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loneses 


Devoted  to 


JfrntSS 


Cover:  Duke  swimmer  gets  read 
to  race  in  meet  against  Virginia. 
Photo  by  Jon  Gardiner 

Vol.  93,  No.  2 

EDITOR: 

Robert  J.  Bitwise  A.M.  '88 

MANAGING  EDITOR: 

Zoe  Ingalls 

SENIOR  WRITER: 

Bridget  Booher  '82.  A.M.  '92 

CLAY  FELKER 

MAGAZINE  FELLOW: 

lacob  Danger  '03 

SENIOR  EDITORIAL 

ASSISTANT: 

Daniel  I.  Riechers 

PUBLISHER:  Sterly  L.  Wilder  '83 

and  Peter  Vaughn 

STUDENT  INTERNS: 

Adam  Pearse  '07 

Jared  Mueller  '09 

Will  Waggenspack  '08 

Emily  Znamierowski  '07 

DESIGN  CONSULTANT: 

Maxine  Mills  Graphic  Design 

PRINTER:  Progress  Printing 

OFFICERS,  DUKE  ALUMNI 

ASSOCIATION: 

Thomas  C.  Clark  '69,  president; 

Sterly  L.  Wilder  '83,  secretary. 

PRESIDENTS,  SCHOOL 
AND  COLLEGE  ALUMNI 
ASSOCIATIONS: 
Sheila  Rayhurn  Cumhest  M.R.E.  '90, 
Dinnilx  School;  Prayson  W  Pate 
B.S.E.  '84.  Prun  School  n|  EiKukvnnc; 
Amy  Schick  Kenney  '96,  M.E.M.  '98, 
iVichi  <l.is  Schi'id  ,if  the  Environment 
and  Earth  Sciences;  lonathan  Wie>er 
M.B.  A.  '94,  Fndiia  Sch, « .1 ,  if  Business: 
J.  Brett  Bennett  M.H.A.  '86, 
Dcpdrrmcnr  of  Health  .■Uiiimisnariiin. 
Tom  Winland  J.D.  '74,  School  of  Law; 
Roslyn  Bernstein  Mannon  M.D.  '85, 
School  o/ Medicine;  Carole  A.  Klove 
B.S.N.  '80,  School  of  Nursing;  Holly 
Eggert  Duchene  D.P.T.  '03, 1 
Program  in  Physical  Therapy 
EDITORIAL 
ADVISORY  BOARD: 
Cl.i\  Felker  '51,  chair;  Petet 
Applehome  '71,  i  ice  chair;  Sarah 
H.irdestv  Brav  '72;  Nancy  L. 
Cardwell  '69;  Jennifer  Farmer  '96; 
Jerrold  K.  Footlick;  Rohhyn 
Footlick  '85;  Edward  M.  Gomez  '79; 
Devin  Gordon  '98;  Kerry  E. 
Hannon'S2;]ohnHarwood'78; 
Dave  Karger  '95;  Chris  Keyes  '96; 
Nora  krue.  '92;  Stephen  Labaton 
A.M./J.D.  '86;  Hugo  Lindgren  '90; 
Sara  Lipka  '01;  Julia  Livshin  '96; 
Valerie  A.  May  '77;  Michael 
MUstein  'SN;  N.  Page  Murray  III 
'85;  Ann  Pelham  74;  Lauren 
Porcaro  '9o;  Richard  Reeves; 
limRosenfield 'SI;  Michael  J. 
Schoenfeld  '84;  Susan  Tifft  73; 
Greg  Veis '03;  Jane  Vessels  77; 
James  O.Wilson  74;  Shelby 
Oppel  Wood  '95;  Robert  J.  Bliwise 
A.M.  \SS,  secretary 
SUBSCRIPTIONS: 
$20  per  year  (330  foreign) 
I'htkc  \lai;,i:iiic.  Box  90572, 
Durham,  N.C.  27708 
PHONE:  (919)  684-5114 
FAX:  (919)  681-1659 
E-MAIL:  dukemag@duke.edu 
ADDRESS  CHANGES: 
Alumni  Records,  Box  90581, 
Durham,  N.C.  27708  or  e-mail 
blueJe\  iladuke.edu 
©  2007  Duke  University 
rublisbed  bimonthly  by  the 
Office  of  Alumni  Affairs 


^     Magazine 


Title  IX  at  XXXV  by  Bridget  Booher 

The  remarkable  legacy  of  Title  IX  is  manifest  in  the  achievements  of  female  athletes, 

hut  the  law  is  still  a  target  of  criticism,  and  equity  remains  elusive 

The  Magic  of  Metamaterials  by  Ker  Than 

New  manmade  substances  hold  out  tantalizing  possibilities,  from  better  microscopes 

and  military-stealth  technology  to  the  Holy  Grail  of  sci-fi  fans — invisibility 

Leap  of  Faith  by  Barry  Yeoman 

Through  a  combination  of  rigor,  religion,  and  love,  a  private  middle  school  with  strong  ties 

to  Duke  seeks  to  transform  promising  youngsters  from  poor  families  into  academic  achievers 

Great  Scott  by  Bonnie  Vick  Stone 

Demanding  and  inspiring,  a  scholar  of  women's  history  and  beloved 

teacher  continues  to  serve  as  a  role  model  for  students  of  all  ages 


44 


Departments 


Quad  Quotes 

Iraqi  culture  suffers,  Central  Campus  evolves,  presidential  prospects  compete 

Forum 

Excellence  in  teaching,  relocation  in  wartime,  dignity  in  retirement 

Full  Frame 

Budding  delights  in  the  gardens 

Gazette 

Exploring  the  world  beyond  the  classroom,  reporting  on  the  climate  of  the  campus, 
finding  inspiration  in  science  fiction,  making  the  case  for  immigration;  Sports: 
a  perfect  season  for  women's  basketball;  Campus  Observer:  a  rock  musical  for  a  new  i 
Q&A:  the  gun-control  movement  under  scrutiny 

Books 

The  museum  as  a  cultural  marker,  plus  Book  Notes 


Career  Week  networking,  young-alumni  programming,  family  bonding;  Career  Corner: 
bouncing  back  from  a  job  loss;  Retrospective:  May  Day  pageantry;  mini-profiles: 
birds  and  survival,  churches  and  tolerance,  chocolates  and  charity 

Under  the  Gargoyle 

A  Nobel  Laureate  ponders  science  and  public  understanding 


Between 
the  Lines 


Peter  Agre  knows  his  science, 
and  you  would  expect  that  of  a 
Nobel  Laureate  in  chemistry.  He 
also  knows  issues,  like  stem-cell 
research,  that  straddle  the  realms  of  sci- 
ence and  public  policy.  Agre  argues,  in 
our  back-page  "Under  the  Gargoyle," 
that  scientists  need  to  do  a  better  job  at 
engaging  with  the  public. 

The  public  was  certainly  engaged  with 
a  Duke-led  effort  to  construct  an  "invisi- 
bility cloak,"  also  treated  in  these  pages. 
The  Pratt  School's  David  Smith,  who  led 
the  research  team,  says  the  media  by  and 
large  got  the  story  right — even  as  media  in- 
terest "pretty  much  wiped  out  months"  for 
him  and  David  Schurig,  his  postdoctoral 
associate.  The  two  of  them  did  more  than 
100  interviews;  every  segment  for  broad- 
cast "would  take  about  half  a  day  or  more 
for  the  thirty  seconds  of  air  time." 

A  technology-oriented  weblog,  Engad- 
get,  declared,  "Duke  scientists  build  the- 
orized invisibility  cloak.  Sort  of."  But  even 
such  sober  accounts  generated  exuberant 
reader  postings.  "It's  a  hell  of  a  lot  cooler 
than  that  guy  in  Japan  who  used  a  webcam 
and  a  projector  to  make  himself 'invisi- 
ble,' "  one  poster  remarked,  in  an  intrigu- 
ing if  obscure  reference.  "Making  it  work 
with  visible  light  will  be  quite  a  challenge," 
wrote  another.  "But,  if  you're  going  up 
against  an  army  of  robots  that  can  only  see 
microwaves,  it  might  do  the  trick!" 

The  research  resonated  powerfully  be- 
cause of  such  fantastical  associations. 
Which  is  not  to  say  that  fans  of  science 
fiction  might  not  be  protective  of  their 
territory — just  like  scientists.  In  a  letter 
to  The  Chronicle,  Greg  Filpus,  a  Pratt 
sophomore,  said  that  ascribing  an  "invisi- 
bility cloak"  to  the  Starship  Enterprise  was 
an  insult  to  "the  Star  Trek  universe  and 
the  United  Federation  of  Planets."  Cloak- 
ing technology  would  have  been  off  limits 
under  interstellar  agreements  that  "span 
three  of  the  five  TV  series." 

Spanning  as  it  does  science  fiction  and 
technological  innovation,  the  "invisibility 
cloak"  visibly  produces  good  storytelling. 
— Robert  J.  Bliwise,  editor 


QUAD  QUOTES 

"My  job  is  the  equitable  dis- 
tribution of  unhappiness." 

— Christoph  Guttentag,  dean 

of  undergraduate  admissions, 

on  the  difficulties  attendant 

on  winnowing  admissions 

applications,  at  the  winter 

board  meeting  of  the  Duke 

Aiumni  Association 

"Cheap  Chinese  goods  and 
labor  have  pitted  the  Ameri- 
can consumer,  in  love  with 
inexpensive  goods,  against 
the  American  worker,  in 
fear  of  cheap  labor.  Unfor- 
tunately, these  are  often 
two  sides  of  the  same  coin: 
America's  workers  are  also 
its  consumers." 

— Gary  Gereffi,  professor  of 
sociology,  in  the  Baltimore  Sun 

"If  American  higher  educa- 
tion feels  misunderstood  by 
the  government  and  gener- 
al public,  as  it  typically 
does,  it  should  not  be  for 
lack  of  trying." 

—President  Richard  H. 
Brodhead,  addressing  the 

National  Association  of 
Independent  Colleges  and 
Universities  at  its  annual 

meeting  in  Washington 

"I  see  him  all  the  time  and 
yell:  'Hi  cuz!  Hi  cuz!'  I'm 
glad  I  watch  the  games  by 
myself  so  people  don't 
think  I'm  crazy." 

— Mike  Krzyzewski,  57,  a 

retired  water-company 

employee  from  Walkerton, 

Indiana,  on  seeing  the  Duke 

men's  basketball  coach 

on  television,  in  Raleigh's 

News  &  Observer 

"My  fantasy  would  be  to 
shrink  down  and  live  in  my 
LEGO  world.  That  would 
be  the  ultimate." 

— Cyndi  Bradham,  a  research 

associate  in  the  biology 

department,  while  presiding 

over  a  medieval-motif 

creation  at  Chapel  Hill's 

LEGO-palooza  at  Morehead 


Planetarium  and  Science 
Center,  in  The  News  &  Observer 

"The  Super  Bowl  doesn't  cut 
anyone  out.  A  Buddhist,  a 
Jew,  a  Muslim,  a  Christian 
and  [an]  atheist ...  they  can 
all  watch." 

— Orin  Starn,  professor  of  cul- 
tural anthropology,  in  the 
South  Florida  Sun-Sentinel 

"Making  the  U.S.  a  mecca 
for  high-skilled  immigrants 
is  a  good  thing." 

—Jacob  Vigdor,  associate 

professor  of  public-policy 

studies  and  economics,  in 

Durham's  Herald-Sun 

"Cardiac  surgery  is  like  bas- 
ketball. You  need  teamwork 
and  three  or  four  physicians. 
Neurosurgery  is  a  one-man, 
single-man  operation." 

— Takanori  Fukushima, 

consulting  professor  of 

neurosurgery,  in  the 

Charleston  Daily  Mail 

"This  is  world  culture;  it's 
not  just  Iraqi  culture.  And 
we're  losing  it  minute  by 
minute.." 

— Eric  Meyers,  Bernice  and 

Morton  Lerner  Professor  of 

Judaic  studies  and  director 

of  the  graduate  program  in 

religion,  on  the  continued 

looting  of  Iraqi  archaeological 

sites  and  museums,  in  the 

National  Journal 

"From  a  public-policy  per- 
spective, this  looks  a  lot  like 
insider  trading." 

—Kevin  Schulman,  a  profes- 
sor in  Fuqua  and  the  medical 
school,  on  doctors  who  partic- 
ipate in  clinical  trials  for  new 
drugs  or  procedures  passing 
information  to  investment 
companies,  on  American 
Public  Media's  Marketplace 

"People  who  come  to  Duke 
want  to  see  the  chapel  and 
Cameron.  And  not  neces- 
sarily in  that  order." 

— Mitch  Moser,  associate 

athletics  director,  on  visitors 

to  Duke's  campus,  in  The 

New  York  Times 


"Obama  does  not  have 
roots  in  the  civil-rights 
movement,  he  doesn't  rely 
on  the  black  church  as  his 
base  of  support,  and  he  sees 
himself  more  as  a  problem- 
solver  than  an  agitator  or 
an  activist." 

— Kerry  Haynie,  associate 

professor  of  political  science, 

on  the  differences  between 

Senator  Barack  Obama  and 

previous  black  presidential 

candidates  like  Jesse  Jackson 

and  Al  Sharpton,  in  the  South 

Florida  Sun-Sentinel 

"In  this  year  when  so  much 
that  has  been  unfair,  inac- 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


curate,  and  at  times  down- 
right false  about  how  Dur- 
ham is  supposedly  divided 
against  itself,  overcome  by 
community  tensions,  and 
driven  by  supposed  town- 
gown  conflicts,  it  is  note- 
worthy that  we  can  come 
to  you  with  this  consensus 
proposal." 

— Provost  Peter  Lange, 

before  the  Durham  City 

Council,  on  a  development 

proposal  for  Central  Campus 

that  passed  unanimously 

"We  are  part  of  a  generation 
that  believes  we  can  change 


the  world,  and  never  in 
human  history  has  there 
been  the  commitment,  the 
resources,  the  courage,  the 
money,  and  the  technology 
to  make  our  dreams  come 
true.  And  so  we  shall  over- 
come. Not  someday,  but  we 
can  overcome  today." 

— The  Reverend  Andrew 

Young,  during  a  keynote 

speech  at  Duke's  MLK  Jr. 

Day  celebration 

"Being  the  brown  version 
of  a  white  business  isn't 
enough  anymore.  If  you're 
going  to  grow  your  business 


in  size  and  scale,  you  can't 
just  say,  'I'm  only  going  to 
serve  black  people.'  " 

— Alfred  Edmond,  editor  in 

chief  of  Black  Enterprise 

magazine,  on  the  future 

of  the  black  business 

community,  in  a  campus  talk 

"Peace  will  only  come  to 
our  world  when  the  chil- 
dren of  Abraham  learn  to 
live  graciously  together." 

— Sir  Jonathan  Sacks,  chief 
rabbi  of  the  United  Hebrew 
Congregations  of  the  British 
Commonwealth,  while  deliver- 
ing the  2007  Kenan  Distin- 
guished Lecture  in  Ethics 


"A  little  lamer  than  other 
lame  ducks." 

— David  Rohde,  professor  of 

political  science,  describing 

President  George  W.  Bush, 

now  in  his  second  term 

and  losing  support  for  the 

war  in  Iraq  even  among  his 

conservative  base,  in  The 

Wichita  Eagle 

"I've  got  15  alumni  from 
Duke  University  in  my 
family." 

— Actress  Hayden  Panettiere, 
seventeen,  on  her  plans  to 
attend  college — eventually — 
after  her  six-year  contract 
with  NBC  for  the  hit  show 
Heroes  is  up,  in  Vanity  Fair 


March-April  2007 


Forum 


Reflections  on  Aging 

What  joy  to  read  "Gray 
Matters"  [November-De- 
cember 2006]  as  I  also  work 
for  the  Kendal  Corporation 
and  am  intimately  involved 
in  another  long-term-care 
innovation — horticultural 
therapy.  Similarly  to  John 
Diffey  70, 1  found  the  Silent 
Vigil  to  be  the  defining  mo- 
ment in  my  commitment  to 
social  justice.  I  began  my 
horticultural-therapy  career 
at  a  home  for  people  with 
mental  retardation,  where 
I  developed  a  cottage  indus- 
try of  growing  and  using 
everlasting  flowers  in  order 
to  employ  forty  of  the  resi- 
dents. 

Ten  years  ago,  my  friend 
Charlotte  Bartlett  (pictured 
in  "Gray  Matters")  ap- 
proached me  about  helping 
with  the  design  of  the  land- 
scape at  Barclay  Friends,  a 
facility  unique  to  the  Ken- 
dal Corporation,  as  it  is  for 
assisted-living  and  skilled- 
care  residents  located  in  a 
borough. 

Responding  to  the 
Quaker  principle  of  dignity 
tor  all  residents,  the  Barclay 
Friends'  board  of  directors 
made  a  commitment  to  hor- 
ticultural therapy  to  help 
provide  a  homelike  envi- 
ronment and,  most  impor- 
tant, a  productive  lifestyle 
for  the  residents.  The  peo- 
ple who  live  at  Barclay 
Friends  continue  to  con- 
tribute to  their  community 
through  flower  arranging 
tor  public  areas,  plant  prop- 
agation for  gardens,  and 
many  garden  chores.  Edu- 
cation is  also  an  essential 
element  ot  our  horticultural- 


therapy  programming  in 
order  to  help  residents  feel 
alive  and  vital. 

The  success  of  Barclay 
Friends'  program  has  been 
noted  by  other  Kendal 
communities,  and  I  have 
helped  three  of  these  com- 
munities get  their  horticul- 
tural therapy  programs  up 
and  running.  I  am  proud  to 
be  a  part  of  the  Kendal 
Corporation,  a  visionary 
leader  with  a  humanitarian 
approach  to  long-term  care. 

Gwynne  Ormsby  '68 
West  Chester,  Pennsylvania 

It  is  incomprehensible  to 
me  how  the  article  "Gray 
Matters"  fails  to  make  even 
passing  reference  to  one  of 
the  biggest  and  best  educa- 
tional programs  for  seniors 
in  the  country:  Duke's  own 
Osher  Lifelong  Learning 
Institute  (formerly  named 
the  Duke  Institute  for 
Learning  in  Retirement). 

We  live  a  block  from  the 
East  Campus,  in  part  so  we 
can  more  easily  attend 
OLLI  classes.  Indeed,  the 
existence  of  this  program 
was  one  of  the  chief  reasons 
we  moved  to  the  Triangle 
for  our  retirement  in  the 
first  place. 

I  urge  you  to  do  some 
more  research  about  this 
wonderful  (but  apparently 
of  low  visibility  in  the 
Duke  community)  program. 
Maybe  even  do  an  article 
about  it! 

Andrew  W.  Bingham 
Durham,  North  Carolina 

Editor's  note:  "Gray  Matters" 
focused  on  residential  retire- 
ment communities.  For  infor- 
mation about  OLLI,  see  www. 


leammore.duke.edu/olli  or 
read  the  magazine's  "Wise 
Beyond  Their  Years , "  July- 
August  2005. 

Thanks  to  Teachers 

I  wish  to  respond  to  the  ar- 
ticle by  Jacob  Dagger,  "The 
Art  of  Enlightenment,"  in 
the  November-December 
issue  of  Duke  Magazine ,  for 
I  found  it  more  than  just  an 
interesting  composition 
about  university  teaching. 
When  I  read  the  article,  I 
had  just  turned  in  my  grades 
halfway  through  my  forty- 
third  year  of  teaching  reli- 
gious studies.  Yet  I  found 
the  comments  downright 
inspiring.  Discussion  of 
Robert  Korstad's  approach 
in  his  course  on  "The 
Insurgent  South"  cannot  be 
[applied]  immediately  to  my 
course  on  "Old  Testament 
Literature,"  with  little  pos- 
sibility, of  capturing  the 
original  voices  of  Amos  or 
Isaiah  in  their  "historical 
speeches,"  but  I  shall  be 
using  some  recorded  read- 
ings of  biblical  passages  by 
modem  actors  hereafter, 
thanks  to  this  issue  of  Duke 
Magazine. 

Moreover,  I  was  inspired 
by  the  example  of  professor 
I.B.  Holley,  who  has  been 
writing  his  lecture  outlines 
on  blackboards  for  sixty 
years.  In  the  fall  of  1952,  he 
and  professor  Harold  Parker 
inspired  me  to  become  a 
history  major,  and  the 
methodology  and  careful 
reading  of  texts  have  influ- 
enced my  research  and 
teaching  ever  since.  Since  I 
have  to  go  another  seven- 
teen years  to  even  match 


Dr.  Holley 's  pace,  he  has 
clearly  outrun  my  endur- 
ance. 

The  entire  issue  is  in 
sharp  focus  as  to  what  an 
education  at  Duke  is  like  in 
the  twenty-first  century, 
and  it  makes  those  of  us 
who  passed  through  those 
Gothic  conidors  some  fifty 
years  ago  proud  to  have 
studied  there.  For  example, 
the  Full  Frame  photograph 
of  a  student  logging  onto 
her  computer  in  front  of 
Lilly  Library  could  not  have 
happened  fifty  years  ago, 
nor  could  students  then 
have  turned  in  papers  as  e- 
mail  attachments  or  on 
Blackboard  discussion  links, 
but  the  sense  of  excitement 
in  the  education  of  young 
minds,  which  is  happening 
all  over  the  world  today, 
clearly  comes  across  in  this 
issue.  Bravo! 

Bill  Huntley  Jr.  '55,  Ph.D.  '64 
Redlands,  California 

The  writer  is  a  professor  of 
religious  studies  at  the 
University  of  Redlands. 

I  found  the  November- 
December  2006  issue  of 
Duke  Magazine  most  inter- 
esting. I  was  particularly  im- 
pressed with  Jacob  Dagger's 
article  discussing  excellence 
in  teaching.  The  mention 
of  professor  emeritus  I.B. 
Holley  was  especially  pleas- 
ing, since  I  considered  him 
the  best  teacher  I  experi- 
enced in  Trinity  College. 
In  his  engineering-history 
classes  of  1947,  he  graded 
our  notes  early  in  the  course 
to  [ensure]  we  were  listen- 
ing and  heeding.  His  lec- 
tures were  so  constructed 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


that  one  could  detect  each 
main  point  and  all  sub- 
points,  and  he  expected  you 
to  note  them  in  outline 
form  only. 

I  spent  much  more  time 
with  engineering-school 
teachers  such  as  professors 
Harold  Byrd,  Brewster 
Snow,  and  Aubrey  Palmer, 
among  others  who  made 
great  impressions  on  me.  I 
trust  Duke  will  continue  to 
put  emphasis  on  excellent 
teaching. 

William  D.McRae 
B.S.C.E.  '52 
Dallas,  Texas 


On  Ideology 


It  was  enjoyable  to  read  in 
the  September-October 
issue  yet  another  article 
plumbing  the  curious  phe- 
nomenon of  conservative 
paranoia  with  respect  to  the 
left's  "intellectual  corruption 
of  the  American  university," 
as  David  Horowitz  has  put 
it  ["Leftward  Leanings"]. 
Why  in  the  world  would  it 
surprise  anyone  that  liberal- 
ism is  dominant  in  a  popu- 
lation cohort  of  brighter- 
than-average  individuals? 

Richard  Allen  '51 

Gainesville,  Florida 

I  just  finished  reading  the 
letter  to  Forum  by  Lewis  P. 
Klein  Jr.,  '51,  in  the  Novem- 
ber-December 2006  issue. 


Mr.  Klein  argues  that  the 
U.S.  government's  World 
War  II  policy  of  imprison- 
ing without  trial  Japanese 
Americans  was  intended  to 
facilitate  a  government  pol- 
icy of  propagandizing  hatred 
of  Japan  and  to  protect 
Japanese  Americans  from 
physical  danger,  made  clear 
and  present  by  the  vandal- 
ism of  cherry  trees  and  the 
invective  of  Bob  Hope.  Mr. 
Klein's  comments  fail  both 
the  factual  record  and  logic. 

The  U.S.  government 
has  disavowed  the  reason- 
ing proffered  by  Mr.  Klein 
and  acknowledged  the  error 
of  the  policy.  In  1988,  both 
houses  of  Congress  passed, 
and  President  Reagan 
signed,  Public  Law  100- 
383,  which  provided  in  part 
[that],  "The  Congress  rec- 
ognizes that ...  a  grave 
injustice  was  done  to  both 
citizens  and  permanent  res- 
ident aliens  of  Japanese 
ancestry  by  the  evacuation, 
relocation,  and  internment 
of  civilians  during  World 
War  II.  [T]hese  actions 
were  carried  out  without 
adequate  security  reasons 
and  without  any  acts  of 
espionage  or  sabotage  docu- 
mented by  the  [investigat- 
ing] Commission,  and  were 
motivated  largely  by  racial 
prejudice,  wartime  hysteria, 
and  a  failure  of  political 
leadership....  For  these  fun- 
damental violations  of  the 


basic  civil  liberties  and  con- 
stitutional rights  of  these 
individuals  of  Japanese  an- 
cestry, the  Congress  apolo- 

I  gizes  on  behalf  of  the 

|  Nation." 

§      If  Mr.  Klein's  reasoning 
were  extended,  the  U.S. 
government  would  be  justi- 
fied in  imprisoning  Muslims 
to  facilitate  the  pursuit  of 
President  Bush's  "crusade" 
against  Islam,  and  in  im- 
prisoning African  Americans 
to  protect  them  from  the 
impending  physical  danger 
made  evident  by  race-based 
violence,  burnings  of  Afri- 
can-American churches, 
and  the  existence  of  groups 
in  the  United  States  that 
advocate  violence  against 
African  Americans. 

Should  China  ever  in- 
vade the  United  States, 
rather  than  being  impris- 
oned without  trial,  I  would 
prefer  to  take  the  risk  of  liv- 
ing in  my  home.  Any  hon- 
est person  over  the  age  of 
zero  will  confirm  what  I've 
stated  here. 

David  Chen  '90 
San  Francisco,  California 

Klein's  letter  about  the 
conflation  of  Guantanamo 
residents  and  Japanese 
Americans  in  Relocation 
Centers  (to  use  the  legalis- 
tic term)  is  passing  strange. 

First,  Roosevelt  did  not 
need  to  sign  the  execrable 
executive  order  for  propa- 
ganda purposes.  The  animus 
toward  Japan  and  the  Jap- 
anese could  not  have  been 
more  thorough.  Some  of  it 
became  generalized  toward 
Japanese  Americans  whether 
native-born — i.e.  citizens — 


or  aliens,  and  there  were 
indeed  instances  of  mind- 
less prejudice.  Was  it  as 
severe  as  prejudice  toward 
blacks  in  the  South  before 
the  civil-rights  era? 

Probably  not.  Incidentally, 
there  was  never  any  sabo- 
tage, and  a  small  number  of 
Japanese  deemed  security 

Why  in  the  world  would  it  surprise 
anyone  that  liberalism  is  dominant  in  a 
population  cohort  of  brighter-than- 
average  individuals? 

risks  were  picked  up  early 
and  either  deported  or 
imprisoned. 

Second,  despite  the  press 
campaign  against  Japanese 
Americans,  there  were  few 
overt  acts  against  them, 
perhaps  equal  to  the  num- 
ber of  expressions  of  per- 
sonal sympathy.  Certainly 
the  camps  were  not  estab- 
lished to  provide  protective 
custody.  Nor  were  they 
designed  for  family  life.  I 
saw  them. 

The  reader  should  con- 
sider some  details:  Hawaii 
had  a  Japanese- American 
population  of  about  six  dig- 
its. None  was  taken  into 
protective  custody,  and  the 
Hawaiian  economy  and  war 
effort  would  have  suffered 
without  them. 

Many  Japanese  Ameri- 
cans enlisted  while  in  the 
camps  and  formed  the 
442nd  Regimental  Combat 
Team,  a  highly  decorated 
unit.  An  analogous  unit 
was  established  by  Hawaiian 
volunteers.  In  the  Pacific, 
Japanese  Americans  served 
in  intelligence  and  as  inter- 


March-April  2007 


preters  and  translators. 

It  is  now  generally  accept- 
ed that  the  evacuation  was 
unjustified,  that  it  impaired 
the  war  effort,  and  that  it 
harmed  loyal  Americans. 

Leonard  Broom  Ph.D.  '37 
Santa  Barbara,  California 

More  Lacrosse  Lessons 

To  the  brave  journalists  at 
Duke  Magazine:  Why  has 
there  been  not  one  single 
letter  even  faintly  critical 
of  the  most  politically  cor- 
rect university  president  of 
an  important  American 
university  in  the  history  of 
the  U.S.  printed  in  your 
magazine? 


At  least  90  percent  of  the 
Duke  alumni  I  have  con- 
versed with  recently  about 
the  reunion  this  spring  or 
about  business  matters  on  a 
daily  basis  have  been  in- 
censed at  the  conduct  of 
the  president  booting  those 
kids  out  of  the  school  and 
the  Duke  community  until 
the  case  was  resolved  favor- 
ably. Now,  in  allowing 
them  to  come  back  if  they 
so  choose  at  such  a  late  and 
seemingly  "safe"  date,  he 


has  brought  even  greater 
shame  to  our  exalted  insti- 
tution of  higher  learning. 

What  this  great  universi- 
ty needs  is  something  that 
many  of  the  better  colleges 
and  universities  do:  to  find 
a  leader  and  a  president 
who  has  gone  to  Duke  and 
is  already  a  member  of  the 
greater  Duke  community — 
not  some  politician  who 
has  climbed  the  ranks  of 
educational  sinecurity  [sic] 
by  being  politically  correct 


and  playing  the  . . .  game 
to  get  a  plum  assignment. 
Are  there  not  any  qualified 
candidates  who  have  gone 
to  Duke  and  been  a  part  of 
our  great  school  who  are 
qualified  and  interested  in 
the  job? 

Frankly,  I  find  that  hard 
to  believe.  I  am  afraid  that 
Brodhead's  conduct  in  this 
entire  affair  will  damage  the 
school,  its  reputation,  and 
its  ability  to  raise  money  for 
the  endowment  more  than 
anything  that  has  been  pre- 
viously charged  or  implied 
by  any  members  of  Dur- 
ham's exotic  dancer  indus- 
try or  its  friends  and  part- 
ners in  the  county  district 
attorney's  office. 


f« 

JUMP-START 

COLLEGE 
ADMISSIONS 

ponsored  by  the 

Duke 

iLUMNI    ASSOCIATION 

Alumni  Admissions  Forum 

June  22,  2007 

1       An  all-day,  on-campus  conference  for  parents  and  children 
I       with  college  in  their  futures 

A  panel  of  admissions  experts  will  discuss: 

•  searching  for  the  right  school 

•  setting  a  timetable 

•  the  applications  process 

•  essays  and  interviews 

•  financial  aid 

•  testing 

Hear  from  current  students,  review  and  evaluate  sample 
'       applications,  and  find  answers  to  all  your  questions. 

For  alumni  with  children  entering  the  10th,  11th,  and  12th 

grades.  Space  is  limited. 

If  you  don't  receive  a  registration  brochure  by  May  20,  contact: 

Alumni  Admissions  Program,  Alumni  House,  Box  90572, 

Durham,  NC  27708-0572 

(919)684-5114                      www.dukealumni.com 

\ 

DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Seriously  folks,  is  there 
not  a  single  member  of  the 
Duke  Magazine  staff,  the 
administration,  or  faculty 
that  is  critical  of  President 
Brodhead's  conduct  con- 
cerning this  matter?  Because 
hundreds  of  alums  I  talk  to 
feel  strongly  about  all  these 
events  and  are  disgusted  by 
the  official  Duke  reactions 
or  lack  thereof.  Is  there  not 
a  single  man  or  woman  of 
strong  conscience  or  opin- 
ions left  at  my  dear  old 


George  St.  George 
Biddle  Duke  '82 
Edgar,  Montaiia 

As  an  alumnus  of  Duke 

who  cares  about  the  future 


of  the  university,  I  am  writ- 
ing this  letter  to  protest  the 
mishandling  by  the  admin- 
istration of  the  accusations 
by  a  single  woman  against 
three  students  of  the  Duke 
community.  One  opportu- 
nity after  another  to  take 
the  high  ground  and  be 
supportive  of  these  students 
according  to  the  Constitu- 
tional principle  of  presumed 
innocence  until  guilt  is 
proven  was  lost. 

Instead  of  showing  im- 
partiality, the  administra- 
tion caved  in  to  the  worst 
instincts  of  both  the  local 
community  and  the  media 
by  firing  the  lacrosse  coach, 
by  canceling  the  lacrosse 
season,  and,  finally,  by  sus- 


pending the  three  accused 
students.  The  president  of 
Duke  is  the  one  who  has  to 
take  responsibility  for  his 
administration's  incompe- 
tent response  to  this  whole 
ugly  affair.  I  am  sure  that  I 
was  hardly  alone  among 
Duke  alumni  in  my  amaze- 
ment at  his  pathetic  per- 
formance on  60  Minutes 
when  being  interviewed  by 
the  late  Ed  Bradley,  who 
seemed  to  be  more  objec- 
tive regarding  the  contro- 
versy than  the  man  who  is 
supposedly  the  leader  of  the 
Duke  community. 

Now  the  president  has 
invited  the  [two]  humiliated 
students  to  return  to  Duke. 
What  incredible  arrogance!... 


What  he  should  do  now  is 
to  accept  his  role  in  giving 
encouragement  to  a  corrupt 
district  attorney,  which 
added  greatly  to  the  misery 
that  the  three  innocent  stu- 
dents and  their  families 
have  endured. 

I  believe  that  President 
Brodhead  should  make  a 
public  apology  to  the  stu- 
dents and  their  families  and 
offer  to  pay  the  legal  costs 
that  they  have  had  to  absorb 
alone.  Finally,  for  the  good 
of  the  university  and  Duke's 
reputation  as  a  community 
of  caring  individuals,  Presi- 
dent Brodhead  should  do 
the  right  thing  and  resign. 
John  F.  Reiger  '65 
Chillicothe,  Ohio 


Being  a  Duke  graduate 
means  belonging 
to  a  network  of  leaders 
meet  them  this  summer 
in  Venice,  Italy. 


■ 


DUKE  MBA 
Internationa 


March-April  2007 


Gazette 


ACROSS   THE   CAMPUS 


Engaging  Students 


As  part  of  Duke's  decades-long  focus  on 
applying  knowledge  to  address  social 
problems,  a  new  $30  million  initiative 
called  DukeEngage  will  make  civic  en- 
gagement an  integral  part  of  the  undergrad- 
uate experience. 

DukeEngage  will  provide  full  funding  and 
faculty  and  administrative  support  to  all  un- 
dergraduates who  want  to  stretch  beyond 
the  classroom  by  tackling  social  issues  at 
home  and  abroad,  and,  in  turn,  learn  from 
those  beyond-the-classroom  experiences. 
Projects  could  range  from  learning  about 
education  challenges  in  Africa  while  volun- 
teering in  a  rural  school  to  gaining  insights 


into  natural  disasters  while  working  with 
Gulf  Coast  flood  victims. 

"The  lasting  products  of  a  university  edu- 
cation are  the  qualities  of  mind  and  charac- 
ter that  students  carry  forth  into  their  adult 
lives,"  said  President  Richard  H.  Brodhead 
when  the  initiative  was  announced  in  Febru- 
ary. "We  give  our  students  superb  academic 
training,  but  we  also  want  them  to  become 
active  citizens  and  creative  problem-solvers, 
using  their  education  to  make  a  real-world 
difference.  Duke  has  always  placed  a  special 
emphasis  on  using  knowledge  for  the  greater 
social  good.  Today  we're  committing  our- 
selves to  making  this  opportunity  a  part  of 
every  Duke  undergraduate's  experience." 

Beginning  in  the  summer  of  2008,  any 


Duke  undergraduate  who  has  completed  at 
least  two  semesters  of  classes  will  be  eligible 
to  participate  in  an  immersive  summer  or 
semester-long  service  project  with  Duke  sup- 
port. Duke  funding  will  include  travel  ex- 
penses and  a  cost-of-living  stipend  to  cover 
the  full  experience.  To  ensure  that  students 
receiving  financial  aid  are  able  to  partici- 
pate, Duke  will  assume  responsibility  for 
their  "summer  earnings"  requirements  and 
cover  the  costs  of  their  service  experience. 
Forty  percent  of  Duke  undergraduates  re- 
ceive financial  aid.  The  university  also  will 
provide  stipends  to  faculty  and  staff  mem- 
bers who  serve  as  mentors  to  the  students. 

Currently,  more  than  80  percent  of  Duke 
students  volunteer  with  organizations  such 


10 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


as  Engineers  Without  Borders  and  the  Ronald 
McDonald  House.  Each  year,  about  500  un- 
dergraduates participate  in  some  form  of 
service-learning,  combining  classroom  work 
with  public  service,  and  nearly  100  devise 
their  own  summer  service  projects. 

DukeEngage  will  encompass  three  types 
of  learning  opportunities: 

•  Projects  that  Duke  sponsors  or  organiz- 
es, either  through  a  class  or  an  existing  serv- 
ice-learning program; 

•  Projects  that  Duke  coordinates  with 
outside  providers  or  community  partners; 

•  Projects  that  students  themselves  initiate 
(in  collaboration  with  faculty  or  staff  mem- 
bers) through  individual  grant  proposals. 

Students  who  participate  in  DukeEngage 
will  work  on  projects  that  encompass  a  full 
spectrum  of  public-service  issues,  in  local, 
national,  and  international  communities. 
University  officials  estimate  that  over  the 
next  five  years,  at  least  25  percent  of  Duke's 
6,250  undergraduates  will  participate  in 
DukeEngage,  in  addition  to  existing  com- 
munity-service activities. 

"Duke  is  already  strong  at  producing  a 
special  kind  of  graduate,  a  person  of  trained 
intelligence  who  is  highly  knowledgeable 
about  the  world  and  has  a  strong  desire  to 
take  on  its  most  challenging  concerns,"  Brod- 
head  said.  "Going  forward,  we  want  to  make 
this  a  signature  of  Duke  undergraduate  edu- 
cation." 

The  Duke  Endowment  of  Charlotte  and 
the  Bill  6k  Melinda  Gates  Foundation  of  Se- 
attle are  providing  $15  million  each  to  en- 
dow DukeEngage.  The  program's  national 
advisory  committee  will  be  chaired  by  David 
Gergen  Hon.  '93,  a  Duke  trustee  and  former 
White  House  adviser  who  is  professor  of  pub- 
lic service  at  Harvard's  John  E  Kennedy 
School  of  Government  and  director  of  its 
Center  for  Public  Leadership.  James  Joseph, 
former  U.S.  Ambassador  to  South  Africa 
and  director  of  the  U.S. -Southern  Africa 
Center  for  Leadership  and  Public  Values  at 
Duke,  will  lead  the  faculty  advisory  board. 
The  board's  vice  chair  is  biologist  Sherryl 
Broverman,  who  has  helped  lead  a  service- 
learning  project  in  Kenya  in  which  Duke 
students  are  working  to  build  a  boarding 
school  for  girls  in  Muhuru  Bay. 


STUDENT  SNAPSHOT 

Ben  Abram,  architect  for 
intellectual  gatherings 


It's  a  long  story,  actually,  how 
Ben  Abram  came  to  invite 
Winston-Salem  rapper  Se7en  to 
dine  at  the  Washington  Duke  Inn 
last  fall  and  to  speak  to  students  in 
Alspaugh,  the  freshman  dorm  where 
he  was  a  residential  adviser. 

Abram  was  enrolled  in  adjunct 
assistant  professor  of  music  Robi 
Roberts' rap  and  hip-hop  appreciation 
class.  Through  that  class,  he  met  DJ 
Chela,  a  local  club  DJ,  who  for  a  time 
hosted  a  weekly  radio  show  on  WXDU, 
the  campus  radio  station.  One  night, 
Abram  was  hanging  out  with  her  in  the 
studio,  and  Se7en  came  on  the  show  to 
talk  about  black  empowerment  issues. 
"They  were  going  on  the  air,  spinning 
rhymes  about  what  they  were  passion- 
ate about,"  Abram  recalls.  He  was  in- 
trigued. Se7en  invited  Abram  to  a  show 
he  was  attending  in  Durham,  and,  in 
return,  Abram  invited  Se7en  to  come 
and  speak  to  his  students  in  Alspaugh. 

It's  a  long  story,  but  it's  really  not  all 
that  uncommon  for  Abram.  In  his  four 
years  at  Duke,  the  senior,  recently 
named  Young  Trustee,  has  gained  a 
reputation  as  someone  who  makes 
connections  with  people.  "Ben's  good 
at  keeping  up  with  people  and  finding 
out  what  they're  about  more  so  than 
anyone  I've  ever  met," says  junior  Lee 
Pearson,  whom  Abram  met  when  both 
were  East  Campus  residential  advisers 
last  year. 

His  task  became  easier  when  Duke 
instituted  a  program  during  his  junior 
year  called  "Duke  Conversations"  to  en- 
courage students  to  invite  interesting 
figures — activists,  teachers,  politicians, 
athletes,  musicians  like  Se7en — to 
campus  to  chat  intimately  over  a  meal 
or  in  a  small  group  setting.  The  univer- 
sity agrees  to  foot  the  bill  for  travel  and 
expenses  on  the  condition  that  the 
speaker  is  not  paid  an  honorarium. 

Abram  took  the  idea  and  ran  with  it, 
initially  using  the  program  to  supple- 
ment the  programming  funds  he  re- 
ceived from  residence  life  to  host  events 
in  Alspaugh.  When  he  moved  off  campus 
this  year,  he  began  hosting  dinners  in  his 
off-campus  house,  often  shuttling  the 
speakers  off  afterwards  to  address  a 
freshman  dorm  or  campus  organization. 

"People  say  Duke  lacks  intellectual 


engagement,"  Abram  says.  "If  that's 
true,  then  it's  only  because  of  not  hav- 
ing appropriate  venues,  not  because 
students  aren't  intellectually  engaged." 

During  the  fall  semester,  a  dozen  or 
more  invited  guests  crowded  around 
the  civil  and  environmental  engineer- 
ing and  public-policy  studies  double- 
major's  table  to  dine  and  converse  with 
speakers  ranging  from  David  Folkenflik, 
media  correspondent  for  National  Public 
Radio,  to  Sonal  Shah  A.M.  '93,  vice 
president  of  Goldman,  Sachs  &  Co.,  to 
Jeff  Smith,  founder  of  political-activism 
organization  the  Oregon  Bus  Project. 

Pearson,  a  frequent  attendee,  says 
that  the  presentations  and  discussions 
brought  together  people  whose  social 
and  intellectual  paths  might  not 
otherwise  cross.  "Most  of  the  time,  I 
didn't  know  half  the  people  in  the 
room,  and  that  was  true  for  everyone. 
Ben  just  knows  so  many  people  in  dif- 
ferent circles,  in  different  schools  and 
departments." 

Abram  admits  that  often  the  group 
slants  left,  but  that's  not  for  lack  of  try- 
ing. He  invited  noted  campus  conser- 
vative Stephen  Miller,  a  senior,  to  one 
event,  and  Miller  ultimately  attended, 
but  not  before  calling  back  to  ask,  "Is 


this  really  just  a  dinner  invitation,  or 
are  you  setting  me  up  for  something?" 

Politics  don't  get  in  the  way  of  good 
discussion,  either.  Of  speaker  Paul 
Teller  '93,  deputy  director  of  the  House 
Republican  Study  Committee,  Abram 
says,  "Yes,  he's  a  Republican.  Yes,  he's 
really  far  right.  But  when  it  came  to  fis- 
cal policy  and  government  intervention 
and  the  way  he  saw  the  government 
shaped  right  now,  we  had  a  lot  of 
agreement  in  the  room." 

At  times,  Abram's  networking 
instincts  don't  go  as  expected.  Abram 
tells  a  funny  story  about  a  time  he 
introduced  journalist  Fiona  Morgan, 
whom  he'd  booked  for  a  conversation, 
to  her  own  husband,  who  works  as  a 
researcher  for  Abram's  academic  advis- 
er, public-policy  professor  Joel 
Fleishman,  at  a  cocktail  party.  You  win 
some,  you  lose  some. 

"College  is  about  bridging  perspec- 
tives, making  connections.  You've  got  to 
do  that  for  yourself."  With  his  dinners, 
Abram  is  once  again  doing  just  that. 

"I  wanted  to  engage  with  my  friends, 
but  also  have  them  engage  with  each 
other.  This  was  sort  of  the'dot,  dot,  dot' 
to  get  the  conversation  going." 

—Jacob  Dagger 


March-April  2007         11 


Gazette 


ACROSS   THE   CAMPUS 


Eric  Mlyn,  director  of  the  Robertson  Schol- 
ars Program  since  its  inception,  chaired  the 
provost's  committee  that  recommended 
DukeEngage  and  will  be  the  founding  direc- 
tor of  the  program.  The  initiative  also  in- 
cludes the  creation  of  a  Duke  Center  for 
Civic  Engagement  that  will  serve  as  a  uni- 
versity-wide clearinghouse  for  civic-engage- 
ment and  service-learning  projects.  The 
center  will  be  housed  in  the  provost's  office 
and  will  serve  as  the  administrative  umbrel- 
la organization  for  all  current  and  future 
undergraduate  civic-engagement  activities 
at  the  university. 

www.dukenews.duke.edu/engage 

Speakers  Take  Center  Stage 

Paul  Rusesabagina,  the  Rwandan  hotel 
manager  whose  story  was  the  basis  for 
the  film  Hotel  Rwanda,  captivated  a 
packed  Page  Auditorium  in  February 
with  personal  reflections  on  the  country's 
1994  genocide.  He  explained  the  background 
for  the  conflict,  saying,  "Why  do  people  hate 
each  other?  Simply  because  they  have  been 
taught  to  hate  each  other  by  leaders  who  al- 
ways divide  in  order  to  rule,"  and  described 
his  experience  in  the  hotel  whose  residents 
he  protected  almost  single-handedly. 

Rusesabagina  was  one  of  several  prominent 
speakers  at  Duke  earlier  this  year,  who  spoke 
on  a  wide  variety  of  issues  now  in  the  na- 
tional spotlight,  ranging  from  religious  tol- 
erance to  the  global  reach  of  art  museums. 

In  delivering  the  2007  Kenan  Distin- 
guished Lecture  in  Ethics  in  January,  Jon- 
athan Sacks,  the  United  Kingdom's  chief 
rabbi,  discussed  the  ways  in  which  extremist 
religious  views  are  threatening  global  socie- 
ty. At  the  center  of  conflicts  between  groups 
like  the  Sunnis  and  Shiites  and  Christians 
and  Muslims,  he  said,  is  a  lack  of  apprecia- 
tion for  shared  values — values  that  could  be 
explored  and  explicated  through  scrutiny  of 
the  narratives  that  are  at  the  basis  of  the 
various  faith  traditions. 

A  week  and  a  half  later,  retired  Marine 
General  Anthony  Zinni  shared  his  highly 
critical  view  of  the  Iraq  war  and  stressed  the 
need  for  more  creative  thinking  about  the 


future  of  the  Middle  East  during  the  Terry 
Sanford  Distinguished  Lecture.  "This  argu- 
ment over  23,000  troops  is  absurd,"  Zinni  said 
of  President  George  W.  Bush's  recent  pro- 
posal for  an  escalation  of  troop  numbers. 
"Either  you  fix  it,  you  contain  it,  or  you  leave 
it,  and  none  of  those  is  going  to  be  easy,"  he 
added,  referring  to  the  continuing  violence 
in  Iraq.  "But  make  up  your  damn  mind." 

The  following  day,  Joseph  Wilson,  the 
husband  of  outed  CIA  agent  Valerie  Plame, 
made  his  first  public  appearance  since  the 
beginning  of  the  perjury  trial  of  I.  Lewis 
"Scooter"  Libby,  former  chief  of  staff  for 
Vice  President  Dick  Cheney.  In  2003,  Wil- 
son wrote  an  op-ed  column  in  The  New  York 
Times  saying  that  Iraq  had  no  intentions  of 
buying  uranium  "yellowcake"  from  Niger. 
Shortly  after,  his  wife's  identity  as  a  CIA 
operative  was  revealed  to  the  press. 

"You  have  the  right  and  the  individual 
responsibility  to  stand  up  to  your  govern- 
ment," Wilson  told  the  audience  in  Page 
Auditorium.  "The  essence  of  good  citizen- 
ship is  participation." 

In  February's  annual  Semans  Lecture  at 
the  Nasher  Museum  of  Art,  Thomas  Krens, 
director  of  the  Solomon  R.  Guggenheim 
Foundation,  outlined  his  vision  for  a  global 
art  museum.  The  Guggenheim,  he  said,  is 
avidly  "building  a  brand."  The  Guggenheim 
brand,  which  began  when  a  former  auto 
showroom  in  midtown  Manhattan  became 
a  gallery  for  modern  art,  has  stretched  to 
Venice,  Beijing,  and  Bilbao,  where  the  Frank 
Gehry  building  has  provided  a  great  boost 


for  economic  development  even  as  it's  helped 
alleviate  political  tensions  in  Spain's  Basque 
region. 

In  the  near  future,  the  Guggenheim  has 
plans  to  expand  to  Abu  Dhabi  in  the  Mid- 
dle East.  The  ambitious  project,  which  will 
involve  internationally  acclaimed  archi- 
tects, will  comprise  several  museums  that 
will  be  granted  extraordinary  resources  for 
building  collections.  Art  museums,  Krens 
told  the  crowd,  should  be  unabashedly  "a 
force  for  change." 

Other  prominent  speakers  featured  on 
campus  this  semester  have  included  Andrew 
Young,  a  top  aide  to  the  Reverend  Martin 
Luther  King  Jr.  and  a  former  mayor  of  At- 
lanta, who  spoke  in  Duke  Chapel  in  honor 
of  King's  birthday,  and  Lord  Carey  of  Clif- 
ton, who  as  Archbishop  of  Canterbury  from 
1991  to  2002  advocated  for  resolutions  for 
the  ordination  of  women  in  the  Church  of 
England  and  against  practicing  homosexu- 
ality or  blessing  same-sex  unions  throughout 
the  Anglican  Communion. 


Knowledge  in  the 
Service  of  Society 


Knowledge  in  the  Service  of  Society 
— a  central  theme  of  Duke's  newest 
strategic  plan — was  the  topic  of  a 
half-day,  four-panel  conference  in 
February  at  the  Doris  Duke  Center.  More 
than  150  students,  faculty  and  staff  mem- 
bers, and  visitors  explored  themes  such  as 
how  to  translate  the  theory  of  service  into 
practice,  how  service  enhances  rather  than 
detracts  from  the  generation  of  knowledge, 
and  the  relationship  between  civic  engage- 
ment and  campus  culture. 

President  Richard  H.  Brodhead  cited  the 
importance  of  "an  education  [that]  consists 
not  just  of  doing  your  homework  and  get- 
ting good  grades  on  the  requisite  exams." 
Andrew  Cunningham  '07  discussed  his  work 
on  a  project  to  build  a  girls'  school  in  Ken- 
ya, and  former  Kenan  Institute  of  Ethics  Di- 
rector Elizabeth  Kiss,  now  the  president  of 
Agnes  Scott  College,  declared  that  "this  is 
an  area  where  Duke  could  show  leadership 
among  [top  research]  universities." 


12 


DUKEMAUAZINI- 


* 


BY  THE  NUMBERS 


Languages  at  Duke 


19 

l 

28 

149 

0  CB1TA 

iMiiri 


11/5 

TliNJ 

wnini, 

5 

cyAHR 

26 

to  Me 


IT, 


17 


Foreign  languages  taught  at  Duke 
spring  semester  2007 

Languages  that  have  been  taught 
since  2001 

Students  enrolled  in  Intermediate 
Spanish 

Students  enrolled  in  Accelerated 
Ukrainian 

Countries  and  continents  in  which  Duke 
offers  study-abroad  language  programs 

Languages  (Aymara,  Quechua,  and 
Spanish)  offered  by  the  Duke-in-the- 
Andes  program 

African  languages  (Afrikaans,  Sotho, 
Swahili,  Xhosa,  and  Zulu)  taught  at  the 
University  of  Cape  Town  through  Duke's 
South  Africa  Direct  program 

Languages  in  which  Empire,  a  book 
co-authored  by  associate  professor  of 
literature  Michael  Hardt  and  Italian  radi- 
cal Antonio  Negri,  has  been  published 

Most  students  enrolled  in  Elementary 
Arabic  in  any  year  before  2001 

Students  enrolled  in  Elementary  Arabic 
last  fall 


-Jared  Mueller '09 

A'ill  jU  3j-t  J's*  j-J  -1 

Bk5H."JL-illJj8j*AI(l-.j»"  :cJU.vJaJl_a 

-iA  ~>jy"j  lSj^Ji  -uii  j_c_-\ 

1  ^jj  SjjJ-l  v-ii. :  "sjj^Ij  stjil"  J  ol>j  .ujt  .V 

ljJ»3lijJL._A 
Isl^l  ^/.IsiVl.ju 


Some  panelists  warned  about  the  politi- 
cization  of  service  or  expressed  concern  that 
universities  would  feel  compelled  to  link 
every  type  of  learning  to  a  service  ethic. 
"You  don't  want  to  point  some  'benevolo- 
meter'  at  people,  and  if  they  don't  score  in 
the  top  quintile  of  benevolence,  say  'We 
don't  want  you  at  this  university,'  "  Brod- 
head  added. 

Ruth  Grant,  a  professor  of  political  sci- 
ence, pointed  out  that  the  notion  of  "com- 
munity service"  has  often  been  fused  with 
progressive  liberal  causes:  "I  have  asked  my- 
self for  a  long  time  why  it's  considered  'serv- 
ice' when  students  work  for  local  nonprof- 
its, but  when  people  work  for  Capitol  Hill 
it's  called  an  'internship.'  " 

Following  the  symposium,  more  than  135 
people  celebrated  the  tenth  anniversary  of 
service-learning  at  Duke,  as  well  as  the  re- 
tirement in  March  of  Betsy  Alden  '64,  one  of 
the  architects  of  the  university's  service- 
learning  initiatives. 

Over  the  past  ten  years,  more  than  5,000 
students  have  combined  their  academic 
coursework  with  relevant  service  and  criti- 
cal ethical  reflection. 

http://kenan.ethics.duke.edu 


Schlesinger  Steps  Down 

William  H.  Schlesinger,  dean  of 
Duke's  Nicholas  School  of  the  En- 
vironment and  Earth  Sciences, 
has  been  named  the  second  presi- 
dent and  director  of  the  Institute  of  Eco- 
system Studies.  He  will  step  down  as  dean 
on  June  1  and  assume  his  new  duties  in  Mill- 
brook,  New  York. 

The  Millbrook  institute  is  one  of  the 
largest  and  most  respected  ecological  re- 
search organizations  in  the  world,  with  ex- 
pertise in  aquatic  science,  forest  ecology, 
urban  ecology,  air  pollution,  nutrient  cycling, 
and  disease  ecology. 

Schlesinger  took  over  the  leadership  of 
the  Nicholas  School  in  2001  and  was  ap- 
pointed to  his  second  five-year  term  in 
2005.  During  his  tenure,  the  school  saw  a 
steady  increase  in  enrollment  in  the  profes- 
sional program  and  a  rise  in  giving.  He  be- 
gan planning  in  2003  for  a  new  building  to 
bring  the  Durham  units  of  the  school  to- 
gether and  also  oversaw  the  creation  of  the 
Nicholas  Institute  in  2005,  which  launched 
its  Washington  office  in  November.  As  dean, 
he  has  written  and  published  numerous  op- 


i    Departing  dean:  Schlesinger 

1    heads  north  for  new  professional  horizons 


March-April  2007 


Gazette 


ACROSS   THE   CAMPUS 


ed  columns,  testified  befote  Congress,  and 
given  speeches  across  the  country  on  envi- 
ronmental issues.  Schlesinger  served  as  presi- 
dent of  the  Ecological  Society  of  America 
from  2003  to  2004  and  was  elected  to  the 
National  Academy  of  Sciences  in  2003. 

After  his  departure,  Schlesinger  will  con- 
tinue his  environmental  research.  "The  in- 
stitute offers  me  an  opportunity  to  focus  my 
work  and  research  in  a  way  that  a  dean  can- 
not," he  says.  "I  look  forward  to  the  new 
challenge." 

www.ecostudies.org 

Send  in  the  Books 

Right  around  the  time  that  President 
George  W.  Bush  was  announcing 
plans  to  send  additional  troops  into 
Iraq,  officials  at  the  Duke  School  of 
Nursing  were  announcing  plans  of  their 
own — to  send  more  books. 

In  early  January,  members  of  the  School 
of  Nursing  community  sent  thirty-eight  car- 
tons containing  901  used  medical  textbooks 
to  Hawler  Medical  University  in  Erbil,  Iraq. 
The  idea  was  conceived  during  a  conversa- 
tion between  Tobin  Hill  M.S.N.  '01  and 
Marva  Price,  an  assistant  professor  of  nurs- 
ing. Hill,  who  had  just  returned  from  serving 


as  a  nurse  practitioner  with  the  National 
Guard  in  Iraq,  "mentioned  that  if  we  ever 
had  excess  books,  that  the  people  of  Iraq 
could  surely  use  them,"  Price  says.  "So  we 
put  the  word  out." 

Randall  Williams,  a  local  obstetrician  who 
volunteers  with  Medical  Alliance  for  Iraq,  a 
nonprofit  organization  working  with  Inter- 
national Medical  Corp.  to  advance  health 
care  in  Iraq,  used  that  existing  relationship 
to  persuade  International  Medical  Corp.  to 
ship  the  books  to  Jordan;  from  there,  they 
will  be  carried  in  by  volunteers.  Williams 
says  that  Iraqi  health-care  professionals,  who 
once  had  strong  connections  with  British 
schools,  have  long  been  cut  off  from  the 
West.  "One  Iraqi  told  me  that  what  they 
wanted  most  was  not  another  CT  scanner, 
but  the  most  recent  obstetrical  care  guide- 
lines," he  says. 

The  textbooks  cover  subjects  such  as  un- 
dergraduate nursing,  primary  care,  pediatrics, 
anaesthesia,  surgical  nursing,  reproductive 
health,  oncology,  and  geriatrics.  "A  lot  of 
the  accelerated  bachelor  ot  nursing  students 
who  finished  classes  in  the  past  year  have 
donated  their  textbooks,"  says  Judith  Hays, 
director  of  the  ABSN  program.  "In  fact,  most 
of  the  books  are  from  2000  or  later."    , 


www.nursing.duke.edu 


Top  Grad  Student 


Audrey  Ellerbee,  a  Ph.D.  candidate  in 
biomedical  engineering,  was  named 
Graduate  Student  of  the  Year  by  the 
National  Society  of  Black  Engineers 
(NSBE).  She  was  honored  at  the  organiza- 
tion's tenth  annual  Golden  Torch  Awards 
ceremony  in  Columbus,  Ohio,  in  March. 

A  graduate  of  Princeton  University,  Eller- 
bee has  focused  her  research  on  optical  co- 
herence tomography,  an  imaging  technique 
that  uses  infrared  light  to  produce  images  of 


Textbook  examples:  lending  a  hand  to  the  Iraqi  health-care  medical  initiative,  from  left,  seniors  Lauren  Garson  and  Kyle  White;  nursing  master's  student  Tina 
Goodpasture;  and  Marva  Price,  director  of  the  Family  Nurse  Practitioner  program  and  assistant  professor  of  nursing 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Organ  Rehab 


microscopic  structures.  Her  research  is  sup- 
ported by  a  National  Science  Foundation 
graduate  research  fellowship,  The  Duke  En- 
dowment, a  James  B.  Duke  fellowship,  and 
the  University  Scholars  Program.  She  serves 
as  president  of  the  Duke  Graduate  and  Pro- 
fessional Student  Council  and  is  a  member 
of  Duke's  Latin  dance  troupe. 

NSBE  executive  director  Carl  B.  Mack 
says  the  Golden  Torch  Awards  celebrate  out- 
standing achievement,  "but,  just  as  impor- 
tant, they  recognize  people  who  remember 
that  they  didn't  get  where  they  are  on  their 
own.  Our  award  winners  know  they  have  a 
responsibility  to  unlock  doors  for  others 
who  may  one  day  walk  across  the  stage." 

www.nsbe.org 


Duke  Chapel's  original  organ,  built  and  installed  in  1932  by  the  /Eolian  Organ  Company,  will  be  removed 
and  reconditioned  over  the  next  eighteen  months  before  being  reinstalled  in  late  2008. 
The  /Eolian  organ,  one  of  four  organs  in  the  chapel  and  the  one  that  accompanies  the  Chapel  Choir  and 
various  worship  services,  is  located  in  the  chancel.  "With  the  addition  of  a  new  console,  it  will  also  have 
an  enhanced  role  in  teaching,  recitals,  and  concerts," says  chapel  organist  David  Arcus. 

Although  the  /Eolian  received  minor  repairs  and  renovations  over  the  years,  the  organ  is  in  dire  need  of  a  major 
overhaul  after  more  than  seventy  years  of  consistent  use,  says  Duke  Chapel  organ  curator  John  Santoianni. 

"The  /Eolian  reminds  me  of  an  automobile  I  once  owned  which  looked  great,  but  needed  many  repairs,"San- 
toianni  says.  "You  could  not  tell  from  looking  at  the  outside  just  how  much  mechanical  work  was  needed." 

The  organ  will  be  named  for  Kathleen  Upton  Byrns  McClendon  '80  in  honor  of  a  $600,000  gift  that  she  and  her 
husband,  Aubrey  McClendon  '81 ,  made  for  the  project  in  2003.  While  the  instrument  is  out  of  service,  a  small  elec- 
trical organ  will  be  brought  in  for  temporary  use. 


Campus  Culture 
Initiative  Reports 


Duke  can  become  a  more  "inclusive 
academic  community"  by  making 
changes  in  its  curriculum,  housing 
system,  alcohol  policies,  and  other 
key  areas,  according  to  a  report  released  in 
February  by  the  Campus  Culture  Initiative 
Steering  Committee. 

The  committee,  one  of  five  groups  ap- 
pointed last  April  by  President  Richard  H. 
Brodhead  in  response  to  issues  raised  by  the 
lacrosse  party  of  March  13,  focused  on  un- 
dergraduate life.  In  its  report,  the  committee, 
chaired  by  Robert  Thompson,  vice  provost 
for  undergraduate  education  and  dean  of 
Trinity  College,  praised  Duke  for  "its  insti- 
tutional courage  not  to  shy  away  from  tough 
issues"  and  proposed  recommendations  that 
focus  on  six  areas:  curriculum  and  experien- 
tial learning;  faculty-student  interaction; 
dining  and  residential  and  social  life;  alco- 
hol; athletics;  and  admissions. 

In  the  academic  sphere,  the  committee 
called  for  a  sharper  curricular  focus  on  dif- 
ferences within  the  United  States  and  an 
expansion  of  experiential  learning  opportu- 
nities such  as  the  DukeEngage  program, 
also  announced  in  February.  The  commit- 
tee urged  measures  to  enhance  faculty-stu- 
dent interaction,  calling  for  "a  new  social 


March-April  2007 


Gazette 


ACROSS   THE   CAMPUS 


contract  between  the  university  and  the 
faculty"  and  renewed  efforts  to  recruit  wom- 
en and  minority  faculty  members. 

The  Duke  undergraduate  experience  is 
"grounded  in  the  context  of  a  residential 
experience,"  the  committee  said.  Yet,  par- 
ticularly on  West  Campus,  where  students 
move  in  their  sophomore  year,  "the  privi- 
lege given  to  selective  living  groups,  and  to 
men  in  particular,  affects  campus  culture 
disproportionately."  The  committee  called 
for  a  new  housing  system  that  would  limit 
the  number  of  students  who  may  request  to 
live  together.  It  also  urged  "significant 
improvements  to  residential,  dining,  and 
social  facilities,"  and  a  new  dining-services 


model  that  would  promote  a  sense  of  com- 
munity among  students. 

On  the  topic  of  alcohol,  the  committee 
said  drunkenness  is  more  of  a  problem  than 
drinking  per  se,  leading  to  bad  behaviors 
and  health  problems  for  individuals  and  to 
risks  to  the  university,  both  legal  and  in 
terms  of  its  reputation.  Social  life  at  Duke  is 
too  often  organized  around  drinking,  ac- 
cording to  the  committee,  and  "the  risk  of 
another  alcohol-related  death  in  the  Duke 
community  is  very  real."  Its  report  calls  on 
Duke  to  "re-orient  social  life  on  campus  to 
reduce  the  centrality  of  alcohol  and  enable 
more  non-alcohol  events  and  venues."  It 
also  recommends  clearer  university  policies 


for  dealing  with  alcohol,  better  prevention 
and  treatment  services,  and  improved  track- 
ing and  accountability. 

The  committee's  review  of  athletics  notes 
the  outstanding  record  of  Duke  student- 
athletes  in  both  competition  and  the  class- 
room, but  says  "strong  and  persistent  forces" 
nationally  are  making  it  harder  to  balance 
academics  and  athletics.  The  report  recom- 
mends that  Duke  decrease  practice  and 
travel  time  demands  on  its  student-athletes 
and  ensure  they  receive  appropriate  aca- 
demic support.  The  committee  also  calls  for 
stronger  ties  between  athletic  programs  and 
other  parts  of  the  university,  and  for  the 
admissions  office  to  reduce  the  number  of 


For  the  first  time  in  Duke  history,  a  bonfire  erupted  on  West  Campus  to  celebrate 
a  women's  varsity  basketball  victory- the  regular-season  finale,  a  67-62  win  over  UNC 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


athletes  admitted  near  the  low  end  of 
Duke's  academic  standards. 

Calling  athletics  a  "proud  Duke  tradi- 
tion," Brodhead  said,  "I  look  forward,  as  the 
report  does,  to  our  strong  continuing  partic- 
ipation in  Division  I  competition,  and  to 
striving  jointly  for  athletic  and  academic 
achievement.  Getting  the  balance  right  re- 
quires fine-tuning  and  knowledgeable  faculty 
advice  to  the  administration  and  trustees,  who 
have  final  oversight  of  athletics  policy." 

The  report's  final  set  of  recommenda- 
tions, on  admissions,  includes  increasing 
the  role  of  faculty  in  the  admissions  process, 
emphasizing  Duke's  commitment  to  diversi- 
ty in  its  recruitment  materials,  and  aggres- 
sively recruiting  international  students  and 
high-achieving  applicants  from  underrepre- 
sented  groups. 

The  committee  noted  that  some  of  its 
recommendations,  such  as  expanding  oppor- 
tunities for  student  civic  engagement,  al- 
ready are  being  implemented,  while  others 
have  significant  policy  or  budgetary  impli- 
cations that  require  further  review. 

The  report  received  a  mixed  review  on 
campus.  In  several  editorials,  The  Chronicle 
expressed  concerns  that  "the  CCI's  recom- 
mendations were  developed  more  as  a  re- 
sponse to  the  lacrosse  case  than  out  of  an 
earnest  attempt  at  institutional  improve- 
ment." The  paper  complained  about  the 
possible  "marginalizing"  of  selective  groups. 
It  also  criticized  the  recommendation  that 
the  university  should  "raise  the  low  end  of 
admissions  standards,  including  those  for 
legacies,  development  candidates,  and  ath- 
letes," contending  that  such  steps  would 
threaten  the  Duke  "brand." 

"The  important  thing  now  is  to  have  the 
conversation  the  report  is  meant  to  launch," 
Brodhead  said  in  a  message  responding  to 
the  report.  "None  of  its  recommendations  is 
a  'done  deal.'  Nor  should  any  of  its  sugges- 
tions be  off  the  table.  This  is  a  time  for  vig- 
orous debate,  which  is  a  healthy  thing  in  a 
university."  Provost  Peter  Lange  will  lead 
the  effort  of  considering  the  report  and  the 
issues  it  raises. 

http://www.dukenews.duke.edu/ 
reports/ccireport.pdf 


Lifetime  Achievement  Celebrated 


ohn  Hope  Franklin  Hon.  '98,  James  B.  Duke  Professor  Emeritus  of  history,  was  awarded  the  2006 
John  W.  Kluge  Prize  for  the  Study  of  Humanity.  The  $1  million  prize,  divided  between  Franklin  and 
historian  Yu  Ying-Shih  this  year,  is  given  annually  for  lifetime  achievement  in  the  wide  range  of 
disciplines  not  covered  by  the  Nobel  Prize,  including  history,  philosophy,  politics,  anthropology, 

sociology,  religion,  linguistics,  and  criticism  in  the  arts  and  humanities.  The  award  is  endowed  by  Library 

of  Congress  benefactor  John  W.  Kluge. 
Franklin  and  Yu  were  noted  as  playing  key  roles  in  bringing  previously  neglected  aspects  of  American 

and  Chinese  culture,  respectively,  into  the  mainstream  of  the  scholarship  and  public  consciousness.  They 

were  recognized  for  the  lasting  impact  research  has  had  on  history  and  the  way  it  is  studied. 
"Dr.  Franklin  is  the  leading  scholar  in  the  establishment  of  African-American  history  as  a  key  area  in 

the  professional  study  of  American  history  in  the  second  half  of  the  twentieth  century/'says  James  H. 

Billington  Hon.  '95,  the  Librarian  of  Congress.  "The  transformation  he  has  helped  bring  about  in  how  we 

think  about  American  history  and  society  will  stand  as  his  lasting  intellectual  legacy." 


March-April  2007 


Gazette 


STATE   OF  THE   ARTS 


wmmm. 


Selections  from  the  Rare  Book,  Manuscript,  and  Special  Collections  Library 


Recent  highly  publicized 
thefts  of  early  maps  from 
Yale  University's  Beinecke 
Library,  the  New  York  Public 
Library,  and  other  libraries  by  E.  Forbes 
Smiley  III  have  highlighted  the  value  of 
works  such  as  the  monumental  world 


atlas  published  by  Joan  Blaeu  between 
1648and1655. 

Known  as  the  Novus  Atlas  or 
Theatrum  Orbis  Terrarum,  this  ambi- 
tious atlas,  a  set  of  which  Duke 
acquired  in  the  1 940s,  comprises  six 
folio  volumes.  The  maps  are  interna- 


Broadway  Bound? 


Imperialism,  racism,  forbidden  love,  and 
conflict  in  Central  Asia  were  played  out 
onstage  in  The  Great  Game,  a  Theater 
Previews  at  Duke  production  that  pre- 
miered in  Reynolds  Theater  in  February. 


tional  in  scope,  covering  Europe, 
Russia,  Southeast  Asia,  Africa,  North 
and  South  America  (with  important 
early  maps  of  Virginia  and  Florida),  and 
with  a  large  section  on  China.  The  fifth 
volume,  devoted  to  Scotland  and 
Ireland,  is  noteworthy  because  it  is  the 
first  atlas  of  Scotland  ever  published. 

As  a  group,  the  six  volumes  are  sig- 
nificant because  they  include  several 
maps  of  individual  importance  and 
because  of  the  large  amount  of  carto- 
graphic information  accumulated  in  a 
single  work.  Blaeu  sold  the  Novus  Atlas 
across  Europe  in  editions  translated 
from  the  Dutch  into  German,  French, 
and  Latin,  even  though  it  was  well 
known  when  the  atlas  was  published 
that  many  of  the  maps  were  more  than 
fifty  years  out  of  date. 

Buyers  were  willing  to  overlook  any 
cartographic  deficiencies  because  the 
Novus  Atlas  enjoyed  the  cachet  of  a 
prestigious  publication.  Its  full  vellum 
publisher's  binding,  eleganttypogra- 
phy,  fine  paper,  and  large  double-page 
engraved  and  hand-colored  maps 
appealed  to  a  wealthy  audience 
throughout  Europe  and  made  it  one  of 
the  most  expensive  publications  of  its 
day.  John  Milton,  the  English  poet,  in 
considering  the  purchase  of  a  set,  com- 
plained thaf'such  is  the  present  rage 
for  typographical  luxury  that  the  furni- 
ture of  a  library  hardly  costs  less  than 
that  of  a  villa." 

http://library.duke.edu/ 
specialcollections/ 


Tony-nominated  Broadway  director  Wil- 
son Milam  directed  a  professional  cast  in 
the  play,  written  by  D.  Tucker  Smith. 

The  Great  Game  incorporates  themes  with 
"an  eerie  parallel  to  the  geopolitics  of  today," 
says  Zannie  Giraud  Voss,  producing  director 
of  Theater  Previews  at  Duke.  "The  strategic 


importance  of  Afghanistan  and  Pakistan  is  at 
the  crux  of  the  conflict  in  this  story." 

"The  Great  Game"  is  a  phrase  coined  in 
the  nineteenth  century  to  describe  the  cat- 
and-mouse  conflict  between  Great  Britain 
and  Russia  for  supremacy  in  Central  Asia. 
The  historical  conflict  is  the  backdrop  for 
the  play.  Set  in  the  spring  of  1870,  the  story 
focuses  on  the  aristocratic  Hayward  family's 
struggles  to  accept  their  son  George's  new 
wife,  an  Indian  woman  named  Safia. 

While  the  family  copes  with  the  culture 
clash,  Safia  struggles  to  win  over  the  Lon- 
don aristocracy  in  her  quest  to  help  George, 
who  has  undertaken  a  dangerous  expedition 
to  map  parts  of  Central  Asia.  George  Hay- 
ward  and  two  of  the  other  characters  in  the 
play  are  based  on  historical  figures.  Hay- 
ward  was  an  explorer  who  died  attempting 
to  map  the  Pamir  Mountains. 

Theater  Previews  at  Duke  is  the  profes- 
sional producing  arm  of  the  Department  of 
Theater  Studies.  Its  mission  is  to  bring  guest 
professionals  from  around  the  country  to 
campus  to  develop  new  plays. 

The  program  benefits  both  university  and 
artists  and  provides  the  community  with  a 
chance  to  see  major  plays  before  they  hit 
New  York,  Voss  says.  "Developing  new  work 
for  the  American  theater  is  a  great  fit  for  a 
research  university  like  ours." 


18 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


m\ 


Psychology  Department's 
"Artist  in  Residence" 

Irwin  Kremen,  an  assistant  professor  emer- 
itus of  psychology,  is  known  almost  as 
well  for  his  art  as  for  the  academic  career 
that  has  been  his  primary  occupation. 

This  spring,  "Irwin  Kremen:  Beyond 
Black  Mountain  (1996-2006),"  a  retrospec- 
tive featuring  more  than  160  of  the  artist's 
works,  opened  at  the  Nasher  Museum  of 
Art.  The  exhibition,  which  will  run  through 
June  19,  comprises  collages,  paintings,  and 
sculpture  that  span  the  forty  years  that 
Kremen  has  been  making  art — since  he  be- 
gan in  earnest  at  age  forty-one,  three  years 
into  his  teaching  career  at  Duke.  On  April 
29,  Kremen  will  lecture  on  a  series  of  eleven 
collages  included  in  the  exhibition  that 
relate  to  images  of  the  Holocaust. 

Many  of  Kremen's  collages  consist  of 
scraps  of  weathered  paper  he  gathered  dur- 
ing overseas  travels.  His  sculptures,  often 
large  in  scale,  are  composed  of  iron,  saw 
blades,  and  steel,  among  other  materials. 

Kremen's  career  as  part-scholar,  part-ar- 
tist actually  began  years  before  he  joined 
the  Duke  faculty,  years  before  he  considered 
psychology  an  interest,  much  less  a  career 
choice.  He  dropped  out  of  Northwestern 
University  after  three  years  and  worked  as  a 
reporter  and  a  columnist  for  a  local  newspa- 
per before  moving  to  New  York.  There,  he 
read  an  article  about  Black  Mountain  Col- 
lege, an  art  school  near  Asheville,  North 


Carolina.  "I  immediately  got  on  the  train 
and  went  down  there,"  he  said  in  a  2000 
Duke  Magazine  profile,  "and  I  decided  that 
was  the  place  for  me  to  go." 

At  Black  Mountain,  he  concentrated  on 
his  writing,  forming  a  close  relationship 
with  teacher  M.C.  Richards,  a  writer  and 
potter.  In  1951  in  New  York,  Richards  in- 
troduced him  to  celebrated  artists  associat- 
ed with  Black  Mountain — John  Cage,  David 
Tutor,  and  Merce  Cunningham — all  of  whom 
became  close  friends  and  eventually  ardent 
supporters. 

Later,  after  Kremen  had  discovered  his  love 
for  psychology  and  made  his  start  along  an 
academic  career  path,  Richards  pushed  him 
to  turn  his  attention  to  collage  making.  What 
began  in  the  late  1960s  as  a  personal  experi- 
ment would  morph  into  a  lifelong  pursuit. 

Kremen's  debut  exhibit  was  organized  by 
the  Smithsonian  Institution's  National  Col- 
lection in  1978;  since  then,  his  work  has 
been  shown  in  more  than  thirty  venues  at 
museums  and  art  centers  nationally  and 
abroad.  "The  Art  of  Irwin  Kremen,"  an  ex- 
hibition consisting  of  seventy-three  col- 


lages and  seventeen  metal  sculptures,  was 
displayed  at  the  Nasher's  predecessor,  the 
Duke  University  Museum  of  Art,  in  1990. 

www.nasher.duke.edu 

www.dukemagazine.duke.edu/alumni/ 

dm30/collage.html 

Science  Fiction  Meets  High  Art 

Popular  science  fiction  and  critically 
acclaimed  "art"  cinema  are  generally 
considered  to  be  at  opposite  ends  of 
the  film  spectrum.  But  the  two  often 
overlap  in  ways  not  always  recognized  by 
their  respective  fans. 

"They  Came  From  Beyond,"  an  interna- 
tional science-fiction  film  series  put  on  this 
semester  by  Screen/Society  and  the  Center 
for  International  Studies,  aims  to  highlight 
the  best  of  both  worlds. 

By  showing  the  work  of  high-profile  direc- 
tors who  are  known  best  for  their  non-sci- 
ence fiction  films,  Hank  Okazaki,  exhibitions 
programmer  for  Duke's  Film/Video/Digital 
Program,  who  helped  organize  the  series, 
says  he  hopes  to  "get  fans  of  high-art  cinema 
to  understand  that  science  fiction  is  more 
than  just  a  cousin  to  cheap  horror  films. 

"On  the  other  hand,  science-fiction  fans 
may  not  understand  the  way  in  which  the 
genre  has  been  pushed  into  new  philosophi- 


March-April  2007 


19 


Gazette 


STATE   OF   THE   ARTS 

IV^HS 

wP' -: 

**sfcji  ^^^^B 

K      -  - 

'■'■'-  ■••■/$!■ 

PAI  1  CDV 

uALLtKY 

Selections  from  the  Nasher  Museum  of  Art 

^.  ^u 

ead  of a  King  is  one  of 

was  severely  damaged  dur- 

s&-\jj?^&> *  1 

three  sculptures  from 

ing  the  French  Revolution, 

the  museum's 

and  the  sculptures  on  the 

&£y        -   a  sJKH 

Brummer  Collection 

front  portal  were  mutilated 

t^V^M 

that  were  in  an  important  exhibition 

or  destroyed,  their  heads 

this  winter  at  the  Metropolitan 

struck  down. 

iJa^^'S      ^H 

Museum  of  Art  in  New  York,  "Set  in 

The  exhibition  in  New 

LlwBflr>v^fl 

Stone:  The  Face  in  Medieval  Sculpture." 

York  provided  an  opportuni- 

Duke's Head  of  a  King,  which  dates  from 

ty  for  the  Metropolitan 

about  1150  (early  French  Gothic  peri- 
od), has  long  attracted  attention  for 

Museum's  research  team 

underthe  supervision  of  Charles  T.  Little, 

chair  of  the  art  department  of  Queens 

the  exquisite  beauty  of  its  carving,  with 

the  curator  of  medieval  art,  to  conduct 

College  in  New  York  and  a  member  of 

the  large,  almond-shaped  eyes,  sensi- 

neutron-activation analysis  in  which  a 

the  Metropolitan's  exhibition  research 

tively  delineated  hair  and  beard,  and 

one-gram  sample  of  the  stone  was 

team,  linked  the  Nasher  head  to  an 

the  crisscross  patterning  on  its  crown. 

bombarded  with  neutrons  in  a  nuclear 

engraved  sketch  of  the  Saint-Germain- 

New  research  on  the  Nasher  piece, 

reactor.  The  emitted  gamma  rays  were 

des-Pres  facade  created  seventy  years 

using  a  combination  of  nuclear  science 

then  analyzed  to  identify  and  measure 

before  the  revolution,  when  the 

and  art-historical  sleuthing,  has  pro- 

trace elements  in  the  stone  and  com- 

sculptures were  still  intact.  The  Head 

duced  stunning  results:  The  Head  of  a 

pared  with  other  works  similarly  studied, 

of  a  King  provides  important  new 

King  is  the  only  surviving  head  from  a 

to  discover  the  source  of  the  limestone. 

insights  into  what  the  other  sculptures, 

group  of  sculptures  depicting  the  kings 

It  was  determined  that  the  Head  of 

lost  more  than  two  centuries  ago, 

of  France  that  once  adorned  the  facade 

a  King  had  been  carved  from  limestone 

must  have  looked  like. 

of  the  royal  abbey  of  Saint-Germain- 

quarried  in  Charenton,  now  a  Paris 

des-Pres  in  the  heart  of  Paris.  The  abbey 

suburb.  Subsequently,  William  Clark, 

http://nasher.duke.edu 

Head  of  a  King,  mid-12th  century,  Abbey  Church  of 
Saint-Germain-des-Pres,  Paris.  Carved  limestone, 
9  V>.  inches  tall.  Brummer  Collection  of  Medieval  and 
Renaissance  Art 

cal  dimensions  by  directors  like  [Andrei] 
Tarkovsky,  [Jean-Luc]  Godard,  and  [Werner] 
Herzog,"  he  adds. 

Okazaki  co-organized  the  series  with  Rob 
Sikorski,  executive  director  for  the  Center 
for  International  Studies.  Both  are  film  buffs. 

The  series  kicked  off  in  January  with  a 
showing  of  Tarkovsky 's  1972  classic,  Solaris. 
That  was  followed  by  a  double  feature  of 
1960s  French  New  Wave  films,  Chris  Marker's 
La]etee  and  Jean-Luc  Godard's  Alphaville. 

On  Valentine's  Day,  the  feature  was  Sex 
Mission,  a  Polish  science-fiction/comedy 
farce  from  1984,  which  tells  the  story  of  two 
men  who  volunteer  for  an  experiment  in 
which  they  are  frozen  to  be  awakened  three 
years  later.  Instead,  they  wake  up  fifty  years 
later  after  a  disaster  has  wiped  out  all  men, 
leaving  only  women. 

The  series  continued  in  March  with  Al- 
eksey  Fedorchenko's  First  on  the  Moon  and 
Werner  Herzog's  Wild  Blue  Yonder,  two  2005 
films  that  focus  on  the  Cold  War  "space 
race"  between  the  U.S.  and  the  U.S.S.R.  It 
wraps  up  on  April  25,  the  last  day  of  classes 
for  the  spring  semester,  with  the  Japanese  film 
Godzilla.  The  film  will  be  shown  in  its  origi- 
nal form,  without  the  voice-overs  and  re- 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


DUKE 


UPDATE 

H 

"Staking  Claims  in 

Cyberspace,"  Duke  Magazine 

,  September-October  2003 

^i\^ 

A         s  a  scholar,  James  D. 

page  of  The  New  York  Times  and  sparked      and  contemporary  conflicts,  the  book 

/\       Boyle,  William  Neal 

a  New  Yorker  feature  story. 

as  its  share  of  drama.  There  are  mur- 

i        ■ 

/     %     Reynolds  Professor  of 

The  extraordinary  level  of  interest  in     ders,  cover-ups,  and  illicit  love  affairs, 

^^^^^^^^^^^B 

JL        JL  law,  focuses  primarily 

the  event,  as  well  as  the  nature  of  the       as  well  as  plagiarism,  arson,  and  profes- 

real  sense  that  this  is  a  wrong  that 

on  intellectual-property  law.  At  a 

conspiracy  theories  he  unearthed  in         sional  disgrace.  Boyle's  real  interest  is  in 

needs  to  be  vindicated — that  Shakes- 

Duke Magazine  campus  forum  in  2003, 

preparing  his  brief — and  the  vehe-         the  motivations  behind  both  Shakes- 

peare  was  either  a  front  man  who  was 

he  discussed  his  work  protecting  the 

mence  with  which  they  were  put  forth 

earean  defenders  and  the  "heretics" — 

never  supposed  to  keep  the  credit,  or  a 

"intellectual  ecology"of  the  public 

by  their  proponents — inspired  Boyle        the  name  proudly  worn  by  those  who  do 

necessary  illusion  supposed  to  be 

domain.  Last  year,  with  two  others,  he 

to  write  The  Shakespeare  Chronicles:  A 

ot  believe  William  from  Stratford  was 

uncovered  in  time — that  the  true 

published  a  legal  comic  book  about  the 

Novel,  a  literary  mystery  about  one          the  true  author. 

author  was  compelled  for  some  reason 

interface  of  copyright  and  documen- 

man's obsessive  search  for  the  true 

"On  the  heretical  side,  there  is  a 

to  conceal  his  identity  during  his  life- 

tary film. 

author  of  Shakespeare's  works.              i 

time,  but  left  clues  for  the  truth  eventu- 

But his  latest  project  harks  back  to 

The  Shakespeare  Chronicles  jumps        j 

ally  to  emerge." 

an  interest  he's  long  pursued  on  the 

between  Elizabethan  England  and  a        j 

Boyle  spent  many  years  crafting  The 

side.  In  1987,  Boyle  argued  in  a  public 

contemporary  love  affair,  following          \ 

Shakespeare  Chronicles.  "It  was  some- 

mock trial  before  a  panel  consisting  of 

English  professor  Stanley  Quandary  on      j 

thing  I  kept  coming  back  to.  The  stories 

Supreme  Court  Justices  William  H.  Bren- 

his  quest  for  the  real  Shakespeare.           j 

are  so  good,  the  conspiracies  and  in- 

nan Jr.,  Harry  A.  Blackmun,  and  John 

Quandary's  interest  is  sparked  by  a          j 

trigues  so  labyrinthine  that  I  really  felt 

Paul  Stevens,  900  observers,  and  a  na- 

bizarrely detailed  series  of  historical         j 

it  needed  a  novel,  rather  than  a  history 

tional  television  audience,  that  William 

dreams.  His  growing  obsession  leads        i 

book." 

Shakespeare,  and  not  Edward  de  Vere, 

him  to  travel  to  Britain  to  find  the  truth     ' 

The  book  is  available  in  hardcover, 

the  seventeenth  Earl  of  Oxford,  was  the 

his  research  suggests — in  Shakes-          ] 

in  paperback,  and  as  an  eBook. 

true  author  of  the  Shakespearean  canon. 

peare's  tomb  if  necessary.                     i 

The  mock  trial  was  covered  on  the  front 

Between  Elizabethan  conspiracies       ! 

www.shakespearechronicles.com 

shot  scenes  that  were  originally  added  for 
American  audiences. 

Godzilla  in  some  ways  straddles  the  inter- 
section of  the  science-fiction  and  art  gen- 
res. Since  its  re-release,  with  original  footage 
restored  and  "cheesy"  voice-overs  replaced 
by  English  subtitles,  some  critics  have  begun 
to  embrace  the  film  as  "a  serious,  great  film 
about  the  worries  of  the  nuclear  age,  a 
thought-provoking  reflection  on  the  possi- 
bility of  mutually  assured  destruction," 
Okazaki  says. 

Screen/Society,  which  cosponsors  several 
campus  film  series  throughout  the  year,  first 
gained  a  foothold  at  Duke  in  the  early  1990s, 
founded  by  a  group  of  graduate  students 
who  wanted  to  show  and  see  films  that 
weren't  available  elsewhere.  The  group  lan- 
guished in  the  late  1990s,  but  was  brought 
back  as  an  official  arm  of  Film/Video/Digital 
in  2001  to  provide  the  logistical  support 
necessary  to  put  on  film  series.  All  films  are 
free  to  the  public. 


Dance  Infusion 


In  his  latest  work,  South  African  dancer 
and  choreographer  Vincent  Mantsoe 
combines,  as  he  often  does,  traditional 
African  and  contemporary  global  dance 
styles  using  his  own  style,  which  he  de- 
scribes as  Afro-fusion.  The  work,  called  Men- 
Jaro,  or  "friendship"  in  township  slang,  was 
performed  in  March  in  Page  Auditorium. 

It  featured  an  international  ensemble  of 
dancers  and  the  music  of  South  African 
composer  Anthony  Caplan,  performed  by 
the  African  Music  Workshop  Ensemble, 
South  Africa's  first  professional  orchestra  to 
play  only  indigenous  instruments. 

Mantsoe  grew  up  in  Soweto,  South  Africa, 

practicing  street  dances  in  local  clubs.  He 

later  received  formal  dance  training  at  Jo- 

„  hannesburg's  Moving  Into  Dance  and  stud- 

|  ied  Asian  forms  such  as  Tai  Chi,  martial  arts, 

a  and  traditional  Balinese  dance. 


March-April  2007 


21 


RESEARCH   FRONTIERS 


Identifying  Altruism's  Source 

Altruism  describes  the  tendency  of  peo- 
ple to  act  in  ways  that  put  the  wel- 
fare of  others  ahead  of  their  own. 
But  why  do  they  do  this? 

The  answer  is  unclear,  says  Dharol  Tank- 
ersley, a  graduate  student  in  the  laboratory 
of  associate  professor  of  biological  psychia- 
try Scott  A.  Huettel  Ph.D.  '99 
at  the  Brain  Imaging  and 
Analysis  Center.  Tankersley  is 
lead  investigator  on  a  study  that 
shows  that  activation  of  a  par- 
ticular brain  region  predicts 
whether  people  tend  to  be  self- 
ish or  altruistic. 

"Although  understanding  the 
function  of  this  brain  region  may 
not  necessarily  identify  what 
drives  people  like  Mother  Te- 
resa, it  may  give  clues  to  the  ori- 
gins of  important  social  behav- 
iors like  altruism,"  Huettel  says. 
Results  of  the  study  were  pub- 
lished in  the  journal  Nature  Neu- 
roscience. 

In  the  study,  researchers 
scanned  the  brains  of  forty-five 
people  while  they  either  played  a 
computer  game  or  watched  the 
computer  play  the  game  on  its 
own.  In  both  cases,  successful 
playing  of  the  game  earned 
money  for  a  charity  of  the  study 
participant's  choice.  Brain  scans 
revealed  that  a  region  of  the 
brain  called  the  posterior  superi- 
or temporal  sulcus  was  activated 
to  a  greater  degree  when  people 
perceived  an  action — that  is, 
when  they  watched  the  computer  play  the 
game — than  when  they  acted  themselves, 
Tankersley  says.  This  region,  which  lies  in 
the  top  and  back  portion  of  the  brain,  is 
generally  activated  when  the  mind  is  trying 
to  figure  out  social  relationships. 

The  researchers  then  characterized  the 
participants  as  more  or  less  altruistic,  based 
on  their  responses  to  questions  about  how 
often  they  engaged  in  different  helping  be- 
haviors, and  compared  the  participants' 


brain  scans  with  their  estimated  level  of 
altruistic  behavior.  The  scans  showed 
that  increased  activity  in  the  posterior 
superior  temporal  sulcus  strongly  predict- 
ed a  person's  likelihood  of  engaging  in 
altruistic  behavior. 

According  to  the  researchers,  the 
results  suggest  that  altruistic  behavior 
may  originate  from  how  people  view  the 


world  rather  than  how  they  act  in  it. 
They  suggest  that  studying  the  brain  sys- 
tems that  allow  people  to  see  the  world  as 
a  series  of  meaningful  interactions  may 
ultimately  help  further  understanding  of 
disorders,  such  as  autism  or  antisocial 
behavior,  that  are  characterized  by  defi- 
cits in  interpersonal  interactions. 

www.nature.com/neuro/journal/vl0/n2/ 
full/nn0207-137.html 


New  Immigrant  Entrepreneurs 

In  the  U.S.,  immigrants  are  often  blamed 
for  decreasing  wages  and  lost  employ- 
ment opportunities,  or,  in  some  cases, 
characterized  largely  as  unskilled  work- 
ers who  necessarily  fill  the  low-wage,  labor- 
intensive  jobs  that  no  one  else  wants. 

But  a  new  study  conducted  by  a  student 
, .  ,  research  team  at  Duke's  Master 

of  Engineering  Management 
Program  (MEM)  presents  im- 
migrants in  a  different  light, 
providing  fuller  context  to  the 
nation's  immigration  debate. 
According  to  the  research- 
ers, immigrant  entrepreneurs 
founded  25.3  percent  of  the  ' 
U.S.  engineering  and  technol- 
ogy companies  established  in 
the  past  decade.  What's  more, 
foreign  nationals — those  liv- 
ing in  the  U.S.  who  are  not 
citizens — contributed  an  esti- 
mated 24.2  percent  of  inter- 
national patent  applications 
in  2006. 

"To  sustain  our  economic 
and  global  competitiveness, 
America  needs  to  focus  on  its 
many  strengths,"  says  Vivek 
Wadhwa,  executive  in  resi- 
dence for  the  MEM  program. 
"One  of  these  is  our  ability  to 
attract   and    assimilate    the 
world's  best  and  brightest." 
|  Wadhwa  himself  is  an  immi- 
I  grant  who  has  co-founded  two 
|  technology  companies. 
|      The  study  builds  on  re- 
=  search  published  in  1999  by 
AnnaLee  Saxenian,  a  professor  and  dean  at 
the  University  of  California  at  Berkeley, 
that  focused  on  the  development  of  Silicon 
Valley's  regional  economy  and  the  roles  of 
immigrant  capital  and  labor  in  this  process. 
Saxenian  assisted  with  the  project. 

Almost  26  percent  of  all  immigrant-found- 
ed companies  in  the  past  ten  years  were 
founded  by  Indian  immigrants,  researchers 
found.  Immigrants  from  the  United  King-  | 
dom,  China,  and  Taiwan  contributed  to  7.1  -3 


22 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Hocus 


RESEARCH   FRONTIERS 


'  4^"^  ~tP  » 

COMPSCI 49S:  Google:  The  Computer  Science 

Within  and  Its  Impact  on  Society 

A         s  search  engines  go, 

phytes.  The  course  is  brand-new,  and  in 

/\      Google  sets  the  stan- 

the  spirit  of  an  egalitarian  tech  start- 

/    %     dard  for  visual  simplic- 

up,  Babu  is  developing  assignments  as 

1 

JL         JL.  ity.  While  many  of  its 

the  course  goes  along;  he  has  assigned 

a 

competitors  bombard  customers  with 

each  of  his  eighteen  students  to  teach 

entertainment  news  and  stock  prices, 

class  for  a  day.  Their  topics  range  from 

Science  Foundation  Early  CAREER 

Google's  homepage  features  little  more 

the  emergence  of  meta-search  engines 

Award  in  January  for  his  work  on  the 

than  a  colorful  logo  and  expanses  of 

(which  compile  the  results  of  searches 

Ques  project  on  Querying  and 

white  space.  But  sophisticated  technol- 

conducted by  numerous  search  engines 

Controlling  System.  Babu's  current 

ogy  hides  beneath  the  austere  design, 

at  once)  to  the  economics  of  Internet 

research  focuses  on  managing  data- 

says assistant  professor  of  computer 

advertisements. 

base  systems,  and  is  supported  by 

science  Shivnath  Babu,  who  explains 

During  one  February  class  meeting, 

grants  from  Duke  and  IBM. 

that  the  $140  billion  company  employs 

a  student  presents  a  PowerPoint  on  the 

artificial  intelligence  and  closely 

challenge  Google  poses  to  museums  and 

Prerequisites 

guarded  data-mining  algorithms  to 

other  institutions  that  store  massive 

Must  be  a  Duke  freshman 

improve  its  customers'  searches  for 

amounts  of  intellectual  property.  Babu 

Readings 

"pizza  delivery  durham"and"anna 

explains  that  today's  sophisticated 

karenina  cliffs  notes." 

crawlers  can  unearth  information  that 

John  Battelle,  The  Search: How Google 

Larry  Page  and  Sergey  Brin 

the  hosts  of  webpages  might  not  want 

and  Its  Rivals  Rewrote  the  Rules  of  Busi- 

launched Google.com  in  1998,  after 

available  in  the  public  domain.  (Also, 

ness  and  Transformed  Our  Culture 

failing  to  persuade  several  companies 

some  crawlers  consume  so  much  band- 

Soumen Chakrabarti,  Mining  The  Web: 

to  buy  their  search  technology.  "At  that 

width  while  caching  a  webpage  that 

Analysis  of  Hypertext  and  Semi  Struc- 

time, all  these  companies  were  trying 

they  can  crash  a  site  outright.)  Ironically, 

tured  Data 

to  become  portals,"  Babu  says.  "Search 

Babu  points  out  that  Page  and  Brin 

Amy  N.  Langville  and  Carl  D.  Meyer, 
Google's  PageRank  and  Beyond 

was  only  part  of  the  game."  Babu,  who 

never  published  the  details  of  their 

came  to  Duke  in  2005  after  earning  his 

work  in  an  academic  journal,  because 

Ph.D.  in  computer  science  from 

they  feared  that  a  competitor  might 

David  Vise  and  Mark  Malseed,  The 

Stanford,  knows  of  what  he  speaks.  As 

steal  their  technology.  It  seems  the 

Google  Story 

a  graduate  student,  he  was  a  member 

godfathers  of  free-flowing  information 

Readings  from  research  publications, 

of  the  same  Database  Group — now 

understood  its  risks  from  the  get-go. 

the  Internet,  and  the  popular  press 

called  the  Stanford  Infolab — where 

Page  and  Brin  developed  Google's 

Professor 

Assignments 

search  algorithms  as  Frisbee-tossing 

Shivnath  Babu  earned  a  B.Tech  in  com- 

Quizzes 

doctoral  candidates  in  the  late  1990s. 

puter  science  and  engineering  from  the 

Leading  a  class  discussion 

Now  Babu  is  leading  a  freshman 

Indian  Institute  of  Technology  Madras 

seminar  designed  to  teach  the  history, 

in  1999,  and  received  his  Ph.D.  in  com- 

Class participation 

technology,  and  ethical  issues  behind 

puter  science  from  Stanford  University 

Frequent  homework 

Google  to  computer-science  neo- 

in 2005.  He  was  awarded  a  National 

—Jared  Mueller '09 

percent,  6.9  percent,  and  5.8  percent  of  all 
immigrant-founded  businesses,  respectively. 
These  businesses  were  unevenly  located 
across  the  country.  California  and  New  Jer- 
sey represented  hot  spots  for  engineering  and 
technology  businesses  founded  by  immi- 
grants; Washington  and  Ohio  possessed  rel- 


atively low  percentages  of  such  businesses. 

In  a  special  analysis  of  technology  centers 
in  Silicon  Valley,  California,  and  Research 
Triangle  Park,  North  Carolina,  the  re- 
searchers found  that  immigrants  play  key 
roles  in  even  larger  numbers  of  businesses. 

"In  places  like  Silicon  Valley,  we  see  the 


compounding  impacts  of  immigrant  social 
and  technical  networks,"  Saxenian  says. 
"Successful  entrepreneurs  not  only  contri- 
bute to  the  regional  economy  but  also  be- 
come powerful  role  models  and  mentors, 
attracting  subsequent  generations  of  immi- 
grants to  the  area." 

After  completing  an  analysis  of  the  World 
Intellectual  Property  Organization  Patent 
Cooperation  Treaty  database  for  interna- 
tional patent  applications  filed  in  the  U.S., 
the  researchers  estimated  that  foreign  na- 
tionals residing  in  the  U.S.  were  named  as 
inventors  or  co-inventors  in  24-2  percent  of 
such  international  patent  applications  in 
2006.  This  percentage  increased  dramati- 
cally from  7.3  percent  in  1998  and  does  not 
include  immigrants  who  became  U.S.  citi- 
zens before  filing  a  patent  application.  The 
largest  group  of  contributors  was  of  Chinese 
origin.  They  were  followed  by  Indians,  Ca- 
nadians, and  British. 

The  team  of  eighteen  students  from  the 
MEM  program  was  led  by  Wadhwa,  research 
scholar  Ben  Rissing  M.E.M  '06,  and  Gary 
Gereffi,  director  of  the  Center  for  Glo- 
balization, Governance  &  Competitiveness 
and  a  professor  of  sociology. 

memp.pratt.duke.edu/downloads/ 
americas_new_immigrant_entrepreneurs.pdf 

Protecting  Against  Disease 

Scientists  at  Duke  Medical  Center  are 
leading  a  national  effort  to  develop 
the  next  generation  of  vaccines,  treat- 
ments, and  diagnostic  tests  to  pro- 
tect citizens  against  diseases  such  as  avian 
flu,  SARS,  and  West  Nile  virus  and  against 
the  potential  impact  of  a  terrorist  attack  in 
which  biological  agents  such  as  anthrax  or 
smallpox  could  be  released. 

At  the  heart  of  this  effort  is  a  regional 
biocontainment  laboratory  funded  by  the 
National  Institutes  of  Health  and  dedicated 
in  February — the  first  of  thirteen  labs 
planned  to  open  nationwide. 

"Our  goal  is  to  protect  the  public  from 
biological  threats,  whether  they  occur  natu- 
rally or  are  propagated  by  a  terrorist  act," 
says  Richard  Frothingham  M.D.  '82,  associ- 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


ate  professor  of  medicine  and  director  of  the 
Global  Health  Research  Building,  where 
the  lab  is  located. 

"Because  we  live  in  a  global  society,  in- 
fections that  arise  anywhere  in  the  world 
can  quickly  become  relevant  to  us,"  Froth- 
ingham  says.  "We  may  think  of  them  as  far 
away,  but  they  do  affect  us  locally." 

In  addition  to  housing  specialized  re- 
search equipment,  the  facility  will  provide 
resources  during  public-health  crises,  such 
as  a  flu  pandemic,  when  local  diagnostic  la- 
boratories may  be  overwhelmed.  The  build- 
ing also  will  serve  as  a  venue  for  educational 
programs  in  community  safety,  infectious 
disease,  immunology,  and  public  health. 

humanvaccine.duke.edu 

Easy  on  the  Joints 

Using  a  unique  weaving  machine  of 
their  design,  Duke  Medical  Center 
researchers  have  created  a  three- 
dimensional  fabric  "scaffold"  that 
could  greatly  improve  the  ability  of  physi- 
cians to  repair  cartilage  in  damaged  joints 
using  a  patient's  own  stem  cells. 

Cartilage  is  a  type  of  connective  tissue  that 
lines  the  ends  of  bones,  providing  cushion- 
ing and  a  smooth  surface  for  their  move- 
ment within  the  joint.  Damage  to  cartilage 
can  be  very  painful  and  is  difficult  for  doc- 
tors to  treat  because  the  tissue  lacks  a  supply 
of  blood,  nerve,  and  lymph,  and  has  limited 
capacity  for  repair. 

Strategies  currently  in  use  for  treating 
cartilage  damage  include  surgery  and  im- 
plants. In  some  cases  doctors  can  remove 
cartilage  cells  from  patients  and  then  "grow" 
them  in  a  laboratory  to  form  new  cartilage. 
But  it  can  take  several  months  to  grow  a 
piece  of  cartilage  large  enough  to  be  im- 
planted back  into  the  patient,  and  often, 
this  laboratory-grown  cartilage  is  not  as 
durable  as  native  cartilage. 

In  laboratory  tests,  the  fabric  scaffold  that 
the  researchers  have  created  had  the  same 
mechanical  properties  as  native  cartilage. 
In  the  near  future,  surgeons  will  be  able  to 
impregnate  custom-designed  scaffolds  with 
cartilage-forming  stem  cells  and  chemicals 


that  stimulate  their  growth,  and  then 
implant  them  into  patients  during  a  single 
procedure,  the  researchers  say. 

"By  taking  a  synthetic  material  that  al- 
ready has  the  properties  of  cartilage  and  com- 
bining it  with  living  cells,  we  can  build  a 
human  tissue  that  can  be  integrated  rapidly 
into  the  body,  representing  a  new  approach 
in  the  field  of  tissue  engineering,"  says  Frank- 
lin Moutos,  a  graduate  student  in  the  ortho- 
pedic bioengineering  laboratory  who  de- 
signed and  built  the  weaving  machine. 

"Once  implanted,  the  cartilage  cells  will 

grow  throughout  the  scaffold,  and  over  time 

the  scaffold  will  slowly  dissolve,  leaving  the 

new  cartilage  tissue,"  he  says.  "The  use  of 

this  scaffold  will  also  permit  doctors  to  treat 

I  larger  areas  of  cartilage  damage,  since  the 

|  current  approaches  are  only  suitable  for  re- 

1  pairing  smaller  areas  of  cartilage  damage  or 

3  injury." 


Opening  March  22 

Irwin 
Kremen: 

Beyond  Black  Mountain  (1966  to  2006) 

Also  on  view: 

Street  Level:  Mark  Bradford,  William  Cordova  and  Robin  Rhode 

Global  urban  artists  on  view  together  for  the  first  time 
Opening  March  29 


NASHER  MUSEUM  OF  ART  AT  DUKE  UNIVERSITY 

PREPARE  TO  BE  ENLIGHTENED.  nasher.duke.edu  |  919-684-5135 


March-April  2007         25 


Gazette 


RESEARCH    FRONTIERS 


The  researchers  reported  the  new  technol- 
ogy in  the  journal  Nature  Materials.  Moutos 
says  he  believes  the  scaffold  could  he  used 
in  clinical  trials  within  three  or  four  years. 


www.nature.com/ 
nmat/journal/v6/n2/index.html 


In  Brief 


V  Emily  Rotberg,  a  senior,  has  been 
awarded  one  of  twelve  scholarships  from 
the  Overseas  Press  Club  Foundation.  The 
scholarship,  which  includes  a  $2,000  cash 
award  and  a  weekend  in  New  York,  recog- 
nizes aspiring  foreign  correspondents  at 
American  colleges  and  universities. 

\t  Clay  Taliaferro,  professor  of  the  prac- 
tice of  dance,  will  retire  at  the  end  of  the 
spring  2007  semester  after  twenty  years  of 
dancing,  choreographing,  and  teaching  at 
Duke.  He  has  been  awarded  professor  emer- 
itus standing  upon  retirement,  and  the  dance 
program  plans  to  establish  a  scholarship  or 
prize  in  his  name. 

\f  R.  Sanders  Williams  M.D.  '74,  dean  of 
the  Duke  medical  school,  has  been  appoint- 
ed to  the  newly  created  position  of  senior 
vice  chancellor  for  academic  affairs.  Williams 
will  continue  to  serve  as  medical-school 
dean  until  a  new  dean  has  been  identified 
through  a  search  process  that  is  now  under 
way.  Williams  will  also  retain  his  title  as 
dean  of  the  Duke-National  University  of 
Singapore  Graduate  Medical  School  through 
the  end  of  the  2007-08  academic  year.  The 
new  dean  of  each  school  will  report  directly 
to  Williams. 

V  After  months  of  controversy,  the  Dur- 
ham City  Council  in  January  rezoned  more 
than  128  acres  on  Duke's  Central  Campus 
to  make  way  for  a  large-scale  redevelopment. 
Detailed  site  plans  must  be  approved  before 
construction  can  begin. 

■if  Duke-National  University  of  Singapore 
Graduate  Medical  School  (GMS),  a  collab- 
oration between  Duke  and  the  National 
University  of  Singapore  established  in  2005, 
has  received  a  gift  of  $80  million  from  the 
estate  of  Tan  Sri  Khoo  Teck  Puat.  The  gift, 


which  will  be  matched  by  the  government 
of  Singapore  for  a  total  of  $  1 60  million,  wi 
help  strengthen  the  school's  planned  re- 
search programs,  which  focus  on  medical 
and  health-care  problems  of  significance  to 
Singapore  and  Asia.  Duke's  board  of  trustees 
announced  that  graduates  of  the  school's 
four-year  program  will  be  awarded  a  joint 
degree  from  Duke  and  the  National  Uni- 
versity of  Singapore. 

^  Seniors  Chloe  Chien  and  Andrew 
Longenecker  were  named  "second  team" 
members  of  USA  Today's  All  USA  College 
Academic  Team.  Joseph  Babcock,  also  a  sen- 
ior, was  named  to  the  third  team. 

nf  Richard  G.  Newell,  an  award-winning 
environmental  economist  widely  cited  for 
his  work  on  the  economics  of  climate  change 
and  energy,  has  joined  the  Nicholas  School 
as  the  first  Gendell  Associate  Professor  of 
Energy  and  Environmental  Economics. 

•it  The  board  of  trustees  approved  a  4.5  per- 
cent tuition  increase  for  undergraduate  stu- 
dents for  the  upcoming  academic  year.  Tui- 
tion for  students  enrolled  in  Trinity  College 
of  Arts  and  Sciences  and  the  Pratt  School 
of  Engineering  will  be  $34,335  for  2007-08, 
up  from  $32,845  in  2006-07.  The  total  cost 
of  attending  Duke,  including  room  and  board, 
will  be  $45,121,  an  increase  of  4-6  percent. 
Tuition  rates  for  the  graduate  and  profes- 
sional schools  will  rise  between  4.3  percent, 
for  the  Nicholas  School  of  the  Environ- 
ment and  Earth  Sciences,  and  14.6  percent, 
for  the  School  of  Nursing.  The  proposed  nurs- 
ing school  increase  will  put  it  more  in  line 
with  tuition  charged  at  peer  schools,  Pro- 
vost Peter  Lange  says. 

M»  The  Bill  &  Melinda  Gates  Foundation 
will  contribute  $10  million  to  Duke  to  sup- 
port scholarships  for  undergraduates  and 
business-school  students.  The  gift  will  pro- 
vide $9  million  in  endowment  to  support 
need-based  undergraduate  scholarships  and 
$1  million  in  endowment  for  scholarships 
tor  the  Fuqua  School  of  Business.  The  gift 
brings  the  total  Duke  has  raised  during  its 
Financial  Aid  Initiative  to  $216  million. 
Melinda  French  Gates  '86,  M.B.A.  '87  is  a 
former  member  of  Duke's  board  of  trustees. 


26 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


%  \  Wrf 


▼^/'**V 


MKto, 


* 


Let  the  Sunshine  In 

There  is  something  uniquely  American, 
uniquely  1960s,  about  Hair:  The  Ameri- 
can Tribal  Love/Rock  Musical  and  the 
hippie  lifestyle  that  it  portrays  while 
promoting  an  antiwar  message. 

So  it's  interesting  to  note  that  when  it 
was  performed  at  Duke  this  winter,  the  reins 
were  entrusted  to  Dominik  Fungipani,  a 
twenty-four-year-old  exchange  student  from 
Germany. 

Fungipani  grew  up  in  Plettenberg,  in  the 
west  of  Germany,  south  of  the  Ruhr.  As  a 
young  student,  he  loved  acting  and  direct- 
ing, and  he  joined  a  local  theater  company 
at  age  fourteen.  He  acted  in  school  plays. 
He  directed  two,  including  Terry  Pratchett's 
Mart,  which  he  and  classmates  had  to  trans- 
late because  the  theater  adaptation  was 
available  only  in  English.  He  directed  a  short 
film.  After  high  school,  he  completed  his 


state-required  civil  service  and  interned  as  a 
"techie"  at  a  nearby  theater  before  enrolling, 
in  2003,  in  Berlin's  Freie  Universitat,  where 
he  chose  to  focus  on  Nordamerikastudien,  or 
North  American  studies. 

When  he  arrived  at  Duke  last  fall,  he  be- 
gan looking  for  opportunities  in  theater.  He 
signed  up  for  a  listserv,  and  soon  received  an 
e-mail  message  from  student-run  theater 
company  Hoof  'n'  Horn  soliciting  applica- 
tions for  a  director  for  Hair.  After  inter- 
viewing with  the  group's  executive  council, 
he  was  offered  the  job. 

Fungipani's  straight,  light  brown  hair  is 
pushed  back  over  his  ears  and  falls  on  his 
shoulders.  It's  longer  than  he  usually  wears 
it,  and  he  says  he  plans  to  cut  it  after  the 
show.  "My  dad  told  me  I  should  cut  it  be- 
fore," he  says.  "I  told  him,  'Dad,  the  show  is 
called  Hair.'  He  said,  'Good  point.' " 

For  Fungipani,  there  were  obstacles  to 
really  understanding  the  play.  Though  his 


focus  at  Freie  is  on  North  American  studies, 
he  didn't  have  a  firm  grasp  on  Vietnam-era 
U.S.  history.  "I  knew  it  was  groundbreaking, 
provocative,  defining  a  generation,"  he  says 
of  the  play,  "all  the  things  you  might  read 
on  the  back  of  a  book.  I  had  a  vague  idea  of 
the  plot,  a  better  idea  that  this  was  a  show 
with  meaning." 

But  perhaps  more  significantly,  he  says, 
from  the  standpoint  of  a  director,  he  had 
never  before  worked  on  a  musical. 

On  a  Wednesday  night  in  mid-January, 
Fungipani  sits  in  the  Sheafer  Theater  on 
the  lower  level  of  the  Bryan  Center,  waiting 
for  the  show's  final  dress  rehearsal  to  begin. 
The  sparse  audience  there  to  take  in  the 
show-before-the-show  consists  of  crew 
members,  Hoof  'n'  Horn  executive-council 
members,  and  a  few  international  students 
to  whom  Fungipani  had  extended  special 
invitations  for  the  evening.  The  theater  is  a 
black  box,  with  a  few  rows  of  seats  on  two 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


sides,  raised  slightly  above  stage  level.  As 
the  9:00  curtain  call  approached,  cast  mem- 
bers roamed  the  theater  in  wigs,  flannel, 
and  denim,  smoking  flavored  cigarettes.  They 
approach  audience  members,  addressing 
them  directly,  "Hey,  Sunshine,"  and  offer- 
ing a  hit.  The  air  is  smoky,  both  from  the 
cigarettes  and  from  smoke  piped  in  by  the 
production  crew. 

"If  we  catch  on  fire,  the  exits  are  that  way," 
actor  Dina  Graves,  who  plays  Steve,  tells  the 
audience,  pointing  to  the  corners  of  the  room. 
"Don't  take  pictures.  It  steals  your  soul  a  lit- 
tle bit." 

The  show  seems  to  begin  organically,  its 
first  song  arising  from  the  floor  as  cast  mem- 
bers wander  onstage. 

Fungipani  appears  to  be  enjoying  himself. 
As  he  and  producer  Josh  Posen,  a  senior  and 
president  of  Hoof  'n'  Horn,  will  later  ex- 
plain, the  show  is  99  percent  of  the  way  there. 
This  last  night  is  just  a  final  run-through. 


There  shouldn't  be  any  significant  changes. 
Most  of  the  feedback  given  to  actors  after 
the  show  will  be  positive. 

But  in  the  front  row  sits  senior  Russell 
Hainline,  a  member  of  Hoof  'n'  Horn's  ex- 
ecutive council  who,  given  his  experience 
with  musicals,  has  offered  to  lend  some  sug- 
gestions. One  moment  he  is  scrawling  notes 
furiously  on  a  small  pad  of  paper.  The  next  he 
is  whooping  and  making  exaggerated  claps. 

Throughout  the  rehearsal,  Hainline  moves 
about  the  theater's  hundred  or  so  seats,  to  see 
what  the  performance  sounds  like  or  looks 
like  from  various  angles.  Occasionally  he'll 
cue  actors  to  speak  up  or  show  more  emotion. 
During  a  chorus  line,  he  signals  for  more  exag- 
gerated movements,  and  yells  out,  "Sell  it!" 

During  the  first  act,  Fungipani  comes  on- 
stage briefly  as  Hubert,  a  character  time- 
transported  from  a  later  era  curious  about 
the  hippie  phenomenon.  "I  have  two  lines," 
he  had  explained  earlier.  "It's  fun  and  a  lit- 
tle bit  of  a  Hitchcock  thing." 

Backstage,  others  worked  to  make  sure 
the  costume  transitions,  lighting,  and  music 
ran  smoothly.  Junior  Tim  Antonelli  started 
off  as  the  show's  rehearsal  pianist,  but  took 
on  a  larger  role  as  the  show  evolved.  As  mu- 
sic director,  he  plays  piano  and  manages  the 
seven-piece  band  that  provides  the  show's 
distinctive  rock-musical  soundtrack.  He 
says  he'd  never  seen  Hair  before,  but  enjoys 
the  music.  The  band,  he  says,  "meshed  from 
the  get-go." 

During  intermission,  Hainline  converses 
with  Fungipani  and  Posen.  He  has  some  con- 
cerns about  the  volume  of  the  singing,  and 
gives  last-minute  pointers  on  where  actors 
roaming  the  audience  should  sit  or  stand  to 
avoid  being  in  the  way  of  the  audience's 
sightlines. 

As  for  the  famous  naked  scene  (in  the  Duke 
version,  the  actors  stripped  to  their  under- 
wear), Hainline  says  that  Claude,  played  by 
senior  Jonathan  Schatz,  needs  to  command 
more  attention  when  singing.  He  worries  that 
some  of  the  actors  ripped  off  their  clothes 
too  fast  and  had  been  more  distracting  than 
necessary.  "If  everyone  is  doing  it  really  slowly, 
it  won't  be  like  that,"  he  tells  Fungipani. 
"You  need  to  let  Schatz  establish  himself." 

Hair  deals  with  issues  of  race,  gender,  and 


sexuality,  but  it  is,  at  its  heart,  an  antiwar 
musing.  The  play  features  protests,  a  peace- 
ful "Be-in,"  a  strobe-light-accented  battle 
dream  sequence,  and  one  of  its  lead  charac- 
ters faced  with  going  to  war  when  his  draft 
number  is  called. 

As  a  product  of  the  1960s,  Hair  was  writ- 
ten to  address  the  Vietnam  War  specifically. 
But  over  the  years,  James  Rado,  one  of  the 
show's  co-creators,  has  tinkered  with  the 
book  to  remove  some  of  the  specific  histori- 
cal references  and  make  its  themes  more 
general.  The  version  of  the  show  performed 
commonly  these  days  is  a  1990s  edit. 

"This  is  a  play  with  a  political  issue,"  Fun- 
gipani says.  "It's  antiwar.  Let's  face  it,  it's  anti- 
Vietnam  War.  I  think  you  can  apply  it  to 
Afghanistan  and  Iraq,  Iraq  most  obviously. 

"The  battlefields  might  have  changed. 
They  might  have  different  names,  but  there 
are  still  battlefields  out  there.  As  my  pro- 
ducer put  it,  this  is  not  a  play  to  lean  back 
and  passively  enjoy." 

Audience  members  "don't  necessarily  have 
to  come  to  the  same  conclusion  and  agree," 
he  says,  "but  if  they  go  home  and  talk  about 
it,  that  would  be  nice." 

Schatz,  who  plays  Claude,  says  that  he 
initially  had  trouble  relating  to  the  show's 
characters.  "It's  a  generation  that  in  many 
ways,  we  are  very  removed  from.  People  are 
more  conservative  today.  In  some  ways,  this 
is  exactly  what  this  generation  needs." 

As  an  actor  performing  the  show  forty 
years  after  it  was  written,  as  a  college  student 
trying  to  recreate  a  feeling  that  emerged  from 
the  youth  of  his  parents'  generation,  he  says, 
"The  only  way  to  do  it  is  to  play  the  role  as 
truthfully  as  you  can." 

The  rehearsal  wraps  up  just  before  11:00. 
The  group — cast  and  crew — form  a  circle 
outside  the  theater  to  listen  to  comments 
from  Hainline,  Posen,  Fungipani,  and  various 
crew  members.  There  were  a  few  snafus  to- 
night: A  costume  change  was  missed,  an  ac- 
tor's voice  is  going  out,  and  during  one  song 
the  band  and  the  actors  were  out  of  sync. 
But  overall,  it  was  good,  says  Fungipani.  Yet 
as  peace  and  love  personified  by  the  hippie 
era  were  celebrated  onstage,  war  continued 
to  take  its  toll  on  modern  battlefields. 

— Jacob  Dagger 


March-April  2007 


Q&A 


Giving  Gun  Control  a  Shot 

While  a  master's  candidate  at  Duke's  Terry  San- 
ford  Institute  of  Public  Policy,  Kristin  A.  Goss 
M.P.P.  '96  completed  a  consulting  project  in 
southeast  Washington  aimed  at  determining 
how  women,  and  mothers  in  particular,  could 
be  used  to  counteract  an  ongoing  epidemic  of 
gun  violence.  Later,  as  a  Ph.D.  candidate  at 
Harvard  University,  Goss  was  looking  for  a  dis- 
sertation topic  when  the  Columbine  massacre 
took  place.  She'd  grown  up  ten  miles  east  of 
Columbine  High  School,  and,  she  says,  "Colum- 
bine and  my  high  school  were  demographic 
twins.  I  could  completely  relate  to  what  was 
going  on,  and  I  just  sat  there  in  horror.  My  first, 
visceral,  emotional  reaction  was/Why  do  we  not 
have  a  gun-control  movement  in  America?' " 
That  visceral  reaction  became  the  topic  of  her 
dissertation,  which  in  turn  became  the  basis  for 
Disarmed:  The  Missing  Movement  for  Gun  Con- 
trol in  America  (Princeton  University  Press,  2006). 
Goss  is  now  an  assistant  professor  of  public- 
policy  studies  and  political  science  at  Duke. 

Your  book  explains  ways  in  which  the  giin-control 
movement  has  failed.  Can  you  elaborate? 

The  book  really  focuses  on  how  the  "move- 
ment" has  never  really  been  a  movement  in 
the  way  that  Civil  Rights  was  clearly  a 
movement,  Women's  Rights  was  a  move- 
ment. I  argue  that  the  gun-control  cam- 
paign, in  the  sense  of  mobilizing  its  mass 
base,  has  really  underperformed.  If  you  look 
at  polls,  you  see  an  overwhelming  majority 
of  Americans  favor  all  sorts  of  firearms 
restrictions  that  we  don't  have  in  place, 
and  that's  been  true  for  decades.  With  sad 
regularity,  we  have  epidemics  of  gun  vio- 
lence. We  have  the  highest  gun-violence 
rate  of  any  advanced  industrial  country  by 
many  orders  of  magnitude. 

So  you've  got  popular  opinion;  you've  got 
certain  political  leaders  who  have  been 
willing  to  carry  the  water  on  this  issue; 
you've  got  these  focusing  events,  these  hor- 


rible tragedies  that  really  jar  us,  and  yet  there 
doesn't  seem  to  be  much  organization  or 
movement.  You  don't  see  people  marching 
in  the  streets,  right/  My  book  really  explores 
why  that  is.  It's  less  interested  in  why  we 
don't  have  national  handgun  registration 
[than]  "why  haven't  we  organized  to  get  it?" 

Why  haven't  we? 

What  I  did  essentially  was  to  look  at  issues 
that  were  similar  to  gun  control  along  rele- 
vant dimensions,  where  you  were  trying  to 
regulate  individual  behavior  where  there  is 
a  lot  of  death  involved.  I  looked  at  the 
anti-abortion  movement,  smoking,  and 
alcohol  abuse.  The  question  is  what  formu- 
la did  these  other  movements  figure  out 
that  the  gun  folks  haven't?  [One  area  of  dis- 
tinction is]  the  role  of  external  resources. 
Each  of  those  movements  has  had  support 
from  philanthropic  foundations,  voluntary 
organizations  like  churches,  and,  in  some 
cases,  the  government  itself. 

Were  these  resources  absent  or  somehow 
less  effective  in  the  case  of  the  gun-control 
movement? 

It's  a  complicated  question.  Church  groups 
have  been  active,  but  this  is  an  issue  that 
divides  congregations.  By  and  large,  foun- 
dations tend  to  be  pretty  timid;  they  want 
to  stay  away  from  hot-button  political  issues. 
The  aspect  that  actually  interests  me  the 
most  is  where  women  were.  Because,  if  you 
look  back  historically,  almost  all  movements 
for  social  reform  and  movements  in  which 
petitioners  were  asking  for  greater  state 
intervention  were  led  by  women's  organiza- 
tions. When  you  take  an  aspirin  and  don't 
worry  that  you're  going  to  die,  you  can  thank 
women's  groups  for  clean  food  and  drug 
laws.  But  you  can  really  see  this  profound 
shift  starting  in  the  70s  away  from  these 
broad  consumer  interests  and  toward  a  nar- 
rower band  of  issues  that  pertain  directly  to 
women's  rights,  status,  and  welfare. 

What  about  the  role  of  the  government  itself? 

The  gun-control  folks  have  periodically 
sought  to  benefit  from  research  and  statis- 


tics gathered  by  the  government,  and  there 
have  been  people  in  the  government  who 
have  sought  to  regulate  firearms  or  at  least 
move  in  the  direction  of  tightening  laws. 
Each  time  a  government  agency  has  made 
noises  about  doing  so,  the  National  Rifle 
Association  (NRA)  has  sprung  into  action. 
For  example,  the  Consumer  Product  Safety 
Commission  was  going  to  hold  hearings  on 
whether  they  could  ban  or  regulate  bullets 
as  a  dangerous  product.  Before  they  could 
even  do  that,  the  NRA  got  a  bill  through 
Congress  that  said  the  Consumer  Products 
Safety  Commission  may  not  regulate  bul- 
lets. The  Centers  for  Disease  Control  and 
Prevention  in  Atlanta  had  a  very  small,  but 
active  program,  doing  research  on  gun  vio- 
lence. The  NRA  didn't  like  that,  so  they 
got  that  division  of  the  CDC  defunded. 

Why  is  the  NRA  so  effective  in  blocking 
regulation  and  even  research? 

The  NRA  is  organized  exactly  the  right  way 
to  influence  policy.  It's  got  a  national  head- 
quarters that's  very  powerful.  And  the  na- 
tional headquarters  has  a  lobbying  arm  and 
it  has  a  Political  Action  Committee.  It  also 
has  state  affiliates  in  every  state  who  can 
work  on  state  legislation.  It  has  local  affiliates 
who  can  show  up  at  city  council  meetings. 
And  then  it's  even  got  sub-local,  de-facto 
affiliates  in  the  form  of  gun  shows,  gun 
ranges,  gun  shops,  and  that  kind  of  thing. 

You  mention  in  your  book  that  one  of  the 
traditional  weaknesses  of  the  gun-control 
movement  was  that  it  lacked  a  similar  grass- 
roots identity.  Why  didn't  this  develop? 

We  have  a  system  that  our  founders  set  up 
to  sort  of  frustrate  bold  social  reformers. 
Change  is  incremental.  Things  don't  hap- 
pen overnight.  If  you  look  at  alcohol  regu- 
lation, we  didn't  get  prohibition  overnight. 
It  was  preceded  by  100  years  of  more  mod- 
est, locally  rooted  organizing.  Alcohol  reg- 
ulation began  with  voluntary  associations 
called  temperance  societies  in  the  1830s 
and  '40s,  where  people  would  come  togeth- 
er and  pledge  not  to  drink.  That  gave  way 
to  women's  protests  outside  saloons,  which 
gave  way  to  what  are  called  "local  option 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


laws,"  where  cities  would  decide  whether 
they  would  be  wet  or  dry,  which  gave  rise  to 
state  prohibitions  on  alcohol,  which  gave 
rise  to  national  legislation  that  tightened- 
up  interstate  sales,  which  gave  rise  to  this 
constitutional  amendment.  It  was  incre- 
mental in  two  ways:  It  started  off  with  more 
modest  efforts,  and  it  worked  within  our 
federalist  system. 

Gun-control  folks  didn't  do  either  of 
those  things.  They  were  horrified  by  the 
gun  violence.  They  said,  "People  are  dying. 
We  must  act  immediately,  we  must  act 
boldly,  we  must  ban  guns  at  the  national 
level."  And  they  never  organized  the  grass- 
roots. They  thought  that  local  gun  laws 
would  be  ineffective.  If  Chicago  bans  guns, 
but  Gary,  Indiana,  doesn't,  does  that  gun 
ban  really  help  matters  when  guns  and  bad 
guys  can  travel  so  freely?  That  was  their 
logic,  and  it  certainly  makes  sense  from  a 
policy  standpoint.  But  from  a  political 
standpoint,  it  didn't  make  a  lot  of  sense. 

Have  these  organizations  begun  to  take 
root  now? 

The  Million  Mom  March  in  2000  [organ- 
ized by  a  suburban  New  Jersey  mother  in 
response  to  a  national  wave  of  school 


shootings]  was  a  real  turning  point,  because 
after  that,  there  were  these  chapters  or 
groups  of  women  around  the  country  who 
had  experience  organizing.  For  the  first 
time,  the  gun-control  "movement"  does 
have  something  of  a  grassroots  base. 

Another  issue  you  talk  about  in  your  book  is 
framing.  How  has  the  framing  of  the  gim-con- 
trol  movement  changed  in  recent  years? 

Historically  a  really  effective  framing 
device  has  been  to  talk  about  the  protec- 
tion of  children  and  families,  particularly 
children.  If  you  think  about  the  anti-abor- 
tion movement,  their  entire  premise  is,  "It's 
a  child,  not  a  choice,"  right?  So  abortion  is 
baby-killing.  The  anti-smoking  move- 
ment— when  did  it  really  take  off?  When 
they  started  talking  about  youth  smoking, 
Joe  Camel  and  whatnot. 

The  gun-control  cause  traditionally  was 
framed  in  terms  of  crime  prevention.  In  the 
early  '80s,  but  mainly  in  the  '90s,  it  started 
being  framed  as  a  public-health  menace. 
And  when  you  think  about  gun  violence  as 
a  public-health  problem,  it  focuses  your 
attention  on  the  victims,  rather  than  on 
the  perpetrators.  The  public-health  frame 
softened  the  ground  for  talking  about  guns 


and  kids.  In  the  '90s  we  had  this  run-up  in 
juvenile  gun  violence.  And  then  you  have 
the  school  shootings.  Because  the  nature  of 
the  problem  was  shifting  a  little  bit,  it  was 
easy  to  start  framing  it  in  terms  of  child 
protection. 

Has  this  framing  worked? 

The  originator  of  the  Million  Mom  March 
purposely  and  quite  intentionally  played 
off  this  maternalistic  rhetoric  to  mobilize 
people.  I  surveyed  a  random  sample  of  800 
people  who  were  at  the  march  [in  Wash- 
ington], and  I  asked  them,  among  many 
other  things,  why  they  were  there.  [Five  or 
six-hundred  agreed  to  be  contacted  later,  to 
follow  up.]  So  six  to  nine  months  after  the 
march,  I  contacted  those  people  and  asked 
them,  "What  have  you  done  since?"  and 
gave  them  a  checklist  of  about  twenty-five 
things  they  could  have  done.  I  was  able  to 
show,  statistically,  that  people  who  had 
been  at  the  march  out  of  concern  for  chil- 
dren were  more  likely  to  be  involved  six  to 
nine  months  later  in  intense  activities — 
ones  that  are  harder  than  putting  a  bumper 
sticker  on  your  car — and  to  be  involved  in 
more  activities. 

-J.D. 


March-April  2007 


The  year  is  1974.  In  the  predawn  dark-  I  J^k  Bj                          ^^H 

ness  of  her  bedroom,  Nancy  Hogs-  I  ■           B  M^                   ,^^^J 

head's  alarm  insistently  beeps  her  HH^^H  M^k  ^^^^U 

awake.  Half-asleep,  the  twelve-year-  I  ■  H    Wk 

old  rolls  out  of  bed  already  wearing  her  I  WW^  I      U       Wk  Ml        JM 

Speedo  swimsuit  and  warm-up  clothes.  With  _        ^Bl    I  ^BB^  M    M           m  ^B^B      ^Bl 


the  rest  of  the  household  still  fast  asleep, 
she  eats  breakfast  (six  eggs,  a  half-pound  of 
bacon,  two  English  muffins,  and  a  large 
glass  of  milk)  before  heading  out  the  door. 
Outside,  in  the  already  humid  Florida  morn- 
ing, she  waits  to  catch  a  ride  to  swim  prac- 
tice with  a  few  of  her  older  teammates.  Af- 
ter two  intense  workouts  that  bracket  her 
school  day,  she  heads  home  to  eat  dinner 
and  tackle  her  homework,  turning  in  at  8:30. 
At  4:45  a.m.,  she  wakes  up  and  does  it  all 
over  again,  six  days  a  week. 

On  a  warm  July  afternoon  that  same  year, 
more  than  a  thousand  miles  northeast 
of  Hogshead's  Jacksonville  home,  Barbara 
Krause  spends  the  waning  weeks  of  her 
summer  break  at  basketball  camp.  Encour- 
aged by  her  high-school  English  teacher  to 
develop  and  hone  her  athletic  skills,  Krause 
has  a  natural  competitive  streak.  In  grade 
school,  she  would  use  the  heel  of  her  tennis 
shoe  to  draw  two  lines  several  dozen  yards 
apart  in  the  dirt  driveway  of  her  family's 
Freeport,  Maine,  house.  "Time  me,  time  me!" 
she  would  beg  her  mother,  who  glanced 
between  the  second  hand  of  her  watch  and 
her  spunky  daughter's  endless  attempts  to 
break  her  own  sprinting  record.  "You're  so 
fast!"  her  mother  would  exclaim.  I  must  be 
one  of  the  fastest  kids  ever!  Krause  would  tell 
herself,  smiling  between  gulps  of  air. 

In  Welcome,  North  Carolina,  Debbie 
Leonard,  a  dairy  farmer's  daughter,  has  just 
earned  her  bachelor's  degree  from  High 
Point  College,  where  she  played  point  guard 
for  the  women's  basketball  team.  Realizing 
a  dream  she's  had  since  elementary  school, 
Leonard  lands  a  coaching  job,  teaching  sev- 
enth-graders the  basics  of  playing  competi- 
tive basketball  at  North  Davidson  Junior 
High,  just  up  the  road  from  Charlotte. 

Flush  with  the  adrenaline  thrill  of  physi- 
cal exertion  and  the  sheer  joy  of  play,  these 
three  young  athletes  have  no  way  of  know- 
ing that  a  piece  of  legislation  passed  two 
years  earlier  will  have  a  profound  impact  on 
their  lives. 

Today,  thirty-five  years  after  Title  IX  of  the 
Education  Amendments  of  1972  was  made 
law,  its  remarkable  legacy  is  manifest  in  the 


Olympic  moment:  Hogshead  finishing  first  in  the  qualifying  heat  of  the  100-meter  freestyle  at  the  1984  games 


Olympic  achievements  and  respected  legal 
scholarship  of  Hogshead  '86  (now  Hogshead- 
Makar);  in  the  influence  that  Krause  '81  has 
brought  to  bear  as  a  senior  administrator  to 
two  college  presidents;  and  in  the  wistful 
pride  that  runs  deep  in  Leonard's  soul  when 
she  remembers  the  fifteen  years  she  spent 
building  a  fledgling  Duke  women's  basket- 
ball team  into  a  respectable  program,  despite 
broken  promises  and  meager  resources. 

An  outgrowth  of  the  Civil  Rights  Act  of 
1964,  Title  IX  was  signed  into  law  by  Presi- 
dent Richard  M.  Nixon  LL.B.  '37.  It  states 
that  "No  person  in  the  United  States  shall, 
on  the  basis  of  sex,  be  excluded  from  partic- 
ipation in,  be  denied  the  benefits  of,  or  be 
subjected  to  discrimination  under  any  edu- 
cation program  or  activity  receiving  Federal 
financial  assistance."  While  the  law  applies 
to  ten  broad  categories — including  access 
to  health  care  and  housing,  and  equitable 
recruitment  and  admissions  standards — 
equity  issues  in  athletics  have  garnered  the 
highest  visibility,  the  greatest  numbers  of 
lawsuits,  and  the  most  rancorous  debate. 

From  the  start,  Title  IX  was  challenged  by 


opponents  and  skeptics  whose  arguments 
ranged  from  practical — the  logistics  and  costs 
of  implementation,  for  example — to  mis- 
guided— that  women  weren't  as  interested 
in  sports  as  men,  or  that  the  law  would  force 
schools  to  cut  men's  sports.  Yet  the  backlash 
against  Title  IX  has  not  abated,  despite  the 
fact  that  female  students  outnumber  male 
students  in  higher  education  overall;  that 
female  participation  rates  in  intercollegiate 
sports  have  exploded;  that  women  now  have 
access  to  locker  rooms  and  paid  coaches  and 
other  amenities  that  were  budgeted  only  for 
male  athletes  for  decades;  and  that  the  value- 
added  benefit  of  leadership,  ambition,  and 
teamwork  learned  through  sports  has  trans- 
lated into  success  and  confidence  for  women 
in  their  professional  pursuits.  If  anything, 
the  drumbeat  of  criticism  against  the  law 
has  steadily  increased. 

For  example,  in  late  September  last  year, 
James  Madison  University  announced  it 
would  cut  ten  athletic  teams,  blaming  Title  IX 
compliance  as  the  culprit.  About  100  student- 
athletes  and  supporters  of  the  teams  that 
had  been  cut  gathered  in  front  of  the  De- 


32 


PUKE  MAGAZINE 


Thirty-five  years  after  Title  IX  of  the  Education  Amendments 
of  1972  was  made  law,  its  remarkable  legacy  is  manifest  in  the 
achievements  of  Duke  alumnae  and  current  female  athletes. 
Even  so,  it  remains  a  target  of  criticism,  and  equity  is  elusive. 

By  BRIDGET  BOOHER 


partment  of  Education  to  cheer 
on  speakers  who  called  Title  IX 
out  of  date.  (Title  IX  advocates, 
noting  that  JMU's  development 
arm  had  been  able  to  raise  $10 
million  for  a  new  athletics  cen- 
ter, countered  by  saying  that,  had 
JMU  been  working  toward  com- 
pliance all  along,  such  cuts  would 
not  have  been  necessary.)  In  Jan- 
uary, Ohio  University  eliminated 
four  varsity  sports,  blaming  lack 
of  Title  IX  compliance.  (To  cover 
a  projected  shortfall  in  the  ath- 
letics budget  of  $10  million  by 
2010,  cuts  were  made  in  men's  in- 
door and  outdoor  track,  men's 
diving  and  swimming,  and  wom- 
en's lacrosse.) 

Title   IX  and  gender  equity, 
along  with  recruiting,  was  the 
_  focus  of  the  Knight  Commission 
I  on  Intercollegiate  Athletics  meet- 
%  ing  in  January.  Created  in  1989, 
«-the  commission  monitors  and 
\  reports  on  maintaining  academic 
1  and  financial  integrity  in  college 
^sports.  Although  it  is  an  indepen- 
|  dent  organization  with  no  regula- 
■ftory  authority,  the  commission's 
1  high-profile     membership — in- 
|  eluding  current  and  past  univer- 
°  sity  presidents  and  senior  faculty 
members,  sports  industry  analysts,  and  jour- 
nalists such  as  Judy  Woodruff  '68 — ensures 
that  its  work  carries  weight  in  sports,  acad- 
eme, politics,  and  the  media. 

At  the  commission's  January  meeting, 
Christine  Grant,  former  president  of  both 
the  Association  for  Intercollegiate  Athle- 
tics for  Women  and  the  National  Association 
of  Collegiate  Women  Athletic  Administra- 
tors, spoke  about  trends  in  college  athletics 
that  bode  ill  for  men  and  women  alike.  Be- 
tween 1985  and  2005  (the  most  recent  years 
for  which  data  are  available),  the  average  bud- 
get for  NCAA  Division  I-A  football  teams 
more  than  tripled,  she  said,  and  for  men's 
basketball,  more  than  quadrupled.  Because 
those  two  sports  constitute  three-quarters  of 
institutional  budgets  for  men's  sports  (up 
from  one-half  in  1985),  cutting  other  pro- 
grams has  become  a  way  to  "save"  money. 

"It's  not  Title  IX  that's  causing  this  prob- 
lem," Grant  said.  "It's  the  insatiable  appe- 
tites of  football  and  basketball." 


March-April  2007         33 


For  advocates  and  beneficiaries  of  Title 
IX  like  Hogshead-Makar,  blaming  the 
law — rather  than  budgetary  mismanage- 
ment or  refusing  to  rein  in  the  escalating 
costs  of  running  million-dollar  football  and 
basketball  programs — is  beyond  the  pale. 

"If  you  had  told  me  ten  years  ago,  when  I 
graduated  from  law  school,  that  the  majori- 
ty of  my  advocacy  and  pro  bono  work  would 
focus  on  making  sure  girls  had  the  same 
opportunity  as  boys  to  play  sports,  I  would 
have  thought  you  were  nuts,"  she  says.  "At 
the  time,  I  really  thought  the  battle  for  gen- 
der equity  in  sports  would  be  over." 

Now  an  associate  professor  at  Florida  Coas- 
tal School  of  Law  (FCSL)  in  her  hometown 
of  Jacksonville,  Hogshead-Makar  acknowl- 
edges that  she  was  oblivious  to  Title  IX 
when  she  arrived  at  Duke.  She  figured  that, 
given  her  credentials,  she  was  entitled  to 
whatever  Duke  could  offer.  After  all,  by  the 
time  she  was  fourteen  years  old,  she  was 
ranked  number  one  in  the  world  in  the  200- 
meter  butterfly.  She  had  broken  numerous 
records,  garnered  international  acclaim,  and 
grown  accustomed  to  the  robust  patronage 
she'd  received  through  an  intense  training 
program  and  a  full-time  coach  dedicated  to 
developing  her  athletic  talents. 

"When  I  was  in  junior  high  school,  I 
thought  women's  bodies  peaked  around  the 
age  of  eighteen,  but  that  men  continued  to 
get  better  athletically,"  she  says.  "What  I 
didn't  realize  was  that  the  reason  I  didn't 
know  of  any  women  who  competed  at  the 


college  level  wasn't  because  of 
physical  ability.  It  was  due  to 
lack  of  opportunity.  I  didn't  know 
a  single  woman  who  had  a 
scholarship  to  swim  in  college." 

Hogshead-Makar  was  the  ex- 
ception at  Duke,  which  did  not 
offer  men  or  women  swimmers 
athletic  scholarships  at  the  time 
(and  still  doesn't).  Recruiting, 
such  as  it  was,  was  piecemeal. 
Urged  by  a  high-school  swim- 
ming buddy,  Greg  Anderson  '81, 
to  come  for  a  campus  visit,  Hogs- 
head-Makar paid  her  own  way 
to  Durham.  Anderson  intro- 
duced her  to  swim  coach  Bob 
Thompson,  who  was  so  im- 
pressed by  her  that  he  offered 
her  a  scholarship  before  he'd 
gained  clearance  from  the  ath- 
letics department  to  do  so.  Not- 
ing the  exception  made  for 
Hogshead-Makar,  former  ath- 
letics director  Tom  Butters  says, 
"I  would  have  offered  a  scholar- 
ship to  Mozart,  too,  if  I  thought  he  could 
write  a  little  music  for  me." 

In  the  summer  before  her  freshman  year 
at  Duke,  Hogshead-Makar  qualified  for  the 
1980  Olympics,  but  did  not  get  to  compete 
because  of  the  U.S.  boycott  to  protest  the 
Soviet  invasion  of  Afghanistan.  The  delay 
didn't  prove  detrimental.  When  she  gradu- 
ated at  the  ripe  old  age  of  twenty-four,  with 


Applying  Sports  Lessons  to  Science  Education 


On  the  playing  fields  of  Stanford 
University,  Kristina  Johnson  earned 
a  reputation  as  a  fierce  field  hockey 
and  lacrosse  player.  While  conduct- 
ing postdoctoral  work  atlrinity  College  in  Ireland, 
she  secured  a  spot  on  the  Irish  women's  cricket  team. 
(lo  her  regret,  she  says,  work  obligations  precluded 
her  from  accepting  an  invitation  a  few  years  later  to 
join  the  team  in  World  Cup  play  in  Australia.)  She's 
also  earned  a  red  belt  in  Tae  Kwon  Do. 

It  seems  apt,  therefore,  that  Johnson,  the  first 
woman  dean  in  the  history  of  the  Pratt  School  of 
Engineering,  would  look  to  the  success  of  Title  IX  in 
the  athletic  arena  to  call  for  similar  progress  in  the 
sciences.  Speaking  to  the  U.S.  Senate  subcommittee 
on  Science,  Technology  and  Space  in  2002,  Johnson 
asked,  "Wouldn't  it  be  great  if  we  could  see  the  same 
advances  in  the  academic  world  of  science  and  engi- 
neering participation  by  women  as  we  have  pro- 
duced due  to  Title  IX  legislation?" 

The  subcommittee  considered  a  variety  of  barriers 
that  prevent  women  from  gaining  parity  with  men 


in  the  sciences.  For  her  part,  Johnson  recommended 
reshaping  high-school  curricula  to  require  four  years 
of  math  and  one  year  each  of  biology,  chemistry,  and 
physics;  and  increasing  financial  aid  and  child-care 
support  for  women  in  graduate  school. 

Johnson  acknowledges  that  Title  IX's  success  in 
the  athletic  realm  came  about,  in  part,  because  of 
actual  or  threatened  high-visibility  lawsuits.  Given 
the  snail's  pace  at  which  changes  are  made  to 
national  public-school  curriculums,  and  the  lack  of 
political  muscle  that  most  graduate  students  have  to 
lobby  for  change,  creating  opportunities  for  women 
scientists  will  take  time.  But  it  is  essential  to  remedy 
the  disparity,  she  says,  to  produce  a  highly  skilled 
technical  workforce. 

"Imagine  trying  to  walk  on  to  the  women's  or 
men's  basketball  team  at  Duke  without  ever  having 
played  the  sport,"  she  says.  "And  yet  that's  what 
we  do  for  girls  and  boys  in  preparing  them  to  even 
consider  a  career  in  science,  math,  engineering, 
or  technology." 

— Bridget  Booher 


"I  would  have  offered  a 
scholarship  to  Mozart,  too, 
if  I  thought  he  could  write 
a  little  music  for  me,"  says 
former  athletics  director 
Tom  Butters. 

a  degree  in  political  science 
and  a  certificate  in  women's 
studies,  Hogshead-Makar  had 
shattered  nearly  every  univer- 
sity record  for  women's  swim- 
Iming  and  hadn't  lost  a  single 
|  race  in  a  dual  meet.  In  the  pro- 
scess,  her  Olympic  dreams  were 
Irealized — the  summer  between 
I  her  sophomore  and  junior  years, 
|  she  blazed  ahead  of  her  fellow 
£  competitors  to  win  three  gold 
f  medals  and  one  silver  at  the 
i|  1984  games  in  Los  Angeles. 
— .ft..-!  |  It  was  in  Los  Angeles  that 
Hogshead-Makar  learned  about 
a  legislative  force  that  had  helped  pave  the 
way  for  her  success.  Things  had  gone  so 
smoothly  for  her  from  an  early  age  that  she 
wasn't  attuned  to  the  struggles  of  other 
female  athletes;  then  Donna  De Verona,  a 
member  of  the  1960  U.S.  Olympic  swim 
team,  spoke  to  Hogshead-Makar  and  her 
U.S.  teammates,  both  male  and  female, 
about  the  evolution  and  timeline  of  Title 
IX.  De  Verona,  co-founder  in  1972  of  the 
Women's  Sports  Foundation  advocacy  group, 
shared  details  about  the  repeated — and 
repeatedly  rejected — challenges  from  poli- 
ticians such  as  U.S.  Senator  Jesse  Helms, 
who  proposed  that  Title  IX  be  struck  down 
altogether.  But  De  Verona  also  sounded  a 
cautionary  alarm.  Only  months  before,  a 
landmark  Supreme  Court  decision,  Grove 
City  v.  Bell,  effectively  ended  Title  IX's  ap- 
plicability to  athletics. 

Title  IX  is  in  jeopardy,  De  Verona  told  the 
swimmers.  As  athletes,  you  have  an  obliga- 
tion to  speak  up  about  this.  "That  was  my 
light-bulb  moment  about  Title  IX,"  recalls 
Hogshead-Makar.  "I  used  my  access  to  the 
media  as  a  new  Olympic  champion  to  talk 
about  the  importance  of  the  law,  and  its 
impact  on  my  life  and  athletic  career."  The 
following  summer,  between  her  junior  and 
senior  year  at  Duke,  she  interned  with  the 
Women's  Sports  Foundation,  and  ultimate- 
ly served  as  its  president  and  on  its  board  of 
trustees.  (The  Grove  City  v.  Bell  decision 
would  be  overturned,  in  1988,  when  Con- 
gress overrode  a  veto  by  President  Ronald 


DUKE  MAO. VZiNF 


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Reagan  to  pass  the  Civil  Rights  Restoration 
Act.  Educational  institutions  receiving  any 
type  of  federal  financial  assistance,  whether 
direct  or  indirect,  were  once  again  bound  by 
Title  IX  legislation.) 

Hogshead-Makar  went  on  to  earn  her  law 
degree  from  Georgetown  University  in  1997. 
She  has  focused  on  gender-equity  issues, 
particularly  as  they  apply  to  sports  and  Title 
IX,  and  has  testified  before  Congress  on  re- 
lated issues.  She  teaches  courses  at  FCSL  on 
torts  and  sports  law  and  provides  detailed 
rebuttals  to  Title  IX  critics  who  misinter- 
pret the  legal  complexities  of  the  law.  She's 
taken  on  60  Minutes  and  columnist  George 
Will,  among  others. 

"Women  still  lag  behind  men,"  she  says. 


"In  Division  I  colleges,  women  represent  53 
percent  of  the  student  body,  receive  only  41 
percent  of  the  participation  opportunities, 
43  percent  of  the  total  athletic  scholarship 
dollars,  32  percent  of  the  recruiting  dollars, 
and  36  percent  of  operating  budgets." 

n  the  late  70s  and  early  '80s,  with  the 
steady  legal  wrangling  over  Title  IX  as 
backdrop,  Debbie  Leonard  was  struggling 
to  put  together  a  Duke  women's  basket- 
ball team  that  could  compete  with  neigh- 
boring public  institutions  such  as  North 
Carolina  State  and  the  University  of  North 
Carolina  at  Chapel  Hill. 

When  she  was  approached  in  1977  by 
athletics  director  Carl  James  '52  to  become 
Duke's  first  full-time  women's  basketball 
coach,  Leonard  was  entertaining  another 
job  offer  to  coach  at  Andrews  High  School 
in  High  Point,  North  Carolina.  Even  though 
the  high-school  post  offered  a  higher  annu- 
al salary — $9,000  compared  with  Duke's 
$8,100 — Leonard  says  she  didn't  think 
twice  about  taking  the  Duke  offer.  "Carl 
promised  me  the  best-dressed,  best-fed, 
best-equipped  team  in  the  Atlantic  Coast 
Conference,"  she  says.  James  explained  to 
her  that  he  wanted  to  bring  the  women's 
team  up  from  Division  II  to  play  in  the 
more  competitive  Division  I  and  was  com- 
mitted to  making  sure  that  the  program 
received  the  resources  and  institutional  sup- 
port it  needed  to  do  so. 
Within  weeks  of  accepting  the  post,  Leo- 


nard read  in  the  newspaper  that  James  had 
resigned.  Tom  Butters,  who  had  come  to 
Duke  in  1967  to  coach  baseball  and  oversee 
special  events,  was  promoted  to  athletics 
director.  The  scholarships  and  facilities  and 
assistance  that  Leonard  had  been  promised 
were  put  on  indefinite  hold. 

Told  that  her  office  would  be  on  East 
Campus,  but  determined  to  be  in  Cameron, 
Leonard  befriended  the  housekeeping  staff 
there,  who  told  her  about  a  cramped,  un- 
used closet.  The  space  became  her  office. 
She,  her  players,  and  volunteer  assistants 
were  responsible  for  sweeping  up  Cameron 
after  practice,  hauling  bleachers  out  and 
back  for  games,  and  changing  tires  on  the 
team  vans  that  they  drove  themselves  to 
away  games.  In  her  first  season,  the  Lady 
Devils  were  1-19,  including  a  devastating 
117-47  loss  at  home  to  Maryland,  which 
concluded  with  the  Terrapin  players  run- 
ning sprints  because  they  didn't  get  enough 
of  a  workout  during  the  game. 

By  the  time  Leonard  resigned  fifteen  years 
later,  she  had  compiled  an  overall  record  of 
213-189,  with  an  ACC  record  of  69-1 19.  As 
former  Duke  sports  information  director  John 
Roth  '80  notes  in  The  Encyclopedia  of  Duke 
Basketball,  Leonard  "led  the  program  to  many 
noteworthy  achievements,  including  its  first 
national  ranking,  its  first  20-win  season,  its 
first  invitation  to  the  NCAA  tournament, 
and  a  100  percent  graduation  rate....  Nine  of 
her  teams  were  .500  or  better,  and  all  but 
three  had  winning  records  at  home.  In  short, 


March-April  2007 


Leonard  did  about  as  much  as  she  could, 
given  the  level  ot  support  that  existed  for 
her  sport  at  the  time." 

Sports  writer  Barry  Jacobs  72  is  more  blunt. 
"Duke  was  late  to  the  table,"  he  wrote  in  a 
newspaper  column  last  year. 
"State  schools  such  as  Mary- 
land, North  Carolina,  and 
N.C.  State  quickly  embraced 
women's  basketball,  while  the 
private  university  for  years 
treated  women's  sports  more 
as  a  burden  imposed  by  Title 
IX  . . .  than  as  an  integral  part 
of  a  balanced  athletic  pro- 
gram." When  Leonard  left  Duke  in  1992, 
the  year  the  men's  varsity  team  won  its  sec- 
ond NCAA  national  championship,  her 
salary  was  $41,000. 

Butters,  who  retired  in  1998,  says  that  his 
decisions  to  fund  this  or  that  athletic  team 
were  never  guided  by  outside  forces  or  pres- 
sures. "I  did  what  I  thought  was  right  for  the 
university,"  he  says.  "It  was  either  a  case  of 
spending  all  our  resources  on  what  the  'pub- 
lic' wanted  or  trying  to  provide  program- 
ming excellence  by  focusing  on  opportuni- 
ties where  we  had  a  chance  to  be  excellent. 
Some  people  wanted  me  to  put  all  our  money 
in  football,  for  example,  and  I  disagreed." 

Duke  was  not  alone  in  dragging  its  feet 
on  Title  IX  compliance,  nor  did  it  intend  to 
do  so,  according  to  Chris  Kennedy  Ph.D. 
'79,  senior  associate  director  of  athletics  and 
an  adjunct  assistant  professor  of  English, 
whose  career  at  Duke  and  in  collegiate  ath- 
letics roughly  coincides  with  the  evolution 
of  the  law.  Kennedy  notes  that  in  the  early 
years  following  the  law's  passage,  there  was 
confusion  and  uncertainty  about  how  to 
measure  compliance. 

Title  IX  "languished"  during  the  Reagan 
administration,  he  says;  the  Civil  Rights 
Restoration  Act  forced  colleges  and  univer- 
sities to  start  paying  attention.  "In  the  late 
'80s  and  early  '90s,  there  were  a  series  of  law- 
suits that  had  Tom  Butters  thinking  about 
the  need  to  address  Title  IX  compliance  at 


Duke,"  says  Kennedy,  who  is  responsible  for, 
among  other  duties,  generating  institution- 
al reports  on  Duke's  progress  toward  achiev- 
ing and  maintaining  gender  equity. 
Although  the  legal  consequences  of  fail- 
ing to  comply  with  Title 

Of  all  the  women's  teams  at    1Xranf from  slaKp T 'the; 

wrist  tines  to  the  loss  of 
Duke,  VarSitV  basketball  federal  funding,  pressures 

shows  just  how  far  women     trom  extemal  a?d  intfmal 

constituents  also  play  a 

can  go  when  given  the  right   r«ie  in  how  quickly  coi 
resources  and  support.         lejf and,  diversities  have 

addressed  gender  equity.  In 


1980,  members  of  the  university's  student- 
run  Association  for  Duke  Women  (ADW) 
filed  a  Title  IX  complaint  with  the  Depart- 
ment of  Education.  The  complaint  alleged 
that  Duke  discriminated  against  women  in 
housing,  faculty  recruitment,  and  athletics. 
Mary  Brew  '81  says  that  she  and  her  ADW 
peers  were  more  concerned  about  the  dispro- 
portionate number  of  men  granted  dormito- 
ry space  on  West  Campus  than  a  dearth  of 
sports  opportunities  for  women. 

"People  had  been  complaining  about  it 
for  years,  and  it  was  so  obvious  that  there  was 
a  disparity,"  says  Brew.  "University  adminis- 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


tration  said  yes,  we  know  it's  a  problem,  but 
then  they  never  did  anything  about  it." 
Weary  at  the  lack  of  progress,  Brew  and  her 
fellow  ADW  students  saw  the  complaint  as 
a  way  to  force  the  university's  hand.  "Once 
the  suit  was  brought,  the  federal  govern- 
ment dragged  its  heels,  but  the  university 
did  pick  up  the  PR  ball,"  Brew  says.  "After  I 
graduated,  I  heard  that  the  university  formed 
a  committee  to  examine  reallocating  hous- 
ing, and  eventually  did,  so  I  felt  as  though 
we  accomplished  what  we  set  out  to  do." 

Then  in  1997,  the  National  Women's 
Law  Center,  a  Washington-based  legal- 
advocacy  organization,  filed  a  Title  IX  com- 
plaint that  accused  Duke  and  twenty-four 
other  schools  of  failing  to  provide  adequate 
numbers  of  athletic  scholarships  for  women. 
Within  two  years,  Duke  had  put  together  a 
plan  to  add  additional  scholarships  for  fe- 
male student-athletes,  including  those  par- 
ticipating in  crew,  soccer,  lacrosse,  volley- 
ball, and  tennis.  Kennedy  told  the  Durham 
Herald-Sun  that  "The  process  of  getting  us 
where  we  need  to  be  started  before  this  com- 
plaint was  filed.  And  it's  going  to  go  on." 

Today's  athletics  departments,  says  Ken- 
nedy, are  guided  by  a  series  of  often  competing 
priorities.  At  Duke,  that  includes  alumni  ex- 
pectations and  the  strong  history  of  sports; 
the  escalating  costs  of  attracting  and  retain- 
ing student-athletes  and  coaches;  working 
closely  with  the  admissions  office  to  ensure 
that  recruited  student-athletes  can  and  do 
succeed  academically;  and  complying  with 
NCAA,  ACC,  and  Title  IX  requirements. 

Currently,  Duke  offers  twelve  varsity  sports 
for  men  and  twelve  for  women.  The  Atlan- 
tic Coast  Conference  requires  all  member 
institutions  to  sponsor  football,  men's  and 
women's  basketball,  and  either  women's 
volleyball  or  women's  soccer.  The  NCAA 
requires  Division  I  institutions  to  sponsor 
a  minimum  of  fourteen  sports — seven  for 
each  gender. 

Duke,  like  all  postsecondary  institutions 
required  to  comply  with  Title  IX,  must  file 
an  Equity  in  Athletics  Disclosure  Act  annual 
report  with  the  Department  of  Education 
(DOE)  on  its  athletic  participation  rates, 
staffing  figures,  and  revenues  and  expenses, 
broken  down  by  men's  and  women's  teams. 
These  reports  are  public  information,  acces- 
sible through  the  DOE's  website. 

Still,  it  can  be  tricky  to  tease  out  informa- 
tion such  as  coaches'  salaries,  which  are  re- 
ported as  an  average.  (Men's  basketball  coach 
Mike  Krzyzewski's  $1  million-plus  salary,  for 
example,  raises  considerably  the  averages  on 
the  men's  side  of  the  equation.)  Athletics-de- 
partment representatives  declined  to  provide 


What  does  Title  IX 
compliance  look  like? 

Despite  popular  misperceptions,  Title 
IX  does  not  require  colleges  and  uni- 
versities to  spend  the  same  amount 
of  money  on  men's  and  women's 
sports  programs,  nor  does  it  require  institutions  to 
__  have  the  same  number  of  men  and  women  varsity 
|  athletes.  To  prove  compliance  with  Title  IX,  colleges 
■3  and  universities  must  meet  only  one  of  three  criteria: 
s  •  The  percentages  of  male  and  female  athletes  are  sub- 
i    stantially  proportionate  to  the  percentages  of  male 
f    and  female  students  enrolled; 
|  •  The  institution  has  a  history  and  continuing  practice 
■s    of  expanding  athletic  opportunities  for  the  under- 
'5    represented  sex,  be  that  male  or  female; 
f  -The  institution  fully  and  effectively  accommodates 
I    the  interests  and  abilities  of  the  underrepresented  sex. 


a  salary  breakdown  for  men's  and  women's 
basketball  head  and  assistant  coaches  or  for 
the  head  and  assistant  football  coaches. 

According  to  the  latest  DOE  report  (2005- 
2006),  men's  and  women's  basketball  brought 
in  revenues  of  $12,199,195  and  $646,937, 
respectively;  expenses  were  $8,133,188  and 
$2,817,662.  Football  revenues  were  $8,381,452; 
expenses  were  $10,052,697.  Not  surprising- 
ly, football  has  long  been  a  flash  point  in 
the  Title  IX  debate,  given  the  number  of 
scholarships  offered  and  the  attendant  cost 
per  participant.  During  his  Duke  presidency, 
Terry  Sanford  led  an  unsuccessful  national 
lobbying  campaign  that  proposed  taking 
football  off  the  table  when  considering  Title 
IX  compliance. 

Saturday  afternoon,  January  13,  2007. 
A  sold-out  Cameron  Indoor  Stadium 
is  packed  with  Blue  Devil  fans  eager  to 
see  Duke  avenge  its  78-75  overtime 
loss  to  Maryland  in  the  finals  of  the  2006 
NCAA  women's  basketball  tournament. 
While  television,  print,  and  radio  reporters 
jostle  for  the  best  vantage  point,  season 
ticket  holders  wave  blue-and-white  pom- 
pons, and  the  Cameron  Crazies,  out  in  full 
force,  are  packed  in  tight  on  the  bleachers. 
Clusters  of  young  girls  hold  autograph 
books  and  talk  to  one  another  about  their 
favorite  players. 

Of  all  the  women's  teams  at  Duke,  basket- 
ball shows  just  how  far  women  can  go  when 
given  the  right  resources  and  support.  Coach 
Gail  Goestenkors,  only  twenty-nine  when 
she  came  to  Duke  in  1992,  has  built  the 
Lady  Devils  into  a  consistently  top-ranked, 


highly  respected  pro- 
gram. She's  also  earned 
recognition  interna- 
tionally, as  assistant 
coach  for  the  USA 
Basketball  team  that 
won  a  gold  medal  at  the 
2004  Olympics,  and  as 
USA  Basketball  Coach 
of  the  Year  the  follow- 
ing year.  Goestenkors 
credits  the  national  ex- 
posure and  luster  of  the 
men's  team  with  help- 
ing her  own  program, 
and  others  at  Duke,  to 
flourish. 

Barb  Krause,  who 
still  holds  the  Duke 
women's  basketball  rec- 
ord for  number  of  re- 
bounds in  a  single  game, 
follows  the  Goestenkors 
squad  religiously,  often  talking  via  cell 
phone  to  friends  who  are  watching  the  game 
live  in  Cameron  or  on  television  at  home. 
Now  the  executive  director  of  the  presi- 
dent's office  at  Skidmore  College — she  held 
a  similar  position  at  Cornell  University — 
Krause  cites  her  participation  in  team  sports 
as  a  key  ingredient  in  her  professional 
achievements.  "It's  a  cliche,  but  true,  that 
playing  sports  taught  me  valuable  lessons 
about  leadership  and  teamwork — what  kind 
of  leader  I  am,  how  groups  need  different 
kinds  of  leaders  depending  on  the  situation, 
and  how  these  things  apply  in  our  personal 
and  professional  lives,"  she  says. 

For  Krause  and  others  like  her,  comparing 
the  current  climate  for  women  athletes 
with  that  of  an  earlier  generation  can  be 
bittersweet.  "Every  year,  we  knew  we  were 
going  to  take  pretty  serious  losses  and  be 
reminded  once  again  that  other  schools 
were  putting  money  into  athletic  scholar- 
ships and  team  support  that  Duke  wasn't," 
she  recalls.  "But  I  also  had,  and  still  have, 
tremendous  respect  for  my  coaches.  They 
were  devoted  to  us  as  individuals,  to  our 
team,  and  to  Duke." 

Krause  says  she  is  disinclined  to  consider 
the  what-ifs  and  what-might-have-beens 
had  Title  IX  compliance  afforded  her  and 
her  teammates  the  opportunities  enjoyed  by 
today's  players.  "I'm  thrilled  to  see  these 
players  have  crowds  turn  out  to  watch 
them,  and  the  full  support  of  the  institu- 
tion. It  would  have  been  nice  to  have  had 
that.  But  there's  a  real  sense  of  pride  and 
satisfaction  in  what  we  did  accomplish.  We 
helped  Duke  turn  the  corner."  ■ 


March-April  2007         37 


The 


o 


HHil 

BY  KERTHAN 

New  manmade  substances  hold 
out  tantalizing  possibilities,  from  better 
/      microscopes  and  military-stealth 
technology  to  the  Holy  Grail  of  sci-fi  fans- 


few  months  ago,  Harry 
Potter  was  all  over  the 
news  again,  and  not  be- 
cause his  creator,  J.K. 
Rowling,  had  completed  her  final  book 
about  the  boy  wizard  and  his  friends.  Rather, 
a  group  of  scientists  at  Duke  had  invented  a 
device  that  reroutes  light  to  create  a  "hole" 
in  space  and  hide  objects  from  prying  eyes 
— a  device  that  was  repeatedly  compared 
with  Harry's  magical  invisibility  cloak. 

Like  many  non-magical,  "muggle"  versions 
of  things,  the  Duke  device  isn't  perfect.  For 
now,  it  makes  objects  invisible  only  to  mi- 
crowaves; humans,  whose  eyes  work  in  visi- 
ble light,  see  the  objects  just  fine. 

Still,  the  promise  of  attaining  this  elusive 
super  power,  however  distant,  captured  the 
imagination  of  millions.  The  Duke  team's 
achievement,  detailed  in  the  November  2006 
issue  of  the  journal  Science,  was  heralded  as 
an  astonishing  success,  praised  by  the  scien- 
tific community,  and  reported  in  every  ma- 
jor newspaper  in  the  world:  Invisibility,  a 
favorite  staple  of  fantasy  and  science  fiction, 
was  one  tantalizing  step  closer  to  reality. 

The  cloaking  device  was  created  by  a  team 
led  by  David  R.  Smith,  an  associate  profes- 
sor of  electrical  and  computer  engineering 


at  Duke's  Pratt  School  of  Engineering,  and 
David  Schurig,  a  research  associate  in  elec- 
trical and  computer  engineering  at  Pratt. 
For  their  achievement,  Smith  and  Schurig 
were  named  two  of  the  world's  top  fifty  sci- 
entists by  Scientific  American  in  2006. 

But  while  the  concept  of  invisibility  is  in 
itself  fascinating,  the  researchers  say  the 
larger  impetus  for  their  research  was  a  desire 


Now  you  see  them: 
Smith,  left,  and  Schurig 
have  captured  the 
imagination  of  scientists 
and  daydr 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


to  probe  the  possibilities  of  a  recently  devel- 
oped class  of  engineered  substances,  called 
"metamaterials,"  the  full  potential  of  which 
has  yet  to  be  realized.  The  invisibility  de- 
vice was  a  dazzling  proof-of-concept  experi- 
ment intended  to  demonstrate  the  power  of 
this  new  class  of  manmade  materials. 

Metamaterials  are  allowing  scientists  to 
control  light  in  ways  unknown  in  nature 


and  considered  impossible  only  a  few  years 
ago.  By  breaking  rules  long  considered  invi- 
olate in  physics,  metamaterials  are  chang- 
ing how  scientists  think  about  light  and  are 
breathing  new  life  into  well-established 
fields  such  as  optics  and  electromagnetism. 
In  the  future,  the  Duke  team's  metamate- 
rials could  be  used  to  conceal  military  air- 
craft from  radar  better  than  current  stealth 


technology,  protect  people  and  electronics 
against  harmful  electromagnetic  radiation, 
create  super-sensitive  solar  cells,  or  focus 
light  rays  into  tight  beams,  enabling  a  satel- 
lite orbiting  Mars,  for  example,  to  transmit 
power  to  a  rover  on  the  planet's  surface. 

Two  other  classes  of  metamaterials,  being 
developed  by  other  researchers,  have  the  po- 
tential to  create  "super  lenses"  that  could  be 


March-April  2007 


fitted  onto  microscopes  and  allow  scientists  to  in  three  rows  along  the  outside  of  the  rings,  around  the  cloak  and  avoid  the  interior  re- 
peer  into  the  mysterious  inner  workings  of  In  their  experiments,  the  researchers  placed  gion.  So  it  looks  as  if  they  just  pass  through 
living  cells,  or  to  shepherd  electrons  more  a  small,  squat,  copper  cylinder  about  a  half-  free  space,"  Smith  explains.  The  researchers 
precisely  and  efficiently  for  the  construction  inch  tall  and  two  inches  in  diameter  into  a  liken  the  effect  to  water  flowing  virtually 
of  smaller  electronics  and  faster  computers.  hole  in  the  center  of  the  device.  The  entire 
In  the  very  broadest  sense,  all  of  these  setup  was  sandwiched  between  two  hori- 
classes  of  metamaterials  function  by 

Electromagnetic 

Spectrum  g  £ 


controlling  how  light  behaves  when 
it  comes  in  contact  with  the  mate- 
rial. How  they  do  this  varies,  but  all  of 
these  metamaterials  have  one  thing 
in  common:  Unlike  natural  mate- 
rials, structure  is  more  important  for 
determining  their  optical  properties 
than  chemistry.  In  other  words,  how 
a  metamaterial's  atoms  and  mole- 
cules are  arranged  is  more  important 
for  controlling  its  interactions  with 
light  than  what  those  atoms  and 
molecules  are  actually  made  of. 

Schurig  compares  the  difference 
between  conventional  and  meta- 
materials with  the  different  ways 
that  ink  can  be  arranged  on  a  sheet 
of  papet.  "If  you  had  a  sheet  of  paper 
with  ink  all  over  it  in  random  pat- 
terns, that's  different  from  printed 
text,"  he  says.  The  arrangement  of  5Q0 
ink  into  precise  patterns — letters — 
is  what  makes  printed  text  readable. 
Similarly,  Smith  says,  it  is  the  ar- 
rangement of  atoms  and  molecules 
into  larger  structures  in  metamateri-  10° 
als  that  lets  them  perform  their  seem- 
ingly magical  tricks  with  light.  By  50 
patterning  things  on  the  macroscop- 
ic level  of  multi-atom  structures,  sci- 
entists can  create  effects  not  possible 
in  ordinary  materials. 

The  Duke  team's  cloaking  device  is  sur- 
prisingly small — less  than  five  inches  across 
It  consists  often  concentric  rings  of  fiber- 
glass and  looks  like 


zontal  aluminum  plates,  and  microwave 

light  was  beamed  in  through  the  gap  onto 

the  device.  Light  rays  striking  the  device  get 

loosely  coiled  roll  of     channeled  around  the  rings  and  emerge  on 


movie  film.  Etched  in  copper  on  each  ring 
are  numerous  U-shaped  patterns,  repeated 


the  opposite  side. 

"The  microwaves  come  in  and  are  swept 


undisturbed  around  a  smooth  rock  in  a 
stream — but  with  one  important  difference. 
"In  the  stream,  the  rock  pushes  wa- 
ter out  of  the  way,"  Schurig  says. 
"The  metamaterial  doesn't  push  the 
light  outside  of  itself,  it  guides  it 
through  itself." 

Put  another  way,  the  device  func- 
tions not  unlike  a  beltway  diverting 
traffic  around  a  city:  Cars  traveling 
along  a  linear  street  enter  the  ring 
m  road  and  circle  partway  around  the 

city  before  emerging  on  the  other 
s^de,  onto  another  linear  street. 

ight  is  an  energy  wave  made  up 
of  intertwined  electric  and  mag- 
netic fields  hurtling  through 
|  space  at  a  swift  186,000  miles 
per  second.  Humans  are  only  sensitive 
to  electromagnetic  waves  within  a 
narrow  range  of  frequencies,  called 
the  visible  spectrum.  Our  eyes  per- 
ceive the  different  frequencies  as 
colors.  We  can't  see  electromagnetic 
waves  of  longer  frequencies,  such  as 
radio  waves  and  microwaves,  or  of 
|  shorter  frequencies,  such  as  X-rays 
|  and  gamma  rays. 

|  Electromagnetic  waves  interact  with 
|  matter  by  influencing  the  motions  of 
"  the  electrons  in  the  atoms  making 
|  up  the  matter.  Light's  magnetic  field 
w  causes  the  electrons  to  move  in  cir- 
3  cles,  while  its  electric  field  makes 
the  tiny  charged  particles  bob  up  and  down. 
If  not  interacting  with  light,  the  electrons 
in  atoms  "would  move  like  free  particles," 
Schurig  explains.  "They  wouldn't  move  in 
any  particular  direction.  If  they  were  sitting, 
they'd  stay  sitting.  If  they  were  moving  in  a 


j  search  for  the  true  nature  of  light  goes  back 
centuries  and  includes  contributions  from  some  of 
the  most  illustrious  scientists  in  history. 

To  the  ancient  Egyptians,  light  was  the  gaze  of 
their  supreme  god,  Ra,  and  it  emanated  from  the 
sun  and  the  moon,  Ra's  eyes.  The  ancient  Greeks 
ved  the  reverse:  Pythagoras  thought  internal  fires  in  the 
nan  eyes  illuminated  the  world,  while  Plato  believed  sight 
>  only  possible  when  the  fires  of  the  eye  met  and  combined 
i  daylight,  the  fire  of  the  sun. 

In  1000  AD,  a  Persian  scientist  named  Abu  AH  Hasan  Ibn  al- 
itham  (known  in  the  west  as  Alhazen)  used  a  combination 
ogic  and  experimentation  to  show  that  light  did  not  shoot 


out  from  our  eyes,  but  entered  into  them,  to  produce  vision. 
Centuries  later,  his  work  influenced  Roger  Bacon  and  Johannes 
Kepler,  among  others. 

In  the  seventeenth  century,  a  debate  erupted  over  the  defi- 
nition of  light.  Christiaan  Huygens  believed  light  was  a  wave, 
while  Isaac  Newton  argued  that  it  was  a  particle.  Due  mainly  to 
his  well-established  reputation,  Newton's  particle  theory  won 
out  and  was  accepted  for  more  than  a  century. 

The  pendulum  swung  the  other  way  in  the  early  nineteenth 
century.  In  1801  Thomas  Young  performed  a  series  of  ingen- 
ious experiments  showing  that  light  rays  could  interfere  with 
one  another  in  a  way  similar  to  water  and  sound  waves. 

A  half-century  later,  the  Scottish  scientist  James  Clerk 


Maxwell  showed  that  electric  and  magnetic  fields  travel 
through  space  together  in  the  form  of  intertwined  wa' 
Maxwell  further  demonstrated  that  these  "electromagne 
waves  travel  at  precisely  the  speed  of  light,  leading  him  t 
rectly  propose  that  light  was  an  electromagnetic  wave. 

The  debate  seemed  settled  and  Huygens  appeared  vindicat- 
ed, but  in  the  early  twentieth  century,  the  work  of  Max  Planck, 
Albert  Einstein,  and  many  others  revealed  a  strange  third  pos- 
sibility, which  repeated  experiments  have  since  confirmed: 
Both  light  and  matter,  it  turns  out,  exhibit  properties  of  both 
waves  and  particles.  Called  wave-particle  duality,  this  is  a  cen- 
tral concept  in  quantum  mechanics. 

— KerThan 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


straight  line,  they  would  continue  to  do  so." 
So  light  influences  matter,  but  the  reverse 
is  also  true:  The  electrons'  motions  generate 
electric  and  magnetic  fields  of  their  own, 
and  these  fields  in  turn  interact  with  the 
electric  and  magnetic  fields  of  light  to  influ- 
ence its  direction  and  speed. 

The  cloaking  device  created  by  the  Duke 
team  takes  advantage  of  this  principle  to 
bend  light  in  precise  ways.  When  light  pass- 
es from  air  into  a  denser  medium  such  as 


glass  or  water,  it  slows  down  and  shifts  di- 
rection or  "refracts." 

"Light  bends  in  glass  [or  water]  because 
you've  got  moving  electrons  in  [the]  atoms 
whose  motions  create  their  own  electro- 
magnetic field,"  explains  Steven  Cummer, 
an  associate  professor  of  electrical  and  com- 
puter engineering  at  the  Pratt  School  who 
also  worked  on  the  invisibility  device.  Think 
of  the  classic  high-school  lab  experiment, 
in  which  a  straw  is  dipped  into  a  glass  cup 


half  full  of  water.  The  submerged  part  of  the 
straw  looks  as  if  it  is  no  longer  continuous 
with  the  portion  above  the  water.  The  refrac- 
tion of  light  as  it  passes  from  air  into  water 
creates  the  illusion  that  the  straw  is  broken. 
The  direction  and  degree  that  light  rays 
bend  when  entering  a  new  medium  is  deter- 
mined by  an  optical  property  called  the  in- 
dex of  retraction.  For  glass,  water,  and  most 
other  natural  materials,  the  index  of  refrac- 
tion is  uniform  throughout  the  entire  mate- 


Deceptively  simple: 
The  cloaking  device 
consists  of  ten 
concentric  rings 
of  fiberglass,  with 
copper  etched  in 
repeating  U-shaped 
patterns 


March-April  2007 


and  counterintuitive  properties  unlike  any- 
thing found  in  nature.  Children  swimming 
in  a  pool  of  negative-index  liquid,  for  exam- 
ple, would  look  as  if  they  were  doing  back- 
strokes in  air  because  their  reflections  would 
appear  above  the  pool's  surface.  And  the 
aforementioned  straw,  if  dipped  into  a  glass  of 


rial.  Not  so  with  the  Duke  team's  metama-  Veselago  further  demonstrated  that  a  neg- 
terial.  "In  our  case,  the  material  properties  vary  ative-index  material  would  have  startling 
from  point  to  point  in  the  cloak,"  Schurig  says. 
This  means  light  can  bend  in  many  dif- 
ferent directions  at  once  within  the  meta- 
material.  "The  index  of  refraction  varies 
throughout  our  material,  and  it's  that  varia- 
tion that  causes  the  light  rays  to  bend  and 
gp  ar^ufid  the  object,"  Schurig  explains. 

hile  scientif- 
ic interest  in 
metamateri- 
ls  has  sky- 
rocketed in  recent  years, 
their  antecedents  can 
be  traced  back  to  at 
least  the  time  of  the  Ro- 
mans, says  Ulf  Leon- 
hardt,  a  professor  of  the- 
oretical physics  at  the 
University  of  St.  An- 
drews in  Scotland.  Ro- 
man craftsmen  made 
bright,  blood-red  glass, 
called  "ruby"  glass,  by 
mixing  molten  glass  with 
microscopic  spheres  of 
gold.  The  diameter  of 
each  gold  sphere  was 
thousands  of  times  smaller  than  the  width  of  negative- index  water,  would  appear  to  bend 
a  human  hair.  At  such  a  small  scale,  gold  is     all  the  way  out  of  the  water  in  a  V-shape. 


MM 


position  (cm) 


Microwaves  travling  from  left  to  right  encounter  (a)  scientists'  simulation  of  perfect  cloaking 
device,  with  object  completely  concealed;  (b)  simulated  device  possible  with  current  technology, 
with  object  imperfectly  concealed;  (c)  actual  copper  cylinder,  without  cloaking  device;  and 
(d)  Duke's  cloaking  device,  copper  cylinder  concealed.  Color  bar,  right,  shows  amplitude  of  the 
microwaves;  red  represents  the  crest  of  the  wave,  and  blue,  the  nadir. 


no  longer  golden.  Electrons  on  the  surface  of 
the  tiny  particles  absorb  blue  and  yellow 
light  but  reflect  longer-wavelength  red  light. 
The  result  is  red,  not  gold,  tinted  glass. 

Like  modern  metamaterials,  ruby  glass  was 
made  by  combining  two  or  more  natural 
materials  to  create  a  novel  electromagnetic 
effect.  The  difference  between  the  Romans 
and  modern  scientists  is 
that  "we  now  have  more 
control,"  Leonhardt  says. 
"We  can  design  structures 
more  clearly  and  compute 


structures  precisely  arranged  in  repeating 
patterns.  Think  of  a  valet-parked  garage 
where  each  vehicle  lines  up  perfectly  with 
the  next  to  form  a  tidy  row-by-row  pattern 
of  cars.  According  to  Cummer,  Pendry's 
main  insight  was  that  scientists  could  fabri- 
cate whole  structures  made  up  of  multiple 
atoms  that  behaved  like  individual  atoms  in 
a  normal  material. 

A  material  made  this 
way  would  be  easier  to 
manufacture  because, 
as  Leonhardt  puts  it, 
"scientists  can  more 
easily  make  structures 
than  chemists  can  make 
new  materials."  A  met- 
amaterial  can  also  be 
designed  to  respond  to 
the  electric  and  mag- 
netic fields  that  make 
up  light  in  ways  un- 
known in  nature.  (The 
prefix  in  "metama- 
terial"  comes  from  the 
Greek  word  "meta," 
meaning  "beyond.") 

Soon  after  Pendry 
had  his  epiphany,  his 
team  created  two  mod- 
ern-day metamaterials:  One  was  an  array  of 
metal  coils  that  manipulated  only  the  mag- 
netic field  component  of  light;  the  other 
was  a  lattice  of  wires  that  affected  only 
light's  electric  field.  "There  was  some 
interest  in  that,  but  it  didn't  become  this 
huge  growing  field  until  David  Smith  had 


For  years,  Veselago  worked  in  vain  to  find 
or  create  a  material  with  the  remarkable 
electromagnetic  properties  his  formulas  pre- 
dicted. But  his  efforts  ended  in  failure  and 
his  idea  eventually  came  to  be  regarded  by 

the  physics  community  as  a  fascinating  but     the  insight  to  put  these  two  things  togeth- 
far-fetched  possibility,   the  "unicorn"  of     er,"  Schurig  says. 

electromagnetic  research.  Smith's  team  combined  Pendry's  metal 

coils  and  wires  into  a 

Children  swimming  in  a  pool  of  negative-index  liquid  would  look 

as  if  they  were  doing  backstrokes  in  air  because  their  reflections  would 

appear  above  the  pool's  surface. 


them  in  advance,  instead 

of  trying  things  out  by  trial  and  error.  Our  Indeed,  negative-index  research  didn't 
manufacturing  processes  are  also  much  bet-  start  to  become  serious  science  again  for  some 
ter  than  what  the  Romans  were  able  to  do."     thirty  years.  In  2000,  a  team  that  included 

The  story  of  modern  metamaterials  is  much 
younger  and  is  still  being  written,  but  it  be- 
gan with  a  group  of  scientists  who  figured  out 
how  to  bend  light  the  wrong  way.  Until  just  a 
few  years  ago,  every  material  ever  examined 
had  a  positive  index  of  refraction,  meaning  it 
always  caused  light  passing  through  it  to  bend 
to  the  right  of  the  incoming  beam.  But  in 
1967  a  Soviet  physicist  named  Victor  Vesela- 


single    metamaterial 
capable  of  manipulat- 
ing both  the  electric 
and    magnetic    field 
components  of  light 
simultaneously.  In  this  way,  they  were  able  to 
make  Veselago 's  fabled  negative-index  mate- 
rial a  reality.  The  metamaterial  created  by 
Smith,  then  an  associate  adjunct  professor     Smith's  team  "showed  clearly  that  you  could 
of  physics  at  the  University  of  California  at     engineer  something  that  was  totally  unlike 


San  Diego  (UCSD),  created  one  of  the 
world's  first  metamaterials,  capable  of  doing 
exactly  what  Veselago  had  predicted. 


anything  you  could  get  out  of  nature," 
Cummer  says. 
Schurig,  a  graduate  student  at  UCSD  at 


Smith's  team  built  upon  the  work  of     the  time,  remembers  the  excitement — and 


another  scientist,  Sir  John  Pendry,  a  physi- 
cist now  at  Imperial  College  London.  A  few 
years  before,  Pendry  realized  that  a  material 
go  showed  that  it  was  theoretically  possible  to  could  be  thought  of  as  more  than  just  a  col- 
create  a  material  with  a  negative  index  of  lection  of  identical  atoms  or  molecules;  it 
refraction  that  could  bend  light  to  the  left.        could  also  be  composed  of  larger  multi-atom 


skepticism — surrounding  Smith  and  Schultz's 
success.  "About  half  the  scientists  who  had 
heard  about  it  didn't  believe  it,"  Schurig 
recalls.  "But  it  was  interesting  enough  that  a 
few  more  people  started  working  on  it,  and 
they  were  able  to  confirm  those  early  re- 


42 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


BBfH                                           ¥  r_  <j    ;.| 

had  been  explored  in  everything  from  ancient  myths  to  mod- 
ern-day books  and  movies.  Here  are  ten  of  the  better-known 
examples: 

its  wearers  invisible  but,  as  the  creature  Gollum  illustrates, 
also  corrupts  them.  In  the  famous  trilogy  that  followed, 
The  Lord  of  the  Rings,  Tolkien  reveals  that  the  Dark  Lord 
Sauron  forged  the  ring,  which  has  vast  power  and  can 

The  Tarnkappe  In  early  Germanic  mythology,  the  war- 
rior Siegfried  battles  the  dwarf  king  Alberich  and  takes  a 
cloak  called  the  Tarnkappe  that  not  only  grants  invisibility 

hut  akn  makp*  its  u/parpr  ;k  <;frnnn  ;k  twplvp  mpn 

control  the  wearers  of  the  other  rings  in  Middle  Earth. 
Invisible  Woman   In  The  Fantastic  Four  comics,  Susan 

The  Invisible  Man  In  H.G.  Wells' famous  novel,  the 
brilliant  medical  student  Griffin  succeeds  in  making  himsell 
invisible,  but  finds  that  the  effect  is  irreversible.  Griffin  goes 
mad,  commits  murder,  and  is  eventually  killed  himself. 

after  being  exposed  to  cosmic  rays  during  a  science 
mission  in  space.  Her  new  power  enables  her  to  render 
herself,  and  the  people  and  things  around  her,  invisible 
and  to  erect  invisible  force  fields. 

Cloaked  Romulan  Ships  In  the  fictional  Star  Trek 

television  universe,  "bird-of-prey"starships  created 
by  a  race  of  aliens  called  the  Romulan  use  a  cloaking 

J^1 

'A 

technology  that  can  elude  even  the  most  sophisticated 
tracking  sensors. 

The  SEP  Field  In  Douglas  Adams'  The  Hitchhiker's 
Guide  to  the  Galaxy,  aliens  have  developed  an  alternative, 
cheaper  form  of  invisibility  called  the  Somebody  Else's 

L 

Problem  (SEP)  field.  Anything  i 
is  transformed  into  "somebody 
becoming  essentially  undetect 

Predator  In  the  1987  movie 
enegger,  an  alien  that  comes  ti 
uses  a  camouflage  device  that 

cloaked  by  the  SEP  field 
else's  problem,"thus 
able. 

1  starring  Arnold  Schwarz- 
3  Earth  to  hunt  humans 
allows  it  to  blend  in  with 

BUD 

ABBorr^QxrEiw 

,  MEET  THE 

its  surroundings.  The  effect  is  a 
wavelike  shimmer  gives  away 
daily  when  it  is  moving. 

Harry  Potter  in  the  books  1 
headmaster  Albus  Dumbledon 

Imost  perfect,  but  a  heat 
the  alien's  presence,  espe- 

jyJ.K.  Rowling,  Hogwarts 
;  gives  Harry  an  invisibility 

".  NANCY  GUILD  •  AOELE  JERGENS 

cloak  that  once  belonged  to  hi: 
to  be  transparent  and  to  shimr 

>  late  father.  The  cloak,  said 
ner  like  rippling  water, 

Philadelphia  Experiment  The  Philadelphia  Experiment 
is  an  alleged  U.S.  Navy  venture  that  was  performed  October 
28, 1 943.  According  to  the  legend,  the  destroyer  USS  Eldridge 

proves  invaluable  to  the  boy  wizara  in  nis  aaveniures. 

James  Bond  In  the  2002  movie  Die  Another  Day, 
Bond's  gadget  wizard,  Q,  makes  an  Aston  Martin  V-12 
Vanquish  effectively  invisible  by  covering  its  surface  with 

was  made  invisible  and  teleporti 
Norfolk,  Virginia,  and  back  again 

;d  from  Philadelphia  to 

micro-cameras  that  project  images  recorded  on  one  side 
of  the  car  onto  the  other  side. 

suits.  More  and  more  people  have  been 
pouring  into  the  field  ever  since." 

One  of  those  people  was  Schurig  himself, 
who  joined  Smith's  team  in  2000.  "I  was 
working  on  other  things,  but  after  a  while  I 
couldn't  resist,"  Schurig  says.  "I  could  see 
that  what  [Smith]  was  doing  was  more  in- 
teresting, so  I  dropped  what  I  was  doing  and 
started  working  on  that."  When  Smith  was 
offered  a  position  as  an  associate  professor 
at  Duke  in  2004,  Schurig  made  the  cross- 
country trip  with  him. 

At  Duke,  Smith  and  Schurig  began  a 
long-distance  collaboration  with  Pendry.  In 
May  2006,  the  scientists  published  a  paper 


in  Science  detailing  the  theoretical  blue- 
print for  another  type  of  metamaterial,  one 
that  didn't  so  much  bend  light  in  the  wrong 
direction  as  bend  it  in  many  different  direc- 
tions at  once.  A  scant  five  months  later,  the 
team  announced  the  working  prototype  of 
its  theory:  the  invisibility  device. 

"There  are  several  possible  goals  one  may 
have  for  cloaking  an  object,"  says  Schurig. 
"One  goal  would  be  to  conceal  an  object 
from  discovery  by  agents  using  probing  or 
environmental  radiation.  Another  would 
be  to  allow  electromagnetic  fields  to  essen- 
tially pass  through  a  potentially  obstructing 
object.  For  example,  you  may  wish  to  put  a 


cloak  over  the  refinery  that  is  blocking  your 
view  of  the  bay." 

While  widely  praised  as  a  success,  the  Duke 
team's  device  is  still  limited.  Besides  render- 
ing the  "cloaked"  object  invisible  to  micro- 
waves, but  not  humans,  it  works  only  in  two 
dimensions,  so  it  is  invisible  only  from  the 
side.  In  addition,  not  all  of  the  light  is  redi- 
rected; some  of  it  gets  absorbed  or  scattered, 
creating  small  reflections  and  shadows  that 
give  away  its  presence. 

"Visible  light  would  probably  be  the  final 
frontier  of  metamaterials,"  Schurig  says.  "It 
would  be  very  difficult."  For  a  metamaterial  to 
work,  its  composite  structures  must  be  smaller 
than  the  wavelength  of  light  it  is  designed  to 
manipulate.  For  example,  microwaves  have 
wavelengths  of  about  1.2  inches.  The  struc- 
tures in  the  Duke  team's  metamaterial  are 
0.13  inches  wide — smaller  by  a  factor  of  nine. 
To  manipulate  visible  light  using  the  same 
design,  scientists  would  need  to  make  meta- 
materials with  parts  tens  of  thousands  of 
times  smaller. 

"It's  a  real  challenge  to  make  optical  meta- 
materials work  because  you  have  to  fabric- 
ate very  tiny  structures,"  Cummer  says.  "No- 
body has  figured  out  an  especially  good  way 
of  doing  that.  It's  being  done  in  baby  steps." 

The  problem  is  more  than  one  of  scale, 
however.  Even  if  the  Duke  team  managed 
to  shrink  the  structures  in  the  invisibility 
device,  it  would  not  work  as  well  in  visible 
light  as  it  now  does  with  microwaves.  That's 
because  the  metals  used  in  the  Duke  device's 
construction  would  behave  differently  under 
optical  wavelengths.  They  would  become 
what  scientists  call  "lossy,"  absorbing  the 
light  instead  of  redirecting  it.  The  object  that 
a  researcher  wanted  to  render  invisible  would 
"just  become  very  opaque,  rather  than  trans- 
parent," Smith  says.  "We  need  to  make  non- 
lossy  materials,"  adds  Schurig,  "and  we  might 
need  to  get  away  from  metals  to  do  it." 

But  if  these  hurdles  can  be  overcome, 
metamaterials  have  the  potential  to  revolu- 
tionize everything  from  optics  and  electron- 
ics to  biology.  As  a  recent  article  in  New 
Scientist  put  it,  "Metamaterials  will  com- 
pletely change  the  way  we  approach  optics 
and  nearly  every  aspect  of  electronics.  Just 
as  solid-state  devices  replaced  vacuum  tubes, 
metamaterial  optics  will  make  glass  lenses  a 
quaint  artifact  of  an  obsolete  era." 

Invisibility  might  be  just  one  of  the  seem- 
ingly magical  technologies  possible  in  a 
future  where  metamaterials  are  ubiquitous. 
The  most  remarkable  uses  for  metamaterials 
likely  haven't  even  been  dreamed  up  yet.  ■ 

Than  is  a  freelance  writer  living  in  New  York. 


March-April  2007 


44         DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Leap 


Through  a  combination  of  rigor,  reli- 
gion, and  love,  a  private  middle 
school  with  strong  ties  to  Duke 
seeks  to  transform  promising  young- 
sters from  poor  families  into  aca- 
demic achievers.  It's  a  task,  they 
find,  that's  monumental. 

By  Barry  Yeoman 

As  an  August  drizzle  falls  outside,  thir- 
ty-one middle-schoolers  sit  at  long 
tables  in  a  North  Carolina  moun- 
tain lodge.  It's  the  end  of  summer 
vacation:  Next  week  they  will  begin  the 
academic  year  at  Durham  Nativity  School, 
an  all-male,  tuition-free,  private  middle 
school  designed  to  offer  a  rigorous  educa- 
tion to  a  handful  of  youngsters  from  poor 
families. 

For  three  years,  the  boys  will  wear  French 
blue  shirts  and  striped  ties,  greet  dieir  teachers 
with  handshakes,  and  enjoy  a  five-to-one 
student-to-teacher  ratio.  If  they  graduate 
from  eighth  grade,  the  administration  will 
help  them  apply  for  scholarships  to  private 
high  schools. 

Before  delving  into  Latin  and  world  ge- 
ography, though,  the  student  body  has  re- 
treated to  the  200-acre  Camp  Kahdalea, 
where  a  lanky  mountain  guide  is  explaining 
how  to  safely  navigate  a  high-ropes  course. 
"You  want  to  make  sure  your  waist  belt  is  as 
tight  as  possible,"  he  says,  demonstrating  the 
gear.  He  scans  the  room.  "Have  any  ques- 
tions? Comments?  Fears?" 

"Fears!"  says  twelve-year-old  Kyle,  punctu- 
ating his  own  anxiety.  He  has  latte-brown 
skin  and  hazel  eyes,  a  T-shirt  from  hip-hop 


star  P.  Millers  fashion  line,  and  a  goofball  smile 
that  doesn't  let  up,  even  when  he's  scared. 

Camp  staffers  hand  out  long  ropes  with 
lobster-claw  clasps,  which  the  boys  will  use 
to  secure  themselves  as  they  walk  a  steel 
cable  thirty-five  feet  up  in  the  air.  They  point 
out  the  course's  features,  including  the  "leap 
of  faith,"  a  three-foot  gap  the  boys  must  jump 
to  complete  the  challenge.  Kyle  has  never 
climbed  so  much  as  a  ladder  without  his 
grandfather  present.  But  during  a  trial  run 
on  some  low  ropes,  his  fears  vanish. 

"I  wiggle  till  I  giggle,  and  I  just  don't  fall 
down.  I'm  a  monkey  in  a  tree,"  he  announces. 
"When  I  practice,  I  don't  feel  scared  any- 
more. Now,  any  obstacle,  even  the  leap  of 
faith,  better  watch  out,  because  here  I  come." 

Watching  Kyle  balance  across  a  cable,  it's 
easy  to  believe  he  can  overcome  anything. 
A  self-described  "pink  energizer  bunny,"  he 
belts  out  Elvis  songs  and  Broadway  tunes; 
raps  freestyle  with  elan;  and  strikes  1950s 
Adonis  poses  with  a  keen  sense  of  physical 
comedy.  "He  could  probably  sell  salt  water 
to  any  fish,"  says  the  school's  founding  head- 
master, Troy  Weaver  '83. 

What  he  can't  do  well  is  read  and  write. 


Of 

Faith 


Diagnosed  with  a  learning  disability,  Kyle 
struggles  with  spelling  and  cannot  make 
sense  of  subjects  and  predicates.  "He's  so 
used  to  being  able  to  do  everything  well,  the 
fact  that  he  can't  do  something  well  really 
grates  on  him,"  says  his  mother,  who  raises 
three  sons,  works  at  a  call  center,  and  takes 
online  business  classes. 

Up  in  the  air,  Kyle  gains  his  footing  on  the 
cable  and  practically  glides  across  the  ropes 
course.  How  will  this  translate  to  the  class- 
room, for  him  and  thirty  others?  Can  small 
classes,  compassionate  discipline,  and  a  daily 
dose  of  religion  guide  these  young  men  across 
an  economic  and  academic  leap  of  faith? 


March-April  2007 


Durham  Nativity  School  (DNS) 
opened  five  years  ago  with  a  bold 
premise:  Take  a  small  number  of 
promising  boys  from  low-income 
households.  Spend  $19,000  per  child  each 
year,  compared  with  $8,400  in  the  public 
schools.  Dress  them  in  uniforms;  limit  class 
sizes  to  fifteen;  and  teach  them  manners, 
study  habits,  and  volunteerism  alongside 
the  standard  middle-school  curriculum.  Track 
them  through  high  school  and  college,  with 
the  expectation  that  they'll  eventually  re- 
turn to  Durham  as  civic  leaders. 

It's  a  concept  that  dates  back  to  1971,  when 
the  Jesuits  started  a  school  on  New  York's 
Lower  East  Side  focusing  on  social  and  spiri- 
tual development.  Others  followed  suit 
until  more  than  fifty  faith-based  middle 
schools  came  together  as  the  NativityMiguel 
Network. 

NativityMiguel  schools  feature  extended 
academic  days  and  years.  They  don't  charge 
tuition,  but  they  do  expect  intensive  paren- 
tal involvement.  They  emphasize  structure 
and  discipline.  And  they  get  results:  Accord- 
ing to  the  network's  website,  90  percent  of 
graduates  go  on  to  complete  high  school. 
Most  attend  college. 

Boosters  find  these  numbers  compelling, 
particularly  as  other  efforts  to  close  the  na- 
tion's learning  gap  have  failed.  In  2005,  three 
years  after  the  passage  of  the  No  Child  Left 
Behind  Act,  12  percent  of  black  and  1 5  per- 
cent of  Hispanic  eighth-graders  qualified  as 
"proficient"  in  reading,  compared  with  39 
percent  of  their  white  peers. 

It  took  a  Duke  surgery  professor  to  bring 
the  Nativity  model  to  Durham.  As  Joseph 
Moylan  neared  retirement  age,  he  recalled 
his  own  son's  experience  tutoring  a  less  for- 
tunate classmate,  and  wondered  how  to  reach 
more  children  who  lived  in  poverty.  Visit- 
ing schools  across  the  country,  he  took  no- 
tice of  Nativity's  academic  success  rate.  "Our 
vision  was  that  we  could  create  a  university 
laboratory  school,"  he  says.  He  imagined 
Duke  professors  teaching  some  of  the  class- 
es, while  public-policy  researchers  studied 
the  results.  (So  far,  this  has  not  happened.) 

Moylan  recruited  a  Duke-heavy  board, 
including  Dean  of  Students  Sue  Wasiolek 
76,  M.H.A.  78,  LL.M.  '93,  and  Tom  White 
'76,  a  former  president  of  the  Greater  Dur- 
ham Chamber  of  Commerce.  He  solicited 
funding  from  GlaxoSmithKline,  IBM,  Home 
Depot,  Citigroup  Smith  Barney,  and  an  ar- 
ray of  churches  and  foundations. 


Seeking  a  headmaster,  he  tapped  another 
Duke  alumnus.  Troy  Weaver  had  taught  at 
the  Durham  County  Youth  Home,  a  facility 
for  juvenile  offenders,  as  well  as  the  presti- 
gious Cary  Academy,  near  Raleigh.  As  an 
African-American  educator,  he  particularly 
relished  the  idea  of  reaching  out  to  minority 
males — the  school  does  not  discriminate  by 
race,  but  the  student  body  reflects  its  loca- 
tion in  a  predominantly  African-American 
and  Hispanic  neighborhood. 

"I  felt  this  would  be  a  proactive  stance  to  get 
them  at  a  younger  age  to  keep  them  away  from 
a  life  of  crime,"  he  says.  Weaver  also  liked 
Nativity's  religious  bent.  "What  burned  me  up 
is  that  these  kids  can't  pray  in  school,  but 


spirit:  the  atmosphere  of  belonging,  of  com- 
mitment, and  mutual  support."  How  to  cre- 
ate and  maintain  that  atmosphere  is  a  chal- 
lenge DNS's  educators  struggle  with  daily. 

Every  morning,  first  thing,  the  entire 
Nativity  School  comes  together  for 
announcements  and  vocabulary  re- 
view. The  students  offer  prayer  requests 
for  sick  grandmothers,  traveling  uncles,  and 


the  first  thing  we  throw  at  them  at  the  deten- 
tion center  is  a  Bible,"  he  says.  Weaver  hired 
a  multiracial  faculty  to  carry  out  his  vision, 
and  the  school  opened  its  doors  in  2002. 

Today,  some  of  DNS's  greatest  supporters 
come  from  the  Duke  community.  They  trek 
across  town  to  East  Durham,  past  chemical 
and  asphalt  plants,  to  a  business  district 
where  grates  protect  storefront  windows  and 
Stella's  Restaurant  offers  up  liver-pudding 
and  fried-bologna  biscuits.  DNS  is  located 
on  the  top  floor  of  a  red-brick  Baptist 
church:  a  cluster  of  blue  and  yellow  class- 
rooms reached  by  way  of  an  L-shaped  hall- 
way lined  with  donated  lockers.  "When  you 
visit,  several  things  strike  you,"  says  Cynthia 
Brodhead,  the  wife  of  Duke  President  Richard 
H.  Brodhead.  "First  is  the  dignity  and  self- 
confidence  of  the  students.  Second  is  the 
high  expectations  that  the  teachers  and  staff 
have  for  the  students,  and  the  way  the  stu- 
dents internalize  these  expectations  and  make 
them  their  own.  Third  is  the  strong  school 


crime  victims  they  saw  on  TV.  They  link  el- 
bows with  their  teachers  and  one  another 
and  recite  the  school  creed:  As  DNS  men  we 
will  never  give  up;  never  be  silenced  by  injus- 
tice, ignorance,  err  prejudice;  never  be  alone,  for 
God  and  our  DNS  brothers  are  with  us  always. 

As  the  fall  trimester  begins,  faculty  mem- 
bers spend  as  much  time  teaching  social 
skills — standing  straight,  making  eye  con- 
tact during  handshakes — as  they  do  teach- 
ing astronomy  and  grammar.  "I'm  going  to 
be  giving  you  life  lessons,"  says  humanities 
teacher  Karen  Walters  on  Day  Two.  "If  it 
seems  like  I'm  fussing,  maybe  I  am.  That's 
me,  trying  to  get  you  to  be  the  best  possible 
you  you  can  be." 

By  the  week's  end,  Walters'  sixth-graders 
are  performing  songs  they've  written  about 
the  importance  of  studying.  In  front  of  their 
peers,  some  of  the  boys  are  natural  hams. 
Not  Reginald,  a  beefy  eleven-year-old  with 
a  prominent  jaw  and  earnest  gaze.  Reginald 
came  to  DNS  an  honors  student,  planning 


46 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


to  work  his  way  into  Duke's  Class  of  2017. 
At  the  moment,  though,  he  looks  like  he'd 
rather  be  anywhere  but  in  front  of  the 
whiteboard.  He  mumbles  his  song  sotto  voce, 
but  before  he  can  wriggle  away,  Walters  calls 
him  out.  "Was  your  heart  in  that?"  she  asks. 

"No,"  Reginald  says.  He  studies  the  floor. 

"If  you  think  something  is  the  worst  thing 
you've  ever  written,  you've  got  to  make  it 
look  like  the  best  thing  since  Roots,"  Wal- 
ters says. 

She  walks  to  the  front  of  the  room  and 
places  a  hand  under  Reginald's  chin.  "I'm 
using  you  as  an  example,"  she  says.  "I'm  not 
picking  on  you.  Care  about  what  you  write! 
I'd  like  for  you  to  do  it  again." 


Some  of  the  boys  are  harder  to  reach. 
They  have  incarcerated  parents; 
they  live  with  aunts  and  grandmoth- 
ers; they  harbor  violent  streaks. 
Sometimes  their  wild  behavior  sets  off 
chain  reactions,  sending  their  peers  into 
rule-flouting  bedlam. 

In  Walters'  humanities  class  one  day,  the 
students  huddle  and  write  skits  using  a  sin- 
gle type  of  sentence.  The  imperative  group 
capitalizes  on  Kyle's  comic  timing.  Their  dia- 
logue is  a  succession  of  rapid-fire  commands 
shouted  by  pint-size  soldiers:  "Get  down! 
Give  me  twenty-five  crunches!"  "You  give  me 
twenty  crunches!"  But  in  the  interrogative 
group,  twelve-year-old  Lawrence  sits  sullen- 


ly. He's  a  football  enthusiast  with  a  build  to 
match,  and  when  he  feels  cocky  he  can  put 
on  the  dance  moves.  But  in  the  classroom 
his  eyes  often  look  glazed  and  bloodshot. 

Walters  walks  over  to  Lawrence  as  the  bell 
rings.  "You  have  to  participate,"  she  says 
quietly.  "It's  not  always  going  to  go  the  way 
Lawrence  wants  it  to  go.  It's  called  'go  with 
the  flow.'  "  The  young  man  packs  his  books 
silently.  "Lawrence,  don't  let  this  affect  the 
rest  of  your  day,"  the  teacher  says.  "To  me, 
it's  forgotten." 

Lawrence's  struggles  with  impulse  control 
are  legendary  among  his  teachers.  He  pushes 
his  way  into  lines.  He  takes  forever  to  copy 
down  assignments.  He  cuts  up,  then  dozes 


"Can  I  sit  down?"  Reginald  asks.  Walters 
doesn't  let  him.  "Give  me  some  feeling,"  she 
says.  "You  are  articulate,  handsome.  You 
know  what's  going  on.  Do  we  believe  in 
him?"  "Yes!"  the  other  boys  shout. 

"These  are  your  brothers,  son,"  Walters 
says.  "We're  just  waiting." 

When  Reginald  finishes  his  rap  (Test  taking, 
test  taking  /  You  gotta  study  /  Studying  is  fun  / 
It's  all  about  the  college) ,  his  classmates  whoop. 
"I'd  pay  money  for  that,"  says  Kyle,  patting  his 
friend  on  the  back.  Reginald  doesn't  quite 
believe  it,  but  Walters  refuses  to  let  the  boy 
dwell  in  self-doubt.  "We're  in  a  house  of  the 
Lord,"  she  says.  "Negativity  is  out  the  door." 


The  teachers  grapple  with  a 

dilemma  educators  have 

eternally  faced:  how  to  teach 

intelligent,  motivated  children 

alongside  those  who  are 

still  mastering  basic  literacy. 

What's  more  distasteful— 

to  leave  the  slowest  behind  or 

to  bore  the  smartest? 


off.  But  he  also  asks  teachers  to  write  mes- 
sages to  his  aunt  when  he  behaves  well. 
And  he  takes  pride  in  his  pressed  shirt  and 
tie.  "I  want  to  be  a  gentleman,"  he  says.  That 
presto-chango  personality  mystifies  his 
teachers.  "How  do  you  go  from  nice  to  thug?" 
asks  Walters.  "He  doesn't  know  where  his 
place  is." 

Until  he  was  seven,  Lawrence  had  little 
guidance  about  his  place.  After  his  father 
died  in  a  car  accident,  Lawrence's  mother 
went  into  a  protracted  decline.  "She  lived  a 
really  rocky  life,"  says  his  aunt.  "He  would 
have  to  provide  meals  for  himself  He  would 
go  to  the  corner  store  and  buy  candy  and 


March-April  2007 


47 


"Why  does  it  work?"  asks  Joseph 
Moylan.  "It  is  impressing  on 
these  young  men  that  success  is 
their  responsibility." 

will  be  tomorrow's  civic  leaders 


honey  buns."  By  the  time  Lawrence  came  to 
live  with  his  aunt  and  uncle,  he  was  mal- 
noutished  and  had  dental  problems.  He  had 
also  failed  kindergarten  and  learned  to  stuff 
away  his  feelings,  she  says. 

"He  has  had  so  many  disadvantages  in 
this  short  life  of  his — I  can't  even  imagine 
what  he's  going  through  emotionally,"  adds 
the  aunt,  a  cancer  survivor  who  also  suffers 
from  diabetes  and  narcolepsy.  "Because  I  have 
some  illness  and  I'm  a  woman,  he  doesn't  tell 
me  the  things  that  worry  him.  He  says,  'I'm 
all  right,  auntie,  I'm  okay.' "  Recently  Law- 
rence's grandfather  died,  and  another  uncle 
perished  in  a  car  wreck.  Invited  to  the  fu- 
neral, "he  said  he  couldn't  take  it,"  recalls 
his  aunt.  "He  couldn't  take  one  more  death." 

DNS's  admissions  committee  split  over 
Lawrence.  The  boy  didn't  help  matters 
when  he  got  into  a  fight  during  a  summer 
transition  program.  Afterward,  "I  talked  to 
Mr.  Weaver,"  says  his  aunt.  "I  didn't  beg 
him,  but  I  told  him,  'Lawrence  needs  this 
program.' "  By  then,  Weaver  had  taken  a 
liking  to  the  boy  and  believed  his  potential 
could  be  coaxed  out  by  the  right  educators. 
"There's  so  much  about  Lawrence  that 
I  could  just  see.  I  wanted  him  so  badly," 
Weaver  says.  "If  he  wasn't  with  us,  he'd 
probably  fall  apart."  Now,  Lawrence  and  his 
aunt  ride  the  city  bus  forty-five  minutes  to 
school.  She  drops  him  off  at  7:45,  then 
walks  the  five  miles  home. 


The  fifth  anniversary  of  September  1 1 
falls  on  a  Monday,  the  day  DNS  holds 
its  weekly  chapel  service.  This  week's 
gathering  features  a  skit  written  by 
Fred  Passmore,  a  radio  evangelist  who  runs 
a  website  called  christianskitscripts .com.  It 
portrays  two  co-workers  at  New  York's  Twin 
Towers.  Mike,  a  Christian,  has  just  been 
fired,  but  he  knows  God  has  a  plan  for  him. 
As  he  packs  his  belongings,  he  begs  Jeff  to 
give  up  womanizing  and  accept  Christ. 
"Sometimes  hell  comes  right  up  behind  you, 
out  of  the  blue,  and  swallows  you  down 
without  warning,"  he  says. 

Jeff  doesn't  listen.  As  the  skit  ends,  we 
learn  he  has  engineered  his  friend's  dis- 
missal for  his  own  gain.  "Word  of  my  pro- 
motion is  already  spreading  like  wildfire 
through  the  Trade  Center,"  he  says,  clap- 
ping with  glee.  "September  1 1,  2001,  is  def- 
initely going  to  be  a  day  to  remember!" 

The  moral  is  clear:  The  nonbeliever  is 
doomed  to  fiery  destruction  and  damnation. 
It's  a  message  DNS  students  have  heard 
more  than  once. 

DNS  promotes  itself  as  rigorously  nonsec- 
tarian.  "We  are  not  a  religious  school.  We're 
faith  based,"  founder  Moylan  says  at  a  fund- 
raising  lunch.  "On  a  weekly  basis,  we  have 
people  of  every  religious  diversity  come  to 
this  school  so  the  boys  are  exposed  to  every 
imaginable  religion."  In  reality,  the  school's 
spiritual  tone  has  been  set  by  the  beliefs  of 


its  staff.  Weaver  belongs  to  the  United  Pen- 
tecostal Church  and  has  taken  students  to 
Sunday  worship  services.  Many  of  the  in- 
structors attend  evangelical  churches.  One 
notable  exception  is  Latin  and  religion 
teacher  Nathan  Eubank,  M.T.S.  '05,  a  self- 
described  "Catholic-sympathizing  Presby- 
terian" whose  office  door  carries  a  sign  with 
the  words,  "When  Jesus  said,  'Love  your 
neighbors,'  I  think  he  probably  meant,  'Don't 
kill  them.' " 

DNS's  curriculum  features  two  years  of 
Bible  studies,  followed  by  a  year  of  world 
religion.  In  addition,  science  teacher  Dan 
Vannelle  teaches  the  Old  Testament  ac- 
count of  creation  alongside  Darwinian  evo- 
lution, and  holds  students  responsible  for 
mastering  both.  "At  some  point,  I  tell  them 
what  I  believe:  the  Biblical  account,"  says 
Vannelle,  a  retired  dentist.  "I  couldn't  do 
that  in  a  public  school.  I'm  grateful." 

Parents  and  guardians  say  they  share  that 
gratitude.  Without  religious  instruction, 
DNS  "would  serve  no  purpose,"  says  Law- 
rence's aunt.  "Those  are  the  tools  that  you 
need  for  life.  That's  what  helps  keep  things 
in  perspective  for  the  young  men."  Under 
Weaver's  tutelage,  she  notes,  Lawrence  was 
baptized  at  United  Pentecostal  Church. 

The  mother  of  thirteen-year-old  Ken- 
neth, also  a  Pentecostal,  finds  DNS's  ap- 
proach refreshing.  In  the  public  schools,  she 
says,  "you  can  talk  about  Allah.  You  can 
talk  about  Buddha.  But  when  it  comes  to 
Christianity,  they  talk  about  the  Dark  Ages 
and  don't  talk  about  any  of  the  positive 
things  Christianity  has  done."  She's  partic- 
ularly angry  that  public  schools  teach  "the 
theology  of  evolution,  and  don't  even  con- 
sider creationism  as  a  valid  point." 

For  her,  it's  important  that  Kenneth's  ed- 
ucation echo  his  religious  training  at  home. 
"I  talk  to  him  about  consequences  of  ac- 
tions like  fornication,"  she  says.  "Here,  it's 
reinforced,  and  to  me  that's  important — the 
relationship  with  God.  Here,  you  don't  sep- 
arate one  from  the  other.  It's  all  together." 

By  mid-trimester,  everyone's  faith  has 
been  challenged  by  a  series  of  diffi- 
cult events.  First,  a  promising  sixth- 
grader  transfers  to  public  school 
without  explanation.  "That  is  a  blow  to  us 
— to  lose  one  too  early,"  Weaver  tells  the 
boys.  "I  think  this  is  a  decision  he  may 
regret.  Before  you  make  wrong  decisions,  I 
want  you  to  be  prayerful  about  them."  At 
DNS,  public  schools  are  sometimes  de- 
scribed as  gang-ridden  institutions  where 
black  and  Latino  males  can  lose  their  way. 
Then,  one  Monday,  Weaver  doesn't  show 


48 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


up.  Over  the  weekend,  he  had  flipped  over 
a  church  bus  with  nineteen  children 
aboard,  including  Lawrence.  None  of  the 
kids  was  seriously  hurt,  but  Weaver  landed 
in  the  hospital  with  a  broken  leg  and  other 
injuries.  He  will  not  return  for  the  rest  of 
the  trimester.  Lawrence,  who  has  lost  two 
adults  to  car  accidents,  is  deeply  shaken.  "It 
felt  like  some  kind  of  dream,"  he  would  la- 
ter recall.  "The  bus  could  have  caught  on 
fire.  But  God  put  his  hands  on  us  and 
helped  us." 

For  many  DNS  students,  disaster  has  been 
a  regular  part  of  growing  up.  Perhaps  that's 
why  many  of  the  questions  in  astronomy 
class  concern  the  end  of  the  world.  "If  the 
sun  becomes  a  white  dwarf,  won't  all  of  life 
on  Earth  die?"  Kyle  asks  one  afternoon. 
Vannelle  assures  him  that  the  end  is  billions 
of  years  off. 

"What  if  it  was  tomorrow?"  Kyle  persists. 

For  the  faculty  members,  there  are  more 
immediate  concerns.  At  mid-trimester,  Kyle's 
literacy  skills  have  barely  budged,  and  Law- 
rence continues  to  misbehave.  Both  boys 
are  failing  multiple  classes.  Says  Lawrence's 
aunt,  "He  is  very  tearful.  He's  even  de- 
pressed. He  knows  that  he  has  disappointed 
me  and  himself."  Along  with  nine  others, 
Lawrence  has  landed  on  academic  proba- 
tion, with  the  prospect  that  he'll  be  ex- 


pelled if  he  doesn't  shape  up  in  the  long 
run.  "I'm  stressed,"  he  says.  "I'm  trying  to 
figure  out  how  I'm  going  to  get  my  grades  up 
and  stop  being  bad." 

Still,  some  students  are  prospering.  Sev- 
eral, including  Reginald,  are  pulling  As  and 
B's.  In  Eubank's  Latin  class,  boys  who  strug- 
gle with  English  grammar  are  mastering  the 
nominative,  accusative,  and  genitive  noun 
cases.  Twelve-year-old  Travis,  whose  drug- 
using  mother  abandoned  him  to  his  grand- 
mother, has  a  mischievous  streak  that  often 
lands  him  in  trouble.  But  in  Eubank's  class, 
he  pluralizes  arnica  laudat  to  amicae  laudant 
and  often  beats  more  studious  boys  during 
translation  contests.  "Latin  is  important  be- 
cause the  structure  of  the  language  is  very 
different  from  English,"  says  Eubank.  "It  re- 
quires students  to  understand  how  they 
make  meaning."  That  in  turn  sharpens  their 
analytical  thinking.  What's  more,  Eubank 
says,  Latin's  exoticness  gets  kids  excited 
about  learning — "and  that  can  help  them 
think  of  themselves  as  young  scholars." 

Joseph  Moylan  takes  pride  in  these 
young  scholars.  Once  a  month,  the 
founder  invites  community  leaders  to 
a  PowerPoint  presentation  in  DNS's 
Spanish  classroom.  The  October  guests  sit 
on  plastic  chairs  with  built-in  writing  tab- 


ets,  munching  Quiznos  subs. 

"This  program  is  taking  children  who  are 
falling  through  the  academic  and  social 
cracks  in  our  society  and  allows  them  to 
achieve  at  a  very  high  level,"  Moylan  tells 
them.  Of  the  students  who  complete  the 
three  years,  "90  percent  will  graduate  from 
college."  The  screen  flashes  with  a  list  of 
private  high  schools  DNS  alumni  attend: 
Durham  Academy,  Carolina  Friends  School, 
Word  of  God  Christian  Academy,  Ravens- 
croft  School,  Baltimore's  Archbishop  Curley 
High.  Moylan  goes  on  to  share  data  from 
the  Iowa  Test  of  Basic  Skills.  It  shows  that 
five  students  entered  DNS's  first  class,  the 
Class  of  2005,  with  a  median  language  score 
below  grade  level — and  graduated  almost 
two  years  ahead.  In  reading  and  math,  they 
progressed  from  average  to  slightly  above. 

"Why  does  it  work?"  Moylan  asks.  "It  is  im- 
pressing on  these  young  men  that  [success] 
is  their  responsibility."  Every  morning,  he 
says,  a  teacher  greets  them  with  handshakes 
and  asks  whether  they're  ready  to  learn.  "At 
the  end  of  the  day,  somebody  in  charge  will 
say,  'Did  you  do  your  best  today?  And  if  you 
did,  come  back  tomorrow.'  " 

Visitors  come  away  moved,  and  often  eager 
to  donate  or  raise  money.  Their  impulse 
isn't  surprising.  Moylan's  presentation  taps 
into  one  of  the  most  enduring  and  opti- 


March-April  2007 


mistic  American  narratives:  the  story  of  an 
exceptional  teacher  performing  miracles, 
even  in  the  face  of  deeply  entrenched 
poverty  and  discrimination.  Try  watching 
Freedom  Writers — in  which  Hilary  Swank 
(as  the  real-life  Erin  Gruwell)  turns  a  class 
full  of  California  gang  members  into  pub- 
lished authors — without  shedding  a  tear.  Or 
the  climactic  scene  from  Coach  Carter, 
where  Rick  Gonzales,  as  the  heat-packing 
Timo,  stands  up  and  recites  peace  activist 
Marianne  Williamson's  words:  "Our  deepest 
fear  is  not  that  we  are  inadequate.  Our 
deepest  fear  is  that  we  are  powerful  beyond 
measure.  It  is  our  light,  not  our  darkness, 
that  most  frightens  us." 

Miracle  workers,  if  rare,  do  exist.  Gruwell 
engaged  her  students  with  the  war  diaries  of 
Anne  Frank  and  Zlata  Filipovic,  a  young  ref- 
ugee from  Sarajevo — then  passed  out  jour- 
nals so  the  teens  could  chronicle  their  own 
violent  lives.  All  150  of  her  students  went 
on  to  college.  Often,  though,  these  stories 
take  on  a  mythic  quality.  Just  as  Coach  Car- 
ter offered  a  rosy  rendering  of  Ken  Carter's 
career  at  another  California  high  school, 
Moylan's  presentations  tend  to  be  idealized. 
They  overstate  the  availability  of  resources 
such  as  tutoring.  They  glide  over  DNS's  at- 
trition rate:  In  the  first  two  classes,  ten  of 
the  twenty-one  incoming  sixth-graders  failed 
to  complete  the  three-year  curriculum.  And 
they  exaggerate  the  success  of  similar  schools. 
According  to  the  NativityMiguel  Network, 
the  college  entrance  (not  graduation)  rate 
of  those  who  complete  middle  school  is  68 
percent — 16  points  above  the  national  aver- 
age for  students  from  poor  families,  but  con- 
siderably lower  than  Moylan  claims.  Moy- 
lan  says  he  bases  his  figures  on  telephone 
conversations  with  a  few  older  Nativity 
schools.  He  doesn't  have  hard  data. 

Behind  the  scenes,  DNS's  teachers 
feel  less  optimistic  than  Moylan.  In 
a  series  of  meetings,  they  grapple 
with  a  dilemma  educators  have 
eternally  faced:  how  to  teach  intelligent, 
motivated  children  alongside  those  who  are 
still  mastering  basic  literacy.  What's  more 
distasteful — to  leave  the  slowest  behind  or 
to  bore  the  smartest?  Is  it  fair  to  try  to  teach 


Reginald  has  come  to  think  of  the  school  community  as  an  extended  family. 
"I  have  a  whole  bunch  of  moms  and  a  whole  bunch  of  dads,"  he  says. 


him  would  blast  a  crater  in  the  sixth  grade. 
After  thirty  agonizing  minutes,  everyone 
acknowledges  that  the  public  schools  have 
greater  resources  to  provide  specialized  in- 
struction to  children  with  learning  disabili- 
ties. "There's  only  so  much  we  can  do,"  says 
Wise.  "And  if  we  don't  believe  we  can  do 

|  enough,  it  only  stands  to  reason  to  seek  for 

t  withdrawal." 

s  Eubank  grasps  at  one  final  straw.  "Hypo- 
thetically,  what  if  we  did  something,  and  it 
wasn't  a  strain,  and  he  started  doing  better?" 
"If  a  miracle  happens,  I  wouldn't  be  averse  to 
keeping  him,"  Wise  says.  But  he  reminds 
everyone  that  in  the  recent  Iowa  Test,  Kyle  got 
less  than  a  third  of  the  correct  answers  in 
spelling,  punctuation,  and  math  computation. 
Eubank  grimaces.  "My  list  of  students  I'd 
rather  lose  is  about  thirty  names  long,"  he 
says.  Others  chuckle  awkwardly.  "I'm  seri- 
ous," he  says. 

During  the  last  chapel  of  the  trimes- 
ter, the  guest  preacher  is  Vensen 
Ambeau  M.  Div.  '06,  DNS's  after- 
school  coordinator.  The  boys  know 
Ambeau  as  the  studious-looking  man  with 
dreadlocks  who  oversees  recess.  But  he's 
also  an  ordained  African  Methodist  Epis- 
copal minister.  Today  he  has  prepared  a 
message  in  hip-hop  style:  "It's  not  the  bling 
on  the  ring,  or  the  shine  on  the  chain,  or 
the  squeaks  on  the  sneaks.  It's  how  we  see 
our  life  in  Christ."  As  the  sermon  progress- 
es, Ambeau's  message  gets  closer  to  the 
harshness  of  the  boys'  lives:  "At  home  you 
get  cursed  at  for  looking  at  someone  and 
probably  told  your  daddy  wasn't  anything  so 
you  won't  be  anything.  That's  a  lot  for  you 
to  have  to  deal  with  at  this  age;  and  I  don't 
want  to  say  to  you  the  best  way  to  deal  with 
your  issues  is  to  simply  get  over  it.  I  want 
you  to  know  God  is  traveling  with  you  to 
heal  the  emotional  and  spiritual  hurt  that 
life  has  brought  upon  you." 

The  kids  are  riveted.  As  he  ends  the  ser- 
mon, Ambeau  comes  back  to  Marianne 
Williamson's  words,  the  ones  from  the  piv- 
otal scene  in  Coach  Carter: 

We  ask  ourselves,  Who  am  1  to  be  brilliant, 
gorgeous,  talented,  fabulous?  Actually,  who 
are  you  not  to  be?  You  are  a  child  of  God. 
Your  playing  small  does  not  serve  the  world. 
There  is  nothing  enlightened  about  shrinking  so 
that  other  people  won't  feel  insecure  around 
you.  We  are  all  meant  to  shine,  as  children  do. 


both  in  the  same  classroom?  "I  don't  know 
the  mission  of  this  school,"  says  Manuel 
Montafio,  the  math  and  Spanish  teacher. 
"Is  it  to  save  the  best  students,  or  is  it  to 
save  everyone?" 

Moreover,  the  teachers  despair  that  many 
students  behave  like  gentleman  only  under 
the  spotlight.  When  the  adult  visitors  leave, 
the  hallways  fill  with  trash,  noise,  and  the 
occasional  scuffle.  "We  need  to  get  our  con- 
fidence back,"  says  Sally  Keener,  an  educa- 
tional consultant  and  DNS  board  member, 
at  a  meeting  devoted  to  discipline  issues. 
"We  have  to  redeem  our  school.  Do  you 
realize  we've  lost  it?" 

"We  never  had  it,"  replies  Eubank,  the 
Latin  teacher. 

The  day  after  the  Executive  Lunch,  the 
faculty  gathers  to  discuss  one  of  the  most 
beloved  students.  Kyle — the  "pink  energizer 
bunny" — continues  to  fail.  During  a  hu- 
manities assignment,  he  labeled  the  conti- 
nents Afica,  Eurp,  Northamarc,  and  Atrala, 
even  though  he  was  copying  from  a  work- 
sheet. On  his  science  midterm,  he  spelled 
spectroscope  SpicDan.  Kyle  demonstrates  his 
smarts  daily:  He  has  lightning-fast  wit  and  a 
vast  library  of  memorized  song  lyrics.  "He 
can  tell  me  things,"  science  teacher  Vannelle 
explains  to  his  colleagues.  "But  if  you  ask  him 
to  write  it,  it's  not  even  in  the  ballpark." 

Now,  months  late,  Kyle's  complete  public- 
school  records  have  arrived,  revealing  a 
learning  disability  deeper  than  anyone  had 
surmised.  "He's  been  in  special  ed  since  sec- 
ond grade,"  says  school  counselor  David  Wise. 
"Academically,  he's  always  performed  nota- 
bly below  grade  level.  There  was  some  major 
disparity  between  what  his  ability  seemed  to 
be  and  how  he  actually  performed." 

This  news  represents  a  crisis  on  multiple 
levels.  DNS  isn't  equipped  to  teach  chil- 
dren with  severe  disabilities.  "Without  in- 
tense support,  I  don't  feel  like  I  can  give  him 
what  he  needs,"  says  Walters.  Yet  Kyle's  spirit 
is  one  of  the  school's  unifying  forces.  Losing 


50 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


When  Ambeau  finishes,  the  boys  flock 
around  him.  He  has  given  voice  to  their  as- 
pirations. But  as  the  trimester  ends,  their 
realities  are  decidedly  more  complicated 
than  Williamson's  lotty  words. 

Twelve  of  the  fourteen  boys  from  the  sixth- 
grade  class  remain.  Lawrence  is  warned  that  he 
needs  to  pull  up  his  grades  if  he  wants  to  stay 
at  DNS.  Kyle  has  surprised  everyone  by  scor- 
ing a  B  on  a  science  quiz,  but  the  learning 
problems  persist.  By  Christmas,  he  is  gone. 

Reginald  has  aced  most  of  his  classes.  He 
has  come  to  think  of  the  school  community 
as  an  extended  family.  "I  have  a  whole 
bunch  of  moms  and  a  whole  bunch  of  dads," 
he  says.  He  views  his  classmates'  success  as 
his  personal  responsibility,  and  has  taken  to 
tutoring  Lawrence.  Reginald's  father  no- 
tices a  change.  The  boy  doesn't  try  to  slide 
on  his  reputation,  as  he  once  did.  "He's  al- 
ways been  a  pleasant,  well-mannered  kid," 
the  father  says.  In  the  past,  teachers  would 
forgive  Reginald  for  missing  assignments 
"because  he's  such  a  nice  kid.  Now  he's 
more  than  a  nice  kid.  He's  a  man." 

Travis,  the  Latin  whiz,  has  finished  the 
trimester  with  all  passing  grades.  He  still 
gets  into  trouble,  but  his  grandmother  says 
he  has  "settled  down  a  bit.  He's  paying  more 
attention  to  things."  When  Travis'  brother 
entered  DNS's  inaugural  class,  "he  was  a  mean 
little  rascal,"  the  grandmother  says.  But  the 
school  "turned  him  around,"  and  now  he 
attends  the  rigorous  Asheville  School  in 
western  North  Carolina.  Travis  says  he  wants 
to  emulate  his  brother,  "so  I  can  maybe  help 
my  grandma  when  she  gets  old." 

The  challenges  of  educating  these  stu- 
dents often  overwhelm  DNS's  faculty.  "My 
soul  is  tired,"  Walters  tells  the  boys  toward 
the  end  of  the  trimester.  Two  of  her  col- 
leagues, Ambeau  and  Montafto,  will  resign 
their  positions  in  the  coming  weeks.  Like- 
wise, Weaver,  the  headmaster,  will  not  re- 
turn after  his  extended  medical  leave.  But 
Walters  will  be  back,  ready  for  another 
stretch.  "I  always  tell  them  that  I'm  in  the 
middle  waiting  for  them,"  she  says.  "If  they 
meet  me  halfway,  I'll  do  what  I  can  to  carry 
them  the  rest  of  the  way."  ■ 

Yeoman  is  a  freelance  writer  whose  work  ap- 
pears in  Mother  Jones;  O,  The  Oprah  Mag- 
azine; and  AARP  The  Magazine. 

Editor's  note:  As  we  produced  this  story,  we 
struggled  with  how  to  protect  students'  privacy 
while  honestly  depicting  the  challenges  facing  poor 
students,  their  parents ,  and  their  teachers.  To 
achieve  this  balance ,  we  have  changed  the  names 
of  the  children  in  the  story.  The  students  in  the 
photos  are  not  necessarily  the  same  ones  profiled. 


t*^  ;     T ''■    Janet,  Carol  Woods  Resident 

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March-April  2007 


Great  Scott 

Demanding  and  inspiring,  a  scholar  of  women's  history  am 


By  Bonnie  Vick  Stone 


Modern  history:  Scott,  who 

has  left  an  indelible  imprint 

on  a  generation  of  scholars, 

remains  active  and  feisty 

at  the  age  of  eighty-five 


Picture  Duke  in  the  early  1960s:  Rey- 
nolds Price  '55,  a  Rhodes  Scholar  fresh 
from  the  University  of  Oxford,  strides 
across  the  campus  wearing  his  dashing 
black  cape.  Sean  Flynn,  son  of  the  movie  star 
Errol  Flynn,  lounges  in  the  women's  dorms 
before  swapping  studying  for  acting  and 
moving  to  Hollywood.  Mary  Travers  flings 
her  long  blonde  hair  and  knocks  'em  dead 
when  the  trio  of  Peter,  Paul,  and  Mary  per- 
forms at  Joe  College  weekend.  Freshman 
"girls,"  required  to  wear  white  bows  in  their 
hair  and  take  classes  on  East  Campus,  hear 
the  deans  describe  them  as  women  and  war- 


ily register  for  American  history  with  the 
department's  newest  faculty  member,  Anne 
Firor  Scott,  a  recently  hired  part-time  assis- 
tant professor  with  a  Ph.D.  from  Radcliffe 
College,  who  has  already  established  a  repu- 
tation for  toughness. 

My  friends  and  I  debated  signing  up  for  her 
8  a.m.  survey  class.  We'd  heard  about  her  high 
standards,  her  piercing  questions.  We  knew 
she  expected  that  our  research  papers,  pref- 
erably about  overlooked  women  in  Ameri- 
can history,  use  only  primary  sources. 

The  braver  among  us  enrolled,  well  aware 
that  we  dared  not  be  absent  and  dared  not 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


leloved  teacher  continues  to  serve  as  a  role  model  for  students  of  all  ages 


/ 


fail  to  answer.  But,  over  the  course  of  the  se- 
mester, we  learned  that  we  did  dare  to  push 
ourselves  harder  than  ever  before  as  we  grew 
accustomed  to  her  famous  question:  "What 
do  you  think?" 

In  1958,  Scott's  husband,  Andy  Scott,  was 
hired  to  teach  political  science  at  the  Uni- 
versity of  North  Carolina  at  Chapel  Hill, 
and  the  two  left  their  teaching  positions  at 
Haverford  College  and  moved  south  with 
their  three  children.  Three  years  later,  Duke's 
history  department  asked  Scott,  then  teach- 
ing part-time  at  UNC,  to  fill  in  "until  we 
can  find  'somebody.' "  For  the  next  thirty 


years,  Scott  proved  herself  to  be  that  some- 
body— and  so  much  more:  author  and  co- 
author of  well-received  books,  award  winner 
selected  by  students  and  fellow  academics  for 
her  teaching  and  her  scholarly  accomplish- 
ments, and  administrative  groundbreaker  as 
the  first  female  chair  of  the  history  depart- 
ment in  1980. 

Former  students  need  little  prompting  to 
recall  details  of  their  classes  with  Scott. 
Ann  Kettering  Covington  '64,  who  was  the 
first  female  chief  justice  of  the  Missouri  Su- 
preme Court,  now  retired,  remembers  that 
"although  reserved  and  professional,"  Scott 
occasionally  mentioned  her  husband,  Andy, 
"and  let  us  know  that  she  was  a  mother.  She 
seemed  to  have  accomplished  everything 
and  conveyed  the  unstated  message,  'This  is 
what  a  woman  can  be  and  do.'  " 

John  Holland  '80  says  he  was  still  a  "back- 
of-the-room  kind  of  guy"  in  his  senior  year 
when  he  took  Scott's  American  history  sur- 
vey course,  which  she  called  "History  in  the 
Microcosm."  He  was  among  her  best  and 
brightest,  she  recalls,  an  engineering  major 
whose  friends  told  him  he  was  crazy  to  sign 
up  for  her  section.  She  assigned  seats,  forc- 
ing him  into  the  second  row,  new  habits, 
and  regular  class  participation.  Perhaps  he 
was  mentioned  in  her  daily  post-class  jour- 
nal in  which  she  recorded  observations  on 
teaching  strategies  that  worked — or  didn't. 

Scott,  injecting  her  own  brand  of  humor 
into  the  historian's  objectivity,  recalls  that 
one  of  her  students  answered  the  teacher 
course-evaluation  question  "Is  he  accessi- 
ble?" with  "she  is  accessible  but  not  ap- 
proachable!" While  she  prefers  being  called 
blunt  and  honest  to  the  occasional  "intimi- 
dating," she  bows  to  critics  who  have  said 
she  liked  the  bright  students  best. 

She  held  herself  to  the  same  standards  she 
required  of  her  students,  recalls  Holland, 
even  giving  his  one  late  paper  "lots  of  com- 
ments and  suggestions."  Holland,  who  now 
works  for  Northrop-Grumman  Electronic 
Systems  in  Baltimore,  notes  that  while  many 
historians  then  focused  on  the  "big  picture" 
— major  battles  and  biographies  of  generals 
and  heads  of  state — Scott  assigned  letters, 
diaries,  and  journals  of  everyday  Ameri- 
cans, to  demonstrate  that  "the  little  picture 
is  important,  too." 


s 


cott  retired  in  1991  but  continues  to 
serve  as  a  model  for  all  ages.  Now 
eighty-five,  she's  an  active  member 
of  the  Southern  Association  for 
Women  Historians  and  has  been  elected  to 
the  American  Academy  of  Arts  and  Sci- 
ences. She  continues  to  deliver  lectures  to 
such  venerable  organizations  as  the  Southern 
Historical  Association.  And  she  still  pur- 
sues her  writing.  Last  year  she  published  the 
lengthy  correspondence  of  two  remarkable 
American  women  in  her  newest  book,  Pauli 
Murray  and  Caroline  Ware:  Forty  Years  of 
Letters  in  Black  and  White  (University  of 
North  Carolina  Press,  2006). 

The  project  began  by  chance  when  Scott, 
exploring  documents  in  the  Pauli  Murray 
collection  in  Radcliffe's  Schlesinger  Library, 
discovered  folder  after  folder  of  correspon- 
dence with  Ware.  The  Reverend  Pauli  Mur- 
ray (1910-1985)  was  a  lawyer  and  civil-rights 
activist,  a  founder  of  the  National  Organi- 
zation for  Women,  and  the  first  African- 
American  female  ordained  as  an  Episcopal 
priest  in  the  U.S.  Scott,  who  had  been 
friends  with  Caroline  Ware,  was  surprised 
how  often  Ware's  name  appeared  in  the 
documents.  Though  Scott  never  met  Pauli 
Murray,  she  often  used  in  her  courses  Mur- 
ray's memoir,  Proud  Shoes,  a  book  given  to 
her  originally  by  Ware. 

Ware  (1899-1990)  was  a  formidable  wom- 
an in  her  own  right — a  social  historian,  a 
pioneer  in  consumer  affairs,  an  editor,  and  a 
community-development  specialist  in  Asia 
and  Latin  America.  Ware  and  Pauli  met  in 
1942,  when  Pauli  signed  up  for  Ware's  class 
on  constitutional  law  at  Howard  University 
Law  School.  The  correspondence  that  so 
inspired  Scott  began  soon  after. 

In  some  ways,  these  two  quite  different 
women  reflect  two  sides  of  Scott  herself.  She 
is  outwardly  more  similar  to  Caroline  Ware, 
the  Harvard  University  Ph.D.,  and  social 
historian  who  successfully  maintained  the 
dual  roles  of  spouse  and  scholar.  But  from 
her  own  childhood  spent  in  "genteel"  pov- 
erty in  Athens,  Georgia,  Scott  also  had  ex- 
perienced Pauli  Murray's  less  prosperous, 
more  provincial  beginnings.  Scott's  father,  a 
faculty  member  at  the  University  of  Georgia, 
experienced  years  during  the  Depression 
when  the  state  couldn't  meet  its  payroll. 


March-April  2007 


53 


Scott  entered  the  University  of  Georgia 
at  age  sixteen.  She  lived  at  home,  and  her 
father  paid  her  tuition  (forty  dollars  a  se- 
mester) using  his  World  War  I  bonus.  After 
graduating  at  age  nineteen,  Scott  saved  fifty 
dollars  of  the  ninety  she  earned  as  a  secre- 
tary for  IBM  in  Atlanta  and,  in  1942,  head- 
ed to  Northwestern  University  to  begin 
work  on  her  master's  degree.  The  following 
summer,  she  was  selected  for  an  internship 
with  the  National  Institute  of  Public  Affairs 


CONTINUING  INFLUENCE 


In  1980  Scott,  the  only  tenured  woman  in  the  thirty-two- 
history  department,  was  named  the  first  female  chair. 


called  on  to  play.  Ambassador  Edward  Wood, 
Viscount  Halifax,  hosted  a  dazzling  party  for 
the  interns  at  the  British  embassy.  And 
Washington  Post  publisher  Eugene  Meyer 
welcomed  the  interns  to  his  office,  where 
he,  as  Scott  remembers  it,  "gossiped  freely" 


Sixteen  years  after  her  retirement  from  Duke,  the 
influence  of  Anne  Scott,  professor  emerita  of  history, 
is  both  visible  and  invisible. 
Visitors  to  the  East  Duke  Parlor  see  portraits  of 
twelve  Duke  women  honored  as  precedent-setters  during  the 
university's  sesquicentennial  celebration  in  1988.  Not  only 
does  Anne  Scott's  portrait,  labeled  First  Professor  of  Women's 
History,  appear  in  this  select  group,  but  so  does  a  portrait  of 
one  of  her  protegees,  Janet  Nolting  Carter  '88,  identified  as 
First  Woman  Elected  President  of  the  Associated  Students  of 
Duke  University.  "Anne's  teaching,"  says  Nolting,  "and  the 
research  of  the  women  in  my  family,  helped  me  to  believe 
enough  in  myself  to  run." 

Undergraduates  living  in  the  Anne  Firor  Scott  Women's 
Studies  selective  living  group  see  her  legacy  as  "home."  Visitors 
to  the  Perkins  Library's  Rare  Book  Room  can  appreciate  her 
scholarship  in  the  form  of  her  manuscripts  of  articles,  speech- 
es, and  lectures  donated  to  Duke. 

History-department  colleagues  attending  the  Southern 
Historical  Association  conference  in  Birmingham,  Alabama,  this 
past  November  saw  Scott  at  age  eighty-five  deliver  the 
keynote  speech,  "Reading  Other  People's  Mail,"  using  her 
recently  acquired  skills  with  PowerPoint.  (She  credits  Edward 
Balleisen,  associate  professor  of  history,  and  his  ten-year-old 
son,  Zack,  as  her  technology  teachers.) 

Scott's  legacy  as  a  historian  continues  to  shape  young  schol- 
ars at  Duke.  When  Dara  DeHaven  73,  A.M.  74,  J.D.  '80  heard 
Scott  speak  at  freshman  convocation  her  first  day  at  Duke,  little 
did  she  know  that  she  would  become  Scott's  student,  advisee, 
student  assistant,  and  eventually,  in  1987,  the  driving  force 
behind  the  creation  of  an  endowment  for  the  Anne  Firor  Scott 
Research  Award.  (DeHaven,  now  a  lawyer  in  Atlanta,  educated 
Scott  about  certain  Supreme  Court  references  in  her  latest  book.) 

The  Anne  Firor  Scott  Research  Awards  help  fund  students  con- 
ducting independent  research.  Though  primarily  awarded  to 


in  Washington,  and  worked  in  the  office  of 
California  Congressman  Jerry  Voorhis. 

Designed  to  interest  young  people  in  gov- 
ernment, the  internship  was  an  illuminat- 
ing introduction  to  politics  and  power,  Scott 
says.  Over  tea  at  the  White  House  and,  on 
another  occasion,  in  an  after-dinner  discus- 
sion that  went  on  late  into  the  night,  Eleanor 
Roosevelt  talked  to  Scott  and  her  fellow 
interns  about  the  postwar  landscape  and 
the  role  the  younger  generation  would  be 


graduate  or  undergraduate  students  in  history,  the  one-time 
awards  are  intended  for  those  working  on  seminar  projects 
or  dissertations  on  any  aspect  of  women's  history.  Balleisen 
says  that  the  annual  spring  awards  have  "made  a  world  of 
difference" to  undergraduates  by  enabling  them  to  begin 
their  intensive  research  the  summer  before  they  take  his 
senior  honors  seminar  in  the  fall. 

Applicants  in  other  departments  are  eligible  if  their  re- 
search explores  historical  aspects  of  gender  issues.  Recent 
award  winners  include  George  Gilbert  '06,  who  researched 
"The'Other'Oligarchs:  Russia's  Female  Entrepreneurs" as 
part  of  his  undergraduate  focus  on  Russian  history;  Jennifer 
Garber,  a  graduate  student  in  the  religion  department,  who 
produced  "Rightly  Suited  for  Reform:  American  Christians 
and  the  Penitentiary  1 797-1 860";  and  history  Ph.D.  candi- 
date Felicity  Turner,  who  wrote  "Creating  the  Maternal 
Instinct:  Infanticide  and  Child  Murder  in  Nineteenth 
Century  America.' 

Linda  Rupert  A.M.  '02,  Ph.D.  '06,  a  2003  winner,  says 
the  award  helped  her  track  dissertation  research  in  the 
Netherlands  and  Spain  and  think  about  the  gender  implica- 
tions of  her  work  on  inter-imperial  networks  in  the  early 
modern  Caribbean.  Now  an  assistant  professor  in  the  histo- 
ry department  at  the  University  of  North  Carolina  at 
Greensboro,  Rupert,  who  completed  her  undergraduate 
work  in  sociology  and  Latin-American  studies  at  Brandeis 
University  in  1979,  describes  herself  as"an  older,  second- 
career  historian" teaching  courses  in  Caribbean  history  and 
the  African  slave  trade. 

"Inspired  by  Anne  Scott's  own  life  and  trajectory," 
Rupert  says,  she  combines  the  professional  life  of  research 
and  teaching  with  her  personal  role  as  the  mother  of  two 
girls.  In  both,  she  offers  another  visible  reminder  of  Scott's 
ongoing  influence. 

— Bonnie  Vick  Stone 


about  various  wartime  agencies  and  politi- 
cal leaders. 

Bitten  by  the  political  bug  and  intrigued 
by  the  challenges  of  grappling  with  major 
issues,  Scott  got  a  job  as  a  research  associate 
at  the  national  headquarters  of  the  League 
of  Women  Voters,  where  she  produced  pam- 
phlets and  traveled  to  visit  local  chapters. 
During  her  three  years  there,  she  met  wom- 
en who  had  been  active  in  the  Women's 
Suffrage  Movement  and  introduced  her  first- 


hand to  the  long  history  of  the  struggle  for 
women's  rights.  Scott's  sense  of  her  own 
possibilities  grew.  "My  parents  had  never 
suggested  that  being  female  should  limit  my 
aspirations,"  she  says,  "and  the  League  of 
Women  Voters  and  all  the  other  women's 
associations  with  which  it  cooperated  rein- 
forced this  assumption." 

In  the  fall  of  1947,  the  newly  married 
Scott  moved  to  Boston,  where  Andy  was  in 
his  second  year  of  graduate  studies.  She  en- 
tered the  Ph.D.  program  at  Radcliffe  and  in 
three  years'  time  had  earned  her  degree  and 
become  a  mother  three  times  over.  While 
rearing  her  toddlers — David,  Donald,  and 
Rebecca — Scott  again  worked  with  the 
League  of  Women  Voters,  serving  as  a  Con- 
gressional representative  and  editor  of  its 
National  Voter  publication  from  1951  to 
1953.  She  was  awarded  a  fellowship  by  the 
American  Association  of  University  Wom- 
en in  1956  and  became  a  lecturer  in  history 
at  Haverford  in  1958.  (Years  later,  asked 
which  of  her  accomplishments  made  her 
the  proudest,  she  answered,  without  hesita- 
tion, "my  children.") 

In  the  fall  of  1962,  Scott's  article,  "The 
'New  Woman'  in  the  New  South,"  pub- 
lished in  the  South  Atlantic  Quarterly,  estab- 
lished her  reputation  as  a  ground-breaking 
historian  and  undoubtedly  helped  earn  her 
an  invitation  from  President  Lyndon  John- 
son to  serve  on  his  Advisory  Council  on  the 
Status  of  Women.  Caroline  Ware  was  also  a 
member  of  the  council,  and  the  two  became 
fast  friends.  Ware  completed  the  triangle  by 
telling  Murray  about  Scott's  1970  book  The 
Southern  Lady:  From  Pedestal  to  Politics 
1830-1930.  (Still  in  print  and  referred  to  as 
a  landmark  text,  The  Southern  Lady  is  now 
available  from  the  University  of  Virginia 
Press  in  a  twenty-fifth  anniversary  edition 
with  a  new  afterword  by  Scott. ) 

In  Pauli  Murray  and  Caroline  Ware,  Scott 
is  a  thorough  editor,  including,  for  example, 
helpful  identifications  for  figures  named  in 
the  letters  (Francis  Biddle  and  Alger  Hiss  are 
examples)  and  providing  key  historical  con- 
text. But  she  goes  further,  becoming  a  third 
voice  in  the  book.  She  begins  with  a  meaty 
twenty-two-page  introduction  and  concludes 
with  a  fascinating  personal  postscript  in 
which  she  acknowledges  that  many  questions 
about  the  two  women  remain  unanswered, 
especially  about  the  very  private  Ware. 

She  shares  personal  anecdotes  from  the 


54 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


McCarthy  era,  as  well  as  amusing  observa- 
tions about  Ware  deftly  broiling  steaks  while 
carrying  on  intense  conversations.  She  doesn't 
hesitate  to  address  Murray's  belief  that  she 
was  probably  meant  to  be  a  man  "but  had  by 
accident  turned  up  in  a  woman's  body,"  nor 
her  dilemma  of  living  with  mixed  heritage 
in  "a  no  man's  land  between  the  whites  and 
blacks." 

Not  long  after  Ware  and  Murray  met,  their 
teacher-student  relationship  deepened  into 
friendship.  Ware  even  provided  financial 
assistance  when  her  student  needed  what 
Ware  called  "a  little  lunch  money."  Ware 
also  served  as  Murray's  cheerleader  and  con- 
soler in  her  efforts  to  publish  or  to  run  for 
office,  sending  detailed  letters  of  construc- 
tive criticism  or  essay-like  commentaries  on 
the  times,  and  she  joined  Murray  in  her  op- 
timism about  the  candidacy  of  Adlai  Steven- 
son and  the  election  of  John  Kennedy. 

In  her  letters  and  journals,  Murray's  voice 
ranges  from  passionate  to  introspective.  She 
tells  Ware,  "You  are  my  self-appointed  god- 
mother" and  shares  with  her  the  homesick- 
ness she  feels  when  teaching  in  Ghana  in 
1960  (made  possible  by  a  loan  from  Ware). 
Whenever  faced  with  the  disappointments 
of  an  unpublished  book  and  a  job  rejection 
at  Yale,  Murray  records  in  her  journal  a  long 
list  of  what  she  takes  to  be  her  weaknesses. 

Scott,  by  contrast,  found  her  strengths 
recognized  in  1980  when  she,  the  only  ten- 
ured woman  in  the  thirty-two-member  his- 
tory department,  was  named  the  first  female 
chair,  an  appointment  that  Robert  Durden, 
a  professor  emeritus,  recalls  "delighted  every- 
one," though  the  Durham  Morning  Herald 
reported  cryptically  that  "at  least  three  were 
strongly  opposed  to  her  appointment."  Ken- 
neth Pye,  then  Duke's  chancellor,  may  have 
spoken  for  others  when  he  said,  "She  is  one 
of  the  most  pleasant  people  to  disagree  with." 

In  his  own  endorsement  of  Scott,  fellow 
Duke  history  professor  Warren  Lemer  nom- 
inated her  for  the  United  Methodist 
Church's  Scholar-Teacher  of  the  Year  Award 
in  1985.  Writing  of  her  as  a  model  to  Duke 
students  "of  a  woman  progressing  in  the 
profession  long  before  affirmative-action 
programs  facilitated  such  progress,"  Lemer 
noted  her  caring  qualities  and  classes 
"marked  by  challenge,  lucidity,  and  individ- 
ualized attention." 

Scott's  indelible  imprint  on  a  generation 
of  scholars  became  apparent  to  Elizabeth 
Dunn,  a  research-services  librarian  with 
Duke's  Rare  Book,  Manuscript,  and  Special 
Collections  Library,  when  she  was  conduct- 
ing research  for  a  1988  exhibition,  "No 
Longer  Unheard  Voices:  Women  Historians 


of  the  American  South."  In  the  text  that  ac- 
companied the  exhibition,  Dunn  observed: 
"Check  the  acknowledgements  pages  in 
nearly  any  scholarly  text  on  women  and  the 
American  South  and  you  will  find  an  ex- 
pression of  gratitude  to  Scott.  She  has  read 
manuscripts,  advised,  encouraged,  and  some- 
times nagged  all  in  the  name  of  bringing  the 
historical  experiences  of  women  to  the  fore." 
Dunn  mentions  Suzanne  Lebsock,  one  of 
Scott's  young  scholarly  protegees,  who  noted 
in  the  acknowledgements  to  her  book  Free 
Women  of  Petersburg  that  when  she  was  work- 
ing on  her  doctoral  dissertation,  she  re- 
ceived a  postcard  from  Scott  asking  simply, 
"Are  you  writing?  If  not,  why  not?" 

The  scholar  who  has  been  so  steadfast 
in  demanding  the  best  of  her  students 
has  asked  no  less  of  herself.  Yet,  just  as 
she  taught  them  to  explore  all  facets 
of  historical  figures,  including  their  imper- 
fections, she  is  quick  to  acknowledge  her 


own  shortcomings.  At  a  2001  symposium 
held  by  Radcliffe's  Schlesinger  Library  to 
honor  her  eightieth  birthday,  Scott  noted 
that  "people  see  what  they  are  prepared  to 
see."  Her  own  preparedness  to  see  the  kind 
of  iniquities  that  came  into  sharp  focus  dur- 
ing the  civil-rights  movement  "awakened 
slowly,"  she  says.  "I  became  involved,  at  first 
hesitantly,  and  later  as  a  compelling  cause." 
In  1948,  she  attended  a  meeting  of  the 
Southern  Historical  Association  to  hear  the 
influential  postwar  American  historian  C. 
Vann  Woodward.  By  strange  coincidence, 
she  also  ended  up  hearing  an  obscure  but 
promising  young  scholar  named  John  Hope 
Franklin.  "Woodward  and  a  few  others  had, 
so  to  say,  smuggled  John  Hope  Franklin  in 
to  give  a  paper  and  attend  the  dinner, 
which  had  never  before  included  a  black 
scholar."  She  read  Franklin's  landmark  book, 
From  Slavery  to  Freedom,  when  it  came  out 
the  following  year,  and,  of  course,  they  even- 
tually became  colleagues. 


March-April  2007 


55 


The  encounter  with  Franklin  was,  in  some 
respects,  a  preview  of  what  she  would  face 
when  she  moved  south.  She  came  to  Duke 
in  the  racially  tumultuous  1960s,  prepared 
to  be  the  only  female  in  the  history  depart- 
ment but  not  expecting  the  kinds  of  ques- 
tions about  the  American  past  that  the 
president  of  the  black-students  group  at 
Duke  brought  to  her  survey  class.  She  re- 


and  journals.  To  the  benefit  of  future  histo- 
rians, she  has  donated  her  papers  to  Duke's 
Rare  Book,  Manuscript,  and  Special  Collec- 
tions Library.  The  collection — 8,372  items 
at  last  count — spans  the  years  1932  to  2003 
and  includes  her  journals,  correspondence, 
speeches  and  letters,  news  clippings,  course 
materials,  conference  programs,  and  lecture 
notes.  (Some  of  the  more  personal  items, 


Over  tea  at  the  White  House,  Eleanor  Roosevelt  talked  to  Scott 
and  her  fellow  interns  about  the  postwar  landscape  and  the  role  the 
younger  generation  would  be  called  on  to  play. 


sponded  by  reorganizing  her  syllabus  to  in- 
clude reflections  on  the  American  past  from 
an  African- American  perspective. 

She  says,  "I  took  my  cue  from  my  father, 
who  said,  'It  is  said  that  I  am  a  good  teacher. 
If  it  is  true,  and  I  have  reason  to  think  it  is, 
it  is  because  I  did  not  know  the  answers,  but 
sought  them  in  company  with  my  students.' 
That  was  what  I  tried  to  do,  though  not 
always  with  success." 

Scott's  students  of  the  '60s  recall  her  sym- 
pathy for  their  civil-rights  activism.  In  1963, 
June  Ryan-Rau  '64  found  herself  in  the  Or- 
ange County  jail  for  participating  in  a  sit-in. 
Although  devoted  to  Scott's  classes,  she 
missed  a  few  days  and  was  called  into  Scott's 
office  to  explain  her  absence.  Ryan-Rau, 
now  a  psychiatric  social  worker  in  Winston- 
Salem,  remembers  that  Scott's  response  was 
reassuring — "so  much  so  that  I  was  able  to 
face  my  parents  with  slightly  more  confi- 
dence." 

Likewise,  Charlotte  Bunch  '66  received 
Scott's  forgiveness  for  missing  two  weeks  ot 
class  while  she  worked  with  community  or- 
ganization efforts  in  Selma,  Alabama,  and 
Sara  Evans  '66  skipped  class  to  participate 
in  antiwar  demonstrations  and  union  sup- 
port work.  As  undergraduate  campus  lead- 
ers in  the  YWCA,  Bunch  and  Evans  pushed 
their  organization  on  issues  of  internation- 
alism, race,  and  poverty,  and  at  Scott's  sug- 
gestion, selected  Betty  Friedan's  The  Femi- 
nine Mystique  as  reading  for  their  fall  retreat. 
(Years  later,  Scott  combined  the  issues  of 
gender  and  race  in  a  new  course,  "Parallel 
Lives:  Black  and  White  Women  in  Ameri- 
can History,"  which  she  taught  to  a  pre- 
scribed equal  number  of  black  and  white 
students  at  the  University  of  Mississippi, 
where  she  was  a  visiting  professor  in  2000.) 

Like  Pauli  Murray  and  Caroline  Ware  be- 
fore her,  Scott  recorded  these  and  later  aca- 
demic and  personal  experiences  in  her  ever- 
present  journal — no  surprise,  given  her 
awareness  of  the  historical  value  of  letters 


including  the  journals,  will  remain  under 
seal  until  twenty  years  after  her  death.) 

Since  graduating  in  1963, 1  have  fol- 
lowed Scott's  career  through  the  in- 
formal alumni  network,  occasional 
newspaper  stories,  public  lectures, 
and  her  articles  and  books.  When  I  saw  re- 
views for  the  paperback  re-issue  of  The 
Southern  Lady:  From  Pedestal  to  Politics  in 
1995, 1  invited  her  to  read  and  speak  to  stu- 
dents at  Durham  Technical  Community  Col- 
lege, where  I  teach.  After  her  presentation, 
we  chatted  in  my  office  about  our  mutual 
love  of  teaching,  about  the  differences  be- 
tween teaching  the  privileged  and  teaching 
the  struggling,  about  the  value  of  high  stan- 
dards and  expectations. 

Other  contacts  followed — the  formal  cer- 
emony to  place  her  papers  in  the  Perkins 
Rare  Book  Room,  her  response  to  the  note  I 
sent  after  her  husband,  Andy,  died,  in,  April 
2005.  Finally,  an  exchange  of  Christmas  cards 
led  to  a  date  for  tea  at  her  cottage  in  Carol 
Woods  Retirement  Community  in  Chapel 
Hill. 

Scott  meets  me  at  the  door,  chipper  as 
ever  and  dressed  in  her  trademark  classic 
style,  with  silver  necklace  and  tailored  white 
shirt.  She  invites  me  into  her  book-lined 
living  room,  and,  over  cups  of  lapsang  tea, 
we  launch  into  a  comfortable  exchange  of 
book  recommendations.  "Read  Penelope 
Lively,"  she  urges,  "especially  her  Moon  Tiger, 
a  novel  about  a  dying  journalist  who  in- 
tends to  write  her  own  history  of  the  world." 
Scott  was  so  impressed  with  the  British  au- 
thor's book  that  she  wrote  to  Lively  at  her 
home  in  London,  and  the  two  now  keep  up 
a  regular  correspondence. 

Scott  also  suggests  an  annual  reread  of 
George  Eliot's  Middlemarch,  "but,"  she  ad- 
vises, "read  it  slowly." 

On  the  bookshelf  are  two  framed  pictures 
of  her  with  Andy — one,  a  black-and-white 
wedding  photograph  of  bride  and  groom 


doing  the  cake-eating  pose;  the  other,  a 
color  photograph  taken  at  their  anniversary 
celebration  fifty  years  later. 

"I  was  there  at  that  wedding,"  Scott  says, 
"but  I  don't  know  who  that  girl  was."  Twen- 
ty-six and  given  up  by  her  brothers  as  an  old 
maid,  Scott  had  met  Andy  in  Washington  in 
1947.  Attracted  to  her  independence  and  com- 
petence, he  asked  her  to  marry  him  on  their 
first  date,  and  they  soon  left  for  Harvard  to- 
gether. Like  Lively 's  protagonist  in  Moon 
Tiger,  Scott  can  express  "wonder  that  nothing 
is  ever  lost,  that  everything  can  be  retrieved, 
that  a  lifetime  is  not  linear  but  instant." 

Hampered  by  macular  degeneration  and 
some  hearing  loss,  Scott  has  acquiesced  to 
her  son  David's  insistence  that  he  accompa- 
ny her  to  the  doctor,  but,  feisty  as  ever,  she 
pursues  experimental  treatments  when  con- 
ventional ones  have  been  exhausted.  She 
still  mourns  her  husband  and,  like  many 
widows  (Joan  Didion  talks  about  it  in  her  re- 
cent book,  The  Year  of  Magical  Thinking),  has 
conversations  with  him  in  absentia  on  poli- 
tics, debating  the  merits  of  David  Brooks'  or 
Thomas  Friedman's  latest  New  York  Times 
column.  She  speaks  with  pride  of  her  son 
Donald's  twins  and  of  her  daughter  Rebec- 
ca's book,  Degrees  of  Freedom,  the  winner  of 
the  2006  Frederick  Douglass  Book  Prize, 
awarded  by  Yale  University  for  the  best  book 
on  slavery  or  abolition,  then  pauses  to  share 
a  recent  photo  of  herself  paddling  in  a  kayak 
with  her  grandson.  "There's  a  lot  of  life  left 
in  the  old  girl  yet,"  she  says. 

Later,  recording  the  visit  in  my  journal,  I 
think  how  appropriate  it  is  that  Anne  Scott 
teaches  me  once  again.  As  she  prepares  a 
lecture  for  alumni  in  April  or  evaluates  new 
historical  fiction  in  her  role  of  contest  judge 
for  the  James  Fenimore  Cooper  Prize  for 
historical  fiction  or  ponders  her  latest  writ- 
ing project,  she  personifies  the  life  of  the 
mind.  As  she  swims  her  thirty  laps  to  ease 
the  pain  of  arthritis,  she  models  the  efficacy 
of  exercise.  Now  entering  her  eighty-sixth 
year,  Anne  Firor  Scott  embodies  the  kind 
of  Southern  "lady,"  to  use  her  word,  I've 
learned  to  appreciate:  One  who  can  adapt, 
can  speak  and  write  her  truth,  and  who,  in 
Edith  Wharton's  words,  "can  remain  alive 
long  past  the  usual  date  of  disintegration  . . . 
unafraid  of  change,  insatiable  in  intellectu- 
al curiosity,  interested  in  big  things,  and 
happy  in  small  ways."  ■ 

Stone  '63,  A.M  '67  is  afreelance  writer  based 
in  Raleigh.  She  teaches  journal-writing  work- 
shops at  Meredith  College  and  literature  in 
North  Carolina  State  University's  continuing- 
education  program. 


PUKE  MAGAZINE 


Books 


Museum  Skepticism:  A  History  of  the  Display 
of  Art  in  Public  Galleries 

B}  David  Carrier.  Duke  University  Press,  2006,  328  pages.  $22.95,  paper. 


In  this  intriguing  study,  David  Carrier 
brings  a  philosophical  viewpoint  to 
bear  on  the  institution  of  the  art  muse- 
um, from  its  Enlightenment-era  found- 
ing in  Western  Europe  to  the  present  day. 
Grounded  in  a  Hegelian  point  of  view,  Car- 
rier's analysis  also  owes  much  to  Arthur 
Danto,  the  great  contemporary  philosopher 
of  art,  and  employs  a  recurring  theme  of 
constant  change,  inspired  by  Ovid's  Meta- 
morphoses, a  text  that  has  provided  a  wealth 
of  subject  matter  for  visual  artists  through 
the  ages. 

Carrier  attempts  to  chart  a  course  between 
what  he  calls  the  "museum  skepticism"  of 
such  academic  scholars  as  Donald  Preziosi, 
Carol  Duncan,  Susan  Pearce,  and  Douglas 
Crimp  (whose  book  title  On  the  Museum's 
Ruins  sums  up  what  many  of  these  scholars 
think  of  the  continuing  viability  of  this  in- 
stitution) and  the  positivist  defense  of  tradi- 
tional museum  values  put  forward  in  Whose 
Muse  edited  by  James  Cuno,  head  of  the 
Art  Institute  of  Chicago,  and  several  other 
leaders  of  the  world's  premier  museums.  This 
is  a  task  well  worth  undertaking,  but  one  that 
Carrier  does  not  quite  negotiate  successful- 
ly. His  argument  is  engaging,  but  his  knowl- 
edge of  museums  is  ultimately  insufficient. 

In  the  first  half  of  the  book,  Carrier  un- 
dertakes a  brief  history  of  the  display  of  art 
in  museums.  Emphasizing  the  Ovidian  theme 
of  constant  change,  he  argues  that  art  changes 
repeatedly  over  time,  as  it  is  displayed  in 
different  places  to  different  viewers.  Here 
he  also  defines  and  examines  "museum  skep- 
ticism," whose  proponents  argue,  in  differ- 
ent ways,  that  museums  are  deeply  flawed 
institutions.  In  the  view  of  the  skeptics, 
museums  cannot  truly  preserve  art  because 
they  remove  it  from  its  original  context  and 
insert  it  in  a  master  narrative  that  is  inti- 
mately allied  with  conservative  capitalist 
power  structures  and  is  implicated  in  the 
histories  of  colonialist  and  imperialist  Wes- 
tern regimes. 

The  second  half  of  the  book,  while  inter- 
esting, is  less  satisfying,  in  that  it  fails  to 


advance  Carrier's  main  argu- 
ment. It  focuses  on  four  case 
studies — close  examinations 
of  Isabella  Stewart  Gardner 
and  her  eponymous  museum  in  Boston,  Er- 
nest Fenellosa  and  his  promotion  of  Asian 
art  at  the  Museum  of  Fine  Arts  in  Boston, 
Albert  Barnes  as  a  pioneer  in  the  collecting 
and  appreciation  of  modern  art,  and  the  J. 
Paul  Getty  Museum,  itself  a  key  work  of 
contemporary  art  in  Carrier's  view.  His  dis- 
cussion of  the  Gardner  museum  dwells  on 
familiar  facts,  emphasizing  the  personal  na- 
ture of  the  collection  and  the  way  it  is  dis- 
played and  the  key  role  of  Gardner's  adviser, 
Bernard  Berenson. 

As  the  author  explains,  Fenellosa  was  a  key 
figure  in  the  early  appreciation  of  East  Asian 
art  in  America,  building  the  first  significant 
museum  collection  in  Boston.  But  Carrier's 
conclusions  about  the  difficulties  of  engag- 
ing a  Western  audience  with  this  material 
(derived  at  least  in  part  from  the  observation 
that  the  Asian  galleries  at  major  American 
museums  are  not  as  crowded  as  galleries  con- 
taining art  from  the  Western  tradition)  are 
unconvincing. 

He  is  too  uncritical  of  Barnes,  a  fascinat- 
ing figure  to  be  sure,  but  one  whose  sanity 
must  be  questioned  and  whose  exceedingly 
quirky  ideas  about  art  education  (even  if 
endorsed  by  John  Dewey)  are  viewed  with 
extreme  skepticism  by  virtually  all  serious 
art  scholars  and  museum  professionals. 

Carrier's  assessment  of  the  Getty  as,  arch- 
itecturally and  experientially  speaking,  a 
work  of  contemporary  art  that  frames  and 
affects  our  view  of  the  city  of  Los  Angeles 
and  thus  much  of  our  own  culture  and  his- 
tory, while  interesting,  seems  beside  the  point. 
As  Carrier  acknowledges,  the  Getty  is  a  man- 
ifestation of  extreme  wealth,  amassed  by  one 
individual  but  now  administered  by  others 
with  more  divergent  aims.  Serious  visitors  can- 
not but  ask  themselves  whether  that  wealth 
has  been  well  used  and  to  what  purpose. 

Toward  the  end  of  the  book,  Carrier  dis- 
cusses the  Cleveland  Museum  of  Art  and  its 


great  director  Sherman  Lee 
as  the  archetype  of  the  con- 
servative, hierarchical,  ency- 
clopedic art  museum,  ex- 
isting to  serve  the  moneyed 
interests  of  those  who  sup- 
port it  and  producing  educa- 
tion of  the  masses  as  a  self- 
justifying  but  almost  incidental  byproduct. 
Here  he  plays  the  role  of  museum  skeptic 
himself,  until  pulling  back  to  proclaim  his 
love  of  this  (and  indeed  all)  museums  and 
concluding  that  all  would  be  well  it  muse- 
ums could  become  more  genuinely  demo- 
cratic public  spaces  where  real  debate  could 
occur  and  where  high  art  would  be  as  acces- 
sible as  mass  forms  of  culture.  But,  he  also 
acknowledges,  "If  history  is  any  guide,  most 
probably  we  get  better  art  when  it  is  admin- 
istered from  above." 

One  of  Carrier's  key  points  is  that  muse- 
ums have  stopped  growing  because  there 
are  no  new  kinds  of  art  to  collect  (now  that 
non-Western  art  has  been  assimilated,  how- 
ever imperfectly)  and  because  the  Western 
museum  model  has  been  embraced  and 
emulated  in  the  East.  But,  in  reality,  muse- 
ums are  continuing  to  expand  as  never 
before.  Much  of  this  growth  is  planned  to 
showcase  burgeoning  collections  of  con- 
temporary art,  multifarious  in  form,  func- 
tion, and  material  and  part  of  a  dizzying 
expansion  of  the  global  postmodern  canon. 
Finally,  although  it  would  seem  to  be  ger- 
mane to  his  arguments,  Carrier  has  little  to 
say  about  the  other  cataclysmic  develop- 
ment for  twenty-first-century  museums:  the 
threat  of  losing  collections  carefully  amassed 
over  more  than  100  years  to  claims  from 
those  representing  countries,  cultures,  and 
individuals  who  once  owned  them  and  from 
whom  they  were  "collected"  under  circum- 
stances that  many  today  find  problematic. 
Although  it  contains  much  thought-pro- 
voking material,  Carrier's  study  would  ben- 
efit from  greater  familiarity  with  the  institu- 
tion of  the  museum  and  more  attention  to 
the  key  issues  facing  it  today. 

— Kimerly  Rorschach 

Rorschach  is  Mary  D.B.T.  and  James  H.  Semans 
Director  of  the  Nasher  Museum  of  Art  at  Duke. 


March-April  2007 


Book  Notes 


GOD'S  COUNTRY, 
UNCLE  SIM'S  LAND 


The  Encyclopedia  of 
Duke  Basketball 

By  John  Roth  '80.  Duke  University  Press,  2006. 
438 pages.  $34.95. 

N.C.  State's  Reynolds  Coliseum,  whete  Duke 
has  played  mote  games  than  any  other 
arena  apart  from  its  own,  was  named  after  a 
former  Trinity  College  student.  Chris 
Moreland  is  the  only  women's  player  in 
Duke  history  to  average  a  double-double — 
20.1  points  and  11.1  rebounds — during  her 
1 1 1-game  career.  These  are  just  two  of  the 
tidbits  of  information  contained  in  this 
comprehensive  volume  compiled  by  Roth, 
an  analyst  on  the  Duke  Radio  Netwotk, 
editor  of  Blue  Devil  Weekly,  and  former 
Duke  sports  information  director.  Roth's 
encyclopedia  documents  101  years  of  Duke 
basketball  with  timelines,  game  reviews, 
and  all  the  trivia  a  Duke  fan  could  ask  for. 

God's  Country,  Uncle  Sam's  Land: 
Faith  and  Conflict  in  the  Ameri- 
can West 

B'v  Todd  M.  Kerstetter  '86.  University  of 
Illinois  Press,  2006.  213  pages.  $36.00. 
The  American  West  has  been  characterized, 
traditionally,  as  a  land  of  freedom  and 
rugged  individualism.  But  Kerstetter,  an 
associate  professor  of  history  at  Texas 
Christian  University,  explores  three  cases 
where  society  and  the  federal  government, 
at  odds  with  religious  movements,  stepped 
in  to  define  the  boundaries  of  tolerance  in 
the  West.  He  analyzes  Mormon  history, 
including  the  Utah  Expedition  and  Moun- 
tain Meadows  Massacre  of  1857  and  subse- 
quent decades  of  legislative  and  judicial 
restraint;  the  Lakota  Ghost  Dancers  and 
the  Wounded  Knee  Massacre  of  1890  in 


.J 


South  Dakota;  and  the  siege  of  the  Branch 
Davidians  in  Waco,  Texas,  in  1993. 

Ninety  Miles:  Cuban  Journeys 
in  the  Age  of  Castro 

B}  Jan  Michael  James  '94.  Rovuman  & 
Littlefield  Publishers  Inc. ,  2006.  203  pages. 
$24.95. 

Eloy  Gutierrez  Menoyo  was  a  rebel  com- 
mander in  Fidel  Castro's  forces  who  turned 
against  the  government  and  spent  twenty- 
two  years  in  Cuban  prisons.  After  being 
released  and  moving  to  Miami,  he  began 
a  controversial  campaign  to  promote 
change  in  Cuba  through  dialogue  with 
Castro  and  returned  to  lead  a  new  opposi- 
tion movement. 

Paquito  D'Rivera  was  a  boy  when 
Castro's  rebels  marched  into  Havana.  His 
career  as  a  musician  prospered  under  the 
communist  government,  but  seeking 
greater  freedom,  he  defected  to  New  York. 
Nancy  Lledes  Espinosa  was  born  in  the 
early  years  of  Castro's  rule  and  was  taught 
to  respect  the  system.  But  she  fell  in  love 
and  abandoned  her  homeland.  Journalist 
James  proffers  a  wide-ranging  history  but 
also  an  intimately  personal  narrative  that 
helps  explain  how  Cubans  think  and  feel 
about  their  country  and  their  leader. 

Gay  Marriage:  For  Better  or 

For  Worse?  What  We've  Learned 

from  the  Evidence 

By  William  N.  Eskridgejr.  and  Darren  R. 
Spedale  '93.  Oxford  University  Press,  2006. 
336  pages.  $29.95. 

Opponents  of  same-sex  marriage  often  claim 
that  allowing  same-sex  couples  to  marry 
will  lead  to  the  downfall  of  the  institution 


of  marriage  and  will  do  irreparable  harm  to 
children.  But  is  this  really  the  case?  Accord- 
ing to  Eskridge,  a  Yale  law  professor,  and 
Spedale,  a  corporate  attorney,  the  answer  is 
a  resounding  "no."  The  authors  look  to 
Scandinavia,  where  gay  couples  have 
enjoyed  the  tights  and  benefits  of  marriage 
since  1989.  Using  empirical  evidence,  they 
examine  the  effects  of  gay  marriage  on  cou- 
ples, families,  children,  and  communities, 
finding  that  if  anything,  the  institution  of 
marriage  in  the  Scandinavian  countries  has 
been  strengthened  by  gay  unions. 

Jump  at  the  Sun:  A  Novel 

By  Kim  McLarin  '86.  William  Morrow,  2006. 
320  pages.  $24.95. 

Grace  Jefferson's  grandmothet,  Rae,  aban- 
doned her  children  to  fulfill  her  own  dreams. 
Grace's  mother,  Mattie,  a  child  of  the  Jim 
Crow  South,  chose  instead  to  sacrifice  her 
own  needs  to  raise  her  children  right.  Now 
Grace,  a  modern,  self-made  woman  with  a 
Ph.D.  in  sociology,  two  daughters,  and  a 
scientist  husband  who  desperately  wants  a 
son,  must  find  her  own  way. 

Vietnam:  A  Natural  History 

By  Eleanor  Jane  Sterling,  Martha  Maud 
Hurley,  and  Le  Due  Minh.  Illustrations  by 
Joyce  Ann  Powzyk  Ph.D.  '97.  Yale 
University  Press,  2006.  448  pages.  $40.00. 
Vietnam  is  a  naturalist's  wonderland.  Rich 
in  plants,  animals,  and  natural  habitats,  it 
shelters  a  significant  portion  of  the  world's 
biological  diversity.  This  comprehensive 
guide  to  the  country's  spectacular  flora,  fauna, 
and  rich  variety  of  habitats  explores  the 
historical  relationship  between  humans  and 
the  environment  and  chronicles  recent  con- 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


BODY  B 

sout/\ 


:   y 


TRACY  W.  GAUDET.  M.D. 


servation  efforts.  Powzyk,  a  visiting  assistant 
professor  of  biology  at  Wesleyan  University, 
contributes  thirty-five  original  watercolor 
paintings  of  rare  and  unusual  species. 

Miss  American  Pie:  A  Diary  of 
Love,  Secrets,  and  Growing  up  in 
the  1970s 

By  Margaret  Sartor.  Bloomsbury,  2006. 
273  pages.  $19.95. 

Sartor's  memoir  evokes  a  teenage  girl's  com- 
ing of  age  in  the  Deep  South  of  the  1970s. 
Drawn  from  diaries,  notebooks,  and  letters 
Sartor,  now  an  instructor  at  Duke's  Center 
for  Documentary  Studies,  kept  from  the  ages 
of  twelve  to  eighteen,  the  story  has  been 
edited  and  shaped,  its  narrative  threads 
sewn  together.  Sartor,  the  adolescent,  shares 
mundane  preoccupations  with  bad  hair  and 
describes  serious  issues  of  family  estrange- 
ment, sexual  awakening,  depression,  the 
racial  integration  of  her  school,  and  her 
struggle  with  evangelical  Christianity. 

Body,  Soul,  and  Baby:  A  Doctor's 
Guide  to  the  Complete  Pregnancy 
Experience,  from  Preconception 
to  Postpartum 

By  Tracy  W.  Gaudet  '84,  M.D.  '91 , 
with  Paula  Spencer.  Bantam  Dell,  2007. 
528 pages.  $26.00. 

Gaudet,  director  of  Duke's  Center  for  In- 
tegrative Medicine  and  a  practicing  obste- 
trician and  gynecologist,  believes  pregnancy 
can  and  should  be  a  journey  of  self- aware- 
ness, self-discovery,  and  selt-enrichment, 
rather  than  just  a  means  to  an  end.  She 
describes  strategies  for  custom-building  a 
pregnancy  team  and  releasing  the  anxieties 
and  stresses  surrounding  pregnancy,  and 


discusses  how  soon-to-be  mothers  can 
achieve  a  healthier  pregnancy,  a  more  ful- 
filling birth  experience,  and  a  deeper  bond 
with  their  baby  by  tuning  into  physical, 
psychological,  and  spiritual  clues. 

The  10  Best  of  Everything:  An 
Ultimate  Guide  for  Travelers 

By  Nathaniel  Lande  '56  and.  Andrew  Lande. 
National  Geographic,  2006.  480  pages. 
$19.95,  paper. 

Where  in  the  world  can  you  find  the  best 
hamburger?  The  best  vista?  Flea  market? 
Garden?  This  book  comprises  a  series  of 
detailed  top-ten  lists  ranking  the  best-of- 
the-best  in  a  stunning  variety  of  categories, 
with  recommendations  spanning  the  globe. 
Also  included  are  ten-best  activities  lists 
for  various  cities:  New  York,  Istanbul,  St. 
Petersburg,  and  Sydney  among  them;  and 
twenty  "classic  adventures  for  the  21st-cen- 
tury traveler."  Packed  with  colorful  illustra- 
tions and  travel  tips,  the  book  draws  on  the 
experiences  of  journalist  and  filmmaker 
Nathaniel  Lande. 

Success  through  Failure:  The 
Paradox  of  Design 

By  Henry  Petroski.  Princeton  University  Press, 
2006.  235  pages.  $22.95. 
What  makes  a  great  design?  Petroski, 
Aleksandar  S.  Vesic  Professor  of  civil  engi- 
neering and  professor  of  history,  argues  that 
the  best  designs  are  born  of  past  failures. 
Making  something  better — by  carefully 
anticipating  and  thus  averting  failure — is 
what  invention  and  design  are  all  about. 
He  explores  the  nature  of  invention  using 
examples  ranging  from  child-resistant 
packaging  for  drugs  to  bridges  and  skyscrap- 


ers. Emphasizing  that  there  is  no  surer  road 
to  eventual  failure  than  modeling  designs 
solely  on  past  successes,  he  sheds  new  light 
on  the  destruction  of  the  Tacoma  Narrows 
Bridge  in  1940  and  the  collapse  of  the 
World  Trade  Center  towers  in  2001. 

The  Initials  of  the  Earth 

By  Jestis  Diaz-  Translation  by  Kathleen  Ross. 
Duke  University  Press,  2006.  430  pages. 
$24.95,  paper.' 

Many  critics  consider  this  to  be  the  quin- 
tessential novel  of  the  Cuban  Revolution 
and  the  finest  work  by  Cuban  writer  and 
filmmaker  Diaz.  Bom  in  1941,  Diaz  was  a 
witness  to  the  Revolution  and  an  ardent 
supporter  of  it  until  the  last  decade  of  his 
life.  He  died  in  2002  in  Madrid.  Originally 
written  in  the  1970s,  then  rewritten  and 
published  in  1987,  it  is  Diaz's  first  book  to 
be  translated  into  English.  With  a  foreword 
by  Fredric  Jameson,  William  A.  Lane 
Professor  of  comparative  literature  and 
Romance  studies  at  Duke. 

Blame  It  on  Paris 

By  Laura  Florand  A.M.  '00.  Forge,  2006. 
383  pages.  $12.95,  paper. 

In  her  first  novel/memoir,  Florand,  a  senior 
lecturing  fellow  in  Duke's  Romance  studies 
department,  provides  an  account  of  her 
unexpected  romantic  entanglement  while 
on  a  Fulbright  scholarship  in  Paris.  Finding 
herself  obsessing  over  a  handsome  waiter  at 
a  quaint  restaurant,  she  invites  him  to  a 
party  and  is  thrilled  when  he  calls  her  for  a 
proper  date  instead.  She  soon  finds  herself 
unable  to  resist  falling  in  love  with  Sebas- 
tian. But  her  scholarship  is  coming  to  an 
end.  Will  their  love  survive? 


March-April  2007 


OURJ)THER*OPTION 


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Within  The  Parks  at  Meadowview  you'll  find  ten  different  and  totally  distinctive  parks  unlike 

any  other  community  in  the  Triangle.  There's  the  Swing  Garden  Park,  where  imaginations  run  wild 

within  old-fashioned  forts.  The  Fetch  Park  for  your  four-legged  children.  The  Native  Botanical  Garden, 

with  a  potting  area  and  butterfly  and  hummingbird  habitats.  And  best  of  all — The  Parks  Center, 

featuring  indoor  and  outdoor  swimming  pools  and  a  full-time  activities  director. 

Run.  Explore.  Grow.  The  Parks  is  your  place  to  be  free  and  enjoy  the  little  things  in  life. 

The  Parks  at  Meadowview-Custom  homes  from  the  $500s  or  individual  homesites  from  the  $90s. 

From  Chapel  Hill,  take  15-501  S  to  Russells  Chapel  Rd.  Turn  right  on  Old  Graham  Rd. 

The  Parks  is  2.3  miles  on  the  left,  next  to  a  Fred  Couples  signature  golf  course. 

Which  park  will  be  your  favorite  ?  Find  out  at  866  71 6-  72  75  or  91 9  545-55  75  or  visit  www.  theparks-crescent.  com. 


1 


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AT      MEADOWVIEW 


OPENING      EARLY     2007 


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"I  wouldn't  be  who  I  am  j*| 

without  all  that  Duke  has  given  me." 


NENA    SANDERSON    T'07 


Alumni  Register 


Extending  the  Network 

Hundreds  of  alumni  attended  Career 
Week  2007  to  offer — and,  in  some 
cases,  to  look  for — jobs,  internships, 
and  career  guidance.  The  week's 
events,  which  ran  from  January  22  to  Jan- 
uary 27,  attracted  more  than  2,000  students 
and  young  alumni,  and  included  everything 
from  panels  on  specific  career  tracks  and 
discussions  about  balancing  work  and  life 
issues  to  a  wine-tasting  and  etiquette  dinner 
for  seniors.  The  Duke  Alumni  Association, 
along  with  the  Duke  Career  Center,  was  the 
chief  sponsor. 

Among  the  goals,  according  to  the  spon- 
sors, were  to  "build  and  support  the  Duke 
career  community";  "introduce  employers 
with  internships,  summer  opportunities,  and 
full-time  jobs";  "encourage  mentoring  and 


networking";  "showcase  the  myriad  career 
choices  available";  "share  strategies  and  sug- 
gestions for  success";  "provide  opportunities 
for  reflection  about  complex  career-related 
issues";  and,  above  all,  to  "make  connec- 
tions." 

Some  alumni  represented  their  employers 
at  the  week's  Career  and  Summer  Oppor- 
tunities Fair.  Since  many  firms  do  their  hir- 
ing in  the  fall,  the  fair  traditionally  attracts 
fewer  employers  than  September's  Career 
Fair,  but  this  year  it  set  a  record  with  ninety- 
five  organizations — compared  with  eighty- 
two  in  2006.  "One  of  the  things  that  is  dif- 
ferent this  year  is  that  the  economy  is  very 
good,"  said  Sheila  Curran,  the  Fannie  Mit- 
chell Executive  Director  of  the  Career  Cen- 
ter. Curran  noted  that  some  alumni  were 
lured  back  to  campus  by  a  pair  of  men's  bas- 
ketball home  games  on  January  25  and  28. 


The  final  day  of  Career  Week  brought  the 
Fannie  Mitchell  Career  Conference.  Panels 
of  alumni  spoke  at  workshops  geared  to 
career  fields  including  advertising  and  pub- 
lic relations,  biotechnology,  finance,  gov- 
ernment and  defense,  investment  banking, 
nonprofit  and  social  responsibility,  journal- 
ism, and  scientific  research.  Many  alumni 
counseled  students  not  to  worry  too  much 
about  their  first  jobs  out  of  college,  pointing 
out  that  new  college  graduates  can  expect 
to  wear  more  hats  during  their  working  lives 
than  previous  generations  have. 

One  alumnus  who  has  gone  through  his 
share  of  career  changes  is  Wilson  Adam 
Schooley  J.D.  '80,  who  spoke  on  the  "Public 
and  Social  Law"  panel.  After  graduating  from 
Duke  Law  School,  he  joined  a  large  corpo- 
rate law  firm  in  California  and  moonlighted 
as  a  professional  film,  television,  and  the- 


March-April  2007 


jjLk  1 

\7\ 

Words  from  the  wise:  Students 
absorb  tips  for  professional 
success,  top,  and  lessons  on 
etiquette  during  Career  Week      J 

ater  actor.  Finding  his  corporate  work  unsat- 
isfying, Schooley  resigned  his  high-salaried 
partnership  at  the  firm  to  pursue  indigent 
criminal  defense  at  the  appellate  level  and 
serve  as  an  adjunct  law  professor  at  the 
University  of  San  Diego.  "What  I  found  is 
that  I'm  just  as  happy  now  as  I  was  then," 
Schooley  told  attendees.  "I  just  had  to  spend 
a  lot  more  money  to  be  happy  back  then, 
because  I  was  doing  work  I  didn't  enjoy." 

Focus  on  Young  Alums 

This  past  summer  and  fall  the  Duke 
Alumni  Association  reached  out  to 
young  alumni  through  a  series  of  focus 
groups  aimed  at  determining  their 
needs  and  expectations.  The  groups  met  in 
six  cities:  Boston,  New  York,  Washington, 
Seattle,  Raleigh,  and  Durham/Chapel  Hill. 


The  focus  groups  comprised  two  members 
of  each  graduating  class  from  1997  to  2006, 
all  selected  at  random.  Participants  were  in- 
vited to  voice  concerns  and  make  sugges- 
tions about  the  services  the  DAA  offers  to 
young  alumni. 

The  results  of  those  focus  groups  are  be- 
ginning to  be  seen  in  new  programming  of- 
fered by  the  DAA,  especially  to  young  alum- 
ni moving  to  new  cities. 

This  fall,  the  DAA  plans  to  host  "wel- 
come parties"  for  recent  graduates  in  cities 
such  as  Boston  and  New  York  that  attract 
many  young  graduates.  Other  Duke  clubs 
are  encouraged  to  plan  their  own  local 
events.  The  idea  is  modeled  after  the  "send- 
off  parties"  given  over  the  summer  for 
incoming  Duke  students. 

"Students  have  no  way  of  knowing  who 
else  lives  in  these  cities  unless  it's  their 


group  of  friends,"  says  Kim  Hanauer  '02, 
director  of  student  and  young  alumni  pro- 
grams. "This  is  a  way  for  them  to  connect 
with  Duke  and,  at  the  same  time,  with  older 
alumni  for  business  and  social  networking 
and  just  to  get  acquainted  with  the  city."  In 
addition,  this  summer,  the  DAA  will  begin 
testing  a  variety  of  welcome  packages,  rang- 
ing from  an  e-mail  message  from  the  local 
club  to  a  DAA-sponsored  book  designed  as 
a  kind  of  Zagat's  guide  to  the  city,  including 
restaurant  recommendations  and  other  in- 
formation about  the  city,  as  well  as  local  Duke 
resources.  Surveys  will  be  used  to  determine 
which  approaches  are  the  most  effective; 
those  will  be  offered  nationwide. 

Emma  Boa-Durgammah  '05,  who  partici- 
pated in  the  New  York  focus  group,  says  that 
her  employer  helped  her  get  oriented  in  the 
city  but  that  services  provided  by  Duke 
could  have  helped  her  earlier  in  the  process 
and  provided  more  continuity  in  the  transi- 
tion from  school  to  work. 

Other  new  programming  in  the  works  in- 
cludes information  sessions  targeted  toward 
young  alumni  applying  to  graduate  schools 
and  toward  those  buying  homes,  investing, 
saving  for  their  children,  and  starting  their 
own  businesses.  Jay  Barry  '03,  who  partici- 
pated in  the  Washington  group,  says  he 
thinks  these  activities  are  a  good  move  for- 
ward in  the  effort  to  engage  recent  gradu- 
ates. "I  think  it's  going  to  be  really  helpful 
for  the  alumni." 

For  more  information  about  young  alum- 
ni programs,  contact  Kim  Hanauer  at  kim. 
s  hanauet@daa.duke.edu  or  (919)  684-2766. 

f  Four  Siblings,  Twelve  Years, 
One  University 

For  the  four  McGlockton  siblings, 
Duke  has  been  far  more  than  an  insti- 
tution of  higher  learning.  It  has  served 
as  a  "catalyst  and  springboard  for  our 
success  in  life,"  says  the  youngest,  Tamara 
McGlockton  Hill  '86. 

There  are  other  Duke  families  that  can 
make  similar  testimonials.  But  what  makes 
the  McGlocktons'  experience  stand  out  is 
that,  over  a  span  of  twelve  consecutive 
years,  all  four  siblings  attended  and  graduat- 
ed from  Duke.  They  are  believed  to  be  the 
first  African-American  family  to  achieve 
that  distinction. 

The  McGlocktons  were  a  military  family. 
Their  father,  William  Howard  McGlock- 
ton, was  a  colonel  in  the  U.S.  Army,  and 
the  family  moved  frequently  while  the  chil- 
dren were  growing  up.  As  a  result,  the  sib- 


64 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


lings  formed  a  tight  bond,  relying  on  one 
another  for  support,  encouragement,  and 
friendship.  "We  were  very  close  as  a  family," 
the  eldest,  William  H.  McGlockton  II  '80, 
says.  "We  played  a  lot  of  gin  rummy  and 
Monopoly." 

After  he  graduated  from  high  school  in 
Germany  in  1976,  the  family  moved  to 
Raleigh.  William  visited  Duke  and  fell  in 
love  with  the  campus.  "The  architecture  re- 


"Duke  made  me  intellectually  fearless," 
Tarshia  says.  "It  gave  me  a  sense  of  not  being 
afraid  ot  challenges,  to  embrace  new  ideas." 
While  at  Duke,  Michael,  a  self-described 
introvert,  says  he  "stretched  out  of  [his]  geek, 
nerd  mode,"  and  wrote  for  Prometheus  Black, 
the  premier  African-American  publication 
on  campus  at  the  time.  All  the  McGlock- 
ton children  say  they  enjoyed  their  educa- 
tional experience  above  all  else.  "Classes 


CAREER  CORNER 


minded  me  of  old  Europe;  it  gave  me  a  sense 
of  comfort,"  he  says.  "I  thought  it  was  a 
beautiful,  peaceful  place  to  learn.  It  just  felt 
right." 

Each  sibling  followed  in  his  footsteps. 
The  second  oldest,  Michael  A.  McGlock- 
ton B.S.E.  '81,  whom  Tamara  describes  as 
having  "all  the  math  brains  in  the  family," 
had  earned  a  scholarship  from  NASA  to 
attend  another  college,  but  his  parents 
encouraged  him  to  choose  Duke  instead. 
Michael  says  that,  having  lived  in  so  many 
places,  the  McGlockton  children  adapted 
easily  to  new  environments.  "College  was- 
n't that  big  of  a  shock." 

The  third  sibling,  Tarshia  A.  McGlockton 
'84,  M.B.A.  '88,  says  she  considered  attend- 
ing Wellesley  College,  but  chose  Duke 
because  "it  was  a  good  school  and  because 
my  brothers  were  there."  By  the  time  it  was 
Tamara 's  turn  to  decide  on  colleges,  there 
was  no  need  for  deliberation  or  second 
guessing:  She  applied  to  Duke  early  deci- 
sion. "I  had  looked  at  it  for  all  of  us,"  Wil- 
liam explains. 

All  four  siblings  agree  that  Duke  was  a 
life-changing  experience.  And,  although  some 
African-American  alumni  report  that  they 
felt  out  of  place  at  Duke  in  the  1980s,  all 
four  McGlockton  siblings  say  they  felt  com- 
fortable, even  embraced,  while  in  school. 


were  so  interesting,"  William  says,  "it  was 
an  opportunity  to  expand  your  mind." 

The  siblings  say  they  attribute  their  suc- 
cess to  the  encouragement  and  support  of 
their  parents,  William  McGlockton  Sr.  and 
Lutrelle  Winifred  McGlockton.  As  a  thank 
you,  the  McGlockton  children  gave  them  a 
piece  of  Cameron  Indoor  Stadium's  famous 
wood  floor  for  their  fortieth  wedding  an- 
niversary, a  symbol  of  the  family's  intimate 
connection  with  Duke. 

Although  each  sibling  has  grown  up  and 
moved  on  from  Duke,  the  McGlockton  fam- 
ily still  maintains  a  special  bond  with  the 
university.  "It's  wound  into  my  family — who 
I  am,"  William  says.  "I  would  never  change 
it.  I  can't  imagine  going  anywhere  else.  It's 
one  of  the  proudest  things  I've  ever  done." 
— Emily  Znamierowski  '07 


Alumnus  Killed  In  Iraq 

James  J.  Regan  '02,  a  sergeant  and  Army 
Ranger,  died  February  9  in  northern  Iraq 
from  wounds  suffered  when  an  explo- 
sive device  detonated  near  his  vehicle. 
Regan,  who  was  assigned  to  the  3rd  Bat- 
talion, 75th  Ranger  Regiment  based  at  Fort 
Benning  in  Georgia,  was  on  his  second  tour 
of  duty  in  Iraq.  He  previously  served  two 


Ash  the  Expert 

What  advice  do  you  have  for  a  dual-career 
couple  when  one  loses  a  job? 

When  you  first  become  a  dual- 
career  couple,  you  typically 
spend  countless  hours  decid- 
ing important  questions: 
Where  do  you  want  to  live?  Whose 
career  comes  first?  How  important  is  job 
satisfaction?  Where  would  be  the  best 
place  to  start  a  family? 

When  your  life  is  thrown  into  chaos 
through  job  loss,  you'll  need  to  review 
your  answers  to  all  these  questions  and 
unemotionally  assess  your  situation. 
But  your  immediate  concern  should  be 
whether  you  have  enough  money  to  sur- 
vive without  a  second  paycheck  and,  if 
so,  for  how  long. 

The  longer  you  can  live  at  your  cur- 
rent level,  with  little  impact  on  the 
lifestyle  to  which  you've  become  accus- 
tomed, the  longer  you  can  take  to  assess 
your  options.  Reducing  discretionary 
spending,  getting  loans,  or  refinancing 
your  mortgage  can  buy  you  more  time. 
But  it's  important  to  put  limits  on  how 
long  you're  willing  to  be  unemployed. 

From  a  career  perspective,  it's  unwise 
to  take  a  long-term  position  at  a  lower 
level  just  because  you  need  the  money. 
That  could  limit  future  income.  Try 
instead  to  work  for  a  temporary  firm  that 
handles  professional  positions,  or  identi- 
fy consulting  opportunities. 

Experts  predict  that  unless  the  econo- 
my is  really  good  in  your  field,  you  may 
be  unemployed  one  month  for  every 
$10,000  of  salary  you  need.  If  you're 
looking  for  a  faster  turnaround,  treat 
your  job  search  like  a  sixty-hour-a-week 
job,  have  a  trusted  professional  critique 
your  resume  and  cover  letter,  and  start 
talking  to  everyone  you  know  about 
what  you'd  like  to  do.  And  take  heart.  It 
may  seem  tough  now,  but  job  loss  often 
leads  to  better  opportunities. 

— Sheila  Curran 

Curran  is  the  Fannie  Mitchell  Executive 
Director  of  the  Career  Center. 

The  Career  Center,  in  partnership  with  the 
DAA,  proi'ides  career  advice  to  alumni. 
Send  questions  or  inquiries  to  career-alum- 
ni@studentaffairs.duke.edu. 


March-April  2007 


(POPS)  and  Skydivers  Over  Sixty  (SOS)  conference 
where  Alex  achieved  her  100th  jump  on  Oct.  13 
with  13  skydivers,  and  he  attained  his  200th  skydive 
with  a  60-year-old  pilot  on  a  60-year-old  airplane 
with  skydivers  who  were  all  at  least  60. 

Sarah  D.  Jerome  MAT.  '69,  D.Ed.  73  served  on 
the  jury  for  the  Brock  International  Prize  in  Educa- 
tion, which  is  awarded  to  an  individual  who  has  had 
a  "significant  impact  on  the  practice  or  understand- 
ing of  the  field  of  education."  She  is  superintendent 
for  Arlington  Heights  School  District  25  in  Illinois. 


1970s 


Heloise  Catherine  Merrill  7 1 ,  J.D.  77  has  been 
recognized  in  The  Best  Lawyers  m  America  2007  for 
her  work  in  employee-benefits  law  and  has  been 
named  a  fellow  of  the  Amei  tear)  I  '■  illege  of  Employee 
Benefits  Counsel.  She  is  with  the  Charlotte  office  of 
the  law  firm  Parker  Poe  Adams  &  Bernstein. 

Renee  J.  Gubernot  Montgomery  71,  J.D.  78 

has  been  recognized  in  The  Best  Lawyers  in  America 
2007  for  her  work  in  employee-benefits  law.  She  is 
with  the  Raleigh  office  of  the  law  firm  Parker  Poe 
Adams  &  Bernstein. 

Lynn  A.  Saville  71  had  her  photography  exhibit- 
ed as  part  of  the  school  of  the  International  Center  of 
Photography  faculty  exhibition  last  fall. 

Peter  Edwin  Broadbent  Jr.  73  has  been  re- 
elected chairman  of  the  business-law  section  of  the 
Virginia  State  Bar  and  was  recognized  in  2006  in 
Virginia  Super  Lawyers  for  his  practice  in  utilities  law. 
He  is  a  partner  with  Christian  &  Barton  in  Richmond, 
Va.   in  business,  intellectual-property,  governmental, 


Linda  Ruth  Chambliss  B.S.N.  73  has  been 
named  professor  ot  obstetrics  and  gynecology  and 
medical  director  of  labor  and  delivery  at  St.  Louis 
University  and  St.  Mary's  hospital  in  St.  Louis.  She 
and  her  four  children  live  in  Clayton,  Mo. 
Jerrold  Conrad  Perlet  73  received  The 

Washington  Cost's  Distinguished  Educational 
Leadership  Award  for  Montgomery  County,  Md.  He 
is  in  his  14th  year  as  an  elementary-school  principal 
and  lives  with  his  wife,  Marie  Perlet  72,  in 
Ashton,  Md. 

John  Marshall  Alton  74  has  tried  medical  negli- 
gence and  tort  cases  throughout  Ohio  for  29  years. 
He  owns  John  M.  Alton  Co.  in  Columbus,  Ohio,  and 
is  an  inducted  fellow  of  the  American  College  of 
Trial  Lawyers.  He  lives  in  Blacklick,  Ohio,  with  his 
wife,  Peggy  Hindenach  Alton,  and  three  children. 
Jerry  Stuart  Apple  74,  M.D.  78  is  a  diagnostic 
radiologist  specializing  in  musculoskeletal  radiology 
and  TMJ  disorders.  He  lives  in  Voorhees,  N.J.,  and 
was  named  a  "Top  Doctor"  by  Philadelphia  Magazine 
in  2004  and  2006.  He  is  married  to  Janice  K.  Apple, 
a  speech  pathologist,  and  they  have  three  children, 
Alexander  C.  Apple  '07,  Andrew  E.  Apple 

'10,  and  Emily  Apple,  an  eighth-grader. 
Kim  Alan  Carmichael  74  has  accepted  the  posi- 
tion of  associate  professor  of  medicine  in  the  division 
of  endocrinology,  metabolism,  and  lipid  research  at 
Washington  University  in  St.  Louis. 
Stephen  Doyle  Huffman  BSE.  74,  M.S.  76, 
Ph.D.  78  has  been  appointed  chief  technology  officer 
of  rhe  MITRE  Corp.,  a  not-for-profit  company  that 
provides  systems  engineering,  research  and  develop- 
ment, and  information-technology  support  to  the 
federal  government. 
Anna  Beth  Payne  74,  A.M.  75  has  been 


appointed  associate  dean  of  students  at  Susquehanna 
University  in  Selinsgrove,  Pa. 

Michelle  Shavel  Garraux  75  has  been  named 
:  vice  chancellor  for  university  marketing 
t  the  University  of  Pittsburgh. 
She  joined  the  university  in  1993  as  director  of 
marketing  for  the  offices  of  business  and  finance  and 
most  recently  served  as  executive  director  for  univer- 
sity marketing  communications.  She  lives  in  Bethel 
Park,  Pa. 

Clarence  J.  Gideon  Jr.  75  has  been  recognized 

in  The  Best  Lawyers  in  America  2007  for  his  work  in 
medical-malpractice  and  personal-injury  litigation. 
He  has  been  included  in  every  publication  of  Best 
Lawyers  in  America  since  1991.  Gideon  heads  Gideon 
&  Wiseman,  a  17-attorney  law  firm  in  Nashville, 
Tenn.,  and  is  a  member  of  the  clinical  faculty  at  the 
Vanderbilt  Universiry  School  of  Law. 

C.  Allen  Parker  77  has  been  named  deputy  pre- 
siding partner  at  the  law  firm  Cravath,  Swaine  6k 
Moore.  He  works  in  the  firm's  commercial-banking 
practice. 

Mary  G.  deButtS  78  had  her  art  exhibited  in  The 
Substance  of  Color,  at  the  Agora  Gallery's  Chelsea 
location  in  New  York  in  December. 

Gordon  Dubose  Quin  79,  MEM.  '83  has 

opened  a  law  office  m  Washington  where  he  will 
continue  to  specialize  in  environmental  law.  Before 
that,  he  served  1 1  years  as  assistant  general  counsel  at 
the  global  headquarters  of  Honeywell  International 
Inc.  in  Morristovvn,  N.J. 

James  Lynn  Werner  79  has  been  recognized  in 
The  Best  Lawyers  in  America  2007  for  his  work  in  con- 
struction law.  He  is  with  the  Columbia,  S.C.,  office  of 
the  law  firm  Tiirker  Toe  Adams  tsi  Bernstein. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


BIRTHS:  Daughter  to  Robert  L.  Rosenfeld  Jr. 
79  and  Emily  Cohen  Rosenfeld  '87  on  July  25, 

2006.  Named  Abby  Irene. 


1980s 


Keith  Evan  Hickerson  '80  has  joined  The 
American  College  as  vice  president  of  marketing 
communications  and  research. 
Carlette  Catherine  Teresa  McMullan  SO  is  the 

manager  of  the  private-investor  department  at  William 
Blair  &  Co.,  an  investment-banking  firm  with  head- 
quarters in  Chicago.  She  has  worked  at  William  Blair 
for  1 7  years  and  serves  on  the  firm's  executive  com- 
mittee. Her  husband,  John  Gibbons,  is  the  Midwest 
sales  manager  for  the  renal  division  of  Baxter 
Healthcare.  The  couple  has  a  daughter,  Madeleine. 

Steven  John  Schiff  M.D.  '81,  Ph.D.  '85  has  been 
named  the  Brush  Chair  Professor  of  engineering  at 
Penn  State  University  and  holds  joint  appointments 
as  a  professor  of  engineering  science  and  mechanics 
in  the  college  of  engineering  and  a  professor  of  neu- 
rosurgery in  the  college  of  medicine. 
Robin  Jayne  Stinson  '81  has  been  recognized  in 
The  Best  Lawyers  in  America  2007.  She  is  a  partner 
with  Bell  Davis  &  Pitt  in  Winston-Salem.  Stinson's 
practice  concentrates  on  family  law. 
Monica  Donath  Kohnen  '82  was  a  finalist  for  the 
ATHENA  award  from  Cincy  Business  magazine, 
which  recognizes  women  who  demonstrate  "strength, 
courage,  wisdom,  and  enlightenment."  She  is  a  part- 
ner with  Graydon  Head  ck  Ritchey  in  Cincinnati  and 
serves  on  the  boards  of  several  local  charities  and 
Republican  Party  organizations. 
Alan  Meredith  Ruley  '82  has  been  recognized  in 
The  Best  Lawyers  in  America  2007.  He  is  a  partner 
with  Bell  Davis  6k  Pitt  in  Winston-Salem.  His  prac- 
tice concentrates  on  commercial  litigation. 

Amy  Schoen  B.S.E.  '82  is  the  founder  of  Heartmind 
Connection  Coaching,  a  life-coaching  and  dating 
and  relationship  consulting  business.  She  is  the 
author  of  Motivated  to  Mam1:  Now  There  is  a  Belter 
Method  to  Daring  and  Relationships .  She  and  her  hus- 
band, Allen,  live  in  Rockville,  Md. 

Patricia  Lombardia  Barbari  '83  has  been  pro- 
moted to  first  vice  president  in  the  individual  policy 
services  department  of  New  York  Life  Insurance  Co. 
She  lives  in  Manhattan  with  her  husband,  William, 
and  their  son,  Matthew. 

Anna  Blackburne-Rigsby  '83  was  appointed  to 
the  District  of  Columbia  Court  of  Appeals  last 
August.  She  had  previously  served  as  an  associate 
judge  of  the  D.C.  Superior  Court.  She  is  married  to 
Robert  Rigsby,  a  judge  on  the  D.C.  Superior  Court, 
with  whom  she  has  a  son. 

Marguerite  C.  Bateman  '84  has  joined  the  finan- 
cial-services group  of  Sutherland  Asbill  &  Brennan 
as  partner.  Based  in  Washington,  she  will  represent 
mutual  funds,  mutual-fund  boards  of  directors,  and 
investment-management  organizations  in  areas  such 
as  mutual-fund  regulation,  fund  governance  and  best 
practices,  and  compliance  mattets. 

Kevin  R.  Porter  M.D.  '84  was  recognized  at  the 
Minorities  in  Research  Science  Conference  in  Bal- 
timore in  Septembet.  Portet  is  a  captain  in  the  Navy. 

Mohsin  Saleet  Jafri  '86  became  full  professor  and 
chair  of  the  department  of  bioinformatics  and  com- 
putational biology  at  Geotge  Mason  University  in 
June  2006. 
Judith  Campbell  '87  is  a  forensic  psychologist 


jimmy  Creech,  M.Div.  '70, 
working  to  eliminate  bigotry 

ecent  wrangling  among 
Episcopalians  over  the 
ordination  of  a  gay  bish- 
op has  reignited  debate 
about  the  proper  place  for  gays  within 
the  church.  But  well  before  this  latest 
controversy,  there  was  the  story  of 
Jimmy  Creech,  a  minister  in  the  United 
Methodist  Church  who  was  stripped  of 
his  credentials  of  ordination  after  cele- 
brating the  holy  union  of  two  men. 

That  was  in  1999,  and  although 
Creech  is  no  longer  an  ordained  minis- 
ter, he  hasn't  stopped  fighting  against 
what  he  calls  "bigotry  disguised  as  reli- 
gious truth." 

As  director  of  community  service  for 
the  furniture  manufacturer  Mitchell 
Gold  +  Bob  Williams,  Creech  is  respon- 
sible for  managing  the  company's 
charitable  giving,  which  includes  pro- 
viding corporate  sponsorship  to  organi- 
zations such  as  Parents,  Families  and 
Friends  of  Lesbians  and  Gays.  While 
Creech  earns  his  living  through  Mitchell 
Gold,  the  position  has  also  afforded 
him  the  time  to  found  and  serve  as  vol- 
unteer executive  director  for  Faith  In 
America  (FIA),  a  nonprofit  organization 
that  works  to  eliminate  religious-based 
bigotry  against  gay,  lesbian,  bisexual , 
and  transgender  (GLBT)  people. 

Creech  started  FIA  in  December 
2005.  Since  then,  he  has  launched  a 
media  campaign  designed  to  promote 
acceptance  of  GLBT  people  and  to  edu- 
cate Americans  about  how  religious- 
based  discrimination  has  been  target- 
ed at  other  minority  groups  in  the  past. 
So  far,  the  campaign  has  appeared  in 
seven  cities  across  the  country. 

Although  Creech  has  always  cared 
about  social  justice,  for  many  years  he 
was,  he  says,  a  homophobe.  At  Duke 
Divinity  School,  he  involved  himself 
with  the  major  issues  of  the  day,  pro- 
testing Vietnam  and  supporting  civil 
rights.  But  it  wasn't  until  1 984,  when 
he  was  a  pastor  in  North  Carolina,  that 
he  began  to  accept  GLBT  people. 

The  change  came  after  a  member  of 
his  congregation  revealed  to  Creech  that 
he  was  gay.  "Because  of  his  integrity 
and  dignity  and  strong  moral  character, 
I  had  to  rethink  my  attitude," Creech 
says.  After  doing  biblical  and  historical 


research,  Creech  concluded  that  the 
church's  views  on  homosexuality  were 
bigoted  and  wrong.  "For  the  church  to 
have  integrity  and  truly  be  able  to 
speak  about  God's  unconditional  love, 
it  had  to  purge  itself  of  bigotry." 

Starting  in  1987,  Creech  began  pub- 
licly challenging  church  teachings  on 
homosexuality.  Three  years  later,  he 
celebrated  a  same-gender  union  for  the 
first  time  and,  over  the  next  decade, 
performed  a  dozen  more.  (These  were 
religious,  not  legal,  proceedings.  In 
most  states,  same-sex  marriage  and 
civil  unions  are  not  recognized  by  law, 
and  at  the  time  no  states  recognized 
either.)  In  1996,  however,  the  United 
Methodist  Church  passed  legislation 
preventing  its  clergy  from  conducting 
same-sex  unions  (no  policy  had  existed 
on  the  matter  before).  Creech  informed 
his  bishop  that  he  would  conduct 
unions  regardless.  The  next  year,  while 
senior  pastor  at  a  church  in  Omaha,  he 
celebrated  the  union  of  two  women. 

Creech  was  charged  with  violating 
the  "Order  and  Discipline  of  the  United 
Methodist  Church."ln  the  church  trial 
that  followed,  he  was  acquitted.  The 


next  year  he  stood  trial  again,  for  cele- 
brating the  union  of  two  men  in  Chapel 
Hill.  This  time,  the  jury  found  against 
him,  and  Creech's  credentials  were 
taken  away. 

Out  of  a  job,  Creech  accepted  invita- 
tions to  speak  around  the  country  and 
started  working  part-time  at  Whole 
Foods  Market  in  Raleigh.  He  accepted 
the  Mitchell  Gold  position  in  fall  2005, 
handling  its  charitable-giving  programs 
during  the  week  and  working  on  the 
media  campaign  over  weekends. 

This  year,  FIA's  media  campaign  is 
spreading,  with  plans  to  move  into  four 
new  states,  including  Iowa  and  New 
Hampshire.  Creech,  who  lives  with  his 
wife  in  Raleigh  and  has  two  grown 
children,  says  he  has  no  regrets  about 
his  past.  He  didn't  want  to  be  ordained, 
Creech  says,  "just  so  I  could  say  I  was 
ordained."  He  says  that  what  he  is  doing 
now  is  the  way  he  can  contribute  most 
to  the  institution  he  served  for  so  long. 
— Lucas  Schaefer '04 

Schaefer  is  a  freelance  writer  based 
in  Austin,  Texas,  and  the  director  of  the 
Gay?  Fine  By  Me  T-Shirt  Project. 


March-April  2007 


Homeowner/Member  in  a  mountaintop 
:  community  like  no  other 


*  Estate  homes  *  Mountain  cottages  *  Town  homes 

*  Average  summer  temperature  of  75° 

*  The  highest  golf  course  east  of  the  rockies 

Enjoy  picturesque  views,  tennis,  croquet,  exquisite  dining'  ana  a  world-class  spa 

Linville  Ridge  -  A  North  Carolina  treasure  created  oy  nature  and  re-defined 
by  the  Lutgert  Companies 


828.898.5151  •  800.898.5150 

www.linvilleriag'e.com 


Above  All 


'ae  stmktiondu  ke 

We  are  proud  to  unveil  our  graciously 
enhanced  Inn.  Enjoy  elegant  new  guest  rooms, 
expanded  dining  choices,  fitness  center  and 
pool,  plus  championship  golf.  Now,  more  than 
ever,  this  is  your  destination  for  a  luxurious 
stay  and  a  warm  Southern  welcome. 


f$r 


So  Much  That's  New! 
Fiiirview  Dining  Room 
Vista  Restaurant,  Golf-view  t 
Pool  &  Fitness  center 
Magnificent  ballroom 
Executive  Conference  Center 


Washington  Duke 
Inn  &  Golf  Club 


with  the  Federal  Bureau  of  Prisons  at  the  Federal 
Medical  Center  in  Lexington,  Ky.  She  specializes  in 
assessments  of  competency  and  criminal  responsibili- 
ty for  the  federal  court  system.  She  lives  in  Lexington 
with  her  husband,  Rich,  and  their  son.  Perry. 

Christopher  Edward  Farrell  BSE.  '89,  MBA. 
'96  has  been  appointed  vice  president  of  ClearApp,  a 
Silicon  Valley-based  provider  of  model-driven  per- 
formance-management solutions  for  portal,  J2EE, 
and  SOA  applications. 

Claire  Anne  Fontijn  '89,  Ph.D.  '94  has  completed 
the  first  biography  of  the  Venetian  singer-composer 
Bembo,  who  worked  as  a  composer  at  the  court  of 
Louis  XIV,  Desperate  Measures:  The  Life  and  Music  of 
Antonia  Padoani  Bembo.  It  was  published  by  Oxford 
University  Press.  She  is  an  associate  professor  and 
chair  of  the  music  department  at  Wellesley  College. 

Lisa  Breazeale  Roberts  '89  is  the  2006-07  presi- 
dent  of  the  Junior  League  of  Memphis,  Tenn.,  a 
1,700-member  organization  of  trained  volunteers 
serving  a  variety  of  community  needs. 
MARRIAGES:  Carlette  Catherine  Teresa 
McMullan  '80  to  John  Gibbons  on  April  24,  2004. 
Residence:  Chicago. ..Elizabeth  Isler  Patrick 
A.H.C.  '83  to  William  Devine  Sabiston  IV  on  Oct. 
14,  2006.  Residence:  Durham... Mohsin  Saleet 
Jafri  '86  to  Sumaira  Andrabi  on  Sept.  4,  2006. 
Residence:  Manassas,  Va. 


BIRTHS:  First  daughter  and  child  to  Carlette 
Catherine  Teresa  McMullan  '80  and  John 

Gibbons  on  Aug.  8,  2005.  Named  Madeleine... 
Fourth  child  and  second  son  to  Frank  Helm 
Myers  '84  and  Kelly  Pulsifer  on  Sept.  29,  2006. 
Named  David  Thomas  Pulsifer  Myers... Fifth  child 

and  third  daughter  to  Melinda  Marion  Wick  '86 
and  Tom  Wick  on  Dec.  20,  2005.  Named  Madeline 
Grace... Daughter  to  Emily  Cohen  Rosenfeld 
'87  and  Robert  L.  Rosenfeld  Jr.  '79  on  July  25, 
2006.  Named  Abby  Irene. .  .Third  child  and  first 
daughter  to  Dana  Alice  Krug  '89  and  Stephen 
Lichtensrein  on  Sept.  15,  2005.  Named  Charlotte 
Alix... Second  child  and  daughter  to  Sarah  Malin 
LeBuhn  '89  and  Richard  Towne  LeBuhn  on  May  8, 
2006.  Named  Emmaline  Taylor. 


1990s 


Oren  Chaim  Lewin  '90  has  been  appointed  senior 
vice  president  of  marketing  for  premium  wines  ar 
Centerra  Wine  Co.  in  Canandaigua,  N.Y.  He  previ- 
ously served  as  the  vice  president  of  marketing  on  the 
import  portfolio  for  Foster's  Wine  Estates. 

Robert  Aaron  Book  '91  has  been  appointed 
assistant  professor  of  economics  ar  the  Industrial 
College  of  the  Armed  Forces,  National  Defense 
University,  in  Washington.  He  lives  with  his  wife, 
Mandy,  and  their  three  children  in  Fairfax,  Va. 

Scott  William  DibbS  '91  has  joined  the  law  firm 
Hill,  Ward  &  Henderson. 

Jonathan  Stuart  Gilbert  '91  was  recently  ap- 
pointed chair  of  the  young-adult  division  of  the  Jewish 
Fedetation  of  Palm  Beach  County,  Fla.  He  is  a  real- 
esrare  attorney  with  Gunstet,  Yoakley  &  Stewart. 

John  Eugene  Grupp  B.S.E.  '92  has  been  recog- 
nized in  The  Best  Lawyers  in  America  2007  for  his  work 
in  product-liability  litigation.  He  is  with  the  Charlotte 
office  of  the  law  firm  Parker  Poe  Adams  &  Bernstein. 

Peter  Jay  Karpas  M.B.A.  '92  has  been  promoted 
to  chief  marketing  and  product  management  officer 
at  Intuit  Inc.,  the  makers  of  Quicken,  TurboTax,  and 
Quickbooks.  He  was  recently  elected  to  the  board  of 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


trustees  of  the  Computer  History  Museum  and  lives 
in  Silicon  Valley,  Calif. 

Jennifer  Huntley  Mario  '92  is  the  author  of 

Michelle  Wie:  The  Making  of  a  Champion,  published  by 
St.  Martin's  Press. 

Eric  Peter  Schroeder  '92  has  been  recognized  as 

a  2006  Rising  Star  by  Luc  &  /'<  ilirics  and  Super  Liu^ers 
magazines.  Schroeder  is  a  partner  with  Powell  Gold- 
stein in  Atlanta,  where  he  leads  the  appellate-practice 
section.  His  practice  focuses  on  media,  First-Amend- 
ment, health-care,  and  intellectual-property  law. 

Lonnie  McGowen  Player  Jr.  '93  is  a  partner 
with  the  law  firm  Hutchens,  Senter  &  Britton  in 
Fayetteville,  N.C.  He  was  recently  elected  president 
of  the  Cumberland  County  Bat  Association  and  has 
been  appointed  to  the  North  Carolina  Judicial 
Council  by  the  president  pro  tempote  of  the  North 
Carolina  Senate.  He  lives  with  his  wife,  Dana,  and 
stepdaughter,  Alex,  in  Fayetteville. 

Paul  Roger  Taylor  A.M.  '93  was  named  vice  pres- 
ident for  institutional  advancement  at  St.  Vincent 
College  in  Latrobe,  Pa.  He  has  served  as  the  associate 
vice  president  ot  in^t iturion.il  advancement  since  2002. 

David  Russell  Malin  '94  is  a  neuroradiologist  with 
Hampton  Roads  Radiology  Associates  in  Norfolk,  Va. 

David  Michaels  '95  has  been  named  partner  in 
the  San  Francisco  office  of  Bain  &  Co.,  a  global  man- 
agement consulting  firm,  in  the  global  health-care, 
global  customer  strategy,  global  consumer  products 
and  retail  division. 

Amy  Knight  Nelson  '95  is  a  senior  actuarial  analyst 
with  Stanley,  Hunt,  DuPree  &  Rhine  Inc.,  an  employee- 
benefits  consulting  firm  in  Greensboro.  She  lives  with 
her  husband,  Richard,  in  High  Point,  N.C. 

Erika  Serow  '95  has  been  named  pattner  in  the 
New  York  office  of  Bain  &  Co.  global  management 
consulting  firm,  in  the  global  consumet  products  and 

Robyn  Barnett  Thomas  '95  has  been  named  the 
executive  director  of  the  board  of  directors  of  Legal 
Community  Against  Violence,  a  public-interest  law 
center  dedicated  to  pteventing  gun  violence.  She  had 
previously  been  the  executive  director  of  the  Tikkun 
Community,  an  international  interfaith  organization 
focused  on  the  spiritual  dimension  of  social  justice 
and  political  freedom,  based  in  Berkeley,  Calif. 

Alexa  Louise  Kapioltas  '96  has  been  named  an 
associate  of  the  architectural  firm  Corgan  Associates 
Inc.  She  lives  in  Dallas  and  is  the  chair  of  the  Ameri- 
can Institute  of  Architects'  Dallas  Gala,  a  volunteer 
for  St.  Jude  Children's  Research  Hospital,  and  a 
membet  of  the  Juniot  League  of  Dallas  and  the  board 
of  directots  for  WaterTower  Theater. 

Kirsten  Travers-Uyham  A.M.  '96,  Ph.D.  '98  was 
promoted  to  managing  directot  at  Bear  Stearns  and 
Co.  in  December. 

Jeffrey  Leon  Epstein  '97  has  been  awarded  a 
Cleveland  Executive  Fellowship  by  The  Cleveland 
Foundation  and  will  spend  a  yeat  studying  the  people 
and  institutions  guiding  Cleveland's  civic  agenda. 
After  graduating  from  the  Georgetown  University 
Law  Center  in  2004,  Epstein  worked  as  a  law  clerk 
forjudge  Solomon  Oliver  Jr.  of  the  U.S.  District 
Coutt  in  Cleveland. 

MARRIAGES:  Susan  Elizabeth  Cates  '92  to 

Edward  Scott  Warren  on  Oct.  7,  2006.  Residence: 
Dallas...  Amy  Leigh-Ann  Knight  '95  to  James 
Richard  Nelson  on  May  20,  2006.  Residence:  High 
Point,  N.C. ..Jill  Lauren  Arnold  '97  to  Jorge  S. 
Wagner  on  April  1,  2006.  Residence:  New  York... 
Erik  Norman  Johnson  '97  to  Laura  Christine 


MINI-PROFILE 


Deborah  Langsam  Ph.D. 
'81 ,  sweet-tooth  proprietor 

Deborah  Langsam  has 
made  a  name  for  herself 
as  co-proprietor  of  Bark- 
ing Dog  Chocolatiers, 
based  in  Charlotte,  but  she's  no  sweet- 
tooth  snob. "I'm  a  great  believer  in 
chocolate  desperation,"  she  says. 

If  it's  July  and  the  only  chocolate 
around  is  left  over  from  Halloween,  her 
advice  is  to  eat  and  enjoy. 

Don't  mistake  this  advice  for  igno- 
rance orthe  lack  of  a  discriminating 
palate.  Not  only  can  Langsam  create 
delectable  truffles,  ganaches,  and  pas- 
tries, but  as  a  former  botany  professor 
she  can  also  explain  the  chemistry  be- 
hind those  tempting  tastes.  (Were  you 
aware,  for  example,  that  chocolate  is 
not  a  solid,  but  a  non-Newtonian  fluid?) 

With  her  husband  Joal  Fischer,  a 
developmental  pediatrician,  she  has 
put  her  chocolate  talents  to  good  use. 
Since  2000,  Langsam  and  Fischer  have 
been  delighting  customers  with  fine 
candies,  while  channeling  the  profits 
into  SupportWorks,  a  nonprofit  venture 
founded  by  Fischerto  offer  help  to  the 
public  in  researching  medical  informa- 
tion and  finding  or  forming  support 
groups  for  a  wide  range  of  issues  or  in- 
terests, from  overeating  or  overspend- 
ing to  home  schooling  or  sick-building 
syndrome. 

Last  year,  they  made  and  sold  enough 
chocolate  to  meet  SupportWorks' 
annual  budget  of  around  $10,000.  The 
arrangement  keeps  SupportWorks 
focused  on  its  mission  rather  than  on 
the  search  for  grant  money.  It  also 
enables  Langsam  and  Fischerto  enjoy 
their  chocolate  venture  and  avoid  pres- 
sures for  constant  growth  in  profits. 

Chocolate  was  not  the  only  reason 
Langsam  left  academe  in  2002,  after 
twenty-two  years  in  the  botany 
department  at  the  University  of  North 
Carolina  at  Charlotte.  The  chocolate 
business  was  well  underway,  but  fab- 
ric art  was  the  passion  that  tugged  her 
toward  retirement.  These  days,  she 
alternates  fabric  art  and  chocolate  with 
volunteer  duty  as  curator  of  the  fungal 
collection  at  a  local  natural-history 
museum  and  as  a  consultant  for  educa- 
tional institutions  on  ways  to  document 
teaching  effectiveness — a  primary  in- 


terest of  hers  during  her  faculty  years. 
Langsam  was  a  thoroughly  urban 
New  Yorker  when  she  headed  south  for 
a  summer  at  the  Duke  Marine  Lab  after 
graduating  from  Brooklyn  College  in 

1 972.  She  fully  intended  the  course  to 
be  a  brief  rural  adventure  before 
returning  to  New  York  to  complete  her 
master's  in  oceanography  at  City  College. 

Instead,  she  says,  she"fell  in  love" 
with  the  sunshine  and  the  artful  world 
she  discovered  through  the  microscope 
and  applied  to  Duke's  doctoral  program 
in  botany.  She  arrived  in  Durham  in 

1973,  where  a  couple  of  years  in  the 
graduate-student  dorms  and  a  couple 
more  as  an  undergraduate  dorm  advis- 
er gave  her  the  campus  experience  she 
had  missed  as  a  commuting  student. 

In  1980,  she  joined  the  faculty  at 
UNC-Charlotte,  where  she  immersed 
herself  in  teaching  and  met  and  mar- 
ried Fischer.  They  both  loved  to  travel 
but  disliked  being  tourists.  Early  on, 
their  solution  was  cooking  courses. 

They  were  pursuing  pastry  classes 
in  Paris  when  they  found  themselves 
smitten  with  chocolate.  "One  of  the 
things  that  attracted  both  of  us  to 


<occn.A 


chocolate  was  the  science  behind  it," 
Langsam  says.  "We  found  a  lot  of  peo- 
i  pie  who  had  incredible  experience  with 
!  chocolate  but  couldn't  explain  the  sci- 
ence. The  language  we  understood — 
'the  fat  chemistry' — helped  us 
tremendously." 

Langsam  and  Fischer  began  taking 
chocolate  classes  around  the  world 
and  applying  what  they  learned  when 
they  returned  home  to  Charlotte.  It 
was  only  natural  that  they  began  to 
make  more  chocolate  than  they  and 
their  friends  could  devour.  Barking  Dog 
Chocolatiers  (named  for  a  beloved, 
now-deceased  mutt  who  barked  only 
when  hungry)  was  the  solution  to  the 
chocolate  surplus. 

"Who  would  have  thought  that  a 
love  affair  with  microscopic  fungal 
structures  would  have  wrenched  me 
from  New  York,  taken  me  on  my 
academic  journey,  and  wound  up  as  a 
passion  for  color,  shape,  and  texture 
that  now  translates  into  chocolate  and 
fabric  art  design?"  Langsam  muses. 
It's  a  journey  that  has  held  more 
than  a  few  surprises,  but  clearly  one 
that  has  taken  a  very  sweet  turn. 

— SoraEngram 

Engrain,  a  freelance  writer,  writes 
about  food  for  the  Baltimore  Sun  and 
other  publications. 


March- April  2007         71 


Acker  on  July  4.  2006.  Residence:  New  York..  Brian 
Douglas  Igel  '9L)  to  Stacy  Danielle  Morgenstern 
on  May  28,  2006.  Residence:  New  York. 
BIRTHS:  First  child  and  son  to  Angie  Yang  Doyle 
'90  and  Sean  Doyle  on  Nov.  11,  2005.  Named  Kai 
Brennan... Third  child  and  first  son  to  Laura 
Paresky  Gould  '90  and  J.  Eric  Gould  on  July  18, 
2006.  Named  Paul  Emanuel... First  child  and  daugh- 
ter to  Clark  Geddie  '91  and  Mina  Garcia 
Soormally  A.M.  '03,  Ph.D.  '07  on  July  8,  2006. 
Named  Amanda  Vivian. .  .First  child  and  son  ro 
Jason  Appel  '92  and  Hilary  Appel  on  May  6. 
Named  Jared  Ian... First  child  and  son  to  Christine 
Purnell  Chase  '92  and  Daniel  Ellsworth  Chase  on 
Sept.  25,  2006.  Named  Daniel  Ellsworth  Chase 
Jr.. ..Second  child  and  first  son  to  John  Patrick 
Rodgers  BSE.  '92  and  Margee  Best  Rodgers 
B.S.E.  '93  on  Aug.  2,  2006.  Named  Donnelly  James.. . 
First  child  and  daughter  to  Carolyn  McCracken 
Silvey  '92  and  Jeffrey  Silvey  on  Sept.  3,  2006.  Named 
Kathryn  Elizabeth... Second  child  and  first  son  to 
Anders  William  Hall  '93  and  Joanna  Faulkner 
Hall  on  Nov.  6,  2006.  Named  Stewart  William... Son 
to  Elizabeth  Werness  Martin  '93  and  Marshall 
Curry  on  Sept.  6,  2006.  Named  Rivers  Martin 
Curry... Second  child  and  first  son  to  Margee  Best 
Rodgers  BSE   93  and  John  Patrick  Rodgers 
B.S.E.  '92  on  Aug.  2,  2006.  Named  Donnelly  James. . . 
First  child  and  daughter  to  John  Joseph  Uyham 
'93  and  Kirsten  Travers-Uyham  A.M.  '96,  Ph.D. 
'98  on  June  10,  2005.  Named  Marit  Alexandra  Travers 
Uyham. ..First  child  and  daughter  to  Shannon 
Hodge  Boaz  '94  and  David  Boaz  on  Sept.  9,  2006. 
Named  Natalie  Mae... First  child  and  daughter  ro 

Robyn  Fader  Buckley  '94  and  Tripp  Buckley  on 
April  6,  2006.  Named  Peyton  Elizabeth... First  child 
and  daughter  to  David  Walter  Choate  B.S.E.  '94 
and  Anne  Fahrig  Choate  '95  on  Feb.  28,  2006. 


Named  Elizabeth  Cremer... First  child  and  daughter 
to  David  Russell  Malin  '94  and  Elizabeth  A. 
Malin  on  Sept.  14,  2006.  Named  Adeline  Belle... 
Third  child  and  first  son  to  Taryn  Gordon  Mecia 
'94  ,,nd  Joseph  Anthony  "Tony"  Mecia  III  '94 
on  Sept.  28,  2005.  Named  Matthew  Gordon. . . 
Second  son  to  Vanessa  Phillips-Williams  '94 
and  Albert  Jerome  Williams  Jr.  on  Oct.  4,  2006. 
Named  Reis  Phillip... Second  daughter  to  Sandra 
Won  Sohn  '94  and  David  Sohn  on  Sept.  17,  2006. 
Named  Emily  Mee-Ran  Sohn. . .Second  son  to 
Anthony  Joseph  Alvarez  '96  and  Heather 
Reger  Alvarez  '96  on  June  27,  2006.  Named 
Andrew  Alexander. .  .First  child  and  daughter  to 
Kirsten  Travers-Uyham  A.M.  '96,  Ph.D.  '98  and 
John  Joseph  Uyham  '93  on  June  10,  2005. 
Named  Marit  Alexandra  Travers  Uyham... Second 
daughter  to  Ashley  Morris  Buha  '97  and  Jason 
Paul  Buha  '97  on  Dec.  8,  2005.  Named  Laura 
Burr... Third  child  and  daughter  to  Vanessa 
Mandel  Ripsteen  '97  and  Tim  Ripsteen  on  Sept. 
2,  2006.  Named  Caroline  Christine... Daughter  to 
Lawrence  H.  Dempsey  III  '98  and  Sherrill 
Kester  Dempsey  '00  on  Jan.  23,  2006.  Named 
Lucy  Lyles.Son  to  Michael  Henry  Richardson 
M.B.A.  '98  and  Beth  A.  Handwerger  on  Oct.  6,  2006. 
Named  Alexander  Ryan... First  child  and  daughter  to 
Anne  McMullan  Erickson  '99  and  Ian  Erickson 

on  Aug.  28,  2006.  Named  Katherine  Anne. .  Twins 

to  Leslie  Caryn  Pearlman  Jamka  MEM.  '99 
and  John  M.  Jamka  on  June  1 7,  2005.  Named 
Alexander  and  Emma. 


2000s 


Andrew  Godard  Bunn  M.E.M.  '00  i 

professor  at  Western  Washington  Unive 


;  Huxley 


College  of  the  Environment.  He  has  received  a  grant 
from  the  National  Science  Foundation  to  research 
the  effect  of  climate  change  on  the  growth  of  boreal 
forests  in  Siberia  and  Canada. 

Alexander  L.  Heyman  '00  has  earned  an  M.S.P.H. 
in  community  health  from  Walden  University.  In 
2006  he  attended  Air  Force  F-16  training  at  Luke 
Air  Force  base  in  Arizona.  He  and  his  family  will 
relocate  to  Shaw  AFB  in  South  Carolina,  where  he 
will  fly  F-16s  with  the  55th  Fighter  Squadron. 

Charles  Beau  Daane  02  has  been  awarded  a 
Cleveland  Executive  Fellowship  by  the  Cleveland 
Foundation  and  will  spend  a  year  studying  the  people 
and  institutions  guiding  Cleveland's  civic  agenda. 
He  has  founded  a  green  real-estate  investment 
company,  Green  Cardinal,  and  has  worked  as  a  sales 
and  marketing  consultant  for  Balanced  Living  maga- 
zine. He  is  a  trustee  of  the  Western  Reserve  Land 
Conservancy  and  is  a  big  brother  in  the  Big  Brothers- 
Big  Sisters  program. 

Sophie  Arella  Kim  04  has  earned  her  M.A.  from 

Westminster  Theological  Seminary  in  Philadelphia. 

Elizabeth  Diana  Kirby  06  won  a  competitive 
travel  award  from  the  Duke  faculty  for  undergraduate 
neuroscience.  The  award  helped  fund  her  travel  to  the 
2006  Society  for  Neuroscience  meeting  in  Atlanta, 
where  she  presented  "Chronic  Stress-induced 
Suppression  of  Neurogenesis  and  Impairments  in 
Spatial  Memory  are  Prevented  by  Parental  Choline 
Supplement  in  Rats."  The  paper  describes  her  work 
with  Christina  L.  Williams,  professor  and  chair  of 
psychology  and  neuroscience  at  Duke. 

MARRIAGES:  Alexander  L.  Heyman  '00  to 
Ashley  Gruebbel  in  April  of  2006.  Residence:  Shaw 
AFB,  S.C.... William  Thomas  Parrott  IV  00  to 
Laura  Anne  Montgomery  M.B.A.  '05  on  Sept. 


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JOHN  ROTH 

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DUKE  MAGAZINE 


16,  2006.  Residence:  Charlotte... Dana  Michele 
Rhule  00  to  Stuart  Drayton  Louie  00,  J.D.  03 
on  May  27,  2006.  Residence:  Seattle. .  .Amelia 
Schroder  Beasley  '01  to  William  Clinkscales  on 
Jan.  14,  2006.  Residence:  Columbia,  S.C.... David 
Patrick  Nigro  '01  to  Terri  Lynn  Jones  on  July  29, 
2006.  Residence:  Tempe,  Ariz....Kengyeh  Ken 
Chu  B.S.E.  '04  to  Rachel  Israella  Gurvich  on  Oct. 

22,  2006.  Residence:  Brighton,  Mass.... Harriett 
Ravenel  Purves  M.D.  '04  to  Walter  Woodrow 
Bums  III  on  Oct.  21,  2006.  Residence:  Chapel 
Hill... Laura  Anne  Montgomery  M.B.A.  '05 

to  William  Thomas  Parrott  IV  00  on  Sept.  16, 
2006.  Residence:  Charlotte... Amy  Elizabeth 
Kim  '06  to  Travis  Wilson  Crook  on  July  15,  2006. 
Residence:  Houston... Timothy  Vann  Pearce  Jr. 
J.D.  '06  to  Emily  Lindsey  Rogers  on  Aug.  12,  2006. 
Residence:  Arlington,  Va. 

BIRTHS:  Daughter  to  Sherrill  Kester  Dempsey 
00  and  Lawrence  H.  Dempsey  III  '98  on  Jan. 

23,  2006.  Named  Lucy  Lyles... First  child  and  daugh- 
ter to  Mina  Garcia  Soormally  A.M.  03,  PhD 
'07  and  Clark  Geddie  '91  on  July  8,  2006.  Named 
Amanda  Vivian. 


Deaths 


Flora  Belle  Dawson  StOtt  '30  of  Greensboro,  on 
Jan.  2,  2006.  She  is  survived  by  two  children,  includ- 
ing Mary  Belle  Stott  Gilbert  '54,  a  son-in-law, 
Charles  E.  Gilbert  '53;  four  grandchildren;  six 
great-grandchildren;  a  niece,  Mary  H.  Dawson 
'53;  and  a  nephew,  Robert  Grady  Dawson  Jr. 
B.S.C.E.  '58. 

John  Dickinson  Shaw  '32  of  Meriden,  Conn.,  on 
Jan.  9,  2006.  Survivors  include  four  children,  seven 
grandchildren,  and  eight  great-grandchildren. 

Fannie  Corbett  O'Keef  "33  of  Wilmington,  N.C., 

on  March  3,  2006. 

Mary  Bynum  Holmes  Borgognoni  '34  of 

Chapel  Hill,  on  Feb.  15,2006. 

Marguerite  Britton  '34  of  Dix  Hills,  N.Y.,  on 
Nov.  2,  2005. 

Thomas  Hadley  Josten  '34  of  New  York,  on  Jan. 

24,  2006.  Survivors  include  a  sister. 

Rosamond  Field  Seeman  '34  of  Clinton,  Wash., 
on  Nov.  20,  2005. 

Ethel  Harrison  Burns  '35  of  Charlotte,  on  Feb.  5, 
2006.  Survivors  include  four  children,  nine  grand- 
children, and  three  great-grandchildren. 

Christopher  L.  Gifford  '35  of  Tallahassee,  Fla., 
on  March  10,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Mary; 
a  daughter;  and  three  grandchildren. 

Sylvia  H.  Kleinhans  '35  of  Indianapolis,  on  Jan. 
8,  2006.  Survivors  include  three  children,  five  grand- 
children, and  two  great-grandchildren. 

William  C.  Martin  Jr.  '35  of  Salisbury,  N.C.,  on 
March  5,  2006.  Survivors  include  three  sons,  three 
grandchildren,  and  one  great-grandchild. 

John  Lynn  Moorhead  '35  of  Durham,  on  Feb.  12, 

2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Harriet 

Wannamaker  Moorhead  '34;  three  daughters; 

and  two  grandchildren. 

Hazel  Tipping  Thebaut  '35  of  Avondale,  Fla., 

on  Feb.  25,  2006.  Survivors  include  a  granddaughter 

and  two  great-granddaughters. 

Roberts  K.  Dodd  '36  of  Evansville,  Ind.,  on  Jan. 

28,  2006.  Survivors  include  two  sons,  two  daughters, 


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March-April  2007  73 


10  grandchildren,  and  three  great-grandchildren. 

Roy  Zach  Thomas  Jr.  '36,  HA.  Cert.  '37  of 
Charlotte,  on  Nov.  25,  2005.  He  is  survived  by  three 
sons,  including  Robert  G.  Thomas  '63  and  Roy 
Zach  Thomas  III  '63;  two  siblings;  six  grandchil- 
dren; and  a  great-grandchild. 

Emma  Ruth  Hedeman  A.M.  '37  of  Falls  Church, 
Va.,  on  Jan.  25,  2006.  Survivors  include  a  brother. 

Frances  Pauline  Hillard  A.M.  '37  of  Clinton, 
Ky.,  on  Dec.  20,  2005.  Survivors  include  two  sisters. 

William  M.  Shehan  Jr.  '37  of  Easton,  Md.,  on 
Feb.  20,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Jean. 

Ross  C.  Speir  Jr.  '37,  M.D.  '40  ofHuntsville, 

Ala.,  on  Aug.  2,  2005. 

Robert  P.  Stewart  '37  of  Holden  Beach,  N.C., 
on  Nov.  22,  2005.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Helen; 
four  children;  seven  grandchildren;  and  a  great- 
granddaughter. 

Clark  Walter  Jr.  '37  of  Asheville,  Tenn.,  on 
Jan.  26,  2006. 

Frank  D.  Dennis  '38  of  Newton,  N.J.,  on  Jan.  8, 

2006.  Survivors  include  two  sons,  two  daughters,  and 
two  grandchildren. 

Marguerite  Fox  Louden  '38  of  Lynchburg,  Va., 
on  Nov.  20,  2005.  Survivors  include  two  children 
and  three  grandchildren. 

Donald  V.  Schworer  '38  of  Sarasota,  Fla.,  on 
Feb.  27,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Mary; 
seven  children;  two  brothers;  and  1 1  grandchildren. 

Callie  Smith  '38  of  Lexington,  N.C.,  on  Dec.  29, 
2005.  Survivors  include  a  daughter,  two  grandchil- 
dren, and  three  great-grandchildren. 

Alma  Pauline  Foerster  Galsterer  Ph.D.  '39  of 


Saginaw,  Mich.,  on  Dec.  23,  2005.  Survivors  include 
tour  children,  10  grandchildren,  and  nine  great- 
grandchildren. 

William  N.  Hulme  '39  of  North  Branford,  Conn., 

on  Dec.  28.  2005. 

Kearns  R.  Thompson  Jr.  '39,  M.D.  '43  of 

Lexington,  Ky.,  on  July  11,  2004.  Survivors  include 

his  wife,  Sara  Elizabeth  Thompson  '42;  four 

children,  including  Katherine  T.  Murray  '76, 
M.D.  '80;  rwo  siblings;  nine  grandchildren;  and  two 
great-grandchildren. 

George  Erwin  Brown  MA.  '40  of  Fort  Lauder- 
dale, Fla.,  on  Dec.  18,  2005.  Survivors  include  a  son, 
two  grandchildren,  and  two  great-grandchildren. 

Colgan  Hobson  Bryan  Sr.  M.Ed.  '40  of 
Tuscaloosa,  Ala.,  on  Jan.  4,  2006.  Survivors  include  a 
son,  two  sisters,  and  two  grandchildren. 
Allison  St  i  I  well  Burhans  A.M.  '40  of  Florence, 
Ore.,  on  Jan.  8,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Sheila;  two  daughters;  a  son;  five  grandchildren;  and 
two  great-grandchildren. 

Carmen  Woodruff  Crouch  A.M.  HOofLithia 
Springs,  Ga.,  on  Jan.  10,  2006.  Survivors  include  a 
daughter,  a  son,  five  grandchildren,  and  six  great- 
grandchildren. 

F.  Walter  Erich  '40  of  HoUiston,  Mass.,  on  March  12, 
2006.  Survivors  include  two  sons,  12  grandchildren, 
and  four  great-grandchildren. 

James  Anthony  Gerow  '40  of  Burlington,  N.C., 
on  Jan.  16,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Betty;  a 
son;  a  daughtet;  four  grandchildren;  and  four  great- 
grandchildren. 

James  J.  Halsema  '40ofGlenmoore,  Pa.,  on 
Feb.  18,  2005.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Alice;  four 
children;  and  five  grandchildren. 


Ralph  J.  Jones  '40  of  Hondo,  Texas,  on  Dec.  31, 
2005.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Ann;  five  children; 
1 1  grandchildren;  and  10  great-grandchildren. 

William  R.  Jones  M.Ed.  HOofNorthMiddletown, 

Ky.,  on  March  10,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Dolly;  a  daughter;  rwo  srepsons;  six  grandchildren; 
and  14  great-grandchildren. 

K.  Byrne  Ware  Waggoner  '40  of  St.  Augustine, 
Fla.,  on  March  1,  2006.  Survivors  include  two  chil- 
dren,  John  P.  Waggoner  III  65  and  Kathryn 
Waggoner  Wallis  '71;  two  brothers,  including  H. 
Neill  Ware  '51;  and  four  grandchildren,  including 

Laura  Waggoner  Murphy  '95  and  Neill 
Jansen  Wallis  '00. 

Martha  Laird  Wall  '40  of  Jonesboro,  Ark.,  on 
Jan.  8,  2006.  Survivors  include  two  daughters,  three 

grandchildren,  and  two  great-grandchildren. 

Dorothy  Lambdin  Beckman  '41  of  Lakeland, 
Fla.,  on  Jan.  14,  2006.  Survivors  include  two  daugh- 
ters; a  sister,  Jean  Lambdin  Ritzenthaler  '41; 
six  grandchildren;  and  four  great-grandchildren. 

Norman  R.  Brown  A.M.  '41  of  Lakewood,  Ohio, 
on  Dec.  17,2004. 

Henry  Etta  Link  Hinkle  '41  of  Winston-Salem, 
on  Dec.  27,  2005.  Survivors  include  two  children, 
four  grandchildren,  and  a  great-gtandchild. 

John  Alexander  MacGahan  '41  of  Haines 
Falls,  N.Y.,  on  March  4,  2005.  He  is  survived  by 
three  daughters,  including  Susan  W.  MacGahan 

B.S.N.  '69. 

Samuel  Thaddeus  Strom  M.Ed.  '41  of  Union, 
S.C.,  on  Jan.  16,  2006.  Survivors  include  three  chil- 
dren, a  sister,  and  five  grandchildren. 

Sarah  Joiner  Wynn  A.M.  '41  of  Memphis,  Tenn., 


Recent  legislation  contains  a  temporary 
provision  that  allows  donors  age  70  Vi 
or  older  to  make  a  direct,  tax-free  rollover 
of  up  to  $100,000  from  a  traditional 
or  Roth  IRA  to  a  qualified  charitable 
organization  such  as  Duke— but  only  until 
the  end  of  2007.  A  direct  rollover  will 
be  much  better  for  most  donors  than  a 
taxable  withdrawal  followed  by  a  gift. 

To  learn  more  about  charitable  IRA 
rollovers  and  other  "tax-wise"  giving 
opportunities,  please  contact: 


Duke  University  Office  of  Gift  Planning 

2127  Campus  Drive,  Box  90600 

Durham,  North  Carolina  27708 

Phone       (919)681-0464 

Fax  (919)684-9731 

Email        giftplanning@dev.duke.edu 

Web         www.giftplanning.duke.edu 


IX'kE  MAGAZINE 


on  Feb.  1.  AWN 


include  four  nephews  and 


Paul  Sheppard  Eckhoff  '42,  LL.B.  '48  of 
Stuyvesant  Falls,  N.Y.,  on  Jan.  30,  2006.  Survivors 
include  his  wife,  Gai;  a  sister;  his  children  from  his 
first  marriage;  and  two  stepsons. 

William  R.  Griffith  B.S.C.E.  '42  of  Lake  Wales,  Fla., 
on  Jan.  29,  2006.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Beverly 
Dykes  Griffith  '44;  three  daughters,  including 
Carol  Griffith  Orr  '68  and  Dianne  Griffith 
Laws  7 1 ;  a  son;  a  sister;  and  1 1  grandchildren. 

Nancy  Jane  Lyles  '42  of  High  Point,  N.C.,  on 

Jan.  3,  2006.  She  is  survived  by  three  children;  nine 
grandchildren,  including  Sherrill  Kester  Dempsey 
'00;  and  six  great-grandchildren. 
Louis  A.  Mayo  '42  of  Winston-Salem,  on  Oct.  13, 
2005.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Mary  Jane  Collins 
Mayo  '43;  a  son,  Louis  Allen  Mayo  Jr.  '69;  and  a 
daughter,  Candace  Jo  Mayo  Farnham  71. 

Winston  Thomas  Siegfried  '42  of  Lake  Wales, 

Fla.,  on  Jan.  26,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 

Anne;  three  children;  six  grandchildren;  and  six 

great-grandchildren. 

William  B.  Smith  '42  of  Orlando,  Fla.,  on  March  1, 

2003. 

Mary  Moore  Swindell-Hacker  '42  of  Sarasota, 

Fla.,  on  Sept.  1,  2006.  Survivors  include  her  husband, 

John  P.  Hacker  Jr.  '40;  two  sons;  and  her  sister, 

Anne  Swindell  Thomas  '48. 

Robert  Akers  Vaughan  M.Div.  '42  of  San 
Antonio,  on  Jan.  7,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Mary;  a  son;  two  stepdaughters;  10  grandchildren; 
and  eight  great-grandchildren. 

Ellen  Rasor  Wylie  A.M.  '42  of  Laurens,  S.C.,  on 
Jan.  24,  2006.  Survivors  include  a  stepson. 

Elizabeth  Boykin  Callahan  R.N.  '43,  B.S.N.  '43 
of  Phoenix,  on  Jan.  28,  2006.  Survivors  include  five 
children,  a  sister,  nine  grandchildren,  and  four  great- 
grandchildren. 

Robert  Monroe  Campbell  M.D.  '43  of  Chesa- 
peake, Va.,  on  Dec.  25,  2005.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Donna;  two  daughters;  thtee  stepchildren;  two  broth- 
ers; seven  grandchildren;  and  two  great-grandchildren. 

Mary  Neilson  Atkinson  Dubose  B.S.M.T.  '43 
of  Athens,  Ga.,  on  Dec.  23,  2005.  Survivors  include 
four  children,  three  sisters,  and  seven  grandchildren. 

Frederick  C.  Frostick  Jr.  '43  of  Charleston, 
W.Va.,  on  Dec.  24,  2005.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Florence;  two  sons;  two  siblings;  and  a  granddaughter 

Marcus  T.  Hickman  '43,  LL.B.  '48  of  Hudson, 
N.C.,  on  Jan.  31,  2006.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife, 
Debra;  six  children,  including  Randolph  Trent 
Hickman  '95;  a  daughter-in-law,  Tabitha  Sam 
Hickman  '95;  three  grandchildren;  two  sisters, 

Elizabeth  Hickman  Boynton  '51  and  Mary 
Hickman  Vaughan  N  '37;  two  nieces,  Elizabeth 
Hickman  Hage  '63  and  Carolyn  Hickman 
Vaughan  71;  and  a  nephew,  William  Thomas 

Vaughan  Jr.  A.H.C.  73,  M.H.S.  '96. 
Osmond  Kelly  Ingram  B.D.  '43  of  Cary,  N.C.,  on 
Feb.  20,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Geraldine 
Dysart  Ingram  M.Div.  '82;  two  daughters;  four 
stepchildren;  and  1 2  grandchildren. 

Thomas  W.  Keller  '43  of  Spring  Lake,  Mich.,  on 
Feb.  12,  2006. 

John  Henry  Schriever  '43  of  Franklin  Lakes, 
N.J.,  on  March  19,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Doris;  two  daughters;  a  sister;  five  grandchildren; 
and  two  great-granddaughters. 


Edwin  Studley  Smith  Ph.D.  '43  of  Chatlotte,  on 

Dec.  26,  2001.  Survivors  include  five  children,  a  sis- 
ter, and  eight  grandchildren. 

Robert  Harper  Anderson  '44,  M.D.  '46  of 
Alexandria,  Va.,  on  Jan.  20,  2006.  Survivors  include 
his  wife,  Valda;  three  sons,  including  Stephen 
Woodard  Anderson  72;  five  grandchildren;  and 
two  cousins,  Priscilla  Clark  Tillett  71  and 
George  Philemon  Clark  III  74. 

Mary  Elizabeth  Coggin  Everett  '44  of  Raleigh, 
on  Jan.  21,  2006.  Sutvivors  include  three  daughters, 
four  grandchildren,  and  two  great-grandchildren. 

Karl  C.  Jonas  M.D.  '44  of  Groveland,  Fla.,  on  Dec. 
12,  2001.  He  is  survived  by  two  children,  Galen 
Jonas  Miller  70  and  Wayne  B.  Jonas  M.D  79. 

George  S.  Lapham  Jr.  '44  of  Alexandria,  Va.,  on 
Jan.  28,  2006. 

William  Crawford  McCain  '44  of  Widener,  Ariz., 
on  Jan.  7,  2006.  Survivors  include  three  children,  a 
brother,  five  grandsons,  and  a  great-granddaughter. 

Sarah  Bunting  Oates  '44  of  Auburn,  Ala.,  on 
March  11,  2006.  Survivors  include  five  children  and 
nine  grandchildren. 

Alice  Cross  Tibbitts  '44  of  Savannah,  Ga.,  on 
Feb.  7,  2006.  Survivors  include  her  husband,  Armand; 
a  daughter;  and  two  grandsons. 

William  R.  Whitney  '44  of  Bartow,  Fla.,  on 
March  6,  2006.  Survivor;,  include  his  wife,  Kay;  seven 
children;  a  sister;  15  grandchildren;  and  seven  great- 
grandchildren. 

William  Smith  Wright  '44  of  Lexington,  N.C., 
on  Jan.  17,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Jesse 
Gordon  Wright  '45;  two  children;  four  grandchil- 
dren; and  five  great-grandchildren. 


Adelaide  S.  Crumpler  R.N.  '45,  B.S.N.  '45  of 

Mount  Olive,  N.C.,  on  March  7,  2006.  Survivors 
include  eight  children;  a  daughter-in-law,  Linda 
Spencer  Fowler  B.S.N.  79;  16  grandchildren; 
and  three  great-grandchildren. 

Charles  A.  Schirmer  '45  of  Middleville,  Mich., 
on  Nov.  2,2003. 

James  R.  Cudworth  Jr.  '46,  B.S.E.E.  '47  of  Fort 
Myers,  Fla.,  on  Jan.  13,  2006.  Survivors  include  his 
wife,  Barbara;  two  children;  and  a  brother. 

William  R.  Gurganus  '46  of  Hilton  Head  Island, 
S.C.,  on  Feb.  23,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Frances;  three  children;  and  three  gtandchildren. 

Robert  H.  Harleston  Jr.  '46  of  Charleston,  S.C., 
on  Feb.  12,  2006.  Survivors  include  a  son. 

Marshall  Melvin  Manor  '46  of  Boynton  Beach, 
Fla.,  on  Feb.  20,  2003. 

Lonnie  A.  Waggoner  Jr.  '46,  M.D.  '48  of 
Gastonia,  N.C.,  on  Jan.  26,  2006.  Survivors  include 
his  wife,  Rachel  Palmer  Waggoner  R.N.  '47; 

two  children;  and  five  grandchildren. 

Mary  Laura  Cline  Davison  R.N.  '47  of  Hills- 
borough, N.C.,  on  Jan.  31,  2006.  Survivors  include 
her  husband,  Alexander  Thayer  Davison  '49, 
M.F.  '50;  a  son,  Thomas  C.B.  Davison  70;  a 

daughter;  a  sister;  three  grandsons;  and  three  great- 
grandchildren. 

Eugene  Inman  Deas  '47  of  Dunwoody,  Ga.,  on 

Feb.  7,  2006.  Survivors  include  three  children,  four 
grandchildren,  and  two  step  great-grandchildren. 

Clarence  W.  Duggins  M.Ed.  '47  of  Charlotte,  on 

Feb.  18,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Jewel;  three 
sons;  and  two  grandchildren. 

Hubert  E.  Mclntire  Jr.  '47  of  Ho-Ho-Kus,  N.J., 


Con  •  tent  •ment 

n.  a  state  of  pleasure,  delight,  satisfaction,  gratification 
^r  See  also:  The  Forest  at  Duke. 

Go  ahead,  relax  your  cares  away.. .swing  to  your 
own  schedule!  Then  pause  to  reflect  on  your  life 
at  The  Forest  at  Duke:  good  friends,  renowned 
programs,  Duke  directed  on-site  health  care, 
stimulating  university  atmosphere.  No  wonder  the 
first  word  that  comes  to  mind  is  "contentment". 
And  your  retirement  deserves  it. 

ma— m«mm«iM 


March-April  2007 


on  July  12,  2005.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Grace; 
two  children;  a  brother;  and  six  grandchildren. 
Weldon  T.  Madren  B.D.  '47  of  Concord,  N.C., 
on  Sept.  4,  2005.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Mildred; 
five  children;  1 1  grandchildren;  and  three  great- 
grandchildren. 

Jack  Pitts  Mize  '47  of  Dallas,  on  Jan.  15,  2006. 
Survivors  include  his  wife,  Ann;  three  children;  and 
six  grandchildren. 

Joseph  W.  Neudecker  Jr.  B.S.C.E.  '47  of 
Albuquerque,  N.M.,  on  Feb.  17,  2006.  Survivors 
include  his  wife,  Lupe;  five  children;  a  sister;  six 
grandchildren;  and  two  gteat-gtandchildten. 

Nathaniel  S.  Newman  Sr.  '47  of  Richmond, 
Va.,  on  March  7,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Doris;  three  sons;  five  grandchildren;  and  one  great- 
grandchild. 

Ray  L.  Brock  Jr.  LL.B.  '48  of  Chattanooga,  Tenn., 
on  Sept.  26,  2002. 

George  L.  Burke  Jr.  LL.B.  '48,  LL.M.  '50  of 
Salisbury,  N.C.,  on  Dec.  22,  2005.  Survivors  include 
his  wife,  Beatrice,  and  a  daughter. 
William  C.  Council  '48,  B.S.M.T.  '52  ofSebring, 
Fla.,  on  Feb.  23,  2006.  Survivors  include  three  chil- 
dren. 

George  I.  McGinnis  '48  of  Charlotte,  on  Feb.  19, 
2006. 

Robert  Hamilton  Thayer  M.D.  '48  of  El  Paso, 

Texas,  on  Dec.  12,  2005.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Mary;  a  daughter;  and  a  stepson. 
Maud  Smith  Vogelsang  R.N.  '48  of  New  Bern, 
N.C.,  on  Dec.  17,  2005.  Survivors  include  her  hus- 
band, William;  two  childten;  thtee  stepchildten;  two 
sisters;  and  two  grandsons. 


Charles  Ward  White  LL.B.  '48  of  Durham,  on 
Jan.  15,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Mary;  two 
sons;  and  two  grandsons. 

William  Sidney  Windes  LL.B.  '48  of  Aliso 
Viejo,  Calif,  on  Feb.  3,  2006. 

W.  Horace  Covington  Jr.  '49  of  Morganton, 
N.C.,  on  March  7,  2006.  Survivors  include  two  sons. 

William  C.  Farrer  J.D.  '49  of  Los  Angeles,  on 
March  8,  2006.  Survivors  include  four  sons  and  1 1 

iirindchildren. 

Mary  McLeod  Grover  '49  of  Punxsutawney,  Pa., 
on  March  11,  2006.  Survivors  include  two  daughters; 
a  brother,  Henry  McLeod  Jr.  '49;  a  sister,  Alice 
McLeod  Hunt  '49;  and  a  granddaughter. 

Joseph  Hakan  B.S.C.E.  '49  of  Chapel  Hill,  on 

March  14,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Joy,  and 
four  children. 

Harold  Douglas  Holbrook  B.S.E.E.  '49ofMoores- 
ville,  N.C.,  on  Jan.  7,  2006.  Survivors  include  his 
wife,  Joan;  three  sons;  a  sister;  and  seven  grandchildren. 

Richard  C.  Mallonee  II  B.S.M.E.  '49ofBellevue, 
W.Va.,  on  Feb.  7,  2006.  Survivors  include  a  daughter, 
three  sons,  and  six  grandchildren. 

Jack  L.  Ray  '49  of  Altoona,  Ala.,  on  March  1, 
2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Jeannie;  three  sons; 
six  grandchildren;  and  four  great-grandchildren. 

Donald  E.  Rollins  '49,  M.Div.  '55  of  Lexington, 
Ky.,  on  Feb.  18,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Sue; 
three  children;  and  three  sisters. 

Howard  McRoy  DuBose  M.D.  '50  of  Lakeland, 
Fla.,  March  7,  2006.  Survivors  include  three  chil- 
dren, a  half-brother,  and  a  grandson. 

Mary  O'Rourke  Lewis  '50  of  Durham,  on  Feb.  6, 


2006.  Survivors  include  a  daughter,  a  son,  and  two 
grandchildren. 

John  Fowler  Parry  '50  of  Chattanooga,  Tenn.,  on 
April  1,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Rebecca; 
four  children;  and  four  grandchildren. 

James  B.  Wolfe  Jr.  LL.B.  '50  of  Greensboro,  on 

Feb.  12,  2006.  Survivors  include  a  daughter;  his 
brother,  J.  Garland  Wolfe  '46;  and  three  grand- 
children. 

Anna  Plyler  Bourne  R.N.  '51  of  Grandview, 
Tenn.,  on  Nov.  2,  2005.  Survivors  include  her  hus- 
band, John  Philip  Bourne  '56;  two  daughters;  a 

sister;  and  two  grandchildren. 

Wade  Valentine  Clifton  Jr.  '51  of  Durham,  on 
Jan.  9,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Joyce;  four 
sons;  a  stepdaughter;  and  thtee  grandchildren. 

Edward  Arthur  Eckert  Ph.D.  '51  of  Ann  Arbor, 
Mich.,  on  June  25,  2005. 

William  B.  Edwards  Sr.  '51,  A.M.  '57  of 
Hatfield,  Pa.,  on  Dec.  20,  2005.  Survivors  include  his 
former  wife,  Katherine  Mary  Hogan  B.S.N.Ed. 
'55;  three  children;  and  one  grandchild. 

John  Stuart  Erickson  '5 1  of  Cape  Carteret,  N.C., 
on  April  22,  2003.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Kathleen;  two  sons;  a  brother;  and  three  grandchildren. 

Howard  H.  Poston  Jr.  '51  of  Kingsttee,  S.C.,  on 
Dec.  28,  2005.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Elisabeth; 
tour  children;  three  sisters;  and  seven  grandchildren. 

Barry  E.  Siskind  '51  ofNewYork,  on  June  14,  2005. 
Nancy  Demarest  Wastler  '51  of  Annapolis,  Md., 
on  Feb.  12,  2006.  Survivors  include  a  son,  a  sister, 
and  two  grandchildren. 

Clayton  J.  Wray  M.F.  '51  of  Lummi  Island,  Wash., 


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Ill 


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DUKE  MAGAZINE 


on  Feb.  12,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Mary; 
five  children;  two  sisters;  12  grandchildren;  and  three 
great-grandchildren. 

John  T.  Heslin  '52  ofRockleigh,  N.J.,  on  Nov.  19, 

2001. 

Dorothy  Fisher  McLain  '52  of  Cincinnati,  on 

Aug.  30,  2002.  Survivors  include  five  children,  two 
brothers,  and  three  grandchildren. 

John  Ray  Pryor  Jr.  M.D.  '52  of  Englewood, 
Colo.,  on  Jan.  15,2006. 

Marjorie  Wahl  Stipe  '52  of  Orlando,  Fla.,  on 
Dec.  25,  2005.  Survivors  include  her  husband, 
Richard;  two  sons;  a  brother;  and  nine  grandchildren. 

David  V.  Cohn  Ph.D.  '53  of  Louisville,  Ky.,  on  Feb. 
23,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Evelyn;  two 
children;  a  brother;  and  two  grandchildren. 

Ramon  Marcelino  Lemos  A.M.  '53,  Ph.D.  '55  of 
Miami,  on  Jan.  31,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Anne;  four  children;  and  1 1  grandchildren. 
Dennis  Gilbert  Marks  '53  of  Los  Angeles,  on  Jan. 
10,  2006.  Survivors  include  a  daughter. 

Richard  C.  Reilly  '53  of  West  Bloomfield,  Mich., 

on  Nov.  2,  2005.  Survivors  include  six  children,  four 
siblings,  and  eight  grandchildren. 

Richard  L.  Baylog  LL.B.  '54  of  Shaker  Heights, 
Ohio,  on  March  8,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wite, 
Janis;  four  sons;  two  stepsons;  a  brother;  17  grand- 
children; and  three  great-grandchildren. 

John  Bowyer  Bell  A.M.  '54,  Ph.D.  '58  of  New 
York,  on  Aug.  23,  2003. 

Charles  E.  Dickinson  Jr.  B.S.C.E.  '54  of 
Roanoke,  Va.,  on  Jan.  10,  2006.  Survivors  include  his 
wife,  Betty;  a  son;  a  brother;  and  two  grandchildren. 

John  Beckett  Ferguson  '54  of  San  Antonio,  on 
Jan.  16,  2006.  Survivors  include  four  children  and 
three  grandchildren. 

Jack  A.  Skarupa  H.A.  Cert.  '54  of  Greenville, 
S.C.,  on  March  2,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Sue;  three  children;  three  stepchildren;  five  siblings; 
five  grandchildren;  and  three  step-grandchildren. 

Judith  Clarke  Bradt  '55  of  Atlanta,  on  Feb.  14, 2005. 

John  M.  Hunger  '55  of  Englewood,  Fla.,  on  April 
3,  2005.  Survivors  include  three  children,  two  sib- 
lings, and  seven  grandchildren. 

Laura  A.  Murphy  B.S.N.Ed.  '55  of  Richmond, 
Va.,  on  Dec.  4,  2005. 

M.  David  Galinsky  '56  of  Chapel  Hill,  on  Jan.  25, 
2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Maeda;  thtee  chil- 
dren; a  sister;  and  three  grandchildren. 

John  Leo  Hartman  Jr.  A.M.  '56  of  Overland 

Park,  Kan.,  on  Feb.  18,  2006.  Survivors  include  his 

wife,  Ethelyn;  three  children;  two  sisters;  and  three 

grandchildren. 

Sarah  Hodgin  McDonald  M.Ed.  '56  of  Red 

Springs,  N.C.,  on  Jan.  21,  2006.  Survivors  include  a 

son  and  two  sisters. 

Maureen  O'Brien  Mason  '56  of  Davis,  Calif.,  on 

Jan.  20,  2006.  Survivors  include  her  husband,  Dean 

Towle  Mason  '54,  M.D.  '58;  two  daughters;  and 

four  grandchildren. 

Rayburn  Sabatzky  Moore  Ph.D.  '56  of  Athens, 

Ga.,  on  Feb.  18,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 

Margaret;  two  children;  and  grandchildren. 

Alexander  Von  S.C.  Shaw  III  B.S.C.E.  '56  of 

Pagosa  Springs,  Colo.,  on  Jan.  14,  2006.  Survivors 

include  his  wife,  Betty  Green  Shaw  '45;  a  son; 

and  a  granddaughter. 


Shirley  Roberts  Gann  M.Ed.  '57  of  Warren, 
Texas,  on  March  5,  2002. 

John  Robert  McTammany  '57,  M.D.  '61  of 

Port  Orange,  Fla.,  on  March  22,  2006.  Survivors  in- 
clude his  wife,  Helen  Demarest  McTammany 

B.S.N.  '60;  five  children;  two  siblings;  and  eight 
grandchildren. 

Ronald  Henry  Seifred  '57,  D.Ed.  '71  of  Southport, 

N.C.,  on  May  22,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Secanda;  five  children;  a  brother;  five  grandchildren; 
and  seven  great-grandchildren. 

Ellen  Bradley  Cole  '58ofLaconia,  N.H.,onJan. 
17,  2006.  Survivors  include  three  children,  a  sister, 
and  five  grandchildren. 

Jerry  M.  Perry  '58  of  Bailey,  N.C.,  on  March  2, 
2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Angie;  four  chil- 
dren; six  siblings;  and  four  grandchildren. 
Howard  M.  Phipps  M.F.  '58  of  Rhinelander,  Wis., 
on  Oct.  4,  2004.  Survivors  include  his  son. 

Richard  Edward  York  '58  of  West  Palm  Beach, 
Fla.,  on  March  10,  2005.  Survivors  include  a  daugh- 
ter, Audrey  York  Weil  '82;  a  son;  three  grandchil- 
dren; and  his  companion,  Marilyn  Almond. 

Thomas  D.  Clapper  PT.  Cert.  '59  of  West 
Lafayette,  Ind.,  on  Feb.  22,  2006.  Survivors  include 
his  wife,  Linda;  two  children;  and  two  siblings. 

Nicholas  A.  Herman  '59  of  Asheville,  N.C.,  on 
Jan.  31,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Betty;  a 
son;  his  mother;  and  two  grandchildren. 

Patricia  Harrill  Olejar  '59  of  Raleigh,  on  March 

3,  2006.  Survivors  include  her  husband,  Peter  P.  D. 
Olejar  '59;  two  daughters,  including  Katherine  A. 
ReitZ  '92;  and  three  grandchildren. 

W.  Denver  Stone  '59,  Th.M.  '71  of  Greensboro, 


on  May  8,  2004.  Survivors  include  three  children,  a 
sister,  and  seven  grandchildren. 

Bennett  O.  Poor  '60  of  Waban,  Mass.,  on  Dec. 
15,  2005.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Olga;  two  chil- 
dren; two  brothers;  and  a  granddaughter. 

Jules  Lloyd  DeVigne  '61  of  Marietta,  Ga.,  on 
Nov.  23,  2005.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Karen; 
three  children;  two  siblings;  and  a  grandson. 

Hugo  Alberto  Duarte  A.M.  '61  of  Gastonia, 

N.C.,  on  Feb.  14,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Gwendolyn;  two  children;  and  six  grandchildren. 
Marian  Lee  Heard  M.Ed.  '61  of  Danville,  Va.,  on 
Dec.  5,  2005.  Survivors  include  three  brothers. 

Selden  L.  Stewart  '61  of  Gaithersburg,  Md.,  on 

April  29,  2001.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Kathryn; 
two  stepchildren;  his  parents;  two  siblings;  and  four 
grandchildren. 

Elred  Forbis  Jr.  B.S.M.E.  '62  of  Durham,  on  Dec. 
3,  2005.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Nancy;  three 
sons,  including  John  Franklin  Forbis  '90;  a  sister; 
and  four  grandchildren. 

Stanley  Walter  Preston  Jr.  '62  of  Cleveland,  on 
Jan.  28,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Karen;  a  sis- 
ter; three  children;  and  two  grandchildren. 

Kay  Ulmer  Prince  '62  of  Raleigh,  on  Jan.  9,  2006. 
Survivors  include  her  husband,  John;  two  children; 
three  siblings;  and  four  grandchildren. 

William  E.  Worley  B.D.  '62  of  Wilson,  N.C.,  on 
March  8,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Nancy; 
three  children;  a  brother;  and  five  grandchildren. 

Kathryn  A.  Freeman  M.A.T.  '63  of  Durham,  on 
Feb.  5,  2006.  She  is  survived  by  her  daughter, 
Patricia  Freeman  Hawkins  M.Div.  '02;  a  son; 
and  two  granddaughters. 


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Henry  C.  Lauerman  LL.M.  '63  of  Winston-Salem, 
on  Dec.  25,  2005.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Josephine; 
a  son;  a  daughter-in-law,  Kimberly  Hedgecock 
Lauerman  72;  three  stepchildren;  three  grandchil- 
dren, including  Margaret  Hedgecock  Lauerman 
'02  and  Paul  Conrad  Lauerman  '08;  and  four 

step-grandchildren. 

Clark  G.  Reynolds  A.M.  '63,  Ph.D.  '64  of 
Penrose,  N.C.,  on  Dec.  10,  2005.  Survivors  include 
his  wife,  Constance  Caine  Reynolds  '63,  and 
three  children. 

Richard  Alan  Clark  B.D.  '64,  Th.M.  '66  of 
Atlanta,  on  Feb.  20,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Patricia,  and  a  brother. 

Lewis  Turner  Farmer  Jr.  MAT.  '64  of  Atlanta, 
on  Jan.  17,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Elizabeth; 
three  children;  and  nine  grandchildren. 

Charles  A.  Powell  III  LL.B.  '64  of  Birmingham, 
Ala.,  on  March  15,  2006.  Survivors  include  his 
mother,  two  sons,  two  stepchildren,  a  brother,  and  10 
grandchildren. 

Carolyn  Odom  Little  '65  of  Panama,  on  Jan.  13, 
2006.  Survivors  include  her  husband,  Terry;  three 

children;  and  a  cousin,  Pamela  Reynolds  Ryan  '69. 

John  Mullen  Jr.  MA.T.  '65  of  Nashville,  Tenn., 
on  March  13,  2006.  Survivors  include  four  children 
and  seven  grandchildren. 

Allen  W.  Imershein  '66  of  Sopchoppy,  Fla.,  on 

Dec.  4,  2005.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Donna;  a  son, 
Christopher  Allen  Imershein  '90;  and  a  sister. 

John  Leland  Luternauer  A.M.  '66  of  North 
Vancouver,  British  Columbia,  on  Nov.  23,  2005.  He 
is  survived  by  his  wife,  Marg. 

Paul  Michael  Schlosser  '66  of  Atlanta,  on  Aug. 
1,2005. 

Joseph  John  Cudlin  B.S.M.E.  '67,  M.S.  '69, 
Ph.D.  '73  of  Lynchburg,  Va.,  on  Jan.  15,  2006. 
Survivors  include  his  wife,  Kathleen  Hopkins 
Cudlin  '69;  two  children;  a  brother;  and  a  grandson. 

Nathan  W.  Ferguson  MR  A.  '67  of  Richmond,  Va., 
on  April  7,  2005.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Bonnie; 
a  daughter;  two  siblings;  and  two  grandchildren. 

Leroy  Paschal  Smith  MA.T.  '67  of  Snohomish, 
Wash.,  on  Jan.  8,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Barbara,  and  two  stepdaughters. 

Ralph  B.  Robertson  A.M.  '68  of  Richmond,  Va., 
on  March  7,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Patricia,  and  three  children. 

Frances  Deats  '70  of  Sunderland,  Mass.,  on  Feb. 
14,  2006.  Survivors  include  her  husband,  Paul;  a  son; 
five  stepchildren;  two  sisters;  and  a  brothet. 

Frederick  Ross  Cobb  H.S.  '71  of  Durham,  on 

Jan.  30,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Nancye; 
thtee  children;  three  siblings;  and  a  grandchild. 

James  Ronald  Fitzner  71  of  St.  Croix,  V.I.,  on 

Oct.  28,  2000.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Regine; 
two  children;  his  parents;  and  three  siblings. 

Carol  Marquett  Glover  72  of  Greensboro,  on 
Jan.  30,  2006.  Survivors  include  her  husband,  Durant 
Murrell  Glover  73;  a  daughter;  and  her  mother. 

William  A.  Martin  Ed.D.  72  of  Durham,  on  Feb. 
8,  2006.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Ann;  thtee  chil- 
dren; a  sister;  a  brother;  and  six  grandchildren, 
including  Elizabeth  Ann  Martin  '08. 

Susan  Hill  Lindley  Ph.D.  74  of  Northfield,  Minn., 
on  Dec.  27,  2005.  Survivors  include  her  husband, 
John  M.  Lindley  74;  four  children;  a  brother;  and 

four  grandchildren. 


Melanie  Hammond  Mabey  74  of  San  Francisco, 

on  July  25,  2003. 

Gregor  F.  Kohlbach  MA.T.  77  of  Durham,  on 
July  21,  2005.  Survivors  include  three  nieces  and  two 

grandnephews. 

Thomas  Carl  Noll  M.Div.  78  of  San  Antonio,  on 
Feb.  16,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Charlotte; 
two  children;  a  sister;  and  two  grandchildren. 

Peter  Henry  Controy  '80  of  Charlotte,  on  Feb.  5, 
2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Donna;  three  sons; 
his  mother;  and  three  sisters. 

John  Robert  Murren  '80  of  Las  Vegas,  on  Dec. 
28,  2005.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Nancy;  a  son; 
his  mother;  and  three  siblings. 

Jess  J.  Bowe  Ph.D.  '81  of  Edgewater,  Fla.,  on 
March  4,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Jean;  a 
son;  and  two  sisters. 

Robert  Francis  Lapham  Ph.D.  '81  of  Langhome, 
Pa.,  on  Aug.  19,  2005.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Harriett,  and  two  siblings. 

Susan  Westeen  NovattJ  D.  '83  of  Naples,  Calif, 
on  Feb.  2,  2006.  Survivors  include  her  husband, 
Jeff  Mitchell  Novatt  '80;  a  son;  her  mother;  and 
two  siblings. 

Richard  Lee  Potter  M.B.A.  '83  of  Fredericksburg, 
Va.,  on  Feb.  22,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Glenda;  three  children;  his  parents;  and  a  sister. 

Robert  Alexander  Anzeck  B.H.S.  '86  of 
Annapolis,  Md.,  on  April  25,  2004. 

Steven  Curtis  Ellingson  J.D.  '86  of  Atlanta, 
on  Feb.  9,  2006.  Survivors  include  two  children,  his 
father,  and  three  sisters. 

Gregory  Paul  Feller  '91  of  Atlanta,  on  Feb.  5, 
2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Lori;  his  parents;  a 
brother;  two  sisters;  and  two  grandparents. 

Nancy  Mann  Sanson  B  '91  of  Washington,  on 
Jan.  15,  2006.  Survivors  include  two  children. 

Gregory  Scott  Acton  '93  of  Neosho,  Mo.,  on 
Feb.  6,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  parents,  a  sister, 
and  a  grandmother. 

Peter  Torgil  Haughton  '93  of  Atlanta,  on  Jan.  4, 
2006.  Survivors  include  his  mother 

William  Donald  Heiss  M.F.  95  of  Paulding, 
Ohio,  on  Jan.  14,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Sally;  two  daughters;  a  sister;  and  four  grandchildren. 

Hamilton  Fitzgerald  Nichols  MBA.  '96  of 
Fogelsville,  Pa.,  on  May  14,  2005.  Survivors  include 
his  parents. 

Brandon  James  Garson  '98  of  Miami  Beach, 
Fla.,  on  Jan.  1,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  mother; 
two  sisters;  and  a  grandfather. 

James  J.  Regan  '02  of  Manhasset,  N.Y.,  and  Fort 
Benning,  Ga.,  on  February  9,  2007.  Survivors  include 
his  parents  and  three  sisters. 

Kevin  Jon  Larsen  '03  of  Bartlett,  111.,  on  Nov.  6, 
2005.  Survivors  include  his  parents  and  a  sister. 

Trustee  Emeritus  Younger 

Kenneth  G  Younger  Jr.  '49  of  Durham  died  December 
27,  2005.  He  served  on  the  board  of  trustees  from 
1985  to  1995.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Norma 
Lee  Coleman  Younger  R.N. '51;  four  children, 
including  Kenneth  Glenn  Younger  III  '84;  a 
brother;  a  sister-in-law,  Betty  Coleman  Johnson 
B.S.N.  '51;  and  eight  grandchildren. 

Born  in  Raleigh  but  raised  in  Tampa,  Fla.,  Younger 
served  in  the  Army  Air  Corps/1 5th  Air  Force  during 
World  War  II  and  was  awarded  the  Purple  Heart,  an 
Air  Medal  with  seven  Clusters,  four  Battle  Stars,  the 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Good  Conduct  medal,  and  the  Presidential  Unit 
Citation.  After  the  war,  he  entered  Duke  on  a  foot- 
hall  scholarship.  He  worked  in  the  transportation 
industry  for  Roadway  Express,  Sea-Land  Services, 
and  Hennis  Freight  Lines.  At  Carolina  Freight  Corp., 
he  held  the  positions  of  president  and  CEO  and  served 
as  chair  of  the  hoard  until  his  retirement  in  1994. 

Professor  Schmidt-Nielsen 

Knut  Schmidt-Nielsen,  ninety-one,  a  retired  professor 
of  physiology  and  an  internationally  recognized 
authority  on  animal  physiology,  died  January  25. 

Schmidt-Nielsen  studied  the  physiology  of  animals 
living  in  extreme  environments,  especially  camels  in 
the  desert  and  saltwater  frogs,  to  leam  how  they  coped 
with  hardships  that  would  kill  other  animals.  In  1998, 
he  published  a  memoir  titled  The  Camel's  Nose: 
Memoirs  of  a  Curious  Scientist. 

"I  have  always  been  curious,"  Schmidt-Nielsen  said 
in  a  1997  interview.  "More  than  anything  else,  1  have 
wondeted  how  animals  meet  the  challenges  of  their 
environment,  how  they  adapt  to  life  in  the  sea  and  on 
dry  land." 

"He  was  an  inspiration  to  me,"  says  Sonke  Johnsen, 
an  assistant  professor  i  if  biology,  who  still  uses  Schmidt- 
Nielsen's  physiology-  textbook  in  his  classes.  "I  admired 
the  adventurousness  ot  his  science:  living  with  Bedouins 
in  a  tent  in  the  Sahara." 

Schmidt-Nielsen  even  prevailed  upon  the  Duke 
biology  department  to  build  a  "camel  room"  in  the 
sub-basement  of  the  Biological  Sciences  Building  that 
featured  a  ten-foot-high  door  and  stainless  steel  walls, 
but  it  was  never  used  for  research  purposes. 

To  current  members  of  the  Duke  community', 
Schmidt-Nielsen  is  pethaps  most  familiar  as  the  man 
yvho  stands  contemplating  a  life-size  camel  in  the 
bronze  sculpture  Scientist  and  Nature  that  stands  next 
to  Science  Drive,  between  the  Biological  Sciences 
Building  and  the  Gross  Chemistry'  Building.  The 
work,  dedicated  in  July  1996,  was  commissioned  by 
Schmidt-Nielsen's  friend  and  colleague,  Stephen  A. 
Wainwright  '53,  James  B.  Duke  Professor  of  zoology- 
emeritus,  and  his  wife,  Ruth  Wainwright. 

Schmidt-Nielsen  was  born  in  Trondheim,  Norway, 
in  1915  and  became  a  U.S.  citizen  in  1952.  Educated 
in  Oslo  and  Copenhagen,  he  spent  two  postdoctoral 
years  at  Swarthmore  College,  a  year  at  Stanford 
University,  and  three  at  the  University-  of  Cincinnati 
College  of  Medicine  before  coming  to  Duke  in  1952. 
He  published  270  scientific  papets  and  five  hooks  that 
were  translated  into  sixteen  languages.  He  also  received 
numerous  awards,  including  the  International  Prize  for 
Biology,  the  Japanese  equivalent  to  the  Nobel  Prize  in 
the  biological  s 


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"At  times,  I  wonder  what  made  me  a  physiologist 
and  not  an  engineer  or  carpenter  or  physician,"  he 
said  in  1997.  "1  could  probably  have  done  reasonably 
well  in  any  of  those  fields — about  carpentry,  I  feel  cer- 
tain. I  yvas  always  curious  about  animals,  and  because 
my  father  permitted  me  to  choose  my  own  ways,  I 
have  enjoyed  the  excitement  ot  a  lite  -.pent  discover- 
ing how  animals  work." 
Professor  Emeritus  Anderson 
Lewis  E.  Anderson  A.M.  '33,  94,  of  Durham,  died 
February  1.  He  was  one  of  the  world's  leading  re- 
searchers in  bryology,  the  study  of  mosses.  He  was  on 
the  faculty  ot  Duke's  botany  department  from  1936, 
the  year  he  completed  his  Ph.D.  at  the  University'  of 
Pennsylvania,  until  1982.  He  continued  his  tesearch 
and  writing  until  the  spring  of  2006. 

Anderson  earned  a  B.S.  from  Mississippi  State 
Univetsity  at  the  age  of  eighteen.  He  then  hitch- 
hiked to  California  and  took  a  job  with  Edward  "Doc" 
Ricketts,  the  character  immortalized  in  Cannery1  Row 


by  John  Steinbeck.  After  completing  his  graduate 
training,  he  began  his  career  as  a  cytologist,  studying 
the  sttuctute  and  function  of  cells.  He  latet  shifted 
his  focus  to  bryoloc'v.  Hi*  comprehensive  taxonomi- 
cal  study  of  mosses  east  of  the  Rocky  Mountains, 
Mosses  of  Eastern  North  America,  co-authoted  with 
Howard  Crum  of  the  University  of  Michigan,  yvon  the 
New  York  Botanical  Garden's  Henry  Allan  Gleason 
Prize  in  1981. 

In  1998,  Duke's  bryophyte  hetbarium  was  named 
the  L.E.  Anderson  Bryophyte  Hetbarium  in  his  honor. 
In  2005  he  was  awarded  the  Hedwig  Medal  of  Honor 
by  the  International  Association  of  Bryologists  fot  out- 
standing contributions  to  the  development  of  bryology. 

Survivors  include  his  wife,  Ruth  Geckler 
Anderson  N  '42;  four  children,  including  Nancy 
Ruth  Goodridge  '68,  Carol  May  Bellora  '69, 
and  David  E.  Anderson  72;  a  son-in-law,  David 
R.  Goodridge  '67;  11  grandchildren;  and  13  great- 
grandchildren. 


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Chapel  Wedding  Coordinator  Box  90974,  Durham, 
N.C.  27708-0974  or  mollie.keel@duke.edu. 
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March-April  2007 


Under  the  Gargoyle 


Getting  Out  of  the  Ivory  Tower 


By  PETER  ACRE 


Y 


Pri:e. 


ou  probably  don't  know  who  I  am. 
And  really,  there's  little  reason  you 
should,  despite  the  pin  on  my  lapel 
that  indicates  I've  received  a  Nobel 


Perhaps  the  last  Scientist  Everyone  Knew 
was  Jonas  Salk  in  the  1950s,  when  dinner- 
time discussions  centered  on  the  polio  vac- 
cine. A  few  years  later,  the  name  Sabin  was 
a  household  word,  and  people  debated  the 
relative  value  of  Salk's  injected  vaccine  and 
Sabin's  oral  vaccine. 

The  public's  interest  was  understandable. 
In  1952,  almost  58,000  children  were  diag- 
nosed with  polio  in  the  U.S.  The  paralyzing 
viral  infection  was  perhaps  parents'  greatest 
tear;  keeping  children  healthy  their  greatest 
hope.  Salk's  vaccine  was  the  talk  of  the  town 
because  polio  was  the  talk  of  the  town. 

Or  maybe  the  last  Scientists  Everyone 
Knew  were  astronauts  Neil  Armstrong  and 
Buz:  Aldrin,  made  famous  by  the  space  race 
of  the  1960s  and  early  1970s.  Our  very  visi- 
ble competition  with  the  Soviet  Union 
inspired  many  kids  to  study  science. 

But  times  have  changed.  Today's  diseases 
seem  subtle  by  comparison,  and  our  scien- 
tific achievements  are  less  photogenic  than 
a  boot  print  on  the  moon. 

Heart  disease,  diabetes,  and 
cancers  affect  many  more  people 
in  the  United  States  than  polio 
did  in  the  1930s,  '40s,  and  '50s, 
but  there  are  few  comparable 
images  to  the  heart-wrenching 
photographs  of  once-healthy 
children  paralyzed  by  a  viral  in- 
fection— documentation  of  the 
ravages  of  infectious  disease  in  the  develop- 
ing world  notwithstanding. 

At  the  same  time,  today's  scientific  suc- 
cess stories,  such  as  our  understanding  of 
risk  factors  for  heart  disease  and  diabetes  or 
our  new  treatments  for  cancers  or  for  HIV 


space  program  no  longer  lends 
itself  to  broad  recognition  of  a 
single  astronaut — barring  scan- 
dal suitable  for  the  evening 
news. 

But  one  thing  hasn't 
changed.  Science  still  can  find 
cures  for  incurable  diseases, 
awe  us  by  revealing  nearby 
planets  and  distant  galaxies, 
and  trigger  gee-whiz  moments 
by  calculating  the  "color"  of  the  universe  or 
uncovering  a  gene  that  might  have  caused 
Alfalfa's  stubborn  cowlick.  In  fact,  science 
today  might  be  more  broadly  important 
than  ever  before.  Many  public-policy  issues 
of  greatest  concern  to  Americans  are  relat- 
ed to  science — think  global  warming,  stem- 
cell  research,  alternative  energy,  and  coastal 
development. 

It  is  our  responsibility  as  scientists  and 
researchers  to  inform  these  debates,  not  just 
by  publishing  our  results  in  professional  jour- 
nals, but  by  making  the  information  acces- 
sible, and  ourselves  available,  to  the  public. 
Take,  for  example,  America's  stem-cell  de- 
bate. At  one  extreme  are  people  who  be- 
lieve frozen  human  embryos  are  human  life 
and,  thus,  research  stemming  from  their  de- 
struction shouldn't  be  allowed.  At  the  other 
extreme  are  those  who  believe  that  with 
ample  funding,  cures  would  be  imminent. 
How  did  we  get  here? 

The  designation  of  human 
"life"  in  this  debate  is  largely 
a  religious  issue,  and  there- 
fore a  scientific  consensus 
about  what  constitutes  "life" 
is  not  really  germane.  At  all 
other  points  on  the  spectrum 
between  the  debate's  two 
extremes,  however,  science 
is  applicable.  Much  of  what  scientists  want 
to  leam  by  studying  stem  cells  is  very  basic: 
How  do  these  cells  do  what  they  do?  What 
signals  control  them? 

But  scientists  and  others  are  also  keenly 
aware  of  the  potential  of  stem-cell  research 
to  influence  conditions  such  as  Parkinson's 


It  is  the  duty  of  all 
scientists  to  engage 
the  public,  to  explain 
their  work  and  how 
they  do  their  work. 


infection,  stem  not  from  a  single  individ 
ual's  achievement,  but  from  the  cumulative  disease  or  spinal-cord  injury,  either  by  de- 
advances  of  many.  Who  would — or  could —  veloptng  "replacements"  for  damaged  cells 
carry  the  mantle  for  such  work?  Even  our  or  by  harnessing  the  body's  own  regenera- 


tive abilities.  Scientists  ac- 
tive in  the  stem-cell  debate 
have  not  claimed  that  such 
therapeutic  applications  are 
imminent,  and  yet  many  peo- 
ple expect  quick  results. 

I  suggest  that  the  dichoto- 
my reflects  a  lack  of  under- 
|  standing  of  how  science  is 
|  done — and  how  fast  research 
can  progress  to  the  clinic — 
on  the  part  of  the  public,  the  government, 
and  the  media.  And  so  it  is  the  duty  of  all 
scientists  to  engage  the  public,  to  explain 
their  work  and  how  they  do  their  work. 
Getting  science  before  the  public,  whatever 
the  topic,  should  make  for  a  more  well- 
informed  population  whose  expectations 
are  more  consistent  with  what  scientists  can 
deliver. 

As  federally  funded  researchers,  we  have 
a  responsibility  to  communicate  our  work's 
relevance.  Given  the  politicization  of  sci- 
ence in  recent  years  (notably  in  such  areas 
as  global  climate  change),  we  must  be  will- 
ing to  go  a  step  further  when  needed,  to  get 
out  of  our  laboratories  and  speak  responsi- 
bly about  what  is  good  science  and  what  is 
not  good  science.  Most  opportunities  will 
be  local:  volunteering  at  schools,  speaking 
to  community  groups. 

I  have  spoken  to  many  people  in  many 
countries  about  science  and  about  my  sci- 
ence over  the  last  few  years.  I  have  encouraged 
young  researchers  to  be  curious.  With  the 
group  Scientists  and  Engineers  for  America, 
I  have  advocated  for  a  more  scientifically 
informed  government.  I  have  testified  be- 
fore various  Congressional  panels  to  inform 
that  government.  I  have  even  subjected  my- 
self to  the  mock- interview  routine  of  Com- 
edy Central's  Stephen  Colbert. 

Scientists  and  physicians  must  be  engaged 
with  the  community.  I'm  not  sure  there  will 
ever  be  another  Scientist  Everyone  Knows, 
but  it  is  in  our  best  interest  to  ensure  that 
everyone  knows  about  science. 

Agre,  ]ames  B.  Duke  Professor  of  cell  biology, 
professor  of  medicine,  and  vice  chancellor  for 
science  and  technology,  shared  the  2003  Nobel 
Prize  in  Chemistry. 


80 


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Duke  University's  Fuqua  School  of  Business  educates  leaders  at  all  stages  of  their  careers. 
Whether  you're  a  full-time  MBA  student,  a  professional  earning  an  executive  MBA  to  accelerate 
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Ross  Harris 


ilh^tat*. 


1 

R.  Ross  Harris  T'78,  B'80  is  a  familiar 
face  to  many  Duke  alumni.  She  has 
volunteered  tirelessly  for  the  university 
and  has  served  on  many  prominent 
boards.  From  1 995  to  1 996,  she  was 
president  of  the  Duke  Alumni  Association, 
and  she  currently  serves  as  chair  of  the 
Duke  Comprehensive  Cancer  Center's 
Citizens  Advisory  Council.  "My  brother 
died  of  cancer  in  1983,  so  1  have  a 
strong,  personal  interest  in  the  search 
for  a  cure,"  she  said. 

When  Ross  is  not  wearing  one  of  her 
many  Duke  hats,  she  runs  a  marketing 
and  management  consulting  business 
in  her  hometown  of  Greensboro.  She 
notes  that  whenever  she  has  moved 
in  her  adult  life,  she  has  sought  out 
Duke  alumni.  "My  first  call  is  always 
to  find  the  local  alumni  club,"  she  said. 
"Duke  alumni  are  wonderful  people. 
Duke  has  provided  me  with  an  excellent 
education  and  the  best  friends  in  the 
world.  1  feel  like  1  owe  so  much  to  this 
great  place." 

Ross's  love  for  her  alma  mater  led  her  to 

i 

include  the  university  in  her  estate  plans. 
Half  of  her  bequest  to  Duke  will  provide 
general  support  for  the  university,  and 
half  will  go  to  the  Duke  Comprehensive 
Cancer  Center. 

To  learn  how  you  can  give  back  to  Duke 
through  a  bequest,  a  life  income  gift, 
or  some  other  "tax-wise"  gift  plan, 
please  contact: 

DUKE     UNIVERSITY 

GIFT  PLANNING 

Duke  University  Office  of  Gift  Planning 

2127  Campus  Drive,  Box  90600 

Durham,  North  Carolina  27708 

Phone    (919)  681-0464 

Fax        (919)684-9731 

Email     giftplanning@dev.duke.edu 

Web      www.giftplanning.duke.edu 

THE  SIMPLICITY  OF  LAKE  LIFE 
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Now  in  bloom  from  Duke  University  Press 


Beautiful  at  All  Seasons 

Southern  Gardening  and  Beyond  with  Elizabeth  Lawrence 
BY  ELIZABETH   LAWRENCE 
Ann  L.  Armstrong  and  Lindie  Wilson,  editors 

272  pages,  9  illustrations,  hardcover  $24.95 


"All  gardeners  will  welcome  this  splendidly  edited  collection  of  essays  by  Elizabeth  Lawrence.  They  will  delight  in  her  elegant 
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—  Nancy  Goodwin,  author  of  Montrose:  Life  in  a  Garden 

"A  new  book  of  garden  essays  by  the  incomparable  Elizabeth  Lawrence  is  a  cause  for  celebration.  A  page  a  day  will  keep 
the  garden-and  you— happy."— Emily  Herring  Wilson,  author  of  No  One  Gardens  Alone:  A  Life  of  Elizabeth  Lawrence 

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II 


IRON  DUKES 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


C<>icr  illustration  by  Brian  Hubble. 
Pk  ■[.  .^iphi'c  Tesaurce^;:  Don  Kelh. 
Cordis;  C/ins  HiUrerh  an  J  Ml^ui 
Morr,  Dui^  L'nii^Tsin  P/i-nn^iphv 
Sara  Dan's,  Gt?rt>'  Images 

Vol.  93,  No.  3 

EDITOR: 

Robert  J.  Bitwise  A.M.  '88 

MANAGING  EDITOR: 

Zoe  lngalls 

SENIOR  WRITER: 

Bridget  Booher  '82,  A.M.  '92 

CLAY  FELKER 

MAGAZINE  FELLOW: 

Jacob  Dagger '03 

SENIOR  EDITORIAL 

ASSISTANT: 

Daniel  J.  Riechers 

PUBLISHER:  Sterly  L.  Wilder  '83 

and  Peter  Vaughn 

STUDENT  INTERNS: 

Adam  Pearse  '07 

Jared  Mueller  '09 

Will  Waggenspack  '08 

DESIGN  CONSULTANT: 

Maxine  Mills  Graphic  Design 

PRINTER:  Progress  Printing 

OFFICERS,  DUKE  ALUMNI 

ASSOCIATION: 

Thomas  C.  Clark  '69,  president: 

Sterly  L.  Wilder  '83,  secretary- 

PRESIDENTS,  SCHOOL 
AND  COLLEGE  ALUMNI 
ASSOCIATIONS: 
Sheila  Rayhum  Cumbest  M.R.E.  '90, 
Dumir\  Scrum!;  Pravson  W.  Pate 
B.S.E.  '84,  Pratt  School  of  Engineering; 
Amy  Schick  Kenney  '96,  M.E.M.  '98, 
\'/c/i.  »las  School  of  die  Environment 
and  Earth  Sciences;  Jonathan  Wiescr 
M.B.A.  '94,  Fiojiu  Schi »>l  of  Business; 
J.  Brett  Bennett  M.H.A.  '86, 
Department  of  Hea/l/i  AJmmisrMn.  ,u. 
Tom  WinlandJ.D.  '74,  School  of  Late; 
Roslyn  Bernstein  Mannon  M.D.  '85, 
School  of  Medicine;  Carole  A.  Klove 
B.S.N.  '80,  School  of  Nursing;  Holly 
Eggert  Duchene  D.P.T.  '03,  Graduate 
Program  in  Physical  Therapy 
EDITORIAL  ADVISORY  BOARD: 
Clay  Felker '51,  chair;  Peter 
Applebome  '71,  vice  chair,  Sarah 
Hardesty  Bray  '72;  Nancy  L. 
Cardwell  '69;  Jennifer  Farmer  '96; 
Jerrold  K.  Footlick;  Robbyn 
Footlick  '85;  Edward  M.  Gomez  '79; 
Devin  Gordon  '98;  Kerry  E. 
Hannon  '82:  lohn  Harwood  '78; 
Dave  Karger  '95;  Chris  Keyes  '96; 
Nora  Kru£  '92;  Stephen  Labaton 
A.M./J.D.  '86;  Hugo  Lindgren  '90; 
Sara  Lipka  '01;  Julia  Livshin  '96; 
Valerie  A.  May  '77;  Michael 
Milstein  88;  N.  Page  Murray  HI 
'85;  Ann  Pelham  '74;  Lauren 
Porcaro  '96;  Richard  Reeves; 
Jim  Rosenfield  '81;  Michael  J. 
Schoenfeld  '84;  Susan  Tifft  '73; 
Greg  Veis '03;  Jane  Vessels '77; 
James  O.  Wilson  '74;  Shelbv 
Oppel  Wood  '95;  Robert  J.  Bitwise 
A.M.  '88,  secretary 
SUBSCRIPTIONS: 
$20  per  year  ($30  foreign) 
Duke  Magazine,  Box  90572, 
Durham,  N.C.  27708 
PHONE:  (919)  684-5114 
FAX:  (919)  681-1659 
E-MAIL:  dukemag@duke.edu 
ADDRESS  CHANGES: 
Alumni  Records,  Box  90581, 
Durham,  N.C.  27708  or  e-mail 
bluedevilgduke.edu 
©2007  Duke  University 
Published  bimonthly  by  the 
Office  of  Alumni  Affairs 


DUKE 


Magazine 


MAY-JUNE  2007 


w  w  \v .  d  u  k  e  m  a  e  a :  i  n  e .  d  u  k  e .  e  d  t 


Features 


One  Year  Later  by  Robert  ] .  Blivuise  26 

Like  other  universities  that  have  endured  consuming  crises  and  intense  media  scrutiny, 
Duke  has  struggled  against  the  widespread  stereotyping  and  simplifying  of  a  complex  case 

Street  Smarts  by  Bridget  Booher  36 

Contemporary-art  curator  Trevor  Schoonmaker  brings  together  a  trio  of  up-and-coming 
artists  who  mix  urban  funk  with  international  flair 


Revisiting  the  Holocaust  Narrative  by  Jacob  Dagger 

By  writing  about  North  African  Arabs  who  helped  Jews  escape  Nazi-era  persecution, 

Middle  East  expert  Robert  Satloff  hopes  to  build  bridges  between  discordant  groups 


46 


D  e  p  a 


rtments 


Quad  Quotes 

American  global  leadership,  environmentally  friendly 
business,  stem-cell  setbacks 

Forum 

Hovering  parents,  hyperbaric  pressures,  pain  therapies 

Full  Frame 

Online  and  off-duty  in  the  Bryan  Center 

Gazette 

In  sympathy  with  Virginia  Tech,  in  praise  of  documentary  films,  in  consideration  of 
Tiger  Woods,  in  tune  with  women's  basketball;  Campus  Observer:  incredible  edible  books; 
Q&A:  lessons  learned  from  failure 

Books 

Free  agency  and  professional  sports,  charitable  foundations  and  social  impacts 

Alumni  Register 

Great  teaching  through  statistics,  journalism  with  passion,  Duke  by  the  books; 
Career  Corner:  total  compensation;  Retrospective:  a  not-so-flagging  tradition;  mini-profiles: 
keeping  folk  music  alive  through  performance,  aiming  to  listen  effectively  in  Congress, 
nurturing  volunteer  service  on  Wall  Street 

Under  the  Gargoyle 

The  unmaking  of  the  media 


51 


53 


Between 
the  Lines 


On  a  single  day,  the  magazine  re- 
ceived promotions  for  two  con- 
ferences. The  themes  created  a 
curious  juxtaposition.  One  con- 
ference was  on  "How  Colleges  Can  Ob- 
tain National  and  Regional  Publicity" — 
as  if  Duke,  over  the  past  year,  had  been 
eager  for  that  opportunity.  The  other,  on 
"Crisis  Communications  Planning,"  adver- 
tised itself  with  the  notion  that  "Campus 
crises  have  garnered  national  headlines 
in  the  last  twelve  months:  Duke,  Gallau- 
det,  American  University,  and  Virginia 
Tech  have  all  been  in  the  spotlight." 

In  all  of  those  cases,  the  spotlight  was 
unwelcome.  The  Duke  lacrosse  case  now 
has  the  cultural  signifier  of  a  twenty-six- 
page  entry  in  Wikipedia.  The  entry  fea- 
tures a  timeline  of  events,  discussions  of 
the  accuser's  shifting  account  and  the  dis- 
trict attorney's  questionable  actions,  and 
a  report  that  over  two  months  last  spring, 
"Sales  of  Duke  University  apparel,  espe- 
cially lacrosse  T-shirts,  led  the  Campus 
Store's  sales  to  triple." 

For  all  the  national  attention,  it's  re- 
markable how  little  impact  the  case  has 
had  on  the  life  of  the  campus.  The  presi- 
dent of  Duke  Student  Government, 
Elliott  Wolf,  a  junior,  says  lacrosse,  in  all 
of  its  strange  twists  and  turns,  affected 
him  in  his  official  role,  but  that  in  the 
past  academic  year,  it  was  rarely  a  con- 
versation topic  among  students.  The  stu- 
dents in  a  magazine-journalism  seminar 
resisted  discussing  the  relatively  sober 
coverage  in  The  New  Yorker  and  the 
shrill  treatment  in  Rolling  Stone  alike; 
they  had  had  enough. 

This  semester,  Wolf  had  a  history  class 
that  included  lacrosse  players.  The  class 
was  taught  by  a  signer  of  last  spring's 
"Listening  Statement,"  in  which  eighty- 
eight  faculty  members  expressed  con- 
cerns about  campus  culture.  According 
to  the  assumptions  of  their  critics,  the 
class  atmosphere  must  have  been  tense. 
Wolt  says  lacrosse  did  come  up  in  class, 
with  every  team  victory.  The  professor 
would  applaud  the  players  for  a  successful 
effort,  then  move  on  to  history. 

— Robert].  Bliwise,  editor 


Spiritual  paths:  Walking  labyrinths  has  long  been  a  form  of 
meditation,  prayer,  or  reflection.  Visitors  to  Duke  Chapel 
this  spring  were  invited  to  navigate  the  forty-foot  circle  at 


QUAD  QUOTES 


"Rather  than  banning 
Wikipedia,  why  not  make 
studying  what  it  does  and 
does  not  do  part  of  the 
research-and-methods  por- 
tion of  our  courses?" 

—Cathy  N.  Davidson,  interim 
director  of  the  John  Hope 
Franklin  Humanities  Institute 
and  a  professor  of  interdisci- 
plinary studies,  on  the  online, 
community-written  and  -edited 
encyclopedia,  in  The  Chronicle 
of  Higher  Education 

"It  appears  that  this  was  not 
schizophrenia,  but  some  form 
of  severe  mental  illness  ac- 
companied by  paranoid  de- 
lusional thinking,  as  reflected 
in  his  rantings  on  the  video 
about  people  with  trust  funds 
and  cognac  and  vodka." 

— Redford  Williams,  professor 
of  behavioral  psychiatry  and 
director  of  Duke's  Behavioral 
Medicine  Research  Center, 
after  watching  clips  of  a  video 
mailed  by  Virginia  Tech  shoot- 
er Seung-Hui  Cho  to  NBC 
News,  on  ABC  News 

"If  the  war  [in  Iraq]  is  en- 
larged in  the  next  twenty 
months  to  include  Iran — if 
that  happens — for  the  next 
twenty  years  the  United 
States  is  going  to  be  bogged 
down  in  a  war  which  spans 
Iraq,  Iran,  Afghanistan,  and 
Pakistan,  and  then  you  can 
forget  about  American 
global  leadership." 
— Zbigniew  Brzezinski,  former 
national  security  adviser  to 
President  Jimmy  Carter,  on 
how  and  whether  the  U.S.  can 
regain  its  post-Cold  War 
respect,  in  a  campus  talk 

"The  experience  of  the 
Watergate  hearings  demon- 
strates that  congressional 
investigation  into  executive 
wrong-doing  is  not  a  fishing 
expedition  or  a  show  trial. 
Rather,  it  is  a  crucial  tool  the 


Constitution  has  created  to 
ensure  checks  and  balances. 

— Erwin  Chemerinsky,  Alston 
&  Bird  Professor  of  law 
and  professor  of  political 
science,  on  the  Bush  adminis- 
tration's defense  against 
criticisms  of  its  firing  eight 
U.S.  attorneys,  in  The  San 
Diego  Union-Tribune 

"This  is  not  a  pie-in-the-sky 
idea.  It  is  a  concept  whose 
time  has  come.  The  busi- 
ness community  has  seen 
this  and  is  speculating  on 
its  upside.  Capital  is  flood- 
ing to  'climate-friendly' 


investment,  and  messaging 
and  marketing  by 
American  firms  seek  to  grab 
the  'green  mantle'  from 
companies  that  have  gotten 
the  jump  on  them." 

—Tim  Profeta,  director  of 

Duke's  Nicholas  Institute  for 

Environmental  Policy 

Solutions,  on  environmentally 

friendly  business,  in  the 

Orlando  Sentinel 

"If  the  old  stereotype  is 
right  about  men  never 
wanting  to  stop  and  ask  for 
directions,  how  simple  is 
that  compared  to  actually 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


I  :    ! 


1 


&  1 


saying  that  you're  struggling 
with  something  like  an  eat- 
ing disorder?" 

— Terrill  Bravender,  associate 
professor  of  pediatrics,  psychi- 
atry, and  family  medicine 
and  director  of  adolescent 
medicine  at  Duke  Medical 
Center,  on  difficulties  of 
diagnosing  and  treating  males 
with  eating  disorders,  on 
NPR's  Talk  of  the  Nation 

"I've  always  loved  working 
with  plants.  From  10  or  11 
years  old,  I've  always  known 
my  life's  work  would  be 
with  plants.  I  love  them  all, 
except  maybe  bamboo." 


—Harry  Jenkins,  superintendent 
of  the  Sarah  P.  Duke  Gardens, 
in  Raleigh's  News  8  Observer 

"I  think  that  the  federal 
restrictions  have  dampened 
progress  here.  I  know  per- 
sonally of  some  very  talent- 
ed researchers  who  have 
left  the  country  in  order  to 
be  able  to  do  their  work." 
—Joanne  Kurtzberg,  director 
of  Duke's  Pediatric  Bone 
Marrow  and  Stem  Cell 
Transplant  Program,  on  the 
lack  of  federal  funding 
for  embryonic  stem-cell 
research,  on  American  Public 
Media's  Marketplace 


"New  devices  and  medica- 
tions offer  tremendous 
promise  to  America's  aging 
population.  However,  with 
the  increasing  use  of  new 
technologies,  it  is  remark- 
able how  little  we  do  to 
track  their  safety  and  effec- 
tiveness." 

—Kevin  A.  Schulman, 

professor  of  medicine  and 

business  administration,  in 

the  Baltimore  Sun 

"We  have  visitors,  unau- 
thorized, who  sprinkle 
ashes  here  now.  We  wanted 


to  have  a  little  more 
control." 

—Jeffrey  Yohn,  director  of 

development  at  Duke 

Gardens,  explaining  the 

$25,000  fee  for  burial  of 

cremated  remains  in  a  new 

Memorial  Garden,  in  77ie 

News  &  Observer 

"If  we  appear  to  be  putting 
a  cover  over  Guantanamo, 
I  think  it  is  a  mistake." 

—Scott  Silliman,  professor 
of  law,  on  a  Pentagon  decision 
to  hold  secret  hearings 
for  fourteen  suspected 
terrorists  transferred  to 
Guantanamo  Bay  last  year,  in 
the  Los  Angeles  Times 


May-Ji: 


Forum 


Swooping  In 


I  generally  set  my  Duke 
Magazine  aside  for  some 
future  date  to  read,  and  it 
eventually  migrates  to  the 
recycling  bin.  The  January- 
February  story  on  "Helicop- 
ter Parents"  caught  my  at- 
tention— initially  via  e- 
mail  with  that  engaging 
cover  drawing — and  I  read 
it  with  interest.  The  article 
was  right  on  target  for  us  as 
a  family  with  kids  in  high 
school  and  one  college 
grad.  It  put  in  perspective 
how  much  the  parenting  of 
college-bound  and  college- 
age  school  kids  has  changed 
since  I  went  through  the 
process. 

I  went  on  to  read  the  rest 
of  the  magazine  and  found 
lots  there,  starting  with  that 
description  of  Paul  Berliner 
excavating  a  whale  skele- 
ton on  the  beach  and  turn- 
ing the  experience  into  a 
musical  life  investigation 
["Playing  It  Forward"].  It's 
quite  likely  the  magazine 
has  been  so  intriguing  for 
years,  but  I  really  think  it 
was  that  cover  illustration 
that  got  me  to  discover  it. 

Cynthia  Ward  Welti  75 
Bellevue,  Washington 


Poetic  Geography 

While  any  lover  of  poetry 
will  applaud  Professor 
Gopen  for  fostering  the  art 
of  reading  poetry  aloud 
[Campus  Observer,  January- 
February  2007],  one  must 
doubt  that  the  misinforma- 
tion that  Elizabeth  Bishop 
was  a  Mid  westerner  came 
from  him.  Only  a  very  little 


homework  will  disclose  to 
the  author  of  "Poetic  Mo- 
ments" that  Ms.  Bishop  was 
born  in  Massachusetts,  was 
raised  and  educated  in  the 
Maritime  Provinces  of  Can- 
ada and  in  New  England, 
and  lived  much  of  her  life 
in  Key  West  and  Brazil. 

Lucia  Walton  Robinson 

A.M.  '60 

Niceville,  Florida 


For  the  Record 

There  were  many  items  of 
interest  in  the  latest  maga- 
zine, but  what  particularly 
caught  my  eye  was  the 
report  on  the  renovation  of 
Branson  Auditorium  and 
the  renaming  to  honor 
benefactor  Harold  Brody 
[Gazette,  January-February 
2007].  Branson  certainly 
needed  renovation  when  I 
was  there  in  the  late  '60s;  I 
remember  having  to  turn 
the  heat  off  during  perform- 
ances so  that  the  actors 
didn't  have  to  compete 
with  clanking  radiators  cir- 
cling the  audience.  Bravo 
to  Brody  and  many  thanks 
for  his  generosity. 

What  puzzles  me,  howev- 
er, is  the  statement  that 
Brody  was  an  active  mem- 
ber of  the  Duke  Players.  I 
was  also  a  member  of  the 
Class  of  '70  and  a  member 
of  the  Players  from  January 
1967  until  I  finished  my 
coursework  in  January 
1970. 1  also  served  as  presi- 
dent of  the  Players  my 
junior  year,  and  I'm  afraid  I 
have  no  memory  whatsoever 
of  Harold  as  a  Player. 

I  wonder  if  he  was  in- 
stead a  member  of  Hoof  'N' 


Horn,  which  annually  pro- 
duced a  musical  during  Joe 
College  weekend.  The  mis- 
take would  be  ironic,  since 
Hoof 'N'  Horn  had  much 
more  cachet  at  that  time 
than  the  Players;  they  were 
able  to  fill  Page  Auditor- 
ium, while  the  Players 
were  relegated  to  Branson 
because  our  audiences  were 
so  puny. 

]amme  Wilder  Coy  '70 
Ashland,  Virginia 

Brody  indeed  was  a  member 
of  Hoof  'N'  Horn,  not  Duke 
Players. 

Thank  you  so  much  for  pro- 
viding the  photograph  cap- 
tioned "Under  Pressure"  in 
the  January-February  2007 
issue  [In  Focus].  It  would  be 
very  kind  of  you  to  provide 
identifying  information  for 
the  engineer  who  is  seated 
in  the  photograph,  especial- 
ly since  he  is  a  Duke  alumnus 
who  has  dedicated  his  life 
work  to  the  Duke  hyperbaric 
chamber.  (He  is  Mike  Natoli 
B.S.E. '84,  M.S.E. '91.) 

I  hope  that  you  will  do  an 
article  in  the  future  to  high- 
light some  of  the  medical  re- 
search which  has  been  done 
in  the  Duke  hyperbaric 
chamber.  I  believe  it  would 
be  fascinating  for  your  read- 
ers. When  I  left  my  position 
at  Duke  Medical  Center, 
we  had  just  started  to  learn 
some  of  the  therapeutic  uses 
of  hyperbaric  therapy.  We 
are  very  lucky  to  have  the 
chamber  and  its  committed 
staff  at  Duke. 

L^nne  Russell  Brophy 

B.S.N.  '84 

Loveland,  Ohio 


Managing  Pain 

I  enjoyed  Barry  Yeoman's 
article,  "Raising  the  Thres- 
hold of  Pain  Research,"  in 
the  November-December 
2006  issue.  However,  I  have 
concerns  about  some  items 
in  the  article. 

First,  "opioids  carry  almost 
no  risk  of  addiction  when 
used  as  prescribed."  As  the 
medical  director  of  an  ad- 
diction clinic,  I  daily  see 
the  unfortunate  results  of 
individuals  who  began  tak- 
ing opioids  "as  prescribed" 
and  became  addicted.  One 
of  the  components  of  a  di- 
agnosis of  addiction  to  opi- 
oids is  the  inability  to  take 
opioids  as  prescribed. 

The  statement  "There 
will  be  some  chance  of  giving 
these  drugs  to  fakers  and 
liars"  is  correct,  but  this  min- 
imizes the  problem  of  illicit 
opioid  use  in  this  country 
(and  worldwide).  My  clinic 
has  documented  that  some 
of  our  patients  with  addic- 
tion to  opioid  pain  pills 
obtained  their  pills  illegally 
from  elderly  patients  (with 
chronic  pain  or  malignant 
conditions)  who,  routinely, 
sell  some  of  the  pain  pills 
they  obtain  from  their  med- 
ical providers. 

Finally,  the  case  against 
Dr.  William  Hurwitz  is 
more  complex  than  implied 
in  the  article.  In  August 
2006,  the  4th  U.S.  Circuit 
Court  of  Appeals  remanded 
the  case  for  a  new  trial. 

Pain  management  is  com- 
plicated, as  there  is  no  reli- 
able objective  test  for  pain. 
Furthermore,  the  assump- 
tion that  opioid  pain  med- 
ications are  not  addictive  if 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


used  properly  negates  the 
lessons  of  the  mid-  to  late 
nineteenth  century,  when 
thousands  of  American 
women  and  Civil  War  vet- 
erans suffered  the  perils  of 
addiction  to  opioids  be- 
cause the  medical  profes- 
sion was  not  fully  aware  of 
the  potentially  permanent 
brain-altering  properties  of 
opioids.  Certainly,  more 
research  is  needed  to  fur- 
ther understand  the  nature 
of  pain  and  to  improve  its 
treatment.  Considering  the 
forces,  illicit  and  licit,  that 
drive  the  use  of  opioids, 
both  medical  providers  and 
consumers  should  use  cau- 
tion in  the  use  of  these 
medications. 

James  Dorsey  '70,  M.D.  74 
College  Park,  Maryland 

Curious  Conflating 

Lewis  Klein's  letter  about  the 
conflation  of  Guantanamo 
residents  and  Japanese  Amer- 
icans in  Relocation  Centers 
(to  use  the  legalistic  term) 
is  passing  strange  [Forum, 
November-December  2006]. 

First,  Roosevelt  did  not 
need  to  sign  the  execrable 
executive  order  for  propa- 
ganda purposes.  The  animus 
toward  Japan  and  the  Japa- 
nese could  not  have  been 
more  thorough.  Some  of  it 
became  generalized  toward 
Japanese  Americans  whether 
native-born,  i.e.  citizens  or 


aliens,  and  there  were  in- 
deed instances  of  mindless 
prejudice.  Was  it  as  severe 
as  prejudice  toward  blacks 
in  the  South  before  the 
civil-rights  era?  Probably 
not.  Incidentally,  there  was 
never  any  sabotage,  and  a 
small  number  of  Japanese 
deemed  security  risks  were 
picked  up  early  and  either 
deported  or  imprisoned. 

Second,  despite  the  press 
campaign  against  Japanese 
Americans,  there  were  few 
overt  acts  against  them,  per- 
haps equal  to  the  number  of 
expressions  of  personal  sym- 
pathy. Certainly  the  camps 
were  not  established  to  pro- 
vide protective  custody. 
Nor  were  they  designed  for 
family  life.  I  saw  them. 

The  reader  should  con- 
sider some  details:  Hawaii 
had  a  Japanese- American 
population  of  about  six  dig- 
its. None  were  taken  into 
protective  custody,  and  the 
Hawaiian  economy  and  war 
effort  would  have  suffered 
without  them.  Many  Japan- 
ese Americans  enlisted  while 
in  the  camps  and  formed  the 
442nd  Regimental  Combat 
Team,  a  highly  decorated 
unit.  An  analogous  unit  was 
established  by  Hawaiian 
volunteers.  In  the  Pacific, 
Japanese  Americans  served 
in  intelligence  and  as  inter- 
preters and  translators. 

It  is  now  generally  accep- 
ted that  the  evacuation  was 
unjustified,  that  it  impaired 


the  war  effort,  and  that  it 
harmed  loyal  Americans. 

Leonard  Broom  Ph.D.  '37 
Santa  Barbara,  California 

Off-Center 

It  was  with  great  amuse- 
ment that  I  read  the  article 
on  "Leftward  Leanings" 
in  academe  [September- 
October  2006]  and  the 
many  letters  that  followed. 
I  would  like  to  offer  conser- 
vatives a  simple  solution  to 
the  preponderance  of  liber- 
als on  college  campuses: 
Come  join  us.  I  have  served 
on  search  committees  at 
three  universities  for  aca- 
demic and  administrative 
positions.  I  have  never 
known  the  politics  of  those 
I  was  interviewing.  Now 
granted,  this  may  be  obvi- 
ous in  some  disciplines  and 
with  some  scholarship,  but 
typically,  it  is  not. 

I  submit  that  the  reason 
most  universities  are  lack- 
ing conservatives  is  simple. 
They  don't  apply  for  aca- 
demic jobs.  Today's  Neocons 
are  more  interested  in  the 
salaries  and  power  available 
in  the  private  sector,  and 
in  the  influence  they  can 
have  in  government  and 
think  tanks.  If  conserva- 
tives want  to  make  a  differ- 
ence on  campus,  I,  for  one, 
would  welcome  their  view- 
point. But  are  they  willing 
to  accept  an  assistant  pro- 
fessor's salary  at  a  state  uni- 
versity? Obviously,  people 
like  Horowitz  are  more  in- 
terested in  finger  wagging 
than  educating. 

Rob  Young  Ph.D. '95 
Webster,  North  Carolina 


After  reading  in  recent  is- 
sues about  "Leftward  Lean- 
ings" at  Duke,  I  was  amused 
to  see  the  term  "B.C.E." 
used  in  describing  the  age 
of  a  Greek  pendant  [Gal- 
lery, January-February  2007]. 
B.C.E.  is  a  modern  litmus 
test  of  one's  PC  credentials. 
Just  as  the  "N"  word  is  ta- 
boo, the  Christ  word  (as  in 
B.C.)  cannot  be  uttered,  or 
even  acknowledged  in  en- 
lightened academia,  lest 
one  be  struck  dumb  or  lose 
tenure.  However,  it  is  intel- 
lectually dishonest  (and 
quite  silly)  to  pretend  some- 
thing didn't  occur,  then 
reluctantly  acknowledge  it 
by  renaming  it.  Perhaps  it 
could  also  be  called  "Before 
Candles  Existed"  or  "Before 
College  Exams." 

If  our  "intellectuals" 
want  to  date  things  from  a 
"Common  Era,"  why  not 
pick  something  really  com- 
mon as  a  starting  point, 
like  Paris  Hilton's  birthday? 
Let's  see,  it  would  be  about 
the  year  22  A.P.H. 

Bob  Anderson  '55 
The  Villages,  Florida 

Says  Eric  Meyers,  Lemer 
Professor  of  religion  and  di- 
rector of  the  graduate  pro- 
gram in  religion:  "B.C.E. 
means  'before  the  common 
era  and  is  a  neutral  way 
of  referring  to  the  manner 
in  which  much  of  the  world 
dates  historical  events.  'A.D. ' 
means  'year  of  the  Lord,' 
an  expression  that  ties  world 
history  to  the  birth  of  Jesus. 
Religious  Jews  date  according 
to  biblical  chronology  and  the 
creation  of  the  world;  Musliins 
date  before  and  after  the  pro- 
phet Mohammed." 


May-Ju 


Gazette 


ACROSS   THE   CAMPUS 


Shared  grief:  Brought  together  by  tragedy,  the  Duke  community  sought  solace  in  prayer  and  unity 


Virginia  Tech  Vigil 


On  April  17,  the  day  after  the  shoot- 
ings that  killed  thirty-three  at  Vir- 
ginia Tech,  Duke  students,  adminis- 
trators, and  faculty  members  held  a 
vigil  to  show  support  for  the  Virginia  Tech 
community.  The  vigil  was  held  at  2  p.m.,  to 
coincide  with  a  memorial  service  being  held 
in  Blacksburg,  Virginia.  The  chapel  bell  tolled 
thirty-three  times,  once  for  each  person 
who  died. 

Sam  Wells,  dean  of  the  chapel,  reflected 
on  "two  of  the  most  powerful  human  emo- 
tions: terror  and  love."  He  spoke  to  a  crowd 
of  more  than  100  about  the  Virginia  Tech 
community — students,  alumni,  parents, 
faculty  members,  administrators — coming 
together  in  the  wake  of  the  tragedy,  and 


said,  "For  a  moment  we  see  the  world  as 
God  sees  it:  full  of  wonder,  beauty,  fragile 
glory,  and  passionate  devotion,  and  yet  at 
the  same  time  cruelly  mutilated  by  vio- 
lence, horror,  and  terror." 

The  Chronicle  reported  that  Duke  stu- 
dents also  started  a  Facebook  group  called 
"We  Love  You,  Virginia  Tech  (Dukies  in 
Support  of  Techies  on  a  terrible  day),"  and 
that  many  students  replaced  their  Facebook 
profile  pictures  with  an  icon  depicting  a 
maroon  "VT"  on  top  of  a  black  ribbon. 


Scholarly  Trio 


T 


hree  Duke  students — two  undergrad- 
uates and  a  graduate  student — have 
been  awarded  prestigious  national 
scholarships. 


Brandon  Levin,  a  senior  from  Toledo, 
Ohio,  majoring  in  mathematics,  was  select- 
ed as  one  of  twelve  Churchill  Scholars.  The 
Churchill  Scholarship  Program  enables  out- 
standing American  students  to  conduct  grad- 
uate studies  in  engineering,  mathematics, 
and  the  natural  and  physical  sciences  at  the 
University  of  Cambridge's  Churchill  College. 

While  at  Duke,  Levin  and  two  fellow  stu- 
dents formed  one  of  only  eleven  teams  in 
the  world  to  receive  an  "outstanding"  desig- 
nation in  the  2006  Mathematical  Contest 
in  Modeling,  a  grueling  ninety-six-hour 
event  during  which  students  must  race  the 
clock  to  solve  a  problem.  His  group's  chal- 
lenge was  to  devise  a  model  outlining  the 
most  efficient  way  for  a  farmer  to  irrigate  a 
field  using  a  designated  list  of  equipment. 

Levin  plans  to  continue  developing  his 
longtime  interest  in  number  theory  and 


10 


01  !KH  MAGAZINE 


earn  the  equivalent  of  a  master's  degree  at 
the  Centre  for  Mathematical  Sciences,  lo- 
cated near  Churchill  College,  before  re- 
turning to  the  U.S.  to  earn  a  doctorate  and 
join  a  university  faculty. 

Junior  Andy  Cunningham,  who  helped 
found  an  all-girls  boarding  school  in  Kenya, 
has  been  awarded  a  Harry  S.  Truman  Schol- 
arship. Truman  Scholars  are  chosen  based 
on  their  academic  success,  leadership  poten- 
tial, and  commitment  to  a  career  in  public 
service.  They  receive  $30,000  for  graduate 
study,  priority  admission,  and  supplemental 
financial  aid  to  top  graduate  programs, 
as  well  as  leadership  training  and  career 
counseling. 

Cunningham,  who  is  pursuing  a  double 
major  in  international  comparative  studies 
and  Chinese,  has  long  been  active  in  public 
service  around  the  world.  Working  with 
biology  professor  Sherryl  Broverman  and 
others,  he  co-founded  WISER,  the  Women's 
Institute  for  Secondary  Education  and  Re- 
search, the  first  all-girls  boarding  school  in 
Muhuru  Bay,  Kenya,  which  aims  to  provide 
students  a  safe  and  effective  education  so 
they  may  attend  college. 

He  led  a  major  fundraising  campaign  in 
the  aftermath  of  Hurricane  Katrina  that 
raised  $125,000  for  students  and  their  fami- 
lies in  New  Orleans,  worked  with  physically 
and  mentally  handicapped  children  in  Ja- 
maica, and  taught  street  children  in  Cal- 
cutta, India,  with  Mother  Teresa's  Mission- 
aries of  Charity. 

Cunningham  plans  to  defer  graduate  school 
for  a  year  and  invest  his  energy  in  WISER. 
After  a  year  in  Kenya,  he  plans  to  pursue  a 
graduate  degree  in  international  education- 
policy  development. 

Elizabeth  Forwand,  a  Nicholas  School 
graduate  student  whose  goal  is  to  work  with 
communities  to  help  them  better  manage 
forests,  has  been  awarded  a  Luce  scholar- 
ship. The  Luce  Scholars  Program  provides 


stipends  and  internships  for  fifteen  young 
Americans  to  live  and  work  in  Asia  each  year. 
After  graduating  in  May  with  master's  de- 
grees in  environmental  management  and  in 
forestry,  Forwand  says  she  will  travel  to 
Southeast  Asia  to  work  with  "local  citizens, 
governments,  businesses,  and  environmen- 
tal groups  to  help  them  manage  forests  for 
multiple  benefits  such  as  clean  water,  food 
production,  and  flood  protection,  as  well  as 
products  like  timber  or  botanicals  that  come 
from  forest  plants." 

Frosh  Reading  Assignment 

In  the  early  1970s,  Ann  Atwater,  a  black 
civil-rights  activist,  and  CP.  Ellis,  a  for- 
mer member  of  the  Ku  Klux  Klan,  were 
asked  to  work  together  toward  the  de- 
segregation of  the  Durham  public-school 
system.  Bitter  adversaries  initially,  they  be- 
came friends,  drawn  together  by  a  shared 
desire  to  make  Durham  a  better  community. 
The  story  of  their  friendship  is  told  in  Osha 
Gray  Davidson's  1996  book,  The  Best  of  En- 
emies: Race  and  Redemption  in  the  New  South, 
which  has  been  selected  as  the  summer  read- 
ing assignment  for  incoming  Duke  freshmen. 
All  members  of  the  Class  of  201 1  will  receive 
a  copy  of  the  book  and  are  expected  to  read 
it  before  August  orientation,  when  they  will 
participate  in  small-group  discussions. 

Ryan  Lombardi,  associate  dean  of  students 
and  chair  of  the  summer  reading  selection 
committee,  says  the  book  was  a  unanimous 
choice  because  of  its  historical  account  of 
Durham  and  the  important  issues  it  raises. 

"The  Best  of  Enemies  does  a  great  job  in 
exploring  the  history  of  the  city  of  Dur- 
ham," he  says.  "It  will  be  a  great  opportuni- 
ty for  our  students  to  learn  about  their  new 
community  before  they  arrive  in  August." 

The  story  of  the  two  characters  is  also  en- 
gaging, he  says.  "To  have  a  local  and  very 


Making  the  world  a 
better  place:  scholars 
Levin,  Cunningham,  and 
Forwand,  from  left 


real  demonstration  of  how  two  people  of 
divergent  beliefs  and  opinions  can  come 
together  toward  a  common  goal  is  a  very 
powerful  message." 

Now  in  its  sixth  year,  Duke's  summer 
reading  assignment  is  designed  to  provide  a 
taste  of  the  university's  intellectual  climate 
and  foster  a  sense  of  community  among 
incoming  students.  Last  year,  first-year  stu- 
dents read  Jodi  Picoult's  M^  Sister's  Keeper,  a 
fictional  story  of  a  teenager  who  was  geneti- 
cally engineered  to  be  a  bone-marrow  donor 
for  her  leukemia-stricken  older  sister.  To 
select  this  year's  book,  a  fourteen-member 
committee  comprising  students  and  faculty 
and  staff  members  considered  more  than 
seventy  nominations. 

The  other  finalists  were:  The  Omnivore's 
Dilemma,  by  Michael  Pollan;  Three  Cups  of 
Tea,  by  Greg  Mortenson  and  David  Oliver 
Relin;  and  What  is  the  What,  by  Dave  Eggers. 


'      W^; 

^jTI  3H 

The 
BESTo/ 

Enemies 

Race 
and  Redemption 

New  South 
Osha  Gray  Davidson 

m  '    -»w 

ESvi 

y 

■IHBEiiH-^ 

Vice  Presidential  Changes 

Allison  Haltom  72,  vice  president  and 
university  secretary,  will  step  down 
at  the  end  of  December.  Haltom  has 
been  at  Duke  for  almost  forty  years. 
After  graduating  from  the  Woman's  Col- 


May-June  2007 


11 


Gazette 


ACROSS   THE   CAMPUS 


lege,  she  stayed  on  to  work  for  the  universi- 
ty, serving  in  the  offices  of  undergraduate 
admissions  and  annual  giving.  She  was  the 
first  woman  to  direct  the  Annual  Fund. 
Haltom  was  named  university  secretary  in 
1986  by  president  H.  Keith  H.  Brodie  and, 
in  2001,  was  named  vice  president  by  presi- 
dent Nannerl  O.  Keohane. 

As  vice  president  and  university  secre- 
tary, she  provides  administrative  support  to 
the  board  of  trustees,  oversees  the  planning 
for  commencement  and  other  academic 
convocations  (including  presidential  inau- 
gurations), and  coordinates  all  vice  presi- 
dent-level searches. 

Haltom  has  also  served  on  the  Women's 
Studies  Council,  the  Steering  Committee 
on  the  Status  of  Women,  and  the  Residen- 
tial Life  Steering  Committee,  as  well  as  on 
the  Duke  Alumni  Association's  board  of 
directors. 

With  the  impending  retirement  of  one 
longtime  senior  administrator,  the  universi- 
ty announced  a  new  vice  presidency  and 
the  appointment  of  the  first  person  to  hold 
the  position.  Phail  Wynn  Jr.,  president  of 
Durham  Technical  Community  College,  will 
be  Duke's  vice  president  for  Durham  and 
regional  affairs. 

A  native  of  Oklahoma,  Wynn  earned  his 
undergraduate  degree  from  the  University 
of  Oklahoma.  He  served  as  an  Army  Green 
Beret  in  the  Vietnam  War.  He  went  on  to 
earn  a  master's  in  educational  psychology 
and  an  Ed.D.  in  adult  and  community  col- 
lege education  from  North  Carolina  State 
University  and  an  M.B.A.  from  the  Uni- 
versity of  North  Carolina  at  Chapel  Hill. 

He  began  work  at  Durham  Tech  in  1977  as 
assistant  to  the  president.  He  was  quickly 
promoted  to  vice  president  and  became  pres- 
ident in  1980.  Wynn  has  also  served  on  the 
boards  of  directors  for  many  Triangle  educa- 
tional, business,  government,  and  nonprofit 
organizations,  and  chaired  the  Greater  Dur- 
ham Chamber  of  Commerce. 

As  vice  president  for  Durham  and  region- 
al affairs  at  Duke,  Wynn  will  work  closely 
with  John  Burness,  senior  vice  president  for 
public  affairs  and  government  relations. 
Wynn  will  be  responsible  for  Duke's  rela- 
tions with  Durham  and  the  surrounding  area, 


Wilson  Recreation  Center 

99,000  Size  of  the  recreation  center,  in  square  feet 

$20,000,000  Construction  cost 

$5,000,000  Amount  of  gift  for  the  center,  donated  by  Gary  L.  Wilson  '62,  a  former  varsity 

football  player  and  co-chair  of  Northwest  Airlines,  to  secure  naming  opportunity 

1999  Year  center  opened 

1991  Year  the  American  Institute  of  Architects  included  Cesar  Pelli,  the  center's  designer, 
on  its  list  of  the  ten  most  influential  living  American  architects 

18  Basketballs  available  for  loan  (with  DukeCards  kept  as  collateral) 

18  Smoothie  flavors  available  at  Quenchers  juice  bar 

$4.64  Per-pound  cost  of  fresh  fruit  at  Quenchers 

312.5  Maximum  resistance,  in  pounds,  available  on  Wilson's  leg  press  machines 

20  Elliptical  machines 

6  Flat-screen  televisions  in  the  cardio  room 

$1  Penalty  for  absconding  with  a  weight-room  towel 


a  focus  that  is  in  line  with  the  current  stra-  the  public  schools — addressed  through  ex- 

tegic  plan's  emphasis  on  reaching  out  to  the  isting   programs   like   the   Duke-Durham 

surrounding  community.  Neighborhood  Partnership — but  will  also 

He  will  focus  on  traditional  community-  promote  collaboration  with  local  colleges 

relations  themes  like  economic  development,  and  businesses  and  research  institutions  in 

improved  health-care  planning,  and  aid  to  Research  Triangle  Park. 


12 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


STUDENT  SNAPSHOT 


Cameron  Williams ,  cheerleader  for  arts  and  sciences 


Considering  Tiger  Woods 

Described  as  possibly  "the  first-ever 
academic  conference  on  Tiger 
Woods,"  a  spring  gathering  of  faculty 
members,  athletes,  and  sports  ana- 
lysts convened  at  Duke's  John  Hope  Frank- 
lin Center  to  discuss  "Tiger  Woods  ©:  Ameri- 
can Empire,  Global  Golf,  and  the  Making 
of  a  Megacelebrity."  The  purpose  of  the  con- 
ference was  not  to  discuss  Woods'  ability7  to 
hit  a  golf  ball,  but  his  impact  as  a  global  icon. 
The  conference  trod  some  familiar  ground, 
with  several  presenters  referencing  Woods' 
multiracial  identity.  Co-host  Orin  Starn,  a 
professor  of  cultural  anthropology  who  is 
currently  working  on  a  book  about  golf  and 
American  society,  compared  Woods  to  Dem- 
ocratic senator  and  presidential  candidate 
Barack  Obama  and  argued  that  those  iden- 
tified as  black  "bear  the  burden  of  talking 
about  race,"  while  whiteness  takes  on  a  cer- 
tain invisibility.  "Tiger  loves  golf.  Barack 
loves  politics.  Instead  they  find  themselves 
having  to  account  for  their  racial  selves,  to 
talk  about  race."  Contrast  that  with  white 
tour  pro  Phil  Mickelson,  who,  Starn  said, 

More  than  a  golfer:  Panel 
pondered  what  Woods  represents 


M          1 

J^^^^fcj 

■    «»  d 

4^^\\_^m  *h 

0^    KK 

unior  Cameron  Williams  has 
three  passions  that  some  might 
consider  counterintuitive,  if  not 
downright  contradictory.  She  is 
a  premed  student  who  plans  to 
specialize  in  oncology,  an  art-history 
major  whose  senior  thesis  is  on  the  Dutch 
Baroque  painter  Pieter  Saenredam,  and 
a  varsity  cheerleader  for  the  Blue  Devils. 
But  Williams  says  she  doesn't  con- 
sider her  overlapping  interests  that 
remarkable — or  incongruous.  "I  know 
several  students  who  are  combining  the 
physical  sciences  and  humanities.  It's 
great  because  it  involves  two  separate 
parts  of  your  brain."  As  for  cheerlead- 
ing,  she  says,  the  athleticism  and  phys- 
ical conditioning  the  sport  requires 
speak  to  a  high  level  of  focus  and  com- 
mitment among  its  participants. 

"During  the  season,  we  are  working 
out  two  hours  a  day,  including  intense 
physical  training.  More  than  half  of  our 
squad  are  premed  orin  engineering,  and 
three  [members]  are  Phi  Beta  Kappa." 
Williams  has  known  that  she  want- 
ed to  be  a  doctor  since  she  was  in  mid- 
dle school,  although  she  can't  pinpoint 
an  exact  reason  why  she's  drawn  to  the 
field.  She  doesn't  come  from  a  long  line 
of  physicians;  there  are  none  in  her 
immediate  or  extended  family.  Maybe 
it  has  something  to  do  with  her  fami- 
ly's positive  encounters  with  the  physi- 
cians and  staff  members  at  All 
Children's  Hospital  in  St.  Petersburg, 
Florida,  where  she  grew  up.  Her  sister's 


asthma  required  multiple  trips  to  the 
hospital  fortreatment  and  monitoring, 
and  Williams  spent  several  days  there 
recuperating  from  surgery  to  remove  a 
cystic  teratoma. 

Her  decision  to  pursue  the  premed 
path  at  Duke  and  her  more  recent  choice 
of  oncology  as  a  specialty  came  down 
to  two  factors,  she  says.  "I  find  premed 
courses  fascinating — for  instance,  I 
genuinely  enjoyed  organic  chemistry." 
Oncology,  she  continues,  "is  an  area 
where  you  have  a  huge  role  in  your  pa- 
tients'lives.You  see  them  regularly,  and 
you  have  a  direct  influence  on  how  they 
perceive  and  deal  with  their  illness." 
Williams  has  worked  in  the  labs  of  two 
physician-researchers  at  Duke:  Henry 
Friedman,  James  B.  Powell  Professor  of 
neuro-oncology  and  a  co-director  of  the 
Brain  Tumor  Center,  and  Vinod  Prasad, 
an  assistant  professor  of  pediatrics  who 
works  in  the  division  of  blood  and  mar- 
row transplantation.  She  has  shadowed 
the  doctors  as  they  made  rounds  and 
conducted  initial  intake  interviews 
with  patients,  among  other  duties. 

Majoring  in  art  history  was  never 
part  of  her  long-range  plan.  But  her 
high  school  offered  no  art-history 
courses,  and  she  was  curious  about  the 
field,  she  says.  In  her  first  semester  at 
Duke,  she  decided  to  balance  her  calcu- 
lus and  accelerated  chemistry  classes 
with  what  she  thought  would  be  a  "fun 
and  relatively  easy"  introductory  art- 
history  class.  It  was  fun,  not  so  easy, 


and  she  was  hooked.  Since  then,  she's 
enrolled  in  classes  on  Cubism,  avant- 
garde  art  movements  during  the  1950s 
and  1960s,  visual  culture  and  art  of  the 
Netherlands,  and  Chinese  Buddhist  art, 
among  others. 

Looking  ahead  to  the  summer, 
Williams  will  take  the  MCATs  and  apply 
to  medical  schools  on  the  East  Coast  for 
admission  in  the  fall  of  2008.  This  com- 
ing fall,  she'll  take  a  course  on  the  art 
of  Medieval  Southern  Italy  and  an  art- 
history  methodology  course;  an  English 
course  on  Shakespeare  after  1600;  a 
biological  anatomy  and  anthropology 
course  on  the  human  body;  and  begin- 
ning golf.  That's  in  addition  to  her 
ongoing  volunteer  efforts  in  a  Durham 
elementary  school,  her  involvement 
in  Kappa  Alpha  Theta  sorority,  and 
cheerleading  drills,  which  get  under 
way  well  before  the  kickoff  of  the  foot- 
ball season. 

Despite  her  impressive  array  of 
interests  and  commitments,  Williams 
says  she  sometimes  looks  back  on  her 
high-school  activities  with  awe.  She 
was  a  top  student  in  the  academically 
rigorous,  two-year  International 
Baccalaureate  program;  was  active 
with  the  National  Conference  for 
Community  and  Justice's  youth  leader- 
ship program;  and  participated  on  two 
separate  cheerleading  squads,  includ- 
ing a  competitive  all-star  club  team. 

"I  don't  know  how  I  did  it,"she  says. 


May-June  2007 


Gazette 


ACROSS   THE   CAMPUS 


"stands  for  a  white  suburban  masculinity. 
That's  an  identity,  too,  but  he's  not  asked  to 
intervene  in  racial  problems." 

Starn's  comments  sparked  a  heated  de- 
bate between  academic  panelists  and  two 
sportswriters  about  the  appropriateness  of 
interviewers  asking  Woods  about  issues  of 
race.  The  reporters  argued  that  these  ques- 
tions are  fair  game — "I  think  he's  responsi- 
ble for  his  own  message,"  said  New  York 
Times  sports  columnist  Selena  Roberts,  point- 
ing out  that  Nike's  "I  am  Tiger  Woods"  mar- 
keting campaign  played  off  his  multiracial 
background. 

In  her  own  presentation,  Roberts  de- 
scribed a  side  of  Woods  less  obvious  in  a  vis- 
ible sense,  calling  him  an  "accidental  femi- 
nist" for  his  support  of  LPGA  tour  pro  Annika 
Sorenstam  when  she  played  men's  events 
and  his  statement  that  women  should  be 
allowed  as  members  of  Augusta  National. 
He  has  served  as  a  role  model  for  a  genera- 
tion of  young  golfers,  male  and  female  alike, 
she  said. 

In  other  areas,  Woods'  impact  has  been 
harder  to  gauge,  particularly  within  the 
African-American  community.  Edward 
Wanambwa,  senior  editor  of  African 
American  Golfer's  Digest,  spoke  of  a  sense  of 
pride  in  the  black  community  in  Woods' 
accomplishments:  "There's  this  notion  that 
he's  dominated  the  last  bastion  of  white  su- 
premacy." 

But  Wanambwa  added  that  issues  of  ac- 
cess such  as  the  steep  costs  associated  with 
playing  competitive  junior — and  profes- 
sional— golf  and  the  relative  dearth  of  par- 3 
courses  in  urban  neighborhoods  keep  many 
young  African  Americans  from  connecting 
with  Woods  as  strongly  as  they  do  with,  say, 
young  black  basketball  stars.  Woods  is  cur- 
rently the  only  African  American  on  the 
PGA  tour.  There  are  no  African  Americans 
on  the  LPGA  tour. 


New  Coach  in  Cameron 


J 


oanne  P.  McCallie  has  traded  in  her 
Spartan  helmet  for  a  pair  of  Blue  Devil 
horns.  After  seven  seasons  as  the 
women's  varsity  basketball  coach  at 


Michigan  State  University,  McCallie  heads 
south  to  lead  the  Lady  Devils  squad. 

At  Michigan  State,  she  led  the  Spartans 
to  five  straight  NCAA  Tournament  appear- 
ances, four  straight  twenty-win  seasons,  and 
an  appearance  in  the  NCAA  championship 
game  in  2005.  In  the  2004-05  season,  the 
Spartans  won  a  school-record  thirty-three 
games;  won  a  school-record  fourteen  Big 
Ten  games,  while  sharing  their  second  Big 
Ten  regular-season  championship;  won  their 
first  Big  Ten  Tournament  title;  finished  13- 
0  at  home;  had  a  school-record  seventeen- 
game  winning  streak;  and  beat  thirteen  na- 
tionally-ranked teams,  including  four  teams 
ranked  No.  1,  No.  2  and  No.  3  nationally. 
That  season  she  was  named  National  Coach 
of  the  Year  by  the  Associated  Press,  Basket- 
ball Times,  and  Nike,  as  well  as  being  voted 
Big  Ten  Coach  of  the  Year  by  the  league's 
media.  She  was  also  selected  the  2005  Bas- 
ketball Coaches  Association  of  Michigan 
College  Coach  of  the  Year. 

McCallie  earned  a  bachelor's  degree  in 
political  science  from  Northwestern  Uni- 
versity in  1987,  and  a  master's  in  business 
administration  from  Auburn  University  in 
1990.  As  an  undergraduate,  she  played  varsity 


hoops  all  four  years  and  is  ranked  seventh  in 
Wildcat  history  with  378  career  assists. 

Before  coaching  at  Michigan  State, 
McCallie  spent  eight  years  as  head  coach  at 
the  University  of  Maine,  and  as  an  assistant 
coach  at  Auburn  from  1988  to  1992.  Called 
Coach  P  by  her  players  because  of  her  maid- 
en name,  Palumbo,  McCallie  says  she  and 
her  family  are  "absolutely  thrilled  about  the 
opportunity  to  serve  at  Duke.  This  has  been 
a  dream  job  of  mine  for  many  years.  We  can- 
not wait  to  meet  and  get  to  know  a  team 
that  we  are  so  very  impressed  by  academi- 
cally, as  well  as  athletically." 

McCallie  replaces  Gail  Goestenkors,  who 
left  Duke  after  fifteen  years  to  become  the 
women's  head  coach  at  the  University  of 
Texas  at  Austin.  During  her  final  ten  seasons 
at  Duke,  Goestenkors  led  the  Blue  Devils  to 
annual  NCAA  Tournament  Sweet  Sixteen 
appearances,  seven  Elite  Eight  appearances, 
four  Final  Four  appearances,  and  two 
NCAA  Championship  games.  Goestenkors 
led  Duke  to  an  unprecedented  seven  con- 
secutive thirty-win  seasons  from  2000-01  to 
2006-07.  Her  all-time  coaching  record  after 
fifteen  seasons  was  396-99,  for  a  winning 
percentage  of  80  percent. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Toast  of  the  town:  Loomis. 
center,  surrounded  by  well-wishers 
at  the  Random  House  gala 


UPDATE 


"Where  the  Written  Word  Reigns,"  Duke  Magazine,  April-May  1990 


In  1 990,  Duke  Magazine  explored 
the  publishing  world  through 
the  eyes  of  Robert  Loomis  '49, 
then  thirty-three  years  into  a 
career  as  an  editor  at  Random  House. 
Loomis  had  seen  major  changes  in  the 
industry,  as  companies  merged  and 
advances  paid  to  would-be  authors 
jumped.  He'd  also  edited  some  success- 
ful books;  a  year  and  a  half  earlier,  two 
of  his  authors,  Pete  Dexter  and  Neil 
Sheehan,  had  won  National  Book 


Awards  for  fiction  and  nonfiction, 
respectively — an  unprecedented  feat 
in  editing.  Nine  years  later,  Loomis  was 
again  consulted  for  a  magazine  feature 
that  discussed  the  fate  of  the  book  in 
the  coming  century.  At  the  time,  he  was 
working  on  Edmund  Morris' controver- 
sial Dutch:  A  Memoir  of  Ronald  Reagan. 
The  publishing  industry  continues 
to  evolve,  but  Robert  Loomis,  now 
eighty  years  old,  remains  a  constant.  In 
January,  at  a  black-tie  event  hosted  by 


Picture  This 


It  all  started  with  two  pictures,  taken 
thirty  years  apart.  The  first,  from  1946,  de- 
picts five  crisply  dressed  women,  one  in 
a  pinafore,  another  in  a  suit,  the  rest  in 
shirtwaist  dresses.  They  walk  in  step  in  front 
of  a  West  Campus  arch,  hair  bobbed,  smiles 


the  New  York  Public  Library,  Random 
House  celebrated  Loomis' fifty  years 
with  the  company. 

The  tables  were  decorated  with 
centerpieces  featuring  book  jackets 
from  some  of  his  most  famous  editing 
jobs.  Over  the  course  of  his  career, 
Loomis  has  edited  the  likes  of  William 
Styron  '47 — whose  work  he  had 
previously  redacted  as  a  student  editor 
for  The  Archive,  Duke's  undergraduate  lit- 
erary magazine — Maya  Angelou, 
Shelby  Foote,  and  Jim  Lehrer.  Many  of 
the  writers  who  attended  the  event, 
including  Angelou  and  Lehrer,  praised 
Loomis'skill. 

Retirement,  it  should  be  noted,  is 
not  in  sight.  Among  the  books  Loomis 
is  currently  working  on  are  a  third  vol- 
ume of  Edmund  Morris'  biography  of 
Theodore  Roosevelt  and  a  new  book  by 
Neil  Sheehan — the  same  Neil  Sheehan 
who,  under  Loomis'guidance,  took 
home  that  1988  National  Book  Award 
for  A  Bright  Shining  Lie:  John  Paul  Vann 
and  America  in  Vietnam. 


bright.  They  are  summer-school  students, 
candidates  for  Gargoyle  Beauty  Queen. 

The  second  was  taken  in  1976:  Same  arch, 
different  women.  They  wear  high-waisted, 
flared  pants,  dark  aviator  shades;  one  has  an 
Afro.  Their  loose  and  freewheeling  pose 
suggests  a  different  era.  Four  are  students; 
one  is  an  employee. 


Gazette 


STATE   OF   THE   ARTS 


Claire  Robbins  had  found  a  copy  of  the 
1976  photo  on  her  desk  when  she  first  be- 
gan working  as  a  program  coordinator  at  the 
Women's  Center.  When  Women's  Center 
staff  members  discovered  the  earlier,  strik- 
ingly similar  photo  in  the  university's  ar- 
chives, they  decided  it  was  time  to  update 
these  images  of  women  at  Duke. 

The  Women's  Center  teamed  up  with  the 
Mary  Lou  Williams  Center  for  Black  Cul- 
ture to  organize  a  photography  contest  to 
create  a  2007  version  of  "Five  Women" 
open  to  students  and  faculty  and  staff  mem- 
bers. The  purpose  of  the  contest,  Robbins 
says,  was  to  "celebrate,  visually,  the  diverse 
experiences  of  women  at  Duke." 

In  the  eighteen  entries  submitted — now  on 
view  at  the  Lilly  Library — the  women  de- 
picted are  undergraduates,  medical  students, 
graduate  students,  staff  members.  They  tend 
to  be  dressed  casually,  in  jeans  and  sweaters. 
Most  of  the  photos  are  black  and  white,  like 
the  earlier  ones.  A  few  are  in  color.  Photog- 
rapher Andrea  Coravos,  a  freshman,  writes 
that  her  choice  of  color  helps  to  "amplify 
the  vibrancy  of  the  new  millennium." 

In  Coravos'  photo  and  several  of  the  other 
entries,  the  five  women  selected  are  posed 
in  ways  that  mimic  those  of  the  women  in 
the  earlier  photos,  smiling  and  walking  to- 
ward the  camera.  Other  photographers  played 
with  the  composition.  Matthew  Campbell, 
a  junior,  submitted  a  photo  in  which  his 
subjects  were  walking  toward  him  through 
the  arch.  In  a  second  photo,  he  depicts  them 
walking  away,  still  smiling  and  laughing. 

Women's  accomplishments  are  among 
the  themes  that  recur  in  the  photos  as  the 


Arch  march:  "Five  Women,"  three  generations,  one  architectural  detail 


May-June  2007         15 


Gazette 


STATE   OF   THE   ARTS 


photographers  and  subjects  seek  to  provide 
a  new  image  of  women  at  Duke.  There  is  a 
photo  of  female  medical  students;  a  group  of 
graduate  students  in  the  natural  sciences 
submitted  several  entries. 

Another  common  theme  is  racial  and  eth- 


nic diversity.  Many  of  the  photos  depict  wom- 
en of  different  races.  In  one,  five  flags  are 
draped  behind  five  biology  students  who  all 
come  from  different  countries:  Australia,  Co- 
lombia, France,  Taiwan,  and  the  U.S.  The 
women  are  holding  hands. 

BIBLIO-FILE 


Selections  from  the  Rare  Book,  Manuscript,  and  Special  Collections  Library 


The  2007  San  Francisco  In- 
ternational Antiquarian 
Book  Fair  offered  a  treas- 
ure trove  of  nineteenth- 
century  Southern  fiction.  Twenty-six 
pre-Civil  War  novels  from  the  book  fair 
are  now  available  at  the  Rare  Book,  Man- 
uscript, and  Special  Collections  Library. 
Twenty-three  of  the  twenty-six  titles 
are  first  editions  that  represent  some  of 
the  rarest  and  most  important  works  of 


antebellum  fiction.  Among  the  novels 
are  Johnson  J.  Hoopers  Adventures  of 
Captain  Simon  Suggs  (1845),  William 
Tappan  Thompson's  Chronicles  ofPine- 
ville  (1 845),  Thomas  B.  Thorpe's  Myster- 
ies of  the  Backwoods  (1846),  and  North 
Carolina  author  George  Higby  Throop's 
Bertie  (1851)  and  Nag's  Head:  Or,  Two 
months  among  "The  Bankers"  (1 850). 
Although  many  of  the  novels  are 
comic  or  humorous,  they  also  offer  in- 


sight into  significant  aspects  of  Southern 
life.  The  subjects  of  courtship,  country 
medicine,  and  the  roles  of  African 
Americans  and  women  in  society  are 
all  addressed,  often  accompanied  by 
illustrations  highlighting  those  themes. 
Many  of  the  illustrations  are  by  Phila- 
delphia artist  F.O.C.  Darley  (1 822-1 888), 
whose  work  appeared  frequently  in 
nineteenth-century  novels.  Darley  is 
known  particularly  for  his  illustrations 
of  Charles  Dickens'American  editions. 

Several  of  the  novels  also  have  the 
same  publisher.  The  Philadelphia  firm 
of  Carey  &  Hart  was  receptive  to 
Southern  fiction  and  published  numer- 
ous Southern  novels  in  the  1840s,  when 
the  publishing  industry  was  relying 
increasingly  on  fiction  to  raise  profits. 

These  twenty-six  novels  complement 
substantial  holdings  of  nineteenth- 
century  literary  materials  housed  in  the 
library  and  enrich  its  already  strong  col- 
lections of  Southern  history  and  culture. 

http://library.duke.edu/ 

specialcollections/ 


Robbins,  who  helped  organize  the  contest, 
says  that  the  idea  was  driven,  in  part,  by  the 
depiction  of  Duke  women  in  a  Rolling  Stone 
article  last  year  and  the  discussions  of  the 
ideal  of  "effortless  perfection"  that  came  out 
of  the  Women's  Initiative. 

Many  women  at  Duke  said  they  didn't  see 
themselves  in  those  portrayals,  Robbins  says, 
and  that's  okay.  Though  the  contest  was 
presented  as  updating  the  "image"  of  women 
at  Duke,  the  goal  wasn't  necessarily  to  settle 
on  one  particular  image.  Rather,  she  says,  it 
was  to  "honor  the  fact  that  there's  no  one 
way  to  describe  women  at  Duke." 

Documentaries  for  Posterity 

Documentaries  chronicle  important 
events,  personalities,  and  institu- 
tions. They  tell  stories  previously 
untold.  They  create  a  historical  re- 
cord. But  the  films  themselves  often  suffer 
an  uncertain  fate. 

Some  make  it  into  art  theaters  or  onto 
DVDs,  but  others  travel  the  festival  circuit 
and  then  disappear.  Independent  films  suf- 
fer a  greater  risk  of  disappearing  than  larger- 
budget,  studio-backed  films. 

In  April,  on  the  occasion  of  its  tenth  anni- 
versary and  with  noted  director  Ken  Burns 
in  attendance,  the  Full  Frame  Documentary 
Film  Festival  announced  an  initiative  aimed 
at  preserving  important  works. 

Duke  Libraries  has  agreed  to  create  an  ar- 
chive for  the  festival's  films.  The  2007  edi- 
tion of  the  festival  screened  more  than  100 
films.  Of  the  eighty-two  films  entered  in 
various  competitions,  fourteen  were  award- 
ed prizes;  these  award-winning  films — and 
all  future  award  winners — will  be  slated  for 
the  new  archive. 

This  year's  crop  includes  Full  Frame  Grand 
Jury  Award  winner  The  Monastery,  directed 
by  Pernille  Rose  Gr0nkjaer.  The  film,  which 
also  won  the  Charles  E.  Guggenheim  Emerg- 
ing Artist  Award,  is  a  meditation  on  the 
merging  of  life  and  faith,  documenting  a 
man's  gift  of  his  Danish  castle  to  the  Rus- 
sian Orthodox  Church. 

The  winner  of  the  $5,000  Full  Frame 
President's  Award,  sponsored  by  Duke  and 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Portrait  in  courage:  Full  Frame 
award-winning  film  Lumo 
follows  a  rape  survivor  on  her 
uncertain  road  to  recovery 


given  to  the  best  student  film,  was  Lumo, 
directed  by  Bent-Jorgen  Perlmutt  and  Nelson 
Walker  III.  The  film  tells  the  story  of  Lumo,  a 
young  woman  in  the  Democratic  Republic 
of  the  Congo  who  suffers  from  a  fistula,  a  de- 
bilitating condition  that  arises  from  complica- 
tions that  develop  during  childbirth  (teens 
are  particularly  at  risk),  from  having  sex  at  a 
young  age,  or  from  the  trauma  of  rape. 

Deborah  Jakubs,  the  Rita  DiGiallonardo 
Holloway  University  Librarian  and  vice 
provost  for  library  affairs  at  Duke,  says  the 
launching  of  this  archive  is  "the  fruit  of 
years  of  collaboration  and  planning." 

Duke  Libraries  is  one  of  the  few  university 
libraries  to  archive  documentary  film  festi- 
val winners,  says  Karen  Glynn,  Duke's  visu- 
al materials  archivist.  She  says  the  films  will 
support  student  and  faculty  research  and 
provide  a  resource  to  the  larger  community. 
In  turn,  filmmakers  benefit  from  having 
their  work  recognized,  physically  preserved, 
and  made  accessible  at  no  cost  to  them. 

"For  the  first  time,  these  works  of  art,  which 
chronicle  the  world  in  such  unique  ways, 
will  be  protected  for  generations  to  come," 
says  Nancy  Buirski,  the  festival's  founder, 
CEO,  and  artistic  director. 

An  Ancient  and  Modern  Tale 


work,  however,  he  has  reached  back  in  his- 
tory— to  2700  B.C.E. — to  examine  our  con- 
temporary world. 

"In  troubled  times,  theater  can  be  a  great 
public  forum,"  says  Bell,  an  award-winning 
playwright  and  professor  of  the  practice  in 
the  theater-studies  department.  His  new 
play,  Shadow  of  Himself,  draws  from  an  an- 
cient work,  The  Epic  of  Gilgamesh. 


Bell's  play  premiered  in  Duke's  Sheafer 
Theater  this  spring.  It  uses  Gilgamesh,  an 
epic  poem  that  tells  the  story  of  the  king  of 
Uruk  in  Babylonia,  as  a  springboard  to  ex- 
amine current  issues. 

Thirty  years  ago,  when  he  first  read  the 
poem,  Bell  recalls  that  he  "was  fascinated  at 
its  relevance." 

"At  the  beginning  of  recorded  history, 
humans  were  wrestling  with  the  same  issues 
that  challenge  us  now.  Our  ability  to  delude 
ourselves  goes  all  the  way  back.  What  makes 
the  parallel  even  more  insistent  is  that  the 
story  takes  place  in  the  same  area  of  the 
world  where  we  currently  find  ourselves 
wrestling — in  modern-day  Iraq." 

While  the  play  is  based  on  an  ancient 
tale,  Shadow  of  Himself  is  sprinkled  with  mo- 
dern references  such  as  singles  bars,  speed 
dating,  root  canals,  and  blow-dryers.  The  jux- 
taposition of  contemporary  references  with 
an  old  story  provides  surprise  and  humor. 

Shadow  of  Himself  was  directed  by  Jody 
McAuliffe,  a  professor  of  the  practice  in 
theater  studies. 


N 


eal  Bell  started  writing  plays  in  the 
late  1960s,  so  it's  no  surprise  his 
plays  address  the  human  condition 
in  times  of  turmoil.  In  his  latest 


Gazette 


STATE   OF  THE   ARTS 


On  the  occasion  of  his  50th  reunion  at  Duke,  and  in  honor  of  Raymond  D.  Nasher  '43,  the  late  founder 
and  namesake  of  the  Nasher  Museum,  E.  Blake  Byrne  '57  promised  a  gift  of  thirty-seven  works  of 
contemporary  art  to  the  museum.  The  collection,  which  doubles  the  Nasher's  contemporary  art 
holdings,  includes  works  by  Anthony  Caro,  David  Hammons,  Jasper  Johns,  Sol  Lewitt,  Glenn  Ligon, 
Paul  Pfeiffer,  Thomas  Scheibitz,  Rudolf  Schwartzkogler,  and  Kehinde  Wiley.  It  also  includes  a  chair  made  of  erasers 
by  Gary  Simmons,  known  for  his  chalkboard  drawings,  and  portfolios  of  serial  prints  and  photographs  by  Paul 
McCarthy,  Raymond  Pettibon,  Ed  Ruscha,  and  Hiroshi  Sugimoto. 

The  gift  draws  from  the  collection  that  Byrne,  chair  of  the  Nasher  Museum's  advisory  board,  has  built  over 
the  past  twenty  years.  His  collection  represents  important  artists  of  the  late-twentieth  and  early-twenty-first 
centuries.  Byrne  is  listed  as  one  of  ARTnews  magazine's  top  200  collectors  in  the  world  and  as  one  of  Art  &  Antiques 
magazine's  "100  Top  Collectors  Who  Are  Making  a  Difference." 

Byrne  is  a  longtime  supporter  of  Duke,  and  two  of  the  gallery  spaces  in  the  Nasher  Museum's  Biddle  Pavilion 
are  named  for  the  Byrne  family.  He  also  recently  gave  a  seminal  painting  by  South  African  artist  Marlene  Dumas, 
The  Woman  of  Algiers,  to  the  Nasher  Museum  and  the  Museum  of  Contemporary  Art,  Los  Angeles,  a  gift  shared  by 
the  two  museums.  Byrne  was  instrumental  in  helping  the  museum  purchase  The  uncertain  museum,  a  2004 
installation  by  Danish  artist  Olafur  Eliasson. 

An  exhibit,  "Collected  Identities:  Gifts  from  the  Blake  Byrne  Collection,"on  display  through  September  30, 
features  selections  from  the  gift,  as  well  as  works  on  loan  from  Byrne,  including  those  by  Fred  Wilson  and 
John  Baldessari. 


Honey,  Did  You  Hear  Me? 


New  research  findings  now  online  in 
the  journal  of  Experimental  Social 
Psychology  began  with  a  professor's 
desire  to  understand  why  her  hus- 
band often  seemed  to  ignore  her  requests  for 
help  around  the  house. 

"My  husband,  while  very  charming  in 
many  ways,  has  an  annoying  tendency  of 
doing  exactly  the  opposite  of  what  I  would 
like  him  to  do  in  many  situations,"  says 
Tanya  L.  Chartrand,  an  associate  professor 
of  marketing  and  psychology  at  the  Fuqua 
School  of  Business. 

When  Chartrand  envisioned  an  academic 
study  of  people's  resistance  to  the  wishes  of 
their  partners,  parents,  or  bosses,  her  hus- 
band, Gavan  Fitzsimons,  became  not  only 
her  inspiration,  but  also  her  collaborator. 
Fitzsimons  is  a  professor  of  marketing  and 
psychology  at  Duke  who,  like  Chartrand,  is 
an  expert  in  the  field  of  consumer  psychology. 

Working  with  Duke  graduate  student  Amy 
Dalton,  Chartrand  and  Fitzsimons  studied 
the  principle  of  "reactance,"  defined  as  a  per- 
son's tendency  to  resist  social  influences  that 
they  perceive  as  threats  to  their  autonomy. 
Their  results  suggest  that  people  do  not  ne- 
cessarily oppose  others'  wishes  intentional- 
ly; rather,  that  reactance  occurs  even  at  what 
researchers  call  a  "non-conscious"  level. 

In  one  experiment,  participants  were  asked 
to  name  a  significant  person  in  their  lives 
whom  they  perceived  to  be  controlling  and 
who  wanted  them  to  work  hard.  They  were 
then  asked  to  identify  another  significant 
and  controlling  person  who  wanted  them  to 
have  fun.  Next,  the  participants  were  given 
a  series  of  anagrams  to  solve.  As  they  worked, 
the  name  of  one  or  the  other  of  the  people 
they  named  was  repeatedly  flashed  on  a  com- 
puter screen.  The  name  appeared  just  long 
enough  for  the  subject  to  take  it  in  on  a  sub- 
liminal level. 

People  who  were  exposed  to  the  name  of  a 
person  who  wanted  them  to  work  hard  per- 
formed significantly  worse  on  the  anagram 
task  than  did  participants  who  were  ex- 
posed to  the  name  of  a  person  who  wanted 
them  to  have  fun. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Gazette 


RESEARCH   FRONTIERS 


A  second  experiment  used  a  similar  ap- 
proach to  assess  each  participant's  level  of 
reactance.  People  who  were  more  reactant 
responded  more  strongly  to  the  subliminal 
cues  and  showed  greater  variation  in  their 
performance  than  people  who  were  less  re- 
actant. 

The  researchers  suggest  that  people  who 
tend  to  experience  reactance  when  their 
freedoms  are  threatened  should  try  to  be 
aware  of  situations  and  people  who  draw 
out  their  reactant  tendencies.  Not  surpris- 
ingly perhaps,  Chartrand  and  Fitzsimons 
take  home  slightly  differing  messages  from 
their  experiments. 

Chartrand  says  her  husband  "should  now 
be  better  equipped  to  suppress  his  reactant 
tendencies."  Fitzsimons,  however,  says  the 
results  "suggest  that  reactance  to  significant 
others  is  so  automatic  that  I  can't  possibly 
be  expected  to  control  it  if  I  don't  even  know 
it's  happening." 

faculty.fuqua.duke.edu/blab/ 


New  "Quit-Smoking"  Diet? 


M 


ilk  does  the  body  good — and  may 
help  smokers  break  the  habit,  ac- 
cording to  a  new  Duke  Medical 
Center  study. 
In  what  researchers  say  is  the  first  study  to 
explore  the  taste-altering  effects  of  food  and 
beverages  on  cigarette  palatability,  209  smok- 
ers were  asked  to  name  items  that  worsen  or 
enhance  the  taste  of  cigarettes. 

Smokers  reported  that  consuming  milk, 
water,  fruits,  and  vegetables  worsened  the 
taste  of  cigarettes,  while  consuming  alcohol, 
coffee,  and  meat  enhanced  their  taste,  ac- 
cording to  the  scientists. 

The  findings,  which  appear  in  the  journal 
Nicotine  &  Tobacco  Research,  could  lead  to  a 
"Quit  Smoking  Diet"  or  to  development  of 
a  gum  or  lozenge  that  makes  cigarettes  less 
palatable,  says  lead  study  investigator  Joseph 
McClernon,  an  assistant  research  professor 
of  medical  psychiatry  at  the  Duke  Center 
for  Nicotine  and  Smoking  Cessation  Re- 
search. The  researchers  are  now  looking  at 
the  possibility  of  integrating  the  chemical 


silver  acetate,  which  is  known  to  alter  the 
taste  of  cigarettes,  into  a  gum  or  a  lozenge  to 
help  smokers  quit. 

Still,  researchers  caution  that  any  treatment 
will  not  likely  be  100  percent  effective.  "Every 
deterrent  treatment  requires  willpower,"  says 
Jed  E.  Rose,  the  center's  director  and  a  study 
co-investigator.  "This  approach  alone  will 
not  work.  It  may  make  cigarettes  less  pleas- 
urable, but  ultimately,  if  a  person  is  craving 
a  cigarette,  he  will  start  smoking  again." 

Rose  recommends  that  diet  modifications 
be  used  in  combination  with  standard  nico- 
tine-replacement therapy,  such  as  the  nico- 
tine patch  and  nicotine  gum,  to  help  with 
withdrawal. 

The  researchers  also  say  smokers  of  men- 
thol cigarettes  were  less  likely  to  report  that 
any  foods  or  beverages  alter  the  taste  of  cig- 
arettes, a  finding  that  suggests  menthol  cov- 
ers up  bad  tastes  stemming  from  items  con- 
sumed with  cigarettes. 

http://www.duke.edu/-fjm3/ 
http://www.ntrjournal.org/ 


Grab  Your  Sons  and 
Your  Daughters 


In  the  1970s,  less  than  25  percent  of  mid- 
dle schools  included  sixth  grade.  Now, 
the  figure  is  75  percent  nationwide  and 
90  percent  in  North  Carolina,  which 
has  led  the  trend  toward  middle  schools 
comprising  grades  6-8.  The  shift  took  place 
in  part  because  of  overcrowding,  but  also 


because  educators  believed  it  was  develop- 
mentally  appropriate. 

But  a  new  study  by  researchers  at  Duke 
and  the  University  of  California  at  Berkeley 
has  found  that  sixth-graders  placed  in  mid- 
dle schools  have  more  discipline  problems 
and  lower  test  scores  than  their  peers  who 
attend  elementary  schools.  In  addition,  it 
found  the  negative  effects  of  grouping  sixth- 
graders  with  older  students  are  lasting  and 
persist  at  least  through  ninth  grade. 

"These  findings  cast  serious  doubt  on  the 
wisdom  of  the  historic  nationwide  shift  to 
the  grades  6-8  middle-school  format,"  says 
Philip  J.  Cook,  a  professor  of  public  policy 
and  economics  and  one  of  the  paper's  au- 
thors. 

"What's  been  lacking  in  the  debate  is  any 
real  data  on  how  the  school  configuration 
affects  student  behavior  and  performance," 
Cook  says.  "As  it  turns  out,  moving  sixth 
grade  out  of  elementary  school  appears  to 
have  had  substantial  costs." 

The  researchers  contrasted  sixth-graders 
attending  North  Carolina's  grade  6-8  mid- 
dle schools  with  those  attending  grade  K-6 
elementary  schools.  The  study  data  includ- 
ed 44,709  sixth-graders  in  243  schools  in 
ninety-nine  districts. 

The  sixth-graders  attending  middle  school 
were  more  than  twice  as  likely  to  be  disci- 
plined as  those  attending  elementary  school, 
after  accounting  for  socioeconomic  and 
demographic  differences  in  the  groups.  Drug- 
related  disciplinary  incidents  were  nearly 
four  times  greater  among  the  middle-school 
group.  The  pattern  continued  as  the  sixth- 
graders  advanced  through  the  grades,  sug- 
gesting that  the  problems  were  not  tied 
solely  to  the  transition  to  a  new  school  en- 
vironment. 

In  addition,  sixth-graders  in  elementary 
schools  improved  their  scores  on  end-of- 
grade  exams  in  math  and  reading  relative  to 
their  peers  in  middle  schools,  and  those 
gains  persisted  through  ninth  grade. 

Although  the  study  didn't  pinpoint  the 
causes  for  the  differences,  the  authors  con- 
cluded that  the  6-8  middle-school  structure 
brought  impressionable  sixth-graders  into 
routine  contact  with  older  adolescents  who 
were  a  bad  influence.  Older  adolescents  are 


May-June  2007 


19 


Gazette 


RESEARCH   FRONTIERS 


or  John  Crowell  is  s 
atthe  front  of  a  Hudson  Hall 

classroom,  fielding  questions 
from  his  classmates  about  the 
water  catchment  his  team  is 
designing  to  harvest  rainfall  for  a 
girls' school  in  Muhuru  Bay,  Kenya. 
"Apparently  from  what  I've  read,  the 
water  tastes  better  because  the  calci- 
um is  released  from  the  cement," 
Crowell  explains. 

What  size  tanks  are  you  using?  a 
student  asks.  "1 5,000  gallons."  Will 
the  PVC  pipe  weaken  in  the  sunlight? 
How  are  you  going  to  transport  the 
PVC  to  Kenya?  Crowell  answers  the 
questions,  deftly  switching  back 
and  forth  from  PowerPoint  slides  to 
sketches  of  the  filters  his  team  has 
designed  to  prevent  leaves  from  enter- 
ing the  tanks. 

Crowell's  catchment  system  is  just 
one  of  several  engineering  solutions 
being  developed  in  David  Schaad's 
"Engineering  Sustainable  Design 
and  Construction" course.  Early  on, 
Schaad's  students  separated  into 
groups  that  would  spend  the  rest  of 
the  semester  developing  sustainable 
systems,  including  a  human-powered 
water  aerator  for  shrimp  farms  in 
Indonesia  and  portable  shelters  for 
people  who  lose  their  homes  in 
natural  disasters. 

All  of  the  projects  were  entered  in  a 
national  design  competition  sponsored 
by  the  Environmental  Protection 
Agency's  PJ  (People,  Prosperity  and 
the  Planet)  Competition;  the  water 


aerator  for  shrimp  farms  received  an 
honorable  mention. 

Schaad  Ph.D.  '98,  an  adjunct  assis- 
tant professor  and  assistant  chair  of 
civil  engineering,  spent  years  leading 
similar  projects  in  the  private  sector. 
Since  returning  to  teaching  in  2003,  he 
has  joined  students  on  trips  to  design 
and  install  engineering  solutions  in 
Uganda  and  tsunami-wracked  Indo- 
nesia, and,  over  spring  break  last  year,  he 
led  a  group  of  some  1 50  students  to 
New  Orleans  to  work  for  Habitat  for 
Humanity. 

Schaad's  course  is  a  perfect  reflec- 
tion of  his  personality — entrepreneur- 
ial, practical,  and  service  oriented. 
Until  his  students  worked  on  them,  no 
one  had  developed  the  portable  shel- 
ters, he  points  out,  even  though 
"there's  absolutely  a  need" for  them. 

"That  makes  [the  students' work] 
broader  and  harder,  because,  as  an 
undergraduate,  you're  basically  gener- 
ating new  knowledge,"  he  says. 

Schaad's  E6R 183  students — 
roughly  half  of  whom  signed  up  for  his 
class  after  traveling  to  New  Orleans 
with  him  last  year — say  his  enthusi- 
asm is  contagious.  "I'm  worried  about 
my  grades  in  other  classes  because  all  I 
can  think  about  now  is  designing  the 
trailer,"  says  sophomore  Nick  Millar. 
"Real-life  classes  are  much  more  fun 
than  any  textbook." 


David  Schaad  earned  a  B.A.  degree  in 
physics  and  mathematical  sciences 


from  Denison  University  in  1990,  and 
received  his  M.S.  in  civil  engineering 
from  the  University  of  Colorado  at 
Boulder  in  1991 .  He  then  spent  several 
years  as  a  civil  engineer  before  enter- 
ing the  graduate  civil-engineering  pro- 
gram at  Duke.  In  2003,  after  working  as 
an  engineer  for  five  more  years,  Schaad 
joined  the  Duke  faculty  full  time. 

None 

None 

Identify  an  engineering  problem, 

conduct  community-based  research 

Create  a  conceptual  design  of  the 

engineering  solution 

Refine  conceptual  design  to  create 

preliminary  and  final  designs 

Build,  test,  and  analyze  prototype 

Final  class  presentation 

Enterthe  P3  competition  in  Washington 

Write  critical  reflections  about  the 

learning  process 


-Jared  Mueller '09 


more  rebellious  and  more  involved  in  delin- 
quency, sex,  illicit  drugs,  and  other  activities 
that  violate  school  rules,  the  authors  noted. 
"This  points  to  a  general  pattern  [indicating 
that]  it  is  better  for  kids  to  make  transitions 
later  rather  than  earlier,"  says  Jacob  Vigdor, 


a  co-author  and  associate  professor  of  public 
policy.  "Sixth  grade  is  an  especially  vulnerable 
time,  in  the  sense  that  sixth-graders  display 
a  strong  susceptibility  to  peer  influence." 

www.pubpol.duke.edu/research/papers/ 


Do-lt-Yourselfer,  Beware 


According  to  new  statistics  that  would 
make  Bob  Vila  cringe,  the  number 
of  injuries  from  nail  guns  has  almost 
doubled  since  2001.  And  researchers 
say  that  more  and  more  often  it  is  do-it- 
yourselfers  who  are  feeling  the  pain. 

In  fact,  the  number  of  weekend  carpen- 
ters treated  each  year  for  nail-gun  injuries 
in  emergency  rooms  in  U.S.  hospitals  more 
than  tripled  between  1991  and  2005,  in- 
creasing to  about  14,800  per  year,  according 
to  an  analysis  by  researchers  at  Duke  Medi- 
cal Center  and  the  National  Institute  for 
Occupational  Safety  and  Health. 

Nail  guns  typically  use  compressed  air  to 
drive  nails  into  wood.  First  used  by  con- 
struction workers  and  professional  carpen- 
ters, the  guns  now  are  sold  routinely  in  hard- 
ware stores  and  home-improvement  centers. 

"These  kinds  of  injuries  are  often  seen  as 
bizarre  accidents,  but  they  actually  occur 
fairly  frequently,  and  we  know  quite  a  bit 
about  factors  that  contribute  to  them,"  says 
Hester  Lipscomb,  an  associate  professor  of 
occupational  and  environmental  medicine 
and  author  of  the  report.  She  has  long  stud- 
ied nail-gun  injuries  among  construction 
workers,  but  she  says  this  is  the  first  such 
analysis  of  injuries  among  consumers. 

"The  increases  in  injuries  are  likely  relat- 
ed to  availability  of  these  tools  on  the  con- 
sumer market  and  the  steady  decline  in  the 
costs  of  tools  and  air  compressors,"  Lip- 
scomb says.  The  frequency  of  injuries  to 
professional  workers  has  remained  "rela- 
tively flat,"  she  adds,  but  "the  tools  are  now 
readily  accessible  to  consumers,  extending 
what  has  been  largely  an  occupational  haz- 
ard to  the  general  public." 

For  her  analysis,  Lipscomb  used  data  col- 
lected from  emergency  departments  across 
the  country  by  the  U.S.  Consumer  Product 
Safety  Commission  and  the  Centers  for 
Disease  Control  and  Prevention's  National 
Institute  for  Occupational  Safety  and  Health. 
According  to  this  data,  injuries  to  con- 
sumers and  workers  largely  involve  punc- 
ture wounds  to  the  hands  and  fingers,  with  | 
wounds  to  the  forearms,  wrists,  legs,  and  feet  J 
less  common.  About  96  percent  of  the  in-  i 


20 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


DOING  THE  LOCOMOTION 


t  which  the  energy  expended  to  move  a  given  distance  is  mi 
ay,  he  also  measures  lemurs'  natural  walking  speeds.  He  has  found  that  rii 
iled  lemurs,  like  humans,  use  speeds  that  maximize  efficiency.  His  research 
locomotion  studies.  O'Neill,  a  graduate  student  at  the 


Gazettj 


RESEARCH    FRONTIERS 


jured  consumers  were  male,  with  an  average 
age  of  thirty-five.  The  findings  appear  in  Mor- 
bidity and  Mortality  Weekly  Report,  published 
by  the  CDC. 

Lipscomb  says  that  many  injuries  caused 
by  nail  guns  could  be  prevented  by  using 
tools  that  fire  only  when  the  nose  piece  is 
depressed  before  the  trigger  is  pulled.  These 
guns  have  a  "sequential"  trigger  mechanism 
that  is  designed  to  prevent  rapid,  uninten- 
tional firing.  But  users  seem  to  prefer  tools 
that  allow  them  to  rapidly  "bounce  fire"  nails. 

www.cdc.gov/mmwr 


In  Brief 


if  The  Crown  family  of  Chicago  has  con- 
tributed $5  million  to  Duke  to  support 
scholarships  and  summer  fellowships  for  un- 
dergraduate students.  The  gift  will  provide 
$4  million  in  endowment  for  need-based 
undergraduate  scholarships,  $750,000  in 
endowment  for  undergraduate  summer  fel- 
lowships, and  $250,000  in  endowment  for 
athletic  scholarships. 

V  Earl  H.  Dowell,  William  Holland  Hall 
Professor  of  mechanical  engineering  and 
materials  science,  has  been  awarded  the 
2007  Walter  J.  and  Angeline  H.  Crichlow 
Trust  Prize  by  the  American  Institute  of 
Aeronautics  and  Astronautics.  The  prize, 
presented  every  four  years,  honors  excel- 
lence in  aerospace  materials  and  structural 
design,  analysis,  and  dynamics. 


^  Lindsey  Harding,  a  senior  guard  on 
the  Duke  women's  basketball  team,  was 
named  the  2007  Naismith  Trophy  Wom- 
en's College  Player  of  the  Year.  The  Nai- 
smith Trophy  is  given  annually  to  the 
men's  and  women's  college  players  of  the 
year  and  is  the  most  prestigious  national 
award  in  college  basketball.  Harding  also 
earned  the  player  of  the  year  award  in  the 
Atlantic  Coast  Conference. 

if  Paula  McClain,  a  professor  of  politi- 
cal science,  public-policy  studies,  and  Af- 
rican and  African-American  studies,  has 
been  elected  chair  of  the  faculty's  Aca- 
demic Council.  Effective  July  1,  McClain, 
who  has  been  on  the  faculty  since  2000, 
will  succeed  law  professor  Paul  Haagen 
and  become  the  council's  first  African- 
American  chair. 

V  Noah  Pickus  has  been  named  the  new 
Nannerl  O.  Keohane  Director  of  the  Ke- 
nan Institute  for  Ethics,  effective  July  1. 
Pickus,  previously  the  institute's  associate 
director,  and  interim  director  since  July  1, 
2006,  is  widely  recognized  for  his  scholar- 
ship and  policy  work  on  immigration,  citi- 
zenship, and  national  identity.  He  teaches 
in  the  Terry  Sanford  Institute  of  Public 
Policy  and  the  Fuqua  School  of  Business. 

^  The  board  of  trustees  has  approved 
naming  the  $15.2  million  Center  for 
Athletic  Excellence  for  men's  basketball 
coach  Mike  Krzyzewski.  The  56,000- 
square  foot  center,  now  under  construc- 
tion next  to  Cameron  Indoor  Stadium, 
will  expand  space  for  tutoring,  computer 
resources,  one-on-one  counseling,  and 
team  study  for  Duke's  600-plus  student- 
athletes.  It  will  also  include  two  full- 
court  practice  areas  for  the  men's  and 
women's  basketball  teams,  a  weight  and 
conditioning  room,  a  large  event  gather- 
ing space,  and  an  outdoor  plaza. 

V  Duke  ranked  ninth  in  the  country 
among  colleges  and  universities  in  money 
raised  from  donations  in  2006,  according 
to  the  Council  for  Aid  to  Education's 
annual  Voluntary  Support  of  Education. 
Stanford  University  was  first. 


Eating  in  the  Library 

■  t  was  late  on  a  Saturday  night,  and  Lee 
Cahow  was  stumped.  Duke  Libraries' 
Edible  Book  Festival  was  fast  approach- 
I  ing.  She'd  been  trying  for  days  to  think 
of  an  idea  for  a  book  she  could  make — any 
idea — but  nothing  had  come  to  her. 

Then  inspiration  struck.  Cahow  '76,  who 
works  in  Perkins  Library,  jumped  in  her  car 
and  drove  to  a  nearby  ABC  store.  Entering, 
she  asked  the  cashier  whether  the  store  car- 
ried rye  whiskey  and  was  directed  to  an  aisle 
near  the  back,  where  she  found  two  bottles 
of  yellow-label  Jim  Beam.  She  bought  one. 
The  next  day,  she  spent  an  hour  foraging  in 
a  party  store  for  cake-toppers  in  the  form  of 
baseball  players. 

The  result  of  her  efforts:  a  clear  glass  tum- 
bler holding  a  plastic  figurine  of  a  catcher, 
thigh-deep  in  amber  liquid. 

On  Monday,  Cahow's  "Catcher  in  the  Rye" 
sits  atop  a  table  in  Perkins'  Tower  Reading 
Room.  The  tables  have  been  arranged  in  a 
square,  so  that  festival-goers  can  circle  the 
entries,  giving  each  a  close  inspection. 

This  is  the  second  year  Duke  has  held  the 
festival,  part  of  the  International  Edible 
Book  Festival,  a  larger  movement  started  in 


22 


PUKE  MAGAZINE 


Campus  Observer 


1999  that  has  grown  rapidly  in  popularity 
among  librarians  and  other  book  lovers. 
The  exhibition  at  Duke  doubles  as  a  silent 
auction  to  raise  money  for  a  memorial  fund 
in  honor  of  Debra  Flannery,  a  former  library 
employee.  The  fund  will  go  to  support  staff 
education. 

Beth  Doyle,  a  collections  conservator  and 
the  Duke  festival's  organizer,  has  propped 
her  "Tunnel  of  Love" — a  candy-heart-en- 
crusted book  made  of  large  rectangular 
cookies  with  holes  bored  in  them — on  its 
end.  Just  a  few  minutes  into  the  festival,  it 
tips  and  falls  over.  Doyle  is  unperturbed. 
She  kneels  behind  the  table,  trying  to  prop 
the  book  back  up,  but  soon  gives  up.  "As  a 
preservationist,  I'm  very  interested  in  how 
books  decay,"  she  says,  laying  the  book  on 
its  back.  "This  sort  of  fits  right  in  with  my 
book  falling  over."  (It  is  also  becoming  a 
pattern.  Last  year,  the  cover  of  Doyle's  "Brit- 
tle Book,"  made  of  peanut  brittle,  broke.) 

Viewers  circle  the  tables,  helping  them- 
selves to  an  "offprint"  iced  cookie  from  a 
bowl  next  to  "Tunnel  of  Love"  and  ooh-ing, 
ahh-ing,  and  giggling  over  the  entries.  They 
pass  literal  interpretations  of  famous  titles: 
"Raisin  in  the  Sun"  is  a  sun-shaped  cookie 
covered  in  yellow  icing,  topped  by  a  single 
raisin.  They  read  puns  aplenty.  "Lemony 
Snickers:  A  Series  of  Unfavorable  Tea  Mints," 
consists  of — what  else — Snickers  bars  and 


tea  mints.  And  they  see  entries  they  wish 
they'd  thought  of,  like  "Charlotte's  Web: 
The  Sequel,"  a  Charles  Addams-ish  con- 
coction that  includes  a  web  made  of  choco- 
late frosting,  a  Cheez-Whiz-and-chocolate 
spider,  and  a  pile  of  uncooked  ham. 

While  many  of  the  entries  go  for  the 
quick  punch  line,  others  represent  careful 
attention  to  craft.  Jamie  Bradway,  a  preser- 
vation librarian  at  North  Carolina  State 
University,  created  a  remarkably  real-look- 
ing "Roots,"  using  only  root  vegetables: 
Sweet-potato  cover  boards  enclose  a  piece 
of  rutabaga  carved  to  look  like  pages;  the 
whole  is  tied  together  with  a  licorice  cord. 
As  the  day  wears  on,  the  cover  begins  to 
curl  up  at  the  edges,  loosening  the  licorice, 


a  sort  of  natural  antiquing  effect  as  the 
potato  dries  out. 

A  photographer  circles  along  with  the 
guests,  taking  close-ups  of  each  entry.  He 
asks  Judy  Bailey  if  he  can  put  her  entry, 
"The  Scarlet  Letters,"  handmade  sugar 
cookies  iced  in  scarlet  that  spell  out  the 
title,  on  the  floor  to  get  a  better  shot.  She 
consents. 

Bailey,  who  is  known  among  her  col- 
leagues at  the  Vesic  Library  for  Engineering, 
Math,  and  Physics  for  her  homemade  des- 
serts, is  also,  it  turns  out,  a  prolific  edible- 
book  maker.  Beside  "The  Scarlet  Letters" 
are  two  other  Bailey  creations:  "Farenheit 
451,"  a  thermometer-shaped  cake;  and  "Tail 
of  Peter  Rabbit,"  a  globe-shaped  cake  heav- 
ily frosted  with  white  icing  to  look  like  a 
fluffy  bunny  tail. 

Over  in  a  corner  of  the  room,  Lee  Cahow 
is  explaining  to  Bailey  how  she  only  came 
up  with  "Catcher  in  the  Rye"  at  the  last 
minute.  The  catcher,  she  notes,  is  not  ex- 
actly edible;  neither,  strictly  speaking,  is  the 
rye.  "It's  more  of  a  potable,"  Cahow  says. 
Still,  she's  proud  of  her  creation. 

Bailey  had  no  such  shortage  of  ideas.  In 
fact,  she  says,  "there's  a  half  a  dozen  more" 
that  she's  got  on  her  mind  but  didn't  get  a 
chance  to  make  this  year.  Any  hints?  "I'm 
not  going  to  tell  you,"  she  says.  "That's  the 
surprise  element." 

Doyle,  busy  mingling  with  other  book- 
makers, predicts  some  excitement  for  the 
3:30  awarding  of  the  silent  auction's  win- 
ners and  the  impromptu  eating  that  might 
follow.  "We  did  consume  a  lot  last  year,"  she 
says,  glancing  warily  at  "Soul  Food,"  a  row 


May-June  2007 


23 


Q&A 


of  book  spines  constructed,  perhaps  last 
night,  out  of  cold  cuts  and  cheddar  cheese. 
"I  was  kind  of  shocked.  Librarians  will 
eat  anything." 

A  table  of  refreshments  not  shaped 
like  anything  in  particular  was  emptied 
fast,  and  spectators  stand  around  eyeing 
the  tastiest-looking  entries. 

"There's  not  enough  chocolate,"  one 
bidder  says  as  she  goes  to  take  another 
longing  look  at  "The  Dirt  She  Ate,"  a  tray 
of  chocolate  cupcakes  topped  with  crushed 
Oreos  that's  a  leading  contender  for  most 
bids.  For  the  uninitiated,  there's  a  note 
stating  that  the  real  The  Dirt  She  Ate  is  a 
book  by  Minnie  Bruce  Pratt,  a  poet,  ac- 
tivist, and  scholar  whose  papers  were 
recently  acquired  by  the  Sallie  Bingham 
Center  for  Women's  History  and  Culture. 

Across  the  room,  library  assistant  Jerry 
Morris  M.Div.  '70  sits  quietly,  arms  fold- 
ed, keeping  his  eye  on  "Million  Dollar 
Babies,"  a  chocolate  cake  that  his  wife, 
Janie,  a  research  services  librarian,  had 
professionally  screened  with  icing  photo- 
graphs of  their  three  grandchildren. 

Tom  Hadzor,  director  of  library  devel- 
opment, and  Deborah  Jakubs,  Rita  Di- 
Giallonardo  Holloway  University  Librar- 
ian and  vice  provost  for  library  affairs, 
make  a  circuit  of  the  tables  together, 
writing  down  their  final  bids.  "You  have 
any  idea  who's  taking  this  one  home?" 
Hadzor  asks,  pausing  in  front  of  "Million 
Dollar  Babies"  and  casting  a  grin  at 
Morris. 

"I  don't  have  any  idea,"  Morris  says.  "I 
just  have  instructions."  His  instructions 
are,  of  course,  to  bring  it  home  at  any  cost. 

Shortly  after  3:30,  Doyle  announces  the 
winners  of  the  silent  auction.  When  the 
winner  of  the  cupcakes  is  announced, 
there  are  loud  cheers  and  someone  shouts 
out,  "Are  you  sure  you  want  all  of  those?" 

At  the  end  of  the  day,  they've  raised 
$223.  "Soul  Food,"  which  Doyle  bid  on, 
remains  intact,  though  some  of  the  meat- 
and-cheese  books  are  beginning  to  lean. 
Very  little  is  eaten  on  the  spot,  but  there 
is  talk  of  going  to  hunt  down  the  cupcake 
winner  in  her  office. 

— Jacob  Dagger 


Learning  From  Mistakes 

Henry  Petroski  sees  opportunity  in  catastro- 
phe and  all  the  small  mistakes  along  the 
way. The  Aleksandar  S.Vesic  Professor  of 
civil  engineering  and  a  professor  of  history 
at  Duke,  Petroski  has  studied  and  written 
about  failure  analysis  and  design  theory  for 
more  than  twenty  years-exploring  the  ways 
that  engineering  failures  lead  inventors  to 
improve  on  the  mistakes  of  earlier  genera- 
tions. He's  also  known  for  his  histories  of 
everyday  objects,  including  the  pencil,  the 
paper  clip,  and  the  zipper.  His  latest  book, 
Success  through  Failure:  The  Paradox  of 
Design,  based  on  a  series  of  lectures  he 
gave  at  Princeton  University  in  2004,  covers 
a  familiar  theme. 

How  do  you  define  the  terms  failure  and  suc- 
cess with  respect  to  design? 

Usually  a  design  has  stated  goals.  Success 
is  when  the  design  satisfies  those  goals. 
And  failure  is  when  it  doesn't.  A  failure 
doesn't  have  to  be  an  absolute  collapse. 

In  your  latest  book,  you  talk  about  some 
catastrophic  collapses:  the  destruction  of  the 
Tacoma  Narrows  Bridge  in  1940;  the  fall 
of  the  World  Trade  Center  towers  in  2001 . 
Can  you  give  an  example  of  how  a  design 
might  fail  less  spectacularly? 

Frank  Gehry,  the  architect,  designed  the 
Disney  concert  hall  in  Los  Angeles. 
Aesthetically,  it's  a  great  success.  But  one 
corner  of  the  [polished  stainless-steel] 
building  reflected  sunlight  into  a  condo- 
minium complex  across  the  street  that  was 
blinding  and  also  heated  up  the  condo- 
miniums by  fifteen  degrees.  That  would  be 
an  example  of  something  generally  work- 
ing, but  there's  this  unintended  conse- 
quence. You  could  say  that  in  the  ideal 
world,  that  would  have  been  anticipated. 
And  in  the  future,  it's  another  thing  that 
designers  will  note  what  not  to  do. 


Is  there  such  a  thing  as  absolute  success  in 
terms  of  design,  or  is  there  always  something 
that  can  be  improved? 

I  believe  there's  always  something  that  can 
be  improved.  Look  at  the  patent  system. 
We  keep  getting  more  patents  issued,  and 
if  you  read  a  lot  of  those  patents,  they're 
really  improvements  on  prior  patents, 
prior  designs.  When  people  design  some- 
thing, even  if  it's  a  big  team  [doing  the 
designing],  they  tend  to  develop  a  tunnel 
vision.  They're  looking  toward  a  specific 
goal.  Sometimes  they  focus  on  it  so  much 
that  they  forget  things  that  later  seem  sort 
of  obvious.  It's  easy  to  be  a  critic.  But  when 
a  flawed  design  is  out  there  for  others  to 
criticize,  that's  what  they'll  do. 

And,  according  to  your  book,  that  criticism 
leads  to  improvement? 

Right. 

Has  "failure"  led  to  success  in  your  own  work? 

I  think  I've  learned  a  lot  about  writing 
from  editors  who  have  basically  criticized 
what  I've  written  or  edited  it  or  changed 
it.  I'll  ask,  "Why'd  you  do  that?"  And  very 
often  you  can  have  a  dialogue  with  an  edi- 
tor, and  he  gives  a  reason  that's  quite  good. 
If  you  don't  get  your  ego  caught  up  in  it, 
you  learn  and  you  get  better. 

How  did  you  begin  studying  failure  analysis? 

When  I  wrote  my  first  book  [To  Engineer  Is 
Human:  The  Role  of  Failure  in  Successful 
Design,  1985],  my  real  intention  was  to  un- 
derstand what  engineering  is.  I  had  been 
teaching  engineering,  I  had  worked  as  an 
engineer,  and  I  was  registered  as  a  profes- 
sional engineer.  But  I  still  thought  that, 
philosophically,  I  wasn't  sure  what  it  was. 
People  outside  of  engineering  would  say, 
"Do  you  engineers  really  understand  what 
you're  doing?"  There  were  these  plane 
crashes,  there  was  Three  Mile  Island,  there 
were  other  accidents  happening.  [So  this 
was  a]  fair  question.  It  got  me  started 
thinking  about  failure.  If  engineers  really  do 
understand  what  they  are  doing,  how  can 
you  explain  the  fact  that  failures  occur? 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


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The  pre?Tiise  o/  that  /irst  book — the  idea  that 
designs  will  inewtabty  fail  and  that  success  can 
come  as  a  result  of  learning  from  mistakes — is 
very  similar  to  that  of  Success  through  Failure, 
which  was  published  in  2006.  How  has  your  un- 
derstanding  of  engineering  and  the  design  pro- 
cess changed  over  that  span  of  twenty -plus  years! 

In  my  first  book,  I  concentrated  almost 
exclusively  on  structural  engineering — 
bridges,  cathedrals.  Even  when  I  talked 
about  children's  toys,  they  were  structural 
issues,  like  whether  they  were  strong 
enough  and  why  they  broke.  Since  that 
time,  I've  come  to  think  in  more  broad 
terms,  not  only  about  structural  engineer- 
ing, but  also  about  ideas  of  success  and 
failure  in  systems  and  in  products.  Not 
just,  "Is  something  strong  enough?"  but 
"Does  it  work  the  way  it  was  intended?" 
In  the  book  I  talk  about  medicine  bot- 
tles. You  go  to  the  drugstore  and  you  get  a 
prescription  filled,  and  it's  in  this  contain- 
er with  a  cap  you  have  to  push  down  and 
twist  [to  open].  These  things  became 
required  when  a  lot  of  children  were  dying 
of  overdoses  of  medicine  that  they  weren't 
supposed  to  be  having  access  to.  The  idea 
was,  let's  make  child-resistant  packaging — 
simple  as  that.  But  sometimes  you  can 
make  something  almost  too  good,  and  it 
turned  out  that  a  lot  of  older  people  and 
arthritic  people  couldn't  open  these  pack- 


ages, so  they  would  ask  somebody  to  open 
them  for  them,  and  if  they  did  get  them 
open,  they'd  leave  them  open.  So  these 
older  people  would  leave  open  medicine 
bottles  all  around,  and  their  grandchildren 
would  come  and  visit  them — same  thing 
was  happening.  This  is  not  only  a  question 
of  a  machine  working — or  a  design,  if  you 
will.  But  it's  got  to  do  with  federal  regula- 
tion and  federal  mandates.  It's  got  to  do 
with  questions  of  interaction  of  technolo- 
gy and  society,  public  policy,  etc. 

When  you're  studying  the  evolution  of  specific 
objects,  like  medicine  bottles,  what  kind  of 
sources  are  you  looking  at? 

A  lot  of  it  is  from  patent  literature.  Patents 
provide  several  things.  One  is  that  they 
define  the  state  of  the  art  when  they  were 
written.  The  terminology  is  "prior  art."  It 
means,  what's  for  sale  today.  And  then  the 
patent  goes  on,  usually,  to  criticize  it  and 
point  out  all  its  faults  and  failings.  And 
basically  the  inventor  says,  "I've  got  a  bet- 
ter idea."  Sometimes  the  patents  go  into 
wonderful  detail  and  comparative  detail. 
That  becomes  a  principal  source. 

But  then  [I  also  use]  the  thing  itself. 
You  can  buy  different  kinds  of  paper  clips, 
different  kinds  of  pins  and  needles.  Very 
often,  how  they're  advertised,  how  they're 
packaged  also  provides  hints.  It  sometimes 


explains  explicitly  why  this  was  invented 
or  developed. 

You've  taken  on  the  pencil,  the  paper  clip, 
and  the  zipper  in  previous  works.  Are  there 
any  other  objects  that  you're  looking  at  now? 

Yes.  In  fact  I'm  reading  proofs  for  my  next 
book,  which  is  called  The  Toothpick.  This 
was  actually  supposed  to  be  a  chapter  in 
Success  through  Failure,  and  I  was  feeling 
pretty  good  about  it.  But  then  when  I 
stepped  back  and  looked  at  it,  I  said,  "Boy, 
I  don't  really  understand  the  history  of  this 
thing,"  and  I  had  a  hunch  that,  "I'll  bet 
you  it's  an  interesting  story."  And  it  turns 
out  that  it  is. 

The  opening  chapter  is  titled  "The  Oldest 
Habit."  Basically  anthropologists  have 
found  fossilized  teeth  almost  two  million 
years  old  that  have  curious  grooves,  striated 
grooves.  And  the  speculation  is  that  these 
were  caused  by  the  use  of  toothpicks  that 
were  very  abrasive,  and  that  were  used  over 
an  extended  period  of  time.  Some  anthro- 
pologists have  conducted  actual  experi- 
ments and  have  reproduced  these  grooves. 

It  seems  like  you  have  a  never  ending  supply 
of  subjects  to  write  about. 

I  haven't  run  out  of  ideas  yet. 

— ]acob  Dagger 


May-June  2007 


hat  were  the  lacrosse  players 
thinking  about  as  they  raced 
onto  the  field,  in  late  Febru- 
ary, for  the  first  game  of  the 
new  season?  This  should  have 
been  a  season  like  any  other 
season.  And  yet,  invariably, 
they  knew,  it  would  be  a  sea- 
son like  no  other.  The  crowd 
of  6,000 — some  ten  times  larg- 
er than  normal — left  no  doubt  as  to  their 
sentiments.  T-shirts,  jackets,  and  wristbands 
offered  less-than-reticent  messages:  "Duke 
lacrosse,  no  opponents,  just  victims";  "Free 
the  Duke  3";  "Innocent  until  proven  inno- 
cent"; and  "Fantastic  lies,"  that  last  line 
borrowed  from  one  of  the  indicted  players. 

Over  Reunions  Weekend  in  mid- April,  la- 
crosse drew  an  equally  large  and  enthusiastic 
crowd.  With  the  game  in  overtime,  a  Duke 
midfielder  pumped  in  the  winning  goal.  As 
the  tans  cheered,  players  swarmed  the  win- 
ning scorer,  exuberant  at  having  captured  the 
regular-season  conference  championship. 

There  was,  of  course,  another  reason  for 
the  exuberance.  Just  days  before,  the  team, 
and  the  university,  had  welcomed  the  end 
of  a  yearlong  nightmare.  At  a  press  confer- 
ence in  Raleigh's  RBC  Center,  North  Car- 
olina Attorney  General  Roy  Cooper  had 
uttered  the  long-awaited  "I"  word.  He  de- 
clared three  former  lacrosse  players — David 
Evans  '06,  Collin  Finnerty,  and  Reade  Selig- 
mann — innocent  of  all  charges. 

Last  spring,  the  three  white  men  had  been 
charged  with  raping  an  African-American 
woman  hired  to  perform  as  an  exotic  dancer 
at  an  off-campus  team  party.  The  story  quickly 
exploded  into  a  media  firestorm,  fanned  by 
Durham  District  Attorney  Michael  B.  Ni- 
fong,  who  was  seeking  election  while  serv- 
ing out  the  unexpired  term  of  his  predecessor. 
Eventually,  Nifong's  case  began  to  crumble. 
Media  accounts  pointed  to  the  accuser's 
changing  stories,  a  lineup  that  violated  stand- 
ard police  procedures,  the  mishandling  of 
exculpatory  DNA  test  results,  and  Nifong's 
refusal  to  examine  photographs  and  phone 
records  that  appeared  to  contradict  the  ac- 
cusations. 

Facing  increasing  criticism  over  the  shape 
of  his  prosecution  and  an  investigation  by 

26         DUKE  MAGAZINE 


ONE 
YEAR 

LATER 


Like  other  universities  that 
have  endured  consuming 
crises  and  intense  media 
scrutiny,  Duke,  in  grappling 
with  lacrosse,  has  struggled 
against  the  widespread 
stereotyping  and  simplifying 
of  a  complex  case. 

the  State  Bar,  Nifong  handed  the  case  over 
to  Cooper.  After  his  own  three-month 
investigation,  the  attorney  general  pointed 
to  prosecutorial  overreaching,  "a  tragic  rush 
to  accuse  and  a  failure  to  verify  serious  alle- 
gations." He  added,  "There  were  many  points 
in  this  case  where  caution  would  have 
served  better  than  bravado.  But  with  the 
rush  to  condemn,  the  community  and  the 
state  lost  the  ability  to  see  clearly." 

But  while  those  allegations  endured,  Duke 
was  a  campus  trying  to  get  beyond  a  crisis. 
And  like  other  universities  that  have  been 
subjected  to  intense,  and  unwelcome,  atten- 
tion— from  Stanford,  roiled  by  questions 
about  the  integrity  of  the  research  enter- 
prise, to  the  University  of  Colorado,  charged 
with  athletic-recruiting  excesses — Duke 
has  seen  itself  narrowly  and  inexorably  de- 
fined by  a  single  incident. 

Over  the  past  year,  the  university  has 
been  the  target  of  unrelenting  scrutiny  and 
scathing  criticism — externally,  from  media 
ranging  from  The  Wall  Street  Journal  to  Fox 
News,  which,  the  day  after  the  exoneration 
of  the  players,  broadcast  its  morning  news 


By  Robert  J.  Bliwise 


show  from  the  Bryan  Center  parking  lot; 
and  internally,  from  faculty  members,  alum- 
ni, and  parents.  In  letters  and  online  post- 
ings, critics  said  that  university  officials 
should  have  spoken  up  for  the  innocence  of 
the  students  more  forcefully.  They  disputed 
the  decisions  to  ask  for  the  resignation  of 
the  former  coach,  cancel  the  lacrosse  sea- 
son, and  suspend  the  indicted  students. 

Administrators  responded  by  pointing  to 
the  need  for  a  program  consumed  in  contro- 
versy to  make  a  fresh  start;  to  the  awkward 
symbolism  of  playing  lacrosse  in  the  midst 
of  such  serious  charges;  and  to  the  policy, 
well-established  at  Duke  and  in  higher  edu- 
cation in  general,  that  students  who  face 
felony  charges,  especially  those  involving 
violence,  should  be  suspended,  in  part  for 
their  own  safety.  (Among  the  messages  from 
protesters  was  one  calling  for  the  castration 
of  the  players,  and  at  least  one  of  the  indicted 
students  reportedly  received  a  death  threat 
in  the  courtroom.) 

Law  professor  James  Coleman,  praised  by 
all  sides  for  his  conscientious  leadership  of 
last  spring's  investigation  of  the  off-field 
behavior  of  lacrosse  players,  says  some  of 
the  criticism  of  the  university's  stance  fails 
to  recognize  legal  realities — or  the  workings 
of  a  campus.  Had  university  officials  decid- 
ed that  students  caught  up  in  a  rape  investi- 
gation presented  no  danger  to  the  commu- 
nity and  so  were  not  subject  to  suspension, 
Duke  parents  would  have  been  justified  in 
questioning  the  administration's  apparent 
lack  of  concern  for  campus  safety,  he  says. 

Beyond  that,  he  says,  university  interven- 
tion would  have  complicated  the  legal  in- 
vestigation that  ultimately  cleared  the  in- 
dicted players.  "It  was  really  important  that 
the  university  not  be  seen  as  actively  advo- 
cating for  these  students."  It  needed  to  be 
clear  that  the  legal  resolution  came  from  an 
objective  review  of  the  facts,  not  a  per- 
ceived exertion  of  influence,  he  says.  Duke's 
institutional  advocacy  in  the  case  "would 
have  made  it  very  difficult  for  the  [North 
Carolina]  bar  to  intervene  in  the  case  as  it 
did.  Without  that,  you  wouldn't  have  had  a 

Illustrations  by  Brian  Hubble 


special  prosecutor.  And  without  the  special 
prosecutor,  you  wouldn't  have  had  the  in- 
vestigation." The  attorney  general  did  the 
right  thing  in  a  legal  sense,  Coleman  says, 
but  Cooper  also  had  to  think  about  public 
opinion.  "Is  the  public  going  to  accept  the 
decision  as  being  a  decision  on  the  merits, 
or  is  the  public  going  to  think  that  this  is 
Duke  University  in  effect  buying  off  the  jus- 
tice system?" 

Still,  the  administration  wasn't  as  sure- 
footed as  it  might  have  been,  Coleman  says. 
The  first  stories  in  the  media  said  that  the 
players  weren't  cooperating  with  the  police 
investigation.  "We  knew  that  was  false;  some- 
body was  intentionally  lying  about  what 
was  going  on.  And  that  should  have  caused 
us  to  be  concerned.  And  somebody  should 
have  been  quoted  as  saying,  'That's  abso- 
lutely not  true.'  "  (The  university's  first  state- 
ment on  the  incident  said,  "Duke  Univer- 
sity is  monitoring  the  situation  and  cooper- 
ating with  officials,  as  are  the  students." 
Coleman  believes  that  the  point  about  stu- 
dent cooperation  could  have  been  made 
more  adamantly.  "The  university  sent  out  a 
press  release.  But,  nobody  stood  before  the 
cameras  or  before  the  reporters  and  at- 
tached his  name  to  the  statement.  A  lot  was 
made  of  the  so-called  wall  of  silence;  in  fact, 
there  was  no  such  wall.  This  was  not  a  mat- 
ter of  advocacy,  but  one  of  accuracy  and 
effective  communication  of  the  facts.") 

"So  the  question  is,  are  there  other  facts 
that  we  could  have  put  out,  not  as  advocacy 
but  simply  to  be  part  of  the  record?  Because 
reporters  failed  in  this  case,  too.  They  didn't 
do  reporting.  It's  possible  that  if  we  had  put 
out  more  facts,  particularly  in  the  begin- 
ning, that  might  have  changed  the  nature 
of  the  story,  and  it  might  have  prevented 
some  of  the  verbal  attacks  that  were  being 
made  on  these  students." 

The  presumption  of  innocence  was  artic- 
ulated in  the  first  statement,  last  spring, 
from  President  Richard  H.  Brodhead,  and 
repeated  dozens  of  times.  When  he  an- 
nounced the  suspension  of  the  lacrosse  sea- 
son, he  said:  "While  we  await  the  results  of 
the  investigation,  I  remind  everyone  that 
under  our  system  of  law,  people  are  pre- 
sumed innocent  until  proven  guilty.  One 
deep  value  the  university  is  committed  to  is 
protecting  us  all  from  coercion  and  assault. 
An  equally  central  value  is  that  we  must 
not  judge  each  other  on  the  basis  of  opinion 
or  strong  feeling  rather  than  evidence  of 
actual  conduct." 

As  he  looks  back  now,  Brodhead  says,  "I 
am  flabbergasted  to  re-read  the  statements 
that  came  from  the  district  attorney's  mouth 

28         DUKE  MAGAZINE 


and  the  extraordinary  degree  of  certainty  [of 
guilt]  that  they  suggested,  at  the  time  when 
he  was  the  only  person  with  access  to  the 
evidence  in  the  case.  Something  I  see  in  so 
much  commentary  about  this  matter  now  is 
people  acting  as  if  everybody  could  have 
known  at  the  beginning  of  the  story  what 
people  did  know  at  the  end  of  the  story.  But 
that's  just  not  so." 

If,  as  Coleman  says,  the  media  failed,  it 
wasn't  through  lack  of  coverage.  By  the  time 
the  case  was  finally  resolved,  the  phrase 
"Duke  lacrosse  scandal"  was  producing  up  to 
967,000  page  results  on  search  engines  and 
had  earned  its  own  Wikipedia  entry.  Accord- 
ing to  figures  compiled  by  Raleigh's  News  & 
Observer,  The  New  York  Times  produced  151 
articles  about  the  case.  It  was  discussed  inces- 
santly on  CNN's  Nancy  Grace  show.  CBS's 
60  Minutes  featured  the  players  and  their 
parents  in  three  broadcasts,  each  of  which 
drew  as  many  as  25  million  viewers. 

Those  numbers  show  the  public's  fixation 
on  the  case.  And  behind  the  numbers  was 
the  media's  eagerness  to  embrace  a  com- 
pelling narrative — to  the  point  of  ignoring 
inconvenient  complexities.  The  coverage 
by  the  venerable  New  York  Times,  for  exam- 
ple, was  driven  by  a  narrative  of  privileged 
whites  abusing  poor  black  women,  accord- 
ing to  former  Times  reporter  Stuart  Taylor, 
who  now  writes  for  the  National  Journal  and 
Newsweek.  Among  other  things,  the  Times  re- 
ferred to  "largely  consistent  accounts"  from 
the  accuser,  an  assessment  that  hardly  ac- 
cords with  other  findings,  while  glossing 
over  exculpatory  DNA  tests.  After  the  ex- 


oneration  of  the  students,  one  letter  writer 
pointedly  said  that  the  paper  should  "report 
to  us,  its  loyal  readers,  as  to  how  it  con- 
tributed or  did  not  contribute  to  this  mis- 
carriage of  justice." 

There  may  be  no  parallel  to  the  amount 
and  kind  of  attention  directed  at  Duke  during 
the  lacrosse  episode.  But  other  universities 
have  also  had  to  learn  harsh  lessons  about 
media  failings  the  hard  way.  Back  in  the 
1990-91  academic  year,  questions  of  finan- 


cial improprieties  evolved  into  a  media  mael- 
strom that  consumed  Stanford  University. 
The  media  fed  off  the  story  for  months,  in  ac- 
counts that  were  simplistic  and  sensational. 
Stanford's  problems  began  when  a  repre- 
sentative from  the  Office  of  Naval  Research 
accused  the  university  of  improperly  account- 
ing for  indirect  costs,  the  overhead  costs  as- 
sociated with  research  contracts.  The  presi- 
dent at  the  time,  Donald  Kennedy,  says  he 
learned  too  late  that  the  university  had  cre- 


At  Stanford,  another  campus  that  drew  huge  media  scrutiny, 

"We  were  struggling  against  a  series  of  revelations  that  were  made  to 

look  outrageous,"  says  its  former  president,  Donald  Kennedy. 


ated  what  became,  in  essence,  memorable 
symbols  of  excess.  Media  accounts  referred 
to  a  "presidential  yacht"  and  to  a  Jacuzzi  in- 
stalled in  a  sailboat  kept  afloat  by  taxpayers. 
During  Congressional  hearings,  as  he  de- 
scribes in  his  book  Academic  Duty,  Stanford 
was  accused  of  using  government  funds  to  pur- 
chase a  $12,000  pair  of  urns,  a  $1,600  show- 
er curtain,  and  a  $1,200  Italian  fruitwood 
commode  for  the  presidential  residence. 

"We  were  struggling  against  a  series  of 
revelations  that  were  made  to  look  outra- 
geous," recalls  Kennedy,  now  a  Stanford 
professor  of  environmental  science.  A  basic 
narrative  of  greed  couldn't  accommodate 
the  complexities  of  government  reimburse- 
ment formulas.  As  Kennedy  puts  it  in  his 
book,  "The  political  climate  in  which  the 
university  had  to  sail  for  the  next  months 
was  thus  established  not  by  the  major  issues 
surrounding  indirect-cost  policy  but  by  the 
carefully  crafted  public  impression  that  at 
Stanford  we  were  living  high  at  public  ex- 
pense. Such  impressions  are  difficult  to  re- 
verse; once  newspapers  have  learned  some- 
thing, they  can't  unlearn  it." 

Outrageous  or  not,  the  fixation  over  re- 


search funds  became  the  lens  through  which 
the  media  saw  any  news  out  of  Stanford.  A 
New  York  Times  story  about  the  odd  private 
life  of  a  physician  at  the  Stanford  Children's 
Hospital,  written  around  the  same  time,  re- 
ferred to  "an  additional  embarrassment  for 
Stanford,  which  already  faces  the  loss  of 
millions  of  dollars  in  federal  money  for 
items  like  furniture  and  flowers  for  the  home 
of  its  president,  Donald  Kennedy." 

When  the  ABC  news  program  20/20  aired 
a  segment  called  "Your  Tax  Dollars  at  Work," 
the  Stanford  story  reached  a  low  point.  The 
broadcast  was  more  hostile  than  illuminat- 
ing, Kennedy  says,  when  it  reported  on  the 
most  sensational  aspects — including  allega- 
tions that  the  Stanford  overcharges  could 
be  as  high  as  $200  million — two  weeks 
before  the  Congressional  hearings.  He  says 
its  lead  correspondent,  in  private  conversa- 
tion, expressed  embarrassment  about  the 
coverage,  but  for  the  cameras,  he  took  on 
the  persona  of  offended  inquisitor. 

Stanford  was  vindicated  in  the  end  by  the 
government.  But  almost  invariably,  such 
"vindications  are  never  given  the  kind  of  at- 
tention that  the  original  scandal  receives," 
according  to  Kennedy. 

Kennedy's  struggle  to  preserve  Stanford's 
reputation  came  at  a  high  personal  cost.  "It 
became  apparent  to  me  that  it  was  getting 
harder  to  get  things  done."  He  had  become 
a  lightning  rod.  So  he  announced  his  plan 
to  resign.  "I  think  in  some  really  important 
respects,  the  university  and  I  were  both 
treated  pretty  unfairly,"  he  says.  "But  you 
can't  wring  your  hands  over  that  sort  of 
thing  for  very  long.  I  worried  for  a  while 
about  whether  the  university  was  going  to 
be  all  right.  We  turned  out  to  be  fine." 

The  media  coverage  of  the  Duke  la- 
crosse incident  revealed  more  than 
the  seductiveness  of  a  storyline;  it  also 
revealed  a  reflexive  reaching  for  stereo- 
types, notably,  stereotypes  surrounding  col- 
lege athletes.  In  his  State  of  the  University 
address  during  Reunions  Weekend  in  April, 
Brodhead  told  alumni  that  he  hoped  the 
lacrosse  team  would  become  known  for  its 
volunteer  work  with  the  local  Ronald 
McDonald  House,  which  caters  to  critically 
ill  children  and  their  families.  But  a  year  ago, 
as  suggested  by  protests  on  campus  and  out- 
side the  Buchanan  Boulevard  house  where 
the  lacrosse  team's  party  took  place,  and  by 
the  distribution  of  "Wanted"  fliers  with  the 
faces  of  team  members,  many  were  quick  to 
equate  lacrosse  with  criminal  behavior. 

Just  weeks  after  the  lacrosse  party,  New 
York  Times  sports  columnist  Selena  Roberts 

May-June  2007         29 


referred  to  "a  group  of  privileged  players  of 
fine  pedigree  entangled  in  a  night  that 
threatens  to  belie  their  social  standing  as 
human  beings."  She  went  on  to  claim  that 
team  members  had  observed  a  "code  of 
silence" — a  claim  that  turned  out  to  be  un- 
founded— and  likened  them  to  "drug  deal- 
ers and  gang  members  engaged  in  an  anti- 
snitch  campaign." 

The  faculty  investigation  led  by  the  law 
school's  James  Coleman  painted  a  different 
picture.  As  Coleman  says,  many — including 
some  university  officials — were  surprised  at 

According  to  one  observer  of  the 
University  of  Colorado  football  scan- 
dal— which  turned  out  to  be  not  much 
of  a  scandal— "Headlines,  not  evi- 
dence, were  creating  guilt." 

his  committee's  findings  that  rumors  of  bad 
behavior  didn't  accord  with  the  facts.  "We 
talked  with  people  in  the  neighborhood  about 
the  lacrosse  students  and  all  the  havoc  they 
supposedly  wreaked.  And  it  became  clear 
that  it  really  wasn't  the  lacrosse  kids  they 
were  talking  about.  They  were  just  using  the 
focus  on  the  lacrosse  team  as  a  platform  for 
talking  about  all  of  their  other  grievances. 
We  found  that  was  true  in  a  lot  of  cases." 

With  the  benefit  of  hindsight,  and  with 
the  dropping  of  the  charges,  The  Washington 


Post  said  in  an  editorial,  "News  organiza- 
tions, eager  to  pursue  a  'Jocks  Gone  Wild' 
story  line,  aided  and  abetted  [the  district 
attorney's]  rush  to  judgment,  all  but  pro- 
nouncing the  students  guilty  before  the 
facts  were  in." 

An  antecedent  to  the  Duke  case  ensnared 
athletes  at  the  University  of  Colorado.  In 
December  2001,  members  of  the  Colorado 
football  team  supplied  alcohol  and  marijuana 
to  recruits,  then  took  them  to  a  party  at  an 
off-campus  apartment.  One  of  the  recruits 
was  accused  of  raping  a  woman  who  lived 
in  the  apartment.  Eventually,  nine  women 
said  they  had  been  assaulted  by  Colorado 
football  players  or  recruits  since  1997.  Jerry 
Rutledge,  a  Colorado  regent,  says  reporters 
didn't  probe  beyond  the  "jocks-gone-wild" 
theme.  "No  one  did  any  investigative  re- 
porting. They  just  jumped  on  a  hot  story." 

Another  regent,  Peter  Steinhauer,  says  the 
media  reports  agitated  sports  boosters  and 
skeptics  alike.  "One  side  said,  I'm  never 
going  to  give  another  penny  to  the  university 
as  long  as  the  president  stays  and  the  foot- 
ball coach  stays.  The  other  side  said,  do  some- 
thing about  these  trumped-up  charges."  A 
campaign  inspired  by  the  National  Organ- 
ization for  Women  produced  some  20,000 
letters  and  e-mail  messages  questioning  the 
refusal  to  fire  the  coach  immediately;  by  ten 
o'clock  on  the  morning  that  the  coach  was 
put  on  administrative  leave,  administrators 
were  wrestling  with  some  6,500  angry  e-mail 


at  Colorado,  regent  Rutledge^-^ 
below  left,  and  president 
Hoffman  faced  intense  scrutiny 
over  athletics  scandal 


«?»'•* 


messages  protesting  the  decision. 
Sometimes  a  scandal,  though, 
turns  out  to  be  a  series  of  false 
accusations — a  painful  lesson 
learned  in  the  Duke  lacrosse 
case,  and  earlier  at  Colorado. 
;      The  rape  charges  against  the 
j     Colorado  athletes  were  inves- 
tigated by  the  office  of  Boulder 
district  attorney  Mary  Keenan. 
I  s  She  eventually  decided  not  to 
1  prosecute  anyone,  citing  a  lack 
s  of  evidence,  partly  based  on 
a  DNA  test  results,  and  saying 
Z  recruits  believed  the  party  was 
set  up  for  them  to  have  sex. 
Keenan  was  deposed  in  a  civil 
case  brought  by  one  of  the  al- 
leged rape  victims;  in  her  dep- 
osition, she  said  the  universi- 
ty's athletics  program  used  sex 
as  "a  bartering  tool"  to  lure 
football  recruits. 


30         DUKE  MAGAZINE 


* ,« 


As  Keenan  faced  re-election  in  2004,  one 
local  newspaper,  the  Daily  Camera,  quoted  a 
political  opponent,  a  former  prosecutor,  as 
suggesting  that  "a  challenger  might  ask  why 
Keenan  didn't  prosecute  players  accused  of 
gang  rape."  That  challenger  might  also  "ask 
her  to  explain  why  she  put  forward  the 
unconventional  legal  theory"  that  the  uni- 
versity fostered  an  atmosphere  that  led  to 
the  alleged  assaults.  The  former  prosecutor 
offered  another  concern:  "Should  an  elect- 
ed official  make  inflammatory  allegations 
about  the  university  before  the  university's 
conduct  was  thoroughly  investigated?"  Keen- 
an succeeded  in  her  re-election  bid — sug- 
gesting that  targeting  a  university,  if  not  the 
presumed  wrongdoing  of  its  students,  can  be 
politically  expedient. 

Much  of  the  public's  and  the  media's  ob- 
session with  the  Duke  lacrosse  case  hinged 
on  race  and  athletics,  with  an  African  Ameri- 
can allegedly  the  victim  of  a  largely  white 
team.  In  the  Colorado  football  context,  the 


S,       £*%-<» 


racial  balance  was  reversed:  African-Ameri- 
can team  members  were  accused  of  sexual 
violence  against  white  women. 

Bruce  Plasket,  a  longtime  reporter  in  the 
Denver  area,  dwells  on  race  dynamics  and 
media  overreaction  in  a  book  called  Buf- 
faloed: How  Race,  Gender,  and  Media  Bias 
Fueled  a  Season  of  Scandal.  "Headlines,  not 
evidence,  were  creating  guilt — a  guilt  that 
would  subject  100  young  football  players, 
many  of  them  black,  to  obscene  catcalls 
from  opposing  fans,  racially  hateful  e-mails 
directed  at  players  dating  white  women, 
and  the  wrath  of  a  media  afraid  to  be 
labeled  as  victim  bashers,"  Plasket  writes. 
"Reporters  anxious  to  beat  their  competi- 
tors in  what  appeared  to  be  an  accusation- 
of-the-day  contest  failed  to  go  beyond  the 
salacious  accusations  to  find  out  how  [the 
coach]  actually  ran  his  program. "At  one 
away  game,  Plasket  notes,  Colorado  foot- 
ball players  faced  taunts  of  "rapists,  rapists." 

With  a  shifting  legal  landscape  (as  well  as 


a  new  coach),  those  derisive  chants  have 
vanished.  Steinhauer,  who  recently  finished 
his  term  on  the  regents  board,  says  Colo- 
rado has  largely  put  the  turmoil  behind  it.  It 
has  put  in  place  "probably  some  of  the 
strictest  rules  in  the  country"  surrounding 
athletic  recruiting,  with  the  requirement, 
for  example,  that  late-night  events  involv- 
ing recruits  include  a  coach  as  chaperone. 
And  Colorado  has  recovered  from  the  neg- 
ative exposure:  Some  years  after  the  first 
football  charges,  it  has  seen  its  largest-ever 
freshman  class,  and  its  fundraising  is  up 
more  than  100  percent  from  the  same  peri- 
od last  year. 

Among  the  casualties  of  the  Colorado  in- 
cident was  Elizabeth  Hoffman,  the  universi- 
ty's president,  who  was  eventually  ousted. 
She  is  now  provost  at  Iowa  State  University. 
Other  issues,  especially  a  brouhaha  surround- 
ing a  faculty  member's  extreme  statements 
about  the  September  1 1  terrorist  attacks, 
also  contributed  to  her  forced  departure.  (In 


May-June  2007 


31 


the  early  1960s,  a  Colorado  president  re- 
signed after  discovery  of  an  illegal  "slush 
fund"  for  football  players  and  a  conservative 
backlash  against  "radical"  faculty  mem- 
bers. )  This  spring,  the  men's  lacrosse  coach 
at  Colorado  acknowledged  that  he  had  had 
discussions  with  his  team  when  the  Duke 
allegations  surfaced,  and  added  that  the  sit- 
uation for  his  players  was  doubly  trouble- 
some: The  negative  echoes  from  the  Duke 
case  hurt  the  entire  lacrosse  community,  he 
said.  And  as  representatives  of  Colorado 
athletics,  his  players  still  saw  a  need  to  erase 
whatever  memories  lingered  from  the  pre- 
sumed football  scandal. 

Even  as  reporters  (and  others)  were 
using  stereotypes  as  the  basis  for 
their  interpretation  of  the  case,  the 
yearlong  focus  on  Duke  lacrosse  ac- 
cented the  endurance  of  the  so-called  Cul- 
ture Wars.  Some  of  the  responses  on  cam- 
pus angered  those  who  see  universities  as 
bastions  of  political  correctness.  One  re- 
sponse was  especially  grating.  Shortly  after 
news  of  the  party  broke,  eighty-eight  faculty 
members  signed  a  full-page  Chronicle  adver- 
tisement. The  ad  declared  a  "social  disas- 
ter"; offered  comments,  ascribed  to  students, 
decrying  the  campus  climate;  and  stated, 
"The  students  know  that  the  disaster  didn't 
begin  on  March  13  th  and  won't  end  with 
what  the  police  say  or  the  court  decides." 
The  language  in  the  ad — which  for  a  long 
time  was  largely  ignored,  until  it  became 
fodder  for  the  blogging  community — subse-  • 
quently  has  been  picked  over. 

One  of  the  shapers  of  the  ad,  Wahneema ' 
Lubiano,  an  associate  professor  of  African 
and  African- American  studies,  says  it  was  de-  i 
signed  to  assuage  the  concerns — accented  by 
the  lacrosse  episode — of  students  who  felt 
they  had  been  victimized  by  racism  or  sexual 
violence.  "We  hoped  first  that  they  wouldn't 
feel  so  alone,"  she  says.  "I  think  that  was  the 
most  compelling  motivation  for  us.  But, 
second,  we  hoped  that  the  campus  would 
begin  to  think  of  these  as  issues  that  would 
only  get  worse  if  they  weren't  addressed. 
There  are  no  circumstances  under  which 
any  community  wants  to  have  racism,  sex- 
ism, sexual  violence.  They're  horrible  things, 
and  nobody  wants  to  talk  about  them." 

Another  signer  of  the  ad  was  cultural- 
anthropology  professor  Lee  Baker,  who  is 
completing  his  term  as  chair  of  the  Arts  &. 
Sciences  Council.  He  says  every  time  the 
media  mention  what  has  come  to  be  known 
as  the  Group  of  88,  e-mail  messages  fill  the 
inboxes  of  professors — a  phenomenon  that 
has  "a  chilling  effect"  and  has  discouraged 


some  from  continuing  to  speak  out. 

The  responses  to  the  ad,  says  Baker,  illus- 
trate "a  classic  American  conundrum,"  a 
collision  of  values.  "For  those  who  were  con- 
cerned about  the  individual  lacrosse  play- 
ers— and  the  ad  was  never  about  individu- 
als— the  issue  was  a  miscarriage  of  criminal 
justice.  What  the  signers  of  the  ad  were 
concerned  with  was  the  miscarriage  of  so- 
cial justice:  how  we  could  build  a  more 
responsive  society."  In  the  end,  he  says,  you 
can't  have  social  justice  without  meaningful 
criminal  justice,  and  you  can't  have  mean- 
ingful criminal  justice  without  social  jus- 
tice. The  opposing  sides  around  the  ad, 
though,  never  bridged  those  concepts.  One 
thing  the  lacrosse  case  taught  him,  he  says, 
was  "to  take  more  seriously  Martin  Luther 
King's  1963  letter  from  the  Birmingham  jail: 
Where  there's  a  threat  to  justice  anywhere, 
there's  a  threat  to  justice  everywhere." 


racists  and  rapists,  didn't  care  enough  about 
their  plight  to  speak  out,  or  were  cowed  into 
suppressing  any  call  of  conscience." 

On  campus,  Stephen  Miller,  now  a  Duke 
senior,  made  much  the  same  point  in  his 
Chronicle  column  shortly  after  the  lacrosse 
party  last  spring.  "It  is  the  hope  of  many  ac- 
tivists, protesters,  and  condemners  to  make 
a  case  not  only  for  the  excoriation  of  the 
lacrosse  team,"  he  wrote,  "but  also  for  sweep- 
ing social  reform  to  address  what  they  see  as 
profound  racial  inequity."  As  he  put  it,  in 
metaphorical  exuberance,  "You  will  be  hung 
[sic]  in  the  gallows  of  public  opinion  regard- 
less of,  or  even  in  spite  of,  the  facts,  if  the 
alleged  crime  can  be  converted  into  a  case 
for  institutional  racism." 

The  institutional  response  has  been  a  con- 
cern for  Michael  "Gus"  Gustafson  B.S.E. 
'93,  M.S.  '98,  Ph.D.  '99,  an  assistant  profes- 
sor of  the  practice  in  electrical  and  computer 


Rising  furor:  President  Brodhead  speaks  to  demonstrators 
a  news  conference  a  few  weeks  after  the  lacrosse  party 


•%■  4 


Critics  of  the  campus  see  the  Group  of  88 
as  a  threat  to  learning — even  as  Baker  notes 
that  the  faculty  members  under  attack 
attract  large  enrollments  (including  ath- 
letes) and  earn  positive  evaluations  from 
students.  An  anonymous  comment  on  the 
"Durham  in  Wonderland"  blog,  in  language 
far  less  shrill  than  many  other  online  com- 
mentaries, observed,  "If  scholarship  involves 
noisily  taking  a  controversial  stance  on  a 
public  issue  of  race,  class,  or  gender;  making 
a  loaded,  but  misinformed  or  incorrect,  pub- 
lic statement;  and  then  acting  like  a  victim 
when  the  faulty  reasoning  process  is  ex- 
posed, then  the  [Group  of  88]  are  at  the  top 
of  the  class."  Writing  about  the  conclusion 
of  the  case,  the  editorial-page  editor  of  the 
Rock;v  Mountain  News  complained  that  for 
the  most  part,  Duke  faculty  members  "either 
supported  the  branding  of  three  athletes  as 


I  *&*...*  'V,' 


32 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


P .  "•  »    ''-    -    *  o.  .    .--  .--...    -     □ 

Blogging  the  Case 

ommunications  technologies,  especially 
blogs,  have  continued  to  keep  the  issues  sur- 
H  ^H         rounding  Duke  lacrosse  simmering — for 
better  or  for  worse.  For  many  followers  of 
the  lacrosse  case,  the  go-to  blog  has  been  "Durham  in 
Wonderland,"which  has  drawn  some  15,000  visitors  daily. 
The  blogger  behind  "Durham  in  Wonderland"is  KC 

DURHAM-  IN-WON  DERLAND 

Johnson,  a  history  professor  at  Brooklyn  College  and  the 
CUNY  Graduate  Center,  who  (with  journalist  Stuart  Taylor  of 
the  National  Journal  and  Newsweek)  is  writing  a  book  on 
the  case.  He  has  also  stepped  out  of  New  York  occasionally 
to  blog  "live" from  relevant  sites,  including  the  press 
conference  featuring  the  newly  exonerated  players. 
Johnson's  is  one  of  several  blogs  that  had  been  generated 
by,  and  continue  to  feed  off,  the  case;  among  the  most 
popular  are"Liestoppers"and  "John  in  Carolina/'the  latter 
written  by  a  self-identified  Duke  alumnus  who  keeps  his 
identity  hidden. 

With  any  campus  controversy,  "There's  always  an  open- 
ing for  someone  to  simply  follow  that  story  more  obsessive- 
ly and  closely  than  others,"  says  Jay  Rosen,  a  press  critic  and 
writer  who  teaches  at  New  York  University.  "Very  often  that 
blog  will  become  very  influential,  because  people  who  have 
a  high  degree  of  interest  in  the  case — which  is  not  by  any 
means  most  of  the  audience,  but  a  small  portion  of  the 
audience — will  end  up  relying  on  that  blog  a  lot.  And 
those  are  the  people  who  also  talk  about  the  case. 

"The  blogosphere  is  way  more  interconnected  than  the 

traditional  media.  Even  though  there  are  blogs  that  exist 
with  one  point  of  view  only  and  push  that  perspective, 
there  are  lots  of  ways  in  which  the  blogs  comment  on  each 
other  and  influence  each  other  very  quickly." 

As  is  clear  from  the  avid,  sometimes  vituperative, 
lacrosse-inspired  online  conversation,  the  blogosphere 
doesn't  just  attract  those  tied  to  the  interests  of  the  institu- 
tion. The  lacrosse  case  is"almost  custom-built  for  the 
Culture  Wars,"  Rosen  says,  and  professors  perceived  to  be  on 
the  wrong  side  are  tempting  targets."!  would  expect  a  lot 
of — shrillness  would  be  a  mild  word  for  it.  1  would  expect 
hysteria."lf  you're  a  tenured  professor,  he  says,  "that  means 
you  are  armed  to  participate  in  debate  more  than  just 
about  anybody,  with  the  exception  of  Supreme  Court  jus- 
tices. 1  do,  however,  believe  that  you  have  to  be  smart  abou 
what  you  say.  You  have  to  think  through  what  you  are  say- 
ing, in  light  of  the  cascading  effects  of  the  Internet.  But  if 
academics  with  tenure  can't  speak  publicly  to  public  con- 
troversies, who  the  hell  can?" 

— Robert  J.  Bliwis 

less  of  a  faculty  focus  on  issues  extraneous  to 
the  criminal  case.  There  should  have  been  a 
Duke  point  person,  he  says,  who  had  been 
publicly  looking  out  for  the  university's,  and 
the  students',  interests  throughout  the  case 
— contesting,  for  example,  the  district  attor- 
ney's early  characterization  of  the  lacrosse 
players  as  "hooligans."  He  says,  "If  we  don't 
respond  when  those  students  are  treated  im- 
properly, who  is  going  to?  I  mean,  we  do  need 
to  be  allied  with  our  students,  to  make  sure 
that  our  students  are  being  treated  properly." 

Where  some  outside  commentators  on 
the  lacrosse  case  see  a  faculty  at  war  with  it- 
self, Gustafson  says  the  conversation  among 
colleagues  has  been  civil.  "I  have  a  strong, 
passionate  disagreement  with  some  of  what's 
gone  on,  but  I  certainly  have  no  plans  to  try 
to  excise  some  of  the  humanities  disciplines 
from  campus  or  to  say  that  these  faculty 
members  need  to  go  away  because  I  disagree 
with  them.  From  that  aspect,  the  way  the 
electronic  dialogue  can  go  is  certainly  some- 
thing to  be  concerned  about.  I've  traded  e- 
mails  back  and  forth  with  Wahneema  Lu- 
biano.  And  neither  of  our  computers  has 
burst  into  flames." 

The  case  became  "a  lens  through  which 
people  processed  their  pre-existing  opinions 
and  positions,"  says  Robert  Steel  '73,  chair 
of  Duke's  board  of  trustees.  That's  true,  he 
adds,  whether  those  views  hinged  on  race, 


President  Richard  H.  Brodhead  says  that  much  of  the  lacrosse-related 
commentary  assumes  that  "everybody  could  have  known  at  the  beginning  of 
the  story  what  people  did  know  at  the  end  of  the  story." 


engineering.  In  a  commentary  on  his  blog, 
Gustafson  wrote  that  he  looked  at  "the  ef- 
fect of  various  statements  that,  intentional- 
ly or  not,  created  what  I  saw  as  a  hostile 
environment  for  our  students  and  a  more 
difficult  path  for  them  to  receive  the  pro- 
tections of  the  law."  In  the  posting,  he 
referred  in  particular  to  Lubiano's  reference 
to  the  players  as  "perfect  offenders,"  and  to 
another  colleague's  equating  white  inno- 
cence with  black  guilt  and  men's  innocence 
with  women's  guilt.  Such  statements,  he 
wrote,  suggest  that  some  at  Duke  have 
"removed  any  safeguards  we've  learned 
against  stereotyping,  against  judging  people 
by  the  color  of  their  skin  or  the  (perceived) 
content  of  their  wallet,  against  acting  on 
hearsay  and  innuendo  and  misdirection  and 

falsehoods We  have  taken  Reade,  and 

Collin,  and  Dave,  and  posterized  them  into 
'White  Male  Athlete  Privilege,'  and  we 
have  sought  to  punish  that  accordingly." 
Gustafson  says  he  wishes  there  had  been 


class,  athletic  privilege,  town-gown  ten- 
sions, or  the  notion  that  universities  have 
been  overtaken  by  leftist  professors.  "One 
lesson  of  the  past  year  is  how  important  it  is 
to  be  honestly  challenged  by  hearing  some 
different  perspective.  Instead  of  turning  up 
the  volume  on  the  noise,  turn  up  the  vol- 
ume on  the  listening. 

"My  take  on  the  Group  of  88  is  that  they 
were  speaking  about  issues  they  feel  quite 
strongly  about.  I  don't  think  they  purpose- 
fully meant  to  be  impairing  the  students 
who  were  affected  by  the  situation.  But  I 
think  it  did  have  the  effect  of  causing  those 
members  of  our  community  to  feel  unsup- 
ported." Had  they  chosen  different  lan- 
guage— particularly  around  the  sociologi- 
cally significant  but  fraught  phrase  "social 
disaster" — the  signers  of  the  ad  would  have 
been  more  effective,  he  adds. 

Lacrosse-committee  chair  Coleman — who 
also  serves  as  faculty  adviser  for  the  Inno- 
cence Project,  which  investigates  cases  be- 


May-June  2007 


33 


lieved  to  have  resulted  in  wrongful  convic- 
tions— says  he  and  his  colleagues  talked 
about  the  case  constantly.  But  he  acknowl- 
edges that  faculty  members  (and  civil-rights 
organizations)  have  been  reticent  to  speak 
out  against  this  particular  prosecutorial 
transgression.  That  reticence,  he  says,  in 
part  may  reflect  "the  strange  role  that  race 
was  playing  in  the  case,  which  is  that  the 
prosecutor  said  that  this  was  a  predatory 
crime  and  one  that  was  racially  motivated." 

Just  as  race-consciousness  constrained  dis- 
cussion around  the  case,  so  too,  he  adds,  did 
"the  notion  that  rich  people  have  all  the 
help  they  need,"  in  legal  proceedings  and 
otherwise.  He  says  he  hopes  that  those  who 
saw  the  lacrosse  case  in  terms  of  such  broad 
categories  now  realize  the  problems  with 
their  preconceptions.  "People  thought  that 
whatever  happens  is  happening  to  poor 
people  and  black  people;  it's  not  a  threat  to 
me.  This  case  says,  the  system  isn't  func- 
tioning and  it's  a  threat  to  all  of  us." 

Of  course,  Duke  lacrosse  is  not  the  only 
episode  to  highlight  race-based  thinking 
and  the  other  attributes  of  presumed  politi- 
cal correctness  in  a  campus  setting.  A  well- 
publicized  example  came  from  the  Univer- 
sity of  Pennsylvania  in  January  1993.  Fol- 
lowing a  sorority  event,  five  students,  all 
African-American  women,  were  loudly  cel- 
ebrating outside  one  of  Penn's  high-rise  dor- 
mitories. A  freshman  yelled  out  of  his  sixth- 
floor  window,  "Shut  up,  you  water  buffalo." 
The  women  charged  that  the  actual  expres- 
sion was  "black  water  buffalo."  They  also  re- 
ported hearing  harsher  slurs,  which  prompt- 
ed them  to  pursue  a  racial-harassment  case 
against  the  freshman.  Six  months  later,  the 
women  dropped  the  case,  declaring  in  a 
statement  that  they  had  been  "victimized 
on  January  13,  further  victimized  by  the 
media,  and  thereafter  by  the  judicial  process 
and  agents  of  the  university." 

Penn's  president  at  the  time,  Sheldon 
Hackney,  had  just  become  President  Bill 
Clinton's  nominee  to  chair  the  National 
Endowment  for  the  Humanities — a  nomi- 
nation made  unexpectedly  complicated  by 
the  perception  of  Penn  as  a  seat  of  political 
correctness.  Today,  Hackney  speaks  wryly  of 
his  "Hackney  Rule":  "In  any  controversial 
situation,  once  the  decision  maker  has  acted, 
the  winners  shut  up  and  the  losers  raise 
hell."  He  says,  "I'm  sure  there  were  some 
trustees  who  would  have  preferred  to  see 
the  problem  go  away.  But  I  still  think  the 
decision  to  try  to  let  the  disciplinary  process 
work  was  the  correct  one." 

The  notion  of  left-leaning  campuses  has  be- 
come "part  of  the  New  Right  story,"  he  says. 


"That's  their  narrative  about  America — that 
it  is  being  led  down  into  hell  by  liberals  and 
progressives  who  have  gained  control  of 
campuses."  In  his  book  The  Politics  of  Presi- 
dential Appointment,  Hackney  reflects  on  a 
conversation  he  had,  at  the  time  of  the  inci- 
dent, with  Dorothy  Rabinowitz,  now  a  mem- 
ber of  the  editorial  board  of  The  Wall  Street 
Journal.  This  winter,  as  the  legal  case  around 
Duke  lacrosse  was  unraveling,  Rabinowitz 
wrote  dismissively  in  the  Journal  about  "the 
politically  progressive  quarters  of  the  Duke 
faculty  who  lent  their  names  to  an  impas- 
sioned ad  thanking  everyone  who  had  come 
out  to  march  in  protest  against  the  rape  and 
assault  of  the  exotic  dancer."  (The  column 
also  complained  that  for  seven  months,  in 
addressing  the  situation  of  the  indicted  stu- 
dents, Brodhead  had  not  mentioned  the 
presumption  of  innocence;  that  was  inaccu- 
rate, and  the  Journal  printed  a  correction.) 
When  he  talked  with  Rabinowitz  in  the 
Penn  context,  Hackney  "explained  the  situ- 
ation as  I  saw  it,"  he  writes.  "The  charge  of 
violating  the  racial-harassment  policy  had 
been  made.  We  had  a  prescribed  process 
through  which  the  case  would  be  adjudicated, 
and  I  was  obligated  to  let  that  process  work." 

Hackney  asked  Rabinowitz  to  refrain  from 
editorializing  until  the  campus  process  had 
run  its  course.  "There  was  a  pause,"  he  writes. 
"Then  she  said  in  a  voice  so  chilling  that  I 
knew  immediately  that,  like  Dr.  Seuss' 
Grinch,  she  had  garlic  in  her  soul,  'This  is 
the  darkest  moment  for  human  freedom  in 
the  history  of  Western  civilization,  and  you, 
sir,  are  complicit.' " 

Some  of  his  advisers  urged  Hackney  to 


intervene  in  the  judicial  process  to  end  the 
case  quickly.  "It  just  never  seemed  the  right 
thing  to  do,  to  me,"  he  says.  "First  and  fore- 
most, you  have  to  respect  the  rules  that  are 
in  place  but  also  the  processes  for  judging 
guilt  or  innocence.  If  the  president  doesn't 
do  that,  then  he's  going  to  lose  the  support 
and  the  respect  of  students  and  faculty  and 
trustees.  And  everything  will  come  unrav- 
eled to  a  degree."  Respecting  well-estab- 
lished processes,  he  adds,  "seems  to  me  to  be  te 
what  President  Brodhead  has  done.  And  he  i 
was  in  something  of  the  same  situation."       | 

Penn  recovered  quickly,  in  large  part  be- 
cause the  case  was  dropped,  Hackney  says. 
"It  may  be  that  people  have  strong  opinions 
about  some  particular  thing  that's  going  on 
in  the  university,  but  they  don't  generalize 
it  to  the  whole  university,  so  they  maintain 


The  notion  of  left-leaning  campuses  has  become  "part  of  the  New  Right  story,' 
says  Sheldon  Hackney,  who  battled  charges  of  political  correctness  as  presi- 
dent of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania. 


their  loyalty  to  it.  I  think  that  universities 
are  more  resilient  than  we  sometimes  give 
them  credit  for." 

This  was  a  test  of  Hackney's  resilience  as 

well.  "It  was  the  worst  time  of  my  life,"  he 

says.  "Since  I  was  being  assaulted  left,  right, 

and  center,  I  could  tell  myself  that  in  this 

case,  I  just  had  to  do  what  I  thought  was 

right  and  not  worry  about  what  the  critics 

«  were  going  to  say.  I  did  learn  about  how 

|  painful  and  how  public  these  disputes  can 

|  be.  Being  chewed  on  by  Rush  Limbaugh 

|  over  and  over  and  over  again  is  not  fun." 

^  You  can  issue  a  statement,  he  says,  "but  it 

|  will  never  get  to  all  those  people  whose 

|  ideas  of  you  and  your  university  have  been 

5  shaped  by  the  stories  that  they  read." 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


. 


Just  after  the  exoneration  ot  the  play- 
ers, Dean  of  the  Chapel  Sam  Wells  re- 
flected, in  a  statement  from  the  pulpit, 
on  the  past  year's  "deeply  troubling" 
story  for  Duke  and  the  indicted  players.  It 
was  a  story,  he  noted,  that  drew  "the  relent- 
less gaze  of  merciless  public  scrutiny."  The 
events  thrust  the  players  into  "an  endless 
night  of  bewilderment  and  near  despair,"  he 
said.  "It  must  have  seemed  like  the  world 
had  laid  on  them  the  iniquity  of  us  all." 

He  added,  "We  have  all  been  impoverished 
because  we  have  had  cause  to  lose  trust  in  in- 
stitutions and  processes  on  which  our  com- 
mon life  depends.  Everyone  is  talking  about 
justice,  but  justice  is  fundamentally  not  a 
system  but  a  virtue  that  needs  to  be  embod- 
ied by  just  people  and  be  accompanied  by 
other  virtues  like  courage  and  restraint." 

In  an  environment  that  has  shown  little 
restraint,  Duke  lacrosse  has  become  not  just 
a  source  of  contentiousness  on  and  off  cam- 
pus, but  a  cultural  touchstone  as  well.  De- 
fending embattled  World  Bank  president 
Paul  Wolfowitz  in  late  April,  Washington 
lawyer  Robert  Bennett  (who  counseled  the 
players'  defense  team)  said,  "I  am  very  wor- 
ried about  the  rush  to  judgment.  We  had  a 


wonderful  example  of  that  in  the  Duke  la- 
crosse case." 

A  few  weeks  earlier,  three  University  of 
Minnesota  football  players  had  been  ac- 
cused of  raping  a  woman  at  an  off-campus 
party.  In  the  university's  student  newspaper, 
a  guest  columnist  began  with  a  Duke  refer- 
ence and  proceeded  to  ponder  whether,  in 
such  cases,  victims  should  be  believed  or  the 
accused  should  be  supported.  "The  truth  is 
there  is  nothing  compromised  by  fully  sup- 
porting both  parties,"  he  said. 

The  firing  of  radio  personality  Don  Imus 
for  hurling  racial  insults  inspired  a  stream  of 
published  commentaries,  including  one 
widely  distributed  cartoon.  The  first  panel  of 
the  cartoon  shows  members  of  the  women's 
basketball  team  at  Rutgers  saying,  "The  way 
people  feel  free  to  talk  trash  about  our  team 
on  the  basis  of  unfair  cultural  stereotypes 
makes  me  sick."  In  the  second  panel,  a 
Duke's  men's  lacrosse  player  appears;  he  says, 
"I  hear  you." 

Irrespective  of  a  wrongheaded  criminal 
investigation,  most  people  have  kept  their 
faith  in  Duke,  says  Steel,  the  trustee  chair. 
Though  he  acknowledges  that  "some  things 
might  have  been  done  differently,"  he  stands 


by  the  university's  major  decisions  over  the 
past  year.  The  president  consulted  regularly 
with  the  trustees,  he  says,  and  has  had  their 
continuing  support. 

As  consuming  as  it  has  been,  Brodhead 
insists  that  the  lacrosse  episode  didn't  de- 
flect the  university  from  other  goals.  "I  don't 
want  to  understate  the  degree  of  attention 
that  we  paid  to  this  matter,  but  it's  also  been 
our  business  to  run  a  great  university,"  he 
says.  "Every  day  during  this  story  we  worked 
on  other  things  in  addition  to  a  crisis.  And 
certainly  it  was  painful  to  see  things  put  in 
the  shade  by  this  story." 

On  a  single  day  last  April,  he  recalls, 
Duke  launched  a  comprehensive  Global 
Health  Initiative  and  the  first  two  lacrosse 
players  were  indicted.  "One  story  got  a  world 
of  attention,  which  now  we  realize  was 
undeserved,  and  the  other  story  got  no 
attention." 

Steel  and  Brodhead  alike  say  that  lessons 
caii  be  learned  from  the  past  year,  but  that  it's 
time  to  move  beyond  a  painful  episode.  As 
other  universities  have  learned,  campuses  are 
sturdy  places — places  that  do  demonstrably 
inspire  trust.  And  they're  prone  to  bounce 
back  quickly  from  times  of  adversity.  ■ 


May-June  2007 


¥r*"v 


■:^Hhj 


mm 


In  his  first  exhibit  as  curator  of  contemporary  art  at  the  Nasher  Museum, 
Trevor  Schoonmaker  brings  together  a  trio  of  up-and-coming  artists  who  mix 

urban  funk  with  international  flair. 


t  first  glance,  Me  Against  the  World  is 
little  more  than  a  repeated  pattern 
of  stacked  discs  forming  towering, 
teetering  columns.  Drawn  with  pen- 
cil on  a  nine-foot  by  five-foot  expanse  of 
off-white  paper  retrieved  from  a  dumpster, 
the  unframed  piece  is  literally  stapled  to  a 
gallery  wall  in  the  Nasher  Museum  of  Art. 
And  yet,  even  if  you  come  to  the  piece 


are  doing  the  same  thing  you  are,  day  in  and 
day  out,  just  to  get  a  little  hit  further 
ahead — or,  at  the  very  least,  not  to  lose  your 
place  in  the  clamoring  queue  of  humanity? 
Across  the  gallery,  the  digital-animation 
piece  He  Got  Game  shows  South  African 
artist  Robin  Rhode,  his  face  obscured  by  a 
hat  pulled  low  over  his  brow,  going  airborne 
as  he  somersaults  and  dunks  a  basketball 


"One  of  the  things  that  I  have  to  make  an  argument  for  with 
any  show  that  I  do  is,  why  these  particular  artists  and  why  now?" 


without  knowing  anything  about  the  artist, 
William  Cordova — his  Peruvian  heritage 
and  working-class  upbringing  in  Miami,  his 
itinerant  lifestyle — it's  impossible  to  ignore 
the  impulse  to  locate  the  artist  (or  yourself) 
in  the  flat  landscape.  Is  Cordova  represent- 
ed by  that  disc  jutting  out  halfway  down  a 
column  on  the  left,  disrupting  the  pre- 
dictable, prescribed  order  of  things?  Is  it 
possible  to  retain  a  sense  of  individuality 
when  you  live  in  a  densely  populated  urban 
setting?  How  many  countless  other  people 


into  a  waiting  net.  It  takes  only  a  moment 
to  see  that  the  net  and  the  lopsided  score 
(115-16)  are  drawn  in  chalk  on  blotchy 
pavement  and  that  Rhode  is  repositioning 
himself  for  each  frame  to  give  viewers  a 
stop-motion  view  of  his  virtual  agility.  For 
the  literal  minded,  the  sequence  is  simply  a 
playful  amusement.  But  there  are  subtler 
undertones  at  work,  too:  Athletic  prowess 
can  be  a  ticket  out  of  rough  neighborhoods, 
a  long-shot  chance  at  wealth  and  status. 
Embodying  as  it  does  the  striving  and  strug- 


gle of  the  underclass,  He  Got  Game  takes  on 
additional  resonance  when  considered 
through  the  lens  of  apartheid. 

Cordova  and  Rhode  are  two  of  the  artists 
featured  in  the  Nasher's  "Street  Level"  ex- 
hibit, which  runs  through  the  end  of  July. 
It's  the  first  show  organized  by  the  museum's 
new  curator  of  contemporary  art,  Trevor 
Schoonmaker,  who  says  that  the  works  "ad- 
dress ways  that  people  culturally  transform 
space,  mark  territory,  and  position  them- 
selves within  the  landscape  of  the  city." 

Los  Angeles  native  Mark  Bradford,  the 
third  artist  in  "Street  Level,"  draws  from  the 
same  types  of  cultural  wells  as  Cordova  and 
Rhode  to  create  his  own  vision  of  urban 
landscapes.  Scorched  Earth  is  a  vibrantly  col- 
ored geometric  composition  that  Kurt 
Schwitters  might  have  made  had  he  come 
from  twenty-first-century  South  Central. 
The  enormous  collage  (ten  feet  wide  by 
nine  feet  high)  provides  a  bird's-eye  view  of 
a  city  grid  and  repeating  rectangular  pat- 
terns that  could  be  rows  of  tenements  or 
nameless  headstones — or  something  else 
entirely.  Bradford,  a  gay  black  man  who  grew 
up  in  a  boarding  house  with  his  mother  and 
grandmother,  creates  visual  worlds  that  ques- 
tion what  it  means  to  belong  or  not  belong 
to  one's  community  and  the  ways  in  which 
mainstream  (white)  society  codifies  who  and 
what  is  considered  threatening  or  safe,  valu- 
able or  disposable. 

Schoonmaker  joined  the  Nasher  staff 
in  the  summer  of  2006  and  figured  that  a 
tightly  focused,  three-person  show  would  be 
the  most  manageable  approach  for  his  cura- 
torial debut,  given  the  short  turnaround  time 
between  conception  and  execution.  He  liked 
the  idea  of  work  inspired  by,  or  generated 
from,  the  hustle  and  bustle  of  the  inner-city 
street,  a  mash-up  of  youth  culture  and  melt- 
ing-pot funk.  He'd  gotten  to  know  Cor- 
dova, Rhode,  and  Bradford  while  working 
I  as  an  independent  curator  in  New  York;  each, 
in  his  own  way,  was  capturing  that  electrify- 
ing energy  in  different  yet  complementary 
ways.  "Thematically  it  made  sense  to  group 
them  together,"  he  says,  "because  all  three 
share  a  use  of  found  materials  and  draw 
inspiration  from  the  street  cultures  where 
they  live." 

Modern  monolith:  Schoonmaker,  the  show's  curator, 
right,  helps  artist  William  Cordova  reconstruct  Sorft/ssy 
(orMachu  Picchu  after  dark),  an  installation  composed 
of  discarded  stereo  speakers,  candy,  pennies,  broken 
vinyl  records,  record  jackets,  and  candles 


PUKE  MAGAZINE 


In  keeping  with  the  museum's  goal  of 
focusing  on  modern  and  contemporary  art, 
Schoonmaker  is  responsible  for  generating 
excitement — and  visitor  turnout — for  up- 
and-coming  artists.  His  curatorial  instincts 
appear  sound.  In  the  months  before  "Street 
Level"  opened  in  March,  Cordova  had  a 
successful  solo  show  at  the  prestigious  Arndt 
&  Partner  gallery  in  Berlin;  Rhode  won  the 
2006  W  South  Beach  Artist  Commission  at 
Art  Basel  Miami  Beach  in  December;  and 
Bradford  received  the  $100,000  Bucksbaum 
Award  for  his  body  of  work  in  the  2006  Bi- 
ennial exhibition  at  the  Whitney  Museum 
of  American  Art.  (Coincidentally,  when  he 
mentioned  his  ideas  for  "Street  Level,"  to 

Location  in  space:  In  a  still  from  He  Got  Game,  right, 
Rhode  achieves  peak  performance  as  a  street  ball  player; 
Cordon's  Me  Against  the  World,  detail  below,  invites 
viewers  to  locate  themselves  in  the  repetition  of  shapes 


Blake  Byrne  '57,  chair  of  the  Nasher's  advi- 
sory board  and  a  prominent  contemporary- 
art  collector,  Schoonmaker  was  pleasantly 
surprised  to  learn  that  Byrne's  own  collec- 
tion included  four  Cordovas,  which  are  on 
loan  to  the  museum  for  "Street  Level.") 

Schoonmaker  says  that  even  though  the 
three  "Street  Level"  artists  have  earned  de- 
grees in  fine  arts  and  been  represented  in 
galleries  and  shows  in  the  U.S.,  Japan,  Italy, 
Germany,  Taiwan,  and  Mexico,  each  one  is 
also  strongly  rooted  in  his  respective  social 
and  cultural  origins.  He  says  that  the  artists' 

Creativity  and  commercialism:  In  a  detail  from 
Harvest,  left,  Rhode  nurtures  amorphous  shapes  into 
blooms  of  light;  in  Untitled,  Dream  Houses,  below, 
he  starts  with  nothing  but  is  soon  crushed  by  the  weight 
of  consumer  goods 


40         DUKE  MAGAZINE 


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Picture  this:  Bradford's  PofflWe  Wafer  is  a  mixed-media 
collage  that  suggests  city  maps,  the  allocation  of 
natural  resources,  and  the  fuzzy  static  left  behind  when 
a  television  is  turned  off 

growing  celebrity — as  measured  by  awards 
and  recognition,  as  well  as  the  ability  to 
command  higher  prices  for  their  work — has 
not  altered  their  compass  of  values. 

"Mark,  William,  and  Robin  started  using 
these  unconventional  means  and  materials 
to  make  their  art  primarily  because  they 
didn't  have  much  money,"  Schoonmaker 
says.  "Part  of  what  keeps  [all  three  artists] 
grounded  is  that  they  come  from  such  hum- 
ble backgrounds,  and  while  they  are  very 
much  a  part  of  the  global,  cosmopolitan  art 
world,  each  one  of  them  remains  connected 
to  the  particular  aesthetics  and  culture  that 
they  came  from.  I  would  be  shocked  if  any 
of  them  started  producing  work  purely  in 
response  to  market  influences." 

Appropriately  enough,  Schoonmaker  made 


plans  for  pushing  the  reach  of  "Street  Level" 
beyond  the  confines  of  a  gallery  wall.  He 
scheduled  satellite  events  that  included  a 
block  party  celebrating  Cordova  and  fellow 
artist  Leslie  Hewitt's  site-specific  billboard- 
art  project  in  downtown  Durham,  and  a  dis- 
cussion and  demonstration  of  musical  and 
artistic  "sampling"  presented  by  local  hip- 
hop  producer  Ninth  Wonder  and  faculty 
members  from  Duke  and  North  Carolina 
Central  University. 

oining  the  Nasher  staff  has  been  a 
homecoming  of  sorts  for  Schoonmaker. 
Born  in  Winston-Salem,  he  graduated 
from  the  University  of  North  Carolina 
at  Chapel  Hill  in  1992  with  a  major  in  art 
history.  After  earning  a  master's  degree  in 
art  history  from  the  University  of  Michigan 
in  1998,  he  moved  to  New  York  and  im- 
mersed himself  in  the  clubs,  galleries,  muse- 
ums, and  collectives  that  make  up  the  city's 
dynamic  arts  scene.  Within  a  scant  year- 


and-a-half,  he  had  organized  his  first  exhi- 
bition, "The  Magic  City,"  a  six-artist  show 
at  Chelsea's  Brent  Sikkema  gallery.  The.  New 
York  Times  gave  the  show  a  good  review, 
noting  that  it  approached  multiculturalism 
"not  as  a  bureaucratic  program  but  as  a  kind 
of  delirious  pluralism." 

As  his  contacts  and  connections  within 
the  contemporary  art  world  grew,  Schoon- 
maker sought  innovative  ways  to  mount 
shows  that  brought  together  multiple  voices 
and  viewpoints,  while  working  within  the 
constraints  of  his  vocation.  "A  big-name 
curator  can  get  paid  decently  to  put  togeth- 
er a  show,"  he  says,  "but  as  an  independent 
curator,  you  either  have  to  be  independent- 
ly wealthy  or  make  huge  sacrifices"  when  it 
comes  to  the  scale  and  scope  of  a  show. 
Even  while  pitching  thematic  ideas  for 
group  shows,  Schoonmaker  pursued  an  idea 
that  had  consumed  his  thoughts  for  years — 
a  show  devoted  to  the  life  and  influence  of 
Fela  Anikulapo-Kuti. 


May-June  2007 


41 


In  "Street  Level,"  the  artworks  "address  ways  thafUeopJeculturally  transfornHpace,  mark  territory,  \\ 
and  position  themselves  within  the  landscape  of  the  city/^savKurator  Trevor  Schoonmaker. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


/       Hidden  messages:  Cordova,  left,  often  obscures 
messages  and  materials  in  his  work;  for  Badussy, 
goldleaf  on  top  of  the  installation  created  a  glow  on 
the  gallery  ceiling,  suggesting  a  connection  between 
earthly  observers  and  the  Incan  sun  god 

A  galvanizing  force  in  Nigerian  politics 
and  world  music,  Kuti,  who  has  been  com- 
pared with  Bob  Marley,  Huey  Newton,  and 
Malcolm  X,  among  others,  was  a  daring  cul- 
tural hero,  known  for  his  biting  social  com- 
mentary, antigovernment  stance,  and  infec- 
tiously catchy  sound,  which  he  dubbed  "Af- 
robeat."  Musicians  such  as  David  Byrne, 
Brian  Eno,  James  Brown,  and  Sun  Ra  have 
all  credited  Kuti  with  influencing  their  work. 

"Black  President:  The  Art  and  Legacy  of 
Fela  Anikulapo-Kuti,"  organized  at  the  New 
Museum  of  Contemporary  Art  in  New  York 
in  2003,  brought  together  dozens  of  interna- 
tional artists,  photographers,  and  writers. 
Schoonmaker  also  edited  an  accompanying 
book  of  essays  titled  Fela:  From  West  Africa 
to  West  Broadway. 

"Black  President,"  which  traveled  to  San 
Francisco,  London,  and  Cincinnati,  estab- 
lished Schoonmaker's  reputation  not  only 
as  a  savvy  and  prescient  curator,  but  also  as 
a  multidisciplinary  bridge  builder.  A  series 
of  other  shows  confirmed  his  gift  for  forging 
innovative,  cross-cultural  conversations:  D 
Trort,  a  group  show  that  interpreted  the  city 
of  Detroit  through  art,  popular  culture,  and 
music,  was  mounted  at  Gigantic  ArtSpace 
in  New  York  and  Urbis  in  Manchester,  Eng- 
land, in  2004.  In  2006,  he  co-curated  "The 
Beautiful  Game:  Contemporary  Art  and 
Futbol,"  an  exhibit  that  explored,  through 
the  lens  of  soccer,  such  themes  as  national 
identity,  globalism,  competition,  and  spec- 
tatorship. 

In  a  relatively  short  time,  Schoonmaker 
had  become  a  respected  and  sought-after 
curator  and  lecturer.  He  came  home  for  a 
family  visit  over  the  2005  Christmas  holi- 
days and  decided  to  check  out  the  buzz  sur- 
rounding the  newly  opened  Nasher  Mu- 
seum, including  its  inaugural  exhibit,  "The 
Forest:  Politics,  Poetics  and  Practice." 

"I  had  gone  online  to  see  if  there  might 
be  someone  at  the  Nasher  who  could  give 
me  a  tour  of  the  exhibit,"  he  says,  "and  I  dis- 
covered two  interesting  things.  One  was 
that  Sarah  Schroth,  who  had  been  one  of 
my  professors  at  UNC,  was  the  senior  cura- 
I  tor,  and  two,  they  were  looking  to  hire  a 
I  contemporary-art  curator."  Out  of  curiosity, 
e  he  asked  Schroth  for  details.  By  the  time 


the  conversation  ended,  she  was  urging 
Schoonmaker  to  send  in  an  application  for 
the  position.  He  did,  and  then  headed  back 
to  his  New  York  life. 

Schroth  and  Kimerly  Rorschach,  the 
Nasher's  director,  had  been  scheduled  to 
come  to  New  York  to  negotiate  the  pur- 
chase of  the  museum's  first  purchase  of  con- 
temporary art,  Untitled  #1 1 1  (Little  Ed's 
Daughter  Margaret),  by  Petah  Coyne.  They 
met  with  Schoonmaker,  who  recalls  the 
get-together  as  a  relaxed  conversation 
rather  than  a  formal  interview.  Rorschach 
says  that  Schoonmaker's  impressive  track 
record  quickly  moved  him  to  the  top  of  the 
short  list  of  finalists  for  the  job. 

"We  were  intrigued  by  Trevor's  focus  in 
contemporary  African  and  African- Ameri- 
can art,  as  we  thought  it  would  be  an  espe- 
cially good  fit  with  our  larger  mission  and 
vision — to  create  an  exciting  and  distinc- 
tive program  in  contemporary  art  that 
would  attract  both  local  support  and  na- 
tional attention,"  she  says.  "As  a  new  muse- 
um with  no  previous  track  record,  the 
Nasher  must  build  a  profile  over  time. 
Trevor's  particular  expertise  and  vision  for 
the  program,  the  synergies  with  the  re- 
sources already  here,  and  his  tremendous 
talents  made  him  the  perfect  candidate  to 
help  us  pursue  this  ambitious  vision." 

Lured  by  the  prospect  of  having  the  cre- 
ative flexibility  and  financial  support  to 
implement  his  ideas,  as  well  as  the  opportu- 
nity to  move  back  to  his  home  state, 
Schoonmaker  accepted  the  offer  to  join  the 
Nasher  and  immediately  began  planning 
what  would  become  "Street  Level." 

The  success  of  "Street  Level"  and  the 
other  exhibits  he  has  planned  will  depend 
on  how  effectively  he  can  "broaden  the 
conversation"  about  contemporary  art  and 
artists  beyond  the  walls  of  the  Nasher, 
Schoonmaker  says.  "One  of  the  things  that 
I  have  to  make  an  argument  for  with  any 
show  that  I  do  is,  why  these  particular 
artists  and  why  now?" 

For  "Street  Level,"  the  answer  is  decep- 
tively simple:  "Even  though  the  artists  are 
from  urban  areas,  the  work  that  they  are 
making  reflects  what  is  going  on  here  in 
Durham,  too,"  Schoonmaker  says.  With  a 
large  African- American  community,  a  grow- 
ing Latino  immigrant  population,  and  a 
downtown  that  is  slowly  being  rebuilt  after 
decades  of  decline,  he  says,  Durham's  quirks 
and  qualities  are  as  suitable  a  backdrop  for 
contemporary  art  as  anywhere  else.  ■ 


May-June  2007 


43 


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Revisiting  the  Holocaust  Narrative 


In  May  2004,  Robert  Satloff  flew  from 
Morocco  to  Tunisia  in  search  of  Khaled 
Ahdelwahhab.  Not  the  man  himself,  but 
information  that  would  confirm  what 
Satloff  had  heard  about  Abdelwahhab  from 
a  California  woman  named  Anny  Boukris. 

Satloff  '83,  a  Middle  East  scholar,  was  re- 
searching a  book  on  the  treatment  of  Jews 
by  Arabs  in  North  Africa  during  World  War 
II.  Much  of  North  Africa,  at  the  time,  com- 
prised the  colonial  holdings  of  the  Italian 
and  French  governments.  Especially  after 
France  fell  to  the  Nazis,  North  African  Jews 
suffered  discrimination  and  abuse.  They  were 
saved  the  worst  of  the  Holocaust  by  time  and 
distance,  but  the  Italian  and  Vichy  French 
governments  imported  many  anti-Semitic 
policies  and  established  hundreds  of  labor 
and  "punishment"  camps  where  Jews  were 
interned,  forced  to  perform  grueling  labor, 
tortured,  and  sometimes  killed. 

Boukris,  a  Tunisian  Jew,  had  immigrated  to 
the  U.S.  from  Mahdia,  a  coastal  town  200 
kilometers  south  of  the  capital  city  of  Tunis. 
Sharing  her  story  with  a  researcher  Satloff 
had  sent  to  interview  her  in  2003,  Boukris, 
then  seventy-two,  told  how  her  family  had 
been  evicted  from  their  home  by  German 
troops.  The  Boukrises  moved  temporarily  to 
a  nearby  olive-oil  factory  but  were  soon 
taken  in  by  an  Arab  acquaintance  who  feared 
that  Anny's  mother,  Odette,  might  be  sexu- 
ally assaulted  by  German  soldiers.  Boukris 
told  the  researcher  that  the  Arab,  Abdel- 
wahhab, took  her,  her  family,  and  other 
Jews  to  his  family's  farm  in  the  village  of 
Tlelsa,  where  they  waited  out  the  occupa- 
tion in  relative  comfort. 

Boukris'  story  was  just  the  type  that  Sat- 
loff was  seeking.  Satloff,  the  director  of  the 
Washington  Institute  for  Near  East  Policy,  a 
leading  foreign-policy  think  tank,  studies 
and  writes  about  the  divisions  between  the 
West  and  the  Arab  world  (a  world  that,  he 
stresses,  is  in  reality  too  complex  and  varied 
to  be  referred  to  as  "the  Arab  world.")  In  the 
course  of  conducting  research  on  the  Israeli- 
Palestinian  conflict  and  other  issues,  he  had 
become  acutely  aware  of  the  prevalence  of 
Holocaust  denial  among  Arabs,  even  some 
scholars  and  prominent  political  leaders. 
These  feelings  manifested  themselves  re- 
cently when  Iran  hosted  what  many  ob- 
servers described  as  a  two-day  Holocaust  de- 


nial conference  featuring  speakers  like  David 
Duke,  a  former  Louisiana  Congressman  and 
Grand  Wizard  of  the  Knights  of  the  Ku 
Klux  Klan. 

A  frequent  contributor  to  the  opinion 
pages  of  newspapers  such  as  The  Washington 
Post  and  the  Baltimore  Sun,  Satloff  had,  in 
the  wake  of  the  September  1 1  attacks,  con- 
ceived an  idea  for  what  he  thought  would 
just  be  another  small  writing  project. 

The  project  began  as  a  simple  question: 
Did  any  Arabs  save  any  Jews  during  the 
Holocaust?  The  idea,  he  says,  was  that  if  he 
could  find  and  publicize  the  story  of  even 
one  Arab  who  had  helped  to  save  a  Jew  dur- 
ing the  Holocaust,  that  could  begin  to 
bridge  what  he  perceived  as  a  widening  gap 
by  giving  perhaps  one  Arab  family  a  sense 
of  pride  of  accomplishment.  Satloff  initially 
believed  that  his  research  would  be  rather 
cursory.  He  assumed  that  stories  of  Arabs 
helping  Jews  were  known  among  historians 
and  that  his  task  would  simply  be  to  find 
those  stories  and  publicize  them. 

He  was  wrong.  After  contacting  Holo- 
caust historians  in  several  countries  and 
representatives  of  major  Holocaust  memori- 
als in  the  U.S.  and  Israel,  he  discovered  that 
not  one  Arab  had  been  officially  recognized 
as  having  rescued  persecuted  Jews  during 
World  War  II.  Yad  Vashem,  the  Israeli  insti- 
tution that  confers  "Righteous  Among  the 
Nations"  status  on  non-Jews  who  risked 
their  lives  to  save  Jews  during  the  Holo- 
caust, had  honored  Muslims  from  Turkey 
and  Albania,  but  no  Arabs. 

In  some  ways,  that  finding  was  not  sur- 
prising. After  all,  much  of  the  existing  body 
of  Holocaust  research  has  focused  on  the  ex- 
periences of  European  Jews.  But  to  Satloff, 
it  increasingly  seemed  as  if  the  existing  re- 
search was  providing  an  incomplete  picture. 

In  a  personal  sense,  the  timing  for  Sat- 
loff's  research  into  the  experience  of 
North  African  Jews  was  perfect.  As  the 
project  began  to  develop,  he  was  in  the 
process  of  moving  to  Morocco.  His  wife, 
Jennie  Litvack  '85,  an  economist  with  the 
World  Bank,  had  been  offered  a  job  in  the 
organization's  Rabat  office.  Their  two  young 
children  would  enroll  in  local  schools. 
Satloff  planned  to  retain  the  directorship  of 
the  Washington  Institute,  telecommuting 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


by  JACOB  DAGGER 


By  writing  about 
North  African  Arabs 
who  helped  Jews 
escape  persecution 
duringWorldWarll, 
Middle  East  expert 
Robert  Satloff  hopes 
to  build  bridges 
between  discordant 
groups. 


May-June  2007         47 


from  a  small  office  outfitted  with  a  desk,  a 
computer,  and  a  bookcase  across  the  hall 
from  his  bedroom  in  Rabat. 

And  so,  from  Rabat,  Satloff  set  off  on  a 
journey  to  find  and  document  the  stories  of 
Arabs  and  Jews  who  interacted  during 
World  War  II,  research  that  would  eventu- 
ally yield  a  book,  Among  the  Righteous:  Lost 
Stories  from  the  Holocaust's  Long  Reach  into 
Arab  Lands  (Public Affairs,  2006).  Satloff 
mined  state  archives  in  Europe  to  piece 
together  official  histories.  He  read  journals 
of  survivors  and  sifted  through  lists  of  in- 
ternees at  North  African  labor  camps.  He 
posted  notes  on  message  boards  frequented 
by  Holocaust  survivors  and  their  families. 

During  the  course  of  his  research,  he 
heard  from  many  survivors,  including  Anny 


Arab  interest:  Egypt's 
major  newspapers, 
including  Al-  Wafd, 
reported  on  Satloff's 
visit  to  the  country 
in  January  to  share 
his  research 


Boukris.  In  an  e-mail  message,  she  told  him, 
"The  Arabs  saved  many  Jews,  hurt  also  other 
Jews.  I  don't  know  very  well  these  stories.  I 
remember  very  well  only  our  story."  Satloff 
was  uncertain  at  first  whether  to  believe  her 
story,  and  historians  to  whom  he  related  it 
were  skeptical.  Still,  he  sent  the  researcher 
to  record  Boukris'  account,  which,  tran- 
scribed, spanned  eighty-three  pages.  Just 
two  months  later,  Boukris  died.  "It  was  as 
though  somebody  had  finally  taken  her  seri- 
ously," Satloff  says.  "She  had  finally  told  her 
story,  and  then  she  died." 

Inspired  by  her  account,  Satloff  traveled 
to  Mahdia,  Tunisia,  and,  with  the  help  of  a 
phonebook,  located  two  Arab  women,  child- 
hood friends  Boukris  had  mentioned.  He 
approached  them  and  asked,  without  pro- 
viding context,  about  the  Boukrises.  He  was 
delighted  when  they  were  able  to  recall  not 
only  details  about  the  family,  but  also  con- 
firm that  Anny  stayed  at  Abdelwahhab's  farni 
during  World  War  II. 

"That  was  like  one  of  these  'Eureka'  mo- 
ments because  it  was  purely,  independently 


confirmed  from  people  who  had  no  stake  in 
the  issue,"  Satloff  says.  "I  knew,  at  that  mo- 
ment, that  Anny's  story,  in  its  core  elements, 
was  true.  It  was  a  very  human  moment,  too. 
I  had  other  moments  of  proof.  Those  were 
more  documentary  moments.  But  when  you 
have  it  [directly]  from  these  people,  it  was 
very  powerful."  Satloff  recently  arranged 
another  very  human  moment:  a  meeting  be- 
tween Boukris'  daughter  and  one  of  Abdel- 
wahhab's daughters  during  an  event  at  the 
Museum  of  Tolerance  in  Los  Angeles.  He 
describes  the  moment  as  one  of  the  most 
moving  experiences  of  his  career.  Abdel- 
wahhab's daughter  Faiza  Abdul  Wahab  told 
NPR's  Morning  Edition,  "We  feel  like  sisters. 
We  just  felt  very  close  right  away." 
She  reflected  on  her  father,  who  died  ten 


It  is  also  worth  mentioning  that  in  his 
book,  Satloff  doesn't  focus  solely  on  the 
Arab  "heroes."  In  order  to  provide  context, 
he  devotes  a  large  section  to  a  discussion  of 
the  official  mistreatment  of  Jews  by  the 
colonial  governments  of  the  time.  He  then 
lists  the  ways  in  which  some  Arabs  helped 
the  Nazis  and  other  occupiers — working  at 
labor  campus,  harassing  Jews  in  public,  in- 
forming on  them  in  private.  It  is  only  with 
this  context  established  that  he  begins  to 
investigate  the  stories  of  Jews  who  were  saved 
by  Arabs,  and  the  stories  of  the  Arabs  who 
saved  them.  His  explicit  message  of  tolerance 
and  bridge-building  is  that  Arabs  can  begin 
to  embrace  their  role  as  heroes.  But  implicit 
in  the  work  also  seems  to  be  a  counter-argu- 
ment directed  at  Arabs,  especially  Palestin- 


sa_Jjij  >i^  vi^  ^  ^  <i  jls '+^1 


u^UJl>JI       u'i 


jj-Ua-MiUJlj^+^JujI^U^j      u*Vi— alio— il   ui-J  ..le-n^J       i^J^.i~J loL-4>JJSJ-J..fUVl. 

'"'J .^««Ji,jL3U..,Jy£i:a-i>   'iwli-iij-^j^fi^+Jj-Jiiii     tii^j-^L^u^LVjj^i^^Ij     ujla-laj— JiJalfUj,Jiiiu..i,i 


years  ago.  "The  relation  between  Jews  and 
Arabs  affected  him  a  lot,  and  now  I  under- 
stand why,  because  maybe  he  was  dreaming 
of  a  perfect  world  where  Jews  and  Arabs 
were  families." 

Of  course,  not  all  Arabs  have  jumped  to 
embrace  Satloff's  research.  Though  several 
were  excited,  or  at  least  unsurprised,  to  hear 
of  their  ancestors'  deeds,  others  were  less 
welcoming,  ostensibly  because  such  identi- 
fication might  arouse  suspicions  in  the  com- 
munity about  their  being  soft  on  Zionists. 
Ebrahim  Moosa,  associate  professor  of  Islamic 
studies  and  director  of  Duke's  Center  for  the 
Study  of  Muslim  Networks,  says  it's  a  tra- 
gedy when  such  "humanizing"  portraits  of 
Arabs  are  repressed.  "The  irony  is  that  given 
the  deteriorating  environment  between  Arabs 
and  Muslims  and  Jews  because  of  the  rise  of 
the  state  of  Israel,  such  acknowledgement 
has  become  so  politically  freighted,"  he 
says.  "Somehow  this  good  deed  is  turned  in- 
to a  regret  because  of  the  way  in  which  many 
Arabs  and  Muslims  see  former  victims  be- 
coming oppressors." 


ians,  who  claim  that  they  have,  through  the 
creation  of  Israel,  been  forced  to  do  penance 
for  what  was  an  entirely  European  crime. 

Robert  Satloff  will  be  the  first  to  tell 
you  that  he  is  not  a  Holocaust  histo- 
rian by  training.  Until  the  release  of 
Among  the  Righteous,  he  was  known 
primarily  for  his  role  in  guiding  the  Washing- 
ton Institute. 

The  institute  is  generally  regarded  as  one 
of  the  city's  more  influential  foreign-policy 
think  tanks.  Former  staffers,  fellows,  and 
board  members  have  gone  on  to  play  promi- 
nent roles  in  each  of  the  last  three  presiden- 
tial administrations.  "You  can  see  just  by 
browsing  a  list  of  staff  members,  people  who 
have  been  fellows,  visiting  scholars,  it's  kind 
of  a  'Who's  Who'  of  Middle  East  policy  ad- 
visers and  even  policy  makers,"  says  Chris 
Toensing,  executive  director  of  the  Middle 
East  Research  and  Information  Project.  The 
institute  hosts  weekly,  invitation-only  lun- 
cheons attended  by  executive-branch  staff 
members,  diplomats,  journalists,  and  other 


48 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


policy  experts.  Every  four 
years  it  forms  a  Presi- 
dential Commission  on 
Middle  East  Policy  to  put 
together  policy  recom- 
mendations for  the  in- 
coming president. 

"We  made  a  decision 
early  on  that  we  were 
never  going  to  be  deeply 
in  bed  with  any  adminis- 
tration," Satloff  says.  "But 
we  never  want  to  be  in  the 
wilderness.  We  never  want 
to  be  irrelevant.  Being  rel- 
evant is  the  most  impor- 
tant thing."  The  task  has 
been  made  easier  by  the  nature  of  Middle 
East  discussions.  Unlike  other  hot-button 
political  issues,  Middle  East  debates  do  not 
fall  easily  along  partisan  lines. 

Even  so,  some  observers  refer  to  the  insti- 
tute as  an  arm  of  the  "Israel  lobby."  This  char- 
acterization is  not  completely  inaccurate. 
Martin  Indyk,  the  institute's  founding  director, 
was  a  former  research  director  of  the  Amer- 
ican Israel  Public  Affairs  Committee,  and 
even  today  the  institute's  experts  often  sup- 
port the  policies  of  the  Israeli  government. 

But  while  Satloff  says  he  doesn't  mind  the 
institute  being  viewed  as  pro-Israeli — "among 
the  principles  that  I  think  [are]  very  impor- 
tant and  this  institute  has  advanced  is  that 
a  strong  U.S.  relationship  with  Israel  is  in 
America's  national  interest,"  he  says — he 
argues  that  the  situation  is  not  the  zero-sum 
game  that  some  make  it  out  to  be. 

"There  is  no  contradiction  between  hav- 
ing strong  relations  with 
Israel  and  having  strong 
relations  with  Arab  states 
in  the  region,"  he  says, 
pointing  out  that  in  the 
previous  two  weeks,  the 
institute  hosted  the  Bah- 
raini  foreign  minister,  the 
Egyptian  foreign  minister, 
and  the  Israeli  deputy  de- 
fense minister. 

The  decorations  in 
Satloff's  office,  while  un- 
derstated, also  testify  to 
multi-national  relation- 
ships and  interests.  On 
one  wall,  alongside  pho- 
tos of  his  children,  hangs 
a  tapestry  depicting  the 


"I'm  telling  these 
stories  of  people  who 
haven't  had  their 
stories  told  for  more 
than  half  a  century, 
and  they've  been 
carrying  them  around 
and  people  haven't 
listened,"  Satloff  says 


AMONG  THE 
RIGHTEOUS 


ROBERT  SATLOFF 


old  city  of  Tunis,  a  gift 
from  the  Tunis  foreign 
ministry.  Nearby  is  a 
framed  draft  of  the  Israeli 
Constitution,  written  in 
the  early  days  of  state- 
hood but  never  ratified. 
On  a  shelf  under  the 
window  sit  trinkets  that 
include  a  letter  opener 
from  the  foreign  minis- 
ter of  Jordan  and  a  com- 
memorative photo  of  the 
minister's  family,  evoca- 
tive of  the  signed  George 
W.  Bush  photos  that 
hang  in  many  other  of- 
fices around  the  city.  A  coffee  table  from 
Morocco  stands  next  to  a  rug  from  Iran. 

Satloff  rummages  through  his  desk,  in 
search  of  his  "prized  possession."  After  a  few 
minutes  of  searching,  he  finds  it:  a  signed 
autobiography  of  the  late  King  Hussein  of 
Jordan,  who  almost  twenty  years  ago  gave 
Satloff,  then  a  graduate  student  conducting 
research  for  his  dissertation,  special  access 
to  the  state  archives. 

The  policy  expert's  ability  to  forge  rela- 
tionships in  the  Middle  East  was  among  the 
reasons  he  was  tapped  to  create  and  host 
Dakhil  Washington,  a  weekly  news  and  inter- 
view program  on  the  U.S.  government's  Ara- 
bic-language television  channel,  al-Hurra. 
(He  is  the  only  non-Arab  to  host  a  program 
on  an  Arab  satellite  channel.  For  archived 
episodes:  alhurra.com/archive.aspx.) 

Satloff  was  initially  critical  of  the  U.S. 
government's  plan  to  start  the  station;  but 
once  it  was  approved,  he 
put  his  considerable 
weight  behind  it.  "If 
you're  going  to  do  it,  do 
it  well,"  he  says.  "That's 
one  of  my  basic  princi- 
ples." The  stated  purpose 
of  the  show  is  to  help 
Arab  viewers  get  a  better 
understanding  of  how 
Washington  works.  Dur- 
ing one  segment,  Satloff 
talked  with  Kenneth 
Wollack,  president  of  the 
National  Democratic  In- 
stitute for  International 
Affairs,  about  how  the 
U.S.  can  aid  democracy 
worldwide  without  forc- 


ing the  American  model  on  others. 

As  an  undergraduate  at  Duke,  Satloff  was 
already  thinking  seriously  about  Middle 
Eastern  issues,  studying  Arabic  and  major- 
ing in  comparative  area  studies.  Outside 
class,  he  served  as  an  editor  for  The  Chron- 
icle, writing,  among  other  things,  an  inves- 
tigative piece  about  a  local  branch  of  the 
Ku  Klux  Klan  and  reporting  on  secret  facul- 
ty meetings  about  the  proposed  Nixon  li- 
brary. He  went  on  to  earn  a  master's  in  Mid- 
dle Eastern  studies  from  Harvard  University 
in  1985,  then  joined  the  staff  of  the  recently 
formed  Washington  Institute.  After  three 
years  in  Washington,  he  enrolled  in  a  D.Phil, 
program  at  the  University  of  Oxford,  study- 
ing modem  Middle  Eastern  history. 

In  1990,  he  married  Litvack,  and  moved 


History  reconsidered:  Satloff  talks  with  a  local 
Berber  man  at  the  site  of  a  Vichy-era  "punishment" 
camp  not  far  from  the  Algerian  border 

with  her  to  Cameroon,  where  he  wrote  his 
dissertation — he  received  his  D.Phil,  in 
1991 — while  she  completed  her  own  doc- 
toral research.  "I  like  to  say  we  had  a  honey- 
moon in  Cameroon,"  he  says. 

Returning  to  the  U.S.  soon  after,  Satloff 
resumed  working  for  the  institute,  and  when 
its  founding  director,  Indyk,  left  in  early 
1993  to  take  a  position  on  President  Bill 
Clinton's  National  Security  Council,  Sat- 
loff took  the  reins. 

"One  of  the  things  Rob  brings  to  the  ta- 
ble is  his  academic  background,"  says  Bruce 
Jentleson,  a  professor  of  public-policy  stud- 
ies and  political  science  at  Duke  who  got  to 
know  Satloff  in  Washington  while  working 
as  a  high-level  policy  adviser.  "He  has  a 
scholarly  understanding  to  go  with  his  poli- 
cy positions.  Sometimes  [in  Washington]  you 
find  those  as  either/or." 

As  a  scholar,  Satloff  has  written  or  edited 
nine  other  books  and  frequent  reports  for 
the  Washington  Institute,  but  those  were, 


May-June  2007 


to  a  large  extent,  aimed  at  the  foreign-poli- 
cy crowd.  For  example,  The  Battle  of  Ideas  in 
the  War  on  Terror,  published  in  2004,  com- 
prises a  series  of  essays  written  between  2001 
and  2004  that  address  questions  about  U.S. 
diplomacy  in  the  Middle  East.  Among  the 
Righteous  is  the  first  he's  written  for  a  popu- 
lar audience.  The  style  is  more  narrative 
than  his  previous  works.  "This  is  Rob  the 
historian,"  Jentleson  says. 

Satloff  has  been  moved  by  his  role  as  a 
historian.  "These  are  people  whose  stories 
haven't  been  told  for  sixty  years,"  he  says  of 
his  subjects.  "At  some  point  in  my  research, 
I  had  this  sense  of  real  burden,  that,  'Oh  my 
gosh,  I'm  telling  these  stories  of  people  who 
haven't  had  their  stories  told  for  more  than 
half  a  century,  and  they've  been  carrying 
them  around  and  people  haven't  listened.'  " 

The  impact  of  these  stories — well  docu- 
mented in  the  book's  extensive  footnotes — 


opened  the  doors  to  ar- 
chives that  included, 
among  other  documents, 
extensive  lists  of  inter- 
nees in  North  African 
camps  and  allowed  many 
of  those  survivors  to  be 
recognized  officially  for 
the  first  time. 

"What  Dr.  Satloff  has 
also  done  is  to  call 
greater  attention  to  this 
part  of  the  history,  which 
generally  has  been  under-researched,"  says 
Wesley  A.  Fisher,  director  of  research  for 
the  Conference  on  Jewish  Material  Claims 
Against  Germany,  a  U.S. -based  group  that 
helps  connect  Holocaust  survivors  with  the 
German  funds.  "In  our  grant  making,  we 
have  since  made  a  call  for  research  projects 
that  deal  with  Sephardim,  and,  in  particu- 


The  project  began 
as  a  simple 
question:  Did  any 
Arabs  save  any 
Jews  during 
the  Holocaust? 


Government  relations:  Satloff  interviews  White  House  press  secretary  Tony  Snow  on  Dakhil  Washington 


on  the  Holocaust  narrative  and  the  people 
who  lived  through  it  has  been  significant. 
During  the  postwar  period,  the  German 
government  and  German  corporations  set 
up  funds  to  pay  restitution  to  Holocaust  vic- 
tims, but  most  of  those  funds  require  sub- 
stantial documentation  before  applications 
are  accepted  and  compensation  given.  Be- 
cause of  the  dearth  of  research  on  North 
African  slave-labor  camps,  applications  from 
survivors  from  these  countries  were  almost 
always  rejected.  Even  before  Among  the 
Righteous  was  published,  Satloff's  research 


lar,  the  North  African  Jews."  (In  return  for 
Satloff's  help,  Fisher's  office  made  contacts 
for  him  among  the  survivor  community, 
some  of  whom  he  contacted  in  the  course  of 
researching  his  book.) 

Satloff  has  also  been  in  regular  contact 
with  the  United  States  Holocaust  Memo- 
rial Museum.  The  museum  is  in  the  process 
of  translating  several  exhibitions  available 
on  its  webpage  into  Arabic  and  Farsi  (and 
will  also  add  Urdu,  Chinese,  and  Russian 
versions,  resources  permitting).  Among  the 
materials  being  translated  are  two  chapters 


from  Among  the  Righteous. 
"Those  are  language  areas 
where  there  are  no  reli- 
able materials  available 
about  the  Holocaust,"  says 
Arthur  Berger,  a  senior  ad- 
viser to  the  museum.  He 
says  that  last  year,  the  mu- 
seum's website  had  some 
70,000  visitors  from  Arab 
and  Muslim  countries;  he 
expects  that  number  to 
rise  as  more  translated  ma- 
terials are  posted.  And  Satloff's  research  may 
be  especially  relevant  to  this  new  audience. 

The  reaction  to  Satloff's  book  from  the 
Middle  East  has  been  varied.  Soon  after  it 
was  published  in  the  U.S.,  a  Moroccan  news- 
paper ran  a  story  implying  that  Satloff's 
book  blamed  Arabs  for  the  Holocaust.  La- 
ter, under  pressure  from  the  local  Jewish 
community,  it  printed  a  second  story  focusing 
on  Satloff's  "heroes."  Earlier  this  year,  he 
was  invited  by  the  U.S.  Department  of  State 
to  give  a  series  of  lectures  in  Egypt  and  Is- 
rael based  on  his  research.  He  says  the  re- 
ception was  mixed,  but  he  delights  in  having 
received  front-page  coverage  in  three  Egyp- 
tian newspapers.  "Not  everybody  liked  what 
I  had  to  say,  but  everybody  was  respectful, 
especially  at  an  official  level,"  he  says. 

Perhaps  most  exciting  for  Satloff  is  a  re- 
cent announcement  from  Yad  Vashem,  the 
Israeli  memorial.  This  spring,  as  a  result  of 
the  testimonies  and  documents  that  Satloff 
had  compiled,  Khaled  Abdelwahhab,  the 
Boukris  family's  rescuer,  became  the  first 
Arab  to  be  considered  by  a  committee  for 
"Righteous  Among  the  Nations"  status.  If 
i  his  nomination  is  approved,  Abdelwahhab 
will  become  the  first  Arab  officially  recog- 
nized by  Israel  for  his  role  in  saving  Jews. 

The  significance  is  not  lost  on  Mordecai 
Paldiel,  who  served  as  head  of  the  memori- 
al's Righteous  Among  the  Nations  depart- 
ment for  twenty-four  years  and,  based  on 
communications  with  Satloff,  opened  the 
nomination  process  for  Abdelwahhab  be- 
fore retiring  this  spring. 

"Yad  Vashem  is  trying  to  show  that  the 
human  spirit  is  alive  and  is  kicking  every- 
where," he  says.  "It  doesn't  make  a  differ- 
ence if  you  are  an  Arab  or  not,  Muslim  or 
Christian.  People  who  have  an  appreciation 
of  life  and  humanity,  they'll  step  forward 
and  do  something.  It  applies  everywhere. 
This  should  be  no  surprise."  ■ 


PUKE  MAGAZINE 


Books 


A  Weil-Paid  Slave:  Curt  Flood's  Fight  for  Free  Agency 
in  Professional  Sports 

By  Brad  Snyder  '94.  Viking,  2006.  480pages.  $25.95. 


Heroes  are  always  more  interesting 
when  presented  as  fully  formed  peo- 
ple. Jackie  Robinson's  first  season  in 
the  majors,  sixty  years  ago,  must 
have  taken  an  unimaginable  toll  on  him, 
and  that's  the  problem — it's  still  nearly 
unimaginable. 

We  know  Robinson  kept  his  promise  to 
Branch  Rickey  and  didn't  fight  back  against 
verbal  and  physical  assaults  during  the  1947 
season.  We  know  Kentucky-born  Pee  Wee 
Reese  put  a  sheltering  arm  around  Robin- 
son on  the  field  in  Cincinnati  during  an 
especially  hot  and  difficult  day.  We  know 
Robinson  was  exceptionally  brave  and  a 
damn  fine  ballplayer,  considering  baseball 
was  his  third-best  sport.  But  while  his  story 
has  been  the  stuff  of  legend  for  two  or  three 
generations  now,  we  don't  really  know 
Jackie  Robinson,  the  man.  Maybe  now  that 
Brad  Snyder  has  finished  his  meticulously 
researched  and  spellbinding  biography  of 
Curt  Flood,  he  should  consider  doing  some- 
thing about  that. 

If  you  don't  immediately  grasp  Curt  Flood's 
significance,  or  why  he's  worthy  of  the  treat- 
ment he  receives  in  Snyder's  A  Well-Paid 
Slave,  welcome  to  the  club. 
I've  worked  in  and  around 
baseball  for  twenty-two 
years,  and  while  I  was  aware 
of  Flood  as  a  vaguely  tragic 
figure  whose  lawsuit  against 
the  reserve  clause  destroyed 
his  career  but  paved  the  way 
for  Alex  Rodriguez  to  make 
$252  million,  I'd  never 
taken  the  time  to  learn  the 
details. 

In  the  mid-  to  late  1960s, 
with  Mickey  Mantle  crip- 
pled by  bad  knees  and  Wil- 
lie Mays  winding  down, 
Curt  Flood  was  baseball's 
best  centerfielder.  He  helped  the  St.  Louis 
Cardinals  win  three  pennants  and  a  World 
Series  in  the  decade,  earning  seven  Gold 
Gloves  for  his  defense. 


Flood  was  a  prominent 
supporter  of  the  NAACP, 
he  had  spoken  at  rallies 
in  Mississippi  alongside 
Medgar  Evers,  and  he 
was  among  the  many 
thousands  of  Americans 
in  those  days  who  came 
under  surveillance  by 
the  FBI. 


Flood  was  on  the  cusp  of  his  first  $100,000- 
a-year  deal,  which  would  have  put  him 
among  the  game's  elite  earners  in  those 
antiquated  times.  But  after  twelve  seasons, 
the  Cardinals  sensed  correctly  that  the  thir- 
ty-one-year-old was  past  his  prime,  so  with 
barely  a  farewell  they  traded  him  to  Phil- 
adelphia in  December  of  1969.  The  Cardi- 
nals thought  it  was  just  business  as  usual. 
But  they  didn't  know  Curt  Flood. 

Flood  was  by  nature  and  heritage  a  fighter. 
His  mother,  Laura,  had  battled  racism  in 
DeRidder,  Louisiana,  as  far  back  as  1915. 
Slapped  by  a  white  sales  clerk  in  a  lumber 
mill's  company  store,  Laura  fought  back, 
and  to  avoid  retribution,  she  and  her  family 
fled  to  Oakland,  California. 

Curtis,  the  youngest  of  her  five  children, 
loved  baseball,  and  he  was  talented  enough 
to  earn  a  contract  from  the  Cincinnati  Reds. 
Playing  in  North  Carolina,  South  Carolina, 
and  Georgia  in  1956  and  '57,  Flood  got  a 
bitter  taste  of  what  Robinson  had  experi- 
enced. "One  of  my  first  and  enduring  mem- 
ories," he  said  of  his  time  in  High  Point- 
Thomasville,  "is  of  a  large,  loud  cracker 
who  installed  himself  and  his  four  little  boys 
in  a  front-row  box  and 
started  yelling  'black  bas- 
tard' at  me." 

Flood  was  playing  win- 
ter ball  in  Venezuela — 
1958  was  to  be  his  rookie 
year  in  the  big  leagues — 
when  he  found  out  that 
rather  than  field  the 
majors'  first  all-black  out- 
field, the  Reds  had  dealt 
him  to  St.  Louis.  Humil- 
iated and  angry,  he  vowed 
he  would  never  let  himself 
be  traded  again. 

But  thanks  to  a  1922  Su- 
preme Court  ruling  (writ- 
ten by  Oliver  Wendell  Holmes  Jr.,  no  less), 
Flood  didn't  have  much  recourse.  Here's 
where  Snyder,  a  lawyer,  really  stands  out, 
bringing  to  life  the  characters  and  decisions 


that  have  unjustly  maintained  Major 
League  Baseball's  antitrust  exemption. 
Alone  among  major  sports,  baseball  is  not 
considered  to  be  interstate  commerce  (try 
and  wrap  your  mind  around  that  one),  and 
for  more  than  100  years  a  byproduct  of  this 
legal  monopoly  was  something  called  the 
reserve  clause.  Essentially  it  stipulated  that 
a  player  was  bound  to  his  contract  for  life, 
with  no  prospect  of  free  agency  and  no  abil- 
ity to  determine  his  own  professional  fate. 

Flood  was  deeply  influenced  not  just  by 
his  own  experiences  but  by  the  civil-rights 
movement.  He  was  a  prominent  supporter 
of  the  NAACP,  he  had  spoken  at  rallies  in 
Mississippi  alongside  Medgar  Evers,  and,  as 
Snyder  discovered,  he  was  among  the  many 
thousands  of  Americans  in  those  days  who 
came  under  surveillance  by  the  FBI.  In  Cal- 
ifornia, Flood  fought  and  won  in  court 
against  a  racist  landlord  who  had  tried  to 
prevent  him  from  moving  into  a  house  he'd 
rented.  So  his  reaction  at  being  packed  off 
to  Philly,  the  Siberia  of  the  National  League 
at  the  time,  was  to  just  say  no.  "A  well-paid 
slave,"  he  told  Howard  Cosell,  "is  nonethe- 
less a  slave." 

Enlisting  the  support  of  Marvin  Miller, 
the  executive  director  of  the  nascent  MLB 


May-June  2007 


51 


Players  Association,  Flood  elected  to  take 
on  the  baseball  establishment.  Snyder  takes 
us  inside  the  judicial  process  for  dramatic 
testimony  from  a  wide  range  of  characters, 
including  Jackie  Robinson  himself.  Hobbled 
by  the  side  effects  of  advanced  diabetes, 
half-blind,  and  prematurely  gray,  Robinson 
appeared  in  a  federal  courtroom  in  New 
York's  Foley  Square — the  dramatic  high- 
light of  the  book.  In  prophetic  and  some- 
times bitter  tones,  Robinson  doesn't  just  ad- 
vocate free  agency,  he  forecasts  its  advent. 
"Unless  there  is  a  change  in  the  reserve 
clause,"  he  testified,  "it  is  going  to  lead  to  a 
serious  strike." 

Snyder's  account  of  the  Supreme  Court's 
machinations  and  ultimate  ruling  against 
Flood  rivals  the  scenes  in  Bob  Woodward's 
The  Brethren.  And  the  story  of  what  hap- 
pens to  Flood,  mentally  and  physically,  is 
right  out  of  The  Lost  Weekend.  Flood  lost  in 
court,  but  it  was  the  loss  of  his  baseball 
career  that  brought  out  his  worst  qualities 
for  a  time.  He  was  profligate,  a  womanizer, 
and  often  profoundly  drunk.  After  gaining 
renown  as  an  amateur  artist,  he  passed  off 
the  work  of  others  as  his  own.  But  with  the 
help  of  his  third  wife,  Judy,  he  pulled  out  of 
his  spiral  and  even  found  ways  to  reconnect 
with  baseball  before  his  death  from  throat 
cancer  in  1997. 

Flood's  case  focused  national  attention 
on  MLB's  restrictive  rules.  By  1976,  under 
Miller's  leadership  and  in  the  aftermath  of 
two  work  stoppages,  the  union  succeeded  in 
modifying  the  reserve  clause.  Today,  Flood's 
old  teammates  sound  justifiably  embarrassed 
that  they  let  him  go  through  his  ordeal 
alone.  Not  one  Cardinals  player  spoke  out  on 
his  behalf,  or  even  showed  up  in  court  to 
support  him.  Says  Joe  Torre:  "i  can't  give  you 
a  good  reason  why  we  weren't  there." 

Unlike  Curt  Flood,  they  couldn't  muster 
the  courage  to  stand  up  for  themselves. 
Sometimes  that's  all  it  takes  to  make  a  man 
a  hero. 

— ]on  Scher  '84 

Scher,  a  former  managing  editor  of  Baseball 
America  and  scoreboard  operator  at  Durham 
Athletic  Park,  is  a  senior  editor  at  ESPN 
The  Magazine. 


The  Foundation: 

A  Great  American  Secret 

By  Joel  L.  Fleishman.  Public  Affairs ,  2006. 
280 pages.  $27.95. 

There  are  some  68,000  foundations  in 
America,  holding  assets  of  half  a  tril- 
lion dollars  and  making  grants  of  more 
than  $30  billion  a  year.  It  is  this  di- 
verse, unruly,  and  growing  universe  that 
Joel  Fleishman  defines  and  describes  in  The 
Foundation:  A  Great  American  Secret.  Fleish- 
man, a  Duke  professor  of  law  and  public-      aim  is  to  examine  those  foundations  that 
policy  studies,  knows  whereof  he  speaks.  He     have  achieved  high  impact, 
has  been  a  foundation  executive,  a  trustee,         How  do  foundations  achieve  high  im- 
and  a  phenomenally  successful  grant  seeker,      pact?  What  are  the  barriers?  How  can  they 

do  better?  These  are  his  chief  concerns. 
Fleishman  and  his  staff  have  analyzed  100 
case  studies,  available  online  at  www.pubpol. 


He  organizes  a  faculty  seminar  through 
Duke's  Terry  Sanford  Institute  of  Public 
Policy  that  brings  foundation  leaders  to 
campus  to  discuss  how  foundations  develop     duke.edu/dfrp/casesl,  but  twelve  are  included 


their  visions  and  measure  their  impact. 
Fleishman  is  a  keen  observer  of  the  philan- 
thropic scene  and  a  careful  analyst  of  the 
trends  and  foibles  of  this 


secret  sector. 

Why  secret?  Why  does 
the  public  know  so  little 
about  this  large  and  pow- 
erful segment  of  our  socie- 
ty? Fleishman  finds  the 
chief  ailments  of  founda- 
tions to  be  lack  of  accountability  and  lack 
of  transparency — "foundations  are  not,  in 
effect,  accountable  to  anyone,"  he  con- 
cludes. They  are  required  to  file  annual  tax 
returns  and  to  give  away  a  mandated  per- 
centage of  their  assets  each  year,  but  there  is 


Why  does  the  public 
know  so  little  about  this 
large  and  powerful 
segment  of  our  society? 


in  the  book.  Thus,  there  is  empirical  evi- 
dence for  the  conclusions  that  discipline, 
boundaries,  and  persistence  are  key  ingre- 
dients. There  is  a  chap- 
ter with  the  ominous  title 
"How  Foundations  Fail." 
There  is  also  good  infor- 
mation on  new  trends  in 
philanthropy;  for  in- 
stance, the  old  "stock 
picker"  model  gives  way  to 
"venture"  philanthropy,  where  foundations 
join  grantees  in  "doing"  the  projects,  not 
just  funding  them.  There  is  also  a  strong  rec- 
ommendation for  foundations  to  self-regu- 
late by  becoming  more  open  about  their 
decision-making  processes  and  their  fail 


no  "authority"  that  monitors  what  they     ures.  He  suggests  a  new  system  of  oversight 


fund.  And  they  do  not  publish  descriptions 
of  their  failures.  Indeed,  only  a  tiny  fraction 
even  print  an  annual  report. 

It  is  important  to  note  that  Fleishman 
confines  his  work  to  the  very  large  founda- 
tions that  engage  in  what  he  calls  "instru- 
mental giving."  Instrumental  giving  seeks 
to  achieve  particular  social  aims.  Expressive 
giving,  on  the  other  hand,  simply  "express- 
es" the  foundation's  approval  of  or  loyalty 
to  an  institution,  without  necessarily  seek- 
ing to  change  it.  His  universe  is,  then,  nar- 
rowed to  the  2  percent  of  foundations  that 
control  70  percent  of  all  the  assets.  His 


for  all  nonprofits,  not  just  foundations.  He 
suggests  that  the  IRS  or  a  new  government 
agency  might  tackle  this  unwieldy  task. 

Yet  despite  the  cautions  and  caveats,  Heish- 
man  is  adamantly  in  favor  of  foundations. 
His  book,  largely  written  in  the  first  person, 
reads  like  a  companionable  essay,  written  by 
an  affectionate  observer.  It  is  a  valiant  at- 
tempt to  bring  the  "great  American  secret" 
into  the  light  of  a  bright  new  day. 

—ElizabethH.  Locke  '64,  Ph.D.  '72 

Locke  is  a  former  president  of  The  Duke 
Endowment  in  Charlotte. 


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Alumni  Register 


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Alumni  Register 


Statistically  Significant 

In  Jerry  Reiter's  introductory  statistics 
classes,  his  students  say,  it  doesn't  mat- 
ter whether  you  are  a  math  nerd  on  the 
Ph.D.  track  or  a  liberal-arts  major  ful- 
filling a  curriculum  requirement — you  will 
be  stimulated. 

Reiter  '92,  an  assistant  professor  of  statis- 
tics and  decision  sciences,  wants  students  to 
see  how  statistics  are  applicable  to  their 
daily  lives,  using  tangible  examples  drawn 
from  economics,  medicine,  public  policy, 
sports,  and  the  natural  and  social  sciences. 
As  he  told  Duke  Magazine  ("The  Art  of  En- 
lightenment," November- December  2006), 
"My  philosophy  on  teaching  has  always 
been  to  try  to  make  it  interesting.  You  have 
to  let  that  passion  come  through." 

Reiter's  passion  for  his  subject,  as  well  as 
his  genuine  enthusiasm  for  his  students' 
progress,  has  earned  him  the  Duke  Alumni 
Association's  2007  Alumni  Distinguished 
Undergraduate  Teaching  Award  (ADUTA). 
In  nominating  him,  one  student  noted  that 
"Classes  on  statistics  don't  usually  have  the 
reputation  for  being  great  experiences.  At 
best,  they're  supposed  to  be  boring  and  bear- 
able. At  worst,  they've  been  called  mind- 
deadening  and  agonizing.  But  in  this  profes- 
sor's statistics  class,  almost  every  stereotype 
about  how  statistics  should  be  seems  irrele- 
vant." 

After  graduating  from  Duke  with  a  major 
in  mathematics,  Reiter  earned  both  his 
master's  and  Ph.D.  in  math  from  Harvard 
University.  He  taught  at  Williams  College 
and  the  University  of  California  at  Santa 
Barbara  before  taking  a  post  at  Duke  in 
2002.  In  addition  to  his  academic  appoint- 
ments, Reiter  is  a  senior  fellow  at  the  Na- 
tional Institute  of  Statistical  Sciences  and 
an  associate  editor  of  Survey  Methodology, 
the  Journal  of  Privacy  and  Confidentiality , 
and  the  Journal  of  the  American  Statistical 
Association.  He  also  serves  on  the  National 
Academy  of  Sciences'  Panel  on  Dynamics 
of  Economic  Well-Being  Systems  and  the 
National  Center  for  Education  Statistics 
Confidentiality  Task  Force. 

This  was  Reiter's  third  nomination  for 
the  ADUTA  award.  As  in  past  letters  of  en- 


dorsement, this  year's  nominators  cited  the 
engaging  classroom  atmosphere  that  Reiter 
creates  from  the  start  of  the  semester.  "The 
first  day  of  class,"  wrote  one  student,  "the 
professor  shook  my  hand  and  introduced 
himself  to  me  and  to  each  one  of  the  125 
students  as  they  walked  in.  There  was  al- 
ready a  puzzle  up  on  the  board:  a  map  of 
19th-century  London  with  blue  dots  in 
every  home  where  someone  died  of  cholera. 
On  that  first  day  of  class,  [Reiter]  promised 
we  could  use  statistics  to  unravel  the  mys- 
tery of  the  deaths  and  find  their  source  by 


looking  at  their  distribution.  And  we  did! 

"I  enjoyed  this  professor's  eager  and  en- 
thusiastic teaching  style  [so  much]  that  I 
convinced  another  senior,  an  English  major, 
to  take  the  class  with  me  not  as  a  require- 
ment . . .  but  to  benefit  in  our  last  semester 
from  the  passion  of  a  gifted  instructor." 

The  Alumni  Distinguished  Teaching 
Award  will  be  presented  to  Reiter  during 
Founders'  Day  ceremonies  on  September 
27.  The  award  includes  a  $5,000  stipend 
and  $1,000  for  Duke  Libraries  to  purchase 
materials  recommended  by  the  recipient. 


Tangible  teaching:  Reiter  helps 

i    Q 

students  understand  how 
statistics  apply  to  everyday  life 

1  * 

h                   *1 

CAREER  CORNER 


Ask  the  Expert 

I've  been  told  that  before  I  accept  a  job,  1 
should  look  at  the  total  compensation  pack- 
age. What  does  that  mean? 

Compensation  consists  of  salary 
and  benefits.  If  you're  young  and 
healthy,  it's  natural  to  focus  on 
the  money.  But  you  may  expose 
yourself  to  unnecessary  risk  and  also 
leave  money  on  the  table. 

The  benefit  most  often  overlooked  is 
the  employer's  contribution  to  your 
retirement — usually  through  a  403(b)  or 
401  (k)  plan.  Essentially,  the  employer  is 
giving  you  a  salary  increase  that  is  in- 
vested and  grows  (with  taxes  deferred) 
— along  with  your  own  contribution — 
until  you  take  it  out  for  retirement  or 
another  legitimate  reason.  Small  amounts 
invested  when  you're  young  can  result  in 
a  much  greater  nest  egg  than  larger 
amounts  later  on.  However  long  you  stay 
with  your  employer,  the  money  you  per- 
sonally invest  will  always  be  yours. 

Pay  special  attention  to  your  employer's 
health  plan.  Health  premium  plans  and 
costs  vary  significantly  from  employer  to 
employer.  Sometimes  your  employer  pays 
most  of  the  costs;  sometimes  you  do. 
Health  insurance  is  a  must.  All  it  takes 
is  cutting  your  hand  on  broken  glass  or 
twisting  your  ankle  in  a  pickup  basketball 
game  to  discover  that  even  simple  med- 
ical procedures  cost  hundreds  of  dollars. 

If  you're  at  a  different  stage  of  life — 
perhaps  with  young  children  or  elderly 
parents — you'll  want  to  investigate  the 
organization's  life,  long-term  care,  and 
disability  insurance.  These  are  particu- 
larly important  when  others  depend  on 
you  and  can  provide  peace  of  mind. 
Other  benefits  such  as  access  to  subsi- 
dized daycare  or  gym  memberships — not 
to  mention  tuition  assistance — can  save 
you  thousands  of  dollars. 

Every  Duke  graduate  will  e\  aluate 
compensation  packages  through  a  differ- 
ent lens.  Look  at  your  personal  needs  and 
lifestyle,  and  before  you  jump  for  salary, 
calculate  the  value  of  the  benefits,  too. 
— Sheila  Curran 

Curran  is  the  Fannie  Mitchell  Executive 
Director  of  the  Career  Center. 

The  Career  Center,  in  partnership  with  the 
DAA,  provides  career  advice  to  alumni. 
Send  questions  or  inquiries  to  career-alum- 
ni@s  tudentaffairs  .duke,  edu . 


Futrell  Journalism 
Award  Winner 


Ignore  the  hoopla  about  blogs  and  other 
"new  media."  Despite  their  struggles, 
print  newspapers  remain  your  best  source 
for  thoughtful  analysis  and  probing  in- 
vestigations. That  was  the  message  of  "Life 
as  an  Endangered  Species:  Reflections  of 
a  Newspaper  Reporter,"  a  lecture  delivered 
in  February  by  Kevin  Sack  '81,  the  winner 
of  the  2006-07  Futrell  Award  for  Outstand- 
ing Achievement  in  Communications  and 
Journalism.  Sack,  then  with  the  Los  Angeles 
Times,  is  now  a  national  correspondent  for 
The  New  York  Times.  (For  an  edited  version  of 
Sack's  talk,  see  Under  the  Gargoyle,  p.  80.) 
Even  as  print  newspapers  are  shrinking 
their  staffs,  closing  their  foreign  bureaus,  and 
eliminating  other  newsgathering  resources, 
their  role  in  maintaining  and  strengthening 
a  free  society  is  becoming  increasingly  im- 
portant, Sack  said.  The  new  media  are  not 
picking  up  the  old  media's  job  of  reporting 
the  news  "fully  and  fairly." 

Sack,  who  shared  a  Pulitzer  Prize  in  2003 
for  revealing  fatal  design  flaws  in  Marine 
Harrier  jets,  noted  that  John  Carroll,  a  for- 
mer editor  of  the  Los  Angeles  Times,  "made  an 
informed  estimate  that  at  least  80  percent  of 
America's  news  originates  with  newspapers." 
Yet  newspapers  are  shrinking  their  staffs  and 
newsgathering  sources  at  an  ever-increasing 
rate.  The  L.A.  Times  has  won  thirteen  Pulit- 
zers since  2000,  but  its  Monday-Saturday 
circulation  has  declined  by  27  percent  over 
that  same  period. 

In  addition  to  warning  about  the  perils  of 


a  newspaper-less  future,  Sack  talked  about 
his  career  in  journalism — a  career  that  has 
included  covering  four  presidential  cam- 
paigns, countless  natural  disasters,  and  the 
attempts  of  a  gay  couple  to  become  surro- 
gate parents.  He  cited  a  desire  to  tell  others' 
stories  and  an  incorrigible  sense  of  curiosity 
as  the  chief  reasons  he  became  a  journalist. 
"My  thirteen-year-old  daughter  even  accus- 
es me,  usually  with  a  roll  of  her  eyes,  of 
interviewing  her  friends,"  he  said. 

The  Futrell  award  was  established  in 
1999  by  Ashley  B.  Futrell  Jr.  '78,  the  pub- 
lisher of  the  Washington  (N.C.)  Daily  News, 
as  a  tribute  to  his  father  Ashley  B.  Futrell  Sr. 
'33.  The  award,  administered  by  the  DeWitt 
Wallace  Center  for  Media  and  Democracy, 
is  presented  annually  to  a  Duke  alumna  or 
alumnus  who  has  excelled  in  the  fields  of 
journalism  and  communications.  Past  win- 
ners have  included  Clay  Felker  '51,  Hon. 
'98,  the  founding  editor  of  New  York  maga- 
zine and  a  former  editor  of  Esquire  and  the 
Village  Voice;  Judy  Woodruff '68,  Hon.  '98, 
senior  anchor  for  CNN;  and  Charlie  Rose 
'64,  J.D.  '68,  host  of  the  Charlie  Rose  Show. 
— Jared  Mueller  '09 

Read  Along  With  Duke 

Whether  you're  already  a  long- 
standing member  of  a  book  club 
or  simply  drawn  to  intellectual 
discourse,  a  new  program  called 
Duke  Reads  offers  a  number  of  enticing  rea- 
sons to  join  other  Duke  alumni  and  friends 
for  a  series  of  book-related  conversations. 
Sponsored  by  the  Duke  University  Libraries 
and  the  Duke  Alumni  Association  (DAA), 


56 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


DUKE  I 
READSl 


Duke  Reads  features  a 
monthly  book  selection 
chosen  by  a  prominent 
member  of  the  Duke 
community  who  will 
lead  an  online  discus- 
sion. The  program  will 
launch  this  fall  and  run 
throughout  the  aca- 
demic year.  The  first 
selection,  The  Best  of 
Enemies:  Race  and  Re- 
demption in  the  New 
South  by  Osha  Gray 
Davidson,  is  also  the 
assigned  reading  for 
the  first-year  student 
reading  program. 

Rachel  Davies  72, 
A.M.  '89,  DAA  direc- 
tor of  alumni  education  and  travel,  says  that 
the  program  provides  an  opportunity  for 
multigenerational,  interdisciplinary  conver- 
sations around  such  topics  as  evolutionary 
biology,  race  relations,  and  American  cul- 
ture. "Through  Duke  Reads,  an  alumna  in 
China,  an  engineering  graduate  student, 
and  a  Duke  staff  member  can  share  their 
questions  and  insights  about  the  same  book 
in  real  time,  without  leaving  their  houses." 
Those  selecting  the  books  to  be  read  in- 
clude Richard  H.  Brodhead,  president;  Thomas 
Ferraro,  professor  of  English;  Deborah  Ja- 
kubs,  Rita  DiGiallonardo  Holloway  Uni- 
versity Librarian  and  vice  provost  for  library 
affairs;  Stuart  Pimm,  Doris  Duke  Professor 
of  conservation  ecology  in  the  Nicholas 
School  of  the  Environment  and  Earth  Sci- 
ences; Reynolds  Price  '55,  James  B.  Duke 
Professor  of  English;  and  Anne  Firor  Scott, 
W.K.  Boyd  Professor  Emerita  of  history. 

"Sharing  insights  through  a  common 
book  will  bring  alumni  together  in  entirely 
new  ways,"  says  Jakubs.  "Duke  Reads  pres- 
ents a  fine  opportunity  for  the  libraries  to 
partner  with  the  Duke  Alumni  Association 
to  strengthen  the  ties  within  our  wider 
Duke  community  while  promoting  intellec- 
tual inquiry  and  stimulating  discussion." 

Davies  encourages  prospective  participants 
to  register  at  www.dukereads.com  to  receive 
e-mail  updates  and  discussion  questions.  The 
website  features  links  to  the  Gothic  Book- 
shop, which  will  stock  the  books,  as  well  as 
updated  information  about  the  assigned 
books  and  the  monthly  online  discussions. 

Other  partners  in  the  Duke  Reads  ven- 
ture include  Duke  Magazine,  Duke  Univer- 
sity Press,  the  English  department,  the  First- 
Year  Reading  Program,  and  the  Office  of 
Student  Affairs. 


RETROSPECTIVE 


Selections  from  the  University  Archives 


For  generations  Trinity 
College  and  Duke  University 
students  celebrated  the  end 
of  the  academic  year  by  low- 
ering the  class  flag  at  sunset  on  the 
Wednesday  before  commencement. 
This  tradition  was  replaced  by  a  recep- 
tion for  graduating  students  in  1975, 
but  in  2004,  President  Nannerl  Keo- 
hane  revived  it  for  her  final  commence- 
ment. In  her  baccalaureate  speech  the 
day  before  graduation,  Keohane  said: 
"The  Trinity  College  Class  of  1 904 
established  the  precedent  of  lowering 
a  flag  at  the  sounding  of  Trinity's  tradi- 
tional 'sunset  bell'on  their  last  day,  when 
every  one  of  the  twenty-eight'retiring 
seniors'  (two  women  and  twenty-six 
men)  paused  with  uncovered  heads ... . 
I  hope  all  of  you,  along  with  all  your 


families  and  associated  friends  and 
relations  who  have  gathered  to  cele- 
brate this  weekend  with  you  will  come 
to  the  Saturday  afternoon  reception  on 
the  East  Duke  Lawn  that  honors  the 
graduating  classes. 

"At  the  reception,  I  encourage  you 
to  be  ready  for  a  brief  nostalgic  cere- 
mony. Precisely  at  5:30,  the  back- 
ground music  from  the  Duke  Wind 
Ensemble  will  cease  for  a  moment,  an 
officer  will  lower  the  Duke  flag  from 
the  pole  in  front  of  the  White  Lecture 
Hall,  and  theTrinity  College  Bell  will 
ring  out  an  end  to  the  day  and  a  new 
beginning  forthe  Class  of  2004." 

Members  of  the  Class  of  1899  would 
have  appreciated  Keohane's  remarks. 
Astheirclass  gift,  they  gave  Trinity 
campus  the  flagpole  that  was  used  to 


launch  the  tradition  in  1 904.  D.W. 
Newsom,  part  of  that  Class  of  1 899, 
wrote  a  song  that  was  sung  at  the  low- 
ering of  the  flag.  The  last  stanza  reads: 

Long  live  our  Mother  brave, 
Long  may  Old  Glory  wave  o'er  Trinity! 
Truth,  honor,  faith,  and  love 
Ne'er  from  thy  sons  shall  move, — 
Steadfast  as  heaven  above 
To  Trinity. 

— Tim  Pyatt  'SI,  University  Archivist 

Strike  up  the  band:  observing  the 
lowering  of  the  class  flag 


Career  Assist 


Two  new  staff  members  have  joined 
the  Office  of  Alumni  Affairs,  the  bet- 
ter to  enhance  and  expand  alumni 
career  options.  Louise  Giordano,  for- 
merly a  career  counselor  at  Brown  Univer- 
sity, is  the  new  alumni  career  adviser. 

Before  coming  to  Brown,  Giordano  worked 
in  Providence  College's  alumni  career  ad- 
vising program  for  five  years.  Her  back- 
ground also  includes  directing  business 
placement  at  Johnson  &  Wales  University 


and  teaching  foreign  languages  in  public 
and  private  schools  in  New  England. 

New  alumni  career  coordinator  Maria 
Crawford  works  in  collaboration  with  the 
Career  Center  and  the  Duke  Alumni  Asso- 
ciation to  strengthen  the  relationship  with 
alumni  through  recruiting  mentors  and  vol- 
unteers who  can  provide  career  advice  to 
Duke  students  and  alumni.  Crawford  also 
assists  with  Career  Week  and  Homecoming 
career  programs  and  is  responsible  for  man- 
aging the  DukeConnect  volunteer  database. 
For  a  complete  list  of  alumni  career  services: 
www.dukealumni .  com/career. 


May-Jt 


57 


Welcome  Back 


M 


ore  than  3,500  alumni,  family  members, 
and  guests  gathered  on  campus  for  Re- 
unions Weekend  in  April.  Here's  a  roundup 
of  attendance:  Class  of  1957,  278  attend- 
ing; Class  of  1  962, 1 1 0;  Class  of  1 967, 1 38;  Class  of  1 972, 
209  (a  35th  reunion  record);  Class  of  1977, 200;  Class  of 
1982, 416;  Class  of  1987, 566;  Class  of  1992, 296;  Class  of 
1997, 509;  Class  of  2002, 715  (a  5th  reunion  record). 

Throughout  the  weekend,  alumni  mingled  with  class- 
mates at  class-headquarters  tents  and  affinity-group 
tents  located  in  Krzyzewskiville;  toured  buildings  and  re- 
search centers  that  have  sprung  up  on  campus  in  the 
years  since  they  graduated;  lunched  in  Cameron  Indoor 


Stadium;  enjoyed  a  dance  performance  at  The  Ark  on 
East  Campus;  and  took  in  various  faculty  and  student 
panels  and  lectures.  Rob  Jackson,  a  professor  of  biology, 
delivered  a  lecture  called  "Left  or  Right  Brain?  A  Biol- 
ogist's Secret  Life  as  a  Children's  Poet."Gareth  Guvanasen, 
a  Pratt  School  of  Engineering  junior,  talked  about  the 
study  of  robotics  at  Duke. 

The  celebration  peaked  with  Saturday  night's  Re- 
unions Gala,  held  in  a  festival  tent  across  from  the  soccer 
and  lacrosse  fields,  where  alumni  ate,  drank,  and  danced 
the  night  away  to  jazz,  swing,  and  funk.  Mid-evening 
they  stepped  outside  to  enjoy  a  fireworks  display  before 
heading  back  for  another  dance. 


HottV 


58         DUKE  MAGAZINE 


•  • 

*  - 

• 

Convivial  convergence:  Alumni  connected  with  old  friends, 
heard  faculty  perspectives,  played  and  partied,  and  made  new 
memories  at  Reunions  2007 

May-June  2007  59 


Class  Notes 


WRITE:  Class  Notes  Editor,  Duke  Magazine, 
Box  90572,  Durham,  N.C.  27708 

FAX:  (919)  6S1-1659  (typed  only,  please) 

E-MAIL:  dukemag@duke.edu 

(Include  your  full  name,  address,  and  class  year 

with  your  submission.) 

CHANGE  OF  ADDRESS:  Alumni  Records, 
Box  90581,  Durham,  N.C.  2770S. 
Please  include  mailing  label. 

E-MAIL  ADDRESS  CHANGES  TO:  bluedevil@duke.edu 

NOTICE:  Because  of  the  volume  of  class  note  material 
we  receive  and  the  long  lead  time  required  for 
typesetting,  design,  and  printing,  your  submission 
may  not  appear  for  two  to  three  issues.  Alumni  are 
urged  to  include  spouses'  names  in  marriage  and  birth 
.  We  do  not  record  engagements. 


Half-Century  Club 


Joseph  Blake  Tyson  '50,  B.D.  '53  has  had 
Marcion  and  Luke-Acts:  A  Defining  Struggle  published 
by  the  University  of  South  Carolina  Press.  He  is  a 
fellow  of  the  Westar  Institute  in  Santa  Rosa,  Calif., 
and  a  member  of  the  Christian  Scholars  Group  on 
Christian-Jewish  Relations,  based  at  Boston  College. 
He  retired  in  1 998  after  40  years  teaching  at  Southern 
Methodist  University,  where  he  is  professor  emeritus 
of  religious  studies. 

Henry  B.  Clark  II  '53  has  written  his  first  novel, 
Trophy  Boy,  published  by  Author  House.  Clark  is  a 


retired  religion  professor  who  has  taught  at  Duke, 
Union  Theological  Seminary,  and  the  University  of 
Southern  California.  He  has  published  dozens  of 
journal  articles  and  more  than  15  scholarly  books. 

William  B.  Huntley  Jr.  '55,  Ph.D.  '64  was  named 

the  2006  Mortar  Board  Professor  of  the  Year  for 
academic  excellence,  commitment  to  students,  and 
service  to  the  College  of  Arts  and  Sciences  at  the 
University  of  Redlands.  As  a  result,  he  was  chosen  to 
ride  on  the  University  of  Redlands  100th  Anniversary 
Celebration  Rose  Bowl  Float  in  the  2007  Rose  Parade. 


1960s 


John  Michael  Oldham  '62  has  been  named  chief 
of  staff  of  The  Menninger  Clinic  in  Houston.  He 
previously  served  as  professor  and  chair  of  psychiatry 
and  behavioral  sciences  at  the  Medical  University  of 
South  Carolina. 

Baxter  Lee  Davis  '63  has  been  recognized  as  a 
member  of  Georgia's  Legal  Elite  by  Georgia  Trend 
magazine.  Davis  is  a  founding  member  and  share- 
holder of  Davis,  Matthews  &  Quigley  in  Atlanta, 
where  he  practices  family  law. 

John  C.  Bernhardt  Jr.  A.M.  '67  serves  as  the  vice 
president  of  the  board  of  directors  of  MemoryCare, 
an  Asheville,  N.C,  charity  that  provides  treatment 
and  support  to  people  suffering  from  Alzheimer's  dis- 
ease. MemoryCare  named  its  caregiver  education 
room  in  his  honor  in  October. 

Charles  Dowling  Williams  '69  has  released  a 
collection  of  poetry,  Asparagus  Seems  Deaf,  published 
by  Harmony  House  Publishers.  He  also  received  the 
Tom  Wallace  Forestry  Award  in  May  2006  for  his 


management  of  his  1,107  acres  of  property.  Williams 
is  a  principal  in  the  law  firm  Williams  &  Williams  in 
Mumfordville,  Ky. 


1970s 


John  Bowers  '71  has  published  his  fourth  book, 
Chaucer  and  Langland:  The  Antagonistic  Tradition. 
He  was  supported  by  a  Guggenheim  Fellowship  and  a 
Visiting  Research  Fellowship  at  Merton  College,  Oxford, 
where  he  was  a  Rhodes  Scholar  from  1973  to  1976. 

Irwin  Paul  Mandelkern  J.D.  '74  has  been  re- 
elected to  the  board  of  directors  and  elected  as  secre- 
tary of  the  Flotida  Academy  of  Healthcare  Attorneys. 
He  is  a  partnet  at  Lowndes,  Drosdick,  Dostet,  Kantor 
&  Reed,  in  Orlando,  Fla. 

John  D.  Nash  M.H.A.  '75  has  been  named  the 
senior  vice  president  of  the  heland  Cancer  Center  at 
Univetsity  Hospitals  Case  Medical  Center  in 
Cleveland.  He  previously  served  as  executive  vice 
ptesident  and  chief  operating  officer  of  St.  Jude 
Children's  Research  Hospital  in  Memphis,  Tenn. 

William  J.  Bierbower  76  has  been  appointed 
chief  counsel  at  NASA's  Marshall  Space  Flight 
Center  in  Huntsville,  Ala.  He  previously  served  as 
directorate  lead  counsel  for  the  Exploration  Systems 
Mission  Directorate  at  NASA  Headquarters  in 
Washington. 

J.  Bennett  Clark  76  has  joined  the  international 
law  firm  Bryan  Cave  as  a  partner  in  its  St.  Louis 
office.  He  previously  worked  at  a  St.  Louis  intellectual- 
property  boutique,  where  he  served  as  the  chair  of  the 
litigation  ptactice  group  for  more  than  15  years. 

Michael  K.  Kuhn  76  has  been  included  in  Texas 


Duke  can  now  invest  certain  life  income 
gifts  with  the  university's  endowment. 
While  past  performance  is  no  promise 
of  future  growth,  Duke's  endowment 
has  consistently  been  one  of  the 
top-performing  university  endowments 
in  the  nation.  This  giving  opportunity 
may  appeal  to  individuals  who 
are  comfortable  with  more  aggressive 
long-term  investment  strategies. 

To  learn  more  about  life  income  gifts, 
which  can  provide  you  with  an  annual 
income  as  well  as  immediate  tax 
benefits,  please  contact: 


Duke  University  Office  of  Gift  Planning 

2127  Campus  Drive,  Box  90600 

Durham,  NC  27708 

Phone      (919)681-0464 

Fax  (919)684-9731 

Email       giftplanning@dev.duke.edu 

Web         www.giftplanning.duke.edu 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Super  Lawyers  magazine.  He  is  a  partner  with  Jackson 
Walker  in  Houston,  where  he  practices  real-estate  law. 

Kathleen  Ann  Stephenson  J.D.  76  has  been 
elected  chair  of  the  Philadelphia  Bar  Association's 
Probate  and  Trust  Law  Section  for  2007.  She  is  a 
partnet  with  Pepper  Hamilton  in  Philadelphia,  where 
she  practices  estate  planning  and  administration  and 
related  tax  work. 

Andrew  C.  Williams  76  has  been  recognized  as  a 
member  of  Georgia's  Legal  Elite  by  Georgia  Trend 
magazine.  Williams  is  a  partner  with  Morris,  Manning 
&  Martin  in  Atlanta,  where  he  practices  in  the  areas 
of  real-estate  development  and  finance  and  real-estate 
capital  markets. 

Pamela  A.  Cook  77  has  been  designated  an 
advanced  certified  tundraiMng  executive  by  the 
Association  of  Fundraising  Professionals.  She  lives  in 
San  Rafael,  Calif.,  and  is  the  principal  of  an  execu- 
tive search  and  development  firm. 

Laurence  E.  Sherr  78  became  the  first  American 
selected  for  full  participation  in  an  Austrian  festival 
commemotating  the  1945  death  of  Anton  Webern. 
He  participated  at  the  KOFOMI  Composers'  Con- 
ference and  Festival  Sept.  7-16  as  part  of  an  artist  ex- 
change between  the  Virginia  Center  for  the  Creative 
Arts  and  the  state  of  Salzburg.  Sherr  is  composer-in- 
residence  and  an  associate  professor  of  music  at 
Kennesaw  State  Univetsity. 

Scott  Fugate  Midkiff  79,  Ph.D.  '85  has  been 
appointed  a  program  director  at  the  National  Science 
Foundation  in  the  electrical,  communications,  and 
cyber-systems  division  of  the  directorate  for  engineering. 

Diane  Prucino  79  has  become  co-managing  part- 
ner of  Kilpatrick  Stockton,  a  national  law  firm  with 
mote  than  500  lawyers  based  in  Atlanta. 


ft 


1980s 


Todd  Evan  Jones  '80  was  selected  King  Eno  VII  of 

the  Gran  Bal  Masque  Mardi  Gras  celebration  sponsored 
by  the  Mystic  Ktewe  of  Eno  in  Hillsborough,  N.C. 
Chosen  for  his  "kindness  to  small  animals,  derring-do, 
and  general  luck  of  the  draw,"  Jones  was  joined  on 
the  royal  court  by  his  wife,  Queen  Eno  VI,  Bridget 
Hays  Booher  '82,  A.M.  '92,  and  William 
Devereux  Palmer  '80,  Ph.D.  '91.  In  his  non-regal 
hours,  Jones  is  chief  information  officer  of  Orange 
County,  N.C. 

Bruce  Jay  Ruzinsky  '80,  J.D.  '83  has  been 
included  in  Texas  Super  Lawyers  magazine.  He  is  a 
partner  with  Jackson  Walker  in  Houston,  where  he 
practices  bankruptcy  and  creditor/debtor-rights  law. 

Mark  William  Durand  '81  lives  in  Princeton,  N.J., 
with  his  wife,  Gianna,  and  daughter,  Serina.  He  is 
senior  vice  president  and  CFO  of  Teva  Pharmaceuticals. 

George  W.  Poe  Ph.D.  '81  was  recognized  as  the 
2006  Tennessee  Professor  of  the  Year.  Poe  is  a  profes- 
sor of  French  and  French  studies  at  Sewanee:  The 
University  of  the  South. 

Robert  F.  Neuhaus  '82  has  joined  Taylor  Nelson 
Sofres  as  executive  vice  president  of  U.S.  financial 
services.  He  lives  in  New  Canaan,  Conn.,  with  his 
wife,  Cecily,  and  their  three  children. 

Mary  Morgan  Reeves  '85  has  joined  the  staff  of 
the  North  Carolina  Community  Foundation  as  legal 
counsel.  Before  joining  the  NCCF,  she  worked  for  the 
law  firm  Morgan,  Reeves  &  Gilchrist  in  Lillington, 
N.C.  She  has  also  served  as  president  of  the  board  of 
Playspace  Children's  Museum  and  on  the  boards  of 
Kids  Voting  and  Habitat  for  Humanity  of  Wake  County. 


MINI-PROFILE 


Alan  Jabbour 
A.M.  '66,  Ph.D.  '6 
striking  up  the  fiddle 


A 


Ian  Jabbour  fell  in  love 
with  the  old-time  fid- 
dle when  he  was  a 
graduate  student  at 
Duke,  but  it  was  hardly  his  first  en- 
counter with  the  instrument.  A  violinist 
from  the  age  of  seven,  Jabbour  played 
with  the  Jacksonville  Symphony,  the 
Brevard  Music  Festival  Orchestra,  the 
Miami  Symphony,  and  the  University  of 
Miami  String  Quartet,  all  before  he 
arrived  at  Duke  to  study  literature. 

Then  came  a  revelation.  "I  had  been 
interested  in  folk  music  when  I  was  an 
undergraduate — Odetta,  the  Kingston  j 
Trio,  Joan  Baez,"says  Jabbour.  "Then      j 
at  Duke  one  of  my  first  classes  was  a 
seminar  in  the  traditional  ballad.  We 
dragged  out  some  Library  of  Congress 
field  recordings  and  played  them. 
They  had  an  authenticity,  a  real  power, 
which  derived  from  hearing  them 
played  by  people  for  whom  that  music 
was  a  way  of  life.  I  was  smitten.  Nothing 
would  do  but  that  I  would  go  meet 
these  musicians.  And  off  I  went." 

Jabbour  traveled  the  hills  and  hol- 
lows of  North  Carolina,  Virginia,  and 
West  Virginia,  recording  instrumental 
folk  music,  folk  songs,  and  folklore. 
"The  other  collectors  collected  tales  or 
ballads,"  says  Jabbour.  "I  collected  old- 
time  fiddle  tunes.  Once  I  started  right 
there  in  Durham  County,  one  thing  led 
to  another.  Encouraged  by  the  fiddlers  I 
met,  I  took  out  the  fiddle  again  myself." 
Jabbour s  research  evolved  into  an  ap- 
prenticeship when  he  met  Henry  Reed, 
a  Virginia  fiddler  then  in  his  eighties. 
From  these  adventures  a  group  of 
young  musicians  emerged  who  were  at 
the  heart  of  the  old-time  music  scene 
in  Durham  in  the  late  1960s.  Jabbour 
taught  the  fiddle  repertory  he  had 
learned  from  Reed  to  friends,  and  they 
formed  the  Hollow  Rock  String  Band,  a 


group  from  which  "the  ripples  are  still 
spreading,"  he  says. 

In  1968,  the  year  Henry  Reed  died, 
the  Hollow  Rock  String  Band  released 
an  LP,  and  Jabbour  moved  on  to  teach 
English  and  ethnomusicology  at  the 
University  of  California  at  Los  Angeles. 
Just  a  year  later,  he  came  back  east  to 
head  the  Archive  of  Folk  Song  (now  the 
Archive  of  Folk  Culture)  at  the  Library 
of  Congress.  In  1971,  he  moved  to  the 
National  Endowment  for  the  Arts  as 
founding  director  of  that  agency's 
grant-giving  program  in  folk  arts.  A 
career  built  around  recognizing  and 
recording  American  folk  culture  moved 
into  high  gear.  It  would  be  filled  with 
publishing,  recording,  conferences,  fes- 
tivals— and  fiddling. 

In  1976,  Jabbour  returned  to  the 
Library  of  Congress  as  founding  direc- 
tor of  the  American  Folklife  Center  and 
stayed  there  until  retiring  in  1 999.  He 
marked  that  event  by  founding  the 
Henry  Reed  Fund  for  Folk  Artists,  named 
for  his  fiddle  mentor. 

Since  then,  Jabbour  has  taught, 
recorded,  and  toured  from  his  home 
base  in  Washington,  with  his  wife, 


Karen  Singer  Jabbour  A.M.  '68.  He  has 
also  explored  his  own  roots,  speaking 
about  his  Arab-American  heritage  at  a 
conference  in  2006.  "My  grandfather 
came  to  America  from  Syria  and  had 
dreams.  My  father  followed  him  and 
joined  him  in  this  country.  No  matter 
where  you  are  from,  yourfamily  story- 
telling creates  a  felt  connection 
between  your  past  and  your  present 
life  in  America. 

"It's  curious  that  my  father  was  an 
immigrant,  and  I  ended  up  the  most 
attentive  person  to  certain  cultural  tra- 
ditions here.  Henry  Reed  was  first  gen- 
eration, too.  His  father  came  as  a  boy 
from  Ireland  to  America." 

The  story  of  an  Arab-American  boy 
who  meets  an  Irish-American  fiddler  in 
the  mountains  of  Virginia  and  goes  on 
to  share  his  tunes  with  a  new  genera- 
tion of  musicians:  Sounds  like  a  ballad, 
doesn't  it?  Strike  up  the  fiddle. 

— Catherine  O'Neill  Grace 

Grace  is  a  freelance  writer  based  in  Buf- 
falo, New  York.  For  information  about 
Alan  Jabbour's  upcoming  performances, 
go  to  www.alanjabbour.com. 


May-June  2007 


MINI-PROFILE 


Shelley  Moore  Capito  '75,  capitalizing  on  an  independent  streak 


Shelley  Moore  Capito  likes  to 
joke  that  her  major  in  zo- 
ology from  Duke  prepared 
her  well  for  her  career.  "Be- 
cause now  I  work  in  the  biggest  zoo  in 
America — the  U.S.  Congress/'quips 
the  four-term  Congresswoman  from 
West  Virginia. 

Capito,  who  represents  her  state's 
Second  District  in  the  House  of  Repre- 
sentatives, is  the  only  Republican  and 
the  only  woman  in  the  West  Virginia 
Congressional  delegation.  She  was  one 
of  the  few  Republican  incumbents  to 
hold  on  to  her  seat  in  the  November 
2006  election.  The  daughter  of  former 
West  Virginia  Governor  Arch  A.  Moore 
Jr.,  she  readily  acknowledges  that  she 
may  seek  higher  office  someday. 

Yet,  as  a  young  woman,  Capito 
never  imagined  herself  entering  poli- 
tics. She  took  premed  courses  at  Duke 
and  earned  a  master's  degree  in  high- 
er-education counseling  at  the  Univer- 
sity of  Virginia.  Soon  after,  she  married, 
had  three  children  (Charles  L.  Capito  III 
'03,  Arch  M.  Capito  '05,  and  Shelley  E. 
Capito  '08),  and  spent  the  next  fifteen 
years  at  home,  raising  them. 

It  was  not  until  1 996  that  Capito  de- 
cided to  run  for  public  office.  "I  felt  that 
I  really  wanted  to  try  to  make  a  differ- 


ence in  my  state  and  try  to  make  a  better 
environment  for  our  children  to  grow 
up  in,"she  says.  By  a  slim  margin, 
Capito  won  a  seat  in  West  Virginia's 
House  of  Delegates. 

As  a  member  of  the  State  House,  she 
found  herself  drawn  to  health  issues 
such  as  finding  help  forthose  without 
health  insurance  and  obesity  prevention. 
"Those  early  seeds  I  planted  at  Duke  [as 
a  premed  student]  followed  me,"she  says. 

Then  in  2000  a  seat  opened  in  the 
House  of  Representatives,  and  Capito 
began  an  uphill  campaign  as  a  Repub- 
lican in  a  traditionally  Democratic  dis- 
trict. Her  message  was  simple:  She  was 
a  family  person  and  a  West  Virginian 
who  wanted  to  help.  As  she  met  with 
voters,  she  tried  to  present  herself  as 
honest,  plainspoken,  and  a  good  listen- 
er. It  was  a  tight  race  in  which  she"ran 
like  crazy," she  says,  and  ultimately 
beat  her  opponent. 

Less  than  a  year  after  she  was  elected, 
Capito  was  sitting  in  her  office  when  the 
World  Trade  Center  and  the  Pentagon 
were  struck  by  airplanes  hijacked  by 
terrorists.  "I  could  see  the  smoke  from 
the  Pentagon,"she  recalls/'Everything 
changed  in  my  perspective.  I  realized 
these  are  tremendously  historic  times 
and  what  we  are  facing  is  so  uncertain." 


Capito  re-dedicated  herself  to  issues 
that  she  cares  about,  such  as  creating 
economic  opportunities  and  afford- 
able, high-quality  health  care.  She  also 
traveled  to  Afghanistan  and  Iraq  to 
meet  with  U.S.  troops. 

She  says  she  began  working  hard  to 
address  the  public's  growing  cynicism 
about  elected  officials  and  the  partisan 
atmosphere  in  Congress  by  demon- 
strating to  voters  that  she  was  listening 
to  them,  and  not  just  voting  along 
party  lines."People  want  to  see  an  in- 
dependent streak,"  she  says. 

Ever  since  her  re-election,  Capito 
says,  shehasmadeita  priority  to  be 
accessible  to  residents  in  her  district, 
because  she  believes  that  the  better 
voters  know  her,  the  more  they  will 
trust  her  to  make  decisions  for  their 
families  and  their  future. 

"I  am  still  doing  the  grocery  shop- 
ping, going  to  movies  downtown,  and 
doing  the  same  stuff  I  did  before," 
Capito  says.  "I  don't  try  to  make  myself 
anything  more  than  I  am." 

— Malina  Brown 

Brown's  work  has  been  published  in 
The  Washington  Post,  The  Philadelphia 
Inquirer,  and  The  News  &  Observer, 
among  other  publications. 


Thomas  Cooney  McThenia  Jr.  '86  has  been 
named  of  counsel  for  Lowndes,  Drosdick,  Doster, 
Kantor  &  Reed.  He  practices  in  the  areas  of  intellec- 
tual property,  technology  and  software,  Internet,  licens- 
ing and  sports,  and  media  and  entertainment  law. 
Susan  Heneson  Moskowitz  '86  has  been 
installed  as  an  associate  rabbi  of  Temple  Beth  Torah 
in  Melville,  N.Y.  She  previously  served  as  the  rabbi 
educator  of  the  congregation. 

Jeffrey  Michael  Nadaner  '86  has  been  appoint- 
ed Deputy  Assistant  Secretary  of  Defense  for 
Partnership  Strategy.  He  oversees  security  coopera- 
tion in  more  than  150  countries  and  the  global  pos- 
ture of  American  forces.  Nadaner  lives  with  his  wife, 
Deborah,  and  three  children  in  Potomac,  Md. 

Gregory  James  Davis  '88  has  been  named  a 
partner  at  Saul  Ewing.  He  is  a  member  of  the  litiga- 
tion and  real-estate  departments  in  the  firm's 
Chesterbrook,  Pa.,  office. 

Lyle  Blaine  Thomas  '88  has  accepted  a  position 
on  the  staff  of  Church  Resource  Ministries  in  St. 
Petersburg,  Russia.  His  work  includes  cultivating 
leadership  in  the  church  and  business  worlds.  He  and 
his  family  also  plan  to  mentot  the  orphan  and  street- 
children  populations  of  St.  Petersburg. 

Susan  Heathcote  Vickers  '88  is  the  founder  of 

Victim  Rights  Law  Center,  a  Boston-based  charity 
designed  to  assert  rape  victims'  civil  fights.  The 
VRLC  was  selected  for  recognition  as  a 
Massachusetts  2006  Catalogue  for  Philanthropy  charity. 
Board  members  of  the  VRLC  include  William 

Maurice  "Mo"  Cowan  '91  and  Ellen  Michelle 
Bublick  '88. 

Laura  Bolton  Smith  '89  has  been  promoted  to 
vice  president  and  treasurer  of  Plum  Creek  Timber 
Co.  Inc. 

MARRIAGES:  Susan  G.  Pinke  '86  to  Robert  C. 
Tarn  on  Aug.  20,  2006.  Residence:  Woodmere,  N.Y. 

BIRTHS:  Second  child  and  first  daughter  to  Audrey 
Lynn  Hillyard  '89  and  Vincent  Desiderioscioli, 
on  Oct.  22,  2006.  Named  Emilia  Alice... Third  child 
and  second  son  to  Maureen  Smith  Waters  '89 

and  Tom  Waters,  on  March  13,  2006.  Named 
Nicholas  Patrick. 


1990s 


Roger  Wayne  Byrd  J.D.  '90  has  joined  the 
Rochester,  N.Y.,  office  of  Nixon  Peabody  as  a  partner 
in  the  firm's  business  group.  He  previously  served  as 
the  senior  vice  president  and  genetal  counsel  of 
Choice  One  Communications. 

Michael  Thomas  Sell  '90  was  recently  awarded 
honorable  mention  in  the  Joe  A.  Callaway  biennial 
prize  competition,  sponsored  by  New  York  University's 
English  and  drama  departments,  for  his  book,  Avant- 
Garde  Performance  anil  the  Limits  of  Criticism:  Approaching 
the  Living  Theatre,  HappeningslFluxus ,  and  the  Black 
Arts  Movement,  published  by  the  University  of 
Michigan  Press.  Sell  is  an  associate  professor  of  Eng- 
lish at  Indiana  University  of  Pennsylvania. 

Karen  Elaine  Brinster  '91  has  been  named  an  as- 
sociate actuary  at  GEICO.  She  lives  in  Rockville,  Md. 
Mark  David  Scheinblum  J.D.  '92  has  been  elect- 
ed to  the  board  of  directors  of  the  Central  Florida 
Zoo.  He  has  also  been  reappointed  to  a  three-year 
term  on  the  Leadership  Orlando  (Fla.)  board  of  direc- 
tors and  he  serves  as  vice  chair  of  membership. 
Scheinblum  is  a  partner  at  Lowndes,  Drosdick,  Doster, 
Kantor  &  Reed  in  Orlando. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Elizabeth  Biffl  '93  is  a  trial  lawyer  with  the  crimi- 
nal section  of  the  Department  of  Justice  Civil  Rights 
Division  in  Washington.  She  previously  served  as  a 
prosecutor  in  Florida  for  nine  years.  Biffl  lives  in 
Alexandria,  Va. 

Rebecca  Mather  McNeill  M.S.  '93  has  been  pro- 
moted to  of  counsel  at  Finnegan,  Henderson,  Farabo, 
Garrett  &  Dunner,  an  intellectual-property  law  firm 
based  in  Washington.  She  practices  biotechnology 
patent  prosecution  and  client  counseling.  McNeill 
also  serves  on  the  board  of  directors  of  the  Women's 
Bar  Association  of  the  District  of  Columbia  and  sings 
with  the  praise-and-worship  band  at  Mount  Olivet 
United  Methodist  Church. 

Daniel  Chiel  White  '93  has  been  named  a  partner 
at  Bryan  Cave  in  St.  Louis.  He  practices  mergers  and 
acquisitions,  tax-free  reorganizations,  restructurings, 
and  spin-offs  and  partnership  law  transactions. 

Regis  Jeffrey  Legath  '95  has  been  named  a  part- 
ner in  Dechert,  an  international  law  firm.  He  is  a 
member  of  the  firm's  Philadelphia  office,  practicing 
private-equity  and  mergers  and  acquisitions  law. 

Stephanie  Zapata  Moore  '95  is  practicing  law 
as  a  corporate  and  securities  lawyer  with  TXU  Energy 
in  Dallas. 

John  Montgomery  Pearson  '95  is  a  third-grade 
math  teacher  in  Dallas.  He  has  written  a  humorous 
fictionalized  account  of  his  first  year  as  a  teacher, 
Learn  Me  Good. 

Miles  E.  Hall  '96  was  recognized  as  a  Georgia  Super 
Lawyer-Rising  Star  in  the  October  2006  issue  of 
Atlanta  magazine.  That  designation  is  awarded  to  dis- 
tinguished lawyets  who  are  40  years  old  or  younger  or 
have  been  in  practice  for  10  years  or  less. 

Reed  Jeremy  Hollander  J.D.  '96  has  been  named 

a  partner  at  Nelson  Mullins  Riley  &  Scarborough 
in  Raleigh.  He  is  the  2006-07  chair  of  the  North 
Carolina  Bar  Association's  Constitutional  Rights  and 
Responsibilities  Section.  Hollandet  lives  in  Cary, 
N.C.,  with  his  wife,  Beth,  and  two  children,  Linnea 
and  Logan. 

Steven  Andrew  Pigott  M.S.  '96,  MBA.  '97 
resides  in  Canton,  Ga.,  and  works  in  global  business 
development  at  Lockheed  Martin.  He  also  serves 
as  chief  of  the  Holly  Springs,  Ga.,  volunteer  fire 
department. 

Jason  Trevisan  '96  has  been  named  to  the  board 
of  directors  of  Life  Line  Screening,  a  Cleveland-based 
provider  of  preventive,  mobile  health  screenings. 
Trevisan  works  in  the  Boston  office  of  Polaris  Venture 
Partners  and  focuses  on  growth-equity  investments 
and  buyout  opportunities  in  technology,  health  care, 
media,  and  consumer  and  business  services. 

Amy  Vickers  '96  has  been  promoted  to  director 
and  national  head  of  enterprise  solutions  in  the 
Boston  office  of  Avenue  A  |  Razorfish. 

Elizabeth  Jewelle  Johnson  J.D.  '97  has  been 
elected  pattner  in  the  Atlanta  office  of  the  law  firm 
Fisher  &  Phillips,  where  she  defends  companies 
against  employment-discrimination  claims. 

Kira  Rochelle  Orr  '97  is  an  assistant  women's  bas- 
ketball coach  at  Fordham  University  in  New  York. 
She  previously  coached  the  women's  varsity  and  jun- 
ior varsity  basketball  teams  at  her  alma  mater,  the 
Bullis  School  in  Potomac,  Md.,  from  1999  to  2004. 
She  was  the  first  Duke  women's  basketball  player  to 
be  drafted  by  a  professional  team,  the  Seattle  Reign. 

MARRIAGES:  Jaye  Elizabeth  Bingham  '94  to 

Brendan  Jeremiah  Hinch  on  Feb.  10,  2007.  Residence: 
Raleigh... Jennifer  Robin  Borenstein  '94  to 

Brian  Zola  on  Sept.  16,  2006.  Residence:  New  York. . . 


Finally-a  color  inChapelHill 
that's  a  perfect  complement 
to  Duke  blue:  c 

In  a  town  so  obsessed  with  a  certain  shade  of  blue,  green  really 
hasn't  gotten  much  attention.  Until  now. 

Greenbridge  Developments,  LLC  in  association  with  renowned 
environmental  architect  William  McDonough-i-  Partners  is  pleased  to 
announce  a  residential  property  on  West  Rosemary  Street  that  strives 
to  achieve  the  perfect  balance  between  sustainability  and  livability. 
Greenbridge  offers  innovative  floorplans  and  sophisticated  amenities 
that  will  please  the  most  discerning  homebuyer. 


^vi  .•■3*1 

**- .'-3Cpai2 

i              1°)   unmmiiWvri 
j  B M* 

IlIMM... 

E  iik  [in  k. . 

Organically  crafted  residences 

in  a  LEED®Gold  certified 

building  priced  from  $300,000  to 

over  $1  million  (ranging  in  size 

from  800  to  2500  square  feet). 

Occupancy  Summer  2009. 


A  new  way  of  thinkin  . 
A  new  way  of  living. 


Greenbridge 


The  Greenbridge  design  center  is  now  open  at  400  West  Rosemary  Street 
For  more  information  call  919-968-7991 
or  visit  www.GreenbridgeDevelopments.com 


May-June  2007 


MINI-PROFILE 


Josh  Tarasoff  '01 ,  promoting  volunteerism  on  Wall  St 


There  is  no  workplace  sex- 
ier than  Wall  Street.  But 
the  hunt  for  money, 
power,  and  status  can 
drive  financiers  to  hellish  work  hours. 
When  l-bankers  get  out  of  the  office, 
they  have  plenty  of  stress  to  release, 
and  weekends  spent  doing  community 
service  are  usually  low  on  the  priority 
list.  Or  so  they  used  to  be.  Josh  Tarasoff, 
with  his  groundbreaking  organization, 
Wall  Street  Volunteers,  is  working 
to  cultivate  a  new  attitude  of  philan- 
thropy in  a  world  inherently  obsessed 
with  profit. 

Wall  Street  Volunteers  is  an  online 
clearinghouse  that  connects  working 
professionals  with  nonprofit  organiza- 
tions. Members  get  access  to  a  data- 
base of  service  organizations,  a  list  of 
volunteer  opportunities,  and  a  compre- 
hensive directory  of  fellow  members 
and  their  service  interests,  so  that 
those  drawn  to  the  same  charity  work 
can  arrange  to  coordinate  their  volun- 
teer schedules.  Since  its  founding  in 
2005,  Wall  Street  Volunteers  has 
attracted  more  than  1 ,600  members 
and  is  linked  with  thirty-five  nonprofit 
organizations. 

Tarasoff,  who  majored  in  philoso- 
phy, says  he  did  not  get  involved  in 


service  projects  while  at  Duke  but 
became  "ethically  engaged"  through 
material  he  encountered  in  his  classes. 
"That's  when  the  thought  process 
began,"  he  recalls,  "but  it  took  a  couple 
years  to  work  itself  out."Tarasoff  spent 
his  college  summers  in  New  York  as 
an  intern  at  Goldman  Sachs  and,  upon 
graduating,  accepted  a  full-time  job 
at  the  firm. 

After  more  than  a  year  on  the  job, 
Tarasoff  started  making  time  to  volun- 
teer around  New  York  on  weekends.  He 
often  invited  friends  and  co-workers  to 
accompany  him,  and  many  became 
inspired  to  pursue  their  own  service 
work.  As  Tarasoff  explains,  "It's  not  that 
people  don't  want  to  volunteer,  but 
rather  that  first  step  is  not  always  pre- 
sented in  the  right  way."  That  realiza- 
tion was  the  idea  behind  the  founding 
of  Wall  Street  Volunteers — providing 
the  initiative,  and  making  it  easier,  for 
people  to  volunteer. 

Tantalized  by  the  entrepreneurial 
opportunity,  Tarasoff  left  Goldman 
Sachs  in  December  2003  to  start  build- 
ing Wall  Street  Volunteers.  At  Goldman 
Sachs,  he  says,  "I  worked  so  much  that  I 
was  disconnected  from  any  sense  of 
community.  It's  healthy  for  people  to 
expand  their  realm  of  concern  beyond 


their  profession  and  to  be  a  part  of 
something  other  than  the  workplace." 
He  spent  more  than  a  year  raising  funds 
and  establishing  a  network  of  interested 
nonprofit  organizations  and  launched 
Wall  Street  Volunteers  in  2005. 

Recently  the  organization  achieved 
501  (c)  (3)  tax-exempt  status — a  "huge 
turning  point/'Tarasoff  says,  because  it 
smooths  the  process  of  raising  money, 
forming  a  board,  and,  most  important, 
creating  formal  relationships  with 
foundations  and  firms.  Nonprofit 
organizations  more  accustomed  to 
being  ignored  by  Wall  Street  firms  are 
jumping  at  the  chance  to  build  person- 
al, effective  connections  with  them 
through  Tarasoff's  organization,  which 
now  has  a  long  waiting  list  of  non- 
profits eager  to  get  on  board. 

Tarasoff,  who  received  an  M.B.A. 
from  Columbia  University  in  May,  has  a 
new  pet  project  these  days — starting 
his  own  hedge  fund.  But  he  says  he 
plans  to  continue  serving  as  executive 
director  of  Wall  Street  Volunteers.  And, 
if  the  group's  growing  number  of  vol- 
unteers is  any  indication,  Wall  Street's 
realm  of  influence  is  expanding  from 
stocks  and  bonds  to  people  who  could 
use  a  helping  hand. 

— AdamPearse'07 


John  Mark  Sampson  '94  to  Mary  Suzanne 
Miller  '96  on  Oct.  21,  2006.  Residence:  Greens- 
boro... Alyssa  Jane  Denzer  '95  to  David  Michael 
Sturgeon  on  June  3,  2006.  Residence:  Washington... 

Adelie  Wright  Oakley  '95  to  Jeffrey  Michael 
Barry  on  Sept.  30,  2006.  Residence:  South  Lake  Tahoe, 
Calif. ..Mary  Suzanne  Miller  '96  to  John  Mark 
Sampson  '94  on  Oct.  21,  2006.  Residence:  Greens- 
boro... Jennifer  Lynn  Hansen  '98  to  David 
Cameron  Ware  on  Sept.  3,  2006.  Residence:  Alexan- 
dria, Va.... Nina  Felice  Shapiro  '99  to  Alex 
Kentsis  on  April  2,  2006.  Residence:  Boston. 

BIRTHS:  Third  child  and  second  son  to  Peter 
Donald  Petroff  91  and  Rose  Caroline 

Petroff  '92  on  May  26,  2006.  Named  Alexander 
Christian. .  .Twins,  a  son  and  a  daughter,  to  Angela 
Harris  Moore  '92  and  Lamott  Leon  Moore  on  May 
16,  2006.  Named  Alexander  Thompson  and 
Jacqueline  Arlene... Second  child  and  first  daughter 
to  Marie  Mangin  Rush  '92  and  James  Brian  Rush 
on  Dec.  12,  2006.  Named  Celeste  Antoinette... 
Second  child  and  son  to  Joseph  Speeney  M.B.A. 
'92  and  Amber  Green  on  May  25,  2006.  Named 
Daniel  Anderson... Second  daughter  to  William 
Thomas  Auchincloss  '93  and  Megan  Mingey 
AuchinclOSS  '94  on  Oct.  11,  2006.  Named  Harper 
McKenna. .  .First  child  and  daughter  to  Kathi 
McCracken  Dente  '93  and  Kevin  Dente  on  July  1, 
„  2006.  Named  Mira  Lynn. .  .Son  to  Elizabeth 

"  S  Wemess  Martin  '93  and  Marshall  Curry  on  Sept. 
1  6,  2006.  Named  Rivers  Martin  Curry... First  child 

I  "  and  daughter  to  Margo  Renee  Needleman 
Topman  '93  and  Jason  Topman  on  Nov.  2,  2006. 
Named  Rylan  Casey... Second  daughter  to  Megan 

Mingey  Auchincloss  '94  and  William  Thomas 

Auchincloss  '93  on  Oct.  11,  2006.  Named  Harper 
McKenna. .  .Second  child  and  daughter  to  Stephanie 
Zapata  Moore  '95  and  Greg  Moore  on  Dec.  18, 
2006.  Named  Larkin  Elizabeth. .  .First  child  and 

daughter  to  Carl  George  Berger  III  '97  and 
Stephanie  Michelle  Floyd  Berger  '98  on  Sept. 
8,  2006.  Named  Katherine  Grace... Twins,  a  son  and 
a  daughter,  to  Kristin  Sosinski  Ensley  '97  and 
Wesley  Ensley  on  Sept.  19,  2006.  Named  John  Wesley 
and  Madeleine  Lucille... First  child  and  daughter  to 
Stephanie  Michelle  Floyd  Berger  '98  and  Carl 
George  Berger  III  '97  on  Sept.  8,  2006.  Named 
Katherine  Grace... First  child  and  son  to  Joseph 
Lawrence  Giacobbe  BSE.  '98  and  Tracy 
Giacohbe  on  Aug.  13,  2006.  Named  Andrew  Joseph... 
Second  child  and  first  daughter  to  David  Benjamin 

Herren  Saye  '98  and  Robyn  Moo-Young  Saye 

'99  on  Nov.  17,  2006.  Named  Sofia  Ann. 


2000s 


Samuel  Quinn  Preston  Martin  V  '01  has  joined 
the  law  firm  Stradley  Ronon  Stevens  &  Young  as  an 
associate  in  its  business  practice  group. 

Victoria  Elizabeth  Hogan  04  is  producing  a  doc- 
umentary with  Eric  Alden  Scherch  '04  on  human- 
itarian aid  that  will  be  shot  in  10  countries  around  the 
world.  After  filming,  Hogan  will  pursue  a  master's  in 
international  education  policy  at  Harvard  University. 

Rahul  Satija  '06  has  received  a  five-year  fellowship 
from  the  Fannie  and  John  Hertz  Foundation  to  sup- 
port research  in  computational  biology.  He  will  enter 
the  Ph.D.  program  at  the  University  of  California  at 
Berkeley  after  completing  a  year  of  study  at  the 
University  of  Oxford,  where  he  is  a  Rhodes  Scholar. 

MARRIAGES:  Sachin  Lavania  '00  to  Rati  Sharma 
on  March  7,  2006.  Residence:  Baltimore... Praveen 
Ballapuram  Adhi  01  to  Farah  Lisette  Mehta 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


'01  on  July  15,  2006.  Residence:  Chicago...  Justin 
Mulhern  Offen  '01  to  Shannon  Sweeney  on  Nov. 
25,  2006.  Residence:  New  York... Jennifer  Kaur 
Dhatt  '02  to  Brendan  Joseph  Hughes  on  Jan.  28, 
2006.  Residence:  Arlington,  Va....Kathryn  Amanda 
Copeland  '03  to  Raymond  William  Shem  on  July  22, 
2006.  Residence:  Chapel  Hill... Jonathan  Allen 
Greene  03  to  Laura  Wilson  de  Marchena  '05 
on  Oct.  21,  2006.  Residence:  Chapel  Hill. ..Eric 
David  Steele  '04  to  Lee  Reesman  Fisher  on  July  8, 
2006.  Residence:  New  York..  .Laura  Wilson  de 
Marchena  05  to  Jonathan  Allen  Greene  03 
on  Oct.  21,  2006.  Residence:  Chapel  Hill. 

BIRTHS:  First  child  and  son  to  Dalila  Dragnic- 
Cindric  M.E.M.  '00  and  Davor  Cindric  M.E.M. 
'01  on  Oct.  19,  2006.  Named  Goran  Shane... 
Daughter  to  Susan  Lineback  Previts  '00  and 

Fred  Previts  on  April  17,  2006.  Named  Ellen  Ruth. 


Deaths 


Editor's  note:  The  volume  of  obituaries  submitted  has 
created  a  considerable  backlog.  In  an  effort  to  provide 
better  service  to  our  alumni  and  friends ,  we  have  included 
additional  pages  of  obituaries  in  this  issue .  Notification 
of  the  deaths  of  alumni  before  200b  was  only  recently 
received  by  the  magazine. 

LoiS  C.  SCOtt  '24  of  Durham,  on  Dec.  5,  2006. 
Survivors  include  three  siblings. 

Elizabeth  Roberts  Cannon  '26  of  Raleigh,  on 
May  27,  2006.  Survivors  include  two  children;  four 
grandchildren;  and  a  nephew,  Bart  Nelson 

Stephens  '43. 

Stella  Craig  Carlton  77  of  Durham,  on 
Dec.  9,  2002. 

Charles  L.  Vick  '27  of  Kitty  Hawk,  N.C.,  on 
June  6,  2002. 

Margaret  Zachary  Wright  '28  of  Sanford,  Fla., 
on  May  13,  2005. 

Louise  Anderson  Bridgers  '29  of  Wilson,  N.C., 
on  Aug.  23,  2006.  Survivors  include  four  children, 
eight  grandchildren,  and  13  great-grandchildren. 

Priscilla  Gregory  McBryde  '29  of  Charlotte,  on 

May  20,  2006.  She  is  survived  by  three  children, 
including  Priscilla  McBryde  Spence  '63  and 
Angus  M.  McBryde  Jr.  M.D.  '63;  a  brother, 
Claiborne  B.  Gregory  '34,  L  '37;  10  grandchil- 
dren, including  Neill  G.  McBryde  Jr.  J.D.  '04;  18 
great-grandchildren;  a  niece,  Panny  Gregory 

Rhodes  '64;  and  nephews,  including  Claiborne 
Gregory  Jr.  '67  and  Douglas  A.  Gregory  '76. 

Reba  Thurston  Cousins  Rickard  '30  of 

Strasburg,  Va.,  on  April  23,  2006.  Survivors  include 
her  sister,  Mary  Cousins  Light  '41. 

James  Benjamin  Stalvey  '30,  A.M.  '31  of  New 
Braunfels,  Texas,  on  April  10,  2006. 

Elizabeth  Baxter  Williams  Lanning  '31  of 

Southern  Pines,  N.C.,  on  July  20,  2006.  Survivors 
include  three  children,  J.  Tate  Lanning  Jr. 
B.S.C.E.  '59,  Lucy  Lanning  Mauger  '62,  and 
Thomas  P.  Lanning  B.S.M.E.  '65;  a  daughter-in- 
law,  Michael  May  Lanning  '60;  four  grandchil- 
dren; and  eight  great-grandchildren. 

Gertrude  E.  Merritt  '31  of  Durham,  on  Oct.  4,  2006. 

Ruth  Curtis  Moore  A.M.  '31  of  Charlottesville,  Va., 
on  June  26,  2006.  Survivors  include  a  daughter,  Linda 
Miller  Moore  '63;  three  siblings,  including  Grace 
Curtis  Anderson  '33;  two  grandchildren;  and  three 
great-grandchildren. 


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Charles  H.  Rich  '31  of  Durham,  on  July  1,  2006. 
Survivors  include  three  children,  six  grandchildren, 
and  nine  great-grandchildren. 

Thelma  McFarland  Rigsbee  '31  of  Durham,  on 
Aug.  26,  2006.  Survivors  include  three  children, 
eight  grandchildren,  and  eight  great-grandchildren. 

Norma  Craft  Cannon  '32  of  Concord,  N.C.,  on  June  27, 
2006.  She  is  survived  by  six  children,  including  Harriet 
Coltrane  Cannon  '61;  15  grandchildren;  28  great- 
grandchildren; and  two  great-great-grandchildren. 

Marion  Simpson  Field  '32  of  Concord,  N.C.,  on 
Sept.  2,  2006.  Survivors  include  a  son,  two  siblings, 
and  a  step-granddaughter. 

Thomas  J.  Harper  '32  of  Fuquay-Varina,  N.C.,  on 
Jan.  14,2001. 

Homan  E.  Leech  '32  of  Meredith,  N.H.,  on  May 
18,  2006.  Survivors  include  a  son. 

Evelyn  Rogers  McCullough  '32  of  Atlanta,  on 

Aug.  7,  2006.  Survivors  include  two  sons,  three 
grandchildren,  and  four  great-grandchildren. 

Louis  B.  Woolf  '32  of  Coral  Spring,  Fla.,  on  Feb. 
10,  2004.  Survivors  include  one  child,  four  siblings, 
and  two  grandchildren. 

Grace  Curtis  Anderson  '}}  of  Raleigh,  on  Aug. 
16,  2006.  Survivors  include  two  children,  two  sib- 
lings, a  grandson,  and  two  great-grandchildren. 

Franklin  Carter  Flippo  '33  of  Ashland,  Va.,  on 
Nov.  28,  2002.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Elizabeth; 
two  sons;  two  siblings;  four  grandchildren;  and  three 
great-grandchildren. 

Mabel  Floyd  Marion  Gowin  '33  of  Coral 
Gables,  Fla.  She  is  survived  by  three  children, 
including  Joan  Marion  Parrish  '61;  five  grand- 


children; two  step-grandchildren;  and  six  great- 
grandchildren. 

Helen  Wilson  Mathews  R.N.  '33  of  Richmond, 

Va.,  on  March  16,  2000. 

Sam  T.  Plowden  '33  of  Florence,  S.C.,  on  Feb.  11, 
2005.  Survivors  include  his  daughter,  three  siblings, 
and  two  grandsons. 

William  Schoolfield  Sartorius  A.M.  '33  of 
Ocean  City,  Md.,  on  June  25,  2001. 
Lewis  I.  Terry  '33  of  Lemont,  111.,  on  April  2,  2006. 
Survivors  include  two  children;  two  brothers, 
Harold  K.  Terry  '36  and  Isaac  H.  Terry  Jr.  '51; 
and  two  grandchildren. 

A.  Fred  Turner  '33,  M.D.  '36  of  Orlando,  Fla.,  on 
May  15,  2006.  Survivors  include  a  son,  Erick  H. 
Turner  '75;  a  sister;  five  grandchildren;  and  one 
great-grandchild. 

Virginia  McCrary  White  '33  of  Lexington,  N.C., 
on  April  4,  2006.  Survivors  include  two  children,  two 
grandsons,  and  four  great-grandsons. 

James  Breckenridge  Cheely  '34  of  Clinton, 
Term.,  on  Oct.  30,  2006.  Survivors  include  three  chil- 
dren, six  grandchildren,  and  10  great-grandchildren. 

Cicely  Berlin  Garrick  '34  of  Hampton,  Va.,  on 
Sept.  25,  2006.  Survivors  include  three  children,  a 
brother,  and  three  grandchildren. 

Mildred  McKinney  Gee  '34  of  Winston-Salem,  on 
Sept.  8,  2006.  She  is  survived  by  two  daughters,  in- 
cluding M.  Elizabeth  Gee  '69,  and  two  grandsons. 

Martha  Morrison  Hale  '34  of  Hickman,  Ky.,  on 
March  17,  2005. 

Ruth  Fielden  Jacobs  '34  of  Los  Angeles,  on  Feb. 
21,  2006. 


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Edward  E.  Wiley  Jr.  B.D.  '34  of  Maryville,  Tenn., 
on  June  11,  2003.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Frances, 
and  a  brother. 

Earl  E.  Bradsher '35  of  Roxboro,  N.C.onMarch 
31,  2005.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Martha;  three 
children;  five  siblings;  five  grandchildren;  and  a 
great-grandchild. 

Joseph  Groff  Brillinger  Sr.  '35  of  New  York,  on 

July  21,  2006.  Survivors  include  two  sons  and  three 
grandchildren. 

Helen  Cross  Broadhead  '35  of  Mamaroneck, 
N.Y.,  on  Sept.  15,  2006.  Survivors  include  two  chil- 
dren; a  sister,  Enola  Cross  Tobi  '44;  five  grand- 
children; and  nine  great-grandchildren. 

Glenn  E.  Bucher  '35  of  Alfred,  N.Y.,  on  Jan.  25, 
2004.  Survivors  include  three  children,  a  brother, 
and  three  grandchildren. 

Sarah  Spence  Butler  '35  of  Suffolk,  Va.,  on 
Oct.  25,  2003. 

W.  Burke  Davis  Jr.  '35  of  Greensboro,  on  Aug. 
18,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Juliet;  two  chil- 
dren, including  Angela  Davis-Gardner  '63;  two 
stepchildren;  four  grandchildren;  five  step-grandchil- 
dren; two  great-grandchildren;  and  four  step  great- 
grandchildren. 

Chris  C.  Hamlet  H.A.  Cert.  '35  of  Durham,  on 
July  23,  2006.  Survivors  include  three  children,  four 
grandchildren,  and  a  great-grandson. 

Harold  H.  Hutson  B.D.  '35  of  Greensboro,  on  July 
15,  2006.  Survivors  include  four  children,  nine 
grandchildren,  and  four  great-grandchildren. 

Lila  Womble  Jenkins  '35  of  Winston-Salem,  on 
Aug.  6,  2006.  Survivors  include  three  children;  three 
siblings,  including  William  F.  Womble  '37;  and 
six  grandchildren. 

Davis  C.  Kirby  Jr.  B.S.E.E.  '35  of  Easton,  Md.,  on 
Sept.  21,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Mary;  two 
daughters;  two  brothers;  four  grandchildren;  and  five 
great-grandchildren. 

Daniel  Clyde  Lisk  Jr.  '35  of  Charlotte,  on  Sept. 
30,  2003.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Lucy;  two  chil- 
dren; three  siblings;  five  grandchildren;  and  two 
great-grandchildren. 

Beckie  J.  McCallie  A.M.  '35  of  Chattanooga,  Tenn., 
on  June  9,  2006.  Survivors  include  four  children, 
eight  grandchildren,  and  nine  great-grandchildren. 

Virginia  Sarver  Montgomery  '35  of 

Ronceverte,  W.Va.,  on  June  22,  2006.  Survivors 

include  two  daughters,  five  grandchildren,  and  nine 

great-grandchildren. 

Dorothy  Warren  Moses  '35  of  Washington,  on 

March  14,  2006.  Survivors  include  her  two  children 

and  four  grandchildren. 

James  L.  Oswald  '35  of  Aiken,  S.C.,  on 

Feb.  16,  2005. 

George  Albert  Pearson  '35  of  St.  Petersburg, 

Fla.,  on  April  13,  2006.  Survivors  include  a  daughter 

and  three  grandchildren. 

Edna  Martin  Dunlap  Scoppa  '35  of  Redding, 

Conn.,  on  March  30,  2006.  Survivors  include  three 

stepchildren. 

Earl  T.  Sinclair  '35  of  Burbank,  Calif.,  on 

July  20,  2001. 

Francis  A.  Wiley  A.M.  '35  of  Walnut  Creek, 

Calif.,  on  March  29,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 

Elizabeth. 

Elizabeth  Wrenshall  Farrell  '36  of  Columbia, 

S.C.,  on  Oct.  13,  2001.  Survivors  include  two  chil- 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


dren,  Wilson  Wrenshall  Farrell  B.S.E.E.  61  and 
Claire  Knobelach  Farrell  '62,  and  a  grandson, 
Wilson  W.  Farrell  BSE.  '91. 

Page  G.  Frank  36  of  Wellsville,  Pa.,  on  Sept.  8,  2005. 

Harry  Goldstein  J.D.  '36  of  Providence,  R.I.,  on 
Feb.  23,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Ruth;  two 
daughters,  including  Edythe  Goldstein  Victor 

'69;  and  five  grandchildren. 

George  E.  Griscom  '36  of  Milford,  N.H.,  on 

Sept.  29,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Doris;  four 
daughters,  including  Elma  Elizabeth  Vaidya  64; 
three  stepsons;  a  son-in-law,  Madhu  Sudan  Lai 
Vaidya  ME  '58,  D.F.  '62;  a  sister;  16  grandchildren; 
and  16  great-grandchildren. 

Jean  Burd  Hainley  '36  of  Pottsville,  Pa.,  on  Oct. 

28,  2006.  Survivors  include  two  daughters,  four 
grandchildren,  and  seven  great-grandchildren. 

Nancy  R.  Hudson  '36  of  Greensboro,  on 
Aug.  18,  2006. 

Daniel  B.  Schafer  '36  of  Fort  Wayne,  Ind.,  on 
May  6,  2006.  Survivors  include  four  children,  five 
grandchildren,  and  two  great-grandchildren. 

Ada  Morrow  Shackford  '36  of  Cary,  N.C.,  on 
Nov.  27,  2006.  Survivors  include  two  daughters,  five 
grandchildren,  and  three  great-granddaughters. 

Caleb  V.  Smith  Jr.  '36  of  Lakevifle,  Pa.,  on 
Feb.  25,  2003. 

Mary  Louise  Remont  Valliant  '36  of  Oxford, 
Md.,  on  Oct.  6,  2006.  Survivors  include  four  chil- 
dren; five  grandchildren;  seven  great-grandchildren; 
and  a  nephew,  Robert  Jeremiah  Rankin  '00. 

Chandler  C.  Washer  Jr.  B.S.M.E.  '36  of  Phillips- 
burg,  N.J.,  on  Sept.  22,  2006.  Survivors  include  two 
children,  two  gtandchildren,  and  four  great-grand- 
children. 

Ellen  Famum  Webb  '36  of  Sewanee,  Tenn.,  on 
July  13,  2006.  Survivors  include  a  son  and  a  step- 
granddaughter. 

William  Darwin  Andrus  M.Div.  '37  of  Arling- 
ton, Texas,  on  Oct.  23,  2006.  Survivors  include  his 
wife,  Hilda;  two  stepdaughters;  a  brother;  two  step- 
grandchildren;  and  two  step  great-grandchildren. 

Jean  Boyd  Appleford  '37  of  San  Diego,  on 
July  10,  2005.  Survivors  include  her  husband, 
G.  Burton  Appleford  '37;  two  daughters;  and 
three  grandchildren. 

John  V.  Atkinson  '37  of  Martinsville,  N.J.,  on 
March  24,  2002. 

R.  Lynwood  Baldwin  Jr.  '37  of  Durham,  on  July 
14,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Miriam;  four 
children,  including  Mary  Baldwin  Kim  '62;  a 
stepson;  a  son-in-law,  Hyun  D.  Kim  '62,  Ph.D.  '69; 
eight  grandchildren,  including  Claire  Kim 
Markovic  '94;  three  step-grandchildren;  nine  great- 
grandchildren; and  two  step  great-grandchildten. 

John  Wesley  Books  '37,  J.D.  '39  of  Ashevilfe, 
N.C.,  on  Sept.  23, 2005. 

Thomas  W.  Borland  '37  of  Salisbury,  N.C.,  on 
June  25,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Margaret 
Rudisill  Borland  '36;  a  daughter;  a  sister, 
Frances  Borland  Horack  '48;  two  grandchil- 
dren; and  two  great-grandchildren. 

R.  Campbell  Carden  '37,  J.D.  '39  of  Signal 
Mountain,  Tenn.,  on  July  11,  2006.  Survivors  include 
a  daughter,  G.  Russell  Carden  Huber  '65;  two 
grandchildren;  and  two  great-grandsons. 

Margaret  Connell  Cheverton  '37  of 

Charleston,  W.Va.,  on  Nov.  25,  2006.  Survivors 


include  two  daughters,  a  brother,  five  grandchildren, 
and  seven  great-grandchildren. 

John  J.  Karakash  '37  of  Bethlehem,  Pa.,  on 
March  21,  2006. 

Francis  Bromley  Key  A.M.  '37  of  Richmond, 
Va.,  on  Aug.  19,  2002. 

Marion  Kiker  Lane  '37  of  Reidsville,  N.C.,  on 
Aug.  31,  2006.  Survivors  include  a  daughter;  two  sis- 
ters, Kathryn  Loraine  Harris  '35,  MAT.  '55  and 
Lucy  Kiker  Jones  '43;  and  three  grandchildren. 

Roderick  S.  Leland  '37  of  Palmetto,  Fla.,  on  Jan. 
10,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Doris  Day 
Leland  '37;  three  sons,  including  Stuart  D. 
Leland  B.S.C.E.  '64;  a  brother;  seven  grandchil- 
dren; and  four  great-grandchildren. 

Robert  Lee  Nicks  '37,  B.D.  '47  of  Penney  Farms, 
Fla.,  on  Feb.  12,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Lou;  three  childten;  seven  gtandchildren;  nine  great- 
grandchildren; and  a  niece,  Sam  Nicks  Foster  '63. 

Orland  M.  Parke  Jr.  '37  of  Bay  City,  Mich.,  on 
April  29,  2005. 

John  R.  Pepper  II  '37  of  Memphis,  Tenn.,  on 
Nov.  20,  2006.  Survivors  include  three  children  and 
a  granddaughter. 

Roy  Egbert  Smith  '37  of  Owensboro,  Ky.,  on 
May  6,  2000. 

Shirley  Roberta  Tofflemire-Teed  '37  of 

Brownsville,  Texas,  on  June  19,  2006.  Survivors 
include  two  daughters,  Patricia  Ann  Tofflemire 
'65  and  Lynda  Gorovoy-Tofflemire  '75;  a  son- 
in-law,  Mark  Steven  Gorovoy  '73;  and  a  grand- 
child, Jaclyn  Merilee  Beth  Gorovoy  '08. 

Catherine  Kirkpatrick  Troxler  '37  of  Greens- 
boro, on  Nov.  16,  2004.  Survivors  include  five  chil- 
dren, eight  grandchildren,  and  a  great-grandchild. 

Virginia  Duehring  White  '37,  A.M.  '39  of 

Harrisburg,  Pa.,  on  March  29,  2006.  Survivors 
include  two  daughters  and  a  granddaughter. 

Mary  C.  Wright  '37  of  Gulf  Shores,  Ala.,  on  June 
22,  2003. 

Ethel  Littlejohn  Adams  '38  of  Leesburg,  Va., 

on  Nov.  12,  2006.  Survivors  include  two  daughters, 
three  grandchildren,  and  five  great-grandchildren. 
Geraldine  Ashworth  '38  of  Princeton,  W.Va., 
on  Sept.  25,2002. 

David  M.  Bane  '38  of  West  Palm  Beach,  Fla., 
on  March  23,  2004. 

Perry  Jones  Cumming  '38  of  Austinburg, 

Ohio,  on  Nov.  19,  2006.  Survivors  include  three 
children,  four  siblings,  six  grandchildren,  and  two 
great-grandchildren. 

James  C.  Davis  '38  of  Carlsbad,  Calif.,  on  March 
2,  2004.  Survivors  include  two  children,  five  grand- 
children, and  a  great-grandchild. 

Sarah  Watson  Eutsler  '38  of  Cheraw,  S.C.,  on 

Oct.  3,  2006.  Survivors  include  her  husband,  Bill;  two 
children;  two  grandchildren;  and  a  great-grandchild. 

Lewis  C.  Hanes  '38  of  Madison,  N.C.,  on  Feb.  2, 
2005.  Survivors  include  two  sons,  a  sister,  and  three 
grandchildren. 

Robert  A.  Hutchinson  38  of  Palos  Verdes 
Estates,  Calif.,  on  Oct.  5,  2006.  Survivors  include  his 
wife,  Betty;  three  children;  two  brothers;  four  grand- 
children; and  three  great-grandchildren. 

Louis  B.  Jennings  '38  of  Salisbury,  Md.,  on  Nov. 
18,  2006.  Survivors  include  two  daughters,  three  sib- 
lings, and  two  grandchildren. 


Duke  Alumni  Association 
Board  of  Directors,  200607 

President:  Thomas  C.  Clark  '69 
Secretary-treasurer:  Sterly  L.  Wilder  '83 
Past  President:  William  P.  Miller  '77 


Duke  Magazine  Edito 
representative:  Pe 


a!  Advisory  Board 
r  Applebome  '71 


Directors  at-large  (terms  expire  June  2008): 

Dawn  Taylor  Biegelson  '89 

Matthew  F.  Bostock  '91 

Daniel  M.  Dickinson  B.S.E.  '83 

Artyn  Haig  Gardner  '73 

Jeremiah  O.  Norton  '00 

Caroline  Christy  Susman  '88 

Melvia  L.  Wallace  '85 

James  V.  Walsh  '74 

Derek  Moody  Wilson  '86,  M.B.A.  '90 

William  T.  Wilson  III  '76 

Directors  at-!arge  (terms  expire  June  2007): 

Ann  Wooster  Elliott  '88 

Stacey  Maya  Gray  '95 

Patricia  Dempsey  Hammond  '80 

Theodore  J.  Humphrey  II  B.S.M.E.  '61 

Ellen  Bers  Johnson  '68 

Anne  DeVoe  Lawler  '75 

Susan  Vissers  Lisa  '90 

Frank  P.  Meadows  III  '82 

Ann  Pelham  '74 

Hardy  Vieux  '93 

Professional  school  representatives: 

Leslie  Monfort  Marsicano  '78,  M.Div.  '81 

Divinity  School 
Elizabeth  W.  Parker  M.B.A.  '85 

Fuqua  School  of  Business 
Amy  Schick  Kenney  '96,  M.E.M.  '98 

Nicholas  School  of  the  Environment  and 

Earth  Sciences 
Timothy  R.  Davis  B.S.E.  '92 

Pratt  School  of  Engineering 
J.  Brett  Bennett  M.H.A.  '86 

Department  of  Health  Administration 
Lori  Terens  Holshouser  '77,  J.D.  '80,  School  of  Law 
Dale  R.  Shaw  '69,  M.D.  '73,  School  of  Medicine 
Martha  Cohn  Romney  B.S.N.  '77 

School  of  Nursing 
Holly  Eggert  Duchene  D.P.T.  '03 

Graduate  Program  in  Physical  Therapy 
Faculty  representatives: 
James  N.  Siedow,  Professor  of  Biology  and 

Vice  Provost  for  Research 
Thomas  W.  Robisheaux  '74,  Associate  Professor 

of  History 
Student  representatives: 
Atin  Garg  '07,  President,  Class  of  2007 
S.M.  Hasnain  Zaidi  '08,  President,  Class  of  2008 
Kendall  R.  Dabaghi  '09,  President,  Class  of  2009 
Elliott  G.  Wolf  '08,  President, 

Duke  Student  Government 
Audrey  K.  Ellerbee  '09,  President, 

Qraduate  and  Professional  Student  Council 
William  R.  Lefew  A.M.  '03,  '09,  Graduate  and 

Professional  Student  Council  Representative 
Honorary  members: 
N.  Allison  Haltom  '72 

Vice  Preside7it  and  University  Secretary 
William  E.  King  '61,  A.M.  '63,  Ph.D.  '70 

former  University  Archivist 
Suzanne  J.  Wasiolek  '76,  M.H.A.  '78,  LL.M.  '93 

Assistant  Vice  President  for  Student  Affairs 
Gerald  L.  Wilson  B.D.  '61,  A.M.  '68 

Senior  Associate  Dean,  Trinity  College 


May-June  2007 


Mary  Elizabeth  Stone  Lynch  '38  of  Cambridge, 

Ohio,  on  Sept.  2,  2006.  Survivors  include  five  daugh- 
ters and  five  grandchildren. 

Helen  Parks  Raaen  '38.  A.M.  '39  of  Oak  Ridge, 
Tenn.,  on  June  5,  2006.  Survivors  include  her  hus- 
band, Vernon;  a  son;  and  a  granddaughter. 

Virginia  Bishop  Ritter  38  of  Dallas,  Pa.,  on  Aug.  31, 
2006.  Survivors  include  her  husband,  Richard  W.M. 
Ritter  '38;  three  children;  and  five  grandchildren. 

Charlotte  Holden  Rotzel  '38  of  Minnetonka,  Minn., 
on  Aug.  9,  2006.  Survivors  include  four  children,  six 
grandchildren,  and  three  great-granddaughters. 

Georgia  B.  Silver  A.M.  '38,  Ph.D.  '41  of  Palo 

Alto,  Calif,  on  July  6,  2006. 

Eleanor  L.  Speiden  '38  of  Germantown,  Wis.,  on 
June  22,  2005.  Survivors  include  a  child  and  two 

grandchildren. 

Norman  L.  Wherrett  '38,  J. D.  '41  ofGreenbrae, 
Calif,  on  July  14,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Evelyn  Van  Sciver  Wherrett  '40;  two  childten, 
including  Whitney  Lynne  Wherrett  Roberson 
'69;  and  six  grandchildren,  including  Rebecca 
Anne  Roberson  '98  and  Sarah  Roberson 
Hanlon  02 

Helen  Weil  Young  '38  of  New  Orleans,  on 
Feb.  3,  2001. 

John  Fink  Beckman  A.M.  '39  ofLodi,  Calif,  on 
April  4,  2006. 

Mary  Barrow  Coleman  '39  of  Mount  Pleasant, 
S.C,  on  Jan.  21,2003. 

Edgar  L.  Danner  '39  of  Santa  Barbara,  Calif,  on 
Feb.  6,  2006.  His  wife,  Grace  C.  Danner  '40,  died 

on  April  27,  2006.  Survivors  include  three  children 
and  four  grandchildren. 

John  M.  Douglas  M.D.  '39  of  Charlotte,  on 
April  14,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Eleanor; 
three  sons;  two  stepsons;  and  six  grandchildren. 

Wylie  Gardt  '39  of  Deerfield  Beach,  Fla.,  on 
June  2,  2005. 

Robert  C.  Gatewood  '39  of  Mount  Sterling,  Ky., 
on  March  10,2006. 

Laurence  E.  Hoggan  '39  of  Oak  Bluffs,  Mass.,  on 
Dec.  4,  2002.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Lorraine; 
thtee  children;  and  nine  grandchildren. 

Joan  Thorns  Hopkins  '39  of  Mahwah,  N.J.,  on 
Sept.  2,  2002. 

Julian  Clyde  Jessup  '39  of  Wilson,  N.C.,  on 
May  18,  2006.  Survivors  include  two  grandsons  and 
three  great-grandchildren. 

Gloria  Marx  Lanius  '39  of  Destin,  Fla.,  on 
Jan.  7,  2005. 

Joseph  H.  Levinson  '39,  J. D.  '52  of  Benson, 
N.C.,  on  Oct.  25,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Theodosia;  rhree  children;  and  five  grandchildren. 

James  F.  McGimsey  Jr.  '39  of  Morganton, 
N.C.,  on  Aug.  14,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Louise;  five  children,  including  James  Franks 
McGimsey  III  '73;  a  brother,  Edward  C. 
McGimsey  '43;  and  seven  grandchildren. 

Dorothy  Reed  Ogden  '39  of  Yuma,  Ari:.,  on 
June  18,  2004-  Survivors  include  several  children 
and  grandchildren. 

Alvin  O.  Preyer  '39  of  Awn,  Ohio,  on  Dec.  15,  2005. 

Mary  Osburn  Prokop  '39  of  Brockway,  Pa.,  on 
Oct.  10,  2006.  Survivors  include  a  daughter,  a  sister, 

and  a  grandson. 


James  Forbes  Rogers  '39  of  Naples,  Fla.,  on 
June  14,  2004.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Mary 
Barrett  Rogers  39 

Madeline  McGinnis  Shaw  '39  of  Upper 
Montclair,  N.J.,  on  May  12,  2004.  Survivors  include 
eight  children,  two  brothers,  and  23  grandchildren. 

Sidney  Stovall  '39  of  Greer,  S.C,  on  March  13, 
2006.  Survivors  include  two  daughter-,,  four  grand- 
children, and  five  great-grandchildren. 

Helen  Wilson  Vail  '39  of  Denver,  on  Nov.  2, 
2004.  Survivors  include  her  husband,  Charles 
Rowe  Vail  B.S.E.E.  '37. 

Henry  M.  Wellman  Jr.  '39  of  Advance,  N.C.,  on 
Jan.  20,  2001. 

Maude  Adams  White  '39  of  Davis,  Calif,  on 
Sept.  22,  2006.  Survivors  include  thtee  children  and 
four  grandchildren. 

Thomas  Steadman  Bagby  B.D.  '40  of 
Lexington,  Ky.,  on  May  26,  2004.  Survivors  include 
his  wife,  Sarah;  two  sons;  two  gtandchildren;  two 
step-grandchildren;  and  two  great-grandchildren. 

Ralph  Sidney  Bird  M.Ed.  '40  of  Matoaka,  W.Va., 
on  Feb.  19,2000. 

Mary  Stacy  Dodge  Jackson  Boyle  '40  of 

Richmond,  Va.,  on  June  5,  2006.  Survivors  include 
two  daughters,  a  sistet,  three  grandchildren,  and  two 
great-gtandchildren. 

Lillian  Secrest  Buie  '40  of  Wagram,  N.C,  on 
June  5,  2006.  Survivors  include  four  children; 
a  brother;  and  a  grandniece,  Megan  English 
Bailey  08. 

Anne  Kingsbury  Carr  '40  of  New  York,  on 

May  12,  2003. 

Finley  T.  Clarke  Jr.  '40  of  Herndon,  Va.,  on 
Feb.  19,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Helen; 
three  children;  three  stepchildren;  and  six 
grandchildren. 

Margaret  Louise  Worsham  Coniey  '40  of 

Lookout  Mountain,  Tenn.,  on  May  19,  2006.  Survivors 
include  a  daughtet  and  two  granddaughters. 

Zach  D.  COX  '40  of  Mount  Olive,  N.C,  on 
Aug.  30,  2001. 

Grace  C.  Danner  '40  of  Santa  Barbara,  Calif,  on 
April  27,  2006.  Her  husband,  Edgar  L.  Danner 

'39,  died  on  Feb.  6,  2006.  Survivors  include  three 
children  and  four  grandchildren. 

Helen  Gambill  Hunt  '40  of  Chattanooga,  Tenn., 
on  Nov.  28,  2000. 

Jack  Omer  Kendrick  '40  of  Anchorage,  Alaska, 
on  Jan.  11,2005. 

Thomas  W.  Melson  '40  ofVero  Beach,  Fla.,  on 
March  18,  2006.  Survivors  include  two  children  and 
a  brother,  Robert  H.  Melson  '39 

Harold  A.  Milstead  M.Div.  '40  of  Harpers  Ferry, 
W.Va.,  on  March  23,  2006.  Survivors  include  his 
wife,  Bertha;  two  daughters;  nine  grandchildren;  and 
12  great-grandchildren. 

Abigail  Pierce  Raymond  '40  of  Oklahoma  City, 
on  Aug.  14,  2006.  Survivors  include  three  children,  a 
brother,  and  six  grandchildren. 

James  V.  Robertson  B.S.M.E.  '40  of  Bethlehem, 
Pa.,  on  July  12,  2006.  Sutvivors  include  his  wife, 
Helen;  three  sons,  James  H.  Robertson  '66, 
Donald  W.  Robertson  69,  and  Fred  V. 

Robertson  '71;  two  siblings;  seven  gtandchildten; 
and  four  great-grandchildren. 

Daniel  E.  Sayre  '40  of McAJlen,  Texas,  April  7, 2001. 


Dorothy  A.  Schomaker  '40  of  Edina,  Minn.,  on 

Jan.  14,  2006. 

Helen  Marie  Siceloff  '40  of  High  Point,  N.C,  on 

Oct.  14,  2005. 

Nancy  Akers  Wallace  '40  of  Charlotte,  on  March 

29,  2006.  Survivors  include  her  husband,  Mason;  four 

children;  a  sister;  and  eight  gtandchildten. 

Harry  Lee  Welch  Sr.  '40  of  Salisbury,  N.C,  on 
March  13,  2006. 

Hatcher  C.  Williams  '40,  A.M.  '49  of  Oxford,  N.C, 
on  Sept.  5,  2006.  He  is  survived  by  four  children,  in- 
cluding Schuyler  Williams  '66,  and  two  siblings. 

John  W.  Young  A.M.  '40  of  Loxahatchee,  Fla.,  on 
April  25,  2006. 

Robert  J.  Atwell  '41,  M.D.  '44  of  Columbus, 
Ohio,  on  May  11,  2006.  His  wife,  Mozelle 
Mitchell  Atwell  R.N.  '45,  died  on  April  3,  2003. 
Survivors  include  three  sons  and  five  grandchildren. 

George  Franklin  Blalock'41  of  Fayetteville, 
N.C,  on  Nov.  18,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Essie;  three  children;  four  grandchildren;  and  four 
great-grandchildren. 

Jean  Bailey  Brooks  '41  of  Greensboro,  on  June 
17,  2006.  Survivors  include  two  children  and  four 
grandchildren. 

Edgar  Fenn  Bunce  Jr.  '41  of  Bernardsville,  N.J., 

on  Sept.  7,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Mary 

Elizabeth  Crawford  Bunce  '41;  four  daughters, 

including  Barbara  Ann  Bunce  '74;  a  sister;  three 
grandchildren;  and  a  great-grandchild. 

Robert  Whitney  Hancock  '41  of  Naples,  Fla., 
on  Aug.  5,  2006.  Survivors  include  two  children  and 
three  grandchildren. 

Aline  McCranie  Harris  R.N.  '41,  B.S.N.  '44  of 
Atlanta,  on  Aug.  8,  2006.  Survivors  include  two  chil- 
dren, Joe  F.  Harris  Jr.  '67  and  Marilyn  H.  Best 

'70;  a  son-in-law,  Philip  Best  '69;  two  siblings;  two 
gtandchildren,  including  Kirsten  H.  Best  '00;  and 
two  great-gtandchildren. 

Martha  Jane  Phillips  Hupp  '41  of  Morgantown, 
W.Va.,  on  July  7,  2006.  Survivors  include  three  chil- 
dren and  three  grandchildren. 
Oscar  William  Lever  Ph.D.  '41  of  Baltimote,  on 

Feb.  1,2002. 

Brooks  B.  Little  '41,  D  '43  of  Knoxville,  Tenn., 
on  Aug.  7,  2006.  Survivors  include  a  daughter,  six 
siblings,  and  a  granddaughter. 

Frances  Foreman  Crum  Munroe  '41  of 

Asheville,  N.C,  on  April  4,  2006.  Survivors  include 
two  children,  two  siblings,  two  granddaughters,  and  a 
great-granddaughter. 

S.  Bruce  Gooch  Poole  '41  of  Winter  Haven, 
Fla.,  on  April  19,  2006.  Survivors  include  a  son,  a 
grandson,  and  three  great-grandchildren. 
Anne  Cozart  Serrell  '41  of  Raleigh,  on  June  5, 
2006.  Survivors  include  thtee  sons  and  five  grand- 
children. 

Stanley  V.  Summers  Jr.  '41  of  New  York,  on 
March  24,  2000. 

Mary  Lee  Bagley  Walker  '41  of  Bay  Village, 
Ohio,  on  Aug.  11,2006. 

Alfred  Owen  Aldridge  Ph.D.  '42  of  Champaign, 
111.,  on  Jan.  29,  2005.  He  is  survived  by  his  daughter. 
William  Emory  Burkhardt  M.Ed.  '42  of  Elkton, 
Md.,  on  March  15,  2001. 

Hilda  Smathers  Halliburton  M.Ed.  '42  of 
Connellys  Springs,  N.C,  on  Sept.  27,  2001. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Robert  Smith  Haviland  '42  of  Kernersville, 
N.C.,  on  June  29,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Mary;  a  daughrer;  and  two  grandsons. 

James  W.  Martin  B.S.E.E.  '42  ofSayville,  N.Y., 
on  Jan.  14,  2005.  Survivors  include  cwo  children  and 
five  grandchildren. 

Miriam  Silva  McCarthy  '42  of  Fort  Thomas,  Ky., 
on  Oct.  1,  2006.  Survivors  include  two  sons,  a  sister, 
six  grandchildren,  and  three  great-grandchildren. 

Andrew  J.  Meara  '42  of  Glen  Rock,  N.J.,  on 
Jan.  19,  2003. 

Richard  C.  Newsham  '42  ofWest  End,  N.C.,  on 
Sept.  5,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Lois;  three 
children,  including  Carol  Lynn  Newsham 
Schreiber  74  and  Richard  C.  Newsham  II  75; 

a  brother;  and  two  granddaughters. 

Gerry  E.  Pettibone  '42  of  Tampa,  Fla.,  on  Jan. 
25,  2005.  Survivors  include  four  daughters,  six  grand- 
children, and  two  great-grandchildren. 

Bayard  Taylor  Read  II  '42  of  Brunswick,  Maine, 
on  May  22,  2006.  Survivors  include  three  children, 
three  stepchildten,  and  three  grandchildren. 

Margaret  Binder  Ruark  '42  of  Winston-Salem, 
on  Dec.  5,  2006.  Survivors  include  two  children,  a 
sister,  a  granddaughtet,  and  three  great-grandchildren. 

Harold  W.  Sheats  Jr.  B.S.E.E.  '42  of  Charlotte, 
on  June  9,  2006. 

Dorothy  Bishop  Short  '42  of  Tampa,  Fla.,  on 
Oct.  23,  2006.  Survivors  include  five  children,  19 
grandchildren,  and  44  great-gtandchildren. 

Edmund  Templer  Shubrick  '42  of  St.  Petersburg, 
Fla.,  on  Sept.  4,  2000. 

Fred  A.  Surlas  Jr.  '42  of  Mount  Vernon,  Ohio,  on 
Jan.  27,  2006. 

George  Samuel  Wood  '42  of  Roanoke  Rapids, 
N.C.,  on  July  27,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Sara  Towe  Wood  '42;  a  daughter;  and  three 

grandchildren. 

Thomas  Christian  Armstrong  Jr.  '43  of  San 

Marcos,  Calif.,  on  Dec.  7,2003. 

William  D.  Bennett  '43  of  Rocky  Mount,  N.C., 
on  Oct.  1,  2006.  Survivors  include  two  sons. 

Henry  Tucker  Bloom  '43  of  Cherry  Hill,  N.J., 

on  Nov.  5,  2003.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Ellie; 
three  children;  eight  grandchildren;  and  two  great- 
grandchildren. 

Harvey  Reade  Bullock  '43  of  Los  Angeles,  on 
April  24,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Betty;  four 
children;  and  three  grandchildren. 


Dilworth  Burdett  '43  of  Wilmington, 
Del.,  on  Oct.  30,  2006.  Survivors  include  two  daugh- 
ters, four  grandchildren,  and  one  great-grandchild. 

Charles  F.  Burrows  '43  of  West  Hartford,  Conn., 
on  Oct.  1 1,  2006.  He  is  survived  by  five  children, 
including  Richard  G.  Burrows  '78,  M.B.A.  'S3, 

and  eight  grandchildren. 

Edward  L.  Clark  '43  of  Raleigh,  on  May  14,  2006. 
Survivors  include  his  wife,  Betty  Fouraker  Clark 

'45,  and  two  sons. 

Norris  Wolf  Crigler  '43  of  Charlotte,  on  May  27, 
2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Emilie  FrantZ 
Crigler  '43;  a  son,  Norris  Wolf  Crigler  Jr.  MP. 

'76;  a  daughter;  two  brothers,  John  F.  Crigler  Jr. 
'40  and  Benner  B.  Crigler  Sr.  '50;  two  grandchil- 
dren; seven  nephews,  including  Benner  B.  Crigler 
Jr.  '78  and  Robert  Leonard  Crigler  '84;  and 
four  nieces. 


A  flat  world 
calls  for 
well-rounded 
leaders. 


DUKE 


The  Global  Leaders  Program  brings  together  senior  executives  from  diverse 
organizations  and  leading  faculty  from  the  Indian  Institute  of  Management, 
Ahmedabad  and  Duke  University.  The  course,  taught  in  two  sessions  on 
different  sides  of  the  world,  uses  both  theory  and  experience  to  create  a  deeper 
understanding  of  how  to  grow,  innovate  and  lead  in  a  multi-national,  multi- 
cultural environment.  Register  at  DukeGlobalLeaders.com. 


Session  1:  August  20-27,  Ahmedabad,  India    •    Session  2:  September  17-24,  Durha 


Expand  your  perspective  with  two  other  Duke  programs. 

Successful  Outsourcing  &  Offshoring  Strategies:  Discover  ho 

Climate  Change  Leadership  Program:  Get  your  company  c 


Robert  N.  DuBose  M.Div.  '43  of  Pawlcys  Island, 
S.C.,  on  Oct.  8,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Marie;  two  daughters;  and  three  grandchildren. 

John  Hale  '43  of  Denver,  on  July  3,  2006. 
Survivors  include  his  wife,  Adele;  two  children;  a 
stepson;  and  five  grandchildren. 

Barbara  Fries  Harrison  '43  of  Clarence  Center, 
N.Y.,  on  May  29,  2006.  Survivors  include  her  hus- 
band, Fenton  F.  Harrison  Sr.  '43;  a  son,  Fenton 

F.  Harrison  Jr.  '66;  three  daughters;  seven  grand- 
children; and  two  great-grandchildren. 

Blanna  Brower  Harriss  '43  of  Tarboro,  N.C.,  on 
Dec.  1,  2006.  Survivors  include  her  husband, 
Meader  W.  Harriss  Jr.  '41;  two  children;  a  son- 
in-law,  Franklin  McLeod  Dew  M.Div.  76;  and 

Kathryn  Dunkelberger  Hart  '43,  A.M.  '50  of 
Estero,  Fla.,  on  May  23,  2006.  Survivors  include  her 
husband,  Thomas  G.  Hart  '44,  J.D.  '50;  three  chil- 
dren; and  five  grandchildren. 

George  H.  Heller  '43  of  Dade  City,  Fla.,  on  Dec. 

28,  2005. 

Jane  H.  Hiatt  '43  of  San  Diego,  on  July  14,  2004. 
Philip  W.  HutChings  Jr.  '43  of  Durham,  on  Nov. 

21,  2006.  His  wife,  Patricia  Murdock 

Hutchings  '50,  died  on  May  31,  2006.  Survivors 
include  three  sons;  nine  grandchildren,  including 
Michael  M.  Hutchings  '10;  and  two  great -grand- 
children. 

Marybelle  S.  Jester  R.N.  '43,  B.S.N.  '43  of  Cary, 
N.C.,  on  Nov.  23,  2006.  Survivors  include  two  sons 
and  four  grandchildren. 

Gordon  L.  Johnson  '43  of  Providence,  R.I.,  on 

June  19,  2006. 

Walter  David  Knight  Jr.  A.M.  '43,  Ph.D.  '50  of 
Berkeley,  Calif,  on  June  28,  2000. 
Joseph  McLaughlin  Jr.  '43  of  Charlotte,  on 
Aug.  4,  2006.  Survivors  include  a  daughter;  a  brother, 
Robert  T.  McLaughlin  B.S.M.E.  '44:  two  grand- 
children; and  a  cousin,  Charley  Henry  Lucas  '54. 

Jane  Gregory  Marrow  M.D.  '43  of  Tarboro, 
N.C.,  on  June  30,  2006.  She  is  survived  by  three  chil- 
dren, including  Henry  G.  Marrow  M.D.  79,  and 

five  grandchildren. 

Richard  Daniel  Reamer  '43  of  Salisbury,  N.C., 

on  April  26,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Ellen 
Rankin  Reamer  '43;  three  children,  including 
Richard  Rankin  Reamer  '67;  a  sister;  and  six 
grandchildren. 

William  C.  Sierichs  '43  of  Baton  Rouge,  La.,  on 
March  29,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Elizabeth;  two  sons;  and  a  granddaughter. 

George  S.  Simon  '43  of  Mount  Pleasant,  Pa.,  on 

Sept.  11,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Katherine, 

and  two  brothers. 

Frank  T.  Taylor  '43  of  Ellicott  City,  Md.,  on  Aug. 

20,  2006.  Survivors  include  three  children  and  six 

grandchildren. 

Mary  Virginia  Vogel  R.N.  '43,  B.S.N.  '43  of 
Berea,  Ohio,  on  July  18,  2006.  Survivors  include  a 
daughter,  a  brother,  and  four  grandchildren. 

James  E.  Williams  Jr.  '43  of  Fresno,  Calif.,  on 

Feb.  14,  2005.  Survivors  include  three  children,  12 
grandchildren,  and  10  great-grandchildren. 

John  McLean  Wilson  M.D.  '43  of  Darlington, 
S.C,  on  June  14,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Betty;  four  children;  a  sister;  nine  grandchildren;  and 
one  great-grandchild. 


Lennard  Jay  Wissow  A.M.  '43,  Ph.D.  '45  of 
Boca  Raton,  Fla.,  on  Aug.  22,  2001.  Survivors 
include  his  wife,  Elaine;  two  children,  including 
Lawrence  S.  Wissow  M.D.  79;  a  brother;  and 
three  grandchildren. 

Zelda  Samouitz  Abramson  '44  of  North  Miami 
Beach,  Fla.,  on  Oct.  3,  2004. 

Sam  S.  Ambrose  '44,  M.D.  '47  of  Atlanta,  on  July 
12,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Betty;  three 
children;  two  sisters;  a  cousin,  Mary  Hood  Evans 
'47;  and  a  nephew,  H.  Joseph  Wise  III  '66. 

Robert  Kerr  Billingslea  Jr.  '44  of  New  Oxford, 
Pa.,  on  Aug.  15,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Helen;  three  children;  two  siblings;  five  grandchil- 
dren; and  a  great-grandson. 

Ward  B.  Browning  Jr.  '44  of  Lady  Lake,  Fla.,  on 
June  7,  2004.  Survivors  include  two  children  and 
seven  grandchildren. 

Thomas  M.  Darden  '44  of  Glenview,  111.,  on  Aug. 
7,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Anna;  four  sons; 
and  six  granddaughters. 

Robert  H.  Fiske  '44  of  Lexington,  Mass.,  on  Oct. 
7,  2005.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Barbara;  three 
sons;  and  two  grandsons. 

Nancy  Squire  Geldart  '44  of  Grosse  Pointe, 

Mich.,  on  May  31,  2005. 

Mary  Ezzell  Glenn  B.S.N.  '44  of  Troy,  N.C,  on 
April  24,  2006.  Survivors  include  her  husband, 
John  C.  Glenn  Jr.  M.D.  '44;  three  children;  two 
brothers;  eight  grandchildren;  and  four  great-grand- 
children. 

Louise  Scarboro  Harris  A.M.  '44  of  Columbus, 

Ga.,  on  April  27,  2003. 

Thornton  D.  Hooper  Jr.  '44  of  Punta  Gorda, 
Fla.,  on  Jan.  30,  2006.  Survivors  include  a  brother. 

Mary  Bankhardt  Knaebel  '44  of  Dalton,  Mass., 
on  Dec.  20,  2005. 

Anna  Lawrence  McCammon  '44  of  Cochran, 
Ga.,  on  April  11,  2006.  Survivors  include  two  chil- 
dren, two  sisters,  and  live  grandchildren. 

John  Paul  Perkins  '44  ofEdenton,  N.C,  on  Dec. 

6,  2005.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Anne;  two  sons;  a 
brother;  and  two  grandchildren. 

Robert  Hugh  Prytherch  '44  of  Midlothian,  Va., 
on  Aug.  2,  2006.  Survivors  include  two  siblings. 

Dorothy  Wellnitz  Ronnholm  '44  of  Norwalk, 
Conn.,  on  May  27,  2006.  Survivors  include  a  son. 

Katherine  Magoon  Smith  '44  of  Midland, 
Texas,  on  May  31,  2006.  Survivors  include  her  hus- 
band, Bobbie;  five  daughters;  a  sister;  10  grandchil- 
dren; and  live  great -grandchildren. 

Dorothy  Harp  Watlington  B.S.N.  '44  of 
Roanoke,  Va.,  on  Aug.  14,  2006.  Survivors  include 
four  daughters,  a  brother,  nine  grandchildren,  and 
five  great-grandchildren. 

Annale  Rabel  Wells  '44  of  New  Martinsville, 
W.Va.,  on  Nov.  30,  2006.  Survivors  include  her  hus- 
band, Joseph;  two  children;  and  two  grandchildren. 

Jerry  F.  Wilbur  Jr.  '44  of  St.  Petersburg,  Fla.,  on 
Nov.  10,  2002.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Virginia 
Sellers  Wilbur  '45;  three  children;  and  nine 
grandchildren. 

Mozelle  Mitchell  Atwell  R.N.  '45  of  Columbus, 
Ohio,  on  April  3,  2003.  Her  husband,  Robert  J. 
Atwell  '41,  M.D.  '44,  died  on  May  11,  2006. 
Survivors  include  three  sons  and  five  grandchildren. 

Leo  M.  Bashinsky  H.S.  '45  of  Mountain  Brook, 


Ala.,  on  July  22,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Betty  Riddle  Bashinsky  R.N.  '45;  three  children; 

nine  grandchildren;  and  five  great-grandchildren. 

Helene  Mulligan  Campbell  45  of  Lakewood, 
Ohio,  on  Aug.  31,  2006.  Survivors  include  two 
siblings. 

T.  Brian  Carter  '45  of  Bronxville,  N.Y.,  on  Dec. 
15,  2005.  Survivors  include  a  daughter  and  two 
grandchildren. 

Leon  Hartsell  Cash  '45  of  Winston-Salem,  on 
Aug.  1,  2006.  He  is  survived  by  two  children,  includ- 
ing Leon  Hartsell  Cash  Jr.  '91;  a  brother;  and 
three  grandchildren. 

Eckford  L.  Cohen  A.M.  '45,  Ph.D.  '47  of 
Kalamazoo,  Mich.,  on  Nov.  23,  2005. 

David  Douglass  Collins  '45  of  South  Seaville, 
N.J.,  on  Sept.  17,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Margaret;  two  children;  seven  grandchildren;  and 
seven  great-grandchildren. 

Dorsey  W.  Daniel  E  '45  of  Oxford,  N.C,  on  Dec. 

10,  2003.  Survivors  include  three  children,  seven  sib- 
lings, and  three  grandchildren. 

Marjorie  Carter  Dillingham  A.M.  '45  of 
Tallahassee,  Fla.,  on  May  22,  2003.  Survivors  include 
her  husband,  Henry;  two  children;  a  sister;  seven 
grandchildren;  and  two  great-grandchildren. 

Quinlan  H.  Hancock  '45  of  Fairfax  Station,  Va., 
on  Match  31,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Viola; 
two  children;  two  siblings;  and  a  grandchild. 

Jesse  W.  Huff  Ph.D.  '45  of  Westfield,  N.J.,  on  Feb. 
21,  2002.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Mary 
Bedsworth  Huff  '43. 

Marguerite  Dravo  Krieger  '45  of  Advance, 
N.C,  on  Dec.  2,  2006.  Survivors  include  her  hus- 
band, Kenneth;  a  daughter,  Lisa  M.  Krieger  77; 

and  a  gtanddaughter. 

Charles  Manning  Mason  Sr.  '45  of  Morehead 
City,  N.C,  on  Dec.  9,  2006.  Survivors  include  two 
children,  10  grandchildren,  and  four  great-gtand- 
daughters. 

Charles  A.  Petersen  '45  of  Fontana,  Wis.,  on 

April  5,  2004. 

Domenic  Piccone  '45  of  Silver  Spring,  Md.,  on 

April  7,  2002. 

John  A.  Pierce  Jr.  '45  of  Winchester,  Mass.,  on 

May  24,  2003. 

Samson  J.  Procopion  B.S.E.E.  '45  of  Waterbury, 

Conn.,  on  Aug.  15,2006. 

James  Burrell  Sanders  '45  of  Columbia,  S.C, 

on  Oct.  21,2006. 

John  M.  Smith  '45  of  Winston-Salem,  on  March 

13,2006. 

Charles  T.  Swaringen  Jr.  B.S.E.E.  '45  of 
Raleigh,  on  April  22,  2006. 

Raymond  Wesley  Watkins  '45  of 

Lawrenceville,  Ga.,  on  Dec.  25,  2000. 


Daryl  E.  Webb  '45  of  Salem,  Va.,  on  Oct.  16, 
2005.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Helen;  two  chil- 
dren; six  grandchildren;  and  two  great-grandchildren. 

David  C.  White  '45,  M.D.  '47  of  Tucson,  Ariz.,  on 
Sept.  3,  2005.  Survivors  include  four  children,  seven 
grandchildren,  and  two  great-grandchildren. 

James  T.  Chandler  III  '46  of  Wilmington,  Del., 
on  Jan.  18,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Sally; 
four  sons;  rhree  siblings;  14  grandchildren;  and  four 
great-grandchildren. 


DUKEMAii  A/INH 


William  Archie  Davis  Jr.  B.S.M.E.  '46  of 
Charlotte,  on  May  30,  2006.  Survivors  include  his 
wife,  Georgia;  a  son,  Whitney  Kent  Davis  '80; 

two  daughters;  and  four  grandchildren. 

Charles  Conger  Ervin  '46  of  Indian  River 

Shores,  Fla.,  on  June  1,  2006.  Survivors  include  his 

wife,  Caroline,  and  a  son,  Carlton  Charles  Ervin 

'92. 

Julius  Way  Fitzpatrick  '46  of  Saratoga,  Calif., 

on  May  1,2004. 

Virginia  Suiter  Gavin  '46  of  Asheboro,  N.C.,  on 

May  23,  2006.  Survivors  include  her  husband,  Wiley; 
two  sons;  and  four  grandsons. 

Ruth  Duffy  Geer  '46  of  Huntsville,  Ala.,  on  Nov. 

6,  2006.  Survivors  include  three  children,  including 
HolliS  Geer  Swift  73,  and  five  grandchildren. 

Anne  Ipock  Jackson  '46  of  Mason,  Ohio,  on 
Sept.  19,  2006.  Sutvivors  include  two  sons  and  six 
grandchildren. 

Charles  Wyndham  Kidd  '46  of  Williamsburg, 
Va.,  on  March  26,  2006.  Survivors  include  two  chil- 
dren and  three  grandchildren. 

William  Krivit  '46  of  Arden  Hills,  Minn.,  on  Dec. 
8,  2005.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Chyrrel;  four 
children;  a  sister;  and  four  grandchildren. 

Donald  O.  Landon  '46  of  Monona,  Wis.,  on  May 
21,  2006.  Survivors  include  a  sister,  Kathleen 
Landon  '55. 

Stephen  Cosmos  Leograndis  '46  of  Pacific 
Palisades,  Calif.,  on  June  5,  2001. 

Thomas  Howard  Lewis  M.D.  '46  of  Bethesda, 
Md.,  on  May  2,  2006. 

William  H.  McGraw  '46  of  New  Yotk,  on  March 
18,  2006. 

Ann  T.  Heffner  McTier  '46  of  Lake  Forest,  111.,  on 
March  20,  2006.  Survivors  include  her  husband, 
Samuel;  a  son,  Brian  Carson  McTier  78;  two 
daughters,  including  Carolyn  McTier  Makens 

'80;  a  sister;  and  six  grandchildren. 

Gilda  Minnich  Markoski  '46  of  Willow  Street, 

Pa.,  on  May  21,  2006. 

Nolle  Elizabeth  Moore  A.M.  '46  of  Memphis, 
Tenn.,  on  Aptil  30,  2006.  Sutvivors  include  a  broth- 


Luther  R.  Veasey  '46  of  Durham,  on  Nov.  27, 
2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Leila;  two  daugh- 
ters; two  brothers;  and  three  grandchildren. 

Isom  C.  Walker  Jr.  '46,  M.D.  '48  of  Gallipolis, 
Ohio,  on  May  16,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Sarah;  four  children;  two  sisters;  and  1 1  grandchildren. 

Virginia  Wiley  A.M.  '46  of  Lynchburg,  Va.,  on 
Oct.  25,  2006. 

Carolyn  Manahan  Williams  '46  of  Salisbury, 
Md.,  on  June  29,  2006.  She  is  survived  by  two  chil- 
dren, including  Carolyn  Reese  Williams  73, 
and  two  gtandchildren. 

Charles  Wesley  Barney  D.F.  '47  of  Fort  Collins, 
Colo.,  on  June  17,  2006.  Survivors  include  a  daugh- 
ter, two  grandchildren,  and  two  great-grandsons. 

John  A.  Bostwick  Jr.  '47,  LL.B.  '51  of 


Guntersville,  Ala.,  on  April  27,  2006.  Survivors 
include  his  wife,  Betty  Aldridgc  Bostwick  '50; 
three  children;  and  six  grandchildren. 

S.B.  Bradley  LL.B.  '47  of  Dallas,  on  May  29,  2006. 
Survivors  include  two  daughters  and  four  grandchil- 
dren. 

Frank  E.  Cairns  Jr.  '47,  M.F.  '50  of  Eau  Claire, 
Wis.,  on  June  12,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Gladys. 

Elizabeth  Balerma  Linthicum  Dieter  '47  of 

Raleigh,  on  Sept.  4,  2006.  Survivors  include  five 
children,  seven  grandchildren,  two  step-grandchil- 
dren, and  two  gteat-grandsons. 

Robert  S.  Durnell  B.S.M.E.  '47  of  Carson  City, 
Nev.,  on  June  21,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Ethel;  a  daughter;  and  a  sister. 


WANTED:      TALENTED  FINANCIAL 
ADVISORS 

LOCATION:     CAMERON  INDOOR 

STADIUM,  FRONT  ROW 


Owoor  Satisfaction 


WITH   WACHOVIA 


Earlyn  Reed  Morrison  '46  of  Hendersonville, 
N.C.,  on  April  29,  2006.  Survivors  include  her  hus- 
band, Fred;  two  children;  five  grandchildren;  and 
eight  great-grandchildren. 

Schuyler  Wayne  Pennington  '46  of  Raleigh,  on 
Aug.  13,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Lula;  two 
daughters;  two  brothers;  and  four  granddaughtets. 

Frank  A.  Pierson  Jr.  '46  of  Houston,  on  Sept.  10, 

2001. 

Marie  Foote  Reel  B.S.E.E.  '46  of  Richmond,  Va., 

on  April  20,  2006.  Survivors  include  her  husband, 
Kermit;  a  daughter;  and  two  grandchildren. 

Joshua  T.  Rowe  B.S.C.E.  '46  of  Hopewell,  Va.,  on 
March  20,  2006.  Survivors  include  five  children,  a 
sister,  and  four  granddaughters. 

Elizabeth  Reynolds  Thompson  R.N.  '46  of 
Anderson,  S.C.,  on  July  28,  2006.  Survivors  include 
her  husband,  Robert  G.  Thompson  '44,  M.D. 

'46;  three  children;  and  three  grandchildren. 
Betty  Bledsoe  Tinsley  '46  of  Greensboro,  on 
Aug.  23,  2006.  She  is  survived  by  two  children, 
including  Margaret  Jeanette  Tinsley  '82,  and 

two  granddaughters. 


OK,  so  you'll  have  to  buy  your  own  season  tickets,  but 
here's  your  chance  to  come  home  to  Blue  Devils  basket- 
ball and  everything  that  Duke  and  Durham  have  to  offer. 
If  you're  a  successful  financial  advisor  and  want  to  take 
your  career  to  a  new  level  in  a  top-rated  community  with 
great  weather  and  a  thriving  economy,  give  me  a  call. 


Robert  E.  Bratcher  Jr. 

Senior  Vice  President  -  Complex  Manager 
3100  Tower  Blvd.,  Suite  1500 
Durham,  NC  27707 
919-969-4827 
robert.e.bratcher@wachoviasec.com 


m^achovia 
Securities 


Securities  and  Insurance  Products: 


Wachovia  Securities,  LLC,  Member  NYSE/SIPC,  is  a  registered  broker-dealer  and  a  separate  nonbank  affiliate  of  Wachovia 
Corporation.  ©2007  Wachovia  Securities,  LLC  81835  0407-50420  4/07 


May-June  2007 


Jean  Bramlett  Fancher  '47  of  Miami,  on  July 
15,  2006.  Survivors  include  her  husband,  Charles; 
rwo  children;  two  sisters;  and  two  grandchildren. 

Chester  W.  Fink  '47,  M.D.  '51  of  Trinidad,  Texas, 
on  Aug.  19,2006. 

Richard  O.  Hastings  B.S.M.E.  '47  of  Aiken,  S.C., 
on  Oct.  4,  2006.  Survivors  include  two  daughters,  two 
sisters,  four  grandchildren,  and  a  great-grandchild. 

William  H.  Jamieson  Jr.  '47  of  Kalispell,  Mont., 
on  Jan.  20,  2004. 

Samuel  C.  Jordan  Sr.  B.S.E.E.  '47  of  Louisville, 
Ky.,  on  March  30,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Kathleene;  three  children;  seven  grandchildren;  and 
six  great-grandchildren. 

Rothwell  Jay  Kinney  47  of  Sedro-Woolley, 
Wash.,  on  April  18,  2006.  Survivors  include  three 
children  and  five  grandchildren. 

Ronald  E.  Kirkpatrick  B.S.M.E.  '47  of 
Washington,  on  May  2,  2001. 

David  You  Mar  J.D.  '47  ofOahu,  Hawaii,  on  June 
22,  2006.  Survivors  include  two  daughters  and  three 
step-grandchildren. 

Wilson  P.  McKittrick  M.D.  '47  of  Clinton,  S.C., 
on  Sept.  18,  2003. 

Richard  Hershey  Miller  '47  of  Devon,  Pa.,  on 

April  4,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Karen;  two 
children;  two  step-children;  two  grandchildren;  three 
step-grandchildren;  and  two  siblings. 

Carolyn  Brimberry  Orr  '47  of  Cape  Coral,  Fla., 
on  Feb.  9,  2006.  Survivors  include  four  children, 
two  siblings,  eight  grandchildren,  and  two  great- 
grandchildren. 

Herbert  W.  Penske  B.S.E.E.  '47  of  Scotia,  N.Y., 
on  Sept.  16,  2005.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Glendon;  two  children;  and  three  grandchildren. 

Richard  L.  Powers  '47  of  Baton  Rouge,  La.,  on 
July  9,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Susan;  two 
daughters;  thtee  siblings;  and  three  grandsons. 

Ellen  Richards  Regan  '47  of  Philadelphia,  on 
March  5,  2005. 

Donald  M.  Ross  B.S.M.E.  '47  of  Tampa,  Fla.,  on 
May  12,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Ann;  two 
children;  and  a  grandson. 

William  D.  Ross  Jr.  A.M.  '47,  Ph.D.  '51  of  Baton 
Rouge,  La.,  on  May  12,  2006.  Survivors  include  a 
son,  two  siblings,  and  two  grandchildren. 

Albert  Stahler  B.S.M.E.  '47  of  Boca  Raton,  Fla., 
on  Aug.  18,2002. 

Sara  Barber  Vickers  '47  of  Atlanta,  on  July  13, 
2006. 

Edwin  S.  West  '47  of  Hickory,  N.C.,  on  July  25, 
2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Mar/;  three  children; 
eight  grandchildren;  and  seven  great-grandchildren. 

David  Perry  Worley  M.F.  '47  of  Sunbury,  Ohio, 
on  Jan.  23,  2003.  Survivors  include  two  children  and 
two  grandchildren. 

A.  Purnell  Bailey  B.D.  '48  of  Fredericksburg,  Va., 
on  July  16,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Betty; 
tour  daughters;  three  stepchildren;  a  brother;  17 
grandchildren;  and  five  great-grandchildren. 

Miriam  Timmons  Brower  R.N.  '48,  B.S.N.  '49  of 
Hayden,Ala.,onJuly27,2002. 

Franklin  B.  Brown  '48  of  Orangeburg,  S.C.,  on 
Oct.  9,  2000.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Catherine; 
three  children;  and  four  grandchildren. 

Walter  Galloway  Burch  Jr.  '4S  of  Florence, 


Ala.,  on  June  4,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Dorothy;  three  children;  two  siblings;  eight  grand- 
children; and  a  great-grandson. 

Carolyn  B.  Carman  '48  of  Riverhead,  N.Y.,  on 
Aug.  27,  2006. 

Bert  Johnson  Clark  R.N.  '48  of  Hot  Springs, 

Ariz.,  on  April  16,  2006.  Survivors  include  her  hus- 
band, Sherman  D.  Clark  '48;  three  children;  and 

eight  grandchildren. 

Mamie  Barnhill  McLawhorn  Dews  '48  of 

Winterville,  N.C.,  on  July  26,  2006.  Survivors 
include  tour  children;  three  sisters,  including 

Gay  McLawhorn  Love  51  and  Jo  Anne 

McLawhorn  Padgett  '58;  and  seven  grandchildren. 

William  Philip  Garriss  '48  of  Raleigh,  on  Oct. 
13,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Phyllis;  three 
children;  a  brother,  Marcus  A.  Garriss  '49;  and  a 

granddaughter. 

Kathryn  Morrison  Hanskat  '48  of  St.  Petets- 
burg,  Fla.,  on  Sept.  12,  2006.  Survivors  include  her 
husband,  John,  and  two  daughtets. 

Howard  Paul  Hartley  '48  of  Greenville,  S.C.,  on 

Sept.  29,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Annette;  two 
children;  three  stepdaughters;  and  1 2  grandchildren. 

Will  Bean  Kennedy  A.M.  '48  of  Black  Mountain, 
N.C.,  on  Oct.  12,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Frances;  four  children;  a  brother;  and  10  grandchildren. 

Frank  T.  Lamb  '48  of  Rochester,  N.Y.,  on  Dec.  20, 
2005.  Survivors  include  four  children,  two  sisters,  six 
grandchildren,  and  two  great-grandchildren. 

Joyce  Godwin  Moore  '48  of  Rispn,  Ark.,  on  July 
27,  2006.  Survivors  include  a  son,  two  siblings,  and 
two  granddaughters. 

Frank  J.  Shoemaker  '48  of  Coronado,  Calif.,  on 
Oct.  7,  2005.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Jeanne; 
three  children;  and  one  grandchild. 

Mary  Knotts  Taylor  N  '48  of  Warsaw,  N.C.,  on 
Jan.  28,  2006.  Survivors  include  four  children  and 
nine  grandchildren. 

Willard  E.  Vandeventer  Jr.  '48  of  Johnson  City, 
Tenn.,  on  June  7,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Christine;  two  children;  a  sister;  and  three  grandsons. 

Rosalie  Smith  Wight  '48  of  Clearwater,  Fla.,  on 
June  11,  2006.  Survivors  include  three  children;  a  sis- 
ter, Shirley  Smith  Kelly  '41;  a  grandson;  and  a 
cousin,  Murray  Rose  B.S.M.E.  '42. 

Shirley  Keel  Wolff  '48  ofSouthport,  N.C.,  on 
May  10,  2006.  Survivors  include  her  husband, 
Robert  S.  Wolff  '47;  a  daughter,  Susan  Wolff 
Andrews  '74;  a  son-in-law  Mark  Douglas 
Andrews  '73;  and  three  grandchildren,  including 
Megan  Elizabeth  Andrews  '03. 

William  Henry  Baker  '49  of  Chicago,  on  June  7, 
2006. 

John  W.  Barber  Jr.  '49  of  Anderson,  Ind.,  on 
Aug.  16,  2005.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Ann;  four 
children;  and  seven  grandchildren. 

William  Joseph  Biggers  '49  of  Highlands, 
N.C.,  on  March  20,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Diane;  two  daughtets,  including  Patricia  Biggers 
Crawford  '81;  a  son,  Michael  Camp  Biggers 

B.S.E.  '92,  M.B.A.  '98;  and  six  grandchildren. 

John  T.  Chaff  in  '49,  LL.B.  '51  of  Shiloh,  N.C.,  on 
Aug.  22,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Elizabeth; 
two  children;  a  brorher;  a  half-brorher;  and  four 
grandchildren. 

Miriam  Craig  M.Ed.  '49  of  Columbus,  Ga.,  on 
March  12,  2003. 


Ashlyn  Crum  Gray  '49  of  Orangeburg,  S.C.,  on 
Feb.  18,  2005.  Survivors  include  four  children,  a 

brother,  and  six  grandchildren. 

David  P.  Hammond  '49  of  Quincy,  Pa.,  on  Aug. 
22,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Elizabeth;  thtee 
children;  a  sister;  and  four  grandchildren. 

Nancy  Hedden  Holland  '49  of  Beach  Haven 
Gardens,  N.J.,  on  March  9,  2006.  Survivors  include 
four  children,  a  sister,  and  seven  grandchildren. 

Ben  Franklin  Johnson  Jr.  LL.M.  '49  of  Atlanta, 

on  June  26,  2006.  Survivors  include  two  sons,  five 

grandsons,  and  a  great-grandson. 

John  W.  Knight  '49  of  EUfcott  City,  Md.,  on  June 
3,  2005. 

Kenneth  R.  Manning  '49  of  Bluffton,  Ind.,  on 
Oct.  3,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Dorothy; 
three  children;  four  stepchildren;  six  grandchildren; 
10  step-grandchildren;  and  17  step  great-grandchildren. 
Thomas  Philip  McAlduff  '49  of  Dix  Hills,  NY., 
on  Oct.  2,  2005.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Julie. 
Norwood  G.  Smith  '49,  A.M.  '58  of  Raleigh,  on 
Jan.  18,  2007.  Survivors  include  a  brother,  J.  Charles 
Smith  '5  3,  and  a  nephew,  M.  Lee  West  '66. 

Mary  Alexander  Tate  R.N.  '49,  B.S.N.  '49  of 
Charlotte,  on  Aug.  9,  2006.  Survivors  include  three 
children,  including  John  David  Murray '81;  a  sis- 
ter; and  six  grandchildren. 
Eddie  R.  Wagoner  M.F.  '49  of  Troy,  Ohio,  on 
March  27,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  son. 
Bearl  A.  Yeager  '49  of  Binghamton,  N.Y,  on 

Sept.  18,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Susan 

Warren  Yeager  R.N.  '41,  B.S.N.  '41;  four  sons; 
and  1 1  grandchildren. 

Russell  C.  Coble  Jr.  '50  of  North  Augusta,  S.C., 
on  Aug.  12,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Joyce 
McLean  Coble  R.N.  '52;  three  children;  a  brother, 
James  H.  Coble  Sr.  '52;  and  three  grandchildren. 

George  W.  Eaves  Jr.  '50  of  Durham,  on  Nov.  12, 

2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Jean  Patee 

Eaves  '48;  three  daughtets;  a  brothet;  and  four 

grandchildren. 

Ray  Macnairn  Fry  '50  of  Bethesda,  Md.,  on  July 

22,  2005.  Survivors  include  a  daughter,  Jennifer 

Poole  Fry  '84. 

Edgar  Benjamin  Gammons  '50ofTarboro, 
N.C.,  on  April  25,  2002. 

Leon  S.  Gillin  '50  of  Blowing  Rock,  N.C.,  on  May 
20,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Bunny;  three 
daughters,  including  Lisa  Ann  Gillin  Braun  '78 
and  Julie  Marie  Gillin  '80,  M.S.  '81;  and  three  sib- 
lings, including  Emmanuel  M.  Gitlin  M.Div  '46, 
Ph.D.  '53. 

Harold  Burns  Hibbits  '50  of  Vero  Beach,  Fla.,  on 
March  20,  2006.  Survivors  include  four  children  and 
a  granddaughter. 
John  William  Hoyle  III  L  '50  of  Salisbury,  N.C., 

on  May  18,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Norma; 
six  daughters;  16  grandchildren;  and  four  great- 
grandchildren. 

Patricia  Murdock  Hutchings  '50  of  Durham,  on 
May  31,  2006.  Her  husband,  Philip  W.  Hutchings 
Jr.  '43,  died  on  Nov.  21,  2006.  Survivors  include 
three  sons;  nine  grandchildren,  including  Michael 
M.  Hutchings  '10;  and  two  great-grandchildren. 

Charles  D.  Jones  '50  of  Panama  City,  Fla.,  on 
Oct.  3,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Margaret; 
four  children;  and  seven  grandchildren. 

Howard  L.  Major  B.S.E.E.  '50  of  Durham,  on  Aug. 


DL'KE  MAGAZINE 


25,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Elizabeth;  two 
sons;  and  three  grandchildren. 

Oren  Walsh  McClain  J.D.  '50  of  Daytona  Beach 
Shores,  Ha.,  on  March  28,  2006.  Survivors  include  his 
wife,  Shirley;  four  children;  and  eight  grandchildren. 

Elizabeth  Mapp  McCraw  '50ofFranktown,  Va., 
on  Aug.  3,  2006.  Survivors  include  three  children;  a 
sister,  Helen  Mapp  Sloan  '49;  and  seven  grand- 
children. 

Sarah  McDermott  Meier  '50  of  Oakland,  Calif., 
on  May  10,  2006.  Survivors  include  a  son,  James 
Reed  Meier  '85,  M.B.A.  '87;  a  daughter;  and  a  sis- 
ter, Anna  Jeanette  McDermott  '44. 

Beverly  McDaniel  Melvin  '50of  Brawley,  Calif., 
on  July  10,2001. 

Elbert  A.  Parrish  '50  of  Faison,  N.C.,  on 
April  5,  2001. 

William  C.  Riordan  '50ofFallston,  Md.,  on 
July  14,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Elizabeth, 

Ray  C.  Roberts  Jr.  '50  of  Greenville,  S.C,  on 
May  5,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Alice;  four 
children,  including  Mark  Andrew  Roberts  '87, 

M.B.A.  '88;  a  brother;  and  five  grandchildren. 

John  Webb  Routh  J.D.  '50  of  Austin,  Texas,  on 
April  13,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Barbara; 
three  daughters;  a  sister;  and  three  grandchildren. 

Joseph  Harold  Rush  Ph.D.  '50  of  Boulder,  Colo., 
on  Sept.  12,2006. 

Marilyn  Howard  Rutherford  R.N.  '50  of  Cherry 
Hill,  N.J.,  on  May  1,  2006.  Survivors  include  her  hus- 
band, Robert  O.  Rutherford  '52;  four  children; 
two  siblings;  and  three  grandchildren. 

David  K.  Scarborough  '50  of  Washington,  Pa., 
on  April  27,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Jacqueline;  three  children;  and  eight  grandchildren. 

John  T.  Timothy  '50  of  Leslie,  Ark.,  on 
March  8,  2005. 

Richard  Touby  LL.M.  '50  of  Miami,  on  May  16, 
2004-  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Marion;  a  daughter; 
and  a  grandson. 

John  R.  Tropman  '50  of  Raleigh,  on  May  14, 
2006.  Survivors  include  a  daughter. 

Joanne  Pressing  Vutech  SOofYoungstown, 
Ohio,  on  Feb.  12,  2005. 

John  I.  Wuchte  B.S.E.E.  '50  ofBrooksville,  Ha., 
on  Aug.  1,  2004. 

Frances  Hunter  Perry  Aaroe  A.M.  '51  of 
Richmond,  Va.,  on  April  15,  2006. 

Norma  Barringer  '51  of  Atlanta,  on  Dec.  1,  2006. 
Survivors  include  three  children;  two  siblings, 
including  Russell  N.  Barringer  Jr.  '57;  and  two 
grandchildren. 

Lewis  Lawson  Bowling  Jr.  '51  of  Elon,  N.C.,  on 

April  27,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Rosalind; 
three  children,  including  Lewis  Bowling,  instruc- 
tor of  health,  physical  education,  and  recreation  at 
Duke;  two  siblings;  and  six  grandchildren. 

Julian  Stanley  Brock  MD.  '51  of  Greeneville, 

Tenn.,onOct.  27,  2001. 

Chandler  M.  Bush  B.S.M.E.  '51  of  Georgetown,  S.C, 
on  June  28,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Barbara; 
three  children;  a  sister;  and  three  grandchildren. 

Jane  Scott  Chamberlin  R.N.  '51  of  Columbia, 

S.C,  on  May  16,  2005. 

Max  Aaron  Eisenberg  Ph.D.  '51  of  Pearl  River, 


N.Y.,  on  April  8,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Helen;  two  daughters;  his  brother;  and  three  grand- 
children, including  Dana  E.  Alpert  '03. 

Donald  A.  Farinella  '51  of  Fairfield,  N.J.,  on 

March  22,  2006.  Survivors  include  two  children,  two 
siblings,  and  one  granddaughter. 

Donald  G.  Fish  '51  of  Berlin,  N.J. ,  on  Oct.  23, 
2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Martha;  two  chil- 
dren; two  siblings,  including  Harry  G.  Fish  Jr.  '44, 
M.D.  '48;  and  four  grandchildren. 

John  C.  Fullerton  Jr.  B.S.M.E.  '51  of  Richmond, 
Va.,  on  Dec.  3,  2006.  Survivors  include  three  chil- 
dren, a  brother,  and  five  grandchildren. 

David  Glickfield  Jr.  LL.B.  '51  of  Naples,  Fla.,  on 
July  9,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Ruth;  three 
children;  and  seven  grandchildren. 

John  Allen  Harrington  LL.B.  '51  of  Sanford, 

N.C.,  on  April  8,  2005. 

Lois  Miller  Keene  C.E.R.  '51  of  Columbus,  Ohio, 
on  Sept.  12,  2005.  Survivors  include  three  children, 
two  brothers,  and  four  grandchildren. 

Sarah  Ann  Knott  King  '51  of  Corpus  Christi, 
Texas,  on  Sept.  8,  2005.  Her  husband,  William  P. 
King  '51,  died  on  May  20,  2006.  Survivors  include 
four  children  and  six  grandchildren. 

Mary  McMullan  McCluskey  '51  of  St.  Louis,  on 

Oct.  22,  2006.  Survivors  include  two  children,  a  sib- 
ling, and  a  grandchild. 

Andrew  Mickle  B.S.E.E.  '51  ofWinston-Salem, 
on  Aug.  27,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Donna; 
two  daughters;  a  brother;  and  two  grandchildren. 

Algernon  S.  Noell  Jr.  B.S.M.E.  '51  of  Phoenix, 
on  March  5,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Betty; 
two  sons;  two  siblings;  and  four  grandsons. 

Percy  O.  Rucks  Jr.  '51  of  Greensboro,  on  Aug. 
27,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Betty;  four  chil- 
dren; a  stepson;  seven  ^r.inJdnLlivn:   ind  three  step- 
grandchildren. 

Susan  M.  Spritzer  M.D.  '51  of  Pittsburgh,  on 
Dec.  24,  2005.  Survivors  include  two  children, 
Charles  E.  Spritzer  BSE.  77  and  Diane 
Spritzer  Bickers  '80. 

Robert  Wayne  Stapleford  '51  of  Richmond, 
Va.,  on  April  21,  2004-  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Martha;  seven  children;  and  14  grandchildren. 

Earl  Gladish  Statler  M.Div.  '51  of  Cape 
Girardeau,  Mo.,  on  June  23,  2006.  Survivors  include 
his  wife,  Edna;  iive  chilJien;  and  five  grandchildren. 

Donald  A.  Barnes  B.S.M.E.  '52  of  Cocoa  Beach, 
Fla.,  on  April  29,  2005.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Wanda,  and  a  daughter,  Donna  Barnes  '73. 

Roy  W.  Curry  Ph.D.  '52  of  Bridgeport,  W.Va.,  on 
May  14,  2006. 

Claire  Zipplies  Davison  '52  of  Atlanta,  on 
March  22,  2006.  Survivors  include  five  children;  a 
sister;  13  grandchildren;  and  several  nephews  and 
nieces,  including  Marjorie  Anderson  Pipkin  '66. 

Charlotte  Allen  Duncan  '52  of  Mableton,  Ga., 
on  May  24,  2006.  Survivors  include  her  husband, 
John  J.  Duncan  '52;  three  children;  and  two 

grandchildren. 

Herbert  M.  Lee  Jr.  B.S.E.E.  '52  of  Sierra  Vista, 
Ariz.,  on  April  19,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Pamela  Cherry  Lee  '52;  two  daughters;  and  two 

grandchildren. 

Hugh  Y.  Lee  B.S.M.E.  '52  of  Santa  Clara,  Calif., 
on  April  27,  2000. 


Elizabeth  Allardice 

Ct/orking  with  real  estate  buyers  and  sellers 
in  Durham,  Chapel  Hill,  and  Raleigh 
North  Carolina:  our  team  of  experienced 
real  estate  professionals  are  well  versed  in  a 
variety  of  home  prices,  floor  plans,  homes 
styles,  and  neighborhoods  and  can  help  you 
achieve  your  real  estate  goals. 


To  view  this  month's 

featured  homes,  visit 

http://www.elizabethallardice.com 


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LIGHTUPYOUR 

LOVE  LIFE 

Date  fellow  graduates,  faculty, 

and  students  of  Duke, 

The  Ivies,  U  of  Chicago,  MIT, 

Medical  Schools,  and  more! 


May-June  2007 


John  G.  Lehman  '52  of  Audubon,  Pa.,  on  June  17, 
2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Margaret;  two  chil- 
dren; and  four  grandchildren. 

Philip  N.  Libby  G  '52  of  Houston,  on  June  1,  2004. 

Kathryn  Richards  Linnehan  '52  of  Hingham, 
Mass.,  on  Nov.  6,  2006.  Survivors  include  her  hus- 
band, William;  five  stepchildren;  and  10  step-grand- 
children. 

Archie  R.  Parker  M.Div.  '52  of  Albuquerque,  N.M., 
on  Oct.  10,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Jean. 

Henry  M.  Poss  '52  of  Chattanooga,  Tenn.,  on 
March  13,  2006.  Survivors  include  four  children  and 
five  grandchildren. 

Justin  Norbert  Scharf  LL.B.  '52  of  Hagerstown, 
Md.,  on  Jan.  20,  2004. 

Kenneth  M.  Taylor  B.D.  '52,  Ph.D.  "55  of 
Statesboro.  N.C.,  on  July  8,  2006.  Survivors  include 
his  wife,  Ruth;  two  daughters;  and  two  grandchildren. 

Daniel  Edwin  Bailey  B.D.  '53  of  Greensboro, 
on  April  16,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Kathryn;  four  children;  a  stepson;  a  brother;  and 
eight  grandchildren. 

James  D.  Chappell  Jr.  '53  of  Marshallville,  Ga., 

on  June  23,  2006.  Survivors  include  a  brother. 

William  B.  Eldridge '53,  J.D. '56  of  Potomac, 
Md.,  on  Aug.  5,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Barbara  Galloway  Eldridge  '53;  two  children, 
Mark  Eldridge  M  and  Julie  Eldridge 
Marshall  '82;  and  four  grandchildren. 

Carol  Evans  Fox  '53  of  Vineland,  N.J.,  on  Oct. 
29,  2006.  Survivors  include  her  husband,  Rex;  three 
children;  a  sister;  and  four  grandchildren. 


William  C.  King  Ph.D.  '53  of  Granville,  Ohio,  on 
Dec.  17,  2005.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Virginia, 
and  two  daughters. 

Doris  Michael  Larsen  '53  of  Lighthouse  Point, 
Fla.,  on  Sept.  11,  2001.  Survivors  include  her  hus- 
band, Hyer  P.  Larsen  Jr.  '54. 

Robert  Arney  Selstad  B.D.  '53  of  Rosharon, 
Texas,  on  April  29,  2006.  Survivors  include  three 
children,  a  brother,  and  three  grandchildren. 

Margaret  Little  Smith  '53  of  Dublin,  Va.,  on 
Aug.  26,  2004. 

Virginia  Lauck  Steele  '53  of  Minneapolis,  on 


Babs  Moffitt  Albert  '54  of  Jackson,  Wyo.,  on 
Oct.  IS,  2003. 

Albert  F.  Bragg  '54  of  Longmont,  Colo.,  on 
March  28,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Anita; 
two  children;  a  brother;  and  four  grandchildren. 

Nancy  McCrary  Cuthill  '54  of  Oswego,  NY.,  on 
March  24,  2006.  Survivors  include  her  sister,  Dixie 
McCrary  Nohara  61 

Charlie  Bryan  Finch  M.D.  '54  of  Oxford,  N.C., 
on  April  15,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Gene; 
two  children;  four  stepchildren;  a  brother,  and  eight 
grandchildren. 

Milo  Eugene  Magaw  54  of  Jacksonville,  Ala.,  on 
June  12,  2006.  Survivors  include  two  children;  four 
siblings,  including  Malcolm  Orrin  Magaw  '50; 

and  five  grandchildren. 

James  A.  McCall  '54  of  Liverpool,  N.Y.,  on  Aug. 
27,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Suzanne;  four 
children;  two  brothers;  and  five  grandchildren. 

Peter  M.  McGarry  '54  of  St.  Petersburg,  Fla.,  on 

Sept.  15,  2004. 

Donald  W.  Millholland  "54,  Ph.D.  '66  of  Raleigh, 
on  July  2S,  2000.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Valerie, 
and  a  daughter. 

Mary  Catherine  Nypaver  MAT.  '54  of 
Harwick,  Pa.,  on  Feb.  6,  2006. 

Barbara  Ann  Burrous  Smith  '54  of  Arlington, 

Va.,  on  April  26,  2006.  Survivors  include  two  chil- 
dren, a  sister,  and  three  grandchildren. 

Antone  Walter  Tannehill  Jr.  M.D.  '54  of 
Tupelo,  Miss.,  on  April  3,  2006.  Survivors  include  his 
wife,  Diane  Evans  Tannehill  '53;  three  sons, 
including  Jeffrey  Wyman  Tannehill  '86;  a 
brother;  and  three  grandchildren. 

Robert  Ross  Wright  III  A.M.  '54  of  Little  Rock, 
Ark.,  on  June  11,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Susan,  and  four  children. 

Agnes  White  Ahlgren  '55  of  Barnstable,  Mass., 
on  May  19,  2006.  Survivors  include  her  husband, 
Philip;  a  son;  and  two  grandchildren. 

Frank  L.  Blue  III  B.S.M.E.  '55  of  Raleigh,  on 
Sept.  27,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Shirley; 
two  children;  a  sister;  seven  grandchildren;  and  a 
great-grandson. 

Don  H.  Boone  '55  of  Staten  Island,  N.Y.,  on  Feb. 
8,  2006.  He  is  survived  by  his  sister. 

James  M.  Evans  '55  of  Elk  Grove,  Calif.,  on  July 

Blair  H.  Mathies  B.S.M.E.  '55  of  Lindenhurst, 
N.Y.,  on  March  11.  2005.  Survivors  include  a  son, 
Blair  Henry  Mathies  Jr.  '79;  a  daughter-in-law, 
Deborah  Stein  Mathies  '7S;  and  three  grand- 
children, including  Henry  Mathies  '07  and 
Rose  Mathies  "09. 


Richard  A.  Reznick  '55  of  Tulsa,  Okla.,  on  Nov. 
22,  2003. 

David  Shapiro  LL.B.  '55  of  Wayne,  N.J.,  on  Nov.  10, 
2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Marion;  two  sons, 
Laurence  Joseph  Shapiro  74  and  Marc  Shapiro 
'77;  four  grandchildren;  and  six  nieces  and  nephews, 
including  Jacqueline  Sadow  Akselrad  '80. 

Joe  B.  Smith  Jr.  '55  of  High  Point,  N.C.,  on  Sept. 
27,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Melva;  four 
daughters;  and  10  grandchildren. 

Mary  Sargent  Temple  '55  of  Rochester,  N.Y.,  on 
Feb.  19,  2006.  Survivors  include  her  husband,  Alan 
H.  Temple  Jr.  '54;  four  children;  a  sister;  and  nine 
grandchildren. 

John  Frederick  Walters  '55  of  Mobile,  Ala.,  on 
July  27,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Lynda;  four 
children;  a  sister;  and  seven  grandchildren. 

Robert  F.  Armbrust  B.S.E.E.  '56  of  Scranton, 

Pa.,  on  July  27,  2004-  Survivors  include  two  siblings. 

Paul  C.  Browning  M.Div.  '56  of  Burlington,  N.C., 

on  June  25,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 


\\  imrreJ;  i  Jau^hn 


;  and  two  grandchildren. 


Charles  Edward  Crossingham  '56  of  Mount 
Airy,  N.C.,  on  June  22,  2005.  Survivors  include  two 
children,  three  stepchildren,  a  brother,  and  three 
grandchildren. 

Charles  Laing  Dorsey  M.D.  '56  of  Napa,  Calif., 

on  Nov.  9,  2002.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Isabelle; 
four  children;  and  a  sister. 

John  David  Ellis  '56  of  Wenatchee,  Wash.,  on 
Dec.  29,  2002. 

Catharine  Rape  Hamilton  '56  of  Monroe,  N.C., 
on  April  25,  2006.  Survivors  include  her  husband, 
Henry;  three  children;  two  stepchildren;  four  grand- 
children; and  two  step-grandchildren. 

Mary  Baker  Lowndes  '56  of  Tampa,  Fla.,  on  Oct. 
30,  2006.  She  is  survived  by  her  husband,  James; 
three  children,  including  R.  James  Robbins  Jr. 
J.D.  'S4;  three  brothers;  and  six  grandsons. 

Lydia  Blackford  Mathews  '56  of  Cincinnati,  on 

June  19,  2006. 

Arthur  G.  Raynes  '56ofWynnewood,  Pa.,  on  July 
24,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Diane;  three 
children;  a  sister;  and  four  grandchildren. 

John  I.  Riffer  '56  of  Vienna,  Va.,  on  March  10,  2006. 
Survivors  include  his  wife,  Diane;  two  children,  in- 
cluding Christopher  J.  Riffer  '91;  and  a  brother. 

George  F.  Schlimm  B.S.E.E.  '56  of  Lansdale,  Pa., 

on  July  7,  2002. 

Norman  V.  Wallace  '56  of  North  Palm  Beach, 
Fla.,  on  Nov.  14,  2003.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Virginia;  five  children;  and  14  grandchildren. 

George  Britain  Walton  Jr.  M.D  '56  of  Chad- 
bourn,  N.C.,  on  May  29,  2006.  Survivors  include  his 
wife,  Marie  Elena;  two  daughters;  a  brother,  Benton 
Hair  Walton  '5S;  and  three  grandchildren. 

Kathryn  Thomasson  Whitehurst  '56  of 

Wilson,  N.C,  on  March  22,  2006.  Survivors  include 
two  children,  a  brother,  and  two  grandchildren. 

Nancy  Beeson  Yeates  '56  of  Orford,  N.H.,  on 
Nov.  13,  2006.  Survivors  include  her  husband,  Eugene; 
two  daughters;  a  sister;  and  three  grandchildren. 

Esther  Laviner  Ace  B.S.N.Ed.'57  of  Durham,  on 
Nov.  7,  2006.  Survivors  include  three  children,  four 
siblings,  and  two  grandchildren. 
Earl  T.  Brach  Jr.  '57  of  Homosassa,  Fla.,  on  Nov.  3, 
2004.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Vaneta;  three  chil- 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


dren,  including  Lisa  Anne  Brach  A.H.C.  '80; 
seven  grandchildren;  and  three  great-grandchildren. 

Kenneth  Leland  Clark  '57  of  Allentown,  Pa.,  on 
March  20,  2000. 

Nancy  Lofgren  Cragon  P.T.Cert.  '57  of  William- 
son, Tenn.,  on  March  29,  2006.  Survivors  include  her 
husband,  Harlen;  three  children;  two  siblings;  and 
nine  grandchildren. 

Fred  N.  Crawford  Jr.  H.A.Cert.  '57  of  States- 
ville,  N.C.,  on  Aug.  21,  2006.  Survivors  include  his 
wife,  Barbara;  five  children;  a  brother;  11  grandchil- 
dren; and  five  great-grandchildren. 

Samuel  Wright  Daniel  Jr.  '57  of  Oxford,  N.C., 
on  June  21,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Frances; 
two  daughters;  five  siblings;  and  two  grandchildren. 

Ruth  Stephenson  Hassanein  '57  of  Liberty, 
Mo.,  on  Sept.  1,  2006.  Survivors  include  a  daughter, 
three  siblings,  and  two  grandchildren. 

David  McKechnie  Hay  '57  of  McDonough,  Ga., 
on  Aug.  25,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Mary; 
two  children;  a  brother;  and  three  grandchildren. 

Tallulah  Brown  Maki  '57  of  Seattle,  on  April  1, 
2006.  Survivors  include  two  sons  and  two  siblings. 

G.  Howard  Satterfield  Jr.  M.D.  '57  of  Green- 
ville, N.C.,  on  Aug.  31,  2006.  Survivors  include  his 
wife,  Joyce;  five  children;  a  stepson;  a  brother;  five 
grandchildren;  and  a  great-granddaughter. 

Peter  P.  Severson  '57  of  Belvedere-Tiburon, 
Calif,  on  Jan.  3,  2006. 

Robert  V.  Shaver  '57,  A.M.  '59  of  Danville,  Va., 
on  Sept.  2,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Suzanne; 
three  sons;  a  brother;  five  grandchildren;  and  one 
great-grandson. 

Joyce  Virginia  Smith  B.S.N.Ed.  '57  of  Garden 
Valley,  Calif,  on  July  24,  2001. 

James  Alexander  Warden  A.H.C.  '57  of 

Chapel  Hill,  on  June  2,  2006.  Survivors  include  two 
daughters,  a  sister,  and  three  grandchildren. 

John  W.  Zimmer  '57  of  Grand  Rapids,  Mich.,  on 
Sept.  12,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Sally;  two 
children;  two  brothers,  including  Charles  Frank 
Zimmer  '63;  and  two  grandchildren. 

Eric  Goddard  Bauer  '58  of  Flushing,  N.Y.,  on 
March  2,  2006. 

Deborah  W.  Kredich  '58  of  Durham,  on  July  22, 
2006.  Survivors  include  her  husband,  Nicholas 
Michael  Kredich  '57;  three  children,  including 
Nicholas  Matthew  Kredich  '87,  MAT.  '90;  a 

daughter-in-law,  Kimberley  Lathrop  Kredich 

'89;  a  sister;  and  eight  grandchildren. 

Wayne  C.  Olmstead  B.D.  '58  of  Elm  Grove, 
Wis.,  on  March  13,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
June;  four  children;  a  brother;  and  six  grandchildren. 

George  Walter  Piavis  Ph.D.  '58  of  Westminster, 
Md.,  on  Oct.  10,  2000.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Al- 
berta; three  sons;  four  siblings;  and  two  grandchildren. 

Dennis  B.  Stitely  '58  of  Pembroke  Pines,  Fla.,  on 
July  7,  2006.  He  is  survived  by  two  children. 

David  Walrath  B.S.C.E.  '58  of  Hastings-on- 
Hudson,  N.Y.,  on  Aug.  4,  2006.  Survivors  include  his 
wife,  Alice  Walrath  A.M.  '59;  three  children;  and 
eight  grandchildren. 

Vorawee  Wang  lee  '58  of  Bangkok,  Thailand,  on 
Aug.  22,  2006. 

William  T.  Weaver  M.D.  '58  of  Heflin,  Ala.,  on 
July  12,  2006.  Survivors  include  three  children  and 
three  grandchildren. 


Christian  White  B.D.  '58  of  Durham,  on  July  18, 

2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Margaret;  three 
children;  four  stepchildren;  nine  grandchildren;  four 
step-grandchildren;  three  great-grandchildren;  and 
one  great-great-grandchild. 

Nancy  Schlag  Wicks  '58  of  Farragut,  Tenn.,  on 
July  18,  2006.  Survivors  include  three  sons;  three 
grandchildren;  and  a  niece,  Diana  Schlag  Winter 

B.S.E.  '86. 

James  William  Cromwell  Daniel  Jr.  '59  of 

Raleigh,  on  Aug.  10,  2006.  Survivors  include  his 
wife,  Jean;  a  son;  a  brother;  and  a  granddaughter. 

David  G.  Duncan  '59  of  Manassas,  Va.,  on  July  29, 
2006.  Survivors  include  a  daughter,  three  siblings, 
and  two  granddaughters. 

Kathleen  E.  Flynn  '59  of  Orlando,  Fla.,  on  Oct.  13, 


2006.  Survivors  include  four  children,  her  mother,  a 
sister,  and  eight  grandchildren. 

Rex  Beach  Guthrie  J.D.  '59  of  Coral  Gables,  Fla., 

on  Aug.  28,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Nancy; 
a  brother;  six  daughters;  and  11  grandchildren. 
Harriet  Drawbaugh  MacMillan  '59  of  Hickory, 
N.C.,  on  April  7,  2006.  Survivors  include  her  husband, 
Jack  Fuller  MacMillan  '58;  a  son;  and  a  grandson. 

Mary  Frances  Austell  McSwain  M.Ed.  '59  of 
Oxford,  N.C.,  on  June  22,  2006.  Survivors  include 
her  daughter;  three  grandchildren,  including  Angus 
McSwain  Antley  '89;  and  six  great-grandchildren. 

Eldridge  Hord  Moore  Jr.  A.M.  '59  of  Easton, 
Pa.,  on  June  1,2003. 

J.  Allen  Norris  '59,  M.A.T  '60,  Ed.D  '63,  of 
Raleigh,  on  June  15,  2004. 


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May-June  2007 


Hal  M.  Redwine  '59  of  Lexington,  N.C.,  on  Sept. 
1,  2006.  Survivors  include  three  siblings. 

Edwin  Thompson  Upton  B.D.  '59  of  Dallas,  on 
June  9,  2006.  Survivors  include  two  sons  and  three 
grandchildren. 

William  Edwards  Cranford  Jr.  '60  of  Durham, 

on  June  23,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Margaret;  two  daughters;  and  four  grandchildren. 

Eugene  Carson  Crawford  A.M.  '60,  Ph.D.  '62 
of  Lexington,  Ky.,  on  Aug.  3,  2006.  Survivors  include 
two  children  and  a  sister. 

J.  Christopher  Crocker  '60  of  Charlottesville, 
Va.,  on  Sept.  19,  2003.  Survivors  include  two  chil- 
dren and  three  siblings. 

George  Greenberg  Ph.D.  '60ofTeaneck,  N.J., 
on  Feb.  6,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Deborah; 
two  sons;  and  two  brothers. 

H.  James  Herring  Jr.  '60,  M.D.  '64  of  Geneva, 
N.Y.,  on  Sept.  26,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Carol;  three  daughters,  including  Deborah 
Herring  Olsen  '91;  a  sister,  Virginia  Herring 
Remmers  '54;  and  six  grandchildren. 

Linda  Merrell  La  Salle  M.A.T.  '60  of  Camarillo, 
Calif.,  on  April  12,  2006.  Survivors  include  her  hus- 
band, Bear;  two  children;  and  a  grandson. 

Pao-Soong  Lou  A.M.  '60  of  Westwood,  N.J.,  on 
May  21,  2006. 

David  Tucker  Sharp  M.A.T.  '60  of  Springfield, 
Tenn.,  on  Oct.  23,  2005.  Survivors  include  three 
children  and  six  grandchildren. 

Daniel  L.  Austin  '61  of  Richmond,  Va.,  on  April 
23,  2003.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Robin 
Buchanan  Austin  '63;  two  daughters;  a  brother; 
and  four  grandchildren. 

Alexander  Evangelos  Drapos  LL.B.  '61  of 
Worcester,  Mass.,  on  July  10,  2006.  Survivors  include 
three  siblings  and  a  close  friend,  Kam  Ip. 

William  H.  Hancammon  III  '61  of  Wesley  Chapel, 
Fla.,  on  Oct.  15,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Gail; 
two  daughters;  a  brother;  and  two  granddaughters. 

Kenneth  A.  Starling  M.D.  '61  of  Decatur,  Ga.,  on 
Oct.  2,  2006.  Survivors  include  three  children  and 
five  grandchildren. 

Susan  McConnell  West  '61  of  Nashville,  Tenn., 
on  Nov.  26,  2006. 

Paul  R.  Byrum  M.A.T.  '62  of  Shawnee  Mission, 
Kan.,  on  April  21,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  son,  a 
brother,  three  granddaughters,  and  two  great-grand- 
children. 

Howard  Giles  Dunlap  A.M.  '62  of  SnellviUe, 

Ga.,  on  March  19,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Mary;  five  children;  and  eight  grandchildren. 

William  David  Groman  Ph.D.  '62  of  Brookline, 
Mass.,  on  May  7,  2006.  Survivors  include  two  chil- 
dren, five  grandchildren,  and  six  great-grandchildren. 

Michael  E.  Mace  B.S.C.E.  '62  of  Greenville,  S.C., 

on  Jan.  1 1 ,  2003.  Survivors  include  a  son,  Derek 

Edward  Mace  '91. 

Cathryn  A.  Perkins  '62  of  Longview,  Texas,  on 
Sept.  11,  2006.  Survivors  include  two  siblings. 

Bette  Blanton  Roberson  MAT  '62  of  Cary, 
N.C.,  on  March  30,  2006.  Survivors  include  her  hus- 
band, Everett;  two  children;  and  a  grandson. 

Joseph  William  Scott  '62  of  Greensboro,  on 
Oct.  31,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Candy; 
three  daughters;  a  brother;  and  grandchildren. 

Peter  August  Segelke  '62  of  Alvin,  Texas,  on 


May  28,  2004.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Candace; 
three  sons;  his  mother;  and  a  brother. 

Rosalind  Abercrombie  Shields  MAT  '62  of 

Bethlehem,  Pa.,  on  Oct.  9,  2006.  Survivors  include 
her  husband,  Ralph  L.  Shields  M.D.  '64;  three 
children;  her  mother;  three  siblings;  and  three  grand- 
children. 

George  A.  Timblin  B.S.E.E.  '62  of  Charlotte,  on 
Sept.  1,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Carol;  two 
children;  two  siblings,  including  Hazel  Irene 
Timblin  Towns  M.Ed.  '58;  and  four  grandchildren. 

Jefferson  Holland  Campbell  Ph.D.  '63  of 
Wichita  Falls,  Texas,  on  June  30,  2006.  Survivors  in- 
clude three  children,  a  sister,  and  two  grandchildren. 

Stuart  E.  Duncan  II  LL.B.  '63  of  Chattanooga,  Term., 
on  Sept.  2,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Elaine; 
five  children;  a  brother;  and  seven  grandchildren. 

Kay  Ellen  Isley  Lewis  '63  of  Farmville,  N.C,  on 
July  20,  2006.  Survivors  include  her  husband,  John; 
two  children;  her  mother;  and  two  brothers,  includ- 
ing Joseph  P.  Isley  M.D.  78. 

Darlington  Hicks  Pruitt  '63  of  Lake  Forest,  111., 
on  Jan.  17,  2000.  Survivors  include  her  husband, 
Clayton  Ogden  Pruitt  Jr.  '62. 

Merle  Leavitt  Riggs  M.A.T.  '63  of  Winston-Salem, 
on  April  22,  2006.  Survivors  include  two  children, 
four  grandchildren,  and  four  great-grandchildren. 

John  Risher  Brabham  M.Div.  '64  of  Rock  Hill, 
S.C.,  on  Aug.  15,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Katherine;  three  children;  two  siblings;  and  nine 
grandchildren. 

William  Henry  Carr  MAT.  '64  of  Winston- 
Salem,  on  Nov.  16,  2005.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Angela;  two  sons;  a  sister;  and  three  grandchildren. 

Franklin  U.  Creech  '64  of  Smithfield,  N.C,  on 
Nov.  18,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Kay;  two 
children;  a  brother;  and  two  grandchildren. 

Peter  Wayne  Martone  '64  of  Virginia  Beach, 
Va.,  on  April  5,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Monique;  three  children;  and  two  brothers. 

Susan  Klein  Schwartz  '64  of  Marblehead,  Mass., 
on  Oct.  16,2005. 

Robert  Amrine  Turner  MAT.  '64  of  Fort 
Belvoir,  Va.,  on  Sept.  19,  2006. 

Robert  Meredith  Watson  Jr.  A.M.  '64  of 

Memphis,  Tenn.,  on  April  6,  2006.  Survivors  include 


his  wife,  Eileen;  tour  children;  and  I 


childn 


William  Stewart  Adams  D.Ed.  '65  of  Salisbury, 
N.C,  on  May  28,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Martha;  a  son;  a  sister;  and  two  grandchildren. 

Kenneth  Joseph  Claro  '65  of  Long  Branch,  N.J. 

on  April  27,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Mary; 
four  children;  four  siblings;  and  five  grandchildren. 

R.  Taylor  Scott  Th.M.  '65,  Ph.D.  '72  of  Palm 
Coast,  Fla.,  on  May  5,  2006.  Survivors  include  his 
wife,  Carol;  two  children;  two  stepchildren;  a  sister; 
three  grandchildren;  and  three  step-grandchildren. 

Ross  Jordan  Smyth  LL.B.  '65  of  Charlotte,  on 
July  26,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Alice;  three 
children;  two  brothers;  and  six  grandchildren. 

James  Alexander  Vaughan  Jr.  A.M.  '65  of 
Mount  Pleasant,  S.C,  on  April  4,  2006.  Survivors 
include  his  wife,  Eileen;  two  sons;  a  sister;  and  two 
grandchildren. 

Clyde  M.  Bohn  Jr.  '66  ofWoodsboro,  Md.,  on 
April  24,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Joyce 
Fogle  Bohn  M.A.T.  '66;  a  daughtet,  Angela  C. 
Bohn  '00;  and  four  siblings. 


Carl  Edward  Gibson  C.E.R.  '66  of  Galax,  Va.,  on 

Sept.  24,  2000. 

James  B.  Hodges  Th.M.  '66  of  Sneedville, 

Tenn.,  on  Jan.  10,2006. 

Harvey  Huey  Lewis  '66  of  Mechanicsville,  Va., 
on  April  26,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Donna; 
three  children;  and  two  grandchildren. 

John  Charles  Reynolds  '66  of  New  Orleans,  on 

April  6,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Barbara;  a 

son;  a  sister,  Pamela  Reynolds  Ryan  '69;  and 

two  grandchildren. 

Reuben  Raymond  Belongia  MAT  '67  of  Eau 

Claire,  Wis.,  on  March  16,  2006.  Survivors  include 
two  daughters,  a  stepdaughter,  two  sisters,  four  grand- 
children, and  five  great-grandchildren. 

Everett  Lowell  Chrisman  MAT  '67  of  Peoria, 
Ariz.,  on  Sept.  24,  2005. 

Jack  N.  Frost  '67  of  Ocean  Isle  Beach,  N.C,  on 
Aug.  5,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Lorraine; 
three  children;  a  sister;  and  a  granddaughter. 

Arthur  M.  Geller  Ph.D.  '67  of  Wyckoff,  N.J.,  on 
July  10,  2000.  Survivors  include  his  daughter, 
Gennifer  Louise  Geller  M.D.  '95. 

Thomas  Jennings  Goldston  Jr.  Th.M.  '67  of 

Athens,  WVa.,  on  March  23,  2006.  Survivors 
include  his  wife.  Garnet;  three  children;  two  step- 
daughters; a  brother;  and  1 1  gtandchildren. 

Jean  Ellen  Morris  M.A.T.  '67  of  Rye,  N.Y.,  on 
Jan.  6,  2006.  Survivors  include  a  brother. 

Julie  Sharratt  Richardson  '67  of  Costa  Mesa, 

Calif.,  on  May  23,  2000.  Survivors  include  her  hus- 
band, Phil;  three  children;  and  two  brothers,  includ- 
ing Bryan  E.  Sharratt  '69,  J. D.  71. 

John  Dorner  Serbell  '67  of  Dauphin,  Pa.,  on 

June  5,  2003.  Survivors  include  a  son;  two  brothers; 
and  his  companion,  Julie  Hoskins. 

Richard  Lee  Tripp  A.M.  '67  of  St.  Augustine,  Fla., 
on  July  20,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Anne; 
three  daughters;  a  sister;  and  three  grandchildren. 

Alexander  K.  Tyree  M.A.T.  '67  of  Fort  Myers, 
Fla.,  on  May  10,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Ethel;  three  children;  two  siblings;  three  grandchil- 
dren; and  five  great-grandchildren. 

William  P.  Bendiner  A.M.  '68  of  Seattle,  on 

April  23,  2001. 

Sharon  Kalmbach  Herzberg  '68  of  Springfield, 
Va.,  on  March  13,  2005.  Survivors  include  her  son, 
her  stepmother,  and  a  sister. 

C.  Randall  James  M.Div.  '68,  Th.M.  '69  of 

Dallas,  on  May  8,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  mother 
and  a  brother. 

Barbara  Denny  Rottkamp  B.S.N.  '68  of 
Wappingers  Falls,  N.Y.,  on  May  18,  2006.  Survivors 
include  her  husband,  Cyril;  three  children;  her  moth- 
er; two  sistets;  and  five  grandchildren. 

Phillip  G.  Williams  '68  of  Oak  Park,  111.,  on 
July  9,  2005. 

William  B.  Beasley  III  '69  of  Rocky  Mount, 
N.C,  on  March  10,  2006.  He  is  survived  by  three 
children,  including  Macon  Beasley  Fritsch  '95; 
a  sister;  and  four  grandchildren. 

Mary  O'Brien  Green  '69  of  Fairfax,  Va.,  on  Feb. 
19,  2006. 

John  P.  Harper  Jr.  B.S.E.  '69,  M.S.  71  of  Norfolk, 
Va.,  on  March  10,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Anne;  two  daughters;  his  mother;  and  a  sister. 
Bonnie  Keaton  Hensley  M.S.N.  '69  of  Chapel 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Hill,  on  March  18,  2006.  Survivors  include  two  sons 
and  three  grandchildren. 

Donald  Marion  Keen  '69  of  Portland,  Ore.,  on  March 
6,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Ellen;  two  daugh- 
ters; his  parents;  two  siblings;  and  two  grandchildren. 

Breckinridge  L.  Willcox  J.D.  69  of  Santa  Paula, 
Calif.,  on  Nov.  16,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Lynn;  two  sons;  his  mother;  and  a  sister. 

Linda  J.  Allred  70  of  Greenville,  N.C.,  on  Dec. 
26,  2005.  Survivors  include  a  sister. 

Celia  Mullane  Hardekopf  70  of  Albuquerque, 
N.M.,  on  Oct.  16,  2005.  Survivors  include  her  hus- 
band, Jim;  three  children;  her  mother;  three  siblings; 
and  a  grandson. 

Mark  M.  Lucas  70  of  Chattanooga,  Tenn.,  on  May 
1,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Mary,  and  a  sister. 

John  T.  Roach  70  of  Nashville,  Tenn.,  on  Oct. 
18,  2006. 

Ronald  D.  Cyr  M.Div.  71  of  Kinston,  N.C.,  on 
April  11,  2006.  Survivors  include  two  children,  two 

siblings,  and  two  granddaughters. 

Eugene  S.  Gregg  III  A.M.  71  of  Hilton  Head 
Island,  S.C.,  on  June  22,  2006.  Survivors  include  his 
father  and  a  sister. 

Lois  Kinney  71  of  Cincinnati,  on  June  21,  2006. 

Talmadge  P.  Maggard  71  of  Austin,  Texas,  on 

Sept.  4,  2005. 

Rutledge  Tufts  M.Div.  71  of  Durham,  on  May 
16,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Clare;  two  sons; 
his  mother;  and  two  siblings. 

Patricia  Ransley  Vey  71  of  Vero  Beach,  Fla.,  on 
Sept.  26,  2004. 


Stephen  R.  Barker  72  of  Redding,  Calif.,  on  July 
5,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Lydia  Eure 
Barker  72 

James  A.  Blakely  72  of  Lakewood,  Colo.,  on 
April  11,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Sharon; 
two  daughters;  and  his  parents. 

Miriam  W.  Clifford  Ph.D.  72  of  Durham,  on  Aug. 
9,  2006.  Survivors  include  two  children,  Jeanne 
Clifford  Sawyer  74  and  Ralph  D.  Clifford  77, 

and  two  grandchildren. 

Joseph  B.  Martin  Ph.D.  72  of  Charlotte,  on  July 
1 ,  2006.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Joan;  three  chil- 
dren, including  Elizabeth  Werness  Martin  '93; 

three  brothers;  and  numerous  grandchildren. 

Thomas  Pettus  Mickle  BSE.  72  of  Orlando, 
Fla.,  on  April  17,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Jill;  two  children;  and  two  siblings. 

Robert  David  Miller  Ph.D.  72,  M.D.  73  of 
Denver,  on  July  13,2006. 

Gerardo  Molina  Ph.D.  72  of  Guaynabo,  Puerto 
Rico,  on  Nov.  9,  2002. 

Anthony  E.  Satula  Jr.  J.D.  72  of  Larchmont, 

N.Y.,  on  April  7,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Deborah,  and  rhree  children. 

James  E.  Segin  M.Div.  72  of  Oakland  Park,  Fla., 
on  Sept.  19,  2006. 

Robert  T.  Taylor  72  of  Peachtree  City,  Ga.,  on 
Dec.  2,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Bonnie;  a 
son;  his  parents;  and  a  brother. 

Francis  Xavier  Malinowski  Ph.D.  73  of  Bethel 
Park,  Pa.,  on  July  11,  2006.  Survivors  include  seven 

Virginia  Wilson  Wallace  A.M.  73  of  Dallas,  on 


Oct.  22,  2006.  Survivors  include  her  husband, 
William;  three  children;  three  stepchildren;  and  four 
grandchildren. 

Eric  Edward  Weber  BSE.  73,  M.S.  74  of 

Mandeville,La.,onJuly2,2005. 

William  Clarence  Bost  74  of  Seven  Lakes, 
N.C.,  on  April  16,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  par- 
ents and  two  siblings. 

Gerard  Lionel  Bouthillier  A.H.C.  74  of 

Waynesboro,  Va.,  on  March  25,  2005.  Survivors 
include  his  wife,  Jean,  and  two  children. 

Marcia  Lee  Moore  Dunaway  74  of  Minocqua, 
Wis.,  on  March  7,  2006.  Survivors  include  three 
daughters,  her  mother,  and  two  sisters. 

Theodore  James  Esping  J.D.  74  of  Indianapolis, 
on  Oct.  4,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Marcia; 
two  children;  his  parents;  and  three  siblings. 

Larry  R.  Nelson  M.F.  74  of  Clemson,  S.C.,  on 
Aug.  26,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Cynthia;  a 
son;  and  three  siblings. 

Stuart  McGuire  Sessoms  Jr.  J.D.  74  of 

Durham,  on  June  1,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Angela;  a  stepson;  his  mother;  and  a  sister. 

Charles  Eldon  Brady  Jr.  M.D.  75  of  Oak 

Harbor,  Wash.,  on  July  23,  2006.  Survivors  include  a 
son  and  a  sister. 

William  Howard  Feyh  B.H.S.  75  of  San  Diego, 
on  Nov.  9,  2005.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Leah. 

James  E.  Holloway  Ph.D.  75  of  Halifax,  Nova 
Scotia,  on  Aug.  8,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Sandra;  two  children;  and  a  hrother. 

E.  Morgan  Longbotham  Ph.D.  75  of  Wellesley, 
Mass.,  on  April  10,  2005. 


Recent  legislation  contains  a  temporary 
provision  that  allows  donors  age  70  Vi 
or  older  to  make  a  direct,  tax-free  rollover 
of  up  to  $100,000  from  a  traditional 
or  Roth  IRA  to  a  qualified  charitable 
organization  such  as  Duke— but  only  until 
the  end  of  2007.  A  direct  rollover  will 
be  much  better  for  most  donors  than  a 
taxable  withdrawal  followed  by  a  gift. 

To  learn  more  about  charitable  IRA 
rollovers  and  other  "tax-wise"  giving 
opportunities,  please  contact: 


Duke  University  Office  of  Gift  Planning 

21  27  Campus  Drive,  Box  90600 

Durham,  NC  27708 

Phone      (919)681-0464 

Fax  (919)684-9731 

Email       giftplanning@dev.duke.edu 

Web         www.giftplanning.duke.edu 


May-June  2007 


Judith  H.  Ruch  B.S.N.  75  of  Tampa,  Fla.,  on 
March  10,  2006.  Survivors  include  her  husband, 
Paul;  her  parents;  and  a  sister. 

Timothy  Lee  Cobb  B.H.S.  77  of  Houston,  on 

April  25,  2005. 

Lee  Roy  Davis  77  of  Knightdale,  N.C.,  on  July  31, 

2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Scarlette;  three  sons; 
his  parents;  three  brothers;  and  three  grandchildren. 

Stephen  Drew  Hampton  77  of  Las  Vegas,  on 

June  2,  2005. 

Stephen  Starr  King  77  of  Seaside,  Calif,  on  July 
16,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Susanne;  two 
children;  and  three  siblings. 

Cynthia  Ann  Marshall  77  of  Memphis,  Term.,  on 
Aug.  20,  2005.  Survivors  include  her  husband,  John; 
a  daughter;  her  mother;  and  two  sisters. 

Lester  J.  Propst  Jr.  D.Ed.  77  of  Kings  Mountain, 
N.C.,  on  Sept.  15,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Wanda;  two  sons;  a  brother;  a  half-sister;  and  four 
grandchildren. 

Jeffrey  Lynn  Grover  78  of  Jacksonville,  Fla.,  on 
Aug.  20,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Cosaundra; 
two  sons;  and  four  siblings. 

Charles  R.  Kelly  B.H.S.  78,  M.H.S.  '95  of 
Pinehurst,  N.C.,  on  Aug.  22,  2006.  Survivors  include 
his  wife,  Catherine  Harrison  Kelly  B.S.N.  76, 
and  three  daughters. 

Scott  M.  Rand  78  of  San  Diego,  on  July  3 1 ,  2006. 

Robert  L.  Snead  D.Ed.  78  of  Hodges,  S.C.,  on 
Sept.  30,  2006.  Survivors  include  two  sons  and  two 

<_:riindchildren. 

Helene  S.  Baumann  79  of  Hillsborough,  N.C., 
on  July  22,  2006.  Survivors  include  her  husband, 
Gilbert;  two  children;  and  three  sisters. 

Gary  Nelson  Beam  M.Div.  79  of  Jensen  Beach, 
Fla.,  on  Sept.  2,  2006. 

Kent  Harwell  Fulton  M.B.A.  79  of  Washington, 
N.C.,  on  July  4,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Kathey;  a  daughter;  and  three  siblings,  including 
Janis  Fulton  Smith  75. 


i  Walker  Kemp  M.Div.  79  of  Lexington, 
Ky.,  on  Sept.  7,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Barbara;  three  daughters;  his  parents;  a  sister;  and 
three  grandchildren. 

William  M.  Sholes  79  of  New  Orleans,  on  Jan. 
18,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  companion,  David 
Lee  Ingold  11,  and  five  siblings. 
Paul  Warren  Sullivan  Jr.  D.Ed.  79  of 
Hendersonville,  N.C.,  on  Dec.  16,  2005.  Survivors 
include  his  wife,  Brenda;  six  children;  a  brother;  and 
eight  grandchildren. 

Robert  M.  Halperin  A.M.  '80,J.D.  '80  of  Bethesda, 
Md.,  on  July  13,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Candace;  two  daughters;  his  father;  and  three  siblings. 

Arnold  Odell  Herring  MAT.  '80  of  Atkinson, 

N.C.onNov.  9,  2005. 

Patricia  O'Connor  D.Ed.  '80  of  Durham,  on  Sept. 
9,  2006. 

David  Alan  Zalph  '80,  J.D.  '83  of  Wilmington, 
N.C.,  on  Aug.  16,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Andrea  Webb  Deagon  Ph.D.  '84;  a  daughter; 
his  mother;  and  two  brothers,  including  Barry 
Louis  Zalph  B.S.E.  77,  M.S.  '80. 

Carey  Everett  Floyd  Jr.  Ph.D.  '81  of  Chapel 
Hill,  on  Aug.  28,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Beth,  and  his  father. 

Lawrence  Davis  German  H.S.  '81  of 


Schenectady,  N.Y.,  on  Nov.  16,  2005.  Survivors 
include  his  wife,  Danise;  three  daughtets;  a  stepson; 
his  father;  and  two  siblings. 

Kim  Allen  Hull  M.Div.  '81  of  Richmond,  Va.,  on 
Oct.  21,2002. 

Christian  Henry  Hermann  Eschenberg  '82  of 

Mountain  View,  Calif,  on  April  12,  2006.  Survivors 
include  his  parents  and  a  sister. 

R.  Bruce  Felch  M.B.A.  '82  of  San  Jose,  Calif,  on 
July  4,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Sharol;  two 
daughters;  his  mother;  and  thtee  sisters. 

Bernard  H.  Friedman  J.D.  '82  of.Qlympia, 

Wash.,  on  Aug.  3,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Kathleen,  and  a  daughter. 

Barbara  Willard  Short  M.B.A.  '82  of  Durham, 
on  Aug.  17,  2006.  Survivors  include  three  daughters, 
a  sistet,  and  two  gtandchildren. 

Ronando  W.  Holland  A.M.  '84,  Ph.D.  '89  of 
Bluefield,  WVa.,  on  Aug.  3,  2005.  Survivors  include 
his  mother  and  a  brother. 

Tanya  Martin  Pekel  '86,  J.D.  '89  of  St.  Paul, 
Minn.,  on  May  22,  2006.  Survivors  include  her  hus- 
band, Kent;  three  children;  her  parents;  thtee  sib- 
lings; and  a  grandmother. 

Albert  Lewis  Joyner  Jr.  M.Div.  '87  of 
McLeansville,  N.C.,  on  Nov.  30,  2006.  Survivors 
include  his  wife,  Gaynelle;  two  children;  his 
mother;  two  siblings;  six  grandchildren;  and  two 
step-grandchildren. 

Walter  Garver  Lamb  '87  of  Springfield,  111.,  on 
April  12,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  father,  his  step- 
mother, two  brothers,  and  two  stepsiblings. 

Peter  J.  Amsler  M.B.A.  '88  of  Littleton,  N.C.,  on 

Aug.  10,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Suellen, 
and  two  children. 

Kevin  Rene  Bruce  M.S.  '88  of  Durham,  on  Nov. 
24,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Donna;  two 
sons;  his  parents;  and  three  siblings. 

Thomas  Michael  Cunningham  M.B.A.  '88  of 
Matthews,  N.C.,  on  Match  15,  2006.  Survivors 
include  his  wife,  Kimberly;  three  children;  five  sib- 
lings; and  a  grandchild. 


Dennis  R.  Swearingen  M.D.  '88  of  Chicago,  on 
Sept.  26,  2005.  Survivors  include  his  partnet, 
William,  and  his  mother 

Floyd  Daniel  Sawyer  Jr.  M.B.A.  '90  of  Durham, 
on  Oct.  25,  2006.  Survivors  include  two  children,  his 
mother,  and  a  sister. 

Erica  Chalson  DelCore  '91  of  Scotch  Plains, 
N.J.,  on  Nov.  8,  2006.  Survivors  include  her  husband, 
Angelo;  two  children;  her  parents;  a  brother;  and  two 
grandmothers. 

Randall  Wayne  Kindley  Ph.D.  '92  of 
Minneapolis,  on  April  29,  2006.  Survivors  include 
his  wife,  Evelyn  Byrd  Davidheiser  Ph.D.  '90;  a 

son;  his  mother;  and  a  brother. 

Stephen  Martin  Farrar  H.S.  '93  of  Dallas,  on  June  15, 
2004.  Survivors  include  his  parents  and  two  siblings. 

Rodney  Clark  A.M.  '94,  Ph.D.  '96  of  Detroit,  on 

May  18,  2006. 

Larry  Dean  Bohall  M.Div.  '95  of  St.  Joseph,  Mo., 
on  May  3,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Barbara; 
four  children;  and  two  siblings. 

Kristin  Grace  Kennedy  A.H.C  '95  of  Lake 
Buena  Vista,  Fla.,  on  Feb.  24,  2006. 

Roger  David  Madoff  '95  of  New  York,  on  April 

15,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Jennifer;  his  par- 
ents; and  a  sister. 

Robert  Alan  Mick  M.Div.  '98  of  Mooresville,  N.C., 
on  May  14,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Valerie 
Beth  Rosenquist  Ph.D.  '87,  M.Div.  '91;  two  sons; 
his  parents;  a  brother;  and  two  grandchildren. 

Beatrice  Kay  Simpson  M.Div.  '00  of  Dunn, 
N.C.onNov.  14,2006. 

Seth  Aaron  Boyd  A.M.  '01  of  Dover,  Del.,  on 
April  28,  2006.  Survivors  include  a  daughter,  four 
siblings,  and  three  grandparents. 

Reuben  Moskowitz  M.B.A.  '01  of  Monsey,  N.Y., 
on  Sept.  1,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Cipora, 
and  four  daughtets. 

Kyle  Alan  Denham  '02  of  Durham,  on  June  11, 2006. 

Diane  Carol  Linden  M.D.  '03  of  Los  Angeles,  on 

Sept.  12,  2005. 

Melissa  Anne  Hagberg  06  of  Pittsburgh,  on 
Oct.  21,  2006.  Survivors  include  her  parents,  three 
siblings,  and  two  grandparents. 

Rajesh  Ranjan  Das  M.D.  03  of  Saratoga,  Calif., 
on  Dec.  6,  2006.  He  is  survived  by  his  parents,  two 
siblings,  and  a  gtandmother. 

Dr.  Bassett 

Frank  Bassett  111,  team  physician  tor  Duke  Athletics 
from  1966  to  1993  and  a  member  of  the  university's 
Sports  Hall  of  Fame,  died  March  6  in  Durham.  He 
was  78. 

A  graduate  of  the  University  of  Louisville's  med- 
ical school,  Bassett  completed  his  orthopedic  residen- 
cy at  Duke  in  the  early  1960s  and  went  on  to  serve 
the  university  in  several  capacities,  including  director 
of  the  Sports  Medicine  Center,  head  team  physician 
for  Duke  Athletics,  and  professor  of  orthopedic  sur- 
gery. He  was  a  founding  member  of  the  American 
Orthopaedic  Society  for  Sports  Medicine. 

In  1994,  Bassett  was  inducted  into  the  Duke 
Sports  Hall  of  Fame.  In  the  fall  of  1998,  the  street 
that  leads  from  Science  Drive  to  Wallace  Wade 
Stadium  was  named  for  him.  Bassett  co-chaired  the 
Duke  Univetsity  Football  Campaign,  which  raised 
more  than  $20  million  for  the  Yoh  Football  Center 

He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Anne,  and  three  chil- 
dren, including  Marshall  Thompson  Bassett 
76  and  Lucia  Bassett  Steinhilber  77. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Provost  Bevan 

William  Bevan,  former  Duke  provost  and  founder  of 
Duke's  Talent  Identification  Program  (TIP),  died 
February  19.  He  was  84. 

A  cognitive  psychologist,  Bevan  A.M.  '43,  Ph.D. 
'48,  Hon.  72  joined  the  Duke  psychology  department 
as  a  faculty  member  in  1974  and  served  as  provost 
from  1979  to  1983.  One  of  his  most  visible  achieve- 
ments at  Duke  was  the  founding  of  the  TIP  program, 
which  identifies  academically  talented  students 
across  the  country  as  early  as  fourth  grade  and  pro- 
vides innovative  programs  to  help  develop  their 
intellectual  potential.  In  2004,  when  TIP  moved 
into  new  headquarters,  the  building  was  dedicated 
in  Bevan 's  honor. 

He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Dorothy  Chorpening 
Bevan  '44;  three  sons,  including  Mark  F.  Bevan 
M.D.  '76  and  Philip  R.  Bevan  J.D.  '79;  a  brother; 
and  nine  grandchildren,  including  Allison  M. 
Bevan  '9S,  A.M.  '06  and  Brian  C.  Bevan  '02. 

Golf  Coach  Myers 

Rod  Myers,  men's  golf  head  coach,  died  on  March  30. 
He  was  67. 

During  his  thirtv-four-vear  career  at  Duke,  Myers 
coached  sixteen  All-Ameticas,  nine  Academic  All- 
Americas,  rwenty-four  AU-ACC  selections,  and 
three  ACC  individual  champions.  He  also  guided  the 
Blue  Devils  to  thirty  tournament  wins  and  seven  trips 
to  the  NCAA  Championships.  He  came  to  Duke  in 
the  fall  of  1973  after  serving  as  head  golf  coach  at 
Ohio  State  University  for  seven  years. 

Survivors  include  his  wife,  Nancy;  three  daughters; 
and  five  grandchildren. 

Trustee  Emeritus  Nasher 

Raymond  D.  Nasher,  namesake  and  founder  of 
Duke's  Nasher  Museum  of  Art,  died  March  16  in 
Dallas.  He  was  85. 

Nasher  '43,  a  developer,  was  one  of  the  country's 
leading  collectors  of  modern  and  contemporary 
sculpture  and  had  strong  family  ties  to  Duke.  He 
served  on  the  university's  boatd  of  trustees  from  1968 
through  1974,  when  he  was  elected  t 

Active  in  the  business  and  arts  c 
Dallas,  Nasher  chaired  The  Nasher  Foundation  of 
Dallas  and  Comerica  Bank-Texas.  He  served  in  several 
government  positions  and  was  appointed  to  the 
President's  Committee  on  the  Arts  and  Humanities 
by  thtee  U.S.  presidents.  In  2003,  Nasher  opened  the 
Nasher  Sculpture  Center  in  Dallas.  He  also  estab- 
lished a  sculpture  garden  in  his  name  at  the  Peggy 
Guggenheim  Collection  in  Venice. 

Nasher  is  survived  by  three  daughters,  including 
Nancy  A.  Nasher  J.D.  '79,  a  Duke  trustee,  and 
three  grandchildren. 

Professor  and  Associate  Dean 
Emeritus  Shepard 

Marion  L.  Shepard,  of  Durham,  died  July  22,  2005. 
He  was  67. 

Shepard  graduated  from  the  Michigan  College  of 
Mining  and  Technology  in  1959  with  a  degtee  in 
metallurgical  engineering.  He  earned  his  Ph.D.  at 
Iowa  State  University  in  the  early  1960s. 

Aftet  wotking  with  United  Technologies'  Pratt 
and  Whitney  Aircraft  Division  for  several  years,  he 
joined  the  Duke  faculty  in  1967.  In  1977,  he  became 
Associate  Dean  for  Undergraduate  Programs,  serving 
in  that  role  until  his  retitement  in  1999.  At  Duke, 
he  also  served  as  a  member  of  the  Academic  Council, 
the  Athletic  Council,  and  the  Engineering  Faculty 
Council. 

He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Cynrhia;  a  daughter, 
Lori  Shepard  Gagnon  '88;  five  siblings;  and  a 
granddaughter. 

Editor's  note:  this  is  a  corrected  version  of  an  obituary 
that  appeared  in  the  January-February  issue. 


Provost  Strohbehn 

Former  Duke  Provost  John  Walter  Strohbehn  died 
February  22  in  Hanover,  N.H.  He  was  70. 

Strohbehn  served  as  provost  from  1994  to  1999. 
During  his  tenure,  the  university  made  significant 
progress  in  increasing  the  number  of  minority  faculty 
membets  and  students  and  further  developed  its  inter- 
disciplinary strengths.  He  also  served  as  professor  of 
biomedical  engineering  and  civil  and  environmental 
engineering,  retiring  as  professor  emeritus  in  2003. 

Strohbehn  was  a  founding  fellow  of  the  American 
Institute  of  Medical  and  Biological  Engineering  and  a 
fellow  of  the  American  Association  for  the  Advance- 
ment of  Science.  In  1988,  he  was  co-awarded  a  patent 
for  a  stereotactic  operating  microscope. 

He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Barbara;  three  children; 
a  sister;  and  five  grandchildren. 


Professor  Emeritus  of  Psychology  Wing 

Cliff  Waldron  Wing  Jr.  died  April  7.  He  was  84. 

Before  coming  to  Duke  in  1965,  he  was  the  directot 
of  admissions  at  Tulane  University  and  an  assistant 
dean  at  Harvard  University.  He  also  served  as  presi- 
dent of  the  National  Association  of  College  Admis- 

Wing's  research  focused  on  the  assessment  of 
talent  and  the  college  admissions  process,  the  effects 
of  motion  on  perceprion,  and  the  relationship 
between  demographic  factors  and  voting  patterns. 
He  served  as  a  consultant  to  the  North  Carolina 
School  of  Science  and  Mathematics  and  the 
Louisiana  School  for  Mathematics,  Science  and 
the  Atts.  He  is  survived  by  rwo  sons,  including 
Steven  Bennett  Wing  A.M.  '80;  and  four 

grandchildren. 


Classifieds 


ACCOMMODATIONS 


MISCELLANEOUS 


Paris,  SW  France,  Provence:  Comfortable  apart- 
ments, homes,  chateaux.  FHR@earthlink.net. 
(503)  219-9190.  www.FrenchHomeRentals.com. 

Rome:  Bright,  elegant  apartment.  Marvelous 
beamed  ceilings.  Antiques.  Walk  to  Spanish  Steps, 
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Edisto  Island,  S.C.:  Fantastic  beachfront  house 
sleeping  12.  Great  spring/fall  rates.  Neat  Chatleston. 
(202)  338-3877  fot  information,  pictures. 

France:  Provencal  Farmhouse:  Srunning  ancestral 
home.  Magnificent  mountain  views.  Fields  of 
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London:  My  apartment  near  Marble  Arch  is  less 
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(919)  929-3194.  elisabeth.fox@duke.edu. 

Paris,  Elegant  Left  Bank  Apartment:  Sixth 
Arrondissement.  Walk  to  Seine,  Louvre,  and 
Luxembourg  Gardens.  Near  open-air  market. 
(609)  924-7520.  gaml@comcast.net. 


FOR  SALE 


Port  Charlotte,  Fla.,  waterfront  lot:  D.  Lin,  Esq., 

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Premier  used  and  rare  book  business  in  Western 
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Quality  Translations:  Spanish-English,  English- 
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May-June  2007 


Under  the  Gargoyle 


Bearing  Witness 


Because  fewer  and  fewer  Americans 
read  for  their  news,  and  because  those 
who  do  see  no  reason  to  pay  for  con- 
tent they  can  get  for  free,  U.S.  daily 
newspaper  circulation  has  dropped  from  62 
million  in  1990  to  53  million  in  2005. 

The  most  distressing  part  is  that  there 
seems  to  be  absolutely  no  correlation  be- 
tween newspaper  quality  and  newspaper  cir- 
culation. Since  2000,  my  newspaper  has  won 
thirteen  Pulitzer  Prizes.  And  yet,  over  the  same 
period,  our  Monday-Saturday  circulation 
has  declined  by  an  astonishing  27  percent. 

Of  course  declining  circulation  is  only 
part  of  newspapering's  problem.  The  rest 
has  to  do  with  the  flight  of  advertising  to 
the  Web,  the  slowness  of  mainstream  news 
organizations  to  adapt  to  new  technologies, 
the  corporatization  of  newsrooms,  and  the 
relentless  pressure  by  shareholders  for  prof- 
its that  bear  no  relationship  to  the  public- 
service  obligations  of  a  free  press. 

One  newspaper  analyst  recently  calculated 
that,  with  the  steady  decline  in  newspaper 
shares,  $13.5  billion  in  newspaper  capital 
value  had  vaporized  over  the 
last  two  years. 

The  result?  These  days,  we 
can  literally  see  American 
newspapers  shrinking.  The 
Wall  Street  Journal  began  the 
year  by  cutting  several  inch- 
es off  its  width,  and  The  New 
York  Times  and  Los  Angeles 
Times  will  soon  follow.  Ad- 
vertising has  replaced  news 
on  the  section  fronts  of  ma- 
jor newspapers.  The  impact 
of  the  budgetary  squeeze  on 
newsrooms  and  newsgather- 
ing  has  been  profound.  Editor  and  Publisher 
Magazine  conservatively  estimates  that  2,100 
newspaper  jobs  were  lost  in  2005  and  another 
1,000  in  2006. 

If  you  think  those  reductions  don't  affect 
the  quantity  and  quality  of  the  news  we  re- 
port, think  again.  At  a  moment  when  world 
events  have  so  much  bearing,  the  number 
of  foreign  correspondents  for  U.S.  newspa- 
pers has  dropped  by  25  percent  in  four  years 


At  a  moment  when 
world  events  have 
so  much  bearing,  the 
number  of  foreign 
correspondents  for 
U.S.  newspapers  has 
dropped  by  25  percent 
in  four  years. 


—from  188  in  2002  to  141  in 
2006.  Papers  in  my  own 
chain,  Tribune  Company, 
have  shuttered  bureaus  in 
Johannesburg,  Moscow,  Lon- 
don, Beijing,  Beirut,  and  Is- 
lamabad, not  that  there's 
much  news  in  any  of  those 
places. 

Many  papers,  according  to  a 
recent  story  in  The  New  York 
Times,  are  significantly  trim- 
ming their  Washington  bu- 
reaus. If  forced  to  predict,  I  would  guess  that 
investigative  reporting  will  be  next  to  feel 
the  squeeze,  as  it  is  hugely  expensive  and 
speculative  work. 

To  survive,  newspapers  are  becoming  in- 
creasingly localized.  Robust  local  coverage 
is  a  good  thing.  But  we  are  fast  approaching 
the  day  when  the  Associated  Press  and  The 
New  York  Times  may  be  the  only  print  or- 
ganizations that  comprehensively  cover  our 
country  and  our  world. 

It  raises  the  question:  Does  anyone  really 
think  we  need  fewer  eyes  on  our  federal 
government  right  now,  or  on  foreign  affairs? 
Or  on  New  Orleans? 

I'm  not  arguing  that 
newspaper  reporters  are 
more  entitled  than,  say,  tex- 
tile workers  to  protection 
from  technological  advances. 
Like  most  journalists,  I  rec- 
ognize that  we  live  in  a 
Darwinian  world  and  that 
you  either  adjust  to  change 
or  perish.  Furthermore,  I  rec- 
ognize that  there  are  bigger 
threats  to  humanity  than  the 
loss  of  a  few  thousand  news- 
paper jobs.  Nuclear  terror- 
ism comes  to  mind,  and  catastrophic  cli- 
mate change. 

But  will  we  know  as  much,  will  we  know 
enough,  about  those  challenges  and  the 
hundreds  of  others,  without  a  rigorous  press 
that  has  the  resources  to  dig  for  real  truth 
and  insight?  And  without  all  the  informa- 
tion we  can  get,  will  we  really  have  a  fight- 
ing chance? 
Therein  lies  the  rub.  At  least  for  the  mo- 


ment, the  new  media  has 
shown  little  interest  in  as- 
suming the  old  media's  mis- 
sion of  fully  and  fairly  report- 
ing the  news.  They  are  lazily 
and  cynically  and  greedily 
satisfied  to  recycle  and  repack- 
age the  content  produced  by 
the  real  media,  if  I  may  be  so 
bold.  If  Google  and  Yahoo  and 
YouTube  have  any  reporters 
risking  their  asses  in  Bagh- 
dad, I'm  not  aware  of  it. 
The  great  irony  of  all  this,  it  seems  to  me, 
is  that  in  an  age  when  we  seem  so  hungry 
for  information,  we  seem  to  have  little  ap- 
petite for  fact,  for  truth,  for  context  and  bal- 
ance. Someone  needs  to  recognize  that  there 
is  still  a  market  for  those  values. 

I  recognize  that  the  Internet,  at  its  best,  is 
a  democratizing  force  that  gives  everyone  a 
real  voice.  But  blogs,  from  my  observation, 
are  mostly  blather.  They  simply  do  not 
eliminate  the  need  for  fact-finding.  And 
they  certainly  don't  obviate  the  need  for  a 
professional  press  that,  believe  it  or  not, 
operates  most  of  the  time  according  to  very 
stringent  standards  of  accuracy  and  fairness. 
And  without  sounding  too  elitist,  the  in- 
teractivity of  today's  technology,  while  posi- 
tive in  many  ways,  may  give  the  reader  a  lit- 
tle too  much  say  over  what  we  publish.  We 
know  what  you  like,  because  we  know  what 
you  read.  We  can  measure  the  hits,  every 
second.  And  if  it  will  drive  our  ad  rates  up, 
we'll  be  happy,  I'm  sure,  to  give  you  all  the 
Brangelina  you  can  handle — and  perhaps 
pull  a  reporter  out  of  Somalia  to  do  it. 

What  worries  me  is  not  just  that  newspa- 
per reporters  may  have  to  adapt  to  survive. 
What  really  worries  me  is  that  the  death  of 
newspapers  is  also  seriously  threatening  the 
health  of  journalism,  at  a  time  when  we  can 
ill  afford  it.  If  our  democracy  is  to  remain 
strong,  someone  must  bear  witness. 

Sack  '81 ,  until  recently  a  correspondent  for  the 
Los  Angeles  Times,  received  this  year's  Futrell 
Award  for  journalistic  achievement.  This  is  an 
edited  version  of  his  acceptance  speech,  deliv- 
ered in  February.  He  is  now  a  national  corre- 
spondent for  The  New  York  Times. 


DUKK  MAGAZINE 


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President's  Homecoming  Dance 

Step  Show 

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Football 


The  Half  Century  Club 
gathers  during  Homecoming 
to  celebrate  alumni  who 
graduated  in  or  before  1957. 
More  information  will  be 
coming  your  way  this  summer. 


Watch  the  mail  and  www.dubealumni.com/Homecoming 
for  information  as  it  becomes  availab 


engage 


rV    V 


u^iOber  12-14 

Half  Centurv  Club  Weekend 


I  Duke 

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COLLABORATES 


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THE  SIMPLICITY  OF  LAKE  LIFE 
AND  VIEWS  TO  LAST  A  LIFETIME. 

On  Lake  James,  nature  surrounds.  The  majesty 
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morning  hikes,  afternoon  kayaking  or  waterskiing, 
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November    7-9,    2007 


President  and  CEO,  Red  Hat 
CEO,  NYSE 


Senior  Vice  President 
and  Head  of  Corporate 
Governance,  TIAA-CREF 


mmmtmaamam 

Directors'  Education 
Institute  at  Duke  university 


The  Directors'  Education  Institute  (DEI)  at  Duke  University 

is  an  intensive  and  innovative  two-day  program  to  address 
the  critical  issues  facing  Boards  today.  This  ISS  accredited 
program  is  designed  for  board  chairs,  corporate  directors,  and 
senior  executive  officers  of  publicly  traded  companies. 
Through  an  examination  of  topical  issues  —  such  as  succes- 
sion planning,  strategy,  compensation,  institutional  investor 
activism,  financial  accounting  and  reporting,  audit  committee 
practices,  ethics,  litigation,  D&O  insurance,  and  crisis 
management  —  the  DEI  provides  substantive  instruction  to 
participants  and  the  opportunity  to  engage  with  peers  to 
develop  best  boardroom  practices. 

With  insight  from  leading  executives,  corporate  directors, 
policymakers,  legal  and  financial  services  experts,  as  well 
as  academic  authorities  from  The  Fuqua  School  of  Business 
and  Duke  School  of  Law,  the  Directors'  Education  Institute 
offers  participants  a  framework  for  making  informed  board 
decisions  and  exercising  sound  business  judgment. 


1  Can  Boards  Handle 

Both  Their  Strategic  and 

Compliance  Duties? 

CEO  and  CFO  Retention 

and  Succession 
1  Current  Issues  in 

Executive  Compensation 
1  Shareholder  Activism, 

Institutional  Investors, 

Hedge  Funds  and 

Private  Equity 

1  Managing  the  Liability 
Exposure  of  Directors 
Audit  Committee 
Communications  and 
Coordination  with 
the  Board 
What  Directors 
Must  Know  About 
Financial  Reporting 


Program  Fee  $3,750 

The  fee  covers  tuition, 
instructional  materials 
and  all  meats. 
Register  online 
or  call  919.613.7260 


Visit  our  web  site  for  the  most  up-to-date  information.  WWW.  D  U  ke  D  E 1 . 0  fg 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Vol.  93,  No.  4 


EDITOR: 

Robert  J.  BliwiseA.M.  '86 
MANAGING  EDITOR: 
Zoe  Ingalls 
SENIOR  WRITER: 
Bridget  Booher  '82,  A.M.  '92 
CLAY  FELKER 
MAGAZINE  FELLOW: 
l.icob  Pagger'03 
SENIOR  EDITORIAL 
ASSISTANT: 
Kate  Bailey 

PUBLISHER:  Sterly  L.  Wilder  '83 
and  Peter  Vaughn 
STUDENT  INTERNS: 
Jared  Mueller  '09 
kcllv  Schmader 
Will  Waggenspack  '08 
DESIGN  CONSULTANT: 
Maxine  Mills  Graphic  Design 
PRINTER:  Progress  Printing 
OFFICERS,  DUKE  ALUMNI 
ASSOCIATION: 
Thomas  C.  Clark  '69,  president; 
Sterly  L.  Wilder  '83,  secretary- 
treasurer 

PRESIDENTS,  SCHOOL 
AND  COLLEGE  ALUMNI 
ASSOCIATIONS: 
Sheila  Rayburn  Cumbest  M.R.E.  '90, 
Divinuy  School;  pravson  W  Pate 
B.S.E.  '84,  Pratt  School  <>l  En^occnn^; 
Amy  Schick  Kenney  '96,  M.E.M.  '98, 
Nicholas  School  of  the  Environment 
and  Earth  Sciences;  lonathan  Wiuser 
M.B.A.  '94,  Fiidiu  School  o/ Business; 
J.  Brett  Bennett  M.H.A.  '86, 
Department  of  Health  .-VfmmistratiHii; 
Tom  WinlandJ.D.  '74,  School  of  Law; 
Roslyn  Bernstein  Mannon  M.D.  'S5, 
School  of  Medicine;  Carole  A.  Klove 
B.S.N.  '80,  School  of  Nursing;  Holly 
Eggert  Duchene  D.P.T.  '03,  Graduate 
Program  in  Physical  Therapy 
EDITORIAL  ADVISORY  BOARD: 
Clay  Felker '51,  chair;  Peter 
Applebome  71,  lice  chair;  Sarah 
Hardesry  Bray  72;  Nancy  L. 
CarJwell  V1;  [cnniter  Farmer '96; 
Jerrold  K.  Footlick;  Robbyn 
Footlick  '85;  Edward  M.  Gomez  79; 
Devin  Gordon  '98;  Kerry  E. 
Harmon  '82;  John  Harwood  '78; 
Dave  Karger  '95;  Chris  Keyes  '96; 
Nora  Krug  '92;  Stephen  Labaton 
A.M./J.D.  '86;  Hugo  Lindgten  '90; 
Sata  Lipka  '01;  Julia  Livshin  '96; 
Valetie  A.  May  77;  Michael 
Milstein  '88;  N.  Page  Murray  III 
'85;  Ann  Pelham  74;  Lauren 
Porcaro  '96;  Richard  Reeves; 
JrmRosenfield  '81;  Michael  J. 
Schoenfeld  '84;  Susan  Tifft  73; 
Greg  Veis  '03;  Jane  Vessels  77; 
James  O.Wilson  74;  Shelby 
Oppel  Wood  '95;  Robert  J.  Bliwise 
A.M.  '88,  secretary 
SUBSCRIPTIONS: 
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©  2007  Duke  University 
I'uMi*1kJ  hmnnthlv  by  the 
Office  of  Alumni  Affairs 


DUKE 


Magazine 


JULY-AUGUST  2007 


www.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


Features 


Hot  on  the  Trail  of  C02  by  Jeffrey  Pollack 

An  alumnus  with  a  degree  in  coastal  environmental  management  and  a  "penchant  for  salty, 
sandy  places"  returns  to  the  Nicholas  School  for  fresh  insights  into  the  topic  of  our  times — 
global  climate  change 

Rhyme,  Writing,  Revenge,  and  All  That  Jazz 

Excerpts  that  illustrate  the  robust  thinking,  wide-ranging  interests,  and  creative  reach 
of  the  most  recent  crop  of  award-winning  graduates 

Toast  of  the  Town  by  Greg  Veis 

With  a  six-figure  advance,  an  aggressively  brokered  two-book  deal,  and  media  buzz 
surrounding  his  rapid  rise  to  fame,  twenty-eight-year-old  alumnus  Dana  Vachon  ponders 
his  future  as  the  Next  Big  Thing 


32 


44 


Departments 


Quad  Quotes 

All- American  Sopranos,  relentlessly  campaigning  politicians, 
bad  health-care  practices 


Forum 

The  fallout  from  lacrosse,  the  search  for  athletic  equity,  the  lure  of  community  engagement 


Full  Frame 

Cool  currents  on  Central  Campus 


GM's  chief  for  graduation,  campus  encounters  through  iTunes,  another  championship 
in  golf;  Sports:  mental  conditioning;  Campus  Observer:  wedding  campouts;  Q&A: 
Iraq's  constitutional  quandaries 

Books 

A  short-story  collection  that  travels  through  time  and  space,  plus  Book  Notes 

Alumni  Register 

Partners  in  education — in  D.C.  and  Durham,  student  scholars  with  alumni  ties; 
Career  Corner:  moving  up  the  corporate  hierarchy;  Retrospective:  a  not-so-tall  wall; 
mini-profiles:  spearheading  humanitarian  efforts,  working  for  homeland  security, 
spotting  travel  trends 

Under  the  Gargoyle 

A  call  for  critical  thinking  about  the  digital  world 


60 


63 


Between 
the  Lines 


What  better  time  to  contemplate 
a  warming  planet,  the  cover 
theme,  than  at  the  peak  point 
of  a  Durham  summer? 

The  writer,  Jeffrey  Pollack  M.E.M.  '02, 
has  both  a  personal  and  professional  stake 
in  the  subject.  He  grew  up  in  Florida,  and 
"the  coast  was  prominent  in  my  memo- 
ries," he  says.  As  a  graduate  student  in 
environmental  management,  he  concen- 
trated on  coastal  issues.  Now,  he  works  as 
a  liaison  between  scientists  and  policy- 
makers whose  backgrounds  haven't 
steeped  them  in  science.  Part  of  the  chal- 
lenge with  climate  change,  he  says,  is  for 
scientists  to  extrapolate,  communicate, 
and  contextualize  their  findings,  even  as 
those  findings  don't  necessarily  proceed 
from  certain  knowledge. 

Public  attentiveness  to  a  grand-scale 
environmental  threat  is  one  thing;  under- 
standing it  is  something  else.  A  News' 
week  poll  this  summer  found  that  a  huge 
percentage — some  83  percent — pegged  a 
hotter  sun  as  the  chief  culprit  in  global 
warming.  But  back  in  February,  a  report 
from  the  Intergovernmental  Panel  on 
Climate  Change  concluded  that  green- 
house gases  have  caused  most  of  the  recent 
warming.  Duke  climatologist  Gabriele 
Hegerl,  an  author  of  the  scientific  study, 
said  that  without  accounting  for  human 
activities,  "we  cannot  really  explain  the 
observed  climate  changes." 

Some  day  rising  sea  levels  may  project 
Manhattan  into  a  version  of  Venice.  A 
warmer  planet  will  be  uninviting  in  other 
ways.  An  article  that  appeared  this  sum- 
mer in  The  Wall  Street  journal  pointed  out 
that  poison  ivy — "the  scourge  of  summer 
campers,  hikers,  and  gardeners" — is  grow- 
ing faster  in  a  carbon-dioxide-rich  envi- 
ronment. The  article  pointed  to  Duke- 
led  research  from  last  year,  which  found 
that  increased  carbon-dioxide  levels  cre- 
ate a  chemical  change  that  results  in  a 
more  potent  form  of  urushiol.  Urushiol  is 
the  oil  carried  in  poison  ivy  that  triggers 
an  annoyingly  itchy  rash. 

Life  is  going  to  be  feeling  warmer.  And 
itchier. 

— Robert].  Bliwise,  editor 


QUAD  QUOTES 


"When  you  talk  to  the 
other  side,  they're  going  to 
say,  'What's  next,  cheese- 
burgers?' " 

—William  Purdy,  director 
of  Duke  Student  Health,  on 
the  decision  to  make  Duke 
Medical  Center  and  health- 
system  facilities  smoke  free, 
in  The  Chronicle 

"The  Sopranos  are  us. 
The  Mafia  has  been  domes- 
ticated." 

—Thomas  Ferraro,  professor 
of  English,  describing  The 
Sopranos,  which  recently 
ended  an  eight-year  run  on 
HBO,  as  a  reflection  of  middle- 
class  society,  in  The  Atlanta 
Journal-Constitution 

"If  there  is  a  false  positive, 
they  need  to  be  able  to  ad- 
mit it  and  not  take  an  ath- 
lete who  has  worked  their 
butt  off  for  years  and  think, 
'It's  OK  the  world  thinks 
you're  a  cheater,  it's  for  the 
good  of  the  system.' " 

—Jessica  Foschi  J.D.  '07,  a 
former  competitive  swimmer 
who  was  charged  with  using 
steroids  at  age  fourteen,  and 
later  exonerated,  on  problems 
with  the  sport's  drug-enforce- 
ment program,  in  Newsday 

"They're  the  people  who 
are  going  to  fade  out.  That 
kind  of  worries  me.  It's  90 
degrees  . . .  here.  It's  not 
time  for  campaigning." 

-John  Aldrich,  Pfizer-Pratt 
University  Professor  of 
political  science,  on  the  poten- 
tial for  well-informed  voters  to 
suffer  "campaign  fatigue," 
given  the  early  coverage  of 
the  2008  election  candidates, 
in  The  New  York  Times 

"Around  hole  seven  or 
eight,  after  I  had  made  a 
couple  of  birdies  in  a  row,  I 
started  thinking  how  much 
he  would  love  to  be  out 
here  watching  today.  I 
know  he  was  looking  down 


on  us  and  probably  helping 
me  will  some  of  those  putts 
in.  We  miss  him." 

—Duke  golfer  Michael 

Schachner  '08,  during  the 

NCAA  tournament,  on  Coach 

Rod  Myers,  who  died 

of  leukemia  in  March, 

in  The  Chronicle 

"Write  your  own  story.  It  is 
the  greatest  story  you  will 
ever  tell.  You  can't  change 
the  ending,  but  what  hap- 
pens in  between  where  you 
are  now  and  the  end  is  up 
to  you." 

—Award-winning  journalist 

Charlie  Rose  '64,  J.D.  '68, 

addressing  graduates  at 

the  law  school's  annual 

hooding  ceremony 


"The  U.S.  health-care  sys- 
tem operates  more  like  a 
robber  baron  than  like  the 
Robin  Hood  it  is  reputed  to 
be,  taking  excessive  amounts 
from  ordinary  payers  of 
health- insurance  premiums 
and  enriching,  directly  or 
indirectly,  the  health-care 
industry  and  its  high- 
income  customers." 

-Clark  Havighurst,  William 

Neal  Reynolds  Professor 

Emeritus  of  law,  during  a  panel 

discussion  on  health  care  at  the 

American  Enterprise  Institute 

"Watch  your  stereotypes. 
They're  going  to  be  wrong." 


DUKEMAGA/IK'- 


WP 


public's  misperception  about 

the  diversity  of  Duke 

students,  in  an  address  at 

the  spring  meeting  of  the 

alumni-association  board 

"This  kind  of  revelation  is  a 
reminder  to  the  conservative 
base  about  their  differences." 
—David  Rohde,  professor  of 
political  science,  on  Repub- 
lican presidential  candidate 
Rudy  Giuliani's  having  made 
donations  to  Planned  Parent- 
hood in  the  1990s,  in  Newsday 

"The  'People's  Prime  Minis- 
ter' has  become  the  'Presi- 
dent's Prime  Poodle.'  " 

—Benjamin  Grob-Fitzgibbon, 

visiting  assistant  professor 

of  history,  in  early  May, 

reflecting  on  the  declining 

popularity  of  Britain's  then- 


"People  are  horrendous  at 
judging  how  a  particular  per- 
son sees  them,  but  reason- 
ably good  at  perceiving  how 
they  come  across  in  general." 

—Mark  Leary,  professor  of  psy- 
chology, on  gauging  strangers' 
first  impressions,  in  Health 

"There's  an  inconsistency 
here  that  could  confuse  kids." 

—Paul  Bloom,  senior  research 
scholar  of  social  entrepreneur- 
ship  and  marketing,  on  the 
animated  character  Shrek 
being  used  by  companies 
to  advertise  junk  food  and  in 
public-service  commercials 
that  promote  exercise  for  kids, 
in  USA  Today 


"Having  read  the  horror 
stories  of  guys  being  swin- 
dled, misused,  abused,  guys 
who  finish  their  careers 
with  nothing  after  having 
everything,  [I  decided]  that 
it  was  time  for  somebody  to 
step  in  and  essentially 
become  a  guide,  become  an 
advocate,  become  counsel." 

Former  NBA  player  Len 
Elmore,  a  Harvard  Law  gradu- 
ate, on  temporarily  leaving  a 
job  in  broadcasting  to  work  as 
a  sports  agent,  during  a  talk  at 
Duke  Law  School 

"If  you  think  about  a  child 
who's  coping  with  an  espe- 
cially challenging  task,  I 
don't  think  there's  anything 


better  in  the  world  than  that 
child  hearing  from  a  parent 
or  from  a  teacher  the  words, 
'You'll  get  there.' " 

—Steven  Asher,  professor  of 

psychology,  on  the  importance 

of  teaching  students  that 

their  intelligence  can  grow, 

on  National  Public  Radio's 

Morning  Edition 

"In  the  end,  it's  about  egre- 
gious conduct  by  the  defen- 
dants that  ruined  a  woman's 


— Erwin  Chemerinsky,  Alston 

&  Bird  Professor  of  law  and 

a  lawyer  for  former  CIA 

agent  Valerie  Plame,  urging 

a  judge  to  allow  her  case 

against  Bush  administration 

officials  to  go  forward,  in 

The  New  York  Times 


July-August  2007 


Forum 


Enduring  Lacrosse 

I  have  been  reluctant  to 
write  about  the  lacrosse 
case  in  any  way;  but  now  I 
feel  compelled  to  reply  to 
some  of  the  criticism  writ- 
ten here  and  voiced  at  vari- 
ous functions  on  campus. 

The  major  factor  is  peo- 
ple's lack  of  recognition 
that  no  judgment  should  be 
made  before  a  legal  judg- 
ment is  announced.  Our 
president  took  the  high  road 
and  waited  for  the  attorney 
general's  verdict. 

The  president's  comments 
were  about  behavior  which 
needed  to  be  addressed.  If 
he  had  not  stated  that  the 
behavior  was  not  appropri- 
ate for  Duke  students,  many 
more  alumni  would  have 
been  shocked.  I  have  heard 
them  say  so. 

No  one  who  did  not  ex- 
perience that  time  in  Dur- 
ham could  possibly  know 
what  the  whole  community 
went  through.  There  was 
hatred  in  the  air,  racial  ten- 
sion, and  news  media  every- 
where. Durham  suffered, 
but  our  mayor  with  his 
peacemaking  approach  kept 
a  balance. 

Duke  is  my  alma  mater, 
and  I  continue  to  feel  proud 
of  the  ethics  of  its  adminis- 


MaryD.B.T.Semans'39, 

Hon.  '83 

Durham,  North  Carolina 

The  most  important  respon- 
sibility ot  every  college  and 
university  president  is  the 
safety  of  their  students,  fac- 
ulty, and  staff.  When  threats 
are  made  against  students, 
as  they  were  during  the 


lacrosse  case,  those  threats 
must  be  taken  seriously. 
Had  the  lacrosse  season 
continued  . . .  and  had  there 
been  violence  against  the 
students,  the  university 
would  have  been  in  an 
indefensible  position  of 
having  placed  greater  value 
on  athletics  than  on  safety. 

During  the  early  stages  of 
the  case,  President  Brod- 
head  was  the  one  individual 
among  those  who  were 
quoted  often  in  the  media 
who  consistently  reminded 
reporters  and  the  public  that 
under  the  law  the  accused 
students  were  presumed  in- 
nocent. Suspension  of  stu- 
dents against  whom  felony 
charges  have  been  filed  is  a 
policy  followed  by  most  col- 
leges and  universities.  The 
wisdom  of  this  is  self-evi- 
dent. A  university  could 
put  the  safety  of  its  entire 
community  at  risk  by  allow- 
ing students  who  have  been 
charged  with  crimes  of  vio- 
lence to  remain  in  school. 

As  an  alumna  in  the  Tri- 
angle, I  live  in  close  prox- 
imity to  the  combustible 
atmosphere  of  the  first 
months  of  the  case,  and 
safety  was  clearly  an  issue. 
As  a  Duke  parent,  I  must 
believe  that  the  administra- 
tion will  keep  campus  safety 
as  its  top  priority.  As  presi- 
dent of  North  Carolina 
Independent  Colleges  and 
Universities,  the  organiza- 
tion of  the  thirty-six  private 
colleges  and  universities  in 
the  state,  I  have  viewed 
President  Brodhead's  actions 
in  the  broader  context  of  all 
higher  education.  Based  on 
each  of  these  perspectives,  I 
strongly  believe  that  Presi- 


dent Brodhead  made  the 
right  decisions  in  accor- 
dance with  the  policies  of 
the  university  and  based  on 
the  evolving  legal  situation. 
In  this  instance  it  is  the 
local  justice  system  through 
District  Attorney  Nifong 
that  failed  the  students,  the 
accuser,  the  Duke  commu- 
nity, and  the  state. 

A.  Hope  Williams  76 
Raleigh,  North  Carolina 

Recently,  President  Brod- 
head has  endured  some 
strong  criticism  in  the  pages 
of  this  publication  for  his 
reaction  to  the  charges  in- 
volving Duke  lacrosse  players 
last  spring.  By  contrast,  we 
have  been  quite  supportive 
of  the  administration's 
response.  On  purely  legalis- 
tic grounds,  administrators 
are  not  bound  by  the  same 
strict  interpretation  of  the 
presumption  of  innocence 
that  is  supposed  to  guide 
judicial  officers.  It  is  quite 
common,  for  instance,  for 
teachers  or  police  officers  to 
be  suspended  pending  re- 
sults of  an  investigation  in- 
to criminal  charges. 

It  is  also  worth  recognizing 
some  strong  evidence  of  out- 
standing character  develop- 
ment being  instilled  through 
Duke's  athletic  programs. 
We  were  inspired  to  learn 
that  three  of  the  top  four 
candidates  for  the  National 
Basketball  Association's 
sportsmanship  award,  the  Joe 
Dumars  Trophy,  this  year 
were  former  Duke  players. 
In  addition  to  winner  Luol 
Deng  ['07],  we  should  cele- 
brate the  achievements  of 
Shane  Battier  ['01],  the  sec- 
ond-place vote-getter,  and 


Elton  Brand  ['99],  who 
placed  fourth.  Brand,  by  the 
way,  was  triumphant  in  the 
voting  last  year. 

Students  and  alumni  who 
have  been  subjected  to  crit- 
ical media  attention  should 
now  be  able  to  glory  in  the 
opportunity  to  recognize 
the  other  side  of  the  Duke 
sports  programs. 

We  salute  them. 

] .  Marshall  Mangan  '69 

jenny  L.  Newton  '70 

London,  Ontario 

Having  just  read  letters  to 
the  editor  from  fellow  alumni 
George  St.  George  Biddle 
Duke  and  John  F.  Reiger,  I 
am  compelled  to  add  my 
voice  to  theirs  regarding  the 
profound  disappointment  I 
have  felt  over  the  adminis- 
tration's handling  of  the  la- 
crosse players.  I  have  always 
been  proud  to  be  an  alum- 
nus. Duke  boasts  that  it  is 
educating  the  future  leaders 
of  America.  One  of  the 
characteristics  of  a  great 
leader  is  to  uphold  princi- 
ples that  are  just  and  right 
(e.g.,  innocent  until  proven 
guilty),  even  if  to  do  so  flies 
in  the  face  of  public  opinion. 
I  cannot  make  President 
Brodhead  apologize  (another 
characteristic  of  great  lead- 
ers: admitting  when  you  were 
wrong),  however  I  can  stop 
my  financial  support  for  this 
shameful  administration. 
Ironically,  the  same  day  I 
received  my  Duke  Magazine, 
I  also  received  a  request 
from  the  Duke  Alumni  As- 
sociation to  renew  my  fi- 
nancial pledge;  it  promptly 
went  in  the  trash. 

Michael  A.  Robinson  '89 
Belmont,  North  Carolina 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


The  two  letters  in  the  March- 
April  2007  Duke  Magazine 
wondered  about  President 
Brodhead's  expelling  the 
falsely  accused  lacrosse 
players.  As  a  Duke  grad  and 
UCLA  faculty  member,  I 
am  more  troubled  by  the 
large  number  of  Duke  facul- 
ty who  immediately  tried 
and  convicted  the  three 
players  on  the  basis  of  flawed 
evidence.  As  a  scientist,  I 
would  not  accept  a  hypoth- 
esis serious  enough  to  dam- 
age the  lives  of  three  stu- 
dents without  a  number  of 
unsuccessful  attempts  to 
falsify  it.  (I'm  sorry  for  the 
double  negative,  but  that's 
how  science  works.) 

For  me,  it  is  not  enough 
that  President  Brodhead 
readmit  the  students  and 
Durham  DA.  Nifong  apol- 
ogize. The  Duke  faculty 
members  who  precipitously 
and  summarily  condemned 
the  players  need  to  apolo- 
gize to  the  players,  too,  and 
admit  not  only  that  they 
violated  society's  presump- 
tion of  innocence  but  that 
they  were  intellectually 
sloppy  in  making  a  bad 
judgment  on  the  basis  of 
bad  evidence.  As  a  scholar 
myself,  I  hope  that  they 
hold  their  scholarship  to  a 
higher  standard. 

Henry  Hespenheide  '64 
Los  Angeles,  California 


In  the  sanctimonious  drivel 
emanating  from  the  lacrosse 
players  and  their  families,  I've 
not  heard  a  word  about  the 
root  of  their  problem,  i.e., 
the  players'  stupidly  imma- 
ture choice  of  entertainment. 

They  weren't  looking  for 
costumed  ballerinas  dancing 
Swan  Lake.  They  were  look- 
ing for  trouble,  and  found 
it,  albeit  in  unanticipated 
form  and  severity.  Now  it  is 
everyone's  fault  but  theirs. 

I  suspect  the  only  ones 
who  will  take  a  hard  lesson 
from  this  dismal  affair  are  the 
Long  Island  daddies  saddled 
with  sizable  legal  fees  by 
their  voyeuristic  sons. 

The  reactions  of  Duke's 
wimpy  leadership  and  left- 
wing  faculty — good  riddance, 
Stanley  Fish! — have  earned 
it  undisputed  possession  of 
the  title  Berkeley  East. 

BemardM.  Kostehik  LL.B.  '57 
Lewes,  Delaware 


Athletic  Equity 

in  Context 

"Title  IX  at  XXXV"  [March- 
April  2007]  reminded  me  of 
the  great  advances  women's 
sports  have  had  in  this  coun- 
try and  at  Duke.  The  article 
emphasized  the  advances  for 
elite  athletes;  I  suggest  Title 
IX  helped  with  advances  for 
all  women  students  at  Duke. 


When  I  was  a  freshman 
at  Duke  in  1966, 1  [needed] 
a  year  of  physical-education 
credits  [to  meet]  my  aca- 
demic requirements.  That 
was  fine  with  me,  as  I  had 
been  involved  in  sports  all 
my  life. 

So,  you  can  imagine  how 
surprised  I  was  when  I  got  a 
phone  call  from  the  regis- 
trar at  Duke  telling  me  my 
registration  for  scuba  class 
was  rejected  because  the 
class  was  "only  offered  for 
men."  I  believe  the  options 
that  were  open  to  me  were 
golf,  bowling,  or  archery.  I 
enjoyed  more  active  sports 
than  that,  so  instead,  I  went 
to  N.C.  State  in  Raleigh  for 
scuba  class  once  a  week, 
and  I  transferred  those 
physical-education  credits 
back  to  Duke. 

When  I  visited  Duke  re- 
cently, I  was  most  impressed 
by  the  expansive  offerings 
for  women  in  physical-edu- 
cation classes  as  well  as  the 
opportunities  in  competitive 
sports.  Today,  there  is  no 
need  for  women  students  to 
seek  athletic  classes  else- 
where. It's  not  just  the  elite 
athletes  who  gained  by  Title 
IX  and  Duke's  expansion  of 
women's  sports,  but  all  the 
Duke  University  women. 

Suzanne  HaU]ohnson 

B.S.N.  '69 

Lakewood,  Colorado 

After  retiring  to  Durham 
in  1991, 1  was  hired  by  the 
Black  Coaches  Association 
to  write  some  articles  on 
information  gleaned  from 
the  NCAA's  Graduation 
Rate  Report,  which,  in 
books  published  between 


1991-99,  offered  interesting 
perspectives  into  Division  I 
athletics.  As  a  result  of  this 
research,  I  wrote  several 
columns  for  NCAA  News, 
including  one  about  Title 
IX,  which  drew  a  substan- 
tial number  of  letters  of  com- 
plaint from  Title  IX  backers. 
I  am  a  great  fan  of  wom- 
en's sports  at  Duke,  and 
have  no  problems  with 

Rarely  in  any  discussion  of  Title  IX  in 
particular  or  Division  I  sports  in  general 
is  it  pointed  out  that  women  have  more 
scholarships  available  in  every  sport 
in  which  men  have  a  comparable  sport. 

Title  IX,  although  I  agree 
with  the  premise  that  by 
counting  football,  it  made 
things  very  difficult  for 
other  men's  sports  because 
of  the  size  of  the  squads, 
and  the  fact  there  was  no 
comparable  woman's  sport. 

In  the  early  '90s,  I  wrote 
that  Title  IX  and  diversity 
were  on  a  direct  collision 
course.  I  am  convinced  that 
has  been,  and  will  continue 
to  be,  the  absolute  truth. 

Rarely  in  any  discussion 
of  Title  IX  in  particular  or 
Division  I  sports  in  general 
is  it  pointed  out  that 
women  have  more  scholar- 
ships available  in  every 
sport  in  which  men  have  a 
comparable  sport.  But  the 
real  problem  came  with  the 
reduction  in  football  from 
ninety-five  to  eighty-five 
grants  and  in  men's  basket- 
ball from  fifteen  to  thir- 
teen. Women's  basketball 
retains  fifteen  scholarships. 

The  reductions  cut  heav- 


July-August  2007 


ily  into  the  number  of  male 
minority  athletes  because 
football  and  basketball  were 
where  they  had  the  highest 
percentage  of  blacks.  What's 
more,  when  "eight  emerg- 
ing sports  for  women"  were 
added  in  the  early  '90s,  I 
wrote  in  NCAA  News  that 
the  vast  majority  of  those 
scholarships  would  go  to 
white  women. 

Three  years  later,  some 
2,300-plus  grants  had  been 
added,  with  92  percent  going 
to  whites  and  two  percent 
to  blacks.  Most  of  the  others 
went  to  white  Europeans. 
There  was  nothing  sinister 
about  this.  Simply  put,  almost 
all  schools  already  had 
women's  basketball  and  track 
and  field,  where  there  were 
the  largest  percentage  of 
minorities.  In  the  new  sports, 
plus  others  such  as  field 
hockey,  golf,  tennis,  lacrosse, 
and  softball,  there  are  rela- 
tively few  black  athletes. 

Thus  when  NCAA  exec- 
utive director  Cedrick  Demp- 
sey  bemoaned  the  decrease 
in  the  overall  percentage  of 
black  scholarship  athletes, 
I  wrote  that  he  was  being 
disingenuous,  that  it  was  a 
reflection  of  the  changes 
brought  about  by  Title  IX. 

Bill  Brill  '52 
Durham,  North  Carolina 

I  am  pleased  to  see  that 
Title  IX  at  Duke  is  the  cover 
story  of  the  March- April 
2007  issue.  As  a  founding 
member  of  the  Association 
of  Duke  Women  and  co- 
signer with  Mary  Brew  of 
the  1980  Title  IX  complaint 
filed  with  the  Department 
of  Education,  I  am  obligated 
to  point  out  that  housing 


issues  were  only  one  part  of 
the  complaint.  The  other 
two  areas  of  the  complaint 
were  athletics  and  under- 
representation  of  female 
faculty  members  in  tradi- 
tionally male-dominated 
fields,  especially  the  sciences 
and  engineering. 

Our  group,  the  Associa- 
tion for  Duke  Women,  was 
very  passionate  about  taking 
steps  to  correct  all  the  gen- 
der inequalities  that  we  ob- 
served and  that  were  brought 
to  our  attention.  We  were 
equally  concerned  with 
housing,  athletics,  and 
increasing  the  numbers  of 
female  faculty  members. 
Our  efforts  were  more  suc- 
cessful in  the  area  of  stu- 
dent-housing reform  than 
other  areas,  but  it  was  a  first 
and  necessary  step  toward 
greater  gender  equality  and 
fairness  at  Duke.  To  imply 
that  our  group  did  not  care 
about  female  athletes  at 
Duke  when  we  filed  the 
Title  IX  complaint  is  not 
fair.  We  did  care,  and  we 
did  request  the  Department 
of  Education  to  review  the 
athletics  area  in  the  Title 
IX  complaint  when  they 
investigated  our  claims  of 
gender  inequality  at  Duke. 

Both  men  and  women 
pay  the  same  tuition  to 
attend  Duke.  It  is  only 
fair  that  both  men  and 
women  have  the  same 
educational,  athletic,  and 
mentoring  opportunities 
while  attending  this  great 
institution. 

The  wheels  of  progress 
may  turn  slowly,  but  they  do 
turn,  and  the  course  of  his- 
tory in  moving  toward  the 
goal  of  equality  of  opportu- 


nity for  both  men  and  wom- 
en cannot  be  turned  back 
at  Duke  or  in  American 
society  at  large.  I  look  for- 
ward to  reading  about  more 
successes  for  Duke  women 
athletes  and  continued  ef- 
forts to  hire  more  female 
faculty  members  in  future 
issues  of  Duke  Magazine. 

Christine  Cupido  (formerly 

Christine  Kooyman)  '81 

Durham,  North  Carolina 

Out  of  the  Ivory  Tower 

Congratulations  to  the  mem- 
bers of  the  Duke  School  of 
Nursing  who  sent  books  to 
fellow  health  practitioners 
in  Iraq  ["Send  in  the  Books," 
Gazette,  March-April 
2007].  I  returned  recently 
from  Erbil,  Iraq,  and  can 
testify  that  your  gift  will  be 
well  used. 

While  working  to  inte- 
grate our  SIGN  IM  Nail 
System  into  the  Iraqi  health- 
care system,  I  witnessed 
injured  Iraqi  civilians  wan- 
dering around  the  country 
looking  for  help.  The  civil- 
ian hospitals  which  they 
have  access  to  do  not  have 
the  necessary  supplies  or 
equipment  to  treat  their 
injuries.  In  response  to  this 
crisis,  I  have  circulated  a 
plan  to  set  up  a  problem 
fracture  treatment  clinic  in 
Iraq.  Two  world-renowned 


surgeons,  Scott  Levin  [B.S. 
77]  and  John  Herzenberg 
[H.S.  '85],  have  volunteered 
to  help  in  any  way  they  can. 
Both  men  are  Duke  trained, 
and  Dr.  Levin  is  on  the  staff 
at  Duke.  Thanks  to  both 
students  and  alumni,  Duke 
is  reaching  out  to  our  hurt- 
ing world. 

More  information  about 
SIGN's  work  in  Iraq  is  avail- 
able at  www.sign-post.org. 
Lewis  G.Zirkk ]r.  M.D.  '68 
Richland,  Washington 

I  thank  Peter  Agre  for  his 
article  "Getting  Out  of  the 
Ivory  Tower"  [Under  the 
Gargoyle,  March-April 
2007].  He  urges  physicians 
and  scientists  to  engage 
society  and  thereby  con- 
tribute to  informed  public 
policy,  which  is  imperative. 

However,  I  respectfully 
suggest  that  regarding  em- 
bryonic stem  cells,  the  des- 
ignation of  human  life  is  an 
eminently  scientific  matter. 
Standard  embryology  and 
developmental  biology  text- 
books are  unanimous  in  this 
regard.  "Although  life  is  a 
continuous  process,  fertili- 
zation is  a  critical  landmark 
because,  under  ordinary  cir- 
cumstances, a  new,  geneti- 
cally distinct  human  organ- 
ism is  thereby  formed — 
The  embryo  now  exists  as  a 
genetic  unity. ..."  (O'Rahilly 
and  Muller,  Human  Embry- 


nukHMA(.;,\yiNi: 


ology  &  Teratology,  3rd  ed.). 

At  stake  is  not  whether 
an  embryo  is  human  life, 
but  whether  an  embryo  is  a 
human  person.  The  matter 
of  when  personhood  begins 
can  be  (and  must  be)  ad- 
dressed using  scientific  evi- 
dence, carefully  reviewed 
and  scrutinized  with  reason. 
For  example,  Robert  P. 
George  has  written  exten- 
sively using  such  an  ap- 
proach, significantly  con- 
tributing to  the  President's 
Council  on  Bioethics. 

I  implore  all  persons  to 
not  relegate  the  embryonic 
stem-cell  debate  merely  to 
religious  conviction.  Rather, 
in  this  secular  society  we 
must  appeal  to  scientific 
evidence  so  that,  with  our 
reason  informed,  we  might 
form  thoughtful  arguments 
for  the  moment  person- 
hood  begins. 

Joseph  EbleM.D.  '08 
Durham,  North  Carolina 

Kudos  to  all  persons  in- 
volved in  the  development 
of  DukeEngage  ["Engaging 
Students,"  March-April 
2007].  Its  concept  brings  to 
mind  a  line  that  has  stayed 
with  me  from  President 
Brodhead's  2006  baccalau- 
reate address,  in  which  he 
stated,  "But  when  I  speak  of 
assets  you  bring  to  the  table, 
I'm  also  thinking  of  quali- 
ties of  heart,  not  of  intellect 
alone."  DukeEngage  is  that 
powerful  combination  of 
intellect  and  heart,  and 
symbolizes  the  Duke  I  have 
known  and  loved  for  over 
thirty  years.  A  fitting  logo 
might  be  a  heart  within  the 
profile  of  a  person's  head. 
I  look  forward  to  reading 


about  the  many  successes  of 
the  program  in  the  years 
ahead. 

Linda  Zaleski  Winikoff'76 
Winston-Salem, 
North  Carolina 

Sustaining  the  Spirit 

I  saw  Hair  in  L.A.  in  1968 
with  my  then-husband, 
also  Duke  '67,  who  was  in 
his  Marine  Corps  uniform 
and  on  his  way  to  Vietnam 
[Observer,  March- April 
2007].  The  performers  did 
not  pass  joints  to  the  audi- 
ence. Flower-power  ruled, 
and  the  actors  gave  Skip  a 
daisy,  not  a  doobie. 

Those  of  us  who  survived 
the  '60s  era  are  now  living 
our  sixties  age — with 
another  terrible  futile  war 
stealing  the  lives  of  young 
Americans  and  innocent 
indigenous  personnel. 

Peace,  freedom,  happiness! 

Geline  Covey  '67 
El  Cerrito,  California 

Thanks  to  Bonnie  Stone  for 
the  illuminating  article  on 
Anne  Scott  ["Great  Scott," 
March- April  2007].  She  was 
the  highlight  of  my  Duke 
experience,  the  one  teacher 
my  friends  and  I  still  marvel 
at  over  fifteen  years  later. 

Valerie  Brown  '91 
San  Diego,  California 

I  am  offended  by  the  title 
of  the  mini-profile  in  the 
March-April  issue,  "Jimmy 
Creech  M.Div.  '70,  working 
to  eliminate  bigotry."  A  few 
lines  into  the  story,  it  be- 
comes clear  that  the  alleged 
bigotry  in  question  is  oppo- 
sition within  the  Methodist 
church  to  so-called  unions 


between  men.  From  what 
is  written  in  the  rest  of  the 
story,  it  seems  clear  that  he 
and  the  author  would  apply 
the  opprobrium  of  bigotry 
to  anyone  who  shares  this 
opposition. 

Opposition  to  homosexu- 
al behavior  is  neither  big- 
otry nor  hatred,  but  rather, 
is  entirely  consistent  with 
our  Judeo-Christian  obliga- 
tions to  care  for  others.  To 
understand  the  difference, 
you  might  consult  the  Let- 
ter to  the  Bishops  of  the 
Catholic  Church  of  1  Oc- 
tober 1986  from  Joseph 
Cardinal  Ratzinger  and 
Alberto  Bovone,  Prefect 
and  Secretary,  respectively, 
of  the  Congregation  for  the 
Doctrine  of  the  Faith: 
"Special  concern  and  pas- 
toral attention  should  be 
directed  toward  those  who 
have  this  condition,  lest 
they  be  led  to  believe  that 
the  living  out  of  this  orien- 
tation in  homosexual  activ- 
ity is  a  morally  acceptable 
option.  It  is  not."  If  you 
have  some  question  about 
the  authority  of  the  posi- 
tion, you  might  observe 
that  the  primary  author  of 
the  letter  recently  received 
a  significant  promotion. 

I  mean  Mr.  Creech  and 
Mr.  Schaefer  no  ill  will,  but 
their  name-calling  is  unac- 
ceptable. As  a  Catholic 
alumnus  of  a  Methodist 
university,  I  don't  expect 
the  alumni  magazine  to  toe 
the  same  line  that  I  do,  but 
I  do  expect  better  treatment 
than  this.  I  don't  much  care 
for  being  called  a  bigot,  and 
I  expect  an  apology. 

James  Hasik  '89 
Austin,  Texas 


I  read  with  great  interest  in 
the  March- April  Duke 
Magazine  ["Organ  Rehab"] 
that  the  beautiful  Aeolian 
Organ  in  Duke  Chapel  will 
be  repaired  and  restored 
over  the  next  year  and  a 
half.  Also  mentioned  was 
the  fact  that  there  are  four 
organs  in  the  chapel.  Why 
would  bringing  in  a  small 
electronic  organ  even  be 
considered?  Why  not  use 
the  existing  instruments? 
If  I  were  a  first-time  visitor 
to  the  chapel,  I  would  be 

I  implore  all  persons  to  not  relegate 
the  embryonic  stem-cell  debate  merely 
to  religious  conviction. 

highly  disappointed  to  hear 
only  a  small  electronic  in  so 
grand  a  setting! 

Ruth  K.  Bigler  Peterson 

B.S.N.  '62 

Flint,  Michigan 

John  Santoianni,  the  Ethel 
Sieck  Carrabina  Curator  of 
organs  and  harpsichords  at 
Duke  Chapel,  responds:  On 
any  given  Sunday,  you  will 
hear  at  least  two  organs  in 
Duke  Chapel  and  sometimes 
three  or  four. 

The  electronic  organ  gets 
its  greatest  use  as  a  rehearsal 
instrument  during  the  week 
when  school  is  in  session  and 
is  used  to  accompany  choirs 
and  solo  singers  during  Sun- 
day services . 

Because  of  their  size  or 
their  distance  from  the 
front,  none  of  the  three  re- 
maining pipe  organs  would 
adequately  meet  the  needs  of 
the  many  choirs  that  sing  in 
the  chancel. 


July-August  2007 


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Commencement  2007:  Reflections  and  Recognitions 

ever  underestimate  the  impact  that  you  can  have  on  others  "to  literally  make  the  world  a 
better  place/'General  Motors  Chair  and  CEO  Richard  Wagoner  told  graduates  and  guests  at 
Duke's  155th  commencement  ceremonies  on  May  13. 

"In  my  experience,  the  really  successful  people  are  those  who  establish  clear  priorities  in 
their  lives,  who  understand  that  they  can  excel  at  only  a  handful  of  things  at  any  one  time  and  then 
go  after  that  chosen  handful  of  priorities  with  single-minded  passion  and  enthusiasm." 

Duke  awarded  more  than  4,000  undergraduate,  graduate,  and  professional  degrees  at  the 
ceremony  in  Wallace  Wade  Stadium.  Honorary  degrees  were  given  to  University  of  Virginia  computer 
scientist  and  entrepreneur  Anita  Jones,  South  African  church  leader  and  Duke  Divinity  professor 
emeritus  Peter  Storey,  Tony  award-winning  dancer  and  choreographer  Twyla  Tharp,  and  Florence 
Wald,  founder  of  the  American  hospice  movement. 

President  Richard  H.  Brodhead  introduced  Wagoner  75,  a  Duke  parent  and  current  member  of  the 
university's  board  of  trustees,  as  someone  who  is  respected  worldwide  for  his  personal  character,  as 
well  as  for  his  business  and  philanthropic  activities,  including  extensive  service  to  his  alma  mater. 

Reflecting  on  what  he  was  thinking  when  he  graduated  thirty-two  years  ago,  Wagoner  urged 
students  not  to  over-plan  their  lives.  "My  advice  is  to  be  flexible,  be  open  to  everything  the  world  has 
to  offer,  be  global.  You'll  be  amazed  at  what  you  can  learn,  and  how  you  can  contribute." 

Student  speaker  David  Schmidt  '07  wove  together  a  diverse  array  of  his  experiences  at  Duke 
that  ranged  from  being  a  member  of  a  student  comedy  troupe  to  volunteering  in  the  community  to 
serving  as  the  Blue  Devil  mascot. 

"Duke  is  the  sum  of  its  parts,"  he  said,  "and  we  have  all  played  different  roles  as  ambassadors  of 
our  university.  Whether  it  is  on  the  floor  in  Cameron  or  at  Carter  Elementary,  volunteering  in  Durham 
or  inTanzania,  Duke  is  what  it  is  because  of  all  of  us." 


Out  into  the  world:  Members  of  the  Class  of  2007  celebrated  individual  and  collective 
accomplishments  before  embarking  on  the  next  chapter  of  their  lives 


July-August  2007  13 


Oazette 

ACROSS   THE   CAMPUS 


Legends  on  the  Links 

For  the  third  consecutive  year,  the 
Duke  women's  golf  team  won  first 
place  in  the  NCAA  National  Cham- 
pionship tournament  in  late  May.  The 
last  time  a  team  scored  a  "three-peat"  was 
Arizona  State  University's  run  in  1992-95. 
With  this  year's  win,  coach  Dan  Brooks  earns 
his  fifth  NCAA  championship  title,  more 
than  any  other  coach  at  Duke.  (His  squad 
also  won  the  1999  and  2002  tournaments.) 
Competing  at  the  6,351-yard,  par-72 
LPGA  International  Legends  Course  in  Day- 
tona  Beach,  Florida,  the  Blue  Devils  shot  a 
two-over  par  290  to  finish  the  tournament 
with  an  18-over  score  of  1,170,  fifteen  strokes 
better  than  second  place  Purdue. 

Golfweek  named  Amanda  Blumenherst  '09 
National  Player  of  the  Year,  and  Brooks  Na- 
tional Coach  of  the  Year.  Five  Blue  Devils 
earned  either  All-America  or  Honorable 
Mention  All-America  accolades,  including 
first-team  members  Blumenherst  and  Jennie 
Lee  '09;  third-team  member  Anna  Grzebien 
'07;  and  honorable-mention  recipients  Ali- 


son Whitaker  '10  and  Jennifer  Pandolfi  '08. 
Prospects  look  good  for  Duke  to  make 
history  with  a  fourth  consecutive  champi- 
onship title  next  year.  Grzebien  is  the  only 
team  member  who  graduated.  The  rest  of 
the  national  championship  squad  will  re- 
turn in  the  fall,  along  with  entering  fresh- 
man Kim  Donovan,  Yu  Young  Lee  '10,  and 
Rebecca  Kim '10. 


Duke  finished  its  season  with  a  17-3  re- 
cord. Captain  Matt  Danowski  '07  was  named 
the  recipient  of  the  2007  Tewaaraton  Tro- 
phy, an  honor  presented  annually  to  the  top 
men's  lacrosse  player  in  the  nation. 

Two  days  after  the  championship  game, 
the  NCAA  granted  Duke's  request  for  an 
extra  year  of  eligibility  for  its  men's  lacrosse 
players.  Most  of  last  season  was  canceled  af- 
ter a  woman  accused  some  members  of  the 
team  of  rape.  (All  charges  against  the  players 
were  subsequently  dropped.)  The  decision 
affects  the  thirty-three  players  who  were 
not  seniors  during  the  2006  season,  grant- 
ing them  a  fifth  year  of  eligibility  to  play  at 
Duke  or  another  school. 

"These  individuals  were  involved  in  an  un- 
usual circumstance  that  we  believe  warrants 
providing  them  the  opportunity  to  com- 
plete their  four  years  of  competition,"  said 
Jennifer  Strawley,  NCAA  director  of  stu- 
dent-athlete reinstatement  and  member- 
ship services. 

The  women's  lacrosse  team  didn't  ad- 
vance quite  as  far  as  the  men's.  The  Devils 
finished  the  2007  season  with  a  16-4  record. 
They  finished  sixth  in  the  final  standings 
and  were  awarded  the  No.  2  seed  in  the 
NCAA  tournament,  where  they  advanced 


www.goduke.com 


Lax  Wrap-up 


Despite  a  second-half  comeback  to 
tie  the  game,  the  top-seeded  Duke 
men's  lacrosse  team  lost  12-11  to 
Johns  Hopkins  in  the  finals  of  the 
NCAA  tournament  in  May.  The  nail-biter 
finish  evoked  memories  of  the  2005  cham- 
pionship game,  when  Johns  Hopkins  defeat- 
ed the  Devils  by  scoring  a  last-second  goal  to 
win  9  to  8.  It  marked  the  ninth  time  the 
Blue  Jays  have  won  the  tournament.  A  rec- 
ord 48,443  people  attended  the  final  game, 
held  at  Baltimore's  M&T  Bank  Stadium. 


So  close:  senior  Danowski  as  final  game  ends 


14 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


to  the  Final  Four  for  the  third  consecutive 
year  but  lost  to  Virginia  14-13  in  the  semifi- 
nal round.  The  team  will  return  seven  of 
twelve  starters  in  2008. 

Three  Duke  women's  lacrosse  players  were 
named  to  Inside  Lacrosses  All- America  teams: 
Caroline  Cryer  '08  was  selected  to  the  first 
team;  Kristen  Waagbo  '07  was  named  to  the 
second  team;  and  Leigh  Jester  '07  took  home 
third-team  honors. 


Settlements  With 
Lax  Coach,  Players 


In  June,  Duke  announced  that  it  had 
reached  a  settlement  with  former  la- 
crosse team  members  David  Evans  '06, 
Collin  Finnerty,  and  Reade  Seligmann, 
who  were  declared  innocent  of  all  legal 
charges  in  April. 


The  specific  terms  of  the  settlement  were 
not  disclosed.  It  extends  to  all  matters  to 
date  involving  Duke  and  its  staff  and  faculty 
members  and  includes  no  admission  of 
wrongdoing. 

In  a  statement,  the  board  of  trustees  said 
it  had  "determined  that  it  is  in  the  best 
interests  of  the  Duke  community  to  elimi- 
nate the  possibility  of  future  litigation  and 
move  forward."  The  three  former  team 
members,  in  their  own  statement,  praised 
Duke's  balance  of  athletics  and  academics 
and  said  they  were  initially  drawn  to  the 
university  for  its  sense  of  community.  "We 
were  the  victims  of  a  rogue  prosecutor  con- 
cerned only  with  winning  an  election,  and 
others  determined  to  railroad  three  Duke 
lacrosse  players  and  to  diminish  the  reputa- 
tion of  Duke  University,"  they  said. 

Both  parties  have  promised  to  work  to 
ensure  that  "similar  injustices"  are  prevent- 
ed in  the  future.  The  prosecutor  in  the  case, 
Michael  B.  Nifong,  has  since  been  disbarred 
and  has  resigned  his  post  as  Durham  Coun- 
ty district  attorney. 

Separate  settlements,  with  former  men's 
lacrosse  coach  Mike  Pressler  and  former 
lacrosse  player  Kyle  Dowd,  who  alleged  that 
a  bad  grade  he  received  was  related  to  his 
team  affiliation,  were  reached  earlier  this 
spring.  The  terms  of  these  settlements  were 
also  kept  private. 

Duke  on  iTunes 

Internet  users  around  the  world  can  now 
download,  for  free,  lectures,  music,  news 
segments,  and  other  materials  from 
Duke  via  the  "Duke  on  iTunes  U"  site. 
Examples  of  material  on  the  site  include 
an  address  by  former  U.N.  Ambassador  An- 
drew Young  on  Martin  Luther  King  Jr.'s 
legacy,  reflections  on  leadership  by  Duke 
men's  basketball  coach  Mike  Krzyzewski, 
short  news  videos  on  the  latest  scientific 
findings  at  Duke,  and  jazz-classical  music  by 
student  band  The  Pulsar  Triyo. 

"Conversations  and  creative  work  are  an 
important  part  of  the  vibrant  intellectual  lite 
here  on  campus,  and  that's  what  you're  see- 
ing on  this  site,"  says  Provost  Peter  Lange. 


July-August  2007  15 


Gazette 


ACROSS   THE   CAMPUS 


A  Flourishing  Home  for  Science 

hen  construction  began  on  the  French 
Family  Science  Center  two-and-a-half 
years  ago,  one  of  the  first  things  the 
biology  department  had  to  do  was  find 
a  place  to  put  the  plants  that  its  faculty  members 
and  students  use  in  research. The  old  greenhouses 
were  located  immediately  behind  the  Biological 
Sciences  building,  in  the  space  that  had  been  ear- 
marked for  the  construction.  New  greenhouses  were 
quickly  constructed  a  hundred  yards  or  so  behind  the 
old  ones,  and  the  plants  ferried  between  the  two. 
This  summer,  the  new  greenhouses  are  bursting 
with  life,  as  is  the  space  between.  The  $115  million, 
275,000-square-foot  center,  which  now  houses  the 
chemistry  department-since  moved  out  of  Gross 
Chemistry-as  well  as  parts  of  the  biology  and 
physics  departments,  has  been  tucked,  if  so  large  a 
building  can  be  "tucked,"  behind  and  between  the 
Biological  Sciences  and  Physics  buildings. The  build- 
ing opened  in  December,  though  some  of  its  space 
is  still  being  finished. 


From  Science  Drive,  a  series  of  terraces  drop  down 
toward  the  building,  giving  the  front  lawn  the  appear- 
ance of  a  grassy  amphitheater.  On  either  side  rise  the 
red-brick  walls  of  Physics  and  Biological  Sciences. 

Inside,  the  five-story  building's  most  impressive 
visual  feature  is  an  atrium  that  runs  the  length  of  the 
building,  north  to  south.  On  either  side  are  research 
labs  and  faculty  offices.The  research  labs  have  been 
"built  for  maximum  flexibility,"  says  Randy  Smith, 
department  manager  for  biology,  "while  at  the  same 
time  meeting  the  needs  of  individual  researchers." 
Each  biology  laboratory  space  is  large  enough  to 
hold  two  or  three  research  teams.  The  idea  is  that 
there  is  always  room  for  individual  teams  to  grow  or 
shrink  with  shifts  in  funding.  Faculty  offices  are 
arranged  in  pods  of  four  or  five  offices.There  is  also  a 
lecture  hall  that  seats  175,  about  half  the  capacity  of 
Biological  Sciences'  largest  lecture  hall. 

The  lower  level  of  the  building  features  laborato- 
ries for  physics,  chemistry,  and  biology  students.As 
part  of  the  construction  project,  the  sub-basement  of 


Biological  Sciences  was  renovated,  replacing  old  labs 
that  Smith  describes  as  "dark,  damp,  unfit  for  teach- 
ing," with  state-of-the-art  upgrades. The  two  buildings 
are  actually  adjoined.  In  an  interior  stairwell  where 
the  new  attaches  to  the  old,  the  exterior  brick  from 
the  back  of  Biological  Sciences  has  been  left  exposed. 

The  new  building  was  constructed  with  Leadership 
in  Energy  and  Environmental  Design  (LEED)  certifi- 
cation in  mind.  LEED  promotes  sustainability  by 
recognizing  environmentally  responsible  site  devel- 
opment, water  savings,  energy  efficiency,  materials 
selection,  and  indoor  environmental  quality.  One 
interesting  feature  added  by  designers  is  a  pair  of 
"green  roofs,"  or  planted  beds  that  sit  on  top  of 
low-standing  sections  of  the  building,  providing 
effective,  and  energy-efficient,  insulation. 

Plants  have  sprouted  through  the  dirt,  but  Smith 
says  these-unlike  the  ones  in  the  greenhouses- 
are  not  part  of  any  research  project.  'They're  just  for 
decoration." 

www.map.duke.edu 


PUKE  MAGAZINE 


Gazette 


"Making  these  materials  public 
in  a  format  that's  convenient 
for  curious  but  busy  people  is  a 
way  for  Duke  to  put  the  knowl- 
edge generated  here  in  service  , 
to  a  wider  audience." 

Apple  collaborated  with  Duke 
and  fifteen  other  universities  on 
its  iTunes  U  site,  launched  in 
May  as  a  part  of  its  larger  iTunes 
store.  Duke  and  the  other  uni- 
versities are  providing  audio 
and  video  recordings  of  speeches,  perform-  you're 
ances,  research  updates,  student-produced  courses  you  can  take  and  talks  you  can  at- 
movies,  and  more.  tend.  This  site  lets  you  listen  to  lectures  and 

Visitors  to  the  Duke  site  use  Apple's  iTunes     keep  up  with  the  latest  research  findings 
software  to  find  material  either  by  browsing     long  after  you  graduate." 


and  video  files  downloaded 

from  the  site  can  be  played  on 

the  user's  computer  or  trans- 

.  ferred  to  an  iPod  or  other  com- 

|  patible  digital  player. 

1      Sterly  Wilder  '83,  executive 

^director  of  alumni  affairs  at 

i  Duke,  says  the  site  can  be  a 

§  helpful  resource  for  alumni  and 

|  others  who  want  to  continue 

|  learning  at  a  university  level 

®  after  leaving  college.  "When 

student,  there  are  only  so  many 


by  topic  or  searching  with  keywords.  Audio 


www.itunes.duke.edu 


UPDATE 


"A  Matter  of  Honor,"  Duke  Magazine,  May-June  2001 


In  2001,  Duke  Magazine  explored 
notions  of  academic  integrity  in 
an  article  that  highlighted  the 
results  of  a  2000  Center  for  Aca- 
demic Integrity  student  survey,  which 
found  that  a  significant  proportion  of 
students  engaged  in  behavior  that 
could,  under  many  definitions,  fall 
within  the  realm  of  cheating. 

"Probably  the  biggest  survey  sur- 
prise/'the  story  said,  "came  in  atti- 
tudes toward  cheating."  For  instance, 
only  24  percent  of  respondents  con- 
sidered unauthorized  collaboration  a 
serious  form  of  cheating.  Missy 


Walker  '03,  then  chair  of  the  student- 
run  Honor  Council,  attributed  those 
opinions,  in  part,  to  an  "ambiguity  in 
faculty  expectations,"  meaning  facul- 
ty members  were  not  specific 
enough  in  defining  the  boundaries  of 
acceptable  collaboration. 

Definitions  of  cheating  took  the 
spotlight  again  at  Duke  this  April, 
when  the  Fugua  School  of  Business 
announced  that  its  judicial  board 
had  convicted  thirty-four  first-year 
students  in  the  M.B.A.  program  of 
violating  the  school's  honor  code. 
Early  reports  suggested  that  unau- 


thorized collaboration  had  taken 
place  on  a  single  take-home  exami- 
nation, though  a  statement  by 
Douglas  T.  Breeden,  the  school's 
dean,  suggested  that  cheating 
may  also  have  occurred  on  other 
assignments. 

The  board  ruled  that  nine  of  the 
students  should  be  expelled;  fifteen 
suspended  for  a  year  and  given  a 
failing  grade  in  the  course;  nine 
given  a  failing  grade  in  the  course; 
and  one  a  failing  grade  on  the  exam 
only.  Twenty-four  students  filed 
appeals  with  the  school,  but  after  a 
two-week  review  of  the  cases,  the 
appeals  committee  upheld  the  origi- 
nal convictions  and  penalties. 

During  the  appeals  process, 
several  convicted  students  and 
their  lawyers  raised  concerns  that 
international  students  from  Asia 
were  overrepresented  among  those 
tried  for  cheating.  Breeden  respond- 
ed by  noting  that  the  students 
charged  "come  from  three  continents 
and  represent  both  foreign  and 
domestic  students." 


STATE   OF   THE   ARTS 


Jazz  Great  Celebrated 

On  the  occasion  of  what  would  have 
been  his  ninetieth  birthday,  jazz 
musician  and  North  Carolina  na- 
tive Thelonious  Monk  will  be  cele- 
brated at  Duke  this  fall  with  "Following 
Monk,"  a  six-week  series  of  concerts,  lec- 
tures, and  theater  and  dance  performances. 
Scheduled  participants  include  the  Kronos 
Quartet,  which  will  build  on  its  Monk  Suites 
album  with  the  world  premiere  of  a  newly 
commissioned  Monk-based  work;  contro- 
versial jazz  critic  Stanley  Crouch,  who  will 
dissect  Monk's  collaboration  with  arranger 
Hall  Overton;  and  BATTLEWORKS  Mod- 
ern Dance  Company,  which  will  present  a 
new  piece  choreographed  to  Monk's  music. 
"Following  Monk"  is  co-sponsored  by  Duke 


Performances  and  the  Center  for  Docu- 
mentary Studies  (CDS). 

Monk  was  born  in  1917  in  Rocky  Mount, 
North  Carolina,  about  an  hour's  drive  from 
Durham.  He  and  his  family  moved  to  New 
York  when  he  was  four  years  old.  His  musi- 
cal talents  were  apparent  from  an  early  age. 
Reportedly,  Monk  won  so  many  amateur  con- 
tests at  the  Apollo  Theater  as  a  teenager  that 
he  was  eventually  barred  from  entering. 


July-August  2007         17 


Uazette 

STATE   OF  THE   ARTS 


Dance  Festival 

I                                # 

Special  delivery: 

Marks  Thirty  Years 

Pilobolus  returns 

hirty  years  ago,  the  American  Dance 

^>k 

Festival  moved  to  North  Carolina  and  made 

^w2f 

Duke  its  home.  In  June,  the  annual  festi- 

* Wi      A  l 

val  returned  to  kick  off  yet  another  sum- 

mM w' 

mer  installment,  offering  dance  instruction  and 

more  than  sixty  performances. 

The  regulars — Pilobolus,  Paul  Taylor — were 

back,  but  there  was  also  a  certain  international  fla- 

£j^t 

vor  to  the  performances.  In  early  July,  ADF  held  an 

"Argentine  Festival"  to  highlight  the  deep  inroads 

^p 

modern  dance  has  made  into  that  country's  cul- 

^L             •**^r     ^A* 

ture.  The  festival-within-a-festival  showcased  five 

^^hn^  V[ 

works  from  some  of  Argentina's  most  heralded 

young  dance  artists.  A  second  miniseries  focused 

^^^ 

on  works  from  Russia. 

tit* 

The  2007  edition  also  featured,  among  other 

HH 

premieres,  a  first  peek  at  the  re-envisioned  update 

H^ 

of  Martha  Clarke's  1 984  dance  theater  masterwork, 

^s^ 

the  Hieronymus  Bosch-inspired  "Garden  of  Earthly 

i^^fc 

Delights." 

JPT 

^H 

Festival  director  Charles  L.  Reinhart  said  the 

,^w             ^k  ~ 

^^Rk 

thirtieth  anniversary  of  ADF's  relationship  with 

jw             IV 

Duke  was  a  big  event  and  also  promised  another 

spectacular  festival  for  2008,  ADF's  seventy-fifth 

jgf                 C* 

^3JL 

year  of  existence. 

"' 

J^wt\ 

www.americandancefestival.org 

-^ 

Considered  the  architect  of  bebop,  Monk 
collaborated  with  almost  every  big  name  in 
jazz  during  his  lifetime,  including  John  Cob 
trane,  Miles  Davis,  Dizzy  Gillespie,  Charlie 
Parker,  Bud  Powell,  Max  Roach,  and  Mary 
Lou  Williams,  who  was  an  artist-in-residence 
at  Duke  from  1977  until  her  death  in  1981. 

Aaron  Greenwald,  interim  director  of  Duke 
Performances  and  director  of  last  year's  suc- 
cessful, eclectic  "Festival  of  the  Book,"  says 
that  the  series  is  structured  to  appeal  to  a 
broad  range  of  audiences,  not  just  jazz  lovers. 

Among  other  highlights  are  a  perform- 
ance of  the  play  Misterioso,  which  is  based  on 
transcripts  from  the  CDS  Jazz  Loft  Project; 
a  re-creation  of  Monk's  legendary  1959  Town 
Hall  Orchestra  concert  by  the  Charles  Tolli- 
ver  Orchestra  with  pianist  Stanley  Cowell; 


and  a  re-creation  of  Monk's  1970  run  at  Ra- 
leigh's Frog  &  Nightgown,  purportedly  Monk's 
only  club  appearance  in  his  home  state. 

There  will  also  be  fresh  interpretations  of 
Monk's  influence,  such  as  the  double-bill 
concert  featuring  the  Omar  Sosa  Quartet 
and  Jerry  Gonzalez  and  the  Fort  Apache  All- 
Stars.  Events  take  place  from  September  1 5 
through  October  28. 

http://www.duke.edu/web/dukeperfs/ 

Sex  in  the  Stacks 


S 


ex  sells"  was  the  message  of  an  ex- 
hibit featured  throughout  the  spring 
in  Perkins  Library's  Rare  Book  Room. 
Startling?  Hardly.  But  the  exhibit  made 


18 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


the  case  that  sex  has  been  a  part  of  Ameri- 
can advertising  a  lot  longer  than  many  peo- 
ple think. 

Drawn  from  the  collections  of  the  library's 
Hartman  Center  for  Sales,  Advertising  & 
Marketing  History,  the  exhibit,  "A  Century 
of  Sex  Appeals,"  included  print  ads,  as  well 
as  speeches,  correspondence,  and  financial 
reports  that  document  behind-the-scenes  de- 
cisions to  use  sex  to  sell  a  wide  range  of  pro- 
ducts and  services.  Ads  for  fast  cars,  cigars, 
and  condoms  stood  alongside  those  for  ap- 
pliances, shaving  cream,  and  soap. 

A  letter  from  university  namesake  Wash- 
ington Duke  to  his  son  warns  against  using 
"lascivious  photographs"  of  women  to  sell 
cigarettes  in  1894,  but  some  in  the  advertis- 
ing business  disagreed  with  him.  A  1916 
Woodbury's  Soap  ad  uses  a  bare-shouldered 
woman  and  the  tagline  "A  Skin  You  Love 
to  Touch"  to  attract  customers,  and  a  1940 
ad  for  Halo  shampoo  encourages  consumers 
to  "learn  a  lesson  in  sex  appeal  from  this 
amazing  shampoo." 

Companies  have  played  off  contemporary 
cultural  phenomena  to  create  ads  with  extra 
punch  and  an  occasional  humorous  twist. 
A  1966  Ford  Mustang  ad  featuring  the  tag- 
line  "Six  and  the  Single  Girl"  echoes  the  title 
of  Helen  Gurley  Brown's  popular  1962  book, 
Sex  and  the  Single  Girl.  A  few  years  later,  the 
publication  of  Coffee,  Tea,  or  Me.7:  The  Unin- 
hibited Memoirs  of  Two  Airline  Stewardesses 


led  to  the  portrayal  of  flight  attendants  as     tion  in  a  1970  J.W  Thompson  Company  ad 


Learn  a  Lesson 
in  Sex  Appeal 

FROM    THIS   AMAZING  SHAMPOO1. 


sex  objects  in  advertisements  for  airlines, 
shown  in  the  exhibit  in  an  ad  from  Na- 
tional Airlines'  famous  "Fly  Me"  campaign. 
The  advertising  industry  self-consciously 
acknowledges  the  effectiveness  of  "slapping 
a  nude"  in  an  advertisement  to  get  atten- 


displayed  in  the  exhibit.  The  ad  features  a 
cartoon  of  a  man  in  a  board  room  asking, 
"Can't  we  get  Raquel  Welch  to  endorse  your 
blastfurnaces?" 

http://www.library.duke.edu/ 
specialcollections/hartman/ 


Selections  from  the  Nasher  Museum  of  Art 


,  ows  of  blurred  photographs 
J^^m  of  children's  faces — each 
'    illuminated  by  a  bent-arm 

!  VA  lamp,  electrical  cords  dan- 
gling—arranged on  the  wall  over 
neatly  piled  stacks  of  clothes  on  the 
floor:  Christian  Boltanski's  haunting 
yet  ambiguous  installation  raises 
many  questions  about  memory,  loss, 
and  the  relics  of  past  existence. 

Boltanski's  Monument  Canada  is 
one  of  a  series  of  works  the  artist 
produced  during  the  late  1980s  that 
generally,  but  not  always,  referred  to 


the  lives  lost  during  the  Holocaust. 
The  titles  of  other  works  in  the 
series  similarly  incorporate  the  word 
"monument,"  "altar,"  or  "archive,"  each 
characterized  by  the  solemnity  of  a 
memorial,  even  if  the  identities  of 
the  persons  remain  unspecified  and 
unknown  to  us,  blurred  so  as  to  be 
individually  unrecognizable. 

Boltanski's  work  is  complex — it  is 
conceptual,  exploring  the  role  of  the 
photograph  itself  as  a  relic  in  its  own 
right,  with,  as  one  writer  notes,  the 
"ghostly  play  of  absence  and  pres- 


Monument  Canada  (detail), 
1988,  by  Christian  Boltanski. 
Clothes,  black-and-white 
photographs,  and  lights; 
110x70x7  inches.  Gift  of 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  Samuel  J.  Heyman. 

ence."  Who  are  these  children?  What 
happened  to  their  lives?  We  do  not 
know.  The  artist  withholds  most  clues, 
having  re-photographed  these  por- 
traits from  yearbooks  and,  thus,  re- 
moved them  from  any  original  context. 
Boltanski's  works  elicit  emotional 
responses,  and  yet  ambiguity  pre- 
vails, even  frustrates,  as  if  an  analogy 
to  the  fading  of  history  and  memory. 

www.nasher.duke.edu 


July-August  2007 


Gazette 


STATE   OF  THE   ARTS 


STUDENT  SNAPSHOT 

Seth  Sheldon,  providing  comic  relief 


Life  is  about  finding  your 
niche.  As  a  freshman,  Seth 
Sheldon  wanted  to  get  in- 
volved with  The  Chronicle,  but, 
he  says,  "I  wanted  space  without  any 
real  responsibility."  He  considered  ap- 
plying to  write  a  humor  column,  but 
coming  up  with  so  many  campus- 
based  jokes  on  a  weekly  basis  seemed 
tedious,  and,  well,  overly  wordy. 

But  Sheldon  soon  found  his  niche. 
Over  winter  break  of  that  year,  he 
created  the  first  ten  "pilot"  strips  of 
what  would  become  "Stick  lt,"a 
comic  strip  published  three  times  a 
week  during  the  school  year. 

"Stick  It" features,  as  its  main 
characters,  faceless  stick  figures,  a 
choice  that  Sheldon,  now  a  senior, 
says  was  deliberate  rather  than  a 
reflection  of  the  limits  of  his  artistic 
ability.  "A  person  reading  a  comic  is 
more  or  less  uninterested  in  how  the 
character  looks." Comics  like  Doones- 
bury,  he  says,  sometimes  get  bogged 
down  in  the  visual  details— not  to 
mention  the  dialogue.  Sheldon 
focuses  instead  on  conveying  mean- 
ing through  movement  and  position- 
ing. "I'm  learning  more  about  body 
language  than  I  thought  I  would 
with  stick  figures." 

Some  of  his  strips  will  poke  fun  at 
things  he  sees  around  campus — big 
sunglasses,  funny  signs.  In  one  he 
made  fun  of  a  sign  in  Perkins  Library 
that  read:  "No  hot  or  odorous  foods" 
by  having  one  of  his  characters  tell  a 
walking  female  carrot  in  a  bathing 


a  HP 


suit  and  a  walking  onion  that  they 
have  to  leave. 

Many  of  his  ideas  originate  with 
conversations  he  has  with  friends. 
Sheldon  and  Ryan  McCartney,  an  edi- 
tor for  the  paper,  were  roommates 
their  sophomore  year.  The  paper's 
managing  editor"would  joke  that 
the  comic  was  a  portrayal  of  what 
our  life  was  like  in  the  dorm," 
McCartney  recalls. 

"It  turns  out  it's  only  loosely  based 
on  the  two  of  us,"Sheldon  says.  In 
fact,  he  says  that  the  two  main  char- 
acters— neither  of  whom  is  ever 
named — in  some  ways  represent 
two  sides  of  his  own  personality. 
"One  side  of  me  will  look  at  some- 
thing orthink  of  something  and  think 
it's  kind  of  funny,  and  the  other  side 
will  make  fun  of  it  because  it  is  so 
moronic,"  he  says.  "That  lends  itself 
well  to  having  two  characters." 

Just  because  he  was  looking  for 
something  without  too  much 
responsibility  doesn't  mean  he  hasn't 
worked  hard.  He's  never  missed  a 
deadline  in  his  memory,  even  last 
fall,  when  he  studied  abroad  in 


Venice.  The  strip's  main  characters 
toured  Europe,  appearing  twice  a 
week  and  taking  in  only  the  most 
stereotypical  tourist  offerings  the 
continent  has  to  offer. 

When  he's  not  drawing  or  reading 
comics,  Sheldon,  who  grew  up  in 
Orlando,  Florida,  is  busy  pursuing  a 
major  in  earth  and  ocean  sciences 
and  a  minorjn  medieval  and 
Renaissance  studies.  This  summer,  he 
has  an  internship  with  the  Fish  and 
Wildlife  Service  doing  arctic  bird 
habitat  rehabilitation  on  the  coast  of 
Maine.  But  upon  his  return,  he  plans 
to  head  back  to  the  drawing  board. 

The  longevity  of  "Stick  It" — five 
semesters  and  counting — is  unusual 


for  a  student  comic  strip.  McCartney, 
who  served  this  past  year  as  the 
paper's  editor  in  chief,  says  that  the 
last  long-running  strip  was  "Blazing 
Sea  Nuggets,"a  creation  of  David 
Logan  B.S.E.  '03  and  Eric  Bramley  '03. 
"'Blazing  Sea  Nuggets' had  such  a 
role  on  this  campus/'says  McCartney, 
who  entered  Duke  as  a  freshman  the 
fall  after  Logan  and  Bramley  gradu- 
ated. "People  still  talk  about  it.  My 
next-door-neighbor  has  one  of  the 
cartoons  up  on  his  door." 

While  Sheldon  doesn't  foresee  a 
career  in  comics,  that  type  of  campus 
acclaim  is  something  he  doesn't 
mind  shooting  for. 

— Jacob  Dagger 


Arts  Director 


S 


cott  Lindroth,  Kevin  D.  Gorter  Asso- 
ciate Professor  of  music  and  chair  of 
Duke's  music  department,  was  named 
the  university's  first  vice  provost  for 


the  arts.  As  vice  provost,  he  will  help  to  en- 
hance programming,  the  curriculum,  and  cross- 
disciplinary  collaboration  in  the  arts;  advise 
the  provost;  and  oversee  arts  facilities. 

Lindroth  graduated  from  the  Eastman 
School  of  Music  and  earned  a  master's  de- 


gree and  a  doctorate  from  the  Yale  School 
of  Music  before  coming  to  Duke  in  1990.  A 
composer,  he  recently  collaborated  with  Anya 
Belkina,  assistant  professor  of  the  practice 
of  visual  arts,  on  Awaken,  a  piece  for  live 
musicians,  electronic  sound,  and  video. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Heavy  Toll  on  Workers'  Comp 

Gaining  too  much  weight  can  be  as 
bad  for  an  employer's  bottom  line  as 
it  is  for  a  person's  waistline.  A  Duke 
Medical  Center  analysis  found  that 
obese  workers  filed  twice  the  number  of 
workers'  compensation  claims,  had  medical 
costs  seven  times  higher  from  those  claims, 
and  had  thirteen  times  the  number  of  days 
absent  because  of  work  injury  or  work  ill- 
ness than  did  non-obese  workers. 

"We  all  know  obesity  is  bad  for  the  indi- 
vidual, but  it  isn't  solely  a  personal  medical 
problem — it  spills  over  into  the  workplace," 
says  Truls  Ostbye,  professor  of  community 
and  family  medicine. 

The  researchers  looked  at  the  records  of 
11,728  employees  of  Duke  who  received 
health-risk  appraisals  between  1997  and  2004 
and  examined  the  relationship  between  body 
mass  index  (BMI)  and  the  rate  of  workers' 
compensation  claims.  (Duke  collects  this 
information  anonymously  in  order  to  iden- 
tify areas  of  potential  occupational  risk  and 
to  develop  plans  to  reduce  that  risk.)  The 
analysis  covered  a  diverse  group  of  workers 
that  included  administrative  assistants, 
groundskeepers,  nurses,  and  professors. 

Workers  with  higher-risk  jobs  were  found 
to  be  more  likely  to  file  workers'  compensa- 
tion claims,  and  obese  workers  in  high-risk 
jobs  incurred  the  highest  costs.  "Given  the 
strong  link  between  obesity  and  workers' 
compensation  costs,"  Ostbye  says,  "main- 
taining healthy  weight  is  not  only  impor- 
tant to  workers  but  should  also  be  a  high 
priority  for  employers." 

The  results  of  the  study  were  published  in 
the  Archives  of  Internal  Medicine. 

http://archinte.ama-assn.org/ 
cgi/content/full/167/8/774 

Fighting  Cervical  Cancer 

The  winning  team  of  the  second  annual 
Duke-Engineering  World  Health 
CUREs  nonprofit  business  competi- 
tion has  developed  a  low-cost  device 
to  help  catch  cervical  cancer  early  in  wom- 
en of  developing  countries. 


Gazette 


RESEARCH   FRONTIERS 


In  the  summer  of  2003,  John 
Biewen,  an  instructor  at  Duke's 
Center  for  Documentary 
Studies  (CDS),  sent  two  stu- 
dents to  interview  a  longtime  tobac- 
co auctioneer. 

Unbeknownst  to  Biewen,  the  auc- 
tioneer had  recently  lost  his  job,  the 
latest  casualty  of  technological  ad- 
vances in  the  tobacco  industry.  The 
students  "thought  they  were  just 
doing  a  colorful  piece  about  someone 
who  talks  really  fast,"Biewen  says. 
"But  they  walked  into  this  situation 
where  his  life  was  changing.  It  was  a 
very  powerful  moment." 

That  moment  was  captured  on 
tape,  and  integrated  into  a  short 
audio  documentary  that  the  students 
created  as  part  of  BiewenV'Hearing 
Is  Believing  T'summer  course. 

The  intensive,  weeklong  course  is 
one  of  two  offered  each  summer  to 
continuing-studies  students  through 
CDS's  Audio  Institute.  The  institute 
thrives  on  the  sort  of  "I  can  do  it, 
too,"spirit  embodied  by  the  video 
website  YouTube,  Biewen  says.  Stu- 
dents come  from  across  the  country 
and  range  from  radio-documentary 
fans  who  dream  of  producing  their 
own  segment  for  This  American  Life 
to  elementary-school  teachers  hop- 
ing to  create  effective  teaching  tools. 
"Hearing  Is  Believing  I," the  more 
elementary  of  the  courses,  is  an 
intensive  primer  in  audio  documen- 
tary-making. Students  are  paired  up 
and  assigned  topics  related  to  a 
broad  theme.  The  first  day,  they  are 


SYLLABUS 


Hearing  Is  Believing  1:  An  Audio 
Documentary  Summer  Institute; 
Hearing  is  Believing  II:  Making  It  Sing 


sent  into  the  field  to  conduct  inter- 
views scheduled  in  advance  by  CDS 
staff.  They  learn  scripting,  choose 
clips,  and  become  accustomed  to 
editing  and  production  software  as 
they  put  together  a  four-minute  doc- 
umentary piece.  In  addition,  they 
hear  from  special  guests  who,  this 
year,  included  Joe  Richman,  founder 
of  the  New  York-based,  nonprofit 
production  house  Radio  Diaries. 

The  second  course,  subtitled 
"Making  It  Sing,"  is  designed  for  stu- 
dents who  have  a  basic  knowledge  of 
documentary  form  and  editing  soft- 
ware. They  come  having  already 
recorded  interviews — Biewen's 
guideline  for  his  own  work  is  an  hour 
of  tape  for  each  minute  of  final  prod- 
uct— and  spend  the  week  editing 
and  producing  a  six- to  twelve- 
minute  piece,  relying  on  feedback 
from  peers  and  guest  editors. 

"There  is  always  a  lot  of  discussion 
about  what  their  role  is  in  the  piece," 
whether  they  will  be  a  character  in 
the  piece,  a  detached  narrator,  or 
totally  absent  from  the  final  record- 
ing, Biewen  says. 

The  institutes  often  take  on  the 
feel  of  an  adult  summer  camp.  "It's 
very  intense," says  Alison  Jones,  a 
freelance  journalist  who  has  taken 
both  institute  courses.  "You  are  mak- 
ing radio,  listening  to  radio,  or  talk- 
ing about  radio  nonstop  from  the 
time  you  get  up  until  the  time  you 
fall  into  bed  at  night.  But  that  is  part 
of  the  fun  of  it,  too." 

Each  course  ends  with  a  Saturday 
morning  listening  session,  where 
students  and  interviewees  hear  fin- 
ished products  forthe  first  time. 


Often,  participants  have  to  rush  the 
night  before  to  get  their  final  tapes 
in,  and  they,  along  with  editors,  are 
up  until  the  wee  hours  of  the  morn- 
ing. The  result,  says  Biewen,  is  "a  spe- 
cial sort  of  magical  experience." 


Biewen  has  worked  in  radio  for  more 
than  twenty  years.  He  began  his 
career  with  Minnesota  Public  Radio 
and  worked  a  one-year  stint  as  a 
Rocky  Mountain  regional  reporter 
with  National  Public  Radio  before 
joining  American  RadioWorks,  the 
documentary-production  arm  of 
American  Public  Media,  in  1998,  as 
a  producer.  In  2001,  he  came  to  CDS 
as  an  adviser,  while  continuing  to 
produce  hourlong  radio  documen- 
taries for  American  RadioWorks. 
He  joined  CDS  full  time  in  2006  as 
audio  program  director. 


For  "Hearing  Is  Believing  I  "none 

For"Making  It  Sing/'either  participa- 
tion in  "Hearing  Is  Believing  l"or 
proof  of  basic  skills  in  audio  docu- 
mentary; taped  interviews  must  be 
completed  before  the  first  class 


Selected  handouts 


For"Hearing  Is  Believing  I," record 
interviews  for,  script,  edit,  and  pro- 
duce one  four-minute  radio  piece 

For"Making  It  Sing,"  script,  edit,  and 
produce  a  six-  to  twelve-minute  piece 


-Jacob  Dagger 


July-August  2007         21 


RESEARCH   FRONTIERS 


BIBLIOFILE 


Selections  from  the  Rare  Book,  Manuscript,  and  Special  Collections  Library 


he  Rare  Book,  Manuscript, 
and  Special  Collections 
Library  has  recently  made  a 
significant  addition  to  its  col- 
lections related  to  early  missionary 
activities  by  acquiring  the  1 780-1 783 
edition  of  the  twenty-six-volume  set 
Lettres  edifiantes  et  wrieuses,  eaites 
des  missions  etrangeres,  which  details 
Jesuit  activities  around  the  globe, 
particularly  in  the  late-seventeenth 
and  eighteenth  centuries. 

The  scope  of  information  and 
activities  documented  in  this  work  is 
wide  ranging.  There  are  accounts  of 
tribal  leaders;  there  is  information  on 


the  flora  and  fauna  of  different 
regions;  physical  geography  is 
described,  often  with  foldout  maps; 
and  indigenous  peoples  and  their 
settlements  are  portrayed  through 
narratives  or  engraved  views. 
The  section  devoted  to  the 
Americas  is  particularly  interesting, 
as  it  contains  accounts  of  the  expedi- 
tion to  Hudson's  Bay,  in  1694-95, 
which  included  the  capture  of  Fort 
York,  accounts  of  Native  Americans  in 
the  Southeast,  and  early  travels  up 
the  Mississippi.  This  edition  is  noted 
for  its  inclusion  of  a  particularly  early 
map  of  California  and  New  Mexico 


"Our  ambition  is  to  save  the  lives  of  19,000 
women  in  the  next  five  years  by  helping 
them  get  access  to  cervical  cancer  screen- 
ings," says  team  leader  Theo Tarn  M.E.M.  '07. 

Cervical  cancer,  caused  almost  exclusive- 
ly by  infection  with  human  papillomavirus 
(HPV),  is  the  second-most  common  cause 
of  death  from  cancer  among  women  world- 
wide. The  disease  has  reached  epidemic  pro- 
portions in  some  Caribbean  countries,  where 


that  shows  the  locations  of  the  vari- 
ous Indian  tribes  and  that  helped  dis- 
pel the  erroneous  but  long-held 
belief  that  California  was  an  island. 

This  second  or"nouvelle" edition 
was  edited  by  I'Abbe  de  Querbeuf 
and  has  been  enlarged  and  corrected 
from  the  first  edition  compiled  by 
Fathers  Le  Gobien,  Du  Halde,  and 
Patouillet,  which  was  published  in 
installments  between  1702  and 
1 776.  This  edition  is  preferred  by 
many  not  only  because  of  its  addi- 
tional information  but  also  because 
the  organization  of  the  reports  has 
been  rearranged  in  a  way  that  is 
more  logical  and  easier  to  use. 

It  is  divided  into  sections  for  dif- 
ferent parts  of  the  globe:  Volumes 
1-6  describe  missionary  activities 
in  the  Middle  East,  6-9  describe 
activities  in  North  and  South 
America,  10-15  describe  activities 
in  India,  1 6-24  describe  activities  in 
China,  and  25-26  contain  a  supple- 
ment that  is  new  to  this  edition. 

This  set  adds  to  existing  and 
extensive  materials  in  the  Rare  Book, 
Manuscript,  and  Special  Collections 
Library  related  to  missionaries  and 
their  activities,  Western  interaction 
with  indigenous  cultures,  and  early 
accounts  of  travel  and  exploration. 

http://library.duke.edu/ 
specialcollections/ 


the  cervical  cancer  rates  are  at  least  three 
times  higher  than  in  North  America.  The 
disease  typically  remains  in  a  pre-cancerous 
state  for  ten  to  fifteen  years;  during  that 
period,  advanced  cervical  cancer  is  highly 
preventable,  Tarn  says. 

The  new  cerviScope  device,  created  "from 
scratch"  using  low-cost  materials,  is  port- 
able, durable,  and  battery-operated,  he  says. 
His  team  intends  to  market  the  device  for 


$600.  Instruments  currently  available  for 
cervical  screening  cost  more  than  $10,000. 
As  winners  of  the  competition,  the  team's 
company,  ImaGYN,  will  receive  $100,000 
in  startup  funds  from  the  Pratt  School  of 
Engineering,  including  business,  technical, 
and  legal  advice  and  support  for  clinical  tri- 
als. The  ImaGYN  team  includes  Tam,  Wynn 
Xiao  Wu  M.E.M.  '07,  Ram  Balasubramanian 
M.E.M.  '07,  and  master  of  engineering  stu- 
dents Adnan  Haider  and  Gauravjit  Singh. 

www.ewh.org/cured/ 

Take  Care  of  Yourself 

Why  do  some  people  roll  with  life's 
punches,  facing  failures  and  prob- 
lems with  grace,  while  others  dwell 
on  calamities,  criticize  themselves, 
and  exaggerate  problems? 

The  answer,  according  to  researchers  from 
Duke  and  Wake  Forest  universities,  may  be 
something  called  "self-compassion" — the 
ability  to  treat  oneself  kindly  when  things 
go  badly.  The  results  of  their  research,  one 
of  the  first  major  investigations  of  self-com- 
passion, appeared  in  the  journal  of  Person- 
ality and  Social  Psychology. 

"Life's  tough  enough  with  little  things  that 
happen.  Self-compassion  helps  to  eliminate 
a  lot  of  the  anger,  depression,  and  pain  we 
experience  when  things  go  badly  for  us,"  says 
Mark  R.  Leary,  a  professor  of  psychology  and 
neuroscience  at  Duke  and  lead  author  of 
the  paper. 

Many  cognitive-behavioral  approaches  fo- 
cus on  increasing  self-esteem,  Leary  says.  But, 
"If  people  learn  only  to  feel  better  about 
themselves  but  continue  to  beat  themselves 
up  when  they  fail  or  make  mistakes,  they 
will  be  unable  to  cope  non-defensively  with 
their  difficulties." 

The  researchers  conducted  five  studies 
to  investigate  the  cognitive  and  emotional 
processes  by  which  self-compassionate  peo- 
ple deal  with  unpleasant  life  events.  The 
experiments  involved  measuring  partici- 
pants' reactions  to  recalling  actual  negative 
experiences,  imagining  negative  scenarios,  | 
receiving  unflattering  feedback  from  anoth- 1= 
er  person,  comparing  their  evaluations  of  5 


22 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


uke's  Helicopter  Observation  Platform 
(HOP),  a  Bell  JetRanger  helicopter  outfitted 
with  atmospheric  sensors,  is  used  to  take 
comprehensive  atmospheric  measurements 
in  lower  altitudes  than  those  safely  measured  by 
airplanes.  This  spring  and  summer,  Roni  Avissar, 
a  professor  of  civil  and  environmental  engineering, 
has  piloted  HOP  on  two  missions. 

For  the  first,  a  study  of  air  turbulence,  he  criss- 
crossed a  California  walnut  orchard,  measuring  such 
variables  as  temperature,  carbon-dioxide  concentra- 
tion, and  wind  direction.  For  the  second,  he  flew  in 
unison  with  seven  airplanes  and  orbiting  satellites  to 
capture  a  detailed  view  of  the  atmospheric  layers 
over  Oklahoma  for  the  Department  of  Energy. 
The  information  will  help  scientists  improve 
weather  forecasting  and  better  under- 
stand global  climate  change. 


themselves  doing  a  task  and  someone  else 
doing  the  same  task,  and  measuring  reac- 
tions of  participants  who  were  prompted  to 
have  a  selt-compassionate  attitude. 

In  three  of  the  experiments,  researchers 
also  compared  reactions  of  people  with  dif- 
fering levels  of  self-compassion  with  people 
with  differing  levels  of  self-esteem.  The  find- 
ings suggest  that  fostering  a  sense  of  self- 
compassion  may  have  particularly  benefi- 
cial effects  for  people  with  low  self-esteem, 
the  researchers  say. 

www.duke.edu/-leary/lab.htm 

The  Merits  of  Flaxseed 

Flaxseed,  an  edible  seed  that  is  rich  in 
omega-3  fatty  acids  and  fiber-related 
compounds  known  as  lignans,  is  effec- 
tive in  halting  prostate  tumor  growth, 
according  to  a  study  led  by  Duke  Medical 


Center  researchers.  The  small,  dark  brown 
seed,  which  is  similar  to  a  sesame  seed  and  is 
available  in  grocery  stores,  may  be  able  to 
interrupt  the  chain  of  events  that  leads  cells 
to  divide  irregularly  and  become  cancerous. 

Previous  studies  showed  a  correlation  be- 
tween flaxseed  in  the  diet  and  slowed  tumor 
growth,  but  "the  participants  in  those  stud- 
ies had  taken  flaxseed  in  conjunction  with  a 
low-fat  diet,"  says  Wendy  Demark-Wahne- 
fried,  a  researcher  in  Duke's  School  of  Nur- 
sing and  lead  investigator  of  the  multi-site 
study.  "For  this  study,  we  demonstrated  that 
it  is  flaxseed  that  primarily  offers  the  pro- 
tective benefit." 

In  the  study,  the  researchers  examined  the 
effects  of  flaxseed  supplements  on  men  who 
were  scheduled  to  undergo  prostatectomy — 
surgery  to  treat  prostate  cancer.  The  men 
took  thirty  grams  of  ground  flaxseed  daily 
for  an  average  of  thirty  days  before  surgery. 

Once  the  men's  tumors  were  removed, 


the  researchers  looked  at  tumor  cells  under 
a  microscope  and  were  able  to  determine 
how  quickly  the  cancer  cells  had  multi- 
plied. Men  taking  flaxseed,  either  alone  or 
in  conjunction  with  a  low-fat  diet,  were 
compared  with  men  assigned  to  just  a  low- 
fat  diet,  as  well  as  to  men  in  a  control  group 
who  did  not  alter  or  supplement  their  daily 
diet.  Men  in  both  of  the  flaxseed  groups  had 
the  slowest  rate  of  tumor  growth. 

Flaxseed  is  thought  to  play  a  part  in  halt- 
ing the  cellular  activity  that  leads  to  the 
spread  of  cancer.  As  a  source  of  omega-3 
fatty  acids,  flaxseed  could  alter  how  cancer 
cells  lump  together  or  cling  to  other  body 
cells,  both  factors  in  how  fast  cancer  cells 
proliferate,  Demark-Wahnefried  says. 

The  results  of  the  study  were  presented  at 
the  annual  meeting  of  the  American  So- 
ciety of  Clinical  Oncology  in  June. 

www.asco.org 


Two  new  ways  to  tap  into  Duke's 
world-renowned  weight-loss  approach 


1.  Click. 


The  new  DukeDiet.com  site  is  based  on  the 
proven  weight-loss  strategies  of  the  Duke  Diet 
&  Fitness  Center,  whose  residential  treatment 
program  has  been  helping  people  lose  weight 
and  change  their  lives  since  1969.  Duke  Diet  & 
Fitness  Online  offers: 

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DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Pay  for  Performance 
Questioned 

Paying  hospitals  extra  mon- 
ey does  not  appear  to  im- 
prove significantly  the  way 
they  treat  heart-attack  pa- 
tients or  how  well  those  patients 
do,  according  to  a  recent  Duke 
study.  But  giving  hospitals  the  in- 
formation they  need  to  improve 
heart-attack  care  does  help. 

A  team  of  researchers  led  by  the  Duke 
Clinical  Research  Institute  looked  at  whether 
giving  financial  incentives  to  hospitals  for 
adhering  to  specific  treatment  guidelines 
would  improve  patient  outcomes.  They  found 
no  evidence  that  financial  incentives  were 
associated  with  improved  outcomes  and  no 
evidence  that  hospitals  had  shifted  their 
focus  from  other  areas  in  order  to  concen- 


trate on  the  areas  being  evaluated  for  possi- 
ble increased  payments. 

These  findings,  which  appeared  in  the 
Journal  of  the  American  Medical  Association, 
will  add  to  the  national  debate  over  the  use 
of  "pay  for  performance"  as  a  strategy  for 
encouraging  hospitals  to  use  drugs  and  ther- 
apies that  have  been  proven  to  save  lives 
in  large-scale  clinical  trials,  the  researchers 


say.  The  theory  is  that  the  pos- 
sibility of  receiving  higher  re- 
imbursements will  motivate  hos- 
pitals to  improve  the  quality  of 
their  care. 

A  recent  study  by  Premier 
Inc.,  a  group  that  represents  hos- 
pitals participating  in  a  large 
pilot  project  of  pay  for  perform- 
^  ance  sponsored  by  the  Center  for 
|  Medicare  &  Medicaid  Services 
|  (CMS),  found  that  paying  hos- 
■  pitals  extra  money  for  following 
specific  guidelines  led  to  better  patient  care 
and  outcomes.  However,  that  study  failed  to 
include  a  control  group  of  hospitals  not  re- 
ceiving incentives.  So  the  Duke  team  com- 
pared the  CMS  data  with  that  of  a  registry 
of  105,383  patients  treated  for  heart  attacks 
at  500  hospitals  involved  in  a  national  qual- 
ity improvement  effort. 
"On  one  hand,  the  data  showed  that  care 


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July-August  2007 


RESEARCH   FRONTIERS 


is  improving  overall  in  the  United  States,     alone  will  be  the  sole  means  of  improving     In  Rfjpf 

which  is  obviously  good,"  says  cardiologist     care.  In  fact,  it  all  comes  down  to  hard  work     

Eric  Peterson,  a  professor  of  medicine  and     by  individual  caregivers  and  institutions. 

senior  member  of  the  research  team.  "How-  ,  „     ,  ,. 

http://jama.amaassn.org/ 

cgi/content/short/297/21/2373 


ever,  we  did  not  find  that  pay  for  performance 


Duke  University's  Fuqua  School  of  Business  educates  leaders  at  all  stages  of  their  careers.     |ijjl| 
Whether  you're  a  full-time  MBA  student,  a  professional  earning  an  Executive  MBA  to  accelerate     «Bi. 
your  career,  or  part  of  a  team  in  an  executive  education  program,  you'll  gain  a  broader,  more 
global  perspective  through  an  innovative  curriculum  and  instruction  by  a  top  research  faculty. 

fuqua. duke. ( 


Y  T  I 


E     M  B  A 


VE     EDUCATION 


\f  Peter  Agre,  vice  chancellor  for  science 
and  technology  and  James  B.  Duke  Profes- 
sor of  cell  biology,  is  taking  a  leave  of  ab- 
sence to  evaluate  a  possible  run  for  the  U.S. 
Senate  from  Minnesota.  Agre's  family  has 
lived  in  Minnesota  for  four  generations.  Agre 
came  to  Duke  in  2005  after  spending  more 
than  twenty-five  years  at  the  Johns  Hop- 
kins University  School  of  Medicine.  He 
shared  the  2003  Nobel  Prize  in  chemistry. 

^  Robert  L.  Bryant,  J.M.  Kreps  Professor  of 
mathematics,  has  been  elected  a  member  of 
the  National  Academy  of  Sciences,  an  elite 
group  of  2,000  scientists  and  engineers.  Bry- 
ant's research  interest  in  nonlinear  partial 
differential  equations  and  differential  geom- 
etry has  connections  with  superstring  theory. 

V  John  Hope  Franklin  Hon.  '98,  James  B. 
Duke  Professor  Emeritus  of  history,  has  re- 
ceived a  lifetime  achievement  award  from 
the  American  Academy  of  Arts  and  Sciences 
and  the  American  Philosophical  Society, 
the  nation's  two  oldest  learned  societies. 
Franklin  received  the  Public  Good  Award 
for  his  contribution  to  the  advancement  of 
learning  and  for  being  a  champion  of  civil 
rights  in  America. 

^  Samuel  L.  Katz,  Wilburt  Cornell  Davi- 
son Professor  and  chairman  emeritus  of  the 
department  of  pediatrics,  has  been  awarded 
the  2007  Pollin  Prize  for  his  lifetime  contri- 
butions to  pediatric  infectious-disease  re- 
search and  vaccine  development.  Katz  was 
selected  for  his  role  in  developing  the  mea- 
sles vaccine  and  his  work  to  eradicate  the 
disease  in  resource-poor  nations. 

rf  The  board  of  trustees  has  approved  a 
$1.8  billion  budget  for  the  2007-08  fiscal 
year.  The  budget  includes  a  4.6  percent  in- 
crease to  $45,121  in  the  cost  of  undergradu- 
ate tuition,  fees,  and  room  and  board. 

V  Duke  Corporate  Education  (CE),  a  not- 
for-profit  enterprise  owned  by  Duke,  has  been 
named  by  the  London-based  Financial  Times 
the  world's  top  provider  of  custom  execu- 
tive education.  This  is  the  fifth  consecutive 
year  that  Duke  CE  has  taken  top  honors. 


PL  !-'E  MAGAZINE 


1 .-. 


■^ 


Mind  Game 


hen  Greg   Dale   attends   Duke 
sporting  events,  he  doesn't  tell 
anyone  that  he's  coming.  The 
Texas  native  finds  a  seat — some- 
times behind  the  Duke  bench,  sometimes  in 
the  stands  on  the  opposite  sideline — just 
the  way  any  fan  would.  The  difference  is, 
he's,  not  there  to  watch  the  match;  he's 
there  to  observe  the  reactions — of  players, 
coaches,  and  even  parents — to  the  action 
on  the  field. 

Dale,  a  sports  psychologist  who  works 
with  all  of  Duke's  men's  and  women's  teams 
except  basketball,  makes  his  presence 
known  on  non-game  days  at  formal,  sched- 
uled sessions  he  holds  to  help  teams  and 
individuals  discover  how  to  improve  their 
responses  in  game  situations.  He  has  a 
favorite  series  of  questions  that  he  likes  to 
ask  everyone  who  comes  to  his  office  for 
help.  "What  percentage  of  your  sport  do 
you  give  to  the  mental  part  of  it,  as  opposed 


to  the  physical  part?"  he  begins.  The  answer, 
he  says,  is  invariably  "more  than  50  percent." 
Then  he  follows  up  with,  "Well,  then  how 
much  time  do  you  spend  developing  your 
mental  game?" 

The  importance  of  psychological  condi- 
tioning, Dale  says,  rises  dramatically  for 
athletes  at  the  Division  I  level,  who  were 
accustomed  to  being  able  to  use  their  physi- 
cal gifts  to  dominate  their  competition  in 
high  school.  But  at  Duke  and 
other  highly  competitive 
schools,  where  everyone  is 
highly  talented,  the  game 
"becomes  much  more  men- 
tal," he  says. 

To  train  athletes'  minds, 
he  uses  a  variety  of  tech- 
niques, ranging  from  tried- 
and-true  standards,  such  as 
teaching  individual  players 
how  to  visualize  success,  to 
the  bizarre — instructing  a  team  to  attach 
their  coach  to  the  wall  with  duct  tape. 
(Players  take  turns  applying  strips  of  the 


"Some  people  think 
my  job  is  to  make 
athletes  think  more 
about  what  they're 
doing,"  says  Dale. 
"My  job  is  really  to 
make  them  think  less." 


tape;  the  goal  is  to  keep  the  coach  taped  to 
the  wall  for  as  long  as  possible.  Deciding 
where  to  place  the  strips  of  tape  is  thought 
to  improve  communication  and  teamwork.) 
For  game  situations,  however,  Dale's  men- 
tal exercises  are  aimed  at  preventing  players 
from  overanalyzing  their  performance, 
which  can  cause  them  to  underperform  be- 
cause they  are  worrying  about  past  mistakes. 
When  match  time  comes,  learning  to  tune 
out  negative  thought  pat- 
terns can  be  just  as  important 
as  developing  positive  ones, 
says  Dale. 

"Some  people  think  my 
job  is  to  make  athletes  think 
more  about  what  they're  do- 
ing," he  says.  "My  job  is  really 
to  make  them  think  less." 

On  a  Tuesday  afternoon 
last  semester,  the  team-build- 
ing exercise  that  Dale  chose 
for  the  Duke  women's  soccer  team  didn't 
involve  any  duct  tape.  Instead,  he  decided 
to  have  them  take  online  personality  sur- 


July-August  2007         27 


Campus  Observer 


veys  to  help  them  understand  the  differ- 
ent attitudes  of  their  teammates  and 
their  competitors.  After  answering  a  series 
of  questions  that  asked  each  team  mem- 
ber to  rank  how  comfortable  she  feels  in 
certain  situations  ("expressing  yourself  to 
others"  or  "taking  charge  in  a  group,"  for 
example),  each  player  was  presented 
with  a  graph  showing  the  relative  levels 
of  different  components  of  her  personali- 
ty, such  as  dominance,  extroversion,  and 
conformity. 

Later,  Dale  presented  the  overall  re- 
sults to  the  team.  As  a  whole,  46.2  per- 
cent of  the  players  preferred  a  lifestyle 
with  a  "high  pace,"  while  92.3  percent  of 
them  "were  likely  to  make  strong  deci- 
sions based  on  their  instincts." 

"That's  so  true,"  the  women  exclaimed 
repeatedly,  as  Dale  read  the  results. 

Athletes  aren't  the  only  ones  who  have 
something  to  gain  from  Dale's  expertise. 
It  may  be  somewhat  counterintuitive,  he 
says,  but  parents  actually  become  more 
involved  with  their  child's  sports  in  col- 
lege, and  teaching  parents  how  to  accept 
their  new  roles 

When  match  time     and  teaching 

,         .  coaches  how  to 

comes,  learning  to  deai  with  over- 
tune  OUt  negative        bearing  moms 

thought  patterns      and  dads  and 

_  underachieving 

Can  be  JUSt  aS  players  is  also  an 

important  as  devel-   important  part 

.    _,         ...  of  his  work. 

oping  positive  ones.     ForthatDale 

created  a  model 
of  what  he  calls  "credible  coaches,"  de- 
scribed in  his  book  The  Secrets  of  Success- 
ful Coaching,  by  examining  practices  of 
coaches  such  as  the  Indianapolis  Colts' 
Tony  Dungy  and  Duke's  Mike  Krzyzew- 
ski,  who  lead  through  inspiration  rather 
than  coercion.  The  book,  like  his  incog- 
nito attendance  at  games,  is  really  just 
another  entry  in  Dale's  overall  mission: 
giving  the  people  who  surround  college 
athletes  the  knowledge  they  need  to  help 
them  while  giving  the  athletes  the  men- 
tal guidance  they  need  to  help  themselves. 
— Witt  Waggenspack  '08 


I'm  in  the  Queue  for  Love 

Tom  Anderson  paces  the  Chapel  Quad, 
eyes  down,  in  search  of  a  sprinkler 
head.  Recently  retired  from  his  post 
as  administrative  director  of  graduate 
medical  education  at  Duke,  Anderson  A.M. 
'65,  Ph.D.  '71  is  dressed  casually  in  a  short- 
sleeved,  blue  button-down  shirt,  black  shorts, 
black  socks,  and  shoes.  He  kneels  to  brush 
aside  some  grass  and  inspect  a  likely  spot. 

The  search  is  not  as  easy  as  it  seems,  he 
explains.  The  sprinkler  heads  are  buried, 
their  tops  flush  with  the  ground.  His  wife, 
Kate  Anderson,  who  worked  at  Duke  for 
thirty-three  years  in  various  capacities  be- 
fore retiring  this  winter,  watches  from  a 
folding  chair.  At  her  feet  is  a  gray  tarp,  and 
on  the  tarp,  still  rolled  in  plastic  packages, 
are  two  sleeping  bags  and  a  tent.  A  large 
white  bud  drops  off  a  nearby  magnolia  tree 
and  hits  the  tarp  with  a  loud  "thwap." 

The  Andersons  are  here  this  hot  Wed- 
nesday afternoon  to  schedule  a  wedding 
date  at  Duke  Chapel  for  their  daughter, 
Susan.  The  reservation  window  doesn't  open 
until  Friday  morning  (reservations  for  wed- 
ding dates  in  the  chapel  become  available  a 
year  in  advance,  at  8:00  a.m.  on  the  first  of 
each  month),  but  Susan  has  her  heart  set 
on  getting  married  at  noon  on  June  7,  2008, 
and  her  parents  have  gotten  in  line  early  to 
ensure  that  she  gets  her  wish. 

Camping  out  for  wedding  reservations  at 
the  chapel,  as  well  as  wedding  and  recep- 
tion reservations  at  the  Sarah  P.  Duke  Gar- 
dens, has  become  common,  especially  for 
those  planning  late  spring  weddings.  In  fact, 
the  Andersons  also  camped  out  last  month 
to  schedule  a  back-up  date  (May  3 1 )  in  case 
their  daughter's  first  choice  was  taken. 

As  the  first  ones  here,  they  shouldn't  have 
any  trouble,  so  Tom,  the  academic,  is  busy 
applying  a  lesson  learned  last  month.  The 
automatic  sprinklers  on  the  Chapel  Quad 
come  on  daily  between  4:00  and  5:00  a.m., 
and  their  reach  covers  the  entire  quad.  Last 
month,  Anderson  and  other  campers  fig- 
ured out  that  they  could  pry  the  sprinklers 
up  and  tie  bags  over  them,  which  didn't 
completely  stop  the  flow  of  water,  but  weak- 


ened it  enough  to  save  them  from  a  wet 
wake-up  call. 

The  official  line  is  to  downplay  camping. 
But  it's  not  toed  assiduously.  Mollie  Keel, 
the  weddings  coordinator  for  the  chapel, 
and  Ashley  Carmichael,  her  gardens  coun- 
terpart, both  deny  encouraging  campers. 
But  they  appear  to  enjoy  their  presence  and 
their  spirit  and  duly  explain  the  process  to 
couples  who  call  to  inquire  about  it.  Still, 
Carmichael  is  quick  to  note,  "I  don't  allow 
people  to  tell  me  how  early  they  are  plan- 
ning to  come,  because  I  don't  want  to  know. 
I  don't  want  people  to  ask  me  what  time 
they  have  to  get  there  to  be  the  first  one  in 
line." 

Keel  has  seen  this  go  on  for  much  of  her 
twelve-year  tenure  at  the  chapel.  Carmi- 
chael has  been  here  only  a  year,  but  she's 
already  seen  a  lot.  Last  September,  for  ex- 
ample, one  camper  brought  a  George  Fore- 
man Grill,  plugged  it  into  an  outlet  at  the 
entrance  to  the  Doris  Duke  Center,  and 
proceeded  to  cook  hot  dogs. 

For  the  gardens'  reservation  day  in  May, 
generally  the  busiest  month  of  all,  nine 
groups  that  camped  out  "had  a  little  lawn 
party,"  Carmichael  says.  They  brought  along 
their  dogs,  took  photos  of  the  brides-to-be 
flashing  their  engagement  rings,  and  invit- 
ed one  another  to  their  weddings. 

But  the  relaxed  and  festive  nature  of  the 
campouts  belies  the  importance  campers 
place  on  them.  Arrive  too  late,  and  you  risk 
missing  out  on  your  date  and  time — no 
matter  how  far  you've  traveled  to  join  the 
line.  Among  those  waiting  for  a  June  2008 
date  at  the  gardens  is  Meredith  Mabe  '02  of 
Washington.  Mabe's  fiance,  Craig  Principe 
'02,  drove  down  last  month  hoping  to  book 
a  May  date.  When  he  arrived  at  5:00  p.m. 
the  day  before,  he  found  that  their  preferred 
date,  as  well  as  most  of  the  others  for  the 
month,  were  already  spoken  for.  So  he 
turned  around  and  headed  home.  This  time, 
Mabe  drove  down  on  Wednesday  and  stayed 
with  friends  in  Raleigh  so  she  could  get  to 
the  gardens  early  Thursday  morning. 

She  gets  there  early  enough  to  claim  the 
number  two  spot  in  line.  She  and  Chris 
Donald  M.Div.  '06,  who's  first,  pass  the  time 
reading  and  chatting.  Donald  says  he  was 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


prepared  for  this  experience  after  camping 
out  for  Duke  basketball  tickets.  Mabe  agrees. 
"That's  why  we're  more  accepting  of  this," 
she  says. 

Thursday  morning,  the  Andersons  take 
down  their  tent  at  the  insistence  of  a 
groundskeeper  who  seems  peeved  not 
so  much  that  they've  tampered  with 
the  sprinkler  heads,  but  that  they  didn't  get 
soaked.  "I  think  he  wanted  us  to  get  wet," 
Kate  says.  "He  said  we  should  just  let  him 
know  in  advance  and  he'll  turn  them  off, 
but  we  don't  believe  him."  They  set  up  camp 
in  a  chapel  archway,  to  stay  in  the  shade  but 


also  out  of  respect  for  a  funeral 
that  is  taking  place  today.  Cu- 
rious passersby  stop  to  ask  what 
they're  doing.  The  Andersons 
reply  with  their  now-standard 
response,  a  joke  they  bor- 
rowed from  a  fellow  camper 
last  month.  "We're  camping 
out  for  Duke  football  tickets." 
They've  bonded  with 
another  couple,  rising  Duke 
senior  Taylor  Halbert  and  her 
fiance,  Andrew  McFarland  '06,  who  joined 
the  line  yesterday  evening  just  after  the  five 
o'clock  bells  rang  out  across  the  quad.  Hal- 


One  camper  brought 
a  George  Foreman 
Grill,  plugged  it 
into  an  outlet  at 
the  entrance  to  the 
Doris  Duke  Center, 
and  proceeded  to 
cook  hot  dogs. 


bert  drove  down  from  Nor- 
thern Virginia  to  camp  out 
and  spend  the  week  meeting 
with  photographers  and 
florists  and  making  other  wed- 
ding plans. 

Upon  their  arrival,  Kate  had 

asked  them  what  date  they 

were  looking  for  and  found 

that  they,  too,  were  hoping  for 

June  7.  "At  either  noon  or  six," 

Halbert  said.  Kate  broke  the 

news  that  they  were  taking  the  noon  slot. 

"So  I  guess  it's  going  to  have  to  be  six," 

Halbert  said,  shrugging.  She  returned  to  the 


July-August  2007 


Q&A 


car  to  get  pillows  and  a  sleeping  bag  and 
piled  them  in  a  corner  of  the  archway.  "I 
didn't  pick  a  specific  time  so  I  wouldn't 
he  disappointed,"  she  said,  but  a  fleeting 
frown  belied  her  nonchalance. 

As  the  morning  sun  climbs  and  the 
four  share  a  breakfast  of  sausage  biscuits 
and  Egg  McMuffins  from  the  McDonald's 
in  the  Bryan  Center,  Keel  comes  out  to 
inform  them  that  the  6:00  p.m.  date  on 
June  7  has  been  reserved  by  a  "V.I. P.  from 
the  Allen  building."  Halbert  and  McFar- 
land  confer  and  decide  they  will  take 
3:00  p.m.,  the  only  remaining  time  on 
June  7,  then  settle  down  for  a  day  of  waiting. 

They  flip  through  a  copy  of  Bride  & 
Groom  magazine.  Nearby,  Tom  takes  a  call 
on  his  cell  phone.  "Hello?"  Pause.  "I'm 
hot  and  sweaty  and  sticky.  I  camped  out 
in  front  of  Duke  Chapel  last  night,  and 
I'm  going  to  do  it  again  tonight." 

Tonight  Tom  and  Kate  plan  to  throw  a 
surprise  birthday  party  for  Susan,  who, 
blissfully  unaware,  joins  them  in  line  af- 
ter getting  off  work  (she  teaches  English 
in  a  Raleigh  high  school).  Just  after  sun- 
set when  the  sky  turns  a  deep  purple  and 
the  quad  begins  to  take  on  the  preternat- 
ural hush  of  a  college  campus  in  early 
summer,  Susan's  fiance  and  friends  arrive 
bearing  cake,  ice  cream,  and  party  hats, 
their  entrance  heralded  by  bright  laugh- 
ter and  celebratory  voices. 

Friday  morning  arrives  at  last.  Every- 
one's up  early.  They  have  their  tents 
down  by  7:00.  At  7:30  Oscar  Dantz- 
ler,  a  housekeeper  who's  been  work- 
ing at  the  chapel  for  ten  years,  unlocks  the 
doors,  peeks  out,  and  motions  for  them  to 
come  inside.  "I  would  have  let  them  in 
earlier,  but  I  had  to  wax  the  floors,"  he  says. 
They  sit  in  pews  in  the  back  of  the 
chapel.  Morning  light  seeps  through  the 
stained  glass  windows.  The  campers  wait 
patiently  for  Keel  to  arrive  with  her  reser- 
vation book,  taking  in  the  large,  empty 
chapel,  imagining  what  it  will  look  like, 
filled  with  people,  in  one  year's  time. 


-Jacob  Dagger 


Reinventing  Iraq 


Donald  Horowitz,  James  B.  Duke  Professor 
of  law  and  political  science,  is  an  expert  in 
ethnic  conflict  and  constitutional  design. 
He  has  advised  several  countries  on  the 
intricacies  of  the  constitutional  process.  He 
serves  on  the  U.S.  Secretary  of  State's  Ad- 
visory Committee  on  Democracy  Promotion, 
a  group  that  focuses  on  emerging  democra- 
cies around  the  world,  and,  in  May,  was 
among  six  scholars  invited  to  meet  with 
President  George  W.  Bush  and  Vice  Presi- 
dent Dick  Cheney  to  discuss  Iraq  policy  and 
divided  societies. 

To  what  extent  is  Iraq's  current  ethnic  conflict 
solvable? 

Solvable  isn't  the  word  that  I  would  ever 
use  with  respect  to  the  kind  of  conflicts 
that  are  typified  by  the  Iraq  one.  They  get 
better  and  they  get  worse,  but  solutions  are 
not  the  sort  of  thing  that  people  who  work 
in  this  field  are  aiming  at.  What  they're 
aiming  at  is  reducing  the  conflict  and  chan- 
neling it  into  nonviolent  forms. 

What  role  does  the  creation  of  a  constitution 
play  in  reducing  violence? 

The  constitution  structures  the  political 
institutions  of  a  state.  The  structure  of 
political  institutions  in  the  state  can  either 
make  conflict  worse  or  make  it  better.  The 
constitution  that  was  agreed  upon  in  Iraq 
in  2005  was  one  that  was  guaranteed  to 
make  things  worse,  much  worse. 

How  so? 

The  constitution  was  essentially  a  Kurdish 
design  for  Iraq.  The  Kurds  want  a  very  sub- 
stantial amount  of  autonomy,  and  they  sold 
the  Shia  on  that  kind  of  constitution,  cre- 
ating a  decentralized  Iraq,  including  the 
decentralization  of  future  oil  revenues.  The 
Sunnis  were  underrepresented  at  the  time 


in  the  parliament,  and  they  were  underrep- 
resented in  the  constitution-drafting  com- 
mittee. The  result  was  that  the  Sunnis,  who 
live  in  a  very  oil-poor  area,  and  who,  in  any 
case,  want  a  single,  unified  Iraq,  were 
gravely  disadvantaged  by  the  constitution. 

Furthermore,  any  new  amendments  will 
have  to  be  ratified  in  a  referendum.  And  a 
two-thirds  vote  against  amendments  in  any 
three  provinces  will  defeat  the  amendment. 
So  even  if  there  were  very  favorable  amend- 
ments toward  the  Sunnis  in  the  revised 
constitution,  when  those  are  submitted  to 
the  population  via  referendum,  the  Kurds, 
who  control  three  provinces,  could  easily 
defeat  those  amendments.  A  constitution 
that  is  unfavorable  to  Sunni  interests  is  one 
of  the  sources  of  the  violence  that's  coming 
from  the  Sunni  areas. 

Now  suppose  for  the  sake  of  argument 
that  the  constitution  were  dramatically 
amended  to  reduce  the  degree  of  decentral- 
ization, and  create  what's  really  needed, 
namely  a  unified  Iraq  with  a  fair  apportion- 
ment of  the  oil  revenues.  If  you  couple  that 
with  a  revision  of  the  "de-Baathification" 
law,  what  you  would  find  is  that  a  lot  of  the 
Sunni  grievances  against  the  current  regime 
would  be  much  reduced,  and  Sunni  support 
for  at  least  the  Baathist  part  of  the  insur- 
gency would  decline.  As  a  matter  of  fact, 
Sunnis  might  then  turn  even  more  deci- 
sively than  they  have  recently  against  al 
Qaeda.  And  if  the  violence  coming  from  the 
Sunni  side  declined,  the  retaliatory  killings 
by  the  Shia  militias  would  also  decline. 

What  role  can  the  U.S.  military  play  in 
correcting  the  existing  problems?  Is 
there  a  way  the  military  can  help  institute 
constitutional  changes? 

The  military  won't  be  involved  in  the  con- 
stitutional deliberations.  But  the  American 
embassy,  of  course,  has  a  very  considerable 
role  to  play.  Former  ambassador  [Zalmay] 
Khalilzad  did  play  a  role  in  previous  consti- 
tutional negotiations.  For  example,  it  was 
his  insistence  that  got  [increased]  Sunni 
participation  in  the  drafting  committee. 
And  it  was  also  he  who  persuaded  the  Iraqi 
authorities  to  provide  for  an  amendment 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


committee.  But  whethet  the  American 
embassy  has  been  successful  in  convincing 
the  Kurds  that  they  have  to  give  up  some- 
thing is  a  different  matter  altogether. 

Critics  of  the  American  effort  in  Iraq  some- 
times point  out  the  irony  implicit  in  "impos- 
ing" a  democracy  on  another  country.  Is  that 
what  is  going  on  here? 

It  depends  what  you  mean  by  "imposing." 
It's  obvious  that  the  American  invasion  of 
Iraq  created  the  conditions  for  a  new  regime. 
So  to  the  extent  that  that  new  regime  is 
democratic,  then,  in  that  sense,  there's  a 
causal  connection  between  the  invasion 
and  the  emergence  of  a  democracy.  On  the 
other  hand,  the  Americans  have  not  been 
wholly  successful  in  imposing  the  particular 
institutions  on  the  Iraqis  that  the  Americans 
would  have  liked.  It's  very  clear  that  the 
design  of  this  constitution  is  an  Iraqi  one. 

Can  you  give  examples? 

I  don't  think  the  United  States  would  have 
liked  to  have  seen  a  very  weak  central  gov- 
ernment and  a  Kurdistan  that's  highly  au- 
tonomous and  able,  by  the  powers  accorded 
to  it,  to  provoke  the  Turks,  who  are  Ameri- 
can allies.  Likewise,  if  the  Americans  were 
to  choose,  it  would  be  very  unlikely  that 
they  would  have  chosen  a  constitution  that 
would  allow  nine  provinces  in  the  Shia 
south  to  unite  to  form  a  region — essentially 
a  "Shiastan" — that  may  very  well  be  open 
to  Iranian  influence.  That  [unification] 
hasn't  happened  yet,  but  the  current  con- 


stitution pennits  it.  Similarly,  the  Americans 
wouldn't  like  a  constitution  that  renders 
the  Sunnis  so  dissatisfied  that  they  would 
be  unwilling  to  turn  on  al  Qaeda  and  to  re- 
ject the  Baathist  insurgency.  So  from  every 
standpoint,  the  constitution  is  not  congen- 
ial to  American  interests.  That's  for  sure. 

You've  studied  the  constitutional  process  in 
many  other  countries.  Which  has  been  the 
most  interesting? 

They're  all  interesting  in  different  ways. 
It's  hard  to  answer  that  question.  I'll  tell 
you  the  one  that  I  think  is  the  most  unpre- 
dictably interesting,  and  that's  Indonesia. 
In  1998  when  [President]  Suharto  fell,  most 
people  would  have  guessed  that  Indonesia 
was  not  going  to  emerge  with  a  democratic 
regime.  And  within  five  years,  that  turned 
out  to  be  false.  The  Indonesians  had  a  long 
democratization  process  with  a  long  process 
of  producing  a  heavily  amended  constitu- 
tion. And  they  have  thus  far  emerged  with 
rather  a  successful  democracy. 

How  important  is  it  for  emerging  democracies  to 
create  their  own  systems  rather  than  modeling 
themselves  after  a  specific  foreign  system? 

If  those  were  the  only  two  alternatives,  it 
would  be  easy  to  answer  that  the  first  is  bet- 
ter than  the  second.  But  those  are  not  the 
only  two  alternatives.  All  of  these  coun- 
tries need  to  learn  from  the  experience  of 
other  countries  that  have  similar  problems. 
While  they  shouldn't  model  themselves  on 
anybody  else  because  no  two  situations  are 


Horowitz:  understanding  constitutional 
complexity  in  emerging  democracies 


exactly  alike,  they  certainly  ought  to  be 
learning  across  country  boundaries.  Some- 
times they  do  this  well,  and  very  often  they 
do  it  very  poorly.  Very  often  they  restrict 
their  sights  to  a  few  conspicuous  democra- 
cies, like  the  American  one  or  the  British 
one  or  the  Swiss  one.  One  of  the  big 
problems  in  this  field  is  bringing  to  bear 
expertise  on  comparable  problems  for 
countries  whose  indigenous  capacity  to  tap 
the  expertise  is  limited — by  virtue  of  the 
fact  that  either  people  haven't  studied  the 
relevant  examples  or  have  been  victims  of 
a  closed  authoritarian  system  that  limits 
comparative  learning. 

In  the  case  of  Indonesia,  how  did  planners  con- 
nect with  advisers  and  find  useful  examples? 

There  were  a  number  of  American  and 
other  NGOs  on  the  ground  that  helped 
them  a  lot  to  figure  out  what  the  options 
were.  There  was  also  one  Indonesian  NGO 
which  cast  a  very  broad  net.  For  example, 
in  deciding  on  how  to  elect  the  president 
under  the  new  constitution,  it  suggested  an 
innovation  that  actually  came  from  Nigeria. 
They  found  it  on  the  Web,  oddly  enough. 
As  it  happened,  I'd  been  in  Nigeria  when 
that  system  was  adopted  and  I  was  also  able 
to  tell  them  how  it  worked,  but  basically 
they  did  it  themselves. 

Has  this  discover))  process  taken  place  in  Iraq? 

The  Iraqis  haven't  been  very  good  at  this, 
[and]  they  haven't  had  the  best  foreign 
advice.  They've  missed  a  lot  of  opportuni- 
ties that  they  might  have  taken,  both  to  get 
other  advice  and  to  cast  a  sideways  glance 
at  other  countries.  And  they  haven't  always 
understood  the  relevance  of  other  countries 
for  their  predicament. 

Part  of  the  problem  is  that  they  were  under 
a  lot  of  time  pressure.  The  American  gov- 
ernment put  them  under  a  lot  of  that  time 
pressure,  because  the  American  government 
was  eager  to  show  democratic  progress. 
They  could  have  taken  another  six  months 
to  draft  their  constitution;  the  Americans 
discouraged  them  from  doing  that. 

— Jacob 


July-August  2007 


Hoto 


An  alumnus  with  a  degree  in  coastal  environmental 
management  and  a  "penchant  for  salty,  sandy  places"  returns  to  the 
Nicholas  School  of  the  Environment  and  Earth  Sciences  to  learn  about 
the  latest  research  and  thinking  on  global  climate  change. 

Pictorial  tributes  to  the  natural  world  and  to  crowning 
achievements  in  science,  engineering,  and  medicine 
adorn  the  granite  walls  in  the  cavernous  lobby  of  the 
National  Academies  Building  in  Washington.  On  the 
back  wall,  a  giant  salmon  hovers,  midstream,  just  to 
the  right  of  Einstein's  E=mc2.  A  much  smaller  fish,  its 
design  evocative  of  an  Inuit  totem,  is  inscribed  in  the 
middle  of  the  salmon's  body,  perhaps  as  a  tribute  to 
native  cultures  or  as  a  nod  to  the  diminutive  but  cen- 
tral role  of  the  human  dimension  in  the  natural  world. 


n  a  side  wall,  next  to  images  of 
Darwin's  famed  Galapagos  finch- 
H  ^|  es,  is  a  model  of  carbon  dioxide 

(CO;)  molecules — the  oxygen 
atoms  protruding  from  each  carbon  atom 
like  the  prongs  of  a  child's  jacks.  Below  it,  a 
graph  traces  the  amount  of  carbon  dioxide 
in  the  Earth's  atmosphere  starting  in  1958, 
when  scientists  began  keeping  detailed  re- 
cords. The  curve  of  the  graph  looks  like  a  saw 
blade,  each  tooth  describing  year-to-year 
variations  in  atmospheric  carbon  dioxide, 
but  the  upward  trend  in  the  graph  is  unmis- 
takable and  speaks  to  the  reason  for  my  visit. 
Inside,  I  notice  the  names  of  Duke's  Gab- 
riele  Hegerl  and  Susan  Lozier  printed  on 
placards  at  the  center  tables  where  re- 
searchers and  policy  makers  from  top  insti- 
tutions around  the  country  will  soon  con- 
sider the  need  for  an  early-warning  system 
for  abrupt  climate  change.  I  take  a  seat  near 
the  snack  table  where,  within  minutes,  I've 
overheard  the  assembled  experts  discuss  cli- 
mate projections  and  offer  play-by-play  in- 
f,  sights  into  Massachusetts  v.  the  United  States 
|  Environmental  Protection  Agency,  a  case  be- 
a  fore  the  U.S.  Supreme  Court  to  decide 


whether  CO>  should  be  federally  regulated 
as  a  pollutant.  (In  April,  the  Court  found 
that  it  should.) 

Hegerl,  a  climate  diagnostician  working 
to  understand  the  reasons  behind  climate 
change,  is  a  member  of  the  National  Re- 
search Council's  Climate  Research  Com- 
mittee (CRC),  which  has  convened  the 
panel.  Lozier,  a  physical  oceanographer,  has 
been  invited  as  a  featured  speaker  because, 
as  she  eloquently  explains  during  her  re- 
marks, when  it  comes  to  climate,  "the  ocean 
is  an  equal  partner  with  the  atmosphere." 
When  she  showed  me  her  invitation  to 
speak  during  our  interview  a  few  weeks  ear- 
lier, Lozier  mused  over  "abrupt" — a  word 
that  means  very  different  things  to  scien- 
tists and  non-scientists.  Lozier  tells  me  that 
when  talking  about  climate  change,  abrupt 
means  decades. 

Lozier's  office  at  Duke  had  been  the  first 
stop  on  my  personal  quest  for  more  than  Al 
Gore's  "inconvenient  truth."  In  the  handful 
of  years  since  I  earned  my  graduate  degree 
in  coastal  environmental  management  at 
Duke,  the  global  climate-change  story  has 
become  the  best  show  in  town — Gore  even 


July-August  2007 


33 


won  an  Oscar  for  his  version.  Did  I  think 
about  global  warming  this  much  while  I  was 
at  Duke?  Do  I  think  about  it  enough  now? 
After  all,  accelerated  sea-level  rise  and 
intensifying  storms,  both  with  profound 
consequences  for  our  coasts,  are  among  the 
most  dramatic  of  the  changes  we'll  see  as  the 
planet  continues  to  warm  in  coming  decades. 
How  could  anyone  with  my  professional 
bent  and  my  personal  penchant  for  salty, 
sandy  places  not  think  about  global  climate 
all  the  time?  With  the  bliss  of  ignorance 
fading  into  distant  memory,  what  is  a  card- 
carrying  member  of  humanity  to  do?  Search- 
ing for  knowledge  that  would  help  me 
become  more  than  just  another  contributor 
to  the  problem,  I  headed  back  to  the  Ni- 
cholas School  to  catch  up  on  the  latest  in 
climate-change  science. 


n  compansoriwiththe  m 


other  offices  I  visit  that  day,  Lozier's  is  a 
sanctuary — serene  and  uncluttered.  Warm 
light  from  a  single  desk  lamp  casts  a  halo  on 
a  tidy  desk.  A  large,  well-pruned,  potted  suc- 
culent occupies  the  window  alcove  inside 
one  of  the  towers  that  distinguish  the  Old 
Chemistry  Building. 

Lozier  is  explaining  that  the  disruption  of 
the  ocean  conveyor,  as  ocean  circulation  is 
known,  could  "give  the  signal  of  rapid  cli- 
mate change"  in  the  form  of  cooler  temper- 
atures in  certain  parts  of  the  world,  includ- 
ing Western  Europe. 

Warm  water  in  the  form  of  the  Gulf  Stream 
travels  north  from  the  equator  along  the 
western  margin  of  the  Atlantic  Ocean.  Once 
past  Cape  Hatteras,  the  Gulf  Stream  drifts  to 
the  northeast,  and  the  surface  waters  trans- 
fer heat  to  Western  Europe,  becoming  cooler 
in  the  process.  When  they  reach  the  North 
Atlantic,  the  surface  waters — now  colder, 
saltier,  and  denser — sink  and  flow  back  to- 
ward the  equator  in  the  deep  ocean,  a  1,000- 
year  journey  that  drives  ocean  circulation. 

As  the  Earth's  atmosphere  warms  from  a 
combination  of  natural  cycles  and  human 
factors,  ice  masses  around  the  poles  are 
melting  at  accelerated  rates.  The  fresh  water 
being  released  could  reduce  the  salinity  of 
nearby  surface  waters,  changing  their  densi- 
ty enough  so  that  they  wouldn't  sink  and 
drive  the  cycle.  Lozier  cites  data  from  2002 
that  show  "rapid  freshening"  of  the  North 
Atlantic  since  1965;  however,  her  own  work 
has  not  yet  revealed  any  recent  changes  in 
the  ocean  conveyor.  Lozier  uses  high-tech 
floats — four-foot-long  glass  tubes  housing 
delicate  instruments — to  study  currents  at 
specific  depths  in  the  North  Atlantic.  After 


The  oceans  are  - 
assimilating  up  j 
to  40  percent 
of  the  carbon 
byproducts  of  our 
daily  lives,  says , 
oceanographer  I 
Susan  Lozier.  ! 


the  floats  spend  two  years  underwater  meas- 
uring salinity  and  temperature  and  internal- 
ly recording  their  own  location,  their  bal- 
lasts rupture,  and  they  pop  to  the  surface. 
They  beam  all  of  their  stored  measurements 
to  a  satellite.  Lozier  and  her  colleagues  re- 
trieve the  data  and  use  them  to  map  and 
characterize  the  particular  currents  that  car- 
ried the  floats. 

If  the  ocean  conveyor  were  disrupted,  the 
rapid  cooling  of  Western  Europe  would  be 
only  half  of  the  bombshell.  A  recent  report 
by  a  scientist  at  the  National  Oceanic  and 
Atmospheric  Administration  revealed  that 
40  percent  of  the  CO2  released  by  human  ac- 
tivities since  1800 — the  same  CO2  that  has 
been  implicated  as  the  key  perpetrator  in 
the  warming  of  the  Earth's  atmosphere — has 
been  carried  by  the  dense,  sinking  waters  of 
the  North  Atlantic  into  a  reservoir  in  the 
deep  sea.  The  disruption  of  ocean  circulation 
would  mean  the  loss  of  our  single  biggest 
repository,  or  sink,  for  atmospheric  CO2. 


"Ninety  percent  of  the  deep  waters  in  the 
Atlantic  were  once  surface  waters,"  Lozier  ex- 
plains, so  we're  able  to  monitor  the  penetra- 
tion of  CO2  from  human  sources  into  the 
ocean's  depths.  "The  time  scale  here  is  de- 
cades," she  says.  "We  are  now  picking  up  He- 
lium-3  and  Tritium  in  the  deep  waters  from 
the  nuclear  tests  in  the  1950s  and  early  '60s." 

In  this  way,  the  deep  sea  is  a  record,  as  well  as 
a  reservoir.  We  know  from  geologic  evidence 
of  deep-ocean  warming  that  the  ocean  con- 
veyor has  slowed  or  stopped  at  different  points 
in  the  Earth's  history.  We  also  know  that  at 
those  times,  the  surface  of  the  Earth  looked 
very  different  from  the  way  it  does  today. 

y  decision  to 

search  for  some  perspective  on 
climate  predictions  takes  me 
only  one  floor  up  from  Lozier's 
office  in  Old  Chem;  my  footsteps  clap  off 
the  aging  concrete  stairs,  polished  by  seven- 
ty-five years  of  students  in  motion.  To  get  to 
Thomas  Crowley,  I  walk  through  two  small 
lab  rooms,  past  a  finger  painting  tacked  to 
the  bulletin  board,  past  teetering  stacks  of 
journals  on  the  floor  beneath  an  open  file 
cabinet,  and  into  an  office  covered  from  floor 
to  ceiling  in  shelved  journals.  Piles  of  article 
reprints,  two  rows  deep,  conceal  most  of  his 
two  desks.  (Later,  in  an  e-mail  message  to  a 
photographer  who  is  attempting  to  lure  him 
outdoors  for  a  photo  shoot,  Crowley  says,  "I 
would  much  rather  have  a  picture  taken  in 
my  office — surrounded  by  the  stacks  of 
paper  that  are  the  fodder  for  my  research.") 
Crowley's  professional  identity  is  hard  to 
nail  down.  A  geologist  by  training,  he  has 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


become  a  historian  and  modeler  of  past  cli- 
mates and  is  now  dealing  with  contempo- 
rary climate  issues  and  policy.  He  works  with 
computer  models  that  apply  Newton's  equa- 
tions of  motion  and  the  laws  of  thermody- 
namics to  a  rotating  sphere  and  are  run  on 
the  biggest  computers  in  the  world. 

At  this,  the  warmest  point  in  human  his- 
tory, Crowley  recognizes  that  we  need  a 
wholesale  change  in  our  energy  supply — 85 
percent  of  which  is  carbon-based — to  stabi- 
lize the  climate.  (Like  other  experts,  Crow- 
ley points  out  that  despite  valid  concerns 
over  the  contribution  of  automobiles  to 
global  warming,  "most  CO2  comes  from 
smokestacks  not  tail  pipes" — which  explains 
why  none  of  my  interviews  involves  more 
than  a  passing  discussion  of  automobile  fuel 
efficiency  and  emissions.)  Even  so,  he  is 
open  to  the  idea  of  continuing  the  use  of 
fossil  fuels  and  to  expanding  the  infrastruc- 


my,  and  clean  coal  or  methane  creates  jobs 
and  U.S.  energy  security,"  Crowley  explains. 
But  he  draws  the  line  at  on-site  drilling  in  the 
Arctic  National  Wildlife  Area  Refuge  because 
the  infrastructural  footprint  is  just  too  big. 

Crowley,  who  never  eats  lunch  in  his  of- 
fice because  he  prefers  to  eat  with  the  stu- 
dents, invites  me  to  join  him.  "Gabi  doesn't 
like  to  sit  up  here,"  he  tells  me  of  his  wife  as 
he  climbs  to  a  table  on  the  platform  at  the 
end  of  the  gallery  in  the  Union  Building. 
Gabi  is  Gabriele  Hegerl,  the  member  of  the 
Climate  Research  Committee  I  encoun- 
tered at  the  National  Academy.  In  line  at 
the  coffee  counter  after  lunch,  Crowley  sifts 
through  a  handful  of  foreign  coins,  relics  of 
Hegerl's  service  on  advisory  bodies  like  the 
Intergovernmental  Panel  on  Climate  Change 
(IPCC) — considered  the  authoritative  source 
for  climate-change  predictions — which  takes 
her  all  over  the  globe. 


the  current  state  of  knowledge  about  cli- 
mate change — a  four-volume  report  that 
was  six  years  in  the  making  and  included 
the  work  of  scientists  from  more  than  130 
countries.  The  report's  take-home  message 
is  that  the  observed  changes  in  climate  over 
the  past  fifty  years  are  "very  likely"  due  to 
greenhouse  gas  emissions  from  human  ac- 
tivities. "Very  likely"  is  what  Hegerl  calls  a 
statistical  qualifier,  because  the  scientific 
determination,  as  strong  as  it  is,  can't  be 
considered  100  percent  certain.  (Remem- 
ber, even  evolution  is  referred  to  as  theory, 
despite  the  fact  that  biologists  see  it  as  the 
foundation  of  the  work  they  do.) 

Hegerl  says  that  her  role  as  a  scientist  is 
to  provide  information  to  the  public;  it  is  up 
to  the  public  to  decide  which  consequences 
are  acceptable.  A  self-described  optimist  by 
nature,  she  thinks  that  the  public's  will  to 
act — regulation,  legislation,  changes  in  in- 


ture,  like  offshore  drilling,  that  provides 
them — as  long  as  there  are  "tithes  paid  and 
horse  trades  made,"  he  says.  These  tithes 
and  trades  might  include  money  given  to 
support  production  of  alternative  fuels  or 
educational  programs  and  scholarships  fund- 
ed by  energy  companies  in  states  where  fos- 
sil-fuel infrastructure  is  built. 

"It  takes  time  to  rewire  the  energy  econo- 


I  wasn't  able  to  interview  Hegerl  that  day 
because  she  was  in  Hawaii  as  part  of  a  panel 
about  changes  in  climate  extremes.  Later, 
by  phone,  she  tells  me  that  she  recognizes 
the  irony  of  flying  all  over  the  globe  to  cli- 
mate-change meetings  in  emissions-spew- 
ing, fossil-fuel-swilling  jets.  Hegerl  was  a 
lead  author  of  the  IPCC  4th  Assessment 
Report  (2007),  a  comprehensive  picture  of 


dividual  behavior — seems  to  be  increasing. 
Crowley,  on  the  other  hand,  tells  me,  "I  am 
never  optimistic  but  veer  between  being  hope- 
ful and  pessimistic."  Walking  back  to  Old 
Chem,  coffee  in  hand,  he  explains  that  pre- 
dictions about  climate  change  have  changed 
very  little  in  the  past  twenty-five  years.  "We 
can  predict  a  range  of  warming  scenarios, 
depending  on  different  population  and  emis- 


July-August  2007 


35 


V'l.ff 


ea-level  rise  is  one  of  the  most  dramatic  consequences  of  a  warming  climate.  Carbon  dioxide 
(CCy  and  other  greenhouse  gases  trap  solar  radiation  that  re-radiates  from  the  Earth's 
surface,  warming  the  atmosphere.  As  average  air  and  sea  temperatures  rise,  ice  masses  melt, 
raising  the  sea  level  in  the  world's  oceans.  Sea-level  rise  and  intensifying  storm  activity — 
another  demonstrable,  but  less  predictable,  result  of  global  warming — will  have  a  profound  effect  on 
the  shape  of  coastlines  around  the  world. 

Sea  level  has  been  on  the  rise  since  the  end  of  the  last  ice  age,  around  1 8,000  years  ago.  The  rate  of 
that  sea-level  rise,  which  had  been  highly  variable  for  much  of  this  interglacial  period,  slowed  markedly 
about  6,000  years  ago  and  stayed  that  way  until  the  coming  of  industrialization.  According  to  Brad 
Murray,  associate  professor  of  geomorphology  and  coastal  processes,  the  current  rate  of  sea-level  rise  is 
about  double  what  it  was  a  century  ago,  and  we  can  expect  it  to  double  again  by  the  end  of  this  century. 

Murray  is  a  geologist  and  a  modeler  who  specializes  in  coastal  processes — erosion,  accretion,  and 
other  causes  of  changes  in  shorelines.  He  leads  a  five-person  team  that  is  developing  a  model  of  "large- 
scale  coastal  behavior"  (changes  on  scales  greater  than  kilometers  or  years)  on  the  Carolina  coasts. 

The  larger  model  integrates  natural  physical  processes  and  human  behavior.  One  important  compo- 
nent is  a  dynamic  economic  model  of  the  way  in  which  decisions  about  coastal  management  are  made, 
which  is  where  Duke  resource  economist  Marty  Smith  and  marine  policy  specialist  Michael  Orbach  come 
in.  Joseph  Ramus,  a  coastal  ecologist  at  Duke,  and  Thomas  Crowley,  a  modeler  of  past  climates,  round 
out  the  interdisciplinary  powerhouse. 
Coastal  communities  have  tried  all  sorts  of  things  to  stabilize  shorelines.  In  the  face  of  rising  sea  level 
and  intensifying  storm  activity,  efforts  to  fortify 
our  coasts  are  sure  to  increase.  Murray's  models  of 
sandy  shorelines  like  those  found  along  the  coasts 
of  North  and  South  Carolina  suggest  that  human 
activities  do  as  much  to  shape  the  shoreline  as  nat- 
ural drivers  like  storms  and  sea-level  change. 

"Heavily  developed  coastlines  are  a  new  kind  of 
system  in  that  they're  driven  by  both  natural  and 
human  [factors],"  says  Murray.  Seawalls,  the  most 
drastic  means  of  armoring  a  shoreline,  have  been 
prohibited  on  North  Carolina  beaches  since  the  late 
1970s,  thanks  largely  to  the  work  of  iconic  Duke 
geologist  Orrin  Pilkey.  Beach  renourishment — the 
expensive  process  of  bringing  in  sand  from  remote 
sources  like  offshore  bars  or  inland  pits — is  the 
principal  form  of  shoreline  manipulation  here. 

Beach  renourishment  has  become  such  a  funda- 
mental part  of  shoreline  management  in  the 
Carolinas  that  Murray  and  his  colleagues  treat  it  as 
an  intrinsic  part  of  the  model.  "Actual  physical 
changes  affect  decisions  to  nourish,  and  nourish- 
ment projects  affect  the  physical  coastline,"  says 
Murray.  "This  coupling  creates  the  possibility  for 
nonlinear  feedback  loops  that  involve  both  human 
and  natural  dimensions." 

The  team's  preliminary  work  suggests  direct 
interactions  between  widely  separated  parts  of  the 
coast:  As  repeated  renourishment  changes  the 
shoreline  orientation  in  one  location,  adjacent 
stretches  of  coastline  are  affected.  Changes  in  these 
adjacent  shorelines  in  turn  influence  the  shape  of 
regions  further  removed  from  the  original  project. 
Murray  and  his  colleagues  hope  that  by  broaden- 
ing the  scales  over  which  coastal-management 
decisions  are  considered,  their  work  will  help  poli- 
cy makers  avoid  surprises. 

—Jeffrey  Pollack 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


mutk,'$c#sj|p 
Be  r  n  ha  rd  t^ass  i  stiof 

professor  of  biology. 
This  organic  matter, 


when  compressed 

over  eons,  becomes 

fossil  fuels. 


sion  scenarios,  which  is  the  sociological  com- 
ponent of  climate  science,"  he  says.  "If  we 
take  the  median  value  in  that  range  of  pre- 
dictions, our  climate  will  be  warmer  at  the 
end  of  this  century  than  it  has  been  in 
between  five  and  twenty  million  years." 

There  is  no  way,  Crowley  says,  to  explain 
twenty-first-century  climate,  with  its  Arctic 
sea  ice  retreat,  summertime  rivers  on  the 
Greenland  Ice  Sheet,  and  polar  bears  drown- 
ing for  want  of  floating  way  stations,  with- 
out factoring  in  the  greenhouse  gases  that 
we've  released  into  the  atmosphere. 

Wl  I  I  I  8  ITI  Schlesinger's  of- 
fice is  a  sophisticated,  airy  space 
designed  for  receiving  impor- 
tant people.  A  few  months  after 
our  interview,  I  learned  that  Schlesinger 
would  soon  have  new  digs,  as  he  announced 
that  he  would  be  leaving  his  post  as  dean  of 
Duke's  Nicholas  School  of  the  Environment 
and  Earth  Sciences  this  summer  to  lead  the 
Institute  for  Ecosystem  Studies,  a  world- 
renowned  ecological  research  organization 
in  Millbrook,  New  York. 
I  have  come  to  Dean  Schlesinger  looking 


'*%'*$£&&'. 


f'3i>:'i^ 


•        - 


for  the  grown-up  version  of  the  mantra  of 
every  eighth-grade  science  teacher:  Carbon 
is  the  building  block  of  life.  "There  is  no  life 
on  Earth  that  doesn't  have  carbon  in  it," 
Schlesinger  says.  Carbon — one  of  ninety-two 
natural  elements  on  Earth  and  No.  6  on  the 
Periodic  Table  of  Elements — has  a  high  va- 
lence, so  atoms  of  other  elements  tend  to 
stick  to  it  and  form  more  complex  structures. 

Wood,  limestone,  diamonds,  and  carbon 
dioxide,  while  bearing  no  outward  physical 
similarity,  all  comprise  carbon.  I  wonder 
aloud:  How  could  it  be  that  a  principal  build- 
ing block  of  our  planet  is  at  the  heart  of  our 
global  climate  crisis?  Schlesinger  chastises 
me  for  not  taking  his  course  on  biogeo- 
chemistry  and  then  begins  to  explain  the 
movement  of  carbon  between  the  Earth,  at- 
mosphere, and  ocean — a  subject  that  he 
knows  as  well  as  anyone  on  the  planet. 

"With  regard  to  mass,  the  Earth  has  been 
pretty  constant  for  three  billion  years,"  he 
says.  When  the  Earth  was  just  a  coalescing 
ball  of  gases  and  ice,  it  was  endowed  with  a 
certain  amount  of  carbon.  In  the  early  stages 
of  the  planet's  development,  all  of  that  car- 
bon was  in  the  mantle,  the  thick  bulk  of  our 
planet  that  is  between  its  innermost  core 
and  its  thin  outer  crust.  A  period  of  intense 
volcanic  eruptions  redistributed  some  of  the 
carbon  to  the  atmosphere,  in  the  form  of 
CO2;  when  the  planet  cooled  enough  for 
the  oceans  to  form,  some  of  that  CO2  dis- 
solved into  the  water. 

Schlesinger  walks  over  to  a  bookshelf  and 
retrieves  a  copy  of  Biogeochemistry :  An  An- 


alysis of  Global  Change,  a  textbook  that  he 
wrote,  and  flips  to  a  diagram  of  the  carbon 
cycle.  Curved  arrows  of  various  sizes  create 
a  series  of  closed  loops  between  the  Earth, 
oceans,  and  atmosphere — each  a  natural 
reservoir  for  carbon  that  serves  as  both  a 
source  of  and  a  sink  for  carbon  from  the 
other  reservoirs.  The  size  of  each  arrow  re- 
flects the  amount  of  carbon  transferred  from 
each  source  to  each  sink;  in  most  cases,  the 
arrows  coming  in  and  going  out  are  the 
same  size,  indicating  a  balanced  transfer. 

The  diagram  also  depicts  a  source  of  car- 
bon that  is  unbalanced  by  an  opposing  ar- 
row. In  the  150  years  since  the  Industrial 
Revolution,  humans  have  been  making  a 
one-way  contribution  of  carbon  to  the  at- 
mosphere. Carbon — in  the  form  of  coal, 
shale,  and  oil — is  naturally  locked  up  in  the 
Earth's  crust,  where  it  would  stay  for  hun- 
dreds of  millions  of  years  if  not  removed  and 
burned  by  humans. 

Schlesinger  explains  that  each  year, 
around  the  world,  we  release  around  seven 
gigatons — seven  billion  metric  tons — of 
carbon  into  the  atmosphere,  mainly  by 
burning  fossil  fuels.  That  carbon  in  the  form 
of  gaseous  CO2 — along  with  water  vapor, 
methane,  and  other  greenhouse  gases — 
traps  infrared  radiation  from  the  sun  that, 
in  turn,  reradiates  from  the  Earth's  surface 
and  warms  the  planet. 

In  comparison  with  the  90  or  so  gigatons 
of  carbon  each  that  terrestrial  ecosystems 
and  the  world's  oceans  contribute  to  the 
atmosphere  each  year,  our  paltry  seven  giga- 


tons— roughly  1  percent  of  the  CO:  cur- 
rently in  the  atmosphere — are  pennies  in 
the  global  carbon  budget.  But  unlike  the 
natural  sources,  our  contribution  is  not  off- 
set by  a  corresponding  sink — at  least  not 
entirely.  As  Lozier  explained,  the  oceans 
are,  for  the  moment,  doing  more  than  their 
share  by  assimilating  up  to  40  percent  of  the 
carbon  byproducts  of  our  daily  lives. 

The  IPCC  projects  that  our  annual  con- 
tribution of  carbon  could  be  15  gigatons  per 
year  or  higher  by  2050  if  the  world  contin- 
ues to  consume  fossil  fuels  at  current  rates. 

Schlesinger's  distillation  of  the  issue  is 
basic  and  pragmatic:  "We  can  decrease  our 
emissions  or  try  to  increase  natural  uptake, 
either  by  increasing  plant  growth  or  de- 
creasing decomposition,  which  would  pro- 
duce a  net  storage  of  carbon  on  land."  Be- 
cause absorbing  part  of  our  seven  gigatons 
of  carbon  into  natural  pathways  between 
sources  and  sinks  would  mean  a  relatively 
small  change  to  the  system,  scientists  con- 
template assorted  schemes  for  enhancing 
carbon  uptake  by  natural  systems.  No  one 
knows  for  sure  how  much  of  the  unbalanced 
carbon  will  be  taken  up  by  oceans  and  other 
natural  carbon  sinks  before  we  see  funda- 
mental changes  in  those  systems,  although 
several  Duke  faculty  members  are  working 
to  find  out.  Pencil  in  hand,  I  thumb  through 
the  Nicholas  School's  Experts  Guide,  the 
"reporters'  handbook"  to  the  school's  "facul- 
ty expertise,"  and  plot  my  trip  around  the 
carbon  cycle  via  waypoints  in  the  school  of 
the  environment. 


July-August  2007 


37 


w 


Gt  I  8  nCl  Shave  long 

been  recognized  as  carbon  sinks. 
In  fact,  we  owe  our  modern- 
day  supply  of  fossil  fuels  to  the 
wetlands  that  abounded  in  the  Carbonif- 
erous Period. 

"Wetlands  accumulate  muck,"  says  Emily 
Bernhardt,  assistant  professor  of  biology. 
Under  the  anaerobic  conditions  that  result 
from  standing  water  and  saturated  sedi- 
ment, there  is  little  decomposition  of  that 
muck  by  microbes,  which  means  that  car- 
bon-rich organic  matter  accumulates.  This 
organic  matter,  when  compressed  over  eons, 
becomes  fossil  fuels. 

Bernhardt  and  her  colleagues  have  just 
begun  to  track  the  restoration  of  Timberlake 
Farms,  a  4,000-acre  site  in  the  coastal  plain 
of  North  Carolina  that  includes  wetlands 
that  were  drained.  A  quarter  of  the  site  was 
actively  farmed  until  two  years  ago.  Now 
that  the  pumps  have  been  turned  off,  the 
site  will  slowly  return  to  its  natural  state.  As 
this  massive  restoration  project  progresses, 
Bernhardt  and  her  team  will  measure  the 
net  flux  of  three  greenhouse  gases — meth-  '; 
ane,  nitrous  oxide,  and  COz — out  of  the  soil, ; 
to  monitor  the  farmland's  transition  back  | 
into  wetlands:  How  it  happens  and  how  long  ! 
it  takes,  among  other  things.  While  Bern- 
hardt expects  the  site  to  be  a  source  of  meth- 
ane and  nitrous  oxide  in  the  short  term,  it 
will  become  a  carbon  sink  as  the  site  returns 
to  its  natural  state  over  the  coming  decades. 

In  addition  to  working  at  Timberlake  Farms, 
Bernhardt  is  among  a  handful  of  Nicholas 
School  researchers  conducting  experiments 
at  the  Free  Air  Carbon  Dioxide  Enrich- 
ment (FACE)  site  in  Duke  Forest  to  deter- 
mine how  forest  ecosystems  will  respond  to 
elevated  levels  of  atmospheric  CO2.  Robert 
Jackson,  one  of  Bemhardt's  colleagues  in 
the  Nicholas  School  and  head  of  the  school's 
Center  on  Global  Change,  is  also  an  inves- 
tigator in  the  FACE  experiments. 

The  diversity  of  Jackson's  work  is  cap- 
tured in  the  titles  of  three  of  the  books  he's 
written:  Methods  in  Ecosystem  Science,  a  text- 
book; The  Earth  Remains  Forever,  a  compel- 
ling case  for  environmental  stewardship 
aimed  at  a  broad  audience;  and  Animal  Mis- 
chief, an  illustrated  book  of  children's  poems. 

Jackson  has  a  natural,  easygoing  manner; 
he  is  wearing  a  well-worn  black  T-shirt  be- 
neath a  blue,  short-sleeve  linen  shirt.  An 
oversized  spider  hanging  high  above  a  cor- 
ner of  his  office  that  is  devoted  to  his  three 
sons'  artwork  and  a  black  wig  on  his  desk 
hint  at  the  playfulness  that  is  part  of  Jack- 
son's hopeful  world  view. 


Bfc^— ^w^H      ^C ^1  ^H   - 


Conversation  about  climate  change  quickly 
broadens  to  other  issues:  air  and  water  qual- 
ity, balance  of  trade,  national  security,  ener- 
gy security.  Jackson  is  quick  to  point  out 
that  the  concept  of  "greenhouse  gases"  is 
not  new:  Joseph  Fourie  coined  the  term  in 
the  1820s,  and  scientists  knew  as  early  as 
the  1890s  that  we  would  eventually  warm 
the  planet  if  we  continued  to  burn  wood, 
coal,  and  other  sources  of  carbon. 

Jackson  thinks  we  could  see  an  atmos- 
pheric CO2  concentration  of  700  parts  per 
million — nearly  double  the  present  concen- 
tration— by  the  end  of  this  century  if  we  con- 
tinue with  business  as  usual.  Jackson  and 
Schlesinger  did  some  calculations  to  see 
whether  planting  forests  could  be  the  solu- 
tion to  our  runaway  emissions — when  plants 
take  up  CO2  for  photosynthesis,  some  of  the 
carbon  gets  locked  in  their  tissues. 

"We  would  need  100  million  acres  of  for- 
est to  offset  10  percent  of  our  annual  fossil- 
fuel  emissions  in  this  country  alone,"  Jack- 
son says.  That  amount  of  land  is  simply  un- 
available, and  the  water  and  fertilizer  needed 
to  support  those  forests  would  create  a  sepa- 
rate suite  of  environmental  problems,  he  adds. 
What's  more,  forests  provide  only  a  short-term 
holding  tank  for  CO2.  it  is  released  when 
the  trees  die  and  decompose  or  are  burned. 


At  an  experimental  site  in  Duke  Forest 
that  is  part  of  the  FACE  project,  Duke  sci- 
entists have  set  up  eight  experimental  "rings" 
around  sections  of  forest.  Air  containing  an 
elevated  concentration  of  CO2 — 575  parts 
per  million,  about  200  ppm  more  than  the 
concentration  in  the  surrounding  forest — is 
blown  into  four  of  the  rings;  the  remaining 
four  serve  as  the  controls  in  the  experiment. 

Gravel  crunches  under  the  tires  of  Jack- 
son's hybrid  Honda  Civic  as  we  park  next  to 
three  massive  blocks  of  silver  metal  coils, 
each  over  twenty  feet  tall.  These  heat-ex- 
change coils  convert  liquid  CO: — about  one 
tanker  truck  full  a  day — to  its  gaseous  form. 

I  follow  Jackson  onto  the  forest  trail. 
Gusts  of  wind  swirl  red  and  orange  fall  leaves 
over  a  bed  of  brown  pine  needles.  At  Ring 
4,  a  blower  wails  welcome  from  inside  a  red 
wooden  shed.  A  black,  corrugated  plastic  pipe 
carrying  air  laden  with  extra  CO2  snakes 
out  of  the  shed  and  forms  the  border  of  the 
experimental  ring.  Every  twelve  feet,  white 
PVC  pipes,  with  holes  drilled  on  one  side, 
jut  skyward  out  of  the  black  ring.  A  compu- 
ter-controlled system  measures  wind  direc- 
tion and  releases  the  gas  on  the  side  of  the 
ring  that  will  ensure  optimal  exposure  for  the 
trees  inside.  According  to  Jackson,  the  pipes 
have  to  be  extended  up  about  a  foot  a  year 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


to  keep  up  with  the  growth  of  the  twenty- 
five-year-old  loblolly  pines  inside  the  ring. 

Inside  Ring  4,  experimental  equipment 
litters  the  ground  and  hangs  from  tree  trunks 
— researchers  measure  just  about  everything 
imaginable  relating  to  carbon,  nitrogen, 
and  water  inside  the  rings.  Jackson  and  the 
other  Duke  researchers  collect  fallen  leaves 
and  small  branches  in  "litter  traps" — framed 
screens  of  fine  mesh  that  are  suspended  just 
off  the  forest  floor — and  estimate  tree  pro- 
ductivity by  measuring  biomass  (weight), 
leaf  area,  and  tissue  chemistry.  They  meas- 
ure tree  growth  just  as  their  predecessors  did 
in  the  early  days  of  forestry  science,  with 
metal  dendrometer  bands  that  encircle  the 
tree  trunks  and  expand  as  they  grow.  They 
core  into  the  ground  to  measure  the  chemi- 
cal composition  of  the  soil  and  tree  roots. 

Jackson  and  his  students  have  found  sig- 
nificant increases  in  soil  CO2,  which  has  im- 
plications for  soil  chemistry,  because  the  soil 
will  become  more  acidic  as  the  CO2  concen- 
tration increases.  The  roots  of  trees  exposed 
to  elevated  levels  of  CO2  show  a  30  percent 
increase  in  the  biomass  of  their  roots;  the 
roots  are  a  site  of  continuous  respiration 
(the  breakdown  of  sugar  and  oxygen  to 
yield  CO2,  water,  and  energy)  so  more  roots 
means  more  CO2  building  up  in  the  soil. 


"We  would  need  100  million  acres  of 
forest  to  offset  10  percent  of  our 
annual  fossil-fuel  emissions  in  this 
country  alone,"  Robert  Jackson  says. 


Carbon  cycle:  The  annual  flux  of  CO2  in  GigaTons  (Gt)  or  billions  of  tons  between 
each  of  the  Earth's  reservoirs.  Each  reservoir  serves  as  both  a  source  of  and  a 
sink  for  carbon,  as  indicated  by  opposing  arrows.  The  carbon  released  by  burning 
fossil  fuels  is  an  unbalanced  contribution  to  the  global  carbon  budget.  The  total 
contribution  of  carbon  from  the  burning  of  fossil  fuels  has  increased  from  5.5  Gt 
to  between  7  and  8  Gt  since  this  diagram  was  published  in  2003. 


July-August  2007 


Plants  have  a  fixed  ratio  of  carbon  to  ni- 
trogen in  their  tissues,  which  means  that  in 
order  for  plants  to  take  up  extra  carbon, 
additional  nitrogen  must  also  be  available. 
Jackson  and  his  colleagues  report  that,  in 
the  absence  of  additional  fertilizers,  the 
trees  in  the  FACE  experiment  exhibit  only 
a  modest  increase  in  CO2  uptake.  About 
two  years  ago,  during  year  nine  of  the  exper- 
iment, the  researchers  began  fertilizing  each 
of  the  experimental  rings  with  ammonium 
nitrate  in  a  concentration  comparable  to 
what  a  farmer  might  use. 

At  another  research  site  in  Texas,  Jack- 
son tests  the  response  of  native  grasses  to 
ancient  climate  conditions  and  has  found 
that  the  increased  CO:  uptake  by  green 
plants  slows  over  time,  even  if  the  ambient 
CO2  concentration  continues  to  rise.  Some 
scientists  think  an  atmospheric  CO:  con- 
centration of  around  500  ppm — predicted 
by  the  IPCC  by  the  middle  of  this  century  ^ 
— may  be  an  ecological  tipping  point  based  f 
on  the  level  of  associated  global  warming.  S 
What's  more,  this  projection  assumes  a  mas-  " 
sive  assimilation  of  our  CO:  burden  by  ter- 
restrial systems.  Jackson's  work  will  help 
determine  if  we  are  overestimating  the  ca- 
pacity of  forests  and  grasslands  to  keep  pace 
with  our  emissions. 

I'm  starting  to  realize  that  while  planting 
trees  (and  cutting  fewer  of  them)  must  be 
part  of  a  holistic  plan  to  stabilize  the  cli- 
mate, carbon  sequestration  by  forests — or 
wetlands,  for  that  matter — will  never  be  a 
silver-bullet  solution.  The  trendy,  conscience- 
salving  practice  of  buying  carbon  offsets — 
in  the  form  of  trees  planted  in  a  far-off  land, 
for  example — for  $20  a  year  over  the  In- 
ternet is  not  nearly  enough  to  pay  penance 
for  miles  driven  in  a  Chevy  Suburban. 

One  hundred *«* 
miles  east-southeast  of  Duke  Forest, 
at  the  Duke  University  Marine  Lab 
in  Beaufort,  North  Carolina,  a 
Duke  biologist  of  a  different  sort  is  explor- 
ing the  sequestration  capacity  of  our  biggest 
natural  sink  for  carbon.  The  blue  star  tat- 
too, primitive  and  fading,  is  one  of  the  first 
things  I  notice  when  Dick  Barber  greets  me. 
I  remember  pondering  the  mystery  of  that 
tattoo  from  a  front-row  seat  in  Barber's  class 
years  before.  Not  normally  a  front-row  type 
of  student,  I  made  an  exception  because  I 
didn't  want  to  miss  any  of  the  profundi- 
ties— often  as  easily  missed  as  they  were  in- 
sightful— that  Barber  was  bound  to  offer 
during  each  class. 

"In  our  culture,  people  are  either  doers  or 


understanding  of  the 
three  key  elements- 
science,  politics, 
and  economics- 
needed  to  address 
global  warming, 
says  Richard  Barber. 
Political  will  is  the 
missing  ingredient. 


thinkers,"  says  Barber,  early  into  our  con- 
versation. It's  clear  from  the  way  he  asks 
questions  that  he  is  a  thinker  and  is  eager  to 
find  out  which  of  the  two  I  am.  Before  even 
flirting  with  the  subject  of  my  visit,  we  talk 
for  over  two  hours,  in  large  part  about  my 
work  as  a  coastal  field  biologist  in  Saudi 
Arabia,  where  I  documented  the  impact  of 
the  oil  spilled  during  the  first  Gulf  War.  My 
work  in  Saudi — counting  species,  making 
observations,  and  formulating  hypotheses 
to  explain  what  I  saw — had  been  science  of 
the  purest  sort.  Barber  laments  contempo- 
rary scientists'  emphasis  on  data  and  meth- 


ods over  pure  observation — a  surprising 
sentiment  since  biological  oceanography, 
Barber's  specialty,  is  among  the  most  quan- 
titative fields  of  marine  science. 

On  climate  change,  Barber  is  not  sure  we 
have  "the  wit"  to  work  some  of  the  issues  out, 
even  though  he  is  convinced  that  we  have 
the  technological  capacity  and  fundamen- 
tal understanding  of  the  three  key  elements 
— science,  politics,  and  economics.  In  his 
mind,  political  will  is  the  missing  ingredient. 

Barber,  like  Jackson,  Crowley,  and  nearly 
all  of  the  other  Duke  professors  I've  spoken 
to  about  climate  change,  brings  up  nuclear 
power.  Even  energy  experts  disagree  about 
the  potential  for  nuclear  power  to  supplant 
fossil  fuels.  But  Barber  describes  the  prevail- 
ing public  sentiment  against  the  use  of 
nuclear  power  as  "emotional  and  irra- 
tional," based  on  fear  rather  than  on  a  real 
understanding  of  risk.  I  get  the  sense  that 
Barber  would  rather  see  us  build  well- 
designed,  secure  nuclear  power  plants,  for 
example,  than  coal-fired  ones.  (As  Jackson 
told  me,  energy  from  burning  coal  con- 
tributes to  at  least  10,000  deaths  a  year  in 
this  country.)  But  he  acknowledges  his  own 
hang-ups,  among  them  addressing  the  real 
cost  of  waste  storage  in  places  like  Yucca 
Mountain.  He  points  out  that  while  his 
reactions  may  be  strong — "violent,"  he  says 
— they  are  rational,  and  he  recognizes  that 
we  have  the  capacity  to  address  them. 
"Yucca  Mountain  is  such  a  small  risk  rela- 
tive to  other  risks.  The  real  issue  is  whether 
the  world  is  going  to  be  a  livable  place,  and 


40 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Yucca  Mountain  is  not  even  in  the  same 
ballpark  as  the  danger  we  face  from  Iran." 

Even  though  we  need  a  wholesale  energy 
alternative  to  stabilize  our  climate,  Barber 
says,  he's  convinced  that  the  use  of  nuclear 
power  will  never  be  a  part  of  the  discussion. 
He  recalls  a  meeting  of  the  American  Asso- 
ciation for  the  Advancement  of  Science  fif- 
teen years  ago,  when  Chinese  delegates 
asked  for  help  developing  nuclear  power 
instead  of  coal,  which  they  knew  was  envi- 
ronmentally detrimental.  All  but  one  of  the 
U.S.  panelists  pushed  for  coal. 

"It  is  a  complex  crisis,"  Barber  says.  "Nu- 
clear power  and  global  warming  are  the  two 
things  'environmentalists'  hate,  and  the 
evidence  is  that  they  think  nuclear  [power] 
is  the  real  threat,  because  that  is  what  they 
demonstrate  against." 


John  Martin,  a  close  friend  and  colleague  of 
Barber  who  died  right  before  the  1993 
cruise,  had  hypothesized  that  the  settling  of 
iron-rich  dust  would  have  stimulated  phy- 
toplankton  growth  in  parts  of  the  ocean 
where  other  requisite  nutrients — nitrogen, 
phosphorus,  and  silicate — were  abundant, 
but  iron  was  in  short  supply.  Photosynthesis 
by  this  phytoplankton,  Martin  speculated, 
would  have  pulled  enough  CO:  out  of  the 
atmosphere  to  minimize  the  greenhouse 
effect,  keeping  our  planet  cool. 

During  both  of  the  "Iron-X"  experiments, 
and  during  a  third  experiment  in  the 
Southern  Ocean  in  2002,  Barber  and  the 
other  researchers  spread  a  half  ton  of  iron 
dust  over  86  square  mile  sections  of  ocean. 
It  worked.  The  ensuing  phytoplankton  bloom 
drew  a  measurable  amount  of  CO:  out  of 


ocean  ecosystems.  He  recalls  that  John  Mar- 
tin once  said  that  the  no-action  scenario  is 
much  more  destructive  than  any  of  the 
solutions  on  the  table.  Martin  argued  that 
those  objecting  to  ocean  fertilization  on 
moral  grounds  were  passively  advocating  for 
harm  under  the  status  quo. 

The  issue  of  iron  fertilization  has  reached 
a  critical  stage  because  of  two  U.S. -based  cor- 
porations, Planktos  Inc.  and  its  competitor, 
Green  Sea  Venture  Inc.  Both  are  staffed  with 
world-class  oceanographers,  and  Planktos  is 
rumored  to  have  approached  the  World  Bank 
for  a  $1  billion  loan  to  support  ocean  fertil- 
ization. Barber  and  two  of  his  former  gradu- 
ate students  from  Duke  have  worked  with 
Green  Sea  Venture  to  provide  plans  for  a 
test  fertilization. 

Barber — the  big  picture  always  in  focus — 


Barber  is  someone  with  whom  I  could 
talk  about  politics  and  social  issues  all  day 
long,  but  this  day  is  quickly  slipping  by,  so  I 
push  the  conversation  toward  the  subject  of 
his  work  as  a  scientist.  In  1993  and  1995, 
Barber  was  a  principal  investigator  on  re- 
search cruises  to  the  Equatorial  Pacific  to 
test  the  idea  that  fertilizing  patches  of  the 
ocean  with  iron  would  stimulate  the  growth 
of  microscopic  plants  called  phytoplankton. 
Scientists  know  that  18,000  years  ago,  be- 
fore the  last  ice  age,  our  atmosphere  was 
around  fifty  times  dustier  than  it  is  today. 


the  air  at  the  sea  surface.  What's  more, 
Barber  and  his  team  found  that  about  half 
of  the  carbon  pulled  out  as  CO:  was  trans- 
ported by  the  sinking  phytoplankton  to 
depths  where  it  would  essentially  be  out  of 
play  for  500  to  1 ,000  years — the  length  of 
time,  as  Lozier  had  told  me,  that  it  takes  the 
ocean  conveyor  to  deliver  it  back  to  the 
ocean's  surface  in  another  part  of  the  globe. 
Barber  says  he  doesn't  feel  that  there  has 
been  any  rational  discussion  of  ocean  fertil- 
ization because  there  are  so  many  ethical  ob- 
jections to  any  large-scale  manipulation  of 


envisions  commercial-scale  iron  fertiliza- 
tion, with  tankers  carrying  1,000  tons  of 
iron  dust  in  a  single  trip,  as  a  way  for  even 
the  smallest  nations  to  share  in  the  market 
opportunity  created  by  engineering  carbon 
sequestration.  Barber  has  no  feel  for  whether 
ocean  fertilization  will  be  in  or  out  of  cli- 
mate-change discussions  in  twenty-five  years, 
but  he's  certain  that  there  will  be  more  ex- 
periments to  test  it  because,  as  he  puts  it, 
"it's  so  goddamned  cheap." 

Barber  corroborates   the   conclusion   I 
reached  after  talking  to  Robert  Jackson: 


July-August  2007 


41 


The  potential  of  enhanced  catbon  seques- 
ttation  by  natutal  systems — forests,  wet- 
lands, and  now  oceans — is  only  a  small  part 
ot  a  balanced  strategy  for  stabilizing  the  cli- 
mate. He  emphasizes  the  role  of  financial 
markets  and  global  politics  and  brings  up 
the  work  of  Duke  law  professor  Jonathan 
Wiener.  Barber  even  suggests,  after  hours  of 
conversation  about  science,  that  these  sub- 
jects might  make  for  a  more  interesting 
story  than  the  details  of  his  own  work.  I  am 
amused  by  the  suggestion — I  could  never 
ignore  his  role  in  some  of  the  most  exciting 
oceanography  experiments  of  this  centu- 
ry— but  I  am  not  surprised  by  Barber's  hu- 
mility about  his  own  contributions.  Then 
again,  when  someone  as  brilliant  as  Dick 
Barber  makes  a  suggestion,  someone  like  me 
takes  it  to  heart.  I  make  plans  for  a  visit  to 
Duke  Law  School. 


n  his  office 


involve  brokers  and  would  even  create  the 
opportunity  for  environmental  interests  to 
purchase  and  retire  pollution  units. 

I  question  the  practicality  of  developing 
reliable  monitoring  methods  based  on  good 
science  for  a  multi-gas  trading  system,  but 
Wiener  points  out  that  monitoring  and  en- 
forcement are  part  of  any  pollution-reduc- 
tion system;  a  trading  system  just  adds  the 
need  for  a  mechanism  for  allocating  and 
tracking  emission  rights. 

Because  there  are  no  hotspots — specific 
places  where  emissions  cause  environmen- 
tal damage — for  CO:  and  other  greenhouse 
gases,  the  net  reduction  in  emissions,  not 
where  those  reductions  occur,  is  what's  im- 
portant. A  system  of  tradable  emissions  cred- 
its spurs  dynamic  innovation  because  play- 
ers compete  to  offer  the  cheapest  reduction 
strategy  so  that  they  can  trade  their  surplus 
capacity.  This,  Wiener  says,  is  a  win-win  for 


nity  cost  of  holding  onto  pollution  rights — 
the  price  that  those  emissions  credits  would 
draw  in  the  marketplace — makes  even  un- 
used pollution  rights  worth  something. 

The  Climate  Stewardship  and  Innova- 
tion Act,  originally  introduced  by  Senators 
Joseph  Lieberman  and  John  McCain,  is  one 
of  three  major  climate-change  bills  current- 
ly on  the  floor  in  Congress.  It  includes  a 
cap-and-trade  system  for  the  six  major  class- 
es of  greenhouse  gases  in  the  U.S.  and  has 
an  entire  section  dedicated  to  the  details  of 
monitoring  and  recording.  Tim  Profeta 
M.E.M.  '97,  J.D.  '97,  director  of  Duke's  bur- 
geoning Nicholas  Institute  for  Environ- 
mental Policy  Solutions,  served  as  counsel 
for  the  environment  for  Senator  Lieberman 
and  was  one  of  the  architects  of  the  bill  in 
its  original  form. 

"Everyone  in  Washington  thinks  it's  most 
cost  effective  to  deal  with  all  six  greenhouse 


at  the  very  end 

I  of  a  very  long  hall,  Jonathan  Wiener 
builds  a  courtroom-caliber  case  for  using 
market-based  strategies  to  address  cli- 
mate change.  He  begins  by  echoing  Schle- 
singer  in  advocating  for  consideration  of  both 
sources  and  sinks  for  greenhouse  gases.  On 
the  shelf,  book  titles  like  Risk!  and  Collapse! 
suggest  that  I  pay  extra  attention. 

Wiener  first  proposed  a  comprehensive 
trading  system  for  greenhouse  gases  while 
working  for  the  Environmental  Division  of 
the  Justice  Department  in  1989.  Our  cur- 
rent "command  and  control"  system  of  reg- 
ulations, largely  unchanged  since  that  time, 
prescribes  specific  means  to  reduce  pollution 
to  target  levels.  The  narrow  regulations  of  this 
type  of  system,  Wiener  explains,  encourage 
the  substitution  of  one  unsustainable  activi- 
ty for  another,  such  as  the  switch  from  coal 
to  natural  gas  or  fossil  fuels  to  ethanol. 

He  proposes  a  "cap-and-trade"  system, 
under  which  the  EPA  would  allocate  a  cer- 
tain number  of  units  of  carbon  emissions  to  8; 
a  company  for  a  set  period  of  time;  the  ini-  = 
tial  allocation  would  probably  be  based  on  3 
the  company's  history  of  pollution.  Com- 
panies that  didn't  use  all  of  their  units  could 
sell  them  to  companies  that  exceeded  their 
own  caps.  That  system  would  give  all  parties 
involved  the  freedom  to  select  their  own 
approach  for  reducing  emissions  and  allow 
them  to  use  the  marketplace  to  fine-tune 
their  individual  pollution  limits.  At  the  end 
of  each  trading  period,  the  established  mon- 
itoring and  enforcement  entity  would  com- 
pare allowances  and  emissions  and  fine  any 
participants  whose  emissions  exceeded 
their  allocation.  This  trading  system  would 


the  economy  and  the  environment. 

Critics  of  pollution  trading,  of  whom 
there  are  fewer  today  than  even  a  few  years 
ago,  thanks  to  the  success  of  the  U.S.  cap- 
and-trade  system  for  acid  rain,  cite  moral 
grounds  for  their  opposition  to  the  notion 
of  granting  the  right  to  pollute.  Yet  it  is  our 
current  regulatory  system,  according  to 
Wiener,  that  gives  a  free  right  to  pollute 
below  the  set  limit.  A  trading  system  makes 
polluters  pay  for  all  units  of  pollution,  be- 
cause what  Wiener  refers  to  as  the  opportu- 


gases  at  once,"  Profeta  tells  me  when  I  call 
him  for  details.  "The  biggest  bang  for  the 
buck  comes  from  reductions  in  non-CO: 
gases,  like  methane  and  the  CFC  [chloro- 
fluorocarbon]  alternatives." 

Profeta's  grasp  of  climate  policy  extends 
beyond  U.S.  borders,  and  he  believes  that 
the  U.S.  must  show  political  and  economic 
leadership  to  inspire  international  partici- 
pation in  the  next  round  of  Kyoto  Protocol 
discussions  in  2009. 

"CO2  has  a  lifespan  of  100  years  in  the  at- 


42 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Weiner:  making  the  case  for  using  market- 
based  strategies  to  address  climate  change  \ 


mosphere.  What's  up  there  now  is  ours. 
What's  going  up  there  now  is  ours  and  In- 
dia's and  China's." 

International  treaties  like  Kyoto  hinge  on 
voluntary  participation  ("the  bedrock  prin- 
ciple of  environmental  treaty  law,"  accord- 
ing to  Wiener),  which  makes  it  critical  that 
would-be  participants  perceive  the  benefits 
of  participating.  "The  Stern  Review,"  a  se- 
minal 700-page  report  released  in  late  2006 
by  the  British  economist  Sir  Nicholas  Stern, 
cites  emissions  trading  as  a  key  element  of 


The  narrow  regula- 
tions of  our  current 
"command  and 
control"  system  of 
regulations  encourage 
the  substitution 
of  one  unsustainable 
activity  for  another, 
such  as  the  switch 
from  coal  to  natural 
gas,  taw  professor 
Jonathan  Wiener  says. 

any  international  effort  to  stabilize  the  cli- 
mate. By  Stern's  analysis,  developing  na- 
tions like  China  and  India  stand  to  gain  5 
percent  or  more  of  their  GDP  by  participat- 
ing in  an  international  trading  system  for 
greenhouse  gases.  The  path  to  an  interna- 
tional climate  treaty  is  imperiled  by  geopo- 
litical issues,  Wiener  notes.  "But  those  issues 
may  also  represent  opportunities."  In  the 
case  of  China,  so  eager  to  be  viewed  as  a  great 
power,  he  is  optimistic  that  the  promise  of  a 
seat  at  the  table  might  inspire  participation. 


66  V I  PI  9  Wiener  s  office,  walk- 
ing back  down  that  long  hallway, 
and  stepping  into  the  sunlight,  I'm 
struck  by  the  gravity  of  what  I've 
learned.  I  returned  to  Duke  in  search  of  the 
finer  points — the  high-resolution  view — of 
climate-change  science.  In  several  days  of 
conversations  with  experts  whose  combined 
knowledge  of  all  things  climate  would  be 
hard  to  find  under  the  roof  of  any  other  sin- 
gle institution,  I  have  traversed  the  bound- 
aries between  academic  disciplines,  between 
political  parties,  between  land  and  sea  and 
sky.  I  have  come  to  understand  how  much  we 
tend  to  make  of  these  boundaries  and,  ulti- 
mately, how  little  they  matter.  And  now,  with 
the  proverbial  forest  back  in  focus,  what  have 
I  learned  from  remapping  my  route  through 
the  trees?  When  we  zoom  out  to  the  big-pic- 
ture view,  the  Google  Earth  vantage,  those 
boundaries  disappear,  and  we  face  a  single 
question:  What  makes  this  a  livable  planet? 
The  "issue"  of  climate  change,  if  this  all- 
encompassing  phenomenon  can  be  described 
as  such,  is  a  pure  illustration — perhaps  one 
of  the  purest  in  human  history — that  we  are 
at  once  a  natural  part  of  the  global  ecology 
and  in  desperate  need  of  means  of  reducing 
our  global  ecological  footprint.  What  is  a 
card-carrying  member  of  humanity  to  do? 
Tread  lightly.  ■ 

Pollack  M.E.M.  '02  is  a  freelance  writer  in 
Corpus  Christi,  Texas,  and  heads  In  Tramlatian, 
a  consulting  entity  specializing  in  bringing 
coastal  environmental  science  to  decision  makers. 

Editor's  note:  Thomas  Crowley  and  Gabriek 
Hegerl  recently  accepted  academic  appointments 
at  the  University  of  Edinburgh. 


July-August  2007 


43 


Each  spring,  dozens  of  students  are 
recognized  for  exceptional  creative  and  aca- 
demic accomplishments.  A  sampling  of 
award-winning  work  illustrates  the  diverse 
talents  and  interests  of  a  select  few. 


iiiiny  wuiMiiUMidit^  me  uiveibe    ^V  I     |\/A 

ents  and  interests  of  a  select  few.   IJ  LJ  V  |VI 

WRITING,  REVl 


J7\\ 


I   orseback  riding  and  writing  have  been  Tracy  Gold's  passions  from  a 
I  young  age,  and  her  writing  is  often  inspired  by  her  experiences  riding. 
I   Gold,  a  rising  sophomore  from  Towson,  Maryland,  attended  Carver 
H   Center  for  Arts  and  Technology,  a  public  magnet  school,  where  she 
concentrated  in  literary  arts.  She  plans  to  major  in  English  and  tentatively  hopes  to  pursue 
a  career  involving  some  combination  of  teaching  and  writing.  Gold  is  this  year's  recipient  of 
the  Academy  of  American  Poets  Prize,  awarded  through  the  English  department  for  a  poem 
or  group  of  poems  by  an  undergraduate. 

"This  poem  originated  from  an  assignment  for  [English  professor] 
Deborah  Pope's  class,  'Writing  and  Memory.'  The  assignment  suggested 
writing  about  a  place.  I  combined  two  places,  as  well  as  my  own  experi- 
ences  with  those  of  a  friend  from  home,  whom  the  poem  is  mostly  about. 
Seeing  (and  smelling)  this  dead  deer,  mutilated  so  mysteriously,  triggered 
memories  of  my  friend's  father's  mysterious  and  traumatic  death.  Though 
I  did  not  always  get  along  with  this  friend,  I  had  grown  up  with  her 
at  the  barn,  and  her  father's  death  changed  not  only  my  relationship 
with  her,  but  my  relationship  with  my  own  father. 

"In  writing  this  poem,  I  was  trying  to  accomplish  what  I  want  in  all 
of  my  poetry — to  give  voice  to  emotions  and  experiences  that  changed 
me,  in  a  way  that  will  allow  readers  to  identify  with  these  emotions  and 
experiences  enough  potentially  to  change  them,  too,  or  at  least  make 
them  think.  Yet,  in  the  initial  stages  of  writing,  my  only  goal  is  to  get 
it  out.  There  are  some  topics  (in  my  opinion,  the  best  topics)  that  give 
me  an  ultimatum:  Write,  or  go  insane.  This  poem  was  inspired  by  one 
of  them." 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


lldCy  UOIQ  Giving  voice  to  emotion 


The  Smell  of  a  Dead  Buck's  Bones 

She  knows  the  smell  of  a  dead  buck's  bones: 

it  is  the  smell  of  burning  leaves; 

of  the  red  jacket  covered  with  white  horse  hair, 

mud  and  sweat; 
of  the  stagnant  water  pooling  in  the  stream 

she's  trotting  by 
when  her  horse  spooks 
at  the  dead  buck. 

Thin  grey  antlers  jut  out  of  his  coated  head, 
crushed  against  his  ribcage. 
His  eyes — still  glassy 
stare  into  the  empty  skeleton. 
His  hind  end  lies  a  few  strides  beyond  his  head, 
legs  spread  out  in  the  pose  of  a  fully  extended  run, 
as  if  his  spine 
split  mid  leap. 

She  knows  the  smell  of  a  dead  buck's  bones: 

it  is  the  leather  of  the  brand  new  Mercury  Mariner 

that  her  father 

shot  himself  in. 

The  bloody  parts  were  replaced 

and  every  day  now,  she  drives  it  to  the  barn 

where  she  rides  through  fields  of 

dead  bucks,  burning  leaves  and  stagnant  water. 

She  doesn't  know  how  he  died; 

Was  he  hit  by  a  car,  left  to  drag  himself  to  the  field, 

almost  reaching  the  forest? 

Did  he  sell  his  liquor  store  only  to  crawl 
from  the  bed  to  the  couch  and  back  again, 
hitting  his  wife  and  screaming  at  his  daughter 
between  drunken  stupors? 
"I  hate  my  father" 
she  would  say, 
before  he  died. 

She  was  quiet,  at  his  funeral: 

the  smell  of  a  dead  buck's  bones, 
burning  leaves,  and  brand  new  leather. 


July-August  2007 


lthough  he  came  to  Duke 
on  a  football  scholarship, 
Corey  Sobel's  pivotal  field 
experiences  have  had 
nothing  to  do  with  athletic  success.  Sobel 
'07  designed  his  own  Program  II  major, 
"Writing  Conflict:  Reporting  International 
and  Ethnic  Violence,"  to  focus  on  the 
intersection  of  philosophy,  political  vio- 
lence, and  journalism. 

Last  summer  Sobel  lived  and  worked  in 
Nakuru,  Kenya,  where  he  wrote  educa- 
tional materials  about  HIV/AIDS  for 
Kenyans  living  with  the  disease.  When  he 
returned  to  campus  in  the  fall  for  his  sen- 
ior year,  Sobel  signed  up  for  a  series  of 
screenwriting  classes.  The  resulting  screen- 
play, WinterSummer,  won  the  Reynolds 
Price  Award  for  Scriptwriting,  given  by 
the  department  of  theater  studies  to  an 
undergraduate  for  the  best  original  script 
for  stage,  screen,  or  television. 

"What  struck  me  the  most  about  Kenya — 
about  HIV  in  Sub-Saharan  Africa  in  gen- 
eral— is  that,  among  all  the  gender  issues 


Excerpt  fromWinterSummer 

FAIRVIEW  HOTEL  LOBBY  Robert  is  trudging  down 
the  front  staircase  with  his  luggage,  hung  over 
from  last  night.  It  is  about  10  a.m. ,  and  the  lob- 
by is  filled  with  people  coming  in  and  going  out. 

He  reaches  the  base  of  the  stairs  and  looks 
around.  He  sees  American  Woman  #1  in  one 
of  the  red  leather  chairs  behind  him.  He  tries  to 
look  away  but  she  catches  his  attention  and 
smiles.  He  has  no  choice  but  to  go  over  and  sit 
in  the  chair  next  to  hers. 

American  Woman  #1  has  her  feet  resting  on 
top  of  several  large  suitcases.  She  is  smiling 
though  exhausted  in  posture.  She  watches 
Robert  take  a  seat. 

American  Woman  #1:  Out  of  Africa,  huh? 

Robert:  (surprised  at  the  allusion)  Yeah. 


She  doesn't  finish  and  exhales  and  looks  at 
Robert  and  smiles. 

American  Woman  #1:  This  is  the  first  time 
I've  been  outside  the  country. 

Robert:  Haven't  been  to  Canada? 

She  laughs  at  this,  not  acknowledging  the 
sarcasm. 

American  Woman  #1:  Do  you  think  about  all 
the  places  we  flew  over,  on  our  way  here? 

Robert  is  baking  down  at  his  lap  and  shakes  his 
head. 


Robert:  That  showed  where  the  plane  was. 

American  Woman  #1:  Oh  yes.  And,  for  the 
eight  hours  from  London  to  Nairobi,  I  did- 
n't watch  a  single  movie.  Not  a  TV  show.  I 
just  watched  the  plane  nudge  over  Europe, 
and  then  over  the  Mediterranean,  North 
Africa.  We  flew  over  France  and  Italy.  Did 
you  look? 

Robert:  I  was  in  the  aisle. 


I  #1:  I'm  sorry  we  didn't 
arrange  to  stay  longer.  It's  a  shame,  all  the 
things  we  couldn't. . . 


I  #1: 1  was  looking  at  the  tele 
vision  screen  in  front  of  me  on  the  plane. 
There  was  the  line... 


I  #1:  (smiling  apologetically) 
My  face  was  pressed  against  that  cold  win- 
dow, and  I  watched  mountains  in  France.  I 
was  amazed,  seeing  them  all  red  and  brown 
and  yellow.  I've  never  thought  of  France  as 
having  these  mountains,  looking  so  bare  in 
the  summer  time. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


r 

i 

r 

. 

and  problems  with  domestic  violence  in 

the  region,  the  most  nefarious  manifesta- 

tion was  when  disloyal  husbands  or  boy- 

^a 

friends  traveled,  became  infected  with  HIV, 

..^a. 

and  then  came  home  and  forced  their 

prr^  ih 

(otherwise  abstinent)  significant  others 
into  having  unprotected  sex.  The  script, 

•Jk 

my  first,  was  a  way  of  considering  this 
kind  of  abuse,  its  implications  for  African 
men,  its  consequences  on  African  women. 
"One  of  the  central  characters  in  the 
play  is  Robert  McCain,  a  twenty-five-year- 
old  American  man  who  has  traveled  with 

K. 

his  church  group  to  Kenya.  There,  he 

1. 

itfijf     1 

meets  Joyce  Odhiambo,  a  young  Kenyan 

woman  whose  husband  died  of  AIDS. 

w 

Joyce  refuses  to  be  tested  and  is  living 

IL> 

with  the  stigma  of  having  had  an  HIV- 

c           W 

positive  husband.  Robert  reintroduces  her 

f 

to  the  possibilities  of  her  life,  and  the  two 

1 

IF       r 

fall  in  love.  But  the  Americans'  time  [in 

^ 

Kenya]  has  run  out,  and  they  have  trav- 

jBr 

eled  to  Nairobi  to  catch  their  flight  back 

K            V 

g  to  the  U.S.  In  this  scene,  Robert  is  con- 

■b-  • 

|  sidering  his  life,  wondering  if  there's  any- 

*(F 

i  thing  worth  returning  to  in  America." 

She  nods. 

American  Woman  #1:  It's  strange  sitting  here, 

knowing  you'll  never  step  foot  on  this  floor 

^^^_ 

^^^^ 

again.  Isn't  that  just  weird? 

A  pair  of  housekeepers  giggle  as  they  walk  by. 
We  can  hear  the  clatter  of  the  nearby  restaurant. 


I  #1: 1  began  to  cry  when  we 
went  over  the  Sahara. 

Robert  is  surprised  by  this,  looks  up  at  the 
woman.  She  is  getting  a  bit  flustered  and  looks 
like  she's  deciding  whether  or  not  she  should  cry. 


I  #1:  And  now  I  can  say  I've 
been  to  Africa.  Everyone  I'll  talk  to  at 
home,  my  kids,  even  my  husband.  They'll 
assume  that  everything  between  America 
and  Kenya,  that  I've  covered  that. 

Robert  is  watching  her  now. 


I  #1:  But  I  haven't  seen  any- 
thing, have  I?  I've  been  to  two  countries  in 


the  world.  I  can  tell  people  I've  seen  the 
Sahara.  But  what  if  they  ask  me  about  it?  I 
can't  tell  them  about  the  heat  or  the  sun  or 
what  I  wore  to  stay  cool.  All  I'll  be  able  to 
talk  about  are  colors,  shapes.  And  my  chil- 
dren will  ask  me  about  Kenya.  And  there, 
well  I'll  tell  them  about  children  with  torn 
clothing  and  food  that  hurt  my  stomach. 
Bottled  water,  animals  I've  dreamed  of  see- 
ing since  I  was  a  little  girl. 

Robert  waits  for  more  but  the  American 
Woman  has  caught  herself.  She  looks  up  at 
him.  She  smiles. 

American  Woman  #1:  I'm  fifty-five.  How  old 
are  you? 

Robert:Twenty-five. 


She  waits  for  Robert  to  respond.  When  he 
doesn't,  she  smiles  and  becomes  quiet.  We  can 
hear  the  chatter  of  American  women  coming 
down  the  stairs. 

American  Woman  #1: 1  just  wish  we'd  arranged 
for  a  few  weeks  longer.  I  know  I'll  be  sitting 
in  the  house,  watching  television.  And  I'll 
start  to  think  about  spending  that  time  here. 
I  know,  it's  just  going  to  make  me  sad,  think- 
ing about  that,  thinking  about  this  place. 

The  American  women  catch  sight  of  American 
Woman  #1  and  Robert  and  head  over.  She  sees 
her  friends  and  sucks  in  her  breath  arid  then 
exhales  in  resignation.  Robert  is  looking  at  her, 
and  she  smiles  and  pats  his  leg  and  stands  to 
meet  the  others.  We  are  left  looking  at  Robert. . . 


July- August  2007         47 


Lydia  Wright 


Firsthand  encounters  with  history 


Excerpt  from  A  Miner's  Education:  Schools  in  the  Coal  Company  Towns  of  Southern  West  Virginia,  J  863-1 933 


While  it  lasted,  coal  company  involvement 
in  school  development  brought  many  posi- 
tive additions  to  the  lives  of  local  residents. 
Company  funds  paid  to  build  many  new 
schoolhouses,  which  were  often  furnished 
with  the  most  modem  equipment  and  facil- 
ities. The  supplementary  salaries  [the  com- 
panies] provided  allowed  school  boards  to 
entice  highly  qualified  teachers  to  work  in 
these  new  schools.  As  both  miners  and 
their  children  learned  to  read  and  write, 
illiteracy  rates  dropped.  Immigrants 


acquired  English-language  skills  in  compa- 
ny-sponsored night  schools,  and  vocational 
education  for  both  young  and  old  helped 
make  coal  mines  safer  places  to  work. 

But  the  positives  on  the  company  school 
ledger  were  balanced  by  the  negatives. 
Because  companies  decided  how  and  when 
to  support  local  schools,  the  educational 
expansion  serviced  the  business  needs  of 
the  industry  as  much  as  the  intellectual 
betterment  of  company  town  residents. 
The  schools'  funding  depended  on  the  coal 


industry's  prosperity,  as  both  direct  compa- 
ny donations  and  taxes  drawn  from  the 
one- industry  economy  fluctuated  with  the 
market.  Company  and  government  officials 
tailored  the  curricula  to  the  particular  con- 
ditions in  the  coal  towns,  equipping  chil- 
dren to  succeed  in  mining,  but  little  else. 
With  such  intricate  connections  to  indus- 
try, local  schools,  like  the  company  towns 
that  they  served,  declined  when  King  Coal 
no  longer  thrived  in  the  West  Virginia 
mountains. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


rowing  up  in  West  Virginia  has  strongly  influenced  Lydia 
Wright  '07.  Her  surroundings  instilled  in  her  a  love  of 
mountains  and  an  unusual  perspective  on  the  issues  of 
the  working  class,  education,  and  oppression.  As  a  his- 
tory major,  she  concentrated  on  modern  America  with  a 
special  focus  on  social  and  labor  history.  Last  summer, 
with  the  help  of  a  Deans'  Summer  Research  Fellowship, 
Wright  was  able  to  travel  to  archives  in  West  Virginia, 
the  District  of  Columbia,  and  Pennsylvania  to  in- 
vestigate a  subject  that  had  sparked  her  interest  in 
history:  education  and  labor  issues  in  West  Virginia's 
coal  company  towns. The  thesis  that  resulted  from  that 
research,  "A  Miner's  Education:  Schools  in  the  Coal 
Company  Towns  of  Southern  West  Virginia,  1863-1933," 
was  awarded  the  LaPrade  prize  by  the  history  depart- 
ment for  best  senior  honors  thesis. 

"The  initial  inspiration  for  this  thesis  came 
from  my  own  experiences  as  a  student  in 
the  public  schools  in  West  Virginia.  As  I 
came  to  understand  the  ways  in  which 
power  and  politics  influence,  and  have 
always  influenced,  the  actions  and  curricu- 
la of  public  schools,  I  reflected  on  my  own 
education.  We  received  two  full  years  of 
West  Virginia  state  history,  in  which  the 
early  twentieth-century  battle  between 
coal  companies  and  union  miners  was  por- 
trayed in  a  decidedly  pro-union  light.  This 
approach  to  historical  teaching  led  me  to 
wonder  how  subjects  such  as  history  and 
government  would  have  been  taught  to 
students  experiencing  those  struggles  in 
the  1910s  and  1920s. 

"I  first  approached  the  subject  with 
many  preconceived  notions  about  what  I 
would  find,  mostly  involving  the  evil  coal 
§  companies  using  education  to  oppress  the 
1  children  of  miners.  As  I  proceeded  with 
S  my  research,  however,  I  found  history  to  be 
|  J  much  more  nuanced  and  complex.  Coal- 
company  actions  were  motivated  by  a  vari- 
ety of  factors,  including  not  only  a  desire  to  produce  a  con- 
tented, obedient  working  class,  but  also  real  pressure  put  on 
them  by  workers  who  wanted  good  schools  for  their  chil- 
dren. In  many  ways,  my  thesis  raises  as  many  questions  as  it 
answers.  But  by  delving  into  the  complicated  world  of  poli- 
tics, education,  and  corporate  power,  the  thesis  attempts  to 
challenge  the  idea  of  schooling  as  isolated  from  the  society 
in  which  the  schools  operate." 


Todd  Hershberger 

Inspiration  for  improvisation 


odd  Hershberger's  Concerto  for 
Free  Improvising  Alto  Saxophonist 
and  Jan  Orchestra  had  its  world 
premiere  this  spring  as  part  of  the 
annual  Milestones  Gala  Concert,  co-sponsored  by 
the  music  departments  of  Duke  and  the  University 
of  North  Carolina  at  Chapel  Hill.The  performance 
featured  the  North  Carolina  Jazz  Repertory  Or- 
chestra and  German  soloist  and  composer  Frank 
Gratkowski,  with  Hershberger  conducting  the  half- 
hour  piece. The  concert  was  the  culmination  of  a 
process  that  had  begun  years  earlier,  when  Hersh- 
berger A.M.  '03,  Ph.D.  '08,  casting  around  for  dis- 
sertation ideas,  heard  Gratkowski  perform  at  a 
small,  now-defunct  club  in  Carrboro,  North  Carolina. 

Hershberger  had  written  music  for  solo  instru- 
ments and  a  variety  of  ensembles,  including  the 
Ben  Adams  Sextet,  the  Lawrence  Chamber  Or- 
chestra, and  several  at  the  University  of  Kansas 
(his  undergraduate  alma  mater).  But  something 
about  Gratkowski's  performance  that  night  cap- 
tured his  imagination. 

Concerto  for  Free  Improvising  Alto  Saxophonist 
and  Jazz  Orchestra  won  the  music  department's 
William  Klenz  Prize  in  Composition.To  listen  to  the 
work,  visit  www.duke.edu/~tbh5. 

"I  was  astounded  at  the  way  Frank's 
approach  to  improvising  combined 
the  traditions  of  avant-garde  jazz  and 
experimental  classical  music,"  says 
Hershberger,  a  bassoonist  who  plays 
locally  with  the  musical  collective 
pulsoptional.  "Over  the  course  of  the 
next  year,  I  became  involved  in  learn- 
ing more  about  the  tradition  of  free 
improvisation — which  is  the  tradition 
that  Frank  does  most  of  his  playing 
within.  On  a  return  trip  to  the  area, 
Frank  invited  me  to  participate  in  a 
recording  session  with  him,  so  when  it 
came  time  to  submit  my  dissertation 
proposal,  I  presented  the  idea  of  writing 
an  original  score"  inspired  by  these 
musical  traditions  in  general,  and  by 
Gratkowski's  work  specifically.  ■ 


July-August  2007 


BY   GREG    VEIS 


With  a  six-figure  advance, 

an  aggressively  brokered 

two-book  deal,  and  media 

buzzsurrounding  his  rapid  rise  to 

fame,  twenty-eight-year-old 

Dana  Vachon  ponders  his  future 

as  the  Next  Big  Thing. 


high-circulation  women's  magazine  inter- 
cepts him.  "We  would  absolutely  love  to  have 
you  write  for  us,"  the  editor  says.  "There  are 
things  you  can  say  in  a  women's  magazine 
that  you  can't  anywhere  else.  We'll  give  you 
that  freedom.  This  will  be  your  space." 

Vachon  smiles  appreciatively,  looks  down 
at  his  feet  for  a  moment,  and  mumbles 
something  about  knowing  all  about  the  op- 
portunities women's  magazines  can  provide 
since  he'd  once  written  a  piece  for  Croatian 
Cosmo.  Then  he  apologizes  for  not  being 
able  to  stay  and  chat  longer  and  moves  on  to 
the  next  group.  These  guys,  banking  friends, 
greet  him  with  a  hearty  "Dooood!"  and  he 
melts  right  into  conversation  with  them. 

Her  advances  gracefully  rebuffed,  the  mag- 
azine editor  turns  and  says,  "What  a  great 
guy!  An  amazing  talent!" 

And  on  and  on  Vachon  goes,  for  hours, 
charming  one  person  after  the  next.  Mc?A 
may  take  wide  swipes  at  the  strange  social 
tics  that  power  modern-day  Manhattan,  but 
Vachon  sure  knows  how  to  navigate  through 
them.  His  is  an  understanding  based  on 
proximity.  That  the  book  can  double  as  a 
compendium  of  high-society  minutiae,  lit- 
tered with  names  of  exclusive  boarding 
schools,  country  clubs,  fashion  labels,  appe- 
tizer sauces,  and  other  collectibles  of  the 
status-phere,  is  hardly  a  surprise.  He  knows 
that  world — and  is  in  a  position  to  skewer 
it — because  he's  of  it. 

He  grew  up  in  Chappaqua,  New  York,  f 
where  the  Clintons  chose  to  set  up  camp,  f 
post-Washington.  Unlike  his  older  brother  £ 


"I  didn't  need  to  read  that  many  of 

his  pieces,"  a  literary  agent  says. 

With  him,  you  read  one  and  you  know  it:  This  guy 

is  a  natural  Writer,  capital  V.'  " 


and  younger  sister,  Vachon  opted  out  of 
boarding  school  and  went  to  the  public 
institution  in  town.  Student-body  presi- 
dent, editor  of  the  newspaper,  straight-A 
student — he  did  pretty  well  there.  And,  in 
his  mind  this  is  important,  public  high 
school  toughened  him  up.  "The  monks  at 
Portsmouth  Abbey  told  my  brother  and  sis- 
ter lots  and  lots  about  their  souls,"  he  says. 
"I  don't  think  they  ever  really  taught  them 
how  to  take  somebody  out.  The  world, 
sadly,  is  not  a  monastery  on  Narragansett 
Bay.  Oh,  that  it  were." 
Then  it  was  off  to  Duke.  He  pledged  Kap- 


pa Sigma  ("they  were  like  a  band  of  Mer- 
cutios"),  wrote  some  humor  columns  for 
The  Chronicle,  and  decided  not  to  care  about 
grades,  or  even  most  of  his  classes.  His  book 
jacket  brags  of  his  graduating  "cum  nihil," 
but  that's  not  all  fair  either:  He  was  a  serious 
student  of  the  subjects  that  appealed  to  him. 
He  spent  many  days  at  the  home  of  classics 
professor  Keith  Stanley — "my  hero,"  he 
calls  him — sipping  wine  and  talking  pas- 
sionately about  God  and  the  inevitable  fall 
of  the  American  empire.  Plus,  Vachon  felt 
as  if  there  were  an  entire  social  education  to 
be  won  at  Duke  just  by  observing. 


"Duke  is  a  flagrantly  mediocre  institution 
in  terms  of  instruction,"  he  says.  "What  you 
got  there  was  an  introduction  to  the  haute 
bourgeoisie.  You  got  kids  from  all  the  best 
places  in  the  country,  and  you  learned  their 
mannerisms,  and  you  learned  their  lingo, 
and  you  learned  what  they  do.  You  had 
friends  whose  parents  were  writers.  You  had 
friends  whose  parents  were  in  banking.  And 
that's  the  function  of  the  American  educa- 
tion system.  Whether  Duke  University 
knows  it  or  not,  it  has  no  interest  in  making 
you  an  enlightened  being.  Its  interest  is  in 
socializing  you." 

In  the  book,  when  his  alter-ego  Tommy 
Quinn  describes  both  the  Westchester  pub- 
lic school  and  college  (Georgetown)  he  at- 
tended as  merely  "decent,"  it's  very  much 
Vachon  talking.  It's  a  point  of  religion  with 
him,  a  belief  so  great  that  it  fuels  his  writ- 
ing, that  his  is  an  outsider's  position  in  the 
world  of  high  society — no  Ivy  League  pedi- 
gree, not  a  big  enough  inheritance  to  retire 
on  at  twenty-two.  There  are  gradations,  and 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


he  wasn't  born  on  the  very  top  one.  So  when 
asked  about  a  reviewer  who  suggested  that 
his  book  was  about  "the  hardship  of  being  a 
rich  person  who  isn't  like  the  other  rich 
people,"  he  seizes  the  opportunity  to  clarify. 
"I  was  very  shocked  that  certain  people 
reading  it  couldn't  see  how  different  Quinn 
was  from  Roger  Thorne,"  he  says  several  weeks 
after  the  critique  appeared  on  "Gawker," 
Manhattan's  most  popular  media  blog. 
"Thome's  got  ten  million  dollars  some- 
where, and  his  father  has  100  million.  Quinn's 
still  privileged,  but  he's  not  like  the  rest  of 
them.  It's  like  one  of  those  tricks  of  perspec- 
tive, right?  Where  I  have  a  point  here  and  a 
point  here" — he's  holding  his  two  index 
fingers  out  parallel  to  the  ground,  one 
slightly  above  the  other — "but  I'm  standing 
so  far  back,  they  begin  to  line  up.  The  more 
bourgeois  you  are,  though,  the  more  you  see 
the  separation,  and  the  more  it  makes  sense. 
Which  is  why  the  book  is  flying  off  the 
shelves  in  Rye  and  Greenwich.  People  read 
it  and  are  like,  'Oh,  this  poor  kid!'  " 


M 


ing  it  i 


ay  2005.  That's  when  the  book 
sold,  and  Dana  Vachon:  Media 
Sensation  was  born.  Before  then, 
he  was  another  Duke  grad  kick- 
:  a  work-all-day  slave  at  a  bank,  basi- 
cally getting  rich.  No  shame  in  that.  His 
father  was  a  portfolio  manager,  and  Vachon 
had  been  working  at  JPMorgan  Chase  for 
about  three  years  at  that  point,  not  count- 
ing his  pre-senior  year  internship.  Problem 
was,  he  hated  it.  Was  as  unhappy  as  he'd  ever 
been.  Couldn't  bear  the  tedium  of  his  duties. 
It  got  so  bad  that  instead  of  studying  spread- 
sheets, he  began  work  on  a  series  of  War- 
hol-inspired portraits  of  his  cubicle-mate. 

"They  were  generally  thought  to  be  ex- 
cellent likenesses,"  he  says. 

But  nothing  cut  the  Wall  Street  blues  for 
Vachon  like  writing.  He  felt  as  if  he  were 
finally  doing  something,  creating,  and  he 
took  to  it  feverishly.  He  landed  a  coveted  Arts 
&  Leisure  feature  in  The  New  York  Times 
about  whether  "a  few  well-placed  bills"  could 
replace  tickets  at  big-name  concerts.  And 
he  published  a  prophetic  piece  about  the 
John  Kerry  campaign  for  The  American  Con- 
servative. He  also  had  his  blog,  which  he 
called  "DNasty"  and  which  fancifully  mish- 
mashed  fiction  together  with  horror  stories 
from  work.  There,  his  gift  for  satire  and  eye 
for  social  absurdity  were  on  full  display,  and 
it  became  an  online  hit  at  just  the  right  time: 
when  the  book  world  was  first  scouring  blogs 
for  talent. 

"The  blog,"  Vachon  once  said,  "didn't 
birth  the  book.  But  it  birthed  David."  Mean- 


Inside  the  M&A  Giant 


Conspiracy  of  the  cosmos  alert:  Another  Duke  graduate 
who  worked  at  JPMorgan  Chase  released  a  book  about 
the  financial  industry  the  same  week  Dana  Vachon  '02 
did.  William  D.  Cohan,  a  former  managing  director  at  the 
bank,  was  even  fired  partly  in  response  to  the  bad  blood  he  shared 


with  one  of  the  people  who  threw  Vachon's  New  York  book  party. 

But  the  coincidences  stop  there;  Cohan  '81  has  written  a  very  different  book  from  M&A.  The  Last  Tycoons: 
The  Secret  History  of  Lazard  Freres&  Co.  is  a  deeply  reported  and  long  (752  pages!)  accounting  of  a  firm  that 
had,  until  now,  done  a  remarkable  job  of  keeping  its  private  history  exactly  that:  private.  Although  Lazard 
essentially  invented  the  mergers  and  acquisitions  business  and  has,  for  generations,  served  as  a  factory  for 
financial  superstars — Andre  Meyer,  Felix  Rohatyn,  Michel  David-Weill,  Steve  Rattner,  and  Bruce  Wasserstein 
foremost  among  them — it  had  managed  to  retain  a  certain  mysteriousness. There  was  a  carefully  cultivated 
aura  to  the  place,  a  sense  that  you  could  never  truly  know  it  unless  you  were  of  it.  And  that's  what  made 
Lazard  such  a  compelling  subject  for  Cohan. 

His  fascination  with  the  firm  developed  in  the  mid-'80s,  when  he  was  completing  his  degree  at  Columbia 
Business  School.  He  had  tried  journalism  for  several  years  before  that,  working  for  The  Raleigh  Times  and  at  a 
small  weekly  in  Salem,  New  York,  but  he  was,  by  his  own  admission,  "one  of  those'change  the  world'journal- 
ists,"  and  he  didn't  find  the  work  fulfilling  enough. 
"I  remember  thinking,  'Why  am  I  writing  about  people?  Why  am  I  not  out  there  doing!'"  he  says. 
So  he  went  for  his  M.B.A.  and  wanted,  more  than  anything,  to  land  a  position  with  Lazard.  He  interviewed, 
and,  like  countless  other  applicants  before  and  since,  he  didn't  receive  so  much  as  a  note  or  phone  call  telling 
him  no.  Then,  two  years  later,  he  interviewed  again  and  got  the  job.  He'd  spend  six  years  there. 

"On  the  one  hand,  it  was  like  a  dream  come  true,"  he  says.  "There  /  was,  with  all  these  famous  people,  all  of 
them  working  on  the  best  deals.  But  on  the  other  hand,  it  was  a  very  hard  place  to  work." 

Cohan  remembers  a  time  when  three  of  his  clients  asked  to  be  introduced  to  Rohatyn,  then  one  of  the  five 
most  famous  bankers  in  the  world.  Cohan  set  the  meeting  up  and  Rohatyn,  full  of  his  usual  bravado,  bounded 
into  the  conference  room  and  shook  Cohan's  hand  as  if  he  were  one  of  the  clients,  seemingly  unaware  that 
Cohan  had  worked  with  him,  in  a  small  office,  for  over  five  years.  Three  months  later,  with  a  different  set  of 
clients,  Rohatyn  made  the  exact  same  mistake. 

That  kind  of  behavior  ultimately  wore  on  Cohan,  who  claims  never  to  have  developed  the  bloodlust  of  oth- 
ers on  Wall  Street.  So  when  he  was  released  from  JPMorgan  Chase  in  early  2004,  he  was  happy  to  return  to  his 
journalistic  roots,  and  devoted  himself  entirely  to  the  book.  He  interviewed  more  than  1 00  people  (including 
all  of  Lazard's  biggies,  except  Wasserstein),  sifted  through  boxes  of  untouched  source  material,  and  ultimately 
wrote  the  definitive  account  of  the  firm — all  in  a  blisteringly  fast  two-year  period. 

The  biggest  scoops  in  the  book — which  is  impressively  not  dry,  considering  the  topic — are  by  turns  tragic 
(Meyer's  heartless  dismissal  of  the  man  who  ensured  his  safe  passage  to  America  during  the  Second  World 
War),  wonky  (how  the  firm  almost  fell  apart  during  the  infamous 
ITT/Hartford  hearings  during  the  Nixon  administration),  and  gos- 
sipy (Rohatyn's  alleged  love  affair  with  Jackie  0).  For  Wall  Street, 
this  is  spicy  stuff.  Cohan  heard  that  the  white-shoe  law  firm 
Wachtel,  Lipton,  Rosen,  &  Katz  bought  eighty  copies  of  The  Last 
Tycoons,  presumably  to  have  their  attorneys  sift  through  the  book 
and  see  if  anything  was  libelous.  So  far,  so  good:  no  lawsuits. 

"Ken  Jacobs,  who  now  runs  Lazard  in  North  America,  told  me, 
'We  always  figured  that  someone  was  going  to  come  along  and 
write  this  book.  And  in  a  way,  we're  glad  it's  you,  because  you 
worked  here,  you  know  Lazard,  and  you  know  Wall  Street  better 
than  some  outside  journalist,'"  Cohan  says.  "Well,  I  wonder  if  he 
still  believes  that." 

— Greg  Veis 


THE  LAST 
TYCOONS 


**u 


WILLIAM  D 


July-August  2007 


Nothing  cut  the  Wall  Street  blues  for  Vachon  like  writing. 

He  felt  as  if  he  were  finally  doing  something, 
creating,  and  he  took  to  it  feverishly. 


ing  David  Kuhn,  the  magazine  editor-turned- 
literary  agent  described  by  multiple  sources 
as  the  Ari  Gold  (Jeremy  Piven's  character 
from  Entourage)  of  the  book  world — the  guy 
you  want  repping  you,  and  decidedly  not  the 
guy  you  want  staring  back  from  the  other 
end  of  the  negotiating  table.  Kuhn  was 
tipped  off  to  DNasty  by  a  friend  at  a  dinner 
party  and  found  himself  instantly  smitten. 
"I  didn't  need  to  read  that  many  of  his  pieces," 
Kuhn  explains.  "With  him,  you  read  one 
and  you  know  it:  This  guy  is  a  natural 
Writer,  capital  'w.'  But  he  had  to  go  from 
being  a  banker  working  eighteen  hours  a 
day  wanting  to  be  a  writer,  to  actually  being 
a  writer." 

So  they  worked.  Vachon,  twenty-four  at 
the  time,  pounded  out  a  few  sample  chap- 
ters of  M6?A.  Kuhn  edited  them.  And  they 
went  back  and  forth  like  that — building 
characters,  ensuring  the  plot  wasn't  getting 
bogged  down  in  asides — until  finally  they 
sent  a  portion  of  the  book  out  to  publishers, 
hoping  there 'd  be  interest. 

There  was  interest.  Plenty.  Publishers 
loved  the  book,  and,  not  insignificantly, 
they  loved  Vachon.  This  last  part  was  im- 
portant because  the  book  industry  is  a  noto- 
riously bad  business.  Five  hundred  and  fifty- 
seven  years  since  Guttenberg  invented  the 
printing  press,  and  still  nobody  knows  what 
makes  consumers  choose  one  book  over 
another.  Time  and  again,  the  industry  has 
eschewed  basic  practices  like  market  re- 
search when  deciding  which  books  to  buy, 
relying  instead  on  squishy  indicators  like 
feel.  And  along  came  Vachon,  who  ap- 
peared as  bankable  as  they  come:  possessed 
of  charm,  symmetrical  features,  and  a  yen 
for  writing  about  money  and  sex  and  class. 
Plus,  he  was  young.  The  New  York  media 
spends  a  great  deal  of  its  marketing  dollars 
cultivating  the  idea  of  the  young  genius,  the 
Next  Big  Thing.  From  Jonathan  Safran  Foer 
(Everything is  Illuminated)  to  Benjamin  Kun- 
kel  (Indecision),  to  name  just  two  recent 
examples,  he's  the  one — and  it's  typically  a 
he — upon  whom  adulation  is  heaped  and 
hopes  are  hung.  For  better  or  for  worse,  pre- 
cociousness  sells. 


So  once  Kuhn  made  the  book  available, 
about  eight  houses — big  ones — began  trip- 
ping over  themselves  to  get  a  piece  of  Va- 
chon, stacking  bids  on  top  of  bids  on  top  of 
bids,  until  finally  Riverhead  snatched  him 
up  with  a  two-book  contract  and  $650,000 
advance. 

"Colon-Busting  Blogger  Book  Deal,"  an- 
nounced the  "Gawker"  headline  the  next 
day.  That  seemed  to  typify  the  industry's  re- 
sponse: largely  jealous  and  uneasy.  The 
"Gawker"  editor  then  joked  that  she  was 
having  difficulty  composing  her  blog  entry 
because  "it's  rather  difficult  to  be  creative 
when  one  is  simultaneously  sh*tting  and 
crying."  Sara  Nelson,  the  editor  of  Pub- 
lisher's Weekly,  claimed  she  felt  sorry  for  Va- 
chon because,  chances  were,  he  wouldn't  be 
able  to  meet  expectations.  Then  she  went 
on  to  note  how  deals  like  his  steal  money 
away  from  "the  poor,  struggling  hoi  polloi." 
(This  was  decidedly  not  how  his  friends  on 
Wall  Street  took  the  news;  while  $650,000 
may  be  a  monstrous  sum  to  unload  on  a  new 
writer,  it'll  barely  cover  an  add-on  to  your 
eleven-bedroom  in  Westchester.) 

"The  irony  of  book  publishing,"  "Gawker" 
editor  Emily  Gould  (not  the  one  who  wrote 
the  "colon"  headline)  explains  later,  "is  that 
if  you  spend  your  entire  life  doing  all  the 
things  an  accomplished  writer  should  do, 
like  going  to  get  an  M.F.A.  or  spending  years 
writing  crappy  novels  as  you  work  your  way 
up  to  your  masterpiece,  maybe  one  day — 
although  probably  not — you'll  get  a  ton  of 
press,  and  people  will  read  your  books.  Dana 
embodies  the  antithesis  of  that." 

Regardless,  Vachon  had  to  finish  a  book, 
and  he  had  to  finish  it  fast  (in  about  a  year), 
because  Riverhead  didn't  plunk  down 
$650,000  just  to  piss  off  a  few  underpaid  col- 
umnists. So  he  retreated  to  his  family's  beach 
house  in  Rhode  Island.  He  spent  his  days  on 
the  sand  draped  in  a  bed  sheet,  staring  out 
at  the  ocean.  He  spent  his  nights  writing 
and  drinking  wine.  By  the  end  of  last  sum- 
mer, he  returned  to  Manhattan,  book  com- 
pleted, publisher  delighted.  MiSA  would  be 
Riverhead's  biggest  release  of  the  spring. 
They'd  create  a  fake  website  and  fake  busi- 


ness cards  for  J.S.  Spencer,  the  firm  Quinn 
works  for.  They'd  buy  expensive  ad  space  in 
big  circulation  publications.  They'd  pitch 
magazine  editors  silly.  Whatever  it  took  to 
retrieve  their  advance  money  back.  River- 
head was  going  to  will  this  book  to  success. 

"The  problem,"  Vachon  said  in  March,  a 
month  before  M&A  came  out,  "is  that 
M.F.A.s  want  to  write  non-commercial  books 
but  take  in  commercial-sized  advances.  I  set 
out  to  write  a  commercial  book,  and  I  was 
paid  accordingly."  He  then  starts  laughing 
about  a  story  that's  in  his  head  before  he's 
even  told  it.  "When  my  sister  first  called  me 
after  she  finished  the  book,  she  said  she 
loved  it,  and  I  was  like,  'Oh,  that's  great, 
thank  you  so  much.'  And  then  she  said  she 
loved  it  because  it  read  like  Star  [the  ce- 
lebrity magazine].  I  put  the  phone  to  my 
chest  for  a  moment  and  mouthed,  'Bitch.'  " 
He  laughs  some  more.  "But  now,  you  know, 
I  think  that  might  be  a  good  thing.  As 
much  as  I  was  tempted  to  write  5, 000- word 
riffs  on  greed,  it  does  me  no  use  if  you  close 
the  book,  right? 

"I  know  I've  said  it  before,  but  I  honestly 
believe  it:  Voxpopuli,  voxdei." 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Three  weeks  after  the  book's  release  in 
late  April,  the  media  circus  is  nearly 
over.  Vachon  has  chosen  to  drink 
several  glasses  of  wine  and  eat  steak 
tartare  at  Bar  Martignetti,  a  restaurant  near 
his  apartment  that  just  days  later  the  Times 
will  hail  as  the  place  to  go  "if  you're  a  New 
Yorker  under  28  with  a  private  school  on 
your  C.V."  He's  contemplating  his  run. 

"I  love  the  book  that  I  wrote,  and  I  want 
it  to  do  well.  But  has  this" — the  shaking  of 
hands  until  it  hurts,  the  awkward  exchanges 
with  the  press,  the  having  to  read  about 
how  his  sock-wearing  habits  can  help  to 
explain  the  state  of  his  everlasting  soul — 
"been  funl  Not  much." 

Although  he  maintained  an  admirably 
sunny  disposition  throughout,  the  process 
of  selling  himself  has  grown  tiresome.  He 
feels  unnecessarily  picked  over.  "Guess 
what:  I  don't  like  socks,  and  I  like  pocket 
squares.  They're  good  for  blowing  a  young 
lady's  nose  if  she  needs.  And  socks  just  get 
sweaty  and  dirty,  so  why  even  bother  with 
them?  I  don't  know  why  that's  so  hard  for 
people  to  understand."  And  he's  been 
forced  to  make  compromises.  Like  for  his 


"Night  Out"  profile  in  the  Times,  his  pub- 
lisher asked  him  to  ham  it  up,  to  act  as  if  he 
were  a  character  in  his  book,  because  the 
more  people  who  read  and  developed  an 
opinion  about  him  (good  or  bad),  the  more 
copies  of  M6?A  he'd  sell.  A  piece  about  a 
typical  night  out  for  him — which  he  claims, 
somewhat  disingenuously,  involves  little 
more  than  "eating  Skittles  and  watching 
YouTubes" — won't  get  people  talking;  it 
won't  draw  eyes.  So  he  stuffed  a  pocket 
square  into  his  blazer  and  made  a  reserva- 
tion at  Le  Bilboquet,  one  of  the  Upper  East 
Side's  swankier  restaurants,  a  place  he  goes 
to  "maybe  twice  a  year."  And  guess  what? 
The  story  was  one  of  the  Times'  most  e- 
mailed  that  day.  It  was  no  big  deal,  this 
playing  dress  up,  just  another  step  moving 
M<SA  toward  a  second  or  third  printing. 
But  spread  a  hundred  such  incidents  over  a 
period  of  time,  and  it  gets  old. 

Of  course,  the  book  release  wasn't  all 
drudgery.  The  celebration  at  Felix,  for  one, 
was  excellent,  and  in  Los  Angeles,  he  got  to 
spend  significant  time  with  a  hero,  Gore 
Vidal.  Vachon  was  in  L.A.  because  a  party 
was  being  thrown  in  his  honor  at  the 


Chateau  Marmont,  the  famous  hotel  on  the 
Sunset  Strip  where  John  Belushi  died,  and 
also  because  he  had  to  meet  the  film  pro- 
ducers who  optioned  the  rights  to  his  book. 
(They're  the  same  guys  who  did  Babel.)  Any- 
way, one  of  the  producers  was  a  good  friend 
of  Vidal's  and  set  up  a  rendezvous  at  his  house. 
Vachon  brought  Vidal  a  bottle  of  Scotch  as 
a  thank  you,  both  for  agreeing  to  meet  and 
for  serving  as  an  inspiration  for  so  long. 

"The  first  thing  I  asked  him  was  if  he 
thought  George  Bush  was  more  like  the 
emperor  Romulus  Augustus,  whom  I  wrote 
about  in  the  book,  or  Valerian,  who  was  fa- 
mously the  first  Roman  emperor  to  ever  get 
taken  prisoner  in  combat  by  the  Persians." 
Vachon  then  goes  into  his  Vidal  imperson- 
ation, which  isn't  stage-ready  but  is  appro- 
priately patrician.  "  'Well,  Valerian  was  at 
least  capable  of  entering  combat  to  be  ab- 
ducted, so  it's  certainly  not  him.'  " 

From  there,  the  two  got  on  famously. 
They  gossiped  about  literary  figures  and 
talked  politics  and  ate  spring  rolls  at  Mr. 
Chow.  It  was  one  of  the  best  days  of  Va- 
chon's  life.  Merely  recounting  the  story  a 
week  later  makes  him  giddy. 

"Some  things  are  too  cool  to  be  cool  about," 
he  declares,  as  he  takes  out  his  Treo  to  show 
photographic  evidence  of  their  having  met. 
I  While  careful  not  to  compare  himself  di- 
|  rectly,  Vachon  sees  much  to  admire  in  Vi- 
;  dal's  career  trajectory.  He,  like  Vidal  some 
sixty  years  ago,  would  love  to  transform  from 
a  young  author  with  much  promise  into  a 
literary  and  social  giant.  But  that's  a  long 
way  off.  For  all  the  hoopla,  M&A  hasn't 
performed  exceptionally.  Nielsen  BookScan 
(which  covers  50  to  75  percent  of  total  sales) 
counted  7,000  copies  sold  ten  weeks  after 
its  release.  As  a  point  of  comparison,  Ben- 
jamin Kunkel's  Indecision  moved  9,000  in 
the  same  time  frame — and  Khaled  Hos- 
seini's  The  Kite  Runner,  also  published  by 
Riverhead,  went  for  23,000.  Vachon's  next 
book — one  that  he  says  will  be  "more  meas- 
ured" than  MiSA  because  he's  gotten  some 
of  the  sillier  stuff  out  of  his  system — will  be 
set  in  Westchester  and  will  somehow  incor- 
porate space  travel  and  Ecuadorian  land- 
scapes. After  that,  his  two-book  deal  with 
Riverhead  will  be  up,  and  then  who  knows 
what  he'll  do. 

He  takes  a  sip  of  wine  and  curves  the  left 
side  of  his  mouth  into  a  neat  little  half- 
smile.  "The  gods  laugh  at  men  with  plans, 
don't  they?"  ■ 

Veis  '03  is  an  associate  editor  of  GQ  magazine 
and.  a  member  of  the  Editorial  Advisory  Board 
o/Duke  Magazine. 


July-August  2007 


57 


W*$- 


'AW 


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Books 


Brief  Encounters  with  Che  Guevera:  Stories 

B?  Ben  Fountain  J.  D.  '83.  Ecco/HarperCollins,  2007.  272  pages.  $13.95,  paper. 


Duke  Magazine  readers  may  claim 
Ben  Fountain  as  one  of  our  own,  for 
he  was  horn  in  Chapel  Hill  and 
took  degrees  from  the  University  of 
North  Carolina  at  Chapel  Hill  and  Duke 
Law  School.  His  Brief  Encounters  with  Che 
Guevera  thus  adds  a  vibrant  new  voice  to 
the  local  choir  of  fiction  and  poetry.  En- 
joyable local  color  marks  two  of  the  collec- 
tion's eight  works.  A  Duke  graduate  student 
in  ornithology  is  the  protagonist  of  "Near- 
Extinct  Birds  of  the  Central  Cordillera," 
and  in  "The  Good  Ones  are  Already  Taken," 
a  young  Fort  Bragg  soldier  and  his  wife 
"lived  in  a  trailer  off  base,  a  modest  single- 
wide  down  a  sandy  dirt  road  amid  the  pine 
and  sweet-gum  forest  outside  Fayetteville, 
or  Fayette-Nam  as  it  was  known  when 
Melissa  was  growing  up,  forty  miles  down 
the  Interstate.  Thanks  to  the  mighty  spend- 
ing power  of  its  military 
bases,  Fayetteville  boasted 
more  clip  joints  and  titty 
bars  than  any  city  its  size  in 
the  U.S...." 

When  Melissa's  Dirk 
brings  back  a  practice  of 
daily  meditation  from  his 
latest  duty,  her  reflection 
that  Green  Berets  just  did- 
n't meditate,  "nor  did  any- 
one else  she  knew  except  people  from 
Chapel  Hill,"  deftly  places  both  her  and  the 
town. 

Dirk  has  returned  from  Haiti,  featured 
also  in  three  of  the  other  works.  Two  stories 
transpire  entirely  there,  and  the  intricate 
and  lovely  title  piece  juggles  its  narrator's 
chance  encounters  with  a  handful  of  people 
who  knew,  or  claim  to  have  known,  or  were 
inspired  by  Che,  including  two  Haitians 
during  his  visits  to  "the  beleaguered  island 
nation."  Other  stories  take  place  in  present- 
day  Colombia,  Sierra  Leone,  and  Myanmar, 
and  the  concluding  "Fantasy  for  Eleven 
Fingers"  in  nineteenth-century  Germany 
and  Austria.  The  collection  gratifies  the 
armchair  traveler  with  its  exotic  locales, 
and  indeed,  like  all  good  travel  writing, 


Fountain's  dialogue 
is  mostly  sharp  and 
lively,  and  he  can 
serve  up  the  delec- 
table turn  of  phrase 


Fountain's  stories  transport  the  mind  more 
directly  than  can  National  Geographic  pho- 
tos or  their  film  or  video  analogues. 

Fountain  also  satisfies  with  the  imagina- 
tive reach  of  his  portrayals  of  the  downtrod- 
den and  marginalized,  and  particularly  in 
his  adoptions  of  women's  points  of  view.  His 
dialogue  is  mostly  sharp  and  lively,  and  he 
can  serve  up  the  delectable  turn  of  phrase. 
Melissa's  cousin  Rhee,  having  left  a  hus- 
band and  "a  life  of  exemplary  conformity" 
in  Lumberton  to  set  up  shop  as  a  Fayette- 
ville psychic,  eats  an  India  Palace  lunch  "in 
dainty  garden-club  bites,  a  style  imprint 
from  her  previous  life."  Viennese  music  pro- 
fessors are  "a  congeries  of  beards."  At  the 
same  time,  the  collection  not  surprisingly 
shows  minor  awkwardness.  In  ornithology 
and  several  other  specialties,  Fountain  knows 
his  chops,  but  he  can  stray  out  of  his  depth, 
as  with  his  oddly  hapless 
account  of  a  Haitian  paint- 
ing— "As  in  a  dream  the 
dissonance  seemed  preg- 
nant, significant;  the  sum 
effect  was  vaguely  menac- 
ing." This  sentence  is  a 
textbook  example,  by  the 
way,  of  the  writerly  sin  of 
telling  rather  than  show- 
ing, which  Fountain  com- 
mits on  other  occasions.  His  "pregnant,  sig- 
nificant" sounds  pompous  with  the  omitted 
conjunction,  and  when  the  tic  pops  up  in  a 
character's  speech — "he's  messing  around 
with  something  evil,  satanic"  — it  sounds 
like  something  no  human  would  say,  never 
mind  the  lame  synonyms. 

Fountain's  ear  goes  tin  in  other  ways  too, 
as  when  he  seems  momentarily  to  channel  a 
high  Victorian — "  'They're  so  silly!'  he  cried," 
or  "He  flashed  her  a  vicious  look"  — or  when 
he  promulgates  the  musty  idiom  "grab  lunch" 
(or  "grab  a  bite  to  eat"  ),  seemingly  unaware 
of  the  unappetizing  cultural  strains  showing 
through  the  verb's  threadbare  jauntiness  as 
it  spreads  through  U.S.  English  like  kudzu 
— but  don't  get  me  started.  The  stories'  over- 
reliance  on  open  endings,  and  their  occa- 


ENC0UETEB3 
WITH 
CHE 

GUEVARA 


P 


4 


BED    rOUNTAI] 


-i,.,.ln£,/,,  Vim,,  lir.tR,,;,,,- 
realized."  -Sa„  Franmro  domic 


sionally  facile  politics — anti-Semitism  bad, 
saving  pretty  birds  from  extinction  good — 
also  show  stylistic  encrustations  Fountain 
should  soon  be  able  to  slough  off. 

Even  the  strongest  story,  "The  Lion's 
Mouth,"  set  among  diamond  smugglers  in 
Sierra  Leone,  exhibits  some  shying  away 
from  hurdles.  The  American  protagonist  Jill 
has  paid  ample  dues  organizing  a  sewing  co- 
op where  one-armed  women,  amputee  vic- 
tims of  child-soldiers,  can  work  in  pairs.  Jill 
rises  still  further  above  herself  in  the  climax 
as  she  saves  an  uncomprehending  band  of 
mental  patients  from  slaughter. 

Yet  as  she  realizes  she  must  now  face  the 
dilemma  of  providing  for  these  new  unfor- 
tunates, bang,  the  story  ends,  without  quite 
doing  justice  to  such  earlier  passages  as:  "By 
then  she  already  had  the  diamonds.  They 
were  in  a  cloth  pouch  stuffed  at  the  bottom 
of  her  daypack....  She'd  slipped  away  on 
the  pretext  of  delivering  some  letters, 
crossed  the  square  by  a  small  cinderblock 
mosque,  and  followed  the  street  past  rows  of 
mud-brick  houses  and  sludgy  garden  plots. 
Except  for  a  few  pot-bellied  children  she 

was  alone  on  the  street In  two  minutes 

her  blouse  was  soaked  through  with  sweat.  " 
Writing  this  good  nearly  makes  moot  any 
carping  about  Ben  Fountain's  impressive 
debut  collection. 

— joe  Ashby  Porter 

Porter's  latest  novel  is  The  Near  Future.  He  is 
a  professor  of  English  at  Duke . 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


To  Die  Well 


n 

— i 

** 

Hi| 

Useless  Arithmetic:  Why 
Environmental  Scientists  Can't 
Predict  the  Future 

B31  Orrin  H.  Pilkey  and  Linda  Pflkey-Jarvis. 
Columbia  University  Press,  2007-  230  pages. 
$29.95. 

As  the  title  suggests,  this  book  explains 
how  the  quantitative  mathematical  models 
policy  makers  and  government  administra- 
tors use  to  form  environmental  policies  are 
seriously  flawed.  Pilkey,  James  B.  Duke 
Professor  Emeritus  of  geology  at  Duke,  and 
Pilkey-Jarvis,  his  daughter  and  a  geologist 
in  the  state  of  Washington's  department  of 
ecology,  provide  an  array  of  case  studies  that 
demonstrate  how  the  seductiveness  of  quan- 
titative models  has  led  to  unmanageable 
nuclear-waste  disposal  practices,  unjusti- 
fiable faith  in  predicted  sea-level-rise  rates, 
bad  predictions  of  future  shoreline-erosion 
rates,  overly  optimistic  estimates  of  the  costs 
of  artificial  beaches,  and  other  problems. 


To  Die  Well:  Your  Right  to 
Comfort,  Calm,  and  Choice  in  the 
Last  Days  of  Life 

B}  Sidney  Wanzer  '50,  M.D.  '54  and 
Joseph  Glenmullen.  De  Capo  Press,  2007. 
209  pages.  $24.00. 

When  it  comes  to  the  medical  treatment  of 
patients  with  terminal  illnesses,  there  are 
two  schools  of  thought.  Doctors  can  either 
prolong  the  lives  of  these  patients  or  make 
their  dying  as  comfortable  as  possible. 
Wanzer  and  Glenmullen  argue  that,  in  the 
case  of  a  painful  illness,  the  best  course  of 
action  is  to  make  the  patient's  last  days  as 
peaceful  and  pain-free  as  possible.  Their 
book  provides  information  about  end-of- 


life  issues  and  care,  from  the  right  to  refuse 
treatment  to  legal  ways  to  bring  about  death 
if  pain  or  distress  cannot  be  alleviated. 

Law  School  in  a  Box:  All  the 
Prestige  for  a  Fraction  of  the  Price 
Med  School  in  a  Box:  All  the 
Prestige  for  a  Fraction  of  the  Price 

B}  mental_floss  magazine. 
Quirk  Books,  2007.  $14.95  each. 

Attending  law  school  or  medical  school 
can  be  expensive  and  time  consuming.  But 
the  creators  of  mental_floss  magazine  have 
developed  an  alternative  that  they  say  is 
cheaper  and  faster — and  fits  easily  in  a  tin 
box  (provided).  Each  tin  contains  a  "cur- 
riculum," a  ninety-six-page-booklet  that 
includes  legal  and  medical  tidbits,  both 
serious  and  comical;  twenty  informational 
cards;  an  exam  "challenge";  and  a  diminu- 
tive diploma,  courtesy  of  "Mental  Floss 
University."  The  magazine,  which  deals  in 
interesting  knowledge  and  trivia,  was 
founded  by  William  E.  Pearson  '01  and 
Mangesh  Hattikudur  '01. 

Firestorm:  Allied  Airpower  and 
the  Destruction  of  Dresden 

B;y  Marshall  De  Bruhl  '58.  Random  House, 
2006.  346  pages.  $27.95 

On  February  13  and  14,  1945,  three  waves 
of  British  and  U.S.  aircraft  dropped  thou- 
sands of  bombs  on  the  largely  undefended 
German  city  of  Dresden.  Night  and  day, 
Dresden  was  engulfed  in  a  sea  of  flame,  and 
tens  of  thousands  of  people,  mostly  civil- 
ians, were  killed.  De  Bruhl  combines  his 
own  research,  contemporary  reports,  and 
eyewitness  accounts  of  the  event  to  recre- 


ate the  drama  of  the  bombing  and  appraise 
the  tactics  of  and  rationale  for  the  attack. 
He  also  documents  the  evolution  of  both 
Axis  and  Allied  air  power  and  larger  aerial 
bombardment  campaigns  in  World  War  II. 

Filibuster  to  Delay  a  Kiss  and 
Other  Poems 

B31  Courtney  Queeney  '00. 

Random  House,  2007.  81  pages.  $19.95. 

Queeney 's  debut  book  of  poetry  concerns 
the  world  of  a  young  woman  coming  to 
terms  with  her  family,  her  erotic  joy  and 
suffering,  and  the  desire  for  fame.  Her 
poems  define  her  own  complex  sensibili- 
ty— a  world  in  which  "daughter"  rhymes 
with  "slaughter,"  where  "bedroom"  is  an 
anagram  for  "boredom."  Her  work  has 
appeared  in  American  Poetry  Review, 
McSweeney's,  and  the  book  Three  New 
Poets  (Sheep  Meadow  Press,  2006). 

Jake  Fades:  a  Novel  of 
Impermanence 

B51  David  Guy  '70,  M.A.T.  '77.  Trumpeter, 
2007.  210 pages.  $19.95 

Jake,  an  aging  Zen  master  and  bicycle  re- 
pairman in  Bar  Harbor,  Maine,  and  Hank, 
Jake's  longtime  student,  take  a  weeklong 
trip  to  Cambridge,  Massachusetts.  Jake  tries 
to  convince  Hank  to  take  over  teaching  for 
him,  but  Hank  is  reluctant,  full  of  self- 
doubt.  Meanwhile  Hank  has  begun  to  won- 
der whether  Jake's  strange  comments  are 
the  fruits  of  Zen  or  Alzheimer's  disease. 
The  novel,  Guy's  fifth,  is  a  story  about  love, 
death,  relationships,  and  mentorship.  Guy 
is  a  writing  instructor  in  the  Terry  Sanford 
Institute  of  Public  Policy. 


July-August  2007 


61 


"Financial  aid  is  vital  to  students  ^ 

no  plan  to  enter  a  life  of  service." 


SRYAN    BAKER    D'07 


^^J 


Alumni  Register 


Opportunities  for  Engagement 

Through  its  Partners  in  Education  (PIE) 
committee,  the  Duke  Club  of  Wash- 
ington has  long  maintained  a  part- 
nership with  the  Ludlow-Taylor  Ele- 
mentary School  in  Northeast  Washington. 
Club  members  have  donated  computers, 
mentored  students,  and  performed  school- 
beautification  projects.  But  over  the  past 
several  years,  direct  interaction  between 
club  members  and  students  had  dropped  off. 
Last  summer  PIE,  co-chaired  by  Hardy  Vieux 
'93  and  Loree  Lipstein  '03,  sought  to  rein- 
vigorate  the  club's  community-service  pro- 
gram by  instituting  monthly  outings  for  small 
groups  of  students  from  Ludlow-Taylor,  ac- 
companied by  club  volunteers. 

"We  were  looking  for  opportunities  for 
real  engagement,"  Vieux  says,  "not  just  to 
drop  off  cash."  As  part  of  the  new  effort, 
they  also  joined  with  a  second  elementary- 
school  program  through  the  Community 
Academy  Public  Charter  Schools. 

Lipstein,  who  was  working  as  director  of 


community  involvement  for  Community 
Academy  at  the  time,  says  Washington  pub- 
lic-school classes  are  often  limited  in  the 
field  trips  they  can  take  to  inexpensive  mu- 
seums and  other  sites  that  are  accessible  by 
public  transportation.  As  she  and  Vieux  put 
together  a  schedule  of  trips,  they  consulted 
teachers,  asking  them  where  they  would  take 
their  students  if  cost  were  not  an  issue. 

The  excursions,  which  take  place  on  Sat- 
urdays when  volunteers  are  more  likely  to 
be  available,  have  included  trips  to  Cox 
Farms,  a  family-run  farm  in  northern  Vir- 
ginia, the  Maryland  Science  Center  in  Balti- 
more, a  Baltimore  Orioles  baseball  game,  and 
Washington's  popular  Spy  Museum.  Each  trip 
includes  twenty  students  from  one  grade 
and  about  ten  Duke  club  volunteers,  with 
two  students  assigned  to  each  volunteer. 
There  is  often  a  learning  component.  Dur- 
ing an  aquarium  visit,  for  example,  volun- 
teers helped  students  locate  all  the  sea  lions 
and  learn  the  differences  between  a  seal  and 
a  sea  lion.  PIE  handles  the  trip  logistics,  co- 
ordinates volunteers,  and  foots  the  bill  using 


Omnium 


\muw\v 


money  from  donations  and  fundraisers. 

Lipstein  says  that  over  the  course  of  the 
year,  the  listserv  of  volunteers  has  grown  to 
more  than  fifty  and  that  there  is  a  waiting 
list  for  almost  every  event.  She  says  the  trips 
are  a  great  way  for  volunteers  to  connect  in 
an  informal  setting  and  that  they  bring 
together  alumni  who  otherwise  might  not 
meet.  "At  other  alumni  events,  I  tend  to 
only  talk  to  the  people  I  already  know,"  she 
says.  Those  events  "are  not  as  conducive  to 
that  type  of  interaction.  Here,  you  have  ten 
volunteers  sharing  responsibility  for  twenty 
hyper  kids,"  she  says,  laughing. 

The  PIE  program,  which  Vieux  and  Lipstein 
hope  can  become  a  model  for  other  Duke 
clubs  seeking  service  components,  is  also 
serving  its  two  partner  schools  in  other  ways. 
At  Ludlow-Taylor,  the  club  purchased  $500  of 


All  around  town:  PIE  excursions  have  included  week- 
end trips  to  the  Spy  Museum,  left;  the  Cox  Farms 
pumpkin  patch,  top;  and  the  Maryland  Science  Center 


July-August  2007 


CAREER  CORNER 


Ask  the  Expert 

When  1  joined  my  company  two  years  ago, 
I  was  told  that  a  rotational  program  would 
be  good  for  my  career.  Six  departments, 
six  bosses,  and  six  great  evaluations  later, 
I've  discovered  that  more  recent  hires 
who've  worked  in  a  single  department  are 
to  be  promoted  over  me .  Should  I  look  for 
a  new  job  outside  the  company? 

otational  programs  can  be  a 
great  way  to  learn  about  a  busi- 
ness— with  a  couple  of  caveats: 
The  program  needs  to  explicitly 
state  what  you  are  expected  to  accom- 
plish during  your  time  in  each  depart- 
ment, and  your  progress  should  be  over- 
seen by  a  single  person.  Without  these 
program  components,  you  risk  being 
viewed  simply  as  a  good  "temp."  And 
however  much  your  managers  appreciate 
your  work,  after  only  four  months,  they 
still  don't  know  you  well  enough  to  go  to 
bat  for  you. 

Can  you  salvage  your  current  situation 
and  get  your  career  on  an  upward  track? 
Possibly — if  you  have  a  sympathetic 
human-resources  department  or  have 
built  a  relationship  with  a  more  senior 
manager.  You'll  need  two  things:  an  "ele- 
vator" speech,  a  thirty-second  explana- 
tion of  the  reasons  you  should  be  moved 
up  in  the  company,  and  a  top-notch 
resume  that  focuses  on  what  you've  ac- 
complished in  each  position.  Be  as  spe- 
cific and  as  quantitative  as  possible  about 
your  achievements,  and,  remember,  it 
doesn't  matter  what  you  learned.  It  mat- 
ters what  you  did  with  that  learning. 

While  you're  pursuing  internal  options, 
don't  hesitate  to  investigate  higher- 
level  positions  elsewhere.  Your  varied 
experience  is  an  advantage,  because  it's 
undoubtedly  taught  you  how  to  be  ef- 
fective in  different  environments.  By 
now,  you  also  know  what  you're  good  at 
and  the  type  of  work  you  want  to  avoid. 
Knowing  who  you  are  and  where  you 
want  to  go  is  one  of  the  most  effective 
ways  to  achieve  career  success. 

— Sheila  Curran 

Curran  is  the  Fannie  Mitchell  Executive 
Director  of  the  Career  Center. 

The  Career  Center,  in  parti-iership  with  the 
DAA,  provides  career  advice  to  alunvii. 
Send  questions  or  inquiries  to  career-alum- 
ni@studentaffairs .  duke .  edu . 


sports  equipment  from  a  wish  list  created  by 
Donald  Presswood,  the  school's  principal, 
and  volunteers  participated  in  an  outdoor 
Community  Day  with  the  school  in  June. 

At  Community  Academy,  the  club's  fo- 
cus has  been  indoors.  One  of  the  academy's 
four  campuses  was  in  the  process  of  setting 
up  a  small  library.  Administrators  had  come 
up  with  the  idea  and  the  space,  Lipstein 
says,  but  had  yet  to  come  up  with  concrete 
plans.  Richard  Leggin  75,  an  architect,  vol- 
unteered his  services  to  create  a  plan  for  the 
space,  and  James  Walsh  '74,  president  and 
CEO  of  William  V.  Walsh  Construction,  vol- 
unteered his  company's  time  to  make  the 
renovations.  Over  the  summer,  other  Duke 
volunteers  plan  to  spend  time  sorting  and 
shelving  books.  The  club  hopes  to  have  the 
library  ready  to  open  when  school  starts. 


Scholarly  Pair 


The  two  newest  recipients  of  the  Alum- 
ni Endowed  Undergraduate  Scholar- 
ship have  several  things  in  common: 
an  early  passion  for  Duke,  close  fami- 
ly ties  to  the  university,  and  residence  in 
Florida.  They  are  Trisha  Lowe,  from  Cudjoe 
Key,  and  Taylor  Hausburg,  from  Sarasota. 
The  scholarship,  established  by  the  Duke 
Alumni  Association  in  1979,  recognizes  the 
academic,  extracurricular,  and  personal 
achievements  of  children  and  grandchil- 
dren of  Duke  alumni  who  are  accepted  for 
undergraduate  admission  to  Duke. 

"I  was  attracted  to  Duke  because  of,  well, 
everything,"  says  Lowe.  "I  think  the  campus  is 
beautiful,  the  academics  are  unmatched,  the 
social  life  is  worth  mentioning,  and  it  is  really 
just  an  all-around  amazing  school  for  people 
who  are  interested  in  as  many  things  as  I  am." 

Lowe's  grandparents  on  her  father's  side, 
Donald  Lowe  '46  and  Emily  Body  Lowe  '48, 
met  at  Duke  and  were  married  in  Duke 
Chapel.  "Since  they  live  next  door,  I've 
pretty  much  grown  up  hearing  all  those 
amazing  stories  about  Duke  and  what  it  was 
like  there  'back  in  their  day,'  "  she  says. 

Lowe  says  she  took  the  hardest  classes 
offered  at  her  high  school  and  also  enrolled 
in  classes  at  a  local  community  college  and 
online.  Her  range  of  extracurricular  activi- 
ties is  equally  impressive,  including  treasur- 
er of  the  student  council,  public-relations 
officer  for  the  investment  club,  and  mem- 
bership in  the  National  Honor  Society.  She 
was  her  school's  band  captain  while  playing 
in  the  marching  band,  wind  ensemble,  and 
jazz  band. 

Her  musical  interests  led  her  to  teach 


Ties  that  bind:  Scholars  Hausburg,  left,  and  Lowe  at 
Duke  Up  Close,  a  spring  event  for  accepted  students 

economically  disadvantaged  children  how 
to  play  piano  and  guitar.  At  the  same  time, 
she  tutored  students  who  hadn't  passed 
Florida's  standardized  test  and  a  girl  with  a 
severe  hearing  impairment. 

"I  just  like  too  many  things  to  only  partic- 
ipate in  one,"  she  says.  "So  I  found  a  way  to 
do  almost  all  of  them,  while  keeping  my 
GPA  up."  At  Duke,  she  is  planning  to  ma- 
jor in  biomedical  engineering  and  is  consid- 
ering a  certificate  in  neuroscience. 

Hausburg  says  she  was  drawn  to  Duke 
largely  because  of  the  influence  of  her  fa- 
ther, Jonathan  Hausburg  '74-  "Ever  since  I 
can  remember,  we  would  stop  by  Duke  each 
summer,  and  my  father  would  give  me  the 
same  tour  of  the  campus:  House  J,  his  fresh- 
man dormitory;  the  Sarah  P.  Duke  Gardens, 
where  he  proposed  to  my  mother." 

At  her  high  school,  Hausburg  participat- 
ed in  a  French-language  competitive  team 
and  was  on  the  Academic  Olympics  and 
speech  and  debate  teams.  She  served  as 
attorney  general  at  Florida  Girls  State,  a  cit- 
izenship-training program,  and  was  sent  to 
Girls  Nation  last  summer. 

A  National  Merit  Scholarship  Finalist, 
she  was  also  a  teen  attorney  for  the  local 
teen  court.  And,  she  notes,  she  is  an  avid 
dirt  biker.  Her  senior  class  voted  her  "most 
likely  to  succeed."  She  says,  "The  most  pres- 
tigious honor  that  I  have  received  is  the  op- 
portunity to  be  a  Blue  Devil.  I'm  still  stoked!" 

Hausburg's  plans  as  a  Duke  student  "change 
almost  daily,"  she  says.  Her  thinking  for  now 
is  that  she  will  concentrate  in  linguistics  or 
Romance  languages. 

The  Undergraduate  Alumni  Endowed 
Scholarship  is  a  four-year,  full-tuition  schol- 
arship for  students  with  demonstrated  fi- 
nancial need.  The  scholarship  also  pays  for  a 
summer  academic  experience  of  the  schol- 
ar's choice,  including  the  opportunity  to 
study  abroad.  In  addition,  scholars  are  invit- 
ed to  participate  in  special  educational, 
social,  and  cultural  programs  on  campus 
during  their  four  years  at  Duke. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


RETROSPECTIVE 


Selections  from  the  University  Archives 


You  may  be  familiar  with  the 
urban  legend  that  the  wall 
surrounding  East  Campus  is 
actually  ten  feet  high — the 
three  feet  that  we  see  supported  by  seven 
more  feet  buried  underground. 

In  one  version  of  the  story,  the  Duke  fami- 
ly requested  that  the  wall  be  ten  feet  tall  as 
a  requirement  of  their  donations;  adminis- 
trators wanted  a  wall  no  higher  than  three 
feet  and  buried  most  of  it  to  comply  with 
the  Dukes'  condition.  It  makes  for  a  good 
story,  but  the  truth  is  that  the  wall  has  only 
a  fourteen-inch  foundation. 

Many  urban  legends  often  have  some 
basis  in  fact,  and  while  there  is  not  an  obvi- 
ous one  for  this  story,  we  do  have  some 
leads.  In  1915,  several  changes  were  made 
to  the  landscaping  of  the  Trinity  Campus 
(today's  East  Campus)  as  faculty  houses 
were  moved  off  campus.  That  same  year, 
Benjamin  Duke  paid  for  the  construction  of 
the  wall  while  his  younger  brother,  James 
B.  Duke,  funded  campus  landscaping. 
The  records  of  President  William  Few 


include  frequent  correspondence  about 
the  project  with  the  Duke  brothers  and 
the  builders  of  the  wall.  In  a  letter  dated 
September  15, 1915,  Few  informs  the 
wall's  designers  that  James  B.  Duke  has 
requested  the  wall  be  thirty-six-inches 
high,  not  the  thirty-four  inches  proposed 
in  their  construction  plans. 

The  following  month,  Few  received  a 
letter  from  Benjamin  Duke  not  only  con- 
firming the  request  for  a  thirty-six-inch- 
high  wall,  but  also  recommending  that  the 
wall  be  located  ten  feet  from  the  curb  and 
noting  that  more  dirt  might  be  needed  for 
the  foundation. 

Did  these  requests  and  recommenda- 
tions from  the  Duke  brothers  lay  the  foun- 
dation for  the  story  that  grew  to  be  the  leg- 
end of  the  wall?  The  archival  record  indi- 
cates that  at  least  parts  of  the  story  are 
true:  It's  possible  that  the  horizontal  move 
became  the  basis  of  the  vertical  myth. 

— Jim  Pyatt  '81,  University  Archivist 

www.lib.duke.edu/archives 


DAA  Board  Pitches  In 

The  recently  announced  DukeEngage 
initiative  aims  to  make  civic  engage- 
ment and  service  learning  an  integral 
part  of  every  undergraduate's  Duke 
experience.  To  emphasize  its  own  commit- 
ment to  service,  the  Duke  Alumni  Associ- 
ation board,  at  its  May  meeting,  participated 
in  an  afternoon  of  community  service  at 
Lakewood  Elementary  School,  one  of  Duke's 
partner  schools,  located  only  a  few  miles 
from  West  Campus.  The  idea  grew  out  of  dis- 
cussions in  the  DAA  board's  Civic  Engage- 
ment Committee,  co-chaired  by  Ann  Elliott 
'88andHardyVieux'93. 

"The  committee  felt  it  was  important  to 
offer  a  community-service  project  for  the 
DAA  board  because  part  of  our  charter  is  to 


help  alumni  get  involved  with  Duke's  ef- 
forts," says  Elliott.  "What  better  way  to  get 
engaged  than  with  an  elementary  school 
just  a  few  miles  from  where  our  board  meet- 
ings are  held  and  with  alumni  who  truly 
care  about  the  university  and  Durham?" 

The  DAA  volunteers  were  joined  by  mem- 
bers of  Duke  University  Retirees  Outreach, 
or  DURO,  a  service  organization  comprising 
retired  Duke  employees.  Together,  the  two 
organizations  completed  three  projects  at 
Lakewood.  Volunteers  working  in  the 
library  shelved  books  and  helped  reorganize 
the  collections  by  moving  entire  sections 
and  putting  up  new  signs. 

Outside,  volunteers  cleared,  rototilled, 
and  replanted  several  large  flower  beds  and 
built  two  gazebos  next  to  the  playground  to 
provide  much-needed  shade  for  students 
and  teachers. 


Duke  Alumni  Association 

Board  of  Directors,  2007-08 

President:  Thomas  C.  Clark '69 

President-elect:  Ann  Pelham  74 

Secretary-treasurer:  Sterly  L.  Wilder  '83 

Vice  Presidents: 

J.  Brett  Bennett  M.H.A.  '86 

Ann  Wooster  Elliott '88 

Amy  Schick  Kenney '96,  M.E.M. '98 

Hardy  Vieux '93 

Derek  Moody  Wilson '86,  M.B.A. '90 

Duke  Magazine  Editorial  Advisory  Board  representative: 

Peter  Applebome  '71 
Directors-at-large: 
Nelson  C.Bellido  '89 


ock'91 
Emily  Busse  Bragg  78 
Daniel  M.  Dickinson  B.S.E. '83 
Julia  Borger  Ferguson '81 
Artyn  Haig  Gardner  73 
William  Thomas  Graham '56 
Stacey  Maya  Gray  '95 
Roseann  Viscomi  Hassey  '83 
Jeffrey  C.Howard  76 
Theodore  J.  Humphrey  II  B.S.M.E.  '61 
Anne  DeVoe  Lawler  '75 
Jeremiah  0.  Norton  '00 
John  David  Ross  Jr. '92 
Caroline  Christy  Susman  '88 
Dawn  M.Taylor '89 
MelviaL.  Wallace  '85 
James  V.Walsh  74 
Samuel  Wei  Teh  Wang '86 
Professional  school  representatives: 
Carmichael  Roberts  Jr.  '90,  Ph.D.  '95 

Graduate  School  of  Arts  and  Sciences 
Wyman  Frasier  Davis  '87,  M.Div.  '95,  Divinity  School 
Elizabeth  W.  Parker  M.B.A.  '85,  Fuqua  School  of  Business 
Amy  Schick  Kenney '96,  M.E.M. '98 

Nicholas  School  of  the  Environment  and  Earth  Sciences 
Timothy  R.  Davis  B.S.E.  '92,  Pratt  School  of  Engineering 
J.  Brett  Bennett  M.H.A. '86 

Department  of  Health  Administration 
Lori  Terens  Holshouser  77,  J.D.  '80,  School  of  Law 
William  Cooke  Andrews  Jr.  76,  M.D.  '80,  School  of  Medicine 
Martha  Cohn  Romney  B.S.N.  77,  School  of  Nursing 
Holly  Eggert  Duchene  D.P.T.  '03 

Graduate  Program  in  Physical  Therapy 
Faculty  representatives: 
James  N.Siedow, 

Professor  of  Biology  and  Vice  Provost  for  Research 
Thomas  W.  Robisheaux  74,  Associate  Professor  of  History 
Student  representatives: 
Hasnain  Zaidi  '08,  President,  Class  of  2008 
Lauren  Lee-Houghton  '09,  President,  Class  of  2009 
Render  Braswell  TO,  President,  Class  of  2010 
Paul  Slattery  '08,  President,  Duke  Student  Government 
Crystal  Brown  L  '08,  President, 

Graduate  and  Professional  Student  Council 
Honorary  members: 

N.  Allison  Haltom  72,  Vice  President  and  University  Secretary 
William  E.King '61,  A.M. '63,  Ph.D.  70 

University  Archivist  Emeritus 
Suzanne  J.  Wasiolek  76,  M.H.A.  78,  LL.M.  '93 

Assistant  Vice  President  for  Student  Affairs 
Gerald  L  Wilson  B.0.  '61,  A.M.  '68 

Senior  Associate  Dean,  Trinity  College 


July-August  2007 


Class  Notes 


WRITE:  Class  Notes  Editor,  Duke  Magazine, 
Box  90572,  Durham,  N.C.  27708 

FAX:  (919)  681-1659  (typed  only,  please) 

E-MAIL:  dukemasfgduke.edu 

(Include  your  full  name,  address,  and  class  year.) 

CHANGE  OF  ADDRESS:  Alumni  Records, 
Box  90581,  Durham,  N.C.  27708. 
Please  include  mailing  label. 

E-MAIL  ADDRESS  CHANGES  TO:  bluedevtl@duke.edu 

NOTICE:  Because  of  the  volume  of  class  note  material 
we  receive  and  the  long  lead  time  required  for 
typesetting,  design,  and  printing,  your  submission 
may  not  appear  for  two  to  three  issues.  Alumni  are 
urged  to  include  spouses'  names  in  marriage  and  birth 
announcements.  We  do  not  record  engagements. 


Half-Century  Club 

Lewis  P.  Klein  Jr.  '51  held  a  one-man  art  show, 
the  proceeds  of  which  were  donated  to  his  local 
YMCA's  Art  and  Humanitarian  Program. 

Robert  S.  Tinsley  '53  is  the  author  of  Farewell, 
Miss  Julie  or  The  Spoiled  Rotten  Bird  Dogs,  published  by 
Authorhouse.  Tinsley,  a  retired  naval  aviator  and 
United  Airlines  captain,  works  as  a  freelance  writer 
in  Titusville,  Fla. 

George  Keithley  '57  has  been  awarded  the 
Monroe  K.  Spears  Prize  for  "Redbud  and 
Remembrance,"  an  essay  on  the  Civil  War  that  was 


judged  the  best  essay  published  in  The  Sewanee  Review 
in  the  past  year. 


1950s 


Stephen  R.  Feldman  '59  has  been  named  Distin- 
guished Psychologist  lor  2006  by  the  Washington  State 
Psychological  Association.  He  has  co-authored  Law 
and  Mental  Health  Professionals-Washington,  published 
by  the  American  Psychological  Association,  and 
written  How  to  Stay  Out  of  Trouble  With  Everyone:  A 
Handbook  on  Law  and  Ethics  for  Mental  Health  Prac- 
titioners. He  has  also  served  as  president  of  the  Rainier 
Audubon  Society  and  vice  president  of  the  North- 
west Reined  Cow  Hotse  Association.  He  is  currently 
shooting  a  short  movie  on  law  and  ethics  to  be  used 
in  the  continuing  education  of  mental-health  practi- 
tioners. He  lives,  works,  writes,  and  rides  near  Seattle. 


1960s 


Mark  B.  Edwards  '61,  J. D.  '63  has  been  ranked 
among  Business  North  Carolina  magazine's  Legal  Elite 
for  2007.  Edwards  is  of  counsel  to  the  Charlotte 
office  of  Poyner  &  Spruill.  His  practice  focuses  on  tax 
and  estate  planning. 

Robert  S.  Robins  A.M.  '61,  Ph.D.  '63  has  been 
appointed  to  the  Connecticut  Board  of  Governors 
for  Higher  Education,  the  state's  coordinating  agency 
for  colleges  and  universities.  He  retired  in  2003  from 
Tulane  University,  where  he  was  deputy  provost  and 
a  professor  and  chair  in  the  political-science  depart- 
ment. Now  working  as  a  consultant  and  scholar, 
Robins  has,  among  other  things,  co-authored  a  report 
to  the  Carnegie  Commission  on  Higher  Education 


and  served  as  a  member  of  then-President  Bill 
Clinton's  Working  Group  on  Presidential  Disability. 
He  has  received  honors  including  a  senior  associate 
membership  to  St.  Antony's  College,  Oxford,  and  has 
published  widely  in  the  areas  of  Third  World  politics 
and  political  psychology. 

David  W.  Long  '64  has  been  ranked  among 
Business  North  Carolina  magazine's  Legal  Elite  for 
2007.  Long  is  a  partner  with  the  Raleigh  office  of 
Poyner  &  Spruill.  His  practice  focuses  on  criminal 
defense  and  litigation. 

Katherine  C.  "KC"  Norris  B.S.M.E.  '66  has 
been  named  Vermont's  2007  Engineer  of  rhe  Year. 
She  is  the  first  woman  to  receive  this  honor.  She 
retired  from  IBM  in  December  2005,  after  having 
worked  at  the  company  since  1967.  Norris  has  been 
active  in  the  Society  of  Women  Engineers,  the 
American  Society  of  Mechanical  Engineers,  and 
the  Vermont  Society  of  Professional  Engineers. 

Robert  Dale  Stubbs  '69  was  appointed  District 
Court  judge  tor  the  Eleventh  Judicial  District  of 
North  Carolina  by  Gov.  Mike  Easley,  and  was  sworn 
in  on  Feb.  15.  He  has  been  a  lawyer  in  Johnston 
County  for  the  past  25  years  and  a  senior  assistant 
district  attorney  for  the  past  16  years. 


1970s 


J.  Keith  Kennedy  '70,  M.Div  '74  has  returned 
to  Baker,  Donelson,  Bearman,  Caldwell  6k  Berkowitz 
as  managing  director  of  the  firm's  Washington 
office.  He  previously  served  three  terms  as  staff 
director  of  the  Senate  Appropriations  Committee 
and  spent  two  years  as  deputy  sergeant-at-arms  of 
the  U.S.  Senate. 


Duke  can  now  invest  certain  life  income 

fts  with  the  university's  endowment. 
While  past  performance  is  no  promise 
of  future  growth,  Duke's  endowment 
has  consistently  been  one  of  the 
top-performing  university  endowments 
in  the  nation.  This  giving  opportunity 
may  appeal  to  individuals  who  are 
comfortable  with  more  aggressive 
long-term  investment  strategies. 

To  learn  more  about  life  income  gifts, 
which  can  provide  you  with  an  annual 
income  as  well  as  immediate  tax 
benefits,  please  contact: 


Duke  University  Office  of  Gift  Planning 

2127  Campus  Drive,  Box  90600 

Durham,  NC  27708 

Phone      (919)681-0464 

Fax  (919)684-9731 

Email       giftplanning@dev.duke.edu 

Web        www.giftplanning.duke.edu 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Ronald  R.  Fogleman  A.M.  71  has  been  elected 
to  the  Hall  of  Outstanding  Americans  by  the 
National  Wrestling  Hall  of  Fame  and  Museum. 
Fogleman  is  a  tented  genetal  who  served  as  the  15th 
chief  of  staff  of  the  Air  Force.  He  is  now  chair  and 
CEO  of  Durango  Aerospace  Inc.,  president  and  COO 
for  the  B  Bar  J  Cattle  Co.,  a  member  of  the  board  of 
trustees  of  The  MITRE  Corp.,  and  a  partner  with 
Laird  and  Co. 

Lawrence  K.  Lesnik  '71  has  joined  the  law  firm 
of  Norris  McLaughlin  &  Marcus  as  a  member  of  the 
bankruptcy  and  creditors'  rights  group  in  Somerville, 
N.J.  He  was  previously  a  partner  at  Ravin  Greenberg. 

Howard  Killion  Ph.D.  72  is  an  editor  for 
International  Students  Inc.,  a  Christian  organization 
that  serves  international  students  by  linking  them 
with  local  churches  at  hundreds  of  U.S.  colleges  and 
universities.  He  published  an  ESL  book  titled  Jesus 
Christ.-  A  Bible  Study  in  Simple  English  in  2004. 

Walter  W.  Manley  II  J.D.  72  has  completed  his 
sixth  book,  co-authored  with  Canter  Brown  Jr.,  titled 
The  Supreme  Court  of  Florida  1917-1972  (University 
Press  of  Florida,  2006).  The  book  was  nominated  for 
the  2006  Littleton  Griswold  Prize  in  American  Law 
and  Society,  the  Florida  Historical  Quarterly's  Rembert 
Patrick  Award,  and  the  James  Willard  Hurst  Award. 
Manley  is  a  professor  at  Florida  State  University  and 
a  visiting  professor  at  the  universities  of  Cambridge 
and  Oxford. 

Robert  Clark  Ballard  73  has  joined  Colton 

Groome  &  Co.,  a  financial  services  firm  in  Asheville, 
N.O,  as  director  of  finance  and  operations.  He 
earned  an  M.B.A.  from  Western  Carolina  University 
in  May  2005,  and  was  honored  as  the  outstanding 
M.B.A.  student  in  the  program.  He  and  his  wife, 
Lynn,  live  in  Asheville  and  have  two  sons. 

Stephen  Carroll  Lloyd  M.D.  74,  Ph.D.  75  was  a 
co-authot  of  "Racial  Disparities  in  Colon  Cancer: 
Primary  Care  Endoscopy  as  a  Tool  to  Increase 
Screening  Rates  Among  Minority  Patients,"  a  study 
published  in  Cancer  magazine.  The  study  found  mor- 
tality statistics  46  and  31  percent  higher  for  South 
Carolina's  African-American  males  and  females, 
respectively,  compared  with  their  white  counterparts. 

Michael  L.  Eckerle  J.D.  77  has  been  named  a 

Super  Lawyer  by  Laic  c?  Politics  .Magazine  and 
Indianapolis  Monthly.  The  designation  is  limited  to  no 
mote  than  5  percent  of  the  Indiana  Bar.  Eckerle  is 
the  chair  of  the  manufacturing-industry  team  at 
Bingham  McHale  in  Indianapolis. 

Joseph  Y.  Cheung  M.D.  78  has  been  named 
director  of  the  division  of  nephrology  at  Jeffetson 
Medical  College  of  Thomas  Jefferson  University 
and  Thomas  Jefferson  University  Hospital.  He  previ- 
ously served  as  professor  of  medicine  and  cellular 
and  molecular  physiology  at  the  Milton  S.  Hershey 
Medical  Center  and  Pennsylvania  State  University 
College  of  Medicine. 

Steven  R.  Winkler  M.H.A.  78  has  been  named  a 
fellow  of  the  American  College  of  Healthcare 
Executives. 

Frank  Edward  Emory  Jr.  79,  a  lawyer  at 
Hunton  &  Williams,  has  been  named  head  of  the 
fitm's  300-lawyer  litigation  department.  Emory  is  the 
first  African  American  to  become  a  department  head 
at  the  firm.  His  practice  focuses  on  cases  involving 
intellectual  property,  complex  contract  disputes, 
business  torts,  and  covenants  against  competition. 
Steven  Hale  M.E.M.  79  has  received  the  U.S. 
Forest  Sen-ice's  2006  Excellence  in  Interpretation 
and  Conservation  Education  Award.  He  is  a  recre- 
ation specialist  in  the  Carson  Ranger  District,  based 
in  Carson  City,  Nev. 


MINI-PROFILE 


Neal  Keny-Guyer  '76,  spearheading  global  solutions 

nlike  your  average  CEO, 

Mercy  Corps  chief  Neal 

Keny-Guyer  is  ambivalent 

about  his  organization's 
rapid  growth  over  the  past  years. 

"I  had  someone  ask  me  do  I  fore- 
see us  growing  in  the  same  way,  and 
if  it's  predicated  on  disasters,  I  cer- 
tainly hope  not!"  Keny-Guyer  says 
with  a  laugh.  "If  it's  predicated  on 
people  thinking  we've  got  some  in- 
teresting ideas,  solutions,  and  part- 
nerships to  offer  to  complex,  per- 
plexing international  problems,  then 
that  would  be  a  great  way  to  grow." 

The  humanitarian  NGO  Keny- 
Guyer  runs  is  one  of  the  main  players 
in  hotspots  such  as  Afghanistan, 
Darfur,  and  hurricane-wracked  New 
Orleans.  He  has  helped  make  it  one 
of  the  world's  leading  relief  and  de- 
velopment organizations.  Mercy  Corps 
has  an  annual  operating  budget  of 
some  $230  million  and  sponsors 
operations  in  nearly  forty  countries. 

In  the  three  decades  since  he 
graduated  from  Duke  with  a  joint 
major  in  public  policy  and  religion, 
Keny-Guyer's  passion  for  social  jus- 
tice has  taken  him  from  the  front 
lines  of  the  nonprofit  world  to  meet- 
ings at  the  White  House.  Straight  out 
of  college,  he  worked  at  a  special 
academy  in  Atlanta  designed  to  con- 
nect academically  underperforming 
black  teenagers  with  the  leaders  of 
the  civil-rights  movement.  After 


working  at  a  similar  school  in  the 
District  of  Columbia,  Keny-Guyer 
moved  to  Thailand  to  coordinate 
relief  efforts  for  Cambodian  refugees. 

Frustration  with  managerial  inex- 
perience in  the  nonprofit  sector  led 
him  to  pursue  an  M.B.A.  "I  met  a  lot 
of  people  who  were  working  on 
social  change  whose  hearts  were  in 
the  right  place,  who  wanted  to  make 
a  difference  but  just  didn't  have  the 
organizational  skills  to  translate  their 
commitments  into  real  impact,"  he 
says.  After  graduating  from  the  Yale 
School  of  Management  in  1982 — a 
business  school  that  early  on  encour- 
aged its  graduates  to  apply  their  fi- 
nancial savvy  to  charitable  work- 
he  spent  a  decade  at  Save  the  Child- 
ren. By  1990  he  was  managing  a 
staff  of  900  and  a  budget  of  $44  mil- 
lion as  the  director  of  Save  the 
Children's  operations  for  the  Middle 
East,  Europe,  and  North  Africa. 

Keny-Guyer  left  Save  the  Children 
in  1990  to  form  Keny-Guyer  Associ- 
ates, a  consulting  firm  that  offered 
strategic  guidance  to  companies,  non- 
profits, and  charitable  foundations. 
He  was  appointed  CEO  of  Mercy  Corps 
in  1 994.  Since  then  his  life  has  been  a 
whirlwind  of  international  flights, 
media  appearances,  and  high-level 
consultations.  Mercy  Corps' interna- 
tional profile  was  heightened  by  its 
lightning-fast  response  to  the  tsuna- 
mi that  struck  Southeast  Asia  in 


December  2004;  within  twenty-four 
hours,  a  team  had  been  dispatched 
to  the  western  coast  of  Sumatra  to 
survey  the  devastation. 

The  centerpiece  of  Mercy  Corps' 
response  in  Southeast  Asia  has  been 
its  Cash  for  Work  program,  which 
sped  the  recovery  effort  by  hiring 
poor  laborers  to  clear  roads  and 
rebuild  schools,  improving  the 
region's  infrastructure  while  putting 
cash  in  the  pockets  of  its  poorest  resi- 
dents. This  businesslike  approach 
earned  plaudits  from  former  Presi- 
dent Bill  Clinton  and  The  Wall  Street 
Journal,  which  described  Mercy  Corps 
as"one  of  the  most  innovative  of  the 
SO-plus  charities  working  on  Sumatra." 

Two  weeks  after  the  tsunami 
struck,  Keny-Guyer  was  summoned 
to  the  White  House  to  discuss  relief 
efforts  with  President  George  W.  Bush. 
"We  have  a  reputation  in  Washington 
as  being  the  international  NGO  that 
pushes  above  its  organizational 
weight,  that  has  a  bias  for  action, 
and  also  that  works  with  others  in 
very  creative  ways,"  Keny-Guyer  says. 

He  spends  the  little  free  time  he 
has  with  his  wife,  Alissa  Keny-Guyer, 
and  theirthree  children. "One  of  the 
biggest  challenges  for  me  is  balanc- 
ing the  demands  and  reguirements 
of  my  job  and  my  family,"  Neil  Keny- 
Guyer  says.  "I  want  to  be  a  good  dad 
and  a  good  spouse." 

—Jared  Mueller  '09 


July-August  2007 


A  flat  world 
calls  for 
well-rounded 
leaders. 


The  Global  Leaders  Program  brings  together  senior  executives  from  diverse 
organizations  and  leading  faculty  from  the  Indian  Institute  of  Management, 
Ahmedabad  and  Duke  University.  The  course,  taught  in  two  sessions  on 
different  sides  of  the  world,  uses  both  theory  and  experience  to  create  a  deeper 
understanding  of  how  to  grow,  innovate  and  lead  in  a  multi-national,  multi- 
cultural environment.  Register  at  DukeGlobalLeaders.com. 


DUKE 


Session  1:  August  20-27,  Ahmedabad, 


Session  2:  September  17-24,  Durham,  NC 


Expand  your  perspective  with  two  other  Duke  programs.  Visit  DukeExecEd.com  to  learn  mc 
uccessful  Outsourcing  &  Offshoring  Strategies:  Discover  how  to  better  manage  global  human 
Climate  Change  Leadership  Program:  Get  your  company  on  the  leading  edge  of  this  global  i: 


1980s 


Thomas  Henry  Flournoy  BSE.  '80,  M.S.  89, 
Ph.D.  '91  has  earned  an  M.B.A.  from  the  Richard 
Stockton  College  of  New  Jersey,  graduaring  with  dis- 
tinction and  earning  the  Dean's  Award.  He  is  manag- 
er of  the  Federal  Aviation  Administration's 
Propulsion  and  Fuel  System  Research  Branch  and 
serves  as  a  captain  in  the  Navy  Reserve,  supporting 
the  Joint  Strike  Fighter  program  office. 

Keith  Evan  Hickerson  '80  has  joined  The 
American  College  in  Bryn  Mawr,  Pa.,  as  vice  presi- 
dent of  marketing  communications  and  research.  He 
previously  served  as  vice  president  of  corporate  mar- 
keting for  UnumProvidenr  Corp. 

John  H.  Hickey  J.D.  '80,  a  trial  lawyer  in  Miami, 
testified  before  the  U.S.  Congressional  Subcommit- 
tee on  Coast  Guard  and  Maritime  Transportation  in 
March,  on  the  incidence  of  sexual  assaults  and  other 
crimes  on  cruise  ships.  Hickey 's  practice  focuses  on 
maritime,  personal-injury,  and  commercial  litigation. 

S.  Marshall  Huey  Jr.  '80  was  installed  as  the  19th 
rector  of  the  300-year-old  Old  St.  Andrew's  Parish 
Church  in  Charleston,  S.C.,  this  past  November. 
The  church  is  the  oldest  surviving  church  building  in 
the  Carolinas.  Huey  is  a  former  lawyer  and  is  a  mem- 
ber of  the  board  of  trustees  of  the  University  of  the 
South  and  of  the  Diocese  of  South  Carolina.  He  lives 
with  his  two  sons,  Gordon  and  James,  in  Charleston. 

Elizabeth  Alison  Fannin  '81  was  invited  to 

teach  at  the  OhioDance  Festival  2007  at  Bowling 
Green  State  University  in  April.  Earlier  that  month, 
she  performed  in  The  EveryWoman  Series:  The  Red 
Thread  at  the  Southern  Theatre  in  Columbus,  Ohio, 
alongside  dancers  from  the  Isadora  Duncan  Dance 
Foundation's  company  and  the  Thiossane  West 
African  Dance  Company. 

Susan  H.  Fitzgibbon  B.S.N.  '81,  M.H.A.  '84  is 
the  president  of  Annie  Penn  Hospital  and  executive 
vice  president  of  Moses  Cone  Health  System.  She 
and  her  husband,  Brad  Shumaker,  have  two  college- 
age  children. 

Michael  T.  Renaud  B.S.M.E.  '85  has  joined  the 
Boston  office  of  Pepper  Hamilton  as  a  partner.  His 
practice  focuses  on  intellectual-property  litigation,  in 
particular  patent,  copyright,  trademark,  and  trade- 
secret  disputes. 

Susan  Gail  Pinke  '86  was  appointed  a  senior  vice 
president  at  KPR-NY,  a  pharmaceutical  advertising 
agency  that  is  part  of  the  Omnicom  Group. 

Jonathan  W.  RagalS  '86  is  the  chief  operating 
officer  of  360i,  a  search  markering  firm  with  offices 
in  New  York  and  Atlanta.  He  lives  with  his  wife, 
Deborah,  and  twin  daughters,  Emily  and  Arielle,  in 
Pleasantville,  N.Y. 

David  Wayne  Johnson  Jr.  '87  is  co-producing  a 
movie  on  marching  bands  that  was  pitched  at  the 
Sundance  Film  Festival.  See  wwu\fromthe50yardline. 
com  tor  more  inton 


Erik  Norris  Johnson  '87  is  the  commanding  offi- 
cer of  Fleet  Air  Reconnaissance  Squadron  THREE, 
located  at  Tinker  Air  Force  Base  in  Oklahoma. 

Brian  Lloyd  Rubin  A.M.  '87,  J.D.  '87  published 
an  article  in  The  National  Law  Journal  about  the 
consolidation  of  NASD  and  the  New  York  Stock 
Exchange.  Rubin  is  a  partner  in  the  Washington 
office  of  Sutherland  Asbill  &.  Brennan,  where  he 
represents  companies  and  individuals  being  investi- 
gated and  prosecuted  by  the  SEC,  NASD,  NYSE,  and 
the  states.  He  previously  served  as  NASD's  deputy 
chief  counsel  of  enforcement. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


David  Michael  Killoran  '88  is  the  founder,  CEO, 
and  director  of  course  development  for  PovverScore 
Inc.,  a  test-preparation  company  based  on  Hilton 
Head  Island,  S.C.  He  founded  and  previously  ran  a 
test-preparation  company  in  Los  Angeles. 

David  Alan  Simon  '88  heads  the  Flourishing 
Simon  Investment  Consulting  Group  of  Wachovia 
Securities  in  Conshohocken,  Pa.  He  is  a  former  presi- 
dent of  the  Duke  Alumni  Club  of  Philadelphia,  and 
lives  in  Dresher,  Pa.,  with  his  wife,  Maria,  and  their 
daughters,  Arielle,  Marissa,  and  Emily. 

Kevin  John  Bozic  B.S.E.  '89  has  been  elected  to 
the  board  of  directors  for  the  American  Academy  of 
Orthopaedic  Surgeons.  He  currently  serves  as  an 
assistant  professor  in  residence  in  the  department  of 
orthopaedic  surgery  and  the  Institute  for  Health 
Policy  Studies  at  UCLA. 

MARRIAGES:  Susan  H.  Fitzgibbon  B.S.N.  '81, 
M.H.A.  '84  to  Brad  Shumaker  on  Oct.  7,  2006. 
Residence:  Reidsville,N.C... Stephen  Kelly  Pardo 
'87  to  Chrysanthe  T.  Tsilibes  '87  on  Oct.  7, 
2006.  Residence:  Greenwich,  Conn.... David  Alan 
Simon  '88  to  Maria  Leckerman  on  Nov.  19,  2006. 
Residence:  Dresher,  Pa. 

BIRTHS:  First  child  and  daughter  to  Jayme  Holstein 
'85  and  Michael  Holstein  on  Dec.  20,  2006.  Named 
Lyla  Brooke. .  Daughter  to  Donald  Collins  Mullen 
Jr.  B.S.  '85  and  Tammi  Brooks  on  Jan.  14.  Named 
Eleanor  Brooks  Mullen. .  .First  children  and  triplets, 
two  daughters  and  a  son,  to  Beth  Alice  Mason 
O'Dell  '85  and  Mark  Anthony  O'Dell  '85  on 
Jan.  31,  2007.  Named  Alexandra  Kate,  Daniel  John, 
and  Lauren  Marie. .  .Seventh  child  and  second 
daughter  to  John  DeMatteo  II  '86  and  Kristine 
Gonzalez  DeMatteo  '87  on  Jan.  14,  2007.  Named 
Luisa  Grace. .  .Second  child  and  first  son  to  Gigi 
Perkinson  Hershey  '86  and  Steve  Hershey  on 
Jan.  3,  2007.  Named  Jacob  Joseph... Seventh  child 
and  second  daughter  to  Kristine  Gonzalez 
DeMatteo  '87  and  John  DeMatteo  II  '86  on 
Jan.  14,  2007.  Named  Luisa  Grace. .  .Second  child  and 
first  son  to  Erik  Norris  Johnson  '87  and  Brenda 
Lee  Johnson  on  Jan.  31,  2007.  Named  Magnus  James. . . 
Third  child  and  first  son  to  Tracy  Klingeman 
Stalzer  '88  and  Brian  Stalzer  on  Sept.  5,  2006.  Named 
Brian  Henry... First  child  and  daughter  to  Karen 
Levin  Acosta  '89  and  Luis  Acosta  on  Oct.  20,  2006. 
Named  Juliet  Rose. .  .Sixth  child  and  fourth  son  to 
Ann  Wells  Dorminy  '89  and  John  Henry 
Dorminy  IV  '91  on  Oct.  16,  2006.  Named  Jonathan 
Luke... First  child  and  son  to  Lauren  Foreman 
Hood  '89  and  Colin  Hood  on  Dec.  29,  2006.  Named 
Joseph  Ian. 


1990s 


Stephen  Bernard  Brotman  '90  has  joined  the 
investment  and  merchant  bank  Greenhill  and  Co.  as 
a  managing  director.  He  heads  the  firm's  newly 
formed  venture-capital  arm,  which  includes  the  $100 
million  SAVP  Fund.  Brotman  lives  with  his  wife, 
Paula,  and  three  children  in  Westfield,  N.J. 

Kevin  Lawrence  Leahy  '90  has  been  named  presi- 
dent of  the  board  of  directors  of  the  Sustainable  Food 
Center.  He  was  a  partner  in  the  center's  litigation  section. 
He  also  serves  on  the  advisory  board  of  the  Wine  and 
Food  Foundation  of  Texas  and  is  an  avid  gardener  in  the 
fourth  year  of  a  seed-and-plant  program  aimed  at  re- 
introducing the  Texas  madrone  to  his  Austin  property. 

Monique  Alexandra  Tuttle  '90  has  joined  Vail 
Resorts  in  Broomfield,  Colo.,  as  senior  corporate  coun- 
sel. She  and  her  husband,  Jeff  Johnson,  live  in  Denver. 


MINI-PROFILE 

]anice  Kephart  '86, 
tightening  the  country's 
porous  borders 

In  1997,  two  illegal  aliens  from 
Palestine  were  arrested  and 
charged  with  planning  to  deto- 
nate pipe  bombs  in  the  New 
York  subway  system.  A  senator  asked 
Janice  Kephart,  a  staff  lawyer  for  the 
Senate  Judiciary  Subcommittee  on 
Terrorism,  Technology,  and  Govern- 
ment Information,  to  investigate 
how  the  men  were  able  to  remain  in 
the  U.S.  as  long  as  they  had. 

But  when  Kephart  asked  immi- 
gration officials  details  of  their 
national-security  policy,  she  received 
blank  stares.  They  told  her  that  stop-  '. 
ping  terrorism  was  the  domain  of  the ' 
FBI,  not  the  INS.  Kephart  remembers  . 
feeling  incredulous.  "Nobody  ever      : 
thought  to  put  immigration  and  na-  ;■ 
tional  security together/'she  recalls.   ; 
Then  9/1 1  happened— and  every- 
thing changed. 

Appointed  as  a  counsel  to  the  9/1 1 
Commission,  Kephart  researched  all 
the  contacts  the  hijackers  had  had 
with  the  immigration  service  before 
the  attacks  and  became  a  chief 
author  of  the  commission's  mono- 
graph, 9/1 1  and  Terrorist  Travel.  She 
has  testified  before  Congress  on  border 
issues  more  than  a  half-dozen  times 
since  then.  Her  mantra:  The  U.S.  gov- 
ernment must  be  able  to  verify  the 
identity  of  those  who  enter  its  bor- 
ders. The  biggest  obstacle  to  secure 
borders,  Kephart  believes,  isn't  so 
much  politics  as  bureaucracy. 

"It's  a  huge  frustration  for  me  to 
see  how  the  system  discourages  re- 
spect—and encourages  disrespect 
— for  the  law,"  she  says. 

After  majoring  in  political  science 
and  history  at  Duke  and  earning  a 
law  degree  from  Villanova  University, 
she  worked  for  a  law  firm  in  Philadel- 
phia helping  to  bust  racketeers.  Her 
interests  began  to  change  in  1993, 
when  car  bombs  in  a  lower  parking 
garage  of  the  World  Trade  Center  ex- 
ploded, killing  six  people  and  injur- 
ing more  than  at 


Her  brother-in-law  was  on  the 
fortieth  floor  of  one  of  the  towers.  "It 
was  about  7:00  p.m.  that  night  that 
my  brother-in-law  was  able  to  call  to 
say  he'd  made  it  out," recalls  Kephart. 
"I  never  forgot  what  it  felt  like  to 
Wait  for  that  phone  call." 

In  2006  Kephart  founded  9/11 
Security  Solutions  LLC,  a  business 
that  sells  advice  to  companies  whose 
security  products  and  services  align 
with  her  goals  for  sound  national 
policy.  She  advocates  for  states  to 
comply  with  the  Real  ID  Act,  passed 
in  2005,  which,  among  other  things, 
creates  federal  standards  for  driver's 
license  identification. 

Some  states  have  more  lax  stan- 
dards than  others  in  what  they  re- 
quire of  applicants,  Kephart  says,  cit- 
ing one  blatant  example:  The  nine- 
teen 9/1 1  hijackers  had  thirty  driver's 
licenses  among  them,  and  seven  had 
obtained  their  licenses  illegally.  The 
ability  of  applicants  to  obtain  multi- 
ple licenses  is  just  one  of  several 
loopholes  Kephart  would  like  to  see 
closed,  a  step  that  would  also  make  it 
harder  for  identity  thieves,  convicted 
drunk  drivers,  deadbeat  parents,  and 


I.D.  counterfeiters  to  skirt  the  law. 

Kephart  supports  standardized 
identity  documentation  at  U.S.  bor- 
ders (including  Canada)  and  a  tight- 
ening of  reciprocal  arrangements 
with  countries  that  allow  visas  to  be 
waived  for  their  nation's  travelers. 
"It's  important  that  you  get  some 
form  of  vetting  before  arriving  at  our 
port  of  entry/'she  explains. 

Kephart  has  appeared  on  CNN  and 
other  major  networks  and  published 
op-ed  pieces  in  The  Washington 
Times.  As  a  keynote  speaker  at  the 
Security  Document  World  2007 
Conference  and  Exhibition  in  London 
in  May,  she  argued  that  security 
measures  taken  now,  though  initially 
expensive,  can  pay  off  in  the  long 
run. 

"When  you  build  integrity  into 
the  system,  you  have  a  decrease  in 
problems.  They  are  not  huge  costs 
compared  to  the  cost  of  not  doing 
them." 


Larson  is  the  president  of  Stellar 
Media  based  in  Waynesville,  NX. 


July-August  2007 


MINI-PROFILE 


Erik  Torkells  '92,  travel  editor 


rikTorkells,  editor  of  Arthur 

Frommers  Budget  Travel  mag- 
azine, has  visited  about 
twenty-five  countries  on  five 
continents,  but  his  first  taste  of  travel 
didn't  come  until  he  went  to  Duke. 

"I'll  never  forget  walking  through 
the  Raleigh-Durham  airport  with  Dad," 


I  thought, 'These  are  my  people.'" 
After  graduating  with  a  major  in 
English,  Torkells  returned  to  New  York 
and  never  left.  He  first  was  a  freelance 
fact  checker  for  Rolling  Stone  and  later 
became  assistant  to  the  editor  at 
Town  &  Country.  "It  wasn't  my  world," 
he  recalls,  "but  I  learned  a  lot." 


I'd  like.  I'm  in  a  lot  of  meetings,  like 
anyone  else." 

Still,  he  goes  on  about  a  dozen 
trips  a  year  and  finds  he  loves"being 
the  scout  who  finds  neat  things  and 
tells  people  about  them,"  he  says. 
"We  have  a  lot  of  real  people  in  our 
magazine.  That's  what  differentiates 


recallsTorkells,  who  grew  up  in  Hunt- 
ington Beach,  California.  "We  hadn't 
even  visited  before  I  applied.  And 
here  I  was  moving  across  the  coun- 
try, and  I  didn't  know  anybody." 

Going  to  Duke  also  gave  him  his 
first  taste  of  a  different  culture.  "I'd 
never  been  anywhere  where  you 
walked  somewhere,  and  people 
smiled  at  you  and  said  hello,"  he  says. 
"It  was  kind  of  like  being  abroad." 

His  junior  year  he  spent  a  semes- 
ter in  New  York  City.  "It  was  my  first 
experience  in  a  city,"  he  says.  "New 
York  made  me  independent."Without 
any  journalism  experience,  Torkells 
got  an  internship  at  the  now-defunct 
Egg  magazine.  "It  was  started  by  Mal- 
colm Forbes  and  was  like  Interview 
crossed  with  Spy"  he  says. "I  loved  it. 


From  there  Torkells  went  to  For- 
tune, where  he  wrote  and  edited 
lifestyle  stories.  He  has  been  the  edi- 
torof  the  575,000-circulation  Surfgef 

7iwe/since2003. 

"Every  job  I've  had  has  been  about 
telling  people  how  to  spend  their 
time  and  money,  but  this  is  the  first 
magazine  where  I  had  to  know  the 
topic  inside  and  out," says  Torkells,  who 
often  is  called  upon  by  the  media  to 
predict  travel  trends  and  does  regular 
commentary  on  CNN  and  cnn.com. 
(One  trend  he's  jumped  on  is  "girl- 
friend getaways";  he  started  a  yearly 
Budget  Travel  spin-off  on  the  topic.) 

He  says  he's  aware  that  many  folks 
view  "travel  editor"as  a  dream  job.  "I 
try  to  make  it  seem  like  that,  but  of 
course  I  don't  get  to  travel  as  much  as 


it  from  the  more  upscale  ones." 

He  got  help  from  real  people  for 
another  project:  compiling  readers' 
suggestions  from  "20  Tips,"a  popular 
feature  in  the  magazine,  into  a  re- 
cently published  book  called  TheSmart 
Traveler's  Passport.  He's  also  editor 
of  BudgetTravelOnline.  com . 

The  question  readers  ask  most 
often  of  Torkells  is,  Where  should  I  go 
on  vacation? "  It  depends  on  what  you 
like  to  do,"  he  tells  them,  before  reel- 
ing off  a  list  of  possibilities.  He  does- 
n't like  to  predict  which  destinations 
are  going  to  be"hot,"he  says. "That 
question  just  galls  me.  Most  of  us 
want  to  see  the  Taj  Mahal  some  day, 
but  it's  never  going  to  be  fashionable." 
—Diane  Daniel 
Daniel  is  a  freelance  writer  in  Durham. 


William  "Mo"  Cowan  '91  has  been  named  to  a 
17-member  diversity  committee  to  advise  the 
Middlesex  County  (Mass.)  district  attorney.  Cowan  is 
a  member  in  the  Boston  office  of  the  law  firm  Mintz, 
Levin,  Cohn,  Ferris,  Glovsky  and  Popeo. 

Suzanne  Elaine  Gilbert  '92  has  been  named 
practice  group  leader  for  the  Central  Florida  Litigation 
Group  at  Holland  &  Knight.  She  will  oversee  the 
16-member  litigation  group  based  in  Orlando. 

Carl  Ginsberg  '92  has  been  elected  to  serve  as 
District  Court  judge  of  the  193rd  Judicial  Civil 
District  State  Court  in  Dallas  County,  Texas. 

John  C.  Jaye  '93  has  been  named  a  partner  in  the 
Charlotte  office  of  Parker  Poe  Adams  &  Bernstein. 
His  practice  focuses  on  securities  law  and  corporate 
finance. 

Rebecca  Mather  McNeill  M.S.  '93  has  been  pro- 
moted to  of  counsel  at  Finnegan,  Henderson,  Farabow, 
Garrett  &  Dunner,  an  intellectual-property  law  firm 
based  in  Washington.  Her  practice  focuses  on  bio- 
technology patent  prosecution  and  client  counseling. 

Jill  Heather  Cartwright  '94  has  been  named  to 
Who's  Who  Among  Stiuients  in  American  Colleges  and  Uni- 
versities. She  is  pursuing  an  M.B.A.  at  Babson  College. 

John  Mark  Sampson  '94  is  a  lawyer  at  Womble, 
Carlyle,  Sandridge,  and  Rice  in  Greensboro,  special- 
izing in  labor  and  employment  law.  He  lives  with  his 
wife,  Mary  Suzanne  Miller  '96,  in  Greensboro. 

Suzanne  Miriam  Scheuing  '94  has  joined 

Freeborn  ek  Peters  in  C  'hicayo  as  an  associate. 

Melanie  Elizabeth  Shoffner  '94,  MAT.  '96  is 

an  assistant  professor  of  English  education  at  Purdue 
University  in  West  Lafayette,  Ind.  She  earned  her 
Ph.D.  in  education  from  UNC-CH  in  2006. 

Darryl  Wade  Anderson  '95  has  been  elevated 
to  partner  at  the  Houston  law  office  of  Fulbright  & 
Jaworski.  His  practice  focuses  on  complex  business 
litigation  and  class-action  suits.  He  serves  as  secretary/ 
treasurer  of  the  Houston  Bar  Association's  antitrust 
and  trade  regulation  section. 

Luke  Dollar  '95,  M.S.  '05,  Ph.D.  '06  has  been  named 

an  "Emerging  Explorer"  by  National  Geographic. 
The  Emerging  Explorers  Program  annually  recognizes 
up  to  10  "uniquely  gifted  and  inspiring  young  adven- 
turers, scientists,  photographers,  and  storytellers  ... 
who  are  already  making  a  difference  early  in  their 
careers."  Explorers  receive  $10,000  for  research  and 
exploration.  Dollar,  a  conservation  scientist,  has 
spent  more  than  a  decade  studying  and  fighting  to 
protect  the  fossa,  a  lemur  found  only  in  Madagascar. 

Katrina  Worsley  Hush  '95  runs  an  online  chil- 
dren's boutique,  ProphecyWear.com. 

Jonathan  David  Hyde  Lamb  '95  has  been  hired 
as  an  associate  in  Hanify  &  King's  business-litigation 
ptactice  group.  He  lives  in  Boston. 
Brian  T.  Racilla  '95  has  been  named  a  principal  at 
the  Washington  office  of  Fish  &  Richardson.  His 
practice  focuses  on  intellectual-property  litigation 
and  counseling. 

Chris  Campbell  '96  has  been  named  head  coach 
for  the  Matymount  University  men's  golf  team.  He 
will  continue  as  ditector  of  recruiting  for  women's 
basketball.  He  has  just  completed  his  second  season 
in  that  role. 

Lucas  Carlos  Lamadrid  rh.D.  '96  has  been 
appointed  vice  president  of  enrollment  management 
and  student  affairs  at  Belmont  Abbey  College  in 
Belmont,  N.C.  He  pteviously  served  as  vice  president 
and  chief  student  affairs  officer  at  St.  Vincent 
College  in  Latrobe,  Pa. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Mary  Suzanne  Miller  '96  is  a  gynecologist  with 

Greensboro  Women's  Health  Care.  She  lives  with  her 
husband,  John  Mark  Sampson  '94,  in  Greensboro. 

Elizabeth  Jewelle  Johnson  J.D.  '97  has  been 
named  one  of  "Atlanta's  Top  100  Black  Women  of 
Influence"  by  the  Atlanta  Business  League.  She  has 
also  been  elected  president  of  the  Georgia  Associa- 
tion of  Black  Women  Attorneys.  Johnson  is  a  partner 
at  Fisher  &  Phillips  and  focuses  on  employment-liti- 
gation  defense. 

Geoffrey  W.  Adams  J.D.  '98  has  been  named 
partner  in  the  law  firm  Smith,  Anderson,  Blount, 
Dorsett,  Mitchell  &  Jernigan  in  Raleigh.  He  practices 
in  the  areas  of  mergers  and  acquisitions  and  banking 
and  finance. 

Lourdes  "Luli"  Lopez-Merino  '98  was  matried 
in  November  in  a  vineyard  in  Chile.  The  wedding, 
featured  on  the  Style  Network's  Married  Away  show, 
was  televised  in  April. 

Tara  Marie  Allen  J.D.  '99  has  joined  Jackson 
Walker  as  an  associate  in  the  business-transactions 
group  of  the  Austin,  Texas,  office.  Her  practice  focus- 
es on  mergers  and  acquisitions,  investment  funds, 
corporate  governance,  and  general  corporate  law. 

Nicholas  Mainey  Brown  Ph.D.  '99  has  won  a 
Fulbright  grant  to  lecture  and  research  in  Brazil.  His 
research  explores  rhe  significance  of  the  critical  theo- 
rists of  the  Ftankfurt  School  to  the  undersranding  of 
contemporary  culture  in  Bra:il  and  elsewhere.  Brown  is 
an  associate  professor  of  English  and  African- American 
studies  at  the  University  of  Illinois-Chicago. 

L.  Elizabeth  Gibbes  J.D.  '99,  L.L.M.  '99  has  been 
named  a  partner  in  the  Spartanburg,  S.C.,  office  of 
Parker  Poe  Adams  &  Bernstein.  She  is  a  member  of  the 
business-law  practice  group,  and  her  practice  concen- 
trates on  business-immigration  and  commercial  law. 

Rhett  Iseman  Trull  '99  is  the  founding  editor  of 
the  poetry  journal  Cai'e  Wall.  She  lives  in  Greensboro, 
where  she  manages  Cave  Wall  Press. 

MARRIAGES:  Melynn  Elizabeth  Glusman  '94 

to  Timothy  A.  Nordgren  on  Feb.  7,  2007.  Residence: 
Raleigh... Vanessa  Renita  Kelly  '95  to  Michael 
Wideman  on  Jan.  14,  2006.  Residence:  Columbia, 
S.C. .  ..Amy  Leigh-Ann  Knight  '95  to  James  Richard 
Nelson  on  May  20,  2006.  Residence:  High  Point, 
N.C....Shari  Lynn  Kessler '96  to  Mark  Richard 
Braverman  on  Sept.  16,  2006.  Residence:  South 
Setauket,  NY...  Lourdes  "Luli"  Lopez-Merino 
'98  to  Damion  Marx  on  Nov.  25,  2006.  Residence: 
Boca  Raton,  Fla  ...Rebekah  Marie  Agner  '99  to 

Thomas  Brian  Stanton  on  Sept.  9,  2006.  Residence: 
Charlotte... David  S.  Chang  '99  to  Esther  1.  Huang 
on  April  28,  2007.  Residence:  Boston. 

BIRTHS:  Second  son  to  Norman  Stephen  "Steve" 
Himes  Jr.  '90  and  Elizabeth  Collins  Himes 

'92  on  Feb.  27,  2007.  Named  Chad  Collins... Third 
child  and  son  ro  Melissa  Home  Trimble  '90  and 
Edward  Loring  Trimble  B.S.M.E.  '90  on  Feb.  6, 
2007.  Named  Davis  Bonds. .  .Second  daughter  to 
Daniel  Yehuda  Zohar  '90  and  Meredith  Blankenship 
Zoharonjan.  29,  2007.  Named  Isabela  Melania... Sixth 
child  and  foutth  son  to  John  Henry  Dorminy  IV 
'91  and  Ann  Wells  Dorminy  '89  on  Oct.  16,  2006. 
Named  Jonathan  Luke. .  .Third  child  and  second  son 

to  Deborah  Banks  Forrest  '91  and  Jonathan 

Forrest  on  Feb.  20,  2007.  Named  Noah  Martin... 
Second  son  to  Elizabeth  Collins  Himes  '92  and 
Norman  Stephen  "Steve"  Himes  Jr.  '90  on 

Feb.  27,  2007.  Named  Chad  Collins. .  .Second  child 
and  first  daughter  to  Thomas  R.  Talbot  III  '92 
and  Helen  Talbot  on  Nov.  16,  2006.  Named  Anna 
Kathleen. .  .Second  child  and  first  son  to  Madan 
Narayana  Kandula  '93  and  Gwen  M.  Kandula  on 


Dec.  29,  2006.  Named  Cole  Madan... Second  child 

and  first  daughter  to  Cristina  Fiori  Argeles  '95, 
M.E.M.  00  and  Pablo  Christian  Argeles  '95  on 

Feb.  28,  2007.  Named  Margot  Elisaberh... Second 
child  and  firsr  son  to  Shoshana  Leigh  Buchholz- 
Miller  '95  and  Victor  Miller  on  April  21,  2006. 
Named  Atticus  Paul. ..Firsr  child  and  daughter  to 

Jeanne  Ann  Collins  '95  and  Matthew  Vincent 

Valenti  '95  on  Feb.  5,  2007.  Named  Tinstey  Cairn. . . 
Second  child  and  daughter  to  Jason  Myles 
Goger  '95  and  Joanna  Boettinger  Goger  '95 
on  July  25,  2006.  Named  Amelia  Grace... First  child 
and  daughter  to  Heather  Ann  Bartholf  Harries 
'95  and  David  Harries  on  Jan.  18,  2007.  Named 
CalistaDianne...SecondsontoKatrina  Worsley 
Hush  '95  and  Thaddeus  Hush  on  Nov.  6,  2006. 
Named  Ethan  Xen. .  .First  child  and  daughter  to 
Matthew  Vincent  Valenti  '95  and  Jeanne 
Ann  Collins  '95  on  Feb.  5,  2007.  Named  Tinsley 
Cairn. .  .First  child  and  son  to  Vanessa  Kelly 
Wideman  '95  and  Michael  Wideman  on  Dec.  11, 
2006.  Named  Devlin  Andre... First  children  and  twin 
daughtets  to  Jutta  "Judy"  Schmitt  Adams  '96 
and  Henry  C.  Adams,  on  Jan.  4,  2007.  Named  Sarah 
Elisabeth  and  Catherine  Merino. .  .First  child  and 

daughter  to  Tamara  John  Mannelly  '96  and 
James  Patrick  Mannelly  '97  on  Dec.  24,  2005. 
Named  Tyler  Opal. .  .Son  to  Tracey  Rich  Yonteff 
'96  and  Jeff  Yonteff  on  Jan.  10,  2007.  Named  Alex 
Ray... First  child  and  daughter  to  James  Patrick 
Mannelly  '97  and  Tamara  John  Mannelly  '96 
on  Dec.  24,  2005.  Named  Tyler  Opal. .  .Second  son  to 
David  McLeod  Jordan  '98  and  Ashlyn  Nesbit 
Jordan  '99  on  March  13,  2007.  Named  Zack  Nesbit. . . 
Twin  daughters  to  Lisa  Levine  Schneider  '98 
and  Mark  Schneider  on  Nov.  24,  2006.  Named  Ava 
Juliet  and  Gabrielle  Sophie. .  .First  daughter  to  Jessica 
Kozlov  Davis  '99  and  Zachary  Davis  '99  on 
Feb.  28,  2007.  Named  Eliza  Alison... Second  son  to 
Ashlyn  Nesbit  Jordan  '99  and  David  McLeod 
Jordan  '98  on  March  13,  2007.  Named  Zack  Nesbit. 


2000s 


Eric  David  Spencer  '01  is  co-author  of  the  book 
Get  Between  the  Covers:  Leave  a  Legacy  f>\  Writing  a 
Book.  The  book  debuted  at  No.  7  on  Amazon.com  in 
December. 

Nicholas  John  Bakatsias  '02  has  joined 
Carruthers  &  Roth  in  Greensboro  as  an  associate. 
His  practice  will  focus  on  taxation  and  business  law. 

Kari  Lynne  Hess  '03  is  pursuing  a  doctorate  in 
physical  therapy  ar  Boston  University. 
Christopher  Johnson  '03  completed  his  mastet's 
degree  in  professional  writing  at  the  University  of 
Southern  California  in  December  He  lives  in  Los 
Angeles  and  works  as  a  TV  producer. 

Brian  David  Waddy  B.S.F.  '04  has  been  named  the 
U.S.  Army  Forces  Command  Soldier  of  the  Year.  Waddy 
is  an  intelligence  analyst  stationed  at  the  32nd  Army 
Air  &  Missile  Defense  Command,  Fort  Bliss,  Texas. 

MARRIAGES:  Christopher  Randall  Jordan  '00 

to  Christy  Denise  Durden  on  March  10,  2007.  Resi- 
dence: St.  Simons  Island,  Ga....Lea  J.  Krivinskas 
'00  to  Spencer  Howell  Shepard  IV  00  on 
Oct.  28,  2006.  Residence:  Westlake,  Ohio. ..Justin 
Mulhern  Offen  B.S.E.  '01  to  Shannon  Anne 
Sweeney  on  Nov.  25,  2006.  Residence:  New  Yotk... 
Darin  Howard  Buxbaum  03  to  Anna  Lauren 
Ichel  '04  on  Aug.  27,  2006.  Residence:  Palo  Alto, 
Calif...  Jon  Ross  Carter  05  to  Emily  Elizabeth 
Carry  '06  on  Dec.  30,  2006.  Residence:  New  Yotk. 
BIRTHS:  First  child  and  daughter  to  Melissa 


Nygaard  Aenchbacher  '00  and  Phil  Aenchbacher 

on  Dec.  17,  2006.  Named  Cameron  Reagan... First 

child  and  son  to  Christine  Elizabeth  Borasky 

Murray  '00  and  Tom  Murray  on  March  7,  2007. 
Named  Evan  Thomas. .  .First  child  and  daughter  to 
Preston  Wayne  Hammock  02  and  Kristine 
Hammock  on  March  29,  2007.  Named  Ava  Grace... 
First  daughtet  to  Doungamon  Fon  Muttamara- 
Walker  J.D.  '04  and  Tim  Walker  on  March  28,  2007. 
Named  Payson. 


Deaths 


Editor's  note:  The  volume  of  obituaries  ■submitted  has 
created  a  considerable  backli  >« .  In  an  effort  to  provide 
better  service  to  our  alumni  and  friends ,  we  have  included 
additional  pages  of  obituaries  in  this  issue.  Notification 
of  the  deaths  of  alumni  before  2006  was  only  recently 
received  by  the  r 


Eleanor  Collins  Luquire  '25  of  Durham,  on 

Feb.  24,  2007.  Survivors  include  two  siblings. 

Leila  Hubbard  Morrison  '28  of  Lenoir,  N.C.,  on 

March  3,  2006. 

Milford  J.  Baum  '30  of  Kitty  Hawk,  N.C.,  on 
Feb.  15,2006. 

Oscie  Louise  Crosland  '30  of  Wilmington, 

N.C.,  on  Dec.  14,  2005.  Survivors  include  two  sons,  a 
sister,  a  brother,  tour  grandchildren,  and  two  great- 
grandchildren. 

Thomas  Jefferson  Jackson  Davis  Jr.  '30  of 

Eatonton,  Ga.,  on  Feb.  6,  2000. 

Ida  P.  Eatmon  '31  of  Raleigh,  on  Nov.  21,  2006. 

Survivors  include  a  cousin,  Alec  P.  Flowers  '48. 

Peter  M.  Marino  '31  of  Deerfield  Beach,  Fla.,  on 
Dec.  20,  2005.  Survivors  include  two  children,  four 
grandchildren,  and  five  great-grandchildren. 

Mary  Eunice  Query  '31  of  Hudson,  N.C,  on 
April  3,  2007. 

Mary  Jane  Tate  Erhardt  '32  of  South  Bend,  Ind., 

on  Nov.  7,  1997. 

Esther  O'Brient  Hozendorf  '32  of  Little  Rock, 

Ark.,  on  Dec.  17,  2006.  Survivors  include  a  son,  a 

sistet,  four  granddaughters,  a  grandson,  and  seven 

great-grandchildren. 

Charles  C.  Liles  '32  of  Chapel  Hill,  on  Dec.  18, 
2006.  Survivors  include  three  children,  two  siblings, 
and  five  grandchildren. 

J.  Lemacks  Stokes  II  M.Div.  '32  of  Wilmington, 
N.C,  on  Nov.  23,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Alda;  two  children;  five  granddaughters;  and  18 
great-grandchildren. 

A.  Irene  Harrison  Strowd  '32  of  Chapel  Hill,  on 
Dec.  1,2000. 

Elizabeth  Rouse  Thomas  '32  of  Scottsdale, 

Ariz.,  on  March  23,  2007.  She  is  survived  by  two  chil- 
dren, including  Elizabeth  Webb  Armstrong 

'55;  three  stepdaughters;  15  grandchildren,  including 

Edward  Livingston  Armstrong  III  '89;  and 

14  great-gtandchildren. 

Lewis  E.  Anderson  A.M.  '33  of  Durham,  on 
Feb.  1,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Ruth  G. 
Anderson  N  '42;  and  five  children,  including 
Nancy  Ruth  Goodridge  68;  Carol  May 
Bellora  '69;  and  David  E.  Anderson  72. 

Mary  F.  "Holly"  Johnston  '33  of  Chattanooga, 
Tenn.,  on  April  15,  2004.  Survivors  include  a  daughter, 
a  son,  five  grandchildren,  and  13  great-grandchildren. 

Nola  Robinson  Ligon  '33  of  Charlottesville,  Va., 


July-August  2007 


on  Oct.  26,  2005.  Survivors  include  three  children 
and  three  grandchildren. 

Cora  Lillian  Patterson  33  of  Albemarle,  N.C., 
on  May  19,  2004. 

Ralph  N.  Rohrbaugh  '33  of  Waynesboro,  Pa.,  on 
Nov.  8,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Mary;  two 
daughtets;  a  sister;  six  grandchildren;  and  10  great- 
grandchildren. 

Henry  Gilbert  Stowe  '33  of  Belmont,  N.C.,  on 
April  14,  2007.  Survivors  include  two  children,  two 
siblings,  four  grandchildren,  and  live  great-grandchildren. 

Helen  K.  Royster  Armfield  '34  of  Hilton  Head 
Island,  S.C,  on  Feb.  28,  2006.  Survivors  include  two 
sons  and  a  granddaughter. 

Emma  Ellen  Cooke '34  of  Elkin,  N.C.,  on 

June  30,  2004. 

Frances  Tudor  Holly  '34  of  Hendersonville, 

N.C.,  on  Dec.  19,  2006.  Survivors  include  thtee  chil- 
dren, three  gtandchildren,  and  a  step-grandson. 

Harriet  Wannamaker  "Hatsie"  Moorhead 

'34  of  Durham,  on  March  2,  2007.  Survivors  include 
three  daughtets  and  two  grandchildren. 

Catherine  Serfas  Terry  '34  of  Bethlehem,  Pa., 
on  Jan.  31,  2007.  Survivors  include  two  children, 
seven  gtandchildren,  and  six  great-grandchildren. 

Maud  Hollowell  Black  R.N.  '35,  B.S.N.  '39  of 

Crowley,  La.,  on  Oct.  31,  2006.  Sutvivors  include 
four  children,  three  siblings,  six  grandchildren,  and 
four  great-grandchildren. 

Julia  Combs  Hanks  '35  of  New  Braunfels,  Texas, 
on  April  20,  2007.  Survivors  include  two  children,  a 
brother,  three  grandchildren,  and  a  great-grandson. 

Mona  Jenkins  Love  '35  of  Mount  Sterling,  Ky., 
on  Sept.  30,  2004. 

Priscilla  E.  Smith  Mohlhenrich  '35  of  Clinton, 
S.C.,  on  Oct.  29,  2006. 

Albert  C.  Monk  Jr.  '35  of  Farmville,  N.C.,  on  Jan. 
7,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Dorothy;  a  son, 
Albert  Coy  Monk  III  '61;  a  daughter;  a  brother; 
three  grandchildren,  including  Albert  Coy  Monk 

IV  '95;  and  one  great-grandchild. 

James  Long  Newsom  '35,  J. D.  '38  of  Chevy 
Chase,  Md.,  on  Feb.  25,  2007.  Survivors  include  two 
children;  four  siblings,  including  Annie  Laurie 
Newsom  Bugg  '36  and  John  W.  Newsom  '40; 

four  grandchildren;  three  step-grandchildren;  and 
one  great-grandchild. 

Susan  Singleton  Rose  '35,  A.M.  '87  of  Durham, 

on  April  30,  2007.  Survivors  include  a  daughter,  five 
grandchildren,  and  six  great-grandchildren. 

James  Ralph  Somers  '35  ofElon,  N.C.,  on 
Oct.  27,  2000.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Vera. 

Caroline  Phillips  Stoel  '35,  J.D.  '37  of  Portland, 
Ore.,  on  March  29,  2007.  Survivors  include  her  husband, 
Thomas  B.  Stoel  J.D.  '37;  four  children,  including 
Peter  F.  Stoel  '70;  a  sister;  seven  grandchildren; 
and  a  nephew,  Anthony  Wade  Aycock  '69. 

Nancy  Barbee  Chiemiego  '36  of  Charlotte,  on 
Dec.  19,  2006.  Survivors  include  two  children,  two 

grandchildren,  and  three  great-grandchildren. 

Gladys  Souder  Dahin  '36  of  Augusta,  Ga.,  on 
Dec.  27,  2006.  Survivors  include  a  son  and  a  grandson. 

Eleanor  Myers  Davis  '36  of  Clearwater,  Fla.,  on 
April  20,  2007.  Survivors  include  two  daughters  and 
three  grandchildren. 

Joseph  B.  Ford  '36,  M.D.  '40  of  Fresno,  Calif.,  on 
April  16,  2007.  Survivors  include  three  children, 


nine  grandchildren,  and  two  great -grandchildren. 

Louise  Relyea  McQuade  '36  of  Morristown,  N.J., 
on  Sept.  28,  2004.  Survivors  include  her  husband, 
Samuel  G.  McQuade  '36 

Thomas  Clayton  Parsons  '36  of  Altoona,  Pa., 
on  April  7,  2007.  He  is  survived  by  three  children, 
including  David  C.  Parsons  '63;  a  sistet,  Frances 
Parsons  Britsch  '46;  two  grandchildren;  and  a 

great-grandson. 

C.  Chadwick  Ballard  '37  of  Norfolk,  Va.,  on 
Jan.  29,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Eloise;  a 
daughter;  and  tour  grandchildren. 

Donna  Margaret  Day  '37  of  Palmetto,  Fla.,  on 
Nov.  21,  2006.  Survivors  include  two  daughters,  a 
sister,  and  three  grandchildren. 
Marion  Kyker  Lane  '37  of  Reidsville,  N.C.,  on 
Aug.  31,  2006.  Survivors  include  a  daughter;  her  sister, 
Kathryn  Kyker  Harris  '35;  and  three  grandchildren. 

Sarah  Brinn  Perry  '37  of  Hertford,  N.C.,  on 
March  4,  2007. 

John  David  Pickard  '37  of  Charlotte  on  Feb.  16, 
2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Sara;  a  daughter; 

five  grandchildren;  and  four  great-grandchildren. 

Socrates  Nicholas  Rumpanos  M.D.  '37  of 
Mobile,  Ala.,  on  March  23,  2007.  Survivors  include 
two  daughters,  a  sister,  tour  grandchildren,  and  five 
great-grandchildren. 

Norman  S.  Sharkey  '37  of  Monterey,  Calif,  on 

Nov.  29,  2006. 

William  I.  Smoot  '37  of  Largo,  Fla.,  on  Dec.  3,  2006. 
Survivors  include  his  wife,  Helen;  two  children;  a  sis- 
ter, Ann  Smoot  Cowin  '47;  and  four  grandchildren. 
Margie  B.  Thompson  R.N.  '37  of  Rhinebeck,  N.Y., 
on  Feb.  2,  2007.  Survivors  include  two  daughters,  a 
brother,  four  grandchildren,  and  five  great-grandchildren. 

Martha  Bishop  Ashby  '38  of  Orange  City,  Fla., 
on  Sept.  6,  2004-  Survivors  include  three  daughters,  a 
son,  and  six  grandchildren. 

Robert  E.L.  Bearden  Jr.  M.Div.  '38  of  Little  Rock, 
Ark.,  on  Aug.  15,  2006.  Survivors  include  a  daughter, 
a  granddaughtet,  and  two  great-grandchildren. 
Pauline  Barnwell  Dunne  '38,  A.M.  '53  of  Blowing 
Rock,  N.C,  on  Jan.  2,  2007.  Survivors  include  a  brother. 
Jeremiah  J.  Gorin  '38  of  Providence,  R.I.,  on 
Jan.  9,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Rosalind; 
and  three  children. 

James  Alfred  Martin  Jr.  A.M.  '38  of  Decatur,  Ga., 

on  Jan.  24,  2007.  Survivors  include  a  brother. 

Frances  Perle  Cody  McNabb  A.M.  '38  of 

Waynesville,  Tenn.,  on  Jan.  29,  2007.  Survivors 
include  a  daughter,  Donna  McNabb  Williams 
'62;  a  son;  two  grandchildren;  two  step-grandsons; 
and  five  step  great-grandchildren. 
Elizabeth  Balas  Powell  M.D.  '38  of  Houston, 
on  April  14,  2007.  Survivors  include  two  children, 
Barbara  Key  Powell  '71  and  N.  Berkeley 
Powell  M.D.  '74,  and  two  grandchildren. 
Gertrude  Potter  Schafer  '38  of  New  York,  on 
April  30,  2006. 

Ralph  F.  Williams  Jr.  '38  of  Lewes,  Del.,  on 
Nov.  30,  2006.  Survivors  include  two  childten,  six 
grandchildren,  and  six  great-grandchildren. 
Alex  Chatham  Jr.  '39  of  Elkin,  N.C,  on  April  25, 

2007.  Survivors  include  four  children  and  six  grand- 
children. 

Claude  R.  Collins  B.D.  '39  of  Roanoke,  Va.,  on 
April  20,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Elizabeth; 


two  daughters;  a  brother;  four  grandchildren;  and 
three  great-grandchildren. 

Wellington  M.  Cramer  B.S.M.E.  '39  of  East 
Greenwich,  R.I.,  on  Feb.  23,  2007.  Survivors  include 
three  children,  six  grandchildren,  and  four  great- 
grandchildren. 

David  W.  Hoyle  '39  of  Cutlerville,  Mich.,  on 
April  5,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Mary;  four 
sons;  a  half-sister;  and  two  grandchildren. 

W.  Hill  Hudson  Jr.  '39  of  Shelby,  N.C,  on  Dec.  3, 
2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Mary;  three  sons;  a 
sister;  four  grandchildren;  and  one  great-grandchild. 

M.  Jane  Braznell  Mackle  '39  of  Miami,  on  Jan. 
30,  2007.  Survivors  include  two  children,  four  grand- 
children, and  a  great-grandchild. 

Wilfred  Buck  Yearns  '39  of  Greensboro,  on  Nov. 
16,  2005.  Survivors  include  four  children  and  seven 

grandchildren. 

Charles  Gerald  Dubose  A.M.  '40  of  Florence, 
S.C,  on  Jan.  19,  2007.  Survivors  include  a  son,  four 
stepchildren,  and  numerous  step-grandchildren  and 

step  great-grandchildren. 

Raynor  M.  Forsberg  '40  of  Ellsworth,  Maine,  on 
Jan.  8,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  sister,  Margaret 
Forsberg  Hodgdon  '42,  and  seven  nieces  and 
nephews. 

Diana  Thompson  Hodgson  '40  of  Reidsville, 

N.C,  on  April  13,  2007.  Survivors  include  a  daughter 
and  a  grandson. 

Barbara  Miller  Johantgen  '40,  of  Nutley,  N.J., 
on  March  26,  2007.  Survivors  include  three  daughters, 

two  grandchildren,  and  one  great-granddaughter. 

Elizabeth  Wiggins  Knight  A.M.  '40  of  Holy 
Hill,  S.C,  on  Nov.  13,  2006.  Survivors  include  two 
childten,  a  sistet,  and  fout  gtandchildren. 

Walter  E.  Koons  Jr.  '40  of  South  Britain,  Conn., 
on  Feb.  15,  2007.  Survivors  include  thtee  childten, 
seven  grandchildren,  and  eight  great-grandchildren. 

Robert  W.  LautZ  '40  of  Greenville,  S.C,  on  Feb. 
25,  2007.  Survivors  include  three  children  and  four 
grandchildren. 

Elizabeth  Sprankle  Prince  '40  of  Kansas  City, 
Mo.,  on  Nov.  27,  2006.  Sutvivors  include  three  chil- 
dren and  two  grandchildren. 

Lillie  Duke  Clements  Sloan  '40  of  Durham,  on 
March  8,  2007.  Survivors  include  her  husband,  Perry, 
and  a  son. 

Margaret  Underwood  Wilkerson  '40  of 

Roanoke,  Va.,  on  July  29,  2005.  Survivors  include 
her  husband,  Milton  Chick  Wilkerson  M.Div. 
'37,  and  a  daughter. 

Suzanne  Sommers  Zipse-Jackson  '40  of 

Bluffton,  S.C,  on  Feb.  21,  2007.  Survivors  include 
five  children  and  five  grandchildren. 

Katherine  Lynch  Baker-Gill  '41  of 

Albuquerque,  N.M.,  on  Oct.  10,  2006.  Survivors 
include  a  daughter  and  a  grandson. 

George  Franklin  Blalock'41  of  Dunn,  N.C,  on 
Nov.  18,  2006. 

Joseph  Albert  Bridewell  Sr.  B.D.  '41  of 
Ridgeland,  Miss.,  on  Jan.  24,  2007.  Survivors  include 
two  children,  five  grandchildren,  and  two  great- 
grandchildren. 

Charlotte  Crump  Collins  '41  of  Wallingford, 
Conn.,  on  Feb.  17,  2007.  Survivors  include  three 
childten  and  six  grandchildren. 
Wade  H.  Eldridge  '41  of  Sun  City,  Ariz.,  on 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Jan.  11,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  son,  Wade  H. 
Eldridge  Jr.  71;  and  cwo  grandchildren. 

Marjorie  Louise  Epes  Fisher  '41  of  Santa 
Barbara,  Calif.,  on  June  26,  2006. 

Ruth  McElhaney  Irvin  A.M.  '41  of  Glendale,  Ariz., 
on  March  12,  2007.  Survivors  include  a  son,  Joseph 
Frederick  Irvin  '75;  six  grandchildren;  and  one 
great-grandchild. 

Francis  A.  O'Keefe  '41  of  Warrenton,  Va.,  on 
May  30,  2006.  Survivors  include  two  sons  and  two 
grandchildren. 

Carolyn  Umstead  Shackelford  '41  of  Greenville, 
S.C.,  on  Feb.  22,  2007.  Survivors  include  a  daughter 
and  a  granddaughter. 

Margaret  Lynch  Simpson  '41  of  Winston-Salem, 
N.C.,  on  Dec.  22,  2006. 

Barbara  Fagan  Thomson  '41  of  Washington,  on 
March  3,  2007.  Survivors  include  her  husband,  David; 
a  daughter;  and  two  granddaughters. 

Joseph  Russell  Andrews  M.Div.  '42  of  Lake  Juna- 
luska,  N.C.,  on  Jan.  22,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Frances  Babb  Andrews  B.S.N.  '41;  three  daugh- 
ters; mx  <:r;uuk  liildivn;  ;ind  three  grc;i  I  -grandchildren. 

Bruce  M.  Barackman  L  '42  of  Virginia  Beach, 
Va.,  on  Sept.  18,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Helen;  three  sons;  eight  grandchildren;  and  three 
great-grandchildren. 

Alma  Dean  Baskin  '42  of  Davenport,  Fla.,  on 
March  23,  2007. 

William  Howard  Elder  '42  of  Kennesaw,  Ga.,  on 
Aug.  1,2005. 

John  Warren  Hershey  A.M.  '42  of  Centereach, 
N.Y.,onJune28,2002. 


George  M.  Jemison  Ph.D.  '42  of  Medford,  Ore., 

on  Dec.  8,  2002.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Emily; 
two  daughters;  and  numerous  grandchildren  and 
great-grandchildren. 

Gladys  L.  Krebs  R.N.  '42  of  Reinholds,  Pa.,  on 

Jan.  19,  2007. 

Mildred  C.  Larkins  '42  of  Baltimore,  on  Nov.  12, 

2004.  She  is  survived  by  two  children,  including  J. 

Russell  Phillips  '71;  six  grandchildren;  and  a 

great  -granddaughter 

John  F.  Lawson  '42,  M.D.  '44  of  Johnson  City, 

Tenn.,  on  April  12,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 

Joann;  four  children,  including  James  Douglas 

Lawson  '71;  11  grandchildren,  including  Sarah 

Pickens  02  and  Robyn  Schmidt  10;  and  three 

great-grandchildren. 

Mary  Jane  Allred  McSwain  B.S.N.  '42  of 
Bradenton,  Fla.,  on  Jan.  17,  2007.  Survivors  include 
three  children,  three  grandchildren,  and  a  great- 
granddaughter. 

Henry  Walton  Morrow  LL.B.  '42  of  Charles 

Town,  W.Va.,  on  Aug.  15,  2004. 

Bernard  Constantine  Murdoch  Ph.D.  '42  of 

Macon,  Ga.,  on  March  2,  2007.  Survivors  include  his 
wife,  Martha;  thtee  daughters;  10  grandchildren;  and 
a  great-grandson. 

Gladys  Williams  Scott  '42  of  Spring,  Texas,  on 
March  5,  2007.  Survivors  include  four  children, 
Julia  Scott  Badaliance  '66,  David  S.  Scott  '67, 
Paul  W.  Scott  '71,  MAT  '72,  and  Ruth  Scott 

Rodenhauser  '72;  seven  grandchildren;  and  two 

great-grandchildren. 

W.  Conrad  Stone  M.D.  '42  of  Roanoke,  Va.,  on 

Jan.  22,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Lorna; 
three  children;  three  sisters;  three  grandchildren;  and 


a  nephew,  H.  Benjamin  Stone  III  M.D.  '65. 

Janet  E.  Gift  Thomas  '42  of  Gaithershurg,  Md., 
on  Nov.  30,  2006.  Survivors  include  four  children,  a 
sister,  and  seven  grandchildren. 

Richard  B.  Wells  Jr.  B.S.C.E.  '42  of  Sun  City, 

Ariz.,  on  March  24,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Jane;  two  sons;  two  siblings,  including  Joseph  F. 
Wells  III  B.S.E.E.  '49;  two  grandchildren;  and  four 
great-grandchildren. 

George  Samuel  Wood  '42  of  Roanoke  Rapids, 
Va.,  on  July  27,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Sara  Crawford  Wood  '42;  a  daughter;  and  three 

grandchildren. 

Howard  B.  Ahara  '43  of  Scottsdale,  Ariz.,  on 
Sept.  5,  2005. 

Elizabeth  M.  Baer  '43  of  York,  Pa.,  on  Feb.  2, 

2007.  Survivors  include  two  daughters,  a  sister,  and 
two  grandchildren. 

Carol  Lake  Bradley  '43  of  Tinton  Falls,  N.J.,  on 

Dec.  27,  2006.  Survivors  include  her  husband, 
Floyd  H.  Bradley  Jr.  '45;  two  children;  and  four 
grandchildren. 

Charles  F.  Burrows  '43  of  West  Hartford,  Conn., 

on  Oct.  11,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  son,  Richard 
G.  Burrows  '78,  M.B.A.  '83. 

W.  Snowden  "Nick"  Carter  Jr.  '43  of 

Pikesville,  Md.,  on  Feb.  3,  2005.  Survivors  include 
his  wife,  Margaret;  three  children,  including  Bruce 
Richardson  Carter  '73;  and  10  grandchildren. 

Wiley  Holt  Cozart  '43  of  Fuquay-Varina,  N.C, 
on  Jan.  7,  2007.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Ruth; 
three  children,  including  Sally  Cozart  Council 
'69  and  Wiley  Simeon  Cozart  III  '73;  three  sis- 
ters; and  seven  grandchildren. 


Your  Age: 


When  you  make  a  gift  of  $10,000  or  more, 
Duke  can  offer  you  (and/or  your  loved  ones) 
a  fixed  income  for  life.  A  charitable  gift  annuity 

Iso  generate  a  tax  deduction  and  can 
reduce  capital  gains.  Your  ages,  your  financial 
needs,  and  current  interest  rates  determine  the 
annuity  rate  Duke  can  offer.  Some  sample  rates: 


Your  Ages:  70/68 
76/73 


5.7% 
6.5% 
8.0% 
5.8% 
6.3% 


Annuity  rates  are 
subject  to  change. 
Once  your  gift  is 
made,  the  annuity 
rate  remains  fixed. 


To  learn  more  about  life  income  gifts  and  other 
'tax-wise"  giving  opportunities,  please  contact: 


Duke  University  Office  of  Gift  Planning 

21 27  Campus  Drive,  Box  90600,  Durham,  NC  27708 
Phone      (919)681-0464 
Fax  (919)684-9731 

Email       giftplanning@dev.duke.edu 
www.giftplanning.duke.edu 


july-Aug 


Leonard  N.  Dacey  B.S.E.E.  '43  of  Gaithershurg, 
Md.,  on  Dec.  6.  2003. 

George  Thomas  Davis  '43  of  Wilson,  N.C.,  on 
April  20,  2007.  Survivors  include  a  son;  four  siblings, 
including  Jasper  D.  Davis  Jr.  '41  and  James 
William  Davis  '50;  five  grandchildren;  and  two 
great-grandchildren. 

William  Dixon  Davis  B.D.  '43  of  Columbia,  S.C., 
on  Jan.  5,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Beulah; 
two  daughters;  a  son;  a  brother;  two  sisters;  and  three 
grandchildren. 

Fay  Griffin  Evans  '43  of  Dothan,  Ala.,  on  April  4, 
2007.  Survivors  include  two  daughters,  tour  grand- 
children, and  two  great-grandchildren. 

Alfred  Edward  Gras  M.D.  '43  of  South  Hero, 
Vt.,  on  Jan.  29,  2007.  Survivors  include  four  chil- 
dren, a  brother,  and  seven  grandchildren. 

Emily  Nassau  Hill  '43  of  Kennett  Square,  Pa.,  on 
March  19,  2007.  She  is  survived  by  two  children,  a 
brother,  three  grandsons,  and  one  great-grandson. 

Philip  W.  Hutchings  Jr.  '43  of  Durham,  on  Nov. 
21,  2006.  Survivors  include  three  sons,  nine  grand- 
children, and  two  great-grandchildren,  Philip  W. 
Hutchings  10  and  Michael  M.  Hutchings  10. 

Lila  Wells  Massengill  B.S.N.  '43,  R.N.  '43  of 
Hartsville,  S.C.,  on  Feb.  4,  2007.  Survivors  include 
four  children,  a  brother,  seven  grandchildren,  four 
step-grandchildren,  and  three  great-grandchildren. 

John  Parmelee  Mills  '43  of  Cape  Coral,  Fla.,  on 
March  25,  2007.  Survivors  include  two  children, 
eight  grandchildren,  and  two  great-grandchildren. 

Mary  Jane  Oestmann  '43  of  Arlington  Heights, 
III.,  on  May  13,  2007.  Survivors  include  her 

husband,  Charles  Oestmann  '43;  a  son;  two 

daughters;  a  brother;  nine  grandchildren;  and  four 
great-grandchildren. 

Edwin  E.  Preis  '43  of  Camden,  N.J.,  on  April  26, 

2006.  Survivors  include  two  children  and  two  grand- 
children. 

Helen  Huntington  Ruoff  43  of  West  Palm 
Beach,  Fla.,  on  Jan.  30,  2007.  She  is  survived  by  three 
sons,  including  William  Richard  "Rick" 
Huntington  IV;  a  daughter;  nine  grandchildren; 
and  five  step-grandchildren. 

Luther  Louis  Smith  Jr.  '43  of  Pensacola,  Ha.,  on 
Feb.  5,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Patricia; 
three  children;  and  four  grandchildren. 

Esther  Dorothy  McGinley  Van  Buren  '43  of 

Morehead  City,  N.C,  on  April  19,  2006.  Survivors  in- 
clude a  son,  a  grandchild,  and  a  great-grandchild. 

Roger  E.  Barton  '44  of  Chapel  Hill,  on  Feb.  8, 

2007.  Survivors  include  two  children  and  three 
grandchildren. 

Armstead  J.  Brower  Jr.  '44ofSilerCity,N.C, 

on  Nov.  28,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Patricia; 
two  children;  and  a  granddaughter. 

William  Townsend  Davison  M.D.  '44  of 
Cornish,  N.H.,  on  Feb.  1,  2007.  Survivors  include  his 
wife,  Mildred;  four  children;  tour  grandchildren;  and 
two  great-grandchildren. 

William  Francis  Donahue  Jr.  '44  of  Montpelier, 
Va.,  on  April  6,  2002.  Survivors  include  three  chil- 
dren, two  siblings,  five  granddaughters,  and  four 
great-grandch  i  Idren. 

Harry  Gustav  Fish  Jr.  "44  of  Rocky  Mount,  N.C, 
on  March  27,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Josephine  Huckabee  Fish  '48;  five  children;  a 

sister;  and  10  grandchildren. 


John  W.  Hartman  '44  of  Miami,  on  April  5,  2007. 
He  is  survived  by  two  children,  including  Julia  L. 
Hartman  Hunter  79. 

David  Henry  Hosp  '44  of  Fallbrook,  Calif.,  on 

Aug.  11,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Helen;  two 
daughters;  five  stepchildren;  and  two  grandchildren. 

H.  Ennis  Jones  Jr.  '44  of  Lancaster,  Pa.,  on  Feb. 
21,  2007.  Survivors  include  four  daughters,  12  grand- 
children, and  five  great-grandchildren. 

Chester  Arthur  Pittman  '44  of  Newport,  N.C, 
on  March  17,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Edith; 
a  son;  four  sisters;  two  gtandsons;  and  two  great- 
grandchildren. 

Eleanor  Maddox  Seabury  '44  of  Carmichael, 
Calif.,  on  Nov.  19,  2006.  Survivors  include  children 
and  grandchildren. 

Jason  Blackford  Swartzbaugh  '44  of 

Pompano  Beach,  Fla.,  on  April  18,  2007.  Survivors 
include  a  daughter,  Susan  Swartzbaugh  Hutter 
N  '7 1 ;  three  sons;  a  foster  son;  two  siblings;  nine 
grandchildren;  and  three  great-grandchildren. 

Edgar  B.  Bennett  B.S.M.E.  '45  of  Clemson,  S.C., 
on  Nov.  3,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Maggie; 
three  children;  and  two  grandchildren. 
Joseph  Garrott  Browder  B.S.C.E.  '45  of 
Charlotte,  on  Feb.  12,  2007.  Survivors  include  his 
wife,  Carlotta;  four  children;  and  live  grandchildren. 

Elizabeth  A.  McFadyen  Creed  '45  of  Fayette- 
ville,  N.C,  on  March  13,  2007.  Survivors  include  four 
children,  five  grandchildren,  and  a  great-grandchild. 

George  H.  Fox  Jr.  B.S.M.E.  '45  of  Long  Beach, 

Calif.,  on  Jan.  18,2007. 

Stephen  L.  Gaillard  '45  of  Greenwich,  Conn.,  on 

Feb.  16,2007. 

John  Arrington  Hook  '45  of  Atlanta,  on 

Oct.  3,  2006.  Survivors  include  two  daughters  and 
two  grandchildren. 

Charles  W.  Lewis  Jr.  M.D.  '45  of  Atlantic  Beach, 
Fla.,  on  April  16,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife. 

Gene  Harlow  Lewis  R.N.  '45;  four  sons;  a  sister; 

nine  grandchildren;  two  step-grandchildren;  and 
three  great-grandchildren. 

Theodore  O.  Macklin  '45  of  Cohasset,  Mass.,  on 
Feb.  3,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Marie;  five 
children;  and  nine  grandchildren. 

June  McCall  McGhee  '45  of  Atlantic  Beach,  Fla., 
on  Sept.  9,  2003.  Survivors  include  two  daughters,  a 
son,  and  two  sisters. 

Gloria  E.  Roman  '45  of  Westfield,  N.Y.,  on  Aug. 

23,  2006.  Survivors  include  her  husband,  Frank,  and 
three  children. 

Harold  G.  Schilling  '45  of  Centennial,  Colo.,  on 
Aug.  6,  2005.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Marian. 

Eunice  Perkins  Walker  '45  of  Sarasota,  Fla.,  on 
Nov.  3,  2006.  Survivors  include  her  husband,  Robert; 
three  children;  and  five  grandchildren. 

Virginia  Sellers  Wilbur  '45  of  St.  Pete  Beach, 
Fla.,  on  April  2,  2005.  Survivors  include  three  daugh- 
ters, nine  grandchildren,  and  one  great-grandchild. 
Norman  Cassell  Willcox  '45  of  Norfolk,  Va.,  on 
Dec.  30,  2006.  Survivors  include  four  children,  a 
brother,  and  two  grandsons. 

Paul  Andrew  Wood  '45  of  Elrod,  Ala.,  on  March 

10,  2005. 

Reid  Hogan  Anderson  M.D.  '46  of  Idaho  Falls, 

Idaho,  on  July  10,  2001. 

Jessie  Louise  Vereen  Andrews  '46  of  Elkton, 


Md.,  on  April  4,  2007.  Survivors  include  her  hus- 
band, Ralph;  three  children,  including  Vereen 
Andrews  Dennis  '71;  nine  grandchildren;  two 
step-grandchildren;  and  seven  great-grandchildren. 

Margaret  Jenkins  Davis  '46  of  Salisbury,  N.C, 
on  Feb.  2,  2007. 

Zenas  Waldo  Ford  Jr.  M.D.  '46  of  Newport 
News,  Va.,  on  Dec.  16,  2006.  He  is  survived  by  five 
children,  including  Deborah  Ford  B.S.N.  74; 

nine  grandchildren;  and  16  great-grandchildren. 

Andrew  Richardson  Knowland  '46  of 

Marlborough,  Mass.,  on  Feb.  26,  2007.  Survivors 
include  his  wife,  Becky;  two  sons;  a  brother;  and  four 
grandchildren. 

Joseph  H.  McAlister  '46,  M.D.  '48  of  Huntsville, 

Ariz.,  on  Jan.  19,  2007.  Survivors  include  four  sons,  a 
daughter,  a  brother,  and  nine  grandchildren. 

B.G.  Munro  '46  of  Conyers,  Ga.,  on  May  20,  2006. 

Baxter  W.  Napier  Jr.  '46  of  Lexington,  Ky.,  on 
Nov.  6,  2006.  Survivors  include  two  sons,  a  brother, 

mx  grandchildren,  and  run  great-grandsons. 

Ernest  T.  Newell  '46,  M.D.  '50  of  Cornelius,  N.C, 

on  Nov.  1,  2006.  Survivor  include  two  sons,  a  sister, 
five  grandchildren,  and  three  great-grandchildren. 

Calvin  E.  Patton  '46  of  Washington,  on  Dec.  22, 
2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Betty;  three  chil- 
dren; a  brother;  seven  grandchildren;  and  four  great- 
grandchildren. 

Norman  J.  Silver  '46,  M.D.  '48,  B.S.M.  '48  of 
Gulfport,  Fla.,  on  Dec.  18,  2006.  Survivors  include 
his  wife,  Marcia;  three  children;  a  brother;  and  six 
grandchildren. 

El  lie  Mae  Sowder  A.M.  '46  of  Chattanooga, 
Term.,  on  March  1,2007. 

Samuel  Morris  Spevak  '46  of  Jacksonville,  Fla., 
on  Feb.  9,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Elaine; 
four  children;  three  siblings;  and  two  grandchildren. 

Harry  L.  Talley  '46  of  Wheaton,  111.,  on  Dec.  6, 2006. 

Survivors  include  his  wife,  Toveylou;  three  children; 
five  grandchildren;  and  three  great-granddaughters. 

Edward  Leon  Anthony  II  '47  of  Brighton,  NY., 
on  Jan.  29,  2007.  Survivors  include  three  children, 
seven  grandchildren,  and  three  great-grandchildren. 

Kitty  Threadsill  Chiofolo  '47  of  Rock  Hill,  S.C.,  on 

Nov.  9,  2006.  Survivors  include  her  husband,  Don; 
four  children;  three  stepsons;  and  three  grandchildren. 

James  Francis  Kennek  M.F.  '47  of  Raritan 

Township,  N.J.,  on  Nov.  24,  2006.  Survivors  include 
two  children  and  four  grandchildren. 

Robert  Thomas  Matzen  '47  of  Denver,  on  April 
8,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Fran;  four  chil- 
dren; and  four  grandchildren. 

William  Thomas  Mayer  M.D.  '47  of  McComb, 
Miss.,  on  April  10,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Madge  McClendon  Mayer  R.N.  '47;  five  chil- 
dren; and  12  grandchildren. 

Charles  E.  Milner  '47  of  Waynesville,  N.C,  on  Dec.  25, 
2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Dolores;  a  daughter; 
a  son;  four  sisters;  a  brother;  and  two  grandsons. 

William  Morley  Owen  '47  of  Washington  on 

April  6,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Adelaida. 

Verne  Rhoades  '47  of  Asheville,  N.C,  on  Feb. 
27,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Sally;  a  brother; 
and  a  sister. 

Doris  McKinnery  Ruppert  R.N.  '47  of  Metairie, 
La.,  on  March  15,  2007.  Survivors  include  five  chil- 
dren, four  sisters,  and  two  grandchildren. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Shirley  Dick  Schultz  '47  ofNorthbrook,  111.,  on 

Aug.  24,  2005. 

John  W.  Smith  '47  of  Pinehurst,  N.C.,  on  Feb.  20, 
2007.  Survivors  include  rwo  daughters;  two  brothers, 
including  Richard  S.  Smith  '50;  and  a  nephew, 
Richard  Stanley  Smith  Jr.  '81,  J.D.  '84. 
Jane  Philbrick  Armstrong  '48  of  New  Market, 
Md.,  on  April  23,  2007.  Survivors  include  her  hus- 
band, William;  four  children;  and  11  grandchildren. 

Mamie  Barnhill  McLawhorn  Dews  '48  of 

Winterville,  N.C.,  on  July  26,  2006.  Survivors  in- 
clude four  children;  three  sisters,  including  Gay 
McLawhorn  Love  '51  and  Joanne  McLawhorn 
Padgett  '58;  and  seven  grandchildren. 

Howard  P.  Hartley  '48  of  Greenville,  S.C.,  on 
Sept.  29,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Annette; 
and  two  children. 

Lorraine  Boyce  Hawkins  J.D.  '48  of  Milford, 
Ohio,  on  Nov.  10,  2006.  Survivors  include  her  hus- 
band, Jack  D.  Hawkins  '44,  LL.B.  '47. 
Harold  K.  Hine  '48  of  Stamford,  Conn.,  on  March  10, 
2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Eve;  three  daughters; 
three  grandchildren;  and  two  great-grandchildren. 

Shelby  E.  Horton  Jr.  J.D.  '48  of  Asheville,  N.C., 
on  Feb.  11,  2007.  Survivors  include  two  daughters 
and  three  granddaughters. 

Charles  Wesley  Humphreys  Jr.  '48  of 

Bethesda,  Md.,  on  Jan.  5,  2007.  Survivors  include  his 
wife,  Shirley;  four  children;  and  four  grandchildren. 

Anna  M.  Kendig  M.Ed.  '48  of  Lancaster,  Pa.,  on 
April  16,  2007. 

John  J.  "Mike"  Mackowski  '48  of  Ponte  Vedra 
Beach,  Fla.,  on  Feb.  24,  2007.  Survivors  include  his 
wife,  Ruth;  two  sons,  including  J.  Matthew 
Mackowski  '76;  and  two  daughters. 

Edward  Donald  Mosser  J.D.  '48  of  Cadiz,  Ohio, 
on  Jan.  28,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Margaret;  a  son;  two  brothers;  two  grandchildren; 
and  two  great-grandchildren. 

James  A.  Smith  III  '48  of  Fort  Pierce,  Fla.,  on 
April  28,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Joan; 
three  children;  and  four  grandchildren. 

Lois  McCartney  Suter  R.N.  '48,  B.S.N.  '50  of 

Los  Angeles,  on  Oct.  23,  2006.  Survivors  include  her 
husband,  Don;  three  children;  four  siblings;  and  five 
grandchildren. 

Joseph  Clarkson  Thackery  LL.B.  '48  of  Silver 

Spring,  Md.,  on  Jan.  17,  2007.  Survivors  include  two  sons. 

John  C.  Walker  III  '48  of  Lecanto,  Fla.,  on  Jan. 
23,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Patricia;  seven 
children;  and  numerous  grandchildren. 

Samuel  R.  Appleby  Jr.  '49  of  Orlando,  Fla.,  on 
April  5,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Grace,  and 
three  daughters. 

Ruth  Margaret  Handley  Arnold  M.Ed.  '49  of 
Hallsville,  Texas,  on  Nov.  12,  2006.  Survivors 
include  a  son,  two  stepchildren,  two  siblings,  three 
grandchildren,  and  two  great-grandchildren. 

Samuel  Maslon  Booth  '49  of  Atlanta,  on  Feb.  3, 

2007.  Sutvivors  include  a  niece  and  three  nephews. 

Eugene  J.  Cornett  M.D.  '49  of  Tampa,  Fla.,  on 
Dec.  8,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Frederica; 

four  children,  including  Thomas  Paul  Cornett 

'81,  M.B.A.  '85;  three  siblings;  12  grandchildren;  and 
a  great-grandson. 

Thomas  Nelson  Farr  '49  of  Louisville,  Ky.,  on 
Jan.  18,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Dorothy; 
four  children;  three  sisters;  and  eight  grandchildren. 


Robert  J.  Fisher  III  '49  of  Athens,  Term.,  on 
Oct.  25,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Martha 
Nichols  Fisher  '49;  two  daughters;  and  a  brother. 

John  Alderman  Freeman  Ph.D.  '49  of  Brevard, 
N.C.,  on  Jan.  5,  2007.  Survivors  include  three  sons,  a 
daughter,  a  brother,  eight  grandchildren,  and  four 
great-grandchildren. 

William  H.  Jackson  '49  of  Shreveport,  La.,  on 
Dec.  19,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Phyllis; 
three  sons;  two  daughters;  and  15  grandchildren. 

Carl  Lester  Jones  Jr.  '49  of  Laurinburg,  N.C.,  on 

April  29,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Sue;  four 
children;  two  siblings;  and  seven  grandchildren. 

Paul  E.  Kramme  Jr.  '49  of  Monroeville,  N.J.,  on 
Jan.  24,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Dorothy; 
thtee  children;  five  grandchildren;  three  step-grand- 
children; and  six  great-grandchildren. 

Richard  Vincent  Landis  '49ofOdenton,  Md., 
on  March  20,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Alice; 
two  daughters;  a  sister;  and  two  grandchildren. 

Ruth  Womble  Lee  '49  of  Jacksonville,  Fla.,  on 
Nov.  20,  2003.  Survivors  include  four  children;  two 
brothers,  including  William  F.  Womble  '37,  J.D. 
'39;  a  sister;  and  12  grandchildren. 

John  H.  Mendenhall  '49  of  Huntsville,  Ala.,  on 
Nov.  1,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Marjorie; 
two  children;  and  thtee  gtandchildren. 

Zeta  Garland  Ruegger  R.N.  '49,  B.S.N.  '49  of 
Johnson  City,  Tenn.,  on  Jan.  1,  2007.  Survivors 
include  two  sons,  a  sister,  and  three  grandchildren. 

Mary  E.  Maldoon  Smith  R.N.  '49  of  Columbia, 
Mo.,  on  April  8,  2007.  Survivors  include  a  son  and  a 

L'.r.inkkhuighter. 


Norwood  Graham  Smith  '49,  A.M.  '58  of 
Raleigh,  on  Jan.  18,  2007.  Survivors  include  a  brother, 
J.  Charles  Smith  '53;  and  two  nephews,  including 
M.  Lee  West  '66. 

Elizabeth  Hoff  Todd  '49  of  Dyersburg,  Tenn.,  on 
Nov.  18,  2006.  Survivors  include  her  husband,  Hugh; 
three  children,  including  Hugh  M.  Todd  III 

M.B.A.  '88;  and  five  grandchildren. 

Ralph  Clayton  Clontz  Jr.  J.D.  '50  of  Charlotte, 
on  Feb.  15,  2001. 

Marion  LeRoy  Fisher  Jr.  M.Div.  '50  of  Roanoke 
Rapids,  N.C.,  on  Feb.  19,  2007.  Survivors  include  his 
wife,  Mary-Frances;  two  childten;  a  brother;  two 
granddaughters;  and  a  great-granddaughter. 
Edwin  L.  Foushee  '50  of  Sanford,  N.C.,  on  March 
5,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Frances;  six  chil- 
dren; 17  grandchildren;  and  a  great-grandchild. 

Alvan  Ray  "Bob"  Gilmore  M.F.  '50,  D.F.  '61  of 
Birmingham,  Ala.,  on  April  24,  2007.  Survivors 
include  his  wife,  Irene;  two  childten;  three  grandchil- 
dren; and  two  great-grandchildren. 

Guy  Bramlett  Hathorn  Ph.D.  '50  of  Durham,  on 
Feb.  19,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Ann;  three 
sons;  and  seven  grandchildren. 

Murray  Hauptschein  Ph.D.  '50  of  Indian  Head 

Park,  111.,  on  March  11,  2007.  Survivors  include  rwo 
sons  and  a  granddaughter. 

Henry  H.  Homan  '50  of  Lebanon,  Pa.,  on  Jan.  2, 

2007. 

Dora  Jane  Jessee  M.Ed.  '50  of  Wise,  Va.,  on  Feb. 

19,  2007.  Survivors  include  a  sister. 

Thomas  Cleveland  Kerns  M.D.  '50  of  Durham,  on 

March  11,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Bernice; 


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William  Patterson  LL.B.  '50  of  Atlanta,  on 
March  2,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Lee;  three 
children,  including  Elizabeth  Patterson  Gulley 
B.S.N.  '82;  son-in-law  William  H.  Gulley  70;  and 

four  grandchildren. 

William  O.  Peele  Jr.  '50  of  Williamston,  N.C.,  on 
April  7,  2007.  He  is  survived  by  five  children,  including 
Mary  Glen  Peele  Lilly  '79;  and  11  grandchildren. 

Ann  Martin  Rutherford  R.N.  '50  of  Charlottes- 
ville, Va.,  on  May  1,  2007. 

Marion  Bibb  Schmidt  '50  of  Cranberry 
Township,  Pa.,  on  April  20,  2007.  Survivors  include 
two  sons  and  four  grandchildren. 

Charles  Floyd  Seymour  M.D.  '50  of  Fort  Lauder- 
dale, Fla.,  on  Jan.  1 7,  2007.  He  is  survived  by  four 
children,  including  S.  Mark  Seymour  '70  and 
Francie  Seymour  '73;  a  daughter-in-law, 
Claudia  Hultgren  Seymour  '70;  a  son-in-law, 
Robert  Entman  '71;  and  five  grandchildren. 

Douglas  N.  Shepard  '50  of  Romney,  W.Va.,  on 
Jan.  1,2007. 

James  D.  Slaney  '50  of  Mars  Hill,  N.C.,  on  Dec. 

30,  2006. 

Spencer  Boyce  Summey  '50  of  Greensboro,  on 
April  23,  2007.  Survivors  include  three  children, 
three  grandchildren,  and  two  great-grandsons. 

Carol  A.  Taylor  R.N.  '50,  B.S.N.  '70  on  Dec.  12,  2005. 

Hubert  L.  Barlow  M.Div.  '51  of  Long  Beach, 
Miss.,  on  Dec.  19,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Barbara;  three  children;  and  three  grandchildren. 

Raymond  H.  Campbell  '51  of  Lutherville,  Md., 
on  Nov.  2,  2006. 

George  Francis  Crable  Ph.D.  '51  of  Bloomington, 
Ind.,  on  Nov.  25,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Mary;  three  children;  a  sister;  and  four  grandchildren. 

Earnest  W.  Dean  Jr.  '51  of  Spring  Hill,  Fla.,  on 

Jan.  6,  2007.  Survivors  include  two  brothers.  . 

Mary  Elizabeth  House  Friedberg  '51  of  Bethany, 
Okla.,  on  March  24,  2007.  Survivors  include  her  hus- 
band, Wallace;  three  children;  a  brother;  and  a  sister. 

Kyle  E.  Hamm  '51  of  Atlanta,  on  Jan.  1,  2007. 
Survivors  include  his  wife,  Elizabeth;  two  children;  a 
brother;  and  a  granddaughter. 

William  Arthur  Judge  Ph.D.  '51  of  Charlotte, 

on  Jan.  1,2007. 

George  B.  Kempton  Jr.  '51  of  Surfside  Beach, 
N.C.,  on  April  23,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Paulette;  five  daughters;  and  five  grandchildren. 

Cornelia  Davidson  Oliver  A.M.  '51  of  Fred- 
ericksburg, Va.,  on  Jan.  18,  2007.  Survivors  include  her 
husband,  George  B.  Oliver  A.M.  '50,  Ph.D.  '59; 
two  daughters;  two  siblings;  and  four  grandchildren. 

Noyes  Thompson  "Tom"  Powers  '51  of  Penn 
Valley,  Calif,  on  Jan.  29,  2007.  Survivors  include  his 
wife,  Mary;  three  sons;  and  five  grandchildren. 

Leslie  Horace  Renfrow  '51  ofLucama,  N.C.,  on 
April  1 2,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Tina;  two 
sons,  including  R.  Spencer  Renfrow  '94;  two 
stepsons;  a  brother;  and  12  grandchildren. 

Herbert  S.  Shapiro  '51  of  Augusta,  Ga.,  on 
March  29,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Sandy; 
three  children;  thtee  siblings;  and  six  grandchildren. 

Margaret  Mahaffee  "Peggy"  Williams  B.S.N. 
'51  of  Burner,  N.C.,  on  March  23,  2007.  Survivors  in- 
clude her  husband,  James;  a  son;  seven  stepchildren; 
13  grandchildren;  and  eight  great-grandchildren. 


Jack  Cathey  Anderson  B.S.M.E  '52  of 

Greensboro,  on  March  25,  2007.  Survivors  include 
three  sons,  a  sister,  and  seven  grandchildren. 

Walter  H.  Ball  '52  of  Charlotte,  on  Dec.  14,  2006. 
Survivors  include  a  sister,  Mary  Katherine  Ball 
Fleming  '47. 

William  Magness  Byers  Jr.  '52  of  South  Miami, 
Fla.,  on  Oct.  20,  2004. 

Richard  L.  Farquhar  '52  of  Santa  Fe,  N.M.,  on 
Jan.  30,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Jennie;  five 
children;  two  grandsons;  and  a  niece,  Sandra 

Farquhar  Davis  '76. 

Guy  L.  Fornes  Jr.  '52  of  Jacksonville,  Fla.,  on 
March  6,  2007.  Survivors  include  two  sons,  a  sister, 
and  two  grandchildren. 

Curtis  R.  Gatlin  A.M.  '52  of  Silver  Spring,  Md., 
on  Feb.  28,  2006.  Survivors  include  a  son,  Douglas 
Randle  Gatlin  '90;  three  siblings,  including 
Clyde  Talmadge  Gatlin  A.M.  '53;  and  two 
grandchildren. 

Carl  Edward  Glasgow  B.D.  '52  of  Maryville, 
Tenn.,  on  Jan.  31,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Erma  Lee;  a  son;  and  a  brother. 

Alberta  Piner  Huneycutt  '52  of  Morehead  City, 

N.C.,  on  Feb.  16,  2007.  Survivors  include  four 
daughtets,  a  sister,  seven  grandchildren,  and  four 
great-grandchildren. 

Samuel  Kardon  A.M.  '52  of  Raleigh,  on  March  9, 
2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Rita;  four  children; 
eight  grandchildren;  and  one  great-grandchild. 

Donald  Michalek  '52  of  Springfield,  Mass.,  on 
March  6,  2007.  Survivors  include  three  sons,  a  sister, 
and  three  grandchildren. 

Alphonse  A.  Piglowski  '52  of  Charlotte,  on 

Feb.  13,  2002. 

Samuel  Gregg  Smalling  Jr.  '52  of  Charlotte,  on 
Jan.  13,  2007.  Survivors  include  two  daughters  and 
five  grandchildren. 

Emily  West  Willbanks  '52  of  Los  Alamos,  N.M., 
on  Feb.  18,2007. 

Betty  Burgess  Bolin  B.S.N.  '53  of  Cramerton, 
N.C.,  on  April  3,  2003. 

Harriet  Robinson  Dunbar  '53  of  Richmond,  Va., 

on  April  16,  2007.  Survivors  include  her  husband, 
William;  two  sons;  a  sister;  and  five  grandchildren. 

Gerard  B.  Hazel  '53  of  Indialantic,  Fla.,  on  July  1, 

2006. 

Sherman  E.  Long  Jr.  '53  of  Williamston,  N.C., 
on  Jan.  10,  2007.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Sallie 
Hardison  Long  B.S.M.T.  '53;  four  daughters, 
including  Mary  Inez  Long  '83;  a  son;  eight  grand- 
children; and  two  great-grandchildren. 

Marjorie  A.  Merritt  Mengehoht  '53  of  Raleigh, 

on  Dec.  6,  2006. 

Elizabeth  Graham  Owen  B.S.M.T.  '53  of  Raleigh, 

on  March  29,  2007.  She  is  survived  by  her  husband, 
Tom;  two  children;  a  sister-in-law,  Grace  Sunny 
Korstian  Graham  '50;  and  three  grandchildren. 

Barrie  Martin  Selby  '53  of  Seattle,  on  July  2, 
2002.  Survivors  include  three  children. 
Vivienne  Poteat  Stafford  MAT.  '53  of  Hickory, 
N.C.,  on  Dec.  21,  2006.  Survivors  include  three  sib- 
lings, three  children,  a  stepson,  and  eight  grandchildren. 

Willis  S.  Thrash  H.A.  Cert.  '53  of  Fairhope,  Ala., 

on  Oct.  18,  2005. 

Mathias  Severin  Torgersen  Jr.  '53  of 

Hackettstown,  N.J.,  on  March  14,  2007.  Survivors 


DUKI:  MAGAZINE 


include  his  wife,  Jean  Thomas  Torgerson  '56; 

two  children;  and  six  grandchildren. 

Charles  Sullivan  Watson  '53  of  Tuscaloosa, 
Ala.,  on  Jan.  28,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Juanita  Goodman  Watson  A.M.  '61. 

Robert  McArn  Bennet  '54  of  Cheraw,  S.C.,  on 
Jan.  19,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Ann;  three 
sons;  a  brother;  and  five  grandchildren. 

Olen  Kenneth  Campbell  Ed.D.  '54  of  Commerce, 

Okla.,  on  Feb.  26,  2007.  Survivors  include  a  brother. 

Penelope  Jarrell  Fitch  '54  of  Clemson,  S.C.,  on 
Dec.  26,  2006.  She  is  survived  by  her  husband, 
Lewis  T.  Fitch  B.S.E.  '54;  a  son;  and  a  daughter. 

James  D.  Galloway  '54ofWaynesville,  N.C.,  on 
Oct.  7,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Betty,  and 
three  children. 

Donnie  Lou  Jacobs-Smith  '54  of  Canon  City, 
Colo.,  on  Feb.  21,  2007.  Survivors  include  three  chil- 
dren and  four  grandchildren. 

Elizabeth  Hart  King  '54,  M.D.  '58  of  Durham,  on 
March  1 1 ,  2007.  She  is  survived  by  four  sons,  includ- 
ing John  Martin  Walton  King  '85  and  David 
Pendleton  King  '89;  daughter-in-law  Cynthia 
Dawn  King  '87;  three  brothers,  J.  Deryl  Hart  Jr. 
M.D.  '64,  John  M.H.  Hart  M.D.  '68,  and  William 
J.  Hart  '67;  sister  Margaret  Hart  '68;  brother-in- 
law  Charles  Warner  M.D.  '58;  11  grandchildren; 
and  10  nieces  and  nephews,  including  Deryl  Hart 
Warner  '83,  M.D.  '87,  Charles  Hamilton  Warner 
II  M.D.  '85,  and  John  William  Warner  '93 

Craig  Darius  Whitesell  M.F  '54  of  Kailua, 
Hawaii,  on  June  20,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Carol;  four  children;  and  three  granddaughters. 
Judith  E.  Ashley  '55  of  Glenview,  111.,  on  Aug.  3, 
2006.  Survivors  include  a  daughter. 
Charner  W.  Bramlett  M.D.  '55  of  Spartanburg, 
S.C.,  on  Feb.  1 1,  2007.  Survivors  include  a  sister. 
Willis  Anderson  Bunch  III  '55  of  Boerne,  Texas, 
on  March  4,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Mary; 
two  children;  six  stepchildren;  a  sister;  and  10  grand- 
children. 

William  Alvin  Fletcher  Conner  Jr.  '55  of 

Raleigh,  on  March  21,  2007.  Survivors  include  his 
wife,  Regina;  three  daughters;  four  siblings;  three 
grandchildren;  and  two  step-grandchildren. 

Katherine  Hogan  Edwards  B.S.N  '55  of 
Hatfield,  Pa.,  on  Feb.  8,  2007.  Survivors  include 
three  children  and  a  grandson. 

Nancy  Dorothea  Libby  Ph.D.  '55  of  Hallowell, 
Maine,  on  Nov.  25,  2006. 

William  C.  Perkins  Sr.  '55  of  Aiken,  S.C.,  on  Jan. 
9,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Nan;  five  chil- 
dren; four  grandchildren;  and  one  great-grandson. 

Edwin  William  Rogers  B.D.  '55  of  Columbia,  S.C., 
on  Feb.  15,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Margaret; 
two  sons,  including  Edwin  William  Rogers  Jr. 

'70;  two  daughters;  a  brother;  and  nine  grandchildren. 

Lawrence  B.  Taishoff  '55  of  Washington,  on 
Nov.  1 ,  2006.  Survivors  include  three  sons  and  seven 
grandchildren. 

Charles  Richard  Taylor  Jr.  '55  of  Norfolk,  Va., 

on  March  16,  2006. 

Margaret  Lamb  "Peggy"  Vicari  '55  of 

Springfield,  III,  on  Dec.  30,  2005.  She  is  survived  by 
three  children,  including  Walter  Garver  Lamb  '87. 
Morris  H.  Wolf  '55  of  Baltimore,  on  Oct.  14,  2005. 
Survivors  include  his  wife,  Barbara;  six  children;  a 
brother;  and  fourteen  grandchildren. 


Frank  Henry  Abernathy  Jr.  '56,  L  '59  of  Richmond, 
Va.,  on  March  31,  2007.  Survivors  include  a  sister. 
Murray  A.  Martin  M.Div.  '56  of  Victoria,  British 
Columbia,  on  Dec.  1,2006. 
Pearl  B.  Smith  '56  of  Wescosville,  Pa.,  on  Feb.  2, 
2007.  Survivors  include  her  husband,  Cody  Heber 
Smith  '43;  two  sons;  and  a  grandson. 
Esther  Mae  Laviner  Ace  B.S.N.Ed.  '57  of 

Durham,  on  Nov.  7,  2006.  Survivors  include  three 
children,  four  siblings,  and  two  grandchildren. 

Robert  William  Bluehdorn  '57  of  Bethesda, 
Md.,  on  Dec.  16,  2006. 

Earl  T.  Brach  Jr.  '57  of  Homosassa,  Fla.,  on  Nov. 
3,  2004.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Vaneta;  three 
children,  including  Lisa  Anne  Brach  A.H.C.  '80; 
seven  grandchildren;  and  three  great-grandchildren. 

Eugene  E.  FrantZ  '57  of  Columbus,  Ga.,  on  Sept. 
27,  2005.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Judith;  two  chil- 
dren; a  brother;  and  four  grandchildren. 

MaryAnn  French  Harmon  '57  of  Silver  Bay, 
N.Y.,  on  March  8,  2007.  Survivors  include  her  hus- 
band, Francis;  two  sons;  one  brother;  her  uncle, 
John  French  '41;  and  three  grandchildren. 

Rika  Kohler  Schmidt  '57  of  Orford,  N.H.,  on 

Jan.  7,  2007.  Survivors  include  her  husband,  Carl; 
two  children;  and  three  grandchildren. 

Wesley  Fleming  Talman  Jr.  '57  of  Asheville, 
N.C.,  on  Jan.  29,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Catherine;  two  sons;  two  daughters;  six  stepchildren; 
a  brother;  and  eight  gtandchildren. 

Martin  Van  Kley  Trapp  '57  ofHartsville,  S.C., 
on  May  21,  2006. 

Leonard  Cole  Black  Sr.  '58  of  Manteo,  N.C.,  on 
Jan.  10,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Edna;  three 
sons,  including  Leonard  Cole  Black  Jr.  '84;  a 

brother;  and  five  grandchildren. 

Mable  Atlanta  Nance  Deaton  M  RE.  '58 of 

Winston-Salem,  on  Nov.  8,  2006. 
Frances  Metzger  Greene  '58  of  Muncy,  Pa.,  on 
Feb.  26,  2005. 

Joan  Woodall  Hess  '58  of  Williamsburg,  Va.,  on 
March  21,  2007.  Survivors  include  her  husband, 
Herman;  three  daughters;  her  mother;  five  grandchil- 
dren; and  six  great-grandchildren. 

Edward  Clarence  Johnson  '58  of  Fairfax,  Va., 
on  Jan.  1,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Virginia 
K.  Vinson  Johnson  '58;  two  children;  and  three 
siblings. 

Norman  D.  Peterson  '58  of  Laguna  Beach,  Calif., 
on  Dec.  23,  2006.  Survivors  include  three  children 
and  a  brother- 
Oliver  D.  Rudy  '58  of  Chesterfield,  Va.,  on  March 
13,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Jill;  two  chil- 
dren; two  siblings;  and  two  grandchildren. 
Frederick  A.  Thayer  III  J.D.  '58  of  Oakland, 
Md.,  on  Feb.  15,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Diane;  a  son;  and  two  grandchildren. 
Albert  Forbes  Tyndall  Jr.  '58  of  Falls  Village, 
Conn.,  on  Dec.  19,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Mary  Louise  Edwards  Tyndall  '61;  rwosons; 

two  sistets;  and  three  grandchildren. 

James  William  Cromwell  Daniel  Jr.  '59  of 

Raleigh,  on  Aug.  10,  2006.  Survivors  include  his 
wife,  Jean;  a  son;  a  brother;  and  a  granddaughter. 

Charles  Y.  Lackey  B.S.E.E.  '59  of  Winston- 
Salem,  on  Dec.  19,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Diane;  two  sons;  a  stepdaughtet;  his  mother;  and 
three  step-grandsons. 


Linda  Highsmith  Lowe  '59  of  Albany,  Ga.,  on 
Jan.  16,  2007.  Survivors  include  two  daughters,  three 
brothers,  and  four  grandchildren. 

Lillian  Gross  Ratner  M.D.  '59  of  Great  Neck, 

N.Y.,  on  March  18,  2005. 

William  E.  Seifert  M.Div.  '59  of  Campobello, 
S.C.,  on  Dec.  26,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Patricia  Burns  Seifert  '58;  two  sons;  two  daugh- 
ters; thtee  sisters;  and  seven  grandchildren. 

Rachel  Speight  Snyder  P.T.  Cert.  '59  of 
Winterville,  N.C.,  on  March  25,  2007.  Survivors 
include  an  aunt. 

Carol  Schmalz  Downs  '60  of  Champaign,  111.,  on 
Sept.  18,  2006. 

William  K.  Fidler  '60  of  Lexington,  S.C.,  on  Nov. 
7,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Peggy;  two  chil- 
dren; and  two  grandchildren. 

James  David  Geer  '60  of  St.  Louis,  on  Dec.  19, 
2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Jane;  three  chil- 
dren; and  a  brother. 

Herbert  James  Herring  Jr.  '60,  M.D.  '64  of 
Geneva,  N.Y.,  on  Sept.  26,  2006.  Survivors  include 
his  wife,  Carol;  three  daughters,  including  Deborah 
Herring  Olsen  '91;  a  sistet,  Virginia  Herring 
Remmers  '54;  and  six  grandchildren. 

Richard  Allen  "Dick"  LaBarge  Ph.D.  '60  of 

Haddonfield,  N.J.,  on  March  4.  Survivors  include  his 
wife,  Karin;  seven  children;  three  siblings;  13  grand- 
children; and  three  great-gtandchildren. 

Sarah  E.  Bell  '61  of  Skokie,  111.,  on  Oct.  31,  2006. 

John  Aiken  Horton  M.A.T.  '61  of  Durham,  on 
May  24,  2005.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Elizabeth; 
two  children,  including  John  Allen  Horton  III 
B.S.E.  '83;  two  sisters,  including  Theresa  E. 
Horton  R.N.  '41,  B.S.N.  '41,  B.S.N.Ed.  '49;  and  two 
gtandchildten. 

William  Davis  King  '61,  J.D.  '65  of  Jacksonville, 
Fla.,  on  Dec.  14,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Dorothy;  three  children,  including  Dana  Elizabeth 

King  00;  a  brother,  Franklin  W.  King  J.D.  '72; 
and  two  grandchildren. 

LeRoy  W.  Lovelidge  III  '61  of  Lancaster,  Pa.,  on 
April  11,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Sandra; 
four  children;  two  sistets;  and  four  grandchildren. 

Isabel  Wood  Rogers  Ph.D.  '61  of  Richmond, 
Va.,  on  March  18,  2007.  Survivors  include  a  sister. 

Susan  McConnell  West  '61  of  Nashville,  Term., 
on  Nov.  26,  2006. 

Haskille  Scott  Cherry  '62  of  Williamsburg,  Va., 

on  April  5,  2007.  Survivors  include  two  children  and 

Thomas  C.  DorseyJ.D.  '62  of  Kensington,  Md., 
on  March  23,  2007.  Survivors  include  a  sister. 

Armand  Monfort  Karow  Jr.  '62  of  Augusta,  Ga., 
on  Feb.  6,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Ramona; 
two  sons;  and  a  sister. 

Susan  Elliott  Judd  Roxby  '62  of  Frenchboro, 
Maine,  on  May  9,  2002.  Survivors  include  her  hus- 
band, Robert  W.  Roxby  Ph.D.  '70. 

Wright  Willingham  '62  of  Gainesville,  Ga.,  on 
Feb.  1,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Kathy;  a  son; 
a  sistet;  a  btother;  and  a  granddaughter. 

Barbara  Robinson  Aaron  '63  of  Reston,  Va.,  on 
Dec.  12,  2006.  Survivors  include  her  husband,  John; 
two  daughters,  including  Anne  Kimbrough 
Aaron  '88;  a  sister;  and  two  grandchildren. 
C.  Dene  Brown  B.D.  '63  of  Moore,  Okla.,  on  Jan. 


July-August  2007 


29,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Susan;  three 
children;  two  brothers;  a  sister;  and  four  grandchildren. 

Nancy  Lassiter  Huggin  '63  of  New  York,  on  Jan. 

4,  2007.  She  is  survived  hy  her  husband,  David  M. 
Huggin  '62;  a  daughter;  her  mother;  a  brother,  T. 
Wingate  Lassiter  '69;  and  two  grandsons. 

Vassar  Wilson  Jones  B.D.  '63  of  Roxboro,  N.C.,  on 
Jan.  14,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Ruby;  a  son;  a 
brothet;  1 1  grandchildren;  and  two  great  -grandchildren. 

Alexander  W.  Molina  '63  of  New  York  and  Denver, 

N.Y.,  on  April  12,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  partner, 
Max  Daniels;  his  mother;  and  three  sisters. 

Patricia  Davis  Poe  '63  of  Santa  Rosa,  Calif.,  on 
Feb.  28,  2007.  Survivors  include  her  husband,  Bill;  a 
daughter;  two  stepdaughters;  and  four  grandchildren. 

Howard  A.  Rosenstein  J.D.  '63  of  New  York,  on 

Feb.  28,  2004. 

Richard  Dexter  "Dick"  Russell  M.F.  '63  of 
Bullard,  Texas,  on  Feb.  26,  2007.  Survivors  include 
his  wife,  Carolyn;  three  children;  two  sisters;  and 
three  grandchildren. 

William  Lee  Hubbell  B.S.M.E.  '64  of  Denver,  on 
Nov.  20,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Marcia; 
three  sons;  a  daughter;  and  five  grandchildren. 

E.  Thomas  Leyrer  '64  of  Hamilton,  Ohio,  on 
March  23,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Gail; 
two  children;  a  sister;  and  two  gtandchildren. 

Robert  E.L.  Morefield  III  '64  of  Delta,  Colo.,  on 
Nov.  4,  2006.  Survivors  include  two  daughters,  two 
sons,  three  stepchildren,  two  sisters,  two  grandsons, 
and  two  granddaughters. 

Ronald  C.  Reed  M.D.  '64  of  Bothell,  Wash.,  on 
Nov.  19,  2006.  Survivors  include  five  stepchildren,  a 
sister,  and  10  step-gtandchildten. 

Samuel  Stephen  Smith  B.D.  '64  of 
Murfreesboro,  Tenn.,  on  April  11,  2007.  Survivors 
include  his  wife,  Judy;  two  children;  and  two  sisters. 

Gail  Melinda  Carlson  B.S.N.  '65  of  Canal  Fulton, 
Ohio,  on  Feb.  9,  2007.  Survivors  include  her  husband, 
Eric;  two  children;  .1  brother;  and  two  grandchildren. 

Gus  A.  Petitt  Ph.D.  '65  of  Decatur,  Ga.,  on  Feb.  2, 
2007.  Survivors  include  three  children  and  a  sister. 

Eleanor  Rigney  M.A.T.  '65  of  Jacksonville  Beach, 
Fla.,  on  Sept.  30,  2006. 

Barbara  Brading  Tison  '65  of  Pawleys  Island, 
S.C,  on  Dec.  4,  2006.  She  is  survived  by  two  sons;  a 
daughter;  her  mother,  Mary  Gene  Boyle  Brading 

'40;  a  brother,  Stanley  G.  Brading  Jr.  '75;  a  sister; 
and  six  grandchildren. 

John  Loren  Washburn  II  A.M.  '65  of  Loganton, 
Pa.,  on  Jan  12,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Carol; 
two  children;  two  siblings;  and  two  grandchildren. 

Kirke  D.  Drury  '66  of  Mesquite,  Texas,  on  March 

5,  2005. 

Lawrence  A.  Ferguson  M.A.T.  '66  of  Myerstown, 

Pa.,  on  Dec.  30,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Joyce,  and  two  daughters. 

Edward  Scott  Glacken  '66  of  Bethesda,  Md.,  on 

Dec.  27,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Margaret; 
three  daughters,  including  Stacey  Glacken  Jones 

'90;  his  mother;  and  six  siblings. 

Robert  Belflower  Ph.D.  '67  of  Tifton,  Ga.,  on 
Nov.  29,  2006.  Survivors  include  a  sister. 

Samipeni  Finau  B.D.  '67  of  Oakland,  Calif,  on 
Nov.  1,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Falemei;  10 
children;  seven  siblings;  24  grandchildren;  and  seven 
great-grandchildren. 


Carl  J.  Gerber  M.D.  '67  of  Johnson  City,  Tenn., 
on  March  7,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
LaVora;  four  children;  one  stepson;  five  siblings;  and 
three  grandchildren. 

Thomas  William  Twele  M.D.  '67  of  Anniston, 
Ala.,  on  March  20,  2007.  Survivors  include  his 
wife,  Aylmarie;  two  children;  a  sister;  and  three 
grandchildren. 

Harry  Richard  Beaudry  Ph.D.  '68  of  Fort  Worth, 
Texas,  on  Oct.  30,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Nancy;  five  children;  and  eight  grandchildren. 

Louis  Welsh  Eckstein  M.F.  '68  of  Greenville, 
N.C,  on  April  12,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Beth;  two  children;  and  two  siblings. 

Laurel  Davis  Ellwanger  '68  of  Calabash,  N.C, 
on  May  11,  1998.  Survivors  include  her  husband, 
Frederick  Ellwanger  M.D.  '68. 

James  Randolph  Blanchard  Jr.  '69  of  Gloucester, 
Va.,  on  April  29,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Linda;  two  children;  and  two  granddaughters. 

Joel  Marc  Lasker  J.D.  '69  of  Levittown,  Pa.,  on 
Dec.  16,  2006.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Louise;  two 
daughters,  including  Andrea  Lasker  Bradford 

J.D.  '02;  his  mothet;  a  brother;  and  two  granddaughters. 

Janet  Scarboro  Sloan  P.T  Cert.  '69  of  Rome,  Ga., 
on  Feb.  24,  2007.  Sutvivors  include  her  husband, 
Robert;  a  daughter;  ,1  brother;  and  two  grandsons. 

Janice  H.  Broil  '70  of  Dallas,  on  April  16,  2007. 
Survivors  include  her  husband,  Warren;  a  son;  her 
mother;  and  a  brother. 

Nicholas  S.  Daily  '71  of  Wichita,  Kan.,  on  Dec. 
11,2006. 

Bruce  Lee  Haines  Ph.D.  '71  of  Athens,  Ga.,  on 
Feb.  16,  2007. 

Wolfram  Hoerz  Ph.D.  '71  of  Munich,  Germany,  on 
Nov.  13,  2005.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Welda 
Rudin  Hoerz  '68;  three  children;  and  one  grandchild. 

John  Charles  Lawrence  Jr.  '71  of  Earlysville, 
Va.,  on  Dec.  19,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Linda;  three  sons;  and  four  sisters,  including 
Deborah  Jane  Lawrence  '74 

Mary  Jane  Clark  Guthrie  Miemicke  A.M.  '71 
of  St.  Clair  Beach,  Calif.,  on  June  3,  2005.  Survivors 
include  two  stepchildren,  thtee  siblings,  and  four 
grandchildren. 

Vicki  Jenkins  Peterson  '71  of  Greenville,  N.C, 
on  Feb.  24,  2007.  Survivors  include  her  husband, 
Richard;  a  daughtet,  Emily  Erin  Robinson  00; 

two  sons;  her  mother;  and  a  sister. 

Katherine  Andrews  Browne  '72  of  Chapel  Hill, 
on  Feb.  17,  2007.  Survivors  include  two  children  and 
two  brothers. 

Helen  M.  Cojanis  M.Ed.  '72  of  Durham,  on  Oct. 
31,  2006.  Survivors  include  six  siblings. 

Robert  H.  Michelson  J.D.  '72  of  Racine,  Wis.,  on 
March  10,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Carrie, 
and  three  sons. 

Robert  Maurice  Waterson  PhD  '72  of 

Dawsonville,  Ga.,  on  Oct.  4,  2004-  Survivors  include 
two  sons,  a  sister,  and  two  grandchildren. 

Janet  Amriati  Grimes  '73  of  New  York,  on  Nov. 
11,2006. 

Charles  Lee  Helton  M.Div.  '73  of  Charlotte,  on 

March  29,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Willie 
Ann;  thtee  children;  five  siblings;  five  grandchildren; 
and  two  great-granddaughters. 

Paul  William  Sire  A.M.  '73  of  Naples,  Fla.,  on 


Nov.  5,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Dolores, 
and  two  children. 

Mark  Abbott  Benedict  '74  of  Martinsburg, 
W.Va.,  on  Dec.  22,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Georgia;  a  son;  his  parents;  a  brother,  Nathan  B. 
Benedict  '76;  and  a  sister. 

Alex  Louis  Marusak  J.D.  '75  of  Ennis,  Texas,  on 
Feb.  6,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Nancy. 

Jay  Dee  Pickering  J.D.  '75  of  Santa  Rosa,  Calif, 
on  April  23,  2007.  Survivors  include  two  daughters, 
three  siblings,  and  two  grandsons. 

Winford  Robinson  Deaton  Jr.  '76  of  Shelby, 

N.C,  on  Feb.  25,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Ann;  a  son;  his  parents;  and  two  siblings. 

Kathy  Ann  Kyker-Snowman  '76  of  Amherst, 

Mass.,  on  Jan.  23,  2007.  Survivors  include  her  husband, 
Thom;  two  daughters;  her  parents;  and  three  sisters. 

John  Alderman  Freeman  Ph.D.  '78,  of  Brevard, 
N.C,  on  Jan.  5,  2007.  Survivors  include  three  sons,  a 
daughter,  a  brother,  eight  grandchildren,  and  four 
great-grandchildren. 

Harley  Flay  Freiberger  M.D.  '78  of  Charleston, 
S.C,  and  Kuwait  City,  Kuwait,  on  April  19,  2007. 
Survivors  include  two  children,  his  mother,  and  a 
brother. 

Rhonda  Karin  Allen  '79  of  Durham,  on  Sept.  23, 

2006.  Survivors  include  a  daughtet  and  four  sisters. 

Mary  Verito  King  '79  of  Cary,  HI.,  on  March  26, 

2006.  Survivors  include  her  husband,  Jeff;  her  moth- 
et; and  two  siblings. 

Elizabeth  Gray  Nicholes  B.H.S.  '79,  M.H.S.  '92 
ofDurham.onAug.  1,2003. 

R.  Lawrence  Bonner  J.D.  '80  of  Coral  Gables, 
Fla.,  on  May  1,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Jeanie;  three  sons;  his  parents;  and  four  brothers. 

Michael  Mario  Burke  '80  of  Miami,  on  Jan.  3, 

2007.  Survivors  include  his  parents  and  a  brother 

Charlie  Milton  Horton  M.H.A.  '80  of  Front  Royal, 
Va.,  on  Jan.  29,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Susan;  two  daughters;  his  parents;  and  two  sisters. 

Allan  John  Lester  M.H.A.  '80  of  Coonamble, 
Australia,  on  April  9,  2007.  Survivors  include  four 
children  and  his  mother. 

Marjorie  Milham  Cox  '81  of  Prague,  Czech 
Republic,  on  Nov.  8,  2006.  She  is  survived  by  her 
parents,  including  Seth  T.  Cox  Jr.  B.S.C.E.  '60, 
and  a  sister. 

David  Yuan  Li  J.D.  '81  of  Boston,  on  April  14, 
2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Martine  Voiret; 
three  sons;  and  two  sisters. 

Susan  Roberts  Dubay  '82  of  Birmingham,  Ala.,  on 
Feb.  1,  2007.  Survivors  include  her  husband,  John; 
two  daughters;  her  mother;  a  sister;  and  two  brothers. 

Ellen  Elizabeth  Hausler  J.D.  '84  of  Norwalk, 
Conn.,  on  Feb.  15,  2007.  Survivors  include  her  hus- 
band, Richard;  her  mother;  and  three  siblings. 

John  Leon  "Lee"  Russell  '84  of  Fayetteville, 
N.C,  and  Treasure  Cay,  Bahamas,  on  May  5,  2007. 
He  is  survived  by  two  children;  his  mothet;  his  father, 

John  Carl  Russell  '56  LL.B.  '59;  a  stepmother;  a 
grandmother  Alta  Stone  Russell  '23;  three  sis- 
ter;, including  Elinor  Russell  Ball  '80;  and  an 
aunt,  Barbara  S.  Hardin  '54. 

J.  Paul  Sticht  LL.D.  Hon.  '84  of  Winston-Salem 
and  North  Palm  Beach,  Fla.,  on  March  27,  2007. 

Thomas  Kevin  Cartwright  M.Div.  '86  of 

Hanover,  Pa.,  on  Dec.  16,  2006.  Survivors  include  his 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


wife,  Teryl;  two  children;  his  parents;  and  a  brother. 
Anna  Mercedes  Macia  Estate  B.S.E.E.  '86  of 
Webster,  N.Y.,  on  Sept.  19,  2006.  Survivors  include 
her  partner,  Monica  Tfevett,  and  a  brother. 

Richard  W.  Hartwell  M.E.M.  '86  of  Agawam,  Mass., 
on  Nov.  3,  2006.  Survivors  include  three  children, 
four  stepchildren,  a  brother,  and  three  grandchildren. 

Wade  Rupert  Byrd  Jr.  '87  of  Palm  Beach 
Gardens,  Fla.,  on  Dec.  16,  2006.  Survivors  include 
his  parents,  Wade  Rupert  Byrd  '59  and  Sharon 
Stewart  Byrd  '61,  and  two  sisters. 

Albert  Lewis  Joyner  Jr.  M.Div.  '87  of  McLeans- 
ville,  N.C.,  on  Nov.  30,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Gaynelle;  a  daughter;  a  son;  his  mother;  a  sister;  a 

bnithrr,  -ix  in.iiuk  hildtvn;  .inJ  two  >rep-yrandchildren. 

Donald  Emerson  Reid  A.M.  '87  of  Fayetteville, 
N.C.,  on  Feb.  8,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Joyce; 


three  children;  two  stepdaughters;  and  1 2  grandchildren. 

Kevin  Rene  Bruce  M.S.  '88  of  Durham,  on  Nov. 
24,  2006.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Donna;  two 
sons;  his  parents;  and  thtee  siblings. 

Bradford  Even  Monks  '88  of  New  York,  on  Feb.  17, 
2007.  Survivors  include  his  mother  and  two  siblings. 

Elna  B.  Spaulding  Hon.  '92  of  Durham,  on  Jan.  7, 
2007.  Survivors  include  four  children,  a  sister,  five 
grandchildren,  and  two  great-grandchildren. 

Israel  Seth  SarpolUS  '95  of  Greensboro,  on 
March  13,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Haley; 
two  sons;  and  his  parents. 

Rachel  Haberkern  Sherman  '97  of  Charlottes- 
ville, Va.,  on  April  15,  2007.  Survivors  include  her 
husband,  Steven  Robert  Sherman  '95;  her 
mother;  a  brother;  and  her  grandmothers. 
Diane  Nakayama  Shapiro  MBA.  01  of 


Gteenwich,  Conn.,  on  Feb.  8,  2007.  Survivors 
include  two  children,  her  parents,  and  two  siblings. 

Eleanor  T.  Elliott  Hon.  '02  of  New  York,  on 
Dec.  3,  2006. 

Gustavo  Fonseca-Barquero  MBA.  03  of 
Loveland,  Ohio,  on  May  17,  2007.  Survivors  include 
his  wife,  Jennifer;  two  sons;  a  daughter;  his  parents; 
three  sisters;  and  a  brother. 
Benjamin  David  Seidman  '05  of  New  York,  on  Feb. 
28,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  parents  and  a  brother. 

Christopher  Lloyd  Sanders  08  of  New  Haven, 

Conn.,  on  April  3,  2007.  Survivors  include  his  par- 
ents and  a  brother. 

Claire  Michelle  Crowley  '09  of  Clemmons, 
N.C.,  on  Dec.  23,  2006.  Survivors  include  her  par- 
ents, a  sister,  and  four  grandparents. 

http://www.dukemagazine.duke.edu/dukemag/classnotes/ 


Classifieds 


ACCOMMODATIONS 


Paris,  SW  France,  Provence:  Comfottable  apart- 
ments, homes,  chateaux.  FHR@eatthlink.net. 
(503)  219-9190.  www.FrenchHomeRentals.com. 

Rome:  Bright,  elegant  apartment.  Marvelous 
beamed  ceilings.  Antiques.  Walk  to  Spanish  Steps, 
Trevi  Fountain.  (609)  683-3813.  jetas5@comcast.net. 

France:  Provencal  Farmhouse.  Stunning  ancestral 
home.  Magnificent  mountain  views.  Fields  of 
lavender,  olive  trees.  Lovely  antiques,  gardens, 
pool.  Modern  kitchen  and  baths.  (609)  924-7520. 
gaml@comcast.net. 

Blowing  Rock,  N.C.:  Chetola  Resort,  2  mi.  from 
Blue  Ridge  Pkway,  walk  to  downtown,  indoor  pool, 
tennis  courts,  fitness  ctr,  lake,  hiking  trails.  Golf 
courses  minutes  away.  2  br,  2  baths.  Ranch,  end 
unit.  King  and  twin  beds.  NO  SMOKING  &  NO 
PETS.  NORMALLY  $315/N1GHT,  $250/NIGHT 
FOR  DUKE  ALUMS  &  FACULTY.  CALL  RICK 
ROGERS  '69  (866)  323-8766.  For  more  info  & 
photos,  e-mail  girogers@bellsouth.net. 

Italy/Tuscany:  Ancestral  villa  with  sweeping 
views.  Olive  groves,  vineyards,  gardens.  Antiques. 
Updated  kitchen,  baths.  Pool.  (609)  683-3813. 
jetas5@comcast.net. 

France/Dordogne:  Sixteenth-century  stone 
manor  in  Chateau  Country.  Updated.  Views,  pool, 
vineyards.  Alternative  to  Provence.  Good  value. 
(609)  924-4332.  jcuad@aol.com. 


Figure  8  Island  Rentals 

Horning  Cottage  5BR/3B  $3,650/wk 
Bachman  Cottage:  5  BR  (2  Masters)/4B, 

soundfront  $3,850/wk 

Blanken  Cottage:  5BR  (3  Masters)/4.5B, 

soundfront/deepwater  dock  for  2  boats,  $4,050/wk 

Tree  House:  5BR/4.5B,  tidal  boating, 

360°  view  of  island,  $4,050/wk 

All  cottages  include  luxury  tax  and  linens/ 

numerous  amenities. 

Spring/fall  is  summer  weather, 

temperature-wise,  no  crowds. 

www.figure8rentals.com 
B.  Bachman  (910)  686-1144 


Paris,  Elegant  Left  Bank  Apartment:  Sixth 

Arrondissement.  Walk  to  Seine,  Louvre,  and 
Luxembourg  Gardens.  Near  open-air  market. 
(609)  924-7520.  gaml@comcast.net. 

London:  My  apattment  near  Marble  Arch  is 
less  expensive  than  a  hotel  and  a  whole  lot  nicer. 
(919)  929-3194.  elisabeth.fox@duke.edu. 

Edisto  Island,  S.C.:  Fantastic  beachfront  house 
sleeping  12.  Great  spring/fall  rates.  Near  Charleston. 
(202)  338-3877  for  information,  pictures. 


LIGHTUPYOUR 

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and  students  of  Duke, 

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Raleigh  area,  call  Ginger  Rogers  or  Rick  Rogers 

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mails  in  late  September;  November-December  issue, 
September  1,  mails  in  late  November. 


July-August  2007         79 


Under  the  Gargoyle 


ment  is  measured  by  the 
scores  kids  achieve  on  stan- 
dardized tests.  In  most  states, 
schools  with  poor  test  scores 
face  mandatory  funding  cuts. 
Teachers,  already  underpaid 
and  overworked,  are  forced 
to  teach  for  success  on  the 
tests,  not  for  knowledge  or 


Learning  in  the  Information  Age 

By  CATHY  DAVIDSON 

Whether  you  graduated  from  Duke 
in  1956  or  1996,  you  probably  use 
different  forms  of  media  in  your 
life  today  than  you  did  when  you 
were  a  student.  In  the  last  decade,  you've  had 

to  master  more  new  devices  than  you  ever  creative  thinking.  Teachers 
dreamed  of.  Technology  is  always  changing,  feel  as  demoralized  as  stu- 
but,  recently,  the  rate  of  change  is  dizzying,  dents.  We  face  a  crisis  in  finding  talented 
New  technologies  have  had  an  impact  on  young  people  willing  to  enter  the  teaching 
business,  economic,  social,  political,  cultur-  profession — and  willing  to  stay, 
al,  environmental,  agricultural,  scientific,  Radical  cutbacks  to  education  certainly 
medical,  artistic,  and  journalistic  practices,  contribute  to  the  catastrophe.  In  some  states, 
In  fact,  it  is  hard  to  imagine  many  human  for  example,  soaring  costs  for  new  prisons 
endeavors  that  haven't  changed  drastically  are  paid  out  of  the  same  pot  of  tax  money  as 
in  the  last  two  decades.  public  education.  What  kind  of  tradeoff  is 
Except  maybe  for  one — education.  Imag-  that?  The  issue  isn't  just  spending,  but  val- 
ine Ichabod  Crane,  that  parody  of  bad  ped-  ues.  In  what  kind  of  future  do  we  wish  to 
agogy,  walking  into  virtually  any  classroom  invest?  How  much  do  we  want  to  educate 
today.  Although  he  wouldn't  know  how  to  this  generation  for  the  future? 
turn  on  the  lights  (never  mind  start  the  com-  Socioeconomic  factors  play  an  indisput- 
puter  for  the  day's  PowerPoint),  he  would  able  role  in  educational  achievement,  but 
know  exactly  where  to  stand  and  what  he  we  also  know  that  innovative,  inspirational 
was  supposed  to  do.  teaching  can  succeed  against  seemingly  in- 
That's  a  sobering  thought,  but  it  might  surmountable  odds.  I  am  convinced  that 
not  give  one  pause  if  America's  educational  one  reason  for  the  high  drop-out  rate  across 
system  was  a  glorious  success.  It's  not.  Our  all  levels  of  society  today  is  simple  boredom. 


national  public  education  is 
failing  badly.  The  U.S.  cur- 
rently has  a  high-school  drop- 
out rate  estimated  at  over 
thirty  percent.  That  deplor- 
able rate  is  highest  among  the 
poor.  But  recently  the  num- 
ber of  dropouts  has  been  ris- 
ing across  all  socioeconomic 
classes  and  across  diverse  com- 
munities and  regions.  Boys 
fare  especially  badly  in  sec- 
ondary education,  which  is 
one  reason  there  are  significantly  more 


I  am  convinced 
that  one  reason  for 
the  high  drop-out 
rate  across  all  levels 
of  society  today  is 
simple  boredom. 


The  same  six-year-old  who 
customizes  his  Pokemon  game- 
play  with  a  suite  of  digital 
editing  tools  that  would  be- 
fuddle his  parents  then  sits  in 
class  memorizing  seemingly 
meaningless  facts.  The  context 
of  those  facts  doesn't  count. 
What  counts  is  a  score  on  a  test 
whose  purpose  is  to  measure 
the  acquisition  of  those  facts. 
The  typical  student  enter- 
ing college  this  fall  was  born 
in  1989.  The  official  birth  date  of  the  desk- 


women  than  men  in  college  today.  To  put  top  computer  is  1983;  for  the  Internet  it's 
our  failure  in  perspective:  The  U.S.  now  1991.  That  means  we  are  beginning  to  teach 
ranks  seventeenth  among  industrial  nations  students  who  do  not  remember  a  time  before 
in  educational  attainment.  they  were  online,  for  whom  social  life  and 
The  predominant  educational  philoso-  informal  learning  are  interconnected,  who 
phy  of  our  era  is  euphemistically  called  are  used  to  collaboration  and  networking 
"Leave  No  Child  Behind,"  a  pedagogy  based  and  multitasking,  and  who  don't  just  con- 
on  routinized  learning  where  accomplish-  sume  media,  but  customize  it.  These  stu- 


dents bring  fascinating  new 
skills  to  our  classrooms  as 
well  as  an  urgent  need  for 
critical  thinking  about  the 
digital  world  they  have  in- 
herited and  will  be  shaping. 
To  ignore  their  skills  or  their 
needs  is  to  abdicate  our  re- 
sponsibility as  teachers. 

For  the  past  two  years,  I 
have  joined  with  other  edu- 
cators working  on  the  John  D.  and  Cath- 
erine T.  MacArthur  Foundation's  new  ini- 
tiative on  Digital  Media,  Learning,  and  Ed- 
ucation. This  fall,  the  MacArthur  Founda- 
tion will  sponsor  its  first  open  competition 
in  the  U.S.,  run  by  a  team  centered  at  the 
John  Hope  Franklin  Center  at  Duke  and 
the  University  of  California's  Humanities 
Research  Institute.  We  will  be  seeking  in- 
novators who  pioneer  new  models  of  learn- 
ing that  build  upon  and  enhance  the  infor- 
mal learning  styles  of  youth  today.  We  will 
be  looking  for  teachers  who  develop  the  cre- 
ative, associational,  and  collaborative  cogni- 
tive strategies  that  kids  engage  in  when 
they  play  games  online.  We  will  be  support- 
ing inventive  instruction  in  impoverished 
communities  as  well  as  at  progressive  and 
experimental  universities.  And  we  hope  to 
support  some  programs  that  span  those  com- 
munities, where  university  faculty  and  stu- 
dents are  working  with  economically  disad- 
vantaged youth,  and  where  each  is  learning 
from  the  other  in  significant  ways. 

I  hope  that  this  MacArthur  initiative  will 
spawn  a  national  movement  of  concerned 
citizens  who  demand  a  better  educational 
system  for  our  country.  We  don't  have  a 
choice,  really.  Not  when  the  richest,  most 
powerful  nation  on  the  face  of  the  planet 
ranks  seventeenth  in  educational  attain- 
ment. A  mind  is  a  terrible  thing  to  waste.  It 
would  be  ironic,  and  certainly  tragic,  if  the 
Information  Age  went  down  in  history  as 
America's  Age  of  Ignorance. 

Davidson  is  the  John  Hope  Franklin  Humanities 
Institute  Professor  of  Interdisciplinary  Studies, 
the  Ruth  F.  DeVamey  Professor  of  English, 
and  adjunct  professor  in  Information  Science 
+  Information  Studies  (ISIS) . 


80 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Homecoming  2007 

October  12-14 

\ 


Homecoming  2007  is  the  time  for  alumni  of  all  ages 
and  students  —  to  engage,  connect,  and  celebrate 
during  the  biggest  fall  weekend  on  campus. 

•  Faculty  Speakers  and  Panels 

•  Concerts  and  Performances 

•  Half  Century  Club  Gala 

•  President's  Homecoming  Dance 

•  Affinity  Group  Events 

•  Blue  Devils  on  the  Gridiron 

Save  the  Date 

Come  to  campus  for  Homecoming,  and  to  celebrate 
with  the  Half  Century  Club.  More  information  will  be 
coming  your  way  this  summer. 

For  the  most  up-to-date  information: 
www.dukealumni.com/homecoming 


Duke 

ALUMNI    ASSOCIATION 


DUKE 


SOX    905  72.    PL'  R  II   \  M  .   NORTH   i     \ ROL I N A    27708-0572 


NONPROFIT  ORG. 

U.S.  Postage 
PAID 
P  P  C  O 


ClIAMil    Sl:R\  III:   RlAJI  ISTI.D 


The  Sixth  Annual  Fuqua  School  of  Business  and  Coach  K  Leadership  Conference 

In  today's  competitive,  global  marketplace,  only  strong,  ethical  businesses  can  thrive.  Hear  from  more  than  20  distinguished 
leaders  in  business,  sports  and  government  who  lead  successfully  in  their  careers.  Learn  more  at  ConferenceOnLeadership.com. 

October  15-17,  2007 


Building  World  Class  Leadership  Teams 


Distinguished  speakers  include:  Mellody  L.  Hobson,  President,  Ariel  Capital  Management,  LLC;  Joe  Hogan,  CEO,  GE  Healthcare; 
Tom  Schmitt,  President  /CEO,  FedEx  Global  Supply  Chain  Services;  G.  Kennedy  Thompson,  President/CEO,  Wachovia  Corporation; 

Donna  Orender,  President,  WNBA .  Conference  Hosted  by  the  Fuqua/Coach  K  Center  of  Leadership  &  Ethics  (COLE). 
Sponsored  by:        j      jf ARAMARK       Q^      ft8HS£       " 


DUKE 


Heidrick  &  Struggli 


M  a  g  a  z 


PINT-SIZED  VIRTUOSOS 
END-ZONE  AMBITIONS 
A  COLONEL'S  MORAL  TEST 


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THE  SIMPLICITY  OF  LAKE  LIFE 
AND  VIEWS  TO  LAST  A  LIFETIME. 

I     On  Lake  James,  nature  surrounds.  The  majesty 
of  the  Blue  Ridge  Mountain  peaks  in  Western 
North  Carolina  is  complemented  by  the  soothing 
sounds  of  a  bird's  morning  song  or  the  wind  blowing 
through  the  trees.  Families  experience  the  best 
of  life  in  this  peaceful  mountain  lake  retreat — 
morning  hikes,  afternoon  kayaking  or  waterskiing, 
and  starry  nights  around  a  campfire.  This  is  a  place 
family  and  friends  feel  welcome.  New  adventures 
are  around  every  corner,  and  lifelong  memories 
are  waiting  to  be  made. 

It's  all  here.  On  Lake  James. 

Call  866-889-2003  or  visit  Lakejames.com  to 
learn  more  about  becoming  one  of  the  fortunate 
few  to  create  a  mountain  retreat  on  Lake  James. 


Communities  by  Crescent  Resources,  LLC 
Generous  and  carefully  selected  land  parcels  starting  in  the  $300s. 

CRESCENT  COMMUNITIES  ON  LAKE  JAMES 

124  W.  Union  St.   •  Morganton,  NC  28655 

866-889-2003    •   Lakejames.com 

ke  James  are  registered  with  the  office  of  the  Interstate 

ioHfiBU.s.r — -  


r  Onlii 


yrnirWHTfi 


77 


the  Gothic  Bookshop  aw 
For  more  information:  ] 

www.DukeR 


Septem. 


ig  Program  Summe 


fin 

1    THE  BEST  0 

jj    ByOshaGray 

F  ENEMIES 

«ft  ;"- 

Davidson 

rm 

-  _     Live  chat  with  au 
1     Homecoming    ™ 

October 

^■rra  [$*{  rai  |  in  if 

raid  Abpui 

Rita  D.  Holloway  Univ 

1 

WENEEDTOTAI 

By  Lionel  Shriver 

1 

Online  chat:  Octobflj 

iightYear 

Noveml 

Selected  by  Rev  H 
James  B.  Dul 

LIGHT  YEJ 

7 

HBJff 

anuary  '08 

Selected  by  Richard  H.  Brodhear 
President,  Duke  University 

THE  NAMESAKE 

By  Jhumpa  Lahiri 

iline  chat:  January  9, 2008 


ary 

Anne  Firor  Scott 


George  Eliot 

ne  chat:  February  20, 2008 


NS,  GERMS,  AND  STEEL 

By  Jared  Diamond 

lline  chat:  March  19, 2008 


of  English 
IETTE  IN  ECSTASY 


:April  16,2008 


G.n'cr:  Prcdicuihlc  pdUerru — constructai 
l/u'or-,  e.\-pldms  lt"U  lutimil  and  manmadc 
systems  create  pathways  ihat  allow  for 
■  'jmmal  in. -u'"1l-ti[.  Photos:  Mississippi 
River  delta  by  hlASA-JPL-Endeavorf 
distal  uTMuii  /n  SL-ience  Facrion;  mapof 
London,  1851,  Bridgeman  Art  Library 

Vol.  93,  No.  5 

EDITOR: 

Robert  J.  Bliwise  A.M. '88 

MANAGING  EDITOR: 

Zoe  Ingalls 

SENIOR  WRITER: 

Bridget  Boohet  '82,  A.M.  '92 

CLAY  FELKER 

MAGAZINE  FELLOW: 

Jacob  Dagger  '03 

SENIOR  EDITORIAL 

ASSISTANT: 

Kate  Bailey 

PUBLISHER:  Sterly  L.  Wilder  '83 

and  Peter  Vaughn 

STUDENT  INTERN: 

KelK  Schmader 

DESIGN  CONSULTANT: 

Maxmc  Mills  Graphic  Design 

PRINTER:  Progress  Printing 

OFFICERS,  DUKE  ALUMNI 

ASSOCIATION: 

Thomas  C.  Clark  '69,  present; 

Sterly  L.  Wilder  '83,  secretary- 

PRESIDENTS,  SCHOOL 
AND  COLLEGE  ALUMNI 
ASSOCIATIONS: 
Sheila  Rayhurn  Cumbest  M.R.E.  '90, 
Dunlin  School:  Prayson  W.  Pate 
B.S.E.  '84.  Pr.it!  NJiim/w  En^inccnne.; 
Amy  Schick  Kenney  '96,  M.E.M.  '98, 
Xich.  iLls  School  of  the  Environment 
and  Earth  Neicncc.*;  Jonathan  Wie,ser 
M.B.A.  '94,  Fnutlti  SchniJi'j  KiiMnevs; 
J.  Brett  Bennett  M.H  A.  '86, 
Department  of  Health  AJmmisn,in<'ii; 
Tom  Winland  J.D.  74.  School  of  law; 
Roslyn  Bernstein  Mannon  M.D.  '85, 
School  o/ Medicine;  Carole  A.  Klove 
B.S.N.  '80,  School  of  Nursing;  Holly 
Eileen  Duehene  D.PT.  '01,  (.miJimtc 
Program  in  Physical  Therapy 
EDITORIAL  ADVISORY  BOARD: 
Clav  Felker  '51,  chair;  Petet 
Applebome  '71,  vice  chair;  Sarah 
Harde>i\  Br.i\-  '72;  Nancy  L. 
Cardwell  '69;  Jennifer  Farmer  '96; 
Jerrold  K.  Footlick;  Robbyn 
Footlick  '85;  Edward  M.  Gomez  '79; 
Devin  Gordon  '98;  Kerry  E. 
Hannon  '82;  John  Harwood  '78; 
Dave  Karger  '95;  Chris  Keyes  '96; 
Nora  Knig  '92;  Stephen  Labaton 
A.M./J.D.  '86;  Hugo  Lindgren  '90; 
Sara  Lipka  '01 ;  Julia  Livshin  '96; 
Valerie  A.  May  '77;  Michael 
Milstein  'SS;  N.  Page  Murray  III 
'85;  Ann  Pelham  '74;  Lauren 
Porcaro  '96;  Richard  Reeves; 
Jim  Rosenfield  '81;  Michael  J. 
Schoenfeld'S4;  Susan  Tifft  73; 
Greg  Veis  '03;  Jane  Vessels  77; 
James  O.  Wilson  74;  Shelby 
Oppel  Wood  '95;  Robert  J.  Bliwise 
A.M.  '88,  secretary 
SUBSCRIPTIONS: 
$20  per  year  ($30  foreign) 
Diike  Magazine,  Box  90572, 
Durham,  N.C.  27708 
PHONE:  (919)  684-5114 
FAX:  (919)  681-1659 
E-MAIL:  dukemag@duke.edu 
ADDRESS  CHANGES: 
Alumni  Records,  Box  90581, 
Durham,  N.C.  27708  or  e-mail 
bluedevil@duke.edu 
©  2007  Duke  University 
Puf  li-he.l  hme.nthly  by  the 
Office  of  Alumni  Affairs 


Going  With  the  Flow  by  Robert].  Bliwise 

Can  a  "commonsense,  concise,  and  useful"  theory  predict  the  shape  ot  things  that  are 

and  the  shape  of  things  to  come? 

String  Theory  by  Paul  Baerman  with  Molly  Darnofall 

The  Duke  University  String  School,  led  by  Dorothy  Kitchen,  has  been  introducing 

young  people  to  the  joys  of  the  violin,  viola,  cello,  and  bass  for  four  decades 

For  God  and  Country  by  Jeffrey  E.  Stern 

Caught  in  a  moral  crisis,  a  Marine  Corps  prosecutor  drops  a  high-profile  terrorism  case — 

and  finds  himself  a  symbol  of  the  ambiguities  of  the  war  on  terror 

Degrees  of  Success  by  Bridget  Booker 

Duke  football  is  coming  off  one  of  its  worst  seasons  ever,  but  the  players  are  pumped, 
determined  that  this  year  will  be  different  and  confident  that,  ultimately,  they  can't  lose 


Departments 
Quad  Quotes 

A  president's  penchant  for  secrecy,  Harry  Potter's  appeal, 
baseball's  bad  boy 

Forum 

Reporting  and  new  media,  lacrosse  and  the  justice  system 

Full  Frame 

Glimpses  of  history  in  the  Gothic  Reading  Room 


32 


46 


50 


A  Central  Campus  designer,  a  dean  of  undergraduate  education,  a  Romania-rich 
exhibit;  Campus  Observer:  tobacco-free  at  the  medical  center;  Q&A:  gauging  the 
social  costs  of  alcohol 


Books 

Reading  as  a  social  signifier,  lacrosse  ; 


i  a  rallying  cry 


Alumni  Register 

A  distinguished  Duke  couple,  a  send-off  for  new  students;  Career  Corner:  career  shifting; 
Retrospective:  pushing  for  integration;  mini-profiles:  writing  works  inspired  by  history, 
hitting  the  road  with  the  circus,  shaping  the  architecture  of  information 

Under  the  Gargoyle 

Get  engaged:  the  president's  charge  to  freshmen 


Between 
the  Lines 

Students  in  my  magazine-journal- 
ism seminar  sometimes  struggle 
to  figure  out  the  elements  of  a 
good  story.  Typically,  I  tell  them, 
it  hinges  on  something  counterintuitive, 
surprising,  or  ironic.  One  of  the  stories 
they  read,  by  Gay  Talese,  has  as  its  starting 
point  the  odd  situation  of  Frank  Sinatra 
— a  man  who  was  inseparable  from  his 
singing  voice — afflicted  with  a  cold. 

This  issue's  cover  story  centers  on  me- 
chanical-engineering professor  Adrian 
Bejan  and  his  constructal  theory,  which 
embraces  everything  that  involves  a 
flow  system — whether  human  lungs  or 
an  urban  plan.  Bejan  likes  assuming 
the  role  of  thinker  and  theorist.  He  ac- 
knowledges, though,  that  engineering 
has  become  so  enamored  of  specializa- 
tion that  grand  thinking  is  regarded 
skeptically. 

It's  odd,  or  at  least  interesting,  to  asso- 
ciate Duke  with  a  "mini-conservatory." 
But  the  Duke  String  School  has  just 
marked  its  fortieth  anniversary.  Forty 
years  ago,  the  arts  weren't  central  to 
Duke's  sense  of  itself.  That  didn't  deter 
the  string  school's  founder,  Dorothy 
Kitchen,  who  couldn't  imagine  a  cam- 
pus without  a  strong  musical  compo- 
nent. It's  equally  odd  to  conceive  of 
Duke  football  players — a  long-suffering 
lot,  most  would  presume — projecting 
confidence.  But  in  the  football  feature, 
one  player  declares,  "Every  game  is 
Christmas  day." 

Last  spring,  the  alumni-profile  sub- 
ject, Lieutenant  Colonel  Stuart  Couch 
'87,  a  veteran  Marine  Conns  prosecutor, 
received  a  burst  of  publicity  in  working 
his  way  through  a  moral  (and  legal) 
quandary.  As  a  player  in  the  war  on  ter- 
ror, he  reached  a  surprising  conclusion. 

Then  there's  the  Campus  Observer 
subject:  Duke  Health  System's  decision 
to  ban  smoking  on  its  grounds.  It's  an 
endlessly  alluded-to  irony  that  universi- 
ty founder  James  B.  Duke  was  an  indus- 
trialist associated  with  tobacco — a  sub- 
stance that's  become  anathema  at  the 
university  bearing  his  family's  name. 

— Robert].  Bliwise,  editor 


QUAD  QUOTES 


"I  spent  25  years  at  Georgia 
Tech,  and  the  Blue  Devils 
always  beat  our  pants  off  on 
the  basketball  court,  so  it'll 
be  nice  to  be  on  the  other 
side  of  that." 

—William  Chameides,  on  his 

recent  appointment  as  dean  of 

the  Nicholas  School  of  the 

Environment  and  Earth 

Sciences,  in  The  Chronicle 

"It's  very  disquieting  that  in 
the  middle  of  a  war  against 
terror,  you  find  your  govern- 
ment acting  more  like  the 
people  your  government  is 
fighting  against — secretive, 
undemocratic." 

—Steven  Hensen,  a  Duke 
Libraries  archivist  who  has 
testified  before  a  Congres- 
sional subcommittee  con- 
sidering overturning  Executive 
Order  13233,  which  keeps 
the  president's  papers 
private  beyond  the  standard 
twelve  years  out  of  office,  in 
Raleigh's  News  S  Observer 

"There's  not  the  same  sense 
of  investing  the  object  with 
sanctity.  Evangelicals  will 
use  whatever  helps  squeeze 
religion  into  the  cracks  of 
modern  life." 

—Lauren  Winner  M.Div.  '07, 

assistant  professor  of  Christian 

spirituality  at  Duke  Divinity 

School,  on  the  sanctity 

of  downloaded  Bible  verses 

and  the  iPods  that  hold  them, 

in  Newsweek 

"For  them  to  be  intoxicat- 
ed, it  just  doesn't  make 
much  difference,  because 
they  don't  do  anything." 
—Alex  Roland  Ph.D.  '74,  pro- 
fessor of  history  and  frequent 
NASA  critic,  on  allegations 
that  astronauts  were  drunk 
on  space-shuttle  flights, 
assuming  it  was  post-launch, 
in  the  Toronto  Star 

"Not  a  luxury  anymore,  it's 
a  necessity." 


Wallace  Center  for  Media  and 
Democracy,  on  the  importance  of 
using  technology  in  political  cam- 
paigns, in  Washington's  The  Hill 

"Faith,  which  the  president 
has,  reduces  the  complexi- 
ties of  history  into  a  simple 
explanation,  in  the  same 
way  that  Genesis  reduces 
the  wondrous  product  of 
billions  of  years  of  evolu- 
tion into  seven  simple  days. 
That  is  not  leadership." 
—James  E.  Coleman  Jr.,  profes- 
sor of  the  practice  of  law, 
on  George  W.  Bush,  in  a  letter 
to  the  editor  published  in 
The  New  York  Times 

"Someone  like  Ginsburg, 
who  used  to  be  a  cautious 
liberal,  is  now  an  angry 
liberal." 

-Neil  S.  Siegel  '94,  A.M.  '95, 

assistant  professor  of  law  and 

a  former  law  clerk  for  Supreme 

Court  Justice  Ruth  Bader 

Ginsburg,  on  his  former  boss' 

dismay  over  the  rulings  of  the 

court's  conservative  majority, 

in  The  Washington  Post 

"Rowling  has  . . .  written 
books  that  are  appealing  to 
lots  of  people  because 
they're  really  smart.  You've 
got  lots  of  Latin  and  Greek 
and  French  ...  as  well  as 
different  cultural  references 
that  adults  are  really  able  to 
get  and  enjoy." 
—Heather  Mitchell,  a  doctoral 
student  in  medieval  literature 
and  public-relations  director 
for  Prophecy  2007,  an  adults- 
only  conference  on  J.K. 
Rowling's  Harry  Potter  series 
held  in  August  in  Toronto,  in 
The  New  York  Times 

"Those  customers  are  being 
subsidized  by  somebody. 
They're  costing  more  than 
they're  paying  and  guess 
who's  subsidizing  them? 
Answer:  me." 

—Martha  Rogers,  adjunct  pro- 
fessor of  marketing,  on  the  cell- 
phone service  provider's 
sending  letters  to  customers 
who  called  customer  service  too 


frequently,  terminating  their 
contracts,  on  NPR's  Day  to  Day 

"Americans  love  a  fallen 
hero  who  goes  through 
hard  times  and  then  asks 
for  the  public's  forgiveness. 
Bonds  has  never  done  that. 
He's  been  the  opposite. 
He's  stonewalled  investiga- 
tions, he's  engaged  in  this 
absolute  denial." 

— Orin  Starn,  professor  of  cul- 
tural anthropology,  on  baseball 

home-run  king  Barry  Bonds,  in 
The  Tampa  Tribune 


PUKE  MAGAZINE 


"They  are  called  to  serve 
others,  so  they  neglect  them- 
selves. It's  time,  we  feel,  to 
make  an  intervention  to 
turn  that  hack  around." 
—Joseph  Mann,  director  of  the 
rural  church  division  of  The 
Duke  Endowment,  on  plans  by 
the  endowment  and  the  uni- 
versity to  implement  a  seven- 
year,  $12  million  plan  to  improve 
the  health  of  United  Methodist 
ministers  in  North  Carolina,  in 
The  Charlotte  Observer 

"To  really  test  that  scientifi- 
cally, you  would  have  to 


take  a  large  number  of  peo- 
ple, assign  them  to  drink  cof- 
fee every  day  or  never  drink 
coffee,  and  follow  them  for 
5  to  10  years.  No  one  is 
going  to  do  that  study." 

—James  D.  Lane,  associate 
research  professor  of  medical 
psychology  and  behavioral 
medicine,  on  proving  a  hypo- 
thetical link  between  caffeine 
use  and  heart  disease,  in  the 
Los  Angeles  Times 

"The  Hispanic  and  black 
elites  may  be  singing  'Kum- 
baya'  together.  But  at  the 


neighborhood  level,  they're 
duking  it  out.  Obama  needs 
to  understand  the  nuance 
and  not  assume  a  broad- 
brush  coalition." 

—Paula  McClain,  professor  of 

political  science,  on  Barack 

Obama's  campaign  push 

to  unite  Latinos  and  blacks, 

in  The  Wall  Street  Journal 

"When  we  can  give  people 
their  medicine  in  a  form 
that  doesn't  kill  them,  it 
will  be  real  progress." 

—Ed  Levin,  professor  of  bio- 


logical psychiatry,  on  the 
development  of  pharmaceuti- 
cals derived  from  nicotine, 
which  has  some  therapeutic 
properties,  in  Wired 

"We're  kept  waiting  like  the 

virgins  in  the  Gospel  for 

their  bridegroom  to  come. 

It's  getting  worse  every  day." 

—Lucas  Van  Rompay,  professor 

of  religion  and  scholar  of  Eastern 

Christianity,  on  the  hordes  of 

scholars  lining  up  outside  the 

Vatican  Library  every  day  after 

an  announcement  that  the 

library  would  close  in  July  for  a 

three-year  renovation,  in  The 

New  York  Times 


September -October  2007 


Forum 


A  High  Price  to  Pay 

The  news  that  Duke  charges 
$25,000  to  scatter  one's 
ashes  in  the  Sarah  P.  Duke 
Gardens  [Quad  Quotes, 
May-June  2007]  would  he 
laughable  if  it  were  not  an 
obscene  profanity  against 
those  who  would  want  to 
maintain  "contact"  with 
Duke  even  after  death. 

By  attempting  such  ex- 
tortion from  those  on  the 
way  to  the  grave,  Duke  is 
adding  further  credence  to 
the  popular  notion  that  it 
is  a  snobbish,  elitist  club  to 
which  ordinary  human 
beings  need  not  apply  for 
membership. 

William  R.McHughlW  68 
Bush,  Louisiana 


Vice  Presidential 
Correction 

I  am  writing  to  offer  a  cor- 
rection to  the  article  titled 
"Vice  Presidential  Changes" 
in  the  Gazette  section  of  the 
May-June  2007  issue.  A  sen- 
tence in  the  third  paragraph 
states  that  I  "served  as  an 
Army  Green  Beret  in  the 
Vietnam  War."  That  state- 
ment is  not  correct  and  may 
have  resulted  from  a  misin- 
terpretation of  my  biograph- 
ical overview,  which  states: 
"From  that  time  [1969]  until 
August  1975,  he  was  an 
officer  in  the  United  States 
Army  serving  with  the  82nd 
Airborne  Division  and  U.S. 
Army  Special  Forces.  His 
army  career  included  a  one- 
year  combat  tour  in  the  Re- 
public of  Vietnam." 

I  served  with  the  82nd 
Airborne  Division  prior  to 


going  to  Vietnam,  where  I 
served  as  a  platoon  leader 
with  "A"  Troop,  First  Squad- 
ron, First  Armored  Cavalry, 
Americal  Division.  When 
I  returned  to  Fort  Bragg,  I 
was  assigned  to  the  John  F. 
Kennedy  Center  for  Special 
Warfare  (later  renamed  the 
U.S.  Army  Institute  for 
Military  Assistance).  I  was 
initially  assigned  as  execu- 
tive officer  of  Company 
"E,"  which  was  responsible 
for  the  training  in  Phase 
One  of  the  Special  Forces 
Qualification  Course. 

I  later  became  command- 
ing officer  of  Company  "B," 
where  the  students  attending 
the  Special  Forces  Officers 
Course  were  under  my  com- 
mand. I  did  not  serve  with 
Special  Forces  in  Vietnam. 

PhailWynnJr. 
Hillsborough,  North  Carolina 

Wynn  will  become  vice  presi- 
dent for  Durham  and  regional 
affairs  in  January  2008. 

The  State  of  Journalism 

I  respect  Kevin  Sack's  Jour- 
nalism (with  a  capital  "J"), 
but  am  disappointed  his 
Futrell  acceptance  was  a 
vehicle  for  the  very  outdat- 
ed self-indulgence  that  has 
the  media  in  the  dire  straits 
he  decries  ["Futrell  Jour- 
nalism Award  Winner"  and 
Under  the  Gargoyle,  May- 
June  2007]. 

Sack  bemoans  that  quality 
doesn't  corral  readers,  citing 
circulation  declines  despite 
Pulitzers.  No  wonder  news- 
rooms are  alienating  their 
audiences.  By  turning  noses 
up  at  unique  local  informa- 
tion that  should  be  their 


advantage  in  a  commodi- 
tized  market,  journalists 
like  Sack  give  readers  little 
motivation  for  loyalty. 

I  take  exception  to  Sack's 
broad-brush  characteriza- 
tion of  "new  media,"  hav- 
ing "little  interest  in  assum- 
ing the  old  media's  mission 
of  fully  and  fairly  reporting 
the  news."  For  every  "lazy 
and  cynical"  aggregator, 
there  is  someone  doing 
what  newspapers  will  not. 

I  know  of  what  I  speak. 
Gary  Cohen  '92,  J.D.  '95  and 
I  started  PegasusNews.com 
to  provide  what  newspapers 
don't — deep  customized 
content  for  niches  and 
neighborhoods. 

Sack  might  be  surprised 
to  see  our  database  of  every 
candidate,  official,  and  con- 
tributor in  our  region — 
something  the  newspaper 
does  not  provide.  He  might 
be  appalled  to  learn  that 
mere  citizens  reported  on 
elections  in  towns  that 
journalists  eschew.  When 
we  cover  mundane  things, 
we  get  hundreds  of  respons- 
es and  thousands  of  eyeballs 
— partly  because  of  tech- 
nologies Sack  fears,  deliver- 
ing unique  and  wanted 
information  to  each  indi- 
vidual. Your  trivia  is  critical 
to  someone  else. 

While  Sack's  employers 
talk  about  "standards  of  ac- 
curacy and  fairness"  and  their 
self-anointed  position  as 
the  "bearers  of  witness,"  the 
new  media  are  practicing 
transparency  and  inclusion. 

Next  year,  I  hope  Duke 
will  honor  someone  who 
will  not  use  this  forum  to 
grouse  that  his  entitlement 
is  being  stripped  away.  Only 


a  small  percentage  of  his 
audience  will  "risk  their 
asses  in  Baghdad."  The  rest 
will  have  to  join  us  in  risk- 
ing them  here  at  home. 

Mike  Orren  '93 
Dallas,  Texas 
Orren  is  president  of 
Pegasus  News 
Like  Kevin  Sack,  I  am  deeply 
concerned  by  the  demise  of 
newspaper  journalism.  To 
me,  the  most  troubling  out- 
come of  this  trend  is  the 
tendency  for  many  people 
to  only  frequent  websites  or 
other  sources  that  reinforce 
their  already-held  biases. 
Instead  of  getting  balanced 
and  objective  information, 
they  are  satisfied  with  opin- 
ion based  on  questionable 
or  no  research,  as  long  as  it 
agrees  with  their  own,  since 
it  raises  their  own  opinion 
to  the  status  of  "fact"  in 
their  own  minds. 

That  our  political  climate 
is  the  most  divisive  I've 
seen  in  forty  years  is  at  least 
in  part  due  to  this  trend.  It 
is  hard  to  have  thoughtful 
political  dialogue  when  so 
many  people  are  willing  to 
accept  assertion  as  "Proof 
and  anything  they  see  on 
the  Internet  as  "Truth." 

As  I  was  browsing  in  a 
bookstore  the  other  day, 
another  customer  asked  me 
if  I  knew  of  any  good  books 
on  Hillary  Clinton.  I  men- 
tioned one  and  told  him  I 
hadn't  read  it  but  heard  it 
was  fair  and  objective.  He 
replied,  "But  does  it  dump 
on  her  real  good  and  make 
her  look  like  a  bitch?  That's 
what  I'm  looking  for."  I'd 
guess  this  man  was  not  an 
avid  reader  of  Mr.  Sack's 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


or  any  other  newspaper. 
The  new  technologies 
have  opened  up  a  whole 
new  world  ot  opportunity 
for  people  to  read  and  hear 
only  what  is  comfortable  for 
them,  and  have  made  those 
pesky  objective  newspapers 
expendable.  And  that  is 
very  sad  for  all  of  us. 

]im  Seamon  '70 
Punta  Gorda,  Florida 

Lacrosse: 

The  Latest  Round 

I'm  writing  to  ask  for  a  cor- 
rection or  clarification  of  a 
factual  error  in  your  article 
"One  Year  Later"  [May-June 
2007].  You  quote  Professor 
Michael  Gustafson,  who  re- 
fers to  "Lubiano's  reference 
to  the  players  as  'perfect  of- 
fenders.' "  Professor  Gustaf- 
son is  incorrect.  I  did  not  call 
the  players  perfect  offenders. 

The  essay  [he  refers  to] 
discusses  at  some  length  the 
rhetoric  that  circulated  in 
the  immediate  wake  of  the 
incident.  I  wrote  there  that 
some  of  the  rhetoric  com- 
ing "either  from  those  de- 
fending the  alleged  offend- 
ers or  those  defending  the 
alleged  victim,  is  rhetoric 
driven,  haunted,  by  a  fight 
over  whether  or  not  we 
have  offenders  who  can  be 
seen  as  'perfect'  in  their  vil- 
lainy" or  "a  victim  whose 
victimage  can  be  seen  as 
necessarily  complete  and 
thus  'perfect.' " 


Throughout  that  essay  I 
tried  to  make  sense  of,  and 
wrote  about  the  perspec- 
tives of,  those  who  were 
defenders  of  the  alleged  vic- 
tim or  of  the  team.  Among 
other  things,  I  argued  that 
in  discussing  the  need  of 
those  who  were  critical  of 
the  team  to  intensify  what 
they  saw  as  the  players' 
"perfectness  as  offenders," 
various  differences  (ethnic, 
wealth,  behavioral)  among 
the  players  that  complicat- 
ed this  picture  had  to  disap- 
pear. That  essay  attempted 
to  explain  the  flattening  out 
of  complexities  in  the  gen- 
eral public  discussion.  Its 
entire  five  and  a  half  pages 
are  accessible  to  you  and  to 
Duke  Magazine  readers  via 
the  Duke  African  &  African 
American  Studies  blogspot: 
http://dukeaaas.blogspot.com/ 
2006/04/social'diasater'VoiceS' 
from-durham  .html 

Wahneema  Lubiano 

Associate  professor  of  African 

&  African  American  Studies 

and  Literature 

I  appeared  in  "One  Year 
Later."  There  are  two  parts 
I  would  like  to  comment  on 
where  I  believe  I  have  been 
unclear  or  have  implied 
statements  not  actually  made 
by  my  colleagues. 

First,  the  article  stated, 
"Where  some  outside  com- 
mentators on  the  lacrosse 
case  see  a  faculty  at  war 
with  itself,  Gustafson  says 
the  conversation  among 


Sack:  newspaper  man 


colleagues  has  been  civil."  I 
wanted  to  clarify  this  to  say 
that  my  conversations  with 
colleagues  have  been  civil, 
but  that  I  certainly  cannot 
speak  for  all  others.  I  have 
had  both  face-to-face  and 
electronic  "conversations" 
with  several  faculty  mem- 
bers, including  those  with 
whom  (to  quote  one  of 
them)  there  are  "clear  spaces 
of  disagreement."  I  have 
learned  much  from  them — 
sometimes  abandoning  that 
which  I  once  defended  and 
sometimes  feeling  even  more 
positive  about  my  own 
opinions.  Unfortunately, 
there  is  ample  proof  that 
not  all  interactions  have 
been  so  collegial. 

Second,  regarding  the 
following  line:  "In  the  post- 
ing, he  referred  in  particular 
to  Lubiano's  reference  to  the 
players  as  'perfect  offenders,' 
and  to  another  colleague's 
equating  white  innocence 
with  black  guilt  and  men's 
innocence  with  women's 
guilt."  The  wording  of  my 
weblog  posting  did  imply 
the  above.  Dr.  Lubiano,  in 
her  article,  "Perfect  Offen- 
ders, Perfect  Victim:  The 
Limitations  of  Spectacular- 
ity  in  the  Aftermath  of  the 
Lacrosse  Team  Incident," 
actually  stated  that,  "If  a 
crime  occurred,  I  want  to 
insist  that  . . .  the  offenders 
need  not  be  spectacularly 
represented  or  constructed 
as  perfect  offenders. . . ."  Dr. 
Holloway,  in  her  article, 
"Coda:  Bodies  of  Evidence," 
did  not  herself  set  forth  the 
equations  above  but  dis- 
cussed how  many  in  society 
viewed  the  case,  stating 
that "...  innocence  and 


guilt  have  been ; 
through  a  metric  of  race 
and  gender." 

With  the  attorney  gener- 
al's declaration  of  innocence 
for  the  previously  indicted 
players,  and  with  the  an- 
nouncement of  a  settlement 
between  them  and  the  uni- 
versity, we  can  now  examine 
our  responses  as  an  institu- 
tion and  as  individuals  to 
the  myriad  complex  issues 

It  is  hard  to  have  thoughtful  political  dia- 
logue when  so  many  people  are  willing  to 
accept  assertion  as  "Proof"  and  anything 
they  see  on  the  Internet  as  "Truth." 

that  the  last  year  and  more 
have  (re) illuminated.  An 
important  part  of  that  ex- 
amination will  be  to  focus 
on  what  people  actually  said 
or  wrote  rather  than  others' 
interpretations  thereof,  and 
so  I  am  glad  to  have  the 
opportunity  to  make  the 
clarifications  above. 

Michael  Gustafson  B.S.E. 
'93,  Ph.D. '99 

Assistant  professor  of 
the  practice  of  electrical  and 

computer  engineering 

Robert  Bliwise's  article  "One 
Year  Later"  is  quite  a  disap- 
pointment. One  would  think 
that  a  respected  institution 
of  higher  learning  would 
seize  this  opportunity  for  a 
meaningful  examination  of 
its  own  conduct  in  the  Ni- 
fong/Mangum  affair.  In- 
stead, the  vast  majority  of 
the  article  is  devoted  to 
criticism  of  Nifong  and  the 
news  media. 

The  article  briefly  skims 
over  the  university's  many 
mistakes.  Unfortunately,  by 


September -October  2007  7 


the  end  of  the  piece,  the 
author  depicts  the  adminis- 
tration as  a  victim  of  Nifong 
and  the  news  media,  when 
in  fact  the  administration 
was  a  willing  participant  in 
the  public  humiliation  of 
some  of  its  finest  student- 
athletes  and  their  coach. 

The  author's  treatment  of 
the  Group  of  88  takes  a  sim- 
ilar tack.  The  article  fails  to 
examine  why  so  many  al- 

The  Duke  [lacrosse]  case  reminds 

us  that  justice  can  go  wrong  for  anyone, 

regardless  of  race  and  class. 

leged  scholars  have  been 
unwilling  to  meaningfully 
discuss  their  decision  to 
make  an  unfounded,  public 
accusation  against  a  group 
of  their  own  students.  Pro- 
fessor Baker  receives  a  lot 
of  critical  e-mail  because  of 
his  conduct?  It's  shocking 
that  a  professor  should  ever 
be  subject  to  criticism  for 
his  public  statements.  There 
should  be  a  law! 

In  the  end,  the  author 
endorses  President  Brod- 
head's  cowardly  desire  to 
simply  "move  on"  without 
closely  examining  the  uni- 
versity's misconduct  or  cor- 
recting the  underlying  rea- 
sons for  it.  On  a  topic  of 
such  obvious  importance  to 
the  Duke  community,  the 
magazine  should  take  a  more 
serious  and  constructive  ap- 
proach. I  look  forward  to  a 
more  penetrating  article  that 
is  more  in  keeping  with  an 
elite  university's  mission. 

Kenneth  Bullock ]. D., 

LL.M.  '95 

Springfield,  Virginia 


While  we  agree  with  most 
of  your  article  regarding  the 
Duke  lacrosse  case,  we  are 
disturbed  by  one  omission. 
There  is  nothing  in  the  ar- 
ticle acknowledging  that 
such  failures  of  justice  occur 
regularly  for  many  in  the 
poor  and  minority  commu- 
nity. Prosecutorial  over- 
reaching, corrupted  eyewit- 
ness testimony,  rush  to  judg- 
ment, and  racial  bias  are 
commonplace.  The  com- 
munity overreaction  in  this 
case  demonized  white 
power  and  privilege;  usually 
it  demonizes  poor  and  mi- 
nority individuals. 

I  (David),  when  hearing  of 
the  Duke  charges,  assumed 
that  the  accused  were  guilty, 
just  as  I  had  twenty-one  years 
ago  when  Darryl  Hunt  was 
charged  with  rape  and  mur- 
der here  in  Winston-Salem. 
I  was  wrong  both  times. 
Our  default  response  is  that 
the  prosecutor  got  it  right; 
yet  as  the  Duke  case  re- 
minds us,  we  must  be  care- 
ful about  our  default  judg- 
ments. In  Winston-Salem 
we  have  learned  that  many 
layers  of  "justice"  created  a 
terrible  wrong  for  Darryl 
Hunt,  a  poor  black  man 
convicted  of  raping  and 
murdering  a  white  woman, 
then  exonerated  after 
eighteen  years  in  prison. 

The  Duke  case  reminds 
us  that  justice  can  go  wrong 
for  anyone,  regardless  of 
race  and  class.  Thankfully, 
none  of  the  Duke  players 
spent  significant  time  in 
jail.  Is  that  a  function  of 
their  social  and  economic 
power?  We  think  so.  Of  the 
203  people  in  this  country 
who  have  been  wrongfully 


convicted  and  later  exoner- 
ated by  DNA  evidence  (after 
spending  an  average  of 
twelve  years  in  prison),  121 
are  African  Americans;  al- 
most none  have  had  signifi- 
cant economic  power.  See 
www.innocenceproject .  org. 
We  assume  the  justice 
system  will  work  for  us.  For 
those  unable  to  afford  pow- 
erful attorneys,  it  often 
doesn't.  Let  us  use  the  in- 
justice of  the  Duke  case  to 
build  a  justice  system  that 
truly  works  for  everyone. 

David  Harold  '66 
Madeline  Harold 
]acob  Harold  '99 
Rachel  Harold  '03 
Winston-Salem, 
North  Carolina 
David  Harold  is  interim  exec- 
utive director  of  the  Darryl 
Hunt  Project  for  Freedom 
and  Justice 

"One  Year  Later"  is  an  ex- 
cellent precis  of  Duke's  com- 
plex, multifaceted  responses 
to  manage  the  lacrosse  cri- 
sis. What  was  not  discussed, 
however,  was  senior-level 
decision-making. 

At  the  time  critical  stra- 
tegic decisions  were  required 
(principally  in  late-March 
2006),  Duke  officials  simply 
did  not  have  the  informa- 
tion to  forcefully  challenge 
Nifong  and  the  ravenous 
news  media,  both  of  whom 
had  opportunistically  de- 
cided that  the  "perfect  fire- 
storm" of  race,  sex,  affluence, 
class,  and  so  forth  was  too 


publicly  appealing  to  pru- 
dently await  the  legal  sys- 
tem's determination  of  facts. 
Under  these  circumstances, 
what  realistic  options  did 
Duke  have,  other  than  to 
advocate  the  historically 
proven  discovery  process 
and  to  highlight  the  pre- 
sumption of  innocence? 

Similarly,  Duke  is  so 
large,  so  complex,  and  has 
excelled  in  so  many  arenas 
that  no  major  issue  can  be 
appropriately  or  practically 
evaluated  from  the  perspec- 
tive of  any  single  Duke  in- 
terest or  constituency.  Had 
Chairman  Robert  Steel,  the 
trustees,  and  President  Brod- 
head — with  no  substantive 
evidence  and  several  weeks 
before  the  SBI's  initial  DNA 
test  results  were  available — 
aggressively  advocated  stu- 
dent innocence  based  solely 
on  passionate  declarations, 
what  consequences  might 
have  adversely  impacted 
Duke — and  its  many  pro- 
grams, schools,  and  relevant 
groups — if  the  two  DNA 
analyses  had  implicated  our 
students? 

I  respectfully  suggest  that 
senior  university  officials 
adopted  a  judicious  strategy 
both  by  emphasizing  the 
legal  system's  eventual 
determination  of  the  truth 
and  by  stressing  the  assump- 
tion of  innocence.  In  retro- 
spect, errors  were  made, 
many  founded  on  the  rea- 
sonable— but  horribly  erro- 
neous— assumption  that  no 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


long-term  professional  pros- 
ecutor would  knowingly, 
intentionally,  and  systemat- 
ically mislead  the  Durham 
and  Duke  communities 
(and  the  entire  nation,  for 
that  matter). 

I  am  extremely  proud  of 
the  way  the  Duke  Three — 
and  their  families — com- 
ported themselves  through- 
out their  ordeal;  I  have  con- 
tributed to  their  legal  de- 
fense fund;  and  I  have  not 
removed  their  blue  "inno- 
cent" wristband  since  the 
day  it  was  first  distributed. 
With  this  said,  however,  I 
believe  the  effortlessness 
with  which  many  now  ret- 
rospectively censure  Duke's 
administration  probably 
belies  the  decisions  they 
would  have  made  fifteen 
months  ago,  had  they  been 
responsible  for  overall,  uni- 
versity-wide leadership  and 
management,  including 
every  Duke  constituency 
and  all  Duke  interests. 

RoyW.KieferM.B.A.78 
Springfield,  Virginia 

What  mystery  lies  in  the 
Duke  lacrosse  story  becom- 
ing such  a  feeding  frenzy  for 
the  media  (and  Duke's  own 
grandstanding  faculty),  when 
its  administration  signals  to 
the  world  that  it  will  join 
willingly  in  the  condemna- 
tion of  its  accused  students, 
its  unaccused  students,  its 
culture,  legacy,  and  alumni? 
The  wolves  were  in  charge 
of  the  hen  house,  and  every- 
one knew  it. 

I  don't  know  with  whom 
President  Brodhead  was 
communing  in  those  first 
months  after  the  story  broke, 
but  I  personally  know  of  no 


one  who  waited  until  the 
tide  turned  against  the 
D.A.  to  condemn  the  ad- 
ministration's handling  of 
the  matter.  Mr.  Bliwise's 
suggestion  that  President 
Brodhead  valiantly  re- 
mained calm  and  neutral 
while  the  judicial  process 
ran  its  course  is  demonstra- 
bly false  and  only  draws  his 
own  objectivity  into  ques- 
tion. Unlike  the  "analogous" 
case  studies  that  Mr.  Bliwise 
cites  in  his  article,  the  in- 
juries that  our  institution 
has  sustained  in  this  affair 
were  in  no  small  measure 
self-inflicted,  and  that  makes 
all  the  difference. 

That  the  university's  trus- 
tees were  complicit  in  this 
disgraceful  abdication  of 
reason  and  responsibility 
means  only  that  they,  as 
well  as  Mr.  Brodhead, 
should  be  removed  from 
office  forthwith. 

Dorothy  Mitchell  '85 
New  York,  New  York 

The  Duke  lacrosse  case  pro- 
vides a  number  of  important 
lessons;  one  of  the  most  im- 
portant, as  Robert  Bliwise's 
"One  Year  Later"  alludes  to, 
concerns  the  media.  How- 
ever, rather  than  paint  all 
with  a  black  broad  brush,  I 
believe  it's  critical  to  distin- 
guish the  news  organizations 
which  attempted  to  fairly 
analyze  the  continual  stream 
of  data  out  of  the  case  from 
those  that  clearly  wanted  to 
see  the  three  Duke  men  con- 
victed, in  order  to  support 
their  own  ideological  agenda. 

Even  before  the  DNA 
"evidence"  came  back  neg- 
ative, Fox  News  presented 
numerous  panels  of  lawyers 


who  systematically  went 
through  all  of  the  contradic- 
tions in  the  case  and  con- 
cluded that  it  was  extremely 
unlikely  that  the  three  Duke 
men  were  guilty.  The  Wall 
Street  Journal  also  consis- 
tently and  persuasively  re- 
futed the  charges.  Ed  Brad- 
lee's  60  Minutes  lacrosse 
scandal  segments  on  CBS 
were  some  of  the  best  in  the 
history  of  the  show.  News- 
week started  with  the  awful 
cover  story,  but  then  seemed 
to  reverse  course  when  the 
facts  became  evident. 

In  contrast,  multiple  re- 
porters at  The  New  York 
Times,  as  Bliwise  stated,  stuck 
to  its  "narrative  of  privileged 
whites  abusing  poor  black 
women"  for  as  long  as  possi- 
ble. At  some  point  in  the  his- 
tory of  the  case,  one  couldn't 
help  but  deduce  that  agenda, 
rather  than  fact,  is  the  driv- 
ing force  in  their  reporting. 
As  the  Times  is  a  premier 
provider  of  world  and  na- 
tional news,  this  recognition 
has  very  serious  implica- 
tions, reaching  far  beyond 
the  Duke  lacrosse  scandal. 

As  George  Eliot  wrote, 
"The  scornful  nostril  and 
the  high  head  gather  not  the 
odors  that  lie  on  the  track 
of  truth." 

LoiMayB.S.E.72 
Wayland,  Massachusetts 


Editor's  note:  Because 
of  the  large  volume  of 
correspondence  on 
lacrosse,  we  have  posted 
additional  letters  on  the 
magazine's  website: 
dukemagazine .  duke .  edu. 


Elizabeth  Allardice 

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fri  >  /  *      * 


I    11  1 


Gazette 


ACROSS   THE   CAMPUS 


Central  Campus  on  the  Move 

elli  Clarke  Pelli  Architects,  an 
award-winning  firm  known  for 
such  works  as  the  Petronas  Towers 
in  Malaysia,  the  Pacific  Design 
Center  in  Los  Angeles,  Reagan  National 
Airport  in  Washington,  and  a  1984  ex- 
pansion of  the  Museum  of  Modern  Art 
in  New  York,  has  been  selected  as  master 
designer  for  the  redevelopment  of  Duke's 
Central  Campus. 

As  master  designer,  PCPA  will  devel- 
op an  overall  vision  for  the  campus  and 
its  architecture.  Its  architects  will  deter- 
mine the  placement  of  buildings  and  open 
space,  develop  design  guidelines,  choose 
key  materials,  design  several  individual 
buildings,  and  help  choose  architects  to 
collaborate  on  the  design  of  others. 
Central  Campus  consists  of  about  200 


acres  between  East  and  West  campuses  that 
are  now  home  mainly  to  aging  apartment 
structures.  Administrators  hope  the  redevel- 
opment, expected  to  occur  in  phases  over  a 
twenty-  to  fifty-year  period,  will  create  a 
Central  Campus  that  better  complements 
Duke's  other  campuses  and  connects  them. 
Initially,  the  redevelopment  was  seen  pri- 
marily as  a  way  to  replace 
and  update  existing  hous- 
ing, but  discussions  among 
programming  committees 
in  early  2005  led  planners 
to  begin  thinking  in  terms 
of  an  "academic  village" 
that  combines  housing 
with  academic  and  ad- 
ministrative departments. 
That  idea  was  reflected  in 
a  new  "Phase  I"  develop- 
ment plan  approved  by 


the  board  of  trustees  in  September  2006. 

"Simultaneously,  we  want  the  new  cam- 
pus to  address  academic  needs  in  arts,  hu- 
manities, and  international  programs,  and 
to  encourage  collaborative  learning  and  fos- 
ter interdisciplinary  research,"  says  Presi- 
dent Richard  H.  Brodhead.  "We  hope  to 
create  a  distinctive  campus  whose  quality  of 


,\ 

7 

..  ■* ,      f/  -  ^* 

S^^bf  M 

^|^JJ 

First  in  a  series:  Cesar  Pelli's  architectural  imprint  at  Duke  began  with  the 
sports  quadrangle  that  includes  the  Wilson  Recreation  Center 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


architecture  should  withstand  the  test  of 
time  and  be  equivalent  to  the  aesthetic  cal- 
iber of  East  and  West  campuses." 

Besides  aesthetic  and  programming  con- 
cerns, administrators  are  also  concerned  with 
sustainability.  Since  2003,  Duke  has  required 


Architectural  schools 
of  thought:  Among 
Pelli's  designs  are 
the  biology  and 
genetics  building 
at  the  University 
of  California-San 
Francisco,  top,  and 
the  research  complex 
at  the  University  of 
California-Los 


that  construction  on  campus  meet  or  ex- 
ceed the  Leadership  in  Energy  and  Envi- 
ronmental Design  (LEED)  Green  Build- 
ing Rating  System's  requirements,  and  the 
new  Central  Campus  is  no  exception. 

Duke  officials  are  confident  that 
PCPA  is  the  right  choice  for  the  job.  The 
firm's  previous  campus  work  includes 
projects  at  Rice  and  Yale  universities;  the 
Institute  for  Advanced  Study  in  Prince- 
ton, New  Jersey;  and  several  University 
of  California  campuses.  PCPA  also  de- 
signed the  sports  quadrangle  at  Duke 
that  includes  the  Wilson,  Schwartz-But- 
ters, and  Sheffield  buildings,  along  with 
"Krzyzewskiville." 

The  design  stage  for  the  new  campus  is 
expected  to  take  at  least  six  months.  Infra- 
structure work  could  begin  in  2008,  with 
some  buildings  opening  by  2010  or  201 1 . 

www.duke.edu/web/centralcampus 


Seven  on  Board 


In  July,  Duke's  board  of  trustees  wel- 
comed seven  new  members.  They  in- 
clude Benjamin  S.  Abram  B.S.C.E.  '07 
of  Chapel  Hill;  Jack  O.  Bovender  Jr. 
'67,  M.H.A.  '69  of  Nashville;  Ben  Kennedy 
'00,  M.B.A.  '07  of  Atlanta;  Elizabeth  Kiss  of 
Decatur,  Georgia;  Marguerite  Kondracke 
'68  of  Washington;  Michael  Marsicano  '78, 
Ph.D.  '82  of  Charlotte;  and  Ann  Pelham 
'74  of  Chevy  Chase,  Maryland. 

Abram,  named  "young  trustee"  this  past 
spring,  graduated  in  May.  While  at  Duke, 
he  traveled  to  Uganda  with  Duke  Engineers 
Without  Borders,  served  as  a  residential  ad- 
viser and  teaching  assistant,  and  was  senior 
class  president  for  the  Pratt  School  of  En- 
gineering. He  is  enrolled  in  graduate  school 
at  North  Carolina  State  University  in  civil/ 
transportation  engineering. 

A  thirty-eight  year  veteran  of  the  health- 
care industry,  Bovender  serves  as  chair  and 
chief  executive  officer  of  the  Nashville- 
based  Hospital  Corporation  of  America,  the 
nation's  leading  provider  of  health-care 
services,  with  180  hospitals  and  more  than 
100  ambulatory  surgery  centers  in  three 


BY  THE  NUMBERS 


Residential  Life  summer  cleaning 


1,015,000  Square  feet  of  student 
rooms 


8,000+  Square  yards 
2,000+  Gallons  of  paint 

834  Smoke  detectors  repla  ed 
615  New  mattressesf 
712  New  seats  and  backs 

for  student  desk  chairs 
224  New  window  blinds 
t26  Commons  rooms  refurbished 
6  New  media  rooms 
1  New  roof  (Wannamaker) 

—Kelly  Schmader 


I 


^H 


.g 


September -October  2007 


Gazette 


ACROSS   THE   CAMPUS 


countries.  Institutional  Investor  magazine  has 
called  him  the  "best  CEO  in  America"  for 
the  health-care  profession.  Bovender  is  a 
member  of  the  board  of  visitors  of  the  Fuqua 
School  of  Business,  has  served  on  the  exec- 
utive committee  of  the  Annual  Fund,  and 


has  been  a  board  and  committee  member 
for  Duke  Divinity  School. 

Kennedy  is  a  consultant  with  Bain  6k  Com- 
pany and  works  in  the  management  con- 
sulting firm's  Atlanta  office.  While  at  Fuqua, 
he  served  as  president  of  the  MBA  Associa- 


A  Voice  for  Undergraduates 


Stephen  Nowicki,  Duke's  former  dean  of  natu- 
ral sciences,  is  well  known  around  campus 
for  his  innovative  and  playful  approach  to 
engaging  students.  An  Anne  T.  and  Robert  M. 
Bass  fellow  and  professor  in  the  departments  of  biolo- 
gy, psychology,  and  neurobiology,  he  has  been  known 
to  juggle  flaming  clubs  in  the  classroom  and  integrate 
a  rock  band  into  a  lecture,  all  in  the  name  of  teaching. 

Outside  the  classroom,  his  activities  range  from 
involving  students  in  his  evolutionary  ecology  lab  to 
playing  the  trombone  in  the  student  pep  band.  So  it's 
appropriate  that  Nowicki,  engager  extraordinaire, 
became  Duke's  first  dean  of  undergraduate  education 
on  July  1. 

President  Richard  H.  Brodhead  says  the  new  post  is 
intended  to  better  integrate  the  academic  and  social 
dimensions  of  the  student  experience.  In  appointing 
Nowicki,  an  award-winning  teacher  and  international- 
ly known  researcher,  to  the  role,  Brodhead  and  Provost 
Peter  Lange  say  they've  found  a  natural  for  the  job. 
"Steve  has  lived  Duke's  vision  for  an  integrated 


undergraduate  education  by  getting  to  know  students 
in  all  of  the  places  where  they  learn,"  Brodhead  says.  "He 
understands  that  students  learn  best  when  there  is  a 
natural  connection  between  their  schoolwork,  their 
activities,  and  their  social  lives." 

As  dean,  Nowicki  will  serve  as  Duke's  principal 
spokesman  on  undergraduate  education  and  will  be 
responsible  for  leading  and  coordinating  all  aspects  of 
undergraduate  life.  Reporting  to  the  provost,  Nowicki 
will  work  closely  with  senior  administrators  in  the 
Trinity  College  of  Arts  &  Sciences,  Pratt  School  of 
Engineering,  Nicholas  School  of  the  Environment  and 
Earth  Sciences,  the  division  of  student  affairs,  and 
other  departments. 

Nowicki  will  oversee  facility  improvements  that 
affect  undergraduates'dining,  residential,  and  recre- 
ational experiences.  He  also  will  work  with  the  provost 
on  final  recommendations  emerging  from  the  ongoing 
Campus  Culture  Initiative. 

Alvin  L.  Crumbliss,  a  professor  of  chemistry  at  Duke 
since  1 970,  replaced  Nowicki  as  dean  of  natural  sciences. 


The  environmental  issues  facing  society  are 
myriad  and  daunting,  but  they  are  tract- 
able," says  atmospheric  chemist  William  L 
Chameides.  "They  will  require  a  new  kind 
of  professional,  with  an  interdisciplinary  approach 
and  an  understanding  that  spans  the  physical  and 
biological  sciences  to  the  social  sciences." 

Chameides  (pronounced  shah  MEE  diss)  will 
have  the  opportunity  to  define  and  train  just  that 
type  of  professional  in  his  role  as  the  new  dean  of 
the  Nicholas  School  of  the  Environment  and  Earth 
Sciences.  Previously  chief  scientist  for  the  nonprofit 
organization  Environmental  Defense  and  Regents' 
Professor  Emeritus  at  the  Georgia  Institute  of  Tech- 
nology, he  took  up  his  new  post  in  September.  He 
succeeded  William  H.  Schlesinger,  who  stepped  down 
in  June  to  become  president  and  director  of  the  In- 
stitute of  Ecosystem  Studies  in  Millbrook,  New  York. 
During  his  more  than  thirty  years  in  academe, 
Chameides  has  conducted  research  on  chemical, 
physical,  and  biological  processes  that  interact  to 
shape  the  environment  and  sought  to  identify  pos- 
sible pathways  toward  sustainability.  While  at 
Georgia  Tech,  he  moonlighted  as  chief  scientist  of 
the  Southern  Oxidants  Study,  a  multi-institutional 
research  program  focused  on  understanding  the 
causes  and  remedies  for  ground-level  ozone  pollu- 
tion in  the  southern  United  States;  as  study  direc- 
tor of  CHINA-MAP,  an  international  research  pro- 
gram examining  the  effects  of  environmental 
change  on  agriculture  in  China;  and  as  chair  of  the 
National  Research  Council's  Committee  on  Air 
Quality  Management  in  the  United  States.  He  is  a 
member  of  the  National  Academy  of  Sciences  and  a 
fellow  at  the  American  Geophysical  Union. 

During  a  brief  stint  away  from  academe,  begin- 
ning in  2005,  Chameides  served  as  chief  scientist 
for  Environmental  Defense,  advising  the  organiza- 
tion on  scientific  issues,  overseeing  its  research 
programs,  and  communicating  science  to  nonsci- 
entific  audiences. 


DL'KE  MAGAZINE 


New  Secretary  and 

VP  Riddel! 

Richard  Riddell,  special  assistant  to 
President  Richard  H.  Brodhead,  has 
been  named  vice  president  and  univer- 
sity secretary.  As  special  assistant, 
Riddell  functions  as  the  president's  chief  of  staff.  In 
his  added  role  as  vice  president  and  university  sec- 
retary, he  will  coordinate  the  activities  of  the 
board  of  trustees,  oversee  university  ceremonies 
such  as  commencement,  and  manage  hiring  and 
review  processes  for  senior  university  officials. 

Riddell,  who  has  a  background  in  theater  and 
lighting,  joined  the  theater-studies  faculty  at  Duke 
in  1992.  He  chaired  the  department  before  taking 
a  post  as  special  assistant  to  Provost  Peter  Lange 
from  2003  to  2004.  In  2004,  Riddell  was  named 
special  assistant  to  the  president,  though  he  also 
retains  the  title  of  Mary  D.B.T.  and  James  H.  Semans 
Professor  of  the  practice  of  theater  studies. 

In  his  professional  life,  he  has  received  the  Tony, 
Drama  Desk,  and  Maharam  (now  Hewes  Design) 
awards  for  excellence  in  lighting  design  and  has 
worked  on  productions  on  Broadway  and  at  resi- 
dent theater  and  opera  companies  in  the  U.S.  and 
Great  Britain. 


tion  and  wrote  the  organization's  first  con- 
stitution. He  also  served  as  a  Leadership  Fel- 
low who  advised  teams  of  first-year  M.B.A. 
students,  and  as  an  Academic  Fellow  for  Fu- 
qua's  core  strategy  class.  Between  college 
and  graduate  school,  Kennedy  worked  for  the 
Corporate  Executive  Board,  a  Washington- 
based  firm  that  provides  business  research 
and  executive  education. 

Kiss  became  the  eighth  president  of  Agnes 
Scott  College,  a  liberal-arts  college  for  wom- 
en outside  Atlanta,  in  2006.  Before  that, 
she  was  founding  director  of  Duke's  Kenan 
Institute  for  Ethics  and  an  associate  profes- 
sor of  the  practice  of  political  science  and 
philosophy.  While  at  Duke,  Kiss  played  a 
leading  role  in  integrating  ethics  into  the 
undergraduate  curriculum.  She  led  efforts 
that  resulted  in  a  new  honor  code  and  the 
implementation  of  a  research  ethics  re- 
quirement for  all  Ph.D.  students. 

Kondracke  is  the  president  and  chief  ex- 
ecutive officer  of  America's  Promise  Alli- 
ance, a  collaborative  effort  by  groups  dedi- 
cated to  the  well-being  of  children  and 
youth.  Before  that,  she  served  as  special  as- 
sistant to  U.S.  Sen.  Lamar  Alexander  (R- 
Tennessee)  and  staff  director  for  the  Senate 
Subcommittee  on  Children  and  Families. 
Kondracke  co-founded  Corporate  Family 
Solutions  to  provide  better  child  care  for 
parents  through  employer  sponsorship.  The 
company,  now  called  Bright  Horizons  Fam- 
ily Solutions,  is  the  nation's  largest  provider 
of  workplace  care.  She  currently  serves  on 
several  boards,  including  the  board  of  visi- 
tors of  the  Terry  Sanford  Institute  of  Public 
Policy. 

Marsicano  is  president  and  chief  execu- 
tive officer  of  Foundation  For  The  Carolinas, 
a  nonprofit  that  provides  financial  support 
and  leadership  in  addressing  community 
needs  in  thirteen  counties  in  North  and 
South  Carolina.  The  foundation  distributes 
$70  million  in  grants  to  various  charities 
each  year.  Under  Marsicano's  leadership, 
the  foundation  has  raised  more  than  $500 
million  in  philanthropic  capital.  He  is  a 
past  chairman  of  the  board  of  trustees  of  the 
North  Carolina  School  of  the  Arts  in  Win- 
ston-Salem and  currently  serves  on  the  ad- 
visory board  of  the  Nasher  Museum  of  Art. 


Pelham  is  the  publisher  of  Legal  Times,  an 
award-winning  print  and  online  newspaper 
focused  on  law  and  lobbying  in  Washington. 
She  joined  the  publication  as  a  reporter  in 
1988.  She  also  has  reported  for  Congres- 
sional Quarterly  and  Raleigh's  News  &  Ob- 
server. Pelham  got  her  start  in  journalism 
while  at  Duke,  where  she  was  editor  of  The 
Chronicle.  Pelham  is  president-elect  of  the 
Duke  Alumni  Association  (DAA),  chairs 
the  DAA  board's  international  committee, 
and  has  served  on  the  board's  executive 
committee  since  2004-  She  is  also  vice  pres- 
ident of  the  Duke  Club  of  Washington  and 
a  former  member  of  the  Editorial  Advisory 
Board  of  Duke  Magazine. 


Brodhead  on  the  Israel  Boycott 

In  late  May,  Great  Britain's  University 
and  College  Union,  a  professional  asso- 
ciation for  academics,  sparked  contro- 
versy by  voting  to  move  forward  with  a 
proposed  boycott  of  Israeli  academic  insti- 
tutions. Palestinian  trade  unions  had  called 
for  the  boycott  to  protest  Israel's  "40-year 
occupation"  of  Palestinian  land. 

In  response,  President  Richard  H.  Brod- 
head issued  a  statement  condemning  the 
proposed  boycott,  which  the  British  union 
has  not  yet  officially  ratified.  "It  is  a  founda- 
tional principle  of  American  life  that  all 
ideas  should  have  an  equal  opportunity  to 
be  expressed,"  he  said  in  the  statement.  Free 
speech  allows  people  who  disagree  to  learn 
from  one  another,  he  added. 

Duke  has  a  "proud  tradition  of  upholding 
the  free  exchange  of  ideas,  including  discus- 
sions that  involve  the  bitter,  unresolved 
conflicts  in  the  Middle  East."  In  October 
2004,  the  university  was  criticized  by  some 
for  hosting  the  National  Student  Con- 
ference of  the  Palestinian  Solidarity  Move- 
ment after  organizers  failed  to  sign  a  state- 
ment denouncing  terrorism.  Following  the 
conference,  administrators  and  faculty  mem- 
bers alike  said  panel  discussions  and  im- 
promptu exchanges  outside  the  conference 
venues  were  both  passionate  and  respectful. 
In  his  statement  on  the  proposed  boycott, 
Brodhead  stressed  the  importance  of  that 


September -October  2007 


15 


Gazette 


ACROSS  THE  CAMPUS 


STUDENT  SNAPSHOT 


Ikee  Gardner,  cultivating 
a  literary  interest 

kee  Gardner  graduated  ninth  in 
her  class  of  four-hundred-fifty 
students  at  Whitney  M.Young 
High  School,  a  rigorous  Chicago 
magnet  school.The  only  child  of  an 
electrician  father  and  a  lawyer  mother, 
Gardner  applied  to  a  dozen  universities, 
including  Harvard,  Yale,  Stanford,  Notre 
Dame,  and  the  University  of  Chicago, 
in  addition  to  Duke.  All  twelve 
admitted  her;  she  accepted  Duke's 
offer.  Not  bad  for  a  fifteen-year-old. 

"When  I  arrived  on  campus,  I 
debated  whether  or  not  I  would  tell 
people  how  old  I  was," says  Gardner. 
"I  didn't  want  them  to  tease  me." 
Intellectually  precocious  from  a 
young  age,  Gardner  was  privately 
tutored  (a  phrase  she  prefers  to  home 
schooled)  by  her  parents  until  middle 
school.  She  augmented  her  course- 
work  with  an  endless  supply  of  books. 
"I  can't  remember  a  time  when  I  was 
not  reading,  writing,  or  hearing  sto- 
ries," says  Gardner,  recalling  such 
favorites  as  The  Chronicles  ofUamia 
series  and  Nancy  Farmer's  A  Girl 
Named  Disaster. 

Gardner's  transition  to  a  competi- 
tive college-prep  high  school  was 
fairly  seamless.  She  quickly  became 
involved  with  a  range  of  extracurric- 
ular activities,  including  the  math 
and  debate  teams,  and  was  captain 


of  the  Academic  Decathlon  Team. 
For  three  years  she  tutored  her  fellow 
students  in  math,  science,  and  Eng- 
lish, and  was  an  English  tutor  through 
the  Chicago  Urban  League  for  a  year. 
Literature  continued  to  capture  her 
imagination;  she  completed  a  first 
draft  of  a  300-page  novel,  called  The 
Tale  of  the  Mage,  a  rethinking  of 
Arthurian  legends. 

Gardner  was  tapped  by  Duke  as 
one  of  seven  University  Scholars  for 
the  Class  of  2008,  a  designation  that 
recognizes  students  who  have  dis- 
played excitement  for  original  re- 
search, collaborative  thinking,  and 
innovative  scholarship.  She's  wasted 
no  time  living  up  to  the  promise. 
A  double-major  in  economics  and 
English,  she  has  written  for  The 
Chronicle,  helped  edit  the  student- 
run  Duke  Journal  of  Public  Affairs,  and 


researched  hedge-fund  investment 
decisions  as  a  student  research  assis- 
tant at  the  Fuqua  School  of  Business. 
She  is  also  a  member  of  the  Cam- 
bridge Christian  Fellowship. 

Gardner  has  also  branched  out 
into  spoken-word  poetry,  performing 
at  numerous  open  mike  and  arts 
events  on  campus.  This  spring,  she 
was  named  the  Paul  Robeson 
Scholar/Artist,  one  of  several  awards 
that  comprise  the  university's  annual 
Julian  Abele  Awards  to  honor  signifi- 
cant achievements  by  members  and 
supporters  of  the  black  community 
at  Duke.  Gardner's  recognition  was 
based  in  part  on  her  trilogy  of  poems 
that  was  included  in  the"lmages  of 
Our  Heritage"  exhibit  at  the  Mary  Lou 
Williams  Cultural  Center  in  February. 

"I  still  get  flutters  when  I  perform 
my  work  live," says  Gardner.  "But  the 


hard  part  is  not  so  much  reciting 
[poetry],  it's  writing  a  poem  with  the 
idea  of  how  it  will  sound  out  loud.  If 
I'm  writing  a  poem  to  be  read,  I'm 
paying  attention  to  the  stanzas,  but 
if  I'm  writing  a  poem  that  will  be  lis- 
tened to,  I'm  paying  attention  to 
rhythm  in  a  different  way." 

Gardner  spent  the  summer  in 
New  York,  taking  courses  through  a 
Duke  arts  program  and  interning  at 
Random  House.  This  fall,  she's 
enrolled  in  three  English  courses,  an 
African  and  African-American  history 
class,  and  an  economics  class  in  cor- 
porate finance.  After  graduation,  she 
says,  her  future  is  wide  open. 

"Long-term,  I'd  like  to  be  a  writer," 
she  says  of  her  career  trajectory. 
"But  for  now,  I'm  comfortable  not 
knowing." 

— Bridget  Booher 


kind  of  dialogue.  "The  idea  of  forbidding 
partnerships  and  exchanges  with  Israeli  uni- 
versities and  scholars  contradicts  the  high 
value  we  place  in  the  pursuit  of  knowledge 
on  our  own  campus  and  in  the  importance 
of  robust  intellectual  integrity  more  broad- 
ly," he  said.  "I  oppose  efforts  to  suppress  the 
free  exchange  of  ideas  at  Duke  and  in  uni- 
versity communities  around  the  world." 

news.duke.edu/2007/07/rhb_boycott.html 


Pratt  Dean  Bound  for 

Johns  Hopkins 

Another  Duke  school  is  facing  a  change 
in  senior  leadership.  Kristina  M.  John- 
son, dean  of  the  Pratt  School  of  En- 
gineering since  1999,  has  taken  a  post 
as  provost  and  senior  vice  president  of  aca- 
demic affairs  at  the  Johns  Hopkins  University. 
Johnson  came  to  Duke  from  the  Univer- 


sity of  Colorado.  Under  her  leadership,  Pratt 
has  increased  the  quality  and  size  of  its  fac- 
ulty and  student  body.  Of  fifty  new  faculty 
members  recruited  during  her  tenure,  four- 
teen have  won  early  career  "young  investiga- 
tor" awards.  The  undergraduate  student  body 
has  grown  20  percent,  and  some  graduate 
programs  have  doubled  in  size.  She  oversaw 
the  planning,  funding,  and  construction  of 
the  322,000-square-foot  Fitzpatrick  Center 
for  Interdisciplinary  Engineering,  Medicine 


16         DUKE  MAGAZINE 


and  Applied  Sciences.  In  addition,  the 
school's  research  expenditures  have  tripled  to 
$60  million,  and  the  endowment  has  grown 
from  $20  million  to  $200  million. 

Robert  L.  Clark,  chair  of  the  department 
of  mechanical  engineering  and  materials 
science  and  Thomas  Lord  Professor  of 
mechanical  engineering,  has  been  appoint- 
ed interim  dean  pending  the  outcome  of  a 
national  search  for  Johnson's  successor.  A 
specialist  in  acoustics  and  bionanomanufac- 
turing  with  a  Ph.D.  from  Virginia  Tech,  Clark 
is  founding  director  of  Duke's  Center  for 
Biologically  Inspired  Materials  and  Material 
Systems  and  was  named  senior  associate 
dean  of  Pratt  in  2001. 

In  that  position,  he  has  established  a  more 
robust  research  grant  preparation  and  man- 
agement office  and  cross-disciplinary  initia- 


In  the  gamut  of  human  experi- 
ences, love  surely  is  one  of  the 
most  desirable — and  most 
complicated.  After  all,  myriad 
novels,  poems,  and  pop  songs  have 
been  written  about  wanting  it, 
keeping  it,  losing  it,  and  just  plain 


XTIANETH  350:  The  Love  Commandment 


thing  to  put  these  ideas  on  the 
groundandto  consider  how  we  might 
practice  them." 


Allen  Verhey  earned  a  B.A.  from 
Calvin  College,  a  B.D.  from  Calvin 
Theological  Seminary,  and  a  Ph.D. 
from  Yale  University.  He  has  taught 
at  Ouke  for  three  years.  Previously, 
he  was  the  Blekkink  Professor  of 
religion  at  Hope  College.  He  also 
served  as  director  of  the  Institute 
of  Religion  at  Texas  Medical  Center. 


the  worthiness  of  his  own  creation 
when  he  continues  to  love  them," 
Verhey  says. 

With  the  discussion  of  Nygren, 
Verhey  brings  in  the  feminist  voices 
of  writers  Barbara  Hilkert  Andolsen 
and  Ada  Maria  Isasi-Diaz,  who  ex- 
plore the  ways  in  which  the  idealiza- 
tion of  self-sacrificial  love  has  created 
unrealistic  expectations  for  women's 
private  lives  (such  as  a  mother  end- 
ing her  career  to  rear  children). 

Beyond  questions  of  self-sacrifice, 
the  course  deals  with  two  c 


Duke 

ALUMNI    ASSOCIATION 


EDUCATION  &  TRAVEL 


FIRST 

CLASS 
STAM  P 
HERE 


Box  90572 

Durham,  NC  27708-0572 


Gazette 


ACROSS  THE  CAMPUS 


STUDENT  SNAPSHOT 


Ikee  Gardner,  cultivating 
a  literary  interest 

kee  Gardner  graduated  ninth  in 
her  class  of  four-hundred-fifty 
students  at  Whitney  M.  Young 
High  School,  a  rigorous  Chicago 
magnet  school.  The  only  child  of  an 
electrician  father  and  a  lawyer  mother, 
Gardner  applied  to  a  dozen  universities, 
including  Harvard,  Yale,  Stanford,  Notre 
Dame,  and  the  University  of  Chicago, 
in  addition  to  Duke.  All  twelve 
admitted  her;  she  accepted  Duke's 
offer.  Not  bad  for  a  fifteen-year-old. 
"When  I  arrived  on  campus,  I 


of  the  Academic  Decathlon  Team.         researched  hedge-fund  investment      hard  part  is  not  so  much  reciting 


EDUCATIONAL  ADVENTURES  2008 


Please  send  information  on  the  following  programs: 


Duke 


Box  90572 

Durham,  NC  27708-0572 


Phone  (919)  684-5114 
Fax      (919)  684-6022 


Educational  Programs 

J  1  DukeReads 

J  2  Gateway  to  Educational  Programs 

Across  Duke's  Campus 
J  3  Marine  Exploration  Program 

January  17-23 

□  4  Alumni  Lecture  Series  February 
J  5  Nasher  Museum  Tour:  Dallas 

March  27-31 
J  6  Reunions:  Duke  Arts  and  Academics 

April  11-13 
J  7  Divinity  School  Pilgrimages 

MayorJuly25-August6 

□  8  29th  Duke  University  Writers  Workshop 

May  4-8 

□  9  Duke  Marine  Lab  Weekend  I  May  9-11 
J  10  OTS:  Costa  Rica  Eco-Adventures 

June  7-17,  Sept  1-11,  Dec  8-17 
J  11  Duke  Youth  Programs:  Sessions  I,  II,  or  III 

□  12  Duke  Marine  Lab  Weekend  II  Fall 

□  13  Nasher  Museum  Tour:  Los  Angeles  Fall 
J  14  Homecoming:  Duke  Arts  &  Academics 

Fall 


Travel/Study  Programs 

J  15  Cruise  the  Panama  Canal 

January  20-31 
_i  16  Tahiti  &  French  Polynesia 

February  10-18 
J  17  Alpine  Winter  Adventure 

February  16-23 
_l  18  Amazon  Voyage 

February  22-March  2 

□  19  Moroccan  Discovery 

March  3-16 

□  20  Journey  Through  Vietnam 

March  19-April  3 
-J  21  Southern  African  Odyssey 

March  21-April  8 
J  22  Historic  Cities  of  the  Sea 

April  30-May  11 

□  23  Island  Life:  Malta  &  Sicily 

May  7-15 
J  24  Cultural  Treasures  of  Japan 
May  17-31 

□  25  Spain:  Footsteps  of  El  Greco 

May  19-30 

□  26  China:  Medicine  &  Gardens 

May  25-June  6 


J  28 

□  29 

J  30 

□  31 

□  32 

□  33 

□  34 

□  35 

□  36 

□  37 

□  38 


□  40 

□  41 


□  42 

□  43 


J44 
□  45 


Alumni  College:  Greece 

May  29-June  6 

Danube  River  May  31-June  1C 

Alumni  College:  Italy 

June  11-19 

The  Louvre  in  Quebec 

June  20-24 

Land  of  the  Ice  Bears 

June  25-July  5 

Alumni  College:  Scotland 

July  6-15 

Russian  Treasures 

July  10-21 

The  Classical  World 

July  19-29 

Wyoming  Dude  Ranch 

August  3-9 

Cruise  the  Baltic  Sea 

August  4-11 

The  Oxford  Experience 

September  7-20 

Alumni  College:  France 

September  23-October  4 

Pacific  Northwest 

September  29-October  5 

China  Connoisseur  &  Tibet 

October  6-22 

Steelhead  Fishing  in  Idaho 

October  18-24 

Egypt  November  7-16 

From  Gibraltar  to  Patagonia 

November  20-December  22 

Belize  &  Guatemala  Explorer 

December  6-13 

Ecuador  &  Galapagos 

December  20-29 


and  Applied  Sciences.  In  addition,  the 
school's  research  expenditures  have  tripled  to 
$60  million,  and  the  endowment  has  grown 
from  $20  million  to  $200  million. 

Robert  L.  Clark,  chair  of  the  department 
of  mechanical  engineering  and  materials 
science  and  Thomas  Lord  Professor  of 
mechanical  engineering,  has  been  appoint- 
ed interim  dean  pending  the  outcome  of  a 
national  search  for  Johnson's  successor.  A 
specialist  in  acoustics  and  bionanomanufac- 
turing  with  a  Ph.D.  from  Virginia  Tech,  Clark 
is  founding  director  of  Duke's  Center  for 
Biologically  Inspired  Materials  and  Material 
Systems  and  was  named  senior  associate 
dean  of  Pratt  in  2001. 

In  that  position,  he  has  established  a  more 
robust  research  grant  preparation  and  man- 
agement office  and  cross-disciplinary  initia- 
tives in  photonics,  bioengineering  and  bio- 
logically inspired  materials,  and  energy  and 
the  environment. 


Presidential  Review 

Former  speaker  of  the  North  Carolina 
House  of  Representatives  and  trustee 
Daniel  T.  Blue  Jr.  is  leading  a  commit- 
tee to  assess  Richard  H.  Brodhead's 
first  three  years  as  president  of  Duke  Uni- 
versity. A  similar  review  was  carried  out  for 
Brodhead's  predecessor,  Nannerl  O.  Keo- 
hane,  after  her  first  three  years  in  office,  and 
also  in  2000,  as  part  of  a  process  established 
in  1982  to  evaluate  presidents,  officers,  and 
deans  at  regular  intervals. 

Blue  J.D.  73  is  joined  by  trustees  Paula  P. 
Burger  '67,  A.M.  74,  dean  for  undergraduate 
education  and  vice  provost  of  the  Johns  Hop- 
kins University;  Alan  D.  Schwartz  72,  pres- 
ident of  Bear  Steams  Companies  Inc.;  and 
Anthony  Vitarelli  '05,  a  student  at  Yale  Law 
School — and  faculty  members  from  the  law 
school,  medical  center,  and  Trinity  College. 
The  committee  will  report  to  the  board 
of  trustees  by  the  end  of  the  calendar  year. 
Comments  should  be  sent  by  November  1 
to  danblue@duke.edu  or  pres-review@duke. 
edu,  or  to:  Presidential  Review  Committee; 
Duke  University;  Daniel  T  Blue  Jr.,  Chair; 
P.O.  Box  91627;  Raleigh,  N.C.  27675. 


m     ^1 

XT1ANETH  350:  The  Love  Commandment 

^^r 

the  worthiness  of  his  own  creation 

thing  to  put  these  ideas  on  the 

when  he  continues  to  love  them," 

groundandto  consider  how  we  might 

Verhey  says. 

practice  them." 

With  the  discussion  of  Nygren, 

Verhey  brings  in  the  feminist  voices 

of  writers  Barbara  Hilkert  Andolsen 

Allen  Verhey  earned  a  B.A.  from 

and  Ada  Maria  Isasi-Diaz,  who  ex- 

Calvin College,  a  B.D.  from  Calvin 

■  n  the  gamut  of  human  experi- 

plore  the  ways  in  which  the  idealiza- 

Theological Seminary,  and  a  Ph.D. 

1  ences,  love  surely  is  one  of  the 

tion  of  self-sacrificial  love  has  created 

from  Yale  University.  He  has  taught 

■  most  desirable — and  most 

unrealistic  expectations  for  women's 

at  Duke forthree  years.  Previously, 

1  complicated.  After  all,  myriad 

private  lives  (such  as  a  mother  end- 

he was  the  Blekkink  Professor  of 

novels,  poems,  and  pop  songs  have 

ing  her  career  to  rear  children). 

religion  at  Hope  College.  He  also 

been  written  about  wanting  it, 

Beyond  questions  of  self-sacrifice, 

served  as  director  of  the  Institute 

keeping  it,  losing  it,  and  just  plain 

the  course  deals  with  two  command- 

of Religion  at  Texas  Medical  Center. 

hating  it. 

ments:  "Love  the  Lord  your  God  with 

His  recent  publications  include 

In  the  class  "The  Love  Command- 

all your  heart  and  with  all  your  soul 

Reading  the  Bible  in  the  Strange 

ment,"  offered  in  the  Duke  Divinity 

and  with  all  your  mind"  (Matthew 

World  of  Medicine,  and  Remembering 

School,  the  Bible  is  one  of  the  most 

22: 37)  and  "love  your  neighbor  as 

Jesus:  Christian  Community,  Scripture, 

fertile  sources  for  thought  and 

yourself"  (Matthew  22: 39). 

and  the  Moral  Life. 

debate  about  the  nature  of  love.  Not 

The  course  material  encourages 

surprisingly,  this  text  does  not  pres- 

students to  think  through  the  complex 

ent  the  same  notions  of  love  offered 

implications  of  these  commandments: 

Introduction  to  Christian  Ethics 

by  popular  culture. 
And  even  within  the  context  of 

how  the  love  of  God  and  neighbor 
are  connected,  what  it  means  to  love 

Introduction  to  Christian  Theology 

the  Bible,  the  way  one  understands 

one's  neighbor,  who  qualifies  as  one's 

love  depends  on  which  stories  one 
reads,  says  instructor  Allen  Verhey, 
professor  of  Christian  ethics.  "What  1 
want  students  to  see  is  that  the  nar- 
rative you  use  to  define  love  will 

neighbor,  and  whether  the  phrase 
"as  yourself "  connotes  an  imperative 
to  love  oneself. 

Ethics  play  a  role  as  well.  Readings 
examine  the  relationship  of  love  to 

In  addition  to  works  by  philosophers, 
ethicists,  and  theologians  such  as  St. 
Augustine,  Karl  Barth,  Soren  Kierke- 
gaard, and  Reinhold  Niebuhr,  students 
read  a  range  of  texts  that  include  a 
speech  on  love  and  compassion  by 
Mother  Teresa,  excerpts  from  Martin 
Luther  King  Jr.'s  Strength  to  Love,  and 
reflections  on  the  situation-ethics 
debate  by  Verhey's  colleague  Stanley 
Hauerwas,  Gilbert!  Rowe  Professor 
of  theological  ethics. 

shape  the  way  you  understand  love," 

politics  and  the  law,  as  well  as  choic- 

he says.  In  the  Christian  tradition, 
"the  narrative  behind  love  is  the  self- 
giving  love  of  the  cross." 

Verhey's  students,  for  example, 
consider  the  perspective  of  Anders 
Nygren,  a  Swedish  theologian  who 

es  involving  abortion,  physician- 
assisted  suicide,  and  lying. 

Anna  Kate  Ellerman  Th.M.  '06  says 
she  took  the  course  because  it  served 
her  research  interests  in  both 
Christian  ethics  and  pastoral  care. 

calls  for  self-sacrificial  love.  Nygren 

And,  she  wanted  to  study  with 

discounts  the  worthiness  of  love's 

Verhey,  whom  she  describes  as"the 

object,  since  God  loves  people 

epitome  of  a  pastor  and  a  scholar." 

Working  papers,  which  summarize 

because  of  his  nature,  not  because 

"It's  one  thing  to  talk  and  think 

readings  and  raise  questions 

they  merit  it.  Verhey  hopes  to  chal- 

about how  we  as  Christians  ought  to 

lenge  these  views. 

love  God  and  neighbor," says  Eller- 

Responses to  working  papers 

"No  human  being  can  lay  claim  on 

man,  who  is  pursuing  a  Ph.D.  at 

Research  paper 

God's  love,  but  in  a  way  he  recognizes 

Princeton  University.  "It's  another 

— Kelly  Schmader 

September -October  2007  17 


Gazette 


STATE   OF  THE   ARTS 


Stay  tuned:  instrument  maker 
Talton  with  a  restored  bass  v 


International  Instrumentation 


M 


amadou  Diabate  was  born  into  a 
distinguished  family  of  griots — 
musician-storytellers — in  Kita,  a 
Malian  city  that  is  a  center  for 
the  arts  and  culture  of  the  Manding  people 
of  West  Africa.  At  an  early  age,  he  learned 


to  play  the  kora,  a  traditional  stringed  in- 
strument made  from  a  gourd,  from  his  father 
and  his  cousin,  and  began  to  assume  the 
role  of  a  griot.  Following  a  tradition  that's 
been  passed  along  for  centuries,  he  is  now 
teaching  his  own  nine-year-old  son. 

Diabate,  who  lives  in  Durham,  is  one  of 
several  musicians  who  will  take  part  in  a 

BIBLIO  FILE 


Selections  from  the  Rare  Book,  Manuscript,  and  Special  Collections  Library 


-  ohnBoydell  (1719-1804)  was 
one  of  London's  most  impor- 
tant print  publishers  and  print 
ISr  sellers.  In  1786,  in  coopera- 
tion with  his  nephew  Josiah,  he  con- 
ceived a  plan  to  commission  cele- 
brated British  artists  to  produce 
paintings  illustrating  the  works  of 
William  Shakespeare. 

From  these  paintings  he  created 
and  sold  engravings  and,  in  1802, 
published  The  Dramatic  Works  of 
Shakespeare,  illustrated  with  repro- 
ductions of  the  paintings.  A  copy  of 
the  1 802  edition  is  a  recent  gift  from 
Richard  and  Nancy  Riess  to  the  Rare 
Book,  Manuscript,  and  Special 
Collections  Library. 

From  the  beginning,  the  Boydells' 
project  was  more  than  just  a  publish- 
ing venture.  They  also  planned  to 
exhibit  the  paintings  in  a  newly  built 
Shakespeare  Gallery  in  Pall  Mall  and 
intended  eventually  to  donate  the 
entire  collection  to  the  British  nation. 

The  gallery  opened  in  1789  with 


thirty-four  paintings  and  grew 
rapidly.  By  1791,  it  housed  sixty-five, 
and  by  1802,  there  were  162.  As  early 
as  1 791 ,  the  Boydells  began  to  issue 
engravings  from  the  paintings, 
selling  them  in  England  and  abroad. 
However,  when  the  French  Revo- 
lution began,  the  continental  mar- 
ket for  books  and  prints  collapsed, 
and  the  Boydells  found  themselves 
overextended  and  forced  into 
bankruptcy. 


The  gallery  itself  was  ultimately 
unsuccessful,  and  the  entire  collection 
of  paintings  was  sold  in  1804.  None- 
theless, the  prints  and  images  pro- 
duced from  the  paintings  captured 
the  popular  imagination.  Many  have 
been  adapted  to  illustrate  later  edi- 
tions of  Shakespeare's  works  and  have 
inspired  numerous  stage  productions. 
The  1 802  edition  of  the  work  now  in 
the  library  is  one  of  the  lasting  re- 
sults of  the  Boydells'  grand  endeavor. 

Iibrary.duke.edu/ 
specialcollections/ 


Shakespeare,  William.  The 
Dramatic  Works  of  Shakespeare. 
London:  Printed  by  W.  Bulmer 
and  Co.,  Shakespeare  Printing- 
office.  Nine  volumes.  Detail  of 
Romeo,  Juliet  &  Nurse,  painted 
by  John  Francis  Rigaud,  engraved 
by  James  Snow,  above 


fall-semester  lecture  series  on  musical  in- 
struments organized  by  Brenda  Neece,  cura- 
tor of  the  Duke  Musical  Instrument  Col- 
lection. The  programs  will  be  held  once  a 
month,  on  Fridays  at  4:00  p.m.  in  Perkins 
Library's  Rare  Book  Room,  and  will  each 
comprise  a  performance,  lecture,  and  in- 
depth  question-and-answer  session. 

Appropriately,  Diabate,  who  is  perform- 
ing November  9,  will  be  joined  by  his  son. 

Other  fall  lecturers  include  Ioana  Sher- 
man, a  scholar  who  will  demonstrate  and 
explain  the  significance  of  the  fluier  and 
caval,  two  types  of  flutes  common  in  south- 
ern Romania;  Bob  Talton,  an  instrument 
maker  from  North  Carolina  who  will  dis- 
cuss his  crafting  of  violins,  violas,  cellos, 
guitars,  dulcimers,  and  banjos  and  show  in- 
struments in  various  stages  of  completion; 
and  William  Michal  Jr.,  a  banjo  expert  and 
collector  who  will  talk  about  the  origins 
and  history  of  the  banjo  in  the  U.S.,  differ- 
ent playing  styles,  and  the  hobby  of  collect- 
ing instruments. 

www.dumic.org 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


1 

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Opera  "Live"  at  Duke 

For  the  past  three  years,  the  Washing- 
ton National  Opera  (WNO)  has, 
like  many  other  opera  companies 
around  the  country,  been  experiment- 
ing with  technology  that  allows  it  to  broad- 
cast its  performances  on  a  live  video  feed  to 
select  groups  in  remote  locations.  In  2005 
and  2006,  WNO  "simulcast"  Porgy  and  Bess 
and  Madame  Butterfly,  respectively,  to  audi- 
ences on  the  National  Mall  in  Washington. 
Porgy  and  Bess  reportedly  played  to  a  satel- 
lite crowd  of  13,000. 

This  fall,  WNO  is  further  expanding  its 
viewing  options,  and  Duke  is  among  more 
than  thirty  universities,  colleges,  and  high 
schools  nationwide  that  will  present  a 
simulcast  of  WNO's  performance  of  Puc- 
cini's La  Boheme  on  Sunday,  September  23. 
(The  performance  will  also  be  simulcast  in 
two  theaters  in  the  Washington  metropoli- 
tan area.)  The  Duke  viewing  will  take  place 
at  2:00  p.m.  in  the  Bryan  Center's  Reynolds 
Industries  Theater  and  is  free  to  the  public. 
This  edition  of  the  show,  directed  by 
Mariusz  Trelinski,  is  a  modern-day  take  on 
the  classic  opera,  and  WNO  officials  hope 
it  will  appeal  to  a  younger  audience.  The 
opera  follows  a  group  of  young  artists  as 
they  struggle  with  their  careers  and  rela- 
tionships, searching  for  meaning  in  life  and 
a  greater  connection  with  society. 


"This  is  a  very  good  introductory  opera 
for  people,"  says  Shayne  Doty  '83,  WNO's 
director  of  development,  adding  that  an 
increase  in  this  type  of  programming  may 
help  inspire  Duke  undergraduates  to  take 
leadership  roles  in  the  arts  after  graduation. 
"We're  anxious  to  reach  out  beyond  tradi- 
tional opera  lovers  and  traditional  arts- 
goers.  People  have  a  misconception  about 
opera  audiences — that  they're  old,  that 
they're  maybe  only  people  who  appear 
wearing  fur  and  black  tie,  and  it's  not  the 
case  so  much." 

Susan  Dunn,  director  of  the  Duke  Opera 
Workshop,  says  that  simulcasts  of  New 
York's  Metropolitan  Opera  in  Raleigh  have 
drawn  large  crowds,  and  she  expects  that  a 
classic  show  like  La  Boheme  may  have  a  sim- 
ilar impact  at  Duke.  "For  students  and  peo- 
ple in  the  community  who  don't  have  a  lot 
of  chances  to  see  live  opera,  this  is  a  great 
opportunity." 

www.dc-opera.org 

Revolutionary  Art 

Communism  fell  in  Romania  in  1989, 
and  president  Nicolae  Ceausescu  fled 
amid  rioting  in  the  capital  city  of 
Bucharest  and  around  the  country. 
Two  years  later,  when  Kristine  Stiles,  an 
art-history  professor  at  Duke,  visited  the  coun- 


Popular  culture:  Thousands  turned  out 
on  the  mall  in  Washington  to  watch  opera  broad- 
casts, coming  to  Duke  this  fall 

try,  it  was  still  in  turmoil.  She  was  drawn  by 
the  famous  painted  monasteries  of  Buco- 
vina, in  northeast  Romania.  But  while  she 
was  there,  someone  taped  a  small,  plastic 
explosive  device  to  her  car,  and  detonated 
it,  blowing  up  a  large  section  of  the  back  of 
.  the  car. 

"I  got  out  of  there  quickly,"  she  remem- 
bers, making  her  way  to  Hungary.  Many 
,  people  would  have  turned  their  backs  on 
the  country  under  similar  circumstances, 
but  Stiles,  a  scholar  of  destruction,  violence, 
and  trauma  in  art,  was  intrigued. 

Over  the  next  several  years,  she  visited 
Romania  many  times,  seeking  artists  creat- 
ing new  and  interesting  works.  On  her  sec- 
ond trip,  in  1992,  she  was  introduced  to 
Dan  and  Lia  Perjovschi.  Dan  was  known  for 
his  drawings — many  of  them  political-car- 
toon-like critiques  of  government  and  soci- 
ety— and  Lia  for  performance  art  dealing 
with  identity  and  social  issues.  Dan  was 
active  in  the  Group  for  Social  Dialogue, 
which  aimed  to  spread  democratic  thinking 
throughout  the  country. 

Stiles  was  hooked.  In  1993  in  a  French  jour- 
nal, she  published  an  article  called  "Shaved 
Heads  and  Marked  Bodies:  Representations 
from  Cultures  of  Trauma"  that  focused  in 
part  on  the  Perjovschis  and  Romanian  avant- 
garde  art.  Over  the  years,  her  respect  for 
them  grew,  along  with  a  friendship. 

This  fall,  the  Nasher  Museum  of  Art  is 
presenting  "States  of  Mind:  Dan  and  Lia 
Perjovschi,"  a  midcareer  retrospective  of 
the  couple's  work  curated  by  Stiles. 

The  exhibition,  which  runs  through  Jan- 
uary 6,  2008,  includes  large  drawing  installa- 
tions, paintings,  objects,  and  photographs 
and  videos  of  the  couple's  performance  art. 
Much  of  Dan  Perjovschi's  early  work  was  pub- 
lished in  the  form  of  illustrations  in  Revista 
22,  a  post-revolution  intellectual  magazine 
sharing  ideas  on  democracy.  The  drawings 
are  often  biting  social  critiques,  Stiles  says. 
One  depicts  a  man  at  an  ATM  machine.  He 
faces  the  surveillance  camera,  and  asks,  "Do 
you  remember  my  PIN?"  Another  depicts 


September -October  2007 


19 


STATE   OF   THE   ARTS 


GALLERY 


Selections  from  the 
Nasher  Museum  of  Art 

Kara  Walker's  work  addresses 
the  persistent  legacy  of 
slavery  in  American  cul- 
ture, with  its  racial  and 
gender  stereotypes  and  myths.  For 
this  portfolio,  Walker  produced 
enlargements  of  prints  from  Harper's 
Pictorial  History  of  the  Civil  War,  first 
published  in  1866.  Harper's  Pictorial 
History  has  long  been  an  inspiration 
for  Walker,  both  for  what  it  depicted 
about  the  war  and  for  what  it  left  out. 
She  overlaid  Civil  War  battle  scenes 
from  the  book  with  her  own  cutouts 
of  African-American  figures.  The  solid 
black  silhouettes  interrupt  and  haunt 
the  scenes  as  ghostly,  larger-than- 
life  reminders  of  the  violence  and 


oppression  endured  by  slaves. 

Since  the  1990s,  Walker  has  used 
the  technique  of  cut-paper  silhou- 
ettes placed  on  white  backgrounds. 
Historically,  this  type  of  silhouette 
was  used  to  decorate  eighteenth- 
and  nineteenth-century  middle- 
class  homes.  Walker  appropriates  the 
technique  to  stage  scenes  illustrating 
racial  suppression  while  interweav- 


ing Civil  War  iconography  and  racist 
stereotypes.  She  highlights  the 
similarities  between  the  silhouette 
and  the  nature  of  African-American 
stereotypes,  in  which  complex  details 
of  individuals  are  reduced  or  general- 
ized into  easily  recognizable  outlines. 
Born  in  California,  Walker  moved 
to  Atlanta  at  age  twelve  when  her 
father  took  a  job  as  a  professor  at 


Harper's  Pictorial  History 
of  the  Civil  War  (annotat- 
ed), 2005,  by  Kara  Walker. 
Offset  lithography  and 
silkscreen,  portfolio  of 
15  prints,  ed.  35/35,  each 
39x53  inches.  Purchased 
with  funds  provided  by 
Monica  M.  and  Richard  D. 
Segal,  the  Neely  Family, 
and  Barbra  and  Andrew 
Rothschild. 

Georgia  State  University.  She  studied 
at  the  Atlanta  College  of  Art  and 
received  her  M.F.A.  from  the  Rhode 
Island  School  of  Design.  In  1997, 
she  became  the  youngest  person 
ever  awarded  a  John  D.  and  Cath- 
erine T.  MacArthur  Foundation 
Achievement  Award. 

www.nasher.duke.edu 


Vi     I 


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Cultural  impressions:  the 
Pet  jovschis'  body  of  work 
includes,  clockwise  from  far  left, 
an  installation  at  the  Museum 
of  Modern  Art,  Community, 
Map  of  Impression  with  Bra, 
and  Our  Withheld  Silences 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Gazette 


RESEARCH   FRONTIERS 


two  women  wearing  burqas.  The  first  wom- 
an wears  a  traditional  burqa,  with  only  her 
eyes  showing.  The  second  wears  what  looks 
the  same  from  the  waist  up;  however,  she  is 
naked  from  the  waist  down.  The  caption 
reads,  "Bringing  Western  Values." 

Lia  Perjovschi's  work  has  been  similarly 
political.  Even  before  the  revolution  in  Ro- 
mania, she  gained  an  underground  follow- 
ing for  revolutionary  performance  pieces.  In 
one,  she  seated  colleagues  at  the  Bucharest 
Academy  of  Art  in  chairs  placed  in  a  circle 
and  tied  them  together.  They  broke  free 
only  by  working  together. 

In  recent  years,  Dan  Perjovschi  has  head- 
lined shows  at  major  European  museums 
and  at  the  Museum  of  Modern  Art  in  New 
York.  He's  made  a  transition,  too,  from  com- 


J 


plex,  multilayered  paper  drawings,  some- 
times including  as  many  as  5,000  images,  to 
"ephemeral"  works  consisting  of  hundreds 
or  thousands  of  small  drawings  executed 
directly  on  the  museum  walls  during  exhibi- 
tion hours.  At  the  Nasher,  Stiles  says,  he 
will  decorate  all  of  the  windows  in  the  cen- 
tral atrium. 

"Dan  is  very  direct,  very  warm,  he  likes 
interaction,"  says  Roxana  Markoci,  who  cu- 
rated  Perjovschi's  recent  exhibition  at 
MoMA.  "He's  performing  in  a  way.  For  Dan, 
the  audience's  reaction  is  very  important  as 
well.  He  can  feel  that  presence  at  his  back. 
He  is  taking  cues  from  them — when  some- 
body laughed,  when  there  was  silence." 

The  Perjovschis'  success  has,  in  turn, 
brought  more  attention  back  to  other  artists 
working  in  Romania,  says  Corina  Suteu, 
director  of  the  Romanian  Cultural  Institute 
in  New  York.  This  has  helped  to  extend  a 
legacy  that  began  nearly  twenty  years  ago, 
when  the  Perjovschis  were  first  beginning 
to  organize  for  social  progress  and,  through 
their  travels,  she  says  "created  this  kind  of 
missing  link  between  the  contemporary 
world  outside  Romania  and  what  was  hap- 
pening inside." 

"In  the  Communist  era,  the  type  of  visual 
arts  that  were  encouraged  were  extremely 
conservative  and  very  dogmatic.  Romania 
really  needed  this  kind  of  strong  assessment 
about  a  new  aesthetics,"  Suteu  says.  The 
Perjovschis  "had  this  idea  that  art  can  mod- 
ify societies." 

www.nasher.duke.edu 


Intentions  for  stored  embryos 

Donate  to  another  couple- 
Thaw  and  discard - 
SCNT  research  - 
General  medical  research  - 
Stem  cell  research - 
Infertility  research - 
Disease  research- 

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Stem-Cell  Research  Favored 

President  George  W.  Bush  has  vowed 
to  veto  federal  legislation  that 
would  loosen  current  limitations  on 
stem-cell  research.  But  a  recent 
study  suggests  that  patients  who  have  creat- 
ed and  frozen  embryos  as  part  of  fertility 
treatments  may  not  share  the  moral  qualms 
held  by  Bush  and  other  opponents  of  stem- 
cell  research. 

Scientists  at  Duke  Medical  Center  and 
the  Johns  Hopkins  University  sent  question- 
naires to  2,210  patients  at  nine  infertility 
centers  across  the  U.S.,  asking  them  about 
their  intentions  for  the  frozen  embryos  they 
currently  had  stored.  (People  undergoing 
fertility  treatment  may  end  up  with  any- 
where from  one  to  more  than  twenty  un- 
used embryos  at  the  end  of  the  process.) 

Among  those  surveyed,  research  proved  to 
be  the  most  desirable  option  for  disposition 
of  excess  embryos — more  popular  than  do- 
nation to  another  infertile  couple  or  de- 
struction. 

While  49  percent  of  those  who  responded 
to  the  survey  indicated  that  they  were  likely 
to  donate  some  or  all  of  their  excess  embryos 
to  research  in  general,  the  number  increased 
to  about  60  percent  when  the  questions 
were  more  specific,  asking  about  stem-cell 
research  in  particular,  and  about  research 
aimed  at  developing  treatments  for  human 
disease  or  for  infertility. 

Because  stem  cells  have  the  ability  to 
become  any  type  of  cell  present  in  the  hu- 

s  §  J 

111 


1 


0  20  40  60 

Percent  infertility  paitents  likely  to  choose  option 


1  I 


September -October  2007         21 


Gazette 


RESEARCH    FRONTIERS 


UPDATE 


"Compassionate  Conservation,"  Duke  Magazine,  January -February  2006 


esponding  to  popular  de- 
mand for  creative  responses 
to  global  warming,  FIFA, 
the  world  governing  body 
of  soccer,  instituted  a"carbon-neu- 
tral"  policy  for  its  2006  World  Cup  in 
Berlin.  All  carbon  emissions  associat- 


Biology  held  in  Port  Elizabeth,  South 
Africa,  in  July,  Stuart  Pimm  chipped 
in  with  a  suggestion  for  officials.  He 
urged  FIFA,  in  cooperation  with  South 
Africa,  to  take  on  a  major  reforestation 
project,  planting  indigenous  trees. 
"It's  a  low-tech  option  with  extraor- 


ed  with  hosting  the  massive  tourna- 
ment, including  the  airline  travel  of 
participants  and  spectators,  had  to 
be  offset  in  some  way.  For  the  201 0 
World  Cup,  to  be  held  in  South  Africa, 
the  organization  has  pledged  to  fol- 
low its  own  precedent. 

Delivering  a  speech  at  the  annual 
meeting  of  the  Society  for  Conservation 


dinary  potential,"  he  was  quoted  as 
saying  in  the  country's  Herald. 

For  Pimm,  Doris  Duke  Professor  of 
conservation  ecology,  the  beauty  of 
planting  indigenous  plants  (as 
opposed  to,  say,  buying  generic  car- 
bon credits)  is  that  they  serve  not 
only  as  carbon-storage  space,  but 
also  help  locally  to  combat  the  loss  of 


biodiversity  as  well  as  soil  erosion. 
He  says  South  Africa,  where  he  also 
serves  as  an  adjunct  professor  at  the 
University  of  Pretoria,  is  already  busy 
exploring  carbon  offsets.  The  country 
has,  in  recent  years,  undertaken  sev- 
eral conservation-minded  initiatives 
to  remove  invasive  plants,  like  the 
eucalyptus,  and  replace  them  with 
native  species. 

While  there  for  the  meeting, 
Pimm  was  also  able  to  connect  with 
one  of  his  research  teams,  which 
employs  several  current  and  former 
students  from  Duke.  The  team's  work 
involves  tracking  elephant  migration 
patterns  in  the  hopes  of  convincing 
governments  to  change  national- 
park  boundaries  across  Southern 
Africa  to  better  reflect  the  animals' 
natural  movements. 

In  August  he  returned  for  a  spell 
to  the  Brazilian  rain  forest  to  contin- 
ue his  conservation  work  there,  the 
subject  of  a  Duke  Magazine  feature  in 
January-February  2006.  But  for 
Pimm,  a  soccer  fan  as  well  as  an  ecol- 
ogist,  the  201 0  World  Cup  was  still  a 
rosy  thought  in  the  back  of  his  mind. 
— Jacob  Dagger 


man  body,  it  may  eventually  be  possible  to 
treat  diseases  ranging  from  autoimmune  dis- 
orders to  cancer  by  using  the  stem  cells  to 
generate  healthy  cells  to  replace  damaged 
ones.  Embryonic  stem  cells  are  more  versa- 
tile than  their  counterparts  derived  from 
adults  or  from  umbilical  cord  blood. 

Anne  Drapkin  Lyerly  M.D.  '95,  an  associ- 
ate professor  of  obstetrics  and  gynecology  at 
Duke  and  lead  investigator  on  the  study, 
suspects  patients  might  feel  a  responsibility 
to  the  embryos  that  precludes  allowing  them 
to  develop  into  children  to  be  reared  by  other 
people,  or  to  be  destroyed  without  benefit. 
"For  the  people  in  possession  of  these  em- 
bryos, research  may  prove  to  be  the  most 


acceptable  and  morally  preferable  option," 
Lyerly  says. 

These  findings  suggest  that  the  number  of 
embryos  potentially  available  for  stem-cell 
research  may  be  much  larger  than  scientists 
thought. 

"Previous  research  indicates  that  there 
are  approximately  400,000  frozen  embryos 
stored  in  the  United  States,"  says  Lyerly.  "If 
half  of  those  belong  to  people  who  are  will- 
ing to  donate  embryos  for  research,  and 
only  half  that  number  were  in  fact  donated, 
there  could  still  be  100,000  embryos  avail- 
able for  research."  Earlier  estimates  placed 
the  number  of  available  embryos  at  about 
11,000,  she  says. 


As  current  federal  policies  do  not  reflect 
the  preferences  of  infertility  patients,  "this 
has  significant  implications  for  potential 
policy  change  on  stem  cell  research,"  Lyerly 
says.  The  researchers  published  their  find- 
ings in  the  journal  Science. 

www.sciencemag.org 

Examining  Islamic  Extremism 

Researchers  at  Duke  and  the  Univer- 
sity of  North  Carolina  at  Chapel  Hill 
will  lead  a  two-year  study  funded  by 
the  U.S.  Department  of  Justice  aimed 
at  finding  out  how  Muslims  in  the  U.S.  ad- 
dress messages  of  extremism  in  their  com- 
munities. 

The  purpose  of  the  project  is  to  develop 
policy  recommendations  for  reducing  the 
likelihood  that  the  U.S.  will  develop  home- 
grown terrorist  networks  like  those  seen  re- 
cently in  Europe. 

"In  light  of  the  recent  events  in  London 
and  Glasgow,  it  is  critically  important  to 
understand  why  widespread  radicalization 
has  not  occurred  in  the  United  States  and 
take  steps  to  reinforce  this  trend,"  says  David 
Schanzer,  a  visiting  associate  professor  of 
the  practice  of  public  policy  at  Duke  and  di- 
rector of  the  Triangle  Center  on  Terrorism 
and  Homeland  Security. 

The  National  Institute  of  Justice — the 
research  arm  of  the  Justice  Department — 
recently  awarded  the  center  $394,000  for 
the  study. 

Center  researchers  will  seek  to  learn  from 
the  responses  of  four  American  Muslim 
communities  to  radical  Islamic  movements 
across  the  globe,  says  Charles  Kurzman,  a 
UNC-CH  associate  professor  of  sociology 
and  co-principal  investigator  in  the  project. 
Along  with  another  co-principal  investiga- 
tor, Ebrahim  Moosa,  associate  professor  of 
Islamic  studies  at  Duke,  and  graduate  stu- 
dents from  both  universities,  Kurzman  and 
Schanzer  will  study  Muslim  communities  in 
Buffalo,  New  York;  Houston;  Seattle;  and 
the  Triangle. 

Of  those  areas,  only  Houston  has  been  | 
free  of  violence  attributed  to  Islamic  ex- 1 
tremism,  Kurzman  says.  In  the  other  three,  « 


22 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


|«otex.  fKotex.    Kotex. 


Kl 


**&4  4ttf 


esearch  conducted  by  Gavan  Fitzsimons,  a  professor  of 

marketing  at  the  Fuqua 

that  certain  products 

consumers  that  can  reduce  flTFSjSpeal 
they  inadvertently  come  into  contact  with  in  the  grocery  cart  or  on 
a  store  shelf.  These  include  feminine  hygiene  products,  lard,  trash 
bags,  and  cat  litter.  The  impression  of  "product  contagion"  is 
lasting  and  especially  common  for  products  with  clear  packaging. 
Fitzsimons'  study  suggests  new,  safer  strategies  for  marketers 
and  those  in  charge  of  product  placement. 


Gazette 


RESEARCH    FRONTIERS 


one  or  two  incidents  attributed  to  individu- 
als acting  alone  were  denounced  by  other 
local  Muslims. 

"Osama  bin  Laden  and  other  revolution- 
aries have  argued  that  it  is  the  responsibility 
of  every  Muslim  who  can  do  so  to  engage  in 
violent  jihad,  but  few  Muslims  have  taken 
up  this  call,  especially  in  the  United  States," 
Kurzman  says. 

"It  is  critical  that  we  see  what  we  can  learn 
from  these  communities.  We  hope  this 
research  will  be  helpful  to  policymakers  and 
law-enforcement  officials." 

www.pubpol.duke.edu/centers/tcths/ 


Genetic  Clue  for  Managing  Multiple  Sclerosis 


A  newly  identified  gene  may  help  guide  future 
research  into  therapies  for  multiple  sclerosis. 
Researchers  say  their  identification  is  the 
first  major  genetic  advance  in  thirty  years 
toward  understanding  this  nervous-system  disease. 

While  it  has  been  known  that  there  is  a  strong 
genetic  underpinning  for  multiple  sclerosis,  until  now, 
only  genes  within  a  region  of  Chromosome  6  have 
been  implicated  in  the  disease.  The  current  finding, 
reported  in  the  journal  Nature  Genetics,  demonstrated 
that  a  functional  gene  variant  on  Chromosome  5 
was  associated  with  an  increased  susceptibility  to 
the  disease. 

"Our  finding  is  very  important  because  the  genetic 
factors  that  are  already  known  to  be  associated  with 
multiple  sclerosis  only  explain  less  than  half  of  the 
total  genetic  basis  for  the  disease,"  says  Simon 
Gregory,  the  paper's  first  author  and 
an  assistant  professor  in  Duke's  Center  for 
Human  Genetics.  "We  have  identified  a 
gene  that  increases  an  individual's  —" 

risk  of  MS  by  30  percent  and  that  this 
variant  has  an  effect  on  the  function 
of  the  gene." 

Gregory's  research  team,  which 
included  researchers  at  Duke,  the 
University  of  California  at  San  Francisco, 
the  University  of  Cambridge,  the  Uni- 
versity of  Miami,  and  Vanderbilt  University, 


also  published  a  paper  in  the  New  England  Journal  of 
Medicine  replicating  similar  findings. 

Multiple  sclerosis  is  a  disease  that  is  caused  by  the 
breakdown  of  the  fatty  sheath  surrounding  axons,  the 
long  spindly  portions  of  nerve  cells  that  carry  mes- 
sages from  one  cell  to  another.  This  sheath,  known  as 
myelin,  acts  much  like  the  plastic  coating  insulating 
an  electrical  cord. 

For  reasons  that  are  not  well  understood,  the  body's 
own  immune  system  is  believed  to  attack  the  myelin, 
which  can  cause  "short  circuits"  in  the  body's  electrical 
system.  What  triggers  this  autoimmune  response  is 
likely  a  result  of  a  complex  interplay  between  genetic 

»     and  environmental  factors,  Gregory  says. 

iv.nature.com/genetics/index.html 


Coffee,  Cigarettes, 
and  Parkinson's 


Breakdown:  cross  section  of  human  nerve  high- 
lighting myelin  sheath,  which  is  attacked  during  MS 


In  families  affected  by  Parkinson's  dis- 
ease, the  people  who  smoked  cigarettes 
and  drank  a  lot  of  coffee  were  less  likely 
to  develop  the  disease,  according  to  a 
Duke  Medical  Center  study. 

Previous  studies  have  suggested  that 
smokers  and  coffee  drinkers  have  a  lower 
risk  of  developing  Parkinson's  disease.  How- 
ever, this  is  the  first  study  to  look  specifical- 
ly at  cigarette  smoking  and  caffeine  con- 
sumption within  families  affected  by  the 
disease,  the  researchers  said. 

The  findings  suggest  that  both  genetic  and 
environmental  factors  may  influence  the 
development  of  Parkinson's,  a  progressive 
neurodegenerative  disease  marked  by  trem- 
bling of  the  limbs,  stiffness  and  rigidity  of 
the  muscles,  and  slowness  of  movement. 

The  researchers  studied  the  associations 
between  smoking,  caffeine,  and  Parkinson's 
disease  in  356  Parkinson's  disease  patients 
and  317  family  members  without  the  dis- 
ease. Individuals  with  Parkinson's  disease 
were  half  as  likely  to  report  ever  smoking 
and  two-thirds  less  likely  to  report  current 
smoking  compared  with  unaffected  rela- 
tives, the  researchers  found.  Individuals  with 
Parkinson's  disease  were  also  less  likely  to 
drink  large  amounts  of  coffee,  the  researchers 
found.  The  findings  were  published  in  the 
journal  Archives  of  Neurology. 

Investigators  say  the  biological  mecha- 


PUKE  MAGAZINE 


nisms  through  which  smoking  and  caffeine 
might  work  in  individuals  at  risk  of  Parkin- 
son's disease  are  still  not  clear. 

Smoking  cigarettes  and  consuming  copi- 
ous amounts  of  caffeine  carry  their  own  risks 
and  should  not  be  taken  up  in  an  attempt  to 
avoid  developing  Parkinson's  disease,  cau- 
tions study  investigator  Burton  L.  Scott  76, 
Ph.D.  '84,  an  associate  professor  of  medicine. 


r.ama-assn.org/cgi/ 
content/full/64/4/576 

HIV  Achilles  Heel 

An  international  team  of  researchers 
has  identified  three  gene  variants 
that  appear  to  have  helped  some 
HIV  patients  fight  off  the  virus  and 
delay  the  onset  of  full-blown  AIDS. 

The  researchers  expect  the  new  findings 
to  aid  the  search  for  an  HIV  vaccine  that 
would  work  by  boosting  the  protective  ef- 
fects of  one  or  more  of  these  genes  and  help- 
ing the  body's  own  immune  system  overcome 
an  infection. 

The  study,  published  in  the  journal  Science, 
represents  the  first  large  collaborative  proj- 
ect of  the  Center  for  HIV/AIDS  Vaccine 
Immunology  (CHAVI),  a  seven-year  pro- 
gram directed  by  Barton  Haynes,  Frederic 
M.  Hanes  Professor  of  medicine  at  Duke. 
The  results  help  researchers  understand  the 
variations  in  the  way  different  patients  re- 
spond to  HIV  infection,  says  David  Gold- 
stein, senior  author  of  the  paper  and  direc- 
tor of  the  Center  tor  Population  Genomics 
and  Pharmacogenetics  at  Duke's  Institute 
for  Genome  Sciences  &  Policy. 

CHAVI  researchers  from  several  coun- 
tries pooled  their  patient  data.  They  used 
genome-wide  screening  technology  to  high- 
light gene  variants,  known  as  polymorphisms, 
in  key  immune-system  cells  that  seemed 
especially  effective  at  controlling  the  spread 
of  HIV  after  infection. 

Two  of  the  polymorphisms  were  found  in 
genes  controlling  the  human  leukocyte  an- 
tigen (HLA)  system,  which  plays  a  major 
role  in  the  immune  system  by  identifying 
foreign  invaders  and  "tagging"  them  for  de- 
struction. Two  HLA  genes,  known  as  HLA- 


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of  their  careers.  Whether  you're  a  full-time  MBA  student,  a  professional 
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A  and  HLA-B,  are  turned  off  by  HIV  when 
it  enters  the  body,  which  keeps  the  immune 
system  from  recognizing  the  virus  as  foreign. 
But  a  third  HLA  gene,  known  as  HLA-C,  is 
not  thought  to  be  turned  off  by  HIV-1. 

The  new  results  suggest  that,  for  some 
individuals  at  least,  HLA-C  is  involved  in 
controlling  HIV- 1 .  Goldstein  says  the  gene 
may  represent  an  Achilles  heel  of  HIV;  if  so, 
a  vaccine  could  be  designed  to  elicit  an 
HLA-C  response  that  HIV-1  might  be  un- 
able to  defuse. 

These  findings  represent  only  the  first  of 
what  investigators  say  will  be  a  series  of 
genome-wide  studies  to  pinpoint  additional 
targets  for  HIV  vaccines.  "As  we  expand 
the  number  of  patients  in  future  studies 
conducted  by  CHAVI  researchers,  we  aim 
to  discover  even  more  polymorphisms  that 
could  provide  additional  clues  of  how  some 
patients  are  better  able  to  control  the  virus 
than  others,"  Goldstein  says.  "This  should 
ultimately  lead  to  novel  targets  for  vac- 
cines, the  primary  goal  of  CHAVI." 

www.chavi.org 

To  Health  and  Happiness 

Studies  showing  that  people  can  effec- 
tively "catch"  obesity  from  their  close 
friends — through  changing  interpre- 
tations of  appropriate  behavior  and 
weight — made  headlines  a  few  months  ago. 

But  a  Duke  study  also  released  recently 
demonstrates  that,  at  least  in  the  case  of 
spouses,  the  converse  is  also  true.  Being  a 
good  role  model,  researchers  say,  can  truly 
help  a  spouse  adopt  a  healthy  lifestyle. 

When  one  spouse  quits  smoking  or  drink- 
ing, gets  a  cholesterol  screening,  or  rolls  up 
a  sleeve  for  a  flu  shot,  the  other  spouse  is 
more  likely  to  follow  suit,  according  to  the 
study,  published  in  the  journal  Health  Ser- 
vices Research. 

"We  consistently  find  that  when  one 
spouse  improves  his  or  her  behavior,  the 
other  spouse  is  likely  to  do  so  as  well,"  says 
study  co-author  Tracy  Falba,  a  visiting  assis- 
tant professor  of  economics.  "It  isn't  clear 
which  spouse  drives  the  change,  but  it  is 
clear  that  these  things  happen  together." 


26         DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Follow  the  leader: 
A  healthy  spouse  is 
a  good  role  model 

The  sway  of  the  positive  role  model  was 
strongest  when  it  came  to  smoking  and 
drinking  and  weaker  for  things  such  as  get- 
ting more  vigorous  exercise  and  having  a 
cholesterol  test.  In  the  case  of  flu  shots,  a 
spouse's  influence  can  be  "quite  striking," 
Falba  says.  Husbands  whose  wives  start  get- 
ting the  yearly  shot  have  a  60  percent  likeli- 
hood of  getting  the  shot  themselves,  com- 
pared with  a  21  percent  likelihood  among 
husbands  whose  wives  do  not  get  the  shot. 

Falba  says  the  findings  of  this  and  similar 
studies  could  point  toward  a  new  strategy 
for  doctors  looking  to  improve  the  health  of 
married  patients. 

www.hret.org/hret/publications/hsr.html 

In  Brief 

<jr  Joe  Alleva,  a  key  campus  figure  in  the 
lacrosse  incident,  has  been  reappointed  di- 
rector of  athletics.  The  reappointment  fol- 
lowed a  regular  review  process  that  is  under- 
gone by  deans  and  senior  administrators 
every  five  years.  The  review  committee  is 
made  up  of  trustees,  faculty  members,  and 
alumni,  including  former  athletes.  Alleva 
has  worked  in  the  athletics  department  since 
1980  and  became  athletics  director  in  1998. 

s>  Owen  Astrachan  M.A.T  '79,  Ph.D. 
'92,  professor  of  the  practice  of  computer 
science,  has  been  named  one  of  two  inaugu- 
ral National  Science  Foundation  Computer 
and  Information  Science  and  Engineering 
Distinguished  Education  Fellows.  The  award 
is  intended  to  help  transform  undergraduate 
computing  education  in  the  U.S.  Astrachan 
will  receive  $250,000  over  two  years  to 
develop  his  solution  to  what  the  federal  sci- 


ence agency  sees  as  a  national  shortcoming. 
He  says  he  plans  to  use  the  funding  to  pro- 
mote "problem-based  learning"  as  a  way  to 
revitalize  how  computer  science  is  taught. 

\f  Robert  J.  Lefkowitz,  James  B.  Duke 
Professor  of  medicine  and  biochemistry,  was 
one  of  four  winners  of  a  2007  Shaw  Prize. 
He  was  honored  in  the  life  science  and  med- 
icine category.  The  $1  million  prizes — known 
informally  as  the  "Nobels  of  the  East" — are 
awarded  by  the  Shaw  Prize  Foundation  in 
Hong  Kong  for  achievement  in  academic 
and  scientific  research.  Lefkowitz's  award 
recognized  his  research  into  the  receptor 
system  that  controls  the  body's  response  to 
drugs  and  hormones. 

V  John  Rennie,  head  coach  of  the  men's 
soccer  team,  will  retire  at  the  end  of  the 
2007  season.  He  was  hired  in  1979  after  six 
seasons  at  Columbia  University.  During  his 
tenure,  he  built  Duke  into  one  of  the  elite 
programs  in  the  country,  leading  his  teams 
to  winning  records  in  twenty-six  of  his  twen- 
ty-eight seasons  to  date.  He  has  taken  Duke 
to  the  NCAA  tournament  nineteen  times. 
His  1986  team  won  Duke's  first  national 
championship  in  any  sport.  At  the  start  of 
the  season,  Rennie  had  443  career  wins, 
399  of  which  came  at  Duke,  ranking  him 
sixth  in  career  victories  in  Division  I  histo- 
ry. He  took  home  National  Coach  of  the 
Year  honors  in  1982,  and  was  named  ACC 
Coach  of  the  Year  five  times.  Rennie  found- 
ed and  directs  the  Duke  Soccer  Camp,  one  of 
the  most  highly  regarded  in  the  nation. 

^  O.D.  Vincent  was  named  head  coach 
of  the  men's  golf  team.  Over  the  past  five 
seasons,  Vincent  has  guided  the  men's  golf 
team  at  the  University  of  California  at  Los 


Angeles  to  two  Pac-10  conference  champi- 
onships and  four  top- 10  NCAA  Cham- 
pionship finishes.  He  was  named  National 
Coach  of  the  Year  by  the  Golf  Coaches  As- 
sociation of  America  in  1999,  while  coaching 
at  his  alma  mater,  the  University  of  Wash- 
ington, where  he  was  an  All-American  as  a 
=  player.  Vincent  replaces  Rod  Myers,  who 
§  died  in  March.  Myers  coached  at  Duke  for 
|  thirty-four  seasons.  Brad  Sparling  served  as 
"~  the  program's  interim  head  coach  through 
the  spring  semester. 

\f  President  Richard  H.  Brodhead  signed 
the  American  College  and  University  Pres- 
idents Climate  Commitment.  By  signing  the 
commitment,  Duke  is  joining  more  than 
300  other  schools  in  pledging  to  eliminate 
the  campus'  greenhouse-gas  emissions  over 
time  and  integrate  sustainability  into  stu- 
dents' educational  experience. 

if  Duke  has  approved  the  launch  of  a  Peace 
Corps  Fellows  program  at  the  Fuqua  School 
of  Business.  Fuqua  is  the  newest  member  of  a 
national  consortium  of  graduate  programs, 
including  the  Terry  Sanford  Institute  of 
Public  Policy,  that  recruit  and  support  re- 
turned Peace  Corps  volunteers  who  wish  to 
pursue  advanced  degrees.  Beginning  this  fall, 
the  program  is  providing  scholarships  to 
selected  former  corps  members  enrolled  in 
the  M.B.A.  program.  The  fellows  receive  a 
25  percent  tuition  discount  in  return  for 
agreeing  to  carry  out  community-service 
projects  in  Durham  during  the  school  year. 

^  Duke  received  $380,059,931  in  philan- 
thropic gifts  between  July  1,  2006,  and  June 
30,  2007,  eclipsing  by  approximately  1 1  per- 
cent the  previous  year's  record  total  of 
$341.9  million.  Gifts  came  from  some  98,000 
donors,  nearly  41,000  of  them  Duke  alum- 
ni. The  Duke  Endowment,  the  Charlotte- 
based  charitable  trust  created  by  university 
founder  James  B.  Duke,  was  the  university's 
single  largest  donor,  giving  $74-7  million. 
More  than  $80  million  of  the  total  was  di- 
rected to  support  student  scholarships,  the 
great  majority  for  Duke's  Financial  Aid 
Initiative,  which  has  achieved  about  three- 
quarters  of  its  $300  million  goal  for  new 
scholarship  endowment. 


September -October  2007 


Campus  Observer 


Smoke  Break 


Out  on  the  sidewalk,  Cheryl  Prit- 
chard  lights  up  and  takes  a  quick 
drag  on  her  cigarette.  She  exhales  a 
small  cloud  of  smoke  and  lets  her 
arm,  crooked  at  the  elbow,  fall  a  bit.  She 
watches  as  a  line  of  cars  pull  to  a  stop,  one 
by  one,  just  in  front  of  her. 

Pritchard's  life  partner  has  stage-four  mel- 
anoma. He's  receiving  treatment  at  the 
cancer  wing  of  Duke  Hospital,  and  she's 
here  visiting  him.  It's  a  stressful  time  for  her, 
and  as  at  other  stressful  times,  she  finds  a 
cigarette  takes  the  edge  off  a  little  bit,  lets 
her  relax. 

The  only  problem  is,  Duke  Health  Sys- 
tem has  recently  extended  a  smoking  ban 
that  once  applied  only  inside  its  facilities  to 
its  grounds  as  well.  Not  twenty  feet  from 
Pritchard  is  a  sign,  one  of  many  that  have 
been  placed  around  the  perimeter  of  the 
health  system's  property  on  campus  and 
elsewhere.  The  sign  features  a  blue  box  filled 
by  a  white  H,  reminiscent  of  Hospital  signs 
posted  along  the  highway.  But  if  you  look 
closely,  you  notice  that  one  of  the  H's  legs  is 
actually  a  cigarette  butt  being  mashed  into 
the  ground.  "Duke  Medicine  is  100%  tobac- 
co-free," it  reads,  in  small  print  at  the  bot- 
tom. "INSIDE  AND  OUT." 

So  Pritchard  and  other  smokers  in  Duke 
North  must  abandon  their  old  haunts — 
doorways,  overhangs,  the  smoking  hut  lo- 
cated near  the  centrally  located  cafeteria — 
and  hump  it  out  here  to  Erwin  Road,  Dur- 
ham property.  Smokers  in  Duke  South  and 
in  the  medical  center's  research  building 
hike  across  Research  Drive  onto  the  aca- 
demic campus  (where  smoking  is  still  per- 
mitted), out  the  doors  of  Davison  onto  the 
main  quad,  or  into  fringe  of  the  Sarah  P. 
Duke  Gardens. 

Throughout  the  day,  the  Durham  bus  stop 
located  directly  in  front  of  Duke  North,  as 
well  as  the  adjacent  sidewalk  and  lawn,  plays 
host  to  a  never-ending  parade  of  smokers: 
visitors  in  shorts  and  T-shirts,  researchers 
and  hospital  staff  members  in  scrubs,  even 
patients  in  hospital  gowns  hooked  up  to  IVs 
or  in  wheelchairs. 

Pritchard  is  miffed  by  the  new  policy, 


which  went  into  effect  July  4,  extending  her 
one-way  walk  to  a  smoking  area  to  ten  min- 
utes. Her  partner,  she  says,  is  often  up  late 
into  the  night,  and  she  plans  to  be  here  vis- 
iting him,  but  worries  about  the  safety  of 
trekking  out  to  the  bus  stop  after  dark.  "It's 
pretty  scary,"  she  says.  "I  don't  know  what 
I'm  going  to  do.  Maybe  get  some  mace  or 
something."  She  lights  up  a  second  cigarette. 

Many  visitors  and  staff  members  echo 
Pritchard's  complaint  about  the  longer  walk. 
They  spread  rumors  that  being  caught 
smoking  on  hospital  property  results  in  a 
huge  fine — rumors  that  turn  out  to  be  un- 
true. They  also  point  out  the  irony  that 
Duke  would  outlaw  the  byproducts  of  the 
very  crop  on  which  it  was  built  and  ques- 
tion the  true  impact  of  the  new  policy  on 
Duke's  image. 

"I  don't  like  standing  out 
in  the  middle  of  the  street," 
says  a  housekeeper  sitting 
on  the  bus-stop  bench, 
wearing  green  scrubs,  ciga- 
rette in  hand.  She's  joined 
by  three  fellow  smokers  in 
scrubs:  royal  blue,  dark  blue, 
and  maroon — like  a  rain- 
bow starting  to  catch  fire. 

"It's  just  awful,  and  it 
looks  stupid,"  says  Royal 
Blue,  who  works  in  sterile 
processing.  "They're  wor- 
ried about  how  smokers 
represent  Duke  and  the 
hospital.  But  we  still  repre- 
sent Duke  when  we're  sit- 
ting out  here."  It's  ugly,  she 
says,  gesturing  to  the  near- 
by crowd  and  to  the  ciga- 
rette butts  littering  the 
lawn. 

Maroon:  "Plus,  it's  going  to  get  cold  in 
the  winter." 

Green:  "Too  hot  in  summertime,  too  cold 
in  winter." 

Royal  Blue  shrugs.  "Put  that  coat  on." 

Others'  responses  are  more  measured.  "It's 
better  than  having  patients  come  in  and  out 
through  a  cloud  of  smoke,"  says  visitor  Jim- 
my Jacobs,  as  he  himself  takes  a  puff  on  a 
cigarette. 


Throughout  the  day, 
the  Durham  bus  stop 
located  directly  in  front 
of  Duke  North,  as  well 
as  the  adjacent  sidewalk 
and  lawn,  plays  host  to 
a  never-ending  parade 
of  smokers:  visitors  in 
shorts  and  T-shirts, 
researchers  and  hospital 
staff  members  in 
scrubs,  even  patients 
in  hospital  gowns. 


"I  think  it's  a  good 
idea,"  says  T.J.  Barnaby, 
crouching  in  the  shade  of 
a  tree  about  fifty  yards 
down  the  road.  Barnaby 's 
son  is  undergoing  surgery. 
"Half  the  people  in  there 
are  in  there  from  smoking. 
"It's  the  way  the  world's 
going.  Restaurants,  bars.... 
Where  I'm  from  originally 
[in  Massachusetts],  you 
can't  smoke  anywhere.  I 
can't  smoke  if  I  go  to  see 
my  kid  at  school.  It  makes 
it  inconvenient  for  smok- 
ers. It's  not  a  bad  idea." 

At  1 1:30  a.m.  Jackie  Caldwell,  who  works 
for  a  construction  subcontractor,  is  out  on 
the  lawn  sipping  a  cold  Mountain  Dew  and 
having  a  smoke.  His  first,  he  says,  since  6:30 
a.m.  He  smokes  less  now  than  he  did  when 
the  ban  went  into  effect,  in  part  because  his 
fifteen-minute  breaks  don't  always  give  him 
time  to  get  off  medical  center  property,  and 
in  part  because  he  can  no  longer  smoke 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


The  use  of  tobacco  products 

at  any  of  our  Duke  Medicine  h< 
outpatient  and  research  facility 
administrative  offices  or  medical  a 


when  he's  working  outdoors,  on  the  loading 
dock.  He  acknowledges  that  smoking  less  is 
a  good  thing.  "I'd  like  to  quit,"  he  says.  "But 
I  want  to  quit  because  I  want  to,  not  be- 
cause the  university's  forcing  me." 

His  story  is  not  uncommon.  For  all  their 
complaints,  the  majority  of  those  visiting 
the  bus  stop  acknowledge  that  the  new  re- 
strictions have  cut  down  on  their  smoking, 
not  an  undesirable  development  in  and  of 
itself.  It's  just  that  they  feel  their  freedoms 
have  been  chipped  away  a  bit  more. 

The  shift  toward  smoke-free  environ- 
ments, both  nationwide  and  at  Duke,  has 
been  a  gradual  one,  though  in  recent  years, 
as  many  cities  and  towns  have  begun  insti- 
tuting bans  on  smoke  in  bars  and  restau- 
rants— even  against  business  owners'  com- 
plaints that  they  will  curb  business — it  seems 
to  have  picked  up  some  steam. 

Duke  Medical  Center  first  banned  the 
sale  of  cigarettes  and  tobacco  products  in 
1987.  (Its  six  cigarette  machines  were  "used 
to  replace  outdated  machines  elsewhere  on 
campus,"  read  a  quote  in  The  Chronicle.)  In 
1989,  the  medical  center  went  smoke-free 


An  inconvenient  puff:  Smokers  must  walk  off 
campus  to  indulge  their  habit 

indoors,  following  a  growing  trend,  but  also 
giving  it  weight  as  the  largest  employer  in 
the  county.  Duke's  early  smoke-free  initia- 
tives were  led  by  Steve  Herman,  then  direc- 
tor of  the  medical  center's  Quit  Smoking 
Consult  Service  and  an  assistant  professor 
of  medical  psychology. 

In  almost  every  case,  the  medical  center 
faced  challenges  from  smokers  arguing  that 
their  rights  were  being  violated.  Herman's 
papers,  housed  in  the  medical  center  ar- 
chives, include  a  lengthy  1988  correspon- 
dence with  a  faculty  member  who  argued 
that  surveys  favoring  the  indoor  ban  were  un- 
scientific; that  the  grant  money  she  brought 
into  the  university  effectively  paid  her  rent 
and  that  her  space  was  her  responsibility; 
that  patients,  as  consumers,  might  choose 
to  go  to  another  hospital  where  smoking 
was  allowed;  and  that  the  new  rules  would 
create  "supervisory  nightmares." 

These  issues  remain  salient  today.  They 
were  mulled  extensively  by  the  fifty-mem- 


ber committee  that  oversaw  the  most  re- 
cent tobacco-free  initiative.  The  announce- 
ment that  the  health  system  would  be  going 
smoke-free — in  concert  with  neighboring 
UNC  Hospitals,  Rex  Healthcare,  and  Wake- 
Med — was  made  last  October.  In  subsequent 
months,  the  committee  developed  a  public- 
relations  campaign  to  promote  the  new  pol- 
icy, put  together  an  instruction  manual  for 
staff  managers  on  implementing  and  en- 
forcing the  policy,  and  highlighted  Duke 
smoking  cessation  programs  available  to 
faculty  and  staff  members. 

The  central  issue  that  inspired  the  effort, 
says  Stephen  Smith,  chief  human-resources 
officer  for  the  health  system  and  head  of  the 
committee,  was  "the  hypocrisy  of  a  health 
organization  like  a  hospital  not  taking  a 
more  firm  stand"  on  smoking,  long  accepted 
as  a  leading  cause  of  cancer. 

"My  wife  and  I  were  in  Ireland  on  vaca- 
tion," he  says.  "All  of  the  pubs  there  are 
i  smoke-free.  If  they  can  pull  it  off  in  Irish 
[  pubs,  we  can  do  it  with  hospitals." 
■■  As  for  the  extensive  planning  process, 
Smith  says,  Victor  Dzau,  chancellor  for 
health  affairs  and  CEO  of  the  health  system, 
"could  have  simply  decreed  it,  and  we  all 
would  have  wondered  why  it  didn't  work." 

So  on  the  week  of  July  4,  the  grounds 
crews  usually  charged  with  emptying  and 
cleaning  large  cement  ashtrays  were  loading 
them  onto  a  truck  and  driving  them  off.  A 
team  from  the  hospital's  engineering-and- 
operations  department  was  demolishing  the 
metal  and  glass  smoking  hut,  near  the  cafe- 
teria, and  taking  the  parts  to  an  off-campus 
storage  unit.  The  medical  center's  sign  shop 
was  turning  out  freshly  minted  signs  declar- 
ing the  property  tobacco-free.  And  smokers 
were  tracking  new  routes. 

Some  smokers  fumed  at  the  inconven- 
ience. But  talking  to  Smith,  you  get  the 
sense  that  the  inconvenience  might  not  be 
unintentional.  "We  are  trying  to  help  peo- 
ple break  a  habit  that's  detrimental  to  their 
health,"  he  says  of  the  new  policy.  "That's 
what  a  hospital  should  be  doing." 

Now,  "When  people  ask  me  where  they 
can  smoke,  I  say,  'I'll  tell  you  where  you 
can't  smoke.'  " 

— Jacob  Dagger 


September -October  2007 


29 


None  for  the  road:  Cook  advocates 

using  economic  principles  to 

curb  the  high  costs  of  alcohol  abuse 


Dangerous  Spirits 


Philip  Cook,  ITT/Sanford  Professor  of  pub- 
lic-policy studies  and  professor  of  econom- 
ics and  sociology,  has,  over  the  course  of 
his  career,  applied  the  economist's  touch 
to  many  public-health  and  policy  issues. 
His  latest  book,  Paying  the  Tab:  The  Costs 
and  Benefits  of  Alcohol  Control,  out  in 
September,  explores  the  body  of  research- 
including  some  of  his  own  studies-on 
alcohol  and  alcohol  abuse,  as  well  as  the 
history  of  alcohol  policy  in  the  U.S.  Cook  is 
no  teetotaler;  rather,  he  argues  that  con- 
trols in  the  forms  of  supply-side  regulations 
and  taxes,  long  undervalued,  should  be  a 
part  of  an  effective  national  strategy  for 
dealing  with  alcohol  abuse. 

How  do  current  levels  of  alcohol  consumption 
in  the  U.S.  compare  with  historical  trends? 

Average  consumption  in  recent  times 
peaked  in  1980.  It  has  dropped  substantial- 
ly, by  25  percent,  since  then.  And  it's 
plateaued  in  recent  years. 

What  accounts  for  that  drop? 

It's  very  hard  to  say.  It  is  partly,  I  think, 
having  to  do  with  the  increased  concern 
about  health  and  safety.  It's  not  simply  a 
demographic  change  because  the  reduction 
is  not  just  overall  but  also  for  youths,  for 
example.  I  was  here  on  campus  in  the 
1970s,  and  for  all  of  the  problems  there 
are  in  connection  with  alcohol  now,  they 
were  much  more  intense  then. 

Talk  a  little  hit  about  the  title  of  your  hook 
Paying  the  Tab.  What  tab  does  that  refer  to? 

The  idea  was  to  convey  the  sense  that  this 
was  a  book  grounded  in  economics  and 
that  it  was  concerned  with  the  fact  that 
even  though  alcohol  is  much  cheaper  than 
it  used  to  be,  the  full  social  costs  of  drink- 
ing have  to  be  paid  by  somebody. 


Can  you  elaborate  on  these  costs? 

The  costs  show  up  in  the  form  of  injuries; 
in  the  risks  attendant  to  drinking  to  intoxi- 
cation and  coupling  that  with  dangerous 
circumstances  like  driving  or  getting  into 
fights;  in  child  abuse.  And  that  shows  up 
then  in  the  form  of  public  costs  that 
include  higher  insurance  rates  or  the  med- 
ical costs  that  are  shared  widely.  But  more 
important,  just  in  the  fact  that  we  live  in  a 
riskier  environment  on  the  highways  and 
on  the  streets  because  of  heavy  drinking 
than  we  would  otherwise. 

How  docs  alcohol  control  play  out  in  the 
world  of  public  policy? 

One  way  to  conceptualize  the  history  is 
that  there's  always  been  this  mixture  of 
public  response  to  alcohol  problems.  On 
the  one  hand,  there's  a  focused  response  to 
the  problems  themselves,  on  people  who 
are  public  drunks  or  routinely  drinking  to 
excess  and  the  various  problems  that  intox- 
ication causes.  The  other  approach  is  to 
restrict  the  availability  of  alcohol  generally 
through  taxes  and  regulations  and  prohibi- 
tions of  various  kinds. 

The  most  famous,  or  infamous,  approach  was 
Prohibition.  Why  didn't  Prohibition  work? 

While  there  was  broad  support  for  Prohibi- 
tion, neither  the  federal  government  nor 
the  state  governments  focused  any  re- 
sources on  enforcing  it.  And  so  people  were 
able  to  get  their  drinks  during  the  Prohibi- 
tion, albeit  with  a  good  deal  of  criminal 
enterprise  involved.  That's  one  account  of 
what  was  happening. 

But  the  other  thing  to  be  said  is  that  it 
was  successful  [in  some  ways].  Obviously,  it 
was  a  political  failure.  Obviously,  it  created 
a  lot  of  criminal  activity.  But  the  fact  was 
that  people  drank  a  lot  less  during  the 
1920s  than  they  would  have  if  there  had 
been  no  Prohibition. 

That's  not  the  story  usually  told. 

Alcohol  prices  were  much  higher  as  a  result 
of  the  fact  that  it  was  illegal.  But  the  upper 
crust  was  able  to  pay  the  extra  cost  of  ille- 


gal liquor.  One  account  I  read  in  a  social- 
history  journal  was  that  the  reporters  then, 
as  now,  were  focused  on  the  elites.  So  it  was 
true  that  if  your  focus  was  on  the  Yale  cam- 
pus, for  example,  you  didn't  see  people 
drinking  less.  You  may  well  have  seen  them 
drinking  more.  It  was  the  flapper  era.  It  was 
the  era  when  people  were  carrying  hip 
flasks  and  women  started  to  drink,  which 
they  hadn't  done  before.  The  "Roaring 
Twenties"  effect  produced  a  lot  of  drinking 
at  the  high  end. 

But  if  you  went  out  to  Iowa  and  said, 
What  are  the  farmers  doing?. .  .the  answer 
was,  they  were  drinking  a  lot  less.  The 
same  for  the  factory  workers,  the  ordinary 
people.  Social  workers  at  the  time  around 
the  country  were  reporting  many  fewer 
problems  with  alcohol  than  had  occurred 
previously. 

What  lessons  can  those  who  are  working  on 
alcohol  policy  now  take  from  that  success? 

That  was  the  question,  interestingly 
enough,  that  was  the  focus  during  the 
Repeal  effort,  led  by  John  D.  Rockefeller  Jr. 
He  took  a  personal  interest  in  this  because 
he  and  his  friends  were  angry  about  the  fact 
that  they  were  paying  income  taxes.  They 
remembered  the  good  old  days,  when  it 
was  actually  the  liquor  tax  that  was  financ- 
ing the  federal  government  to  a  very  large 
extent.  So  Rockefeller  personally  financed 
a  very  systematic  and  sophisticated  study 
of  what  sort  of  alcohol-control  system 
should  be  put  in  place  once  Prohibition 
was  repealed. 

People  who  do  research  in  my  tradition 
often  get  called  "Neo-Prohibitionists,"  but 
actually  that's  bad  history.  We  are  much 
more  reflecting  back  to  that  1930s  era  effort 
to  create  alcoholic-beverage  control  follow- 
ing the  repeal  of  Prohibition.  The  lesson  [of 
Prohibition]  is  not  that  you  can't  "legislate 
morality,"  which  is  often  the  way  it's  put. 
You  can  legislate  morality.  You  can  influ- 
ence the  amount  of  drinking  or  smoking  or 
drug  abuse  by  raising  prices  and  limiting 
availability.  Those  commodities  are  not 
unique  or  unusual.  They  follow  the  same 
laws  of  economics  that  all  the  others  do. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


urprising  that  those  \ 

Not  to  me,  but  I  think  that  it's  generally 
ignored  in  the  public  discussion.  One  of 
the  interesting  things  is  that  it  used  to  be 
denied  in  the  area  of  tobacco  control  and 
now  it's  been  embraced.  All  of  the  state 
legislatures  express  their  belief  that  higher 
taxes  are  a  good  thing  because  they  keep 
kids  from  starting  to  smoke  and  encourage 
smokers  to  quit.  Evidence  in  support  of 
the  fact  that  higher  taxes  on  tobacco 
reduce  smoking  is  no  stronger  [than  evi- 
dence] that  raising  taxes  on  alcohol  reduces 
excess  drinking. 


What  about  for  alcoholics? 

Alcoholism  became  the  focus  of  attention 
thanks  to  Alcoholics  Anonymous,  which 
was  started  in  the  1930s  and  emerged  as 
probably  the  most  successful  self-help 
organization  in  history.  But  there  is  this 
interesting  debate  over  whether  its  view  of 
losing  control  is  really  an  accurate  charac- 
terization of  what  it  means  to  be  alcoholic. 
I've  been  fascinated  by  the  experiments 


that  have  been  done  in 
patient  clinics  with  alco- 
holics, which  suggest  that  in 
a  certain  sense,  they  haven't 
lost  control,  and  if  you  put  a 
price  on  their  drinking,  an 
immediate  price,  then  they 
are  as  responsive  as  anybody 
else.  My  own  research  sug- 
gests that  when  you  raise  prices,  it  cuts  in 
to  the  cirrhosis  fatality  rate,  cirrhosis  being 
a  marker  for  alcoholism  long-term.  But  the 
much  more  important  point  here  is  that 
alcoholism  is  not  the  whole  story,  that  a  lot 
of  the  alcohol-related  problems  are  outside 
of  the  scope  of  alcoholism. 

What  is  the  current  state  of  the  public 
discussion  on  drinking? 

For  a  long  time,  it  has  focused  on  drunk 
driving  and  on  underage  drinking.  The 
conversation  about  alcohol-related  prob- 
lems, under  the  leadership  of  Mothers 
Against  Drunk  Driving  and  other  organiza- 
tions like  that,  got  galvanized  and  focused 
around  the  safety  issue,  highway  safety. 


And  it's  been  very  success- 
ful in  that  respect.  That's 
why  we  had  this  national 
twenty-one-year-old  mini- 
mum drinking  age.  That's 
why  we  have  a  graduated 
icense.  And  that's  why  we 
have  greatly  strengthened 
penalties  for  DUI.  These 
days  all  the  states  have  the  zero-tolerance 
law,  so  that  kids  who  get  caught  with  more 
than  a  negligible  fraction  of  alcohol  in 
their  blood  can  lose  their  license.  That's 
been  very  effective.  It  even  has  cut  down 
on  [all]  drinking  among  teenagers. 

Alcohol  doesn't  feel  like  a  crisis;  it's 
been  with  us  forever.  It's  endemic.  It's 
something  we're  all  used  to.  Often  people 
get  more  excited  about  the  latest  drug  of 
abuse,  methamphetamine  or  whatever  it  is. 
But  the  prevalent  source  of  drug- related 
trouble  in  the  U.S.  is  alcohol.  And  I  think 
that  it  deserves  more  attention  than  it's 
getting  right  now. 

— Jacob  Dagger 
September -October  2007         31 


a  fcera  m 


»*"»tt  .  V 


&  ' 


,4  /%        / 


BY  ROBERT  J.  BLIWISE 

Can  a  "commonsense,  concise, 
and  useful"  theory  predict  the 
shape  of  things  that  are  and  the 
shape  of  things  to  come? 


Going 

Withlhe 

Flow 


Biologists  and  physicists  are  describing  what 
nature  is  and  how  it  works.  Engineers  describe  how 
a  system  changes  its  configuration  in  time  so  that 
its  global  performance  improves. 


M 


anhattan  is  all  about  movement. 
This  summer  the  Museum  of 
Modern  Art  mounted  a  retro- 
spective of  the  work  of  Richard 
Serra,  who  crafts  enormous  plates  of  steel 
into  sculptures.  When  you  enter  one  of  the 
spiraling  shapes,  you're  led  to  no  visible  des- 
tination; the  tilted  walls  sometimes  open  up 
invitingly,  sometimes  close  in  claustropho- 
bically.  This  is  a  museum  encounter  that 


leaves  or  like  a  river's  tributaries.  In  a  book 
published  by  Cambridge  University  Press  in 
2000,  Shape  and  Structure,  From  Engineering 
to  Nature,  Bejan  found  parallels  between 
engineering  principles  and  mechanisms  in 
natural  flow  systems.  An  optimal  engineer- 
ing system,  he  argued,  hinges  on  the  ability 
to  minimize  all  the  resistances  to  internal 
flows — whether  those  are  the  flows  of  heat, 
fluid,  or  electricity. 


UllillHIMUHMi  IU1IIIU1IIIH 

Muni!  mmmi  iihiiiiihu 


iiMiiiiiiii  MMHffl  \wm\r 


iiHiHii  iiiiiiuiiiil  Iuhiiihi  iiiiiiiiiii  iiiuiiiiiu1  mmmmii  i 


Vascularized  design:  Rectilinear  representation  of  optimal  flow  in  areas  as  various  as  biological  tissues  and 
microelectronics.  Red  and  blue  channels  alternately  collect  from  and  discharge  into  the  yellow  interstices 


demands  not  just  observation  but  experi- 
ence— the  experience  of  merging  into  a 
crowd  as  it  flows  through  a  work  of  art. 

A  couple  of  blocks  up  from  the  exhibit, 
along  Columbus  Circle,  the  preoccupation 
is  with  the  art  of  efficient  customer  flow. 
There,  Whole  Foods,  the  gourmet  super- 
market, has  abandoned  separate  checkout 
lines,  including  those  that  turn  out  to  be 
inevitably  and  annoyingly  slow-moving,  in 
favor  of  a  single,  serpentine  line.  As  soon  as 
a  cash  register  becomes  available,  the  next 
customer  is  summoned.  In  a  front-page  arti- 
cle, The  New  York  Times  called  the  process 
an  emblem  of  "queue  management." 

Wherever  a  flow  system  is  involved, 
Adrian  Bejan  has  something  to  say  about  it. 
A  decade  ago,  Bejan,  J. A.  Jones  Professor  of 
mechanical  engineering,  coined  the  term 
"constructal  theory,"  originally  as  an  idea 
applied  to  thermodynamics.  How  might 
heat  be  dispersed  in  small  electrical  devices, 
he  wondered,  so  they  wouldn't  burn  up?  He 
found  that  in  many  cases,  the  answer  is  to 
let  the  heat  spread  out  like  a  tree's  limbs  and 


Writing  in  the  January  2006  International 
Journal  of  Heat  and  Mass  Transfer,  Bejan  and 
geophysicist  A.  Heitor  Reiss  of  the  Univer- 
sity of  Evora  in  Portugal  turned  to  construc- 
tal thinking  in  an  audacious  application  of 
the  theory.  They  wanted  to  predict  the  cli- 
mate, the  large-scale  movement  of  air  that 
distributes  heat  on  the  surface  of  the  Earth 
— the  grandest  of  all  flow  systems.  "Nothing 
flows  ideally,"  Bejan  says.  "Every  flow  sys- 
tem is  destined  to  remain  imperfect.  The 
struggle  of  nature  is  to  be  the  least  imperfect 
it  can  be." 

From  thermodynamics,  constructal  theo- 
ry has  morphed  into  a  theory  of  pretty  much 
everything,  natural  or  manmade.  Bejan  says 
it  unites  physics  with  Darwinian  evolution. 
According  to  the  theory,  if  free  to  do  so,  a 
flow  system — a  river  basin,  a  blood  stream, 
or  city  traffic — will  evince  a  pattern  that 
allows  for  optimal  movement. 

That's  also  true  of  things  that  fly,  run,  and 
swim.  To  fly  at  optimal  speed  is  to  strike  a 
balance  between  the  vertical  and  horizontal 
loss  of  energy,  says  Bejan.  "The  bird  is  basi- 


cally a  falling  body,  a  rock.  In  every  time 
interval  that  the  bird  falls,  the  bird  has  two 
jobs.  One  is  to  lift  itself  vertically  back  to 
where  it  was.  But  it  also  has  to  advance  hor- 
izontally, which  means  it  has  to  overcome 
drag.  When  the  cruising  is  fast,  it  takes  a  lit- 
tle work  to  lift  itself  up.  But  it  takes  a  lot  of 
work  to  go  forward.  Once  you  put  your  fin- 
ger on  that,  you  know  the  optimal  flapping 
frequency  for  the  wings."  Larger  birds,  then, 
fly  faster  and  flap  their  wings  less  frequently, 
though  with  greater  force. 

The  same  tasks  are  demanded  of  a  run- 
ning or  a  swimming  animal.  And  the  same 
mechanisms  that  produce  flying  efficiency 
produce  efficiency  in  runners  and  swimmers. 
"The  runner  has  to  get  off  the  ground,  which 
is  vertical  work.  And  then  the  runner  has  to 
advance  against  the  horizontal  ground  and 
air  friction;  at  higher  speeds,  the  gazelle  or 
the  cheetah  struggles  mightily  against  drag." 
In  Bejan's  view,  all  forms  of  locomotion, 
managing  as  they  do  to  surmount  obstacles 
in  physics  through  a  balancing  act  of  good 
design,  are  essentially  identical.  And  that 
fact  illustrates  the  presence  of  a  universal 
principle. 

"People  didn't  copy  a  bird  to  make  an  air- 
plane. They  tried  all  sorts  of  shapes,  and  are 
still  trying.  And,  as  it  turns  out,  the  ones  that 
are  better  and  better  look  more  and  more 
birdlike." 

At  a  constructal-theory  conference  held 
at  Duke  this  past  spring,  a  mathematician 
gave  a  presentation  that  considered  a  dog 
with  a  seeming  capacity  to  calculate  in  con- 
structal terms.  That  capacity  actually  is  an 
aspect  of  survival:  When  a  lion  is  going  to 
chase  down  an  antelope,  or  when  that  dog 
is  going  to  retrieve  a  stick  thrown  from  a 
lakeside  beach  into  the  water,  it  has  to  cal- 
culate precisely  the  most  efficient  way  to 
perform  the  feat,  given  its  properties  of  lo- 
comotion. So  the  dog  doesn't  make  a 
direct-line  approach;  at  some  point,  it  dash- 
es into  the  water  and  swims  at  an  angle  to- 
ward the  stick.  The  dog  finds  the  optimal 
path  to  retrieving  its  object. 

In  a  book  published  this  year,  Constructal 
Theory  of  Social  Dynamics  (Springer  Science+ 
Business  Media),  Bejan  and  his  co-editor, 
Gilbert  W  Merkx,  a  sociologist  and  the  vice 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


3.  .A  :SL±I 


AAA4M 


&^|f*"    . 


Comparative  studies: 
Constructal  theory 
applies  to  leaves,  river 
deltas,  and  an  urban 
center,  opening  pages, 
as  well  as  to  human 
movement  and  trans- 
portation hubs  like  the 
Atlanta  airport,  left 


provost  for  international  affairs  at  Duke,  take 
the  theory  across  new  intellectual  bound- 
aries. In  the  book's  preface,  Bejan  and  Merkx 
declare  that  the  theory  is  so  "commonsense, 
concise,  and  useful"  that  it  applies  to  the 
social  sciences,  as  well  as  to  engineering  sci- 
ence. Merkx  contributed  a  chapter  on  "Con- 
structal Models  in  Social  Processes."  Duke 
colleagues  Kenneth  Manton  A.M.  71,  Ph.D. 
74,  Kenneth  Land,  and  Eric  Stallard  wrote 
on  "Human  Aging  and  Mortality";  Edward 
Tiryakian  on  "Sociology  Theory,  Constructal 
Theory,  and  Globalization";  and  John  Stad- 
don  on  "Is  Animal  Learning  Optimal?" 

Merkx,  in  his  chapter,  scrutinizes  Mexi- 
can migration  to  the  United  States.  The 
migration  stream  began  to  develop  rapidly 
with  World  War  II,  he  points  out,  when  the 
U.S.  responded  to  labor  shortages  by  re- 
cruiting Mexicans.  Originally,  labor  would 
flow  north  over  the  border  for  planting  and 
harvest,  and  flow  back  over  the  border  in  the 
offseasons.  Merkx  argues  that  as  the  U.S. 
clamped  down  on  the  natural  flow  system — 
that  is,  the  move  across  borders,  including 
the  easy  flow  of  Mexicans  back  to  their  home 
country — the  system  lost  its  efficiency. 

"There  will  be  less  flow  through  big  chan- 
nels," he  says.  "But  the  flow  of  people  will 
still  leak  through  in  other  ways,  and  they 
won't  go  back,  because  the  transaction  costs 
are  so  high.  That  means  they  want  to  bring 
their  families  over,  too,  so  you're  actually 
moving  more  people  and  creating  more  and 
more  of  a  one-way  flow  by  closing  the  bor- 
der. Another  effect  is,  once  the  border  is 
sealed,  you  begin  to  see  this  sort  of  washing- 
through  effect:  The  population  spreads  out 
and  disperses  beyond  border  areas  to  places 
like  New  England  and  North  Carolina." 

Having  grown  up  in  Venezuela,  Merkx 
came  with  his  family  to  the  U.S.  when  he 
was  eleven.  His  childhood  across  borders, 


jM    ml 

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k 

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A 

; 

Merkx:  studying  human  migratior 

i  as  a  natural  flow  system 

September -October  2007 


Physics  at  work:  If  free  to  do  so,  a  flow  system- 
including  a  river,  a  leaf,  and  lungs-will  evince 
a  pattern  that  allows  for  optimal  movement 


he  says,  "gave  me  a  lifelong  interest  in  viewing 
things  from  a  comparative  perspective."  As 
a  Harvard  undergraduate,  he  studied  both 
sociology  and  cultural  anthropology,  which 
whetted  his  appetite  for  understanding  so- 
cial processes.  The  sociology  department  at 
Harvard  at  the  time  was  led  by  Talcott  Par- 
sons, who  was  committed  to  uncovering  "pat- 
tern variables,"  the  basic  attributes  or  prop- 
erties that  characterize  all  social  systems. 

Merkx  first  met  his  constructal-theory 
co-editor  in  the  fall  of  2003,  when  Bejan 
was  appointed  to  the  Provost's  Interna- 
tional Advisory  Committee,  which  Merkx 
chairs.  Bejan  later  asked  Merkx  for  travel 
support  for  a  research  trip  to  Eastern  Eu- 
rope. After  the  trip,  the  two  came  together 
for  lunch,  and  Bejan  talked  about  his  theo- 
ry, sketching  fot  Merkx  trees  and  rivers  with 
their  patterns  of  channels  extending  from 


delta  shapes.  Those  images,  Merkx  recalls, 
mirrored  familiar  patterns  in  the  social  sci- 
ences. "I've  always  had  a  kind  of  system 
approach,"  he  says.  "I  see  countries  as  sys- 
tems. And  sometimes  if  the  system  is  not 
functioning  well,  then  it  breaks  down,  the 
same  way  a  flow  system  can  break  down 
when  it  has  too  many  obstacles." 

The  theory's  inventor,  Bejan,  has  faced 
his  own  obstacles  as  an  engineer  with  a  the- 
oretical bent.  "To  me,  engineering  is  a  sci- 
ence, and  on  this  I  fight  with  everybody," 
he  says.  "I  want  respect  for  engineering  sci- 
ence. Engineering  is  not  something  that 
you  tinker  with  in  a  shop,  sell,  and  make 
money.  That  is  technician  work.  Engine- 
ering is  a  mental  viewing,  it  is  ideas,  it  is 
rare  and  noble,  just  like  frontier  physics  or 
biology." 

Bejan  has  long  been  enamored  of  pat- 


terns— and  freedom  of  movement.  After  all, 
he  says,  science  seeks  deterministic  princi- 
ples in  a  world  seemingly  ruled  by  chance 
events.  And  scientists  insist  on  the  freedom 
to  question,  overturn,  and  invent  those 
principles. 

He  grew  up  enduring  the  restricted  pat- 
terns of  Communist  Romania.  His  father,  a 
veterinarian,  had  been  imprisoned  with  the 
beginning  of  Communist  rule  in  1948,  and 
his  mother,  a  pharmacist,  similarly  "disap- 
peared" for  a  time  ten  years  later.  Beginning 
a  in  third  grade,  Bejan  took  afterschool  draw- 
8  ing  and  painting  lessons  at  a  fine-arts 
|  school;  there,  as  he  puts  it,  he  "learned  the 
|  language  of  patterns." 
s     But  basketball  competed  with  art  for  his 
attention.  He  was  exposed  to  the  sport  first 
as  a  ball  boy  at  a  local  sports  arena.  In  high 
school,  he  was  a  starting  player  in  a  profes- 
sional league:  He  jokes,  "Moi,  LeBron  James!" 
After  graduating  from  high  school,   he 
enrolled  at  the  Galati  Polytechnic  Univer- 
sity, in  part  to  continue  playing  basketball 
in  national  competition  at  the  highest 
level:  Galati  had  a  team  in  the  top  league. 

Basketball,  a  flow  system  in  its  own  way, 
is  always  with  him,  Bejan  says;  at  Duke's 
faculty  club,  he  can  be  seen  practicing  the 
flow  of  the  game,  dribbling,  pivoting,  and 
shooting.  When,  in  his  schoolboy  days,  his 
basketball  coach  was  asked  about  producing 
a  great  shooter,  he  would  reply  that  his 
interest  was  in  producing  a  great  passer.  The 
game  fundamentally  is  about  moving  the 
ball,  and  that  imperative  involves,  moment 
by  moment,  choosing  the  more  efficient 
scoring  path.  "My  coach  taught  that  when 
you  see  a  good  opening,  pass  the  ball.  Or,  if 
you  don't  see  the  opening,  give  it  to  a  guy 
who  knows  how  to  dribble. 

"The  playing  field  is  like  vascularized 
muscle  and  arterial  blood  flow.  The  players 
are  milling  around  in  order  to  create  pores 
for  all  these  possible  paths.  And  a  good 
team  puts  the  ball  in  the  right  channels — 
the  right  channels  over  space  and  time." 

Then,  in  a  reaction  to  the  Prague  Spring 
of  1968,  a  current  of  liberalization  that 
swept  briefly  through  Eastern  Europe,  Ro- 
mania's Education  Ministry  offered  scholar- 
ships for  study  in  the  West.  On  the  basis  of  a 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


From  thermodynamics,  constructal  theory  has 
morphed  into  a  theory  of  pretty  much  every- 
thing, natural  or  manmade.  Bejan  says  it  unites 
physics  with  Darwinian  evolution. 


Fish  in  motion:  Swimming, 

and  running,  involves  striking  a  balance 

between  the  vertical  and  horizontal 

loss  of  energy 


competitive  exam,  Bejan  earned  one  of  the 
half-dozen  places. 

He  enrolled  at  the  Massachusetts  Insti- 
tute of  Technology;  it  was  the  only  school 
that  Romanian  authorities  allowed  him  to 
apply  to.  As  a  freshman  he  took  a  strength- 
of-materials  course,  in  which  he  learned 
how  to  calculate  the  maximum  stress  that  a 
beam  could  accommodate.  "I  said  to  myself, 
this  is  amazing,"  he  recalls.  "I  know  what 
will  happen  to  something  without  having 
to  build  it  and  test  it."  He  had  discovered 
the  power  of  theory.  The  next  year,  he  took 
a  class  quiz  that  required  predicting  how  a 
machining  process  would  produce  chips  off 
a  chunk  of  metal.  It  was  the  first  time  as  a 
college  student,  he  says,  that  he  was  encour- 
aged to  be  an  original  thinker — a  quality,  he 
adds,  that  he  encourages  in  his  own  classes. 

Bejan  refused  to  return  to  Romania  after 
graduation,  instead  accepting  an  offer  to 
continue  work  at  MIT  toward  his  doctorate. 
In  the  eyes  of  the  government,  he  wasn't 
just  a  defector  but  a  traitor  as  well.  At  his 
old  high  school,  posters  went  up  identifying 
him  as  an  example  to  be  avoided. 


"Constructal  theory  shows  that  freedom  is 
good  for  design,"  he  says.  "Also  freedom  to 
morph  is  good  for  design."  A  political  system 
— like  an  engineering  system  or  a  natural 
system — has  to  be  self-correcting  to  endure. 
Freedom,  in  the  realms  of  politics  and  eco- 
nomics, nurtures  networks  that  are  effi- 
cient, including  networks  for  encouraging 
creativity  and  for  maximizing  profits.  That's 
why  democracy  has  staying  power,  he  says. 

Outside  his  office  in  the  Pratt  School  of 
Engineering,  Bejan  displays  a  quote  from 
Plato:  "Let  no  one  untrained  in  geometry 
enter  my  house."  Inside,  on  one  wall,  he  has 
certificates  grouped  according  to  a  strict  pat- 
tern: on  the  left,  awards  from  professional 
societies;  on  the  right,  fifteen  honorary  de- 
grees, clustered  geographically,  from  Wes- 
tern to  Eastern  Europe.  On  another  wall  is  a 
seascape  he  did  in  grade  school  and  his  in- 
tricately rendered,  multiple-perspective  pro- 
jections of  a  kite,  from  his  polytechnic  days. 

Within  Pratt,  Bejan  is  considered  an  icon- 
oclast— and  a  maverick.  In  the  preface  to 
his  earlier  book,  he  repeats  a  lesson  about 
academic  colleagues  he  learned  from  one  of 


his  former  MIT  professors.  The  lesson  came  in 
the  form  of  an  insight  from  Sancho  Panza, 
loyal  servant  to  Don  Quixote:  The  windmills 
hit  his  master  just  as  hard  as  he  hit  them. 

Beyond  the  campus,  too,  Bejan  is  regarded 
as  an  unconventional  thinker — though  he's 
succeeded  at  working  with  other  unconven- 
tional thinkers,  including  Sylvie  Lorente, 
professor  of  civil  engineering  at  the  Na- 
tional Institute  of  Applied  Sciences  in  Tou- 
louse, France.  Lorente,  with  Bejan,  helped 
develop  a  Duke  mechanical-engineering 
course  on  constructal  theory. 

This  summer,  Bejan  traveled  to  Portugal 
for  an  international  constructal-theory  con- 
ference, which  drew  more  than  100  physi- 
cists, biophysicists,  and  engineers.  On  a  Paris 
stopover,  he  met  with  other  groups  of  con- 
structal-theory enthusiasts.  Some  special- 
ized scientific  journals,  he  laments,  haven't 


September -October  2007 


37 


City  systems:  Over  time,  streets  become  wider  and  longer  as  evolving  transportation  technologies  make  it  possible  to  go  farther,  faster.  Here,  aerial  view  of  I 


n,  1851 


been  quick  to  publish  his  work  because  en- 
gineers don't  often  have  status  outside  the 
engineering  profession — even  as,  to  some 
engineers,  theory-powered  thinking  doesn't 
do  much  to  confer  status.  Still,  a  decade  ago, 
he  was  awarded  the  Worcester  Reed  War- 
ner Medal  from  the  American  Society  of 
Mechanical  Engineering  International.  The 
medal  goes  to  one  individual  each  year  in 
recognition  of  "outstanding  contribution  to 
the  permanent  literature  of  engineering."  In 
Bejan's  case,  it  honored  "his  originality,  chal- 
lenges to  orthodoxy,  and  impact  on  engi- 
neering thermodynamics  and  heat  transfer." 

Today,  he  says  he  maintains  the  drive  to 
create  that  comes  from  being  an  outsider. 
"I  feel  I  have  to  prove  myself.  I  feel  that 
every  day." 

Bejan  is  quick  with  the  constructal  quip, 
referring  to  animals,  in  constructal  terms,  as 
"walking  trees,"  including  terms  like  "svelte- 
ness"  in  the  technical  diagrams  he  shares 
with  visitors,  and  declaring  that  "the  future 
belongs  to  the  vascularized"  (a  saying  he 
borrowed  from  his  collaborator  Lorente). 
For  all  his  enthusiasm,  he  has  confronted 
questions  about  the  novelty  of  a  concept 
linking  the  shapes  of  systems  with  their  other 
properties.  An  anonymous  posting  on  a 
physics  website,  for  example,  declared  that 
"The  idea  of  deriving  outcomes  of  (biologi- 
cal, astronomical,  other)  systems  based  on 
the  simple  laws  that  govern  them  is  gor- 
geous, necessary,  and  very,  very  old."  But  Be- 
jan says  that  what  makes  the  theory  "dan- 
gerous," or  the  observations  embedded  in 


the  theory  seemingly  old,  is  the  harking 
back  to  engineering  as  a  scientific  pursuit. 
What  a  theory  can  do,  he  adds,  is  to  tie  to- 
gether seemingly  random  observations  into 
a  grand  package,  or  to  reveal  the  pattern 
that's  not  apparent. 

And  those  patterns  are  everywhere,  in- 
cluding human  creations  like  street  blocks 
and  airports.  Merkx,  Bejan's  co-editor  on 
the  new  book,  observes  that  a  well-laid-out 
block  or  a  well-planned  airport,  like  Atlan- 
ta's, minimizes  the  average  time,  effort,  and 
energy  expended  for  a  traveler  between  each 
mode  of  travel.  "Different  block  lengths  and 
house  heights  and  sizes  also  evolve  to  mini- 
mize the  time  required  for  the  average  trav- 
eler from  point  to  point,"  he  says.  If  walking 
is  the  primary  mode,  as  it  would  have  been 
in  the  time  before  cars  ruled  the  roadways, 
streets  can  be  relatively  narrow,  and  houses 
will  not  be  too  deep  nor  have  many  stories. 

"Let's  say  you  add  the  horse  and  buggy, 
plus  walking.  Then  streets  must  be  wider  and 
blocks  longer,  but  houses  will  remain  not 
too  large  or  high.  If  you  add  a  slow  elevator 
to  the  mix,  then  houses  can  efficiently  rise 
in  height  without  sacrificing  time.  If  you 
add  cars  and  high-speed  elevators  instead  of 
buggies,  blocks  can  get  longer  and  buildings 
much  taller,  with  the  same  time  efficiency. 
But  the  speed  of  walking  does  not  change. 
Therefore,  the  buildings  tend  to  go  higher 
more  rapidly  than  they  get  wider  or  deeper, 
because  the  time  required  for  walking  limits 
the  horizontal  distances." 

As  Merkx  sees  it,  the  Pentagon,  with  its 


endless  horizontal  corridors  and  modest  ver- 
tical scale,  is  a  case  study  of  inefficient  flow. 
(According  to  a  new  history  of  the  Pentagon, 
the  five-sided  plan  conformed  to  the  shape 
of  the  plot  of  land,  while  the  low  height  of 
the  building  was  meant  to  keep  it  in  harmony 
with  the  low  Washington  skyline.)  "If  you 
want  to  have  a  building  that  is  really  huge 
in  terms  of  the  horizontal  dimensions,  like 
an  airport  terminal,  then  you  have  to  put  in 
high-speed  people-movers,  like  trams,  to  min- 
imize the  time  or  maximize  the  efficiency." 

In  constructal  terms,  is  language  a  high- 
speed ideas-mover?  That  was  the  research 
starting  point  for  Cyrus  Amoozegar,  a  for- 
mer student  of  Bejan's  who  is  a  Duke  senior 
majoring  in  biomedical  engineering  and 
mechanical  engineering  and  with  minors  in 
chemistry  and  Chinese.  In  a  chapter  he  con- 
tributed to  the  book,  he  examines  the  flow 
paths  of  modern  languages  and  two  of  the 
earliest  languages,  ancient  Egyptian  and 
Chinese. 

"Through  time,  written  language  devel- 
ops a  set  of  pieces  from  which  the  most  basic 
ideas  are  constructed,"  he  says.  "In  English, 
these  pieces  are  the  alphabet.  The  forms  and 
uses  of  these  pieces  change  through  time  so 
that  they  are  easy  enough  to  remember  but 
complex  enough  to  be  distinguishable  from 
one  another  and  numerous  enough  so  that 
ideas  can  be  conveyed  easily." 

According  to  constructal  theory,  a  writ- 
ten language  evolves  to  "connect"  better  to 
the  masses,  even  as  it's  able  to  provide  a 
more  accurate  description  of  the  world.  If 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


"I  see  countries  as  systems,"  Merkx  says.  "If  the 
system  is  not  functioning  well,  then  it  breaks  down, 
the  same  way  a  flow  system  can  break  down  when 
it  has  too  many  obstacles." 


the  elements  that  constitute  a  language  are 
complicated,  the  language  will  take  too  long 
to  write  and  will  be  more  difficult  to  re- 
member. The  global  resistance  will  in- 
crease. On  the  other  hand,  if  the  language 
elements  are  too  simple,  the  users  of  the 
language  will  lack  precision.  The  meaning 
of  words  will  be  misconstrued.  The  natural 
evolution  of  written  language,  then,  must 
head  for  a  balance  between  the  complicated 
and  the  simple. 

With  interests  in  history  and  engineer- 
ing, another  former  student,  Gideon  Wein- 
erth  '07,  wrote  a  term  paper  in  Bejan  and 
Lorente's  course  applying  constructal  theo- 
ry to  ancient  warfare.  Weinerth  says  that 
warfare  can  be  understood,  after  all,  in  terms 
of  flow  systems.  The  Greek  phalanx,  for  ex- 


Constructal  theory  in  practice: 

Atlanta's  airport  is  designed  to 

limize  passenger  time  in  getting 

from  point  to  point 


ample,  would  maximize  its  effectiveness  by 
taking  on  the  same  shape  that  Bejan  no- 
ticed in  riverbeds,  that  is,  a  semi-circle.  A 
deeper  phalanx  of  soldiers  offered  more 
pushing  power  than  a  narrow  formation. 
But  in  making  its  flanks  wider  and  thinner, 
a  phalanx  could  build  a  strong  defense. 
Those  two  actions  would  be  at  cross-pur- 
poses, so  the  idea  was  to  find  the  perfect 
geometric  balance.  By  the  Roman  period, 
the  phalanx  had  been  reorganized  into  an 
independent,  highly  mobile,  and  rapidly 
adjustable  unit.  "This  is  simply  a  validation 
of  the  freedom  of  design  providing  advan- 
tages in  efficiency,"  Weinerth  writes. 

In  class  Bejan  compared  the  optimization 
of  the  material  in  a  cantilevered  beam  de- 
signed by  Galileo  with  how  the  Roman 


tt       ft       tt       tt       tt 


army  maximized  the  strength  of  all  of  its 
soldiers.  By  that  account,  Galileo  was  un- 
consciously a  constructal  theorist.  The  class 
discussion  "began  to  tip  me  off  to  possible 
avenues  for  investigation,"  Weinerth  re- 
calls. He  says  he  was  surprised  to  find  that 
studies  of  military  strategy  have  been  largely 
devoid  of  references  to  math  or  physics. 

Today  Bejan  is  interested  in  linking  con- 
structal theory  and  another  sort  of  global 
phenomenon,  higher  education.  Univer- 
sities always  have  been  a  morphing  flow  sys- 
tem, he  says.  Through  the  centuries,  ideas, 
and  the  people  who  generate  them,  have 
moved  through  channels  from  centers  of 
learning  in  Bologna,  then  Padua,  then  Paris, 
then  the  United  Kingdom,  now  the  U.S. 
Those  channels  may  swell  or  shrink,  and 
the  nodules — the  learning  centers — along 
the  channels  may  grow  or  diminish  in  im- 
portance. But,  as  in  any  effective  flow  sys- 
tem, the  hierarchy  remains  essentially  fixed 
and  recognizable. 

Bejan  worries  that  engineering  itself  may 
be  too  fixed  and  recognizable  for  its  own 
good;  and  part  of  his  crusade  is  to  get  the 
profession  to  think  in  grander  terms.  In  his 
earlier  book,  he  observes  that 
engineering  "ranks  either 
low  or  not  at  all  on  the  lad- 
der of  respect."  He  adds,  "Bio- 
logists and  physicists  are  de- 
scribing what  nature  is  and 
how  it  works.  What  do  en- 
gineers bring  to  this  appar- 
ently full  table?  Engineers  de- 
scribe how  a  system  changes 
its  configuration  in  time  so 
that  its  global  performance 
improves." 

With  figures  like  Gustave 

Eiffel  and  Leonardo  da  Vinci 

as  his  models,  he  suggests 

that  engineers  can  blur  the 

lines  between  the  natural 

and  the  artificial,  that  they 

can  define  the  theoretical 

agenda  for  the  life  sciences. 

It's  just  a  matter  of  going 

|  with  the  flow  of  good  ideas 

S  — or  against  the  flow  of  con- 

1  ventional  thinking.  ■ 


September -October  2007 


It's  Really  About  the  Music 


-Y  DARNOFA1 


The  Duke  University  String  School,  led  by  Dorothy  Kitchen, 

has  been  introducing  young  people  to  the  joys  of  the  violin,  viola, 

cello,  and  bass  for  four  decades. 


— ~^ 


our  little  hoys  with 
violins  crowd  onto 
stage  Left,  forming  a  tight 
defensive  phalanx,  and  the 
three  young  women  who  rise  to 
play  alongside  them  whisper  to  them 
to  spread  out.  The  tune  is  Dorothy 
Kitchen's  "Hiding  Song."  The  tiniest  mu- 
sician, who  plays  a  quarter-size  violin,  fol- 
lows with  a  solo  on  "Pop!  Goes  the  Weasel." 
Yards  away,  looking  enisled  at  center  stage, 


"This  school  has  seen  thousands  of  peo- 
ple go  through  it,  thousands,"  says  Kitchen. 
"But  the  school  just  kind  of  happened.  It 
was  a  necessity.  When  I  came  here,  there 
was  no  string  teaching — no  string  teaching 
done  well — for  children. 

"We're  trying  to  teach  them  to  read,"  she 
continues,  "to  play  in  tune,  to  play  in  a  group, 
to  have  a  sensitivity  to  rhythm,  sensitivity 
to  pitch,  appreciation  for  sound,  and  an  ap- 
preciation for  the  group  experience." 


bow  is  practiced.  Teachers  beam.  Video  cam- 
eras roll. 

Kitchen  "demands  discipline,"  says  cellist 
and  DUSS  alumna  Brenda  Neece.  She  also 
commands  respect.  Whether  eight-year-olds 
with  twelve-inch  fiddles  or  alumni  thirty 
years  out  with  professional  careers  in  music, 
everybody  calls  the  boss  "Mrs.  Kitchen." 

Kitchen,  a  violinist  who  holds  degrees 
from  Case  Western  Reserve  and  Brandeis 
universities  and  was  associate  concertmas- 


Whether  eight-year-olds  with  twelve-inch  fiddles  or  alumni  thirty  years  out  with 


Amateur  professionals:  members  of  the  DUSS  Youth  Symphony  Orchestra, 
overleaf;  Kitchen,  conducting  center,  demands  that  her  students  approach 
music  as  a  dedicated  pursuit,  not  a  recreational  activity 


pianist  Sam  Hammond  '68,  M.T.S.  '96 — 
best  known  as  Duke's  carillonneur — accom- 
panies on  a  concert  grand. 

The  Duke  University  String  School 
(DUSS)  has  begun  its  fourth  and  last  con- 
cert of  the  spring  season,  some  six  hours  of 
performing  over  the  afternoon  and  evening 
that  mark  the  school's  fortieth  anniversary. 
These  four  decades  represent  a  signal  mile- 
stone for  the  school's  founder  and  director, 
Dorothy  Kitchen — she  of  "Hiding  Song" 
fame — and  an  invitation  to  reflect  upon  the 
future.  Yet  the  marathon  concert  is  neither 
unusual  nor  valedictory,  just  one  more 
breathing  place  on  the  long  upward  path  to 
helping  the  world  play,  and  understand, 
music. 


Kitchen  teaches  the  beginners,  like  the 
four  little  boys  who  lead  off  the  concert.  Like 
the  rest  of  DUSS  students,  "when  they  per- 
form, it's  amazing  how  well  they  do,  the 
poise,"  says  Shelley  Livingston,  assistant 
conductor  of  the  string  school's  Youth  Sym- 
phony Orchestra,  the  senior-most  group. 

Presently,  the  diminutive  but  poised 
members  of  Beginner  I  Ensemble  are  whisked 
offstage  to  make  way  for  Beginner  II  Ensem- 
ble, evenly  split  between  boys  and  girls, 
who  render  a  unison  version  of  "Camptown 
Races"  at  about  one-quarter  tempo.  Incred- 
ibly, they  are  in  tune.  Unlike  their  casually 
attired  families  in  the  audience,  the  per- 
formers are  dressed  in  dapper  white  shirts 
and  black  trousers  or  skirts.  Their  collective 


ter  of  the  Greensboro  Symphony  Orchestra 
for  fifteen  years,  launched  the  string  school 
in  1967  with  Arlene  di  Cecco,  then  of  the 
Ciompi  Quartet.  The  school  has  grown 
from  twenty-five  students  taking  private 
lessons  to  more  than  250  who  study  with 
eleven  instructors,  populate  six  orchestras 
and  at  least  ten  chamber  groups,  and  learn 
music  theory  year-round. 

And  it  was,  Kitchen  is  quick  to  add,  the 
university  affiliation  that  allowed  people  to 
take  the  school  seriously.  "The  gift  that 
Duke  gives  us  is  the  use  of  the  space,  and 
the  help  of  the  secretarial  staff  to  handle 
our  budget  and  help  us  with  employees." 
All  direct  expenses  are  covered  by  the 
school's  tuition  and  fees — along  with  grants 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


from  the  A.J.  Fletcher  Foundation  that 
enable  DUSS  to  offer  need-based  scholar- 
ships and  pursue  programs  reaching  deep 
into  the  Triangle  community,  especially 
Durham,  where  DUSS  teachers  have  of- 
fered annual  workshops.  Every  Saturday  ot 
the  academic  year,  students  pour  onto  cam- 
pus from  surrounding  areas  as  well,  including 
Chapel  Hill,  Raleigh,  Apex,  Burlington, 
Cary,  Garner,  Hillsborough,  Oxford,  and 
South  Hill,  Virginia. 


community  needs  them,  and  whatever  they 
dare,  from  the  great  Romantics  to  living 
composers.  Kitchen  sees  ensembles,  not  les- 
sons, as  the  core  of  the  school's  program. 

"There's  a  kind  of  thrill  that  comes  with 
making  music  with  someone  else,"  explains 
Jonathan  Bagg,  the  Ciompi  String  Quartet's 
violist  and  a  former  DUSS  parent  and 
coach.  "Mrs.  Kitchen  always  recognizes  that 
when  people  come  together  to  make  music, 
it's  something  that  satisfies  in  a  deep  way." 


ly  to  take  a  bow  from  the  third 
row.  But  when  the  seventy-eight 
members  of  the  formidable  In- 
termediate I  Orchestra  rise  from 
their  places  in  the  audience,  the  atmos- 
phere changes.  Coaches  and  teache 
spring  up  and  issue  commands,  chairs  are 
dragged  to  and  fro  to  accommodate  sight- 
lines,  and  the  audience  leans  forward. 

The  orchestra  features  one  of  its 
own  in  a  Haydn  concerto:  Ten- 


irofessional  careers  in  music,  everybody  calls  the  boss  "Mrs.  Kitchen. 


i 

• 

1 

*          / 

rith  bows:  violinists  Adren  Rigdjn,  left,  and! 

^  ^.      *  \ 

Daniel  Lee,  members  of  the  DUSS  Intermediate  II  Orchestra 

i 

1 

What  makes  DUSS  unusual,  says  Living- 
ston, is  "the  opportunity  to  study  a  high- 
level  repertoire.  It's  exhilarating  for  them  to 
play  challenging  music." 

"In  high  school  they  read  the  masters — 
James  Joyce,  Shakespeare,"  says  Kitchen. 
"Why  not  do  it  in  music?"  DUSS  orchestras 
are  known  for  tackling  tough  works  at  their 
four  annual  concerts,  and  today's  will  be  no 
exception.  Its  chamber-music  groups,  whose 
coaches  are  paid  primarily  though  an  en- 
dowment from  the  Dorothy  Fearing  family 
honoring  the  founder  of  the  Duke  Sym- 
phony Orchestra,  perform  at  retirement  vil- 
lages, malls,  Rotary  and  Kiwanis  meetings, 
garden  clubs,  hospital  fundraisers — wherev- 
er they  find  an  audience,  whenever  their 


*        nside  the  auditorium — its  empty 
^f^  seats  littered,  though  neatly  so,  with 
■•^  open  violin,  viola,  and  cello  cases — 
a  couple  of  hundred  parents  in  sundresses 
and  Capri  pants,   khakis  and  Hawaiian 
shirts  fan  themselves,  babies  in  strollers 
look  around  expectantly,  and  siblings  dan- 
gle bare  feet  in  the  aisles.  A  teenage  violist 
klok-kloks  by  in  noisy  heels,  conversations 
buzz  from  every  quarter,  the  doors  slam  as 
children  run  in  and  out. 

David  Ballantyne,  a  British  radio  an- 
nouncer for  WCPE,  a  local  classical  music 
station,  has  been  tapped  as  emcee  for  the 
day.  He  had  launched  the  Beginner  I  per- 
formance without  much  fanfare,  except  to 
acknowledge  Mrs.  Kitchen,  who  rose  hasti- 


year-old  Michael  Gao,  a  violinist 
in  DUSS'  most  advanced  ensem- 
ble, is  also  an  award-winning  pi- 
anist slated  to  perform  in  Carne- 
gie Hall  later  this  year.  The  reedy 
sixth-grader  crosses  the  stage  with 
his  hands  thrust  deep  in  his  pockets. 
He  has  forgotten  to  button  his  cuffs, 
which  have  been  hastily  rolled  back  out  of 
the  way.  He  is  so  physically  unprepossessing 
and  so  diminutive  behind  the  grand  piano 
that  you  find  yourself  wondering  whether 
he  can  possibly  have  the  strength  to  pull  off 
a  fortissimo. 

You  needn't  have  worried.  He  lights  into 
his  piece  with  vigor.  In  fact,  if  you  close 
your  eyes,  you  could  be  listening  to  a  much 
older  performer  with  a  sophisticated  sense 
of  nuance,  phrasing,  timbre,  and  touch.  Af- 
terward, he  bows  twice,  thrice,  accepts  a 
white  rose  with  no  evident  surprise,  shoves 
his  free  hand  into  his  pocket  and  exits  with- 
out having  made  eye  contact  with  anyone. 
He  has  forgotten  to  acknowledge  the  or- 
chestra, a  breach  of  etiquette  commensu- 
rate with  his  inexperience. 

The  slighted  orchestra  acquits  itself  with 
honor  in  Peter  Warlock's  Capriol  Suite — 
though  a  Beginner  I  violinist  has  fallen 
asleep  in  the  back  row  of  the  auditorium — 
and  there  is  a  further  distribution  of  flowers 
and  praise,  with  a  presentation  to  Kitchen 
of  a  handmade  quilt  signed  by  her  students 
and  a  public  reading  of  a  letter  of  tribute 
from  the  North  Carolina  representative  of 
the  American  String  Teachers  Association. 
Ballantyne  mistakenly  invites  audience 
members  to  head  for  a  reception  at  the 
Mary  Duke  Biddle  Music  Building,  but  the 
audience  knows  better.  There  is  in  fact  no 
time  for  a  reception,  for  the  daylong  con- 
cert is  about  to  move  into  its  second  phase: 
performances  by  nine  chamber  ensembles. 


September -October  2007 


43 


Asked  whether  she 
watches  the  teachers 
teach,  Kitchen  instantly 
responds,  "No,  I  watch 
the  students  learn." 


^ 


ask  the  kids,  always,  'Which  piece 
did  you  like  best  in  our  last  concert?'  " 
says  Kitchen,  sitting,  weeks  later,  in 

her  office  in  the  basement  of  Biddle.  She 
has  the  orator's  knack  of  building  a  sense  of 
drama  into  her  conversation  and  speaks 
with  palpable  energy  about  what  she  calls 
students'  "trajectory  of  excitement  in  music." 

"Not  just  the  excitement  of  learning,"  she 
explains,  "but  the  fact  that  music  is  a  natu- 
rally occurring  form  of  expression,  and  that 
you  learn  how  to  use  it  by  the  technique." 

Her  office  is  bursting  with  stacks  and 
racks  and  cabinets  stuffed  with  sheet  music 
("Originally  it  was  just  piles"),  old  concert 
posters,  a  watercolor  ("That's  a  picture  of 
me  teaching,  oh,  many,  many,  many  years 
ago").  It's  summer,  and  although  Saturdays 
are  a  little  quieter,  the  stacks  of  music  are 
not  gathering  any  dust.  DUSS  has  begun 
preparing  for  its  two  summer  chamber  mu- 
sic camps,  for  which  it  stopped  advertising 
years  ago  because  there  was  just  too  much 
interest.  Demand  had  to  be  controlled  by 
limiting  applications  to  those  in  the  know. 

Kitchen  describes  herself  as  partially  re- 
tired but  quickly  adds,  "I  cannot  imagine 
that  I  would  ever  stop  teaching.  I'm  happy 
with  what  I  do." 

"There's  no  next  Dorothy,"  says  DUSS 
assistant  director  Stephanie  Swisher,  direc- 
tor of  the  beginning  ensembles  and  conduc- 
tor of  the  Intermediate  II  Orchestra,  a  full- 
time  DUSS  employee  who  has  been  with 
the  school  for  twelve  years. 

One  of  the  things  that  has  made  the  pro- 
gram so  successful — and  that  will  make 
replacing  her  difficult — is  her  philosophy 
that  the  teaching  staff  should  be  given  plen- 
ty of  latitude.  "We  have  a  good  deal  of 
autonomy,"  says  Swisher.  "At  the  same  time, 
Mrs.  Kitchen's  very  helpful  in  working  with 
us,  giving  us  feedback  whenever  we  need  it. 
She's  been  a  mentor  to  me." 


"I  have  a  couple  of  really  strong  teach- 
ers," says  Kitchen,  "who  are  also  really  good 
organizers,  and  who  also  have  generosity  of 
spirit.  We've  been  trying  to  create  a  base  of 
people  who  are  interested  in  the  forward 
motion  of  the  student,  as  opposed  to  their 
forward  motion."  Asked  whether  she  watches 
the  teachers  teach,  she  instantly  responds, 
"No,  I  watch  the  students  learn."  She  is  con- 
fident that  DUSS  will  continue  if  she  ever 
retires.  "And  you  can't  say,  'Well,  it'll  be  better 
next  year,'  "  Kitchen  says.  "You  have  to  say, 
'This  is  what  I'm  going  to  do  now.'  And  so,  in 
a  way,  success  is  having  a  continued  now." 


ries,  DUSS  is  not  competitive.  The  orches- 
tras, for  example,  do  have  principal  players 
in  each  section,  but  they  rotate.  "The  peo- 
ple who  are  soloing  are  not  necessarily  gift- 
ed," explains  Kitchen.  "They  are  competent 
or  hard  working  or  interested.  When  you 
have  faith  that  they  can  come  through, 
they  come  through." 


-7* 

S  he    eve 


he  evening  concert,  featuring  the 
Intermediate  II  Orchestra  and  the  Youth 
Symphony  Orchestra,  is  festive.  A  photo 


The  school's  ongoing  success  has  led  to 
comparisons  with  conservatories.  Kitchen 
characterizes  it  as  "a  mini-conservatory 
based  on  the  New  England  Conservatory  of 
Music  model."  By  definition  that  would 
limit  it  to  the  elite,  inviting  comparison  to 
tennis  camps  where  hard-driving  parents 
send  prepubescent  prodigies  in  the  pursuit 
of  fame. 

But  there's  something  different  going  on 
here — a  sense  of  creative  tension  between 
ambition  and  fun.  "There's  no  audition 
process,"  says  Kitchen.  "If  you  want  to  study 
the  violin,  you  study."  But,  she  adds,  make 
no  mistake:  "This  is  a  school;  it's  not  a  place 
where  you're  coming  to  do  a  recreational 
activity  on  Saturday  mornings.  Our  primary 
purpose  is  not  enjoyment.  It's  learning." 

Unlike  the  vast  majority  of  conservato- 


collage  and  poster  in  the  lobby  proclaims 
"Mrs.  Kitchen/DUSS  40th  Anniversary!" 
It's  almost  a  full  house  now  (if  you  include 
the  violin  cases),  and  the  auditorium  feels 
more  welcoming  than  in  the  stark  daylight, 
its  dome  tastefully  lit,  and  the  evening  air 
cooler.  Surprisingly,  the  house  lights  never 
go  down,  perhaps  in  testament  to  the  fact 
that  the  parents,  alumni,  and  siblings  in  the 
audience  have  made  as  many  sacrifices  as 
the  performers  themselves  to  create  this 
moment,  and  so,  in  a  sense,  it  is  their  per- 
formance, too. 

Kitchen  is  more  in  evidence  tonight  than 
during  the  day.  She  is  the  general  directing 
her  troops,  which  include  the  audience. 
She  waves  to  indicate  chair  placement,  is- 
suing commands  and  marshaling  her  lieu- 
tenants with  a  practiced  air.  As  the  evening 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


goes  on,  she  periodically  seizes  the  micro- 
phone from  the  emcee.  "I  want  you  to  clap 
for  these  kids  like  crazy,"  she  says  after  one 
piece.  "I  think  they  deserve  another  round 
of  applause,"  after  another.  "Stand,  Bill!"  to 
composer  William  Robinson  after  a  third. 

She  proves  a  deft  conductor,  using  just 
her  right  hand  at  first,  the  baton  balanced 
between  index  finger  and  thumb,  until  she 
needs  to  call  forth  a  crescendo,  jab  an 
accent,  or  perform  an  arabesque  cutoff.  But 
the  hands  are  only  the  beginning.  Her  style 
is  exaggerated,  a  whole-body  approach. 
"When  you're  standing  up  in  front  of  an 
orchestra  of  eighty  or  ninety  teenagers," 
says  Jonathan  Bagg,  "you  gotta  put  out  a  lot 
of  energy.  She  knows  what's  important  in  a 
performance,  which  is  the  emotional.  Un- 
derlying a  great  piece  of  music  is  something 
powerful,  and  she  wants  the  students  to  rec- 
ognize and  get  that." 

"Children  sing  before  they  talk,"  says  Kit- 
chen, "so  that  has  to  say  something  about 
the  value  of  music  to  a  human  being."  After 
one  work,  she  blows  the  orchestra  an  audi- 
ble kiss  before  applause  can  begin. 

While  she  may  at  times  play  the  general, 
Kitchen  is  the  embodiment  of  Tough  Mu- 
sical Love.  "Go  to  a  rehearsal,"  says  Bagg, 
"Listen  to  her  talking  to  the  orchestra  and 
working  them  up  so  they  really  understand 
what  the  music  that  they're  playing  is  capa- 
ble of,  and  what  they're  capable  of  when 
they  play  it." 

"I  was  always  terrified  of  Mrs.  Kitchen," 
confesses  Brenda  Neece,  now  an  adjunct 
assistant  professor  in  the  music  department 
and  curator  of  the  Duke  University  Musical 
Instrument  Collection.  Neece — Dorothy 
Kitchen  insists  on  calling  her  Doctor  Neece 
— still  keeps  a  copy  of  the  DUSS  twentieth- 
anniversary  program  from  1987,  in  which 
she  performed.  "The  cello  is  my  life,  so  of 
course  the  string  school  was  important.  I 
tell  my  students  just  to  do  what  she  says, 
shape  up,  behave.  They  can't  be  as  slack  as 
they  are  with  me."  (This  from  a  teacher 
who  ends  one-hour  lessons  after  fifteen 
minutes  if  she  finds  out  her  student  hasn't 
practiced.) 

"She  knows  how  to  challenge  each  stu- 
dent in  the  right  way  to  get  the  best  out  of 
them,"  Neece  continues.  "It's  really  about 
the  music." 

"What  she  likes  least,"  adds  Bagg,  "is  a 
student  who  appears  to  be  sleepwalking 
through  his  lesson  or  rehearsal,  people  who 
would  turn  off  their  brains  and  go  on  auto- 


pilot. That  would  get  her  angry." 

"Each  lesson  is  actually  hard,"  acknowl- 
edges Kitchen,  "because  you're  driving  to- 
ward something  new.  The  lesson  is  not 
for  your  comfort  zone.  If  you're  tired  at  the 
end,  that's  normal."  She  grins.  "So  I  provide 
chocolate." 

Toward  the  end,  tonight's  program  evolves 
into  something  of  a  family  affair.  Kitchen's 
son,  Nicholas,  a  world-class  violinist;  his 
wife,  cellist  Yeesun  Kim;  and  their  col- 
leagues from  the  Borromeo  String  Quartet 
join  the  ranks  of  the  Youth  Symphony  Or- 
chestra for  Tchaikovsky's  Souvenir  de  Flor- 
ence. "I  wondered  what  would  happen  if  we 
triggered  them  with  these  brilliant  players 
in  their  midst,"  Kitchen  later  chuckles. 

What  happened  was  "amazing,"  she  says. 
"It  just  turned  them  on.  And  all  the  work 
that  they  had  done  just  coalesced."  The  vis- 
iting professionals  play  a  movement  from  a 
Brahms  double  concerto  with  the  orchestra, 
then  an  Elgar  quartet  during  which  the 
members  of  the  orchestra  remain  rapt, 
motionless — their  bows,  their  feet,  even 
their  eyes. 

For  an  audience  to  get  to  watch,  closely, 
as  musicians  listen  to  other  musicians  is  a 
rare  accident.  Not  stirring,  not  counting, 
they  seem  lost  in  thought  even  at  their  ten- 
der age,  with  not  only  a  heightened  sense  of 
discrimination  but  of  imagination.  These 
ten-,  twelve-,  fourteen-year-olds  are  not  just 
modeling  good  behavior;  it's  easy  to  see  that 
they  are  moved  by  this  string  quartet,  which 
the  Boston  Globe  described  as  "simply  the 
best  there  is."  It  is  startling. 

The  standing  ovation  begins  with  the 
children  themselves  and  quickly  infects 
their  parents.  The  presence  of  a  talent  like 
Nicholas  Kitchen,  himself  of  course  a 
DUSS  graduate,  shows  that  ski 
uum,  that  every  musician  was 
once  a  beginner.  "Gifts  are 
not  things  that  you  earn,' 
as  Dorothy  Kitchen 
once  told  NPR,  "but 
if  they're  yours,  then 
it's  your  job  to  use 
them."  As  if  to  drive 
the  point  home,  her 
four-year-old  grandson 
comes  out  attired  in  a  white 
linen  suit  to  play  a  20-second 
micro-performance.  The  room 
bursts  into  friendly  applause. 

At  the  close  of  the  concert, 
there  are,  inevitably,  speeches, 


and  a  mayoral  proclamation,  as  well  as  a  let- 
ter from  Dean  of  the  Humanities  for  Arts  6k 
Sciences  Gregson  Davis  and  an  engraved 
crystal  token  of  appreciation  from  the  music 
department.  One  of  Kitchen's  first  students, 
Beth  Levine,  presents  her  with  a  fat  scrap- 
book  of  clippings  and  remembrances  recall- 
ing DUSS'  hosting  of  an  orchestra  from 
Port-au-Prince,  Haiti;  an  exchange  program 
with  the  Laredo  Institute  of  Cochabamba, 
Bolivia;  work  (and  play)  with  a  music 
school  in  Cork,  Ireland;  and  DUSS  stu- 
dents' 1993  candlelight  performance  in  the 
White  House. 

Only  once  is  Kitchen  at  a  loss  for  words: 
when  Livingston  presents  a  $5,000-plus 
check,  the  gift  of  appreciative  parents  and 
alumni,  that  will  enable  her  to  travel  to 
overseas  music  festivals  and  even  fly  up  to 
Washington  for  Nicholas'  performance  at 
the  Library  of  Congress  on  an  eighteenth- 
century  Giuseppe  Guarneri  del  Gesu  violin. 

"People,"  she  gasps,  "this  is  above — this  is 
amazing."  She  stammers,  pauses,  then  gath- 
ers herself  and  announces,  "And  now  ... 
we're  going  to  play  the  Bach  Double!" 

At  her  signal,  DUSS  alumni  rise  as  one 
from  the  audience  and,  bearing  their  instru- 
ments, advance  toward  the  stage.  Addi- 
tional stands  are  magically  produced,  but  as 
there  is  no  room  onstage — the  youth  sym- 
phony alone  has  115  members — they  take 
up  positions  in  what  would  otherwise  be 
called  the  orchestra  pit.  There  has  been  no 
rehearsal,  but  everyone  is  game  for  a  round 
of  sight-reading.  They  have  some  sense, 
after  all,  of  how  to  read,  to  play  in  tune  and 
in  a  group,  to  have  a  sensitivity  to  rhythm 
and  pitch,  an  appreciation  for  sound  and 
the  group  experience. 

A  violin  materializes  in  Kitchen's  hands. 
She  raises  her  bow,  nods,  and  the  whole 
room  erupts  into  the  vivace  from  Bach's 
Double  Concerto  for  Two  Violins  in  D  Minor, 
with  Dorothy  and  Nicholas  Kitchen 
standing  alone  together  at  center  stage  as 
if  in  a  spotlight  all  their  own. 
Mother  and  son  take  the  solos.  ■ 

Baerman  M.B.  A.  '90,  the  marketing  director 
for  Duke  Corporate  Education,  is 

an  oboist  and  is  married  to  a  former 
,     DUSS  teacher. 


Damofall,  a  marketing  assistant 
at  Duke  Corporate  Education,  has 
a  degree  in  journalism  and  mass 
communication. 


September -October  2007 


45 


For  God  & 

Caught  in  a  moral  crisis,  a  Marine  Corps  prosecutor 

drops  a  high-profile  terrorism  case-and  finds  himself  a  symbol 

of  the  ambiguities  of  the  war  on  terror. 


An  EA-6B  Prowler  jet  swoops  low  into 
a  valley,  banking  and  weaving  in 
perfect  concert  with  contours  of  the 
terrain.  It  is  a  crystal  clear  day,  the 
mountains'  quietude  broken  only  by  the 
thunder  of  the  aircraft's  turbojet  engines  as 
they  blast  the  plane  through  the  valley  at 
550  mph. 

It  is  the  pilot's  last  flight  on  the  Prowler — 
he  is  graduating  to  the  F- 18 — and  it  is  the 
navigator's  last  military  flight  ever,  as  he  is 
leaving  the  service.  Technically,  they're  fly- 
ing too  low,  but  this  is  their  final  flight,  it's  a 
perfect  day  for  flying,  and  anyway  the  pilot 
has  the  best  hands  in  the  squadron.  So  they 
skim  the  riverbeds  and  buzz  the  trees  on  their 
way  back  to  base,  at  times  less  than  four  hun- 
dred feet  off  the  ground.  They  come  over  a 
rise  in  the  terrain,  stabilize  the  aircraft,  and 
in  an  instant  a  blur  of  yellow  flashes  into  view; 
they  are  only  three  seconds  from  hitting  it. 
At  the  very  moment  the  captain's  brain  pro- 
cesses the  thought — "gondola" — he  is  bank- 
ing the  aircraft  hard  left,  so  that  he  misses  a 
direct  collision  by  no  more  than  forty  meters. 
But  his  right  wing  severs  the  cable  that  holds 
the  gondola  aloft.  It  tumbles  over  several 
times  before  striking  the  ground. 

Describing  the  accident  in  the  Dolomite 
mountain  range  near  Cavalese,  Italy,  on 
February  3,  1998,  Marine  Lieutenant  Colo- 
nel V.  Stuart  Couch  '87  lowers  his  chin  to 
his  fists  and  winces  as  he  remembers  the 
twenty  people  who  died.  The  destruction  of 
the  gondola  and  its  occupants  initiated  the 
first  high-profile  case  of  his  legal  career:  pre- 
lude to — and,  in  an  odd  way,  preparation 
for — the  moral  crisis  whose  resolution  thrust 
him  into  the  limelight  and  earned  him  the 
reluctant  celebrity  he  has  only  recently 
learned  to  embrace. 


The  crisis  occurred  after  the  towers  came 
down  on  9/1 1 ,  and  Couch  volunteered  for  the 
military  commissions  President  George  W. 
Bush  established  under  the  aegis  of  the  De- 
fense Department  to  prosecute  terrorist  sus- 
pects. When  he  began  to  suspect  that  one 
of  the  defendants  was  being  tortured,  he 
was  caught  in  a  moral  predicament  that 
challenged  his  deepest  convictions.  Con- 
fronted with  conflicting  obligations — to  his 
superiors,  to  his  country,  and  to  his  God — 
Couch  would  draw  on  insights  from  his 
faith  and  his  military  career  to  inform  the 
hardest  decision  of  his  life. 

When  The  Wall  Street  Journal  discovered 
that  Couch  had  ultimately  decided  to  drop 
the  case,  it  ran  a  front-page  feature  that 
kicked  off  a  flurry  of  media  attention.  As 
the  leadership  of  the  "war  on  terror"  became 
less  popular  by  the  day,  and  America  con- 
tinued to  hemorrhage  credibility,  here  was 
the  refreshing  tale  of  a  "colonel  with  a  con- 
science." 60  Minutes,  ABC  News,  TIME,  and 
PBS  all  lined  up  to  court  Couch.  The  Ameri- 
can Bar  Association  announced  it  would 
present  its  Minister  ot  Justice  Award  to  Couch 
in  a  ceremony  in  Washington  on  November 
2.  He  will  be  the  first  military  prosecutor 
ever  to  receive  the  honor. 

When  relaxed,  Couch's  mouth  turns 
slightly  downward,  so  unless  smiling 
or  laughing  he  looks  permanently 
morose,  a  singular  misrepresenta- 
tion of  his  decidedly  affable  demeanor.  Plaid 
shirtsleeves  tucked  firmly  into  jeans  or  kha- 
kis are  standard  fare  for  Couch,  when  he's 
not  in  uniform.  The  unabashed  Southern 
accent  and  inflection — sirs  and  ma'ams  all 
around — complete  the  impression  of  an 
uncomplicated  good  ol'  boy,  and  it's  easy  at 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


By  Jeffrey  E.  Stern 


■If 

m 


*s\ 


first  blush  not  to  take  him  seriously.  But  then,  as  a 
trial  lawyer,  he  knows  how  to  play  the  natural 
tendency  to  underestimate  him  to  his  advantage. 
"People  let  their  guard  down,"  he  says,  and  during 
a  cross  examination,  a  small  opening  is  all  Couch 
needs.  In  an  instant,  he  can  activate  a  hardened 
austerity  that  is  intimidating. 

He  learned  this  early  in  his  career,  prosecuting 
the  notorious  Dolomite  mountains  gondola  case. 
Couch  was  only  a  year  and  a  half  out  of  law  school 
then,  a  major,  hut  because  he  was  a  prosecutor 
with  an  aviation  background — he  had  been  a 
Marine  pilot  before  entering  law  school — and  be- 
cause he  was  stationed  at  the  pilots'  home  base, 
he  was  asked  to  help  prosecute  one  of  the  biggest 
cases  in  Marine  Corps  history. 

Couch  volunteered  to  be  the  liaison  to  the  vic- 
tims' families,  the  one  in  living  rooms  with  a  cup 
of  tea  and  a  saucer  bearing  witness  to  the  alternat- 
ing currents  of  unbearable  pain  and  implacable 
rage.  There  was  one  woman  in  particular  who  for 
Couch  crystallized  the  sense  of  outrage  the  vic- 
tims' families  felt  toward  the  U.S.  Emma  Aurich 
was  her  name,  a  widow  from  Burgstadt,  Gennany, 
whose  only  child  had  been  on  the  gondola  that 
day.  Once,  when  Couch  was  meeting  with  the 
families  in  Germany,  she  stood  up  overflowing 
with  rage,  screaming  words  as  fast  as  her  mind 
could  conceive  new  condemnations  while  a  shell- 
shocked  interpreter  struggled  to  keep  pace.  You 
people  took  my  son  and  have  done  nothing  to  help  us 
was  her  message,  and  Couch  felt  as  if  he  were 
being  held  personally  responsible  simply  because 
he  was  there,  though  that  very  fact  should  have 
absolved  him. 

One  superior  questioned  the  time  Couch  spent 

with  the  families,  who,  he  reminded  Couch,  would 

only  play  a  role  in  sentencing — if  the  case  got 

|  that  far — but  not  in  securing  a  conviction.  But, 

s  although  Couch's  loyalty  is  unwavering,  he  is  an 

S  Evangelical  Christian  and  has  another  duty  to 


September -October  2007 


47 


fulfill.  "My  magnetic  north  points  to  Christ," 
he  says.  One  of  the  most  profound  obliga- 
tions of  his  faith  is  to  "respect  the  dignity  of 
a  fellow  human  being,"  and  in  his  judgment, 
the  treatment  of  the  victims'  families  wasn't 
right.  He  saw  suffering  and  sought  to  address 
it.  "I've  got  a  job  as  a  prosecutor,"  Couch 
told  the  families,  "but  to  the  extent  that  I 
can,  I  want  to  be  a  voice  for  you.  I  want  to  help 
you  make  sense  of  the  incomprehensible." 

He  and  his  fellow  prosecutors  labored  for 
a  year  to  build  a  rock-solid  case,  while  he 
attended  also  to  the  emotional  needs  of  the 
victims'  families  even  as  he  seldom  saw  his 
own.  And  when  it  was  time,  Aurich  and 
members  of  the  families  of  other  victims 
came  to  Camp  Lejeune  in  North  Carolina, 
to  see  the  conviction  handed  down. 

But  it  wasn't.  The  pilot  was  acquitted  of 
both  negligent  homicide  and  involuntary 
manslaughter.  (The  pilot  was  subsequently 
convicted  of  obstruction  of  justice  for  de- 
stroying a  videotape  record  of  the  flight, 
and  the  navigator  pleaded  guilty  to  the 
same  charge.)  Couch  turned  to  look  at  the 
families  who  had  crossed  oceans  for  this  mo- 
ment. A  reporter  caught  him  whisper  the 
words  "I'm  sorry."  The  next  day  he  stayed  in 
his  pajamas,  floating  in  shadows  around  his 
home.  "I  know  you're  hurting,"  his  brother 
called  to  say.  "But,  in  the  long  run,  this  will 
be  a  valuable  experience." 

Couch  and  his  wife  went  to  a  dinner  the 
next  night  with  some  of  the  family  mem- 
bers, a  dinner  that  should  have  been  a  cele- 
bration of  the  end  of  this  chapter  in  their 
lives,  the  realization  of  Couch's  assurances 
that  justice  would  be  done.  Now,  Couch 
was  as  far  down  as  he  had  ever  been.  He  be- 
gan to  doubt  himself.  "Maybe  I  got  too  per- 
sonally invested  in  it.  I  don't  know." 

And  it  was  there,  outside  the  restaurant, 
that  Aurich  came  up  to  Couch  and  kissed 
him  on  the  cheek  and  said,  "How  are  you!" 
and  he  wept. 

Couch  wasn't  always  a  man  of  ardent  faith. 
Born  at  Duke  Medical  Center  and  reared  in 
Asheboro,  North  Carolina,  he  was  an  ob- 
servant Christian,  just  not  a  particularly 
pious  one.  He  went  to  Duke  just  as  both  his 
parents,  two  of  his  grandparents,  an  aunt, 
and  a  brother  had  done  and  signed  on  with 
the  Navy  ROTC  program,  eventually  rising 
in  rank  to  battalion  commander.  On  Christ- 
mas Eve  his  sophomore  year,  he  saw  a  pretty 
girl  in  a  store  and  said  to  himself,  "I  thought 
I  knew  all  the  blondes  in  town." 

Her  name  was  Kim  Wilder,  and  her  family 
was  Evangelical.  Being  around  them,  Couch 
began  to  take  his  own  faith  more  seriously, 
although  he  "still  wasn't  living  for  it  at  Duke." 


He  was  still  "going  to  parties,  Thursday 
night  kegs,  all  that  stuff."  And  while  "some 
people  graduated  summa  cum  laude,  some 
people  magna  cum  laude"  he  says,  "I  gradu- 
ated thank  the  good  lawdy."  He  dropped  out 
of  his  fraternity  his  last  year,  thinking  "there's 
gotta  be  more  to  it  than  this." 

Two  years  later,  he  and  Kim,  now  his  wife, 
were  living  in  Morehead  City,  North  Caro- 
lina. She  took  him  to  a  church  that  her  grand- 
parents had  attended,  and  a  minister  named 
King  Cole  came  on,  cracking  jokes  in  the 
pulpit  and  generally  taking  himself  less  than 
seriously.  "He  had  a  resurrection  party  on 
Easter  Sunday,  with  two  kegs  up  on  his  back 
porch."  Couch  started  going  to  Bible  study. 

Being  an  Evangelical  seemed  to  work  for 
Couch  in  the  military,  and  it  served  a  pur- 
pose: He's  seen  how  faith  has  empowered 
soldiers.  "I've  seen  the  believers.  They're  as 
fearless  as  anyone,  because  they  say,  'Look,  I 
already  know  what  the  rest  of  my  deal  is.'  " 
Couch  remembers  a  letter  a  staff  sergeant 
who  had  died  in  Iraq  left  his  family.  It  said, 
"You  all  need  to  be  rejoicing  with  me,  I  am 
back  with  my  creator.  I  did  what  I  believed 
in,  and  now  I'm  reaping  the  rewards." 

As  he  recites  the  letter,  though,  he  real- 
izes he  could  just  as  well  be  describing  the 
bad  guys.  "That's  where  they  think  they  are, 
too.  It  is  similar,  and  that's  why  this  battle 
we  find  ourselves  in — it's  not  going  to  be 
over  anytime  soon." 

Couch  is  a  military  man  through  and 
through,  and  whether  he's  exchanging  an 
"ooh-rah,  Marine!"  with  a  passerby  on  the 
street  or  congratulating  a  commercial  pilot 
for  a  "good  crosswind  landing"  after  arriving 
at  Chicago  O'Hare,  evidence  abounds  that 
he  relished  his  time  in  the  Marines.  Back  in 
the  early  '90s  when  he  was  flying  C-130s  out 
of  Cherry  Point,  North  Carolina,  he  and  Kim 
formed  a  social  circle  around  his  friends  in 
the  squadron.  "It  was  like  a  fraternity,"  Kim 
Couch  recalls.  They  made  friends  with  peo- 
ple like  Michael  "Rocks"  Horrocks,  tall, 
good-looking,  and  athletic,  with  a  pilot's  ty- 
pical personality  profile:  unflinchingly  con- 
fident and  always  a  joker.  Horrocks'  wife 
and  Kim  worked  at  the  same  hospital,  and 
they  all  became  part  of  a  tight-knit  commu- 
nity of  pilots  and  their  wives.  They  worked 
and  played  together,  went  out  to  dinner  to- 
gether, and  that  camaraderie  was  something 
they  thrived  on — this  was  one  of  the  best 
times  of  their  lives. 

The  litigation  in  the  gondola  case  was 
over  in  June  1999.  Couch  left  active  duty 
soon  afterward,  brokenhearted.  But  in  a  pe- 
culiar way,  the  case  had  made  him  stronger; 
every  challenge  that  came  after  would  be 


minor,  manageable.  "What  am  I  going  to  do, 
lose  one  of  the  biggest  cases  in  the  history  of 
the  Marine  Corps?  I've  already  done  that." 

As  it  turned  out,  even  in  defeat  his  career 
was  jump-started.  "You  get  this  reputation  as 
one  of  three  people  who  tried  this  great  big 
case — it  put  me  on  the  fast  track."  He  was 
soon  sitting  in  his  new  office  at  a  private 
law  firm.  He  didn't  stay  long,  though,  be- 
cause he's  first  and  foremost  a  litigator,  and 
he  wasn't  getting  to  litigate.  So  he  moved 
on  to  the  DA's  office  in  Eastern  North  Car- 
olina to  prosecute  "shrimp  boat  captains 
who  get  drunk  and  fight  on  Sunday  night." 
All  along,  Kim  wanted  him  back  in  the 
Marines,  back  in  his  element,  doing  what 
she  knew  made  him  happiest. 

But  Couch  wasn't  quite  ready  to  return  to 
active  duty,  the  gondola  case  still  fresh  in  his 
mind.  Then,  in  August  2001,  the  opportu- 
nity came  to  help  prosecute  Marine  officers 
accused  of  falsifying  maintenance  records 
related  to  the  new  MV-22  Osprey  tilt-rotor 
aircraft.  Couch  was  tempted. 

"I  really  loved  the  Marine  Corps,  I  liked 
working  on  a  case  like  that,  and  I  was  think- 
ing about  returning  to  active  duty  anyway." 

He  could  sign  on  for  the  life  of  the  case, 
dip  his  toe  in.  If  it  didn't  work  out — well,  no 
harm  done. 

Meanwhile,  the  Horrockses  had  gone 
on  to  have  a  daughter  and  then  a 
son.  Rocks  became  a  flight  in- 
structor in  Pensacola  and  then 
started  flying  passenger  jets  for  United  Air- 
lines. The  civilian  world  welcomed  his  ex- 
perience, just  as  it  had  Couch's.  Horrocks 
found  himself  sitting  first  officer  on  a  flight 
one  day,  traveling  from  the  East  Coast  on  a 
brilliantly  clear  morning,  when  he  heard  a 
suspicious  transmission  from  another  plane, 
something  that  sounded  like  "stay  in  your 
seats."  They  radioed  it  to  ground  control, 
learned  that  the  flight  had  been  hijacked, 
and  were  ordered  to  keep  their  distance. 
Horrocks  had  just  heard  the  last  transmis- 
sion from  American  Airlines  Flight  11,  which 
struck  the  north  tower  of  the  World  Trade 
Center  less  then  ten  minutes  later. 

Then  Horrocks'  own  aircraft  changed  bea- 
con codes  twice  in  the  same  minute.  Curi- 
ously, it  climbed  above  its  assigned  altitude. 
Air  traffic  control  tried  to  contact  the  pilots 
but  couldn't  get  a  response.  The  plane  then 
commenced  a  power  dive,  and  just  before 
9:00,  it  began  a  sharp  left  turn,  assuming  a 
northeasterly  heading  toward  New  York 
City. 

Couch  logged  onto  Yahoo  that  morning, 
after  staying  up  all  night  preparing  a  court 


48 


PI  ;RH  MAGAZINE 


motion.  He  saw  the  initial  reports  of  an  air- 
craft hitting  the  World  Trade  Center,  im- 
mediately turned  on  the  television,  and 
watched  the  footage  of  his  friend's  plane 
crashing  into  the  south  tower. 

The  events  of  9/11  galvanized  Couch. 
Any  hesitation  he  had  about  returning  to 
military  service  disappeared.  "I  wanted  to 
get  back  on  active  duty,  because  now  we're 
going  to  war,"  he  recalls.  "Any  time  you 
have  a  war,  military  justice  is  going  to  be  a 
necessity.  And  that's  what  I  like  best:  I  like 
being  a  Marine  lawyer." 

When  the  U.S.  started  capturing  terror 
suspects  and  sending  them  to  Guantanamo, 
Couch  got  a  call  from  one  of  his  mentors  in 
the  military  justice  system.  "Look  man,"  he 
said  to  Couch,  "they're  talking  about  doing 
military  commissions.  We  haven't  done  those 
since  World  War  II.  You  know  they're  going 
to  be  looking  for  people  with  experience." 

"I'm  thinking  they're  terrorists,  and  now 
we're  going  to  prosecute  them,  and  I'm  one 
of  the  more  experienced  prosecutors  in  the 
Marine  Corps,"  Couch  says.  "I'll  take  my  skill 
set  and  apply  it  to  the  war  on  terrorism." 
Before  he  started,  he  got  a  picture  of  Hor- 
rocks'  wife  and  children  that  had  appeared 
on  the  front  page  of  USA  Today  and  put  it 
on  his  desk  where  he  could  see  it  every  time 
he  looked  up. 

There  is  a  tacit  assumption  made  by  most 
casual  observers  of  the  war  on  terror  that 
preventing  terrorism  and  prosecuting  it  are 
complementary  endeavors.  In  practice,  it 
doesn't  always  work  that  way.  When  Couch 
joined  the  commissions  in  August  2003, 
they  were  talking  about  Mohamedou  Ould 
Slahi,  a  key  al  Qaeda  operative.  The  intelli- 
gence agencies  had  gathered  copious  amounts 
of  information  on  Slahi,  but  the  policies  at 
the  time  kept  them  from  sharing  much  of  it 
with  the  prosecutors.  "The  intelligence  side 
was  doing  their  thing,  and  we  on  the  law- 
enforcement  side  were  doing  our  thing.  And 
the  insinuation  was  'and  ne'er  the  twain  shall 
meet,' "  he  says.  But  the  intelligence  agen- 
cies— apparently  more  concerned  with  pre- 
venting attacks  than  with  maintaining  the 
integrity  of  prospective  prosecutions — were 
impeding  his  ability  to  convict  terrorists. 

Without  having  all  of  the  intel  on  Slahi, 
Couch  was  hamstrung  and  would  have  to 
base  his  case  solely  on  Slahi's  interrogation 
reports.  And  Slahi,  for  the  moment,  wasn't 
talking. 

According  to  The  9/1 1  Commission  Report, 
when  the  U.S.  captured  Ramzi  bin  al-Shibh, 
one  of  the  key  planners  of  the  September  1 1 
attacks,  and  began  interrogating  him,  he 
mentioned  Slahi.  Bin  al-Shibh  said  Slahi 


had  sent  him  and  three  other  students  from 
Germany  to  Afghanistan  for  training.  Osama 
bin  Laden  himself  gave  them  their  assign- 
ment: the  9/1 1  operation.  Bin  al-Shibh  was 
the  only  surviving  member  of  the  foursome 
because  the  other  three  were  the  pilots,  in- 
cluding Marwan  al  Shehi,  who  flew  Honocks' 
plane  into  the  south  tower.  Apparently,  the 
man  Couch  was  prosecuting  had  sent  bin 
al-Shibh  to  train. 

In  October  2003,  Slahi  suddenly  began  to 
talk — a  lot.  His  intelligence  reports  became 
so  overwhelming  that  Couch  had  trouble 

The  events  of  9/11  galvanized  Couch. 
"I  wanted  to  get  back  on  active 
duty,  because  now  we're  going  to 
war,"  he  recalls.  "Any  time  you  have 
a  war,  military  justice  is  going  to  be 
a  necessity.  And  that's  what  I  like 
best:  I  like  being  a  Marine  lawyer." 


keeping  up  with  them.  Over  the  course  of 
several  months,  he  became  increasingly  sus- 
picious of  Slahi's  treatment  and  started  an 
unofficial  investigation.  A  colleague  had  let 
slip  that  Slahi  had  begun  a  more  intensive 
"varsity"  interrogation  program.  Then  Couch 
saw  an  obviously  fake  letter  on  State  De- 
partment letterhead  intimating  that  Slahi's 
mother  would  be  brought  to  Guantanamo 
and  possibly  raped.  "The  implication  was 
clear,"  he  says.  And  for  him,  everything  co- 
alesced: Slahi  was  being  tortured.  (Slahi, 
still  imprisoned  at  Guantanamo,  now  claims 
that,  among  other  things,  he  was  beaten, 
water-boarded,  and  sexually  humiliated.) 

Now  there  was  duty  to  be  considered;  al- 
legiance to  God  and  country;  the  loyalty  to 
superiors  a  military  man  knows  never  to 
question;  ethical  obligations  that  go  along 
with  the  practice  of  law.  It  was  not  an  easy 
decision,  walking  off  the  case.  "I  got  Rocks' 
wife's  picture  on  my  desk....  You  get  the 
pang  of  what  you  want  to  do,  and  what  you 
have  to  do,"  says  Couch. 

"What  1  wanted  to  do  was  make  sure  this 
guy  never  leaves  Guantanamo.  But  could  I 
stand  up  in  front  of  a  courtroom  and  put  my 


credibility  on  the  line  for  the  type  of  evi- 
dence that  was  obtained  from  him?  I  couldn't 
do  it." 

Couch  says  he  thought  about  asking  the 
Marines  to  reassign  him.  "But  I  resolved  that 
I  would  rather  be  fired  than  quit."  He  pro- 
ceeded with  work  on  other  cases,  including 
the  prosecution  of  Salim  Hamdan,  who  had 
been  bin  Laden's  driver.  With  his  broad  ex- 
perience, he  was  named  lead  prosecutor. 
The  case,  now  famous  as  Hamdan  v.  Rums- 
feld, went  all  the  way  to  the  U.S.  Supreme 
Court.  ("It's  kind  of  strange,"  Couch  observes 
now.  "I  always  thought  if  I  would  have  a 
claim  to  fame,  it  would  be  as  the  prosecutor 
working  on  Hamdan.  Instead,  I've  become 
famous  for  a  case  I  refused  to  prosecute.") 

On  June  29,  2006,  the  Supreme  Court 
ruled  against  Rumsfeld  and  the  Department 
of  Defense,  effectively  derailing  the  further 
prosecution  of  the  case  indefinitely.  Couch, 
who  had  already  planned  to  leave  the  com- 
missions as  soon  as  the  Hamdan  case  was 
finished,  decided  he'd  had  enough.  "I  was 
ready  to  go." 

While  prosecuting  Hamdan  and  Slahi  and 
the  other  cases  for  the  commissions,  he'd 
been  working  for  the  Department  of  De- 
fense, on  "loan"  from  the  Marines.  Now  he 
went  back  to  doing  what  he  liked  best. 

The  Marine  Corps  badly  needed  appel- 
late judges,  and  because  of  his  broad  experi- 
ence, with  the  Osprey  case,  with  Hamdan — 
even,  ironically,  with  the  gondola  case — he 
was  an  obvious  choice. 

Nearly  a  year  later,  Couch,  now  a  judge  on 
the  Navy-Marine  Corps  Court  of  Criminal 
Appeals,  is  wrapping  up  a  keynote  address 
before  an  ethics  conference  sponsored  by 
the  Chicago  Bar  Association,  the  first  of  his 
many  speaking  engagements  since  The  Wall 
Street  journal  published  "The  Conscience  of 
the  Colonel."  His  speech  has  been  billed  as 
"Tales  from  the  Trenches,"  and  he's  obliged 
by  reciting  as  many  as  he  can  remember,  in- 
cluding the  one  everyone  wants  most  to 
hear  about. 

"I  don't  want  to  try  to  elevate  myself 
higher  than  anyone  else,"  he  tells  them.  "I 
would  have  preferred  the  title  of  The  Wall 
Street  Journal  article  to  be  'The  Respon- 
sibility of  the  Colonel.'  That  is,  if  you  think 
something's  wrong,  you've  got  the  responsi- 
bility to  make  it  right.  And  if  you  can't  make 
it  right,  you  need  to  tell  somebody  and  make 
efforts  to  make  it  right.  And  that's  just,  in 
my  view,  that's  Ethics  101. 

"Having  said  that,  I'll  be  glad  to  answer 
any  of  your  questions."  ■ 

Stem  '07  is  a  freelance  writer. 


September -October  2007 


Prospecting  goal:  Like  many  other  players, 

terback  Thad  Lewis  was  drawn  by  the  value 
ui  a  Duke  degree -"I  knew  I  needed  to 
have  a  fallback  plan  once  the  football  deflates." 


Duke  football  is  coming  off  one  of  its  worst  seasons  ever,  but  the  players 
are  pumped,  determined  that  this  year  will  be  different  and 
confident  that,  ultimately,  they  can't  lose. 

By  Bridget  Booher 

Degrees 
of  Success 


If  it's  true  that  everyone  loves  a  winner 
(just  ask  Mike  Krzyzewski),  and  delights 
in  knocking  a  loser  (just  ask  a  pre-2004 
Red  Sox  fan),  you  might  imagine  that  the 
Blue  Devils  gridiron  gang  would  be  in  the 
doldrums.  Last  seasons  0-12  record  was  pain- 
ful for  everyone  involved.  Duke  is  playing 
eight  teams  this  season  that  went  to  bowl 
games  last  year  (a  postseason  honor  the  pro- 
gram hasn't  enjoyed  in  more  than  a  decade). 
In  November,  they'll  go  helmet  to  helmet  with 
Notre  Dame,  which  has  sent  more  players  to 
the  National  Football  League  than  any  other 
program  in  the  country.  And  so  far  this  year, 
the  Blue  Devils  are  ranked  dead  last  in  what 
ESPN's  Pat  Forde  calls  a  "meat-grinder  con- 
ference full  of  enormous  state  universities." 

But  all  that  seems  to  matter  to  the  2007 
squad  as  it  embarks  on  the  ninety-fifth  sea- 
son of  Duke  football  is  a  fresh  start,  a  clean 
slate,  a  scoreboard  that  is  set,  at  the  start  of 
each  game,  to  0-0.  "To  this  day,  people  ask 
me  if  I  regret  coming  to  Duke  to  play  foot- 
ball," says  senior  Chris  Davis,  who  plays  safe- 
ty. "And  I  always  say  no,  because  I  know  that 
we  can  and  we  will  win. 

"Every  game  is  Christmas  day.  I  can't  sleep 
on  Friday  night." 

Players  like  Davis  will  tell  you  that  their 
main  regret  from  last  year  is  that  their  grad- 
uating teammates  went  out  on  such  a  low 
note.  And  then  it's  right  back  to  the  pres- 
ent, the  matchups  they  are  most  psyched 


about,  the  fierce  loyalty  they  feel  toward  the 
coaching  staff  and  one  another,  the  person- 
al goals  they're  determined  to  achieve.  It's 
as  if  they  are  immune  to  the  negative  re- 
marks lobbed  their  way.  They  believe,  with 
absolute  conviction,  that  they  are  winners. 

During  the  season,  the  players  wake  up 
before  dawn  five  days  a  week  for  intense 
physical  training  and  conditioning.  They 
keep  pace  academically  with  their  peers; 
Duke  has  consistently  ranked  at  or  near  the 
top  of  schools  that  graduate  the  majority  of 
its  football  players  on  time.  (The  university 
holds  the  record  for  winning  the  American 
Football  Coaches  Association/College  Foot- 
ball Association's  Academic  Achievement 
Award:  twelve  times  since  1981.) 

They  say  that  most  of  their  classmates 
and  professors  know  how  hard  they  work, 
although  they  still  encounter  the  "dumb 
jock"  stereotype  from  time  to  time.  "There 
are  people  who  think  I'm  stupid  because  I'm 
a  football  player,"  says  one.  "I  like  to  prove 
them  wrong."  And  even  though  they  come 
from  a  wide  range  of  socioeconomic  back- 
grounds, and  are  the  most  racially  and  eth- 
nically diverse  varsity  athletic  team  at 
Duke,  they  have  formed  a  cohesive  bond. 
Devastating  losses  and  harsh  critics  can't 
dampen  the  excitement  and  determination 
the  players  have  for  a  sport  that  most  have 
pursued  single-mindedly  since  they  were  in 
elementary  school. 


Field  Report 

20    Head  coaches  in  the  history  of  the 
Duke  football  program 

3    Head  coaches  who  are  alumni 
(Bill  Murray '30,  Mike  McGee '59, 
Carl  Franks '83) 

3   Duke  players  inducted  into  the 
Pro  Football  Hall  of  Fame  (Sonny 
Jurgenson  '57,  George  McAfee  '40, 
and  Ace  Parker  '37) 

3   Varsity  sports  that  Ace  Parker  lettered  in 
at  Duke  (football,  basketball,  baseball) 

33,941    Seats  in  Wallace  Wade  Stadium 

1   Former  players  elected  to  Congress 
(R-N.C.  Robin  Hayes '67) 

8    Bowl  Games  in  which  Duke  has  played 

3   Bowl  Games  that  Duke  has  won 
(1945  Sugar  Bowl,  1955  Orange  Bowl, 
1961  Cotton  Bowl) 

31    Seasons  that  Hall  of  Fame  broadcaster 
Bob  Harris  has  provided  game  coverage 
on  the  Duke  Radio  Network 

1    Players  named  Brodhead  drafted  into  the 
NFL  (Robert  Brodhead  '59,  to  Buffalo) 

— Bridget  Booher 

September -October  2007 


"I  guess  you  can  learn  a  lot  and  grow  as  a 
person  by  going  to  a  bowl  game,"  says  Richard 
Keefe,  a  sports  psychologist  and  professor  of 
psychiatry  and  behavioral  sciences  at  Duke, 
"and  that  would  certainly  be  great.  But  I've 
watched  this  group  of  student-athletes  suf- 
fer heartbreaking  defeats  and  then  pick  them- 
selves back  up  and  enter  the  next  game  with 
total  commitment  and  enthusiasm." 

A  year  ago,  Thaddeus  Lewis  was  an 
eighteen-year-old  freshman  unex- 
pectedly catapulted  into  the  high- 
visibility,  high-pressure  role  of  quar- 
terback when  teammate  Zack  Asack  was 
suspended  for  plagiarism.  (Asack  returned 
to  school  this  fall.)  Lewis  had  been  a  star  at 
Hialeah-Miami  Lakes  Senior  High  School 
in  Florida  his  senior  year,  was  named  the 
sixty-fifth  best  high-school  quarterback  in 
the  country  by  Scout.com,  and  had  been  ag- 
gressively recruited  by  universities  like 
Michigan  State  and  Pittsburgh.  But  calling 
the  play  in  the  first  huddle  of  his  college 
career  against  Wake  Forest,  Lewis  was  un- 
derstandably nervous. 

"I  was  trying  to  be  a  leader  to  people  who 
were  older  and  more  experienced  than  me," 
says  Lewis.  "It  was  difficult." 


which  went  on  to  play  in 
the  Orange  Bowl.  And  this 
year's  team  is  deeper  and 
more  seasoned:  Duke  is 
the  only  ACC  team  to  re- 
turn all  eleven  offensive 
starters  from  last  year;  on 
defense,  five  players  re- 
turn including  sophomore 
Vince  Oghobaase,  whose 
freshman  performance 
earned  him  All- America 
and  All- ACC  honors  af- 
ter logging  twenty-eight 
tackles. 

Still,  even  though 
Lewis'  freshman  perform- 
ance was  remarkable — he 
connected  on  180  of  340 
attempted  passes  to  set  a 
new  freshman  record  of 
2,134  yards  and  eleven 
touchdowns — he  and  his 
teammates  know  that  they  have  an  uphill 
battle  to  return  Duke  football  to  its  former 
luster  as  a  bowl-worthy  team.  The  last  time 
that  happened  was  in  1995,  when  Duke  lost 
to  Wisconsin  in  the  Hall  of  Fame  Bowl. 

Lewis,  who  was  reared  by  a  single  mother 


2007  Duke 

Football  Schedule 

<■■  September  1 

Connecticut 

September  8 

Virginia 

September  15 

Northwestern 

September  22 

Navy 

September  29 

Miami 

<•>  October  6 

Wake  Forest 

(Homecoming) 

<B>  October  13 

Virginia  Tech 

October  27 

Florida  State 

<S>  November  3 

Clemson 

(Parents'Weekend) 

<&  November  10 

Georgia  Tech 

November  17 

Notre  Dame 

November  24 

UNC 

•■■  denotes  home  game 

hood  and  be  somebody." 
With  college  recruiters 
showing  up  at  his  high- 
school  games  and  wooing 
him  with  offers,  Lewis  had 
his  choice  of  colleges. 
Why  then  did  he  choose 
Duke,  which  had  fared 
poorly  in  recent  years, 
and  where  basketball, 
not  football,  was  king?  "I 
had  a  great  visit  to  Duke 
and  really  liked  the  peo- 
ple here,"  says  Lewis,  re- 
calling how  students  had 
hung  a  spray-painted  bed 
sheet  from  a  West  Cam- 
pus dorm  window  that 
read,  "Thad  Lewis,  Duke 
Wants  You!" 

He  also  liked  the  idea 
of  helping  to  turn  around 
a  struggling  program, 
rather  than  playing  a  minor  role  with  a  pig- 
skin powerhouse.  But  what  really  sold  Lewis 
was  the  shining  lure  of  a  Duke  degree,  a  sen- 
timent voiced  by  many  of  his  fellow  players. 
"I  knew  I  needed  to  have  a  fallback  plan 
once  the  football  deflates." 

Even  though  Lewis  has  high  hopes  for 
going  pro  after  college,  he  knows  that  his 
Duke  diploma  is  more  likely  to  be  the  key  to 
long-term  professional  success.  His  team- 
mate senior  Patrick  Bailey,  who's  winding 
up  his  undergraduate  coursework  in  electri- 
cal and  computer  engineering,  echoes  Lewis' 
ambitions.  "I'll  see  how  far  football  can  take 
me,"  says  Bailey,  a  defensive  end  who  was 
recruited  by  Harvard,  Yale,  and  Princeton, 
among  others.  Eventually,  though,  he's  got 
his  sights  set  on  an  engineering  career  that 
focuses  on  digital  or  linear  control  systems. 


M 


Duke  would  go  on  to  lose  to  the  Demon 
Deacons  13-14  that  hot  September  Satur- 
day. But  from  the  confident,  glass-half-full 
perspective  of  the  players,  there  are  many 
reasons  to  focus  on  the  positive.  Two  games 
last  year  were  decided  by  only  one  point, 
including  the  one  against  Wake  Forest, 


closed  with  a  devastating  one-point  loss  to  UNC 


in  a  poor,  inner-city  Miami  neighborhood 
known  as  Opa-Locka,  has  already  proved 
skeptics  wrong.  "A  lot  of  people  didn't  ex- 
pect me  to  make  it  out"  of  Opa-Locka,  says 
Lewis.  "Where  I  grew  up,  I  saw  people  making 
bad  decisions  and  going  after  easy  money.  I 
was  determined  to  get  out  of  the  netghbor- 


etallica's  heavy-metal  anthems 
are  blasting  over  the  speakers  in 
the  Yoh  Football  Center's  ground- 
floor  weight  room.  It's  9  o'clock 
on  an  already  humid  Thursday  morning, 
just  a  few  days  before  the  team  is  officially 
permitted  to  begin  preseason  practice. 
Sophomore  Marcus  Lind  and  two  teammates 
take  advantage  of  the  nearly  empty  room  to 
do  bench  presses,  reverse  flies,  and  lateral 
raises.  Lind  is  an  inscrutable  300-pound 
Swede  whose  Nordic  good  looks  and  rock- 
solid  muscles  cause  heads  (especially  female) 
to  turn  when  he's  out  in  public.  He  began 
playing  football  at  the  age  of  thirteen,  and 
was  named  to  the  Swedish  Junior  National 
Team  a  mere  two  years  later.  At  Duke,  he 
holds  the  team  record  for  the  squat  lift  at 


52 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


585  pounds.  That's  a  couple  of  hundred 
pounds  more  than  a  killer-whale  calf. 

Lind  is  a  reserve  offensive  guard,  recruited 
from  Fort  Lauderdale's  St.  Thomas  Aquinas 
High  School,  which  sent  ten  football  play- 
ers from  Lind's  class  to  play  in  Division  I 
schools.  Perhaps  not  surprisingly,  Duke  was 
not  on  Lind's  radar  before  he  came  to  the 
U.S.  for  his  senior  year  of  high  school.  But 
through  his  high-school  coaches  and  his 
American  host  family,  Lind  learned  about 
Duke's  increasingly  international  student 


and  Orange  Bowl  teams  and  motivational 
posters  with  messages  such  as  "Talk  is 
Cheap,  But  Seein'  is  Believin'  "  and  "When 
You  Stop  Getting  Better,  You  Stop  Being 
Good" — Lind  says  that  he  is  determined  to 
do  everything  in  his  power  to  make  the  cur 
rent  team  better.  When  (not  if)  that  happens, 
he  says,  the  crowds  and  accolades  will  fol- 
low. "Once  we  win  a  few  games,"  he  says 
"then  people  will  start  caring  about  us  more.' 
He's  right,  of  course.  But  it  will  take  time, 
maybe  more  time  than  Lind  has  to  play  at 


At  a  football  summit  held  in  January, 
more  than  200  former  players  came  back  to 
campus  to  hear  from  head  coach  Ted  Roof 
and  his  staff  about  the  current  state  of  the 
program,  and  to  offer  their  support.  Among 
those  returning  were  quarterback  Anthony 
Dilweg  '88,  who  played  tor  the  Green  Bay 
Packers  and  the  Los  Angeles  Raiders;  Leo 
Hart  71,  quarterback  for  the  Atlanta  Fal- 
cons and  Buffalo  Bills  and  an  inaugural 
member  of  Duke's  Athletics  Advisory  Board; 
and  wide  receiver  Chris  Castor  '83,  who 


body,  its  top  ranked  acade  THey  kllOW,  With 
mic  programs,  and  the  oppor-  a|,cn|„Xn  «nnui/» 
tunity  to  contribute  his  con-    3D5UIU16  C0I1VIC" 

siderable  physical  talents  to  tinn  that  thov 
the  football  team  I  knew  ll0ll>  ™*1  lneJ 
right  away  this  was  where  I    gjrg  WilUlGrS. 

wanted  to  be."  (He  also  told 
Duke  about  fellow  Swede 
Pontus  Bondeson,  a  sophomore  defen- 
sive lineman  who  matriculated  with  Lind.) 
As  he  sets  his  sights  on  personal  bests — 
getting  bigger,  faster,  stronger — Lind  be- 
comes part  of  a  tradition  dating  back  to 
1888,  when  Duke  posted  its  first  football 
victory,  against  the  University  of  North 
Carolina.  Surrounded  by  football  memora- 
bilia— photographs  of  Duke's  Rose,  Sugar, 


Duke.  Most  sports  analysts 
say  the  Blue  Devils  will  be 
lucky  to  win  three  or  four 
games  this  year.  More  im- 
portant, Duke  needs  to  field 
a  team  that  makes  steady 
progress  toward  becoming 
competitive     against     the 
tough-and-tougher  teams  in  the  expanded 
ACC.  When  sports  writer  Jim  Young  '95 
wrote  about  football's  glorious  past  and 
uncertain  future  ("Blue  Devil  Football:  First 
and  Long,")  in  the  July- August  2003  issue 
of  Duke  Magazine,  the  Atlantic  Coast  Con- 
ference had  not  yet  expanded  to  include  the 
University  of  Miami,  Virginia  Tech,  and 
Boston  College. 


played  for  the  Seattle  Seahawks. 

Castor  says  that  as  a  former  player  who 
competed  for  teams  that  won  only  two  and 
four  games  in  a  season,  he  can  empathize 
with  what  the  current  players  are  going 
through.  "I  realize  that  our  current  team 
wants  nothing  more  than  to  get  a  win  under 
their  belts  and  use  that  as  a  stepping  stone 
to  more  success,"  he  says. 

But  his  advice  for  the  current  roster  has 
nothing  to  do  with  on-the-field  competi- 
tion. "Keep  things  in  perspective,"  he  says. 
"Our  players  are  student-athletes,  and  the 
student  part  always  comes  first.  The  day  will 
come  when  every  current  player  will  walk 
off  that  field  for  the  last  time,  and  their  life 
after  football  really  begins."  ■ 


September -October  2007 


Books 


BookMarks:  Reading  in  Black  and  White,  A  Memoir 

B>'  Karla  F.C.  Holloway.  Rutgers  University  Press,  2006.  223  pages.  $24.95. 


Flying  home  from  London  this  sum- 
mer, I  looked  around  to  see  what  the 
passengers  close  by  were  reading.  My 
eyes  soon  fixed  on  a  three-inch-thick 
tome  that  lay  on  the  tray  table  of  an  ele- 
gantly dressed  woman  who  sat  across  the 
aisle.  She  was  not  reading  it;  her  eyes  never 
left  the  video  screen.  Still  I  was  curious 
enough  to  glance  occasionally  in  her  direc- 
tion for  the  rest  of  the  flight.  I  thought  I 
would  figure  out  something  about  her  if  I 
could  see  the  title  of  her  book.  I  had  already 
reached  doubtlessly  unfair  conclusions 
about  my  seatmate,  who  offered  me  the 
tabloid  newspapers  she  finished  before  the 
plane  took  off. 

My  curiosity  was  stirred  in  part  because  of 
the  book  I  was  reading,  BookMarks:  Reading 
in  Black  and  White,  A  Memoir  by  Karla  Hol- 
loway, who  is  the  William 
R.  Kenan  Professor  of  Eng- 
lish at  Duke.  Holloway 
analyzes  how  the  books  they 
read  "marked"  African- 
American  writers  from  Fred- 
erick Douglass  to  Rita  Dove. 
She  argues  that  the  mark  of 
one's  reading  had  a  special 
meaning  for  those  who  car- 
ried a  legacy  of  slavery  and 
segregation.  But  as  the  sub- 
title confirms,  her  book  is 
very  much  a  reflection  on 
the  role  that  books  have 
played  in  her  personal  his- 
tory as  a  source  of  pleasure, 
refuge,  and  enlightenment.  Although  she  is 
a  prominent  scholar  whose  deep  literary 
knowledge  shines  throughout,  Holloway 
writes  here  for  the  general  reader.  In  Book- 
Marks'  most  memorable  passages,  the  narra- 
tive that  charts  a  signal  aspect  of  African- 
American  literary  history  converges  with 
Holloway 's  personal  narrative  in  clarifying 
and  poignant  ways. 

Although  we  think  of  reading  as  a  soli- 
tary practice,  readers  and  their  locations 
have  social  meanings.  American  history 
reveals  this  truth  unmistakably.  In  the  nine- 


What  Holloway 
documents  persua- 
sively and  eloquently 
is  that  for  generations 
of  black  readers, 
books  opened  up 
possibilities  of  self 
definition  that  the 
society  denied. 


teenth  century,  it  was  against  the  law  in 
several  states  to  teach  an  enslaved  person  to 
read  and  write.  Until  the  1960s,  segregation 
deprived  many  black  Americans  of  access 
to  public  libraries.  Some  of  the  most  famous 
scenes  in  black  literature  represent  the 
struggle  for  literacy.  I  think,  for  example,  of 
Frederick  Douglass'  1845  Narrative  in  which 
he  describes  giving  white  boys  bread  in 
exchange  for  surreptitious  reading  lessons. 
When  the  twelve-year  old  Douglass  secures 
a  copy  of  The  Columbian  Orator,  a  forbidden 
abolitionist  tract,  he  finds  his  desire  for  free- 
dom affirmed.  A  century  later,  in  Black  Boy 
(1945),  Richard  Wright  recalls  taking  a 
forged  note  to  the  main  desk  of  the  Mem- 
phis Public  Library  and  borrowing  books  by 
H.L.  Mencken,  whose  unpopularity  among 
whites  in  Memphis  was  one  reason  Wright 
was  so  eager  to  read  his 
books.  Douglass  and  Wright 
had  to  break  the  law  in  or- 
der to  read.  No  wonder  they 
took  such  pride  in  letting 
their  readers  know  what 
books  they  had  read. 

Most  of  the  writers  in 
BookMarks  grew  up  on  the 
classics  of  Western  litera- 
ture. From  W.E.B.  Du  Bois 
to  Maya  Angelou,  they 
embraced  the  books  that 
promised  a  world  in  which 
they  could  transcend  racial 
barriers. 
As  Du  Bois  writes  in  The 
Souls  of  Black  Folk  (1903),  "I  sit  with 
Shakespeare  and  he  winces  not.  Across  the 
color  line  I  move  arm  in  arm  with  Balzac 
and  Dumas,  where  smiling  men  and  wel- 
coming women  glide  in  gilded  halls....  So, 
wed  with  Truth,  I  dwell  above  the  veil." 
Holloway  interprets  Du  Bois'  stance  as  elit- 
ist. I  disagree.  It  impresses  me  as  a  bold  act 
of  self  assertion.  What  Holloway  documents 
persuasively  and  eloquently  is  that  for  gen- 
erations of  black  readers,  books  opened  up 
possibilities  of  self  definition  that  the  socie- 
ty denied. 


BookMarks 


Reading  in  Black  and  Whii 


LX 


The  illustrations  in  BookMarks  tell  a  story 
of  their  own.  They  include  the  whites-only 
Memphis  Library  that  Wright  described  as 
well  as  the  Durham  Colored  Library,  which 
nurtured  the  spirit  of  writer  Pauli  Murray. 
The  135th  Street  Library  in  Harlem,  where 
writers  from  the  Harlem  Renaissance  of  the 
1920s  to  the  Black  Arts  Movement  of  the 
1960s  immersed  themselves  in  books  by  and 
about  black  people,  is  pictured.  Most  strik- 
ingly, the  illustrations  include  prison  libraries, 
such  as  the  one  in  Massachusetts  where  Mal- 
colm X  began  his  transformation  from  petty 
criminal  to  visionary  leader.  A  chapter  in 
BookMarks  is  devoted  to  accounts  of  writers 
whose  reading  room  was  the  prison  cell. 

Holloway,  who  grew  up  in  Buffalo,  New 
York,  recognized  early  on  that  adults  in- 
ferred something  about  who  she  was  based 
on  what  she  read.  Even  in  upstate  New  York, 
reading  was  a  racialized  experience.  Hollo- 
way's  mother,  a  language-arts  teacher,  once 
protested  the  inclusion  of  a  Tarzan  story  in  a 
reading  textbook.  Several  years  later,  she  and 
Holloway,  then  a  teenager,  selected  texts  by 
black  writers  for  inclusion  in  a  revised  an- 
thology. For  Holloway,  reading  was  also  a 
precious  and  private  way  of  knowing  the 
world  and  the  self.  It  was  a  gift  she  received 
at  home  and  in  school.  It  was  a  gift  she 
wanted  to  pass  on  to  her  own  children.  How 
she  succeeded  and  failed  is  a  story  that 
inspires  and  breaks  the  heart. 

— Cheryl  A.  Wall 

Wall  is  Board  of  Governors  Professor  of 
English  at  Rutgers  University  and  the  author, 
most  recently,  of  Worrying  the  Line: 
Black  Women  Writers,  Lineage,  and 
Literary  Tradition. 


54 


PUKE  MAGAZINE 


It's  Not  About  the  Truth:  The  Untold  Story  of  the  Duke  Lacrosse  Case 
and  the  Lives  It  Shattered 

By  Don  Yaeger  with  Mike  Pressler.  Threshold  Editions,  2007.  336  pages.  $25. 


If  you  like  FOX  News,  with  its  simplis- 
tic, partisan  portrayals  of  complex  is- 
sues, you'll  probably  love  It's  Not  About 
the  Truth,  the  exculpatory  tome  cranked 
out  by  writer  Don  Yaeger  with  the  coopera- 
tion of  former  Duke  lacrosse  coach  Mike 
Pressler.  Like  The  O'Reilly  Factor,  it's  part 
polemic,  part  primal  scream,  and  its  mes- 
sage comes  in  loud  and  clear.  Lacrosse  play- 
ers: good.  Duke  faculty  and  administration: 
very,  very  bad. 

The  Duke  lacrosse  scandal  deserves  bet- 
ter than  this.  A  lot  has  happened  since  the 
infamous  party  at  610  N.  Buchanan,  and 
while  we  now  know  that  the  allegations  were 
false  and  the  conduct  of  the  prosecutor  was 
reprehensible,  plenty  of  important  ques- 
tions still  hang  in  the  air.  Such  as:  Why  did 
the  lacrosse  team's  pattern  of  bad  behavior 
go  unchecked  for  years  by  the  university's 
student  and  athletics  administration? 

Why  was  athletics  director  Joe  Alleva  ap- 
parently unwilling  or  unable  to  hold  la- 
crosse and  golf,  with  their  relatively  high 
numbers  of  alcohol-related  citations,  to  the 
same  tough  standard  that  is  seemingly  ap- 
plied to  higher-profile  basketball  and  foot- 
ball, not  to  mention  the  Greek  system? 

And  why  shouldn't  a 
coach,  in  any  sport,  be 
held  responsible  for 
what  happens  on  his  or 
her  watch?  Wasn't  that 
precedent  set  years  ago 
in  the  ACC  when  Lefty 
Driesell  '54  of  Mary- 
land, and  later  Jim  Val- 
vano  of  North  Carolina 
State,  got  the  gate? 

I  have  no  connection 
with  Duke  at  present, 
beyond  rooting  for  the 
basketball  and  football 
teams  (and  taking  plen- 
ty of  heat  for  it  from  my 
colleagues)  and  occa- 
sionally writing  for  this 
magazine.  Like  a  lot  of 


IT'S  NOT  ABOUT  THE 

TRUTH 


DON    YAEGER 


alumni,  I  feel  as  if  I  need  delousing  every 
time  I  read  about  the  principal  elements  of 
the  lacrosse  scandal:  athletes  who  thought 
it  was  a  good  idea  to  hire  strippers  to  come 
to  a  party;  strippers  who  showed  up  wasted 
and  then  told  fanciful  stories  to  Duke-hat- 
ing cops  eager  to  promote  them;  a  desper- 
ately incompetent  DA.;  a  credulous  facul- 
ty; a  grasping  media. 

Last  summer  I  was  the  editor  of  an  ESPN 
The  Magazine  feature  in  which  we  struggled 
to  represent  fairly  the  viewpoints  of  six  peo- 
ple on  all  sides  whose  lives  had  been  changed. 
Not  an  easy  task,  because  the  story  wasn't, 
in  the  end,  a  black-and-white  one.  In  Yae- 
ger's  world,  as  in  O'Reilly's,  there  are  no 
shades  of  gray.  The  Duke  faculty  is  pointy- 
headed  and  hopelessly  liberal,  and  there's 
no  possible  way  to  imagine  that  at  least  some 
of  the  eighty-eight  signers  of  the  "What 
Does  A  Social  Disaster  Sound  Like"  ad  in 
The  Chronicle  actually  were  responding  as 
human  beings  to  the  legitimate  concerns  of 
their  students. 

According  to  this  view,  President  Rich- 
ard H.  Brodhead  had  no  business  defusing  a 
potentially  explosive  situation  by  cutting 
short  the  lacrosse  team's  season  in  the  wake 
of  a  player's  racially 
inflammatory  e-mail 
message  at  the  worst 
possible  time.  And 
now,  Pressler  and  the 
players  are  to  be  re- 
membered as  heroes — 
martyrs,  even — de- 
spite the  willful  igno- 
rance and  youthful 
stupidity  that  led  to 
this  whole  dreadful 
episode  in  the  first 
place?  Come  on. 

As  a  window  into 
the  experiences  of  fun- 
damentally decent 
people  swept  up  in  a 
maelstrom,  the  story  of 
Pressler  and  his  family 


had  every  chance  to  be  insightful  and  com- 
pelling. But  the  coach  made  the  unfortu- 
nate choice  of  throwing  in  with  Yaeger,  a 
Florida  lobbyist  best  known  as  the  author 
of  a  Sports  Illustrated  "expose"  on  former 
Alabama  football  coach  Mike  Price's  big 
night  out  at  a  strip  joint  in  Pensacola  a  few 
years  ago. 

Price  filed  a  $20  million  libel  lawsuit  over 
sensational,  but  hotly  disputed,  anonymous 
quotes.  The  magazine  eventually  settled, 
and  Yaeger  quietly  disappeared  from  its 
masthead.  Now  he's  back  in  print,  which  is 
great  news  if  you  enjoy  sentences  like  "In 
these  clubs  the  drinks  are  cheap  and  the 
women,  even  cheaper,"  and  "Nifong  jumped 
on  his  media  opportunity  like  a  fat  kid  on 
a  cake." 

It's  Not  About  the  Truth,  which  takes  its 
title  from  something  Alleva  allegedly  told 
Pressler  as  the  scandal  blew  up  around  them 
(a  claim  Alleva  denies),  is  not  without  its 
high  points.  Although  there  are  no  foot- 
notes or  chapter  notes,  Yaeger  says  he  inter- 
viewed more  than  100  people  in  addition  to 
mining  a  vast  trove  of  clips,  and  he  pro- 
duces the  most  credible  minute-by-minute 
walk-through  I've  seen  of  what  actually  oc- 
curred in  and  around  the  "lacrosse  house" 
that  night. 

The  book  also  offers  a  lively  portrait  of 
the  Durham  cop  who  delighted  in  harassing 
Duke  students,  and  while  its  treatment  of 
Mike  Nifong  is  cartoonish,  it's  also  as  irre- 
sistible as  turning  your  head  to  check  out  a 
wreck  on  the  highway. 

Unfortunately,  there  are  twenty-three 
more  chapters.  Toward  the  end,  Bill  O'Reilly 
himself  makes  a  cameo,  and  Ann  Coulter, 
who  has  perhaps  done  more  than  anyone 
else  to  lower  the  level  of  America's  public 
discourse,  also  takes  a  turn  as  an  analyst. 
Which  leads  me  to  one  last  unanswered 
question:  At  some  point,  can  we  please 
have  a  treatment  of  this  case  that  is  more 
fair  and  balanced? 

— Jon  Scher 


Scher  '84  is  a  senior  editor  at  ESPN 
The  Magazine. 


September -October  2007 


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1 


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>^&*  v^A* .     «jt*\  urn 


^w 


& 


"I  have  such  a  full  life  at  Duke." 


NAOMI    HARRIS    T'1  0 


Alumni  Register 


East  Campus,  mid-1960s 


"  ■■&:■■■  •-.■ 


Alumni  Register 


Distinguished  Couple 

Pete  and  Ginny  Nicholas  have  been 
familiar  to  generations  of  those  with 
strong  Duke  ties.  And  they've  left  a 
mark  that  is  certain  to  endure  for 
generations.  So  it  is  fitting  that  the  Boston- 
based  couple  has  been  chosen  to  receive  the 
2007  Distinguished  Alumni  Award,  to  be 
presented  during  Founders'  Day  ceremonies 
on  September  27. 

Established  in  1983  by  the  Duke  Alumni 
Association,  the  award  is  given  to  alumni 
who  have  made  significant  contributions  in 
their  own  fields,  in  service  to  the  university, 
or  for  the  betterment  of  humanity.  The 
Nicholases  were  selected  from  nominations 
made  by  Duke  alumni,  faculty  members, 
trustees,  administrators,  and  students. 

Ruth  Virginia  "Ginny"  Lilly  Nicholas  '64 
was  an  English  major  at  Duke  and  partici- 
pated in  a  range  of  activities,  from  the  cam- 
pus service  organization  White  Duchy  to 
the  YWCA.  Since  graduation,  she  has  vol- 
unteered as  an  admissions  adviser,  chair  of 
the  executive  committee  of  the  Duke  An- 
nual Fund,  and  reunion  class  chair.  In  addi- 
tion to  serving  many  Boston-area  charitable 
organizations,  she  is  the  founder  and  presi- 
dent of  Open  Market  of  Concord,  Massa- 
chusetts. Open  Market  is  affiliated  with  Aid 
to  Artisans,  a  nonprofit  organization  dedi- 
cated to  supporting  craftspeople  around  the 
world. 

As  a  Duke  undergraduate,  Peter  M.  Nich- 
olas '64  majored  in  economics  and  was  busi- 
ness manager  of  the  Chanticleer.  He  built  on 
that  business  interest  and  went  on  to  earn 
an  M.B.A.  from  the  University  of  Pennsyl- 
vania's Wharton  School.  In  1979  he  co- 
founded  Boston  Scientific  Corp.;  he  re- 
mains the  company's  chair.  With  some 
29,000  employees,  Boston  Scientific  is  a 
leader  in  the  less-invasive  medical-device 
industry.  Its  products  help  physicians  and 
other  medical  professionals  improve  their 
patients'  quality  of  life  by  providing  alterna- 
tives to  surgery.  The  company  operates 
manufacturing,  distributing,  and  technolo- 
gy centers  worldwide,  delivers  more  than 
15,000  products  in  more  than  forty-five 
countries,  and  has  grown  in  revenues  from 


about  $2  million  in  1979  to  more  than  $7.8 
billion  in  2006. 

Pete  Nicholas  has  served  Duke  in  a  vari- 
ety of  capacities,  including  as  trustee  from 
1993  to  2005;  he  was  chair  of  the  board  dur- 
ing his  last  two  years  as  trustee.  He  has  also 
been  a  charter  member  and  chair  of  the 
board  of  visitors  for  the  Trinity  College  of 
Arts  and  Sciences,  a  reunion  class  chair, 
and  a  member  of  the  board  of  the  Duke 
University  Health  System. 

Pete  and  Ginny  Nicholas  were  co-chairs 
of  the  Campaign  for  Duke,  which  ran  from 
1996  through  2003.  The  campaign  provid- 
ed support  for  the  faculty,  student  financial 
aid,  academic  programs,  research,  improve- 
ments to  campus  and  community  life,  and  a 
variety  of  other  areas.  It  raised  $2.36  bil- 
lion— at  the  time,  one  of  the  five  largest 
fundraising  efforts  in  the  history  of  higher 
education. 

Early  in  the  campaign,  the  couple  gave 
$20  million  to  Duke  for  what  would 
become  the  Nicholas  School  of  the  Envi- 
ronment and  Earth  Sciences,  helping  to  lay 
the  foundation  for  the  school  to  play  a  more 
prominent  role  in  environmental  research 
and  policymaking.  They  followed  that  up 
with  a  number  of  other  gifts,  including  the 
Nicholas  Faculty  Leadership  Initiative  in 
2002.  The  last  gift  counted  in  the  campaign 
was  a  record-breaking  $72  million  from  the 
Nicholases — $2  million  for  Perkins  Library 
and  $70  million  earmarked  for  the  Nicholas 
School.  At  the  time,  Pete  Nicholas  said  the 
gift  was  intended  to  enable  the  school  to 
"greatly  expand  its  reach  and  influence  in 
undertaking  critical  research,  training  fu- 
ture leaders,  and  informing  the  debate 
about  issues  that  range  from  global  warming 
to  the  quality  of  our  air  and  water."  The  gift 
remains  the  single-largest  from  an  individ- 
ual or  couple  in  Duke's  history. 

During  the  campaign,  the  couple  also 
supported  programs  at  Fuqua,  Trinity  Col- 
lege, Duke  Divinity  School,  and  Duke 
Medical  Center,  as  well  as  intercollegiate 
athletics. 

The  Nicholas  legacy  at  Duke  continues 
in  other  ways.  The  Nicholases  are  the  par- 
ents of  three  Duke  alumni:  J.K.  Nicholas 
'89,  M.B.A.  '96;  Peter  M.  Nicholas  Jr.  '92, 


M.B.A.  '98;  and  Katherine  Nicholas  Curtis 
'94.  J-K.  Nicholas,  who  is  married  to  Virgin- 
ia Shannon  '88,  serves  on  the  board  of  visi- 
tors of  the  Nicholas  School;  Peter  Nicholas 
Jr.  is  a  member  of  the  Fuqua  School  of 
Business'  board  of  visitors. 

With  the  Nicholas  Faculty  Leadership 
Initiative,  the  entire  Nicholas  Family  ad- 
vanced a  key  campaign  goal  by  providing 
for  an  array  of  endowed  professorships.  The 
$25  million  gift  matched  50  percent  of  the 
gifts  from  others  for  faculty  support,  to  yield 
a  total  of  $75  million.  "The  center  of  our 
Duke  experience  was  in  the  classroom — 
where  great  teachers  literally  changed  our 
lives,"  said  Ginny  Nicholas  in  announcing 
the  initiative. 

Speaking  for  the  faculty,  Peter  Burian, 
chair  of  the  Academic  Council  at  the  time 
and  professor  of  classical  and  comparative 
literatures,  offered  a  memorable  tribute: 
"Etymologically,  'philanthropy'  is  the  love 
of  humanity.  The  kind  of  generosity  we  are 
here  to  celebrate  is  more  than  a  gift  of 
money;  it  is  a  gift  of  love.  Our  donors  are 
philanthrope*!,  lovers  of  their  fellow  human 
beings,  but  even  more  to  the  point,  Peter 
and  Ginny  Nicholas  belong  to  the  smaller 
and  more  select  class  of  what  we  might  call 
philodidaskaloi,  lovers  of  faculty,  and  I  think  I 
speak  for  the  faculty  in  saying  that  we  love 
you  back." 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


CAREER  CORNER 


Big  Sendoff 


Beth  Kay  B.S.N.  '81,  who  grew  up  in 
Cincinnati,  remembers  attending  a 
"matriculation  party"  thrown  for  en- 
tering Duke  first-years  by  a  local  Duke 
alumnus  the  summer  after  she  graduated  from 
high  school.  "It  made  me  feel  less  nervous" 
about  leaving  for  college,  she  says.  One  young 
woman  she  met  at  the  party  ended  up  living 
down  the  hall  from  her.  She  would  fre- 
quently see  another  attendee  on  flights  to 
and  from  Durham  over  the  next  four  years. 
In  those  days,  such  events  were  rare,  at 
Duke  and  elsewhere.  Kay,  who  serves  as  the 
alumni  admissions  advisory  committee  chair 
for  Chicago,  says  that  she  doesn't  remember 
any  of  her  friends  from  high  school  attend- 
ing similar  parties.  Now,  however,  summer 
"send-off  parties,"  where  alumni  gather  to 
greet  incoming  first-year  students  and  send 
them  off  to  school,  are  the  norm  for  Duke 
and  other  colleges  and  universities. 
The  Duke  Alumni  Association  began  co- 


ordinating the  send-off  parties  five  years  ago 
and,  this  year,  held  parties  in  forty-five 
cities  around  the  world,  ranging  from  Port- 
land to  New  York  City  to  Shanghai.  In  July, 
Kay,  whose  daughter  Hannah  entered  Duke 
this  fall,  hosted  her  third  Chicago  send-off 
party  in  six  years.  (She  hosted  one  on  her 
own  before  the  DAA  stepped  in.) 

As  in  Kay's  case,  the  parties,  while  over- 
seen by  DAA  staff  members,  are  often  host- 
ed by  local  alumni,  many  of  whom  are  par- 
ents of  incoming  first-year  students.  At- 
tendance ranges  from  about  twenty-five  in 
smaller  cities,  to  more  than  100  in  places 
like  Boston  and  Charlotte,  and  nearly  200 
at  the  Triangle-area  party  held  on  campus. 
The  events  are  open  not  just  to  incoming 
students,  but  also  to  their  parents,  other 
local  alumni,  and  current  Duke  students. 
"What  I'm  seeing  each  year  is  a  real  growth 
in  the  attendance  numbers  of  current  stu- 
dents and  recent  graduates,"  who  serve  as  a 
resource  for  curious  first-years,  as  well  as 
their  parents,  says  Chris  O'Neill  '95,  assis- 
tant director  of  regional  programs  for  DAA. 

"There's  excitement,  but  there's  also 
some  trepidation"  on  the  part  of  the  par- 
ents, O'Neill  says.  "The  current  students 
really  help  with  that.  Parents  can  see  that 
these  are  upperclassmen  who've  come  and 
been  successful  and  are  happy." 


Campus  connections:  At  the  Triangle 
send-off  party,  held  in  the  Fuqua  School'! 
Fox  Student  Center,  new  students  meet 
classmates  and  local  alumni 
t 


AsJc  the  Expert 

I'm  a  liberal-arts  grad  who  graduated  from 
Duke  several  years  ago.  Although  I've 
developed  many  skills  that  my  bosses  have 
found  useful  and  I've  received  good  evalua- 
tions, I'm  already  on  my  second  career 
and  third  job.  Is  this  normal? 

ou're  not  only  normal,  you're 
typical  of  your  peer  group.  In  the 
past,  students  found  jobs  in  their 
senior  year  and  expected  to  stay 
with  their  companies  for  many  years. 
But  a  recent  study  of  Duke  graduates 
discovered  how  much  has  changed. 
While  92  percent  of  the  Class  of  2001 
was  initially  satisfied  with  their  post- 
graduation  career  choices,  36  percent 
changed  jobs  within  a  year  of  gradua- 
tion. And,  within  five  years,  43  percent 
of  the  class  had  changed  not  only  jobs, 
but  careers. 

It's  clear  that  a  certain  amount  of  job 
changing  is  now  acceptable,  particularly 
in  the  years  immediately  after  gradua- 
tion. And,  if  those  changes  are  due  to 
promotions,  you're  golden.  But  move 
around  too  much  in  different  compa- 
nies and  fields,  and  you'll  discover  that 
it  becomes  more  difficult  to  find  good 
opportunities.  That's  because  few 
employers  want  to  take  a  bet  on  some- 
one who  doesn't  appear  to  know  what 
he  wants.  If  you're  really  confused  about 
your  career  direction,  consider  working 
for  a  temporary  agency.  A  year  there 
looks  much  better  on  your  resume  than 
a  series  of  short-term  jobs. 

Most  college  grads  in  their  twenties 
spend  significant  time  thinking  about 
their  careers.  If  finding  a  good  fit  is 
important  to  you,  step  back  and  smell 
the  roses.  Assess  your  experiences  so  far, 
and  evaluate  what  you  love  to  do  and 
the  tasks  you  hate.  Then  start  talking  to 
people — particularly  alumni — about 
their  careers  and  how  they  got  there. 
Build  your  networks,  and  your  next 
move  may  be  the  start  of  a  new  career. 

— Sheila  Curran 


Curran  is  the  Fannie  Mitchell  Executive 
Director  of  the  Career  Center. 

The  Career  Center,  in  partnership  with 
the  DAA,  provides  career  advice  to 
alumni.  Send  questions  or  inquiries  to 
career-alumni@s  tuden  taffairs  .duke,  edit . 


September-October  2007 


Duke  Alumni  Association 

Board  of  Directors,  2007-08 

President:  Thomas  C.Clark '69 

President-elect:  Ann  Pelham  74 

Secretary-treasurer:  Sterly  L.  Wilder  '83 

Vice  Presidents: 

J.  Brett  Bennett  M.H.A. '86 

Ann  Wooster  Elliott  '88 

Amy  Schick  Kenney  '96,  M.E.M.  '98 

Hardy  Vieux  '93 

Derek  Moody  Wilson '86,  M.B.A. '90 

Duke  Magazine  Editorial  Advisory  Board  representative: 

Peter  Applebome  71 
Directors-at-large: 
Nelson  C.Bellido '89 
Matthew  F.Bostock  '91 
Emily  Busse  Bragg  78 
Daniel  M.  Dickinson  B.S.E. '83 
Julia  Borger  Ferguson  '81 
ArtynHaig  Gardner  73 
William  Thomas  Graham '56 
Stacey  Maya  Gray  '95 
Roseann  Viscomi  Hassey  '83 
Jeffrey  C.Howard  76 
Theodore  J.  Humphrey  II  B.S.M.E.  '61 
Anne  DeVoe  Lawler  75 
Jeremiah  O.Norton '00 
John  David  Ross  Jr. '92 
Caroline  Christy  Susman '88 
Dawn  M.  Taylor '89 
MelviaL  Wallace  '85 
James  V.Walsh  74 
Samuel  Wei  Teh  Wang '86 
Professional  school  representatives: 
Carmichael  Roberts  Jr.  '90,  Ph.D.  '95 

Graduate  School  of  Arts  and  Sciences 
Wyman  Frasier  Davis  '87,  M.Div.  '95,  Divinity  School 
Elizabeth  W.  Parker  M.B.A.  '85,  Fuqua  School  of  Business 
Amy  Schick  Kenney '96,  M.E.M. '98 

Nicholas  School  of  the  Environment  and  Earth  Sciences 
Timothy  R.  Davis  B.S.E.  '92,  Pratt  School  of  Engineering 
J.  Brett  Bennett  M.H.A.  '86 

Department  of  Health  Administration 
Lori  Terens  Holshouser  77,  J.D.  '80,  School  of  Law 
William  Cooke  Andrews  Jr.  76,  M.D.  '80,  School  of  Medicine 
Martha  Cohn  Romney  B.S.N.  77,  School  of  Nursing 
Holly  Eggcrt  Duchene  D.P.T.  '03 

Graduate  Program  in  Physical  Therapy 
Faculty  representatives: 
James  N.Siedow, 

Professor  of  Biology  and  Vice  Provost  for  Research 
Thomas  W.  Robisheaux  74,  Associate  Professor  of  History 
Student  representatives: 
Hasnain  Zaidi  '08,  President,  Class  of  2008 
Lauren  Lee-Houghton  '09,  President,  Class  of  2009 
Render  Braswell  '10,  President,  Class  of  2010 
Paul  Slattery  '08,  President,  Duke  Student  Gover,  iment 
Crystal  Brown  L '08,  President, 

Graduate  and  Professional  Student  Council 
Honorary  members: 

N.  Allison  Haltom  72,  Vice  President  and  University  Secretary 
William  E.  King  '61,  A.M.  '63,  Ph.D.  70 

University  Archivist  Emeritus 
Suzanne  J.  Wasiolek  76,  M.H.A.  78,  LL.M.  '93 

Assistant  Vice  President  for  Student  Affairs 
Gerald  L.  Wilson  B.D.  '61,  A.M.  '68 

Senior  Associate  Dean,  Trinity  College 


RETROSPECTIVE 


Selections  from  the  University  Archives 


Last  May  Max  Wicker  '49,  B.D.  '52,  an  unsung 
hero  of  the  early  efforts  to  desegregate  Duke, 
died  quietly.  At  Duke,  Wicker  and  several  of  his 
classmates,  including  Henry  Bizzell  Jr.  '49, 
M.Div.  '52  and  Bob  Regan  '49,  M.Div.  '52,  promoted 
a  petition  proposing  to  integrate  the  Divinity  School 
in  1949. 

Together  with  other  members  of  Kappa  Chi, 
the  pre-ministerial  honor  fraternity,  they  circulated 
a  petition  requesting  thaf'the  facilities  of  all 
Divinity  schools  should  be  available  to  members  of 
all  races,  and  that  interracial  experience  during  our 
training  is  necessary  if  we  are  to  have  a  true  under- 
standing of  Christian  brotherhood."  Among  the 
160  petitioners  were  a  number  of  World  War  II 
veterans  who  had  served  with  African  Americans 
in  the  war.  After  their  return,  many  found  a  segregat- 
ed society  unacceptable. 

Wicker  recruited  his  roommate  (and  my  father) 
Dwight  Pyatt  '49,  M.Div.  '52  to  participate.  George 


Tyson  '50,  B.D.  '55,  the  uncle  of  Duke  faculty  member 
Tim  Tyson  Ph.D  '94,  was  also  a  signer.  (The  younger 
Tyson  is  the  author  of  the  acclaimed  Blood  Done  Sign 
My  Name,  about  growing  up  in  Oxford  with  a  father 
who  was  the  town's  anti-segregationist  Methodist 
minister.)  President  Hollis  Edens,  while  privately 
supportive  of  the  petition,  told  the  students  that 
Duke  could  not  get  too  far  ahead  of  society.  Most 
of  the  students  felt  that  he  was  waiting  for  the 
University  of  North  Carolina  at  Chapel  Hill  to  deseg- 
regate first. 

It  would  be  over  a  decade  before  the  board  of 
trustees  "resolved  that  qualified  applicants  may  be 
admitted  to  degree  programs  in  the  Graduate  and 
Professional  Schools  in  Duke  University,  effective 
September  1, 1961,  without  regard  to  race,  creed,  or 
national  origin." Changes  in  undergraduate  admis- 
sions followed  two  years  later,  in  1963. 


-Tim  Pyatt  '81,  University  Archivist 


s 

-, 


! 


Standing  for  what's  right: 


These  days,  of  course,  it  may  be  the  par- 
ents who  need  the  parties  as  much  as  the 
students.  Kay,  Hannah's  mother,  found  that 
by  the  time  the  July  and  August  parties 
rolled  around,  her  daughter  and  many  of 
the  other  students  had  long  since  connect- 
ed with  other  soon-to-be  Blue  Devils  who 
live  nearby  via  Facebook,  which  is  search- 
able by  college  and  hometown. 


As  of  June,  her  daughter  and  some  of  her 
new  classmates  had  already  gathered  for 
meals  around  town  three  times.  Parents  who 
attended  the  reception,  on  the  other  hand, 
were  more  likely  to  be  having  their  first 
face-to-face  contact  with  Duke  since  their 
children  were  accepted,  and,  says  Kay,  "par- 
ents often  have  questions  that  their  kids 
don't  even  think  about." 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Come  home  to  Duke — 

and  to  better  health 


Indulge  in  a  day  of  self-care  during  your  alumni  weekend.  Duke  offers  a 
selection  of  signature  health  programs  designed  to  meet  your  individual 
needs  and  optimize  your  personal  health — so  you  can  truly  live  well.  Take 
a  dip  into  our  wellspring  of  options  and  see  if  one  might  be  for  you: 


OUR   SIGNATURE    HEALTH    PROGRAMS 


Duke  Integrative  Medicine 

dukeintegrativemedicine.org 


To  speak  with  one  of  our 
health  navigators  by  phone, 
please  call  1-919-660-6697 


September -October  2007 


Class  Notes 


WRITE:  Class  Notes  Editor,  Duke  Magazine, 
Box  90572,  Durham,  N.C.  27708 

FAX:  (919)  681-1659  (typed  only,  please) 

E-MAIL:  dukemag@duke.edu 

(Include  your  full  name,  address,  and  class  year.) 

CHANGE  OF  ADDRESS:  Alumni  Records, 
Box  90581,  Durham,  N.C.  27708. 
Please  include  mailing  label. 

E-MAIL  ADDRESS  CHANGES  TO:  hluedevil@duke.edu 

NOTICE:  Because  of  the  volume  of  class  note  material 
we  receive  and  the  long  lead  time  required  for 
typesetting,  design,  and  printing,  your  submission 
may  not  appear  tor  two  to  three  issues.  Alumni  are 
urged  to  include  spouses'  names  in  marriage  and  birth 
its.  We  do  not  record  engagements. 


Half-Century  Club 


John  L.  Vogel  46,  M.D.  '50  and  Eunice  Latty 

Vogel  '50  are  the  grandparents  of  Hayden  Panettiere, 
the  indestructible  cheerleader  on  the  NBC  show  Heroes. 

Jo  Ann  Dalton  B.S.N.  '57  was  named  Distinguished 
Alumna  for  2007  by  Duke's  School  of  Nursing. 


1960s 


Samuel  L.  Finklea  '67  was  recognized  as  the  2007 
Outstanding  Graduate  Alumnus  of  the  University  of 
South  Carolina'-.  College  of  Art*  and  Sciences. 


held 


John  J.  Davis  '68,  Ph.D.  '75  was  invited  to 
at  the  first  Open  Theology  and  Science  Semiri 
this  summer  at  Eastern  Nazarene  College.  Davis  is  a 
professor  of  systematic  theology  and  Christian  ethics 
at  Gordon-Conwell  Theological  Seminary. 

J.  Anthony  Manger  Jr.  '69  has  been  selected  for 
inclusion  in  the  health-care  section  of  Neu'  Jersey 
Super  Lawyers  2007. 


1970s 


Catherine  L.  Gilliss  B.S.N.  '71  received  an  hon- 
orary doctorate  from  the  University  of  Portland  in  May. 
Gilliss  addressed  the  nursing  school's  graduates  at  their 
"pinning  ceremony."  She  is  dean  of  Duke's  School  of 
Nursing  and  vice  chancellor  for  nursing  affairs. 

Brenda  Nevidjon  B.S.N.  '72  is  president-elect 
of  the  Oncology  Nursing  Society.  She  will  assume 
the  two-year  presidency  in  2008.  She  is  clinical 
professor  and  chair  of  the  master's  program  at  Duke's 

Mignon  Durham  '73  has  been  named  assistant 
vice  chancellor  for  development  at  UNC-Asheville. 
She  also  recently  created  the  Toe  Riv  -t  Valley  Watch 
(TRVW),  a  nonprofit  dedicated  to  bringing  the  Toe 
River  Valley  community  together  to  address  environ- 
mental and  economic  challenges  in  Mitchell  and 
Yancey  counties.  Durham  and  TRVW  were  featured 
in  the  April  issue  of  Our  State  magazine. 

Diane  Holditch-Davis  B.S.N.  73  has  been  named 
Marcus  Hobbs  Professor  of  nursing  at  Duke.  She  is  the 
first  university  distinguished  professor  to  be  named 
from  the  faculty  of  the  nursing  school.  Her  research 
focuses  on  addressing  the  immediate  and  long-term 
effects  of  premature  birth  on  infant  and  child  devel- 


MINI-PROFILE 


Bettie  Anne  Young 
Doebler'53,  A.M. '55, 
modern-day  scribe 
inspired  by  seventeenth- 
century  literature 

Should  you  visit  University 
College  at  Arizona  State 
University  in  Scottsdale, 
you  might  overhear  English 
professor  emerita  Bettie  Anne 
Doebler's  gentle  North  Carolina  voice 
reciting  John  Donne  or  introducing 
Shakespeare  to  another  lucky  gener- 
ation of  students. 

An  expert  in  seventeenth-century 
British  literature,  Doebler  earned  her 
undergraduate  and  master's  degrees 
in  English  at  Duke,  and  her  doctorate 
from  the  University  of  Wisconsin.  She 
taught  at  Dickinson  College  and  Ari- 
zona State  University  in  Tempe  before 
retiring  in  1996  to  devote  herself  to 
writing  and  publishing  poetry.  But 
the  classroom  still  called  to  her. 

"I  felt  rather  useless,  even  though 
I  was  still  writing,"she  says. "I  need- 
ed people  to  talk  with  seriously,  and  I 
even  found  myself  reading  sort  of 
sloppily." 

So,  in  2006,  back  she  went.  She 
teaches  several  courses  in  an  ASU 
interdisciplinary  studies  program,  "a 
new  project  that  tries  to  make  the 
university  more  accessible  to  the 
community.  My  classes  are  about 
finding  a  habit  of  mind,  about  how 
to  think.  I  teach  a  lot  of  literature 
that  encourages  empathy — and  we 
read  a  lot  of  poetry." 

Doebler's  passion  for  poetry  and 
books  began  during  her  childhood  in 
Greenville,  North  Carolina.  Her  parents, 
both  Duke  Class  of  1 925,  read  to  her 
— and  to  each  other,  Doebler  recalls. 

Doebler  started  writing  early.  "I 
have  written  poetry  since  I  first 
began  to  imitate  nursery  rhymes  in 
grade  school,"  she  says  on  her  faculty 
home  page  (www.asu.edu/clas/ 
english/who/doebler.htm).  That  life- 
long habit  led  to  the  publication  of 


poems  in  magazines  such  as  The 
Awakenings  Review  and  The  Anglican 
Theological  Review,  and  the  British 
journals  Poetic  Realm  and  East  of 
Auden.  Herfine  press  chapbook, 
Breathing  Between  Dances,  was  pub- 
lished in  July  2007. 

These  works  join  her  two  major 
critical  studies,  The  Quickening  Seed: 
Death  in  the  Sermons  of  John  Donne 
(1 974)  and  Rooted  Sorrow:  Dying  in 
Early  Modern  England  (1994)  on  the 
bookshelf.  In  addition,  during  the 
last  decade,  she  has  co-edited  and 
co-written  with  a  colleague  in  history 
introductions  to  an  eight-volume 
series,  Funeral  Sermons  Published  for 
Women  between  1600  and  1630. 
The  last  volume  is  Donne's  Sermon 
of  Commemoration  for  Lady  Mag- 
dalen Danvers. 

In  2008,  her  first  mystery  novel, 
Lost  Sheep,  set  in  Cornwall  and  other 
parts  of  England,  will  be  added  to 
her  bibliography.  The  novel  centers 
on  the  theft  of  manuscripts  from 
British  rare  book  collections.  (In  her 
scholarly  life,  Doebler  haunted  the 
British  Library  and  the  Bodleian  at 
the  University  of  Oxford.) 

In  the  classroom  of  distinguished 
professor  William  Blackburn  at  Duke, 
says  Doebler,  "I  discovered  my  desire 
to  live  in  the  seventeenth  century." 


She  also  met  her  husband,  Shakes- 
peare scholar  John  Doebler  '54,  in 
Blackburn's  class.  After  marrying, 
the  pair  moved  from  Durham  to 
Madison,  where  both  pursued  their 
doctorates  at  the  University  of 
Wisconsin.  It  was  there  that  the 
Renaissance  scholar  Ruth  Wallerstein 
suggested  that  Doebler  might  be 
interested  in  the  subject  of  death  in 
the  seventeenth  century. 

"I  had  become  irritated  with 
critic  who  said  John  Donne  was 
obsessed  with  death,"  says  Doebler. 
"I  thought  there  was  something 
broader  in  the  period  that  explained 
it.  I  have  carried  that  major  interest 
through  my  most  important  work 
as  a  scholar." 

After  her  husband  died  in  1994, 
Doebler  started  writing  more  seri- 
ously— poems  of  mourning  and 
grief.  "I  started  out  writing  poems 
that  were  at  least  partially  in  imita- 
tion of  my  favorite  poet,  John  Donne, 
but  in  recent  years  I  have  developed 
a  more  modern  voice."  Poetry,  she 
says,  is  "the  necessary  oxygen  pro- 
vided to  me  for  life." 

— Catherine  O'Neill  Grace 

Grace  is  a  freelance  writer  who  studied 
seventeenth-century  poetry  at  the 
Johns  Hopkins  University. 


64         DUKE  MAGAZINE 


EDUCATIONAL  ADVENTURES  ZQ08 


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Duke 

ALUMNI    ASSOCIATION 

EDUCATION  &  TRAVEL 

ww.dukepassport.com     --=  •  '  i 

15    <£ 

Class  Notes 


WRITE:  Class  Notes  Editor,  Duke  Magazine, 
Box  90572,  Durham,  N.C.  27708 

FAX:  (919)  681-1659  (typed  only,  please) 

E-MAIL:  dukemagi@duke.edu 

(Include  your  full  name,  address,  and  class  year.) 

CHANGE  OF  ADDRESS:  Alumni  Records, 
Box  90581,  Durham,  N.C.  27708. 
Please  include  mailing  label. 

E-MAIL  ADDRESS  CHANGES  TO:  hluedevil@duke.edu 

NOTICE:  Because  of  the  volume  of  class  note  material 
we  receive  and  the  long  lead  tune  required  for 
typesetting,  design,  and  printing,  your  submission 
may  not  appear  for  two  to  three  issues.  Alumni  are 
urged  to  include  spouses'  names  in  marriage  and  birth 
We  do  not  record  engagements. 


Half-Century  Club 

John  L.  Vogel  '46,  M.D.  '50  and  Eunice  Latty 

Vogel  '50  are  the  grandparents  of  Hayden  Panettiere, 
the  indestructible  cheerleader  i  in  the  NBC  show  Heroes. 
Jo  Ann  Dalton  B.S.N.  '57  was  named  Distinguished 
Alumna  tor  2007  by  Duke's  School  of  Nursing. 


1960s 


Samuel  L.  Finklea  '67  was  recognized  as  the  2007 
Outstanding  Graduate  Alumnus  of  the  University  of 
South  Carolina's  College  of  Arts  and  Sciences. 

John  J.  Davis  '68,  Ph.D.  '75  was  invited  to  speak 
at  the  first  Open  Theology  and  Science  Seminar  held 
this  summer  at  Eastern  Na:arene  College.  Davis  is  a 
professor  of  systematic  theology  and  Christian  ethics 
at  Gordon-Conwell  Theological  Seminary. 

J.  Anthony  Manger  Jr.  '69  has  been  selected  for 
inclusion  in  the  health-care  section  of  Neu>  Jersey 
Super  Lawyers  2007. 


1970s 


Catherine  L.  Gilliss  B.S.N.  '71  received  an  hon- 
orary doctorate  from  the  University  of  Portland  in  May. 
Gilliss  addressed  the  nursing  schi  ><  il's  graduates  at  their 
"pinning  ceremony."  She  is  dean  of  Duke's  School  of 

Nursing  and  vice  chancellor  for  nursing  affairs. 

Brenda  Nevidjon  B.S.N.  '72  is  president-elect 
of  the  Oncology  Nursing  Society.  She  will  assume 
the  two-year  presidency  in  2008.  She  is  clinical 
professor  and  chair  of  the  master's  program  at  Duke's 
School  of  Nursing. 

Mignon  Durham  '73  has  been  named  assistant 
vice  chancellor  tor  development  at  UNC-Asheville. 
She  also  recently  created  the  Toe  River  Valley  Watch 
(TRVW),  a  nonprofit  dedicated  to  bringing  the  Toe 
River  Valley  community  together  to  address  environ- 
mental and  economic  challenges  in  Mitchell  and 
Yancey  counties.  Durham  and  TRVW  were  featured 
in  the  April  issue  of  Our  State  magazine. 

Diane  Holditch-Davis  B.S.N.  '73  has  been  named 
Marcus  Hobbs  Professor  of  nursing  at  Duke.  She  is  the 
first  university  distinguished  professor  to  be  named 
from  the  faculty  of  the  nursing  school.  Her  research 
focuses  on  addressing  the  immediate  and  long-term 
effects  of  premature  birth  on  infant  and  child  devel- 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


MINI-PROFILE 


Bettie  Anne  Young 
Doebier '53,  A.M.  '55, 
modern-day  scribe 
inspired  by  seventeenth- 
century  literature 

Should  you  visit  University 
College  at  Arizona  State 
University  in  Scottsdale, 
you  might  overhear  English 
professor  emerita  Bettie  Anne 
Doebler's  gentle  North  Carolina  voice 
reciting  John  Donne  or  introducing 
Shakespeare  to  another  lucky  gener- 
ation of  students. 

An  expert  in  seventeenth-century 
British  literature,  Doebler  earned  her 
undergraduate  and  master's  degrees 
in  English  at  Duke,  and  her  doctorate 
from  the  University  of  Wisconsin.  She 
taught  at  Dickinson  College  and  Ari- 
zona State  University  inTempe  before 
retiring  in  1996  to  devote  herself  to 
writing  and  publishing  poetry.  But 
the  classroom  still  called  to  her. 

"I  felt  rather  useless,  even  though 
I  was  still  writing/'she  says.'l  need- 
ed people  to  talk  with  seriously,  and  I 
even  found  myself  reading  sort  of 
sloppily." 

So,  in  2006,  back  she  went.  She 
teaches  several  courses  in  an  ASU 
interdisciplinary  studies  program,  "a 
new  project  that  tries  to  make  the 
university  more  accessible  to  the 
community.  My  classes  are  about 
finding  a  habit  of  mind,  about  how 
to  think.  I  teach  a  lot  of  literature 
that  encourages  empathy — and  we 
read  a  lot  of  poetry." 

Doebler's  passion  for  poetry  and 
books  began  during  her  childhood  in 
Greenville,  North  Carolina.  Her  parents, 
both  Duke  Class  of  1925,  read  to  her 
—and  to  each  other,  Doebler  recalls. 

Doebler  started  writing  early.  "I 
have  written  poetry  since  I  first 
began  to  imitate  nursery  rhymes  in 
grade  school,"  she  says  on  her  faculty 
home  page  (www.asu.edu/das/ 
english/who/doebler.htm).  That  life- 
long habit  led  to  the  publication  of 


her  husband  Shakes- 


EDUCATIONAL  ADVENTURES  2008 


We're  your  gateway  to  educational  adventures  and  amazing  destinations -on  campus  or  around  the  world. 


\ 


Step  right  up:  Covington,  second 
from  right,  is  the  Big  Apple  Circus' 
jack-of-all-trades 


Donald  Covington  '66,  championing  the  circus 


fthe  different  colors  and 
patterns  that  constitute  the 
fabric  of  Donald  Covington's 
life,  travel  is  the  thread  that 
links  them  all.  As  a  former  U.S.  Navy 
captain,  he  spent  many  years  travel- 
ing around  the  world  to  such  places 
as  Vietnam,  Paris,  and  Hong  Kong. 

Now,  as  company  manager  of  the 
Big  Apple  Circus,  he  continues  his 
life  of  travel,  though  a  few  of  the 
details  have  changed — instead  of 
globetrotting,  he's  state-hopping, 
and  his  colleagues' uniforms  are  now 
clown  costumes. 

As  vastly  different  as  the  two  pro- 
fessions seem,  the  similarities  be- 
tween life  in  the  Navy  and  life  in  the 
circus  are  the  stuff  on  which  Coving- 
ton thrives: The  circus"has  some  of 
the  same  aspects  of  the  things  I  liked 
about  the  military,"  he  says.  "The  job 
is  not  the  same  from  one  day  to  the 
next.  You  never  know  what's  going 
to  happen." 

He  also  notes  that,  like  the  Navy, 
the  circus  brings  together  a  diverse 
group  of  people,  each  of  whom  con- 
tributes a  different  element  to  the 
success  of  the  whole.The  resulting 
camaraderie  and  professionalism  make 
Covington  proud  of  what  he  does. 

Covington's  love  of  circuses  began 
in  childhood.  His  father  ushered  at 
the  Shrine  Circuses  that  came  through 


town,  so  he  got  plenty  of  free  passes. 

At  Duke,  he  pursued  new  fields, 
although  the  circus  was  never  far  from 
mind.  He  wanted  to  be  a  marine  biol- 
ogist, but  his  freshman  chemistry  and 
math  grades  said  otherwise.  He  then 
became  a  psychology  major  and  got 
involved  with  the  music  scene  at 
Duke,  ultimately  joining  the  marching 
and  pep  bands.  At  the  time,  Duke's 
basketball  team  was  doing  well, 
going  to  three  Final  Fours,  so  he  trav- 
eled frequently  with  the  team. 

By  the  time  he  graduated,  the 
Vietnam  War  lottery  was  in  place. 
Hoping  to  avoid  being  drafted,  he 
auditioned  for  the  Navy  band,  but  his 
recruiters  saw  leadership  potential,  as 
well  as  musical  ability.  He  was  named 
an  aviation  officer. 

"My  life  had  turned  a  corner  again, 
away  from  music,  away  from  the  cir- 
cus, into  the  military  for  what  I 
thought  would  be  long  enough  to  sat- 
isfy my  obligation,"  Covington  says. 

What  he  initially  thought  would  be 
a  brief  stint  in  the  Navy  turned  into  a 
thirty-year  career.  When  he  retired  in 
1995,  circus  life  suddenly  became  a 
possibility  again,  and  he  accepted  a 
position  with  the  Big  Apple  Circus,  a 
not-for-profit,  traveling  one-ring 
show.  He  has  worked  for  Big  Apple 
since  then,  with  the  exception  of  a 
two-year  break  so  that  his  youngest 


daughter,  who  had  been  attending 
the  circus'  One  Ring  Schoolhouse, 
could  finish  high  school  in  one  place. 
During  that  time,  he  was  administra- 
tive director  of  Fern  Street  Circus. 

As  the  circus' company  manager, 
Covington  is  essentially  a  jack-of-all- 
trades,  responsible  for  the  artists 
who  form  the  core  of  the  show  and 
for  bringing  in  guest  artists  each  , 
year.  He  describes  himself  as  the  link 
between  the  performers  and  man- 
agement, while  also  managing  on- 
site  publicity.  (Covington's  wife, 
Janice  Covington,  is  the  wardrobe 
supervisor  for  the  circus.) 

Despite  his  itinerant  lifestyle, 
Covington  says,  the  circus  has  always 
afforded  him  the  opportunity  to 
return  to  familiar  faces. 

"It's  a  very  small  community. 
You  bump  into  people  that  you've 
worked  with  or  that  you  know," 
Covington  says.  "It's  kind  of  like  going 
home  whenever  you  have  a  chance 
to  go  to  a  circus." 

And  for  the  people  outside  the  ring? 

"For  the  period  of  time  that  you're 
here,  you  escape  from  your  everyday 
world.  You  have  a  feeling  that  your 
life  is  changed," Covington  says. 
"That's  the  secret  of  what  we  do.  It's 
seeing  ordinary  people  do  extraordi- 
nary things." 

— Kelly  Schmader 


opment  and  the  mother-child  relationship. 

Robert  D.  PeltZ  73  has  been  recognized  in  Top 
Lawyers  in  Florida  2006-07  for  his  work  in  transporta- 
tion and  maritime  law.  His  article  "Seafood — Who  is 
Liable  for  a  Bad  Catch?  An  Analysis  of  a  Shipowner's 
Liability  for  Claims  of  Food  Poisoning"  was  published 
in  the  University  of  San  Francisco  Maritime  Law 
Journal.  He  is  a  partner  in  the  Miami  office  of 
Mcintosh,  Sawran,  Peltz  &  Cartaya. 

David  Wesley  Swink  M.Div.  73  was  awarded  the 
title  of  president  emeritus  and  an  honorary  doctor  of 
divinity  degree  by  the  Ecumenical  Theological 
Seminary  in  June.  He  is  pastor  of  Chilson  Hills 
Church  in  Brighton,  Mich. 

Thomas  B.  Weaver  74  has  been  recognized  in  The 
Best  Lawyers  in  America  2006  for  his  work  in  appellate 
and  eminent-domain  law.  He  is  a  partner  at  Armstrong 
Teasdale  in  St.  Louis.  He  is  also  a  fellow  in  the  Ameri- 
can Academy  of  Appellate  Lawyers  and  president  of 
the  Missouri  Board  of  Law  Examiners.  He  lives  with 
his  wife,  Gigi  Rossen  Weaver  75,  in  St.  Louis. 

Philip  Lee  Yeagie  Ph.D.  74  has  been  appointed 
dean  of  the  faculty  of  arts  and  sciences  at  Rutgers 
University.  Before  the  appointment,  he  spent  10 
years  as  chair  of  the  department  of  molecular  and  cell 
biology  at  the  University  of  Connecticut. 

C.  James  Holliman  75  has  been  named  program 
manager  of  the  Afghanistan  Health  Care  Sector 
Reconstruction  Project.  This  project  is  based  in  the 
Center  for  Disaster  and  Humanitarian  Assistance 
Medicine  at  the  National  Naval  Medical  Center  in 
Bethesda,  Md.  The  project  is  aimed  at  coordinating 
and  evaluating  health-care  reconstruction  efforts  for 
Afghanistan.  In  March,  he  led  a  team  on  a  two-week 
survey  study  of  the  country. 

Ann  E.  Rushing  75  has  been  named  the  2007 
Cornelia  Marschall  Smith  Professor  of  the  Year  at 
Baylor  University.  She  is  professor  and  associate  chair 
of  the  biology  department. 

Paige  Stover  Hague  76  collaborated  with 
Michael  Mendelson  on  the  book  Life  is  Short,  Art  is 
Long,  published  in  2007.  The  book  targets  art  collec- 
tors, the  charities  they  support,  and  the  professional 
advisers  who  plan  their  estates. 

Michael  Kuhn  76  was  named  a  Top  Lawyer  by  H 
Texas  magazine.  He  is  a  partner  in  the  business  trans- 
actions section  of  Jackson  Walker's  Houston  office. 

Lanneua  W.  Lambert  Jr.  78  is  the  2007-08  pres- 
ident of  the  South  Carolina  Bar.  Lambert  practices  in 
the  Columbia  office  of  Turner,  Padget,  Graham  & 
Laney  and  focuses  on  business  transactions,  with  a 
concentration  in  commercial  lending  and  real-estate 
development. 

Susan  Lieberman  78  received  Chicago's  Jeff 
Citation  for  best  new  work  for  her  play,  Arrangement 
for  Two  Violas,  published  in  New  Plays  from  Chicago. 
She  is  co-author  of  the  Jeff-nominated  musical  Prairie 
Lights.  Her  latest  musical,  Whirlybirds,  received  a 
workshop  production  at  Stage  Left  in  June.  She  lives 
in  Wilmette,  111.,  with  her  husband,  Jim  Stoller,  and 
their  three  children. 


1980s 


Mary  Moore  Hamrick  '80  has  been  named 
director  of  the  office  of  external  relations  for  the 
Public  Company  Accounting  Oversight  Boatd.  She 
will  lead  the  board's  communications  program  and 
be  responsible  for  the  overall  external-relations 
program.  She  was  formerly  the  board's  director  of 
government  relations. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Bruce  Ruzinsky  '80  has  been  named  a  Top  Lav 
by  H  Texas  magazine.  He  is  a  partner  in  rhe  bank- 
ruptcy and  litigation  sections  of  Jackson  Walker's 
Houston  office.  He  heads  the  firm's  bankruptcy  se 
tion  and  chairs  the  diversity  i 


Michael  P.  Kaelin  'SI,  J.D.  '84  has  joined  the  Stam- 
ford, Conn.,  office  ot  i  'timmmgs  ok  Lockwood  as  a 
principal  in  the  litigation  group.  He  had  been  a  part- 
ner in  Gregory  &  Adams  and  Kelley,  Drye  &  Warren. 

Robin  J.  Stinson  '81  has  been  awarded  the  James 
E.  Cross  Leadership  Award  by  the  Norrh  Carolina 
State  Bar's  Board  of  Legal  Specialization.  She  has  also 
been  appointed  the  2007-08  chair  of  the  North 
Carolina  Bar  Foundation's  Endowment  Committee. 
She  is  a  family-law  specialist  and  director  with  the 
Winston-Salem  office  of  Bell,  Davis,  &  Pitt.  A  fellow 
in  the  American  Academy  of  Matrimonial  Lawyers, 
she  is  a  member  of  the  board  of  governors  of  the 
North  Carolina  Bar  Association. 

Anjuelle  Weeks  Floyd  B.H.S.  '82  is  the  author 
of  the  novel  Keeper  of  Secrets:  Translations  of  an 
incident,  published  in  June. 

Colleen  M.  Fitzpatrick  Ph.D.  '83  was  named 
an  International  Society  for  Optical  Engineering 
Fellow.  Fellows  are  members  of  distinction  who 
have  made  significant  scientific  and  technical  contri- 
butions in  the  multidisciplinary  fields  of  optics, 
photonics,  and  imaging. 

Daniel  F.  Gourash  J.D.  '83  has  joined  the  Cleve- 
land law  firm  Seeley,  Savidge  &  Eberr.  He  will  estab- 
lish and  head  its  complex  civil  litigation  department. 

Natalie  Carmean  Magdeburger  '84  was 

named  one  of  Maryland's  Top  100  Women  in  2006  by 
The  Daily  Record  and  one  of  Maryland's  Top  25 
Women  Lawyers  in  2007  by  Baltimore  Magazine .  A 
partnet  in  Whitetord,  Taylor  &.  Preston,  she  is  co- 
chair  of  rhe  medical-malpractice  section  and  special- 
izes in  litigation.  As  a  former  field-hockey  player,  she 
has  focused  her  community  activities  on  organizing 
youth  athletic  activities.  She  has  served  as  a  coach  in 
various  sports,  as  founder  and  commissioner  of  field 
hockey,  and  as  commissioner  of  girls'  lacrosse.  She 
sits  on  the  board  of  directots  of  the  parks  and  recre- 
ation program  in  Bel  Air,  Md.  Her  latest  ventute  is  a 
club  field-hockey  team,  "H:0,"  which  won  a  gold 
medal  at  the  USA  National  Field  Hockey  Festival  in 
2006.  Magdeburger  lives  in  Bel  Air,  Md.,  with  her 
husband,  Steve,  and  two  childten,  Jessica  and  David. 

Phillip  A.  Scott  B.S.E.  '84  was  promoted  to  associ- 
ate professor  of  emergency  medicine  at  the  Univer- 
sity of  Michigan.  He  is  the  ptincipal  investigator  wirh 
a  National  Institutes  of  Health  project  investigating 
methods  to  better  the  treatment  of  acute  strokes.  He 
recently  co-authoted  the  American  Stroke  Associa- 
tion guidelines  for  acute  sttoke  management.  He 
lives  with  his  wife,  Ann,  and  children,  Houston  and 
Anna,  in  Ann  Arbor,  Mich. 

Sandra  Ann  Carter  '85  is  the  author  of  The  New 
Language  of  Business:  SO  A  and  Web  2.0,  published  by 
IBM  Press.  The  book  is  based  on  collective  feedback 
from  industry  leaders  at  different  otganizations  who 
shared  theit  views,  experiences,  and  ideas  about  the 
challenges  of  aligning  technology  with  business  goals 
through  "service-oriented  architecture." 


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mmittee  of  the 
Charlotte  law  firm  Helms,  Mulliss  &  Wicker.  She 
joined  the  fitm  in  1996.  She  and  her  husband,  Steve, 
have  two  children,  Aisling  and  Alex. 

Scott  C.  McCrea  '86  is  the  author  of  The  Cose 
for  Shakespeare:  the  End  of  the  Authorship  Question, 
published  by  Praeger  Publishers  in  2005. 


We  are  proud  to  unveil  our  graciously 
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IM    Inn  &  Golf  Club 


September -October  2007 


Mark  Pfefferlea  M.E.M.  '88  was  named  manager 
of  the  forest-conservation  program  for  Montgomery 
County,  Md.  He  will  manage  all  planning,  regulatory, 
and  enforcement  aspects  of  the  program. 

Robert  Keyser  '89,  M.B.A.  '94  was  appointed 
senior  vice  president  of  client  services  for  Schematic, 
a  full-service  interactive  agency  in  Atlanta. 

MARRIAGES:  Sara  E.  Marks  '84  to  George  F. 
Bason  Jr.  on  April  21,  2007.  Residence:  Raleigh. 

BIRTHS:  Third  child  and  first  daughter  to  Marc 
Whitman  Taubenfeld  '84  and  Teresa  L.  Tauben- 
feld  on  Feb.  14,  2006.  Named  Tia  Nicole. . .Third  child 
and  second  son  to  Steven  Strawn  Ridenhour 
'86  and  Ann  Bigay  Ridenhour  '90  on  March  15, 
2007.  Named  Hamilton  Sevier. .  .First  child  and 
daughter  to  Christopher  Busiel  '89  and  Stephanie 
Turner  on  Sept.  29,  2006.  Named  Giana  Isahelle. 


1990s 


Sean  James  Allburn  BSE.  '90  was  recently 
elected  to  the  board  of  directors  of  Davenport  &  Co. 
He  manages  Allburn  Financial  Consulting. 

John  E.  Deitelbaum  '90  was  named  corporate 
vice  president  for  Massachusetts  Mutual  Life 
Insurance  Co.  He  had  worked  as  second  vice  presi- 
dent and  associate  general  counsel  since  2000. 

Stacey  Garrett  '90  received  a  Women  of 
Influence  award  from  the  Nashville  Business  Journal  in 
July.  She  is  one  of  30  women  recognized  by  the  jour- 
nal for  their  influence  on  middle  Tennessee  business- 
es. She  practices  law  at  Bone,  McAllester,  Norton. 

Matthew  Coble  Duke  '91  was  appointed  vice 
president  of  technology  and  group  director  for 
Schematic,  a  full-service  interactive  agency  in  Atlanta. 


Cameron  Strawbridge  Hill  '91  is  a  shareholder 

in  the  Chattanooga,  Tenn.,  office  of  the  law  firm 
Baker,  Donelson,  Bearman,  Caldwell  &  Berkowitz, 
practicing  employment  and  construction  litigation. 
Laura  Burton  '92  has  been  named  chair  of  the 
North  Carolina  Bar  Association's  International  Law 
and  Practice  Section.  She  has  been  a  lawyer  for  the 
Greensboro  office  of  Smith  Moore  for  10  years  and  is 
a  board-certified  specialist  in  immigration  law. 

Matthew  Warren  Candler  '92  was  quoted  in  a 

January  2007  CNN.com  article  regarding  his  work  for 
the  nonprofit  organization  New  Schools  for  New  Orleans. 
Alayna  Gaines  Riggins  '92  was  promoted  to  edi- 
tor of  Eyes  and  Ears,  the  company  newsletter  for  the 
Walt  Disney  World  Resort  in  Lake  Buena  Vista,  Fla. 
Matthew  George  Breur  '93  has  been  elected 
partner  of  the  Jacksonville,  Fla.,  office  of  Foley  & 
Lardner.  He  is  a  member  of  the  firm's  business-law 
department  and  real-estate  practice. 
David  Harbach  '93  is  an  assistant  U.S.  attorney  in 
the  Southern  District  of  New  York.  He  lives  with  his 
wife,  Meredith,  and  their  daughter  in  Manhattan. 
Ellen  Swennes  Kennedy  '94  was  named  partner 
at  the  Washington  law  office  of  Hogan  &  Harson. 
Her  practice  focuses  on  complex  commercial  con- 
tract and  insurance  litigation. 
Judy  Karen  Land  '94  is  an  assistant  professor  of 
accounting  at  NC  Central  University.  She  lives  in 
Durham  with  her  husband,  Kyne  Wang,  and  their 
two  children,  Justin  and  Sophia. 
Brian  Mahoney  '94  has  been  named  managing 
partner  of  Percept  Research  Inc.,  a  marketing- 
research  consulting  firm  that  provides  quantitative 
and  qualitative  approaches  to  market  research 
for  clients  worldwide.  He  has  served  as  the  vice 


president  of  client  services  since  2003. 

Stacie  Strong  J.D.  '94  has  recently  written  several 
articles  on  tap  dance  for  Dance  Spirit  magazine  and 
edited  the  book  Top  Tap  Tips,  published  in  May  by 
the  Chicago  Tap  Theatre.  The  book  pairs  photo- 
graphs of  the  internationally  renowned  Chicago  Tap 
Theatre  in  performance  and  rehearsal  with  instruc- 
tional and  inspirational  quotes  from  the  masters  of 
tap  dance,  past  and  present. 

Nathaniel  Turner  '94  has  been  on  diplomatic  as- 
signment at  the  U.S.  Embassy  in  Cairo  since  July 
2006.  He  was  site  officer  when  Secretary  of  State 
Condoleezza  Rice  met  with  the  Egyptian  foreign  min- 
ister in  October  2006.  He  currently  works  in  the  eco- 
nomic-political section  of  the  embassy,  reporting  on 
environmental,  science,  technology,  and  health 
issues.  He  and  his  family  will  live  in  Egypt  until  next 
summer. 

Nanette  S.  Baumbusch  '95  has  switched  careers. 
After  five  years  as  a  public-relations  executive  at 
Shandwick  USA  and  Cunningham  Communication 
Inc.,  she  completed  the  Broad  Residency,  a  two-year 
management-training  program  for  emerging  execu- 
tives seeking  to  become  leaders  in  education.  She 
now  works  as  special  assistant  to  the  superintendent 
of  the  Denver  public  schools. 

Heidi  Ann  Schulz  Calhoun-Lopez  '95  was 

awarded  the  Army  Achievement  Medal  for  her  work 
in  detainee  operations  as  part  of  a  mission  readiness 
exercise  for  the  1st  Cavalry  Division.  She  is  an 
active-duty  captain  in  the  Judge  Advocate  General's 
Corps  and  serves  as  the  chief  of  detainee  operations 
in  the  office  of  the  staff  judge  advocate  in  Baghdad. 

Brian  Shaner  '95  was  promoted  to  the  rank  of 
major.  He  is  a  family  physician  with  the  21st  Medical 
Group  at  Peterson  Air  Force  Base  and  recently 


Our  mission  is  to  engage,  connect, 
and  celebrate  alumni  of  Duke. 


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and  advocacy  for  alumni  children  and  grandchildren  in  admissions.  Alumni  Admissions  Advisory 
Committees,  and  educational  and  travel  programs.  Visit  www.dukealumni.com. 

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DUKE  MAGAZINE 


MINI-PROFILE 


Amy  Vickers  '96,  considering  the  potential  of 


communications 


technology 


ong  before  teenagers  made 
instant  friends  through 
MySpaceandFacebook.and 
everyone  from  corporate 
veeps  to  soccer  moms  developed 
their  own  online  avatars,  people  like 
Amy  Vickers  were  participating  in, 
and  pondering  the  future  of,  nascent 
Internet  communities. 

From  her  Epworth  dorm  room, 
Vickers  and  her  equally  unconven- 
tional peers  were  captivated  by  social 
computing  and  the  unpredictable 
promise  of  emerging  Web  technology. 
"We  made  friends  nationally  and 
internationally  on  Unix-based  sys- 
tems, which  were  text-based  fore- 
runners to  present-day  social  net- 
working sites/'she  says,  referring  to 
multi-user  meeting  spots  that  pre- 
dated Mosaic,  the  first  popular  Web 
browser  released  in  1 993.  "At  the 
time,  we  were  thought  of  as  eccen- 
tric and  odd.  Now  it's  commonplace. 
You  hear  about  people  getting  mar- 
ried after  meeting  on  eHarmony,  and 
it's  no  big  deal." 

It  wasn't  just  technology  that 
intrigued  her,  Vickers  says.  She  ini- 
tially was  drawn  to  courses  in  cultur- 
al anthropology  and  sociology  when 
she  came  to  Duke,  but  as  her  fascina- 
tion with  the  social  and  philosophical 
dimensions  of  interactive  worlds 
grew,  she  realized  that  no  single  or 
double  major  could  incorporate  and 
address  her  many  questions  about 
how  information  might  be  created 
and  distributed  in  the  future.  With 
encouragement  from  faculty  across 
several  disciplines — literature, 
computer  science,  and  art  and  art 
history,  among  others — she 


designed  her  own  Program  II  major, 
"ElectronicTechnologies,  Art,  and 
Cultural  Transformation." 

Looking  back,  Vickers  says  that 
her  academic  pursuits  were  "a  con- 
stant exploration.  The  professors  I 
was  interested  in  working  with  were 
people  like  Barbara  Herrnstein- 
Smith,"the  Braxton  Craven  Professor 
of  comparative  literature  and 
English,  who  works  at  the  intersec- 
tion of  science,  literature,  and  cogni- 
tion. "I  was  trying  to  figure  out  the 
structure  and  culture  of  the  Internet, 
so  I  took  computer  science,  literary 
theory,  and  cultural  anthropology 
classes  to  see  how  all  the  threads 
were  connected." 

While  the  computer-science 
courses  helped  her  become  techno- 
logically fearless,  she  says  that  if  she 
had  to  do  it  all  over  again,  "I  wouldn't 
have  suffered  through  C++  classes." 

Vickers  helped  pay  her  way 
through  school  by  working  as  an 
"information  architecture  consult- 
ant," designing  and  developing  Web 
pages  for  Duke  clients  such  as  the 
law  school  and  anaesthesiology 
department,  and  Research  Triangle 
Park  corporations  such  as  Nortel 
Networks  and  GlaxoSmithKline. 

"At  the  time,  I  was  looking  to  gen- 
erate enough  income  to  help  cover 
tuition/'she  explains,  "and  as  a  nine- 
teen-year-old in  the  mid-'90s  with- 
out a  college  degree,  the  Web  was  it." 

Since  she  graduated,  Vickers  has 
followed  her  forward-thinking  curi- 
osity all  the  way  to  her  current  posi- 
tion as  global  director  of  enterprise 
solutions  for  Avenue  A  |  Razorfish, 
one  of  the  largest  interactive  market- 


ing and  technology  service  agencies 
in  the  world.  Her  resume  reads  like 
an  alphabet  soup  of  expertise,  with 
acronyms  like  RIA  and  RUP  inter- 
spersed among  myriad  other 
strengths  in  business  and  informa- 
tion architecture,  interactive  design, 
and  Web  services  development. 

Her  current  and  former  clients 
include  Citigroup,  Ford  Motor 
Company,  Nike,  and  Smith  Barney. 

"It's  interesting  that  I  am  working 
with  Fortune  500  companies  now, 
because  I've  always  been  fairly  radi- 
cal about  the  Internet  and  its  poten- 
tial," says  Vickers,  who  lives  in 
Cambridge,  Massachusetts. 

"When  the  Web  began,  it 
emerged  from  the  fringes,  and  then 
as  it  grew,  it  became  commercialized 
as  a  way  to  make  money  and  do 
business." 

The  commercial  dimensions  of 
the  Web  are  only  one  piece  of 
what  Vickers  does  for  her  clients. 
She  also  designs  and  develops  por- 
tals and  intranet  and  extranet  sys- 
tems that  facilitate  communication 
and  collaboration. 

For  international  conglomerates 
that  comprise  many  consumer  prod- 
ucts and  global  markets,  such 
resources  encourage  employees  at 
every  level  of  the  management  hier- 
archy to  consider  themselves  part  of 
a  larger,  shared  community  and,  as  a 
result,  improve  productivity,  morale, 
and  creativity. 

Vickers  says  that  because  of  the 
democratic  nature  of  the  Internet,  it's 
impossible  to  predict  how  communi- 
cation technologies  will  evolve. 

"Right  now  you  are  seeing  blog- 
ging  platforms  and  sites  like 
Wikipedia  that  encourage  individual 
users  to  generate  online  content," 
she  says. 

"One  future  direction  could  be  the 
democratization  of  programming, 
where  you  would  see  individuals  tak- 
ing program  interfaces  or  applica- 
tions and  recombining  them.  What 
will  come  next  is  anyone's  guess." 

—  Bridget  Booher 


returned  from  a  deployment  in  Baghdad.  He  and  his 

wife,  Heidi  Young  Shaner  '96,  live  with  their  two 
children  in  Colorado  Springs,  Colo. 

Thomas  Alan  Donaldson  '96  joined  Husch  & 

Eppenherger's  St.  Louis  office  as  an  associate  in  the 
firm's  business  transactions  practice  group.  He  spe- 
cializes in  real-estate,  commercial-finance,  and  cor- 
porate law. 

Leslie  Sherman  Nordin  J.D.  '96  ran  blindfolded 
in  the  2007  Vision  5K  in  Boston  in  June.  The  Vision 
5K  benefits  programs  that  help  blind  or  visually  im- 
paired adults  and  children.  Nordin  ran  the  Blindfold 
Challenge  in  order  to  show  solidarity  with  other 
blind  athletes. 

Jennifer  Slone  Tobin  J.D.  '96  was  named  one  of 
the  Top  Women  in  Florida  in  commercial  real  estate 
for  2007  by  Florida  Real  Estate  Journal. 

Daniel  Cohen  '97  testified  on  Title  IX  before  the 
U.S.  Commission  on  Civil  Rights  in  May.  The  com- 
mission is  reviewing  the  "third  prong"  of  Title  IX — 
whether  univetsities  are  meeting  the  athletic  inter- 
ests and  abilities  of  their  students.  He  is  co-authot  of 
a  related  legal  article  that  was  published  in  the 
Vanderbilt  Journal  of  Entertainment  and  Technology 
Law.  Cohen  is  a  senior  associate  with  the  Atlanta 
office  of  Rogers  &  Hardin. 

Alex  B.  Diamond  '98  has  completed  his  pediatric 
residency  at  St.  Christopher's  Hospital  for  Children 
in  Philadelphia.  He  will  begin  a  sports-medicine  fel- 
lowship at  Vanderbilt  University. 

Serena  Rhodie  Smith  '98  works  as  a  communi- 
cations assistant  at  Children's  Hospital  Central 
California  in  Madera,  Calif.  She  lives  with  her  hus- 
band, Dwayne,  in  Fresno,  Calif. 

Benjamin  Torbert  '98,  Ph.D.  '04  has  taken  a  posi- 
tion in  the  English  department  at  the  University  of 
Missouri  at  St.  Louis  after  three  years  at  Mississippi 
State  University.  An  assistant  professor  of  linguistics, 
he  focuses  his  research  on  English  language  variation. 
His  wife,  Shalay  Hudson,  teaches  German. 

Libble  Ginster  B.S.C.E.  '99,  M.B.A.  '06  and 
her  husband,  Ben,  have  started  a  business  called 
DesignOurDay  (www.dcsignourday.com).  Their 
website  helps  future  newlyweds  create  their  own 
custom-made  wedding  site. 

MARRIAGES:  Gary  Richard  Cohen  '92,  J.D.  '95 
to  Jennifer  Lynnette  Swanson  '95  on  March  2, 
2007.  Residence:  Dallas... Sharad  K.  Sharma  '95, 
J.D.  '98  to  Courtney  Goodman  on  Feb.  23,  2007,  in 
New  Delhi  and  on  June  9,  2007,  in  Charleston,  S.C. 
Residence:  New  York... Jennifer  Lynnette 
Swanson  '95  to  Gary  Richard  Cohen  92,  J.D. 
'95  on  March  2,  2007.  Residence:  Dallas. ..Mary 
Margaret  Poole  '96  to  Jed  Clinch  on  Sept.  16, 

2006.  Residence:  Austin,  Texas... Elizabeth  Jean 
Osterwise  '97  to  S.  Matthew  Katz  on  April  14, 

2007.  Residence:  New  York... Andrew  Charles 
Freel  '99  to  Angelique  Renee  Duhon  on  April  14, 
2007.  Residence:  New  Orleans... Billie  Elizabeth 
Mills  '99  to  Brian  Lee  '00  on  May  28,  2006. 
Residence:  Kirksville,  Mo.... Peter  Carson 
Messick  '99  to  Doreen  Ray  '99  on  May  12,  2007. 
Residence:  Apex,  N.C. 

BIRTHS:  Second  child  and  first  son  to  William 
Konomos  B.S.E.  '90  and  Jennifer  Konomos  on 
March  9,  2007.  Named  Andrew  George. .  .Third 
child  and  second  son  to  Ann  Bigay  Ridenhour 
'90  and  Steven  Strawn  Ridenhour  '86  on 
March  15,  2007.  Named  Hamilton  Sevier... Second 
child  and  son  to  Jessica  Johnston  Browning 
'91  and  Will  Browning  on  March  8,  2007.  Named 
Frederick  Hastings..  Thud  dull  and  first  son  to 


September -October  2007 


The  Sixth  Annual  Fuqua  School  of  Business 
and  Coach  K  Leadership  Conference 

In  today's  competitive,  global  marketplace,  only  strong,  ethical 
businesses  can  thrive.  Hear  from  more  than  20  distinguished 
leaders  in  business,  sports  and  government  who  lead  successfully' 
in  their  careers.  Learn  more  at  ConferenceOnLeadership.com. 


October  15-17,  2007 

Building  World-Class  Leadership  Teams 


Distinguished  speakers  include:  Mellody  L.  Hobson,  President,  Ariel  Capital 
Management,  LLC;  Joe  Hogan,  CEO,  GE  Healthcare;  Tom  Schmitt, 
President/CEO,  FedEx  Global  Supply  Chain  Services ;  G .  Ken nedy  Thom pson , 
President/CEO,  Wachovia  Corporation;  Donna  Orender,  President,  WNBA. 

Conference  Hosted  by  the  Fuqua/Coach  K  Center  of  Leadership  &  Ethics  (COLE). 
Sponsored  by: 

jfl    JTARAMARK    CiNNI   #8BfflSBa 

FT 


SMassMutual 
FINANCIAL      GROUP 


Heidrick  &  Struggles 


Cameron  Strawbridge  Hill  '91  and  Sarah  S. 
Hill  on  May  8,  2007.  Named  Cameron  Strawbridge 
Jr.... Fourth  child  and  third  daughter  to  William  A. 
Silva  '91  and  Krisanta  K.  Lasko  '92  on  May  19, 

2007.  Named  KasMa  Lyn  Silva. ..First  child  and 

son  to  Alayna  Gaines  Riggins  '92  and  David 
Riggins  on  Sept.  1,  2006.  Named  Solomon  David 
Nathaniel... Third  child  and  second  son  to  Jennifer 

Douglas  Vidas  '92  and  James  Patrick  Vidas 

'94  on  Oct.  17,  2006.  Named  Daniel  Nicholas... 
Third  child  and  second  son  to  Julie  Exum  Breuer 
'93  and  Matthew  George  Breuer  '93  on 
June  16,  2006.  Named  Cole  Aidan.. .First  child  and 
daughter  to  David  V.  Harbach  II  '93  and 
Meredith  Johnson  Harbach  on  March  10,  2007. 
Named  Grace  Diane... First  child  and  daughter  to 
Karyn  Ruth  Couvillion  '94  and  Andrew  Hunter 
on  March  29,  2007.  Named  Mina  Rose... Third  child 
and  second  son  to  Ellen  Swennes  Kennedy  '94 
and  Robert  M.  Kennedy  Jr.  on  Jan.  12,  2007.  Named 
Matthew  Bradley. .  .Second  child  and  first  daughter 
to  Judy  Karen  Land  '94  and  Kyne  Wang  on  Sept. 
11,  2006.  Named  Sophia  Lindsey  Wang... First  child 
and  son  to  James  Perry  Offutt  Jr.  '94,  Ph.D.  '95, 
M.B.A.  '97  and  Ellen  W.  Offutt  on  April  13,  2007. 
Named  James  Perry  Offutt  III... Second  child  and 
daughter  to  Katy  Richardson  '94  and  David 
Bundy  B.S.E.  '94  on  Oct.  4,  2006.  Named  Maya 
Jane  Richardson  Bundy. .  .Second  child  and  son  to 
John  Russo  '94  and  Annika  B.  Russo.  Named 
Broder  Joseph. .  .Third  child  and  second  son  to 
James  Patrick  Vidas  '94  and  Jennifer 
Douglas  Vidas  '92  on  Oct.  17,  2006.  Named 
Daniel  Nicholas... First  child  and  son  to  Victoria 
Moore  Appel  '95  and  Jesse  Appel  on  Dec.  29, 
2006.  Named  Quintin  Moore... First  child  and 
daughter  to  Brian  K.  Campbell  '96  and  Stephanie 
Campbell  on  Aug.  27,  2006.  Named  Kamryn 
Kaye... Third  child  and  first  son  to  Evangelos 
Ringas  '96  and  Elizabeth  Ringas  '98  on  Sept.  5, 

2006.  Named  Vassilios  Evangelos. . .First  child  and 
son  to  Danielle  Lemmon  Zapotoczny  '96  and 
Stephen  Edward  Zapotoczny  '97  on  March 
20,  2007.  Named  Myles  Donald... Second  child  and 
first  son  to  Joseph  Jeremy  Bailey  '97,  MEM. 
'99  and  Carolyn  Odom  Bailey  on  Dec.  2,  2006. 
Named  Harrison  Thomas. .  .First  children  and  twins 
to  Chad  Michael  Cannon  '97,  M.D.  01  and  Mia 
Alison  Cannon  on  Dec.  7,  2006.  Named  Emery 
Alison  and  Maxwell  Edward... Second  child  and 

daughter  to  Clare  Walsh  Didier  '97  and  Joseph 

Desha  Didier  M.E.M.  '01,  M.B.A.  '03  on  May  11, 

2007.  Named  Margaret  Limehouse... First  child 
and  daughter  to  Kathleen  Cahill  Ford  '97  and 
Matthew  Ford  on  Jan.  18,  2006.  Named  Madeleine 
Ann. .  .First  child  and  daughter  to  Jason  W. 
Goode  '97,  J. D.  W  and  Annie  Richardson 
Goode  '02  on  May  17,  2007.  Named  Julia 
Frances... First  child  and  son  to  Stephen  Edward 
Zapotoczny  '97  and  Danielle  Lemmon 
Zapotoczny  '96  on  March  20,  2007.  Named 
Myles  Donald. .  .Second  child  and  second  daughter 
to  Julie  Lynn  Harter  Goldstrom  '98  and  Seth 
Goldstrom  on  May  26,  2006.  Named  Morgan 
Elizabeth... Second  child  and  first  son  to  Jenna- 
Ruth  McGuire  Lang  '98  and  Joel  Lang  on  July  26, 
2006.  Named  Connor  Morgan... Third  child  and  first 
son  to  Elizabeth  Ringas  '98  and  Evangelos 
Ringas  '96  on  Sept.  5,  2006.  Named  Vassilios 
Evangelos... First  child  and  son  to  Josh  Arwood 
'99  and  Leigh  Arwood  on  March  12,  2007.  Named 
Caleb  Leighton... First  child  and  son  to  Ann 

N.  Mittelstadt  BSE.  '99 and  Matthew 
W.  Mittelstadt  '99  on  March  16,  2007.  Named 
Zachary  Eric. ..First  child  and  daughter  to  Jesse 
Stowell  B.S.E.  '99  and  Jennifer  Higgins-Stowell 
on  Feb.  23,  2006.  Named  Fiona  Higgins  Stowell. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


2000s 


Tina  M.  Coker  '00  has  been  named  i 

ney  general  for  Alabama,  working  for  Attorney 

General  Troy  King  in  the  capital  litigation  division. 

Daniel  Levi  Swanwick  '00  graduated  cum  laude 
from  the  Geotgetown  University  Law  Center  in  May. 
He  earned  a  Certificate  in  Refugees  and  Humani- 
tarian Emergencies  and  will  be  clerking  at  the  Head- 
quarters Immigration  Court  in  Falls  Church,  Va. 

Wesley  Harrison  White  00  has  received  a 

J.D.  from  Ohio  Northern  University's  Pettit  College 
of  Law. 

Michael  Muth  Ph.D.  '01  received  the  2007  United 
Methodist  Church  Exemplary  Award  from  Wesleyan 
College  in  April. 

Elana  Erdstein  Perry  '01  has  been  ordained  as  a 
rabbi  at  the  Hebrew  Union  College  Jewish  Institute 
of  Religion  in  Los  Angeles.  She  is  now  serving  as  an 
rabbi  at  Temple  Sinai  in  Atlanta. 


:  presi 


Jonathan  ChiU  '03  will  join  the  law  firm 
McGuire Woods  this  fall. 

Tridib  Paul  M.B.A.  '03  was  promoted  to  vi 
dent  of  BB&T. 

Timothy  Rosek  '03  has  been  promoted  to  vice 
president  of  mergers  and  acquisitions  at  Pierce  and 
Pierce,  a  financial-services  firm  based  in  New  York. 
He  recently  self-published  his  Hrst  book  of  poetry, 
Howling  at  a  Concrete  Moon. 

Cameron  Levy  B.S.E.  '04  has  been  promoted  to 
senior  associate  consultant  at  Mars  &  Co.,  a  manage- 
ment-consulting firm  specializing  in  business  strategy. 

Paul  Pugsley  '04  has  been  named  marketing 


specialist  at  the  Mayfield  Clinic  and  Spine  Institute. 
He  will  be  responsible  for  building  relationships  with 
primary-care  physicians  in  the  Northern  Cincinnati- 
Dayton  region. 

Cheyenne  Beach  '05  participated  in  Coast  to 
Coast  for  a  Cure  from  June  to  August  2007,  biking 
across  the  U.S.  in  an  effort  to  raise  $50,000.  The 
money  will  go  toward  research  on  leukemia  and  lym- 
phoma at  the  University  of  Connecticut  Health 
Center  in  Farmington  and  Lea's  Foundation  for 
Leukemia  Research. 

Juliet  Allen  Summers  06  is  a  participant  in 
Teach  For  America,  a  program  that  recruits  college 
graduates  to  set  aside  career  plans  and  teach  for  two 
years.  She  currently  teaches  at  He  Dog  School  on  the 
Rosebud  Reservation  in  Parmelee,  S.D. 

MARRIAGES:  William  Wesley  Down  '00  to 
Heather  Elizabeth  Watts  01  on  Sept.  30,  2006. 
Residence:  Davis,  Calif...  Brian  Lee  '00  to  Billie 
Elizabeth  Mills  '99  on  May  28,  2006.  Residence: 
Kirksville,  Mo....Lindsey  Willison  '00  to  Jonah 
Hunt  on  Aug.  5,  2006.  Residence:  Denver... Myrna 
Serrano  '01  to  Harsha  Setty  B.S.E.  '01,  M.S.  '02 

on  April  29,  2006.  Residence:  Augusta,  Ga.... 

Heather  Elizabeth  Watts  01  to  William 

Wesley  Down  '00  on  Sept.  30,  2006.  Residence: 
Davis,  Calif...  Avanti  R.  Baruah  '02  to  Steven 
Bergquist  on  April  7,  2007.  Residence:  Renton,  Wash.. . . 
David  Clay  Evans  '02,  M.D.  06  to  Allison  Celia 

BienkOWSki  Ph.D.  '09  on  Nov.  4,  2006.  Residence: 
Columbus,  Ohio,  and  Durham — lonathan  ChiU 

'03  to  Erin  Ladd  Douglas  '03  on  Dec.  23,  2006. 

Residence:  Richmond,  Va Jennifer  Honey  Csik 

'03,  J.D.  '07  to  John  Davis  Hutchens  03  on 
May  19,  2007.  Residence:  Charlotte... Erin  Ladd 
Douglas  '03  to  Jonathan  Chiu  '03  on  Dec.  23, 
2006.  Residence:  Richmond,  Va....Nerlyne 


Jimenez  '03  to  Arvinder  Singh  Dhariwal  on  March 
11,  2006.  Residence:  Atlanta... Brad  L.  Dolian  '04 
to  Lauren  M.  Bailey  '05  on  March  24,  2007. 
Residence:  Denver...  Wendy  Novoa  '04  to  Jeremy 
Gray  on  March  10,  2007.  Residence:  Gainesville, 
Fla.   Lauren  M.  Bailey  05  to  Brad  L.  Dolian 
'04  on  March  24,  2007.  Residence:  Denver. . . 
Allison  Celia  Bienkowski  Ph.D.  '09  to  David 
Clay  Evans  '02,  M.D.  '06  on  Nov.  4,  2006.  Resi- 
dence: Columbus,  Ohio,  and  Durham. 

BIRTHS:  First  child  and  daughter  to  Mia  Fram 
Davidson  '01  and  Joshua  Davidson  on  March  16, 
2007.  Named  Helena  Beth... Second  child  and 
daughter  to  Joseph  Desha  Didier  M.E.M.  '01, 
M.B.A.  '03  and  Clare  Walsh  Didier  '97  on  May 
11,  2007.  Named  Margaret  Limehouse... First  child 
and  son  to  Mandi  Brooke  Mielke  '01  and 
Thomas  Brian  Mielke  on  Dec.  14,  2006.  Named  Sam 
Whittington. .  .First  child  and  daughter  to  Annie 
Richardson  Goode  02  and  Jason  W.  Goode 
'97,  J.D.  '00  on  May  17,  2007.  Named  Julia  Frances... 
First  child  and  son  to  Jason  B.  Dean  '03  and  Alisa 
K.  Dean  on  Match  16,  2007.  Named  Evan  William. 


Deaths 


Mildred  McKinney  Gee  '34  of  Lexington,  N.C., 
on  Sept.  8,  2006.  As  a  member  of  the  First  Presby- 
terian Church  in  Lexington,  she  was  president  of  the 
Presbyterian  Women  and  chair  for  Spiritual  Growth 
for  Women.  She  served  on  the  board  of  directors  of 
Barium  Springs  Presbyterian  I  lome  tor  Children.  She 
is  survived  by  two  children,  including  M.  Elizabeth 
Gee  '69,  and  two  grandchildren. 

Claiborne  B.  Gregory  '34  of  San  Antonio,  on 

May  17,  2007.  After  graduating  from  Duke,  he  com- 


Duke  Women's  Health 

Wellness  Weekend 

4 

p"  Hear  an  update  on  the  Women's 

o 

Initiative  from  President  Richard 

4 

HMB 

o 

1    <*> 

o 

3 

CD 

H.  Brodhead.  A  luncheon,  reception, 
dinner,  and  other  communal  sessions 
will  allow  you  time  to  talk  to  students, 
speakers,  and  fellow  alumnae. 

'•'rWt   HT" 

5' 

The  Duke  Alumni  Association  and  the 

Learn  fro 

m  top  experts  and 

panel  discussions  about: 

Duke  Women's  Center  are  hosts  for 
the  weekend.  Contributors  and  campus 

Urgent  health  issues 

^ 

participants  include  the  President's 

Nutrition 

How  we  live 

The  role  of  sleep 

Mindfulness 

Spiritual  and  mental  health 

o 

1 

Mfl 

Office,  Office  of  the  Provost,  Duke 
Medical  Center,  Duke  Academic 
Program  in  Women's  Health,  Student 
Health/Health  Promotion,  Women's 
Studies,  Duke  Career  Center,  Office  of 
Student  Affairs,  and  Office  of  University 
Development. 

Health  challenges  in  your  20s, 

p 

30s,  40  &  50s,  60s  &  beyond 

PS 

^  For  more  information,  go  to: 

www.dukealumni.com/alumnae 

September -October  2007 


pleted  his  law  degree  at  Yale  and  joined  the  Army. 
During  World  War  II,  he  served  with  the  Office  of 
Strategic  Services  in  England  and  France.  Gregory 
became  special  agent  to  the  chief  counsel  of  the  IRS 
in  Washington  once  the  war  ended.  He  then  moved 
to  San  Antonio,  where  he  became  a  partner  in  the 
firm  later  known  as  Gresham,  Davis,  Gregory,  Worthy 
&  Moore.  He  is  survived  by  two  sons,  Claiborne 
Gregory  Jr.  '67  and  Douglas  A.  Gregory  76; 

three  grandchildren;  two  nieces,  PriSCilla  "Read" 

Spence  '63  and  Panny  G.  Rhodes  '64;  and  a 
nephew,  Angus  M.  McBryde  M.D.  '63. 
Arnout  C.  Hyde  '34  of  Charleston,  W.Va.,  on 
May  10,  2007.  During  World  War  II,  he  was  tapped 
by  the  government  to  work  on  the  Manhattan 
Project  in  Chicago.  After  the  war,  he  was  a  chemical 
engineer  for  E.I.  DuPont  fot  38  yeats.  He  is  survived 
by  four  daughtets,  three  grandchildren,  and  four 
great-grandchildren. 

Evelyn  Carper  Teague  '35  of  Haw  River,  N.C., 
on  June  1,  2007.  A  former  teacher,  she  was  an  active 
member  of  the  Haw  River  Historical  Association 
and  arranged  for  her  historic  home  to  be  protected 
by  Preservation  North  Carolina.  Survivors  include 
a  daughter,  three  granddaughtets,  and  six  great- 
Lir.ukk'hildren. 

Abraham  Asa  Alterman  '37  of  Atlanta,  on 

May  3,  2007.  He  served  as  an  Army  Air  Forces  radio 
operator  in  World  War  II.  Alterman  was  the  founder 
of  Allied  Foods  Inc.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Elisabeth;  five  children;  a  brother;  four  grandchil- 
dren; and  a  great-gtandchild. 
Onyce  Hewell  May  A.M.  '37  of  Wilmington, 
N.C.,  on  June  2,  2007.  For  15  years  she  taught  Latin, 
French,  and  English  at  various  high  schools  in 
Georgia,  North  Carolina,  and  South  Carolina  while 
completing  her  graduate  degree.  During  World  War 


II,  she  worked  as  a  decoder  for  the  U.S.  Department 
of  Intelligence  in  Washington.  Survivors  include  a 
son,  a  daughter,  three  sisters,  three  grandchildren, 
and  a  great-granddaughter. 
Catherine  Gray  Paine  '37  of  Lansdale,  Pa.,  on 
April  3,  2006.  After  attending  Duke,  she  transferred 
to  Albright  College,  receiving  a  B.S.  in  1940.  She 
earned  an  M.S.  from  the  Univetsity  of  Pennsylvania 
in  1950.  She  is  survived  by  a  niece. 

Richard  J.  Gonder  '38  of  Norfolk,  Va.,  on  May 
21,  2007.  After  attending  Duke,  he  transferred  to 
UNC-CH,  from  which  he  received  a  degree  in  jour- 
nalism in  1939.  He  served  in  the  Navy  as  a  photo- 
graphic officer  during  World  War  II.  After  rhe  war, 
he  held  positions  at  newspapers  in  North  Carolina 
and  Virginia,  including  managing  editot  of  The  Daily 
Advance  and  associate  editor  of  The  Independent, 
both  in  Elizabeth  City,  N.C.  He  also  worked  in  a 
variety  of  capacities  fot  The  Virginian-Pilot  in  Norfolk, 
including  reporter,  city  editor,  state  editor,  public 
editor,  and  head  of  the  paper's  first  North  Carolina 
buteau.  He  is  survived  by  two  daughters,  six  grand- 
children, and  a  great-grandson. 
Elsa  Louise  Deschamps  '39  of  Greenport,  N.Y., 
on  May  6,  2007.  After  graduating  from  Duke,  she 
earned  her  M.A.  at  Teachers  College,  Columbia 
University.  A  self-professed  Francophile,  she  worked 
as  a  French  teacher  at  the  Lycee  Francais  de  New 
Yotk,  a  co-educational  French  college-preparatory 
school,  and  in  public  and  private  schools  in  Illinois. 
She  is  sutvived  by  two  daughters,  a  son,  and  five 
grandchildren. 

Daniel  C.  Will  Jr.  '39  of  Delran,  N.J.,  on  May  28, 
2007.  After  Duke,  he  earned  his  M.B.A.  in  1962  at 
Harvard  Business  School.  He  was  a  retited  vice  presi- 
dent of  Weyerhaeuser  Co.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife, 
Ada;  a  daughter;  two  sons;  and  two  sisters. 


Ralph  D.  House  '40  of  Femandina  Beach,  Fla.,  on 
Jan.  26,  2004.  He  served  in  the  FBI  until  his  retire- 
ment. He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Pat;  a  son;  a  daugh- 
ter; two  stepdaughtets;  a  stepson;  fout  grandchildren; 
and  four  great-grandchildren. 

Henry  B.  Searight  Jr.  '40  of  Ormond  Beach,  Fla., 

on  April  18,  2007. 

Dallas  Gaylord  Waters  '40  of  Plymouth,  N.C,  on 
May  27,  2007.  For  his  service  with  the  Army  in  World 
War  II,  he  was  awarded  the  Purple  Heart.  He  was  the 
founder,  owner,  and  operatot  of  Waters  Oil  Co.  of 
Plymourh  from  1953  until  his  retirement  in  1988.  In 
2002,  he  received  the  Willis  Bowen  Lifetime  Achieve- 
ment Award  from  the  Washington  County  Chamber  of 
Commerce.  He  is  survived  by  his  son,  a  sistet,  a  brother, 
four  grandchildren,  and  two  great-grandchildren. 

Bayne  A.  Sparks  '41  of  Palm  Springs,  Calif.,  on 
May  7,  2007.  He  served  with  the  Navy  during  World 
War  II,  commanding  a  PT  boat  in  the  South  Pacific. 
He  also  worked  in  naval  intelligence  and  was  dis- 
charged in  1948  as  a  lieutenant  commandet.  He  was 
the  publisher  of  American  Builder  Magazine  in  New 
York.  In  1984,  he  won  the  Max  Tipton  Awatd  for 
Excellence  in  Marketing.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Marjorie;  two  sons;  three  stepdaughters;  four  grand- 
children; and  two  step-grandchildren. 

Laura  Buller  Doering  A.M.  '42  of  Lancaster,  Pa., 
on  May  20,  2007.  Before  coming  to  Duke,  she  attend- 
ed Milletsville  University.  She  worked  as  a  librarian 
and  a  professor  of  library  science  at  Millersville  from 
1953  until  her  retirement  in  1977.  She  is  survived  by 
her  husband,  James. 

Hurlburt  R.  "Hub"  Frink  '42  of  Austin,  Texas,  on 
May  12,  2007.  He  served  during  World  War  II  in  the 
South  Pacific  as  a  tadio  and  radar  technician  on  B-29 
long-range  bombers.  Aftet  the  war,  he  worked  for  IBM 


When  you  make  a  gift  of  $10,000  or  more, 
Duke  can  offer  you  (and/or  your  loved  ones) 
a  fixed  income  for  life.  A  charitable  gift  annuity 
will  also  generate  a  tax  deduction  and  can 
reduce  capital  gains.  Your  ages,  your  financial 
needs,  and  current  interest  rates  determine  the 
annuity  rate  Duke  can  offer.  Some  sample  rates: 


_;    60  Annuity:  5.7%        Annuity  rates  are 

70  6.5 /o        subject  to  change. 

80  8.0%        Once  your  gift  is 

Your  Ages:  70/68   Annuity:  5.8%      ^lainTS. 
/6//J  6.  J  /o 

To  learn  more  about  life  income  gifts  and  other 
'tax-wise"  giving  opportunities,  please  contact: 


Duke  University  Office  of  Gift  Planning 

2127  Campus  Drive,  Box  90600,  Durham,  NC 
Phone       (919)681-0464 
Fax  (919)684-9731 

Email        giftplanning@dev.duke.edu 
www.giftplanning.duke.edu 


:  27708 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


for  29  years  in  various  positions.  In  1984,  he  self-pub- 
lished a  primer  on  golf,  All  About  the  Golf  Swing.  Sur- 
vivors include  three  sons  and  seven  grandchildren. 
Robert  C.  Morris  B.S.M.E.  '43  of  Fallbrook, 
Calif.,  on  May  22,  2007.  He  served  in  the  Navy  dur- 
ing World  War  II  aboard  the  aircraft  carriers  Yorktown 
and  Intrepid.  Under  a  Navy  program,  he  earned  a 
master's  degree  from  the  U.S.  Naval  Postgraduate 
School  and  the  University  of  Minnesota.  He  also 
earned  a  doctorate  in  two  stages  from  Cornell  Uni- 
versity and  the  Illinois  Institute  of  Technology.  He 
taught  at  DePaul  University,  retiring  as  professor 
emeritus  in  1985.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  June; 
three  sons;  and  five  grandchildren. 
Mary  Neel  Anderson  '44  of  Thomasville,  Ga.,  on 
May  21,  2007.  She  worked  in  New  York  for  Guaranty 
Trust  Co.  and  Lord  6k  Taylor  while  also  taking  art 
classes  at  Columbia  University  and  the  Art  Students 
League.  After  moving  to  Thomasville,  she  continued 
her  art  studies  at  Florida  State  University  and  with 
artist  Ed  Gordon.  She  participated  in  many  civic 
activities  in  Thomasville,  including  the  early  plan- 
ning stages  of  the  Cultural  Center.  She  is  survived  by 
her  husband,  James;  a  son;  a  daughter;  and  a  brother. 
Patricia  W.  Green  R.N.  '44  of  Brewstet,  Mass.,  on 
Feb.  26,  2007.  After  graduating,  she  worked  in  Greens- 
boro for  two  years  before  moving  to  San  Francisco. 
She  spent  a  year  working  at  Queen  Charlotte  Ma- 
ternity Hospital  in  London.  Upon  returning  to  the 
U.S.,  she  was  certified  as  an  occupational  therapist 
and  speech  pathologist  and  wotked  as  a  speech  thera- 
pist with  the  Nauset  school  system  in  Massachusetts 
until  tetitement.  She  is  survived  by  het  sistet-in-law, 
three  nieces,  and  five  great-grandnieces. 

Evans  A.  "Dutch"  Meinecke  '44  of  Wilton 
Manors,  Fla.,  on  Aug.  8,  2006.  He  is  survived  by  two 
daughters  and  three  grandchildren. 


George  H.  Needham  '44  of  Asheville,  N.C.,  on 
May  2,  2007.  He  served  as  an  Army  chaplain  in 
World  War  II  and  the  Korean  War.  Also  in  the  Army 
Reserve,  he  retired  as  division  chaplain  of  the  108th 
Training  Division  in  Charlotte.  He  was  presented  the 
Legion  of  Merit  Medal.  After  leaving  the  military,  he 
served  as  an  ordained  minister  in  the  Western  North 
Carolina  Conference  of  the  United  Methodist 
Church  for  42  years.  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Clara;  a  son;  a  daughter;  and  two  sisters. 

Sherman  H.  Pace  '44,  M.D.  '47  of  St.  Petersburg, 
Fla.,  on  May  13,  2007.  During  World  War  II,  he 
served  in  the  Naval  Reserve  and  the  Army  Medical 
Corps.  After  his  discharge,  he  set  up  a  private  prac- 
tice in  Florida.  In  1956,  he  began  working  with 
Morton  Plant  Hospital,  where  he  initially  served  as 
chairman  of  the  family  practice  and  ob-gyn  sections. 
In  1981,  he  became  president  of  the  medical  staff, 
eventually  joining  the  board  of  trustees.  He  was  also  a 
founding  staff  member  of  the  Clearwater  Community 
Hospital  and  chief  of  staff  in  1969.  He  was  awarded 
the  J.C.  Penney  Golden  Rule  Award  for  exceptional 
volunteer  service,  the  Friend  of  Children  Award  by  the 
state  of  Florida,  Pinellas  County  Community  Founda- 
tion Award,  and  the  2001  Achievement  Award  from 
the  Pinellas  County  Medical  Society.  He  is  survived 
by  two  daughters,  a  son,  and  five  grandchildren. 

Clarence  E.  Peery  M.D.  '44  of  Davidson,  Tenn., 
on  April  28,  2007.  He  served  in  the  Army  during 
World  War  II.  He  retired  from  medicine  in  1990.  He 
is  survived  by  his  wife,  Martha;  two  daughters;  three 
stepchildren;  one  grandson;  four  step-grandchildren; 
and  one  great-granddaughter. 

Thomas  D.  Sales  Sr.  B.S.C.E.  '44  of  Bethlehem, 
Pa.,  on  May  31,  2007.  He  and  his  brother  formed 
T&T  Associates  to  provide  engineering  services  to 
Williams  and  Palmer  townships  in  Pennsylvania.  He 


was  a  founding  member  of  the  Stones  Crossing  Swim 
Club.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Marybelle 
Adams  Sales  '44;  a  son,  Thomas  D.  Sales  Jr. 

'71;  two  daughters;  and  seven  grandsons. 

Marjorie  Hockfield  Schafer  '44  of  Raleigh,  on 
May  31,  2007.  She  was  a  supporter  of  both  the  North 
Carolina  Ballet  and  the  North  Carolina  Symphony. 
She  is  survived  by  her  husband,  Leon;  two  sons;  two 
daughters,  including  Randie  Schafer  Kruman 
'76;  and  six  grandchildren. 


:  S.  Bettes  '45  of  Dallas,  on  Sept.  12, 
2006.  At  Duke,  he  was  a  member  of  Phi  Delta  The 


aity. 


June  McCall  McGhee  '45  of  Atlantic  Beach,  Fla., 
on  Sept.  9,  2003.  She  was  a  member  of  Kappa  Alpha 
Theta  sorority  and  Phi  Beta  Kappa.  She  is  survived 
by  two  daughtets,  a  son,  and  two  sisters. 

Ralph  L.  Nash  '45,  A.M. '47  of  South  Lyon,  Mich., 
on  May  19,  2007.  He  earned  a  Ph.D.  from  Harvard 
University  in  1951.  He  taught  at  Wayne  State  Uni- 
versity for  35  years  and  chaired  the  English  depart- 
ment for  several  years.  He  is  survived  by  two  sons  and 
three  grandchildren. 

Newton  Duke  Angier  '46  of  Flat  Rock,  N.C.,  on 
May  29,  2007.  Aftet  attending  Duke,  he  transferred 
to  Princeton,  graduating  in  1947.  He  worked  for 
Carey  Lumber  Co.  in  Durham,  then  began  a  career 
in  the  food  industty,  as  manager  of  Crail  Farm  in  Flat 
Rock;  as  vice  president  of  S&W  Cafeterias;  as  vice 
president  of  Select  Foods  in  Hendersonville;  and  as 
vice  president  and  division  president  of  Szabo  Food 
Services  in  Chicago.  He  retired  in  1986.  He  also  pro- 
duced summer-stock  theater  in  South  Carolina  and 
served  as  a  trustee  of  the  Flat  Rock  Playhouse  starting 
in  1952.  He  was  instrumental  in  establishing  the 
playhouse  as  the  official  state  theater  of  North 


November    7-9,    2007 


yuiHiaKuuiKUsi 

Directors'  Education 

INSTITUTE  at  Duke  University 


The  Directors'  Education  Institute  (DEI)  at  Duke  University 

is  an  intensive  and  innovative  two-day  program  to  address 
the  critical  issues  facing  Boards  today.  This  ISS  accredited 
program  is  designed  for  board  chairs,  corporate  directors,  and 
senior  executive  officers  of  publicly  traded  companies. 
Through  an  examination  of  topical  issues  —  such  as  succes- 
sion planning,  strategy,  compensation,  institutional  investor 
activism,  financial  accounting  and  reporting,  audit  committee 
practices,  ethics,  litigation,  D&0  insurance,  and  crisis 
management  —  the  DEI  provides  substantive  instruction  to 
participants  and  the  opportunity  to  engage  with  peers  to 
develop  best  boardroom  practices. 

With  insight  from  leading  executives,  corporate  directors, 
policymakers,  legal  and  financial  services  experts,  as  well 
as  academic  authorities  from  The  Fuqua  School  of  Business 
and  Duke  School  of  Law,  the  Directors'  Education  Institute 
offers  participants  a  framework  for  making  informed  board 
decisions  and  exercising  sound  business  judgment. 


'  Can  Boards  Handle 

Both  Their  Strategic  and 

Compliance  Duties? 

CEO  and  CF0  Retention 

and  Succession 
'  Current  Issues  in 

Executive  Compensation 
'  Shareholder  Activism, 

Institutional  Investors, 

Hedge  Funds  and 

Private  Equity 
'  Managing  the  Liability 

Exposure  of  Directors 
■  Audit  Committee 

Communications  and 

Coordination  with 

the  Board 

What  Directors 

Must  Know  About 

Financial  Reporting 


Program  Fee  $3,750 

The  fee  covers  tuition, 
instructional  materials 
and  alt  meals. 
Register  online 
or  call  919.613.7260 


Visit  our  web  site  for  the  most  up-to-date  information.  WWW.  D  U  K6  D  E 1 .  0  Fg 


Septembet -October  2007 


Janet,  Carol  Woods  Resident 


Try  new  things.. 

And  Make  a  Difference! 

Carol  Woods'  residents  have  been  making  a 
difference  all  of  their  lives,  and  they're  not  about  to 
stop  any  time  soon. 

In  fact,  people  choose  to  live  at  Carol  Woods 
because  it  gives  them  the  independence  and  time 
they  want  for  the  things  that  matter...  both  to  them 
and  the  community  of  Chapel  Hill.  On  any  given 
day  you'll  find  Carol  Woods'  residents  doing 
everything  from  preserving  a  wildlife  habitat  to 
tutoring  a  child. 

Find  out  more  about  Carol  Woods  living.  Call  800- 
518-9333  with  questions  or  to  schedule  a  visit! 

Celebrating  27  Years  of  Learning,  Growing, 
and  Contributing 

QNRDLWOODS 

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1-800-518-9333  Q  9 

750  Weaver  Dairy  Rd..  Chapel  Hill,  NC  27514  •  info(2'carohvoods.org  •  www.carolwoods.org 
Carol  Woods  is  an  accredited,  not-for-profit  community 


Carolina.  He  co-founded  Historic  Flat  Rock  in  1968 
and  was  past  president  of  the  Duke  Family  Associa- 
tion of  North  Carolina  Inc.  He  also  served  as  chair 
of  Historic  Durham  Inc.  and  as  president  of  the 
trustees  of  Carolina  Theater  Restoration  in  Durham. 
He  is  survived  by  a  daughter,  Liddy  Dozier  '71;  a 
son;  a  foster  son;  eight  grandchildren;  and  two  great- 
grandchildren. 

Lee  D.  Hirshland  '46  of  Reading  Eagle,  Hawaii, 
on  May  12,  2007.  He  served  during  World  War  II  and 
the  Kotean  War  as  a  lieutenant  commander.  He  is 
survived  by  his  wife,  Ginger;  three  sons;  one  sister; 
and  eight  grandchildren. 

Helen  Taylor  Pokay  R.N.  '46  of  Stuart,  Fla.,  on 
Jan.  1,  2007.  In  1965,  she  earned  her  B.S.N,  from  the 
University  of  Miami.  Survivors  include  two  daugh- 
ters and  a  son. 

Miller  F.  Brown  B.S.M.E.  '47  of  Kalamazoo,  Mich., 
on  Nov.  29,  2002.  At  Duke,  he  was  a  member  of  Phi 
Delta  Theta  fraternity.  Survivors  include  three  chil- 
dren, a  brothet,  and  two  grandchildren. 

Justin  Malloy  B.S.M.E.  '47  of  McLean,  Va.,  on 
April  4,  2007.  He  took  part  in  the  Navy's  V-12  pro- 
gram while  at  Duke  and  joined  the  Department  of 
the  Navy  after  graduation.  He  became  director  of  the 
Advanced  Weapons  Center  at  the  Naval  Air  Systems 
Command,  where  he  served  until  his  retirement  in 
1981.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Patricia;  eight  chil- 
dren; a  sister;  18  grandchildren;  and  three  great- 
grandchildren. 

Lillard  Hand  Mount  LL.B.  '47  of  Durham,  on 
May  25,  2007.  Before  attending  Duke,  he  served  in 
the  Army  Air  Corps  in  World  War  II.  He  was  a 
lawyer  in  Durham  for  almost  60  years.  His  clients 
included  the  Durham  Bulls.  He  is  survived  by  his 
wife,  Bonnie;  two  daughters;  a  son;  and  a  grandson. 

Julia  S.  Pryor  R.N.  '47  of  Greenville,  S.C.,  on 
April  2,  2007.  She  practiced  nursing  at  Greenville 
General  Hospital.  She  is  survived  by  her  husband, 
William  Watkins  Pryor  M.D.  '47;  two  sons, 
including  William  Watkins  Pryor  Jr.  M.D. '81; 
two  daughters;  and  eight  grandchildren. 

Alfred  J.  Bodine  '48  of  Fairport,  N.Y.,  on  Jan.  19, 
2007.  At  Duke,  he  lettered  in  cross  country  and 
track.  Survivors  include  a  daughter. 

Donald  L.  Hinman  '48  of  Jonesville,  N.Y.,  on 
April  15,  2004.  At  Duke,  he  was  a  member  of  Kappa 
Sigma.  He  is  survived  by  four  sons  and  a  daughter. 

John  G.  Bortner  '49  of  York,  Pa.,  on  June  3,  2007. 
After  graduating  from  high  school,  he  played  football 
for  the  West  York  Vikings  before  attending  Duke  on 
a  football  scholarship.  His  years  at  Duke  were  inter- 
rupted by  his  service  in  World  War  II.  He  was  a 
retired  owner  of  John  G.  Bortner  Plumbing,  Heating, 
and  Ait  Conditioning.  He  was  also  a  deacon  of  York 
First  Church  of  the  Brethren  and  a  member  of  the 
American  Poultry  Association.  He  raised  ornamental 
waterfowl  as  a  hobby.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife, 
Betty;  a  daughter;  a  son;  four  sistets;  two  brothers; 
and  a  granddaughter 

Lindsay  L.  Fogleman  B.S.C.E.  '49  of  Durham, 
on  May  2,  2007.  During  World  War  II,  he  served  with 
the  48th  Tank  Battalion,  14th  Armored  Division  and 
fought  in  the  Battle  of  the  Bulge.  He  received  a 
Purple  Heart  with  an  Oak  Leaf  Cluster.  After  Duke, 
he  co-founded  Delta  Construction  Co.,  serving  as 
president  and  treasurer  until  his  retirement  in  1985. 
Survivors  include  his  wife,  Mary  Lou;  a  daughter;  and 
two  grandchildren. 

Joseph  E.  "Bud"  Rabley  '49  of  Valle  Crucis, 
N.C.,  on  May  23,  2007.  After  high  school,  he  served 
in  the  Navy  as  a  navigational  instructor  during 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


World  War  II.  He  retired  in  1984  from  the  Bank  of 
Lancaster  in  Lancaster,  S.C.,  after  45  years.  Survivors 
include  his  wife,  Ruth;  two  sons;  a  daughter;  a  sister; 
five  grandchildren;  and  two  great-grandchildren. 

Max  W.  Wicker  '49  of  Southern  Pines,  N.C.,  on 
May  10,  2007.  He  was  a  Navy  veteran.  He  is  survived 
by  his  wife,  Ann  Stewart  Wicker  '55;  five  chil- 
dren; and  grandchildren. 

John  D.  Bridgers  M.D.  '50  of  Murfreesboro, 
Tenn.,  on  May  12,  2007.  After  serving  in  the  Navy 
during  World  War  II  and  the  Korean  War,  he  was 
released  from  active  duty  with  the  rank  of  lieutenant 
commander.  He  was  promoted  to  commander  in 
1970.  In  1956,  he  joined  the  Children's  Hospital  of 
Pennsylvania,  eventually  becoming  director  of  the 
outpatient  department.  In  1962,  he  joined  the  High 
Point  (N.C.)  Infant  and  Child  Clinic,  where  he  prac- 
ticed until  1984-  He  also  served  as  an  assistant  clini- 
cal professor  and  visiting  lecturer  at  UNC-CH's  med- 
ical school.  In  1965,  he  helped  found  the 
Developmental  Evaluation  Clinic  in  High  Point  and 
served  as  its  medical  director.  He  retired  from  private 
practice  in  1984  and  joined  the  Joint  Commission  for 
the  Accreditation  of  Hospitals.  He  worked  as  medical 
director  of  Burdette-Tomlin  Hospital  in  Cape  May 
Courthouse,  N.J.,  from  1988  until  his  retirement  in 
1994-  Survivors  include  four  sons,  two  daughters,  a 
sister,  nine  grandchildren,  two  step-grandchildren, 
and  two  great-grandchildren. 

James  Greenleaf  '50  of  Chester  County,  Pa.,  on 
May  31,  2007.  A  member  of  the  Naval  Reserve,  he 
later  became  president  and  CEO  of  Chemical 
Leaman.  He  also  served  on  the  board  ot  directors  of 
the  American  Trucking  Association  and  as  president 
of  the  National  Tank  Truck  Carriers.  He  is  survived 
by  his  wife,  Jane  Chivers  Greenleaf  '50;  four 
sons;  a  brother;  and  five  grandchildren. 


Mary  Jane  Johnson  B.S.N.  '50  of  Las  Vegas,  on 
April  29,  2007.  In  1980,  she  earned  her  master's 
degree  in  education  from  the  Universiry  of  Nevada- 
Las  Vegas.  Survivors  include  three  sons,  three  sisters, 
12  grandchildren,  and  three  great-grandchildren. 

James  G.  "Benny"  Steele  '50,  B.S.E.E.  '53 
of  McKen:ie,  Tenn.,  on  Dec.  11,  2006.  He  was  the 
leader  of  the  Duke  Ambassadors  ja:z  dance  band 
from  1951  to  1953.  After  leaving  Duke,  he  joined 
the  Navy,  where  he  became  a  carrier-rated  aviator. 
At  the  end  of  his  service,  he  returned  to  the  electron- 
ics industry  before  starting  his  own  business  in  1978. 
He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Jeanette;  a  son;  a  daughtet; 
and  a  grandson. 

Hugh  Roger  Anderson  LL.B.  '51  of  Asheboro, 
N.C,  on  May  29,  2007.  A  veteran  of  World  War  II, 
he  served  as  a  bombardier  and  navigator  of  B-29's  in 
the  20th  Air  Force  in  the  Southwest  Pacific  before 
being  honorably  discharged  with  the  rank  of  first 
lieutenant.  Aftet  gtaduating  from  Duke,  he  was 
admitted  to  the  Norrh  Carolina  Bar  and  was  a  part- 
ner in  two  law  firms  before  becoming  a  solo  practi- 
tioner in  1967.  He  retired  in  1991.  He  served  on  the 
board  of  directors  of  First  National  Bank  from  1965 
to  1995.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Hazel;  three  sons; 
two  sisters;  a  brother;  and  two  grandchildren. 

William  S.  Wetmore  '52  of  Clearwater,  Fla., 
on  Aug.  16,  2000.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Phi 
Kappa  Sigma  fraternity.  He  is  survived  by  a  sister 
and  two  nieces. 

Jennet  M.  Wilson  B.S.N.Ed  '52  of  Gainesville,  Ha., 
on  May  9,  2007.  Betote  attending  Duke,  she  served  as 
a  nurse  in  the  Navy  during  World  War  II.  She  received 
an  M.S.N,  from  Columbia  University.  She  helped 
establish  the  School  of  Nursing  at  the  University  of 
Florida,  where  she  spent  the  remainder  of  her  career. 
Survivors  include  two  nieces  and  two  nephews. 


Katherine  R.  Frayser  A.M.  '53,  Ph.D.  '60  of 
Charleston,  S.C.,  on  Feb.  1,  2004. 
Edwin  D.  Little  A.M.  '53  of  Hopewell,  Va.,  on 
May  2,  2005. 

William  James  Wilson  '53  of  Winston-Salem, 

on  May  27,  2007.  He  was  a  veteran  of  the  Army  Air 
Corps  and  the  Merchant  Marines  and  a  member  ot 
the  American  Legion.  A  life  member  and  president 
ot  the  Telephone  Pioneets  of  America,  he  was  also 
treasurer  and  member  of  the  North  Carolina 
Republican  Executive  Committee.  He  is  survived  by 
his  wife,  Louise;  a  daughtet;  a  son;  a  sister;  and  two 
gtandsons. 

Mary  Jane  Hassinger  '54  of  Bristol,  Tenn.,  on 
May  25,  2007.  She  worked  for  various  magazines  in 
New  York  and  then  Bristol  Builder's  Supply. 
Survivors  include  her  brother. 

Frank  Hooker  '54  of  Penhook,  Va.,  on  May  14, 
2007.  He  served  in  the  Marine  Corps  during  the 
Korean  War.  After  mustering  out,  he  worked  for 
Hooker  Furniture  Corp.  for  43  years,  serving  as  presi- 
dent and  COO  from  1987  until  his  retirement  in 
1999.  He  was  also  a  member  of  the  board  of  directors 
from  1958  to  2005.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife, 
Marilyn;  two  daughters;  a  sister;  two  grandchildren; 
and  two  great-grandchildren. 

Mary  Blair  Robinson  '54  of  La  Jolla,  Calif.,  on 
May  7,  2007.  She  is  survived  by  three  sons,  two  step- 
sons, and  one  brother. 

Arthur  David  Jr.  M.D.  '55  of  Jacksonville,  Fla., 
on  May  28,  2007.  He  was  a  Navy  veteran  of  World 
War  II  before  attending  Duke.  After  graduation,  he 
was  a  resident  at  Georgetown  University.  He  was  the 

first  nephrologist  in  Jacksonville  and  served  as  presi- 
dent of  Riverside  Clinic  for  38  years.  He  is  survived 
by  his  wife,  Rertv;  tour  sons;  two  daughters;  a  sister; 


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The  Iron  Dukes  Membership  Drive  has  begun  and  will 
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incentive  rewards. 

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IRON  DUKES 


Overview  of  Awards 


OneStudcni-Arhl, 


September -October  2007 


a  brother,  Donald  David  B.S.C.E.  '57;  and  15 

grandchildren. 

Harold  C.  Ferree  B.S.M.E.  '55  of  Glendale 

Springs,  N.C.,  on  Oct.  4,  2006.  At  Duke,  he  was  a 
member  of  the  Kappa  Alpha  fraternity.  He  was  a  self- 
employed  lawyer.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Jane;  a 
son;  a  daughter;  three  stepsons;  a  stepdaughter;  two 
sisters;  a  brother;  and  tour  grandchildren. 

Gail  Dolwick  Courtiol  '56  of  Shaker  Heights, 
Ohio,  on  May  24,  2007.  At  Duke,  she  was  a  member 
of  Alpha  Phi.  She  is  survived  by  her  husband, 
Jacques;  three  children;  and  one  grandchild. 

Bruce  B.  O'Dea  '56  of  Bradenton,  Fla.,  on  May  18, 
2007.  At  Duke  he  was  a  member  of  the  Delta  Sigma 
Phi  fraternity,  the  Duke  Players,  and  the  debate  team. 
Afterward,  he  attended  Yale  Law  School.  He  served 
in  the  Navy  JAG  Corps.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife, 
Betty  JO  Myers  O'Dea  '56;  two  sons;  and  three 
grandchildren. 

Elizabeth  Yontz  Marcadis  B.S.N.  '58  of  West 
Palm  Beach,  Fla.,  on  June  3,  2007.  In  1974,  her  fami- 
ly began  providing  care  for  medically  fragile  infants, 
and  in  1983,  the  Children's  Home  Society  of  Florida 
named  her  and  her  husband  Child  Advocates  of  the 
Year.  In  1990,  she  was  named  director  of  services  at 
The  Children's  Tlacc,  a  pediatric  home  for  the  care  of 
abused,  neglected,  and  abandoned  children,  where 
she  was  instrumental  in  the  development  of  Connor's 
Nursery,  Florida's  only  shelter  for  children  with 
AIDS.  She  served  as  director  of  services  at  Connor's 
Nursery  and,  after  retirement,  on  the  nursery's  board 
of  directors.  Survivors  include  her  husband,  Isaac 
Marcadis,  House  Staff '59;  three  daughters;  a 
brother;  a  sister;  and  seven  grandchildren. 

Nancy  G.  Morgan  A.M.  '58  of  Rock  Hill,  S.C,  on 
Jan.  10,  2005. 

Henry  N.  Dorris  M.S.  '60  of  Williamsburg,  Va.,  on 
May  10,  2007.  He  served  in  the  Army  from  1953  to 
1955.  He  worked  at  AT&T  Bell  Laboratories  for  33 
years  before  retiring  in  1987.  Following  his  retire- 
ment, he  was  chief  scientist  of  fiber  optic  technology 
for  the  Department  of  the  Navy  from  1988  to  1997. 
Survivors  include  his  wife,  Charlotte,  and  a  son. 

Dewey  Marion  Stowers  Jr.  Ed.D.  '61  of  Tampa, 
Fla.,  on  May  6,  2007.  He  served  in  the  Army  as  a 
musician  from  1945  to  1947.  During  his  tenure  as 
department  chair  at  the  University  of  South  Florida 
in  Tampa,  Stowers  established  the  weather  lab.  He  is 
survived  by  his  wife,  Emily;  a  son;  and  two  grandsons. 

Lucius  Harvin  III  J.D.  '63  of  Henderson,  N.C, 
on  May  30,  2007.  The  last  member  of  the  Rose  family 
to  head  the  retail  store  chain  of  that  name,  he  was 
named  to  the  Discounting  Hall  of  Fame  after  1 1  years 
as  president  of  Rose's.  Harvin  was  on  the  Duke  Law 
School  board  of  visitors,  a  board  member  emeritus, 
and  a  member  of  the  Founders'  Society  of  Duke. 
Survivors  include  his  wife,  Rebecca;  two  daughters; 
a  son,  Lucius  Harvin  IV  '89;  two  sisters;  a  brother; 
and  six  grandchildren. 

Raymond  Marquess  Rowe  Jr.  M.Div.  '63  of 
Charleston,  WVa.,  on  May  26,  2007.  He  served  in 
the  Army  from  1954  to  1956  and  after  graduating 
from  Duke,  earned  his  D.Div.  from  Drew  University 
in  1980.  He  served  for  six  years  on  the  board  of  direc- 
tors of  the  Burlington  United  Methodist  Family 
Service,  including  two  years  as  chair.  He  is  survived 
by  his  wife,  Mary  Belle;  two  sons;  two  daughters;  five 
stepchildren;  a  sister;  and  15  grandchildren. 

Gladys  Hayes  Crates  '64  of  Chattanooga,  Tenn., 
on  May  23,  2007.  She  received  bachelor's  and  mas- 
ter's degtees  in  mathematics  from  the  University  of 
Tennessee-Chattanooga  and  a  doctorate  in  educa- 
tional administration  and  supervision  from  UT- 


Knoxville.  She  began  her  teaching  career  in  1973 
and  retired  in  2005  from  Chattanooga  State 
Technical  Community  College  as  dean  of  the  arts 
and  sciences  division.  She  served  as  president  of  the 
In-As-Much  Mission  for  homeless  people.  Survivors 
include  her  husband,  Robert;  two  sons;  a  brother;  a 
sister,  and  four  grandchildren. 

John  Robert  Elster  J.D.  '64  of  Winston-Salem, 
on  May  15,  2007.  He  received  his  bachelor's  from 
Rice  University  in  1959.  From  1959  to  1961,  he 
served  in  the  Marine  Corps,  achieving  the  rank  of 
captain.  In  1964,  he  joined  the  Winston-Salem 
law  firm  Kilpatrick  Stockton.  He  also  served  as  an 
adjunct  professor  at  the  Wake  Forest  University 
School  of  Law.  He  was  a  member  of  the  hoard  of 
trustees  of  Centenary  United  Methodist  Church  and 
was  president  of  the  Winston-Salem  Downtown 
Rotary  Club  from  1987  to  1988.  Survivors  include  his 
wife,  Helen  Suzan;  a  son;  a  daughter;  two  sisters;  and 
five  grandchildren. 

Kenneth  A.  Podger  Jr.  '65  of  Raleigh,  on  May  7, 
2007.  He  served  in  the  Air  Force  as  a  pilot  from  1965 
to  1970,  attaining  the  rank  of  major.  He  graduated 
from  the  UNC-CH  Dental  School  in  1976  and  went 
into  private  practice  until  his  retitement  in  2006.  He 
is  survived  by  his  wife,  Jackie;  his  father,  Kenneth  A. 
Podger  '37,  M.D.  '41;  his  mother;  and  two  siblings. 

John  L.  Gray  D.F  '69  of  Little  Rock,  Ark.,  on  May 
5,  2007.  He  served  as  an  Army  Air  Corps  communi- 
cations officer  in  World  War  II.  After  leaving  the 
service,  he  worked  at  the  North  Carolina 
Agricultural  Extension  Service  for  18  years,  13  of 
them  as  professor  and  head  of  the  Extension  Forestry 
Department.  In  1963  he  became  director  of  the 
University  of  Florida's  School  of  Forest  Resources  and 
Conservation,  serving  for  14  years.  He  then  joined 
the  Forest  Service  as  director  of  the  Pinchot  Institute 
for  Conservation  Studies,  where  he  worked  until  his 
retirement  in  1982.  He  is  survived  by  a  daughter  and 
a  grandson. 

Kathy  McCormick  Kibler  B.S.N.  72  ofDerry, 

N.H.,  on  May  4,  2007.  She  earned  her  nurse  practi- 
tioner degree  from  UNC-CH.  Survivors  include  two 
sons,  her  mother,  and  two  brothers. 

Edward  Roan  Snyder  III  '72  of  Winston-Salem, 
on  May  2,  2007.  He  served  as  a  deacon,  elder,  and 
distribution  treasurer  for  over  30  years  at  Elkin 
Presbyterian  Church.  A  former  Master  Mason  of 
Elkin  Masonic  Lodge  454,  he  served  as  its  secretary 
for  over  20  years.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Judy;  two 
sons,  including  Jonathan  Reich  Snyder  '97;  his 
mother;  and  a  sister. 

Margaret  L.  Fairgrieve  '73  of  York,  Pa.,  on  May 
29,  2007.  Survivors  include  a  daughter,  a  son,  a 
brother,  and  a  sister. 

Elizabeth  H.  Moore  Ed.D.  74  of  Charleston, 
S.C,  on  Oct.  4,  2005. 

Samuel  Casto  Southard  Jr.  75  of  Sacramento, 
Calif.,  on  March  13,  2006.  He  is  survived  by  a  son,  a 
daughter,  two  sisters,  and  two  brothers. 

James  A.  Hodges  M.E.M.  76  of  Durham,  on 
April  30,  2007.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Bonila; 
rwo  daughters;  a  brother;  and  a  sister. 

Jennie  M.  Schaeffer  M.Div.  76  of  Salisbury, 

Mo.,onjan.31,2006. 

Kathleen  Tracy  MAT.  76  of  Columbus,  Ga.,  on 

April  30,  2007.  She  is  survived  by  a  son,  a  daughtet, 

her  mother,  five  sisters,  and  two  grandchildren. 

Jerry  S.  Dodson  M.Div.  77  of  Mebane,  N.C,  on 
July  21,  2006.  He  served  in  the  North  Carolina  Con- 
ference of  the  United  Methodist  Church  and  with 
numerous  Methodist  churches  in  the  state.  He  is  sur- 


vived by  his  wife,  Wanda;  two  daughters;  and  a  son. 

William  M.  Jones  Ph.D.  77  of  Norfolk,  Va.,  on 
May  14,  2007.  He  taught  political  science  at  King 
College  for  seven  years  before  becoming  the  Batten 
Professor  of  political  science  at  Virginia  Wesleyan 
College.  He  received  the  Samuel  Nelson  Gray  Award 
for  outstanding  teaching  in  1993.  He  was  host  of  the 
Fitst  Look  Film  Forum  and  other  film  series  at  the 
NARO  Theater  in  Norfolk.  He  co-edited  the  Journal 
of  Popular  Culture  and  was  an  officer  of  the  American 
Culture  Association  at  the  time  of  his  retirement. 
Survivors  include  his  wife,  Constance 
McCulloch  Jones  A.M.  70,  Ph.D.  74;  two  chil- 
dren; his  mother;  and  two  siblings. 

William  F.  Giarla  J.D.  79  of  Mr.  Lebanon,  Pa., 
on  June  4,  2007.  He  completed  his  undergraduate 
degree  at  Harvard  in  1975.  He  worked  as  an  associate 
in  Buchanan  Ingersoll  ck  Rooney's  litigation  division 
and  practiced  briefly  with  Westinghouse  Corp. 
before  moving  to  Koppers  Industries.  He  also  main- 
tained a  working  association  with  Babst,  Calland, 
Clements  &  Zomnir.  After  the  ttagic  shooting  of 
his  sister-in-law  Martha  Dixon  in  1994,  he  became 
president  of  the  Martha  Fund,  an  organization  that 
builds  children's  playgrounds  in  her  memory.  Sur- 
vivors include  his  wife,  Joanne;  a  son;  a  daughter;  and 
seven  siblings. 

Robert  M.  Jennings  Jr.  '84  of  Gainesville,  Ga., 
on  May  20,  2007.  He  earned  an  M.D.  from  the 
University  of  Virginia  1988.  He  was  coordinator  of 
sports  medicine  for  the  Lake  Lanier  rowing,  canoe, 
and  kayak  venues  during  the  1996  Olympics  and  was 
a  medical  consultant  for  the  Atlanta  Falcons  football 
team.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Eve;  five  children; 
his  parents;  a  brother;  and  a  sister. 

Jerry  Lowry  M.Div.  '85  of  Sanford,  N.C,  on  May 
4,  2007.  He  received  a  posthumous  honorary  doctot- 
ate  from  UNC-Pembroke  on  May  5.  He  was  a  trustee 
at  UNC-Pembroke,  Brunswick  Community  College, 
Methodist  University,  and  the  North  Carolina 
Conference  of  the  United  Methodist  Church.  He  is 
survived  by  his  wife,  Doreen;  two  daughters;  three 
brothers;  and  six  grandsons. 

Karen  Yoh  '87  of  Haverford,  Pa.,  on  June  25,  2007. 
After  earning  her  bachelor's  degree  with  a  major  in 
psychology,  she  worked  in  the  office  services  for 
DuPont  Co.  betote  joining  Day  &.  Zimmermann  Inc. 
in  Philadelphia,  a  firm  owned  by  the  Yoh  family  for 
more  than  30  years.  At  Day  &  Zimmermann,  she  was 
vice  president  of  corporate  and  community  affairs. 
She  also  served  as  president  of  Barclay  Travel,  a  com- 
pany subsidiary.  Yoh  served  on  the  boards  of  the 
Coriell  Institute  of  Medical  Research  and  the  Duke 
Library.  She  is  survived  by  her  father,  Harold 
L.  Yoh  B.S.M.E  '58;  her  mother,  Mary  Milus  Yoh 
'59;  her  brothers,  William  C.  Yoh  '93,  Jeffrey 
M.  Yoh  BSE.  '88,  MBA.  '94,  Michael  H.  Yoh 
B.S.E.  '85,  and  Harold  L.  Yoh  III  B.S.E.  '83;  her 
sister-in-law  Sharon  Crutcher  Yoh  '83;  and  her 
niece  Kristen  K.  Yoh  09. 

Raymond  Carl  Houghton  Jr.  Ph.D.  '91  of 
Delmar,  N.Y.,  on  May  30,  2007.  He  served  as  a  second 
lieutenant  with  the  101st  Airborne  Field  Artillery 
during  the  Vietnam  War  and  was  decorated  with  the 
National  Defense  Service  Medal,  Vietnam  Campaign 
Medal,  Vietnam  Service  Medal,  Air  Medal,  Army 
Commendation  Medal,  Bronze  Star,  and  Purple 
Heart.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Jan;  two  daughters; 
a  son;  two  brothers;  a  sister;  and  a  grandson. 

Lauren  P.  Sigmon  '06  of  High  Point,  N.C,  on 
May  30,  2007.  She  volunteered  with  the  Karen 
Beasley  Sea  Turtle  Rescue  and  Rehabilitation  Center 
on  Topsail  Island.  She  is  survived  by  her  parents, 
Allen  Sigmon  76  and  Patrice  Hawkins 


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Sigmon  '76;  three  grandparents,  including  W. 
Thornton  Hawkings  M.Div.  '54;  and  an  aunt, 
Catherine  H.  Hoffman  '78. 
Distinguished  Alumnus  McGovern 
John  P.  "Jack"  McGovern  M.D.  '45,  Hon.  '95  of 
Houston  died  May  31,  2007.  He  was  85.  A  leader  in 
asthma  research  and  immunology,  he  was  also  a 
noted  philanthropist.  Through  his  generosity,  the 
construction  of  the  McGovern-Davison  Children's 
Health  Center  at  Duke  was  made  possible. 

After  graduating  from  Duke,  McGovern  began 
his  career  in  medicine  in  the  Army  medical  corps. 
In  1951,  he  began  teaching  at  George  Washington 
University  Medical  School.  He  later  taught  at  Tulane 
University  and  Baylor  University.  Though  his  train- 
ing was  in  pediatrics,  McGovern  developed  an  interest 
in  asthma  and  allergies,  especially  in  children.  As  a 
result,  he  started  allergy  clinics  for  children  in  both 
New  Orleans  and  Houston.  He  retired  in  1986  but 
continued  to  act  as  a  consultant  in  the  Houston 
clinic  until  1991. 

For  McGovern 's  contributions  to  the  medical 
community,  Duke  awarded  him  the  Distinguished 
Alumnus  award  in  1976  and  an  honorary  degree  in 
1995.  Among  numerous  other  awards,  he  received 
the  Private  Sectot  Initiative  commendation  in  1985 
from  President  Ronald  Reagan  for  his  contributions 
to  his  community  and  his  work  in  medicine. 

Through  the  John  P.  McGovern  Foundation,  he 
endowed  many  professorships,  honorary  degrees,  and 
awards  at  various  universities  throughout  the  U.S. 
Buildings  in  Houston  bearing  his  name  include  the 
John  P.  McGovern  Hall  of  the  Americas  in  the 
Museum  of  Natural  Science,  the  John  P.  McGovern 
Building  (which  houses  the  Museum  of  Health  and 
Medical  Science  and  its  McGovern  Theater),  the 
John  P.  McGovern  Historical  Collections  and  Research 
Centet  at  the  Texas  Medical  Center  Library,  the  John 
P.  McGovern  Texas  Medical  Center  Commons,  and 
the  John  P.  McGovern  Children's  Zoo.  He  was  also  a 
founding  member  of  the  American  Osier  Society,  a 
society  that  honors  medicine's  important  historical 
figures  and  stresses  ethics  and  charity  in  physicians. 

He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Katherine. 
Assistant  Director  of  Alumnae  Affairs  Corbin 
Charlotte  Corbin  '35,  94,  of  Durham,  died  July 
13,  2007.  Born  in  Virginia,  she  moved  to  Durham 
when  she  was  15,  where  she  attended  Durham  High 
School.  After  earning  her  bachelor's  degree  with  a 
major  in  elementary-school  education,  she  joined 
Duke's  staff  in  public  relations  and  alumni  affairs, 
where  she  was  responsible  for  the  department's  finan- 
cial recordkeeping.  She  also  took  on  a  key  role  in 
organizing  the  Half-Century  Club  and  helped  oversee 
the  Loyalty  Fund. 

As  assistant  director  of  alumnae  affairs,  she  admin- 
isteted  and  coordinated  all  programs  of  particular 
interest  to  alumnae,  assisted  with  class  reunions,  and 
worked  with  alumni  whose  children  attended  Duke. 
Along  with  her  mothet,  she  also  oversaw  the  opera- 
tions of  two  university  guest  houses,  the  off-campus 
Four  Acres  and  then  the  Ptesident's  House,  now  the 
Office  of  Undergraduate  Admissions.  Het  work  in 
that  role  ranged  from  hosting  Jisrin^uished  visitors 
to  the  university  to  planning  social  gatherings  for 
the  board  of  trustees  and  faculty.  She  retired  in  1977. 

Corbin  was  a  member  of  the  Duke  Memorial 
United  Methodist  congregation  for  almost  76  years. 
Active  in  her  community,  she  was  a  member  of  the 
United  Methodist  Women's  organization  at  Duke 
Memorial  Church,  as  well  as  a  teachet  at  the  Minnie 
P.  Gates  Sunday  school.  Her  intetest  in  genealogy 
led  to  her  membership  in  the  Henry  Corbin  Chapter 
of  the  National  Society  of  Colonial  Dames  XVII 
Century,  based  in  Danville,  Va. 

She  is  survived  by  two  brothers,  six  nieces,  and 
two  nephews. 


September -October  2007  77 


Under  the  Gargoyle 


Engaging  Ideas 


By  Richard  H.  Brodhead 

This  is  an  edited  version  of  the  address 
President  Brodhead  delivered  to  freshmen 
and  their  parents  at  convocation  in 
late  August. 

Class  of  201 1 ,  you're  together  at  last. 
As  recently  as  March,  you  were  to- 
tal strangers  randomly  distributed 
across  this  country  and  the  world, 
with  nothing  in  common  but  great  promise. 
On  the  day  we  accepted  you  and  you  had 
the  good  sense  to  choose  Duke,  these  stran- 
gers became  a  potential  community,  since 
you  would  one  day  converge  on  the  same 
destination.  This  summer  you  have  done 
little  else  but  meet  and  greet  in  cyberspace, 
so  you  arrive  not  strangers  but  virtual  friends. 
But  now  comes  the  real  thing,  the  assembly 
of  a  critical  mass  of  highly  combustible  tal- 
ent, the  Duke  freshman  class,  1,700  strong, 
ready  to  befriend  one  another  and  spark  each 
other  to  an  explosion  of  personal  growth. 

As  for  the  parents  and  families,  I  know 
this  is  a  time  of  strangely  mixed  emotions. 
Your  child  has  entered  one  of  the  world's 
great  universities.  It  doesn't  get  better  than 
that.  And  that  ungrateful  wretch  has  aban- 
doned you  and  left  home  to  start  another 
life.  I  feel  your  pain,  but  I  want  to  warn  you, 
things  will  get  worse.  A  mother  reported 
that  toward  the  end  of  our  rather  extended 
Christmas  vacation,  as  the  time  approached 
for  her  freshman  son  to  return  to  Duke,  he 
casually  remarked,  oblivious  to  the  damage 
to  her  feelings:  "I've  really  enjoyed  being 
with  the  family,  but  I'm  about  ready  to  go 
back  home." 

Well,  that's  the  point.  For  every  student, 
that's  what  Duke  is  about  to  become:  your 
home,  the  place  where  you  belong,  the 
place  where  others  know  you  and  care 
about  you,  the  place  that  nourishes  your 
growth  of  self. 

Like  other  universities,  we  talk  about  the 
first  few  days  in  the  language  of  orientation. 
As  you  know,  orientation  is  a  compass 
word — orient  means  the  East,  from  oriri,  to 
rise;  and  the  word  suggests  that  you'll  be  lost 
in  space,  disoriented,  until  you  learn  the 


coordinates  for  charting  your  way.  You'll 
learn  many  things  the  first  week,  but  my  job 
could  be  to  name  the  cardinal  points  of 
Duke's  compass,  the  values  you'll  need  to 
observe  to  navigate  this  new  world.  As  with 
the  compass,  there  are  four. 

First,  Duke  is  a  place  for  excellence. 
Whether  it's  on  our  famous  athletic  teams 
or  our  no-less-famous  research  teams,  this 
place  becomes  Duke  to  the  extent  that  peo- 
ple recognize  the  difference  between  the 
best  and  the  very  good  and  are  willing  to 
work  the  extra  measure  to  achieve  the  best. 

Second,  Duke  is  a  place  of  community. 
Duke  is  different  from  some  places  where 
people  are  driven  to  outstanding  achieve- 
ment in  that,  at  Duke,  it's  not  about  doing 
better  than  someone  else.  This  is  an  amaz- 
ingly friendly  place,  a  place  where  people  of 
extraordinarily  various  backgrounds  learn 
to  accomplish  things  together  they  couldn't 
achieve  on  their  own.  It's  a  place  where 
people  take  the  trouble  to  challenge  each 
other,  to  support  each  other,  to  respect  each 
other,  and  to  enjoy  each 
other.  You  will  find  it  so. 
Help  keep  it  so! 

Third,  everything  we 
do  at  Duke  is  done  for  the 
sake  of  education.  By  ed- 
ucation we  mean  some- 
thing far  beyond  formal 
course-enrollment  or  tran- 
script-building. We  mean 
the  continual  deepening 
of  your  grasp  of  the  world 
and  strengthening  of  your 
capacities  to  act  intelli- 
gently in  that  world.  Please 
don't  settle  for  a  lesser 
goal.  If  you  have  a  smaller 
aim,  you'll  get  a  Duke  de- 
gree, but  you  won't  get  a 
Duke  education. 

Excellence  pursued  as  a 
community  toward  the 
end  of  ongoing  education 
— that's  a  fair  description  of  Duke's  project. 
But  my  fourth  value  is  as  important  as  any 
other,  since  without  it  there's  no  reaching 
the  other  three.  With  my  current  fondness 
for  the  letter  E,  I'll  call  it  engagement.  To 


Everything  we  do  at  Duke 
is  done  for  the  sake  of 
education.  By  education 
we  mean  something  far 
beyond  formal  course- 
enrollment  or  transcript- 
building.  We  mean  the 
continual  deepening 
of  your  grasp  of  the  world 
and  strengthening  of 
your  capacities  to  act 
intelligently  in  that  world. 


give  the  flavor  of  what  I  mean,  let  me  tell  a 
true  story. 

I  have  office  hours  most  weeks  in  the 
President's  Office  and  students  somewhat 
randomly  come  by — in  the  best  version,  not 
for  any  official  reason,  but  just  to  chat.  Last 
winter  two  undergraduates,  perfect  strangers 
to  me,  came  by  within  an  hour  of  each 
other.  The  first,  a  freshman — by  chance  it 
was  a  woman,  though  I've  had  many  such 
chats  with  men — was  somewhat  disap- 
pointed after  her  first  term  at  Duke.  Had 
she  found  interesting  classes?  Yes,  her  aca- 
demics had  been  just  as  she  hoped.  Had  she 
found  friends?  Yes,  and  good  ones.  But  she 
had  not  found  enough  to  do  here,  wasn't 
attracted  to  some  of  the  pastimes  other  stu- 
dents favored,  and  in  general  was  feeling  a 
little  down. 

We  had  a  thoughtful  conversation,  and  I 
was  sympathetic,  even  though  some  part  of 
me  knew  that  every  student  in  the  history 
of  the  world  had  passed  through  moods  like 
this.  (I  certainly  did.)  She  knew  it,  too.  At 
the  end  of  our  chat,  she 
brightened,  and  told  me 
she  had  friends  who  were 
upperclassmen  who  told 
her  they  had  passed 
through  such  phases,  but 
things  had  worked  out  for 
them,  and  she  expected 
they  would  for  her  as  well. 
This  was  still  fresh  in 
my  mind  when  a  second 
student  came  in,  a  sopho- 
more, by  chance  a  young 
man,  though  I  have  had 
many  such  conversations 
with  Duke  women.  In  two 
seconds  we  were  off  and 
running.  Me:  What  led 
you  into  engineering?  He, 
after  giving  an  interesting 
reply:  Did  I  like  the  nov- 
els of  Cormac  MacCarthy? 
Me:  Yes,  though  Blood  Me- 
ridian was  hard  to  take.  He:  And  had  I  read 
The  Roadl  Yes,  I  just  had;  an  extraordinary 
piece  of  writing  and  envisioning  that  we 
discussed  in  some  detail.  He:  By  the  way, 
did  I  know  about  the  Duke  Conversations 


78 


PUKEMAGAZINK 


program — a  program  by  which  groups  of 
students  get  to  invite  interesting  people  to 
campus  and  sit  down  with  them  for  small- 
group  discussion?  (In  fact,  I  did  know  about 
this  program,  since  I  helped  create  it.)  He'd 
found  that  an  especially  interesting  and 
enjoyable  part  of  his  life  and  supplied  some 
details.  Oh,  and  by  the  way:  What  did  I 
think  about  the  charter-school  movement? 
Me:  Why  do  you  ask?  He:  Oh,  I  took  a  course 
in  the  Forging  Social  Ideals  FOCUS  pro- 
gram and  did  a  project  on  charter  schools 
and  got  very  interested  in  them,  and  why 
different  people  support  and  oppose  them, 
and  what's  going  on  with  schools  in  Dur- 
ham, etc.,  etc.  It's  now  widely  recognized 
how  crucial  the  quality  of  elementary  edu- 
cation is  to  America's  competitive  future, 
and  whether  such  education  can  be  deliv- 
ered through  reformed  versions  of  existing 
schools  or  only  through  alternative  models 
is  a  key  topic  for  debate.  We  went  at  it  for  a 
while,  and  then  our  time  was  up. 

Now,  I'm  not  pretending  that  I  knew 
either  of  these  characters  thoroughly  at  the 
end  of  twenty  minutes,  and  on  a  different 
day,  I  might  have  caught  each  of  them  in  a 
very  different  state.  But  by  complete  chance, 
their  visits  put  before  me  two  very  different 
versions  of  a  Duke  experience — one  de- 
fined by  a  sense  of  waiting  for  things  that 
seemed  missing,  the  other  full  to  bursting 


with  interests  and  involvements.  It  matters 
which  you  end  up  with.  One  of  these  lives 
sounded  like  a  lot  more  fun  to  live,  and  not 
by  coincidence,  one  sounded  like  it  had  a 
lot  more  education  going  on  in  it.  So  let's 
stop  and  try  to  understand  where  the  differ- 
ence arose. 

To  me,  the  most  striking  fact  is  that  it  was 
not  a  function  of  external  circumstance. 
These  two  students  were  attending  the 
same  university  and  had  all  the  same  reali- 
ties and  opportunities  surrounding  them.  If 
one  was  getting  a  lot  more  from  this  place, 
including  a  lot  more  satisfaction,  it's  be- 
cause that  person  was  engaging  it  much 
more  vigorously:  subjecting  Duke  to  a  high- 
er level  of  internal  activism,  adding  his  or 
her  own  enterprise,  curiosity,  and  creativity 
to  the  mix.  Duke  Conversations?  This  is 
still  a  growing  program,  but  under  its  aus- 
pices, Duke  students  have  had  a  chance  to 
sit  down  (among  others)  with  liberal  and 
conservative  national  political  advisers, 
inventors,  and  critics  of  the  new  media, 
and,  closer  to  home,  Duke  faculty  members 
from  across  the  university,  for  intimate  con- 
versation. I  promise  you,  you  could  learn 
something  from  people  of  these  sorts!  But  it 
took  initiative  to  connect  with  this  pro- 
gram: As  they  say  of  the  lottery:  You've  got 
to  play  to  win. 

Similarly  with  the  charter-school  busi- 


Welcome  words:  Brodhead  exhorted  first-year 
students  to  contribute  to  their  communities,  strive 
for  educational  excellence,  and  seek  opportunities 
for  engagement 

ness.  A  Duke  sophomore  was  able  to  sit 
with  me  and  talk  intelligently  about  one  of 
the  complex  and  consequential  issues  of 
current  American  society  (this  is  not  a  rare 
experience  for  me)  partly  because  he  had 
taken  a  course — but  far  more  because,  in- 
stead of  just  doing  the  homework  and  col- 
lecting the  grade,  he'd  invested  the  work  of 
the  course  with  his  personal  curiosity,  used 
the  class  to  help  him  know  more  about 
something  he  wanted  to  understand,  and 
carried  his  active  inquiry  on  long  after  the 
course  was  completed.  (I  can't  pass  up  the 
chance  to  mention  that  this  male  engineer- 
ing student  had  this  experience  in  a  class 
taught  by  a  professor  of  Women's  Studies.) 
As  for  Cormac  MacCarthy,  even  in  the  days 
of  iPods  and  YouTube,  educated  people  still 
can  and  do  read  books,  and  not  just  books 
someone  else  assigned  them.  Let  your  cu- 
riosity do  the  driving,  and  you'll  always 
have  somewhere  interesting  to  go. 

My  point  is  this:  You've  come  to  a  place 
extraordinarily  rich  in  opportunities.  But 
like  certain  famous  energy  sources,  Duke's 
offerings  will  remain  inert  until  something 
is  added  to  start  the  reaction.  The  missing  in- 
gredient is  your  personal  engagement,  your 
taking  the  initiative  to  seek  and  seize  op- 
portunities and  to  charge  them  with  your 
energies  of  mind.  I'm  not  asking  that  you 
just  keep  busy.  Being  tightly  scheduled  is 
not  the  same  thing  as  being  engaged.  And 
I'm  not  asking  that  you  model  your  life  on 
anyone  else's.  The  proof  that  you're  en- 
gaged will  be  that  your  Duke  career  will 
have  its  own  distinctive  plot,  driven  by  your 
gifts,  your  passions,  your  concerns.  But  if 
you  don't  make  it  your  business  to  activate 
this  place  with  your  interests,  then  a  lot  of 
Duke  will  just  be  nice  scenery — which  is 
great,  but  you  could  be  more  than  a  tourist. 

Your  class  will  be  the  first  to  have  full 
access  to  something  highly  relevant  to  what 
I'm  describing — the  program  called  (did 
you  guess  it?)  DukeEngage.  We  want  to 
challenge  you  (and  will  assist  you)  to  find 
ways  to  complement  your  academic  study 
with  involvement  in  real-world  problem 
solving,  in  settings  reaching  from  Durham 
around  the  world.  I  could  see  future  ver- 
sions of  you  in  the  Duke  students  who  used 


September -October  2007 


their  public-policy  train- 
ing this  summer  to  help 
complete  a  crucial  study 
for  the   government   of 
New  Orleans,  where  offi- 
cials singled  them  out  for  their  vital  role 
helping  the  city  qualify  tor  $300  million  in 
federal  disaster  funding.  Or  I  could  see  you 
in  the  premed  major,  a  noted  member  of  our 
women's  basketball  team,  whose  blog  I've 
followed  while  she  worked  in  the  highlands 
of  Guatemala  introducing  small  stoves  into 
areas  that  previously  cooked  on  minimally 
ventilated  indoor  fires,  causing  high  levels 
of  respiratory  disease. 

We  see  this  program  as  a  triple  winner. 
First,  it  helps  Duke  students  get  out  into  the 
world  and  learn  the  problems  and  prospects 
of  national  and  global  cultures  firsthand. 
Second,  students  often  become  more  deeply 
invested  in  their  academic  work  when  they 
see  how  things  learned  here  can  be  brought 
to  bear  on  lived  human  challenges.  And 
third,  such  opportunities  help  Duke  stu- 
dents learn  their  power  to  make  a  differ- 
ence, and  to  put  their  knowledge  in  service 
to  society. 

DukeEngage  will  make  a  great  comple- 
ment to  the  education  we  give  on  campus. 
But  being  engaged  means  more  than  sign- 
ing up  for  a  program  with  the  word  in  the 
title.  Nor  is  this  the  only  way  to  fulfill  my 
charge.  I'm  inviting  you  to  see  every  chance 
that  comes  to  you  every  day  as  something 
you  could  meet  either  in  a  more  active  or  in 
a  more  detached  fashion;  and  this  includes 
your  dealings  with  one  another.  Colleges 
have  no  greater  joy  than  the  endlessly  fresh, 
utterly  unforeseen  ways  that  groups  of  stu- 
dents come  together  to  do  things  just 
because  they  seem  as  if  they  would  be  good 
or  fun  to  do — play  sports,  make  films,  plan 
concerts  or  comedy  shows,  join  neighbor- 
hood service  programs.  This  group  creativi- 
ty is  a  source  of  exuberant  delight,  but  it's 
also  more  than  that.  The  literature  of  global 
competitiveness  suggests  that  the  people 
who  will  have  most  success  in  the  future 
won't  be  those  who  have  mastered  fixed 
skills  but  those  deeply  practiced  in  a  flexi- 
ble, enterprising,  self-activating  creativity, 
and  in  pulling  teams  together  across  bound- 


Ties  that  bind:  Despite  the  emotional  toll  of  saying  good-bye  to  their  families,  students  were  assured  by 
Brodhead  that  Duke  would  become  "the  place  where  you  belong" 


aries  to  improvise  ways  to  solve  problems  or 
capture  opportunities.  When  I  see  all  the 
student-driven  activity  on  this  campus,  I 
see  people  mastering  these  crucial  skills.  So 
if  you  hang  back,  if  you  don't  mix  it  up  with 
all  the  miscellaneous  human  talent  that 
now  surrounds  you,  then  you're  going  to 
lose  both  short-  and  long-term:  Your  pres- 
ent life  will  be  less  interesting,  and  your 
future  powers  will  stay  undeveloped. 

When  I  ask  you  to  engage  with  one 
another,  I'm  talking  about  pooling  your  cre- 
ativity, but  also  enlarging  one  another's 
understanding.  I  met  an  incoming  freshman 
this  summer  from  Cary,  North  Carolina,  a 
rapidly  growing  suburb  half  an  hour  from 
here,  who  told  me  her  roommate  was  com- 
ing from  Bulgaria,  which  is  farther  away. 
Each  of  you  will  now  be  in  close  contact 
with  people  from  as  far  away  from  wherever 
you've  called  home  as  Cary  is  from  Bulgaria, 
in  geographical  or  cultural  or  religious  or 
other  forms  of  distance.  (In  this  country, 
there  are  parts  of  the  political  spectrum  that 
are  at  least  this  far  apart  in  terms  of  ability 
to  grasp  the  thinking  on  the  other  side  of 
the  divide.)  We  want  you  to  come  together 
to  create  a  common  Duke  culture  that  you 
will  all  be  at  home  in,  and  I  don't  doubt  you 


will.  But  it  would  be  a  loss  if  drawing 
together  kept  you  from  learning  from  one 
another's  differences.  You'll  be  way  better 
prepared  when  you  leave  Duke  if  you  know 
how  to  appreciate  the  different  thinking  of 
many  more  branches  of  the  human  family 
than  you  know  today,  and  the  people  sitting 
around  you  could  give  you  the  means.  But 
this  won't  happen  unless  you  reach  out, 
open  yourselves  to  each  other,  and  struggle 
to  grasp  the  human  lesson  that  every  other 
person  here  embodies. 

Class  of  201 1, 1  have  another  idea  how  to 
alarm  your  families.  Why  don't  you  call  them 
some  day  and  say,  "Mom!  Dad!  Congratu- 
late me!  I'm  engaged!"  Depending  on  how 
you  mean  this,  the  news  could  be  quite  wel- 
come. You  could  be  saying  that  you  had 
mastered  the  first  lesson  of  Duke,  the  one 
that  opens  the  door  to  all  the  others.  A  great 
experience  awaits  you,  but  more  than  you 
have  probably  imagined,  the  value  of  that 
experience  is  yours  to  determine.  Invest  this 
place  with  the  full  measure  of  your  curiosity, 
intelligence,  creativity,  and  human  warmth, 
and  the  returns  will  be,  as  they  say,  priceless. 
We  want  you  not  just  to  attend  Duke  but  to 
own  it.  Last  spring  we  admitted  you.  Now 
it's  time  to  take  possession.  ■ 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


:ife*?; 


Duke 
Reunions 

12008 


Recapture  the  fun,  the  friendships, 
and  the  magic  of  your  Duke  experience 

Reunions  2008  offers  something  for  everyone.  From  educational 
sessions  to  class  parties,  from  tours  and  performance  events  to 
sports  clinics,  we've  got  a  great  Reunions  Weekend  coming  your 
way  this  spring. 

Your  reunion  begins  online  atwww.DukeReunions.com 

Classes  of  1958, 1963, 1968, 1973, 1978, 1983, 1988, 
1993, 1998,  2003:  Start  making  your  plans  now!  Click  on  your 
class  year  for  travel  and  lodging  options.  You'll  also  want  to  see  what 
everyone  has  been  doing  lately,  so  don't  forget  to  add  your  name  to 
the  list  of  classmates  planning  to  attend. 


Reunions  2008  -  Engage  •  Connect  •  Celebrate 


ALUMNI    ASSOCIATION 


DUKE 


NONPROFIT  0R( 

U.S.  Postage 
PAID 
P  P  C  O 


Cham, i  Si-kvut  Rigu  wi  o 


r\k\h\x 


Duke  University  would  like  to  thank  the  98,000  donors  -  half  of  them 
alumni  and  parents  -  who  made  a  gift  during  the  2006-07  fiscal  year. 

•  •  • 

Between  June  30,  2006  and  July  1,  2007,  the  university  received  a  record  total  of  $380,059,931 

to  fund  people,  programs,  and  projects  throughout  Duke.  Gifts  provided 

More  than  $80  million  to  student  scholarships 

Over  $26  million  in  operating  support  through  the  Duke  Annual  Fund 

Almost  $120  million  for  Duke  Medicine 

More  than  $25  million  for  athletic  scholarships,  programs,  and  facilities 

Nearly  $4  million  for  the  University  Libraries 

On  behalf  of  the  thousands  of  graduate  and  undergraduate  students,  faculty  and  staff 
members,  medical  practitioners  and  patients  who  benefit  from  these  gifts, 

we  thank  you  for  investing  in  Duke. 


Magazine 


NOVEMBER-DECEMBER  2007 


MEDICAL  ARTIFACTS 
JAZZ  GENIUS  TRIBUTE 
FROSH  SAY  CHEESE 


f 


/*ki\ 


What's  to  a  Gap, 

Exploring-tHe  meaning  and  potentBLpf 


Bill  Bi 


Vol.  93,  No.  6 

EDITOR: 

Robert  J.Bliwise  A.M.  '88 

MANAGING  EDITOR: 

Zoe  Ingalls 

SENIOR  WRITER: 

Bridget  Booher  '82,  A.M.  '92 

CLAY  FELKER 

MAGAZINE  FELLOW: 

Jacob  Dagger  '03 

SENIOR  EDITORIAL 

ASSISTANT: 

Kate  Bailey 

PUBLISHER:  Sterly  L.  Wilder  'S3 

and  Peter  Vaughn 

STUDENT  INTERNS: 

Katie  Byers-Dent  M.Div.  TO 

Tina  Mao  Tl 

Kelly  Schmader 

Sarah  Takvorian  TO 

DESIGN  CONSULTANT 

M.ixinc  Mills  Graphic  Design 

PRINTER:  Progress  Printing 

OFFICERS,  DUKE  ALUMNI 

ASSOCIATION: 

Thomas  C.  Clark  '69,  president; 

Ann  Pelham  74,  president-elect; 

Sterly  L.  Wilder  'S3,  secretary- 


PRESIDENTS,  SCHOOL 
AND  COLLEGE  ALUMNI 
ASSOCIATIONS: 
Sheila  Rayburn  Cumbest  M.R.E.  '90, 
Dunlin  Sdtiud;  Prayson  W  Pate 
B.S.E.  '84,  Pratt  Sch « if .  -(  Ensma-rmi;: 
Amy  Schick  Kenney  '96,  M.E.M.  '98, 
Xichnlas  School  ■  >{  ihc  Eimronmenr 
and  Earth  Sciences;  lon.ithan  Wiuser 
M.B.A.  '94,  Fit<j.W  School  oj  Business; 
J.  Brett  Bennett  M.H.A.  '86, 
Department  "/  I  lealih  'Ummisir.iti,  >n: 
Tom  Winland  J.D.  74,  School  o/  Laic; 
Roslyn  Bernstein  Mannon  M.D.  'S5, 
Sc/iiin!  ofiMcdicniL';  Carole  A.  Klove 
B.S.N.  '80,  School  of  Nursing;  Holly 
Eggert  Duchene  D.P.T.  '03,  Graduate 
Program  in  Physical  Therapy 

EDITORIAL  ADVISORY  BOARD: 
Clay  Felker  '51,  choir;  Peter 
Applebome  71,  vice  chair;  Sarah 
H.irJcsrv  Bray  72;  Jennifer  Farmer 
'96;  Jerrold  K.  Foorlick;  Robbyn 
F.Hitlick  '85;  Edward  M.  Gomez  79; 
Devin  Gordon '98;  Kerry  E. 
Hannun  'c.2;  lohn  Harwood  78; 
Dave  Karger  '95;  Nora  Krug  '92; 
Stephen  Labaton  A.M./J.D.  '86; 
Hugo  Lindgren  '90;  Sara  Lipka  '01; 
Julia  Livshin  '96;  Valerie  A.  May 
77;  Susannah  Meadows  '95; 
Michael  Milstein '88;  N.Page 
Murray  IH'85;  Will  Pearson '01; 
Lauren  Porcaro  '96;  Shaun  Raviv  '01 ; 
Richard  Reeves;  Jim  Rosenfield  '81; 
Susan  Tiffr  73;  Greg  Veis  '03;  Jane 
Vessels  77;  David  Walrers  '04; 
James  O.  Wilson  74;  Shelby 
Oppel  Wood  '95;  Robert  J.  Bliwise 

SUBSCRIPTIONS: 
$20  per  year  ($30  foreign) 
Duke  Magazine,  Box  90572, 
Durham,  N.C.  27708 
PHONE:  (919)  684-51 14 
FAX:  (919)  681-1659 
E-MAIL:  dukemag@duke.edu 
ADDRESS  CHANGES: 
Alumni  Records,  Box  90581, 
Durham,  N.C.  27708  or  e-mail 
bluedevil@duke.edu 
©  2007  Duke  University 
Published  biiii'Tilhlv  by  the 
Office  of  Alumni  Affairs 


DUKE 


Magazine 


NOVEMBER-DECEMBER  2007 


www,  dukemagazine.duke.edu 


The  New  Game  Theory  by  Jacob  Dagger 

Long  considered  a  vehicle  for  mindless  escapism,  video  gaming  is  increasingly  becoming 

the  topic  of  serious  scholarship 

Charting  the  Mysteries  of  Health  and  Disease  by  Bridget  Booher 

The  History  of  Medicine  Collections — a  stunning  assortment  of  rare  medical  texts 
and  manuscripts,  instruments,  artifacts,  and  artwork — offer  glimpses  into  how 
our  knowledge  about  the  human  condition  has  evolved 


Hummable  Genius  by  Steve  Dollar 

Mjjp'J 

38 

A  six-week  series  explored  the  music  of  jazz  pianist  Thelonious 

p^fe^BB 

Monk,  who  helped  shape  a  radical  new  way  of  thinking 

•       ^^  B^F^ 

about  jazz,  yet  remained  obscure  throughout  much  of  his  lifetime 

1 ■■^gSv^i 

Departments 

J|L 

Quad  Quotes 

2 

Weight  loss  and  reality  TV,  animal  rights  and  Michael  Vick, 

53s"   v     1 

blogging  and  academic  merit 

p^^ 

Forum 

Climate-change  alarms,  teacher-education  weaknesses,  lacrosse-case  consequences 

Gazette 

A  pioneering  choice  for  the  medical  school,  a  new  boost  for  biking,  a  center  for 
criminal  justice;  Sports:  big  hopes  for  freshman  hoopsters;  Campus  Observer:  getting 
the  picture — of  1,700  students;  Q&A:  protesting  presidential  secrecy 

Books 

Workplace  pressures  and  women's  choices;  environmental  interests  and  eating  imperatives 

Alumni  Register 

Recognizing  remarkable  service,  reviving  a  tradition  of  competition;  Career  Corner: 

the  resume  as  marketing  tool;  Retrospective:  mistaken  architectural  identities;  mini-profil 

a  mother's  gift,  a  tale  of  tolerance,  an  online  innovator 

Under  the  Gargoyle 

Bloom  and  gloom 


72 


Between  the  Lines 


or  well  over  twenty  years,  Duke  Magazine  has  taken  on  tough 
issues — lately,  the  lacrosse  incident.  In  its  Forum  pages,  the  mag- 
azine has  represented  a  range  of  opinions,  including  opinions 
that  are  harshly  critical  of  administration  actions. 
Every  publication  wrestles  with  allocating  limited  space.  The  la- 
crosse incident  sparked  an  unprecedented  level  of  communication  to 
university  officials,  some  of  it  directed  to  the  magazine.  As  a  result,  we 
made  some  unprecedented  decisions  about  our  handling  of  letters. 

In  the  spring  of  2006,  we  received  two  thoughtful  letters  from  par- 
ents of  Duke  lacrosse  players.  Both  letters  greatly  exceeded  the  maxi- 
mum length  for  the  Forum  section.  We  worked  with  the  writers  to  trim 
the  letters  for  print,  but  also  took  the  exceptional  step  of  publishing  the 
letters  in  their  entirety  on  the  Web. 

Then,  for  the  September-October  2007  Forum,  which  included 
responses  to  our  second  major  lacrosse  story,  we  made  the  decision  to 
post  some  letters  online  exclusively.  We  have  received  questions  about 
the  lag  time  between  receipt  of  the  letters  and  their  publication,  as  well 
as  the  choice  of  letters  offered  online  and  not  in  print — specifically,  a 
letter  from  Jay  Bilas '86,  J.D. '91 . 

As  a  bimonthly  publication,  Duke  Magazine  has  a  long  production  cycle. 
Editing  and  typesetting  begin  months  in  advance  of  printing.  It's  un- 
avoidable that  responses  to  one  issue  won't  appear  for  a  couple  of  issues. 
Editorial  judgments  are  behind  every  element  of  the  publication,  large 
and  small.  In  this  case,  there's  cause  to  second-guess  the  decision  to  ex- 
clude the  Bilas  letter  from  the  printed  Forum.  Bilas  has  had  a  relation- 
ship with  the  magazine  since  his  student  days  (as  a  star  player,  he  kept  a 
basketball  journal  for  the  magazine),  he  was  a  key  voice  in  the  magazine's 
first  lacrosse  feature,  and  he  was  a  panelist  in  a  magazine-sponsored  pro- 
gram that  scrutinized  the  media's  performance  in  the  lacrosse  case.  He 
is  recognizable  to,  and  respected  by,  a  wide  swath  of  the  alumni  body. 
On  the  other  hand,  the  letter  can  be  seen  as  engaging  only  minimally 
with  the  magazine's  lacrosse  coverage  and  as  repeating  a  string  of  com- 
plaints against  Duke's  leadership  that,  issue  after  issue,  have  been  aired 
in  the  magazine  (and  elsewhere).  Not  surprisingly,  the  letter — available 
at  www.dukemagazine.duke.edu~ has  received  plenty  of  attention. 

The  flap  over  the  Bilas  letter  has  inspired  a  rethinking  of  our  proce- 
dure for  publishing  letters.  We  will  continue  to  include  in  the  maga- 
zine's print  version  letters  that  represent  a  cross-section  of  opinions 
received.  The  letters  most  likely  to  appear  in  print  will  meet  the  basic 
test  of  referring  to  magazine  content  or  offering  a  genuinely  fresh  per- 
spective on  an  issue  of  interest  to  a  Duke  readership.  But,  beginning 
with  the  January-February  issue,  we  will  also  regularly  post  online  addi- 
tional letters  that  supplement  the  printed  content. 

Duke  Magazine's  editorial  independence  is  a  sign  of  institutional  self- 
confidence,  and  a  recognition  that  credibility  is  vital  in  building  bonds 
of  trust  between  the  campus  and  its  constituencies.  The  lacrosse  inci- 
dent has  been  challenging  for  us  as  we've  worked  to  give  context  to  a 
story  that  has  cried  out  for  context.  We  undoubtedly  have  made  mis- 
takes of  commission  and  (as  perhaps  with  Bilas)  omission.  But  we 
think  we've  gotten  it  right  overall,  taking  seriously  not  just  our  institu- 
tional knowledge  but  our  journalistic  responsibility  as  well. 

— Robert].  Bliwise,  editor 


QUAD  QUOTES 


"With  the  virtues  of  an  open 
web  all  around  us,  we  have 
proceeded  to  build  an  end- 
less set  of  walled  gardens, 
something  that  looks  a  lot 
like  Compuserv  or  Minitel 
and  very  little  like  a  world 
wide  web  for  science." 

—James  Boyle,  William  Neal 
Reynolds  professor  of  law, 
on  most  online  scientific 
journals  charging  fees  for 
access,  even  to  the  results 
of  publicly  funded  studies, 
in  the  Financial  Times 

"Do  I  believe  that  someone 
could  potentially  alter  or 
interact  with  their  dreams 
in  such  a  way  that  they 
could  change  the  dream? 
Yes.  Do  I  think  that  you 
could  essentially  design  a 
dream — 'Oh,  I  want  to  go 
to  Honolulu  and  have  this 
big  hunk  hit  on  me'?  It's  a 
bit  of  a  stretch.  But  I  can't 
say  it  can't  happen." 

—Rodney  Radtke,  director  of 

clinical  neurophysiology  at 

Duke  Medical  Center,  on  "lucid 

dreaming,"  where  a  person 

realizes  he  is  dreaming  and 

may  be  able  to  direct  the 

action,  in  The  New  York  Times 

"Rather  than  dismiss  this 
kind  of  writing  as  lacking  in 
academic  merit,  I've  started 
thinking  about  how  schools 
can  embrace,  in  academic 
ways,  the  emerging  forms  of 
writing  that  students  have  al- 
ready claimed  as  their  own." 

—Bradley  A.  Hammer,  adjunct 
assistant  professor  of  the  prac- 
tice of  education,  on  having 
students  maintain  blogs  and 
websites  for  his  University 
Writing  Program  courses,  in 
Newark's  Star-Ledger 

"I  was  particularly  impressed 
by  the  fact  that  Duke  is 
already  doing  the  kinds  of 
things  that  other  major 
medical  schools  are  talking 


about  doing — for  example, 
promoting  interdisciplinary 
collaborations,  strengthen- 
ing clinical  research,  con- 
necting science  and  policy, 
linking  basic  and  clinical 
sciences." 

—Nancy  Andrews,  the  newly 
appointed  dean  of  the  medical 
school,  in  The  Harvard  Crimson 

(Andrews  previously  served 
as  an  administrator  and  re- 
searcher at  Harvard  University) 

"They  descended  like  the 
flying  monkeys  out  of  The 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Wizard  ofOz,  took  every- 
thing up  to  the  dorm,  and 
all  of  a  sudden,  I'm  sitting 
here  by  myself." 

-Ben  Brigeman,  the  father 

of  a  Duke  freshman,  on  the 

assistance  provided  by 

First-Year  Advisory  Council 

members  on  move-in  day 

in  August,  in  Durham's 

Herald-Sun 

"Poetry  can  help  you  out  of 

many  difficulties." 

-Writer  Maya  Angelou,  in  her 

annual  speech  to  the  freshman 

class  during  move-in  week 


"Cruelty  also  occurs  in 
rodeos,  horse  and  dog  rac- 
ing (all  of  which  mistreat 
animals  and  often  kill  them 
when  no  longer  useful). 
There  are  also  millions  of 
dogs  and  cats  we  put  to 
death  in  'shelters'  across  the 
country  because  they  lack  a 
home,  and  billions  of  crea- 
tures we  torture  in  factory 
farms  for  our  food." 


and  animal-welfare  advocate, 

responding  to  the  Michael  Vick 

dog-fighting  case,  in  The 

Atlanta  Journal-Constitution 

"The  level  of  discourse 
reached  such  a  nadir  by 
August  that  we  could  not 
allow  the  boards  to  contin- 
ue without  careful  screen- 
ing of  all  comments  on  a 
regular  basis." 

—Junior  David  Graham, 

editor  of  77ie  Chronicle,  in  an 

editor's  note  explaining  the 

decision  to  temporarily 

remove  message  boards  from 


the  newspaper's  website  as 

a  result  of  "racist,  repulsive, 

and  unbecoming"  comments 

posted,  especially  on  the 

lacrosse  threads 

"Healthy,  balanced,  sensi- 
ble and  medically  responsi- 
ble does  not  sell  entertain- 
ment television." 

—Martin  Binks,  director  of 

behavioral  health  at  the  Diet 

and  Fitness  Center,  on  the 

problem  with  weight-loss- 

themed  reality-television 

shows  like  The  Biggest  Loser 

and  Shaq's  Big  Challenge,  in 

the  Orlando  Sentinel 


November- December  2007 


Forum 


Please  limit  l( 

to  300  words  and 

include  your  full 

name,  address,  and 

class  year  or 

Duke  affiliation. 

We  reserve  the 

right  to  edit  for 

length  and  clarity. 


Heeding  the  Warnings 

Climate  change,  our  role  in 
its  process,  and  our  ability 
to  moderate  its  effects,  is 
simultaneously  the  scariest 
and  most  exciting  phenom- 
enon that  we  face  today 
["Hot  on  the  Trail  of  CO:," 
July-August]. 

The  scientists  and  politi- 
cians who  understand  the 
magnitude  of  the  threat  and 
the  urgency  with  which  we 
must  address  the  problem 
are  like  the  Indonesian  vil- 
lage elders  who  reacted 
with  alarm  to  the  rapidly 
receding  waters  [caused  by 
an  approaching  tsunami]. 
While  younger  folks  ignored 
the  event  or,  worse,  frol- 
icked in  the  newly  exposed 
tidal  bays  to  collect  strand- 
ed fish,  the  wise  elders 
sounded  the  alarm  and 
urged  all  to  drop  everything 
and  head  for  higher  ground. 
Those  who  stayed  were 
overwhelmed  by  a  force 
beyond  imagination.  Those 
who  heeded  the  elders' 
warnings  lived  and  were 
able  to  rebuild  after  the 
tsunami  receded. 

The  climate-change 
alarm  has  been  sounded. 
[Former]  California  Assem- 
bly member  Fran  Pavley, 
Governor  [Arnold]  Schwar- 
zenegger, and  a  growing 
number  of  politicians  have 
heard  and  heeded  the 
alarm.  Rather  than  listen- 
ing to  those  who  doubt  the 
science  or  point  to  China 
and  India  and  say,  "Why 
me?"  these  prescient  and 
brave  politicians  are  doing 
what  they  were  elected  to 
do.  Faced  with  evidence  of 
increasing  temperatures, 


shifting  climates,  rising  sea 
levels,  and  vanishing  species, 
they  are  acting. . . .  Any  cli- 
mate-change policies  that 
fail  to  produce  dramatic 
reductions  in  carbon-pro- 
ducing activities  are  made 
with  a  reckless  disregard  for 
the  health  and  well-being 
of  future  generations. 

So  why  is  this  grim  state 
of  affairs  exciting?  Danger 
heightens  the  senses,  focus- 
es the  mind,  and  brings  us 
to  a  precipice.  We  will  either 
soar  into  a  bright  low-car- 
bon future  or  stumble  into 
the  chasm  of  short-sighted 
selfishness. 

Out  of  a  sense  of  obliga- 
tion to  future  generations,  a 
desire  to  make  a  difference, 
and  a  drive  to  turn  a  profit, 
business  leaders  and  air- 
quality  entrepreneurs  are 
competing  with  each  other 
to  offer  solutions  that  change 
the  way  we  produce  and 
generate  energy,  build,  move 
goods,  and  live  our  lives. 

]oshMargolis  '81 
San  Francisco,  California 

Disproportionate 
Punishment 

I  believe  Bernard  Kostelnik's 
letter  [July-August  2007] 
regarding  the  lacrosse  players 
embodies  a  lack  of  propor- 
tion. Death  threats,  $500,000 


legal  fees,  interrupted 
schooling,  and  a  potential 
forty-year  jail  sentence 
hanging  over  a  young  per- 
son's head  for  a  year  are  not 
appropriate  retribution  for 
staging  a  keg  party  and  strip 
show.  I'm  certainly  no  fan 
of  so-called  "exotic"  danc- 
ing, but  what  those  three 
lacrosse  players  suffered  is 
totally  off-scale  compared 
to  anything  they  actually 
did.  No  one  in  the  Duke 
community  applauds  the 
behavior  which  led  up  to 
the  incident,  but  the  reper- 
cussions were  grossly  dis- 
proportionate to  the  actual 
offense. 

Had  the  false  rape  accu- 
sation never  occurred,  one 
appropriate  response  to  the 
stripper  party  would  have 
been  for  the  dean  of  stu- 
dents and/or  the  lacrosse 
coach  to  meet  with  the  en- 
tire team  and  discuss  what 
constitutes  responsible  and 
respectful  behavior  by  stu- 
dents, particularly  high- 
profile  athletes,  within  the 
general  Durham  communi- 
ty. In  order  for  meaningful 
learning  to  occur,  the 
offense  and  the  response 
have  to  have  some  reason- 
able relationship. 

Katherine  C.  N orris 

B.S.M.E. '66 

Milton,  Vermont 


No  Incentives  for 
Educational  Innovation 

Educators  at  Duke  and 
Berkeley  are  sponsoring  an 
open  competition  to  spur 
innovators  to  "pioneer  new 
models  of  learning  that 
build  upon  and  enhance 
the  informal  learning  styles 
of  youth  today,"  says  Cathy 
Davidson,  a  professor  of 
English  and  interdiscipli- 
nary studies  ["Learning  in 
the  Information  Age," 
Under  the  Gargoyle,  July- 
August]. 

"We  will  be  looking  for 
teachers  who  develop  the 
creative,  associational,  and 
collaborative  cognitive 
strategies  that  kids  engage 
in  when  they  play  games 
online. ...  I  hope  that  this 
MacArthur  [Foundation] 
initiative  will  spawn  a 
national  movement  of  con- 
cerned citizens  who  de- 
mand a  better  educational 
system  for  our  country." 

Noble  objective.  Two 
insurmountable  challenges, 
if  unaddressed: 

1 )  Schools  are  America's 
great  socialist  project.  We 
permit  no  free-market 
dynamics  in  K-12  school- 
ing. Schools  are  protected 
monopolies,  centrally 
planned,  centrally  con- 
trolled. Rigidity  and  inertia 


PUKE  MAGAZINE 


are  built  into  the  funding 
model. 

2 )  Those  in  charge  have 
characteristics  not  associat- 
ed with  innovation.  Ap- 
plicants for  graduate  study 
in  education  administra- 
tion—  tested  between  July 
1,2001,  and  June  30,  2004 
—  had  a  combined  mean 
total  Graduate  Record 
Examination  (GRE)  score 
of  950  (Verbal,  427;  Math, 
523).  That  is  sixth  from  the 
bottom  of  fifty-one  fields  of 
graduate  study  tabulated  by 
the  Educational  Testing 
Service. 

The  mean  total  GRE 
score  across  all  fields  was 
1066.  Which  applicants 


had  still  lower  total  GRE 
scores  than  applicants  in 
education  administration? 
Social  work,  896;  early 
childhood  education,  913; 
student  counseling,  928; 
home  economics,  933; 
special  education,  934  — 
education  fields  all.  Other 
fields  with  mean  GRE 
scores  on  the  far  left  side 
of  the  GRE  bell  curve? 
Public  administration 
("practices  and  roles  of  pub- 
lic bureaucracies"),  965; 
other  education,  968;  ele- 
mentary education,  970; 
education  evaluation  and 
research,  985;  other  social 
science,  993. 
Note  the  pattern:  80-plus 


percent  on  the  far-left  side 
of  the  GRE  bell  curve  are 
headed  for — or,  more  likely, 
already  employed  by — 
public  education  systems. 
Not  a  fertile  landscape  for 
innovation. 

TomShuford,  B.S.M.E.  '68 

Lenoir,  North  Caroliiia 

Correction  In  "Revisiting 

the  Holocaust  Narrative" 
[May -June  2007],  David 
Duke  was  misidentified. 
He  is  a  former  member  of 
the  Louisiana  House  of 
Representatives  and  Grand 
Wizard  of  the  Knights  of 
theKuKluxKlan. 


Experience  all  the  pleasures  of  our  gracious  Inn.  Shady  pine-scented 

fairways. ..a  sparkling  pool. ..elegant  guest  rooms  and  four-diamond 

dining.  A  warm  welcome's  waiting  for  our  friends  from  Duke. 

Luxurious  rooms  &  suites  •  Restaurants  &  golf-view  dining  terrace 
Pool,  sundeck  &  fitness  center  •  Top-ranked  golf '•  Executive  Conference  Center 

Washington  Duke 
Inn  &  Golf  Club 


Want  to  be  a  doctor? 
Make  it  a  reality. 


KjfcSLJ 


POST-BACCALAUREATE 
PREMEDICAL  PROGRAM 


The  Post-Baccalaureate  Premedical 
Program  at  Goucher  College  is  a  one- 
year  curriculum  of  courses  required 
for  medical  school  admission. 


3001   CAMERON  BOULEVARD,  DURHAM,  NC  27705 
800.443.3853     919.490.0999     WASHINGTONDUKEINN.COM 


•  100%  medical  school 
acceptance  rate 

■  Classes  separate  from 
undergraduates 

■  Comprehensive  advising 
and  support 

■  Linkage  agreements  with 
eight  medical  schools 

•  Duke  graduates  have 
successfully  completed 
our  program 

For  more  information, 
call1-800-4U-3437or 

visit  goucher.edu/postbac 


GOUCHER   COLLEGE 


November -Dec 


Full  Frame 


iir:  In  the  waning  days  of  fall,  students  take  advantage  of  temperate  weather 
visit  outside  on  the  Br 


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Gazette 


ACROSS   THE   CAMPUS 


Founders'  Day 


Duke  recognized  the  contributions  of 
students,  faculty  members,  adminis- 
trators, and  alumni  at  its  106th  an- 
nual Founders'  Day  Convocation, 
held  in  Duke  Chapel  in  September. 

The  convocation  address  was  delivered 
by  Clarence  G.  Newsome  72,  M.Div  '75, 
Ph.D.  '82,  a  member  of  Duke's  board  of  trus- 
tees and  president  of  Shaw  University  in 
Raleigh.  John  A.  Koskinen  '61  and  John  J. 
Piva  Jr.,  the  longtime  head  of  the  universi- 
ty's development  and  alumni  efforts,  were 
awarded  the  University  Medal  for  Distin- 
guished Meritorious  Service,  one  of  Duke's 
highest  honors. 

Koskinen  spent  twenty-one  years  at  the 
Palmieri  Company,  which  specializes  in  re- 
structuring large  companies  facing  severe 
management  challenges,  and  served  as  dep- 
uty director  for  management  in  the  Office 
of  Management  and  Budget  under  the  Clin- 
ton administration.  As  the  nation's  "Y2K 


czar,"  Koskinen  spearheaded  efforts  to  pro 
tect  computer  systems  from  the  so-callec 
"millennium  bug."  He  also  served  three  years 
as  deputy  mayor  and  city  administrator  of 
the  District  of  Columbia. 

He  became  a  Duke  trustee  in  1985,  was 
elected  board  chair  in  1994,  and  over  the 
years  served  the  university  in  many  other 
capacities.  In  1997,  he  received  the  Distin- 
guished Service  Award  in  Trusteeship  from 
the  Association  of  Governing  Boards  as  the 
nation's  top  trustee.  Koskinen  and  his  wife, 
Patricia,  established  the  Koskinen  Scholar- 
ship Endowment  Fund  to  support  female 
student-athletes  at  Duke,  and  the  refurbished 
soccer  facility  was  later  named  Koskinen 
Stadium. 

Piva  came  to  Duke  in  January  1983  from  the 
University  of  Chicago  as  vice  president  for 
alumni  affairs  and  development;  he  was  later 
promoted  to  senior  vice  president.  In  that 
role,  he  helped  organize  a  tundraising  cam- 
paign for  the  arts  and  sciences  and  engineering 
that  netted  $565  million,  surpassing  its  $400 


million  goal.  A  second,  more  comprehensive 
Campaign  for  Duke  got  under  way  in  the  mid- 
1990s.  The  campaign's  goal  was  $1.5  billion, 
but  it  ultimately  raised  $2.36  billion.  At  the 
time,  it  was  one  of  the  five  largest  fundrais- 
ing  efforts  in  the  history  of  higher  educa- 
tion. Piva  retired  from  Duke  in  2004. 

Founders'  Day  also  saw  the  bestowing  of 
several  other  high  honors.  Peter  M.  and  Ginny 
L.  Nicholas,  both  1964  graduates  of  the  uni- 
versity, received  the  Distinguished  Alumni 
Award,  the  highest  award  given  by  the  Duke 
Alumni  Association.  Numerous  faculty  mem- 
bers were  presented  awards  recognizing  their 
accomplishments  in  teaching,  mentoring, 
and  research. 

Those  honored  also  included  Angier  B. 
Duke  Scholars,  Benjamin  N.  Duke  Scholars, 
James  B.  Duke  Graduate  Fellows,  Reginald 
Howard  Scholars,  University  Scholars,  Rob- 
ertson Scholars,  Faculty  Scholars,  The  Duke 
Endowment  Fellows,  Baldwin  Scholars,  and 
many  other  undergraduate  and  graduate 
scholars. 


Enduring  legacy:  Founders'  Day  < 

included  convocation  and  the  presentation  of 

university  medals  to  Piva  and  Koskinen,  top 


UKE  MAGAZINE 


Brodhead  Apologizes 

During  a  legal  conference  held  at  Duke 
in  late  September,  President  Rich- 
ard H.  Brodhead  responded  to  critics 
who  have  continued  to  question  his 
handling  of  the  Duke  lacrosse  incident. 

The  case  highlighted  "crucial  problems  of 
our  culture — problems  of  achieving  justice 
in  a  media-saturated  society,  problems  of 
fundamental  fairness  to  individuals,  and 
problems  in  the  way  the  American  public  is 
informed  and  misinformed  about  the  world 
we  live  in,"  Brodhead  said  in  his  first  public 
comment  about  the  case  since  the  disbar- 
ment and  resignation  of  former  Durham 
District  Attorney  Michael  B.  Nifong. 

"As  president,  I  had  responsibility  for  the 
statements  the  university  made  and  the 
actions  the  university  took  in  a  virtually  un- 
precedented situation,  and  I  take  responsi- 
bility for  them  now. 

"When  a  case  like  this  is  over,  it's  tempt- 
ing to  think  that  the  facts  so  clearly  estab- 
lished at  the  end  of  the  day  must  have  been 
equally  clear  throughout  the  process.  This 
was  not  the  case,"  he  continued.  Given  un- 
certainty and  "the  tides  of  passionate  pre- 
judgment the  DA's  comments  and  media 
accounts  touched  off,"  Brodhead  said  he 
"staked  out  a  position  on  behalf  of  the  uni- 
versity that  contained  three  principles.  First, 
the  type  of  crime  that  had  been  alleged  had 
no  place  in  our  community.  Second,  the 
presumption  of  innocence  is  fundamental 
to  our  legal  system,  and  our  students  were 
entitled  to  that  presumption.  And  third, 
this  whole  matter  had  to  be  entrusted  to  the 
criminal  justice  system  for  its  resolution." 

With  the  innocence  of  the  players  now 
firmly  established  and  the  district  attorney 
discredited,  Brodhead  said  his  own  biggest 
regret  was  "our  failure  to  reach  out  to  the  la- 
crosse players  and  their  families  in  this  time 
of  extraordinary  peril.  Given  the  complexi- 
ties of  the  case,  getting  this  communication 
right  would  never  have  been  easy.  But  the 
fact  is  that  we  did  not  get  it  right,  causing 
the  families  to  feel  abandoned  when  they 
most  needed  support.  This  was  a  mistake.  I 
take  responsibility  for  it,  and  I  apologize." 

In  the  wake  of  the  lacrosse  incident,  a 


group  of  eighty-eight  faculty  members  pub- 
lished an  ad  in  The  Chronicle  arguing  that 
racist  incidents  and  sexual  assault  are  ele- 
ments of  the  campus  culture.  The  "Group  of 
88"  has  since  been  criticized  for  having  pre- 
sumed the  lacrosse  players  guilty  of  the  crimes 
alleged.  In  his  speech,  Brodhead  said  "we 
could  have  done  more  to  underscore"  that 
members  of  the  Duke  community  who  were 
"quick  to  speak  as  if  the  charges  were  true" 
were  not  speaking  for  the  university  as  a 
whole. 

Brodhead's  talk  was  part  of  a  conference 
on  the  practice  and  ethics  of  trying  cases  in 
the  media  held  at  Duke  Law  School  on  Foun- 
ders' Day  weekend.  Also  among  the  audience 
were  members  of  Duke's  board  of  trustees. 

The  lacrosse  case  "has  taught  me  a  hard 
lesson  about  the  criminal  justice  system  and 


what  it  means  to  rely  on  it,"  Brodhead  said. 
"Given  the  media  circus  and  the  public  re- 
actions it  fed,  I  thought  it  essential  to  insist 
that  the  matter  be  resolved  within  the  legal 
system,  not  in  the  court  of  public  opinion. 
As  far  as  it  went,  this  was  right.  But  what 
this  case  reminds  us  is  that  our  justice  sys- 
tem— the  best  in  the  world — is  only  as  good 
as  the  men  and  women  who  administer  it." 
In  retrospect,  Brodhead  said,  "Duke  needed 
to  be  clear  that  it  demanded  fair  treatment 
for  its  students.  I  took  that  for  granted.  If  any 
doubted  it,  then  I  should  have  been  more 
explicit,  especially  as  evidence  mounted  that 
the  prosecutor  was  not  acting  in  accordance 
with  the  standards  of  his  profession." 

www.law.duke.edu/ 
conference/2007/publicopinion 


November  -  December  2007 


Uazette 


ACROSS   THE   CAMPUS 


Regarding  Innocence 

Reacting,  in  part,  to  problems  in  the 
North  Carolina  legal  system  raised 
by  the  Duke  lacrosse  case,  Duke 
Law  School  will  establish  a  center 
devoted  to  promoting  justice  in  the  crimi- 
nal justice  system  and  to  training  lawyers  to 
fight  against  wrongful  convictions.  Duke 
will  contribute  $1.25  million  to  the  project 
over  five  years. 

The  center  will  incorporate  and  expand 
the  school's  existing  Wrongful  Convictions 
Clinic  and  Innocence  Project,  two  programs 
that  investigate  credible  claims  of  inno- 
cence made  by  convicted  felons  in  North 
Carolina  and  work  to  raise  public  awareness 
of  systemic  problems  in  the  criminal  justice 
system  that  lead  to  wrongful  convictions. 

"The  lacrosse  case  attracted  a  lot  of  pub- 
licity but  is  not  the  only  case  in  which  inno- 
cent people  have  suffered  harm  through  the 
state's  legal  system,"  says  law  professor  James 
Coleman,  who  led  a  university  committee 
that  examined  the  lacrosse  team's  behavior 
apart  from  the  case  and  later  was  prominent 
in  criticizing  the  actions  of  former  Durham 
District  Attorney  Michael  B.  Nifong. 

Coleman  and  associate  dean  Theresa  New- 
man J. D.  '88,  who  teach  the  Wrongful  Con- 
victions Clinic  and  have  served  as  faculty  ad- 
visers to  the  student-led  Innocence  Project, 
are  expected  to  play  key  roles  in  the  devel- 
opment of  the  new  center.  Both  are  leaders  in 
law  reform  efforts  surrounding  the  issue  and 
serve  on  the  North  Carolina  Chief  Justice's 
Criminal  Justice  Study  Commission. 

The  center  will  expand  on  existing  oppor- 
tunities for  students,  offering  an  undergrad- 
uate course  on  the  causes  and  remedies  for 
wrongful  convictions;  mini-couises  taught  by 
experts  in  areas  such  as  forensic  science,  eye- 
witness identifications,  and  false  confessions; 
and  summer  and  postgraduate  fellowships 
that  involve  assisting  the  clinic  and  under- 
taking scholarly  research. 

Students  investigating  prisoners'  claims  of 
wrongful  conviction  will  be  guided  by  law- 
school  experts  and  assisted  pro  bono  by  law- 
school  alumni  and  other  lawyers.  Faculty 
members,  fellows,  and  students  will  also  under- 
take initiatives  aimed  at  reforming  the  state's 


criminal  justice  system,  Coleman  says,  by 
providing  expert  testimony  in  support  of  leg- 
islative reforms,  drafting  model  legislation, 
and  filing  amicus  curiae  briefs. 

In  addition,  the  center  will  allow  professors 
and  students  to  interact  with  criminal-justice 
professionals  and  journalists  invited  to  cam- 
pus for  roundtables  and  seminars. 

New  Med  Dean 

Nancy  C.  Andrews,  an  international- 
ly renowned  researcher  and  dean  of 
Basic  Sciences  and  Graduate  Stu- 
dies at  Harvard  Medical  School, 
became  the  dean  of  Duke's  medical  school 
on  October  1.  Andrews,  a  pediatric  hema- 
tologist  and  oncologist  by  training,  is  the 
school's  first  female  dean  and  the  only 
woman  to  lead  one  of  the  nation's  top-ten 
medical  schools. 


At  Harvard,  Andrews  oversaw  research 
in  the  medical  school's  preclinical  sciences 
departments,  as  well  as  physician-scientist 
and  graduate  education.  She  was  previously 
the  director  of  the  Harvard-MIT  M.D./ 
Ph.D.  Program  and  also  served  as  an  associ- 
ate in  medicine  at  Children's  Hospital  in 
Boston  and  a  distinguished  physician  in 
pediatric  oncology  at  the  Dana-Farber  Can- 
cer Institute.  She  is  a  member  of  the  Insti- 
tute of  Medicine  of  the  National  Academy 


of  Sciences  and  was  elected  to  the  Amer- 
ican Academy  of  Arts  and  Sciences  earlier 
this  year. 

A  native  of  Syracuse,  New  York,  An- 
drews received  her  bachelor's  and  master's 
degrees  in  molecular  biophysics  and  bio- 
chemistry from  Yale  University.  She  re- 
ceived a  Ph.D.  in  biology  from  the  Massa- 
chusetts Institute  of  Technology  in  1985 
and,  two  years  later,  an  M.D.  from  Harvard 
Medical  School.  She  joined  the  Harvard 
faculty  in  1991  as  an  instructor  in  pediatrics 
and  rose  through  the  academic  ranks,  being 
named  to  an  endowed  chair  as  full  professor 
in  2003.  She  was  a  Howard  Hughes  Medical 
Institute  Investigator  from  1993  to  2006. 

At  Duke,  Andrews  succeeds  R.  Sanders 
Williams  M.D.  '74,  who  was  recently  pro- 
moted to  the  position  of  senior  vice  chan- 
cellor for  academic  affairs  after  having  served 
as  dean  of  the  medical  school  since  2001. 

"I  am  deeply  appreciative  and  humbled 
by  the  opportunity  to  lead  one  of  the  pre- 
mier medical  schools  in  the  United  States," 
Andrews  says.  "Duke  has  a  great  tradition, 
but  it's  also  a  very  forward-looking  and  out- 
ward-looking institution." 

Political  Controversy 

In  early  September,  Erwin  Chemerinsky, 
Alston  &  Bird  Professor  of  law  and  a  re- 
nowned constitutional  scholar,  believed 
he'd  be  heading  to  the  University  of 
^  California  at  Irvine  as  founding  dean  of  its 
I  new  law  school,  scheduled  to  open  in  2009. 
1      But  less  than  a  week  after  Chemerinsky 
I  signed  the  contract,  which  was  contingent  on 
|  the  approval  of  the  University  of  Califor- 
1  nia's  board  of  regents,  UCI  Chancellor  Mi- 
chael Drake  rescinded  the  offer.  He  said 
Chemerinsky,  who  has  a  reputation  for  be- 
ing liberal  and  frequently  writes  opinion 
pieces  on  issues  like  gay  rights  and  problems 
with  the  criminal  justice  system,  was  "too 
politically  controversial." 

The  news  of  the  rescinded  job  offer  spread 
fast.  Drake  was  widely  criticized  for  a  move 
that  many  saw  as  violating  the  principle  of 
academic  freedom. 

Criticism  came  from  across  the  political 
spectrum,  from  The  blew  York  Times'  edito- 


10 


PUKE  MAGAZINE 


'&. 


Calling  home:  Katrina 
survivor  Alison  Aucoin,  now  a 
North  Carolina  resident 


UPDATE 


'Hard  Work  in  the  Big  Easy,"  Duke  Magazine,  May-June  2006 


urricane  Katrina  swept 
across  the  Gulf  Coast  on 
August  29, 2005,  over- 
whelming levees,  flooding 
homes  and  businesses,  and  displacing 
hundreds  of  thousands  of  residents. 
The  following  spring,  Duke  Magazine 
reported  on  an  undergraduate  doc- 
umentary-studies class  that  traveled 
to  New  Orleans  over  spring  break  to 
assist  in  relief  and  rebuilding  efforts, 
and  at  the  same  time,  collect  the  sto- 
ries of  their  fellow  volunteers. 


But  having  witnessed  the  storm's 
devastation  and  its  lasting  effects, 
staff  members  and  visiting  artists  at 
the  Center  for  Documentary  Studies 
wanted  to  do  more.  In  the  wake  of 
the  hurricane,  says  Courtney  Reid- 
Eaton,  exhibitions  director  for  CDS,  "a 
gazillion  photographers  and  writers 
descended  on  the  Gulf  Coast.  We 
realized  that  wasn't  necessarily 
appropriate  for  us  to  do." 

Looking  around  the  Triangle,  they 
saw  that  many  displaced  Gulf  Coast 
residents  had  yet  to  return  home, 
if  in  fact  they  ever  planned  to.  The 
CDS  staff  members  realized  that  in 
fleeing  their  homes,  these  people 
had  left  behind  not  only  their  houses 
and  livelihoods,  but  also  family 
photographs,  records,  and  heirlooms. 

Cameras  and  microphones  in 
hand,  they  began  working  on  a  project 
aimed  at  helping  these  new  neighbors 
create  new  family  histories.  They 
visited  families  that  had  been  dis- 
placed by  the  hurricane,  taking  pho- 
tographs and  recording  their  answers 


to  questions  such  as,  What  is  home 
to  you  now?  What  did  you  bring 
with  you  from  your  past?  What  did 
you  have  to  let  go  of?  What  now  fills 
that  space? 

It  wasn't  always  easy,  Eaton  says. 
Many  of  the  families  they  reached 
out  to  simply  couldn't  make  the 
time  to  meet.  "Some  didn't  have 
transportation.  Some  were  out  look- 
ing for  jobs.  Some  were  still  negoti- 
ating whether  or  not  they  would 
be  able  to  go  back  to  New  Orleans. 
They  were  all  dealing  with  really 
gritty  issues." 

But  CDS  invited  those  who  had 
time  to  a  workshop  with  local  artist 
Bryant  Holsenbeck,  who  crafted  one- 
of-a-kind  covers  for  albums  that 
were  then  filled  with  photographs 
and  recollections  and  other  stories. 

The  five  albums  they  created  are 
on  display  at  CDS  through  January 
7  in  an  exhibition  called  "Re-collect- 
ing Family  Albums:  Finding  Home 
After  Katrina." 

— Jacob  Dagger 


STATE   OF   THE   ARTS 


Shakespeare  With  an 
Inner-city  Edge 

Calling  the  Classical  Theatre  of  Har- 
lem a  "giant-killer  of  a  company,"  a 
reviewer  for  The  New  York  Times 
praised  the  troupe's  proclivity  for 
"locating  the  most  challenging  works  in  the 
canon  and  knocking  them  off  as  if  with  a 
slingshot." 

For  two  weeks  in  November,  the  theater 
company  brought  its  ambitious  mission  to 
the  Duke  and  Durham  communities,  with 
master  classes  and  community  outreach 
programs  by  day,  and  edgy  stage  presenta- 
tions at  night.  The  two-week  residency  in- 
cluded a  gritty,  modern-day  interpretation 
of  Romeo  arid  Juliet,  set  in  Harlem,  and  a  re- 
vival of  Melvin  Van  Peebles'  Ain't  Supposed 
to  Die  A  Natural  Death,  a  scorching  social 
commentary  about  ghetto  life. 

John  Clum,  chair  of  the  theater  studies 
department,  says  that  the  Classical  Theatre 
of  Harlem's  residency  exemplified  the  kind 
of  multifaceted  value — intellectual,  social, 
and  artistic — that  the  performing  arts  can 
bring  to  campus.  The  Van  Peebles  play,  for 
example,  includes  racially  and  politically 
charged  musical  monologues  that  are  as  cul- 
turally relevant  today  as  they  were  when 
the  musical  debuted  in  the  early  1970s.  In 
addition  to  working  with  Duke  students, 


rial  board  to  conservative  activist  David 
Horowitz.  UCI  faculty  members  and  alumni 
circulated  a  petition  urging  Drake  to  reverse 
his  decision.  Chemerinsky  himself  wrote  an 
opinion  piece  in  the  Los  Angeles  Times,  saying 
"The  whole  point  of  academic  freedom  is 
that  professors — and  yes,  even  deans — should 
be  able  to  speak  out  on  important  issues." 

Some  questioned  whether  Drake  had  been 
pressured  to  rescind  the  offer.  They  pointed 
out  that  the  school  is  to  be  named  for  Donald 
Bren,  a  conservative  real-estate  developer. 

After  facing  days  of  criticism,  Drake,  who 
said  he  had  pulled  the  job  offer  of  his  own 
accord,  recanted,  offering  Chemerinsky  the 
job  a  second  time.  Chemerinsky  accepted. 
In  a  joint  statement,  the  two  said  they  were 
committed  to  creating  a  school  "founded  on 
the  bedrock  principle  of  academic  freedom." 


November  - 1  Yeember  2007 


STATE   OF   THE   ARTS 


STUDENT  SNAPSHOT 


Rob  Baird,  creating  dramatic  impressions 


As  one  of  eight  siblings, 
senior  Rob  Baird  knows 
how  to  make  his  (bari- 
tone) voice  heard.  A  native 
of  Marion,  Ohio,  Baird  carved  out  a 
niche  for  himself  as  a  singer  and 
actor  in  high-school  musicals,  star- 
ring in  Guys  and  Dolls,  Seven  Brides 
for  Seven  Brothers,  and  Bye  Bye  Birdie, 
for  which  he  was  chosen  to  play 
the  lead. 

"Conrad  Birdie  was  my  favorite 
role,"  says  Baird.  "It  was  like  being 
Elvis  or  a  rock  star.  You  get  to  sing 
and  make  all  the  girls  swoon." 

Despite  his  swoon-inducing  star 
turns  on  the  Marion  Harding  High 
School  stage,  Baird  didn't  pursue 
acting,  or  any  extracurricular  pursuit, 
his  freshman  year  at  Duke,  concen- 
trating instead  on  his  studies.  But 
in  the  winter  of  his  sophomore  year, 
a  friend  familiar  with  Baird's  theatri- 


"When  I  started  acting  again," 
says  Baird,  "it  really  felt  as  though 
I'd  found  a  home  in  the  theater 
community."He  signed  up  for  addi- 
tional courses  in  advanced  acting, 
eventually  declaring  a  double  major 
in  theater  studies  and  public  policy 
studies. 

In  the  fall  of  his  junior  year,  Baird 
enrolled  in  a  directing  course  with 
professor  of  the  practice  Jody 
McAuliffe.'Td  always  had  an  interest 
in  directing,"says  Baird,  "but  as 
something  I  would  get  involved 
with  in  the  future."  The  future  came 
sooner  than  he'd  planned.  Hoof 'n' 
Horn  had  planned  to  mount  a  pro- 
duction of  Chicago,  but  the  plan  fell 
through  when  the  group  ran  into 
problems  securing  the  necessary 
permissions.  Instead,  the  group 
decided  to  produce  A  Funny  Thing 
Happened  on  the  Way  to  the  Forum 


cal  past  encouraged  him  to  try 
out  for  a  part  in  the  Hoof  'n'  Horn 
production  of  Man  ofLaMancha. 
Without  much  preparation — he'd 
found  out  about  auditions  the  same 
day  they  were  held — he  landed 
the  part  of  Pedro,  leader  of  the  evil 
muleteer  gang. 


and  needed  a  director  to  take  on  the 
project  right  away  (a  Hoof  'n'  Horn 
production  is  presented  annually  as 
part  of  Parents' Weekend).  Baird 
signed  on. 

With  McAuliffe's  guidance,  Baird 
says  that  making  the  transition  from 


actor  to  director  turned  out  to  be  a 
natural  step  in  his  theatrical  evolu- 
tion. "When  you're  an  actor,  you  are 
kind  of  selfish,"  he  says.  "You're 
thinking  about  your  own  part  and 
how  you  can  make  your  role  stand 
out.  But  as  a  director,  you  tend  to 
look  at  things  with  a  more  critical 
eye,  because  you  are  creating  the 
larger  framework.  You  have  to  have 
an  artistic  vision  and  make  sure  the 
whole  thing  works." 

Last  spring,  Baird  was  recruited 
by  the  theater  studies  department 
faculty  to  direct  the  Duke  Players' 
fall  semester  orientation  show, 
The  Complete  Works  of  William  Shake- 
speare (Abridged).  Duke 
Players  is  the  student  arm  of  the 
department.  The  orientation  show 
is  used  as  a  recruiting  tool  to  interest 
prospective  students  in  becoming 
involved  with  courses  or  productions. 

With  one  of  his  three  collabora- 
tors in  London  all  summer,  Baird 
had  to  project  calm  self-assurance 
to  his  theater  studies  peers  while 
scrambling  to  rehearse  and  direct 
the  show  in  the  two  weeks  before 
it  was  unveiled  in  late  August."lt 
was  a  mad  adrenaline  rush,"he 
recalls,  smiling. "But  we  had  waiting 
lists  both  nights." 

For  his  senior-year  honors  pro- 
ject, Baird  will  direct  John  Patrick 
Shanley's  The  Dreamer  Examines  His 
Pillow,  to  be  presented  in  February 
at  SchaefferTheater. "There  is  a  lot 
of  raw  emotion  in  this  play,  and  it's 
something  that  college  kids  can 
relate  to.  It's  about  trying  to  navigate 
feelings  of  love  in  the  midst  of  uncer- 
tainty, when  you  don't  really  know 
what  you  are  going  through." 

— Bridget  Booher 


the  theater  company  collaborated  with  Dur- 
ham's Walltown  Children's  Theater,  the 
Durham  School  of  the  Arts,  and  North  Car- 
olina Central  University.  The  residency 
and  performances  were  sponsored  by  Duke 
Performances  as  part  of  its  2007-08  season. 

www.dukeperformances.duke.edu 
www.classicaltheatreofharlem.org 

Soul  of  Duke 

Since  its  founding  at  the  Alabama  In- 
stitute for  the  Negro  Blind  in  1939, 
the  gospel  group  the  Blind  Boys  of 
Alabama  has  established  itself  as  one 
of  the  longest  running  and  most  influential 
of  the  last  century.  It  is  perhaps  matched  in 
that  respect  by  only  one  other  group — the 
legendary  Dixie  Hummingbirds,  founded  in 
Greenville,  South  Carolina,  in  1928. 

Both  groups  will  come  to  Duke  in  Feb- 
ruary as  part  of  the  month-long  series  "Soul 
Power:  From  Gospel  to  the  Godfather,"  pre- 
sented by  Duke  Performances.  The  Dixie 
Hummingbirds  will  perform  February  2,  shar- 
ing the  bill  with  Solomon  Burke,  a  soul  leg- 


12         DUKE  MAGAZINE 


BIBLIO-FILE 


Selections  from 
the  Rare  Book,  Manu- 
script, and  Special 
Collections  Library 

Part  aesthetic  treatise, 
part  travelogue,  and 
part  history  lesson,  Julien 
David  Le  Roy's  Les  Ruines 
des  Plus  Beaux  Monuments  de  la 
Grece  (The  Ruins  of  the  Most  Beautiful 
Monuments  of  Greece)  was  published 
i  n  1 758,  on  the  crest  of  the  wave 
of  neoclassicism  that  swept  both 
Europe  and  America  through  the  sec- 
ond half  of  the  eighteenth  century. 

Le  Roy  was  a  pioneering  art  histo- 
rian, one  of  the  first  to  argue  that 
ideals  of  beauty  are  not  universal, 
but  rather  are  grounded  in  the  spe- 
cific geographic,  social,  and  historical 
settings  of  communities.  In  Les  Ruines, 
he  attempts  to  provide  the  history  of 


the  monuments  he  inspected  during 
his  travels  in  Greece  from  1 754  to  1 758, 
and  to  explain  the  development  of 
the  Greek  orders  of  architecture 
based  on  a  set  of  historical  principles. 

Later,  Le  Roy's  controversial  ideas 
led  Luigi  Piranesi  and  others  to  accuse 
Le  Roy,  by  then  a  professor  of  architec- 
ture at  the  Academie  Royale  d'Archi- 
tecture,  of  fraudulently  asserting  the 
superiority  of  French  architecture  by 
fabricating  connections  between 
Greek  traditions  and  French  academic 
methods. 

The  discoveries  and  travels  de- 
scribed in  this  deluxe  edition  of  Les 
Ruines  are  illustrated  with  large  en- 


gravings in  which  landscapes  and 
vignettes  showing  Greek-costumed 
figures  highlight  the  "Greek"gualities 
of  the  ruins.  Le  Roy  emphasized  the 
authenticity  and  accuracy  of  his 
observations  by  signing  them,  not- 
ing that  he  had  drafted  them  while 
in  Greece. 

Les  Ruines,  acquired  with  funds 
from  the  Louise  Hall  Library 
Endowment,  enhances  the  library's 
strengths  in  the  fields  of  architecture, 
classics,  and  French  culture. 


www.libraty.duke.edu/ 

specialcollections 


Gospel  legends:  Blind  Boys  of  Alabama 

end  who  was  inducted  into  the  Rock  and 
Roll  Hall  of  Fame  in  2001. 

The  Blind  Boys  of  Alabama  will  perform 
February  8,  along  with  Mavis  Staples,  for- 
mer member  of  the  legendary  Staple  Singers, 
a  group  that  peaked  during  the  civil  rights 
era  and  straddled  the  line  between  sacred 
and  secular  soul  music. 

February's  Soul  Power  series  also  includes 
the  premiere  of  a  performance  by  DJ  Spooky, 
a  writer,  conceptual  artist,  and  pioneer  in 
the  field  of  mash-ups  and  mixing;  a  concert 
featuring  the  Don  Byron  Band  and  Chris 
Thomas  King;  and  a  show  that  brings  togeth- 
er the  Maceo  Parker  Band  and  the  Booker 
T.  Jones  Band. 

www.dukeperformances.duke.edu 


Taste  of  the  Modern 


Combine,  sublime:  Rauschenberg's  Painting 
with  Grey  Wing,  left,  and  Rothko's  No.  46  [Black, 
Ochre,  Red  Over  Red] 


Six  works  by  masters  of  the  Abstract 
Expressionist  and  Pop  Art  movements 
of  the  1950s  and  1960s  are  now  on 
view  at  the  Nasher  Museum  of  Art. 
The  works,  included  in  the  exhibition 
"Taste  of  the  Modern,"  are  No.  46  [Black, 
Ochre,  Red  Over  Red],  an  abstract  "sublime" 
painting  by  Mark  Rothko;  Painting  with 
Grey  Wing  and  Slow  Fall,  "combine"  paint- 
ings by  Robert  Rauschenberg;  Pie  a  la  Mode 
and  Hamburger  with  Pickle  and  Olive,  two 
sculptures  by  Claes  Oldenburg;  and  Franz 
Kline's  gestural  "action  painting"  Hazelton, 
named  for  a  town  south  of  his  hometown  in 
Pennsylvania. 

The  works,  on  loan  from  the  Museum  of 
Contemporary  Art  in  Los  Angeles,  show- 
case America's  creative  energies  in  abstract 
expressionism  and  pop  art,  says  Kim  Ror- 
schach, Mary  D.B.T  and  James  H.  Semans 


Director  of  the  Nasher.  The  artists  repre- 
sented are  some  of  the  most  influential  from 
their  respective  movements. 

www.nasher.duke.edu 


Taste  this:  Oldenburg's  Pie  a  la  Mode 


November- December  2007 


Gazette 


STATE   OF   THE   ARTS 


GALLERY 


Selections  from  the  Nasher  Museum  of  Art 


ir  Anthony  Caro  is  widely  re- 
garded as  one  of  the  world's 
greatest  living  sculptors. 
Creating  both  abstract  and 
figural  metal  sculptures  throughout 
his  career,  Caro  was  among  the  first 
leading  sculptors  to  move  away  from 
the  use  of  pedestals  and  display  his 
work  directly  on  the  ground. 

"I  think  my  big  break  in  1960  was 
in  challenging  the  pedestal,  killing 
statuary,  bringing  sculpture  into  our 
own  lived-in  space,"  Caro  says.  "And 
doing  that  involved  a  different  kind 
of  looking.  These  sculptures  of  mine 
incorporated  space  and  interval  so 
that  you  could  not  grasp  them  from  a 
single  view.  You  had  to  walk  along  to 
take  them  in." 

Caro,  who  was  born  in  Surrey,  Eng- 
land, lives  and  works  in  London.  In 


1987,  he  participated  in  an  artists  work- 
shop in  Barcelona,  Spain.  The  experi- 
ence inspired  him  to  explore  the  flow 
of  line  in  sculpture.  The  following 
year,  Caro  created  the  "Catalan"  series 
of  steel  table  sculptures. 

Catalan  Cowl  represents  Caro's  in- 
creasingly figurative  work  during  the 
1980s.  Although  the  piece  is  loosely 
cubistic,  its  name  suggests  that  its 
form  is  derived  from  a  Spanish  monk's 
hood.  Caro  had  previously  rejected 
the  traditional  practice  of  modeling 
sculpture  after  life  drawings  or  art  of 
the  past,  but  he  has  often  alternated 
between  abstract  steel  constructions 
and  figural  bronzes  in  his  later  career. 

Tate  Britain,  in  London,  mounted 
a  retrospective  of  Caro's  work  in  2005. 

www.nasher.duke.edu 


Catalan  Cowl,  1987-1988,  by 
Sir  Anthony  Caro,  welded  steel, 
41  %  x  38  x  17  inches.  Promised 
gift  of  E.Blake  Byrne '57,  in 
honor  of  Raymond  D.  Nasher  '43 


Hard  Driving  a  Bargain 

Attention  all  car  shoppers  and  home 
buyers:  The  give-and-take  of  negoti- 
ating generally  leads  both  parties  to 
believe  they  strike  harder  bargains 
than  they  actually  do.  That's  because  each 
side  misjudges  the  other's  bottom  line,  ac- 
cording to  a  report  published  in  the  journal 
of  Personality  and  Social  Psychology. 

Richard  Larrick,  an  associate  professor  of 
management  at  the  Fuqua  School  of  Busi- 
ness, and  George  Wu  of  the  University  of 
Chicago  found  that,  even  after  haggling, 
most  negotiators — buyers  and  sellers  alike 
— make  a  skewed  estimate  of  the  size  of  the 
pie  they're  fighting  over,  thinking  it  is 
smaller  than  it  actually  is.  The  pie  repre- 
sents the  full  range  of  the  possible  deal — 
from  the  lowest  to  the  highest  possible  pur- 
chase price. 

The  researchers  studied  three  groups  of 
156  to  266  students  at  the  University  of  Chi- 
cago's Graduate  School  of  Business,  dividing 
each  group  into  imaginary  buyers  represent- 
ing a  motorcycle  manufacturer  and  sellers 
representing  a  parts  supplier.  The  students 
bargained  for  forty-five  minutes  over  the 
price  of  the  parts. 

In  the  first  two  studies,  the  researchers 
varied  either  the  size  of  the  bargaining  zone 
or  each  side's  expectations  about  the  other's 
"reservation  price."  In  the  third  study,  the 
researchers  used  cash  incentives  to  encour- 
age students  to  estimate  more  accurately 
their  opponent's  price  limit. 

In  all  three  studies,  the  authors  consis- 
tently found  that  negotiators  underestimated 
the  size  of  the  pie  available;  as  a  result,  both 
buyers  and  sellers  ended  up  overestimating 
the  size  of  the  slice  that  they  captured.  The 
student  bargainers  left  the  negotiating  table 
thinking  they  had  captured,  on  average,  56  to 
72  percent  of  the  available  pie  when  in  reality, 
they  captured  an  average  of  only  50  percent. 
The  authors  attribute  the  results  to  a  bar- 
rier in  learning  they  call  "asymmetric  dis- 
confirmation."  Negotiators  only  learn  that 
certain  types  of  judgments  are  wrong  be- 
cause of  the  way  their  counterparts  respond 
in  the  bargaining  process.  But  other  types  of 
mistaken  judgment  go  unchallenged,  so  the 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Gazette 


RESEARCH   FRONTIERS 


negotiators  never  find  out  they  were  wrong. 

For  example,  buyers  who  incorrectly  be- 
lieve that  sellers  will  take  a  very  low  price 
will  quickly  learn  that  their  judgments  are 
wrong  because  their  opening  offers  are  flatly 
rejected.  In  response,  they  inevitably  raise 
their  offers  and  adjust  their  estimate  of  the 
sellers  limit  so  that  it  becomes  more  accurate. 

But  when  buyers  overestimate  the  seller's 
minimum  price  and  start  with  a  generous 
first  offer,  the  seller  may  happily  agree,  and 
the  buyer  never  learns  he  could  have  of- 
fered much  less. 

Over  time,  the  researchers  predict,  peo- 
ple may  become  overconfident  about  their 
bargaining  skills  because  they  usually  come 
away  from  a  negotiation  feeling  as  if  they 
have  won,  even  if  they  have  accepted  a  less 
favorable  bid  than  is  necessary. 

faculty.fuqua.duke.edu/-larrick/bio 

Global  Health  Starts  at  Home 

Duke  will  receive  $35  million  from  bil- 
lionaire real-estate  developer  and 
Dole  Food  Company  Inc.  owner 
David  H.  Murdock  to  support  a  mas- 
sive biomedical  research  project  at  the 
North  Carolina  Research  Campus  (NCRC) 
in  the  city  of  Kannapolis. 

The  Kannapolis-based  M.U.R.D.O.C.K. 
study  (Measurement  to  Understand  the  Re- 
classification of  Disease  of  Cabarrus  and 
Kannapolis)  will  include  physicians  and  sci- 
entists at  Duke,  the  University  of  North 
Carolina,  and  the  North  Carolina  Commu- 
nity College  System.  They  will  conduct 


broad,  epidemiological  studies  linking  ge- 
netic data  to  disease  risk  and  outcomes  at 
the  311,000-square-foot  David  H.  Murdock 
Core  Laboratory. 

The  project's  backers  compare  the  new 
project  to  the  historic  Framingham  Heart 
Study,  started  in  Framingham,  Massachu- 
setts, in  1948,  that  followed  generations  of 
residents  and  produced  much  of  our  current 
knowledge  about  heart  disease. 

"Our  project  is  no  less  ambitious,"  says  Rob- 
ert Califf  '73,  M.D.  '78,  M.U.R.D.O.C.K.'s 
lead  investigator  and  director  of  the  Duke 
Translational  Medicine  Institute.  "Like  the 
Framingham  study,  M.U.R.D.O.C.K.  will 
also  seek  detailed  information  about  thou- 
sands of  participants  and  their  families  over 
time.  By  measuring  genes,  proteins,  and  met- 


M.U.R.D.OCK.  researchers  will  focus  on 
high-impact  diseases,  including  cancer,  heart 
disease,  high  blood  pressure,  obesity,  diabe- 
tes, hepatitis,  osteoarthritis,  and  mental  ill- 
ness. By  linking  data,  Califf  says,  they  will  be 
able  to  "treat  patients  according  to  their 
specific  biological  profile.  There  won't  be  any 
more  'one  size  fits  all'  in  patient  care.  This  is 
what  translational  medicine  is  all  about." 

Duke  has  some  of  the  most  extensive  clin- 
ical databases  and  biospecimen  repositories 
in  the  world.  With  the  M.U.R.D.O.C.K. 
support,  investigators  will  begin  their  work 
with  samples  from  those  sources.  Simultan- 
eously, they  will  begin  laying  the  ground- 
work for  enrolling  study  volunteers  from  in 
and  around  Kannapolis  and  surrounding  Ca- 
barrus County. 


Good  measure:  Ella  Lightbody  has  her  blood 
the  longitudinal  model  for  M.U.R.D.O.C.K. 

abolites,  we  aspire  to  be  able  to  give  advice  to 
individuals  about  how  to  stay  healthy  and 
optimally  treat  illness  when  it  occurs.  Com- 
bining this  information  across  entire  counties 
using  electronic  health  records,  we  believe  we 
can  provide  much  better  prevention  pro- 
grams for  the  diseases  that  are  causing  death 
and  disability  in  our  society  and  beyond." 

"This  is  a  Framingham  study  for  the  mo- 
lecular age,"  Califf  says. 


taken  as  part  of  the  Framingham  study, 


In  announcing  the  gift,  Victor  J.  Dzau, 
chancellor  for  health  affairs,  pointed  out 
that  the  project  complements  Duke's  recent 
focus  on  global  health.  "Thanks  to  Mr.  Mur- 
dock," he  said,  "our  collective  research  will 
enable  unprecedented  understanding  of 
human  disease,  and  how  genetics,  geogra- 
phy, and  environment  contribute  to  health 
and  wellness." 

www.ncresearchcampus.net 


November -December  2007 


15 


Gazette 


RESEARCH   FRONTIERS 


When  Sweat  is  Sweet 

What  smells  awful  to  one  person  may 
actually  strike  another  as  pleas- 
ant, according  to  a  new  report  by 
Duke  Medical  Center  researchers. 
The  difference,  they  say,  doesn't  come 
down  to  personal  preferences  but  to  genetic 
variants  in  the  odor  receptors  of  smellers. 

The  researchers,  led  by  Hiroaki  Matsunami, 
assistant  professor  of  molecular  genetics  and 
microbiology,  focused  on  two  chemicals — 
androstenone  and  androstadienone — that 
are  created  naturally  by  the  body  during  the 
breakdown  of  the  male  sex  hormone  testos- 
terone and  are  excreted  in  sweat  and  urine. 
The  researchers  sought  to  discover  why  peo- 
ple react  differently  when  they  smell  these 
two  chemicals. 

In  conjunction  with  collaborators  at 
Rockefeller  University,  they  asked  391  vol- 
unteers to  inhale  the  two  chemicals  and 
describe  what  they  smelled.  The  results 
ranged  widely:  from  no  smell  at  all  to  de- 
scriptions such  as  "vanilla  and  sweet"  to 
"sickening  and  urine."  DNA  extracted  from 


blood  samples  from  each  volunteer  were 
sent  to  Matsunami's  laboratory. 

Humans  have  about  400  olfactory  recep- 
tors in  their  noses  that  detect  an  odor, 
which  is  essentially  a  collection  of  chemi- 
cals. Smells  typically  bind  to  their  corre- 
sponding receptors,  which  then  relay  infor- 
mation to  the  brain  for  processing. 

"After  performing  genetic  analysis  on 
each  of  the  samples  and  correlating  the 
results  with  the  smell  descriptions,  we  were 
able  to  link  specific  genetic  variants  with 
specific  perceptions,"  Matsunami  says.  "While 
many  theories  of  the  different  perceptions 


of  smell  focus  on  culture,  experience,  or 
memory,  our  results  show  that  an  important 
portion  of  this  variability  is  due  to  an  indi- 
vidual's genes."  The  study  was  published  in 
the  journal  Nature. 

"These  results  demonstrate  the  first  link 
between  the  functioning  of  a  human  odor 
receptor  gene  and  how  that  odor  is  per- 
ceived," Matsunami  says,  adding  that  the 
results  will  likely  add  to  the  debate  over  the 
existence  of  pheromones  in  humans.  Pher- 
omones  are  chemical  signals  between  ani- 
mals that  express  alarm  and  provide  mating 
and  navigation  cues. 

Generating  Brain  Cells 

Over  the  last  decade,  scientists  have 
persuasively  shown  that  brain  cells 
replicate,  a  notion  that  was,  at  first, 
controversial.  They  are  now  explor- 
ing how  the  cells  replicate,  a  process  called 
neurogenesis,  and  seeking  ways  to  improve 
the  process  when  it  appears  to  slow  or.  stop 
altogether,  for  example,  in  older  people  or 
those  with  Alzheimer's  disease. 


of  aging  rats.  The  hippocampus,  an  area  of  the 
brain  linked  to  memory  formation  and  stor- 
age, as  well  as  depression  and  neurodegen- 
erative diseases  such  as  Alzheimer's,  is  where 
neuron-forming  stem  cells  perform  much  of 
the  cell  replication  found  in  humans. 

After  three  weeks,  researchers  saw  an  in- 
crease in  neurogenesis  in  the  rats  that  re- 
ceived the  cell  implants,  compared  with  rats 
that  did  not  receive  any  treatment  and  rats 
that  received  implantation  surgery  but  not 
stem  cells. 

The  researchers  view  the  finding  as  an  im- 
portant step  in  working  toward  therapies  for 
humans.  In  older  people  and  people  with 
Alzheimer's  disease,  "neural  stem  cells  are 
sitting  there  but  not  dividing,  so  they  are 
not  making  new  neurons,"  says  Ashok  K. 
Shetty,  professor  of  neurosurgery  at  Duke 
and  a  medical  research  scientist  at  the  Dur- 
ham Veterans  Affairs  Medical  Center.  "We 
hope  that  by  making  more  neurons,  we  can 
improve  learning  and  memory"  in  patients. 

The  results  of  their  work  appear  in  the 
journal  Stem  Celb. 

stemcells.alphamedpress.org 


Duke  researchers  recently  showed  for  the 
first  time  that  putting  two  specific  types  of 
neural  cells  directly  into  an  aging  brain  can 
kick-start  creation  of  brain  cells  linked  to 
learning  and  memory.  The  group  harvested 
two  types  of  cells  from  the  spinal  cords  of 
rats  and  implanted  them  in  the  hippocampi 


Researchers  have  found  that  a  moder- 
ate exercise  program  can  do  wonders 
for  the  heart,  keeping  a  key  blood 
marker  linked  to  heart  disease  and 
diabetes  low  even  after  weeks  of  rest,  in  some 
cases  more  effectively  than  intense  exercise. 
The  researchers  assigned  240  middle-aged, 
sedentary  subjects  to  four  distinct  groups.  t 
Three  were  exercise  groups:  a  high  amount/  jf 
high  intensity  group,  a  low  amount/high  J 
intensity  group,  and  a  low  amount  /moder-  a 


IH'KE  MAGAZINE 


I 


• ;  » 


CAfALOGWNGTRUETRUFFLES 

he  finest  truffles.iised  as  gai  "* 
-  *~g£i  severaHhousai 


mnm 


Gazette 


RESEARCH    FRONTIE 


ate  intensity  group.  The  fourth  was  a  con- 
trol group — participants  didn't  do  any  exer- 
cise at  all. 

Workouts  included  time  on  a  treadmill, 
an  elliptical  trainer,  and  a  stationary  bicy- 
cle. Participants  went  through  a  two-  to 
three-month  ramp-up  period,  then  stayed 
on  their  programs  for  six  months.  Scientists 
measured  the  participants'  blood  levels  of 
proteins  that  carry  cholesterol  and  fat  (HDL, 
LDL,  and  triglycerides)  when  they  began 
their  programs,  and  then  at  twenty-four 
hours,  five  days,  and  fifteen  days  after  they 
stopped  doing  them. 

The  researchers  found  that  for  the  most 
part,  no  amount  of  exercise  significantly 
changed  LDL  levels.  HDL  levels,  however, 
tended  to  improve  with  the  length  and  in- 
tensity of  the  workout,  and  the  benefit  was 
sustained  over  time. 

Researchers  were  especially  interested  in 
what  happened  after  the  participants  stopped 
their  workouts.  "There  are  lots  of  studies 
that  demonstrate  the  benefits  of  exercise, 
but  we  also  know  that  in  real  life,  people 
don't  always  adhere  to  their  programs,"  says 
Cris  Slentz,  the  study's  lead  author  and  an 
exercise  physiologist  at  Duke.  "We  wanted 
to  measure  how  long  those  benefits  linger." 

He  and  his  colleagues  found  that  a  mod- 
est, low-intensity  workout — walking  just 
thirty  minutes  a  day,  for  example — dramati- 
cally lowered  triglyceride  levels.  Triglycer- 
ides are  the  particles  that  carry  fat  through- 
out the  body,  and  they're  also  an  indicator 
of  insulin  resistance,  a  marker  for  diabetes. 
Lowering  triglyceride  levels  lowers  risk  of 
heart  disease  and  diabetes.  "We  were  also 
amazed  to  see  that  the  lower  triglyceride 
levels  stayed  low  even  two  weeks  after  the 
workouts  ended,"  says  senior  author  Wil- 
liam Kraus  M.D.  '83,  associate  professor  of 
cell  biology  and  medicine,  adding  that 
longer,  more  intense  workouts  didn't  have 
nearly  the  same  impact. 

While  the  researchers  were  surprised  by 
the  amount  and  duration  of  the  benefits 
from  a  modest  exercise  program,  they  say 
they  were  not  surprised  by  the  "alarming"  re- 
sults from  the  control  group.  Over  six  months, 
those  participants  gained  two  pounds  and 
about  a  halt  inch  around  the  waist. 


M 


ost  new  technologies 
go  through  a  fairly 
long  period  of  devel- 
opment during  which 
is  pricier  and 
limited  to  wealthier  consumers. 
Radio,  however,  has  a  different  story. 
In  its  heyday,  radio  sets  were  almost 
immediately  and  widely  available, 
says  Daniel  Foster,  assistant  professor 
of  theater  studies.  As  a  result,  nation- 
al broadcasts  attempted  to  appeal 
across  socioeconomic  lines. 

Ultimately,  radio  took  a  backseat 
to  television  and  film,  and  radio  the- 
ater productions  were  replaced  with 
music  and  talk  shows.  As  major 
broadcasters  switched  to  television, 
the  number  of  national  radio  chan- 
nels decreased,  and  radio's  unifying 
cultural  power  diminished. 

"Radio:  The  Theater  of  the  Mind," 
a  course  in  Duke's  theater  studies  de- 
partment, was  created  because  Fos- 
ter wanted  to  share  with  students  the 
relevance  of  old  radio  theater  shows. 

"I'd  been  listening  to  them  for  a 
long  time,  and  I'd  think, 'Wow  these 
are  really  still  funny  or  these  are  really 
still  scary,'"  Foster  says.  He  wants  his 
students"to  be  more  aware  of  the 
aural  world  around  them." 

"We're  such  a  visual  culture,  and  I 
really  want  them  to  tune  in  to  the 
world  in  a  way  they  haven't  before." 

The  course  explores  the  history  of 
radio  and  how  it  reveals  prevailing 
opinions  on  America's  sense  of  self 
during  radio's  prominence  from  the 
1920s  through  the  1960s.  An  exam- 
ple of  this  is  the  show  TheGreenHor- 


net,  which  began  before  World  War 
II.  The  sidekick,  Kato,  was  initially 
Japanese,  but  as  the  show  evolved, 
his  character  progressed  from 
Japanese,  to  Chinese,  to  simply 
"Oriental,"and  then,  finally,  Filipino: 
a  reflection,  some  argue,  of  the 
United  States' fluctuating  relation- 
ships with  the  different  countries. 

Aside  from  examining  historical 
contexts,  the  class  contributes  to  the 
future  of  radio  through  a  final  proj- 
ect: Internet  podcasts  that  are  acces- 
sible to  the  public.  A  podcast  is  simi- 
lar to  a  radio  show,  but  the  listeners 
choose  when  they  want  to  hear  the 
show;  in  addition,  it  is  available 
nationally.  Foster  says  that  the 
course  site  gets  5,000  to  8,000  listen- 
ers per  month. 

For  the  final  project,  students 
perform  original  scripts  or  revamp 
old  ones.  One  of  Foster's  favorite  pro- 
jects was  by  Tiffany  Chen  '07,  who 
adapted  a  short  story  called  "The 
Most  Dangerous  Game,"  by  Richard 
Connell.  In  the  piece,  a  hunter  is 
stranded  on  an  island  owned  by 
another  hunter  who  has  come  to 
believe  that  humans  are  the  greatest 
prey.  Chen  has  been  interviewed  by 
publications  such  as  The  Guardian  for 
her  involvement  in  the  class. 

The  biggest  challenge  of  making  a 
podcast,  Foster  says,  is  creating  a 
"sonic  landscape,"a  believable  atmos- 
phere in  which  the  dialogue  takes 
place.  There  are  no  theater  prerequi- 
sites for  the  class,  and  Foster  believes 
that  broadcasting  requires  a  different 
set  of  skills  than  stage  acting. 


"If  you're  constitutionally  shy, 
radio  is  a  good  medium  because  you 
don't  have  to  appear  to  anybody," 
Foster  says.  "In  that  way  it's  closer  to 
writing.  Your  voice  gets  transmitted 
and  not  you  as  a  visible  whole." 

Completed  final  podcasts  are 
available  at  www.thetheaterofthe- 
mind.com. 


Daniel  Foster  earned  a  B.A.  with  a 
major  in  philosophy  from  St.  John's 
College  in  Santa  Fe,  New  Mexico,  and 
an  M.A.  and  Ph.D.  in  comparative  lit- 
erature from  the  University  of 
Chicago.  A  classically  trained  pianist, 
he  held  a  Mellon  Postdoctoral 
Fellowship  in  the  music  department 
at  the  University  of  Pennsylvania.  He 
has  taught  at  Duke  for  four  years  and 
is  the  director  of  undergraduate 
studies  in  the  department  of  theater 
studies. 


Requirements  include  listening  to 
radio  shows  and  reading  analyses  of 
radio  by  writers  such  as  Rudolf 
Arnheim,  Allison  McCracken,  and 
Andrew  Crisell. 


Three  essays 
Radio  theater  project 
Analysis  of  radio  theater  project 

— Kelly  Schmader 


"That  may  not  sound  like  much,  but  over  better  than  doing  nothing  at  all." 

a  decade  at  that  rate,  that  would  mean  an  The  study  was  published  in  the  Journal 

additional  forty  pounds  and  ten  inches,"  of  Applied  Physiology. 

Kraus  says.  "So  doing  a  little  is  a  whole  lot  www.jap.physiology.org 


18 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


3-D  Brains 


A  multi-institutional  consortium  that 
includes  Duke  has  created  startling- 
ly  crisp  3-D  microscopic  views  of  tiny 
mouse  brains — unveiled  layer  by 
layer — by  extending  the  capabilities  of  con- 
ventional magnetic  resonance  imaging.  By 
studying  the  mouse  brains,  researchers  hope 
to  gain  insights  into  the  relationship  be- 
tween genes  and  brain  structure  in  humans. 
"These  images  can  be  more  than  100,000 
times  higher  resolution  than  a  clinical  MRI 
scan,"  says  G.  Allan  Johnson  Ph.D.  74, 
Charles  E.  Putman  Distinguished  Professor 
of  radiology  and  professor  of  biomedical 


engineering  and  physics.  He  is  lead  author 
of  a  report  describing  the  innovations  in  the 
research  journal  Neurolmage. 

Images  on  the  website  for  Duke's  Center 
for  In  Vivo  Microscopy,  which  Johnson  di- 
rects, reveal  examples  of  these  innovations 
in  action.  In  one  video,  two  different  mouse 
brains — one  from  a  normal  animal  and  the 
other  from  an  animal  missing  a  gene  linked 
to  normal  mental  functioning — assemble 
themselves  before  the  viewer's  eyes,  structure 
by  structure,  through  a  series  of  time-lapse 
photos.  Once  complete,  the  side-by-side  im- 
ages revolve  as  overlying  tissues  dissolve  in- 
to a  computer-rendered  transparency.  What 
remains  visible  are  two  color-coded  brain 
structures — the  ventricles  and  hippocampus 
— showing  specific  genetic  differences. 

Such  high-resolution  magnetic  resonance 
imaging  provides  distortion-free  3-D  images 


that  make  it  possible  for  scientists  to  distin- 
guish subtle  tissue  differences  in  the  brain, 
Johnson  says.  "The  specimen  is  still  actually  in 
the  skull.  It  hasn't  been  cut  by  a  knife.  It  has 
not  been  dehydrated  and  distorted  as  it  would 
be  in  conventional  histological  techniques." 

www.pratt.duke.edu/news/?id=1001 
www.civm.duhs.duke.edu 

In  Brief 

V  William  M.  LeFevre  has  been  appoint- 
ed the  first  full-time  executive  director  of 
the  Sarah  P.  Duke  Gardens,  effective  Octo- 
ber 1.  He  replaces  former  director  Richard 
A.  White,  University  Distinguished  Service 
Professor  Emeritus  of  biology,  who  retired  in 
June.  LeFevre,  a  horticulturalist,  previously 
served  as  executive  director  of  the  John 


con*  tent  Tnent 

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November  -  December  2007 


Sports 


The  big  three:  the  newest  Devil 

hoopsters-King,  Singler,  and 

Smith,  from  left-followed  similar 

paths  to  get  to  Coach  K  Court 


Bartram  Association  in  Philadelphia,  over- 
seeing Bartram's  Garden,  the  oldest  existing 
botanical  garden  in  North  America. 

V  On  the  occasion  of  his  ninetieth  birth- 
day, composer  Robert  Ward,  professor  emeri- 
tus of  music,  received  the  Old  North  State 
Award  for  excellence  and  for  dedication 
and  service  beyond  expectation  from  North 
Carolina  Governor  Mike  Easley.  In  1962,  The 
Crucible,  Ward's  opera  based  on  the  play  by 
Arthur  Miller,  received  the  Pulitzer  Prize 
for  Music  and  the  New  York  Critics'  Circle 
Award.  He  joined  the  Duke  faculty  in  1979. 

^  Four  men's  lacrosse  players  who  gradu- 
ated this  past  spring  have  taken  advantage 
of  an  extra  year  of  eligibility  granted  by  the 
NCAA  to  make  up  for  the  team's  canceled 
2006  season.  The  players — captain  and  reign- 
ing National  Player  of  the  Year  Matt  Dan- 
owski,  goaitender  Dan  Loftus,  and  defense- 
men  Tony  McDevitt  and  Nick  O'Hara — 
have  enrolled  in  graduate  programs  at  Duke 
and  will  remain  on  the  roster  for  the  up- 
coming season. 

\)  The  East  Campus  building  that  former- 
ly served  as  the  Duke  University  Museum  of 
Art — rendered  obsolete  by  the  Nasher  Mu- 
seum of  Art — has  been  renovated  to  include 
classroom  and  office  space.  It  now  houses  the 
cultural  anthropology  and  African  6k  Afri- 
can American  studies  departments  and  the 
program  in  literature.  The  red-brick  build- 
ing opposite  Carr  Building  was  originally 
constructed  as  a  home  for  the  sciences.  It 
became  Duke's  first  art  museum  in  1969. 

\f  This  semester  a  new  "soft  quota"  went 
into  effect  for  students  printing  documents 
in  public  computer  labs.  Representatives  of 
Duke  Student  Government,  which  en- 
dorsed the  quota  in  March,  hope  that  it  will 
lead  to  more  environmentally  conscious 
paper  use.  Each  student  will  be  allocated  an 
initial  quota  of  1,800  single-sided  sheets  of 
paper,  or  3,600  double-sided  sheets,  per  se- 
mester. But  beyond  that  students  can  re- 
quest additional  free  allocations  in  500-page 
increments.  Students  will  only  be  charged 
— at  two  cents  per  page — if  their  quota  runs 
out  and  they  do  not  request  an  increase. 
Quotas  are  common  at  other  universities. 


Fresh  Start 


Duke's  three  newest  basketball  play- 
ers spent  their  summer  together 
on  campus,  getting  acclimated  to 
college  life  and  joining  their  new 
Blue  Devil  teammates  in  a  series  of  get- 
acquainted  pickup  games.  The  talented  trio 
shared  a  dorm  room  and,  for  the  most  part, 
they  enjoyed  their  living  arrangement. 

But  freshman  forward  Taylor  King  did 
create  one  awkward  moment.  "Taylor  al- 
most burned  down  the  room,"  Kyle  Sing- 
ler says.  "He  tried  to  cook  some  noodles  in 
the  microwave  in  a  plastic  cup  and  no 
water.  I  swear,  the  room  still  smells  like 
burned  noodles." 

King,  a  6-6,  230-pounder  from  Hun- 
tington Beach,  California,  may  not  be  a 
maestro  in  the  kitchen,  but  he's  a  deadly 
shooter  with  the  same  kind  of  range  that 
made  J.J.  Redick  '06  such  an  awesome  of- 
fensive force.  Nolan  Smith,  a  6-2,  180- 
pound  guard  from  Upper  Marlboro,  Mary- 
land, is  the  son  of  a  former  Louisvilleand 
NBA  basketball  standout  and  the  first 
two-time  captain  in  the  history  of  the 
famed  Oak  Hill  Academy  program.  Sing- 
ler, a  6-8,  220-pounder  from  Medford,  Ore- 
gon, is  a  well-rounded  forward  with  a 
game  that  has  inspired  sports  writers  in 
the  Northwest  to  invoke  comparisons  with 
Adam  Morrison  and  Larry  Bird. 

Before  coming  to  Duke,  the  three  fresh- 
men knew  each  other  from  the  summer 
AAU  circuit.  They  played  together  on 
USA  Basketball's  2006  Under- 18  National 
team  and  spent  a  week  together  in  Louis- 
ville for  the  McDonald's  All- America  game. 
But  like  many  first-years,  Singler  says 
it's  taken  time  to  get  used  to  living  with  his 
roommates.  "It's  a  different  experience,  be- 
ing away  from  home  and  living  with  two 
other  guys  in  one  room,"  he  says.  "You've 
got  to  keep  the  room  clean." 

The  three  freshmen  share  an  off-court 
interest  in  other  forms  of  competition, 
especially  pool,  Ping-Pong,  and  video 
games.  Singler  claims  superiority  in  the 
first  two  competitions,  but  concedes, 
diplomatically,  "Taylor's  not  bad  on  the 
video  games.  Nolan's  pretty  good,  too." 


Coach  Mike  Krzyzewski  is  more  concerned 
with  their  ability  on  the  basketball  court. 
"They're  three  talented  kids,"  he  says.  "Each 
of  our  kids  won  championships.  They  bring 
some  intangibles  that  I  like  a  lot." 

Smith,  whose  Oak  Hill  team  won  the  na- 
tional championship  last  season,  believes 
that  his  experience  at  the  prep  basketball 
powerhouse  helped  prepare  him  for  the  jump 
to  ACC  basketball  competition. 

"I  think  being  at  Oak  Hill  will  make  it  a 
smooth  transition,"  he  says,  pointing  out 
that  as  a  junior  he  battled  UNC-bound  point 
guard  Ty  Lawson  in  practice  every  day,  while 
as  a  senior  he  went  up  against  Brandon  Jen- 
nings (the  top-rated  point  guard  in  the  Class 
of  2008)  and  Kentucky-bound  Alex  Legion. 

Singler's  four-year  rivalry  with 

Love  was  the  Oregon  prep  equivalent 

of  Russell  versus  Chamberlain  or 

Bird  versus  Johnson. 

"At  regular  high  schools,  I  don't  think  you 
get  that  opportunity  to  play  against  other 
D-l  point  guards  every  practice.  Every  prac- 
tice up  there  was  a  competition." 

Smith  tested  his  skills  this  summer  in 
pickup  games  with  Duke's  returning  players, 
matching  up  against  junior  Greg  Paulus  at 
point  guard.  "Me  and  Greg,  we're  competi- 
tors who  make  each  other  better,"  he  says. 

King's  long  experience  as  one  of  the  na- 
tion's premier  recruiting  prospects  helped 
prepare  him  for  the  pressure  of  playing  big- 
time  college  basketball.  The  young  forward 
first  found  himself  in  the  spotlight  as  an 
eighth-grader,  when  he  was  rated  the  num- 
ber-one junior-high-school  player  in  the 
country.  He  earned  even  more  early  scruti- 
ny when  he  committed  to  UCLA  before 
the  start  of  his  ninth-grade  season  at  Mater 
Dei  High  School  in  Santa  Ana,  California. 

"They  said,  'We  want  to  make  history  and 
make  you  the  youngest  player  ever  to  com- 
mit to  a  Division  I  college,' "  King  says.  When 
he  changed  his  mind  two  years  later  and  re- 
opened his  recruiting,  it  made  him  a  marked 
man  in  southern  California  prep  circles. 
Tensions  reached  a  head  when  Mater  Dei 


20 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


faced  a  team  from  Lake  Oswego,  Oregon, 
which  featured  prep  All-American — and 
UCLA  recruit — Kevin  Love. 

"Every  UCLA  fan  in  the  world  was  there," 
King  says.  "They  booed  me  in  my  gym.  I'm 
definitely  prepared  after  what  I  went  through 
in  high  school.  I  like  stuff  like  that.  It  makes 
me  play  better.  It  makes  me  play  with  more 
energy.  It  excites  me." 

Singler  was  also  tested  by  Love.  His  four- 
year  rivalry  with  the  powerful  big  man  was 
the  Oregon  prep  equivalent  of  Russell  ver- 
sus Chamberlain  or  Bird  versus  Johnson. 

"It  was  kind  of  a  blown-up  thing,"  Singler 
says  of  the  heated  rivalry  with  Love.  "But  it 
was  good  for  basketball  in  Oregon.  You 
don't  see  two  players  like  Kevin  and  me 


go  through  [high  school]  together." 

But  will  Singler  and  his  roommates  be 
ready  for  the  ACC  rivalries  they  will  face 
this  season — including  their  first  expo- 
sure to  the  Duke-Carolina  phenomenon? 
"I  just  want  to  be  on  that  court,  help- 
ing Duke  basketball  to  keep  the  tradition 
rolling,"  Smith  says.  "Last  year,  it  wasn't  a 
down  season,  but  it  wasn't  the  best  sea- 
son they've  had.  I  just  want  to  get  us 
back  to  the  ACC  championship  this 
year,  beat  Carolina  two  times,  and  [go] 
far  in  the  tournament." 

— AI  Featherston 

Feather ston  is  a  Durham-based 
freelance  writer. 


A  Picture  Worth  1,700  Students 

At  10:00  on  a  Wednesday  morning, 
Megan  Morr  and  Butch  Usery  are 
standing  atop  an  eight-ton  scissor 
lift  not  far  from  the  East  Campus  bus 
stop.  It  was  moving,  but  now  it  won't.  Won't 
move.  Won't  even  start. 

For  Morr  and  Usery,  this  is  not  an  ordi- 
nary day.  Both  are  photographers  with  the 
university's  in-house  photography  operation. 
Their  average  day  might  include  lugging 
heavy  bags  containing  camera,  lenses,  flash- 
es, and  tripods  around  campus,  but  not  op- 
erating heavy  machinery. 

But  today  is  special.  It's  move-in  week  for 
first-years,  and  the  photography  department 
has  been  assigned  to  take  an  aerial  photo  of 
some  1,700  members  of  the  Class  of  2011,  ar- 
ranged to  form  the  numerals  201 1  in  front 
of  Lilly  Library  on  the  East  Campus  quad. 
Six  of  the  department's  eight  staff  members 
will  work  almost  all  day  to  set  up  and  exe- 
cute the  shot,  scheduled  for  twilight,  just  af- 
ter 8:00  tonight. 

There  are  several  events  during  the  course 
of  the  year  that  require  long  hours  from  the 
university's  photographers — Homecoming, 
Reunions,  Commencement,  to  name  a  few. 
But  in  terms  of  capturing  a  single  image,  this 
is,  by  far,  the  one  that  takes  the  most  man- 
power and  preparation,  says  photographer 
Les  Todd. 

So  while  Morr  waits  for  a  repairman  to 
come  have  a  look  at  the  overheated  lift,  Usery 
joins  Chris  Hildreth,  Duke  Photography's 
director,  in  piloting  two  more  down  Cam- 
pus Drive.  In  total  the  job  will  employ  five 


November -December  2007 


"The  real  secret  is 
figuring  out  how 
many  bodies  we  can 
fit  in  each  number. " 


Go  team:  Washington  Duke, 

right,  maintains  a  calm 

presence  as  photographer 

Les  Todd,  below  right, 

pounds  stakes  into  grass, 

and  Chris  Hildreth,  below, 

checks  lighting 


lifts — the  three  fifty-foot 
scissor  lifts,  as  well  as  two 
sixty-foot  boom  lifts.  One 
lift,  positioned  directly  in 
front  of  the  East  Union  building,  will  carry 
Hildreth  and  his  camera.  The  other  four, 
arranged  around  half  of  the  circle  between 
East  Union  and  Lilly,  will  hold  powerful 
spotlights  on  loan  from  New  York  and 
Chicago.  Behind  his  back,  Hildreth's  col- 
leagues posit  that  what  really  gets  him  going 
is  a  production  of  great  magnitude,  and  tak- 
ing in  the  scene  unfolding  on  East  Campus, 
that  seems  about  right. 

This  is  the  fourth  time  that  Hildreth  and 
Todd  have  arranged  such  a  production  at 
Duke.  The  first  time  was  in  1997.  On  short 
notice,  the  team  located  high-power  spot- 
lights and  rigged  up  a  pulley  system  to  raise 
them  to  the  top  of  the  East  Union  building. 
They  built  a  platform  for  the  camera  on  the 
roof.  That  first  year,  they  spelled  out  D-U- 
K-E  in  capital  letters.  Tommy  Newnam,  the 
department's  office  manager,  remembers  a 
day  a  few  years  back  when  two  recent  grad- 
uates visited  the  office  and,  seeing  the  photo, 
referred  to  it  as  "our"  photo.  They  pointed 
to  two  young  freshmen  in  the  bottom  right 
corner,  along  the  front  row  of  the  E.  "That's 
us,"  they  told  her.  "We  met  that  night,  and 
now  we're  getting  married." 

In  2000,  Duke  administrators  requested  a 
second  photo — this  time  of  the  freshman 
class  forming  the  numbers  "2-0-0-4."  In  re- 
sponse to  popular  demand,  Ryan  Lombardi, 
associate  dean  of  students,  called  for  a  third 
edition  in  2006  and  suggested  that  the  photo 
might  become  an  annual  tradition.  By  back- 
ing its  return  this  year — along  with  the  An- 
nual Fund — he's  made  good  on  his  word. 

The  department's  five  photographers, 
plus  digital-imaging  specialist  Brent 
Clayton,  spend  much  of  the  morning 
out  on  the  lawn  creating  the  outlines 
of  a  2011  that  measures  more  than  fifty  feet 
from  bottom  to  top.  They  pound  wooden 
stakes  and  mark  lines  with  yellow  caution 
tape,  starting  with  a  rectangle,  then  subdi- 
viding it  and  working  from  there  to  outline 
each  numeral.  It's  hot  out,  and  they  soon 
begin  to  sweat. 


Hildreth  wants  to  see  how 
the  plot  looks  from  camera 
height.  He  climbs  onto  the 
center  lift  and  powers  it  up. 
It  begins  to  rise,  beeping  as  it  makes  its  way 
into  the  air.  Hildreth  keeps  his  eyes  trained 
on  the  circle.  At  about  thirty  feet,  he  gasps. 
"Oh  my  God,"  he  says  pointing  toward  the 
field.  "There's  our  frickin'  'Duke'  from  ten 
years  ago."  Sure  enough,  the  outlines  of  the 
letters  "D-U-K-E"  stand  out  a  little  greener 
than  the  sunounding  grass.  "The  chalk  must 
have  lime  in  it.  I  can't  think  of  anything 
else  that  would  make  it  green  up  like  that," 
he  says,  shaking  his  head. 

Extended  to  its  full  height,  the  lift  clears 
the  roofs  of  the  East  Campus  dorms.  It  af- 
fords a  view  of  Durham  to  the  East,  and 
Duke  Chapel  and  the  medical  center  to  the 
West.  It  also  wobbles,  ever  so  slightly. 

On  the  ground,  they  continue  to  measure 
off  distances,  pound  stakes,  and  lay  tape, 
which  will  later  be  traced  and  replaced  with 
fresh  chalk.  A  guy  from  Sunbelt,  the  com- 
pany that  owns  the  lifts,  comes  by  to  make 
sure  everything  is  in  functioning  order.  Hil- 
dreth invites  him  to  go  up  and  check  out 
the  view.  He  declines.  He's  afraid  of  heights. 
"I'll  rent  'em  to  you,  but  I  won't  go  up  in  'em." 

"The  real  secret"  to  the  project,  Hildreth 


has  said,  "is  figuring  out  how  many  bodies 
we  can  fit  in  each  number."  He  now  side- 
steps across  the  base  of  the  completed  num- 
ber 2.  "We  got  twenty  people  across,  easy," 
he  says.  The  photographers  line  up  along 
the  left  side  of  the  2,  and  take  turns  moving 
to  the  back  of  the  line,  counting  off.  "That's 
ten,  if  they  squeeze,"  Todd  says,  filling  the 
final  open  spot.  "So  that's  200  kids  right 
here  in  the  base  of  the  2."  The  photogra- 
phers load  heavy  bags  of  lighting  equipment 
onto  each  lift,  and  take  them  up  in  the  air 
to  get  angles  set. 

Throughout  the  day,  traffic  around  the  cir- 
cle is  heavy,  with  parents  still  around  help- 
ing students  fill  out  their  new  dorm  rooms. 
Photographer  Jon  Gardiner  catches  a  cou- 
ple in  a  van  taking  snapshots  of  the  team  at 
work,  and,  grinning,  takes  a  photograph  of 


22 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


BYTHE  NUMBERS 


iii 


circles  with  their  First- Year  Advisory  Coun- 
selors (FACs).  The  first-years  wear  white 
shirts  with  Duke  spelled  out  in  blue  across 
the  front. 

Hildreth  paces  the  circle  one  more  time, 
taking  a  final  set  of  light  readings  using  a 
handheld  meter.  He  directs  team  members 
to  narrow  a  light  beam  by  the  slightest  bit, 
or  shift  a  lamp  just  a  half-inch  to  the  left. 
It's  a  tiny  movement,  but  it  makes  all  the 
difference  when  the  light  hits  the  ground, 
fifty  feet  below. 

Just  before  8:00,  Hildreth  mounts  his  lift 
and  ascends.  As  darkness  settles  in,  he  gives 
senior  Geoff  Bass,  co-chair  of  the  FAC  pro- 
gram, the  signal,  and  Bass  begins  to  bark 
;  commands  through  the  bullhorn.  "Bassett, 
\'i  Brown,  Alspaugh,  Pegram,"  he  calls,  "fill  in 
_  the  second  1."  As  the  second  1  fills— base 
If  first,  then  top — he  directs  the  second  group, 
|  consisting  of  students  from  Wilson,  Jarvis, 
°"  Aycock,  Epworth,  and  Giles,  to  start  on  its 
them  to  add  to  a  slide  show  of  the  project  partner.  "I  always  worry  at  this  point  whether 
that  he  is  creating.  "Please  don't  use  those  there  will  be  too  many  or  not  enough  stu- 
photos,"  the  female  passenger  tells  him.  "Our  dents,"  Morr  says,  watching.  "But  it  always 
daughter  would  be  mortified."  works  out." 

A  mass  of  students  obscures  the  outlines 

At  7:40  p.m.,  the  photography  team  of  the  2  and  the  0,  but  in  minutes,  the  bor- 
members  move  to  their  respective  lifts,  ders  begin  to  sharpen.  Wandering  individu- 
power  up,  and  rise  into  the  air  around  als  and  small  groups  find  openings  and  fill 
the  circle.  On  either  side  of  the  quad,  them.  The  0  soon  emerges  from  the  mass, 
groups  of  first-years  are  gathering  in  small     and  the  2  follows. 


Bass  rings  the  bullhorn's  siren,  and  FACs  I 
who've  been  assisting  clear  out.  Hundreds  | 
of  intimate  conversations  held  within  close  | 
proximity,  almost  on  top  of  one  another,  = 
echo  like  the  sound  of  a  thousand  crickets 
on  a  summer  night. 

"Class  of  2011,  can  you  hear  me?"  Hil- 
dreth calls  out  through  his  bullhorn,  sixty 
feet  in  the  air.  He's  answered  by  1,700-odd 
members  of  the  class.  He  tells  them  he's  go- 
ing to  snap  photos  at  eight-second  inter- 
vals. Ready? 

The  bulbs  flash,  and  the  crowd,  suddenly 
illuminated  by  what  Hildreth  describes  as 
enough  power  "to  light  up  Cameron  Indoor 
Stadium  and  the  Dean  Dome  at  the  same 
time,"  lets  out  a  loud  "Oh!" 

Students  in  the  2  begin  counting  to  eight, 
like  Cameron  Crazies  counting  an  opposing 
team's  pregame  stretches,  and  Hildreth  plays 
along.  On  eight,  he  fires  again.  "Oh!" 

Eight  count,  blink,  Oh! 

Eight  count,  blink,  Oh! 

Over  and  over. 

"Own  it!"  he  tells  them. 

When  it's  over,  the  mass  of  white  T-shirts 
begins  to  disperse.  Hundreds  of  cell  phones 
flip  open,  and  hundreds  of  blue  glowing 
squares  move  silently  across  the  darkened 
quad.  Words  return,  but  for  a  moment,  it 
was  all  about  the  picture. 

— Jacob  Dagger 

November- December  2007         23 


Q&A 


Archival  Quality 


In  2001,  President  George  W.  Bush  issued 
Executive  Order  13233,  which  took  oversight  of 
presidential  records  away  from  the  National 
Archives  and  gave  it  to  the  White  House. 
Steven  Hensen,  then  president  of  the  Society  of 
American  Archivists,  became  involved  in  a  push 
to  overturn  that  order.  In  March  of  this  year,  he 
testified  before  a  U.S.  House  subcommittee 
considering  a  bill  that  would  do  just  that.  The 
bill  passed  the  House  with  wide  bipartisan 
support  and  now  awaits  action  in  the  Senate. 
Here  Hensen,  director  of  technical  services  for 
Duke's  Rare  Book,  Manuscript,  and  Special 
Collections  Library,  discusses  presidential  ar- 
chives and  government  secrecy. 

What  did  Executive  Order  13233  do? 

The  Executive  Order  overturned  key  provi- 
sions of  the  Presidential  Records  Act  of 
1978,  which  was  itself  a  response  to  the 
excesses  of  Watergate  and  the  very  real  fear 
that  [President  Richard  M.]  Nixon  [LL.B. 
'37]  would  completely  lock  up  the  records 
of  his  time  in  the  White  House,  and  there 
would  never  be  any  public  access  to  it. 
What  the  act  did  was  to  establish,  first  of 
all,  that  the  Archives  of  the  United  States 
had  primary  responsibility  for  presidential 
records.  And  it  also  set  up  a  regular 
timetable  under  which  records  and  presi- 
dential papers  would  be  released,  a  rolling 
twelve  years  from  the  time  of  creation, 
except  in  the  cases  of  a  legitimate  national- 
security  interest  or  legitimate  concerns  of 
executive  privilege. 

The  Executive  Order  essentially  makes 
the  point  that  for  purposes  of  executive 
privilege  and  national  security,  the  White 
House  should  have  control  over  [all  records]. 

The  order  was  released  soon  after  9/11 . 

The  Executive  Order  was  released  in 
October  of  2001 ,  and  a  number  of  people 


interpreted  it  as  yet  another  sort  of  nation- 
al-security thing  arising  from  the  events  of 
9/11.  But  in  fact,  what  I've  heard  from  peo- 
ple in  the  White  House  is  that  they  were 
working  on  this  Executive  Order  during  the 
previous  summer. 

It  was  interesting,  but  perhaps  just  a 
coincidence,  that  the  Executive  Order 
came  out  at  roughly  the  time  that  some 
of  the  records  of  the  Reagan  White  House 
were  getting  ready  to  be  released,  which 
just  so  happened  to  involve  people  like 
George  H.W  Bush,  Dick  Cheney,  and  oth- 
ers involved  in  Reagan's  administration. 

But  if  it's  not  explicitly  in  the  interest  of 
national  security,  then  why  the  push  to  keep 
those  records  private? 

I  personally  think  it's  part  of  this  adminis- 
tration's rather  more  expansive  view  of 
executive  power.  Jack  Goldsmith's  book 
The  Terror  Presidency  makes  this  point  from 
a  conservative  perspective,  that  Dick 
Cheney  and  George  Bush,  supported  by 
others  in  the  administration,  have  really 
felt  like  the  powers  of  the  executive  have 
been  eroded  dramatically  since  Watergate. 
And  they  have  felt,  rightly  or  wrongly,  that 
the  executive  branch  needs  more  power. 
Controlling  the  documentation  of  the 
administration  is  certainly  one  way  to  exer- 
cise that  executive  power. 

Have  any  of  the  Reagan  papers  been  made  public? 

They  have  been  slowly  released.  There's  a 
lawsuit  by  [the  nonprofit  government 
watchdog]  Public  Citizen  that  has  been 
ongoing  ever  since  before  the  Executive 
Order  to  speed  the  release  of  those  papers. 
This  is  related  to  the  issue  of  Freedom  of 
Information  Act  requests.  Twelve  years 
ago,  it  took  maybe  five  or  six  months  to  sat- 
isfy an  ordinary  Freedom  of  Information 
Act  request  by  a  citizen  for  a  government 
document.  It  now  takes  over  seven  years. 
Shortly  after  the  Executive  Order  was 
released,  [then  Attorney  General]  John 
Ashcroft  sent  a  memorandum  around  to  all 
the  executive-branch  agencies  that  said, 
whereas  under  the  Clinton  Administration 
the  burden  of  proof  was  on  the  government 


to  explain  why  a  request  should  not  be  ful- 
filled, the  burden  of  proof  is  on  the  citizen 
now  [to  prove  why  it  should]. 

What  kind  of  value  do  presidential  papers 
bring  to  the  public  once  they're  released? 

The  presidential  papers  are  essentially  the 
record  of  the  activities  of  the  White  House, 
and  in  a  system  of  accountable  government, 
the  record  of  the  government  activities  is 
what  that  accountability  is  based  upon. 
This  is  what  they  were  afraid  of  with 
Nixon.  That  any  sort  of  tampering  with  the 
record  can  seriously  damage  its  credibility. 
There's  the  historical  aspect  as  well,  and 
certainly  the  records  are  essential  to  create 
an  accurate  historical  record.  Historians 
will  interpret  things  differently,  but  if  the 
record's  filtered,  then  getting  at  the  truth  is 
much  more  difficult. 

You  often  hear  people  ranking  presidents  based 
on  their  accomplishments,  or  asking,  for  ex- 
ample, what  Bush's  historical  legacy  will  be.  It 
seems  that  that  could  depend,  to  some  extent,  on 
what  records  are  available  to  future  historians. 

Absolutely.  When  I  testified  before  the 
House  subcommittee,  one  of  the  other  wit- 
nesses was  Robert  Dallek,  who's  a  historian. 
He  just  wrote  a  big  book  on  Nixon  and 
Henry  Kissinger,  but  had  written  some  real- 
ly monumental  works  on  [Lyndon  Baines] 
Johnson  as  well. 

Given  all  of  the  tumult  surrounding  the 
Johnson  presidency,  with  the  antiwar 
movement,  the  Kennedy  assassination,  and 
all  of  the  conspiracy  stuff  that  was  floating 
around,  one  would  think  that  the  Johnson 
White  House  would  be  rather  more  careful 
in  guarding  the  record.  But  it  turns  out  that 
Lady  Bird  Johnson  had  all  these  tapes  that 
had  been  kept  in  the  White  House,  pretty 
much  as  they  had  been  in  the  Nixon  White 
House.  There  are  all  these  sort  of  unbut- 
toned deliberations.  It  has  not  only  aug- 
mented the  record,  but  has  given  Johnson  a 
kind  of  human  dimension. 

I  think  this  is  one  thing  that  the  current 
White  House  fails  to  grasp,  assuming  they're 
not  breaking  the  law.  If  in  fact  their  actions 
are  reflective  of  deliberative  policy-making, 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


they  ought  to  be  willing  to  stand  behind  it. 
What  you  get  is  a  sense  that  there's  some 
skullduggery  going  on  that  perhaps  they 
don't  want  the  public  to  know  about.  But  I 
suspect  it's  just  this  penchant  for  secrecy. 

In  Johnson's  case,  did  those  tapes  ultimately 
help  his  legacy,  or  hurt  it? 

I  think  the  more  truth  you  know,  the  more 
positive  it  is.  What  you  see  is  a  much  more 
nuanced  picture  of  the  person.  You  certain- 
ly see  that  with  the  Nixon  tapes.  One  could 
argue  that  what  we're  seeing  with  those 
conversations  would  probably  not  be  all 
that  flattering.  But  it  certainly  gives  you  a 
much  better  sense  of  the  person  occupying 
the  office.  When  that  is  coupled  with  the 
official  record,  you  get  what  we  as 
archivists  hope  is  an  accurate  record  of  the 
activities  of  a  given  administration. 

The  White  House  argues  that,  with  free 
and  ready  access  to  White  House  records, 
they  are  less  likely  to  get  good  advice.  That 
people  will  constantly  be  looking  over  their 
shoulder  [wondering],  What  is  posterity 
going  to  think  of  what  I'm  saying  right  now? 


But  the  level  of  candor  I've  seen  in 
records  is  pretty  astonishing.  People,  cer- 
tainly in  the  White  House,  are  not  igno- 
rant of  the  fact  that  what  they're  doing  is  of 
great  moment.  Dallek's  book  on  Kissinger 
was  written  using  what  they  call  telcons. 
Every  time  he  was  on  the  phone,  Kissinger, 
with  his  historical  ego,  had  a  secretary 
sitting  on  another  phone,  writing  down 
everything  that  was  said.  That  was  all  sort 
of  duly  recorded.  It  certainly  presents  a  very 
full  picture  of  Henry  Kissinger. 

Have  presidential  libraries  always  been  main- 
tained by  the  National  Archives! 

The  system  of  presidential  libraries  started 
under  Franklin  Delano  Roosevelt's  admin- 
istration. The  early  presidents'  and  found- 
ing fathers'  papers  are  at  the  Library  of 
Congress.  But  the  papers  of  presidents  dur- 
ing the  latter  part  of  the  nineteenth  and 
early  part  of  the  twentieth  century  are 
often  at  private  presidential  libraries,  where 
we  have  to  assume  that  the  family  has 
heavily  edited  the  record  of  their  actions 
and  accomplishments.  For  the  longest  time, 


there  was  no  real  sense  that  these  things 
were  all  that  important. 

Besides  the  Johnson  tapes,  can  you  give  other 
examples  of  archival  material  that's  been 
released  that  has  helped  to  reveal  some  hidden 
truth  or  context? 

I  spent  ten  years  working  in  the  manuscript 
division  of  the  Library  of  Congress  before  I 
came  to  Duke.  I've  always  thought  one  of  the 
most  fascinating  and  revealing  documents 
that's  buried  within  a  presidential  collec- 
tion is  Thomas  Jefferson's  rough  draft  of  the 
Declaration  of  Independence.  We  have  these 
epic  words.  We  feel  like  they  were  carved 
in  stone.  But  here  it  is,  this  paper,  all  scrib- 
bled up,  with  Benjamin  Franklin  writing 
some  comments  in  the  margin,  other  mem- 
bers of  the  Continental  Congress  saying, 
"Why  don't  you  say  it  this  way?"  When  you 
think  of  the  majesty  of  that  language,  at  that 
point  it  looks  like  some  student  term  paper. 
That's  one  of  the  fascinating  things  about 
working  in  an  archive — to  see  how  ideas  and 
policies  develop  as  reflected  in  the  record. 
— Jacob  Dagger 

November -December  2007         25 


The  New  Game  Theory 

Long  considered  a  vehicle  for  mindless  escapism, 

video  gaming  is  increasingly  becoming 
the  topic  of  serious  scholarship,    byjacob  dagger 


26         DUKE  MAGAZINE 


eady!"  And,  go.  He  rushes  left,  gobbling 
tiny  white  dots  along  the  way.  He  makes  a 
left  and  a  quick  right,  maneuvering  through 
the  black  labyrinth.  Now  he's  sailing,  in  the 
clear.  Seeing  an  orange  ghost  making  eyes 
at  him,  he  changes  course  and  heads  for  an 
energizer,  knowing  that  if  he  eats  it,  the 
ghost  will  be  temporarily  neutralized.  He's 
keeping  an  eye  out  for  drifting  fruit. 

In  some  ways,  it's  an  epic  struggle,  says  Ben- 
ny Schwartz.  But  when  you  get  right  down 
to  it,  Pac-Man  is  just  a  yellow  circle  with  a 
triangular  mouth.  Still,  he  says,  many  peo- 
ple have  interpreted  the  classic  arcade  game 
"as  a  metaphor  for  life." 

Schwartz  and  fellow  first-year  student 
Guillaume  Vanderschueren  have  created  a 
video  "podcast"  to  educate  the  other  stu- 
dents in  their  freshman  seminar  about  Pac- 
Man  and  other  early  computer  and  arcade 
games.  They  talk  about  these  games  the  way 
students  in  a  literature  class  might  discuss 
Moby-Dick  or  Beowulf. 

But  these  two  are  not  crazed  video-game 
addicts  hijacking  a  great-books  discussion. 
They're  simply  completing  an  assignment 
for  "How  They  Got  Game,"  a  course  offered 
by  the  Information  Science  and  Informa- 
tion Studies  (ISIS)  program  that  explores  the 
history  and  cultural  impact  of  video  games. 
Packaging  their  report  in  digital  form  in- 
stead of  delivering  it  live  gives  them  the 
opportunity  to  lay  their  voices  over  a  video 
track  that  includes  appropriate  sequences 
from  the  games  themselves. 

The  theme  of  the  course  might  sound  odd 
because,  to  many  people,  video  gaming  rep- 
resents either  an  entertaining  escape  from 
reality  or  a  mind-numbing  waste  of  time. 
But  to  a  growing  number  of  scholars,  ludol- 
ogy,  the  humanities-based  study  of  video 
games  and  game  history  and  culture,  has 
become  a  fascinating  academic  field.  And 
while  many  mainstream  news  stories  focus 
on  games  as  unhealthy  addictions,  these  same 
games  are  increasingly  being  picked  apart  as 
narratives,  their  characters  analyzed,  and 
their  cultural  influences  and  implications 
explored. 


H 


ow  They  Got  Game,"  taught  by  Tim 
Lenoir,  Kimberly  J.  Jenkins  Chair  of 
new  technologies  and  society,  is  the 
centerpiece  of  Duke's  freshman 
FOCUS  program  on  "Virtual  Realities:  Vis- 
ualizations, Imagined  Worlds  and  Games," 


now  in  its  second  year.  (FOCUS  programs 
incorporate  a  cluster  of  courses  that  share 
a  common  theme.)  The  virtual-realities 
program  includes  four  courses  in  addition  to 
Lenoir's,  in  the  fields  of  visual  studies,  in- 
formation science,  computer  science,  and 
classical  studies. 

It  has  a  universal  academic  flavor,  with  a 
twist,  says  Cathy  Davidson,  Ruth  F.  Devar- 
ney  Professor  of  English  and  interim  direc- 
tor of  the  John  Hope  Franklin  Humanities 
Institute,  where  the  ISIS  program  is  based. 
Focusing  on  virtual  realities,  and  on  video 
games  in  particular,  allows  Lenoir  and  his 
colleagues  to  teach  students  "how  to  think 
critically  about  this  medium  that  they're  so 
involved  in  and  use  it  to  study  other  things," 
Davidson  says. 

Each  course  approaches  the  topic  of  gam- 
ing from  the  perspective  of  a  particular  dis- 
cipline. For  instance,  the  computer-science 
course  focuses  on  basic  programming  that  is 
applicable  to  games  and  other  software.  The 
classical-studies  course  examines,  among 
other  things,  the  history  and  myths  that 
have  influenced  the  themes  of  modern  fan- 
tasy games  such  as  World  of  Warcraft  and 
the  research  that  goes  into  creating  their 
worlds  and  characters. 

In  Lenoir's  "How  They  Got  Game,"  the 
FOCUS  cluster's  flagship  course,  students 
begin  the  semester  exploring  what  consti- 
tutes a  game,  reading  articles  by  new  video- 
game theorists,  as  well  as  academics  who 
wrote  about  games  long  before  the  digital 
variety  existed.  Among  other  things,  scholars 
argue  about  the  role  that  fun,  the  sense  of 
challenge,  consequences,  and  a  player's  in- 
tent or  seriousness  play  in  defining  a  game. 
Students  explore  the  evolution  of  games 
both  in  terms  of  technology  and  the  ways  in 
which  the  content  responds  to  cultural 
themes.  When  they  talk  about  the  game 
Wolfenstein  3D,  for  example,  they  discuss 
both  its  importance  as  the  first  commercial- 
ly successful  "first-person  shooter"  (instead 
of  manipulating  an  animated  character,  the 
player  "becomes"  part  of  the  game,  and  the 
action  is  seen  through  his  eyes)  and  the  cul- 
tural significance  of  a  World  War  Il-themed 
game  in  which  the  object  is  to  kill  Nazis. 
Freshman  Ben  Arnstein  suggests  that  a  World 
War  II  theme  was  more  marketable  than, 
say,  a  Vietnam  War  theme,  because  World 
War  II  was  "a  more  archetypal  'good-versus- 


cvu  war. 


November  -  December  2007 


In  other  class  periods,  they  use  critical 
theory  to  explore  narrative  concepts  and 
point  of  view  in  games,  and  games  as  art. 
They  learn  about  the  role  the  military  has 
played  in  pushing  the  limits  of  game  devel- 
opment while  trying  to  create  realistic  bat- 
tle simulations.  They  study  social  networks 
using  "massively  multiplayer"  online  role- 
playing  games,  which  can  involve  tens  of 
thousands  of  players  participating  at  once. 
They  read  articles  discussing  whether  vio- 
lent games  ranging  from  the  early  first-per- 
son shooters  to  those  from  the  infamous 
Grand  Theft  Auto  series  inspire  real  vio- 
lence. They  study  the  case  for  gaming  ad- 
diction as  a  real  disease. 

Each  week,  pairs  of  students  air  digital 
videos  that  they've  created  to  discuss  the 
issues  of  the  day.  Often,  the  videos  feature 
sequences  lifted  from  games  to  demonstrate 
principal  theories.  Lenoir  also  sets  aside 
time  each  week  for  students  familiar  with 
the  various  games  they  study  to  "demo"  the 
games  live  for  the  class.  Last  year  Lenoir  was 
so  impressed  with  the  creative  and  artistic 
output  of  his  students  that  he  approached 
the  Nasher  Museum  of  Art  about  setting  up 
a  display  of  the  videos.  When  he  was  in- 
formed that  the  Nasher  does  not  display 
student  art,  he  and  his  students  sought  an 
alternate  approach.  In  Second  Life,  an  on- 
line simulated  world,  they  built  a  virtual 
Nasher  and  posted  the  videos  there. 

Many  of  the  students  who  enroll  in  the 
gaming  FOCUS  are  avid  gamers,  but  not  all. 
Julia  Chou,  a  sophomore  who  took  Lenoir's 
class  last  year,  grew  up  with  a  brother  who 
played  games  all  the  time,  but  stayed  away 
from  them  herself.  Still,  she  was  intrigued 
by  the  concept  of  studying  them  and  likes 
the  idea  of  a  new  field  that  has  many  angles 


GAME  TIME! 

In  Spacewar!  (1962),  the  granddaddy  of  all  games,  two 
player-controlled  spaceships,  represented  by  simple  icons, 
battled  each  other  while  maneuvering  to  avoid  being 
sucked  into  a  gravity  well.  But,  as  time  went  on,  games 
evolved  to  include  narrative  structures,  levels  with  distinct 
objectives,  customized  characters,  and  complex  graphics. 
Tim  Lenoir,  Duke  professor  and  video  game  expert,  shares 
some  of  his  picks  for  the  most  important  games  ever. 


has  since  been  overshadowed  by  graphical  [as  opposed  to 
purely  textual]  t 


RUyjjlAMjjMj]  (1985) 

Full  of  innovative  design  features.  It  was  the 
first  to  use  a  level  structure,  with  worlds 
composed  of  four  levels  each.  Instead  of 
limiting  themes  and  environments  to  a  level, 
the  game  allows  them  to  grow  and  change 
as  the  player  progresses  through  the  world. 


(1980) 

Greatest  text-based,  interactive-fiction  game.  You  could 
type  in  full  sentences  instead  of  just  two-word  commands, 
as  in  previous  text-based  games.  It  made  the  interaction 
seem  like  a  conversation  and  hinted  at  the  social  and  politi 
cal  uses  of  truly  interactive  fiction — an  opportunity  that 


left  unexamined.  She's  considering  working 
with  Lenoir  on  independent  video-game  re- 
search, which  in  an  odd  way,  she  says,  is 
"more  academic"  than  her  current  job  work- 
ing with  mice  in  a  science  lab. 

Lenoir  is,  by  training,  a  historian  of  sci- 
ence. His  initial  interest  in  video  games 
stemmed  from  research  he  conducted  on  the 
military's  battle  simulations  and  the  idea  of 
the  "military-entertainment  complex,"  or 
the  ties  between  simulations  developed  by 


the  military  and  commercially  available  war 
games.  Before  coming  to  Duke  in  2004,  Le- 
noir was  a  professor  of  history  and  chair  of 
the  Program  in  History  and  Philosophy  of 
Science  at  Stanford  University.  In  the  late 
1990s,  he  collaborated  with  Henry  Lowood, 
an  archivist  at  Stanford  who  shared  his  in- 
terest in  military  games,  to  establish  a  new 
research  project  that  they  called  "How 
They  Got  Game."  Part  of  the  project  was  an 
undergraduate  course  that  focused  on  the 


Worlds  within  worlds:  In  the  virtual  g 

created  by  Lenoir  and  his  j 

students,  avatars  view  exhibit  on  social  j= 

commentary  in  video  games  1 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


1993) 

Breakthrough  first-person  shooter  with  great  graphics  and 
character  mobility.  It  let  the  player  feel  immersed  in  the 
game  like  never  before.  In  addition,  the  creators  released 
the  game  code  over  the  Internet  so  that  gamers  could  build 
their  own  "mods,"  or  modifications.  This  revolutionized 
game  production  and  contributed  to  the  larger  open-source 
movement,  which  spawned  sites  like  Wikipedia. 


First  commercially  successful,  graph 
intensive,  multiplayer  game.  This  pi 
uct  merged  the  storyline  and  featui 
the  Ultima  role-playing  game  series 
with  the  implementation  ideas  and 
pacing  of  multi-user  dungeon  games.  It 
was  one  of  the  first  online  games  to  have 
its  items  and  characters  sold  on  eBay. 

history  of  computer-game  de- 
sign, exploring  themes  of  busi- 
ness, culture,  and  technology. 
When  Lenoir  came  to  Duke, 
he  brought  the  class  with  him. 
He  initially  taught  the  course 
as  an  upper-level  seminar,  but 
last  year,  folded  it  into  the 
FOCUS  program. 


jhically 


) 

Set  in  a  postmodern,  high-tech  world  where  robots  and  bio- 
engineered  mutants  co-exist  with  humans  and  dragons. 
Shinra  Inc.,  an  evil  mega-corporation  responsible  for  all  of 
the  world's  high  technology,  is  sapping  energy  sources  of  the 
planet  and  upsetting  the  balance  of  nature.  A  rebel  group  of 
disenfranchised  citizens  oppose  Shinra's  ambitions.  The  game 
has  incredible  graphics  and  artwork  for  the  period,  and  mini- 
games  within  the  main  narrative  advance  the  plot  and  allow 
the  player  to  explore  the  game  world.  This  was  the  first  game 
to  substantially  integrate  high-quality  video  that  merged 
seamlessly  with  the  gameplay  to  provide  a  cinematic  feel. 

^^^^^^ 

Phenomenal  graphics  and  grip- 
ping story  line.  The  zoom-scopes 
t  weapons  are  a  great  deal  of 


fun  to  use.  But  the  best  feature  is  the  cadre  of  allies  con- 
trolled by  artificial  intelligence,  each  with  its  own  individual 
face,  voice,  expression,  and  attitude.  The  detail  is  incredible. 
Different  accents  ring  out  all  over  the  battlefield. 

^^^^^^^^^^g  (2004) 

Player  takes  on  the  role  of  an  ex-gangbanger  who  has 
returned  home  after  the  death  of  his  mother.  He  finds  his 
old  'hood  torn  apart.  Corrupt  police  officers  frame  him  for 
murder.  Multiple  threads  of  parallel  story  lines  converge 
at  different  points.  You  might  find  yourself  sneaking  into 
military  bases,  hijacking  cars,  scaring  people  with  some 
aggressive  driving  (and  the  person  tied  to  the  windshield). 
The  game  has  a  role-playing  system:  You  can  work  out, 
improve  your  wardrobe,  get  tattoos,  etc.  A  dynamic  world 
where,  as  you  help  your  'hood,  more  people  join  you. 
Unusual  potential  for  social  commentary. 


"Ifyousay'Pac-Man 
was  a  classic,' what 
does  that  really  mean? 
That  it  was  a  technical 
milestone?  That  it 
was  really  popular? 
That  people  look  back 
fondly  on  it?" 


u 


T 


he  themes  visited  by  Lenoir's  class  are 
the  grist  of  the  rapidly  turning  modern- 
game-studies  mill.  Video  games  have 
been  around,  in  one  form  or  another, 
almost  as  long  as  computers,  and  articles 
analyzing  games  have  been  published  in 
scholarly  journals  since  at  least  the  early 
1980s.  But  until  2000,  scholarly  production 
in  the  field  was  sparse,  says  Jesper  Juul,  a 
noted  game  theorist,  game  designer,  and  co- 
editor  of  the  online  journal  Game  Studies. 
The  beginning  of  the  decade  was  a  turning 
point  for  the  field.  In  2000  and  2001,  sever- 
al academic  conferences  and  journals,  in- 
cluding Game  Studies,  appeared  for  the  first 
time.  Juul,  who  has  a  background  in  the  hu- 
manities and  earned  his  Ph.D.  in  video- 
game studies  from  the  IT  University  of  Co- 
penhagen, says  that  the  field  rose  out  of  a 
sort  of  "distributed  critical  mass"  that  had 
been  slowly  gathering. 

It's  probably  not  a  coincidence  that  2000 
was  also  the  first  year  that  Lenoir  and  Lo- 
wood  taught  "How  They  Got  Game"  at 
Stanford.  In  writing  the  syllabus,  they  had 
planned  for  a  small  seminar  of  fifteen  to 
twenty  students,  Lowood  says.  But  they  were 
overwhelmed  when  more  than  100  showed 
up.  "They  were  climbing  in  through  the  win- 
dows. The  fire  marshal  came,"  he  recalls. 
"That  just  shows  the  kind  of  pent-up  inter- 


est there  was"  in  game  stud- 
ies. He  remembers  a  partic- 
ularly telling  moment  dur- 
ing one  class  discussion  that 
first  semester.  A  student  was 
discussing  ways  in  which 
the  idea  of  character  is  dif- 
ferent in  the  classic  Ninten- 
do games  The  Legend  of  Zel- 
da  and  Super  Mario  Bros., 
Lowood  recalls.  "He  stopped  right  in  the 
middle  of  what  he  was  saying  and  looked 
around.  Everyone  was  listening  to  him  in- 
tently. He  said,  'God,  I  love  this  class.'  " 

Since  that  time  the  critical  mass  has  con- 
tinued to  grow  and  expand,  bringing  with  it 
a  sense  of  legitimacy.  In  the  early  days,  Juul 
says,  "every  paper  we  wrote  started  out  with 
the  question,  'Why  should  you  study  video 
games?'  Now  we  don't  have  to  do  that  any- 
more." 

The  resulting  rise  in  critical  scholarship 
has  been  reflected  in  the  publishing  world. 
Doug  Sery,  senior  acquisitions  editor  for 
computer  science,  new  media,  and  game 
studies  at  the  MIT  Press,  published  his  first 
game-studies  book  in  2001.  Now  he  esti- 
mates that  he  receives  five  to  seven  book 
proposals  a  month  on  the  topic  of  video 
games.  This  year,  he'll  publish  four.  He  has 
contracts  with  writers  for  five  more  and  is 
considering  another  five  to  seven  projects. 

This  past  summer,  the  Library  of  Con- 
gress announced  an  initiative  aimed  at  pre- 
serving games  and  real-time  clips  of  online 
game  environments  for  future  study.  Earlier 
in  the  year,  the  Center  for  American  His- 
tory at  the  University  of  Texas  at  Austin 
announced  the  creation  of  a  new  archive  of 
video  games  and  systems;  marketing  materi- 
als, magazines,  and  websites;  and  documents 


relating  to  the  game-design  business.  (Al- 
though these  are  groundbreaking  events, 
they  came  seven  years  after  Lenoir  and  Lo- 
wood oversaw  the  creation  of  a  massive 
video-game  archive  at  Stanford  that  started 
with  a  donation  of  some  25,000  titles — rep- 
resenting nearly  every  game  published  com- 
mercially from  the  1970s  through  1993 — 
from  the  family  of  an  avid  collector.) 

The  Digital  Games  Research  Associa- 
tion, which  describes  itself  as  an  "associa- 
tion for  academics  and  professionals  who 
research  digital  games  and  associated  phe- 
nomena," drew  355  delegates  from  twenty- 
nine  countries  to  its  most  recent  biennial 
conference,  held  in  Tokyo  in  September. 
The  organization's  website,  which  notifies 
members  of  other  relevant  video-game  con- 
ferences around  the  world,  listed  seven  for 
that  month  alone  in  addition  to  its  own. 

On  the  flip  side,  the  video-gaming  industry 
has  also  become  more  accepting  of  scholars, 
Juul  says.  In  fact,  in  recent  years,  it  has  un- 
dertaken collaborations  with  many  West 
Coast  universities,  along  with  the  movie 
industry.  "In  the  early  days,  they  were  skep- 
tical of  academics.  They  saw  them  as  back- 
seat drivers."  Now,  Juul  says,  the  industry 
values  those  educated  in  game  studies  not 
only  for  their  skill  at  game  design,  but  also 
for  helping  to  develop  a  common  industry 
language,  analyze  the  industry's  audience, 
and  give  the  industry  itself  an  additional 
layer  of  legitimacy. 

A  sampling  of  articles  from  a  recent  issue 
of  Game  Studies  hints  at  the  range  of  topics 
covered  by  the  field — and  the  types  of  schol- 
ars covering  them:  A  lecturer  in  new  media 
and  media  theory  at  Victoria  University  in 
New  Zealand  writes  on  "the  gamer  addic- 
tion myth";  a  Ph.D.  candidate  in  computer 


November  -  December  2007 


29 


and  information  science  at  the  University  of 
Pennsylvania  analyzes  an  early  game  called 
Combat;  an  avid  gamer  with  a  background 
in  psychology  compares  personalities  of 
people  who  play  The  Sims  2  with  those  of 
their  avatars,  or  virtual  counterparts;  and  a 
professor  of  Japanese  studies  writes  on  Ja- 
panese games  and  the  global  marketplace. 

Other  academics  in  the  field  have  made 
names  for  themselves  developing  "serious" 
games — games  created  not  for  entertain- 
ment or  commercial  success  but  as  vehicles 
for  social  critique  or  education.  Some  deal 
with  war  or  famine.  One  game  created  by 
Ian  Bogost,  an  assistant  professor  at  the 
Georgia  Institute  of  Technology  and  found- 


World  of  Warcraft  (WoW).  In  the  massive- 
ly multiplayer  game,  thousands  of  players 
compete  individually  and  in  small  "guilds." 
Their  avatars  fight  monsters,  explore  new 
landscapes,  and  complete  "quests"  to  earn 
currency  and  objects  such  as  weapons  and 
armor  and  to  ascend  to  more  challenging 
(and  prestigious)  levels.  The  corrupted  blood, 
intended  by  the  game's  creators  as  a  chal- 
lenging obstacle  for  advanced 
players,  was  released  in  an  area 
of  the  game  accessible  only  to 
those  players. 

However,  as  the  researchers 
wrote  in  The  Lancet:  Infectious 
Diseases,  "Soon,  the  disease  had 


Students  study  social 
networks  using 
"massively  multi- 
player"  online  role- 
playing  games,  which 
can  involve  tens  of 
thousands  of  players 
participating  at  once. 


playing  games  like  WoW,  as  new  models 

for  scientific  research. 

Peter  North,  a  senior  who  is  an  avid 

WoW  player,  remembers  the  virus  well. 

"It  was  really  cool,"  he  says.  "That's  sort  of 

a  historical  event  for  World  of  Warcraft 

players." 

But  while  he  recognizes  that  there  are 

similarities  between  behavior  in  the  vir- 
tual world  of  WoW  and 
in  real  life,  he  cautions 
against  making  direct 
comparisons.  In  real  life, 
he  says,  "nobody  would 
think  it  was  funny  if  they 
ran  into  a  biohazard  and 
then  went  and  hugged 
all  of  their  friends." 
North  has  done  some  re- 


ing  partner  of  the  game-design  studio  Per- 
suasive Games,  essentially  lets  the  player  see 
how  boring  it  is  to  work  at  FedEx  Kinko's. 

Video  games  have  also  begun  to  gain  a  rep- 
utation as  tools  for  research  in  more  main- 
stream fields.  Many  universities  have  been 
active  in  posting  academic  resources  and 
hosting  meetings  in  Second  Life,  the  online 
world  that  many  compare  to  a  video  game 
(though  others  argue  is  not,  because  players  do 
not  seek  to  achieve  some  set  purpose  or  ob- 
jective). Duke's  Office  of  Student  Affairs  has 
set  up  space  there,  as  has  the  ISIS  program. 

In  August,  epidemiological  researchers  at 
Tufts  University  made  national  headlines 
with  a  journal  article  that  explored  the  epi- 
demic spread  of  a  virtual  virus  called  Cor- 
rupted Blood  through  the  online  game 


spread  to  the  densely  populated  capital 
cities  of  the  fantasy  world,  causing  high 
rates  of  mortality  and,  much  more  impor- 
tantly, the  social  chaos  that  comes  from  a 
large-scale  outbreak  of  deadly  disease."  They 
analyzed  the  spread  of  the  virtual  outbreak 
and  concluded  that  such  phenomena  could 
serve  as  useful  models  for  scientists  studying 
the  spread  of  disease  through  human  net- 
works. 

A  similar  article,  written  by  a  researcher  at 
Ben-Gurion  University  of  the  Negev  in  Is- 
rael, appeared  in  the  journal  Epidemic.  Not 
long  after  the  results  of  these  studies  were 
released,  the  journal  Science  published  an 
article  hailing  video-game  environments, 
especially  large-scale  simulations  like  Second 
Life  and  massively  multiplayer  online  role- 


search  of  his  own  aimed 
at  comparing  avatars'  be- 
havior in  WoW  to  hu- 
man behavior  in  the  real 
world. 

In  one  experiment,  he  tested  avatars'  ten- 
dency to  bend  to  peer  pressure.  Anonymous 
players  were  recruited  and  asked  to  compare 
a  weapon  in  one  room  with  three  in  another, 
then  to  say  which  of  the  three  it  matched. 
Ten  "confederates"  were  placed  in  the  sec- 
ond room,  all  instructed  to  give  the  same 
wrong  answer.  He  found  that  avatars  were 
much  more  likely  to  give  the  right  answer 
despite  peer  pressure  than  humans  in  a  simi- 
lar experiment.  But  he  also  found  that  the 
more  time  and  energy  an  avatar  had  taken 
to  build,  the  more  likely  the  person  behind 
it  was  to  go  with  the  group. 

In  a  second  experiment,  he  attempted  to 
recreate  the  traditional  "prisoner's  dilem- 
ma" from  economic  game  theory  in  WoW. 
In  the  traditional  form,  two  alleged  "crimi- 
nal conspirators"  are  caught,  isolated,  and 
then  offered  reduced  sentences  in  return  for 
ratting  on  each  other.  The  best  collective 
result  occurs  if  neither  rats  on  the  other,  but 
there  is  always  an  incentive  to  rat  on  the 
other  person.  This  changes  if  the  game  is 
administered  repeatedly,  and  trust  develops 
between  the  two  players. 

In  his  online  version  of  the  experiment, 
which  he  modified  slightly  to  fit  the  WoW 
setting,  North  found  that  players  usually 
just  raced  to  rat  on  each  other,  even  in 
repeated  games.  Followers  of  WoW  argue 
that  collaboration  is  absolutely  necessary  to 
achieving  success  in  the  game,  but  North 
speculates  that  "within  virtual  realms,  peo- 
ple don't  feel  the  same  sense  of  consequence 


30 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


or  responsibility  for  their  actions.  There  is  a 
definite  distinction  between  a  person  and 
their  avatar."  He  says  he's  interested  in  fur- 
ther studies  examining  the  differences  be- 
tween how  people  make  decisions  and  be- 
have in  virtual  worlds  and  in  real  life. 

Despite  its  rapid  growth — and,  ironi- 
cally, in  some  ways  because  of  it — 
the  field  of  video-game  studies  still 
faces  some  major  obstacles,  not  the 
least  of  which  is  finding  a  departmental 
home.  Henry  Lowood  of  Stanford  and  Tim 
Lenoir  both  came  of  age  as  academics  study- 
ing the  history  of  science  just  as  the  field 
was  securing  a  permanent  seat  at  the  table. 
"It  was  a  brand  new  discipline  in  the  '50s, 
and  just  finally  establishing  itself  in  the 
'80s,"  Lowood  says.  "What  took  the  history 


of  science  thirty  years  has  been  com- 
pressed into  maybe  three  years  in  game 
studies. 

"Universities  are  big  battleships,"  he 
continues.  "They're  not  designed  to  turn 
like  a  car.  So  with  something  like  this, 
it's  difficult  for  a  university  to  respond. 
Does  that  mean  that  there  have  to  be 
game  studies  departments?  At  least  there 
has  to  be  a  faculty  member  in  a  depart- 
ment that  studies  it.  So,  in  what  depart- 
ment? Computer  science?  A  humanities 
field?  An  arts  field?"  The  multidisciplinary 
nature  of  the  field  that  is  in  many  ways  a 
strength  can  thus  also  be  seen  as  an  organi- 
zational weakness,  he  says. 

In  addition,  the  field's  rapid  rise,  as  well 
as  its  focus  on  what  is,  essentially,  popular 
culture — or  by  its  own  account,  another 
"new  media" — is  sure  to  rub  some  in  acad- 
eme the  wrong  way.  Negar  Mottahedeh,  an 
assistant  professor  of  literature  at  Duke,  sees 
a  parallel  between  video-game  studies  and 
the  more  established  discipline  of  film  stud- 
ies, which  gained  a  foothold  in  American 
universities  in  the  late  1970s  and  early 
1980s.  Film  scholars  who  "read  film  in  a 
cultural  context  or  as  part  of  an  amalgama- 
tion of  cultural  forms"  are  often  criticized  by 
other  academics  for  having  "allowed  for  too 
much  relativism  and  interpretation,"  says 
Mottahedeh,  who  teaches  an  "Introduction 
to  Film"  course.  In  other  words,  she  says,  they 
argue  that  "anybody  can  say  anything  about 
something,  and  it's  right." 

But  Mottahedeh  argues  that  context  is 
important.  A  film  like  The  Bourne  Ultimatum 
may  not  be  an  instant  classic  in  a  tradition- 
al sense,  but  it's  interesting  to  consider  as  a 
function  of  globalization  and  to  "read"  in 


Breaking  the  law: 
Main  character  C.J. 
Johnson  flees  from 
police  helicopters  in 
Grand  Theft  Auto: 
San  Andreas 


s  Another  world:  In 
i  Second  Life,  avatars 
|  enjoy  a  pool, 
i  left,  and  a  party 


the  context  of  contemporary  wars,  she  says. 
Considerations  like  these  help  to  distin- 
guish film  studies  from  "film  appreciation." 
In  the  same  way,  video-game  studies  must 
continue  to  make  a  case  for  itself,  says  Vic- 
toria Szabo,  program  director  for  ISIS  and 
another  of  the  instructors  for  the  FOCUS 
virtual-realities  cluster.  In  order  to  make  the 
full  leap  to  academic  legitimacy,  she  says, 
the  discipline's  canon  ot  texts — both  the 
scholarly  writing  and  the  games  them- 
selves— "must  undergo  lasting  scrutiny." 


"If  you're  looking  for  a  range  of  exemplary 
texts  that  pass  the  test  of  time,  game  studies 
at  this  point  may  or  may  not  fit  the  bill," 
she  says.  "If  you  say  'Pac-Man  was  a  classic,' 
what  does  that  really  mean?  That  it  was  a 
technical  milestone?  That  it  was  really  pop- 
ular? That  people  look  back  fondly  on  it?" 

Those  are  questions  that  excite  scholars 
like  Juul,  as  well  as  students  like  Schwartz 
and  Chou.  They  relish  the  opportunities 
present  in  this  new  scholarly  landscape,  as 
yet  unexplored.  ■ 


November-December  2007 


Charting  the  Mysteries  of  Health  and  Disease 

BY    BRIDGET    BOOHER    •    PHOTOS    BY    BILL    BAMBERGER 


Persian  hand-colored  sketch  of  the  arterial  system  from  Tashrlh-i  badan-i  insan,  a  seventeenth-century  copy 
of  late  fourteenth-century  Persian  manuscript,  by  Mansur  Ibn  Muhammad  ibn  Ahmad  ibn  Yusuf  ibn  llyas 


THE   HISTORY   OF   MEDICINE   COLLECTIONS  — 

a  stunning  assortment  of  rare  medical  texts  and  manuscripts, 

instruments,  artifacts,  and  artwork — offer  glimpses  into 

how  our  knowledge  about  the  human  condition  has  evolved. 


We  marvel  at  modern  medi- 
cine's ability  to  heal  life-threat- 
ening injuries,  prolong  lives,  and 
cure  diseases.  And  yet,  as  any  phy- 
sician will  tell  you,  medicine  is  an  imprecise 
science.  A  cell  undergoes  permutation  or  an 
organ  fails,  and  no  number  of  pills  or  proce- 
dures can  help.  A  full  understanding  of  the 
intricacies  of  the  human  body — the  fragile 
sack  of  liquids,  organs,  nerves,  and  bones 
that  propels  us  through  our  brief,  mortal 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


existence — remains  elusive. 

On  the  ground  floor  of  the  Duke  Univer- 
sity Medical  Center  Library,  a  stone's  throw 
from  labs  in  which  researchers  conduct  ex- 
perimental drug  protocols  and  doctors  per- 
form groundbreaking  surgical  procedures, 
the  History  of  Medicine  Collections  offer 
glimpses  into  how  our  knowledge  about  the 
human  condition  has  evolved  It's  a  stun- 
ning assortment  of  rare  medical  texts  and 
manuscripts,  instruments,  artifacts,  and  art- 


work. On  display  are  doctors'  bags,  home 
medicine  chests,  early-sixteenth-century 
Italian  apothecary  jars,  portable  syringe  kits, 
dauntingly  large  amputation  saws,  a  box  of 
blue-iris  glass  eyes,  a  late-eighteenth-centu- 
ry horseshoe  tourniquet,  and  an  exquisite 
array  of  ivory  anatomical  manikins  from 
Western  Europe. 

The  most  valuable  item  in  the  collections, 
says  curator  Suzanne  Porter,  is  a  first  edition 
of  British  physician  William  Harvey's  Exer- 


Human  nature:  clockwise  from  left,  colored 
lithograph  by  Charlotte  C.  Sowerby  of  the  medicinal 
sarsapai  ilia  plant,  from  The  Flora  Homeopathica, 
published  in  the  mid-nineteenth  century;  carved 
ivory  manikin  from  the  seventeenth  or  eighteenth 
century,  used  to  explain  anatomy  and  illness 
to  lay  doctors  and  patients;  steel  engraving  by 
Ambroise  Tardieu  of  a  dementia  patient  from 
Des  maladies  mentales,  published  in  1838 


November  -  December  2007 


citatio  Anatomica  de  Motu  Cordis  et  Sanguinis 
in  Animalibus,  a  landmark  text  published  in 
1628  in  which  he  accurately  detailed  the 
circulation  of  blood.  Kept  with  other  pre- 
cious volumes  in  a  walk-in  safe,  the  Harvey 
book  contains  meticulously  recorded  hand- 
written notations  by  previous  owners  and 
collectors  documenting  its  provenance. 

Porter  explains  that  the  core  of  the  col- 
lections was  assembled  by  Josiah  Charles 
Trent,  the  founding  chief  of  the  division  of 
thoracic  surgery  at  Duke.  For  Christmas  in 
1938,  the  young  intern  received  a  rare  copy 
of  William  Beaumont's  Experiments  and  Ob- 
servations on  the  Gastric  juice  and  the  Physi- 
ology of  Digestion.  The  gift  "carried  the  deadly 
virus  of  bibliomania,"  Trent  wrote.  For  the 
next  ten  years,  until  his  premature  death  in 
1948  at  the  age  of  thirty-four,  he  amassed, 
with  assistance  from  dealers  in  rare  medical 
books,  a  remarkable  array  of  materials. 

In  1956,  Trent's  widow,  Mary  D.B.T  Se- 
mans  '39,  Hon.  '83,  donated  the  Trent  collec- 
tion— 4,000  books  and  2,500  manuscripts 
— to  the  medical  library.  In  addition  to  the 
Trent  Collection,  the  History  of  Medicine 
Collections  comprise  8,000  volumes  of  med- 
ical journals  and  books  donated  by  the 
Georgia  Medical  Society,  rare  and  historical 
manuscripts,  a  collection  of  works  by  Duke 


authors,  and  non-print  materials  that  range 
from  a  medicinal  herb  garden  to  bloodlet- 
ting equipment  to  a  wooden  stethoscope 
with  an  ivory  earpiece. 

The  collections  contain  the  only  known 
copy  of  The  Four  Seasons,  four  seventeenth- 
century  copperplate  engravings  that  illus- 
trate human  anatomy  over  four  stages  of 
life.  Also  included:  one  of  the  last  surviving 
hand-colored  copies  of  the  first  edition  of 
George  Bartisch's  Ophthalmod ndeia  (1583), 
the  first  systematic  work  on  eye  diseases  and 
surgery,  and  manuscripts  by  William  Osier, 
a  Canadian  physician  and  co-founder  of 
the  Johns  Hopkins  Hospital  (Wilburt  C. 
Davison,  the  founding  dean  of  Duke's  med- 
ical school,  studied  with  Osier  as  a  Rhodes 
Scholar  from  1913  to  1916). 

"Even  though  our  collection  is  relatively 
young,"  says  Porter,  "we  have  virtually  all 
milestone  works  in  the  history  of  Western 
medicine."  She  points  out  her  own  favorite 
item:  a  has  relief  memento  mori  from  the 
mid-seventeenth  century.  Carved  from  a 
single  piece  of  ivory  and  based  on  anatomi- 
cal illustrations  by  Andreas  Vesalius,  the 
intricate  artwork  depicts  a  skeleton,  a  flow- 
ing scarf  draped  around  its  neck  and  arms, 
contemplating  the  eventual  fate  of  all  man- 
kind. At  its  feet,  symbols  of  wealth  and 


Life  cycles:  opposite,  memento  mori  tomb  scene 
carved  from  a  single  piece  of  ivory,  c.  1650,  artist  and 
origin  unknown;  below,  one  of  four  engravings  from 
The  Four  Seasons,  mid-seventeenth-century  work 
depicting  birth,  youth,  adulthood,  and  old  age;  during 
the  Ming  Dynasty,  segregation  between  the  sexes  was 
strictly  enforced,  so  female  patients  would  mark  the 
location  of  their  ailing  body  part  on  an  ivory  "doctor's 
lady"  that  Chinese  physicians  used  for  diagnosis 


i   * 

BP* 

social  status — a  knight's  hel- 
met, a  farmer's  working  tools,  a 
king's  crown — are  scattered  about 
in  a  jumble  of  earthly  refuse.  Vesa- 
lius'  De  Humani  Corporis  Fabrica, 
published  in  1543,  was  a  comprehen- 
sive study  of  the  human  body,  widely 
considered  to  be  the  first  anatomically 
accurate  medical  textbook. 

Just  off  the  main  reading  room  is 
the  Trent  Room,  built 
in  1956  in  honor  of 
Josiah  Trent.  Or- 
iginally housed  in 
the  Davison  Build- 
ing, the  room  was 
dismantled  and  re- 
built in  its  current  lo- 
cation in  1975.  Heavy  cur- 
tains, a  decorative  fireplace,  and  row  after  row 
of  historic  volumes  evoke  an  English  country 
house  circa  1720.  The  walls  of  the  cool,  dark 
room  are  covered  in  pine  paneling  that  origi- 
nally had  been  installed  in  the  library  of  the 
Duke  of  Richmond's  house  in  Plaistow, 
England. 

The  room  houses  select,  rare  volumes  from 
the  Trent  Collection  and  a  variety  of  medical 
artifacts  and  objects  from  several  other  col- 
lections. Hanging  in  the  far  corner  of  the 
room,  almost  out  of  sight,  is  a  Japanese  ink- 
and-wash  scroll  showing  a  malevolent  beast 
unleashing  chaos  onto  the  burning,  panicked 
city  of  Hiroshima  below.  The  scroll  is  part  of 
the  Warner  Wells  Hiroshima  collection.  (Wells 
'34,  M.D.  '38  was  a  surgeon  who  translated 
Japanese  physician  Michihiko  Hachiya's  eye- 
witness account  of  the  1945  bombing  of 
Hiroshima.)  It  is  one  of  only  a  handful  of  non- 
Western  pieces  in  the  collections. 

Visitors  are  drawn  to  different  aspects  of  the 
vast  holdings,  Porter  says.  When  guest  schol- 
ars or  distinguished  physicians  are  expected, 
she  selects  examples  of  the  collection's  most 
unusual  holdings  in  that  person's  area  of  in- 
terest to  show  them. 

As  part  of  the  first-year  medical  school  cur- 
riculum, students  are  required  to  attend  a  spe- 
cial lecture  on  the  history  of  medicine  and 
concepts  of  disease  that  culminates  in  a  trip 
to  the  History  of  Medicine  Collections.  Gray 
Lyons,  a  third-year  medical  student,  says  his 


Remedial  tools:  Eighteenth-century  brass-and-leather  horseshoe 
tourniquet,  left,  helped  staunch  bleeding,  including  blood  loss  asso- 
ciated with  amputations;  mezzotint  prints  made  from  anatomical 
engravings,  including  these  hand  studies,  below,  appeared  in  Cours 
complet  d'anatomie,  an  eighteenth-century  anatomical  textbook  by 
Jacques-Fabien  Gautier  D'Agoty  and  Arnauld  Eloi  Gautier  D'Agoty 

Manmade  mortality:  Japanese  artist  Shuka  Takahashi's  ink-and- 

wash  paper  scroll,  opposite,  depicts  the  atomic  bomb  exploding  on 

Hiroshima  in  1945;  Takahashi  sent  this  "illustrated  letter,"  created 

in  the  weeks  after  the  bomb,  to  his  close  friend,  physician  Michihiko 

Hachiya,  who  stayed  in  Hiroshima  to  treat  victims  of  the  blast 


PUKi;  MAGAZINE 


curiosity  about  medical  history  was  piqued  by 
the  experience.  Lyons,  who  was  an  English 
major  before  switching  to  premed  his  junior 
year  of  college,  says  that  the  writing  and  re- 
search he  has  conducted  using  the  collection 
has  nurtured  his  need  for  creative  expression. 

"You  could  go  all  four  years  of  medical 
school  without  writing  an  essay,"  says  Lyons, 
who  is  pursuing  joint  M.D.  and  Ph.D.  de- 
grees. "I  write  for  my  own  mental  health."  His 
essay  on  artistry,  iconography,  and  ideas  in 
sixteenth-century,  pre-Vesalian  anatomical 
illustrations  was  selected  for  publication  in 
the  spring  2007  issue  of  The  Pharos,  a  quarter- 
ly journal  published  by  the  Alpha  Omega 
Alpha  medical  honor  society.  And  he's  work- 
ing with  Porter  to  bring  the  work  of  British 
immunologist  Edward  Jenner  to  a  wider  audi- 
ence by  creating  a  website  devoted  to  Jenner 
that  features  some  of  the  collections'  hold- 
ings. The  site  will  include  scanned  excerpts 
from  Jenner's  diary,  prescriptions  he  wrote  for 
patients,  and  his  landmark  research  into  de- 
veloping a  smallpox  vaccine. 

Peter  English  '69,  M.D.  73,  Ph.D.  75,  a 
professor  of  history  at  Duke,  is  among  the  fac- 
ulty members  who  use  the  collections  in  their 
teaching  and  research.  A  medical  historian, 
English  has  taught  courses  on  the  evolution 
of  diseases  and  other  public-health  issues. 
He's  also  used  the  collections  to  research  books 
he's  written  on  the  histories  of  pneumonia, 
diphtheria,  and  rheumatic  fever. 

"Medicine  is  a  profession  with  a  long  ethi- 
cal and  historical  tradition,  and  that  history 
changes  over  time,"  English  says.  Today's  stu- 
dents might  he  tempted  to  view  our  fore- 
bears' understanding  of  disease  as  falling  along 
a  spectrum  that  runs  from  prescient  to  mis- 
guided, he  says.  But  that  approach  misses  the 
point.  The  volumes  in  the  History  of  Medi- 
cine Collections,  which  English  calls  "spec- 
tacular, one  of  the  best  in  the  country,"  were 
the  leading-edge  books  of  their  day,  he  says.  If 
you  look  closely,  you'll  find  in  their  pages 
medical  discoveries  and  experiments  that  be- 
gin in  the  Renaissance  and  lead  to  today's 
operating  rooms  and  research  labs. 

As  much  as  we  pride  ourselves  on  the  mira- 
cles and  accomplishments  of  modern  medi- 
cine, our  current  thinking  about  diseases  like 
AIDS  or  SARS  will  inevitably  evolve  in  the 
years  and  decades  to  come.  As  they  do,  col- 
lections like  this  one  will  help  future  physi- 
cians and  historians  understand  those  pan- 
demics from  cultural  and  scientific  perspec- 
tives. As  English  observes,  "The  history  of 
medicine  is  still  being  written."  ■ 

www.mclibrary.duke.edu/hom 


November  -  December  2007 


HUMMABLE 


In  tune:  Charles  Tolliver  Orchestra  recreates  Monk's  Town  Hall  concert 


38         DUKE  MAGAZINE 


in/- 


jr? 


M 


at  Page  Auditorium;  top  right,  Monk  and  band  rehearse  for  the  1959  concert  at  Manhattan  jazz  loft 


By  Steve  Dollar 

Monk  abides.  That's  Monk,  as 
in  Thelonious  Sphere  Monk. 
If  the  name  rings  with  a 
slightly  off-kilter  resonance, 
at  once  elegant  and  a  touch  uncanny,  it's 
only  appropriate.  The  jazz  composer  and 
pianist,  who  would  have  turned  ninety  this 
October,  was  a  singular  brand  of  genius,  an 
idiosyncratic  marvel,  and  a  pivotal  figure  in 
American  music.  Once  you'd  heard  him, 
you  could  never  forget  him.  His  indelible 
melodies  and  brusque,  angular  rhythms 
adhered  to  their  own  internal  logic,  and 
they  came  to  shape  a  radical  new  way  of 
thinking  about  jazz,  erupting  out  of  Harlem 
in  the  early  1940s  and  permeating  cultural 
consciousness  ever  since. 

Monk's  more  protean  contemporaries, 
such  as  Duke  Ellington  and  Miles  Davis, 
achieved  greater  renown  earlier  in  their 
careers,  and  generated  bodies  of  work  that 
were  both  epic  and  epochal.  But  this  com- 
poser was  always  an  insider's  favorite.  He'd 
been  performing  and  recording  for  a  quarter 
century  before  he  won  mainstream  recogni- 
tion. Monk  was  an  enigmatic  character  who 
took  the  stage  with  his  goatee  and  his  hab- 
erdasher's array  of  hats — jumping  up  from 
the  piano  bench  in  mid-tune  to  dance 
around  the  bandstand  as  his  sidemen  soloed 
— and  was  publicly  known  as  a  man  of  few 
and  often  coded  words.  "He  was  a  true 
eccentric,  that's  the  way  you  could  put  it," 
says  Charles  Tolliver,  the  jazz  trumpeter  and 
bandleader,  who  was  seventeen  when  he 
first  saw  Monk  at  a  concert  in  1959.  "A 
maximum  eccentric."  And  so,  he  remained 

November -December  2007 


Replaying  Jazz,  Reel  by  Reel 


One  man's  midlife  crisis  a  half-century  ago  has  given  jazz  fans  and  historians  a  mother  lode  of  vibrant,  off-the- 
cuff  recordings  whose  rediscovery  will  influence  the  way  many  of  the  music's  singular  figures  are  perceived. 
W.  Eugene  Smith  was  pretty  much  a  mess  in  1 957.  At  thirty-nine,  he  had  abandoned  the  suburban  security  of 
Westchester  County,  New  York,  and  quit  his  job  as  a  photographer  for  Time-Life,  for  whom  he  had  captured 
some  of  the  most  resonant  scenes  of  day-to-day  Americana  in  the  1 940s  and  '50s.  Then,  with  quixotic  devotion,  he 
turned  a  three-week  freelance  commission  to  document  life  in  Pittsburgh  into  a  four-year  project.  "While  still  in  the  throes 
of  his  Pittsburgh  obsession,"as  documentarian  Sam  Stephenson  A.  M.  '97  puts  it,  he  took  comfort  in  a  new  one. 

He  rented  a  loft  in  a  building  in  Manhattan,  at  821  Sixth  Avenue,  a  place  that  was  known  as  a  hangout  for  jazz 
musicians.  One  of  its  tenants  was  Hall  Overton,  a  pianist  and  arranger,  who  had  turned  the  address  into  a  kind  of 
ongoing  jam  session  three  years  earlier.  The  situation  wasn't  unusual,  as  artists  and  musicians  often  lived  and  worked 
in  such  spaces.  But,  in  most  cases,  what  occurred  was  rarely  documented. 

Delighted  with  his  new  arrangement,  Smith  set  out  not  only  to  take  pictures  of  the  players,  but  also  to  record  them, 
placing  microphones  throughout  the  space  and  collecting  1,740  reel-to-reel  tapes — about  4,000  hours  of  impromp- 
tu gigs,  rehearsals,  conversations,  even  encounters  with  the  cops.  Since  the  musicians  included  such  future  legends  as 
Thelonious  Monk,  Don  Cherry,  Booker  Ervin,  Roy  Haynes,  Rahsaan  Roland  Kirk,  and  Zoot  Sims— during  an  astound- 
ingly  fertile  period  in  jazz — even  seemingly  trivial  moments  come  loaded  with  cultural  significance. 

"It's  a  dream," says  Stephenson.  "We  don't  know  what  we're  going  to  hear  next."  Stephenson,  who  directs  the  Jazz 
Loft  Project  at  Duke's  Center  for  Documentary  Studies,  found  out  about  the  tapes  while  putting  together  a  2001 
exhibit  and  book  on  Smith,  Dream  Street:  W.  Eugene  Smith's  Pittsburgh  Project. 

As  he  immersed  himself  in  the  Smith  archives  at  the  Center  for  Creative  Photography  (CCP)  at  the  University  of 
Arizona,  Stephenson  saw  an  opportunity  to  bring  to  light  an  entire  new  dimension  of  Smith's  work.  Since  the  CCP  had 
no  resources  for  exploring  the  trove,  Stephenson  put  together  the  necessary  grant  funding  and  launched  the  Jazz  Loft 
Project  {www.jazzloftproject.org).  Five  years  later,  Stephenson  and  his  assistants,  Dan  Partridge  and  Sarah  Moye,  have 
sifted  through  1,600  hours  of  tapes,  which  they  have  rendered  as  digital  copies  of  the  originals. 

Stephenson  has  also  collected  250  interviews  with  surviving  individuals  whose  voices  are  heard  on  the  recordings, 
which  run  through  1965.  "At  one  point  on  the  recordings,  a  policeman  shows  up," Stephenson  says.  "He's  very  familiar. 
He  calls  Smith  'Smitty.'  I'm  trying  to  find  that  cop.  We've  even  put  ads  in  Fraternal  Order  of  Police  newsletters.  There  was 
a  lot  of  minor  gangster  activity  that  the  cops  were  in  on,  so  I'm  thinking  that's  maybe  why  we  haven't  gotten  a  reply." 

The  impact  of  the  Jazz  Loft  Project  is  only  beginning  to  be  felt.  Until  all  of  the  material  is  duplicated  and  catalogued, 
it  won't  be  available  to  the  public,  but  recordings  of  Thelonious  Monk  played  a  critical  role  in  developing  commissions 
for  Duke  Performances' six-week-long  "Following  Monk"  series. 

David  Harrington,  founder  of  the  San  Francisco-based  chamber  group  Kronos  Quartet,  was  so  inspired  listening  to  ' 
tapes  of  Monk  and  Overton  conversing  about  musical  arrangements  that  he  incorporated  them  into  the  quartet's 
recent  performance  at  Duke.  Their  voices — even  the  sound  of  Monk's  feet  as  he  paced  restlessly — could  be  heard, 
playing  at  an  ambient  level,  before  the  show  began. 

"It's  incredible,"  says  Harrington.  "You  just  hear  him  walking  around,  these  footsteps  creating  this  rhythm." 

— Steve  Dollar 


a  tad  obscure  even  as  his  music,  including 
songs  like  "  'Round  Midnight,"  "Straight, 
No  Chaser,"  and  "Misterioso"  became  in- 
stantly hummable  staples  of  jazz  repertoire. 

"He  set  a  standard  of  hipness,"  says  Jason 
Moran,  the  thirty-two-year-old  pianist  who 
is  one  of  Monk's  contemporary  heirs.  "If  you 
are  able  to  find  out  who  he  is,  you  become 
part  of  a  separate  society." 

Duke  Performances,  perhaps  better 
known  in  the  past  for  showcasing  more 
mainstream  fare,  is  making  an  unprecedent- 
ed effort  to  spread  the  word.  True,  Monk 
has  enjoyed  retrospective  tribute  at  jazz  fes- 
tivals worldwide,  and  has  inspired  programs 
at  such  cultural  bastions  as  Jazz  at  Lincoln 
Center  and  the  San  Francisco  Jazz  Festival. 
But  he's  never  gotten  quite  the  kaleidoscop- 
ic treatment  he  received  from  Duke  in  the 
six-week  "Following  Monk"  series,  which 
ran  through  the  end  of  October  and  com- 
prised seventeen  performances  (music,  the- 
ater, and  dance),  including  commissions  for 
Monk-themed  projects  created  by  Moran, 
Tolliver,  and  the  Kronos  Quartet.  The  series 
was  scheduled  to  coincide  with  what  would 
have  been  the  late  musician's  birthday, 
October  10. 

"We  wanted  to  explore  the  legacy  in  a 
bunch  of  different  directions,"  says  Aaron 
Greenwald,  interim  director  of  Duke  Per- 
formances, "but  also  be  respectful  and  musi- 
cally uncompromising.  That  was  critical. 
We  wanted  to  create  enough  opportunities 
so  people  who  don't  know  Monk's  music 
[but]  who  were  curious  would  accept  the 
invitation." 

Sound  into  motion:  Alonzo  King  LINES  Ballet 
Company  premiered  two  new  Monk-inspired  works 


40         DUKE  MAGAZINE 


- 


f/' 


■    \ 


<E!$B 


Monk  was  celebrated  by  some  as  bop's  "high  priest," 

but  his  own  compositions,  while  highly  influential, 
were  far  too  personal  and  uniquely  crafted  to  conform  to  any  genre. 


Monk's  music  can  strike  a  novice  listener 
as  being  what  jazz  fans  call  "out,"  Greenwald 
notes.  Certainly  that  was  the  perception  in 
the  1940s,  when  critics  and  musicians  out- 
side his  circle  disparaged  the  pianist's  per- 
cussive verve  and  his  shifting,  elliptical  use 
of  space  between  the  notes  as  mere  bad 
technique.  As  jazz  historian  Ted  Gioia  wrote, 
Monk  favored  "the  stark  repetition  of  the 
simplest  melodic  fragments,  serving  almost 
as  a  parody  of  traditional  thematic  develop- 
ment; thick,  comping  chords  laced  with  dis- 
sonances, and  dropped  with  the  subtlety  of 
a  hand  grenade." 

It  wasn't  easy  listening  in  1942,  but,  over 
time,  the  idiosyncrasies  of  Monk's  style  have 
become  an  essential  part  of  jazz  language. 
"He's  the  first  thing  you  learn  now,"  Moran 
says,  adding  that  after  he  first  heard  Monk, 
as  a  teenager  growing  up  in  Houston,  Texas, 
in  the  1990s,  "I  measured  everything  else  up 


to  him.  Monk  wasn't  outside,  Monk  was  in- 
side." At  Duke,  Moran  performed  the  world 
premiere  of  a  new  full-length  piece  he  com- 
posed, based  on  Monk's  music.  (He  was  also 
a  visiting  artist  first  semester,  coming  to  cam- 
pus a  half-dozen  times  to  work  with  under- 
graduate and  graduate  students  in  various 
departments.) 

What  made  Monk's  music  remarkable  was 
the  way  it  could  juxtapose  a  basic  theme  with 
a  heady,  complex  treatment.  At  its  core,  a 
lingering  ballad  like  "Crepuscule  with  Nel- 
lie," which  Monk  wrote  for  his  wife,  offers 
pleasures  as  instant  as  a  lullaby.  Something 
jauntier,  like  "Ba-lue  Bolivar  Ba-lues-are," 
was  so  accessible  that  it  snuck  onto  the 
soundtrack  for  Disney's  1961  animated  film 
One  Hundred  and  One  Dalmatians,  its  mel- 
ody appropriated  for  a  tune  called  "Cruella 
De  Vil."  Children  across  America  were  sing- 
ing along  to  Monk  without  even  knowing 


November- December  2007 


41 


it.  But  just  to  certify  Monk's  underground 
cachet — he  also  turned  up,  after  a  fashion, 
in  Thomas  Pynchon's  first  novel,  V. ,  which 
featured  a  cameo  by  an  avant-garde  saxo- 
phonist named  McClintic  Sphere. 

"This  is  curiously  complicated  music  to 
listen  to,"  Greenwald  says.  "It's  remarkable 
that  so  many  people  do.  There're  all  kinds 
of  elements  we're  trying  to  chase  down  in 
the  series.  Folk  elements,  for  instance.  He 
was  born  here  in  the  Piedmont,  so  he  would 
have  been  influenced  by  railroad  songs,  cer- 
tain types  of  blues,  of  gospel  music." 

To  best  account  for  all  those  facets  of 
Monk's  life  and  art  meant  bringing  in  an  ar- 
ray of  Monk's  more  remarkable  interpreters 
and  contemporaries,  such  as  jazz  vocalist 
Andy  Bey  and  jazz  pianists  Jessica  Williams, 
Hank  Jones,  and  Randy  Weston,  who  could 
explore  various  facets  of  the  composer's  mu- 
sical DNA:  gospel,  blues,  stride  piano,  Negro 
spirituals,  and  folk  songs.  But  Greenwald 
also  wanted  to  explore  the  world  that  the 
pianist  influenced. 

"If  you  Google  'Thelonious  Monk'  and 
the  name  of  any  major  hip-hop  producer, 
you'll  find  some  interview  where  they're 
going  to  be  talking  about  what  a  huge  influ- 
ence he  is,"  Greenwald  says.  "There's  a  lega- 
cy that  hasn't  been  explored  fully.  I  don't 
mean  just  his  impact  on  jazz,  but  his  impact 
on  contemporary  music  and  dance." 

That  meant  looking  at  Monk  through 
the  prism  of  his  influence  on  contemporary 
classical  music,  salsa  music,  and  ballet  and 
modern  dance.  Choreographer  Robert  Battle 
cites  Monk  as  a  formative  influence,  espe- 
cially in  what  he  calls  a  "deconstructive" 
approach  to  melody  and  rhythm.  What  he 
heard  in  Monk  was  a  process  of  taking  apart 
essential  aspects  of  a  piece  of  music  and 
sticking  them  back  together  again,  casting 
the  familiar  flow  of  notes  askew  through  the 
use  of  suspenseful  pauses  and  tempos  that 
lingered  and  crashed.  "He  had  a  way  of 
turning  the  thing  upside  down  and  shaking 
it  a  little  bit,"  says  Battle,  whose  Battleworks 
Dance  Company's  Monk  Movements,  a  pro- 
gram of  short  pieces  devised  especially  for 
Duke,  reflects  that  sensibility.  "It's  one  of 
the  things  I  try  to  emulate  in  my  own  work, 
even  when  I'm  using  classical  music." 

Perhaps  it  was  the  way  that  Monk's  sound 
countered  mid-twentieth-century  jazz  con- 
vention that  now  makes  it  so  congruent 
with  other  forms  in  which  artists  think  out- 
side the  box.  "Monk's  music  always  felt  very 
natural  to  where  I  was  coming  from,"  says 
David  Harrington,  a  founder  of  the  San 
Francisco-based  Kronos  Quartet,  a  chamber 
group  known  for  its  embrace  of  eclectic 


sources  and  new  composers.  The  group  kicked 
off  the  six-week  Duke  series.  "He's  quite  close 
to  the  avant-garde  classical  tradition,  ex- 
cept for  his  rich  sense  of  melody.  That's  some- 
thing he  had  that  they  didn't." 

Harrington  was  fifteen  years  old  the  first 
time  he  heard  Monk,  in  1965,  when  his  mu- 
sic teacher  played  a  record  for  him.  "I  have 
a  strong  recollection  of  that,  hearing  this 
incredible  sense  of  voicing  and  the  spacing 
of  chords  and  these  beautiful  asymmetrical 
rhythms."  After  Monk's  death  in  1982,  the 
quartet  was  among  the  first  groups  to  adapt 
his  music  outside  a  jazz  realm,  with  its  1984 
Monk's  Suite.  The  composition  broke  new 
ground  by  bringing  Monk,  and  other  jazz 
composers,  into  chamber  repertoire.  For  their 


Duke  performance,  the  musicians  brought 
new  arrangements  of  "  'Round  Midnight" 
that  tested  the  elasticity  of  what  is  Monk's 
most  popular  composition,  bending  it  this 
way  with  electronic  touches,  and  that  way 
with  an  Eastern  European  feel.  Yet,  no  mat- 
ter how  far  afield  the  musicians  carried  the 
melody,  the  music  always  circled  home. 

Monk  was  born  October  10, 
1917,  in  Rocky  Mount,  North 
Carolina,  but  was  only  five 
when  his  family  moved  to 
Manhattan's  West  Side.  He  began  playing 
piano  four  years  later,  and,  as  a  teenager,  hit 
the  road  for  two  years  with  a  traveling  evan- 
gelist. Mary  Lou  Williams,  the  great  stride 


42 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


pianist  and  big-band  arranger  who  was  an 
artist- in-residence  at  Duke  from  1977  until 
her  death  in  1981,  met  Monk  in  Kansas  City 
during  this  period. 

"He  was  already  playing  the  music  he 
would  be  playing  in  New  York,"  says  Sam 
Stephenson  A.M.  '97,  director  of  the  Jazz 
Loft  Project  at  Duke's  Center  for  Documen- 
tary Studies,  who  has  written  about  the  gos- 
pel influences  Monk  shared  with  Williams 
(whose  name  graces  the  Mary  Lou  Williams 
Center  for  Black  Culture  at  Duke). 

"Monk's  playing  is  so  dissonant,"  he  says, 
drawing  parallels  to  the  rough,  ecstatic  out- 
bursts of  rural  Pentecostal  congregations, 
and  the  unvarnished  communion  of  Sacred 
Harp  singing.  Monk  was  known  to  play  spir- 


ituals like  "Abide  With  Me,"  and  Stephenson 
hears  this  as  a  perfect  fit.  "Listen  to  'Monk's 
Mood,'  "  he  says,  referring  to  one  of  the  pi- 
anist's best-loved  ballads.  "It  sounds  like  an 
ancient  hymn.  It  sounds  like  it's  from 
another  world." 

During  the  early  1940s,  Minton's  Play- 
house in  Harlem  was  another  world.  It  was 
here  that  Monk  honed  his  style,  playing 
alongside  the  likes  of  alto  saxophonist  Char- 
lie Parker,  drummer  Kenny  Clarke,  trum- 
peters Dizzy  Gillespie  and  Miles  Davis,  and 
tenor  saxophonist  Sonny  Rollins.  The  mu- 
sicians were  incubating  bebop,  a  revolu- 
tionary turn  in  jazz  that  emphasized  often 
dizzying  harmonic  improvisations  that  ren- 
dered once-familiar  melodic  sources  as  a 


kind  of  higher  mathematics.  Monk  was  cel- 
ebrated by  some  as  bop's  "high  priest,"  but 
his  own  compositions,  while  highly  influen- 
tial, were  far  too  personal  and  uniquely 
crafted  to  conform  to  any  genre.  He  first 
recorded  them  for  the  Blue  Note  label  in 
1947  and,  while  he  continued  to  compose 
throughout  his  career,  would  consistently 
recast  the  same  body  of  work. 

By  1959,  he  was  approaching  a  pivotal 
phase  in  his  career,  which  had  been  side- 
tracked by  New  York  City's  cabaret  licens- 
ing laws.  These  required  musicians  to  carry 
a  performance  license,  which  could  be  sus- 
pended or  revoked  if  the  performer  was 
arrested.  Unfortunately,  Monk  had  suffered 
a  few  run-ins  with  the  law  over  minor  drug 


November -December  2007 


43 


Following  Monk-At  Home 

The  Complete  Blue  Note 
Recordings  This  four-disc  boxed  set  is  a 
handy  introduction  to  Monk's  music.  The  collection 
includes  the  sessions  for  his  1 947  debut  recordings, 
eventually  released  as  The  Genius  of  Modem  Music, 
and  also  features  encounters  with  John  Coltrane, 
Horace  Silver,  and  Sonny  Rollins  as  Monk's  style 
evolves  out  of  jazz's  bebop  era  into  his  1 950s  prime. 

The  Complete  Riverside 
Recordings  Novice  listeners  may  think  fif- 
teen CDs  of  Monk  are  too  much,  but  this  is  the 
mother  lode:  seven  years  of  studio  and  live  record- 
ings with  which  the  pianist  defined  his  body  of 
work.  These  tracks,  made  for  producer  Orrin 
Keepnews  at  Riverside  Records,  show  off  Monk's 
tunes  in  a  variety  of  settings  and  emphasize  the 
inspired  variations  he  could  constantly  wring  out  of 
the  same  material.  If  this  comprehensive  set  is  too 
imposing,  try  one  of  the  individual  albums  it 


includes,  such  as  Brilliant  Comers  or  Thelonious 
Monk  Plays  Duke  Ellington,  which  used  Ellington 
standards  to  introduce  the  then  little-known  Monk 
to  a  wider  audience. 

Thelonious  Monk  Quartet 
with  John  Coltrane  Live  At 
Carnegie  Hall  Until  a  tape  of  this 
concert  popped  up,  there  wasn't  much  at  all  to 
document  the  six  months  tenor-saxophone  giant 
John  Coltrane  spent  playing  with  Monk.  It  was 
1957  and,  arguably,  the  time  of  jazz's  greatest 
creative  ferment.  Monk's  rhythmic  gamesmanship, 
his  manner  of  changing  tempos  and  turning  his 
piano  lines  into  elliptical  puzzles  shines  up 
Coltrane's  lighter  side. 

Thelonious  Monk-Straight, 
No  Chaser  This  1988  documentary  uses 
footage  shot  twenty  years  earlier  by  filmmakers 
Michael  and  Christian  Blackwood,  giving  rare 
glimpses  of  Monk  in  the  studio — scrapping  with 
his  record  producer  at  Columbia,  Teo  Macero — and 
on  the  road,  including  a  visit  to  Australia  where  he 
insists  on  hauling  back  a  suitcase  of  empty  soda 
bottles ...  so  he  can  claim  the  deposits. 

—S.D. 


violations.  Because  of  this,  off  and  on  dur- 
ing the  1950s,  he  wasn't  allowed  to  play  in 
New  York  clubs. 

But  in  1959,  he  booked  a  concert  at  Town 
Hall,  a  venerable  Manhattan  concert  hall 
that  wasn't  affected  by  cabaret  laws.  He  or- 
ganized a  big  band  and  presented  new  ar- 
rangements of  his  music.  It  was  a  big  deal. 
Even  as  Monk  had  prospered  in  the  studio, 
making  a  series  of  brilliant  albums  for  River- 
side Records,  he  hadn't  been  heard  in  a 
New  York  nightclub  since  1957,  when  he  en- 
joyed a  six-month  residency  at  a  club  called 
the  Five  Spot  with  a  group  that  featured 
tenor  saxophonist  John  Coltrane.  There  was 
a  growing  audience  that  wanted  to  see  what 
the  buzz  was  all  about.  The  event  also  was 
an  occasion  for  Monk  to  expand  his  terrain, 
since  his  music  was  not  usually  performed  in 
a  larger  ensemble. 

The  historic  concert  made  a  natural 
centerpiece  for  the  Duke  series, 
which  took  both  a  retrospective 
and  an  interpretive  angle  in  ex- 
ploring the  performance.  "It  was  remarkably 
intense  music,  and  the  ensemble  played  the 
daylights  out  if  it,"  Greenwald  says.  He  com- 
missioned Tolliver,  the  musician  who  had 
witnessed  the  concert  as  a  teenager,  to  put 
together  a  re-staging  of  the  show,  with  tran- 
scriptions of  the  original  charts.  He  also 
invited  Moran  to  work  up  a  piece  based  on 
the  concert.  Both  musicians  relied  exten- 
sively on  recordings  of  Monk  archived  at 


for  "Little  Rootie  Tootie,"  which  got  a 
stomping  live  performance  at  the  concert. 
Throughout  his  life,  Monk  had  the  reputa- 
tion of  being  a  man  of  few  and  cryptic  words. 
In  fact,  the  tapes  reveal  that  he's  quite  lo- 
quacious, if  gruff  and  emphatic,  and  knows 
exactly  what  he  wants.  "Just  hearing  him 
talk  is  wonderful,"  says  Moran,  who  was  im- 
pressed hearing  how  the  composer  offered 
specific  directions  to  Overton,  almost  making 
the  arranger  an  extension  of  his  own  fin- 
gers. "It  shattered  my  myth  about  Monk." 

Moran's  performance  of  his  own  Duke 
commission,  "In  My  Mind:  Monk  at  Town 
Hall  1959,"  which  he  is  now  touring,  makes 
use  of  the  recordings  to  create  a  sense  of 
time  travel.  He  frames  the  concert  in  three 
chronological  sections:  2007,  1959,  and  the 
mid- 1800s,  "the  time  of  Monk's  grandfa- 
ther, when  he  was  a  slave  in  North  Caro- 
lina," he  says. 

Much  has  been  written  about  "otherness" 
in  jazz,  and  Monk's  outsider  status  was  life- 
long, reinforced  by  his  own  gradual  retreat 
from  performing  after  he  lost  his  contract 
with  Columbia  in  1970.  "He'd  play  about 
once  a  year,"  recalls  Paul  Jeffrey,  who  ran 
Duke's  jazz  program  for  twenty  years.  Jeffrey 
was  Monk's  last  saxophonist,  onstage  for 
what  turned  out  to  be  the  pianist's  final 
show,  at  Carnegie  Hall  in  1976.  "The  audi- 
ence was  a  real  cross-section  from  a  lot  of 
different  walks  of  life,"  Jeffrey  recalls.  "In- 
tellectuals. Street  people.  He  had  a  real 
underground  society."  It's  not  so  under- 


"There's  a  legacy  that  hasn't  been  explored  fully. 

I  don't  mean  just  his  impact  on  jazz, 
but  his  impact  on  contemporary  music  and  dance." 


Duke's  Jazz  Loft  Project,  which  oversees  a 
massive  collection  of  tapes  made  of  jazz 
musicians,  such  as  Monk,  who  played  at  a 
Manhattan  loft  rented  by  the  photographer 
and  amateur  recordist  W.  Eugene  Smith. 
(Students  in  Duke's  theater  studies  depart- 
ment also  made  use  of  the  materials  in  the 
loft  project,  presenting  a  ninety-minute  per- 
formance piece,  Misterioso,  based  on  the 
people  and  events  documented  by  Smith.) 

A  significant  portion  of  the  collection  in- 
cludes taped  conversations  about  plans  for 
the  Town  Hall  concert  between  Monk  and 
arranger  and  pianist  Hall  Overton,  an  in- 
structor at  the  Juilliard  School  who  lived  in 
the  loft.  In  a  digital  file  from  one  of  their 
sessions,  you  hear  Monk  pacing  back  and 
forth,  talking  with  Overton,  who  sits  at  a 
piano.  They're  working  on  an  arrangement 


ground  anymore,  not  when  Starbucks  sells 
compilations  of  his  most  familiar  tunes  and 
his  goatee  appears  on  the  label  for  a  Belgian- 
style  beer  called  Brother  Thelonious.  But  as 
the  Duke  Performances  series  makes  evi- 
dent, there's  still  plenty  of  digging  left  to  do, 
in  both  a  literal — investigative — way  and 
in  the  idiomatic  sense:  to  enjoy. 

"In  the  same  way  you  engage  people  in  a 
conversation  about  Shakespeare,"  Greenwald 
asks  rhetorically,  "doesn't  it  make  sense  to 
engage  people  in  a  conversation  about 
Monk?"  ■ 

Dollar  is  a  freelance  writer  based  in  New  York. 
He  is  the  author  of  jazz  Guide  NYC:  Second 
Edition  and  a  frequent  contributor  to  such 
publications  as  The  New  York  Sun  and  Time 
Out  Chicago. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Books 


Animal,  Vegetable,  Miracle:  A  Year  of  Food  Life 

By  Barbara  Kingsolver,  with  Steven  L.  Hopp  and  Camille  Kingsolver  '09. 
HarperCollins,  2007.  384  pages.  $26.95. 


Little  did  the  standing-room-only  crowd 
in  Duke  Chapel  know  that  Barbara 
Kingsolver,  the  keynote  speaker  for 
the  2006  North  Carolina  Festival  of 
the  Book,  was  anxious  about  a  potential 
avian  crisis  back  home.  As  she  charmed  her 
audience  with  colorful  anecdotes  about  her 
writing  career  and  its  marriage  of  art  and 
politics,  Kingsolver  kept  to  herself  thoughts 
of  what  was  transpiring  at  the  family  farm  in 
Virginia,  where  a  first-time  mother  turkey 
was  tending  to  a  nest  full  of  eggs  that  may  or 
may  not  have  been  viable. 

"I  delivered  my  lecture  from  the  pulpit  of 
a  magnificent  gothic  chapel  and  did  not 
once  mention  poultry,"  she  recalls  in  her 
new  book,  Animal,  Vegetable,  Miracle:  A 
Year  of  Food  Life.  "The  book  signing  after- 
ward went  on  until  midnight,  but  I  was  still 
up  before  dawn  the  next  day,  pacing  in  our 
hotel  room.  As  soon  as  the  hour  seemed  for- 
givable I  roused  [husband]  Steven  [Hopp] 
and  insisted  on  an  early  return  to  the  farm." 
You'll  have  to  read  Animal,  Vegetable, 
Miracle  to  find  out  the  fate  of  those  eggs,  a 
tale  that  concludes  Kingsolver's  book  about 
her  family's  year  of  "delib- 
erately eating  food  pro- 
duced from  the  same  place 
where  we  worked,  went  to 
school,  loved  our  neigh- 
bors, drank  the  water,  and 
breathed  the  air."  To  give 
away  the  ending  would  be 
antithetical  to  Kingsolver's 
purposeful  focus  on  the 
rhythms  of  life — the  chang- 
ing of  seasons,  birth  and 
death,  abundance  and  scar- 
city. Kingsolver's  message 
is  that  Americans'  addic- 
tion to  immediate  gratification,  be  it  fast 
food  or  happy  endings,  comes  at  a  high  cost, 
and  that  savoring  a  long-awaited  reward 
makes  it  all  the  sweeter. 

Kingsolver  is  joined  by  her  family:  Hopp, 
a  professor  of  ecology  and  evolutionary  biol- 
ogy, and  her  daughters  Camille,  now  a  junior 


Kingsolver's  message 
is  that  Americans' 
addiction  to  immediate 
gratification  comes  at 
a  high  cost,  and  that 
savoring  a  long-awaited 
reward  makes  it  all 
the  sweeter. 


at  Duke,  and  Lily,  who  was  nine  during  the 
year  the  book  chronicles.  Hopp  contributes 
informative  essays  about  the  far-reaching 
and  environmentally  damaging  impact  of 
the  way  most  food  is  grown  and  distributed 
in  this  country,  and  Camille  brings  a  wise- 
beyond-her-years  teenage  perspective  on 
living  in  harmony  with  the  land.  She  also 
shares  recipes  that  are  simple  and  sublime 
— butternut-bean  soup,  basil-blackberry 
crumble,  and  a  variety  of  seasonal  potato 
salads,  for  example. 

The  book  opens  with  the  family  leaving 
Arizona,  where  they  lived  during  the  aca- 
demic year,  and  heading  east  toward  the 
twenty-acre  farm  in  Virginia  that  has  been 
in  Hopp's  family  for  generations.  Kingsolver 
grew  up  in  rural  Kentucky,  surrounded  by 
farmland,  so  the  pilgrimage  is  a  homecom- 
ing of  sorts.  She  admits  that  the  family  loads 
up  on  junk  food  on  its  way  out  of  town; 
such  humbling  confessions  about  the  easy 
reliance  on  dietary  conveniences  should 
resonate  with  every  reader. 

After  a  year  of  getting  the  farm  and  its 
environs  fixed  up,  the  family  launches  its 
year  of  eating  locally,  which 
kicks  off  in  early  spring 
when  the  tips  of  asparagus 
begin  to  poke  through  the 
soil.  Each  month  has  its 
own  task  list,  from  time- 
sensitive  imperatives  such 
as  planting  and  harvesting 
to  longer-term  projects 
such  as  planning  meals 
months  in  advance.  The 
glorious  bounty  of  sum- 
mer's agricultural  yield 
becomes  the  evening's 
gazpacho  and  zucchini 
chocolate-chip  cookies  and,  once  frozen  or 
canned,  next  winter's  tomato  sauce  and  veg- 
gie stir-fry.  Kingsolver  doesn't  hide  the  fact 
that  it's  hard  work  to  get  everything  done. 
But  when  the  year  comes  to  a  close,  she  cal- 
culates that  the  family  has  eaten  for  an 
average  of  fifty  cents  per  person  per  meal. 


Animal,.. 
Vegetable 
Miracle 


='■:-:    WM  STEVEN  L.  HOPP  and  CAMILLE  KINGSOLVER 


Like  her  other  works,  Kingsolver's  Animal, 
Vegetable,  Miracle  contains  wit  and  wonder 
about  the  world,  from  the  curious  sex  life  of 
turkeys  to  the  seductive  fragrance  of  wild 
mushrooms.  But  make  no  mistake.  The  writer 
who's  made  a  career  out  of  weaving  together 
the  personal  and  political  uses  this  book, 
too,  to  hammer  home  the  message  that 
Americans'  current  culinary  habits  are  un- 
sustainable: Most  food  in  your  neighbor- 
hood grocery  store  has  been  pumped  full  of 
pesticides  and  preservatives,  shipped  thou- 
sands of  miles  using  waning  reserves  of  fossil 
fuels,  and  has  exacted  inestimable  harm  on 
the  environment. 

Animal,  Vegetable,  Miracle  is  part  celebra- 
tion and  part  call-to-arms.  It  offers  simple 
steps  for  improving  one's  dietary  karma, 
while  emphasizing  how  out-of-kilter  (and 
political)  the  basic  act  of  eating  has  be- 
come. Few  of  us  have  the  means  to  oversee 
a  working  farm  to  feed  our  families.  But  we 
can  seek  out  farmers'  markets,  choose  local- 
ly grown  foods  over  those  shipped  from 
another  state  or  country,  and  buy  beef  from 
cattle  raised  on  grass,  rather  than  corn-and- 
hormone  slop.  After  reading  this  book, 
you'll  realize  there's  no  easy  answer  to  the 
question  of  what's  for  dinner. 

— Bridget  Booher 


Niivemlx-r  •  DeiX'iiiK'r  2007 


45 


Books 


Opting  Out?| 


Opting  Out?  Why  Women  Really  Quit  Careers  and  Head  Home 

By  Pamela  Stone  '73.  University  of  California  Press,  2007.  314  pages.  $24.95. 


This  past  summer's  rousing  news  that 
women  in  their  twenties  now  out  earn 
men  in  New  York  and  other  big  cities 
should  come  with  a  caveat:  While 
climbing  the  professional  ladder,  beware  not 
only  the  glass  ceiling,  but  also  the  "mother- 
hood bar."  Such  is  the  deflating  message  of 
Pamela  Stone's  Opting  Out?  Why  Women 
Really  Quit  Careers  arid  Head  Home. 

A  Hunter  College  sociologist,  Stone  con- 
ducted interviews  with  fifty-four  highly  ac- 
complished professional  women  who  left 
the  workforce  at  some  point  after  becoming 
mothers.  Married  to  men  whose  earning  power 
made  it  possible  for  them  to  consider  quit- 
ting their  jobs,  all  but  a  handful  fought  to 
hang  on,  but  caved  under  intractable  work- 
place pressures.  Though  a  small  number  of 
women  in  Stone's  sample  had  planned  to  stay 
home  all  along,  and  a  few  were  blindsided 
by  baby  love,  for  the  most  part  we  hear  from 
women  who  were  committed  to  their  careers 
and  who  made  a  valiant  effort  to  integrate 
their  professional  lives  with  motherhood. 

The  "opt-out  revolution,"  Stone  says,  is 
neither  a  revolution  (the  number  of  white, 
college-educated  married  mothers  who  stay 
home  has  been  hovering  around  the  25  per- 
cent mark  for  the  last  twenty  years)  nor  an 
opting-out,  per  se,  with  its  heavy  connota- 
tion of  "privileged  lifestyle  choice."  The 
media  have  spun  the  story  as  the  dawn  of  a 
"new  traditionalism,"  whereby  educated, 
high-achieving  women  are  rejecting  the 
workplace  and  embracing  domesticity.  But 
the  focus  on  choice  and  values  glosses  over 
the  real-life  obstacles  that  women  encounter 
when  they  try  to  have  it  all.  An  important 
qualification:  The  women  in  Stone's  book 
weren't  working  nine-to-five  jobs.  Many 
were  employed  in  "white-collar  sweatshops" 
that  dictated  long,  often  unpredictable  hours 
and  heavy  travel  schedules.  Since  these 
women's  husbands  were  similarly  shackled 
to  their  careers,  no  one  was  around  to  patrol 
the  home  front.  Women  tried  to  negotiate 
part-time,  job-sharing,  or  other  flextime  ar- 
rangements with  their  employers.  Those  who 
weren't  denied  outright  found  that  anything 


less  than  complete  commitment  was  simply 
incompatible  with  success  and  advancement 
in  their  fields.  Part-timers,  who  ended  up 
clocking  close  to  forty-hour  weeks,  were  side- 
lined or  "mommy  tracked,"  given  less  interest- 
ing work,  and  passed  over  for  promotions. 

The  tyrannical  workplace  culture  in  this 
country  is  a  scandal,  but  it  isn't  much  of  a  se- 
cret. More  eye-opening  was  what  emerged 
from  Stone's  study  about  the  dynamic  at 
home.  Women  praised  their  husbands  for  be- 
ing wonderful  fathers  and  supportive  spous- 
es. Upon  surveying  the  situation,  however, 
Stone  concludes  that  "  'It's  your  choice'  was 
code  for  'it's  your  problem.'  "  The  reality  was 
that  most  husbands  were  unwilling  or  unable 
to  make  the  necessary  adjustments  to  make 
it  possible  for  their  wives  to  continue  with 
their  careers.  And  here's  the  surprising  part: 
They  weren't  expected  to. 

One  husband  could  never  be  relied  on  to 
relieve  the  nanny  at  the  appointed  time  but 
was  given  a  pass  because  of  his  "complex 
personality";  another  was  an  attentive  fa- 
ther but  not  hands  on:  "He'll  visit  [the  kids] 
while  they're  in  the  bath,  but  he  doesn't 
actually  wash  their  hair  or  put  them  in  the 
towel."  No  serious  consideration  was  given 
to  the  possibility  that  men  might  be  the 
ones  to  scale  back  their  work  obligations  or 
shoulder  more  of  the  domestic  load — even 
in  situations  where  women  had  equal  or 
near-equal  earning  prospects. 

Contributing  to  women's  sense  that  they 
had  to  be  incredible  Elastigirls  is  the  current 
trend  toward  intensive  parenting.  In  their 
upper-middle-class  milieu,  you  were  a  negli- 
gent parent  if  your  kid  wasn't  involved  in 
myriad  enriching  and  character-building 
pursuits.  Somewhat  unexpectedly,  women 
found  that  the  intellectual,  emotional,  and 
scheduling  needs  of  school-age  children 
proved  more  pressing  and  less  easy  to  hand 
over  to  a  hired  caretaker  than  those  of 
babies — and  were  thus  less  compatible  with 
the  all-consuming  nature  of  their  jobs. 

The  second  half  of  Stone's  book  surveys 
life  on  the  other  side — how  these  hard-driv- 
ing career  women  adjusted  to  being  stay-at- 


home  moms.  Although  the  consensus  was 
that  quitting  their  jobs  was  the  right  deci- 
sion for  their  families,  their  at-home  experi- 
ences make  for  decidedly  gloomy  reading. 
The  joys  of  parenting  aside,  many  women 
struggled  with  isolation  and  the  lack  of  in- 
tellectual stimulation,  and  felt  acutely  the 
loss  of  their  professional  identities.  Women 
threw  themselves  into  mothering  and  high- 
level  volunteering,  yet  most  said  they  hoped 
to  return  to  paid  work.  But  their  former  ca- 
reers seemed  closed  off  to  them  by  virtue  of 
the  work  culture  that  drove  them  out  in  the 
first  place.  And  they  were  full  of  doubts  about 
what  else  they  could  do  or  whether  they'd  be 
able  to  reenter  the  workforce  at  all — a  valid 
anxiety,  according  to  re-entry  statistics. 

Stone  provides  sensible  suggestions  for 
creating  a  more  hospitable  workplace  and 
showcases  companies  like  Deloitte  &.  Touche, 
which  has  had  success  with  its  progressive 
policies  aimed  at  retaining  women.  But  it's 
going  to  be  a  long  road  to  institutional 
change.  In  the  meantime,  no  one  would  ad- 
vocate discouraging  ambitious  young  wom- 
en from  pursuing  high-powered  professional 
careers,  but  perhaps  we  should  do  more  to 
cultivate  realistic  expectations  about  the  lives 
they're  trying  to  build.  If  they're  going  to  be 
levers  for  change,  shouldn't  they  be  marching 
into  the  workplace — and  into  their  marriages 
— conscious  of  the  barriers  they're  likely  to 
encounter  and  the  tradeoffs  they'll  have  to 
make?  Isn't  that  preferable  to  nurturing 
blindly  optimistic  dreams  of  having  it  all? 

— Julia  Livshin 

Livshin  '96  is  a  member  o/Duke  Magazine's 
Editorial  Advisory  Board  and  a  former  staff 
editor  at  The  Atlantic  Monthly. 


46 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Thanks  to  everyone  who  made  a  gift  to  the 

Duke  Annual  Fund  in  2006-07! 


In  2006-07,  Annual 

Fund  contributions 

from  more  than 

45,000  alumni,  parents, 

and  friends 
added  up  to  more  than 

$26.5  million 
in  unrestricted  support. 

These  gifts  went 
to  work  right  away  to 

support  Duke's 

students  and  the  many 

resources  and  programs 

that  benefit  them. 

In  these  pages, 

we  recognize  gift  club 

members  who  made 

unrestricted  leadership 

gifts  of  $5,000 

or  more  to  the 

Duke  Annual  Fund 

in  2006-07. 


,P'10 


William  Roy  Araskog T'82,  B'83 
Anne  T.  Bass  P'97 
Robert  M.  Bass  P'97 
Merilee  Huser  Bostock 

W62.  P'85.  P'91,P'94 
Roy  J.  Boslock  T'62,  P'85,  P'91,  P'94 

Jack  Oliver  Bovender,  Jr.  T'67,  G'69 
Norman  Braman  GP 

Clarence  C.  Butler  M'42  + 

Sarah  T.  Butler 

Lewis  Byrns  Campbell  E'68,  P'95,  P'97 

Mary  Louise  Campbell  P'95,  P'97 

John  T.  Chambers  E'71 

Clarence  J.  Chandran  P'07 

GaylaJ.  Compton  P'06 

Kevin  R.  Compton  P'06 

James  G.  Dalton,  Sr.  T'-h,  P'81 

Mary  H.Dalton  P'81 

LaVenta  B.  Da\is 

Wayne  E.  Davis  T'45,  M'49 

Michael  A.  Delaney 

Susan  Gavoor  Delaney  T'81 

James  Dimon  P'07,  P'  11 

Judith  K.  Dimon  P'07,  F 11 

Charles  Henry  Dubois  P'07 

Julia  Hydrick  Dubois  P'07 

Mary  Lisa  EadsP' 11 

Ralph  Eads  HI  T'81,  P'  11 

Jamee  Jacobs  Field  P'02 

Marshall  Field  V  P'02 

Richard  P.  Fox  B'04,  P'96 

Meredith  Mallory  George  T'82 

WiUiam  W.George 

Karen  von  Weise  Gregory  P'07 

WiUiam  Grant  Gregory  P'07 
Jane  T.  Halin  P'06,  P' 10 
JohnS.  HahnT'74,  P'06,  F 10 

David  L.  Henle  P'09 

Joan  C.  Henle  P'09 

Brenda  La  Grange  Johnson  W'6l,  P'96 

J.  Howard  Johnson  P'96 

Bruce  A.  Karsh  T'77 

Martha  L.  Karsh 

James  P.  Kelly  P'08 

Marie  E.  Kelly  P'08 

Mark  David  KvammeF  10 

Patricia  Margaret  Kvamme  P'10 

David  A.  Lamond  T'97 

Lawrence  David  Lenihan,  Jr.  E'87 

Nina  Lesavoy  T'79 

Donald  A.  Lewis  P'07,  P'10 

Nancy  H.Lewis  P'07,  P'  10 

Shell!  Lodge-Stanback 

Laurie  Chabot  Maglathlin  P'09 

Peter  Bennen  Maglathlin  P'09 

Mark  D.  Masselink  T'79 ,  P'08,  PI  1 

Priscilla  Clapp  Masselink  T'79,  P'08,  P'  1 1 

Aubrey  Kerr  McClendon  T'81.  P'08,  F10 

Kathleen  Byrns  McClendon  T'80,  P'08,  P'10 

Irene  Lilly  McCutchen  W62,  P'86 

William  Walter  McCutchen,  Jr.  E'62,  P'86 


Jeffrey  Bernard  Median  P'0; 

Patricia  Ham  Meehan  P'07,  P'10 

Bechara  Chawkat  Nammour  P'07,  P'08, 1 

Henrietta  Patricia  Abela  Nammour 
P'07,  P'08,  P'10 

Frederic  M.  Poses  P'06 

Nancy  A.  Poses  P'06 

Alan  Herman  RappaportP'10 

Jill  Pearson  Rappaport  P'10 

James  E.  Rehlaender  P'07,  P'09 

Janis  Jordan  Rehlaender  E'77,  P'07,  P'09 

Frances  Fulk  Rufty  W'44,  L'45 

W.  Earl  Sasser,  Jr.T'65,  G'69,  P'94 

Pam  B.  Schafler  P'07 

Richard  Scott  Schafler  P'07 

Kenneth  Thomas  Schiciano  E'84 

Bradford  G.  Stanback  T'81 

Laurie  Sternberg  P'08 

Seymour  Sternberg  P'08 

Nicholas  Joseph  Sutton  P'10 

Susanjane  Sutton  P'10 

■Andrew  Richard  Taussig  P'08 

Susan  Fierman  Taussig  P'08 

Sylvia  Carroll  Teasley  P'92 

William  A.  Teasley  T'56.  F92 

Carmen  Martha  Thain  P'09 
John  Alexander  Thain  P'09 
James  L.  Vincent  E'6l,  P'91,  P'95 

David  Viniar  P'06,  P'09 

Susan  Viniar  P'06,  P'09 

Jeffrey  N.VinikE'81 

Debra  Braman  Wechsler  P'10 

Jeffrey  Wechsler  P'10 

Lance  Nevin  West  P'10 

Lisa  Halle  West  P'10 

Beverly  A.  Wilkinson  P'98,  P'00,  P'03 

Jerry  C.  Wilkinson  E'67,  P'98,  P'00,  P'03 

Martin  J.  Wygod  P'08,  P'10 

Pamela  Suthern  Wygod  P'08,  P'10 

Mike  S.Zafirovski  P'08 

Robin  G.  Zafirovski  P'08 

Andrew  A.  Ziegler  P'Ot,  P'08 

Carlene  M.  Ziegler  F04,  P'08 


,F09 


lames  Francis  Akers 

T'73.  P'00,  P'02,  P'06,  F 
Joan  Purkrabek  Akers 

T'75,  P'00,  P'02,  P'06,  P'08,  P'09 
Courtney  Goodwin  Amos  T'99 
Paul  Shelby  Amos  HT'98 
Edward  Nishan  Antoian  P'06 
Janet  Giugno  Antoian  P'06 
Carole  Bartholdson  P'92,  P'10 
John  R.  Bartholdson  P'92,  P'10 
D.  Theodore  Berghorst  P'04,  P'09 
Deborah  H.  Berghorst  P'04,  P'09 
Bruce  H.  Brandaleone  P'03,  P'07 
Sara  Hall  Brandaleone  W'65,  P'03,  P'07 
Susan  Duncan  Brasco  T'75,  P'08,  P'10 
Thomas  C.  Brasco  P'08,  P'10 
Suzanne  Brock  P'87,  P'88 


Colin  Wizard  Brown  L'~4.  P'07 

G.  WiUiam  Brown,  Jr.  L'80 

E.  Blake  Byrne  T'57 

KyUeCappeUiF06,P'll 

Louis  R.  Cappelh  P'06,  P'll 

Jonathan  D.  Christenburv  M'81,  H'81, 
H'85  P'08,  P'll 

Mary  M.  Christenbury  H'84,  P'08,  PI  1 

Amy  Suter  Claunch  P'08 

James  Arnold  Claunch  P'08 

Stephen  C.Coley  E'67 

Darryl  Wade  Copeland,  Jr.  E'81 

Karen  E.  Copeland 

James  S.  Crown 

Paula  Hannaway  Crown  T'80 

Nanci  Lynne  Czaja  P'07 

Richard  Frank  Czaja  P'07 

.Alvaro  G.  de  MoUna 

Donna  de  MoUna 

Michael  C.  Dorsey  P'09 

Susan  F.  Dorsey  P'09 

Eugene  V.  Fife  P'93,  P'96.  P'08,  P'10 

tone  Fife  P'93.  P'96,  P'08,  P'10 
John  A.  Forlines,  Jr.  T'39,  P'77 

DuvaU  Fuqua 
J.  Rex  Fuqua 

Patrick  J.  Carver  P'08.  F10 

MeUnda  French  Gates  T'86,  B'87 
WiUiam  H.Gates  ffl 
Jeffrey  Lund  GendeU  T'81 
Manila  Powers  GendeU 
Joan  F.  Gignac 
Roy  G.  Gignac 

Jeffrey  B.  Golden  T'72,  P'07 
Rita  Palmer  Golden  P'07 
Richard  Alan  Goldsmith  B'86 
Stuart  Goldstein  P'04,  P'07 
Susan  Goldstein  P'04,  P'07 
David  Ronald  Goode  T'62 
Susan  SkilesGoodeW'63 
Audrey  Goiter  P'81,  P'87 
James  P.  Goiter  P'81,  P'87 
Donna  Harris  Greenfield  P'07 
Gary  Gordon  Greenfield  P'07 
Jonathan  Wyatt  Gruber  T'97 
David  Haemisegger 


CONTINUED  NEXT  PAGE 


lii 


Duke 

Annual 
Fund 


Key  to  symbols  and  abbreviations: 

FM:  Faculty  DUMC  FR:  Friend  of  Duke  FU:  Faculty  U 


e  Staff  ME:  Faculty  Emeritus  DUMC  P:  Parent  s.M:  Staff  DUMC  SU:  Staff  University  TE:  Trustee  Emeritus  1 


':  Former  Trustee  TR:  Trustee  +:  Deceased 


Stuart  Irwin  Harris  T75,  G'81,  M'82,  Hi 

John  C.  Harvey  P'09 

Anita-Agnes  Hassell  P'08 

Gerald  L.  Hassell  T73  P'08 

James  T.  HiU  III  P'0-i 

JanineW.  HillP'04 

Judith  Ann  Hinchman  P'08,  P'10 

Terrance  Kent  Holt  P'07 

Virginia  Roberts  Holt  P'07 

Alice  K.  Horton 

George  A.  Horton 

David  Branson  Ingram  T'85 

Sarah  Lebrun  Ingram  T'88 

John  Kent  Johnson  P'07 

Maria  Isabel  Caicedo  Johnson  P'07 

Debra  N.Jones  P'08,  P'll 

lnhii  Wcsli'v  Jones 

T72,  M76,  H79,  H'83,  P'03,  P'09 
Lucy  Turk  Hollis  Jones  P'03,  P'09 
Robert  W.Jones  P'08,  P'll 


Thanks  to  all  of  our 

Reunion  Gift 
Committee  volunteers! 


http://annualfund.duke.edu. 


DanielS.  KalzT'80 

Cheryl  L.  Kearny 

F.  M.  Kirby  P'87 

Jefferson  W.  Kirby  B'87 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  S.  Dillard  Kirby 

Walker  Kirby 

Anne  Pfohl  Kirby  P'80,  P'88,  P'91  GP 

J.J.KiserniT'65,P'96,P'98 

Joy  Kiser  P'96,  P'98 

Henry  Louis  Kotkins,  Jr.  P'08 

Jacqueline  Le\in  Kotkins  P'08 

i:\nthiaJacobsen  Leaman  N'84 

J.  Richard  Leaman  HI  T'84,  B'86 

Nicholas  John  LeonardyT'81,  M'85,  P'08 

Theresa  M.  Leonardy  P'08 

DoughLs  Leone  P'04 

Diane  S.  Levy  P'04 

Robert  M.levyP'04 

Kathryn  Crommelin  Lieb  W'69,  P'03 

Richard  B.LiebT'69,  P'03 

Ga\  McLaw  horn  Love 

W51,  P79.  P'80,  P'83,  P'84,  P'94  GP 
Ke\in  Angus  Macdonald 
Lynda  Leaman  Macdonald  T'82 
Francis  Stanford  Massie,  Sr.  T'57,  M'60,  H'61 
Herbert  Hardinge  McDade  HI  T'81 
Martha  Monserrate  McDade  E'81,  G'82, 
J.  Thomas  McMurray  E76,  G78,  G'80,  P'08 
Mary  C.  Metzger  W68,  P'09 
George  James  Morrow  B'81,  P'08,  P'10 
Katherine  D.  Morrow  P'08,  P'10 
Amy  M.  Moss 
Haruo  Naito  P'OO 
Sonoko  Naito  P'OO 
NancyA.NasherL'^9 
Jack  H.NeelyT'SO,  P'06 


Margaret  M.  Neely  P'06 

Peter  M.  Nicholas  T'64,  P'89,  P'92,  P'9<t 

Peter  M.  Nicholas,  Jr.  T'92,  B'98 

Ginny  Lilly  Nicholas  W'64,  P'89,  P'92,  P'9t 

Michael  Engle  Peacock  E'87 

Patti  Perkins-Leone  P'04 

Elizabeth  O'Shea  Pfohl  P'95,  P'98,  P'05 

James  M.  Pfohl  P'95,  P'98,  P'05 

Leonard  V.Quigley  P'87,  P'91  + 

Lynn  Pfohl  Quigley  P'87,  P'91 

Anne  Katherine  Reid  P'08,  P'll 

Michael  Whitelaw  Reid  P'08,  P'll 

Colene  Carson  Royston  P'07 

Ivor  Royston  P'07 

Diane  D.  Schlinkert  P'10 

Leo  R.Schlinkert  P'10 

Richard  Fraser  Seamans  T'67,  P'02 

Monica  M.  Segal  P'04,  P'06.  P'09 

Richard  D.  Segal  P'04,  P'06 ,  P'09 

Nellie  M.  Semans  P'90,  P'91 

Truman  T.  Semans  P'90,  P'91 

Truman  T.  Semans,  Jr.  T'90,  B'01 

Fred  W.  Shaffer  T'54,  P'83,  P'85,  P'90 

Meriel  Shaffer  P'83,  P'85,  P'90 

Karl  S.Sheffield  T'54 

Lori  Sidman 

Matthew  Keith  Sidman  T'9t 

David  N.  Silvers  M'68,  P'98 

Ellen  C.  L.  Simmons  P'09 

Matthew  R.  Simmons  P'09 

Dorothy  Lewis  Simpson  W'46 

Jack  David  Sommer  P'98,  P'99,  P'10 

Laura  Jane  Wellens  Sommer  P'98,  P'99,  P'10 

Mark  Eric  Stalnecker  T'73,  F06,  P'06 

Susan  Matamoros  Stalnecker  T73,  P'06,  P'06 

Gillian  Steel 

Robert  King  Steel  T73 

Eugenia  P.  Strauss 

Robert  P.  Strauss  T'53 

Barn' Joel  Tarasoff  T'67,  P'01,  P'07 

Sylvia  H.  r  Tarasoff  P'01,  P'07 

Debra  Ann  Terlato  P'08,  P'll 

William  Anthony  Terlato  P'08,  P'  1 1 

Bradley  Jonathan  Tolkin  P'08,  P'10,  P'll 

Margaret  Laurie  Tolkin  P'08,  P'10,  P'll 

Drayton  Timms  Virkler  B'03 

Laura  Horton  Virkler 

Judith  Montgomery  Vogel  G77 

William  A.  Vogel  B'76 

Karl  M.  von  der  Heyden  T'62,  P'87 

Mar)-  Ellen  von  der  Heyden  P'87 

Caroline  A.  Walker  P'09,  P'll 

John  L.  Walker  T'74,  L77,  P'09,  P'll 

Dorothy  Stivers  Whitman  W'42 

Stanley  F.  Whitman  T'40 

Megan  Young  WieseT'87 

Russell  0.  Wiese 

A.  Morris  Williams,  Jr.  T'62,  G'63.  P'85,  P'87 

Ruth  Whitmore  Williams  W63,  P'85,  P'87 

Lauren  L.  Younger  P'03,  P'06 

William  H.  Younger  P'03,  P'06 

Mary  L.  Yovovich  P'07 

Paul  George  Yovovich  P'07 


PRESIDENT'S  COUNCIL 
$10,000-$24,999 


Alan  I.  Abramson  T'80,  P'09 
Lynn  Abramson  P'09 
Shirley  Halton  Ada  W55 
Ellen  Cates  Adams  W'62,  P'97 
Hunter  D.  Adams  E'47 
Rex  D.Adams  T'62,  P'97 
Clifford  Robin  AdlerL'82 
Jaime  Eduardo  Aleman  L'78 


Michael  John  AlixT'83 
Idith  Almog  P'09 
Yuval  Almog  P'09 
Henry  Gustav  Almquist,  Jr. 
T78,  B'80,  P'07,  P'09 
Nancy  Dameron  Almquist  N79,  P'07,  P'09 
Carol  Anderson  P'02 
Howard  Michael  Anderson  P'02 
Jacob  Maxwell  Anderson  T'02 
Kerrii  Brown  Anderson  B'87 
Lawrence  Main  Anderson T'63 
Nancy  A.  Anderson  P'08,  P'10 
RobertJ.  Anderson  P'08,  P'10 
Claire  L.  Arnold  P'97,  P'01 
Douglas  DeGolyer  Arnold  T'80,  P'06,  P'  10 
H.  Ross  Arnold  III  T'67,  L76,  P'97,  P'01 
Charles  Ayres  T'82 
Kevin  Charles  Baer  T'90,  B'95 
Edgar  W.  Barksdale,  Jr.  T'66 
Joan  Barksdale  FR 
Robert  P.  Barnett  T'42,  L'48 
Cheryl  J.  B.  BarnerteFR 
Henry  V.  Bamette,  Jr.  T'6l,  P'88 
Christopher  Maddox  Bass  T'97 
Marshall  Thompson  Bassett  T'76,  B'89 
Margaret  M.  Bathgate  P'09 
Steven  M.  Bathgate  P'09 
Joan  Parsons  Beber  W'56 
Robert  H.  BeberT'55,L'57 
John  Albert  Beckert  P'10 
Pamela  Myers  Beckert  P'08,  P'10 
Douglas  Gordon  Beckstett  T'74,  P'08 
R.  Elise  Bideaux  Beckstett  T75  P'08 
Carol  Anne  Begley  P'10 
Lawrence  Patrick  licglc\  P'10 
Steven  Robert  Bell  T'82 
Susan  Stover  Bell  T'84 
Deborah  J.  Bennett  P'96,  P'99 
W.  Tyson  Bennett  P'96,  P'99 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  John  P.  Bent,  Jr.  P'84,  P'86,  P'8 
Guy  P.  BernerT'40,  P'96,  P'96 
Marilyn  llpp  Bemer  W'42  P'96,  P'96 
Scott  B.  Bernstein  T'79 
John  Stuart  Bevan  P'10 
Karen  Nielsen  Bevan  P'10 
Gerald  M.  Bieze  P'09 
Sarah  A.  Bieze  P'09 
Philip  A.  BjorloT70,L77 
Sheila  Regan  BjorloW70 
Deborah  Groves  Black  T'74,  P'10 
Steven  Davis  Black  T'74,  P'10 
DanM.BlaylockT'77 
Charles  K.  BobrinskoyT'81,  P'08,  P'10 
Mary  Anne  Bobrinskoy  P'08,  P'10 
Carl  E.Bolch,  Jr.  L'67,  P'OO 
Carl  E.  Bolch  ffl  B'OO 
Emily  Busse  Bragg  T'78,  P'07,  P'09 
Steven  R.  Bragg  P'07,  P'09 
Peter  Bevier  Brandow  T'82 
John  M.  Bremer  L'74 
Diana  V.  Brian  P'95.  P'95,  P'06 
Earl  W.  Brian,  Jr.  T'63,  M'66,  P'95,  P'95,  P'C 
Jonathan  D.BrittT71,  P'OO 
Alisa  Sacerdote  Brockelman  T'91 
Curtis  Francis  Brockelman,  Jr.  T'91 
Cynthia  Brodhead  SU 
Richard  H.  Brodhead  SU  TR 
Alvin  Howard  Brown 
Christine  Tavel  Brunnemer  P'10 
H.  Keith  Brunnemer,  Jr.  T'6l,  P'89,  P'10 
Stuart  Upchurch  Buice  W'64,  P'88 
William  T.  Buice  III  L'64,  P'88 
Rick  L.  Burdick  P'08 
Sharon  F.  Burdick  P'08 
Barbara  Burke  P'86,  P'97,  P'01 


Raymond  F.  Burke  T'55,  P'86.  P'97,  P'01 

Christopher  E.  Burns  T'79.  P'08,  P'10 

Patricia  P.  Burns  P'08,  P'10 

Sunny  Harvey  Burrows  B'88 

Laurie  Jean  Caldwell-Brandow  T'83 

Lynn  E.  Calhoun  T78,  B'83,  P'06,  P'10 

Charles  Keith  Cargill  P'08,  P'll 

Leah  B.Cargill  P'08,  P'll 

Deborah  A.  Chapin-Horowitz  P'01,  P'06,  P'09 

Genevieve  Marie  Chenier-Leck  T'88 

M.  Ruth  Chewning  FR 

0.  Charlie  Chewning,  Jr.  T'57 

Lawrence  Stewart  Clark  T'81,  B'87 

Robert  H.ClasenT71 

Kenneth  H.  Close  T'81 

Gail  Coleman  T'76 

Jeffrey  C.  Conklin  E'81 

Teri  Kaye  Changnon  Conkhn  T'82 

Nancie  H.Cooper  P'06 

Stephen  F.  Cooper  P'06 

Timothy  James  Corey  P'08 

James  H.  Corrigan,  Jr.  E'47,  P'80 

Cathy  G.Creighton  FR 

James  Burns  Creighton,  Jr. 

M'57,H'6l,  P'83,  P'85 
Phyllis  Bedell  Crockett  N'57,  P'80 
William  G.  Crockett  T'57,  P'80 
Meredith  Brinegar  Cross  T'79 
Gerald  Christopher  Crotty 

P'02,  P'05,  P'06,  P'09,  P'll 
Lucille  0.  Crotty  P'02,  P'05,  P'06,  P'09,  P'll 
Hugh  Cullman  FR 
Nan  0.  Cullman  FR 
Bruce  Cummings  P'91 
Myrna  Pope  Cummings  W'60,  P'91 
Ann  Quattlebaum  Curry  W'65 
James  L.  Curry  T'65 
Eva  L.Curtis  P'll 
Thomas  Andrew  Curtis  T'80,  P'  1 1 
Lee  A.  Mimms  Dagger  T'81 
Thomas  Golden  Dagger  T'80 
Elizabeth  Learson  Daniels  P'08 
Leslie  Benedict  Daniels  P'08 
Victoria  Dauphinot  FR 
James  P.  Davenport  T'66,  L'69,  P'02 
Nancy  Garside  Davenport  N'67,  R'69,  P'02 
Theodore  Joseph  Davies  T'86 
Jean  Elizabeth  Davis  B'85 
Harris  Andrew  Decker  P'05,  P'10 
Daniel  Ledbetter  Dees  T'92 
Daun  Michelle  Dees  FR 
Deborah  Lynn  DeHaas  T'81 
Kenneth  Edgar  de  Laski  T'79 
Alberto  Jose  DelgadoT'93 
Stephen  M.  Denning  T'76,  M'80,  H'87 
Brian  Lloyd  Derksen  B'78 
John  M.  Derrick,  Jr.  E'6l 
Jennifer  St.  Clair  Dicke  B'05 
Mary  Kay  Dineen  P'07 
Sarah  C.  Dodds-Brown  T'95  TF 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  Ronald  W.  Dollens  P'01 
Sarah  Dollens  FR 
William  Grant  Dollens  E'Ol 
Robert  E.  Donaho  E76,  P'08,  P'll 
Rose  Kueffher  Donnell  W41,  P70,  P'76  P'97 
David  Wallace  Douglas  P'04,  P'06 
Deborah  Smith  Douglas  T'73,  P'04,  P'06 
Davis  W.  Duke,  Jr.  T'54,  L'59 
Charles  A.  Dukes,  Jr.  T'56,  L'57,  P'84 
Rebecca  Weathers  Dukes  W'56,  P'84 
C.  Steven  Duncker  T'80 
Ruth  Dzau  P'08 
VictorJ.DzauSM  P'08 
LeRoyEakinfflP'08 
Lindsay  McKelvie  Eakin  P'08 


I'M  I  „..•,  fjij'.'i    FK  |.o,,.,-,'0i.-  II    hiu'lvU 


i  House  Stafi  Ml-   Facuir,  Ef'.entjjs  DUMC  I'  P.irs>:H  ? 


i  itatTD 


I:  Staff  University  TE:  Trustee  Emeritus  TF:  Former  Trustee  TR:  Trustee  +:Deceased 


Judy  Darr  Eaton  W'69.  P'98 

Christine  A.  Edwards  P'O7 

Jenni  L  Edwards  T'07 

John  H.  Edwards  P'07 

Michael  Paul  Edwards  P'07 

Theresa  Byrne  Edwards  P'07 

Kate  Deutsch  Eichel  FR 

Scon  Benjamin  Eichel  T'97 

Stephanie  E.  Elbers-Donaho  T'78.  P'08,  PI  1 

JohnD.  EnglarT'69,L'72FU 

Linda  Meter  Englar  FR 

Aaron  Jason  Enrico  T'93 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Roger  A.  Enrico  P'93 

Ham-  H.  Esbenshade  III  T'79 

Orli  R.  Etingin  P'04,  P'06 

Fred  Mehlert  Fehsenfeld,  Jr.  E'73 

Suzanne  W.  Fehsenfeld  FR 

Linn  M.  Feidelson  FR 

Robert  S.  Feidelson  T'86 

Elizabeth  Wager  FeidlerFR 

Mark  L.  Feidler  T'78 

Julie  Elizabeth  Borger  Ferguson  T'81.  P'10 

T.  Ritson  Ferguson,  III  T'81,  P'10 

Robin  A.  Ferracone  T'75,  P'l  I  TR 

Carmen  E.  Ferrari  P'09.  P'  1 1 

Yolanda  Ciata  Ferrell-Brown  P'09 

Gwendolyn  A.  Fichtelman  FR 

JonR.FichtelmanT'67,M'71 

Abigail  Beckwith  Field  T'02 

Lorenz  Fischer-Zemin  P'O" 

Stephanie  Fischer-Zemin  P'07 

Edward  A.  Fish  P'99 

Gretchen  Schroder  Fish  W'68,  P'99 

Jill  I.  Fishman  FR 

MarkA.FishmanL'78 

C.  Grayson  Fitzhugh  B'7i,  P'0-t,  P'05,  P'06 

Sarali  Akers  Fitzhugh  T'""6,  P'04,  P'05.  P'06 

Deborah  Dawson  Flexner  T'79 

Thomas  Flexner  FR 

Anne  Rodiwell  Forlines  FR 

JohnA.ForhnesIHT'77,L'82 

Robert  C.  Fort  FR 

Cameron  Harold  Fowler  E'87 

Jeffrey  Howard  Fox  T'84 

Melanie  P.  Fox  FR 

Kathleen  C.  France  P'03,  P'06 

Michael  E.  France  P'03,  P'06 

Carolyn  Pannill  Franck  FR 

William  F.  Franck,  Jr.  T'39,  P'65,  P'72 

Giovanni  B.  F.  Francucci  T'82,  P'09,  P'  1 1 

Jane  Reny  Frank  T'85 

Stephen  Hamilton  Frank  T'85 

Jacqueline  Fair  Frey  W'Ch 

James  H.FreyE'60 

David  A.  Friedman  T'55,  L'57,  P'78 

Marilyn  Nelson  Friedman  W'56,  P'78 

E  Daniel  Gabel,  Jr.  T'60,P'02 

Margaret  Ann  Booker  Gabel  W'60,  P'02 

Annie  Lewis  Jolmston  Garda  W6l,  P'90 

Robert  A.  GardaE'6l,  P'90  FU 

Lisa  0.  Gardner  FR 

Ted  A.  Gardner  T'79 

Louis-Vincent  Gave  T'96 

Lauren  Wilhams  Ghaffari  T'83 

John  Louis  Giannuzzi  T'83 

Kathleen  Anderson  Giannuzzi  T'82 

Dennis  Dan  Gibson  P'l  1 

Nikki  Hurst  Gibson  T'80,  P' 11 

Sylvia  Mathis  Gibson  W'57 

Jeffrey  K.  Giguere  T'76,  M'80,  P'06 

Nana  Parker  Giguere  N'78,  P'06 

Edward  Arthur  Gilhuly  T'82 

Lourdes  Suarez  Ginelman  P'10 

Marc  Charles  Gittelman  P'  10 

Judith  S.  Giuliani  P'09 


KnJnlpliWilli.ini  liiuii.iiii  I'iw 

Dina  Greenberg  Glasofer  T'97 

Sidney  Glasofer  E'97 

Deborah  Egan  Glass  P'09 

Dennis  Robert  Glass  P'09 

Blake  Buchanan  Goodner  T'96 

Lois  Schrager  Goodner  T'01 

Patricia  Ann  Perrotta  Gordon  P'07 

Peter  John  Gordon  P'07 

Lynn  E.  Gorguze  T'81 

Elizabeth  Loyd  Gorman  T'88 

Michael  Brian  Gorman  T'88 

Robert  Pinkney  Gorrell  T'53 

Sarah  S.GorrellFR 

Christine  Hoy  Gosnell  T'83,  P'10,  P'l  1 

Gregory  Forte  Gosnell  T'82,  P'10,  P'l  I 

MirianM.GraddickP'O" 

CroleyW.  Graham,  Jr.  L'77 

Gary  William  Grant  P'09 

David  Scon  Greenberg  P'08 

Joan  Hilary  Greenberg  P'08 

Donna  C.  Greenlee  FR 

Stephen  Mellor  Greenlee  T'79 

Fabienne  Jeanne  Marie  Gregoire  P'08 

JohnT.  Grigsby,Jr.T'66 

George  Lewis  Grody  T'81 

George  G.  Guthrie  T'H  L'67 

Mimi  Haas  P'99 

Willard  Hackerman  FR 

Arthur  H.  Haigh  III  T'66.  P'92,  P'95 

Kristi  Lddstrom  Haigh  W'68,  P'92,  P'95 

Kathleen  M.  Hamm  L'88 

Harvey  B.  Hamrick  T'54,  P'79 

Robert  T.  Harper  T'76,  L79,  P'06  TF 

Susan  F.  Harper  P'06 

Marilyn  \gnes  Hofmann  Harrison 


.  P'97,  P'06 


.  P'97,  P'06 
R.  Keith  Harrison,. 
Dale  M.  Hart  FR 
Robert  M.  Hart  L'69  FU 
C.  Felix  Harvey  HI  P'88 
Margaret  Blount  Harvey  W43,  P'88 
Ashley  Joyner  Hase  N'82 
Steven  Vanmeter  Hase  T'82 
Douglas  A.  Hastings  T71.  P'09 
Daun  P.  Hauspurg  P'08,  P'10 
Peter  R.  Hauspurg  T75.  P'08,  P'10 
Scon  D.  Hawkins  P'04 
Sharon  Doyle  Hawkins  P'09 
Susan  M.  Hawkins  P'04 
William  A.  Hawkins  uIE'76 
Edward  Joseph  Healy  T'74,  P'06,  P'l 
Helen  B.Healy  P'06,  P'10 
RaynelleF.  HeidrickFR 
Robert  L.  Heidrick  T'63  TF 
Jane  Brennan  Henderson  T'87 
Molly  Eden  Hendrick  T'83 
Pamela  Brecker  Hendrickson  T'82 
Judith  R.  Henry  FR 
Patrick  J.  Henry  B'88 
Heidi  A.  HetzerFR 
Ahce  Blackmore  Hicks  W'69,  P'07 
James  B.  Hicks  P'07 
Jeffrey  C.  Hines  P'06 
Wendy  J.  Hines  P'06 
Ann-Elizabeth  Hinshaw  FR 
Robert  A.  HinshawT'43 
C.  Roger  Hofhnan  T'63,  P'91 
Editli  Smoot  Hoffman  N'64,  P'91 
Arthur  L.  Holden  FR 
BeLsy  De  Haas  Holden  T'77 
Harvey  R.  Holding  T'56,P'90 
Benjamin  D.  Holloway  T'50  TE 
Rita  Holloway  FR 
Edward  D.  Horowitz  P'01,  P'06 


Gifts  to  the 
Annual  Fund 
help  pay  for 

♦  Scholarships  for 
Duke  undergraduates 


graduate  and 
professional  degi 
students 


Richard  .Man  Honilz  L78,  P'04 

Alice  R.  Howard  P'90,  P'99 

Edwin  B.  Howard,  Jr.  T'63,  P'90,  P'99 

John  D.  Howard  P'05 

Lawrence  T.  Hoyle,  Jr.  T'60.  P'90,  P'98 

Mary  R.  Hoyle  P'90,  P'98 

Jean  E.HoysradtW'72,  P'08 

Richard  Raymond  HrabchakT'82 

Jem  Garland  Hubbard  T'57,  P'90 

Kenneth  W.  Hubbard  T'65  TR 

Patricia  Crawford  Hubbard  W'59,  P'90 

Bettysue  Cameron  Hughes  W65 

Jeffrey  P.  Hughes  L'65 

Albert  R.  Hunt  P'09 

Jill  Silverman  Hunter  TV,  P'09 

Jeffrey  M.  Hurst  T'"8,  P'08.  P'10 

Roxanna  Harper  Hurst  T'78,  P'08,  P'10 

David  W.Ichel  T'75, 178 

Jan  Ichel  FR 

Gregg  E.  Ireland  P'08 

Lori  A.  Ireland  P'08 

Anne  M.Jameson  P'05,  P'08 

George  P.Jameson  P'05,  P'08 

Gary  Richard  Janko  P'09 

Susan  Murphy  Janko  P'09 

Yinay Jaygopal  Jayaram  E'96 

Carol  Anne  Lovejennison  T'80,  P'08,  P'10 

George  King  Jennison  T'80.  P'08,  P'10 

JolieJ.  Johnson  FR 

Judith  J.  Johnson  FR 

Krishna  M.  Johnson  FU 

Matthew  George  Johnson  T'87 

Patricia  K.  Furey Jones  N"74,  P'05,  P'08,  P'09 

Richard  Hubert  Jones  T73,  P'05.  P'08,  P'09 

Christopher  James  Jordan  T'83 

Virginia  Joshn-Hastings  W70,  P'09 

Daniel  Franklin  Katz  L'83 

Patrick  Joseph  Keeley  P'07 

ReginaCahillKeeleyP'07 

Katherine  Cissle  Kellogg  FR 

Theodore  C.  Kennedy  E'52 

Nannerl  0.  Keohane  FE  TF 

Robert  Keohane  FU 

Roy  W.  Kiefer  B'78 

Cynthia  McNeill  King  L'89 

David  P.  King  FR 

Linda  Anne  Klopman  B'85 

William  A.  Klopman  P'85 

John  R.  Knight  L'83 

PaulR.  KoepffL'73 

Cookie  Anspach  Kohn  W'60,  P'85  TR 

Henry  L.Kohn,  Jr.  P'85 

Joseph  Carl  Kohn  P'10 

Lisa  Palfy  Kohn  P' 10 

Alexandra  D.  Korry  L'86 

John  A.  Koskinen  T'61,  P'95  TE 

Patricia  Koskinen  P'95 

Leigh  Kosnik  T'77 

Richard  Michael  Kosnik  FR 

Peter  Andrew  Kraus  T'82 

Dana  Robinson  Krumholz  P'04 

Steven  Krumholz  P'0-i 


George  M.  Kunath  P'06 

Milton  Lachman  P'7-i 

Roslyn  Schwartz  Lachman  W-i9,  P74 

James  R.UddT'64,  P'91,  P'93  TF 

Barry  S.  Lafer  P'09 

Jill  S.  Lafer  P'09 

Dennis  Richard  LaFiura  T74,  P'O* 

Man  H.  LaFiura  P'04 

Clarence  Ray  Lambe,  Jr.  T'83 

Christine  Lamond  P'97 

Pierre  R.  Lamond  P'97 

Richard  J.  Lampen  P'10 

Susan  Matson  Lampen  P'10 

Chnton  W.Lane  IE  P'10 

Shelley  O'Neill  Lane  N'76.  P'10 

Gerrit  Livingston  Lansing,  Jr.  T'95 

Patricia  H.  Lansing  FR 

Roger  Lash  T"75 

.tone  C.  Lawler  P'06 

Kenneth  P.  Lawler  P'06 

William  Thomas  Lawson,  Jr.  E'96,  M'OO  ST 

David  Peter  Lazar,  Sr.  T'79,  P'10 

Karen  Bowers  Lazar  T'78,  P'  10 

P.  Jeffrey  Leek  FR 

Daniel  Kenneth  Lehrhoff  P'09 

PattiB.  LehrhoffP'09 

Frank  Edgar  Lewis,  Jr.  B'79 

Penny  Wolfson  Lieberberg  T'80 

Frank  N.  Linsalata  P'10 

Jocelyne  Kollav  linsalata  P'10 

Judson  C.  Linville  FR 

DeboraliT.  LongFR 

William  Matthews  Long  ID  B'93 

Barbara  S.  Love  FR 

Charles  Keith  Love  T'83 

David  McLawhorn  Love  T'94,  B'01 

James  Erskine  Love  HI  T'79,  P'l  1 

Sarah  Ellen  Love  P' 11 

Valerie  Marx  Love  E'94 

Carol  Pulver  Lovett  W57,  P'81 

Donald  Robert  Loven  T'56,  P'81 

Jeffrey  Samuel  Lubin  T'85,  B'90 

John  ValLyngaas  P'07  P'10 

Carl  E  Lyon  T'65,  L'68,  P'02 

Maryann  Lyon  P'02 

V.  Frederic  Lyon,  Jr.  T'70 

Christy  K.  Mack  P'99,  P'01 

JohnJ.MackT'68,  P'99.  P'01  TR 

Maria  Suk  Huen  Man  P'08 

Ernest  Mario  P'91,  P'92  TE 

Millie  Mario  P'91,  P'92 

Marijke  Elizabeth  Mars  T'86 

Ariane  Hardin  Matschullat  P'04 

Robert  Wayne  MaLschullat  P'04 

George  Nathaniel  Mattson  U  E'87 

Harold  C.  Mauney,  Jr.  T'60,  P'02 

Joyce  Leverton  Mauney  W'62,  P'02 

Stacey  Willits  McConneU  T'77 

John  P.  McGovern  T'45,  M"45,  H'49,  G'95  + 

CONTINUED  NEXT  PAGE 


ill 


Duke 

Annual 
Fund 


Katherine  G.  McGovern  FR 

Douglas  Allen  McGraw  E79,  P'07 

Marianne  Ballenger  McGraw  N"80,  P'07 

Thomas  B.McGui re,  Jr.  P'09 

Daniel  E  McKeithan.  Jr.  T'57,  P'82 

Dolly  Madison  McKenna  W'71,  P'06,  P'09 

JohnJ.  McKenna  P'06,  P'09 

Matthew  M.  McKenna  P'08 

Nancy  F.  McKenna  P'08 

William  Frank  McKinley  B'85 

Debra  Ann  McLaughlin  T'88 

Michael  P.  McLaughhn  FR 

T.  Bragg  McLeod  T'49,  P'74,  P'76 

Anne  Hall  McMahon  P'82,  GP 

John  Alexander  McMahon  T'42,  P'82,  GP  FU  TE 

Brian  Joseph  McMerty  B'88 

Sarah  Bellamy  McMerty  T'82 

Eduardo  G.  Mestre  P'03.  P'07 

Robert  Andrews  Metzger,  Jr.  B'84 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Dennis  Irwin  Mever 

P'87,  P'90,  P'93,  P'98 
Katayoun  F.  Meyer  T'84 
Michael  John  Meyer  T'87 
Michael  Wilham  Meyer  T'84 
Elaine  Pouletsos  Milier  P'03,  P'07 
Martin  J.  Miller  L'68,  P'03,  P'07 
Margot  Wallach  Mihiken  P'07 
Roger  Milliken,  Jr.  P'07 
John  P.  Mills  T'43  + 
David  J.  Miniat  P'09 
Lisa  L.  Miniat  P'09 
Anne  B.  Mize  W'68 
Carol  Preston  Morgan  N'64,  P'90 
Thomas  H.  Morgan  T'63,  L'66,  P'90 
Barbara  Bass  Moroney  P'09 
James  McQueen  Moroney  111  P'09 
Patricia  Reilly  Morrison  P'09 


Thanks  to  all  of 
our  Young  Alumni 

Development  Council  and 
Young  Alumni  Peer 
Network  volunteers! 


Stuart  Scott  Morrison  P'09 

David  Ying  Yuen  Mui  P'08 

ErniheB.  Murphy  T'79 

George  E.  Murphy  E'77,  G'80,  P'09,  P'09 

Susan  M.  Murphy  P'09,  P'09 

Thomas  B.N'effP'10 

Leslie  L.  Neumeister  T'53,  P'88 

Karen  Farris  Neus  T'83 

Michael  C.  Neus  FR 

Barbara  C.NewborgFM  ME 

Peter  S.  Niculescu  FR 

Bryon  Nimocks  HI  FR 

If.irh.tra  Nims  N'71 

David  D.  Noble  L'66,  P'OO,  P'05,  P'06 

Iinda  Carole  Noel  P'07  P' 10 

Douglas  E.  Nordlinger  T'78,  P'09 

Margaret  Meads  Nordlinger  T'78,  P'09 

Leslie  Carl  Norms  M'62 

Key  lu  ™W,  ,.'/;,/  <ibhn->  iillimis:  I VI  Faculty  DUMC  FR: 


Rainev  NorinsFR 

Jinsuk  T  Oh  T'80,  P'09 

Katherine  E.  Oh  P'09 

Jorge  Luis  OrbayP' 10 

John  F.  Otto,  Jr.  P'09 

Nell  W.  Otto  P'09 

JohnT.F.  OxaalE'76 

David  B.PahrenT'85 

Judith  Wagoner  Pahren  T'84 

Robin  Panovka  L'86 

Paul  J.  Pantano.Jr.  L'80 

David  Melville  Parks  T'79 

Wilham  Chesley  Davis  Parr  T'95 

Jacque  H.  Passino,  Jr.  T'70,  P'97 

Pankaj  S.  Patel  P'09 

Evelyn  J.  Parker  Patrick  N'55,  N'56 

Roman  L.  Patrick  T'54,  M'57,  H'58,  H'62  HS 

David  Randolph  Peeler  T'87 

Jean  Derek  Penn  T'79,  B'84 

Robert  Read  Penn  T'74,  P'05,  P'08,  PI  1 

Katherine  Baker  Penn  T'74,  P'05,  P'08,  P'll 

Douglas  A.  Pertz  P'07 

Joanne  Pertz  P'07 

Scott  H.  Peters  T'80 

Reed  Phillips  m  T'79 

ZbignievvP.  PietrzakT'86 

Kim  Purcell  Pike  T'89 

Ehzabeth  Rice  Pilnik  N"80,  P'08,  P'08,  P'10 

Richard  Dal  Pilnik  T'79,  P'08,  P'08,  P'10 

David  Todd  Posen  T'83 

Josephine  Erwin  Powe  T'76,  P'09 

Fatine  K.  Prager  P'08,  P'10 

Richard  L.PragerT'8I 

Ehzabeth  Rothermel  Puckett  T'84 

J.  Puckett  in  T'84 

David  L.  Pugh  E'71,  P'05 

James  F.  Rabenhorst  E'64  FU 

Anthony  Francis  Rademeyer  P'08 

L.Scott  Rand  B'93 

Priscilla  Rattazzi-Whittle  P'08 

Elise  McDonough  Redmond  P'10 

Robert  D.  Redmond  P'10 

Kimberly  Dawn  Reed  T'86 
Joanna  Rees-Gallanter  T'83 
Janet  N.Regan  P'09,  P'10 

Patrick  M.Regan  P'09,  P'10 

Geoffreys.  Rehnert T'79 

Keith  Leon  Reinhard  P'08 

Rose-Lee  Simons  Reinhard  P'08 

Harvey  0.  Rich  T'6l 

Marilyn  Rich  FR 

C.  B.  Richardson  T'92 

Ann  Bigay  Ridenhour  T'90 

Steven  Strawn  Ridenhour  T'86 

JaneN.  RigbyFR 

Kevin  Joseph  Rigby  T'80 

Stephen  Reese  Rigsbee  T'78,  G'82 

Margarets.  RikerFR 

William  Irving  Riker,  Jr.  E'82 

Ceha  Allman  Roady  T'73,  L'76,  P'03 

Stephen  E.  Roady  L'76,  P'03  FU 

Holly  HinerRobbins  P'10 

John  Burton  Robbins  P'10 

Kevin  J.  Roche  T'80 

Margaret  Roche  FR 

Timothy  Peter  Rooney  E'80,  B'82 

Elise  Long  Rosen  T'86 

Jonathan  Barlow  Rosen  T'92 

Jonathan  David  Roth  B'90 
Melissa  K.  Roth  FR 

Neil  Stuart  Roth  T'87,  M'91 

Linda  M.  Rucci  FR 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Rodney  D.  Runestad  P'95,  P'02 

Christopher  Regis  Ryan  T'83 

Cvnthia  Ryan  FR 


Emilia  A.  Saint-Amand  W'65,  P'94 
Christopher  A.  Sales  FR 
Michele  Miller  Sales  T'78,  L'81  TF 
Robert  Gardner  Salisbury,  Jr. 

T'74,  B'81,P'04,  P'10 
TulaCahoon  Sahsbury  T'73,  P'04,  P'10 
George  J.  Sanders,  Jr.  T'48 
Marianne  Turtle  Sanders  W5 1 
Kelly  M.SandulliFR 
Richard  Parsons  Sandulh  T'84 
AngeloJ.SantinelliFR 
Jane  Sikorski  SanUneUi  T'82 
Robert  C.SauerT'58 
Lisa  Schatz  P'07 
Steven  M.  Schatz  P'07 
Joanne  Schiabor  P'09 
Scott  P.  Schiabor  P'09 
Elizabeth  York  Schiff  T'81,  L'85 
James  Andrew  Schiff  T'81 
Robert  A.  Schoellhorn  FR 
David  Ansten  Schoenholz  T'73 
Susan  Hadam  Schoenholz  N'73 
Amy  Beth  Schorr  P'10 
Brian  Lewis  Schorr  P'10 
Richard  Waldo  Scott  T'74,  L'77 
Cindy  J.  ScrippsT'78 

Henry  E.  Seibert  T'93 

Jody  Beth  Goldberg  Seibert  T'92 

Gary  L.  Sellers  P'09 

Robin  Stone  Sellers  P'09 

Albert  Lee  Seward  III  T'82 

Kathleen  E.  Shannon  P'06 

Ann  Schneider  Shapiro  P'09,  P'10 

Stephen  Todd  Shapiro  P'09,  P'10 

Barbara  Johnston  Shaughnessy 

T'79,  P'09,  P'10,  P'll 
John  P.  Shaughnessy  T'79,  P'09,  P'10,  P'll 

MaryAnn  Shea  P'09,  P'10 

Wilham  G.  Shean  B'84 

Gillian  M.  Shepherd  Mestre  P'03,  P'07 

Matthew  Ford  Sherwood  T'02 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Ned  L.  Sherwood  P'02 

John  H.  Shields  T'76,  P'06 

Marsha  McCombs  Shields  T'76,  P'06 

MarkLShifkeFR 

Patricia  Wiener  Shifke  T'80 

Lisa  Eaton  Sidhu  T'88 

Rupinder  S.  Sidhu  FR 

Hope  Sidman  T'92 

Paula  SidmanP'92,  P'94 

Helen  S.  Siedell  P'04 

Robert  A.  Siedell  P'04 

Adam  Silver  T'84 

Jonathan  M.  Silver  T'75,  P'04,  P'06 

Caroline  Mary  Simko  B'90 

Christopher  Charles  Simko  T'88 

J.  Stephen  Simon  E'65 

James  David  Simpson,  Jr.  T'81 

Susan  Eckhardt  Simpson  T'81 

Aditi  Singh  FR 

Malvinder  Mohan  Singh  B'98 

Shivinder  Mohan  Singh  B'OO 

Arthur  L.  Smith  T'74,  P'03 

Eva  Hargrave  Smith  W57,  P'93 

Lanty  L.  Smith  L'67,  P'94,  P'06  TE  TF 

Margaret  Chandler  Smith  W'66,  G'86,  P'94 

Margaret  Taylor  Smith  W'47,  P'72,  P'80 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Randall  D.  Smidi  P'02 

Shawn  McQueen  Smith  T'82 

Sherwood  Hubbard  Smith,  Jr.  P'93 

Sidney  W  Smith,  Jr.  T'43,  L'49,  P'72,  P'80 

Stewart  R.  Smith  P'05,  P'll 

Alan  Garrett  Snook  B'81 ,  P'99,  P'04 

Sharon  Mary  Snook  P'99,  P'04 

Deena  Annel  Spaulding-Penn  T'80 


Colin  B.  Starks  T'78,  B'79,  P'07,  P'08 

Laurie  S.  Starks  P'07,  P'08 

Carols.  Steed  P'06 

Michael  R.  Steed  P'06 

June  L.  Stein  P'08,  P'09 

Lee  H.  Stein  P'08,  P'09 

Brian  R.  Sterling  FR 

Unda  Hoffman  Sterling  T'82,  B'83 

Katherine  Goodman  Stern  W'46,  P'80  TE 

Robert  J.  Stets,  Jr.  E'92 

Gary  Robert  Stevenson  T'78,  P'08 

Marie  B.  Stevenson  P'08 

Diane  Louise  Stewart  FR 

Ruth  L.  Stober  FR 

Brandon  Hugh  Stray  E'01,X'02 

GaryH.  Stray  P'01,  P'06 

Ellen  Leane  Sun  FR 

PaulK.Sun,Jr.L'89 

Barbara  Hoover  Sutherland  T'75,  P'03,  P'06 

L.  Frederick  Sutherland  T'73,  P'03,  P'06 

W.John  SvvartzE'56,  P'89 

Jeffrey  E.  Tabak  T'79,  L'82,  P'04,  P'08 

Marilyn  Dickman  Tabak  T'79,  P'04,  P'08 

Ronald  Wayne  Takvorian  P'10 

Lorine  S.  Tanimoto  P'01,  P'06 

Mika  Johana  Tanimoto-Stroy  E'06 

Amy  Suzanne  Messing  Tanne  T'84 

FredTanneFR 

Tracy  Talleman  Tarry  T'82 

Wilham  Burvvell  Tarry  m  T'82 

Barbara  E.  Tasher  P'09 

Steven  A.  Tasher  P'09 

Louis  Warren  Taylor  P'10 

Tyrrell  Mathias  Taylor  P'10 

Ronald  Scott  Temple  T'90 

Margaret  Jones  Theis  W'47,  GP 

Robert  Joseph  Theis,  Sr.  GP 

Barbera  Thornhill  P'86 

Debra  R.  Timmerman  P'04 

Wilham  B.  Timmerman  T'68,  P'04 

Marianne  W.Tobias  P'90 

Randall  L.  Tobias  P'90  TE 

David  Joseph  Topper  T'79 

Domenica  Tough  P'07 

Douglas  D.  Tough  P'07 

Neely  P.  Towe  FR 

RolfH.ToweT'59 

Evelyn  L.Treacy  P'06 

Michael  E.  Treacy  P'06 

Robert  S.Trefiiy  T'78 

Maria  Tremols-Orbay  P'10 

Wilham  L.  True  T'77 

Seth  Ingrahm  Truwit  T'80,  P'  1 1 

Linda  Turley  FR 

Stewart  TurleyFR 

Jeffrey  W.Ubben  T'83 

Laura  Hess  Ubben  T'84 

Maurine  Whidey  Uhde  N'34,  P'71 

Katherine  S.  Upchurch  M'76,  P'10 

Amy  Fink  Urban  T'98 

Michael  Wilham  Urban  T'97 

PakpoomVaUisutaB'98 

Langdon  Van  Norden,  Jr.  T'88 

Chilton  D.  Varner  FR 

John  Angier  Vernon  T'73,  P'05 

Michele  Ruddy  Vernon  T'73,  P'05 

Diane  K.Volk  P'06 

Stephen  Volk  P'06 

Meredith  Von  Brock  von  Arentschildt 

T'82,  B'83 
Bruce  Lindsay  Vor  Broker  T'74,  P'05,  P'08 
G.  Richard  Wagoner,  Jr.  T'75,  P'06,  P'08  TR 
Kathleen  Kaylor  Wagoner  T'77,  P'06,  P'08 
Cynthia  Politica  Walden  E'80 
Mark  Christopher  Walden  T'81 


Fli:  Faculty  University  GP:  Grandparent 


I:  House  Staff  ME:  Faculty  Ementus  DUMC  P:  Parent  SM:  Staff  DUMC  St:  Staff  University  TE:  Trustee  Ementus  TF:  Former  Trustee  ' 


t:  Trustee  +:  Deceased 


Michael  Sherman  Walsh,  Jr.  E'65 

Teresa  Miles  Walsh  T'85,  B'S7 

Emil  Chi  Wei  Wang  P10 

Patricia  McCleary  Wang  P'10 

Victoria  Bostock  Waters  T'85 

John  H.  Weber  P'08 

Cary  Willis  WeemsT77,P'09 

Herron  P.  Weems,  P'09 

Charles  T.Wegner  IV  T'79 

Kenneth  L.  Weil  T'47 

Richard  MacCoy  Wed  T'85 

Michael  J.  Weir  P'07 

Carol  H.WeUerFR 

Joseph  M.WeUerFR 

Donna  R.  Wengert-Neff  P'05,  P'10 

David  L.  Were  T'78 

Mary  L.  Were  FR 

Stewart  James  Wetchler  P'07 

Andrew  Murray  White  E'84 

Katharyn  Mountain  Wlute  E'84 

Chris  Whittle  P'08 

Andrew  Bayard  Widmark  P'07,  P'09  FU 

Virginia  Hake  Widmark  P'07,  P'09 

Ashlin  Thomas  Wilbanks  FR 

Wayne  F.  WUbanks  T'82 

Jacquehne  A.  Williams  T'76,  D'79 

Jane  Stoddard  Williams  T'80 

L.  Ned  Williams.  Jr.  T'58,  L'6l,  P'81  TE 

Sue  S.Williams  P'81 

Christen  L.  Wilson  FR 

Derek  M.  Wilson  T'86,B'90 

Gary  Lee  WUson  T'62,  P'86  TE 

Thomas  W.  Winland  L'74,  P'98,  P'01,  P'04 

TylaW'inlandP'98,P'01,P'04 

Judy  C.  Woodruff  W'68,  G'98,  P'09  TE 

James  Conway  Yardley  T'73,  P'03 

Harold  L.  Yohjr. 

E'58,  P'83.  P'85,  P'87,  P'88,  P'93,  GP  TE 
Man'  Milus  Yoh 

W'59.  P'83,  P'85,  P'87,  P'88,  P'93,  GP 
Ann  York  P'85 
W.  Vann  York  P'85 
GwynneA.YoungW71TF 
Hilary  Wiener  Zarrow  T'79 
Scon  F.  Zarrow  FR 
David  John  ZezzaT'83 
Audrey  Zambetti  Zinman  T'83 
Richard  Scott  Zinman  T'82 
David  K.  Zwiener  T'76,  P'05,  P'08,  P'08 
Nancy  Burr  Zwiener  T'76,  P'05,  P'08,  P'08 
Howard  Zwilling  P'09 
Jane  Zwilling  P'09 


AriJackAckermanT'93 

Alfred  G.  Adams,  Jr.  T'70,  L'74,  P'01,  P'04 

Cliffords.  Adams T'65,  P'96 

Sarah  Harrington  Adams  W'70,  L'73,  P'01,  P'04 

Brian  F.  Addy  E'86 

Jean  S.  Addy  FR 

Andrew  E.  Adelson  L'66 

Virginia  Bonan  Adelson  FR 

Clvde  Vinson  .Alexander 

T'56,  M'59,  H'60,  H'63  HS 
Man  vk>\;uiderFR 
BradJ.  AwnsonFR 
HUary  Whitman  Allinson  T'87 
John  A.  Allison  IV  B74 
Kathleen  Conway  Alperin  T'82 
Mark  Richard  AJperinB'82 
Maiybeth  Althaus  FR 
Robert  W.  Althaus  E'71 
Robert  W.  Anderson  E'59,  P'88  FM 


Taimi  T.  Anderson  P'88 

Linda  Davis  Applegarth  P'08 

Paul  Volhner  Applegarth  P'08 

Lowell  Dean  Aptman  T'89 

Jolin  Pandely  Argenti  B'92 

Valerie  StaUings  Arias  T'84 

Andrew  J.  Armstrong,  Jr.  T'79,  P'06 

Brenda  E.  Armstrong  P'06 

Robert  Michael  Armstrong  T'82 

Champa  Asnani  P'04 

Haresh  Asnani  P'04 

L.  Edmund  Atwater  III  T'64,  L'67 

Ruth  Campbell  Austin  W'65 

Frida  Israel  Bagel  P'08 

Jerry  Bagel  P'08 

Harrison  M.  Bains,  Jr.  P'97.  P'OO 

Leslie  E.  Bains  P'97,  P'OO 

F  Weldon  Baird  T75,  P'04 

Vikki  Bubas  Baird  T75,  P'04 

Cynthia  Lee  Baker  T'87.  G'94 

Douglas  M.  Baker  FR 

Julie  Metzger  Baker  T'82 

William  Allen  Baker  III  T'79 

Mark  E.  Baldwin  E75,  P'07,  P'08 

Sally  P.  Baldwin  P'07,  P'08 

Margaret  Tillman  Ball  T75.  G78 

EricF.  BamE'-8,P'II 

Patricia  Susan  Bam  PI  1 

Bonnie  Maio  Bandeen  P'  1 1 

Robert  Derek  Bandeen  T'84.  B'85  PI  1 

David  H.  Barber  T'"2 

Linna  May  Barnes  L76,  P'09 

Judy  Baron  P'03 

Ronald  Baron  P'03 

Jasie  S.  Barringer  FR 

Jacquehne  Jeanne  Barth  T'87 

Carolyn  Cooney  Bartholdson  B'96 

John  Anders  Bartholdson  T'92 

Jolin  Willard  Barton  E'82,  M'86 

Michelle  H.  Barton  FR 

BritJ.BartterT'72,P'll 

Alan  Lawrence  Bateman  M74 

Diana  S.  Bateman  FR 

Shane  Courtney  Battier  T'OI 

Stephen  Ellis  Bear  T73 

Claudia  C.  Beard  P'88 

John  Q.  Beard  T'56,  L'60,  P'88 

Donna  Bearden  FR 

Robert  Alan  Bearden  T'79 

Judith  Olsen  Beaumont  T74,  G'78,  P'05,  P'l 

Scon  A.  Beaumont  P'05,  P'10 

Janice  Cohen  Beckmen  T'88,  B'92 

Jeffrey  Thomas  Beckmen  B'92 

Renee  Elizabeth  Becnel  T'86.  L'90.  L'90 

Barbara  J.  Bell  B'03 

Christopher  Edward  Benecchi  B'97 

Jane  Benenson  P'89 

Lawrence  B.  Benenson  T'89 

Geoffrey  Smart  Benson  T'92 

Charles  Andrew  Berardesco  T'80 

Eileen C.  Berger  P02,  P'06 

PaulR.  BergerT'71.P'02,  P'06 

Richard  K.  Berman  T'67 

Brian  Daniel  Bernard  T'88 

Lauren  Goldenberg  Bernard  T'89 

Michael  James  Bingle  E'94 

Frances  Lucille  Blackburn  T'80 

Marilyn  Few  Blair  FR 

Richard  M.  Blair  T'5 1 

GaryD.  Blake  T71 

Lawrence  E.  Blanchard  III  T72 

Byron  B.  Block  T'59 

Pam  S.  Block  FR 

Jonadian  David  Blum  T'92 

David  L.  Bodenhamer  T'52 


David  William  Bonser  T'84 
Judy  Perry  Booker  W71 
Diane  Brown  Bosek  B'83 
James  Charles  Bosek  B'83 
Kate  Bostock  T'94,B02 
Matthew  Franklin  Bostock  T'91 
Deborah  Harmon  Bouknight  FR 
J.  A.  Bouknight,Jr.L'68 


Gifts  to  the 
Annual  Fund 
help  pay  for 

♦  Innovative  programs 
like  the  interdisciplin; 
Focus  Program 

♦  Expansive  and  expensi' 
s  through 

sity  Librar 


David  F.  Bradley  FR 

Laura  Lee  Segal  Bradley  T'89,  L'92 

Caroline  Leutze  Brecker  T'87,  B'89 

M.  Brennan-Miller  FR 

Paula  K.  BresslerFR 

Rubin  Bressler  M'57 

Steven  Miller  Brister  T'85 

Laureen  Belle  Brocken  P'09 

Peter  C.  Brocken  E'67,  P'09 

Brenda  B.  Brodie  FR 

H.  Keith  H.BrodieFU  ME  SMTF 

Diana  Harmer  Brown  T'78 

Gary  Alan  Brown  T'83 

MelanieDorf  Brown  T'85 

Thomas  K.  Brown  FR 

William  G.Brown,  Jr.  T78 

Maryann  Esernio  Bmce  T'82 

Ronald  G.  Bruce  FR 

David  C.  Bryan  FR 

John  Timodiy  Bryan  T'83 

Elizabetii  Louise  Buder  Buffington  N'63,  P'8 

Joseph  S.  Buffington  M'71,  P'87 

Deborali  Doyle  Buley  P'10 

John  Michael  Buley  P'10 

Edgar  F.  Bunce.Jr.T'4l + 

Man  EUzabeth  Crawford  Bunce  W41 

Robert  H.  Bunn  P'09 

Sarah  M.  Bunn  P'09 

Paula  Phillips  Burger  W'67,  G74,  P'07  TR 

Peter  Corson  Burger  H75,  P'07 

Gail  Sullivan  Burke  T'78 

Ann  W.  Burrus  FR 

Robert  L.Burrus,  Jr.  L'58 

Bobby  W.  Bush,  Jr.  T76 

John  Matdiew  Bussel  T'91 

Chad  Alan  Buxton  T'88 

Lynn  Lloyd  Buxton  T'88 

Barry  Norman  Bycoff  P'06,  P'09 

Bonnie  Lynn  Herman  Bycoff  P'06,  P'09 

Elizabeth  S.  Caine  P'06 

Thomas  P.  Caine  T'67,  P'06 

James  E.  Caldwell  T'67 

Susan  Nance  Callaway  T'84,  G'93 

Thomas  Howard  Callaway  T'82,  B'93 

James  S.  Campbell,  Jr.  T'78,  P'07 

Lynn  H.Cappelh  P'06,  P' 11 


lenniier  Cocke  Carpenter  T'82 
Robert  D.  Caraway  T'62 
David  C.  Carroll  B'86 
Sally  Coonrad  Carroll  L'86 

C.  Thomas  Caskey  M'62,  H'65.  P'88 
Peggy  Pearce  Caskev  W'61,  P'88 
Fred  W.  Caswell  T'57,  P'81,  P'86,  P'87 
Sandra  Ratcliff Caswell  W'58,  P'81,  P'86,  P'87 
Robert  Jeffrey  Chandler  T'84 

William  W.  Chandler  T'79 

Deborali  S.  Chapin  P'06,  P'08,  P'll 

Stephen  C.  Chapin  T'76,  P'06.  P'08.  P'l  1 

Douglas  Brownlie  Chappell  T'83 

Erica  Roberts  Chappell  T'86 

Tzau  Jin  Chung  B'94 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Allen  C.  Church  FR 

Stephen!  Clark  T77 

Sara  Oarkson  T'86 

Carlotta  Mewborne  Clement  W"61,  P'84 

D.  Hayes  Clement,  Jr.  T'58,  P'84 
David  Redmon  Cobb  B'82 
Sara  B.  Cobb  FR 

Robert  P.  Cochran  L'74,  P'07,  P'09 

Suzanne  H.  Cochran  P'07,  P'09 

David  Michael  Cohen  T'84 

Gail  P.  Cohen  FR 

Laura  Steinschneider  Colebank  T79 

Bruce  Dawson  Coleman  T'82 

J.  Edward  Coleman  FR 

Julie  Proudfit  Coleman  T'92,  L'98  ST 

J.  Peter  Coll,  Jr.  T'65.  P'92 

Nancy  Swan  Coll  N"68,P'92 

Steven  Andiony  Columbaro  T'97 

Herman  Cone  HI  E78 

Anne  P.  Constant  W71 

Sheree  F.  Cooper  Levy  T'89 

Georgeann  C.  Corey  P'05 

George  N.Corey  T'69,P'05+ 

Ann  Douglas  Cornell  T75,  P'07,  P'09 

Ann  Stone  Costello  W'72.  P'04 

John  Henry  Costello  P'04 

Douglas  A.  Cotter  E'65 

Sandra  Sayre  Craig  G71 

W.Mark  Craig  D72 

Diana  L.  Crawford  P'01,  P'03,  P'05 

Thomas  W.  Crawford  P'01,  P'03,  P'05 

Edward  A.  Cronauer  P'09 

Julie  M.  Cronauer  P'09 

George  H.  Crowell  E'67,  P'05 

Nanq'  Melzer  Crowell  P'05 

Ann  Pelham  Cullen  T'74,  P'06 

Robert  B.  Cullen  P'06 

Rashad  Eugene  Dabaghi 

William  Charles  Dackis  E'44,  P73  GP 

Kathleen  Watkins  Dale-Foreman  W'43,  P71  TF 

Dolores  D'Angelo  FR 

Lawrence  J.  D'Angelo  M73 

Josephine  R.  Darden  FR 

Thomas  F.  Darden  FR 

lames  Christopher  Danes  E'81 


Hi 


Duke 

Annual 
Fund 


Charles  T.  Davidson  FR 

Joanne  Davidson  FR 

Jeffirey  Lakenan  Davis  T'81 

Julie  Welch  Davis  W'62,  L'64,  P'90 

Alexander  L.  Dean,  Jr.  E'86 

Gregory  DeMarco  F'91,  B'91 

Susan  Marie  Emmelt  DeMarco  B'90 

Jill  Dene  Denison  B*')6 

Madelaine  Treble  dePottere-Smith  L06,  G'06 

Robert  W.  Dickey  T'94,  L'97  ST 

FJizabeth  Ann  Daniel  Dickinson  W'61,  P'89 

Gary  W.  Dickson  FR 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Robert  Owen  Dierks  P"85,  P'90 

Laura  B.  Di  Giantonio  L79 

David  T.  Ditmars  T'64 

Michael  R.  Dockterman  L'78 

William  J.  DonahoeFR 

Tanya  DorhoutB'Ol 

Allan  R.  Dragone,  Jr.  FR 

Susan  Jane  Kerr  Dragone  T78 

Philip  Herbert  Dunn  M76,  P'07  FM 

Rebecca  Estes  Dunn  A78,  P'07 

Anne  0.  Durden  P'85 

Robert  F  Durden  P'85  FE  FU 

Donna  Williams  Eacho  T77 

William  C.  Eacho  III  T76 

Sylvia  A.  Earle  G'56,  G'66,  G'93 

Judith  Harris  Eason  FR 

William  E.Eason,  Jr.  T'65,L'68 

Shari  Schwartzman  Eberts  T'90 

W.  Neil  Eggleston  T75 

Frederick  E.  Ehrsam,  Jr.  E77,  P'10 

Lee  J.  EinbinderFR 

Lisa  Rubin  Einbinder  T'82 

James  A.  Elkins  III  FR 

Virginia  Arnold  ElkinsB'82 

Van  W.  Ellis  T'91,  L'94 

Frank  Edward  Emory,  Jr.  T79  TR 

Lisa  L.  Emory  FR 

Philip  Ellis  Erlenbach  T'56,  F81,  P'85 

Walter  Euyang,  Jr.  B'81 

Catherine  Everett  W72,  P'05,  P'07 

Craig  R.  FajnorT76 

Kathleen  Marie  Fallon  P'08 

Gail  Winter  Feagles  L76  P'08 

Prentiss  Eric  Feagles  L76,  P'08 

Bobbi  Fearnow  FR 

Edgar  Cecil  Fearnow  IH  T'81,  M'85 

Mary  Adams  Ferguson  W'69,  P'04 

Raymond  Buck  Ferguson  L70,  P'04 

Randolph  R.  Few  T'43,  P'82 

Shirley  Dana  Few  P'82 

James  Albert  Fieber  B'81,  L'81 

Anne  Keams Fields  N'82,  P'll 

Jack  Clifton  Fields,  Jr.  T'81,  P'  11 

Deborah  Davenport  Fildes  P'05,  P'10 

Richard  James  Fildes  T74,  P'05,  P'10 

HarryJ.FinkerVL'82 

Heather  Sutherland  Finke  T'87 

Thomas  Michael  Finke  B'9I 

Jean  Swofford  Firestone  L'82 

William  J.  Florence  niE'83 

Lynne  A.  Florian,  P'09 

Mark  Bolognesi  Florian  T'80,  P'09 

Doris  Flowers  FR 

Harold  L.  Flowers,  Sr.  E'38 

Dorlisa  King  Flur  T'87,  B'88 

Peter  Wade  Flur  E'86 

Robert  E.  Foreman  T'42 

Ross  Carey  Formell  G'87,  L87 

Thomas  Yves  Henri  Fousse  B'94 

Debbie  Lewis  Fox  D79 ,  P'10 

Deborah  Ruth  Fox 

James  R.  FoxT'bS,  L71,  P'10 

Sheldon  Michael  Fox  T'81 


Marcia  Freed  W70,  M74 

Susan  Fletcher  French  FR 

Luther  Frerichs  P'05 

Sarah  Frerichs  P'05 

Martha  Seeligson  Gafmey  T'87 

Paul  Benedict  Gaffney  T'86 

Richard  Joseph  Gagliano  B'89 

Elizabeth  Sturgen  Gaither  FR 

J.  Michael  Gaither  T74 

Joseph  Gallagher  FR 

Kathleen  E.  Viall  Gallagher  N75 

Jane  Heist  Camber  N'78,  B'80 

Scon  H.  Camber  B'79 

Jill  Moskowitz  Gardner  T'89 

Seth  Evan  Gardner  T'89,  L'94,  B'94 

Palmer  Peebles  Garson  T79,  P'04 

Douglas  D.  Garson  P'04 

Anthony  F.  Garvin  T'84,  B'89 

Ann  Gavin  FR 

James  Rapheal  Gavin  HI  M75,  H76  TR 

Paul  Alexander  Geier  T'85 

Stephanies.  GeierFR 

Ann  Pilgram  George  W'65,  P'93,  P'06 

WilhamW.  George  P'06 

Elizabeth  Whitmer  Gereghty  B'99 

James  G.  Gereghty,  Jr.  B'99 

David  Howard  Gersh  P'05 

Susan  Epstein  Gersh  P'05 

C.  GaryGerstE'6l,P'96 

Ellen  Twomey  Giannuzzi  T'80 

John  K.  Giannuzzi  FR 

Michael  J.  GiarlaFR 

Catherine  Rosa  Giegerich  P'09 

Thomas  William  Giegerich  L'80,  P'09 

Matthew  Q.  Giffuni  T'93,  L'96 

Carol  A.  Gilbert  P'06 

Terry  S.  Gilbert  T'66,  P'06 

Alice  Cowles  Giles  W'57,  G'58 

Peter  Mitchell  Gillon  T79,  P'll,  P'll 

Annette  Hinely  Gingher  W'44 

Clair  H.Gingher,  Jr.  E'43  + 

Mark  P.  GitomerT'69,  P'07 

Susan  W.  Gitomer  P'07 

Richards.  Glaser, Jr.  T76 

Howard  G.Godwin,  Jr.  L'69 

Mary  Ann  McDonough  Godwin  G'69 

PengOoiGohP'IO 

Jesse  Joe  Coins  P'05,  P'07 

Irwin  N.  Gold  T79 

Elisabeth  Stacy  Rogers  Golding  T79,  P'l  1 

Robert  M.Golding  P'll 

FredE.GoldringT79 

Keith  Kiley  Goldstein  T74 

Bruce  K.  Goodman  T'47 

Raymond  Hayes  Goodmon  HI  L'77 

Susan  S.  Goodmon  FR 

Kieran  William  Goodwin  T'91 

Abigail  ReardonCosnellL'81 

ArtliurA.  GosnellFR 

Courtney  G.  Godin  FR 

Matthew  A.  Gotlin  T'96 

Caroline  Bergman  Gottschalk  L'90 

Michael  GottschalkFR 

Sara  Simons  Graves  W'69,  P'06 

Wilham  T.  Graves,  Sr.  T'67,  L72,  P'06 

Nancy  Mayer  Green  P'04,  P'07 

Steven  Jay  Greenberg  G'82,  H'87 

Eric  R.  Greenspan  T72,  P'09 

Maxine  M.  Greenspan  P'09 

Donna  Coleman  Gregg  L74,  P'03,  P'05  FU 

Robert  Edgar  Gregg  L74,  P'03,  P'05 

James  S.  Grien  P'09 

Lauren  Gold  Grien  T'80,  P'09 

Joseph  M.  Griffin  T'56,  L'6l,P'84 

Priscilla  G.  Griffin  P'84 


Thanks  to  all  of  our 
Parents'  Committee 
volunteers! 


Key  lo symbols, n,dahbrciiali,ms:f\\  Fj  ull,  D'jr.if  IK  f-ierd  dl  Djke  El    Faculty  Unnrcrsity  CP:  Grandparent  I 


John  Michael  Grimes,  Jr.  T'90 

Charles  L.  Grossman  E'63 

Marie  Choborda  Grossman  W'63 

Jonathan  Michael  Guerster  E'86 

Kimberly  S.  Guerster  FR 

Susanne  Ingeburg  Haas  L'85,  L'87 

Jeffrey  CHadden  T'84 

Thomas  Andrew  Hale  L'82 

C.  Wells  Hall  III  L73 

Jennifer  E.  Hall  P'03,  P'04 

Roderick  Cameron  M.  Hall  P'03,  P'04 

Charlotte  Gibson  Halloran  T'83 

Anne  M.  Haltiwanger  FR 

Earl  Haltiwanger,  Jr.  M'51,  H'57 

N.  Allison  Haltom  W72,  P'Ol  SU 

Lawrence  Scott  Hamelsky  T'92 

Joyce  Harrold  Hamilton  W'65,  P'OO,  P'05 

Roger  C.  Hamilton  T'64,  P'OO,  P'05 

Patricia  Lister  Hanenberg  P'04 

Wilham  Joseph  Hanenberg  E73,  B'80,  P'04 

Dale  S.  Hanson  FR 

Monie  Thomas  Hardwick  P'08 

Thomas  Chandler  Hardwick  P'08 

Harry  H.  Harkins,  Jr.  T73 

Thomas  S.  Harman  T79 

Charles  L.  Harrington  P'08 

Diane  L.  Harrington  P'08 
Arthur  R.HartzeU,  Jr.  T'49 

Mary  Peacock  Harward  M'80,  P'06,  P'09 

Timothy  R.  S.  Harward  T75,  M79,  P'06,  P'09 

John  J.  HarvvoodT78 

Patricia  Ruth  Hader  T76 

James  D.  Haugh  T77 

Cammie  Robinson  Hauplfuhrer  T78,  P'08 

William  B.  Hauptfuhrer  P'08 

Philip  J.  Hawk  E76,  P'06 

Sara  A.  Hawk  P'06 

Paul  Abel  Hayes  P'08 

Roxanne  Nelson  Hayes  P'08 

Martha  J.  Hays  L'82 

Fritz  Healy  FR 

JohnM.  HealyFR 

David  Newell  Heaton  T'89 

James  Drury  Heerwagen  E'80 

Richard  G.  Heintzelman  F'69,  P'9I,  P'98 

Margaret  Wadsworth  Heinze  B'97 

PaulaS.  Heist  FR 

Peter  Gregg  Heist  E'81,B'85 

Cynthia  C.  Hemmerich  FR 

Michael  Richard  Hemmerich 

T'80,  L'85,  B'94  FU 
Leonard  G.  Herring  P'95 
Calvin  Hill  P'94 
Janet  Hill  P'94  TR 
Todd  Joshua  Hirsch  T'96 
Steven  E.HivelyT77 
George  C.  HLxon  P'02 
Karen  HLxon  P'02 
Sabrina  Francis  Hodgett  T'84 
Laurie  Simon  Hodrick  T'84 
Robert  J.  Hodrick  FR 
Harriet  T.  Holderness  P'06,  P'08 
Kathryn  Anne  Hollister  T'81 

Faculty  Emeritus  OUMC  P:  Parent  s.M  staff  DUMC  st  Staff  IMvert 


John  Richard  Holzgraefe  L79 

A.  Frank  Hooker,  Jr.  T'54  + 

Mark  E  Horning  P'08 

Ozey  Knight  Horton,  Jr.  E73 

Richard  Louis  Horvvitz  L'82 

Edward  Alexander  Howson,  Jr.  T'86 

Ann  Hampton  Hunt  G70 

Janet  Smith  Hunt  T'84 

William  Edwards  Hunt  T'84 

Herbert  H.  Hurst,  Jr.  T71 

Kathi  Stertzbach  Hurst  N72 

Dorothy  Addison  Hutcheson  T'80 

Edward  Lee  Hutcheson  FR 

Michael  S.  Immordino  L'86 

Jeffrey  D.  Lx  E78,  P'07 

Kathleen  Dobson  Lx  E79,  P'07 

Barbara  L.  Jamerson  P'09 

Robert  L.  Jamerson,  Jr.  T72,  B74,  P'09 

Anne  Keegan  Jamieson  P'07 

Edward  Burton  Jamieson  P'07 

John  Paul  Janka  T'84 

Dianne  Marie  Jardno  T74,  P'08 

Kimberly  J.  Jenkins  T76,  G77,  G'80,  P'08  TR 

Harry  W.Johnson  T'51,  M'55,  H'60,  P78 

Samuel  W  Johnson  T'69,  L72,  P'96,  P'99 

Velma  Harrison  Johnson  W'69,  P'96,  P'99 

Willie  Holt  Johnson  IU  T'88,  B'94,  L'94 

A.  Bruce  Johnston  E'81 

David  A.  Johnston  T'62,  P'91,  P'93 

Debbie  Johnston  FR 

L.  Merritt  Jones,  Jr.  T'52 

L.  Gregory  Jones  D'85,  G'88,  P'09  FU 

Susan  Pickens  Jones  W'52 

Scott  J.  Jones  FR 

Susan  Pendleton  Jones  D'83,  P'09  SU 

Walter  Curts  Jones  P'10 

Alan  L.  Kaganov  E'60 

Debbie  K.  Kahn  P'09 

Peter  J.  Kahn  L76,  P'09 

Nicholas  J.  Kaiser  T79 

Scott  Ian  Kaplan  T'92 

DavidJ.KapnickT76,  P'08 

Linda  N.  KapnickP'08 

Jeffrey  Ray  Kappa  T78,  M'81 

Rosanne  Pollack  Kappa  M'82 

Scot  Earl  KarrB'82 

Frederick  W.  Kast  T'62 

Jerome  C.KatzT72,  P'04,  P'07 

Robert  Charles  Kaufman  T74 

Christopher  K.  Kay  L78 

Gary  Earl  Kay  M'83,  P'll 

Mary  Beth  Bolhn  Kay  N'81,  P'll 

JohnL.  KeeHIT78 

Mrs.  John  L.  Kee,Jr.P78 

Christine  Keleher  Kelly  FR 

Christopher  Mark  Kelly  L'86 

Leo  Kevin  Kelly  B'99 

Michele  Kelly  FR 

Jennifer  Bancroft  Keller  T'86 

Christopher  John  KempczinskiT'91 

Heather  McCaslin  Kempczinski  T'91 

J.  Keith  Kennedy  T70.D74,  P'll 

Carol  Rogers  Kern  N'64,  P'94 

Cleveland  C.Kern,Jr.E'62,  P'94 

Glenn  E.  Ketner,  Jr.  T'60,  L'63,  P'96,  P'OO 

MaryC.  KilbournFR 

Christopher  J.  KingFR 

Gayle  P.  King  P'09 

Nancy  A.  Schoenberger  King  T'86 

Andrew  Louis  KirbyE'80,  P'09 

Nancy  T.KirbyP'09 

Carol  Kirkman  FR 

David  G.  Haber  L'69,  P'92,  P'94,  P'97 

Sally  Searcy  Kleberg  W'66,  P'91,  P'94  TF 

Alexandra  Bryan  Klein  T'81,  P'l  1 

TF:  Former  Trustee  TR:  Trustee  +:  Deceased 


Andrew  S.  Klein  T'75,  P'08 

Jeffrey  Dale  Klein  P'08 

Julia  Miller  Klein 

Mary  Kristin  Klein  T'82 

Joseph  Morris  Kochansky.Jr.  T'90 

Bradley  Jay  Korman  T'87 

Gerry  D.  Koumatos  E'80 

Robert  B.  Krakow  T78,L'81 

Kathryn  A.  Weichert  Kranbuhl  P'96,  P'98 

Kathryn  H.  Kranbuhl  T'96 

M.Kipp  Kranbuhl  T'98 

Jeffrey  P.  KrasnoffT77 

Margaret  Elizabeth  Krendl  T'94 

MaryGorterKreyT'81 

Kenneth  H.  KriegerFR 

Marguerite  Dravo  Krieger  W'45,  P'77+ 

George  R.  Krouse.Jr.  L'70,  P'93,  P'96 

Susan  N.  Krouse  P'93,  P'96 

Cathryn  T.  Kuhn  P'04 

Peter  A.  KuhnT71,  P'04 

Tara  Payne  Kupersmith  T'87 

Dudley  B.  Lacy  T72,  P'07 

Marian  Stone  Lacy  W72,  P'07 

George  C.  Lamb  III  T'75 

Gordon  R.  Lang  T'58 

Lawrence  Joseph  Lang  E'86 

Mary  Margaret  Gillin  Lang  T'81,  P'09,  PI 

Wesley  W.Lang,  Jr.  P'09,P' 11 

JoeIM.LaskerL'69,P'02+ 

Louise  Lasker  P'02 

Allan  Mitchell  LattsT'91,B'96 

KateShapiraLattsT'93,B'96 

Robert  N.  Laughlin  T'68,  P'97 

Cordeha  Reardon  Laverack  T'80,  P'l  1 

Wilham  Laverack,  Jr.  P'll 

Candace  Law  FR 

Eric  A.  Law  FR 

David  N.  Lawrence  P'05 

Deborah  Ceil  Lawrence  P'05 

Margaret  Athey  LawTence  G'03,  F'03 

Robert  S.Lawrence,  Jr.  B'03 

BillLee,Jr.T'51,P'78 

Marianne  Holhngsworth  Lee  W'52,  P'78 

Janet  LeelandFR 

Paul  Lee  Leeland  D'75,  D'75 

Anne  Sabiston  Leggen  T'78,  P'07 

Reid  Gordon  Leggen  T'78,  P'07 

Bettsy  Creigh  Leib  N'62,  P'93,  P'95 

Tom  E.  Leib  E'6l,  P'93,  P'95 

Tracy  Lowrey  Lenehan  B'98 

Janet  Tonka  Leonard  T'74 

Mark  Harris  Lerner  T'82,  M'87 

J.  Bancroft  Lesesne  T'68,  M'76 

Ralph  Michael  LeveneT'83 

Charles  Cauthen  Lever,  Sr.  P'06 

Xiomara  Gonzalez  Lever  P'06 

Paul  Howard  Levine  P'07 

Randi  Klein  Levine  P'07 

Dorothy  Felson  Levy  W57 

Donald  R.  Lincoln  L'67 

Mary  J.  Lincoln  FR 

Janet  A.  Lindsey  P'09 

Linda  Savage  Linsalata  P'08 

Ralph  Thomas  Linsalata  P'08 

Kenneth  Daniel  Little  B'96 

Stuart  D.Louie  TOO,  L'03 

Marian  Pecot  Lowry  W48 

Richard  Kenneth  Lublin  T'6l,  P'86 

Wilham  Kent  Luby  B'85 

James  E.  Luebchow  L'73,  P'06,  P'08 

Kathleen  Baxter  Lybass  W'60 

TillinghastG.  Lybass T'57,  M'6l,  H'63 

Gary  G.  Lynch  L'75,  P'05 

DebraSeeberLynnerP'10 

Terry  Arthur  LynnerP' 10 


Catherine  O'Hem  Lyons  B'94 

Robert  Lyons  FR 

Bruce  W.  MacEwenT'71 

J.  Matthew  Mackowski  T'76 

Susan  M.  Mackowski  FR 

Edgar  Maeyens,  Jr.  H'72 

Cynthia  Ann  Maleu's  P'09 

Edward  Lucas  MaleUs  P'09 

Christopher  D.  Mangum  L'85 

Susan  D.  Mangum  FR 

Bruno  Vincent  Manno  P'04 

Catherine  Scott  Manno  T'74,  P'04 

Kathy  Mansfield  P'll 

Todd  W.Mansfield  P'l  1 

Yibing  Mao  L'89 

Sharon  Kerrie  Marcil  T'88 

Frank  Edward  Mars  B'90 

Michael  John  Mars  T'91 

Susan  A.  Mars  FR 

Terri  Lynn  Mascherin  T'81 

Daniel  S.  Mason  L'72 

aare  James  Mathe  T'76,  P'05,  P'08 

Richard  Aloys  Mathe  T'75,  P'05,  P'08 

Blair  Henry  Mathies,  Jr.  T'79,  P'07,  P'09,  P'l 

Deborah  Stein  Mathies  T'78,  P'07,  P'09,  P'l 

Andrew  Walter  May  B'87 

Sara  Ecke  May  B'87 

Kenneth  E.  Mayhew,  Jr.  T'56,  P'84 

Cathy  Warren  McAuliffe  T'82 

James  Gerard  McAuliffe  FR 

Denise  L.  McCain-Tharnstrom  T'80 

GrayMcCalley,Jr.L79 

Mary  Jo  Beam  McCalley  T79 

DavidP.McCalhe,Jr.E75 

David  R.  McClayP'OlFU 

Margaret  A.  McCormick  FR 

Michael  D.  McCormick  T70 

Capers  W.  McDonald  E74 

Marion  Kiper  McDonald  T'75 

Thomas  Hugh  McGlade  T'82 

Patricia  Patrick  McGuinn  T'81 

Joe  McHugh  T'85 

Diane  Lynn  McKay  T'87,  G'00,  G'01  ST 

Colin  M.  McKinnon  T77,  B'82,  P'08 

Patterson  Neal  McKinnon  B'84,  P'08 

Wilham  Boston  McKinnon  1H  T'90 

Mark  Paul  McLaughlin  T'86 

Elizabeth  Kirby  McMahon  T79,  P'06,  P'll 

James  David  McMahon  T79,  P'06,  P'l  1 

Joseph  A.  McManus,  Jr.  L72 

Sean  J.  McManusT77 

John  T.  McNabb  II  T'66,  B79,  P'96 

Tracy  McNamara  FR 

Derek  Edward  McNulty  T'90 


Gifts  to  the 
Annual  Fund 
help  pay  for 

♦  Lab  start-up  costs 
for  new  faculty 

in  engineering  and 
the  sciences 

♦  Arts  programming 
and  lecture  series  for 
the  Duke  and 
Durham  communi  ' 


JackD.  McSpadden.Jr.  T'68,  P'08,  P'10 
Ruth  Ann  Wood  McSpadden  P'08,  P'10 
Patricks.  McVeigh  P'09 
Patricia  S.  McVeigh  P'09 
.Ana  Catarina  F.  Mendes  P'03 
Antonio  Mendes  L'67,  P'03 
John  Donald  Methfessel.  Jr.  L'86 
Bunny  Meyercord  P'95,  P'98 
F.  Duffield  Meyercord  P'95,  P'98 
Ellen  H.  Michelson  FR 
Bradley  Lewis  Miller  T'81 
David  James  Miller  E'81 
Donna  C.Miller  P'03,  P'05 
Douglas  J.  Miller  T'76,  P'03,  P'05 
Eric  Richard  Miller  P'10 
John  C.  H.  Miller,  Jr.  T'66,  P'94,  P'97,  P'OO 
Mindy  Hook  Miller  P'10 
Susan  R.  Miller  P'94,  P'97,  P'OO 
Terrence  J.  Miller  B'99 
Janet  Steel  Mishkin  W'69,  P'05 
Christian  J.  ML\1erL77,  P'09 
Mary  Bridget  Molloy  P'09 
Thomas  L.  Monahan  III  FR 
Stephen  A.  Mongillo  FR 
Ann  Whitney  Hvder  More  T75,  P'08 
Douglas  G.  More  T72,  P'08 
I.  Wistar  Morris  HI  P'95 
Martha  Hamilton  Morris  W'65,  P'95 
Robert  Gary  Moskowitz  L77 
Bmce  Elliot  Mosler  T79 
Wendy  Fass  Mosler  T'80 
Donal  Leo  Mulligan  T'83 
HarshaMurthyT'81 
Zahra  Abdul  Ghani  Nassar  B'05 
Karen  Marie  Natelli  P'10 
Thomas  Anthony  Natelli  E'82  P'10 
John  Joseph  Navin  III  T'81 
Gary  R.  Nelson  T'64,  P'95 
Kelli  Neptune  FR 
Lionel  William  Neptune  E'82 
N.J.  Nicholas, Jr.  FR 
Katherine  T.  Nichols  P'98,  P'01,  P'06 
Steven  S.  Nichols  P'98,  P'01,  P'06 
Lindsay  Elizabeth  North  T'81 
Richard  A.  NorthamT' 51 
Jeremiah 0.  Norton  TOO 
Carol  L.  O'Brien  FR 
Charles  H.0gburnT77,  P'll 
LisaD.  OgburnP'll 
Ray  M.  Olds  E'55 
Sandra  R.  Olds  FR 
David  C.  Olson  P'09 
Tara  N.  Olson  P'09 
Bradley  Richard  Onofrio  T'89 
Michelle  Epstein  Onofrio  FR 
JohnG.  OrdwayniE70 
Edward  Yale  Orenstein  T'82 
Linda  Orr  W'65  RI 
Charles  L.OverbyFR 
Amy  Factor  Oyer  T79,  P'09 
Jay  Howard  Oyer  T'78,  P'09 
Karen  Hopfer  Painter  P'OO 
William  E.  Painter  T'53,  M'57,  P'OO 
Richard  Laurence  Parish  LTJ  P'07 
Robin  Macfadden  Parish  P'07 
Virginia  Reynolds  Parker  T'80 
Jayshree  m'.  Patel  P'07 
Mahendra  R.  Patel  P'07 
Jarrod  Michael  Patten  T'94 
Robert  K.  Payson  T'6l,  L'64 
Arthur  W.  Peabody,  Jr.  T'65 
Nick  Pearson  T73.L76 
Carolyn  Ketner  Penny  W'57,  P'82,  P'84 
Wade  Hampton  Penny,  Jr. 
T'57,  L'60,  P'82,  P'84 


Clifford  W.  Perry.  Jr.  T'66,  P'93,  P'96,  P'OO 

Elizabeth  C.  Perry  P'93,  P'96,  P'OO 

Anna  Gunnarsson  Pfeiffer  T77,  P'08,  P'10 

Leonard  Pfeiffer  P'08.  P'  10 

Arthur  Phillips  P'09 

Carole  Taylor  Phillips  P'09 

Katherine  Land  Picard  W"66 

Anne  Rice  Pierce 

Charles  Edward  Wilson  Pierce  E78,  P'10 

Christopher  Richard  Plaut  T'84 

Suzanne  Tucker  Plybon  T'80 

David  R.  Poe  L74,  P'01 

Brian  Howard  Polovoy  T'89 

Harriet  Letzing  Poole  FR 

James  W.  Poole  T'59,  P'94 

Marcello  Gerardo  Porcelli  T'92 

Biggs  C.  Porter  T76 

Ann  Suker  Potter  T79 

Stephen  N.  Potter  T79 

Alicia  Brown  Powers  T'82 

James  F.  Powers  FR 

■Mice  Higdon  Prater  L'87 

Harlan  I.  Prater  IV  T'84,  L'87 

David  Lloyd  Pratt  E'85 

James  D.  Pratt  T'59 

Keith  T  Pratt  FR 

Terry  Pratt  FR 

Leslie  Susan  Prescott  E'88 

Laura  Beth  Pressley  R'94 

Susan  Carpenter  Priester  P'03,  P'06 

Rebecca  Davis  Prince  L'83 

Robert  B.  Pringle  L'69,  P'OO 

B.  Andrew  Rabin  T'88 
Chet  Singh  Ranawat  T'93 
Janice  M.  Randolph  P'09 
Wilham  B.  Randolph  P'09 
Curt  A.  RawleyE71 

Charles  Richard  Rayburn,  Jr.  L74,  P'05 

Yvonne  M.  Rayburn  P'05 

Arthur  G.  Raynes  T'56  + 

Diane  S.  Raynes  FR 

Matthew  Ira  Rebold  T'81 

Nancy  B.  ReboldFR 

William  G.  Reed,  Jr.  T'6l 

Edward  M.  Reefe  E'68,  P'93,  P'99 

Nora  Lea  Rogers  Reefe  W'67,  P'93,  P'99 

Glenn  Richard  Reichardt  T73,  P'03,  P'09 

Lawrence  Adam  Reid  T'84 

Margaret  Conant  Reiser  T77 

Robert  E.  Reiser,  Jr.  FR 

Christopher  Martin  Relyea  E'80 

Randolph  K.  Repass  E'66 

Michael  George  Rhodes  E'87 

Dana  Rhule-Louie  TOO 

C.  Larry  Rice  T'54 

Nancy  Aikens  Rich  W'69,  P'02,  P'05 
Simon  B.Rich,  Jr.  T'67,P'02,  P'05 
Christine  Peterjohn  Richards  L79 
Daniel  R.  Richards  B'80 
Jerry  Richardson  FR 

CONTINUED  NEXT  PAGE 


m 


Duke 

Annual 
Fund 


♦  Local  treasures  like 
the  Sarah  P.  Duke 
Gardens,  the  Nasher 
Museum  of  Art, 
and  the  Duke  Chapel 


Rosalind  Richardson  FR 

John  Francis  Rigney  L'84,  B'84 

Karen  W.  Rigney  B'83 

PhilippL.  RimmlerT78 

Quinn  Stephen  Riordan  T'87 

Patricia  M.  Risher  P'88 

PaulD.  RisherE'57,P'88 

Nelson  C.  Rising  P'91,P'07 

Sharon  S.  Rising  P'91,P'07 

Steven  F.  Roark  T'74,  M'78,  P'05,  P'07 

Virginia  White  Roark  T'74,  G'87,  P'05,  P'07 

Beth  K.  Roberts  P'08 

Lee  Harriss  Roberts  T'90 

Ann  Lennon  Robinson  P'08 

Russell  Marable  Robinson  Ul  T'81 

Russell  M.  Robinson  II 

T'54,  L'56,  P'78,  P'81,  P'84  GP 

34GPTE 
Joe  J.  Robnett,Jr.E'49 
Donald  E.  Rocap  T'77 
Sally-Christine  Rodgers  FR 
Bruce  L.  Rogers  L'87 
Sally  K.  Rogers  FR 
James  Harris  Rooney  T'86,  B'92 
Jennifer  O'Connor  Rooney  T'88 
Alfred  K.  Ross  T'67 
Douglas  Ross  FR 
Megan  Waterfield  Ross  T'97 
James  Stuart  RoweL'91 
Thomas  D.  Rowe.Jr.  FU 
Scott  Robert  Royster  T'87 
Michael  C.  Russ  T'66,  L'69,  P'OO 
Mark  William  Ryan  L'81 
Helen  ZimmerlySachaP'03,  P'10 
JohnF.SachaT'70,P'03,P'10 
Joan  B.  Sadler  P'79 
John  H.  Sadler  T'57,  M'60,  M'60,  P'79 
Joseph  A.  Saldutti  P'88,  P'OO,  P'02 
I.ynne  Faylor  Saldutti  W'6l,  P'88,  P'OO,  P'02 
Alan  R.  Saltiel  T'75,  P'04 
Swanna  Cameron  Saltiel  P'04 
Geetha  Rao  Sant  T'86 
TimothyS.  Sant  T'86 
Kathleen  M.  Sanzo  T'79,  P'  10 
Heather  Johnson  Sargent  T'96 
Adrian  Sawczuk  B'97 
Cornelia  I  rhan  Sawczuk  B'97 
Maty  Burwell  Scarborough  P'08 
Paul  Ruffin  Scarborough  E'72,  P'08 
Margaret  Schaftel  FR 
Michael  Scott  Schaftel  B'94 
A.  Daniel  Scheinman  L'87 
Zoe  Scheinman  FR 
Phillip  J.  SchemelFR 
Larry  R  Schumann  T'70,  P'01 
Diane  Schwartz  FR 

Jared  Naphtali  Schwartz  M'74,  G'75,  H'77 
Martin  Lerner  Schwartz  M'71,  G'72 
Michael  J.  Schwartz  G'71,  L'82,  P'94 


Phyllis  J.  Schwartz  P'94 

Amy  Wilson  Scott  N'82 

John  Lemley  Scott  T'82 

Joyce  Alaine  Scott  G'73 

Thomas  H.  Sear  L'72 

JohnE.SeddelmeyerT71 

Sarah  R.  Seddelmeyer  FR 

Robert  L.  Seelig  E'90,  B'91 

Stacy  Leigh  Sempier  T'81 

Nancy  Sensenbrenner  T'87 

Marcy  K.  Shack  P'08 

WUliam  Peter  Shack  T'75,  P'08 

Celestea  Gentry  Sharp  T'73 

Jesse  M.  Shefferman  B'07,  B'07 

Anne  Shepherd  P'99,  P'01,  P'02 

Thomas  A.  Shepherd  T'6l,  P'99,  P'01,  P'02 

WUliam  Scott  ShilladyD'81 

NealMasakiShinsatoT'87 

A,  Courtney  Shives,  Jr.  T'66 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  John  D.  Shytle  FR 

Pamela  Kaye  Silverman  L'81 

Fredrika  C.  Simmons  T'75,  P'10 

Katherine  Larkin  Simon  FR 

Kurt  Norman  Simon  T'87 

George  \nthony  Simonetti  B'06 

Elizabeth  Brown  Simpson  N'74,  R'81 

Walter  W.Simpson  III  B'74 

Stephen  Robert  Sleigh  B'91 

Carol  C.  Sloan  FR 

Cyrus  Hamilton  Sloan  T'63,  P'91 

0.  Temple  Sloan,  Jr.  T'6l 

Ann  CrandaU  Sloan  W'63,  P'91 

Beverly  Markham  SmaU  W'49,  P'74,  P'80 

Gaston  E.SmaU,  Jr.  P'74,  P'80 

Barbara  Crnekovic  Smit  T'79,  P'  11 

NeilSmit,Jr.T'80,P'll 

Charles  T.  Smith,  Jr.  T'54 

Geoffrey  Scott  Smith  T'94 

Gordon  L.  Smith,  Jr.  E'48 

Greg  H.  Smith  P'09 

Jams  L.  Smith  P'09 

Tanya  RoUe  Smith  T'94,  L'98  ST 

David  Madison  Smoot  IV  T'91 

Robert  D.SneUT'69 

Steven  Jay  Snider  B'92 

Elizabeth  Stewart  Snowdon  B'01 

Jennifer  Johnson  Sober  T'97 

Paul  Martin  Sober  E'97 

Swen  C.  Soderstrom,  Jr.  E'75,  P'10 

Jyoti  Uka  Solanki  B'06 

Jose  I.  Solera  P'06 

Meg  L.  Solera  P'06 

Ole  M.  Sorensen  P'94 

Suci  G.  Sorensen  P'94 

Mary  Rhamstiuc  Spain  Won 

David  P.  Spearman  E'77,  P'06,  P'08,  PI  1 

Patricia  A.  Spearman  P'06,  P'08,  P'll 

Elaine  Specter  FR 

Howard  Specter  FR 

Joanne  0.  Spillane  P'06 

Richard  A.  SpiUane  P'06 

Kristin  Cain  Spindler  T'89 

Anne  Strickland  Squadron  W'62,  P'97 

Charles  Arthur  Stark  T'83,  G'85 

Julie  A.  Stark  FR 

Alice  M.  Starr  FR 

Kenneth  W.  Starr  L73,  P'OO 

Alison  D.  Stearns  FR 

Neal  K.  Stearns  T'79 

Roger  H.  Stein  L'88 

Smart  Mark  Stein  L'78 

Lucia  Bassett  Steinhilber  T'77 

Steven  R.  Steinhilber  T76 

Raymond  Francis  Steitz  B'79 

W.Bradford  Stephens  T'98 


Janet  R.  Stern  P'07 

Jeanette  Stern  FR 

Matthew  Bruce  Stern  M78,  P'07 

David  H.  Stevens  T'56 

Timothy  Maltby  Stevens,  Jr.  B'96 

Victoria  K.  Stevens  FR 

\irginia  Ukinson  Stevens  W'57 

WiUiam  F.  Stevens  L70 

EUenWeilerSUenerT'80,P'09 

Frances  Robertson  Stroh  T'89 

Catherine  Stuart  FR 

James  L.  Stuart  E71 

Daniel  Joseph  Sullivan,  Jr.  T'74,  G'80 

J.  Blake  Sullivan  F'89 

Jean  Farrell  Sullivan  T'77,  P'06,  P'08 

Mimi  R.  Sullivan  FR 

Stephen  J.  Sullivan  T'77,  P'06,  P'08 

Lani  Lee  Sung  P'07 

Kent  Alan  Swanson  T'82 

Alan  Mark Talpalar T'83,  P'll 

Cheryl  Rachel  Singer  Talpalar  T'82,  P'l  1 

David  K.  Taylor,  Jr.  T'47,L'49  11 

GeorgeS.  Taylor  E78 

Carol  Susan  Tedman  FR 

Charles  A.  Tharnstrom  E79 

Carolyn  Thomas  FR 

Leanna  Matthews  Thomas  W'66 

Gary  D.  Thompson  E'62 

Elisabeth  Gindrat  Thorington  T'83 

Neil  Hugh  Tofsky  P'08 

Pam  Tofsky  P'08 

Nguk  Ping  Tong  P'10 

David  Lawrence  Trautman  T'83 

Joan  Young  Trautman  T'83 

David  A.  Trice  T70,  P'04 

Kathy  Holland  Trice  W71,  P'04 

Elizabeth  Grimes  Triggs  FR 

Gene  Austin  Triggs  T'75 

DebbiTiceTuckT'85,G'90 

Russell  Raymond  Tuck  HI  T'84,  G'87,  G'90 

Donald  H.  Turnbull  E'68 

DanielJ.Tyukody,JrT78 

Sandra  A.  Urie  P'04 

Natan  Vaisman  P'08 

Christian  Van  Thillo  B'89 

Anne  K.  Van  Wert  P'10 

John  West  Van  Wert  T'80,  P'10 

Constance  Elizabeth  Vaught  N73,  P'01 

John  V.  Verner  T'50,  M'54,  H'54,  H'59,  P72,  P'86 

SaUy  Prosser  Verner  W51,  P72,  P'86 

Charles  Von  Mueffling  T'92 

Michael  Arney  Wade  B'03 

Robert  Rudolph  WahlE'89 

Ann  Harris  Walker  W53 

Clarence  W.  Walker  T'53,  L'55,  P'81 

Donald  S.  WaU  E'43 

Ursula  Petre  WaU  W45 

James  V.  Walsh  T'74,  P'02,  P'09 

Patricia  F.Walsh  P'02  P'09 

Timothy  Dew  Warmath  T'84 

Marion  Theresa  Rucker  Watkins  T'96,  L'99 

Seth  Alain  Watkins  E'92,  G'93,  G'96,  L'99  ST 

Elaine  McWhorter  Watson  W'64,  P'91 

William  E.  Watson  T'64,  P'91 

John  Charles  Weber,  Jr.  B'01 

MerrittW.  Weber  FR 

Diana  Marti  Weed  T'97,  L'02,  L'02 

Audrey  York  Weil  T'82 

Kenneth  Mark  WeUE'82 

Clifford  Mark  Weiner  B'84 

Carol  ReidyWeingart  T'82,  P'll 

Jon  David  Weingart  T'83,  M'87,  P'  1 1 

Karen  Reid  Weiss  T'80 

Chrisune  Hayes  WeUerT'OO 

Jeffrey  Micheal  WeUer  FR 


Corinne  Dimou  Welsh  P'07,  P'09 

Scott  Thomson  Welsh  T76,  P'07,  P'09 

Anne  Roebken  West  N'61 

Kim  WUliam  West  L77 

Mary  Marcus  West  FR 

Roberts.  West  T72 

WUliam  K.  West,  Jr.  E'59,L'62 

CampbeUL.  Wester  FR 

John  R.  Wester  L'72 

Mark  Whittaker  Whalen  B'80 

Gerald  R.WhittE72 

E.FayeWickershamP'90,P'92 

Warren  G.  Wickersham  T'60,  P'90,  P'92 

James  Frederick  Wickett,  P'10 

Earl  L.  Wiener  T'55 

SaUy  Wiener  FR 

Charlotte  Williams  P'74 

Claude  Williams,  Jr.  P'74 

Dennis  E.  Williams  T71,  P'01 

Jennifer  Scheid  WiUiams  A74,  P'09 

Kathleen  McConneU  WiUiams  T'80,  P'l  1 

Pamela  Larsen  Williams  T'81 

R.  Sanders  WiUiams  M'74,  H'80,  P'09  SM 

DanHaUWUloughby,Jr.T'82 

Katherine  Getzen  WUloughby  T'80 

Brian  BakarWUsey  T'97 

Christine  Hertz  Wolf  FR 

Douglas  Charles  Wolf  T'75 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Tom  K.  Wolfe  P'02 

Brooksley  Spence  WyUe  T'86 

James  Andrew  WyUe,  Jr.  B'91 

Michael  Takashi  Yamamoto  E'85 

John  M.  Yarborough  T77,  P'10 

John  C.  Yates  T78,  L'81 

EUen  Cobb  Yates  T'79 

MagdalenaYesU  P'10 

Louise  WYoder  P'10 

Stephen  A.  YoderT75,  P'10 

Harold  Lionel  Yoh  III  E'83,  P'09 

Michael  H.  Yoh  E'85 

Sharon  Crutcher  Yoh  T'83,  P'09 

Nancy  Lynn  Yu  T'89 

Anne  Louise  Zachry  T'93 

Jonathan  Marc  Zeitler  T'87,  L'93 

Herbert  J.  ZimmerT'67,  P'OO,  P'04 

RonnaT.Zimmer  P'OO,  P'04 

Bruce  Edward  Zimmerman  T'79 

Laura  Z.  Volk  Zimmerman  W'67 

Nancy  Levine  Zisk  T'80,  L'83,  P'08 

Robert  Louis  ZiskL'83,  P'08 

CarlaA.  Zorub  P'97,  P'98 

David  S.  Zorub  H71,  H76,  P'97,  P'98 

JoAnn  L.  Zuercher  P'03,  P'09 

Paul  Adam  ZwUlen berg  T'89 


wm 


Duke 

Annual 
Fund 

Every  effort  has  been  made  to  assure  the 
accuracy  ni  tins  listing.  If  you  find  an  error, 
please  contact  Pam  Jones  at 
pam.a.jones@duke.edu  or  919-684-4419. 


FM:  Faculty  DUMC  FR  Friend  ol  Duke  Fl':  Faculty  University  CP:  Grandparent  H:  House  Staff  ME:  Faculty  Emeritus  DUMC  P:  Parent  SM:  Staff  DUMC  sit  Staff  University  TE:  Trustee  Emeritus  TF:  Former  Trustee  TR:  Trustee  +:Deceased 


Freshman  checklist:  Slide  ruler?  Check.  Manual  typewriter?  Check.  Dink?  Firmly  in  place.  Jabus  "Jay" 

Walter  Braxton  Jr.  '61  eyes  his  class  textbooks  at  the  start  of  the  1957  fall  semester.  PAofo:  Duke  University  Archives 


"Medical  students  at  Duke  get  involved 

with  exciting  and  important  research." 


•ANDREA    TSAI    M  '  0  9 


Alumni  Register 


Outstanding  Volunteers 

The  Duke  Alumni  Association  and  the 
Annual  Fund  will  present  Charles  A. 
Dukes  Awards  to  four  alumni  for  out- 
standing volunteer  service  to  the  uni- 
versity. The  awards  are  named  for  the  late 
Dukes  79,  director  of  alumni  affairs  from 
1944  to  1963,  and  honor  individuals  who 
reflect  his  dedication  to  the  university.  Dukes 
award  winners  are  selected  by  the  DAA 
board  of  directors  and  the  executive  com- 
mittee of  the  Annual  Fund. 

This  year's  recipients  are  Babita  Lai 
Deitrich  B.S.E.  '89,  M.B.A.  '96;  Sibyelle 
Gierschmann  J.D.  '99;  Kathleen  E.  Viall 
Gallagher  B.S.N.  75;  and  David  E.  Ma- 
jestic '80,  M.H.A.  '83. 

Deitrich  is  the  Engineering  Alumni  As- 
sociation vice  president  for  this  academic 
year.  She  has  been  a  member  of  the  En- 
gineering Alumni  Association  Council  since 
2002.  "It  makes  me  feel  good  to  share  my 
skills,  experience,  and  ideas  to  further  this 
university  and  support  all  of  its  stakehold- 
ers," she  says.  She  adds  that  volunteering 
has  been  "a  thought-provoking  journey" 
that  has  allowed  her  to  re-engage  with  the 
Pratt  School,  including  current  students. 
She  lives  in  Austin,  Texas. 

Gallagher,  of  Ambler,  Pennsylvania,  has 
held  several  volunteer  positions  with  her 
nursing-school  class.  She  has  been  a  nursing 
class  representative  for  the  Annual  Fund; 
nursing  class  chair  or  co-chair  of  her  15th, 
20th,  25th,  and  30th  reunions;  and  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Nursing  Advisory  Council  and 
chair  of  the  fundraising  committee.  The 
university  "has  provided  me  with  many  op- 
portunities and  enriched  my  life  in  many 
ways,"  she  says.  "From  the  moment  I  saw  the 
four  spires  of  the  chapel,  I  have  been  in  love 
with  and  inspired  by  all  that  is  Duke.  Being  a 
part  of  the  Duke  community  has  given  me  the 
opportunity  to  be  a  part  of  something  bigger 
than  myself,  and  for  that  I  am  grateful." 
Gierschmann,  who  lives  in  Munich,  is  a 

Woogle  factor:  Players  Anthony  Pilnik,  Michael 
Ranson,  and  Kevin  Palka,  from  left,  try  to  steer 
clear  of  the  looming  magnolia  tree,  which  can  have 
an  unpredictable  influence  on  the  game's  outcome 


founding  member  of  the  Duke  Club  of  Ger- 
many; she  became  co-president  in  2001  and 
is  now  president.  She  is  also  a  member  of 
the  Duke  Law  Alumni  Board.  "I  like  to  vol- 
unteer for  Duke  because  I  would  like  to  give 
back  to  the  university,  help  others  to  have 
the  same  great  experience,  keep  up  the 
'Duke  spirit'  abroad,  and  network  with 
Dukies,"  she  says.  "After  six  years  of  organ- 
izing events  for  the  Duke  Club  of  Germany, 
I  am  still  astonished  by  the  fact  that  every 
event  is  a  nice  one,  because  you  are  sure  to 
have  fun,  open-minded,  and  interesting 
people  on  board." 

Majestic,  a  twenty-four-year  employee  of 
the  university  and  a  Durham  resident,  is  the 
director  of  planning  for  Auxiliary  Services. 
He  is  a  longtime  volunteer  for  the  Duke 
Children's  Classic,  a  celebrity  golf  tourna- 
ment that  raises  funds  for  the  Duke  Chil- 
dren's Hospital,  and  for  the  Jimmy  V  Kids 
Klassic,  which  supports  cancer  patients  at 
the  children's  hospital.  Majestic  also  has 
worked  with  the  Duke  student  group  Toys 
'n'  Tales,  which  provides  gifts  to  a  local  ele- 
mentary school  during  the  holiday  season. 
Beyond  his  Duke  volunteer  activities,  he 
raises  funds  for  Durham  school  children  as  a 


founding  member  of  the  Bull  City  League. 

"I  believe  that  fortunate  and  responsible 
members  of  a  community  are  obligated  to 
invest  in  and  provide  support  to  less  fortu- 
nate community  members,"  he  says.  "The 
doctors,  nurses,  and  staff  at  Duke  Children's 
Hospital  enable  families  to  maintain  a  sense 
of  hope  and  strength  to  overcome  the  med- 
ical hardship  they  face.  Volunteering  for 
these  worthy  causes  helps  me  keep  in  per- 
spective and  to  appreciate  the  good  fortune 
of  my  [own]  family." 

Scum,Wooglin\ 

and  Other  Life  Lessons 

When  the  brothers  of  Beta  Theta  Pi 
talk  about  the  game  Lo-lai,  it  is  as 
if  they  are  discussing  a  coded  phi- 
losophy. 
"You  can  find  all  the  lessons  of  life  in  Lo- 
lai,"  says  Noah  Bierman  '95.  "(a)  The  court 
never  lies;  (b)  wooglin'  intervenes  in  our 
lives  in  ways  we  can't  understand;  (c)  some- 
times scum  gets  in  your  way."  (More  on  these 
terms  later.) 
To  the  average  bystander,  these  lessons 


November -December  2007 


Duke  Alumni  Association 

Board  of  Directors,  2007-08 

President:  Thomas  C.Clark '69 

President-elect:  Ann  Pelham  '74 

Secretary-treasurer:  Sterly  L.  Wilder  '83 

Vice  Presidents: 

J.  Brett  Bennett  M.H.A.  '86 

Ann  Wooster  Elliott '88 

Amy  Schick  Kenney  '96,  M.E.M.  '98 

Hardy  Vieux '93 

Derek  Moody  Wilson '86,  M.B.A. '90 

Duke  Magazine  Editorial  Advisory  Board  representative: 

Peter  Applebome  '71 

Directors-at-large: 

Nelson  C.Bellido  '89 

Matthew  F.Bostock  '91 

Emily  Busse  Bragg '78 

Daniel  M.  Dickinson  B.S.E.  '83 

Julia  Borger  Ferguson '81 

Artyn  Haig  Gardner  '73 


Stacey  Maya  Gray  '95 


I '76 


Anne  DeVoe  Lawler  75 
Jeremiah  O.Norton '00 
John  David  Ross  Jr. '92 
Caroline  Christy  Susman  '88 
Dawn  M.Taylor '89 
MelviaL  Wallace  '85 
James  V.Walsh '74 
Samuel  Wei  Teh  Wang '86 
Professional  school  representatives: 
Carmichael  Roberts  Jr. '90,  Ph.D. '95 

Graduate  School  of  Arts  and  Sciences 
Wyman  Frasier  Davis  '87,  M.Div.  '95,  Divinity  School 
Elizabeth  W.  Parker  M.B.A.  '85,  Fuqua  School  of  Business 
Amy  Schick  Kenney '96,  M.E.M. '98 

Nicholas  School  of  the  Environment  and  Earth  Sciences 
Timothy  R.  Davis  B.S.E.  '92,  Pratt  School  of  Engineering 
J.  Brett  Bennett  M.H.A.  '86 

Department  of  Health  Administration 
Lori  Terens  Holshouser  '77,  J.D.  '80,  School  of  Law 
William  Cooke  Andrews  Jr.  '76,  M.D.  '80,  School  of  Medicine 
Martha  Cohn  Romney  B.S.N.  '77,  School  of  Nursing 
Holly  Eggert  Duchene  D.P.T.  '03 

Graduate  Program  in  Physical  Therapy 
Faculty  representatives: 
James  N.Siedow, 

Professor  of  Biology  and  Vice  Provost  for  Research 
Thomas  W.  Robisheaux  '74,  Associate  Professor  of  History 
Student  representatives: 
Hasnain  Zaidi  '08,  President,  Class  of  2008 
Lauren  Lee-Houghton  '09,  President,  Class  of  2009 
Render  Braswell  '10,  President,  Class  of  2010 
Paul  Slattery  '08,  President,  Duke  Student  Government 
Crystal  Brown  L '08,  President, 

Graduate  and  Professional  Student  Council 
Honorary  members: 

N.  Allison  Haltom  72,  Vice  President  and  University  Secretary 
William  E.  King  '61,  A.M.  '63,  Ph.D.  '70 

University  Archivist  Emeritus 
Suzanne  J.  Wasiolek  76,  M.H.A.  78,  LL.M.  '93 

Assistant  Vice  President  for  Student  Affairs 
Gerald  L.  Wilson  B.D.  '61,  A.M.  '68 

Senior  Associate  Dean,  Trinity  College 


Courtside:  Tournament  play 
continued  into  dusk,  left; 
Los  Pantalones  Calientes' 
Sam  Ledgerwood,  below, 
prepares  to  serve  as  team- 
mate Dave  Lampp  looks  on 


sound  like  gobbledygook,  but  they  make  per- 
fect sense  to  the  fifty  Beta  Theta  Pi  alumni 
who  gathered  at  Wannamaker  Dormitory  in 
late  summer  for  a  reunion  tournament  of 
the  game  invented  by  the  fraternity.  The 
impetus  for  the  Saturday  tournament  was  a 
sad  one:  The  fraternity  recently  lost  its 
housing  rights  because  of  low  membership. 
These  could  be  the  last  days  of  Beta  Theta 
Pi — but  not,  the  alumni  hope,  for  Lo-lai. 

"It  was  much  more  of  a  concern  that  this 
game  survive,"  says  Neill  Goslin  '92.  "We 
built  it  up  over  fifty  years,  and  we  don't  want 
it  to  disappear."  Noting  the  number  of  peo- 
ple in  attendance,  he  observes  that  "this  is 
more  than  we  would  get  at  a  wedding." 

Goslin  and  his  teammate,  Wil  Weldon  '96, 
both  of  whom  live  in  Durham,  organized 
the  tournament.  Lo-lai  (pronounced  low-lie) 
enthusiasts  from  classes  as  far  back  as  1992 
came  from  as  far  away  as  San  Francisco  for 
the  event,  toting  their  A-games  and  their 
egos.  The  team  of  Dave  Lampp  '97  and  Sam 
Ledgerwood  '96  made  bright  red  shirts  with 
their  name,  Los  Pantalones  Calientes — Hot 
Pants — emblazoned  in  yellow  on  the  front. 

"Half  of  the  game  is  just  the  smack  talk 
that  comes  with  it,"  says  Goslin.  "Especially 
if  you  don't  have  the  skill,  you  can  add  a 
certain  flare  to  your  game." 

This  year  marks  the  fiftieth  anniversary 
of  what  was  once  a  "renegade"  game.  It  is 
played  against  the  wall  of  Wannamaker  that 
faces  Tower  Drive.  There,  a  makeshift  court 
is  created  by  Wannamaker  and  two  sloping 
cement  walls.  In  the  old  days  (way  back  in 
the  1990s),  the  fourth  boundary  was  created 
by  a  dumpster  now  inexplicably  missing, 
victim  perhaps  of  an  insensitive  bureaucrat- 
ic decision  by  someone  in  the  Allen  Build- 
ing. So  the  alumni  had  a  dumpster  hauled 
in  especially  for  the  occasion. 

The  premise  of  the  game  is  simple.  There 
are  two  or  more  teams  of  two  players  (though 
in  tournament  play,  only  two  teams  com- 
pete in  each  game).  There  is  one  tennis  ball, 
which  a  player  serves  by  throwing  against 


the  wall  of  Wannamaker.  A  member  of  the 
other  team  must  catch  the  ball  and  bounce 
it  back  off  the  wall — without  re-gripping  or 
hobbling  the  ball.  You  can  score  only  when 
your  team  serves,  and  play  is  stopped  if  the 
ball  hits  anything  "unnatural,"  such  as  win- 
dow grates  or  the  dorm  door. 

"Scum"  occurs  when  a  player  places  his 
body  between  the  ball  and  the  opposition. 
"Wooglin'  "  refers  to  the  spirit  of  the  mag- 
nolia tree  to  the  left  of  the  court.  Partici- 
pants defer  to  the  tree's  decisions  for  the 
game — if  the  ball  hits  the  tree  and  falls  back 
in  play,  it's  live.  If  the  ball  gets  swallowed  by 
tree  branches,  it's  out. 

Above  all  else,  the  players  live  by  the  rule 
"the  court  never  lies":  If  there  is  a  question 
about  a  point,  it  is  replayed. 

The  night  before  the  event — "this  is  where 
it  gets  kind  of  nerdy,"  says  Weldon — the  play- 
ers hold  an  auction,  bidding  on  the  team 
they  think  will  win  (not  necessarily  their 
own).  Each  team's  worth  determines  its  seed 
in  the  tournament;  at  the  reunion  tourna- 
ment, Weldon  and  Goslin  are  first  seed  at 
$230.  The  pool  total  amounts  to  $1,600,  to  be 
split  among  the  owners  of  the  winning  team. 

At  the  end  of  the  day,  it's  hot  and  it's  down 
to  the  last  two  teams:  Weldon  and  Goslin's 
"Team  Forest  Hills"  versus  "Team  Old  Skool," 
comprising  Jason  Freeman  '92  and  Stuart 
Vickery  '92.  The  members  of  the  odier  teams 
eat  fried  chicken  on  the  sidelines  and  talk 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


CAREER  CORNER 


Selections  from  University  Archives 

Iisitors  who  view  the  Gothic  splendor  of  West 
Campus  or  the  stately  Georgian  buildings  on 
East  Campus  often  marvel  at  the  precision 
and  craftsmanship  of  the  stonecutters  and 
masons  who  built  the  two  campuses.  While  the  excel- 
lence of  their  work  cannot  be  denied,  one  prominent 
carving  in  the  center  of  West  Campus  appears  to  be  a 
case  of  mistaken  identity. 

The  portal  to  the  chapel  displays  statues  of  three 
early  leaders  of  the  Methodist  Church.  From  left  to 
right,  they  are: 

•Thomas  Coke  (1747-1814),  superintendent  of  the 
Methodist  Mission  in  the  U.S.  (1 784)  and  bishop  of  the 
Methodist  Episcopal  Church; 

•  Francis  Asbury  (1745-1816),  superintendent  of 
Methodism  in  the  American  colonies  (1772)  and  organ- 
izer of  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church  in  the  U.S.  (1784); 

•  George  Whitfield  (1714-1770),  English  Methodist 
evangelist  and  missionary. 

While  the  statutes  of  Whitfield  and  Asbury  resemble 
their  subjects,  that  of  Coke  does  not.  The  clothes 
worn  by  Coke  do  not  match  the  period  in  which  he 
lived;  their  style  is  more  Elizabethan  than  eighteenth 
century.  In  addition,  the  statue  of  Coke  sports  a  beard, 
while  images  of  Thomas  Coke  always  have  him  clean 
shaven.  The  stone  carvers  appear  to  have  used  the 
image  of  Lord  Chief  Justice  Edward  Coke  (1552-1634) 
as  their  model  instead  of  the  Methodist  Coke. 

In  addition,  a  prominent  spelling  mistake  can  be 


about  jobs  and  politics  as  the  final  is  playei 
out — best  of  five  games  wins. 

While  there  have  been  upsets  (the  number 
two  seed,  brothers  James  Stowell  '93  and  Car 
ter  Stowell  '94,  went  down  in  the  quarterfi 
nals),  there  are  no  real  surprises  here.  Thi 
number-one  seed  takes  home  the  title. 


found  on  East  Campus  stonework.  A  close  look  at  the 
seal  above  the  entrance  to  Baldwin  Auditorium  reveals 
that  the  stonecutter  misspelled  the  university  motto 
Eruditio  et  Religio  as  Eruditio  et  Edligio.  Unfortunately, 
chisels  do  not  come  with  spell  check. 

77m  Pyatt  '8 1,  University  Archivist 


Although  he  ultimately  placed  second, 
Vickery,  who  was  part  owner  of  "Team  Forest 
Hills,"  still  emerges  victorious  with  his  share 
of  the  winning  pool.  And  it's  a  good  thing, 
he  says.  "I  need  the  money  to  justify  this  to 
my  wife." 

— Kelly  Schmader 


Ask  the  Expert 

Since  graduation,  all  my  jobs  have  come 
through  promotions  or  connections. 
Now,  I'm  in  the  position  of  having  to 
create  my  first  professional  resume. 
How  should  it  be  different  from  the  one 
I  wrote  senior  year? 

Graduates  often  fall  in  love  with  the 
resume  that  led  to  their  first  career  posi- 
tion and  just  add  on  to  it.  But  you're  in  a 
different  market  now.  And  that  means 
the  way  you  present  yourself  to  potential 
employers  needs  to  change. 

First,  consider  the  structure  of  your 
resume.  If  you  have  progressively  respon- 
sible experience  in  your  career  field  of 
choice,  you  can  simply  start  with  the 
"experience"  category.  But  most  gradu- 
ates have  a  more  checkered  employment 
history  or  seek  work  that  is  different  from 
their  current  job.  In  that  case,  start  your 
resume  with  a  summary  statement.  Here, 
you  can  briefly  describe  yourself  and 
your  objective.  For  example,  "Seasoned 
and  effective  human-resources  manager 
with  experience  in  employment  and 
employee  relations.  Seeking  position 
in  organizational  development  or  corpo- 
rate training."  Note  that  this  description 
also  includes  many  key  words  that  can 
be  picked  up  by  automated  resume- 
screening  systems. 

Your  experience  is  much  more  impor- 
tant now  than  what  you  did  in  college, 
so  put  the  "education"  category  toward 
the  bottom  of  your  resume.  You  no  longer 
need  to  mention  GPA,  related  courses, 
school  awards,  or  your  club  soccer 
achievements.  What  goes  in  their  stead 
may  be  volunteer  work  or  community 
involvement.  But  only  add  your  extra- 
curricular activities  if  they  are  current 
and  are  an  important  part  of  your  life. 

In  your  new  resume,  it's  accomplish- 
ments that  count,  and  if  you  have  a  lot 
of  them,  you're  not  limited  to  one  page. 
Just  make  sure  your  resume  articulates 
clearly  who  you  are,  what  you  want,  and 
what  you  can  do  for  your  ideal  employer. 

— Sheila  Curran 

Curran  is  the  Fannie  Mitchell  Executive 

Director  of  the  Career  Center. 

The  Career  Center,  in  partnership  with 

the  DAA,  provides  career  advice  to 

alumni.  Send  questions  or  inquiries  to 

career-alumni@studentaffairs.duke.edu. 


November -December  2007 


Class  Notes 


WRITE:  Class  Notes  Editor,  Duke  Magazine, 
Box  90572,  Durham,  N.C.  27708 

FAX:  (919)  681-1659  (typed  only,  please) 

E-MAIL:  dukemag@duke.edu 

(Include  your  full  name,  address,  and  class  year.) 

CHANGE  OF  ADDRESS:  Alumni  Records, 
Box  90581,  Durham,  N.C.  27708. 
Please  include  mailing  label. 

E-MAIL  ADDRESS  CHANGES  TO:  bluedevil@duke.edu 

NOTICE:  Because  of  the  volume  of  class  note  material  we 
receive  and  the  long  lead  time  required  for  typesetting, 
design,  and  printing,  your  submission  may  not  appear 
for  two  to  three  issues.  Alumni  are  urged  to  include 
spouses'  names  in  marriage  and  birth  announcements. 
We  do  not  record  engagements. 


pediatric  private  practice.  They  have  four  children 
and  13  grandchildren. 

Freeman  L.  Ashworth  '57  has  published  Chestnut 
Street,  a  novel  about  an  ex-seminary  student  and  his 
journey  into  adulthood.  It  explores  the  themes  of  love, 
family,  and  the  meaning  of  a  happy  home. 


Pender  M.  McCarter  '68  retired  as  director  of 
public  relations  at  IEEE-USA,  a  Washington-basec 
trade  organization  for  engineers,  at  the  beginning 
of  2007  after  25  years  in  the  engineering  field.  He 
now  serves  as  senior  public-relations  counselor  to 
IEEE-USA,  promoting  the  public  understanding 
>  >t  engineering. 


1960s 


1970s 


Half-Century  Club 


Mary  Ann  Heyward  Ferguson  '38,  A.M.  '40 
has  been  recognized  in  Feminists  Who  Changed  America 
1 963-1 975,  published  by  University  of  Illinois  Press. 

Arnold  B.  McKinnon  '50,  LL.B.  '51  was  honored 
by  the  Norfolk  Southern  Corp.,  which  named  its  21- 
story  glass  office  tower  after  him.  An  employee  of 
Southern  Railway  since  1951,  he  stayed  with  the 
company  when  Norfolk  &  Western  Railway  merged 
with  Southern  Railway  in  1982.  He  is  now  retired. 

Marjorie  Merritt  Mengedoht  '53  is  retired  and 
lives  in  Charleston,  S.C.,  with  her  husband,  Daniel. 
For  38  years,  Marjorie  and  Daniel  had  their  own 


C.  Thomas  Caskey  M.D.  '62  was  named  director  and 
CEO  of  the  Brown  Foundation  Institute  of  Molecular 
Medicine  for  the  Prevention  of  Human  Disease. 

Michael  R.  Walsh  J.D.  '63  was  selected  as  one  of 
the  Top  100  Florida  Super  Lawyers  in  Florida  Super 
Lawyers  2007. 

Emanuel  Newmark  M.D.  '66  received  the  Shaler 
Richardson  M.D.  Service  to  Medicine  Award  from 
the  Florida  Society  of  Ophthalmology. 

Jack  O.  Bovender  Jr.  '67,  M.H.A.  '69  has  been 
elected  to  a  five-year  term  on  the  board  of  directors 
of  the  Centers  for  Disease  Control  and  Prevention 
Foundation.  He  has  been  chairman  and  CEO  of 
Hospital  Corporation  of  America  for  29  years  and 
was  named  Best  CEO  in  America  for  health-care 
facilities  in  2003,  2004,  and  2005.  In  2007,  he 
received  the  American  College  of  Healthcare 
Executives'  Gold  Medal  Award  for  his  career  contri- 
butions to  health  care. 

Carolyn  Frances  Zimmerman  '67  has  been 
presented  with  a  Life  Service  Award  from  the  ESOP 
Association,  a  Washington-based  organization  that 
focuses  on  employee  ownership  through  employee 
stock  ownership  plans  (ESOPs).  She  was  honored  for 
her  commitment  to  employee  ownership  and  contri- 
butions to  the  association. 


James  P.  Golson  Ph.D.  '70  received  the  Rotary 
International  District  6NS0  Humanitarian  Award  for 
his  work  helping  to  eradicate  polio  in  Egypt  and  Ghana. 
He  is  president  of  the  Rotary  Club  of  Auburn,  Ala. 

David  M.  Rubenstein  '70  has  been  elected  to  the 
University  of  Chicago's  board  of  trustees.  He  current- 
ly serves  as  a  trustee  for  Duke  and  various  other 

organizations. 

Kim  K.  Greene  '71  was  named  a  Kentucky  Super 
Lawyer.  She  practices  in  the  Louisville,  Ky.,  office  of 
Dinsmore  &  Shohl. 

Richard  James  Fildes  '74  is  a  partner  in  the  law 
firm  Lowndes  Drosdick  Doster  Kantor  &  Reed.  He 
was  recently  named  chair  of  the  board  of  officers  for 
the  2007-08  Florida  Citrus  Sports  Foundation. 

William  A.  Hawkins  III  BSE.  '76  is  CEO  of 
Medtronic  Inc.,  which  develops  and  manufactures  a 
range  of  products  and  therapies  aimed  at  diagnosing, 
treating,  and  preventing  chronic  health  conditions. 
Michael  K.  Kuhn  '76  was  appointed  to  a  three-year 
membership  on  the  standing  committee  on  profes- 
sionalism of  the  State  Bar  of  Texas.  He  is  a  partner  in 
the  transactions,  financial-services,  and  real-estate 
sections  of  Jackson  Walker. 
Sue  D.  Sheridan  '76  is  majority  counsel  for  the 


*  * < 


When  you  make  a  gift  of  $10,000  or  more, 
Duke  can  offer  you  (and/or  your  loved  ones) 
a  fixed  income  for  life.  A  charitable  gift  annuity 
will  also  generate  a  tax  deduction  and  can 
reduce  capital  gains.  Your  ages,  your  financial 
needs,  and  current  interest  rates  determine  the 
annuity  rate  Duke  can  offer.  Some  sample  rates: 


Annuity  rates  are 
subject  to  change. 
Once  your  gift  is 
made,  the  annuity 


Your  Age:    60  Annuity:  5.7% 

70  6.5% 

80  8.0% 

Your  Ages:  70/68  Annuity:  5.8% 

76/73  6.3% 


To  learn  more  about  life  income  gifts  and  other 
"tax-wise"  giving  opportunities,  please  contact: 


Duke  University  Office  of  Gift  Planning 

2127  Campus  Drive,  Box  90600,  Durham,  NC  27708 

Phone      (919)681-0464 

Fax  (919)684-9731 

Email        giftplanning@dev.duke.edu 

Web        www.giftplanning.duke.edu 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


House  Energy  and  Air  Quality  subcommittee,  a 
subset  of  the  House  Energy  and  Commerce  Commit- 
tee. She  specializes  in  electricity  law,  climate-change 
policy,  and  nuclear  power  issues. 

Frederick  Robinson  79,  J.D.  '82  has  been  named 
one  of  the  District  of  Columbia's  Top  100  Super 
Lawyers  in  Washington  Law  &  Politics  magazine  for 
his  work  in  health  care.  He  is  with  the  firm  Fulbright 
&  Jaworski. 

MARRIAGES:  Anne  P.  Mercer  73  to  Ronald  E. 
Huntsberger  on  Nov.  21,  2006.  Residence:  Delaware, 
Ohio. 

BIRTHS:  Third  child  and  second  son  to  John  "Ed" 
Turlington  79  and  Maria  Turlington  on  Jan.  8, 
2007.  Named  Henry. 


1980s 


Glen  A.  Duncan  '80  is  the  director  of  communi- 
cations at  Pennington  Biomedical  Research  Center, 
the  largest  academically  based  nutrition  research 
center  in  the  world.  His  team  has  won  awards  in 
advertising  and  public  relations,  and  he  spends  an 
increasing  amount  of  time  working  with  national 
and  international  media.  He  lives  in  Baton  Rouge, 
La.,  with  his  wife,  Karen,  and  their  two  children, 
Taylor  and  Hillary.  He  is  a  former  Project  WILD 
staff  member. 

Maureen  B.  Kerr  '80  has  recently  joined  Lehman 
Brothers  as  a  senior  vice  president  in  structure  credit. 
She  spent  the  past  15  years  as  vice  president  in  global 
fixed  income  at  Goldman  Sachs,  where  she  special- 
ized in  structuring  and  negotiating  private  place- 
ments for  insurance  companies.  She  is  on  the  board 
of  directors  of  the  Andy  Warhol  Museum.  She  has 
lived  in  Manhattan  since  completing  her  M.B.A.  at 
the  Wharton  School  in  1986. 

John  S.  Kirkpatrick  B.S.E.  '80  is  professor  and 
chairman  of  the  department  of  orthopaedic  surgery 
and  rehabilitation  at  the  University  of  Florida- 
Jacksonville.  He  is  also  chair  of  the  biomedical  engi- 
neering committee  of  the  American  Academy  of 
Orthopaedic  Surgeons.  He  recently  completed  a  term 
on  the  Orthopaedic  and  Rehabilitation  Devices 
Panel,  an  advisory  committee  for  the  Food  and  Drug 
Administration,  where  he  also  served  as  chair. 

Kathy  Callahan  '84  has  been  appointed  a  partner 
in  Continuous  Learning  Group,  a  global  business 
consulting  firm. 

Marc  Galloway  M.D.  '84  has  received  a  Kappa 
Delta  Award  in  recognition  of  excellence  and  prom- 
ise in  orthopaedic  research.  He  and  his  colleagues 
will  also  receive  the  Ann  Donner  Vaughn  Award  for 
their  investigation  of  functional  tissue  engineering 
for  tendon  repair  using  mesenchymal  stem  cells, 
bioscaffolds,  and  mechanical  stimulation.  Each  year 
since  1996,  he  has  been  listed  in  "The  Best  Doctors 
in  America"  database,  and  he  was  included  in 
Cincinnati  Magazine's  "Best  Doctors  in  Cincinnati" 
in  2002  and  2004  through  2006. 

Damon  V.  Pike  '84  has  opened  a  boutique  legal 
practice,  the  Pike  Law  Firm,  in  Atlanta  following  a 
13-year  career  with  Deloitte  &  Touche.  His  firm  spe- 
cializes in  customs,  international  trade  regulation, 
and  consulting. 

Constance  Panos  Karides  '85  is  a  certified 
occupational  health-and-safety  technologist  and 
works  as  a  safety  manager  for  the  Department  of 
Defense.  She  and  her  husband,  Sam,  live  with  their 
three  children  in  England. 

Nancy  Hogshead-Makar  '86  was  named  by  Sports 


MINI-PROFILE 

Susan  Letzler  Cole  '62, 
constructing  a  maternal 
tribute 

Pefore  her  death  from  can- 
cer in  1990,  Alice  Parson 
I  Letzler  gave  her  daughter, 
Susan  Letzler  Cole,  a  gift. 
Cole  was  wrapping  up  Directors  in 
Rehearsal:  A  Hidden  World,  a  behind- 
the-scenes  look  at  the  dynamic 
between  theater  directors  and 
actors  during  rehearsal  sessions. 
She  asked  her  mother  to  proofread 
the  book  draft,  which  captured, 
among  other  things,  the  familial 
aspect  of  presenting  dramatic  works 
for  an  audience. 

"In  the  theater,  casts  become 
families/'says  Cole. "So  I  had  been 
writing  about  families  that  were 
temporary,  families  that  disband 
after  each  production.  My  mother 
was  terminally  ill  and  on  chemo- 
therapy, and  as  she  finished  proofing 
the  book,  she  said  to  me,  1  hope 
some  day  you  will  write  my  story.' 
And  it  took  my  breath  away." 

The  women  set  aside  three  sepa- 
rate occasions  within  a  six-day  peri- 
od to  talk,  amassing  a  more  than 
two-hour  oral  history  of  Alice 
Letzler's  life.  After  her  mother  died, 
Cole  put  the  tapes  aside,  too  dis- 
traught to  listen  to  her  mother's 
voice.  But  her  mother's  physical 
absence  was  almost  too  much  to 
endure."For  years  after  she  died, 
I  could  not  bear  the  silence,  and 
so  I  began  to  write  letters  to  her." 
One  day  a  computer  glitch  forced 
her  to  take  her  machine  to  a  repair 
shop  to  retrieve  missing  data; 
when  the  file  containing  the  letters 
she'd  written  to  her  mother  was 
retrieved  and  printed  out,  Cole  was 
shocked  to  discover  it  amounted  to 
ninety  pages. 

With  the  idea  of  pairing  excerpts 
of  the  oral-history  transcripts  with 
selections  from  her  letters,  Cole  had 
the  foundation  for  what  would 
become  Missing  Alice:  In  Search  of  a 
Mother's  Voice.  Serendipitously,  as 
Cole  was  looking  through  an  old 
filing  cabinet  in  her  brother's  base- 
ment, she  discovered  a  journal  that 
Letzler  had  kept  as  a  fourteen-year- 


old  girl,  and  incorporated  that  earlier 
life  perspective  into  the  book,  as  well. 
Cole  calls  Missing  Alice,  published 
earlier  this  year  as  part  of  the 
Syracuse  University  Press'  Writing 
American  Women  series,  "an  experi- 
mental memoir,  the  autobiography 
of  two  voices." 

An  English  professor  and  director 
of  the  concentration  in  creative  writ- 
ing at  Albertus  Magnus  College  in 


New  Haven,  Connecticut,  Cole  says 
she  was  inspired  as  an  undergradu- 
ate by  English  professors  William 
Blackburn,  George  Walton  Williams 
and  William  Combs  (both  of  whom 
she  still  corresponds  with),  J.A. 
Bryant  Jr.,  and  Helen  Bevington, 
among  others.  After  Duke,  Cole  went 
on  to  earn  her  master's  and  doctoral 
degrees  from  Harvard  University.  In 
addition  to  Missing  Alice  and  Direc- 
tors in  Rehearsal,  Cole  has  written 
The  Absent  One:  Mourning  Ritual, 
Tragedy,  and  the  Performance  of  Am- 
bivalence, and  Playwrights  in  Re- 
hearsal: The  Seduction  of  Company. 
Cole  is  careful  to  point  out  that 
Missing  Alice  is  not  intended  to  be 
the  definitive  account  of  her  mother's 
life.  "The  subtitle  is  important  and 
intentional," she  says.  "I  wanted  to 
write  against  the  trend  of  authors 
who  write  biographies  about  their 
parents  that  claim  to  be  the  final 
word.  We  all  want  to  know  who  our 
parents  are,  but  full  knowledge  is 
impossible.  I  do  recommend  that 
people  who  are  interested  should 
find  out  as  much  about  their  parents 
as  possible  while  they  are  still  alive. 
But  the  ironic  truth  is  that  we  will 
never  fully  know  those  whom  we 
love  most,  and  whom  we  want  to 
know  most  fully." 

—  Bridget  Booher 


November -December  2007  61 


Daniel  Karslake  '87, 
documenting  a 
Christian  imperative 

aniel  Karslake  has  long 
known  about  Bible  pas- 
sages that  appear  to  con- 
demn homosexuality. 
Soon  after  Karslake  graduated  from 
Duke  and  came  out  to  his  parents,  his 
father  read  to  him  from  the  Bible, 
imploring  his  son  to  change  his  sexu- 
al orientation. 

Now  Karslake  has  made  the  Bible 
the  centerpiece  of  his  first  documen- 
tary film,  which  premiered  earlier  this 
year  at  the  Sundance  Film  Festival. 
For  the  Bible  Tells  Me  So  features  five 
conservative  Christian  families  whose 
gay  loved  ones  cause  them  to  examine 
their  own  faith.  Religious  leaders,  in- 
cluding Archbishop  Desmond  Tutu  of 
South  Africa  and  the  Reverend  Peter 
Gomes  of  Harvard  University,  offer 
perspectives  on  the  often  heated  is- 
sue of  biblical  teaching  and  homo- 
sexuality. 

"I  made  this  film  very  specifically 
for  what  I  call  the  moveable  middle," 
Karslake  says.  "I  think  there's  a  group 


of  people  in  this  country  who  don't 
quite  know  what  to  think,  who  are 
getting  to  know  a  gay  or  lesbian  per- 
son for  the  first  time,  but  all  they 
hear  about  from  religious  figures  is 
that  gay  people  are  evil,  they're  con- 
demned in  the  Bible." 

In  the  film,  which  Karslake  pro- 
duced and  directed,  one  woman 
changes  her  viewpoint  after  the 
daughter  she  rejected  for  being  a 
lesbian  commits  suicide;  a  religious 
couple  from  the  Midwest  comes  to 
accept  and  fight  for  the  rights  of  their 
gay  teenage  son.  Karslake  also  tells 
the  story  of  the  family  of  former 
Congressman  Richard  Gephardt, 
whose  daughter  Chrissy  is  gay,  and  of 
Gene  Robinson,  a  gay  man  whose 
consecration  as  bishop  in  New  Hamp- 
shire roiled  the  Episcopal  church. 
Robinson's  decision  to  cooperate  with 
the  filmmaker  launched  the  project, 
which  began  in  2003  and  took  more 
than  three  years  to  complete. 

Karslake,  a  resident  of  New  York, 
formerly  worked  as  a  producer  for  the 
Emmy-nominated  PBS  newsmagazine 
In  the  Life.  As  he  was  raising  money 
for  the  film,  he  faced  skepticism 


among  his  peers,  many  of  whom 
didn't  want  him  to  give  credence  to 
the  religion  they  felt  oppressed  them. 
Yet  Karslake  argues,"lf  we're  going  to 
start  to  counter  that,  you  don't  do 
that  by  saying,  'Forget  the  Bible.'" 
He  saw  the  validity  of  his  argu- 
ment when  he  began  showing  the 
film.  One  woman  told  him  it  made 
her  reconsider  everything  she  be- 
lieved about  gay  people.  She  never 
knew,  she  said,  thaf'nice  Christian 
families" could  have  gay  children. 

Karslake  once  couldn't  believe  it 
either.  During  college,  he  prayed  in 
Duke  Chapel  that  the  son  his  parents 
were  so  proud  of  could  not  be  some- 
thing that  might  shame  them.  His 
prayers  were  eventually  answered  in 
a  different  way,  however.  When  he 
joined  his  partner  in  a  commitment 
ceremony  in  the  mid-'90s,  his  par- 
ents were  there.  By  then,  his  mother 
had  started  a  chapter  of  Parents, 
Families  and  Friends  of  Lesbians  and 
Gays  (PFLAG). 

For  the  Bible  Tells  Me  So  has  earned 
critical  and  popular  acclaim.  It  won 
the  Audience  Award  for  Best  Docu- 
mentary at  the  Seattle  International 
Film  Festival  and  the  Kathleen  Bryan 
Edwards  Award  for  Human  Rights  at 
Durham's  Full  Frame  Documentary 
Festival  and  was  a  nominee  for  the 
grand  jury  prize  at  Sundance.  This 
fall,  First  Run  Features  is  distributing 
the  film  in  theaters  across  the  country 
(seewww.forthebibletellsmeso.org 
for  dates  and  locations),  and  Karslake 
is  embarking  on  the  international 
film-festival  circuit. 

"It's  been  amazing  to  see  how  the 
conservative  Christian  community  has 
received  the  film," says  Karslake.  At 
one  screening,  he  recalls,  a  woman  who 
introduced  herself  as  a  born-again 
Christian"thanked  me  for'reminding 
the  world  about  the  true  story  of 
Jesus.'  Jesus  embraced  the  outcasts. 
I  wanted  to  show  that  people  of  deep 
and  abiding  faith  can  also  love  their 
gay  child,  and  that  the  church  should 
be  about  bringing  people  together, 
not  pushing  people  away." 

— Lewis  I.  Rice 

Rice  is  a  freelance  writer  in  Arlington, 
Massachusetts. 


Illustrated  as  one  of  the  most  influential  people  in  the 
history  of  Title  IX  of  the  Education  Amendments  of 
1972.  She  credits  Title  IX  with  making  it  possible  for 
her  to  attend  Duke  on  a  swimming  scholarship  and  to 
win  three  gold  medals  and  one  silver  in  the  1984 
Olympics.  She  teaches  torts  and  sports  law  at  Florida 
Coastal  School  of  Law. 

Eric  Dinallo  M.P.P.  '87  has  been  named  superinten- 
dent of  the  New  York  State  Insurance  Department. 
Joe  Paschall  '88,  a  lieutenant  colonel  in  the 
Marine  Corps,  is  in  the  middle  of  a  yearlong  tour  in 
Iraq  as  deputy  assistant  chief  of  staff  for  intelligence 
for  multinational  forces  in  the  West  in  the  Al  Anbar 
Province.  Upon  his  return  to  the  U.S.  next  year,  he 
anticipates  retiring  after  20  years  of  service  and  plans 
to  begin  a  second  career. 

Mark  Davis  Rosser  '89  is  an  English  teacher  at 
Lower  Moreland  High  School  in  Huntingdon  Valley, 
Pa.  He  has  been  teaching  for  18  years.  He  is  also  the 
coordinator  and  founder  of  the  Philadelphia  High 
School  Ultimate  Education  League,  an  ultimate  Frisbee 
league  that  includes  30  teams.  In  the  summers,  he  runs 
the  Philadelphia  Ultimate  Camp,  which  teaches  middle- 
and  high-school  students  the  fundamentals  of  the  game. 
BIRTHS:  First  child  and  daughter  to  Peter  Reinecke 
'84  and  Noel  Gerson  on  Oct.  8,  2006.  Named  Isabelle 
Gerson  Reinecke... Third  child  and  second  daughter 
to  Constance  Panos  Karides  '85  and  Sam 
Karides  on  April  8,  2005.  Named  Elizabeth  Grace... 
Second  child  and  first  son  to  Harold  Erick  Layton 
Ph.D.  '86  and  Anita  Tarn  Layton  '94  on  April  27, 
2007.  Named  Nathaniel  Wai-Yin. . .Second  child  and 
son  to  Mark  A.  Augusti  '87  and  Jennifer  P.  Augusti 
on  April  7,  2007.  Named  Bryce  Alexander... Second 
child  and  first  son  to  Mark  Davis  Rosser  '87  and 
Donghee  Song  Rosser  on  April  18,  2007.  Named 
Zachary. .  .Second  child  and  first  daughter  to  Amy 
Lin  Meyerson  '89  and  Brandon  Meyerson  on  Feb. 
27,  2007.  Named  Ashley  Erin. 


1990s 


Kristin  ClontZ  Bell  '90  has  served  as  the  ; 
director  of  general  medicine  and  assistant  professor  of 
internal  medicine  at  the  U.Va.  student  health  center 
for  the  past  10  years.  She  lives  in  Charlottesville,  Va., 
with  her  husband,  Brian,  and  their  two  children. 
Michael  F.  Kleine  '90,  J.D.  '93  is  a  Foreign  Service 
officer  with  the  Department  of  State.  He  teturned 
to  Washington  in  August  after  serving  four  years  with 
the  U.S.  Embassy  in  Seoul,  Korea.  He  previously 
served  in  Vietnam  and  Kosovo. 
Spencer  Bradford  M.Div.  '91  has  been  chosen 
executive  director  of  Dutham  Congregations  in  Action, 
an  interfaith  organization  of  58  area  congregations. 
He  is  also  pastor  of  Durham  Mennonite  Church. 
Tony  PolitO  M.B.A.  '91  was  promoted  to  associate 
professor  with  tenure  at  the  College  of  Business  at 
East  Carolina  University. 

Daniel  Crawford  '92  was  awarded  the  Dr.  Carroll 
B.  Shannon  Certificate  of  Teaching  Excellence. 
He  teaches  at  Virginia  Tech's  College  of  Science. 
G.  Steven  Fender  '92  has  been  appointed  vice 
chairman  of  the  Judicial  Liaison  Committee  for  State 
Court/Federal  Court  of  the  Business  Law  Section  of 
the  Florida  Bar.  The  goal  of  the  committee  is  to  foster 
improved  relations  between  the  courts  in  Florida  and 
the  business  community.  He  also  completed  a  one- 
year  term  of  service  as  chair  of  the  business  litigation 
committee  of  the  Florida  Bar.  He  is  a  lawyer  with 
Litchfotd  &  Christopher  in  Orlando,  Fla. 
Jeffrey  L.  Fisher  '92  was  named  one  of  the 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


- 


ational  history  and  celebrating 


is  proud  to  support  the 


Foundation  for  the  National  Archives 


salute  John  Hope  Franklin,  this  year's  recipient 


fhis  honor  recognizes  Krotessor  Frankl 


enormous  contribution  to  our  understanding 


and  race  relations. 


U^/Afl? 


7:00  am 

The  bellman  \ 

delivers  laundry 

to  your  door 


9:00am 

The  masseuse 
arrives  for  your 
massage 


f 


54  signature  residences 

In  2009,  this  could  be  a  day  in  your  life.  Indulgent.  Sophisticated. 
Distinguished.  As  a  residence  owner  in  Raleigh's  most  revered  high-rise, 
you'll  be  pampered  daily  by  a  personal  staff  that  continuously  exceeds 
expectations.  But  when  your  residence  is  managed  by  the  world's  most 
celebrated  host,  Westin  Hotels,  what  else  would  you  envision?  Residences 
priced  from  $1  million. 

Accepting  Reservations 

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Westin  Raleigh  Residences.com  I  919  719  3090 


GH^fflFFffM 


The  Westin 


100  most  influential  lawyers  in  America  in  2006  by 
the  National  Law  Journal.  He  was  also  named  the  sole 
runner-up  for  2004  Lawyer  of  the  Year.  In  2005,  he 
was  made  a  partnet  in  the  Seattle  office  of  Davis 
Wright  Ttemaine  and  a  co-chair  of  his  firm's  appel- 
late practice  group  after  winning  his  first  two  cases 
before  the  U.S.  Supreme  Court,  Blakely  v.  Washington 
and  Crawford  v.  Washington.  He  specializes  in  First 
Amendment,  criminal  defense,  and  othet  constitu- 
tional matters  in  state  and  fedetal  courts.  He  is  co- 
chair  of  the  National  Association  of  Criminal  De- 
fense Lawyers  Oral  Argument  Committee  and  vice 
chair  of  its  Amicus  Committee.  He  is  a  law  professor 
at  Stanford  University. 

Ashley  C.  Barfield  '94,  A.M.  '96  earned  her 
D.V.M.  degree  from  N.C.  State's  vet  school.  She  is  a 
partner  in  a  small  private  practice  in  Winchester  Term. 

Louis  Singleton  Clyburn  III  '94  has  become 
the  assistant  director  of  athletics  for  ticket  operations 
and  event  management  at  Elon  University.  Pre- 
viously, he  was  recruiting  coordinator  for  Elon's 
football  team. 

Kearns  Davis  Jr.  A.M.  '94  has  rejoined  Brooks, 
Pierce,  McLendon,  Humphrey  &  Leonard  as  partner 
after  four  years  as  an  assistant  U.S.  attorney  for  the 
Middle  District  of  North  Carolina.  He  now  leads  the 
firm's  practice  in  white-collar  criminal  defense,  feder- 
al criminal  trials  and  appeals,  grand  jury  proceedings, 
government  investigations,  and  internal  investiga- 
tions. This  year,  he  was  elected  to  the  Business  North 
Carolina  Legal  Elite. 

Norma  Irene  Pappas  Gavin  Ph.D.  '94  has  been 
appointed  an  RTI  International  senior  fellow.  She  is 
a  senior  research  economist  and  has  wotked  with 
RTI,  a  scientific  research  and  development  institute, 
since  1995. 

Michael  T.  Perlberg  '94  was  promoted  to  seniot  vice 
ptesident  and  general  counsel  of  Levy  Restaurants.  He 
lives  in  Glencoe,  111.,  with  his  wife,  Emily,  and  son,  Grant. 

Richard  W.  Sprott  M.E.M.  '94  is  the  new  execu- 
tive director  of  the  Utah  Depattment  of  Environ- 
mental Quality.  Previously,  he  served  as  directot  of 
the  Utah  Division  of  Ait  Quality.  He  is  also  the 
newly  elected  president  for  the  Air  and  Waste  Man- 
agement Association  for  2009. 

Elizabeth  Crockett  Jones  '95  is  the  author  of  Three 
Blocks  from  Heaven,  published  by  PuhlishAmerica. 

Rohit  Kumar  '95  is  domestic  policy  director  in  the 
office  of  Sen.  Mitch  McConnell,  the  U.S.  Senate 
Republican  Leader. 

Kathleen  S.  Moore  '96,  M.E.M.  '00  works  for  the 
U.S.  Coast  Guard  to  enforce  fishery  regulations  and 
conserve  protected  species.  She  was  recently  promot- 
ed and  received  both  the  Coast  Guard  and  Depart- 
ment of  Homeland  Secutity's  Environmental  Awards 
for  Natural  Resources  Management. 

Benjamin  Applestein  '98  is  a  tax  associate  with 
the  law  firm  Simpson  Thacher  &  Bartlett. 

Gregory  E.  Lakin  '98  was  awarded  a  research 
fellowship  in  the  University  of  Pennsylvania's 
division  of  plastic  surgery.  He  will  spend  two  years 
studying  pediatric  craniofacial  disorders.  He  has 
completed  three  years  of  a  five-year  combined 
general-  and  plastic -sutgery  residency  at  the  Univer- 
sity of  Rochester. 

Erica  Atkinson  Applestein  '99  is  an  upper-school 
English  teacher  at  the  Castilleja  School,  an  all-girl 
independent  day  school  in  California. 

Sean  Riley  '99  has  joined  the  Boston  office  of  the 
Nixon  Peabody  law  firm.  He  is  a  member  of  the  firm's 
white-collat  ptactice  group  and  ( 


Zephyr  Rain  Teachout 
]. D. "'99,  A.M.  '99, 
accidental  Internet  guru 


I  have  had  a  sort  of  peripatetic 
life/'says  Zephyr  Rain  Teachout. 
This  turns  out  to  be  no  mild 
understatement. 
In  the  span  of  her  career,  Teachout 
has  held  jobs  as  a  waitress,  campaign 
volunteer,  textbook  translator,  founder 
of  a  nonprofit  legal  center,  Internet 
guru,  and  law  professor.  Somewhere 
along  the  way,  she  also  managed  to 
change  the  role  of  technology  in 
electoral  politics. 

After  graduating  from  Yale  Univer- 
sity in  1993,  Teachout  held  a  series  of 
odd  jobs.  It  wasn't  until  she  shared  a 
fortuitous  elevator  ride  with  Howard 
Dean's  chief  ofstaff  in  1994thatshe 
found  herself  in  politics. 

Dean  was  launching  his  guberna- 
torial campaign,  and  Teachout  became 
his  operations  director,  a  title  she 
earned  because  she  answered  the 
phone  when  someone  asked  to  speak 
to  the  operations  director.  Other  than 
volunteers,  there  were  only  three  peo- 
ple on  the  campaign,  which,  com- 
bined with  Dean's  overwhelming 
popularity  in  Vermont,  put  Teachout 
on  the  fast  track  to  the  campaign's 
inner  circle. 

After  Dean  won  the  election,  Teach- 
out traveled  and  worked  in  Morocco  on 
a  database  of  English  textbooks.  She 
returned  to  the  U.S.  in  the  mid-'90s 


and  became  an  assistant  to  Georgia 
Shreve,  an  Upper  East  Side  writer  in 
New  York.  She  also  applied  to  Duke  Law 
School  and  was  accepted  into  a  joint 
degree  program  in  political  science. 

"At  Duke,  I  learned  the  joy  of  real- 
ly being  a  good  student,  of  reading 
closely  and  paying  attention," she 
says.  She  became  the  editor  in  chief 
of  Duke's  law  journal  and  graduated 
summacumlaude. 

After  a  year  spent  clerking  for  Chief 
Judge  Edward  R.  Becker,  U.  S.  Court 
of  Appeals  for  the  Third  Circuit  in 
Philadelphia,  she  decided  to  return  to 
Durham  to  help  launch  and  operate  a 
nonprofit  legal  center  with  some 
friends.  Called  the  FairTrial  Initiative, 
the  center  was  founded  with  the  mis- 
sion of  providing  representation  for 
those  accused  of  capital  crimes.  The 
center  hired  young  law-school  grad- 
uates to  work  on  death-penalty  cases. 

But  soon  another  campaign  beck- 
oned. Dean  was  running  for  president, 
and  Teachout  moved  back  to  Vermont 
to  volunteer  for  his  staff.  She  worked 
her  way  up  to  director  of  online  or- 
ganizing, despite  the  fact,  she  says, 
that  she  was  not  computer  savvy. 

Even  so,  she  began  using  online 
social  networking  tools,  such  as  chat 
rooms  and  electronic  mailing  lists,  to 
help  Dean  supporters  mobilize  their 
resources.  Her  idea  was  to  create 
Internet  resources  for  supporters  to 
meet  one  another  electronically  in 
order  to  plan  for  and  engage  in  polit- 
ical work  in  their  communities. 


The  idea  took  off,  and  she  became 
the  cyber  brains  behind  Dean's  suc- 
cessful online  campaign,  which  is 
credited  with  revolutionizing  online 
political  organizing  and  creating  a 
new  model  for  modern-day  activism. 

Although  she  still  describes  her- 
self as  an"accidental  Internet  guru," 
after  the  campaign  ended,  Teachout 
became  a  recognized  authority  on 
how  to  use  the  Web  to  organize  and 
motivate  supporters  and  engage  citi- 
zens more  actively  in  the  political 
process.  She  plans  to  continue  to 
study  the  relationship  between  the 
Internet  and  governance  in  her  new 
post  as  a  visiting  assistant  professor 
at  Duke  Law  School. 

Even  now,  Teachout  says  she  cares 
about  the  Internet  only  to  the  extent 
that  it  seriously  engages  citizens  in 
the  political  process — so  that  they 
become  more  than  what  she 
describes  as"virtual  stamp  lickers 
and  door  knockers." 

Online  political  participation  has 
made  it  easy  for  people  from  a  wide 
variety  of  backgrounds  to  become  as 
politically  active  as  they  choose  to  be, 
she  says.  "It's  hard  to  use  the  Internet 
successfully  in  a  way  that  is  not  just  a 
little  bit  democratizing." 

— Molina  Brown 


Brown's  work  has  been  published  in 
The  Washington  Post,  The  Philadel- 
phia Inquirer,  am/The  News  & 
Observer,  among  other  publications. 


November -December  2007 


U     E& 


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white-collar  defense,  government  investigations,  and 
complex  civil  litigation.  He  previously  worked  for 
Holland  &  Knight. 
MARRIAGES:  Benjamin  Applestein  '98  to  Erica 

Atkinson  '99  on  June  9,  2007.  Residence:  Palo  Alto, 
Calif.. ..Elena  N.  Lopez  '98  to  Wael  Ameed 
Khoury  on  April  7,  2007.  Residence:  Tampa,  Fla.... 
Erica  Atkinson  '99  to  Benjamin  Applestein 
'98  on  June  9,  2007.  Residence:  Palo  Alto,  Calif. 
BIRTHS:  Second  child  and  first  son  to  Kristin  ClontZ 
Bell  '90  and  Brian  Bell  on  July  3,  2006.  Named 
Keenan  Asher. .  .First  child  and  daughter  to  Cosmas 
Lykos  J.D.  '93  and  Kelli-Anne  Jonnston  Lykos 
'95  on  May  9,  2007.  Named  Kylie  Anne... First  child 
and  son  to  Keith  Samuel  Hasson  '94,  J.D.  '97  and 
Elizabeth  Smith  Hasson  on  July  8,  2007.  Named  Keith 
Cooper... Second  child  and  first  son  to  Anita  Tam 
Layton  '94  and  Harold  Erick  Layton  Ph.D.  '86 
on  April  27,  2007.  Named  Nathaniel  Wai-Yin... First 
child  to  Michael  T.  Perlberg  '94  and  Emily  L. 
Perlberg  on  Feb.  7,  2007.  Named  Grant  Finley... First 
child  and  daughter  to  Jayme  Weiner  Holstein 
'95  and  Michael  Holstein  on  Dec.  20,  2006.  Named 
Lyla  Brooke. .  .Second  child  and  daughter  to  Elizabeth 
Crockett  Jones  '95  and  Tony  Jones  on  Dec.  12, 
2006.  Named  Jocelyn  Talia. .  .First  child  and  daughter 
to  Kelli-Anne  Jonnston  Lykos  '95  and 
Cosmas  Lykos  J.D.  '93  on  May  9,  2007.  Named 
Kylie  Anne... Second  child  and  son  to  Christiane 
Reid  McCloud  '95  and  William  McCloud  on  June 
10,  2007.  Named  Brady  Reid... Second  child  and  son 
to  Elizabeth  Scott  Curtin  '97  and  Denis  John 
Curtin  on  Nov.  2,  2006.  Named  Liam  James... First 
child  and  son  to  Stacey  Miness  Mayer  '97  and 
David  Mayer  on  July  27,  2006.  Named  Joshua  Jack. . . 
First  child  and  daughter  to  Claire  DiLorenzo 
Paquin  '97  and  J.P.  Paquin  on  May  14,  2007.  Named 
Chloe  DiLorenzo. .  .Second  child  and  first  daughter 
to  Jodi  Floersheim  Rosenberg  '98  and  Jeffrey 
B.  Rosenberg  on  Oct.  13,  2006.  Named  Maya  Emily. . . 
First  child  and  son  to  Jason  Watson  '98  and  Sarah 
Watson  on  Nov.  3,  2007.  Named  Ryan  Christopher. . . 
First  child  and  son  to  Nathan  Cope  B.S.E.  '99  and 
Tanya  Hill  Cope  '99  on  June  19,  2007.  Named 
Miles  Franklin. 

2000s 

Harris  Brodsky  '00  received  his  M.D.  from  the 
University  of  Texas  Medical  Branch  in  Galveston, 
Texas,  and  is  a  resident  at  the  University  of  Pittsburgh 
Medical  Center. 

Kameron  Leigh  Matthews  '00  graduated  from 
the  Johns  Hopkins  School  of  Medicine  in  May.  She 
will  complete  her  residency  at  the  University  of 
Illinois-Chicago's  family  medicine  department.  She 
graduated  from  the  University  of  Chicago  Law  School 
in  June  2006.  After  sitting  for  the  Illinois  Bar  exam, 
she  was  accepted  into  the  Illinois  State  Bar. 

Mark  E.  Dobossy  B.S.E.  '01  received  his  Ph.D.  in 
civil  engineering  from  Princeton  University.  His  focus 
was  on  risk  and  reliability  ot  large  structures,  and  his 
dissertation  was  titled  "Simulation-based  seismic  reli- 
ability assessment  of  complex  structural  systems."  He 
has  taken  a  postdoctoral  position  at  Princeton. 

Niambi  Carter  A.M.  '02,  Ph.D.  '07  has  been  awarded 
Best  Paper  honors  by  the  Race,  Ethnicity,  and  Politics 
section  of  the  American  Political  Science  Association's 
2006  annual  meeting  for  her  paper  "Super  Natural: 
Reclaiming  Black  Female  Sexuality  in  Pornography." 

Andrew  S.  Highland  02  received  an  M.Div. 
from  Emory  University's  Candler  School  of  Theology. 
He  is  a  member  of  the  North  Central  New  York 
Conference  of  the  United  Methodist  Church. 


Charles  Brodsky  '03  is  an  assistant  district  attor- 
ney with  the  Harris  County  District  Attorney's  office 
in  Houston. 

Jennifer  Ines  Moscoso  '03  has  been  named 
summer  associate  by  the  Gainesville,  Ga.,  law  firm 
Stewart,  Melvin  &  Frost.  She  is  a  student  at  Emory 
University  School  of  Law  and  serves  on  the  board  of 
the  Legal  Association  for  Women  Students. 

Victoria  E.  "Tori"  Hogan  04  has  been  awarded  a 
Reynolds  Foundation  Fellowship  at  Harvard 
University  to  pursue  a  master's  degree  in  education. 

MARRIAGES:  Susan  Blair  Carver  '00  to  David 
B.  Jensen  on  April  21,  2007.  Residence:  Mechanics- 
ville,  Va... James  Scott  Evans  00  to  Kimberly 
Elizabeth  Scott  Ingraham  '00  on  June  23,  2007. 
Residence:  New  York... Amanda  J.  Harker'01  to 
Roby  I.  Safford  on  Sept.  26,  2006.  Residence:  Reno, 
Nev.    Shawn  Michael  Brandt  03  to  Lauren  Mary 
Bresnahan  on  May  26,  2007.  Residence:  Melbourne, 
Fla     Rebecca  L.  Kristol  '04  to  Elliot  A.  Silver 
'04  on  May  27,  2007.  Residence:  New  York. 
BIRTHS:  First  child  and  son  to  Faison  Gibson 
Sutton  '00  and  Houston  B.  Sutton  on  Jan.  20,  2007. 
Named  Houston  Brisson  Jr. .  ..First  child  and  daugh- 
ter to  Brad  McMinn  '02  and  Melanie  Truesdale 
McMinn  '02  on  May  29,  2007.  Named  Ashlyn  Elyse. . . 
First  child  and  daughter  to  Cybelle  McFadden 
Wilkens  '05  and  Matthew  J.  Wilkens  06  on 
Feb.  26,  2007.  Named  Calliope  Helene. 


Deaths 


Correction:  Mar/one  Mem'tt  Mengedoht  '53  was 
mistakenly  reported  as  deceased  in  the  ]uly-Augi<st  2007 
issue.  She  lives  in  Charleston,  S.C. ,  with  her  husband, 
Daniel.  Duke  Magazine  regrets  the  error. 

W.  Kendrick  Pritchett  A.M.  '30  of  Berkeley, 
Calif.,  on  May  29,  2007.  He  received  a  Ph.D.  in  1942 
from  the  Johns  Hopkins  University.  He  joined  the 
Air  Force  after  the  attack  on  Pearl  Harbor  and  was 
stationed  in  the  South  Pacific  and  then  Germany, 
where  he  participated  in  the  collection  and  presenta- 
tion of  evidence  for  the  Nuremburg  Trials.  In  1948, 
he  became  an  associate  professor  of  Greek  at  the 
University  of  California-Berkeley,  where  he  remained 
the  rest  of  his  career.  He  was  named  full  professor  in 
1954.  Pritchett  held  a  Fulbright  Research  Fellowship 
to  Greece  in  1951-52  and  was  awarded  two  Guggen- 
heim fellowships,  in  1951  and  1955.  Upon  retiring, 
he  received  the  Berkeley  Citation,  awarded  for  "aca- 
demic achievement  and  university  service  of  the  highest 
order."  The  classics  department  also  established  the 
Pritchett  Prize  in  Greek,  given  annually  to  the  most 
promising  student  of  elementary  Greek.  He  was  the 
author  of  more  than  30  boob  and  100  articles  on  Greece, 
including  his  five-volume  The  Greek  State  at  War. 
Harold  W.  Atkinson  B.S.E.  '34  of  Myrtle  Beach, 
S.C,  on  June  10,  2007.  He  received  an  M.S.  from 
Harvard  in  1935,  then  worked  at  Cambridge  Electric 
Light  Co.  until  1939  when  he  returned  to  Wadesboro, 
N.C.,  as  superintendent  of  the  newly  formed  REA 
Co-op  in  Anson  County.  He  enlisted  in  the  Army  in 
1942,  eventually  becoming  a  captain.  Mustered  out, 
he  returned  to  work  at  Cambridge  Electric  Light  Co., 
retiring  as  executive  vice  president  in  1973.  He  is 
survived  by  a  son. 

Maurie  Bertram  Cree  M.D.  '35  of  Deltaville,  Va., 
on  June  23,  2007.  He  received  a  B.S.  from  Wake 
Forest  University.  During  World  War  II,  he  was  an 
Army  medical  surgeon  in  MASH  hospitals  in 
Australia,  New  Guinea,  and  the  Dutch  East  Indies. 
He  was  honorably  discharged  from  the  Medical  Corps 
with  the  rank  of  major  in  1945.  After  the  war  he  was 
chief  of  orthopaedic  service  at  the  VA.  Hospital  in 


Kecoughtan,  Va.,  and  joined  the  founding  surgical 
staff  at  Margaret  Pardee  Hospital  in  Hendersonville, 
N.C.,  in  1952.  He  retired  in  1985.  He  is  survived  by 
his  wife,  Jean;  two  daughters;  two  sons;  a  sister;  six 
grandchildren;  and  two  great-grandchildren. 

Marian  McClenaghan  Aycock  '36  of  Raleigh, 
on  June  6,  2007.  At  Duke,  she  was  a  member  of 
Kappa  Kappa  Gamma.  With  the  exception  of  a  brief 
residence  in  Waynesville,  N.C.,  she  lived  most  of  her 
life  in  Raleigh  and  worked  for  the  N.C.  Legislature. 
She  is  survived  by  a  niece,  two  nephews,  a  great- 
niece,  and  a  great-nephew. 

Howard  Paul  Steiger  '37,  M.D.  '40  of  Pawley's 
Island,  S.C,  on  June  23,  2007.  He  served  in  the  U.S. 
Public  Health  Service,  achieving  the  rank  of  lieu- 
tenant commander,  before  opening  a  private  derma- 
tology practice  in  1945.  A  former  president  of  the 
Mecklenburg  Cancer  Society  and  the  Charlotte 
Exchange  Club,  he  also  served  on  the  Charlotte  and 
N.C.  Boards  of  Health.  He  is  survived  by  three 
daughters,  a  son,  a  sister,  four  grandsons,  three  grand- 
daughters, and  eight  great-gtandchildren. 

Leander  Schaidt  Jr.  B.S.M.E.  '40  of  Orlando, 
Fla.,  on  June  13,  2007.  While  working  at  Glen  L. 
Martin  Co.  in  Baltimore,  he  earned  an  M.B.A.  and 
an  M.A.T.  at  Rollins  College.  He  retired  in  19S5 
after  45  years  with  the  company  and  became  a  leader 
in  founding  the  Martin  retirees'  organization.  He  is 
survived  by  a  son,  a  sister,  five  grandchildren,  and 
three  great-grandchildren. 
Mary  Cousins  Light  '41  of  Durham,  on  June  12, 
2007.  She  directed  the  senior  and  youth  choirs  at  Trinity 
United  Chutch  of  Christ  for  more  than  25  years,  taught 
school  and  piano,  worked  as  a  travel  agent,  and  was  a 
soloist  in  many  amateur  musical  productions.  She  is 
survived  by  her  husband,  Frank  G.  Light  '41;  two 
sons,  including  Frank  G.  Light  Jr.  '66;  a  daughter; 
six  grandchildren;  and  three  great-grandchildren. 
John  F.  Repko  J.D.  '42  ofFayetteville,  N.Y.,  on 
June  22,  2007.  During  World  War  II,  he  served  in  the 
Army  and  participated  in  the  liberation  of  the  con- 
centration camp  at  Dachau.  Honorably  discharged 
with  the  rank  of  captain,  he  became  a  lawyer  with 
Cravath,  Swaine  and  Moore  in  New  York,  until  taking 
a  position  as  corporate  attorney  for  General  Electric 
Corp.,  where  he  worked  until  retirement.  He  is  sur- 
vived by  a  son,  a  brother,  and  two  sisters. 
William  Lee  Scott  Jr.  '42  of  Oak  Ridge,  Tenn., 
on  May  3,  2007.  During  World  War  II,  he  worked  on 
the  Manhattan  Project  at  the  uranium-enrichment 
facilities  in  Oak  Ridge,  Tenn.  After  the  war,  he  worked 
as  a  mechanical  engineer  for  the  Union  Carbide 
Corp.  until  retirement  in  1978.  He  is  survived  by  his 
wife,  Mary;  a  son;  a  daughter;  and  three  sisters. 

R.  Harris  Kesler  B.D.  '43  of  Richmond,  Va.,  on 
June  23,  2007.  He  received  a  B.A.  from  Randolph- 
Macon  College  before  attending  Duke.  He  was  a 
chaplain  in  the  Navy,  serving  at  the  Naval  Air  Station 
in  Quonset  Point,  R.I.,  and  on  board  the  USS  Fanshau' 
Bay.  After  mustering  out,  he  enrolled  at  Union 
Theological  Seminary  for  a  year  ot  graduate  study. 
He  returned  to  Virginia,  serving  in  various  pastotal 
appointments  until  retiring  in  1984.  For  22  years  he 
was  a  member  of  the  board  of  Trustees  of  Randolph- 
Macon  College,  which  awarded  him  an  honorary 
D.Div.  in  1967.  He  is  survived  by  five  nieces. 
William  L.  Canine  '44  of  Newberry,  S.C,  on  June 
9,  2007.  He  received  an  M.A.  from  the  University  of 
Chicago.  An  officer  in  the  Marine  Corps,  he  was  a 
veteran  of  World  War  II,  receiving  the  Presidential 
Unit  Citation  and  the  Purple  Heart  for  wounds 
received  as  a  platoon  commander  on  Iwo  Jima. 
During  the  1950s,  he  taught  in  the  English  depart- 
ment at  Duke.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Duke  Half- 


November -December  2007 


Century  Club  and  the  4th  Marine  Division  Associ- 
ation. He  was  director  of  development  tor  Hollins 
College,  Newberry  College,  and  the  Nature  Conser- 
vancy. He  was  also  the  editor  of  The  Nature  Conser- 
vancy News.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Emily 
Anderson  Canine  '46;  two  sons;  two  daughters, 
including  Amy  Canine  Kissane  '82;  five  grand- 
sons; three  granddaughters;  and  a  step-grandson. 
Albert  W.  Farley  Jr.  '44,  M.D.  '47  of  Key 
Biscayne,  Fla.,  on  June  17,  2005.  At  Duke,  he  was  a 
member  of  Delta  Tau  Delta.  He  is  survived  by  his 
wife,  Betty;  four  children;  four  stepchildren;  six 
grandchildren;  and  13  step-grandchildren. 
Eileen  K.  Harris  '44  of  Newton,  Pa.,  on  May  28, 
2007.  At  Duke,  she  was  a  member  of  Delta  Delta 
Delta.  She  was  the  owner  of  the  Paper  Mill  Card  and 
Gift  Store  in  Morrisville,  Pa.  She  is  survived  by  a  son, 
a  daughter,  a  sister,  four  grandchildren,  and  two 
great-grandchildren. 

Benjamin  F.  Musser  B.D.  '44  of  Elm  City,  N.C, 
on  July  3,  2007.  He  was  a  minister  for  40  years  in  the 
United  Methodist  Church,  retiring  in  1985.  He  is 
survived  by  two  sons  and  a  brother. 
Embry  L.  Riebel  '44  of  Port  St.  Lucie,  Fla.,  on 
Dec.  3,  2006. 

Eva  Ann  Winter  A.M.  '44  of  Lincoln,  Neb.,  on 
June  13,  2007.  She  was  an  associate  professor  emerita 
in  the  department  of  construction  management,  College 
of  Engineering  and  Technology,  University  of  Nebraska- 
Lincoln  (UNL).  She  helped  organize  UNL's  student 
chapter  of  the  Society  of  Women  Engineers,  becoming 
its  first  faculty  adviser.  She  wrote  Fortran  for  Con- 
struction. She  was  a  member  of  the  board  of  directors 
of  the  American  Lupus  Society.  She  is  survived  by  a 
daughter,  a  son,  three  grandsons,  a  brother,  and  a  sister. 
William  Jacob  Brorein  B.S.E.E.  '45  of  Morris- 
town,  N.J.,  on  June  14,  2007.  He  joined  the  Navy 
ROTC  at  Duke  and  was  called  to  active  duty  in 
1944.  While  serving  on  the  USS  Henry  A.  Wiley,  he 
fought  in  the  battles  of  Okinawa  and  I  wo  Jima.  He 
worked  for  Southern  Bell  and  Bell  Labs  before  join- 
ing General  Cable  Corp.  in  1957,  where  he  worked 
until  retiring,  in  1994.  Afterward,  he  worked  as  a 
consultant  for  General  Cable.  He  is  survived  by  his 
wife,  Mary  Louise;  three  sons,  including  William 
Brorein  Jr.  M.D.  '84;  three  daughters;  a  sister;  two 
brothers;  and  four  grandchildren. 
John  Hoehl  '45  of  Jacksonville,  Fla.,  on  June  23, 
2007.  A  member  of  the  Naval  Reserve,  he  completed 
officer  training  at  Columbia  University.  After  service 
on  two  ships  and  a  discharge  from  the  Navy,  he  re- 
ceived his  J.D.  from  the  University  of  Florida  in  1948. 
He  joined  the  Miami  office  of  Blackwell,  Walker  and 
Gray,  where  he  worked  until  his  retirement  in  1992. 
He  was  a  fellow  of  the  American  College  of  Trial 
Lawyers,  president  of  the  International  Association  of 
Defense  Council,  and  president  of  the  Dade  County 
Bar  Association.  For  over  30  years,  he  was  a  member 
of  the  Orange  Bowl  Committee  and  served  as  its  pres- 
ident in  1985.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Johanna 
Weiland  Hoehl  '46;  a  son,  John  Robert  Hoehl 

Jr.  '73;  three  daughters,  including  Johanna  Hoehl 
Edens  '74;  and  16  grandchildren. 
Wilbert  James  Newhall  IV  '45  of  Tavares,  Fla., 
on  May  26,  2007.  He  was  C.O.O.  of  Universal 
Flavors,  a  leader  in  the  flavor  industry.  A  retired 
Navy  commander,  he  served  in  World  War  II  and  the 
Korean  War.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Rossitza; 
three  sons;  four  daughters;  1 5  grandchildren;  and 
three  great-grandchildren. 
Jonathan  W.  Cummings  46  of  Bethesda,  Md., 
on  Sept.  21,  2006.  He  served  in  the  U.S.  Marine 
Corps.  For  33  years  he  worked  with  the  V.A.,  including 


26  years  as  chief  of  psychology  at  the  V.A.  Medical 
Center  in  Washington.  He  is  survived  by  two  sons,  a 
daughter,  a  brother,  five  grandchildren;  and  his  com- 
panion, Linda  Bracket. 

Nora  Olivia  Lanham  '46  of  Durham,  on  June  17, 
2007.  She  wrote  and  composed  a  musical  titled  Out 
of  the  Winter:  Cherry  Blossoms,  which  was  performed 
in  Daytona  Beach,  Fla.  She  is  survived  by  her  hus- 
band, Charles  Lanham  Jr.  B.S.M.E.  '43;  a  son; 
two  daughters;  a  sister;  two  brothers;  seven  grandchil- 
dren; and  two  great-grandchildren. 
Donald  F.  MetZ  '46  of  Mount  Dora,  Fla.,  on  Feb. 
28,  2007. 

Benjamin  Ray  Oliphint  B.D.  '46  of  Houston,  on 
July  7,  2007.  In  1951,  he  earned  a  Ph.D.  from  the  Uni- 
versity of  Edinburgh.  He  received  honorary  degrees 
from  Baker  University  and  Wiley  College,  as  well  as  a 
Distinguished  Alumni  Award  from  Southern  Methodist 
University.  A  pastor  of  various  churches  in  the  United 
Methodist  Louisiana  Conference,  he  was  elected  a 
bishop  of  the  United  Methodist  Church  in  1980, 
serving  areas  in  Kansas,  Houston,  and  Louisiana.  For 
10  years,  he  was  president  of  the  Texas  United  Metho- 
dist College  Association  and  was  instrumental  in  the 
founding  of  Africa  University,  Zimbabwe.  He  is  sur- 
vived by  his  wife,  Nancy  Kelley;  a  daughter;  three  sons; 
a  brother;  10  grandchildren;  and  a  great-grandson. 

George  F.  Lattimore  Jr.  '47  of  Raleigh,  on  June 
22,  2007.  He  served  as  a  medic  in  the  Navy's  V-12 
progtam  and  was  stationed  with  the  Marines  in  the 
South  Pacific.  During  his  service,  he  survived  a 
typhoon  by  tying  himself  to  the  base  of  a  palm  tree. 
With  his  uncle's  guidance,  he  began  his  own  real- 
estate  business  in  Raleigh.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife, 
Helen;  two  sons;  and  seven  grandchildren. 

Ralph  Taylor  McCauley  M.D.  '47  of  Danville, 
Va.,  on  June  4,  2007.  He  received  his  B.S.  from 
Virginia  Tech.  After  earning  his  medical  degree  at 
Duke,  he  completed  an  internship  and  residency  in 
general  surgery  at  the  University  of  Minnesota.  He 
tesumed  his  education  at  Duke  in  1952  in  order  to 
specialize  in  urology.  Shortly  after,  he  joined  the  Air 
Force,  serving  two  years  at  Wright-Patterson  Air  Force 
base  in  Ohio  and  two  years  in  Wiesbaden,  Germany. 
In  1959,  he  joined  the  Danville  Urology  Clinic, 
eventually  establishing  Danville  Urology  Associates 
in  1967.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Helen;  two 
daughters;  six  grandchildren;  and  a  great-grandson. 

James  A.  Chambers  '48  of  Atlanta,  on  June  6, 
2007.  He  was  retired  from  his  family-owned  business, 
Chambers  Home  Center.  He  also  worked  as  director 
of  transportation  for  Standard  Container  Corp.  and 
was  a  founding  member  of  the  Clinch  Industrial 
Committee.  A  pioneer  of  the  blueberry  industry  in 
Georgia,  he  founded  Chambers  Brothers  Farms  in 
1978.  As  a  result  of  his  service  on  the  Area  Planning 
Development  Commission  for  southeastern  Geotgia 
and  the  National  Association  of  Development 
Organizations,  he  received  the  Nick  Salazar  Award  in 
1980  for  the  outstanding  boatd  member  in  the 
nation.  In  1999,  the  Clinch  County  Chamber  of 
Commerce  recognized  him  as  citizen  of  the  year.  He 
is  survived  by  his  daughter. 
Gay  Wygal  Hancock  '48  of  Bluefield,  WVa.,  on 
June  9,  2007.  At  Duke,  she  was  a  member  of  Delta 
Delta  Delta.  She  was  the  proprietor  of  the  New-To- 
You  consignment  shop.  She  is  survived  by  two  chil- 
dren and  three  grandchildren. 

Richard  J.  Gardiner  '49  of  Miami,  on  June  16, 
2007.  He  was  an  Air  Force  pilot  in  World  War  II. 
At  Duke,  he  lettered  in  track  and  football.  He  is  sur- 
vived by  his  wife,  Doris;  a  son;  a  daughter;  a  brother; 
and  a  grandson. 


' 


Susan  Lyttle  Keith  '49  of  Sewickley,  Pa.,  on  June 
14,  2007.  She  taught  elementary  school  at  Sewickley 
Academy  from  1951  to  1958  and  volunteered  at 
Sewickley  Valley  Hospital  and  Sewickley  Library. 
She  is  survived  by  her  husband,  Russell;  two  sons; 
daughter;  and  tour  grandchildren. 

Hudson  Peavy  Meacham  B.S.E.E.  '49  of  Hunters- 
ville,  N.C,  on  July  4,  2007.  He  was  on  the  1945 
Duke  Football  Sugar  Bowl  team.  He  served  in  the 
Navy  on  active  duty  from  1945  to  1946;  aftetward,  he 
served  as  an  ensign  in  the  Naval  Reserve  from  1949 
to  1955.  He  wotked  for  Duke  Power  Co.  for  40  years. 
He  was  an  elder,  deacon,  and  superintendent  of 
Sunday  school  at  Bethel  Presbyterian  Church,  also 
serving  on  the  Chtistian  Education  Committee.  He  is 
survived  by  his  wife,  Anna  Rankin  '49;  three  sons; 
seven  grandchildren;  and  a  great-granddaughter. 

Lena  Stewart  Marley  '49  of  Miami,  on  June  17, 
2007.  For  over  12  years,  she  served  on  the  Durham 
County  Boatd  of  Education.  She  was  the  chair  for 
John  F  Kennedy's  presidential  campaign  for  North 
Carolina.  Aftet  her  political  career,  she  became  a 
licensed  real-estate  broker  and  briefly  ran  the 
Porthole  Restaurant  in  Chapel  Hill.  She  is  survived 
by  a  daughter,  a  son,  three  grandsons,  three  step- 
grandsons,  and  seven  step-great-grandchildren. 

E.  Judson  Pickett  B.S.C.E.  '49  of  Durham,  on 
June  8,  2007.  Before  Duke,  he  served  in  the  Air  Force 
as  a  navigator  bombardier  aboard  B-52s  during  World 
War  II.  He  founded  Delta  Construction  Co.  with 
Lindsay  Fogleman  B.S.C.E.  '49  and  then  worked 
as  a  loan  officer  with  Home  Savings  &  Loan.  In  1957, 
he  founded  E.  Judson  Pickett  Real  Estate  Co.,  which 
later  became  Pickett-Sprouse  Real  Estate,  and  served 
as  a  senior  partner.  In  1994,  he  was  named  Realtor  of 
the  Year  by  the  Dutham  Association  of  Realtors.  In 
2001 ,  he  was  named  to  the  C.E.  Phillips  Wall  of  Fame. 
He  became  an  honorary  realtor  in  1998  and  obtained 
"realtor  emeritus"  status  in  2006.  He  is  survived  by 
his  wife,  Doris  Hoffler,  and  two  daughters. 
William  A.  Higgins  '51  of  Sharpsville,  Ohio,  on 
June  19,  2007.  In  1985,  he  received  his  M.Ed,  from 
Cleveland  State  University.  He  taught  in  various 
places,  including  Yuma,  Ariz.,  and  London,  before 
retiring  from  the  Cleveland  school  district  in  1988 
after  30  years.  He  sang  with  the  Robert  Shaw 
Chorale  in  Carnegie  Hall  and  with  the  Cleveland 
Orchestra  Chorus  at  Severance  Hall  in  Cleveland. 
He  is  survived  by  a  sister. 
Suzanne  Conoly  Roberts  '51  of  Brandon, 
Miss.,  on  Nov.  13,  2006.  Survivors  include  her  hus- 
band, J.  Lester;  three  children;  two  siblings;  and  six 
grandchildren. 

Maxwell  K.  Berry  '52  of  Lacey,  Wash.,  on  June  11, 
2006.  He  received  a  master's  degree  from  Louisiana 
State  University.  A  Navy  veteran,  he  retired  from  the 
State  Department  Foreign  Service,  having  served  in 
many  foreign  embassies.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife, 
Ann  Roper;  a  daughter;  a  son;  and  a  brother. 
Jerome  Schachter  '52,  M.D.  '56  of  Awendaw, 
S.C.,  on  Sept.  1,  2006.  He  practiced  neurological  sur- 
gery. He  is  survived  by  a  daughter,  a  granddaughter, 
and  two  grandsons. 

Joe  M.  Shipley  B.S.C.E.  '52  of  Spring,  Texas,  on 
June  22,  2007.  In  World  War  II,  he  served  in  the 
Army  Air  Corps.  He  worked  for  the  3M  Co.  in 
Norfolk,  Va.,  until  transferring  to  Houston  in  1976. 
He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Margaret;  two  daughters; 
and  two  grandchildren. 

Lynn  E.  Dellenbarger  Jr.  '53  of  Spartanbutg,  S.C., 
on  June  5,  2007.  He  served  as  a  corporal  in  World 
War  II  and  earned  a  Ph.D.  in  business  and  finance 
from  the  University  of  Flot ida.  He  was  a  professor  of 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


finance  at  the  University  of  Oklahoma,  West  Virginia 
University,  and  Georgia  Southern  University,  where 
he  held  an  endowed  chair  and  was  a  member  of  the 
Small  Business  Development  Center.  He  is  survived  by 
his  wife,  Phyllis;  three  children;  and  two  grandchildren. 

Fred  H.  Steffey  '53,  LL.B.  '55  of  Weddington, 
N.C.,  on  Aug.  25,  2006.  At  Duke,  he  was  a  member 
of  Phi  Kappa  Psi  and  the  Duke  Law  Journal.  He  is 
survived  by  his  wife,  Betty  Stimpson. 

Christine  Bessler  Poe  R.N.  '54  of  Durham,  on 
June  1 7,  2007.  She  was  the  manager  and  operator  of  the 
family  business,  Rolls  Florist.  She  also  worked  as  a 
registered  nurse  at  Duke  Hospital.  She  is  survived  by 
a  daughter,  three  sons,  and  three  grandchildren. 

Andrew  W.  Haraway  Jr.  '55  of  Fort  Lauderdale, 
Fla.,  on  Jan.  8,  2007.  At  Duke,  he  was  a  member  of 
Lambda  Chi  Alpha. 

John  Furman  Herring  Jr.  '55  of  Chapel  Hill,  on 
June  15,  2007.  After  serving  in  the  Marine  Corps 
during  the  Korean  War,  he  graduated  from  Guilford 
College  with  a  degree  in  economics  and  business  and 
completed  graduate  studies  at  UNC-CH.  He  worked 
for  Blue  Cross  and  Blue  Shield  of  North  Carolina 
from  1960  until  his  retirement  in  1996.  He  served  as 
president  of  the  Triangle  Chapter  of  the  Association 
for  Systems  Management.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife, 
Lois,  and  two  sons. 

Marian  McSurely  Mohr  '55  of  Alexandra,  Va.,  on 
March  15,  2007.  She  is  survived  by  her  husband, 
Frederick;  a  daughter;  a  son;  and  eight  grandchildren. 

Mildred  C.  Chamberlain  Ph.D.  '56  of  Charles- 
ton, S.C.,  on  June  17,  2006.  She  received  her  B.S. 
from  George  Washington  University  in  1949  and  her 
M.S.  from  Smith  College  in  1952.  She  is  survived  by 
her  husband,  Norman;  two  daughters;  and  a  sister. 
David  Kent  Gill  B.S.C.E.  '56  of  Sacramento, 
Calif.,  on  June  26,  2007.  After  Duke,  he  served  as  an 
officer  in  the  Air  Force.  He  worked  22  years  for  the 
Santa  Clara  Valley  Water  District,  retiring  in  1988  as 
the  water  supply  manager.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife, 
Nancy;  two  sons;  a  daughter;  a  stepson;  a  stepdaugh- 
tet;  a  brother;  a  sister;  nine  grandchildren;  and  a 
great-grandchild. 

George  Aarne  Ronkanen  B.S.M.E.  '57  of  Mesa, 
Ariz.,  on  March  11,  2007.  He  worked  for  several  dif- 
ferent companies,  including  Allis-Chalmers  and 
Slemans  Power  Corp.  He  is  survived  by  a  niece;  a 
nephew;  and  several  grandnieces  and  grandnephews. 

William  H.  Cochran  M.Ed.  '58  of  Ocala,  Fla.,  on 
June  8,  2007.  He  served  in  the  Army  Air  Corps  in 
World  War  II  as  a  tail  gunner  in  a  B- 17  and  was  based 
in  London.  He  received  a  B.A.  from  Lynchburg 
College  in  1949  and  an  Ed.D.  from  the  University  of 
Virginia  in  1968.  In  1971,  he  moved  to  Richmond, 
Va.,  to  become  deputy  superintendent  of  public 
instruction  for  the  State  Department  of  Education. 
He  also  served  as  acting  state  superintendent  of  edu- 
cation before  retiring  in  1985.  He  is  survived  by  his 
wife,  Nancy;  two  sons;  two  daughters;  eight  grand- 
children; and  two  great-grandchildren. 

Cleet  C.  Cleetwood  Ed.D.  '59  of  Carthage, 
N.C.,  on  May  29,  2007.  He  received  his  B.A.  from 
Appalachian  State  University.  After  serving  in  the 
Air  Force  during  World  War  II  as  a  B-17  navigator, 
he  earned  an  M.A.  from  UNC-CH.  Following  a 
period  of  playing  professional  baseball,  he  attended 
Duke.  He  was  inducted  into  the  Education  Hall  of 
Fame  at  East  Carolina  University  and  was  awarded 
membership  to  the  Rhododendron  Society  at 
Appalachian,  which  recognizes  a  distinguished  alum- 
nus annually.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Margaret; 
two  daughters;  a  son;  four  grandchildren;  and  four 
great-grandchildren. 


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DUKE 


EXECUTIVE       EDUC/ 


November- December  2007 


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James  L.  Larimer  Ph.D.  '59  of  Austin,  Texas,  on 
July  3,  2007.  He  received  an  M.A.  from  the  Univer- 
sity of  Virginia  in  1954-  He  also  did  postdoctoral 
work  as  a  Guggenheim  Fellow  at  Stanford  University 
from  1967  to  1968.  Until  retiring  in  2005,  he  was  a 
professor  of  zoology  at  the  University  ot  Texas-Austin. 
His  research  focused  on  neurophysiology.  He  received 
the  Jacob  Javits  Award  in  Neuroscience  from  the 
National  Institutes  of  Health.  He  wrote  numerous 
publications,  including  ,\  textbook  on  animal  physiol- 
ogy. He  is  survived  by  a  son;  a  daughter,  Linda 
Anne  Larimer  '84;  a  brother;  and  six  grandchildren. 

Benjamin  D.  Bradley  M.Div.  '61  of  Gulf  Breeze, 
Fla.,  on  June  22,  2007.  He  received  his  B.A.  from 
Huntingdon  College.  Following  his  appointment  to 
the  U.S.  Army  Chaplain  School,  he  completed  ait- 
borne  training  at  Fort  Benning,  Ga.,  where  he  re- 
ceived his  Airborne  Wings.  He  served  in  the  Army 
during  the  Vietnam  War  as  a  "Screaming  Eagle"  and 
a  chaplain,  earning  the  Bronze  Star.  He  is  survived  by 
his  wife,  Sallie;  two  sons;  two  daughtets;  two  broth- 
ers; two  sisters;  and  two  gtandchildren. 

Judith  Oldham  '64  of  Washington,  on  June  2, 
2007.  After  leaving  Duke,  she  received  a  B.A.  from 
the  University  of  Michigan.  She  worked  as  a  librarian 
for  the  Denvet  Public  Library  and  as  a  researcher  at 
the  Denver  Research  Institute.  She  was  the  head  of 
the  speakers  bureau  for  Senator  George  S.  McGovern's 
1972  presidential  campaign.  In  1981,  she  graduated 
from  Georgetown  University  Law  Center  and  joined 
the  firm  Collier  Shannon.  In  1989,  she  was  named 
partnet  and  later  became  the  first  woman  to  serve  on 
the  firm's  executive  committee.  She  retired  in  2006. 
She  is  survived  by  her  husband,  Alan  Kriegel;  two 
children;  het  father;  and  four  grandchildren. 

Julie  Ann  Davis  Driscoll  '68  of  Houston,  on 
June  14,  2007.  She  received  an  M.A.  in  Chinese 
from  the  University  of  Texas-Austin.  She  was  a  para- 
legal from  1974  to  1986  in  the  public-law  section  of 
Fulbright  and  Jaworski  and  worked  for  10  years  as  a 
real-estate  agent  at  Greenwood  King  Properties.  She 
is  survived  by  her  husband,  Arlen;  two  sons;  her  par- 
ents; a  brother;  and  a  sister. 

George  Leslie  Dugger  '70  of  Rochester,  Mich., 
on  Feb.  9,  2007.  He  was  retired  from  Daimler  Chrysler, 
where  he  was  an  engineer.  He  is  survived  by  two  sis- 
ters and  several  nieces  and  nephews. 

Michael  Lawrence  Nash  M.D.  '71  of  Savannah, 
Ga.,  on  June  20,  2007.  He  served  as  captain  in  the 
Air  Force  from  1972  to  1974  at  Patrick  Air  Force 
Base  in  Cocoa  Beach,  Fla.  In  1977,  he  joined  Medical 
Associates  of  Savannah,  where  he  practiced  nephrol- 
ogy and  internal  medicine  until  his  retirement  in 
2005.  He  was  a  fellow  of  the  American  College  of 
Physicians,  a  diplomate  of  the  American  Board  of 
Internal  Medicine,  and  a  board-certified  nephrolo- 
gist.  He  was  also  chief  medical  directot  of  FMC 
Coastal  Dialysis,  FMC  The  Marshlands,  and  FMC 
Claxton  Dialysis  Center  He  and  his  wife,  Arlene, 
received  the  2005  Humane  Society  Humanitarian 
Award.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  two  daughters,  a 
sistet,  and  four  grandchildren. 

John  Bowman  McLeod  J.D.  '75  of  Greenville, 
S.C.,  on  June  11,  2007.  He  was  a  retired  lawyer  and  a 
member  of  the  board  of  directors  of  the  United 
Methodist  Chutch  Foundation.  He  served  as  presi- 
dent of  the  Univetsity  South  Catoliniana  Society 
and  as  vice  president  of  the  South  Carolina  Histori- 
cal Society,  and  spent  thtee  years  in  the  Judge  Advo- 
cate General  Corps  as  a  captain  in  the  Army.  He  is 
survived  by  his  wife,  Cheryl,  and  a  brother 

Alan  R.  Novotny  B.H.S.  '81  of  Carrboro,  N.C., 
on  June  5,  2007.  He  graduated  from  the  UNC-CH 
School  of  Nursing  and  was  the  first  UNC-CH  nursing 


student  chosen  for  the  national  Fuld  Fellowship  in 
2000.  He  had  numerous  vocations,  including  patholo- 
gist's assistant  and  laboratory  research  analyst  at  Duke 
Medical  Center,  research  analyst/manager  at  UNC- 
Lineberger  Comprehensive  Cancer  Center,  and  cook 
at  the  Weathervane  Cafe  in  Chapel  Hill.  His  last 
position  was  with  the  AIDS  clinical  trial  unit  at  the 
UNC-CH  medical  school  as  clinical  trials  cootdina- 
tor.  He  is  survived  by  his  mother  and  a  brother. 


Scott  Wheeler  McEnnis  MBA.  '82  of  Elverson, 
Pa.,  on  Nov.  4,  2006.  He  graduated  from  Albion 
College,  Phi  Beta  Kappa.  After  attending  the  London 
School  of  Economics,  he  wotked  for  five  years  in 
Calcutta,  India,  with  Ludlow  Corp.  He  was  later  con- 
sulting director  at  Smith  Barney  and  one  of  its  top 
producers.  In  spring  2006,  he  was  employed  as  a  man- 
ager director  for  Overtute  Financial  in  Philadelphia. 
He  showed  Connemaras  in  the  hunter  ring,  evented, 
and  taught  tiding  in  New  England.  In  the  1990s,  he 
trained  horses  for  the  hunter  ring.  He  is  survived  by 
his  wife,  Pamela. 

Instructor  Hyldburg 

Carl  A.  Hyldburg  Jr.  J.D.  '48  of  Asheville,  N.C., 
died  June  23,  2007.  He  was  84.  A  native  of  Concord, 
N.H.,  he  received  his  B.A.  from  the  University  of 
New  Hampshire  in  1946.  After  receiving  his  law 
degree,  he  remained  at  Duke  as  a  part-time  insttuctot 
of  economics,  becoming  a  full-time  instructor  of 
law  in  1950.  After  leaving  Duke,  he  was  a  lawyer  in 
Asheville,  N.C.,  for  50  years.  He  served  in  the  Army 
Air  Corps  in  World  War  II,  retiring  from  the  Air 
Force  in  1983  with  the  rank  of  lieutenant  colonel. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  North  Carolina  Bar  Asso- 
ciation and  the  WNC  Pilots  Association  and  served 
on  the  Airport  Authority  Board. 

An  active  member  of  Bethel  United  Methodist 
Church,  Hyldburg  was  a  lay  speaker,  part  of  the  men's 
club,  coordinator  for  lay-witness  missions,  and  a  par- 
ticipant on  numerous  mission-building  teams. 

He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Gertrude  Clement;  eight 
children;  seven  grandchildren;  and  a  great-grandson. 

Former  Provost  Hobbs 

Marcus  E.  Hobbs  '32,  A.M.  '34,  Ph.D.  '36,  a  former 
provost,  professor  emeritus  of  chemistry,  and 
Distinguished  Service  Professor,  died  at  the  age  of  98 
on  Aug.  12,  2007,  in  Durham. 

Born  in  Chadboume,  N.C.,  on  Aug.  11,  1909, 
Hobbs  spent  his  entire  academic  career  at  Duke.  He 
was  appointed  to  the  Duke  chemistry  faculty  in  1936. 
Beginning  in  1951,  he  served  consecutively  as  chair 
of  the  chemistry  department,  dean  of  the  Gtaduate 
School  of  Arts  and  Sciences,  dean  of  the  university, 
vice  provost,  and  provost.  He  was  also  a  member  of 
the  "Troika,"  created  by  the  boatd  of  trustees  to  man- 
age the  university  during  an  interim  period  before 
former  Governor  Terry  Sanford  was  appointed  presi- 
dent. Hobbs  was  named  University  Distinguished 
Service  Professor  in  1998  and  received  the  University 
Medal  for  Distinguished  Meritorious  Service  on 
Founders' Day  in  1989. 

While  dean  of  the  Graduate  School  of  Atts  and 
Sciences,  he  was  appointed  by  Governor  Luther 
Hodges  to  a  committee  that  did  the  groundwork  for 
Research  Triangle  Park.  As  a  member  of  the  commit- 
tee, he  assumed  responsibility  tor  generating  an 
inventory  of  scientific  research  being  conducted  at 
NC  State  University,  UNC-CH,  and  Duke. 

In  1958,  Hobbs  became  a  charter  member  of  the 
board  of  governors  of  the  park's  first  tenant,  Research 
Triangle  Institute  (RTI),  retiring  in  2003  as  distin- 
guished governor  emeritus.  He  also  setved  as  chair 
of  RTFs  executive  committee  from  1958  to  1968  and 
again  from  1971  to  1998.  RTI  recognized  Hobbs  in 
1987  by  naming  its  1 5th  building  in  his  honor.  In 
1999,  the  board  of  directots  of  the  Research  Triangle 
Foundation  ptesented  him  with  the  Archie  K.  Davis 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


award,  in  recognition  of  outstanding  service  to  Re- 
search Triangle  Park. 

He  was  a  director  of  Blue  Cross  and  Blue  Shield  of 
North  Carolina  from  1967  to  1981,  as  well  as  chair  of 
the  executive  committee  for  three  years. 

Hohhs  was  instrumental  in  the  1951  creation  at 
Duke  of  the  Office  of  Ordnance  Research,  which 
later  became  the  U.S.  Army  Research  Office  (Durham). 
For  his  service  as  adviser  to  the  office  and  as  acting 
chief  scientist,  he  was  awarded  the  Army's  Out- 
standing Civilian  Service  Medal.  Earlier,  he  had  been 
awarded  an  Army-Navy  Certificate  of  Merit  for  his 
work  during  World  War  11  for  the  Office  of  Scientific 
Research  and  Development. 

A  past  president  of  the  Rotary  Club,  Hobbs  was 
honored  in  1981  by  having  an  award  named  for  him. 
The  North  Carolina  section  of  the  American  Chemi- 
cal Society,  which  he  had  chaired  in  1946,  made  him 
the  first  recipient  of  its  Marcus  Hobbs  Award  in  1988. 

He  was  also  a  fellow  of  the  American  Association 


for  the  Advancement  of  Science  and  authoted  ot  co- 
authored  more  than  50  research  papers. 

He  is  survived  by  two  daughters,  including  Sara 
Hobbs  Jackson  '63;  a  brother;  a  sister;  four  grand- 
children; and  a  great-granddaughter. 

History  Professor  Richards 

Professor  John  F.  Richards,  68,  of  Durham  and 
Greenland,  New  Hampshire,  died  August  23,  2007. 
Hired  in  1977  by  Duke,  he  taught  for  30  years  and 
had  planned  to  retire  at  the  end  of  August. 

He  attended  the  University  of  New  Hampshire, 
graduating  as  valedictorian  in  1961.  He  went  on  to 
pursue  his  doctorate  in  history  at  the  University  of 
California-Berkeley.  In  1968,  he  was  hired  by  the 
University  of  Wisconsin-Madison. 

A  man  of  wide-ranging  intellectual  interests, 
Richards  contributed  to  the  scholarship  on  Mughal 
India,  South  Asian  economic  history,  compatative 
world  history,  ecology  and  deforestation  in  South 


Asia,  world  environmental  history,  and  opium  pro- 
duction and  trade  in  the  Btitish  Empire. 

He  also  published  a  number  of  articles  and  books, 
including  Mughal  Adimmsnalion  in  Golconda  (1975), 
The  Mughal  Empire  ( 1993),  and  The  Unending 
Frontier:  An  Enn'ronmcmal  I  listorv  of  the  Early  Modem 
World  (2003).  In  addition,  he  was  series  associate  edi- 
tor of  Trie  New  Cambridge  I  lisiory  of  India.  He  was 
considered  a  pioneer  in  the  study  of  non-traditional 
areas  of  history  at  Duke. 

In  2003,  Richards  helped  found  the  American 
Institute  of  Afghanistan  Studies  (AIAS),  a  nonprofit 
organization  comprising  27  universities  and  colleges. 
AIAS  supports  advanced  research  on  the  history  and 
culture  of  Afghanistan  and  promotes  scholarly  ties 
between  Afghanistan  and  the  U.S.  He  served  as 
AIAS's  first  president  until  2005  and  then  represent- 
ed Duke  on  the  institute's  board  of  trustees. 

He  is  sutvived  by  his  wife,  Ann;  two  children;  two 
siblings;  and  a  gtandchild. 


Classifieds 


ACCOMMODATIONS 


Paris,  SW  France,  Provence:  Comfortable  apart- 
ments,  homes,  chateaux.  FHR@earthlink.net. 
(503)  219-9190.  www.FrenchHomeRentals.com. 

Rome:  Bright,  elegant  apartment.  Marvelous 
beamed  ceilings.  Antiques.  Walk  to  Spanish 
Steps,  Trevi  Fountain.  (609)  683-3813. 
jetas5@comcast.net. 

Edisto  Island,  S.C.:  Fantastic  beachfront  house 
sleeping  12.  Great  spring/fall  rates.  Near  Charleston. 
(202)  338-3877  for  information,  pictures. 

France:  Provencal  Farmhouse:  Stunning  ancestral 
home.  Magnificent  mountain  views.  Fields  of 
lavender,  olive  trees.  Lovely  antiques,  gardens, 
pool.  Modern  kitchen  and  baths.  (609)  924-7520. 
gaml@comcast.net. 

Italy/Tuscany:  Ancestral  villa  with  sweeping 
views.  Olive  groves,  vineyards,  gardens.  Antiques. 
Updated  kitchen,  baths.  Pool.  (609)  683-3813. 


Paris,  Elegant  Left  Bank  Apartment:  Sixth 
Arrondissement.  Walk  to  Seine,  Louvre,  and 
Luxembourg  Gardens.  Near  open-air  market. 
(609)  924-7520.  gaml@comcast.net. 

St.  Maarten:  Enjoy  beaches,  shopping,  dining  in 
the  "Culinary  Capitol  of  the  Caribbean."  Family 
home,  1-4  bedrooms,  view  of  St.  Barth's.  See 
photos,  rates;  www.villaplateau.com.  Mention 
Duke  for  discount. 

Tuscan  Hills:  Beautifully  restored  by  architect 
owner,  17th-century  terraced  compound  in  six- 
acre  olive  grove,  overlooking  Lucca.  5  bedrooms, 
5  baths,  spectacular  views  from  terraces,  pool. 
English-speaking  staff,  villacampitino@yahoo.com 

London:  My  apartment  near  Marble  Arch  is 
less  expensive  than  a  hotel  and  a  whole  lot  nicer. 
(919)  929-3194.  elisabeth.fox@duke.edu. 

Tampa:  3/2  Condo  in  Tampa,  FL  (Riverview) 
2005  Block  Construction.  Gated.  Appliances. 
Alarm.  Tile/Carpet.  $174,900.  813-760-2374 

Sanibel  Island,  FL:  Beautiful  Gulf  front 
penthouse  condo.  Two  bedrooms/Two  baths. 
Booking  for  2007-08.  pfrickey@adelphia.net. 
315-685-6741. 


Figure  8  Island  Rentals 

Horning  Cottage  5BR/3B  $3,650/wk 
Bachman  Cottage:  5BR  (2  Masters)/4B, 

soundfront  $3,850/wk 

Blanken  Cottage:  5BR  (3  Masters)/4.5B, 

soundfront/deepwater  dock  for  2  boats,  $4,050/wk 

Tree  House:  5BR/4.5B,  tidal  boating, 

360°  view  of  island,  $4,050/wk 

All  cottages  include  luxury  tax  and  linens/ 

numerous  amenities. 

Spring/fall  is  summer  weather, 

temperature-wise,  no  crowds. 

www.figure8rentals.com 
www.figure8properties.com 
B.  Bachman  (910)  470-4099 


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LIGHTUPYOUR 

LOVE  LIFE 

Date  fellow  graduates,  faculty, 

and  students  of  Duke, 

The  Ivies,  U  of  Chicago,  MIT, 

Medical  Schools,  and  more! 


November- December  2007 


Under  the  Gargoyle 


Rescrutinizing 
the  American  Mind 


By  KALMAN  P.  BLAND 
Twenty  years  ago,  Allan  Bloom  published  a 
turgid  polemic  called  The  Closing  of  the  Amer- 
ican Mind:  How  Higher  Education  Has  Failed 
Democracy  and  Impoverished  the  Souls  of  To- 
day's Students.  The  book's  subtitle  is  mislead- 
ing; the  text  blames  democracy  for  ruining 
higher  education. 

Bloom  condemned  democracy  for  its  "lack 
of  respect  for  tradition  and  its  emphasis  on 
utility."  Replete  with  lengthy  expositions  of 
the  "Great  Books,"  Bloom's  text  chronicled 
the  betrayal  of  classical  Greek  philosophy  by 
the  eighteenth-century  Enlightenment  and 
its  latter-day  disciples,  today's  liberals.  He 
proclaimed  categorically  that  all  "premed, 
prelaw,  and  pre-business  students  are  distinc- 
tively tourists  in  the  liberal  arts."  He  de- 
scribed the  establishment  of  the  M.B.A.  de- 
gree as  a  "great  disaster,"  and  he  indicted  the 
discipline  of  economics  for  "overwhelm[ing] 
the  rest  of  the  social  sciences  and  skew[ing] 
the  students'  perception  of  . . .  human  things." 
Exploiting  ambiguous  rhet- 
oric, he  implied  that  secular 
reason  was  supreme  and 
locked  in  timeless  conflict 
with  "fanaticisms  and  in- 
terests," including  religion. 

Bloom's  misanthropic  book 
enjoyed  astonishing  success. 
It  sold  millions  of  copies,  not 
because  his  arguments  were 
understood  but  because  his 
gripes  were  popular.  In  1987, 
the  seventh  year  of  Ronald 
Reagan's  presidency,  when 
bashing  liberals  was  fashion- 
able, Bloom  apparently  struck 
the  right  chord.  His  book 
was  co-opted  by  lazy  readers 
and  less-than-astute  friends.  Sexist  defenders 
of  patriarchy,  for  example,  undoubtedly  found 
Bloom's  vehement  antifeminism  comforting. 
It  also  didn't  hurt  sales  that  Saul  Bellow 
wrote  the  foreword.  Neither  did  it  hurt  that 
Bloom  gave  voice  to  stodgy  elders  who  were 
dismayed  at  their  children's  tastes  in  music, 
sex,  and  popular  culture. 

Between  1987  and  2007,  America  changed. 


Attacks  against 
academe  from  the 
right  have  not  subsided, 
with  new  rounds  of 
criticism  ridiculing 
moral  relativism, 
identity  politics,  global 
literacy,  and  popular 
culture. 


Owing  to  factors  such  as  the  disastrous  war  in 
Iraq,  the  health-care  crisis,  growing  income 
inequality,  widespread  disregard  for  scientific 
fact,  and  mismanagement  of  Katrina,  liberal- 
bashing  is  less  robust.  In  the  late  1980s,  it  may 
have  seemed  plausible  to  denounce  higher  ed- 
ucation for  tailing  democracy.  Today,  Bloom's 
misguided  attacks  ring  more  hollow  than 
ever,  as  it  becomes  increasingly  clear  that  it 
is  the  politicians  in  government  and  not  the 
professors  in  universities  who  compromise 
truth  and  threaten  democracy.  Still,  Bloom- 
like attacks  against  academe  from  the  right 
have  not  subsided,  with  new  rounds  of  criti- 
cism ridiculing  moral  relativism,  identity 
politics,  global  literacy,  and  popular  culture. 

We  need  embrace  neither  Bloom's  values 
nor  endorse  the  conservative  agenda  to  be 
critical  of  higher  education.  Progressives, 
moderates,  and  traditionalists  do  share  some 
common  ground — including  questions  about 
the  educational  trajectory  of  our  students. 

In  the  May  2 1  issue  of  The  New  Yorker, 
writer  Louis  Menand  noted  that  "the  biggest 
undergraduate  major  by  far  today  in  the 
United  States  is  business.  Twenty-two  per- 
cent of  bachelor's  degrees  are  awarded  in  that 
field.  Eight  percent  in  edu- 
cation, five  percent  in  the 
health  professions.  By  con- 
trast, fewer  than  four  per- 
cent of  college  graduates  ma- 
jor in  English,  and  only  two 
percent  in  history.  There  are 
more  bachelor  degrees  award- 
ed every  year  in  Parks,  Rec- 
reation, Leisure,  and  Fitness 
Studies  than  in  all  the  for- 
eign languages  and  litera- 
tures combined." 

At  Duke,  the  cohort  of  un- 
dergraduates majoring  and 
minoring  in  economics  (648) 
exceeds  the  students  major- 
ing and  minoring  in  philos- 
ophy ( 1 1 7 )  by  almost  600  percent.  The  num- 
ber of  students  seeking  the  certificate  in  mar- 
kets and  management  is  staggering:  411. 
Bloom  and  Menand  would  likely  grimace. 

For  every  student  majoring  or  minoring  in 
English  (252),  there  is  roughly  one  specializ- 
ing in  a  foreign  language  (266) — perhaps 
indicating  the  growing  impact  of  global 
awareness.  The  numbers  in  the  sciences, 


notably  the  sciences  associated  with  a  pre- 
medicine  curriculum,  are  larger:  434  for  biol- 
ogy, 388  for  chemistry.  Since  Bloom,  a  gen- 
uine Platonist,  was  both  envious  and  suspi- 
cious of  the  natural  sciences,  it  is  difficult  to 
guess  his  likely  opinion  of  Duke's  profile. 

But  like  many  of  us,  including  Menand, 
Bloom  would  certainly  lament  rampant  pre- 
professionalism.  We  might  all  be  appalled  at 
the  miniscule  number  of  majors  and  minors 
in  art  history  (76),  religion  (69),  music  (47), 
physics  (47),  theater  studies  (46),  literature 
(34),  and  classical  languages  (three  who  con- 
centrate in  those  languages,  though  larger 
numbers  major  in  classical  studies). 

That  so  few  students  specialize  in  women's 
studies  (20)  or  African  and  African-Ameri- 
can Studies  (51)  would  surely  please  Bloom's 
elitist  heart.  But  not  Menand,  since  for  him 
the  significant  part  of  education  "is  about 
shrinking  people,  about  teaching  them  that 
they  are  not  the  measure  of  everything.... 
We  want  to  give  graduates  confidence  to  face 
the  world,  but  we  also  want  to  protect  the 
world  a  little  from  their  confidence.  Hu- 
mility is  good.  There  is  not  enough  of  it  these 
days." 

In  2007,  our  democratic  institutions  seem 
to  be  withering.  We  can  hope  that  Bloom's 
disciples  aim  their  formidable  fire  at  the  cul- 
prits of  the  interlocking  crises  in  liberal  edu- 
cation and  liberal  democracy — politicians 
who  promote  an  arrogant  disregard  for  the 
perspective  and  the  welfare  of  others.  Even 
Bloom  might  agree  that  hubris  is  capable  of 
failing  democracy,  impoverishing  souls,  and 
closing  minds. 

—  Bland  is  a  professor  of  religion. 


IX  ikl:  MAGAZINE 


Duke 
Reunions 

2008 

ApnJtM3,2rj[)3 

Recapture  the  fun,  the  friendships, 
and  the  magic  of  your  Duke  experience 

Reunions  2008  offers  something  for  everyone.  From  educational 
sessions  to  class  parties,  from  tours  and  performance  events  to 
sports  clinics,  we've  got  a  great  Reunions  Weekend  coming  your 
way  this  spring. 
Your  reunion  begins  online  atwww.DukeReunions.com 

Classes  of  1958, 1963, 1968, 1973, 1978, 1983, 1988, 
1993, 1998,  2003:  Start  making  your  plans  now!  Click  on  your 
class  year  for  travel  and  lodging  options.  You'll  also  want  to  see  what 
everyone  has  been  doing  lately,  so  don't  forget  to  add  your  name  to 
the  list  of  classmates  planning  to  attend. 

Reunions  2008  -  Engage  •  Connect  •  Celebrate 

Duke 

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Meditations  on  Faith 

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Dale  Hollar 


Vol.  94,  No. 


EDITOR: 

Robert  J.  Bliwise  A.M.  '8£ 

MANAGING  EDITOR: 

Zoe  Ingalls 

SENIOR  WRITER: 

Bridget  Booher  '82,  A.M.  '92 

CLAY  FELKER 

MAGAZINE  FELLOW: 

Lurch  Dagger  '03 

SENIOR  EDITORIAL 

ASSISTANT: 

Kate  Bailey 

PUBLISHER:  Sterly  L.  Wilder  '83 

and  Petet  Vaughn 

STUDENT  INTERNS: 

Katie  Byers-DentM.Div. '10 

Tina  Mao  '11 

Sarah  Takvorian  '10 

DESIGN  CONSULTANT: 

Maxinc  Mills  Graphic  Design 

PRINTER:  Progress  Printing 

OFFICERS,  DUKE  ALUMNI 

ASSOCIATION: 

Thomas  C.  Clark  '69,  president; 

Ann  Pelham  74.  president-elect; 

Sterly  L.  Wilder  '83,  secretary- 

PRESIDENTS,  SCHOOL 
AND  COLLEGE  ALUMNI 
ASSOCIATIONS: 
Scott  M.  Rimer  D.  '93,  Divinity 
School;  Prayson  W.  Pate  B.S.E.  '84, 
Proa  School  of Enginccnng;  Amy 
Schick  Kcnney  '96,  M.E.M.  '98, 
Nichols  School  oj  the  Environment 
and  Eonh  Ncu'mv.s;  Jonathan  \Vicscr 
M.B.A.  '94,  Fuqua  School  o( Business; 
J.  Brett  Bennett  M.H.A.  '86, 
Department^  He.ilt/i   Uiiimtsmiiuni; 
Tom  Winland  J.D.  74,  School  of  Lne; 
Roslyn  Bernstein  Mannon  M.D.  '85, 
School, >j Medicine:  Carole  A.  Klove 
B.S.N.  '80,  School  of  Nursing;  Holly 
Eggert  Duchene  D.P.T.  '03,  Graduate 
Program  in  Physical  Therapy 
EDITORIAL  ADVISORY  BOARD: 
Clay  Felker '51,  chair;  Peter 
Applehome  71,  vice  chair;  Sarah 
Hardesrv  Biav  72;  lennifet  Fanner 
'96;  Jerrold  K.  Footlick;  Robbyn 
Footlick  '85;  Edward  M.  Gome:  79; 
Devin  Gordon  '98;  Kerry  E. 
Hannon  '82;  John  Harwood  78; 
Dave  Karger  '95;  Nora  Krug  '92; 
Stephen  Lahaton  A.M. /J.D.  '86; 
Hugo  Lindgren  '90;  Sara  Lipka  '01; 
Julia  Livshin  '96;  Valerie  A.  May 
77;  Susannah  Meadows  '95; 
Michael  Milstein'8S;  N.Page 
Murray  IH'85;  Will  Pearson  '01; 
Lauren  Porcaro '96;  ShaunRaviv  '01; 
Richard  Reeves;  Jim  Rosenfield  '81; 
Susan  Tifft  73;  Greg  Veis  '03;  Jane 
Vessels  77;  David  Walters  '04; 
James  O.Wilson  74;  Shelby 
Oppel  Wood  '95;  Robert  J.  Bliwise 
A.M.  '88,  secretary 
SUBSCRIPTIONS: 
Duke  Magazine,  Box  90572, 
Durham,  N.C.  27708 
PHONE:  (919)  684-5114 
FAX:  (919)  681-1659 
E-MAIL:  dukemag@duke.edu 
ADDRESS  CHANGES: 
Alumni  Records,  Box  90581, 
Durham,  N.C.  27708  or  e-mail 
hluedevil@duke.edu 
©  2008  Duke  University 
Puhlislu'J  bimonthly  hy  the 
Office  of  Alumni  Affairs 


DUKE 


Magazine 


JANUARY-FEBRUARY  2008 


www. duke  ma  eazine.duke.edu 


Religious  Life  at  a  Crossroads  by  Bridget  Booher  24 

Through  informal  conversations  and  organized  gatherings,  members  of  the 
Duke  community  are  exploring  questions  of  religious  meaning  and  identity  in  an 
increasingly  interconnected  world 

Ripple  Effect  by  Scott  Ruler  32 

A  mathematician's  search  for  evidence  of  tiny  black  holes  could  disprove 
Einstein's  general  theory  of  relativity — and  open  up  a  whole  new  dimension 

Teaching  for  America,  Training  for  Life  by  Robert  J .  Bliwise  38 

Appealing  to  the  desire  to  make  a  difference  and  enjoying  an  enviable  cachet, 

Teach  For  America  has  become  the  employer  of  choice  for  more  and  more  Duke  students 

Holding  On  photographs  by  Danny  Wilcox  Frazier  46 

Driftless:  Photographs  From  Iowa  captures  the  landscapes  and  shifting  socioeconomics 
of  the  rural  Midwest 


Departments 

Quad  Quotes 

The  Internet  and  violence,  the  Fed  and  financial  security, 
the  South  and  eating  imperatives 

Forum 

Engineering  lessons,  leadership  issues,  lacrosse-coverage  weaknesses 

Full  Frame 

Step  Show:  athleticism,  discipline,  and  spectacle 

Gazette 

Water  use  reduced,  athletics  reviewed,  poetry  promoted,  banked  blood  scrutinized;  Campus 
Observer:  nap  time;  Q&A:  the  weighty  matters  of  diet,  exercise,  and  media  messages 

Books 

Book  Notes:  Syrian  culture,  Cuban  character,  the  history  of  everyplace,  and  more 


Reveling  in  Homecoming,  launching  a  book  discussion,  focusing  on  alumnae, 
celebrating  a  writer  and  teacher;  Retrospective:  what's  in  a  yearbook's  name;  Career  Corner: 
dealing  with  disappointment;  mini-profiles:  immersed  in  mediation,  inspired  by  the  blues, 
hooked  on  handball 

Under  the  Gargoyle 

A  frustrating  path  for  women  in  medicine 


Between 
the  Lines 


here's  a  thread  linking  two  of  this 
issue's  feature  stories,  which  docu- 
ment the  vibrancy  of  campus  reli- 
gious life  and  the  appeal  of  Teach  . 
For  America.  Both  focus  on  young  people 
and  commitment.  Presumably  the  young 
always  have  aspired  to  connect  with 
something  larger  than  themselves,  and 
to  seek  something  purposeful  in  their 
lives.  The  heartening  thing  is  that  the 
stereotypical  hard-driving  student  — 
aptly  described  as  "The  Organization 
Kid,"  in  a  classic  Atlantic  Monthly  essay 
by  David  Brooks  —  is  looking  not  to 
make  a  million  but  to  make  a  difference. 

But  that  effort  doesn't  take  them  along 
a  traditional  path.  Today's  search  for 
meaning,  Brooks  (who  has  taught  at 
Duke)  wrote  in  a  recent  New  York  Times 
column,  is  characterized  by  fluidity,  at 
lease  during  their  early-adulthood  "odys- 
sey"  years.  "Dating  gives  way  to  Facebook 
and  hooking  up.  Marriage  gives  way  to 
cohabitation.  Church  attendance  gives 
way  to  spiritual  longing. ..." 

Teach  For  America  corps  members 
spend  two  years  with  the  organization. 
It's  short-term  work,  though  it's  not  easy 
work.  And  when  they  move  on,  the  hope 
is  that,  even  if  they  don't  end  up  in  teach- 
ing, they'll  remain  advocates  of  public 
schools  in  their  communities. 

One  local  advocate  of  Teach  For 
America  is  Carl  Harris,  superintendent 
of  Durham  Public  Schools.  Right  now, 
there  are  just  over  twenty  Durham-based 
TFA  corps  members,  including  recent 
Duke  graduates  who  volunteered  in  the 
schools  as  undergraduates.  Harris  would 
like  to  see  that  number  grow.  He's  im- 
pressed with  the  emphasis  on  recruiting 
candidates  who  know  their  subjects,  can 
adapt  to  classroom  situations,  and  have 
an  appreciation  for  cultural  differences. 

Harris  —  the  product  of  a  traditional 
teacher-education  system — likes  the 
energy  he  sees  in  corps  members,  along 
with  the  support  system  the  organization 
offers.  "It's  not  about  how  many  years  the 
teacher  has  been  doing  this.  It's  about 
whether  the  teacher  is  having  an  impact." 
—  Robert].  Bliwise,  editor 


QUAD  QUOTES 

"I  couldn't  really  turn  down 
The  New  York  Times.  I  fig- 
ured if  I  go  out,  I  go  out  with 
a  bang." 

—Bryan  Zupon,  a  senior  who 
was  featured  in  Duke  Magazine 
in  November  2006  cooking 
hypermodern  meals  in  his  Cen- 
tral Campus  apartment,  on 
how  the  recent  press  he's  got- 
ten may  make  it  harder  to  avoid 
health-department  restrictions, 
in  Raleigh's  News  S  Observer 

"Actions  online  are  spilling 
over  to  action  off-line." 
—Lee  Baker,  associate  profes- 
sor of  cultural  anthropology 
and  African  and  African 
American  studies,  on  how  the 
anonymity  of  the  Internet 
allows  momentum  to  build 
behind  symbolic  violence  and 
hate  speech,  after  a  spate  of 
news  stories  about  nooses 
hung  as  threats,  in  Diversity 

"I'm  not  interested  in  toler- 
ance. That  word  is  not  ap- 
plicable to  human  beings. 
I  tolerate  when  people  put 
half-and-half  in  my  tea. ... 
I  tolerate  when  someone 
serves  me  a  Caesar  salad 
with  anchovies  on  it." 
—John  Amaechi,  a  retired  NBA 
player  who  announced  publicly 
that  he  is  gay  last  year,  during 
a  speech  in  Page  Auditorium 

"I  traded  in  my  glasses  for 
permanent  head  pain,  eye 
pain  and  these  [moisture- 
retaining  goggles]." 

—Matthew  Kotsovolos,  a 

former  staff  member  of  the 

Duke  Eye  Center  who  had 

LASIK  surgery,  and  has  since 

experienced  negative  side 

effects  and  set  up  a  support 

group  for  other  patients  with 

complications,  in  Raleigh's 

News  S  Observer 

"The  Fed  may  not  be  re- 
sponsible for  protecting 
individuals  and  institutions 
from  the  consequences  of 
their  actions,  but  it  is  re- 
sponsible for  protecting  the 


rest  of  us  from  the  risk  of 
a  systemic  collapse  of  our 
increasingly  interconnected 
financial  system." 

—Steven  Schwarcz,  Stanley 

A.  Star  Professor  of  law  and 

business,  on  the  need  for  the 

Federal  Reserve  to  consider 

financial  markets,  and  not  just 

banks,  when  setting  policy,  in 

the  Baltimore  Sun 

"We  didn't  know  anything 
about  the  effects  of  high- 
impact  activities  when  we 
were  doing  them.  We  didn't 
have  good  running  shoes. 
We  didn't  understand  the 
importance  of  strength." 
—Claude  T.  Moorman  III  '83, 
director  of  sports  medicine, 
on  the  rise  in  joint-replace- 
ment surgery  among  baby 
boomers,  in  Newsweek 

"If  they  lose  a  lawsuit,  that 
is  going  to  open  the  flood- 
gates. Once  the  military 
contractors  appear  vulnera- 
ble to  litigation,  the  suits 
are  going  to  come  from  all 
over  the, place." 

—Scott  L.  Silliman,  professor 
of  the  practice  of  law,  on  a 
lawsuit  filed  against  govern- 
ment contractor  Presidential 
Airways  by  the  families  of 
flight  crew  members  killed  in  a 
crash  in  Afghanistan  in  2004, 
in  The  Washington  Post 

"Is  there  hope?  Yes,  there 
is  hope  —  as  long  as  we  stop 
leaving  the  solutions  to 
other  people." 

—Legendary  primatologist 

Jane  Goodall,  on  rapidly 

diminishing  natural  habitats  for 

endangered  species,  during  a 

lecture  in  Page  Auditorium 

"I  think  this  is  young  people 
just  trying  to  express  their 
individuality.  It's  not  a  new 
phenomenon.  Young  folks 
have  done  that  throughout 
the  years.  A  lot  of  these 
folks  [who  criticize  baggy 
pants]  probably  wore  bell- 
bottoms  in  the  70s,  or 


akespeare's  rollicking 


n 


Afros,  and  their  parents 
hated  them." 

-Mark  Anthony  Neal, 
associate  professor  of  black 
popular  culture,  on  recent 
efforts  in  several  municipalities 
to  make  low-slung  pants  ille- 
gal, in  the  Baltimore  Sun 

"While  all  my  friends 
liked  cats,  dogs,  four-legged 
creatures,  I  was  intrigued 
by  horseshoe  crabs.  They 


DUKEMAUA/INI: 


had  10  eyes  and  ate  with 

their  knees." 
—Cindy  Van  Dover,  director  of 
the  Duke  Marine  Lab,  on  her 
childhood  interest  in  marine 

zoology,  in  The  New  York  Times 

"Ultimately,  a  retreat  is  our 

only  solution." 

— Orrin  H.  Pilkey  Jr.,  director  of 

the  program  for  the  study  of 

developed  shorelines,  on  a 

proposed  federal  buyout  of 


properties  in  Mississippi  still 

recovering  from  Hurricane 

Katrina,  in  the  Los  Angeles  Times 

"In  the  South,  there  is  a  ten- 
dency to  use  fat  and  bacon 
grease  in  the  cooking  pro- 
cesses. That  is  likely  what 
happened  in  this  situation." 
—Jim  Wulforst,  director  of 
dining  services,  after  a  vege- 
tarian student  complained 
that  rice  and  collard  greens 


he  was  served  in  a  campus 

dining  hall  contained  meat, 

in  The  Chronicle 

"Nothing  would  reside  that 
long,  unless  it  was  so  large 
it  couldn't  get  out  of  the 
stomach  or  it  was  trapped 
in  the  intestine." 
—Rodger  Liddle,  professor  of 
medicine,  dispelling  the  myth 
that  gum  takes  seven  years  to 
digest,  in  Scientific  American 


"Economic  models  have 
shown  that  policies  to 
cap  and  reduce  greenhouse 
gas  emissions  will  have  a 
minimal  impact  on  eco- 
nomic growth.  Instead, 
they  will  speed  the  develop- 
ment of  new  technologies." 

—William  Chameides,  dean  of 

the  Nicholas  School,  in  a  letter 

in  The  New  York  Times 


January- February  2008 


Forum 


It  All  Comes  Together 

Thank  you  for  the  wonder- 
ful article  "Going  With  the 
Flow"  [September-October 
2007].  I  have  two  things  to 
say.  First,  as  they  say  that 
the  theologians  and  the 
physicists  will  meet  at  the 
top  of  the  mountain,  it's 
now  apparent  that  so  will 
the  poets  and  the  engineers. 
Second,  could  someone 
please  apply  these  princi- 
ples to  the  health-care  sys- 
tem in  this  country? 

Sally  Zaino  '74 
Hummelstoum,  Pennsylvania 

Reviewing  a 

Book  Review 

If  you  like  MSNBC  and 
Keith  Olbermann,  with  his 
uncontrollable  anger  man- 
agement issues,  you  will 
probably  love  Jon  Sher's 
review  of  It's  Not  About 
The  Truth:  The  Untold  Story 
of  the  Duke  Lacrosse  Case 
and  the  Lives  It  Shattered 
[September-October  2007]. 

However,  I  was  so  ex- 
hausted by  the  unfocused 
collateral  rhetoric  that  I 
have  no  idea  whether  or 
not  the  review  is  accurate. 

Duke  Magazine  deserves 
better  than  this. 

William  Miller  '60 
Hilton  Head,  South  Carolina 

Trust  in  the  Colonel 

I  cannot  be  the  only  mem- 
ber of  the  Duke  community 
who  sees  the  startling  juxta- 
position in  your  most 
recent  issue. 

President  Brodhead,  in 
his  inept  handling  of  the 


lacrosse  team  incident, 
looks  even  worse  when  he 
is  placed  side  by  side  with  a 
man  with  the  integrity  and 
grit  of  Duke  alumnus  Stu 
Couch  ["For  God  and 
Country,"  September-Oc- 
tober 2007]. 

Brodhead's  vacuous, 
soft  response  to  the  lacrosse 
team  fiasco;  his  selfish, 
political  calculations  of 
a  difficult  situation;  and 
his  willingness  to  place  his 
career  above  the  greater 
community  brings  shame 
to  us  all. 

Lt.  Col.  Couch  is  precise- 
ly the  opposite:  a  man 
with  the  intestinal  fortitude 
to  put  his  own  career  on 
the  line  when  he  sees  an 
injustice  being  done.  He 
shows  us  that  some  are 
willing  to  suffer,  personally, 
in  the  cause  of  that  which 
is  right. 

In  the  fall  of  1986,  stand- 
ing in  front  of  the  Allen 
Building,  Stu  Couch  taught 
me  the  most  important  sin- 
gle leadership  lesson  of  my 
life.  I,  like  him,  was  an  un- 
dergrad  aspiring  to  be  a  Ma- 
rine officer,  and  I  was  trying 
to  figure  out  how  such  lead- 
ers were  made.  Stu  put  it 
very  simply:  A  leader  is  a 
man  to  whom  you  would 
trust  the  life  of  your  son  in 
combat. 

At  age  nineteen,  I  didn't 
get  it.  At  age  forty,  as  a 
combat  veteran — and  with 
three  sons — I  do  now.  We 
should  all  be  proud  that  Stu 
is  one  of  us.  And  we  should 
be  ashamed  that  President 
Brodhead  is. 

Lt.  Co!.  Stan  Coerr  '89 
Newport,  Rhode  Island 


While  I  enjoyed  your  story 
on  Lt.  Col.  Stuart  Couch, 
there  was  a  glaring  omis- 
sion: where  he  went  to  law 
school,  Campbell  Univer- 
sity in  Buies  Creek,  North 
Carolina. 

The  story  suggests  that 
his  time  at  Duke  was  spent 
at  parties.  His  time  at 
Campbell  was  perhaps 


of  the  i 


more  retiective 
he  would  become. 

Huguette  Baker 
Angier,  North  Carolina 

Sweat  Inspiration 

As  I  turned  to  the  opening 
pages  of  the  latest  Duke 
Magazine  [November- 
December  2007],  I  was 
stunned  by  the  photo  of 
Coach  Buehler.  Like  a 
ghost  emerging  from  the 
tunnel  and  the  concrete 
walls  of  Wallace  Wade 
Stadium,  his  image  trans- 
ported me  to  freshman 
phys-ed  in  the  fall  of  1973. 
As  a  fat,  physically  lazy 
kid  from  Pittsburgh,  I  was 
not  thrilled  to  be  assigned 
to  mandatory  class,  let 
alone  to  be  unlucky  enough 
to  have  the  track  coach  as 
my  teacher. 

What  I  didn't  appreciate 
at  first  was  the  almost  magi- 
cal inspirational  power  of 
this  man  to  transform  my 
life  from  [that  of]  a  hopeless 
"couch  potato"  to  one  of 
regular  physical  activity  and 
good  health. 

From  his  sappy  but  mem- 
orable movies  about  the  sui- 
cidal New  York  City  writer 
and  the  bilateral  amputee 
who  both  found  themselves 
and  saved  their  lives 
through  running,  to  his  lec- 


tures about  the  lifelong 
wellness  through  running 
philosophy,  he  quietly 
changed  my  life  in  one 
short  semester. 

As  other  Duke  coaches 
have  struggled  with  exotic- 
dancer  scandals  or  descended 
into  a  Grecian  Formula  al- 
ternate reality,  I  am  thrilled 
to  know  that  Coach  Bueh- 
ler continues  to  inspire  any- 
one willing  to  listen  that 
running  and  regular  physi- 
cal activity  is  the  key  to 
lifelong  health.  Al  Buehler 
is  without  question  in  my 
mind  the  personification  of 
the  Iron  Duke. 

Stephen  D.  Campanella  '77 
Pittsburgh 

Lacrosse  Fallout 

The  fallout  from  the  Duke 
lacrosse  incident  will  re- 
quire more  than  just  a  wish 
by  the  administration,  fac- 
ulty, students,  and  alumni 
to  "move  on"  or  "move 
forward."  The  ripple  effect 
of  the  incident  has  not 
subsided.  It  can  and  will 
take  on  the  character  of  a 
tsunami  if  left  unchecked. 
Moving  forward  requires  an 
understanding  and  appreci- 
ation of  what  overhangs 
from  behind. 

As  I  am  sure  you  are 
aware,  there  is  widespread 
discontent.  The  administra- 
tion is  discontented  with 
the  various  portrayals  of  its 
response  to  the  incident. 
The  alumni  are  discontent- 
ed with  the  sullied  reputa- 
tion of  an  institution  that 
was  once  a  source  of  un- 
questioned pride.  The  stu- 
dents are  discontented 
about  what  happened  in 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Couch:  standing  tall 


the  past  and  what  may  still 
he  happening  now:  Are 
they  open  targets  for  over- 
zealous  police  and  rogue 
prosecutors?  The  athletes 
and  faculty  also  have  their 
own  sources  of  discontent. 
I  have  been  disappointed 
with  the  magazine's  at- 
tempts to  address  the  case 
thus  far.  It  is  not  enough 
to  select  a  handful  of  letters 
for  posting  on  the  website 
and  to  choose  even  fewer 
for  publication  in  the  hard 
copy  mailed  to  the  Duke 
community.  If  there  is  to 
be  a  meaningful  healing 
process,  there  must  be  an 
open  and  central  avenue 


to  air  the  concerns.  Not 
everyone  who  cares  about 
Duke  can  attend  a  confer- 
ence, caucus  with  the 
board  of  trustees,  or  meet 
at  a  summit. 

That  is  why  I  propose 
that  your  magazine  be 
the  pivotal,  driving  force. 
There  needs  to  be  an 
entire  issue  devoted  to  the 
lacrosse  incident,  with 
unvarnished  input  from 
all  sides.  We  need  to  vent, 
we  need  to  listen  to  each 
other  and,  yes,  we  may 
even  need  to  act.  Action 
may  be  the  most  frighten- 
ing prospect  of  the  exercise. 
If,  however,  we  as  a  Duke 


community  remain  dor- 
mant, actions  not  of  our 
direction  and  guidance  will 
overwhelm  us. 

Can  you  commit  to  doing 
this?  Thank  you. 

Brian  Smith]. D.  '81 
Fairfield,  Connecticut 


Editor's  Note:  The  mag- 
azine has  devoted  two 
cover  stories  and  a  num- 
ber of  news  stories  to  the 
issue,  all  of  which  repre- 
sented a  wide  range  of 
opinions.  We  will  con- 
tinue to  engage  with  the 
topic  as  events  warrant. 


Featuring  Duke 


Jameson  on  Jameson 

Conversations  on  Cultural  Marxism 

FREDRIC  JAMESON 

Ian  Buchanan,  editor 
Post-Contemporary  Interventions 
296  pages,  paper,  $22.95 

Contagious 

Cultures,  Carriers,  and  the  Outbreak  Narrative 

PRISCILLAWALD 

A  John  Hope  Franklin  Center  Book 
384  pages,  9  illustrations,  paper,  $23.95 

Dissident  Syria 

Making  Oppositional  Arts  Official 

MIRIAM  COOKE 

208  pages,  13  illustrations,  paper,  $21.95 

On  Violence 

A  Reader 

bruce  b.  Lawrence  and  aisha  karim,  editors 

592  pages,  paper,  $29.95 


DUKE  UNIVERSITY  PRESS 

www.dukeupress.edu 
toll-free  1-888-651-0122 


January-  February  2008 


efth 


apter  of  Alpha  K 
finually  during  H 


Gazette 


ACROSS  THE  CAMPUS 


Burness  to  Retire 

John  F.  Burness,  Duke's  senior  vice  pres- 
ident for  public  affairs  and  government 
relations  since  1991  and  the  guiding 
force  behind  a  nationally  renowned  pro- 
gram that  helped  strengthen  Duke's  ties  with 
the  local  community,  will  retire  June  30. 

A  member  of  Duke's  senior  leadership  team 
under  three  Duke  presidents,  Burness,  sixty- 
two,  has  guided  the  university's  interactions 
with  reporters,  elected  officials,  community 
leaders,  and  others  beyond  the  campus.  He 
has  been  directly  responsible  for  the  univer- 
sity's offices  of  news  and  communications, 
community  affairs,  photography,  and  govern- 
ment relations,  and  has  served  as  an  adviser 
to  trustees,  deans,  faculty  members,  and  stu- 
dent leaders.  He  was  a  major  voice  in  shap- 
ing Duke's  response  to  the  lacrosse  incident. 

Burness  was  also  instrumental  in  establish- 
ing the  Duke-Durham  Neighborhood  Part- 
nership, through  which  the  university  has 
created  partnerships  with  twelve  neighbor- 
hoods near  its  campus  and  the  eight  schools 
that  serve  them. 

Before  assuming  the  senior  vice  presidency 
at  Duke,  Burness  was  vice  president  for  uni- 
versity relations  at  Cornell  University.  Pre- 
viously, he  held  senior  public-affairs  posi- 
tions at  the  University  of  Illinois  and  the 
State  University  of  New  York  at  Stony  Brook. 

Widely  known  in  the  higher  education 
community,  he  has  testified  before  the  U.S. 
Congress  and  state  legislatures  and  advised 
numerous  universities  and  research  organi- 
zations. He  also  has  held  leadership  positions 
with  the  Association  of  American  Univer- 
sities, the  American  Council  on  Education, 
and  the  National  Association  of  Indepen- 
dent Colleges  and  Universities,  among  oth- 
ers. He  is  a  trustee  of  Franklin  &  Marshall 
College,  where  he  received  his  undergradu- 
ate degree,  and  serves  on  advisory  boards  for 
the  Eisenhower  Foundation  Fellows  and  two 
major  units  at  Duke — the  Terry  Sanford 
Institute  of  Public  Policy  and  the  Center  for 
Child  and  Family  Policy. 

Divinity  school  dean  L.  Gregory  Jones 
M.Div.  '85,  Ph.D.  '88  is  chairing  a  twelve- 
member  search  committee  charged  with  find- 
ing Burness'  successor. 


Athletics'  Strategic  Planning 

Having  reconsidered  its  oversight 
structure  and  mission  statement  in 
the  wake  of  the  lacrosse  case,  Duke 
athletics  has  begun  a  new  strategic 
planning  process.  The  process  is  aimed  at 
recognizing  the  role  that  the  Duke  athletics 
department  plays  in  the  educational  experi- 
ence and  confronting  the  challenges  raised 
in  combining  athletics  and  academics.  One 
in  ten  Duke  undergraduates  participates  in 
varsity  sports,  and  thousands  of  students  are 
involved  in  intramural  and  club  sports. 

"The  goal  is  to  foster  a  better  understand- 
ing of  how  athletics  works  among  faculty 
members,  the  president,  and  the  board  of 
trustees;  more  involvement  by  faculty  mem- 


bers in  athletics;  and  a  better  vision  for  the 
place  and  purpose  of  athletics  at  Duke,"  said 
Michael  Gillespie,  a  professor  of  political 
science  and  chair  of  Duke's  Athletic  Coun- 
cil, at  the  November  meeting  of  the  Aca- 
demic Council. 

The  strategic  planning  process  will  focus 
on  questions  such  as  how  Duke  can  better 
bridge  the  gap  between  athletics  and  aca- 
demics, whether  the  university  should  con- 
tinue to  fund  twenty-six  varsity  sports,  and 
the  benefits  and  costs  of  greater  investment 
in  athletics. 

Gillespie  discussed  scholarship  issues  as 
well  as  the  annual  subsidy  that  the  athletics 
department  receives  from  the  university. 
Duke's  annual  subsidy  for  athletics  is  around 
$7.5  million,  he  said,  far  less  than  any  other 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Duke  and  the  Drought 

The  Southeast  is  facing  its  worst 
drought  in  more  than  a  century, 
and  Durham  is  no  exception. 
The  city,  like  most  in  the  region, 
has  continued  to  bump  up  water-use 
restrictions.  Early  in  the  fall,  North 
Carolina's  governor  called  on  citizens 
to  cut  back  water  use  by  30  percent. 
And  in  early  December,  with  fewer 
than  sixty  days'  worth  of  water  remain- 
ing in  Durham,  the  city  moved  to  cut 
private  water  use  in  half. 

Duke,  the  largest  consumer  of  water 
in  the  county,  has  demonstrated  a  long- 
term  commitment  to  conservation,  but 
administrators  note  that  additional  large 
cuts  are  challenging,  especially  consid- 
ering that  medical  facilities — where  cuts 
could  be  potentially  dangerous — account 
for  almost  half  of  water  use  at  Duke. 
Still,  members  of  the  Duke  community 
took  many  new  steps,  some  large  and 
some  small,  to  cut  down  their  water  use, 
including: 

•  Residence  Life  added  waterless  hand 
sanitizers  to  residence-hall  bathrooms. 

•  Several  campus  eateries  switched 


from  china  and  silverware  to  disposable 
utensils  and  dishware  to  save  on  dishwash- 
ing. The  move  saves  800  gallons  a  day  at 
the  Great  Hall  and  Marketplace  alone. 

•  Duke  Gardens  turned  off  its  automatic 
watering  systems  and  ornamental  water  fea- 
tures, watered  seasonal  beds  using  water  from 
one  of  the  gardens'  ponds,  and  added  mulch 
to  reduce  evaporation  from  planted  beds. 

•  The  Duke  University  Golf  Club,  whose 
course  was  already  irrigated  using  mostly 
storm  water  runoff,  limited  watering  to  put- 
ting greens. 

•  Facilities  Management  limited  vehicle 
washing  to  windows  only. 

•  Workers  made  an  adjustment  at  the 
chilled  water  plant  on  campus  that  saves 
9,000  gallons  daily. 

•  The  university  announced  a  $5  million 
fund  for  conservation  projects;  the  first 


involved  distributing  free  low-flow 
showerheads  to  employees. 

•  Administrators  e-mailed  students 
with  water-saving  tips  such  as  turning 
off  faucets  while  shaving  or  lathering 
hands  with  soap. 

"More  than  anything  ...  it  is  human 
behavior  that  will  have  the  greatest 
impact  on  water  usage — and  making 
choices  about  when,  why,  and  how  to 
use  water,"  Eddie  Hull,  dean  of  residence 
life,  told  The  Chronicle. 

Thinking  ahead  to  long-term  solutions, 
the  Nicholas  Institute  for  Environmen- 
tal Policy  Solutions  presented  a  report 
(www.duke.edu/sustainability/water)  to 
state  officials  identifying  six  strategies 
for  improving  water  management  and 


conservation. 


www.duke.edu/sustainability/water 


school  in  the  ACC  and  considerably  less 
than  many  Ivy  League  schools. 

"The  elephant  in  the  room,"  Gillespie  said, 
is  football,  which  takes  up  a  large  chunk  of 
the  athletics  budget  but  has  failed  to  pro- 
duce a  competitive  team  for  some  time. 
Most  top  high-school  football  players  fall 
below  Duke's  minimum  admission  standard 
and  cannot  be  admitted,  Gillespie  said,  and 
that's  not  going  to  change.  But  improve- 
ments in  facilities,  different  scheduling,  and 
other  changes  might  attract  more  of  those 
student-athletes  who  are  qualified. 

This  year,  Duke  football  has  undertaken 
its  own  strategic  planning  process,  and  has 
sent  research  teams  to  examine  various  § 
other  schools  that  have  faced  similar  chal- J 
lenges  and  performed  well  in  the  past.  I 


January- February  2008 


Gazette 

ACROSS  THE  CAMPUS 


STUDENT  SNAPSHOT 

Brian  Duffy, 
tenacious  triathlete 

If  Brian  Duffy  doesn't  feel  like 
rolling  out  of  bed,  lacing  up  his 
shoes,  and  hitting  the  road  for  a 
run  one  morning,  there's  no 
coach  there  to  get  in  his  face  and  tell 
him  he  must.  If  his  legs  ache  after  a 
long  bike  ride,  it's  his  problem,  and 
his  problem  alone.  If  another  lap  in 
the  pool  seems  like  too  much  for  his 
lungs  to  bear,  he's  welcome  to  guit. 

But  Duffy,  a  Duke  sophomore, 
doesn't  guit.  He  is  of  a  distinctive 
breed:  the  triathlete.  Not  only  does 
the  sport — at  least  its  competitive 
form — require  mastery  of  three  very 
different  athletic  disciplines,  but  it 
also  takes  more  self-motivation  than 
most.  Sure,  tennis  players  or  runners 
compete  individually.  But  even  as 
middle-school  students,  they  are  al- 
ready congregating  on  teams  where 
their  coaches  and  fellow  athletes 
push  them  to  be  the  best  they  can 
be.  Though  the  triathlon  is  beginning 
to  grow  in  popularity,  most  young 
athletes  are  on  their  own  to  scrap  for 
coaching,  equipment,  and  inspiration. 
In  just  a  few  years  of  competing  in 
sprint-distance  triathlons,  Duffy  has 
achieved  remarkable  success.  He 


l<H 


placed  fourth  in  the  2007  junior  na- 
tional championships,  and  this  past 
August,  he  took  three  days  off  from 
school  to  travel  to  Hamburg,  Germany, 
and  compete  in  the  International 
Triathlon  Union's  World  Sprint 
Triathlon  Age  Group  Championships. 

On  what  was  essentially  an 
extended  weekend  trip,  it  was  tough 
to  adjust  to  the  six-hour  time  change 
and  the  local  cuisine,  he  says.  But  the 
morning  of  the  race,  he  woke  up 
feeling  great.  "I  felt  awesome.  Every- 
thing was  clicking." 

The  750-meter  swim  and  twenty- 
two-kilometer  bike  portions  of  the 
race  went  well,  and  he  entered  the 
run  in  the  lead  pack.  "I  had  never 
felt  so  good  in  my  life,"  he  says.  He 
took  over  the  race's  final  phase,  a 
five-kilometer  run,  a  half-mile  in, 
and  led  the  rest  of  the  way,  winning 
his  age  group  by  twelve  seconds. 
He  later  found  out  that  he'd  not  only 
won  his  age  group  but  also  defeated 
all  other  age-groupers.  ("Elite" 


competitors  raced  different  courses.) 

Duffy  swam  competitively  as  a 
child  and  took  up  cross-country  run- 
ning in  middle  school.  Inspired  by  a 
Lance  Armstrong  memoir,  he  com- 
peted in  his  first  triathlon  the  sum- 
mer after  his  freshman  year  of  high 
school.  "It  was  very  grueling,"  he 
recalls.  But  he  loved  it.  Throughout 
high  school,  he  ran  cross-country  in 
the  fall,  swam  in  the  winter,  ran  track 
in  the  spring,  and  then  trained  for 
triathlons  in  the  summer.  It  was  a 
sort  of  piecemeal  approach,  but 
it  worked  well  for  him.  The  summer 
after  his  junior  year,  in  his  fourth 
race,  he  won  the  Philadelphia  Inde- 
pendence Triathlon. 

Since  coming  to  Duke,  Duffy  has 
boostedhis  efforts,  training  in  all 
three  disciplines  year  round.  "I've 
found  that  having  a  nine-month 
base  on  the  bike  going  into  the  sum- 
mer is  much  more  beneficial  than 
having  only  three  or  four  months  to 
play  catch-up,"  he  says.  He  walked  on 


to  Duke's  cross-country  and  track 
teams,  and  he's  been  pushing  himself 
in  the  pool,  sometimes  swimming 
with  the  Duke  club  team  and  some- 
times going  it  alone. 

At  his  peak  during  the  summer, 
he  runs  every  day,  bikes  five  or  six 
times  a  week,  and  swims  four  or  five, 
regularly  training  four  to  six  hours  a 
day.  Even  during  ihe  school  year — 
technically  his  off-season — he 
works  out  multiple  times  each  day. 

Over  the  winter,  Duffy  gave  up  his 
spot  on  the  cross-country  and  track 
teams  in  order  to  allow  himself  more 
flexibility  in  his  workout  schedule. 
Now  he's  gearing  up  for  USA 
Triathlon's  Collegiate  National 
Championships,  scheduled  for  April. 
"When  I'm  doing  it  on  my  own, 
there's  a  greater  sense  of  self-disci- 
pline,"he  says  of  training.  "I'm 
responsible  for  myself.  I  would  feel 
guilty  if  I  didn't  get  out  there  and 
run.  I  can  push  myself  harder." 

— Jacob  Dagger 


Reinventing  Financial  Aid 

Just  two  years  into  the  Financial  Aid 
Initiative,  Duke  has  announced  major 
changes  to  its  financial-aid  policy, 
eliminating  parental  contributions  for 
some  families  and  substituting  loans  with 
grants  for  many  others.  Officials  estimate 
the  new  policy  will  benefit  nearly  2,500  un- 
dergraduates. 

Beginning  in  the  fall  of  2008,  Duke's  finan- 
cial-aid program  will  include  these  features: 

•  Parents  of  undergraduate  financial-aid  re- 
cipients with  combined  annual  incomes  less 
than  $60,000  will  not  be  expected  to  contri- 
bute to  their  children's  educational  expenses. 


•  Students  from  families  with  annual  in- 
comes of  less  than  $40,000  will  have  loans 
replaced  by  scholarship  grants. 

•  Students  from  families  with  annual  in- 
comes between  $40,000  and  $100,000  will 
have  their  loan  packages  reduced  on  a  grad- 
uated basis. 

•  Students  from  families  with  annual  in- 
comes of  $100,000  or  more  will  have  loans 
capped  at  $5,000  a  year. 

•  Students  with  loan  packages  will  no 
longer  be  expected  to  assume  a  larger  loan 
with  each  year  of  enrollment. 

President  Richard  H.  Brodhead,  who,  in 
his  inaugural  address,  highlighted  the  im- 
portance of  increasing  the  university's  fi- 


nancial-aid endowment,  says  the  new  poli- 
cy was  made  possible  with  earnings  on  the 
university's  endowment  and  funds  contrib- 
uted to  the  Financial  Aid  Initiative — a  $300 
million  fundraising  effort  scheduled  to  end 
in  December  2008.  "We  have  deliberately  fo- 
cused these  new  investments  on  relieving  the 
burden  not  only  for  parents  with  incomes 
below  the  national  median  but  for  students 
from  middle-income  families  as  well." 

According  to  Jim  Belvin,  Duke's  finan- 
cial-aid director,  "With  the  changes  we  are 
making  to  strengthen  support  for  students 
on  financial  aid,  it  may  actually  cost  an  eli- 
gible family  less  to  attend  Duke  than  a  pub- 
licly supported  university." 


10         DUKE  MAGAZINE 


GREEN  LIVING:  Ten  students  were  slated  to  move 
into  Duke's  Home  Depot  Smart  Home  in  January.  The 
6,000-square-foot  house,  a  showcase  of  green  design 
and  a  living  laboratory,  took  four  years  to  plan,  design 
and  construct.  Among  the  many  features  designed 
by  students  are  a  green  roof  made  up  of  living  plants, 
two  solar-power  systems,  rainwater  collection 
systems,  voice-recognition  programs  that  allow  stu- 
dents to  communicate  with  the  various  systems,  and 
wet  and  dry  labs  for  future  student  projects. 
www.smarthome.duke.edu 


s 


I 


1            4  Years  since  the  booth  first  opened 

10,232  Questions  asked  from  August  2006  to 

July  2007 

3,359  Inquiries  about  the  location  of  Parking 

Garage  4  (next  to  the  Bryan  Center),  the 

'                 most  frequently  asked  question 

1  Request  for  directions  to  Greenville,  N.C., 

from  Duke  students  going  to  a  football  game 

0.5  Distance  from  the  booth  on  Towerview  to 

Parking  Garage  4,  in  miles 

217  Distance  from  Durham  to  Greenville,  N.C., 

1                 in  miles 

46  Inquiries  about  East  Campus  in  August, 

i                 when  Orientation  Week  is  held 

3.54  Inquiries  about  East  Campus,  per  month, 

for  the  rest  of  the  year 

3  Newspapers  skimmed  daily  by  police 

officer  and  info  booth  operator  Joe  Martin 

for  events  that  might  affect  traffic  on 

the  quad — The  Chronicle,  The  Herald-Sun, 

and  The  News  &  Observer 

1  Foreign-language  dictionary  kept  on  hand 

*                 (Spanish-English) 

2  Presidents  met  on  the  job — Jimmy  Carter 

and  George  H.W.  Bush 

0  Times  Martin  has  been  stumped 

]                                                — Tina  Mao '11 

January- February  2008 


izette 


STATE   OF   THE   ARTS 


A  Rousing  Tale 


Pericles  is  not  one  of  William  Shake- 
speare's best-known  plays.  But  it  is  one 
of  his  liveliest.  The  story  of  a  young 
prince  is  full  of  storms  at  sea,  ship- 
wrecks, pirates,  priestesses,  and  prostitutes. 

Duke's  theater  studies  department  staged 
the  play  in  Sheafer  Theater  late  in  the  fall 
semester.  The  play  focuses  on  Pericles,  the 
prince  of  Tyre  in  Phoenicia,  and  his  adven- 
tures in  several  Mediterranean  countries  over 
many  years.  "Pericles  is  a  very  rich  piece," 
says  John  Clum,  chair  of  the  theater  studies 
department.  "On  the  surface,  it  seems  like  a 
fairy  tale  with  not  much  at  stake,  but  really 
it  is  a  life-and-death  struggle.  If  you  dig  be- 
neath the  surface  and  mine  it  for  meaning, 
it  is  a  play  about  meeting  misfortune  with 
grace  and  nobility  and  discovering  that 
patience  will  be  rewarded." 

Clum  co-directed  the  play  with  Duke  sen- 
ior Shaun  Dozier  in  a  production  that  drew 
upon  the  talents  of  many  Duke  faculty  mem- 
bers, graduate  students,  and  undergraduates. 
As  part  of  the  production,  the  student-ac- 
tors took  a  course  taught  by  Clum  and  Sarah 
Beckwith,  Marcello  Lotti  Professor  of  Eng- 
lish and  theater  studies.  Beckwith  also  worked 
on  the  production  as  dramaturge.  Jeff  A. R. 


Selections  from  the  Nasher  Museum  of  Art 


Pieter  van  Slingeland  was 
highly  regarded  for  his 
exquisitely  produced  small- 
scale  portraits  and  scenes 
from  everyday  life  in  seventeenth- 
century  Leiden.  This  painting  demon- 
strates his  smooth  and  delicate 


brushwork,  particularly  in  the  repli- 
cation of  the  shiny  silk  in  the  woman's 
dress,  as  well  as  his  ability  to  stage 
an  elegant  interior  that  would 
appeal  to  fashionable  Dutch  clients. 
While  the  gaze  of  the  painter  is 
fixed  on  the  woman,  her  own  atten- 


Allegorical  Portrait  of  a  Lady, 
17th  century,  attributed  to 
Pieter  van  Slingeland,  Dutch 
(1640-1691).  Oil  on  panel, 
19  %  x  15  inches.  Given  in  honor 
of  Marilyn  M.  Segal. 


tion  is  off  to  the  left,  as  if  she  were 
accustomed  to  being  only  an  object 
of  attention.  Her  generous  adorn- 
ment of  pearls  and  satins  contributes 
to  the  message  of  opulence. 

She  is  herself  an  open  book,  like 
the  one  beside  her  on  the  table.  With 
a  lily  in  one  hand  and  full-blown 
roses  or  peonies  in  the  other,  she 
appears  a  virgin  ripe  for  the  picking. 

The  astral  globe,  the  frieze  column 
with  Cupid,  and  the  Persian  carpet 
covering  the  table  indicate  the  world- 
liness  of  a  successful  merchant  with 
a  reach  into  exotic,  faraway  markets. 
In  this  image,  all  of  his  prized  posses- 
sions are  featured  together. 

www.nasher.duke.edu 


Life-and-death  struggles: 
Cerimon,  played  by 
senior  Edward  Wardle, 
revives  Pericles'  near- 
drowned  wife,  Thaisa, 
played  by  junior  Claire 
Florian,  far  left;  senior 
Ben  Zisk  as  Simonides 
addresses  the  knights 
who  have  just  competed 
in  his  jousting  tourna- 
ment, won  by  Pericles 


12         DUKE  MAGAZINE 


EDUCATIONAL  ADVENTURES  2000 


www.dukepassport.com 


m  M  Btfi 


DUKE 
READS 


Months 


Jones,  a  visiting  lecturer,  taught  student- 
actors  stage  combat  and  helped  choreograph 
scenes  that  included  pirate  raids  and  joust- 
ing tournaments.  George  Lam,  a  Ph.D.  candi- 
date in  music  composition,  wrote  a  score. 

Pericles  was  performed  in  the  round,  part- 
ly because  that's  how  it  would  have  been 
done  in  Shakespeare's  day  and  partly  also 
because  the  scenic  designer,  Amir  Ofek,  a 
visiting  lecturer,  wanted  the  students  to  be 
challenged.  In  the  round,  he  says,  "there  is 
nowhere  to  hide." 

Poet  Laureate  Visits  Duke 

As  the  thirty-ninth  U.S.  poet  laureate, 
Robert  Pinsky  sought  not  only  to 
bring  poetry  to  the  people  but  also, 
in  his  words,  to  demonstrate  "the 
vital  life  of  poetry  outside  of  any  profession- 
al, academic  context." 

Last  semester,  through  talks  and  readings 
on  campus,  Pinsky  did  a  little  bit  of  both. 
Pinsky,  who  served  an  unprecedented  three 
years  as  poet  laureate,  from  1997  to  2000, 
spoke  on  "Poetry  and  Documentary  Experi- 
ence," presenting  several  clips  from  his  Favo- 
rite Poem  Project.  For  the  project,  thousands 
of  people  of  all  ages,  occupations,  and  regions 
were  asked  to  share  their  favorite  poems. 


SYLLABUS 


ENGLISH  109S:  Poetry  and  Memory 


Pinsky  shared  one  of  his  own  favorites, 
Yeats'  "Sailing  to  Byzantium."  He  talked 
about  the  tendency  for  poetry  to  become 
too  formalized,  scaring  people  into  feeling 
as  if  they  have  to  say  something  "smart."  A 
poem  is  first  and  foremost  "something  that 
sounds  marvelously  moving,"  he  argued. 


Last  year,  as  English  professor 
Deborah  Pope  began  plan- 
ning for  her  spring  seminar, 
she  realized  that  she  wasn't 
satisfied  persisting  with  her  tradi- 
tional "Poetry  and  Memory"writing 
workshop.  "I  felt  there  was  so  much 
more  to  do,"  she  says. 

In  her  mission  to  retool  the  class, 
she  found  herself  in  uncommon  terri- 
tory for  an  English  professor — cog- 
nitive neuroscience. 

"Everything  I  was  reading  kept 
bringing  memory  and  poetry 
together  in  fascinating,  mutually 
illuminating  ways,"  she  says.  "One 
thing  I  found  myself  doing  was  sub- 
stituting the  word  'poetry'  wherever 
the  text  had  'memory'  and  there 
were  just  amazing,  continual  corre- 
spondences." 

Pope  began  her  class  reconstruc- 
tion by  including  scientific  articles 
discussing  the  mechanisms  of  mem- 
ory. Next,  she  included  a  component 
that  would  encourage  students  to 
draw  on  influences  beyond  their  own 
memory,  and  instead  draw  inspira- 
tion from  others' experiences. 

With  the  help  of  Elizabeth  Dunn, 
research  services  librarian  in  the 
Rare  Book,  Manuscript,  and  Special 
Collections  Library,  Pope  designed  a 
project  where  students  were  asked  to 
research  primary-document  collec- 
tions— everything  from  letters  to 
photographs— and  then  use  their 
research  for  writing  original  poetry. 
"It  is  this  role  of  poetry  as  culture- 
memory,  [as]  custodian  of  the  past, 
with  its  ability  to  imagine  and  ani- 
mate the  voices  and  memories  of 
others  that  provided  the  inspiration 
behind  the  project,"  Pope  says.  She 
says  she  sees  the  project  as  the  cen- 
terpiece of  the  course. 

Students  enrolled  in  the  course 


say  they  were  drawn,  in  particular,  to 
the  idea  of  building  poetic  work  from 
primary  documents. "Every  poetry 
class  is  different,  but  the  way  that 
this  class  focused  on  content  rather 
than  form  really  helped  to  find 
strategies  to  answer  one  of  the  most 
difficult  questions:  What  will  I  write 
about?"  says  Melanie  Garcia  '07,  who 
took  the  course  the  first  semester  it 
was  offered,  last  spring.  Garcia's 
research  focused  on  the  diaries  of  a 
traveler/businessman  in  antebellum 
America;  the  man's  story,  Garcia  says, 
"captured  a  real  struggle  between 
ethics  and  desire." 


Pope  received  her  Ph.D.  in  English 
from  the  University  of  Wisconsin- 
Madison  and  is  the  author  of  five 
books  of  poetry  and  criticism.  At 
Duke,  where  she  has  taught  for 
more  than  twenty  years,  she  offers 
writing  workshops  and  literature 
courses.  She  has  a  special  interest  in 
women's  writing. 


Students  must  submit  a  writing 
sample  to  enroll  in  the  course  and, 
ideally,  should  have  prior  creative- 
writing  instruction. 


Students  read  a  wide  selection  of 
poetry  from  anthologies  such  as 
250  Poems,  edited  by  Peter  Schakel 
and  Jack  Ridl,  as  well  as  critical 
works  on  memory  and  the  writing 
process,  including  BirdbyBirdby 
Anne  Lamott  and  Democracy, 
Culture  and  the  Voice  of  Poetry  by 
Robert  Pinsky. 


Weekly  poetry-writing  assignments 

Journal  writing 

Assigned  readings 

Class  discussions 

Project  in  Special  Collections 


AdamEaglir, 


January- February  2008         13 


Gazette 

STATE   OF   THE   ARTS 


BIBLIO-FILE 


Selections  from  the  Rare  Book,  Manuscript,  and  Special  Collections  Library 


he  Rare  Book,  Manuscript,  and 
Special  Collections  Library 
preserves  many  items  related 
to  the  British  Empire  in  the 
nineteenth  century.  One  example  is 
the  elaborate  color-plate  book  by 
James  Rattray  titled  Scenery,  Inhabi- 
tants, and  Costumes  of  Afghanistan. 


Rattray,  a  lieutenant  in  the  British 
Bengal  Army,  recorded  his  experi- 
ences and  produced  sketches  during 
the  first  Anglo-Afghan  War,  which 
lasted  from  1 839  to  1 842.  Published 
after  the  war,  the  text  and  illustra- 
tions are  autobiographical  and 
recount  many  of  the  positive  and 


negative  aspects  of  a  campaign  that 
was  ultimately  unsuccessful.  There 
are  accounts  and  depictions  of  indi- 
vidual battles,  Afghan  cities,  local 
people  and  customs,  geographic  fea- 
tures, and  tribal  soldiers. 

The  work  was  published  by  the 
London  firm  of  Hering  and  Reming- 
ton and  contains  thirty  plates,  litho- 
graphed in  a  variety  of  colors  and 
then  substantially  enhanced  with 
hand-painted  accents.  Hering  and 
Remington  specialized  in  publishing 
narratives  and  images  from  travelers 
and  returning  British  soldiers,  and 
advertised  that  those  "intending  to 
publish  their  Works ...  may  rely 
upon  their  Sketches,  whether  good 
or  bad,  being  produced  in  the  best 
artistic  taste." 

Dramatic  tales  of  battles,  fashion- 
able women,  and  exotic  places  re- 
flected the  great  popular  demand  for 
images  and  accounts  of  the  Eastern 
reaches  of  the  empire.  The  accounts 
of  travel  to  an  Islamic  land  and  de- 
scriptions of  its  architecture,  culture, 
and  dress  would  have  reflected  the 
widespread  Orientalist  interest  in 
Islamic  culture.  Although  this  was  a 
deluxe  publication  and  was  expen- 
sive when  it  was  published,  the  text 
and  images  were  designed  to  appeal 
to  a  popular  Victorian  audience. 

library.duke.edu/specialcollections 


Ko-i-Staun  Foot  Soldiery  in  Summer  Costume,  actively  employed  among  the  Rocks,  plate  12, 
Scenery,  Inhabitants,  and  Costumes  of  Afghanistan,  by  James  Rattray,  London,  1847 


"The  greater  the  passion,  the  more  the  tran- 
scendence." 

He  didn't  dismiss  the  additional  value 
gained  from  a  close,  knowledgeable  reading. 
But,  he  added  with  a  smile,  "you  don't  study 
the  score  before  you've  heard  the  music." 

—  Sarah  Takvorian  '  1 0 


Crossing  Rembrandt 
with  David  Hammons 


B 


arkley  Hendricks,  best  known  for 
the  life-size  portraits  of  people  of 
color  from  the  urban  Northeast  that 
he  began  painting  in  the  late  1960s, 


holds  an  unusual  place  in  American  art.  He 
derives  his  inspiration  from  both  the  tech- 
nical virtuosity  of  Old  Masters  such  as  Van 
Dyck  and  Rembrandt  and  the  African- 
American  style  and  attitude  of  his  own  era. 
His  work  resides  at  the  nexus  of  American 
realism  and  post-modernism — somewhere 
between  portraitists  like  Chuck  Close  and 
Alex  Katz  and  pioneering  black  conceptu- 
alists  David  Hammons  and  Adrian  Piper. 

Beginning  in  February,  the  Nasher  Mu- 
seum of  Art  will  present  Hendricks'  first 
career  retrospective.  The  show,  "Barkley  L. 
Hendricks:  Birth  of  the  Cool,"  organized  by 
Trevor  Schoonmaker,  the  Nasher's  curator 
of  contemporary  art,  will  include  work  from 
1964  to  the  present. 

One  high  point  is  Bahsir  (Robert  Gowens), 
a  1975  painting  that  depicts  the  same  sub- 
ject from  three  different  angles.  The  triple- 
perspective  composition  is  loosely  based  on 
historical  depictions  of  The  Three  Graces 
who  represented  beauty,  charm,  and  joy  in 
Greek  mythology.  Hendricks'  subject  is  a 
mere  mortal,  dressed  like  a  character  out  of 
Shaft,  Super  Fly,  or  another  of  the  Blax- 
ploitation  films  of  the  early  1970s.  But  the 
artist's  bold  portrayal  of  the  man's  attitude 
and  style  elevates  him  to  celebrity  status. 

The  exhibition  will  be  on  display  at  Duke 
February  7  through  July  13,  then  travel  to  the 


Stylin':  Hendricks'  Bahsir  (Robert  Gowens) 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Studio  Museum  in  Harlem,  the  Santa  Monica 
Museum  in  Los  Angeles,  the  Pennsylvania 
Academy  of  Fine  Arts  in  Philadelphia,  and 
the  Contemporary  Arts  Museum  in  Houston. 
www.nasher.duke.edu 

New  View  of  the  Female  Artist 

Exploring  the  concept  of  the  female 
artist  was  the  focus  of  a  symposium 
sponsored  by  the  Sally  Bingham  Cen- 
ter for  Women's  History  and  Culture 
this  past  fall. 

Titled  "Neither  Model  Nor  Muse,"  the 
center's  third  biennial  symposium  celebrat- 
ed women  as  creators  and  producers  of  art 
rather  than  as  sources  of  inspiration,  as  they 
are  often  seen  throughout  history.  It  also 
recognized  that  the  term  "female  artist" 
encompasses  a  diverse  group  of  people,  as 
well  as  works.  "The  perception  is  that  wom- 
en artists  are  all  white,  straight,  middle- 
class  women,"  says  Laura  Micham,  the  cen- 
ter's director  and  the  event's  primary  organ- 
izer. "We  wanted  to  problematize  that." 

The  symposium  drew  some  200  people 
for  workshops,  performances,  and  lectures 
covering  topics  ranging  from  eighteenth- 
and  nineteenth-century  domestic  arts  to 
women  in  hip-hop.  One  workshop  featured 
Cuntry  Kings,  a  drag  performance  troupe, 
while  another,  just  down  the  hall,  consid- 
ered the  art  of  book  binding. 

— Katie  Byers-Dent  M.Div.  '09 
library.duke.edu/specialcollections/bingham 

Professor's  Oscar  Bid 

A  documentary  film  about  Duke  litera- 
ture professor  Ariel  Dorfman's  exile 
from  Chile  has  made  the  "short  list" 
for  Oscar  nominees  in  the  Best  Docu- 
mentary Picture  category.  A  Promise  to  the 
Dead:  The  Exile  Journey  of  Ariel  Dorfman  is 
among  fifteen  films  the  Academy  of  Motion 
Picture  Arts  6k  Sciences  is  considering  for 
the  five  official  nominee  spots  in  the  Os- 
cars' feature-length  documentary  category. 
The  five  will  be  announced,  along  with 
other  Oscar  nominees,  on  January  22. 


Arresting  image:  Artist  Alita  Walsh  is  taken  into  custody  for  not  moving  her  car  at  the  first  Women's  Equality 
Day  march  in  New  York,  August  1970.  Image  from  Sally  Bingham  Center  for  Women's  History  and  Culture 


The  documentary,  directed  by  Peter  Ray- 
mont,  is  based  on  Dorfman's  memoir,  Head- 
ing South,  Looking  North.  Dorfman,  whose 
story  was  the  focus  of  a  Duke  Magazine  fea- 
ture in  September-October  2005,  was  raised 
in  Chile.  In  the  early  1970s,  he  was  a  rising 
star  in  the  University  of  Chile's  literature 
department.  He  accepted  the  post  of  media 
adviser  to  the  chief  of  staff  for  President 
Salvador  Allende  not  long  before  the  Al- 
lende  government  was  overthrown  by  Au- 
gusto  Pinochet.  Dorfman  was  forced  to  flee 


the  country  and  has  dedicated  much  of  his 
life  to  telling  Chile's  story. 

The  film  was  an  official  selection  at  the 
Toronto  International  Film  Festival  in  Sep- 
tember and  was  screened  at  the  Interna- 
tional Documentary  Film  Festival  Amster- 
dam in  the  Netherlands  in  November.  Its 
competition  for  the  Oscar  includes  several 
Iraq  war  documentaries,  as  well  as  Michael 
Moore's  Sicko,  about  universal  health  care. 

www.promisetothedead.com 


jry- February  2008 


Gazette 


RESEARCH   FRONTIERS 


Hospice  Care  Saves 
Dignity,  Money 


UPDATE 


Hospice  care  not  only  helps  increase 
the  dignity  and  ease  the  suffering  of 
people  who  are  dying,  but  also  pro- 
vides significant  savings  to  Medi- 
care, according  to  a  new  Duke -led  study. 

The  study,  published  in  the  journal  Social 
Science  &  Medicine,  used  a  nationally  repre- 
sentative sample  of  Medicare  beneficiaries 
sixty-five  and  older  who  died  between  1993 
and  2003.  It  matched  hospice  users  to  non- 
hospice  users  who  were  otherwise  similar  in 
terms  of  such  things  as  age,  race,  and  gender. 
"We  found  that  hospice  reduced  Medi- 
care spending  by  an  average  of  $2,309  per 
person  compared  to  normal  care,  which  typ- 
ically includes  expensive  hospitalizations 
near  death,"  says  Don  Taylor,  assistant  pro- 
fessor of  public  policy  and  the  study's  pri- 
mary author. 

The  results  also  show  that  for  seven  in 
ten  hospice  users,  Medicare  costs  would  be 
reduced  if  hospice  had  been  used  for  a 
longer  time.  The  median  length  of  hospice 
use  was  fifteen  days.  But  Taylor  says  the  data 
show  that  patients  who  enter  hospice  care 
for  the  last  seven  to  eight  weeks  of  life 
"maximize  cost  savings  to  the  program." 

"This  length  of  use  also  allows  patients 
and  their  families  to  fully  experience  the 
benefits  of  hospice,  such  as  bereavement 
counseling,  palliative  care,  and  respite  for 
care-givers,"  he  says. 

"The  hospice  benefit  appears  to  be  that 
rare  situation  in  health  care  where  some- 
thing that  improves  quality  of  life  also  saves 
money." 

www.sciencedirect.com/ 
science/journal/02779536 

Transfusion  Mystery  Solved 

Over  the  past  five  years,  many  studies 
have  demonstrated  that  patients 
who  receive  blood  transfusions  have 
higher  incidences  of  heart  attack, 
heart  failure,  stroke,  and  even  death.  While 


'The  Strange  Case  ofYektan  Turkyilmaz:  An  International  Incident," 
Duke  Magazine ,  November-December  2005 


n  the  summer  of  2005,  after 
wrapping  up  two  months  of 
archival  research  in  Yerevan, 
Armenia,  Yektan  Turkyilmaz,  a 
graduate  student  in  cultural  anthro- 
pology at  Duke,  prepared  to  head 
back  to  his  home  country  of  Turkey. 
But  at  the  airport,  he  was  arrested  by 
officers  of  Armenia's  National 
Security  Service.  He  was  accused  of 
being  a  Turkish  spy,  and  later  charged 
with  attempting  to  smuggle  books 
out  of  the  country,  violating  a  law  he 
says  he  did  not  know  existed. 

Turkyilmaz  had  fallen  victim  to  a 
long-simmering  international  feud  be- 
tween the  two  countries.  Armenians 
have  sought  to  classify  the  killing  and 
deportation  of  more  than  a  million 
Armenians  in  the  Ottoman  Empire 


between  1 91 5  and  1 923  as  genocide. 
Turkey  claims  that  these  were  simply 
casualties  of  war.  Turkyilmaz,  the  first 
Turkish  national  to  be  granted  access 
to  the  Armenian  archives,  was  keenly 
aware  of  this  dispute.  In  fact,  his  disser- 
tation is  on  that  very  period  of  history 
in  Eastern  Anatolia,  the  region  where 
the  alleged  genocide  was  to  have 
taken  place.  Eventually,  he  was  given 
a  suspended  sentence  and  released. 
This  past  October  the  U.S.  House 
of  Representatives  took  up  a  bill  that 
would  officially  declare  the  killings  in 
Eastern  Anatolia  an  instance  of  geno- 
cide. President  George  W.  Bush  criti- 
cized the  bill,  saying  that  it  would 
harm  the  United  States' relationship 
with  Turkey,  a  key  ally  in  the  global 
war  on  terror. 


Turkyilmaz  agrees. "While  I  be- 
lieve it  is  historically  credible  to  call 
the  1 91 5  massacres  a  genocide,  the 
current  international  political  climate 
means  this  bill  would  do  little  to 
advance  justice,  prevent  further 
genocide,  or  promote  the  stated 
American  aim  of  supporting  democ- 
racy in  the  Middle  East,"  he  says.  The 
bill,  he  says,  has  only  reinvigorated 
"ultra-nationalists  in  Turkey  who 
seethe  bill  as  evidence  of  America 
and  Armenia  conspiring  to  paint 
Turks  as  victimizers." 

Instead,  he  suggests,  Congress 
should  focus  on  another  bill  that 
would  condemn  the  assassination  of 
Turkish-Armenian  journalist  Hrant 
Dink  and  call  for  a  continued  investi- 
gation into  his  murder. 


it  is  known  that  the  banked  blood  is  not  the 
same  as  blood  in  the  body,  the  reasons  be- 
hind banked  blood's  association  with  worse 
outcomes  have  not  been  well-understood. 

But  Duke  Medical  Center  researchers 
have  now  discovered  a  property  of  banked 


blood  that  they  believe  may  account  for  its 
questionable  utility,  and  at  the  same  time,    • 
uncovered  a  possible  solution. 

Almost  immediately  after  it  is  donated,  s 
the  researchers  found,  human  blood  begins  g 
to  lose  nitric  oxide,  a  key  gas  that  opens  up  •§ 


16 


DUKH  MAGAZINE 


Focus 


STICKY  SITUATION 

For  more  than  thirty  years,  Dan  Rittschof,  professor 


nMtM 


and  other  surfaces.  He  has  used  science  to  cc 


toxic  chemicals  that  are  use 


tschof.  shown  holding 


ab-grown  barnacles  of  varying  gc 


— 


ry  opens  the  door  f 


Gazette 

RESEARCH   FRONTIERS 


blood  vessels  to  facilitate  the  transfer  of 
oxygen  from  red  blood  cells  to  oxygen- 
starved  tissues. 

"It  doesn't  matter  how  much  oxygen  is 
being  carried  by  red  blood  cells,  it  cannot 
get  to  the  tissues  that  need  it  without  nitric 
oxide,"  says  Jonathan  Stamler,  a  professor  of 
cardiovascular  and  pulmonary  medicine 
and  senior  author  of  one  of  two  papers  pub- 
lished by  the  researchers  in  the  Proceedings 
of  the  National  Academy  of  Sciences.  "If  the 
blood  vessels  cannot  open,  the  red  blood 
cells  back  up  in  the  vessel,  and  tissues  go 
without  oxygen.  The  result  can  be  a  heart 
attack  or  even  death." 

They  also  found  that  as  nitric  oxide  levels 
decrease,  the  red  blood  cells  become  stiffer, 
making  it  more  difficult  for  them  to  deform 
their  shape  in  order  to  squeeze  through  tiny 
blood  vessels.  "The  issue  of  transfused  blood 
being  potentially  harmful  to  patients  is  one 


f)^*^ 


Cranium  Changes 


JO)  (3 


of  the  biggest  problems  facing  American 
medicine,"  Stamler  says. 

"Most  people  do  not  appreciate  that 
blood  has  the  intrinsic  capacity  to  open 
blood  vessels,  thereby  enabling  oxygen  to 
get  to  tissues.  Banked  blood  cannot  do  this 
properly." 

However,  Stamler  adds,  transfusions,  and 
therefore  banked  blood,  are  still  critically 
important.  In  the  studies,  his  team  found 
that  adding  nitric  oxide  gas  to  stored  blood 
before  transfusion  appears  to  restore  red 
blood  cells'  ability  to  transfer  oxygen  to  tis- 
sues, though  he  cautions  that  the  practice 
still  needs  to  be  proved  in  a  clinical  trial. 


There's  a  new  wrinkle  in  the  battle 
against  looking  old:  Doctors  have  dis- 
covered that  it's  not  gravity  that's 
pulling  your  skin  down — it  may  be 
your  shifting  bone  structure. 

While  many  think  the  Earth's  gravita- 
tional pull  is  to  blame  for  sagging  facial  fea- 
tures, researchers  at  Duke  Medical  Center 
have  discovered  that  changes  in  the  face's 
underlying  bony  structure  may  be  the  cul- 
prit. And  those  changes  appear  to  occur 
more  dramatically  in  women  than  in  men. 

"This  paradigm  shift  may  have  big  impli- 
cations for  cosmetic  eye  and  facial  surgery," 
says  Michael  Richard,  assistant  clinical  pro- 
fessor of  ophthalmology  and  an  oculoplastic 
surgeon  at  the  Duke  Eye  Center.  Richard 
presented  his  research  at  the  annual  meet- 
ing of  the  American  Society  of  Ophthalmic 
Plastic  and  Reconstructive  Surgeons  this 
past  fall. 

"Our  focus  has  always  been  on  tightening 
and  lifting  the  soft  tissues,  skin,  and  muscle 
in  an  attempt  to  cosmetically  restore  pa- 
tients' youthful  appearance.  Based  on  this 
information,  it  might  actually  be  better  to 
restore  the  underlying  bony  framework  of 
the  face  to  its  youthful  proportions." 

Since  most  bones  in  the  body  stop  grow- 
ing after  puberty,  experts  assumed  the  hu- 
man skull  stopped  growing  then  too.  But 
using  CT  scans  of  100  men  and  women,  the 
researchers  discovered  that  the  bones  in  the 
human  skull  continue  to  grow  as  people  age. 
The  forehead  moves  forward  while  the  cheek 
bones  move  backward.  As  the  bones  move, 
the  overlying  muscle  and  skin  also  move, 
subtly  changing  the  shape  of  the  face. 


"The  facial  bones  also  appear  to  tilt  for- 
ward as  we  get  older,  which  causes  them  to 
lose  support  for  the  overlying  soft  tissues," 
Richard  says.  "That  results  in  more  sagging 
and  drooping." 

The  problems  from  these  aging  changes 
extend  beyond  cosmetic  concerns.  Drooping 
|  tissues  around  the  eyelids  can  lead  to  vision 
"  problems,  dry  eyes,  and  excessive  tearing. 

|  www.dukeeye.org 

Go  for  the  Gold 

Duke  scientists  may  have  solved  the 
mystery  surrounding  the  healing 
properties  of  gold — a  discovery  they 
say  could  renew  interest  in  gold 
salts  as  a  treatment  for  rheumatoid  arthritis 
and  other  inflammatory  diseases. 

Physicians  first  used  injections  of  gold  salts 
in  the  early  1900s  to  ease  the  pain  and  swell- 
ing associated  with  arthritis. 

But  treatment  came  at  a  high  cost:  The 
shots  took  months  to  take  effect  and  had 
side  effects  including  rashes,  mouth  sores, 
kidney  damage,  and,  occasionally,  problems 
with  the  bone  marrow's  ability  to  make  new 
blood  cells. 

Recently,  new  treatments  such  as  meth- 
otrexate and  biologically  engineered  drugs 


have  replaced  gold  as  a  preferred  treatment, 
and  gold  salts,  while  remaining  effective, 
are  usually  administered  as  a  last  resort. 

But  David  Pisetsky,  chief  of  the  division 
of  rheumatology  and  immunology  in  the 
department  of  medicine,  argues  that  gold 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


shouldn't  be  dismissed  so  quickly.  Pisetsky 
has  long  been  interested  in  a  molecule, 
HMGB1,  that  provokes  inflammation,  the 
key  process  underlying  the  development  of 
rheumatoid  arthritis. 

Inside  the  nucleus,  HMGB1  is  a  key  player 
in  transcription,  the  process  that  converts 
genetic  information  in  DNA  to  its  RNA 
equivalent.  But,  Pisetsky  says,  when  HMGB1 
is  released  from  the  cell — either  through 
normal  processes  or  cell  death — it  becomes 
a  stimulus  to  the  immune  system  and  en- 
hances inflammation.  The  molecule  is  espe- 
cially prevalent  around  the  joints,  where 
arthritis  occurs. 

Working  with  colleagues  at  the  Univer- 
sity of  Pittsburgh  and  the  Karolinska  In- 
stitute in  Sweden,  Pisetsky  stimulated  mouse 
and  human  immune  system  cells  to  secrete 
HMGB1,  then  treated  them  with  gold  salts. 

The  researchers  found  that  the  gold 
blocked  the  release  of  HMGB1  from  the 
nucleus.  In  theory,  that  should  lessen  the 
amount  available  to  provoke  the  body's 
immune  system,  thereby  weakening  the  in- 
flammatory response.  The  findings  were 
published  in  the  January  issue  of  the  ]ournal 
of  Leukocyte  Biology. 


www.jleukbio.org 


In  Brief 


^  Peter  Agre,  a  2003  Nobel  Prize  winner 
in  chemistry,  will  return  to  the  Johns  Hop- 
kins University  to  lead  its  Malaria  Research 
Institute  after  serving  for  two  years  as  vice 
chancellor  for  science  and  technology  at 
Duke  Medical  Center.  Earlier  this  year,  Agre 
publicly  considered  running  for  the  U.S. 
Senate  from  Minnesota,  but  decided  against 
the  run. 

^  U.S.  Supreme  Court  Justice  Samuel  A. 
Alito  will  serve  as  one  of  three  judges  for 
the  final  round  of  the  Duke  Law  School 
Dean's  Cup  Moot  Court  competition  for 
second-  and  third-year  students  in  February. 

^  Kristin  Butler,  a  senior,  has  been  named 
the  2007  winner  of  the  Melcher  Family 
Award  for  Excellence  in  Journalism.  The 
award,  sponsored  by  the  Terry  Sanford  In- 
stitute's DeWitt  Wallace  Center  for  Media 


and  Democracy,  recognizes  the  best  pub- 
lished article  by  a  Duke  undergraduate. 
Butler  was  honored  for  an  opinion  col- 
umn in  The  Chronicle  that  focused  on  how 
patients  lacking  health  insurance  typically 
are  billed  at  higher  rates  at  the  Duke  Uni- 
versity Health  System  and  elsewhere. 

^  David  Fitzpatrick  Ph.D.  '82,  professor 
of  neurobiology,  was  named  director  of  the 
new  interdisciplinary  Institute  for  Brain, 
Mind,  Genes,  and  Behavior.  The  institute, 
an  outgrowth  of  the  university's  latest  stra- 
tegic plan,  addresses  the  fact  that  research 
into  brain  function  is  now  spread  across  a 
number  of  units  on  campus. 

^  Carlisle  Howard  has  retired  after  twen- 
ty-one years  as  director  of  Duke's  Interna- 
tional House. 

%$  Richard  F.  Kay,  professor  of  biological 
anthropology  and  anatomy;  Bruce  H.  Cor- 


liss, professor  of  earth  and  ocean  sciences; 
and  Larry  B.  Crowder,  Stephen  Toth  Profes- 
sor of  marine  biology  were  elected  fellows  of 
the  prestigious  American  Association  for 
the  Advancement  of  Science. 

^  Barbara  Kingsolver,  a  novelist,  essayist, 
and  non-fiction  and  short-story  writer,  has 
been  selected  to  deliver  Duke's  2008  com- 
mencement address  on  Sunday,  May  11. 
Kingsolver  was  previously  a  keynote  speak- 
er at  the  North  Carolina  Festival  of  the 
Book  held  at  Duke  and  in  Durham  in  2006. 
Her  daughter,  Camille,  is  a  Duke  junior. 

^  Donna  Lisker,  director  of  the  Women's 
Center  and  co-director  of  the  Baldwin 
Scholars  program,  has  been  named  associ- 
ate dean  of  undergraduate  education. 

<t  Ted  Roof,  Duke's  head  football  coach, 
has  been  fired.  Roof  compiled  a  record  of  6- 
45  since  taking  over  from  Carl  Franks  '83  in 


DUKE  Summer  Youth  Programs  2008 

Academic  Enrichment  Camps  for 
Middle  &  High  School  Students 


Discover  the  Difference! 


Registration  Opens: 
December  3,  2007 


For  More  Information 

www.learnmore.duke.edu/youth 
919.684.6259 


January- February  2008 


Campus  Observer 


2003.  When  hired,  Roof  predicted  that  he 
would  need  five  years  to  turn  the  Duke  pro- 
gram around — a  time  frame  supported  by 
many  football  analysts.  But  Joe  Alleva,  ath- 
letics director,  said  in  a  press  conference 
that  he  had  not  seen  enough  progress  on 
the  field.  Duke  has  had  nine  head  coaches 
in  the  last  four  decades;  just  one,  Steve 
Spurrier,  has  left  with  a  winning  record. 

if  Robert  Thompson  will  step  down  from 
his  post  as  dean  of  Trinity  College  of  Arts 
and  Sciences  on  August  1  to  return  to  teach- 
ing. He  holds  appointments  in  the  depart- 
ments of  psychology  and  neuroscience,  psy- 
chiatry and  behavioral  sciences,  and  pedi- 
atrics. He  became  dean  of  undergraduate 
affairs  in  1997,  dean  of  Trinity  College  in 
1999,  and  vice  provost  for  undergraduate 
education  in  2004- 

V  Tuan  Vo-Dinh,  R.  Eugene  and  Susie  E. 
Goodson  professor  of  biomedical  engineer- 
ing and  director  of  the  Fitzpatrick  Institute 
for  Photonics,  was  ranked  forty-third  on  a 
list  of  the  world's  top  100  living  geniuses 
compiled  by  Creators  Synectics,  a  global 
consulting  firm,  and  published  in  Britain's 
Daily  Telegraph.  Rankings  were  based  on  a 
composite  score  from  several  categories,  in- 
cluding paradigm  shifting,  popular  acclaim, 
intellectual  power,  cultural  importance,  and 
achievement.  Vo-Dinh  tied  with  Bill  Gates, 
Muhammad  Ali,  Osama  bin  Laden,  inven- 
tor James  West,  and  author  Philip  Roth. 

V  Gen.  Anthony  Zinni,  USMC  (Ret.), 
former  head  of  the  U.S.  Central  Command, 
will  serve  as  distinguished  lecturer  in  resi- 
dence at  the  Terry  Sanford  Institute  of  Pub- 
lic Policy  this  spring.  He  is  teaching  an  under- 
graduate course,  "Leading  in  a  New  World." 

'</  DUMAC,  which  manages  Duke's  en- 
dowment and  other  investment  assets, 
achieved  a  return  of  25.6  percent  on  the 
university's  investments  in  the  past  fiscal 
year.  DUMAC's  annual  return  was  the  third 
highest  among  the  twenty-five  large  U.S. 
university  endowments  with  which  it  typi- 
cally compares  its  performance,  based  on 
preliminary  data.  The  investment  returns 
and  new  gifts  to  the  university's  endowment 
brought  its  market  value  to  $5.9  billion. 


A  Nap  A  Day 


On  the  third  floor  of  Bostock  Li- 
brary, in  the  Carpenter  Reading 
Room,  a  student  slouches  back 
in  his  seat.  His  face  leans  heavily 
on  his  hand,  and  a  curtain  shades  his 
face  from  the  warm  autumn  sunlight 
pouring  in  through  a  nearby  window.  His 
stockinged  feet  are  propped  up  on  a  sec- 
ond chair;  his  backpack  rests  under- 
neath. A  copy  of  The  Economist  lies  open 
in  his  lap.  He  sleeps. 

A  few  seats  down,  a  young  woman  in  a 
blue  cardigan  stares  for  several  minutes 
at  the  same  page  of  what  appears  to  be  a 
long,  photocopied  book  chapter.  She 
nods  in  and  out,  every  once  in  a  while 
sitting  up  straighter  and  letting  her  eyes 
drift  over  a  few  lines  of  text.  After  a 
time,  she  gets  up  and  moves  to  an  empty 
carrel,  snaps  on  the  attached  desk  lamp, 
and  sets  up  her  article  and  a  notebook. 
She  rests  her  head  on  both  hands  and 
steels  herself  for  a  fresh  attempt. 

Witness  the  nap.  Whether  intentional 
or  not,  napping  plays  an  important  role 
in  the  lives  of  Duke  students  today. 

Some  find  that  quick  power  naps  in 
the  middle  of  long  reading  or  study  ses- 
sions help  to  improve  their  focus.  "When 
you're  reading  for  three  or  four  hours  in  a 
sitting,  you  need  that  twenty  minutes  to 
recharge,"  says  Adam  Van  Wart,  a  student 
in  the  master  of  theological  studies  pro- 
gram. "It's  inevitable." 

For  others,  naps  are  necessary  given 
busy  academic  and  social  schedules  that 
often  don't  allow  for  sufficient  rest  at 
night.  A  survey  conducted  in  the  fall  of 
2006  through  the  National  College 
Health  Assessment  reported  that  while 
roughly  68  percent  of  Duke  students  said 
they  got  a  good  amount  of  sleep  four  or 
fewer  nights  per  week,  only  32  percent 
said  they  got  a  good  amount  of  sleep  five 
or  more  nights  per  week.  ("Good  sleep" 
was  defined  as  getting  enough  sleep  to 
feel  well  rested  in  the  morning.) 

Xavier  A.  Preud'Homme,  an  assistant 
professor  of  clinical  medicine  at  Duke 
whose  research  interests  include  sleep, 


says  that  Duke's  move  in  2004  to  abolish 
8  a.m.  classes,  moving  back  the  start  of  the 
day,  represents  a  laudable  juncture  of  aca- 
demic and  evidence-based  information  about 
how  the  body  works.  "We  know  that  the  in- 
ternal clock  in  young  adults  goes  through  a 
change.  They  begin  naturally  to  go  to  bed 
late.  This  happens  transiently  and  pre- 
dictably in  teens  and  young  adults — they 
don't  do  it  just  to  bug  their  mothers." 

Even  an  extra  half  hour  or  forty-five  min- 
utes of  sleep  in  the  morning  helps  students 
in  this  life  stage  get  to  class  feeling  alert 
and  ready  to  face  the  stress  of  an  academic 
day.  But  in  spite  of  such  healthy  shifts, 
America  remains  a  country  in  a  chronic 
state  of  sleep  deprivation.  "A  leading  cause 
of  daytime  sleepiness  is  the  American  trend 
of  wanting  to  be  performing  at  one's  best  all 
the  time,  wanting  to  live  many  lives  in  one 
lifetime — and  so  they  are  curtailing  the 
normal  amount  of  sleep,"  Preud'Homme  says. 

Researchers  used  to  think  that  eight  hours 


"I  do  think  about  going  to  the 
back  room  at  work  and  putting 
my  head  down  for  a  minute. 
But  it's  so  taboo  to  be  tired! 
I  think  napping  makes  a  lot 
more  sense  than  dragging  your 
feet  the  whole  day." 


a  night  was  enough,  but  recent  research  in- 
dicates that  there  are  far  more  people  who 
need  more  than  eight  hours  than  those  who 
need  fewer.  Still,  facing  academic  deadlines 
and  social  pressures,  students,  like  other 
Americans,  don't  always  have  time  to  fit  in 
a  full  eight,  nine,  or  ten  hours  at  night. 

So  they  nap. 

An  afternoon  nap  seems  to  make  scientific 
sense,  Preud'Homme  says.  Human  beings 
have  a  biphasic  sleep  pattern:  that  is,  an  in- 


DUKE  MAGAZnN  E 


ternal  clock  that  signals  a  need  to  sleep  in 
midaftemoon  and  then  again  in  the  even- 
ing. Give  in  to  that  urge,  experts  say,  and 
you  will  reap  benefits  of  increased  alertness, 
productivity,  creativity — even  happiness. 

But  once  you  commit  to  the  art  of  nap- 
ping, don't  plan  too  long  a  siesta.  Sleep  is  a 
complicated  business  consisting  of  several 
stages.  "The  art  of  napping  is  to  limit  it  to 
twenty  minutes  to  prevent  entering  the 
deep  stages  of  sleep,"  Preud'Homme  says. 
"When  you  remain  in  light  sleep,  you  are 
refreshed,  but  it  doesn't  impair  your  night- 
time sleep  cycle.  One  of  the  functions  of 
sleep  is  to  recover.  It  also  serves  to  encode 
what  you  learn."  Exceed  twenty  minutes, 
and  you'll  be  rudely  awakened  from  the 
deep  stage  of  sleep,  and  end  up  feeling 
cranky  and  disoriented. 

The  library  is  just  one  of  the  places  that 
students  refresh  themselves.  A  highly  unsci- 
entific survey  published  on  the  student 
affairs  website  found  students'  other  favorite 
spots  to  be  their  own  rooms,  the  basement 
of  the  Teer  Engineering  Library,  and  the 
couches  in  the  Bryan  Center. 

Sophomore  Sarah  Takvorian  naps  in 
public  places  when  necessary,  but  says  she 


prefers  to  sleep  in  the  comfort  of  her  own 
dorm  room.  She's  developed  a  reputation 
among  her  friends  as  a  prolific  napper,  often 
taking  two  a  day.  Sometimes  college  feels 
like  a  competition  among  her  peers  to  see 
who  can  thrive,  or  at  least  get  by,  on  the 
least  amount  of  sleep,  she  says.  But  she 
doesn't  play  that  game.  "Even  if  I'm  getting 
an  adequate  amount  of  sleep  by  other  peo- 
ple's standards,  I  still  nap." 

Napping,  Takvorian  acknowledges,  is  a 
good  tool  for  catching  up  on  sleep  and  for 
reducing  stress;  it's  also  a  great  procrastina- 
tion technique.  She  says  the  college  sched- 
ule, with  classes  distributed  throughout  the 
days  and  weeks  with  long  breaks  between,  is 
very  nap-friendly,  but  she  worries  about  life 
after  Duke.  "I'm  actually  terrified  that  I 
won't  be  able  to  nap,  and  that  I'll  have  to 
adopt  a  regular  person's  sleeping  habits." 

On  the  other  side  of  that  equation  is 
Christine  E.  Leach  '07,  who  fondly  remem- 
bers napping  on  the  quad  outside  Duke 
Chapel.  Working  for  Blackrock,  an  asset 
management  firm  in  New  York,  she's  found 
that  for  a  newly  minted  financial  profes- 
sional, sleep  deprivation  is  the  norm. 

"All  my  friends  and  my  roommates  are  in 


that  same  boat,"  Leach  says.  "We're  only 
sleeping  five  or  six  hours  a  night  during  the 
week,  and  staying  out  until  four  in  the 
morning  on  the  weekends. 

"I  do  think  about  going  to  the  back  room 
at  work  and  putting  my  head  down  for  a 
minute.  But  it's  so  taboo  to  be  tired!  I  think 
napping  makes  a  lot  more  sense  than  drag- 
ging your  feet  the  whole  day." 

Napping  is  not  necessarily  always  a  good 
thing,  sleep  experts  emphasize.  Someone  with 
insomnia  may  find  that  sleeping  during  the 
day  makes  nighttime  wakefulness  even  worse. 
In  a  1996  study,  Dan  G.  Blazer,  a  psychiatric 
geriatrician  at  Duke  Medical  Center,  found 
that  older  people  who  napped  didn't  live  as 
long,  perhaps,  he  says,  because  their  nap- 
ping has  something  to  do  with  not  sleeping 
well  at  night  as  a  result  of  underlying  med- 
ical problems.  Even  for  younger  people,  day- 
time sleepiness  and  napping  can  indicate  an 
underlying  pathology  such  as  sleep  apnea, 
or  mental-health  issues  such  as  depression. 

To  that  end,  the  Duke  Student  Health  Cen- 
ter, in  2005,  opened  the  Oasis,  an  on-cam- 
pus  space  for  students  to  use  for  respite.  Fur- 
nished with  two  automatic  massage  chairs, 
comfortable  furniture,  a  soothing  fountain, 


January- February  2008 


21 


Q&A 


plants,  and  even  an  aquarium,  it  can  be  a 
nice  place  for  a  quick  snooze. 

"It's  a  relaxation  space,"  says  Kevin  J. 
Harrell,  a  health  education  specialist  for 
the  health  center  and  director  of  the 
Oasis.  "Students  meditate  here,  and  we 
offer  counseling  for  stress  management, 
relaxation  techniques,  and  sleep  hygiene.  I 
see  more  people  who  have  difficulty  with 
sleep  related  to  stress  and  anxiety  than 
anything  else.  I  teach  them  about  the  ben- 
efits of  getting  enough  sleep. 

"Often  they  just  want  to  talk  to  some- 
body about  stress  management.  I  think 
that  there  are  more  students  who  are 
seeking  help  and  understand  that  they 
don't  have  to  go  without  sleep." 

Of  course,  not  every  Duke  community 
member  favors  naps.  Laura  Barnard,  a  mas- 
ter of  divinity  student,  says  she  avoids 
the  practice.  "I  always  feel  like  I'm  going 
to  miss  something,"  she  says.  "When  I  was 
young,  I  even  hated  naps."  Forced  to  take 
a  daily  nap  after  her  older  sister  had 
grown  out  of  it,  Barnard  would  make  her 
family  "promise  they  wouldn't  do  any- 
thing fun  while  I  was  sleeping." 

She  acknowledges  that,  on  occasion, 
she'll  try  to  fit  in  a  nap  out  of  sheer  ne- 
cessity— for  example,  after  a  late  night  out 
followed  by  an  early  morning  at  church. 
But  even  in  those  cases,  she  says,  daytime 
sleep  doesn't  come  easy.  "If  I  allow  myself 
an  hour  for  napping,  it  might  take  me 
half  of  that  time  just  to  fall  asleep.  It 
becomes  an  entirely  frustrating  process." 
She  never  falls  asleep  reading.  It  always 
has  to  be  a  conscious  act.  When  she  does 
fall  asleep,  she'll  often  wake  up  groggy. 

Sitting  on  the  chapel  steps,  she  gazes 
out  at  the  quad,  where  two  young  women 
lie  on  the  grass,  apparently  asleep,  one 
with  her  head  on  top  of  a  book.  "I'm  in- 
credibly jealous  of  these  people  who  can 
take  a  twenty-minute  power  nap  and 
wake  up  refreshed,"  she  admits.  "Even 
outside,  with  all  the  noise.  It's  really  in- 
comprehensible to  me." 

— Catherine  O'Neill  Grace 


Grace  is  a  freelance  writer  in 
New  York. 


Sending  the  Right  Message 

Martin  Binks  is  director  of  behavioral  health 
and  the  research  director  at  the  Duke  Diet  & 
Fitness  Center,  a  multidisciplinary,  residential 
weight-loss  program.  He  is  also  an  assistant 
professor  in  the  division  of  medical  psychology 
at  Duke  and  co-author  of  The  Duke  Diet. 
This  past  fall,  Binks  wrote  a  series  of  news- 
paper op-eds  that  were  highly  critical  of 
The  Biggest  Loser  and  other  reality-television 
shows  structured  as  team  weight-loss 
competitions.  In  the  shows,  competitors  are 
placed  on  restrictive  diets  and  grueling 
exercise  regimens. 

What's  wrong  with  The  Biggest  Loser? 

One  of  the  major  issues  when  you're 
sensationalizing  any  issue  is  that  you  lose 
some  valuable  facts.  These  shows  may 
occasionally  mention  healthy  or  moderate 
messages,  but  then  they  negate  this  with 
these  dramatic  scenes  of  fitness  trainers 
screaming  in  the  ear  of  participants  and 
pushing  on  their  back  when  they're  trying 
to  do  pushups.  They  make  people  who  are 
severely  obese  run  up  ten  flights  of  stairs 
or  to  the  point  of  collapse  on  a  treadmill. 
This  is  not  only  harmful  but  also  of  little 
long-term  benefit. 

I  think  my  problem  with  these  programs 
is  the  message  that  they're  giving  to  the 
masses  that  are  watching — that  it's  neces- 
sary to  push  yourself  to  near-collapse  when 
exercising,  that  anything  short  of  huge 
weight  losses  signifies  failure,  and  that  it's 
somehow  motivating  and  acceptable  to 
belittle  people  in  front  of  others. 

What  effect  does  that  approach  to  weight  loss  have? 

Our  experience  has  shown  us  that  the 
majority  of  people  who  do  these  overly 
restrictive,  overly  intensive  approaches  find 
it  difficult  to  sustain  the  effort  and  ulti- 


mately aren't  successful.  Nobody's  going  to 
be  able  to  keep  up  the  level  of  activity  that 
they're  depicting  in  these  shows  over  the 
long  term.  What  we  promote  at  the  Duke 
Diet  &  Fitness  Center  is  not  a  "thank-God- 
that's-over  approach"  to  exercise.  Rather, 
we  encourage  people  to  find  activities  they 
can  do  comfortably,  possibly  enjoy,  and 
maintain  for  a  lifetime.  A  great  goal  is  to 
start  by  trying  to  work  toward  adding  10,000 
steps  to  your  day.  The  same  moderate  view 
is  true  for  food,  whether  it's  cutting  back  on 
portions,  or  trying  to  eat  a  few  more  vegeta- 
bles. That's  something  that  somebody  looks 
at  and  thinks,  "I  can  do  that." 

Obviously  these  shows  are  popular  at  least  in  part 
because  of  what  is  seen  as  compelling  human 
drama.  And  some  participants  do  lose  a  lot  of  weight. 

My  intent  in  writing  and  talking  about  this 
subject  is  not  to  diminish  the  success  of 
these  participants  or  the  viewers  who  are 
inspired  by  watching.  I'm  thrilled  that 
somebody  was  able  to  lose  200-odd  pounds 
and  that  they're  feeling  better  and  happier. 
It  is  wonderful  that  some  viewers  could 
weed  through  the  hype  and  all  of  the  nega- 
tive messages  and  find  some  reasonable 
lasting  philosophies. 

But  it  doesn't  take  a  genius  to  know 
that  putting  a  group  of  overweight  people 
in  a  room  full  of  food  and  goading  them 
into  overeating  is  humiliating.  I  do  under- 
stand the  need  for  drama.  If  it's  so  boring 
that  nobody's  going  to  watch  it,  they  won't 
reach  anybody.  But  they  just  went  so  far 
over  the  top.  One  person  that  responded 
to  my  op-ed  said  that  they  felt  The  Biggest 
Loser  was  very  tastefully  done  and  it  was 
in  no  way  comparable  to  the  other  reality 
shows.  And  I  thought,  just  because  they're 
not  making  people  eat  worms,  like  that 
other  reality  show,  that  doesn't  mean  that 
it's  tasteful. 

In  your  opinion  pieces,  you've  talked  about  parallels 
between  the  messages  in  these  television  series 
and  other  commercial  messages. 

The  public  is  bombarded  with  negative, 
unhealthy  weight-loss  messages.  If  you  look 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


at  the  budgets  that  are  available  to  unhealthy 
weight-loss  messages — either  through  over- 
the-counter  weight-loss  aids  that  have  no 
proven  efficacy  or  safety  testing,  or  the  fad 
diets  that  are  out  there — it's  practically  a 
billion-dollar  industry.  The  advertising  clout 
isn't  there  behind  healthier  approaches. 

So  how  do  you  get  out  a  positive  weight-loss  message? 

I  think  it's  up  to  people  in  the  field  to  put 
the  healthy  information  out  there  at  every 
opportunity.  One  way  we  do  so  is  in  the 
popular  media.  And  the  popular  media  has 
answered.  Many  television  news  outlets, 
newspapers,  and  magazines  regularly  ask  for 
input  from  various  medical  centers  around 
the  country  on  content,  which  is  a  more 
recent  evolution.  My  colleagues  and  I  also 
provide  public  educational  sessions  and 
train  community-based  medical  providers 
to  help  make  the  science-based  messages 
more  accessible  to  the  average  person. 


This  also  involves  overcoming  the  power  of  those 
advertising  dollars. 

In  terms  of  the  weight-loss  aids,  somebody 
has  to  step  up  and  start  saying,  you  can't 
make  these  false  claims.  I  know  that  tech- 
nically there  are  mechanisms  in  place  in 
the  consumer  reporting  realm,  but  in  the 
weight-loss  arena,  you  regularly  see  pills  for 
this  and  pills  for  that  that  have  no  medici- 
nal value  whatsoever.  You  don't  see  this 
with  other  medical  conditions.  Weight  loss 
seems  to  be  held  to  a  different  standard. 
I  think  that  speaks  to  the  issue  that  it 
seems  to  be  okay  in  our  society  to  exploit 
obesity  and  to  perpetuate  negative  stereo- 
types about  obese  people.  There  are  themes 
in  The  Biggest  Loser  programs  or  some  of  the 
others  that  subtly,  or  maybe  not  so  subtly, 
play  into  pervasive  stereotypes.  For  example, 
on  the  program  they  put  the  contestants  in 
front  of  a  bunch  of  food  to  tempt  them  to 
lose  control.  But  we  know  that  obesity  is  not 


about  gluttony.  Taking  in  100  calories  a  day 
more  than  you  burn  will  lead  to  a  ten-pound- 
a-year  weight  gain.  That's  not  gluttony, 
that's  just  life.  They  depict  the  contestants 
as  needing  to  be  yelled  at  and  ridiculed  to 
do  exercise  under  the  assumption  that  they 
are  just  "lazy" — another  common  stereo- 
type. There  is  an  underlying  subtext  that 
perpetuates  the  myth  that  people  who  strug- 
gle with  weight  are  weak-willed. 

I  know  that  people  say  they're  getting  in- 
spired by  this  show,  but  I  can't  help  but  be 
skeptical,  given  the  stereotypes  that  exist 
out  there  in  the  world  in  terms  of  discrimi- 
nation against  obese  people  in  school  set- 
tings, in  employment  settings,  in  public 
places.  Subtle  discrimination  like  chairs  that 
don't  fit,  with  arms  that  are  too  narrow  in 
doctors'  offices,  or  being  denied  insurance 
or  appropriate  medical  care  due  to  your 
weight — all  of  which  are  well-documented 
in  the  research  literature.  To  combat  that 
sort  of  pervasive  acceptance  of  weight  dis- 
crimination requires  an  equally  pervasive 
positive  weight  acceptance  message. 

But  to  some  extent,  don't  people  have  to  take 
responsibility  for  their  own  health  and  for  making 
the  decision  not  to  eat  those  100  calories?  How  do 
you  balance  maintaining  a  positive  message  with 
promoting  personal  responsibility? 

It's  a  delicate  balance  sometimes.  Too  often 
people  think  that  they  have  to  really  be 
hard  on  themselves  and  not  accept  them- 
selves in  order  to  change.  We  try  to  help 
people  to  balance  this,  to  understand  that, 
maybe  I'm  not  where  I  want  to  be  right 
now,  but  weight's  only  part  of  who  I  am. 
Too  often  people  judge  their  self-worth  by 
the  number  on  the  scale.  But  you're  more 
than  the  sum  of  your  pounds.  We  get  them 
to  say,  "I'm  a  good  father  or  mother,  a  won- 
derful daughter  or  son,  an  accomplished 
employee.  I  have  so  many  good  features." 
You  don't  have  to  hate  your  body  in  order 
to  improve  it. 

It's  okay  for  them  to  say,  "I'd  like  to  be  a 
healthier  weight,"  and  figure  out  the  steps 
to  getting  there.  We  help  them  to  celebrate 
the  steps  along  the  way. 

— Jacob  i 


January- February  2008         23 


RELIGIOUS  LIFE  AT  A  CROSSROADS    bv Bridget Booher 


On  an  overcast  Wednesday  morning,  a  half-dozen  people 
from  myriad  backgrounds  practice  Buddhist  meditation 
in  the  quiet  stillness  of  the  Duke  Chapel  crypt.  Upstairs 
in  the  Memorial  Chapel,  a  devout  Christian  prays  next 
to  an  occasional  churchgoer  during  a  nondenominational  worship 
service,  offered  every  weekday  morning  throughout  the  academic  year. 
Later  that  afternoon,  students  gather  at  the  Freeman  Center  for  Jewish 
Life  to  plan  Sukkoth  and  Simchat  Torah  activities,  while  Muslim 


students  meet  with  a  Durham  imam  to  plan 
a  campus-wide  celebration  and  meal  to  mark 
the  end  of  Ramadan. 

In  some  ways,  Duke  maintains  strong  ties 
to  its  origins  in  the  Methodist  church.  Two- 
thirds  of  the  thirty-six-member  board  of 
trustees  is  approved  by  the  United  Metho- 
dist Church,  twelve  each  from  the  North 
Carolina  Conference  and  the  Western  North 
Carolina  Conference.  Duke  Divinity  School, 
founded  in  1926  as  the  first  of  the  universi- 


services  and  social  activities.  Others  grow 
up  exposed  to  a  wide  range  of  cultural  and 
religious  expressions — or  none  at  all — and 
don't  align  themselves  with  any  one  set  of 
beliefs.  Still  others  belong  to  major  world 
religions  such  as  Hinduism  or  Islam  that 
have  historically  not  had  high  visibility  or 
presence  at  Duke.  Once  here,  the  increased 
exposure — from  peers  and  professors — to 
other  theological  beliefs  and  practices,  and 
a  concomitantly  sharpened  awareness  of 


ty's  graduate  professional  schools,  is  one  of     global  instability  fueled  by  religious  con- 


thirteen  seminaries  founded  and  supported 
by  the  Methodist  church.  And  Bibles  are 
still  offered  to  all  graduating  seniors  at  com- 
mencement. 

Yet  the  population  of  Duke  today  is  far 
more  ethnically  and  geographically  diverse 
than  ever  before.  Naturally,  many  students 
arrive  on  campus  with  strongly  held  reli- 
gious beliefs  not  unlike  those  of  Duke  stu- 
dents a  generation  ago  and  connect  with 


flict,  has  led  many  young  adults  to  consider 
the  significance  of  faith — in  their  own  lives 
and  in  the  lives  of  their  classmates. 

As  students  explore  questions  of  religious 
meaning  and  identity  through  informal  con- 
versations and  organized  gatherings,  uni- 
versity administrators  are  pondering  the  role 
of  religion  both  on  campus  and  in  an  in- 
creasingly interconnected  world.  How  do 
international  Arab-Israeli  tensions  play  out 


ike-minded  classmates  through  worship     at  Duke?  What  do  the  towering  spires  and 


Gothic  splendor  of  the  chapel  represent  to 
economically  disenfranchised  neighbor- 
hoods in  Durham?  Is  Duke  a  welcoming 
environment  for  those  who  worship  God, 
Allah,  Brahma — or  no  deity  at  all? 

"Duke  was  established  in  the  mainline 
liberal  Protestant  tradition,  in  an  era  when 
it  was  possible  to  imagine  that  that  tradition 
would  continue  to  be  the  dominant  one," 
says  the  Rev.  Samuel  Wells,  dean  of  the 
chapel  and  research  professor  of  Christian 
ethics.  "But  that  era  is  over." 

The  increasingly  heterogeneous  nature  of 
religion  on  college  campuses  nationwide  can 
cause  sharp  divides.  Baylor  University  con- 
tinues to  be  embroiled  in  disputes  over  the 
teaching  of  intelligent  design.  At  Dartmouth 
College,  a  Christian  student  speaking  at  the 
2005  convocation  sparked  outrage  when  he 
said  that  Jesus  "is  the  solution  to  flawed 
people  like  corrupt  Dartmouth  alums."  And 
at  the  College  of  William  and  Mary,  Presi- 
dent Gene  Nichcl  created  a  stir  when  he 
ordered  a  cross  that  had  been  on  the  altar  of 
the  college  chapel  since  1940  removed  be- 
cause it  "sends  an  unmistakable  message  that 
the  chapel  belongs  more  fully  to  some  of  us 
than  others." 

At  Duke,  there  have  been  relatively  few 
tensions  between  disparate  ethnic  and  reli- 
gious groups.  The  most  recent  exception  was 
in  2004,  when  the  Palestinian  Solidarity 
Movement  held  its  national  conference  on 
campus,  resulting  in  a  wide  range  of  protests  § 
and  passionate  discussions  about  the  Israeli-  J 
Palestinian  conflict,  academic  freedom,  and  £ 


As  students  explore  questions  of  religious  meaning  and  identity  through  informal 
conversations  and  organized  gatherings ,  university  administrators  are  pondering 
the  role  of  religion  both  on  campus  and  in  an  increasingly  interconnected  world. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


! 


V 


Tanbeena  Imam,  senior 
Trinity,  North  Carolina 
Religious  affiliation:  Islam 

Most  common  misperception  about  your  faith: 

"That  Islam  is  a  violent  religion.  One  day  last  year  I  opened  The  Chronicle  and  saw  a  full-page  ad 
that  showcased  quotes  from  the  Qur'an  taken  completely  out  of  context.  It  was  hard  for  me 
to  read  such  things  because  Islam  has  brought  me  so  much  peace  throughout  my  life.  After  that, 
the  Muslim  Students  Association  did  an  Islamic  Awareness  Week  with  the  intent  of  trying  to 
dissipate  certain  misconceptions  about  Islam  at  Duke." 


terrorism.  (Launched  in  2002,  the  PSM  is  a 
mostly  campus-based  network  of  groups  in 
North  America  that  endorses  divestment 
from  Israel  and  an  end  to  U.S.  aid  to  Israel, 
among  other  points.) 

Since  then,  the  campus  has  been  surpris- 
ingly free  of  religious  tensions.  That  could 
change  in  an  instant,  of  course — an  editori- 
al in  The  Chronicle  or  a  contentious  speaker 
could  set  off  heated  exchanges  over  reli- 
gious divides.  But  for  now,  the  climate  seems 
to  be  one  of  acceptance  of,  and  respect  for, 
the  variety  of  religious  beliefs  and  practices 
within  the  Duke  community. 

Before  coming  to  Duke,  sophomore  Chris- 
tina Booth  regularly  attended  Sunday  wor- 
ship services  with  her  family  at  Atlanta's 
First  Presbyterian  Church.  During  freshman 
orientation,  "I  met  a  much  more  diverse 
crowd  than  I  expected,"  Booth  says.  "For  ex- 
ample, I  never  knew  a  Muslim  in  high  school, 
so  I  hadn't  really  thought  about  Christian- 
Muslim  relations." 

Booth's  roommate,  Shyamlee  Patel,  was 
reared  by  Hindu  parents  in  New  York,  at- 
tended predominantly  Jewish  schools,  and 
celebrated  Shabbat  and  Hanukkah  more 
frequently  than  the  Hindu  festival  Diwali. 
In  elementary  school,  she  envisioned  that  a 
national  flag  representing  her  various  iden- 
tities would  be  a  combination  of  the  U.S., 
Indian,  and  Israeli  flags.  "I'm  much  more  of 
a  practicing  Jew  than  a  Hindu,  but  many  of 
my  concrete  beliefs  about  life  are  rooted  in 
Hinduism,"  says  Patel.  "My  mom  calls  me  a 
'Hinjew.' " 

Booth  and  Patel  both  became  involved  in 
the  Interfaith  Dialogue  Project  (IDP),  a 
nearly  decade-old  initiative  co-sponsored 
by  the  Kenan  Institute  for  Ethics  and  Duke 
Chapel  to  foster  awareness  of  religious  plu- 
ralism and  diversity.  Booth  was  the  instruc- 
tor this  past  fall  for  the  IDP  "Religious 
Traditions  and  Interfaith  Dialogue"  house 
course,  which  explores  such  topics  as  the 
concept  of  jihad  in  Islam,  Iranian  wedding 


ceremonies,  the  status  of  women  in  various 
world  religions,  violence  in  the  name  of  God, 
and  sexuality  and  spirituality.  (House  cours- 
es are  half-credit,  pass-fail  courses  that  serve 
as  a  bridge  between  students'  academic  and 
tesidential  lives.)  Booth  also  led  weekly 
Bible  study  groups  for  first-year  women 
through  her  membership  in  Campus  Cru- 
sade for  Christ. 

"IDP  and  Campus  Crusade  for  Christ  are 
two  groups  that  you  wouldn't  think  would 
be  allies,"  says  Booth,  who  is  considering 
becoming  a  physician  or  a  minister.  "I  be- 
came involved  in  IDP  because  I  was  curious 
about  Judaism,  since  it  has  the  same  roots  as 
Christianity,  but  also  about  Hinduism  and 
other  non- Western  religions,  because  I'd 
never  really  thought  about  them  before.  I 
studied  Latin  in  high  school,  and  it  helped 
me  in  a  number  of  other  areas  academically. 
That's  the  way  I  see  IDP:  The  more  I  learn 
about  other  religions,  the  more  I  under- 
stand and  appreciate  my  own  faith,  and  that 
makes  me  a  better  Christian." 

Gaining  a  deeper  appreciation  for  one's 
own  religion  can  also  happen  serendipitous- 
ly.  Elissa  Lerner  came  to  Duke  from  New 
York's  Forest  Hills  neighborhood,  a  commu- 
nity with  a  historically  large  Jewish  popula- 
tion. "Freshman  year  I  met  plenty  of  friends 
who  had  never  met  a  Jew  before  and  were 
totally  baffled  by  what  keeping  kosher 
entailed  or  how  Jewish  services  work,"  says 
Lerner.  She  recalls  her  roommate's  reaction 
when  she  started  working  on  a  Torah  read- 
ing for  Rosh  Hashanah.  "She  was  amazed 
when  I  showed  her  what  a  Torah  looks  like 
and  how  to  chant  the  words. 

"She  told  me  that,  until  she  met  me,  her 
knowledge  of  Judaism  extended  to  some 
vague  ideas  about  the  High  Holidays,  the 
Holocaust,  and  a  general  connection  of  Is- 
rael to  Judaism."  With  Jews  making  up  10 
percent  of  the  undergraduate  student  popu- 
lation, Lerner,  a  senior  majoring  in  religion 
and  theater  studies,  says  that  coming  to  Duke 


"Duke  was  established  in 
the  mainline  liberal  Protestant 
tradition ,  in  an  era  when  it 
was  possible  to  imagine  that 
that  tradition  would  continue  to 
be  the  dominant  one,"  says  Sam 
Wells.  "But  that  era  is  over. " 


Festival  of  lights:  Junior  Melissa  Oyer  holds  a 
menorah  while  freshman  Mark  Elstein  lights  a  candle 
to  mark  the  first  night  of  Hanukkah 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


David  Walker,  senior 

Franklin,  Tennessee 

Religious  affiliation:  Roman  Catholic 

Most  common  misperception  about  your  faith: 

"My  personal  favorite  is  also  one  of  the  most  amusing.  When  I  find  myself  at  a  party,  I'll  sometimes 
run  into  someone  who  is  pleasantly  surprised  to  find  that,  just  like  the  majority  of  students,  I  also 
enjoy  the  social  scene,  parties,  and  of  course,  basketball.  I'm  not  sure  if  it  doesn't  occur  to  them 
that  we're  all  college  students,  too,  but  it's  not  offensive  at  all.  People  just  categorize  members  of 
a  religious  organization  as  a  little  more  withdrawn,  in  the  same  way  that  some  fraternities  are 
categorized  as  wild  partiers,  even  if  that  description  is  without  merit." 


"helped  contextualize  the  fact  of  a  Jewish 
minority,  a  fact  easily  lost  along  the  high- 
ways of  Westchester  and  Long  Island." 

Duke's  undergraduate  Jewish  population 
is  similar  to  that  of  Vanderbilt  University, 
but  is  not  as  robust  as  institutions  of  similar 
size  such  as  Tulane  and  Emory  universities, 
where  nearly  a  third  of  the  student  popula- 
tions is  Jewish.  The  private  universities  with 
the  highest  percentage  of  Jewish  students — 
New  York,  Boston,  and  Cornell — are  all  in 
the  Northeast. 

Michael  Goldman,  rabbi  for  Jewish  life  at 
Duke  and  the  university's  Jewish  chaplain, 
says  that  Lerner's  experience  is  not  unusual. 


"Jewish  students  at  Duke  are  usually  from 
one  of  two  backgrounds.  They  are  here  from 
urban  and  suburban  communities  with  a 
high  Jewish  population,  and  they  didn't  have 
to  think  very  hard  about  what  it  means 
to  be  Jewish.  Or  they  are  from  small  towns 
in  the  South  where  they  might  have  been 
one  of  the  only  Jewish  students,  and  they 
see  Duke  as  more  of  a  cosmopolitan  setting 
where  they  can  make  their  mark  at  a  place 
with  a  substantial  Jewish  presence." 

Goldman  says  that  the  Duke  community 
has  made  great  strides  toward  healing  the 
religious  and  political  divides  that  resulted 
from  the  Palestinian  Solidarity  Movement 


conference.  (See  news.duke.edu/mmedia/fea' 
tures/psm/  for  additional  background.)  "That 
was  a  very  difficult  time,"  he  says.  "Muslims 
and  Jews  and  Arabs  and  Jews  were  breaking 
off  friendships  over  it.  But  quietly,  over  the 
past  three  years,  I  have  seen  those  divisions 
mend."  In  February  of  last  year,  for  example, 
the  Freeman  Center,  the  chapel,  and  the  di- 
vinity school  co-sponsored  "The  Paths  that 
Lead  to  Peace,"  an  interfaith  dialogue  with 
Archbishop  Elias  Chacour,  a  three-time 
Nobel  Peace  Prize  nominee  known  for  his 
work  promoting  peace  between  Palestinians 
and  Israelis;  Rabbi  Jeremy  Milgrom,  co- 
founder  and  co-director  of  Clergy  for  Peace; 
and  Mohamad  Bashar  Arafat,  founder  and 
president  of  Civilizations  Exchange  and  Co- 
operation Foundation. 

"Duke  is  going  through  a  collective  faith 
journey,"  says  Goldman.  "We  are  all  learn- 
ing how  to  explore  and  be  at  home  in  our 
faith  while  learning  about  our  neighbors. 
And  when  I  say  faith,  I  mean  faith  as  it  is 
tied  up  in  politics,  religion,  and  culture." 

After  spending  most  of  his  life  in  New 
York — he  received  his  rabbinical  ordina- 
tion and  his  master's  in  Jewish  philosophy 
from  the  Jewish  Theological  Seminary — 
Goldman  admits  he  had  his  own  mispercep- 
tions  about  other  faiths  before  moving  to 
the  South.  "I  didn't  understand  anything 
about  Evangelical  Christianity.  I  didn't  know 
how  much  diversity  there  was  among  Prot- 
estants. And  I  didn't  know  there  was  such  a 
thing  as  a  liberal  Southern  Baptist." 

ighty  percent  of  all  college  freshmen 

say  they  attended  religious  services 

during  the  previous  year,  according 

ft    .•'  to  a  study  of  the  spiritual  lives  of 

college  students,  conducted  from  2003  to 

2007  by  the  Higher  Education  Research 

Institute  at  the  University  of  California  at 

g  Los  Angeles.  Roughly  the  same  number  also 

|  said  they  discussed  religion  with  friends  and 

I  family.  More  than  two-thirds  pray,  and  four 


January- February  2008         27 


Kay  we  Mentore,  senior 
Charlottesville,  Virginia 
Religious  affiliation:  Presbyterian 

Most  common  misperception  about  your  faith: 

"All  Christians  are  fanatical  and  judgmental,  condemning  everyone  who  is  not  a  Christian  for 
sinful  behavior.  We  do  not  claim  to  have  all  the  answers.  We  all  fall  short  of  what  God  intended 
us  to  be  like.  We  are  actually  a  group  of  people  who,  out  of  gratitude  for  what  God  has  done 
for  us,  want  to  share  God's  love  with  the  campus." 


in  ten  consider  it  "very  important"  to  follow 
religious  practices.  Statistics  for  Duke  fresh- 
men essentially  mirror  these  figures. 

Still,  in  the  competitive  environment  of 
Duke,  where  academic  achievement  and 
personal  accomplishment  are  hallmarks  of 
success,  some  students  say  that  they  tend  to 
compartmentalize  or  downplay  the  religious 
aspect  of  their  identity. 

Before  she  matriculated,  Amanda  Earp  '05, 
a  native  of  Greensboro,  helped  build  houses 
for  the  poor  during  church  mission  trips  to 
Mexico.  As  an  undergraduate  she  launched 
a  Bible  study  group  in  her  Kappa  Alpha 
Theta  sorority,  attended  Durham's  Black- 
nail  Presbyterian  Church  with  her  boyfriend 
(now  fiance)  Brian  Diekman  B.S.E.  '05,  and 
helped  launch  Common  Ground,  a  student- 
run  program  that  explores  the  intersections 
of  race,  gender,  class,  sexuality,  faith,  cul- 
ture, and  ethnicity. 

"Sometimes  it  feels  like  you  are  in  the  mi- 
nority if  you  are  a  person  of  strong  faith  at 
Duke,"  says  Earp,  now  in  her  first  year  at 
Duke  Divinity  School.  "Things  like  getting 
good  grades  or  being  involved  with  your 
sorority  are  activities  that  are  encouraged. 
With  religion,  there  seemed  to  be  an  under- 
lying fear  [among  my  peers]  that  I  was  going 
to  oppose  or  judge  someone  negatively  be- 
cause of  my  religion." 

Sophomore  Jessie  O'Connor  was  baptized 
in  the  Church  of  Jesus  Christ  of  Latter  Day 
Saints  when  she  was  eight  years  old.  Like 
Earp,  she  says  that  her  religious  affiliation 
elicits  curiosity  from  her  friends  and  class- 
mates. She's  become  adept,  she  says,  at  coun- 
tering people's  misperceptions  about  the 
Mormon  faith.  O'Connor,  a  Latina  from 
Miami  who  aspires  to  be  a  clinical  psychol- 
ogist, says  that  high-school  acquaintances 
asked  her  why  she  would  pursue  a  Duke  ed- 
ucation since  "Mormon  women  are  expect- 
ed to  have  a  lot  of  children." 

Even  so,  sometimes  her  conservative  moral 
convictions  have  put  her  at  odds  with  her 


peers.  "Once  in  a  Spanish  class  we  watched 
a  film  that  was  rated  R,"  she  explains,  "and  I 
was  uncomfortable  watching  the  sex  scenes." 

Craig  Kocher  M.Div.  '01,  associate  dean 
of  the  chapel  and  director  of  religious  life, 
says  he  often  hears  similar  comments  from 
students  trying  to  figure  out  how  to  live  a 
purposeful  life  in  the  midst  of  a  culture  that 
sends  conflicting  messages  about  what  it 
means  to  be  an  adult.  "This  generation  longs 
for  deep  and  meaningful  connections,"  he 
says.  "But  being  intentional  about  practicing 
one's  faith  is  often  at  odds  with  the  domi- 
nant narrative  of  what  it  means  to  be  a  Duke 
student,  and  that  can  create  tensions." 

Even  when  part  of  a  vibrant,  supportive 
religious  community,  students  still  struggle 
to  reconcile  their  faith  with  competing  cul- 
tural forces.  Approximately  20  percent  of 
students  identify  themselves  as  Catholic, 
making  it  the  second-largest  religious  com- 
munity at  Duke,  after  the  various  Protestant 
denominations.  Roman  Catholic  priest  Jo- 
seph Vetter — known  to  students  as  Father 
Joe — says  that  new  students  encounter  a 
social  environment  that  tests  even  the  most 
devout. 

"The  students  who  come  to  Duke  usually 
were  smarter  than  everyone  else  at  their 
high  school,  and  then  they  come  here  and 


"Students  become  part  of  a 
herd  of  people  where  everyone 
is  trying  to  fit  in  and  be  cool. 
And  part  of  that  [social]  message 
is  that  you  have  to  drink  and  have 
sex  to  be  accepted.  This  can 
become  a  spiritual  challenge. 
Am  I  spiritual  or  sexual?  Do  I 
drink  or  do  I  pray?" 


everyone  is  just  as  smart  as  they  are,  or  may- 
be more  so,"  he  says.  "They  become  part  of  a 
herd  of  people  where  everyone  is  trying  to 
fit  in  and  be  cool.  And  part  of  that  [social] 
message  is  that  you  have  to  drink  and  have 
sex  to  be  accepted. 

"This  can  become  a  spiritual  challenge," 
he  continues.  "Am  I  spiritual  or  sexual?  Do 
I  drink  or  do  I  pray?  And  their  lives  are 
moving  so  fast  that  they  don't  have  time  to 
process  what  they  are  experiencing." 

or  students  who  want  that  time  to 
process  and  to  determine  where  their 
religious  commitment  might  take 
JL.  them,  a  program  called  PathWays 
creates  an  environment  in  which  they  can 
grapple  with  questions  of  meaning  and  pur- 
pose in  the  context  of  their  Christian  faith, 
while  also  putting  that  faith  to  work. 

Heading  toward  downtown  Durham  from 
West  Campus,  Duke  University  Road  turns 
into  West  Chapel  Hill  Street,  and  you  enter 
the  West  End  neighborhood,  which  includes 
a  Catholic  church  and  an  Islamic  mosque. 
Across  the  street  from  a  car-detailing  busi- 
ness, a  bright,  renovated  house  with  com- 
fortable chairs  on  its  large  front  porch  shows 
no  remaining  vestiges  of  its  previous  life  as  a 
boarding  house  frequented  by  drug  users 
and  dealers. 

This  is  the  PathWays  house,  home  to 
Lilly  Fellows,  recent  Duke  graduates  who 
are  committed  to  living  and  working  for  a 
year  in  a  poor  Durham  community.  With 
funding  from  the  Lilly  Foundation  and  sup- 
port from  Duke  Chapel,  the  PathWays  pro- 
gram includes  courses,  summer  internships, 
postgraduate  fellowships,  and  a  "vocational 
discernment"  component  that  combines  men- 
toring and  reflection. 

Amanda  Earp  was  a  Lilly  Fellow  the  year 
between  earning  her  bachelor's  and  enter- 
ing divinity  school.  As  a  person  of  strong  re-  I 
ligious  faith,  she  says  she  had  high  expecta-  J 
tions  going  into  the  experience.  "I  liked  the  i 


28 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


*r* 


^JR->'" 


idea  of  living  intentionally  in  a  community 
where  I  was  able  to  live  as  a  Christian  on  the 
outside,  not  just  on  the  inside,"  she  says. 

PathWays  is  one  of  the  most  visible  re- 
cent initiatives  designed  to  enable  a  student 
with  religious  convictions  to  contemplate 
a  life  of  service.  This  outreach  effort  dove- 
tails with  Duke's  evolving  perspective  on 
the  role  of  religion  in  its  relationship  with 
Durham  and  other  communities  beyond  its 
walls.  The  PathWays  house  includes  office 
space  for  a  community  minister,  a  Duke 
Chapel  staff  position  created  in  2006.  Plac- 
ing a  community  minister  and  the  Path- 
Ways  house  in  a  neighborhood  with  both  a 
rich  historical  heritage  and  the  social  blights 
of  crime  and  drugs  was  intentional.  The 
idea,  says  Wells,  the  dean  of  the  chapel,  is 
to  make  a  socially  disadvantaged  neighbor- 
hood and  the  chapel  more  visible  to  one 
another,  "to  build  trust  and  understanding 
through  friendship,  rather  than  seeing  poor 
neighborhoods  [solely]  as  a  problem  that 
needs  to  be  solved." 

PathWays  has  also  become  one  of  the 
models  for  the  kind  of  decentralization  of 
religion  that  the  university  is  looking  to  cre- 
ate. The  notion  of  moving  Duke's  religious 
center  away  from  the  physical  structure  of 


the  chapel  is  one  of  many  recommenda- 
tions that  Wells  and  Kocher  included  in  a 
report  to  President  Richard  H.  Brodhead 
last  spring,  "The  Chapel  and  Religious'  Life 
at  Duke:  Some  Issues  and  Proposals."  Echo- 
ing the  trend  unfolding  organically  among 
students,  Wells  and  Kocher  noted  the  im- 
portance and  imperative  of  engaging  with 
other  religions. 

"Twenty  years  ago,  'religion'  at  Duke  (in 
relation  to  Religious  Life)  essentially  meant 
mainline  Protestantism,  Roman  Cathol 
cism,  and  Judaism.  Thus  the  mode  of  inter- 
action was  ecumenical,"  the  report  notes 
"Today  'religion'  includes  all  of  the  above 
plus  Eastern  Orthodoxy,  Islam,  Hinduism 
Buddhism,  the  plethora  of  Protestant  para 
church  groups  and  the  non-Trinitarian 
groups  (Unitarians  and  Mormons).  Thus 
the  mode  of  interaction  must  be  interfaith. 
In  twenty  years'  time,  one  must  assume  the 
scene  will  be  even  more  diverse." 

Recommendations  to  help  the  university 
make  the  transition  from  ecumenical  to 
interfaith  include  the  creation  of  a  Faith 
Council  comprising  representatives  from 
major  world  religions.  In  addition  to  Wells 
and  Kocher,  the  other  participants  represent 
Judaism,  Roman  Catholicism,  mainline  Prot- 


estantism, evangelical  Protestantism,  Islam, 
and  the  Interfaith  Dialogue  Project.  The 
group  is  seeking  a  Hindu  representative. 

The  council  meets  monthly  during  the 
academic  year  to  study  sacred  and  other  sig- 
nificant texts  from  the  major  world  reli- 
gions and  to  discuss  such  pressing  global 
and  campus  issues  as  human  rights,  immi- 
gration, poverty,  alcohol  use,  sexuality,  and 
ethics  and  the  environment. 

In  a  university  setting  such  as  Duke,  there 
are  conflicting  and  often  incorrect  assump- 
tions about  the  role  that  religion  plays  in 
the  life  of  the  community,  says  Wells.  "One 
misperception  is  that  religion  is  irrelevant," 
he  wrote  in  a  newsletter  to  the  Friends  of 
Duke  Chapel.  "In  a  secular  world,  the  only 
valid  role  for  religion  seems  to  be  as  a  form 
of  therapy,  as  a  motivational  force  for  per- 
sonal restraint  or  social  improvement,  or  as 
a  guarantee  of  quasi-ethnic  loyalty.  It  is  thus 
hard  to  imagine  criteria  by  which  any  one 
religion  might  be  more  worthy  of  endorse- 
ment than  any  other." 

A  second  misperception,  he  observed,  is 
that  religion  is  inherently  dangerous.  "Since 
the  European  wars  of  religion  400  years  ago, 
the  opinion  has  become  widespread  that  if 
you  leave  people  of  faith  alone  together  for 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Roshen  Sethna, junior 

Durham 

Religious  affiliation:  Hindu  and  Zoroastrianism 

Most  common  misperception  about  your  faith: 

"Hinduism  is  commonly  viewed  as  a  polytheistic  religion.  My  view  of  Hinduism  is  that  there 

is  one  God  (Bhagwan)  but  several  personal  ways  of  believing  in  and  practicing  the  faith 

for  that  God ....  A  common  'misconception'of  Zoroastrianism  is,  'What  is  it?'  lama  part  of  a  group 

of  Zoroastrians  called  Parsis  that  fled  their  lands  (ancient  Persia)  and  settled  in  India." 


any  length  of  time,  they'll  kill  each  other. 
Contemporary  religious  practice  gives  a  dis- 
turbing degree  of  validity  to  such  misper- 
ceptions.  In  such  a  context,  religious  leaders 
must  take  active  steps  to  show  that  they  are 
pursuing  truth  and  meaning  in  such  a  way 
that  may  often  be  unsettling  but  will  never 
be  violent." 

Just  as  the  student-driven  Interfaith  Dia- 
logue Project  helps  participants  better  un- 
derstand and  appreciate  their  religious 
upbringing,  the  Faith  Council  provides  a 
welcoming  environment  for  people  of  di- 
verse backgrounds  to  explore  the  tenets  of 
familiar  and  unfamiliar  religions.  All  Faith 
Council  representatives  serve  in  advisory 
roles  to  student  religious  organizations,  so 
the  group  serves  as  a  conduit  of  sorts  for 
intellectual  and  personal  conversations  about 
religion  and  spirituality. 

The  Faith  Council  fills  a  critical  void, 
according  to  Ted  Purcell,  one  of  two  advisers 
to  the  Interfaith  Dialogue  Project.  "When  I 
was  growing  up,  I  heard  Southern  Baptists 
say  that  God  doesn't  hear  the  prayers  of 
Jews,"  he  says.  "A  lot  of  us  got  into  interfaith 
conversations  on  our  own  to  get  past  that 
kind  of  religious  dogmatism.  The  Faith 
Council  deepens  participants  in  their  own 
tradition;  it's  about  mutual  enrichment,  not 
proselytizing." 

Abdul-hafeez  Waheed  has  been  the  ad- 
viser to  the  Muslim  Students  Association 
since  1998,  and  represents  Islam  on  the  Faith 
Council.  He  says  that  in  the  past  decade, 
and  particularly  in  the  wake  of  the  2001  ter- 
rorist attacks,  Muslims  have  had  both  an 
opportunity  and  an  obligation  to  educate 
others  about  Islam,  the  second-largest  reli- 
gion in  the  world  after  Christianity. 

"Even  before  9/1 1  we  had  built  relation- 
ships in  Durham,"  says  Waheed.  He  meets 
regularly  with  local  leaders  in  the  Christian 
and  Jewish  congregations  "to  help  Durham 
residents  build  what  Martin  Luther  King  Jr. 
called  'the  beloved  community,'  a  society 


where  discrimination,  hunger,  poverty,  and 
homelessness  do  not  exist."  In  2000,  he  notes, 
a  campus  visit  by  Nation  of  Islam  leader 
Wallace  Deen  Mohammed  was  co-sponsored 
by  fifteen  different  campus  and  community 
groups,  from  the  Freeman  Center  for  Jewish 
Life  and  the  Black  Campus  Ministry  to  Dur- 
ham's Immaculate  Conception  Catholic 
Church  and  the  Ar-razzaq  Islamic  Center. 

"Islam  is  a  beautiful  religion  that  has  been 
misunderstood,"  says  Waheed,  who  con- 
verted from  the  Episcopal  faith  thirty  years 
ago.  "God  wants  us  to  be  a  model  for  our 
religion  and  live  and  perform  in  that  faith 
every  day.  A  good  Muslim  is  like  a  good 
Christian  is  like  a  good  Jew — they  are  all 
focused  on  the  good  of  their  religion." 

Despite  the  diversity  of  religious  experi- 
ences available  at  Duke,  many  religious 
groups  on  campus  operate  out  of  shoeboxes 
and  lack  full-time  staff  members.  Like  many 
campus  ministers  and  chaplains  who  pro- 
vide leadership  to  student  groups,  Waheed 
is  not  a  Duke  employee.  He  is  paid  a  small 
stipend  for  his  work,  but  makes  a  living  sell- 
ing cars.  His  schedule,  and  the  lack  of  office 
space,  means  that  his  availability  to  students 
is  necessarily  restricted.  Some  religious-life 
group  leaders  are  appointed  and  funded  by 
external  entities  such  as  the  national  Inter- 
varsity  Christian  Fellowship/USA  or  the  Ro- 
man Catholic  Diocese  of  Raleigh,  while 
others  serve  in  a  strictly  volunteer  capacity. 


"When  I  was  growing  up,  I 
heard  Southern  Baptists  say 
that  God  doesn't  hear  the  prayers 
of  Jews.  A  lot  of  us  got  into 
interfaith  conversations  on 
our  own  to  get  past  that  kind 
of  religious  dogmatism." 


As  interfaith  conversations  flourish  and 
new  religious  configurations  take  hold,  find- 
ing space  for  worship,  social  and  cultural 
gatherings,  and  administrative  and  storage 
needs  is  increasingly  problematic. 

In  its  search  for  quiet  places  on  campus  to 
meditate,  for  example,  the  Buddhist  Students 
Association  has  augmented  its  weekly  half- 
hour  in  the  chapel  crypt  by  borrowing  the 
small  prayer  space  of  the  Muslim  students 
on  Sunday  evenings.  Hindu  and  Baha'i  stu- 
dents travel  off  campus  to  worship  at  local 
temples. 

With  the  exception  of  the  Freeman  Cen- 
ter, near  East  Campus,  and  the  Episcopal  min- 
istry, which  has  space  on  Central  Campus, 
religious-life  groups  are  housed  in  the  base- 
ment of  the  chapel.  Cobbled  together  out  of 
former  storage  and  heating  equipment  areas, 
the  space  features  low  ceilings,  windowless 
offices,  exposed  pipes,  and  files  stacked  wher- 
ever there's  an  available  spot. 

Not  surprisingly,  many  religious  groups 
have  sought  other  locations  to  accommo- 
date their  needs  and  their  numbers.  Several 
have  purchased  and  refurbished  houses  near 
East  Campus.  Wells  says  that  addressing 
space  needs  presents  a  particular  challenge. 
Rather  than  building  alliances  and  promot- 
ing cross-fertilization,  having  religious 
groups  dispersed  across  Duke  and  Durham 
could  lead  to  a  silo  effect,  where  conversa- 
tions and  collaboration  become  more  diffi- 
cult, he  adds.  Yet  economic  factors  all  but 
preclude  having  one  central  location  for  all 
religious-life  activity. 

"It's  very  difficult  to  think  about  building 
one  religious-lite  building  because  the  needs 
of  groups  are  so  different,"  says  Wells.  "For 
some  groups,  worship  space  is  sacred  and 
nontransferable,  while  others  see  a  virtue  in 
being  able  to  worship  anywhere.  And  no 
one  really  knows  what  religious  life  will 
look  like  in  twenty  years.  We  could  spend 
the  next  ten  years  raising  money  for  a  build- 
ing that  might  easily  become  obsolete."     ■ 


January- February  2008  31 


Put  your  right  hand  on  your 
right  temple,  and  your  left  on  your 
left  temple.  Now  gently  squeeze; 
don't  let  up. 

Okay.  Now  you  are  ready  for  a  conver- 
sation with  Arlie  Petters,  the  energetic, 
broadly  smiling  man  in  the  striped  short- 
sleeve  shirt  and  comfortable  brown  slacks 
who  has  come  to  meet  you  at  a  Barnes  & 
Noble  cafe.  Many  topics  will  come  up.  He 
will  wonder  whether  amoebas  could  join 
the  conversation.  He  will  suggest  search- 
ing the  solar  system  for  tiny  black  holes  as 
a  practical  business  enterprise.  And  he 
will  say  things  like,  "I  don't  see  why  reali- 


A  mathematician's  search  for 
evidence  of  tiny  black  holes  could 
disprove  Einstein's  general  theory 
of  relativity— and  open  up  a  whole 
new  dimension.  ByscottHuier 


But  maybe  Petters  is  so  cheerful  be- 
cause, if  everything  goes  just  right  with  a 
NASA  satellite  scheduled  to  launch  any 
day  now,  it's  possible  that  his  name  will  be 
forever  linked  to  the  physical  evidence 
that  disproves  Einstein's  general  theory  of 
relativity.  Or  not  exactly  disproves  Ein- 
stein's brilliant  conflating  of  space,  time, 
energy,  and  matter.  "I  would  say  that  he 


ty  should  contain  only  three  spatial  di- 
mensions." Again  with  the  beaming,  cheer- 
ful smile.  "Do  you?" 

Now  that  he  mentions  it,  maybe  there 
are  no  good  reasons  for  limiting  reality  to 
three  spatial  dimensions,  but  you  are  rather 
used  to  it  that  way,  and  . . .  it's  a  good  thing 
you  didn't  order  coffee,  because  you  could 
not  pick  up  the  cup:  You  need  both  hands 
to  hold  your  skull  together. 

Perhaps  Petters,  a  Duke  professor  of 
mathematics  and  physics,  smiles  so  much 
because  once  he  decided  that  he  may  have 
an  entire  extra  physical  dimension  to  work 
with,  the  usual  limitations  that  make  the 
rest  of  us  so  grumpy  stopped  pinching 
quite  so  tight.  An  additional  dimension 
might  enable  him  to  be  two  places  at  once 
— saving  money  on  daycare,  perhaps,  or 
at  least  making  it  easier  to  pick  a  child  up 
there;  or  it  might  offer  limitless  extra 
time,  or  . . .  space,  or  . . .  something. 


missed  something,"  Petters  says.  Some- 
thing that,  if  it  turns  out  to  be  true,  "would 
give  us  a  complete  philosophical  shift  in 
our  understanding  of  the  physical  world," 
by  proving  that  the  physical  universe  has 
four,  not  three,  spatial  dimensions,  mak- 
ing ours,  when  you  include  time,  a  five-di- 
mensional universe.  "It's  a  very  exciting 
idea,"  Petters  says. 

He  opens  a  clasp  envelope  and  pro- 
duces a  sheaf  of  scrawled  notes  on  lined 
paper,  including  a  simple  graph:  an  X-  and 
a  Y-axis,  on  which  a  straight  dashed  line 
angles  down  from  left  to  right,  with  a  sine 
wave  superimposed.  "The  telltale  wiggle," 
he  calls  it. 


Here's  the  idea.  The  Gamma- 
ray  Large  Area  Space  Tele- 
scope (GLAST),  scheduled  to  be 
launched  into  Earth  orbit  by  NASA  in 
February,  will  spend  its  time  looking  at 
gamma  rays,  the  most  energetic  form  of 
light  there  is — billions  of  times  more 
energetic  than  the  waves  our  eyes  can  per- 
ceive; millions  of  times  stronger  than 
even  X-rays.  The  result  should  be  new 
information  about  things  like  pulsars  and 
supemovae,  the  kind  of  unimaginably 
massive  energy  sources  that  emit  gamma 
rays  and  exist  at  the  very  edge  of  our  cur- 
rent understanding  of  physics. 

But  with  the  new  telescope,  Petters  and 
his  colleague  in  this  project,  Charles  Kee- 
ton,  a  Rutgers  University  astronomer,  saw 
an  opportunity  to  go  even  further.  That 
graph  that  Petters  produced,  which  he 
calls  a  "back  of  the  envelope  calculation," 
resulted  from  a  flurry  of  e-mail  messages 
between  the  two  a  couple  of  years  ago 
when  they  heard  about  the  telescope.  The 
graph  represents  how  gamma  rays  would 
bend — the  "wiggle"  in  the  graph — if  they 
happened  to  pass  a  tiny  but  massive  object 
called  a  braneworld  black  hole. 

A  black  hole — not  the  braneworld  kind, 
but  the  kind  that  most  of  us  have  heard 
of,  even  if  we  still  don't  quite  comprehend 
what  it  is — is  a  massive  object  like  a  star 
or  many  stars  that  has  collapsed  into  an 
unimaginably  small  and  dense  space  with 
a  gravitational  pull  so  strong  that  even 
light  cannot  escape  it.  Einstein's  theories 
predicted  the  existence  of  black  holes, 


since  verified  by  scientists.  A  braneworld 
black  hole  is  a  special  kind  of  black  hole. 
It's  tiny,  the  size  of  an  atomic  nucleus  or 
smaller,  but  has  the  mass  of  an  asteroid.  For 
now,  its  existence  is  theoretical.  Proof  will 
come  only  if  a  specific  variant  of  the  string 
theory  of  gravitation,  which  disagrees  with 
Einstein's  theory,  turns  out  to  be  true. 

But  ignore  that  for  a  moment.  For  now, 
just  keep  in  mind  that  Petters  and  Keeton 
want  to  look  for  the  wiggle  they  predict 
they  will  find  in  the  gamma-ray  graph  if 
the  gamma  rays  happen  to  pass  by  one  of 
those  braneworld  black  holes.  These  wig- 
gles are  the  subject  of  Petters'  research. 

They're  caused  by  gravitational  lensing, 
a  process  by  which  light  (of  any  electro- 
magnetic wavelength)  is  bent  in  the  warped 
conditions  of  space  and  time  that  occur 
near  massive  objects  like  planets,  stars,  or 
black  holes.  Einstein  predicted  this  phe- 
nomenon, and  it  was  first  observed  during  a 
1919  total  eclipse  of  the  sun,  when  back- 
ground stars  viewed  directly  past  the  dark- 
ened sun  appeared  slightly  out  of  position. 
The  sun's  mass  had  actually  bent  the  rays 
of  light  from  those  distant  stars.  The  phe 


Petters  loves  the  pragmatic  elegance 
of  braneworlds,  a  variant  of  string  theory. 


2  2.5 

Energy  of  light  log  e  [MeV] 


Telltale  wiggle:  X-Y  graph 

predicting  how  gamma  rays 

would  be  affected  when  close 

enough  to  be  bent  by  a  braneworld 

black  hole.  Dashed  line  shows 

gamma  rays  unaffected  by  the 

black  holes.  Diagram  courtesy  of 

Arlie  Petters  and  Charles  Keeton 


nomenon  was  regarded  as  a  brilliant  proof  of 
the  warping  of  space  and  time  described  in 
Einstein's  general  theory  of  relativity.  Such 
lensing,  now  better  understood,  thanks  in 
part  to  Petters,  can  produce  not  only  bent  but 
also  multiple  images  of  distant  objects. 
What's  more,  objects  with  certain  masses 
affect  light  of  specific  wavelengths  accord- 
ing to  specific  signatures.  Subjected  to  math- 
ematical analysis,  these  signature  bends  yield 
secrets  about  the  objects  that  cause  them. 

"Imagine  dropping  a  pebble  into  a  pond," 
Petters  says.  The  pebble  generates  waves, 
with  peaks  and  valleys:  Big  rock,  big  waves; 
tiny  pebble,  smaller  waves.  That  is,  an  object 
massive  enough  to  be  a  gravitational  lens 
leaves  a  signature  pattern  affecting  a  specif- 
ic wavelength  of  light.  And  those  tiny  black 
holes  predicted  by  the  braneworld  theory 
would  produce  a  wiggle  in  the  specific  elec- 
tromagnetic range  that  the  GLAST  will  be 
measuring,  once  it's  in  orbit. 

Okay,  braneworld  black  holes.  These  cur- 
rently exist  only  on  the  blackboards  of  sci- 
entists who  believe  in  a  certain  variation  of 
string  theory.  String  theory  is  a  cosmologi- 
cal  theory  that  considers  the  tiniest  build- 
ing blocks  of  matter  to  be  something  like 
vibrating  strings  rather  than  particles.  The 
mathematics  of  this  complex  model  end  up 
requiring  additional  dimensions  for  every- 
thing to  work  out,  though  in  most  versions, 
extra  dimensions  are  treated  as  little  more 
than  convenient  theoretical  constructs. 

But  a  variant  of  string  theory  developed 
by  Lisa  Randall  of  Harvard  University  and 


Raman  Sundrum  of  the  Johns  Hopkins  Uni- 
versity posits  the  universe  we  perceive  as  a 
sort  of  three-dimensional  membrane  (hence 
"braneworld")  floating  in  a  multidimensional 
universe.  Petters  loves  the  pragmatic  ele- 
gance: "In  braneworld,  what  I  like  is  that  this 
fourth  dimension  extends  to  infinity.  In  other 
string-theory  models,  it's  this  tiny,  curled-up 
dimension,"  kind  of  stuffed  into  an  inex- 
pressibly small  space  like  the  end  of  a  fiddle- 
head  fern.  In  those  models,  the  fourth  dimen- 
sion doesn't  affect  anything  except  strings. 
"They're  not  letting  it  loose,"  he  says. 

As  he  tries  to  explain  the  added  spatial  di- 
mension, he  runs  his  fingers  along  the  cafe 
tabletop.  "Imagine  we  are  beings  that  live 
only  on  this  desk,"  he  says.  That  is,  we're 
two-dimensional  beings,  inhabiting  this  flat, 
two-dimensional  space.  "That's  not  a  limit 
of  our  eyes  or  ears,  that's  a  limit  of  our  phys- 
ical existence."  His  eyes  grow  large:  "You  can't 
get  off  this  table."  He  cites  the  famous  Vic- 
torian satire  Flatland,  a  book  about  two-di- 
mensional creatures  who  receive  a  visit  from 
a  sphere  and  are  simply  unable  to  compre- 
hend its  three-dimensionality.  He  thinks  a 
minute,  then  takes  an  intellectual  step  back- 
ward, to  first  principles. 

"There  are  two  acts  of  faith  that  go  into 
science,"  he  says.  The  first  is  that  "the  phys- 
ical world  is  understandable  to  the  human 
mind."  The  second,  that  "you  can  model  it 
mathematically — quantitatively." 

Then  we're  back  to  life  on  the  tabletop. 
"That  first  postulate,  that  physical  reality  is 
accessible,  is  not  quite  right — not  all  of  it. 
Think  of  an  amoeba,"  he  says.  "It's  a  tiny 
entity  that's  wiggling  around  on  this  desk," 
in  this  essentially  two-dimensional  space. 
"Now  think  of  our  conversation.  It  com- 
pletely transcends  that  amoeba,  because  of 
its  wiring."  That  is,  it  completely  lacks  the 
capacity  to  perceive  us:  Living  on  its  table- 
top,  it's  going  to  think  the  universe  has  the 
limits  of  its  perceptions. 

"Who  are  we  to  think  we  are  any  differ- 
ent than  this  amoeba  in  the  full  spectrum  of 
reality? "  Petters  says.  Just  because  we  can't 
think  of  where  that  fourth  spatial  dimen- 
sion would  be,  and  lack  the  capacity  to  per- 
ceive it,  doesn't  mean  it's  not  there. 

Charles  Keeton,  Petters'  partner  in  the  pa- 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


per  they  published  about  that  telltale  wiggle, 
cites  a  common  way  to  try  to  imagine  this 
extra  dimension:  "People  often  draw  a  piece 
of  paper  standing  vertically,"  he  says.  "The 
third  dimension,"  poking  outward  from 
both  sides  of  the  two-dimensional  paper,  "is 
perpendicular  to  both  dimensions.  Brane- 
world  would  have  a  fourth  dimension  per- 
pendicular to  all  three  dimensions"  that  we 
now  perceive. 

That's  about  as  good  a  description  as  any- 
body can  come  up  with — we  seem  to  be  like 
those  tabletop  amoebas,  doomed  to  our  lim- 
ited understanding  of  reality.  Still,  take  for 
comfort  these  words  by  perhaps  the  most 
famous  journalist  of  our  generation,  uttered 
when  she,  too,  was  trying  to  comprehend  a 
five-dimensional  reality:  "It  had  height, 
length,  breadth,"  she  said,  "and  a  couple  of 
other  things."  Those  are  the  words  of  Lois 
Lane,  describing  Superman's  nemesis  Mr. 
Mxyzptlk,  who  came  from  the  fifth  dimen- 
sion, wore  a  derby  hat,  and  could  be  forced 
to  return  to  his  five-dimensional  space  only 
if  tricked  by  Superman  into  saying  his  own 
name  backwards.  Looking  at  Mr.  Mxyzptlk's 
five-dimensional  manifestation,  Lane  said, 
"made  my  head  hurt." 

But  hard  as  it  may  be  for  two-dimensional 
comic-book  characters,  or  even  us  three- 
dimensional  types,  to  wrap  our  minds  around 
spatial  four-dimensionality,  the  point  is  that 
the  braneworld  model  puts  it  there,  and 
that  Petters  and  Keeton  have  found  a  way 
to  look  for  its  signature  through  the  data 
gathered  by  the  GLAST  satellite. 

That  takes  us  back  to  the  tiny  black  holes  of 
braneworld.  In  an  Einsteinian  universe,  black 
holes  of  that  size  could  be  created  only  in  the 
conditions  present  at  the  dawn  of  the  uni- 
verse, and  any  created  then  would  have  evap- 
orated by  now.  But  according  to  the  brane- 
world universe,  they  would  not  have  evap- 
orated and  so  would  still  exist  to  put  their 
signature  juju  on  that  gamma-ray  vibration. 

If  you  find  the  interference  pattern  in  the 
gamma  rays,  you've  found  a  tiny  braneworld 
black  hole.  That  tiny  black  hole  doesn't  fit 
in  Einstein's  equations.  Ergo,  if  you  find  the 
braneworld  black  hole,  you  demonstrate 
that  the  braneworld  theory,  not  Einstein's, 
is  correct.  And  scientists  will  probably  start 
spending  a  lot  of  time  looking  for  ways  to 
investigate  a  fourth  spatial  dimension. 

Petters  leans  back  in  his  chair.  "The  way  I 
look  at  this  is,  remember  when  we  thought 
the  world  was  flat?"  He  shakes  his  head. 
"Think  of  the  poor  elementary-school  kids 
who  will  have  to  learn  geometry  into  the 
fourth  dimension."  He  imagines  possible 
consequences  of  a  fourth  spatial  dimension, 


Bend  it  like  Petters:  He  and  his  collaborator,  Charles  Keeton,  aim  to  prove  the  existence  of  tiny  black  holes 
originating  from  an  extra  dimension  by  capturing  the  interference  patterns  created  when  gravity  bends  light, 
in  the  same  way  radio  waves,  green,  above,  are  bent  by  the  sun's  gravity  in  a  2002  experiment 


wondering,  for  example,  whether  people 
will  instantly  try  to  develop  weapons  based 
on  the  incredibly  high  energy  with  which 
particles  will  move  between  dimensions. 
On  the  other  hand,  he  recalls  that  in 
Flatland,  a  three-dimensional  being — like 
you — could  put  a  finger  right  into  the  mid- 
dle of  a  two-dimensional  being — like  a 
square — without  penetrating  its  bound- 
aries: You  could  poke  its  insides  without 
going  through  its  "skin."  Similarly,  a  being 
from  four  spatial  dimensions  might  be  able 
to  poke  you  in,  say,  the  spleen — from  the  in- 
side. "But  that's  like  spooks,  right?"  Petters 
asks.  "That's  like  ghosts.  You  can  run  with 
this  metaphor."  He  smiles.  "It's  almost  like 
science  fiction." 

Yes,  like  science  fiction.  But  tiny  black 
holes  the  size  of  atomic  particles,  four  spa- 


tial dimensions,  gravity  bending  light?  That 
isn't  like  science  fiction.  That  stuff  is  all  in  a 
day's  work. 

Actually,  Petters  calls  that  stuff  mathe- 
matical thinking,  and  it's  what  he  brings  to 
the  table  with  Keeton.  A  native  of  Belize, 
he  emigrated  to  the  U.S.  as  a  teenager  and 
in  high  school  recognized  that  mathematics 
had  "a  beauty  of  its  own."  His  course  was 
set:  Hunter  College,  then  MIT  for  his  Ph.D. 
He  describes  mathematical  thinking  as 
abstract  thinking  that  takes  the  elegance  of 
pure  thought  and  creates  structures  that 
eventually  can  be  applied  to  reality.  "You're 
dealing  with  very  general  structures  that  you 
don't  give  any  physical  meaning  to,"  he  says. 
"You  just  look  at  how  these  structures  inter- 
act logically."  So  you  consider  the  relation- 
ship between  speed  and  energy  or  between 


January- February  2008         35 


Cosmic  events:  supermassive  black  hole  in  the 
galaxy  Centaurus  A,  above:  in  Hubble  telescope 
view,  below,  light  rays  from  a  distant  galaxy 
(blue  halo)  bend  around  a  closer  galaxy  (white 
center)  directly  in  front  of  it 


« 


mass  and  light  or  among  the  sides  of  a  trian- 
gle, and  you  work  out  equations  to  represent 
those  relationships. 

"Then,  in  physical  reasoning,  you're  look- 
ing at  a  special  case,"  he  says.  "It  has  mass,  it 
moves,  it's  alive  in  that  sense."  As  you  inves- 
tigate it,  "sometimes  you  realize  this  is  a  struc- 
ture you've  already  studied  in  your  mathe- 
matical reasoning,  and  so  you  import  all  that 
structure  and  give  it  physical  meaning." 

He  considers  this  connection  something 
of  a  miracle.  "So  in  physical  reasoning,  be- 
cause it  fits  with  the  real  world,  you  imagine 
a  braneworld  black  hole  traveling  across  the 
solar  system."  But  then  you  take  your  math- 
ematical structures,  and  you  start  calculat- 
ing, and  you  learn  remarkable  things.  You 
take  the  belief  that  these  tiny  black  holes 


constitute,  say,  one  percent  or  so  of  the  mys- 
terious dark  matter  in  the  solar  system  (a 
reasonable  assumption),  you  do  the  math, 
and  you  discover  that  there  ought  to  be  some 
3,000  of  these  braneworld  black  holes  in  our 
solar  system — sixteen  or  so  in  our  immediate 
neighborhood,  inside  the  orbit  of  Mars. 

"There's  something  mysterious  that  hap- 
pens," Petters  says.  "You  have  all  these  math- 
ematical structures.  If  something  has  a  four- 
dimensional  geography,  you  should  see  this 
wiggle.  And  then  you  do  the  calculation, 
and  ...  you  get  a  prediction  of  200  mega- 
electron  volts!"  And  then  you  can  go  look- 
ing for  a  wiggle  in  that  neighborhood,  and 
maybe  you  find  one,  and  if  you  do,  you 
change  the  philosophical  foundation  of  the 
perception  of  the  world. 


Somewhere  Out  There 

Black  holes,  large  and  small?  Bodies  so  massive  they  bend  light? 
Excuse  us,  but ...  what?  A  few  simple  explanations  may  help. 

Black  holes 

A  black  hole  is  the  result  of  a  massive  object  like  a  star  collapsing  to  such  a  small  size  that  it  forms  a  "singularity"  or  force  of 
unstoppable  gravitational  pull.  ("Small"  is  relative  in  intergalactic  terms;  black  holes  can  range  from  a  few  miles  to  a  few  million 
miles  across.)  The  pull  is  so  strong  that  nothing  that  ventures  within  a  certain  distance  can  escape.  Everything  within  that 
distance-it's  called  the  "event  horizon,"  because  events  within  it  are  beyond  the  horizon  of  any  outside  observer-is  hidden,  so 
we  call  the  singularity  a  black  hole.  It's  the  great  cosmic  bathtub  drain,  a  Gravity  Motel,  so  massive  that  even  light  checks  in  but 
doesn't  check  out.  What  happens  to  that  stuff  in  there?  "Unfortunately,"  says  Arlie  Petters,  professor  of  mathematics  and  physics, 
"the  laws  of  physics  break  down  at  this  drain  hole,  so  we  don't  fully  understand  what  is  going  on  there." 

Okay,  those  are  the  big  ones.  Now,  tiny  black  holes.  What  exactly  are  they? 

Nowadays,  from  what  scientists  know,  only  vastly  massive  objects  can  collapse  and  become  black  holes.  But  in  the  hot,  crazy 
environment  at  the  dawn  of  the  universe,  objects  of  all  kinds  of  masses  could  become  black  holes.  In  an  Einsteinian  universe,  the 
tiny  black  holes  created  at  the  dawn  of  time  would  have  all  evaporated  by  now,  through  thermal  radiation-in  essence,  a  cooling 
down  via  a  quantum  process  called  Hawking  radiation  (after  the  scientist  Stephen  Hawking).  "Every  object  has  a  temperature, 
including  black  holes,"  Petters  says.  Hawking  developed  an  equation  that  tells,  among  other  things,  how  quickly  a  black  hole 
radiates  heat.  "Tiny  black  holes-atomic  size  or  even  smaller  -in  Einstein's  theory,  radiate  heat  very  fast,  so  that's  why  they  fizzle 
out  quickly.  Black  holes  in  the  Randall-Sundrum  brane-world  model  have  a  different  temperature  law,  making  them  evaporate 
more  slowly,  so  such  tiny  black  holes  may  still  exist  today." 

What  is  gravitational  lensing? 

When  light  passes  by  a  massive  object  such  as  a  star  or  even  a  planet,  the  object's  gravitational 
pull  is  so  strong  that  it  actually  bends  the  light  passing  by  it.  Think  of  photons  as  golf  balls 
and  the  strong  gravitational  pull  of  a  large  object  as  a  dip  in  the  green.  The  photons  keep  going 
generally  where  they  were  going,  but  their  path  is  altered. 

How  come  light  is  able  to  come  close  enough  to  a  black 
hole  to  be  bent  but  not  close  enough  to  be  pulled  in? 

It's  connected  to  that  event  horizon  around  black  holes.  There  is  a  region  just  outside  the  event 
horizon  called  a  photon  sphere.  Light  that  gets  close  to  the  photon  sphere  without  going  inside 
it  is  bent,  and  may  even  loop  around  the  photon  sphere  many  times  before  continuing  on  its  path,  but  is  not  captured.  However, 
light  that  gets  too  close  to  the  photon  sphere,  even  just  grazing  it,  may  be  captured  and  loop  around  the  sphere  forever.  "Light  that 
enters  the  photon  sphere  at  an  angle  won't  be  able  to  get  back  out,"  Petters  says.  "It  will  get  pulled  in,  never  to  be  seen  again. 

"The  bent  light  that  makes  it  to  Earth  will  carry  clues  about  the  nature  of  the  black  hole,"  he  says.  "The  most  energetic  beams 
will  be  accessible  to  NASA's  new  GLAST  telescope." 

-Scott  Huler 


Though  it  seems  counterintuitive, 
I  abstract  mathematical  thinking  keeps 
_|  Petters  tethered  to  reality.  One  rea- 
son the  braneworld  model  attracts  him  is 
that  it  seems  to  work  in  the  universe  he  per- 
ceives. Apart  from  their  scrunching  of  the 
fourth  spatial  dimension,  other  string-theo- 
ry models  don't  satisfy  him  because  they 
would  require  as  proof  reactions  that  take 
place  at  energies  so  high  that  we  likely  won't 
have  the  capacity  to  test  them  for  thou- 
sands of  years.  "I'm  drawn  to  models  that  at 
least  have  a  chance  of  [being]  observable  in 
this  astrophysical  realm,"  he  says.  "You  have 
one  life  to  live.  I'm  digging  for  gold  in  the 

Up,  up,  and  away:  GLAST  telescope  will  observe 
highly  energetic  light  rays,  or  gamma  rays,  that  could 
prove  the  existence  of  a  fifth  dimension 


mountainside,  and  I'd  rather  dig  where  there's 
a  good  chance  you'll  find  it." 

In  fact,  that's  what  drew  his  gaze  and 
Keeton's  to  the  sky,  rather  than  to,  say,  the 
Large  Hadron  Collider,  now  being  built 
near  Geneva,  Switzerland,  in  a  circular  tun- 
nel twenty-seven  kilometers  in  circumfer- 
ence. The  collider  will  accelerate  particles 
to  nearly  the  speed  of  light.  Trying  to  create 
and  observe  a  tiny  black  hole  there  would 
cost  billions  of  dollars,  and  the  result  would 
be  so  small  that  it  would  instantly  disap- 
pear. "So  we  took  a  different  approach," 
Petters  says.  "We  said,  You  know,  nature  is 
supposed  to  create  these  things."  They  did 
that  back-of-the-envelope  math.  "We  said, 
Here's  the  signature,  that's  the  wiggle,  and 
the  GLAST  satellite  doesn't  cost  billions  of 


dollars."  He  laughs.  "So  it's  a  practical  busi- 
ness decision." 

How  practical  is  hard  to  say.  Three  thou- 
sand of  those  tiny  black  holes  floating 
around  in  our  solar  system  seems  like  a  lot, 
but  remember:  Each  one  is  about  the  size  of 
an  atomic  nucleus,  and  the  GLAST  satellite 
will  be  looking  all  over  interstellar  space. 
(And  don't  worry — if  one  of  those  tiny  black 
holes  comes  near,  it'll  just  float  through  the 
Earth,  or  you.  "You  have  a  lot  of  space,"  Pet- 
ters says  blithely,  "between  particles.") 

Petters  and  Keeton  now  can  do  little 
more  than  wait  and  hope  one  of  those  black 
holes  happens  to  float  through  the  satellite's 
field  of  vision  while  it's  looking  at  a  gamma 
ray  source — a  staggering  long  shot  at  best. 
"Even  it  the  theory  is  true,"  says  Keeton, 
"it's  very  possible  that  we  will  not  see  it, 
because  the  black  hole  is  not  in  the  right 
place."  Petters  dares  to  hope  it  might  hap- 
pen "in  my  lifetime,"  but  he's  not  making 
bets.  Even  if  you  dig  where  you  think  the 
gold  is,  there's  a  lot  of  mountain  and  not 
much  gold.  Einstein  predicted  gravitational 
lensing  in  1915,  and  it  was  proved  in  1919; 
but  in  1936,  he  predicted  lensing  that  caused 
double  images,  and  that  wasn't  observed 
until  1979. 

But  Petters  draws  inspiration  from  predic- 
tions made,  and  proved,  before  Einstein's.  "I 
go  back  to  the  way  Neptune  was  discovered," 
he  says — in  1846.  Trying  to  understand  ir- 
regularities in  the  orbit  of  Uranus,  mathe- 
maticians figured  out  not  only  that  another 
planet  would  explain  them  but  where  that 
planet  ought  to  be.  They  told  astronomers. 
Mathematical  thinking  created  a  structure; 
physical  observation  went  looking  for  it; 
and  there,  just  where  the  mathematicians 
told  the  astronomers  it  ought  to  be,  was  Nep- 
tune. Maybe  that's  why  Arlie  Petters  smiles 
so  much:  He's  engaged,  full  time,  in  teasing 
secrets  out  of  the  universe.  That's  what  math- 
ematicians do. 

And,  of  course,  even  beyond  the  difficulty 
of  hoping  to  stumble  across  impossibly  small 
objects  in  the  vastness  of  space,  if  in  its  search 
for  braneworld  black  holes  the  GLAST 
comes  up  empty,  there  may  be  another  ex- 
planation. "It  could  be,"  Petters  says,  "that 
Einstein  was  right." 

If  so,  he'll  be  happy  to  explain  it  to  you. 
Fortunately,  there's  nothing  difficult  to  un- 
derstand in  Einstein.  ■ 

Huler  is  a  writer  and  reporter  whose  fifth  book, 
No-Man's  Lands:  One  Man's  Odyssey 
Through  "The  Odyssey,"  will  be  published 
by  Crown  in  March.  He  is  also  a  frequent 
contributor  to  public  radio. 


January- February  2008 


Teaching  for  America,  Training  for  Life 


It's  still  dark,  just  after  six  in  the  morn- 
ing, when  Alex  Baranpuria,  dressed 
sharply  in  a  red  shirt,  matching  red  tie, 
and  black  slacks,  packs  up  a  bagel  with 
tofu,  grabs  the  A  train  from  Fulton  Street  in 
New  York's  downtown  Financial  District, 
and  heads  up  to  125th  Street.  From  there 
it's  a  quick  subway  transfer  to  135th  Street 
and  St.  Nicholas  Avenue  in  Harlem.  Just 
across  the  street  from  the  subway  stop  is  St. 
Nicholas  Park;  St.  Nicholas,  the  patron 
saint  of  Dutch  New  Amsterdam,  is  also  the 
patron  saint  of  children.  Facing  the  park  is  a 
middle  school,  which  inhabits  a  building  of 
generic-schoolhouse  red  brick  relieved  by 
some  imposing  entrance  columns,  called 
KAPPA  IV. 

Baranpuria  '06  is  in  his  second  year  with 
Teach  For  America,  now  the  largest  employer 
of  recent  Duke  graduates.  Formerly  on  a  firm 
pre-med  path,  he  teaches  sixth-grade  sci- 
ence at  KAPPA  IV,  the  fourth  iteration  of  a 
model  school  begun  by  a  Teach  For  Ameri- 
ca alumnus.  The  school's  principal,  Briony 
Carr,  is  a  product  of  the  New  York  City 
Teacher  Fellows  program,  which  is  roughly 
equivalent  to  TFA.  She  says  nothing  dis- 
courages Baranpuria,  adding  that  she  often 
leaves  late  in  the  evening  and  finds  him  still 
working  on  student  assignments  and  lesson 
plans.  "You  can  feel  his  passion  when  you 
walk  into  his  room" — a  passion  for  his  sub- 
ject matter  and  his  students  alike. 

The  school  places  unusual  expectations 
on  students  and  their  parents,  including  an 
extended  school  day,  from  7:30  in  the  morn- 
ing until  four  o'clock,  two  days  a  week.  And 
it  offers  unusual  opportunities,  among  them, 
field  trips  to  colleges  that  are  meant  to 
excite  interest  in  higher  education.  A  "Com- 
mitment to  Excellence"  contract  is  signed 
by  the  parent,  teacher,  and  student  during 
orientation  for  incoming  sixth-graders;  it 
commits  students  to  exemplifying  scholarly 
behavior.  KAPPA  is  an  inner-city  school,  but 
it's  far  from  a  typical  inner-city  school. 

Teach  For  America  teachers  like  Baran- 
puria build  on  the  legacy  of  Wendy  Kopp;  as 
a  senior  at  Princeton  University,  she  wrote 
a  thesis  that  was  the  starting  idea  for  TFA. 


38 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Appealing  to  the  desire  to  make  a  difference  and  enjoying 

an  enviable  cachet,  Teach  For  America  has  become  the  employer  of 

choice  for  more  and  more  Duke  students.     By  ROBERT  J.  bliwise 

From  its  origins  in  1990,  it  now  has  a  nation- 
wide scope,  with  Kopp  as  chief  executive. 
Corps  members  work  in  urban  and  rural  areas 
identified  by  the  organization  as  showing  an 
appreciable  gap  in  educational  achievement. 
They  are  paid  directly  by  their  school  dis- 
tricts and  receive  the  same  salaries  and  ben- 
efits as  other  beginning  teachers.  In  its  pub- 
licity, the  organization  says  the  salary  ranges 
from  $25,000  in  rural  areas  to  $44,000  in 
cities.  That's  hardly  in  the  same  universe  as 
salaries  for  novices  in  investment  banking. 
But  TFA  is  a  member  of  AmeriCorps,  the 
national  service  network  funded  by  the 
government,  and  corps  members  enjoy  stu- 
dent-loan forbearance  and  receive  stipends 
toward  education  expenses. 

New  recruits  go  through  a  five-week  sum- 
mer institute,  which  includes  practice  teach- 
ing, coaching,  and  discussion  of  classroom 
practices.  They're  hired  by  school  districts 
through  state-approved  alternative-certifi- 
cation programs.  Most  of  those  programs 
require  new  teachers  to  take  courses  toward 
official  certification. 

Given  the  fervor  of  their  commitment 
and  the  challenge  of  the  work,  TFA  corps 
members  might  find  solace  in  the  slogans 
that  fill  the  hallways  of  Baranpuria's  school. 
Signs  promote  success  through  effort — "Give 
the  world  the  best  you  have  and  the  best 
will  come  back  to  you";  "Success  is  meas- 
ured by  the  willingness  to  keep  trying."  There 
is  also  a  nutrition  chart,  explaining  the  ben- 
efits of  whole  grains,  fruits,  and  vegetables. 
Alongside  it  is  a  drug-information  chart,  sum- 
marizing the  effects  of  stimulants,  steroids, 
and  hallucinogens.  A  more  engaging  visual 
display  is  a  photo  gallery  of  the  students. 
The  majority  of  the  students  are  Hispanic; 
most  of  the  rest  are  African  American. 

After  he  greets  the  security  guard  at  the 
building's  entrance,  Baranpuria,  an  avid  run- 
ner, finds  a  serious  hike,  five  flights  up  to  his 
science  classroom  (there's  no  elevator).  Room 
505  has  the  familiar  features  of  science  in- 
struction: a  small  library  of  biology,  chem- 
istry, and  earth-science  textbooks;  posters 
describing  forms  of  energy;  a  model  of  the 
solar  system;  a  model  of  the  anatomy  of  a  frog. 


January- February  2008 


"I'm  making  such  a 

big  impact  now.  I  know 

I'm  making  a  change 

in  the  lives  of  every  one 

of  these  students." 


The  students  walk  silently  to  their  seats 
and  remain  standing;  they  place  green  hinders 
on  the  tahle  in  front  of  them  and  slip  their 
backpacks  underneath.  Then  Baranpuria 
leads  them  in  a  science  chant.  Shouting  six- 
graders  don't  exactly  perform  in  harmonious 
unison,  and  the  chant  is  hard  to  make  out, 
but  it  begins:  "Science  explains  how  things 
are/Like  food  in  digestion  and  gas  in  your 
car."  It  goes  on  to  name  some  scientists, 
notably  including  women,  and  ends,  in  a 
collective  assertion  of  self-worth,  "Through  6 
knowledge  and  wit,  I  will  be  able  to  rise."       | 

Self-worth  is  clearly  a  guiding  theme  in  g 
Baranpuria's  classroom.  Even  as  the  students  "■ 
are  filing  in,  he's  calling  out  supportively: 
"Vanessa's  doing  her  job — beautiful."  "Thank 
you  for  being  so  quick  and  efficient."  "A 
minute  and  forty-five,  and  Rayshawn  is  ready 
to  go."  "Excellent  job,  scholars." 

Friction  is  the  day's  lesson  for  Baran- 
puria's three  classes.  He  makes  each  table  a 
demonstration  station.  Students  rotate  from 
station  to  station.  They  roll  a  toy  car  along 
a  rug  fragment,  for  example,  or  drop  balls 
down  inclined  planes  that  are  smooth  and 
polished  and,  alternatively,  coated  with 
sticky  vegetable  shortening.  One  student 
solemnly  expresses  concern  to  a  class  visitor 
over  New  York  Mayor  Michael  Bloomberg's 
idea  to  impose  a  Halloween  curfew.  Still,  he 
and  his  peers  are  uniformly  upbeat  about  a 
class  with  a  hands-on  approach  to  studying 
science — including,  earlier  in  the  school 
year,  growing  mold  on  bread. 

For  the  lesson  on  friction,  two  classroom 
stations  are  set  aside  for  special  purposes.  One 
is  covered  with  cookies  and  donut  holes  pro- 
vided by  Baranpuria.  It's  meant  to  celebrate 
students  who  have  earned  a  "VIP  Card"  for 
solid  performance  in  meeting  academic  ex- 
pectations. The  other  has  the  students  learn- 
ing about  consensus-making,  as  they  decide 
who  at  the  school  to  reward  with  a  public 
"shout-out."  Recording  their  recommenda- 
tions on  Post-it  notes,  many  of  them  single  out 
Baranpuria:  "Thanks  4  giving  us  cool  experi- 
ments. U  Rock."  "Thanks  for  making  science 
fun.  Professor  B.,  you  are  the  best."  "Prefess. 
B.:  Thank's  for  running  the  place  well."  And, 


Between-class  counseling: 
Baranpuria  checks  in  with  a  student 


"Prof  B.,  you  are  the  best  and  the  coolest." 

During  a  brief  pause  between  classes,  Bar- 
anpuria talks  about  teaching.  Teaching  has 
been  "the  challenge  of  a  lifetime,"  he  says. 
But  it's  not  just  the  satisfaction  of  perform- 
ing a  social  service  that's  appealing  to  him; 
it's  also  the  promise  of  instant  results.  TFA 
is  very  measurement-minded.  The  organiza- 
tion boasts  of  providing  "a  toolkit  to  help 
corps  members  create  a  data-driven,  stu- 
dent-achievement-focused classroom  from 
day  one,"  with  instructional  plans  tailored 
to  state  standards  and  the  district's  curricu- 
lum, diagnostic  tests,  and  other  assessment 
and  tracking  tools.  Baranpuria's  students 
know  they'll  be  expected  to  master  the  prop- 
erties of  matter,  the  kingdoms  of  life,  and 
much  more.  And  Baranpuria  knows  he'll  be 
judged  on  their  mastery. 

"I'm  making  such  a  big  impact  now,  and 
I  couldn't  say  that  if  I  were  starting  med 
school  or  grad  school,  or  working  as  an  I- 
banker,"  he  says.  "I  know  I'm  making  a  change 
in  the  lives  of  every  one  of  these  students." 
Those  words  perhaps  capture  a  generational 
outlook:  In  a  Harris  Interactive  poll  last 
year,  a  striking  97  percent  of  young  people 
declared  an  interest  in  seeking  work  that  "al- 
lows me  to  have  an  impact  on  the  world." 

Influencing  life  paths  is  the  theme  of  an 
early-evening  meeting  on  Duke's  cam- 
pus, held  around  the  time  Baranpuria  is 
starting  his  semester  in  New  York:  a 


Teach  For  America  recruitment  event.  The 
room  in  Rubenstein  Hall,  part  of  the  pub- 
lic-policy complex,  is  so  packed  that  more 
folding  chairs  have  to  be  dragged  in.  The 
start  of  the  program  is  delayed  while  seventy 
or  so  students  stand  in  line  to  add  their 
names  to  a  roster  of  attendees.  While  they 
wait,  they  nibble  on  mini  egg  rolls  and  vege- 
tables with  dip,  courtesy  of  the  organization. 
Posters  provided  for  the  occasion  urge  them 
to  "Join  the  movement  to  eliminate  educa- 
tion inequality."  Directly  across  the  hall  is  a 
recruitment  meeting  for  Goldman  Sachs; 
by  comparison,  it's  only  modestly  attended. 

Goldman  Sachs,  though,  may  be  a  less  ag- 
gressive campus  recruiter  than  Teach  For 
America:  TFA  hires  students  as  campus 
campaign  coordinators  to  spread  the  word, 
an  endeavor  that  includes  fliers,  Facebook 
announcements,  online  calendar  listings, 
Chronicle  ads,  table  tents  in  dining  spots, 
cardboard  coffee-cup  holders,  and  class  pre- 
sentations. Those  coordinators  (three  in 
Duke's  case)  aren't  just  publicists  for  the 
organization.  They're  also  its  eyes  and  ears 
on  campus,  and  they  work  to  identify  stu- 
dent leaders — perhaps  too  relentlessly,  in 
the  view  of  some  targeted  with  the  organi- 
zation's onslaught  of  e-mail  messages — who 
might  be  good  corps  candidates. 

Caroline  Davis,  a  TFA  recruiter,  begins 
the  program  with  a  video  of  corps  members 
who  celebrate  "making  a  difference"  and 
observe  that  "all  college  graduates  are  look- 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Davis:  recruiting  a  leadership  force 
for  education 


V:    HI*' 


ing  for  a  role"  that  makes  them  feel  "real 
and  alive."  Davis,  a  2005  graduate  of  North- 
western University,  then  outlines  the  chal- 
lenge behind  the  earnest  cheerleading  on 
the  video:  Just  one  in  ten  students  from  low- 
income  communities  will  graduate  from  col- 
lege, even  as  some  13  million  children  are 
growing  up  in  poverty.  The  idea  behind  Teach 
For  America,  she  says,  is  that  a  "measurable 
impact"  on  those  students  will  come  from 
inspiring  "incredible  young  leaders  to  go 
into  the  classroom."  The  program  has  grown 
from  a  few  hundred  members  in  1990  to 
some  5,000  teachers  in  their  first  or  second 
year  of  a  two-year  commitment.  Its  long-term 
strategy,  she  tells  her  audience,  is  to  "build  a 
leadership  force  with  the  insight  and  con- 
viction to  effect  change"  in  education. 

She  also  points  to  pragmatic  anangements 
that  support  principled  commitment  to  ser- 
vice: corporate  partnerships  with  consulting 
and  financial  giants  like  McKinsey  &  Com- 
pany, JPMorgan,  and  Lehman  Brothers.  Stu- 
dents who  commit  to  Teach  For  America 
can  get  a  deferred  job  offer  to  one  of  those 
partner  organizations — with  a  signing  bonus. 
Nationally,  some  150  degree  programs  at  va- 
rious campuses,  in  areas  ranging  from  busi- 
ness to  social  work,  give  special  treatment 
to  TFA  veterans.  Among  them  is  Duke's  San- 
ford  Institute  of  Public  Policy,  where  offi- 
cials who  oversee  the  master's  program  say 
corps  members  enjoy  "a  significant  advan- 
tage in  the  competition  for  admission"  and 


which  guarantees  corps  alumni  a  minimum 
annual  scholarship  of  $12,000.  The  insti- 
tute has  similar  relationships  with  Ameri- 
Corps/VISTA  and  the  Peace  Corps. 

Teach  For  America  says  two-thirds  of  its 
former  corps  members  are  working  or  study- 
ing in  the  education  field;  among  those  in 
education,  half  are  teachers.  One  is  Andrew 
Lakis  '04,  a  fourth-year  teacher  at  Friend- 
ship Public  Charter  School's  Woodridge 
Campus  in  Washington.  (The  Washington 
school  system's  superintendent  is  also  a  pro- 
duct of  TFA.)  It's  a  stormy  fall  day  in  Wash- 
ington, and  it's  been  a  long  day  for  Lakis: 
When  it  rains,  his  students  get  rambunc- 
tious. 

Woodridge  was  his  original  placement 
school  when  he  joined  the  corps  as  a  fifth- 
grade  teacher;  he  is  now  a  mentor-teacher 
for  first-  and  second-year  teachers.  He's  also 
teaching  sixth-grade  social  studies.  When 
he  started  at  Duke,  Lakis  was  determined  to 
go  to  law  school,  but  courses  in  areas  like 
social  history  drew  him  to  issues  of  social 
justice.  Through  an  education  course,  he 
tutored  at  a  Durham  elementary  school;  he 
continued  as  a  volunteer  after  the  course 
ended.  He  has  stayed  in  touch  with  the  stu- 
dent he  tutored,  now  a  ninth-grader. 

The  day  after  he  graduated,  he  recalls,  his 
grandmother  said  to  him,  "You're  going  to 
teach?  I  always  thought  you  were  going  to 
amount  to  more  than  that."  But  at  the  end 
of  his  first  year  of  teaching,  in  June  2005,  he 


received  a  much  different  message  when  he 
traveled  to  New  York  to  renew  ties  with  some 
investment-banker  friends.  Lakis  was  fresh 
from  the  graduation  ceremony  of  his  fifth- 
graders;  the  I-bankers  were  fresh  from  re- 
ceiving word  of  their  $30,000  performance 
bonuses.  One  of  them  admitted  that  he  would 
gladly  trade  jobs  with  Lakis.  Like  Lakis,  he 
worked  hard.  Unlike  Lakis,  he  earned  little 
satisfaction  from  that  work.  "That  was  a 
turning  point"  in  his  thinking,  Lakis  says. 

Lakis  characterizes  that  first  year  of  teach- 
ing— some  seventy  hours  a  week,  plus  grad- 
uate classes  in  the  evening  at  American 
University — as  filled  with  "growing  pains." 
He  adds,  "Maybe  you  graduated  from  one  of 
the  top  schools  of  education,  but  for  that 
first  year,  you're  still  starting  from  scratch.  If 
you  can't  relate  to  the  class,  you're  going  to 
have  a  hard  time  teaching."  Lakis  says  he 
felt  well  prepared  as  a  corps  member — to  a 
point.  "They  tell  you  it's  going  to  be  tough. 
But  I'm  not  sure  that  people  always  under- 
stand what  they're  getting  themselves  into. 
There  were  days  when  I  questioned  whether  I 
was  good  enough  to  do  it.  I'd  have  the  les- 
son plan  in  hand,  and  maybe  I  just  didn't  do 
a  good  job  teaching  it,  or  maybe  the  stu- 
dents would  talk  over  me,  or  maybe  I  didn't 
understand  where  the  students  were  coming 
from."  He  now  tells  starting  teachers  that 
"it's  completely  natural  to  struggle." 

Part  of  the  struggle  for  Lakis  when  he 
landed  at  Woodridge  was  to  overcome  his 
youthful  appearance  and  his  racial  identity. 
As  one  of  only  three  whites  in  the  school, 
he  recalls  being  introduced  at  a  parents  meet- 
ing with  the  school  principal;  after  the 
meeting,  several  of  the  parents  expressed 
their  concern  to  the  principal  that  Lakis 
wouldn't  be  able  to  handle  the  cultural  dif- 
ferences in  the  classroom.  But  he  was  accus- 
tomed to  a  multiracial  school  environment, 
having  gone  to  high  school  in  High  Point, 
North  Carolina,  with  a  predominantly  Af- 
rican-American student  body,  and  then 
having  taught  in  the  Durham  school  system. 
In  his  Duke  studies,  he  focused  on  African- 
American  history  and  social  movements. 

In  a  letter  to  the  school  principal,  one 
parent  wrote  about  Lakis,  "The  first  day  of 
school  I  took  a  look  at  him  and  said  that  he 
looked  like  the  kids  were  going  to  run  all 
over  him.  I  was  very  concerned  about  my 
child  being  in  his  class  and  was  ready  to  pull 
him  out."  But  she  quickly  revised  her  early 
impression,  and,  she  added,  "By  mentoring 


January- February  2008         41 


and  tutoring  my  child  almost  daily,  he  took 
[a  student]  with  very  low  self-esteem  and 
coached  him  to  the  point  where  he  was  on 
the  principal's  honor  roll  all  year." 

Without  Teach  For  America,  many  young 
people  would  never  be  drawn  to  teaching, 
Lakis  says.  But  the  organization  has  changed, 
he  adds — perhaps  inevitably,  as  it's  grown 
more  complex,  more  influential,  and  more 
marketing-savvy.  "It's  a  machine.  The  ideal- 
ist in  me  wishes  it  were  more  of  a  grassroots 
organization.  But  it's  a  machine." 

Duke's  aspiring  corps  members,  as  they 
confront  the  Teach  For  America 
machine,  find  themselves  again  in  a 
version  of  the  college-admissions 
competition.  In  2006-07,  there  were  149 
applicants  from  Duke;  38  percent  were  ac- 
cepted into  the  program,  compared  with  2 1 
percent  nationwide.  The  hike  in  interest  is 
impressive  over  just  a  short  period:  In  2004- 
05,  Duke  produced  ninety-five  applicants. 

Sheila  Curran,  Duke's  director  of  career 
services,  says  TFA's  program  outshines  that 
of  not  only  other  nonprofits  but  of  heavy- 
weight corporate  recruiters  as  well.  "They've 
built  the  brand,"  as  she  puts  it.  "They're  com- 
petitive, and  they're  now  going  after  the 
same  people  the  investment  banks  and  con- 
sulting firms  are  going  for.  Teach  For  Amer- 
ica has  become  a  prestigious  alternative." 

Over  two  consecutive  days  this  fall,  New 
York  Times  columnists  attached  themselves 
to  the  program:  David  Brooks  ruminated  on 
a  new  post-adolescent,  self-discovery  or 
"odyssey"  phase  that  feeds  into  some  social 
institutions,  including  Teach  For  America. 
And  Thomas  L.  Friedman  wrote  about  "Gen- 
eration Q,"  the  "Quiet  Americans,"  quietly 
pursuing  their  ideals  at  home  and  abroad 
and  channeling  their  national-service  im- 
pulses into  Teach  For  America,  "which  has 
become  to  this  generation  what  the  Peace 
Corps  was  to  mine."  According  to  Curran, 
even  those  who  don't  accord  it  prestige  or 
root  it  in  idealism  recognize  Teach  For  Amer- 
ica as  "mainstream,"  meaning  that  parents, 
who  might  otherwise  discourage  their  Duke- 
educated  children  from  entering  a  presum- 
ably low-status  field,  find  it  acceptable. 

An  effective  element  of  TFA's  smart  re- 
cruiting strategy,  Curran  says,  is  a  rolling- 
admission  approach:  Students  are  accepted 
into  the  program  at  different  points  in  the 
academic  year,  meaning  that  they  can  en- 
courage their  peers  to  check  out  the  organi- 
zation for  which  they've  developed  such 
enthusiasm.  And  Caroline  Davis'  frequent 
presence  on  campus  as  a  recruiter  (one  of 
sixty-four  TFA  recruitment  directors,  she 


says  she  spends  half  her  time  recruiting  at 
Duke)  makes  it  possible  for  the  organization 
to  build  relationships  with  students. 

Many  college  seniors  look  to  their  futures 
with  concern  and  confusion.  TFA  addresses 
that  issue,  says  Curran.  "These  students  have 
a  huge  fear  of  the  unknown.  They  have 
gone  through  life  always  knowing  what  the 
next  step  is."  As  they  step  into  the  TFA 
corps,  students  are  rewarded  with  something 
they  have  come  to  value,  Curran  says — a 


support  network.  (They  also  plug  into  a 
website  that's  filled  with  information  about 
the  region  to  which  they're  assigned,  even 
cost-of-living  details.)  Their  friends  are  a 
huge  part  of  their  lives.  And  with  their 
strong  ties  to  the  social  network  of  fellow 
corps  members — not  the  least  of  them 
the  corps  veterans  who  serve  as  regional 
"program  directors,"  assigned  the  ongoing 
role  of  providing  support,  guidance,  and 
feedback — recent  graduates  can  feel  that, 


42 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


The  organization  has 
changed— perhaps 
inevitably,  as  it's  grown 
more  complex,  more 
influential,  and  more 
marketing-savvy.  "It's 
a  machine." 


in  a  sense,  they've  never  left  college. 

In  Curran's  view,  those  students  are  very 
competitive.  The  fact  that  TFA  puts  appli- 
cants through  so  many  hoops,  and  that  it 
thrusts  its  corps  members  into  a  challenging 
environment,  is  attractive  in  itself.  Stu- 
dents realize,  too,  that  TFA  can  make  them 
marketable.  Employers  will  always  look  for 
qualities  that  define  a  teacher's  role  in  the 
classroom:  flexibility,  innovation,  cross-cul- 
tural skills,  an  ability  to  move  out  of  a  per- 


sonal comfort  zone,  a  knack  for  presenting 
effectively  and  clearly.  Lakis,  the  Washing- 
ton teacher,  mentions  getting  a  barrage  of 
e-mail  messages  from  talent-hunting  con- 
sulting firms  as  he  was  completing  his  sec- 
ond, and  final,  year  with  the  program. 

This  fall,  Business  Week  named  Teach  For 
America  one  of  the  ten  best  places  to  begin 
a  career.  According  to  the  magazine,  "young 
workers  view  Teach  For  America  as  a  valu- 
able launching  pad  to  an  assortment  of 
careers  and  paths." 

Not  every  observer  of  education  is 
quite  so  ready  to  label  Teach  For 
America  a  valuable  launching  pad. 
A  handful  of  studies  suggest  that 
training  and  certification  give  novice 
teachers  an  edge  in  the  classroom.  When 
TFA  teachers  obtain  certification,  their  stu- 
dents do  as  well  as  traditionally  prepared 
teachers.  But  TFA  teachers  leave  after  two 
or  three  years,  freshly  certified  and  still  ap- 
proaching pedagogic  proficiency. 

One  critic  is  Rosemary  Thome,  who  re- 
cently stepped  down  after  eighteen  years  as 
head  of  Duke's  Master  of  Arts  in  Teaching 
program.  She  says  what  the  one-year  MAT. 
can  give  young  people — and  what  Teach 
For  America  can't — is  a  year's  worth  of 
guided  training  in  the  public  schools.  M.A.T 
students  work  closely  with  mentor-teachers 
trained  by  Duke.  Supplementing  that  expe- 
rience is  classroom  exposure  to  basic  peda- 
gogy— how  young  learners  acquire  knowl- 
edge, how  learning  disabilities  should  be 
dealt  with  in  the  classroom,  how  schools 
show  awareness  of  legal  issues. 

Thome  says  she  can  understand  why 
school  districts  want  to  hire  Teach  For 
America  corps  members.  She  has  "nothing 
but  admiration"  for  the  graduates  who  enter 
the  program  and  want  to  make  a  difference 
in  the  schools.  They  are  "responding  to  their 
better  angels."  But,  she  adds,  "TFA  and  pro- 
grams like  it  are  bad  public  policy." 

For  one  thing,  she's  uncomfortable  with 
TFA's  aura  as  a  kind  of  domestic  Peace 
Corps,  "treating  our  schools  and  our  chil- 
dren like  Third  World  countries.  Is  that 
how  we  should  be  thinking  about  them? 
Teach  For  America  perpetuates  the  idea 
that  teaching  is  not  really  a  profession,  that 
it  is  something  you  can  drop  in  and  do  for  a 
short  time,  but  it  is  not  a  reasonable  thing 
for  a  bright,  talented,  well-educated  person 
to  do  over  the  long  haul."  In  addition,  she 
says,  it  takes  five  years  for  teachers  to  "really 
hit  their  stride." 

What  teaching  needs,  according  to 
Thome,  is  the  sort  of  cultural  shift  that  val- 


January-  February  2008 


43 


ues  teachers  as  professionals — a  shift  that 
draws  the  best  and  brightest  into  teaching 
and  that  encourages  longevity  in  the  class- 
room. By  the  time  they  reach  that  five-year 
mark,  half  of  all  teachers  have  gone,  she 
says.  (Some  85  percent  of  Duke  M.A.T. 
graduates  are  still  in  the  classroom  after  five 
years.)  "I  don't  think  Teach  For  America  is 
any  kind  of  long-term  solution  for  the  prob- 
lems facing  public  schools."  By  sending  the 
message  that  a  corps  of  idealistic  young  peo- 
ple can  turn  public  schools  around,  "it  de- 
lays the  search  for  a  solution,"  she  says. 

Some  of  Thome's  concerns  are  echoed  in 
the  experiences  of  Andrew  Nurkin  '03,  who 
joined  Teach  For  America  and  then  dropped 
out.  Initially,  Nurkin  followed  a  typical 
Duke  student  pattern:  "What  got  me  in- 
volved was  the  idea  that  you're  approaching 
graduation  and  it's  not  clear  what  you  want 
to  do.  And  there  are  posters  all  around  cam- 
pus appealing  to  a  particular  set  of  liberal 
ideas  about  changing  the  world  and  becom- 
ing involved  in  what  they  call  the  new 
civil-rights  movement.  They  are  advertis- 
ing, in  a  very  well-targeted  way,  to  young 
people  who  are  social-minded  but  haven't 
yet  found  the  niche  or  social  issue  that  they 
want  to  attach  themselves  to." 

His  first  teaching  immersion  came  in 
Houston,  as  part  of  the  TFA  orientation, 
when  he  began  teaching  English  as  a  sec- 
ond language  to  eighth-graders.  There  he 
was  hit  with  an  instant,  and  unsettling, 
realization.  "1  saw  that  I  had  not  acquired  in 
my  life  experience  what  it  was  going  to  take 
for  me  to  deal  with  what  I'd  have  to  be  deal- 
ing with.  And  I  didn't  anticipate  acquiring 
it  in  my  five  weeks  of  the  crash  course." 

Corps  members  who  have  stuck  with  the 
program  acknowledge  the  difficulties  of 
their  first  year  of  teaching.  Some  who  avid- 
ly blog  on  TFA-related  websites  refer  to  an 
inevitable  "disillusionment  phase"  affecting 
new  teachers.  Classroom  management  is  a 
major  source  of  distress,  they  say,  and  new 
teachers  come  to  question  both  their  com- 
mitment and  their  competence.  Barna- 
puria,  in  New  York,  revels  in  his  ability  to 
connect  with  his  students.  But  other  corps 
members,  in  their  blogging,  express  frustra- 
tion with  the  limited  scope  of  their  impact. 
One  declared  that  "there  is  only  so  much  a 
motivated  teacher  can  do,"  adding  that 
vouchers  or  an  expansion  of  charter  schools 
would  be  a  better,  more  systemic  way  out  of 
the  education  crisis. 

The  crisis  was  more  personal  for  a  New 
Jersey-based  teacher,  in  postings  to  fellow 
corps  members  in  late  October.  The  blog- 
ger's  lament  was  that  "in  an  average  day,  a 


teacher  is  pulled  in  so  many  different  direc- 
tions that  you  struggle  to  think  that  you're 
doing  anything  meaningful.  I  feel  so  sorry 
for  my  students  who  are  there  to  learn."  An 
entry  from  another  reported,  "I  still  feel  like 
I  start  every  day  completely  unprepared  for 
the  chaos  ahead.  And  there  is  really  no 
other  way  to  describe  my  classroom  (and 
the  junior  high  in  general)....  The  worst 
part  is  that  life  no  longer  really  surprises  me. 
Yesterday,  we  had  a  student  arrested  because 
he  stole  the  principal's  wallet.  No  big  deal." 
Juliet  Summers  '06  has  moved  beyond 
any  crisis-of-confidence  phase.  She  teaches 
second-grade  students  on  the  Rosebud 
Sioux  Reservation  in  south-central  South 
Dakota,  far  removed  from  the  urban  scene 
but  a  tough  area  nonetheless.  A  few  years 


ago,  Rosebud's  unemployment  rate  was  esti- 
mated to  be  85  percent;  the  per-capita 
income  for  the  county  ranked  sixty-sixth 
out  of  the  state's  sixty-six  counties.  A  tribal 
report  last  summer  on  teen  suicides  pointed 
to  "poverty,  depression,  a  lack  of  jobs,  drugs, 
alcohol,  and  other  social  problems."  Almost 
nothing  grows  on  the  land,  Summers  says. 
"There  are  no  trees,  just  rolling  plains  for  as 
far  as  you  can  see."  She  adds,  "We  can  tell 
what  time  of  year  is  coming  by  what  bug 
we're  being  invaded  by.  Right  now,  it's  wasp 
season,  and  later  it's  tick  season,  which  is 
our  least  favorite." 

Summers  says  her  first  encounters  in  the 
classroom  were  overwhelming.  "This  time 
last  year,  I  was  just  trying  to  figure  things 
out.  I  remember  asking  myself  day  by  day, 


44 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


'What  can  I  do  tomorrow  in  class  that  is 
slightly  better  than  today?  What  lesson  can 
I  plan  for  next  week  that  will  be  better  than 
this  week?'  And  I  remember  feeling,  a  lot  of 
days,  like  I  wasn't  doing  a  great  job.  But 
then  there  come  those  days  when  you  do 
feel  like  you  are  doing  a  good  job.  And  that 
makes  it  worth  it." 

There's  no  quibbling  over  Teach  For 
America's  worth  from  a  panel  of  corps 
veterans.  Their  job  this  midsemester 
evening  is  to  help  replenish  the  ranks 
of  TFA  with  a  new  crop  of  student  leaders. 
In  a  gray-toned,  nondescript  Bryan  Center 
conference  room,  students  have  assembled 
to  take  in  the  uplifting  message  and  the  fa- 
miliar mini  egg  rolls. 


-    --:-^J 

Led  by  the  ubiquitous  and  unfailingly 
upbeat  Caroline  Davis,  this  particular  pres- 
entation focuses  on  "Life  After  Teach  For 
America."  She  introduces  the  panel,  all  Duke 
alumni:  a  medical  student,  a  public  policy 
graduate  student,  the  chief  executive  of  a 
nonprofit  organization  that  teaches  manage- 
ments skills  to  leaders  of  other  nonprofits, 
and  a  consultant  specializing  in  the  constnic- 
tion  industry.  They  talk  about  how  Teach 
For  America  appealed  to  their  interest  in 
bringing  about  social  change,  how  they 
were  drawn  to  the  opportunity  to  make  an 
impact,  and  how  they  found  their  corps 
experiences  transferable  to  their  later  work. 

Just  a  few  miles  away,  a  recent  alumna  re- 
cruited by  Davis  as  a  student,  Susan  Patrick 
'07,  is  just  finishing  up  her  school  day.  As  an 


The  fact  that  Teach 
For  America  puts  appli- 
cants through  so  many 
hoops,  and  that  it  thrusts 
its  corps  members  into  a 
challenging  environment, 
is  attractive  in  itself. 


undergraduate,  Patrick  tutored  at  elemen- 
tary schools.  She  also  worked  at  an  alterna- 
tive school,  with  middle-school  students 
suspended  from  their  home  school. 

Through  Teach  For  America,  Patrick  is 
teaching  eighth-grade  language  arts  at  Gith- 
ens  Middle  School  in  Durham.  Githens  is 
unusually  diverse.  Patrick  is  dealing  with  the 
children  of  professors  and  doctors  as  well  as 
children  from  low-income,  single-parent 
households.  Some  of  her  students  live  with 
their  grandparents,  and  some  are  homeless. 
She  has  readers  at  the  sixth-,  fifth-,  or  even 
fourth-grade  level.  Others  are  far  above  grade 
level.  With  such  gaps  in  background  and 
preparation,  it's  tough  to  keep  them  on  task, 
together. 

"I  came  in  knowing  I  was  going  to  have  a 
lot  of  challenges,"  she  says.  "Thirteen-year- 
olds  do  things  that  most  normal  people 
wouldn't  dream  of." 

No  longer  a  teaching  novice,  Summers,  in 
South  Dakota,  has  mastered  some  of  those 
challenges.  With  a  year's  experience  behind 
her,  "the  ball  game  is  totally  different,"  she 
says,  and  she  feels  prepared  for  the  issues 
she'll  face  in  the  classroom.  "For  a  lot  of  the 
kids  here,  there's  just  so  much  they  have  to 
deal  with,  so  much  death  and  family  strug- 
gles. And  they're  so  little,  they  don't  how  to 
articulate  that.  They  don't  know  how  to  say, 
'I'm  unhappy  today  because  my  brother 
tried  to  kill  himself  All  they  can  do  is  punch 
a  wall. 

"Teach  For  America  really  stresses  in  our 
training  that  in  our  classroom,  we're  going 
to  see  so  many  kids  who  have  so  many 
needs.  You  want  to  take  care  of  them  for  the 
seven  hours.  But  it's  so  important  to  keep 
your  focus  on  the  thing  that  you  can  actual- 
ly give  them,  and  that's  an  education.  So 
many  of  my  kids  will  be  writing  a  story  that 
says  something  like,  'On  Friday  night,  my 
mom  was  drunk,  and  I  went  to  my  auntie's 
house.'  What  can  you  say  to  that?  Defi- 
nitely these  societal  problems  affect  their 
lives.  You  have  to  do  the  best  you  can  to 
teach  through  all  of  that,  and  to  be  respect- 
ful of  all  the  good  things  they  get  from  their 
community  and  their  loved  ones."  ■ 


January- February  2008 


45 


Holding  On 

Driftless:  Photogrephs 

From  lowd,  this  year's  winner 

of  the  Center  for  Documentary 

Studies/Honickman  First  Book 

Prize  in  Photography, 

captures  the  rural  landscapes 

and  shifting  socioeconomics 

of  photographer  Danny 

Wilcox  Frazier's  home  state. 


46         DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Bumpy  ride:  rodeo,  Monroe  County  Fairgrounds,  Albia,  2004 


January- February  2008         47 


Sitting  in  a  darkened  classroom  during 
his  first  college  photography  course, 
Danny  Wilcox  Frazier  watched 
images  from  Robert  Frank's  seminal 
hook  The  Americans  projected  on  a  screen. 
The  black-and-white  pictures,  taken  by 
Frank  in  the  mid-1950s  during  a  two-year 
project  as  he  crisscrossed  the  U.S.,  seemed 
immediately  familiar  to  Frazier.  Frank's  pho- 
tojournalistic  approach  to  capturing  people 
going  about  their  daily  lives  revealed  under- 
currents of  ennui  and  dislocation.  As  Jack 
Kerouac  wrote  in  the  book's  foreword, 
"[Robert  Frank]  sucked  a  sad  poem  right  out 
of  America  onto  film,  taking  rank  among 
the  tragic  poets  of  the  world." 

Frank's  sober  vision  of  America  resonated 
with  Frazier,  an  Iowa  native  who  grew  up 
witnessing  cultural  tensions  and  transitions 
in  his  own  backyard.  As  a  professional  free- 
lance photographer,  Frazier  went  on  to  shoot 
for  The  New  York  Times,  Time,  Newsweek, 
Mother  Jones,  and  Forbes,  among  others. 
And  though  his  travels  took  him  around 


Moments  in  time:  jumping  rock,  North  Liberty,  2004;  Amish  girls  laugh  as  they  play  a 
Bible  card  game  during  harvest  on  the  Miller  family  farm,  Kalona,  2005 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Honoring  tradition:  Memorial  Day, 

Lone  Tree,  2003;  below,  a  young 

girl  dreams  of  becoming  a 

summer  festival  queen  like  her 

older  sister,  Conesville,  2003. 


■  *>   ^ uSi.  ' 'i't%  faf,\i  .it?  i  f^k'^i,l'i' ' K1  wm'wM^SSm 

'*J     HK^  *&:.  '^^^iii^i^!3 

■-■HfJr'l 

Pah 

iiiiH  r* 

k  1 

January- February  2008 


50         DUKE  MAGAZINE 


the  world,  including  stints  in  Africa  and  the 
Middle  East,  Frazier  could  not  escape  the 
pull  of  his  home  state  as  subject.  For  four 
years,  he  photographed  the  rural  landscapes 
and  shifting  socioeconomics  of  Iowa,  from 
desolate  stretches  of  nothingness  to  an 
Amish  family  walking  silently  down  a  dirt 
road  and  Hispanic  migrant  farmers  harvest- 
ing cantaloupes. 

The  project  culminated  in  the  publication 
of  Driftless:  Photographs  From  Iowa,  which 
was  selected  from  more  than  400  entries  as 
the  winner  of  the  2006  Center  for  Documen- 
tary Studies/Honickman  First  Book  Prize  in 
Photography.  Published  by  Duke  University 
Press  in  conjunction  with  CDS  in  November 
2007,  Driftless  won  high  praise  from  Robert 
Frank,  Frazier's  unwitting  inspiration  and 
judge  for  the  Honickman  Prize  competition. 
Frank  noted  that  he  was  drawn  to  Frazier's 
work  because  of  his  "passionate  photographs 
without  sentimentality. . . .  [H]is  work  reaches 
out:  Let  me  tell  your  story,  it  is  important." 

Frazier  says  that  he  chose  to  focus  on  rural 
communities  to  document  a  way  of  life  that 
is  often  ignored  by  the  mainstream  media. 
"During  winter  in  the  Midwest,  one  can  drive 
along  endless  gravel  roads  divided  by  wind- 
blown fields  of  black  earth  as  dark  as  tar,"  he 
says.  "Snow  drifts  along  fencerows,  leaving 
the  landscape  a  harsh  contrast  of  black  and 
white.  But  the  feelings  of  openness  that  so 
defines  the  Midwest's  rural  landscape  is 
being  replaced  by  one  of  emptiness ....  As 
the  economies  of  rural  communities  across 
America  continue  to  fail,  abandonment  is 
becoming  commonplace;  these  photographs 
document  the  human  effect  of  this  econom- 
ic shift."  ■ 


Bleak  forecast:  Allen  Miller  drags  a  young  doe  from  the  woods  while  hunting  with  family 
and  friends,  Kalona,  2005;  bull  rider  and  farmhand  Rusty  Caudle,  North  Liberty,  2003. 


January- February  2008 


Books 


COLLEGE      ...JSIJ* 

mil-mmm    HISTORY    ; 

TOGETHER 


DIE  FEU  SW-lftl 


Dissident  Syria:  Making 
Oppositional  Arts  Official 

By  miriam  cooke.  Duke  University  Press, 
2007.  208  pages.  $21.95,  paper. 
For  the  duration  of  his  three-decade  reign, 
Syrian  President  Hafiz  Asad  sought  to 
prevent  popular  unrest  through  "commis- 
sioned criticism,"  cooke 's  phrase  for  his 
appropriation  of  political  criticism  for  use 
in  government  propaganda.  By  officially 
managing  anti-government  expression 
from  writers  and  artists,  Asad  forced  dis- 
senters to  tiptoe  along  the  line  between 
what  he  allowed  and  what  could  be  consid- 
ered treason.  To  research  this  subject  and 
fully  grasp  the  community  of  Syria,  cooke,  a 
Duke  professor  of  Arabic  literature  and 
culture,  spent  six  months  in  the  country, 
learning  what  life  was  like  during  this  time 
from  sculptors,  playwrights,  filmmakers, 
writers,  and  artists. 

One  Fell  Swoop 

B31  Virginia  Boyd  '87.  Thomas  Nelson,  2007. 
300 pages.  $24.99. 

A  woman  discovers  her  husband  having 
an  affair  and  murders  him,  touching  off  a 
series  of  events  that  affect  an  entire  com- 
munity. Each  chapter  is  written  from  a  dif- 
ferent character's  perspective,  creating  a 
cumulative  impression  of  just  how  inter- 
linked a  community  can  be. 

College  Admissions  Together: 
It  Takes  a  Family 

B}  Steven  R.  Goodman  '85  and  Andrea 
Leiman.  Capital  Books  Inc.,  2007. 
181  pages.  $17.95,  paper. 

Any  family  that  has  experienced  the  col- 
lege application  process  knows  how  stress- 
ful and  nerve-wracking  this  time  can  be. 
While  parental  pressures  can  amplify  an 


applicant's  anxiety,  healthy  and  supportive 
family  bonds  ease  some  of  the  tension, 
alleviating  apprehension  about  application 
requirements  and  the  ultimate  decision  of 
where  to  attend.  Goodman,  an  education- 
al consultant,  and  Leiman,  a  clinical  psy- 
chologist and  professor,  offer  advice  on 
connecting  as  a  family  and  involving  par- 
ents, while  at  the  same  time  allowing  each 
student  to  make  independent  decisions. 

Big  History:  From  the  Big  Bang 
to  the  Present 

B31  Cynthia  Stokes  Brown  '60. 
The  New  Press,  2007.  288  pages.  $25.95. 
Brown  intertwines  biology,  archaeology, 
physics,  geology,  and  astronomy  into  an 
overarching  account  of  global  history,  one 
that  recognizes  the  relatively  short  nature 
of  human  history  and  simultaneously  cele- 
brates it  as  the  pinnacle  achievement  of 
natural  evolution.  Topics  range  from  pre- 
historic geology  and  the  Black  Death  to 
global  warming  and  economic  disparities 
among  regions. 

Global  Pentecostalism: 
The  New  Face  of  Christian 
Social  Engagement 

B;y  Donald  E.  Miller  and  Tetsunao  Yamamori 
Ph.D.  '70.  University  of  California  Press , 
2007.  263  pages.  $24.95,  paper. 

After  taking  four  years  to  travel  the  world 
and  visit  twenty  different  countries,  Miller 
and  Yamamori  assemble  the  pieces  of  a 
religious  phenomenon — a  mass  Christian 
influence  penetrating  the  developing  world. 
With  fresh  religious  and  social  insights, 
the  authors  chronicle  the  practices  and 
trends  of  modern  Pentecostal  ministries  in 
less  economically  developed  countries, 
correcting  outdated  misconceptions  and 
examining  the  scope  of  this  movement. 


The  accompanying  DVD  contains  footage 
of  interviews  with  Pentecostal  religious 
leaders,  worship  ceremonies,  a  religious 
demonstration,  and  social  ministry  work. 

The  Sweet  Life 

By  Lynn  York  79.  Plume,  2007.  290  pages. 
$14.00,  paper. 

In  her  second  novel,  York  returns  to  small- 
town Southern  life,  providing  a  window 
into  the  charm,  grace,  and  simplicity  that 
it  offers — most  of  the  time.  Roy  Swan  and 
piano  teacher  Miss  Wilma  are  living  a 
happy  life,  eight  years  after  he  courted  her 
and  won  her  over,  but  that  changes  one 
day  when  Miss  Wilma's  granddaughter, 
Star,  shows  up.  The  relationship  between 
Star  and  her  estranged  father,  Harper,  dis- 
rupts the  quiet  streets  of  the  town,  and 
things  become  even  more  complicated 
when  Roy's  health  begins  to  suffer. 

The  Idea  of  Cuba 

B^  Alex  Harris,  with  an  essay  by  Lillian 
Guerra.  University  of  New  Mexico 
Press/Duke  Center  for  Documentary  Studies, 
2007.  152  pages.  $50.00. 

A  former  student  of  the  famed  American 
photographer  Walker  Evans  and  a  current 
professor  of  public  policy  and  documentary 
studies  at  Duke,  Harris  photographed 
Cuba  in  the  late  1990s  and  early  2000s 
with  the  intent  to  reveal  an  authentic 
sense  of  the  Cuban  national  character,  one 
filled  with  tenacity,  heroism,  and  hope  for 
a  better  future.  Harris'  photographs  cap- 
ture street  scenes,  monuments,  and  people. 
In  photographs  and  text,  he  reflects  on  the 
constant  physical  and  spiritual  presence  of 
national  hero  Jose  Marti.  In  her  essay, 
Guerra,  a  daughter  of  Cuban  exiles  who 
has  visited  the  island  several  times, 
explores  what  it  means  to  be  Cuban. 


52 


IX  IKH  MAGAZINE 


K     !0: 


\y  Vf-y't 


Alumni  Register 


i  -  -^ 


www.dukealumni.com 


■LlR 


£We  established  a  scholarship  fund 
to  help  out  the  kinds  of  kids  we  were." 


JOE  PAYNE  T'87,  B'91  AND  JOHN  PAYNE  T'90 


Let's  go  Duke:  President's  Dance, 
a  capella  concert,  and  friendly  reunions 
made  Homecoming  memorable 


Celebrating  Price 

Reynolds  Price  '55  has  had  an 
inestimable  impact  on  the 
Duke  community — as  teacher, 
author,  friend,  adviser,  alum- 
nus, and  mentor.  To  honor  his  contri- 
butions to  the  university  and  to  the 
larger  literary  canon,  a  three-day  jubilee 
is  planned  January  31  to  February  2. 


M%.% 


Bringing  It  Home 


Nearly  3,500  alumni  and  family 
members  visited  campus  in  October 
to  celebrate  Homecoming  week- 
end. Alumni  and  guests  visited  with 
old  friends;  attended  faculty  lectures,  stu- 
dent performances,  and  Duke  sporting 
events;  and  toured  new  buildings  that  have 
sprouted  since  they  graduated.  The  Half- 
Century  Club  Weekend,  aimed  at  alumni 
who  graduated  at  least  fifty  years  ago,  topped 
attendance  records  at  150.  The  annual  Pres- 
ident's Dance  on  Saturday  night  featured  a 
dance  band  in  addition  to  several  student 
performance  groups  and  attracted  nearly 
3,000  alumni  and  students. 

DukeReads  Launches 

How  do  two  people  at  the  opposite 
ends  of  a  political  spectrum — a  for- 
mer local  Ku  Klux  Klan  leader  and 
a  black  civil-rights  activist — become 
friends,  against  all  odds? 


In  the  summer  reading  selection  for  in- 
coming freshmen,  The  Best  of  Enemies,  author 
Osha  Gray  Davidson  chronicled  the  devel- 
opment of  this  unusual  relationship  and  its 
progression  from  distrust  to  mutual  respect. 

This  year,  the  Summer  Reading  Program 
and  Campus  Council  focused  on  bringing 
the  book,  set  in  Durham,  directly  to  stu- 
dents. Activities  during  first-year  orienta- 
tion included  a  tour  of  the  city  to  see  signif- 
icant locations  from  the  book  and  a  talk 
from  Ann  Atwater,  whose  friendship  with 
the  late  C.P.  Ellis  is  the  focus  of  the  book. 

Most  recently,  DukeReads,  a  new  pro- 
gram developed  through  the  Duke  Alumni 
Association  to  foster  intellectual  conversa- 
tions, brought  Davidson  and  Atwater  to  cam- 
pus for  the  program's  "inaugural  chat."  At 
the  event,  which  was  attended  by  some  350 
students,  faculty  members,  and  Durham  res- 
idents, Davidson  and  Atwater  stressed  the 
importance  of  communication  in  overcom- 
ing racial  tensions,  especially  in  the  early 
1970s  amid  court-ordered  desegregation  and 
its  accompanying  turmoil — the  backdrop  of 
Atwater's  and  Ellis'  first  encounters. 


The  schedule  includes  discussions, 
academic  panels,  staged  readings  from 
one  of  his  plays,  screenings  of  two  doc- 
umentary films  about  Price's  life  and 
teaching,  and  presentations  from  col- 
leagues and  former  students. 

Participants  include  Toni  Morrison, 
winner  of  the  Nobel  Prize  in  Literature; 
Pulitzer  Prize-winning  author  Richard 
Ford;  Hemingway/PEN  Award-winning 
novelist  Josephine  Humphreys  '67; 
PBS  talk-show  host  Charlie  Rose  '64, 
J.D.  '68;  and  literary  theorist  and  New 
York  Times  columnist  Stanley  Fish. 

For  more  information  about 
A  Jubilee  for  Reynolds  Price: 
50  years  a  Teacher  at  Duke,  visit 
uww.dukealumni.com/jubilee. 


January- February  2008         55 


Selections  from  University  Archives 

After  a  strong  push  from  the  Class  of  1 912,  the 
first  edition  of  the  Trinity  College  yearbook, 
or"annual"as  it  was  then  called,  debuted 
that  spring  with  the  title  of  The  Chanticleer. 
According  to  an  article  published  in  TheChronicleWaX 
year,  the  name  was  selected  from  more  than  100  stu- 
dent submissions. 

There  are  various  theories  as  to  why  The  Chanticleer, 
a  term  for  a  rooster  used  commonly  in  medieval  fables, 
was  chosen.  During  the  early  twentieth  century,  the 
rooster  was  used  as  a  popular  symbol  meaning  "an 
announcement  to  make"or"something  to  crow 
about."  Used  as  a  verb, "to  chanticleer"  means  to  crow. 
The  1912  volume  featured  rooster  icons  on  the  title 
page  and  endpapers  and  throughout  the  illustrations 
of  the  yearbook. 

Some  say  the  name  was  a  nod  to  the  "Nun's  Priest 
Tale" from  Chaucer's  The  Canterbury  Tales.  A  presenta- 
tion of  The  Canterbury  Pilgrims,  an  adaptation  of  the 
Tales,  had  been  made  at  Trinity  in  1911. 

But  also  during  that  era,  a  popular  actress,  Maude 
Adams,  appeared  in  Chantecler,  a  play  by  Edmond 
Rostand.  An  article  in  the  1937  Chanticleer  about  the 


yearbook's  history  gives  credence  to  the  idea  that  this 
was  the  inspiration  for  the  name. 

Then  there's  the  theory  based  on  the  notion — so 
far  unsubstantiated — that  a  rooster  was  the  mascot 
of  Trinity  College  before  the  Blue  Devil  was  adopted  in 
1 922.  Circumstantial  evidence  has  been  found  to  sup- 
port this  theory,  including  a  1919  photo  of  the  College 
Band  with  a  drum  decorated  with  the  icon  of  a  rooster. 
In  the  early  days  of  Trinity  College  in  Durham,  roosters 
and  chickens  were  a  common  sight  on  campus. 

Perhaps  the  answer  is  some  combination  of  the  four, 
or  none  at  all.  Whatever  the  case,  Trinity's,  and  then 
Duke's,  yearbook  has  been  called  The  Chanticleer,  or 
simply  Chanticleer,  every  year  since  then  except  1918 
and  1919. 

Because  so  many  students  left  for  military  service 
in  1918,  The  Chanticleerms  not  published  that  year. 
(The  Trinity  Archive  featured  senior  portraits  and  cover- 
age of  the  year's  activities.)  The  following  year,  the 
annual  was  entitled  Victory  in  celebration  of  the  end  of 
the  war  and  to  commemorate  the  twenty-one  Trinity 
College  students  who  lost  their  lives  in  World  War  I. 

— Tom  Harkins,  Associate  University  Archivist 

vnvw.lib.duke.edu/archives 


Something  to  crow  about:  band  photo 
from  1919  yearbook;  Chanticleer  covers 
from  1920  and  1912 


"There  was  a  lot  of  talk  going  on  but  not  a 

whole  lot  of  listening,"  Davidson  said.  "That 

was  the  key  to  this  story.  Ann  and  C.P.  not 

only  talked,  but  they  both  listened.  And  when 

|  they  listened,  amazing  things  happened." 

a      Atwater  recalled  her  misgivings  when 

#  Davidson  approached  her  about  the  book,  ad- 

I  mitting  that,  initially,  she  was  wary  because  of 

!  his  skin  color.  "I  didn't  trust  Osha  because 

he  was  white,"  she  said.  "During  that  time,  I 

wasn't  trusting  too  many  white  people. 

"But  after  he  played  with  my  two  grand- 
children, and  they  gave  him  their  pictures 
and  everything,  ...  I  said,  'Well,  if  he  loved 
them  good  enough  to  take  their  pictures,  I 
reckon  I  can  tell  him  a  few  stories.'  So  I 
started  talking,  and  I  haven't  shut  up  yet." 

The  video  podcast  of  the  discussion  is 
available  on  Duke's  iTunes  University  site. 
For  more  information  or  to  download  this 
session,  visit  www.dukereads.com. 

— Tina  Mao  '  1 1 


Alumnae  Weekend 


Billed  as  "two  days  of  enlightenment, 
interaction,  and  reflection,"  the 
Duke  Women's  Health  &  Wellness 
Weekend  delivered  that  and  more 
to  the  1 50  alumnae  and  friends  who  attend- 
ed the  campus  event  in  October.  Sponsored 
by  the  Duke  Alumni  Association  and  the 
Women's  Center,  the  program  featured  panel 
discussions  on  women's  health  issues  at 
every  stage  of  their  lives,  exercise  and  move- 
ment instruction,  and  concurrent  presenta- 
tions on  trauma,  nutrition,  alleviating  stress, 
and  faith  and  healing. 

The  weekend  began  with  panel  discus- 
sions about  women's  leadership,  followed  by 
a  kick-off  luncheon  featuring  keynote 
speaker  Kimberly  Jenkins  B.S.  '76,  M.Ed. 
77,  Ph.D.  '80,  a  Duke  trustee.  "The  real  bot- 
tom line  for  women's  health  at  Duke  is 
about  culture,"  she  said,  noting  that  her  con- 
versations with  undergraduate  women  high- 
light the  conflicting  cultural  pressures  they 
feel  to  excel  academically  while  adhering  to 
strict  norms  of  femininity. 

"The  gap  between  the  idealized  self  and 
the  core  self  means  that  students  feel  lonely 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Mind-body  harmony:  Alumnae  weekend  options 

included  yoga  class,  right,  and  keynote  by  integrative 

medicine  expert  Gaudet,  below 


and  isolated  even  when  they  are  in  a  crowd, 
because  they  are  not  known  in  a  real  and 
genuine  way,"  she  added. 

Jenkins  encouraged  those  in  attendance 
to  join  her  in  sharing  their  stories  with 
younger  women  and  to  consider  forming 
alumnae  mentorship  networks  that  would 
draw  inspiration  from  such  initiatives  as 
Northwestern  University's  Council  of  100 
or  the  Women's  Vision  Foundation's  Wise- 
Women  Council. 

On  Saturday  morning,  Tracey  Gaudet  '84, 
M.D.  '91,  director  of  Duke  Integrative  Med- 
icine, delivered  a  keynote  speech  about  the 
role  that  health  plays  in  physical,  sexual, 
mental,  and  spiritual  well-being.  In  the  af- 
ternoon, President  Richard  H.  Brodhead 
presented  an  update  on  the  Women's  Ini- 
tiative, a  project  launched  by  Brodhead's 
predecessor,  Nannerl  O.  Keohane.  The  initia- 
tive launched  a  series  of  efforts — parental- 
leave  policies,  expanded  child-care  options, 
mentoring,  equitable  hiring  and  pay  prac- 
tices for  female  faculty  members — designed 
to  improve  the  campus  experiences  for  wom- 
en throughout  the  Duke  community. 

"When  Duke  finishes  enumerating  the 
things  that  have  been  done  in  the  past  five 
years,  you  have  to  stop  and  say  that  is  im- 
pressive and  that  is  important,  but  you  can't 
stop  and  say  that  the  problem  is  solved," 
Brodhead  said.  "I  can  only  offer  you  a  sense 
that  we  have  worked  hard.  But  that  is  our 


obligation,  to  continue  to  work  hard  on 
these  issues." 

Brodhead  shared  information  about  the 
President's  Council  on  Women,  which  is 
responsible  for  developing  initiatives  such 
as  professional-development  opportunities 
for  junior  faculty  members,  the  continued 
study  of  undergraduate  campus  culture,  and 
educational  summits  that  would  bring 
together  graduate  and  professional  students, 
faculty  members,  alumni,  and  members  of 
the  local  community. 

The  Women's  Initiative  session  also  in- 
cluded comments  from  Donna  Lisker,  asso- 
ciate dean  of  undergraduate  education  and 
the  former  director  of  the  Women's  Center 
at  Duke,  and  Sterly  Wilder  '83,  executive 
director  of  alumni  affairs.  Wilder  discussed  a 


Ask  the  Expert 

I  was  hired  into  my  position  by  a 
wonderful  man  who  was  grooming  me 
to  become  his  successor.  I  was  surprised 
that  when  he  retired,  1  was  passed  over 
in  favor  of  someone  who  is  much 
younger  and  less  experienced  than  me. 
I  feel  like  I'm  training  her.  Should  1 
start  looking  for  another  job? 

This  situation  is  more  common  than 
you  might  think.  It  calls  for  a  good 
night  out  with  friends  to  vent  your 
anger  and  frustration  about  the 
unfairness  of  the  world  and  the  lack 
of  appreciation  you've  received  for 
your  hard  work. 

But  then  you  have  to  face  reality. 
Once  someone  has  become  your  boss, 
you  have  only  two  choices:  One  is  to 
embrace  the  situation  fully  and  offer 
to  help  wherever  you  can;  the  second 
is  immediately  to  start  looking  for 
another  position.  The  first  option  is 
tricky,  because  your  new  boss  may  per- 
ceive you  as  a  threat.  You  know  more 
than  she  does,  and  given  your  interest 
in  her  position,  she  may  question  your 
loyalty.  Unless  you're  prepared  to 
bend  over  backwards  to  make  your 
new  boss  successful,  it  will  be  hard  for 
you  to  continue  in  your  position. 

Before  you  make  a  definite  decision 
to  jump  ship,  however,  consider  hav- 
ing a  frank  discussion  with  the  person 
who  hired  your  new  boss.  Ask  for  hon- 
est feedback  on  why  you  didn't  get  the 
job  and  what  he  sees  as  your  future 
within  the  company.  Depending  on 
what  he  says,  consider  asking  to  leave 
by  mutual  agreement — along  with  a 
severance  package. 

Whatever  you  do,  don't  get  down 
on  your  old  mentor.  He's  probably 
as  saddened  by  the  situation  as  you 
are.  Instead,  enlist  his  support  in 
networking  and  exploring  alternative 
job  options.  He's  likely  to  be  your 
number  one  fan. 

— Sheila  Curran 


Curran  is  the  Fannie  Mitchell  Executive 

Director  of  the  Career  Center. 

The  Career  Center,  in  partnership  with 

the  DAA,  provides  career  advice  to 

alumni.  Send  questions  or  inquiries  to 

career-alumni@studentaffairs.duke.edu. 


January- February  2008 


Duke  Alumni  Association 

Board  of  Directors,  2007-08 

President:  Thomas  C.Clark '69 

President-elect:  Ann  Pelham  74 

Secretary-treasurer:  Sterly  L.  Wilder  '83 

Vice  Presidents: 

J.  Brett  Bennett  M.H.A. '86 

Ann  Wooster  Elliott  '88 

Amy  Schick  Kenney '96,  M.E.M. '98 

Hardy  Vieux  '93 

Derek  Moody  Wilson  '86,  M.B.A.  '90 

Duke  Magazine  Editorial  Advisory  Board  representative: 

Peter  Applebome '71 

Directors-at-large: 

Nelson  C.Bellido  '89 

Matthew  F.Bostock  '91 


Daniel  M.  Dickinson  B.S.E. '83 
Julia  Borger  Ferguson  '81 
ArtynHaig  Gardner '73 
William  Thomas  Graham '56 
Stacey  Maya  Gray '95 
Roseann  Viscomi  Hassey  '83 
Jeffrey  C.  Howard '76 
Theodore  J.  Humphrey  II  B.S.M.E.  '61 
Anne  DeVoe  Lawler  '75 
Jeremiah  O.Norton '00 
John  David  Ross  Jr. '92 
Caroline  Christy  Susman  '88 
Dawn  M.Taylor '89 
MelviaL  Wallace  '85 
James  V.Walsh '74 
Samuel  Wei  Teh  Wang '86 
Professional  school  representatives: 
Carmichael  Roberts  Jr.  '90,  Ph.D.  '95 
Graduate  School  of  Arts  and  Sciences 

Elizabeth  W.  Parker  M.B.A.  '85,  Fuqua  School  of  Business 
Amy  Schick  Kenney '96,  M.E.M. '98 

Nicholas  School  of  the  Environment  and  Earth  Sciences 
Timothy  R.  Davis  B.S.E.  '92,  Pratt  School  of  Engineering 
J.  Brett  Bennett  M.H.A. '86 

Department  of  Health  Administration 
Lori  Terens  Holshouser  '77,  J.D.  '80,  School  of  Law 
William  Cooke  Andrews  Jr.  '76,  M.D.  '80,  School  of  Medicine 
Martha  Cohn  Romney  B.S.N.  '77,  School  of  Nursing 
Holly  Eggert  Duchene  D.P.T.  '05 

Graduate  Program  in  Physical  Therapy 
Faculty  representatives: 
James  N.  Siedow, 

Professor  of  Biology  and  Vice  Provost  for  Research 
Thomas  W.  Robisheaux  '74,  Associate  Professor  of  History 
Student  representatives: 
Hasnain  Zaidi  '08,  President,  Class  of  2008 
Lauren  Lee-Houghton  '09,  President,  Class  of  2009 
Render  Braswell  '10,  President,  Class  of  2010 
Paul  Slattery  '08,  President,  Duke  Student  Government 
Crystal  Brown  L '08,  President, 

Graduate  and  Professional  Student  Council 
Honorary  members: 

N.  Allison  Haltom  '72,  Vice  President  and  University  Secretary 
William  E.  King  '61,  A.M.  '63,  Ph.D.  '70 

University  Archivist  Emeritus 
Suzanne  J.  Wasiolek  '76,  M.H.A.  '78,  LL.M.  '93 

Assistant  Vice  President  for  Student  Affairs 
Gerald  L.  Wilson  B.D.  '61,  A.M.  '68 

Senior  Associate  Dean,  Trinity  College 


new  alumnae  steering  committee  that  was 
set  up  for  the  women's  wellness  weekend 
and  will  be  in  place  to  suggest  future  pro- 
grams to  engage  alumnae.  The  DA  A  will 
also  survey  alumnae  about  other  campus 
weekend  programs  for  women.  Existing 
regional  clubs  programs,  such  as  the  Wom- 
en's Forum  in  Washington  and  New  York, 
could  be  replicated  in  other  cities. 

Athletic  Honors 

In  October,  the  Duke  Sports  Hall  of  Fame 
enshrined  five  new  members.  Their  por- 
traits were  added  to  an  already  crowded 
wall  in  the  lower  level  of  the  Schwartz- 
Butters  Building. 

The  inductees,  Robert  Cox  '34;  Jason 
Kreis  '95;  Christian  Laettner  '92;  Ellen  Rey- 
nolds B.S.E.  '86,  M.S.E.  '91;  and  Eric  Stein- 
house  '80,  were  also  honored  at  Duke's  Home- 
coming football  game. 

Cox,  who  played  football  at  Duke,  earned 
All-Southern  Conference  honors  as  a  full- 
back in  1933  after  leading  Duke  in  scoring 
with  eleven  touchdowns  as  the  team  went 
9-1  for  the  year.  He  served  the  athletics  de- 
partment in  a  variety  of  capacities  from 
1942  until  his  death  in  1978,  including  as- 
sistant football  coach,  men's  tennis  coach, 
and  associate  professor  in  the  physical-edu- 
cation department. 

Kreis  is  one  of  three  Duke  soccer  players 
to  have  earned  All-America  honors  in 
three  separate  seasons.  He  helped  the  Blue 
Devils  to  fifty-five  wins  in  his  four  seasons 
with  the  team,  finishing  his  career  with 
thirty-nine  goals  and  thirty-eight  assists.  A 
fifth-round  pick  of  the  Dallas  Burn  in  the 
inaugural  Major  League  Soccer  Draft  in 
1996,  he  went  on  to  become  the  first  player 
in  league  history  to  score  100  goals  and,  in 
1999,  was  the  first  American-born  player  to 
earn  the  league's  MVP  honor.  This  past 
spring,  he  was  named  head  coach  of  the 
MLS  franchise  Real  Salt  Lake. 

Laettner  is  one  of  the  most  decorated  stu- 
dent-athletes in  NCAA  history,  having 
guided  the  Duke  men's  basketball  team  to 
back-to-back  national  championships  in 
1991  and  1992.  He  was  a  three-time  All- 


America  selection  and  was  named  National 
Player  of  the  Year  in  1992.  He  is  the  NCAA 
Tournament's  all-time  leader  in  points,  free 
throws  made,  free  throws  attempted,  and 
games  played.  His  jersey  number,  thirty- 
two,  was  retired  by  Duke  in  February  of  his 
senior  year,  the  same  year  he  played  on  the 
U.S.  team  that  captured  the  gold  medal  at 
the  Olympic  Games  in  Barcelona,  Spain. 
He  went  on  to  enjoy  a  thirteen-year  profes- 
sional career  and  was  later  named  one  of 
the  ACC's  top-fifty  male  athletes  for  the 
first  fifty  years  of  the  conference. 

Reynolds  earned  All- America  honors  in 
1985  and  1986  in  the  10,000  meters  as  a  mem- 
ber of  Duke's  track  and  field  squad.  She  holds 
the  school  record  in  the  10,000-meter  run  at 
32:40:70  and  claimed  first  place  in  the  event 
at  the  prestigious  Penn  Relay  Champion- 
ships in  1985.  In  2002,  Reynolds,  Duke's  first 
two-time  women's  track  All-America  hon- 
oree,  was  named  to  the  ACC's  50th  Anni- 
versary Team  for  outdoor  track  and  field. 

Steinhouse,  a  swimmer,  was  a  three-time 
ACC  champion  in  the  breaststroke  compe- 
tition, winning  the  200-yard  event  in  both 
1977  and  1980  and  taking  first  place  in  the 
100-yard  race  in  1980.  In  his  final  season, 
he  was  named  the  MVP  of  the  ACC  Cham- 
pionship meet  and  earned  All-America 
honors  after  posting  top-ten  finishes  at  the 
NCAA  Championships  in  the  200-yard 
breaststroke  (fourth)  and  100-yard  breast- 
stroke  (ninth).  In  2002,  Steinhouse  was 
named  to  the  ACC's  50th  Anniversary  Team 
for  men's  swimming. 

The  Duke  Sports  Hall  of  Fame,  which  now 
has  1 1 7  members,  inducted  its  first  class 
in  1975. 


DUKEMAi    \ZINE 


Class  Notes 


WRITE:  Class  Notes  Editor,  Duke  Magarine, 
Box  90572,  Durham,  N.C.  27708 

FAX:  (919)  681-1659  (typed  only,  please) 

E-MAIL:  dukemag@duke.edu 

(Include  your  full  name,  address,  and  class  year.) 

CHANGE  OF  ADDRESS:  Alumni  Records, 
Box  90581,  Durham,  N.C.  27708. 
Please  include  mailing  label. 

E-MAIL  ADDRESS  CHANGES  TO:  bluedevil@duke.edu 

NOTICE:  Because  of  the  volume  of  class  note  material  we 
receive  and  the  long  lead  time  required  for  typesetting, 
design,  and  printing,  your  submission  may  not  appear 
for  three  to  four  issues.  Alumni  are  urged  to  include 
spouses'  names  in  marriage  and  birth  a 
We  do  not  record  engagements. 


■_:.    To  nominate  someone  for  the 

dors,  go  to  www.dukealumni.com/boardnominate2008 
ilete  the  online  form.  Or  send  names  and  qualifications 
(no  self-nominations,  please)  to  Sterly  Wilder  '83,  Executive 
Alumni  Affairs,  Box  90572,  Durham,  NC  27708;  sterly.wilde 
daa.duke.edu.  The  deadline  is  March  1. 


DAA 

inate2008 

itions 

e  Director, 

I 


Half-Century  Club 


Half-Century  Club:  We  want  to  know  what  you're 
doing — and  so  do  your  classmates.  Please  send  us 
information  about  your  career,  hobbies ,  trat'ek ,  grand- 
children, or  any  other  news  you'd  like  to  share. 

Robert  Glenn  Weaver  '43,  a  professor  emeritus  of 
English  at  Pennsylvania  State  University,  has  written 
a  chapbook  called  Baseball  Dreaming.  While  at  Duke, 
Weaver,  a  protege  of  Connie  Mack,  pitched  for  the 
baseball  team.  He  published  a  baseball  novel,  Go 
Home,  Nice  Guy,  in  1967.  He  lives  in  the  woods  near 
Whipple  Dam  and  Greenwood  Furnace,  Pa. 

Alvin  H.  Newman  '45  was  appointed  to  serve  on  the 


board  of  the  newly  created  Health  Leadership  Council 
of  the  Danville  Regional  Medical  Center  in  Virginia. 
Charles  A.  Reap  Jr.  '52  has  written  his  second 
novel,  M\  Friend  Sam,  a  story  of  the  difficulties  of 
male  friendship  in  a  rural  North  Carolina  town.  His 
first  novel,  Devil's  Game,  was  published  in  2006. 

John  H.  Gibbons  Ph.D.  '54,  Hon.  '97  was  awarded 
the  Lifetime  Achievement  Award  in  Energy'  Efficiency 
by  the  Alliance  to  Save  Energy. 

Jean  Faulkner  Beasley  '58  won  the  Animal 
Planet's  2007  Hero  of  the  Year  award  for  her  work  as 
founder  and  director  of  the  Karen  Beasley  Sea  Turtle 
Rescue  &  Rehabilitation  Center. 


1950s 


Frank  M.  Bell  Jr.  '59  was  named  one  of  The  Best 
Lauryers  in  America  2008.  He  works  for  Bell,  Davis  6k 
Pitt,  where  he  specializes  in  real-estate  law. 


1960s 


Alan  C.  Reynolds  '61  is  the  author  of  Sometimes  i 
Balance,  a  book  of  poetry.  He  lives  in  the  Netherlands 


William  H.  Lamb  '62  was  recently  voted  President 
Judge  of  the  Commonwealth  of  Pennsylvania's 
Court  of  Judicial  Discipline.  He  is  also  chair  of  Lamb 
McErlane,  a  law  firm  in  West  Chester,  Pa.  Lamb  serves 
on  the  President's  Advisory  Committee  on  the  Arts, 
an  advisory  board  of  the  John  F.  Kennedy  Centet  for 
the  Performing  Arts  in  Washington,  and  on  the 
Pennsylvania  Elections  Reform  Task  Force. 

David  W.  Long  '64  was  named  one  of  The  Best 

Lawyers  in  America  2008.  He  works  for  Poyner  & 
Spruill,  where  he  specializes  in  commercial  litigation 
and  criminal  defense. 

James  G.  Abert  Ph.D.  '66  was  named  distin- 
guished alumnu>  by  his  hii:h  school  in  Lancaster,  Pa. 
He  was  recognized  for  his  work  in  business  and 
academe,  as  well  as  his  service  in  the  Navy.  He 
has  been  deputy  assistant  secretary  of  the  Department 
of  Health,  Education  and  Welfare  and  a  visiting 
professor  at  Georgetown  University.  He  has  received 
two  Fulbright  Fellowships:  the  first,  to  Tokyo  Uni- 
versity to  research  rccvclini;  in  Japan;  the  second,  to 
study  resource  conservation  in  Europe  at  the  En- 
vironmental Institute,  University  College  in  Dublin, 
Iteland.  The  author  of  six  books,  he  is  currently  a 
member  of  Senior  Corps  of  Retired  Executives 
(SCORE)  and  a  visiting  scholar  at  Franklin  & 
Marshall  College. 


January- February  2008 


Philip  Mulford  79, 

promoting  constructive 
resolutions 

Philip  Mulford  has  heard 
many  misperceptions 
about  mediation:  It's  not 
legally  binding  (in  fart,  it 
is);  it  works  only  if  the  people 
involved  are  amicable  (it  works  even 
if  they're  hostile);  it's  only  for  simple 
cases  (usually,  the  more  complex  the 
case,  the  more  mediation  outshines 
the  alternatives). 

On  his  weekly  VoiceAmerica  Inter- 
net radio  talk  show,  Divorce  Mediation: 
Myths  &  Facts,  Mulford  works  to  edu- 
cate the  public  about  the  effective- 
ness of  mediation  as  an  alternative  to 
what  he  says  is  often  protracted  and 
costly  litigation.  "Mediation  is  turn- 
ing the  legal  system  upside  down  as 
more  and  more  people  recognize  the 
limitations  and  costs  associated  with 
litigation,"  he  says.  "Divorcing  cou- 
ples are  seeking  an  alternative." 

The  show,  now  entering  its  sec- 
ond year,  has  one  of  VoiceAmerica's 
fastest-growing  audiences.  In  its  first 
ten  months,  the  show  more  than 
tripled  its  listening  audience.  The 
Association  of  Attorney-Mediators,  a 
national  organization  promoting 
high  ethics,  standards  of  training, 
and  qualifications  for  attorney-medi- 
ators, recently  endorsed  the  show. 
Each  episode  features  Mulford  dis- 
cussing a  particulartheme,  and  lis- 
teners calling  in  with  questions. 
A  former  practicing  lawyer,  Mul- 


ford was  drawn  to  mediation  while 
working  in  the  aftermath  of  the  sav- 
ings-and-loan  crisis  in  the  1980s. 
Frustrated  with  the  contentiousness  of 
settlement  efforts  between  lenders 
and  borrowers,  Mulford  felt  that 
there  had  to  be  a  more  productive 
way  of  resolving  disagreements.  After 
exploring  the  relatively  unknown 
field  of  alternative  dispute  resolu- 
tion, he  opened  Mulford  Mediation 
in  1990,  with  the  idea  of  offering  a 
range  of  mediation  services.  Because 
of  the  complexity  of  separation  and 
divorce  issues  (including  child  cus- 
tody, alimony,  and  financial  and 
property  division),  Mulford  Media- 
tion, with  two  office  locations  in 
northern  Virginia,  now  focuses  pri- 
marily on  divorce  mediation,  as  well  as 
family-owned  business  mediation. 

"When  a  couple  comes  to  see  me,  I 
never  know  what  the  final  agreement 
will  look  like," says  Mulford.  "There 
will  almost  always  be  two  different 
versions  of  the  same  experiences — 
his  and  hers — and  both  of  those 
versions  are  correct,  legitimate,  and 
Wrongly  felt.  My  role  as  a  mediator  is 
to  help  people  create  solutions  and 
gain  control  over  their  lives  at  a  time 
when  everything  seems  out  of  control." 

Mediation  is  really  about  changing 
the  way  we  communicate,  he  says. 
"Communication  should  not  be 
about  doing  battle;  it  can  and  should 
be  peaceful  and  productive.  The  only 
way  the  process  works  is  if  the  medi- 
ator helps  both  people  walk  out  of 
the  room  feeling  that  they  have  ar- 


rived at  a  solution  that  is  mutually 
agreeable,  rather  than  forced  into  ac- 
cepting something  they  don't  want." 

He  cites  the  case  of  a  couple  on 
the  verge  of  separation.  The  wife  was 
fed  up  because  her  workaholic  hus- 
band was  never  home  with  the  family. 
During  mediation,  the  husband 
shared  his  perspective  of  feeling 
intense  pressure  to  earn  an  ever- 
higher  salary  to  cover  the  private 
schools,  showcase  home,  and  other 
amenities  he  thought  the  wife 
demanded. 

"I  asked  each  person  to  listen  to 
what  the  other  person  is  saying — 
not  to  agree  with  it  or  claim  to 
understand  how  that  person  is  feel- 
ing, because  no  one  can  own  some- 
one else's  feelings,"  says  Mulford. 
"What  I  help  people  do  is  identify 
what  it  is  they  really  want,  not  what 
they  assume  the  other  person  will  or 
won't  agree  to.  Because  often,  peo- 
ple— all  of  us,  not  just  couples  in 
mediation — make  conclusions 
based  on  assumptions  that  are,  for 
the  most  part,  incorrect." 

Through  his  radio  show,  Mulford 
would  like  to  change  the  culture  of 
divorce.  Today,  it's  often  a  destructive 
process,  he  says.  But  it  can  be  an 
opportunity  for  couples  to  plan  their 
future  and  the  future  of  their  chil- 
dren"^ a  creative  and  constructive 
manner  where  all  involved  treat  each 
other  with  respect  and  dignity,"  he 
says.  "And  that's  really  what  most 
people  want." 

— Bridget  Booher 


Samuel  Southern  '66  was  named  one  of  The  Best 
Lawyers  in  America  2008.  He  works  for  Smith  Moore 
and  specializes  in  health-care  law. 

Claiborne  B.  Gregory  Jr.  '67  has  been  named 
one  of  San  Antonio's  best  lawyers  in  the  August  2007 
issue  of  Scene  in  SA  Month!?.  He  is  a  partner  at  Jackson 
Walker,  where  he  specializes  in  business  transactions, 
including  bankruptcy,  securities,  and  mergers  and 

James  R.  Fox  '68,  J.D.  '71  has  been  named  one 
of  The  Best  Lawyers  in  America  2008.  He  works  for 
Bell,  Davis  &  Pitt,  where  he  specializes  in  commer- 
cial litigation. 

MARRIAGES:  Julia  Wolf  '68  to  Bob  Rausch  on 
April  27,  2006.  Residence:  Wilmington,  Del. 


1970s 


Barbara  C.  Ruby  '71  was  named  one  of  The  Best 
Lawyers  in  America  2008.  She  works  for  Smith  Moore, 
where  she  specializes  in  tax  law. 

Lynn  A.  Saville  '71  presented  an  exhibition  of  her 
black-and-white  photographs,  Night/Shift,  at  the 
Pensacola  Museum  of  Art. 

Christian  E.  Jensen  M.D.  '72  was  promoted  to 
chief  executive  officer  at  the  Delmarva  Foundation,  a 
health-care  quality  organization  in  Maryland. 

Charles  R.  Beaudrot  '73  earned  a  top  ranking  in 
the  field  of  tax  law  in  the  2007  Chambers  USA: 
America's  Leading  Lau^ers  for  Business.  He  is  a  partner 
with  the  Atlanta  office  of  Morris,  Manning  6k  Martin. 

Peter  E.  Broadbent  Jr.  '73  has  been  recognized 
in  the  2007  Virginia  Super  Lawyers  magazine.  He 
practices  business,  intellectual-property,  government, 
and  communications  law  as  a  partner  with  Christian 
&.  Barton  in  Richmond,  Va. 

Charles  I.  Bunn  Jr.  '73  is  serving  as  president  of 
the  Wake  Technical  Community  College  Faculty 
Association  for  the  2007-08  academic  year.  In  addi- 
tion, he  is  serving  as  chairman  of  the  accounting  ed- 
ucation committee  for  the  North  Carolina  Association 
of  Certified  Public  Accountants.  He  is  the  department 
head  for  accounting  faculty  at  Wake  Tech,  and  has 
been  a  faculty  member  for  nine  years.  He  is  the  owner 
of  a  Smithfield,  N.C.,  accounting  firm  and  has  been 
a  practicing  accountant  for  34  years. 

Diane  Holditch-Davis  B.S.N.  '73  has  been 
named  associate  dean  for  research  affairs  at  the  Duke 
School  of  Nursing.  She  will  be  responsible  for  the 
development  and  oversight  of  the  school's  research 
activities.  In  2007,  she  was  named  the  Marcus  Hobbs 
Distinguished  University  Professor  of  nursing. 

Blake  Shaw  Wilson  B.S.E.  '74  was  awarded  the 
Distinguished  Alumnus  Award  from  the  Pratt  School 
of  Engineering.  He  is  a  senior  fellow  at  RTI  Interna- 
tional, a  research  institute,  and  an  adjunct  professor 
in  the  department  of  surgery  at  Duke  Medical  Center. 
He  has  invented  most  of  the  speech-processing 
strategies  used  with  present-day  cochlear  implants. 

Carolyn  A.  Conley  '75,  Ph.D.  '84  is  the  author  of 
Certain  Other  Countries:  Homicide,  Gender,  and 
National  Identity  in  Late  Nineteenth-Century  England, 
Ireland,  Scotland,  and  Wales,  published  by  Ohio  State 
University  Press.  She  is  a  professor  of  history  and  act- 
ing director  of  graduate  studies  at  the  University  of 
Alabama-Birmingham. 

C.  James  Holliman  '75  recently  received  the 
Attending  of  the  Year  award  from  the  graduating 
emergency-medicine  residents  in  the  Pennsylvania 
State  University  Emergency  Medicine  Residency 


60         DUKE  MAGAZINE 


EDUCATIONAL  ADVENTURES  2008 


Duke 

ALUMNI    ASSOCIATION 
EDUCATION  &  TRAVEL 

Box  90572 

Durham,  NC  27708-0572 


^f 


Philip  Mulford  79, 
promoting  constructive 


Samuel  Southern  '66  was  named  one  of  The  Best 
Lawyers  m  America  2008.  He  works  for  Smith  Moore 
and  specializes  in  health-care  law. 

Claiborne  B.  Gregory  Jr.  '67  has  been  named 
one  of  San  Antonio's  best  lawyers  in  the  August  2007 
issue  of  Scene  in  SA  Monthly.  He  is  a  partner  at  Jackson 
Walker,  where  he  specializes  in  business  transactions, 
including  bankruptcy,  securities,  and  mergers  and 
acquisitions. 

James  R.  FOX  '68,  J.D.  71  has  been  named  one 
of  The  Best  Lawyers  in  America  2008.  He  works  for 
Bell,  Davis  &  Pitt,  where  he  specializes  in  commer- 
cial litigation. 

MARRIAGES:  Julia  Wolf  '68  to  Bob  Rausch  on 

April  27,  2006.  Residence:  Wilmington,  Del. 


1970s 


ford  was  drawn  to  mediation  while 
working  in  the  aftermath  of  the  sav- 


rived  at  a  solution  that  is  mutually 
agreeable,  rather  than  forced  into  ac- 


Barbara  C.  Ruby  '71  was  named  one  of  The  Best 
Lawyers  in  America  2008.  She  works  for  Smith  Moore, 
where  she  specializes  in  tax  law. 

Lynn  A.  Saville  '71  presented  an  exhibition  of  her 
black-and-white  photographs,  Night/Shift,  at  the 
Pensacola  Museum  of  Art. 

Christian  E.  Jensen  M.D.  '72  was  promoted  to 
chief  executive  officer  at  the  Delmarva  Foundation,  a 
health-care  quality  organization  in  Maryland. 


EDUCATIONAL  ADVENTURES  2008 


Please  send  information  on  the  following  programs: 


Duke 


Box  90572 

Durham,  NC  27708-0572 

Phone  (919)  684-5114 
Fax      (919)  684-6022 


Educational  Programs 
J  1  DukeReads 

□  2  Gateway  to  Educational  Programs 

Across  Duke's  Campus 
J  3  Marine  Exploration  Program 

January  17-23 
J  4  Reynolds  Price  Jubilee 

January  30-February  2 
_i  5  Nasher  Museum  Tour:  Dallas 

March  27-31 
J  6  Reunions:  Duke  Arts  and  Academics 

April  11-13 
J  7  Divinity  School  Pilgrimages 

MayorJuly25-August6 

□  8  29th  Duke  University  Writers  Workshop 

May  4-8 
J  9  Duke  Marine  Lab  Weekend  I  May  9-11 
J  10  OTS:  Costa  Rica  Eco-Adventures 

June  7-17, September  1-1  I.December 8-17 
J  11  Duke  Youth  Programs:  Sessions  I,  II,  or  III 
J  12  Duke  Marine  Lab  Weekend  II  Fall 
J  13  Nasher  Museum  Tour:  Los  Angeles 

October  30-November  3 
J  14  Homecoming:  Duke  Arts  and  Academics 

Fall 


Travel/Study  Programs 

□  15  Cruise  the  Panama  Canal 

January  20-31 
J  16  Tahiti  &  French  Polynesia 

February  10-18 
u  17  Alpine  Winter  Adventure 

February  16-23 
J  18  Amazon  Voyage 

February  22-March  2 

□  19  Moroccan  Discovery 

March  3-16 
J  20  Journey  Through  Vietnam 

March  19-April  3 
J  21  Southern  African  Odyssey 

March  21-April  8 
J  22  Historic  Cities  of  the  Sea 

April  30-May  11 
1 J  23  Island  Life:  Malta  &  Sicily 

May  7-15 
J  24  Cultural  Treasures  of  Japan 

May  17-31 
J  25  Spain:  Footsteps  of  El  Greco 

May  19-30 
:  J  26  China:  Medicine  &  Gardens 

May  25-June  6 


J  27  Alumni  College:  Greece 

May  29-June  9 
J  28  Danube  River  May  31  June  10 
_l  29  Alumni  College:  Italy 

June  11-19 
J  30  The  Louvre  in  Quebec 

June  20-24 
J  31  Land  of  the  Ice  Bears 

June  25-July  5 
J  32  Alumni  College:  Scotland 

July  6-15 
J  33  Russian  Treasures 

July  10-21 
J  34  The  Classical  World 

.    July  19-29 
J  35  Wyoming  Dude  Ranch 

August  3-9 
J  36  Cruise  the  Baltic  Sea 

August  4-11 
_i  37  The  Oxford  Experience 

September  7-20 
J  38  Alumni  College:  France 

September  23-October  4 
J  39  Pacific  Northwest 

September  29-0ctober  5 
J  40  China  Connoisseur  &  Tibet 

October  6-22 

□  41  Steelhead  Fishing  in  Idaho      i 

October  18-24 

□  42  Egypt  November  7-16 

□  43  From  Gibraltar  to  Patagonia 

November  20-December  22 
U  44  Belize  &  Guatemala  Explorer 

December  6-13 
J  45  Ecuador  &  Galapagos 

December  20-29 


EDUCATIONAL  ADVENTURES  2008 


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Explore 

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Duke 

ALUMNI   ASSOCIATION 

EDUCATION  &  TRAVEL 

PL  ♦ 


&0  DIFFERENTLY? 


Because  we're  dedicated  to  delivering 
three  key  elements  of  a  great  life. 
More  Time,  Healthier  Living  and 
Quiet  in  a  busy  world. 

MAI  DA  VALE  CHANGES 
THE  WAY  YOU  LIVE. 

Gate-attended  neighborhood. 
Home  designs  available  from  3,000  sf 
to  15,000  sf  Exclusively  Mediterranean 
architecture.  Community  Concierge. 
Prime  location  near  I-40/NC  54 
Chapel  Hill/Durham. 
Call  919-967-5500,  open  daily  at 
One  Maida  Vale  Place  or  visit 
www.maidavalenc.com 

Homes  from  the  upper  $700,000's. 
AMBIENCE  ARE  AN  AKi   FORM 


Developed  by  Maida  Vale,  LLC. 


Changing  the  Way  You  Live. 


Program.  The  residents  also  initiated  a  new  annual 
ongoing  award,  the  Jim  Holliman  Best  Teaching 
Resident  Award,  tor  the  emergency-medicine  resident 
demonstrating  the  best  teaching  effort  and  ability. 

Penny  Rue  75  was  appointed  vice  chancellor  of 
student  affairs  at  the  University  of  California-San 
Diego.  She  was  previously  dean  of  students  at  the 
University  of  Virginia. 

Steven  M.  Shaber  J.D.  76  was  named  one  of 
The  Best  Lawyers  m  America  2008.  He  works  for 
Poyner  &  Spruill,  specializing  in  administrative  law. 

John  W.  Lesesne  M.E.M.  77,  A.M.  79  has  been 
appointed  treasurer  and  chief  financial  officer  of  the 
General  Board  of  Higher  Education  and  Ministry,  a 
national  United  Methodist  Church  agency.  Previously, 
he  worked  for  Oak  Ridge  Associated  University,  a 
nonprofit  education  institution  in  Oak  Ridge,  Tenn. 

Maureen  Demarest  Murray  77  was  named  one 
of  The  Best  Lawyers  in  America  2008.  She  works  for 
Smith  Moore,  where  she  specializes  in  health-care  law. 

Bruce  H.  Stern  77  co-authored  a  book,  Litigating 
Brain  Injuries,  published  by  Thomson  West  and  AAJ 
Press.  He  is  a  shareholder  at  Stark  &  Stark  in 
Princeton,  N.J.,  and  was  recently  named  one  of  The 
Best  Lawyers  in  America  2008  and  recognized  in  the 
2007  New  Jersey  Super  Lawyers  magazine. 

Caroline  Hudson  Lock  78  was  named  one  of 
The  Best  Lawyers  in  America  2008.  She  works  for 

Smith  Moore,  where  she  specializes  in  worker's  com- 
pensation law. 

John  C.  Yates  78,  J.D.  '81  was  recognized  in  the 

2007  Chambers  USA:  America's  Leading  Lawyers  for 
Business  for  his  work  in  the  corporate  mergers  and 
acquisitions  field.  As  partner-in-charge  of  Morris, 
Manning  ek  Martin^  technology  group,  he  specializes 


2007-08  Iron  Dukes  Membership  Drive 

The  Iron  Dukes  Membership  Drive  is  in  full  swing  and 
will  run  through  February  15,  2008,  tor  competition  and 
incentive  rewards. 

How  to  Refer  a  New  Member  or  Sign  Up 

LOG  ON  TO  IRONDUKES.JNTET  Visit  our  online  giving 
site  which  is  available  24  hours  a  day,  7  days  a  week. 
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II 

IRON  DUKES 


Overview  of  Awards 


PC.i?m['.'rj';V)| 

^P^^ 

1          Q       $100 

Iron  Dukes  Hat  by  Nike                                      W 

5          ^      $1,000 

Iron  Dukes  Golf  Shirt  by  Nike                       , 

10         rfh      $5,000 

Iron  Dukes  Fleece                          ,^^^^^_     ^^H 
Jacket  by  Nike                                                        ^^^^H 

20         ^     $15,000 

Framed  Photo  from        B^J3»                    ^H^^ 
Blue  Devil  Photos           HnfSJ^T  | 

30         ^    $30,000 

Autographed  Ball  by                                           •  f^sF^/^ 
the  Team  of  Your  Choice                                  /  \yr<-  -m 

40         ^     $40,000 

2  Floor  Seats  to  a  select  Men's           mSES^SJ^^- 
Basketball  Home  ACC  Game             ^^^SMBl 

(excluding  the  Duke  vs.  North  Carolina  game)  w  I    3&^B|§ 

HM-'—M 

^formation  on  how  to  become  a 
>ur  new  Membership  Drive  log  ( 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


in  areas  of  software  law,  IPOs,  mergers,  acquisitions, 
Internet  law,  corporate  finance,  and  venture  capital. 
Thomas  R.  West  J.D.  79  was  named  one  of  The 

Best  Lawyers  in  America  2008.  He  works  for  Poyner  & 
Spruill,  where  he  specializes  in  administrative  law. 


1980s 


Nancy  Levine  Zisk  '80,  J.D.  '83  has  been  named 
an  associate  professor  at  Charleston  School  of  Law, 
where  she  also  serves  as  associate  dean  for  academic 
affairs.  She  has  been  on  the  faculty  since  2004  and 
was  named  professor  of  the  year  in  2006. 

Robin  J.  Stinson  '81  was  named  one  of  The  Best 
Lawyers  in  America  2008.  She  works  for  Bell,  Davis  & 
Pitt,  where  she  specializes  in  family  law. 

Mark  S.  Asperheim  '82  recently  launched  Mad 
Cave  Bird  Games  with  his  partnet,  Cris  Van  Oosterum. 
They  sell  a  family  game  based  on  the  principles  of 
Sudoku,  which  uses  colored  marbles  instead  of  num- 
bers. It  is  curtently  being  sold  in  200  stores  in  the 
U.S.,  Puerto  Rico,  and  Trinidad  and  was  chosen  as 
one  of  the  top  gift  choices  of  the  coming  holiday  sea- 
son by  Real  Simple  magazine. 

Daniel  Alan  Ruley  '82  was  named  one  of  The  Best 

Lawyers  in  America  _WS.  lie  works  tor  Bell,  Davis  & 
Pitt,  specializing  in  commercial  litigation. 

Paul  T.  Milligan  '83  has  been  named  co-chair  of 
the  Tort  Committee  of  the  Litigation  Section  of  the 
Boston  Bat  Association.  The  litigation  section  focus- 
es on  ttial  advocacy  befote  the  coutts  and  serves  as  a 
forum  for  discussion  leading  to  the  improvement  of 
individual  trial  skills.  He  is  an  officer  at  Nelson, 
Kinder,  Mosseau,  &  Saturley. 

Sol  W.  Bernstein  J.D.  '84  has  joined  the  legal 
department  of  Amalgamated  Bank  in  New  Yotk  as 
fitst  vice  president  and  assistant  general  counsel. 
Previously,  he  was  in  private  practice,  most  recently 
as  a  banking  partnet  at  Hettick  Feinstein.  He  lives  in 
Montclair,  N.J.,  with  his  wife,  Risa,  and  three  sons, 
Benji,  Ari,  and  Coby. 

Dorothy  Cilenti  '85  has  taken  a  position  with  the 
Institute  of  Public  Health,  part  of  the  UNC-CH  School 
of  Public  Health.  Her  work  will  focus  on  enhancing 
local  and  state  health  departments.  She  is  also  work- 
ing towatd  a  doctorate  in  public  health  at  UNC-CH. 

Victor  W.  Sparrow  B.S.E.  '85  was  elected  vice 
president-elect  of  the  Acoustical  Society  of  America, 
an  international  scientific  society  devoted  to  the  sci- 
ence and  technology  of  sound. 

Jack  G.  Griffin  Jr.  Th.M.  '86  has  joined  the  facul- 
ty of  Francis  Marion  University  in  Flotence,  S.C.,  as 
an  assistant  professor  of  speech  communications. 

Stephen  A.  Barnes  '87  graduated  from  Harvard 
Law  School  in  June  2007.  He  holds  a  medical  degree 
from  the  University  ot  K liclr LLian  and  completed  a 
general-surgery/surgical  oncology  fellowship  at  the 
Johns  Hopkins  University.  After  seven  years  as  a  sur- 
geon in  private  practice,  he  now  works  as  a  consultant 
and  lives  in  Boston. 

Elizabeth  Suwita  Lapadula  Ph.D.  '87  has 
joined  the  intellectual-property  department  of  the 
Dreier  law  firm  in  New  York.  In  addition  to  her  doc- 
torate in  pharmacology,  she  holds  a  J.D.  from  Pace 
University  School  of  Law.  Her  practice  focuses  on 
patent  litigation  in  areas  such  as  pharmaceuticals  and 
biotechnology.  She  previously  worked  as  a  staff  toxi- 
cologist  at  Texaco  Inc.  and  as  a  research  scientist  at 
Butioughs  Wellcome  &  Co. 

Jess  O.  Hale  Jr.  M.P.P.  '88  participated  in  the  2007 


Jon  Shain  '89,  putting 
down  musical  roots 


echnically,  Jon  Shain  hasn't 
used  the  history  major  he 
pursued  at  Duke  to  make  a 
living.  But  history  turned 
out  to  be  perfect  training  for  his  trade 
as  a  professional  musician  and  song- 
writer, sometimes  more  directly  than 
you'd  think.  "Poetry  and  Sin," the  lead- 
off  track  from  Shain's  2005  album 
Home  Before  Long,  paraphrases  an  old 
Mark  Twain  aphorism  in  the  chorus: 
"History  don't  repeat  itself,  but  it  sure 
does  rhyme." 

"There's  a  lot  of  writing  in  history, 
and  you  learn  to  present  an  argument 
and  be  persuasive," says  Shain,  a  native 
of  Haverhill,  Massachusetts.  "You  also 
learn  to  look  at  a  set  of  accounts  to  see 
trends,  so  it  makes  you  analytical.  That 
helped  lead  me  to  the  path  I'm  on.  I 
learned  a  lot  about  the  South  and  the 
African-American  experience  and  the 
Piedmont  blues  tradition  I  never  would 
have  encountered  had  I  stayed  in 
Massachusetts.  You  can  hear  the 
records  wherever  you  are,  but  that's  not 
the  same  as  meeting  a  seventy-five- 
year-old  bluesman  and  sitting  down  to 
talk  afterthe  show." 

In  Durham,  Shain's  first  mentor  was 
Mark  "Slewfoot"  McLaughlin,  whose 
"Blues Train  With  Slewfoot"  radio  show 
aired  on  Duke's  WXDU.  Slewfoot  hired 
Shain's  collegiate  blues-rock  band  to 
back  him  up,  and  also  gave  invaluable 
advice.  Shain  remembers  Slewfoot 
playing  Muddy  Waters  and  Howlin' 
Wolf  records  for  him  and  advising, 
"Listen  to  how  little  they  play.  You  play 
too  much." 

Through  Slewfoot,  Shain  met  other 
area  blues  elders,  including  Big  Boy 
Henry,  John  Dee  Holeman,  and 


Lightnin'  Wells.  By  the  time  Shain 
graduated,  he  was  playing  fingerstyle 
guitar  in  Flyin'Mice — an  improvisa- 
tional  acoustic  band  that  had  the  mis- 
fortune of  being  a  decade  ahead  of  its 
time,  in  that  they  predated  Americana, 
jamgrass,  and  other  niches  that  have 
blossomed  since  then. 

"We  had  fans  who  would  travel  to 
multiple  shows,  and  we  were  playing 
100  dates  a  year  from  New  England  to 
Florida,  as  far  west  as  Wisconsin,  with- 
out a  booking  agency  or  publicist," 
Shain  says.  "In  retrospect,  we  did  pretty 
well.  But  none  of  us  were  able  to  put 
any  money  into  our  pockets,  and  if  that 
goes  on  long  enough,  you  start  snip- 
ping at  each  other  until  it  finally 
implodes." 

Flyin'Mice  called  it  quits  in  1996. 
Aftera  short-lived  spinoff  group,  Shain 
released  the  first  of  his  five  solo  albums 
in  1999.  Since  then,  he  has  also  worked 
with  Dave  Mattacks,  drummer  for 
English  folk-rock  legends  Fairport 
Convention.  Between  performing  and 


teaching,  Shain  has  been  able  to  stay 
on  a  self-imposed  schedule  of  accom- 
plishments. 

"My  goal  was  to  be  making  a  living 
playing  music  by  the  time  I  was  thirty," 
he  says.  "The  goal  for  forty  was 
tougher — to  be  making  a  living  on  my 
own  music,  just  writing  and  perform- 
ing. On  the  other  hand,  that  goal  has 
become  less  important  as  I've 
embraced  teaching  more.  I  do  work- 
shops, it's  adults-only,  and  it's  great, 
very  satisfying.  As  for  fifty,  I'd  just  like 
to  get  there.  The  main  difference  is  I 
have  a  daughter  now,  and  everybody 
being  happy  and  healthy  is  more 
important. 

"So  the  goals  are  maybe  not  as  con- 
crete as  before,"he  adds. "It  would  be 
nice  to  keep  playing.  But  the  industry  is 
in  such  flux,  it's  not  clear  anybody  will 
even  be  buying  music  in  ten  years. 
Maybe  I  won't  make  CDs  anymore.  I 
hope  to  get  better  at  writing,  picking, 
and  singing,  because  that's  about  all  I 
can  control." 

— David  Menconi 


Menconi  is  the  music  editor  for  Raleigh's 
News  &  Observer  and  author  of  0ti  the 
Record.  For  more  on  Jon  Shain's  music, 
90fowww.jonshain.com. 


January- February 


annual  meeting  of  the  Uniform  Law  Commission.  He 
was  appointed  a  Tennessee  Uniform  Law  Commis- 
sioner in  2006  and  is  a  member  of  the  ULC  Legislative 
Committee.  He  is  a  senior  legislative  attorney  with 
the  General  Assembly  of  Tennessee  in  Nashville. 

BIRTHS:  First  child  and  daughter  to  Robert  L. 
Crigler  '84  and  Alice  Lowe  Crigler  on  July  26, 
2007.  Named  Mary  Leonard  Siewers. 


Jennifer  Farr ell  '04, 
international  athlete 


If  her  senior-year  plans  had 
come  to  pass,  Jennifer  Farrell 
would  be  wrapping  up  her 
final  year  of  medical  school 
right  about  now.  Instead,  the  Califor- 
nia native  is  living  in  Montpellier, 
France,  as  a  member  of  US  Team 
Handball  Women's  National  Team. 
Even  though  the  team  failed  to 
qualify  for  the  Pan  American  Games 
last  spring — and  thus  for  a  berth 
in  the  2008  Olympics — Farrell  and 
her  teammates  are  maintaining  an 
intense  training  schedule  so  that 
the  U.S.  can  compete  at  a  higher 
level  on  the  international  handball 
stage  and,  she  hopes,  bring  home 
the  gold  in  2012. 

Handball  was  not  on  Farrell's 
radar  when  she  was  an  undergradu- 
ate. With  a  dual  major  in  Hindi  and 
biology,  she  stayed  busy  with  her 
course  work,  her  extracurricular 
involvement  with  the  student-run 
Emergency  Medical  Services  group, 
and  as  a  standout  rugby  player,  both 
on  the  Duke  women's  team  and  as  an 
annual  participant  in  the  National 
Elite  All-Star  camp. 
As  graduation  neared,  Farrell  con- 


sidered pursuing  an  opportunity  to 
spend  a  year  in  Scotland  shadowing 
a  physician  in  preparation  for  apply- 
ing to  medical  school.  Out  of  the 
blue,  she  got  a  call  from  a  former 
rugby  coach  who  knew  that  the  Team 
Handball  Women's  National  Team 
was  looking  for  players.  Farrell  was 
invited  to  try  out,  and  by  October 
2004,  she  and  seventeen  other  young 
women  from  diverse  but  equally  ath- 
letic backgrounds  were  living  and 
training  in  Cortland,  New  York. 

A  fast,  physical  hybrid  of  soccer 
and  basketball,  handball  is  played  on 
an  indoor  court  that  is  slightly  larger 
than  a  basketball  court.  Games  con- 
sist of  two  thirty-minute  halves,  with 
only  one  timeout  per  team  per  half 
(the  only  other  time  the  clock  stops  is 
in  the  event  of  an  injury  or  at  the  ref- 
eree's discretion).  Players  score  by 
throwing  the  cantaloupe-size  ball 
past  a  goalkeeper  into  a  net.  To  move 
the  ball  up  the  court,  players  can 
dribble  (as  in  basketball)  for  an 
unlimited  amount  of  time,  run  with 
the  ball  for  up  to  three  steps  before 
and  after  dribbles,  and  hold  the  ball 
without  moving  for  three  seconds. 

Although  they  are  still  members 
of  the  U.S.  women's  handball  nation- 
al team,  Farrell  and  her  teammates 
are  gaining  broader  experience  by 


playing  with  higher-level  teams  in 
Europe  while  the  U.S.  Olympic  Com- 
mittee restructures  the  way  the 
men's  and  women's  national  teams 
are  governed.  Once  that  happens — 
most  likely  in  the  next  year  or  two, 
says  Farrell — the  team  will  recon- 
vene and  begin  competing  to  try  to 
qualify  for  the  2009  World  Cham- ' 
pionships. 

"My  new  coach  is  the  former  cap- 
tain of  the  French  National  Team,  and 
he's  also  spent  the  last  ten  years 
playing  for  one  of  the  top  teams  in 
the  European  Champions  League," 
says  Farrell.  "Not  only  is  he  a  champi- 
on handball  player,  but  he  also 
played  my  position — circle/pivot — 
so  there  is  a  lot  to  learn  from  him." 
(A  circle/pivot  plays  a  role  similar  to 
that  of  a  post  player  in  basketball.) 

When  she's  not  working  out 
with  the  French  team,  Farrell  takes 
French  classes  at  the  University  of 
Montpellier  to  improve  her  language 
skills,  climbs  and  camps  in  the 
Pyrenees,  and  plays  host  to  American 
teammates  who  come  to  town.  "I 
don't  feel  like  my  life  is  on  hold,"  she 
says.  "I  feel  that  for  the  rest  of  my  life 
this  is  something  that  I  will  be  happy 
and  proud  about." 


1990s 


Allyson  Walker  Haynes  '92  has  been  named  an 
associate  professor  at  Charleston  School  of  Law.  She 
teaches  contracts,  civil  procedure,  and  information- 
privacy  law  and  has  been  at  the  school  since  2004. 

Matthew  D.  McClain  '92  completed  a  two-year 
term  as  chair  of  the  department  of  family  medicine  at 
Forrest  General  Hospital  in  Hattiesburg,  Miss.  He 
lives  in  Hattiesburg  with  his  wife,  Tiffany,  and  their 
two  sons,  Dylan  and  Harrison. 

Christopher  A.  Jones  '93  has  been  named  part- 
ner in  the  Falls  Church,  Va.,  office  of  Whiteford, 
Taylor  &  Preston  in  the  bankruptcy  section.  Named  a 
"rising  star"  by  Virginia  Super  Lawyers  magazine,  he 
has  lectured  for  the  Virginia  Bar  Association's  bank- 
ruptcy section  and  served  on  the  faculty  for  a  Virginia 
bankers'  bankruptcy  reform  seminar. 

John  Pearson  B.S.E.  '95  is  the  author  of  Learn  Me 

Good,  a  novel  about  an  engineer's  transition  to  grade- 
school  teacher  after  being  laid  off  from  his  job.  The 
novel  is  based  on  his  real-life  experiences. 

Beth  Walla  Townsend  '95  has  been  named  part- 
ner in  Moses  &  Townsend.  She  has  worked  with  the 
Nashville,  Tenn.,  law  firm  for  six  years. 

Fabian  Eugene  Udou  Ph.D.  '96  co-edited  the 
recently  published  The  Christianity  Reader.  He  is  an 
assistant  professor  in  the  liberal-arts  and  theology 
programs  at  the  University  of  Notre  Dame. 

Husein  Cumber '97  is  deputy  chief  of  staff  at  the 
U.S.  Department  of  Transportation. 

MARRIAGES:  Kevin  E.  Mullen  '94  to  Jody 
Acevedo  on  April  8,  2006.  Residence:  Brookline, 
Mass  ...Maureen  Elizabeth  Richardson  '95  to 
Daniel  Haggstrom  on  April  22,  2006.  Residence: 
Lexington,  Ky...  Carey  Hartman  '96  to  Charles 
H.  Gray  on  April  21,  2007.  Residence:  Fort  Myers, 
Fla....Jed  Michael  Silversmith  '96toLaina 
Diamond  on  July  1,  2007.  Residence:  Washington... 
Elizabeth  Joanne  Geller  '97  to  George  Arthur 
Eihen  on  May  27,  2007.  Residence:  Chapel  Hill. . . 
Meranee  Phingbodhipakkiya  '98  to  Charles 
Roger  Naaman  on  May  12,  2007.  Residence:  San 
Francisco... John  Howell  Shadle  III  '98  to  Britta 
Lee  Schoster  on  June  30,  2007.  Residence:  Chapel  Hill. 

BIRTHS:  Twins,  first  daughter  and  second  son, 
to  Ashley  Power  O'Connor  '90  and  Lawrence  J. 
O'Connor  on  June  18,  2007.  Named  Allison  Brooke 
and  Bartholomew  George. .  .Second  child  and  son  to 
Lindy  Morris  Fishburne  '92  and  Rodes  Fishbume 
on  June  7,  2007.  Named  Beckett  Rodes... Third  child 
and  second  son  to  Allison  Stadler  Hendrix  '94 
and  Jimmy  Hendrix  on  April  3,  2007.  Named  Palmer 
William... First  child  and  son  to  Kevin  E.  Mullen 
'94  and  Jody  Mullen  on  July  18,  2007.  Named  Zachary 
Edward. .  .Triplets,  second  daughter  and  first  sons,  to 
Liza  DiLeo  Thomas  '94  and  Charles  W.  Thomas 
on  Jan.  22,  2007.  Named  Rosalie  Jane,  Mack  Louis, 
and  Jake  John. .  .First  child  and  daughter  to  Maureen 
Richardson  Haggstrom  '95  and  Daniel  Haggstrom 
on  June  21,  2007.  Named  Evelyn  Karen...  Second 
child  and  first  daughter  to  Patricia  Bowers 


64 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Hudson  '95  and  Jonathan  Andrew  Hudson 

'96  on  May  3 1,  2007.  Named  Claire  Inez. .  .First  child 
and  daughter  to  Jennifer  Petti  Kliewer  '96  and 
Jeffrey  Kliewer  on  Jan.  12,  2007.  Named  Abigail 
Day... First  child  and  daughter  to  Dina  G.  Glasofer 
'97  and  Sidney  Glasofer  '97  on  May  16,  2007. 
Named  Alexis  Molly. .  .Second  child  and  son  to  Jason 
Eli  Butler  '97  and  Carmen  Alexander  Butler 
'98  on  April  18,  2007.  Named  Troy  Alexander. .  .Third 
child  and  second  son  to  Devon  Smith  Jones 
Coleman  '98  and  John  Nathaniel  Coleman  '98, 
M.B.A.  '03  on  Dec.  14,  2006.  Named  Andrew  Joshua. 


2000s 


John  William  Neal  VI   00  entered  medical 
school  at  UNC-CH  this  past  fall.  After  college,  he 
was  a  volunteer  medical  assistant  at  Groote  Sthuur 
Hospital  in  Cape  Town,  South  Africa,  and  a  donor 
coordinator  and  tissue  preparer  at  the  Georgia  Eye 
Bank  in  Atlanta.  He  most  recently  worked  at  UNC's 
Thurston  Arthritis  Research  Center,  conducting 
research  on  cartilage  regeneration. 

Reid  Griffith  Fontaine  Ph.D.  '01  was  named  an 
assistant  professor  in  psychology,  policy,  and  law  at 
the  University  of  Arizona  and  will  teach  classes  in 
both  psychology  and  law. 

Anthony  M.  Pettes  B.S.E.  '01  graduated  from 
Stanford  University  with  a  master's  in  mechanical 
engineering  with  concentrations  in  nanoscale  heat 
transfer  and  MEMS  (microelectromechanical  systems). 
He  will  he  relocating  to  Beijing,  China,  to  develop 
business  strategies  for  new  nuclear  power  plants. 

Kelsey  M.  Weir  '02,  J.D.  '05  has  joined  the  Dallas 
office  of  Weil,  Gotshal  &  Manges. 

Lauren  N.  Moomjian  '03  received  her  M.D.  degree 
from  Thomas  Jefferson  University.  She  will  complete 
a  residency  at  Albert  Einstein  Medical  Center  in 
Philadelphia  and  a  radiology-diagnostic  residency  at 
St.  Luke's-Roosevelt  Hospital  in  New  York. 

Lisa  Jones  '04  joined  the  law  firm  Frantz  Ward  as 
an  associate  specializing  in  employment  law  and 
labor  relations. 

Christin  Spradley  '06  is  halfway  through  her  work 
with  the  Peace  Corps  in  Mali.  She  has  worked  on 
projects,  including  a  women's  garden,  the  develop- 
ment of  the  Malian  shea-butter  industry,  and  training 
for  midwives  and  matrons  from  the  local  villages. 

Melissa  Moriarty  '07  is  the  ambassador  assistant 
of  the  Orange  Bowl  Festival  for  2007  and  2008.  She 
will  help  in  the  planning  and  implementation  of  the 
Orange  Bowl  game  and  festival. 

Theresa  Poulos  '07  is  a  first-year  teacher  with 
Teach  For  America  at  the  new  East  Baton  Rouge 
Laboratory  Academy  in  Louisiana.  She  teaches 
ninth-grade  math  and  a  fine-arts  survey. 

MARRIAGES:  Alicia  Joann  Forward  01  to 

Richard  Law  Orloski  on  May  26,  2007.  Residence: 
Allentown,  Pa...  Jill  Gentry  01  to  Robert  A. 
Leandro  '01  on  Aug.  4,  2007.  Residence:  Raleigh... 
Elizabeth  Ann  Hildenbrand  01  to  Andrew 
O.Wirmani  on  July  28,  2007.  Residence:  Dallas... 
Lisa  R.  Barry  02  to  David  S.  Frist  02  on  Aug. 
5,  2007.  Residence:  Atlanta... Dorian  Jay  Bolden 
02  to  Taineisha  Cellel  Sledge  04  on  Aug.  18, 
2007.  Residence:  Durham... David  S.  Frist  '02  to 
Lisa  R.  Barry  '02  on  Aug.  5,  2007.  Residence: 
Atlanta... Martha  Walker  Noel  02  to  Peter  B. 
Kellner  on  Aug.  25,  2007.  Residence:  New  York... 
Paul  C.  Easton  02  to  Aura  M.  Obando  02  on 
Aug.  11,  2007.  Residence:  Philadelphia. ..Dana  Lea 


Tyree  '02  to  Christopher  Stephen  Frey  on  July  14, 
2007.  Residence:  Huntington,  NY...  Rebecca 

Louise  Kristol  04  to  Elliot  Adam  Silver  '04  on 

May  27,  2007.  Residence:  New  York... Taineisha 
Cellel  Sledge  04  to  Dorian  Jay  Bolden  '02  on 
Aug.  18,  2007.  Residence:  Durham... Sean  M. 
Kedrowski  05  to  Emma  Margaret  Bourdillon 

'07  on  June  30,  2007.  Residence:  Pasadena,  Calif. 
BIRTHS:  First  child  and  son  to  Erica  Lynn 
Williams  Cummings  01  and  David  Douglas 
Cummings  '02  on  May  21,  2007.  Named  Landon 
William... First  child  and  daughter  to  Heather 
Condon  Jeffcoat  DPT  '02  and  Devon  Michael 
Jeffcoat  M.D.  '04  on  June  9,  2007.  Named  Kieran 
Elise... First  child  and  daughter  to  Laura  Edge 
Kottkamp  M.B.A.  '03  and  Nathan  Kottkamp  on 
April  30,  2007.  Named  Alice  Taliaferro  Lear. 


First  Annual  Meeting  of 

The  Society  for  Spirituality, 

Theology,  and  Health 

June  25-27,  2008  Durham,  NC 

R.  David  Thomas  Center 

vv.dukespiritualityandhealth.org 

/education/national. html 


CENTER  FOR    SPIRITUALITY 

THEOLOGY  and  HEALTH 

DUKE      U 


E  R 


T  Y 


IT  S  NOT  THE  BUILDING. 


It's  the  people. 

People  love  the 
spaciousness  of  our 
apartments.  And 
rave  over  our  cottages 
with  their  granite 
counter  tops.  But  at 
Croasdaile  Village,  the 
story  is  not  in  the  size 
or  appeal  of  our  living 
units.  The  real  story 
is  the  depth  and  personalities  of  our  residents. 

For  a  visit  and  complimentary  lunch,  call  Carol  Roycroft  at 
(919)  384-2475  or  email  at  CarolR@umrh.org.  You'll  come  for 
the  tour  but  come  back  for  the  people. 


(X 

IR0ASDAILE 
^VILLAGE 

A  Continuing  Care  Retirement  Community 


January- February  2008         65 


Deaths 


Experience  all  the  pleasures  of  our  gracious  Inn.  Shady  pine-scented 

fairways. ..a  sparkling  pool. ..elegant  guest  rooms  and  four-diamond 

dining.  A  warm  welcome's  waiting  for  our  friends  from  Duke. 

Luxurious  rooms  &  suites  •  Restaurants  &  golf-view  dining  terrace 
Pool,  sundeck  &  fitness  center  •  Top-ranked  golf '•  Executive  Conference  Center 


Washington  Duke 
Inn  &  Golf  Club 


3001   CAMERON  BOULEVARD,  DURHAM,  NC  27705 
800.443.3853     919.490.0999     WASHINGTONDUKEINN.COM 


A  taste 
of  college, 

a  taste  of  I  Harvard 


Every  summer  a  vibrant  community  of  high  school  seniors,  juniors,  and 
sophomores  attend  Harvard  Summer  School.  Living  as  college  students  and 
taking  college  courses  gives  them  the  confidence  to  succeed  as  they  move 
toward  a  bright  academic  future. 

I  academics      •      College  prep      •      Tutoring  and  advising 


HARVARD  SUMMER  SCHOOL 
Secondary  School  Program 
www.ssp.harvard.edu 


George  C.  Hoopy  '31  of  Lower  Allen,  Pa.,  on  July 
12,  2007.  After  graduation,  he  worked  with  the 
Pennsylvania  Department  of  Revenue  as  inheritance 
tax  inspector  and  the  public  utility  commission  as 
supervisor  of  common  carriers.  In  1935,  he  founded 
the  Hoopy  Insurance  Agency.  An  active  member  of 
his  community,  he  was  a  founding  member  of  the 
West  Shore  Businessmen's  Association  and  a  partici- 
pant in  countless  other  organizations.  He  is  survived 
by  a  nephew  and  several  nieces. 

Royden  E.  Daniels  '32  of  Elizabeth  City,  N.C.,  on 
July  11,  2007.  He  was  a  retired  co-owner  and  opera- 
tor of  the  Globe  Fish  Co.  and  a  former  member  of  the 
local  advisory  board  of  First  Citizens  National  Bank. 
He  is  survived  by  two  sons,  four  grandchildren,  and 
six  great-grandchildren. 

Eliza  Cummings  Phillips  '32  of  Brookhaven, 
Mass.,  on  July  12,  2007.  For  70  years  she  was  an 
active  member  of  the  First  Presbyterian  Church  of 
Brookhaven  as  the  founder  ot  its  church  kinder- 
garten, a  Sunday  school  teacher,  and  an  elder.  She 
was  also  a  founder  of  Brookhaven  Junior  Auxiliary 
and  a  member  of  the  Daughters  of  the  American 
Revolution,  Climbers  Club,  and  Colonial  Dames. 
She  is  survived  by  four  daughters,  1 1  grandchildren, 
and  three  great-grandchildren. 

Iredell  "I.M."  Scott  '32  of  Lumberton,  N.C.,  on 
July  13,  2007.  After  college,  he  joined  his  family's 
business,  Scotts  Inc.,  a  plumbing  and  heating  compa- 
ny. He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Jewel;  five  daughters, 
including  Sondra  Scott  Barnes  '61  and  Cary 
Scott  Battle  '71;  a  son;  1 1  grandchildren;  and  two 
great-grandchildren. 

John  H.  Schrack  M.Ed.  '37  of  Myerstown,  Pa.,  on 
July  25,  2007.  He  was  a  guidance  counselor  for  22 
years.  During  that  time,  he  helped  form  the  Pennsyl- 
vania School  Counselors  Association  and  was  a  life 
member  and  past  president  of  the  organization.  He 
served  as  treasurer  of  the  South  Berks  Retired  School 
Employees  Association.  He  is  survived  by  a  daughter, 
a  brother,  three  grandchildren,  and  tour  great-grand- 
children. 

James  M.  Stuckey  A.M.  '37,  Ph.D.  '40  of 
Decatur,  Ala.,  on  July  14,  2004.  He  was  a  research 
chemist  and  worked  for  NASA  and  Martin  Marietta. 
He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Audrey,  and  a  sister. 

Walter  S.  Lenox  '38,  J.D.  '41  of  Columbus,  N.J., 
on  July  12,  2007.  An  Army  veteran  of  World  War  II, 
he  participated  in  the  invasion  ot  Italy,  including  the 
campaigns  of  Naples  and  Rome.  He  was  a  lawyer  and 
executive  vice  president  for  30  years  with  Toplis  & 
Harding  in  New  York.  He  is  survived  by  three  daugh- 
ters; a  sister;  a  brother,  Richard  F.  Lenox  '45;  and 
three  grandchildren. 

Norvin  A.  "Jack"  Perry  '38  of  Carrollton,  Ky., 
on  Dec.  18,  2004.  While  at  Duke,  he  was  on  the  staff 
oi  The  Chronicle  and  a  member  of  the  Alpha  Tau 
Omega  fraternity.  He  earned  his  M.B.A.  from  Harvard 
in  1940.  He  is  survived  by  a  daughter  and  two  sons. 

Charlotte  M.  Weller  '38  of  North  Manchester, 
Ind.,  on  April  1,  2007.  She  taught  private  school  in 
Miami  for  12  years  and  was  a  member  of  the  Junior 
Leagues  of  Miami  and  Washington.  She  was  also  a 
founding  member  of  the  Children's  Museum  in  Miami 
and  a  published  poet.  She  is  sutvived  by  her  husband, 
Arthur;  two  sons,  including  Worth  H.  Weller  '68; 
a  brother;  a  sister;  and  five  grandchildren. 

Mabel  J.  Wingfield  '38  of  Whiteville,  Va.,  on 
July  15,  2007.  She  held  sevetal  different  positions 
after  leaving  Duke,  including  society  editor  of  the 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Whiteville  Neus  Reporter,  recreational  hostess  for 
Atlantic  Coast  Line  Luxury  Trains,  and  secretary  to 
the  chief  health-education  consultant  tor  the  U.S. 
Public  Health  Service.  She  was  also  a  charter  mem- 
ber of  the  North  Carolina  Press  Women  and  was 
appointed  chair  of  the  woman's  division  of  Columbus 
County  for  the  war-finance  program  during  the  sixth 
and  seventh  war-bond  drives.  She  is  survived  by  two 
sons,  six  grandchildren,  and  two  great-grandchildren. 

John  B.  Jones  '39  of  Duncansville,  Pa.,  on  Aug. 
30,  2005.  He  received  his  bachelor's  with  a  major  in 
botany  from  Duke  before  earning  his  M.Ed,  from 
Pennsylvania  State  University. 

Armand  Edwards  Singer  A.M.  '39,  Ph.D.  '44  of 
Morgantown,  W.Va.,  on  July  12,  2007.  He  taught 
French  and  Spanish  at  West  Virginia  University  for 
40  years,  beginning  as  a  teaching  fellow  and  retiring 
as  professor  emeritus  in  1980.  He  continued  to  teach 
a  graduate  course  until  1995,  as  well  as  courses  in  the 
Appalachian  Lifelong  Learners  program.  In  addition 
to  teaching  languages,  he  directed  the  program  in  the 
humanities  from  1963  to  1972.  For  many  years,  he 
edited  the  West  Virginia  University  Philological 
papers,  serving  as  editor  in  chief  from  1951  to  1952 
and  1955  to  2004.  In  1990,  he  received  the  Fourth 
Annual  Humanities  Award  from  the  West  Virginia 
Humanities  Council.  In  2000,  he  and  his  wife  estab- 
lished the  Armand  E.  and  Man'  W  Singer  Professor- 
ship in  the  humanities  at  West  Virginia  University. 
He  is  survived  by  a  daughter. 

Stuart  Brandon  Leland  '40  of  Hendersonville, 

N.C.,  on  June  30,  2007.  He  served  with  the  Army 
Signal  Corps  during  World  War  II.  Following  his  mil- 
itary sen-ice,  he  began  a  career  in  radio  broadcasting, 
working  in  stations  in  Connecticut  and  Massachu- 
setts. He  also  taught  sixth  grade  from  1958  to  1962  in 


Simsbury,  Conn.  An  avid  ham-radio  enthusiast,  he 
worked  for  the  American  Radio  Relay  League  from 
1977  to  1983.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Elizabeth; 
two  sons;  two  daughters;  five  grandchildren;  and  two 
great-grandchildren. 

Howard  O.  Schmidt  B.S.M.E.  '40  of  Richmond, 
Ind.,  on  July  10,  2007.  He  worked  in  management  at 
Alcoa,  retiring  in  1982  after  42  years.  He  is  survived 
by  his  wife,  Margaret;  three  daughters;  seven  grand- 
children; and  three  grear-grandchildren. 

Roger  A.  Williams  M.Ed.  '40  of  Apopka,  Fla.,  on 
July  18,  2007.  From  1942  to  1946,  he  served  in  the 
Army  Air  Corps,  attaining  the  rank  of  major.  He 
worked  as  a  coach,  teacher,  and  principal  in  Bonifay, 
Fla.,  and  Brinson,  Ga.,  before  becoming  the  principal 
of  Apopka  High  School.  He  was  president  of  the 
Florida  High  School  Activities  Association  for  eight 
years  and  helped  found  the  Orange  Belt  Athletic 
Conference.  After  retirement,  he  worked  as  a  repre- 
sentative of  the  National  Beta  Club.  A  street  in 
Apopka  is  named  after  him.  He  is  survived  by  his 
wife,  Elizabeth;  two  children;  and  tour  grandchildren. 

Kilmer  S.  Bortz  '41  of  Lutherville,  Md„  on  July  4, 
2007.  He  enlisted  in  the  Navy  in  1941,  was  assigned 
to  Bombing  Squadron  11,  and  flew  during  the 
Guadalcanal  campaign.  Two  years  later,  he  was  reas- 
signed to  Bombing  Squad  13,  which  later  became  one 
of  the  most  decorated  squadrons  in  the  Pacific 
Theater.  In  October  1944,  the  squad  pilots  located 
and  sank  the  Japanese  battleship  Miivishi.  For  his 
service,  he  was  awarded  two  Navy  Crosses  and  three 
Air  Medals  and  was  honorably  discharged  with  the 
rank  of  lieutenant.  After  the  wat,  he  worked  for 
Western  Pest  Service  in  Washington,  later  moving  to 
Baltimore  as  branch  manager.  He  is  survived  by  his 
wife,  Gloria;  three  sons;  two  stepsons;  two  stepdaugh- 


ters; 15  grandchildren;  and  eight  great-grandchildren. 
Archibald  G.  Martin  M.D.  '41  of  La  Feria,  Texas, 
on  Jan.  31,  2007.  He  earned  his  B.S.  in  1938  from 
Randolph  Macon  College. 
Robert  J.  Wetmore  '41,  M.D.  '44  of  Pinehurst, 
N.C.,  on  Feb.  19,  2006.  He  was  a  World  War  II  Army 
veteran.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Jane;  a  son, 
Robert  Evans  Wetmore  BSE.  '70;  a  daughter; 
a  sister,  Marion  Wetmore  Henry  '45;  a  grandson; 
and  two  cousins,  William  H.  Wetmore  Jr. 
B.S.M.E.  '43  and  Kathryn  M.  Magruder  '71. 
Harold  E.  Piatt  '42  of  Parkville,  Md.,  on  Julv  9, 
2007.  A  Navy  veteran  of  World  War  II,  he  served  in 
a  Seabees  naval  construction  battalion.  Following  his 
discharge,  he  worked  as  a  cost  accountant  for  Cities 
Service  Co.,  first  in  New  York  and  then  in  Tulsa, 
Okla.  He  retired  as  a  financial  vice  president  after 
more  than  30  years  with  the  company.  He  is  survived 
by  a  daughter,  two  sons,  seven  grandchildren,  and 
four  great-grandchildren. 

Luther  John  Roberts  Jr.  M.D.  '42  of  Columbus, 
Ga.,  on  July  25,  2007.  A  major  in  the  Army  Medical 
Corps,  he  served  during  World  War  II  in  both  New- 
Caledonia  and  the  Philippines.  He  practiced  general 
surgery  and  medicine  in  Columbus  for  40  years,  serv- 
ing for  five  years  as  chief  of  staff  for  St.  Francis 
Hospital.  He  was  the  longest-serving  chief  of  staff  in 
the  history  of  the  institution.  After  his  retirement,  he 
worked  for  the  public  health  department.  He  is  sur- 
vived by  five  daughters,  seven  grandchildren,  and 
seven  grear-grandchildren. 
Elizabeth  Crews  Hedgepeth  '43  of  Pinetops, 
N.C.,  on  July  3,  2007.  She  is  survived  by  two  daugh- 
ters, a  son,  a  sister,  a  brother,  and  six  grandchildren. 
Eugene  Patton  Price  '43,  A.M.  '48  of  Erwin, 


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Tenn.,  on  July  28,  2007.  During  World  War  II,  he 
served  in  the  Army  Air  Corps.  In  1994,  he  retired 
after  45  years  at  Milligan  College,  where  he  taught 
economics,  money  and  hanking,  accounting,  and 
corporate  finance,  among  other  subjects.  During  his 
tenure  at  Milligan,  he  also  directed  the  placement 
office  and  acted  as  chair  of  the  professional  learning 
department  of  economics  and  business  administra- 
tion. While  at  Milligan,  he  received  the  Fide  et 
Amore  Distinguished  Service  Citation,  the  Faculty 
Appreciation  Award  from  the  student  body,  and 
the  George  Washington  Award  on  behalf  of  the 
Freedoms  Foundation  for  his  speech  "Three  Cheers 
for  America."  He  served  the  community  as  the  lieu- 
tenant governor  and  governor  of  the  Tennessee- 
Kentucky  district  of  Kiwanis  International,  among 
other  positions.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Edyth; 
brother,  Albert  Price  M.S.  '38;  grand-niece  Karen 
Price  '92;  grand-nephew  Michael  Price  '95;  and 
cousins,  including  Lloyd  Brown  B.S.E.  '49  and 
Neely  Harris  00. 

Banks  R.  Cates  Jr.  M.D.  '44  of  Charlotte,  on  July 
22,  2007.  He  served  as  a  medical  officer  in  the  Navy 
in  World  War  II  and  the  Korean  War.  A  respected 
member  of  the  Charlotte  medical  community,  he  was 
also  active  in  the  American  Heart  Association.  He  is 
survived  by  his  wife,  Sandra;  eight  children,  includ- 
ing Mary  Carlson  B.S.E.  '89;  a  brother;  14  grand- 
children; and  five  great-grandchildren. 

Dolores  Bloom  Courshon  '44  of  Miami,  on  July 

17,  2007.  After  rearing  tour  children,  she  made  her 
home  in  Aspen,  Colo.,  before  returning  to  Miami. 
She  was  an  avid  reader  and  supporter  of  charitable 
causes,  including  many  cultural  and  arts  organiza- 
tions. She  is  survived  by  her  husband,  Jack;  four  chil- 
dren; seven  grandchildren;  and  a  great-grandchild. 

Gaines  Ray  Jeffcoat  B.S.M.E.  '44  of  Opp,  Ala., 
on  Jan.  1 1 ,  2006.  He  served  as  president  of  various 
companies,  including  Opp  and  Micolas  Mills  Inc., 
Alabama  Textile  Manufacturing,  and  the  Alabama 
Chamber  of  Commerce.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
Opp  Hall  of  Fame  and  the  Lions  Club.  He  is  survived 
by  his  wife,  Audrey;  two  sons;  three  grandchildren; 
and  one  great-grandchild. 

William  F.  Patrick  '45,  A.M.  '47  of  Stone 
Mountain,  Ga.,  on  July  18,  2007.  He  served  in  the 
Navy  during  World  War  II.  After  Duke,  he  attended 
Southern  Baptist  Theological  Seminary  in  Louisville, 
Ky.  He  was  a  pastor  for  various  churches  before 
becoming  a  hospital  chaplain  at  Valley  Hospital  in 
Ridgewood,  N.J.  He  is  survived  by  two  sons,  two 
brothers,  and  five  grandchildren. 

Jean  McCaskill  Moseley '46ofGoleta,Calif., 
on  June  16,  2007.  After  earning  her  B.S.  in  botany 
from  Duke,  she  went  on  to  get  het  M.S.  from  Cornell 
in  1949.  She  returned  to  college  in  1980  to  earn 
another  bachelor's  degree  from  Cal  Tech.  She  is  sur- 
vived by  a  daughtet  and  a  son. 

Marjorie  White  Lohwater  '47  of  Huron,  Ohio, 
on  June  24,  2007.  She  was  employed  by  the  Hatha- 
way Brown  School  for  Girls.  She  was  also  chair  of  the 
mathematics  department  of  Cuyahoga  Community 
College  and  adjunct  professor  of  mathematics.  She  is 
survived  by  two  daughters,  a  son,  a  brother,  and  two 
'jjandchildten. 

Troy  James  Barrett  B.D.  '48  of  Cary,  N.C.,  on 
July  9,  2007.  He  was  an  ordained  minister  of  the 
United  Methodist  Church,  North  Carolina  Con- 
ference. A  staff  member  at  various  organizations,  he 
served  as  N.C.  Conference  directot  of  youth  work 
and  N.C.  State  ditector  of  Methodist  student  work. 
He  also  worked  on  the  staffs  of  the  North  Carolina 
Christian  Advocate  in  Greensboro,  the  Methodist 
Orphanage  in  Raleigh,  and  the  Methodist  Retire- 


PUKE  MAGAZINE 


merit  Home  in  Durham.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife, 
Robbie;  three  sons;  and  eight  grandchildren. 

Robert  T.  Holt  '48  of  Beckley,  W.Va.,  on  July  23, 
2007.  After  graduating  from  high  school,  he  joined 
the  National  Guard  and  was  called  to  active  duty. 
During  World  War  II,  he  served  at  many  different 
posts,  including  the  Canal  Zone  in  Panama,  the 
Galapagos  Islands,  and  Foggia,  Italy.  He  was  awarded 
the  Distinguished  Flying  Cross  and  the  Air  Medal 
with  two  Oak  Leaf  clusters.  After  graduating  from 
Duke,  he  earned  aJ.D.  at  the  University  of  Florida. 
He  practiced  law  in  Pennsylvania  until  he  was 
recalled  to  active  duty  in  the  Korean  War  by  the  Air 
Force.  He  served  as  a  judge  advocate  until  1970, 
when  he  retired  with  the  rank  of  lieutenant  colonel. 
During  this  time,  he  served  a  post  in  Yokohama, 
Japan,  where  he  received  the  Order  of  the  Sacred 
Treasure  from  the  emperor  of  Japan.  After  retiring,  he 
joined  Joseph  B.  Rogers  Jr.  as  a  partner  and  legal 
counsel.  He  eventually  purchased  a  Rogers  satellite 
company,  Mobile  Lifts  Inc.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife, 
Jean  Rogers  Holt  '48;  three  children;  a  brother; 
three  sisters;  and  four  grandchildren. 

Marvin  D.  Rosenthal  '48  of  Palm  Beach,  Fla.,  on 
March  11,  2007.  He  graduated  with  a  major  in  eco- 
nomics. He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Harriet,  and  a 
daughter. 

Edward  L.  Lamer  B.S.C.E.  '49  of  Springfield,  Va., 
on  July  3,  2007.  He  was  a  civil  and  industrial  engi- 
neer. He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Emily;  three  daugh- 
ters; four  grandchildren;  and  two  great-grandchildren. 

Arthur  Remington  "Bill"  White  B.S.C.E.  '49 
of  Gloucester,  Va.,  on  July  23,  2007.  After  Duke,  he 
earned  an  M.S.  from  the  Georgia  Institute  of 
Technology.  When  he  was  52,  he  donated  his  fishing 
boat  to  the  United  Methodist  Church,  which,  in 
turn,  donated  it  to  Haiti.  As  a  result,  he  began  a  life- 
long dedication  to  helping  Haitians,  with  six  church- 
es and  seven  wells  constructed  in  Haiti  according  to 
his  designs.  He  also  built  the  Tovar  Clinic,  now  a 
government-licensed  health  center.  He  is  survived  by 
his  wife,  Alice;  four  children;  and  nine  grandchildren. 

Thomas  R.  Greenleaf  '50  of  Chester  County, 
Pa.,  on  May  31,  2007.  A  member  of  the  Naval 
Reserve,  he  later  became  president  and  CEO  of 
Chemical  Leaman.  He  also  served  on  the  board  of 
directors  of  the  American  Trucking  Association  and 
as  president  of  the  National  Tank  Truck  Carriers.  He 
is  survived  by  his  wife,  Jane  Chivers  Greenleaf 
'50;  four  sons;  a  brother;  and  five  grandchildren. 

Katharine  Moseley  Crumpton  '51  of  Richmond, 
Va.,  on  July  25,  2007.  As  a  student,  she  was  a  member 
of  the  Duke  Players.  She  is  survived  by  her  husband, 
Kenneth;  a  daughter;  two  sons;  eight  grandchildren; 
and  thtee  great-grandchildren. 

Wallace  B.  Frierson  '51  of  Huntsville,  Ala.,  on 
June  10,  2007.  After  serving  in  the  Air  Force,  he 
practiced  family  medicine  in  Shelbyville,  Tenn.,  and 
Huntsville.  He  served  as  medical  director  at  the 
NASA  Marshall  Space  Flight  Center  during  the 
Apollo  missions.  While  teaching  at  the  University  of 
Alabama  at  Huntsville  medical  school,  he  recorded 
"Family  Doctor"  segments  for  a  local  TV  station.  He 
is  survived  by  his  wife,  Pat;  two  daughters;  a  sister; 
and  two  grandchildren. 

Robert  H.  Grahl  '52  of  Asheville,  N.C.,  on 
Sept.  7,  2004.  At  Duke,  he  was  a  member  of  the 
Duke  Players  and  graduated  with  a  bachelor's  degree 
and  a  major  in  political  science. 

Margaret  J.  Allen  Green  R.N.  '51  of  Salisbury, 
N.C.,  on  June  30,  2007.  She  volunteered  at  the 
Rowan  Medical  Auxiliary,  Rowan  Helping  Ministries, 
Habitat  for  Humanity,  Meals  on  Wheels,  and  the 


American  Red  Cross.  She  is  survived  by  three  daugh- 
ters, a  son,  and  eight  grandchildren. 

Carl  Hugo  Richter  '52  of  Greenwich,  Conn.,  on 
July  14,  2007.  He  served  in  the  Army  during  the  Ko- 
rean War.  After  the  war,  he  worked  with  the  Liggett 
Group  for  20  years,  eventually  becoming  manager  of 
product  development  international.  During  this  time, 
he  was  listed  in  Who's  Who  in  North  Carolina.  In 
1978,  he  joined  International  Flavors  and  Fragrances 
Inc.  and  later  received  the  International  Science  and 
Technology  Cooperation  honor  prize  from  the  State 
Tobacco  Monopoly  Administration  of  China.  He  is 
survived  by  his  wife,  Lois,  and  a  son. 
Kathleen  Bennett  Black  '53  of  Durham,  on 
Nov.  25,  2006.  She  was  a  medical  technician  at  Duke 
Medical  Center  before  retirement.  She  is  survived  by 
her  husband,  James;  three  daughters;  two  sons;  and 
seven  grandchildren. 

George  Harrill  Coppala  B.S.M.E.  '53  of  St. 
Albans,  W.Va.,  on  July  14,  2007.  After  graduating 
from  Duke,  he  was  awarded  a  direct  commission  of 
second  lieutenant  in  the  Air  Force  in  1953  and  was 
released  at  the  end  of  the  Korean  War.  He  was  subse- 
quently dratted  that  following  December  and 
assigned  to  Ellsworth  Ait  Force  Base  in  Rapid  City, 
S.D.  After  his  second  release,  he  held  numerous  posi- 
tions in  engineering  during  his  36-year  career  with 
Union  Carbide.  He  retired  as  director  of  engineering 
for  polylefins  in  1989.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife, 
Carolyn;  a  son;  a  daughter;  a  brother;  and  three 
grandchildren. 

Jeannine  B.  Shoemaker  53  of  Burlington, 

N.C.,  on  June  9,  2007.  At  Duke,  she  majored  in  edu- 
cation and  was  a  member  of  Zeta  Tau  Alpha. 

George  Franklin  Magee  M.D.  '54  of  Reno, 
Nev.,  on  June  28,  2007.  He  served  two  years  on  the 
staff  of  the  eye  clinic  at  the  U.S.  Naval  Hospital,  St. 
Albans,  N.Y.,  before  he  was  honorably  discharged  as 
lieutenant  commander.  He  joined  his  father's  oph- 
thalmology practice  in  Reno.  He  served  on  the  staffs 
of  St.  Mary's  Hospital,  Washoe  Medical  Center,  and 
the  VA  Hospital.  He  was  in  private  practice  for  42 
years.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Jane;  three  daugh- 
ters; two  sisters;  and  four  grandchildren. 

Don  Morton  KnottS  '56  of  Albemarle,  N.C.,  on 
July  10,  2007.  He  was  retired  from  Jefferson-Pilot  Life 
Insurance  Co.  and  was  active  for  over  30  years  with 
the  Stanly  County  Association  for  Retarded  Citizens. 
He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Jane;  two  sons;  two  broth- 
ers; and  two  grandchildren. 

Vincent  M.  Schroder  Ph.D.  '56  of  Gainesville,  Fla., 
on  Nov.  8,  2005.  He  served  with  the  Army  Corps  of 
Engineers  in  England  during  World  War  II.  He  re- 
tired in  1986  from  the  Institute  of  Food  and  Agricul- 
tural Services  and  the  agronomy  department  at  the 
University  of  Florida,  where  he  had  worked  since 
1955.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Beverly;  two  sons; 
two  daughters;  a  brother;  and  four  grandchildren. 

Donald  Kempler  B.S.M.E.  '57  of  Newark,  N  J., 
on  July  8,  2007.  At  Duke,  he  was  a  member  of  the 
Zeta  Beta  Tau  fraternity.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife, 
Hindy;  three  children,  including  Debra  Lynn 
Kempler  Freundlich  '81;  a  sister;  a  brother, 
Roger  Kempler  '59;  and  six  grandchildren. 

Sara  Doane  Hough  '58  of  Dunnellon,  Fla.,  on 
March  31,  2006.  She  graduated  from  Duke  with 
a  major  in  sociology.  She  is  survived  by  her  husband, 
Willis;  two  daughters;  a  son;  a  brother;  and  six 

grandchildren. 

Richard  Albin  Starr  B.S.E.E.  '58  of  Allison  Park, 
Pa.,  on  July  19,  2007.  An  electrical  engineer,  he  was 
the  owner  of  Starr  Engineering  and  vice  president  of 
Applied  Control  Systems  Inc.  He  is  survived  by  his 


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January-  February  2008 


LIGHT  UP  YOUR 

LOVE  LIFE 

Date  fellow  graduates,  faculty, 

and  students  of  Duke, 

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wife,  Claudia;  six  daughters;  a  brother;  and  four 
grandchildren. 

Paul  Cullum  Gentry  '59,  B.D.  '63  of  Avon  Park, 
Fla.,  on  July  21,  2007.  He  served  as  pastor  in  several 
country  churches  in  North  Carolina  before  moving 
to  Avon  Park  to  serve  as  chaplain,  and  eventually 
headmaster,  of  the  Highland  School  for  Girls.  Aftet 
five  years,  he  became  a  teacher  at  Avon  Park  High 
School.  He  later  became  assistant  principal,  a  posi- 
tion he  held  for  17  years.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife, 
Doris;  two  daughters;  and  four  grandsons. 

Stacy  Selph  B.D.  '59  of  Lakeland,  Fla.,  on  July  1, 
2007.  During  World  War  II,  he  served  in  the  Army 
Air  Corps.  A  Methodist  minister,  he  was  a  pastor  at 
various  chutches  in  Florida,  retiring  in  1991  aftet 
10  yeats  at  Melrose  Park  United  Methodist  Church 
in  Fort  Lauderdale.  He  was  honored  in  2007  for 
having  been  ordained  for  50  years.  He  is  survived  by 
his  wife,  Elizabeth  Anne;  two  daughters;  and  four 
grandchildren. 

Millard  F.  Jackson  '61  of  Bryn  Mawr,  Pa.,  on  Oct. 
9,  2005.  At  Duke,  he  majored  in  psychology  and  was 
a  member  of  both  the  concett  and  marching  bands. 

Karen  Gilliland  Packer  '61  of  Marshalltown, 
Iowa,  on  June  5,  2007.  After  leaving  Duke,  she 
attended  the  University  of  Kentucky,  where  she 
majored  in  zoology.  She  worked  as  a  cancer 
researcher  at  the  University  ot  Iowa  from  1981  to 
1986.  In  1987,  she  co-founded  the  Marshalltown 
Cancer  Support  Group,  a  volunteet  organization  that 
provides  educational,  emotional,  and  spiritual  sup- 
port to  atea  cancer  patients  and  their  families.  In 
1992  and  1993,  she  was  included  in  Who's  Who  m 
Science  and  Engineering,  and  in  1995,  she  was  named 
volunteer  of  the  year  and  given  the  Hero  Award  by 
Coping  Magazine.  She  is  survived  by  her  husband, 
Allan;  a  son;  a  stepson;  a  brother;  two  granddaugh- 
ters; and  a  great-granddaughter. 

Eugene  E.  Derry berry  '64,  J. D.  '70  of  Roanoke, 
Va.,  on  July  5,  2007.  He  was  commissioned  as  an  offi- 
cer in  the  Navy,  serving  on  the  USS  Fort  Snelling  in 
the  Atlantic  and  Mediterranean.  He  participated  in 
the  evacuation  of  Amet ican  citizens  during  the 
Dominican  Republic  revolution  and  the  successful 
deep-water  recovery  of  an  intact  hydrogen  bomb  fol- 
lowing an  accidental  midair  collision  off  Palomares, 
Spain.  In  1973,  he  joined  the  Roanoke  law  firm 
Gentry,  Locke,  Rakes  and  Moore.  He  was  included  in 
The  Best  Landers  in  America  20C5-0b  and  was  named 
one  of  Virginia's  Legal  Elite  in  2006  by  Virginia 
Business  magazine.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Joanne; 
two  sons,  including  Wesley  Eugene 
Derryberry  '04;  a  sister;  and  a  brother. 

William  H.  Cracknell  Jr.  M.Ed.  '66  of  Alliance, 

Ohio,  on  Oct.  28,  2005.  He  was  in  the  military  for  39 
years,  starting  in  1949  when  he  enlisted  in  the  Naval 
Resetve.  He  was  selected  to  attend  officer  candidate 
school  in  1957  and  was  commissioned  as  an  ensign. 
He  received  many  commendations,  including  the 
Bronze  Star,  the  Navy  Achievement  Medal,  and  sev- 
eral meritorious  service  medals.  His  career  included 
service  in  Vietnam.  He  retited  in  1988  as  the  com- 
mander of  the  naval  intelligence  command  in 
Suitland,  Md.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Jeanne;  four 
children;  two  sisters;  and  seven  grandchildren. 

Joseph  Williams  Price  M.F.  '66  of  Albuquerque, 
N.M.,  on  July  17,  2007.  He  worked  for  the  U.S.  Forest 
Service  for  39  years.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Donna 
Douglas  Price  '63;  two  sons;  and  a  brother. 

Steven  L.  Smith  '67  of  Marietta,  Ga.,  on  July  19, 
2007.  He  worked  for  Fulton  National  Bank  before 
becoming  a  real-estate  investment  officer  tor 
Prudential,  the  Citadel  Group,  Travelers,  and 
Metlife.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Jane;  a  son;  his 


parents,  Robert  P.  Smith  41  and  Page  Thacker 

Smith  '42;  two  brothers;  and  two  sisters. 
John  P.  Jones  Ph.D.  '69  of  Buffalo,  N.Y.,  on  July  2, 
2007.  He  received  an  M.A.  in  political  science  from 
the  University  of  Notre  Dame.  In  1954,  he  moved  to 
Metz,  France,  as  an  education  adviser  to  the  Army. 
Upon  his  return  to  the  U.S.  four  years  later,  he  taught 
at  various  high  schools  and  served  on  the  Amherst 
(N.Y.)  School  Board  from  1969  to  1975.  He  also 
taught  at  the  University  of  Buffalo  and  Fredonia  State 
College.  As  an  educator  he  worked  at  many  places 
outside  the  traditional  education  system,  including 
the  Attica  and  Collins  correctional  facilities,  where 
he  taught  college-level  coutses  at  night  to  inmates. 
He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Vonnie,  and  two  sons. 

Ronald  W.  Wells  '71  of  Atlanta,  on  April  26, 

2007.  He  received  a  law  degree  from  the  University 
of  Florida  in  1981  and  an  LL.M.  from  Emory  Univer- 
sity in  1987.  A  partner  in  the  law  firm  Smith,  Gambrell 
&  Russell,  he  also  served  is  an  officer  in  the  Air  Force. 
He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Judy;  a  son;  his  mothet;  a 
sister;  and  three  grandchildren. 

Harmon  L.  Wray  Jr.  M.Div.  '71  of  Nashville, 
Tenn.,  on  July  24,  2007.  He  earned  his  undergraduate 
degree  at  Rhodes  College.  A  lifelong  anti-death 
penalty  activist  and  advocate  for  "restorative"  crimi- 
nal justice,  which  emphasizes  repairing  the  harm 
caused  by  criminal  behavior,  he  received  a  lifetime 
achievement  award  from  the  National  Coalition  to 
Abolish  the  Death  Penalty.  He  was  minister  to  the 
inmates  at  the  Rivetbend  Maximum  Security 
Institution  in  Nashville  for  many  years.  He  also 
served  as  executive  ditector  of  Restorative  Justice 
Ministties  for  two  years  for  the  United  Methodist 
Board  of  Global  Ministries  and  was  the  author  of  the 
book  Restorative  Justice:  Moving  Beyond  Punishment. 
As  an  adjunct  professor  at  Vanderbilt  Divinity 
School,  he  developed  a  course  that  took  students 
inside  the  Riverbend  prison  to  learn  alongside 
inmates,  and  at  the  time  of  his  death,  he  was  working 
to  expand  that  model  to  other  schools,  including 
Duke  Divinity  School.  He  is  survived  by  his  longtime 
partner,  Judy  Parks,  and  his  mother. 
Ethan  Victor  Howard  M.F.  '73  of  Auburn,  N.H., 
on  July  10,  2007.  He  worked  for  the  Manchester,  N.H., 
Water  Works  for  34  years.  He  also  served  22  years  in 
the  Army  National  Guatd.  He  was  a  president  and 
director  of  the  Rockingham  Woodland  Owners 
chapter  of  the  New  Hampshire  Timberland  Owners 
Association.  A  dogsled  musher  for  12  years,  he  was  a 
member  of  the  New  Hampshire  Snowsledders.  He  is 
survived  by  his  wife,  Lynne;  three  sons;  a  daughter; 
his  father;  a  sister;  and  eight  grandchildren. 

Linda  J.  Briscoe  A.M.  '74  of  Albuquerque,  N.M., 
on  Sept.  13,  2006.  She  graduated  from  Duke  with  a 
master's  degree  in  English. 

John  L.  Olivier  M.H.A.  '75  of  Canandaigua,  N.Y., 
on  April  9,  2007.  He  served  in  the  Navy  and  was  vice 
president  of  Excellus  in  Syracuse.  He  was  also  a 
trustee  for  the  village  of  Honeoye  Falls,  N.Y.,  for  12 
years.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Sally;  two  daughters; 
a  sister;  and  two  grandchildren. 

Samuel  Cornelius  Rhyne  Ed.D.  '77  of  Dallas,  N.C., 
on  March  5,  2005.  He  worked  for  the  Gaston  County 
school  system  fot  39  years.  He  was  also  a  mayor  of 
Dallas,  N.C.,  and  a  member  and  chair  of  the  Gaston 
Memotial  Hospital  board  of  directors.  He  is  survived 
by  his  wife,  Gladys;  two  sons;  a  daughter;  a  brother; 
five  grandchildren;  and  tour  great-grandchildren. 

Mark  Dwight  Mashburn  M.Div.  '87  of  Kerners- 
ville,  N.C..  on  July  26,  2007.  He  was  an  ordained 
elder  in  the  United  Methodist  Church  and  served  on 
both  the  district  and  conference  committees  through- 
out his  career.  He  chaired  the  Western  North  Caro- 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Una  Conference  Committee  on  Worship  and  was  also 
a  national  formation  officer  tor  the  order  of  St.  Luke, 
a  liturgical  worship  order.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife, 
Neil;  two  sons;  and  a  sister. 
F.  Bruce  Williams  J.D.  '88  of  Durham,  on  July  16, 

2007.  After  graduating  from  high  school,  he  joined 
the  Army  and  served  as  an  air  traffic  controller  in 
Germany.  He  was  a  partner  with  Womhle,  Carlyle, 
Sandridge,  and  Rice  and  a  former  commissioner  of 
the  14th  Judicial  Bar  Association  and  the  N.C. 
General  Statutes  Commission.  He  is  survived  by  his 
wife,  Barbara;  his  mother;  and  three  sisters. 

Heath  Maynard  Kelly  '99  of  Charlotte,  on  Oct. 
4,  2007.  He  was  active  in  the  Duke  community,  serv- 
ing in  the  marching  band,  jazz  band,  Modern  Black 
Mass  Choir,  and  the  Black  Student  Alliance.  He  was 
also  a  member  of  the  Iota  Xi  chapter  of  the  Kappa 
Alpha  Psi  fraternity.  After  graduating  with  a  major  in 
political  science,  he  worked  as  a  land  surveyor  for  the 
city  of  Charlotte  and  as  a  financial  adviser  for 
MetLife  insurance.  At  the  time  of  his  death,  he  was 
serving  as  a  financial-planning  supervisor  for  Van- 
guard Financial  Services.  He  was  an  active  member 
of  the  Duke  Club  of  Charlotte.  He  is  survived  by  his 
mother,  two  brothers,  a  sister,  and  a  grandmother. 

Professor  Emeritus  Parker 

Joseph  B.  Parker  Jr.,  91,  of  Durham,  died  September 
1,  2007.  He  served  his  residency  at  Duke  University 
Hospital  from  1946  to  1948  and  then  joined  Duke's 
psychiatric  staff  in  1949.  He  was  a  professor  of  psychi- 
atry at  Duke  Medical  Center  from  1970  to  1984. 
Parker  later  became  professor  emeritus. 

After  graduating  with  a  B.S.  from  the  University 


of  Tennessee  in  1939,  he  received  his  M.D.  from  the 
University  of  Tennessee  Medical  School  in  Memphis 
in  1941  and  performed  his  internship  at  Knoxville 
General  Hospital  from  1941  to  1942. 

He  earned  the  rank  of  lieutenant  commander 
while  serving  primarily  in  the  South  Pacific  in  the 
U.S.  Naval  Medical  Corps.  During  that  time,  he 
also  served  a  residency  at  St.  Elizabeth  Hospital  in 
Washington.  He  later  moved  to  Durham,  serving  a 
residency  at  the  hospital  and  joining  the  psychiatry 
staff  at  Duke. 

Parker  was  assistant  professor  of  psychiatry  at  the 
University  of  Tennessee  Medical  School  from  1949 
to  1952  and  later  became  chief  of  psychiatry  at  the 
VA  Hospital  in  Durham  and  an  associate  professor 
at  Duke.  In  1959,  he  became  professor  and  chair  of 
the  department  of  psychiatry  at  the  University  of 
Kentucky's  Medical  Center. 

Parker  was  recognized  as  a  Distinguished  Life 
Fellow  of  the  American  Psychiatric  Association; 
president  of  the  Southern  Psychiatric  Association, 
the  American  Psychopathological  Association,  and 
the  Society  of  Biological  Psychiatry;  and  a  member 
of  the  Honorable  Elders  of  Kiwanis.  He  has  been  in 
the  Who's  Who  listing  since  1964. 

He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Phyllis;  a  son;  and  a 

Genetics  Center  Director  Speer 

Marcy  Carlson  Speer  Ph.D.  '93,  A.H.C.  '94,  director 
of  the  Duke  Center  for  Human  Genetics,  a  longtime 
faculty  member  at  the  Duke  School  of  Medicine  and 
an  internationally  acclaimed  researcher,  died  Aug.  4, 
2007,  at  the  age  of  47. 

Born  in  Indianapolis  on  Oct.  1,  1959,  Speer  was 


raised  in  Indiana  and  Illinois.  She  received  her  bach- 
elor's degree  from  Indiana  University  at  Bloomington 
and  a  master's  degree  in  genetic  counseling  from 
Sarah  Lawrence  College.  After  earning  a  Ph.D.  in 
zoology  from  Duke,  she  completed  her  postdoctoral 
work  at  Columbia  University,  then  joined  the  Duke 
faculty  in  1994. 

At  Duke,  she  taught  in  the  department  of  medi- 
cine and  acted  as  director  of  the  Center  for  Human 
Genetics,  but  she  also  held  joint  appointments  as 
professor  in  both  the  department  of  biostatistics  and 
bioinformatics  and  the  department  of  molecular 
genetics  and  microbiology.  She  was  also  a  member 
ot  Duke's  institutional  review  board,  a  former  mem- 
ber of  the  editorial  board  for  the  Journal  of  Generic 
Counseling,  a  permanent  member  of  the  National 
Institutes  of  Health's  Genetics  of  Health  and  Human 
Disease  study  section,  and  a  frequent  collaborator 
and  coauthor  of  medical  publications. 

A  respected  researcher  in  the  field  of  environmen- 
tal genomics,  Speer  studied  neurological  disorders 
and  the  effects  that  genetic  and  environmental 
contributions  had  on  them.  She  uncovered  the 
genetic  and  environmental  causes  of  childhood  neu- 
rological birth  defects  such  as  neural-tube  defects 
and  Chiati  malformation.  She  sat  on  many  boatds 
and  committees,  including  the  medical  advisory 
boards  of  the  American  Syringomyelia  Alliance 
Project  and  its  Research  Committee,  and  the  pro- 
fessional advisory  committee  of  the  Spina  Bifida 
Association  of  America. 

She  is  survived  by  her  husband,  Kevin  P.  Speer 
H  '87,  H  '91;  two  daughters;  her  mother;  and  three 
brothers. 


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January- February  2008  71 


Under  the  Gargoyle 


Climbing  Through 
Medicine's  Glass  Ceiling 

By  NANCY  C.  ANDREWS 

This  past  fall,  I  was  named  the  first 
female  dean  of  Duke's  medical  school, 
an  event  that  National  Public  Radio 
summed  up  as:  "Andrews  Makes  His- 
tory at  Duke  Med  School."  Why  should  the 
appointment  of  a  woman  dean  still  be  big 
news?  Perhaps  because,  with  a  few  localized 
exceptions,  there  has  been  little  change 
since  the  1970s  in  the  barriers  to  women's 
full  participation  in  academic  medicine. 

I  happen  to  believe  strongly  that  diversi- 
fying all  levels  of  academic  medicine  is  not 
only  politically  correct,  it  is  also  the  way  to 
make  our  institutions  better.  The  history  of 
Harvard  University,  for  example,  where  I 
spent  many  years  before  moving  to  Duke,  is 
one  of  gradually  increasing  diversity.  When 
the  university  was  young,  350  or  so  years 
ago,  its  faculty  and  students  were  Puritan 
men  from  good  local  families.  Over  the  cen- 
turies, the  Harvard  community  gradually 
became  diversified  in  terms  of  geographic 
origin,  religion,  socioeconomic  background, 
sex,  race,  nationality,  and  other  personal 
characteristics.  It  has  always  seemed  to  me 
that  it  was  only  by  choosing  to  recruit  the 
individual  scholars  whom  it  viewed  as  the 
best,  regardless  of  such  characteristics,  rather 
than  limiting  itself  to  a  narrow  circle  of 
candidates,  that  Harvard  was  able  to  build  a 
world-class  faculty  and  student  body  worthy 
of  the  reputation  it  now  enjoys. 

Given  that  the  proportions  of  men  and 
women  in  medical  school  classes  have  been 
similar  for  some  time,  it  seems  puzzling  that 
there  are  not  more  women  in  leadership 
positions  in  academic  medicine.  I  suspect 
that  some  of  the  reasons  for  this  disparity 
are  the  same  as  those  that  apply  at  the  entry 
level  for  physician-scientists — concerns 
about  balancing  work  and  family,  percep- 
tions that  women  need  to  be  better  than 
men  at  their  professions  in  order  to  be  con- 
sidered equal,  and  a  dearth  of  female  role 
models.  But  I  also  believe  that  if  we  are  to 
have  more  female  deans,  we  must  be  able  to 
envisage  female  deans. 


Recently  my  husband,  our  children,  and  I 
went  to  visit  a  school  in  North  Carolina 
where  Duke  staff  members  had  made  an 
appointment  for  the  family  of  the  new  dean 
of  the  medical  school.  As  we  entered  the 
school,  its  principal  vigorously  shook  my 
husband's  hand  and  welcomed  him,  saying, 
"You  must  be  the  man  of  the  moment."  Un- 
fortunately, it  is  quite  understandable  that  it 
wouldn't  have  crossed  his  mind  that  I  might 
be  the  "woman  of  the  moment"  instead. 

The  principal  had  the  odds  with  him. 
Only  fourteen  of  124  U.S.  medical  school 
deans  are  women.  Deans  are  often  former 
department  chairs,  most  frequently  chairs 
in  internal  medicine.  But  in  the  U.S.,  only 
ten  medicine  department  chairs  are  women 
— that  pipeline  is  almost  empty.  Strikingly, 
only  9  percent  of  the  chairs  of  all  clinical 
departments  are  women,  and  many  schools 
have  no  female  department  chairs  at  all. 
Since  these  leadership  positions  turn  over 
slowly,  the  situation  will  not  change  any- 
time soon. 

If  institutions  are  to  accelerate  the  emer- 
gence of  more  female  deans,  then  they  will 
need  to  consider  women  who  have  not 
stepped  on  every  rung  of  the  traditional  aca- 
demic career  ladder.  Never  having  served  as 
a  division  chief  or  a  department  chair,  I  was 
a  somewhat  atypical  dean  candidate.  In- 
terestingly, Duke  has  recently  appointed  a 
whole  cadre  of  new  deans  who  have  had 
unusual  careers — not  only  for  its  medical 
school,  but  also  for  its  business  school,  its 
law  school,  and  its  Nicholas  School  of  the 
Environment  and  Earth  Sciences.  I  think 
that  taking  a  creative  view  of  leadership 
will  enrich  academic  medicine. 

Part  of  the  answer  for  universities  aiming 
to  pursue  such  benefits  is  to  work  harder  to 
identify  and  recognize  women  who  are  lead- 
ers. The  Rosalind  Franklin  Society  (of  which 
I  am  a  founding  member)  was  recently  cre- 
ated to  draw  attention  to  leading  female  sci- 
entists, on  the  premise  that  "there  still  ex- 
ists a  prevailing  perception  that  women  do 
not  have  the  same  talents  and  abilities  as 
their  male  colleagues  and  that  the  contribu- 
tions of  women  scientists  are  not  as  impor- 
tant." The  goal  of  the  group,  made  up  of 
prominent  scientists  of  both  sexes,  is  to 


ensure  that  outstanding  women  are  recog- 
nized in  ways  that  its  namesake,  Rosalind 
Franklin — the  British  scientist  whose  work 
contributed  to  the  understanding  of  DNA, 
for  which  Watson  and  Crick  received  the 
Nobel  Prize — was  not. 

It  is  also  important  not  to  make  assump- 
tions about  what  women  will  and  will  not 
do.  After  my  appointment  at  Duke  was  an- 
nounced, many  people  told  me  that  they'd 
assumed  I  would  not  be  willing  to  move  out 
of  Boston — that  I  would  not  leave  Harvard, 
that  I  would  not  move  my  children  before 
they  finished  high  school,  that  I  would  not 
uproot  my  husband.  Obviously,  all  those 
assumptions  were  incorrect.  My  own  choices 
notwithstanding,  however,  the  "two-body 
problem" — finding  a  position  for  a  new 
appointee's  spouse — remains  a  major  obsta- 
cle to  the  recruitment  of  women  in  particu- 
lar and  of  academic  leaders  in  general. 
Though  Duke  found  a  creative  solution  in 
my  case,  offering  a  faculty  appointment  to 
my  husband,  many  academic  institutions  do 
not  do  as  well  on  this  front. 

As  I  look  to  the  future,  I  wonder  what  my 
fifteen-year-old  daughter  thinks  about  all 
the  publicity  surrounding  my  new  deanship. 
Until  recently,  she  had  been  telling  people 
that  she  was  interested  in  medicine,  but 
she's  been  uncharacteristically  quiet  of  late. 
Will  she  end  up  being  a  top  clinician,  a 
chief,  a  chair,  or  a  dean  someday?  Or  will 
she  compare  academic  medicine  with  other 
fields  that  seem  more  open  to  women  and 
decide  that  it's  not  the  right  place  for  her? 

Andrews,  who  started  work  at  Duke  in 
October,  was  formerly  dean  of  Basic  Sciences 
and  Graduate  Studies  at  Harvard  Medical 
School.  This  essay  originally  appeared,  in 
slightly  different  form,  in  The  New  England 
Journal  of  Medicine  (vol.  357,  no.  19, 
November  8,  2007). 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


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V. 


Duke 
Reunions 

2008 

Recapture  the  fun,  the  friendships, 
and  the  magic  of  your  Duke  experience. 

Reunions  Weekend  features  Duke  Arts  and  Academics,  beginning 
with  Spotlight  Speakers  on  Friday:  Timothy  Tyson  Ph.D.  '94,  visit- 
ing professor  in  the  Divinity  School  and  author  of  Blood  Done  Sign  My 
Name;  and  law  professor  James  Coleman  in  conversation  with  new 
law  school  dean  David  Levi.  Look  for  Saturday  sessions  on  election- 
year  politics,  water  and  the  environment,  a  possible  fifth  dimension  in 
space — plus  music,  dance,  and  art  from  students,  faculty,  and  alumni. 

Reunions  begin  online  at  www.DukeReunions.com 

Click  on  your  class  year  to  see  lodging  and  travel  options,  who  is 
coming,  what  they've  been  doing,  and  to  submit  your  own  class  note. 

Reunions  2008  -  Engage  •  Connect  •  Celebrate 

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FINE  FEATHERS 

Zooming  in  on  avian  activity 


**•- 


Cover:  Great  Blue  Heron  from 
Birds  of  America  try  John  James 

Audubon,  a  copy  of  which  is  in 
Duke's  Rare  Book,  Manuscript, 
and  Special  Collections  Library. 
Photo  by  Francis  G.  Mayer  fCorbis 

Vol.  94,  No.  2 

EDITOR: 

RobertJ.BIiwiseA.M.'88 
MANAGING  EDITOR: 
Zoe  Ingalls 
SENIOR  WRITER: 
Bridget  Booher  '82,  A.M.  '92 
CLAY  FELKER 
MAGAZINE  FELLOW: 
Jacob  Dagger  '03 
SENIOR  EDITORIAL 
ASSISTANT: 
Kate  Bailey 

PUBLISHER:  Sterly  L.  Wilder  '83 
and  Peter  Vaughn 
STUDENT  INTERNS: 
Katie  Byers-Dent  M.Div.  '10 
Tina  Mao '11 
Jared  Mueller  '09 
Sarah  Takvorian  '10 
DESIGN  CONSULTANT: 
Maxine  Mills  Graphic  Design 
PRINTER:  Progress  Printing 
OFFICERS,  DUKE  ALUMNI 
ASSOCIATION: 
Thomas  C  Clark  '69,  president; 
Ann  Pelham  74,  president-elect; 
Sterly  L.  Wilder  '83,  secretary- 
treasurer 

PRESIDENTS,  SCHOOL 
AND  COLLEGE  ALUMNI 
ASSOCIATIONS: 
Scott  M.  Rimer  D.  '93,  Divinity 
School;  Prayson  W  Pate  B.S.E.  '84, 
Pr.KC  School  of  Engineering;  Amy 
Schick  Kenney  '96,  M.E.M.  '98, 
Nicholas  School  of  the  Environ- 
ment and  Eatth  Sciences;  Jonathan 
Wigser  M.B.A.  '94,  Fuqua  School  of 
Business;  J.  Brett  Bennett  M.H.A. 
'86,  Department  of  Health 
Administration;  Tom  Winland  J.D. 
74,  School  of  Law;  Roslyn 
Bernstein  M.innon  M.D.  '85, 
School  o\  Medicine;  Carole  A. 
Klove  B.S.N.  '80,  School  of 
Nursing;  1  lolly  Ee,ccrr  Duchene 
D.P.T  '03,  Graduate  Program  in 
Physical  Therapy 

EDITORIAL  ADVISORY  BOARD: 
Clay  Felker '51,  chair;  Perer 
Applebome  71,  vice  chair;  Sarah 
Hardesry  Bray  72;  Jennifer  Farmer 
'96;  Jerrold  K.  Foorlick;  Robbyn 
Footlick  '85;  Edward  M.  Gomez  79; 
Devin  Gordon  '98;  Kerry  E. 
H.innon  '82;  John  Harwood  78; 
Dave  Karger  '95;  Nora  Krug  '92; 
Stephen  Labaton  A.M./J.D.  '86; 
Hugo  Lindgten  '90;  Sara  Lipka  '01; 
Julia  Livshin  '96;  Valerie  A.  May 
77;  Susannah  Meadows  '95; 
Michael  Milstein  '88;  N.  Page 
Murray  III  '85;  Will  Pearson  '01; 
Lauren  Porcaro  '96;  Shaun  Raviv  '01; 
Richard  Reeves;  Inn  Rosenfield  '81; 
Susan  Tiffr  73;  Greg  Veis  '03;  Jane 
Vessels  77;  David  Walters  '04; 
James  O  Wilson  74;  Shelby 
Oppel  Wood  '95;  Robert  J.  Bliwise 

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DUKE 


M 


a  g  a  z  1  n  e 


MARCH-APRIL  2008 


www.dukemagazine.duke.ed 


Features 


All  Wings  Considered  by  Lisa  M .  Dellwo  28 

"Suddenly,  a  rustle  in  a  shrub  and  a  flurry  of  binocular  action":  The  insider's  guide 
to  birding  around  campus 

Gay.  Fine  by  Duke?  by  Jacob  Dagger  34 

Policies  in  place  over  the  decades  have  made  the  campus  climate  more  welcoming 
for  lesbian,  gay,  bisexual,  and  transgender  people,  but  some  say  acceptance  is  still 
a  goal  unrealized 

Last  Time  Out  by  Tim  Britton  42 

After  nearly  three  decades  at  Duke,  the  coach  who  built  a  championship  men's  soccer 
program  works  to  keep  his  team  upbeat  and  focused  as  they  ride  the  roller  coaster  of 
his  final  season 

Two  Minds  48 

Filmmaker  Nathaniel  Kahn  and  his  latest  subject,  classical  pianist  Leon  Fleisher,  talk 
about  the  joys,  mysteries,  and  tribulations  that  underlie  creative  expression 


Departments 


Quad  Quotes 

Monkey-directed  robot,  attention-grabbing  band,  oil-fueled  pollution 

Forum 

Building  mistakes,  jazz  conversations,  speaker  controversies 

Full  Frame 

Structuring  a  diving  device 


Aid  for  international  students,  growth  for  faculty  ranks,  honors  for  senior  scholars, 
showcase  for  Spanish  masters;  Campus  Observer:  band  members  play  on; 
Q&A:  understanding  the  appendix 

Books 

Japan's  exotic  actor,  North  Carolina's  literary  life 

Alumni  Register 

105,000  dribbles  of  a  basketball,  endless  archives  of  photos;  Retrospective:  the  Duke 

Blue  Devil's  image  makeovers;  Career  Corner:  lawyerly  skills;  mini-profiles: 

protecting  fragile  turtles,  uncovering  Shakespearean  secrets,  defying  media  expectations 

Under  the  Gargoyle 

Is  our  future  drying  up? 


72 


Between 
the  Lines 


ne  of  this  issue's  stories  explores 
gay  life  on  campus.  There's  a 
story  behind  that  story:  a  nation- 
al campaign  that  began  at  Duke. 

It's  a  campaign  originating,  five  years 
ago,  in  a  dinner  conversation  among  ten 
friends,  gay  and  straight.  They  pondered 
Duke's  designation  by  The  Princeton 
Review  as  the  most  gay-unfriendly  school 
in  America.  The  label,  they  worried, 
would  discourage  gay  students  from  con- 
sidering Duke — thereby  creating  a  reali- 
ty from  a  perception  (or  misperception). 
They  countered  that  concern  with  entre- 
preneurial energy  and  marketing  savvy, 
deciding  on  a  T-shirt  giveaway  and  the 
"Gay?  Fine  By  Me"  slogan. 

After  only  one  day,  the  students  had 
secured  enough  money  to  order  500  shirts. 
Those  were  quickly  snatched  up.  More 
fundraising  ensued,  and  soon  they  had 
distributed  another  1,500  shirts,  some 
to  prospective  freshmen  visiting  campus. 
Through  a  nonprofit  organization,  the 
idea  would  travel  to  other  campuses. 

Fine  By  Me  has  reached  into  300  com- 
munities (not  just  campuses)  with  90,000 
T-shirts.  One  of  the  organizers  of  the  Duke 
giveaway  and  the  nonprofit's  founding 
executive  director,  Lucas  Schaefer  '04, 
a  former  Duke  Magazine  intern,  says  the 
ultimate  aim  "isn't  to  have  everyone  in 
America  in  one  of  these  T-shirts,  but  to 
create  a  country  where  we  don't  need 
the  shirts  in  the  first  place." 

A  few  years  ago,  Fine  By  Me  was  fea- 
tured in  a  local  newspaper.  The  article 
mentioned  Messiah  College  in  Pennsyl- 
vania, "whose  'community  covenant' 
lumps  homosexual  behavior  with  drunk- 
enness and  occult  worship  as  'sinful  prac- 
tices.' "  Messiah's  T-shirt  drive  was  organ- 
ized by  a  student  who  saw  such  language 
as  antithetical  to  his  religious  beliefs. 

The  project  has  been  most  successful 
w  here  organizers  have  used  it  as  "a  jump- 
ing-* iff  point"  for  conversation,  Schaefer 
says.  In  his  view,  Fine  By  Me  should  be 
part  of  the  campus  fabric,  whether  or  not 
it's  a  rru  --vage  imprinted  on  T-shirts. 

— Robert].  Bliwise,  editor 


QUAD  QUOTES 


"That's  one  small  step  for  a 
robot  and  one  giant  leap  for 
a  primate." 

—Miguel  A.L.  Nicolelis,  profes- 
sor of  neurobiology,  on  an 
experiment  during  which  a 
monkey  in  his  Duke  lab  con- 
trolled a  robot  in  Japan  using 
brain  signals,  in  The  New  York 
Times  (see  story,  page  19) 

"We're  keenly  aware  that  a 
Woodie  is  not  like  a  Gram- 
my. But  it  did  garner  us  a 
lot  of  national  attention. 
Right  now  it  feels  like  a 
medium-sized  snowball 
that's  about  to  drop  down 
the  hill.  We'll  see." 

—Senior  Sonny  Byrd,  on  his 
rock  band,  Stella  by  Starlight, 
winning  the  "Best  Music  on 
Campus"  award  at  the  fourth 
annual  mtvll  Woodie  Awards, 
in  Raleigh's  News  &  Observer 

"Climate  change  is  not  just 

another  problem,  but  a 

challenge  to  the  premises  of 

modern  economic  life." 

— Jedediah  Purdy,  associate 

professor  of  law,  writing  on 

"comment  is  free,"  a  group 

blog  hosted  by  The  Guardian 

"The  United  States  has 
nothing  to  apologize  for  in 
its  conduct  in  the  world." 
—Karl  Rove,  former  deputy 
White  House  chief  of  staff, 
during  a  speech  at  Duke 

"Arrest  Him." 
—Banner  displayed  by  two  au- 
dience members  during  Rove's 
speech  (see  story,  page  9) 

"When  you  take  away  lan- 
guage from  a  human  during 
a  math  task  like  this,  they 
end  up  looking  just  like  a 
monkey." 

—Jessica  Cantlon,  a  Ph.D. 
candidate  in  psychology  and 
neuroscience,  on  a  study  she 
co-authored  in  which  monkeys 
performed  almost  as  well  as 
Duke  students  at  a  math  task 


"I  married  someone  who 
didn't  finish  college.  Quite 
often  I  find  myself  in  situa- 
tions where  we  are  intro- 
duced as  a  couple,  and  my 
husband  would  say,  'Be- 
tween us,  we  have  one-and- 
a-half  degrees.'  So,  he  also 
likes  to  take  some  affiliation 
with  Duke  as  well." 


— Melinda  French  Gates  '86, 

M.B.A.  '87,  on  her  husband, 

Bill  Gates,  at  the  dedication 

ceremony  for  the  new 

French  Family  Science  Center, 

in  The  Chronicle 

"She  was  a  controversial 
leader  who  had  strengths 
and  weaknesses  like  many 
leaders....  We  shouldn't  over- 
stress  that  she  was  the  solu- 
tion to  Pakistan's  problems, 
but  her  assassination  clearly 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


-'V 


tive# 


exacerbates  and  worsens 
Pakistan's  problems." 
—Bruce  Jentleson,  professor  of 
public  policy  studies  and  polit- 
ical science,  on  the  assassina- 
tion of  Pakistani  presidential 
candidate  Benazir  Bhutto,  in 
The  News  S  Observer 

"Oprah  does  not  have  to 
move  a  lot  of  women,  just 
enough  to  pull  the  margin  of 
victory  away  from  Clinton. 
For  those  who  are  wavering, 


Oprah  could  make  the  dif- 
ference." 

—Paula  McClain,  professor 
of  political  science,  on  the 
impact  of  Oprah  Winfrey's 
endorsing  presidential  candi- 
date Barack  Obama,  in  The 
Washington  Times 

"The  real  concern  from  an 
environmental  point  of 
view  is  that  high  oil  prices 
also  mean  that  even  more- 
polluting  potential  sources 


of  liquid  fuel  start  to  become 
economically  competitive. 
For  example,  you  can  make 
liquid  fuels  from  coal." 

—Richard  Newell,  Gendell 
Associate  Professor  of  energy 
and  environmental  economics, 
on  why  higher  oil  prices— and 
thus  less  driving— do  not  nec- 
essarily mean  less  pollution,  on 
NPR's  All  Things  Considered 

"This  nation  was  built  on 
immigrants.  The  Chinese 


wall  didn't  work  against 
their  enemies.  The  Berlin 
Wall  didn't  work  against 
freedom." 


March- April  2008  3 


Forum 


Mistakes  Identified 

During  my  student  days  at 
Duke,  in  the  turbulent 
World  War  II  days  and  the 
Navy  V-12  program,  I  was 
told  of  the  two  "mistakes" 
relative  to  information  about 
the  university  that  were  evi- 
dent in  buildings  and  to  the 
eye,  but  I  was  not  informed 
where  they  were.  So,  when- 
ever I  had  time  (in  very  small 
doses  as  I  recall),  I  searched 
for  them — to  no  avail. 

Imagine  my  delight  when 
reading  the  November- 
December  issue  [Retrospec- 
tive] to  learn  of  these  two 
errata.  I  had  already  forgot- 
ten and  had  made  my  peace 
that  I  would  go  to  the  grave 
without  ever  finding  out 
about  them.  I  want  to  thank 
you  for  publishing  that  in- 
formation and  giving  relief 
to  a  very  old  man,  decades 
after  I  finally  gave  up. 

Since,  in  those  days,  East 
was  East,  and  West  was — 
filled  up  with  milling  stu- 
dents here  and  there — it  had 
never  occurred  to  me  that 
one  of  those  "mistakes"  was 
to  be  found  in  the  girls'  cam- 
pus. And  I  always  thought 
those  very  erect  and  serious 
gentlemen  at  the  chapel 
were  there  because  they  had 
to  be,  and  not  because  one  of 
them  was  a  misplaced  one. 

Thank  you  for  clearing  up 
the  matter  once  and  for  all. 

].E.  Masson  '47 
Longwood,  Florida 

Tim  Pyatt  '81,  the  university 
archivist,  pointed  out  Bald- 
win's permanent  typo  in  the 
November-December  "Ret- 
rospective." Did  he  realize 


that  Baldwin  also  has  a  per- 
manent grammatical  error? 
Note  the  "Sigilium  Universi- 
tatis  Dukensis"  on  the  top  of 
the  seal.  That  translates  to 
"Seal  of  the  University  of 
Duke,"  and  was  officially 
changed  in  1957  to  "Unwer- 
sitas  Dukiana,"  more  proper- 
ly, Duke  University.  I  re- 
member my  Latin  professor, 
whose  name  escapes  me,  was 
a  champion  of  the  change. 

Robert  F.  Clayton  '58 
Atlanta,  Georgia 

For  more  information  on  the 
history  of  Duke's  seal  and 
shield,  see  library.duke.edu/ 
uarchives/history/histnotes/ 
insignia.html 

Following  Monk 

Steve  Dollar's  article  [No- 
vember-December 2007]  on 
Thelonious  Monk  reminded 
me  of  some  of  my  cherished 
experiences  from  my  under- 
graduate years  at  Duke.  I 
became  interested  in  jazz  as 
a  result  of  listening  to  the 
campus  radio  station.  A 
small  jazz  club  in  Raleigh, 
the  Frog  and  Nightgown, 
became  the  heaven  for  my 
new  interest.  There,  I  had 
the  opportunity  to  meet 
many  incredible  performers 
such  as  Dizzy  Gillespie, 
Ramsey  Lewis,  James  Moody, 
and  Zoot  Sims. 

My  most  incredible 
encounter  was  with  Monk. 
During  one  of  his  perform- 
ances at  the  club,  I  talked 
to  his  bassist,  Wilbur  Ware, 
between  sets.  Ware  asked 
me  whether  I  wanted  to 
meet  Monk.  Subsequently, 
I  had  a  conversation  (if  it 


m 

iirtW 

'-   Hi  ■     If   I*     4 

i 

w 

\ 

'  j  J—  " 

If* 

could  be  considered  a  con- 
versation) with  Monk  that, 
at  the  time,  I  considered 
weird.  Interspaced  among 
moments  of  inspirational 
and  encouraging  revelations 
about  music  and  perform- 
ance were  fragmented  sen- 
tences and  lengthy  pauses 
during  which  Monk  simply 
stared  as  if  frozen  in  time. 

I  thought  he  was  demon- 
strating displeasure  with  my 
questions.  After  reading 
more  about  him  and  learn- 
ing his  music,  I  understood 
that  such  behavior  was  part 
of  his  character  and  that 
this  behavior  (along  with 
his  hat)  had  contributed  to 
the  power  and  uniqueness 
of  that  evening's  amazing 
musical  experience. 

]ames  Dorsey  70,  M.D.  '74 
College  Park,  Maryland 

Changing 
American  Minds 

Professor  Bland's  article 
"Rescrutinizing  the  Ameri- 
can Mind"  [Under  the  Gar- 
goyle, November-December] 
proposes  to  shift  the  blame 
of  who  has  failed  democracy 
from  "higher  education"  to 
"politicians  in  government." 
The  author  appears  mystified 
by  students  who  overwhelm- 
ingly choose  business  and 
pre-professional  majors.  The 
answer  is  obvious  for  those 
of  us  in  the  "real  world." 

The  students'  motivator  is 
neither  democracy  nor  ed- 
ucators, but  rather  the  reali- 


ty of  capitalism.  How  else 
are  we  to  pay  off  student 
loans  and  pay  the  bills?  This 
is  not  the  eighteenth  centu- 
ry, when  only  the  upper 
classes  had  the  privilege  of 
college  and  guaranteed  live- 
lihoods provided  by  virtue 
of  their  social  class,  regard- 
less of  what  they  studied. 

But  let's  focus  on  the  un- 
derlying disease  rather  than 
the  symptoms.  After  all,  who 
elected  those  politicians?  It's 
not  higher  education,  poli- 
ticians, or  capitalism  [that] 
has  failed  democracy.  It  is  us. 

We  have  elected  politi- 
cians who  cut  our  taxes  by 
running  up  debt,  mean- 
while lining  the  pockets  of 
those  corporate  interests 
who  provide  the  funding  for 
their  campaigns. 

We  invest  in  corporations 
based  on  earnings  per  share 
rather  than  the  impact  of 
their  operations  on  our  so- 
ciety and  the  environment. 

We  have  allowed  laissez- 
faire  capitalism  to  deterio- 
rate into  economic  Darwin- 
ism where  the  rich  are 
getting  richer,  the  poor 
poorer,  and  those  in  the 
middle  struggle. 

We  have  allowed  religion 
to  become  irrelevant  in 
business  life,  relying  on  the 
almighty  dollar  as  the  de- 
ciding ethic. 

It's  time  for  us  to  move  be- 
yond shifting  blame  to  ac- 
tion to  save  democracy  and 
reclaim  what  we  value.  Let's 
be  informed  voters  and  po- 
litical contributors,  invest 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


with  a  conscience,  and  par- 
ticipate fully  in  faith-based  or 
civic  organizations  to  work 
for  the  common  good.  As  my 
mother  always  told  me,  "It's 
better  to  light  a  single  candle 
than  to  curse  the  darkness." 

Martha  Shindelman  Zeigkr  '74 
Weaverville,  North  Carolina 

Rove  on  Campus 

It  is  a  temptation,  but  I  don't 
want  to  object  to  our  hav- 
ing invited  Karl  Rove  to  be 
a  Major  Speaker  at  Duke 
University.  But  he  was  hardly 
challenged,  not  even  in  a 
"conversational"  format.  I 
heard  him  say  "We  [the  U.S.] 
do  not  torture."  This  was 
met  by  silence.  Were  we  in 
so  much  fear  of  being  impo- 
lite that  no  one  should  have 
had  an  apoplectic  fit  at  that? 
(Incidentally,  I  don't  think 
the  noise  that  was  heard 
during  the  speech  was  com- 
ing so  much  from  students 
but  rather  from  those  in  the 
"aging  hippie"  category. 
Forgive  them,  they  haven't 
even  gotten  over  the  last, 
the  Vietnam,  quagmire.) 

Rove's  conversation  part- 
ner, professor  Peter  Feaver, 
seemed  lost  in  deference  and 
sympathy  for  him.  Could 
not  Feaver  have  brought  up 
the  main  question:  Rove's 
huge  success  was  in  getting 
the  majority  in  our  democ- 
racy to  believe  the  two  rea- 
sons given  for  attacking  Iraq 
— that  Saddam  was  in  ca- 
hoots with  Osama  bin  Laden; 
that  Iraq  had  weapons  of 
mass  destruction.  Does  it 
matter  that  these  were  lies?  ... 

The  heinous  aspects  of 
the  war  have  made  the 


White  House  the  chief  re- 
cruiters for  al  Qaeda. ...  We 
could  have  asked  Karl  Rove 
if  he  has  any  regrets  about 
the  war,  having  been  such  a 
talented  "Minister  of  Prop- 
aganda." Can  you  just  imag- 
ine the  incredible  spin? 

In  the  necessity  of  our  en- 
tertaining different  points 
of  view,  I  suggest  that  now 
it  would  be  so  cool  for  the 
Major  Speakers  Committee 
to  invite  a  speaker  from  the 
Iraq  Veterans  Against  the 
War.  Or  perhaps  another 
Duke  department  could  have 
a  conversation  between  such 
a  veteran  and  a  military  per- 
son of  a  different  persuasion. 
Sarah  Schwab  Freedman 
M.T.S.  '92 
Durham 

Editor's  note:  Rove  spoke  at 
Duke  in  December  at  an  event 
billed  as  "A  Conversation 
with  Karl  Rove"  (see  news 
story  on  page  9) .  Freedman's 
letter  was  addressed  to  Peter 
Feaver,  a  professor  of  political 
science  and  the  lecture's  emcee; 
Michael  Munger,  chair  of  the 
political  science  department; 
and  Bruce  Kuniholm,  director 
of  the  Terry  Sanford  Institute 
of  Public  Policy  and  a  professor 
of  public  policy  and  history. 
The  Sanford  Institute  and  the 
political  science  department 
were  among  the  event's  CO' 
sponsors.  Kuniholm  responds: 

Last  spring  the  Sanford 
Institute  invited  General 
Anthony  Zinni,  the  former 
commanding  general  of 
CENTCOM,  and  one  of 
the  most  significant  and 
effective  critics  of  the  Bush 
administration's  policies  to- 
ward Iraq,  here  as  a  Sanford 


lecturer.  He  is  also  teaching 
for  us  this  spring  as  the  San- 
ford lecturer  in  residence. 
Earlier  this  past  fall,  we  also 
hosted  Paul  Krugman,  an- 
other Bush  critic  (although 
on  a  different  set  of  subjects). 

As  a  Marine  officer  who 
fought  in  Vietnam,  as  the 
father  of  a  Marine  officer 
who  lost  his  arm  in  Iraq,  and 
as  an  academic,  I  embrace 
with  some  passion  your 
point  about  the  necessity  of 
entertaining  different  points 
of  view  (whether  we  agree 
with  them  or  not)  on  some 
of  the  tough  issues  that  have 
divided  us  as  a  nation,  be- 
cause I  have  personally  ex- 
perienced the  consequences 
of  what  happens  when  de- 
bate is  limited  or  stifled. 

Debate  is  critical  if  we  in 
the  Duke  community  are  to 
understand  our  differences, 
and  such  understanding  can 
only  happen  if  we  learn  to 
combat  what  we  think  are 
bad  arguments  with  better 
arguments.  Providing  an  op- 
portunity for  the  exchange 
of  some  of  those  arguments 
is  the  role  of  universities, 
and  that  is  precisely  why  I 
invited  Tony  Zinni  and 
Paul  Krugman  to  speak  at 
Duke  and  co-sponsored  the 
visit  of  Karl  Rove. 

Correction:  Owing  to 
an  editing  error,  the 
distance  between 
Durham  and  Greenville, 
North  Carolina,  was 
incorrectly  listed  in 
"By  the  Numbers," 
January-February  2008. 
The  correct  distance  is 
110  miles. 


First  Annual 

Meeting  of  The  Society 

for  Spirituality, 

Theology,  and  Health 


R 


June  25-27,  2008 

Durham,  NC 

David  Thomas  Center 


www.dukespiritua.lity 

andhealth .  org/ education/ 

national.html 


center  for  SPIRITUALITY 
THEOLOGY  and  HEALTH 

DUKE      UNIVERSITY 


March- April  2008 


Full  Frame 


mm 


a  pulley  device 

women's  varsity  diving  teams.  Coach  Drew  Johansen,  who 

ett  the  technique  at  the  Chinese  National  Training 
Center  in  Beijing,  says  Duke  is  the  only  university  in  the 


•»-  ■  na     *  J 


ili 


Gazette 

ACROSS  THE  CAMPUS 


Faculty  Growth 


I 


■  he  Duke  Endowment  of  Charlotte  is 
giving  $40  million  to  the  university 
to  create  more  than  thirty  new  faculty 
positions.  The  gift  will  fully  endow  ten 
new  assistant  professorships  and  ten  asso- 
ciate professorships  at  a  cost  of  $25  million. 
It  also  will  provide  $15  million  to  match  ad- 
ditional funding  to  establish  twelve  new  en- 
dowed full  professorships. 

In  announcing  the  gift,  President  Richard 
H.  Brodhead  stressed  that  new  professor- 
ships are  key  to  achieving  success  under  the 
university's  latest  strategic  plan.  Two  of  the 
plan's  primary  goals,  Brodhead  said,  are  "to 
attract  and  retain  outstanding  faculty  and 
to  increase  significantly  those  undergradu- 
ate learning  experiences  that  focus  on  re- 
search and  laboratory  and  field  experiences 
under  close  faculty  supervision." 


"Many  of  these  positions  will  be  in  the 
schools  with  undergraduate  programs;  oth- 
ers will  enable  the  professional  schools  to 
hire  faculty  who  will  also  teach  undergradu- 
ates," he  said. 


Foreign  Aid 


Bruce  Karsh  '77,  a  Duke  trustee,  and 
Martha  Karsh,  his  wife,  have 
pledged  $20  million  in  endowment 
funding  to  support  financial  aid  for 
undergraduate  students  from  foreign  coun- 
tries— the  largest  gift  devoted  to  interna- 
tional undergraduates  in  Duke's  history. 

Most  of  the  gift,  $15  million,  will  be  used  to 
establish  an  endowment  that  provides  need- 
based  scholarship  grants;  an  additional  $2.5 
million  will  be  used  to  create  a  separate  en- 
dowment to  provide  enhanced  benefits  to 
international  students,  including  an  ex- 


panded orientation  program  and  financial 
assistance  for  travel  home. 

The  remaining  $2.5  million  will  be  used  to 
establish  an  endowment  to  support  the 
Karsh  International  Scholars  Program.  This 
new  program  will  provide  funding  to  a  se- 
lect group  of  international  students  for 
three  summers  of  research  or  research-serv- 
ice opportunities  in  Durham,  around  the 
U.S.,  or  abroad.  The  program  is  expected  to 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


support  summer  stipends  for  about  twenty 
scholars,  who  will  be  selected  through  a 
competitive  process. 

In  announcing  the  gift,  President  Rich- 
ard H.  Brodhead  acknowledged  that  need- 
based  financial  aid  for  international  stu- 
dents had  been  limited  in  the  past.  "We  will 
now  be  able  to  admit  many  more  who  re- 
quire financial  aid,  enriching  our  communi- 
ty and  advancing  Duke's  global  connectivi- 
ty," he  said.  Currently,  416  international 
students  are  enrolled  in  Duke's  undergradu- 
ate schools. 

Football's  Fresh  Start 

David  Cutcliffe,  assistant  head  coach 
and  offensive  coordinator  at  the  Uni- 
versity of  Tennessee,  has  been  named 
Duke's  twenty-first  head  football 
coach,  replacing  Ted  Roof,  who  was  fired  in 
November.  As  head  coach  of  the  University 
of  Mississippi  from  1999  to  2004,  Cutcliffe 
led  his  teams  to  four  bowl  games.  He  men- 
tored  NFL  quarterbacks  Peyton  and  Eli 
Manning  during  his  stints  at  Tennessee  and 
Ole  Miss,  respectively.  » 

"When  I  announced  my  decision  to  move  | 
in  a  different  direction  with  our  football  I 


program,"  said  athletics  director  Joe  Alleva, 
"I  clearly  stated  our  criteria:  We  were  look- 
ing for  a  leader  who  has  head-coaching  ex- 
perience," preferably  at  the  top  levels  of  col- 
lege football.  In  addition,  Alleva  said,  Duke 
sought  a  coach  who  "has  directed  a  winning 
football  program;  has  an  outstanding  offen- 
sive mind;  has  proven  himself  on  the  re- 
cruiting trail;  will  represent  the  university 
in  an  exemplary  fashion,  both  on  campus 
and  in  the  Durham  community;  and  under- 
stands that,  at  Duke,  academic  excellence 
goes  hand-in-hand  with  excellence  on  the 
playing  fields." 
Alleva  believes  he  has  found  his  man  in 


Clean  break:  Players 


pr^m 


Cutcliffe,  fifty-three,  who  comes  to  Duke 
after  working  at  Tennessee  for  the  past  two 
seasons.  During  his  time  as  head  coach  at 
Mississippi,  he  compiled  a  44-29  record  and 
won  a  share  of  the  Southeastern  Confer- 
ence's western  division  championship  in 
2003.  Cutcliffe  was  named  the  SEC  Coach 
of  the  Year  that  year  after  leading  the 
Rebels  to  a  10-3  record,  including  a  31-28 
victory  over  Oklahoma  State  University  in 
the  Cotton  Bowl.  Duke's  athletics  depart- 
ment would  not  reveal  Cutcliffe 's  salary,  but 
ESPN  reported  that  Duke  will  pay  him  $1.5 
million  per  year  over  six  years. 

A  native  of  Birmingham,  Alabama,  Cut- 
cliffe graduated  from  the  University  of  Ala- 
bama in  1976.  He  and  his  wife,  Karen  Cut- 
cliffe, have  four  children. 

www.goduke.com 

Speakers  Spark  Debate 

J^>  rominent  speakers  representing  a 

K  variety  of  opinions  from  across  the 
political  spectrum  came  to  campus 
last  semester  to  share  their  views  on 
politics  and  the  American  political  system. 
The  speakers  were  sponsored  by  a  wide  range 
of  groups,  including  the  offices  of  the  presi- 
dent and  provost,  the  Duke  Conservative 
Union,  the  political  science  department, 
the  Terry  Sanford  Institute  of  Public  Policy, 
and  Duke  Law  School. 

A  December  speech  by  Karl  Rove,  former 
deputy  White  House  chief  of  staff,  was  well 
attended,  with  a  crowd  of  1,000  in  Page  Au- 
ditorium and  an  overflow  crowd  in  Rey- 
nolds Theater.  It  was  also  divisive.  Several 
audience  members  applauded  his  remarks 
about  U.S.  antiterrorism  efforts,  while  oth- 
ers hoisted  protest  signs  and  voiced  con- 
cerns about  the  war  in  Iraq  and  the  treat- 
ment of  detainees. 

Much  of  Rove's  discussion  with  Peter 
Feaver,  a  professor  of  political  science  at 
Duke  who  formerly  worked  on  the  White 
House  National  Security  Council,  focused 
on  the  Bush  presidency  and  the  war  in  Iraq. 
Rove,  who  stepped  down  from  his  White 
House  post  in  August,  said  the  U.S.  does 
not  sanction  torture  of  terrorism  suspects. 


March- April  2008 


Gazette 


ACROSS  THE  CAMPUS 


Duke 

University 


*  $A 


'tfv'fL  f  No  apologies:  R 

II  C    conftil 


He  also  said  both  Republican  and  Demo- 
cratic leaders  agreed  to  the  timing  of  a  war 
resolution,  and  that  removing  the  Taliban 
from  power  in  Afghanistan  and  Saddam 
Hussein  in  Iraq  had  made  the  world  a  safer 
place.  "The  United  States  has  nothing  to 
apologize  for  in  its  conduct  in  the  world," 
he  said. 

Rove  denied  that  he  had  been  a  force  for 
negative  campaigning,  either  in  primary  or 
general-election  campaigns.  He  predicted 
that  if  Senator  Hillary  Clinton  is  the  Dem- 
ocratic nominee  for  president,  she  may 
have  a  difficult  time  winning  the  general 
election,  despite  her  name  recognition.  He 
also  said  that  in  recent  elections  Republi- 
cans have  performed  better  than  expected, 
blaming  scandals — and  not  the  war — for 
Republican  defeats  in  2006. 

Other  speakers  shared  different  ideas. 
New  York  Times  columnist  Paul  Krugman  dis- 
cussed his  latest  book,  The  Conscience  of  a 
Liberal.  He  emphasized  the  influence  of  ra- 
cial politics  and  said  with  the  Bush  presi- 
dency coming  to  an  end,  we  must  study  the 
past — in  particular,  the  Republicans'  skilled 
use  of  charged  political  messages — in  order 
to  predict  the  future  of  our  political  system. 
"Ultimately,  this  book  is  about  what  can, 
what  should,  come  next,"  he  said. 

Jeffrey  Toobin,  a  New  Yorker  staff  writer 
and  CNN  legal  analyst,  talked  about  his 
own  book,  The  Nine:  Inside  the  Secret  World 
of  the  Supreme  Court,  with  David  F.  Levi, 
dean  of  Duke  Law  School,  and  Neil  Siegel, 
an  associate  professor  of  law  who  clerked  at 
the  Supreme  Court.  Toobin's  book  explores 
the  last  fifteen  years  of  Supreme  Court  his- 
tory, focusing    on  the  individual  justices, 


ion 

is, 

ALY/fWSll 


\ 


their  interactions  on  the  court,  and  the 
basis  of  their  legal  decision  making.  Toobin 
and  Levi  disagreed  on  the  Senate's  vetting 
of  potential  Supreme  Court  justices,  with 
Toobin  insisting  that  senators  have  an  obli- 
gation to  question  nominees  in  depth  about 
their  legal  views. 

The  law  school  also  hosted  Jack  Gold- 
smith, author  of  The  Terror  Presidency:  Law 
and  Judgment  Inside  the  Bush  Administration 
and  former  head  of  the  Office  of  Legal  Coun- 
sel (OLC),  which  advises  the  president  and 
attorney  general.  Goldsmith  said  that  upon 
taking  office  in  2003,  he  found  some  of  the 
legal  memoranda  written  by  his  predecessor 
"deeply,  deeply  flawed."  In  addition  to  con- 
taining legal  errors,  these  opinions — in- 
cluding the  now-infamous  "torture  memo" 
— were  far  too  broad  in  scope,  he  said. 

OLC  lawyers  asked  to  determine  the  le- 
gality of  counterterrorism  policies  were  un- 
der pressure  to  "push  the  law  as  far  as  it 
would  go,"  as  the  administration  perceived 
a  very  real  threat  of  another  terrorist  attack, 
he  said.  Procedural  shortcuts  also  undercut 
the  quality  of  the  legal  work.  Goldsmith 
resigned  in  2004,  on  the  day  he  withdrew 
the  torture  memo. 

The  unilateralism  of  the  Bush  adminis- 
tration in  its  approach  to  the  war  on  terror  g- 
has  ultimately  weakened  the  presidency,  | 
Goldsmith  said.  "The  president  has  suffered  I 


defeats  in  the  courts  and  is  subject  to  almost 
paralyzing  litigation  along  ...  many  dimen- 
sions. I'm  confident  that  the  court  defeats 
and  litigation  would  have  been  minimized 
had  the  president  gone  to  Congress  earlier 
and  worked  with  Congress  on  all  the  areas 
that  are  the  subject  of  litigation." 

In  a  separate  lecture,  Rick  Santorum,  a 
former  U.S.  Senator  from  Pennsylvania  who 
was  voted  out  of  office  in  2006,  talked  about 
the  threat  of  "Islamic  jihad"  and  the  need 
for  Americans  to  support  the  wars  in  Iraq 
and  Afghanistan. 

Prez  Gets  Thumbs  Up 

President  Richard  H.  Brodhead  re- 
ceived positive  marks  from  a  presi- 
dential review  committee  responsi- 
ble for  assessing  his  first  three  years 
as  president.  Duke  regularly  conducts  such 
reviews  of  its  officers  and  deans. 

Board  of  trustees  vice  chair  Dan  Blue  J.D. 
73,  who  chaired  the  review  committee,  says 
the  committee  interviewed  1 20  people  and 
received  more  than  500  responses  to  an  open 
request  for  comments.  Referring  to  the  Duke 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


* 


And,  exhale:  Nurse 

practitioner  Karen  Haith 

examines  graduate  student 

Jillian  Harrison  at  the 

student  health  center 


BY  THE  NUMBERS 

Duke  Student  Health  Center 

6,582  Visits  to  student  health  clinic  in  the  first  two  months  of  fall  semester 
159  Monospot  lab  tests  to  screen  for  infectious  mononucleosis 
34  Diagnosed  cases  of  mono 
1,034  Flu  shots  administered  at  free  clinic  in  Bryan  Center 
4,397  Immunizations  given 
199  Pints  of  blood  donated  over  three  days  in  the  November  blood  drive 
63  Students  volunteering  as  student-health  peer  educators 
22  Students  involved  in  ESTEEM  (Educating  Students  to 

Eliminate  Eating  Misconceptions),  the  largest  peer-educator  group 
4  Peer  educators  involved  in  STAR  (Students  for  Tobacco  and  Alcohol 
Reform),  the  smallest  group 

— Tina  Mao 


lacrosse  case,  Blue  said,  "The  committee 
heard  from  people  who  were  disappointed 
with  Duke's  handling  of  the  case  and  others 
who  felt  strongly  that  President  Brodhead 
had  managed  a  uniquely  difficult  situation 
with  maturity. 

"Those  who  communicated  with  the  com- 
mittee can  be  confident  the  spectrum  of 
views  was  heard,  considered,  and  reported 
to  the  trustees  and  to  President  Brodhead." 

Senior  Scholars 

■  wo  Duke  seniors,  Ryan  McCartney 
I    and  Lee  Pearson,  have  been  chosen 
I    for  prestigious  scholarships  for  post- 
I    graduate  study  abroad. 
McCartney,  of  Chappaqua,  New  York,  was 
selected  for  the  George  J.  Mitchell  Schol- 
arship, which  provides  for  a  year  of  graduate 
study  in  Ireland.  A  political  science  and 
philosophy  double  major,  McCartney  is  the 
editorial  page  editor  of  The  Chronicle.  Dur- 
ing his  junior  year,  when  the  campus  was 
embroiled  in  the  lacrosse  scandal,  he  served 
as  the  paper's  editor  in  chief.  That  year,  he 
was  selected  by  the  Associated  Collegiate 
Press  as  one  of  the  top  three  college  journal- 
ists in  the  country  for  his  reporting  on  the 
lacrosse  case  and  on  Hurricane  Katrina. 


McCartney  says  he  plans  to  spend  the 
next  year  studying  political  communica- 
tions in  an  interdisciplinary  journalism  pro- 
gram at  Dublin  City  University.  After  that, 
he  says  he  plans  to  attend  law  school. 

Pearson,  of  Spokane,  Washington,  was  one 


of  forty  students  selected  for  the  Marshall 
Scholarship,  which  provides  two  years  of 
graduate-level  study  in  the  United  King- 
dom. A  double  major  in  civil  and  environ- 
mental engineering  and  biomedical  engi- 
neering, Pearson  has  been  actively  involved 


March- April  2008 


Gazette 

ACROSS  THE  CAMPUS 


in  water  resource  projects  in  Uganda  through 
Duke  Engineers  Without  Borders.  He  also 
has  been  involved  in  a  project  that  intro- 
duced a  machine  to  Uganda  that  shells  pea- 
nuts and  coffee  beans.  He  is  one  of  ten  stu- 
dents living  in  Duke's  Home  Depot  Smart 
Home  during  this,  its  inaugural,  semester. 

Pearson  is  interested  in  the  sustainability 
movement,  and  issues  involved  in  balanc- 
ing environmental  protection  with  human 
needs  and  economic  issues.  He  says  he  hopes 
to  complete  a  master's  degree  in  ecological 
economics  at  the  University  of  Edinburgh 
in  his  first  year  and  a  master's  in  engineer- 
ing for  sustainable  development  at  the 
University  of  Cambridge  in  his  second  year. 

Despite  the  two  prestigious  awards,  Duke 
was  notably  absent  this  year  from  the  ranks 
of  Rhodes  Scholarship  winners.  With  the 
exception  of  2005,  this  was  the  first  year 
since  1993  that  Duke  did  not  bring  home  at 
least  one  Rhodes. 

A  Death  in  the  Family 

In  late  January,  Abhijit  Mahato,  a  Ph.D. 
candidate  in  civil  engineering,  was  found 
shot  to  death  in  his  apartment  south  of 
campus.  Police,  who  have  charged  a  nine- 
teen-year-old man  with  first-degree  murder 
in  the  case,  believe  the  motive  was  robbery. 
In  an  e-mail  message  to  the  Duke  commu- 
nity, President  Richard  H.  Brodhead  said,  "I 
write  to  share  my  great  sadness  over  [this] 
sudden  and  senseless  death....  Having  spo- 
ken with  Professor  Tod  Laursen,  in  whose 
lab  Abhijit  was  making  important  contribu- 
tions, I  have  a  sense  of  his  great  promise  and 
endearing  character.  I  extend  my  sympathy 
to  Abhijit's  friends  and  colleagues  and  to  all 
members  of  the  Indian  and  Hindu  commu- 
nity for  this  appalling  loss."  A  campus  me- 
morial service  was  held  for  Mahato,  who 
was  originally  from  Tatanagar,  India. 

In  response  to  Mahato's  death  and  other 
recent  crimes  in  some  areas  surrounding 
campus,  Duke  and  Durham  police  officials 
held  a  town-hall  meeting  on  campus  to  dis- 
cuss security  issues.  Duke  police  increased 
patrols  of  apartments  and  other  locations 
near,  and  on,  the  campus. 


UPDATE 


"Josh  Sommer,  mold-prevention  advocate,"  Duke  Magazine,  July-August  2006 

n  the  spring  of  2006,  Josh  Som- 
merwas  busy  making  a  college 
career  out  of  mold.  After  he  and 
his  mother  were  sickened  by 
mold  in  their  home  while  he  was  in 
high  school,  he'd  come  to  Duke  to 
work  in  an  engineering  lab,  so  that 
he  could  develop  a  new  mold-detec- 
tion device.  He  hoped  to  spend  the 
summer  conducting  epidemiological 
studies  in  Greenville,  North  Carolina. 

But  plans  change.  That  May, 
Sommer,  then  a  freshman,  had  a 
tumor  removed  from  the  base  of  his 
skull.  The  diagnosis:  chordoma,  a  rare 
bone  cancer.  (As  far  as  he  knows,  it  is 
not  related  to  the  mold.)  Sommer 
read  all  he  could  about  the  disease, 
and  what  he  read  was  not  encourag- 
ing. Only  300  cases  of  chordoma  are 
diagnosed  in  the  U.S.  each  year.  The 
average  person  survives  seven  years 
after  being  diagnosed.  Because  chor- 
doma is  so  rare,  little  research  has 
been  done  on  it,  and  there  are  very 
few  treatment  options  available. 

Sommer  and  his  physician  moth- 
er, Simone,  set  about  to  change  that. 
Sommer's  first  step  was  to  volunteer 
in  the  lab  of  Michael  Kelley,  associate 
professor  of  oncology  and,  at  the 
time,  the  only  researcher  in  the 
world  receiving  funding  from  the 
National  Institutes  of  Health  to  study 
chordoma.  There,  the  engineering 
major  got  a  "crash  course  in  molecu- 
lar biology,"  then  quickly  went  to 
work  analyzing  genomic  data. 

At  the  same  time,  he  and  his 
mother  began  approaching  surgeons 
and  medical  researchers  who  had 
worked  on  chordoma.  They  all  said 
the  same  thing:  They  needed  access 
to  tissue  samples,  funding,  and  more 
collaboration. 

Last  spring,  the  Sommers  started 


the  Chordoma  Foundation  in  an  ef- 
fort to  meet  those  needs.  They've 
taken  some  novel  approaches.  The 
dearth  of  research  on  chordoma  means 
that  even  its  most  basic  molecular 
genetics  have  not  been  fully  charac- 
terized. If  a  scholar  at  a  research 
institution  were  to  do  this,  his  work 
would  likely  be  off-limits  to  other  re- 
searchers for  two  years  as  he  sought 
to  publish  it.  So  the  Sommers  farmed 
this  work  out  to  a  private  research- 
and-development  company  that  can 
do  the  work  quickly  and  make  the  re- 
sults available  immediately. 

They've  also  approached  re- 
searchers who  work  on  similar  dis- 
eases and  enlisted  them  to  add  chor- 
doma to  their  trials.  For  example, 
working  in  Kelley's  lab,  Sommer  iden- 
tified one  gene  that  was  expressed  to 
a  high  degree  in  chordoma.  He  read  a 
paper  that  said  the  gene  was  also 
expressed  in  leukemia,  so  he  con- 
vinced the  leukemia  researcher,  who 
was  developing  a  vaccine  to  target 
the  gene,  to  test  it  on  chordoma,  too. 


Last  year,  with  only  three  months 
of  planning,  the  foundation  spon- 
sored a  workshop  that  brought  to- 
gether more  than  fifty  A-list  re- 
searchers from  a  variety  of  back- 
grounds to  discuss  chordoma  and  lay 
a  roadmap  for  future  studies.  At  a 
second  workshop,  slated  for  this  April, 
the  Sommers  hope  to  announce  the 
results  of  the  leukemia  vaccine  trials 
and  also  the  creation  of  the  world's 
first  chordoma  tissue  bank. 

The  foundation  also  serves  pa- 
tients. Sommer  says  he  believes  that 
just  getting  patients  to  the  right  doc- 
tors in  a  timely  fashion  could  extend 
the  survival  average  from  seven  to 
ten  years,  no  research  necessary. 
Now  a  junior,  Sommer  isn't  taking 
any  classes  this  semester.  He's  work- 
ing for  the  foundation  as  part  of  the 
DukeEngage  program.  He's  always 
taking  calls,  making  calls,  sitting  in 
on  meetings,  conducting  research. 
Time  is  of  the  essence. 

—Jacob  Dagger 
www.chordomafoundation.org 


12         DUKE  MAGAZINE 


V^f^S 

ft 

STUDENT  SNAPSHOT 

■ 

Patrick  Alexander,  helping 

inmates  find  their  voice 

J^^sF^f 

s  preparation  for  the  final 

Teaching  the  weekly  two-hour 

Hr                          ^^ 

meeting  of  the  African- 

course— "Express  Your  'Selves':  The 

-w 

American  literature  course 

Art  of  Creative  Self-Expression  in 

he  taught  last  summer, 

African  American  Literature" — has 

Duke  graduate  student  Patrick 

shown  Alexander,  a  second-year 

1 

Alexander  asked  his  students  to  write 
and  perform  a  piece  in  response  to  a 

graduate  student  in  English,  how 
themes  in  literature  can  be  shaped  by 

■^> 

1 

photograph.  The  photograph,  taken 

the  settings  in  which  they  are  read. 

tences.  Some  have  associate  degrees 

tives,  influencing  the  way  he  reads 

from  the  cover  of  a  local  alt-weekly 

In  each  class,  he  says,  "We  spent      i 

ar  had  earned  their  GEDs  in  prison. 

literature  for  his  academic  research. 

newspaper,  depicted  a  black  woman 

the  first  hour  or  so  on  these  actual 

Juggling  such  forces  felt  like  "a 

"My  work  there  speaks  in  a  very 

wrapped  in  a  white  robe,  standing 

texts  having  very  critical  discussions,     i 

Jance,"says  Alexander,  an  Ohio  na- 

immediate way  to  some  of  my  inter- 

before an  American  flag,  holding  a 

really  trying  to  build  our  close  read-      I 

tive  who  attended  Miami  University 

ests  in  engaging  themes  like  captivi- 

sign that  says,  simply/listen." 

ing  skills,  but  the  second  hour  was       i 

DfOhioasan  undergraduate.  "When  1 

ty,  confinement,  isolation,  etc.,  in  a 

After  all  of  his  students  had  per- 

much more  what  1  would  call'free,'       i 

>ay,  'It's  a  dance,' it's  me  being  willing 

lot  of  African-American  works." 

formed,  Alexander  took  the  floor  and 

where  it  was  about  creative  writing."    i 

to  set  aside  my  notes,  my  lecture 

"The  appropriation  of  prison 

rhythmically  intoned  his  own  spo- 

"He's inspiring,  that's  what  it  is,"       i 

lotes ...  and  be  vulnerable.  When 

space  into  an  enlivening  and  vibrant 

ken-word  poem. 

says  LeJhoyn  Holland,  a  student  from    ; 

,rou  dance,  you  have  to  be  willing  to 

intellectual  space,  not  a  deadening 

"Why  don't  you  listen?"he  said. 

Rocky  Mount,  Virginia.  "Being  in  here    1 

earn  from  another  person." 

one,  is  authentic  and  inspiring," says 

"Hear  the  subaltern  speak,  unlock 

in  prison,  you  don't  really  get  to  meet 

The  class  read  from  works  such  as 

Maurice  Wallace,  a  professor  of  Eng- 

your ears,  walk  through  the  tear 

a  lot  of  people  who  show  you  that        i 

Votive  Son  by  Richard  Wright,  Jonah's 

lish  and  African  and  African  American 

trails  of  years  I've  spent  turning  the 

they  care  and  they're  dedicated  to        i 

lourd  Vine  by  Zora  Neale  Hurston, 

studies  and  Alexander's  adviser.  "Few 

other  cheek— just  listen." 

what  they're  doing— he  comes  across    , 

snd'let  America  Be  America  Again" 

have  thought  through  prison  writing 

As  he  finished,  the  eleven  stu- 

just like  that."                               1 

3y  Langston  Hughes. 

as  carefully  as  Patrick.  And  being  as 

dents  rose  to  their  feet,  clapping  and 

In  teaching  the  course,  Alexander 

"These  are  people  who  had  it  hard 

young  as  he  is,  his  work  on  the  sub- 

shouting. The  audience  in  this  un- 

had to  contend  with  dynamics  un- 

my way  from  the  beginning,"  student 

ject  is  only  going  to  get  better." 

adorned  classroom  was  not  the  typi- 

usual to  college  classrooms.  At  twenty-    1 

Holland  says  of  the  characters  in  the 

—James  Todd 

cal  collection  of  Duke  students.  These 

four,  he  was  much  younger  than  his      1 

looks.  "Us  being  here  in  prison,  we 

students  were  inmates  at  the  all- 

students — one  had  been  in  prison        i 

tan  relate  to  that  because  the  strug- 

Todd '98  is  a  writer  in  Duke's  Office  of 

male  minimum  security  Orange  Cor- 

longer than  Alexander  has  been  alive,     i 

gle  is  still  before  us." 

News  and  Communications.  For  a 

rectional  Center  prison  in  nearby 

Some  of  his  students  were  incarcerated 

As  the  instructor,  Alexander  says 

longer  version  of  this  story  see  http:// 

Hillsborough,  North  Carolina. 

for  drug  charges,  others  have  life  sen-     1 

the  class  has  given  him  new  perspec- 

news.duke.edu/2007/10/patrick.html. 

Duke's  Economic  Impact 

Duke  has  a  $3.4  billion  annual  eco- 
nomic impact  on  the  city  and  county 
of  Durham,  according  to  a  recent 
study.  The  study,  conducted  bienni- 
ally by  Duke's  Office  of  Public  Affairs,  with 
help  from  such  local  organizations  as  the 
Greater  Durham  Chamber  of  Commerce  and 
the  Durham  Convention  and  Visitors  Bureau, 
tabulated  the  total  amount  of  spending  in 
Durham  by  the  university  and  its  health  sys- 
tem for  goods  and  services,  the  amount  of 
money  spent  locally  by  students  and  visitors, 


and  the  salaries  and  benefits  received  by 
Duke  employees  who  are  Durham  residents. 

The  latest  figures,  which  cover  fiscal  year 
2006-07,  show  an  increase  from  $3.2  billion 
two  years  ago  and  are  62  percent  higher  than 
the  economic  impact  of  $1.9  billion  when 
the  study  was  first  conducted  ten  years  ago. 

The  final  figure  was  determined  using  a 
standard  formula  developed  by  economists 
to  estimate  the  overall  impact  of  money  spent 
in  a  community.  This  approach  assumes  that 
every  dollar  spent  in  a  community  changes 
hands  a  number  of  times  within  that  com- 
munity before  it  leaves.  In  conducting  the  an- 


alysis, researchers  took  a  conservative  stance, 
assuming  that  each  dollar  of  the  $1.7  billion 
spent  by  Duke  over  the  course  of  the  year 
changed  hands  only  once. 

The  largest  portion  of  Duke's  economic 
impact  is  employment  related.  As  the  coun- 
ty's top  employer,  the  university  employed 
19,755  Durham  residents,  with  salaries  and 
benefits  totaling  $931  million.  (Just  under 
half  of  Duke's  work  force  lives  in  Durham.) 
The  next  largest  portion,  $426.6  million, 
comes  from  spending  by  Duke  students  and 
visitors  while  in  Durham. 

Another  $279  million  was  spent  by  Duke 


March- April  2008         13 


Gazette 

ACROSS  THE  CAMPUS 


Book  of  Hours, 

c.  1490,  workshop 

of  Jean  Bourdichon, 

Tours,  France. 

Ink,  gilt,  and 

tempera  on  vellum, 

6 'Ax  3  %  inches. 

Collection  of  the 

Nasher  Museum 

of  Art 


GALLERY 


in  purchasing  goods  and  services  in  Durham, 
including  more  than  698  individual  Dur- 
ham companies  that  do  business  with  the 
university  totaling  $10,000  or  more.  An  ad- 
ditional $77.3  million  comes  in  the  form  of 
donations  to  the  community,  including  un- 
compensated medical  care  and  support  for 
Durham  County  Emergency  Medical  Ser- 
vices and  the  Lincoln  Community  Health 
Center. 

The  report  found  that  about  15  percent  of 
Durham's  work  force  is  employed  by  Duke 
and  that,  on  average,  these  salaried  workers 
were  paid  $74,662;  hourly  workers  were 
paid  $42,436. 

"In  my  more  than  thirty  years  in  Durham, 
I  have  always  appreciated  that  Duke  Uni- 
versity is  an  important  economic  engine  for 
Durham,"  says  Phail  Wynn,  who  was  presi- 
dent of  Durham  Technical  Community  Col- 
lege before  becoming  Duke's  vice  president 
for  Durham  and  Regional  Affairs  last  year. 
"During  the  past  few  months,  as  I  have  been 
transitioning  into  my  new  position  at  Duke, 
I  have  come  to  appreciate  more  fully  the  ex- 
tent of  Duke's  many  partnerships  with  Dur- 
ham and  how  much  we  all  benefit  econom- 
ically and  culturally  from  Duke's  presence." 
pubaffairs.duke.edu/ 
reports/ economicimpact_0607.pdf 


Religion  Meets  Business 

Duke  Divinity  School  has  received  a 
$14  million  grant  from  the  Lilly  En- 
dowment Inc.  for  an  initiative'  that 
will  help  Christian  leaders  combine 
theological  insight  with  wise  business  prac- 
tices to  meet  "real  world"  challenges. 

When  fully  developed,  the  initiative  will 
provide  resources  for  leaders  of  key  Christian 
institutions  that  support  congregations  and 
pastors.  Its  reach  will  extend  from  bishops 
and  executive  directors  of  denominations 
to  senior  leaders  of  seminaries  and  other  or- 
ganizations that  serve  congregations. 

The  initiative  will  develop  programs  fo- 
cused on  leading  and  managing  Christian 
institutions.  Goals  include  helping  Christian 
leaders  analyze  the  pressing  issues  they  face, 
collaborate  with  one  another  in  creatively 
addressing  systemic  challenges,  and  support 
and  encourage  one  another  in  their  work. 

L.  Gregory  Jones  M.Div.  '85,  Ph.D.  '88, 
the  divinity  school's  dean,  says  the  initia- 
tive advances  the  school's  work  in  cultivat- 
ing pastoral  leaders,  building  on  the  exten- 
sive work  of  Pulpit  6k  Pew,  a  series  of  re- 
search and  other  programs  also  funded  by 
the  Lilly  Endowment. 

www.divinity.duke.edu 


Selections  from  the 
Nasher  Museum  of  Art 

The  Book  of  Hours  was  used  in  the  late  Middle 
Ages  as  a  private  prayer  book  for  daily  devo- 
tions. The  text  was  adapted  from  the  Psalter 
and  the  Breviary  (a  book  used  for  religious 
services).  Its  great  popularity  reflected  people's  con- 
cern for  a  more  direct  and  intimate  relationship  with 
God,  without  the  mediation  of  the  clergy. 

In  the  fourteenth  century,  illustrated  Books  of 
Hours  were  commissioned  by  nobles  and  aristocrats 
and  were  produced  by  workshops  headed  by  cele- 
brated painters.  By  the  fifteenth  century,  book  deal- 
ers and  lay  workshops  supplied  the  growing  demand 
from  affluent  townspeople. 

A  Book  of  Hours  was  more  than  a  compendium 
of  prayers  and  devotional  images.  It  provided  its 
owner  with  a  luxury  object  that  expressed  social 
status  and  served  as  a  family  reader  used  by  mothers 
to  educate  their  daughters.  The  Nasher's  Book  of 
Hours  was  probably  originally  owned  by  a  woman, 
identity  unknown,  who  is  shown  in  prayer  in  one  of 
the  early  pages. 

The  book  displays  the  luminous  colors  and  rich 
gold  details  for  which  medieval  books  are  famous.  It 
contains  thirteen  miniature  paintings  depicting  the 
life  of  the  virgin,  the  infancy  of  Christ,  the  crucifixion, 
and  the  torments  of  hell;  a  fully  illustrated  calendar 
with  zodiac  imagery  and  the  labors  of  the  months; 
and  thirteen  initials  that  are  "historiated"or  decorat- 
ed with  scenes  or  figures. 

On  this  page  we  see  the  flight  into  Egypt  of  Mary, 
Joseph,  and  the  baby  Jesus,  along  with  a  hunting 
scene  below,  and  a  grotesque  figure  with  bow  and 
arrow  on  the  side  margin.  These  kinds  of  separate 
marginal  images — scenes  of  everyday  life  and  of 
the  fantastical — were  often  incorporated  into  Books 
of  Hours.  Scholars  refer  to  them  as  "marginalia." 

The  open-air,  naturalistic  landscape  and  apparent 
continuity  between  separate  scenes  on  the  same 
page  are  typical  of  this  later  medieval  period. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Gazette 

STATE  OF  THE  ARTS 


50  Years:  Priceless 

You  might  think  that  Reynolds 
Price  would  be  accustomed  by 
now  to  the  critical  acclaim  and 
widespread  recognition  of  his 
achievements.  After  all,  he's  been  a 
Rhodes  Scholar,  National  Book  Critics 
Circle  winner,  Pulitzer  Prize  finalist,  and 
American  Academy  and  Institute  of  Arts 
and  Letters  inductee.  He's  written  dozens 
of  books,  taught  and  mentored  countless 
Duke  students,  and  established  a  place  in 
literary  and  academic  history. 

But  as  he  surveyed  the  standing-room- 
only  crowd  gathered  in  Duke  Chapel  to 
hear  him  in  conversation  with  author 
Toni  Morrison,  Price  '55  declared  that 
the  three-day  midwinter  celebration  of 
his  career  "has  been  one  of  the  greatest 
weekends  of  my  life." 

That  celebration,  A  Jubilee  for  Rey- 
nolds Price:  50  Years  a  Teacher  at  Duke, 
underscored  the  far-reaching  influence 
the  native  North  Carolinian  has  had  on 
his  alma  mater,  where  he  has  taught  for 
fifty  years,  and  on  the  wider  world.  More 
than  a  mere  lovefest — well,  it  was  that, 
too — the  series  of  discussions,  film 
screenings,  and  staged  readings  paid  trib- 
ute to  Price's  distinct  yet  overlapping 
identities  as  a  scholar,  writer,  teacher, 
and  friend. 

The  jubilee  began  on  Thursday,  Janu- 
ary 3 1 ,  with  the  screening  of  two  docu- 
mentary films  about  Price:  Passing  It  On 
and  Clear  Pictures,  which  earned  film- 
maker Charles  Guggenheim  an  Academy 
Award  nomination.  That  evening, 
Emmy  Award-winning  television  host 
Charlie  Rose  '64,  J.D.  '68  and  Price 
engaged  in  a  spirited  conversation  that 
included  recollections  of  meeting  each 
other  in  the  fall  of  1961,  how  their 
respective  world  views  were  shaped  by 
growing  up  in  North  Carolina,  the  last- 
ing impact  of  good  teachers,  the  central 
place  of  family  dynamics  in  Price's  works, 
and  the  ways  in  which  Price's  four-year 


battle  with  spinal  cancer  tested  his  faith. 

Friday — Price's  seventy-fifth  birthday — 
included  several  panel  discussions.  A  par- 
ticularly provocative  session  featured  Dean 
of  the  Chapel  Sam  Wells  and  former  Duke 
English  department  chair  Stanley  Fish, 
who  explored  religious  and  philosophical 
themes  raised  in  select  Price  writings, 
including  Three  Gospels,  Letter  to  a  Man  in 
the  Fire:  Does  God  Exist  and  Does  He  Care? , 
A  Serious  Way  of  Wondering:  The  Ethics  of 
)esits  Imagined,  and  Price's  essays  and  inter- 
pretations of  John  Milton's  Paradise  Lost. 
Wells  speculated  on  what  the  "Church  of 
Reynolds  Price"  might  look  like  (a  church 
that  involves  an  enduring  connection 
between  the  individual  and  his  creator,  he 
said),  while  Fish  explored  the  concept  of 
free  will  and  other  themes  as  they  play 
themselves  out  in  Paradise  Lost,  which  both 
he  and  Price  teach. 

At  the  Toni  Morrison  event,  Price 
launched  the  session  by  reading  a  poem  he 
had  penned  as  a  tribute  to  their  friendship. 
The  jubilee  closed  later  that  afternoon  with 


a  staged  reading  of  Price's  Private  Content- 
ment by  actor  Annabeth  Gish  '93  and  a  cast 
of  current  students. 

During  the  weekend,  Provost  Peter  Lange 
announced  the  creation  of  the  Reynolds 
Price  Professorship,  jointly  funded  through 
The  Duke  Endowment  and  The  Homeland 
Foundation,  whose  president,  E.  Lisk  Wyck- 
offjr.  '55,  is  a  classmate  and  friend  of  Price. 

More  than  1 ,200  students,  alumni,  and 
Price  fans  from  all  over  the  country  con- 
verged on  campus  for  the  event,  which  was 
organized  by  Rachel  Davies  72,  A.M.  '89, 
director  of  alumni  education  and  travel, 
and  Ian  Baucom,  chair  of  the  English  de- 
partment, in  conjunction  with  seven  other 
campus  departments  and  organizations. 
Streaming  video  of  the  sessions  can  be  found 
online  at  dukealumni .com/jubilee . 


March- April  2008 


STATE  OF  THE  ARTS 


Old  Masters,  New  Concept 


■  n  April,  the  Museum  of  Fine  Arts,  Bos- 
I  ton,  will  present  a  new  exhibition  fea- 

■  turing  the  work  of  two  of  the  world's 
I  greatest  painters — El  Greco  and  Velaz- 
quez. The  exhibition's  next  stop:  Duke's 
Nasher  Museum  of  Art. 

"El  Greco  to  Velazquez:  Art  During  the 
Reign  of  Philip  III"  was  organized  as  a  part- 
nership between  the  two  museums.  It  is  co- 
curated  by  Sarah  Schroth,  Nancy  Hanks 
Senior  Curator  at  the  Nasher,  and  Ronnie 
Baer,  Mrs.  Russell  W.  Baker  Senior  Curator 
of  European  Paintings  at  the  MFA. 

In  addition  to  El  Greco  and  Velazquez, 
the  show  will  feature  works  by  lesser-known 
artists  who  worked  alongside  them,  includ- 
ing Juan  Bautista  Maino,  Juan  Sanchez 
Cotan,  Luis  Tristan,  and  Gregorio  Fernan- 
dez. It  will  gather  the  best  examples  of  art 


made  during  the  reign  of  King  Philip  III  of 
Spain  (1598-1621),  now  considered  integral 
to  the  Golden  Age  of  Spanish  painting. 

The  exhibition  is  the  culmination  of  twen- 
ty years  of  research  by  Schroth.  Nasher  offi- 
cials say  it  will  bring  about  a  complete  re- 
evaluation  of  this  chapter  in  art  history,  high- 
lighting masterpieces  by  Spanish  artists  who 
created  a  new  visual  language  that  expressed 
the  political,  social,  and  religious  demands 
of  their  time  and  echoed  the  innovations  of 
their  literary  counterparts — Miguel  Cervan- 
tes, Luis  de  Gongora  y  Argote,  and  others. 

Under  the  young  King  Philip  III,  natural- 
ism in  Spanish  art  flourished.  The  earliest 
still  lifes  were  created,  polychrome  sculpture 
became  more  realistic,  and  new,  more  realis- 
tic light  effects  were  used.  In  sharp  contrast  to 

St.  James  (Santiago  el  Mayor),  El  Greco,  circa 
1610-14.  Oil  on  canvas,  Museo  del  Greco,  Toledo 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


the  austere  style  of  art  favored  by  his  father, 
Philip  II,  portraiture  during  the  reign  of  Philip 
III  became  more  ostentatious.  Concurrently, 
representations  of  sacred  figures  were  hu- 
manized and  brought  down  to  earth. 

The  show's  catalogue  includes  more  than 
100  paintings,  sculptures,  and  decorative 
pieces,  including  seven  works  by  El  Greco, 
three  by  Velazquez,  two  by  Jusepe  de  Ribera, 
and  one  by  Flemish  artist  Peter  Paul  Ru- 
bens, painted  during  his  1603  diplomatic  mis- 
sion to  Spain.  Important  loans  will  come  from 
museums  in  Spain  and  five  other  countries; 
some  works  are  traveling  for  the  first  time. 

"El  Greco  to  Velazquez"  runs  at  the  MFA, 

Boston,  April  20  to  July  27,  and  at  the  Nasher 

from  August  21  to  November  9.  Tickets  for 

the  Nasher  exhibit  go  on  sale  June  1. 

www.nasher.duke.edu 

Focus  on  Full  Frame 

Renowned  screenwriter  Dalton  Trum- 
bo  was  called  before  the  House  Com- 
mittee on  Un-American  Activities  in 
1947  to  testify  on  the  influence  of  the 
Communist  Party  in  Hollywood.  After  refus- 


BIBLIO-FILE 


Selections  from  the  Rare  Book 
Manuscript,  and  Special 
Collections  Library 

Comic  books  are  every- 
where: adapted  for  the 
movies,  discussed  in  litera- 
ture classes,  stowed  in 
closets  and  attics  worldwide.  They 
have  even  found  a  place  in  academic 
research,  college  courses,  and  the 
collections  of  university  libraries. 
Comics  (and  their  slightly  more 
refined  brethren,  graphic  novels)  tell 
fascinating  stories — and  not  just  in 
words  and  pictures.  Changes  in  paper 
guality  and  production  methods 
chart  the  progress  of  the  comic- 
book industry  and  the  development 
of  the  audience  for  the  genre.  The 
evolution  of  page  layouts,  drawing 
and  coloring  styles,  and  lettering 
reveals  much  about  storytelling  and 
narrative;  a  study  of  comic-book 
design  and  creation  offers  insights 
into  a  uniguely  collaborative  and 
freguently  corporate  activity.  Looking 


at  the  uses  of  comics 
for  marketing  and  advertising,  espe- 
cially advertising  to  children,  is  also 
instructive. 

Comics  can  be  studied  as  serial- 
ized literature,  ideological  tools,  and 
reflections  of  their  eras'anxieties  and 
obsessions.  The  superhero  mytholo- 
gies that  have  so  dominated  popular 
filmmaking  recently  can,  of  course, 
be  followed  down  their  labyrinthine 
paths,  from  a  hero's  "secret  origin" 
to  his  or  her  death  and,  freguently, 
rebirth.  But  there  are  many  more 
varieties;  war,  romance,  science-fic- 
tion, horror,  and  humor  comics  have 


Covers  of  Two-Fisted 
Tales  No.  25;  Weird  Fantasy 
I     No.  13;  Flash  Comics 
No.  73;  Zap  Comics  No.  8; 
Girl  Genius  No.  1 

all  had  their  day,  and  the  under- 
ground comics  of  R.  Crumb  and  other 
artists  created  and  nurtured  a  comics 
counterculture  that  continues  today. 
The  proliferation  of  small  and  inde- 
pendent publishers  beginning  in  the 
980s  has  continued  this  trend  and 
led  to  the  broadening  of  comics'  sub- 
ject matter  and  experimentation 
with  the  art  form. 

The  comic-book  collection  of 
Edwin  Murray  72  and  Terry  Murray, 
preserved  in  the  Rare  Book, 
Manuscript,  and  Special  Collections 
Library,  fills  Duke's  need  for  primary 
resources  documenting  the  most 
influential  new  print  media  of  the 
twentieth  century.  The  collection 
includes  more  than  55,000  comics 
from  the  1930s  to  the  present,  from 
a  wide  range  of  publishers. 


www.library.duke.edu/specialcollections 


ing  to  divulge  information,  he  was  convicted 
of  contempt  of  Congress  and  blacklisted. 

Trumbo  is  the  subject  of  a  documentary  by 
director  Peter  Askin  that  traces  the  writer's 
journey  from  Hollywood  royalty  to  black- 
listed writer  to  Academy  Award  winner  (in 
1956,  for  The  BraveOne,  written  under  a  pseu- 
donym). He  was  reinstated  to  the  Writers 
Guild  in  1960.  The  film,  called,  simply,  Trum- 
bo, has  been  selected  to  kick  off  this  year's  Full 
Frame  Documentary  Film  Festival.  Duke  and 
The  New  York  Times  are  the  main  sponsors. 

The  festival  will  run  from  April  3  to  6  and 
will  feature  almost  100  films.  The  festival's 
selection  committee  has  screened  a  record 
1,200  submissions;  it  was  to  announce  its  fi- 
nal list  on  March  6. 

In  addition,  the  festival  commissioned 
award-winning  filmmaker  Lourdes  Portillo  to 
curate  a  series  of  five  or  six  films  on  the  theme 
of  migration.  The  series  will  examine  the 


meaning  of  home  as  a  place  of  origin  and 
what  happens  when  a  person  leaves  home. 

The  festival  will  also  honor  filmmaker  Wil- 
liam Greaves  with  its  2008  Career  Award. 
During  his  career,  Greaves  has  worked  as  a 
director,  writer,  producer,  editor,  cameraman, 
actor,  dancer,  teacher,  and  songwriter. 

After  leaving  a  promising  career  as  an  ac- 
tor, he  produced  and  directed  four  feature 
films  and  scores  of  documentary  shorts  and 
television  programs.  Many  of  his  films — Ali 
The  Fighter,  Ida  B.  Wells:  A  Passion  for  Jus- 
tice, and  Ralph  Bunche:  An  American  Odyssey 
— explore  the  lives  of  extraordinary  African 
Americans,  both  famous  and  forgotten. 

Greaves'  films  have  won  more  than  sev- 
enty international  film-festival  awards,  an 
Emmy,  and  four  Emmy  nominations.  He 
was  inducted  into  the  Black  Filmmakers' 
HallofFameinl980. 

www.fullframefest.org 


March- April  2008 


Gazette 

RESEARCH  FRONTIERS 


Cuing  Behavior  Changes 

We  often  chalk  up  unhealthy  habits 
— out  own,  as  well  as  those  of 
others — to  a  simple  lack  of  will- 
power. But  Duke  psychologist 
Wendy  Wood  suggests  that  those  seeking, 
for  example,  to  eat  healthier  foods,  lose 
weight,  or  cut  down  on  television  time  may 
want  to  instead  look  outward,  to  their  envi- 
ronment. 

"Many  of  our  repeated  behaviors  are  cued 
by  everyday  environments,  even  though 
people  think  they're  making  choices  all  the 
time,"  says  Wood,  James  B.  Duke  Professor 
of  psychology  and  neuroscience.  "Most  peo- 
ple don't  [realize]  that  the  reason  they  eat 
fast  food  at  lunch  or  snack  from  the  vending     own  corresponding  region  of  the  brain, 


requires  understanding  the  triggers  to  your 
own  behavior." 

In  another  study,  she  found  that  college 
students  who  transferred  to  a  new  university 
were  able  to  break  their  television-watch- 
ing habit  if  the  television  was  in  a  different 
location  at  their  new  school.  Students  who 
found  the  television  in  the  same  location 
were  less  successful  at  breaking  the  habit. 
www.duke.edu/-wwood/habits.html 

Seen  and  Heard 

he  prevailing  wisdom  among  brain 
scientists  has  been  that  each  of  the 
five  senses — sight,  hearing,  smell, 
touch,  and  taste — is  governed  by  its 


T 


machine  in  late  afternoon  is  because  these 
actions  are  cued  by  their  daily  routines,  the 
sight  and  smell  of  the  food,  or  the  location 
they're  in." 

Alcoholics  and  addicts  have  long  been 
counseled  to  avoid  things  that  trigger  their 
cravings,  such  as  frequenting  bars.  But  re- 
search indicates  that  environmental  cues 
can  control  other  behavior,  as  well. 

For  example,  Wood  conducted  studies 
demonstrating  that  people  repeat  well-prac- 
ticed actions  regardless  of  whether  they 
intend  to  do  so.  She  found  that  people  with 


says  Jennifer  Groh,  associate  professor  of 
psychology  and  neuroscience.  "The  view  has 
been  that  each  of  these  areas  processes  the 
information  separately  and  sends  that  infor- 
mation to  the  cortex,  which  puts  it  all  to- 
gether at  the  end." 

But  a  recent  study  conducted  by  Groh 
and  a  team  from  her  multisensory  research 
lab  offers  surprising  new  insights  into  how 
the  brain  processes  a  multitude  of  stimuli 
from  the  outside  world.  By  studying  mon- 
keys, the  researchers  found  that  informa- 
tion from  the  eyes  and  ears  is  actually  pro- 


a  habit  of  purchasing  fast  food  at  a  particular     cessed  together  before  the  combined  signals 
place  tended  to  keep  doing  so,  even  after     make  it  to  the  cortex. 


deciding  they  no  longer  wanted  to. 

That's  because  physical  locations  are  some 
of  the  most  powerful  cues  to  behavior,  Woods 
says.  A  person  who  wants  to  stop  eating  fast 
food  might  change  travel  routes  to  avoid 


Groh  is  especially  interested  in  a  tiny 
round  structure  in  the  brain  known  as  the 
inferior  colliculus.  This  structure,  less  than 
a  half- inch  in  diameter,  is  located  in  the 
most  primitive  area  of  the  brain.  It  is  one  of 


passing  the  restaurant.  "You  need  to  change     several  early  stops  in  the  brain  for  signals 


the  context.  You  need  to 
change  the  cues.  And  that 


leaving  the  ear,  headed  for  the  cortex. 

"In  our  experiments,  we  found  that 
this  structure,  which  had  been  assumed 
to  mainly  process  auditory  information, 
actually  responds  to  visual  information  as 
well,"  Groh  says.  "In  fact,  about  64  percent 
of  the  neurons  in  the  inferior  collicu- 
lus can  carry  visual  as  well  as  audi- 
tory signals.  This  means  that 


Read  my  lips:  Edgar  Bergen  and  Charlie  McCarthy 

visual  and  auditory  information  gets  com- 
bined quite  early,  and  before  the  'thinking 
part'  of  the  brain  can  make  sense  of  it." 

That  is  why  ventriloquism  seems  to  work, 
she  says.  The  association  between  the  voice 
and  the  moving  mouth  of  the  dummy  is 
made  before  the  viewer  consciously  thinks 
about  it.  The  same  process  may  also  explain 
why  the  words  being  spoken  by  a  talking 
head  on  television  appear  to  be  coming  out 
of  the  mouth,  even  though  the  television 
speakers  are  located  to  the  side  of  the  set. 

"The  eyes  see  the  lips  moving,  and  the  ears 
hear  the  sound,  and  the  brain  immediately 
jumps  to  the  conclusion  about  the  origin  of 
the  voice,"  she  says. 

The  results  of  the  experiments  were  pub- 
lished online  in  the  Proceedings  of  the  Na- 
tional Academy  of  Sciences.  Groh  and  her  team 
are  now  conducting  experiments  to  deter- 
mine whether  one  of  the  senses  influences 
how  the  other  is  perceived. 
www.pnas.org 
www.duke.edu/-jmgroh 

Complicating 
Disease  Detection 

Doctors  may  be  missing  prostate  can- 
cers in  obese  men  because  the  tell- 
tale blood  marker  used  to  detect 
the  disease  can  be  falsely  interpret- 
ed as  low  in  this  population,  according  to  a 
new  study  led  by  Duke  Prostate  Center 
researchers. 

"Obese  men  have  more  blood  circulating 
throughout  their  bodies  than  normal-weight 


DUKE  MAGA/ INK 


men,  and  as  a  result,  the  concentration  of 
prostate-specific  antigen,  or  PSA,  in  the 
blood — the  gold  standard  for  detecting 
prostate  cancer — can  become  diluted,"  says 
Stephen  Freedland,  assistant  professor  of 
urology  and  senior  researcher  on  a  study 
published  in  the  journal  of  the  American 
Medical  Association. 

"We've  known  for  a  while  that  obese  men 
tend  to  have  lower  PSA  scores  than  nor- 
mal-weight men,  but  our  study  really  pro- 
poses a  reason  why  this  happens  and  points 
to  the  need  for  an  adjustment  in  the  way  we 
interpret  PSA  scores  that  will  take  body 
weight  into  account." 

Researchers  compared  the  medical 
records  of  almost  14,000  patients  who  had 
undergone  radical  prostatectomy  surgery  for 
the  treatment  of  prostate  cancer  between 
1988  and  2006  at  Johns  Hopkins,  Duke, 
and  five  Veterans  Affairs  hospitals.  They 
analyzed  the  relationship  between  body 
mass  index — which  is  a  measure  of  obesi- 
ty— and  PSA  concentration  levels,  while 
also  examining  the  blood  volume  in  the 
patients'  bodies  and  the  total  amount  of 
PSA  protein  found  in  the  blood,  known  as 
PSA  mass. 

They  found  a  direct  correlation  between 
higher  body  mass  index,  higher  blood  vol- 
ume, and  lower  PSA  concentration.  In  this 
study,  PSA  mass  across  all  groups  was  com- 
parable, despite  differences  in  body  weight, 
leading  the  researchers  to  believe  that  the 
larger  blood  volume  is  responsible  for  lower- 
ing the  concentration  of  PSA,  which  is 
what  doctors  typically  measure  when  look- 
ing for  prostate  cancer,  Freedland  says. 

The  study  illustrates  a  potentially  serious 
consequence  of  the  obesity  epidemic,  says 
Carmen  Rodriguez,  an  American  Cancer 
Society  epidemiologist  and  co-author  of  the 
study,  adding  that  other  studies  have  linked 
obesity  to  more  aggressive  prostate  cancers. 
If  their  prostate  cancers  are  being  detected 
later  because  of  the  dilution  of  PSA,  this 
may  help,  in  part,  to  explain  why  obese  men 
tend  to  have  more  aggressive  cancers, 
Freedland  says. 

www.youtube.com/user/dukemedicine 
jama.ama-assn.org 


Monkey  muse:  Robot  responds  to  primate 

brain  signals,  below;  Nicolelis,  right,  monitors 

experiment  from  his  Duke  lab 


In  a  first-of-its-kind  experiment,  the 
brain  activity  of  a  monkey  has  been 
used  to  control  the  real-time  walking 
patterns  of  a  robot  halfway  around 
the  world. 

The  experiment  was  a  joint  effort  be- 
tween a  team  from  Duke  Medical  Center 
and  researchers  at  the  Computational 
Brain  Project  of  the  Japan  Science  and 
Technology  Agency.  The  researchers  say 
the  technology  they  are  developing  could 
one  day  help  those  with  paralysis  regain 
the  ability  to  walk. 

"This  is  a  breakthrough  in  our  under- 
standing of  how  the  brain  controls  the 
movement  of  our  legs,  which  is  vital  in- 
formation needed  to  ultimately  develop 
robotic  prosthesis,"  says  senior  study  inves- 
tigator Miguel  Nicolelis,  Anne  W.  Deane 
Professor  of  neuroscience  at  Duke. 

Researchers  implanted  electrodes  in 
the  brains  of  two  rhesus  monkeys  to  cap- 
ture the  activity  of  hundreds  of  brain 
cells  located  in  the  animals'  motor  and 
sensory  cortexes.  They  measured  how  the 
cells  responded  as  each  monkey  walked 
on  a  treadmill  at  a  variety  of  speeds,  for- 
ward and  backward.  At  the  same  time, 
sensors  on  the  monkeys'  legs  tracked  their 
movements. 

Using  mathematical  models,  the  re- 
searchers were  able  to  analyze  the  relation- 
ship between  leg  movement  and  brain-cell 
activity  to  determine  how  well  the  infor- 
mation gathered  from  the  brain  cells  was 
able  to  predict  the  exact  speed  of  move- 
ment and  stride  length  of  the  legs. 

The  researchers  were  then  able  to  trans- 
mit the  motor  commands  from  a  monkey 
to  the  robot  in  Japan.  As  a  result,  Nicolelis 


East  Meets  West 


says,  the  monkey  and  the  robot  were  able 
to  "walk  in  complete  synchronization." 

Even  more  amazing,  Nicolelis  says,  is 
that  when  the  monkey  stopped  walking, 
"it  was  able  to  sustain  the  locomotion  of 
the  robot  for  a  few  minutes — just  by 
thinking"  while  watching  a  live  video  of 
the  robot  walking. 

The  experiment  built  on  earlier  work 
conducted  by  Nicolelis'  laboratory  in 
which  monkeys  were  able  to  control  the 
reaching  and  grasping  movements  of  a 
robotic  arm  with  only  their  brain  signals. 
The  researchers  are  estimating  that  work 
will  begin  within  the  next  year  to  devel- 
op prototypes  of  the  robotic  leg  braces  for 
potential  use  with  humans. 
www.nicolelislab.net 


u 


sing  acupuncture  before  and  during 
surgery  significantly  reduces  the 
level  of  pain  and  the  amount  of  po- 
tent painkillers  needed  by  patients 


after  the  surgery  is  over,  according  to  a  group 
of  Duke  Medical  Center  anesthesiologists. 

"The  most  important  outcome  for  the  pa- 
tient is  the  reduction  of  the  side  effects  as- 
sociated with  opioids,"  a  class  of  medica- 
tions that  includes  morphine,  says  Tong  Joo 


March- April  2008 


RESEARCH  FRONTIERS 


Gan,  a  Duke  anesthesiologist  who  present- 
ed the  results  of  the  analysis  at  the  annual 
conference  of  the  American  Society  for  An- 
esthesiology. While  opioids  are  effective  in 
controlling  pain,  the  side  effects  of  the  drugs 
often  influence  a  patient's  recovery  from, 


SYLLABUS 

BIOLOGY  224L  -  Herpetology 


and  satisfaction  with,  surgery,  Gan  says. 

According  to  Gan's  team,  patients  who 
received  acupuncture  had  a  significantly 
lower  risk  of  developing  the  side  effects  most 
commonly  associated  with  opioids,  com- 
pared with  a  control  group:  1.5  times  lower 


nakes,  lizards,  and  frogs  on 
a  plane!  With  the  recent 
addition  of  herpetology  to 
the  biology  department, 
students  now  know  why  Samuel  L. 
Jackson  was  yelling. 

Through  his  course,  designed  for 
non-majors,  assistant  professor 
Manuel  Leal  aims  to  introduce  stu- 
dents to  the  breadth  and  scope  of 
herpetology,  the  study  of  amphib- 
ians and  non-avian  reptiles,  or 
"herps."  Students  will  spend  time  in 
thelabinordertoacguireabasic 
knowledge  of  different  species,  and 
perhaps  dissect  a  few.  However, 
Leal  is  quick  to  say  that  he  is  not 
interested  in  the  simple  memoriza- 
tion of  facts;  rather,  he  concerns 
himself  with  the  "bigger  picture" 
of  organisms  and  how  they  interact. 
"By  the  end  of  the  semester,"  he 
explains,  "students  should  be  able 
to  identify  main  differences  between 
families  and  the  overall  evolutionary 
trajectory  of  their  unique  lineages." 
Other  course  themes  include 
morphology,  physiology,  behavior, 
and  ecology. 

Included  in  the  course  are  field 
trips  to  several  locations,  including 
the  Duke  Marine  Lab  in  Beaufort,  a 
research  station  in  the  Smoky 
Mountains,  and  nearby  Duke  Forest, 
where  students  will  observe  organ- 
isms in  their  natural  habitats.  One  of 
the  advantages  of  a  herpetology 
course  in  North  Carolina,  a  state  with 
abundant  populations  of  herps,  is 
that  students  can  learn  about  what  is 


around  them.  While  the  course  does 
not  focus  specifically  on  habitats 
themselves,  students  will  explore 
differences  between  various  ecologi- 
cal habitats,  from  ponds  to  lowlands. 
Leal  says  the  exploration  of  herps 
and  their  native  environments  will 
allow  students  to  make  connections 
to  pertinent  overarching  issues  in 
biology,  most  notably  global  warm- 
ing. "Amphibians  experienced  some 
of  the  first  changes  from  global 
warming,"  he  notes,  including 
declines  or  extinctions  in  some  tropi- 
cal lineages  due  to  more  stressful 
conditions  and  habitat  disturbances. 
But  why  herps,  beyond  their  obvi- 
ous Blockbuster  appeal  when 
released  30,000  feet  above  the 
ground?  To  Leal,  it  is  "not  that  [herps] 
are  more  interesting  than  any  other 
group,  but  that  they  have  unto  them- 
selves very  unique  characteristics," 
including  regeneration,  rapid  color 
change,  infrared  sensitivity,  and  pro- 
trusible  tongues.  He  points  out  the 
tendency  to  take  snakes'characteris- 
tics  and  use  them  to  denote  negative 
traits  in  humans:  cold-blooded, 
heartless,  sneaky.  Ultimately,  howev- 
er, it  is  herps' wide  variation  that 
attracted  Leal,  luring  him  away  from 
his  earlier  studies  of  birds.  Calling  on 
the  inspiration  of  his  first  herpetol- 
ogy teachers,  he  muses,  "Birds  are 
glorified  lizards  with  feathers."" 

Professor 

Manuel  Leal  joined  the  Duke  faculty 
in  2006  as  an  assistant  professor  in 


the  biology  department.  He  earned 
his  B.S.  and  M.S.  in  biology  from  the 
University  of  Puerto  Rico,  Rio  Piedras, 
and  his  Ph.D.  from  Washington   ■ 
University  in  St.  Louis.  He  continued 
his  postdoctoral  studies  at  Vanderbilt 
University.  His  research  interests 
include  animal  communication  and 
the  behavioral  and  evolutionary 
ecology  of  lizards. 

Prerequisites 

None 


Students'  textbook  is  The  Firefly  Ency- 
clopedia of  Reptiles  and  Amphibians, 
but  they  also  read  a  variety  of  pri- 
mary literature. 


Exams,  labs,  independent  research 
projects,  an  oral  presentation,  and 
two  "species  account"  papers,  in 
which  students  choose  a  species  to 
profile,  covering  its  habitat,  physiolo- 
gy, and  behavior. 

— Sarah  Takvorian 


^1 


rates  of  nausea,  1 .3  times  fewer  incidences 
of  severe  itching,  1.6  times  fewer  reports  of 
dizziness,  and  3.5  times  fewer  cases  of  uri- 
nary retention. 

Numerous  studies,  some  conducted  by 
Gan,  have  demonstrated  that  acupuncture 
can  also  be  more  effective  than  current 
medications  in  lessening  the  occurrence  of 
common  side  effects.  Acupuncture  has  the 
added  benefits  of  being  inexpensive,  with 
virtually  no  side  effects  when  administered 
correctly,  Gan  says. 

Evolution  of  the  Sexes 

I  ungi  don't  exactly  come  in  boy  and 
girl  varieties,  but  they  do  have  sex 
differences.  In  fact,  a  new  finding 
from  Duke  Medical  Center  shows  that 
some  of  the  earliest  evolved  forms  of  fungi 
contain  clues  to  how  the  sexes  evolved  in 
higher  animals,  including  that  distant  cous- 
in of  fungus,  the  human. 

A  team  lead  by  Joseph  Heitman,  James  B. 
Duke  Professor  of  molecular  genetics  and 
microbiology,  has  isolated  sex-determining 
genes  from  one  of  the  oldest  known  types  of 
fungi,  Phycomyces  bhkesleeanus.  The  findings 
of  their  study  appear  in  the  journal  Nature. 

Fungi  do  not  have  entire  sex  chromo- 
somes, like  the  familiar  X  and  Y  chromo- 
somes that  determine  sexual  identity  in 
humans.  Instead,  they  have  sex-determin- 
ing sequences  of  DNA  called  "mating-type 
loci,"  which  exhibit  an  unusual  amount  of 
diversity  among  species.  Heitman's  group 
hypothesized  that  the  sex-determining  ar- 
rangement found  in  one  of  the  earliest 
forms  of  fungi  might  reveal  the  ancestral 
structure  of  mating-type  loci,  thereby  serv- 
ing as  a  sort  of  molecular  fossil. 

To  identify  the  mating-type  loci  in  Prry-  I 
comyces,  the  researchers  used  a  computer  | 
search  to  compare  known  mating-type  loci  I 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


ocus 


WITH  DUE  DELIBERATION 

s  a  Ph.D.  candidate  in  social  psychology  with  an  interest  in  small- 


a  professor  to  an  appeal  of  a  murder  case.  At  the  professor's 


Since  that  serendipitous 
behavior.  While  public  percept 


mmmmmmm 


le  cases-the  exoneration  of  O.J.  Simncnn 


ussell  M.  Robinson  II  Professor  of  law,  argues  in  a  new  b 


iiaiMiii 


so  fascinated  by  it,"  Vidmar  says.  "They  deliberate  with  seriousness  you 
wouldn't  believe." 


Gazette 


RESEARCH  FRONTIERS 


Vive  la  difference:  When  it  comes  to  determining  sex,  humans  and  fungi  may  share  common  origins 


in  the  genomes  of  other  fungal  lineages,  and 
then  genetic  mapping.  Within  this  stretch  of 
DNA,  they  were  able  to  isolate  two  versions 
of  a  gene  that  regulates  mating,  which  they 
dubbed  sexM  (sex  minus)  and  sexP  (sex  plus). 
Strains  of  fungi  with  opposite  versions  of  the 
sex  genes  are  able  to  mate  with  each  other. 

Both  versions  of  the  gene,  sexM  and  sexP, 
encode  for  a  single  protein  called  a  high 
mobility  group  (HMG)  domain  protein 
that  leads  to  sex  differentiation  through  an 
unknown  process.  This  protein  is  very  simi- 
lar to  one  encoded  by  the  human  Y  chro- 
mosome, called  SRY,  that  when  turned  on 
leads  a  developing  fetus  to  exhibit  male 
characteristics.  Heitman  says  this  similarity 
suggests  that  HMG-domain  proteins  may 
mark  the  evolutionary  beginnings  of  sex 
determination  in  both  fungi  and  humans. 

Heitman's  team  proposes  that  sexM  and 
sexP  were  once  the  same  gene  that  went 
through  a  mutation  process  called  inver- 
sion. The  new  versions  then  evolved  into 
two  separate  sex  genes.  The  same  process  is 
most  likely  responsible  for  the  evolution  of 
the  male  Y  chromosome,  he  says. 
www.nature.com 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


In  Brief 

%t  Lindsey  Harding  '07  had  her  number  10 
jersey  retired  during  halttime  of  a  women's 
basketball  game  against  N.C.  State  in  January. 
Harding,  now  a  rookie  guard  for  the  Minne- 
sota Lynx  of  the  WNBA,  is  the  second  wom- 
en's basketball  player  to  receive  the  honor. 

V  John  Kerr  '87  has  been  named  head 
coach  of  the  men's  soccer  team.  A  two-time 
first-team  All-ACC  and  All- America  dur- 
ing his  playing  days,  Kerr  won  national 
player-of-the-year  honors  as  captain  of  the 
1986  national  championship  squad.  After 
leaving  Duke,  he  played  for  the  U.S.  Na- 
tional Team  and  professional  clubs  in  Eu- 
rope, Canada,  and  the  U.S.  For  the  last 
nine  years,  Kerr  served  as  head  coach  at 
Harvard  University,  where  he  amassed  a 
record  of  81-57-13,  finishing  with  two  con- 
secutive trips  to  the  NCAA  tournament. 

V  Toril  Moi,  James  B.  Duke  Professor  of 
literature  and  Romance  studies,  has  re- 
ceived the  Modern  Language  Association 
of  America's  fifteenth  annual  Aldo  and 
Jeanne  Scaglione  Prize  for  Comparative 


Literary  Studies  for  her  book  Henrik  Ibsen 
and  the  Birth  of  Modernism:  Art,  Theater, 
Philosophy.  The  prize  is  awarded  annually 
for  an  outstanding  scholarly  work  that  is 
written  by  a  member  of  the  association  and 
that  involves  at  least  two  literatures. 

if  Nancy  A.  Nasher  J.D.  '79  and  her  hus- 
band, David  J.  Haemisegger,  pledged  $1 
million  to  the  Nasher  Museum  of  Art  to  en- 
dow a  curatorship  named  for  Nasher's  late 
parents:  the  Patsy  R.  and  Raymond  D.  Nasher 
Curatorship  of  Contemporary  Art.  Raymond 
Nasher  '43,  who  died  in  2007,  was  the  mu- 
seum's founder  and  namesake.  In  addition, 
the  university's  board  of  trustees  voted  to 
name  the  museum's  lecture  hall  the  Nancy 
A.  Nasher  and  David  J.  Haemisegger  Family 
Lecture  Hall,  in  recognition  of  their  contin- 
ued support  of  the  museum. 

\f  Arlie  O.  Petters,  professor  of  mathe- 
matics and  physics  and  the  subject  of  a  feature 
story  in  Duke  Magazine's  January-February 
2008  issue,  has  been  designated  by  the  Queen 
of  England  as  a  Member  of  the  Most  Excel- 
lent Order  of  the  British  Empire.  The  award 
cited  his  "services  to  science  and  education." 

^  Edward  Skloot,  a  pioneer  in  the  field  of 
social  entrepreneurship  and  former  presi- 
dent of  the  Surdna  Foundation,  will  join 
the  Terry  Sanford  Institute  of  Public  Policy 
this  spring  as  the  first  director  of  the  new 
Center  for  Strategic  Philanthropy  and  Civil 
Society.  The  center's  goals  are  to  enhance 
the  decision-making  and  impact  of  Ameri- 
ca's foundations,  and  to  develop  philan- 
thropic and  governmental  strategies  to  rem- 
edy critical  problems  in  areas  such  as  global 
health,  energy,  and  the  environment. 

V  At  its  December  meeting,  the  board  of 
trustees  approved  a  $9.5  million  plan  to  con- 
struct two  new  housing  facilities  for  animals 
at  the  Duke  Lemur  Center.  The  buildings, 
totaling  20,000  square  feet  of  enclosed  space, 
will  triple  the  number  of  lemurs  allowed  to 
range  free  year-round,  according  to  center 
director  Anne  Yoder  Ph.D.  '92.  The  enclo- 
sures will  also  eliminate  the  costly  and  energy- 
inefficient  seasonal  enclosures  that  workers 
have  constructed  out  of  plastic  in  years  past. 


Campus  Observer 


^  Wallace  Wade  Stadium  will  soon  un- 
dergo some  changes.  The  board  of  trustees 
has  approved  the  first  phase  of  a  long-term 
renovation  plan.  The  initial  project,  ex- 
pected to  cost  about  $5  million,  will  add  new 
restrooms  and  a  concession  stand  as  plan- 
ners study  other  possible  improvements. 

^  The  School  of  Nursing  plans  to  launch 
a  new  doctoral  program  that  focuses  on  put- 
ting research  and  scientific  findings  into 
practice  to  improve  health-care  systems. 
The  three-year  Doctor  of  Nursing  Practice 
(DNP)  program  plans  to  enroll  eight  stu- 
dents next  fall,  and  expand  in  each  of  the 
next  five  years.  Duke  is  the  first  university 
in  North  Carolina  to  offer  a  DNP  program. 
There  are  fifty-nine  in  the  U.S.  The  pro- 
gram is  distinct  from  the  traditional  Doctor 
of  Philosophy  in  Nursing  and  Doctor  of 
Nursing  Science  degree  programs,  which  pre- 
pare nurse  scientists  for  careers  in  research 
and  academia. 

vt  The  undergraduate  admissions  office 
received  more  than  20,250  applications  for 
admission  to  the  Class  of  2012 — the  largest 
number  in  school  history.  Applicants  are 
vying  for  about  1,665  total  spaces.  Prior  to 
the  January  application  deadline,  Duke  an- 
nounced new  financial-aid  policies  that 
may  have  encouraged  more  students  to  ap- 
ply, says  Christoph  Guttentag,  dean  of  un- 
dergraduate admissions.  As  a  result  of  the 
announcement,  the  university  extended  its 
admissions  deadline  by  two  weeks  to  allow 
students  who  otherwise  might  not  have 
considered  Duke  to  apply.  In  December, 
472  of  1,247  early-decision  applicants  were 
accepted.  Regular  decisions  are  expected  in 
late  March  or  early  April. 

\f  Duke's  department  of  Germanic  Lan- 
guages and  Literature  plans  to  join  with 
the  German  faculty  at  the  University  of 
North  Carolina  at  Chapel  Hill  to  offer  a 
Ph.D.  program  called  "The  Carolina-Duke 
Graduate  Program  in  German  Studies."  De- 
partment officials  say  the  new  program  will 
allow  two  small  but  nationally  respected 
German-studies  faculties  to  create  a  top- 
ranked  program. 


Bonding  Through  the  Band 

Fans  are  beginning  to  file  into  the 
seats  in  the  upper  sections  of 
Cameron  Indoor  Stadium  as  Russ 
Owen  tinkers  with  his  drum  kit. 
He  adjusts  the  toms  and  taps  a  drumstick 
lightly  on  the  snare  drum  and  hi-hat. 

Nearby,  other  band  members,  decked 
out  in  blue  jeans  and  striped  polos,  are 
sprawled  on  the  bleachers,  putting  to- 
gether their  instruments,  chatting,  watch- 
ing men's  basketball  players  Jon  Scheyer, 
DeMarcus  Nelson,  and  Gerald  Hender- 
son take  warm-up  shots  in  preparation 
for  a  game  against  Albany. 

It's  a  winter-break  game,  and  many 
students,  having  finished  up  final  exams 


tion,  and  Tim  Pyatt  '81,  university  archi- 
vist. Jocelyn  Brumbaugh,  a  high-school  jun- 
ior and  the  daughter  of  two  Duke  alumni 
("I'm  a  big  band  geek  and  a  big  Duke  fan"), 
is  playing  alongside  clarinetist  Dean 
Morgan  B.S.E.  '69,  M.D.  '76,  a  physician, 
and  Duke  sophomore  Jason  Pifer,  a  native 
of  nearby  Hillsborough.  "I  moved  out  today, 
went  home  and  put  my  shirt  on,  and  came 
back,"  Pifer  explains. 

Duke's  alumni  band  was  the  brainchild  of 
former  pep  band  trombonists  Nick  Superina 
'03  and  Mike  Rosen  '84-  As  a  student,  Su- 
perina had  stumbled  upon  the  idea  while 
watching  a  December  game  featuring  the 
University  of  Kentucky  on  television.  As 
the  camera  swooped  through  the  band,  he 
had  noticed,  in  a  field  of  blue  and  white 


"It  gives  the  alumni  an  opportunity  to  connect  in  a  very  special  way  with 
undergrads  who  are  carrying  on  a  tradition  they  were  part  of  decades  ago. 

-Mike  Rosen  '84 


last  week,  have  headed  home  for  the 
month.  Judging  by  their  ages,  several  of 
the  spectators  now  meandering  through 
the  bleachers  of  the  student  section  are, 
no  offense,  clearly  not  current  under- 
graduates. But  then,  neither  are  the  band 
members. 

Owen  '84,  Ph.D.  '89  is  actually  a  biolo- 
gist with  the  Environmental  Protection 
Agency,  but  tonight  he  is  moonlighting, 
as  he  has  on  a  handful  of  nights  in  each 
of  the  past  three  years,  with  the  Duke 
Alumni  Pep  Band,  a  group  formed  five 
years  ago  to  fill  in  for  the  undergraduate 
band  at  Thanksgiving  and  winter-break 
home  games  for  football,  women's  bas- 
ketball, and  men's  basketball,  as  well  as 
at  marquee  away  games  at  venues  like 
the  Meadowlands  in  New  Jersey  and 
Madison  Square  Garden. 

Among  Owen's  fifty  or  so  bandmates 
tonight  are  other  alumni  and  their  family 
members,  university  staff  and  faculty 
members,  and  a  handful  of  current  stu- 
dents. A  row  of  trombones  includes  Steve 
Nowicki,  dean  of  undergraduate  educa- 


shirts,  a  surprising  number  of  gray  hairs. 
Marching  bands  at  many  large  universities 
invite  their  alumni  back  to  perform  at 
homecoming  events,  but  this  was  the  first 
time  Superina  had  seen  the  alumni-band 
concept  applied  in  a  basketball  context. 

Superina  approached  Neil  Boumpani, 
then  the  director  of  the  marching  and  pep 
bands,  with  the  idea  of  creating  an  alumni 
band  at  Duke.  Boumpani  says  that  over  his 
eighteen  years  with  the  undergraduate  bands, 
he  often  heard  from  alumni  who  would 
reminisce  about  their  band  careers  at  Duke. 
He  had  many  conversations  with  seniors 
who  talked  about  how  great  it  would  be  to 
get  an  alumni  band  started,  but  one  after 
another  failed  to  follow  through. 

Superina,  who  served  as  the  undergradu- 
ate band's  president  his  junior  and  senior 
years,  was  different.  "Nick's  one  of  those  peo- 
ple who's  going  to  get  things  done,"  Boum- 
pani says.  Soon  after  graduating  in  the 
spring  of  2003,  Superina  began  sending  e- 
mail  messages  to  other  band  alumni,  asking 
them  if  they'd  be  interested  in  starting  an 
alumni  band.  Bolstered  by  a  wave  of  posi- 


March- April  2008 


tive  responses,  he  approached  Sterly  Wilder 
'83,  executive  director  of  alumni  affairs, 
seeking  help  in  reaching  out  to  alumni.  He 
soon  had  in  hand  contact  information  for 
more  than  1,500  alumni  who  had  played  in 
the  band  as  undergraduates,  and  a  space  on 
the  Duke  Alumni  Association's  website  for 
the  new  Duke  Band  Alumni  Association. 
Since  then,  his  list  has  only  grown. 

One  of  the  most  enthusiastic  responses 
he  received  to  his  initial  inquiry  was  from 
Rosen,  a  physician  who  lives  in  New  York. 
The  two  spent  that  summer  talking  about 
their  vision  for  the  organization.  In  the 
short  term,  they  hoped  to  be  able  to  fill  the 
band  section  with  enthusiastic,  striped- 
polo-clad  musicians  during  fall  and  winter 
breaks,  when  most  undergraduates  were  out 
of  town.  Boumpani  had  previously  offered 
the  section  to  local  high-school  bands  or 
community  bands,  but  often  had  trouble 
filling  it.  But  down  the  road,  Superina  and 
Rosen  also  hoped  to  provide  support — 
financial  and  moral — to  an  undergraduate 
band  that  they  saw  faltering,  its  numbers 
decreasing  year  after  year.  In  the  mid-'90s, 
the  band  peaked  at  almost  150  members. 
Since  then,  it  has  dipped  well  below  100. 

Here  it  may  be  helpful  to  take  a  step 
back  and  explain  something  about 
pep  band  members  in  general,  and 
Duke  alumni  pep  band  members  in 
particular,  that  may  not  be  obvious  to  the 
casual  observer:  They  are  not  just  here  for 
the  free  basketball  tickets. 

Over  the  years,  almost  600  alumni  band 
members  have  performed  during  at  least 
one  basketball  or  football  game,  and  many 
have  become  regulars  at  the  events.  Band 
members  have  even  made  forays  into  non- 
revenue  sports.  Many  e-mail  Superina 
months  in  advance  to  get  the  music  for  the 
thirty  or  so  songs  in  the  band's  s^t  list.  Their 
motivations  are  various.  Some,  Rosen  ac- 
knowledges, are  selfish.  "We  just  wanted  to 
play  again.  It's  sort  of  like  we've  gotten  a 
second  lite.  Especially  those  of  us  who  had 
to  live  through  the  really  lean  years  of  Duke 
basketball,  it's  been  great." 

But  they  are  also  there  to  support  the  band, 


to  support  the  team,  to  support  the  univer- 
sity. In  2005,  Rosen  attended  the  national 
championship  lacrosse  game  between  Duke 
and  the  Johns  Hopkins  University.  Hopkins 
had  its  undergraduate  band  there.  Duke  had 
none.  "I  called  Nick  and  told  him  that  would 
never  happen  again,"  Rosen  recalls.  Two  years 
later,  when  the  teams  met  again  for  the 
championship,  alumni  and  students  joined 
together  to  field  a  band  twenty-five  strong. 

The  night  before  the  game,  band  mem- 
bers stayed  up  until  3:30  a.m.  talking  about 
the  status  of  the  band  and  its  history,  Rosen 
says.  "The  undergraduates  loved  hearing 
stories  from  the  1950s,  the  1960s,  the  1980s, 
even  more  recent  stories  from  the  2000s. 
We  sort  of  filled  in  all  the  blanks  in  the  his- 
tory with  all  the  generations." 

That's  exactly  the  type  of  generation- 
bridging  Superina  and  Rosen  had  hoped  for. 
"It's  really  fun  to  sit  with  undergrads  who 
are  now,  dare  I  say,  young  enough  to  be  my 
kids,"  Rosen  says.  "To  sit  with  them,  hang 
out  with  them,  listen  to  them  share  what's 
going  on  on  campus.  Because  we  have  a 
common  connection.  It  gives  the  alumni  an 
opportunity  to  connect  in  a  very  special  way 
with  undergrads  who  are  carrying  on  a  tra- 
dition they  were  part  of  decades  ago."    ' 

Part  of  the  reason  the  alumni  band  con- 
cept works  so  well,  says  Boumpani,  is  that 
the  alumni  and  the  students  really  aren't 
that  different.  Once  they  get  back  into  the 
stands  and  get  their  horns  to  their  lips,  "it's 
like  they  never  left.  They  get  as  excited  as 
some  of  my  undergraduates  would  get."         j 

Asked  about  the  differences  between  his  ] 
time  in  the  undergraduate  band  and  his 
time  in  the  alumni  band,  Rosen  says,  "Well, 
I'm  not  as  good,  although  I've  gotten  my 
lips  back."  He  pauses.  "You  know  what  the 
beauty  is?  It's  almost  like  there  is  no  differ- 
ence. I  feel  like  I'm  a  student  again."  He's 
enjoyed  participating  in  the  new  tradition 
of  surfing  with  the  Blue  Devil,  where  band 
members  lie  on  the  floor,  the  mascot  stands 
on  a  surfboard  on  top  of  them,  and  they  roll 
him  across  the  court. 

At  halftime  of  the  Albany  game,  Dean 
Morgan,  who  joined  the  alumni  band  this 
season  after  years  of  attending  games  as  a 


« 

! 

♦ 

00> 

ttr 

i   ^.r 

m 

— — -_ 

4 

-  r^ 

-  & 

4 

\ 

4 

Strike  up  the  band:  Band  director 

Au,  far  right 

on  trumpet,  i: 

s  joined  by  students 

and  alumni  for 

the  men's  basketball  game  against 

Albany 

fan,  is  pleased  with  his  performance  but 
notes  that  he  didn't  see  as  much  basketball 
as  he's  used  to.  "I  spent  half  the  time  look- 
ing for  the  right  music,"  he  says.  "I'd  look  up 
for  a  couple  plays,  cheer,  then  go  back  to 
flipping  through  songs." 

Others  point  out  the  physical  challenges 
of  playing  just  a  few  times  a  year,  sometimes 
after  an  interlude  of  twenty  years  or  more. 
The  band  kicked  into  full  gear  about  forty- 
five  minutes  before  game  time,  and  as  a  re- 
sult, says  trumpet  player  Dave  Melton  M.Div. 
79,  "about  the  time  the  game  starts,  your 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


*VT- 


lips  aren't  right."  Even  D.J.  Vaughn,  a  saxo- 
phonist who  graduated  in  2005,  says  that 
his  instrument  feels  a  little  foreign  at  first. 

Band  director  Jeff  Au  and  assistant  Bart 
Bressler  '07  are  conscious  of  the  differences 
between  the  alumni  and  the  undergradu- 
ates. During  the  Albany  game,  they  often 
hold  up  a  whiteboard  listing  upcoming  songs 
five  or  ten  minutes  in  advance,  where  they 
might  only  give  undergraduates  a  minute  or 
two  to  prepare. 

Duke  wins  the  game  1 1 1-70.  Au  and  Bres- 
sler then  turn  their  attention  to  a  Madison 


Square  Garden  match-up  against  ninth- 
ranked  Pittsburgh  later  in  the  week.  For  the 
alumni  band,  this  is  a  big  event.  It's  a  chance 
for  many  alumni  band  members  based  in 
the  Northeast  to  perform  without  traveling 
to  Durham.  The  fifty-four  seats  allocated  to 
the  band  were  snapped  up  in  less  than  a 
week.  Superina  will  be  there,  as  will  Rosen 
and  alumni  band  member  Herb  Savitt. 

As  a  student,  Savitt  '52,  J.D.  '57  played  the 
snare  drum,  but  these  days,  he  accompanies 
the  band  on  the  cymbals.  Savitt  has  a  cas- 
sette tape  that  features  the  collected  works 


of  the  Duke  Pep  Band.  He  likes  to  listen  to 
it  when  he's  in  the  car,  driving  around  his 
hometown  of  Ansonia,  Connecticut,  and, 
when  he's  alone,  he'll  often  find  himself 
tapping  out  the  beat  on  the  steering  wheel. 
Sometimes,  he'll  tap  a  little  too  hard,  and 
the  horn  will  sound. 

"Other  drivers  give  me  crazy  looks,"  he 

says.  "Little  do  they  know  this  is  a  crazy 

Duke  alum  getting  ready  for  another  game." 

— Jacob  Dagger 

dukealumni.com/dukeband 


March- April  2008 


An  Evolutionary  Curiosity 

Scientists  have  long  pondered  the  evolution- 
ary purpose  of  the  appendix,  a  tiny  organ 
attached  to  the  intestine  that  sometimes 
becomes  inflamed  and  has  to  be  surgically 
removed.  Bill  Parker,  assistant  professor 
of  experimental  surgery  at  Duke,  believes 
he  and  his  colleagues  have  stumbled  upon 
the  answer.  As  a  biochemist  and  immunolo- 
gist,  Parker  studies  immune-system  functions 
on  a  microscopic  level.  Since  the  mid-1990s, 
his  research  has  focused  on  the  way  that 
the  immune  system  interacts  with  the 
"good"  bacteria  that  live  in  the  gut.  According 
to  his  theory,  the  appendix  plays  a  key  role 
in  sheltering  those  bacteria  in  times  of  crisis, 
thereby  helping  the  system  to  re-boot.  He 
took  a  break  from  dissecting  a  rabbit  appendix 
in  the  lab  to  answer  some  questions. 

So  how  does  the  appendix  work? 

The  idea  is  that  the  appendix  is  a  safe 
house  or  a  storehouse,  even  a  cultivation 
center  for  the  normal,  beneficial  bacteria 
that  our  gut  needs.  That  safe  house  would 
be  necessary  and  useful  in  the  event  that 
the  main  compartment  of  bacteria,  the 
large  bowel,  got  contaminated  with  some 
kind  of  infectious  organism  and  got  flushed 
out.  From  all  the  signals  we're  getting  from 
the  scientific  community,  it  looks  like  we 
may  be  right  on  target. 

How  did  you  first  get  interested  in  solving  the  mys- 
tery of  the  appendix? 

We  never  cared  about  the  appendix.  We  were, 
and  still  are,  more  interested  in  inflamma- 
tory bowel  disease  and  how  the  immune 
system  interacts  with  the  bacteria  in  the  gut. 
We  started  working  on  that  back  in  1996. 
In  the  course  of  that,  we,  along  with  Jeff 
Gordon's  laboratory,  really  figured  out  that 
the  immune  system  supports  bacterial 


growth  in  the  gut.  [Gordon  is  a  professor 
and  directs  the  Center  for  Genome  Sciences 
at  Washington  University  in  St.  Louis.]  That 
was  a  real  paradigm  shift  in  the  field,  really 
novel  thinking.  We  published  papers  in  2003 
and  2004  looking  in  detail  at  the  issue,  and 
it  just  so  happened  that  the  best  human  tis- 
sue we  could  get  was  the  human  appendix. 

What  do  you  mean  by  that,  the  best  human  tissue? 

To  examine  the  bacteria  in  the  gut,  you 
really  need  very  fresh  tissue.  It  turns  out 
that  people  periodically  have  their  appen- 
dix removed  even  when  it's  a  normal 
appendix.  And  we  could  get  access  to  those 
appendices,  which  we  did.  That  was  really 
the  only  way  that  we  could  get  fresh  tissue 
to  study  that  was  free  of  disease. 

What  did  you  see  when  you  got  that  tissue? 

What  we  see  are  "biofilms,"  in  other  words, 
adherent  colonies  of  bacteria  that  are  grow- 
ing on  the  inner  lining  of  the  appendix.  We 
eventually  did  get  fresh  tissue  from  the  rest 
of  the  digestive  tract,  and  you  don't  find 
those  kinds  of  biofilms.  You  find  some,  but 
they're  not  as  good,  not  as  thick,  not  as 
consistent,  as  they  are  in  the  appendix. 

The  appendix  is  about  the  size  of  your 
pinky,  five  or  ten  centimeters  in  length, 
and  it  has  a  narrow  opening,  almost  like  a 
little  pencil  lead.  In  fact  that's  probably 
important  for  the  function.  It  was  already 
known  that  it  has  a  lot  of  immune  tissue 
associated  with  it.  When  you  put  that 
information  together — that  the  immune 
system  supports  the  growth  of  bacteria  in 
the  gut  and  that  biofilms,  the  mode  of 
growth  that's  supported  by  the  immune  sys- 
tem, are  most  prevalent  in  the  appendix — 
with  everything  we  already  knew  about  the 
appendix,  you  come  to  this,  in  retrospect, 
obvious  conclusion  that  the  appendix  is 
there  as  a  storehouse  for  bacteria. 

So  what  happens  when  the  system,  as  you  say, 
gets  flushed? 

Periodically,  bacteria  get  shed  out  of  the 
appendix.  Those  bacteria,  in  microbiology 


terms,  would  re- inoculate  the  system.  They 
would  reboot  the  system  and  help  those 
good  bacteria  get  growing  again. 

If  the  appendix  does  seem  to  serve  this  important 
purpose,  then  why  is  it  that  we  can  have  our  appen- 
dix taken  out  and  be  perfectly  healthy? 


We  have  the  Centers  for  Disease  Control 
in  this  country,  and  we  have  sewer  systems. 
We  have  running  hot  water,  we  have  anti- 
septics everywhere.  We  have  all  of  these 
amazing  things  which  keep  us  clean. 
Diseases  that  cause  epidemics  of  dysentery 
are  not  that  common,  and  when  somebody 
does  get  a  disease,  food  poisoning,  or  some- 
thing like  that,  they  get  medical  treatment. 
The  population  as  a  whole  is  not  in  danger 
of  losing  its  good  bacteria. 

But  in  Third  World  countries,  there  are 
three  major  diseases  that  are  killers  of 
human  beings.  One  is  HIV,  which  is  very 
recent.  Then  pneumonia,  and  then  things 
that  cause  diarrhea.  There  are  no  sewer  sys- 
tems, so  when  an  infectious  organism  gets 
into  the  water  supply  near  a  village,  every- 
body's going  to  catch  the  disease,  whatever 
the  disease  is. 

It  sounds  like  people  in  Third  World  countries  face 
a  major  dilemma  in  terms  of  how  to  deal  with  cases 
of  appendicitis,  if  their  appendices  still  serve  an 
important  role. 

There  are  no  surgeons  to  speak  of,  so  you 
don't  have  access  to  surgery.  But  I  might 
add  that  appendicitis  is  one  of  those  dis- 
eases that  is  associated  with  a  hygienic 
environment. 

Sometimes  something  gets  stuck  in  there 
and  it  gets  inflamed.  But  sometimes,  even 
with  nothing  stuck  in  there,  it  can  just  get 
inflamed.  There's  something  called  the 
hygiene  hypothesis  that's  been  around  for 
decades.  The  idea  is,  if  your  immune  system 
isn't  stimulated  by  something  dangerous  in 
your  environment,  it  is  going  to  react  against 
something  else,  whether  it's  a  pollen  grain 
that  causes  allergies,  or  your  own  tissue  lead- 
ing to  autoimmune  disease,  or  maybe  it's 
something  in  the  gut  leading  to  appendicitis. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


There  have  been  a  lot  of  stories  in  the  news  recently 
about  the  rise  in  food  allergies  among  children, 
where  their  bodies  are  fighting  off,  say,  peanuts. 

Appendicitis  is  the  same  thing.  David 
Barker,  a  British  epidemiologist,  is  the  guy 
who  really  nailed  down  the  issue,  at  least 
in  Britain.  He  found  out  when  you  get 
running  hot  water  in  your  house,  as  a  com- 
munity, then  you  have  an  epidemic  of 
appendicitis. 

Every  time  I  talk  with  somebody  about 
this,  I  think  it's  really  important  to  say  that 
even  though  the  appendix  has  a  function,  if 
you  have  that  pain  in  the  lower-right  quad- 
rant, get  it  taken  out.  Because  it's  life- 


threatening  if  you  don't  get  it  taken  out, 
and  you  really  don't  need  it  in  this  culture. 

Do  you  still  have  your  appendix? 

Yes,  I  still  have  mine. 

Then  it's  easy  for  you  to  say. 

Yeah,  easy  for  me  to  say.  I  think  my  dad  is 
missing  his. 

Earlier,  you  were  dissecting  a  rabbit's  appendix. 
Do  all  animals  have  them? 

Other  animals  that  have  an  appendix  are 
the  Great  Apes,  other  primates  closely 


"The  population  as  a  whole 
is  not  in  danger  of  losing  its 
good  bacteria." 


related  to  humans,  the  opossum,  the  wom- 
bat. There's  a  rodent  that  lives  in  Africa, 
called  the  mole-rat,  that  has  an  appendix. 
And  rabbits. 

Do  those  work  in  a  similar  way? 

Yes.  We've  even  looked  in  animals  that 
don't  have  an  appendix  at  all,  and  there's  a 
part  of  the  gut  in  those  animals  called  a 
cecum.  It  serves  as  a  digestive  organ,  but  if 
you  look  at  how  the  biofilms  are  laid  out  in 
those  animals,  as  you  get  further  and  fur- 
ther into  the  back  end  of  the  gut,  you  find  a 
lot  more  biofilms.  We've  looked  at  mice, 
rats,  humans,  and  done  a  little  bit  of  work 
in  nonhuman  primates.  It  looks  like,  across 
the  board  [in  mammals],  there's  something 
there,  probably  not  as  effective  as  the 
appendix,  that  maintains  and  harbors  those 
beneficial  bacteria. 

We're  really  interested  in  looking  at  how 
common  this  is.  We're  working  with  some 
evolutionary  biologists,  looking  at  this  lay- 
out across  the  animal  kingdom.  We're  look- 
ing at  frogs  later  today  on  a  microscope. 

This  whole  thing  came  about  because  we 
were  working  with  [professor]  Randy 
Bollinger  [Ph.D.  77,  M.B.A.  '97],  who's  a 
surgeon.  I'm  looking  at  the  molecules,  and 
how  this  particular  molecule  interacts  with 
this  receptor  on  a  bacterium,  and  begin- 
ning to  understand  how  the  immune  sys- 
tem supports  bacterial  growth,  how  the  fur- 
ther back  you  go,  the  better  the  bacteria  get 
supported  in  their  biofilms.  Meanwhile, 
one  of  his  jobs  is  to  take  out  appendices, 
and  he  was  just  thinking  about  it  in  a  group 
meeting:  What  could  the  appendix  be  for? 
And  a  light  bulb  came  on,  and  he  said, 
"You  know,  I  bet  I  know  what  the  appendix 
is  for."  And  before  he  even  said  what  he 
was  thinking,  I  knew. 

— Jacob  Dagger 


March- April  2008         27 


By  Lisa  M.  Deliwo 


kL*  BH  he  bird  walk  has  started  inauspi- 

^MSd^l  I  ciously.  As  guide  Cynthia  Fox  leads 
HMf^j  I  a  group  of  binocular-toting  bird- 
L^HHH  ers  through  the  back  trails  of  the 
Sarah  P.  Duke  Gardens,  the  birds  seem  to  be 
sleeping  in.  The  dozen  or  so  people  who 
have  gathered  early  on  a  chilly  April  morn- 
ing wonder  whether  they  should  have  fol- 
lowed suit. 

Suddenly,  a  rustle  in  a  shrub,  and  a  flurry 
of  binocular  action.  Cardinal.  Then  a  screech 
in  the  woods.  Blue  jay.  A  robin  hops  along  a 
clearing  in  the  Asiatic  Arboretum.  A  mal- 
lard waddles  along  the  trail,  looking  for  a 
handout.  Then,  quiet  again. 

Overhead,  a  bird  croaks,  "Uh-oh,"  as  if 
taunting  its  audience.  "Now  that's  a  fish 
crow,"  says  Fox.  As  twelve  sets  of  field  glass- 
es focus  on  the  crow,  it  flies  into  a  treetop, 
calling  insistently,  and  another  larger  and 
browner  bird  emerges.  The  two  birds  wheel 
across  the  canopy,  clearly  in  conflict,  as 
people  murmur,  "Hawk,  it's  a  hawk." 

"Red-shouldered,"  announces  Fox. 

The  hawk  outraces  the  crow  and  lands  in 
the  crook  of  a  massive  oak,  in  a  disorderly 
pile  of  leaves  and  branches. 

"It's  a  nest!"  Fox  hastily  sets  up  her  spot- 
ting scope,  a  telescope  on  a  tripod  that  is 
one  of  the  key  tools  of  serious  birders.  One 
by  one,  the  members  of  the  group  step  up  to 
the  scope  and  study  the  hawk  as  it  settles  on 
the  nest. 

Suddenly,  the  morning  has  turned  prom- 
ising. Birds  are  everywhere,  and  not  just  the 
typical  backyard  species.  An  Eastern  phoebe 
flies  off  a  branch  by  a  small  pond,  grabs  a  fly, 
and  returns  to  its  perch,  bobbing  its  tail.  The 
more  experienced  birders  help  novices  pin- 
point a  green  heron,  a  smaller  and  prettier 
relative  to  the  great  blue,  as  it  fishes  from  a 
shaded  bank  of  the  pond.  As  people  mean- . 


This  insider's  guide  to  birding  around  Duke  will  inspire 


[HiKHMAtiAZlNH 


March- April  2008         29 


der  through  a  stand  of  pines,  Fox  hears  the 
squeak-squeak — "like  a  rubber  duck" — that 
announces  the  presence  of  a  brown-headed 
nuthatch.  It  is  about  thirty  feet  up,  circling 
the  trunk  in  search  of  bugs.  Of  the  so-called 
Southern  specialties — birds  that  people 
travel  to  the  South  to  seek — the  brown- 
headed  nuthatch  is  the  only  one  found  in 
the  Raleigh-Durham-Chapel  Hill  Triangle. 

In  two  hours,  Fox's  group  records  thirty- 
four  species,  a  respectable  number  for  the 
month  before  bird  migration  reaches  its  peak 
in  North  Carolina. 

Fox  owns  the  Wild  Bird  Center  store  in 
Chapel  Hill.  Two  Saturdays  a  month,  she 
leads  bird  walks  in  Triangle  hot  spots,  in- 
cluding Duke  Gardens.  It's  a  great  place  to 
introduce  people  to  birding,  she  says,  be- 
cause of  the  mixture  of  habitats — lawns, 
forests,  ponds — and  because  the  trails  are 
easily  maneuvered.  But  experienced 
birders,  many  of  whom  join  her  groups 
regularly,  will  also  find  rewards  at  the 
gardens,  she  says,  citing  the  nesting  red- 
shouldered  hawk  and  recalling  sightings 
of  a  yellow-billed  cuckoo  and  Swain- 
son's  thrush — feathers  in  the  cap  of  any 
birder  in  North  Carolina. 

ft    few  weeks  later  and  a  few  miles 
away,  a  smaller  group  assembles 

ajj  on  another  crisp  spring  morning. 
Will  Cook  and  Jeff  Pippen  have 
consented  to  guide  a  visitor  along  the 
Shepherd  Nature  Trail,  a  one-mile  loop  in 
Duke  Forest,  just  off  N.C.  751.  Compact, 
yet  meandering  through  varied  habitats  in- 
cluding streams,  brush,  loblolly  pine  stands, 
and  mature  hardwoods,  the  trail  can  offer 
up  a  surprising  number  of  species  during  an 
hourlong  excursion. 

Cook  and  Pippen,  both  research  associ- 
ates at  Duke — Pippen  in  the  Nicholas  School 
of  the  Environment  and  Earth  Sciences  and 
Cook  in  the  biology  department — are  seri- 
ous birders,  each  with  a  life  list  in  excess  of 
600  North  American  species.  (Most  accom- 
plished birders  keep  a  life  list,  an  ongoing 
tally  of  all  the  bird  species  they've  identified 
with  certainty  during  the  course  of  their 
birding.)  Like  many  experienced  birders, 
they  trust  their  ears  more  than  their  eyes. 
As  they  wander  the  trail,  they  rattle  off 


Southern  Specialties 

Birders  from  outside  the 
South  frequently  come  to 
North  Carolina  in  order  to 
add  what  birders  call  the 
"Southern  specialties"  to  their  life 
lists.  The  brown-headed  nuthatch, 
red-cockaded  woodpecker,  Swain- 
son's  warbler,  and  Bachman's 
sparrow  breed  primarily  in  Southern 
states  from  Virginia  to  Louisiana. 
Of  the  four,  the  brown-headed 
nuthatch  is  the  only  one  found  in 
the  Triangle  area.  The  tiny,  short- 
tailed  bird,  a  year-round  occupant, 
is  usually  found  circling  the  trunk 
of  a  pine  tree,  sometimes  with  its 
head  facing  down.  It  makes  a  thin 
call  that  sounds  like  a  squeeze  toy. 
Seeing  the  other  Southern  spe- 
cialties requires  a  day  trip  and 


some  persistence,  as  they  are  all 
rare  or  reclusive.  The  red-cockaded 
woodpecker  nests  in  longleaf  pine 
forests  in  the  sandhills  and  coastal 
plain,  where  Bachman's  sparrows 
can  also  be  found. 

Swainson's  warblers  eschew 
the  Piedmont  to  breed  in  wooded 
areas  in  the  foothills  of  the  Blue 
Ridge  Mountains  and  in  the  coastal 
pocosins. 

Visitors  looking  for  an  encounter 
with  these  species  should  consult 
regional  bird  guides  and  online 
resources  such  as  Carolinabirds, 
duke.edu/~cwcook/cbirds.html. 


identifications  based  on  songs  and  calls, 
rarely  raising  their  binoculars. 

"Towhee." 

"Red-bellied  woodpecker." 

"Cardinal." 

"I  hear  an  American  crow." 

"YeP." 

"That's  a  robin  singing." 

"A  ruby-crowned  kinglet  is  singing  off  to 
my  right,"  says  Pippen.  He  explains  to  a  less 
accomplished  companion,  "It's  a  long  song. 
It  starts  off  with  a  really  long,  thin  t~ee-t~ee- 
t~ee,  and  then  goes  into  a  long  jumble  of 
sound." 

After  awhile,  the  forest  goes  silent.  Cook 
pauses  on  a  wooden  bridge  where  the  hill- 
side drops  off  and  some  treetops  are  at  eye 
level,  throws  his  head  back  slightly,  and 
begins  whistling — a  low,  warbling,  eerie  sound 
that  mimics  the  song  of  an  eastern  screech- 
owl.  Within  thirty  seconds,  the  sur- 
rounding trees  are  filled  with  the  sound 
of  singing  and  chattering  birds. 

"Oh!  Ovenbird,"  Pippen  and  Cook 

shout  almost  simultaneously.  A  brownish 

bird  with  black  streaks  on  a  white  breast 

scolds  from  a  nearby  branch  and  flies  off. 

Just  as  quickly  as  they  arrived,  the 

S  songbirds  depart,  and  then  in  the  dis- 

*  tance  is  a  sound  surprisingly  similar  to 

|  Cook's  whistling.  Both  birders  are  elat- 

£  ed.  As  Pippen  explains  later,  Cook's 

®  screech-owl  imitation  drew  a  flock  of 
small  birds  intent  on  driving  the  predator 
from  their  territory.  When  a  real  screech- 
owl  responded  to  Cook's  call,  the  pack  of 
songbirds  went  after  it  for  the  same  reason. 

The  ovenbird  is  a  relatively  new  spring 
arrival.  A  return  visit  to  the  Shepherd  Trail 
a  few  weeks  later  yields  a  cornucopia  of  mi- 
grating birds:  northern  parula,  red-eyed  vir- 
eo,  scarlet  and  summer  tanagers,  American 
redstart,  rose-breasted  grosbeak,  and  hood- 
ed warbler. 

It's  late  April  and  spring  "bird  count  day"; 
birders  across  the  Triangle  have  scattered  to 
assigned  locations  to  record  their  sightings. 

Birding  is  one  of  the  few  remaining  are- 
nas in  which  enthusiasts  contribute  to  the 
scientific  knowledge  base.  Bird  counts  like 
this  one,  sponsored  by  the  Carolina  Bird 
Club,  and  the  National  Audubon  Society's 
Christmas  bird  count  are  conducted  through- 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Out  of  luck  duck:  Despil 


ches  for  more  exotic  species 


m  « 


.  ^~+~**~-»-^  *•***- 


*ar;'-*.' 


4;--: 


Where  to  Bird 


n  the  Sarah  P.  Duke  Gardens,  the  forested  areas  and 

edges  of  ponds  are  your  best  bet. 

In  addition  to  Shepherd  Nature  Trail,  Duke  Forest 

offers  several  other  birding  sites  of  interest.  Directions 
to  and  highlights  of  all  of  them,  including  Shepherd, 
may  be  found  on  a  website,  created  by  biology  research 
associate  Will  Cook,  called  Triangle  Birder's  Guide. 
tbg.carolinanature.com/dukeforestjp.html. 

Birders  willing  to  share  the  Al  Buehler  Trail  with  morning 
joggers  and  dog  walkers  will  often  be  rewarded,  particu- 
larly during  spring  migration.  The  new  wetland  created  by 
researchers  at  the  Nicholas  School  of  the  Environment  and 
Earth  Sciences  has  added  kingfish 
ers,  herons,  sandpipers,  and  water 
fowl  to  the  usual  mix  of  songbirds. 
The  trail  starts  at  the  Washington 
Duke  Inn  across  from  West 
Campus  on  Cameron  Boulevard. 
Duke's  "true  east  campus,"  the 
Duke  University  Marine  Laboratory 
in  Beaufort,  North  Carolina,  is  an 
ideal  location  for  coastal  birding. 
At  low  tide,  shorebirds  and  water- 
fowl can  be  seen  in  mud  flats  off 
the  Pivers  Island  facility.  It  is  best 
to  have  a  spotting  scope,  www. 
nicholas.duke.edu/marinelab. 
Ellerbe  Creek,  a  quick  drive 
(or  bike  ride)  from  campus,  pro- 
vides an  urban  oasis  for  great 


View  map  of  birding  locations:  www.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


blue  herons,  owls,  and  songbirds,  www.ellerbecreek.org. 

Mason  Farm  Biological  Reserve,  maintained  by  the 
North  Carolina  Botanical  Garden,  is  900  acres  of  mixed 
habitat,  including  forests,  wetlands,  and  fields,  hosting 
more  than  200  species  of  birds.  A  free  permit  is  required 
for  entry,  www.ncbg.unc.edu/pages/41 

Jordan  Lake,  in  Chatham  County,  provides  good  oppor- 
tunities for  viewing  waterfowl.  With  drought  conditions  this 
past  summer  and  fall,  low  lake  levels  exposed  mud  flats 
that  attracted  sandpipers  and  other  shorebirds.  Winter 
birding  can  also  be  very  fruitful  there,  as  some  waterfowl 
winter  over.  The  Ebenezer  Church  parking  area  is  a  good 
place  to  start,  www.ils.unc.edu/ 
parkproject/visit/jord/home.html. 
Northeast  of  Durham,  Falls  Lake 
is  another  excellent  site,  with  bald 
eagles  and  osprey  in  the  summer, 
and  shorebirds  when  water  levels 
drop  to  create  mud  flats.  Many 
songbirds  and  hawks  can  also 
be  seen  at  nearby  Butner  Game 
Lands,  tbg.carolinanature.com/ 
durham.html. 

New  Hope  Waterfowl  Impound- 
ment on  Highway  54  near  Chapel 
Hill  offers  good  opportunities  to 
see  herons,  egrets,  kingfishers,  and 
red-headed  woodpeckers,  as  well 
as  songbirds,  tbg.carolinanature. 
com/NC54impoundments.html. 


March- April  2008 


Resources  for  Birders 


uke  super-birders  Will  Cook  and  Jeff  Pippen,  researchers  in 
the  biology  department  and  Nicholas  School,  respectively,  have 
created  several  valuable  online  resources  for  birders  visiting 
North  Carolina  and  specifically  the  Triangle. 
Cook  moderates  Carolinabirds,  a  mailing  list  for  birding  discussions 
in  the  Carolinas.  You  can  read  reports  of  where  people  have  been  bird- 
ing, submit  questions  about  good  birding  sites,  and  learn  about  any 
rare  bird  sightings  in  the  two  states.  Subscribe  at  duke.edu/-cwcook/ 
cbirds.html.  The  searchable  archives  are  available  on  the  same  site. 
Cook  also  maintains  the  Triangle  Birder's  Guide,  an  online  source  i 
information  about  birding  hot  spots  within  an  easy  drive  of  Durham. 
Explore  it  at  tbg.carolinanature.com. 

Birders  rely  on  checklists  that  tell  them  what  birds  they're  likely  to 
see  at  different  times  of  the  year  in  a  particular  locale.  A  Triangle-area 
list  is  posted  on  the  Triangle  Birder's  Guide.  Anyone  birding  in  Duke 
Forest  will  want  a  copy  of  "Birds  of  Duke  Forest,"  a  checklist  compiled 
by  Pippen  and  Cook  based  on  their  own  sightings  during  several  years 
in  which  they  were  conducting  research  in  Duke  Forest,  along  with 
sightings  reported  by  other  birders.  Download  it  at  duke.edu/~jspippen/ 
birds/birds_of_duke_forest.pdf. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


out  the  country.  The  results  will  be  pub- 
lished in  the  regional  birding  publication 
The  Chat  and  made  available  to  ornitholo- 
gists and  other  scientists.  Years  and  years  of 
records  from  the  same  locations  may  reveal 
patterns  of  long-term  decline  (or  increase) 
of  species  or  changes  in  distribution  that 
reflect  the  effects  of  climate  change  and 
habitat  loss. 

William  Schlesinger  has  volunteered  to 
monitor  the  Al  Buehler  Trail,  which  circles 
the  Duke  Golf  Course.  A  scientist  by  train- 
ing (he  recently  stepped  down  as  dean  of 
the  Nicholas  School),  he  is  here  today  in  his 
capacity  as  longtime  avid  birder.  While  early- 
morning  joggers  circumnavigate  the  trail  in 
twenty  minutes,  he  and  a  companion  take 
nearly  three  hours,  scanning  the  treetops, 
forging  into  the  brush,  and  occasionally 
pishing — making  pshhh-pshhh-pshhh  sounds 


to  attract  the  attention  of  shier  species. 

While  the  dream  of  every  birder  is  to  re- 
port a  rare  sighting,  Schlesinger's  survey 
produces  a  healthy  list  of  the  usual  suspects: 
a  magnificent  red-shouldered  hawk,  newly 
arrived  woodland  birds  like  red-eyed  vireos 
and  wood  thrushes,  a  handful  of  migrating 
warblers,  and,  in  the  newly  constructed  wet- 
land area,  a  spotted  sandpiper  and  belted 
kingfisher.  Nothing  magical,  but  a  solid  con- 
tribution to  Citizen  Science. 

Pippen  and  Cook  are  unofficial  leaders  of 
a  loose  coalition  of  passionate  Duke  birders, 
most  of  whom  participated  in  one  of  the 
more  unusual  bird  events  at  Duke.  Late  on  a 
February  afternoon  last  year,  Duke  senior 
Ted  Gilliland,  an  environmental-science 
major,  was  headed  to  a  party  at  the  Levine 
Science  Research  Center  when  he  spied  a 
Cape  May  warbler  in  a  scrubby  tree  near  the 


building.  "I  saw  a  flash  of  orange,"  recalls 
Gilliland,  who  lives  in  Durham  and  has 
plans  to  write  a  book  on  communication 
and  the  environment.  "It  was  pretty  well 
plumaged  for  a  winter  bird." 

Not  only  that,  but  it  had  no  business 
being  in  Piedmont  North  Carolina  in  Feb- 
ruary. "It  should  have  been  in  the  West  In- 
dies," says  Pippen.  Gilliland  quickly  put  out 
the  word  to  birders,  including  Pippen,  Cook, 
biology  graduate  student  Carl  Rothfels,  and 
Stuart  Pimm,  the  Doris  Duke  Professor  of 
conservation  ecology  at  the  Nicholas  School. 
That  afternoon,  and  for  several  days  after- 
ward, the  LSRC  courtyard  was  patrolled  by 
people  with  binoculars  and  digital  cameras. 

And  their  efforts  were  rewarded.  Cook, 
who  missed  the  original  Cape  May  sighting, 
kept  his  eye  on  the  tree.  "A  couple  of  days 
after  the  first  sighting,  I  noticed  that  the 
tree  was  oozing  sap,  and  in  flew  a  young 
orange-crowned  warbler  checking  out  the 
sap  wells.  He  left  after  a  few  seconds.  Then  I 
heard  a  black-throated  blue  warbler  calling, 
making  its  t/c-tk  sound,  and  it  flew  in,  too, 
and  checked  out  the  same  sap  wells." 

Visiting  birders  would  probably  never  be 
able  to  duplicate  this  trio  of  sightings. 
According  to  Pippen,  black-throated  blue 
warblers  rarely  winter  in  North  Carolina. 
Orange-crowned  warblers  do  occasionally, 
but  almost  always  in  coastal  regions.  "This 
kind  of  thing  is  a  truly  rare  event  at  Duke," 
he  says.  "But  it  still  could  also  happen  more 
often  than  we  think." 

Every  birder  dreams  of  the  "great"  sight- 
ing: the  life  bird,  the  vagrant  that  has  got- 
ten kicked  hundreds  of  miles  out  of  its  terri- 
tory by  hurricane  winds  or  its  own  faulty 
navigation  system.  But,  in  truth,  birders 
rarely  have  a  bad  day.  The  hawk  at  nest,  the 
answering  screech  owl,  the  first  red-eyed 
vireo  of  the  season,  the  flock  of  migrating 
warblers — these  are  all  noteworthy  sight- 
ings. And  they  are  birds  that  are  accessible 
in  or  around  Duke,  to  even  novice  birders. 

The  next  time  you  stroll  on  campus,  at 
the  Sarah  P.  Duke  Gardens,  or  in  Duke  For- 
est, don't  forget  to  bring  your  binoculars. 
The  birds  are  out  there,  if  you  take  the  time 
to  look  for  them.  ■ 

Dellwo  writes  about  the  environment  and  nature 
for  publications  including  Dukeenvironment 
magazine  and  North  Carolina  Signature.  A 
longtime  Durham  resident,  she  now  lives  and 
birds  in  New  York's  Hudson  Valley. 

For  video  of  Duke  birders  and  more: 
dukemagazine.duke.edu 


March- April  2008 


3  V 

Policies  in 
place  over  the 
decades  have  made 
the  campus  climate 
more  welcoming  for  lesbian, 
gay,  bisexual,  and  transgender 
people ,  but  some  say 
acceptance 
is  still  a  goal 
unrealized. 


Fine 

By 
Duke? 


By  Jacob  Dagger 

On  a  pleasant  October  day, 
a  multicolored  archway  of  bal- 
loons rises  like  a  miniature  rain- 
bow over  one  end  of  the  West 
Campus  Plaza.  To  one  side,  students  are 
swarming  a  table  of  pork  barbecue  and  hush 
puppies,  and  a  guitarist  is  performing  ironic 
versions  of  top-forty  hits. 

Volunteers  are  busy  passing  out  stickers, 
brochures,  cookies,  and  T-shirts.  Behind 
them,  on  the  railing,  hang  rainbow  flags, 
signs  boasting  the  names  of  various  student 
organizations,  and  banners  with  slogans  like 
"Get  Out  and  Stay  Out."  On  the  front  of  each 
free  T-shirt  is  a  short  logo:  "Love=Love." 
On  the  line  below  are  three  sets  of  universal 
symbols  arranged  side  by  side — a  pair  of 
female  figures  holding  hands,  a  pair  of  male 
figures  holding  hands,  and  a  male  and  a  fe- 
male figure  holding  hands. 


This  is  National  Coming  Out  Day,  an  an- 
nual observance  first  organized  in  1988,  fol- 
lowing the  1987  Gay  and  Lesbian  March  on 
Washington,  to  raise  awareness  about  gay, 
lesbian,  bisexual,  and  transgender  (LGBT) 
individuals  and  issues. 

It's  not  the  first  time  Duke's  LGBT  com- 
munity has  marked  the  day,  but  it  is  the  first 
time  that  they've  done  it  so  publicly.  In  years 
past,  small  groups  had  congregated  in  the 
Center  for  Lesbian,  Gay,  Bisexual,  and  Trans- 
gender Life  and  elsewhere  on  campus  to  sup- 
port one  another  and  encourage  individuals 
questioning  their  sexuality  to  feel  comfort- 
able about  the  process.  But  this  year,  they  are 
doing  it  big.  Their  aim  is  simple:  visibility. 

To  some  observers,  the  community's  pur- 
suit of  visibility  is  an  imperative  that  calls 
for  courage.  After  all,  they  say,  this  is  Duke, 
and  Duke,  lest  we  forget,  is  a  Southern  uni- 


versity with  a  capital  "S."  To  others,  it  may 
seem  offensive,  silly,  or  even  superfluous  in 
this  day  and  age.  As  an  elite  American  uni- 
versity, isn't  Duke  a  bastion  of  liberal  politi- 
cal correctness? 

But  for  those  on  the  ground,  those  mem- 
bers of  the  LGBT  community  and  straight 
allies  who  experience  life  at  Duke  every  day, 
the  reality  of  life  on  campus  is  more  com- 
plex, more  nuanced  than  that.  In  general 
terms,  they  acknowledge,  the  university's 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Rainbow  coalition:  the  Duke  float    | 
in  last  fall's  North  Carolina  Pride  Parade    t 


administration  and  board  of  trustees  have 
been  supportive  of  the  LGBT  community 
in  recent  years,  embracing  progressive  poli- 
cies and  providing  funding  to  support  the 
center  and  various  student  groups.  But  press 
them  on  specifics,  about  such  things  as  the 
campus  climate  and  the  ease  of  coming  out 
of  the  closet  at  Duke,  and  you  get  mixed  re- 
sponses. Just  about  the  only  thing  that  can 
be  said  for  certain  is  that  every  individual's 
experiences  and  perceptions  are  different. 


In  1989,  responding  to  calls  from 
vocal  gay  and  lesbian  advocates,  Duke 
added  the  category  "sexual  prefer- 
ence" to  its  nondiscrimination  poli- 
cy. By  that  time,  the  gay-rights  movement 
was  in  full  swing — New  York's  Stonewall 
riots,  considered  by  many  to  be  a  watershed 
event  in  the  growth  of  the  movement,  had 
taken  place  two  decades  earlier.  And,  like 
many  other  colleges  and  universities,  as 
well  as  corporations,  Duke  was  beginning  to 


feel  pressure  to  offer  additional  support  to 
its  gay  constituents.  The  following  year, 
President  H.  Keith  H.  Brodie  convened  a 
task  force  to  advise  the  administration  on 
issues  of  importance  to  gay,  lesbian,  and  bi- 
sexual members  of  the  university  community. 
The  group  remains  active  today,  advising 
President  Richard  H.  Brodhead. 

Members  of  the  task  force  "monitor  the 
university  climate  and  report  back  about 
their  experiences,"  says  Damon  Seils,  a  senior 


March- April  2008 


Equal  Employment  Opportunities 


Basic  equation:  all  for  love 


research  analyst  at  Duke's  Center  for  Clin- 
ical and  Genetic  Economics  and  co-chair  of 
the  task  force.  The  task  force  comprises 
faculty  and  staff  members  representing  a 
variety  of  campus  divisions — from  student 
affairs  to  residence  life,  student  health,  and 
athletics — and  students.  "It's  crucially  im- 
portant to  have  student  voices  on  the  task 
force,"  says  Robin  Buhrke,  senior  coordina- 
tor of  research  for  Counseling  and  Psycho- 
logical Services  (CAPS)  and  a  longtime 
task  force  member.  "Staff  and  faculty  experi- 
ence the  campus  culture,  but  not  in  the  way 
students  living  on  campus  do." 

The  group,  which  reports  directly  to  Ben 
Reese,  vice  president  for  institutional  equi- 
ty, comes  up  with  policy  reports  and  recom- 
mendations. Seils  acknowledges  that  the 
need  to  work  through  administrative  bu- 
reaucracy means  that  sometimes  the  going 
is  slow.  But  Laura  Micham,  director  of  the 
Sallie  Bingham  Center  for  Women's  His- 
tory and  Culture  and  the  task  force's  other 
co-chair,  points  out  that  the  task  force's  offi- 
cial capacity  has  allowed  it  to  be  "action- 
oriented,  goal-oriented,  and  successful." 

Over  the  years,  its  reports  have  inspired 
a  number  of  changes  in  university  policy, 
including,  in  1994,  the  extension  of  health 
benefits  to  same-sex  domestic  partners  of 
employees.  It  also  supported  a  move  to  open 
the  Duke  Chapel  to  same-sex  unions.  So 


In  the  age  of  the  Internet,  when  personal  infor- 
mation is  just  a  few  mouse  clicks  away,  many 
students  worry  whether  coming  out  will  hurt 
them  as  they  seek  to  enter  the  working  world. 

In  fact,  certain  sectors  of  corporate  America — includ- 
ing the  consulting,  investment-banking,  and  technology 
fields  popular  among  this  generation  of  Duke  grads — 
have  become  increasingly  friendly  to  lesbian,  gay,  bisex- 
ual, and  transgender  (LGBT)  individuals  in  recent  years. 
And  several  Duke  alumni  have  played  leading  roles  in 
helping  these  companies  reach  out  to  LGBT  employees 
and  customers  alike. 

Since  2002,  the  Human  Rights  Campaign,  a  prominent 
LGBT  advocacy  organization,  has  rated  companies  on 
their  friendliness  to  LGBT  employees.  A  record  195  com- 
panies, including  Fortune  500  companies  such  as  General 
Motors  Corporation  and  Hewlett-Packard,  received  per- 
fect scores  in  its  2008  Corporate  Equality  Index  (CEI). 

This  past  fall,  Wachovia,  a  Charlotte-based  bank  that 
achieved  a  perfect  score  on  the  CEI,  hosted  a  recruiting 
event  on  Duke's  campus  geared  specifically  toward  LGBT 
students,  one  of  several  such  events  that  it  plans  to  con- 
duct at  top  universities  around  the  country.  The  events, 
led  by  recent  graduates  who  now  work  for  the  company, 
are  an  outgrowth  of  the  company's  LGBT  employee 
group,  which  also  holds  social  events  and  educates  man- 
agers on  LGBT  issues. 

"This  all  starts  because  there  is  an  extremely  competi- 
tive recruiting  environment  out  there  right  now," says  Jay 
Everette,  corporate  communications  director  for  Wachovia. 
"It's  hard  to  acquire  top  talent,  so  it's  really  a  business 
imperative  for  Wachovia  to  do  this  kind  of  work." 

At  Yahoo!  Inc.,  Brady  Wood  '98  was  instrumental  in 
founding  an  employee  group  similar  to  Wachovia's  called 
Yahoo  Pride,  which  has  grown  to  more  than  1 50  mem- 
bers. He  also  founded  an  initiative  aimed  at  marketing 
products  and  promotions  such  as  online  social  networks 
to  the  LGBT  community.  Wood's  model  has  since  been 
copied  byother"cultural  interest  groups" at  the  compa- 
ny, and,  last  year,  he  was  awarded  the  company's  "Yahoo 
Superstar"  award  in  recognition  of  his  efforts. 

Financial  adviser  Todd  Sears  '98  has,  likewise,  found  a 
competitive  advantage  in  marketing  to  LGBT  clients. 


far,  one  such  union  has  been  held,  in  2000. 
Three  years  ago,  the  task  force  formed  a 
committee  to  consider  extending  the  uni- 
versity's nondiscrimination  policy  to  trans- 
gender  individuals.  (The  term  "transgender" 
refers  to  any  individual  whose  gender  iden- 
tity or  expression  differs  from  his  or  her  bio- 
logical sex  at  birth.  It  can  include  transsex- 
uals, both  pre-  and  post-operative;  transves- 
tites;  and  others  who  exhibit  gender-bend- 
ing behaviors.)  The  committee  examined 
policies  favored  by  peer  institutions,  as  well  as 


Sears  joined  Merrill  Lynch  &  Co.,  Inc.,  in  2001  and,  soon 
after,  convinced  his  bosses  to  run  a  pilot  program  cater- 
ing to  the  private-wealth  management  needs  of  LGBT 
clients.  The  program  was  such  a  success  that  it  was  made 
national  in  scope  after  one  year.  The  company  now  has 
400  financial  advisers  around  the  country  focusing  on  the 
LGBT  community.  "On  a  federal  level," says  Sears,  vice 
president  and  diversity  manager  for  the  company's 
northeast  division,  "there  are  1,049  rights  not  afforded  to 
[same-sex]  domestic  partners  because  they  are  not 
legally  married.  That  has  a  dramatic  impact  on  estate 
planning  and  income  planning." 

He  has  also  encouraged  the  company  to  form  partner- 
ships with  national  LGBT  organizations.  The  company,  he 
says,  has"always  looked  at  it  from  a  business-develop- 
ment perspective,  with  social  consciousness  as  the  base- 
line. It's  obviously  the  right  thing  to  do,  but  how  great  is 
it  that  it's  also  the  right  business  thing  to  do." 

The  attempts  these  companies  are  making  to  reach 
out  to  LGBT  customers  and  employees  represent  a  grad- 
ual shift.  Tom  Clark  '69,  who  is  gay,  went  to  work  at  U.S. 
Trust  Company  N.A.,  a  private  wealth-management  firm, 
in  1 978 — a  time  when  "people  were  not  openly  gay  in 
the  financial  community,"  he  says.  His  big  "corporate 
coming-out  moment"  came  in  1 990,  when  a  company 
secretary  pointedly  invited  him  to  bring  "a  guest" to  the 
office  Christmas  party.  His  partner,  John  M.  Davis,  was 
seated,  ceremoniously,  at  the  CEO's  wife's  table. 

Before  retiring  in  2006,  Clark  advanced  to  division 
president  and  managing  director,  but,  he  says,  even  in 
the"polite" atmosphere  of  U.S.Trust,  his  sexuality  un- 
doubtedly hindered  his  advancement,  if  indirectly.  "It's 
not  that  you  get  fired.  It's  that  when  people  are  putting 
together'the  team' for  anything,  they  naturally  pull  peo- 
ple in  who  they  not  only  admire  and  think  are  contribu- 
tors, but  people  who  they  have  things  in  common  with." 

As  an  employee,  Clark  never  benefited  from  the  kinds 
of  outreach  programs  that  have  been  created  at 
Wachovia,  Yahoo,  and  Merrill  Lynch.  But  this  year,  after 
Davis  lost  his  health  insurance,  Clark  contacted  Bank  of 
America,  which  had  acquired  U.S.  Trust.  The  company 
agreed  to  extend  Clark's  coverage  to  Davis  retroactively. 
— Jacob  Dagger 


state  governments  and  corporations.  After 
ten  months  of  research,  it  issued  a  report  to 
Reese,  recommending  that  the  university 
protect  transgender  members  of  the  univer- 
sity community  from  discrimination  based  on 
"gender  identity  or  expression."  Last  Febru- 
ary, the  board  of  trustees  approved  an  update 
to  Duke's  statement  of  equal  opportunity 
that  included  the  words  "gender  identity." 
At  the  same  time,  it  voted  to  change  the 
wording  of  the  section  covering  gays  and  les- 
bians to  refer  to  "sexual  orientation"  rather 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


between  disparate 
members  of  the  ur 


"I'm  a  very  big  believer  that  we  have  to  look  at  the  campus  as  a  whole," 

says  Long.  If  the  university  is  not  friendly  and  welcoming  to  all  LGBT  people,  it  will  not  be  an 

entirely  comfortable  environment  for  LGBT  undergraduate  students. 


than  "sexual  orientation  or  preference,"  to 
reflect  the  evolution  in  the  ways  that  the 
nature  of  sexual  orientation  is  understood. 

When  psychologist  Buhrke  arrived  at  Duke 
in  1992,  the  university  was  just  beginning 
to  figure  out  how  to  offer  institutional  sup- 
port to  gay  and  lesbian  students.  As  coordi- 
nator of  gay  and  lesbian  services  for  CAPS, 
she  was  the  first  staff  person  hired  by  the 
university  to  focus  primarily  on  the  LGBT 
student  population. 

She  recalls  spending  her  first  few  years  on 
campus  advocating,  along  with  the  task 
force,  for  a  center  for  gay  and  lesbian  life,  "a 
place  with  a  constant  presence"  where  gay 
and  lesbian  students  could  come  to  support 
each  other  and  socialize.  Just  downstairs  from 
Buhrke 's  current  office  in  the  Page  building, 
there  is  a  small  seminar  room,  measuring 
roughly  sixteen  feet  by  sixteen  feet.  This 
was  the  center's  first  home.  "It  was  an  empty 
room  when  we  got  it,"  she  says.  "We  made  a 
sign  on  the  computer  that  said,  'LGB  Cen- 
ter,' and  slapped  it  on  the  door." 

In  the  early  days,  the  center  was  staffed  by 
work-study  students  and  graduate-student 


volunteers.  In  1996,  it  moved  to  a  slightly 
larger  space  and  hired  a  half-time  director, 
who  also  taught  in  the  history  department. 
By  1999,  it  was  known  as  the  Center  for 
LGBT  Life  and  had  a  full-time  director,  as 
well  as  a  part-time  assistant  director. 

Since  2004,  the  center  has  been  housed 
in  a  2,500-square-foot  suite,  just  off  the  West 
Campus  Plaza.  Its  full-time  staff  of  three  is 
led  by  Janie  Long  M.R.E.  '81,  who  has  served 
as  director  for  a  year  and  a  half.  A  therapist 
by  training  (she  holds  a  Ph.D.  in  couples 
and  family  therapy),  Long  previously  taught 
on  the  faculties  of  Antioch  University,  the 
University  of  Georgia,  Purdue  University,  and 
the  University  of  Louisiana.  She  primarily 
trained  graduate-student  therapists,  but  also 
regularly  taught  an  undergraduate  course  in 
human  sexualities.  On  the  side,  she  advised 
LGBT  student  groups  and  helped  to  start  fac- 
ulty and  staff  groups  on  several  campuses. 

At  Duke,  she  has  continued  her  commit- 
ment to  the  same  sort  of  networking.  Duke 
has  several  student  groups  dedicated  to  LGBT 
issues,  at  least  enough  that  the  landscape 
can  seem  confusing  to  an  outsider.  The  Al- 


liance of  Queer  Undergraduates  at  Duke,  or 
AQUADuke,  caters  to  undergraduates,  and 
its  partner  group,  Duke  Allies,  to  straight 
supporters  of  LGBT  rights.  DukeOUT  rep- 
resents the  Graduate  School;  OUTlaw,  the 
law  school;  Sacred  Worth,  the  divinity 
school;  Fuqua  Pride,  the  Fuqua  School  of 
Business;  and  the  LGBT  Alumni  Network, 
Duke  alumni. 

In  the  past,  these  groups  worked  indepen- 
dently of  one  another  to  come  up  with  pro- 
gramming for  their  various  constituencies, 
but  Long  has  made  an  effort  to  bring  them 
all  together,  inviting  the  leaders  of  each 
group  to  join  a  new  advisory  board  for  the 
center  and  encouraging  them  to  co-host 
campus  events  and  collaborate  on  projects. 
"They  are  truly  beginning  to  get  that  we  can 
go  much  further  on  this  campus  in  terms  of 
increasing  the  visibility  of  the  LGBT  com- 
munity if  we  work  together,"  Long  says. 

"Janie's  been  an  advocate  for  the  center 
and  its  constituencies,"  says  Seils,  the  task 
force  co-chair.  "She's  been  big  on  making  sure 
the  student  organizations  are  active.  She's 
been  giving  them  a  kick  in  the  pants." 


March- April  2008 


Long  also  created  Duke's  first  LGBT  or- 
ganization geared  specifically  toward  faculty 
members  and  employees.  In  just  a  year,  its 
e-mail  listserv  has  grown  to  more  than 
eighty  members. 

For  someone  who  reports  to  the  division 
of  undergraduate  student  affairs,  her  focus 
on  the  faculty,  staff,  and  graduate  student 
body  is  somewhat  unorthodox.  But  she  de- 
fends it,  saying,  "I'm  a  very  big  believer  that 
we  have  to  look  at  the  campus  as  a  whole." 
If  the  university  is  not  friendly  and  welcom- 
ing to  all  LGBT  people,  she  says,  it  will  not 
be  an  entirely  comfortable  environment  for 
LGBT  undergraduate  students. 

In  an  effort  to  create  the  type  of  friendly 
campus  she  envisions,  she  has  ramped  up 
the  center's  programming.  Every  Friday,  she 
and  the  center's  staff  host  a  "Fabulous  Fri- 
day" themed  social  event.  The  events,  which 
draw  a  regular  crowd  of  twenty  or  more  stu- 
dents, have  included  poker  nights,  a  Thanks- 
giving dinner,  and  a  recruiting  reception 
sponsored  by  Wachovia  Corporation,  the 
country's  fourth-largest  bank.  With  the  var- 
ious student  groups,  the  center  has  also  spon- 
sored films  and  lectures  on  campus,  includ- 
ing a  talk  by  gay  former  NBA  player  John 
Amaechi,  who  is  now  a  spokesperson  for  the 
Human  Rights  Campaign. 

Of  course,  not  all  LGBT  students  at  Duke 
use  the  center  or  socialize  with  the  various 
student  groups.  Some  say  that  students  who 
patronize  the  center  have  a  reputation  for 
being  cliquish,  while  others  worry  that  they 
will  be  painted  as  LGBT  activists  if  they  at- 
tend too  many  events  hosted  by  the  center, 
even  social  gatherings.  And  there  are  those 


who  have  simply  developed  comfortable 
social  networks  and  informal  support  sys- 
tems of  their  own  that  include  LGBT  and 
straight  students  alike. 

For  example,  senior  Jenny  Williams,  a  les- 
bian who  asked  that  her  real  name  not  be 
used,  says  that,  over  the  last  year,  she  has 
been  contacted  by  several  students  looking 
for  advice  about  coming  out  to  their  friends 
or  to  their  parents.  She  gladly  meets  with 
them  and  tells  them  her  own  story,  then  lis- 
tens to  their  stories.  "They  don't  need  me  to 
tell  them  what  to  do,"  she  says.  "They  just 
need  to  say  it  out  loud,  and  know  that  some- 
one understands." 

Other  students  consult  with  professors. 
John  Clum,  chair  of  the  theater  studies  de- 
partment, who  has  taught  at  Duke  for  forty- 
two  years,  says  that  over  the  course  of  his 
teaching  career,  he'd  be  asked  to  lunch  by 
students,  and  he  "knew  what  that  meant. 
They  wanted  to  come  out,  wanted  help  in 
coming  out.  It's  one  of  the  most  important 
roles  I  have  served  as  a  teacher." 

GBT  issues  remain  contentious  in 

I  the  U.S.,  both  socially  and  politically. 
i  In  the  wake  of  visible  and,  at  times, 
mMm  vitriolic  controversy  over  the  conse- 
cration of  its  first  openly  gay  bishop,  the 
Episcopal  Church  has  been  divided  by  the 
question  of  how  to  respond  to  LGBT  par- 
ishioners and  clergy.  Opponents  of  gay  mar- 
riage have  passed  amendments  to  several 
state  constitutions  explicitly  banning  same- 
sex  unions. 

The  brutal  murder  of  Matthew  Shepard, 
a  twenty-one-year-old  gay  man,  in  1998  in 


Laramie,  Wyoming,  inspired  proponents  of 
LGBT  rights  to  promote  the  Matthew 
Shepard  Act,  which  would  extend  federal 
hate-crime  legislation  to  protect  individuals 
against  crimes  committed  against  them  be- 
cause of  their  sexual  orientation  or  gender 
identity.  The  act  passed  both  houses  of  Con- 
gress this  past  fall,  but  did  not  survive  a  con- 
ference committee.  And  supporters  of  the 
Employment  Non-Discrimination  Act,  which 
would  protect  workers  from  discrimination 
on  the  basis  of  sexual  orientation,  chose  to 
drop  language  protecting  against  discrimi- 
nation on  the  basis  of  gender  identity  in  an 
effort  to  push  the  bill  through  Congress.  De- 
spite the  compromise,  the  bill  failed  to  pass. 

Still,  advocates  for  Duke's  LGBT  com- 
munity say  that  times  are  changing.  They 
point  out  that  this  generation  of  college  stu- 
dents came  of  age  long  after  entertainer  El- 
len DeGeneres  made  headlines  by  coming 
out  of  the  closet;  these  students  were  raised 
in  an  era  when  Will  &  Grace,  a  sitcom  that 
prominently  features  several  gay  characters, 
was  in  syndication  on  network  television. 

Steven  Petrow  78,  a  journalist  and  former 
president  of  the  National  Lesbian  &  Gay 
Journalists  Association,  remembers  coming  to 
terms  with  his  sexuality  in  the  mid-1970s. 
The  year  that  Petrow  started  at  Duke  was 
the  first  year  that  the  American  Psycho- 
logical Association  stopped  listing  homo- 
sexuality as  a  mental  disorder.  "We  didn't 
talk  about  LGBT  then.  Most  gays  and  les- 
bians were  closeted,  were  fearful." 

He  says  that  back  in  those  days,  there 
wasn't  a  support  system  in  place  for  gay  and 
lesbian  students,  nor  were  there  real  role 
models,  per  se.  "If  you  watched  60  Minutes  in 
the  late  '60s,  gay  men  were  always  pictured 
in  shadow  behind  potted  plants,"  he  says. 
Now,  he  adds,  gays  and  lesbians  are  much 
more  visible  in  society  at  large. 

"The  younger  generation  of  students  is 
coming  in  with  a  high  level  of  cultural  lit- 
eracy about  lesbian  and  gay  issues,"  says  Mi- 
cham,  the  task  force  co-chair.  "It's  common  in 
the  high-school  world  to  have  allies.  Lots  of 
students  are  coming  out  in  high  school,  which 
wasn't  so  much  the  case  ten  years  ago." 

Center  director  Long  likewise  credits  the 
prominence  of  gay-straight  alliances  (GSAs) 
in  high  schools  with  making  a  huge  differ- 
ence in  the  mindsets  of  today's  incoming 
college  students.  More  than  3,500  GSAs  in 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Many  students  continue 

to  worry  that  if  they  come 

out,  their  parents  may 

cut  them  off,  financially 

and.  emotionally. 


schools  across  the  country  have  registered 
with  the  Gay,  Lesbian,  and  Straight  Educa- 
tion Network,  a  national  education  organi- 
zation that  focuses  on  maintaining  safe 
school  environments. 

Duke,  like  other  places,  has  also  changed 
in  more  subtle  ways.  Early  in  her  tenure  as 
coordinator  of  gay  and  lesbian  services  at 
CAPS,  Buhrke  was  assigned  to  counsel  most 
LGBT  students  who  came  to  CAPS,  re- 
gardless of  their  needs  or  questions.  It's  a 
reflection  of  progress,  she  says,  that  now 
every  counselor  is  trained  in  LGBT  issues, 
and  the  students  "are  coming  in  and  seeing 
anybody  in  the  office." 

And  five  years  ago,  a  group  of  students 
spearheaded  a  T-shirt  giveaway  to  promote 
acceptance  and  counter  public  perception 
that  Duke  was  a  homophobic  campus.  They 
created  an  initial  batch  of  500  T-shirts  fea- 
turing the  slogan  "Gay?  Fine  By  Me."  De- 
mand was  so  strong  that  they  ended  up  pro- 
ducing and  handing  out  an  additional  1 ,500 
shirts  in  ten  days,  before  going  on  to  create  a 
nonprofit  organization  to  or- 
ganize similar  giveaways  at 
other  campuses.  The  Love= 
Love  T-shirt  giveaway  on 
Coming  Out  Day  was  par- 
tially inspired  by  the  success 
of  the  earlier  project. 

Even  before  Long  arrived 
at  Duke,  the  university  was 
named  among  the  twenty 
"best  of  the  best"  in  the 
2006  edition  of  The  Advo- 
cate College  Guide  for  LGBT 
Students. 

but  despite  all  of  the  work 
that  has  been  done,  LGBT  lead- 
ers interviewed  by  Duke  Maga- 
zine almost  universally  say  that 
coming  out  of  the  closet — and  staying  out  of 
the  closet — at  Duke  is  not  an  entirely  com- 
fortable proposition.  While  some  students 
say  they  find  the  process  relatively  simple, 
and  the  campus  perfectly  friendly,  others  say 
they  do  not. 

Some  of  the  pressures  to  stay  in  the  closet 


that  LGBT  students  say  they  feel  come  from 
outside  Duke.  When  Petrow,  the  journalist, 
visited  the  LGBT  center  last  spring,  he  and 
a  group  of  students  shared  their  coming-out 
stories  with  each  other.  He  was  shocked  to 
find  that  even  among  the  self-selected  group 
that  came  to  meet  him,  none  was  out  to  his 
or  her  parents.  Many  students  continue  to 
worry  that  if  they  come  out  their  parents 
may  cut  them  off,  financially  and  emotion- 
ally, says  senior  Ashley  Walker,  president  of 
AQUADuke. 

Other  pressures  are  more  universal  in  na- 
ture. In  almost  any  situation,  LGBT  leaders 
say,  coming  out  is  an  emotionally — as  well 
as  politically — fraught  process.  A  Chronicle 
opinion  column  written  in  November  by 
junior  Justin  Noia  questioned  the  notion  of 
"gay  pride,"  arguing  that  the  concept  "de- 
mands respect  on  account  of  one's  sexual 
lifestyle,"  a  notion  he  deemed  unacceptable. 
In  a  reply,  also  published  by  the  newspaper, 
third-year  law  student  Scott  Thompson,  a 
member  of  OUTlaw,  explained  that,  rather 
than  being  some  sort  of  boast,  gay  pride, 
"like  black  pride  or  pride  in  any  disenfran- 
chised group,"  is  an  attempt  to  counter  in- 
ternalized homophobia  developed  from 
years  of  facing  discrimination. 

Though  Duke  has  not  had  to  deal  with 
violent  attacks  on  LGBT  students  like  those 
seen  on  some  other  campuses — Vanderbilt 
and  Georgetown  universities  have  both  seen 
incidents  over  the  past  year 
— Long  says  she  has  re- 
ceived reports  of  what  she 
terms  "hate  speech"  on  cam- 
pus— derogatory  terms  di- 
rected at  specific  LGBT  in- 
dividuals and  at  the  com- 
munity in  general.  Early  in 
the  fall  semester,  for  exam- 
ple, she  says  she  and  her 
staff  noticed  that  the  word 
"faggot"  had  been  traced  in 
the  dust  on  a  vent  right 
outside  the  center.  Not  long 
afterward,  a  Chronicle  story  about  a  housing 
issue  involving  a  transgender  student  sparked 
public  discussions  between  students  on  cam- 
pus that  were  not  always,  as  she  euphemisti- 
cally puts  it,  "LGBT-friendly." 

"When  these  things  happen,  even  though 
none  may  seem  to  you  to  be  particularly 
atrocious,  think  of  the  cumulative  effects," 
she  says.  "Our  students  hear  about  it.  If  it 
happens,  they  hear  about  it." 

They  also  continue  to  hear  when  terms 
like  "gay"  and  "fag"  are  thrown  into  everyday 


speech  to  connote,  in  the  words  of  senior 
Kyle  Knight,  "anything  from  'not  cool'  to 
something  quite  hateful."  Posts  on  a  popu- 
lar campus  gossip  website  founded  earlier 
this  school  year  are  rife  with  this  type  of 
language.  Knight  says  he's  not  shy  about 
correcting  classmates  when  they  use  the 
words  and  has  never  faced  any  ill  will  be- 
cause of  it.  "That  doesn't  mean  that  it  stops 
completely,"  he  says,  "but  they're  at  least  a 
little  uncomfortable  after  they  say  it." 

More  troubling  to  him  is  the  tendency  of 
his  fellow  students  to  think  about  homosex- 
uality as  an  "issue."  Classroom  discussions 
about  homosexuality  often  become  "abstract 
political  discussions,"  he  says,  where  stu- 
dents on  various  sides  of  an  issue  will  make 
declarations  about  what  being  gay  means, 
not  realizing  that  there  might  be  a  gay  per- 
son, or  two,  sitting  right  next  to  them. 

Along  with  the  fear  of  politicization 
comes  the  fear  of  being  stereotyped.  In  dis- 
cussions about  sexual  orientation,  many 
openly  LGBT  students  at  Duke  are  quick  to 
say,  "I'm  gay,  but  it's  not  a  major  part  of  who 
I  am."  But  Long  suggests  that  what  these 
students  actually  mean  is,  "It's  not  all  of 
who  I  am." 

"They  tell  me  they  feel  almost  compelled 
to  say  that,  because  once  somebody  says 
openly  on  this  campus  that  they  are  LGBT, 
that's  all  they  become  in  the  eyes  of  other 
people,  no  matter  how  many  other  activi- 
ties they  are  involved  in. 

"It's  really  a  shame,  because  none  of  us 
are  only  one  small  component  of  who  we 
are.  We  are  a  totality  of  things.  To  have  to 
feel  like  we  have  to  hide  a  certain  part  of 
ourselves  so  as  not  to  have  that  become  our 
sole  identity  is  unfortunate." 

But  many  students  at  Duke  say  they  feel 
as  if  they  do  have  to  hide  that  part  of  their 
identity,  Williams  says.  "At  Duke  there  is  a 
strong  core  culture  that  most  kids  buy  into," 
she  says,  echoing  sentiments  expressed  by 
many  other  students  and  administrators. 
"Most  people  are  incredibly  motivated,  and 
they  know  what  success  looks  like.  They 
place  value  on  affluence  and  power. 

"Being  gay  doesn't  fit  into  that  view,  be- 
cause when  you  are  gay,  you  lose  some  polit- 
ical power,  some  social  power.  Being  gay 
doesn't  fit  into  their  idea  of  what  their  life 
should  look  like." 

Walker  agrees.  "A  lot  of  times,  you  get  the 
sense  that  it  wouldn't  hurt  you  if  you  told 
people,  but  it  wouldn't  really  help  you — if 
you  know  what  I  mean." 

Even  in  areas  typically  seen  as  welcoming 


March- April  2008 


of  LGBT  individuals,  there  is  sometimes  an 
evident  lack  of  openness.  "Duke's  must  be  the 
only  theater  department  in  the  country  with 
no  openly  gay  majors,  which  is  very  bizarre," 
Clum  says. 

In  this  respect,  some  suggest  that  Duke, 
despite  the  strong  institutional  push  to  be 
inclusive,  has  fallen  behind  some  of  its  peer 
institutions.  Other  top-tier  universities,  not- 
ably the  Ivies,  "are  characterized  by  a  better 
climate  for  LGBT  individuals,"  says  Ara  Wil- 
son, a  member  of  the  LGBT  task  force  who 
worked  at  Ohio  State  University  and  Mount 
Holyoke  College  before  coming  to  Duke  a 
year  ago.  Part  of  Wilson's  job  as  the  new 
director  of  the  Program  in  the  Study  of  Sex- 
ualities — which  examines  sexuality  broadly, 
rather  than  focusing  on  homosexuality — is 
to  revive  an  academic  program  that  was  once 
among  the  nation's  strongest,  featuring 
well-known  scholars  like  Eve  Sedgwick  and 
Michael  Moon,  and  a  training  ground  tor 
future  stars  like  Jose  Munoz. 

To  accommodate  students  who  are  look- 
ing for  advice  but  prefer  not  to  come  to  the 
LGBT  center,  presumably  for  fear  of  being 
publicly  identified  as  LGBT,  Long  says  she 
has  established  regular  office  hours  on  East 
Campus  and  also  makes  herself  available  in 
more  informal  settings.  These  venues  have 
been  popular.  "I  jokingly  tell  people  I've  had 
more  coffee  in  the  past  year  than  I  ever 
thought  I  could  consume,"  she  says. 

She  says  that  she  has  spoken  with  several 
students  who  were  out  to  their  friends  and 
family  in  high  school,  before  coming  to 
Duke,  but  have  since  gone  back  into  the 
closet.  Likewise,  she  says  she  knows  of  fac- 
ulty members  who  are  unwilling  to  come 
out  to  colleagues. 

And,  despite  its  positive  ranking  in  the 
Advocate  College  Guide  in  2006,  Duke  was 
ranked  as  among  the  most  homophobic  cam- 
puses in  the  U.S.  by  the  Princeton  Review  just 
seven  years  earlier.  (Long  cautions  against 
putting  too  much  weight  on  the  rankings, 
whatever  they  indicate.  Though  she's  proud 
of  the  center's  recent  work,  she  says  that  the 
results  of  surveys  can  vary  drastically  depend- 
ing on  "who's  asking  the  questions,  who's 
answering,  and  what  the  questions  are.") 

Students  and  faculty  members  alike  say 
that  it's  easier  to  be  out  in  some  depart- 
ments than  in  others,  often  depending  on 
whether  the  department  has  any  openly  gay 


"The  younger  generation 
of  students  is  coming  in 
with  a  high  level  of 
cultural  literacy  about 
lesbian  and  gay  issues. 
It's  common  in  the  high-school 
world  to  have  allies . " 


faculty  members.  "A  noticeable  gay  pres- 
ence in  the  arts  and  humanities"  faculties, 
for  example,  makes  those  departments  seem 
more  welcoming  to  LGBT  students  and  fac- 
ulty recruits,  Clum  says. 

No  concrete  figures  exist  on  the  number  of 
openly  LGBT  faculty  members  at  Duke,  but 
many  faculty  and  staff  members  report  that 
it  is  less  common  to  find  openly  gay  faculty 
members  in  the  social  sciences  than  in  the 
arts  and  humanities,  less  common  still  in  the 
hard  sciences  and  the  medical  school. 

A  university-wide  faculty  survey  on  work 
climate  conducted  by  the  Provost's  Stand- 
ing Committee  on  Faculty  Diversity  in  2005 
asked  questions  about  sexual  orientation, 
but  administrators  reported  there  were  not 
enough  respondents  to  those  questions  to 
draw  any  conclusions  or 
make  recommendations. 
The  committee  is  now 
working  with  the  LGBT 
task  force  to  develop  fo- 
cus groups  that  will  cap- 
ture a  more  accurate  pic- 
ture, according  to  chair 
Nancy  Allen,  vice  pro- 
vost for  faculty  diversity 
and  development. 

Desides  the  programming  spon- 
sored by  the  LGBT  center,  stu- 
dents say,  there  isn't  much  of  an 
LGBT  social  scene  on  campus. 
Williams  says  that  since  coming  to  Duke,  she 
has  had  one  serious  relationship  that  lasted 
a  year  and  a  half,  but  it's  over.  She  knows  of 
only  three  other  lesbians  in  her  class.  "One 
has  a  girlfriend  from  home,  and  I'm  not 
interested  in  dating  either  of  the  other  two. 
It's  almost  silly  how  limited  that  is." 

She  says  she  believes  that  the  problem  is, 
to  some  extent,  a  Catch-22:  If  there  were 
more  of  an  LGBT  social  scene  on  campus, 
then  closeted  students  would  have  more  of 
an  incentive  to  come  out.  If  they  did,  they 


would  improve  the  scene. 

Others  share  this  sentiment.  Knight  says 
he  is  especially  frustrated  by  the  "sideline 
relationships" — often  secretive  one-night 
stands — between  members  of  the  out  gay 
community  and  closeted  gays  at  Duke.  The 
gay  community  does  not  want  to  forcibly 
out  any  of  these  people,  he  says,  but  at  the 
same  time,  their  occasional  forays  only 
serve  to  remind  members  of  the  community 
what  life  could  be  like  if  more  people  were 
out  in  the  open. 

Williams  says  she  knows  that  there  are 
more-established  gay  and  lesbian  scenes  at 
the  University  of  North  Carolina  at  Chapel 
Hill  and  in  Raleigh,  and  perhaps  she  could 
find  women  she  is  interested  in  if  she  ex- 
plored more  outside  Duke,  but  adds,  "I'm 
really  well  established  in  a  social  group,  and 
my  social  group  doesn't  [go  to  those  places]. 
So  that  would  require  doing  research  and 
jumping  into  a  situation  where  I  don't  have 
any  common  interests  with  people  except 
that  we  are  all  gay."  Instead,  she  continues  to 
go  out  to  straight  bars  with  straight  friends, 
and,  over  the  course  of  the  night,  watch 
them  pair  off  with  men  and  head  home. 

According  to  an  ongo- 
ing study  by  a  team  of 
Duke  researchers,  she  is 
not  alone  in  her  struggles. 
Much  has  been  made  in 
the  press  of  the  so-called 
"hook-up  culture"  preva- 
f  lent  on  college  campuses, 
^  an  atmosphere  character- 
Is  1  ized  by  casual,  no-strings- 
!  *"  attached  sex.  As  part  of  a 
larger  study  on  the  development  of  roman- 
tic and  family  relationships  of  young  adults, 
the  Social  Science  Research  Institute  Fac- 
ulty Fellows  Working  Group  on  Family 
Change  and  Variation,  which  consists  of 
nine  Duke  faculty  members,  is  studying  the 
phenomenon  of  "hook-ups"  on  campuses 
like  Duke's. 

The  study  has  not  yet  been  completed, 
but  preliminary  interviews  suggest  that  "the 
heterosexual  hook-up  culture  is  part  of  what 
makes  the  gay  experience  more  difficult  on 
college  campuses,"  says  sociologist  Suzanne 
Shanahan,  associate  director  of  the  Kenan 
Institute  for  Ethics  and  a  member  of  the 
team.  "When  that's  the  normative  culture, 
how  do  you  create  an  alternative  narrative 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


for  yourself  where  you  can  be  comfortable?" 
Some  students  have  been  able  to  identify 
alternate  opportunities  to  socialize.  Senior 
Parker  King,  for  example,  says  that  since 
he  came  out  last  year,  he  and  several  gay 
friends  have  spent  many  weekend  evenings 
hanging  out  at  gay  bars  in  Raleigh.  But  oth- 
ers have  not.  According  to  LGBT  Center 
director  Long,  the  difficulty  many  LGBT 
students  have  in  finding  alternatives  to  the 
typical  heterosexual  social  scene  may  be 
owing,  in  part,  to  Duke's  housing  system. 
Duke  requires  students  to  live  on  campus 
for  three  years.  She  says  that  this  makes  it 
harder  for  some  to  get  out  and  mix  with  the 
outside  Triangle  community,  a  community 
that  she  points  out  "is  actually  pretty 
LGBTfriendly." 

a  crowd  descended  on  East 
Campus  in  September  for  the 
annual  North  Carolina  Pride 
Parade  and  Festival,  which  has 
been  hosted  by  Duke  every  year  since  2001. 
Just  inside  the  campus  gates,  row  upon  row 
of  booths  were  brimming  with  brochures 
and  wares  from  custom  jewelers,  adult-toy 
stores,  LGBT-friendly  real-estate  agents, 
advocacy  organizations,  and  nearby  muse- 
ums. Along  Main  Street,  colorful  floats  were 
lined  up,  and  groups  of  riders  milled  about, 
waiting  for  the  action  to  begin. 

The  celebration  was  not  the  in-your-face 
orgy  that  many  opponents  of  gay  rights  think 
these  things  are.  Sure,  among  the  bagpipers 
and  convertibles  were  a  few  marchers  in  drag, 
but,  overall,  the  mood  of  the  large  crowd 
suggested  a  family-oriented  affair.  Even  a  row 
of  protesters  from  a  local  church  who  line 
part  of  the  parade  route  with  signs  warning, 
"Abortion  is  murder.  Homosexuality  is  a  sin. 
Islam  is  a  lie,"  have  brought  children  along. 
Among  the  parade's  participants  were 
some  sixty  Duke  students,  a  number  that's  all 
the  more  impressive,  Long  says,  when  com- 
pared with  last  year's  six.  Long  attributes  the 
improved  turnout  to  better  leadership  and  net- 
working in  the  ranks  of  the  student  groups. 
Long  says  she  believes  that  bringing  events 
like  the  Pride  Parade  to  Duke  may  allow 
students  to  feel  more  comfortable  on  cam- 
pus and  reach  out  more  into  the  communi- 
ty. This  past  November,  she  helped  arrange 
for  Duke  Law  School  to  host  the  inaugural 
conference  of  Equality  North  Carolina,  a 
statewide  organization  that  advocates  for 
equal  rights  for  the  LGBT  community. 
Several  Duke  students  attended  the  confer- 
ence, which  featured  lectures,  panel  discus- 


sions, and  workshops  organized  around  the 
theme  of  LGBT  rights  and  advocacy. 

In  addition  to  educating  students  about 
their  options,  she  says,  it  is  crucial  for  the 
center,  as  well  as  the  task  force,  to  continue 
to  reach  out  to  diverse  groups  on  campus, 
engaging  various  campus  divisions  in  dis- 
cussions on,  for  example,  how  to  make  the 
university  more  welcoming  for  LGBT  em- 
ployees and  students,  or  what  the  transgen- 
der-inclusive  nondiscrimination  policy  means 
for  them. 

As  simple  as  the  new  policy  might  seem, 
she  says,  it  raises  many  questions  that  will 
have  to  be  answered  in  the  coming  years.  In 
fact,  the  university  was  challenged  on  the 
policy  early  in  the  fall  semester,  when  a  trans- 
gender  student  awaiting  surgery  from  male 
to  female  was  granted  access  to  a  female 
bathroom  while  living  in  a  male  wing  of  a 
dorm.  After  the  other  students  living  in  the 
hall  were  informed  of  the  situation,  a  parent 
called  the  university — and  the  local  media 
— to  complain. 

"I  was  outraged  about  it,"  Lee  Chauncey, 
the  parent,  told  The  Chronicle.  "I  have  ab- 
solutely no  problem  and  fully  support  the 
young  lady  getting  the  procedure  done,  but 
the  living  arrangement  was  inappropriate 
until  the  surgery  was  done.  It  was  not  only 


inappropriate,  it  was  against  state  laws." 
The  student  was  moved  to  a  room  with  a 
private  bathroom. 

Long  says  the  question  about  bathroom 
access  will  not  likely  be  the  last  question  the 
university  faces  regarding  the  policy.  "Just 
like  any  other  policy  you  put  in  place,  you're 
going  to  have  to  learn  what  it  means  all 
across  this  campus,"  in  terms  of  not  just  hous- 
ing policies  but  also  things  like  employee 
health  benefits  and  workplace  dress  codes. 

"It's  about  the  bathrooms,  it's  about  show- 
ers, but  it's  also  about  what  is  acceptable 
within  the  work  environment,"  Long  says. 
"Is  it  acceptable  for  people  to  dress  in  non- 
traditional  ways,  and  is  that  only  acceptable 
if  in  fact  they're  going  to  have  surgery  or 
have  had  surgery?  Or  is  it  acceptable  if 
that's  the  way  they  feel  most  comfortable 
and  choose  to  be?" 

Despite  the  university's  best  efforts  to  es- 
tablish policies  and  institutional  mechanisms 
to  deal  with  these  kinds  of  issues,  unfore- 
seen questions  and  challenges  will  always 
arise.  Finding  answers  to  these  questions  and 
challenges,  she  says,  will  take  time,  effort, 
and  many  long  conversations.  ■ 

For  links  to  Duke  LGBT  resources: 
dukemagazine.duke.edu 


March- April  2008         41 


After  nearly  three  decades  at  Duke,  the  coach  who  built  a  championship  men's 
soccer  program  works  to  keep  his  team  upbeat  and  focused  as  they  ride  the  roller 
coaster  of  his  final  season.  By  Tim  Britton 


In  a  preseason  meeting  just  before  the 
start  of  classes,  head  coach  John  Rennie 
unexpectedly  introduced  his  team  to 
the  newest  senior  on  its  roster:  himself. 
After  twenty-nine  years  at  the  helm  of  the 
Blue  Devils'  men's  soccer  team — a  run  that 
included  more  than  400  victories,  a  win-loss 
ratio  of  over  .700,  and  Duke's  first-ever  na- 
tional championship — Rennie  had  decided 


that  the  2007  season  would  he  his  last. 

Rennie  seemed  to  have  picked  the  right 
juncture  to  make  his  dramatic  exit  from  col- 
lege soccer,  applying  an  acute  sense  of  tim- 
ing not  unexpected  in  the  master  of  a  game 
where  a  split  second  can  mean  the  differ- 
ence between  a  sweet  swish  in  the  corner  of 
the  net  or  the  thwunk  of  the  ball  in  the 
defending  goalie's  gloved  hands.  The  Blue 


Coach  soak:  After  defeating  higher-ranked  UNC 
in  overtime  to  win  the  2005  ACC  tournament,  players 
gave  Rennie  a  celebratory  shower 


Devils  returned  all  but  one  starter  from  last 
year's  team,  which  had  finished  the  season 
only  one  win  from  the  College  Cup,  soccer's 
Final  Four.  They  added  a  talented  freshman 
class  to  a  veteran  nucleus  that  consisted  of 
thirteen  seniors. 

Many  observers  called  the  team  Rennie's 
best  ever,  and  junior  forward  Mike  Grella 
boldly  stated  in  the  summer  that  Duke  "can 
win  the  whole  thing  without  a  lot  of  prob- 
lems." Even  Rennie,  in  the  cautious  language 
coaches  use  to  verbally  knock  on  wood,  ac- 
knowledged at  a  preseason  press  conference 
that  "this  team  is  as  good  as  any  I've  had 
from  an  overall  standpoint." 

The  only  thing  that  didn't  seem  certain 
was  how  Rennie  would  respond  to  the  emo- 
tions of  his  final  season.  "I  did  want  to  let 
the  players  know  before  the  season  started 
because  I  had  made  that  decision,  and  I 
honestly  don't  know  how  it  will  affect  me," 
he  said  in  August.  "I  told  the  guys  the  other 
day  we  have  thirteen  seniors  on  this  team, 
and  now  we  have  fourteen. 

"Seniors  always  wanna  go  out  on  top." 

Soccer  is  a  game  of  flow.  It  is  depend- 
ent on  the  free  movement  of  players 
and  the  rhythmic  passing  of  the  ball. 
The  ball  moves  from  side  to  side,  the 
two  teams  trading  possession  and  momen- 
tum, back  and  forth.  The  game  is  punctuat- 
ed and  ultimately  decided  by  goals — but 
those  happen  only  intermittently,  and  some- 
times not  at  all. 

Soccer  seasons  are  much  the  same  way. 
They  are  free-flowing  and  rhythmic,  delin- 
eated by  peaks  and  valleys  and  individual 
games  that  stand  out  as  defining  moments. 
As  it  played  out,  Duke's  2007  season  had  as 
many  undulations  as  your  standard  EEC. 

On  Friday,  September  22,  Duke  was  4-2 
after  a  2-1  victory  over  the  University  of 
South  Carolina.  The  Blue  Devils  had  al- 
ready lost  a  pair  of  1-0  contests  to  Villanova 


March-April  2008         43 


and  West  Virginia  universities  despite  con- 
trolling possession  in  both  games.  Even  the 
much-needed  win  over  the  Gamecocks  did 
not  come  without  a  cost — senior  co-captain 
Michael  Videira  left  the  game  late  with  a 
tight  hamstring. 

Videira,  who  leads  the  midfield,  is  like 
the  point  guard  of  the  Blue  Devils'  offense, 
directing  traffic  and  controlling  possession 
at  the  top  of  the  box,  the  large  rectangle 
that  stretches  across  the  front  of  the  goal. 
It's  akin  to  the  paint  in  basketball  or  the  red 
zone  in  football;  almost  all  goals  are  scored 
from  the  box.  Fellow  senior  co-captain  Tim 
Jepson,  the  lynchpin  of  the  Blue  Devils'  de- 
fensive back  four,  was  already  sidelined  by  a 
hamstring  injury,  and  senior  midfielders 
Spencer  Wadsworth  and  Zack  Pope  were  still 
recovering  from  off-season  surgeries. 

That  morning,  Rennie,  associate  head 
coach  Mike  Jeffries  B.S.E.E.  '84,  and  assistant 
coach  Ian  Clerihew  discussed  options  in  case 
Videira  couldn't  play  that  night  in  the  con- 
ference opener  against  archrival  Maryland. 

The  coaches  focused  on  senior  Tomek 
Charowski,  who  had  filled  in  for  Pope  in 


"The  best-laid  plans...."  Jeffries  filled  in 
the  cliche  by  shaking  his  head  as  he  walked 
to  the  locker  room  before  the  game.  "The  last 
thing  you  want  to  do  is  start  the  real  season 
with  your  two  senior  captains  on  the  bench." 

In  the  pregame  huddle,  Duke's  third  sen- 
ior captain,  Kevin  Stevenson,  made  an  ef- 
fort to  galvanize  his  teammates,  especially 
those  doubting  their  talent  following  the 
unexpected  losses  and  injuries.  "This  is 
home  field!  This  is  Maryland!  Let's  make  a 
[expletive]  statement!" 

Ninety  minutes  of  soccer  later,  nothing 
had  been  decided;  the  two  teams  were  tied 
at  one  after  regulation.  Before  overtime,  Ren- 
nie gathered  his  anxious  troops  in  a  huddle 
on  the  edge  of  the  field.  "The  rest  is  about 
concentration,"  he  told  them  calmly.  "It's 
between  your  ears  now." 

After  ten  more  scoreless  minutes,  with  a 
second  overtime  looming,  the  coach  was 
more  animated.  "When  we  get  wide,  we  don't 
have  enough  people  in  the  [expletive]  box! 
GET  IN  THE  BOX!  This  keeper  sucks'." 

With  just  two  minutes  remaining  in  the 
overtime  and  the  two  rivals  seemingly  head- 


^ffl  ^^^^^^^^ffl    M 

^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^9 

^^^^Ww^^B^^^Mi^^S^^ 

llT^I 

wjngiMi^^^^^^^^^^ 

the  midfield,  and  freshman  Cole  Grossman, 
who  had  yet  to  play  because  of  a  groin  in- 
jury. Rennie  had  had  his  eye  on  Grossman 
the  day  before  in  practice  during  the  Gladi- 
ator Match,  the  scrimmage  played  the  day 
after  a  game  by  the  backups  (complete  with 
"commanders"  who  pick  the  teams).  Gross- 
man had  not  seemed  particularly  impressive, 
Rennie  commented  to  the  other  coaches. 

"Maryland  would  be  a  brutal  game  to  come 
in  first  game  freshman  year,"  Jeffries  said 
with  a  wry  smile  that  signaled  his  discom- 
fort with  the  scant  options. 

"We  don't  really  have  any  choice,"  Ren- 
nie responded  with  a  shrug. 

Moments  before  game  time,  Videira's  ham- 
string was  still  tight,  and  Rennie  was  forced 
to  go  with  Plan  B:  Charowski  started  in  Vi- 
deira's place,  but  Grossman  would  be  count- 
ed on  to  provide  high-quality  minutes  in 
the  midfield  in  the  second  half. 


ed  for  soccer's  ultimate  banality,  a  tie,  mid- 
fielder Joe  Germanese  found  Grossman  on 
the  right  side  of  the  box.  The  ball  bounced 
once  at  his  feet  before  he  banged  it  past 
Terrapin  goalkeeper  Will  Swaim  and  into 
the  right  corner  of  the  net.  Just  like  that: 
Duke  2,  Maryland  1. 

It  was  a  finish  as  quick  as  it  was  stunning. 
Grossman  tried  to  take  his  shirt  off — that  is 
how  real  footballers  celebrate  goals — but  it 
got  caught  on  his  arms.  "It's  probably  a  good 
thing,"  he  admitted  to  the  reporters  who 
clustered  around  him  after  the  game.  "I'm 
not  the  strongest  kid  on  Earth."  As  he 
talked,  he  was  doing  his  best  Thomas  Hill 
impression — hands  crossed  on  his  head,  his 
whole  body  still  shaking  with  disbelief. 

Pope,  the  senior  midfielder,  intent  on 
keeping  the  freshman's  ego  in  check,  ran 
over  and  leaned  into  the  circle  of  reporters. 
"Tell  Cole  it's  only  one  game,"  he  said. 


It  may  have  been  only  one  game  in  the 
standings.  But  for  Grossman  and  for  the 
Blue  Devils,  to  win  without  their  two  stars 
was  nothing  short  of  incredible. 

"This  is  what  a  team  is  all  about,"  Rennie 
told  them  in  the  post-game  huddle.  "Be  very 
proud  of  that." 

Statement  made. 

Rennie 's  teams  have  been  making 
statements  ever  since  he  arrived  on 
campus  in  1979  from  Columbia  Uni- 
versity. Rennie  grew  up  in  Chat- 
ham, New  Jersey,  playing  soccer  because  his 
local  high  school  had  banned  football.  An 
illustrious  career  as  a  forward  at  Temple  Uni- 
versity— he  scored  six  goals  in  his  first  game 
— was  cut  short  by  an  injury,  and  Rennie 
made  the  natural  transition  to  coaching. 

"It's  as  much  the  coaching  as  it  is  the 
sport,"  Rennie  said.  He  started  coaching 
and  teaching  after  college  but  quickly  found 
that  interacting  with  the  players  on  the 
practice  field  and  in  the  locker  room  was 
more  rewarding  than  lecturing  in  a  class- 
room. "I  couldn't  play  a  whole  lot  anymore, 
so  I  tried  coaching  and  found  it  was  the 
next  best  thing." 

Rennie  started  his  coaching  career  at 
Southeastern  Massachusetts  University  (now 
the  University  of  Massachusetts  at  Dart- 
mouth) then  went  on  to  spend  six  years  at 


IU^E  MAGAZINE 


Columbia.  After  winning  the  Ivy  League 
title  in  1978,  he  believed  he  had  accom- 
plished all  he  could  at  Columbia.  In  the 
academically  fixated  Ivy  League,  he  some- 
times felt  that  the  university  was  embar- 
rassed to  be  too  good  on  the  field.  In  Duke, 
Rennie  saw  a  school  that  unabashedly  com- 
bined academic  and  athletic  excellence.  In 
Rennie,  Duke  saw  the  coach  who  could  take 
the  Blue  Devils  from  a  non-funded,  part-time 
program  that  had  made  just  one  NCAA 
tournament  to  national  prominence. 


first-ever  national  championship  for  a  Duke 
team,  won  by  Rennie's  Blue  Devils  in  1986 
— resides  in  the  Hall  of  Fame  next  to  Cam- 
eron Indoor  Stadium. 

The  2007  Blue  Devils  are  determined  to 
add  to  their  coach's  already-extensive  col- 
lection. The  players  are  experienced,  per- 
haps even  arrogant  about  their  chances, 
but,  unlike  their  Ivy  League  peers,  one 
thing  they  aren't  is  embarrassed  about  suc- 
cess. There's  no  such  thing  as  too  good  in 
Duke  athletics. 


your  heads  down;  there's  a  long  way  to  go." 
On  Thursday,  October  25,  Duke  traveled 
to  Charlottesville,  Virginia,  to  save  its  sea- 
son. The  four-game  winless  streak  left  the 
Blue  Devils  under  .500  in  the  conference; 
the  Cavaliers  were  a  similarly  talented  team 
struggling  in  the  ever-rugged  ACC 

Friday  morning,  the  day  of  the  game, 
dawned  cold,  bleak,  and  wet.  After  a  quick 
breakfast  at  the  Doubletree  Hotel,  the  Blue 
Devils  traveled  to  the  Virginia  campus  to 
get  used  to  the  field  conditions  and  walk 


Championship  season: 
Rennie  celebrates 
semifinal  win  in  the 
2005  ACC  tournament, 
which  Duke  went 
on  to  win,  with  Tim 
Jepson  '08 


In  the  twenty-nine  years  since,  Rennie  has 
led  Duke  to  twenty  tournament  appear- 
ances, including  five  trips  to  the  College  Cup 
and  five  ACC  Championships.  The  evidence 
of  that  success  fills  Rennie's  office  on  the 
second  floor  of  the  Murray  Building.  Through 
the  room's  window,  partially  eclipsed  by  the 
first-floor  roof,  you  can  catch  a  glimpse  of 
Koskinen  Stadium,  the  7,000-seat  home  of 
the  Blue  Devils,  built  in  1999. 

A  bookcase  next  to  the  window  serves  as 
a  pedestal  for  the  trophies  Rennie's  teams 
have  accumulated.  A  framed  collection  of 
captains'  armbands  created  for  the  coach's 
twenty-fifth  anniversary  adorns  the  oppo- 
site wall.  Jerseys  of  former  players  turned 
pro  hang  on  the  wall  facing  his  desk.  (One 
of  those  former  players,  All- American  John 
Kerr  '87,  now  the  coach  at  Harvard  Uni- 
versity, will  replace  him.)  The  most  impor- 
tant trophy  of  all — the  one  marking  that 


The  momentum  from  Grossman's  gold- 
en goal  against  Maryland  carried 
Duke  to  road  wins  over  the  Univer- 
sity of  North  Carolina  at  Wilmington 
and  Clemson  University.  In  those  three 
games,  the  Blue  Devils  avenged  all  of  their 
regular-season  losses  from  2006. 

But  then  Duke  was  back  to  struggling, 
back  to  the  nadir  on  the  undulating  EEC 
The  Blue  Devils  fell  into  a  four-game  tail- 
spin,  losing  to  Boston  College,  UNC-Chapel 
Hill,  and  Wake  Forest  University  before 
tying  Virginia  Tech.  The  Tar  Heels  stunned 
the  Blue  Devils  in  double  overtime  while 
the  Demon  Deacons  spoiled  Senior  Night 
— for  the  thirteen  seniors  and  Rennie — by 
manhandling  Duke  3-0. 

Rennie  was  doing  his  best  to  keep  the 
team  upbeat  and  focused.  "I  think  we're  get- 
ting better,"  he  told  them  after  the  loss  at 
UNO  "We  played  a  great  game.  Do  not  put 


through  the  basic  strategy  for  that  night's 
game.  The  horrendous  weather,  however, 
relegated  them  to  a  simple  jog  to  loosen  up 
before  sprinting  back  to  get  on  the  bus. 

Seven  hours  later,  nothing  had  changed, 
except  that  the  field  at  Klockner  Stadium 
was  even  soggier  and  the  sense  of  despera- 
tion had  doubled  now  that  both  teams  had 
taken  the  field  for  warmups.  Rennie  didn't 
hide  his  discontent  with  the  stadium,  start- 
ing with  the  unconventional  placement  of 
the  benches  in  a  dugout  below  field  level. 
The  pillars  in  front  of  the  stadium  com- 
memorating the  Cavaliers'  four  straight 
national  championships  in  the  early  '90s — 
one  coming  after  a  victory  over  Duke  in  the 
semifinals — didn't  add  to  the  charm  for  the 
Blue  Devils'  coach. 

"This  is  as  important  as  any  regular-sea- 
son game  can  get,"  Rennie  told  his  team  in 
a  cramped  and  suffocatingly  humid  con- 


March- April  2008 


Duke's  frustration.  Every  reserve  in  the  tiny 
dugout  was  standing — the  bench  had  col- 
lapsed during  halftime — pleading  for  a  goal, 
any  kind  of  goal,  anything  to  replace  the 
zero  under  Duke  on  the  scoreboard.  As  a 
shot  flew  just  over  the  crossbar,  a  Duke 
player  spiked  his  Gatorade  water  bottle  in 
disgust.  At  a  dubious  foul  call  by  the  referee, 
Rennie  cried  incredulously,  "Every  time  he 
blows  the  whistle,  the  call  is  wrong."  As  the 
clock  dipped  under  two  minutes,  the  Duke 
bench  got  louder,  and  more  desperate:  "One 
more  chance,  guys!"  One  more  chance! 

The  Blue  Devils  got  that  last  chance,  and 
finally,  through  the  rain,  the  wind,  and  a 
month  of  defeat,  finally  they  made  it  count. 


giving  him  a  win  in  his  last  trip  to  Char- 
lottesville and  for  making  the  three-and-a- 
half-hour  bus  ride  home — the  aspect  of  his 
job  he  dislikes  the  most — a  whole  lot  more 
enjoyable.  That  trip  home  started  riotously 
with  pizza  and  Gatorade — the  two  staples  of 
the  Duke  soccer  diet — and  karaoke  provid- 
ed by  Medcalf  and  Germanese  as  entertain- 
ment. The  two  seniors,  former  teammates 
at  Vanderbilt,  performed  as  punishment  for 
being  late  to  practice  earlier  that  week. 

That  kind  of  punishment  isn't  unusual  for 
the  typically  laid-back  Rennie.  During 
games,  the  coach  spends  much  of  his  time 
sitting  on  the  bench  or  standing  tranquilly 
on  the  sidelines,  his  hands  tucked  into  his 


Crunch  time: 

Freshman  Cole 

Grossman  scored  in 

double  overtime 

against  Maryland 

to  lead  the  Blue 

Devils  to  a  2-1  win 

last  September 


crete  locker  room.  A  loss  could  leave  Duke 
— the  No.  4  team  in  the  nation  at  the  start 
of  the  season — at  home  for  the  NCAA  tour- 
nament. 

An  early  second-half  goal  put  the  Ca- 
valiers ahead,  and  the  Blue  Devils  worked 
manically  to  tie  the  game  late.  The  final 
twelve  minutes  of  regulation  were  played 
almost  entirely  on  Virginia's  end  of  the 
field,  with  Duke  applying  cons'.ant  pressure 
on  Cavalier  goalie  Michael  Giallombardo. 
It  was  like  the  final  moments  of  a  boxing 
match,  the  Blue  Devils  trying  to  get  in  as 
many  punches  as  possible  before  the  final 
bell.  Rennie  even  substituted  forward  Paul 
Dudley  for  defender  Jepson  to  add  another 
offensive  threat  to  the  already-crowded  box. 

As  the  game's  intensity  peaked,  so  did 


Grossman's  pass  crossed  into  the  box  and 
somehow  slipped  through  the  crowd  of  Vir- 
ginia defenders  before  finding  the  head  of 
graduate  student  Joshua  Medcalf — the  for- 
ward known  as  "Bear" — who  knocked  it  into 
the  back  of  the  net  for  the  ecstatic  equalizer. 

History  repeated  itself  in  overtime,  as, 
again  with  under  two  minutes  on  the  clock, 
the  Blue  Devils  scored — this  time  when  Mike 
Grella  beat  Giallombardo  low  and  left.  The 
tally  sent  Duke  into  a  frenzy,  a  month  of 
frustration  released  with  one  cathartic  goal. 

"Wow,  just  wow,"  Rennie  said,  his  eyes 
taking  in  the  scene  of  jubilant  Blue  Devils 
celebrating  in  the  left  corner  of  the  field, 
the  once-driving  rain  reduced  to  a  drizzle. 
"This  is  unbelievable." 

In  the  huddle,  he  thanked  his  team  for 


pockets.  There's  little  yelling,  gesturing,  or 
posturing.  He  does  most  of  his  work  on  the 
practice  field,  and  even  then  he  lets  Jeffries 
run  the  majority  of  the  drills.  Rennie  tends 
to  take  over  at  the  end  of  each  practice  ses- 
sion, his  favorite  refrain  of  "once  more" 
pushing  his  team  to  finish  the  day  strong. 
The  practice  field  is  also  where  Rennie  han- 
dles most  of  his  team's  off-the-field  issues, 
pulling  players  aside  during  water  breaks  to 
speak  one-on-one. 

"I  generally  talk  to  players  alone  out  here 
— before  practice,  during  a  session — instead 
of  calling  them  to  the  head  coach's  office, 
where  they're  thinking,  'What  did  I  do?'  " 
Rennie  explained.  "Out  here,  they're  think- 
ing about  soccer." 

That's  how  Rennie  handled  a  complaint 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


from  goalkeeper  Justin  Papadakis  earlier  in 
the  season  about  the  coach's  quotes  in  The 
Chronicle.  Rennie,  who  is  known  for  being 
candid  with  the  press,  had  told  a  reporter 
that  the  Blue  Devils  didn't  "have  a  leader 
back  there  [on  defense]"  with  Jepson  out, 
and  Papadakis  didn't  take  kindly  to  the  per- 
ceived slight.  The  day  before  the  South 
Carolina  game,  Rennie  took  his  goalie  aside 
and  talked  to  him.  "It  came  out  in  a  way  I 
didn't  want  it  to,"  he  explained  to  his  assis- 
tants later,  adding  that  it's  easier  to  be  criti- 
cal after  wins  than  losses. 

"Memories  are  short  when  you  win  and 
long  when  you  lose,"  Clerihew  responded. 


M 


omentum  is  a  pretty  abstract  thing: 
You  can't  see  it  or  hear  it  or  touch 
it.  But  as  far  as  abstract  things  go, 
momentum  is  about  as  tangible  as 
it  gets.  Because  you  can  always  sense  mo- 
mentum. Any  player  on  the  field  or  coach 
on  the  sidelines  or  fan  in  the  stands  can 
sense  momentum  shifts — they  sense  them 
and  respond  as  a  falling  leaf  responds  to  a 
change  in  the  breeze. 

When  Duke  boarded  that  bus  in  Char- 
lottesville, it  brought  along  an  extra  passen- 
ger: momentum.  And  that  welcome  addi- 
tion to  the  team  carried  the  Blue  Devils 
through  non-conference  wins  against  Cleve- 
land State  University  and  Davidson  Col- 
lege. But  in  the  team's  Halloween  night  vic- 
tory over  Davidson,  fickle  momentum  made 
a  hasty  and  premature  exit  from  the  Duke 
sidelines;  Videira,  the  senior  star  and  mid- 
field  anchor,  suffered  a  serious  quadriceps 
injury.  Rennie  called  it  an  "Oh  no,  here  we 
go  again"  moment. 

Videira 's  absence  was  felt  that  weekend 
in  a  stunning  4-3  loss  to  Alabama  A&.M 
University — the  game  that  would  prove  to 
be  the  final  unexpected  twist  on  the  roller 
coaster  of  the  season.  Rennie  pulled  the 
goalie,  Papadakis,  at  halftime  in  favor  of 
backup  Brendan  Fitzgerald  after  the  senior 
let  a  ball  slip  away  for  an  easy  Bulldogs' 
goal.  Rennie  was  hard  on  Papadakis  after 
the  game,  telling  reporters  that  his  miscue 
was  "an  awful  mistake"  and  a  "devastating 
point  in  the  game."  The  senior  would  not 
see  the  field  the  rest  of  the  season. 

"It's  pretty  close  between  the  keepers," 
Rennie  said,  "and  this  time  of  year  you  can't 
make  mistakes  like  that." 

The  Blue  Devils  handled  ACC  cellar- 
dweller  North  Carolina  State  University  in 
the  regular  season  finale  before  dropping 
their  much-desired  rematch  with  North 


Carolina,  1-0,  in  the  first  round  of  the  ACC 
tournament. 

Despite  the  setbacks,  Duke  took  the 
chilly  and  choppy  field  at  Cardinal  Park 
against  the  University  of  Louisville  the  day 
after  Thanksgiving  for  the  first  round  of  the 
NCAA  tournament  oddly  confident.  Videi- 
ra, who  had  returned  at  half-strength  in  the 
loss  to  UNC,  said  his  teammates  saw  them- 
selves as  the  talented  underdog  nobody 
wanted  to  play.  Even  with  their  pedestrian 
11-7-1  record  and  without  the  high  seed 
they  had  expected  at  the  start  of  the  season, 
the  Blue  Devils  felt  they  could  still  make  a 
run  into  December. 

"At  that  point  in  our  season  more  than 
ever,  we  felt  like  we  could  turn  it  on,"  said 
Jepson,  the  senior  defender.  "We  knew 
everything  else  that  had  happened  in  the 
year  didn't  matter;  we  just  threw  it  out  the 
window.  Once  it's  tournament  time,  it's  a 
whole  new  season." 

The  Blue  Devils'  new  season,  however, 
reflected  the  flaws  of  the  old  one,  ultimately 
flatlining  in  a  1-0  loss  to  Louisville.  Despite 
outshooting  the  Cardinals,  Duke  was  shut 
out  for  the  sixth  time  in  the  season. 

After  the  game,  the  Blue  Devils  lingered 
on  the  field,  unable  to  comprehend  that 
their  season — a  year  of  could-haves  and 
should-haves  and  supposed-tos — was  over. 

It  wasn't  the  first  time  this  group  of  Duke 
players  had  remained  on  the  field  well  after 
the  game  was  over.  They  had  done  it  to  col- 
lect the  last  two  ACC  tournament  champi- 
onships; they  had  done  it  in  Charlottesville 
a  month  earlier.  This  time,  the  mood  was 
distinctly  different. 

"It  was  just  a  big  letdown.  With  so  much 
potential  with  the  team  we've  had  this  year, 


it  was  hard  to  swallow,"  Jepson  said.  "Aside 
from  that,  just  the  culmination  of  all  the 
years  playing  here  and  having  it  boil  down 
to  that  point — it  was  hard.  It  hasn't  really 
hit  you  just  yet,  but  at  the  same  time,  you 
know  it's  the  end." 

Three  days  after  the  loss,  Rennie  has  re- 
covered from  the  last  bus  ride  of  his  ca- 
reer— as  mixed  as  blessings  get.  He  glances 
out  the  window  of  his  office  in  the  Murray 
Building  for  that  partial  view  of  Koskinen 
Stadium.  Neither  structure  existed  twenty- 
nine  years  ago,  and  the  same  could  be  said 
of  the  elite  Duke  soccer  program  he  built. 

But  as  the  coach  sifts  through  files  and 
files  of  old  papers  and  wonders  where  he's 
going  to  store  all  those  jerseys  and  frames 
and  pictures,  he  isn't  thinking  twice  about 
his  decision  to  retire  now,  even  after  a  final 
season  he  admits  was  "very  disappointing." 

"Time  and  timing  is  a  big  factor  in  every- 
body's life,"  he  says.  He  crouches  forward  in 
his  chair  and  clasps  his  hands.  "Time  is  a 
very  precious  commodity,  and  as  you  get  a 
little  bit  older,  it's  becoming  more  precious. 
So  you  decide,  what  do  you  want  to  do  with 
your  time?  Do  you  want  to  do  the  same 
thing,  or  do  you  want  to  change?" 

As  he  sits  there,  surrounded  by  the  me- 
mentos of  his  past,  Rennie's  eye  is  set  firmly 
on  the  future.  A  future  blank  and  open- 
ended  and  amorphous. 

"I  do  not  have  any  set  plans  at  this 
point,"  he  says.  "I  don't  want  any." 

And  why  should  he?  After  all,  the  best- 
laid  plans....  ■ 


Britton  '09  is  sports  managing  editor  of 'The 
Chronicle. 


March- April  2008 


yi 


48         DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Vv  O  1^1 1 II CI S  A  filmmaker  and  his  latest  subject, 
a  classical  pianist,  talk  about  the  joys,  mysteries,  and  tribulations 
that  underlie  creative  expression. 


The  themes  of  creativity,  adversity,  and  capturing  life  stories  ran  through  this 
academic  year's  Duke  Magazine  Forum,  held  in  November.  Featured  in  the  forum 
were  renowned  pianist,  conductor,  and  teacher  Leon  Fleisher,  who,  in  the  course 
of  a  short-term  residency  on  campus,  also  performed  and  led  a  master  class;  and 
Nathaniel  Kahn,  who,  as  a  documentary  filmmaker,  found  a  compelling  subject  in 
Fleisher.  The  moderator  was  Anthony  Kelley  '87,  A.M.  '90,  an  assistant  professor 
of  music,  who  is  also  a  composer. 

The  program  began  with  a  showing  of  Kahn's  short  documentary  Two  Hands. 
The  documentary  describes  what  happened  after  Fleisher— once  called  "the 
pianistic  find  of  the  century"— lost  the  use  of  his  right  hand  to  a  neurological 
disorder.  It  covers  his  effort  to  reinvent  himself  as  a  teacher  and  conductor,  his 
relentless  search  for  a  cure,  and  his  triumphant  return  to  the  concert  stage.  "His 
comeback,"  wrote  The  New  York  Times,  "has  catapulted  him  up  next  to  Lance 
Armstrong  as  a  symbol  of  the  indomitable  human  spirit  and  an  inspiration  to  a 
broader  public."  In  December,  he  was  recognized  as  a  Kennedy  Center  honoree 
for  a  lifetime  of  contributions  to  American  culture  through  the  performing  arts. 

Filmmaker  Kahn  is  also  well  known  for  My  Architect  (2004).  That  work  chroni- 
cles his  five-year  odyssey  to  explore  the  legacy— personal  and  professional— of 
his  father,  Louis  Kahn,  the  acclaimed  modernist  architect.  Both  documentaries 
were  nominated  for  Academy  Awards.  As  a  Yale  student,  Kahn  took  a  literature 
course  with  Richard  H.  Brodhead,  now  Duke's  president. 

Along  with  the  magazine,  the  forum  was  sponsored  by  Duke  Performances 
and  the  President's  Office.  President  Brodhead  opened  the  conversation,  which 
appears  here  in  an  edited  version. 

Richard  H.  Brodhead:  I  just  said  to  the  audience  for  a  conversation.  It  is,  of  course, 

two  people  I'm  about  to  bring  onstage  that  a  great  pleasure  for  this  university  to  host 

it's  as  if  I  had  been  asked  to  appear  at  a  pro-  Leon  Fleisher.  Your  story  is  the  story  of  the 

duction  of  Hamlet — after  which  I  got  to  mystery  of  talent  itself — of  someone  being 

introduce  Shakespeare  and  Hamlet  to  the  given  an  extraordinary  gift,  a  gift  that  made 


you  a  prodigy,  a  gift  that  had  you  debut  with 
the  New  York  Philharmonic  when  you  were 
sixteen  years  old.  And  then,  a  gift  that  was 
mysteriously,  or  at  least  partially,  withdrawn 
as  mysteriously  as  it  was  given.  The  fact  that 
you  then,  out  of  your  sheer  love  of  your  art, 
went  on  to  a  career  as  a  conductor  and 
teacher,  is  just  an  extraordinary  saga. 

I  know  a  little  bit,  personally,  about  the 
other  person  who's  about  to  come  on  stage, 
Nathaniel  Kahn.  I  don't  know  about  your 
musical  talents;  I  know  you  used  to  have 
theatrical  talents.  But  now,  you  have  be- 
come one  of  the  most  gifted  documentary 
filmmakers.  Many  of  us  will  know  your 
other  wonderful  work,  M;y  Architect.  In  this 
case,  "my  architect"  carries  an  intimate  ref- 
erence, because  it's  your  father,  a  person 
who  was  loved  by  many  people,  who 
fathered  children  by  a  number  of  people, 
and  who  would  intermittently  appear  and 
disappear.  The  temptation  in  telling  that 
story  would  be  to  indulge  in  self-pity,  or 
sentiment,  or  anger.  Instead,  the  guiding 
emotion  in  that  film  is  curiosity:  "I  wonder 
what  my  father  was  like,  since  I  didn't  real- 
ly know  him?"  There  is  curiosity,  too,  about 
the  rest  of  your  family — and  empathy.  But 
in  addition,  the  documentary  shows  respect 
for  the  strange  conditions  that  sometimes 
underlie  creativity. 

Anthony  Kelley:  I  want  to  ask  about  the 
idea  of  your  media  having  something  in 


March- April  2008 


common.  Do  you  both  see  an  interplay 
between  truth  and  artifice,  for  example? 

Nathaniel  Kahn:  I've  rarely  been  able  to 
work  with  someone  who  gave  so  much  truth 
in  such  a  short  period.  We  really  only  had 
two  or  three  days  together.  It  was  unlike  my 
previous  film,  M31  Architect,  in  which  the 
energy  of  lots  of  people  was  coming  at  me  in 
a  very  forceful  way.  I  found  a  totally  different 
energy  from  you,  Leon.  And  it  was  fascinat- 
ing to  me.  At  first  I  worried,  you  know,  he's 
so  good  at  this;  he's  like  a  great  actor  who's 
done  this  performance,  or  told  his  story,  a 
number  of  times.  But  I  found  in  looking  at 
the  footage  that  there  was  so  much  more 
there  than  I  could  even  feel  in  the  room. 
I  realized  this  is  what  great  actors  work  all 
their  lives  to  achieve,  which  is  an  enormous 
reality  in  the  smallest  of  gestures.  I  found  in 
your  eyes  and  your  hands  and  in  all  the 
things  that  are  most  expressive  so  much 
truth,  so  much  beauty,  and  so  much  pathos 
as  well,  that  it  really  knocked  me  out — not 
with  its  artifice,  but  with  its  truth. 

Leon  Fleisher:  Well,  it  was  an  extraordi- 
nary experience  for  me,  because,  as  you  say, 
I've  recounted  that  story  countless  times. 
And  somehow  you  elicited  from  me  some- 
thing fresh.  Nathaniel  has  an  extraordinary 
gift  this  way;  I  really  can't  describe  it. 
There  were  a  couple  of  times  when  I  was 
rather  tired,  and  maybe  he  didn't  get  what 
he  was  looking  for.  So  he  goaded  me.  And 
like  a  real  creator,  he  managed  to  get  what 
he  was  looking  for.  It  was  a  great  joy. 

Kahn:  Thank  you. 


Kelley:  As  a  pianist,  do  you  find  that  when 
you're  interpreting  works  of  the  past — you 
know,  in  the  documentary,  we  heard  Bach 
and  others — that  you're  capturing  a  spirit 
of  the  past,  or  do  you  see  it  as  music  that  is 
continuously  alive? 

Fleisher:  Oh,  absolutely,  it  is  alive.  I  think 
that's  what  a  masterpiece  is.  It's  not  dated; 
it  is  alive  for  now  and  forever.  And  it  is 
capable  of  being  plumbed  in  endless  ways. 
You're  always  looking  for  what's  behind  the 
notes.  The  fact  is,  I've  reached  the  age  that 
I  have,  and  I'm  still  finding  new  implica- 
tions in  the  music.  I  think  that's  what  keeps 
great  art  alive. 

Kelley:  There's  something  remarkable 
about  the  struggle  between  yourself  with 
these  physical  limitations  and  your  devo- 
tion to  the  music.  How  tough  was  it  to  boil 
this  down  to  a  short  documentary? 

Fleisher:  Right,  all  of  this  took  up  just  sev- 
enteen minutes  on  the  screen.  And  it  took 
me  seventy-five  bloody  years!  I  think  that's 
the  genius  of  Nathaniel — that  I  still  choose 
to  talk  to  him. 

Kahn:  Leon,  this  story  deserves  to  be  a  long 
film  and  not  just  a  short.  I'd  like  to  make  it 
as  a  feature  film.  I  think  it's  so  enormously 
inspiring,  and  I  asked  Leon  who  should 
play  him.  So  he  said  to  me,  either  Daniel 
Day-Lewis  or  Danny  DeVito.  And  I  said, 
well,  that's  quite  a  range.  How  do  you 
rationalize  that  range?  And  he  said,  "Well, 
I  feel  differently  on  different  days." 

But  the  short  documentary  has  its  own 
discipline.  You  know,  we  have  novels  and 


we  have  short  stories.  When  you  pick  up  a 
novel,  you  sort  of  know  what  to  expect.  It's 
going  to  be  a  long  experience;  you're  going 
to  live  with  it  for  a  while.  If  it's  War  and 
Peace,  and  if  you  read  at  my  speed,  you're 
going  to  live  with  it  for  several  months, 
maybe  even  a  year.  Of  course,  if  you  read  at 
President  Brodhead's  speed,  it's  probably  a 
day.  With  films,  there  is  a  kind  of  tyrannical 
length.  It  used  to  be  two-and-a-half  hours, 
then  it  was  two  hours,  now  it's  ninety  min- 
utes, sometimes  even  eighty  minutes.  When 
I  was  young,  short  films  were  part  of  our 
world;  they  were  part  of  the  output  of  the 
greatest  filmmakers  of  all  time,  like  Charlie 
Chaplin  and  Buster  Keaton,  and  there  would 
be  newsreels  before  film  screenings  as  well.  It 
was  a  very  exciting  thing  to  watch  a  short, 
and  many  times  the  shorts  were  better  than 
the  features.  I  remember  one  particular 
short  about  a  boy  and  his  chicken.  I  have  no 
idea  what  the  feature  was,  but  I  remember 
the  short.  I  think  that's  a  form  that  we've 
lost,  unfortunately,  but  it  is  coming  back. 

Kelley:  To  what  extent  was  there  negotia- 
tion between  the  two  of  you  about  which 
compositions  would  be  represented,  which 
ones  might  best  serve  the  structure? 

Kahn:  We  worked  very  hard  on  choosing  a 
piece  that  went  with  the  moment.  And  we 
listened  to  every  recording  we  could  get  our 
hands  on.  So  it  was  not  just  saying,  "Oh, 
we  should  throw  some  music  in  there."  We 
recorded  "Sheep  May  Safely  Graze"  a  num- 
ber of  times.  And  someone  said  to  me  that 
the  film  on  some  level  prepares  you  to  lis- 
ten to  "Sheep  May  Safely  Graze,"  which 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


"We  live  in  a  time  of  such  violence,  and  to  be 
able  to  tell  a  story  of  someone  who  through  his 
whole  life  has  changed  the  world  through  art- 
through  music— seemed  terribly  important." 


plays  mostly  over  you,  Leon,  going  out  on 
the  stage  as  the  film  closes.  It's  a  moment 
when  the  audience  can  just  sit  and  listen  to 
the  music,  without  the  visual  stimulation. 
So  musically,  it's  my  favorite  moment  in 
the  film — playing  over  the  credits. 

And  I  remember  asking  you,  how  do  you 
determine  how  long  a  pause  is?  So  tell  me. 
How  do  you  determine  how  long  a  pause  is? 
Because  that  moment  in  the  film,  where 
there's  a  pause  just  before  another  chord 
comes  in,  is  extraordinarily  beautiful. 

Fleisher:  I  don't  know. 

Kahn:  Well,  that's  the  mystery. 

Kelley:  What's  your  process  as  you  coach  a 
student  who's  about  to  play  that  next 
chord?  I've  heard  you  say  that  sometimes 
it's  nice  to  kind  of  wait  and  give  space. 

Fleisher:  It's  hard,  really,  to  put  into  words. 
I  think,  basically,  later  is  better,  because  it 
helps  free  the  imagination  of  the  listener. 
With  inexperience,  with  young  kids, they're 
always  coming  in  too  early.  And  if  you  come 
in  just  a  wee  bit  late  instead,  it  sets  it  off;  it 
gives  the  composition  that  sense  of  structure. 
I  gave  a  class  the  other  day  in  Las  Vegas, 
of  all  places,  the  World  Piano  Pedagogy 
Conference.  I  started  my  remarks  by  saying, 
"I've  just  thought  of  a  title  for  this  lecture, 
and  that  is  'How  Do  We  Know  When  to 
Play  the  Second  Note?'  "  The  first  note  is 
no  problem,  but  how  do  you  know  when  to 
play  the  second  note?  If  you  can  set  off  silent 
clicks  in  your  head,  you're  much  more  like- 
ly to  find  that  sweet  spot,  the  timing  that  is 
just  right. 

Kelley:  How  do  you  feel  about  the  resurrec- 
tion of  the  story  of  your  dystonia  [leading  to 
the  loss  of  the  use  of  your  right  hand]  ? 

Fleisher:  The  more  I  get  up  and  scream 
about  it,  the  better  it  is.  There  are  some 
300,000  people  in  this  country  who  suffer 
from  dystonia.  One  form  is  genetic,  and  it's 
painful.  The  other  kind  is  what  I  have.  It's 
called  focal  dystonia;  it  hits  one  set  of  mus- 
cles, usually  the  one  that  counts  the  most. 
There  are  some  10,000  musicians  in  the 
world  who  suffer  from  focal  dystonia.  They 


even  get  it  in  the  lip — horn  players.  I  really 
was  the  first  to  scream  out  loud  about  it, 
because  so  many  musicians  have  it,  and 
they  don't  want  it  to  get  to  be  known:  Any 
diminution  in  their  chops,  as  it  were, 
means  they're  out  of  work.  So  they  disguise 
it  as  the  flu  or  something. 

Kelley:  I  have  two  last  questions.  One  is  in 
the  form  of  a  plea:  You  both  agree,  I  know, 
that  we  could  use  some  better  pianos  at 
Duke.  Okay,  good,  now  that's  on  the  record. 
The  other  question  is,  sometimes  you're 
talking  to  someone  you  love  a  lot,  and  the 
very  next  day,  you  say  to  yourself,  "I  wish  I 
had  said  this  instead."  Are  there  any  such 
second  thoughts  around  this  film? 

Fleisher:  I  can't  think  of  any.  I  don't  know 
how  many  hours  you  filmed,  but  I  loved 
your  choice  of  material. 

Kahn:  I  felt  at  the  time  that  we  got  every- 
thing that  we  needed.  But  I  know  that  there 
is  so  much  more.  Coming  today  to  your 
master  class,  there  were  so  many  things 
that  I  saw.  You've  mentioned  that  when 
you're  teaching,  you  have  to  find  the  right 
words.  And  the  day  that  we  filmed  you,  you 
found  some  of  the  right  words,  but  I  think 
maybe  the  particular  students  were  not  at 
the  right  point  in  their  performances. 

Today,  at  Duke,  was  the  first  time  that 
I'd  heard  you  put  into  words  exactly  what 
you  were  feeling  about  the  playing.  And  it 
was  enormously  descriptive,  in  the  same 
way  that  you  would  describe  to  any  actor 
how  to  improve  his  or  her  performance. 
Sometimes  it's  very  specific — slow  down, 
speed  up,  hold  back  the  second  note — very 
technical.  Other  times,  it's  enormously 
metaphorical,  like  when  you  said,  "Your 
playing  is  like  water,  it's  too  thin.  It's  falling 
down  the  keys.  It  needs  to  be  thicker,  like 
maple  syrup,  or  honey — dripping  down." 
It  was  phenomenal,  a  marvelous  metaphor 
for  what  you  wanted.  And  you  know  what? 
The  next  time  the  student  played,  it 
sounded  somewhere  between  maple  syrup 
and  honey. 

And  then  you  told  another  student  that 
there  wasn't  enough  struggle  and  pain  in 


that  moment.  It  was  this  idea  that  you 
wanted  the  student  to  understand — exactly 
when  it  was  in  Brahms'  life  that  he  had 
written  the  piece,  right  before  he  died. 

Fleisher:  Schubert. 

Kahn:  Schubert.  Sorry.  But  I  thought  that 
that  instruction  was  remarkable,  because 
many  times  I've  heard  people  say  in  talking 
about  My  Architect,  "Well,  I  don't  need  to 
know  all  those  details  about  the  guy's  life:  I 
just  want  to  see  the  work,  I  want  to  see  the 
architecture,  I  want  to  see  the  painting.  I 
want  to  analyze  it  on  its  own  terms.  I  don't 
need  to  know  what  happened  to  this  per- 
son at  that  moment."  But  when  you  made 
the  opposite  point,  I  had  to  agree  that  it 
makes  an  enormous  difference,  in  terms  of 
the  performance,  to  know  exactly  what  was 
happening  in  the  life  of  the  composer. 

Fleisher:  Mozart,  you  know,  wrote  one  of 
his  most  upbeat  and  triumphant  and  majes- 
tic piano  concerts  right  after  learning  of  his 
father's  death.  You  can  go  Freudian  on  me, 
if  you  want,  but  knowing  something  like 
that  might  change  the  context  for  the  per- 
formance. 

[Question  from  the  audience]:  Did  you 

ever  struggle  with  being  self-conscious 
about  having  your  story  told? 

Fleisher:  No,  I  didn't  feel  any  self-con- 
sciousness about  it. 

[Question  from  the  audience]:  Was 

there  a  particular  moment  that  marked  the 
turnaround  from  despair  toward  acceptance? 

Fleisher:  It's  probably  different  for  different 


March- April  2008 


Flashes 
of  Genius 

eon  Fleisher's 

musical  genius 

appeared  early.  He 

beganstudying         GREAT  PERFORMANCES 

classical  piano  at  the  age       fV. = H 

offour,hadhisnrstpublic  GRIEG'SCHUMANN 
recital  at  eight,  and  made  piano  concertos 
his  Carnegie  Hall  debutat  H^Hl  EON 
sixteen.  Despite  his  agoniz-  IflFH  f  I  [  I S  |  [  R 
ing  bout  with  focal  dysto-  BBbI "li"  * 1 1  m 
nia,  which  forced  him  to 
put  his  recording  and  per- 
forming career  on  hold, 
Fleisher  has  had  a  remark- 
able creative  output.  The 
Library  of  Congress  has  a 
comprehensive  Fleisher 
discography  through  2004 
available  on  its  digital 
archives  ( link  at  www.dukemagazine.duke.edu).  Some 
more  recent  releases  offer  a  representative  sampling 
of  Fleisher's  work. 

Leon  Fleisher:  Two  Hands  (Artemis 
Classics,  2004)  The  first  recording  Fleisher  made  after 
regaining  the  use  of  his  right  hand,  this  CD  features 
works  by  Bach,  Chopin,  Debussy,  and  Scarlatti.  Junior 
Michael  Wood,  who  took  a  master  class  with  Fleisher 
during  his  Duke  visit,  says  that  Two  Hands  represents  "a 
paradigm  of  Fleisher's  playing  style.  His  reserved  and 
delicate  approach  to  Bach  first  struck  me  as  rather  odd, 
though,  with  time,  I  learned  to  appreciate  how  he  can 
convey  even  more  subtleties  through  his  approach." 

Grieg,  Schumann:  Piano  Concertos 

(Sony,  original  recording  remastered  2005)  Featuring 
compositions  by  Grieg  and  Schumann,  this  disc  is  one 
of  several  collaborations  among  Fleisher,  conductor 
George  Szell,  and  the  Cleveland  Orchestra.  Originally 
recorded  in  1960,  this  recording  finds  Fleisher  "in  his 
muscular  prime," says  Randall  Love,  associate  professor 
of  the  practice  of  music.  "The  rhythms  are  strong  and 
the  sound  burnished,  perfect  for  these  concertos." 

The  Essential  Leon  Fleisher  (Sony 

Classics,  original  recording  remastered  in  2008) 
Reissued  in  conjunction  with  Fleisher's  2007  Kennedy 
Center  Honor  and  eightieth  birthday,  this  anthology 
features  highlights  from  his  most  critically  acclaimed 
recordings.  There  are  also  never-before-released  gems, 
such  as  Fleisher's  1963  recording  with  the  Juilliard 
String  Quartet  of  Brahms"'Piano  Quintet  in  F  Minor," 
and  the  opening  movement  of  Schubert's  "Sonata  in 
B-Flat  Major,"  Fleisher's  first  recording  for  Columbia 
Masterworks  in  1954. 


"I've  reached  the  age  that  I  have,  and  I'm  still 
finding  new  implications  in  the  music.  I  think 
that's  what  keeps  great  art  alive." 


Return  to  form: 
Fleisher  in  a  scene 
from  Two  Hands 


people.  I  just  woke  up  one  morning,  and  I 
was  tired  of  my  self-pity.  I  can  only  compare 
it  with  my  decision  to  stop  smoking;  I 
stopped  after  forty  years  of  smoking.  So  may- 
he  that's  my  nature,  I  don't  know.  I  had  had 
enough.  I  think  I  was  missing  music,  so  I 
told  myself,  there  are  other  ways  of  doing  it. 

[Question  from  the  audience]:  Given 
the  level  of  your  expertise,  is  it  possible  for 
you,  Mr.  Fleisher,  just  to  enjoy  a  concert? 
And  for  you,  Mr.  Kahn,  to  enjoy  a  movie? 

Kahn:  Oh,  definitely,  I  can.  I'm  always  in 
awe  of  anybody  who  gets  a  movie  made. 
You  know,  it's  really  hard.  Of  course,  there 
are  movies  you  see  that  are  crafted  poorly, 
or  that  just  are  dumb  stories.  But  anybody 
who's  really  trying  to  tell  something  that  is 
clearly  close  to  them,  I  always  admire. 

Fleisher:  I  do  try  to  go  listen  to  great 
musicians. 

Kahn:  There's  a  big  difference,  I  think.  I 
mean,  Leon  is  a  master  of  what  he  does.  And 
a  lot  of  people  go  out  and  make  movies. 
There  are  not  a  lot  of  people  who  can  play 
the  piano  at  that  level  that  allows  you  to  go 
on  stage.  And  it's  one  of  the  reasons  why  I 
think  classical  music  continues  to  be  so  im- 
portant, because  there  is  a  standard.  You've 
got  to  be  pretty  damn  good  to  be  able  to  be 
listened  to  in  the  context  of  the  concert 
stage  and  to  maintain  a  career  doing  that. 
There  are  a  lot  of  hacks  out  there  making 
movies  and  doing  very  well  with  it.  It's 
pretty  hard  to  be  not  a  good  piano  player 
and  continue  your  career. 

Fleisher:  Not  as  hard  as  you  think. 


Kahn:  Really?  Okay,  I  stand  corrected. 

[Question  from  the  audience]:  You've 
made  two  really  wonderful  movies  about 
love  and  artistry.  Is  there  more  you  want  to 
say  about  those  themes? 

Kahn:  It's  funny  you  asked.  Someone  just 
asked  me  today,  "Why  did  you  want  to 
make  this  movie  about  Leon?"  I  heard  your 
recordings  growing  up,  and  I  always  loved 
your  music  as  a  boy.  And  then  a  few  years 
ago,  I  opened  up  a  copy  of  National  Geo- 
graphic, and  there  was  the  story  of  a  man — 
it  was  Leon — who  was  helped  greatly  in  his 
medical  condition  by  the  application  of  a 
poison.  So,  I  thought,  boy,  this  would  be  a 
marvelous  story  to  tell.  But  I  realized  the 
real  reason  that  I  made  the  film  is  that  we 
live  in  a  time  of  such  violence,  and  to  be 
able  to  tell  a  story  of  someone  who  through 
his  whole  life  has  changed  the  world  through 
art — through  music — seemed  terribly  im- 
portant. There's  a  rather  noisy,  clamorous 
way  to  protest.  And  there  are  more  sonorous, 
beautiful  ways  to  do  it.  I  think  that  music, 
which  speaks  the  universal  language,  can 
calm  the  restless  soul  and  can  restore  digni- 
ty in  a  world  that  is  not  very  dignified  right 
now.  That's  why  I  wanted  to  make  the  movie. 

[Question  from  the  audience]:  Your 

mother  proposed  two  alternatives  for  you, 
becoming  either  a  concert  pianist  or  presi- 
dent of  the  United  States.  As  your  prospects 
in  concert  piano  were  fading,  had  you  con- 
sidered the  other? 

Fleisher:  You  flatter  me,  sir.  ■ 

For  audio  of  Fleisher  and  more: 
www.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Books 


Glimpses  of  fame:  Hayakawa,  at  lunch  with 

Charlie  and  Oona  O'Neil  Chaplin,  was 

never  fully  embraced  by  American  audiences 


Sessue  Hayakawa:  Silent  Cinema  and  Transnational  Stardom 

Ety  Daisuke  Miyao.  Duke  University  Press,  2007.  379  pages.  $23.95. 


There  was  a  time  during  the  late  1910s 
and  early  1920s — the  golden  age  of 
silent  films — when  Sessue  Hayakawa 
was  something  of  a  household  name 
in  the  U.S.,  at  least  among  movie-going 
Americans  of  Japanese  descent  who  were 
proud  to  see  that  a  son  of  Old  Nippon  had 
made  it  in  Hollywood. 

Born  in  Japan  in  1886,  Kintaro  Haya- 
kawa (Sessue  was  a  later,  showbiz  name 
change)  was,  as  one  version  of  his  fuzzy  life 
story  puts  it,  being  groomed  for  the  navy 
when  a  childhood  accident  damaged  one  of 
his  eardrums.  Unable  to  meet  the  Japanese 
navy's  physical  requirements  and  feeling  he 
had  let  down  his  father,  Hayakawa  attempt- 
ed seppuku,  or  ritual  suicide — demonstrat- 
ing, perhaps,  a  youthful  taste  for  drama. 

In  any  case,  notes  Daisuke  Miyao,  an  as- 
sistant professor  of  Japanese  literature  and 
film  at  the  University  of  Oregon,  the  future 
actor  headed  to  the  U.S.  in  1907  and  a  year 
later  was  enrolled  in  the  Home 
Study  Department  of  the  Uni- 
versity of  Chicago.  All  told, 
Miyao  offers  only  a  few  para- 
graphs about  his  subject's  past 
prior  to  his  move,  from  Chi- 
cago to  Los  Angeles,  where 
he  appeared  in  stage  plays  in 
Little  Tokyo. 

It  was  in  one  of  those  the- 
atricals for  Japanese  immi- 
grants that  Thomas  H.  Ince  da.su 
saw  Hayakawa  perform;  the 
well-known  producer  hired  the  young  actor 
for  several  movies  that  would  evoke  "The 
Orient"  and  exploit  the  popularity,  among 
some  middle-class  Americans,  of  what  was 
then  known  as  "Japanese  Taste" — aesthetic 
appreciation  of  Japanese  art,  refined  ges- 
tures, and  the  ineffable  elegance  of  the  "ex- 
otic" East.  Thus,  in  early  1914,  Hayakawa 
turned  up  in  O  IsAimi  San  with  the  Japanese- 
born  actress  Tsuru  Aoki,  another  player  in 
Ince's  stable  who  would  later  become  the 
Japanese  actor's  wife.  This  "picturesque  Jap- 
anese number,"  as  one  trade  sheet  described 


SESSUE 
ttAYAKAWA 


6 


it,  offered  a  convoluted  plot  complete  with 
a  shogun,  political  intrigue,  samurai-armor- 
busting  passions,  and,  of  course,  ritual  suicide. 
Hayakawa  acted  in  more  than  a  dozen 
films  in  1914  alone.  A  year  later,  in  Cecil  B. 
DeMille's  The  Cheat,  he  became  an  over- 
night sensation.  Critics  and  movie-goers 
raved,  Miyao  recalls,  about  Hayakawa's  char- 
ismatic presence,  his  East-meets- West  blend 
of  stylishness  and  poise,  and  the  heightened 
emotion  expressed  by  his  kabuki-like  act- 
ing, in  which  he  seemed  to  use  only  his  face. 
("We  didn't  need  dialogue.  We  had  faces!" 
Gloria  Swanson's  faded,  silent-movie  queen, 
Norma  Desmond,  declares  in  Sunset  Boule- 
vard. Of  Hayakawa's  acting  style,  DeMille 
once  remarked:  "I  don't  understand  it[,]  ... 
but  it  is  the  greatest  thing  I  ever  saw.") 

In  The  Cheat,  Hayakawa  plays  a  debonair 
art  dealer  who  uses  money  from  a  Red  Cross 
Fund  to  pay  a  Caucasian  American  woman 
for  sexual  favors.  Apparently,  their  passion 
goes  unconsummated  in  this 
tale  of  sex  and  sake,  for  movie- 
makers at  the  time  could  not  al- 
low "the  races"  to  mix.  When 
the  woman  tries  to  return  his 
money  after  her  husband  scores 
it  big  in  the  stock  market,  he 
assaults  her  and  brands  her 
shoulder — The  Cheat  becomes 
Sex  and  the  Psycho. 

Audiences  were  captivated 
jivac  by  Hayakawa's  gentleman-vil- 

lain character.  However,  as 
Miyao  explains,  over  time  he  faced  an  irre- 
solvable artistic  dilemma:  Depending  on 
Japan's  relative  popularity  with  the  U.S. 
government — the  country  and  its  culture 
fell  out  of  favor  as  Japanese  imperialist  aspi- 
rations rose  after  World  War  I — on  Amer- 
ican screens,  the  actor  could  play  the  lik- 
able but  distinctly  foreign  Asian  but  often 
was  forced  to  play  the  bad  guy.  He  could  not 
play  romantic  leads  who  ended  up  "getting 
the  girl"  when  "the  girl"  was  Caucasian.  As  a 
result,  Hayakawa  sometimes  played  honor- 
able villains  who  sacrificed  satisfying  their 


own  desires  so  that  white  heroines  could 
find  true  love — or  at  least  light-skinned, 
European-descended  mates. 

Hayakawa  founded  his  own  production 
company,  developing  scripts,  starring  in  his 
own  movies,  and  taking  part  in  directing  and 
editing.  In  1937,  he  headed  to  France  to  play 
a  Japanese  spy  in  Max  Ophuls'  Yoshiwara. 
He  spent  World  War  II  in  France,  making 
movies  with  French  directors  and  helping 
the  French  Resistance.  Later,  he  resurfaced 
in  Hollywood's  Tokyo  ]oe  (1949),  alongside 
Humphrey  Bogart.  Hayakawa's  late-career 
high  point  was  his  Academy  Award-nomi- 
nated role  as  a  Japanese  prisoner-of-war  camp 
commander  in  David  Lean's  The  Bridge  on 
the  River  Kwai  (1957).  A  low  point:  his  turn 
a  year  later  in  the  Jerry  Lewis  vehicle  The 
Geisha  Boy,  in  which  Hayakawa  again  has  a 
bridge  constructed — across  his  swimming 
pool — but  does  not  commit  ritual  suicide. 

Although  Miyao's  book  often  reads  like  a 
laundry  list  of  plot  summaries  and  can  be 
annoyingly  repetitious,  and  although  it  fails 
to  provide  a  three-dimensional  portrait  of 
its  subject,  it  does  accomplish  its  goal  of 
showing  how  producers  and  Hayakawa  care- 
fully managed  "the  tense  balance  between 
Americanization  and  Japaneseness"  that 
shaped  his  "star  image."  They  were  keenly 
aware,  Miyao  notes,  that  a  Japanese-born 
performer,  even  one  as  well-known  as  his 
contemporaries  Charlie  Chaplin  and  Douglas 
Fairbanks,  would  never  be  fully  embraced 
by  America's  xenophobic  masses.  (Actors 
Anna  May  Wong  and  Paul  Robeson  faced 
similar  bigotry.)  Hayakawa's  success  story — 
he  had  fame,  houses,  his  own  company,  a 
gold-plated  car — lies  in  the  great  tradition  of 
the  American  Dream  Fulfilled.  Still,  as 
Miyao's  study  makes  clear,  Hayakawa  really 
must  have  meant  it  when,  in  1949,  he  said, 
"My  one  ambition  is  to  play  a  hero." 

— Edward  M.  Gome? 

Gomez  '79  is  a  member  of  Duke  Magazine's 
Editorial  Advisory  Board  and  co-author  of  Yes: 
Yoko  Ono  (Harry  N.  Abrams,  2000) . 


March- April  2008 


Literary  Trails  of  the  North  Carolina  Mountains:  A  Guidebook 

By  Georgann  Eubanks  '76.  University  of  North  Carolina  Press,  2007 .  440  pages.  $35. 


Location  pertains  to  feeling,"  Eudora 
Welty  writes  in  her  landmark  essay, 
"Place  in  Fiction";  "feeling  profound- 
ly pertains  to  place;  place  in  history 
partakes  of  feeling,  as  feeling  about  history 
partakes  of  place."  Southern  writers  have 
long  been  accused  of  being  obsessed  with  a 
sense  of  place.  Kinfolk  and  sweethearts  and 
workmates  are  all  tied  to  a  location  in  South- 
ern storytellers'  minds,  and  those  locations 
to  histories,  personal  and  official,  and  those 
histories  become  story.  Like  all  cliches,  this 
truism  about  place  and  Southern  story- 
telling has  its  roots  in  age-old  traditions  of 
that  self-same  identification  with  a  land- 
scape and  an  understanding  of  how  a  con- 
nection to  that  landscape  shapes  lives. 

Literary  Trails  of  the  North  Carolina  Moun- 
tains gives  a  rich  glimpse  into  how  that  con- 
nection has  been  fostered,  and  more,  it 
excites  a  desire  for  reconnection  and  fresh 
connections  to  North  Carolina  vistas.  The 
first  book  in  a  three-part  series  of  guide- 
books funded  by  the  North  Carolina  Arts 
Council — the  Piedmont  and  the  Coastal 
Plains  are  to  follow  in  2009  and  2010 — this 
handsome  volume  enchants  with  its  stories 
of  the  raw  material  so  many  North  Carolina 
writers  have  forged  into  their  narratives. 

It  has  become  a  perennial  question:  Why 
has  North  Carolina  in  particular,  of  all  the 
loquacious  Southern  states,  produced  such 
a  great  number  of  wordsmiths,  from  its  colo- 
nial days  to  its  modern  banking  present?  So 
often  agrarian-based,  so  often  bound  up  in 
those  diurnal  Southern  topics  of  fixation — 
Protestant  religion,  race,  farming — North 
Carolina  writers  have  taken  their  humble 
state  and  worked  and  reworked  it,  from 
Charles  Chestnutt's  defiant  slaves  of  Fayette- 
ville  to  Thomas  Wolfe's  Asheville  board- 
ing-house sojourners,  to  Reynolds  Price's 
twentieth  century  Piedmont  existentialism. 

The  most  delightful  thing  about  Georg- 
ann Eubanks'  absorbing  book  is  how  she 
slices  and  dices  the  great  overabundance  of 
the  North  Carolinian  literary  heritage,  how 
she  uncovers  literary  landmarks  in  at  times 


unlikely  places.  F.  Scott  Fitzgerald  spent 
time  in  Hendersonville;  Thomas  Dixon,  who 
wrote  The  Clansman,  made  into  the  movie 
Birth  of  a  Nation,  was  from  Shelby;  Valle 
Crucis  was  the  inspiration  for  Romulus  Lin- 
ney's  historical  novel  Heathen  Valley,  and 
the  general  store,  built  in  1883,  still  stands 
there.  It  would  seem  every  small  town  and 
hamlet  has  had  a  scribe  either  born  there  or 
inspired  by  it. 

The  book  is  divided  into  two 
geographical  sections.  "The 
Southern  Mountains:  Place" 
includes,  among  other  places, 
Black  Mountain  and  Swanna- 
noa,  home  to  the  two  legend- 
ary and  unusual  schools — Black 
Mountain  College  and  Warren 
Wilson  College — known  for 
their  progressive  approaches  to 
education,  especially  the  arts. 
Black  Mountain  College,  no 
longer  in  business,  was  famous 
for  the  many  dancers  and  ar- 
tists and  writers  who  taught  and 
studied  there  (Robert  Rausch- 
enberg,  Merce  Cunningham, 
John  Cage)  from  the  early 
1930s  until  it  closed  in  1956. 
We  are  told  about  Canton,  the 
hometown  of  former  North  Car- 
olina poet  laureate  Fred  Chap- 
ell  '61,  A.M.  '64,  and  given 
snatches  of  the  world  he  re- 
turns to  over  and  over  again  in 
his  vast  oeuvre.  Of  course  we 
are  treated  to  Asheville's  rich  and  well- 
known  history  (Thomas  Wolfe,  Scott  and 
Zelda  Fitzgerald),  to  Flat  Rock,  where  poet 
Carl  Sandburg  made  his  final  home,  but  also 
to  places  like  Cullowhee,  home  to  our  cur- 
rent poet  laureate,  Kathryn  Stripling  Byer. 
But  given  equal  footing  with  the  well- 
known  writers  are  lesser-known,  though  in- 
teresting and  important,  contributors  to  the 
tapestry,  many  who  deserve  rediscovering. 

"The  Northern  Mountains  and  Foothills: 
Voice,"  the  second  section  of  the  book, 


It  has  become  a 
perennial  question: 
Why  has  North 
Carolina  in  particular, 
of  all  the  loquacious 
Southern  states, 
produced  such  a  great 
number  of  wordsmiths? 


gives  us  places  like  Celo,  where  novelist  Anne 
Tyler  '61  grew  up,  and  Andrews  Geyser,  a 
man-made  waterworks  created  when  the  rail- 
roads were  built  in  the  Blue  Ridge,  which 
John  Ehle  writes  about  in  The  Road.  Tryon, 
where  singer/songwriter  Nina  Simone  grew 
up;  Rutherfordton,  which  Tony  Earley  writes 
about  with  such  wry  joy;  exotic  Little  Swit- 
zerland, which  Doris  Betts  describes  in  her 
1981  novel,  Heading  West — towns  upon 
towns,  each  with  a  story,  each  that  gives  us 
a  more  and  more  layered  sense  of  North 
Carolina's  cultural  legacy.  The  photogra- 
phy, largely  by  Donna  Camp- 
bell, at  times  whimsical  and 
times  reportorial,  almost  always 
lyrical  and  evocative,  whets 
the  appetite  for  more,  makes  us 
want  to  get  up  and  go  see  for 
ourselves. 

Well  researched  and  pleas- 
ingly written,  this  volume  will 
captivate  the  armchair  tourist, 
the  backpacker,  or  the  day- 
tripper — its  rewards  are  rich. 
Even  if  the  reader  is  steeped  in 
North  Carolina  lore  and  liter- 
acy, Literary  Traib  of  North  Car- 
olina is  bound  to  excite  new  dis- 
coveries and  to  lure  one  back 
to  old  haunts  with  new  eyes. 

Welty  writes:  "It  seems  plain 
that  the  art  that  speaks  most 
clearly,  explicitly,  directly  and 
passionately  from  its  place  of 
origin  will  remain  the  longest 
understood."  Ultimately,  the 
reason  that  North  Carolina 
has  produced  so  many  impor- 
tant writers  will  probably  remain  a  mystery. 
If,  however,  an  answer  exists,  this  book  will 
go  a  long  way  toward  explaining  that  won- 
derful literary  cornucopia. 

— Randall  Kenan 

Kenan  is  an  associate  professor  of  English  at 
the  University  of  North  Carolina  at  Chapel 
Hill.  He  is  the  author  of  several  books,  includ- 
ing A  Visitation  of  Spirits  and  Let  the 
Dead  Bury  Their  Dead,  which  was  a  finalist 
for  the  National  Book  Critics  Circle  Award. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Alumni 


***MK 


dukealumni.com 


Building  for  posterity:  Pieces  of  Indiana  limestone  await  placement  as  West  Campus  takes  shape  Duke  university  Archives 

March- April  2008         55 


.'• 


/ 


am  incredibly  proud 

I  to  call  myself  a  Duke  Blue  Devil 


MATT    WILLIAMS    T'09 


Alumni  Register 


With  a  Bounce  in  His  Step 

Fifty-one  years  ago  this  spring,  Robert 
Posthumus  was  hanging  out  with 
friends  when  talk  turned  to  a  stunt  a 
bunch  of  Princeton  boys  had  pulled 
off.  They'd  kicked  a  soccer  ball  from  Prince- 
ton's campus  to  New  York  and  back  in  relay 
fashion,  with  a  number  of  students  taking 
turns  for  various  stretches  of  the  journey. 

Posthumus  '59,  then  a  sophomore  and 
member  of  Duke's  cross-country  and  track 
teams,  recalls  that  he  wasn't  terribly  im- 


he  was  and  could  never  bankroll  the  dare. 

That  was  the  end  of  the  discussion,  as  far 
as  he  was  concerned.  A  few  hours  later,  he 
heard  a  knock  on  his  dorm-room  door.  He 
opened  it.  No  one  was  there,  but,  on  the 
ground,  was  a  piece  of  yellow  legal  paper 


Posthumus: 
then  and  now 


ham  Sun  caught  up  with  him,  snapped  a 
photo,  and  ran  alongside  Posthumus,  inter- 
viewing him  as  he  dribbled  along.  As  the 
1  day  wore  on,  word  of  Posthumus'  progress 
I  spread  quickly  by  phone  and  radio.  Carloads 
|  of  students  from  North  Carolina  State, 
"  Duke,  and  Wake  Forest  sought  him  on  his 
route  to  shout  encouragement.  Governor 
Luther  Hodges  met  him  on  the  steps  of  the 
capitol  and  shook  his  hand. 

Sportscasters  announcing  the  play-by- 
play for  a  Blue  Devils  varsity  baseball  game 
transmitted  periodic  updates  to  the  fans  in 


Diifrf-  /.,.,/  To  Dribble 
mashelbMToMeigl 
IndBackr-Tc 


Duke  Dribbler  (HI (hi  $25  Dash! 


f»rr;'~  i£»?££!v5 


™Esfi*ii§#R"ra 


pressed.  "One  thing  led  to  another,  and  I 
said,  merely  in  jest,  that  I  was  sure  I  could 
dribble  a  basketball  to  the  steps  of  the  state 
capitol  and  back,"  he  recalls.  "I  figured  it 
would  take  about  eighteen  hours." 

Someone  asked  how  much  money  he'd 
need  to  make  it  worth  his  while,  and  Post- 
humus came  up  with  the  figure  of  twenty- 
five  dollars  "because  we  weren't  supposed  to 
be  betting,  and  I  figured  that  wouldn't  be 
enough  to  get  me  in  trouble"  if  Duke  ad- 
ministrators caught  wind  of  it.  Plus,  he  fig- 
ured his  buddies  were  as  strapped  for  cash  as 


with  the  names  of  twenty-five  classmates, 
each  pledging  one  dollar. 

Early  the  next  morning — Saturday,  April 
20, 1957 — Posthumus  showed  up  at  the  steps 
of  Duke  Chapel  to  start  his  trek.  Wearing 
khakis  and  a  long-sleeve  plaid  shirt,  he 
waited  around  for  a  few  minutes,  but  finally 
set  out  on  his  own.  He  told  the  one  other 
person  awake  at  that  hour — a  campus  cop 
— that  if  anyone  showed  up  looking  for 
him,  to  tell  them  he'd  gone  on  ahead. 

Around  the  time  he  neared  the  Durham 
county  line,  a  sports  reporter  from  the  Dur- 


the  stands.  By  the  time  Posthumus  made  his 
way  up  Chapel  Drive  for  the  final  stretch,  a 
crowd  had  gathered  to  celebrate  his  achieve- 
ment. As  the  marching  band  played  a  rous- 
ing tune,  Posthumus  made  the  last  of  the 
estimated  105,000  dribbles  it  took  him  to 
complete  the  challenge. 

By  then,  he  had  long  since  stripped  down 
to  a  T-shirt  and  running  shorts.  He'd  also 
developed  toe-to-heel  blisters  on  both  feet 
that  took  several  weeks  to  heal.  But  he'd 
managed  to  beat  his  own  time  prediction  by 
several  hours,  completing  the  round  trip  in 


March- April  2008 


CAREER  CORNER 


Ask  the  Expert 

After  six  years  in  corporate  law,  I  have 
decided  to  go  into  business.  I'm  having  a 
hard  time  getting  my  foot  in  the  door. 
What  do  you  advise? 

The  old  adage  that  law  is  good  prepara- 
tion for  any  career  may  be  true,  but  a 
legal  background  is  not  an  obvious  ad- 
vantage to  a  hiring  manager  who's  look- 
ing for  a  track  record  in  a  particular 
industry.  Plus,  he  or  she  may  think  you'll 
be  too  expensive.  You  have  to  go  out  of 
your  way  to  make  the  case  why  the  em- 
ployer should  hire  you. 

Does  the  way  you're  presenting  your- 
self shout  "law"?  If  it  does,  consider  a 
"functional"  resume  format  that  allows 
you  to  demonstrate  your  managerial, 
financial,  and  strategic-planning  skills. 
You'll  still  need  to  list  your  employment 
history,  but  it  will  come  at  the  end  of 
your  resume,  where  it  will  be  secondary 
to  your  relevant  experiences. 

Use  your  cover  letter  to  articulate  why 
you  want  the  advertised  position  and 
downplay  your  desire  to  exit  the  legal 
profession.  Make  it  easy  for  the  employer 
to  see  how  the  skills  you've  developed 
can  add  value.  Your  volunteer  work  on 
boards  of  directors  or  organizing  philan- 
thropic events  for  your  PTA  may  be  more 
relevant  than  your  legal  work. 

Your  applications  will  always  be  more 
successful  if  you  have  a  champion  in  the 
organization  who  can  endorse  your  can- 
didacy. Build  your  base  of  professional 
colleagues  online  and  through  associa- 
tions. Request  informational  interviews 
with  executives  to  better  understand  a 
particular  business  and  what  it  takes  to 
be  successful. 

You  may  identify  "competence  gaps" 
— a  lack  of  key  knowledge  or  skills  that 
make  you  less  competitive  than  other  can- 
didates. If  this  is  the  case,  consider  the  in- 
terim step  of  becoming  an  in-house  coun- 
sel. Many  lawyers  have  found  this  an  ex- 
cellent step  toward  senior  management. 
— Sheila  Curran 

Curran  is  the  Fannie  Mitchell  Executive 
Director  of  the  Career  Center. 
The  Career  Center,  in  partnership  with 
the  DAA,  provides  career  advice  to 
alumni.  Send  questions  or  inquiries  to 
career'alumni@studentafj airs,  duke.edu. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


RETROSPECTIVE 


Selections  from  University  Archives 

Duke's  famous  Blue  Devil  mascot  made  its 
first  appearance  in  the  October  5, 1 929, 
football  game  against  the  University  of 
Pittsburgh.  The  contest  was  the  debut  of 
the  new  Duke  Stadium,  now  known  as  Wallace  Wade, 
the  first  facility  to  open  on  West  Campus.  Recounting 
the  halftime  festivities,  The  Chronicle  reported  that 
the  marching  band  took  the  field  "preceded  by  a 
genuine  Blue  Devil  who  ran  halfway  across  the  field 
to  embrace  Pitt's  panther  and  do  an  impressionistic 
dance  with  the  playful  animal."  Later,  "the  Duke 
Blue  Devil  routed  the  Panther  with  his  pitchfork  and 
thereafter  was  the  darling  of  the  rooters."Over  the 
years,  the  Blue  Devil  has  adapted  its  look,  giving  up  its 
form-fitting  costume  and  face  paint  for  more  contem- 
porary styles. 


ilties.tdlfii 


Decades  of  Devils:  mascot 

manifestations  from  the  '60s,  '30s,  70s, 

and  '50s,  clockwise  from  top 


thirteen  hours  and  forty-five  minutes. 

In  addition  to  the  $25  wager,  he  also  re- 
ceived a  free  steak  dinner  and  widespread 
publicity  for  his  troubles — including  a  write- 
up  in  the  European  edition  of  The  Stars  and 
Stripes.  (His  parents  in  Florida  learned  about 
the  feat  when  they  read  about  it  in  their 
hometown  newspaper  the  next  morning.) 

Posthumus  spent  his  winnings  during  a 
spring  break  trip  to  Myrtle  Beach  a  few  weeks 
later.  And  the  ball  that  traveled  up  and  down, 
up  and  down,  for  sixty  miles?  "I  returned  it 
to  my  roommate,  Stephen  Rudisill  ['59],  who 
didn't  know  I  had  taken  it,"  says  Posthumus. 

"The  nubs  on  the  ball  were  completely 
worn  off." 

— Bridget  Booker 

Picture  Yourself  Here 

Interested  in  getting  access  to  the  archi- 
val photographs  that  run  in  Duke  Mag- 
azine? 
Duke  University  Archives  has  recent- 
ly created  a  page  on  the  popular  photo  web- 
site Flickr.com,  where  alumni  can  access  ar- 
chival photos  from  as  far  back  as  the  1920s, 
including  many  that  have  run  in  Duke  Mag- 
azine's Retrospective  column  over  the  years. 


Nominations 
for  the  Distinguished  Alumni  Award, 
the  highest  honor  presented  by  the 
Duke  Alumni  Association,  are  being 
accepted  for  2008.  The  honor  is 
awarded  annually  to  alumni  who 
have  distinguished  themselves 
through  contributions  to  their  field 
of  work,  in  service  to  Duke  University, 
or  toward  the  betterment  of  human- 
ity. All  living  alumni,  other  than 
current  Duke  employees,  are  eligible 
for  consideration. 

Nomination  forms  are  available 
online  at  www.dukealumni.com/ 
awards  or  from  from  Jennifer  Torres 
at  (919)  684-3055. 


to  the  archives  page,  or  comment  on  specif- 
ic photos  that  have  already  been  posted. 

Tim  Pyatt  '81,  university  archivist,  says 
he  hopes  that  alumni  will  take  advantage  of 
the  comment  feature  to  share  historical  in- 
formation with  each  other  and  help  the  ar- 
chives staff  complete  the  historical  record 
— especially  in  the  cases  of  photos  with 
unidentified  subjects.  "A  lot  of  times,  we 
just  have  whatever  information  was  written 


Pec  power:  members  of  the  1970  Chronicle  editorial  staff  pose  sans  shirts  in  the  Allen  Building  trustee  boardroom 


Archives  staff  members  plan  to  post  more 
than  300  photos  before  Reunions  this  spring 
of  subjects  ranging  from  the  1940  commence- 
ment ceremony  in  the  new  Cameron  Indoor 
Stadium  to  students  hanging  out  at  the  Dope 
Shop  in  the  1970s  and  an  anti-apartheid 
rally  on  the  Chapel  Quad  in  the  1980s.  The 
photos,  most  of  which  are  owned  by  Duke 
and  free  for  any  non-commercial  use,  can 
be  sorted  by  decade  and  theme  or  viewed  as 
a  slideshow. 

The  site  also  includes  several  interactive 
features.  Users  can  share  their  own  Duke 
photos  by  linking  their  personal  Flickr  albums 


on  the  back  of  the  photo,  which  can  be  fair- 
ly minimal,"  he  says. 

One  photo  depicts  a  couple  dancing,  with 
what  appear  to  be  cardboard  record  players 
on  their  heads.  "We'd  love  to  know  the 
whole  history  behind  that  one,"  Pyatt  says. 
"Who  the  people  are,  what  the  event  was.  It 
could  be  really  interesting.  It's  a  great  image." 

The  photos  posted  on  the  site  represent 
only  a  fraction  of  what's  available  in  the 
archives,  and  archives  staff  members  wel- 
come suggestions  regarding  content.  Send 
requests  and  comments  to  uarchives@notes . 
duke.edu. 


Duke  ASumni  Association 

Board  of  Directors,  2007-08 

President:  Thomas  C.  Clark  '69 

President-elect:  Ann  Pelham  74 

Secretary-treasurer:  Sterly  L  Wilder  '83 

Vice  Presidents: 

J.  Brett  Bennett  M.H.A.  '86 

Ann  Wooster  Elliott  '88 

Amy  Schick  Kenney '96,  M.E.M. '98 

Hardy  Vieux '93 

Derek  Moody  Wilson '86,  M.B.A. '90 

DukeMagarine  Editorial  Advisory  Board  representative: 

Peter  Applebome  '71 

Directors-at-large: 

Nelson  C.Bellido  '89 

Matthew  F.Bostock '91 

Emily  Busse  Bragg  78 

Daniel  M.  Dickinson  B.S.E.  '83 

Julia  Borger  Ferguson '81 

ArtynHaig  Gardner  73 

William  Thomas  Graham '56 

Stacey  Maya  Gray '95 

Roseann  Viscomi  Hassey  '83 

Jeffrey  C.  Howard  76 

Theodore  J.  Humphrey  II  B.S.M.E.  '61 

Anne  DeVoe  Lawler  75 

Jeremiah  O.Norton '00 

John  David  Ross  Jr. '92 

Caroline  Christy  Susman  '88 

Dawn  M.  Taylor '89 

Melviat.  Wallace  '85 

James  V.Walsh  74 

Samuel  Wei  Teh  Wang '86 

Professional  school  representatives: 

Carmichael  Roberts  Jr.  '90,  Ph.D.  '95 

Graduate  School  of  Arts  and  Sciences 
Elizabeth  W.  Parker  M.B.A.  '85,  Fuqua  School  of  Business 
Amy  Schick  Kenney  '96,  M.E.M.  '98 

Nicholas  School  of  the  Environment  and  Earth  Sciences 
Timothy  R.  Davis  B.S.E.  '92,  Pratt  School  of  Engineering 
J.  Brett  Bennett  M.H.A. '86 

Department  of  Health  Administration 
Lori  Terens  Holshouser  77,  J.D.  '80,  School  of  Law 
William  Cooke  Andrews  Jr.  76,  M.D.  '80,  School  of  Medicine 
Martha  Cohn  Romney  B.S.N.  77,  School  of  Nursing 
Holly  Eggert  Duchene  D.P.T.  '03 

Graduate  Program  in  Physical  Therapy 
Faculty  representatives: 
James  N.Siedow, 

Professor  of  Biology  and  Vice  Provost  for  Research 
Thomas  W.  Robisheaux  74,  Associate  Professor  of  History 
Student  representatives: 
Hasnain  Zaidi  '08,  President,  Class  of  2008 
Lauren  Lee-Houghton  '09,  President,  Class  of  2009 
Render  Braswell  '10,  President,  Class  of  2010 
Paul  Slattery  '08,  President,  Duke  Student  Government 
Crystal  Brown  L '08,  President, 

Graduate  and  Professional  Student  Council 
Honorary  members: 
N.  Allison  Haltom  72 
William  E.  King  '61,  A.M.  '63,  Ph.D.  70 

University  Archivist  Emeritus 
Suzanne  J.  Wasiolek  76,  M.H.A.  78,  LL.M.  '93 

Assistant  Vice  President  for  Student  Affairs 
Gerald  L.  Wilson  B.D.  '61,  A.M.  '68 

Senior  Associate  Dean,  Trinity  College 


March- April  2008 


Class  Notes 


WRITE:  Class  W.res  Editor,  Duke  Magazine, 
Box  90572,  Durham,  N.C.  27708 

FAX:  (919)  681-1659  (typed  only,  please) 

E-MAIL:  dukemag@duke.edu 

(Include  your  full  name,  address,  and  class  year.) 

CHANGE  OF  ADDRESS:  Alumni  Records,  Box  90581, 
Durham,  N.C.  27708.  Please  include  mailing  label. 

E-MAILADDRESS  CHANGES  TO:  bluedevil@duke.edu 

NOTICE:  Because  of  rhe  volume  of  class  note  material  we 
receive  and  the  long  lead  time  required  for  typesetting, 
design,  and  printing,  your  submission  may  not  appear 
for  three  to  four  issues.  Alumni  are  urged  to  include 
spouses'  names  in  marriage  and  birth  announcements. 
We  do  not  record  engagements. 


Half-Century  Club 

Edwin  Polokoff  '44  is  the  author  of  Been  There, 
Done  That — What  Now? ,  published  by  Vintage  Press. 
He  is  on  the  executive  committee  and  serves  as  vice 
president  on  the  board  of  trustees  of  the  Boca  Raton 
Museum  of  Art  in  Florida. 

George  Perkins  '54  is  the  author  of  Stones  Stand, 
Waters  Flow:  A  New  England  Story,  a  memoir  of  growing 
up  on  a  histotic  farm  in  New  England,  and  Rare  Days 
in  Lost  Valley:  The  Bellwether  University  Book  of  Uni- 
versal Truths,  a  comic  novel  about  fraud  and  confusion  at 
an  academic  conference.  He  is  a  professor  ( 

:  Eastern  Michigan  Unb 


Alan  Solomon  M.D.'57  was  given  a  five-year  re- 
newal on  a  grant  from  the  National  Institutes  of  Health's 
(NIH)  National  Cancer  Institute.  He  has  held  the 
grant  for  42  years,  making  it  one  of  the  longest-held 
grants  in  NIH  history.  Solomon  is  a  professor  of  med- 
icine and  director  of  the  Human  Immunology  and 
Cancer/Alzheimer's  Disease  and  Amyloid-Related 
Disorders  Research  Program  at  the  University  of 
Tennessee-Knoxville.  Recently,  Solomon  was  the  lead 
author  on  a  team  conducting  research  on  a  connec- 
tion between  the  consumption  of  foie  gras  and  the 
development  of  amyloids  (abnormal  clumps  of  pro- 
teins) found  in  rheumatoid  arthrir^  and  tuberculosis. 


1960s 


Steve  Kimbrough  Jr.  B.D.  62  appeared  on  a 
BBC  television  program  dedicated  to  the  300th 
anniversary  of  the  birth  of  Charles  Wesley,  author  of 
"Hark!  The  Herald  Angels  Sing."  He  participated  in 
an  interview  and  shared  a  scene  from  Sweet  Singer, 
his  musical  drama  about  Wesley.  Kimbrough  also  pre- 
sented a  concert  with  his  son,  Timothy 
Kimbrough  '79,  M.Div.  '83,  at  Duke  in  November 
titled  "Music  of  the  Heart,"  celebrating  Wesley. 

Rush  Rankin  '65  is  the  author  of  two  new  books:  In 
Theory,  a  series  of  meditations  that  focuses  on  aes- 
thetics, and  Pascal's  Other  Wager,  a  collection  of  poet- 
ry  examining  human  relationships.  His  2003  poetry 
book,  Bene-Dicrions,  won  the  Vassar  Miller  Prize. 

Jack  Bovender  '67,  M.H.A.  '69  received  the 
Woodrow  Wilson  Award  for  Corporate  Citizenship 
given  to  "those  executives  who,  by  theit  examples 
and  theit  business  practices,  have  shown  a  deep 


concern  tor  the  common  good  beyond  the  bottom 
line."  He  is  chair  and  CEO  of  Hospital  Corporation 
of  America. 

Claiborne  Gregory  Jr.  '67  was  named  one  of  The 
Best  Lawyers  in  America  2008.  He  works  for  the  San 
Antonio  branch  of  Jackson  Walker,  where  he  special- 
izes in  bankruptcy  and  creditor-debtor  rights  law. 

Wilhelmina  Reuben-Cooke  '67  has  been  elected 
a  trustee  of  The  Duke  Endowment.  She  is  provost 
and  vice  president  of  academic  affairs  at  the  Univer- 
sity of  the  District  of  Columbia. 

Stephan  A.  Graham  A.M.  '68,  Ph.D.  '71  has 
been  awarded  the  John  Pollock  Award  for  Christian 
Biography  from  Samford  University's  Beeson  Divinity 
School  for  his  book  Ordinary  Man,  Extraordinary 
Mission,  a  biography  of  Methodist  missionary  E. 
Stanley  Jones.  He  is  a  professor  of  political  science 
at  the  University  of  Indianapolis. 

Robert  H.  Roser  Jr.  '68  was  awarded  the  Welsh 
Heritage  Medallion  by  the  National  Welsh  American 
Foundation. 


1970s 


Huston  Diehl  A.M.  71,  Ph.D.  75  is  the  author  of 
Dream  Not  of  Other  Worlds,  a  story  of  racism  and 
poverty  in  a  Virginia  public  school,  published  by  the 
University  of  Iowa  Press.  She  is  an  English  professor 
at  the  University  of  Iowa. 

Christine  Meaders  Durham  J.D.  71  was  award- 
ed the  2007  William  H.  Rehnquist  Award  for  Judicial 
Excellence  by  the  National  Center  for  State  Courts. 
The  Rehnquist  award  is  presented  annually  to  a  state 


|£  -    When  you  make  a  gift  of  $10,000  or  more, 
'  L*  N   Duke  can  offer  you  (and/or  your  loved  ones) 
a  fixed  income  for  life.  A  charitable  gift  annuity 
also  generate  a  tax  deduction  and  can 
H£   reduce  capital  gains.  Your  ages,  your  financial 
needs,  and  current  interest  rates  determine  the 
annuity  rate  Duke  can  offer.  Some  sample  rates: 


:  5.7% 

6.5% 

0% 

:  5.8% 
6.3% 


Annuity  rates  are 
subject  to  change. 
Once  your  gift  is 


To  learn  more  about  life  income  gifts  and  other 
'tax-wise"  giving  opportunities,  please  contact: 


Duke  University  Office  of  Gift  Planning 

2127  Campus  Drive,  Box  90600,  Durham,  NC  27708 

Phone      (919)681-0464 

Fax  (919)684-9731 

Email        giftplanning@dev.duke.edu 

Web         www.giftplanning.duke.edu 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


court  judge  who  exemplifies  "judicial  excellence,  in- 
cluding integrity,  fairness,  open-mindedness,  knowl- 
edge of  the  law,  professional  ethics,  creativity,  sound 
judgment,  intellectual  cuuraiic,  and  decisiveness." 
Durham  has  served  on  the  Utah  Supreme  Court 
since  1982  and  was  named  chief  justice  in  2002. 

Serena  Gray  Simons  71,  J.D.  '83  has  been 
named  one  of  The  Best  Lawyers  in  America  2008 .  She 
practices  law  at  Venahle  in  Washington. 

Jeffery  B.  Golden  72  has  been  appointed  chair 
of  the  American  Bar  Association  (ABA)  Section  of 
International  Law.  Working  in  London,  he  is  the  first 
section  chair  to  be  based  outside  the  U.S.  He  was  also 
appointed  to  the  Commission  of  the  World  Justice 
Project  and  to  the  ABA  Rule  of  Law  Initiative  Board. 

Marie  Katz  Hammond  72  is  the  author  of  Balm 
in  Gilead:  Writings  of  Jeremiah,  a  guide  through  the  life 
and  writings  of  the  Biblical  prophet.  It  is  published 
by  Wipf  and  Stock  Publishers. 
Stephen  D.  McCullers  B.S.E.  72,  A.M.  74  was 

named  director  of  the  Cobb  County  Water  System 
in  Georgia.  He  has  worked  for  the  utility  since  1993 
and  has  served  as  interim  director  since  May  2007. 

Arthur  "Tim"  Garson  Jr.  M.D.  74,  a  pediatric 
cardiologist  and  executive  vice  president  and  provost 
at  the  University  of  Virginia,  was  elected  to  the 
Institute  of  Medicine  of  the  National  Academies. 

Elizabeth  Lunbeck  75  is  a  co-author  of  Science 
Without  Laws:  Model  Systems,  Cases,  and  Exemplary 
Narratives,  published  by  Duke  University  Press.  The 
book  illuminates  processes  through  which  particulat 
organisms,  matetials,  or  narratives  become  building 
blocks  for  experts  working  across  scientific  disciplines, 
and  how  they  shape  the  knowledge  produced  within 
those  disciplines.  She  is  a  professor  of  American  his- 
tory and  psychiatry  at  Vanderbilt  University. 

Larry  G.  McMichael  75,  J.D.  78  was  recognized 
as  a  leader  in  bankruptcy  and  restructuring  law  in  the 
2007  edition  of  Chambers  USA:  American's  Leading 
Lawyers  for  Business.  He  is  a  senior  partner  and  mem- 
ber of  the  executive  committee  at  Dilworth  Paxson 
in  Philadelphia. 

Michael  K.  Kuhn  76  was  named  a  Texas  Super 
Lawyer  and  one  of  The  Best  Lawyers  in  America  2008. 
He  is  a  partner  in  the  business  transactions  section  of 
Jackson  Walker  in  Houston  and  specializes  in  com- 
mercial real  estate,  commercial  lending,  and  corpo- 
rate finance. 

John  C.  Yates  78,  J.D.  '81  is  one  of  four  lawyers 
leading  the  effort  to  establish  a  video  game  and  digi- 
tal entertainment  practice  group  at  Morris,  Manning 
&  Martin  in  Atlanta.  He  was  honored  in  September 
by  the  Southeastern  chapter  of  the  American 
Electronics  Association  at  its  fifth  annual  "Spirit  of 
Endeavot"  awards  banquet,  where  he  was  also  a  final- 
ist fot  the  technology  leadership  category.  He  was  a 
featured  speaker  at  the  13  th  annual  American 
Conference  Institute's  Practical  &  Tactical  Art  of  the 
Deal  in  Software  Licensing  Agreements  Conference 
in  San  Francisco  this  past  October. 


1980s 


Douglas  Jacoby  '80  debated  the  existence  of  God 
with  Michael  Shermer,  president  of  the  Skeptics  So- 
ciety and  Scientific  American  columnist,  at  the  Inter- 
national Apologetics  Conference  held  in  June.  After 
20  years  in  Christian  ministry,  he  is  now  in  his  fifth 
year  as  an  independent  speaker  and  author  of  15  books. 


Jean  Beasley  '58, 
sea  turtle  hero 

ean  Beasley  remembers 
clearly  the  night  she  fell  in 
love.  The  moon  shone  over 
the  Atlantic,  and  the  hyp- 
notic rhythm  of  the  waves  created 
a  sense  of  reassuring  calm.  From 
the  back  deck  of  theirTopsail  Island, 
North  Carolina,  vacation  cottage, 
Beasley '58  and  her  daughter, 
Karen,  watched  with  awe  as  a  sea 
turtle  slowly  made  her  way  out  of 
the  ocean  and  onto  the  beach, 
where  she  carefully  dug  a  nest  in 
the  sand  and  laid  her  eggs. 

"She  came  right  up  to  where 
Karen  and  I  were  sitting,"  recalls 
Beasley.  "She  was  willing  to  accept 
the  dangers  of  coming  out  of  her 
habitat  and  determined  to  make 
the  best  effort  she  could  for  her 
eggs."  As  mother  and  daughter 
watched  the  turtle  drag  herself 
back  toward  the  ocean,  they  feared 
that  the  exhausted  reptile  wouldn't 
be  able  to  get  past  the  rough 
surf  without  help.  "But  she  just 
plowed  right  back  through  the 
water  like  it  was  nothing.  And  we 
both  fell  in  love." 

At  the  time,  neither  Beasley 
could  know  that  what  they'd  wit- 
nessed would  come  to  have  a  pro- 
found impact  on  their  lives — and 


on  those  of  untold  numbers  of  sea 
turtles.  Inspired  by  nature's  display 
of  fragile  tenacity,  they  sought 
more  information  about  the  grace- 
ful swimmers  that  have  lived  on 
the  planet  for  tens  of  millions  of 
years.  Before  long,  mother  and 
daughter  became  ardent  activists 
and  well  known,  through  word  of 
mouth,  as  unofficial  experts.  Karen 
dubbed  their  efforts  the  Topsail 
Turtle  Project. 

Just  a  few  years  out  of  college, 
Karen  was  diagnosed  with 
leukemia.  She  devoted  the  last 
years  of  her  life  to  protecting  sea 
turtle  nests  along  Topsail's  coast- 
line. And  she  asked  her  mother  to 
use  her  life-insurance  payout  to 
establish  a  facility  for  sea  turtles. 

The  Karen  Beasley  Sea  Turtle 
Rescue  and  Rehabilitation  Center 
opened  its  doors  in  1997  and  in  the 
last  decade  has  treated  more  than 
200  turtles  for  injuries  including 
fractured  flippers,  hook  and  net 
entanglements,  and  viral  and  fun- 
gal illnesses.  Hundreds  of  volun- 
teers, ranging  from  school  children 
to  retirees,  lend  a  hand.  Every  day, 
from  May  through  August — turtle 
nesting  season — volunteers  sur- 
vey Topsail's  twenty-six  miles  of 
coastline  to  identify  sea  turtle 
tracks  and  nests. 

Beasley's  efforts  have  earned 


her  international  recognition.  Last 
year,  she  was  elected  to  the  board 
of  directors  of  the  International  Sea 
Turtle  Society,  a  global  organiza- 
tion dedicated  to  advancing 
knowledge  of  sea  turtle  biology 
and  conservation.  And  she  was 
selected  from  thousands  of  nomi- 
nations to  be  Animal  Planet's  2007 
Hero  of  the  Year  for  her  work.  The 
honor  comes  with  a  trip  to  Hawaii 
and  a  $1 0,000  donation  to  a  chari- 
ty of  her  choice.  Not  surprisingly, 
Beasley,  a  former  teacher,  ear- 
marked the  money  to  expand  the 
center,  and  to  augment  the  center's 
mission  to  educate  the  public 
about  the  plight  of  the  sea  turtle 
and  its  fight  for  survival. 

Teaching  people  about  the 
plight  of  sea  turtles  is  an  impera- 
tive, Beasley  says.  "These  are 
ancient  creatures  that  predate 
dinosaurs.  They  have  survived  all 
the  cataclysmic  events  that  have 
shaped  and  reshaped  our  planet, 
but  they  are  not  surviving  what  we 
as  humans  are  doing  to  them. 

"So  when  a  child  comes  to  visit, 
and  I  see  her  eyes  light  up,  and  her 
mouth  goes'0oooh!'and5/?e  falls 
in  love  with  sea  turtles,  I  think, 
That  child  could  be  the  one  that 
helps  save  them." 

— Bridget  Booher 


March- April  2008 


Roy  Neil  Graves  A.M.  '61 , 
discovering  Shakespeare's 
secret  sonnets 

f  anyone  knows  what  it's  like 
to  match  wits  with  William 
Shakespeare,  it's  Roy  Neil 
Graves.  An  English  professor 
at  the  University  of  Tennessee  at 
Martin,  Graves  holds  a  master's  in 
English  from  Ouke  and  a  Ph.D.  in 
American  literature  from  the  Uni- 
versity of  Mississippi,  and  is  an  avid 
poet  and  writer. 

His  poetry  has  appeared  in  a 
variety  of  publications,  including 
Out  of  Tennessee:  a  Book  of  Poems, 
Always  at  Home  Here:  Poems  and 
Insights  from  Six  Tennessee  Poets, 
and  the  Tennessee  Philological  Bul- 
letin. "My  claim  to  fame  is  that  I'm 
next  to  Alex  Haley  [author  of  floors] 
in  an  anthology  of  Tennessee  writ- 
ers," Graves  jokingly  remarks. 

On  top  of  all  this,  he's  spent 
countless  spare  hours  over  nearly 
three  decades  seeking  to  prove 
that  one  of  the  world's  greatest 
playwrights  was  also  a  master  of 
concealment,  hiding  messages  in 
the  midst  of  some  of  his  most  pop- 
ular and  studied  works. 

Graves'quest  began  in  1979, 
during  a  seminar  on  medieval  and 
Renaissance  manuscripts  at  the 
University  of  Mississippi.  "I  found 
what  I  thought  was  another  poem 
embedded  within  the  text  of  a  poem 
called 'The  Pearl,'" says  Graves.  In- 
trigued, he  began  combing  Shakes- 
peare's sonnets  for  other  concealed 
messages. 


What  he  discovered  was  unfore- 
seeably  vast  and  potentially  revo- 
lutionary, he  says.  "It  became  evi- 
dent to  me  that  the  whole  cycle  of 
sonnets  is  an  elaborate  numerolog- 
ical  game."  He  says  he  believes  he's 
discovered  a  complete  set  of  154 
hidden  sonnets  encoded  within  the 
1 54  known  sonnets.  Labeling  these 
sonnets  "the  runes"  to  denote  their 
secretive  quality,  Graves  has  since 
devoted  himself  to  piecing  them 
together,  paraphrasing  them,  and 
divining  their  meaning. 

Essentially,  the  runes  are  pro- 
duced by  dividing  the  original  son- 
nets into  eleven  consecutive 
groups  of  fourteen  poems  each, 
then  matching  up  individual  lines 
in  each  sonnet  with  the  correspon- 
ding line  in  the  next  within  these 
groups  (first  line  to  first  line,  sec- 
ond to  second,  and  so  forth)  creat- 
ing new  fourteen-line  poems. 
The  results  are  often  highly  com- 
pelling, revealing  coherent  sonnets 
that,  as  Graves  puts  it,  seem  to  be 
"far  more  than  just  cloud  shapes 
I've  conjured  up." 

Graves  suggests  a  number  of 
explanations  for  why  Shakespeare 
might  have  hidden  the  runes  in  this 
way.  The  coded  sonnets  could  have 
been  intended  for  a  private  audi- 
ence, privy  to  the  secret,  or  they 
could  have  been  used  to  convey 
certain  messages  at  a  time  when 
free  speech  was  restricted.  To  Graves, 
however,  the  most  plausible  expla- 
nation is  the  one  his  skeptics  most 
vehemently  reject:  Shakespeare 
simply  liked  playing  games. 


"Shakespeare  would  have  been 
much  closer  to  the  tradition  of  lit- 
erature as  private  game  play" that 
was  common  in  the  Elizabethan 
era,  says  Graves.  "Among  Shakes- 
peare scholars,  there's  a  resistance 
to  this  idea.  They  don't  want  to  see 
Shakespeare  as  a  player  of  games, 
as  if  this  somehow  undercuts  the 
quality  of  his  poetry." 

After  a  flurry  of  recognition 
in  the  mid-1980s,  including  a 
front-page  article  in  the  Boston 
Globe  and  a  paper  published  in 
the  Shakespeare  journal  Upstart 
Crow,  awareness  of  Graves'  pro- 
ject has  waned,  and  serious 
acknowledgment  from  academe 
remains  elusive. 

Despite  numerous  disappoint- 
ments, Graves  has  achieved  a  cer- 
tain measure  of  peace  concerning 
his  project.  He  remains  grateful  for 
the  simple  pleasure  of  delving  into 
Shakespeare's  writings,  calling  his 
work  with  the  sonnets  "a  delightful 
game  to  play."  In  2004,  he  com- 
pleted a  four-year  effort  to  transfer 
all  1 54  runes,  along  with  exhaus- 
tive commentary  and  analysis,  onto 
a  website  hosted  by  the  University 
of  Tennessee.  For  now,  Graves  says 
he  is  satisfied  with  bringing  his 
runes  online  (www.utm.edu/staff/ 
ngraves/shakespeare/index.htm) 
and  hopes  they  eventually  find  a 
receptive  audience. 

"I  can  understand  why  no  one 
outside  this  project  would  touch 
it  with  a  ten-foot  pole,"  Graves 
states  wryly.  "It's  easy  to  get 
lumped  in  with  the  lunatics  that 
Shakespeare  pulls  out  of  the  wood- 
work. But  the  texts  are  real.  If 
they  make  sense,  I  didn't  produce 
them.  I'm  not  that  smart." 


Paul  Pasteris  '80,  senior  vice  president  for  New 
York  Life  Insurance  Co.,  has  added  special  markets 
businesses  to  his  portfolio.  His  additional  responsibil- 
ities include  AARP-related  businesses,  long-term 
care  insurance  operations,  and  group  membership. 

Bruce  J.  Ruzinsky  '80,  J.D.  '83  was  named  one 
of  The  Best  Lawyers  in  America  2008  and  a  Texas 
Super  Lawyer.  He  works  for  the  Houston  branch  of 
Jackson  Walker,  where  he  specializes  in  bankruptcy 
and  creditor-debtor  rights  law.  He  also  chairs  the 
diversity  committee  and  heads  the  bankruptcy  section. 

Terri  Lynn  Mascherin  '81  was  honored  by  The 
National  Law  Journal  as  one  of  the  50  most  influential 
women  lawyers  in  America.  She  i^  ;i  partner  at 
Jenner  &  Block  in  Chicago,  where  she  is  a  member 
of  the  firm's  litigation  department  and  the  manage- 


Kindle  '07  is  a  freelance  writer 
based  in  Philadelphia. 


James  M.  Snyder  Jr.  '81  was  inducted  into  the 
American  Academy  of  Arts  and  Sciences.  He  is  the 
Arthur  and  Ruth  Sloan  Professor  of  political  science 
and  professor  of  economics  at  the  Massachusetts 
Institute  of  Technology. 

Laura  Puccia  Valtorta  A.M.  '81  has  joined 
the  National  Arbitration  Forum's  panel  of  independ- 
ent and  neutral  mediators,  who  provide  alternative 
dispute-resolution  services.  She  practices  law  in 
South  Carolina  and  is  working  on  a  book  about 
Social  Security. 

Marco  W.  Werman  '83  won  a  2007  Emmy  award 
for  his  story  "Libya:  Out  of  the  Shadow"  for  PBS 
online 's  FrontlirielWorld  Rough  Cut.  He  was  the  first 
American  broadcast  journalist  to  go  to  Libya  after  the 
country  renounced  its  weapons  of  mass  destruction. 

N.  Keith  "Chip"  Emge  Jr.  '85  has  been  named 

the  managing  partner  ot  i  Airlock,  Copeland,  Semler 
&  Stair  in  Charleston,  S.C.  He  specializes  in  con- 
struction and  commercial  litigation. 

Joanne  Passaro  '86,  Ph.D.  '95  has  been  appoint- 
ed provost  and  vice  president  for  academic  affairs  at 
Carroll  College  in  Waukesha,  Wis.  She  was  previously 
interim  vice  president  for  academic  affairs  and  dean 
of  faculty  at  Point  Park  University  in  Pittsburgh. 

Lisa  Dator  Hough  '87  is  regional  director  for  gov- 
ernment and  public  affairs  with  BP  America  in 
Denver.  She  has  state  government  responsibilities  for 
the  Rocky  Mountain  region. 

William  J.  Brian  Jr.  J.D.  '89  has  been  named 
chair  of  the  land-use  and  zoning  practice  at  Kennedy 
Covington.  In  addition,  he  recently  was  named  chair 
of  the  North  Carolina  Bar  Association's  zoning, 
planning,  and  land-use  section. 

Carrie  C.  Chorba  '89  is  the  author  of  Mexico, 
From  Mestizo  to  Multicultural:  National  Identity  and 
Recent  Representations  of  the  Conquest,  published  by 
Vanderbilt  University  Press.  The  book  is  the  first  to 
focus  on  and  contextualize  Mexican  representations 
of  the  16th-century  conquest  politically,  socially, 
and  culturally. 

Rodrigo  Dorfman  '89  directed  and  produced  Los 
Suenos  de  Angelica  i  Angelica's  Dreams),  the  first  Latino 
feature-length  independent  film  made  in  North 
Carolina.  The  video  is  part  of  the  Latino  Community 
Ctedit  Union  homebuyer  education  program. 

Benjamin  I.  Fink  '89  has  been  named  a  Georgia 
Super  Lawyer  by  Law  and  Politics  Media  and  Atlanta 
Magazine.  He  is  a  shareholder  in  Berman  Fink  Van 
Horn  in  Atlanta. 

J.  Michael  McNamara  Jr.  '89  has  joined  RBS 
Global  Banking  and  Markets  as  regional  managing 


62         DUKE  MAGAZINE 


director  and  head  of  real-estate  finance  in  London. 
He  lives  in  London  with  his  wife,  Sara,  and  their 
four  children. 

Charlene  Reiss  '89  recently  received  a  research 
grant  from  the  U.S.  Department  of  Housing  and 
Urban  Development  to  complete  her  Ph.D.  in  public 
administration  at  NC  State  University. 

MARRIAGES  Lisa  Dator  '87  to  J.  Campbell 

Hough  on  July  7,  2007.  Residence:  Superior,  Colo. 

BIRTHS:  Third  child  to  Nicholas  L.  Lampros 

'84  and  Linda  Lampros  on  Oct.  16,  2007.  Named  Leo 
Nicholas  Lampros  II. ..Third  child  and  son  to  Susan 
Rogers  Davis  '88  and  Hill  Davis  on  May  2,  2007. 
Named  Stuart  Marion... Second  child  and  daughter 
to  Charlene  Reiss  '89  and  Mark  Hazelrigg  on 
April  26,  2007.  Named  Lela  Rose. 


1990s 


Brian  A.  Porras  B.S.E.  '90  is  the  director  of  prod- 
uct marketing,  interventional  radiology,  at  Siemens 
Medical  Solutions.  He  lives  in  Chester  Springs,  Pa., 
with  his  wife,  Elizabeth,  and  daughter,  Liza. 

David  Arroyo  '91  was  promoted  to  vice  president 
for  legal  affairs  at  Scripps  Networks  in  Knoxville,  Tenn. 

Andrew  M.  Flescher  '91  is  the  co-author  of  The 

Altruistic  Species:  Scientific,  Philosophical,  and  Religious 
Perspectives  of  Human  Behavior,  published  by  Temple- 
ton  Foundation  Press. 

John  W.  Katzenmeyer  '91  joined  UBS  Invest- 
ment Bank  as  executive  directot  for  the  financial 
institutions  group.  Based  in  New  York,  he  will  focus 
on  financial  markets  and  technology  companies. 

Eric  Kirsten  '91  is  co-founder  of  Fanzter  Inc.,  based 
in  Collinsville,  Conn.  The  software  company's  first 
product,  coolspotters.com,  will  launch  in  2008.  He 
and  his  wife,  Tracey  Cody  Kirsten  '91,  live  in 
Burlington,  Conn.,  with  theit  two  sons. 

Laura  Deddish  Burton  '92  was  named  one  of  the 
Best  Lau^ers  in  America  2008.  She  works  for  Smith 
Moore  and  specializes  in  immigration  law. 

Janna  Jackson  '92,  M.A.T  '93  has  published  her 
first  book,  L'nmosking  Identities:  An  Exploration  of  the 
Lives  of  Gay  and  Lesbian  Teachers. 

Lisa  Klink  Maskiell  '92  appeared  as  a  contestant 
on  Jeopardy.1  on  Nov.  26,  2007.  She  won  five  games 
and  qualified  for  the  Tournament  of  Champions. 

Shannon  Sauro  '95  received  a  Ph.D.  in  educa- 
tional linguistics  from  the  University  of  Pennsylvania 
Graduate  School  of  Education. 

Michele  Traeger  '95  was  appointed  general  coun- 
sel of  Equinox  Fitness,  which  operates  high-end  fit- 
ness and  spa  locations  throughout  the  U.S. 

Thomas  F.  Landers  Jr.  '96  was  named  partner  in 
the  law  firm  Solomon  Ward  Seidenwurm  &  Smith  in 
San  Diego.  He  specializes  in  business  litigation  and 
has  been  with  the  firm  since  2003. 

Jordan  C.  Murray  '96  was  named  counsel  to  the 
law  firm  Debevoise  &  Plimpton  in  New  York.  He  is  a 
member  ot  the  firm's  corporate  department. 

Ananya  "Nina"  Sarkar  '97  is  a  senior  manager  in 
the  field  of  supply  chain  at  Sysco  Corp.  in  Houston, 
where  she  lives  with  het  husband,  Indy  Chakrabarti. 

Kendra  Walker  Sirolly  '97  and  her  husband, 
David  C.  Sirolly  '97,  live  in  York,  Pa.,  where  she  is 
a  pediatrician  and  he  is  a  lawyer.  The  couple  had 


twins,  Caroline  and  Brett,  in  September.  They  also 
have  a  son,  Christopher. 

Natalie  Garibian  Peters  '98  is  an  author  and 
screenwriter  commissioned  by  film  producer  Howard 
Minsky  to  write  his  biography,  The  Loi'e  of  My  Life: 
The  Memoirs  of  Howard  G.  Minsky.  She  lives  in  Palm 
Beach  Gardens,  Fla. 

John  Emil  Vincent  Ph.D.  '98  is  the  author  of  John 
Ashbery  and  You:  His  Later  Books,  a  critical  examina- 
tion of  Ashbery's  recent  poetry.  He  teaches  English 
and  American  studies  at  Wesleyan  University  in 
Middletown,  Conn. 

Christopher  W.  Winland  '98  is  legislative  direc- 
tor for  Texas  State  Representative  Mark  Strama  in 
Austin,  Texas. 


Dara  Zelnick  Kesselheim  '99,  a  lawyer  with 
Choate,  Hall  &  Stewart,  was  named  one  of  15  new 
members  of  the  Boston  Bar  Association's  Public 
Intetest  Leadership  Program. 

Chris  D.  KrimitSOS  '99,  a  corporate  associate  in 
the  law  firm  Farrell  Fritz  in  New  York,  worked  on  a 
pro  bono  case  to  acquire  funds  for  the  Queens,  N.Y.- 
based  organization  Veterans  of  Foreign  Wars  of  the 
United  States  Proctor-Hopson  Post  No.  1896.  He 
and  his  associates  were  recently  honored  by  the 
organization  for  theit  work. 

Susan  Offer  Szafir  M.B.A.  '99  co-authored 
with  her  parents  Dialysis  Without  Fear,  a  family 
guide  for  living  with  dialysis,  based  on  her  family's 
experiences. 


E  CUISINE. 

the  companionship. 


T' 


People  toast  our  Eggs 
Benedict.  And  tell  us 
our  homemade  desserts 
suggest  a  5-Star  restaurant. 
But  at  Croasdaile  Village, 
the  story  is  not  in  the 
appeal  of  our  rp eals.  The 
real  story  is  the  residents 
with  whom  you  share  the 
meals. 


For 


.  >Mrid  complimentary  lunch,  call  Carol  Roycroft  at 
(9 1 9)  3  JR475  or  email  CarolR@umrh.org 


You'll 


for 


the  tour  but  come  back  for  the  people. 


/0^_ 

IROASDAILE 
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A  ContinuiijtGare  Retirement  Community 


1600  Croasdaile  Farm  Pkwy  -  Durham,  NC  ;  , , 

(919)  384-2475  -  WWW.CROASDAILEVILLAGE.COM 


d  Methodist  Retirement  Homes.  Iix  . 

{Jf  '.  Services  LLC  4>> 


£?}%§" 


March- April  2008 


Lori  Fixley  Winland  '99  is  an  associate  at  Locke, 
Lord,  Bissell  &  Liddell  in  Austin,  Texas.  She  prac- 
tices administtative  and  regulatory  law. 


Developed  by  Maida  Vale,  LLC.  Dedicated  to  Changing  the  Way  You  Live. 


Fiduciary 

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NEW  YORK  •   WASHINGTON,   D.C.   •    MIAMI   •    LOS  ANGELES  •  SAN  MATEO 
WILMINGTON      •      LONDON      •      HONG  KONG      •       GRAND  CAYMAN 

Fiduciary  Trust  Company  International  is  a  member  of  the  Franklin  Templeton  Investments  family  of  companies. 

MARRIAGES:  Julia  C.  Jackson  B.S.E.  '92  to 
Nadtm  Nakhleh  on  April  1,  2006.  Residence: 
Collegeville,  Pa...  Holly  Elizabeth  Morris  BSE. 
'93  to  Thomas  Kleberg  Espy  '94  on  July  1,  2007. 
Residence:  Rockville,  Mid.... Shannon  Sauro  '95 
to  Francis  M.  Hult  on  May  14,  2007.  Residence:  San 
Antonio... Aaron  A.  Duke  '98  to  Michelle  Lynn 
Schneider  on  Aug.  25,  2007.  Residence:  Los 
Angeles... John  P.  Carter  '99  to  Alison  Holden 
Pulaski  on  Sept.  1,  2007.  Residence:  Phoenix. 

BIRTHS:  Second  child  and  first  son  to  Carolyn 
Barker  Clifton  '90  and  F.  Bradford  Clifton  on 
Aug.  7,  2007.  Named  Thomas  Watson... Fourth  child 
and  second  daughter  to  Kristi  Schweiker  Carey 
'91,  M.B.A.  '95  and  Thomas  F.  Carey  J.D.  '95  on 
May  6,  2007.  Named  Samantha  Marie... Second 
child  and  daughter  to  Daniel  C.  Lange  '91  and 
Patricia  Towne  Lange  on  March  23,  2007.  Named 
Helena  Anne... First  child  and  daughter  to  Julia 
Jackson  Nakhleh  B.S.E.  '92  andNadim  Nakhleh 
on  Jan.  22,  2007.  Named  Alea  Carolyn... Second 
child  and  son  to  Leonard  Holden  Reaves  '92 
and  Mary  J.  Reaves  on  Aug.  30,  2007.  Named  John 
Talton... Second  child  and  first  daughter  to  Julie 
Hedenkamp  Cochran  B.S.E.  '93  and  John 
Cochran  on  Sept.  10,  2007.  Named  Kaitlin  Jayne... 
Second  child  and  first  son  to  Todd  T.  Bashore  '94 
and  Ashley  Clymer  Bashore  '94  on  June  19, 
2007.  Named  William  Todd. .  .First  child  and 
daughter  to  James  Collins  '94  and  Alison  Collins 
on  June  8,  2007.  Named  Mary  Frances... Third 
child  and  first  son  to  Cheska  Demars  Levy  '94 
and  David  Seasongood  Levy  '94  on  Aug.  24, 
2007.  Named  Michael  John. .  .First  child  and  son 
to  C.  Harrison  Springfield  '94  and  Christi 
Springfield  on  Aug.  12,  2007.  Named  Adam 
Harrison. . .Fourth  child  and  second  daughter 

to  Thomas  F.  Carey  J.D.  '95  and  Kristi 

Schweiker  Carey  '91,  M.B.A.  '95  on  May  6, 
2007.  Named  Samantha  Marie. .  .First  child  and 
daughter  to  Maureen  Elizabeth  Haggstrom 

'95  and  Daniel  Haggstrom  on  June  21,  2007.  Named 
Evelyn  Karen... Third  child  and  first  daughter  to 
Sarah  Kate  Stephenson  '95  and  James 
Robert  Funk  B.S.E.  '95  on  July  6,  2007.  Named 
Caroline  Sarah  Funk. .  .Second  child  and  first  daughter 

to  Bart  Gallagher  Busby  '96  and  Kimberly 
Busby  on  Aug.  9,  2007.  Named  Claire  Elizabeth... 
First  children  and  twins  to  Ryan  O'Shaughnessy 
'96  and  Emily  O'Shaughnessy  on  July  25,  2007. 
Named  Molly  Caroline  and  Allison  Paige... First 
child  and  daughrer  to  Dina  Greenberg  Glasofer 
'97  and  Sidney  Glasofer  B.S.E.  '97  on  May  16, 
2007.  Named  Alexis  Molly. .  .Second  son  and  first 
daughter  to  Kendra  Walker  Sirolly  '97  and 
David  C.  Sirolly  '97  on  Sept.  2,  2007.  Named 
Caroline  Joy  and  Brett  William. .  .First  child  and  son 
to  Jamieson  A.  Smith  '97,  J.D.  01  and  Komal 
Baraz  Smith  '98  on  Sept.  19,  2007.  Named  Jahan 
Kumar... First  child  and  daughter  to  Lauren 
McLoughlin  Gallagher  '98  and  Robert 
John  Gallagher  Jr.  '98,  J.D.  '04  on  Aug.  31,  2007. 
Named  Margaret  Grace. .  .First  child  and  son  to 
Komal  Baraz  Smith  '98  and  Jamieson  A. 
Smith  '97,  J.D.  '01  on  Sept.  19,  2007.  Named 
Jahan  Kumar... First  children  and  twins  to  Darlene 
Aquino  Sullivan  '98  and  Kevin  Sullivan  on 
July  18,  2007.  Named  Julian  Pierce  and  Miranda 
Noelle... First  child  and  son  to  Christopher  W. 
Winland  '98  and  Lori  Fixley  Winland  '99  on 
Aug.  22,  2007.  Named  Henry  William  Fixley 
Winland... First  child  and  daughter  to  Ann  Marie 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Fred  '99  and  John  P.  Fred  '00,  J.D.  '04  on 
Sept.  3,  2007.  Named  Juliana  Marie. .  .First  child 
and  daughter  to  Lindsay  Hume  Jordan  '99  and 

John  S.  Jordan  on  June  24,  2007.  Named  Kealy  Hume 


2000s 


i  San  Diego 


Jeffery  R.  Lam  '00  graduated  cum  laude  from  the 
University  of  Miami  School  of  Law.  He  is  an  associ- 
ate at  Butler  Pappas  Weihmuller  Katz  Craig  in  Miami, 
specializing  in  property  coverage. 
Mark  Boone  '01  is  a  financial 
with  Smith  Barney. 

Lisa  Breytspraak  M.B.A.  '04  heads  the  i 
management  team  in  the  Denver  office  of  Pariveda 
Solutions,  a  management  and  technology  consulting 
firm  based  in  Dallas. 

Phebe  Sill  Ko  '05  ran  the  Boston  Marathon  and 
qualified  for  the  women's  2008  Olympic  marathon 
trials.  She  is  one  of  150  athletes  who  will  compete  for 
a  spot  on  the  U.S.  Olympic  team  going  to  Beijing.  She 
is  a  student  at  the  Johns  Hopkins  School  of  Medicine. 

MARRIAGES:  Carla  Wray  Yarger  B.S.E.  '00  to 
Scott  Benigni  on  Sept.  8,  2007.  Residence:  Chicago... 
Jana  Gasn  '01  to  Kyle  Thomas  Beauchamp 
'02  on  July  7,  2007.  Residence:  New  York. .  .Jeffery 
Fen-Te  Kung  B.S.E.  '01  to  Karen  Jones  on  July  1, 

2006.  Residence:  Charlotte... Kyle  Thomas 
Beauchamp  02  to  Jana  Gasn  01  on  July  7, 

2007.  Residence:  New  York... Gregory  K. 
Fleizach  B.S.E.  '05  to  Marisa  Quintessenza  on 
Sept.  22,  2007.  Residence:  Lajolla,  Calif.... Sarah 
Eleanor  Rock  '06  to  James  William  O'Rourke  on 
June  16,  2007.  Residence:  Chapel  Hill. 

BIRTHS:  First  child  and  son  to  Elizabeth 
McClure  Chen  00  and  Dennis  Ray-Chuan 

Chen  B.S.E.  '02,  M.E.M.  '03  on  April  13,  2007. 
Named  Ethan  Matthew... First  child  and  daughter  to 
John  P.  Fred  00,  J.D.  04  and  Ann  Marie  Fred 
'99  on  Sept.  3,  2007.  Named  Juliana  Marie... First 
child  and  daughter  to  Elizabeth  Lucas  Fricklas 
'01  and  Ethan  J.  Fricklas  B.S.E.  '01  on  Feb.  13, 
2007.  Named  Elise  Caroline. .  .First  child  and  son  to 
Dennis  Ray-Chuan  Chen  B.S.E.  02,  MEM.  03 
and  Elizabeth  McClure  Chen  00  on  April  13, 
2007.  Named  Ethan  Matthew. . .First  child  and 
daughter  to  Laura  Edge  Kottkamp  M.B.A.  '03 
and  Nathan  Kottkamp  on  April  30,  2007.  Named 
Alice  Taliaferro  Lear... First  child  and  daughter  to 
Robert  John  Gallagher  Jr.  '98,  J.D.  04  and 
Lauren  McLoughlin  Gallagher  '98  on  Aug.  31, 
2007.  Named  Margaret  Grace. 


®ty^ 


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£i 


Deaths 


Virginia  Carpenter  Church  '28  of  Burlington, 
N.C.,  on  June  19,  2007.  She  was  a  primary-school 
teacher  and  a  member  of  Hopewell  United  Methodist 
Church  in  Boone,  N.C.  She  is  survived  by  two  sisters. 
Madge  Sexton  Long  '32  of  Durham,  on  May  20, 
2007.  She  was  a  retired  traffic  manager  and  a  member 
of  Johnson  City  Alliance  Church.  She  is  survived 
by  a  son. 

Roger  G.  Bates  A.M.  '36,  Ph.D.  '37  of  Gainesville, 
Ha.,  on  Aug.  20,  2007.  He  spent  two  years  at  Yale 
on  postdoctoral  work  betore  moving  to  Washington 
to  work  as  a  physical  chemist  for  the  National  Bureau 
of  Standards.  In  1969,  he  retired  from  the  govern- 
ment and  took  a  teaching  position  in  the  University 


Tattletale  Hotline 
May  Fight  Fraud 


DSS  Charges  Are 
Links  To  Future 

FJii~  J§P=^  Mitch  Is  Stin  Leading 

iSJSSv:  3"; :--:■:■:  Citv  Council  By  Nose 


John  Hammer  '76 
and  William  Hammer 
B.S.E. '87,  proudly 
biased  publishers 

A  thick-skinned,  half-blind, 
dimwitted  but  quick- 
tempered animal  serves 
as  their  symbol.  They 
thumb  their  nose  at  political  cor- 
rectness and  media  objectivity. 
They  run  their  business  with  the 
same  laissez-faire  attitude  they 
espouse  in  their  politics.  Yet  John 
and  William  Hammer  have  used 
such  unconventional  trappings  to 
create  successful  media  operations 
in  two  of  North  Carolina's  three 
largest  cities. 

The  Rhinoceros  Times,  the  free 
weekly  newspaper  the  Hammer 
brothers  run,  is  arguably  one  of  the 
most  popular  publications  in 
Greensboro.  Independent  market 
surveys  place  the  paper's  reader- 
ship on  a  par  with — if  not  better 
than — the  area's  daily  newspapers 
among  affluent  adults.  A  younger 
sister  paper  they  launched  in  Char- 
lotte isn't  as  widely  read  but  is 
steadily  building  its  circulation.  "We 
provide  local  coverage  the  daily 
newspapers  overlook," says  John. 
"People  find  our  style  of  reporting 
and  writing  refreshing." 

A  philosophy  major  who'  minored 
in  Frisbee"at  Duke,  John  (pictured 
above,  right)  worked  as  a  reporter 
on  and  off  for  several  years  and  put 


out  a  newsletter  for  a  Greensboro 
bar  known  as  The  Rhinoceros  Club. 
By  late  1991,  he  says,  he  had  be- 
come so  fed  up  the  lack  of  local 
political  coverage  by  Greensboro 
media  that  he  started  an  alternative 
newspaper  to  focus  on  local  govern- 
ment. He  adopted  the  rhino  name 
from  the  bar  because  he  thought  it 
would  draw  advertisers,  but  he 
says  the  bull-headed  nature  of  the 
beast  also  reflected  the  attitude  he 
wanted  in  the  paper.  "This  is  a  mis- 
sion," he  says. 

That  mission  includes  taking  a 
conservative  slant  on  almost  every 
story.  A  libertarian  who  once  staged 
a  write-in  candidacy  to  become 
mayor  of  Greensboro,  John  says 
having  reporters  state  their  politics 
upfront  is  a  more  honest  stance  than 
mainstream  media  take.  "We  don't 
pretend  we  don't  have  a  point  of 
view  and  hide  behind  a  statement 
that  we're  unbiased,"  he  says. 

William  Hammer,  who  joined 
the  paper  in  1993  as  publisher,  says 
readers  appreciate  that  honesty.  "It 
isn't  about  whether  they  agree  or 
disagree  with  our  viewpoint,"  he 
says.  "They  come  to  us  because 
they  know  we  present  common- 
sense  truth." 

While  they  preach  common- 
sense  in  their  reporting,  there's 
often  very  little  of  it  in  the  news- 
room. "To  say  we  do  things  by  the 
seat  of  our  pants  would  be  a  com- 
pliment," says  Scott  Yost  '82,  who 


has  covered  county  government  for 
The  Rhino  Times  for  five  years. 
"We're  like  Rolling  Stone  in  the  70s 
without  the  drugs."  A  cat  rules  the 
roost  in  Greensboro  most  days,  the 
paper  prints  its  answering  machine 
messages  verbatim  each  week,  and 
the  Hammers  once  posted  pictures 
of  county  commissioners  on 
AmlHot.com  to  rate  their  appear- 
ance. "We  do  everything  a  lot  dif- 
ferent than  most  papers,  but  it's  a 
business  model  that  would  benefit 
a  lot  of  places/'Yost  says. 

The  Greensboro  edition  routinely 
runs  about  132  pages,  and  despite 
the  local  focus,  the  main  problem 
from  week  to  week,  William  says,  is 
finding  enough  space  to  fit  the 
reams  of  copy  the  staff  produces. 

"We  want  to  explain  what's 
going  on,  so  we  give  a  lot  of  back- 
ground in  stories,"  John  adds,  not- 
ing one  reporter  wrote  a  forty- 
two-part  series  on  the  local  police 
department. 

Like  most  brothers,  the 
Hammers  say  they  don't  always  get 
along  but  insist  their  fraternal 
bonds  only  help  the  newspaper. 
"We  know  each  other  well  enough 
to  know  what  we  can  and  can't  do," 
John  says.  William  adds,  "Business 
partnerships  come  and  go,  but 
family  always  has  to  come  first." 

— Matthew  Burns 

Burns  is  a  freelance  writer  based  in 


March- April  2008 


of  Florida's  chemistry  department,  where  he  stayed 
until  his  retirement  in  1979.  He  is  survived  hy 
his  daughter,  May  Bates  Daw  '64;  a  sister;  and 

Samuel  Goldstein  '37  of  Miami,  on  Sept.  12, 
2007.  After  graduating  from  Duke,  he  served  as  an 
Air  Force  captain  in  World  War  II.  When  he  returned 
from  service,  he  earned  a  law  degree  from  the  Uni- 
versity of  Miami.  He  is  survived  hy  his  wife,  Miriam. 

Doris  Stine  Smead  '39  of  Hagerstown,  Md.,  on 
July  21,  2004.  At  Duke,  she  served  in  student  govern- 
ment. She  was  a  member  of  Zion  United  Church  of 
Christ  and  a  volunteer  at  the  Washington  County 
chapter  of  the  American  Red  Cross.  She  is  survived 
by  a  daughter,  a  son,  two  stepchildren,  two  grandchil- 
dren, and  six  step-grandchildren. 

Edward  von  Sothen  Jr.  B.S.M.E.  '39  of  Sarasota, 
Fla.,  on  Sept.  14,  2007.  He  served  as  a  commander 
in  the  Navy  Reserve  during  World  War  II  and  the 
Korean  War.  As  a  civil  engineer,  he  worked  on  many 
projects,  including  the  Polaris  submarine  missile  sys- 
tem. He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Dorothy;  a  son;  two 
grandchildren;  and  two  great-grandchildren. 

Dorothy  Bailey  Ahlers  '40  of  Chatham,  N.J.,  on 
March  6,  2006.  For  19  years,  she  ran  a  gift  shop  in 
Chatham.  She  was  actively  involved  in  the  Garden 
Club,  the  Women's  Club,  and  Chatham's  Chamber 
of  Commerce.  She  is  survived  by  two  sons,  a  sister, 
four  grandchildren,  and  two  great-grandchildren. 

Frances  Borland  Horack  '40  of  Charlotte,  on 
Sept.  8,  2007.  Active  in  the  Charlotte  community, 
she  served  as  president  of  the  Charlotte  Memorial 
Hospital  Auxiliary  and  the  Trinity  Presbyterian  Women 
of  the  Church.  She  is  survived  by  her  husband, 


Benjamin  S.  Horack  '39,  L.L.B.  '41;  three  sons; 

six  grandchildren;  and  nine  grear-grandchildren. 

Dorothy  King  Isaly  '40  of  Alamo,  Calif.,  on  Sept. 
7,  2007.  After  beginning  her  career  in  bookkeeping, 
she  advanced  to  auditor  with  the  Marion  County 
Bank  and  then  Bank  One.  Survivors  include  three 
daughters,  a  sister,  six  grandchildren,  and  six  great- 
grandchildren. 

Nora  "Noni"  Lunsford  Voss  '40  of  Rapid  City, 
S.D.,  on  May  7,  2007.  In  1968,  she  received  a  mas- 
ter's degree  in  teaching  from  Augustana  College.  She 
is  survived  by  a  son,  five  grandchildren,  and  seven 
great-grandchildren. 

Carol  McKinsey  Ward  '40  of  Detroit,  on  Jan.  15, 

2007.  She  earned  a  bachelor's  degree  in  1972  from  the 
University  of  Virginia.  She  is  survived  by  two  daugh- 
ters, two  granddaughters,  and  a  great-granddaughter. 

Carlton  "Cot"  Bost  '41  of  Charlotte,  on  Aug.  19, 
2007.  He  founded  and  served  as  president  of  Building 
Specialty  Distributors  Inc.  A  member  of  Myers  Park 
United  Methodist  Church  since  1952,  he  served  on 
the  administration  board  and  sang  in  the  chancel 
choir.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Mickie;  two  sons;  a 
daughter;  three  stepchildren;  and  five  grandchildren. 

Robert  D.  Edwards  '41  of  Mount  Gilead,  N.C., 

on  Sept.  7,  2007.  He  served  in  the  Pacific  as  a  lieu- 
tenant in  the  Navy  during  World  War  II.  He  is  sur- 
vived by  his  wife,  Mary;  a  daughter;  a  stepdaughter;  a 
sister;  a  nephew,  John  Paul  Edwards  Jr.  '74;  and 
three  grandchildren. 

J.  Claude  Evans  B.D.  '41  of  Asheville,  N.C.,  on 
Sept.  7,  2007.  He  served  several  churches  across 
South  Carolina  as  a  member  ot  the  state's  Methodist 


Conference  before  becoming  a  Navy  chaplain  in  the 
South  Pacific  during  World  War  II.  He  edited  the 
South  Carolina  Methodist  Advocate  from  1952  to  1957, 
when  he  moved  to  Dallas  and  served  as  chaplain  at 
Southern  Methodist  University.  In  1982,  he  moved 
to  Waynesville,  N.C.,  where  he  worked  as  a  family 
counselor  and  a  columnist  for  rhe  Waynesville  Moun- 
taineer, before  moving  to  Asheville  in  2003.  He  is 
survived  by  his  wife,  Maxilla;  a  daughter,  Sara  Evans 
'66,  A.M.  '68;  three  sons;  and  two  grandchildren. 

Shirley  Smith  Kelly  '41  of  Arlington,  Va.,  on 
Sept.  4,  2007.  During  World  War  II,  she  was  stationed 
with  the  Coast  Guard  in  Norfolk,  Va.,  and  earned 
the  rank  of  lieutenant.  She  and  her  husband  co- 
owned  two  Exxon  service  stations  for  more  than  30 
years.  Survivors  include  two  daughters;  two  cousins, 
Barbara  S.  "Bobbie"  Field  '45  and  Murray  F. 
Rose  B.S.M.E.  '42;  and  a  son-in-law,  Phil  N.  Post 
B.S.C.E.  '68. 

Florence  Rick  Idler  '42  of  Pittsburgh,  on  Sept.  14, 

2007.  After  graduating  Phi  Beta  Kappa,  she  served  as 
a  volunteet  for  the  Red  Cross  during  World  War  II. 
For  many  years,  she  was  a  guidance  counselor  with 
the  Uppet  St.  Clait  and  Peters  Township  school  dis- 
tricts. Survivors  include  a  brother. 

Tress  E.  Pittenger  Jr.  '42  of  Akron,  Ohio,  on 
Feb.  25,  2005.  After  serving  as  a  first  lieutenant  in 
the  Army  during  World  War  II,  he  received  a  law 
degree  from  Case  Western  Reserve  University.  He 
began  work  in  private  practice,  but  soon  joined  the 
legal  department  of  General  Tire  &  Rubber  Co.;  by 
his  retirement  in  1985,  he  had  become  vice  president 
and  chief  legal  counsel  for  GenCorp.  He  is  survived 
by  a  son,  two  daughters,  five  grandchildren,  and  three 
great-grandchildren. 


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DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Sarah  Crawford  Towe  Wood  '42  of  Roanoke 
Rapids,  N.C.,  on  Sept.  4,  2007.  She  served  for  40 
years  as  an  admissions  interviewer  for  prospective 
Duke  students  and,  in  2004,  received  the  Charles  A. 
Dukes  Award  for  outstanding  volunteer  service.  In 
Roanoke  Rapids,  she  was  a  teacher  for  28  years  and  a 
writer  for  the  Daily  Herald.  She  is  survived  by  a 
daughter;  a  brother;  a  sistet;  three  grandchildren;  a 
nephew,  Robert  L.  Williams  70,  M.Ed.  75;  an 
aunt,  Sara  C.  Elliott  M.Div.  '87;  and  two  cousins, 
Kenneth  M.  Towe  '56  and  Rolf  H.  Towe  '59. 

Henry  L.  "Fes"  Turlington  '43  of  Clinton,  N.C., 
on  July  22,  2007.  During  World  War  II,  he  served  in 
the  Army  Air  Forces.  After  the  war,  he  co-owned 
Turlington  Lumber  Co.  with  his  brother.  He  was 
also  the  founder  and  owner  of  Turlington  Sporting 
Goods,  a  real-estate  agent  in  Clinton,  and  a  Sampson 
County  industtial  developer.  In  May  2007,  he 
received  the  Founders  Award  for  his  contributions 
to  Sampson  County,  having  helped  establish  the 
county's  History  Museum,  Sports  Club,  and  Sports 
Hall  of  Fame.  He  also  served  as  chair  of  the  Sampson 
County  Democratic  Party  and  served  as  campaign 
chair  for  several  local,  state,  and  national  candidates. 
He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Ann,  and  three  sons, 

including  Edwin  Turlington  79  and  Kenneth 
Turlington  '84. 

Clement  S.  Vaughan  '43  of  Phoenix,  on  March 

10,  2007.  After  serving  in  the  Marines  in  World  War 

11,  he  attended  the  College  of  William  &  Mary, 
where  he  received  both  a  bachelot's  degree  and  law 
degree.  Soon  after,  he  was  recalled  to  active  military 
service  in  Korea  as  a  Marine  captain.  He  later  worked 
for  State  Farm  Insurance,  eventually  directing  the 
company's  operations  in  Arizona,  Nevada,  and  New 


Mexico.  He  is  survived  by  two  sons,  a  daughter,  and 
five  grandchildren. 

Elizabeth  "Ebie"  Lewis  Beddall  '44  of 

Winston-Salem,  on  Aug.  16,  2007.  After  Duke,  she 
worked  for  the  war  effort  in  Washington  before 
becoming  a  pilot  for  Pan  Am  in  the  Latin  American 
division.  She  is  survived  by  a  daughter,  two  sons,  a 
sister,  and  a  granddaughter. 

Shirley  Reynolds  Elliott  '44  of  Gallatin,  Tenn., 
on  Aug.  7,  2004.  She  worked  at  the  Veterans  Admin- 
istration Hospital  in  Nashville  for  31  years.  An  active 
member  of  the  Daughters  of  the  American  Revolu- 
tion, she  also  served  as  president  of  the  United 
Daughters  of  the  Confederacy  of  Sumner  County. 
She  is  survived  by  two  sons;  five  daughters,  including 

Katherine  Elliott  Gilson  B.H.S.  76;  15  grand- 
children; and  five  great-grandchildren. 

Calvin  R.  O'Kane  '44,  M.D.  '48  of  Sacramento, 

Calif.,  on  Aug.  2,  2007.  After  becoming  a  surgeon, 
he  served  in  the  medical  corps  in  Japan  during  the 
Korean  War.  He  moved  to  California  in  1956  and 
joined  the  staff  at  the  Sacramento  Army  Depot,  a 
communications  and  munitions  base,  before  entering 
private  practice  two  years  later.  He  was  appointed 
to  several  positions  at  Mercy  General  Hospital  and 
was  a  member  of  the  executive  committee  of  its 
governing  board.  He  then  joined  Sutter  Memorial 
Hospital,  where  he  was  chief  of  staff.  In  1990,  he 
patticipated  in  two  firsts  for  Sacramento;  the  first 
successful  heart  transplant  and  the  first  use  of  a  pig's 
valve  for  a  human  heart  valve  replacement.  He 
retired  in  1997.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Judy;  a 
son;  two  daughters;  a  stepson;  five  grandchildren; 
and  two  great-grandchildren. 


Karl  P.  Shuart  Jr.  '44  of  Flower  Mound,  Texas,  on 
April  4,  2005.  He  owned  and  operated  an  advertising 
business.  He  is  survived  by  three  sons,  a  daughter,  two 
stepsons,  a  brother,  six  grandchildren,  two  step- 
grandchildren,  and  four  great-grandchildren. 

Frances  Styron  Adams  B.S.N.  '45  of  Phoenix, 
on  July  25,  2007.  She  is  survived  by  four  children, 
four  grandchildren,  and  a  brother. 

Warren  H.  Onken  '45  of  Mount  Sterling,  Ky.,  on 
Sept.  17,  2007.  He  served  on  the  board  of  directors 

for  many  organi:.Hu>n\  incliklin^  the  Roy  Scouts 
of  America,  Habitat  for  Humanity  in  New  York, 
and  Mary  Chiles  Hospital,  now  St.  Joseph  Mount 
Sterling.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Marjorie;  a  son; 
and  a  daughter. 

Richard  C.  Van  Etten  '45  of  Dallas,  Pa.,  on  Aug. 
30,  2007.  He  left  Duke  early  to  serve  with  the  Army's 
counterintelligence  corps  during  World  War  II. 
He  finished  his  degree  in  business  at  Harper  College 
(now  the  State  University  of  New  York  at  Bingham- 
ton)  and  began  his  sales  career  at  the  Crowley  Milk 
Co.  Later,  he  worked  for  National  Cash  Register 
Corp.,  where  he  stayed  until  his  retitement.  He  is  sur- 
vived by  his  wife,  June  Foster  Van  Etten  '45; 
three  sons;  two  daughters;  a  sister;  18  grandchildren; 
and  17  great-grandchildren. 

John  S.  Williamson  '45  of  Hamlet,  N.C.,  on  Feb. 
12,  2007.  He  also  attended  Wake  Forest  University 
and  UNC-CH.  He  served  in  the  military  V-12  pro- 
gram. He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Betty;  four  children; 
a  brother;  and  10  grandchildren. 

Thomas  Ray  Broadbent  M.D.  '46  of  Salt  Lake 
City,  on  Aug.  12,  2007.  He  earned  his  undergraduate 
degree  from  Brigham  Young  University.  He  became 


Supporting  the  Duke  Student- Athlete  Since  1970 


Duke  University  takes  great  pride  in  knowing  that  our  student-athletes  embody  the  true 
spirit  of  what  college  athletics  is  all  about.  Whether  it  is  on  the  field,  in  the  classroom, 
or  in  the  community,  the  men  and  women  who  wear  the  Duke  jersey  are  without  a  doubt 
what  makes  Duke  Athletics  so  special.  For  more  information  on  how  you  can  support 
Duke's  student-athletes,  please  call  (919)  613-7575  or  log  on  to  IronDukes.net. 


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one  of  the  first  surgeons  trained  at  Duke  in  the 
emerging  field  of  plastic  and  reconstructive  surgery. 
After  building  a  successful  practice  in  Salt  Lake  City, 
he  became  the  secretary  general  and  then  president 
of  the  American  Society  of  Plastic  and  Reconstructive 
Surgery.  He  also  served  on  the  executive  committee 
of  the  International  Congress  of  Plastic  Surgery  for 
10  years.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Edith;  a  son; 
three  daughters;  two  sisters;  and  12  grandchildren. 

Sarah  "Lucy"  Proctor  Aycock  B.S.N.  '47  of 

Tallahassee,  Fla.,  on  Aug.  23,  2007.  She  worked  in 
newborn  nurseries  in  various  hospitals  in  North 
Carolina,  Louisiana,  Texas,  Iowa,  and  Florida.  She  is 
survived  by  three  daughters,  a  brother,  four  grand- 
children, and  seven  great-grandchildren. 

John  Pinkston  Bennett  Jr.  '47  of  Lufkin, 
Texas,  on  July  10,  2007.  He  entered  the  Navy  in 
1943,  earning  the  rank  of  lieutenant  junior  grade. 
He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Fran;  six  children;  a  sister, 
nine  grandchildren;  and  two  great-granddaughters. 

Paul  M.  Carruthers  '47  of  Greenville,  S.C.,  on 
July  31,  2007.  He  received  a  master's  degree  from 
the  University  of  Illinois  at  Urbana-Champaign 
in  1948  and  a  J.D.  from  UNC-CH  in  1954.  He 
was  a  captain  in  the  Army  Air  Corps  during  World 
War  11.  He  served  as  executive  legal  counsel  for 
several  companies,  including  R.J.  Reynolds  Tobacco 
Co.  He  is  survived  by  a  son,  a  daughter,  and  a  grand- 

George  E.  Failing  A.M.  '47  of  Easley,  N.C.,  on 
Feb.  26,  2007.  He  was  a  pastor  at  five  churches,  a  col- 
lege professor,  the  general  editor  of  Trie  Wesleyan 
Methodist  and  The  Wesleyan  Advocate,  and  president 
of  the  Evangelical  Press  Association.  He  had  been 
listed  in  Who's  Who  in  America  since  1985.  He  is  sur- 
vived by  a  son,  two  daughters,  eight  grandchildren, 
and  six  great-grandchildren. 

Leon  C.  Griffeth  '47  of  Durham,  on  Aug.  3,  2007. 
At  Duke,  he  was  a  member  of  Delta  Tau  Delta  frater- 
nity and  lettered  in  baseball.  He  is  survived  by  his 
wife,  Catherine. 

Charles  M.  "Bud"  Cormack  Jr.  '48  of  Columbia, 
Md.,  on  June  9,  2005.  At  Duke,  he  was  a  member  of 
Phi  Kappa  Sigma  fraternity  and  the  chapel  choir.  He 
is  survived  by  his  wife,  Josephine;  a  son;  two  daugh- 
ters; two  stepdaughters;  a  brother;  three  grandchil- 
dren; and  two  great-grandchildren. 

Frank  E.  Sutherland  '48  of  Huntsville,  Ala.,  on 
Aug.  5,  2007.  A  lieutenant  colonel  in  the  Army,  he 
served  as  a  paratrooper  with  the  101st  Airborne  dur- 
ing both  World  War  II  and  the  Korean  War.  He 
worked  at  Teledyne  Brown  Engineering  Inc.  for  25 
years  as  a  security  manager.  He  is  survived  by  two 
sons,  a  grandson,  a  granddaughter,  and  a  sister. 

Richard  D.  Davis  '49  of  Ocoee,  Fla.,  on  Sept.  4, 
2007.  Before  attending  Duke,  he  served  in  the  Air 
Force,  flying  the  Hump  in  the  China-Burma-India 
theater  of  World  War  II.  In  1975,  he  moved  to 
Florida  and  took  a  position  as  Orange  County 
auditor.  He  worked  for  GE  Outdoor  Lighting  Systems 
in  North  Carolina  and  Florida  for  20  years  until 
retiring.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Cleone;  five 
daughters;  five  grandsons;  five  granddaughters;  and 
two  great-grandchildren. 

Harold  W.  Schnaper  M.D.  '49  of  Birmingham, 
Ala.,  on  June  25,  2007.  Before  coming  to  Duke,  he 
earned  a  bachelor's  degree  from  Harvard.  He  is  sur- 
vived by  a  son,  three  daughters,  10  grandchildren, 
and  one  great-grandchild. 

Clarence  Michael  Kennerly  B.S.E.E.  '50  of 
Fishers,  Ind.,  on  May  22,  2007.  He  served  in  the 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Coast  Guard  during  World  War  II  and  later  worked 
as  an  electrical  engineer  for  Virginia  Electric  & 
Power  Co.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Juanira;  a  son, 
Michael  D.  Kennerly  70;  two  granddaughters; 
and  a  great-grandson. 

John  D.  Montgomery  '50  of  Jacksonville,  Fla., 
on  July  18,  2007.  After  serving  in  the  Army,  he 
joined  the  FBI,  where  he  rose  to  the  position  of 
administrative  assistant  to  the  director.  In  1963,  he 
joined  Southern  Bell  as  state  security  chief  and  was 
eventually  named  district  manager  for  south  Jackson- 
ville. He  formed  Executive  Sports  Inc.  in  1971  and 
became  an  international  expert  on  managing  golf 
tournaments.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Nancy;  two 
sons;  a  daughter;  a  stepson;  1 1  grandchildren;  and 
five  great-grandchildren. 

Albert  Schrader  M.Div.  '50  of  Richmond,  Va.,  on 
July  24,  2007.  He  served  as  pastor  to  churches  through- 
out the  Virginia  United  Methodist  Conference  dur- 
ing most  of  his  career.  He  also  served  as  a  Navy  chap- 
lain in  Great  Lakes,  111.,  and  Kubasaki,  Okinawa,  from 
1957  to  1960,  and  with  the  Marine  Corps  Reserves  in 
Lynchburg,  Va.,  from  1962  to  1968.  He  is  survived  by 
a  son,  a  daughter,  and  two  sisters. 

Leslie  Ontrich  Andersen  '51  of  Silver  Spring, 
Md.,  on  Aug.  30,  2007.  She  spent  more  than  10  years 
as  a  mortgage  services  representative  with  Equitable 

Savings  and  Loan  Association  and  then  with 
Citizens  Savings  and  Loan.  She  also  volunteered  in 
the  Clinton  White  House  mailroom,  processing  let- 
ters sent  from  children.  She  is  survived  by  three  sons, 
a  daughter,  two  sisters,  and  two  grandsons. 

William  J.  Armour  '51  of  Fort  Worth,  Texas,  on 

May  5,  2007. 

H.  Fred  Davis  B.D.  '51  of  Lumberton,  N.C.,  on 
Aug.  23,  2007.  He  held  additional  degrees  from 
Louisburg  and  Wofford  colleges.  In  the  Army,  he 
served  in  the  infantry  and  as  a  chaplain,  retiring  with 
the  rank  of  lieutenant  colonel.  He  served  as  a  United 
Methodist  minister  in  churches  throughout  North 
Carolina.  He  is  survived  by  three  children  and  four 
grandchildren. 

Richard  L.  Farquhar  '52  of  Santa  Fe,  N.M.,  on 
Jan.  30,  2007.  After  graduating  from  Duke,  he  served 
for  three  years  on  the  aircraft  carrier  USS  Saipan  dur- 
ing the  Korean  War.  He  returned  to  Duke  on  a  Navy 
scholarship  for  his  internship  and  residency  in  oral 
and  maxillofacial  surgery.  He  was  the  first  oral  sur- 
geon to  set  up  a  practice  in  northern  New  Mexico, 
and  the  only  dentist  to  serve  as  chief  of  the  medical- 
dental  hospital  staff  at  St.  Vincent  Hospital.  After  37 
years  of  private  practice,  he  retired  in  2001.  Survivors 
include  his  wife,  Jennie;  four  sons;  two  daughters;  rwo 

grandsons;  and  a  niece,  Sandra  Farquhar  Davis 

B.S.N.  '76. 

Joe  J.  Hail  Jr.  B.S.E.E.  '52  of  Longview,  Wash., 
on  Aug.  13,  2007.  He  graduated  Phi  Beta  Kappa. 
Following  his  setvice  in  the  Navy  Reserve,  where  he 
earned  the  rank  of  lieutenant  junior  grade,  he  worked 
for  Reynolds  Metal  Co.  He  retired  in  1992.  An  avid 
sailor,  he  was  a  past  commodore  with  the  Longview 
Yacht  Club.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Carolyn;  two 
sons;  a  daughter;  and  seven  grandchildren. 

Helene  Hrubes  M.Ed.  '52  of  Cleveland,  on 
Aug.  23,  2007.  At  Duke,  she  was  a  member  of  the 
National  Honor  Society  and  Phi  Beta  Kappa.  Fot  41 
years,  she  taught  business  classes  in  the  Cleveland 
school  district.  She  is  survived  by  two  nephews. 

John  Michael  Speca  LL.M.  '52  of  Kansas  City, 
Kan.,  on  Sept.  10,  2007.  He  received  both  a  bache- 
lor's and  a  J.D.  degree  from  Notre  Dame  University 


and  practiced  for  five  years  before  joining  the  law- 
school  faculty  of  the  University  of  Kansas  City. 
He  remained  on  the  faculty  from  1947  to  1985  as  a 
professor,  associate  dean,  and  acting  dean  before  his 
retirement.  He  co-authored  West's  Federal  Practice 
Manual,  chaired  the  advisory  commission  to  the  fam- 
ily-law journal,  and  was  the  reporter  to  the  Missouri 
Supreme  Court  committee  on  juvenile  rules.  He  is 
survived  by  a  sister  and  a  brother. 

James  H.  "Swede"  Swensen  M.E  '52  of 

Dowling  Park,  Fla.,  on  Sept.  1,  2007.  He  served  as  a 
Navy  corpsman  artached  to  the  Marine  Corps  in  the 
Pacific  during  World  War  II.  After  leaving  the  mili- 
tary, he  worked  in  the  furniture  industry  until  his 
retirement  from  Korn  Industries.  He  is  survived  by 
his  wife,  Jean  Muldrow  Swensen  R.N.  '51;  a 

son;  two  daughters;  a  brother;  and  six  grandchildren. 

George  C.  Fox  Jr.  '53  of  Broomall,  Pa.,  on  May 
30,  2006.  At  Duke,  he  was  a  member  of  Kappa  Sigma 
fraternity.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Jane;  a  daugh- 
ter; a  son;  a  brother;  a  sister;  and  four  granddaughters. 

Thomas  Stewart  III  '53  of  Bridgeport,  Conn., 
on  Oct.  1,  2005.  A  lifelong  musician,  he  played  trum- 
pet with  the  Duke  Ambassadors  band  and  worked  as 
an  artist  and  arranger  in  New  York  music  studios. 
He  led  the  Tom  Stewart  Quartet  in  the  road  tour  of 
A  Thurber  Carnival  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Lois, 
and  a  sister. 

Donald  Lawson  '54  of  San  Francisco,  on  Aug.  26, 
2007.  He  worked  as  a  business  analyst  tor  S5  years  for 
Dun  &  Bradstreet  Inc.  in  Miami  and  Honolulu  before 
settling  in  San  Ftancisco.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife, 
Linda;  two  daughters;  a  son;  and  two  granddaughters. 

Gordon  Q.  Freeman  A.M.  '55  of  Charlotte,  on 


Aug.  17,  2007.  She  received  her  Ph.D.  from  the 
University  of  New  Mexico.  For  many  years,  she 
taught  English  at  Myers  Park  High  School  and  took 
part  in  the  adult  continuing-education  program  at 
Queens  College,  both  in  Charlotte.  She  was  presi- 
dent of  the  Freedom  Park  Neighborhood  Associa- 
tion. She  is  sutvived  by  a  brother  and  two  nieces. 

Jewell  Wood  Loring  '56  of  York,  S.C,  on 
Aug.  25,  2007.  At  Duke,  she  majoted  in  sociology 
and  then  worked  in  advertising.  She  is  survived  by  a 
stepdaughter;  a  stepson;  a  brother,  Charles  K. 
Wood  '62;  and  five  grandchildren. 

Josephine  Fishel  Milburn  Ph.D.  '56  of 
Hanover,  N.H.,  on  Sept.  8,  2007.  She  received  a 
B.A.  from  UNC-CH  and  an  M. A.  from  Louisiana 
State  University.  Aftet  graduating  from  Duke,  she 
spent  a  year  on  a  Fulbright  grant  in  Wellington, 
New  Zealand.  She  traveled  often  for  her  research  and 
spent  time  in  England,  Austtalia,  Germany,  Africa, 
and  Indonesia.  She  rose  to  full  professor  of  political 
science  at  the  University  of  Rhode  Island  and  pub- 
lished several  books.  She  is  survived  by  her  husband, 
Ronald  M.  Milburn  Ph.D.  '54;  a  daughter;  a  son; 
and  five  grandchildren. 

Lewis  R.  Sherard  B.D.  '56  of  Greenwood,  S.C, 
on  Sept.  3,  2007.  He  also  held  degrees  from  Erskine 
and  Wofford  colleges.  He  served  as  minister  to  many 
United  Methodist  churches  in  South  Carolina  for  41 
years.  In  1998,  he  was  named  pastor  emeritus  of 
Mathews  United  Methodist  Church  in  Greenwood. 
He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Georgia;  a  son;  two  daugh- 
ters; and  six  grandchildren. 

George  Youngblood  A.M.  '56,  Ph.D.  '57  of  Houston, 
on  Aug.  16,  2007.  After  high  school,  he  served  in  the 


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March- April  2008 


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Korean  War  anj  was  stationed  at  an  Army  base  in 
New  York.  He  earned  a  bachelor's  degree  from  Clemson 
College.  After  graduating  from  Duke,  he  worked  with 
Shell  Oil  Co.  until  his  retirement  in  1994.  He  began 
a  new  career  as  a  historical  fiction  writer  and,  in 

2006,  published  his  memoir,  /  Must  Remember  This. 
He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Patricia;  four  children;  five 
grandchildren;  four  brothers;  and  two  sisters. 

Alexander  Gow  III  '58  of  Harrisburg,  N.C., 
on  Sept.  9,  2007.  He  earned  a  master's  degree  at 
UNC-CH  before  serving  in  Germany  for  three  years 
with  the  Army.  He  joined  the  staff  at  Central 
Piedmont  Community  College,  where  he  spent 
30  years  as  an  academic  and  curriculum  counselor. 
He  is  survived  by  his  witc,  Eleanor;  two  daughters; 
two  stepchildren,  including  Elizabeth  Gray 
Foley  '92;  a  sister;  two  grandchildren;  and  three 
step-granddaughters. 

James  O.  Redding  '59,  M.D.  '63  of  Boyds,  Md., 
on  Aug.  29,  2007.  A  Phi  Beta  Kappa  graduate,  he 
completed  his  internship  at  Cincinnati  General 
Hospital.  He  moved  to  Oklahoma  City  in  1964 
and  completed  his  residency  in  psychiatry  at  the 
Veterans  Affairs  Hospital  and  the  University  of 
Oklahoma  Medical  Center.  A  captain  in  the  Air 
Force,  he  was  honorably  discharged  in  1969.  He 
practiced  psychiatry  at  Chestnut  Lodge  Hospital  in 
Rockville,  Md.,  until  1998,  when  he  entered  private 
practice.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Marcella;  two 
sons;  and  a  sister. 

Diana  Gauld  Cockcroft  '60  of  Houston  on 
Dec.  29,  2006.  She  was  a  member  of  Delta  Gamma 
sorority  and  graduated  with  a  major  in  French. 
She  is  survived  by  a  daughter;  a  son,  Mark  B. 
Cockcroft  '88;  a  brother,  Edwin  S.  Gauld  '58; 
a  sister-in-law,  (Catherine  Wood  Gauld  '61; 
two  nieces,  Trina  Gauld  Torgelson  '85  and 
Christine  Gauld  Botvinick  '93;  and  a  nephew, 
Edwin  Gauld  Jr.  '88. 

William  E.  Nickle  '62  of  Rehoboth  Beach,  Del., 
on  July  25,  2007.  A  dancer,  he  choreographed  many 
major  theatrical  productions  while  at  Duke.  After 
medical  problems  forced  him  to  stop  dancing,  he 
became  a  Big  Brother  to  HIV/AIDS  victims.  He  is 
survived  by  his  partner,  Sean  Quigley;  two  brothers; 
and  his  adopted  family,  David  and  Helen  Rogers, 
their  son,  and  three  daughters. 

Page  Best  '64  of  Brevard,  N.C.,  on  Aug.  26,  2007. 
He  served  in  the  Navy  during  the  Vietnam  War.  He 
is  survived  by  his  wife,  Elizabeth;  a  daughter;  a  son;  a 
brother;  and  three  grandchildren. 

Judith  Hamel  Oldham  '64  of  Washington,  on 
June  2,  2007.  After  leaving  Duke,  she  received  a  B.A. 
from  the  University  of  Michigan.  She  worked  as  a 
librarian  for  the  Denver  Public  Library  and  as  a 
researcher  at  the  Denver  Research  Institute.  She  was 
the  head  of  the  speakers  bureau  for  Senator  George 
S.  McGovern's  1972  presidential  campaign,  in  1981, 
she  graduated  from  Georgetown  University  Law 
Center  and  joined  the  firm  Collier  Shannon.  In 
1989,  she  was  named  partner  and  later  became 
the  first  woman  to  serve  on  the  firm's  executive  com- 
mittee. She  retired  in  2006.  She  is  survived  by  her 
husband,  Alan  Kriegel;  two  children;  her  father;  and 
four  grandchildren. 

John  E.  Payne  '64  of  Houston,  N.C.,  on  Sept.  10, 

2007.  He  served  in  the  Air  Force.  After  leaving  the 
military,  he  worked  for  Sea-Land  Service  in 
Louisiana  for  25  years.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife, 
Virginia;  a  son;  a  sister;  and  two  grandsons. 

Patricia  Hughes  Brennan  '65  of  Los  Angeles  on 
July  29,  2007.  After  graduation,  she  went  on  to 


receive  an  M.B.A.  from  the  University  of  Pittsburgh 
in  1966  and  a  Ph.D.  from  the  University  of  British 
Columbia  in  1984.  She  taught  at  both  the  University 
of  Southern  California  and  UCLA,  where  she  served 
as  a  member  of  the  first  faculty  executive  committee, 
chair  of  the  accounting  area,  and  vice  chair  of  the 
faculty.  She  retired  from  UCLA  as  professor  emerita 
in  2005.  She  is  survived  by  her  husband,  Michael;  a 
daughter;  and  two  sons,  including  James  Brennan 
Agarwal  BSE.  '92. 

Janet  Lee  Holt  '68  of  Davie,  Fla.,  on  Aug.  12, 
2007.  She  earned  an  M.B.A  in  accounting  from 
Florida  Atlantic  University  and  worked  as  a  certified 
public  accountant  in  Washington,  D.C.,  New  York, 
Ohio,  and  Florida.  She  is  survived  by  her  husband, 
Jim  Schwank. 

Sydney  "Hugh"  High  A.M.  '70,  Ph.D.  72  of 
Charlottesville,  Va.,  on  July  19,  2007.  He  earned 
degrees  from  Texas  Christian  University,  UNC-CH, 
and  Wake  Forest  University.  A  professor  of  econom- 
ics, law,  and  finance,  he  taught  at  Wake  Forest, 
Massey  University  in  New  Zealand,  and  the  Univer- 
sities of  Witwatersrand  and  Cape  Town  in  South 
Africa.  During  the  late  1980s,  he  was  the  director  of 
the  New  Zealand  Centre  for  Independent  Studies. 
He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Jane;  a  daughter;  a  son;  a 
sister;  two  brothers;  and  a  grandson. 

Frank  H.  Armstrong  Ph.D.  '71  of  Albany,  Ga., 
on  Oct.  1,  2007.  He  joined  the  Army  in  1939  and 
spent  28  years  in  the  military,  rising  to  lieutenant 
colonel.  He  fought  in  the  European  Theater  during 
World  War  II  and  received  two  awards  for  heroism 
and  four  campaign  medals.  He  earned  an  award  for 
heroism,  six  combat  campaign  medals,  and  the 
Presidential  Unit  Citation  for  his  service  during  the 
Korean  War.  After  retiring  from  the  Army,  he  earned 
a  doctorate  in  forestry  from  Duke.  He  then  spent  25 
years  as  a  forestry  professor  at  the  University  of 
Vermont  and  a  decade  as  a  writer  and  the  owner  of  a 
company  that  sold  books  to  veterans.  He  is  survived 
by  two  daughters;  a  brother;  four  grandchildren;  and 
two  step-grandchildren. 

William  L.  Parry  '72  of  Raleigh,  on  Aug.  5, 
2007.  After  graduating  cum  laude  from  Duke,  he 
attended  the  University  of  Pittsburgh,  earning  a 
Ph.D.  in  1976.  He  worked  for  most  of  his  life  in 
the  insurance  industry  and,  more  recently,  in  infor- 
mation technology.  He  is  survived  by  a  daughter, 
Emily  Erin  Peterson  Robinson  00;  his  mother; 
and  two  brothers. 

Edmund  V.  Crean  Ph.D.  '76  of  Middleboro,  Mass.,  on 
June  2,  2007.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Debra  Ingalls; 
a  daughter;  a  brother;  three  sisters;  and  a  grandson. 

Craig  Staples  '83  of  Oklahoma  City,  on  Aug.  18, 
2007.  He  worked  with  gymnasts  at  SCATS  Athletic 
Training  Center  in  Huntington  Beach,  Calif.,  and  at 
Mat  Trotters  Gym  in  Oklahoma  City.  He  was  a  pub- 
lished author.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  his  fathet, 
two  sisters,  and  a  brother. 

Tricia  Bohnenberger  Valles  J.D.  '98  of  Tampa, 
Fla.,  on  Sept.  5,  2007.  Before  coming  to  Duke,  she 
earned  a  bachelor's  degree  from  Binghamton  Uni- 
versity. She  was  a  partner  in  the  law  firm  of  Morgan, 
Lamb,  Goldman  and  Valles,  in  Tampa.  She  is  sur- 
vived by  her  husband,  Raul  Valles  Jr.  J.D.  '98;  her 
parents;  a  sister;  a  brother;  and  her  grandparents. 

Botany  Professor  Emeritus  Hellmers 

Henry  Hellmers  died  June  4,  2007,  in  Steamboat 
Springs,  Colo.  He  was  91. 

At  Penn  State  College,  he  was  the  first  graduate 
student  in  the  forestry  department,  earning  his  B.S. 
in  1937  and  M.S.  in  1939.  After  working  with  the 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Forest  Service,  he  attended  the  University  of 
California-Berkeley  in  1941.  During  World  War  II, 
he  served  in  the  Navy  as  an  air  comhat  intelligence 
officer  on  ships  in  rhe  South  Pacific  and  Atlantic. 
After  the  war,  he  remained  active  in  the  Reserves 
and  eventually  retired  as  a  commander. 

In  1950,  he  continued  his  studies  and  received  his 
Ph.D.  from  U.C.-Berkeley  in  plant  physiology.  He 
worked  at  the  Forest  Experiment  Station  at  the 
California  Institute  of  Technology  and  taught  forestry 
classes  at  Pasadena  City  College. 

He  retired  from  the  Forest  Service  in  1965  and 
accepted  a  professorship  at  Duke,  where  he  built  and 
designed  the  Phytotron,  a  laboratory  with  controlled 
environment  chambers  and  greenhouses  tor  research 
into  plant  physiology.  He  taught  courses  in  both  the 
forestry  school  and  botany  department  until  his 
retirement  in  1983. 

He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Lou  Ann;  two  daugh- 
ters; three  granddaughters;  and  a  great-granddaughter. 


History  Professor  TePaske 

John  Jay  TePaske  A.M.  '53,  Ph.D.  '59  of  Durham 
died  December  1,  2007,  at  the  age  of  77.  He 
graduated  Phi  Beta  Kappa  from  Duke  and  served  in 
the  Army. 

A  member  of  Duke's  history  department  since  1967, 
he  was  a  leading  scholar  in  the  history  of  Spanish 
colonial  America.  He  published  15  books,  most 
notably,  his  1 982  co-written  book,  The  Royal  Treasuries 
of  the  Spanish  Empire  in  America.  In  2005,  he  received 
a  Mellon  Foundation  grant  to  continue  his  research 
in  Spain.  Among  his  numerous  distinctions  were 
fellowships  from  the  John  Simon  Guggenheim 
Foundation  and  the  National  Humanities  Center, 
as  well  as  election  to  vice  president  of  the  Profes- 
sional Division  of  the  American  Historical  Associa- 
tion. He  was  also  listed  in  Who's  Who  in  America, 
1996.  Survivors  include  his  wife,  Neomi  L. 
TePaske  M.Ed.  '72;  two  daughters;  a  brother; 
and  three  grandchildren. 


Professor  Emeritus  Lerner 

Professor  Emeritus  Warren  Lerner  of  Durham  died 
December  3,  2007,  at  rhe  age  of  78. 

He  was  a  dedicated  member  of  the  history  depart- 
ment for  45  years,  serving  as  its  chair  from  1985  to 
1990.  His  knowledge  of  the  history  of  socialism  and 
communism,  particularly  of  Russia  and  Eastern 
Europe,  and  of  the  ethnic  relations  in  those  areas 
drew  hundreds  of  students  to  his  classes. 

In  addition  to  his  work  in  the  history  department, 
he  served  as  a  member  of  the  policy  committee  of 
the  Center  for  Slavic,  Eurasian,  and  East  European 
Studies.  Among  his  many  publications  are  A  Student's 
Guide  to  a  History  of  Civilization  (1968);  Karl  Radek: 
The  Last  Internationalist  ( 1970);  and  A  History  of 
Socialism  and  Communism  in  Modem  Times:  Theorists, 
Activists,  and  Humanists  (1982). 

Survivors  include  his  wife,  Francine;  a  son, 
Daniel  Lerner  '92;  two  daughters;  two  brothers; 
and  four  grandchildren. 


Classifieds 

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ments, homes,  chateaux.  FHR@earthlink.net. 
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Rome:  Bright,  elegant  apartment.  Marvelous 
beamed  ceilings.  Antiques.  Walk  to  Spanish  Steps, 
Trevi  Fountain.  (609)  683-3813.  jetas5@comcast.net. 

Edisto  Island,  S.C.:  Fantastic  beachfront  house 

sleeping  i  '.  Great -.pring/lall  rate-.  Near  Gharlesion. 
(202)  338-3877  for  information,  pictures. 

France:  Provencal  Farmhouse.  Stunning  ances- 
tral home.  Magnificent  mountain  views.  Fields  of 
lavender,  olive  trees.  Lovely  antiques,  gardens, 
pool.  Modern  kitchen  and  baths.  (609)  924-7520. 
gaml@comcast.net. 

Italy/Tuscany:  Ancestral  villa  with  sweeping 
views.  Olive  groves,  vineyards,  gardens.  Antiques. 
Updated  kitchen,  baths.  Pool.  (609)  683-3813. 
jetas5@comcast.net. 

St.  Maarten:  Enjoy  beaches,  shopping,  dining 
in  the  "Culinary  Capitol  of  the  Caribbean." 
Family  home,  1-4  bedrooms,  view  of  St.  Barth's. 
See  photos,  rates:  www.villaplateau.com. 
Mention  Duke  for  discount. 

Paris,  Elegant  Left  Bank  Apartment:  Sixth 
Arrondissement.  Walk  to  Seine,  Louvre, 
and  Luxembourg  Gardens.  Near  open-air  market. 
(609)  924-7520.  gaml@comcast.net. 

Melbourne  Beach,  Fla:  2  bed,  2.5  bath.  Corner 
townhome  with  private  patio  and  garage  across 
street  from  Park/Beach.  Minutes  to  Orlando 
theme  parks.  Below  assessed  value.  $179,900. 
Contact  Elizabeth:  1-877-273-7007  or  kamout- 
sas@msn.com. 

London:  My  apartment  near  Marble  Arch  is  less 
expensive  than  a  hotel  and  a  whole  lot  nicer. 
(919)  929-3194.  elisabeth.fox@duke.edu 
Durham:  Coming  back  to  Duke?  Why  stay  in  a 
hotel?  Try  Duke  Tower  Condominiums,  only  thtee 
blocks  from  East  Campus  on  Trinity  Avenue.  Fully- 
furnished  and  completely  equipped.  Pool,  gardens, 
cable  TV/HBO,  WiFi,  bicycle  rental.  The  place  for 
Duke  alumni  and  guests.  Nightly  rentals  from  $80. 
All  major  credit  cards  accepted.  www.DukeTower.com. 
General  Manager:  Lee  Richardson,  T  '76. 


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LIGHT  UP  YOUR 

LOVE  LIFE 

Date  fellow  graduates,  faculty, 

and  students  of  Duke, 

The  Ivies,  U  of  Chicago,  AAIT, 

Medical  Schools,  and  more! 


March- April  2008 


Under  the  Gargoyle 


The  Global  Water  Crisis 

By  MIGUEL  A.  MEDINA  JR. 

his  is  a  time  of  exceptional,  and  possi- 

I    bly  historic,  drought  conditions  in 

I  North  Carolina  and  the  rest  of  the 
Southeast.  In  the  fall,  North  Caro- 
lina's governor  asked  citizens  to  reduce  their 
water  use  by  30  percent  through  actions  such 
as  taking  shorter  showers  and  turning  off 
lawn  sprinkler  systems  until  there's  enough 
rainfall  to  refill  depleted  reservoirs. 

This  presumably  temporary  local  "crisis" 
gives  Americans  a  virtually  painless  taste  of 
what  billions  of  people  around  the  globe  en- 
dure every  day.  More  than  2.4  billion  peo- 
ple lack  access  to  sanitation;  more  than  1.2 
billion  are  without  potable  water.  Under 
even  the  most  optimistic  scenario,  the  sani- 
tation deficit  could  be  reduced  to  1.9  billion 
by  the  year  2015. 

In  January  the  UN  Secretary  General  told 
delegates  at  the  World  Economic  Forum  in 
Davos,  Switzerland,  that  "time  is  running 
out,  water  is  running  out."  As  we  become  a 
thirsty  world,  he  said,  many  more  water- 
driven  conflicts  "lie  just  over  the  horizon." 

This  past  year,  I  led  a  team  of  five  regional 
water  experts  in  a  thorough  evaluation  of 
UNESCO's  World  Water  Assessment  Pro- 
gram (WWAP),  which  aims  to  improve  the 
management  of  the  world's  water  resources 
through  an  ongoing  assessment  process 
conducted  by  representatives  from  twenty- 
four  UN  agencies.  We  found  that  two  rela- 
tively recent  developments  have  begun  to 
strain  our  global  water  resources:  world  pop- 
ulation growth  and  the  contamination  of 
the  water  we  use  and  then  return  to  the 
hydrologic  cycle,  which  includes  the  atmos- 
phere, soil,  groundwater,  and  the  oceans. 

The  total  amount  of  water  within  the 
world's  hydrologic  cycle  is  relatively  con- 
stant, though  its  distribution  varies  marked- 
ly depending  on  time  and  place.  Natural  dis- 
tribution via  rivers,  the  atmosphere,  subsur- 
face reservoirs,  lakes,  and  oceans  does  not 
respect  political  boundaries,  and  air  and  wa- 
ter pollution  result  in  poorer  water  quality 
and  concomitantly  higher  costs  to  treat  it. 
Thus,  transboundary  waters,  both  surface 


and  ground,  involve  techni- 
cal, cultural,  legal,  economic, 
military,  social,  and  political 
dimensions  that  are  linked  by 
the  hydrologic  cycle. 

The  La  Plata  River  Basin 
(3.1  million  square  kilome- 
ters) in  South  America,  for 
example,  collects  water  from 
rivers  in  five  different  countries,  flows  past 
Buenos  Aires,  Argentina,  and  Montevideo, 
Uruguay,  and  then  discharges  into  the 
Atlantic  Ocean.  Beneath  this  river  basin  is 
the  Guarani  Aquifer.  One  of  the  world's 
largest  subsurface  freshwater  reserves,  it  cov- 
ers about  1.2  million  square  kilometers  and  is 
deep  enough  to  supply  300  liters  of  water 
per  day  per  capita  to  360  million  people. 
Yet,  it  is  being  threatened  by  man-made  con- 
taminants. 

Many  technological  solutions  are  possi- 
ble, such  as  affordable  desalination,  under- 
ground storage,  and  controlled  irrigation. 
Finding  solutions  in  governance,  in  mana- 
gerial infrastructure,  and  in  capacity-build- 
ing (both  physical  and  human)  is  more 
challenging. 

Although  most  water-quantity  indicators 
(among  them,  precipitation,  total  renew- 
able water  resources,  and  overlap  in  surface 
and  ground  water)  are  not  controversial, 
indicators  of  water  quality  are  highly  politi- 
cally sensitive.  In  addition,  solutions  to  wa- 
ter-quality problems  are  not  universally  ap- 
plicable owing  to  factors  such  as  highly 
variable  land  use,  vegetation  and  ground 
cover,  hydrogeologic  factors,  and  the  nature 
of  the  domestic,  industrial,  and  agricultural 
practices  that  generate  waste  products,  re- 
gion to  region  and  country  to  country.  Re- 
fining the  water-quality  indicators  we  have 
and  developing  new  ones  is,  then,  another 
major  challenge. 

WWAP  case  studies  around  the  world  have 
been  successful  in  influencing  government 
agencies  responsible  for  water  management 
to  organize  their  data-collection  and  reporting 
efforts  more  efficiently.  Achieving  greater 
participation  of  developing  countries  in  these 
activities  is  another  matter.  As  part  of  last 
year's  evaluation,  we  visited  river-basin  agen- 


cies in  Argentina,  Austria,  Chi- 
na, France,  Japan,  Mongolia, 
Namibia,  Sri  Lanka,  and  Ugan- 
da. We  reviewed  scores  of  doc- 
uments, interviewed  seventy- 
three  water  professionals,  and 
recommended  that  UNESCO 
strengthen  the  scientific  un- 
derpinning of  WWAP,  increase 
its  cost-effectiveness,  implement  a  peer-re- 
view process,  add  climate-change  indica- 
tors, and  focus  on  the  most  relevant  topics 
to  be  included  in  its  World  Water  Devel- 
opment Reports,  which  are  issued  every 
three  years. 

Our  dependence  on  foreign  oil  has  helped 
shape  our  foreign  policy,  and  our  lifestyle. 
The  price  of  a  barrel  of  crude  oil  was  $90  in 
early  December  2007,  translating  into  slight- 
ly more  than  $2  a  gallon  for  crude  and  $3  a 
gallon  for  refined  gasoline.  By  comparison, 
the  average  price  of  tap  water  in  the  U.S.  is 
$  0.01  a  gallon,  which  does  not  encourage 
conservation,  nor  efficient  management  of 
a  natural  resource  essential  for  life. 

Like  oil,  water  is  beginning  to  have  for- 
eign-policy implications.  Israel  has  negoti- 
ated water-sharing  agreements  with  Jordan 
and  the  Palestinians,  avoiding  potential  con- 
flict by  maximizing  the  potential  for  coop- 
eration. But  Turkey  is  building  dams  on  the 
Tigris  and  Euphrates  rivers  that  will  reduce 
flows  downstream  into  Syria  and  Iraq.  The 
population  of  the  countries  in  the  Arabian 
peninsula  is  expected  to  double  in  fifty  years 
(to  600  million),  and  only  through  desali- 
nation will  the  fresh-water  resource  increase. 
In  2002,  the  UN  identified  263  trans- 
boundary  river  basins  and  approximately 
200  treaties  signed  among  the  nations  shar- 
ing the  water  resource.  Seven  disputes  over 
water  that  crosses  political  boundaries  have 
involved  violence.  Along  with  historical 
factors  like  ethnic  tensions,  economic  rival- 
ries, and  imperial  ambitions,  there's  a  strong 
likelihood  that  the  competition  for  water 
will  exacerbate  regional  tensions  and  even 
contribute  to  future  global  conflict. 

Medina  is  professor  of  civil  and  environmental 
engineering. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


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Recapture  the  fun,  the  friendships, 
and  the  magic  of  your  Duke  experience. 

Reunions  Weekend  features  Duke  Arts  and  Academics,  beginning 
with  Spotlight  Speakers  on  Friday:  Timothy  Tyson  Ph.D.  '94,  visit- 
ing professor  in  the  Divinity  School  and  author  of  Blood  Done  Sign  My 
Name;  and  law  professor  James  Coleman  in  conversation  with  new 
law  school  dean  David  Levi.  Look  for  Saturday  sessions  on  election- 
year  politics,  water  and  the  environment,  a  possible  fifth  dimension  in 
space — plus  music,  dance,  and  art  from  students,  faculty,  and  alumni. 

Reunions  begin  online  at  www.dukereunions.com 

Click  on  your  class  year  for  lodging  and  travel  information,  schedule  of 
events,  to  see  who's  coming,  and  to  sign  up  for  the  weekend's  activities. 

Reunions  2008  -  Engage  •  Connect  •  Celebrate 


Duke 

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Alumni  Admissions  Forum  June  20, 2008 


»W? 


Jump-Start  College  Admissions 


Come  to  an  all-day,  on-campus  conference  for  parents  and  children  with  college  in  their  futures. 

Hear  a  panel  of  admissions  experts  discuss:  ♦  searching  for  the  right  school   ♦  setting  a  timetable 

,      „       .  ^  —  ♦the  applications  process  ♦  essays  and  interviews 


If  you  don't  receive  a  registration  brochure  by  May  20 
contact:  Alumni  Admissions  Program,  Alumni  House, 
Box  90572,  Durham,  NC  27708-0572;  (919)  684-5114 


www.dukealumni.com/forum 


The  Smiths 


DDortina  Uuk( 


pmBbW     sbb 

r  i   II                                                                               "  M 

I X    ^SP     i 

HPT    M 

^^^^^W^^^ffl^^^^^^H 

Cover:  Curator  Schroth  m  front 
ofThomas  Smith  p/ioroi.Tapfi.  Museo 
del  Prado  7 .  in  the  Nasher  Museum 
o/An.  Phoiofr«BillE 


Vol.  94,  No.  3 


EDITOR: 

RoberrJ.  Bliwise  A.M. '88 

MANAGING  EDITOR: 

Zoe  Ingalls 

SENIOR  WRITER: 

Bridget  Booher  '82,  A.M.  '92 

CLAY  FELKER 

MAGAZINE  FELLOW: 

l.ic>'h  L\it>;£er'03 

SENIOR  EDITORIAL 

ASSISTANT 

Kate  Bailey 

PUBLISHER:  Sterly  L.  Wilder  '83 

and  Peter  Vaughn 

STUDENT  INTERNS: 

Katie  Byers-Dent  M.Div.  '10 

Tina  Mao '11 

Jared  Mueller  '09 

Sarah  Takvorian  '10 

DESIGN  CONSULTANT: 

Maxine  MilU  Graphic  Design 

PRINTER:  Progress  Printing 

OFFICERS,  DUKE  ALUMNI 

ASSOCIATION: 

Thomas  C.  Clark  '69,  president; 

Ann  Pelham  '74,  president-elect; 

Sterly  L.  Wilder  '83,  secretary- 

PRESIDENTS,  SCHOOL 
AND  COLLEGE  ALUMNI 
ASSOCIATIONS: 
Scott  M.  Rimer  D.  '93,  Divinity 
School;  Prayson  W.  Pate  B.S.E.  '84, 
Pratt  School  oi  Engineering;  Amy 
Schick  Kenney '96.  M.E.M. '98, 
Nicholas  School  of  the  Environ- 
ment and  Earth  Sciences;  lonathan 
Wigser  M.B.A.  '94.  Fuqua  School  of 
Business;  J.  Brett  Bennett  M.H.A. 
'86,  Department  of  Health 
Administration;  Tom  Winland  J.D. 
'74,  School  of  Law;  Roslyn 
Bernstein  Mannon  M.D.  '85, 
School  of  Medicine;  Carole  A. 
Klove  B.S.N.  '80,  School  of 
Nursing;  Holly  Eggert  Duchene 
D.P.T  '03,  Graduate  Program  in 
rhvsic.il  Therapy 

EDITORIAL  ADVISORY  BOARD: 
Clay  Felker  '51,  chair;  Peter 
Applebome  '71,  vice  chair;  Sarah 
Hardestv  Bray  '72;  lenniter  Farmer 
'96;  lerrold  K.  Footlick;  Robbyn 
Footlick  '85;  Edward  M.  Gome:  '79; 
Devin  Gordon  '98;  Kerry  E. 
Hannon  '82;  lohn  Harwood  '78; 
Dave  Karger  '95;  Nora  Krug  '92; 
Stephen  Labaton  A.M./J.D.  '86; 
Hul'o  Lindizren  '90;  Sara  Lipka  '01; 
Julia  Livshin  '96;  Valerie  A.  May 
'77;  Susannah  Meadows  '95; 
Michael  Milstein  '88;  N.  Page 
Murray  UI'85;  Will  Pearson  '01; 
Lauren  Porcaro  '96;  Shaun  Raviv  '01 ; 
Richard  Reeves;  Jim  Rosenfield 'SI; 
Susan  Tifft  '73;  Greg  Veis  '03;  Jane 
Vessels  '77;  David  Walters  '04; 
James  O.Wilson '74;  Shelby 
Oppel  Wood  '95;  Robert  J.  Bliwise 
A.M.  '88,  secretary 
DUKE  MAGAZINE 
Box  90572,  Durham,  N.C.  27708 
PHONE:  (919)  684-2875 
FAX:  (919)  681-1659 
E-MAIL:  dukemag@duke.edu 
ADDRESS  CHANGES: 
Alumni  Records,  Box  90581, 
Durham,  N.C.  27708  or  e-mail 
bluedevil@duke.edu 
©  2008  Duke  University 
Published  bimonthly  by  the 
Office  of  Alumni  Affairs 


Features 


Everyone  Wanted  an  El  Greco  by  Bridget  Booher  30 

Art  historian  and  curator  Sarah  Schroth  tracks  down  the  lost  collection  of  a  powerful 
nobleman,  reclaims  a  forgotten  chapter  in  seventeenth-century  Spanish  art,  and 
helps  launch  a  blockbuster  exhibit 

In  Search  of  Music's  Biological  Roots  by  Ker  Than  38 

Seeking  to  understand  the  universal  appeal  of  music,  neuroscientist  Dale  Purves  has 
discovered  surprising  similarities  between  the  twelve-note  chromatic  scale  and  the 
universal  tones  found  in  speech 

Speaking  Libertarian  Lingua  Franca  by  Josh  Harkinson  44 

Ron  Paul  engaged  voters  in  ways  no  other  Republican  dared  and  no  Libertarian  had  thought 
to  try.  Will  Paul's  campaign  mark  the  end  of  a  revolution  or  just  the  beginning? 

Why  We  Do  the  Things  We  Do  by  Robert  J .  Bliwise  50 

According  to  behavioral  economist  Dan  Ariely,  our  lives  are  a  series  of  ill-considered  choices; 
his  quest  is  to  figure  out  the  forces  that  make  us,  time  after  time,  irrational  decision-makers 


Departments 


Quad  Quotes 

Federal-funding  woes,  football  futures,  foreign-policy  challenges 

Forum 

Demonstrating  faith,  banding  together,  celebrating  genius 


Full  Frame 

Traffic  patterns  in  Wallace  Wade 


Campus  expansion,  sugar-cane  exchanges,  sleep  psychology,  papyrus  data;  Sports: 
from  playing  field  to  medical  school;  Campus  Observer:  better  living  through  the  Smart 
Home;  Q&lA:  an  agrarian  reading  of  the  Bible 

Books 

Lewis  and  Clark  and  the  natural  world,  Starbucks  and  stock-market  vagaries 

Alumni  Register 

Refurbishing  a  reading  room  in  Washington,  honoring  a  historian's  contributions, 
advising  on  life  after  graduation;  Retrospective:  engineering  women;  Career  Corner: 
brand  recognition;  mini-profiles:  sustainable-housing  designer,  missile-defense  envoy, 
personal-fitness  guru 

Under  the  Gargoyle 

Mendacity  and  the  memoir 


57 


Between 
the  Lines 


Thanks  to  electronic  communica- 
tions, the  world,  potentially,  has 
become  an  extended  classroom. 
At  Duke,  one  boundary-pusher 
is  Dan  Ariely  Ph.D.  '98,  a  behavioral 
economist  profiled  in  this  issue.  Ariely 's 
website  engagingly  pushes  his  new  book, 
Predictably  Irrational  And  now  he  has 
introduced  an  online  advice  column: 
Dear  Irrational.  Every  week,  he  picks  a 
question  from  those  submitted  on  any- 
thing that  fits  within  the  broad  defini- 
tion of  his  burgeoning  discipline. 

In  early  April,  Ariely  made  his  first 
pick.  The  question  came  from  a  con- 
cerned parent  whose  daughter,  a  recent 
college  graduate,  is  "interested  in  too 
many  things"  and  is  therefore  direction- 
less. She  resists  the  notion  of  pursuing  a 
job  vigorously  for  fear  that  she'll  make 
the  wrong  decision.  What  to  do? 

The  first  thing  to  do,  Ariely  respond- 
ed, is  to  recognize  that  as  options  and 
opportunities  endlessly  increase,  we  all 
face  similar  situations.  In  his  view,  we 
are  paralyzed  by  a  surplus  of  choices.  By 
keeping  all  her  options  open,  the  stay- 
at-home  graduate  ends  up  spending  her 
time  searching  but  never  committing  to 
start  a  career. 

Ariely 's  advice  was  for  her  to  take  "a 
relatively  unpleasant  temp  job."  That  gets 
her  out  of  the  house  and  into  the  habit  of 
working.  And  it  makes  the  act  of  delay- 
ing the  job  decision  personally  painful. 

One  reader  posting  suggested  a  better 
way  to  induce  a  change  in  behavior: 
charging  her  full  room  and  board  at 
home.  Another  embellished  that  advice 
with  the  benefit  of  behavioral  experi- 
ence: "It's  exactly  how  we  got  our  son 
off  his  backside  and  off  our  books,  too, 
[because]  his  job  required  him  co  move 
to  a  new  area!" 

Dear  Irrational  can  look  forward  to 
encountering  instant  and  public  skepti- 
cism, rational  or  not.  That's  a  change 
from  the  days  of  Dear  Abby — and  from 
the  old-school  economist  steeped  in 
supply-and-demand  curves. 

— Robert  J.  Bliwise,  editor 


QUAD  QUOTES 


"Worship  is  not  about 
meeting  the  needs  of  the 
congregation  members.  It's 
about  making  a  witness 
before  the  world  of  what 
we  believe  is  true." 
—Ed  Phillips,  associate  profes- 
sor of  the  practice  of  Christian 
worship  at  Duke  Divinity 
School,  on  churches  that  offer 
a  range  of  religious  services 
in  order  to  appeal  to  a 
broader  base,  in  The  Dallas 
Morning  News 

"When  analysts  point  to 
the  'African-American 
vote'  as  a  category  that 
distinguishes  candidates, 
it  stands  in  the  place  of 
valuable  assessments 
regarding  demographic 
details,  education,  income, 
age  or  judgments  about 
the  death  penalty,  the  war 
or  school  vouchers. ..." 

— Karla  FC  Holloway,  Arts  & 

Sciences  Professor  of  English 

and  professor  of  law  and 

African  and  African  American 

studies,  in  Raleigh's  News 

&  Observer 

"For  me,  being  here  now  has 
turned  into  a  way  to  save 
my  life  and  save  the  lives  of 
lots  of  other  people." 

—Josh  Sommer,  a  junior  and 

the  founder  of  the  Chordoma 
Foundation,  which  is  seeking  a 
cure  for  chordoma,  a  rare  form 

of  cancer  that  Sommer  has,  in 
The  New  York  Times 

"I  only  wish  all  of  the  cases 
I  have  heard  throughout 
my  career  by  real  lawyers  in 
court  were  as  well  argued  as 
this  competition." 

—Supreme  Court  Justice 

Samuel  Alito,  after  judging  a 

moot  court  competition  at 

Duke  Law  School 

"At  Goldman  Sachs,  there 
was  a  clear  process  for  deci- 
sion-making.... Everyone 


wanted  the  firm  to  be  suc- 
cessful for  the  long  term.... 
Here,  it's  not  as  clear.  Some 
people  have  different  per- 
spectives. Some  people 
need  to  get  re-elected.  " 

-Robert  Steel  '73,  chair  of 

Duke's  board  of  trustees  and 

former  vice  chair  of  Goldman 

Sachs  &  Co.,  on  his  job  as 

undersecretary  of  the  treasury, 

in  The  Washington  Post 

"I  want  to  get  the  excuses 
out  of  Duke  football — 
academics,  admissions,  the 
[lack  of]  people  in  the 
stands.  We've  got  to  put  the 
product  on  the  field.  No  ex- 
cuses, no  regrets." 
-David  Cutcliffe,  new  football 
coach,  speaking  at  the 
Duke  Alumni  Association's 
winter  board  meeting 

"It's  an  attention-deficit 
disorder  in  a  way.  In  the 
end,  the  attention  went 
away  and  something  else 
took  its  place." 

—President  Richard  H. 

Brodhead,  after  Congress 

cut  $500  million  in  funding 

for  science  research  from 

a  major  spending  bill,  in  The 

News  S  Observer 

"If  you  see  a  falsehood  on 
television,  at  least  you  can 
go  back  to  that  same  chan- 
nel and  try  and  correct  it. 
Here,  the  channel  disap- 
pears. The  waves  wash  up 
the  minute  the  ideas  have 
been  written  in  the  sand." 
—Zephyr  Teachout  A.M.  '99, 
J.D.  '99,  visiting  assistant 
professor  of  law,  on  forwarded 
e-mail  messages  presenting 
voters  with  false,  and  often 
negative,  information  about 
political  candidates,  in  The 
Washington  Post 

"They've  succeeded  in  tak- 
ing a  commodity  that's  the 
perfect  currency  for  war- 


lords and  making  it  reflect 
values  like  love  and  purity 
and  timelessness." 
—Barak  Richman,  an  associate 
professor  of  law  who  studies 
the  diamond  industry,  on 
the  De  Beers  company,  in  the 
Los  Angeles  Times 

"What  I  don't  do  is  lurk  in 
places  I'm  not  invited.  I  wel- 
come having  more  friends, 
but  I  don't  want  to  intrude." 
—Larry  Moneta,  vice  president 
for  student  affairs,  on  having  a 
Facebook  page,  in  The  Chronicle 

"I  forget  he's  my  friend  all 
the  time.  I  don't  think  twice 
about  what  I  put  on  Face- 
book  because  I  figure  he  has 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


\±tl 


better  things  to  [do]  with  his 

time  than  surf  kids'  profiles." 

—Taylor  Hausburg,  a  freshman 

who  added  Moneta  as  a 

friend  on  Facebook  earlier 

this  year,  in  The  Chronicle 

"Even  George  Washington 
hated  the  press.  I  wasn't 
covering  him." 
—Helen  Thomas,  eighty-seven- 
year-old  veteran  White  House 
correspondent,  during  a  talk  in 
Reynolds  Theater 

"We  owe  them  the  very 
best  mental-health  care  we 
can  provide." 

—Dan  Blazer,  J. P.  Gibbons 

Professor  of  psychiatry  and 

a  member  of  a  Pentagon 

task  force  on  mental  health 


formed  to  deal  with  unfore- 
seen mental-health  issues 
among  Iraq  war  veterans,  in 
The  News  S  Observer 

"One  of  the  most  interest- 
ing things  about  the  pirate 
is  he  presents  us  with  an 
agent  whose  activity  is 
defined  by  the  space  it  takes 
place  in — the  sea." 

—Daniel  Heller-Roazen, 

professor  of  comparative 

literature  at  Princeton 

University,  in  a  lecture  on 

piracy  sponsored  by  the 

Duke  Center  for  Medieval  & 

Renaissance  Studies 

"The  image  challenge  is 
much  more  about  substance 
than  symbols;  but  changing 


some  of  what  the  world  per- 
ceived as  the  more  egregious 
policies  of  George  Bush  will 
be  necessary  but  far  from 
sufficient.  The  next  presi- 
dent has  to  realize  the  world 
has  changed,  and  there's  no 
going  back  to  square  one." 
—Bruce  Jentleson,  professor 
of  public  policy  and  a 
member  of  the  State 
Department  policy  planning 
staff  under  President  Bill 
Clinton,  on  the  challenges 
facing  the  next  president,  in 
The  Christian  Science  Monitor 

"Americans  always  have 
wanted  to  be  Texans.  We 
have  an  idea  that  Texas  is 
the  purest  form  of  being 


Cultural  merge:  Framed  by  the  Great  Hall's 
Gothic  environs,  Native  American  ritual  dances 
were  on  display  during  an  inter-tribal 
PowWow  sponsored  by  the  Native  American 
Student  Alliance. 


American,  the  myth  of  the 
tough  cowboy  and  the  pos- 
sibility of  getting  rich 
quick.  Money,  big  slabs  of 
meat,  sexy  cheerleaders." 

— Orin  Starn,  professor  of 
cultural  anthropology,  on  the 
Dallas  Cowboys  retaining  the 
moniker  "America's  Team" 
through  popularity,  merchan- 
dise sales,  and  television 
ratings,  in  Newsday 


May-June  2008 


Forum 


Getting  Religion 

Bridget  Booher's  article  on 
religious  life  at  Duke  ["Reli- 
gious Life  at  a  Crossroads," 
January-February  2008]  is 
interesting  and  informative, 
hut  the  piece  would  have 
benefited  from  more  atten- 
tion to  the  fact  that,  in 
addition  to  the  consider- 
able efforts  of  Duke  Chapel 
and  the  student  religious 
organizations,  the  faculties 
of  the  divinity  school  and 
the  department  of  religion 
have  built  Duke  into  an 
internationally  respected 
academic  center  for  theo- 
logical and  religious  schol- 
arship. The  surge  in  reli- 
gious involvement  and 
interest  among  undergradu- 
ates is  noteworthy  but  hard- 
ly unique  to  Duke;  what 
marks  Duke  apart  from  many 
comparable  universities  is 
the  richness  and  vitality  of 
theological  conversation 
already  present,  not  only  in 
extracurricular  but  also  in 
curricular  settings. 

Warren  Kingham  M.T.S.  '02 

Nathan  Eubank  M.T.S.  '05 

Durham 

The  writers  are,  respectively, 
a  graduate  student  in  the  doc- 
tor of  theology  program  and  a 
Ph.D.  candidate  in  religion. 

Bridget  Booher's  article 
portrays  religion  as  a  very 
good  thing  in  our  culture, 
and  it  seems  to  endorse  the 
present  trend  towards  reli- 
gious diversity  at  Duke. 

My  question  is  this:  Does 
its  reference  to  "a  welcoming 
environment  for  those  who 
worship  ...  no  deity  at  all" 


mean  what  it  says?  Does  its 
analysis  of  a  proposed  "Faith 
Council  comprising  repre- 
sentatives from  major  world 
religions"  suggest  inclusion 
of  those  who  adhere  to  the 
moral  worldview  of  secular 
humanism? 

It  should — because  if  the 
claim  that  learning  more 
about  other  religions  leads 
to  a  greater  understanding 
and  appreciation  for  one's 
own  faith  is  to  be  valid,  one's 
increased  knowledge  must 
encompass  a  healthy  aware- 
ness of  the  kind  of  scholarly 
wisdom  a  good  university 
ought  to  supply.  It  must  in- 
clude, for  example,  elemen- 
tary sophistication  in  form 
criticism,  which  reveals  the 
putatively  sacred  texts  of  the 
Holy  Scripture  in  all  major 
faiths  as  patchwork  quilts 
[comprising]  primitive  oral 
traditions  and  scattered 
documents  composed  by 
scribes  from  various  locali- 
ties for  various  purposes. 

It  must  also  include  an 
accurate  account  of  the  fac- 
tional power  struggles  and 
the  self-serving  institution- 
al rules  and  arrangements 
designed  to  perpetuate  the 
dogmas  and  ritual  practices 
considered  proper  (even 
necessary)  by  the  powers 
that  be  at  crucial  moments 
in  the  evolution  of  each 
religion.  It  must  acknowl- 
edge the  rather  astounding 
fact  that  all  three  Abra- 
hamic  religions  are  based 
upon  the  often  quaint  folk- 
lore of  pre-modern  Near 
Eastern  tribes  whose  priests 
and  kings  wanted  to  bolster 
their  authority  with  cosmic 
claims  of  legitimacy.  It  must 


ask  young  people  who  are 
inclined  to  be  adherents  of 
some  religion  to  reflect  on 
the  extent  to  which — since 
their  claims  of  metaphysical 
certainty  are  untenable — 
their  own  allegiance  to  a 
particular  creed  may  be  pri- 
marily a  form  of  ancestor 
worship  or  tribal  loyalty. 
Above  all,  the  general 
notion  that  religion  is  a 
beneficent  reality  in  today's 
world  must  be  emphatically 
qualified  so  as  to  rule  out 
theocratic  fundamentalism, 
whose  menacing  head  has 
been  raised  in  all  three 
Near  Eastern  faiths.  Educa- 
ted citizens,  including  espe- 
cially those  produced  by  a 
splendid  university  such  as 
Duke,  should  he  wary  of 
any  religious  ideology  that 
threatens  key  achievements 
of  Western  civilization, 
such  as  commitment  to  plu- 
ralism in  philosophy  and 
law.  Thus,  any  Faith  Coun- 
cil set  up  at  an  enlightened 
institution  of  higher  educa- 
tion must  offer  a  place  at  the 
table  to  secular  humanists. 

Henry  B.Clark  U  '53 
Sacramento,  California 

The  writer  was  a  member  of 
Duke's  religion  faculty  from 
1967 to  1975. 

Sam  Wells,  dean  of  Duke 
Chapel,  and  Michael  Gold- 
man, campus  rabbi  for  Jewish 
life  at  Duke  and  chair  of  the 
Duke  Faith  Council,  reply: 

We  are  grateful  for  Dr.  Clark's 
interest  in  the  new  Duke 
Faith  Council.  The  Faith 
Council  was  established 
against  the  backdrop  of  wide- 
spread assumptions  that  re- 


ligions are  either  dangerous 
or  irrelevant — views  amply 
reflected  in  Dr.  Clark's  letter. 

The  conventional  re- 
sponse in  recent  genera- 
tions has  been  for  faiths  to 
demonstrate  how  useful  and 
harmless  they  are.  The  Duke 
Faith  Council  takes  a  differ- 
ent approach.  Its  members 
recognize  the  profound 
conflicts  between  historic 
faiths  and  seek  not  to  mini- 
mize or  harmonize  such  dif- 
ferences but  to  study  sacred 
texts  together  in  order  to 
grow  in  understanding  of 
their  own  and  one  another's 
assumptions  and  foster  sig- 
nificant friendships  across 
traditions. 

The  Faith  Council  makes 
no  attempt  at  a  definition 
of  "religion"  and  so  secular 
humanism  would  not  be  a 
priori  excluded.  However,  it 
is  not  entirely  clear  to  us 
why  Dr.  Clark  would  wish 
to  join  a  conversation  with 
a  group  of  people  whose 
traditions  he  seems  so  little 
to  admire. 

Many  thanks  to  Bridget 
Booher  for  covering  a  topic 
that  has  defined  my  life  at 
Duke  for  the  last  nine  years 
— religious  life.  Her  por- 
trayal was  fascinating,  but  it 
is  clear  that  examples  were 
chosen  specifically  to  high- 
light Duke's  religious  diver- 
sity without  paying  a  great 
deal  of  attention  to  Duke's 
religious  commitments. 

Ms.  Booher  mentions  the 
"cobbled  together"  space  a 
few  religious  groups  share  in 
the  "storage  and  heating 
equipment  areas"  of  the 
chapel  basement.  These  are 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


the  lucky  ones.  Other  groups 
routinely  cart  worship  sup- 
plies in  and  out  of  class- 
rooms after  running  the 
gauntlet  of  Duke's  reserva- 
tion system.  All  of  us  suffer 
the  vicissitudes  of  relocation 
and  cancellation  because 
we  are  not  of  the  university, 
even  while  we  are  in  it.  Duke 
enjoys,  pro  bono,  vast  re- 
sources of  time  and  money 
via  this  multitude  of  faith 
communities.  For  example, 
the  externally  funded 
United  Methodist  ministry 
that  I  direct  requires  sala- 
ries, benefit  packages,  and 
program  items  costing  near- 
ly $200,000  annually.  We 
also  own  a  house  near  East 
Campus,  precisely  because 
we  want  students  to  think 
of  it  and  use  it  as  though  it 
were  part  of  the  campus. 

The  chapel  as  a  venue  for 
a  particular  kind  of 
Protestant  Christian  wor- 
ship— what  we  would  call 
"high  church" — works  fab- 
ulously, but  it  doesn't  work 
as  well  for  other  facets  of 
the  Christian  faith,  and  it 
doesn't  work  at  all  for  the 
other  top  four  world  faith 
communions  now  repre- 
sented in  the  student  body. 
As  Duke  moves  forward 
with  plans  to  integrate  Cen- 
tral Campus  more  fully  into 
the  larger  university  system, 


the  time  is  ripe  to  think 
about  places  where  faiths 
can  be  nurtured.  The  religio 
component  of  our  motto 
deserves  more  than  an 
overcrowded  basement  that 
was  only  meant  for  storage 
space  and  duct  work. 

Imagine,  nestled  into  the 
Central-Campus  acreage,  a 
faith  village.  It  could  have 
multiple  venues  for  groups 
of  varying  sizes,  liturgical 
traditions,  and  faith  tradi- 
tions, with  the  configura- 
tion of  the  room  dictated 
by  the  particular  needs  of 
the  people  using  it. 

Imams,  rabbis,  gurus, 
priests,  and  pastors  might 
have  offices  instead  of 
"shoe  boxes."  Imagine 
this  cluster  of  buildings 
around  an  outdoor  area  that 
invites  students  to  mingle 
as  they  move  between 
structured  religious  prac- 
tices and  informal  discus- 
sions about  these  practices. 
Imagine  how  faiths  on  this 
campus  might  live  and 
grow  given  a  place  to  put 
down  roots. 

Jennifer  Copeland  '85 , 

M.Di'v.  '88 

Durham 

The  writer  is  United  Metho- 
dist Chaplain,  director  of  the 
Wesley  Fellowship,  and  a 
Ph.D.  candidate  in  religion. 


Lessons  Learned 

I  agree  fully  with  Rosemary 
Thome's  critique  of  Teach 
For  America  ["Teaching  for 
America,  Training  for  Life," 
January-February  2008]. 
Two  years  ago,  my  daughter, 
then  a  first-year  Hampshire 
College  student,  took  an  ed- 
ucation course  at  Amherst 
with  fourth-year  students, 
most  of  whom  planned  to 
apply  for  TFA.  The  class 
featured  a  presentation  by 
two  TFA  alumnae,  and  my 
daughter  was  dismayed 
when  they  spoke  only  of 
the  program's  benefit  to 
themselves  with  little  men- 
tion of  the  students  they 
taught.  To  tout  TFA  as  a 
stepping  stone  for  more  lu- 
crative, "respectable"  ca- 
reers is  reprehensible  and 
continues  to  devalue  the 
work  of  those  who  have  a 
passion  for  teaching. 

My  daughter  shared  with 
me  assigned  reading  which 
made  two  excellent  points 
about  TFA.  One,  would 
there  ever  be  a  Physicians 
or  an  Attorneys  of  America 
program  with  just  five  weeks 
of  training?  Two,  whenever 
possible,  school  systems 
should  assign  experienced 
teachers  to  low-income, 
underperforming  schools 
and  place  TFA  members  in 
high-achieving  schools  that 
do  not  present  the  chal- 
lenges and  needs  that  TFA 
members  have  been  insuffi- 
ciently trained  to  meet. 

Research  on  TFA  and 
academic  achievement  has 
shown  that  students  of  new, 
certified  teachers  perform 
significantly  better  in  read- 


ing and  math  than  students 
of  uncertified  teachers,  in- 
cluding uncertified  TFA 
members,  especially  in  the 
elementary  grades.  In  the 
District  of  Columbia,  much 
is  being  made  over  the  fact 
that  the  new  chancellor, 
Michelle  Rhee,  is  a  TFA 
alumna.  However,  her  first 
teaching  year  in  a  Baltimore 
school  was  so  disastrous 
that  she  took  additional 
courses,  received  her  teach- 
ing certification,  returned 
to  the  school,  and  im- 
proved students'  test  scores 
substantially. 

It  is  a  disservice  to  any 
student,  particularly  low- 
income  students,  to  have 
inadequately  trained  teach- 
ers, regardless  of  their  pres- 
tigious undergraduate  edu- 
cation. Despite  my  daugh- 
ter's school  debt  load  and 
her  significant  teaching 
experience,  she  says  apply- 
ing for  TFA  is  like  "dancing 
with  the  Devil." 

Melea  E.  Greenfeld  '76 
Silver  Spring,  Maryland 

What  Makes  a  Genius? 

Your  "In  Brief  announce- 
ment in  the  January-Febru- 
ary 2008  edition  of  the  mag- 
azine that  Tuan  Vo-Dinh  [a 
Duke  professor  of  biome- 
chanical  engineering]  was 
ranked  forty-third  on  a  list 
of  the  world's  top  living 
geniuses  would  not  have 
stood  out  for  me  were  it  not 
for  the  fact  that  he  was  tied 
with  Osama  bin  Laden.  Has 
a  typo  been  made  or  did  a 
(sick)  practical  joke  make  it 
past  the  editor?  I  just  can't 


Forum 


believe  that  a  moral  dimen- 
sion plays  no  part  in  assessing 
human  intelligence.  Howard 
Gardner  (Harvard  Univer- 
sity) was  a  pioneer  in  the  the- 
ory of  multiple  intelligences, 
and  I  am  sure  that  he  would 
find  exception  to  the  seem- 
ingly bizarre  approach  of 
Creators  Synectics.  Can  any- 
body offer  me  an  explana- 
tion, or  an  elaboration,  on 
what  you  have  printed? 

Jud  Hendelman  '56 
Montreux,  Switzerland 

Congratulations  (I  think) 
to  professor  Tuan  Vo-Dinh 
for  joining  such  luminaries 
as  Muhammad  Ali  and 
Osama  bin  Laden,  who 
are  tied  with  him  and  Bill 
Gates  at  #43  on  the  list  of 
the  world's  top  100  living 
geniuses.  According  to 
Duke  Magazine,  the  deter- 
mination was  made  by  Cre- 
ators Synectics,  whose  cer- 
tified whiz-kids  came  up 
with  the  selection  criteria. 
Readers  were  told  that  these 
included  paradigm  shifting, 
popular  acclaim,  intellectu- 
al power,  cultural  impor- 
tance, and  achievement. 
One  might  expect  that 
beheading  your  foes,  say,  or 
making  a  living  by  knock- 
ing people  out  would  work 
against  selection  for  this 
elite  group,  but  that's  just 
the  opinion  of  this  dim  bulb. 

Since  I  am  obviously  no 
genius  myself,  it's  difficult 
for  me  to  fathom  a  formula 
that  would  have  the  good 
professor  and  Bill  Gates 
tied  with  the  other  two 
aforementioned  "geniuses." 
I  shudder  to  contemplate 
who  might  be  in  the  bottom 


tier  of  the  genius  group. 
Britney  Spears,  maybe? 

This  sounds  like  intellec- 
tual elitism  run  amok.  I  read 
the  matter-of-fact  piece  to  a 
few  people,  and  they  were 
aghast  or  thought  it  was 
some  sort  of  joke.  Is  Duke 
Magazine  to  be  praised  for 
its  journalistic  impartiality 
or  to  be  criticized  for  pass- 
ing up  the  opportunity  not 
to  mention  Ali  and  bin  La- 
den? Or,  once  having  done 
so,  is  it  open  to  criticism  for 
not  at  least  acknowledging 
the  potential  for  controver- 
sy somehow? 

While  we  ponder  the 
question,  it  is  to  be  hoped 
that  U.S.  military  forces  ar- 
range for  the  early  demise  of 
the  group's  most  notorious 
member.  That  would  open 
up  a  slot  for  somebody  who  is 
uncontroversial,  brilliant, 
and  meets  Synectics  exact- 
ing standards,  somebody 
like,  oh,  I  don't  know, 
maybe  Hillary  Clinton. 

PhHClutts'61 

Harrisburg,  North  Carolina 

The  Band  Plays  On 

Let's  all  shout  out  a  hearty 
"Ring-a-Ding-Ding-Ding- 
Ding"  to  Jacob  Dagger  for 
his  beautifully  written  arti- 
cle celebrating  the  success 
of  the  Duke  Alumni  Pep 
Band  ["Bonding  Through 
the  Band,"  March- April 
2008]!  While  the  acronym 
doesn't  have  quite  the 
dignity  of  the  DUMB,  its 
creation  is  truly  a  gift  to 
all  of  us  former  band  mem- 
bers from  founding  fathers 
Nick  Superina,  Mike  Ro- 
sen, and  Neil  Boumpani; 


Jeff  Au's  ongoing,  now 
blue-blooded  dedication 
to  the  program  can  never 
be  praised  enough. 

Many  years  ago,  I  bought 
the  Pep  Band  CD,  and  oh, 
how  it  brought  back  sweet 
memories  of  playing  in 
Cameron  when  "Mel"  (Gary, 
not  Lee)  ran  the  Mongoose 
against  Maryland;  we  beat 
Notre  Dame  the  week  after 
they'd  snapped  UCLA's 
record  winning  streak;  the 
Tater  lit  up  the  scoreboard 
every  night;  and  the  Jersey 
City  kid  launched  the 
comeback  of  Duke  basket- 
ball. Imagine  my  surprise, 
upon  borrowing  a  tuba  from 
the  local  high  school  in 
order  to  prepare  for  my  first 
Alumni  Pep  Band  game  at 
the  Meadowlands,  that  I'd 
hardly  lost  a  thing. 

I  look  forward,  every  sea- 
son, to  the  opportunity  to 
dust  off  my  sheet  music  port- 
folio and  play  a  few  chorus- 
es of  "Fight  Fight"  and 
"Blue  and  White."  I  love 
meeting  some  of  the  young- 
sters and  new  alums,  and 
we  sousaphone  players  are 
developing  quite  a  bond  at 
our  recurring  get-togethers. 

What  a  fabulous  way  for 
the  university  to  reward  its 
band  alumni.  Perhaps  one 
little  vignette  will  capture  it 
best:  In  the  spring  of  1989, 
as  Duke  was  losing  to  Seton 
Hall  at  the  Final  Four,  my 
sister-in-law  was  chiding 
me  about  the  Blue  Devils' 
demise.  My  nephew,  Alex, 
who  was  ten  at  the  time, 
railed  at  his  mother,  and 
vowed  that  HE  was  going 
to  go  to  Duke,  and  he'd 
show  her! 


Lo  and  behold,  Alex 

graduated  from  Duke  in  '00, 
a  proud  DUMB  alum  as 
well.  Two  years  ago,  his  Air 
Force  duties  landed  him 
back  in  South  Carolina. 
Imagine,  if  you  can,  how 
wonderful  it  was  for  me  to 
stand  alongside  him  last 
winter  blasting  our  horns 
together  as  yet  another  vis- 
iting team  left  the  "friend- 
ly" confines  of  Cameron  on 
the  short  end  of  the  score. 
It  was  a  moment  that  this 
uncle  will  cherish  forever! 

Skip  Heyman  B.S.E.  76 
Virginia  Beach,  Virginia 

Expensive  Speech 

Karl  Rove  as  invited  speaker 
["Speakers  Spark  Debate," 
March-April  2008]?  All 
ideology  aside,  why  would 
the  university  invite  a 
speaker  who  represents  a 
government  which  can 
only  be  characterized  as 
totally  incompetent,  in 
both  foreign  and  domestic 
policy?  This  is  not  just 
about  a  point  of  view,  but 
about  intellectual  legitima- 
cy. Should  I  also  assume 
that  he  got  an  honorarium 
for  insulting  our  intelli- 
gence? Who  might  we  ex- 
pect to  hear  from  next — 
a  Holocaust  denier? 

Stanley  Collyer  '54 
Louisville,  Kentucky 

Correction  In  "The  New 
Game  Theory,"  Novem- 
ber-December 2008, 
the  journal  Epidemiology 
was  incorrectly  referred 
to  as  Epidemic. 


DUKEM  \C.A/1NH 


'*  w 


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mmmm, 


Gazette 

ACROSS  THE  CAMPUS 


10         DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Together  in  Grieving 

This  spring  the  Duke  and  University  of 
North  Carolina  at  Chapel  Hill  com- 
munities came  together  to  honor  and 
remember  the  victims  of  two  recent 
shootings. 

Players,  coaches,  and  spectators  observed 
a  moment  of  silence  for  Eve  Carson,  a  senior 
and  president  of  UNC's  student  government, 
before  a  men's  basketball  game  played  be- 
tween the  two  schools  in  Cameron  Indoor 
Stadium  in  early  March.  Fans  in  the  Duke 
student  section  also  pinned  Carolina  blue 
ribbons  to  their  shirts  to  honor  Carson,  who 
died  just  three  days  before  the  game. 

Carson  was  found  dead  from  multiple  gun- 
shot wounds  on  March  5  in  a  residential 
neighborhood  not  far  from  UNC's  campus. 
A  week  after  her  death,  police  arrested  De- 
mario  Atwater,  twenty-one,  and  Laurence 
Lovette,  seventeen,  both  of  Durham,  and 
charged  them  with  first-degree  murder  in  the 
case.  Lovette  and  Stephen  Oates,  nineteen, 
have  also  been  charged  in  the  murder  of 
Abhijit  Mahato,  a  graduate  student  in  en- 
gineering at  Duke,  who  was  shot  and  killed  in 
his  apartment  near  the  campus  on  January  18. 

In  memory  of  Mahato,  twenty-nine,  who 
was  originally  from  Tatanagar,  India,  Duke 
has  established  the  Abhijit  Mahato  Me- 
morial Fellowship  to  provide  financial  sup- 
port to  an  international  graduate  student 
who  is  studying  engineering.  Preference  in 
awarding  the  fellowship  will  be  given  to  a 
student  from  India. 


Shades  of  blue:  Duke  fans  wore  ribbons 
to  honor  UNC's  slain  student  body  president. 

Energy  Concentration 

The  Pratt  School  of  Engineering  and 
the  Nicholas  School  of  the  Envi- 
ronment and  Earth  Sciences  have 
joined  forces  to  establish  the  Gendell 
Center  for  Engineering,  Energy,  and  the 
Environment.  The  center  will  focus  on  the 
"intensive  and  sustained  engagement  of  stu- 
dents across  the  disciplines,  working  in  teams 
that  will  produce  real  solutions  that  have 
been  vetted  technically,  economically,  and 
environmentally,"  says  Tod  Laursen,  Pratt's 
senior  associate  dean  for  education  and  the 
center's  inaugural  director. 

Named  for  Jeffrey  Gendell  '81  and  Mar- 
tha Gendell,  who  are  providing  $10  million 
of  the  projected  $12  million  in  funds  Duke 
will  raise  for  the  effort,  the  center  will  offer 
courses  and,  eventually,  an  undergraduate 
certificate  program  in  energy  and  the  envi- 
ronment. It  also  will  provide  a  new  place 
where  faculty  members,  students,  and  in- 
dustry professionals  can  work  together  on 
basic  scientific  research  and  applications  for 
issues  ranging  from  atmospheric  chemistry 
to  new  energy-saving  ideas  for  homes. 

New  Chief  Communicator 


ichael  J.  Schoenfeld  '84,  vice  chan- 
cellor for  public  affairs  at  Vander- 
bilt  University,  has  been  named 
Duke's  new  vice  president  for  pub- 


M 


May-June  2008 


Gazette 


ACROSS  THE  CAMPUS 


BY  THE  NUMBERS 

The  Chronicle 

103  Years  The  Chronicle,  formerly  The  Trinity  Chronicle, 
has  been  published 

.05  Cost,  in  cents,  to  purchase  first  issue 

0  Cost  to  purchase  current  issue 

125  Students  on  staff 

9  Full-time  professional  staff  members 

1922  Year  The  Chronicle  sports  writers  coined  the 
name  "Blue  Devils" 

1943  Year  the  first  female  editor  joined  the  staff 

1980  Year  computers  first  were  used  to  write  stories 

70,000  Hits  daily  on  the  online  edition 

14,500  Issues  printed  daily 

6.5  Hours  from  time  paper  sent  to  printer  until  issue 


lie  affairs  and  government  relations.  He  will 
take  over  from  John  Burness  in  July. 

In  his  new  position,  Schoenfeld  will  serve 
on  President  Richard  H.  Brodhead's  senior 
leadership  team  and  become  the  universi- 
ty's chief  communications  strategist. 

Schoenfeld  has  been  at  Vanderbilt  since 
1997,  exercising  broad  responsibility  for  the 
university's  local,  regional,  and  national  exter- 
nal affairs,  government  and  community  rela- 
tions, publications  and  websites,  and  special 
events.  He  has  also  taught  a  graduate  course 
on  crisis  management  in  higher  education. 

Under  his  leadership,  the  university  has 
greatly  expanded  its  media  operations  and 
received  numerous  public-affairs  honors  from 
the  Council  for  Advancement  and  Support 
of  Education  (CASE)  and  other  organiza- 
tions, including  five  regional  Emmy  awards 
for  its  online  video  news  productions. 


Schoenfeld  served  for  several  years  as  a 
member  of  Duke  Magazine's  Editorial  Ad- 
visory Board.  He  currently  fills  leadership 
roles  with  the  National  Academy  for  Media 
Arts  and  Sciences,  the  Public  Relations 
Society  of  America,  and  the  Association  of 
American  Universities,  and  previously  served 
on  the  board  of  the  National  Association  of 
College  and  University  Business  Officers 
and  the  CASE  Commission  on  Communi- 
cations. He  will  serve  as  general  chairman 
of  the  2009  CASE  Senior  Summit,  the 
largest  annual  gathering  of  educational  ad- 
vancement leaders. 

Before  coming  to  Vanderbilt,  Schoenfeld 
was  senior  vice  president  for  policy  and 
public  affairs  at  the  Corporation  for  Public 
Broadcasting  (CPB).  As  the  leader  of  CPB's 

Schoenfeld:  new  communications  strategist. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Internet  and  technology  initiatives,  he 
helped  develop  one  of  the  first  public  tele- 
communications websites  and  negotiated  a 
partnership  with  the  MIT  Media  Lab. 

Schoenfeld  earned  a  master's  in  public 
policy  from  the  Harriman  School  at  the 
State  University  of  New  York  at  Stony  Brook. 
He  and  his  wife,  Elizabeth  Temple  Schoen- 
feld '84,  met  while  both  were  undergradu- 
ates at  Duke.  They  have  one  daughter,  Abby. 


a  full  professor  in  1997.  An  expert  in  high- 
performance  computing,  Katsouleas  focuses 
his  research  on  applying  plasma  physics  to 
improve  and  miniaturize  particle  accelera- 
tors, devices  that  accelerate  subatomic  par- 
ticles at  high  speeds  in  a  controlled  fashion. 
These  devices  have  many  applications, 
from  providing  information  on  what  hap- 
pens within  atoms  to  unlocking  clues  on 
the  origins  of  the  universe. 

During  his  tenure  at  USC,  Katsouleas 
held  a  variety  of  administrative  posts,  in- 
cluding associate  dean  of  student  affairs  from 
1995  to  2000,  and  associate  dean  of  research 
from  2000  to  2001. 

Later,  while  serving  as  president  of  the 
faculty  and  then  as  interim  vice  provost  for 
information  services,  he  led  an  initiative 
that  overhauled  the  computing  and  infor- 
mation services  across  the  campus.  That  ef- 
fort led  to  a  major  enhancement  of  wireless 
■1  and  classroom  academic  infrastructure,  as 
s  well  as  a  dramatic  increase  in  USC's  re- 
s  search  supercomputing  that  made  the  uni- 
1  versity  second  among  U.S.  universities  in 
=  computing  capacity. 

|  Katsouleas,  who  will  start  at  Duke  in  July,  is 
la  Los  Angeles  County  ocean  lifeguard.  He 
1  and  his  wife,  Stephanie  Katsouleas,  have 
"  two  children. 


Coast  to  coast:  Katsouleas  comes  East. 

Lead  Engineer 

Thomas  Katsouleas,  professor  of  elec- 
trical engineering  and  electrophysics 
at  the  University  of  Southern  California 
and  the  school's  former  vice  provost  for 
information  services,  has  been  named  the 
new  dean  of  the  Pratt  School  of  Engineering. 
He  succeeds  Kristina  Johnson,  who  be- 
came provost  and  vice  president  of  academ- 
ic affairs  at  the  Johns  Hopkins  University 
this  past  September  after  eight  years  at  Duke. 
Robert  L.  Clark,  Thomas  Lord  Professor  of 
mechanical  engineering,  has  served  as  in- 
terim dean  since  Johnson's  departure. 

Katsouleas,  forty-nine,  joined  the  faculty 
of  USC's  Viterbi  School  of  Engineering  in 
1991  as  an  associate  professor  of  electrical 
engineering  and  electrophysics.  He  became 


Leaving  Sudan 


ment  funds  and  assets  that  are  invested  by 
DUMAC.  This  marks  the  first  time  that 
Duke  has  invoked  its  investment  responsi- 
bility policy,  which  was  established  by  the 
board  of  trustees  in  2004. 

The  divestment  was  effective  immediately 
and  will  remain  in  effect  until  the  U.S.  gov- 
ernment lifts  sanctions  against  Sudan.  The 
sanctions  were  established  in  1997  by  the 
Clinton  administration  and  added  to  by  an 
executive  order  of  President  George  W.  Bush 
in  2006. 

Duke  joins  a  growing  list  of  universities 
that  are  divesting  or  prohibiting  future 
investments  in  Sudan,  including  Harvard, 
Princeton,  Stanford,  and  Yale. 


In  February,  the  board  of  trustees  ap- 
proved a  resolution  prohibiting  Duke 
from  making  direct  investment  in  com- 
panies engaged  in  business  with  the 
government  of  Sudan. 

The  action  followed  the  recommendation 
of  the  President's  Advisory  Committee  on  In- 
vestment Responsibility  (ACIR)  and  Presi- 
dent Richard  H.  Brodhead.  The  university 
currently  has  no  direct  investments  in  compa- 
nies working  with  the  government  of  Sudan. 
The  resolution,  in  protest  against  the 
Sudanese  government's  human-rights  viola- 
tions in  the  war-torn  region  of  Darfur,  cov- 
ers the  university's  $8.2  billion  in  endow- 
No  home:  displaced  Sudanese  women 


and  children  at  refugee  camp.  £ 


May-June  2008 


Gazette 

ACROSS   THE  CAMPUS 
Unfreezing  Federal  Funding 

Officials  at  Duke  and  other  top  univer- 
sities are  warning  that  several  years 
of  essentially  flat  budgets  for  the 
National  Institutes  of  Health  are 
stifling  the  research  careers — and  the  poten- 
tial discoveries — of  a  generation  of  young 
biomedical  researchers. 

At  a  news  conference  this  spring  in  Wash- 
ington, a  coalition  of  health-sciences  leaders 
said  another  year  without  funding  increases, 
as  proposed  by  President  George  W.  Bush, 
could  deal  a  devastating  blow  to  young  sci- 
entists. The  coalition  called  upon  Congress 
to  fund  research  budget  increases. 

"This  is  a  real  problem,  discussed  at  al- 
most every  meeting  one  attends  on  campus, 
that  can't  be  simply  dismissed,"  said  Drew 
Faust,  president  of  Harvard  University.  "This 
is  about  the  investment  that  America  is,  or 
is  not,  making  in  the  health  of  its  citizens 
and  its  economy.  Right  now,  the  nation's 
brightest  young  researchers,  upon  whom  the 
future  of  American  medicine  rests,  are  get- 
ting the  message  that  biomedical  research 
may  be  a  dead  end  and  they  should  explore 
other  career  options — and  in  too  many 
cases,  they're  taking  that  message  to  heart." 

The  coalition  also  released  a  report,  A 
Broken  Pipeline?  Flat  Funding  of  the  NIH  Puts 
a  Generation  of  Science  at  Risk,  that  profiles 
junior  researchers  from  institutions  across 
the  country  who  face  serious  funding  diffi- 
culties. Included  in  the  report  are  cardiologist 
Kristin  Newby,  an  associate  professor  of  med- 
icine at  Duke  who  studies  how  the  protein 
troponin  and  other  markers  in  the  blood 
can  help  physicians  determine  a  patient's 
risk  for  heart  attacks  and  strokes;  and  oncol- 
ogist Anil  Potti,  an  assistant  professor  whose 
research  looks  at  the  genetic  patterns  in  tu- 
mors that  make  it  possible  to  p-edict  which 
early-stage  tumors  are  more  likely  to  recur 
and  should  be  treated  most  aggressively. 

Between  1998  and  2003,  the  NIH  budget 
more  than  doubled,  from  $13.3  billion  to 
$27.3  billion.  Today,  its  budget  is  closer  to 
$30  billion,  with  85  percent  of  the  money 
going  to  fund  biomedical  research.  But 
whereas  a  third  of  all  grant  requests  were 


SYLLABUS 


PREACHING  165: 
Introduction  to  Public 
Preaching 

eatedata  piano  in  the  front 
of  Goodson  Chapel,  Peter 
Gomes  takes  requests. 
Students  call  out  the  names 
of  hymns,  and  Gomes  plays  them, 
one  by  one.  As  he  plays,  he  entreats 
the  audience  members  to  sing  along, 
and  sing  loudly. 

Gomes  is  not  a  musician,  at  least 
not  by  trade.  But  the  Baptist  minister 
and  renowned  theologian,  who 
spent  the  spring  semester  as  a  visit- 
ing professor  at  Duke  Divinity  School, 
is  certainly  comfortable  on  stage. 

This  makes  perfect  sense.  There  is  an 
aspect  of  performance  to  preaching. 
Gomes  says.  He  compares  preachers 
to  actors  on  the  stage  or  lawyers  in 
the  courtroom,  only  with  more  at 
stake.  "There  is  no  trial  sermon,"  he 
tells  students.  "Every  sermon  is  real. 
Every  sermon  has  the  power  to  speak 
the  Word  of  God  to  the  people  listen- 
ing. Preach  in  that  manner." 

This  was  just  one  of  many  lessons 
Gomes  shared  with  members  of  his 
"Introduction  to  Public  Preaching" 
class  this  spring. 

The  eight  students  who  took  the 
course  spent  the  semester  discussing 
biblical  passages  and  working  to- 
gether on  papers  reviewing  the 
texts.  Their  critiques  became  the 
basis  for  original  sermons,  and  each 
student  delivered  four  over  the  course 
of  the  semester. 

Gomes  says  that  his  goal  in  work- 
ing with  students  is  not  necessarily 
to  produce  great  preachers,  but  to 


produce  better  ones  who  are  able  to 
listen  to  members  of  their  congrega- 
tions and  integrate  the  ideas  of  their 
congregants  into  their  sermons.  This 
applies  in  the  short  term:  "Listen  to 
yourself  and  read  the  congregation," 
he  instructs  students  as  they  prepare 
to  preach  to  classmates. "If  we  look 
bored,  wake  us  up.  We  should  be  on 
theedgeofourseats." 

It  also  applies  in  the  long  term, 
when  it  has  the  potential  to  address 
larger  community  needs.  "People 
need  sense  made  out  of  their  reality 
and  fears,"Gomes  says.  "Preaching 
connects  the  real  world  and  the  one 
we  aspire  to.  It  is  one  of  the  only  ve- 
hicles I  know  that  does  that." 

On  preaching  days,  Gomes  re- 
quired that  students  deliver  sermons 
without  manuscripts  or  notes,  with 
only  the  Bible  as  a  reference.  He  also 
banned  microphones.  One  student,  a 
native  Spanish  speaker,  was  more 
comfortable  preaching  in  her  native 
language.  Gomes  had  her  deliver  her 
sermons  twice:  once  in  Spanish,  and 
once  in  English. 

The  sermons  were  often  attended 
not  just  by  class  members  but  also  by 
theirfriends  and  divinity  school  col- 
leagues. Sermons  drew  from  the  Old 
and  New  Testaments  and  centered 
on  themes  from  social  justice  to 
boasting  about  one's  hope  in  Christ. 
Students  incorporated  their  own  sto- 


ries and  culture  references  like 
Disney  to  connect  the  audience  with 
the  message.  They  took  seriously 
Gomes'  mantra  that  the  only  sermon 
that  counts  is  the  one  that  is  heard. 

Professor 

Peter  Gomes  majored  in  American 
history  at  Bates  College  and  received 
his  M.Div.  from  Harvard  Divinity 
School.  He  is  the  Plummer  Professor 
of  Christian  Morals  at  Harvard  Uni- 
versity and  the  Pusey  Minister  at  the 
Harvard  University  Memorial  Church. 
He  holds  thirty-six  honorary  degrees 
and  is  the  author  of  The  Good  Life:  Truth 
thatLastin  Times  of Need and  TheGood 
Book:  Reading  the  Bible  with  Mind 
and  Heart.  He  is  a  visiting  faculty 
member  at  Duke  Divinity  this  spring. 

Prerequisites 

"Preaching  30: 

Introduction  to  Christian  Preaching" 


The  Witness  of  Preaching 
by  Thomas  Long 

The  Company  of  Preachers:  Wisdom 
on  Preaching  by  Richard  Lischer 

Assignments 

Four  sermons 

Three  co-written  exegetical  papers. 

— Katie  Byers-Dent 


funded  in  1999,  today  only  one  in  four  is 
funded.  In  addition,  researchers  have  to 
wait  longer  for  their  first  award  and  usually 
have  to  apply  multiple  times. 


The  most  common  and  important  NIH 
award  for  biomedical  researchers  is  the  ROl 
grant,  which  is  typically  hundreds  of  thou- 
sands of  dollars  disbursed  over  several  years 


14         DUKE  MAGAZINE 


n 


jazette 


STATE  OF  THE  ARTS 


— good  for  building  labs,  buying  materials, 
and  hiring  staff  to  translate  promising 
research  into  useful  techniques  and  prod- 
ucts. The  average  age  at  which  a  researcher 
gets  a  first,  coveted  ROl  used  to  be  thirty- 
nine.  Today  it  is  forty-three. 

"If  you  don't  get  funded,  you  don't  have  a 
career  in  research,"  says  Ross  McKinney,  a 
professor  of  pediatrics,  molecular  genetics, 
and  microbiology  who  is  a  former  vice  dean 
for  research  at  Duke.  "This  is  a  crisis." 

Tuition,  Aid  on  Rise 

The  board  of  trustees  has  approved  tu- 
ition increases  for  next  year.  Tuition 
for  undergraduate  students  enrolled 
in  the  Trinity  College  of  Arts  and  Sci- 
ences and  the  Pratt  School  of  Engineering 
for  the  2008-09  academic  year  will  be 
$36,065,  up  5  percent  from  $34,335  in  the 
current  year.  The  total  cost  to  attend  Duke, 
including  room  and  board,  will  be  $47,985, 
an  increase  of  4.8  percent  from  2007-08. 

Tuition  increases  for  the  graduate  and  pro- 
fessional schools  are  as  follows: 

•  Divinity  School-$16,570,  up 
45  percent 

•  Fuqua  School  of  Business  (daytime 
M.B.A.)-$44,100,  up  5.8  percent 

•  Graduate  School-$36,190,  up 
6  percent 

•  Law  School-$42,160,  up  5.5  percent 

•  Nicholas  School  of  the  Environment 
and  Earth  Sciences-$27,600,  up 

3.8  percent 

•  School  of  Medicine-$41,126,  up 
5.5  percent 

•  School  of  Nursing-$36,900,  up 
13.9  percent 

At  the  same  meeting,  the  trustees  ap- 
proved a  28  percent  increase  in  spending 
from  the  university's  endowment  for  all  cat- 
egories of  financial  aid.  Administrators  say 
that,  overall,  Duke  expects  to  increase  un- 
dergraduate financial  aid  by  more  than  1 7  per- 
cent, to  about  $86  million  next  year. 


Visions  of  Apartheid 

Duke  is  hosting  an  exhibition  that  doc- 
uments life  in  South  Africa  during 
and  after  apartheid  through  the  lenses 
of  eight  prominent  photographers. 
The  exhibition,  "Then  &  Now:  Eight 
South  African  Photographers,"  is  curated  by 
South  African  photographer  Paul  Weinberg 
A.M.  '06.  To  put  together  the  exhibition, 
Weinberg  reached  out  to  seven  of  his  col- 
leagues who  were  involved  in  South  Africa's 
resistance  movement.  Most  were  members 


Jhk 


of  or  contributors  to  Afrapix,  a  collective  that 
documented  life  in  the  country  during  apar- 
theid and  repeatedly  broke  the  law  to  send 
photographs  to  news  organizations  abroad. 

"What  the  world  saw  under  apartheid  was 
primarily  coming  from  these  photographers," 
says  Karen  Glynn,  a  visual  materials  archivist 
at  the  Rare  Book,  Manuscript,  and  Special 
Collections  Library  who  collaborated  with 
Weinberg  to  bring  the  exhibition  to  Duke. 

Weinberg  asked  each  photographer  for 
photos  from  before  and  after  the  fall  of  the 
apartheid  government.  "The  idea  of  'then 
and  now'  that  underpins  this  exhibition 
conjures  up  the  relatively  simplistic  oppo- 
sites  of  struggle  and  liberation,  justice  and 


Transformation:  National  Party  supporters 
during  apartheid,  above;  women  greeting  Nelson 
Mandela  in  Johannesburg. 

injustice,  war  and  peace,"  Weinberg  writes 
in  the  exhibition  catalogue. 

"The  apartheid  period  gave  us  a  simple  con- 
struct that  was  easy  to  respond  to:  humanity 
and  inhumanity,  for  and  against,  black  and 
white,  right  and  wrong,"  he  writes.  "Of  course, 
while  these  juxtapositions  remain  meaning- 
ful, our  country  and  society  are  also  consider- 
ably more  nuanced  and  complex  than  this." 

He  reflects  on  the  process  of  interviewing 
his  colleagues  for  the  project.  "It  emerged 
that  notions  of  'then'  and  'now'  are  not  as 


May -June  2008 


Oazeffe 


STATE  OF  THE  ARTS 


Selections  from  the  Rare  Book,  Manuscript, 
and  Special  Collections  Library 


tthe  beginning  of  the 
nineteenth  century,  pub- 
lishers struggled  to  pro- 
duce large  editions  of 


books  with  color  illustrations. 
Existing  technologies  were  expen- 
sive, complicated,  and  time  con- 
suming. The  London  print  seller 


and  publisher  Rudolf  Ackermann 
built  a  successful  business  issuing 
books  with  black-and-white 
aquatint  illustrations  (aquatint  is  a 
variant  of  etching).  He  then  paint- 
ed each  aquatint  by  hand  in  a  vari- 
ety of  colors,  to  arresting  effect. 

Two  of  Ackermann's  most  cele- 
brated color  plate  books  were  his  A 
History  of  The  Oxford  University 
(1814)  and  the  companion  volume 
A  History  of  The  University  of  Cam- 
bridge (1815),  copies  of  which  are 
preserved  in  the  library. 

The  text  of  each  work  chronicles 
the  development  of  its  respective 
university  up  to  1 81 4,  with  special 
emphasis  on  the  founding  and 
development  of  individual  col- 
leges, halls,  and  public  buildings. 
Attention  is  also  given  to  important 


historical  figures  and  to  the  hierar- 
chical arrangements  of  the  col- 
leges. However,  the  histories  are 
more  remarkable  for  their  illustra- 
tions, which  number  nearly  200. 

Ackermann  employed  v 
regarded  artists  of  the  period  to 
execute  the  illustrations  of  the  t 
preeminent  universities.  Among 
the  contributing  artists:  William 
Westall,  who  had  served  as  an 
official  artist  on  a  Royal  Navy 
expedition  to  Australia  and  was 
renowned  for  his  landscapes,  and 
Auguste  Charles  Pugin,  who  was 
known  for  his  architectural  render- 
ings, particularly  his  depictions  of 
Gothic  architecture. 


■ 


gh  Street,  Looking  West,  above. 
Hand-colored  aquatint  engravings  drawn  by  Auguste  Charles 
sity  of Oxford.*. 

fin  W.  McEachren, 


clear  as  I  had  imagined  at  the  outset;  many 
of  the  participants  experience  an  important 
continuity  between  the  photographs  they 
made  then  and  the  work  they  do  now." 

In  addition  to  Weinberg,  the  photogra- 
phers whose  work  is  included  in  the  show 
are  David  Goldblatt,  George  Hallett,  Eric 
Miller,  Cedric  Nunn,  Guy  Tillim,  Graeme 
Williams,  and  Gisele  Wulfsohn.  The  pho- 
tographs are  on  view  in  five  venues  around 
campus:  the  Special  Collections  Library, 
the  Graduate  Liberal  Studies  House,  the 
Allen  Building,  Duke  Divinity  School's  li- 
brary, and  the  Center  for  Documentary 
Studies.  Copies  of  the  photos  will  remain  in 
the  Special  Collections  Library  after  the 
show  ends. 


Father  Figures 


Brazilian  sugar-cane  cutters  spend  up 
to  ten  months  of  the  year  living  far 
from  their  families,  cutting  eight  to 
ten  tons  of  sugar  cane  a  day  for 
$1.35  per  hour. 

In  an  exhibit  at  Duke's  Terry  Sanford  In- 
stitute of  Public  Policy,  photographs  by  Em- 
ma Raynes  document  efforts  to  strengthen 
connections  between  forty  cane  cutters  and 
their  families  through  photography,  corre- 
spondence, and  recorded  dialogue.  The  ex- 
hibit, "Pai,  Estou  Te  Esperando/  Father,  I  Am 
Waiting  for  You,"  is  on  display  through  the 
end  of  July. 

(continued  on  next  page) 


PUKE  MAGAZINE 


GALLERY     Selections  from  the  Nasher  Museum  of  Art 


hinese  painting  has  a  strong  tradition  of  still  lifes 
that  depict  perfect  specimens  of  nature.  Artist 
Hong  Lei's  images  refer  to,  yet  depart  from,  that 
tradition.  Hong,  who  was  born  in  1960  and  lives 
and  works  in  Changzhou,  is  troubled  by  how  guickly  China 
is  changing  and  mourns  the  loss  of  history  and  tradition. 
He  has  said,  "When  I  manufacture  my  images,  I  give  that 
which  has  survived  an  intense  visual  power.  The  images  are 
strongly  emotional  and  nostalgic.  It  is  about  triggering 
memory  as  that  history  disappears." 

Hong  presents  us  with  bamboo  branches,  fruit,  fir  trees 
populated  with  insects,  and  snakes  held  in  place  by  strings 
that  are  plainly  visible.  The  artist  has  made  a  point  of 
showing  the  viewer  the  staging  of  the  artwork.  We  are 
reminded  that  what  we  see  is  not  real,  but  manufactured. 
Details  such  as  the  rough  edges  of  branches  broken  from 
trees  and  the  roots  of  a  tree  seemingly  ripped  from  the 
ground  imply  force  and  even  violence  applied  to  nature. 
www.nasher.duke.edu 

Speak,  Memory  of...  (Five-Needle  Pine)  series, 
2005,  by  Hong  Lei,  China.  From  set  of  six  chromo- 
genic  prints,  37 1/8  x  47 1/8  inches. 


Dear  Father: 
Exhibition  materials 
include  excerpts  of 
correspondence 
between  fathers  and 
family  members. 
Wilson,  far  left,  writes, 
"Dear  Children,  Julia, 
you  are  so  precious. 
Oh  Vito,  come  here! 
Do  you  love  Daddy? 
Daddy  loves  you.  And 
you,  too,  Brenda.  I  love 
you  all  very  much." 
Kivia,  left,  says,  "Dear 
Father,  Look  I  know 
how  to  fly." 


(continued  from  previous  page) 

Raynes  is  a  2007  Lewis  Hines  Fellow  with 
the  Center  for  Documentary  Studies.  She 
has  worked  with  the  nonprofit  Centro  Pop- 
ular de  Cultura  e  Desenvolvimento  in  Ara- 
cuaf,  Brazil.  In  this  drought-plagued  region 
known  as  the  Valley  of  Misery,  nearly  20 
percent  of  the  workforce  leaves  in  the  spring 
to  work  as  sugar-cane  cutters. 

The  Producers 

In  the  fall  of  2006,  theater-studies 
majors  Sarah  Ellis  and  Julia  Robertson 
participated  in  the  Duke  in  New  York 
program.  They  attended  concerts  and 
shows  regularly  and  worked  as  interns  for 
the  New  York  Musical  Theater  Festival  and 
Jim  Carnahan  Casting,  respectively. 

Partly  for  fun  and  partly  for  a  class  proj- 
ect, the  two  decided  to  write  their  own  mu- 
sical titled,  appropriately,  Intern:  The  Musical. 
Ellis,  who  plans  to  seek  a  Ph.D.  in  music, 
worked  on  the  songs;  Robertson,  an  aspir- 
ing actress,  on  the  book.  By  the  end  of  the 


May-June  2008 


Gazette 

STATE  OF  THE  ARTS 


semester,  they  had  pulled  together  seven  or 
eight  songs  and  a  basic  script.  It  was  rough, 
but  when  they  presented  it  to  their  class,  stu- 
dents and  professors  alike  were  enthusiastic. 

Returning  to  campus  the  following  spring, 
they  worked  to  hone  the  project,  tinkering 
with  the  plot  and  adding  new  songs.  Still,  as 
late  as  this  past  October,  they  envisioned,  at 
most,  presenting  it  as  a  staged  reading. 

Then,  the  project  became  a  senior  honors 
thesis,  and,  by  late  fall,  they  had  made  plans 
to  fully  stage  the  show  in  February.  It  played 
to  a  packed  house  on  three  consecutive 
nights  in  the  Nelson  Music  Room  in  the  East 
Duke  Building.  It  was  the  first  full-length, 
student-written,  and  student-produced  show 
put  on  at  Duke  in  recent  memory,  accord- 
ing to  John  Clum,  chair  of  the  theater-stud- 
ies department. 

The  show's  plot  follows  Lainie  Smith,  a 
high-school  graduate  who  hopes  to  make  it  big 
as  an  actress  and  sets  out  for  New  York,  where 
she  gets  an  internship  at  a  casting  agency. 
After  a  series  of  run-ins  with  an  overbearing 
boss,  she  is  ready  to  call  it  quits.  But  as  the  first 
act  draws  to  a  close,  she  comes  across  a  new 
script  for  a  show  called  Intern:  The  Musical. 
She  envisions  channeling  a  year's  frustration 
into  the  title  role  and  spends  the  second  act 
persuading  her  boss  to  grant  her  an  audition. 

"I  don't  think  either  of  us  has  ever  had  an 
experience  that  was  that  bad,"  Ellis  says.  "But 
we  did  draw  on  the  chaos  that  comes  along 
with  the  experience  of  being  an  intern,  mov- 
ing to  a  new  city,  having  to  run  everywhere 
but  not  knowing  where  you're  going." 

They  also  drew  on  their  experiences  deal- 
ing with  chaos.  A  few  weeks  before  opening 
night,  one  actress  dropped  out  of  the  show, 
and  Robertson  had  to  step  in  to  fill  the  role 
of  Olga,  an  office  employee.  Just  five  days  be- 
fore the  show  opened,  Robertson  and  Ellis 
invited  several  faculty  advisers  to  sit  in  on  a 
rehearsal  and  give  them  pointers.  One  of  the 
main  criticisms,  Robertson  says,  was  that  the 
finale,  a  solo  for  Lainie,  wasn't  "big  enough." 

Overnight,  Ellis  created  a  new  finale,  an  ^ 
ensemble  number.  "It  made  sense,"  she  says.  I 
"Over  months  of  writing,  the  show  had  grown  f 
to  be  about  the  entire  cast,  about  everyone 
in  the  office." 


High  expectations:  Aivin  Ailey 
Dance  Company  returns  to  ADF. 


his  summer,  the  American  Dance  Festival  celebrates  its  seventy-fifth  ; 

sary.  The  festival  will  take  place  on  Duke's  campus  from  June  5  to  July  20 

and  feature  sixty  dances.  Thirty-seven  companies  will  perform.  For  the  first 

time,  each  program  will  present  multiple  companies. 
The  lineup  for  this  year's  festival,  titled  "Split  Scenes,"  was  handpicked  by  orga- 
lizers  to  "reflect  the  history  of  modern  dance,"  says  festival  spokesperson  Concetta 
lean.  It  will  include  eleven  world  premieres,  as  well  as  reconstructions  of  classic 

pieces  dating  as  far 
back  as  1930. 

One  such  piece, 
a  version  of  Hanya 
Holm's  Jocose  origi- 
nally performed  in 
1984  by  the  Don  1 
lich  Dance  Company 
will  be  recreated  by 
ADF  dancers  under 
Redlich's  instructior 

The  festival  will 
conclude  with  a  serie 
of  programs  featuring 
Japanese  dance  com- 
panies. Each  will 
present  an  Americ 
premiere. 


't  say:  Japanese 
[ochuten  performs 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


CjcLZCttC 

RESEARCH  FRONTIERS 


Drought-resistant  Plants 

With  much  of  the  Southeastern 
U.S.  beset  by  drought,  a  team  of 
Duke  biologists  has  been  study- 
ing one  particularly  drought-re- 
sistant plant:  the  juniper. 

The  team,  led  by  Robert  Jackson,  a  pro- 
fessor of  global  environmental  change  and 
biology  at  the  Nicholas  School  of  the  Envi- 
ronment and  Earth  Sciences,  has  examined 
fourteen  species  of  juniper  from  the  U.S.  and 
the  Caribbean,  and  found  that  even  those 
species  that  thrive  in  the  mountains  of  Ja- 
maica and  generally  get  hundreds  of  inches 
of  rain  each  year  have  evolved  to  do  without. 


juniper  woodlands  of  the  Southwestern  U.S. 
but  left  the  junipers  relatively  unscathed." 

The  scientists  found  that  the  most  cavita- 
tion-resistant  species  of  juniper  is  the  Cal- 
ifornia juniper,  which  grows  in  California's 
Mojave  Desert;  the  least  resistant  is  the 
eastern  red  cedar,  the  most  widespread  con- 
ifer in  the  relatively  moist  eastern  U.S. 

Juniper  species  growing  in  wet  parts  of  the 
Caribbean  also  benefit  from  drought  toler- 
ance because  they  "tend  to  grow  in  shallow, 
rocky  soils  that  don't  hold  a  lot  of  water," 
Jackson  says.  The  research  team's  report  was 
published  online  in  the  American  Journal  of 
Botany.  Cynthia  Willson  Ph.D.  '06  was  lead 
author  of  the  report. 


Junipers'  ability  to  thrive  in  drier  climates 
appears  to  stem  from  a  key  structural  adapta- 
tion— a  resistance  to  "cavitation,"  the  ten- 
dency for  air  bubbles  to  form  in  plants'  xylem 
tissues,  which  are  responsible  for  carrying 
water  from  the  roots  up  through  the  leaves. 

In  particularly  dry  situations,  cavitation 
can  cause  a  plant  to  dry  out  and  die.  Jack- 
son's team  found  that  junipers'  xylem  tissues 
tend  to  be  reinforced  with  extra  woody 
material  that  prevents  them  from  rupturing 
and  letting  in  air  bubbles. 

Juniper  populations  have  been  expanding 
for  the  last  100  years  in  some  places,  "and 
drought  plays  a  role  in  that,"  Jackson  says. 
"For  example,  recent  droughts  have  deci- 
mated pinyon  pine  populations  in  pinyon- 


Stressful  Situation 

In  the  spring  of  2006,  Duke  researcher 
Laura  Smart  Richman  and  graduate 
student  Charles  Jonassaint  were  work- 
ing on  a  pilot  study  measuring  people's 
physiological  reaction  to  stress. 

One  day,  Jonassaint  A.M.  '06  came  into 
Richman's  office  and  sank  into  a  chair. 
"The  study  isn't  working  anymore,"  he  said. 
"What  do  you  mean?"  Richman  asked. 
Jonassaint  told  her  that  the  subjects'  "re- 
activity"— the  up-and-down  movement  of 
their  stress  levels — had  suddenly  stopped. 
He  wondered  whether  they  would  have  to 
end  the  experiment. 
Now  a  fifth-year  Ph.D.  student  in  psy- 


chology, Jonassaint  had  spent  months  de- 
signing the  study,  which  examined  whether 
a  strong  sense  of  racial  identity  protected 
people  from  the  effects  of  stress. 

The  participants — thirty-three  black  Duke 
undergraduates — were  divided  into  two 
groups.  One  group  watched  a  video  with 
positive  images  of  African-Americans  such 
as  Barack  Obama  and  Martin  Luther  King 
Jr.  The  other  group  watched  footage  of  a 
Duke  basketball  game  with  images  of  stu- 
dents cheering.  The  videos  were  intended 
to  "activate"  different  parts  of  the  subjects' 
identities.  After  watching  the  videos,  each 
student  was  asked  to  prepare  and  give  a  five- 
minute  speech. 

Throughout  the  speech,  the  subjects'  saliva 
was  tested  for  Cortisol,  a  hormone  secreted 
by  the  adrenal  glands  that  increases  when 
people  experience  stress.  Typically,  Cortisol 
levels  went  up  and  down  during  the  experi- 
ment: They  began  high  when  the  students 
walked  in,  then  fell,  then  shot  up  again  dur- 
ing the  speeches,  then  finally  sank  as  the 
subjects  relaxed  afterward. 

But  suddenly  that  movement  had  stopped. 
The  subjects  were  coming  in  with  high  stress 
levels,  and  the  levels  were  staying  high. 

Jonassaint  had  a  theory  about  why  this 
was  happening — that  the  high  stress  levels 
were  a  response  to  the  highly  publicized 
rape  accusations  leveled  by  a  black  woman 
against  white  members  of  the  Duke  lacrosse 
team.  The  players  were  eventually  exoner- 
ated, but  at  the  time  of  the  experiment,  the 
case  was  surrounded  with  negative  racial  and 
gender  overtones. 

"When  he  said  this,  bells  went  off,"  says 
Richman,  assistant  research  professor  in  the 
department  of  psychology  and  neuroscience. 
Her  research  focuses  on  how  perceptions  of 
discrimination  affect  individuals'  physiolog- 
ical, motivational,  and  emotional  processes. 
Although  affected  by  many  variables,  a  per- 
ception of  discrimination  has  been  found  to 
be  a  factor  in  wide-ranging  health  dispari- 
ties between  white  and  black  Americans. 

But  researchers  are  less  certain  exactly  how 
and  why  the  perceptions  lead  to  physical 
changes.  Far  from  stopping  the  study,  Rich- 
man  told  Jonassaint  she  wanted  to  keep  it 


May-Ju 


Gazette 


RESEARCH  FRONTIERS 


UPDATE 


"The  New  Game  Theory,"  Duke  Magazine,  November-December  2007 

astfall,  Duke  Magazine 

talked  with  researchers  who 
study  the  world  of  video 
games  as  a  cultural  phenom- 
enon, exploring  the  games'themes, 
characters,  and  narrative  structures. 
But  in  addition  to  providing  fodder 
for  scholarly  inquiry,  games  can  also 
serve  as  invaluable  training  tools  in 
an  academic  setting. 

Jeff  Taekman,  assistant  dean  for 
educational  technology  and  director 
of  the  Human  Simulation  and  Patient 
Safety  Center  at  Duke  Medical  Center, 
has  worked  with  videogame  devel- 
oper Virtual  Heroes  to  create  a  proto- 
type of  a  computer  program  that  he 
describes  as  a  "flight  simulator  for 
health-care  workers." 

Using  a  commercial  gaming 
engine,  they've  constructed  a  virtual 
hospital  where  instructors  can  run 
communication  and  teamwork  drills 
for  medical  and  nursing  students. 
Simulation  participants  are  assigned 
roles — physician,  nurse,  or  observ- 
er— and,  after  logging  into  the  sim- 
ulation, read  a  brief  description  of 
the  case.  The  pilot  scenario  features  a 
car  accident.  The  vehicle  rolled  two  to 
three  times.  The  driver  was  dead  at 
the  scene,  but  the  passenger,  a 
twenty-five-year-old  male,  is  being 
moved  to  the  hospital.  Estimated 
arrival:  two  minutes. 

Team  members  are  sent  to  the  vir- 
tual emergency  room.  They  maneu- 
ver using  a  mouse  and  interact  with 
the  virtual  patient — listening  to  his 
breathing,  checking  his  vital  signs  on 
a  bedside  monitor,  inserting  various 
needles  and  tubes— using  simple 
keystrokes.  They  speak  to  each  other 
through  headsets. 

Playing  the  "senior  physician "  in 
the  simulation,  Taekman  often 


throws  his  students  curveballs — 
by  ordering  them  to  insert  a  needle 
into  the  wrong  side  of  the  patient's 
chest,  for  example,  or  changing 
labels  on  blood  bags  to  show  that 
they've  expired — to  see  how  they 
respond.  Simulations  are  recorded 
and  reviewed  by  the  team  afterward. 

As  they  run  the  simulation, 
Taekman  and  his  team  are  develop- 
ing methods  to  assess  its  effective- 
ness as  a  training  tool.  They've 
found,  not  surprisingly,  that  younger 
generations  tend  to  be  most  com- 
fortable with  the  new  technology. 

The  virtual  training  program  is 
currently  run  in  a  computer  lab 
directly  across  the  hall  from  the 
medical  center's  real  simulation  lab, 
which  features  hundreds  of  thou- 
sands of  dollars'  worth  of  man- 
nequins and  medical  equipment. 
According  to  Taekman,  it  offers  sever- 
al potential  advantages  over  its  old- 
school  counterpart.  It's  cheaper.  It's 
flexible — developers  can  create 


endless  scenarios.  It  can  accommo- 
date larger  teams  of  users,  who  can 
log  in  from  afar.  And,  as  scenarios  are 
expanded,  it  has  potential  applica- 
tions in  large-scale  disaster  pre- 
paredness. 

Of  course,  the  virtual  hospital 
won't  replace  the  old  simulation  cen- 
ter, at  least  not  until  haptics  technol- 
ogy, which  integrates  the  sense  of 
touch,  improves  significantly.  But  as 
far  as  teamwork  and  communication 
training  sessions  go,  Taekman  notes, 
"It's  definitely  more  engaging  than  a 
lecture." 


-Jacob  Dagger 


going  and  document  what  was  happening. 

Previous  studies  found  that  individuals 
with  a  strong  sense  of  racial  identity  suffer 
less  from  the  health  effects  of  discrimina- 
tion, perhaps  because  they  feel  they  have 
more  social  support  during  stressful  times. 

Richman  and  Jonassaint  began  analyzing 
their  data  in  new  ways,  dividing  the  partici- 
pants into  pre-  and  post-  "incident"  groups, 
using  April  3,  2006 — roughly  when  news 
about  the  accusations  began  to  dominate 
the  local  headlines — as  the  dividing  line. 

The  new  analyses  confirmed  Jonassaint 's 
theory:  The  post-incident  group  had  higher 
levels  of  Cortisol,  with  very  little  change 
during  the  experiment.  While  the  pre-inci- 
dent  group  had  a  baseline  reading  of  4.6 
nanograms  per  milliliter  that  jumped  to  6.0 
during  the  videos  of  speeches,  the  level  for 
the  post-incident  group  hovered  higher,  at 
around  7.1. 

The  effects  were  most  pronounced  for 
women,  and  students  who  watched  the  ra- 
cial-identity video  no  longer  showed  results 
indicating  that  the  video  ameliorated  the 
effects  of  stress. 

Wake-Up  Call  on  Sleep 

Poor  sleep  may  be  more  harmful  to 
women  than  to  men,  according  to  a 
new  study  by  Duke  Medical  Center 
researchers.  Poor  sleepers  may  have 
trouble  falling  asleep,  awaken  frequently 
during  the  night,  or  both. 

The  study,  which  appears  online  in  the 
journal  Brain,  Behavior  and  Immunity,  indi- 
cates that,  for  both  men  and  women,  poor 
sleep  is  associated  with  greater  psychologi- 
cal distress  as  well  as  higher  levels  of  bio- 
markers  that  indicate  an  elevated  risk  of 
heart  disease  and  type  2  diabetes.  But  it  also 
shows  that  those  associations  are  signifi- 
cantly stronger  in  women. 

The  researchers  focused  on  a  sample  of 
210  apparently  healthy,  middle-aged  men 
and  women  without  any  history  of  sleep  dis- 
orders. None  smoked  or  took  any  medica- 
tions on  a  daily  basis,  and  investigators  ex-  | 
eluded  any  women  who  were  on  hormone  J 
therapy,  which  some  studies  have  shown  I 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


InFc 


PIECES  OF  THE  PAST 

The  Duke  Databank  of  Documentary  Papyri  contains  some 
1,400  papyrus  texts  dating  back  to  antiquity.  These  include 
sales  receipts,  marriage  contracts,  police  communiques,  magic 
spells,  and  tax  documents,  records  that  "shed  light  on  many 
corners  of  antiquity,  which  would  otherwise  be  in  neartotal  darkness," 
says  Joshua  Sosin  Ph.D.  '00,  associate  professor  of  classical  studies  and 
the  databank's  director. 

Under  one  contract  from  the  sixth  century,  a  wife  grants  use  of  a 
piece  of  property  she  owns  to  her  husband,  provided  he  remains  faith- 
ful. The  property  is  a  monastery.  "This  shows  that  church  property  is 
subject,  at  least  in  part,  to  private  ownership,  which  is  really  interesting," 
Sosin  says.  "It  also  says  something  about  the  legal,  social,  and  economic 
rights  of  women." 

The  entire  collection  has  been  digitized  and  loaded  to  the  Web,  a 
move  that  Sosin  says  is  essential  not  only  to  its  accessibility,  but  also  its 
ultimate  preservation.  When  papyri  scraps,  many  of  which  have  been 
sealed  in  mummy  casings  or  buried,  are  exposed  to  air  and  light,  their 
ink  begins  to  break  down.  "In  conserving  a  work,"Sosin  says,  "you 
doom  it  to  predictable  deterioration." 


Gazette 

RESEARCH  FRONTIERS 


to  alter  sleep  patterns  in  some  women. 

Using  a  standardized  sleep-quality  ques- 
tionnaire, participants  rated  various  dimen- 
sions of  their  sleep  over  the  previous  month. 
Additional  measures  assessed  the  extent  of 
any  depression,  anger,  hostility,  and  perceived 
social  support  from  friends  and  family. 

Blood  samples  taken  from  the  volunteers 
were  measured  for  levels  of  hiomarkers  asso- 
ciated with  an  increased  risk  of  heart  disease 
and  diabetes,  including  insulin  and  glucose 
levels,  fibrinogen  (a  clotting  factor),  and 
two  inflammatory  proteins  known  as  C- 
reactive  protein  and  interleukin-6. 

The  researchers  found  that  about  40  per- 
cent of  the  men  and  the  women  were  classi- 
fied as  poor  sleepers,  which  they  defined  as 
having  frequent  problems  falling  asleep, 
taking  thirty  or  more  minutes  to  fall  asleep, 
or  awakening  frequently  during  the  night. 
But  while  their  sleep  quality  ratings  were 
similar,  men  and  women  had  dramatically 
different  risk  profiles. 

"We  found  that  for  women,  poor  sleep  is 
strongly  associated  with  high  levels  of  psy- 
chological distress  and  greater  feelings  of 


hostility,  depression,  and  anger,"  says  Edward 
Suarez,  an  associate  professor  in  the  depart- 
ment of  psychiatry  and  behavioral  sciences 
and  the  lead  author  of  the  study.  "In  con- 
trast, these  feelings  were  not  associated  with 
the  same  degree  of  sleep  disruption  in  men." 
Women  who  reported  higher  degrees  of 
sleep  disruption  also  had  higher  levels  of  all 


the  biomarkers  tested.  The  results  were  so 
dramatic  that  of  those  women  considered 
poor  sleepers,  33  percent  had  C-reactive 
protein  levels  associated  with  high  risk  of 
heart  disease,  Suarez  says. 

"Interestingly,  it  appears  that  it's  not  so 
much  the  overall  poor  sleep  quality  that  was 
associated  with  greater  risk,  but  rather  the 
length  of  time  it  takes  a  person  to  fall  asleep 
that  takes  the  highest  toll,"  Suarez  says. 
"Women  who  reported  taking  a  half  an  hour 
or  more  to  fall  asleep  showed  the  worst  risk 
profile." 

Baboon  Quality  Time 

Polygamous  baboon  fathers  get  more 
grandchildren  if  they  spend  a  little 
time  with  their  children  during  their 
juvenile  years,  according  to  research 
conducted  by  scientists  at  Duke  and  Prince- 
ton universities. 

The  findings,  in  studies  of  social  group- 
ings of  yellow  baboons  living  at  the  foot  of 
Africa's  Mt.  Kilimanjaro,  were  unexpected 
in  "multi-male"  animal  societies  where  both 
genders  have  multiple  partners  and  mature 
males  were  thought  to  focus  their  energies 
almost  solely  on  mating. 

"In  such  societies,  the  scientific  dogma  has 
very  much  been  that  males  do  not  contri- 
bute to  their  offspring's  fitness,"  says  Susan  Al- 
berts, associate  professor  of  biology  at  Duke. 
"They're  not  supposed  to  be  engaged  in  a  level 
of  care  that  would  make  any  difference." 

In  a  study  appearing  in  the  online  edition 
of  the  Proceedings  of  the  National  Academy  of 
Sciences  (PNAS),  Alberts  and  her  colleagues 
reported  that  the  more  time  fathers  spent 
iving  with  their  young  daughters,  the  earli- 
er the  daughters  reached  menarche,  the  on- 
set of  menstruation.  "A  female  who  can  start 
earlier  has  a  longer  reproductive  life,"  ex- 
plains Alberts,  the  report's  senior  author. 
"So  starting  out  early  is  good." 

The  study  follows  up  on  a  2003  report  by 
Alberts  and  others  in  the  journal  Nature. 
That  report  described  evidence  that  yellow 
baboon  males  at  the  Amboseli  basin  re- 
search site  in  Kenya  could  recognize  their 
own  offspring  and  also  exhibited  paternal 


care  by  supporting  their  own  sons  and 
daughters  in  disputes  with  other  juveniles. 

The  2008  PNAS  report  used  thirty  years 
of  field  observations  and  genetic  data  on 
118  youthful  yellow  baboons  and  their  known 
fathers  to  assess  how  paternal  presence  af- 
fected offspring  fitness.  As  the  most  easily 
accessible  measure  of  long-term  fitness,  the 
researchers  investigated  how  soon  a  father's 
offspring  reached  sexual  maturity. 

After  separating  out  confounding  factors 
such  as  the  natural  fitness  advantages  chil- 
dren of  high-ranking  mothers  gain  in  matri- 
archal baboon  societies,  the  authors  found 
that  fatherly  presence  itself  gives  offspring  a 
jump-start  on  reproduction — most  striking- 
ly females. 

The  authors  added  that  "sons  also  experi- 
enced accelerated  maturation  if  their  father 
was  present  during  their  immature  period, 
but  only  if  their  father  was  high-ranking  at 
the  time  of  their  birth." 

They  acknowledged  that  the  finding  for 
sons  was  a  "puzzle,"  but  hypothesized  that 
young  female  and  male  baboons  face  differ- 
ent challenges.  "For  young  females,  because 


«.  -3k 


their  major  opponents  in  life  are  adult  fe- 
males and  fellow  juveniles,  the  presence  of 
any  adult  male  may  be  helpful,"  Alberts  says. 
"But  for  maturing  sons,  it  may  be  that  it's 
not  really  the  females  they're  dealing  with; 
it's  the  adult  males  they  have  to  worry  about. 
And  in  that  case,  only  the  presence  of  a 
high-ranking  dad  would  be  helpful." 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


STUDENT  SNAPSHOT 


Brendan  Nyhan,  analyzing  political  spin 


As  experts  in  highly  special- 
ized fields  of  study,  scholars 
can  run  the  risk  of  fading 
i  into  obscurity— they 
become  experts  in  Esperanto  drama 
or  operator  algebras,  and  their  work 
goes  unnoticed  except  by  a  handful 
of  reviewers  or  like-minded  peers. 
Brendan  Nyhan  has  avoided  this  fate. 
A  fifth-year  graduate  student  in 
political  science,  the  California  native 
already  has  a  best-selling  book  under 
his  belt  and  has  earned  thousands  of 
readers  as  a  political  blogger. 

In  2001,  Nyhan  and  friends  Ben 
Fritz  and  Bryan  Keefer  co-founded 
Spinsanity.com,  a  blog  with  the  self- 
proclaimed  goal  of  "unspinning  mis- 
leading claims  from  politicians,  pun- 
dits, and  the  press."  The  subject  was 
close  to  Nyhan's  heart.  After  graduat- 
ing from  Swarthmore  College  with 
high  honors  in  2000,  he  had  joined 
Nevada  Democrat  Ed  Bernstein's 


Senate  campaign  as  deputy  commu- 
nications director.  Bernstein  lost  the 
election;  Nyhan  came  away  from  the 
experience  "shocked  by  how  bad  the 
[media]  coverage  was  "and  deter- 
mined to  scratch  beneath  the  surface 
of  political  spin. 

Spinsanity  took  off  quickly.  Until 
he  enrolled  at  Duke  as  a  James  B. 
Duke  Fellow  in  2003,  Nyhan  support- 
ed himself  as  a  consultant  to  Bene- 
tech,  a  nonprofit  that  uses  technolo- 
gy to  address  social  issues. 

On  the  side,  he  and  his  co-editors 
used  Spinsanity  to  debunk  pervasive 
myths,  such  as  the  story  that  Enron's 
Ken  Lay  spent  a  night  at  the  Clinton 
White  House  or  the  yarn  that  the 
National  Education  Association 
suggested  teachers  not  blame  al 
Qaeda  for  the  September  1 1  terrorist 
attacks. 

Yet  the  site  earned  recognition  for 
criticizing  the  Bush  administration 


during  the  early,  disorienting  years  of 
the  "War  on  Terror." 

"After  September  11, 2001,  Presi- 
dent Bush's  popularity  skyrocketed, 
and  critical  stories  got  little  play," 
Nyhan  says.  "He  got  one  to  two  years 
of  almost  political  immunity.  We  felt 
like  we  were  shouting  into  the 
void — no  one  was  covering  this." 

Journalists  began  to  pay  attention 
to  Spinsanity.  At  its  peak  in  2004,  the 
site  was  averaging  15,000  visits  a  day 
and  served  as  a  primary  resource  for 
columnists  such  as  The  Washington 
Posts  Dana  Milbank.  Nyhan  and  his 
co-editors  were  asked  to  write 
columns  for  Salon.com  and  the 
Philadelphia  Inquirer;  the  trio  also 
gave  more  than  fifty  radio  and  televi- 
sion interviews,  including  an  appear- 
ance on  Comedy  Central's  The  Daily 
Show  with  Jon  Stewart.  Nyhan  him- 
self was  invited  onto  Alan  Colmes' 
Fox  News  Radio  show  in  August 


2004,  even  though  two  years  earlier, 
Spinsanity  had  dismissed  Colmes  as 
Sean  Hannity's  "timid"  liberal  foil. 

The  culmination  of  the  project 
was  a  book— All  The  President's  Spin: 
George  W.  Bush,  the  Media  and  the 
Truth — that  was  co-authored  by 
Fritz,  Keefer,  and  Nyhan  and  that 
reached  the  fourteenth  spot  on 
The  New  York  Times  paperback  best- 
seller list. 

Yet  after  the  2004  election,  the 
Spinsanity  team  closed  up  shop. 
Nyhan  describes  the  project  as  "a 
second  job  that  paid  ten  cents  an 
hour,  so  it  was  a  little  hard  to  carry 
on,"  although  it  did  have  a  major 
effect  on  his  research  at  Duke. 

"One  thing  I  was  struck  by  when  I 
was  working  on  Spinsanity  was  the 
extent  to  which  established  facts 
did  not  dominate  the  discourse," 
Nyhan  says.  "Whether  a  scandal  took 
place  had  more  to  do  with  the  politi- 
cal circumstances  than  with  the 
objective  facts." 

In  his  current  research,  he  studies 
how  the  party  composition  of  Con- 
gress affects  the  traction  of  presi- 
dential scandals.  Meanwhile,  he  con- 
tinues to  blog  solo  at  brendan-nyhan. 
com,  a  site  he  estimates  pulls  in  an 
average  of  1,000  visits  a  day.  "I  want 
to  stay  active  in  speaking  publicly 
about  politics  and  writing  about 
politics,"  Nyhan  says.'l  think  aca- 
demics should  be  involved  in  the 
public  debate  more,  and  I  think 
political  scientists  have  been  less 
prominent  than  they  should  be." 


May-June  2008         23 


In  Brief 

^  R.  Alison  Adcock,  assistant  professor 
of  psychiatry  and  behavioral  science;  Vin- 
cent Conitzer,  assistant  professor  of  com- 
puter science  and  economics;  Katherine 
Franz,  assistant  professor  of  chemistry; 
and  Mauro  Maggioni,  assistant  professor 
of  mathematics  and  computer  science,  are 
among  118  scholars  recently  named  Re- 
search Fellows  by  the  Alfred  P.  Sloan 
Foundation.  The  fellowship  program  hon- 
ors faculty  members  who  conduct  re- 
search at  the  frontiers  of  chemistry,  com- 
puter science,  economics,  mathematics, 
neuroscience,  physics,  and  computational 
and  evolutionary  molecular  biology. 

V  Anjali  Bhatia,  a  sophomore,  received 
a  National  Award  for  Citizen  Diplomacy 
from  the  U.S.  Center  for  Citizen  Diplo- 
macy for  founding  Discover  Worlds,  a  non- 
profit aimed  at  getting  students  involved 
in  global  issues.  The  organization,  which 
she  founded  at  age  sixteen,  encourages 
high-school  and  university  students  to 
raise  public  awareness  of  domestic  and  in- 
ternational issues. 

^  Romit  Roy  Choudhury,  assistant  pro- 
fessor of  electrical  and  computer  engi- 
neering and  computer  science,  has  re- 
ceived a  five-year,  $437,000  National  Sci- 
ence Foundation  Early  CAREER  Award. 
The  award  recognizes  and  supports  the 
early  career  development  activities  of 
teacher-scholars  likely  to  become  acade- 
mic leaders.  Choudhury's  research  inter- 
ests include  wireless  networking,  mobile 
computing,  and  distributed  systems. 

^  Mike  Krzyzewski,  head  coach  of  the 
men's  basketball  team,  earned  his  800th 
career  win  in  an  early-March  game  against 
North  Carolina  State  University.  He  is  the 
sixth  Division  I  men's  coach  to  win  800 
games. 

^  Timothy  Lenoir,  Kimberly  J.  Jenkins 
Chair  of  new  technologies  and  society, 
has  been  awarded  a  $238,000  grant  from 
the  John  D.  and  Catherine  T  MacArthur 
Foundation  for  a  project  to  transform  an 


existing  military  simulation  into  a  hu- 
manitarian-assistance video  game.  The 
proposal  was  one  of  seventeen  projects 
that  will  receive  funding  as  part  of  the 
first  Digital  Media  and  Learning  Compe- 
tition, funded  by  the  MacArthur  Founda- 
tion and  administered  by  the  Humanities, 
Arts,  Science  and  Technology  Advanced 
Collaboratory. 

^  The  East  Campus  Science  Building, 
which  formerly  housed  Duke's  art  muse- 
um, has  been  renamed  in  honor  of  long- 
time faculty  member  Ernestine  Friedl. 
Friedl,  James  B.  Duke  Professor  Emerita  of 
cultural  anthropology,  came  to  Duke  in 
1973  to  chair  the  newly  formed  depart- 
ment of  cultural  anthropology.  She  served 
as  the  first  female  dean  of  Trinity  College 
and  the  faculty  of  arts  and  sciences  from 
1980  to  1985.  During  her  tenure  as  dean, 
the  women's  studies  program  at  Duke  was 
established.  The  Ernestine  Friedl  Building 
houses  the  departments  of  African  6k  Af- 
rican American  studies  and  cultural  an- 
thropology, the  programs  in  literature  and 
Latino/a  Studies,  the  Institute  for  Critical 
U.S.  Studies,  the  Institute  for  Critical  The- 
ory, and  the  Duke  Human  Rights  Center. 

^  The  Nicholas  School  of  the  Environ- 
ment and  Earth  Sciences  has  established  a 
new  Ph.D.  program  in  marine  science  and 
conservation. 

if  The  Office  of  Information  Technol- 
ogy has  announced  plans  to  improve 
Duke's  wireless  Internet  services.  By  the 
end  of  the  year,  Duke  will  boast  six  mil- 
lion square  feet  of  wireless  coverage  at  the 
industry's  new  802.1  In  network  standard, 
which  offers  users  up  to  five  times  the 
bandwidth  of  the  previous  service. 

^  The  School  of  Nursing  has  launched 
the  Duke  Center  of  Excellence  in  Geriat- 
ric Nursing  Education  aimed  at  increasing 
the  number  of  nursing  faculty  members 
with  geriatrics  proficiency,  addressing  the 
shortage  of  clinical  instructors  with  geri- 
atrics proficiency,  and  developing  an  on- 
line community  and  knowledge  base  for 
these  educators. 


Athletes  in  Training— 
As  Future  Doctors 

The  first  time  Johanna  Bischof  '05, 
M.D.  '10  examined  a  brain-tumor  pa- 
tient, she  was  shaking  with  nervous- 
ness— she  was  also  still  an  undergrad- 
uate. "You  don't  know  what  you're  supposed 
to  say.  You're  in  this  room  with  someone 
who  most  likely  has  a  life-threatening  ter- 
minal illness,"  she  remembers.  "I'd  go  in 
there  wrapped  up  in  my  college  world  of 
sports  and  academics,  and  I'd  walk  out  with 
a  completely  different  mindset." 

In  the  fall  of  2004,  while  she  was  prepar- 
ing to  apply  to  medical  school,  the  former 
Duke  field-hockey  player  performed  physi- 
cal examinations  and  collected  patient  his- 

CAPE  serves  forty-eight 
undergraduates,  has  its  own 
staff  director  and  twenty-six- 
member  advisory 
board,  and  func- 
tions as  a  major 
recruiting  tool  for 
Duke's  athletics 
department. 


Outstanding  in  their  fields: 
athlete-scholars  Beasley 

and  Bischof,  from  left,  with 
mentor  Henry  Friedman. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Sports 


tories  as  one  of  the  first  participants  in  the 
Collegiate  Athlete  Pre-Medical  Experience 
(CAPE),  America's  only  premedical  men- 
toring program  for  female  student-athletes. 
CAPE  has  its  origins  in  a  mentoring  rela- 
tionship that  began  in  1999  between  Geor- 
gia Schweitzer,  then  a  sophomore  basket- 
ball player,  and  Henry  Friedman,  the  James 
B.  Powell  Jr.  Professor  of  neuro-oncology  at 
Duke  Medical  Center.  Today,  Georgia 
Schweitzer  Beasley  '01,  M.D.  '08  is  a  newly 
minted  graduate  of  Duke's  medical  school 
preparing  to  begin  a  surgical  residency  at 
Duke,  and  Friedman,  her  mentor,  is  the 
founding  co-director  of  CAPE,  which  serves 
forty-eight  undergraduates,  has  its  own  staff 
director  and  twenty-six-member  advisory 
board,  and  functions  as  a  major  recruiting 
tool  for  Duke's  athletics  department. 
(CAPE's  other  co-director,  Allan  Friedman 
— no  relation  to  Henry — is  Guy  L.  Odom 
Professor  of  neurological  surgery  at  the 
medical  center.)  "We  didn't  predict  it  to  be 
this  size  when  we  began,"  says  Friedman, 
who  is  the  deputy  director  of  the  Preston 
Robert  Tisch  Brain  Tumor  Center.  "We  didn't 


anticipate  the  unique  reception  we  would 
be  given." 

Thirty  of  CAPE's  students  are  female  var- 
sity athletes;  the  program  attracts  a  dispro- 
portionate number  of  swimmers  and  la- 
crosse players,  says  CAPE  associate  director 
Terry  Kruger.  The  remaining  participants 
are  a  combination  of  Baldwin  Scholars  and 
several  male  students  who  "got  in  through  a 
variety  of  connections,"  Friedman  says.  Stu- 
dents can  enter  the  program  beginning  in 
the  fall  of  their  sophomore  year,  and  they 
spend  their  first  semester  shadowing  physi- 
cians, performing  new-patient  consulta- 
tions, and  observing  craniotomies  at  the 
Tisch  Brain  Tumor  Center.  Other  activities 
include  dinners  with  female  medical  stu- 
dents and  physicians,  a  yearly  lecture  by 
Sandy  Williams  M.D.  74,  dean  of  the  med- 
ical school,  and  a  monthly  journal  club, 
where  CAPE  students  discuss  articles  relat- 
ed to  medical  ethics  and  the  art  of  balanc- 
ing a  medical  career  with  raising  a  family. 

Coaches  are  aware  of  CAPE's  drawing 
power  for  female  athletes.  "It's  an  amazing 
recruiting  tool,  because  if  you're  premed 


and  you're  already  looking  at  Duke,  you  have 
good  grades,  time-management  skills,  and 
you're  a  good  athlete,"  Friedman  says.  "But 
Duke  is  the  only  place  that  has  a  program 
like  this."  He  and  Kruger  are  often  asked  to 
meet  with  top  athletes  during  their  recruit- 
ing visits.  One  such  recruit  was  Kimberly 
Imbesi,  now  a  Duke  junior  and  the  starting 
goalie  on  the  women's  lacrosse  team.  As  a 
high-school  All-American  out  of  Bridge- 
town, New  Jersey,  Imbesi  narrowed  her  col- 
lege choices  to  Georgetown  and  Duke,  both 
powerhouses  in  women's  lacrosse. 

"On  my  recruiting  visit,  I  actually  met  with 
Dr.  Friedman  and  one  of  the  physician  assis- 
tants, and  it  was  one  of  my  deciding  factors 
to  come  here,"  Imbesi  says.  Since  entering 
CAPE,  Imbesi  has  helped  neurosurgeons  ex- 
amine patients  and  has  traveled  to  Guate- 
mala with  two  other  students  on  a  medical 
mission  trip  last  summer.  This  year,  she  will 
return  to  Guatemala  with  Kruger,  seven  ad- 
ditional CAPE  protegees,  and  Kathryn  An- 
dolsek,  a  physician  who  is  associate  director 
of  graduate  medical  education  at  the  med- 
ical school.  The  Guatemala  mission  will 
=  continue  growing,  Kruger  says,  until  "little 
5  by  little  we'll  get  there,  and  it  will  be  run 
"'  entirely  by  CAPE  kids." 

CAPE's  biggest  challenge  has  been  find- 
ing financial  support.  The  program  relies 
entirely  on  funding  from  parents,  anony- 
mous donors  (including  a  current  patient  at 
the  Tisch  Brain  Tumor  Center),  and  the  Tug 
McGraw  Foundation.  "We  have  no  sustained 
funding  from  anywhere,"  Friedman  says. 
"Not  Duke,  not  the  athletics  department." 
Despite  these  challenges,  Beasley  claims  she 
has  not  been  surprised  by  CAPE's  success 
"with  someone  like  Henry  behind  it."  Fried- 
man's first  CAPE  apprentice  has  stayed 
involved  with  the  program,  attending  the 
journal  club  and  advising  current  under- 
graduates. "The  most  rewarding  part  of  it  is 
there  are  several  CAPE  graduates  who  are 
in  Duke  Medical  School  now,"  Beasley  says. 
"I'm  sort  of  their  unofficial  adviser  in  terms 
of  tests  and  books." 

— ]ared  Mueller 


May-June  2008 


Campus  Observer 


Smart  Living 


Tim  Gu  and  Lee  Pearson,  both  resi- 
dents of  Duke's  new  Home  Depot 
Smart  Home,  have  just  finished  eat- 
ing lunch.  The  two  load  plates  and 
cups  into  the  dishwasher  as,  around  the 
kitchen  table,  several  of  their  housemates 
sit  chatting.  Tim's  brother,  Mark,  heads  off 
to  his  room.  He  returns  with  a  textbook  and 
notes  from  an  engineering  course  and  set- 
tles in  for  an  afternoon  of  studying. 

All  of  a  sudden,  a  group  of  strangers  ma- 
terializes in  the  doorway.  Mark  is  first  to  his 
feet,  and  greets  the  group,  who  turn  out 
to  be  a  first-year  student  and  his  family, 
here  visiting  for  the  weekend.  Like  count- 
less others  before  them,  they've  dropped  in 
hoping  to  get  a  tour  of  the  campus'  hippest 
new  residence  hall/laboratory/technology 
showcase. 

Though  the  official  weekly  tour  was  yes- 
terday, Mark  is  happy  to  oblige. 

"This  happens  all  the  time,"  explains  jun- 
ior Katie  Beck,  looking  on  as  Mark  launch- 
es into  a  spiel  that  has  become  second  na- 
ture for  the  home's  ten  residents.  "People 
come  in  and  look  around.  We're  used  to  be- 
ing in  our  PJs  and  not  being  embarrassed." 
They  just  go  about  their  lives. 

The  house's  inaugural  residents,  who 
moved  in  the  second  week  of  January,  can't 
blame  visitors  for  being  enthralled  with 
their  new  home.  After  all,  it  boasts  the  lat- 
est green  technologies. 

The  standard  tour  includes  explanations 
about  the  home's  flooring — a  combination 
of  gray  carpeting,  consisting  largely  of  recy- 
cled plastic,  and  cork,  a  renewable  resource; 
its  kitchen  appliances — Energy  Star  certi- 
fied, with  a  flat-screen  television  in  the  re- 
frigerator door;  and  its  technological  "wow" 
factor — there  are  150  Internet  ports  in  the 
6,000-square-foot  house. 

The  first  stop  is  the  media  room,  a  small- 
ish space  with  whitewashed  walls  with  three 
additional  flat-screen  televisions,  ranging  in 
size  from  thirty-seven  to  forty-seven  inches, 
each  with  a  headphone  jack  so  that  viewers 
can  watch  movies  or  play  video  games  with- 
out disrupting  other  residents.  All  of  the 


televisions  are  LCD,  which  Mark  notes  is 
more  energy-efficient  than  plasma. 

He  leads  the  visitors  back  out  into  the  kit- 
chen, with  its  two-story  ceiling  and  boun- 
tiful natural  light,  and  points  out  the  home's 
two  first-floor  lab  spaces.  One  visitor  asks 
about  the  tiny  holes  in  the  ceilings  of  the 
labs  and  the  media  room,  through  which 
wires  and  pipes  are  easily  visible.  Mark  says 
that  the  panels  were  designed  so  that  resi- 
dents/engineers can  easily  remove  them  and 
tinker  with  the  house's  wiring.  "This  is  not  a 
demo  house,"  he  explains.  "It  is  a  live-in  lab." 

In  stocking  feet,  Mark  pads  up  the  front 
staircase,  visitors  in  tow.  From  above,  they 
look  back  down  on  the  kitchen.  He  points 
out  a  large  exhaust  fan  that  can  circulate 
1 2,000  cubic  feet  of  air  per  minute. 

He  leads  his  visitors  out  onto  the  house's 
small,  second-floor  balcony  to  get  a  close 
look  at  a  few  of  its  eighteen  solar  panels, 
mounted  on  a  railing.  The  panels,  glimmer- 
ing black  and  blue  in  the  early  afternoon 
sunlight,  provide  20  to  30  percent  of  the 
home's  electricity  and  also  heat  much  of  its 
water.  The  visitors  stand  on  tiptoe  and  look 
upward,  hoping  to  get  a  glance  at  the  roof 
planted  with  ten  species  of  mosses  arid  se- 
dums,  which  provide  natural  insulation, 
cool  the  house  in  the  summer  through  evap- 
oration, and  channel  rain  water  into  hold- 
ing tanks  to  be  used  later  to  flush  toilets  and 
water  the  yard. 

In  addition  to  showcasing  commercially 
available  products  like  solar  panels  and  ex- 
haust fans,  the  Smart  Home  project  shows 
off  students'  ingenuity  through  research  and 
design  projects.  The  idea  for  the  house  itself 
stemmed  from  an  honors  thesis  on  "the  home 
of  the  future"  written  by  Mark  Younger  '03, 
an  electrical  and  computer  engineering  grad. 
When  Younger  presented  his  project  in  the 
spring  of  his  senior  year,  administrators  at 
the  Pratt  School  of  Engineering  were  so 
impressed  by  the  idea,  they  decided  to  make 
it  a  reality.  They  hired  Younger  to  oversee 
the  project. 

Currently,  there  are  more  than  eighty  stu- 
dents— the  home's  ten  residents  among 
them — involved  in  seventeen  smart-home- 
affiliated  projects. 


"The  idea  is  to  have  all  of 
these  people  continually 
working  to  make  life  in 
the  Smart  Home  better 
or  more  efficient,  or  both," 
Rose  says. 

Some  are  surprisingly  simple.  One  student 
is  monitoring  the  amount  of  organic  mate- 
rials the  residents  are  composting  in  order 
to  get  a  better  idea  of  how  much  waste  is  be- 
ing saved  from  the  landfill.  Literally  speaking, 
he  weighs  residents'  food  waste  and  keeps  a 
record  of  it. 

Other  projects  are  more  complex.  One 
group  of  students  is  working  on  a  hot- water 
recovery  system  for  the  bathroom  that  would 
capture  some  of  the  heat  from  water  going 
down  the  shower  drain  and  transfer  it  to 
cold  water  coming  in. 

Adam  Dixon,  a  junior  who  lives  in  the 
Smart  Home,  is  leading  another  team  that, 
as  part  of  a  design  competition,  is  working 
to  create  a  system  that  will  do  a  better  job  of 
monitoring  the  power  being  generated  by 
the  house's  solar  panels  than  existing,  com- 
mercially available  systems.  The  home's  cur- 
rent monitoring  system,  which  retails  for 
several  thousand  dollars,  has  some  perform- 
ance issues.  For  example,  it  often  indicates 
that  solar  energy  is  being  collected  at  night. 

Dixon  and  his  team  believe  that  they  can 
create  a  device  using  a  few  cheap  sensors 
and  a  plastic  casing  that  will  monitor  and 
transmit  much  more  accurate  data  to  a  home 
computer.  If  their  design  is  a  success,  Dixon 
says  that  he  may  follow  the  example  set  by 
Tim  Gu,  who  last  year  worked  with  a  Char- 
lotte company  to  develop  the  solar  panels 
that  create  electricity  and  heat  water  simul- 
taneously. Gu  and  his  collaborators  are  now 
in  the  process  of  filing  for  a  patent  and 
bringing  the  panel  to  market. 

"The  idea  is  to  have  all  of  these  people  con- 
tinually working  to  make  life  in  the  Smart 
Home  better  or  more  efficient,  or  both,"  says 
Tom  Rose  '05,  who  took  over  from  Younger 
two  years  ago  as  the  Smart  Home's  director. 
Some  of  these  projects  may  end  up  being 
commercially  viable.  But  others  are  simply 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Coming  through:  Smart  Home  residents  are 
accustomed  to  the  frequent  tours  and  drop-in  guests. 


for  fun.  The  attitude  seems  to  be,  why  not 
try  it  and  see  what  happens? 

Rose  says  that  sometimes  visitors  are  dis- 
appointed to  find  that  the  home,  while 
packed  with  neat,  environmentally  friendly 
technology,  does  not  have  what  he  calls 
"the  holy  grail  home  automation  system." 
But  that's  not  to  say  they  aren't  trying.  One 
group  of  students  is  exploring  the  possibility 
of  installing  a  microphone  in  the  wall  that, 
when  connected  to  a  computer,  would  use 
voice-recognition  technology  in  order  to 
comply  with  residents'  spoken  requests  for 
weather  forecasts,  iTunes  songs,  and  dic- 
tionary definitions. 

The  students  who  live  in  the  house  are  se- 
lected, at  least  in  part,  based  on  the  project 
ideas  they  submit  during  the  application 
process.  In  selecting  residents,  Rose  says  that  a 
committee  tries  to  achieve  diversity  in  terms 
of  both  gender  and  academic  discipline. 

The  home's  inaugural  crop  of  residents 
consists  of  six  men  and  four  women.  Eight 
are  engineers.  Many,  like  the  Gus — Tim  cur- 


rently serves  as  president  of  the  home,  and 
Mark,  a  VP — have  been  involved  in  the 
project  since  they  first  came  to  campus. 
Others  have  become  involved  more  recent- 
ly. Beck,  an  international  comparative  stud- 
ies and  political  science  double-major  who 
is  working  on  a  science  and  technology  edu- 
cation project  aimed  at  elementary  and  mid- 
dle schools,  was  inspired  to  live  in  the  home 
by  her  father  and  uncle,  who  both  majored 
in  engineering  at  Duke.  Both  were  plugged 
into  the  Smart  Home  project  early  and 
talked  about  it  frequently. 

When  Beck's  father  dropped  her  off  at 
the  beginning  of  her  freshman  year,  she  re- 
calls, he  insisted  on  driving  down  Faber 
Street,  behind  the  Freeman  Center  for  Jew- 
ish Life,  and  stopping  near  an  open  field  at 
the  corner  of  Powe  Street.  "This  is  where  it's 
going  to  be,"  he  told  her  in  solemn  tones. 

The  site  she  now  calls  home  is  a  popular 
one,  and  residents  are  good  about  opening 
it  to  the  public.  Pearson,  a  senior  and  the 
Smart  Home's  house  manager,  is  in  charge 
of  scheduling  biweekly  social  events.  A  pot- 
luck  dinner  for  neighbors  held  in  mid- 
February  was  sparsely  attended,  but  other 


events — a  jazz  concert,  a  fundraiser  for  a  fel- 
low student's  foundation,  several  informal 
receptions  and  parties — have  brought  large 
crowds. 

And  then  there  are  the  tours.  Various 
VIP  groups,  including  the  board  of  trustees, 
the  Duke  Alumni  Association  board,  and 
visiting  scholars  from  Saudi  Arabia,  have 
dropped  in,  and  the  house  is  open  for  offi- 
cial tours  two  hours  each  Saturday.  And,  of 
course,  sometimes  visitors  have  a  way  of  just 
showing  up  unannounced. 

After  answering  a  final  round  of  ques- 
tions, Mark  Gu  leads  his  impromptu  tour 
group  down  the  back  stairway,  past  the  dou- 
ble room  that  he  shares  with  his  brother. 

There's  a  load  of  wash  spinning  in  the 
washing  machine,  and  a  heavy,  sweet  smell 
rising  from  the  kitchen.  Pearson  and  a 
friend  are  hunched  over  the  counter,  hard 
at  work  at  an  "unofficial  research  project" — 
home-brewing  beer. 

Mark  bids  his  guests  goodbye,  and  returns 
to  his  seat  at  the  kitchen  table,  where  he 
takes  up  his  notes  once  again.  "I've  got  an 
exam  tomorrow,"  he  says,  smiling. 

— ]acob  Dagger 


May-June  2008 


Q&A 


Faith  Through  Food 

Ellen  Davis,  professor  of  Bible  and  practical 
theology  at  Duke  Divinity  School,  has  turned  her 
attention,  in  recent  years,  to  the  Old  Testament's 
seemingly  anachronistic  discussion  of  land  use. 
She  has  found  that  the  biblical  writers  have  a 
lot  to  say  about  ecological  issues.  She  has 
written  a  book,  Scripture,  Culture,  and  Agricul- 
ture: An  Agrarian  Reading  of  the  Bible,  due 
from  Cambridge  University  Press  later  this  year, 
and  has  toured  the  country  and  the  world, 
lecturing  on  industrialized  agriculture  and  food 
production,  and  what  the  Bible  says  about  them. 

You  teach  a  course  in  "biblical  ecology."  What  is 
biblical  ecology? 

It's  actually  always  difficult  for  me  to  find  a 
name  for  that  course,  because  I  don't  love 
the  name  biblical  ecology.  The  Bible  is  not 
an  ecological  tract.  But  what  I'm  doing  in 
the  course,  and  in  the  book  that  I've  written, 
is  look  at  how  biblical  writers  think  about 
land,  specifically  land  that  can  be  used  for 
food  production.  I  look  at  the  Old  Testa- 
ment in  conversation  with  the  contempo- 
rary agrarian  writers.  People  like  Wendell 
Berry,  Wes  Jackson,  and  Norman  Wirzba. 

What  do  the  biblical  writers  say? 

The  Bible  really  is  exceptional  in  the  litera- 
ture of  the  ancient  world  in  its  attention  to 
issues  of  land  care.  That's  because  90,  95 
percent  of  Israelites  were  farmers,  but  they 
occupied  a  land  that  was  very  fragile  for 
farming.  The  best  index  of  the  health  of 
the  relationship  between  God  and  Israel,  or 
God  and  humanity,  was  the  health  of  the 
land.  And  that's  pretty  consistently  the  way 
the  land  functions  [in  the  Bible]. 

Beginning  already  in  Genesis,  [chapter] 
1 ,  where  you  might  say  the  classic  perspec- 
tive is  set  out,  there's  a  tremendous  empha- 
sis on  biodiversity  in  terms  of  plants  bear- 
ing seed:  "The  Earth  brought  forth  vegeta- 


tion, seed-bearing  plants  of  every  kind." 
Immediately  after  the  humans  are  created 
and  given  power  with  respect  to  the  other 
creatures,  then  there's  a  reiteration  of  God 
saying,  "Look,  I've  given  you  all  this  for 
food."  In  modern  terms,  what  is  being  set 
forth  there  is  the  food  chain,  and  humans' 
dominion,  presumably,  has  some  relation  to 
maintaining  the  integrity  of  the  food  chain. 

When  I  first  heard  about  your  research,  which 
I'd  heard  described  as  sort  of  a  religious  environ- 
mentalism,  I  assumed  you'd  be  talking  about 
issues  like  global  warming.  But  your  book  is  all 
about  agriculture. 

Agriculture  is  what  I'm  focused  on,  but 
agriculture  is  very  much  connected  to  glob- 
al warming  and  those  other  issues.  The  2005 
U.N. -sponsored  Millennium  Ecosystem 
Assessment  report  identifies  agriculture  as 
perhaps  the  greatest  threat  to  biodiversity 
worldwide.  Half  of  the  world's  forests  are 
gone.  A  third — a  third — of  the  forests  have 
been  removed  for  agriculture.  Seventy-five 
percent  of  our  water-pollution  problems 
come  from  agricultural  runoff.  And  air  prob- 
lems, a  lot  of  them,  come  from  our  meat 
production.  So  it's  kind  of  all  over  the  place. 
In  The  New  York  Times  a  couple  of  weeks 
ago,  Gidon  Eschel,  a  geophysicist  at  Bard 
College,  was  quoted  as  saying  that  almost  all 
the  ecological  problems  in  North  America 
have  been  linked  to  food  production. 

But  how  does  this  relate  to  biblical  times? 

In  the  ancient  world,  the  tension  was 
between  subsistence  farmers  on  the  one 
hand  and  kings,  queens,  and  empires  on 
the  other.  There's  quite  good  evidence  that 
the  prophetic  movement  arose  in  Israel  in 
the  ninth  and  eighth  centuries  B.C.E.  in 
response  to  the  significant  transformation 
of  the  agricultural  economy  in  Israel,  the 
consolidation  of  the  agricultural  economy 
under  state  control. 

When  you  read  the  prophets  with  that  in 
mind,  then  you  see  they're  talking  about 
farmers.  So  the  notion  of  centralized  agri- 
culture as  being  a  danger  to  the  well-being  of 


both  land  and  people  is  deeply  embedded  in 
the  Bible.  Now,  we  have  centralized  agricul- 
ture in  terms  of  multinational  corporations. 
But  there  is  a  drastic  difference  because  of 
the  modern  technologies  used  in  agriculture, 
especially  since  the  advent  of  petroleum-  and 
chemical-based  agriculture  since  World  War 
II.  The  issue  now  is  not  only  social  dynamics 
and  where  power  is  located,  but  also  the 
technological  onset  on  natural  systems. 

Our  job  as  the  church  is  to  get  church 
people  thinking  more  carefully  about  where 
their  food  comes  from  and  what  they  eat. 
Some  of  the  challenges  that  we  face  in 
terms  of,  say,  genetic  modification,  would 
be  addressed  by  Genesis,  Leviticus, 
Deuteronomy — books  that  present  a  vision 
for  holiness,  for  the  wholeness  of  life  in 
Israel,  and  present  that  vision  in  terms  of 
ordering  our  lives  in  accordance  with  what 
you  might  call  the  design  of  creation.  In 
Leviticus,  God  says  to  Moses,  "You  shall 
not  let  your  cattle  mate  with  a  different 
kind;  you  shall  not  sow  your  field  with  two 
kinds  of  seed;  you  shall  not  put  on  cloth 
from  a  mixture  of  two  kinds  of  material." 

I  understand  that  there's  a  danger  of 
sounding  naive.  The  Bible  is  not  a  scientif- 
ic treatise.  It  offers  us  some  principles.  But 
it's  not  a  manual  by  any  means. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Ancient  lessons  for  modern  times: 
Davis,  left,  uses  biblical  text  to  consider 
today's  agricultural  economies. 


Some  of  the  challenges  that 
we  face  in  terms  of,  say, 
genetic  modification,  would 
be  addressed  by  Genesis, 
Leviticus,  Deuteronomy- 
books  that  present  a  vision 
for  holiness  in  terms  of  order- 
ing our  lives  in  accordance 
with  what  you  might  call  the 
design  of  creation. 

Of  course,  the  other  side— the  industrial  side- 
would  argue  that  technology  and  industrial  agricul- 
ture allow  us  to  get  more  out  of  the  land.  How  do 
you  respond  to  that? 

It's  obviously  the  crucial  question.  Right  now, 
it's  true.  We  are  producing  a  huge  amount 
of  food.  But  the  cost  to  our  natural  systems 


is  completely  unsustainable.  There's  no 
question  that  we  will  not  be  farming  the 
way  we  do  now  fifty  or  100  years  from  now. 
The  question  is  then,  when  we  stop,  what 
will  be  left  for  the  coming  generations  to 
produce  food  with? 

I'd  imagine  that  depending  on  whom  you  talk  to, 
you  might  hear  that  either  technology  will  improve 
and  continue  to  provide,  or  that  God  will. 

Those  are  two  really  common  answers. 
Both  of  which  seem  to  me  to  be  basically 
magical  thinking. 

How  does  your  book  fit  in  with  other  recent  texts' 
take  on  the  themes  of  what  and  how  we  eat— 
Michael  Pollan's  The  Omnivore's  Dilemmd, 
Barbara  Kingsolver's  Animdl,  Vegetable,  Miracle: 
A  Year  of  Food  Life? 

I  think  it's  a  convergence.  I  think  that  the 
acuteness  of  the  situation  is  prompting  a 
widespread  response.  My  text  is  Hebrew 
scripture,  the  Old  Testament.  I'm  trying 
to  suggest  that  for  people  who  are  disposed 
to  take  the  Bible  seriously — that's  a  lot  of 
folks  in  this  country,  including  a  lot  of  folks 
involved  in  our  food  production  system — 
if  the  Bible  gives  us  a  basis  for  providing 


critiques  of  the  present  industrial  agricul- 
ture system,  my  argument  might  filter 
through  to  them. 

How  are  farmers  dealing  with  these  problems 
now?  Are  they  looking  to  the  Bible  or  to  religious 
leaders? 

I  have  been  lecturing  for  the  last  two  years 
in  rural  areas,  and  I  have  been  stmck  by 
people  expressing  surprise  on  two  counts. 
One,  that  an  urbanite  would  know  any- 
thing about  what  was  going  on  in  rural 
communities.  And  two,  that  the  Bible  has 
anything  to  say  about  the  situation.  In 
general,  this  is  not  how  people  who  are 
trained  to  be  pastors  have  been  trained  to 
|  read  the  Bible.  We're  now  at  a  time  when 
I  religious  leaders  are  just  beginning  to  ad- 
dress some  of  these  issues. 

In  our  partisan  political  system,  social  conservatism 
and  environmental  activism  often  find  themselves 
in  opposition.  How  does  an  Evangelical  Christian 
who  supports  socially  conservative  causes  reconcile 
that  split? 

I  don't  want  to  comment  too  much  upon 
something  that  is  not  my  primary  area  of 
expertise,  or  about  constituencies  to 
which  I  don't  really  belong.  [But]  I  can 
answer  this  way:  A  lot  of  my  students 
come  from  relatively  conservative  back- 
grounds and  are  going  to  be  serving  rela- 
tively conservative  constituencies.  A  few 
years  ago,  students  would  come  into  my 
class  on  this  issue  really  thinking  that  there 
wasn't  a  religious  problem  here,  or  a  theo- 
logical problem  here.  I  think  that  has 
changed  in  the  last  few  years.  Most  of  them 
now  come  into  the  class  well  aware  that 
there  is  a  problem.  I  think  they  quickly  find 
that  the  Bible  is  pervasively  concerned 
with  what  we  would  call  ecological  issues. 
And  they  put  that  up  against  the  daily 
news.  Also,  many  of  my  students  work  as 
rural  pastors  where  they  live  in  rural  areas, 
so  I  don't  have  to  tell  them  what's  happen- 
ing with  the  rural  economy  in  this  country. 
They  can  tell  me. 

— Jacob  I 


May-June  2008 


Everyone 

Wanted 

An  El  Greco 


rt  historian 

Sarah  Schroth 

tracks  down  the  lost 

collection  of  a  powerful 

nobleman,  reclaims  a 

forgotten  chapter  in 

seventeenth-century 

Spanish  art,  and  helps 

launch  an  exhibit  of 

astonishing  power— the 

Nasher  Museum  of  Art's 

first  blockbuster. 

BY    BRIDGET    BOOHER 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


'i'  '. 


&  W, 


May-June  2008 


hen  visitors  stroll  through 
the  Nasher  Museum  of  Art's 
first  blockbuster  exhibition, 
"El  Greco  to  Velazquez:  Art 
During  the  Reign  of  Philip  III,"  this  fall, 
they'll  see  exquisitely  rendered  still  lifes,  op- 
ulent portraits  of  royalty,  and  stirring  reli- 
gious images,  all  produced  in  Spain  during 
the  early  part  of  the  seventeenth  century. 
What  won't  be  apparent  is  the  show's  unex- 
pected starting  point:  the  dark,  dank  attic  of 
a  former  hospital  in  Toledo,  Spain. 

Twenty-one  years  ago,  in  the  winter  of 
1987,  Sarah  Schroth  was  holed  up  in  that 
musty  attic  poring  over  neglected  parch- 
ment folders  that  had  accumulated  centu- 
ries' worth  of  dust,  hoping  to  find  some- 
thing— anything — about  the  subject  of  her 
doctoral  dissertation. 

Schroth,  then  a  graduate  student  at  the 
Institute  of  Fine  Arts  at  New  York  Univer- 
sity, was  curious  about  the  collecting  habits 
of  King  Philip  III  and  his  court.  Conven- 
tional thinking  among  art  historians  was 
that  work  produced  during  Philip's  reign 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


St/7/  Life  with  Quince,  Cabbage,  Melon,  and  Cucumber,  circa  1600,  by  Juan  Sanchez  Cotan.  Oil  on  can- 
vas. San  Diego  Museum  of  Art.  "In  these  works,"  Schroth  writes,  "Sanchez  Cotan  demonstrated  his 
knowledge  and  command  of  the  early  international  Baroque  language  of  tenebrism  (strong  contrast  of 
light  and  dark),  naturalism  (a  new  manner  of  observing  and  depicting  reality),  and  illusion  (the  fruits 
and  vegetables  are  so  perfectly  rendered  they  seem  real)." 


was  barely  worth  noting,  particularly  com- 
pared with  the  rich  and  extensive  collec- 
tions assembled  by  his  father,  Philip  II,  and 
son,  Philip  IV.  Art  historians  scornfully  re- 
ferred to  him  as,  in  the  words  of  one,  "the 
Philip  in  between." 

But  Schroth  had  a  hunch  there  was  more 
to  the  story.  It  made  no  sense,  for  example, 
that  this  period  would  have  been  so  stag- 


When  she  realized  she  had 
found  proof  of  lerma's  influence 

and  patronage,  schroth  recalls, 
"my  heart  soared." 


nant  in  the  visual  arts — a  chasm  between 
the  remarkably  vibrant  production  under 
Philips  II  and  IV — especially  considering 
the  epochal  flowering  of  Spanish  literature: 
Miguel  Cervantes  wrote  Don  Quixote;  play- 
wright Lope  de  Vega  produced  his  most  sig- 
nificant body  of  work,  including  Fuente 
Ovejuna;  and  poet  Luis  de  Gongora  rede- 
fined Baroque  verse  through  complex  works 
such  as  the  Soledads. 

And  she  knew  that  the  powerful  and  in- 
fluential Duke  of  Lerma,  Philip  Ill's  chief 
minister  and  favorite,  had  commissioned  a 
portrait  from  Peter  Paul  Rubens  and  col- 
lected El  Greco,  whose  work  Philip's  father 
had  disliked.  So  when  she  was  unable  to 
find  much  on  the  collecting  habits  of  the 
king  himself,  she  turned  to  the  Duke  of  Ler- 
ma. After  spending  five  fruitless  months 


Equestrian  Portrait,  Duke  ofLerma,  circa  1603,  by  Peter  Paul  Rubens.  Oil  on  canvas.  Museo  Nacional  del  Prado.  Rubens'  painting 

of  the  Duke  of  Lerma  exemplifies  the  trend  in  portraiture  that  took  hold  during  Philip  Ill's  reign.  Members  of  the  royal  court,  and  Lerma  in 

particular,  were  depicted  as  politically  strong  and  culturally  influential,  the  better  to  convey  the  supremacy  of  the  monarchy. 


May-June  2008 


searching  all  of  Spain's  well-known  historic 
archives,  she  took  a  gamble  on  one  last  out-of- 
the-way  depository:  the  private  Medinaceli 
archive  in  Toledo  (one  of  Lerma's  daughters 
had  married  into  the  family). 

It  was  a  long  shot.  The  Duke  of  Lerma's 
last  male  heir  died  in  1636,  so  the  family 
archives  could  have  been  dispersed  in  bits 
and  pieces  to  any  number  of  subsequent 
generations,  or  destroyed.  Other  scholars 
who'd  conducted  research  there  told  her 
she  was  wasting  her  time — they'd  seen  only 


documents  from  the  eighteenth  and  nine- 
teenth centuries. 

Every  morning  for  a  week,  Schroth  caught 
the  bus  from  Madrid  to  Toledo  to  go  through 
page  after  page  of  meticulously  recorded 
manuscripts,  written  with  methodical  pre- 
cision in  Castilian  Spanish  cursive.  In  the 
cramped  room  that  originally  had  been  used 
as  a  servant's  bedroom,  lit  only  by  the  sun- 
shine that  came  through  a  small  arched 
window,  Schroth  leafed  through  hundreds 
of  pages  listing  Medinaceli  family  posses- 


sions. Each  night,  she  came  home  empty- 
handed,  no  mention  of  Lerma's  collections 
to  be  found. 

It  was  in  her  second  week,  after  scrutiniz- 
ing several  dozen  of  the  hundreds  of  uncata- 
logued  bundles  that  lined  one  wall  of  the  at- 
tic, that  Schroth  found  what  she  was  look- 
ing for:  an  inventory  of  paintings  owned  or 
commissioned  by  the  Duke  of  Lerma — 448 
in  all.  "My  heart  soared,"  she  says. 

"These  papers  were  filthy,  and  somewhat 
hard  to  read,  because  the  ink  from  the  back 


«e»H33(5E?S5g!££3 


The  Spanish   Invasion 


From  a  new  ballet  based  on  Don 
Quixote  to  Spanish-themed 
menus  at  local  restaurants, 
the  "El  Greco  to  Velazquez" 
exhibition  has  inspired  an  array  of 
related  activities.  All  events  take 
place  at  the  Nasher  Museum,  unless 
otherwise  noted.  Information  is  cur- 
rent as  of  press  time.  For  complete 
listings,  ticket  information,  and  the 
latest  updates,  visit  nasher.dulce.edu. 

MAY  17:  The  Duke  Alumni  Association 

(DAA)  and  the  Duke  Club  of  Boston  sponsor  a 
private  viewing  of  the  exhibit  with  curator 
Sarah  Schroth.  Museum  of  Fine  Arts,  Boston. 
6:00  to  9:30  p.m. 

JUNE  1:  Limited  number  oftickets  go  on  sale 
for  August  24  special  preview  of  exhibit  for 
alumni,  sponsored  by  the  DAA. 

AUGUST  20:  Preview  day  for  Duke  community 
and  museum  members. 

AUGUST  21:  Exhibition  opens  to  the  public. 

AUGUST  24:  Preview  day  for  alumni,  sponsored 
by  the  DAA.  Advance  ticket  purchase  required. 

AUGUST  28:  Lecture  by  Nasher  curator 
Sarah  Schroth.  7:30  p.m.  Reservations  required. 

SEPTEMBER  10:  WUNC-TV  premiere  of  EIGreco 
to  Velazquez,  a  thirty-minute  documentary. 

SEPTEMBER  11  :"Cabezon  to  Cabanilles: 
The  Golden  Age  of  Iberian  Keyboard  Music," 
harpsichord  concert  with  University  Organist 
Robert  Parkins.  7:30  p.m. 


SEPTEMBER  21:"EI  Greco  to  Velazquez  in 
Flowers,"  presentation  by  floral-design  expert 
Jim  Johnson.  Sarah  P.  Duke  Gardens. 

SEPTEMBER  23:  "Art  with  the  Experts," 

discussion  with  curator  Sarah  Schroth.  Durham 
County  Library,  main  branch. 

SEPTEMBER  25:  Lecture  by  exhibition  cata- 
logue contributors  Antonio  Feros,  associate  pro- 
fessor of  history  at  the  University  of  Pennsyl- 
vania, and  Rosemarie  Mulcahy,  former  hon- 
orary senior  research  fellow  in  the  Department 
of  the  History  of  Art,  University  College,  Dublin. 
7:30  p.m.  Reservations  required. 

OCTOBER  2:  North  Carolina  Symphony  per- 
formance featuring  guitarist  Scott  Tennant  and 
the  premiere  of  a  new  work  commissioned  for 
the  occasion  by  Duke  music  professor  Stephen 
Jaffe.  Memorial  Hall,  UNC-Chapel  Hill.  7:00  p.m. 

OCTOBER  2-3:  "Image  and  Illusion  in 
Early  Modern  Spain," conference  on  the  art 
and  literature  of  the  period.  Sponsored  by  the 
Department  of  Romance  Studies. 

OCTOBER  3-4:  North  Carolina  Symphony 
performance  featuring  guitarist  Scott  Tennant 
and  a  new  work  commissioned  for  the  occasion 
by  Stephen  Jaffe,  Duke  music  professor. 
Meymandi  Concert  Hall,  Raleigh.  7:00  p.m. 

OCTOBER  6:  North  Carolina  Symphony 
chamber  music  performance  with  guitarist 
Scott  Tennant.  Peace  College,  Raleigh. 

OCTOBER  9-12:  Don  Quixote,  Carolina  Ballet 
performance  with  new  choreography  by  artistic 


director  Robert  Weiss.  Progress  Energy  Center 
for  the  Performing  Arts,  Raleigh. 

OCTOBER  17:  The  Spanish  High  Renaissance, 
performance  by  The  Tallis  Scholars,  a  British 

choral  group  specializing  in  Renaissance  sacred 
music.  Sponsored  by  Duke  Performances. 
Duke  Chapel.  8:00  p.m. 

OCTOBER  18:  Annual  Semans  Lecture  by 
Jonathan  Brown,  professor  of  fine  arts  at 
New  York  University's  Institute  of  Fine  Arts  and 
an  international  authority  on  Spanish  art. 
Nasher  Museum.  7:30  p.m.  Reservations  required. 

OCTOBER  19:  "Iberian  Organ  Music  from  the 
Golden  Age," concert  featuring  University 
Organist  Robert  Parkins  and  images  of  paintings 
from  the  exhibition.  Duke  Memorial  Chapel. 
2:30  and  5:00  p.m. 

OCTOBER  23:  Concert  with  viola  de  gamba 
player  Jordi  Savall  and  Hesperion  XXI,  an 
early-music  group  based  in  Spain.  Sponsored 
by  Carolina  Performing  Arts.  Memorial  Hall, 
UNC-Chapel  Hill.  7:30  p.m. 

OCTOBER  30:  Lecture  by  exhibit  co-curator 
Ronnie  Baer,  Museum  of  Fine  Arts,  Boston,  and 
Laura  Bass,  assistant  professor  of  Spanish  and 
Latin  American  studies  at  Tulane  University. 
7:30  p.m.  Reservations  required. 

NOVEMBER  6:  Premiere  of  La  vidaessueno 
(Life  is  a  Dream),  by  playwright  Pedro 
Calderon  de  la  Barca,  from  a  modernized 
version  of  the  script  by  Spanish  playwright 
Jose  Ruibal.  Presented  by  the  Department  of 
Romance  Studies. 


34         DUKE  MAGAZINE 


of  pages  had  bled  through  to  the  front,"  she 
recalls.  "They  had  probably  gone  undis- 
turbed since  the  nineteenth  century.  But  I 
realized  that  I  had  found  proof  of  Lerma's 
influence  and  patronage." 

With  this  document  alone,  she  had  enough 
for  her  dissertation,  but  still  she  kept  look- 
ing. In  the  weeks  that  followed,  she  uncov- 
ered twelve  more  household  inventories, 
never  before  published,  virtually  unknown, 
and  telling  a  remarkable  tale.  Not  only  was 
the  Duke  of  Lerma,  Francisco  Gomez  de 

The  Nasher  plans  to  spend 

more  money  marketing 
"El  Greco  to  Velazquez" 

than  it  did  on  its  own 
grand  opening. 

Sandoval  y  Rojas,  a  prolific  collector — esti- 
mates of  his  painting  collection  alone  range 
from  1,500  to  more  than  2,700  works — he 
was  a  gifted  connoisseur  with  a  discerning 
eye.  His  holdings  included  works  by  Italians 
Tiziano  Vecelli  (Titian),  Paolo  Veronese,  and 
Antonio  da  Correggio;  Flemish  painters 
Peter  Paul  Rubens  and  Frans  Pourbus  the 
Younger;  the  great  Dutch  artist  Hieronymus 
Bosch;  and  the  Spaniards  Francisco  Ribalta 
and  Juan  Pantoja  de  la  Cruz.  Thousands  more 
of  the  works  were  unattributed. 

As  Schroth  began  to  comprehend  the 
breadth  and  depth  of  Lerma's  collections, 
she  began  to  grasp — slowly  at  first,  and  then 
with  a  giddy  mixture  of  disbelief  and  excite- 
ment— that  Philip  Ill's  reign,  from  1598  to 
1621,  produced  a  breathtaking  array  of  in- 
novative and  highly  accomplished  artistic 
achievements. 

"I  knew  that  what  I  found  was  big,"  re- 
calls Schroth,  now  a  curator  at  the  Nasher. 
"But  I  also  knew  that  I  was  working  against 
the  grain  of  what  was  accepted  in  art  history 
about  that  time." 

When  she  reported  her  findings  to  her 
dissertation  adviser,  Jonathan  Brown,  he  re- 
calls being  "bowled  over." 

"No  one  had  suspected  that  the  Duke  of 
Lerma  was  such  a  major  collector  of  art,"  he 
says.  "This  was  a  huge  find,  not  only  for 
Spanish  art  but  for  European  art  in  general. 
Discoveries  like  this  almost  never  happen." 

With  a  grant  to  extend  her  doctoral  re- 
search for  a  year,  Schroth  embarked  on  a 


journey  throughout  Spain  to  visit  places 
where  Lerma's  vast  collection  might  have 
been  dispersed,  and  began  a  comprehensive 
reassessment  of  artwork  created  during 
Philip  Ill's  reign.  The  best-known  artists  from 
that  period — El  Greco,  already  an  estab- 
lished painter  when  Philip  took  the  throne, 
and  Velazquez,  who  had  begun  to  make  a 
name  for  himself  by  the  time  Philip  died — 
served  as  convenient  bookends  for  the  sur- 
vey. Schroth  was  interested  in  seeing  how 
those  artists'  works  were  influenced  by  the 


cultural,  religious,  and  political  changes 
that  took  place  under  the  monarchy,  as  well 
as  "rediscovering,"  and  developing  a  new 
appreciation  for,  relatively  obscure  artists 
that  she  had  only  read  about  in  the  course 
of  her  graduate  studies. 

Because  most  of  the  work  from  the  period 
was  referred  to  only  tangentially  in  scholar- 
ly accounts,  Schroth  had  long  assumed  that 
the  art  was  of  middling  value.  When  she 
encountered  the  work  firsthand,  she  was 
struck  by  its  consistently  high  quality.  "When 


Fray  Hortensio  Felix  Paravicino,  1609,  by  El  Greco  (Domenikos  Theotokopoulos) .  Oil  on  canvas. 
Museum  of  Fine  Arts,  Boston.  Spanish  society  under  Philip  III  embraced  a  new  sense  of  individual- 
ism, and  artists  such  as  El  Greco  followed  suit  by  painting  subjects  so  that  their  distinctive  charac- 
ter came  through.  This  realistic,  subtly  nuanced  portrait  of  Fray  Paravicino-monk,  poet,  court 
preacher-captures  the  close  friendship  between  painter  and  subject. 


May-June  2008 


The  Ecstasy  of  St.  Francis  ofAssisi:  The  Vision  of  the  Musical  Angel,  circa  1620-1625, 
by  Francisco  Ribaita.  Oil  on  canvas.  Wadsworth  Atheneum  Museum  of  Art.  Until  the  reign 
of  Philip  III,  there  were  very  few  depictions  of  Spanish  saints,  but  as  writers  and  clerics 
began  to  explore  the  idea  of  forging  personal  identification  with  God,  Spanish  artists  often 
visualized  "secularizing  the  transcendental." 


my  art-history  textbooks  included  paintings 
or  sculptures  [from  lesser-known  artists]  from 
this  period  of  time,  which  wasn't  often,  the 
reproductions  were  in  black-and-white  and 
often  taken  by  nonprofessionals,  so  you 
couldn't  get  a  sense  for  whether  the  work 
was  any  good  or  not,"  she  says.  In  addition, 
as  she  scoured  the  countryside,  she  found 
that  much  of  the  artwork  was  hanging  (or 
stored)  in  some  unlikely  places — far  from 
the  climate-controlled  galleries  of  a  Prado 
or  Metropolitan  Museum  and  the  scrutiny 
of  art  historians. 

In  the  stairwell  of  a  municipal  building  in 
Valladolid,  Spain,  where  Philip  III  held  court 
from  1601  to  1603,  Schroth  happened  on  a 
painting  of  the  resurrection  of  Christ.  "It 
looked  like  it  belonged  to  my  period  [of  re- 
search]," she  says.  "It  was  a  night  scene  that 
showed  Christ  illuminated  in  the  darkness, 
and  I  knew  that  Lerma  loved  night  scenes." 
Sure  enough,  when  Schroth  examined  the 
painting  more  closely,  she  found  the  artist's 
signature:  Pantoja  de  la  Cruz,  the  royal  por- 


traitist for  Philip  III.  Schroth  would  later 
confirm  that  the  painting  had  indeed  be- 
longed to  Lerma. 

Other  works  she  tracked  down  were  lo- 
cated in  even  less  hospitable  places.  For  ex- 
ample, she  found  The  Stigmatization  of  St. 
Francis,  by  Philip  Ill's  official  court  painter, 
Vicente  Carducho,  hanging  in  a  cloister 
courtyard  in  a  working  hospital  in  Madrid, 
protected  from  the  rain  but  little  else. 

The  Duke  of  Lerma's  portrait,  which  now 
hangs  in  the  Prado,  fared  better.  Flemish  ar- 
tist Peter  Paul  Rubens  visited  the  Spanish 
court  in  1603  as  an  envoy  from  the  Duke  of 
Mantua.  In  a  letter  home  to  Mantua,  Ru- 
bens wrote  that  he  was  "astonished"  by  the 
Duke  of  Lerma's  estimable  collection  that 
included  Titian  and  Raphael.  Although  he 
declined  the  Duke's  offer  to  become  the  of- 
ficial court  painter,  Rubens  did  agree  to 
paint  the  nobleman's  portrait.  It  is  one  of 
the  highlights  of  the  Nasher  exhibition. 
Shown  mounted  on  a  magnificent  white 
steed,  the  Duke  is  depicted  as  a  virile  and 


powerful  man  wreathed  in  good  fortune. 
And  so  he  was.  Before  Philip  III,  most  mon- 
archs  relied  on  a  coterie  of  advisers,  Schroth 
says.  Philip  depended  so  heavily  on  Lerma 
that  the  Duke  was,  in  essence,  the  first  de 
facto  prime  minister  of  Europe. 

Her  dissertation,  "The  Private  Picture  Col- 
lection of  the  Duke  of  Lerma,"  completed 
in  1990,  makes  the  persuasive  case  that  the 
Duke's  prodigious  collecting  habits,  com- 
bined with  his  unprecedented  access  to  the 
king,  created  an  environment  that  placed  a 
high  value  on  art,  fostered  innovations  in 
artistic  creation,  and  conferred  much  sought- 
after  social  status  on  patrons  of  the  arts.  She 
notes,  for  example,  that  Philip  II  hated  the 
work  of  Domenikos  Theotokopoulos,  the 
Greek  painter  commonly  known  as  El  Gre- 
co. Lerma,  on  the  other  hand,  recognized 
the  artist's  talents — influenced  by  Titian 
and  the  late  Renaissance,  but  with  a  dis- 
tinct style  all  his  own — and  acquired  an  El 
Greco  painting  of  St.  Francis. 

"Once  Lerma  had  an  El  Greco,"  Schroth 
says,  "everyone  wanted  an  El  Greco."  De- 
mand for  the  painter's  work  skyrocketed, 
and  he  had  to  enlarge  his  workshop  to  keep 
up.  The  resulting  economic  security  al- 
lowed El  Greco  to  evolve  and  experiment 
as  an  artist. 


PUKHMAUAZINF 


etermined  to  bring  her  dis- 
coveries to  a  wider  audience, 
Schroth  continued  to  pub- 
lish on  the  artists  and  themes 
that  defined  the  era,  and  today  is  considered 
one  of  the  leading  contemporary  art  histori- 
ans of  early  Baroque  Spain.  She  came  to  Duke 
in  1995  as  curator  and  deputy  director  of  the 
Duke  Museum  of  Art/Prado  exchange  pro- 
gram, served  as  interim  director  of  the  Nasher 
from  2003  to  2004,  and  was  named  the  Nan- 
cy Hanks  Senior  Curator  in  2004- 

Even  as  she  taught,  lectured,  and  curated 
shows  at  Duke,  Schroth  had  a  vision  of 
mounting  a  blockbuster  exhibit  of  art  pro- 
duced during  Philip  Ill's  reign  that  never 
wavered.  Originally,  she  wanted  Duke  to  col- 
laborate on  a  show  with  the  Prado,  as  the 
museum  had  featured  retrospectives  of  every 
period  of  Spanish  art  except  that  produced 
under  Philip  III.  But  the  costs  and  technical 
requirements  of  mounting  a  multimillion- 
dollar  show  at  a  university  museum — espe- 
cially one  housed  in  a  modest,  converted 
sciences  building — proved  prohibitive. 

But  when  the  museum  moved  into  its  far 
more  elegant  digs  in  the  fall  of  2005,  Schroth 
contacted  her  colleague  Ronnie  Baer,  an  art 
historian  specializing  in  seventeenth-centu- 
ry Dutch  art,  whose  expertise  overlapped 
with  Schroth 's.  The  two  had  studied  at  NYU 
at  the  same  time  and  had  spent  countless 
hours  together  preparing  for  their  final  oral 
exams.  Baer  had  landed  at  the  Museum  of 
Fine  Arts,  Boston,  where  she  is  the  Mrs.  Rus- 
sell W.  Baker  Senior  Curator  of  Paintings. 
With  the  MFA  committed  to  the  show, 
Schroth  and  Baer  traveled  to  Spain  and 
looked  at  art  produced  during  Philip  Ill's 
reign,  and  Baer  began  to  discern  themes  to 
give  structure  and  direction  to  the  planned 
exhibit.  These  groupings  include  works  that 
illustrate  the  birth  of  naturalism  in  Spanish 
art;,  the  creation  of  sophisticated  still-life 
paintings  that  combined  for  the  first  time 
naturalism,  illusion,  and  tenebrism  (a  height- 
ened form  of  chiaroscuro);  humanized  de- 
pictions of  saints  and  other  sacred  figures; 
and  extravagant  portraiture. 

Baer  also  suggested  the  show's  title,  with 
its  emphasis  on  El  Greco  and  Velazquez,  the 
two  big  names  likely  to  draw  crowds.  Schroth 
admits  it  provides  a  savvier  marketing  hook 
than  the  one  she'd  proposed:  "In  a  New  Style 
of  Grandeur:  Art  at  the  Court  of  Philip  III." 
"Never,  never  in  a  million  years  could  we 


have  done  this  exhibit  without  Boston," 
says  Schroth.  "The  MFA  is  very  powerful. 
Because  of  their  involvement,  the  Prado  is 
loaning  seven  works  for  the  exhibit,  which 
is  unheard  of. 

"They  also  got  an  indemnity  grant  from 
the  Federal  Council  on  the  Arts  and  the 
Humanities  to  insure  the  show,"  Schroth 
adds.  "It's  the  most-funded  show  MFA  has 
had  in  recent  memory — and  together  we  se- 
cured sponsorship  from  the  Bank  of  America, 
the  National  Endowment  for  the  Humani- 
ties, the  Homeland  Foundation,  and  the  Na- 
tional Endowment  for  the  Arts." 

The  exhibition  opened  at  the  MFA  on 
April  20  and  runs  through  July  27.  It  opens 
at  Duke  on  August  2 1  and  runs  through  No- 
vember 9. 

Schroth 's  resolve  to  share  her  findings  with 
a  wider  audience  paid  off  in  other  ways.  In 
an  essay  in  the  exhibition's  catalogue,  Laura 
Bass,  an  assistant  professor  of  Spanish  and 
Latin  American  studies  at  Tulane  Univer- 
sity, applied  Schroth's  scholarship  and  ideas 


leadership  style,  and  historical  impact.  Now 
an  associate  professor  of  history  at  the  Uni- 
versity of  Pennsylvania,  Feros  has  written 
an  essay  for  the  exhibition's  catalogue  titled 
"Art  and  Spanish  Society:  The  Historical 
Context,  1577-1623,"  and  will  deliver  a 
guest  lecture  at  Duke  in  conjunction  with 
the  exhibition. 

The  show  features  works  from  such  major 
museums  as  the  Prado;  the  Museo  del  Greco, 
Toledo;  the  Kunsthistorisches  Museum,  Vi- 
enna; the  Ashmolean  Museum,  Oxford;  Lon- 
don's National  Gallery;  and  the  Metro- 
politan Museum  of  Art  in  New  York,  as  well 
as  rarely  seen  works  borrowed  from  private 
collectors  and  smaller  Spanish  museums, 
monasteries,  and  churches  that  are  traveling 
for  the  first  time.  The  equestrian  portrait  of 
the  Duke  by  El  Greco  figures  large,  but  the 
lesser  known  works,  like  Pantoja's  Resurrec- 
tion of  Christ,  from  the  Valladolid  municipal 
building,  and  Carducho's  The  Stigmatization 
of  St.  Francis,  from  that  hospital  in  Madrid, 
are  also  included. 


"This  was  a  huge  find,  not  only  for  Spanish  art  but  for 
European  art  in  general  Discoveries  like  this  almost  never  happen." 


to  solve  the  age-old  paradox  faced  by  all 
students  of  Spanish  literature,  until  now: 
How  could  what  Bass  describes  as  a  "literary 
efflorescence"  under  Philip  III  have  occured 
during  a  supposed  period  of  decline  in  the 
visual  arts?  Bass  calls  the  reign  of  Philip  III 
"one  of  the  most  innovative  periods  in 
Spanish  literary  history." 

"The  brilliance  of  Cervantes,  Lope,  or 
Gongora  comes  into  focus  not  only  as  a  mat- 
ter of  individual  genius  but  also  as  a  product 
of  a  society  ripe  for  genius  as  a  prized  cultur- 
al value,"  Bass  wrote  in  the  essay.  "Their 
lives  are  not  only  parallel  but  intersect  with 
artists  in  a  shared  culture  of  intellectual  and 
artistic  promotion  and  production." 

Serendipitously,  while  conducting  her  re- 
search in  Spain,  Schroth  had  become  friends 
with  another  young  scholar,  Antonio  Feros, 
who  was  beginning  to  piece  together  missing 
parts  of  Philip  Ill's  impact  on  the  Spanish 
empire  from  a  historian's  perspective.  Even- 
tually, Feros  compiled  enough  evidence  to 
suggest  a  different,  more  positive  way  of  con- 
sidering Philip  Ill's  political  motivations, 


Organizers  hope  that  the  exhibit,  which 
comprises  more  than  100  paintings,  sculp- 
tures, and  decorative  arts,  will  draw  100,000 
visitors  in  a  little  over  two  months  later  this 
fall.  The  Nasher  plans  to  spend  more  money 
marketing  "El  Greco  to  Velazquez"  — offi- 
cials decline  to  say  how  much — than  it  did 
on  its  own  grand  opening. 

Two  decades  after  her  fortuitous  discov- 
ery in  that  Toledo  attic,  Schroth  says  she  is 
confident  that  the  viewing  public  is  in  for  a 
glorious  visual  trip  through  the  artistic 
splendors  of  Philip  Ill's  seventeenth-centu- 
ry Spain.  "These  painters  were  not  second 
tier,"  she  says.  "In  fact,  to  their  contempo- 
raries, they  were  considered  better  trained 
than  El  Greco  and  Velazquez." 

Still,  she  admits  to  apprehensive  curiosity 
about  how  her  research  will  be  greeted  by 
fellow  art  historians.  "I  imagine  it's  similar 
to  what  an  artist  feels  when  they  show  their 
work.  This  exhibit  is  a  creative  act  that  is 
being  revealed.  It's  new,  it's  mine,  and  it's 
scary.  I  know  it's  ridiculous  to  have  this 
worry,  but  I  do.  The  stakes  are  very  high."  ■ 


May-June  2008 


By  KER  THAN 


Dale  Purves  is  not  musical  by  nature. 
He's  been  trying  to  play  the  guitar 
tor  forty  years — with  limited  suc- 
cess. He  has  no  formal  training  and, 
if  presented  with  a  sheet  of  music,  can't  tell 
an  F-sharp  from  a  B-flat. 

But  even  though  he  is  not  musical,  Pur- 
ves is  deeply  curious  about  music.  Why,  he 
wonders,  do  humans  appear  to  be  hard-wired 
to  appreciate  it  despite  its  lack  of  a  clear  sur- 
vival benefit?  Why  do  we  find  some  combi- 
nations of  musical  notes  pleasing  but  can't 
stand  others?  And,  perhaps  most  enticing, 
why  do  we  think  of  some  types  of  music  as 
happy  and  bright,  but  others  as  dark  and 
sad — in  other  words,  how  did  music  come 
to  pack  such  an  emotional  wallop? 

Purves  (pronounced  purr-VEHZ),  a  phy- 
sician and  neurobiologist  who  heads  Duke's 
Center  for  Cognitive  Neuroscience,  has 
made  a  name  for  himself  studying  human 
vision.  More  recently,  he  has  also  turned  his 
attention  to  hearing.  "We  started  looking  at 


Biological  [Wr 


Seeking  to  understand  the  universal  appeal  of  music,  neuroscientist  Dale  Purves  has  discovered  surprising 


Complex  and  sublime: 

Amateur  guitarist  Purves 

contemplates  the  complicated 

role  music  plays  in  our  lives. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


audition  to  compare  it  to  the  theories  we 
developed  in  vision,"  he  says. 

Over  the  last  five  years,  he  and  his  fellow 
researchers  have  provided  compelling  evi- 
dence that  our  species'  fondness  for  music  is 
linked  to  another  human  universal:  lan- 
guage. The  findings  suggest  that  humans  like 
music  because,  in  subtle  and  unconscious 
ways,  it  reminds  us  of  speech,  arguably  the 
most  important  social  cue  in  our  environ- 
ment and  a  critical  factor  in  our  species'  sur- 
vival and  success. 

"The  only  vocalizations  that  count  for  us 
are  the  vocalizations  we  make  for  each  other," 
Purves  says.  "Those  are  the  tonal  sounds  in 
nature  that  we've  always  been  exposed  to." 
His  studies  of  music  are  part  of  a  broader 
theory  he  is  developing  about  how  our  per- 
ceptions are  shaped  not  only  by  our  individ- 
ual experiences,  amassed  over  decades,  but 
also  by  the  collective  experiences  of  our 
species,  gathered  over  millions  of  years  of 
evolutionary  time. 


With  the  possible  exception  of  love, 
nothing  in  the  human  experience 
is  as  difficult  to  define — or  has  at- 
tracted so  many  attempts  at  defi- 
nition— as  music.  Music  has  been  described 
as  mysterious,  sublime,  even  divine.  The 
French  novelist  Victor  Hugo  said  music  "ex- 
presses that  which  cannot  be  put  into  words 
and  that  which  cannot  remain  silent."  Mu- 
sic has  been  called  an  "echo  of  the  invisi- 
ble," the  "speech  of  angels,"  a  "shorthand  of 
emotion,"  and  "unconscious  arithmetic." 
The  American  poet  and  musician  Sidney 
Lanier  considered  the  two  mysteries  equal, 
and  called  music  "love  in  search  of  a  word." 
What  everyone  does  agree  upon  is  music's 
universal  ability  to  transcend  time,  geogra- 
phy, and  culture.  Throughout  history,  peo- 
ple living  in  every  corner  of  the  globe  have 
made  and  listened  to  music.  And  whether 
they  coax  music  by  plucking,  striking,  or 
blowing  instruments  crafted  from  wood, 
metal,  or  bone,  people  in  just  about  every 


culture  make  music  in  the  same  general  way, 
using  subgroups  of  the  same  twelve  notes. 

These  notes  are  known  as  the  chromatic 
scale  and  can  be  heard  on  a  piano  by  start- 
ing with  any  key  and  then  playing  the  next 
twelve  black  and  white  keys  in  succession. 
On  the  thirteenth  note,  the  scale  begins 
again,  but  at  a  higher  frequency.  The  inter- 
val between  one  piano  key  and  a  key  of  the 
same  name  either  above  or  below  it  is  called 
an  octave. 

No  culture  uses  all  twelve  notes  of  the 
chromatic  scale  in  its  music,  but  nearly  all 
musical  traditions  make  music  based  on  some 
combination  of  notes  within  it.  Traditional 
Chinese  music  and  much  of  American  folk 
music,  for  example,  are  made  using  what's 
called  the  pentatonic  scale,  which  uses  five 
of  the  notes  within  the  octave  (F  and  B  are 
not  used).  The  five  notes  of  the  pentatonic 
scale  are  a  subset  of  the  seven-note  diatonic 
scale  used  in  Classical  Western  music.  The 
latter  includes  the  familiar  "Do-Re-Mi- 


similarities  between  the  twelve-note  chromatic  scale  and  the  universal  tones  found  in  speech. 


Music  of  the  Spheres 


usic  played  an  important  role  in  the  teachings  of  Pythagoras.  The  Greek  philosopher  and 
mathematician  believed  there  were  three  kinds  of  music:  the  music  produced  by  instruments 
[musica  instrumental),  the  music  of  the  human  body  {musica  humana),  and  the  music  of 
the  cosmos  {musica  universalis). 
Pythagoras  and  his  followers — called  the  Pythagoreans — further  believed  that  the  different  types  of 
music  were  interrelated.  Ailments  caused  by  discord  in  the  music  of  a  person's  body  could  be  healed  by 
music  from  an  instrument,  and  earthly  music  made  by  instruments  was  only  a  faint  echo  of  the  music  of 
the  heavens. 

The  Greeks  believed  that  the  stars  and  other  celestial  bodies  were  attached  to  "crystal  spheres"  that  re- 
volved daily  around  the  Earth.  Pythagoras  taught  that  each  of  the  seven  "planets"  (the  sun,  moon,  Mercury, 
Mars,  Venus,  Jupiter,  and  Saturn)  produced  a  unique  tone  that  depended  on  its  distance  from  the  Earth. 
Furthermore,  the  difference  in  pitch  between  the  celestial  tones  corresponded  to  musical  intervals 
made  by  instruments,  such  as  the  octave,  the  fourth,  and  the  fifth.  The  celestial  music  was  said  to  be  audi- 
ble only  to  a  select  few  people  (legend  has  it  that  Pythagoras  was  one  of  them). 

The  notion  of  a  "music  of  the  spheres  "remained  influential  throughout  the  Middle  Ages.  More  than 
2,000  years  after  Pythagoras,  the  German  astronomer  Johannes  Kepler  put  a  fresh  spin  on  this  ancient 
?  idea.  In  his  book  HarmonkesMundi  (Harmony  of  the  Worlds),  Kepler  hypothesized  that  the  tones  produced 
i  by  the  planets  shifted  back  and  forth  as  they  moved  in  elliptical  orbits  around  the  sun. 
1     According  to  Kepler,  Earth  "sang"the  notes  "Mi-Fa-Mi," which  he  believed  stood  for  "Misery"and  "Famine." 

— Ker  Than 


May-Ju 


Taking  note:  Purves, 

left;  Joshua  Tan,  a  junior, 

middle;  and  Kamraan  Gill, 

a  medical  student  and 

research  associate. 


Fa-So-La-Ti-Do"  taught  in  schools. 

The  widespread  use  of  the  chromatic  scale 
is  puzzling  if  you  consider  that  the  human 
auditory  system  is  capable  of  distinguishing 
a  very  large  number  of  notes,  also  called 
pitches,  over  the  range  of  sound  frequencies 
that  humans  can  hear  (about  20  to  20,000 
"hertz"  or  cycles  per  second). 

"Why  is  it,  despite  the  fact  that  we  can 
hear  many,  many  different  pitch  relation- 
ships, we  use  just  these  twelve  relationships 
in  music  pretty  much  universally?"  Purves 


asks.  "There  are  embellishments  on  this 
basic  fact — Arabian  and  Indian  music  and 
American  blues  use  some  well-defined  vari- 
ations— but,  basically,  we  humans  all  build 
music  using  the  same  bricks." 

Not  only  do  different  cultures  compose 
music  using  the  same  notes,  they  also  agree 
on  which  note  combinations  sound  pleas- 
ing and  which  rankle  the  ears — a  phenome- 
non music  theorists  and  auditory  scientists 
call  relative  consonance.  For  example,  given 
a  choice,  nearly  everyone  in  the  world  will 


agree  that  C  together  with  F,  which  is  the 
musical  interval  called  a  fourth,  is  a  more 
pleasing  note  combination  than  C  together 
with  F  sharp,  which  is  called  a  tritone. 

Philosophers  and  scientists  have  struggled 
for  centuries  to  explain  why  we  find  certain 
combinations  so  appealing.  One  of  the  ear- 
liest attempts  looked  at  music's  mathema- 
tical properties.  Some  2,500  years  ago,  the 
Greek  philosopher  Pythagoras,  who  was 
obsessed  with  numbers  and  their  signifi- 
cance, demonstrated  a  direct  relationship 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


*- 


between  how  pleasing  or  harmonious  some 
tone  combinations  sounded  and  the  physi- 
cal dimensions  of  the  object  that  produced 
them.  For  example,  a  plucked  string  will  al- 
ways sound  a  fourth  lower  in  pitch  than  an 
identical  string  three-quarters  its  length,  a 
fifth  lower  than  a  string  two-thirds  its 
length,  and  a  full  octave  lower  than  a  string 
half  its  length. 

Pythagoras  believed  that  the  intervals  of 
the  fourth,  the  fifth,  and  the  octave  sound- 
ed beautiful  because  the  ratio  of  the  fre- 


quency of  the  two  notes  making  up  the 

sounds  were  small-number  fractions  such  as 
4/3,  3/2,  or  2/1.  "It's  basically  a  mystical  ex- 
planation," says  David  Schwartz,  a  Duke 
neuroscientist  who  has  worked  with  Purves 
on  his  studies  of  music.  "He  thought  that  the 
gods  in  some  sense  preferred  simple  small 
numbers,  and  that  the  pleasure  we  take  in 
the  sounds  of  these  intervals  is  a  perceptual 
manifestation  of  the  intrinsic  beauty  of 
small-number  ratios." 

"Pythagoras  and  many  others  had  mysti- 


Whether  they  coax  music  by  plucking, 
striking,  or  blowing  instruments 
crafted  from  wood,  metal,  or  bone, 
people  in  just  about  every  culture  make 
music  in  the  same  general  way,  using 
subgroups  of  the  same  twelve  notes. 


fied  music  by  making  it  seem  that  it  had  to  do 
with  celestial  motions,"  Purves  says.  "That's 
just  hocus-pocus. 

"Others,  up  to  the  nineteenth  century 
and  beyond,  have  argued  that  it's  all  about 
physics,  that  you  can  explain  consonance  in 
terms  of  physical  relationships  having  to  do 
with  these  harmonic  ratios." 

The  belief  that  math  and  music  are  closely 
interrelated  is  still  widespread  today.  Indeed, 
an  entire  industry  has  been  built  around  the 
so-called  Mozart  effect,  the  controversial 
claim  that  listening  to  Mozart  or  other  com- 
plex music  provides  temporary  boosts  in  math- 
ematical abilities  because  the  brain  regions 
involved  in  processing  music  are  also  in- 
volved in  other  mental  tasks,  including  math. 

Dissatisfied  with  the  explanations  for  mu- 
sic's appeal  advanced  by  philosophers,  sci- 
entists, and  poets  alike,  Purves,  along  with 
Schwartz  and  Catherine  Howe  Ph.D.  '03 
(then  a  postdoctoral  fellow  at  Duke,  now  a 
resident  in  psychiatry),  decided  to  investi- 
gate for  themselves,  using  an  approach  based 
on  biology  and  evolution.  They  began  by 
asking  how  the  natural  environment  might 
have  shaped  our  musical  preferences. 

A  key  aspect  of  music  is  that  it  is  tonal, 
meaning  it  is  made  up  of  regularly  repeating 
or  "periodic"  sounds.  Most  periodic  sounds 
in  nature  are  made  by  living  things.  "In  order 
to  produce  periodic  sounds,  you  need  a  system 
that  has  an  oscillator  coupled  to  an  energy 
source  that  is  able  to  sustain  vibrations," 
Schwartz  says.  "All  living  things,  whether 
you're  talking  about  insects  or  frogs  or  you 
and  me,  can  produce  and  control  energy." 

The  most  salient  periodic  sounds  humans 
hear  on  a  consistent  basis  are  the  vocaliza- 
tions we  make  to  communicate  with  one 
another  by  means  of  speech,  Purves  says. 


May-June  2008 


And  speech,  like  music,  is  tonal.  Furthe- 
rmore, the  tonal  quality  of  speech  is  specifi- 
cally associated  with  the  production  of 
vowels  that  in  English  of  course  include  the 
sounds  represented  by  the  letters  a,  e,  i,  o, 
and  u.  That's  because  our  vocal  cords  only 
vibrate  during  vowel  production.  (In  con- 
trast, spoken  consonants,  which  in  English 
include  sounds  represented  by  the  letters  b, 
f,  t,  p,  and  so  on,  don't  require  the  vocal 
cords  and  are  thus  not  tonal.) 

"If  you  think  of  music  as  being  generated 
by  a  string  that's  plucked  on  a  guitar,  that's 
very  similar  physically  to  the  vibrations  of 


Human  speech  begins  with  the  vocal 
cords.  Air  forced  up  by  the  lungs 
passes  over  the  cords,  causing  them 
to  vibrate  at  certain  frequencies, 
depending  on  the  force  of  the  air  and  the 
position  of  the  vocal  cords.  These  "base" 
frequencies  are  then  modified  by  the  soft 
palate,  tongue,  lips,  and  other  parts  of  the 
vocal  tract,  filtering  out  some  frequencies 
and  creating  additional  "resonant"  ones. 

Purves  likens  our  vocal  cords  to  the  strings 
of  a  guitar  and  the  rest  of  the  vocal  tract  to 
the  guitar's  body.  "You  pluck  a  guitar  string 
absent  the  guitar,  it  sounds  like  hell,"  he 


"Whenever  we've  heard  happy  speech,  we've  tended  to 
hear  major-scale  tonal  ratios,"  Purves  says.  "Whenever  we've  heard  sad  speech, 

minor  tones  tend  to  be  involved." 


the  vocal  cords  during  vowel  production," 
Purves  explains. 

From  this  knowledge,  the  team  hypothe- 
sized that  speech  played  a  major  role  in 
shaping  the  evolution  and  development  of 
the  human  auditory  system,  including  the 
tonal  preferences  found  in  music.  The  team 
presented  evidence  supporting  this  idea  in  a 
2003  study  published  in  the  Journal  ofNeu- 
roscience.  In  the  study,  Purves,  Schwartz,  and 
Howe  took  short,  ten-  to  twenty-second 
sentences  spoken  by  more  than  600  speakers 
of  English  and  other  languages  and  broke 
them  into  50-  to  100-millisecond  sound  bites. 
The  resulting  100,000  or  so  sound  segments 
were  then  manipulated  to  cancel  out  the 
peculiarities  that  distinguish  one  person's 
speech  from  another — the  pitch  differences 
in  men's  and  women's  voices,  for  example. 

"What  you  end  up  with  is  what  is  com- 
mon to  all  the  speech  sounds,"  Schwartz 
says:  the  vowels  and  the  frequencies  they 
produce  when  vocalized.  Graphed,  the  ho- 
mogenized speech  sounds  resembled  jagged 
peaks  and  valleys.  Remarkably,  the  peaks, 
which  represent  strong  concentrations  of 
acoustic  energy,  corresponded  to  most  of 
the  twelve  notes  in  the  chromatic  scale. 

"The  peaks  happen  to  occur  at  ratios  that 
are  exactly  those  that  define  the  chromatic 
scale,"  Schwartz  says.  "It's  one  of  those  ex- 
amples of  a  picture  being  worth  a  thousand 
words." 

After  establishing  a  statistical  link  be- 
tween speech  and  music,  the  researchers  tried 
to  determine  which  aspects  of  speech  were 
generating  the  same  intervals  found  in  music. 


says.  "You  need  the  resonance  of  the  body  of 
the  guitar  to  transform  the  sound  into  some- 
thing that  sounds  good,  and  that  is  basically 
what  the  vocal  tract  does." 

The  most  energetic  resonant  frequencies 
of  speech  are  called  formants,  and  they  are 
critical  for  vowel  enunciation.  Nearly  every 
vowel  can  be  characterized  by  two  main  for- 
mants that  can  be  expressed  as  a  numerical 
ratio.  (The  frequency  of  the  first  formant  is 
between  200  and  1,000  hertz  and  the  fre- 
quency of  the  second  formant  is  between  800 
and  3,000  hertz,  depending  on  the  vowel.) 

In  a  2007  study  comparing  speech  and  mu- 
sic, reported  in  the  journal  Proceedings  of  the 


I  -M'plugU 


Figure  1 .  Human  vocal  tract.  The  tonal  quality 
of  speech  is  specifically  associated  with  the 
production  of  vowels,  because  our  vocal  cords 
only  vibrate  during  vowel  production. 


National  Academy  of  Sciences  this  past  Oc- 
tober, Purves,  Deborah  Ross,  a  postdoctoral 
research  fellow  in  Duke's  Center  for  Cogni- 
tive Neuroscience,  and  Jonathan  Choi  M.D. 
'08,  a  research  associate,  asked  native  speak- 
ers of  English  and  Mandarin  to  pronounce 
vowel  sounds  both  as  part  of  individual  words 
and  as  part  of  a  series  of  short  monologues. 

They  then  used  a  spectrum  analyzer  to 
break  apart  vowels  to  reveal  their  compo- 
nent formants.  A  comparison  of  the  ratios 
of  the  first  and  second  vowel  formants  and 
the  numerical  ratios  of  musical  intervals 
revealed  that  the  two  sets  of  ratios  were  very 
similar.  "In  about  70  percent  of  the  speech 
sounds,  these  ratios  were  bang-on  musical 
intervals,"  Purves  says. 

For  example,  when  people  say  "o,"  as  in 
the  syllable  "bod,"  the  frequency  ratio  be- 
tween the  first  two  formants  might  corre- 
spond to  a  major  sixth — the  interval  be- 
tween the  musical  notes  C  and  A.  When 
they  say  the  "oo"  sound  in  "booed,"  the  ra- 
tio matches  a  major  third — the  distance 
between  C  and  E. 

The  results  were  similar  in  Mandarin 
speakers.  In  both  languages,  an  octave  gap 
was  the  most  common,  while  a  minor  sixth, 
which  is  the  interval  between  the  musical 
notes  C  and  A-flat,  was  fairly  uncommon — 
a  pattern  reflected  in  the  musical  prefer- 
ences of  many  cultures  around  the  world 
(see  Figure  2). 

For  both  English  and  Mandarin  speakers, 
the  major  formants  in  vowel  sounds  paral- 
leled the  intervals  for  the  most  commonly 
used  intervals  in  music  worldwide,  namely 
the  octave,  the  fifth,  the  fourth,  the  major 
third,  and  the  major  sixth. 

To  Purves,  the  upshot  is  a  simple  truth: 
"There's  a  biological  basis  for  music,  and 
that  biological  basis  is  the  similarity  be- 
tween music  and  speech,"  he  says.  "That's 
the  reason  that  we  like  music." 

Purves  thinks  that  human  speech  can  ex- 
plain more  than  just  relative  consonance.  It 
might  also  hold  the  key  to  explaining  mu- 
sic's most  mysterious  property,  the  one  that 
makes  it  enchanting  even  to  people  with  no 
musical  training. 

Much  of  music's  power  lies  in  its  ability  to 
communicate  without  words,  to  speak  di- 
rectly to  our  emotions.  Melodies  can  etch 
themselves  into  our  brains  and  remain  for  a 
lifetime.  Songs  can  break  your  heart,  or  help 
to  mend  it.  "We're  all  familiar  with  the  fact 
that  music  has  an  emotional  impact,"  says 
Purves.  "That's  one  of  the  reasons  we  like  it. 
It  generates  different  emotional  responses, 


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0  500  1000  1500  2000 

Frequency  (Hz) 

Figure  2.  Music  in  speech.  Frequency  ratios  between  the  first  two  formants  or  areas  of  high  energy 
produced  when  people  make  certain  vowel  sounds.  For  example,  when  you  say  the  "o"  (a)  sound 
in  "bod,"  the  frequency  ratio  between  the  first  two  formants  (FJ  and  F2)  matches  a  major  sixth 
— the  distance  between  C  and  A,  as  indicated  on  the  piano  keys.  The  vertical  axis  of  the  graphs 
shows  loudness  represented  in  decibels.  The  horizontal  axis  shows  frequencies  in  hertz. 


and  producing  those  responses  is  clearly  the 
goal  of  a  lot  of  musical  compositions." 

In  particular,  music  composed  in  major 
scales  sounds  bright,  spirited,  and  happy, 
while  minor  scale  music  tends  to  sound  sad, 
lugubrious,  and  dark.  Musicians  have  known 
about  and  used  these  relationships  for  cen- 
turies to  great  effect,  but  there  is  no  consen- 
sus about  why  major  and  minor  tone  combi- 
nations evoke  the  emotions  that  they  do. 

In  a  study  currently  under  way,  the  re- 
searchers are  testing  the  hypothesis  that 
when  people  talk  in  a  happy  way,  the  for- 
mant  relationships  in  their  vowels  corre- 
spond with  major  keys.  And  when  they  talk 
in  a  bored,  neutral,  or  sad  way,  their  for- 
mant  relationships  are  minor.  "Whenever 
we've  heard  happy  speech,  we've  tended  to 
hear  major-scale  tonal  ratios,"  Purves  says. 
"Whenever  we've  heard  sad  speech,  minor 
tones  tend  to  be  involved. 

"We  have  thus  been  making  those  associ- 
ations since  the  day  we  were  born.  Perhaps 
when  we  hear  music  in  a  major  scale,  we  un- 
consciously associate  it  with  happy  speech 
and  tend  to  have  that  emotional  response, 
and  vice  versa  for  music  in  a  minor  scale." 


Dale  Purves'  musical  research  is  gen- 
erally consistent  with  other  work  on 
human  perception  he  has  conducted 
in  an  attempt  to  understand  vision 
(see  Duke  Magazine,  July-August,  2000).  Pur- 
ves has  long  argued  that  when  we  see,  our 
brain  is  not  so  much  analyzing  the  present 
as  it  is  constructing  a  perception  based  on 
past  experiences. 

Dissatisfied  with  conventional  explana- 
tions for  how  vision  works,  Purves  hypothe- 
sized that  the  properties  of  vision  must  some- 
how be  shaped  by  the  world — that  through 
evolution,  vision,  and  perception  in  gener- 
al, humans  must  have  adapted  to  the  envi- 
ronment we  live  in.  "We  need  to  understand 
the  environment  in  which  we  have  to  make 
our  living,  or  we  won't  be  making  that  living 
for  very  long,"  Purves  says. 

The  evidence  that  vision  works  in  this 
counterintuitive  way  is  most  apparent  in  vis- 
ual illusions,  in  which  discord  exists  between 
how  people  perceive  the  world  and  how  the 
world  really  is.  A  good  example  is  the  stan- 
dard "brightness  contrast"  illusion  found  in 
psychology  textbooks.  When  pictures  of  two 
identically  shaded  tiles  are  placed  against  dif- 


ferent shades  of  gray,  people  see  the  tile  on 
the  dark  background  as  lighter  than  the  tile 
on  the  lighter  background.  Many  scientists 
explain  these  illusions  as  perceptual  errors 
made  by  an  otherwise  well-functioning  visu- 
al system.  Purves  hypothesized  "that  they 
were  not  in  fact  mistakes,  but  correct  percep- 
tions if  you  understood  what  the  visual  sys- 
tem is  actually  trying  to  do,"  Schwartz  says. 

Purves'  alternative  explanation  is  based 
on  a  long-recognized  problem  with  the  vis- 
ual and  other  sensory  systems,  including 
auditory.  Any  aspect  of  a  given  sensory  stim- 
ulus, such  as  the  amount  of  light  coming  to 
the  eye  from  its  surface  in  the  tile  example, 
can  arise  from  an  infinite  number  of  real- 
world  scenarios.  For  example,  our  eyes  re- 
ceive exactly  the  same  physical  stimulus  from 
a  highly  reflective  surface  in  weak  lighting 
and  a  dull  surface  in  stronger  lighting. 

So  how  does  the  brain  distinguish  be- 
tween the  two  real-world  scenarios  and 
respond  appropriately?  Purves  and  his  col- 
laborators argue  that  the  visual  part  of  the 
brain  generates  perceptions  on  the  basis  of 
what  a  given  stimulus — such  as  an  image  on 
the  retina — has  signified  in  the  past. 

According  to  this  view,  humans  and  other 
visual  animals  do  not  see  the  world  as  it 
really  is.  They  see  it  through  the  filters  of  their 
sophisticated  sense  organs  and  brains,  and 
they  also  see  it  through  the  distorted  lens  of 
experience,  both  their  own  and  that  of  their 
species.  Understood  in  this  way,  visual  illu- 
sions are  not  perceptual  errors  on  the  part  of 
our  visual  system,  but  correct  perceptual  de- 
cisions made  in  unnatural  settings.  "What  are 
termed  perceptual  errors  or  illusions  are  in 
fact  evidence  of  just  how  sophisticated  the 
visual  system  is,"  Schwartz  says. 

Purves'  musical  research  extends  his  the- 
ory to  the  auditory  system  because,  here  too, 
experience  plays  a  critical  role:  Our  exposure 
to  speech  has  shaped  our  preferences  for  the 
kinds  of  sounds  that  we  like  to  hear. 

A  major  implication  of  his  research  is  that 
music  is  not  an  abstract  phenomenon  ex- 
plained by  mathematical  formulas,  neither 
is  the  human  love  of  music  a  cosmic  coinci- 
dence begging  for  a  mystical  explanation.  It 
is  a  wondrous  byproduct  of  evolution. 

"Pythagoras  wanted  to  explain  music  in 
mathematical  ratios.  That  just  doesn't  work," 
Purves  says. 

"Music  is  far  more  complex  than  Pythag- 
oras. The  reason  doesn't  have  to  do  with 
mathematics.  It  has  to  do  with  biology."      ■ 

Than  is  a  freelance  writer  based  in  New  York. 


May-June  2008 


Meeting  the  people:  Paul  at  Salem,  New  Hampshire,  town  hall  meeting. 


Dean.  His  2004  presidential  campaign  flamed 
out  in  Iowa  after  he'd  flooded  the  state  with 
ads  and  volunteers,  in  much  the  same  way 
Paul's  campaign  failed  in  New  Hampshire. 
But  Dean's  supporters,  many  of  them  also 
first-time  volunteers,  stuck  with  politics; 
they  went  on  to  become  Democratic  pre- 
cinct captains  in  their  local  communities, 
run  leading  blogs  such  as  DailyKos  and 
MyDD,  and  occupy  high-level  positions  (of- 
ten in  online  organizing)  in  the  offices  of  al- 
most every  major  Democratic  presidential 
campaign  in  2008.  Dean  himself  became 
chair  of  the  Democratic  National  Committee, 
the  embodiment  of  the  party  mainstream. 

It's  hard  to  see  Paul  following  exactly  the 
same  course.  "Dean  is  at  core  a  pragmatist," 
says  Zephyr  Rain  Teachout  A.M.  '99,  J.D.  '99, 
a  visiting  assistant  professor  of  law  at  Duke 
who  was  Dean's  online  campaign  director. 
"That's  why  he  was  antiwar — it  was  prag- 
matism, it  wasn't  pacifism.  And  my  sense, 
although  I  know  it  makes  Ron  Paul  sup- 
porters angry  when  I  say  this,  is  that  Ron 
Paul  is  an  ideologue.  And  so  those  do  then 
attract  very  different  kinds  of  people." 

Paul's  uncompromising  stances  on  civil 
liberties  and  taxes,  his  anti-establishment 
rhetoric,  and  his  knack  for  co-opting  out- 
siders have  deified  him  among  a  ragtag  group 
of  radicals.  They  include  card-carrying  mem- 
bers of  the  Libertarian  Party  who  reject  com- 


promise candidates,  conspiracy  theorists  who 
deny  the  media's  explanation  of  everything 
from  9/1 1  to  Israel,  and  anarcho-capitalists 
who  oppose  the  very  idea  of  government. 

And  yet  other  avid  Paulites — most  not- 
ably, techies — seem  to  have  been  plucked 
straight  from  the  Dean  camp.  Dean  has  char- 
acterized his  partnership  with  the  Netroots 
online  activists  as  completely  organic  (when 
a  reporter  asked  him  last  year  why  he'd  cho- 
sen to  embrace  the  Net,  he  replied,  "The 
Internet  embraced  us"),  but  the  truth  is  that 
the  tech  crowd  came  late  to  the  Dean  cam- 


ity,  the  IRS,  and  the  Department  of  Com- 
merce, he  spoke  in  Silicon  Valley's  lingua 
franca.  Many  valley  libertarians  are  furious 
about  the  investor-protection  rules  of  the 
Sarbanes-Oxley  Act,  a  law  they  blame  for 
driving  Wall  Street  IPOs  to  London.  That 
kind  of  self-interested,  anti-government 
leaning  cross-pollinates  in  the  techie  brain 
with  the  yearning  for  a  reassuringly  Car- 
tesian political  philosophy.  "Techies  think 
of  life  as  like  code,"  says  Peter  Leyden,  a 
|  Democratic  strategist  and  former  editor  of 
§  Silicon  Valley's  original  libertarian-leaning 
g,  tech  bible,  Wired.  "You  just  find  where  the 
S  bug  is  and  fix  it."  Capitalism  and  democracy 
1  are  seen  as  self-regulating  systems  that  bu- 
reaucrats can  only  screw  up — exactly  the 
way  Paul  sees  them. 

Obviously,  Paul's  radical  views  make  ap- 
pealing to  a  broad  swath  of  the  electorate 
more  difficult  than  it  would  be  for  more 
mainstream  candidates.  Still,  a  recent  study 
by  the  Cato  Institute  found  that  some  15 
percent  of  voters  hold  typically  libertarian 
opinions  on  the  issues,  and  trends  suggest 
they're  hungry  for  a  political  leader  they 
can  believe  in.  Although  they've  most  of- 
ten voted  Republican — enthusiastically  for 
Goldwater  in  1964  and  Reagan  in  1980 — 
they  began  to  abandon  the  GOP  in  droves 
just  as  the  party  pressed  ahead  with  the  Pa- 
triot Act,  Guantanamo,  and  the  war  in  Iraq. 


In  1976,  the  young  physician  entered  the  U.S.  House  of 
Representatives  as  a  Republican  and  quickly  gained  a  reputation  as 
Congress'  most  quixotic  opponent  of  government  power. 

paign  and  in  response  to  targeted  outreach  by  In  the  2002  midterm  elections,  Republicans 
staffers.  "We  had  a  tech  council,  we  reached  won  70  percent  of  the  libertarian  vote  to 
out  to  people  like  [open-source  guru]  Larry     the  Democrats'  23,  but  in  2006,  the  split 


Lessig,  we  got  [the  tech  blog]  Slashdot- 
other  candidate  had  done  that  before,"  Teach- 
out  says.  "But  as  politics  go,  it  was  not  a  nat- 
ural fit.  It  was  just  the  first  time  that  any- 
body had  talked  to  them." 

When  Paul  talked  to  the  tech  crowd  at 
Google  last  summer  and  promised  to  elimi- 
nate the  Department  of  Homeland  Secur- 


was  much  closer:  54-46. 

This  year,  Paul  engaged  these  voters  in 
ways  no  fellow  Republican  dared,  and  no 
Libertarian  Party  candidate  had  thought  to 
try,  wrapping  his  opposition  to  domestic 
spying,  torture,  and  taxes  in  a  shrewd  pop- 
ulism. During  the  Republican  debates,  the 
other  candidates  emphasized  wealth  and 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Rally  rouser:  An  enthusiastic  crowd  of  Iowa  supporters  cheer  their  candidate  on. 


security,  but  "the  rhetoric  of  freedom  was 
almost  entirely  missing,  except  for  Ron  Paul," 
Teachout  observes.  "This  is  a  really  deep 
American  idea.  If  only  one  candidate  talks 
about  it,  that's  really  exciting  [to  voters], 
and  there  is  some  anger  that  the  other  can- 
didates are  not." 

Paul  is  soft-spoken,  charming,  and  articu- 
late but  not  particularly  charismatic.  Sup- 
porters tend  to  see  him  as  a  straight-talking 
everyman,  someone  for  whom  appearances 
are  less  important  than  classic  American 
values.  He  grew  up  on  a  Pennsylvania  dairy 
farm,  where  his  first  job,  at  age  five,  was  to 
watch  as  his  uncle  washed  milk  bottles  and 
put  them  on  a  conveyor  belt.  He  earned  a 
penny  for  every  dirty  bottle  he  found.  Money 
saved  from  delivering  newspapers,  mowing 
lawns,  and  working  at  a  drug  store  and  cof- 
fee shop  paid  for  college.  Ron  Paul  was 
"brought  up  with  the  ethic  that  you  worked 
for  six  days  a  week  and  went  to  church  on 
the  seventh,"  his  wife,  Carol,  has  written. 


These  early  experiences  would  inform  his 
belief  that  anyone  can  succeed  in  life — 
without  the  help  of  the  government. 

Paul's  near  mythical  biography  helps  him 
evoke  the  memory  of  an  older,  better,  and 
mostly  forgotten  American  republic,  lend- 
ing his  radical  ideas  the  legitimizing  tinge  of 
history.  Throughout  the  campaign,  Paul  de- 
scribed himself  as  a  Constitutionalist  and 
pledged  to  uphold  the  document  as  the 
Founding  Fathers  (and  not  the  Bush  admin- 
istration) had  intended.  And  he  revived  a 
nineteenth-century  debate  over  the  gold 
standard,  addressing  a  long-dormant  Ameri- 
can suspicion  of  the  federal  banking  system 
that  had  been  awakened  by  the  tumbling 
dollar. 

"He  is  calling  on  our  collective  memory 
with  these  symbols  that  have  a  deep  Ameri- 
can resonance,"  Teachout  says.  "The  Con- 
stitution and  the  gold  standard  are  both 
really  visceral  symbols  at  a  time  when  peo- 
ple are  feeling  insecure." 


In  a  few  other  ways  that  went  beyond 
the  standard  small-government  script, 
Paul  capitalized  upon  American  disqui- 
et. He  broke  with  most  libertarians  to 
support  much  tighter  controls  on  immigra- 
tion, tapping  into  resurgent  American  na- 
tivism.  And  his  pro-life  views,  though  they 
doubtless  wooed  some  cultural  conserva- 
tives, aren't  shared  by  the  Libertarian  Party. 
Still,  both  Paul  stances  find  a  place  in  the 
wider  libertarian  tent,  falling  into  an  ideo- 
logical sideshow,  known  as  paleolibertarian- 
ism,  which  seeks  common  cause  with  the 
conservative  movement  that  predated  the 
neocons.  The  best-known  exponent  of  this 
strain,  Lewellyn  Rockwell,  is  Paul's  former 
chief  of  staff  and  directs  the  Ludwig  von 
Mises  Institute,  a  paleolibertarian  think 
tank  in  Auburn,  Alabama. 

The  clear  downside  of  Paul's  populist 
brand  of  libertarianism  is  that  it  has  attract- 
ed an  unusual  amount  of  support  for  his 
campaign  among  racists.  In  November,  the 


May-June  2008 


When  Paul  talked  to  the  tech  crowd 
at  Google  last  summer  and  prom- 
ised to  eliminate  the  Department  of 
Homeland  Security,  the  IRS,  and  the 
Department  of  Commerce,  he  spoke 
in  Silicon  Valley's  lingua  franca. 


Paul  campaign  refused  to  return  a  $500 
donation  from  the  publisher  of  a  well-known 
neo-Nazi  website  after  it  was  brought  to  his 
attention.  Two  months  later,  The  New  Re- 
public reported  that  dozens  of  overtly  racist 
articles  had  appeared  over  the  span  of  dec- 
ades in  newsletters  published  under  Paul's 
name.  Although  Paul  denied  knowledge  of 
the  articles,  Munger,  the  Libertarian  Duke 
political  scientist,  faults  him  for,  at  mini- 
mum, creating  an  environment  in  which 
racism  flourishes.  As  if  to  make  amends, 
Paul  held  his  third  money-bomb  fundraiser, 
which  raised  nearly  $2  million,  on  Martin 
Luther  King  Jr.  Day.  "Two  great  men,  with 
one  great  message,"  says  the  script  of  a  slick 
video  promoting  the  event.  Both  King  and 
Paul  were  fighting  back  against  the  "War  on 
Freedom,"  according  to  the  video. 

A  montage  of  protest  and  battle  footage 
that  screens  like  the  preview  to  a  Hollywood 
thriller,  the  video  was  created  and  posted 
on  YouTube  by  a  twenty-five-year-old.  It  is 
one  of  hundreds  of  independent  short  films, 
music  videos,  and  websites  supporting  Paul 
that  have  been  posted  online  by  volunteers 
in  their  twenties  and  thirties.  Many  of  the 
ads  call  to  mind  libertarian  messages  in 
commercials  such  as  Apple's  "Think  Dif- 
ferent" campaign,  a  fitting  parallel  given 
that  the  Libertarian  Party  was  founded  in 
1971  in  the  living  room  of  an  advertising 
executive.  "We  might  be  coming  full  cir- 
cle," Teachout  says,  "where  there  is  this  co- 
option  [in  campaign  ads]  of  this  libertarian 
language  in  advertising — be  yourself,  don't 
be  dominated — which  is  now  actually  pret- 
ty deeply  embedded  in  young  people." 

As  the  major  state  primaries  neared, 
Paul's  newbie  volunteers  had  created  so 
many  pro-Paul  ads  on  the  Net,  donated  so 
much  money,  and  swarmed  so  many  online 
straw  polls  (often  to  the  point  that  media 


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outlets  spiked  the  polls  or  removed  Paul's 
name)  that  they  posed  the  risk  of  creating 
an  echo  chamber.  Someone  who  lived 
online  might  never  know  that  Paul  polled 
in  the  low  single  digits  in  the  real  world. 
Many  Netizens  believed  the  polls  were 
wrong  and  the  media  were  complicit  in  the 
cover-up.  "People  I  know,  people  who  were 
otherwise  rational,  they  were  shocked  when 
he  did  so  poorly,  when  the  polls  proved 
accurate,"  Munger  says.  He  worries  that  the 
crushing  defeat  might  discourage  Paulites 
from  future  activism.  "A  lot  of  them  are 
going  to  swear  off  politics  forever." 

Dean's  sudden,  demoralizing  loss  in  Iowa, 
however,  did  not  hamper  the  long-term  zeal 
of  his  volunteers.  "The  primary  experience 
of  the  Dean  campaign  seemed  to  be  a  recog- 
nition of  power,  as  opposed  to  depression," 
Teachout  says.  Staffers  were  depressed.  Vol- 
unteers, not  so  much.  Partly  that's  because 
they  had  found  a  social  network  of  like- 
minded  people;  making  friends  can  be  al- 
most as  fun  as  winning. 

The  most  reliable  determinant  of  politi- 
cal volunteerism  is  whether  somebody  has 
volunteered  in  the  past,  Munger  notes.  And 
members  of  Meetup  groups,  which  gather 
on  a  regular  basis,  are  even  more  likely  than 
other  political  activists  to  stay  involved, 
Teachout  says.  By  encouraging  his  support- 
ers to  rely  on  Meetup,  Paul  "probably  has 
created  a  new  network  of  libertarian-orient- 
ed activist  groups  around  the  country  that 
will  really  see  their  power  [within  the  GOP] 
ten  years  from  now." 

The  vexing  question  for  Paul  support- 
ers is  how  to  volunteer  right  now  or 
in  the  next  election.  Unlike  the  Dean 
campaign,  which  encouraged  its  local 
Meetup  groups  to  devote  half  of  their  time 
to  working  on  local  issues,  Paul's  Meetups 
have  been  more  focused  on  Paul.  And  with 
"Dr.  No"  neutralized,  there  are  few  other 
viable  libertarian-leaning  Republicans  or 
Libertarian  Party  candidates  for  his  support- 
ers to  rally  around.  Libertarian  activists  lack 
anything  resembling  a  strong  political  farm 
team,  unlike  the  Deaniacs,  who  in  2006 
backed  a  bumper  crop  of  antiwar  Demo- 


parties  in  America  have  rarely  had  it  so 
gh.  Ralph  Nader's  perennial  race  for 
president,  a  lightning  rod  for  idealists  in 
2000  and  the  object  of  left-wing  scorn  in 
2004,  this  year  became  a  clownish  sideshow. 
"Irrelevant  at  any  speed," read  one  headline. 

On  the  right,  Republican  presidential  candidate 
Ron  Paul  stole  the  Libertarian  Party's  fire;  his  free- 
market,  antiwar  manifestos  at  the  GOP  debates 
helped  rake  in  exponentially  more  money,  volun- 
teers, and  media  attention  than  any  Libertarian 
Party  candidate  ever  had.  Together,  the  candidates 
forced  even  radicals  to  wonder  whether  third  par- 
ties have  outlived  their  usefulness. 

Of  course,  third  parties  can  still  have  an  impact, 
even  if  they  don't  actually  win  elections.  In  his  doc- 
toral thesis,  "Life  of  the  Party  or  Just  the  Third 
Wheel?"  Daniel  J.  Lee,  a  sixth-year  graduate  stu- 
dent in  political  science,  showed  that  third  parties 
forced  the  major  parties  to  court  their  activists.  In 
Congressional  districts  where  third  parties  could 
easily  get  their  candidates  on  the  ballot,  Lee  found 
that  Republicans  and  Democrats  exhibited  more 
pronounced  policy  differences,  even  when  third- 
party  candidates  didn't  run — that  they  might  is 
what  mattered.  "It's  all  about  the  threat,"  Lee  says. 
"The  major  parties  strategically  anticipate  the 
potential  for  third-party  challengers." 

Viewed  this  way,  Paul's  GOP  presidential  race 
resembled  a  third-party  bid.  He'd  already  sought 

presidency  on  the  1 988  Libertarian  Party  ticket, 
and  the  threat  that  he  might  try  it  again  created  a 
libertarian  pull  on  the  Republican  Party,  Lee  says. 
Still,  the  threat  would  have  been  less  credible  if 
Libertarian  Party  activists  hadn't  spent  years  build- 
ing a  volunteer  corps  and  challenging  restrictive 
ballot  access  laws. 

"Having  the  state-sponsored  parties  decide 

o  voters  get  to  choose  from  is  not  right,"  says 
Duke  political  science  professor  Michael  Munger, 

is  himself  collecting  signatures  to  qualify  for  a 
Libertarian  Party  bid  in  the  North  Carolina  guber- 
natorial race.  "I  think  that  competition  is  always 
going  to  help  make  the  parties  more  accountable." 

Munger  now  sees  the  most  enthusiasm  for  third 
parties  at  the  local  level.  In  the  South  and 
Midwest,  Republicans  and  Democrats  alike  often 
support  capital  punishment  and  a  constitutional 
amendment  banning  gay  marriage.  "Progressive 
activists  are  finding  there's  just  nobody  saying 
anything  that  they  care  about,"  Munger  says. 
"They'd  like  to  have  a  Ralph  Nader  at  the  state 
level."  But,  he  adds,  that  doesn't  mean  they  want 
to  see  him  making  any  more  noise  in  Washington. 
"They  are  worried  about  losing." 

— Josh  Harkinson 


Reflecting  on  history:  Paul  gathers  his  thoughts  in  the  Iowa  Historical  Building,  surrounded  by  a  retrospective  exhibit  of  the  state's  caucuses. 


cratic  Congressional  candidates.  "The  anal- 
ogy to  the  Dean  campaign  is  false,"  Munger 
says.  "The  Ron  Paul  campaign  is  sui  generis. 
People  made  contributions  in  large  num- 
bers but  without  any  sort  of  political  sophis- 
tication or  sense  of  what  do  we  do  next. 
And  that's  what's  missing:  the  next  step  up 
the  pyramid." 

Already,  though,  a  few  Paul  partisans  have 
vaulted  up  to  the  next  level  of  political  so- 
phistication. Independent  websites  such  as 
ronpaulsacrossamerica.com  and  PaulCongress . 
com  list  Republican  and  Libertarian  Party 
candidates  who  have  been  endorsed  by  Paul 
or  share  his  agenda.  PaulCongress.com  cre- 
ator Tim  Fauer,  a  retail  manager  from  New 
Mexico,  acknowledges  that  only  a  handful 
of  the  candidates  have  a  prayer  of  winning 
and  that  none  of  them  has  experienced 
anything  close  to  Paul's  fundraising  success. 
Still,  he  says,  "People  I  talk  to  say  they  are  in 
this  for  the  long  term.  This  is  a  movement, 
and  not  just  a  presidential  campaign." 


People  who  hold  libertarian  views  sharply 
disagree  over  whether  to  pursue  the  move- 
ment within  the  constraints  of  the  GOP  or 
redirect  their  efforts  back  into  the  Liber- 
tarian Party.  That  Paul  failed  to  win  a  single 
GOP  state  primary  with  his  arsenal  of  cash 
and  volunteers  convinced  Munger  that  no 
libertarian  will  anytime  soon.  The  Repub- 
lican blogosphere  remains  hostile  to  Paul 
(RedState.com  banned  his  supporters  from 
promoting  their  candidate  in  the  blog's  com- 
ments section),  and  the  grass-roots  party 
structure  is  dominated  by  Evangelical  Chris- 
tians. Better  to  act  as  a  third-party  spoiler  in 
the  general  election,  "where  at  least  it's  close," 
Munger  says.  On  the  other  side  of  the  de- 
bate, Brian  Doherty,  an  editor  with  the  lib- 
ertarian magazine  Reason,  sees  in  the  out- 
sized  influence  of  Evangelicals  the  idea  that 
a  committed  cadre  of  libertarian  activists 
could  sway  the  Republican  Party  despite 
their  limited  numbers.  Yet  he  notes  that 
rigid  ideologues  like  Paul  don't  make  attrac- 


tive party  members.  "That's  actually  why  the 
GOP  is  a  little  less  respectful  of  them  than 
you'd  think  they  might  be,"  he  says. 

In  the  short  term,  several  events  could 
prove  pivotal  to  Paul's  movement.  The  cam- 
paign is  promoting  a  "Ron  Paul  Freedom 
March"  on  Washington  for  this  summer, 
which  is  billed  as  "the  largest  rally  and 
march  for  freedom  in  recorded  history."  A 
large  turnout  could  carry  the  movement  in- 
to the  next  stage;  a  paltry  showing  could 
help  deflate  it.  And  Paul  has  yet  to  an- 
nounce whether  he'll  use  his  multimillion- 
dollar  war  chest  to  support  like-minded  lo- 
cal candidates.  His  followers  are  divided  on 
the  question.  Given  the  decentralized  na- 
ture of  Paul's  campaign,  though,  it's  clear 
that  whatever  he  does  will  matter  less  than 
decisions  made  between  now  and  the  next 
election  by  his  thousands  of  avid  supporters. 
They,  not  Paul,  are  the  real  revolution.      ■ 

Harkinson  '99  is  a  staff  writer  for  Mother  Jones. 


May-June  2008 


By  Robert  J.  Bliwise 


Dan  Ariely  is  interested  in  your  So- 
cial Security  number.  Purely  for  re- 
search purposes. 
Imagine  yourself  in  a  class  of  stu- 
dents. There's  Ariely  in  front  of  the  class 
with  an  array  of  enticements — some  bottles 
of  wine,  a  computer  mouse,  Belgian  choco- 
lates. Ponder  those  products,  he  tells  you, 
and  write  down  the  last  two  digits  of  your 
Social  Security  number;  that  would  be  79 
for  Ariely.  Then  note,  product  by  product, 
whether  you  would  be  willing  to  pay  $79. 
Are  you  craving  those  chocolates  or  moved 
by  that  mouse?  Well,  they're  all  going  to  be 
dispersed  in  an  auction.  What  are  they 
worth  to  you  ? 

Your  ending  digits,  it  turns  out,  correlate 
with  the  size  of  your  bid:  If  your  digits  are 
low,  your  bid  will  be  low;  if  your  digits  are 
high,  your  bid  will  be  high.  That  doesn't 
mean  that  as  you  go  through  life  as  a  Social 
Security  79er,  you'll  always  pay  more  for 
everything  than  a  29er.  But  once  $79  be- 
comes a  figure  of  consequence,  it  becomes 
the  departure  point  for  deciding  what  you'd 
be  willing  to  pay.  The  first  decision,  then, 
influences  your  later  decisions.  "It  turns  out 
that  we  can  push  people's  willingness  to  pay 
up  and  down  quite  dramatically,"  Ariely  says, 
"just  by  getting  them  to  think  about  some- 
thing from  a  different  starting  point." 

The  starting  point  for  understanding 
Ariely  Ph.D.  '98  is  to  know  something  about 
the  field  called  behavioral  economics — the 
field  in  which,  at  age  forty-one,  he's  already 
an  established  star.  Ariely  returned  to  Duke 
last  fall  from  MIT,  where  he  had  joint 
appointments  in  the  program  in  Media  Arts 
and  Sciences,  the  Sloan  School  of  Man- 
agement, and  the  Media  Lab  (for  which  he 
was  principal  investigator  for  the  "eRation- 


' 


.? 


\  '  lilt 


According  to  behavioral  economist 
our  lives  are  a  series  of  ill-considered 
choices.  His  quest  is  to  figure  out 
the  forces  that  make  us,  time  after  time, 
irrational  decision-makers. 


Wh» We  Do  BBS 


50         DUKE  MAGAZINE 


*w 


Boosting  a  best-seller:  Ariely  at  Manhattan's  flagship  Barnes  &  Noble  store. 


May-June  2008         51 


Ariely,  says  one  of  his  former  graduate  students, 
'made  me  see  things  that  I  could  do,  that  I  always  wanted  to  do,  but  that 


ality"  group).  Beginning  this  fall,  he  gives 
up  his  "visiting"  professorship  and  becomes 
James  B.  Duke  Professor  of  business  admin- 
istration, along  with  a  secondary  appoint- 
ment in  economics  and  an  affiliation  with 
the  Center  for  Cognitive  Neuroscience. 

Ariely  defines  behavioral  economics  as 
driven  by  "looking  at  the  same  questions  that 
standard  economics  is  looking  at,  but  with- 
out assuming  people  are  rational."  Standard 
economics  is  "basically  a  beautiful,  elegant 
theory  that  tries  to  describe  everything  ac- 
cording to  a  set  of  very  simple  constructs," 
he  says.  Behavioral  economics  is  messier. 
Ariely  finds  explanatory  parallels  in  the 
visual  illusions  that  he  enjoys  sharing  with 
visitors:  The  individual  sees,  for  example, 
an  upside-down  "T"  in  which  the  two  lines 
appear  to  be  drawn  to  different  lengths  but 
are  measurably  identical.  The  brain,  in  es- 
sence, fills  in  a  pattern  that  isn't  really  there. 

"It  turns  out  that  more  of  our  brain  is  ded- 
icated to  vision  than  to  anything  else," 
Ariely  says.  "And  we  practice  more  vision 
than  we  practice  anything  else.  So  if  we 
make  mistakes  in  vision,  what's  the  chance 
that  we  will  not  make  mistakes  in  other 
things  that  we're  not  as  practiced  [in]  or  de- 
signed to  do,  like  financial  decision-making 
and  decision-making  about  our  health?  The 
research  we've  done  shows  it's  very,  very  low. 
In  fact,  we're  likely  to  make  repeatable,  pre- 
dictable mistakes  in  those  domains  as  well." 

Some  of  those  domains  are  familiar — like 
shopping  at  Starbucks.  As  the  standard  eco- 
nomics model  would  have  it,  the  coffee- 
seeking  consumer  should  be  asking  himself, 
"Is  this  the  best  way  to  spend  $3.50?"  But, 
in  Ariely 's  view,  here's  the  more  likely  sce- 
nario: You  have  been  a  Dunkin'  Donuts  cof- 
fee consumer,  but  you  dare  to  be  different, 
just  this  once,  when  you  happen  to  spot  a 
Starbucks.  The  prices  are  much  higher  than 
what  you're  used  to,  but,  with  all  the  fancy- 
sounding  brews  and  the  soothing  sound- 
track, it's  obviously  not  a  Dunkin'  Donuts 
environment.  So  your  mind  drifts  from  price 
comparisons.  The  next  week,  you  pass  by 
Starbucks  again. 

"Now,  what  do  you  remember  from  last 
week?  Do  you  remember  how  thirsty  you 


never  had  the  courage  to  attempt." 


were,  or  how  tired  you  were,  or  how  coffee- 
deprived  you  were?  Probably  not.  You  take 
your  past  decision,  you  assume  it  was  sensi- 
ble, and  you  extrapolate  from  that  your  next 
decision.  And  the  weeks  go  by,  and  every 
time  you  walk  into  Starbucks.  Over  time 
you  stop  thinking  about  whether  the  price 
is  high  or  low." 

S  n  February,  HarperCollins  published 
■  Ariely's  provocatively  (and  counterin- 
I  tuitively)  titled  book,  Predictably  hra- 
m  tional:  The  Hidden  Forces  That  Shape  Our 
Decisions.  As  an  engaging  account  of  eco- 
nomics applied  to  everyday  life,  it  has  drawn 
comparisons,  inevitably,  to  Freakonomics, 
Stephen  Levitt's  2005  publishing  sensation. 
Ariely's  website  is  packed  with  testimonials 
from  Nobel  laureates,  corporate  leaders,  and 
even  celebrity  chef  Michael  Ruhlman  '85. 
Within  days  of  its  publication,  Predictably 
Irrational  was  receiving  pleasing  attention 
from  some  of  the  key  cultural  tastemakers: 
National  Public  Radio,  The  New  Yorker,  and 
The  New  York  Times.  After  just  a  few  weeks, 
it  ranked  fifth  on  The  New  York  Times  best- 
seller list. 

As  often  happens  in  Ariely's  world,  the 
experience  of  seeing  the  book  published  has 
impressed  him  with  the  irrationality  of  the 
publishing  enterprise.  Why  should  an  early 
commitment — signaled  by  the  publisher's 
advance  payment  to  the  author — dictate 
the  scope  of  the  later  marketing  campaign, 
even  if  the  eventual  book  doesn't  merit,  or 
doesn't  require,  much  publicity?  Why  should 
all  books  be  priced  around  the  same  amount, 
irrespective  of  quality?  For  that  matter,  why 
should  all  books  pretty  much  conform  to  an 
accepted  shape  and  size? 

Ariely  had  HarperCollins  print  thirteen 
different  book  covers;  among  other  varia- 
tions, they  had  a  photo  of  a  strikingly  hand- 
some model  identified  as  the  author,  boldly 
marked  the  book  as  a  best-seller,  cited  Arie- 
ly alternatively  as  a  Ph.D.  and  a  school 
principal,  and  advertised  a  75  percent  dis- 


count. He  wanted  HarperCollins  to  print 
one  cover  with  the  imprint  of  another  pub- 
lisher, but  that  idea  was  resisted.  With  the 
mock  covers  in  hand,  Ariely's  team  has  been 
surveying  Barnes  &.  Noble  customers  to  try 
to  figure  out  what  might  inspire  them  to 
choose  a  book  with  one  cover  over  another. 

Ariely's  path  to  publication  began  in  Is- 
rael, where  he  grew  up;  his  last  name  is  a 
version  of  the  Hebrew  term  for  "lion  of 
God."  All  through  high  school,  by  his  own 
description,  he  was  an  indifferent  student, 
sitting  in  the  last  row  and  constantly  mak- 
ing jokes.  As  an  eighteen-year-old  fulfilling 
his  requirement  for  military  service,  he  was 
caught  in  a  life-changing  event,  an  explosion 
of  a  cache  of  magnesium  flares.  The  explo- 
sion left  him  with  third-degree  burns  over 
70  percent  of  his  body  and  brought  surgery 
over  a  stretch  of  years.  Because  his  heart 
and  lungs  were  weakened,  some  of  the  sur- 
gery proceeded  without  anesthesia. 

Had  he  been  able  to  anticipate  the  suffer- 
ing ahead,  he  says,  he  would  have  been  con- 
tent to  die  right  there.  He  still  has  visible 
scarring,  and  he  still  experiences  pain  every 
day.  He  never  found  out  the  cause  of  the 
accident.  It  was  just  one  of  those  things,  ir- 
rational, and  unpredictable.  "Sometimes 
we  don't  understand  the  power  we  harness," 
he  says. 

During  his  long  recovery  period,  he  used 
the  time  to  reflect  on  his  treatment.  As  he 
observes  in  the  book,  his  nurses  had  theo- 
rized that  taking  off  the  bandages  with  "a 
vigorous  tug"  was  preferable  to  a  slow,  drawn- 
out  pull.  Ariely's  perspective,  as  a  patient, 
was  different.  "Their  theories  gave  no  con- 
sideration to  the  amount  of  fear  that  the 
patient  felt  anticipating  the  treatment;  to 
the  difficulties  of  dealing  with  fluctuation  of 
pain  over  time;  to  the  unpredictability  of 
not  knowing  when  the  pain  will  start  and 
ease  off;  or  to  the  benefits  of  being  comfort- 
ed with  the  possibility  that  the  pain  would 
be  reduced  over  time." 

Once  released  from  the  hospital,  he  en- 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Explanatory  notes:  At  Barnes  &  Noble  reading, 
Ariely  discusses  the  finer  points  of  his  theory. 


Term 


s  of  Endearment 


n  his  blog,  behavioral  economist  Dan  Ariely 
talked  about  the  research  he  did  with  col- 
leagues on  romantic  relationships.  Their  par- 
ticular interest:  how  one's  own  attractiveness 
influences  his  or  her  perception  of,  and  actions  toward, 
others.  Here's  his  summary: 

"The  first  question  we  had  is  whether  people  who 
are  less  attractive  themselves  view  the  attractiveness  of 
others  differently.  Using  data  sets  from  H0TorN0T.com, 
we  found  that  regardless  of  how  attractive  people 
themselves  are,  they  seem  to  judge  others' attractive- 
ness in  similar  ways,  supporting  the  notion  that  we 
have  largely  universal,  culturally  independent  standards 
of  beauty  (e.g.,  symmetric  faces).  Moreover,  we  found 
that  people  prefer  to  date  others  who  are  moderately 
more  attractive  than  they  are  themselves. 

"We  also  found  a  difference  in  who  they  approached 
for  a  date,  where  less-attractive  individuals  approached 
others  who  were  less  attractive.  So  in  essence,  less- 
attractive  people  have  the  same  sense  of  aesthetics.  But 
being  aware  of  their  own  attractiveness,  they  approach 
people  who  are  in  the  same  range  as  themselves. 

"Finally,  we  wondered  how  less-attractive  individu- 
als rationalized  to  themselves  their  selection  of  less- 
attractive  others.  Using  a  speed-dating  study,  we  found 
that  more-attractive  people  placed  more  weight  on 
physical  attractiveness  in  selecting  their  dates,  while 
less-attractive  people  placed  more  weight  on  other 
qualities  (e.g.,  sense  of  humor)." 

Paraphrasing  the  famous  line  from  a  song  by 
Stephen  Stills,  Ariely  noted  that  the  lesson  is,  "People 
find  a  way  to  love  the  ones  they  can  be  with." 

—Robert  J.  Bliwise 


Embraceable  you:  Cupid  and 
Psyche  by  Benjamin  West,  1808. 


rolled  at  Tel  Aviv  University.  He  was  still 
heavily  bandaged.  As  he  puts  it,  "I  started  par- 
ticipating in  classes  and  asking  questions  for 
the  first  time,  partly  because  I  felt  this  was  all 
I  had.  I  was  sort  of  invisible;  the  only  thing 
you  could  see  was  my  eyes,  and  the  only  way 
I  could  portray  something  about  myself  was 
through  speaking  in  class."  One  of  those 
classes  was  in  brain  physiology — an  experi- 
ence that  nurtured  his  interest  in  devising 
theories  and  figuring  out  ways  to  test  them. 
Today  he  can  be  relatively  detached  in 
describing  the  explosion  and  its  painful  af- 
termath. But  in  public  settings,  the  memo- 
ries can  be  searing.  Some  years  ago,  he  broke 
into  tears  as  he  talked  about  the  episode  at 
an  academic  conference.  It  happened  again 
in  New  York  on  his  recent  book  tour,  pro- 
viding, he  says,  "a  very  good  lesson  on  the 
power  of  emotions  and  our  inability  to  pre- 
dict their  onset." 

One  of  Ariely 's  early  fascinations  was 
with  the  power  of  a  sports  passion. 
As  a  graduate  student,  he  explored 
P  the  tenting  tradition  that  precedes 
Duke  basketball  games.  Back  then,  the  tra- 
dition hinged  on  a  lottery;  now,  early  camp- 
ing-out ensures  a  place  in  the  Cameron 
crowd.  Would  the  students  who  had  won 
tickets  in  the  lottery  value  those  tickets 
more  than  those  who  lost?  Ariely  and  a  col- 
league surveyed  more  than  100  students.  In 
general,  the  lottery  losers  were  willing  to 
pay  around  $  1 70  for  a  ticket.  A  typical  stu- 
'  dent  in  that  category,  "William,"  declared 
that  $175  is  a  lot  of  money,  and  for  that 
price  he  could  watch  the  game  at  a  sports 
bar,  spend  some  money  on  beer  and  food, 
and  still  have  a  lot  left  over  for  other  pur- 


chases. On  the  other  hand,  the  students 
treated  well  in  the  lottery  valued  the  ticket 
highly;  they  demanded  about  $2,400  for  it. 
As  "Joseph,"  a  ticket-clutching  student, 
told  the  researchers,  the  game  would  be  a 
defining  memory  of  his  time  at  Duke.  How 
could  you  put  a  price  on  memories? 

From  a  rational  perspective,  both  the  ticket 
holders  and  the  non-ticket  holders  should 
have  thought  of  the  game  in  exactly  the  same 
way.  But  a  student's  treatment  in  the  lottery 
turned  out  to  powerfully  affect  his  or  her  sense 
of  the  value  of  the  ticket.  Not  a  single  ticket 
holder  in  the  survey  group  would  sell  for  a 
price  that  a  non-ticket  holder  would  pay. 

An  event  that  produced  a  large  commu- 
nity of  losers,  the  Enron  financial  scandal, 
prompted  Ariely  to  explore  the  value  placed 
on  honesty.  He  asked  himself  why  presum- 
ably "good  and  charitable  individuals"  would 
steal  millions  of  dollars  from  people,  even  as 
they  wouldn't  conceive  of  breaking  into  a 
private  home.  And  what  would  prompt 
generally  "honest"  individuals  to  "borrow"  a 
pen  from  an  office,  exaggerate  the  cost  of  a 
theft  in  a  report  to  an  insurer,  or  falsely 
report  a  meal  with  an  old  friend  as  a  busi- 
ness expense? 

So  he  and  his  colleagues  devised  studies 
that  would  tempt  people  to  cheat.  Student 
subjects,  for  example,  would  be  paid  for  each 
correct  answer  on  a  multiple-choice  test.  In 
some  cases,  they  transferred  their  answers  to 
a  sheet  that  had  the  correct  answers  pre- 
marked — meaning  they  could,  if  provoked 
into  dishonesty,  readily  cover  up  their  mis- 
takes. In  different  versions  of  the  experi- 
ment, the  test-taking  students  were  asked  to 
sign  a  statement,  just  at  the  moment  of 
temptation,  testifying  that  the  exercise  fell 


May-June  2008 


under  an  honor  system.  Alternatively,  they 
were  asked  first  to  write  down  the  Ten  Com- 
mandments. 

Those  gestures  had  a  significant  impact 
on  his  subjects'  behavior.  Once  they  began 
thinking  about  honesty  through  firm  re- 
minders, they  stopped  cheating  completely. 
"In  other  words,  when  we  are  removed  from 
any  benchmarks  of  ethical  thought,  we  tend 
to  stray  into  dishonesty,"  Ariely  observes  in 
the  book.  "But  if  we  are  reminded  of  moral- 
ity at  the  moment  we  are  tempted,  then  we 
are  much  more  likely  to  be  honest." 

It  turns  out,  too,  that  people  draw  a  sharp 
boundary,  irrationally  enough,  between  steal- 
ing dollars  and  "token"  stealing.  They'll  shy 
away  from  walking  off  with  $1  from  the 
petty-cash  box.  And,  as  Ariely 's  experiments 
showed,  they'll  resist  "fixing"  their  answer 
sheets  when  they're  rewarded  for  correct 
answers  with  hard  cash;  they'll  cheat  avidly 
when  the  cash  transaction  is  indirect — that 
is,  when  they're  rewarded  for  correct  an- 
swers with  non-monetary  tokens  that  have 
to  be  redeemed  for  dollars.  They'll  help  them- 
selves to  those  office  pens,  seeing  in  the  act 
no  meaning  for  the  business'  bottom  line,  or 
for  their  self-image  of  honesty.  And  if  they're 
the  executives  of  high-flying,  energy-trad- 
ing Enron,  they'll  build  a  house  of  cards  on 
imaginative  balance  sheets  and  deprive  em- 
ployees and  investors  of  their  life  earnings 

At  last  count — which  is  certain  to  be  out 
of  date — Ariely  is  an  author  of  more  than 
fifty  published  papers.  According  to  John 
Lynch,  the  Roy  J.  Bostock  Professor  of  mar- 
keting at  the  Fuqua  School  of  Business,  one 
professional  society  instituted  what  is  known 
informally  as  the  Dan  Ariely  Rule.  The  rule 
restricts  presenters  to  no  more  than  three 
papers  on  a  conference  program.  "Usually 
people  have  only  one  paper,  maybe  two,  but 
there  was  a  year  when  Dan  had  eight  papers 
on  the  program,"  Lynch  says.  "What  does  he 
do?  He's  got  all  these  projects  and  all  these 
students  and  colleagues,  and  why  should 
they  not  get  on  the  program?  So  he  just  sub- 
mits the  papers  without  his  name  on  them." 

Shortly  after  arriving  at  Fuqua  in  1996, 
Lynch  started  advising  Ariely,  whose  disser- 
tation would  earn  him  an  award  from  the 
American  Marketing  Association.  Ariely 
simultaneously  was  pursuing  a  Ph.D.  in  cog- 
nitive psychology  at  the  University  of 
North  Carolina  at  Chapel  Hill. 

"As  his  adviser,  I  was  always  trying  to  tell 


Behavioral  economics 

sees  individuals  as  tempted  by  emotion,  susceptible 

to  mistakes,  and 

not  particularly  far-thinking. 


him  what  I  thought  he  should  do,"  Lynch 
says.  "Fortunately,  he  didn't  listen  to  me 
very  often.  In  my  experience  in  academia,  if 
you  write  papers  just  for  yourself,  there's  a 
danger  that  no  one  else  is  going  to  read 
them.  I  tried  to  tell  him  to  think  about  his 
audience.  But  I  think  for  him  that  sounded 
too  calculating.  It  would  take  the  fun  out  of 
it.  A  lot  of  what  motivates  him  is  that  the 
research  is  so  much  fun  for  him." 

Ariely  and  Lynch  worked  together  on  a 
marketing  experiment  in  online  shopping. 
With  the  cooperation  of  one  of  the  Triangle 
area's  best-known  wine  experts,  they  creat- 
ed two  dummy  online  wine  stores  and  sent 
Fuqua  students  on  shopping  expeditions,  to 
observe  their  buying  decisions.  For  the  stu- 
dent shoppers,  feeling  well-informed  was 
more  of  an  imperative  than  bargain-base- 
ment (or  bargain  wine-cellar)  prices.  Lynch 
told  The  Wall  Street  journal,  which  wrote 
about  the  study  in  1998,  "When  people  have 
more  than  price  to  go  on,  they  become 
much  less  price-sensitive."  The  two  re- 
searchers found  that  the  students  were  more 
satisfied  with  their  purchases  when  they 
were  told,  for  example,  that  a  wine  was  "soft 
and  juicy"  or  "down-to-earth  and  fun."  They 
were  less  satisfied  when  they  received  less 
information  about  wine  varieties,  offered  on 
the  rival  site,  even  though  that  other  site 
offered  a  similar  product  for  a  couple  of  dol- 
lars less. 

Gal  Zauberman  Ph.D.  '00,  a  marketing 
professor  at  the  University  of  Pennsylvania's 
Wharton  School,  was  a  UNC  undergrad- 
uate when  he  volunteered  for  an  Ariely  ex- 
periment in  pain  tolerance.  He  followed 
Ariely  to  earn  his  Ph.D.  at  Duke;  like 
Ariely,  he  was  attracted  to  the  strong  facul- 
ty in  decision-making  and  the  Ph.D.  train- 
ing that  Fuqua  offered,  he  says.  The  two 
have  continued  to  collaborate,  particularly 
on  trying  to  figure  out  the  influences  that 
shape,  over  time,  how  we  interpret  an  expe- 
rience. Ariely  is  "certainly  considered  one 


of  the  most  productive  and  creative  people 
in  our  field,"  Zauberman  says.  "He  has  a 
very  creative  way  of  setting  up  experiments 
that  mimic  situations  in  life.  It's  easy  to  rec- 
ognize an  experiment  by  Dan.  It  always  has 
something  unexpected." 

One  unexpected  bonus  for  Ariely  in  his 
Ph.D.  work  was  meeting  his  future  wife, 
Sumedha  (Sumi)  Gupta,  also  a  psychology 
graduate  student  at  UNC.  "We  mostly  ar- 
gued about  the  use  of  statistics  and  philoso- 
phy," she  says.  "He  was  quite  annoying  and 
assumed  he  was  always  correct,  even  when 
he  wasn't,  but  was  of  course  charming,  fun- 
ny, deeply  caring,  and  surprisingly  good  at 
soccer  for  someone  whose  main  sport  is 
squash."  Sumi  Ariely  now  works  for  Duke's 
Global  Health  Institute,  overseeing  student 
research  and  fieldwork  projects. 

Ariely  joined  the  MIT  faculty  in  1998, 
the  same  year  he  completed  his  Ph.D.  at 
Duke.  He  earned  tenure  four  years  later,  re- 
portedly one  of  the  quickest  progressions  to 
tenure  in  MIT  history.  One  of  his  Ph.D.  stu- 
dents was  Leonard  Lee,  now  an  assistant 
professor  of  marketing  at  the  Columbia 
University  Business  School.  It's  not  unusual 
that  graduate  students  will  pursue  research 
agendas  already  set  by  their  professors,  he 
says.  But  when  Lee  sought  this  professor's 
advice  about  what  to  research,  Ariely  re- 
sponded with  a  question  that  took  him 
aback:  "What  makes  you  happy?"  Soon,  Lee 
was  shifting  from  his  initial  focus  on  e-com- 
merce  and  looking  instead  at  how  con- 
sumers make  decisions.  Thinking  about  that 
question  "was  a  turning  point  in  my  life,"  he 
says.  "It  made  me  see  things  that  I  could  do, 
that  I  always  wanted  to  do,  but  that  I  never 
had  the  courage  to  attempt  because  of  my 
quantitative  background." 

Over  years  of  collaboration,  Lee  has 
worked  with  Ariely  on  research  questions 
ranging  from  how  consumers  are  influenced 
by  retail  coupons  at  different  stages  in  their 
shopping,  to  how  individuals  are  affected  by 
their  own  attractiveness  when  choosing 
whom  to  date.  Ariely  cares  about  his  stu- 
dents, Lee  says,  not  just  in  terms  of  the 
usual  measures  of  academic  accomplish- 
ment— finishing  the  dissertation,  getting 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


papers  published,  landing  a  prestigious  posi- 
tion. When  he  was  about  to  graduate  from 
MIT,  Lee  was  considering  several  job  offers. 
Again,  he  turned  to  Ariely  for  advice. 
Ariely  posed  the  familiar  question:  "What 
makes  you  happy?"  Think  about  the  life 
you'll  be  leading,  he  urged,  not  just  the  su- 
perficial benefits  of  the  position. 


ten-cent  pill  doesn't  kill  pain  as  well  as  a 
$2.50  pill.  That  may  not  sound  surprising, 
but  in  fact,  the  pain-numbing  pills  were 
identical  placebos.  With  his  collaborators  at 
MIT,  Ariely  recruited  eighty-two  volunteers 
and  told  them  that  they  would  be  testing  a 
new  pain  drug,  "Validone."  It  was  actually  a 
placebo.  Following  a  standard  protocol, 


In  the  low-price  group,  61  percent  said  the 
pain  was  less — a  significant  drop-off.  Ariely 's 
experiment  was  another  illustration  of  the 
power  of  expectation:  We  simply  expect  bet- 
ter results  from  more  expensive  medicines 
— the  placebo  effect  at  work. 

Ariely's  expectation  is  that  behavioral 
economics  will   influence   public  policy. 


Predictably  popular:  editions  in  Swedish, 
Italian,  Catalan,  and  English. 

Since  his  student  days,  Ariely  has  ap- 
plied his  restless  curiosity,  and  his 
imaginative  powers,  to  all  kinds  of  re- 
search questions.  Soon  after  he  started 
at  MIT,  he  and  a  colleague  mulled  over  the 
sort  of  questons  that  might  be  conjured  up  in 
a  traditional  pub — all  of  which  meant  that 
they  would  be  justifying  to  MIT  accountants 
a  $1,400  bill  for  beer  as  a  research  expense. 

In  the  guise  of  a  waiter,  Ariely  took  beer 
orders  at  the  Carolina  Brewery  in  Chapel 
Hill.  He  found  that  those  who  made  their 
choices  out  loud,  in  the  standard  way  that 
food  is  ordered  in  restaurants,  ended  up  less 
satisfied  than  those  in  a  second  group,  who 
ordered  privately,  writing  down  their  choic- 
es after  being  shown  a  menu  rather  than 
taking  their  lead  from  others. 

There  are  other  avenues  to  satisfaction, 
some  of  which  hinge  on  what  the  individ- 
ual is  led  to  believe  about  a  coming  attrac- 
tion (or  non-attraction) — the  findings  of 
another  beer-suffused  experiment.  Ariely, 
working  with  Lee  and  another  colleague, 
showed  that  an  advance  message  can  shape 
the  eventual  experience.  A  group  of  students 
didn't  find  vinegar-spiked  beer  all  that  bad. 
That  indifferent  feeling  changed,  for  the 
worse,  when  they  were  told,  before  gulping 
it  down,  that  the  beer  had  a  nasty  taste. 

This  winter,  as  the  buzz  around  the  book 
was  building,  Ariely  received  widespread 
media  attention  for  a  study  showing  that  a 


each  of  the  subjects  received  light  electrical 
shocks  on  his  wrists  and  was  asked  to  pro- 
vide a  rating,  from  "no  pain  at  all"  to  "the 
worst  pain  imaginable." 

Then  it  was  time  to  pop  a  "Validone." 
Half  of  the  subjects  were  given  a  brochure 
telling  them  that  it  cost  $2.50;  the  other 
half  a  brochure  telling  them  that  it  cost  a 
dime.  They  then  received  a  second  round  of 
shocks.  In  the  high-price  group,  85  percent 
of  the  subjects  reported  feeling  less  pain 
from  the  same  voltage  after  taking  the  pill. 


As  often  happens  in  Ariely's 
world,  the  experience  of 
seeing  his  book  published 
has  impressed  him  with 
the  irrationality  of  the  publish- 
ing enterprise. 


"From  the  standard  economics  perspective, 
you  should  just  give  freedom  to  people.  Peo- 
ple are  reasonable,  sensible.  They  always 
make  the  right  decision.  Just  give  them  the 
freedom  and  flexibility  to  choose  what  is  best 
for  them."  Behavioral  economics,  though, 
sees  individuals  as  tempted  by  emotion,  sus- 
ceptible to  mistakes,  and  not  particularly 
far-thinking.  So  we  need  mechanisms  and 
institutions — mandatory  health  check-ups, 
for  example,  or  forced  retirement  savings 
from  401  (k)  plans — to  promote  behavior 
that's  ultimately  self-interested.  That  might 
be  a  prescription  for  a  more  paternalistic 
society,  Ariely  acknowledges. 

At  MIT,  Ariely's  first  graduate-student  ad- 
visee was  On  Amir.  Before  coming  to  Cam- 
bridge, Amir  had  reached  out  to  Ariely  as  a 
fellow  Israeli  for  advice  about  M.B.A.  pro- 
grams; Ariely  persuaded  him  that  a  Ph.D. 
program  would  be,  of  all  things,  more  fun. 
Because  the  topics  that  attract  Ariely  repre- 
sent the  intersection  of  economics  and  psy- 
chology, they  often  have  policy  implica- 
tions, notes  Amir,  now  an  assistant  profes- 
sor at  the  Rady  School  of  Management  at 
the  University  of  California  at  San  Diego. 
Much  policymaking  hinges  on  the  assump- 
tion that  potential  transgressors  will  ration- 
ally weigh  the  costs  and  benefits  of  their 
actions.  To  behavioral  economists,  of  course, 
that's  an  incorrect  assumption. 

Think  about  the  annual  burden  of  filling 


May-June  2008 


Boundary-breaking:  Ariely  draws  on  disciplines  across  the  intellectual  spectrum. 


"A  lot  of  what  motivates  him  is  that  the  research  is  so  much  fun  for  him. 


out  tax  forms  from  the  IRS.  Why  not  use  the 
forms,  Amir  suggests,  to  explicitly  remind 
citizens  of  the  standards  of  honesty  that 
were  long  ago  impressed  on  them?  That  fram- 
ing language  would  provide  a  springboard 
for  decisions.  Tax  preparation  would  be- 
come a  signal  of  the  individual's  character. 
It  wouldn't  be  a  mere  financial  transaction 
with  the  government  in  which  the  taxpayer 
gauges  what  he  or  she  can  get  away  with. 

As  New  York  Times  columnist  David 
Leonhardt  has  noted,  a  decade  ago, 
economics  seemed  to  be  "devolving 
into  a  technical  discipline  that  was 
even  less  comprehensible  than  it  was  rele- 
vant." There's  nothing  numbingly  techni- 
cal in  Ariely 's  exploration  of  why  we  choose 
a  "free"  checking  account,  with  no  benefits 
attached,  over  one  with  minimal  costs  and  ap- 
preciable benefits.  If  economics  is  no  longer, 
in  Leonhardt's  words,  an  "old  and  tired  dis- 
cipline," that's  in  part  owing  to  the  work  of 


the  behavioral  economists  who  have  come 
of  age  with  Ariely. 

Now  Ariely  is  leaving  MIT  and  circling 
back  to  Duke,  a  decision  that,  to  this  de- 
coder of  decisions,  is  sensible.  He  likes  Duke's 
teaching  emphasis;  he'll  be  teaching  under- 
graduates as  well  as  business  students.  Per- 
meable boundaries  between  disciplines  are 
another  Duke  hallmark,  he  says,  and  he's 
already  tapped  into  neuroscience — another 
field  that  grapples  with  inferences,  expecta- 
tions, emotions,  and  their  consequences. 

"It  is  very  hard  to  predict  how  happy  you'll 
be  in  a  future  situation  with  new  circum- 
stances," he  says.  "But  one  of  the  things  that 
make  me  the  happiest  is  having  coffee  with 
interesting  people.  Most  of  the  time  we  sit  in 
the  office  and  work.  That's  okay.  The  real  ex- 
citement comes  from  sharing  ideas,  learning 
new  things,  getting  feedback  from  people." 

Among  the  people  in  Ariely's  feedback 
loop  is  Lynch,  his  former  dissertation  advis- 
er and  current  colleague.  About  a  year  and 


a  half  ago,  Lynch  and  Ariely  were  in  Or- 
lando, Florida,  at  a  professional  meeting.  As 
they  got  up  from  dinner,  Lynch  felt  faint 
and  collapsed.  An  ambulance  was  sum- 
moned; Lynch  was  taken  to  a  hospital  emer- 
gency room  and  then  to  another  area  for 
treatment.  A  concerned  Ariely  tried  to  get 
in  to  see  his  mentor,  but  was  told  that  it  was 
against  hospital  rules.  Frustrated,  he  began 
to  fake  an  allergic  reaction  and  insisted  on 
medical  care.  Sure  enough,  he  was  wheeled 
back  to  the  room  where  Lynch  was  being 
held.  A  startled  Lynch  watched  as  Ariely, 
now  in  a  hospital  gown,  bounded  over  to 
him  and  asked  him  how  he  was  doing  (quite 
well  by  that  point).  "Pretty  soon,"  Lynch  re- 
calls, "the  nurse  comes  to  get  him,  they  give 
him  an  epinephrine  shot,  and  he  gets  stuck 
with  a  $400  hospital  bill." 

Lynch  laughs  at  the  memory  of  a  dramat- 
ic— and  rather  outlandish — act  of  humane- 
ness. It  was  irrational  but,  knowing  Ariely 
as  he  does,  predictable.  ■ 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Books 


The  Natural  World  of  Lewis  and  Clark 

By  David  A.  Dalton  73.  University  of Missouri  Press ,  2008.  264pages.  $29.95. 


The  Lewis  and  Clark  expedition  of 
1804-1806  has  rightfully  captured  the 
imagination  of  the  American  people. 
The  well-chronicled  saga,  a  journey 
into  the  unknown  highlighted  by  persever- 
ance in  the  face  of  adversity,  marks  the  sig- 
nature event  in  the  opening  of  the  Ameri- 
can West.  As  vividly  related  in  the  journals 
of  Meriwether  Lewis  and  William  Clark,  it 
unfolded  over  magnificent  landscapes  of 
wide-open  prairie,  intimidating  mountains 
and  mighty  rivers,  and  forests  of  huge  trees. 
Documenting  the  natural  history  of  the 
land  newly  acquired  through  the  Louisiana 
Purchase  was  a  major  goal  of  the  expedi- 
tion. In  preparation,  President  Thomas 
Jefferson  sent  Lewis  to  Philadelphia  to  be 
schooled  by  America's  foremost  botanist, 
Benjamin  Barton,  much  as  the  Apollo  as- 
tronauts were  trained  in  geology  before 
their  lunar  missions. 

The  expedition  succeeded  fabulously, 
recording  the  wonders  of  a  natural  world 
largely  unknown  to  Western  science,  and, 
depending  on  who's  counting,  documenting 
up  to  185  new  species  of  plants  and  animals. 
Several,  including  the  wildflowers  Clarkia 
and  Lewisia,  as  well  as  Clark's  nutcracker 
and  Lewis's  woodpecker,  were  named  in 
their  honor.  Any  naturalist  who  has  fol- 
lowed the  route  of  Lewis  and  Clark,  or  lived 
in  parts  of  the  country  they  traversed,  can- 
not help  but  imagine  the  world  around 
them  as  Lewis  and  Clark  first  saw  it. 

The  Lewis  and  Clark  expedition  has  been 
described  from  seemingly  every  conceivable 
angle  and  its  natural-history  records  are 
readily  available,  so  what  new  perspectives 
could  David  Dalton,  a  professor  of  biology 
at  Reed  College  in  Portland,  Oregon,  have 
to  offer?  Quite  a  few,  as  it  turns  out.  Dalton 
takes  the  reader  on  a  different  kind  of  jour- 
ney by  using  Lewis  and  Clark's  natural-his- 
tory observations  to  explore  in  layman's  terms 
a  dazzling  assortment  of  topics  in  current 
biology,  ranging  from  genetic  engineering 
and  plant  physiology  to  community  ecolo- 
gy, ecosystem  management,  and  global  cli- 


mate change.  Recounting  dis- 
coveries made  200  years  ago, 
Dalton  creatively  forges  the 
links  between  Lewis  and  Clark's 
explorations  and  the  equally  far-ranging 
discoveries  of  modern-day  biologists. 

Each  chapter  features  distinctive  land- 
scapes, biological  communities,  or  species 
encountered  by  Lewis  and  Clark,  typically 
grounded  in  accounts  quoted  from  their  jour- 
nals and  accompanied  by  sharp  color  pho- 
tographs, relevant  historical  images,  and 
llustrations  of  original  specimens  and  draw- 
ngs  from  the  expedition.  With  the  stage  set 
n  this  way,  Dalton  takes  up  such  topics  as 
why  the  forests  of  the  coastal  Pacific  North- 
west, where  the  expedition  spent  an  incred- 
ibly soggy  winter,  are  dominated  by  coni- 
fers, and  what  limits  how  high  they  can 
grow.  Closer  to  the  ground,  in  a  chapter  on 
"flagship  species,"  Dalton  describes  the  spe- 
cial type  of  photosynthesis  that  enables  the 
many  lovely  members  of  the  wildflower 
genus  Lewisia  to  thrive  in  harsh,  dry  habi- 
tats, including  the  iconic  bitterroot  (Lewisia 
rediviva),  a  valuable  food  source  with  easily 
dried,  high-calorie  roots,  whose  species 
name  means  "restored  to  life." 

He  uses  another  genus  of  wildflower  dis- 
covered by  Lewis,  mariposa  lilies,  and  a 
monkey  flower  species  named  for  Lewis,  to 
discuss  speciation,  a  topic  at  the  forefront  of 
evolutionary  biology  and  an  active  area  for 
Duke  researchers  also  studying  monkey 
flowers.  In  the  next  chapter,  Dalton  delves 
into  the  digestive  physiology  of  balsamroot 
and  camas,  two  edible  wildflowers,  explain- 
ing why  overindulgence  in  them  left  mem- 
bers of  the  Corps  of  Discovery,  as  Clark 
wrote,  "nearly  all  Complaining  of  their  bow- 
els." A  subsequent  chapter  explores  the 
mating  rituals  of  the  greater  sage  grouse, 
another  species  discovered  by  the  expedi- 
tion, and  their  near  total  dependence  on 
sagebrush,  itself  an  iconic  Western  plant 
with  a  fascinating  chemistry. 

Although  each  chapter  has  its  own  dis- 
tinctive mix  of  science  and  history,  a  recurring 


W-3 
^Natural 


theme  is  ecological  change. 
Dalton's  opening  chapter  ex- 
amines the  likely  human- 
caused  extinction  of  the  an- 
cient megafauna  that  roamed 
western  North  America,  de- 
priving the  Osage  orange  tree 
of  animals  capable  of  dispersing  its  massive 
fruits.  (Lewis  found  this  species  growing 
near  St.  Louis,  and  cuttings  he  sent  back  to 
Philadelphia  are  now  gnarled  trees.)  In  his 
final  chapter,  Dalton,  with  due  regard  for  its 
scientific  uncertainty,  looks  at  the  effect  of 
climate  change  in  the  coming  decades  on 
the  landscapes  of  the  Northwestern  U.S.  In 
doing  so,  he  refers  to  ongoing  research  in 
Duke  Forest  measuring  the  effect  on  tree 
growth  of  elevated  carbon  dioxide  levels. 

In  the  intervening  chapters,  Dalton  often 
touches  on  the  changes  initiated  by  the 
expedition  itself,  leading  as  it  did  to  the 
"taming"  of  the  West.  Large  swaths  of  the 
prairie  grasslands  have  been  replaced  by  in- 
troduced invasive  weeds,  cattle  have  taken 
the  place  of  bison  herds,  and  the  wolves  and 
grizzly  bears  that  the  expedition  members 
memorably  encountered  have  been  nearly 
exterminated.  The  seemingly  endless  runs  of 
salmon  on  which  the  explorers  feasted  on 
the  Columbia  River  now  find  their  way 
blocked  by  dams.  Dalton  provides  the  sci- 
ence behind  all  these  shifts  in  the  natural 
world  from  Lewis  and  Clark's  time  to  our 
own,  employing  a  puckish  humor  in  de- 
scribing, for  example,  the  perilous  down- 
stream journey  of  a  juvenile  salmon. 

Yet  even  with  so  much  change,  much 
remains  the  same;  hikers  still  encounter  the 
species  Lewis  and  Clark  discovered,  and 
remnant  patches  of  still-wild  land  persist. 
Anyone  with  a  fondness  for  the  special 
places  Lewis  and  Clark  first  explored  will 
find  Dalton's  book  a  welcome  and  enlight- 
ening companion. 

— Alec  Motten 

Motten  Ph.D.  '82  is  an  associate  professor  of 
the  practice  of  biology  at  Duke  with  an  interest 
in  evolutionary  ecology  and  natural  history. 
A  former  resident  of  Seattle,  he  still  kayaks, 
canoes,  and  hikes  extensively  in  the  Northwest. 


May-Ju 


Books 


Grande  Expectations:  A  Year  in  the  Life  of  Starbucks'  Stock 

B}  Karen  Blumenthal  '81.  Crown  Business,  2007.  309  pages.  $24.95. 


Buy,  sell,  or  hold?  This  is  the  question 
that  the  investors  in  Karen  Blumen- 
thal's  Grande  Expectations:  A  Year  in 
the  Life  of  Starbucks'  Stock  ask  them- 
selves as  they  consider  published  accounts 
of  the  gourmet  coffee  company's  historical 
performance  and  stock-analyst  expecta- 
tions— as  well  as  their  own  gut  feelings,  and 
sometimes  their  caffeinated  emotions — in 
an  attempt  to  predict  the  future  price  of  the 
legendary  stock  and  determine  the  answer 
for  their  own  portfolios. 

Intrigued  by  apparent  inconsistencies  in 
stock  valuations — for  example,  stock  prices' 
ability  to  move  up  in  the  face  of  seemingly 
bad  news  or  down  in  the  face  of  good — 
despite  having  spent  years  as  a  business 
reporter  for  the  Wall  Street  Journal,  Blumen- 
thal sets  out  to  find  out  exactly  what  makes 
the  stock  market  tick.  She  has  a  hunch  that 
others,  attempting  to  make  their  own  deci- 
sions about  IRAs,  401  (k)s,  and  their  larger 
financial  futures,  might  be  similarly  curious 
about  the  fluctuating  numbers  rolling  across 
television  screens. 

She  decides  to  follow  one  stock  for  a  year 
to  gain  a  better  understanding  of  what  drives 
movements  in  market  price.  Her  stock  of 
choice:  Starbucks  (SBUX). 

Starbucks  in  2005  is  a  growth  stock  trying 
to  delay  the  transition  to  being  a  value 
stock  after  thirteen  years  of  high  returns. 
An  investor  who  bought  Starbucks'  stock 
shortly  after  its  venture-capital-backed  IPO 
in  1992  and  held  it  through  the  end  of  2004 
stood  to  make  a  cumulative  return  of  4,000 
percent.  The  high  returns  are  seductive,  but 
some  experts  are  arguing  that  investors 
have  bid  the  price  of  Starbucks'  stock  too 
high  and  that  it  is  due  for  a  correction.  In 
that  case,  an  investor  would  want  to  sell  his 
shares  sooner  rather  than  later. 

Blumenthal  provides  a  month-by-month 
account  of  the  information  Starbucks  re- 
leases to  investors  over  the  course  of  the 
year,  and  of  how  the  price  of  the  stock  re- 
acts to  this  information.  She  writes  with  a 
journalist's  eye,  weaving  information  about 


company  events  and  news 
releases  with  information  she 
gleans  from  interviews  with 
various  investors,  equity  ana- 
lysts, and  traders,  as  well  as 
Starbucks'  management. 

The  most  valuable  aspects  of  the  book  are 
Blumenthal's  interviews  with  investors.  She 
describes  their  interactions  with  Starbucks' 
management  and  how  they  ultimately  make 
decisions  regarding  their  stock  holdings. 
Her  interviews  highlight  the  differences  in 
both  sophistication  and  access  to  informa- 
tion between  small  individual  investors  and 
large  institutional  investors. 

For  example,  individual  investors  wait  on 
hold  to  speak  to  an  investor-relations  repre- 
sentative over  the  phone,  while  the  larger 
investors  can  phone  top  management  di- 
rectly. Individual  investors  are  invited  to  an 
annual  meeting  in  Seattle  that  features  ce- 
lebrity appearances,  live  music,  and  samples 
of  the  latest  coffee  and  food  offerings,  but 
most  leave  before  the  "business"  portion  of 
the  meeting,  where  votes  are  taken  and 
serious  questions  posed.  Large  sharehold- 
ers— administrators  of  mutual  funds  and 
financial  institutions — skip  the  meeting 
altogether  in  favor  of  a  smaller,  more  per- 
sonal information  session. 

Blumenthal  describes  how  larger  investors 
can  transact  shares  based  on  their  informa- 
tion and  analysis  more  quickly  and  cheaply 
through  their  relationship  with  traders  than 
could  small  investors.  While  ultimately  every 
investor  Blumenthal  interviews,  large  or 
small,  makes  a  bet  when  deciding  whether  to 
buy,  sell,  or  hold  Starbucks'  stock,  Blumen- 
thal depicts  a  large  difference  in  the  infor- 
mation available  to  these  investors  and 
in  their  ability  to  act  on  this  information. 
The  smaller  investors  are  at  a  distinct  dis- 
advantage. 

The  book  does  provide  some  insights  into 
short-term  movements  in  Starbucks'  stock 
price  over  the  course  of  the  year.  She  shows 
how  company  officials  attempt  to  control 
these  movements  by  managing  investor  and 


equity-analyst  expectations — 
for  example,  by  providing  de- 
flated "same-store  sales"  growth 
predictions  (numbers  that  tab- 
ulate the  company's  growth, 
excluding  stores  built  in  the 
last  year)  so  that  the  true  num- 
bers stand  out.  But  she  also 
shows  how  analysts  are  not 
fooled.  What  might  be  an  impressive  growth 
in  same-store  sales  of  7  percent,  for  exam- 
ple, can  be  disappointing  when  the  experts 
are  calling  for  8  percent.  She  also  explains 
why  Starbucks'  management  may  have  cho- 
sen to  undertake  a  stock  split  when  its  share 
price  had  fallen  from  its  previous  high  of 
$64  per  share  in  the  prior  year  to  $50  per 
share,  rather  than  at  the  high  point — in 
order  to  signal  its  confidence  to  investors 
about  its  future  performance. 

Blumenthal  ends  on  a  cautiously  opti- 
mistic note.  While  2005  was  a  rocky  year 
relative  to  prior  years  for  the  stock,  with  the 
price  declining  at  the  start  of  the  year  and 
bouncing  around  in  the  middle,  it  ends  the 
year  just  below  where  it  started  and  begins 
to  climb  in  January  of  2006.  Blumenthal 
hints  that  perhaps  Starbucks'  management's 
many  attempts  throughout  the  year  to  stave 
off  stock-price  declines  and  its  claims  that 
high  growth  can  continue  may  have  actual- 
ly been  right. 

But  hindsight  in  2008  allows  us  to  see  that 
2005  was  the  beginning  of  the  end  for  Star- 
bucks' stock's  high-growth  performance. 

The  secret  to  stock  selection  and  trading 
for  individual  investors,  Blumenthal's  target 
audience,  may  in  the  end  jibe  with  the  long- 
standing but  boring  advice  of  many  finance 
professors  and  investment  professionals. 
Historically,  most  investors  have  not  been 
able  to  beat  the  broader  stock  market  in 
their  stock  selection  and  trading  activity. 
The  advice  follows:  Hold  long-term  posi- 
tions, broadly  diversify  within  public  equi- 
ties given  your  allocation  to  that  asset  class, 
and  hope  for  long-term  economic  growth. 
— Rebecca  Zarutskie 

Zarutskie  is  an  assistant  professor  of  finance  at 
the  Fuqua  School  of  Business. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


'MJUKKTZr.m. 


dukealumni.com 


Mail  call:  Students  line  up  in  the  West  Campus  Union  post  office  in  1970.  Duke  university  a 

May-June  2008 


"I  like  exploring  what's  out  there. 

I 


KASSITY    LIU    E'09    P~. 


»?-"  J  ' 


:i\ 


Alumni  Register 


A  ROOM  OF  THEIR  OWN 

In  February,  President  Richard  H.  Brodhead  traveled  to  Washington  to 
dedicate  an  elementary-school  reading  room  that  was  renovated  with 
the  help  of  Duke  alumni  volunteers. 
The  volunteers  were  working  under  the  auspices  of  the  Duke  Club 
of  Washington's  Partners-in-Education  program  (PIE),  which  has  adopted 
two  Washington  schools,  Ludlow-Taylor  Elementary  and  the  Dorothy  I. 
Height  Community  Academy  Public  Charter  Schools,  where  the  reading 
room  is  located. 

Last  year,  the  school's  principal  spoke  with  PIE  co-chairs  Hardy  Vieux  '93 
and  Loree  Lipstein  '03  about  the  need  for  "a  place  that's  bright  and  safe  for 


students  to  read  in,"  Vieux  says.  Although  many  volunteers  worked  on  the 
project,  he  says,  two  alumni  were  "instrumental"  in  its  success:  Dick  Leggin 
75,  an  architect,  donated  his  services,  and  James  Walsh  74,  the  head  of  a 
construction  company,  offered  expertise  and  manpower. 

Other  volunteers  conducted  book  drives,  provided  book  shelves  and 
other  furnishings,  and  commissioned  a  large  mural  that  decorates  one  wall 
of  the  room.  At  the  dedication,  the  principal,  Kyle  Williams,  observed  that 
the  refurbished  reading  room  provides  "a  place  where  literacy  is  celebrated." 

"This  space  combines  a  unique  sense  of  serenity  and  excitement  that 
parallels  the  experience  of  reading  a  good  book." 


A  Historian's  Lifetime  of  Service 

Over  the  past  six  decades,  LB.  Holley 
has  touched  the  lives,  and  the  aca- 
demic careers,  of  hundreds,  if  not 
thousands,  of  students.  Duke  Maga- 
zine has  run  several  short  articles  over  the 
years  notifying  alumni  of  his  latest  doings, 
and  each  has  been  met  with  a  wave  of  let- 
ters, testimonials  to  Holley's  impact  in  the 
classroom  and  beyond. 


But  in  focusing  on  his  Duke  tenure,  it's 
easy  to  forget  the  significant  impact  that 
Holley,  a  professor  emeritus  of  history  who 
focuses  on  military  and  intellectual  history, 
has  had  elsewhere.  This  past  winter,  Holley 
was  honored  by  the  Air  Force  Historical 
Foundation,  which  established  the  Major 
General  I.B.  Holley  Award  to  honor  indi- 
viduals who  have  made  "a  sustained,  signifi- 
cant contribution  to  the  documentation  of 
Air  Force  history  during  a  lifetime  of  serv- 


ice." Holley  himself  was  the  first  recipient 
of  the  award. 

Holley,  now  eighty-eight,  enlisted  in  the 
Army  Air  Corps  in  1942,  shortly  after  the 
bombing  of  Pearl  Harbor.  He  served  on  ac- 
tive duty  for  five  years,  establishing  himself 
as  a  standout  aerial  gunnery  instructor  and 
rising  to  the  rank  of  captain. 

After  retiring  from  active  duty,  he  joined 
the  faculty  at  Duke,  where  he  developed  an 
upper-level  course  in  intellectual  history 


May-June  2008 


stcr 


Holley:  acknowledging  his  eponymous  honor. 

that  was  popular  with  generations  of  under- 
graduates, and  also  lectured  on  military  his- 
tory, among  other  topics.  During  the  1970s 
and  early  1980s,  the  U.S.  Army  sent  a  num- 
ber of  officers  to  Duke  to  study  under  Holley 
on  the  way  to  earning  doctorates. 

Holley  remained  in  the  Air  Force  Reserve 
until  retiring  as  a  major  general  in  1981. 
During  that  time,  he  wrote  several  manuals 
on  military  procurement  and  worked  with 
Air  Force  staff  members  to  improve  training 
programs  for  instructors.  He  has  lectured  on 
military  doctrine  and  technology  before  four 
branches  of  the  U.S.  military,  as  well  as  the 
NATO  staff  college  in  Rome  and  Britain's 
Royal  Air  Force,  all  while  juggling  research 
and  teaching  duties  at  Duke. 

Even  in  retirement,  he  has  continued  to 
serve  on  the  editorial  boards  of  the  Air  Force 
journal  of  Logistics  and  the  Air  Force's  flag- 
ship Air  &  Space  Power  journal,  as  well  as  on 
a  Department  of  Defense  declassification 
panel  with  several  other  historians.  "All  this 
stuff  gets  classified,  and  sometimes  it  doesn't 


need  to  be  or  doesn't  need  to  stay  classi- 
fied," Holley  says.  In  2004,  he  published  a 
collection  of  essays  on  the  relationship  be- 
tween technology  and  military  doctrine  that 
was  based  on  years  of  lectures.  In  naming 
the  new  award  after  Holley,  the  Air  Force 
Historical  Foundation  recognized  his  "de- 
cades of  assistance,  support,  and  encourage- 
ment of  military  historians." 

Though  he  technically  retired  from 
Duke  in  1989,  Holley  continued  to  teach 
undergraduates  until  just  last  year.  Even 
now,  he  produces  academic  articles  regu- 
larly. In  the  past  several  years,  he  has  writ- 
ten articles  about  industrial  processes,  in- 
cluding one  on  the  mechanization  of  brick 
making,  and  has  completed  a  manuscript 
about  how  to  conduct  seminars,  a  topic  he 
knows  better  than  most. 

— Jacob  Dagger 

Inspiring  Career  Choices 

The  Duke  student  body  contains  future 
CEOs,  consultants,  doctors,  and  law- 
yers— and  perhaps  the  next  famous 
stuntman  or  gourmet  baker.  The  Fan- 
nie Mitchell  Career  Conference,  held  in 
late  January,  exposed  students  to  a  wide 
spectrum  of  options,  from  preprofessional 
vocations  to  those  less  commonly  known. 

The  conference,  first  held  in  2004,  is 
sponsored  by  the  Duke  Career  Center  and 
the  Duke  Alumni  Association  to  bring  alum- 
ni back  to  campus  to  share  their  postgradu- 
ate experiences  in  the  job  market.  This 
year,  ninety-four  alumni  representing  eight- 
een career  fields  and  925  students  met  in 
sessions  ranging  from  finance  and  entrepre- 
neurship  to  "Writing  for  a  Living"  and  "Non- 
profit/Social Responsibility." 

"The  whole  idea  is  to  inspire  Duke  stu- 
dents to  think  about  what  the  possibilities 
are,  so  when  it  comes  to  senior  year,  they're 
not  following  the  path  to  investment  bank- 
ing unless  they  really,  really  want  to  do 
that,"  says  Sheila  Curran,  Fannie  Mitchell 
Executive  Director  of  the  Duke  Career  Cen- 
ter. "What  we're  really  hoping  will  happen 
here  is  that  passions  are  going  to  bloom." 
In  previous  years,  the  daylong  conference 


was  part  of  an  entire  week  of  events  that  in- 
cluded a  career  fair  and  several  other  pro- 
grams leading  up  to  a  Saturday  networking 
lunch.  This  year,  the  career  center  decided 
that  separating  the  career  fair  and  the  ca- 
reer conference  would  prevent  confusion 
between  their  respective  aims. 

"The  conference  is  almost  the  antithesis 
of  the  career  fair,"  Curran  says.  "We  don't 
expect  you  to  dress  up,  we  don't  expect  you 
to  have  a  resume,  and  we  don't  expect  you 
to  know  what  you're  doing.  It's  meant  to  be 
a  beginning." 

Students  say  they  appreciated  the  casual 
atmosphere  of  the  conference,  which  made 
it  easier  to  have  relaxed,  frank  conversa- 
tions. "I  thought  the  best  part  of  the  career 
conference  was  getting  to  know  the  alumni 
informally,"  says  freshman  Peiying  Li.  "The 
conference  gave  underclassmen  like  me  a 
chance  to  talk  with  alumni  about  careers 
without  being  intimidated." 

Senior  Pearce  Godwin,  one  of  two  stu- 
dent co-directors  along  with  sophomore 
Rachel  Seidman,  says  he  has  attended  the 
career  conference  every  year  since  he  was  a 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Survey  says:  women  engineers 
Reel,  top  left,  and  Williams;  stu- 
dents learning  to  use  a  surveyor's 
transit  in  the  1940s. 


RETROSPECTIVE 

Selections  from 
University  Arc/lives 


M 


uriel  Theodorsen 
Williams  and  Marie 
Foote  Reel  entered 
Duke  on  different 
paths.  Williams,  whose  father  was  a 
physicist  and  engineer,  planned  to 
major  in  physics.  Reel  hoped  to  study 
Spanish.  But  over  the  course  of  their 
academic  careers,  their  paths  con- 
verged: In  1946,  the  two  became  the 
first  women  to  graduate  from  Duke's 
College  of  Engineering,  which  had 
been  established  in  1939. 

Reflecting  on  the  experience 
nearly  fifty  years  later — in  1991, 
when  the  two  engineers  were  hon- 
ored by  having  their  portraits  hung 
in  the  East  Duke  Building  alongside 
those  of  other  prominent  alumnae 
and  former  administrators — Wil- 
liams observed  that  she  and  Reel 
"showed,  without  the  intention  of 
doing  so,  that  women  can  equal  men 
in  their  ability  to  master  scientific 
and  technical  subjects.  We  loved  the 
intellectual  challenges;  and  we  met 
them,"  she  said. 

"Our  professors  and  fellow  stu- 
dents respected  us;  they  liked  us.  I 
believe  we  in  those  years  convinced 
them  and  consequently  later  genera- 
tions and  other  people  at  Duke ... 
that  women  in  engineering  are  not 
undesirable,  inept  intruders  in  a  tra- 
ditionally all-male  field  but  rather, 


freshman;  even  as  a  senior,  he  says  he  sti 
finds  the  conference  valuable. 

"It's  about  realizing  through  every  person's 
story  that  there  are  a  lot  of  options  out 
there,"  Godwin  says.  "There's  both  great  value 
in  learning  about  the  fields  and  in  learning 
about  what  it's  like  to  get  out  in  the  real 
world,  [the  alumni]  having  been  in  our  shoes." 

Ray  Eddy  '92,  M.A.T.  '94,  a  stuntman  for 
Disney  World  and  a  panelist  in  the  "Off  the 


that  we  are  able  co-workers  who  can 
carry  our  own  weight  and  sometimes 
excel  in  this  field  of  untold  impor- 
tance to  humanity."  Williams  went 
on  to  serve  as  a  statistician  at  the 
Minute  Maid  Corporation,  and  later 
as  a  consultant. 

After  graduating  magna  cum 
laude,  Reel  served  as  an  assistant 
editor  at  Electrical  Engineering,  the 
official  magazine  of  the  American 
Institute  of  Electrical  Engineers, 
taught  on  the  electrical-engineering 
faculty  atTexas  A&M  University,  and 
worked  for  an  engineering-design 
consulting  firm. 

In  the  February  1958  issue  of 


DukEngineer  magazine,  she  chal- 
lenged future  generations  of  women: 
"The  successful  woman  engineer 
needs  all  the  usual  qualifications 
plus  a  few  more.  She  must  be  better 
than  average  in  ability  so  that  she 
can  earn  and  expect  respect  based  on 
accomplishments  alone. 

"Not  only  can  she  not  expect  spe- 
cial treatment  because  of  her  sex," 
Reel  said,  "she  must  be  careful  not  to 
accept  it." 

— Jodi  Berbwitz 

Berkowitz  is  archivist  for  the  Sallie 
Bingham  Center  for  Women's  History 
and  Culture. 


Beaten  Path:  Unusual  Careers"  session,  says 
he  tries  to  inspire  and  motivate  Duke  un- 
dergraduates who  may  be  too  timid  to  stray 
from  a  preprofessional  track.  A  former  eco- 
nomics and  mathematics  double-major,  Ed- 
dy worked  as  a  consultant,  high-school  math 
teacher,  residential  adviser,  student-affairs 
director,  and  drumline  coach  before  fulfill- 
ing his  dream  of  becoming  a  stuntman. 

(continued  on  next  page) 


Ask  the  Expert 

I  have  two  job  offers.  One  would  be  a 
lateral  move  to  a  company  with  great 
name  recognition.  The  other  would  be  a 
big  promotion  in  a  start-up  with  high 
growth  potential.  If  I  go  to  the  smaller 
company,  will  the  lack  of  brand  recognition 
hurt  me  in  applying  for  future  positions? 

Working  for  a  company  with 
brand  recognition  is  similar 
to  attending  a  top  school:  It 
often  opens  doors.  In  the 
employment  world,  that  means  your 
application  gets  a  second  look.  All 
things  being  equal,  I'd  go  for  the  "name" 
and  the  credibility  and  connections 
you  gain  from  associating  with  a  suc- 
cessful company. 

But  all  things  are  rarely  equal.  In  your 
case,  you  have  an  opportunity  for  signif- 
icant professional  growth  and  challenge 
in  the  smaller  company.  You  stand  to 
learn  a  lot  more  working  in  a  higher- 
level  position  than  in  simply  performing 
the  same  responsibilities  in  a  different 
organization.  And  your  new  skills  and 
experience  could  accelerate  your  career 
when  you  decide  to  move  on. 

Before  you  sign  on  the  dotted  line 
with  the  start-up,  however,  consider 
whether  this  is  an  environment  in 
which  you  are  likely  to  thrive.  You  may 
have  a  VP  title,  but  you're  probably 
also  the  person  who  files,  makes  copies, 
and  brews  coffee.  How  well  do  you  cope 
with  risk,  ambiguity,  and  instability? 

Do  you  like  the  people?  Are  you 
someone  who  can  forge  your  own  path 
and  seize  opportunity?  Don't  take  a 
job  just  because  of  the  greater  job 
responsibilities  or  the  title.  Take  it  only 
if  you're  confident  you'll  be  successful. 

No  hiring  manager  will  ditch  your 
application  because  she  hasn't  heard  of 
your  company.  You  may  have  to  work  a 
little  harder  to  get  her  attention,  but, 
ultimately,  it's  your  experience,  skills, 
and  record  of  success  that  count. 

— Sheila  Curran 

Curran  is  the  Fannie  Mitchell  Executive 
Director  of  the  Career  Center. 
The  Career  Center,  in  partnership  with 
the  DAA,  provides  career  advice  to 
alumni.  Send  questions  or  inquiries  to 
career'alumni@studentaffairs .  duke .  edu . 


May -J  une  2008 


(continued  from  previous  page) 

"Duke  students  have  amazing  potential," 
Eddy  says.  "You've  already  proven  through 
your  Duke  career  that  you  can  do  anything, 
and  it's  all  about  understanding  your  poten- 
tial and  realizing  your  promise." 

Curran  stresses  the  importance  of  explor- 
ing various  career  fields  and  says  the  confer- 
ence will  likely  occur  again  next  year, 
thanks  to  "extraordinarily  positive  feed- 
back" from  both  alumni  and  students. 

"Seeing  such  a  high  energy  level  was  so 
appealing,  and  it  made  me  realize  how 
much  students  could  gain  from  something 
that  they  might  not  even  know  they  need," 
Curran  says.  "There  are  so  few  schools  that 
do  something  like  this  that  it  is  a  true 
advantage  of  coming  to  a  place  like  Duke." 
— Tina  Mao 
dukemagazine.duke.edu 


Class  Notes 


WRITE:  Class  Notes  Editor,  Duke  Magazine, 
Box  90572,  Durham,  N.C.  27708 

FAX:  (919)  681-1659  (typed  only,  please) 

E-MAIL:  dukemag@duke.edu 

(Include  your  full  name,  address,  and  class  year.) 

CHANGE  OF  ADDRESS:  Alumni  Records,  Box  90581, 
Durham,  N.C.  27708.  Please  include  mailing  label. 

E-MAIL  ADDRESS  CHANGES  TO:  hluedevil@duke.edu 

NOTICE:  Because  of  the  volume  of  class  note  material  we 
receive  and  the  long  lead  time  required  for  typesetting, 
design,  and  printing,  your  submission  may  not  appear 
for  three  to  four  issues.  Alumni  are  urged  to  include 
spouses'  names  in  marriage  and  birth  a 
We  do  not  record  engagements. 


Half-Century  Club 

Cecil  E.  Spearman  Jr.  '53  has  been  elected  chair 
of  the  board  of  the  South  Coast  Hospital  Foundation. 
He  also  serves  on  the  hospital's  governing  board.  In 
addition,  he  serves  as  CFO  on  the  executive  commit- 


WORLDWARIIVETS 

Duke  Mdgazine  is  planning  an  article 
about  alumni  who  served  in  the  war. 
We  would  like  to  hear  from  you. 
Please  send  a  brief  summary  of  any 
unusual  experiences  you  would  like 
to  share,  along  with  your  telephone 
number  and  e-mail  address,  to 
Kate  Bailey,  Senior  Editorial  Assistant, 
Box  90572,  Durham,  N.C.  27708. 
Please  do  not  send  photographs. 
If  we  are  able  to  use  your  submission, 
a  reporter  will  contact  you. 


When  you  make  a  gift  of  $10,000  or  more, 
Duke  can  offer  you  (and/or  your  loved  ones) 
a  fixed  income  for  life.  A  charitable  gift  annuity 

also  generate  a  tax  deduction  and  can 
reduce  capital  gains.  Your  ages,  your  financial 
needs,  and  current  interest  rates  determine  the 
annuity  rate  Duke  can  offer.  Some  sample  rates: 


Your  Age: 


60  Annuity:   5.7%      Annuity  rates  are 

70  6.5%       subject  to  change. 

80  8.0%      Once  your  gift  is 

YourAges:  70/68     Annuity:  5.8%      ^ITed 
76/73  6.3%     raterema,nsflxed- 

To  learn  more  about  life  income  gifts  and 

other  "tax-wise"  giving  opportunities, 

visit  giving.duke.edu/giftplanning  or  contact: 


Duke  University  Office  of  Gift  Planning 

2127  Campus  Drive,  Box  90600,  Durham,  NC  27708 
Phone  (919)681-0464 
Fax      (919)684-9731 

I    giftplanning@dev.duke.edu 


Jt 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


tee  of  the  Mammoth  Lakes  Foundation.  He  and  his 
wife,  Jean,  reside  in  Laguna  Niguel,  Calif. 
Frank  N.  Egerton  III  '58  has  teceived  the 
Distinguished  Service  Citation  for  2007  from  the 
Ecological  Society  of  America.  The  award  recognized 
what  the  society  characterized  as  his  seminal  scholar- 
ly work  on  the  "historical  antecedents  of  ecology  and 
how  ecologists  perceive  the  world." 


1950s 


Frank  M.  Bell  Jr.  '59  has  been  named  to  Business 
North  Carolina  magazine's  Legal  Elite  for  2008.  He 
practices  business  and  real-estate  law  with  Bell,  Davis, 
&  Pitt  in  Winston-Salem. 


1960s 


F.  Barry  Cooper  A.M.  '67,  Ph.D.  '69  has  published 
Voegelin  Recollected:  C<  mvenau:  >m  on  a  Life.  The  book  is 
a  collection  of  interviews  with  colleagues,  friends,  and 
family  of  the  German-born  philosopher  Eric  Voegelin. 

James  R.  Fox  '68,  J.D.  '71  has  been  named  to 

Business  North  Carolina  magazine's  Legal  Elite  for 
2008.  He  practices  business  law  with  Bell,  Davis,  6k 
Pitt  in  Winston-Salem. 

Robert  Goldenberg  M.D.  '68  has  been  appoint- 
ed professor  emeritus  by  the  University  of  Alabama- 
Birmingham  for  his  30  years  of  service  in  the  fields  of 
obstetrics  and  gynecology. 

Thomas  F.  Taft  Sr.  '68  has  been  asked  to  serve  on 
a  new  joint  commission  created  by  the  Institute  for 
Advanced  Study  and  the  Carnegie  Corporation  of 
New  York.  The  commission  will  seek  to  address  the  on- 
going concern  that  America's  education  systems  are 
failing  to  give  students  the  level  of  education  in  sci- 
ence and  math  needed  to  succeed  in  a  global  economy. 


1970s 


Joe  Hoyle  '70  has  been  named  Vitginia's  Professor 
of  the  Year  for  2007  by  the  Council  for  Advancement 
and  Support  of  Education  and  The  Carnegie  Founda- 
tion for  the  Advancement  of  Teaching.  He  is  an 
associate  professor  of  accounting  at  the  University 
of  Richmond. 

Evelyn  Sweet-Hurd  '70  is  the  author  of  His 
Name  Was  Donn:  My  Brother's  Letters  from  Vietnam,  a 
collection  of  letters  written  between  1967  and  1968. 
Donn  Sweet,  who  attended  Duke  his  freshman  year, 
was  killed  in  action  July  25,  1968. 

Douglass  Seaver  M.H.A.  '71  is  the  author  of 
Four  Across  the  Atlantic,  a  chronicle  of  his  experi- 
ences as  captain  of  one  of  1 7  ships  that  took  part  in 
the  2004  Nordhavn  Transatlantic  Rally,  sailing  from 
Fort  Lauderdale,  Fla.,  to  Gibraltar.  After  retiring  as  a 
management  consultant  at  age  55,  Seaver  obtained 
his  captain's  license,  became  a  licensed  U.S.  Mer- 
chant Marine  officer,  and  worked  briefly  as  a  com- 
mercial captain  on  a  Long  Island  Sound  cruise  boat. 
He  lives  in  Essex,  Conn.,  with  his  wife,  Cheryl. 


Judy  O'Brien '68, 
designing  sustainable 
communities 


With  Americans  more 
concerned  than  ever 
about  environmental 
issues  and  dwindling 
resources,  "less  is  more"  is  becoming 
an  increasingly  popular  mantra. 
But  for  architect  Judy  O'Brien,  it's 
been  a  way  of  life  and  work  for  years. 
As  the  founder  of  Alliance  Architec- 
ture, O'Brien  takes  on  a  variety  of 
projects,  but  is  particularly  interested 
in  creating  sustainable  housing,  and 
making  creative  use  of  sometimes 
very  small  spaces. 

O'Brien  says  she  enjoys  taking 
"buildings  that  are  unattractive  or 
don't  function  and  turning  them  into 
something  pretty  wonderful."  Based 
in  Evergreen,  Colorado,  she  has 
managed  to  increase  the  functionali- 
ty of  a  variety  of  spaces  there  and 
in  other  parts  of  the  state.  She's 
turned  a  "tacky  little  house"  into  a 
functional  arts  center  and  reconfig- 
ured what  she  calls  "one  of  the  ugli- 
est houses  I've  ever  seen"  to  take 
better  advantage  of  its  beautiful  lot. 
Among  other  issues,  O'Brien  is  espe- 
cially interested  in  homelessness, 
and  does  a  fair  amount  of  work  pro 
bono  or  for  reduced  fees.  At  one 
domestic-violence  shelter  in  the 
mountains  of  Colorado,  O'Brien  and 
others  turned  the  building's  bath- 
room into  two  bathrooms  and  a 
laundry  room.  "I  was  amazed  we 
could  do  that," she  says,  "but  it  made 
the  shelter  work  so  much  better  for 
the  six  families  living  there." 

When  O'Brien  started  architecture 
school  in  the  mid-1 980s,  she  says  it 
felt  "like  I  was  in  a  foreign  land." 
While  most  of  her  classmates  had 
spent  time  working  in  the  field, 
O'Brien's  professional  experience  was 
as  a  human-resource  manager  and 
university  administrator.  But  tired  of 
putting  out  administrative  fires  and 
eager  to  find  a  way  to  "get  paid  for 
playing,"  O'Brien  decided  to  give 
architecture  a  go.  In  1987,  she 


earned  her  architecture  degree  from 
University  of  Colorado  at  Denver  at 
the  age  of  forty-one. 

Five  years  later,  she  started 
Alliance,  and  around  the  same  time 
helped  to  found  the  Evergreen 
chapter  of  Habitat  for  Humanity, 
serving  six  years  as  its  president. 
During  her  time  at  Habitat,  O'Brien 
worked  to  build  more  than  twenty 
homes — fundraising,  designing 
some,  and  recruiting  other  architects 
to  get  involved.  Those  homes  were 
then  sold  to  "partner" families  at 
no  profit. 

In  many  ways,  Habitat  is  the  per- 
fect fit  for  O'Brien,  who  has  always 
valued  practicality  over  flash.  She 
intentionally  developed  her  own  firm 
slowly  to  keep  a  handle  on  the  quali- 
ty of  the  projects,  doesn't  have  a 
website,  and  says  she's  never  had 
more  money  than  she  needed  but 
also  never  less.  "I  want  things  that 
work  for  me,"  she  says,  opting  to 
spend  her  dollars  on  plants  for  her 
garden  rather  than  on  fancy  cars  or 
massive  amounts  of  space. 


To  that  end,  O'Brien  is  working 
with  others  in  Evergreen  interested 
in  creating  what  she  calls  "a  more 
intentional  community,"  in  which 
residents  will  own  their  own  homes, 
but  also  share  some  responsibilities 
with  their  neighbors — like  tending 
to  a  community  garden  or  eating 
together  a  couple  of  times  a  week. 
Residents  will  also  "create  a  smaller 
footprint" by  building  with  materials 
that  are  easily  replaced  (like  bam- 
boo), sharing  certain  spaces  (exercise 
or  party  rooms),  and  carpooling  to 
the  grocery  store. 

O'Brien  is  now  a  board  member 
for  the  statewide  Habitat.  That  hasn't 
stopped  her  from  hammering  some 
nails.  Recently,  during  a  winter  vaca- 
tion touring  the  Southeastern  United 
States  in  an  RV,  she  spent  a  week  in 
Biloxi,  Mississippi,  working  with 
Habitat  volunteers  on  homes  in  an 
area  ravaged  by  Hurricane  Katrina. 
— Lucas  Schaefer 

Schaefer  '04  is  a  freelance  writer  living 
in  Austin,  Texas. 


May-June  2008 


Charles  A.  Zapf  71  traveled  to  Ghana  in  April 
2007  as  a  consultant  for  the  Ankaful  Psychiatric 
Hospital.  He  owns  a  private  psychiatric  practice  in 
Atlanta  and  teaches  at  Emory  University  in  the 
department  of  psychiatry  and  behavioral  sciences. 

Melvin  Flye  A.M.  72,  Ph.D.  '80  is  a  professor  of 
surgery,  radiology,  and  molecular  microbiology  and 
immunology  at  the  medical  school  ot  Washington 
University  in  St.  Louis.  In  1985,  he  performed  a  liver 
transplant  on  a  three-month-old  baby — at  the  time, 
the  world's  youngest  liver  transplant  recipient.  In 
May  2007,  he  attended  the  college  graduation  of  that 
patient.  Flye  and  his  wife,  Phyllis,  live  in  St.  Louis. 

Michael  K.  Kennedy  72  was  chairman  of  the 
Arizona  Super  Bowl  Host  Committee,  a  private,  not- 
for-profit  corporation  that  served  as  a  liaison  with  the 
National  Football  League  to  organize  local  efforts  and 
preparations  leading  up  to  Super  Bowl  XLII.  Kennedy 
is  a  trial  lawyer  and  co-founder  of  Gallagher  & 
Kennedy,  Arizona's  fifth-largest  law  firm.  He  lives 
with  his  family  in  Phoenix. 

Alan  D.  Schwartz  72  was  named  CEO  of  Bear 
Stearns  in  August.  He  joined  the  company  in  1976, 
became  executive  vice  president  and  head  of  the  In- 
vestment Banking  Division  in  1985,  and  was  named 
president  and  co-chief  operating  officer  in  June  2001. 
His  donation  helped  build  the  Schwartz-Butters 
Athletic  Center  on  Duke's  campus. 

Peter  Broadbent  Jr.  73  has  been  named  to 
Virginia  Business  magazine's  Legal  Elite  for  2007  in 
intellectual-property  law.  He  is  a  partner  in  Chrisrian 
&  Barton  in  Richmond,  Va. 

James  M.  Iseman  Jr.  74  has  been  named  to 


Business  North  Carolina  magazine's  Legal  Elite  for 
2008.  He  practices  tax  law  and  estate  planning  with 
Bell,  Davis,  &  Pitt  in  Winston-Salem. 

Clarence  "C.J."  Gideon  Jr.  75  has  been  named 

one  of  The  Best  Lauryers  in  America  2008  in  the  fields 
of  medical  malpractice  and  personal-injury  litigation. 
He  also  was  named  one  oi  the  Top  1 00  Lawyers  in 
Tennessee  by  Mid-South  Super  Lawyers  magazine. 

Bruce  Gundermann  75  has  joined  Brainware 
Inc.  as  senior  account  executive.  Brainware  is  a 
provider  of  intelligent  data  capture  and  enterprise 
search  solutions. 

Thomas  Miller  J.D.  75  was  appointed  to  a 
three-year  term  on  the  National  Advisory  Council 
for  the  U.S.  Agency  for  Healthcare  Research  and 
Quality.  He  published  an  article,  "Measuring 
Distributive  Injustice  on  a  Difference  Scale,"  in  the 
autumn  2006  issue  of  the  Journal  of  Law  and 
Contemporary  Problems. 

Susan  Slenker  Brewer  76  has  been  named  man- 
aging member-elect  and  will  become  CEO  for  Steptoe 
&  Johnson  in  2009.  She  will  be  the  first  female  CEO 
in  a  major  West  Virginia  law  firm. 

John  A.  CommitO  Ph.D.  77  has  been  named 
2007  Professor  of  the  Year  in  Pennsylvania  by  the 
Council  for  Advancement  and  Support  of  Education 
and  The  Carnegie  Foundation  for  the  Advancement 
of  Teaching.  He  is  a  professor  of  environmental 
studies  and  biology  at  Gettysburg  College. 

Jackson  Nichols  A.M.  77  has  been  named 
one  of  The  Best  Lawyers  in  America  2008  for  his  work 
in  administrative  law.  He  practices  with  Allen  and 
Pinnix  in  Raleigh. 


John  Ward  77  has  been  named  a  shareholder  at 
Stevens  &  Lee  in  Valley  Forge,  Pa.,  where  he  focuses 
on  labor  and  employment  law. 
Stephen  Mikita  78  was  awarded  a  lifetime 
achievement  award  by  the  Utah  attorney  general's 
office  for  his  service  to  the  disabled.  He  is  an  assistant 
attorney  general  for  Utah's  Children's  Justice  division. 
Ellen  Hollander  78  has  been  awarded  the  Women 
Who  Mean  Business  award  by  the  Washington  Busi- 
ness Journal.  She  is  Chief  People  Officer  in  charge  of 
human  resources  with  AARP. 
Thomas  Richelo  78,  J.D.  '81  has  merged  his 
practice,  Richelo  Law  Group,  with  Schulten,  Ward 
&  Turner  and  will  provide  alternative  dispute-resolu- 
tion and  dispute-avoidance  services  for  businesses. 
He  is  based  in  Atlanta. 

BIRTH:  Third  daughter  and  fourth  child  to  Lee 
Summers  Clay  B.S.N.  79  and  Gary  Brown,  adopted 
on  Sept.  11,  2007.  Named  Bnana  Lynn  Anneka  Brown. 


1980s 


Dearie  Waters  Fenstermaker  '80  has  been 
named  a  trustee  for  the  Corcoran  Gallery  of  Art  and 
College  of  Art  &  Design,  Washington's  largest  and 
only  private  museum  and  college.  She  is  also  chair  of 
the  Corcoran  Women's  Commirtee,  the  institution's 
fundraising  and  community-relations  arm.  She  lives 
in  Alexandria,  Va.,  with  her  husband,  David,  and 
theit  three  children. 

John  Hickey  J.D.  '80  was  been  named  a  Top 
Lawyer  for  2006-07  by  The  South  Florida  Legal  Guide. 
Edward  Laskowski  '80  was  appointed  to  the 


Supporting  the  Duke  Student- Athlete  Since  1970 


Duke  University  takes  great  pride  in  knowing  that  our  student-athletes  embody  the  true 
spirit  of  what  college  athletics  is  all  about.  Whether  it  is  on  the  field,  in  the  classroom, 
or  in  the  community,  the  men  and  women  who  wear  the  Duke  jersey  are  without  a  doubt 
what  makes  Duke  Athletics  so  special.  For  more  information  on  how  you  can  support 
Duke's  student-athletes,  please  call  (919)  613-7575  or  log  on  to  IronDukes.net. 


IRON  DUKES 


RONDUKES 

(919)613-7575 


1  >UKE  MAGAZINE 


President's  Council  on  Physical  Fitness  and  Sports. 
He  is  a  physician  at  the  Mayo  Clinic  in  Rochester, 
Minn.,  co-director  of  the  Mayo  Clinic  Sports 
Medicine  Center,  and  professor  at  the  Mayo  Clinic 
College  of  Medicine.  He  lives  in  Rochester  with  his 

wife,  Linda  Chiovari  Laskowski  '80,  and  their 

Cindy  Eddins  Collier  M.H.A.  '81  has  been 
named  senior  vice  president  of  Tyler  &  Company, 
an  executive  search  firm  specializing  in  the  medical, 

finance,  hiotech,  and  life-cienLC  industries. 


Nancy  Scott  Hanway  '81  is  an  associate  professor 
at  Gustavas  Adolphus  College  in  St.  Peter,  Minn. 
She  received  her  M.F.A.,  M.A.,  and  Ph.D.  in  com- 
parative literature  from  the  University  of  Iowa. 
Robin  Jayne  Stinson  '81  has  been  named  to 
Biuiness  North  Carolina  magazine's  Legal  Elite  for 
2008.  She  practices  family  law  with  Bell,  Davis, 
&  Pitt  in  Winston-Salem. 

Maryann  Esernio-Bruce  '82  has  left  her  job  as 
president  of  Evergreen  Investment  Services  Inc.,  a 
subsidiary  of  Wachovia  Corp. 

Patricia  Lombardi  Barbari  '83  has  been  elected 

senior  vice  president  in  the  Individual  Policy  Services 
department  of  New  York  Life  Insurance  Co. 

Ingar  Blosfelds  B.S.E.E.  '83  has  been  selected  as  a 
Lockheed  Martin  Fellow  in  Moorestown,  N.J.,  where 
he  is  a  radar  systems  engineer.  He  is  also  a  part-time 
patent  lawyer  and  serves  on  the  board  of  education  in 
Delran,  N.J.,  where  he  lives  with  his  wife,  Patti,  and 
their  three  children. 

Philip  Diamond  A.M.  '83  has  been  named  partnet 
at  Gallagher  Evelius  &  Jones  in  Baltimore. 

Laurel  Ann  Mackay  '83  has  been  named  co-chair 
of  the  environment  litigation  committee  of  the 
Environmental  Law  Section  of  the  Boston  Bar 
Association.  She  is  a  lawyer  with  the  Massachusetts 
Department  of  Environmental  Protection. 
William  "Bud"  Reeves  M.Div.  '83  is  a  member 
of  the  board  of  trustees  of  Hendrix  College.  He  is 
senior  minister  at  First  United  Methodist  Church  in 
Hot  Springs,  Ark. 

Laura  Stuart  Taylor  J.D.  '83  has  been  appointed 
to  serve  as  a  judge  of  the  U.S.  Bankruptcy  Court  for 
the  Southern  District  of  California. 

Charles  E.  CuttiC  B.H.S.  '84  recently  completed 
his  M.B.A.  in  technology  and  e-commerce  at  West 
Chester  University  in  West  Chester,  Pa. 

Michael  Gritton  '84  is  the  executive  director  of 
Kentuckiana  Works,  the  greater  Louisville  workforce 
investment  board.  In  January,  he  was  elected  as  the 
first  vice  president  of  the  U.S.  Conference  of  Mayors 
Workforce  Development  Council.  He  lives  in 
Louisville  with  his  wife,  Kathy,  and  their  two  sons. 

Sharon  Kenney  Komlofske  '84  serves  on  the 
national  board  of  governors  for  the  Gift  of  Adoption 
Fund,  a  nonprofit  organization  that  provides  grants  to 
pay  for  adoption  expenses. 

Sally  Sharp  Lehman  '84  has  been  appointed  New 
England  regional  director  of  Roots  &  Shoots,  the 
global  youth  network  of  the  Jane  Goodall  Institute. 

Patricia  B.  Lehtola  J.D.  '84  was  named  vice  chair 
of  the  labor  and  employment  section  of  Godwin 
Pappas  Ronquillo,  a  law  firm  in  Dallas. 
Rick  G.  Minor  '84  was  honored  by  the  Luxembourg 
government  as  an  Officer  of  the  Nation  fot  helping 
to  create  and  expand  the  country's  e-commerce  econ- 


Richard  Graber  '78, 
American  ambassador  to 
the  Czech  Republic 

Sitting  in  a  carved  antique 
chair  in  his  vast,  elegant  of- 
fice in  one  of  Prague's  his- 
toric neighborhoods,  Richard 
Graber  admits  that  he  never  sought 
to  be  a  U.S.  ambassador — a  role 
imbued  with  a  healthy  dose  of  pomp 
and  circumstance.  But  he  received  an 
unexpected  phone  call  from  the  White 
House  two  years  ago. 

"They  asked  me/Would  you  be 
interested  in  being  an  ambassador?' 
and  I  said,  'Sure,'"recalled  Graber, 
pictured  above,  fourth  from  left, 
shaking  hands  with  Czech  President 
Vaclav  Klaus  during  President  George 
W.  Bush's  visit  to  Prague  in  June  2007. 
At  the  time,  he  was  a  lawyer  at  a 
Wisconsin  law  firm  and  head  of  the 
state's  Republican  Party.  "I  didn't  hear 
anything  for  about  three  months, 
then  I  got  another  call ...  and  they 
said,  It's  the  Czech  Republic.'" 

Graber  readily  accepted.  Little  did 
he  know  he  would  soon  be  at  ground 
zero  of  a  major  foreign-policy  debate. 

In  January  2007,  soon  after  Graber 
took  office,  the  U.S.,  the  Czech  Re- 
public, and  Poland  began  formal  dis- 
cussions about  building  a  U.S.  missile 
defense  shield  in  Europe.  The  Czech 
Republic  was  selected  as  a  possible 
site  for  a  radar  station;  Poland,  for 
several  missile  receptors. 

Both  countries'governments 
agreed  to  negotiations,  but  their 


citizens  responded  negatively.  Early 
polls  showed  the  majority  of  Czechs 
opposed  the  plan,  and  when  E 
visited  Prague  last  year,  thousands 
protested  in  the  streets. 

Several  small  towns  in  the  south- 
western Brdy  region,  where  the  radar 
station  would  be  located,  held  refer- 
endums  in  which  citizens  hotly  con- 
tested the  plan,  citing  possible  secu- 
rity threats  and  health  ramifications. 

"I  don't  think  anyone  understood 
the  magnitude  of  the  response  it 
would  create,  not  only  here  but 
throughout  Europe  and  certainly  in 
Russia,"Grabersays.  Russia  opposes 
the  shield,  viewing  it  as  encroaching 
on  its  security  and  regional  influence. 

Graber  plays  a  largely  educational 
role  in  the  negotiations.  He  meets 
weekly  with  a  Czech  deputy  minister 
of  foreign  affairs  and  has  spoken  to 
groups  of  journalists  and  Brdy  officials 
about  the  radar.  The  embassy  has 
even  hosted  online  chats  to  spread 
information. 

In  his  outreach,  Graber  highlights 
U.S.  arguments  for  the  missile  shield, 
including  the  emerging  security  threat 
from  the  Middle  East,  particularly  Iran, 
and  how  the  project  might  be  inte- 
grated with  NATO  defense  systems. 

"If  you  sit,  listen,  and  try  to  re- 
spond as  truthfully  as  you  can  to  their 
questions,  they're  receptive/'Graber 
says  of  his  meetings  with  Brdy-region 
mayors."l  didn't  persuade  all  of  them, 
and  there  are  some  mayors  who  won't 
be  persuaded,  but  if  you  treat  them 
with  respect,  that  sends  positive 
messages  that  go  beyond  this  issue." 


Graber  will  meet  more  officials 
when  he  goes  on  a  family  biking  trip 
through  Brdy  in  May.  The  Czech  par- 
liament is  expected  to  vote  on  the 
missile  defense  agreement  this  sum- 
mer. Roughly  half  of  the  deputies  are 
still  skeptical  of  the  plan,  but  it  has 
the  full  backing  of  Prime  Minister 
MirekTopolanek.  "Ultimately  this  is 
not  an  American  decision,"  Graber 
said.  "It  is  a  Czech  decision,  and  they 
have  to  take  the  lead  on  it." 

Graber  recently  accompanied 
Topolanek  on  a  trip  to  Washington. 
While  there,  in  addition  to  taking  in  a 
Duke  basketball  game  on  television, 
Graber  and  other  officials  looked 
toward  the  future.  If  an  agreement  is 
approved  and  inked,  the  U.S.  govern- 
ment plans  to  spend  $90  million  build- 
ing the  radar  and  $40  million  main- 
taining it.  Czech  companies  are 
expected  to  participate  in  both  phases. 

For  Graber,  that  will  mean  more 
outreach,  this  time  to  explain  time- 
lines, logistics,  and  business  invest- 
ments. "The  opportunity  to  talk 
about  missile  defense  will  continue 
and  should  continue,"  he  says. 

— Sey  ward  Darby 

Darby  '07  is  a  Hart  Fellow  based 
in  Prague  with  the  publication  Transi- 
tions Online. 


May-June  2008 


omy  while  working  as  general  manager  of  AOL 
European  Services.  The  award  is  one  of  Luxembourg's 
highest  honors  to  individuals  who  make  significant 
contributions  to  the  economy. 

Greg  M.  Smith  '84  is  the  author  of  Beautiful  TV: 
The  Art  and  Argument  of  Ally  McBeal,  published  by 
the  University  of  Texas  Press.  He  is  an  associate  pro- 
fessor in  the  moving  images  studies  program  at 
Georgia  State  University  in  Atlanta. 

George  Dorfman  '85,  A.M.  '01  has  been  selected 
as  a  2008  Forman  Fellow  by  the  Council  of  Alumni 
Association  Executives.  He  is  an  associate  director  of 
Duke's  alumni-affairs  office. 

Miriam  Angress  '86  received  a  $10,000  fellowship 


from  the  North  Carolina  Arts  Council  for  her  work 
as  a  playwright.  She  is  the  assistant  acquisitions 
editor  for  Duke  University  Press  and  is  currently 
working  on  a  full  production  of  her  latest  play, 
How  Water  Speaks  to  Rock. 

Rockwell  F.  Jones  M.Div.  '86  has  been  elected 
president  of  Ohio  Wesleyan  University,  effective  July 
2008.  Previously,  he  served  as  executive  vice  presi- 
dent and  dean  of  advancement  at  Hendrix  College. 

Millicent  Meroney  Lundburg  '86  has  been 

named  a  principal  in  the  corporate  group  of  the  law 
firm  Fish  &  Richatdson  in  Austin,  Texas. 

Norman  Martin  Focht  III  '87  is  the  regional 
operations  manager  of  the  Northeast  region  for 


in  New  Jersey  with  his  wife, 


IT  S  NOT  THE  BUILDING. 


It's  the  people. 


People  love  the 

spaciousness  of  our 

apartments.  And 

rave  over  our  cottages 

with  their  granite 

counter  tops.  But  at 

Croasdaile  Village,  the 

story  is  not  in  the  size 

or  appeal  of  our  living 

units.  The  real  story  is  the  depth  and  personalities  of 

our  residents. 

For  a  visit  and  complimentary  lunch,  call  Carol  Roycroft 
at  (919)  384-2475  or  email  CarolR@umrh.org.  You'll 
come  for  the  tour  but  come  back  for  the  people. 


IR0AS 


R0ASDAILE 
L/VILLAGE 

A.ConHnuing  Care  Retirem^j,  Community 


Mercedes-Benz.  He  li 
Lorin,  and  their  son. 

Timothy  Hodge  Jr.  '87  has  been  appointed  to 
the  Maryland  Economic  Development  Commission, 
which  seeks  to  enhance  economic  development  in 
Maryland  by  fostering  a  positive  business  climate. 
He  is  a  partner  in  the  law  firm  of  Tydings  &  Rosen- 
berg and  works  in  the  firm's  business,  corporate,  and 
tax  department. 

Craig  Carlson  '88  has  been  named  an  Ohio 
Super  Lawyer  2008  by  Law  &  Politics  magazine  and 
Cincinnati  Magazine.  He  is  a  partnet  in  the  Columbus 
office  of  Porter  Wright  Morris  &  Arthur  and  special- 
izes in  litigation  practice. 

Ann  Ryan  Collins  M.T.S.  '88  has  published 
Teacher  in  Faith  and  Virtue   Laifnmi'  <>\  Bee's  Commen- 
tary on  Saint  Paul.  Using  manuscripts  and  commen- 
taries of  Lanfranc,  a  scholar,  influential  teacher, 
adroit  politician,  and  an  Archbishop  of  Canterbury 
during  the  1 1th  century,  the  book  examines  his  the- 
ology, methods  of  composition,  and  lasting  influence 
on  France  and  England. 

Amanda  Lamb  Griffin  '88  is  the  author  of 
Smotherhood,  a  collection  of  essays  on  the  realities 
of  motherhood.  She  is  crime  news  reporter  for 
WRAL-TV  in  Raleigh. 

Claire  Anne  Fontijn  A.M.  '89,  Ph.D.  '94  received 
the  2007  Nicolas  Slonimsky  Award  for  Outstanding 

Musical  Biogmphv  tor  her  book  Desperate  Measures: 
The  Life  and  Music  of  Antonia  Padoq.ru  Bembo.  She  is  a 
professor  of  music  at  Wellesley  College. 

William  Hoffman  '89  has  published  The  Soul 
stealer  War:  The  First  Mother's  Fire,  the  first  book  in  a 
fantasy  series  about  magic  and  metaphysics.  He  lives 
in  New  Jersey  with  his  wife  and  daughters. 

Eric  Rothschild  '89  was  featured  in  the  NOVA 
documentary  judgment  Day:  Intelligent  Design  on  Trial. 
The  film  centets  on  the  Kitzmiller  v.  Dover  Area 
School  District  case,  which  tested  the  constitutionality 
of  teaching  intelligent  design  in  science  class.  He  was 
lead  counsel  for  the  plaintiff's. 

MARRIAGES  Nancy  S.  Hanway  '81  to  Cecil  J. 
North  III  on  Sept.  22,  2007.  Residence:  St.  Peter, 
Minn... .Danielle  A.  Hickox  '85  to  Kelly  P.  Moore 
on  Oct.  27,  2007.  Residence:  Palm  Beach,  Fla. 

BIRTHS:  Third  child  and  first  son  to  Paul  Alexander 
Geier  '85  and  Stephanie  Geier  on  April  26,  2006. 
Named  Colin  Alexander. .  .Second  child  and  daugh- 
ter to  David  Alin  '86  and  Meredith  Alin  on  July  19, 
2007.  Named  Catly  Brynn. .  .First  child  and  son  to 
Norman  Martin  Focht  III  '87  and  Lorin  Focht  on 
March  28,  2007.  Named  Thomas  William. .  .First  child 
and  daughter  to  Stephen  K.  Pardo  '87  and 
Chrysanthe  T.  Tsilibes  '87  on  Nov.  29,  2007. 
Named  Daphne  Aliki  Pardo. .  .First  child  and  daughter 
to  Katherine  Nickols  Thompson  '87  and  Bradley 
Thompson  on  March  6,  2007.  Named  Adeline  Grey. . . 
Second  child  and  daughter  to  Michael  B.  Bayer 
'88  and  Joanna  Bayer  on  Dec.  13,  2007.  Named  Brooke 
Amanda. .  .First  child  and  daughter  to  Chrysanthe 
T.  Tsilibes  '87  and  Stephen  Pardo  '87  on  Nov. 
29,  2007.  Named  Daphne  Aliki  Pardo. 


1990s 


Sean  Allburn  B.S.E.  '90  was  recognized  as  one 
of  the  nation's  Top  Forty  Advisors  Under  Forty  for 
2007  by  On  Wall  Street  magazine.  He  manages 
Allburn  Investment  Consulting  of  Davenport  &  Co. 
in  Williamsburg,  Va. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Kathleen  Mary  Hawkins  '90  is  a  partner  in  a 
pediatric  practice  in  Rockville,  Md. 
Heather  Harding  Howard  '90  was  sworn  in  as 
New  Jersey's  14th  Commissioner  of  Health  and  Senioi 
Services  in  January.  She  oversees  public-health  pro- 
grams, senior  services,  and  health-care  institutions. 
She  and  her  husband  and  son  live  in  Princeton,  N.J. 


Tracy  Thomas  Stone  J. D  '90  has  been  made 
partner  at  KPMG.  She  is  principal-in-charge  of  the 
individuals,  trusts,  and  estates  practice  in  the  firm's 
Washington  office.  She  lives  in  Alexandria,  Va.,  with 
her  husband,  Chris,  and  their  two  children. 
Jeffery  O.  Whetstone  '90  is  one  of  five  Ameri- 
can photographers  selected  for  a  2007  John  Simon 
Guggenheim  Fellowship.  Represented  by  the  Karyn 
Lovegrove  Gallery  in  Los  Angeles,  he  is  an  assistant 
professor  in  the  art  department  at  UNC-CH. 

William  M.  Cowan  '91  has  been  named  a 
Massachusetts  Super  Lawyer  for  2007  by  Boston 
Magazine  and  blew  England  Super  Lawyers.  He  prac- 
tices at  Mintz  Levin  in  Boston. 

Marnie  Ginsburg  Grossman  '91  has  been 
named  special  counsel  in  the  New  York  office  of  the 
law  firm  Schulte  Roth  &  Zabel.  She  specializes  in 
estate  planning  and  the  creation,  administration,  and 
of  charitable  organizations. 


John  Heller  M.B.A  '92  has  been  appointed  vice 
president,  finance,  for  Keurig  Inc.,  a  manufacturer  of 
gourmet  single-cup  brewing  systems. 

Kelly  Kattman  DeCaporale  '93  lives  in  Colo- 
rado with  her  husband,  Joe,  and  their  two  children, 
Amelia  Landes  and  Theodore  Joseph. 

Derek  Edwards  '93  has  been  named  partner  at 
Waller  Lansden  Dortch  6k  Davis  in  Nashville,  Tenn. 
His  focus  is  complex  commercial,  estate,  and  finan- 
cial-services litigation. 

George  W.  Jordan  III  BSE.  '93  has  joined 
Fulbright  &  Jaworski  as  senior  counsel  in  the  firm's 
patent-litigation  and  intellectual-property  division. 
He  lives  in  Houston. 

David  M.  Mcintosh  '93  has  been  named  co-chair 
of  the  Boston  Bar  Association's  intellectual-property 


Kevin  Meeks  '93  is  a  partner  at  the  Atlanta  and 
Raleigh  offices  of  Troutman  Sanders,  specializing  in 
government-regulatory  and  litigation  matters.  He  lives 
in  Atlanta  with  his  wife,  Jessalyn,  and  their  daughter. 

Jeff  Poley  '93  has  joined  Parker  Poe  Adams  & 
Bernstein  as  a  partner  in  its  public  finance  group  in 
Raleigh.  He  was  also  named  to  Business  North  Caro- 
Ihiii  magazine's  Legal  Elite  for  2008. 

Erik  Lautier  '94  is  director  of  e-commerce  at 
EDUN,  a  socially  conscious  fashion  brand  created  by 
Ali  Hewson  and  Bono. 

Andrea  Nelson-Meigs  J.D.  '94  is  a  motion-pic- 
ture talent  agent  at  International  Creative  Manage- 
ment in  Century  City,  Calif. 

Christopher  J.  Vaughn  J.D.  '94  has  been  named 
one  of  The  Best  Lawyers  in  America  2008.  He  practices 
real-estate  law  at  Carruthers  &  Roth  in  Greensboro. 

R.  Lance  Boldrey  J.D.  '95  has  been  named  one  of 
The  Best  Lawyers  in  America  2008.  He  is  a  member  of 
the  government-policy  group  in  the  Lansing,  Mich., 
office  of  Dykema  law  firm.  He  focuses  on  Indian  law. 

Heidi  Schulz  Calhoun-Lopez  '95  recently 
returned  from  Baghdad,  where  she  served  as  a  captain 
with  the  Judge  Advocate  General's  Corps.  She  was  a 


MINI-PROFILE 

Gunnar  Peterson  '85, 
fit  for  life 


There  are  few  among  us  who 
can  claim  to  have  sculpted  an 
A-list  celebrity's  famous  pos- 
terior or  helped  America's 
favorite  action  hero  get  into  fighting 
form.  But  personal  trainer  Gunnar 
Peterson  is  the  workout  force  behind 
many  big-name  stars  such  as  Jennifer 
Lopez,  Sylvester  Stallone,  Angelina     § 
Jolie,  and  Ben  Affleck,  as  well  as  top   J 
athletes  Pete  Sampras  and  players     J 
from  the  NBA,  NFL,  and  NHL. 

Today  Peterson  has  the  kind  of 
muscular  build  you'd  expect  of  a  man 
who  is  a  certified  fitness  expert.  But 
as  a  child,  Peterson  was  overweight, 
even  attending  Weight  Watchers 
meetings  when  he  was  ten  years  old. 

Then  at  Duke,  Peterson  became 
friends  and  frat  brothers  with  foot- 
ball players,  wrestlers,  and  other  var- 
sity athletes.  Working  out  with  them 
"lit  a  fire,"  he  says,  turning  him  into  a 
bona  fide  gym  rat.  By  graduation 
day,  he  jokes,  "the  only  thing  I'd  let- 
tered in  was  the  Bryan  Center." 

After  college,  Peterson  tried  out 
new  cities  and  different  jobs.  But  he 
always  kept  up  his  workout  regimen. 
Five  years  after  graduation,  he  was 
living  in  Los  Angeles  and  had  a  job  as 
a  production  assistant  in  the  enter- 
tainment business  when  he  was 
approached  by  a  fellow  gym  member 
who  asked  Peterson  to  train  him. 
Within  a  week,  he  was  earning  dou- 
ble his  salary  and  his  phone  kept 
ringing. 

"That  was  eighteen  years  ago,  and 
I've  never  looked  back,"  says  Peterson. 

From  the  start,  Peterson  has 
taken  an  academic  approach  to  his 


training  by  getting  certified  by  the 
National  Strength  and  Conditioning 
Association  and  the  American  Coun- 
cil on  Exercise,  and  keeping  up  on  the 
latest  literature,  videos,  and  classes. 
He's  also  been  a  shrewd  business- 
man, continuously  scaling  up  his 
operation  so  that  today  he  conducts 
training  sessions  at  his  own  luxury 
5,000-square-foot  Beverly  Hills  gym, 
complete  with  a  putting  green  and 
climbing  wall. 

He's  also  branched  out  to  develop 
fitness  products  and  videos,  star  in 
infomercials,  and  endorse  products 
for  Adidas,  Gatorade,  and  others.  He's 
released  two  books — G-Force  and 
The  Workout — writes  a  monthly  col- 
umn for  Muscle  and Fitness,  is  a  con- 
tributing editor  for  Glamour,  and  is 
regularly  interviewed  by  outlets 
ranging  from  US  Weekly  to  CNN. 

If  you're  ready  to  take  some 
Peterson-style  steps  toward  health 
but  don't  have  a  Hollywood  address, 
his  website  ( www.gunnarpeterson. 
com)  has  tips  that  range  from 
sculpting  six-pack  abs  to  tightening 
glutes.  You  can  also  view  video  clips 
of  Peterson  demonstrating  key 


moves  and  get  a  glimpse  of  his  fully 
equipped  fitness  studio.  Even  if 
you're  not  quite  ready  to  master  a 
staggered  squat  or  reaching  lunge, 
you'll  have  a  window  into  how 
picture-perfect  bodies  begin. 

Peterson  says  he's  one  of  the  lucky 
few  to  turn  a  personal  passion  into 
a  career. 

"I  get  to  learn  every  day  within 
my  job,"  he  says.  "I  am  always  inter- 
acting with  dynamic,  achievement- 
oriented  people.  And  I  get  to  stay 
healthy— it's  like  a  rule." 

He  says  he  has  had  clients  who 
have  spent  life  on  the  fast  track, 
becoming  rich  and  successful  but  to 
the  detriment  of  their  health.  It 
reminds  Peterson  how  happy  he  is  to 
have  found  a  job  where  he  doesn't 
have  to  make  that  choice. 

"I  am  thankful  to  have  found 
something  where  I  could  pursue 
what  I  wanted  to  do  business-wise 
and  I  didn't  have  to  push  that  pause 
button  on  my  health,"  he  says. 

—  Molina  Brown 

Brown  is  a  freelance  writer  based  in 
Los  Angeles. 


May -June  2008 


fiscal-law  and  contract  lawyer  with  the  Office  of  the 
Staff  Judge  Advocate.  For  service  during  her  tour  of 
duty,  she  received  a  Combat  Action  Badge  and  a 
Bronze  Star. 

Timothy  Colin  Call  M.B.A.  '95  was  named  chief 
investment  officer  for  the  Capital  Management 
Corp.  He  is  also  on  the  hoard  of  the  Science  Museum 
of  Virginia.  He  and  his  wife  live  in  Richmond. 
J.  Phillips  L.  Johnston  Jr.  '95  is  the  author  of 
Success  in  Small  Business  is  a  Laughing  Matter,  which 
he  self-published  through  Author  House.  The  hook  is 
in  its  fourth  edition. 
Heather  Bell  Adams  '96,  J.D.  '98  has  been 


named  a  pattner  at  Smith  Anderson  in  Raleigh.  She 
practices  business  and  intellectual-property  litigation. 

Emily  Coleman  Dibella  '96  has  been  hired  as 
associate  director  of  the  estate  and  director  of  public 
affairs  for  Historic  Mount  Vernon. 

Shavar  Jeffries  '96  has  been  named  counsel  to 
New  Jersey  Attorney  General  Anne  Milgram,  a  top 
advisory  position.  He  had  been  an  associate  professor 
at  Seton  Hall  University's  law  school. 

Grace  Walton-Doherty  '96  is  the  vice 
president  for  the  small-business  credit  card  product- 
development  division  at  Sovereign  Bank  in 

M.i-.,khusetts. 


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James  "Pit"  Gills  M.D.  '97  received  the  Light  of 
Sight  award  for  his  contributions  to  the  Lions  Eye 
Institute  Foundation  in  Tampa,  Fla. 

Jason  W.  Goode  '97,  J.D.  '00  has  been  made  a 
partner  at  Alston  +  Bird  law  firm  in  the  corporate 
transactions  and  securities  group. 


Kimberly  V.  Green  '97  received  the  Woman  of 
Excellence  in  HR  Management  award  from  the  Uni- 
versity of  Dallas  College  of  Business  in  Irving,  Texas. 

Jeffery  Mills  B.S.E.  '97,  Ph.D.  '02  has  joined  the 
law  firm  Sterne  Kessler  Goldstein  6k  Fox  and  works 
in  the  biotechnology  division. 

Andrea  Caro  '98  has  been  named  a  shareholder  at 
the  law  firm  Zimmerman,  Kiser  &  Sutcliffe.  Her  area 
of  concentration  is  civil  litigation. 

MARRIAGES:  Kathleen  Hawkins  '90  to  John 
Partridge  on  Sept.  16,  2006.  Residence:  Rockville, 
Md...  Stephanie  Yocum  '90  to  Charles  Edward 
Hansell  on  Oct.  6,  2007.  Residence:  Columbus,  Ohio. . . 
Joel  S.  Corvera  '91  to  Mary  Elizabeth  Lester  on 
Jan.  29,  2007.  Residence:  Atlanta... Timothy 
Colin  Call  M.B.A.  '95  to  Christina  Hewetton 
Sept.  8,  2007.  Residence:  Richmond,  Va...  Damon 
Goode  '95  to  Danielle  Spenner  on  Sept.  22,  2007. 
Residence:  Atlanta.. .Michelle  Bernat  B.S.E.  '97 
to  Thomas  C.  Lytle  on  Aug.  11,  2007.  Residence: 
Birmingham,  Mich... .Eric  Friedman  '97  to  Lisa 
Levenson  on  June  30,  2007.  Residence:  New  York. . . 
Thomas  Martin  '97  to  Erin  Michener  on  Sept.  29, 
2007.  Residence:  Washington... Susie  A.  Han  '98  to 
Anthony  C.  Wai  '98  on  June  4,  2006.  Residence: 
New  York. .  Michael  K.  Pickens  '98  to  Heidi  Huber 
on  Sept.  15,  2007.  Residence:  Dallas. 

BIRTHS:  Fourth  child  and  third  son  to  Pamela 
Degracia  Flores  Fahs  '90  and  Thomas  Fahs  on 
Oct.  1,  2007.  Named  Quinn Thomas... First  child 
and  son  to  Kathleen  Hawkins  '90  and  John 
Partridge  on  Oct.  23,  2007.  Named  Andrew  John 
Partridge... Second  child  and  first  daughter  to  Susan 
Rodzik  '91  and  Timothy  Causey  on  April  10,  2007. 
Named  Madeline  Jolie  Rod:ik  Causey... First  child 
and  daughter  to  Karen  Farrell  '92  and  Ahmed 
Rami  on  Oct.  4,  2007.  Named  Rayyan  Farrell  Rami. . . 
Second  child  and  first  daughter  to  Scott  Kaplan 
'92  and  Jennifer  Kapian  on  Dec.  28,  2007.  Named 
Annabel  Drew. .  Third  child  and  first  daughter  to 
William  Silver  '92  and  Kimberly  Weber 
Silver  '93  on  Sept.  25,  2007.  Named  (Catherine 
Paige... Second  child  and  son  to  Julie  Benda  '93 
and  Ray  W.  Helms  B.S.E.  '94.  Named  Luke 
Andrew  Helms... Second  child  and  first  son  to  Kelly 
Kattman  DeCaporale  '93  and  Joe  DeCaporale 
on  Oct.  7,  2007.  Named  Theodote  Joseph... Second 
child  and  daughter  to  Derek  Edwards  '93  and 
Stephanie  Edwards  on  May  15,  2007.  Named 
Adelaide  Campbell. .  .First  child  and  daughter  to 

Kevin  Meeks  '93  and  Jessalyn  Salter  Meeks  H 

'07  on  June  4,  2007.  Named  Anne  Elizabeth... Third 
child  and  first  daughter  to  Kimberly  Weber 
Silver  '93  and  William  Silver  '92  on  Sept.  25, 
2007.  Named  Katherine  Paige... First  child  and 
daughter  to  Rachel  Brod  Berger  '94  and  David 
Berger  on  Sept.  5,  2007.  Named  Sadie  Chava. .  .Second 
child  and  son  to  Billy  Daniel  Felton  B.S.E.  '94 
and  Suzanne  Bieksha  Felton  '97  on  Aug.  25, 
2007.  Named  John  William. .  .Second  child  and 
daughter  to  Deborah  Arscott  Heineman  '94 
and  Justin  Bechtloff  Heineman  '94  on  Dec.  15, 
2006.  Named  Kathetine  Sarah. .  .Second  child  and 
son  to  Ray  W.  Helms  B.S.E.  '94  and  Julie  Benda 
'93.  Named  Luke  Andrew  Helms. .  .First  child  and 
daughter  to  Michael  R.  Meyer  '94  and  Jennifer  C. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Meyer  on  March  19,  2007.  Named  Hadley  Cannon. . . 
Second  child  and  daughter  to  Andrea  Nelson- 
Meigs  J.D.  '94  and  John  Meigs  Jr.  on  Oct.  24,  2007. 
Named  Alexandra. .  .First  child  and  daughter  to 
Ramona  Lugo  Pederson  '95  and  Mark  Kamiya 
on  March  10,  2007.  Named  Emiliana  Mai  Lugo 
Kamiya... First  child  and  son  to  Sarah  E.  Prosser 
'95  and  Sean  D.  Greene  on  Sept.  24,  2007.  Named 
Alexander  David  Prosser-Greene... First  child  and 
son  to  Raleigh  A.  Shoemaker  Jr.  '95  and 
Katherine  Shoemaker  on  Jan.  1,  2008.  Named 
Raleigh  Alexander  Shoemaker  III... Twins,  second 
son  and  first  daughter,  to  Henry  Davis  Ward 
B.S.E.  '95  and  Lauren  Eisner  Ward  '97  on  Oct. 
24,  2007.  Named  Carter  Joseph  and  Emerson  Marie. .. 
First  child  and  son  to  Grace  Walton  Doherty  '96 
and  William  Doherty  on  June  12,  2006.  Named  Aidan 
William... First  child  and  son  to  Nicholas  Felten  '96, 
M.B.A.  '03  and  Gloriana  Felten  on  Oct.  27,  2007. 
Named  Jose  Nicholas... First  child  and  daughter  to 
Claire  Kennedy  Keane  '96  and  Robert  Keane  Jr. 
on  Sept.  2,  2007.  Named  Caroline  Mary. .  .Second 
child  and  first  daughter  to  Amy  S.  Kenney  '96  and 
Justin  H.  Kenney  on  Jan.  1,  2008.  Named  Kathryn 
Anne...  Second  child  and  son  to  Margaret  Ward 
SCOtt  '96  and  Derek  W.  Scott  on  July  16,  2007. 
Named  Andrew  Parker... Second  child  and  son  to 
Dorothee  Neau  Ashby  '97  and  Scott  Ashby  on 
Dec.  31,  2007.  Named  Benjamin  Allen... Second 
child  and  son  to  Suzanne  Bieksha  Felton  '97 
and  Billy  Daniel  Felton  BSE.  '94  on  Aug.  25, 
2007.  Named  John  William. .  .First  child  and  daugh- 
ter to  Jason  Layton  '97  and  Kimberly  Gunter 
Layton  '97  on  Dec.l 5,  2007.  Named  Adeline  Pearl. . . 
First  child  and  son  to  Jamieson  A.  Smith  '97, 
J.D.  '01  and  Komal  Bazaz  Smith  '98  on  Sept.  19, 
2007.  Named  Jahan  Kumar. .  .Twins,  second  son  and 
first  daughter,  to  Lauren  Eisner  Ward  '97  and 
Henry  Davis  Ward  B.S.E.  '95  on  Oct.  24,  2007. 
Named  Carter  Joseph  and  Emerson  Marie. .  .First 
child  and  son  to  Komal  Bazaz  Smith  '98  and 
Jamieson  A.  Smith  '97,  J.D.  '01  on  Sept.  19, 
2007.  Named  Jahan  Kumar... Third  child  and  second 
daughter  to  Lisa  Levin  Reichmann  J.D.  '99  and 
Daniel  Reichmann  on  Nov.  1,  2007.  Named  Kira 
Levin... First  child  and  daughter  to  Jamie  Trauner 
Rosen  '99  and  Michael  Rosen  '99  on  Aug.  14, 
2007.  Named  Molly  Lorraine. .  .First  child  and  daughter 

to  Tiffany  House  Whiteside  '99  and  Claxton 

Whiteside  on  Oct.  8,  2007.  Named  Soleil  Dia. 

2000s 

Michael  P.  Mullins  '01  teaches  undergraduate  biology 
classes  and  is  a  master  teacher  for  Kaplan  Test  Prep. 
Sarah  Scavia  Mullins  01  is  chief  resident  at 
Christiana  Care  Family  Medicine  in  Wilmington,  Del. 
She  will  be  joining  a  family  practice  this  summer. 
Andrew  E.  Brookens  '02  completed  two  years  of 
service  with  the  Peace  Corps  in  Potolo,  Bolivia.  He 
worked  to  train  regional  tourist  guides,  coordinate 
small  infrastructure  projects,  and  develop  a  youth 
center  that  included  a  library  and  computers. 
Scott  WoodhOUSe  Ph.D.  '02  has  joined  the  law 
firm  Sterne  Kessler  Goldstein  Fox  and  works  in  the 
biotechnology  division. 

Michael  B.  Jacobson  '03  has  been  named  an 
associate  at  the  law  firm  Baker  Hostetler.  He  works  in 
its  Cleveland,  Ohio,  office. 

Andrew  Skurka  '03  was  named  2007  Adventurer 
of  the  Year  by  National  Geographic  Adventure.  He 
earned  the  honor  by  making  a  solo  hike  of  6,875 
miles  that  began  and  ended  in  the  Grand  Canyon. 


Averaging  35  miles  a  day,  he  passed  through  five 
mountain  ranges  and  12  national  parks. 

Mary  Katherine  Hackney  '04  has  joined  the 

Charlotte  office  of  the  law  firm  Parker  Poe  Adams 
&  Bernstein. 

Tyler  Henkel  '04  has  been  admitted  to  the  Texas 
bar.  He  is  an  associate  in  the  insurance  department 
of  Cozen  O'Connor  law  firm,  practicing  with  the 
insurance-coverage  claims/litigation  group. 

Casey  Anne  Jarain  Ph.D.  '06  is  an  assistant  pro- 
fessor in  the  English  Jepurrment  at  Macalester 
College  in  St.  Paul,  Minn. 
Amy  Elizabeth  Hamilton  07  has  joined  the 

Peace  Corps  for  two  years  of  service  in  Tonga. 

MARRIAGES:  Scott  Meisler  '00  to  Stephanie 
Rosenthal  on  Oct.  20,  2007.  Residence:  Washing- 
ton...Katherine  Van  Loon  '00  to  Jonathan  Steitz 
on  Nov.  3,  2007.  Residence:  Boston... Molly  J. 
Daymont  '01  to  Sean  K.  Price  on  Sept.  29,  2007. 
Residence:  Ellicott  City,  Md.. ..Justin  M.  Graham 
'02  to  Nadine  C.  Tajirian  '03  on  Aug.  25,  2007. 
Residence:  New  York... Emily  C.  Dawson  '03  to 
Matthew  J.  Simmons  'Q5  on  Aug.  11,  2007. 
Residence:  Atlanta... Nadine  C.  Tajirian  '03  to 
Justin  M.  Graham  '02  on  Aug.  25,  2007.  Residence: 
New  York.   Monica  Kelly  Melchionni  04  to 
Jason  C.  Hillman  on  Aug.  4,  2007.  Residence:  New 
Haven,  Conn. ...John  Cochenour  05  to  Caroline 
Hile  '05  on  Aug.  12,  2007.  Residence:  New  York... 
Kevin  M.  Heilenday  05  to  Laura  L.  Bowers 

'06  on  Oct.  7,  2007.  Residence:  Portland,  Texas. 
BIRTHS:  First  child  and  daughter  to  Ingrid  Sheriff 
Allen  '00  and  Judson  Allen  on  Oct.  24,  2007.  Named 


Lucy  Katherine... First  child  and  daughter  to  Caro- 
line Nichol  Campbell  00  and  Charles  Campbell 
on  Nov.  10,  2007.  Named  Katherine  Elizabeth... First 
child  and  son  to  Alexis  Sherwin  James  '00  and 
Adam  James  on  Dec.  5,  2007.  Named  Zachary 
Mason... First  child  and  son  to  Sara  Harris  Eaton 
'01  and  Tyler  Eaton  on  Oct.  11,  2007.  Named  James 
Henry... First  child  and  daughter  to  Elizabeth  Lucas 

Fricklas  01  and  Ethan  J.  Fricklas  B.S.E.  01  on 

Feb.  13,  2007.  Named  Elise  Caroline... First  child  and 
son  to  Sarah  Scavia  Mullins  '01  and  Michael  P. 
Mullins  '01  on  Dec.  18,  2007.  Named  Aidan  James. . . 
First  child  and  son  to  Aimee  Self  Radom  '01  and 
Christopher  Radom  '01  on  Nov.  2,  2007.  Named 
Avery  Christopher. .  .First  child  and  daughter  to 
Sarah  Struthers  Kubinski  03  andJimKubinski 

on  Sept.  17,  2007.  Named  Kelly  Ann. .  .First  child 

and  daughter  to  Jessalyn  Salter  Meeks  H  '07 
and  Kevin  G.  Meeks  '93  on  June  4,  2007.  Named 
Anne  Elizabeth. .  .Twins,  first  son  and  daughter,  to 

Matthew  J.  Potoshnick  MBA  '07  and  Nicole 

Potoshnick  on  Jan.  8,  2008.  Named  Noah  James  and 
Ella  Faith. 


Deaths 

Dorothy  Jennette  Marrow  '30  of  Yorktown, 
Va.,  on  Oct.  31,  2007.  She  was  a  member  of  Alpha 
Delta  Pi  sorority  and  graduated  cum  laude.  She  is  sur- 
vived by  a  daughter,  a  sister,  and  two  granddaughters. 

Sidney  Teller  '32  of  Boca  Raton,  Fla.,  on  April  4, 
2007.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Stella,  and  a  daughter. 

Catherine  Shankle  Deaton  '33  of  Beaufort, 
S.C.,  on  Nov.  5,  2007.  She  earned  her  M.A.  from 


Experience  all  the  pleasures  of  our  gracious  Inn.  Shady  pine-scented 

fairways. ..a  sparkling  pool. ..elegant  guest  rooms  and  four-diamond 

dining.  A  warm  welcome's  waiting  for  our  friends  from  Duke. 

Luxurious  rooms  &  suites  •  Restaurants  &  golf-view  dining  terrace 
Pool,  sundeck  &  fitness  center  •  Top-ranked  golf  •  Executive  Conference  Center 


Washington  Duke 
Inn  &  Golf  Club 


3001   CAMERON  BOULEVARD,  DURHAM,  NC  27705 
800.443.3853     919.490.0999     WASHINCTONDUKEINN.COM 


May-June  2008 


UNC-CH  and  then  worked  as  a  teacher  and  guid- 
ance counselor  in  North  Carolina  for  44  years.  She  is 
survived  by  a  son,  a  grandson,  and  a  great-grandson. 

Charles  M.  Keefer  '33  of  Columbia,  S.C.,  on  Oct. 
28,  2007.  He  served  in  the  Army  during  World  War 
11,  working  in  the  Fort  Jackson  finance  department. 
After  the  war,  he  worked  for  the  Seibels  Bruce 
Group,  an  insurance  company.  He  is  survived  by  a 
son  and  a  daughter. 

Margaret  Herman  Guy  B.N.  '34,  B.S.N.  '38  of 
Charlotte,  on  Aug.  3,  2007.  After  earning  her  nurs- 
ing degree,  she  worked  on  the  surgical  floor  at  Duke 
Hospital  until  1940.  She  served  as  president  of  the 
Women  of  the  First  Presbyterian  Church  in  Salisbury, 
N.C  She  is  survived  by  a  daughter,  a  sister,  five 
grandsons,  and  four  great-grandchildren. 

Mary  Lee  Sykes  Cox  '35  of  Irmo,  S.C.,  on  Nov. 

8,  2007.  An  English  major,  she  taught  high  school  in 
Linwood,  N.C,  for  12  years.  She  is  survived  by  two 
daughters,  eight  grandchildren,  and  seven  great- 
grandchildren. 

Anita  Murray  Cummings  '35  of  Signal 
Mountain,  Tenn.,  on  Dec.  12,  2007.  She  worked  for 
the  FBI  in  Washington.  After  marrying  and  relocat- 
ing to  Chattanooga,  Tenn.,  she  worked  for  several 
law  firms.  She  is  survived  by  a  daughter,  Joyce 
Cummings  Tucker  '63;  two  sons;  a  brother;  five 
grandchildren;  two  nieces,  including  Ada  Ruth  M. 
Koch  '80;  and  three  great-grandchildren. 

James  T.  Francis  '35  of  Richmond,  Va.,  on  Aug. 
6,  2007.  During  World  War  II,  he  served  in  the 
Army's  104th  Infantry  Timberwolf  Division  and 
received  the  Infantryman's  Combat  Badge.  He 
attended  Duke  befote  the  war.  He  graduated  from 


Virginia  Commonwealth  University  in  1970.  For  22 
years,  he  worked  as  public-relations  director  of 
Buckroe  Beach  Amusement  Park  and,  for  35  years,  as 
the  assistant  public-relations  director  for  the  State 
Fair  of  Virginia.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Frances. 

Frances  Anderson  Reeder  '35  of  Tallahassee, 
Fla.,  on  April  17,  2007.  In  World  War  II,  she  served 
as  an  anaesthetist  in  the  Army  Nurse  Corps  in  evacu- 
ation hospitals  in  Europe.  She  received  her  M.D. 
from  the  Medical  College  of  Virginia  in  1954.  She 
was  head  of  the  psychiatric  unit  at  the  Lynchburg, 
Va.,  VA  hospital  and  then  became  an  associate  pro- 
fessor of  psychiatry  at  the  Johns  Hopkins  University. 
She  is  survived  by  three  stepchildren,  five  grandchil- 
dren, and  five  great-grandchildren. 

Carey  Bowen  Wilcox  '35  of  Carefree,  Ariz.,  on 
Feb.  20,  2006.  She  majored  in  physics  at  Duke  and 
went  on  to  earn  her  master's  from  Arizona  State 
University  in  1967.  Survivors  include  a  son  and  a 
cousin,  Elizabeth  Stone  Allen  '38. 

Peter  E.  NakteniS  '36  of  Singer  Island,  Fla.,  on 
Aug.  1,  2007.  He  attended  Duke  on  a  baseball  schol- 
arship and  became  a  pitcher  in  both  the  minor  and 
major  leagues.  He  later  became  a  founding  partner  of 
Wilco  and  the  president  of  Dean  Machine  Products 
in  Connecticut.  He  is  survived  by  a  son;  three  daugh- 
ters, including  Patricia  E.  Naktenis  J.D.  '79;  five 

grandchildren;  and  live  great-grandchildren. 

Robert  W.  Conner  B.S.E.  '37  of  High  Point, 
N.C,  on  Dec.  7,  2007.  He  studied  architecture  at 
N.C.  State  and  served  in  the  93rd  Seabee  Battalion 
in  the  Russell,  Green,  and  Philippine  Islands  during 
World  War  II.  An  avid  environmentalist,  he  was  a 
founder  and  served  as  president  of  the  Conservation 
Council  of  North  I  'arolin.i  and  the  Conservation 


Developed  by  Maida  Vale,  LLC.  Dedicated  to  Changing  the  Way  You  Live. 


Foundation  of  North  Carolina.  He  was  also  instru- 
mental in  founding  Friends  of  State  Parks  and  the 
Piedmont  Environmental  Center.  He  is  survived  by 
his  wife,  Elizabeth  Hatcher  Conner  '39;  a  son; 
two  daughters,  including  Christine  Conner 

Levin  '76;  a  sister;  and  three  grandsons. 

Morton  D.  Kritzer  '37  of  Beverly  Hills,  Calif.,  on 
Aug.  26,  2007.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Marylyn;  a 
daughter;  a  son;  a  brother;  and  eight  grandchildren. 

Carol  Wilkinson  Moss  '37  of  Branford,  Conn., 
on  Aug.  16,  2007.  At  Duke,  she  majored  in  botany. 
She  is  survived  by  a  daughter. 

Helen  Wade  Parke  '37  of  Birchmnville,  Pa.,  on 
Aug.  4,  2007.  She  attended  law  school  at  the 
University  of  Pennsylvania  and,  in  1941,  became  the 
second  female  to  be  admitted  to  the  Chester  County 
Bar  Association.  From  1942  to  1945,  she  served  in 
the  Army  Air  Corps,  attaining  the  rank  of  captain. 
She  is  survived  by  a  son. 

Charles  S.  Plumb  B.S.C.E.  '37  of  Stockton,  Calif.,  on 
Oct.  30,  2007.  A  Navy  veteran,  he  owned  C.S.  Plumb 
Construction  Co.  He  is  survived  by  two  daughters, 
four  grandchildren,  and  eight  great-grandchildren. 

Willard  R.  Schlesinger  '37  of  Miami,  on  Oct.  16, 
2007.  An  Army  veteran  who  served  during  World 
War  II,  he  was  active  in  the  desegregation  of  the  Dade 
County  school  system  in  Florida  in  the  1 960s  and  was 
chair  of  the  Greatet  Miami  chapter  of  the  ACLU  in 
the  1970s.  As  a  counselor  at  Allapattah  Junior  High 
School,  he  was  among  the  first  to  teach  English  as  a 
second  language  to  Cuban  immigrant  children.  He  is 
survived  by  his  wife,  Bernyce  Leese,  and  a  son. 

Ruth  Couse  Collins  '38  of  Charlotte,  on 
March  2,  2007.  At  Duke,  she  was  a  member  of  Pi 
Beta  Phi  sorority. 
Everett  H.  Lowman  B.D.  '38  of  Asheville, 

N.C,  on  Oct.  25,  2007.  He  was  a  graduate  of 
Rutherford  College  and  Berea  College  and  served 
the  Western  Conference  of  the  United  Methodist 
Church  for  37  years.  He  is  survived  by  two  sons,  a 
daughter,  two  brothers,  six  grandchildren,  and  seven 
great-grandchildren. 

Edward  E.  Post  Jr.  '38  of  Brinklow,  Md.,  on  July 
15,  2007.  A  World  War  II  Navy  veteran,  he  owned 
and  operated  The  Cleveland  Times,  a  newspaper  in 
Shelby,  N.C,  until  1954,  when  he  began  working  at 
the  State  Department  for  the  U.S.  Information 
Agency  (USIA).  Following  his  retirement  from 
USIA,  he  edited  NCRR  Reporter  magazine,  published 
by  the  National  Institutes  of  Health.  He  is  survived 
by  his  wife,  Zehra;  three  daughters;  two  sons;  10 
grandchildren;  and  three  great-grandchildren. 
George  M.  Reinfeld  Jr.  '38  of  Garden  City,  N.Y., 
on  Aug.  27,  2007.  He  served  as  an  officer  in  the 
Army  Air  Corps  during  World  War  II  and  continued 
his  service  in  the  Air  Force  Reserves  for  25  years.  He 
became  president  of  his  father's  printing  company, 
Turck  and  Reinfeld  Inc.,  in  1968.  He  later  founded 
Corporate  Development  Enterprises,  a  management 
consulting  company.  Survivors  include  his  compan- 
ion, Joan  Gil;  four  daughters;  a  son;  a  sister;  two 
grandchildren;  and  two  great-grandchildren. 

David  Fitzsimmons  Bew  '39  of  Fitzsimons,  Md., 

on  Oct.  21,  2007.  After  graduating  from  Temple 
University's  medical  school,  he  served  with  the  Navy 
in  the  Pacific  during  World  War  II.  He  was  one  of  the 
first  U.S.  health-care  professionals  to  arrive  in  Japan 
after  hostilities  ceased.  After  his  discharge,  he  moved 
to  Jacksonville  Beach,  Fla.,  and  became  the  chief  of 
radiology  at  Duval  Medical  Center/University  Hospi- 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


tal  (now  Shan  J'-  Hospital).  Survivors  include  his  wife, 
Jeanette;  five  daughters;  two  sons;  a  brother;  a  sister; 
and  many  grandchildren  and  great-grandchildren. 

Carolyn  Wichum  Childs  '39  of  Fairfield,  Calif., 
on  March  1 1 ,  2007.  She  majored  in  Greek  at  Duke 
and  was  a  member  of  the  Phi  Mu  sorority.  She  is  sur- 
vived by  two  daughters. 

Mary  Macclements  Dellinger  '39  of  Charlotte, 
on  Oct.  14,  2007.  While  at  Duke,  she  was  a  member 
of  The  Chanticleer  staff.  She  is  survived  by  her  hus- 
band, Flay;  two  daughters;  two  stepdaughters;  a 
brother;  and  two  grandsons. 

Virginia  Weischer  Florence  '39  of  Weston, 
Conn.,  on  Oct.  16,  2006.  She  was  a  member  of  The 
Chanticleer  staff  and  Sigma  Kappa  sorority. 

Jean  Wray  Harvey  '39  of  Roanoke,  Va.,  on  Aug. 
17,  2007.  During  World  War  II,  she  became  a  lieu- 
tenant in  the  first  class  of  Navy  WAVES.  A  former 
high-school  teacher,  she  was  an  elder  and  trustee  of 
Deer  Creek  Harmony  Presbyterian  Church  in  Darling- 
ton, Md.  She  is  survived  by  three  daughters,  a  sister, 
six  grandchildren,  and  two  great-grandchildren. 

Herbert  R.  Northrup  '39  of  Haverford,  Pa.,  on 
Oct.  22,  2007.  He  was  the  starting  catcher  for  Duke's 
baseball  team  three  years  running  and  graduated  Phi 
Beta  Kappa.  He  earned  an  M.D.  and  a  Ph.D.  in  eco- 
nomics from  Harvard.  During  World  War  II,  he 
served  on  the  War  Labor  Board  and  assisted  in  the 
coordination  of  craftsmen  for  the  war  effort.  He 
taught  at  several  universities  including  the  Univer- 
sity of  Pennsylvania,  retiring  as  professor  emeritus  of 
management  in  1988.  He  was  a  prolific  author,  pub- 
lishing books  on  labor  economics  and  race  relations. 
He  was  a  consultant  to  the  secretaries  of  labor  under 
the  Nixon  and  Reagan  administrations,  and  his  work 
on  employment  practices  has  been  used  by  Congress 
in  drafting  anti-discrimination  and  labor-law  legisla- 
tion. He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Eleanor;  a  daughter; 
four  sons;  and  seven  grandchildren. 

Ludie  Bothwell  Parker  '39  of  Greensboro,  on 
Sept.  24,  2007.  During  World  War  II,  she  volun- 
teered with  the  Red  Cross  and  worked  on  the 
Manhattan  Project  in  Oak  Ridge,  Tenn.  She  is  sur- 
vived by  three  daughters,  five  grandchildren,  and  four 
great-grandchildren. 

John  G.  Sellers  '39,  M.D.  '43  of  Norfolk,  Va.,  on 
Oct.  30,  2007.  He  served  as  a  Navy  Medical  Corps 
officer  in  World  War  II.  After  the  war,  he  owned  a 
private  practice  and  served  as  the  president  of  the 
Virginia  Ear,  Nose,  and  Throat  Society.  He  is  sur- 
vived by  his  wife,  Florence;  one  daughter;  two  sons; 
11  grandchildren,  including  Thomas  B.  Sellers 
Jr.  B.S.E.  '94;  and  13  great-grandchildren. 

Ruth  Manville  Walker  '39  of  Westport,  NY.,  on 
Dec.  11,  2007.  A  passionate  horseback  rider,  she 
operated  a  riding  academy  on  her  family  farm  during 
the  1940s.  She  is  survived  by  two  daughters,  three 
grandchildren,  and  six  great-grandchildren. 

R.  Emmet  Howe  '40  of  Atlanta,  on  Oct.  10,  2007. 

He  served  in  the  Army  during  World  War  II  and  the 
Korean  War  and  received  the  Legion  of  Merit  when 
he  retired  as  a  lieutenant  colonel  in  1968.  He  then 
worked  at  the  Centers  for  Disease  Control  until 
1983.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Mary;  three  sons;  a 
daughter;  a  brother;  and  eight  grandchildren. 

Thelma  Hubbard  Stamey  '40,  A.M.  '41  of 

Waynesville,  N.C.,  on  Sept.  17,  2006.  Active  in  the 
Methodist  church,  she  served  eight  years  as  director 
of  Women's  and  World  Divisions  and  the  Health  and 
Welfare  program  of  the  General  Board  of  Global 


Ministries.  She  is  survived  by  her  husband,  Robert 
H.  Stamey  '39,  M.Div.  '41;  a  daughter;  a  son;  a 
brother;  and  two  grandchildren. 

Richard  H.  Ames  M.D.  '41  of  Browns  Summit, 
N.C.,  on  Aug.  19,  2007.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
Alpha  Omega  Alpha  honor  society. 

Norton  Jerome  Arst  J.D.  '41  of  Lafayette,  Calif., 
on  Oct.  16,  2007.  He  received  his  B.A.  from  L.S.U. 
and  attended  Harvard  Business  School.  He  served  in 
the  Navy  as  a  Supply  Corps  officer  and  was  stationed 
in  Pearl  Harbor  when  World  War  II  began.  He  held 
many  positions  within  the  Navy  and  was  on  the  staff 
of  the  Joint  Chiefs  of  Staff.  He  was  on  the  faculty  of 
the  Naval  War  College  in  Newport,  R.I.,  and  retired 
in  1972  with  the  rank  of  captain.  He  is  survived  by  a 
daughter  and  a  granddaughter. 

Ernest  Stanhope  DeLaney  Jr.  '41  of  Charlotte, 
on  Nov.  17,  2007.  He  lettered  in  baseball  and  was  a 
member  of  the  football  team  that  played  in  the  1939 
Rose  Bowl.  He  served  in  the  Navy  during  World  War 
II  as  a  lieutenant  commander  in  the  Supply  Corps  in 
the  Pacific.  After  the  war,  he  attended  law  school  at 
UNC-CH  and  was  elected  to  the  Order  of  the  Coif 
honor  society.  He  was  a  partner  in  the  law  firm  of 
Bell,  Bradley,  Gebhardt  &  DeLaney  for  over  40  years. 
He  is  survived  by  wife,  Patricia;  a  daughter;  a  son, 
Ernest  S.  DeLaney  III  '70;  six  grandchildren;  and 
two  great-grandchildren. 

Jean  Macnutt  Doubleday  '41  of  St.  Albans, 
Vt.,  on  Sept.  24,  2007.  At  Duke,  she  was  a  member 
of  Phi  Mu  sorority  and  president  of  the  Panhellenic 
Society.  She  is  survived  by  two  daughters,  a  grandson, 
and  two  great-grandchildren. 


Sara  "Peggy"  McKenzie  Halliburton  '41  of 

McLean,  Va.,  on  Sept.  24,  2007.  In  the  1930s,  she 
taught  elementary  school  in  Florida  while  attending 
Duke  during  the  summer.  She  worked  as  a  clerk  for 
the  Manhattan  Project  during  World  War  II.  In  the 
1960s,  she  began  teaching  elementary  school  again, 
in  Virginia.  She  is  survived  by  a  son,  two  daughters, 
five  grandchildren,  and  a  great-granddaughter. 

Lena  Mae  Tyer  Moore  M.Ed.  '41  of  Nederland, 
Texas,  on  Sept.  22,  2007.  She  taught  elementary 
school  until  becoming  a  full-time  homemaker.  She  is 
survived  by  a  son  and  a  granddaughter. 

Nina  Gamble  Murphy  M.Ed.  '41  of  Knoxville, 
Tenn.,  on  Sept.  29,  2007.  She  earned  her  bachelor's 
in  mathematics  from  Maryville  College.  She  taught 
mathematics  at  Everett  and  Maryville  high  schools, 
eventually  becoming  the  guidance  director  at 
Maryville.  She  is  survived  by  two  sons,  a  daughter, 
two  grandchildren,  and  two  great-grandchildren. 

Margaret  Braynard  Peabody  '41  of  Holden, 
Mass.,  on  Sept.  24,  2007.  She  worked  as  a  secretary  at 
Rutland  Heights  Hospital  in  the  1970s.  An  avid  gar- 
dener, she  was  awarded  a  master  gardener  certificate 
from  the  garden  extension  service.  She  is  survived  by 
two  sons,  Arthur  W.  Peabody  Jr.  '65  and 

Robert  B.  Peabody  '70;  a  daughter;  a  daughter- 
in-law,  Diane  Cope  Peabody  '70;  a  sister;  and 
four  grandchildren. 

Shirley  Cordes  Wire  '41  of  Chapel  Hill,  on 
Oct.  15,  2007.  Survivors  include  her  husband, 
Lawrence,  and  a  son. 

William  J.  Lohr  L.L.B.  '42  of  Columbus,  Ohio,  on 
Oct.  4,  2007.  He  earned  a  B.A.  from  Baldwin- 


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May-June  2008 


Wallace  College  and  was  elected  to  the  school's 
Sports  Hall  of  Fame,  received  an  alumni  merit  award, 
and  served  as  a  trustee.  After  working  for  the  F.EU. 
for  six  years,  he  became  vice  president  of  Harris  Inc. 
In  1951,  he  became  a  criminal  prosecutor  for 
Franklin  County  (Ohio).  He  opened  a  law  office  in 
1952,  where  he  worked  until  retirement  in  1988.  He 
is  survived  by  his  wife,  Patricia;  two  daughters;  a  son; 
and  four  grandchildren. 

Thomas  B.  Mugele  '42  of  Charlotte,  on  Oct.  29, 
2007.  Accepted  to  Duke  at  the  age  of  16,  he  served 
in  the  Army  Air  Corps  as  a  first  lieutenant  during 
World  War  II  and  received  a  Purple  Heart.  He  was  an 
executive  director  of  the  United  Way  in  Pittsburgh 
and  Charlotte  and  on  Long  Island  in  New  York.  He  is 


First  Annual  Meeting  of 

The  Society  for  Spirituality, 

Theology,  and  Health 

June  25-27,  2008, Durham,  NC 

R.  David  Thomas  Center 

imuw.dukespiritualityandheakh.orgl 

education/national .  html 


CENTER  FOR    SPIRITUALITY 

THEOLOGY  and  HEALTH 


survived  by  his  wife,  Dorothy;  four  daughters;  six 
grandchildren;  and  a  great-grandchild. 

Charles  Hamilton  Reid  M.D.  '42  of  Advance, 
N.C.,  on  Nov.  18,  2007.  He  received  a  B.A.  from 
UNC-CH  and  served  with  the  Army  as  a  major  in 
Japan.  In  1945,  he  opened  a  private  practice  in  inter- 
nal medicine  in  Winston-Salem,  where  he  worked 
before  and  after  his  military  service.  He  is  survived  by 
his  wife,  Beth;  two  sons;  two  daughters;  a  sister;  nine 
grandchildren;  and  nine  great-grandchildren. 

Greer  Ricketson  M.D.  '42,  of  Nashville,  Tenn., 
on  July  31,  2007.  He  received  his  B.A.  from  Vander- 
bilt  University  in  1938.  At  Duke,  he  was  the  first 
president  of  the  Phi  Chi  medical  fraternity.  During 
World  War  II,  he  served  as  a  captain  in  the  medical 
corps  and  received  the  Bronze  Star  and  Purple  Heart. 
After  the  war,  he  returned  to  Duke  as  a  resident  in 
general  surgery.  He  was  clinical  professor  of  plastic 
surgery  at  Vanderbilt's  medical  school,  chief  of  staff  at 
Baptist  Hospital,  and  president  of  the  Tennessee  and 
Southeastern  Societies  of  Reconstructive  Surgeons. 
He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Sarah,  and  a  daughter. 

William  D.  Wartman  '42  of  Dothan,  Ala.,  on 

Sept.  17,  2007.  He  played  football  at  Duke  in  the 
1942  Rose  Bowl  game  against  Oregon  State.  An 
undefeated  track  star  for  the  duration  of  his  college 
career,  he  trained  for  the  Olympic  Games  that  were 
canceled  during  World  War  II.  He  served  as  an  officer 
in  the  Navy  in  the  Atlantic,  Mediterranean,  and 
Pacific  arenas.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Latrelle;  a 
son;  a  grandson;  two  stepchildren;  three  step-gtand- 
children;  and  two  step-great-grandchildren. 

Charles  A.  Zinn  '42  of  Hudson,  Fla.,  on  May  2, 
2007.  He  served  in  the  Army  during  World  War  II, 
earning  four  Bronze  Stats  and  a  Good  Conduct 
Medal.  For  34  years,  he  was  a  lawyer  specializing  in 
workers'  compensation.  He  retired  in  1994.  He  is  sur- 
vived by  his  wife,  Virginia  Carter  Zinn  '47;  two 

sons;  two  grandsons;  and  two  gteat-granddaughters. 

Clyde  Owens  Brindley  M.D.  '43  of  San  Saba, 
Texas,  on  Jan.  10,  2007. 

Edward  L.  Grayson  B.S.E.  '43  of  West  Orange, 
N.J.,  on  July  5,  2007.  He  was  the  founder  and  presi- 
dent of  two  electronics  companies,  RCL  and  Power 
Dynamics,  and  was  also  founder  and  chair  of  the 
Retinal  Research  Fund  at  the  Weill  Cornell-New 
York  Presbyterian  Medical  Center.  He  is  survived  by 
his  wife,  Lois;  a  son;  two  daughtets;  a  brother;  19 
grandchildren;  and  five  great-grandchildren. 

Watkins  "Proc"  Harvey  M.D.  '43  of  Richmond, 
Va.,  on  Sept.  26,  2007.  He  graduated  from  Lynchburg 
College  and  served  for  two  years  in  World  War  II.  He 
worked  57  years  for  the  Georgetown  Medical  School 
cardiology  division.  He  co-wrote  the  first  textbook 
on  cardiac  auscultation,  the  diagnostic  process  of  lis- 
tening to  the  sounds  of  the  heart,  and  recently  pub- 
lished an  updated  textbook  with  audio  samples  on 
the  same  topic.  The  inventor  of  the  Harvey  Welch 
Allyn  Tycos  stethoscope  series,  he  served  as  president 
of  the  American  Heart  Association  and  the  Associa- 
tion of  University  Cardiologists  and  was  elected  a 
Master  of  the  American  College  of  Physicians.  Among 
his  awards  were  the  Distinguished  Medical  Alumnus 
Award  from  Duke,  the  1978  Medal  of  the  American 
College  of  Chest  Physicians,  and  an  honotary  degree 
from  Georgetown  University.  He  is  survived  by  his 
wife,  Irma;  a  daughter;  and  three  grandchildren. 

Samuel  Rea  Kilgore  M.D.  '43  of  Albemarle, 
N.C.,  on  Nov.  1,  2007.  A  captain  in  the  Army,  he 
was  medical  director  for  several  mental-health  cen- 
ters in  South  Carolina  and  Tennessee.  He  received 


the  Distinguished  Life  Fellow  awatd  from  the 
American  Psychiatric  Association.  He  is  survived  by 
his  wife,  Judy;  two  sons;  two  daughters;  a  stepdaugh- 
ter; and  seven  gtandchildren. 

Lemuel  Kornegay  Jr.  M.D.  '43  of  Rocky  Mount, 
N.C.,  on  Oct.  2,  2007.  During  World  War  II,  he  was 
a  captain  in  the  1 15th  General  Hospital  in  England, 
France,  and  Germany.  In  1950,  he  became  chief  of 
staff  at  Warren  General  Hospital  in  Warrentown, 
N.C.,  and  later  practiced  medicine  at  Rocky  Mount 
Sanitarium  and  the  Community  Hospital  in  Rocky 
Mount.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Nancy;  a  son;  a 
daughter;  and  two  grandchildren. 

Colonel  L.  Laws  '43  of  Durham,  on  Sept.  21, 
2007.  He  was  a  member  of  the  baseball  team  at  Duke. 
During  World  War  II,  he  served  in  the  Army  Air 
Corps  in  the  Pacific.  For  40  years,  he  specialized  in 
communications  fot  Gtaybat  Corp.  He  was  a  deacon 
and  elder  at  Blacknall  Memorial  Presbyterian 
Church.  He  is  survived  by  three  sons,  a  brother, 
two  sisters,  and  four  grandchildren. 
Hayes  M.  "Mac"  White  Jr.  '43,  M.D.  '45  of 
Miami,  on  June  21,  2007.  A  captain  in  the  Army 
Medical  Corps,  he  practiced  surgery  in  both  North 
Carolina  and  Florida.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife, 
Betty;  a  daughter,  Judy  White  Mangasarian  '71; 
a  sistet;  and  two  grandsons. 
James  H.  Coman  Jr.  '44  of  Piney  Creek,  N.C., 
on  Sept.  18,  2007.  In  World  War  II,  he  served  as  a 
gunnery  officer  aboard  the  U.S.S.  Wainunight  and 
fought  in  the  battles  of  Iwo  Jima  and  Okinawa.  For 
39  years,  he  was  co-owner  and  operator  of  Coman 
Lumber  Co.  in  Durham.  He  is  survived  by  two  sons, 
Robert  F.  Coman  '73  and  James  H.  Coman  III 
'69,  M.F. '71. 

Nancy  Spangler  Moore  '44  of  Clearwater,  Fla., 
on  May  6,  2006.  A  member  of  Delta  Gamma  sorority, 
she  majored  in  English.  She  is  survived  by  a  daughter 
and  two  grandsons. 

George  Bell  Thomson  '44  of  Franklin,  La.,  on 
Dec.  10,  2007.  He  served  in  the  Army  during  World 
War  II.  He  was  the  founder  and  president  of  Thom- 
son Real  Estate  in  Franklin.  To  honor  his  contribu- 
tions to  architectural  restoration,  the  city  established 
the  George  B.  Thomson  Lifetime  Achievement 
Award,  and  he  was  named  Preservationist  of  the 
Year  in  1996  by  the  Louisiana  chapter  of  the  Na- 
tional Trust  fot  Histotic  Preservation.  He  is  survived 
by  his  wife,  Mary  Beth;  three  sons;  a  sister,  Jane 
Thomson  OmohundrO  '42;  six  grandchildren; 
and  a  great-grandchild. 

Nathaniel  Beaman  III  '45.J.D.  '49  of  Norfolk, 
Va.,  on  Sept.  21,  2007.  He  served  in  the  Navy 
during  World  War  II.  During  the  Korean  War,  he 
worked  in  the  Office  of  Naval  Intelligence.  After  the 
war  ended,  he  became  a  vice  president  of  Southern 
Bank  of  Norfolk  and,  later,  a  vice  president  at  First 
and  Merchant's  National  Bank.  He  tetited  after  16 
yeats.  He  was  a  division  captain  in  the  Coast  Guard 
Auxiliary  for  20  years.  Awards  received  include  a 
Navy  and  several  Coast  Guatd  commendations. 
He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Elizabeth;  two  sons, 
including  William  P.  Beaman  '78;  a  daughter; 
and  six  grandchildren. 

Eugene  Ervin  '45  of  Durham,  on  Feb.  22,  2005. 
Aftet  graduating  from  Duke,  he  served  in  the 
Navy  during  Wotld  War  II.  He  worked  for  Southern 
Parts  &  Electric,  retiring  after  37  years.  He  is  sur- 
vived by  his  wife,  Sarah;  two  sons;  a  brother;  and 
five  grandchildren. 
William  R.  McMurran  B.S.E.E.  '45  of  Titusville, 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Fla.,  on  Nov.  25,  2006.  He  served  in  the  Navy 
and  worked  for  NASA  for  34  years.  He  is  survived 
by  his  wife,  Lois;  a  sister;  three  sons;  a  daughter; 
six  stepchildren;  seven  grandchildren;  and  six  great- 
grandchildren. 

Donald  R.  Mundie  '45,  M.D.  '47  of  Evanston,  111., 
on  Oct.  16,  2007.  He  served  in  the  Navy  during  the 
Korean  War.  He  was  a  member  of  the  faculty  of 
Northwestern  University  Medical  School  and  chief 
of  pediatrics  at  St.  Francis  Hospital  in  Evanston. 
After  retiring  from  private  practice,  he  continued  to 
practice  medicine  at  the  St.  Francis  Howard  Street 
Clinic  in  Chicago  until  2002.  He  is  survived  by  his 
wife,  Elizabeth  Champion  Mundie  R.N.  '47; 
four  daughters;  three  sons;  two  brothers;  a  sister;  and 
20  grandchildren. 

Robert  W.  Cuff  '46  of  River  Hills,  S.C.,  on  Sept. 
7,  2007.  Before  attending  Duke,  he  served  in  the 
Navy  during  World  War  II,  receiving  numerous 
awards  and  citations.  He  worked  for  Hoechst 
Celanese  for  35  years  and  retired  as  a  senior  buyer. 
He  was  an  active  volunteer  Hreman  and  EMT.  He  is 
survived  by  his  wife,  Jean;  a  daughter;  two  sons;  eight 
grandchildren;  and  rhree  great-grandchildren. 

Jack  Arthur  Culbertson  A.M.  '46  of  Columbus, 
Ohio,  on  Dec.  8,  2007.  He  received  a  Ph.D.  from  the 
University  of  California-Berkeley.  He  served  as  exec- 
utive director  of  the  University  Council  for 
Educational  Administration  (UCEA)  at  the 
University  of  Oregon  for  22  years.  The  UCEA  estab- 
lished the  Jack  A.  Culberrson  Award  in  his  honor. 
He  received  top  honors  in  his  field,  including  being 
named  the  Commonwealth  Nations  Fellow  for  1978, 
the  Roald  F.  Campbell  Lifetime  Achievement  Award 
in  1993,  and  the  National  Conference  of  Professors 
of  Educational  Administration's  "Living  Legend" 
Award  in  2000.  In  addition,  he  was  named  one  of  the 
2000  Outstanding  Scholars  of  the  21st  Century.  He  is 
survived  by  his  wife,  Mary  Virginia;  two  daughters; 
two  sisters;  and  a  grandson. 

Donald  R.  Herriott  '46ofWrentham,  Mass.,  on 
Nov.  8,  2007.  He  served  in  rhe  Navy  during  World 
War  II  and  studied  optics  at  the  University  of 
Rochester.  He  received  the  1977  Outstanding  Patent 
Award  for  the  invention  of  the  first  continuously 
operating  laser  using  helium-neon  technology  and, 
over  the  course  of  his  career,  generated  35  patents. 
Among  his  numerous  awards  are  the  Cleo  Brunetti 
Award  from  the  Institute  of  Electrical  and  Electronics 
Engineers  in  1981,  the  Fraunhofer  Medal  from  the 
American  Institute  of  Physics  in  1984,  and  the 
Thomas  Alva  Edison  Patent  Award  in  1986.  At  vari- 
ous times  he  served  as  director,  president,  and  vice 
president  of  the  Optical  Society  of  America  and  was 
elected  to  the  National  Academy  of  Engineering.  He 
is  survived  by  his  wife,  Karis;  three  daughters;  a  son; 
two  sisters;  and  six  grandchildren. 

Margaret  Anne  Cauthers  Braun  '47  of 

Alexandria,  Va.,  on  Feb.  25,  2007.  She  worked  as 
an  intelligence  analyst  with  the  U.S.  Embassy  in 
Panama  before  returning  to  Virginia  to  work  as  a 
consumer  affairs  counselor.  She  is  survived  by  her 
husband,  Gustav;  two  daughters,  Christina  Isabel 
Braun-Beckhorn  'SO  and  Katherine  B.  Braun 
King  '78;  and  four  grandchildren. 

Edward  Eugene  Jones  Jr.  M.F.  '47  of 
Fernandina  Beach,  Fla.,  on  Oct.  1 1 ,  2007.  He  served 
as  a  captain  in  the  Marine  Corps  during  World  War 
II,  receiving  a  Purple  Heart,  a  Bronze  Star,  and  a 
Silver  Star.  He  then  earned  a  B.A.  with  a  major  in 
forestry  from  Virginia  Tech.  He  served  as  city  com- 
missioner and  mayor  of  Fernandina  Beach  from  1966 


to  1972.  He  was  also  presidenr  and  director  of  the 
Florida  Forestry  Association,  a  director  of  the 
National  Pulpwood  Association,  and  a  chatter  mem- 
ber and  president  of  the  Fernandina  Beach  Junior 
Chamber  of  Commerce.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife, 
Marilyn;  two  daughtets;  four  stepchildren;  a  sister; 
four  grandchildren;  10  step-grandchildren;  and  two 
great-grandchildren. 

Marshall  T.  McRae  '47  of  Maxton,  N.C.,  on  May 
15,  2007.  During  World  War  II,  he  served  as  a  second 
lieutenant  in  the  Army  Air  Corps.  He  is  survived  by 
a  son,  a  brother,  three  sisters,  and  three  grandchildren. 

John  C.  Wheeler  '47  of  Green  Pond,  N.J.,  on 
May  30,  2005.  A  World  War  II  Navy  veteran,  he  was 
a  sales  manager  for  Doran  Textile  Co.  He  is  survived 
by  his  wife,  Louise;  a  daughter;  and  a  son. 

Robert  S.  Wolff  '47,  J.D.  '49  of  Southport,  N.C, 
on  Oct.  22,  2007.  He  entered  the  Navy  ROTC  while 
at  Duke  and  served  several  companies  throughout  his 
career,  including  John  Deere  &  Co.,  where  he  was 
director  of  industrial  relations.  He  is  survived  by  a 
daughter,  Susan  Wolff  Andrews  '74;  a  sister;  and 
three  grandchildren,  including  Megan  Elizabeth 
Andrews  '03. 

Donald  Howell  '48  of  Jacksonville,  Fla.,  on  Nov. 
17,  2007.  He  served  as  a  captain  in  the  Army  Air 
Corps'  fighter-pilot  division.  He  graduated  from 
the  University  of  Florida  law  school  and  served 
on  the  Florida  Bar  Association  for  56  years.  He 
worked  for  the  Jacksonville  Racing  Association  for 
37  years.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Jule;  two  sons; 
two  daughters;  a  brother;  seven  grandchildren;  and 
a  great-grandchild. 

Irwin  G.  Manley  LL.B.  '48,  of  Santa  Maria,  Calif., 
on  Sept.  27,  2007.  He  served  in  the  South  Dakota 
National  Guard,  the  Naval  Air  Corps,  and  the  Army 
Air  Corps.  Atter  representing  insurance  companies 
for  many  years,  he  served  at  various  times  on  the  law 
faculties  of  the  University  of  South  Dakota,  the 
University  of  West  Los  Angeles,  and  the  Practicing 
Law  Institute.  He  is  survived  by  a  son,  two  brothers, 
and  a  grandson. 

James  G.  Johnston  M.F.  '49  of  Birmingham, 
Ala.,  on  Sept.  17,  2007.  He  served  in  the  Army  Air 
Corps'  340th  Bombardment  Group  during  World 
War  II.  A  member  of  the  board  of  directors  of  the 
Alabama  Forestry  Association,  he  was  chief  forester 
for  Woodward/Mead  Corp.  He  is  survived  by  two 
daughters,  a  son,  and  five  grandchildren. 
Tyler  C.G.  Kaus  '49  of  Boulder,  Colo.,  on  Nov.  16, 
2007.  He  was  a  life  master  in  tournament  bridge  and 
a  founder  of  the  Copywriter's  Club  of  New  York. 
He  won  more  than  300  trophies  and  medals  in  the 
world  of  wheelchair  sports,  in  which  he  set  the 
world's  record  for  the  breast  stroke,  was  the  national 
wheelchair  table-tennis  champion  for  13  years,  was 
a  member  of  five  U.S.  Paralympics  and  Pan  Ameri- 
can sports  teams,  and  was  inducted  into  the  National 
Wheelchair  Sports  Hall  of  Fame  in  1988.  He  is 
survived  by  his  wile,  Virginia;  a  daughter;  and  two 
grandsons. 

Graham  F.  Pardee  '49  of  Indian  Shores,  Fla.,  on 
Sept.  23,  2007.  He  was  a  member  of  Alpha  Tau 
Omega  fraternity.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife, 
Rosamond  Clarke  Pardee  '49;  a  son;  and  three 
daughters. 

Virginia  M.  "Marty"  Hayes  Webb  '49  of  Post 
Falls,  Idaho,  on  Sept.  18,  2007.  She  worked  on  the 
family  farm,  in  a  children's  home,  and  as  an  x-ray 
technician.  A  member  of  the  American  Legion 
Auxiliary  for  many  years,  she  held  various  offices  at 


the  unit  and  state  levels.  She  is  survived  by  two 

daughters  and  eight  grandchildren. 

Roger  G.  Cook  '50  of  Highstown,  N.J.,  on  Sept. 
17,  2007.  He  worked  for  the  Highstown  board  of 
health  for  13  years,  spent  three  years  as  councilman, 
and  served  on  the  town's  Environmental 
Commission.  For  16  years,  he  worked  to  establish  a 
gteenway  around  the  town;  it  was  named  in  his 
honor  in  2006.  He  owned  and  operated  Art  Station 
in  Highstown.  As  an  engineer,  he  worked  for  General 
Motors  and  Sier-Bath  Gear  &  Pump  Co.  before  join- 
ing the  Good  Housekeeping  Research  Institute, 
where  he  worked  for  33  years.  He  is  survived  by  his 
wife,  Frances;  two  daughters;  six  stepchildren;  and 
thitteen  grandchildren. 


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May-June  2008 


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LIGHT  UP  YOUR 

LOVE  LIFE 

Date  fellow  graduates,  faculty, 

and  students  of  Duke, 
The  Ivies,  U  of  Chicago,  MIT, 
Medical  Schools,  and  more1 


Milton  C  Foard  '50  of  Orlando,  Fla.,  on  June  13, 
2006.  He  served  in  the  Army  Air  Corps  during 
World  War  11  and  then  practiced  internal  medicine 
for  44  years.  He  is  survived  by  two  daughters,  three 
sons,  a  brother,  a  sister,  and  six  grandchildren. 

Francis  L.  Jouannet  Jr.  '50  of  Charleston,  S.C., 
on  Aug.  23,  2007.  He  lettered  in  wrestling  at  Duke 
and  was  a  member  of  Phi  Delta  Theta  fraternity.  In 
1953,  he  received  his  J.D.  from  Cleveland-Marshall 
law  school. 

W.  Harry  Russell  '50  of  Vienna,  Va„  on  Sept.  23, 
2006.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Cora;  two  sons;  two 
sisters;  a  brother;  and  three  grandchildren. 

Jane  Logan  Schwedland  '50  of  Durango, 
Colo.,  on  Sept.  4,  2007.  For  several  years,  she  taught 
nursery  school.  She  is  survived  by  two  daughters,  a 
son,  and  two  granddaughters. 
Robert  E.  Stipe  '50,  J.D.  '53  of  Chapel  Hill,  on 
Sept.  23,  2007.  He  earned  a  graduate  degree  in  city 
and  regional  planning  from  UNC-CH.  He  was  assis- 
tant director  of  the  UNC  Institute  of  Government 
for  17  years  and  later  joined  the  landscape-architec- 
ture faculty  at  N.C.  State.  He  was  named  professor 
emeritus  of  design  after  44  years  of  teaching.  In  1978, 
he  received  the  1  ^istinmnshcd  Conservation  Service 
Award  from  the  U.S.  Secretary  of  the  Interior.  He 
was  a  Senior  Fulbright  Research  Fellow,  a  trustee 
emeritus  of  the  National  Trust  for  Historic  Preserva- 
tion, and  a  fellow  of  the  U.S.  committee  on  the 
International  Council  on  Monuments  and  Sites.  He 
was  awarded  the  National  Trust  for  Historic  Preserva- 
tion's highest  award,  the  Louise  DuPont  Crownin- 
shield  award.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Josephine 
Weedon  Stipe  '52;  two  sons;  and  a  granddaughter. 

Martha  Mallary  Taylor  '50  of  Charleston,  S.C, 
on  Nov.  4,  2007.  She  received  her  B.A.  from  UNC- 
CH  and  her  M.Ed,  from  the  University  of  South 
Carolina.  At  Duke,  she  was  one  of  the  first  female 
recipients  of  the  M.Div.  degree.  A  guidance  coun- 
selor, she  worked  at  high  schools  throughout  South 
Carolina.  She  is  survived  by  her  husband,  Eben 
Taylor  Jr.  '53;  three  sons;  and  four  grandchildren. 
William  F.  Van  Hoy  Jr.  B.D.  '50  of  Asheb'oro, 
N.C,  on  Aug.  14,  2007.  He  earned  a  bachelor's 
degree  from  Guilford  College.  His  Quaker  back- 
ground led  him  to  become  a  conscientious  objector 
during  World  War  II.  He  taught  social  studies  at 
Asheboro  High  School  for  31  years.  At  various  times, 
his  house  was  a  shelter  for  many  abused  mothers  and 
children.  He  is  survived  by  a  daughter  and  a  son. 

Robert  Zahner  '50,  M.F.  '51,  D.F.  '53  of 
Highlands,  N.C,  on  Sept.  1,  2007.  During  World 
War  II,  he  served  in  the  Army  Air  Corps.  After  the 
war,  he  worked  as  a  research  scientist  for  the  U.S. 
Forest  Service  and  later  taught  forestry  and  natural 
resources  at  the  University  of  Michigan  and  Clemson 
University.  He  was  also  president  emeritus  of  the 
Highlands-Cashiers  Land  Trust.  He  is  survived  by  his 
wife,  Glenda;  four  sons;  two  daughters;  eight  grand- 
children; and  a  great-grandchild. 
Rosalee  Lewis  Wernecke  R.N.  '51  of 
Alexandria,  Va.,  on  Sept.  28,  2006.  At  Duke,  she 
sang  in  the  Chapel  Choir.  She  is  survived  by  three 
sons  and  10  grandchildren. 

Robert  S.  Barefield  M.Div.  '52  of  The  Villages, 
Fla.,  on  Sept.  20,  2007.  He  served  in  the  Navy  before 
earning  his  undergraduate  degree  in  engineering 
physics  from  Auburn  University.  After  receiving  his 
Duke  degree,  he  earned  a  master's  in  counseling  from 
Appalachian  State  University  and  a  doctorate  in 
counseling  from  Florida  State  University.  After  many 


years  as  a  Methodist  minister  and  counselor  at  the 
Wake  Forest  Medical  Center,  he  helped  establish  the 
minority  engineering  program  at  the  University  of 
Missouri-Rolla,  where  he  was  director  of  the  counsel- 
ing center.  He  also  coordinated  the  Leadership 
Springfield  program.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Ann; 
a  daughter;  two  sons;  a  grandson;  and  a  granddaughter. 

Cody  Fowler  Davis  '53  of  Tampa,  Fla.,  on 
Oct.  30,  2007.  In  addition  to  her  career  as  a  real- 
estate  agent,  she  volunteered  in  the  emergency 
room  at  Tampa  General  Hospital  and  served  on  the 
board  of  the  Children's  Cancer  Center.  The  Junior 
League  of  Tampa  named  her  its  2002  Sustainer  of 
the  Year.  She  is  survived  by  two  sons;  a  daughter, 
Kimberly  Davis  Reyher  MEM.  '94;  a  sister; 
and  six  grandchildren. 

William  H.  Dean  '53  of  Tampa,  Fla.,  on  Sept.  17, 
2007.  He  served  two  years  in  the  Marine  Corps 
before  beginning  an  almost  50-year  career  in  the 
insurance  industry-  For  40  wars,  he  owned  his  own 
insurance  agency.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Beverly; 
two  daughters;  two  sons;  and  eight  grandchildren. 
Ruth  Rae  Krause  '53  of  Leverett,  Mass.,  on  Oct. 
8,  2007.  She  earned  her  M.A.  from  New  York 
University  and  taught  English  in  Germany  for  a  year 
as  a  Fulbright  scholar.  A  lifelong  peace  activist,  she 
traveled  to  Vietnam  in  the  1960s  and  participated  in 
the  women's  movement.  She  is  survived  by  a  brother 
and  a  stepdaughter. 

Rita  Moore  Bewley  B.S.N.  '54  of  Morehead  City, 
N.C,  on  June  1,  2005.  She  was  a  member  of  the 
Army  Corps  during  World  War  II.  She  earned  an 
M.P.H.  from  UNC-CH  and  worked  with  the  VA  hos- 
pital in  Hampton,  Va.,  for  30  years.  She  is  survived 
by  a  sister  and  a  brother. 
Richard  R.  Buckley  '54  of  Lenox,  Ga.,  on 
Sept.  6,  2007.  While  at  Duke,  he  was  a  member  of 
Pi  Kappa  Alpha. 

Billy  Reeves  Cates  '54  of  Durham,  on  Oct.  29, 
2007.  He  received  his  Ph.D.  from  N.C.  State.  A 
national  bank  examiner  with  the  comptroller  of 
the  currency  in  Washington,  he  was  also  an 
educator  and  served  in  the  Navy  Reserve.  He  is  sur- 
vived by  his  wife,  Faye;  a  daughter;  three  stepsons; 
and  five  grandchildren. 

Daniel  T.  Collins  B.S.E.E.  '54  of  Huntington  Sta- 
tion, N.Y.,  on  Nov.  30,  2006.  He  was  a  retired  execu- 
tive of  the  Grumman  Corp.  He  is  survived  by  his 
wife,  Rita;  four  sons;  two  sisters  and  five  grandchildren. 
Robert  H.  Roher  Ph.D.  '54  of  Atlanta,  on  Dec. 
12,  2007.  He  served  in  the  Navy  from  1944  to  1946. 
He  was  a  professor  emeritus  of  nuclear  physics  at 
Emory  University,  where  he  served  as  chairman  of 
the  physics  department  for  six  years  in  the  1960s 
and  received  several  awards,  including  the  Emory 
Williams  Distinguished  Teaching  Award  in  1973, 
the  Thomas  Jefferson  Award  in  1978,  and  the 
Emory  University  Arts  and  Sciences  Award  of 
Distinction  in  1998.  He  also  served  as  vice  president 
of  the  National  Society  of  Nuclear  Medicine.  He  is 
survived  by  his  wife,  Malbea;  two  daughters;  two 
sons;  10  stepchildren;  a  brother;  four  grandchildren; 
and  a  great-granddaughter. 

John  L.  Sally  Jr.  B.S.C.E.  '54  of  Durham  on  Aug. 
6,  2007.  A  veteran  of  over  30  years  in  the  steel 
industry,  he  was  active  with  the  Associated  General 
Contractors,  the  American  Institute  of  Steel 
Construction,  and  the  North  Carolina  Society  of 
Professional  Engineers.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife, 
Betty  Ruth  Cunningham  Sally  '52,  two  sons; 

two  daughters;  and  nine  grandchildren. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Elias  R.  Torre  '54  of  Detroit,  on  July  20,  2007.  For 
37  years,  he  was  an  executive  with  General  Motors. 
His  father,  the  late  Elias  Torre,  was  a  professor  of 
Romance  languages  at  Duke.  He  is  survived  by  his 
wife,  Martha  L.  Brown  '56;  three  sons,  Tom 
Elias  Torre  79,  Charles  G.  Torre  '80,  and  Elias 
John  Torre  B.S.C.E.  '86;  two  daughters,  Martha 
Torre  Carter  '88  and  Nancy  Torre-Dauphinais 
'94;  and  eleven  grandchildren,  including  Nicholas 
G.  Torre  07  and  Emmy  L.  Torre  10 

Edwin  B.  Schneider  '55  of  Beverly,  Mass.,  on 
Sept.  22,  2007.  A  veteran  of  the  Army,  he  received 
an  M.B.A.  from  Farleigh  Dickinson  University.  He 
was  an  executive  in  the  printing  and  publishing 
industry.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  kathryn;  three 

daughters,  including  Caitlin  Schneider  Wood 

Sklar  '91;  a  son;  a  sister;  and  three  grandchildren. 

John  W.  Thomas  Jr.  '55  of  Carmel,  Ind.,  on  Sept. 
7,  2007.  He  began  his  career  as  a  claims  adjuster  in 
Fayetteville,  N.C.,  and  went  on  to  work  for  Crawford 
&  Co.,  serving  as  branch  manager  of  the  company's 
Indianapolis  office  for  20  years.  He  is  survived  by  two 
daughtets  and  four  grandchildren. 

Lucy  Warren  '56  of  Fort  Walton  Beach,  Fla.,  on 
July  21,  2007.  For  almost  20  years,  she  worked  as  a 
librarian  at  the  local  community  college  in  Fort 
Walton  Beach  and  was  a  lifelong  member  of  the 
United  Methodist  Church.  She  is  survived  by  a  sister. 

Eugenia  Gray  Atkinson  MAT.  '57  of  Durham, 
on  Oct.  17,  2007.  She  was  an  elementary-school 
teacher  for  19  years.  In  1967,  she  received  the 
Citizen  Teacher  award  from  the  Kiwanis  Club  of 
Durham,  and,  in  1973,  the  Durham  Civitan  Club 
honored  her  with  its  Citizenship  Award.  She  is  sur- 
vived by  a  son,  Gene  Atkinson  B.S.E.E.  '64;  two 
sisters;  two  grandsons;  and  two  great-grandchildren. 

Robert  C.  McKee  '57  of  Medford,  Ore.,  on  Sept. 
14,  2007.  He  received  a  business  degree  from  UNC- 
CH.  In  1996,  he  retired  from  the  marketing  depart- 
ment at  IBM.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Kathryn; 
two  sons;  two  daughters;  a  stepson;  a  stepdaughter; 
two  brothers;  and  two  grandsons. 

Robert  E.  Rider  '57,  M.D.  '61  of  Martinsville,  Va., 
on  July  18,  2007.  An  Army  veteran,  he  was  a  partner 
in  the  Children's  Medical  Center  in  Martinsville  for 
40  years.  He  is  survived  by  two  daughters;  a  son;  a 
brother;  and  seven  grandchildren. 

Robert  A.  Regnier  M.Div.  '58  of  Little  Rock, 
Ark.,  on  Aug.  9,  2007.  He  was  a  graduate  of  Hendrix 
College  before  attending  Duke.  He  was  a  Methodist 
minister  for  50  years,  13  of  them  as  the  president 
of  the  Methodist  Children's  Home.  He  was  also 
the  Monticello  District  Superintendent  in  the 
Arkansas  Methodist  Conference  for  five  years.  He 
is  survived  by  his  wife,  Irene;  a  son;  a  daughter;  and 
seven  grandchildren. 

Gerald  Allen  '59  of  Santa  Fe,  N.M.,  on  July  17, 
2007.  A  member  of  Delta  Tau  Delta  fraternity  and 
the  Duke  Players,  he  went  on  to  earn  his  M.D.  degree 
from  the  Medical  College  of  Virginia.  He  worked  at 
the  Santa  Fe  Family  Health  Center  until 


C.  Baxter  J.D.  '59  of  Burlington,  N.C.,  on 
Oct.  4,  2007.  A  Navy  veteran  of  the  Korean  War,  he 
received  his  B.A.  from  Elon  College.  He  then  stayed 
on  at  Elon  for  47  years  in  various  faculty  and  admin- 
istrative positions.  In  2003,  he  received  the  Elon 
Medallion  for  his  service  to  the  institution.  He  is  sur- 
vived by  his  wife,  Gwen;  two  sons;  two  daughters; 
and  five  grandchildren. 

Wilfong  "Bill"  W.  Clarke  Jr.  M.Div.  '59  of 


Newport  News,  Va.,  on  Jan.  8,  2006.  He  began  his 
career  in  ministry  in  1951,  serving  appointments  in 
North  Carolina  and  Virginia,  until  his  retirement  in 
1989.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Alice;  two  daugh- 
ters; a  son;  and  five  grandchildren. 

Patricia  "Tish"  Tafe  Sparrowe  '59  of  St.  Louis, 
Mo.,  on  Aug.  15,  2007.  She  studied  languages  at  the 
University  of  Geneva  in  Switzerland.  She  spent  her 
time  helping  religious  and  social-service  organiza- 
tions develop  financial  resources.  During  the  1960s, 
she  hosted  a  weekly  television  sports  segment  in 
North  Carolina.  She  is  survived  by  a  daughter,  a  son, 
a  sister,  and  two  grandchildren. 

Nancy  Bost  Millner  '61  of  Richmond,  Va.,  on 
Sept.  20,  2007.  She  earned  a  master's  degree  in  edu- 
cation from  UNC-Greensboro  and  a  doctorate  in 
counseling  psychology  from  the  Union  Institute  in 
Cincinnati.  She  served  as  director  of  the  education 
center  at  a  U.S.  Army  installation  in  Turkey.  She  was 
a  licensed  counselor  and  worked  at  UNC-Greensboro, 
in  admissions;  at  the  University  of  Richmond,  in 
advising;  and  at  Virginia  Commonwealth  University, 
as  director  of  the  advising  center.  She  founded  and 
chaired  The  Chrysalis  Group,  a  nonprofit  organiza- 
tion that  fosters  personal  and  spiritual  growth.  She  is 
survived  by  her  husband,  Wallace,  known  as  "B";  two 

sons,  including  Christopher  B.  Millner  '93;  a 

brother;  a  granddaughter;  and  a  grandson. 

William  C.  "Buddy"  Floyd  '63  of  Lumberton, 
N.C.,  on  Oct.  21,  2007.  He  earned  his  M.D.  from 
Tulane  University  in  1967,  then  served  as  a  captain 
in  the  Air  Force  for  five  years.  In  1973,  he  opened  a 
private  psychiatric  practice.  He  is  survived  by  his 
wife,  Fusun  Tiregol  Floyd  '63,  and  three  sisters. 

James  B.  Howard  '65  of  Durham,  on  Sept.  29, 
2007.  He  served  in  the  Air  Force,  in  charge  of  load- 
ing nuclear  weapons.  For  15  years,  he  worked  with 
the  U.S.  Postal  Service.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife, 
Candy;  a  daughter;  a  son;  and  a  brother. 

William  T.  "Tom"  Warren  B.S.E.E.  '65  of  Durham, 
on  Sept.  2,  2007.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Christina; 
a  son;  a  daughter;  his  mother;  and  two  sisters. 

Wendell  E.  Eysenbach  '68  of  Winston-Salem, 
on  Sept.  22,  2007.  He  earned  an  M.F.A.  from  UNC- 
Greensboro.  He  taught  social  studies  in  the  Winston- 
Salem  school  district  and  served  as  president  of  the 
local  American  Federation  of  Teachers.  Active  in 
politics,  he  worked  with  the  Forsyth  County 
Democratic  Party,  was  a  longtime  precinct  chair,  and 
ran  for  the  North  Carolina  House  of  Representatives. 
He  is  survived  by  his  sister. 


Bradley  Hale  Warren  M.F  '68  of  Bemidji,  Minn., 
on  Oct.  1 5,  2007.  He  received  his  B.A.  from  Durham 
University.  He  was  a  woodlands  manager  at  Norbord 
Inc.  before  becoming  an  independent  logger.  He  is 
survived  by  his  wife,  Anita;  two  sons;  two  daughters; 
two  brothers;  a  sister;  and  ten  grandchildren. 

Joseph  R.  Crapa  A.M.  '69  of  Alexandria,  Va., 
on  Oct.  25,  2007.  He  received  his  B.A.  from  St. 
John's  University  before  continuing  his  studies  at 
Duke  and  the  University  of  Arizona.  He  was  active 
on  Capitol  Hill,  serving  as  chief  of  staff  for  Rep. 
David  R.  Obey  (D-Wis.)  from  1987  to  1997  and  for 
Sen.  Charles  E.  Schumer  (D-N.Y.)  in  2001.  In  2002, 
he  became  executive  director  of  the  U.S.  Commis- 
sion on  International  Religious  Freedom,  a  Con- 
gressionally  funded  body  that  reports  on  religious 
persecution  abroad.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife, 
Barbara;  a  son;  and  two  grandsons. 

Bryan  E.  Sharratt  '69,  J.D.  '71  of  Arlington,  Va., 
on  Aug.  16,  2007.  He  earned  his  M.B.A.  from  the 
University  of  Wyoming  in  1976  and  became  a  certi- 
fied public  accountant.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Ann 
Marie;  a  son;  a  daughter;  a  brother;  and  a  grandson. 

Elbert  G.  "Gary"  Martin  71,  M.Div.  74,  Ph.D. 
79  of  Palm  Desert,  Calif,  on  Aug.  12,  2007. 

Edward  J.  Hopkins  J.D.  73  of  Palm  Beach 
Gardens,  Fla.,  on  Aug.  3,  2007.  He  received  his  bach- 
elor's degree  from  Xavier  University  in  1970.  Much 
of  his  later  career  was  spent  as  a  lawyer  with  the  firm 
Broad  and  Cassel,  representing  health-care  providers 
and  companies.  He  was  included  in  The  Best  Lau'yers 
in  America  for  more  than  10  years,  was  ranked  among 
Florida's  best  health-care  lawyers  by  Chambers  USA, 
and  was  named  a  Florida  Super  Lawyer  by  Law  & 
Politics  magazine.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Maggie; 
a  daughter;  three  sons;  his  parents;  and  a  brother. 

Joseph  L.  Thomas  A.M.  75  of  Atlanta,  on  July 
27,  2007.  He  graduated  from  Duke  with  an  A.M. 
in  anthropology. 

Susan  Sewell  Hughes  B.H.S  76  of  Sanford, 
N.C.,  on  Sept.  13,  2007.  She  received  an  allied 
health  sciences  degree  from  the  Medical  University 
of  South  Carolina.  A  medical  technologist  at  several 
hospitals,  she  worked  for  the  past  10  years  at  Central 
Carolina  Hospital  in  Sanford.  She  is  survived  by  her 
husband,  Jerry;  two  sons;  a  sister;  and  a  brother. 

Janice  L.  Mills  J.D.  77  of  Hillsborough,  N.C.,  on 
Aug.  20,  2007.  She  received  her  B.A.  from  UNC- 
CH.  While  earning  her  J.D.  at  Duke,  she  was  a  legal 
assistant  for  the  Equal  Opportunity  Aid  Society  and  a 
Reginald  Heber  Smith  Community  Lawyer  Fellow. 


H  AYDAN  COURT 


Beautifully  Crafted  Luxury  Townhomes  And  Condominium  Flats  In  An  Elegant  Setting 


Midway  54  near  Meajowmont    |    A  Carol  Ann  Zinn  Comm. 
Tne  Home  Team  |  Kim  WooJarJ  |  Uwooaaro@nometear 


1919.967.6363 


May-June  2008 


Duke  Alumni  Association 

Board  of  Directors,  2007-08 

President:  Thomas  C.Clark '69 

President-elect:  Ann  Pelham  '74 

Secretary-treasurer:  Sterly  L  Wilder  '83 

Vice  Presidents: 

J.  Brett  Bennett  M.H.A. '86 

Ann  Wooster  Elliott  '88 

Amy  Schick  Kenney '96,  M.E.M. '98 

Hardy  Vieux '93 

Derek  Moody  Wilson '86,  M.B.A. '90 

Duke  Magazine  Editorial  Advisory  Board  representative: 

Peter  Applebome  71 

Directors-at-large: 

Nelson  C.  Bellido  '89 

Matthew  F.Bostock '91 

Emily  Busse  Bragg  78 

Daniel  M.  Dickinson  B.S.E.  '83 

Julia  Borger  Ferguson '81 

ArtynHaig  Gardner '73 

William  Thomas  Graham '56 

Stacey  Maya  Gray '95 

Roseann  Viscomi  Hassey  '83 

Jeffrey  C.  Howard '76 

Theodore  J.  Humphrey  II  B.S.M.E.  '61 

Anne  DeVoe  Lawler  75 

Jeremiah  O.Norton '00 

John  David  Ross  Jr. '92 

Caroline  Christy  Susman  '88 

Dawn  M.  Taylor '89 

MelviaL.  Wallace '85 

James  V.Walsh  74 

Samuel  Wei  Teh  Wang '86 

Professional  school  representatives: 

Carmichael  Roberts  Jr. '90,  Ph.D. '95 

Graduate  School  of  Arts  and  Sciences 
Elizabeth  W.  Parker  M.B.A.  '85,  Fuqua  School  of  Business 
Amy  Schick  Kenney '96,  M.E.M. '98 

Nicholas  School  of  the  Environment  and  Earth  Sciences 
Timothy  R.  Davis  B.S.E.  '92,  Pratt  School  of  Engineering 
J.  Brett  Bennett  M.H.A. '86 

Department  of  Health  Administration 
Lori  Terens  Holshouser  77,  J.D.  '80,  School  of  Law 
William  Cooke  Andrews  Jr.  76,  M.D.  '80,  School  of  Medicine 
Martha  Cohn  Romney  B.S.N.  77,  School  of  Nursing 
Holly  Eggert  Duchene  D.P.T. '03 

Graduate  Program  in  Physical  Therapy 
Faculty  representatives: 
James  N.  Siedow, 

Professor  of  Biology  and  Vice  Provost  for  Research 
Thomas  W.  Robisheaux  74,  Associate  Professor  of  History 
Student  representatives: 
Hasnain  Zaidi  '08,  President,  Class  of  2008 
Lauren  Lee-Houghton  '09,  President,  Class  of  2009 
Render  Braswell  '10,  President,  Class  of  2010 
Paul  Slattery  '08,  President,  Duke  Student  Government 
Crystal  Brown  L '08,  President, 

Graduate  and  Professional  Student  Council 
Honorary  members: 
N.  Allison  Haltom  72 
William  E.  King  '61,  A.M.  '63,  Ph.D.  70 

University  Archivist  Emeritus 
Suzanne  J.  Wasiolek  76,  M.H.A.  78,  LL.M.  '93 

Assistant  Vice  President  for  Student  Affairs 
Gerald  L.  Wilson  B.D.  '61,  A.M.  '68 

Senior  Associate  Dean,  Trinity  College 


She  served  as  a  lecturer  at  the  Ghana  School  of  Law 
in  West  Africa  and,  in  August  1998,  she  was  appoint- 
ed dean  of  the  N.C.  Central  School  of  Law.  She  is 
survived  by  her  mother  and  eight  siblings. 

Richard  M.  Haynes  Ed.D.  78  of  Waynesville, 
N.C,  on  Nov.  1,  2007.  He  was  director  of  student 
teaching  and  professor  emeritus  at  Western  Carolina 
University.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Dianne;  two 
daughters;  a  brother;  and  four  grandchildren. 

Michael  A.  Masters  Ph.D.  78  of  Anchorage,  Alaska, 
on  July  23,  2007.  He  earned  a  B.S.  with  majors  in 
biochemistry  and  plant  science  from  the  University 
of  California-Davis.  After  earning  his  doctorate  in 
physiological  plant  ecology,  he  went  on  to  work  at  the 
University  of  Alaska-Fairbanks,  Alaska  Department 
of  Fish  and  Game,  and  the  Alaska  State  Virology 
Laboratory.  He  is  survived  by  a  brother. 

Stephanie  Pardo  78  of  Clifton  Park,  N.Y.,  on 
Aug.  24,  2007.  She  was  a  lawyer  with  the  New  York 
Labor  Department.  She  is  survived  by  her  parents, 
three  brothers,  and  a  sister. 

David  Zill  78  of  Bradenton,  Fla.,  on  Nov.  2,  2007. 
At  age  14,  he  represented  the  state  of  Florida  in  the 
National  Spelling  Bee.  When  he  graduated  from  high 
school,  the  state  of  Florida  declared  May  29  "David 
Zill  Day."  He  received  his  law  degree  from  the 
University  of  Florida  and  practiced  in  Gainesville 
and  Daytona  Beach.  He  is  survived  by  his  father, 
three  daughters,  a  son,  two  sisters,  and  a  brother. 
Rexford  J.  "Rev"  Richardson  Ph.D.  80  of 
West  Palm  Beach,  Fla.,  on  May  24,  2006. 
Deborah  Tiddy  Sizemore  A.H.C.  '80  of  Chapel 
Hill,  on  Aug.  3,  2007.  She  graduated  from  UNC-CH 
in  1979,  where  she  earned  her  bachelor's  degree  from 
the  School  of  Pharmacy.  She  is  survived  by  her  hus- 
band, Lawrence;  two  daughters;  two  sons;  two  broth- 
ers; a  sister;  and  two  granddaughters. 
Fred  Houk  A.M.  '82  of  Chapel  Hill,  on  Sept.  23, 
2007.  He  graduated  Phi  Beta  Kappa  from  UNC-CH's 
political  science  honors  program  and  earned  a  joint 
degree  from  UNC-CH  law  school  and  Duke's  public 
policy  program.  Early  in  his  career,  he  wrote  political 
issue  pieces  for  Rolling  Stone  and  started  the  Chapel 
Hill  Elderly  and  Handicapped  Transportation  Service. 
He  co-founded  Counter  Culture  Coffee  and  served 
on  the  environment  committee  of  the  Specialty 
Coffee  Association  of  America.  He  is  survived  by  his 
wife,  Virginia;  his  parents;  two  brothers;  and  a  sister. 

Vicki  Foster  Lofland  '82  of  Wheaton,  111.,  on 
Sept.  30,  2007.  She  was  on  the  staff  of  The  Chronicle 
and  a  member  of  Kappa  Kappa  Gamma.  She  is  survived 
by  her  fiance,  Robert;  her  parents;  and  two  sisters. 

Laird  W.  "Larry"  Lewis  Jr.  Ed.D.  '83  of  Charlotte, 
on  Sept.  24,  2007.  He  served  four  years  in  the  Navy 
and  worked  for  the  Charlotte-Mecklenburg  school 
system  as  an  educator  and  administrator  for  30  years. 
He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Patti;  a  son;  a  daughtet;  his 
mother;  a  sister;  and  three  grandchildren. 

Todd  A.  Harris  '84  of  Atlanta,  on  Oct.  7,  2007. 
He  teceived  his  A.M.  in  education  from  N.C.  State. 
He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Pat;  his  father;  a  brother; 
and  a  sister. 

Homer  F.  Yearick  A.H.C.  '84  of  Morehead  City, 
N.C,  on  Aug.  8,  2007.  He  graduated  from  Lancaster 
Theological  Seminary  in  1943  and  earned  an  M.S.W 
from  UNC-CH  in  1972.  A  Navy  chaplain  during 
World  War  II,  he  served  in  the  Naval  Reserve 
Chaplain  Corps  for  22  years.  He  worked  in  both 
Pennsylvania  and  North  Carolina  and  served  for  five 
years  as  a  missionary  to  Japan.  While  a  member  of 


the  social-work  faculty  of  East  Carolina  University, 
he  developed  an  off-campus  social-work  program 
for  continuing  education.  He  is  survived  by  two 
daughters;  two  sons;  and  five  grandchildren. 

Warren  F.  Smith  J.D.  '85  of  Miami,  on  May  14, 
2007.  He  received  his  B.A.  from  Stony  Btook  Univer- 
sity and,  upon  graduating  from  Duke,  worked  as  an 
assistant  county  attorney  for  the  Miami-Dade  County 
Attorney's  Office  for  more  than  20  years.  He  is  sur- 
vived by  his  parents,  a  sister,  a  brother,  and  nieces  and 
nephews,  including  Carlos  J.  Rodriguez  Jr.  '09. 

John  W.  Minton  Ph.D.  '88  of  Maryville,  Tenn.,  on 
Sept.  20,  2007.  A  Navy  veteran,  he  was  on  the  facul- 
ty of  a  number  of  colleges  throughout  his  career.  He 
was  a  member  of  First  United  Methodist  Church.  He 
is  survived  by  his  wife,  Nancy,  and  a  daughter. 

Nina  Hval  '89  of  England,  on  June  27,  2007.  At 
Duke,  she  was  a  member  of  the  Zeta  Tau  Alpha  soror- 
ity. She  graduated  with  majors  in  art  and  art  history 
and  went  on  to  earn  her  law  degree  from  William  and 
Mary  School  of  Law.  She  is  survived  by  her  husband, 
Robert,  and  a  daughter. 

Daria  Dittmer  Hardin  '91  of  Annapolis,  Md.,  on 
Sept.  26,  2007.  She  received  a  master's  degree  from 
Virginia  Tech.  She  began  working  in  1996  for  the 
City  of  Annapolis  in  the  department  of  planning  and 
zoning  and,  in  2000,  served  as  chief  of  comprehen- 
sive planning.  She  is  survived  by  her  husband,  Ed; 
two  daughters;  her  parents;  a  brother;  and  a  sister. 

Elizabeth  Jewell  Cyrus  Smith  MBA.  '91  of 
Austin,  Texas,  on  Nov  19,  2007.  She  received  a  B.A. 
from  the  University  of  Kentucky  and  an  M.A.  in 
project  management  from  George  Washington 
University.  She  worked  as  an  executive  project  man- 
ager for  IBM  for  more  than  25  years.  In  2001,  she  and 
her  husband  opened  a  small  consulting  business, 
Associates  of  Smithfield,  with  offices  in  Georgetown, 
Ky.,  and  Austin.  A  member  of  the  Daughters  of  the 
American  Revolution,  she  published  six  books  on 
genealogy.  She  also  showed  AKC  champions  and 
established  a  breeding  kennel  for  Greater  Swiss 
Mountain  Dogs.  She  is  survived  by  her  husband, 
Larry;  two  sons;  and  two  daughters. 

Tina  F.  Hewett  M.S.  '00  of  Ocean  Isle  Beach, 
N.C,  on  Oct.  7,  2007.  She  earned  a  B.S.N,  from 
UNC-Charlotte.  For  the  past  18  years,  she  worked 
for  New  Hanover  Regional  Medical  Center  in  a  vari- 
ety of  positions.  She  is  survived  by  a  son,  her  parents, 
a  brother,  and  two  sisters. 
Psychiatry  Professor  and 
Director  Ellinwood 

Everett  Hews  Ellinwood  Jr.  died  Jan.  5,  2008,  in 
Durham.  He  was  73. 

A  former  professor  of  psychiatry  and  pharmacology 
at  Duke,  he  received  his  undergraduate  and  medical 
degrees  at  UNC-CH.  He  was  the  chief  of  addiction 
services  for  members  of  the  military  and  military  fam- 
ilies in  the  U.S.  Public  Health  Service  in  Lexington, 
Ky.,  attaining  the  rank  of  major  before  returning  to 
Durham  to  work  at  Duke  Medical  Center. 

At  Duke,  he  was  the  director  of  behavioral  neu- 
ropharmacology and  a  professor  of  psychiatry  and 
pharmacology  for  more  than  42  years.  He  received  one 
of  the  first  training  grants  from  the  National  Institute 
of  Dtug  Abuse  and  was  an  internationally  acclaimed 
researcher  who  published  more  than  300  papers. 

He  was  also  the  president  of  the  George  Ham 
Society  and  the  Society  of  Biological  Psychiatty  and 
a  member  of  the  editorial  boards  of  several  psychi- 
atric journals. 

He  is  survived  by  his  companion,  Cackie  Joyner; 
two  sons;  a  daughter;  a  brother;  and  a  sister. 


PUKE  MAGAZINE 


Professor  Emeritus  Ottolenghi 

Athos  Ottolenghi  died  Dec.  23,  2007,  in  Durham,  at 
the  age  of  84. 

A  professor  of  pharmacology  at  Duke  tor  40  years, 
Ottolenghi  grew  up  in  Pavia,  Italy.  In  1946,  he  gradu- 
ated from  the  University  of  Pavia  with  a  laureate  in 
medicine  and  received  his  doctorate  in  1948.  He 
graduated  from  the  University  of  Bari  as  a  professor  of 
pharmacology  and  physiology  in  1952  and,  a  year  later, 
became  the  recipient  of  the  first  Fulbright  Fellowship 
in  Pharmacology.  He  was  a  member  of  the  pharma- 
cology department  at  Duke  from  1953  to  1993. 

In  addition  to  his  academic  interests  and  distinc- 
tions, he  was  a  dedicated  member  of  the  Immaculate 
Conception  Roman  Catholic  Church  of  Durham.  He 
collected  photographs  of  renowned  opera  singers  of 
the  late  19th  and  early  20th  centuries  and  was  an 
amateur  historian  of  pharmacology. 

He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Anna,  and  two  sons. 

Professor  Emeritus  Sanders 

Aaron  Perry  Sanders  died  Dec.  7,  2007,  in  Raleigh. 
He  was  83. 

Bom  and  raised  in  Phoenix,  Sanders  received  his 
undergraduate  degree  from  Texas  Western  University 
and  graduate  degrees  from  the  University  of 
Rochester  and  UNC-CH.  Sanders  was  an  associate 
health  physicist  at  Brookhaven  National  Laboratory 
in  New  York  before  coming  to  Duke  as  the  founding 
director  of  the  Radioisotope  Laboratory  (now  the 
Division  of  Nuclear  Medicine)  in  1953.  While 
directing  the  lab,  he  became  the  first  radiation  safety 
officer  at  Duke. 

Under  Sanders'  guidance,  the  laboratory  flour- 
ished, and  he  is  credited  with  having  helped  cteate  its 
active  clinical  and  research  programs.  In  1965,  he 
became  the  founding  director  of  the  division  of  radia- 
tion biology.  He  also  served  as  chair  of  the  North 
Carolina  Commission  on  Radiation  Protection. 

Sanders  was  authot  or  co-author  of  more  than  90 
peer-reviewed  articles.  He  also  served  as  a  Fulbright 
senior  lecturer  in  Argentina  for  two  years.  His  re- 
search focused  on  intestinal  absorption,  including  fat 
absorption  and  cerebral  metabolism,  and  the  effects 
of  hyperbaric  oxygenation  in  animals  and  humans. 

Upon  retiring  from  Duke  in  1983,  he  accepted  a 
two-year  assignment  at  King  Faisal  Specialist  Hos- 
pital in  Saudi  Arabia. 

He  is  survived  by  four  children  and  two  grandchildren. 

Former  First  Lady  of  Duke  Knight 

Grace  Nichols  Knight,  of  Doylestown,  Penn.,  died 
March  8,  2008,  at  the  age  of  89.  She  was  the  wife  of 
the  late  Douglas  M.  Knight,  president  of  Duke  from 
1963-1969.  After  earning  her  B.A.  with  a  major  in 
sociology  from  Smith  College  in  1940,  she  attended 
the  Yale  University  School  of  Nursing,  graduating  in 
1943.  She  met  her  husband  while  at  Yale. 

In  1953,  Douglas  Knight  was  appointed  president 
of  Lawrence  University.  While  the  Knights  were  at 
Lawrence,  Grace  Knight  was  president  of  the 
Wednesday  Club,  a  women's  reading  club;  treasurer 
of  the  Infant  Welfare  Circle  of  King's  Daughters,  a 
Christian  service  organization;  and  a  member  of  the 
League  of  Women  Voters. 

After  leaving  Duke,  she  and  her  husband  relocated 
to  New  Jersey,  where  she  worked  as  a  psychiatric  nurse 
in  a  mental-health  clinic. 

In  2003,  the  then  ptesident's  house  was  renamed 
the  Douglas  M.  and  Grace  Knight  House.  The 
Knights  had  chosen  the  original  architect  and  were 
involved  in  the  design  process. 

She  is  survived  by  four  sons,  including 
Christopher  Knight  J.D.  '71;  eight  grandchildren; 
and  two  great-grandchildren. 


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May-June  2008 


Under  the  Gargoyle 


Lies  and  Consequences 

By  CHRISTINA  ASKOUNIS 

Lies  depress  me,  especially  when,  until 
they're  exposed,  they'te  tewatded  with 
hefty  advances  and  an  enthusiastic 
review  from  Michiko  Kakutani  in  The 
New  York  Times.  Not  even  the  potential  for 
schadenfreude  could  make  me  feel  better 
about  the  revelation  that  Love  and  Conse- 
quences, Margaret  B.  Jones'  memoir  of  life  as 
a  half-white,  half-Native  American  foster 
child  growing  up  in  gang-infested  South 
Central  Los  Angeles,  was  pure,  unadulterat- 
ed, 100-proof  snake  oil. 

As  it  turns  out,  Margaret  Jones  is  really 
Margaret  Seltzer,  who  is  white,  was  reared 
in  the  bosom  of  her  biological  family  in  a 
tony  LA.  neighborhood,  and  graduated  from 
a  private  Episcopal  day  school.  Her  older 
sister  blew  the  whistle  on  her  after  seeing 
her  picture  in  the  paper,  a  fact  that  seems  to 
have  interested  many  readers  more  than  the 
fraud  itself.  (Her  own  sister  outed  her? 
What's  the  story  there?) 

Literary  fakery  is  nothing  new,  but  the 
memoir  has  suffered  more  than  its  share  of 
abuse  in  the  hands  of  the  chronically  hyper- 
bolic, the  melodramatic,  and  the  menda- 
cious. The  genre  has  also  been  maligned  by 
critics  who  see  it  as  a  vehicle  for  the  narcis- 
sistic and  exhibitionist  spirit  of  the  age.  The 
memoir  craze  continues  nevertheless,  and 
while  plenty  of  readers  out  there  may  turn 
to  the  form  for  gossip,  for  entertainment,  or 
because  they  are,  in  novelist  Julia  Glass' 
phrase,  "mortification  junkies,"  I  think  the 
genre  speaks  to  a  deeper  need — for  connec- 
tion, for  intimacy. 

I've  been  mulling  over  all  this  while  teach- 
ing a  course  in  spiritual  autobiography.  The 
class  reading  list  includes  memoirs  ranging 
from  St.  Augustine's  Confessions  to  Anne 
Lamott's  Traveling  Mercies.  Students  also 
write  their  own  autobiographical  forays  on 
themes  as  diverse  as  they  are,  reflecting  on 
loss,  loneliness,  and  struggle,  but  also  on 
moments  of  elation,  insight,  and  gratitude 
as  well.  What  distinguishes  the  best  of  the 
students'  memoirs  and  those  on  the  reading 
list — apart  from  the  writing  itself" — is  a  sense 


of  authenticity,  a  sense 
that  the  writers  have  had 
the  courage  to  look  deep     p 
into  their  own  hearts  and 

experiences    and    have     haS  SUffGTed  mOTG  than 
reckoned  uncompromis-     .,       , 
ingly    with    what    they     ll 
found  there.  "I'm  peeling 
away  every  layer  to  dis- 
close what  I  hope  will  be 
helpful   to  you,"  writes 
novelist  Larry  Woiwode 
to  his  son  in  a  recently 
published  second  memoir,  and  "setting  in 
place  for  you  the  truth  of  who  I  am." ' 

Truth  in  memoir — the  "truth  of  who  I 
am" — means  of  course  something  different 
from  fact,  although  certainly  there  will  be 
facts  in  any  memoir  that  ought  not  be  tam- 
pered with  or  suppressed.  The  memoirist 
says  in  effect,  "This  is  my  take  on  what  hap- 
pened; this  is  the  way  I  remember  it." 

We  do  not  expect  the  memoirist  to  be  a 
disinterested  chronicler  of  her  own  life,  nor 


Literary  fakery  is  nothing 


hands  of  the  chronically 
hyperbolic,  the  melodra- 
matic, and  the  mendacious. 


plant  or  block  out  the  memory  itself.  To 
then  artfully  arrange  what  we  have  written 
into  a  narrative  is  to  alter  and  transform  it 
still  further. 

This  is  why  the  memoir  is  such  a  tricky 
form,  and  why  so  much  depends  on  the  eth- 
ical orientation  of  the  writer.  One  has  first 
to  want  to  get  it  right,  to  resist  the  tempta- 
tions of  self-interest  that  would  lead  one  to 
mislead.  The  memoirist  is  faced  with  thou- 
sands of  choices  in  the  course  of  composing. 
Many  of  them  have  to  do  with  creating  a 
narrative,  discerning  or 
creating  a  structure  in  a 
personal  history  that  is 
more  than  likely  full  of 
loose  ends  and  roads  not 
taken  and  with  much  that 
remains  shadowy  or  un- 
known— what  Melville 
described  as  truth's  "rag- 
ged edges."  The  writer 
must  choose  not  to 
smooth  over  those  ragged 
edges,  must  decide  what 
to  put  in  and  what  to 
leave  out  without  misrepresenting  her  ex- 
perience, grapple  with  what  to  say  or  not  to 
say  about  what  can  only  be  imagined  or 
what  might  wound  another. 

And  while  doing  all  that,  the  writer  must 
ask  herself  continually  whether,  to  para- 
phrase the  closing  lines  of  King  Lear,  she  is 
speaking  what  she  feels,  not  what  she  ought 
to  say.  Writing  itself  aids  us  in  this  process, 
for  writing  reveals  us  to  ourselves,  and  the 
choices  we  make  in  writing  a  memoir  not 


can  we  demand  that  her  memory  be  more  only  create  a  story  in  which  we  are  the  pro- 
reliable  than  our  own.  And  in  any  case,  as  tagonists,  they  create  us. 
scientists  tell  us,  imagination  plays  an  inte-  The  choices  matter  first  and  most  of  all  for 
gral  part  in  memory  retrieval.  Experiments  the  writer,  but  they  matter  for  the  reader, 
reveal  that  a  good  deal  of  what  we  think  we  too.  In  reading  as  in  life,  an  intimacy  based 
remember  has  not  actually  been  "stored";  as  on  anything  less  than  truth  is  counterfeit,  a 
we  recollect,  we  are  filling  in — so  quickly  mere  simulation,  and  must  inevitably  leave 


that  we  do  not  even  realize  it. 

To  remember  at  all  is,  at  least  in  part,  to 
invent.  To  put  any  experience  into  words  is 
an  act  of  interpretation;  in  doing  so,  we  are 
making  something  other,  something  new  of     Stone,  a  fantasy  novel  (Simon  &  Schuster, 
it,  and  once  we  have  transposed  a  memory     2007) .  She  teaches  creative  uniting  in  Duke's 
into  language,  the  new  version  tends  to  sup-     English  department. 


us  feeling  uneasy  and  unfulfilled.  Lies  make 
ghosts  of  us  all. 

Askounis  is  the  author  of The  Dream  of  the 


DUKE  MAGAZINE 


Homecoming  & 
Half  Century  Club 

Weekend  October  17-19 


Autumn  On  CampUS  the  time  for  alumni 
of  all  ages  —  and  students  —  to  connect,  engage, 
and  celebrate  during  a  weekend  of  activities: 

•  Young  Alumni  and  Senior  Class  Reception 

•  Half  Century  Club  Gala 

•  President's  Homecoming  Dance 

•  Duke  Arts  and  Academics:  faculty  speakers, 
panels,  concerts,  and  performances 

•  Step  Show 

•  Affinity  Group  get-togethers 

•  Campus  tours 

•  Football 

For  a  schedule  of  events  and  other  information 
as  it  becomes  available,  keep  checking 
www.DukeAlumni.com/Homecoming. 

Save  These  Dates 

Class  of  2012  Block  Party,  August  23 

Spanish  Old  Masters  at  the  Nasher,  August  24 

Founders'  Day,  October  2 

Parents  and  Family  Weekend,  October  24-26 

Bloomsbury  Colloquy,  February  2009 

Reunions  2009,  April  17-19 

Connect  •  Engage  •  Celebrate 


graduated  in  1958  or  before.  More 
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Magazin 


FINANCIAL-AID  REFORM 
OCTOGENARIAN  ACTIVIST 
DATELINE  AFGHANISTAN 


V 


« r 


* 


BATTLING 
BRAIN 
TUMORS 

tsurgeon  John  Sampson's 
Dvel  approach  to  treating 
,  liest  form  of  brain  cancer 
lown  remarkable  success — 


Charles  Ricks  and 
Luther  Hodges,  Jr. 


Juke  ocnoiarsnip 


7th  Annual  Fuqua  School  of  Business 
&  Coach  K  Leadership  Conference 


THEME  -  Leading  in  Challenging  Times: 
Overcoming  Crisis,  Sustaining  Excellence,  and  Growing  Intelligently 


"his  conference  will  explore  challenges  in: 

Leading  through  internally  and  externally  generated  ct 


.eading  rapid  growth  and  expansi 


Leading  the  development  of  innovative  culture 


Leading  sustainable  success 


■J 


October  20-22,  2008 


Speakers: 

foyan  P.  Allis,  Co-Founder  &  CEO,  iContact 

lEric  R.  Greenspan,  Partner,  Myman  Abell  Fineman  Fox  Greenspan  &  Light,  LLP 

Ijanet  Hill,  Vice  President,  Alexander  &  Associates,  Inc. 

[Michael  Hurley,  Manager,  Ground  Zero;  Former  Fire  Director,  World  Trade  Center 

JBiggs  C.  Porter,  CFO,  Tenet  Healthcare  Corporation 

Iwilliam  C.  Weldon,  Chairman  of  the  Board  &  CEO,  Johnson  &  Johnson 


*Past  Conference  Speakers  Include: 

Myles  Brand,  President,  NCAA 
Lou  Dobbs,  Anchorman  &  Managing  Editor,  CNN 
Betsy  Holden,  Co-CEO,  Kraft  Foods 
Mark  Hurd,  CEO,  Hewlett  Packard 
Donna  Orender,  President,  WNBA 
Tom  Stewart,  Harvard  Business  Review 
Jonathan  M.  Tisch,  Chairman  &  CEO,  Loews  Hotel 
G.  Kennedy  Thompson,  Chairman,  President  &  CEO,  Wachovia  Corp. 
G.  Richard  Wagoner,  Jr.,  Chairman  &  CEO,  General  Motors  Corp. 
I  Judy  Woodruff,  Contributor  &  Former  Anchor,  CNN 
'Sample  listing  of  past  speakers.  For  a  complete  list  of  speakers,  visit  our  Web  site. 


www.ConferenceOnLeadership.com 


MassMutual 


Cover:  Duke's  }ohn  Sampson , 
right,  performs  a  craniotomy 
on  a  brain  tumor  patient. 
Photo  by  Chris  Hildreth. 


V< 


94,  No.  4 


EDITOR:  Robert  J.  Bitwise  A.M.  '88 

MANAGING  EDITOR:  Zoelngalls 

SENIOR  WRITER:  Bridget  Booher  '82,  A.M.  '92 

CLAY  FELKER  MAGAZINE  FELLOW: 

Jacob  Dagger '03 

SENIOR  EDITORIAL  ASSISTANT:  Kale  Bailey 

PUBLISHERS:  SterlyL  Wilder  '83  and 

Peter  Vaughn 

STUDENT  INTERNS: 

Katie  Byers-Dent  M.Div.  '10 

James  Holcombe '09,  Tina  Hao '11 


DESIGN  CONSULTANT: 
Maxine  Mills  Graphic  Design 
PRINTER:  Progress  Printing 


Duke  Magazine  Online 


OFFICERS,  DUKE  ALUMNI 
ASSOCIATION: 

n  74,  president 
SterlyL.  V 
secretary-treasurer 
EDITORIAL  ADVISORY  BOARD: 
Clay  Felker  '51,  chair:  Peter  Applebome  71, 
vice  chair:  Sarah  Hardesty  Bray  72 
Jennifer  Farmer  '96;  Jerrold  K.  Footlick 
Robbyn  Footlick  '85;  Edward  M.  Gomez  79 

John  Harwood  78;  Dave  Karger '95 

Nora  Krug  '92;  Stephen  Labaton  A.M./J.D.  '86 

Hugo  lindgren  '90;  Sara  Lipka  '01 

Julia  Livshin '96;  Valerie  A.  May  7? 
Susannah  Meadows  '95;  Michael  Milstein  '88 
N.Page  Murray  III '85;  Will  Pearson '01 
Lauren  Porcaro  '96;  Shaun  Raviv  '01 
Richard  Reeves;  Jim  Rosenfield  '81 
Susan  Tiflt  73;  Greg  Veis  '03;  Jane  Vessels  77 
David  Walters '04;  James  O.Wilson  74 
Shelby  Oppel  Wood  '95 
Robert  J.  Bliwise  A.M. '88,  secretary 


ADDRESS  CHANGES: 
Alumni  Records,  Box  90581 
Durham,  N.C.  27708 


Mind  Over  Matter  by  Bridget  Booher  30 

Pioneering  neurosurgeon  John  Sampson  is  harnessing  the  body's  immune  system  to  fight 
deadly  brain  tumors,  offering  hope  where  there  was  none 

The  Ghosts  of  Kabul  by  Jeffrey  E .  Stern  38 

Comprehending  the  strange  quality  of  life  in  Afghanistan:  "I  saw  my  share  of  suicide 
bombings.  I  got  arrested  getting  a  haircut.  And  I  wrote  about  everything." 

The  Best,  the  Brightest,  and  the  Neediest?  by  Robert  ] .  Bliwise  48 

As  top-tier  colleges  and  universities  expand  their  financial-aid  offerings,  experts  wonder 
whether  more  generous  commitments  will  change  campuses — and  society 

Dr.YescVy  Matthew  Burns  56 

Working  for  nearly  forty  years  to  provide  decent,  affordable  health  care  for  low-income 
patients,  Evelyn  Schmidt  has  turned  a  modest  community  clinic  into  a  national  model 

Departments 
Quad  Quotes 

Eating  with  mindful  intentions,  standing  up  for  free  speech, 
arguing  to  win  before  the  Supreme  Court 

Forum 

Gay  life  on  campus,  literary  luminaries  in  North  Carolina, 
Ron  Paul  as  maverick 

Full  Frame 

Frisbees  in  flight,  gardens  in  sight 


Rain  and  inspiration  for  graduation,  new  game  plan  for  athletics,  educational  enhancements 
for  medicine;  Campus  Observer:  going  swimmingly  with  the  Blue  Devils;  QekA: 
failures  in  the  financial  system 

Books 

A  medical  mystery,  plus  Book  Notes 


iii  2008  Duke  University 

Published  bimonthly  by  the  Office  of  Alumni  Affairs 


Register 

Animated  reunions  weekend,  alumni-association  leader,  top  teacher,  enterprising  journalist; 
Retrospective:  the  Nixon  Library  that  wasn't;  Career  Corner:  leaving  in  winning  fashion; 
mini-profiles:  accomplished  diving,  spiritual  counseling,  book-club  mentoring 

Under  the  Gargoyle 

The  battle  against  online  piracy 


63 


Between 
the  Lines 


In  my  many  dealings  with  students 
and  former  students,  I  haven't  re- 
ceived many  e-mail  updates  like  this: 
"Still  in  Delhi,  supposed  to  arrive 
tomorrow  although  a  bomb  went  off  at 
the  Kabul  airport  yesterday." 

That  came  from  the  Afghanistan- 
bound  Jeff  Stern  '07,  whom  I  first  met 
when  he  was  a  sophomore.  Stern  was 
taking  my  seminar  on  magazine  journal- 
ism. It  was  clear  from  the  start  that  hav- 
ing him  in  class  would  be  a  challenge, 
the  sort  of  challenge  that  would  change 
the  thinking  of  student  and  instructor 
alike.  Through  sheer  persistence,  on  one 
class-related  matter  after  another — ex- 
ceeding the  specified  length  for  writing 
assignments,  selecting  topics  that  seemed 
unmanageably  ambitious — he  would 
simply  wear  me  down. 

One  of  the  stories  that  Stern  produced 
for  class,  on  a  Durham  baseball  league  for 
at-risk  youth,  evolved  into  a  front-page 
article  in  Durham's  Independent  Weekly. 
For  the  same  publication,  he  spent  time 
living  among  the  homeless.  He  made  his 
subjects  tangible  characters — even  as  he 
exposed  the  public  indifference  that  had 
pushed  them  to  the  margins  of  society. 
Stern  won  Duke's  Melcher  Family  Award 
for  the  piece;  the  award  recognizes  the 
best  published  student  journalism. 

Writing  in  this  issue,  Stern  shares  his 
impressions  as  someone  steeped  in  Af- 
ghanistan. As  he  was  preparing  to  make 
the  trip,  he  was  asked,  endlessly,  "Why 
go  there?"  He  would  always  respond  that 
Afghanistan  was,  simply,  the  most  story- 
rich  place  he  could  imagine. 

At  some  point,  Stern  will  have  to  strug- 
gle with  mundane  matters  like  landing  a 
secure  job.  One  of  his  e-mail  notes  pon- 
dered whether  wearing  "nice  jeans,  but- 
ton-down shirt,  tie,  and  blazer"  would 
impress  an  interviewer — not  an  unusual 
concern.  Stern's  trajectory  is  hardly  typi- 
cal, of  course,  except  for  an  intellectual 
adventurer  keen  on  learning  about  how 
lives  are  lived  under  the  rudest,  rawest, 
and  most  interesting  circumstances. 

— Robert].  Bliwise,  editor 


QUAD  QUOTES 


"These  people  have  to  get 
past  stepping  on  each 
other's  toes  and  kicking 
each  other  in  the  shins  and 
get  out  and  start  providing 
some  leadership." 

—James  Cox,  Brainerd  Currie 
Professor  of  law,  on  the  role  of 
Congress  and  administration 
officials  in  combating  the  cur- 
rent economic  crisis,  in 
BusinessWeek 

"I've  worked  with  lots  of 
obese  people — you'd  think 
they'd  enjoy  food.  But  a  lot  of 
them  say  they  haven't  real- 
ly tasted  what  they've  been 
shoveling  down  for  years." 
— Sasha  Loring,  a  clinical 
social  worker  at  Duke 
Integrative  Medicine  and  an 
advocate  of  "mindful"  eating, 
in  The  Wall  Street  Journal 

"He  has  to  rely  more  on 
large  donors,  which  means 
relying  on  exactly  the  same 
kind  of  Republican  fund- 
raising  apparatus  that  he 
restricted  through  the  cam- 
paign-finance reform  laws." 
—David  Rohde,  Ernestine 
Friedl  Professor  of  political 
science,  on  Republican  presi- 
dential candidate  John 
McCain's  relatively  weak 
base  of  small-dollar  campaign 
contributors,  on  NPR's  All 
Things  Considered 

"We  need  to  do  more  than 
light  candles  and  ring  bells 
to  remember  the  students 
we  and  others  have  lost.  We 
must  act  to  prevent  such 
tragedies  from  recurring." 

—President  Richard  H. 
Brodhead,  in  an  op-ed  co- 
authored  by  UNC-CH 
Chancellor  James  Moeser,  pub- 
lished on  the  anniversary  of 
the  Virginia  Tech  shootings,  in 
Raleigh's  News  &  Observer 

"Oh,  it  exists.  You  know, 
one  of  the  things  about  the 
movement  is  that  we  become 


accustomed  to  it.  Therefore 
we  don't  see  the  drama  the 
way  we  saw  it  during 
Martin  Luther  King's  life." 

—John  Hope  Franklin  Hon.  '98, 

James  B.  Duke  Professor 

emeritus  of  history,  on  the 

civil  rights  movement,  on 

The  Charlie  Rose  Show 

"I'm  very  excited  about  this 
guy.  Remember,  he  comes 
from  an  athletic  program 
larger  than  ours,  and  it's 
definitely  a  good  program. 
It  just  doesn't  feature  foot- 
ball like  we  do.  It's  a  won- 
derful school." 

—Skip  Bertman,  outgoing 

athletics  director  at  Louisiana 

State  University,  on  his 

successor,  Joe  Alleva,  who 

served  as  athletics  director  at 

Duke  for  ten  years,  in  The 

Times-Picayune 

"A  person  who  is  hungry 
and  has  freedom  of  speech 
is  like  a  person  put  in  a 
golden  cage,  and  the  door 
to  the  cage  is  closed." 

-Shirin  Ebadi,  the  first  Muslim 

woman  to  win  a  Nobel  Peace 

Prize,  in  a  speech  at  Duke 

"A  Duke  goal  was  killed  this 
weekend  by  West  Virginia 
in  March  Madness,  which 
had  to  be  a  brutal  blow 
coming  on  top  of  Steel's  Bear 
victory.  But  sometimes  it's 
harder  to  figure  out  which 
is  sweeter — saving  the 
Western  banking  world  or 
making  it  to  the  Sweet  16." 

-Jim  Cramer,  of  CNBC's  Mad 
Money,  riffing  on  Robert  Steel 
'73,  who  chairs  Duke's  board  of 
trustees  and,  as  undersecre- 
tary of  the  treasury,  helped 
orchestrate  a  March  deal  in 
which  JPMorgan  Chase  &  Co. 
bought  out  collapsing  invest- 
ment bank  Bear  Stearns 

"There  is  suddenly  a  demand 
for  smart  Negroes.  You're 


seeing  a  lot  less  of  the  Jesse 
Jacksons  and  the  Al  Sharp- 
tons  and  more  academics 
and  thought-leaders." 
—Mark  Anthony  Neal,  professor 
of  African  S  African  American 
studies,  on  the  increase  in 
diversity  among  political  com- 
mentators featured  by  news 
shows  this  election  cycle,  in 
The  New  York  Times 

"Obama's  message  is  dis- 
armingly  simple  and  histor- 
ically vexing:  Our  God- 
given  unity  as  a  people  is 
greater  than  the  prejudices 
and  fears  that  divide  us." 
—Richard  Lischer,  James  T.  and 
Alice  Mead  Cleland  Professor 
of  preaching  at  Duke  Divinity 
School,  on  Barack  Obama's 


/.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


speech  about  race,  in  PBS's 

online  Religion  &  Ethics 

Newsweekly 

"Do  we  need  to  cover  the 
uninsured?  Absolutely.  But 
if  our  country  is  finally  get- 
ting serious  about  fixing  its 
health-care  crisis,  it  also 
needs  to  rein  in  these  accel- 
erating costs." 
—Ralph  Snyderman,  chancellor 
emeritus  for  health  affairs, 
on  the  inadequacy  of  the 
presidential  debate  over 
health-care  issues,  in  the 
Orlando  Sentinel 

"What  I  don't  want  to  hap- 
pen is  for  someone  to  say, 
'The  best  historical  argument 
ever  offered  to  the  court  was 


Walter  Dellinger's  losing 
argument.'  The  academic 
and  constitutional  debate  is 
fine,  but  our  job  is  not  to  win 
a  historical  debate.  It  is  to 
get  our  client's  law  upheld." 
—Walter  Dellinger,  Douglas  B. 
Maggs  Professor  Emeritus 
of  law,  before  arguing  in  favor 
of  Washington,  D.C.'s  thirty- 
two-year-old  handgun  ban 
before  the  U.S.  Supreme  Court, 
in  The  Washington  Post 

"The  game  has,  of  course,  a 
jackpot  that  is  big  enough  to 
inspire  excitement  among 
people  who  are  already  com- 
fortable. That's  something 
that  the  instant  games 
don't  do." 


—Philip  Cook,  a  professor  of 
public  policy  studies  and  eco- 
nomics who  has  studied  the 
lottery  industry,  on  why  more- 
affluent  customers  play  Power- 
ball  rather  than  scratch-off 
games,  in  The  News  &  Observer 

"Just  like  China's  suppress- 
ing free  speech,  so  the  pro- 
Chinese  protesters  were 
suppressing  free  speech 
today  by  trying  to  block  all 
our  signs,  yell  louder  than 
us  and  use  space  that  was 
reserved  for  us." 

—Daniel  Cordero  '09,  after 

activists  from  the  Duke  Human 

Rights  Coalition,  who  marched 

from  East  Campus  to  West 

advocating  a  free  Tibet, 

were  met  by  pro-Chinese 

protestors,  in  The  Chronicle 


Sky  high:  Graduate  students  Vivian  Tseng, 
Yuchih  Nien,  and  Hanyu  Shih,  from  left,  pose  for 
classmate  Ben  Chung  after  reaching  the  top 
of  Duke  Chapel  as  part  of  the  first  annual  Chapel 
Climb  for  graduate  and  professional  students, 
sponsored  by  the  Duke  Alumni  Association. 

"Now  they  can  pick  and 
choose,  but  back  then  we 
were  the  only  game  in  town. 
It's  become  like  a  celebrity 
tug-of-war." 

—Don  Shea,  founding  member 
of  the  Duke  Children's  Classic 
board,  on  the  annual  golf  tour- 
nament, which  raises  money 
for  the  Duke  Children's  Hos- 
pital, being  called  off  after 
thirty-five  years,  owing  in  part 
to  a  lack  of  celebrity  partici- 
pants, in  Durham's  Herald-Sun 


DUKE  MAGAZINE    July-August  2008 


Forum 


On  the  Money 


Buried  in  the  [January- 
February  2008]  issue  was 
the  news  that  DUMAC 
had  a  return  of  25.6  percent 
last  year,  raising  Duke's 
endowment  to  $5.9  billion. 
That's  quite  impressive. 
However,  it  begs  the  ques- 
tion, what  is  Duke  planning 
to  do  with  this  money? 

I  find  it  truly  disappoint- 
ing that  while  we  celebrate 
Duke's  huge  returns,  we  fail 
to  mention  how  tuition  at 
Duke  has  risen  to  $46,000  a 
year,  and  goes  up  about  6  to 
7  percent  every  year  (ac- 
cording to  Duke's  own  ad- 
missions website).  Hun- 
dreds of  students  graduate 
from  Duke  every  year  deep 
in  debt,  faced  with  loan 
repayments  for  the  better 
part  of  their  lives. 

Duke  is  supposed  to  be  a 
place  that  builds  the  future 
leaders  of  our  nations  and 
businesses.  Instead,  it's 
turned  into  a  place  that 
builds  buildings  and  big 
numbers  in  its  bank  ac- 
count. I  think  many  of  the 
donors  to  Duke's  treasured 
endowment  fund  would  be 
truly  disappointed  to  see 
that  their  hard-earned 
money  is  being  used  for 
nothing  more  than  to  make 
some  money  managers  feel 
good  about  themselves. 
This  isn't  a  competition 
with  Harvard  and  Yale;  this 
is  about  students'  education! 

Instead  of  boasting  about 
the  size  of  the  endowment, 
Duke  leaders  should  be  talk- 
ing about  how  they  plan  to 
spend  that  money  for  the 
betterment  of  the  students 


for  which  it  was  intended. 
Here's  a  revolutionary  idea: 
By  using  a  mere  4  percent 
ot  the  endowment  each 
year,  we  could  cut  every 
single  student's  tuition  bill 
to  just  $9,100.  Duke  should 
ask  itself,  "Do  we  really 
need  yet  another  art  muse- 
um, or  should  we  make  a 
Duke  education  the  best 
value  in  higher  education 
in  the  world?" 

Michael  Abemethy  '00 
Austin,  Texas 

Editor's  note:  Duke  was 
among  several  universities 
providing  a  comprehensive 
response  to  a  Senate  commit- 
tee inquiry  on  endowments 
and  spending  policies.  Duke's 
response  is  available  at  http:// 
news.duke.edu/reports/ 
dukeu_response_senate 
finance2-28-08.pdf.  Duke's 
undergraduate  tuition  in 
the  2008-09  academic  year 
is  $36,065;  total  costs  are 
estimated  at  $47 ,985 . 

Alumni  Orientation 

Thanks  to  Jacob  Dagger  for 
the  encouraging  update  on 
LGBT  affairs  at  Duke  ["Gay. 
Fine  By  Duke?"  March- 
April  2008].  I  was  a  devout 
Christian  during  my  under- 
graduate years.  Because  I 
was  in  a  largely  secular  en- 
vironment, and  because  I 
was  meeting  (a  very  few) 
openly  gay/bisexual  men 
and  women  for  the  first 
time,  I  imagined  Duke  to  be 
an  incredibly  liberal,  plural- 
istic place.  Looking  back, 
however,  I  see  the  campus 
differently.  The  ill  treatment 
I  suffered  because  of  my 


religious  beliefs  never  went 
beyond  verbal  contempt. 
LGBT  students,  on  the 
other  hand,  were  harassed 
and  threatened  with  physi- 
cal harm. 

Much  of  this  persecution 
did  not  have  even  the  pre- 
tense of  a  religious  or  moral 
basis;  it  was  simply  bigoted 
and  vicious,  and  more 
should  have  been  done  to 
prevent  and  counter  it.  I 
hope  all  Duke  faculty  mem- 
bers and  administrators 
learn  to  see  LGBT  issues  as 
a  serious  part  of  real  learn- 
ing and  real  citizenship.  I 
write  this  in  honor  of  Eve 
Sedgwick,  whose  ability  to 
honor  the  opinions  and 
identities  of  all  her  students 
(myself  included)  continues 
to  be  an  ideal  I  pursue  in 
my  own  teaching. 

Christopher].  Piztino  '94 
Athens,  Georgia 

Many  of  the  varied  and 
interesting  topics  covered 
in  each  issue  leave  me  wish- 
ing for  more.  The  articles  on 
the  soccer  team  (five  pages), 
the  performing  arts  (four), 
the  significant  science  news 
(two),  the  fun  of  band  bond- 
ing (two),  and  the  beauti- 
ful, instructive  feature  on 
birding  (five)  left  me  sure 
I'd  be  happy  to  read  more. 

Less  happily,  as  I  read  the 
eight  pages  devoted  to  the 
[LGBT]  movement  at  Duke, 
I  kept  thinking,  "Okay,  that's 
enough,"  only  to  turn  over 
to  find  two  more  pages  full 
of  it.  Why  was  that  group 
treated  as  if  they  were  a 
more  significant  segment  of 
the  Duke  demographic  than 
the  ones  which  Jewish, 


Protestant,  Catholic,  or 
black  student  organizations 
serve?  There  was  so  much 
more  information  than  was 
necessary,  much  of  which 
seemed  redundant,  since 
the  key  point  was  made 
about  halfway  through:  In 
the  college  guide  for  LGBT 
students,  Duke  ranks  in  the 
top  20  "Best  of  the  Best." 
Enuff  awready! 

Would  that  the  gay,  les- 
bian, bisexual,  and  trans- 
gender  members  of  the  cam- 
pus community  were  no 
more  obtrusive  than  the 
participants  in  all  the  other 
extracurricular  groups.  Can't 
we  just  live  and  let  live? 

Connie  Lucas  Winkler  '59 
Missouri  City,  Texas 

I  was  extremely  pleased  to 
read  your  article  "Gay.  Fine 
by  Duke?"  When  I  was  an 
entering  Duke  freshman  in 
the  fall  of  1958,  the  Dean 
of  Men  told  me  that  "there 
are  two  things  we  can't  have 
around  here:  thieves  and 
homosexuals."  The  equation 
of  the  two  puzzled  me. 

Richard  Calendar  '62 
Berkeley,  California 

It  was  really  good  to  see 
Jacob  Dagger's  thoughtful 
article  about  gay  students  at 
Duke,  and  it  made  me  re- 
call my  own  time  at  Duke, 
1968  to  1972,  which  was 
quite  bleak  tor  gays.  There 
was  nothing  at  all  for  gay 
students  on  campus  or  in 
Durham.  Coming  out  was 
not  possible  until  I  went  to 
Munich  for  my  junior  year 
abroad.  However,  in  the 
spring  of  1972,  there  was  a 
gay  students'  organization 


'.dukemagazine.duke.L-Ju 


at  Duke,  and  I  attended  one 
of  their  meetings.  It  was  a 
bit  like  people  nervously 
coming  out  of  a  bomb 
shelter  and  blinking  in  the 
light  and  thinking,  "Wow, 
so  they're  gay  too."  We  were 
not  so  aware  of  Stonewall  at 
that  time,  but  we  certainly 
knew  about  the  gay  libera- 
tion movement  by  then. 

Things  have  changed, 
but  Duke  remains  an  island 
unto  itself;  the  university  is 
wise  to  provide  a  center  for 
gay  and  lesbian  life  on  cam- 
pus where  gay  students  can 
meet  each  other.  I  hope 
they  show  films  about  gay 
life  and  invite  speakers  who 
talk  about  the  possibilities 
open  now  to  young  LGBT 
people.  One  of  the  greatest 
changes  in  gay  life  is  that 
many  couples  and  single 
people  are  [becoming  par- 
ents]. In  1972,  we  thought 
gays  couldn't  have  families. 

The  experience  these  gay 
students  have  at  Duke  now 
will  affect  their  future  rela- 
tions with  the  university  as 
alumni.  Although  I'm 
proud  of  Duke,  I've  never 
felt  very  nostalgic  about  my 
time  there  or  wanted  to 
attend  an  alumni  reunion. 
The  article  made  me  realize 


that  it  probably  has  to  do 
with  my  experiences  there 
as  a  gay  student.  Too  bad 
there's  not  a  connection  for 
gay  alumni,  a  listserv  or 
something.  It  might  make  a 
lot  of  people  take  an  inter- 
est again  in  their  alma 
mater. 

Frank  Daugherty  '72 
Mobile,  Alabama 

Editor's  note:  For  information 
about  the  Duke  LGBT  Alumni 
Network,  visit  www. duke 
alumnicenter.  com/DukeLAN . 

Last  month  I  found  myself 
at  Duke  for  the  first  time 
since  I  graduated,  seven- 
teen years  ago.  I  was  sur- 
prised, and  a  little  comfort- 
ed, to  see  how  little  had 
changed  physically  on  cam- 
pus. Jacob  Dagger's  article 
"Gay.  Fine  By  Duke?"  sug- 
gests that  the  social  climate 
has  not  changed  much 
either.  While  I  didn't  expe- 
rience much  overt  homo- 
phobia at  Duke,  the  gay 
scene  was  small  and  mar- 
ginalized. Those  of  us  who 
were  out  were  a  minority  of 
the  true  gay  population  on 
campus,  and  I  have  heard 
many  stories  of  classmates 
who  came  out  after  college. 


I  assumed  things  were  dif- 
ferent for  the  current  gener- 
ation, but  it  doesn't  sound 
that  way.  I  don't  know  how 
much  of  this  can  be  blamed 
on  Duke,  and  it  does  sound 
like  efforts  are  being  made 
to  improve  the  climate  for 
gays  and  lesbians  on  cam- 
pus. That  said,  it  seems  to 
me  that  LGBT  life  is  more 
active  and  flourishing  at 
many  other  colleges. 

Pro-gay  policies  and  a 
supportive  administration 
(which  one  would  expect 
from  a  university  like  Duke) 
are  one  thing;  a  positive, 
thriving  atmosphere  for 
LGBT  students  and  a  gay- 
friendly  student  body  is 
another.  I'm  not  sure  I 
would  recommend  Duke  to 
a  young  gay  man  or  lesbian, 
and  that  is  a  shame. 

David  Gibbs  '91 
San  Francisco,  California 

The  recent  article  concern- 
ing gay  issues  at  Duke  is  the 
most  recent  in  an  ever- 
growing list  of  abuses  that 
the  average  Joes  have  had 
to  endure.  I  was  an  under- 
graduate soon  after  we  were 
ranked  one  of  the  most 
homophobic  universities  by 
The  Princeton  Review,  and 


in  typical  Duke  fashion,  the 
administration  stepped  up 
its  bending  over  backward 
for  a  small  group  of  students 
that  by  and  large  do  not 
represent  whom  they  pur- 
port to.  For  those  [who] 
choose  to  ignore  history, 
allowing  this  type  of  thing 
is  very  easy.  The  fear  among 
some  is  that  "LGBT"  will 
become  a  demographic  on  a 
college  application  and  will 
one  day  fully  join  the  ranks 
of  the  oppressed  and  disen- 
franchised. 

The  truth  of  the  matter  is 
that  most  gays,  lesbians, 
bisexuals,  and  transgender 
people  do  not  require  the 
megaphone  that  Duke  so 
willingly  provides.  Much  of 
the  perceived  hostility 
toward  these  people  is  real- 
ly a  reflection  of  the  fact 
that  we  have  let  a  small 
group  of  them  diverge  from 
mainstream  society  and 
demand  recognition  for 
their  bedroom  behavior.  If 
we  want  a  truly  just  society 
that  honors  individuals 
and  their  choices,  then  we 
should  take  the  lead  for 
once,  rather  than  aping 
what  the  Ivies  are  doing. 

Duke,  take  the  lead  and 
send  a  clear  message  to  the 
world.  We  do  not  want  to 
live  in  a  world  that  allows 
institutions  of  higher  learn- 
ing to  treat  people  differ- 
ently based  on  their  sexual 
orientation.  Because  if  we 
do  not  stop  this,  the  expan- 
sion of  programs  like  affir- 
mative action  to  LGBT  stu- 
dents is  on  the  horizon. 

Marshall  Walker  '04 
NewOrleam,  Louisiana 


DUKE  MAGAZINE    July- August  2008 


LIGHTUPYOUR 

LOVE  LIFE 

Date  fellow  graduates,  faculty, 

and  students  of  Duke, 

The  Ivies,  U  of  Chicago,  MIT, 

Medical  Schools,  and  more! 


Horum 


As  a  third-generation  Duke 
alumnus,  I  read  with  inter- 
est your  article  on  homo- 
sexuality at  Duke  Univer- 
sity. The  article  is  truly  a 
Dagger  aimed  at  the  heart 
of  our  great  university. 

In  the  1920s,  when  Buck 
Duke  gave  his  millions, 
he  asked  for  a  chapel  tower 
to  he  at  the  center  of  the 
campus.  My  class  ring 
shows  the  Duke  motto, 
"Religion  and  Education," 
in  Latin,  the  classic  lan- 
guage of  academia.  Please 
note  the  order  of  these 
goals.  The  Christian  cross 
in  the  center  of  my  ring 
needs  no  explanation. 

This  current  issue  of  our 
alumni  magazine  devotes 
the  cover  and  six  pages  to 
the  birds  of  the  Duke  Gar- 
dens and  six  pages  to  our 
National  Championship 
soccer  team  and  their 
coach.  Neatly  placed  be- 
tween these  two  uplifting 
aspects  of  our  great  univer- 
sity is  an  eight-page  article 
on  a  "despised  minority" 
within  our  community. 

If  your  plan  is  to  destroy 
the  alumni  support  of  our 
great  university,  I  think  you 
are  off  to  a  good  start,  and 
you  should  consider  an  in- 
depth,  pictorial  article  on 
underage  binge  drinking  on 
campus  for  the  next  issue. 

C.  LeonGibbsB.S.E.E.  '49 
Clemson,  South  Carolina 

Editor's  note:  Duke's  motto  is 
"Eruditio  et  Religio ." 

I  read  with  excitement  the 
article  about  LGBT  life. 
Certainly  the  atmosphere 
at  Duke  has  come  a  long 


way  from  everyone  wearing 
khakis  on  blue  jeans  day,  a 
day  when  people  were  sup- 
posed to  wear  jeans  to  show 
their  support  of  their  gay 
peers.  But  I  do  have  to  re- 
mark on  the  "Gay?  Fine 
by  me"  shirts  that  originat- 
ed at  Duke.  While  the  in- 
tention is  good,  I  question 
the  message. 

Although  I  recognize  the 
message  is  a  show  of  sup- 
port, to  me  those  shirts  are 
just  another  way  of  people 
flaunting  their  heterosexual 
privilege.  Those  shirts 
might  as  well  say,  "As  a  het- 
erosexual, I  have  the  power 
to  grant  you  permission  to 
be  gay."  My  gut  reaction  is, 
"Who  do  you  think  you  are 
that  you  think  you  have  the 
right  to  tell  me  it's  okay  to 
be  who  I  am?"  Can  you 
imagine  if  white  people 
wore  shirts  that  read,  "Black? 
Fine  by  me"? 

I  realize  that  any  show  of 
support  from  our  straight 
allies  should  be  appreciated. 
And  I  recognize  that  wearing 
a  shirt  that  says  "Gay"  in  big 
letters  is  support  in  itself, 
especially  since  I  grew  up 
during  a  time  when  a  shirt 
might  as  well  have  said, 
"Please  beat  me  up"  if  it 
had  the  word  "gay"  on  it.  I 
also  recognize  these  shirts 
are  much  better  than  shirts 
that  might  be  worn  at  other 
universities. 

At  the  University  of 
Virginia,  students  sing,  "We 
come  from  old  Virginia/ 
Where  all  is  bright  and  NOT 
gay."  But  perhaps  there  are 
slogans  that  can  show  sup- 
port of  gay  rights  without 
being  paternalistic,  like  the 


more  recent  "Love=Love" 
slogan.  Or,  perhaps,  gay 
students  should  wear  shirts 
that  say,  "Straight?  Fine 
by  me." 

]anna]ackson  '92 
Melrose,  Massachusetts 


In  a  Literary  State 

Randall  Kenan's  review 
[March-April  2008]  contains 
a  huge  void!  How  can  he 
drop  the  names  of  Wolfe, 
Sandburg,  Price,  and  lesser- 
knowns  without  mentioning 
Charles  Frazier?  Surely 
author  Georgann  Eubanks 
recognized  in  her  book, 
Literary  Trails  of  the  North 
Carolina  Mountains,  this 
writer's  profound  and 
sensitive  insight  into  the 
mountains,  people,  and 
culture  (Cold  Mountain, 
Thirteen  Moons). 

Hike  to  the  top  of  the 
real  "Cold  Mountain" 
(6,030  feet,  Pisgah  National 
Forest,  Haywood  County, 
North  Carolina.)  A  short 
distance  from  the  summit, 
there  is  a  ledge  with  a  con- 
siderable drop,  like  the  one 
where  Inman  stood  when 
the  black  bear  charged. 

Now  there's  a  "Place  in 
Fiction." 

Robert  Ma^o  Failing  M .  D .  '56 
Santa  Barbara,  California 

Speaking  Openly 

For  those  who  question 
why  Karl  Rove  was  invited 
as  a  speaker  [Forum,  May- 
June  2008]— and  who 
think  only  PC  speakers 
should  be  allowed  a  forum 
to  speak  to  the  elite — I 


.JiikcmiiHa:ine.Jnke.( 


would  answer  the  obvious: 
because  of  Rove's  position, 
place  in  history,  and  politi- 
cal accomplishments;  and, 
the  fact  that  over  50  per- 
cent of  the  nation  voted  for 
his  candidate.  Overstated 
political  hyperbole  in 
objecting  to  any  speaker 
only  reveals  a  general  lack 
of  judgment  and  effective- 
ness in  communication. 

Jonathan  C.  Waldron  '66 
Marietta, 


In  Praise  of  Paul 

Thank  you  for  the  excellent 
article  "Speaking  Libertar- 


ian Lingua  Franca"  [May- 
June  2008]  on  Republican 
presidential  candidate  Ron 
Paul.  Congressman  Paul  has 
a  rare  combination  of  hon- 
esty, competence,  and  cour- 
age. During  the  presidential 
debates,  only  Ron  Paul 
dared  to  tell  the  American 
people  the  truth,  that  we 
were  attacked  on  9/1 1 
because  of  our  foreign  poli- 
cy, specifically  our  troops 
being  in  the  Middle  East 
and  our  support  of  Israel's 
occupation  and  oppression 
of  the  Palestinians.  He  also 
recognizes  that  Iran  is  not  a 
direct  threat  to  the  U.S., 
and  we  should  engage  in 


dialogue  and  trade  with 
Iran,  not  threaten  military 
action  against  them. 

Paul  advocates  bringing 
our  troops  home  from  Iraq, 
while  ending  our  dangerous 
alliance  with  Israel.  He 
also  favors  ending  all  U.S. 
foreign  aid,  including  the 
billions  that  we  now  give 
to  Israel  every  year.  As 
president,  Ron  Paul  would 
have  always  put  America's 
interest  and  security  first, 
while  cleaning  up  the 
mess  that  our  country  is 
currently  in. 

Ray  Gordon 
Baltimore,  Maryland 


Correction  The. 

Benazir  Bhutto  was  run- 
ning for  when  she  was 
assassinated  was  misstated 
[Quad  Quotes,  March- 
April  2008].  She  was  a 
candidate  for  prime  min- 
ister of  Pakistan. 

The  woman  standing 
second  from  left  in  the 
photo  that  ran  with 
"Athletes  in  Training — 
As  Future  Doctors" 
[Sports,  May-June  2008] 
is  Kim  lmbesi  '09,  not 
medical  student  Johanna 
Bischof'05. 


ACADEMICS    ATHLETie^QUTREACH 

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1           V<AwB!*'U  f        iP" 

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Supporting  the  Duke  Student- Athlete  Since  1970 

Duke  University  takes  great  pride  in  knowing  that  our  student-athletes  embody  the  true                                   U|  ^ 

spirit  of  what  college  athletics  is  all  about.  Whether  it  is  on  the  field,  in  the  classroom,                                  ^- 

or  in  the  community,  the  men  and  women  who  wear  the  Duke  jersey  are  without  a  doubt             T  RO  N[   T^T  Tl'CT  S 
what  makes  Duke  Athletics  so  special.  For  more  information  on  how  you  can  support                  www    irondukes    net 
Duke's  student-athletes,  please  call  (919)  613-7575  or  log  on  to  IronDukes.net.                                             (919j  513,7575 

DUKE  MAGAZINE    July- August  2008 


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Gazette 

ACROSS  THE  CAMPUS 
Graduation  Day 

On  a  rainy  Sunday  morning  on  which 
umhrellas  were  more  obvious  than 
mortarboards,  writer  Barbara  King- 
solver  urged  Duke  graduates  to  re- 
ject the  current  paradigm  of  success  and  to 
turn  to  a  more  sustainable,  community-ori- 
ented lifestyle. 

"Imagine  it:  We  raised  you  on  a  lie,"  King- 
solver  told  the  graduates.  "Everything  you 
plug  in,  turn  on,  or  drive;  the  out-of-season 
foods  you  eat;  the  music  in  your  ears.  We 
gave  you  this  world  and  promised  you  could 
keep  it  running  on  a  fossil  substance — 
dinosaur  slime — and  it's  running  out." 

Duke  awarded  more  than  4,000  under- 
graduate, graduate,  and  professional  degrees 
during  a  chilly,  drizzly  morning  ceremony  in 
Wallace  Wade  Stadium.  It  was  the  universi- 
ty's 1 56th  commencement. 

Duke  President  Richard  H.  Brodhead  award- 
ed honorary  degrees  to  author  Wendell  Berry, 
who  is  known  for  expressing  his  respect 
the  land,  love  of  community,  and  the  im- 
portance of  human  stewardship  of  creation 
in  his  essays,  poems,  and  novels;  public- 
health  leader  Helene  Gayle,  CEO  and  pres- 
ident of  CARE,  the  first  woman  and  the 
first  person  of  color  to  lead  the  internationa 
poverty-fighting  organization;  broadcast  ex- 
ecutive James  Goodmon,  who,  as  president 


Shelter  from  the  storm:  A  father  hands 
his  graduating  daughter  an  umbrella,  top; 
the  damp  scene  at  Wallace  Wade,  above; 
a  student  uses  his  cell  phone  while  waiting 
to  receive  his  diploma,  left. 


'.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


and  CEO  of  Capitol  Broadcasting  Com- 
pany in  Raleigh,  has  campaigned  nationally 
against  media  consolidation  to  ensure  that 
local  voices  are  heard;  judge  Patricia  Wald, 
who  serves  on  the  hoards  of  directors  of  the 
Open  Society  Justice  Initiative,  the  Amer- 
ican Constitution  Society,  and  the  Council 
of  the  American  Law  Institute  and  was  the 
first  woman  on  the  U.S.  Court  of  Appeals 
for  the  District  of  Columbia,  from  1979 
to  1999;  and  Kingsolver,  whose  most  recent 
book,  written  with  her  daughter,  Camille,  a 


Duke  student,  and  husband,  Steven  L.  Hopp, 
is  Animal,  Vegetable,  Miracle:  A  Year  of  Food 
Life.  It  chronicles  the  family's  commitment 
to  eat  only  food  produced  by  themselves  and 
their  neighbors  in  southwestern  Virginia. 

Before  Kingsolver's  address,  student  speak- 
ers Matt  Zafirovski  '08  and  Kyle  Knight  '08, 
who  have  been  friends  since  they  were 
freshman  roommates,  took  turns  delivering 
a  humorous,  back-and-forth  speech.  They 
joked  about  life  on  campus,  and  Zafirovski 
recalled  the  day  all  freshmen  received  free 
iPods. 

Knight,  who  had  grown  up  in  a  tiny  town 
in  Maine  and  didn't  even  own  a  cell  phone, 
announced  that  he  had  no  idea  how  to  use 

UPDATE 


his  new  device. "I  tried  not  to  laugh  at  the 
time;  I  just  plugged  it  into  his  computer  and 
programmed  iTunes,"  Zafirovski  said.  "I 
wondered  whether  Kyle  was  playing  a  joke 
on  me.  Sometimes  I  still  do." 

Taking  a  more  serious  turn,  the  pair  urged 
their  fellow  graduates  to  seek  more  out  of 
life  than  career  advancement. 

"We  are  an  ambitious  and  driven  group," 
they  said,  "and  we  should  be  proud  of  our 
audacious  goals.  But  our  success  will  also  be 
defined  by  how  well  we  maintain  a  healthy 
perspective  on  our  work,  by  how  well  we 
build  relationships  through  support  and  gen- 
erosity, and  by  how  well  we  remain  present 
and  aware  as  we  grow  and  change." 


"Remembering  the  Vigil,"  Duke  Magazine,  March-April  J 998 


Find  quick  links  and  re 
content  for  Gaze 
www.dukemagazine.duke.edu/resources 


en  years  ago,  on  the  thirtieth 
anniversary  of  Duke's  mo- 
mentous 1968  Silent  Vigil, 
Duke  Magazine  invited  alum- 
ni and  former  administrators  who 
had  played  important  roles  in  the 
event  to  reflect  on  the  impact  it  had 
on  their  lives. 

The  Duke  vigil,  like  concurrent 
protests  (and  riots)  across  the  country, 
was  sparked  by  the  assassination  of 
Martin  Luther  King  Jr.  But  its  subtext, 
as  well  as  its  mission,  was  somewhat 
more  complex.  In  the  months  leading 
up  to  the  vigil,  student  groups  had 
been  organizing  in  support  of  black 
university  employees  who  sought 
higher  pay  and  better  treatment. 
The  students  saw  the  vigil  as  an 
opportunity  to  bring  these  problems 
before  the  Duke  administration  and 
demand  action. 

This  back  story  was  of  interest  to 
students  in  a  course  called  "Historical 
Perspectives  on  Public  Policy."  The 
course,  co-taught  this  past  spring  by 
Robert  Korstad,  associate  professor 
of  public  policy  studies,  and  Rachel 
Seidman,  associate  director  of  Duke's 


DUKE 


Center  for  History,  Public  Policy,  and 
Social  Change,  was  aimed  at  showing 
how  a  thorough  assessment  of  history 
can — or  perhaps  more  accurately, 
should — affect  public  policy  deci- 
sions. It  focused  on  race  relations  and 
policy  in  the  American  South  during 
and  after  slavery,  as  well  as  South 
Africa  during  and  after  apartheid. 
As  part  of  the  syllabus,  students 
spent  two  weeks  reading  about  the 
vigil  at  Duke.  When  the  vigil's  fortieth 
anniversary  arrived,  they  took  a  cue 


from  their  1960s  counterparts, 
organizing  a  two-day  "teach-in" 
to  educate  fellow  students  about 
the  event  and  its  lasting  effects. 
Joined  by  several  alumni  who 
participated  in  the  vigil  as  students, 
they  handed  out  fliers  and  chatted 
with  passersby  on  the  West  Campus 
Plaza  and  the  main  quad.  On  the 
second  day,  they  invited  campus 
social-justice  groups  to  set  up  tables, 
too,  in  order  to  foster  a  discussion 
about  future  progress. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE    July- August  2008 


Gazette 


ACROSS  THE  CAMPUS 


Athletic  Upgrades 

his  spring  the  board  of  trustees  approved 
Duke's  first  Strategic  Plan  for  Athletics,  a 
broad  vision  for  bolstering  the  experience 
and  development  of  the  university's  student- 
athletes  and  enhancing  recreational  opportunities 
for  members  of  the  entire  university  community. 
The  plan,  developed  by  a  committee  of  faculty 
members,  students,  and  administrators,  calls  for 
maintaining  Duke's  academic  standards  while  im- 
proving the  quality  of  athletic  programs  by  upgrad- 
ing facilities  and  expanding  financial  support  for 
athletics,  among  other  measures. 

Over  the  past  ten  years,  Duke  has  won  more 
NCAA  and  ACC  championships  than  in  any  previous 
decade.  During  the  same  period,  the  university  has 
consistently  maintained  high  graduation  rates  and 
academic  honors  among  its  athletes;  it  is  regularly 
among  the  top  NCAA  Division  I  institutions  in  the 
National  Collegiate  Scouting  Association  Power 
Rankings,  which  are  based  on  a  combination  of  aca- 
demic and  athletic  achievement,  and  has  been  the 
top-ranked  Division  I  school  nationally  in  each  of 
the  past  three  ratings. 


Officials  say  the  new  plan  seeks  to  build  on  this  suc- 
cess by  maintaining  Duke's  core  value  of  nurturing 
intercollegiate  athletics  as  an  integral  part  of  the  edu- 
cational process,  while  adapting  to  a  rapidly  evolving 
world  of  college  sports. 

To  meet  rising  costs,  the  plan  calls  for  the  university 
to  double  its  annual  subsidy  to  the  department  to  $15 
million,  a  figure  that  officials  say  would  bring  it  in  line 
with  other  top  private  research  universities  that  com- 
pete in  Bowl  Championship  Series  Division  (commonly 
known  as  BCS)  intercollegiate  athletics,  including 
Boston  College  and  Vanderbilt  and  Wake  Forest  univer- 
sities. This  money  would  supplement  funding  gen- 
erated by  revenue  sports  such  as  men's  basketball. 

The  department  also  plans  to  explore  additional 
donor  opportunities,  including  the  selling  of  naming 
rights  to  campus  facilities,  and  to  increase  the  endow- 
ment for  scholarships.  The  department's  ultimate  goal 
is  to  eliminate  the  annual  university  subsidy  through 
an  athletics  endowment  of  around  $300  million — 
half  coming  from  the  university — that  could  fully 
fund  the  program. 

The  document  calls  on  Duke  to  maintain  the  quality 


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a 

of  its  top-notch  basketball  programs  while  enhanc- 
ing other  revenue  sports,  notably  its  football  pro- 
gram. In  December,  Duke  hired  highly  regarded 
head  coach  David  Cutcliffe,  and  there  are  plans  to 
upgrade  Wallace  Wade  Stadium,  including  improve- 
ments to  the  bathrooms  and  concession  stands. 
Among  other  football-related  needs  identified  by 
the  plan  are  a  field  house  with  an  indoor  football 
practice  facility  that  could  be  shared  with  Olympic 
sports,  club  sports,  and  recreational  athletes  and  a 
new  scoreboard  and  TV  tower  at  the  north  end  of 
the  stadium.  The  plan  suggests  that  such  improve- 
ments will  enhance  the  game  experience  for  fans 
and  increase  recruiting  opportunities. 

Other  targeted  renovations  include  Jack  Coombs 
Field,  home  of  Duke's  baseball  team;  the  Murray 
Building,  used  by  the  lacrosse  and  soccer  programs; 
the  expansion  of  Brodie  Gymnasium  on  East  Campus 
for  recreational  and  varsity  athletics  use;  and  the 
continued  restoration  of  Cameron  Indoor  Stadium. 

The  plan  calls  for  Duke  to  add  scholarships  for 
Olympic  sports  as  its  revenues  increase  and  to 
ensure  that  coaching  salaries  are  competitive  with 
those  at  peer  institutions. 

Recreational  opportunities  for  the  university 
community  also  will  improve  under  the  plan,  which 
calls  for  the  creation  of  two  new  turf  fields  within 
two  years  for  intramural  and  club  sports.  A  recre- 
ation complex  on  the  new  campus  planned  near  the 
existing  Central  Campus  would  be  built  within  five 
years.  Within  the  first  year  of  the  plan,  the  physical- 
education  department  will  establish  a  formal 
Wellness  and  Fitness  Program  for  first-year  students 
on  East  Campus. 

The  timing  of  many  of  the  proposed  improvements 
has  not  yet  been  determined  and  will  depend  on 
the  availability  of  funding  and  resources,  officials  say. 


Sporting  potential:  Women's  soccer 
team,  shown  at  last  fall's  Carolina  Classic 
at  UNC-CH,  will  see  improved  facilities  and 
additional  scholarships. 


'.dukemaga:ine.duke.edu 


Medical-Education  Momentum 

The  Duke  Endowment  has  pledged  $50 
million  to  Duke  Medical  Center  to 
help  construct  a  medical-education 
building  and  to  develop  a  state-of- 
the-art  inpatient  facility  for  pediatric  pa- 
tients. The  gift  is  the  largest  single  gift  the 
medical  center  has  ever  received. 

Plans  call  for  $35  million  to  go  toward 
the  construction  of  a  new  Duke  School  of 
Medicine  Education  Center,  which  will  en- 
hance opportunities  for  medical  students  to 
learn  and  interact  with  one  another,  in- 
structors, and  clinical  and  basic-research 
faculty  members  in  one  location. 

"It  is  becoming  increasingly  important  to 
have  a  facility  that  can  house  initiatives 
such  as  simulation  labs  and  provide  space 
for  the  team-based  learning  programs  that 
are  rapidly  replacing  traditional  lecture- 
based  learning,"  says  Nancy  Andrews,  dean 
of  the  medical  school. 

Officials  say  the  site  for  the  education 
center  has  not  been  finalized,  but  plans  for 
the  building  include  classrooms,  lecture  halls, 
and  gathering  areas  with  moveable  walls  and 
seating  so  groups  of  up  to  500  people  can  be 
accommodated  in  one  place.  Plans  also  in- 
clude office  space  for  admissions  and  educa- 
tional staff,  study  and  lounge  areas,  a  cafe 
and  bookstore,  and  possibly  a  fitness  center. 


The  other  $15  million 
[  be  used  to  create  a  new 
facility  for  the  McGovern- 
Davison  Children's  Health 
Center.  It  will  link  all  inpatient  and  outpa- 
tient services,  consolidating  all  pediatric 
and  adolescent  beds  in  a  family-friendly  en- 
vironment. 

Goldwater  Scholars 

Three  Duke  students  have  been  select- 
ed for  Goldwater  Scholarships  in  sci- 
ence, mathematics,  and  engineering 
for  the  2008-09  academic  year. 

They  were  among  321  sophomores  and 
juniors  chosen  on  the  basis  of  academic 
merit.  The  award  provides  up  to  $7,500  to- 
ward annual  tuition  and  expenses. 

Duke's  scholars  are  Mark  Hallen,  Nich- 
olas Patrick,  and  Daniel  Roberts,  all  rising 
seniors.  Stephen  Devience,  also  a  rising 
senior,  received  an  honorable  mention. 

"Each  of  these  students  is  creating  and 
applying  robust  mathematical  and  compu- 
tational models  to  the  solution  of  problems 
in  their  respective  disciplines,"  says  Mary 
Nijhout,  associate  dean  of  Trinity  College 
of  Arts  and  Sciences. 

Hallen,  from  Cary,  North  Carolina,  is  dou- 
ble-majoring in  chemistry  and  mathemat- 


ics. He  has  co-authored  two  publications 
with  his  mentor,  professor  Sharyn  Endow, 
and  colleagues  in  the  department  of  cell  bi- 
ology. His  current  research  involves  apply- 
ing mathematical  techniques  to  studies  of 
the  structure  of  proteins  in  their  natural 
environments.  He  plans  to  pursue  a  doctor- 
ate in  the  field  of  mathematical  modeling. 

Patrick,  from  Bel  Air,  Maryland,  is  major- 
ing in  computer  science  and  has  an  interest 
in  structural  biology  and  bioinformatics. 
With  mentor  Bruce  Donald,  William  and 
Sue  Gross  Professor  of  computer  science 
and  biochemistry,  Patrick  is  devising  and 
refining  computational  methods  for  nuclear 
magnetic  resonance  analysis  of  protein 
structures.  He  plans  to  pursue  a  doctorate  in 
computational  biology. 

Roberts,  from  Melville,  New  York,  is  a 
physics  and  electrical  and  computer  engi- 
neering double  major.  In  the  laboratory  of 
David  R.  Smith,  Augustine  Scholar  and  as- 
sociate professor  of  electrical  and  computer 
engineering,  Roberts  is  exploring  the  use  of 
practical  innovations  in  transformation  op- 
tics and  concepts  of  metamaterials.  He  plans 
to  pursue  a  doctorate  in  physics. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE    July- August  2008 


Gazette 


ACROSS  THE  CAMPUS    fi 


Fatal  Accident 

In  mid-May,  an  employee  in  the  Fa- 
cilities  Management  Department  (FMD) 
died  in  an  accident  that  occurred  when 
a  steam  line  ruptured  in  the  basement 
of  the  Levine  Science  Research  Center.  Ray- 
ford  Cofer,  sixty-three,  a  master  steamfitter, 
was  working  in  the  basement  when  the  ac- 
cident occurred  in  the  building's  mechani- 
cal room.  There  were  no  other  reports  of  in- 
juries. Several  investigations  are  under  way 
to  determine  the  cause  of  the  incident. 

Cofer,  who  began  working  for  FMD  in 
2001,  was  honored  in  2003  with  a  Meritor- 
ious Service  Award,  one  of  the  top  employ- 
ee honors  at  Duke.  In  April  2006,  his  team 
was  honored  for  maintenance  work  in  the 
Allen  Building.  He  also  was  on  FMD's  Team 
of  the  Quarter  in  October  2004  and  April 
2003  and  was  FMD  Employee  of  the  Quar- 
ter in  January  2004  and  October  2002. 

"Rayford  is  one  of  a  key  handful  of  FMD 
employees  who  keep  this  place  running,"  a 
co-worker  said  of  Cofer  in  2004- 

In  the  wake  of  his  death,  university  flags 
were  lowered  to  half-mast  on  Duke's  East  and 
West  campuses.  A  memorial  service  was  held 
for  Cofer  in  Duke  Chapel.  He  is  survived  by 
his  wife,  Suzanne;  two  sons;  and  a  brother. 

2008  A.D. 

Kevin  White,  director  of  athletics  at 
the  University  of  Notre  Dame  since 
2001,  has  been  named  Duke's  new 
vice  president  and  athletics  director. 
He  succeeds  Joe  Alleva,  who  resigned  in 
April  after  ten  years  in  the  post  and  thirty- 
two  on  Duke's  staff  to  accept  the  top  posi- 
tion in  Louisiana  State  University's  athletics 
department. 

White,  fifty-seven,  has  led  Notre  Dame's 
athletics  program  to  success  both  on  the 
playing  fields  and  in  the  classroom.  During 
his  eight  years  there,  the  Fighting  Irish 
claimed  four  national  championships,  in 
women's  basketball  (2001),  fencing  (2003 
and  2005),  and  women's  soccer  (2004). 

On  the  academic  front,  all  of  Notre  Dame's 
twenty-six  athletic  programs  achieved  at 


White:  from  Fighting  Irish  to  Blue  Devils. 

least  a  3.0  grade-point  average  in  2005-06, 
the  first  time  this  occurred  in  school  history. 
The  university  received  a  2002  USA  Today/ 
NCAA  Academic  Achievement  Award  and 
the  2003  award  for  highest  overall  student- 
athlete  graduation  rate. 

During  his  tenure,  White  added  a  num- 
ber of  varsity  scholarships,  commissioned  a 
master  plan  for  athletics  facilities,  and  ad- 
ministered a  comprehensive  intramural,  club 
sport,  and  campus  recreation  program.  He 
has  held  prominent  leadership  roles  within 
intercollegiate  athletics,  including  presi- 
dent of  the  National  Association  of  Colle- 
giate Directors  of  Athletics  in  2006-07  and 
president  of  the  Division  I-A  Athletic  Di- 
rectors Association  in  2005-06.  In  January 
2004,  The  Sporting  News  listed  him  in  its 
Power  100  as  third  among  five  names  in  the 
"front  office"  category  (and  the  lone  college 
athletics  director  among  the  100). 

Though  Notre  Dame's  football  team 
struggled  to  a  3-9  finish  in  2007,  White's 
resume  also  boasts  several  football  bona  fides. 
In  August  2003,  Sports  Illustrated' s  website 
listed  White  third  in  its  rankings  of  the 
most  powerful  people  in  college  football.  He 
currently  serves  as  a  representative  with  the 
football  Bowl  Championship  Series. 

Before  joining  Notre  Dame  in  2000,  White 
served  as  athletics  director  at  Arizona  State 
University,  Tulane  University,  the  University 
of  Maine,  and  Loras  College  in  Iowa. 

He  previously  coached  track  and  field  at 
Southeast  Missouri  State  and  Central  Mich- 
igan. He  earned  his  Ph.D.  from  Southern 
Illinois  University  in  1983  with  an  empha- 
sis on  higher-education  administration. 

White  and  his  wife,  Jane,  have  five 
children. 


Summer  Reading 

he  Class  of  2012  already  has  its  first 
homework  assignment:  to  read  Dave 
Eggers'  What  is  the  What,  a  novel  about 
a  group  of  Sudanese  refugees  who 
ed  to  survive  during  Sudan's  civil 

Now  in  its  seventh  year,  Duke's  summer 
reading  assignment  for  freshmen  is  designed 
to  orient  students  to  the  life  of  a  college 
community  by  stimulating  debate  and  in- 
trospection, says  Lee  Willard,  associate  dean 
in  the  office  of  undergraduate  education 
and  a  member  of  the  committee  that  con- 
sidered more  than  eighty  nominations. 

Students  will  receive  a  copy  of  the  book 
over  the  summer  and  are  expected  to  finish 
it  before  August  orientation.  At  that  time, 
they  will  participate  in  small  group  discus- 
sions led  by  older  students. 

What  is  the  What  tells  the  story  of  Valen- 
tino Achak  Deng,  one  of  the  Lost  Boys  of 
Sudan,  who  was  separated  from  his  family 
and  ultimately  relocated  as  a  young  adult  to 
the  United  States. 

"The  issues  of  Sudan,  genocide,  identity, 


/.dukemagazine.duke.i'du 


GALLERY 

Selections  from 
the  Nasher 
Museum  of  Art 

Dario  Escobar 
transforms 
everyday  leisure 
objects  such  as 
skateboards,  table-tennis  paddles,  and,  as  seen  here, 
surfboards  into  precious  items  that  would  seem  at 
home  in  a  royal  palace  or  cathedral  from  a  past  era.  He 
does  it  using  a  metal-working  technique  developed  in 
his  native  Guatemala  in  the  1600s,  when  the  country 
was  under  colonial  rule. 

Escobar's  silver-embossed  objects  slip  between 
categories  ofhighartand  kitsch,  mass-produced 
and  handmade.  In  juxtaposing  modern  object  and 
ancient  technique,  the  artist  creates  commentary  on 
the  relationships  among  commercial  goods,  luxury 
or  religious  objects,  and  the  past  and  present. 

More  images  of  Escobar's  Untitled  (surfboard): 
www.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


and  the  plight  of  refugees  are  important  is- 
sues of  our  time,"  Willard  says.  "This  book 
also  builds  upon  Duke's  tradition  of  civic 
engagement,  as  well  as  addresses  the  incred- 
ible student  interest  in  Africa." 

Jin-Soo  Huh,  a  rising  senior  from  Cali- 
fornia and  a  member  of  the  selection  com- 
mittee, says  he  expects  that  students  will 
like  the  book  as  much  as  he  did,  even  though 
the  subject  matter  is  not  light. 

"It's  about  tragedy,  but  it's  also  about  hope 
and  Deng's  amazingly  resilient  spirit,"  Huh 
says.  "I  never  could  imagine  living  through 
it,  but  it  really  humanized  the  issue.  It's  told 
in  such  a  beautiful  way." 

The  selection  committee  narrowed  the 
choices  to  five  finalists,  and  then  used  re- 
sults and  comments  from  an  online  survey 
of  students  and  faculty  and  staff  members  to 
guide  its  final  decision.  The  other  finalists 
were  Extremely  Loud  and  Incredibly  Close  by 
Jonathan  Safran  Foer,  The  Poisonwood  Bible  by 
Barbara  Kingsolver,  A  Thousand  Splendid  Suns 
by  Khaled  Hosseini,  and  Three  Cups  of  Tea  by 
Greg  Mortenson  and  David  Oliver  Relin. 


Gazette 


STATE  OF  THE  ARTS 


Artful  Collaborators 

On  several  occasions  over  the  past 
year,  staff  members  and  students 
from  the  Center  for  Documentary 
Studies  have  joined  with  Durham 
residents  to  decorate  murals  that  will  be  dis- 
played throughout  the  city.  The  murals  de- 
pict past  and  present  "champions"  of  South- 
west Durham,  including  local  civil-rights 
legend  Pauli  Murray. 

The  murals  are  part  of  the  center's  Face 
Up  documentary  arts  project,  which  is  aimed 
not  just  at  creating  art  but  also  at  bringing 
together  the  community.  Artist  Brett  Cook, 
a  visiting  professor  at  CDS  who  leads  the 
project,  has  referred  to  the  murals  as  "the 
debris  of  collaboration." 

A  collection  of  images,  documents,  and 
artifacts  that  have  inspired  and  come  out  of 
the  project  are  on  display  at  the  center's  Kreps 
and  Lyndhurst  galleries  through  October. 
The  exhibition  includes  videos,  a  commu- 
nity quilt,  and  one  of  the  community-creat- 
ed murals. 


Many  hands:  A  black-and-white  drawing  of  the  Virgin  of  Guadalupe  becomes  a  vibrant  mural. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE    July- August  2008         17 


Gazette 


STATE  OF  THE  ARTS 


idney  D.  Gamble  (1890- 
1968)  developed  a  pas- 
sion for  China  during  a  trip 
to  Asia  with  his  parents  in 
1908.  This  early  interest  blossomed 
into  his  life's  work.  Gamble,  the 
grandson  of  Procter  &  Gamble 
co-founder  James  Gamble,  took 
three  subsequent  trips  to  the  coun- 
try between  1917  and  1932  and 
drafted  numerous  publications, 
including  his  monumental  study, 
Peking:  A  Social  Survey,  in  1921. 
A  cache  of  Sidney  Gamble's 
China  photographs,  long  forgotten, 
was  discovered  in  a  closet  by  his 
daughter,  Catherine  Curran,  in 
1987.  In  2006,  Curran  donated  the 
entire  collection  to  the  Archive  of 
Documentary  Arts  in  Duke's  Rare 
Book,  Manuscript,  and  Special 
Collections  Library. 

The  collection  contains  approxi- 
mately 5,000  black-and-white  ni- 
trate negatives  made  in  more  than 
five  provinces,  including  Guang- 
dong in  the  southeast,  Sichuan  in 
the  west,  and  Hebei  in  the  north- 


west. The  images  depict  everyday 
life,  public  ceremonies  and  ritual: 
towns,  villages,  agriculture,  river 
traffic,  monuments,  architecture, 
and  the  landscape  of  early-twei 
eth-century  China. 

While  Gamble's  publications 
are  well  known  among  China 
scholars,  his  stand-alone  photo- 
graphs have  remained  something 
of  a  secret.  To  further  awareness 
of  his  work  and  to  make  the 
images  readily  accessible,  the 
library  digitized  the  photographs 
and  has  recently  made  them 
available  in  the  Duke  Libraries' 
Digital  Collections  portal. 

The  online  launch  of  the  Sidney 
D.  Gamble  Photograph  Collection 
in  April  marked  the  100th  anniver- 
sary of  Gamble's  first  trip  to  China 
and  the  first  time  the  entire  collec 
tion  of  photographs  has 
available  to  the  public, 


ibeen 


Centering  on  Styron 

William  Styron's  notes  and  drafts  of 
an  unfinished  novel,  as  well  as 
letters  sent  to  him  by  Norman 
Mailer,  Willie  Morris,  Paul  The- 
roux,  and  other  writers,  are  among  the  new 
materials  recently  added  to  the  William 
Styron  Papers  in  the  Rare  Book,  Manu- 
script, and  Special  Collections  Library. 

Duke  is  acquiring  the  materials  from 
Styron's  widow,  Rose  Styron,  and  his  pub- 
lisher, Random  House,  which  recently  pub- 
lished a  collection  of  Styron's  personal 
essays  titled  Havanas  in  Camelot. 

The  gift  from  Random  House  includes 
manuscripts  and  typescripts  of  unpublished 


stories  and  essays  by  Styron  '47.  In  these 
drafts,  Styron  revisits  his  experiences  in  the 
Marine  Corps,  recalls  his  relationship  with 
his  mother,  and  discusses  topics  as  diverse  as 
depression  medication  and  amusement  parks. 
Robert  Loomis  '49,  Styron's  longtime  editor 
at  Random  House  and  a  friend  at  Duke, 
presented  the  materials  to  the  library. 

The  library  is  also  in  the  process  of  acquir- 
ing a  significant  number  of  Styron's  books, 
letters,  and  manuscripts  from  the  Styron 
family.  The  books  include  a  copy  of  the 
Bible,  with  Styron's  annotations;  pristine 
bound  galleys  of  Salman  Rushdie's  Satanic 
Verses,  with  the  publisher's  letter  to  Styron; 
and  a  copy  of  his  own  Set  This  House  on  Fire, 
with  an  inscription  to  himself. 


Duke's  collection,  the  largest  of  its  kind, 
includes  drafts  of  all  of  Styron's  novels, 
scrapbooks  kept  by  Styron's  father  docu- 
menting his  son's  professional  life,  and  cor- 
respondence dating  back  to  his  boyhood. 


;.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


Critical  Works 

Duke  Performances  will  present  sever- 
al concerts  this  fall  based  on  the 
themes  of  political  disaffection  and 
the  need  to  speak  up.  Among  the 
scheduled  performers  are  Charlie  Haden's 
Liberation  Music  Orchestra  and  perform- 
ance artist  Laurie  Anderson. 

Anderson,  whose  shows  combine  song, 
spoken  word,  and  sound  effects,  will  perform 
on  September  18,  in  Page  Auditorium,  as 
part  of  her  "Homeland"  tour.  In  her  live  per- 
formances, as  well  as  on  an  accompanying  al- 
bum, she  deals  with  the  kinds  of  cultural  and 
political  themes  that  have  characterized  her 
work  for  more  than  three  decades.  She  muses 
on  topics  such  as  American  politics,  the  Iraq 
war,  and  domestic  spying,  as  well  as  consum- 
erism and  romantic  relationships. 

The  following  week,  on  September  26,  Ha- 
den's orchestra  will  stop  at  Duke  on  its  "Not 
In  Our  Name"  tour.  The  tour  reunites  Haden, 
an  accomplished  musician,  music  educator, 
and  activist,  with  orchestra  co-founder  Carla 
Bley.  Not  In  Our  Name,  the  album,  features 
songs  that  Haden  has  arranged  to  give  voice 
to  the  disaffection  he  says  many  people  in 
America  and  abroad  feel  about  the  state  of 
American  policy,  foreign  and  domestic.  On 
one  track,  elements  of  the  African- Ameri- 
can anthem  "Lift  Every  Voice  and  Sing"  are 
woven  into  "America  the  Beautiful." 


Confronting  Sculpture 

The  Nasher  Museum  of  Art's  pre-Co- 
lumbian collection  includes  more  than 
3,300  sculptures,  many  dating  from  as 
farbackas200B.C.E. 
In  a  large-scale  installation  on  view 
through  January  19,  "Black  Mirror/Espejo 
Negro,"  artist  Pedro  Lasch,  assistant  profes- 
sor of  the  practice  of  visual  arts  at  Duke  and 
a  Mexico  City  native,  brings  his  own  poetic 
and  aesthetic  reflections  to  the  collection. 


Ana  of  Spain — "two  very  young  children 
already  invested  with  the  visual  representa- 
tion of  exclusivity  and  power,"  according  to 
Lasch — in  conversation  with  sculptures  of  a 
jaguar  and  a  serpent,  both  symbols  of  power 
in  pre-Columbian  cultures.  In  another,  two 
red  ceramic  figures,  a  kneeling  man  and  a 
warrior,  peer  into  a  darkened  "caste  paint- 
ing" of  an  Indian  woman  and  a  light- 
skinned  Spanish  man  holding  a  child  of 
mixed  blood,  with  a  brown-skinned  figure 
looking  up  from  below. 


reflections: 
detail  from 
Black  Mirror  #4: 
Hypnotism 
&  Necromancy, 
part  of  the  Lasch 
installation. 


i 


The  exhibition  couples  sculptures  chosen 
from  the  Nasher's  collection  with  reprints  of 
Spanish  paintings  from  the  Colonial  period. 
Each  painting  is  mounted  behind  a  rectan- 
gular sheet  of  black  glass.  The  sculptures, 
mounted  on  pedestals,  are  set  facing  the 
paintings,  rather  than  out  into  the  gallery. 
Viewers  can  see  the  sculptures  only  by  look- 
ing at  their  reflections. 

The  result  is  a  series  of  what  Lasch  terms 
"confrontations,"  between  the  pre-Colum- 
bian cultures  and  their  Spanish  colonizers, 
and — in  part  because  of  the  reflective  na- 
ture of  the  black  glass — between  the  instal- 
lation and  the  viewer. 

One  such  confrontation  places  a  1607 
portrait  of  Prince  Philip  IV  and  Princess 


In  the  installation's  explanatory  placards, 
Lasch  makes  frequent  references  to  the  sig- 
nificance of  the  black  "mirrors."  Some  ref- 
erences are  rather  abstract — for  example, 
the  idea  that  Aztecs  associated  opaque, 
black  obsidian  with  the  god  of  war,  sorcery, 
and  sexual  transgression. 

Others  offer  more  pointed  commentary: 
Lasch  explains  how  European  painters  in 
the  1 700s  often  carried  black  mirrors  with 
them  on  forays  into  the  countryside,  using 
the  melancholy  reflections  they  provided  to 
study  landscapes.  He  compares  this  practice 
to  colonization,  globalization,  and  the 
"treatment  of  particular  peoples  as  part  of 
the  natural  landscape  rather  than  as  part  of 
human  civilization  or  culture." 


DUKE  MAGAZINE    July- August  2008 


Gazette 


RESEARCH  FRONTIERS 


Sibling  Rivalry 

If  you  think  your  parents  let  your  younger 
siblings  get  away  with  everything,  you're 
probably  right.  A  study  from  researchers 
at  Duke,  the  Johns  Hopkins  Univer- 
sity, and  the  University  of  Maryland  con- 
cludes that  parents  punish  older  children 
more  harshly — and  that  they're  wise  to  do  so. 
The  researchers,  who  published  their  find- 
ings in  the  Economics  journal,  began  by  con- 
structing a  model  of  parent-teenager  inter- 
actions using  the  logic  and  mathematical 
tools  of  game  theory.  The  model  assumes 
that  parents  want  their  adolescent  children 
to  avoid  long-term  negative  consequences 
that  can  result  from  risk-taking  behaviors 
such  as  drinking,  drug  use,  sexual  activity, 
and  dropping  out  of  school.  Teenagers,  on 
the  other  hand,  are  assumed  to  value  the 
short-term  thrills  of  risk-taking  behavior 
while  also  wanting  to  avoid  punishment. 

The  authors  posit  in  the  model  that  par- 
ents need  a  reputation  among  their  chil- 


:  Parental  punishment  varies  by  birth  order. 


dren  for  following  through  on  threatened 
punishments.  This  reputation  can  change  if 
parents  do  not  punish  their  children  after 
promising  they  will.  This  reputation  factor 
proved  pivotal,  as  its  predictions  varied  by 
the  birth  order  of  the  children. 


According  to  the  authors'  theory,  parents 
have  an  incentive  to  punish  their  first-born 
child  it  that  child  engages  in  risky  behaviors 
in  order  to  deter  such  behavior  by  younger 
siblings.  First-born  children,  recognizing  that 
their  parents  are  likely  to  be  tougher  on 
their  transgressions,  are  generally  deterred 
from  being  rebellious.  However,  this  deter- 
rence motive  for  parents  is  predicted  to 
wane  as  their  younger  children  reach  ado- 
lescence. 

To  test  their  model,  the  researchers  looked 
for  evidence  of  differential  treatment  of 
adolescent  risk-taking  by  birth  order  in  sur- 
vey data  from  the  National  Longitudinal 
Study  of  Youth  (NLSY),  provided  by  the 
U.S.  Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics.  They  found 
two  measures  of  adolescent  rebellion  and 
two  measures  of  parental  punishment. 
Dropping  out  of  high  school  and  getting 
pregnant  were  interpreted  as  rebellion;  not 
allowing  a  teenager  to  live  in  the  family 
house  and  not  financially  supporting  a  teen- 
ager were  interpreted  as  punishment. 

The  results  of  the  researchers'  analysis  of 
the  NLSY  data  were  consistent  with  their 
model.  The  analysis  showed  that  first-born 
children  who  dropped  out  of  high  school  or 
got  pregnant  were  less  likely  to  be  living  at 
home  or  receiving  financial  support  from 
parents  than  younger  siblings  in  the  same 
situations.  Moreover,  as  predicted,  younger 
siblings  were  more  likely  to  engage  in  these 
behaviors,  especially  dropping  out  of  school, 
than  their  older  siblings. 

Low  Proportion  of  Women 
in  Clinical  Trials 

review  of  three-and-a-half  decades 
of  clinical  cardiology  trials  shows  that 
while  an  increasing  number  of  wom- 
Len  are  being  included  in  clinical  tri- 
als, their  numbers  are  still  so  low  in  some  areas 
of  research  that  it's  questionable  whether 
study  conclusions  can  be  legitimately  ap- 
plied to  women. 

Investigators  from  the  Duke  Clinical  Re- 
search Institute,  led  by  Chiara  Melloni 
M.H.S.  '07,  a  research  associate  and  cardi- 


A 


ologist,  reported  the  finding  at  the  annual 
meeting  of  the  American  College  of  Car- 
diology this  past  spring. 

The  researchers  examined  the  numbers  of 
women  included  in  156  randomized  clinical 
trials  cited  by  the  American  Heart  Associ- 
ation's 2007  guidelines  for  cardiovascular 
disease  prevention  in  women. 

They  found  that,  overall,  women  consti- 
tuted 30.6  percent  of  the  total  number  of 
participants  enrolled,  with  the  percentage 
growing  significantly  over  the  past  thirty- 
six  years.  In  1970,  women  made  up  only  9 
percent  of  those  registered  in  the  preven- 
tion trials.  In  2006,  that  figure  rose  to  42.4 
percent,  although  researchers  say  the  latter 
figure  reflects  a  striking  increase  in  the 
number  of  single-sex  trials  aimed  solely  at 
women. 

The  researchers  found  that  the  location 
of  the  trials  appeared  to  play  a  role  in  partic- 
ipation: More  women  were  enrolled  in  clin- 
ical trials  in  the  U.S.  (45  percent)  compared 
with  those  abroad  (26  percent). 

Clinical  conditions  appeared  to  make  a 
difference,  too,  with  the  highest  number  of 
women  found  in  trials  for  hypertension  (41 
percent),  diabetes  (39  percent),  and  stroke 
(37  percent),  and  the  lowest  for  trials  relat- 
ed to  heart  failure  (29  percent),  coronary 
artery  disease  (24  percent),  and  high  cho- 
lesterol (17  percent). 

The  funding  source  for  the  studies  did  not 
seem  to  have  any  influence  on  the  numbers 
of  women  involved.  Women  made  up  about 
30  percent  of  all  participants  enrolled  in  both 
government  and  privately  funded  trials. 

"It's  heartening  to  note  some  gain  in  the 
numbers  of  women  taking  part  in  cardiovas- 
cular disease  prevention  trials,  but  we  are 
still  seeing  substantial  deficits  in  female 
representation  in  many  areas  of  research," 
says  Kristin  Newby,  an  associate  professor  of 
medicine  and  senior  author  of  the  study. 

"The  results  of  this  study  tell  us  that  ef- 
forts to  change  that  picture  are  not  robust 
enough  to  make  a  difference  and  that  we 
still  have  a  lot  of  work  to  do  to  ensure  that 
we  can  generate  evidence-based,  sex-spec  if-  | 
ic  treatment  recommendations  when  they  =j 
are  appropriate." 


20  uww.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


.,.-.>' 


See  what  life  on  the  ship  was  like: 
www.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


Gazette 


RESEARCH  FRONTIERS 


More  Conservative, 
Less  Wealth 

Conservative  Protestants  tend  to  save 
less  and  accumulate  fewer  assets  than 
other  Americans,  and  their  religious 
beliefs  contribute  to  their  relatively 
lower  wealth,  according  to  a  new  study  by  a 
Duke  sociologist. 

"We  know  that  wealth  ownership  is  ex- 
tremely unequal  in  the  U.S.,  and  large  num- 
bers of  families  have  little  or  no  savings. 
However,  sociologists  and  economists  have 
just  begun  to  explore  why  that  is,"  says  Lisa 
A.  Keister  '90,  professor  of  sociology  and 
author  of  "Conservative  Protestants  and 
Wealth:  How  Religion  Perpetuates  Asset 
Poverty,"  published  in  the  American  journal 
of  Sociology. 

"While  there  is  evidence  that  religion  and 
wealth  are  related,  what  has  been  missing  is 
a  clear  account  of  the  process  by  which  reli- 
gion affects  the  wealth  of  believers." 

Her  study  concludes  that  the  cultural 
understandings  that  accompany  conserva- 
tive Protestant  beliefs  influence  wealth 
ownership  directly  and  indirectly.  The  di- 
rect influence  stems  from  conservative  Prot- 
estants' unique  approach  to  finances — in 
particular  the  belief  that  people  are  man- 
agers of  God's  money  and  excess  accumula- 
tion of  wealth  should  be  avoided. 

In  addition,  conservative  Protestants  have 
tended  to  be  less  well  educated  and  have 
large  families  beginning  at  younger  ages, 
and  fewer  conservative  Protestant  women 
work,  all  of  which  indirectly  contribute  to 
slow  asset  accumulation,  Keister  says. 

"Really  the  question  is,  'How  does  reli- 
gion affect  inequality?'  I'm  identifying  the 
mechanisms  by  which  this  happens  for  one 
group,  but  it  can  help  us  understand  other 
groups  as  well." 

Measuring  Memory  Loss 

than  a  third  of  people  over 
age  seventy  have  some  form  of 
memory  loss,  according  to  a  new 
study  by  a  team  of  researchers  from 
Duke  and  four  other  institutions. 


M 


While  an  estimated  3.4  million  Ameri- 
cans have  dementia,  defined  as  a  loss  of  the 
ability  to  function  independently,  the  re- 
searchers estimate  that  another  5.4  million 
over  age  seventy  have  memory  loss  that  dis- 
rupts their  regular  routine  but  is  not  severe 
enough  to  affect  their  ability  to  complete 
daily  activities. 

"Even  among  the  people  age  seventy-one 
to  seventy-nine,  a  sizable  number  had  cog- 
nitive impairment.  This  is  an  age  at  which 
most  people  expect  to  have  many  produc- 
tive years  ahead,"  says  Brenda  Plassman,  as- 
sociate research  professor  of  psychiatry  at 
Duke  and  the  study's  lead  author. 

The  researchers  found  that  the  frequency 
of  memory  loss  without  dementia  increased 
with  advancing  age  and  with  fewer  years  of 
education — similar  to  the  trends  seen  in 
dementia.  Nearly  a  quarter  of  those  with 
memory  loss  without  dementia  also  had  a 
chronic  medical  condition  such  as  diabetes 
or  heart  disease  that  appeared  to  be  the 
cause  of  the  cognitive  impairment.  The  re- 
searchers speculate  that  this  group  is  under- 
diagnosed because  doctors  are  likely  focus- 
ing on  the  primary  health  issue. 

The  study  was  conducted  by  researchers 
from  Duke  Medical  Center,  the  University 
of  Iowa,  the  University  of  Michigan,  the 
University  of  Southern  California,  and  the 
RAND  Corporation.  Their  data,  published  | 
in  the  Annals  of  Internal  Medicine,  are  from  % 
the  Aging,  Demographics  and  Memory  Study,  J 
which  is  part  of  a  larger  Health  and  Re- 
tirement Study  led  by  the  University  of 
Michigan  Institute  for  Social  Research  and 
paid  for  by  the  National  Institute  on  Aging. 

Extended  Risks 
for  Premature  Birth 

The  health-care  implications  of  being 
born  premature  are  much  broader  and 
reach  further  into  adulthood  than 
previously  thought,  according  to  a 
long-term  study  of  more  than  one  million 
men  and  women  by  researchers  from  Duke 
and  the  University  of  Bergen  in  Norway. 
In  an  article  published  in  the  Journal  of 


the  American  Medical  Association,  the  re- 
searchers say  their  data  show  that  preterm 
birth  contributes  to  several  long-term  health 
and  quality-of-life  issues,  including  lower 
educational  achievement,  lower  rates  of  re- 
production, and  an  increase  in  the  likeli- 
hood that  future  offspring  will  be  born  pre- 
term and  with  complications. 

Preterm  birth,  defined  as  birth  before  thir- 
ty-seven weeks  of  gestation,  is  the  leading 
cause  of  infant  mortality.  Research  has  doc- 
umented the  short-term  complications  as 
well  as  the  long-term  disabilities  survivors 
must  cope  with. 

"When  a  baby  is  born  preterm,  we  tend  to 
focus  on  the  short-term  risk  of  complica- 
tions," says  Geeta  Swamy,  an  assistant  profes- 
sor of  maternal  and  fetal  medicine  at  Duke 
and  lead  author  of  the  study.  "While  it  is 
true  that  the  risk  of  complications  is  highest 
in  the  immediate  time  period  including 
hospitalization  and  the  first  year  of  life,  that 


risk  continues  into  adolescence.  And  the 
earlier  you're  born,  the  higher  the  risk." 

Working  with  colleagues  at  the  Norwe- 
gian Institute  of  Public  Health,  Swamy  and 
fellow  researchers  at  Duke  used  a  national 
population-based  registry  containing  birth 
and  death  data  to  analyze  how  preterm 
birth  affects  long-term  survival,  subsequent 
reproduction,  and  next-generation  preterm 
birth.  The  population  studied  spanned  twen- 
ty years,  from  1967  through  1988.  Births  oc- 
curred between  twenty-two  weeks  and  thir- 
ty-seven weeks  gestation. 

The  study  found,  among  other  things, 
that  boys  born  between  twenty-two  and 
twenty-seven  weeks  had  the  highest  rate  of 


/.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


early  childhood  death;  reproduction  rates 
were  considerably  lower  for  men  and  women 
born  preterm  when  compared  with  those 
born  at  term,  with  rates  increasing  in  direct 
proportion  to  higher  gestational  age;  women 
born  preterm  were  more  likely  to  experience 
recurrent  preterm  birth  and  an  increased  risk 
of  adverse  outcomes  in  their  offspring;  and 
that  the  lower  the  gestational  age,  the 
greater  the  risk  of  having  less  education. 

Swamy  says  that  the  study  indicates  that 
gestational  age  plays  a  very  large  role  in 
overall  health.  She  argues  that  gestational 
age  may  even  be  a  stronger  predictor  of  how 
well  a  baby  will  do  than  low  birth  weight. 

Brand  Awareness 

Whether  you  are  a  Mac  person  or  a 
PC  person,  even  the  briefest  expo- 
sure to  the  Apple  logo  may  make 
you  behave  more  creatively,  ac- 
cording to  recent  research  from  Duke's  Fu- 
qua  School  of  Business  and  the  University 
of  Waterloo  in  Canada. 

In  a  study  published  in  the  Journal  of 
Consumer  Research,  Gavan  Fitzsimons  and 
Tanya  Chartrand,  both  professors  of  mar- 
keting and  psychology  at  Duke,  along  with  a 
colleague  at  Waterloo,  found  that  exposure 
to  well-known  brands  can  cause  people  to 
behave  in  ways  that  mirror  those  brands' 
traits.  "Each  of  us  is  exposed  to  thousands 
of  brand  images  every  day,  most  of  which 
are  not  related  to  paid  advertising,"  says 
Fitzsimons. 

"We  assume  that  incidental  brand  ex- 
posures do  not  affect  us,  but  our  work  dem- 
onstrates that  even  fleeting  glimpses  of  logos 
can  affect  us  quite  dramatically." 

To  assess  the  effects  of  brands  on  behav- 
ior, the  researchers  selected  two  competing 
brands,  both  well  respected  by  consumers, 
with  well-defined  brand  personalities.  "Apple 
has  worked  for  many  years  to  develop  a  brand 
character  associated  with  nonconformity, 
innovation,  and  creativity,"  says  Chartrand, 
"and  IBM  is  viewed  by  consumers  as  tradi- 
tional, smart,  and  responsible." 

The  team  conducted  an  experiment  in 
which  341  university  students  completed 


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Baseball  in  the  Global 

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merica's  favorite  pastime  is 

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no  longer  relegated  to 

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steamy  July  evenings  spent 

f  suyf  Mi 

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lounging  in  front  of  the  tel- 

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evision  or  cheering  in  the  grandstand 

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section  of  Fenway  or  Camden  Yards  or 

Busch  Stadium.  John  H.  Thompson, 
professor  and  director  of  graduate 

^Xmm 

studies  in  the  history  department 

the  tradition  of  the  presidential  first 

behavior  don't  all  have  to  be  politi- 

(and longtime  fan  of  the  St.  Louis  Car- 

pitch, which  was  introduced  in  the 

cal,  economic,  or  military." 

dinals),  trades  bats  for  books  in  his 

late  twentieth  century,  but  is  now 

latest  endeavor,  a  course  that  focuses 

take  for  granted.  Similarly  in  Japan, 

on  the  cultural  impact  of  baseball. 

baseball  became  not  only  a  national 

John  H.Thompson  majored  in  history 

Supported  by  a  grant  from  Duke's 

passion  but  a  way  to  demonstrate 

at  the  University  of  Winnipeg,  earning 

Institute  for  Critical  U.S.  Studies,  the 

Japanese  equality  with  Americans. 

a  B.A.  in  1968.  He  received  his  Ph.D. 

course  uses  the  sport  of  baseball  as  a 

All  national  identities,  he  explains, 

from  Queen's  University  in  1975.  His 

means  of  exploring  social,  political, 

are  "put  together  from  a  constella- 

primary research  interest  is  nine- 

and economic  history,  including 

tion  of  beliefs,  proclaiming  the 

teenth-  and  twentieth-century  North 

business  development,  legal  history, 

uniqueness  about  a  country,  and 

American  history.  He  is  currently 

class  conflict,  racial  tensions,  and 

what  they  can  do  well." 

working  on  two  books:  one  about  a 

gender  relations;  it  also  takes  on 

Students  meet  three  times  a 

Baseball  Hall  of  Fame  player  from 

larger  themes  of  national  identity. 

week.  Wednesdays  and  Fridays  are 

North  Carolina  and  another  titled 

Having  taught  North  American 

devoted  to  lectures,  but  Mondays  are 

Family,  Farm  and  Community:  The 

history  since  1971,  Thompson  says 

reserved  for  class  discussions  and 

Rural  Northern  Plains,  1860-1970.  He 

he  was  "looking  for  a  hook  that 

"learning  activities" ranging  from 

also  teaches  courses  on  the  North 

would  work  as  a  way  to  connect 

debates  in  which  students  assume 

American  West  and  the  relationships 

America  to  the  rest  of  the  globe." 

the  roles  of  historical  baseball  man- 

among Canada,  Mexico,  and  the  U.S. 

Though  Americans  tend  to  view  the 

agers — to  more  fully  understand 

sport  as  uniquely  theirs,  Thompson 

what  each  side  is  arguing — to 

None 

notes  that  several  countries,  includ- 

screenings of  films  like  Eight  Men  Out 

ing  Cuba,  the  Dominican  Republic, 

and  Mr.  Baseball.  Thompson  assigns 

and  Japan,  have  also  embraced 
baseball  as  part  of  their  national 
identity.  Even  so,  the  same  game 

research  papers  on  topics  that 

include  contemporary  American 
resistance  to  the  internationalization 

Approximately  100  pages  of  reading 
weekly  from  books,  articles,  and  pri- 
mary sources 

has  different  meaning  in  each 

of  major  leagues,  the  decline  of 

nation,  sometimes  even  taking  the 

baseball  in  inner-city  America,  and 

form  of  resistance  to  the  U.S. 

the  study  of  a  local  industrial  team  in 

Weekly  "learning  activities" 

In  his  lectures,  Thompson  tries  to 

a  North  Carolina  mill  town. 

convey  to  students  an  understanding 

Thompson  acknowledges  that  this 

Four  short  papers  on  assigned  ques- 

of how  national  identities  can  be 

kind  of  interdisciplinary  approach  to 

tions  shaped  around  primary  sources 

"constructed"  and  national  traditions 

history  would  not  have  been  possible 

One  three-hour,  online  final  com- 

"invented." He  cites,  for  example,  the 

when  he  started  his  career.  However, 

posed  of  essay  questions 

association  of  baseball  with  patriot- 

he says,  there  is  now  a  "greater 

ism  and  "Americanism  "evident  in 

awareness  that  windows  onto  our 

— Sarah  Takvorian 

DUKE  MAGAZINE    July- August  2008 


Gazette 


RESEARCH  FRONTIERS 


STUDENT  SNAPSHOT 


Jamie  Bell,  encouraging  healthy  habits 


Come  fall,  some  local  stu- 
dents may  learn  that 
sometimes  you  win  by 
losing — losing  bad  habits, 
that  is.  Jamie  Bell,  a  Durham  native 
and  rising  senior,  spent  the  better 
part  of  her  free  time  in  the  past 
academic  year  developing  an  obesi- 
ty-prevention education  program 
for  local  children  that  she  hopes  to 
implement  soon. 

The  plan  will  teach  students  at 
Durham  Performance  Learning 
Center,  an  alternative  high  school, 
about  nutrition,  hydration,  interpret- 
ing food  labels,  and  building  exercise 
into  daily  routines. 

Weekly  education  sessions  taught 
by  Bell  and  students  chosen  as  peer 
educators,  as  well  as  opportunities  to 
measure  body  fat  percentages  and 
obtain  nutritional  analyses,  will  help 
students  incorporate  healthy  lifestyle 
choices  into  their  lives. 


"The  project  focuses  on  teaching 
students  easy  ways  to  understand 
and  maintain  their  personal  health," 
Bell  says.  She  adds  that  she  hopes  to 
motivate  students  by  having  them 
take  major  roles  in  designing  the  cur- 
riculum. 

For  her  work  on  this  and  other 
projects.  Bell,  a  biomedical  engineer- 
ing major  with  an  eye  on  medical 
school,  was  awarded  the  2007-08 
Lars  Lyon  Service  Award  by  Duke's 
Community  Service  Center.  The 
award  recognizes  a  student  who 
exhibits  a  strong  commitment  to 
community-service  work. 

Bell's  interest  in  public  health 
started  in  high  school  when  she 
competed  as  a  Young  Epidemiology 
Scholar.  One  of  fifty  finalists  nation- 
wide, she  was  invited  to  present  her 
project,  "Freshman  Nutrition  and 
Exercise  Study,"  to  public-health 
luminaries  in  Washington.  She 


placed  third  in  the  competition  and 
brought  home  a  $20,000  scholarship. 

In  the  spring  of  her  freshman 
year,  Bell  began  work  with  the  Duke 
Community  Health  Learning 
Together  Program.  It's  been  a  good 
fit  both  for  student  and  program. 
Bell  has  conducted  surveys  and  col- 
lected and  analyzed  data,  and  she 
has  led  health-education  sessions 
and  spearheaded  a  health  fair  at 
local  elementary  schools. 

Some  of  Bell's  most  valuable  proj- 
ects have  targeted  childhood  obesity. 
In  addition  to  developing  the  pro- 
posed program  at  the  Durham 
Performance  Learning  Center,  Bell 
was  a  member  of  the  care  manage- 
ment team  at  the  Duke  Outpatient 
Clinic  Weight  Loss  Program  and  cre- 
ated nutrition  and  exercise  brochures 
for  the  Duke  Health  Clinic  at 
Southern  High  School  in  Durham. 

She  says  the  variety  of  projects 


exposed  her  to  people  who  had  not 
had  the  same  opportunities  she 
had.  "You  have  to  understand 
about  so  many  other  cultures  to  be 
a  good  doctor." 

Bell  has  made  her  mark  as  well 
through  two  years  of  undergraduate 
research  at  the  Pratt  School  of 
Engineering.  She's  recently  received 
a  Pratt  Research  Fellowship  for  a 
project  studying  the  electrophysio- 
logic mechanisms  that  underlie 
cardiac  arrhythmias,  work  that  she's 
doing  in  collaboration  with  Pratt  bio- 
medical engineering  professor  and 
pediatric  cardiologist  Salim  Idriss 
B.S.E.  '88,  Ph.D.  '95,  M.D.  '96. 

In  addition,  Bell  has  made  presen- 
tations at  professional  conferences 
and,  as  part  of  a  research  team,  has 
had  her  work  published  in  profes- 
sional journals.  She  has  participated 
in  summer  programs  at  the  National 
Institute  of  Environmental  Health 
Sciences  and  the  Duke 
Comprehensive  Cancer  Center. 

Bell  says  the  Lars  Lyon  Award  is 
particularly  meaningful  for  her  be- 
cause it  may  encourage  other  stu- 
dents to  seek  out  volunteer  work 
they  have  a  passion  for,  rather 
than  something  that  will  boost 
their  credentials. 

"If  you  care  about  the  topic,  what 
you  are  doing  and  share  it  with  oth- 
ers, that  will  mean  a  whole  lot  more 
than  just  doing  some  random  service 
work  for  your  resume.  I  was  lucky  to 
find  something  I  really  enjoy  doing." 

— Nancy  Oates 


=  Oates  is  a  freelance  writer 
s  based  in  Chapel  Hill. 


/.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


(Mm 
what  they  believed  was  a  vis- 
■  ual-acuity  task,  during  which 
f  either  the  Apple  or  IBM  logo 
was  flashed  so  quickly  that  they 
were  unaware  they  had  been  ex- 
posed to  the  brand  logo.  The  par- 
ticipants then  completed  a  task  designed  to 
evaluate  how  creative  they  were,  listing  all 
of  the  uses  for  a  brick  that  they  could  imag- 
ine beyond  building  a  wall. 

People  who  were  exposed  to  the  Apple 
logo  generated  significantly  more  unusual 
uses  for  the  brick  compared  with  those  who 
were  primed  with  the  IBM  logo,  the  re- 
searchers say.  In  addition,  the  unusual  uses 
the  Apple-primed  participants  generated  were 
rated  as  more  creative  by  independent  judges. 
The  researchers  note  practical  implica- 
tions of  their  work  for  both  consumers  and 
marketers.  "Instead  of  spending  the  majori- 
ty of  their  money  on  traditional  print  and 
television  advertising,"  Fitzsimons  says,  "com- 
panies with  established  brand  associations 
such  as  Apple  may  want  to  give  serious  con- 
sideration to  shifting  more  marketing  re- 
sources to  product  placement  opportunities 
and  other  forms  of  outreach  that  emphasize 
brief  brand  exposures." 

In  Brief 

^  Johnny  Dawkins  '86,  associate  head 
coach  of  the  men's  basketball  team,  has  been 
named  head  men's  basketball  coach  at  Stan- 
ford University.  A  star  player  during  his  un- 
dergraduate years  at  Duke,  he  has  served  on 
Duke's  coaching  staff  for  eleven  years,  the 
last  nine  as  second-in-command.  Assistant 
coaches  Chris  Collins  '96  and  Steve  Wojcie- 
chowski  '98  have  been  promoted  to  associ- 
ate head  coaching  positions.  Nate  James  '01 
has  been  named  assistant  coach. 

%  Bruce  Lawrence,  Nancy  and  Jeffrey  Mar- 
cus Humanities  Professor  of  religion  and 
director  of  the  Duke  Islamic  Center,  has 


been  named  one  of  twenty  new  Carnegie 
Scholars.  The  award  comes  with  a  two-year, 
$100,000  fellowship.  Lawrence  plans  to 
spend  the  fellowship  studying  how  religious 
minorities  are  treated  in  Egypt,  Ethiopia, 
Indonesia,  and  the  Philippines. 

*  Brian  Mann,  assistant  professor  of  me- 
chanical engineering  and  material  science, 
has  been  named  a  Young  Investigator  by  the 
Office  of  Naval  Research  for  his  proposal  to 
develop  energy  generators  that  can  power 
ocean  sensor  networks  and  detect  subma- 
rines or  other  vessels.  The  Young  Investiga- 
tor Program  awards  grants  of  up  to  $  100,000 
a  year  for  three  years. 

%  Jeff  Scruggs,  assistant  professor  of  civil 
and  environmental  engineering,  has  received 
a  five-year,  $400,000  National  Science  Foun- 
dation Early  CAREER  Award.  The  award 
recognizes  and  supports  the  early  career  de- 
velopment activities  of  teacher-scholars 
likely  to  become  academic  leaders.  Scruggs' 
research  involves  finding  ways  to  harvest 
energy  from  such  nontraditional  sources  as 
ocean  waves,  earthquakes,  and  vibrations 
caused  by  heavy  traffic  on  bridges. 

V  James  W.  Vaupel,  research  professor 
at  the  Terry  Sanford  Institute  of  Public 
Policy  and  director  of  the  Max  Planck  In- 
stitute for  Demographic  Research  in  Ro- 
stock, Germany,  and  Huntington  F.  Willard, 
Nanaline  H.  Duke  Professor  of  genome  sci- 
ences and  founding  director  of  the  Duke 
Institute  for  Genome  Sciences  &.  Policy,  have 
been  elected  to  the  American  Academy  of 
Arts  &  Sciences. 

^  The  board  of  trustees  has  approved 
a  $20  million  renovation  to  the  1929 
steam  plant  located  on  Campus  Drive, 
near  East  Campus.  The  renovated  plant  will 
give  the  university  and  medical  center  more 
steam-producing  capacity  and,  by  burning 
natural  gas,  provide  a  cleaner  alternative  to 
coal.  The  6,600-square-foot  plant  has  been 
unused  since  1978. 

^  Duke  will  name  a  new  endowment  for 
the  Duke-Durham  Neighborhood  Partner- 
ship Fund  in  honor  of  John  E  Burness,  who 


retired  as  senior  vice  president  for  public 
affairs  and  government  relations  in  June 
after  seventeen  years  at  Duke.  A  science  lab 
at  Durham's  E.K.  Powe  Elementary  School, 
built  with  the  partnership's  assistance,  will 
also  be  named  after  Burness. 

*  The  Pediatric  Brain  Tumor  Foundation 
(PBTF)  is  giving  a  $6  million  grant  to  its 
eponymous  research  institute  at  Duke.  Re- 
searchers at  the  PBTF  Institute  will  use  the 
funds  to  continue  their  study  of  pediatric 
brain  tumors,  the  leading  cause  of  cancer 
deaths  in  children  and  adolescents. 

*  The  Pratt  School  of  Engineering  has 
received  a  gift  of  $5  million  from  an  anony- 
mous donor  to  establish  a  new  undergradu- 
ate curriculum  that  will  encourage  students 
to  think  critically  about  problems  that  lack 
obvious  solutions.  The  gift  will  be  used  to 
support  new  faculty  members  engaged  in 
innovative  work  with  Duke  undergraduates 
and  to  help  endow  a  position  for  a  professor 
of  the  practice  to  focus  on  teaching  and 
developing  courses. 

^  Several  schools  and  departments  have 
been  renamed.  The  Nicholas  School  of  the 
Environment  and  Earth  Sciences  is  now  the 
Nicholas  School  of  the  Environment.  The 
department  of  biological  anthropology  and 
anatomy  is  now  the  department  of  evolu- 
tionary anthropology;  and  the  department 
of  Asian  and  African  languages  and  litera- 
ture is  now  the  department  of  Asian  and 
Middle  Eastern  studies. 

\t  Undergraduate  admissions  received 
20,337  applications  this  year,  the  highest 
number  in  Duke's  history.  It  extended  offers 
of  admission  to  3,814  students,  for  an  ac- 
ceptance rate  of  18.8  percent,  a  record  low. 
Administrators  plan  to  enroll  some  1,657 
first-year  students  this  fall. 

V  Duke  University  Health  System  has 
donated  medical  supplies — including  anes- 
thesia machines,  patient  monitors,  exam 
tables,  and  thousands  of  gowns,  latex 
gloves,  and  face  masks — to  Chinese  hospi- 
tals for  use  in  efforts  to  treat  victims  of  the 
May  12  earthquake  in  Sichuan  Province. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE    July- August  2008         25 


Q&A 


Bulls,  Bears,  and  Bear  Stearns 

This  past  spring,  with  securities  firm  Bear  Stearns 
floundering,  the  federal  government  orchestrated 
a  deal  to  allow  investment  bank  JPMorgan  Chase  to 
buy  the  company  out,  thereby  staving  off  a 
larger  crash  in  the  financial  markets.  At  least  part 
of  Bear  Stearns'  trouble  stemmed  from  the  down- 
turn in  the  housing  market.  As  home  prices 
dropped,  homeowners  who'd  taken  on  debt  to 
purchase  their  homes  lost  equity  and  began  to 
default  on  their  loans,  leaving  firms  that  had 
invested  heavily  in  mortgage-based  securities 
with  little  recourse. 

Before  joining  the  Duke  faculty,  Steven 
Schwarcz,  Stanley  A.  Star  Professor  of  law  and 
business,  spent  more  than  twenty  years  working 
as  a  lawyer  in  New  York  City,  where  he  represented 
some  of  the  world's  leading  banks  and  financial 
institutions  and  helped  to  pioneer  the  field  of 
asset  securitization. 

In  a  lecture  you  gave  this  past  spring,  you  drew  a 
comparison  between  the  subprime  mortgage  crisis 
and  the  Great  Depression. 

There  is  a  superficial  analogy  there,  cer- 
tainly. During  the  Great  Depression  people 
were  taking  out  loans  and  investing  the 
money  in  stocks.  Everyone  assumed  the 
stock  market  would  continue  to  go  up.  At 
the  beginning  of  the  Depression,  the  prices 
of  the  stock  didn't  go  down  that  much, 
frankly.  But  people  panicked  because  they 
were  leveraged  up.  They  had  all  this  stock, 
and  it  was  all  paid  for  on  borrowed  money. 
And  now  the  stock  was  worth  less  than  the 
amount  they  borrowed  to  pay  for  it.  So  they 
defaulted  on  the  loans. 

That's  just  like  with  homes.  In  the  [mod- 
ern] housing  market,  many  people  look  at 
homes  like  investments.  Home  prices  went 
down,  not  that  dramatically,  but  the  key 
point  is  that  the  prices  of  homes  went 
down  below  the  amount  people  actually 
owe  to  pay  for  the  purchase. 


So  they  couldn't  make  the  mortgage  payments? 

In  some  cases,  people  probably  couldn't 
pay  their  mortgage  loans.  I  suspect  that  in 
many  cases  people  saw  that  they  had  lost 
equity  in  their  homes  and  just  said,  "I'm 
not  going  to  pay  for  this.  I'll  just  default  on 
the  loan,  let  them  try  to  come  after  me." 

What  was  it  that  happened  that  made  the  prices  go 
down  that  first  little  bit?  Was  that  a  natural  shift? 

There  are  different  views  of  that.  One  view 
of  that  is  that  there  was  a  housing  bubble. 
Market  prices  tend  to  go  in  bubbles.  The 
dot-com  thing  was  a  bubble.  There  are  clas- 
sic bubbles.  For  example,  the  seventeenth- 
century  tulip  craze  in  Holland,  where  the 
prices  of  tulip  bulbs  went  just  ballistic.  Bub- 
bles are  not  necessarily  irrational.  They're 
almost  like  just  an  incident  of  market  be- 
havior. But  the  bubble  bursting  is  one  thing 
that  happened. 

Part  of  the  problem  could  also  be  that 
the  Federal  Reserve  made  housing  money 
so  cheap,  mortgage  money  so  cheap,  that 
housing  costs  were  artificially  inflated.  You 
had  so  many  people  borrowing  money  and 
buying  that  demand  for  a  house  sort  of 
exceeded  the  supply.  When  the  rate  started 
to  increase,  then  the  amount  of  money  re- 
duced, and  you  didn't  have  as  many  buyers 
— they  couldn't  afford  it — and  so  the  de- 
mand went  down  and  the  prices  of  homes 
went  down.  And  that  in  turn  started  trig- 
gering the  defaults. 

You  mentioned  the  Federal  Reserve  "making" 
housing  money  cheap.  Where  was  the  money 
coming  from? 

One  of  the  main  sources  for  liquidity  in  the 
mortgage  market  is  securitization.  Essen- 
tially you  have  a  bank,  a  mortgage  broker, 
or  some  institution  that  makes  mortgage 
loans.  Now  consider  that  you  are  a  finan- 
cial institution,  and  you  have  a  certain 
amount  of  money  that  you  have  access  to, 
let's  say  a  million  dollars  to  make  mortgage 
loans.  Once  you've  lent  the  money,  you 
have  no  money  you  have  access  to.  But  if 
the  loans  you've  made  can  now  be  sold  off 


in  a  way  that  enables  you  to  get  a  million 
dollars  back,  you  can  now  make  a  million 
dollars  more  in  loans.  So  you  sell  them  to 
investors  as  mortgage-backed  securities. 

One  of  the  theories  about  why  everything 
crashed  is  that  when  you  have  securitization, 
then  the  person  originating  the  loan — and 
then  selling  it  off — will  not  take  the  steps 
to  make  sure  that  the  loan  standards  are 
really  high  quality.  It's  called  moral  hazard 
in  economics.  Before  this  happened,  the 
markets  were  beginning  to  adjust  so  that 
there  was  responsibility  that  was  beginning 
to  be  imposed  on  the  mortgage  brokers. 

In  what  ways? 

Where  there's  a  default  of  the  mortgagor 
within  three  months,  then  the  mortgage 
will  be  put  back  to  the  broker,  for  example. 
The  problem  was  that  some  of  these  mort- 
gage brokers  were  fly-by-night  outfits.  But 
the  real  failure,  I  think,  was  of  the  investors, 
the  ultimate  buyers  of  the  mortgage-backed 
securities,  to  monitor  the  system  properly. 

Why  didn't  they  see  this  coming? 

Well,  there  are  two  groups.  There  are  the 
rating  agencies,  which  are  coming  in  for  a 
lot  of  abuse.  And  there  are  the  investors. 
One  reason  I  think  investors  blew  it  is  be- 
cause things  are  so  damn  complex.  I  have 
an  article  I'm  working  on  called  "Complex- 
ity as  a  Catalyst  of  Market  Failure." 

A  prospectus  can  run  hundreds  of  pages, 
just  on  one  investment.  If  you're  an  analyst 
at  a  company,  and  your  job  is  to  invest  in 
big  portfolios  of  asset-backed  securities, 
are  you  going  to  read  300  to  400  pages  of 
complex  data  and  try  to  understand  it,  or 
are  you  going  to  see  it's  rated  AAA  by 
Standard  and  Poor's  and  Moody's  and  go 
ahead  and  invest  in  it/  There's  a  sort  of 
herd  behavior.  Everyone  else  is  doing  it. 
This  is  why  people  invested  in  Enron.  A  lot 
of  people  knew  Enron  was  a  bit  of  a  house 
of  cards,  but  everyone  was  investing  in  it, 
and  if  you  didn't  invest  in  it,  the  question 
was,  why?  And  if  you  did,  and  it  failed,  then 
everyone  is  equally  responsible.  There's  a 
sense  of  complacency. 


www.dukemasazine.duke.edu 


One  of  your  research  interests  is  the  idea  of  systemic 
failure.  Can  you  describe  what  that  is? 

I  define  it  to  mean  that  you  have  some  sort 
of  shock  to  the  financial  system,  be  it  a  fail- 
ure of  a  major  bank  or  hedge  fund  or  major 
market,  that  then  triggers  a  ripple  effect  or 
a  domino  effect  where  a  big  segment  of  the 
market  will  collapse. 

Have  we  seen  that  domino  effect  in  the  recent  case 
of  Bear  Stearns? 

We  are  seeing  it  now.  The  major  systemic 
effect  is  the  drying  up  of  the  credit  markets. 
People  can't  get  credit  very  easily.  There  is 
an  effect  on  the  so-called  "real  economy," 
which  means  how  you  and  I  live. 

Of  course  the  government  did  arrange  for  JPMorgan 
to  buy  out  Bear  Stearns. 

It  wasn't  that  people  were  interested  in  sav- 
ing Bear  Stearns,  per  se.  It's  that  Bear 


Stearns  had  all  of  these  contracts  with  hun- 
dreds of  other  major  institutions.  So  if  you 
had  Bear  Stearns  default  on  these,  then  the 
other  institutions  would  not  be  able  to  get 
paid,  and  they  would  default.  That's  what 
happened  in  the  Great  Depression  with 
banks.  Banks  were  not  getting  paid,  so  they 
could  not  pay  the  investors  in  banks — the 
depositors — and  depositors  then  started 
freaking  out  and  running  on  the  banks.  It's 
a  very  finely  intertwined  system. 

Are  there  things  the  government  should  do  to  avoid 
a  systemic  collapse? 

I  think  that  the  government  should  at 
least  consider  setting  up  a  mechanism  so 
that  when  you  have  the  beginnings  of  a 
market  failure,  it  could  come  in  and  at 
least  consider  whether  it  will  provide  some 
sort  of  liquidity.  Especially  if  it's  truly  an 
irrational  market  failure,  like  a  collapse 
like  we  have  now,  where  the  mortgage- 
backed  securities  have  dropped  far  below 


their  actual  value  and  people  are  scared  to 
invest  in  the  markets. 

The  government  could  overcome  moral 
hazard  by  following  a  policy  of  constructive 
ambiguity — exercising  the  right,  but  not 
the  obligation,  to  purchase  securities.  To 
further  mitigate  moral  hazard  and  to  avoid 
shifting  the  costs  to  taxpayers,  it  should 
purchase  securities  only  at  a  deep  enough 
discount  to  ensure  ultimate  repayment  of 
its  investments,  ideally  at  a  profit,  while 
stabilizing  market  prices  below  the  levels 
paid  by  speculating  investors. 

Why  is  it  that  the  market  doesn't  correct  itself  when 
the  price  gets  too  low? 

Part  of  the  answer  is  that  same  herd  behav- 
ior, where  individuals  do  not  want  to  jeop- 
ardize their  reputations  and  jobs  by  causing 
their  firms  to  invest  at  a  time  when  other 
investors  have  abandoned  the  market.  In 
this  case,  an  investor  of  last  resort  could  act 
to  correct  the  market  failure. 
| 

I  At  the  point  that  Bear  Stearns  looked  like  it  was 
1=1  going  to  fail,  was  there  another  option  besides 
helping  another  company  buy  it  out? 

That's  more  of  a  macroeconomic  issue.  I 
suspect  that  there  was,  but  the  issue  was 
one  of  timing.  I  think  Bear  Stearns  said, 
we're  going  to  file  bankruptcy  tomorrow, 
and  so  the  government  really,  for  better  or 
for  worse,  decided  to  find  a  buyer  for  it.  The 
unfortunate  part  is  that  they  created  a  lot  of 
moral  hazard  by  guaranteeing  JPMorgan  as 
buyer.  You're  telling  institutions  that  the 
government's  not  going  to  let  them  fail, 
which  encourages  them  to  act  recklessly. 
You're  also  shifting  taxpayer  money  to 
JPMorgan,  which  is  making  a  huge  profit, 
and  for  whom  there  is  really  no  downside 
because  of  the  government  indemnity.  It 
would  have  been  good  if  there  actually  had 
been  people  out  there  who  would  have  pur- 
chased Bear  Stearns  at  a  market  price. 
Given  sufficient  time  and  information,  that 
maybe  could  have  happened. 

— Jacob  Dagger 


DUKE  MAGAZINE    July- August  2008 


Campus  Observer 


Making  a  Splash 

A  little  hoy  clad  in  Finding  Nemo  swim 
trunks  scampers  across  the  deck  of 
the  pool  on  the  lower  level  of  the 
Wilson  Recreation  Center,  older  sis- 
ter in  tow,  and  joins  a  cluster  of  children 
that  has  gathered  at  one  end  of  the  cavern- 
ous aquatic  pavilion. 

They're  late.  The  group  has  already  be- 
gun a  series  of  stretches,  and  the  two  take 
up  spots  on  the  edge  of  the  group  and  join 
in.  They  do  five  right-arm  circles.  Forward, 
and  backward.  Then  five  on  the  left.  They 
pull  their  right  arms  across  their  chests, 
then  their  left  arms. 

Interspersed  among  the  children  are  a 
handful  of  Duke  students.  At  the  head  of 
the  group,  Amy  Brown  '09  calls  out  each 
new  stretch.  She  shows  the  children  how  to 
do  a  "chicken  wing,"  raising  her  right  elbow 
up  above  her  head  and  dropping  her  hand 
down  between  her  shoulder  blades,  then 
moving  her  elbow  in  a  circle.  Then  she  dem- 
onstrates a  "butterfly." 

"Put  your  feet  together,"  she  says,  sitting 
down.  "Then  put  your  elbows  on  your  knees 
and  push  down  really  gently."  The  children 
follow  her  lead. 

After  a  bit  more  stretching,  and  some  small 
talk,  they  move  toward  the  pool.  It's  time  to 
swim. 

Swimming  with  the  Blue  Devils,  a  monthly 
series  of  free,  student-run  swim  clinics  for 
local  children  that  runs  throughout  the 
school  year,  was  first  developed  by  Lauren 
Gonzalez  '09,  a  South  Florida  native  and  a 
member  of  Duke's  varsity  diving  team. 

"Growing  up,  the  pool  was  really  a  big  part 
of  my  life,"  she  says.  From  the  time  she  was 
a  small  child,  Gonzalez  took  regular  swim 
lessons  and  swam  recreationally.  In  eighth 
grade,  she  began  diving  competitively.  By 
her  junior  year  of  high  school,  she  was  not 
only  competing,  but  also  certified  to  teach 
junior  swim  lessons. 

That  year,  while  conducting  research  for 
a  project  in  a  social-justice  course,  she  came 
across  a  Centers  for  Disease  Control  and  Pre- 
vention study  on  accidental  drowning.  The 
study,  conducted  by  a  team  of  researchers 


from  the  CDC's  National  Center  for  Injury 
Prevention  and  Control,  indicated  that  be- 
tween 2000  and  2004,  black  children  ages 
five  through  fourteen  died  in  drowning  ac- 
cidents at  3.2  times  the  rate  of  white  chil- 
dren. 

From  her  own  experience  swimming,  she 
had  noticed  that  her  peers  were  predomi- 
nantly white,  and  she  envisioned  a  free  pro- 
gram to  help  underprivileged  kids  get  com- 
fortable in  and  around  the  water. 

At  Duke,  she  has  made  that  vision  a  real- 
ity. The  summer  before  her  sophomore  year, 
she  approached  Leslie  Barnes,  director  of 
student-athlete  development,  and  together 
the  two  plotted  a  course  for  the  program. 
Gonzalez  contacted  administrators  at  the 
Duke-Durham  Neighborhood  Partnership, 
who  helped  her  market  the  program — in 
both  English  and  Spanish — to  children  in 
the  local  public  schools.  She  secured  a  Sun- 
day evening  slot  at  the  Wilson  Center's 
pool.  She  recruited  teammates  on  the  swim- 
ming and  diving  teams,  many  of  whom  had 
taught  lessons  in  high  school  or  during  sum- 
mer vacations,  to  serve  as  instructors. 

Over  its  two  years  of  existence,  the  pro- 
gram has  grown  in  popularity,  among  par- 
ticipants— "By  the  end  of  class,"  Gonzalez 
says,  "they  are  asking,  'When  do  we  get  to 
come  back?'  " — and  instructors  alike.  In  a 
typical  month,  Gonzalez  tries  to  line  up  ten 
instructors  to  work  with  thirty  children,  a 
monumental  feat.  "A  lot  of  student-athletes 
are  very  busy  already  with  their  individual 
involvements,  athletic  schedules,  and  aca- 
demic schedules,"  Barnes  says.  "To  get  a  stu- 
dent-athlete to  commit  to  work  with  kids 
once  a  month  for  two  years  is  impressive." 

On  this  particular  Sunday,  perhaps  on 
account  of  a  nasty  rainstorm,  the  turnout  is 
somewhat  low.  Six  instructors — four  mem- 
bers of  the  swim  team  and  two  graduate-stu- 
dent volunteers — divvy  up  a  group  of  chil- 
dren that  numbers  fourteen  once  all  strag- 
glers are  accounted  for. 

"Five-  and  six-year-olds,  come  stand  by  this 
giant,"  Brown  says,  pointing  to  Justin  Mul- 
len '09,  who  stands  6'8"  tall. 

Mullen  and  Garrick  Berberich  '08  make 
their  way  to  the  far  end  of  lane  one  with  the 


Varsity  diver  Gonzalez 
envisioned  a  free  program  to 
help  underprivileged  kids 
get  comfortable  in  and  around 
the  water. 


boy  in  the  Finding  Nemo  trunks,  who  also 
happens  to  be  named  Justin,  and  two  girls. 
The  girls'  mother,  Jennifer  Diallo,  sits  against 
the  side  wall,  watching  as  Berberich  helps 
her  daughters  float  on  their  backs.  Belamy, 
who  is  five,  is  afraid  of  everything,  Diallo 
says.  Gabriella,  a  year  older,  is  a  daredevil. 
"But  living  in  North  Carolina,  you  need  to 
know  how  to  swim.  Even  the  strongest 
swimmers  need  a  little  help." 

Both  girls  attended  a  YMCA  camp  last 
year,  but  Diallo  balked  at  paying  an  extra 
swimming  fee.  She  says  she  learned  about 
Swimming  with  the  Blue  Devils  from  a  flier 
posted  in  the  public  school  where  she  works. 
This  is  the  second  time  they've  come.  Her 
daughters  love  getting  in  the  pool,  and  have 
been  talking  about  it  all  week. 

A  few  lanes  over,  Brown  has  all  the  seven- 
to  nine-year-olds  jump  into  the  pool  and 
take  up  spots  along  the  wall.  Their  parents 
look  on  as  they  practice  ducking  their  heads 
part  way  underwater.  "When  you  blow  bub- 
bles, I  want  to  see  big  bubbles  coming  up," 
Brown  says. 

As  they  come  up  from  blowing  bubbles, 
she  passes  out  kickboards  that  are  stacked  at 
the  end  of  the  lane.  "Who  can  tell  me  where 
I  should  be  holding  my  kickboard?"  she  asks. 
Three  girls  take  turns  guessing,  holding  on- 
to the  wall  with  one  hand,  kickboards  in 
the  other.  Brown  takes  a  step  back.  "Who 
wants  to  kick  out  to  me  first?" 

Most  of  the  children  seem  relatively  com- 
fortable in  the  water,  which  is  a  good  sign. 
Gonzalez  estimates  that  three-quarters  of 
the  children  who  attend  any  given  session 
are  repeats.  But  there  are  always  a  handful 
of  newcomers. 


I'w.dukemaga 


Becoming  buoyant:  Gonzalez  teaches  Jhanea 
Wilcher  the  tricky  skill  of  staying  afloat,  while 
Quaniesha  Mack  relies  on  a  kickboard. 

Two  more  lanes  over,  graduate  student 
David  Kahler  and  Megan  Toney  '09  are  lead- 
ing a  small  fleet  of  ten-  and  eleven-year-olds 
across  the  pool  on  kickboards.  One  boy 
takes  small  strokes  with  his  arm  to  keep  up, 
but  all  make  it  to  the  end  without  assis- 
tance. When  they  make  it  back,  Kahler  and 
Toney  up  the  ante. 

"What  we're  going  to  do  now  is  front 
stroke,"  Toney  tells  her  pupils.  She  floats  on 
her  back,  drifting  out  toward  the  first  row  of 
flags  as  she  explains  the  basics  to  them. 
They  will  put  their  heads  in  the  water  and 
kick,  then  stroke  with  their  arms  as  they 
breathe  to  the  side.  The  first  pair,  a  boy  and 
a  girl,  take  off. 

"Really  good  job  of  putting  your  face  in  the 
water,"  Toney  tells  them.  "That  was  good." 

The  highlight  of  the  day,  for  kids  and  in- 
structors alike,  is  clearly  the  end  of  the  les- 
son, which  is  devoted  to  a  combination  of 
lounging  in  the  hot  tub  and  leaping  off"  the 
diving  boards.  Brown  leads  the  way,  taking 
her  group  over  for  a  soak,  and  the  others 
soon  follow. 


Berberich  and  five-year-old  Justin  climb 
up  onto  the  two  low  dives,  and  inch  out 
toward  the  end.  "Do  you  want  to  go  first?" 
Berberich  asks,  bouncing  up  and  down.  Jus- 
tin smiles. 

Katie  Bieze  '09  is  treading  water  under  the 
boards,  with  a  red  lifeguard  float  under  her 
arms,  ready  to  catch  him.  "Do  you  want  me 
to  come  closer,  or  go  farther?"  she  asks. 

"Farther,"  Berberich  says.  "He's  a  big 
jumper." 

Without  a  pause,  Justin  leaps  out,  splash- 
ing into  the  pool  right  in  front  of  Bieze. 
Berberich  follows,  and  turns  to  catch  Jus- 
tin's older  sister,  who  leaps  into  his  arms. 

The  children  take  turns  mounting  the 
board.  Some  are  fearless,  jumping  straight 
into  the  water.  Others  need  a  little  urging. 
A  girl  in  a  striped  bathing  suit  bounces  up 
and  down  on  the  board,  but  looks  nervous. 
Berberich  climbs  onto  the  other  board.  "We'll 
go  at  the  same  time,"  he  says.  "One,  two, 
three."  She  keeps  bouncing.  "You  didn't  go!" 
he  yells,  as  he  sails  headfirst  into  the  water. 

Finally,  she  holds  her  nose  and  leaps  in. 
Splash. 

Other  children  are  watching  the  action 
from  the  warmth  of  the  hot  tub.  They  crowd 


Mi 

around  Brown,  who  talks  to  them  about 
swimming  and  about  the  upcoming  Olym- 
pics. "We  can't  have  clinics  over  the  sum- 
mer," she  says,  "but  you  can  watch  swim- 
ming on  TV."  Gonzalez  has  also  compiled  a 
list  of  summer  swimming  opportunities  to 
hand  out  to  parents. 

Deviere  Autry,  thirteen,  has  had  enough 
of  the  low  dive.  He  wants  something  more 
challenging.  He  makes  for  the  high  dive. 

At  the  top  of  the  ladder,  he  slows  down. 
He  almost  makes  it  to  the  end  of  the  board 
before  turning  around  and  heading  back 
down. 

The  girl  in  the  striped  suit  is  next  up.  She 
promises  to  go  off  at  the  same  time  as  Mul- 
len, but  on  the  count  of  three,  she  again 
freezes,  watching  her  partner  drop  into  the 
water.  She  starts  the  count  over  again  on 
her  fingers,  "one,  two,  thr. ..."  She  pauses  to 
look  back  at  Berberich,  now  on  the  other 
board,  smiling. 

She  bounces  slightly,  then  decides  to 
back  up  and  take  a  running  start.  As  she 
comes  to  the  end  of  the  board,  she  tries  to 
slow  down,  but  it's  too  late.  She  falls  over 
the  edge.  Splash.  She  comes  up  grinning. 

— Jacob  Dagger 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     July- August  2008 


Going  in:  Sampson  performs  a  craniotomy  on  a  patient  who's  awake,  to  avoid  damaging  nerve  and  speech  centers. 


30  w\v\v.dukemara:ine.duke.edu 


Neurosurgeon  John  Sampson  is  among  the  pioneers 
working  on  a  vaccine  that  harnesses  the  body's 
immune  system  to  fight  deadly  brain  tumors, 
offering  hope  where  there  was  none. 

By  Bridget  Booher 


Over 
Matter 


Malignant  intruder: 
MRI  reveals  stealthily 
growing  tumor. 


n  the  third  floor  of  Duke  North  in 

U  Operating  Room  4,  neurosurgeon 
John  Sampson  is  using  what  looks 
like  a  blunt,  two-pronged  fork  to 
probe  sections  of  a  patient's  exposed  brain. 
Weeks  earlier,  an  MRI  had  revealed  a  shad- 
ow near  the  front  of  the  man's  skull,  an  omi- 
nous intruder  whose  appearance  on  the 
black-and-white  scan  resembled  a  satellite 
view  of  an  advancing  hurricane.  Sampson 
suspects  a  high-grade  tumor,  possibly  a  glio- 
blastoma multiforme — the  most  common 
and  deadliest  form  of  brain  cancer. 

The  tumor  had  been  growing  stealthily  in 
the  patient's  head  until,  one  day  in  April, 
the  sixty-eight-year-old  man  sat  down,  ex- 
hausted, and  could  not  get  up.  A  flurry  of 
medical  tests  and  phone  calls  later,  he  is 
now  at  Duke  Medical  Center,  in  the  hands 
of  one  of  the  top  brain  tumor  surgeons  in 
the  world. 

Because  the  growth  is  pushing  against  the 
left  frontal  lobe  in  an  area  chat  controls 
speech  and  facial  expressions,  Sampson  is 
performing  a  craniotomy  while  the  patient 
is  awake,  slowly  and  methodically  cutting 
his  way  deeper  and  deeper  into  the  brain. 
Throughout  the  three-hour  operation,  Samp- 
son will  rely  on  the  patient's  responses  to 
cues  to  help  guide  catheters,  aspirators,  and 
three-dimensional  imaging  tools  to  target 
the  spot  where  the  burrowing  tumor  resides. 


Under  the  layers  and  layers  of  surgical 
drapes  that  cover  the  patient,  nurse  prac- 
titioner Denise  Lally-Goss  huddles  close  to 
the  man's  face,  talking  gently.  To  the  rest  of 
the  OR  team,  the  voices  are  muffled,  barely 
discernible.  She  holds  up  flash  cards  and 
prompts  the  man  to  identify  what  images 
are  pictured. 

"This  is  a. . ."  says  Lally-Goss. 

"Frog,"  the  man  says. 

"This  is  a..." 

"Comb." 

Through  a  hole  in  the  patient's  skull 
roughly  the  size  of  a  computer  mouse,  Samp- 
son and  his  surgical  assistant  are  mapping 
out  safe  entry  points  through  the  brain's 
dura  mater  to  get  to  the  interior  of  the  deli- 
cate frontal  lobe.  It's  as  if  Sampson  is  in  a 
house  he  knows  like  the  back  of  his  hand, 
but  it's  night,  and  all  the  electricity  has 
gone  oft.  The  man's  responses  are  like  a  dime- 
store  flashlight,  pointing  Sampson  toward 
safe  passage,  or  warning  him  away  from 
danger. 

Then  the  patient  starts  missing  cards. 

"Two  out  of  five,"  Lally-Goss  calls  out  to 
Sampson. 

And  then,  "Okay,  he  missed  all  five." 

"Get  him  to  count  to  ten,"  says  Sampson. 

No  response. 

Like  a  thunderclap,  Sampson  bellows  the 
patient's  name,  commanding  all  the  energy 


and  attention  in  the  beeping,  humming  op- 
erating room.  "We  need  you  to  be  loud. 
Tell  me  what's  on  the  cards.  This  is 
a..." 

"Chair!"  exclaims  the  man,  correctly. 
"This  is  a..." 

"Rabbit!" 
"This  is  a..." 

"Fork!" 

Back  on  track.  Sampson  gently  chides 
Lally-Goss.  "Denise,  this  is  no  time  to  be 
using  your  indoor  voice.  I  need  you  to  really 
get  in  his  face  and  keep  him  focused." 

Two  hours  into  the  operation,  Sampson 
has  isolated  the  tumor,  a  white  spongy  con- 
trast to  the  vibrant  deep  pink  of  its  host.  Af- 
ter the  meticulous  precision  used  to  cut 
around  the  cancerous  area,  its  removal  is 
surprisingly  quick.  A  section  of  the  golf-ball- 
sized  growth  is  whisked  to  the  lab  for  analy- 
sis. Sampson  and  his  colleagues  use  an  ul- 
trasound wand  to  scan  the  brain  for  residual 
tumor,  then  begin  the  process  of  closing  up 
the  groggy  patient's  head. 

The  initial  lab  analysis  indicates  what 
later  tests  confirm:  a  grade  IV  glioblastoma 
multiforme,  a  highly  malignant,  fast-grow- 
ing cancer  for  which  there  is  no  cure.  Most 
recur  within  six  months.  The  vast  majority  of 
patients  are  dead  within  eighteen  months. 

Every  year,  between  10,000  and  20,000 
people  in  the  U.S.  are  diagnosed  with  glio- 


32  wwu'.dukenuu.izme.Jijla'xdu 


blastoma  multiforme  (GBM)  tumors.  No 
one  knows  what  causes  them.  They  are  pri- 
mary tumors,  meaning  that  they  begin  in  the 
brain  rather  than  metastasizing  from  some- 
where else  in  the  body.  GBMs  are  insidious. 
They  send  tentacles  into  the  brain,  becom- 
ing inextricably  wrapped  around  healthy  tis- 
sue; even  though  neurosurgeons  can  re- 
move what  appears  to  be  the  bulk  of  the 
tumor,  virulent  cancer  cells  are  invariably 
left  behind.  The  usual  course  of  treatment  is 
removal  (when  possible),  followed  by  radia- 
tion and  chemotherapy.  This  standard  of 
care  has  not  changed  significantly  in  nearly 
fifty  years. 


1    native  of  Canada,  John  Sampson 
was  recruited  straight  out  of  medical 
school  at  the  University  of  Mani- 
■  toba  to  join  Duke  Medical  Center's 
neurosurgery  residency  program  in  1990,  and 
he's  been  here  ever  since.  He  sometimes 
tells  people  that  he  briefly  considered  be- 
coming a  general  practitioner  because  he 
liked  the  idea  of  forging  lifelong  relation- 
ships with  patients.  But  it's  hard  to  imagine 
Sampson,  or  any  of  his  colleagues  at  the 
Preston  Robert  Tisch  Brain  Tumor  Center, 
for  that  matter,  content  with  performing 
routine  physicals  and  annual  check-ups. 
Brain  surgeons  tend  to  be  mavericks,  tire- 


The  usual  course  of  treatment  is  removal,  when  possible, 
followed  by  radiation  and  chemotherapy.  This  standard  of  care 
has  not  changed  significantly  in  nearly  fifty  years. 


less  and  intensely  driven,  offering  patients 
the  promise  of  hope  when  other  doctors 
have  exhausted  all  options. 

Early  in  his  residency,  Sampson  knew 
that  mastering  complex  surgical  challenges 
wouldn't  satisfy  him  over  the  long  haul. 
Performing  delicate  brain  surgery  was  one 
thing,  but  understanding  the  pathology  of 
brain  tumors — and  perhaps  unlocking  the 
mystery  of  what  causes  them  in  order  to  bet- 
ter treat  them — was  quite  another.  He  took 
three  years  out  of  his  residency  to  work 
alongside  Darell  Bigner  M.D.  '65,  Ph.D.  72, 
an  internationally  known  expert  on  brain 
tumors,  earning  a  Ph.D.  in  tumor  immunol- 
ogy and  learning  how  to  design  and  con- 
duct clinical  trials. 

Since  then,  Sampson  and  his  colleagues 
at  the  brain  tumor  clinic  have  helped  pio- 
neer the  use  of  immunotherapy — he  calls  it 
"the  holy  grail  of  therapy" — which  uses  the 
body's  immune  system  to  fight  cancers  like 
GBM.  "Chemotherapy  and  radiation  are 


Science  at  Risk 

In  2001,  neurosurgeon  John  Sampson  applied  for  and  received 
his  first  research  grant  from  the  National  Institutes  of  Health  to 
pursue  the  development  of  what  would  become  a  successful 
vaccine  for  malignant  brain  tumors.  In  today's  tough  climate 
for  biomedical  researchers,  says  Sampson,  now  the  associate  deputy 
director  of  Duke's  Preston  Robert  Tisch  Brain  Tumor  Center,  "I  almost 
certainly  would  not  have  gotten  funded." 

In  March,  Duke  was  one  of  seven  institutions  that  co-authored  a 
report  titled  "A  Broken  Pipeline?  Flat  Funding  of  the  NIH  Puts  a 
Generation  of  Science  at  Risk."  It  details  the  worrisome  implications 
of  the  NIH's  unprecedented  fifth  straight  year  of  no  budget  growth, 
representing  a  13  percent  drop  in  purchasing  power  since  2003.  It 
also  documents  how  first-time  research  grants  like  the  one 
Sampson  received — called  R01  grants — have  become  much  more 
difficult  to  secure. 

"The  risks  [of  continued  flat  funding  of  NIH]  are  that  people  who 
have  diseases  that  five  or  ten  years  from  now  should  be  curable  are 
going  to  have  to  wait  a  lot  longer,"  Nancy  Andrews,  dean  of  the 
Duke  medical  school,  said  in  the  report.  "The  knowledge  is  there, 
and  we  have  the  people  who  know  exactly  what  to  do  to  study  the 
things  that  turn  into  cures.  But  they  don't  have  the  funding  to  do  it." 

As  it  did  for  Sampson,  an  R01  grant  allows  talented  biomedical 
researchers  to  pursue  promising  therapies — stem-cell  research, 
for  example,  or  improved  diagnostic  tools — for  treating  a  host  of 
diseases.  According  to  the  report,  R01s  are  considered  "the  gold 
standard  in  science. ...  [A]  scientist  is  not  considered  established 
and  independent  until  he  or  she  is  awarded  an  R01,"  which 
provides  multi-year  funds  that  enable  scientists  to  hire  staff  mem- 


bers and  buy  equipment  and  materials  necessary  to  conduct 
experiments. 

From  a  practical  standpoint,  the  high  costs  of  setting  up  a  lab 
preclude  research  institutions  from  supporting  a  multitude  of 
start-up  projects.  And  because  medical  advances  are  good  for 
society  as  a  whole,  the  responsibility  for  encouraging  such  advances 
has  long  been  the  purview  of  the  federal  government.  As  the 
major  funder  of  biomedical  research  in  the  U.S.,  the  NIH  spends 
85  percent  of  its  budget  to  support  research  at  universities  and 
medical  centers. 

During  a  news  conference  announcing  the  report,  Harvard 
University  president  Drew  Gilpin  Faust  underscored  the  chilling 
effect  that  decreased  funding  is  having  not  only  on  the  career 
choices  that  researchers  are  making,  but  also  on  the  future  of  health 
care.  "This  is  about  the  investment  that  America  is — or  is  not — 
making  in  the  health  of  its  citizens  and  its  economy,"  Faust  said. 

"Right  now,  the  nation's  brightest  young  researchers,  upon 
whom  the  future  of  American  medicine  rests,  are  getting  the 
message  that  biomedical  research  may  be  a  dead  end  and  they 
should  explore  other  career  options — and  in  too  many  cases, 
they're  taking  that  message  to  heart." 

"Getting  that  [NIH]  grant  was  critical  for  my  research,"  ac- 
knowledges Sampson.  "Without  it,  I  don't  know  that  I  could  have 
moved  forward." 


www.dukenews.duke.edu/2008/03/nih.html 


DUKE  MAGAZINE    July- August  2008 


systemic  rather  than  specific,"  Sampson 
says,  "so  they  kill  the  good  cells  along  with 
the  bad  cells.  But  immunotherapy  is  very 
specific.  It  targets  only  the  tumor  cell,  and 
leaves  healthy  cells  untouched." 

Through  painstaking  trial  and  error,  Samp- 
son and  fellow  researchers  developed  a  vac- 
cine that  slowed  the  reappearance  of  GBM  - 
specific  tumor  cells  in  mice.  By  2001,  he  had 
received  National  Institutes  of  Health  fund- 
ing and  approvals  to  conduct  clinical  trials 
in  humans.  There  were  no  guarantees  that 
it  would  work;  patients  who  agreed  to  enter 
the  trials  knew  that  it  was  risky,  unproven. 
It  could  he  ineffective.  It  could  make  the 
tumor  come  hack  even  stronger.  Or  maybe, 
just  maybe,  it  could  buy  them  more  time. 

wo  days  after  the  craniotomy  in 

I  Operating  Room  4,  Cam  and  Peggy 
Mitchell  fly  in  to  Raleigh-Durham 
International  Airport  for  their  monthly 
trip  to  Duke  Medical  Center.  The  two  have 
known  each  other  since  childhood;  her  sis- 
ter sat  behind  Cam  in  first  grade.  Cam  was 
diagnosed  in  2004  with  a  grade  IV  GBM. 
His  doctor  in  Grand  Rapids,  Michigan,  gave 
Mitchell  a  pamphlet  about  GBM  and  told 
him,  "Sorry,  there's  nothing  we  can  do." 

Mitchell's  oncologist,  though,  knew  about 
the  research  being  conducted  at  Duke.  He 
made  a  few  calls.  On  a  Saturday  morning, 
about  a  week  after  his  diagnosis,  Mitchell's 
phone  rang.  It  was  John  Sampson,  calling 
from  his  home.  Mitchell  could  hear  Samp- 
son's two  young  sons  playing  in  the  back- 
ground. Sampson  explained  that  he  was 
starting  to  enroll  human  subjects  in  an  ex- 
perimental clinical  trial. 

Was  Mitchell  interested? 

"When  you're  first  given  the  news  that 
you  have  a  stage-four  brain  tumor,  you  real- 
ly don't  expect  to  survive,"  says  Mitchell. 
Faced  with  the  prospect  of  certain  rapid 
decline  or  the  slim  hope  that  he  might  live 
a  few  months  longer  to  see  his  beloved 
brood  of  nieces  and  nephews  pass  the  next 
birthday  or  kindergarten  graduation,  Mit- 
chell didn't  hesitate.  "People  have  told  me 
that  they  would  never  want  to  be  a  guinea 
pig,  but  I  don't  see  it  that  way.  I  thought, 
Hey,  I've  got  to  be  willing  to  try  something 
leading-edge.  Someone  has  to  be  willing, 
and  I'm  going  to  be  that  person." 

In  June  of  2004,  the  Mitchells  and  nearly 


The  Future  of  the  Brain  Tumor  Vaccine 

From  initial  success  in  the  lab  to  promising  results  in  patients,  new  medicines  and  therapies  have  to  clear 
many  hurdles  before  they  can  be  disseminated  to  the  general  public.  CDX-1 10,  the  brain  tumor  vaccine 
developed  by  Duke  neurosurgeon  John  Sampson  and  manufactured  by  AVANT  Immunotherapies,  is  well 
on  its  way  to  becoming  part  of  the  new  treatment  regimen  available  to  oncologists.. 
This  year,  Pfizer,  in  conjunction  with  AVANT,  is  launching  a  multisite  Phase  ll/lll  study  to  determine  whether 
CDX-1 1 0  should  become  the  new  standard  of  care  for  patients  diagnosed  with  glioblastoma  multiforme  (GBM) 
tumors.  More  than  twenty  brain  tumor  centers  across  the  country  are  participating  in  the  randomized  study. 

GBM  has  long  been  considered  an  "orphan  disease,"  a  designation  for  conditions  that  affect  fewer  than 
200,000  people.  People  diagnosed  with  orphan  diseases  often  find  that  therapies  to  treat  their  conditions 
are  scarce,  owing  to  the  huge  financial  commitments  that  underlie  research  and  development.  But  because 
CDX-1 10  targets  a  mutant  protein  found  in  a  host  of  other  cancers,  the  pharmaceutical  industry  has  taken  an 
interest  in  its  development. 

"To  go  to  a  Phase  III  trial  takes  hundreds  of  millions  of  dollars  these  days,"says  Sampson.  "Typically  that 
requires  having  a  huge  venture  capitalist  or  big  pharma  getting  involved.  In  this  case,  big  pharma  is  getting 
involved."  If  the  CDX-1 10  trials  go  well,  he  says,  Pfizer  Inc.,  one  of  the  world's  largest  pharmaceutical  companies, 
will  conduct  the  final  round  of  testing  before  applying  for  FDA  approval  to  market  the  drug.  In  mid-April,  Pfizer 
paid  AVANT  $40  million  and  promised  a  $10  million  equity  stake  for  the  worldwide  rights  to  the  vaccine. 

Since  the  vaccine  is  only  effective  in  treating  tumors  with  a  particular  mutation,  it  won't  ever  be  a  cure-all  for 
people  diagnosed  with  GBM.  Still,  it's  more  promising  than  anything  else  on  the  market.  (Temozolomide,  the  most 
recent  chemotherapy  drug  used  to  target  brain  tumors,  only  extends  survival  rates  a  couple  of  months,  on  aver- 
age.) Given  the  slow  pace  of  getting  drugs  tested  and  approved  for  use  in  the  general  population,  though,  the  vast 
majority  of  people  currently  diagnosed  with  GBM  will  be  dead  before  CDX-1 1 0  receives  final  market  approval. 

— fifi 
http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00458601 


Comparison  of  Patient  Survival  Rates 


100  - 
90  - 

1— 1_|— |    U                           drug  temozolomide,  and  brain  tumor  vaccine 

U                         —  Patients  who  received  radiation  and  temozolomide 

80  - 

ML                    —  Patients  who  received  radiation  only 

70  - 

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V     _ 

30  - 

Vl 

20  - 

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10  - 

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T                                                                   T  Historical 

1                              1                              1                              1                              1 

20  30 

Months  of  survival 


Researchers  compared  responses  of  78  patients  diagnosed  with  GBM  tumors  that  were 
EGFRvlll  positive.  Initially,  the  patients  exhibited  no  signs  of  recurrence  after  having 
their  tumors  removed  and  receiving  a  standard  course  of  radiation  treatment.  The 
patients  were  treated  in  one  of  three  ways.  Comparison  data  not  concurrent  in  time. 


'.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


"The  vaccine  works  with 

exquisite  specificity," 

says  Sampson.  "It's  like  a 

silver  bullet." 


twenty  members  of  their  extended  family 
traveled  to  Duke  to  support  Cam  as  he  under- 
went a  series  of  tests  to  determine  whether 
he  qualified  for  the  trial.  Trial  parameters 
included,  among  other  factors,  how  recent- 
ly the  tumor  was  diagnosed  and  removed, 
its  size,  and  whether  it  contained  a  specific 
protein,  found  on  fewer  than  half  of  GBMs, 
that  the  vaccine  was  designed  to  target. 
When  the  tests  came  back  confirming  that 
he  was  a  good  candidate,  "I  felt  as  though 
I'd  been  given  a  lifeline,"  he  says. 

Four  years  later,  the  Mitchells  have  come 
to  consider  Duke  a  second  home.  They've 
negotiated  medical  discounts  with  airlines 
and  hotels,  can  tell  you  which  food  station 
in  the  hospital  cafeteria  makes  the  healthi- 
est turkey  sandwiches,  and  know  that  the 
local  Nordstrom  can  hem  a  pair  of  pants  in 
one  business  day.  And  they  are  on  a  first- 
name  basis  with  the  dozens  of  physicians, 
nurses,  and  support  staff  members  who  over- 
see Cam's  health. 

On  this  particular  spring  trip,  Mitchell 
receives  his  forty-eighth  dose  of  vaccine. 
He's  brought  a  CD  containing  scans  of  his 
latest  MRI,  conducted  bimonthly  in  Grand 
Rapids,  for  Sampson  to  examine  for  signs 
that  the  tumor  has  started  to  grow  again. 
Waiting  for  the  results  is  agonizing.  "My 
mind  starts  to  begin  this  circle  of  thought," 
says  Mitchell.  "What  if  I  have  a  recurrence? 
What  if  the  test  is  inconclusive?  What  if 
the  radiologist  misses  something?  Every- 
thing related  to  my  treatment  is  so  new  that 
there  are  no  'norms'  to  rely  on." 

Later  that  afternoon,  Mitchell  gets  the 
good  news  that  the  tumor  has  not  returned. 
Not  this  month.  Not  today.  It's  a  small, 
temporary  reprieve  between  the  exhilara- 
tion and  dread  that  have  become,  in  Peggv's 
words,  "the  new  normal." 

Cancer  occurs  when  cells  mutate.  In 
some,  but  not  all,  GBMs,  these  mu- 
tations take  place  on  the  epidermal 
growth  factor  receptor  (EGFR)  of  the 
tumor's  surface  cells.  The  mutation,  known  as 


EGFRvIII,  was  discovered  by  Duke's  Darell 
Bigner  and  his  cancer-research  colleagues  at 
the  Johns  Hopkins  University  who  conduct 
GBM  research.  EGFRvIII  has  also  been  im- 
plicated in  a  range  of  other  cancers,  includ- 
ing breast,  ovarian,  metastatic  prostate,  col- 
orectal, and  head  and  neck  cancers. 

The  brain  tumor  vaccine,  which  consists 
of  a  slightly  modified  portion  of  EGFRvIII, 
triggers  the  immune  system  into  attacking 
just  those  cancer  cells.  Called  CDX-1 10  and 
manufactured  by  AVANT  Immunotherapies, 
the  vaccine  was  developed  by  Sampson  and 
Amy  Heimberger,  who  completed  her  in- 
ternship and  residency  at  Duke.  She  is  now 
an  associate  professor  at  the  University  of 
Texas'  M.D.  Anderson  Cancer  Center  and 
the  lead  investigator  for  a  concurrent  brain 
tumor  vaccine  trial  at  Texas.  "The  vaccine 
works  with  exquisite  specificity,"  says  Samp- 
son. "It's  like  a  silver  bullet." 

Before  enrolling  in  the  clinical  trial,  and 
on  subsequent  visits  to  Duke,  patients  must 
undergo  a  series  of  tests  to  make  sure  the 
tumor  hasn't  started  growing  back.  For  the 
first  two  months,  the  vaccine  is  adminis- 


tered every  two  weeks,  and  then  monthly  as 
long  as  there  are  no  signs  of  recurrence.  The 
only  side  effects  are  slight  swelling  or  red- 
ness near  the  injection  site. 

Because  of  the  virulent  nature  of  GBMs, 
physicians  are  accustomed  to  seeing  them 
recur  within  months.  In  the  clinical  trials, 
Sampson  says,  the  average  recurrence  is 
pushed  out  to  nearly  two  years.  Even  more 
remarkable,  "We  now  have  patients  who  are 
three  and  four  years  out  with  no  recur- 
rence," he  says. 

When  the  trials  started  in  2004,  patients 
received  the  vaccine  alone.  More  recently, 
Sampson  wanted  to  know  what  might  hap- 
pen if  the  vaccine  was  used  in  conjunction 
with  temozolomide,  the  standard  chemo- 
therapy drug  given  to  brain  tumor  patients. 
"The  problem  with  temozolomide  is  that, 
like  any  chemotherapy,  it  kills  off  cells  in- 
discriminately," says  Sampson.  "Our  hypo- 
thesis was  that  using  the  temozolomide 
would  kill  so  many  white  blood  cells  that  it 
would  essentially  cancel  out  the  benefit  of 
the  vaccine."  As  it  turned  out,  using  temozol- 
omide enhanced  the  immune  system  tremen- 


"The  new  normal":  Cam  Mitchell  undergoes 

blood  work  and  lab  tests  every  month  before 

receiving  the  life-extending  vaccine. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE    July- August  2008 


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dously,  and  in  fact,  the  higher  the  dose,  the 
better  the  body's  overall  immune  response. 

"We're  now  seeing  patients  who  not  only 
achieve  very  high  immune  responses  over 
time,  but  whose  immune  responses  just  get 
stronger  and  stronger  and  stronger — to  the 
point  where  we're  seeing  [immune]  levels  not 
typically  seen  with  any  vaccine,"  says  Samp- 
son. "It's  unusual  in  nature  that  an  immune 
response  gets  stronger  and  stronger.  But 
that  has  been  the  case  with  this  therapy." 

So  far,  over  70  percent  of  patients  who 
have  enrolled  in  the  vaccine  trials  at  Duke 
are  alive  after  two  years,  and  over  50  per- 
cent are  alive  after  four  years. 

Ryan  DeGrand  is  among  the  fortunate  50 
percent.  A  self-described  Type-A  personali- 
ty, he  ran  5K  races  in  and  around  his  home- 
town of  St.  Louis  and  routinely  worked  fif- 
teen-hour days  as  the  vice  president  of  ProAm 
Golf,  a  golf  equipment  company  founded  by 
his  father  in  1975. 

In  2004,  at  the  age  of  thirty-two,  he  de- 
veloped crushing  headaches  that  didn't  re- 
spond to  over-the-counter  medicine.  Finally, 
unable  to  stand  the  pain,  DeGrand  went  to 
a  local  emergency  room,  where  a  CT  scan 
revealed  a  baseball-sized  tumor — a  GBM. 


In  clinic:  Sampson  and  Duke  colleagues  offer  patients 
hope  when  other  doctors  have  exhausted  all  options. 


With  a  four-year-old  son  and  a  newborn 
daughter  at  home,  he  and  his  wife,  Kathryn, 
were  suddenly  faced  with  the  unthinkable. 

"I  played  sports  all  my  life.  I  never  smoked. 
I  eat  well  and  work  out  at  least  twice  a  week, 
so  there  was  no  way  in  my  mind  that  I  could 
get  cancer,"  says  DeGrand.  With  the  same 
drive  he  brought  to  other  areas  of  his  life, 
DeGrand  refused  to  believe  the  doctors  who 
told  him  there  was  nothing  that  could  be 
done.  "I  remember  walking  to  my  car  that 
day  and  thinking,  those  are  the  most  nega- 
tive guys  I've  never  met,  and  I'm  not  going 
to  listen  to  them."  DeGrand  researched  his 
options,  and  quickly  honed  in  on  the  trials 
at  Anderson  Cancer  Center  and  Duke.  He 
flew  to  Durham  to  meet  with  Sampson  and 
see  whether  he  qualified  for  the  clinical  tri- 
als. He  did,  and  in  August  of  2004,  he  began 
getting  the  vaccine. 

"What  I  like  about  the  vaccine  is  that  it's 
making  my  body  stronger,"  says  DeGrand. 
"It's  boosting  my  immune  system  and  mak- 
ing it  healthier,  as  opposed  to  chemo,  which 


High-Profile  Patient 

hen  Senator  Edward  Kennedy 
learned  he  had  a  malignant 
glioma  growing  in  his  left  parietal 
lobe,  he  chose  Duke  physician 
Allan  Friedman  to  remove  the  tumor.  The  three- 
and-a-half-hour  procedure  performed  by 
Friedman  on  June  2  was  nearly  identical  to  the 
one  described  at  the  beginning  of  "Mind  Over 
Matter" — a  craniotomy  undertaken  while  the 
patient  is  awake  to  avoid  damaging  nearby 
areas  that  control  speech  and  motor  functions. 

Friedman,  chief  of  neurosurgery  at  Duke 
Medical  Center  and  deputy  director  of  the 
Preston  Robert  Tisch  Brain  Tumor  Center,  is 
considered  one  of  the  world's  best  tumor  and 
vascular  neurosurgeons.  Since  coming  to  Duke 
in  1975  as  a  surgical  resident,  Friedman  has 
operated  on  thousands  of  patients.  In  addition 
to  Kennedy,  Friedman's  other  well-known 
patients  include  Reynolds  Price  '55.  In  1984, 
Friedman  removed  an  eleven-inch  malignant 
tumor  that  had  wrapped  itself  around 
Price's  spine,  an  experience  Price  recounts  in 
his  memoir,/!  WholeNewLife. 


www.dukemagazine.duke.eciu 


weakens  your  whole  system.  It's  also  why 
I  like  Duke;  instead  of  being  on  the  defen- 
sive and  waiting  to  treat  the  next  bad  thing 
that  happens,  they  are  always  looking  at 
ways  to  improve  the  treatment  and  make  it 
even  better." 

DeGrand,  like  Mitchell,  is  often  asked  how 
much  longer  he  plans  to  come  back  to  Duke. 
"Why  would  I  stop?"  he  says.  "As  long  as  my 
immune  system  keeps  getting  stronger  and 
the  tumor  doesn't  come  back,  I'll  keep  get- 
ting the  vaccine.  I  hope  I'm  still  coming  back 
here  in  twenty-five  or  thirty  years." 

Still,  DeGrand  acknowledges  that  he  and 
his  wife  can't  allow  themselves  to  imagine 
what  their  lives  will  be  like  a  year  from  now, 
much  less  a  couple  of  decades  hence.  "I  real- 
ly try  to  take  one  day  at  a  time,"  he  says.  "If 
I  start  to  forecast  things  that  might  happen 
six  or  eight  months  from  now,  I  can  fool 
myself  into  thinking  that  I'm  beating  the 
deal.  We  talk  hypothetically  about  taking  a 
trip  with  the  kids  at  Christmas.  But  realisti- 
cally, we  can't  start  making  those  plans 
until  September  or  October." 

In  late  April,  ABC  News'  World  News 
Tonight  aired  a  short  segment  on  DeGrand 
and  his  treatment  at  Duke.  In  the  days  that 
followed,  Sampson's  office  was  deluged  with 
hundreds  of  e-mail  messages  and  phone 
calls  from  people  all  over  the  world  who 
had  seen  or  heard  about  the  vaccine.  Could 
they,  or  a  loved  one,  get  in? 

Nurse  practitioner  Lally-Goss  and  a  clini- 
cal trials  coordinator  triaged  the  calls,  re- 
sponding to  every  single  one  within  forty- 
eight  hours.  Most  patients  did  not  qualify 
for  the  vaccine.  For  Sampson  and  others  on 
the  front  line  of  treating  people  with  GBMs, 
fielding  desperate  queries  from  people  who 
have  no  other  hope  further  galvanizes  them 
in  their  quest  to  stop  this  deadly  disease. 

"This  is  not  a  cure,"  says  Sampson.  "But  it's 
one  really  good  step  in  that  direction."      ■ 

A  few  weeks  after  the  craniotomy  described 
in  the  lead  of  this  article,  the  patient's  tumor 
recurred,  making  him  ineligible  for  clinical 
trials.  He  will  continue  to  receive  the  standard 
treatment  of  radiation  and  chemotherapy. 

John  Sampson  explains  cancer  vaccines: 
www.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


25  YEARS 
DUKE 


Campus  controversies  •  Cultural  trends 

Student  life  •  Research  breakthroughs 

Alumni  updates 


The  DUKE  MAGAZINE  25th  anniversary  issue 
May-June  2009 


DUKE  MAGAZINE    July- August  2008         37 


www.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


A  young  journalist  is 
introduced  to  the  strange 
quality  of  life  in  Afghanistan: 
"I  saw  my  share  of  suicide 
bombings.  I  got  arrested 
getting  a  haircut.  And 
I  wrote  about  everything." 


Kabul,  Afghanistan  Afghans  have  strange  ways 
of  memorializing  their  wars.  They  weave  rugs  with 
crudely  rendered  illustrations  of  tanks  and  the  twin 
towers  and  other  hieroglyphs  depicting  invasions 
and  withdrawals;  they  put  Soviet  fighter  jets  high  up  on 
stilts  like  big  tin  gargoyles  to  ornament  their  airports.  They 
fill  a  museum  in  Herat  with  tanks  and  helicopters  and  ar- 
mored vehicles  rendered  impotent  hy  mujahideen  am- 
bushes, proudly  (if  prematurely)  displayed  as  trophies  of 
war  and  homage  to  independence. 

Kabul's  museum  has  claymores  and  antitank  mines, 
fragmentation  grenades,  rocket-propelled  grenades,  and 
rounds  as  big  as  your  forearm,  all  in  open  display  cases  so 
you  can  reach  in  and  pick  the  things  up.  I  see  ordnance 
from  Russia,  England,  China,  Egypt,  Italy,  Pakistan,  and 
America,  buried  relics  that  were  littered  across  the  coun- 
try by  a  ceaseless  procession  of  invaders  backed  by  a 
long  roster  of  international  meddlers.  But  the  museum's 
specialty  is  antipersonnel  explosives:  land  mines. 

My  first  month  in  Afghanistan,  I  drove  out  of  the  city, 
north  on  Shamali  Road  to  an  empty  expanse  of  earth 
leading  up  to  the  mountains  that  once  provided  perches 
for  rival  warlords.  After  the  Taliban  fled,  this  for  a  time  was 
a  place  of  peace,  where  people  lived,  played,  prayed,  and 


Highs  and  lows:  Children,  left,  haul  water  up  TV  Hill,  so  named 
for  the  proliferation  of  antennas  on  its  crest;  in  Kabul,  above, 
many  areas  still  lack  running  water  and  reliable  electricity. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE    July- August  2008 


135,218 


and  counting 


DUKE    ALUMNI    ASSOCIATION    ANNUAL   REPORT   200 


Your  Duke  Alumni  Association 


DEMOGRAPHICS 


'Active"  alumni  (We  know  where  you  live! 


58%  m 

%  South 


ale 


North  Carolina:  25,32! 


54%  Undergraduate 

Median  Age  Median  Class 

46  1988        I 

Caucasian 

80% 


130,128 


42%Fema|e 


Northeast 

19% 


West 


Midwest        Outside  U.S. 

9%       5% 

New  York:  8,962  California:  9,712         Illinois:  3,101     Canada:  543 


14% 


30%  Professional      1g% 


Graduate 


alf  Century  Club  Members  Young  Alumni  (undergrad classes  1999-2008,1 

12,036         15,755 

Asian  American  African  American  Hispanic       Other/Unclassified 

i  5%  4%         2%       9% 


PROGRAMS 


N         U         M 


reqionalprograms 

Through  an  extensive  clubs  network,  regional  programs  provide  means  for  alumni,  parents,  and 
friends  to  connect  with  one  another  and  the  university,  to  engage  in  service  efforts  in  their  local 
communities,  and  to  help  raise  Duke's  profile  around  the  world. 

106  clubs  held  ^r3U  events  attended  by  11,650  alums,  parents,  and  students. 


DUKE      CLUB      EVENTS 


5% 

Community  service 

10% 

~\ 

25% 

Duke  president,  faculty,  and 
administrator  visits 

1 

Local  venues  and  speakers 

13%                            ^^^ 

Cultural,  social,  just  good  fun  ^M 

H 
7%                             S          ft 

International                             ^H 

15% 

W                      20% 

^f                    Hoops  Watches 

Forever  Duke  Send-off  Parties                 / 

5% 

Athletics 

\ 

DAA                   ANNUAL                   REPO 

R         T                    2 

0         0         8 

INTERNATIONAL 

Increased  number  of  clubs  abroad  by  KJ    i  O  to  41 
International  clubs  on  V^  continents: 

Events  abroad:  O  w 

North  America          South  America          Europe                  Africa 

Asia 

Australia 

Bermuda                    Argentina                  Austria                  Ethiopia 

China 

(Queensland) 

Canada                       Brazil                         Benelux                 Morocco 

Hong  Kong 

(Sydney) 

Guatemala                  Belize                        France                   Nigeria 

India 

Mexico                        Chile                           Germany 

Israel 

Ecuador                     Greece 

Japan 

Panama                     Italy 

Jordan 

Venezuela                  Portugal 

Kazakhstan 

Russia 

Korea 

Spain 

Philippines 

Switzerland 

Qatar 

United  Kingdom 

Singapore 

Taiwan 
Thailand 
Turkey 
UAE 

Alumni  in  the  Triangle:  1  CL  f  1 1  tL 

Largest  Duke  Clubs:  New  York  10,495 

Washington,  D.C.  9,312 

Northern  California  (San  Francisco)  4,757 

Atlanta  4,712 

Boston  4,463 

ALUMNI      CAREER      S  E  R  ' 

(/ICES 

272             3,095 

*r  £Ll^0  students  and  94 

alumni  advised  one-to-one.              DukeConnect  alumni 

alumni  attended  2008  Fannie 

volunteers  are  registered. 

Mitchell  Career  Conference  on 

campus. 

PROGRAMS 


THE  NUMBERS 


* 


reunions 


Reunions,  Homecoming,  and  other  special  events  promote,  nurture,  and  maintain 
alumni  connections  through  on-campus  programs  and  online  communities  centered 
^  on  class-year  and  affinity-group  affiliations.  Alumni  gatherings  renew  friendships, 
forge  new  relationships,  and  educate  participants  about  current  university 
programs  and  goals. 


3,7' 


attended  Reunions  Weekend  2008. 


599  attended  28  affinity-group  gatherings  and  events. 


1,526 


participated  in  Homecoming  2007. 


209  volunteer  leaders 


150 


affinity  reunion  alumni  from  9  different  groups 


participated  in 

Half  Century  Club  Weekend  2007. 


148 


participated  in 

Duke  Women's  Health  &  Wellness  Weekend. 


alumniadmissions 

Our  link  between  Alumni  Affairs  and  Undergraduate  Admissions  acts  as  an  advocate  and 
resource  for  alumni  parents  and  relatives  interested  in  the  admissions  process,  and  provides  an 
international  network  of  alumni  volunteers  to  help  the  university  select  the  best  students  from 
the  undergraduate  applicant  pool. 


^>"Q/     Acceptance  rate  of  alumni  children 

JO  /O   and  grandchildren  (932  applicants)  in  2008 


20% 


Total  pool  (20,337)  acceptance  rate 


3,351  +  227  X  10,798  = 


I  I 

Alumni  Alumni  Admissions  Advisory 

volunteers  in  Committees  interviewed 

more  than  half,  or 


I 
applicants  for  the  Class  of 


307  wen 

signed  up  for  annual  Alumni 
Admissions  Forum  for  alumni  and 
family  members  in  June. 


# 


*J  Blue  Devil  Day  breakfasts 

in  April  entertained  33  admitted 
students  and  52  family  members  that 
included  28  alumni. 


education&travel 

The  Education  &  Travel  program  is  the  gateway  for  alumni  and  friends  who  wish  to  continue  to 
learn  and  travel  through  Duke-on  campus  and  around  the  world. 


£mmJ\J  attended  O 

during  Homecoming. 

Ir0o3       en     d10 


Duke  Arts  and  Academics  educational  programs 


Duke  Arts  and  Academics  educational 

lg  Reunions  Weekend. 


924 


registered  for 
DukeReadS,  an  online  book 
club  launched  at  Homecoming  with 
the  first-year  students'  summer 
book  assignment  plus  six  more  titles 
over  seven  months.  DAA  technology 
supported  the  interactive  sessions. 


1.252 


W  K—m^*r  ^m  attended 
(including  871  students/community 
members)  three-day  A  Jubilee  for 
Reynolds  Price:  50  Years  a  Teacher  at 
Duke,  co-sponsored  with  the  English 
Department,  Duke  University  Libraries, 
and  six  other  campus  entities. 


D         A         A 


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Programs  designed  for  students  and  young  alumni  promote  an  understanding  of  the  DAA  for 
students  through  campus  events  and  services,  and  provide  opportunities  for  engagement  and 
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420 


950 

nni  House  i 

1r713 


attended  Class  of  2008's  last-day-of-class  picnic 

at  Alumni  House  in  April. 


members  of  Class  Of  2011  invited  to 

Orientation  Picnic  for  first-year  students  in  August 


_^^H 

1          ||^ 

252 

mmm^mw  mmm  attended  luncheon  celebration 
in  May  2008  for  graduate  school  and 
professional  school  graduates. 

5,000+      ee, 

commencement  eve  party  for  graduating 
seniors  and  families. 

rasu 

students  attended 

V   Duke-Caroli 

p          ¥ 

1             ■ 

DukeMagazine 


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To  keep  alumni  connected  through  the  Internet  and  other  methods,  the  DAA's  Information 
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isburg  '11  and  Trisha  Lowe  '11 


ALUMNI    ASSOCIATION 


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ny  opportunities  the 
ation  provided  them 


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association  with 


UMNI    ASSOCIATION 


Day  in  the  life:  funeral  for  members  of  parliament  and 
bodyguards  killed  in  November  bombing,  above;  a  child 
clings  to  her  mother  at  neighborhood  bazaar,  right. 

brought  their  goats  to  graze.  But  then  a 
woman  hauling  water  stepped  on  a  pres- 
sure-activated antipersonnel  mine,  and 
they  knew  the  earth  was  charged. 

In  came  the  mine  clearers  to  excavate  the 
earth,  first  tracing  paths  with  their  metal 
detectors  and  lining  them  with  stones  paint- 
ed white — the  nationally  recognized  sym- 
bol for  neutralized  land.  Red  rocks  mean 
live  mines.  They  focused  on  a  barren  creek 
bed  that  provided  natural  cover  for  fighters 
advancing  on  Bagram  airbase.  The  Soviets 
and  then  the  Northern  Alliance  planted 
mines  there,  creating  an  explosive  moat 
that  extends  twenty  minutes  in  each  direc- 
tion (the  mine  clearers  measure  distance  in 
time,  which  is  the  critical  metric  if  one  of 
them  needs  to  be  driven  to  a  hospital). 

The  day  I'm  there,  they  unearth  an  Iranian 
mine  that  hasn't  seen  daylight  since  it  was 
buried  seventeen  years  ago  and  that  can't 
be  removed  because  it's  planted  against  the 
wall  of  the  creek  bed,  which  has  been 
baked  by  summer  heat  and  is  now  brittle 
and  crumbling.  And  anyway,  they  suspect 
it's  been  jury-rigged  to  other  explosives 
in  a  "daisy  chain"  designed  to  take  the  legs 
off  an  entire  regiment.  So  they  blow  it 
themselves  and  watch  black  smoke  and 
pulverized  rock  shoot  fifty  feet  into  the  sky. 


In  the  capital  city,  amputees  are  every- 
where, sitting  on  street  sides,  pushing  out 
stumps  where  limbs  once  were  to  power  their 
appeals  for  spare  change.  Kabul,  so  goes  the 
joke,  is  the  only  city  in  the  world  where 
one  shoe  is  as  valuable  as  a  pair. 

Just  over  a  year  ago,  I  sat  in  Duke  Chapel 
wearing  a  cap  and  gown,  ushered  off 
by  President  Richard  Brodhead's  bac- 
calaureate address,  in  which  he  dis- 
closed in  front  of  thousands  that  one 
of  the  graduating  students  was  going  to  Af- 
ghanistan as  a  freelance  journalist.  At  the 
time,  it  was  still  just  an  idea,  one  of  ques- 
tionable prudence  and  incomplete  prepara- 
tion, and  I'd  tried  to  be  discreet  with  my  plans 
in  case,  for  one  reason  or  another,  they  fell 
through.  Even  so,  somehow,  everyone  seemed 
to  know  Brodhead  was  talking  about  me. 

Getting  there  was  still  an  issue  when 
Brodhead  made  his  speech.  I  had  relied — 


naively,  as  it  turns  out — on  Duke  ponying 
up  some  cash  in  the  form  of  grants  or  a  fel- 
lowship, since  the  idea  had  been  so  well  re- 
ceived among  the  few  faculty  members  and 
administrators  with  whom  I  had  quietly 
shared  my  plans.  Brodhead  had  said  some- 
thing earlier  while  I  was  in  his  office  pre- 
paring for  an  alumni  event  I'd  been  asked 
to  take  part  in.  "Sometimes  the  most  im- 
portant things  we  do  in  life,  we  do  without 
an  institution  supporting  us."  Here  a  cyni- 
cal mind  reads  shrewd  jujitsu — a  seasoned 
tactician  appeasing  an  impressionable 
mind.  I  had  little  choice  but  to  embrace  it. 

And  so,  late  last  August,  I  went  to  my 
bank  and  withdrew  all  the  money  I'd  made 
writing  throughout  college.  I  was  literally 
going  for  broke,  and,  grasping  for  humor  to 
assuage  the  anxiety,  I  asked  the  teller  to 
give  me  my  money  in  a  metal  suitcase  with  a 
combo  lock.  She  smiled  feebly,  and  instead 
offered  a  manila  envelope  and  a  bundle  of 
bills  that  fit  easily  into  one  fist. 

I  once  heard  the  parade  of  young  jour- 
nalists who  marched  into  Afghanistan 
during  the  Soviet  occupation  described 
as  manifestations  of  Hemingway,  ful- 
filling a  gloriously  distorted  notion  of  what 
it  meant  to  be  a  man.  And  that  was  me, 
twenty  years  later,  coming  to  watch  war 
and  consume  culture  like  a  tourist.  My  sen- 
ior year  at  Duke  became  a  two-semester  en- 
deavor to  justify  the  journey  to  myself  and 
those  around  me,  which  was  more  than 
anything  an  exercise  in  the  selective  disre- 
gard of  well-meaning  advice. 

Finally,  I  found  my  rationalization  in  a 
Vanity  Fair  story  that  mentioned  the  2005 
terrorist  attacks  on  the  London  subway, 
which  I  ripped  out  and  inked  up  with  a  circle 
around  the  following  line:  ". .  .the  7/7  bomb- 
ings, which  killed  52  civilians  (including  a 
young  Afghan,  At[t]ique  Sharifi,  who  had 
fled  to  London  to  escape  the  Taliban) . . .." 
I  learned  that  Sharifi  had  a  younger  sis- 
ter, Farishta,  he  never  saw  again  after  leav- 
ing the  northern  city  of  Mazar-e-Sharif  in 
2002,  though  it  was  her  he  sent  all  his  spare 
money  to;  Farishta,  really,  the  one  for  whom 
he'd  made  the  journey  in  the  first  place. 

So  I'd  go  find  the  story  of  the  boy  in  the 
parentheses,  first  landing  in  London  (where 
I  found  enough  to  publish  a  feature  for 
Esquire  UK),  and  then  I'd  head  to  Afghan- 
istan, freelance  awhile,  maybe  find  a  devel- 
opment project  to  attach  myself  to,  and 
when  the  time  was  right,  go  north  to  find 
Farishta.  In  the  little  litigations  in  my 


Adukemagazine.duke.edu 


mind,  this  was  how  I  argued  away  the  risks, 
though  I  had  no  illusions  about  the  fact 
that  my  postgraduate  trajectory  had  been 
determined  by  a  dead  young  man  stuck  in  a 
sentence  as  an  afterthought. 

Members  of  my  family  resigned  themselves 
to  the  fact  that  the  white  Jewish  prodigal 
son  was  decamping  for  the  land  of  the  Tali- 
ban, and  when  it  came  time  for  me  to 
leave,  my  father,  who  has  always  indulged 
in  denial  about  the  dangers  faced  by  his 
children,  went  through  the  ritual  of  pack- 
ing me  a  first-aid  kit.  He  chose  the  clutch- 
sized  kind  with  tiny  Band- Aids,  best  suited 
for  minor  sewing  accidents. 

I  arrived  in  Kabul  amid  what  most  reports 
deemed  a  deteriorating  security  situation. 
The  surviving  hostages  from  the  bus  full  of 
Korean  missionaries  kidnapped  six  weeks 
before  had  just  been  freed  by  the  Taliban, 
and  the  country  had  been  allowed  a  brief 


Avian  exchange:  In  the  old  part  of  Kabul, 
birds  are  bought  and  sold  for  fighting  or  food. 


media-orchestrated  sigh  of 
optimism.  But  the  airport 
I  flew  into  was  bombed 
the  day  before  I  arrived.  I 
would  be  staying  initially 
in  a  fortified  compound 
belonging  to  one  of  the 
countless  NGOs  operating 
in  Afghanistan,  and  I  was 
told  as  a  matter  of  course 
which  room  was  the  stur- 
diest in  case  of  a  rocket 
attack.  It  was  advice  fur- 
nished with  the  same  du- 
bious air  I  imagined  Cold 
War  grade-school  teachers 
assumed  when  instructing 
their  students  to  hide 
under  desks  in  case  of  a  nuclear  attack — as 
if  a  slab  of  wood  could  deflect  an  atomic 
blast  wave  and  nuclear  fallout.  Likewise,  I 
had  little  confidence  the  mud-brick  walls 
around  me  would  offer  any  resistance  should 
it  start  raining  mortar  rounds. 


My  father  went 
through  the 
ritual  of  packing 
me  a  first-aid  kit. 
He  chose  the 
clutch-sized  kind 
with  tiny  Band- 
Aids,  best  suited 
for  minor  sewing 
accidents. 


I  made  Afghan  friends, 
because  I  had  no  bureau  and 
needed  people  to  look  after 
me.  I  saw  my  share  of  suicide 
bombings,  watched  how 
people  reacted  to  them,  went 
to  morgues  afterward  and  saw 
what  bombs  in  confined 
spaces  do  to  bodies.  I  went  to 
the  Iranian  border.  I  got 
arrested  getting  a  haircut. 
And  I  wrote  about  every- 
thing, for  Esquire  and  News' 
week,  a  piece  each  for 
Durham's  Independent  Weekly 
and  The  Philadelphia  Inquir- 
er, my  adopted  and  home- 
town papers,  respectively. 
Curiously,  no  one  attacked  the  com- 
pound I  stayed  in  upon  arriving  or  any  of 
the  other  hotels  or  guest  houses  I  lived  in. 
It  could  have  been  that  the  small  infantries 
of  security  guards  and  their  Russian  assault 
rifles  (both  holdovers  from  earlier  wars) 


DUKE  MAGAZINE    July- August  2008 


Emotional  survival 

in  Kabul  requires 

the  gradual  decay  of 

peripheral  vision. 

Within  weeks,  you're 

scolding  Bashir  the 

bartender  because  he 

can't  remember  how 

you  like  your  drink. 


dissuaded  potential  evildoers,  or  just  that 
no  one  within  shooting  distance  wished  us 
ill  will.  The  Taliban  later  stepped  up  its 
stabs  in  the  capital,  attacking  a  hotel  fre- 
quented by  Westerners  and  using  the  free 
media  to  announce  its  designs  to  further 
target  establishments  where  Westerners 
congregate,  but  the  threats  of  follow-up 
attacks  never  materialized. 

Westerners  are  occasionally  kidnapped  in 
Kabul  for  ideological  reasons,  more  often 
economic  ones,  because  Afghanistan  is  poor 
and  its  people  don't  see  enough  of  the  aid 
money  sent  their  way.  Afghans  characterize 
the  foreign  presence  as  a  7,000-mile  game  of 
fetch:  The  West  throws  development  money 
at  Afghanistan;  Westerners  scurry  over  to 
bring  it  back.  Between  inflated  salaries  and 
expensive  security,  the  percentage  of  money 
that  makes  it  through  to  redevelopment  is 
offensively  low.  Meanwhile,  United  Nations 
SUVs  with  their  giant  phallic  antennas 
waving  about  are  the  Afghan  equivalent  of 
the  Toyota  Prius;  they're  all  over,  and  they 
confer  on  their  driver  an  exaggerated  sense 
of  moral  authority.  And  the  disproportion- 
ate distribution  of  aid  money  is  only  one 
reason  some  Afghans  believe  the  U.S.  wants 
instability  in  Afghanistan — it  needs  an  ex- 
cuse to  stay,  I'm  told,  so  its  military  is  well 
positioned  on  the  geopolitical  chessboard. 

Afghans  don't  for  the  most  part  blame 
every  Westerner,  and  they're  reluctant  to 
express  dissatisfaction  to  visitors  because 
they're  obsessive  about  their  hospitality. 
But  it  must  take  a  commendable  fortitude  to 
hold  back:  As  most  of  Kabul  still  lacks  run- 
ning water  and  electricity  for  most  of  the 
day,  foreigners  enjoy  a  vibrant  nightlife. 
Expats  go  to  bars  that  throw  salsa  nights 
and  happy  hours  that  Afghans  are  prohibit- 
ed from  patronizing  because  alcohol  is 
served.  So  the  hosts  are  entirely  absent 


from  the  social  scene  unless  they're  holding 
guns  at  the  doors  or  looking  ridiculous  in 
tuxedo  vests  behind  the  bar. 

While  surprised,  I  was  not  unprepared  to 
receive  the  following  e-mail  message  a,  few 
days  after  my  arrival:  "2  of  Kabul's  fiercest 
party  animals  are  about  to  leave  us  so  we're 
throwing  a  massive  end  o'  summer  leaving 
bash  to  give  them  a  sweet  and  proper  send 
off.  Music's  guaranteed  to  be  the  crispiest 
tunes  heard  this  side  of  the  Hindu  Kush, 
drinks  will  flow  and  it  should  be  a  wicked 
night  to  celebrate! !"  Below,  after  his  name 
and  contact  information,  the  sender's  auto- 
matic e-mail  signature  read,  "DFID,  the 
Department  for  International  Develop- 
ment: leading  the  British  government's 
fight  against  world  poverty." 

But  newcomers  soon  learn  what  it  means 
to  live  amid  war,  surrounded  by  people  who 
know  nothing  else.  Though  you're  thrown 
at  first  by  the  parties  peopled  by  overpaid 
expats — all  the  embarrassing  contrast  with 
what's  going  on  around  them — emotional 
survival  in  Kabul  requires  the  gradual  decay 
of  peripheral  vision.  If  you  see  everything, 
you're  paralyzed,  so  you  learn  to  look  ahead 
and  practice  forgetting.  And  within  weeks, 
you're  scolding  Bashir  the  bartender  because 
he  can't  remember  how  you  like  your  drink. 


On  nights  with  wind,  the  dust 
kicks  up  and  rolls  like  ghosts 
through  the  streets  of  Kabul; 
lamplight  escapes  from  cracks 
in  compound  walls  so  you 
can  see  the  spirits  at  your  feet.  Muslims  call 
their  ghosts  "jinns,"  and  when  the  dust  swirls 
through  houses  hollowed  by  rockets  and 
over  roads  carved  up  in  recent  wars  by  fallen 
artillery,  the  mind  wanders:  If  ever  there 
was  a  city  for  specters,  Kabul  is  it. 

One  Sunday,  I  watch  the  Kabul  night 
from  my  friend  Aimal's  roof.  Aimal  has  in- 
vited a  Canadian  journalist  to  dine  with  us, 
too — a  neophyte  uninitiated  to  reporting 
in  Afghanistan.  He  spends  the  evening 
pushing  food  around  his  plate  and  squirm- 
ing uncomfortably,  and  when  he  talks,  he 
betrays  embarrassment  for  having  chosen 
to  live  in  a  compound  that  Afghans  are  for- 
bidden to  enter,  and  for  coming  to  Kabul  for 
only  a  week  or  so  to  exploit  the  suffering  he 
sees  and  be  on  his  way.  He's  not  yet  come  to 
terms  with  the  fact  that  this  is  what  we  do 
here,  all  of  us,  no  matter  how  long  we  stay. 

Then  his  bowels  get  the  best  of  him.  "I 
have  to  leave,"  he  says,  "before  I  have  an 
emergency."  And  I  think  how  for  expats  in 
Afghanistan,  life  often  revolves  around  the 
gastrointestinal.  That  afternoon,  an  Afghan 


/.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


V 


friend  who'd  made  a  mistake  causing  me 
minor  frustration  wrote  an  e-mail  message 
to  apologize.  "I'm  sorry,"  he  wrote,  "for  the 
incontinence." 

Aimal's  mother  is  beautiful  in  her  own 
way,  a  weathered  woman  who's  managed 
to  maintain  her  grace  through  war.  Over 
the  course  of  several  meals  here,  I've  slowly 
drawn  her  out  of  the  kitchen.  The  first 
time,  she  only  showed  her  hands  while 
pushing  plates  through  the  curtained  door- 
way; the  second  time  she  came  out  to  greet 
us,  but  only  sheepishly,  and  was  gone  after 
a  moment.  Today  she  sits  with  us  before  we 
eat,  and  when  I  leave,  I'm  taken  aback 
when  she  offers  her  hand  to  shake. 

On  the  roof,  one  of  Aimal's  brothers 


points  to  where  Jamiat-e-Islami  fighters 
rolled  their  tanks  up  against  the  walls  of  his 
house,  and  from  there  shelled  soldiers  on 
the  other  side  of  the  city.  He  gestures  across 
the  street  to  the  house  that  collapsed  under 
the  rain  of  rockets,  and  next  to  that  a  small 
bakery.  "Lots  of  people  died  there,"  he  says.  I 
ask  why  he  never  left,  and  he  says  he  did, 
for  a  time,  but  that  "our  lives  were  here." 
So  Aimal's  family  stayed.  They  watched 
houses  collapse  around  them  and  neighbors 
turned  inside  out  by  falling  artillery,  all  so 
that  they  could  continue  with  their  lives,  as 
long  as  their  lives  continued. 

He  tells  me  what  year  it  was  according  to 
the  Persian  calendar  when  the  worst  of  the 
war  was  happening  in  Kabul,  and  I  do  some 


Ancient  rituals,  modern  times:  legendary 

Blue  Mosque,  above,  at  center  of  Mazar-e-Sharif, 

believed  to  be  resting  place  for  prophet 

Mohammad's  son-in-law;  right,  taxis  use  all 

available  space;  below,  bombed  remains  of  formerly 

majestic  Darul  Aman  Palace. 


quick  math  in  my  head.  It  would  be  fifteen 
years  ago,  and  that  would  put  me  in  third 
grade,  right  around  the  time  I  was  mourn- 
ing the  Philadelphia  Phillies'  loss  in  the  '93 
World  Series. 

When  it  came  time  to  go  find 
Farishta,  I  hired  as  a  driver  a 
security  officer  from  an 
NGO,  a  former  mujahideen 
from  the  days  when  everyone  was,  and 
brought  along  my  friend  Melissa,  tall, 
blond,  and  feminist,  and  unapologetically 
all  three  in  a  country  where  laborers  and 
drivers  joke  that  they  know  no  word  for 
"woman,"  just  "girl  and  "wife." 

The  drive  from  Kabul  is  long,  up  through 
the  Hindu  Kush  mountains — "Indian  killer," 
it  means,  because  those  from  the  subconti- 
nent who  tried  to  traverse  them  never 
could.  But  the  range  was  tamed  by  Soviet 


DUKE  MAGAZINE    July- August  2008         45 


industrial  ambition,  Russian  tunnels  built 
in  the  '80s  with  typical  aesthetic  disregard, 
looking  like  freight  trains  fused  to  rock 
face.  Attique  Sharifi  made  this  drive  sever- 
al times  with  his  family,  back  and  forth 
from  Mazar-e-Sharif  to  Kabul,  while  they 
tried  to  outrun  the  metastasizing  violence. 

The  road  is  at  times  smooth,  at  times 
washed  or  bombed  out,  at  times  treacher- 
ous only  for  being  sliced  so  thinly  into  the 
mountains  with  such  a  long  way  to  fall.  We 
pass  rusting  Soviet  tanks  adopted  as  inevi- 
table elements  of  the  country's  terrain — the 
leftovers  of  Soviet  imperialism  combined 
with  the  singular  resourcefulness  of  the 


a  weathered  red  that  matches  the  moun- 
tains— it's  as  though  God  chose  his  color 
scheme  for  this  scar  in  the  earth  and  then 
demanded  uniformity. 

It  took  going  to  find  Farishta  for  me  to 
finally  see  Afghanistan's  natural  beauty,  the 
stuff  that  fills  the  journals  of  the  hippies 
who  came  a  million  years  ago  to  smoke 
opium  and  marvel  at  the  mountains. 


F 


Prosperity  ahead:  Boys  watch  wool  merchant 
calculate  revenue  in  town  of  Ghazni,  important 
supplier  to  the  country's  carpet-making  industry. 

Afghan  people  yields  an  exploitative  kind 
ot  survival.  Abandoned  tanks  are  stripped 
of  their  wheel  assemblies,  their  treads 
unraveled  across  the  roads  to  serve  as  speed 
bumps,  their  hulls  cut  for  scrap  metal  to 
become  roofs  and  walls. 

The  car  engine  overheats  on  the  climb, 
and  we  spend  an  unplanned  night  locked 
in  a  hotel  room  in  Baghlan,  where  six  par- 
liamentarians and  dozens  of  civilians  will 
die  in  a  bombing  a  month  later. 

The  next  day,  we  leave  for  the  final  leg, 
moving  through  hamlets  gouged  into 
mountainsides.  Dawn  lights  the  rock  faces 
we  pass  by  so  that  they  glow  crimson;  we're 
far  from  the  pollution  of  Kabul  now,  and  it 
seems  that  once  the  mountains  have  the 
full  cooperation  of  the  afternoon  sun,  they 
just  might  become  incandescent.  The 
awnings  on  the  makeshift  shops  clustered 
intermittently  throughout  the  valley  are  all 


arishta  Sharifi  sits  silent,  visibly  un- 
comfortable in  the  presence  of  an 
unrelated  male.  Fahim  sits  in  the 
room  as  well;  he  is  their  half-broth- 
hers  and  Attique's.  I  suspect  he's  the 


It  takes  a 
year  to 
convince 
yourself  you 
know  the 
country 
and  two  to 
realize  you 
never  will. 


product  of  a  second  marriage,  though  I 
don't  know  how  to  broach  the  subject.  The 
distance  I've  traveled  has  left  me  wordless; 
when  the  need  for  profundity  is  most  press- 
ing, it's  often  the  least  accessible.  I  show 
Farishta  pictures  of  my  family,  of  my  dog, 
and  of  the  woman  in  London  who  adopted 
her  brother  before  he  died.  I  give  her  a 
watch  my  sister  picked  out  for  her  months 
before,  and  Farishta  gives  me  a  handmade 
purse  to  take  home  in  return.  I  get  the 
sense  it's  the  nicest  thing  she  owns. 

Still,  despite  the  pleasantries,  every  time 
my  eyes  meet  hers  I  feel  I've  trespassed, 
repeated  violations  forgiven  only  because 
I'm  a  guest  and  therefore  something  sacred 
myself.  I  try  not  to  look  at  her,  defer  to  the 
fact  that  Fahim  is  gatekeeper.  Months  be- 
fore, during  my  first  night  in  Afghanistan, 
I'd  climbed  the  wall  of  my  compound  and 
looked  down  at  the  family  in  the  mud-brick 
house  below,  snapping  pictures  of  the 
young  girls  dancing  across  rubble  and 
rooftops  with  dark  faces  and  brightly  colored 


clothes.  They  noticed  me,  smiled  and  per- 
formed, and  then  their  kneeling  father 
turned  and  gave  me  a  look  like  I'd  taken 
something  precious  from  him  and  smashed 
it  at  my  feet.  Not  anger,  but  resignation, 
because  there  was  nothing  to  be  done  now, 
and  pain  because  he'd  been  powerless  to 
prevent  it.  An  early  education  in  the 
destructive  power  of  looking. 

We  are  in  the  family's  receiving  room, 
where  guests  come  to  sit  on  carpets  and 
drink  tea.  It  is  only  by  special  request  and 
sustained  pressure  that  Farishta  is  let  into 
the  room,  which  she  has  likely  not  been  in 
since  she  was  young  enough  to  be  comfort- 
ably androgynous — though  it  is  a  room  in 
her  own  house,  which  is  small  and  overrun 
by  her  half-siblings  and  their  expanding 
families.  And  when  other  guests  do  arrive, 
Farishta  vanishes  behind  the  curtain  door- 
way after  only  fifteen  minutes  of  stilted 
conversation,  though  I  have  come  many 
miles  to  see  her. 

I  hadn't  been  prepared  for  the  meeting.  I'd 
expected  it  to  be  difficult — I  was  there  be- 
cause of  her  brother's  death.  Instead,  I  found 
myself  chafing  under  the  willful  imprison- 
ment I'd  walked  into,  feeling  like  whatever 
the  walls  were  made  of,  they  were  fragile, 
and  I  was  straining  them  just  by  being  there. 
Looking  back  to  wave  after  Fahim  walked  me 
out,  I  saw  Farishta  again,  an  insubstantial 
silhouette  in  the  shadows  behind  the  door. 

Back  in  Kabul:  From  my  window 
one  morning,  I  watch  three 
Afghan  men  and  a  boy  on  the 
roof  of  a  compound  across  the 
way  laboring  to  unroll  concertina  wire. 
They  pull  up  their  sleeves  and  reach 
through  the  razors  with  needle-nose  pliers, 
as  if  picking  berries  from  a  thorny  bush. 
They  try  to  avoid  opening  their  skin  on 
the  blades  while  they  install  discourage- 
ment for  their  brothers. 

It's  ultimately  a  futile  exercise,  probably 
even  counterproductive.  Afghans  tell  me 
they  walk  by  houses  a  hundred  times  with- 
out looking  twice;  only  when  the  walls  get 
topped  with  something  sharp  do  they  know 
foreigners  live  inside.  Likewise,  the  concrete 
blocks  set  in  the  streets  in  front  of  houses 
forcing  vehicles  to  approach  in  a  slow  slalom 
advertise  the  presence  of  high-value  targets. 
These  are  the  places  where  those  so  inclined 
know  that  a  grenade  lobbed  over  the  walls 
will  likely  find  something  worth  hitting. 

But  such  are  the  controls  commissioned 
by  foreigners  who  rarely  understand  the 


'.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


environment  they're  operating  in.  A  friend 
who's  been  in  and  out  of  Afghanistan  since 
serving  as  a  Peace  Corps  volunteer  forty 
years  ago  likes  to  say  it  takes  a  year  to  con- 
vince yourself  you  know  the  country  and 
two  to  realize  you  never  will.  What  then 
can  we  know  about  the  wars  fought  here 
and  those  who  fight  them? 

We  watch  cable  news,  click  website  head- 
lines that  shock  us;  maybe  we  read  the 
newspaper,  and  we  place  our  unrestrained 
faith  in  those  of  us  who  are  there,  sending 
wars  home  in  minutes-long  video  packages 
and  a  few  inches  of  newsprint.  We  concede 
that  this  is  not  enough  to  understand  how 
it  is  over  there,  or  we  allow  ourselves  to  be 
deluded  into  thinking  it  is.  When  people 
spoke  of  Attique  Sharifi  in  the  weeks  after 
his  death  in  the  London  subway  bombings, 
in  brief  biographies  in  the  British  media, 
everyone  parroted  a  recurrent  theme, 
one  of  the  deliciously  confounding  little 
Shakespearean  ironies  that  made  up  all  the 
component  parts  of  his  life:  that  he  had 
come  to  London  fleeing  Islamic  extremism. 

The  truth  is  maybe  less  compelling,  but 
I'd  venture  to  say  more  important:  Sharifi 
left  Afghanistan  because  his  family  needed 
money.  Because  even  before  the  Taliban  took 
his  city,  his  country  was  forgotten.  Dan  Ra- 
ther reporting  in  robes  from  the  Khyber  Pass, 
inspiring  a  larger-than-life  Texas  Congress- 


man to  adopt  the  fight  as  his  own — this 
was  a  distant  memory.  When  the  Afghan 
resistance  triumphed  in  1989,  the  images  of 
Soviet  tanks  snaking  their  way  out  of  the 
country  gave  the  era  the  kind  of  neat  fade 
to  black  it  needed  to  be  forgotten,  and  so 
Afghanistan  had  long  since  slipped  from 
the  consciousness  of  just  about  everybody 
outside  the  country.  And  as  the  tide  of 
media  attention  turned,  the  money  dried 
up,  post-conflict  reconstruction  never  really 
materialized,  and  there  was  no  legitimate 
effort  to  help  a  crippled  economy  manned 
by  crippled  people  and  diminished  families. 

In  2002,  just  as  the  Western  press  was 
waking  from  its  self-imposed  Afghanistan 
blackout,  Attique's  mother  sold  the  small 
plot  of  land  the  family  had,  gave  most  of 
the  money  to  a  smuggler  and  sewed  the  rest 
in  the  waist  of  Attique's  pants,  and  sent 
him  away  to  support  the  family  from  a 
place  where  he  might  find  work,  if  he  sur- 
vived the  trip. 

And  here  was  one  of  the  untruths  en- 
demic in  incomplete  reportage,  incomplete 
not  just  in  the  journalistic  sense  but  also  in 
the  existential  one.  Sometimes,  we  fight 
wars  with  and  against  people  we  allow  our- 
selves to  misunderstand,  against  societies 
we  impugn  for  veiling  their  women,  though 
we  have  willingly  submitted  to  veiling  our- 
selves, just  about  all  of  us.  ■ 


Pieces  from  the  past:  Burial  place  of  Mohammed 
Nadir  Khan,  king  of  Afghanistan  from  1929  until 
his  assassination  in  1933,  has  been  gutted  by  years 
of  civil  war,  above;  author  Stern  on  one  of  his  first 
days  in  the  country,  standing  outside  Ministry  of 
Foreign  Affairs,  below. 


Stem,  a  freelance  writer  based  in  Afghanistan, 
also  serves  as  acting  Afghanistan  director 
of  the  Goldman  Sachs  "10,000  Women" 
initiative,  aimed  at  helping  women  develop 
the  skills  and  networks  necessary  to  succeed 
in  private  enterprise . 

Read  Stern's  blog  posts:  www.dukemagazine.edu 


DUKE  MAGAZINE    July- August  2008         47 


Among  colleges 
and  universities, 
financial  aid  has 
become  both  a  means 
to  ensure  access 
and  an  arena  of 
competition.  Experts 
debate  whether 
more  generous 
commitments  will 
change  campuses- 
and  society. 


The  Best, 
the  Brightest, 
and  the  Neediest? 


By  Robert  J.  Bliwise 
Illustrations  by  Kazu  Nitta 

Two  decades  ago,  Charles  Clotfelter,  a 
Duke  public  policy  professor,  came 
out  with  a  book  called  Buying  the  Best. 
The  book's  subtitle  promised  a  look  at 
"Cost  Escalation  in  Elite  Higher  Education" 
— an  exercise  that  Clotfelter  embarked  on 
by  probing  the  inner  workings  of  selective 
colleges  and  universities,  including  Duke. 

Clotfelter  '69  began  by  citing  a  front-page 
headline  in  The  New  York  Times,  from  1987: 
"Tuitions  Hit  New  Peak,  Igniting  a  Bitter 
Debate."  One  reason  for  those  high  tui- 
tions, he  observed,  was  the  fact  that  "each 
research  university  is  locked  in  continual 
battle  with  its  competitors,"  or  "an  all-en- 
compassing striving  for  excellence."  At  the 
same  time,  affluent  households  were  doing 
better  than  ever,  the  economic  returns  from 
a  college  education  were  becoming  more  ap- 
parent, and  top  students  were  flocking  to  a 


small  set  of  elite  institutions.  Given  the  per- 
ceived benefits  of  an  elite  education,  stu- 
dents weren't  particularly  price-sensitive — 
irrespective  of  angry  newspaper  reports. 

Today  Clotfelter  has  a  good  laugh  when 
told  of  an  iconic — and  ironic — bumper 
sticker  spotted  on  an  SUV  driving  near 
campus:  "My  kid  and  my  money  go  to 
Duke."  In  his  book,  he  documented  the  fact 
that  financial  aid  was  growing  faster  than 
any  other  category  of  campus  spending. 
Economists  think  of  financial  aid  as  a  form 
of  price  discrimination,  he  says,  a  term  that 
refers  to  charging  different  customers  differ- 
ent prices.  Merit  aid,  which  is  a  relatively 
small  component  of  Duke's  overall  aid  pic- 
ture but  which  plays  a  bigger  role  at  less 
selective  institutions,  overtly  offers  a  price 
break  to  attract  a  certain  kind  of  student. 
Need-based  aid  does  that  more  subtly. 

Are  the  rich,  as  they  absorb  hefty  college 
fees,  transferring  income  to  the  less-wealthy? 
"Well,  yes  and  no,"  says  Clotfelter.  "Every- 
body, even  someone  paying  full  tuition,  is 


not  paying  the  full  cost  of  education,  be- 
cause everybody's  education  is  being  subsi- 
dized by  endowment.  If  some  are  paying 
more  than  others,  even  the  ones  who  are 
paying  more  are  arguably  getting  a  bargain." 
Need-based  aid  is  defensible,  he  says,  for 
hard-headed  reasons  and  not  just  on  the 
basis  of  social  equity.  "You  can  view  finan- 
cial aid  of  this  sort  as  being  a  guarantor  of 


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the  'brand.'  It  protects  the  quality  of  the 
degree.  If  it  were  the  case  that  the  only  way 
you  could  get  a  Duke  degree  would  be  by 
paying  the  full  price,  so  you  could  come 
here  only  if  you  were  affluent,  that  would 
diminish  the  value  of  what  we're  doing." 
Society  gives  more  credit  to  distinctions 
earned  through  merit,  he  says,  than  to  dis- 
tinctions gained  through  wealth.  So  to  be 


thought  of  as  an  institution  for  the  wealthy 
is  to  carry  a  pejorative  label. 

Clotfelter  observes,  too,  that  those  asso- 
ciated with  higher  education,  and  presum- 
ably many  in  the  broader  society  as  well, 
believe  strongly  that  "students  learn  some- 
thing that  can't  be  taught  in  lectures  and 
read  in  books  from  being  around  people 
who  are  different  from  themselves."  Diver- 


sity in  all  forms,  including  socioeconomic 
diversity,  becomes  another  aspect  of  the 
"branding"  strategy,  another  way  to  be  de- 
livering (and  to  be  seen  as  delivering)  a 
superior  education. 

Now  higher  education's  implicit  social 
contract  is  being  expressed  with  new  vigor. 
And  in  the  branding  competition,  the  gap 
is  growing  between  the  institutional  "haves 


DUKE  MAGAZINE    July- August  2008 


and  the  have-mores,"  in  the  words  of  Chris- 
toph  Guttentag,  Duke's  dean  of  undergrad- 
uate admissions. 

In  2001,  Princeton  University,  enjoying 
an  enviable  endowment-per-student  figure, 
eliminated  all  loans  and  replaced  them  with 
grants — acknowledging,  and  accommodat- 
ing, the  upper  middle  class  as  well  as  the 
economically  disadvantaged.  Then,  late  last 
year,  "the  bidding  war,"  as  a  New  York  Times 
article  put  it,  took  on  a  new  character,  with 
a  flurry  of  aid  announcements  from  Brown, 
Cornell,  and  Stanford  universities,  Amherst, 
Williams,  and  Dartmouth  colleges,  and  many 
others.  This  spring  the  Times'  education  sup- 
plement presented  Harvard  University  pres- 
ident Drew  Gilpin  Faust  in  the  guise  of 
Crazy  Eddie,  the  iconic  king  of  retail  dis- 
counting. The  cover  showed  Faust  popping 
out  of  a  banner  that  read,  "Our  prices  are 
insane!  Buy  now,  don't  pay  later.  Up  to  100 
percent  off.  We  can't  be  undersold." 

These  were  the  first  financial-aid  an- 


nouncements to  "hit  the  front  pages,"  says 
Robert  Shireman,  president  of  the  Institute 
for  College  Access  and  Success.  "Certainly 
at  the  lower-income  side — under  $40,000, 
$60,000,  or  even  $80,000— most  of  these 
colleges  have  had  pretty  good  policies.  Yet 
you  still  had  a  lot  of  families  saying,  forget 
it,  there's  no  way  we  could  pay  for  an  expen- 
sive college.  So  now  that  these  elite  colleges 
have  made  announcements  that  are  clearer 
and  crisper  and  reach  somewhat  higher  up 
in  income  level,  we  may  have  made  some 
progress  in  getting  out  the  message  to  low- 
and  middle-income  families  as  well." 

If  Harvard  couldn't  be  undersold,  Duke 
had  the  edge,  at  least,  in  promptness.  Duke 
beat  out  official  word  of  the  Harvard  finan- 
cial-aid expansion  by  two  days  when,  in 
early  December,  trustees  unveiled  a  new 
plan.  It  eliminates  the  expectation  of 
parental  contributions  for  families  with 
incomes  less  than  $60,000  a  year;  students 
from  families  with  incomes  below  $40,000 


In  recent  years,  only 

11  percent  of  children 

from  the  poorest 

families  have  earned 

college  degrees, 

compared  with 

53  percent  of  children 

from  an  income 

bracket  in  the  top  fifth. 


■ 


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can  now  graduate  debt-free.  The  university 
budgeted  about  $73  million  for  all  forms  of 
undergraduate  financial  aid  this  past  aca- 
demic year — need-based  aid,  athletic  schol- 
arships, and  merit  scholarships.  Officials 
project  spending  some  $86  million  next  year. 

Duke  president  Richard  H.  Brodhead 
highlighted  financial  aid  in  his  inaugural 
address  in  the  fall  of  2004-  Since  then  the 
university  has  embarked  on  a  $300  million 
Financial  Aid  Initiative,  and  has  also  en- 
joyed record  earnings  on  endowment — es- 
tablishing a  bigger  financial  base  for  a  big- 
ger vision. 

That's  an  attractive  vision  to  Jim  Belvin, 
who  is  about  to  retire  after  thirty-two  years 
as  director  of  financial  aid  and  who  has  pre- 
sented "Paying  for  College"  seminars  for 
middle-school  students  and  parents  around 
the  country.  The  latest  shift  may  be  an  ap- 
propriate career  culmination,  but  Belvin 
says  Duke  has  been  "incrementally  improv- 
ing" its  aid  program  for  a  decade  or  so,  most 
recently  by  extending  aid  to  cover  summer 
enrichment  experiences  and  making  inter- 
national students  aid-eligible.  With  the 
December  announcement,  "We  wanted  to 
send  the  message  to  students  and  their  fam- 
ilies that  Duke  is  affordable."  Low-income 
families  are  debt-averse,  Belvin  says.  "So  we 
also  wanted  to  remove  the  perception  that 
they  were  going  to  see  their  child  leave  here 
with  great  amounts  of  debt." 

By  the  terms  of  Harvard's  plan,  students 
whose  parents  make  $120,000  to  $180,000 
will  pay,  on  average,  10  percent  of  that  in- 
come. The  percentage  declines  steadily  for 
families  making  less  until  hitting  zero  at  the 
$60,000  mark.  Harvard  no  longer  considers 
home  equity  in  determining  financial  need.  | 
"If  you  look  at  what  Harvard  did,  that's  huge,  < 
a  huge  cut  in  price,  for  a  lot  of  people  who  .1 
are  clearly  not  poor  or  middle-income,"  says  1 
Sandy  Baum,  a  senior  analyst  with  the  Col-  J 
lege  Board  and  an  economics  professor  at  i 
Skidmore  College.  "That's  not  what  most  f 
schools  did.  Many  of  the  other  initiatives  say  (' 
that  if  your  family  income  is  less  than 
$40,000  or  $50,000  a  year,  you  don't  have  to 
pay  anything  to  come  to  our  school.  That's 
what  really  helps  the  low-income  students." 

Yale  University's  version  of  a  helping  ini- 
tiative reduces  average  costs  by  more  than 
half  for  families  with  need.  At  MIT,  the  dean 
for  undergraduate  education  framed  a  new 
aid  policy  with  the  statement  that,  for  eligi- 
ble undergraduates,  tuition  bills  will  ap- 
proximate "the  in-state  cost  of  many  public 
universities."  When  Stanford  added  to  the 


Tuition  Free,  Loan  Free,  Debt  Free 

For  the  2008-9  academic  year,  many  elite  colleges  and  universities  are  offering  more  generous 

financial-aid  packages  for  families  with  demonstrated  need. 

Bars  show  the  income  at  which  a  family  qualifies  for  the  aid  initiative,  assuming  typical  assets. 

Any  income  level 
$40,000  or  below  $50,000  $60,000  $75,000  $90,000  $100,000 


Amherst  • 

Bowdoin  • 

Claremont  McKenna  ■ 

Colby  ■ 

Columbia  ' 

Dartmouth  : 

Davidson  . 

Harvard  ; 

Haverford  ■ 

Pomona  ■ 

Princeton  • 

Stanford  ■ 

Swarthmore  ■ 

Williams  ■ 

Yale  ■ 

Brown  ■ 

University  of  Pennsylvania  : 

M.I.T.  : 

California  Institute  of  Technology  ■ 

Cornell  ■ 

Rice  ■ 

University  of  Chicago  ■ 

Vassar  ■ 

Washington  University  in  St.  Louis  ■ 

Wellesley  • 

Emory  ■ 

Lafayette  ■ 

Lehigh  ■ 

College  of  William  and  Mary  ■ 

Duke  ' 

Indiana  University  Bloomington*  ■ 

Tufts  ■ 

University  of  Florida  ■ 

University  of  North  Carolina*  : 

University  of  Virginia*  : 

Wesleyan  ■ 


array  of  announcements  this  past  winter,  its 
financial-aid  director  said,  "We  heard  very 
clearly  from  our  parents,  especially  parents 
that  considered  themselves  middle  income, 
that  the  amount  that  we  expected  from 
them  was  very  difficult." 

The  Stanford  plan  prompted  an  apprecia- 
tive editorial  in  the  Duke  Chronicle.  "As 
students,  we  are  fortunate  enough  to  witness 
a  financial-aid  arms  race  among  institutions 
of  higher  education,"  according  to  the  edi- 


Grants  replace  loans 

The  institution  covers  the  gap 
between  the  cost  of  college  and 
what  the  family  can  afford  to  pay, 
rather  than  asking  the  student  or 
family  to  take  on  debt.  The  grants 
can  go  for  tuition,  room  and  board, 
or  other  expenses. 

Free  tuition 

Full  cost  of  tuition  is  waived,  and 
possibly  other  expenses  like  room 
and  board  or  books. 

Parents  pay  nothing 

Parents  will  not  contribute  anything 
to  the  cost  of  their  child's  education, 
although  students  are  often 
expected  to  contribute  several 
thousand  dollars,  usually  through 
work-study  programs  or  from 
summer  earnings. 
"Pegged  to  the  federal  poverty  level. 


torial,  which  also  speculated  that  students 
might  "go  simply  where  the  money  is."  Be- 
cause of  Duke's  "relatively  small  endow- 
ment," the  editorial  went  on,  "we  simply  can- 
not keep  up  with  our  academic  peers  in 
financial-aid  spending." 

Of  course,  the  set  of  Duke's  "academic 
peers"  is  narrow  and  a  "small  endowment" 
is,  indeed,  a  relative  concept.  Duke's  $5.9- 
billion  endowment  as  of  June  2007  falls  well 
below  Harvard's  $34.6  billion,  but  still  ranks 


DUKE  MAGAZINE    July- August  2008         51 


fifteenth  among  colleges  and  universities 
nationwide.  "This  is  not  the  beginning  of  a 
new  trend,  but  the  acceleration  of  a  contin- 
uing trend,"  says  Tony  Pals,  director  of  pub- 
lic information  for  the  National  Association 
of  Independent  Colleges  and  Universities 
(NAICU).  "But  now  it's  snowballing.  We've 
seen  what  those  institutions  with  large 
endowments,  like  Harvard  and  Duke,  have 
been  able  to  do.  Smaller  institutions  with 
smaller  endowments  have  also  been  taking 
steps  to  enhance  their  affordability;  en- 
hancing affordability  is  at  the  top  of  every 
institution's  list.  But  they  simply  can't  do 
what  the  elite  schools  have  done.  They  don't 
have  the  financial  resources  to  do  that." 

Just  as  the  Chronicle  editorial  appeared, 
the  president  of  Lafayette  College  in  Penn- 
sylvania, Daniel  H.  Weiss,  sent  a  letter  to 
college  supporters.  "The  national  dialogue 
about  access  and  affordability  that  these 
decisions  have  engendered  is,  in  my  view, 
healthy  and  welcome,"  he  wrote.  "I  am  con- 
cerned, however,  about  the  fundamental 
division  that  is  being  created  between  the 
majority  of  America's  colleges  and  universi- 
ties and  the  handful  of  super-wealthy  schools 
— schools  that  have  benefited  from  extraor- 
dinary resources  for  generations — that  have 
now  shifted  their  orientation  from  market- 
based  economics  to  resource-based  eco- 
nomics. As  proud  as  we  are  of  Lafayette's 
endowment  [now  about  $775  million],  we 
simply  cannot  match  the  actions  of  a  school 
like  Harvard,  which  benefits  from  an 
endowment  of  around  $35  billion." 

Conversations  about  access  and  af- 
fordability aren't  particularly  new  in 
college  admissions,  says  Duke's  Gut- 
tentag.  "Even  when  I  started,  twen- 
ty-five years  ago,  this  was  a  subject  of  con- 
versation within  admissions  offices.  How- 
ever, when  it  cost  $20,000  to  go  to  college,  I 
think  it  was  easier  for  low-income  and  mod- 
erate-income families  to  conceptualize  shrink- 
ing that  gap  between  their  income  or  their 
assets  and  the  costs  of  attending  college."  In 
terms  of  percentage  of  family  income,  "The 
gap  may  not  be  any  bigger,"  he  adds.  "But  in 
pure  dollars,  it  looks  bigger." 

"The  other  thing  is  there's  a  greater  bur- 
den on  the  schools  now  to  provide  financial 
aid,  because  the  federal  government  is  pro- 
viding less.  If  you  look  at  the  percentage 
change  of  school-based  rather  than  govern- 
ment-based financial  aid,  you  see  a  signifi- 
cant shift." 

On  campuses,  the  income  gap  is  now  seen 


in  sharper  relief,  says  Richard  D.  Kahlenberg, 
a  senior  fellow  with  the  Century  Foundation 
and  editor  of  America's  Untapped  Resource: 
Low-Income  Students  in  Higher  Education. 
Kahlenberg  notes  that  a  visitor  is  twenty- 
five  times  more  likely  to  run  into  a  rich  stu- 
dent than  a  poor  student  on  the  nation's 
elite  campuses.  Just  10  percent  of  students  at 
those  institutions  come  from  the  bottom  half 
of  the  socioeconomic  spectrum.  Kahlenberg 
calls  such  findings  "extraordinary,"  especial- 
ly given  that  they  don't  represent  any  "dif- 
ferences in  innate  talent  among  the  differ- 
ent groups." 

Kahlenberg  commends  higher  education 
for  having  grappled  with  the  scarcity  of  ra- 
cial diversity.  "But  there  hasn't  been  the  same 
recognition  of  the  importance  of  economic 


status."  Elite  institutions  are  "populated  by 
good  liberals  who,  appropriately,  care  about 
racial  diversity,"  he  says.  Working-class  peo- 
ple have  not  commanded  their  attention, 
he  adds;  they're  not  seen  as  a  group  with  a 
history  of  struggle  for  validation.  So  their 
relatively  small  presence  on  campus  "does 
not  have  the  same  galvanizing  effect  as  the 
under-representation  of  students  of  color." 

Several  studies  have  found  that  economic 
affirmative  action  is  actually  far  more  popu- 
lar among  the  general  population  than 
other  forms  of  affirmative  action,  Kahlen- 
berg says.  He  cites  a  national  poll  conducted 
five  years  ago  by  the  Los  Angeles  Times.  By  a 
24-point  margin,  respondents  said  colleges 
should  not  take  into  account  the  ethnicity, 
gender,  or  geographic  location  of  applicants. 


In  the  same  poll,  by  a  majority  of  2  to  1,  re- 
spondents said  they  favored  giving  prefer- 
ences in  education  to  those  who  come  from 
"an  economically  disadvantaged  background," 
regardless  of  their  ethnicity  or  gender.  Kah- 
lenberg  says  the  findings  comport  with  tra- 
ditional ideas  "about  the  American  dream 
and  about  social  mobility  and  about  fairness 
and  deservedness  in  the  admissions  process." 
The  social-mobility  ideal  is  hardly  re- 
flected in  the  actual  college-admissions  pro- 
cess. In  the  admissions  competition,  "It's 
basically  a  wash  whether  you  are  low-in- 
come or  not.  It  doesn't  hurt  you,  but  it  cer- 
tainly doesn't  help  either,"  Kahlenberg  says. 
In  fact,  one  consequence  of  the  "need- 
blind"  policies  of  selective  schools — poli- 
cies that  separate  admissions  decisions  from 


financial-aid  awards — is  that  admissions 
officials  don't  probe  a  candidate's  financial 
circumstances.  The  elite  institutions  do  tend 
to  reward  alumni  ties  unabashedly,  even 
though,  according  to  Kahlenberg,  that,  too, 
is  an  unpopular  stance  among  the  public.  In 
Duke's  case,  a  "legacy"  candidate  has,  on  av- 
erage, double  the  chances  of  acceptance. 

This  past  spring,  The  Chronicle  of  Higher 
Education  reported  that  the  proportion  of  fi- 
nancially needy  undergraduates  at  the 
wealthiest  colleges  and  universities  dropped 
between  the  2004-05  and  2006-07  academ- 
ic years.  In  2004-05,  14-3  percent  of  the  un- 
dergraduates at  the  country's  seventy-five 
wealthiest  private  colleges  received  Pell 
Grants,  which  are  awarded  to  students  from 
families  with  annual  incomes  of  less  than 


With  the  current 


squeeze  on 

home  values,  the 

credit  crunch,  and  the 

price  spirals  in  the 

grocery  store  and  at  the 

gas  pump,  families  may 

be  finding  it  hard 

to  make  the  parental 

contribution  that's 

called  for  in  the  typical 

financial-aid  formulas. 


$40,000.  Two  years  later,  Pell  Grant  recip- 
ents  made  up  13. 1  percent  of  the  student  body 
at  those  schools.  For  Duke,  the  Pell  Grant 
percentage  in  2004-05  was  10.8;  it  was  9.5  per- 
cent two  years  later.  (The  federal  Pell  Grant 
program  has  its  own  problematic  aspects, 
even  as  the  number  of  Pell  Grant  recipients 
has  increased  over  the  years.  Twenty  years 
ago,  Pell  Grants  met  up  to  60  percent  of  to- 
tal tuition,  fees,  room,  and  board  at  the 
average  four-year  public  college  or  universi- 
ty. Today  the  figure  is  closer  to  33  percent.) 

Another  report,  prepared  by  the  Brook- 
ings Institution  and  sponsored  by  the  Pew 
Charitable  Trusts,  showed  that  in  recent 
years,  only  1 1  percent  of  children  from  the 
poorest  families  have  earned  college  de- 
grees, compared  with  53  percent  of  children 
from  an  income  bracket  in  the  top  fifth. 
The  Pew  report  also  accents  the  continuing 
tie  between  a  college  degree  and  social  mo- 
bility: A  college  graduate  from  a  family  in 
the  lowest  fifth  of  earners  has  a  62  percent 
chance  of  joining  at  least  the  middle  class. 

But  low-income  backgrounds  don't  charac- 
terize the  student  bodies  of  elite  colleges.  Like 
its  peer  institutions,  Duke  has  long  struggled 
to  overcome  the  notion  that  it  is  a  place  for 
the  wealthy.  Duke's  family-income  level  is 
high,  even  among  its  peer  schools.  According 
to  self-reported  data  from  last  year's  Duke  sen- 
iors, more  than  a  quarter  came  from  families 
with  incomes  of  $250,000  or  more.  There's 
a  considerable  concentration  on  the  other 
end  of  the  scale,  though:  Some  22  percent 
had  family  incomes  of  $75,000  or  less. 

"Is  Duke  a  rich  kids'  school?  Yes,  to  a  cer- 
tain extent  all  elite  universities  are  rich  kids' 
schools,"  says  Sam  Swartz,  who  graduated  in 
May  with  a  major  in  political  science,  a  cer- 
tificate in  global  health,  and  a  minor  in  in- 
ternational comparative  studies.  With  two 
other  seniors,  Swartz  wrote  a  guest  column  in 
The  Chronicle,  "New  Aid  Policy  Not  Enough." 
The  financial-aid  expansion  is  "a  great  boost 
for  the  school,"  he  says,  "but  the  biggest 
problem  is  getting  people  in  the  pipeline," 
that  is,  getting  students  from  lower-income 
families  to  apply.  Swartz  tutored  sixth-graders 
at  a  Durham  public  school.  He  was  struck 
by  their  responses  when  he  asked  where  they 
might  apply  to  go  to  college:  "Duke  is  just 
too  expensive."  Swartz  says,  "Duke  is  not 
even  on  their  radar,  and  it's  just  down  the 
road. 

"So  many  kids  come  here  from  these  real- 
ly rich  suburbs.  They  go  to  wealthy  public 
or  private  high  schools,  and  they  live  these 
really  cloistered  lives  of  privilege  in  these 


DUKE  MAGAZINE    July- August  2008 


elite  enclaves.  They  come  to  Duke,  and  they 
see  Durham  as  this  impoverished  place  that 
they  don't  want  to  have  anything  to  do  with; 
they  never  come  into  contact  with  people 
who  force  them  to  think  differently." 

Swartz  says  an  atmosphere  of  privilege 
influences  many  aspects  of  campus  life — 
how  often  students  go  out  to  eat,  where 
they  spend  their  breaks,  and  even  their 
choice  of  first  jobs,  since  they  want  to  buy 
into  campus-wide  notions  of  success.  He 
mentions  one  of  his  classes,  in  health  poli- 
cy, where  the  conversation  turned  to  the 
national  problem  of  obesity.  One  of  his  fel- 
low students  observed  that  the  solution 
would  be  for  everyone  to  shop  at  places  like 
Whole  Foods.  "Obviously,  she  never  went 
into  a  Piggly  Wiggly  and  saw  that  there  is 
no  organic-foods  section,  and  she  never 
thought  about  how  some  people  have  to  be 
concerned  about  maximizing  their  calories, 
which  may  lead  them  to  junk  food."  A  more 
representative  student  body  would  provide 
"a  more  realistic  educational  experience," 
Swartz  says. 

It's  not  surprising  that  the  economic  elite 
dominate  the  higher-education  elite — an 
illustration  of  the  longstanding  link  be- 
tween income  and  achievement.  According 
to  Guttentag,  "You  can  show  how  a  student 
from  an  advantaged  family  has  an  easier 
time  getting  a  higher  rating"  in  every  area 
in  which  candidates  for  Duke  admission  are 
considered.  "A  family  may  be  able  to  afford 
a  house  in  a  better  school  district.  The  stu- 
dent has  access  to  more  advanced  courses; 
that  affects  the  curriculum  rating.  If  the  stu- 
dent is  having  a  little  difficulty,  the  family 
can  hire  a  tutor,  and  that  affects  his  or  her 
grades.  Or  a  guidance  counselor  has  a  load 
of  100  students  instead  of  700  students. 
That  affects  the  counselor's  ability  to  advo- 
cate in-depth  for  the  student  in  a  recom- 
mendation letter. 

"We  all  know  about  the  correlations  be- 
tween test  scores  and  family  income.  And 
think  about  the  student  writing  a  college 
essay  and  doing  what  every  student  does, 
which  is  asking  his  or  her  friends,  parents, 
and  older  siblings  to  take  a  look  at  «k 
it.  Well,  imagine  if  they're  all  in 
families  where  there  are  graduates 
with  advanced  degrees,  where 
there  are  thousands  of  books  in  the 
home.  Then  imagine  if  the  par- 
ents, maybe,  don't  have  English  as 
a  first  language  and  finished  their 
education  at  high  school." 

Guttentag  says  his  office  is  con- 


stantly scrutinizing  its  recruiting  and  selec- 
tion criteria;  he's  interested  in  "casting  a 
wider  net,"  as  he  puts  it,  and  in  understand- 
ing the  context  in  which  a  particular  appli- 
cant has  performed.  "One  of  the  themes  we 
talk  about  in  our  office  is  distance  traveled: 
How  much  has  the  student  done  with  the 
opportunities  that  he  or  she  has  been 
given?"  In  the  most  recent  admissions  cycle, 
Duke  mailed  information  about  its  new 
financial-aid  programs  to  about  1,000  high 
schools  identified  as  having  low-income 
students  of  high  ability. 

If  higher  education  is  paying  more  atten- 
tion to  affordability,  that's  in  part  a  self- 
interested — or  a  preemptive — response 
to  the  anxiety  attached  to  a  slowing 
economy.  A  recent  statement  from  N  AICU 
said  "the  force  behind  colleges'  efforts"  in 
financial  aid  was  "consumer  concern  about 
rising  tuitions,  exacerbated  by  family  in- 
comes that  have  steadily  lost  ground  to  the 
Consumer  Price  Index  over  the  past  decade." 
With  the  current  squeeze  on  home  values, 
the  credit  crunch,  and  the  price  spirals  in 
the  grocery  store  and  at  the  gas  pump, 
families  may  be  finding  it 
hard  to  make  the  parental 
contribution  that's  called  for  in  the 
typical  financial-aid  formulas. 
At  the  same  time,  student  debt 


majority  of 
those  polled  favored 
giving  preferences  in 

education  to  those 
who  come  from 

"an  economically 
disadvantaged  back- 


has  been  growing,  notes  Robert  Shireman 
of  the  Institute  for  College  Access  and  Suc- 
cess. According  to  data  assembled  by  an  off- 
shoot of  his  organization,  the  Project  on 
Student  Debt,  at  private  universities  debt 
levels  for  graduating  seniors  with  student 
loans  nearly  doubled  from  $1 1,356  to  $22,125 
over  the  past  decade.  Nearly  two-thirds  of 
students  at  four-year  colleges  and  universi- 
ties now  graduate  with  student-loan  debt; 
in  1993,  less  than  one-half  of  college  gradu- 
ates had  student  loans.  Shireman  says  there's 
evidence  that  loan-repayment  burdens  dis- 
suade students  from  attending  graduate 
school  and  from  entering  public-service  ca- 
reers. He  says  he's  also  concerned  that  debt 
discourages  entrepreneurial  activity;  stu- 


wh# 


dents  may  choose  a  secure  job 
over  a  risk-taking  path. 

Student  debt  is  one  theme  that,  for  years, 
has  echoed  through  Congress.  There  have 
been  tough  questions  about  why  colleges 
and  universities  enjoy  tax-exempt  status 
even  as  their  endowments — along  with  their 
tuition  rates — are  growing.  This  past  winter, 
the  Senate  Finance  Committee  sent  a  de- 
tailed survey  to  136  of  the  nation's  wealthiest 
institutions.  The  fact-finding  letters,  cover- 
ing endowment-spending  and  financial-aid 
policies,  were  sent  by  Iowa  Republican  Sen- 
ator Charles  Grassley,  who  held  hearings 
last  fall  on  the  growth  of  college  endow- 
ments. "Tuition  has  gone  up,  college  presi- 
dents' salaries  have  gone  up,  and  endow- 
ments continue  to  go  up  and  up,"  Grassley 
said.  "We  need  to  start  seeing  tuition  relief 
for  families  go  up  just  as  fast." 

Replying  to  Grassley 's  request  on  behalf 
of  Duke,  President  Brodhead  made  a  clear 
link  between  tuition  and  financial  aid.  In 
the  interest  of  "providing  access  to  a  diverse 
socioeconomic  population,"  he  wrote,  "Duke 
has  long  held  a  policy  that  increases  in  its 
tuition  are  accompanied  by  a  greater  rate  of 
increase  in  financial  aid." 


■.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


Critics  of  higher  education  who  are  sym- 
pathetic to  Grassley  note  that  colleges  re- 
lentlessly hike  tuition  in  response  to  more 
than  financial-aid  demands.  Brodhead's  let- 
ter, in  explaining  Duke's  tuition  policy,  re- 
ferred to  a  "commitment  to  affordability" 
and  also  to  "programmatic  needs,"  "market 
factors  (relative  tuition  ranking,  strength  of 
student  demand),"  and  "alternative  revenue 
sources,"  notably  endowment  income.  As  the 
critics  see  it,  top-tier  institutions  pay  out  too 
modest  a  percentage  of  endowment  earn- 
ings— particularly  compared  with  the  extra- 
ordinary rates  of  return  that  their  endow- 
ments have  enjoyed.  "Covering  the  expenses 
of  low- income  and  working-class  students  is 
expensive,"  says  the  Century  Foundation's 
Kahlenberg,  adding  that  it  will  require  greater 

-^^^  federal  support  and  "will  also  re- 
^^r  quire  that  universities  make  fi- 
^^T  nancial  aid  a  higher  priority." 
<^^m  In  recent  years,  endowment  growth 
^^  has  been  a  high  priority,  and  a  certain- 
ty: The  endowments  of  seventy-six  colleges 
and  universities  have  reached  $1  billion  or 
more.  Private  foundations  are  required  to 
spend  a  minimum  of  5  percent  of  their 
endowments  a  year.  Colleges  and  universi- 
ties face  no  such  requirement,  and  many — 
including  some  that  have  led  with  the 
recent  financial-aid  announcements — have 
lower  payout  rates.  Over  the  last  decade, 
the  average  spending  rate  for  Harvard  was 
4.25  percent.  For  Princeton,  it  was  4-0  per- 
cent. For  Duke,  it  was  4-04  percent. 

The  growth  in  Harvard's  endowment  last 
year,  thanks  to  investment  income  as  well  as 


new  gifts,  was  $5.7  billion — a  sum  larger  than 
all  but  fourteen  other  universities'  total  en- 
dowments. (Harvard  estimates  the  annual 
cost  of  expanding  its  financial-aid  program 
to  be  $22  million,  just  a  fraction  of  its  annu- 
al earnings.)  Fewer  than  400  of  the  roughly 
4,500  colleges  and  universities  in  the  U.S. 
had  even  $100  million  in  endowments. 

Those  figures  illustrate  a  wealth  gap  that 
is  growing  more  appreciable  in  higher  edu- 
cation, just  as  it  is  in  society  broadly.  As 
Grassley's  line  of  questioning  suggests,  it 
may  be  harder  for  the  higher-education 
elite  to  argue  that  it  can't  afford  to  be  more 
affordable. 

Above  all  else,  higher  education's  focus 
on  access  may  reflect  a  social  imperative — 
or  recognition  of  demographic  reality.  Ap- 
plications to  selective  colleges  and  universi- 
ties reached  new  heights  this  year:  up  19 
percent  at  Harvard,  5  percent  at  Duke,  and 
2  percent  at  the  University  of  Pennsylva- 
nia, in  part  because  of  an  unprecedented 
swelling  in  the  high-school  population.  But 
the  next  decade  will  bring  a  decline  in  the 
number  of  affluent  high-school  graduates, 
along  with  an  increase  in  the  number  of 
poor  and  working-class  graduates. 

Demographers  project  a  national  decline 
of  10  percent  or  more  in  non-Hispanic 
white  students,  the  population  that  tradi- 
tionally is  most  likely  to  pursue  higher  edu- 
cation. They  foresee  a  double-digit  rise  in 
the  proportion  of  minority  students,  espe- 
cially Hispanics,  who  traditionally  have 
been  less  likely  to  attend  college  and  to  go 
into  debt  to  fund  education.  Colleges  and 


Duke's  Spending  on  Undergraduate  Need-Based  Aid  (in  millions) 


universities  will  be  recruiting,  then,  from  a 
different  pool  of  applicants — one  that  won't 
look  like  the  pool  that  Clotfelter  scrutinized 
in  the  1980s. 

That  applicant  pool  of  the  future  in- 
evitably will  be  needier,  says  Tom  Morten- 
son,  a  higher-education  policy  analyst  and 
senior  scholar  with  the  Pell  Institute  for  the 
Study  of  Opportunity  in  Higher  Education. 
(Mortenson  identifies  with  Senator  Gras- 
sley as  a  fellow  higher-education  watchdog; 
both  are  Iowans.)  Families  will  be  looking 
for  strong  signals  that  they  can  absorb  col- 
lege costs,  seemingly  approaching  stratos- 
pheric levels.  They're  not  likely  to  feel  as- 
sured, he  says,  until  higher  education  forges 
a  fuller  and  more  forceful  social  contract. 

The  rest  of  the  world  has  been  "furiously 
expanding  educational  opportunity  and  ed- 
ucational obtainment,"  in  his  view,  even  as 
the  U.S.  has  stood  still.  "In  this  country  we 
have  seen  income  brutally  reallocated  ac- 
cording to  educational  attainment.  I  think 
we  must  expect  that  this  will  occur  between 
countries  as  well.  The  question  of  who  gets 
a  college  degree  has  everything  to  say  about 
how  socially  healthy  and  vibrant  and  pros- 
perous and  cohesive  and  secure  we  are." 

Low-income  students  are  increasingly 
concentrated  in  community  colleges,  says 
Mortenson,  even  as  the  population  of  low- 
income  young  people  is  growing:  The  share 
of  kindergarten-to-twelfth-grade  enroll- 
ments approved  for  free  and  reduced-price 
school  lunches  has  grown  from  about  30 
percent  in  1989  to  45  percent  today.  In  a 
few  years,  if  the  trend  continues,  those 
needy  students  will  form  the  majority  of 
school  populations.  Will  they  then  be 
drawn,  say,  to  Duke? 

According  to  Mortenson,  the  U.S.  has 
been  veering  away  from  an  opportunity-ori- 
ented society.  The  shrinking  size  of  federal 
Pell  Grants,  declining  allocations  to  state 
universities,  and  rising  tuition  levels  across 
the  higher-education  landscape  are  prime 
indicators,  he  says.  As  an  undergraduate  at 
the  University  of  Minnesota  in  the  early 
1960s,  he  paid  $125  a  quarter — an  amount 
that  he  was  able  to  fund  through  summer 
earnings  and  by  becoming  the  university's 
very  first  work-study  student. 

In  essence,  he  shaped  his  own  financial- 
aid  initiative.  Today's  students  don't  have 
that  option.  ■ 

Tips  from  a  financial-aid  director 

on  navigating  financial  aid  in  today's  economy: 

www.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


DUKE  MAGAZINE    July- August  2008         55 


By  Matthew  Burns 


56  \vw\v.dukemaga:ine.duke.edu 


Ilidt  has  worked  for  nearly  forty  years  to  provide  decent, 

affordable  care  for  low-income  patients  "left  out  in  the  cold" 

by  the  traditional  health-care  system.  In  the  process  she's  turned  a 

modest  community  clinic  into  a  national  model. 


m 


The  parking  lot  at  Durham's  Lincoln 
Community  Health  Center  fills  quick- 
ly on  a  weekday  morning,  as  cars, 
taxis,  and  shuttle  buses  jockey  for  space. 
Boarded-up  houses  and  junked  cars  pock- 
mark  the  surrounding  neighborhood,  where 
the  poverty  rate  is  clearly  much  higher  than 
the  15  percent  countywide.  But  inside  the 
center,  the  mood  is  upbeat,  and  the  lobby 
and  halls  teem  with  activity.  Elderly  women 
talk  with  young  mothers,  men  swap  jokes, 
and  children  watch  videos  and  play  games 
as  they  wait  to  be  seen.  The  physicians  and 
nurses  in  Lincoln's  various  clinics  appear  to 
feed  off  the  energy,  speaking  a  rapid-fire  mix 
of  English  and  Spanish  as  they  move  in 
seemingly  synchronized  fashion  to  address 
patient  needs  quickly  and  efficiently. 

Far  from  the  action,  in  a  cramped  base- 
ment office  filled  with  medical  journals, 
bulging  file  folders,  and  stuffed  animals  from 
her  days  as  a  pediatrician,  center  director 
Evelyn  Schmidt  '47,  M.D.  '5 1  has  been  work- 
ing for  hours  on  proposals  to  keep  federal, 
state,  and  local  funds  flowing  to  Lincoln  so 
the  activity  upstairs  doesn't  stall.  "When  you 
have  a  mission,  the  bottom  line  is  just  one 
of  your  concerns,"  she  says. 

For  almost  four  decades,  the  mission  shared 
by  Schmidt  and  Lincoln  has  been  to  break 
through  the  often  grim  landscape  facing 
Durham's  underclass.  The  center  provides 
thousands  of  people  with  primary  medical 
care  that  they  otherwise  couldn't  afford — 
many  wouldn't  even  bother  to  seek  it  be- 
cause of  the  cost.  Of  the  more  than  34,000 
people  who  were  treated  at  the  center  last 
year,  for  example,  almost  85  percent  lived 
below  the  poverty  line  and  three-quarters 
had  no  health  insurance. 

"The  general  public  doesn't  recognize  the 
quality  of  care  Lincoln  provides  because  of 
who  they  serve  there,"  says  Joyce  Nichols, 
who  has  used  the  center  for  her  health-care 

Dedicated  dynamo:  Driven  by  the  imperative  of 
providing  high-quality  health  care,  eighty-two-year- 
old  Schmidt  shows  no  signs  of  slowing  down. 


needs  for  thirty-five  years.  "The  people  there 
don't  care  how  you're  dressed  or  how  you 
look  or  smell.  They  treat  you  with  respect, 
and  they  treat  you  as  well  as  or  better  than 
any  other  medical  provider  in  town." 

Schmidt  makes  sure  of  that.  Lincoln's  chief 
executive  since  shortly  after  it  opened  in 
1970,  she  possesses  a  commitment  to  serving 
the  poor  that  borders  on  a  passion  and  has 
become  the  center's  guiding  principle  in  a 
continually  changing  health-care  industry. 
Although  she  and  her  staff  readily  adjust  to 
the  times — Schmidt's  office  door  features  a 
picture  of  a  dinosaur  with  the  caption  "Adapt 
or  Die" — providing  high-quality  medical 
care  to  patients  on  the  margins  of  society  is 
the  steady  foundation  of  the  center. 

"Most  of  our  patients  have  been  pretty 
much  left  out  in  the  cold  by  the  health-care 
system,"  she  says.  "The  only  way  we're  going 
to  succeed  as  a  nation  is  if  we're  healthier 
and  better  educated — and  I  mean  everybody 
has  to  be  provided  for."  Durham,  she  says,  is 
"a  tale  of  two  cities,"  with  Duke  Medical 
Center's  world-class  facilities  and  pioneer- 
ing research  taking  place  a  stone's  throw 
from  the  bleak  financial  and  social  condi- 
tions faced  by  Lincoln's  clientele. 

Under  Schmidt's  leadership,  Lincoln  has 
become  one  of  the  most  respected  health 
centers  in  the  country.  Amy  Simmons  Far- 
ber,  communications  director  for  the  Na- 
tional Association  of  Community  Health 
Centers,  says  Lincoln  is  "way  ahead  of  the 
curve"  on  setting  standards  for  care  and  im- 
plementing new  technology,  such  as  trans- 
ferring paper  medical  records  to  computer 
and  using  a  robotic  dispenser  to  fill  prescrip- 
tions. In  2006,  Lincoln  celebrated  Inde- 
pendence Day  by  becoming  the  nation's 
first  health  center  to  go  tobacco-free,  a 
move  that  many  hospitals — including  Duke's 
— have  since  copied. 

"They're  one  of  the  bright  stars  of  health 
care,"  Farber  says  of  Lincoln,  adding  that 
Schmidt  makes  so  many  trips  to  Capitol  Hill 
to  lobby  for  more  funding  for  health  centers 
nationwide,  including  the  federal  dollars 


DUKE  MAGAZINE    July- August  2008 


that  make  up  almost  a  quarter  of  Lincoln's 
$18  million  annual  budget,  that  she  is  on  a 
first-name  basis  with  every  member  of  North 
Carolina's  Congressional  delegation. 

"Evie  is  the  Mother  Teresa  of  Durham," 
says  Fred  Johnson,  deputy  director  of  the 
Division  of  Community  Health  at  Duke  Med- 
ical Center,  who  oversees  two  neighborhood 
medical  clinics  that  serve  as  Lincoln  satel- 
lites. "Lincoln  is  her  life,  and  she  just  lives 
and  breathes  caring  for  the  poor." 

Schmidt  came  to  her  calling  early  in  her 
career,  while  working  in  a  private  pediatric 
practice  near  Philadelphia.  She  made  house 
calls  in  poor  neighborhoods  and  saw  chil- 
dren with  chronic  medical  conditions  who 
weren't  being  treated  because  their  parents 
couldn't  afford  routine  care.  "I  thought,  'This 
is  crazy.  All  kids  deserve  better,'  "  she  says. 

In  1962,  she  earned  a  master's  degree  in 
public  health  from  Columbia  University  and 
soon  after  became  chief  of  pediatrics  at  the 
Gouverneur  Ambulatory  Care  Center,  a 
health  program  for  the  poor  in  the  Lower 
East  Side  of  Manhattan.  Then,  she  was  re- 
cruited to  come  back  to  Durham  to  run  Lin- 
coln. Although  the  New  Jersey  native  had 
been  so  appalled  by  the  segregation  she  saw 
in  town  during  her  days  at  Duke  that  she 
refused  to  ride  buses  around  campus,  she 
readily  agreed  to  return  to  North  Carolina 
for  a  chance  to  interact  more  directly  with 
the  community  than  her  position  at  Gouv- 
erneur allowed.  Over  the  years,  she  has 
worked  with  groups  to  promote  better  hous- 
ing in  Durham  and  to  fight  the  rise  in  local 
gang  activity.  "Health  care  involves  more 
than  medicine,"  she  says  simply. 

Lincoln's  creation  also  meant  that  sanc- 
tioned segregation  in  the  South  was  on  the 
wane,  she  says,  citing  another  element  of  the 
move  she  found  attractive.  The  center  was 
born  during  the  integration  of  health-care 
services  in  Durham,  when  Durham  Re- 
gional Hospital  was  built  to  replace  the  for- 
mer whites-only  Watts  Hospital  and  blacks- 


Over  the  years,  Schmidt  has  worked  with  groups  to  promote 

better  housing  in  Durham  and  to  fight  the  rise  in  local 

gang  activity.  "Health  care  involves  more  than  medicine." 


leaves  colleagues  half  her  age  struggling  to 
keep  up — Mary  Baldwin,  Lincoln's  director 
of  nursing,  says  she  knows  her  boss  is  com- 
ing to  deliver  another  directive  when  she 
hears  quick  footsteps  in  the  hallway — 
Schmidt  combines  her  vision  for  the  com- 
munity and  her  relentless  will  with  a  touch 
of  guilt  to  remind  local  officials  of  their 
moral  obligation  to  care  for  the  poor.  "She 
doesn't  have  an  iron  hand,  but  she  has  a 
voice  that  can  flip  a  conscience,"  says  Sue 
Guptill  B.S.N.  '75,  chairwoman  of  Lincoln's 
board  and  director  of  nursing  for  the  Dur- 
ham County  Health  Department. 

Guptill  cites  the  example  of  Project  Ac- 
cess, a  proposed  program  under  which  spe- 
cialist physicians  in  Durham  will  treat 
uninsured  patients  pro  bono.  Schmidt  for 
months  pointed  to  the  need  for  more  access 
to  specialty  care  among  Lincoln's  clients, 
becoming  more  forceful  each  time  until  the 
message  got  through,  Guptill  says.  "She's  an 
outspoken  advocate  for  people  who  don't 
have  a  chance  to  speak  for  themselves." 


Lincoln  Logs 

34,402 

Clients  seen  at  Lincoln 

131,146 

Client  appointments 

3,239 

Clients  under  the  age  of  one 

181 

Clients  85  or  older 

15 

Percent  of  clients  between  the  ages 
of  one  and  four,  the  second-largest 
group  after  adults  ages  25  to  44 

30 

Percent  increase  in  number  of 
Durham  residents  living  below  the 
poverty  line,  from  2000  to  2006 

only  Lincoln  Hospital  in  town.  Community 
leaders  felt  that  maintaining  a  clinic  on  the 
Lincoln  Hospital  site  would  keep  health 
care  accessible  to  many  black  residents,  and 
they  wrote  Durham  Regional's  charter  in  a 
way  that  ensured  that  the  local  health-care 
system  would  always  support  the  center. 

Durham  Regional,  now  part  of  the  Duke 
University  Health  System,  continues  to  pro- 
vide close  to  $6.2  million  in  annual  support 
to  Lincoln,  including  services  like  laborato- 
ry tests,  X-rays,  and  building  maintenance. 
The  center  plugs  a  hole  in  the  local  health- 
care network,  says  David  McQuaid,  former 
chief  executive  of  Durham  Regional,  by  pro- 
viding a  more  efficient  option  for  primary 
care  for  uninsured  patients  than  frequent 
visits  to  hospital  emergency  rooms.  Such 
holes  often  drain  away  limited  health-care 
resources  in  other  cities,  he  says — even  areas 
with  similar  community  health  centers. 

"In  my  career,  I  haven't  seen  the  type  of 
community  support  and  financial  commit- 
ment to  caring  for  underserved  populations 
that  I've  seen  here,"  says  McQuaid,  who 
worked  with  the  Baltimore-based  Johns 
Hopkins  Health  System  before  coming  to 
Durham  and  is  now  chief  operating  officer 
at  Thomas  Jefferson  University  Hospital  in 
Philadelphia. 

Schmidt  is  the  driving  force  behind  much 
of  that  support.  A  five-foot-tall  dynamo  who 


Accessibility  is  a  primary  goal  for  Lin- 
coln, which  has  created  a  one-stop 
shop  for  medical  services  in  Durham. 
In  addition  to  providing  adult,  pedi- 
atric, dental,  and  mental-health  care  daily, 
the  center  offers  weekly  clinics  in  orthope- 
dics, ophthalmology,  and  gynecology;  pro- 
vides prenatal  care  for  the  Durham  County 
Health  Department;  and  serves  as  the  local 
hub  for  the  federal  Women,  Infants,  and 
Children  nutrition  program.  The  center 
also  works  with  Duke  to  provide  in-home 
care  at  local  senior-citizen  housing  projects 
and  operates  a  clinic  at  a  homeless  shelter 
near  downtown.  Schmidt  says  the  shotgun 
approach  helps  Lincoln  reach  as  many  pop- 
ulations across  the  community  as  possible. 

She  also  has  worked  with  Duke's  Division 
of  Community  Health  for  the  past  few  years 
to  expand  the  center's  reach  throughout 
Durham.  As  part  of  the  Duke-Durham  Neigh- 
borhood Partnership,  which  promotes  uni- 
versity involvement  in  neighborhoods  and 
public  schools  near  campus,  the  division 
opened  a  medical  clinic  in  a  renovated  com- 


/.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


Unfinished  business:  Budget  cuts, 
increased  patient  loads,  and  lack  of  adequate 
staffing  reinforce  Schmidt's  resolve. 

munity  center  in  the  Lyon  Park  neighbor- 
hood in  2003.  A  year  later,  a  second  clinic 
was  opened  on  Broad  Street  in  the  Wall- 
town  community,  and  plans  are  in  place  to 
open  a  third  clinic  in  a  former  elementary 
school  in  northeast  Durham  in  the  next  two 
years.  Lincoln  pays  the  clinics  a  fee  for  each 
patient — together,  they  see  more  than  200 
people  a  week — and  grants  from  The  Duke 
Endowment  help  subsidize  the  operations. 

"We're  like  a  circuit  breaker  for  Lincoln, 
taking  patients  when  they  become  over- 
loaded," Duke's  Johnson  says.  At  the  same 
time,  the  clinics  provide  accessibility  in 
those  neighborhoods  to  low-income  fami- 
lies and  the  elderly  without  transportation. 
"Convenience  is  a  major  reason  people  come 
here,"  he  says. 

High-quality  care  is  the  reason  many  keep 
coming  back.  Nichols,  the  longtime  pa- 
tient, says  she  had  health  insurance  for 
many  of  the  years  she  used  Lincoln  but 
chose  not  to  go  elsewhere.  "They  treat  you 
as  a  human  being,  not  an  object,"  she  says. 
"You  have  confidence  in  the  people  taking 
care  of  you." 

People  like  Oveta  Mcintosh- Vick,  a  phy- 
sician and  Lincoln's  director  of  pediatrics. 


Mclntosh-Vick  sees  a  couple  of  dozen  chil- 
dren and  their  parents  every  day,  but  she 
takes  time  during  each  appointment  to  make 
certain  everything  is  all  right  at  home  for 
her  patients.  During  one  visit,  she  corralled 
a  squirming  baby  for  a  quick  examination 
while  counseling  a  young,  single  mother  in- 
tent on  pursuing  a  graduate  degree.  "These 
people  may  not  have  much,  but  they're 
willing  to  sacrifice  whatever  they  do  have 
to  ensure  their  families  get  decent  health 
care,"  she  says.  "And  that's  what  we're  here 
to  provide." 

That  mission  feeds  Schmidt's  determina- 
tion. Those  who  work  with  her  joke  that  she 
seems  to  have  gotten  a  second  wind  in  re- 
cent years.  "There's  no  indication  she  plans 
to  slow  down,  and  we  don't  plan  to  slow  her 
down,"  Guptill  says. 

Schmidt  refuses  to  talk  about  retirement, 
instead  choosing  to  focus  on  the  challenges 
Lincoln  continues  to  face:  a  lack  of  bilin- 
gual staff  to  handle  the  growing  Hispanic 
population,  federal  and  state  budget  cuts, 
increased  patient  loads,  and  limited  space, 
for  starters.  At  the  same  time,  she  seizes  on 
new  opportunities  whenever  they  appear. 
The  recent  hiring  of  a  chief  operating  offi- 
cer at  Lincoln,  for  example,  gives  her  the 
chance  to  spend  time  tweaking  systems  for 
better  patient  service. 

"We've  still  got  a  lot  of  work  to  do  to  make 


sure  everybody  is  getting  the  care  they  de- 
serve," she  says.  She's  barely  finished  the 
thought  when  a  young  Hispanic  woman  ap- 
pears at  her  office  door,  looking  for  Lin- 
coln's financial  office.  Schmidt  jumps  out  of 
her  chair  and  briskly  guides  the  patient 
down  the  hall.  When  Schmidt  returns,  she 
pauses  to  reflect  on  the  community  she  has 
helped  to  build. 

"If  I  were  starting  over,  I  would  be  a  social 
organizer,"  she  says.  "Health  is  more  than 
just  physical  well-being.  It's  about  being 
able  to  afford  nutritious  food  and  having 
safe  housing  in  walkable  neighborhoods,  so 
that  you  can  get  outside  and  not  worry  about 
crime.  These  things  are  all  connected." 

With  an  economic  slowdown  affecting  all 
sectors  of  the  population,  Schmidt  says  that 
clinics  like  Lincoln  will  inevitably  bear  the 
brunt  of  worsening  conditions.  "We've  lost 
the  middle  class  in  this  country,"  she  says. 
"Our  clients  have  traditionally  been  the 
ones  on  the  bottom  of  the  economic  ladder. 
But  we  are  starting  to  see  people  who  used 
to  be  in  the  middle,  but  who  are  moving 
down.  This  isn't  just  poor  Durham's  problem. 
This  is  everyone's  problem."  ■ 

Bums  is  a  freelance  writer  based  in  Raleigh. 

Listen  to  Schmidt  talk  about  FDR,  house  calls, 

the  South,  and  more: 

www.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


DUKE  MAGAZINE    July- August  2008 


Books 


Oxygen 

B;y  Carol  Cassella  '78.  Simon  &  Schuster, 
2008.  288  pages.  $25. 

We  put  such  faith  in  the  tools  of 
modern  medicine.  Clinical  break- 
throughs and  sophisticated  tech- 
nology seduce  us  into  thinking 
that  whatever  ails  us  can  be  taken  care  of 
with  a  dose  of  medicine  or  a  surgical  inter- 
vention. But  in  the  opening  pages  of  Carol 
Cassella's  debut  novel,  Oxygen,  we're  re- 
minded of  the  fragile  hold  we  have  on  life. 

"I  anesthetize  airline  pilots,  corporate  ex- 
ecutives, high  school  principals,  mothers  of 
well-brought-up  children,  judges  and  jani- 
tors, psychiatrists  and  salespeople,  moun- 
tain climbers  and  musicians,"  writes  Cassel- 
la, who,  like  her  book's  protagonist,  Marie 
Heaton,  is  a  seasoned  anesthesiologist. 
"People  who  have  struggled  and  strutted 
and  breathed  on  this  planet  for  twenty,  thir- 
ty, seventy  years  defying  the  inexorable, 
entropic  decay  of  all  living  things.  All  of 
them  clinging  to  existence  by  one  mole- 
cule: oxygen." 

Heaton  is  a  seven-year  veteran  at  First 
Lutheran  Hospital,  a  skilled  member  of  the 
surgical  teams  that  keep 
the  center's  revenue-pro- 
ducing operating  rooms 
booked  solid.  She's  good 
at  what  she  does,  and  ded- 
icated to  her  job,  often 
arriving  before  dawn  and 
taking  overnight  call  duty 
once  or  twice  a  week. 
From  routine  hernia  re- 
pairs and  mastectomies  to 
the  riskier  heart  surgeries 
or  emergency  C-sections, 
Heaton  savors  her  role  as 
"medicinal  artist,  a  chemical  hypnotist 
beckoning  the  frightened  and  uninitiated 
into  a  secure  and  painless  realm  of  trust." 

The  book  opens  on  a  typical  workday, 
with  Heaton  showering  while  it's  dark  out- 
side and  driving  through  the  streets  of  the 
still-sleeping  city  of  Seattle.  At  the  hospi- 
tal, she  checks  her  caseload,  swaps  small 
talk  with  co-workers,  and  pops  in  on  surger- 


Like  the  author,  the  book's 
protagonist  is  a  seasoned 
anesthesiologist,  "a  chemi- 
cal hypnotist  beckoning  the 
frightened  and  uninitiated 
into  a  secure  and  painless 
realm  of  trust." 


ies  already  under  way,  subbing  for  tired  an- 
esthesiology colleagues  while  they  duck  out 
for  coffee  during  a  lull.  Even  though  her 
fourth  case  seems  fairly  straightforward — 
removing  a  congenital  cyst  from  the  base  of 
an  eight-year-old  girl's  spine — there  are  a 
few  complicating  factors.  The  girl  is  mildly 
retarded,  lacks  comprehensive  medical  rec- 
ords, and  is  being  reared  by  a  single  mother 
with  no  network  of  family  or  friends.  Still, 
Heaton  has  faced  far  tougher  cases  before, 
and  assures  the  girl's  mother  before  surgery 
that  her  daughter  is  in  good  hands. 

In  the  middle  of  the  operation,  moments 
after  Heaton  injects  a  narcotic  into  the 
patient's  IV  line,  an  alarm  sounds.  The  pa- 
tient's blood  pressure  and  heart  rate  plum- 
met. Heaton  scrambles  to  identify  the  prob- 
lem— a  blocked  airway  passage?  Undiag- 
nosed asthma?  An  allergic  reaction?  Heaton 
and  the  rest  of  the  surgical  team  mobilize  to 
employ  all  emergency  protocols  at  their  dis- 
posal, but  even  though  every  attempt  is 
made  to  identify  and  remedy  the  problem, 
in  a  frighteningly  small  span  of  minutes,  the 
girl  dies  on  the  operating  table.  It's  left  to 
Heaton  to  relay  the  news  to  the  mother,  sit- 
ting alone  in  the  waiting  room  where  she'd 
held  her  daughter  only 
hours  before. 

As  the  consequences  of 
the  death  take  shape,  Hea- 
ton is  gripped  by  guilt  and 
self-doubt.  The  hospital's 
legal  machinery  moves  in- 
to high  gear  to  prepare  for 
the  inevitable  lawsuit.  Oxy- 
gen follows  Heaton  as  her 
personal  and  professional 
life  slowly  begin  to  come 
undone.  Despite  initial  re- 
assurances by  top-ranking 
hospital  administrators  that  everything  will 
be  fine,  such  collegial  encouragement  grad- 
ually gives  way  to  detached  advice  and  re- 
vised worst-case  scenarios. 

Heaton's  primary  support  system  includes 
best  friend  Joe  Hillary,  a  fellow  anesthesiol- 
ogist at  First  Lutheran,  and  her  only  sibling, 
Lori.  Through  these  relationships,  Cassella 
provides  the  reader  with  insights  into  the 


f  ^1 

oxygen 


CAROL    CASSELLA 


twin  impulses  of  Heaton's  character — she  is 
both  tenacious  and  sensitive,  a  compassion- 
ate perfectionist.  A  subplot  involves  Hea- 
ton's aging,  estranged  father,  who  is  losing 
his  sight  but  refuses  to  relinquish  his  inde- 
pendence. Long-simmering  family  tensions 
come  to  a  head  as  the  medical  malpractice 
case  winds  its  way  toward  the  courts. 

While  the  secondary  story  line  eventually 
helps  explain  some  of  Heaton's  perspectives 
on  work,  love,  and  family,  it  is  less  effective 
than  the  central  plot.  Cassella  offers  a  per- 
suasive and  chilling  example  of  how  a  per- 
son can  be  doing  everything  right,  when 
circumstances  beyond  her  control  conspire 
to  forever  alter  the  course  of  untold  lives. 
One  day  Heaton  is  a  valued  and  trusted 
member  of  a  medical  community;  the  next 
she  is  subject  to  concerned  glances,  unspo- 
ken judgments,  and  public  accusations  of 
professional  misconduct. 

In  advance  publicity  for  Oxygen,  publisher 
Simon  &  Schuster  compares  Cassella  to  such 
medical-genre  novelists  as  Jodi  Picoult,  and 
such  writer-physicians  as  Atul  Gawande. 
Unlike  Picoult,  Cassella  has  professional 
medical  authenticity  and  a  genuine  ear  for 
how  physicians,  health-care  CEOs,  and  mal- 
practice lawyers  really  talk.  (Plus,  Cassella 
is  the  better  writer.)  Given  her  clear-eyed 
understanding  of  the  medical  profession, 
one  hopes  that  like  Gawande,  she  will  pro- 
vide us  with  further  opportunities  to  peer 
into  the  mysterious  and  unpredictable 
nature  of  the  human  condition. 

—  Bridget  Booher 


7w.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


GETTING 
THE  BEST 
OUT  OF 
COLLEGE 


Across  the  Line:  Profiles  in  Basket- 
ball Courage:  Tales  of  the  First 
Black  Players  in  the  ACC  and  SEC 

By  Barry  Jacobs  72.  The  Lyons  Press,  2008. 
361  pages.  $24-95. 

Veteran  basketball  writer  Jacobs  relates  the 
stories  of  the  pioneering  African- American 
players  who  integrated  the  basketball  teams 
at  eighteen  universities  in  the  Atlantic 
Coast  and  Southeastern  conferences,  the 
South's  most  prominent  leagues.  He  ex- 
plores the  players' — as  well  as  university 
administrators' — motivations  and  experi- 
ences, weaving  interviews  with  players, 
coaches,  teammates,  and  observers  together 
with  news  reports  from  the  1960s  and 
1970s.  Players  had  to  navigate  institutional 
racism,  KKK-organized  events,  and  angry 
mobs  of  opposing  (and  home)  fans  in  order 
to  succeed  and  survive. 

On  Violence:  A  Reader 

Edited  by  Bruce  B.  Lawrence  and  Aisha 
Karim  Ph.D.  '04-  Duke  University  Press, 
2007.  578  pages.  $29.95,  paper. 

An  anthology  of  classic  perspectives  on 
violence  that  includes  the  writings  of  Han- 
nah Arendt,  Sigmund  Freud,  Mohandas 
Gandhi,  Georg  Wilhelm  Friedrich  Hegel, 
Adolf  Hitler,  Thomas  Hobbes,  Osama  bin 
Laden,  and  Karl  Marx.  Lawrence,  the 
Nancy  and  Jeffrey  Marcus  Humanities 
Professor  of  religion  at  Duke,  and  Karim,  a 
professor  of  English  and  foreign  languages 
at  Saint  Xavier  University,  contend  that 
violence  is  a  process,  rather  than  a  discrete 
product,  and  is  intrinsic  to  the  human  con- 
dition. It  can  be  channeled  and  reckoned 
with  but  never  completely  suppressed.  In 
placing  these  classic  arguments  in  conver- 
sation, they  seek  to  examine  how  one 
might  speak  about  violence  without  perpet- 


uating it.  Lawrence  contributes  an  essay,  as 
does  Kristine  Stiles,  Duke  professor  of  art, 
art  history,  and  visual  studies. 

Jameson  on  Jameson:  Conver- 
sations on  Cultural  Marxism 

By  Fredric  Jameson,  edited  by  Ian  Buchanan. 
Duke  University  Press,  2007.  277 pages. 
$22.95,  paper. 

In  a  compilation  of  interviews  conducted 
by  noted  scholars  between  1982  and 
2005,  Jameson  discusses  key  concepts  like 
postmodernism,  the  dialectic,  metacom- 
mentary,  the  political  unconscious,  the 
Utopian,  cognitive  mapping,  and  spatializa- 
tion.  He  muses  on  culture,  architecture, 
art,  cinema,  literature,  philosophy,  and 
politics.  One  of  the  most  influential 
literary  and  cultural  critics  writing  today, 
Jameson,  William  A.  Lane  Professor  of 
comparative  literature  and  Romance  stud- 
ies at  Duke,  is  credited  with  reshaping  the 
critical  landscape  across  the  humanities 
and  social  sciences. 

Getting  the  Best  Out  of  College: 
A  Professor,  a  Dean,  and  a 
Student  Tell  You  How  to  Maximize 
Your  Experience 

By  Peter  Feaver,  Sue  Wasbkk  76,  M.H.A.  78, 
LL.M.  '93,  and  Anne  Grossman  '00.  Ten 
Speed  Press,  2008.  249  pages.  $14-95,  paper. 

Bucking  a  trend  of  how-to  college-admis- 
sions manuals,  the  writing  team — a  Duke 
professor,  a  dean  of  students,  and  a  recent 
alumna — pools  its  collective  fifty-plus  years 
of  experience  in  higher  education  to  share 
insider  strategies  for  everything  from  get- 
ting along  with  a  first-year  roommate,  to 
navigating  the  college  social  scene,  to  get- 
ting the  most  out  of  classes  and  other  aca- 
demic opportunities.  The  tone  is  chatty, 


and  the  lessons  are  applicable.  Feaver,  for 
example,  shares  insights  into  how  to  gen- 
uinely impress  a  professor.  Anecdotes  from 
real  Duke  students  (names  changed  to  pro- 
tect the  innocent,  as  well  as  the  guilty) 
illustrate  each  point. 

Seneca  Falls  and  the  Origins  of 
the  Women's  Rights  Movement 

By  SaUy  G.  McMillen  Ph.D. '85.  Oxford 
University  Press,  2008.  310 pages.  $28.00. 
In  the  latest  contribution  to  Oxford's  Pivotal 
Moments  in  American  History  series, 
McMillen,  a  professor  of  history  at  David- 
son College,  takes  the  reader  to  Seneca 
Falls,  New  York,  the  site  of  the  pivotal 
1848  convention  that  effectively  launched 
the  women's-rights  movement  in  the 
United  States.  She  traces  the  movement's 
momentum  in  its  early  years,  focusing  on 
the  roles  of  prominent  women  Susan  B. 
Anthony,  Lucretia  Mott,  Elizabeth  Cady 
Stanton,  and  Lucy  Stone.  She  describes 
how  they  came  to  the  movement,  the 
advances  they  made  during  their  lifetimes, 
and  the  lasting  effects  of  their  work. 

Family  Bible 

By  Melissa].  Delbridge.  University  of  Iowa 
Press,  2008.  143  pages.  $23.95. 
In  this  memoir  about  growing  up  in  the 
Deep  South,  Delbridge  introduces  the  read- 
er to  the  people  in  her  own  family  Bible. 
Now  an  archivist  in  Duke's  Rare  Book, 
Manuscript,  and  Special  Collections 
Library,  Delbridge,  an  essayist  and  aspiring 
novelist,  shares  tales  of  her  father's  circum- 
spect "hunting  trips";  her  mother's  sudden, 
tempestuous  moves  across  town  in  the 
middle  of  the  night;  and  sipping  stolen 
rum  from  a  rinsed-out  perfume  bottle  in  the 
middle-school  bathroom. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE    July- August  2008 


*£* 


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'M  - 


"Part  of  why  I'm  able  to  support  a  Duke  scholarship 

is  because  I  received  one  myself." 


RANDY    PEELER    T'87 


Alumni  Register 


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True  blue:  Returning  alumni  and  their  families  converged  in  Cameron  for  an  all 

www.dukealumni.com 


i  during  spring  reunions. 

DUKE  MAGAZINE    July- August  2008         63 


Alumni  Register 


A  Seat  at  the  Table 

With  a  tull-time  job  as  the  publish- 
er of  Legal  Times,  an  award-win- 
ning weekly  newspaper  and  web- 
site that  reports  on  law  and  lob- 
bying in  the  nation's  capital,  and  two  young 
children  in  school,  Ann  Pelham  74  didn't 
have  spare  time  to  attend  various  evening 
and  weekend  events  sponsored  by  her  local 
Duke  club  in  Washington.  But  when  she  was 
invited  to  attend  a  D.C.  Women's  Forum 
luncheon  geared  to  women  interested  in  busi- 
ness and  social  networking,  Pelham  saw  the 
perfect  opportunity  to  reconnect  with  her 
alma  mater. 

Now,  as  she  takes  the  reins  on  July  1  as  pres- 
ident of  the  Duke  Alumni  Association 
(DAA),  Pelham  says  she  wants  to  do  her  part 
to  create  multiple  entry  points  for  alumni  to 
get  engaged  with  the  university.  "Seeing  old 
friends  is  fun  but  meeting  new  people,  in- 
cluding recent  graduates,  is  just  as  interest- 
ing and  rewarding,"  she  says.  "We  have  to 
spread  the  word  about  programs  like  the 
Women's  Forum  or  museum  exhibit  open- 
ings in  places  like  Dallas  and  Boston  or  the 
sendoff  parties  for  incoming  students  held 
around  the  country." 

One  way  she  would  like  to  encourage 
greater  participation  among  alumni,  she  says, 
is  to  encourage  people  to  reach  out  to  other 
Duke  graduates  and  supporters.  During  a  con- 
versation with  fellow  volunteers  recently,  she 
discovered  that  most  had  become  reconnected 
with  Duke  because  someone  had  asked  them 
to  come  to  an  event,  interview  a  prospec- 
tive student,  or  help  plan  a  program. 

"Invite  someone  to  come  along  with  you 
to  a  Duke  event,"  she  says.  "You  might  not 
even  know  the  person  well.  Maybe  it's  a  col- 
league at  work  that  you  happen  to  find  out 
went  to  Duke  or  someone  from  your  Duke 
dorm  who  moves  to  your  city." 

With  Duke's  growing  international  pres- 
ence and  emphasis  on  civic  engagement,  the 
reciprocal  relationship  between  the  uni- 
versity and  its  nearly  125,000  alumni  has 
never  been  better,  Pelham  says.  "Alumni  have 
seen  their  degrees  from  Duke  get  more  and 
more  valuable  as  the  university  keeps  improv- 


ing, getting  stronger,  and  aiming  higher. 
And  the  university  values  alumni  as  friendly 
allies  in  its  efforts  to  be  more  externally  fo- 
cused," including  the  institutional  mission  of 
generating  knowledge  in  service  to  society. 

A  former  Chronicle  editor,  Pelham  has 
blended  her  undergraduate  interests  with 
her  professional  expertise  in  her  role  as 
chair  of  the  Duke  Student  Publishing  Com- 
pany Inc.,  which  publishes  The  Chronicle 
and  the  law  school  paper,  The  Devil's  Advo- 
cate. She  also  served  as  vice  chair  of  Duke 
Magazine's  Editorial  Advisory  Board  before 
being  named  to  the  DAA's  executive  com- 
mittee. As  president,  Pelham  will  serve  a 
two-year  term. 

Pelham  also  brings  the  added  perspective 
of  being  a  Duke  parent;  daughter  Catherine 
Cullen  '06,  following  in  her  mother's  foot- 
steps, earned  a  bachelor's  degree  with  a  major 
in  history.  Cullen  also  earned  her  teaching 
certificate  and  is  now  in  her  second  year  as 
a  fifth-grade  instructor  at  Malcolm  X  El- 
ementary School  in  southeast  D.C.  Pelham 


Pelham:  New  DAA  president  encourages 
personal  connections. 

says  her  daughter's  transition  to  a  demanding 
inner-city  school  hasn't  been  easy,  but  she  is 
impressed  with  how  well  Duke  prepares  stu- 
dents "to  approach  issues  with  creativity, 
flexibility,  and  a  curious  mind.  Engagement 
across  lines  of  race,  ethnicity,  religion,  and 
national  culture  will  become  more  impor- 
tant as  training  for  an  increasingly  inter- 
connected world." 

"What's  fun  about  Duke  is  that  no  one  pre- 
tends it's  'done,'  "  says  Pelham.  "It's  a  grow- 
ing, organic,  evolving  entity,  guided  by  the 
notion  that  maybe  there  is  a  better  way  to 
do  something.  It's  why  Duke  does  so  well  at 
collaboration  and  at  fostering  entrepreneur- 
ship.  Alumni  have  a  seat  at  the  table  for 
those  conversations  about  how  to  do  things 
better.  It's  my  job  to  help  keep  us  there." 
— Bridget  Booher 

Find  quick  links  and  related  content  for  Alumni 
Register:  www.dukemagazine.duke.edu. 


•.JukeiiiLiyazine.duke.edu 


M 


Celebrate, 

Dance  to  the  Music 

ore  than  3,700  alumni,  family 
members,  and  guests  gathered 
on  campus  for  Reunions 
Weekend  in  April.  Over  the 
three-day  weekend,  old  friends  and  class- 
mates reconnected,  lunched  in  Cameron 
Indoor  Stadium,  took  tours  of  new  cam- 
pus buildings  and  research  facilities,  and 
enjoyed  a  series  of  faculty  lectures  on 
topics  including  the  physics  behind 
black  holes,  presidential  campaign  poli- 
tics, and  the  intersections  between  busi- 
ness and  faith. 

Some  attended  a  Hoof  'n'  Horn  pres- 
entation of  Grease,  while  others  accom- 
panied Project  W.I.L.D.  undergraduates 
on  a  Duke  Forest  ropes  course,  visited 
the  Lemur  Center,  or  watched  a  dance 


DUKE  MAGAZINE    July- August  2008 


CAREER  CORNER 


performance  at  the  Ark.  Alumni  chi 
dren  picked  from  a  variety  of  kid- 
focused  sessions,  including  a  chemistry 
camp  in  the  French  Family  Science 
Center  and  soccer  and  basketball  clin- 
ics coached  by  varsity  athletes. 

As  usual,  everyone  came  together  for 
the  big  Saturday  night  Reunions  Gala, 
held  in  a  festival  tent  across  from  the 
soccer  and  lacrosse  fields,  where  alum- 
ni ate,  drank,  and  danced  the  night 
away,  pausing  long  enough  to  admire  a 
fireworks  display  over  Wallace  Wade 
Stadium. 

The  Class  of  2003  set  a  5th  reunion 
record,  with  765  alumni  attending. 
Other  attendance  numbers:  Class  of 
1958,  270  attending;  Class  of  1963, 
100;  Class  of  1968,  168;  Class  of  1973, 
185;  Class  of  1978,  250;  Class  of  1983, 
499;  Class  of  1988, 549;  Class  of  1993, 
206;  and  Class  of  1998, 621. 

Photos  from  the  event  may  be  viewed 
and  purchased  at  www.dukeshots.com, 
Gallery  Code:  DU2008. 


Making  memories:  Clockwise  from  left,  members  of 
the  Class  of  1988  share  a  laugh;  balloons  adorn  class 
tents;  revelers  show  off  dance  moves  at  the  Reunions 
gala;  husbands  from  the  Class  of  1958  focus  on 
their  wives  (off-camera),  who  are  practicing  a  musical 
presentation  to  be  performed  later  in  the  evening. 


Ask  the  Expert 

In  about  a  year,  1  will  have  learned  all  1 
can  from  this  job  and  plan  to  leave  for  a 
higher-level  position.  M31  boss  is  very  well 
regarded  in  the  community.  How  can  I 
leave  while  still  maintaining  our  excellent 
relationship? 

our  question  is  timely,  since  to 
leave  a  job  well  requires  signifi- 
cant planning.  You'll  want  to  do 
everything  possible  not  to  burn 
bridges — both  within  and  outside  the 
organization. 

First,  observe  what  happens  when 
other  people  leave.  If  they  give  the  min- 
imum amount  of  notice  required  by  the 
company,  is  that  considered  satisfactory, 
or  inadequate?  Unless  there  is  a  huge 
backlash  to  resignation  announcements, 
try  to  err  on  the  side  of  giving  as  much 
notice  as  you  can.  Your  new  employer 
will  not  wait  forever,  but  the  more  you 
can  accommodate  your  current  employ- 
er's needs,  the  better. 

Second,  do  everything  you  can  to 
leave  your  position  in  good  shape.  Go 
through  files  before  you  leave  and  dis- 
card anything  that  is  unimportant.  Keep 
a  "successor  file"  with  critical  docu- 
ments and  decisions  to  be  made.  Make 
it  easy  for  someone  to  pick  up  where 
you  left  off. 

Third,  don't  take  your  employer  by 
surprise.  If  you  trust  your  boss,  involve 
her  in  your  career  plans  as  soon  as  possi- 
ble. Tell  her  your  ultimate  goal  and  ask 
for  help  in  developing  the  skills  and 
experience  to  get  there.  Ask  for  feed- 
back and  make  sure  you  pay  attention 
to  her  advice.  Expect  to  be  very  busy. 
Expect  to  have  to  go  above  and  beyond. 
But  expect,  also,  that  your  hard  work 
will  pay  off  in  the  end. 

If  you're  successful,  your  boss'  connec- 
tions will  become  your  connections,  and 
she'll  likely  become  your  biggest  supporter. 
She  may  even  decide  that  you're  ready 
for  a  promotion  right  where  you  are. 

— Sheila  Curran 

Curran  is  the  former  Fannie  Mitchell 
Executive  Director  of  the  Career  Center. 
The  Career  Center,  in  partnership  with 
the  DAA,  provides  career  advice  to 
alumni.  Send  questions  or  inquiries  to 
career-alumni@s  tudentaffairs .  duke .  edu . 


www.dukenvagazine.duke.edu 


Journalism  Explained, 
and  Honored 

The  proliferation  of  online  news  sources 
has  "smashed  assumptions  about  the 
news  cycle"  and  intensified  pressure 
on  journalists  to  work  faster  than  ever . 
before,  even  on  complex  investigative  pieces, 
New  York  Times  reporter  Stephen  Labaton  ; 
A.M.  '86,  J.D.  '86  said  in  a  March  talk  at . 
the  Terry  Sanford  Institute  of  Public  Policy.  ■ 
Especially  for  investigative  pieces,  "It's  in- ' 
creased  the  tension  between  the  need  for 
quality  and  the  demand  for  timeliness." 

Labaton,  a  longtime  member  of  the  Duke 
Magazine  Editorial  Advisory  Board,  was  the 
winner  of  this  year's  Futrell  Award  for  Excel- 
lence in  Communications  and  Journalism, 
given  annually  by  the  DeWitt  Wallace  Cen- 
ter for  Media  and  Democracy  to  honor  a 
Duke  graduate. 

Labaton  has  a  long  record  as  an  investiga- 
tive journalist.  Earlier  this  spring,  he  co- 
wrote  the  first  controversial  reports  about 
presidential  candidate  John  McCain's  rela- 
tionship with  a  female  lobbyist.  In  the  wake 
of  the  "Keating  Five"  investigation,  McCain 
had  dedicated  himself  to  reform,  including 
crafting  the  McCain-Feingold  campaign 
finance  reform  act.  So  evidence  of  his  fa- 
voring issues  close  to  telecommunications 
lobbyist  Vicki  Iseman — including  assump- 
Eons  by  some  McCain  staff  members  that  t 
the  senator's  motives  might  have  been  root-  ■' 
ed  in  a  romantic  relationship — was  impor- 
tant to  report  on,  said  Labaton. 

Editors  were  concerned  about  word  of 
their. investigation  leaking  onto  the  Web, 
Labaton  said,  as  well  as  the  possibility  that 
other  news  outlets  might  rush  to  break  the 
story.  Their  concerns  were  borne  out  in  De- 
cember when  the  online  Drudge  Report  post- 
ed a  piece  about  the  Times  investigation. 

The  story  generated  more  than  2,000 
reader  comments  to  The  New  York  Times , 
many  of  them  negative.  As  a  result  the  news- 
paper created,  for  the  first  time,  an  online 
question-and-answer  webpage  explaining 
how  the  story  came  together.  "We  knew  this 
would  be  a  controversial  story,"  Labaton 
said.  "There  were  dozens  of  editorial  meet- 


I 

Honorees:  Labaton,  above,  covered  McCain  contro- 
versy; Gavin,  below,  lauded  for  his  wit  and  enthusiasm. 


ings  about  it.  We  didn't  anticipate  how  the 
reporting  would  become  part  of  the  story." 

Labaton  joined  The  New  York  Times  in 
1986  and  became  a  legal-affairs  correspon- 
dent in  New  York  in  1987.  In  1990,  he  moved 
to  the  paper's  Washington  bureau,  where  he 
covers  financial  and  legal  affairs,  and  works 
on  campaign  finance  stories  during  the  na- 
tional elections. 

Labaton  has  written  extensively  about 
the  impact  of  the  Bush  administration's 
sweeping  deregulation  of  industry  on  work- 
er and  consumer  safety.  He  won  the  2003 
Gerald  Loeb  Award  for  Distinguished  Busi- 
ness and  Financial  Journalism  for  his  cover- 
age of  the  Securities  and  Exchange  Com- 


mission, which  prompted  chair  Harvey  Pitt's 
resignation.  In  2003,  he  was  a  finalist  for  a 
Pulitzer  Prize  in  national  reporting  as  part  of 
a  team  of  Times  business  reporters. 

The  Futrell  Award  was  established  by 
Ashley  B.  Futrell  Jr.  78,  the  publisher  of  the 
Pulitzer  Prize-winning  Washington,  North 
Carolina,  Daily  News,  as  a  tribute  to  this  fa- 
ther, Ashley  B.  Futrell  Sr.  '33. 
For  video  of  Labaton's  award-acceptance  speech: 
www.dukemagazine.duke.edu 

Dedication  to  Teaching 

Four  years  ago,  Henri  Gavin  invited 
his  oldest  son,  then  five,  to  sit  in  on 
one  of  his  engineering  lectures.  The 
boy  was,  of  course,  too  young  to  un- 
derstand the  subject  of  the  lecture  and  spent 
most  of  the  class  period  squirming  in  the 
front  row.  But  he  had  a  secret:  His  father 
had  briefed  him  in  advance  on  the  solution 
to  a  particularly  difficult  problem. 

At  the  appointed  moment,  Gavin  pre- 
sented the  class  with  the  problem.  And  as 
his  students,  mostly  sophomores  and  jun- 
iors, looked  on  in  shock,  the  boy  walked  to 
the  board  and  scribbled  the  solution. 

"He  totally  worked  it,"  Gavin  recalls. 
"The  students  fell  out  of  their  chairs." 

In  subsequent  semesters,  he  has  repeated 
the  trick.  Though  it  has  lost  some  of  its  shock 
value  as  the  story  is  passed  from  one  class  to 
the  next,  it  still  earns  raves.  And,  truth  be 
told,  it's  just  one  of  many  methods  that  Gavin, 
winner  of  this  year's  Alumni  Distinguished 
Undergraduate  Teaching  Award  (ADUTA), 
has  used  to  engage  his  students. 

Gavin,  W  H.  Gardner  Jr.  Associate  Profes- 
sor of  civil  and  environmental  engineering, 
came  to  Duke  in  1995  after  receiving  a  bach- 
elor's degree  in  civil  engineering  from  Prince- 
ton University  and  his  master's  and  Ph.D. 
from  the  University  of  Michigan.  The  2006 
winner  of  the  Pratt  School  of  Engineering's 
Klein  Family  Distinguished  Teaching  Award, 
he  currently  teaches  two  undergraduate 
courses,  "Introduction  to  Solid  Mechanics" 
and  "Structural  Design  and  Optimization." 

In  a  letter  nominating  him  for  the 
ADUTA,  one  student  wrote  of  Gavin's  un- 


DUKE  MAGAZINE    July- August  2008 


common  dedication  to  teaching  and  men- 
toring students.  After  being  asked  a  ques- 
tion about  water  treatment  in  class,  the  stu- 
dent reported,  Gavin  "spent  the  rest  of  the 
day  talking  with  other  faculty  members 
about  the  basics  of  the  problem  and  then 
created  an  entirely  new  MATLAB  optimi- 
zation lab  based  on  the  concept."  MATLAB 
is  a  computer  program  that  engineers  often 
use  to  explore  and  solve  diverse  problems. 

Gavin,  the  student  continued,  "e-mailed  us 
around  4  a.m.  to  update  us  on  his  progress,  and 
by  the  next  week,  incorporated  it  into  the  class 
as  an  assignment  so  that  we  could  better  un- 
derstand something  we  were  interested  in." 

Likewise,  when  a  faculty  adviser  to  Duke 
Engineers  Without  Borders  backed  out  of  a 
planned  trip  to  Uganda  in  2006  at  the  last 
minute,  Gavin,  despite  having  a  wife  and 
two  young  children,  enthusiastically  volun- 


WORLD  WAR  II  VETS 

Duke  Magazine  is  planning  an  article 
about  alumni  who  served  in  the  war. 
We  would  like  to  hear  from  you.  Please 
send  a  brief  summary  of  any  unusual 
experiences  you  would  like  to  share, 
along  with  your  telephone  number  and 
e-mail  address,  to  Kate  Bailey,  Senior 
Editorial  Assistant,  Box  90572,  Durham, 
N.C.  27708.  Please  do  not  send  photo- 
graphs. If  we  are  able  to  use  your  sub- 
mission, a  reporter  will  contact  you. 


RETROSPECTIVE 

Selections  from 
University  Archives 

The  debate  last  year  over 
locating  the  George  W.  Bush 
Library  at  Southern  Metho- 
dist University  brought  back 
memories  of  Duke's  own  presidential 
library  controversy. 

In  the  summer  of  1981,  Duke 
President  Terry  Sanford  initiated  talks 
with  former  President  Richard  Nixon 
LL.B.  37  about  locating  his  presiden- 
tial library  at  Duke. 

With  the  Watergate  scandal  and 
Nixon's  subsequent  resignation  still 
very  much  in  the  public  conscious- 
ness, many  faculty  members  object- 
ed, fearing  such  a  memorial  would 
have  a  negative  impact  on  the  uni- 
versity's reputation.  Supporters  of 
the  Nixon  Library  argued  that  the 
scholarly  and  academic  benefits 
would  outweigh  these  concerns. 

Fall  semester  meetings  of  the  Aca- 
demic Council  (the  faculty  governing 
body)  and  board  of  trustees  were 
dominated  by  the  Nixon  Library  de- 
bate, launching  an  alphabet  soup  of 
groups  arguing  both  sides  of  the  is- 
sue: CANDL,  the  Committee  Against 
the  Nixon-Duke  Library;  CAABALL, 


Colleagues  Against  Any  Backsliding  at 
All;  NUKES,  the  Nixon-University 
Committee  for  an  Enormous  Shrine; 
and  SCANDL,  the  Student  Committee 
Against  the  Nixon-Duke  Library. 

Political  cartoonists  also  had  a  field 
day,  with  many  delighting  in  pairing 
Nixon  with  the  Blue  Devil.  The  Raleigh 
News  &  Observer  went  so  far  as  to  have 
Nixon  appearing  as  the  Blue  Devil 
at  a  football  game.  The  Louisville 
Courier-Journal  had  a  cartoon  with 
the  Blue  Devil  meeting  his  new 
"counterpart" — a  red,  white,  and 


Richard  Nixon  dressed  as  a  devil. 
Although  the  Academic  Council 
voted  not  to  pursue  further  negotia- 
tions with  Nixon,  the  board  of  trustees 
later  voted  to  proceed.  Perhaps  as  a 
result  of  the  mixed  feelings,  negotia- 
tions stalled.  In  1983,  Nixon's  repre- 
sentatives announced  that  Chapman 
College  in  San  Clemente,  California, 
had  been  chosen  as  the  site  for  the 
Richard  M.  Nixon  Presidential  Library. 


— Tim  Pyatt  '81,  University  Archivist 


teered  to  replace  him.  On  the  trip,  as  in  the 
classroom,  Gavin  "was  a  master  at  guiding 
us  to  solutions  with  good  questions  and  pro- 
viding information  when  it  was  needed," 
his  nominator  wrote. 

Through  his  dynamic  teaching,  Gavin 
has  garnered  popularity  and  fame  that  ex- 
tend well  beyond  the  classroom.  For  the 
past  few  years,  students  have  maintained  a 
Facebook  group  dedicated  to  chronicling 
his  wit,  deeds,  and  MATLAB  proficiency. 

In  addition  to  teaching,  Gavin  directs  the 
university's  Structural  Dynamics  and  Seis- 
mic Response  Control  Laboratory,  where  he 
studies  risk  and  uncertainty  as  they  apply  to 


natural  hazards  like  earthquakes.  He  seeks 
to  develop  technology  that  will  keep  "criti- 
cal infrastructure  systems" — government  and 
corporate  data  centers  in  addition  to  emer- 
gency response  and  recovery  systems — se- 
cure in  the  event  of  a  natural  disaster.  Even 
here,  he  likes  to  work  with  undergraduates 
completing  independent-study  projects. 

The  award  will  be  presented  to  Gavin 
during  Founders'  Day  ceremonies  on  Octo- 
ber 5.  It  includes  a  $5,000  stipend  and  $1,000 
for  Duke  Libraries  to  purchase  materials 
recommended  by  the  recipient. 

For  more  on  Gavin  and  ADUTA: 
www.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


www.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


Class  Notes 


WRITE:  Class  Notes  Editor,  Duke  Magazine, 
Box  90572,  Durham,  N.C.  27708 

FAX:  (919)  681-1659  (typed  only,  please) 

E-MAIL:  dukemag@duke.edu 

(Include  your  full  name,  address,  and  class  year.) 

CHANGE  OF  ADDRESS:  Alumni  Records,  Box  90581, 
Durham,  N.C.  27708.  Please  include  mailing  label. 

E-MAIL  ADDRESS  CHANGES  TO:  bluedevil@duke.edu 

NOTICE:  Because  of  the  volume  of  class  note  material  we 
receive  and  the  long  lead  time  required  for  typesetting, 
design,  and  printing,  your  submission  may  not  appear 
for  three  to  four  issues.  Alumni  are  urged  to  include 
spouses'  names  in  marriage  and  birth  announcements. 
We  do  not  record  engagements. 

Half-Century  Club 

Howard  C.  Ris  '38  splits  his  time  between  Florida 
and  New  York  after  retiring  as  CEO  of  Ris  Paper  Co., 
a  paper  and  office-supply  company  with  btanches  in 
25  cities.  He  and  his  wife,  Patricia,  also  spend  time 


with  their  children,  daughter,  Barbara,  and  son, 
Howard  C.  Ris  Jr.  70. 

Theodore  M.  Robinson  '40  retired  from  AT&T 

in  1982  and  shifted  his  focus  to  environmental  efforts 
in  the  Sacramento  area.  After  volunteering  as  public- 
relations  director  of  the  Sacramento  Tree  Foundation,  he 
became  the  Sacramento  County  park  commissioner. 
He  is  currently  working  to  publish  his  autobiography. 

Walter  L.  ROSS  B.S.M.E.  '46  recently  published 
Left  of  Center-Right  on  Track  (Outskirts  Press), 
a  compilation  of  lettets  to  the  editor  he  has  written 
over  the  last  fifty  years. 

Lindell  A.  Davidson  B.S.M.E.  '49  has  received 
the  Fellow  Award  from  the  American  Society  of 
Heating,  Refrigerating,  and  Air-Conditioning  En- 
gineers for  his  many  contributions  to  the  industry. 


1960s 


Kenneth  Kahn  M.D.  '62  recently  traveled  to 
Costa  Rica  with  his  wife,  Norma.  During  their 
travels,  they  stayed  with  the  Ngabe,  an  indigenous 
tribe  in  the 


Pattie  Williams  StoltZ  '63  has  been  honored  by 
Forsyth  Country  Day  School  in  Lewisville,  N.C, 
which  named  its  high  school  the  Pattie  Williams 
Stoltz  Upper  School. 

Grant  Hollett  Jr.  B.S.M.E.  '64  has  been  appointed 
by  the  secretary  of  defense  to  the  Army  Science 
Board,  whose  members  advise  Army  leaders  on 
scientific  and  technological  matters.  He  continues 
his  role  as  senior  adviser  and  former  chair/CEO  of 
EaglePicher  Technologies,  a  manufacturer  of  special- 
ized power  systems. 

John  G.  "Sonny"  Morris  '66,  co-founder  and 

senior  partner  of  Morris,  Manning  &  Martin,  traveled 
to  Beijing  to  participate  in  the  2008  "China  Sym- 
posium on  Product  Responsibility  in  Expott  Trade." 
He  was  also  recognized  in  the  2007  Chambers  USA: 
America's  Leading  Lawyers  for  his  work  specializing  in 
real-estate  development  and  finance.  For  the  fifth 
year  in  a  row,  he  was  named  a  2008  Georgia  Super 
Lawyer  by  Atlanta  Magazine. 

M.  Lawrence  Hicks  Jr.  '67  has  been  named  an 
administrative  partner  at  the  law  firm  Thompson  & 
Knight.  He  will  continue  to  serve  as  managing  part- 
net  in  the  firm's  Dallas  office. 


When  you  make  a  gift  of  $  1  0,000  or  more, 
Duke  can  offer  you  (and/or  your  loved  ones) 
a  fixed  income  for  life.  A  charitable  gift  annuity 

also  generate  a  tax  deduction  and  can 
reduce  capital  gains.  Your  ages,  your  financial 
needs,  and  current  interest  rates  determine  the 
annuity  rate  Duke  can  offer.  Some  sample  rates: 


Your  Age:     60 
70 


Your  Ages:   70/68 

76/73 


5.5% 

Annuity  rates  are 

6.1% 

subject  to  change. 

7.6% 

Once  your  gift  is 

5.6% 

made,  the  annuity 
rate  remains  fixed. 

5.9% 


To  learn  more  about  life  income  gifts  and 

other  "tax-wise"  giving  opportunities, 

visit  giving.duke.edu/giftplanning  or  contact: 


Duke  University  Office  of  Gift  Planning 

2127  Campus  Drive,  Box  90600,  Durham,  NC  27708 

Phone  (919)681-0464 

Fax      (919)684-9731 

Email   giftplanning@dev.duke.edu 


DUKE  MAGAZINE    July- August  2008 


Duke  Alumni  Association 


President:  Ann  Pelham  '74 

Secretary-Treasurer:  Sterly  L.  Wilder  '83 

Past  President:  Thomas  C.  Clark '69 

Vice  Presidents: 

Matthew  F.  Bostock  '91,  Ann  Wooster  Elliott  '88 

Amy  Schick  Kenney  '96,  M.E.M  '98,  Anne  DeVoe  Lawler  '75, 

Carmichael  Roberts  Jr.  '90,  Ph.D.  '95,  Hardy  Vieux  '93 

Duke  Magazine  Editorial  Advisory  Board  representative: 

Sarah  Hardesty  Bray '72 

Directors-at-large: 

Nelson  C.  Bellido  '89,  D.  Michael  Bennett  '77 

Matthew  F.  Bostock  '91,  Emily  Busse  Bragg  '78 

Ann  Wooster  Elliott  '88,  Julie  Borger  Ferguson  '81 

Artyn  Haig  Gardner  73,  William  T.  Graham  '56 

Stacey  Maya  Gray  '95,  Peter  C.  Griffith  '78 

Roseann  Viscomi  Hassey  '83,  Jeffrey  C.  Howard  '76 

Theodore  J.  Humphrey  II  B.S.M.E.  '62 

Anne  DeVoe  Lawler  '75,  Jeremiah  0.  Norton  '00 

Lee  H.  Roberts  '90,  Suzanne  M.  Rose  '94 

John  D.Ross  Jr. '92,  Dawn  M.  Taylor '89 

Hardy  Vieux  '93,  Melvia  L  Wallace  '85,  James  V.  Walsh  '74 

Samuel  W.  Wang  '86,  Torraine  Williams  '93 

Professional  school  representatives: 

Carmichael  Roberts  Jr. '90,  Ph.D. '95 

Graduate  School  of  Arts  and  Sciences 
Wyman  Fraser  Davis  '87,  M.Div.  '95,  Divinity  School 
Elizabeth  W.  Parker  M.B.A.  '85,  Fuqua  School  of  Business 
Amy  Schick  Kenney  '96,  M.E.M.  '98 

Nicholas  School  of  the  Environment 
Timothy  R.  Davis  B.S.E.  '92,  Pratt  School  of  Engineering 
J.  Porter  Durham  Jr.  '83,  J.D.  '85,  School  of  Law 
William  Cooke  Andrews  Jr.  '76,  M.D.  '80,  School  of  Medicine 
Martha  Cohn  Romney  B.S.N.  77,  School  of  Nursing 
Michael  J.  Schwartz  M.H.A. '71,  J.D. '82, 

Graduate  Program  in  Health  Administration 
TBD  Graduate  Program  in  Physical  Therapy 
Faculty  representatives: 

Thomas  W.  Robisheaux  '74,  Associate  Professor  of  History 
James  N.Siedow, 

Professor  of  Biology  and  Vice  Provost  for  Research 
Student  representatives: 
Alethea  Duncan  G '12, 

President,  Graduate  and  Professional  Student  Councill 
Honorary  members: 

N.  Allison  Haltom  '72,  William  E.  King  '61,  A.M.  '63,  Ph.D.  '70 
Suzanne  J.  Wasiolek  '76,  M.H.A.  '78,  LL.M.  '93 
Gerald  L  Wilson  B.D.  '61,  A.M.  '68 


Scott  M.  Rimer  D. '93,  Divinity  School 
Jonathan  Wigser  M.B.A.  '94,  Fuqua  School  of  Bu 
Amy  Schick  Kenney '96,  M.E.M. '98 

Nicholas  School  of  the  Environment 
Prayson  W.  Pate  B.S.E.  '84,  Pratt  School  of  Engineering 
Tom  Wlnland  J.D.  74,  School  of  Law 
Roslyn  Bernstein  Mannon  M.D.  '85,  School  of  Medicine 
Carole  A.  Klove  B.S.N.  '80,  School  of  Nursing 
J.  Brett  Bennett  M.H.A. '86, 

Graduate  Program  in  Health  Administration 
Holly  EggertDucheneD.P.T. '03 

Graduate  Program  in  Physical  Therapy 


Malinda  Snow  A.M.  '67,  Ph.D.  74  has  spent  the 
past  41  years  as  an  English  professor,  primarily  at 
Georgia  State  University.  She  was  a  member  of  the 
1966  team  from  Agnes  Scott  College  that  defeated 
Princeton  University  in  the  last  seconds  of  the  GE 
College  Bowl,  an  academic  competition  that  ran  on 
television  tor  many  years. 

Jacquelyn  Bowman  Campbell  B.S.N.  '68 

received  the  Distinguished  Contributions  to  Nursing 
Science  Award  from  the  Duke  School  of  Nursing. 
The  award  recognized  her  work  in  domestic-  and 
e-pattner  violence  research. 


Joseph  W.  Kimmell  II  '69,  an  international  busi- 
ness transactions  lawyer,  has  joined  Butzel  Long  in  its 
Ann  Arbor,  Mich.,  office.  He  will  focus  on  the  firm's 
China  and  India  practices. 

J.  Anthony  Manger  Jr.  '69  was  named  one  of 
The  Best  Lawyers  in  America  2008.  He  currently 
heads  the  Norris  McLaughlin  Health  Care  Group  in 
New  Jersey. 

Alan  C.  Moses  '69  has  been  named  chief  medical 
officer  worldwide  and  vice  president  at  Novo 
Nordisk,  a  Danish  health-care  company  focused  on 
diabetes.  He's  been  with  the  company  since  2004. 


1970s 


i  Gubernot  Montgomery  71,  J.D.  78  has 

been  named  a  North  Carolina  Super  Lawyer  for 
health  care  by  Law  &  Politics  Magazine. 

Barry  Jacobs  72  is  the  author  of  Across  the  Line: 
Profiles  in  Basketball  Courage:  Tales  of  the  First  Black 
Players  in  the  ACC  and  SEC,  published  by  Lyons 
Press  (see  p.  61 ).  Set  during  the  civil  rights  era, 
Jacobs'  fourth  book  recounts  the  challenges  faced  by 
African-American  basketball  players  at  18  schools. 
A  sportswriter  and  Orange  County  commissioner, 
Jacobs  lives  in  Hillsborough,  N.C. 

Robert  D.  Peltz  73  was  named  one  of  The  Best 
Lawyers  in  Florida  2008  in  the  field  of  maritime  and 
transportation  law.  He  is  a  partner  in  the  Miami 
office  of  Mcintosh,  Sawran,  Pelt:  &  Cartaya. 

Kathryn  J.  Zerbe  73  is  the  author  of  Integrated 

Treatment  of  Eating  Disorders :  Bewnd  the  Body  Betrayed, 
published  by  Notton  Professional  Books.  Zetbe  is  pro- 
fessor of  psychiatry  at  Oregon  Health  and  Science 
University.  She  serves  on  the  American  Psychiatric 
Association's  Task  Fotce  on  Practice  Guidelines  for 
Eating  Disorders  and  lectures  around  the  world  on 
issues  pertaining  to  women's  mental  health. 

John  B.  Ford  74  was  named  president  and  general 
manager  of  the  Discovery  Channel.  Previously,  he 
had  been  president  of  the  Discovery  Time  Channel 
and  Military  Channel,  and,  befote  that,  president  of 
the  Learning  Channel.  He  has  won  two  Emmy  and 
two  Peabody  awards.  He  and  his  wife,  Margaret,  live 
in  Chevy  Chase,  Md.,  with  theit  daughter  and  son. 

Lawrence  McMichael  75,  J.D.  78  has  been 

named  one  of  the  Super  Liu'vers  2008  in  its  corporate 
counsel  edition,  which  lists  the  country's  best  lawyers 
in  a  particular  area  of  practice. 

Karen  Gearreald  J.D.  76  recently  retired  after 
20  years  as  a  Navy  lawyer.  She  is  a  Braille  music 
adviser  and  teacher  for  the  Library  of  Congress.  The 
first  blind  student  to  attend  Agnes  Scott  College, 
she  was  a  member  of  the  1966  team  that  defeated 
Ptinceton  University  in  the  last  seconds  of  the  GE 
College  Bowl,  an  academic  competition  that  ran  on 
television  for  many  years. 


Miriam  Kaufman  B.S.N.  76  is  the  author  of  The 
Ultimate  Guide  to  Sex  and  Disability,  a  comprehensive 
sex  guide  for  people  living  with  a  disability  or  chronic 
pain  or  illness. 

Suzanne  J.  Wasiolek  76,  M.H.A.  78,  LL.M.  '93, 

assistant  vice  president  for  student  affairs  and  dean 
of  students  at  Duke,  is  co-author  of  Getting  the  Best 
Out  of  College:  A  Professor,  a  Dean,  and  a  Student  Tell 
You  How  to  Maximire  Your  Experience,  published  by 
Ten  Speed  Press  (see  p.  61).  Her  co-authors  are  Peter 
Feaver,  political  science  and  public  policy  professor 
at  Duke,  and  Anne  Bonner  Crossman  00. 

Darcy  E.  Hitchcock  77,  author  of  The  Business 
Guide  to  Sustainability,  has  won  the  Choice  Magarine 
award  for  "Outstanding  Academic  Titles  for  2007." 
She  is  working  on  The  Step-hy-Step  Guide  to  Sustain- 
ability  Planning,  scheduled  to  be  released  later  this  year. 

Roy  Phelan  B.S.M.E.  77  has  been  named  chief 
executive  officer  of  Inspiron  Logistics,  a  company 
that  offers  emergency  text-messaging  services  to  uni- 
versities, government  agencies,  and  corporations.  He 
lives  with  his  wife,  Debbie,  and  three  children  in 
Pepper  Pike,  Ohio,  near  Cleveland. 

Carol  Wiley  Cassella  78  is  the  author  of  Oxygen, 
a  novel  published  by  Simon  &  Schuster  (see  p.  60). 
She  lives  in  Bainbridge  Island,  Wash.,  with  her  hus- 
band, Stephen  Cassella,  and  theit  two  sets  of  twins. 

Bruce  Bacot  79  is  the  section  head  of  Pediatric 
Pulmonary,  Allergy,  and  Immunology  at  Mission 
Childten's  Hospital.  He  lives  in  Asheville,  N.C., 
with  his  wife,  Ashley,  and  their  two  daughters. 

Jennifer  Hillman-Berger  79,  M.Ed.  79  has 

been  appointed  to  the  Appellate  Body  of  the  World 
Trade  Organization,  based  in  Geneva.  The  body 
hears  appeals  from  dispute-settlement  panel  reports 
on  issues  of  law. 

BIRTHS...First  child  and  daughter  to  Bruce 
Bacot  79  and  Ashley  Bacot  on  April  27,  2006, 
named  Kylie  Elizabeth,  and  second  child  and 
daughter  on  Jan.  10,  2008,  named  Eliza  Michelle. 


1980s 


Ellen  Cabaniss  Bawcom  '80  was  tecognized  by 
Pennsylvania  Gov.  Edward  Rendell  as  one  of  the 
"Best  50  Women  in  Business."  Bawcom  is  the  owner 
and  founder  of  La  Tienda  Inc.,  a  Web-based  market- 
place that  offers  home  decor  art  with  an  emphasis 
on  environmental  sustainability  and  the  conserva- 
tion of  natutal  resources. 

John  H.  Hickey  J.D.  '80,  a  civil  trial  lawyer  in 
Miami,  has  won  a  multimillion-dollar  settlement  case 
against  Royal  Caribbean  Cruise  Line.  His  practice 
focuses  on  maritime,  personal  injury,  medical  mal- 
practice, and  commercial  litigation. 

Scott  H.  Peters  '80  is  running  for  city  attorney  for 
San  Diego.  He  is  currently  city  council  president. 

Karen  Dickinson  '82  was  named  chair  of  the 
Arizona  District  Export  Council.  The  nonprofit 
council  is  appointed  by  the  U.S.  Secretary  of 
Commerce  and  provides  professional  advice  to 
Arizona  businesses  looking  to  expand  internationally. 
Dickinson  is  a  partner  in  the  Phoenix  office  of 
Quarles  and  Brady,  a  law  firm. 
Maryann  Esernio-Bruce  '82  has  been  elected  to 
serve  on  the  advisory  board  for  Nina  McLemore,  an 
apparel  company  based  in  New  York. 

Leslie  Louise  Lowe  '82  was  promoted  from 


'.dukemagaiine.duke.edu 


deputy  commissioner  to  chief  financial  officer  of 
Bright  from  the  Statt:  Georgia  Department  of  Early 
Care  and  Learning.  She  is  responsible  tor  managing 
the  organization's  $450  million  annual  hudget  and  a 
staff  of  98  employees. 

David  M.  Bennett  B.S.E.  '83  has  been  included 
among  "Leaders  in  Their  Field"  tor  the  2008  Chambers 
USA.  He  practices  law  at  Thompson  &  Knight  in  Dallas. 

Rosalynn  Borofsky  Ritts  BSE.  '84  has  been 

elected  to  the  board  of  directors  of  Southeast  BIO,  a 
regional  nonprofit  organization  that  promotes  the 
growth  of  the  lite-sciences  industry  in  the  tegion. 

Jennifer  Copeland  '85,  M.Div.  '88,  Ph.D.  '08, 

who  serves  as  United  Methodist  chaplain  and  director 
of  the  Wesley  Fellowship  at  Duke,  recently  received 
the  Allan  Jetome  Burry  Award  from  the  national 
United  Methodist  Campus  Ministry  Association, 
given  annually  for  "promoting  campus  ministry  ser- 
vant leadership." 

Jonathan  M.  Crotty  '85,  J.D.  '88  has  been  named 
a  North  Carolina  Super  Lawyer  tor  employment  and 
labor  by  Laic  6?  Politics  magazine. 

Ellen  C.  Kramer  '85  has  joined  Springbok  Services 
Inc.  as  senior  vice  president  of  marketing.  Her  previ- 
ous marketing  experience  includes  working  with 
USA  Toiry,  Time  Life  Inc.,  and  America  Online. 

Sally  Gregory  McMillen  Ph.D.  '85  is  the  author 

of  Seneca  Falls  and  the  Origins  o/  the  Women's  Rights 
Movement,  the  latest  book  in  Oxford  University 
Press'  Pivotal  Moments  in  American  History  series 
(see  p.  61 ).  McMillan  is  a  professor  oi  history  and 
department  chair  at  Davidson  College. 

David  Lee  Brond  M.B.A.  '87,  M.H.A.  '88  has 
been  named  associate  vice  president  for  external  rela- 
tions at  the  University  of  Delaware.  He  will  be 
responsible  for  the  development  and  implementation 
of  the  university's  communications  activities  and  the 
development  of  institutional  relations. 

Joseph  Hester  Jr.  '87,  M.Div.  '91  is  the  new  pas- 
tot  at  Fitst  Presbyterian  Church  in  Smithfield,  N.C 

Amanda  Lamb  '88  is  the  author  of  Deadly  Dose,  a 
true-crime  hook  based  on  the  murder  of  an  AIDS 
researcher  by  his  scientist  wife.  Lamb  is  a  television 
reporter.  She  covers  the  crime  beat  for  WRAL-TV, 
Raleigh's  CBS  affiliate. 

Marc  H.  Klein  '88  has  co-authored  the  article 
"Government  Reforms  Seek  to  Discourage 
Unauthorized  Employment,"  published  in  the  April 
2008  issue  of  Dallas  Bar  Association  Headnotes. 

Shelly  Cryer  '89  is  the  author  of  The  Nonprofit 
Career  Guide:  How  to  Land  a  Jof>  That  Makes  a 
Difference,  a  comprehensive  guidebook  on  finding  a 
career  in  the  nonprofit  sector.  Cryer  has  been  a  con- 
sultant to  nonprofit  otganizations  for  18  years  and  is 
the  founder  of  American  Humanics'  Initiative  for 
Nonprofit  Sector  Careers.  She  lives  in  New  York 
with  her  husband,  Michael  Stern,  and  their  daughter. 

BIRTHS:  First  child  and  daughtet  to  Mary 
Hensley  Evans  '88  and  Jason  Adams  on  Aug.  21 , 
2007.  Named  Kaia  Quinn  Adams. .  .First  child  and 
daughter  to  Shelly  Cryer  '89  and  Michael  Stern  on 
Sept.  13,  2006.  Named  Hannon  Agatha  Stern. 


1990s 


Jacqueline  O.  Shogan  J.D.  '90  was  elected  j 

of  the  Superior  Court  of  Pennsylvania. 


MINI-PROFILE 


John  Conner  '51, 
world-class  diver 

John  Conner  started  diving  in 
1939,  when  he  was  a  nine- 
year-old  attending  a  regional 
4-H  summer  camp  in  West 
Virginia.  "I  wouldn't  go  to  the  shal- 
low end  and  swim,"  he  says.  "I  went 
to  the  diving-board  end  because  I 
wanted  something  exciting." 

Later  that  summer  Conner  walked 
away  from  West  Virginia's  state  4-H 
camp  with  a  diving  championship 
and  knew  he  had  found  his  sport.  In 
the  sixty-nine  years  since,  his  diving 
has  given  him  a  spot  in  the  Duke 
Sports  Hall  of  Fame  and  taken  him  to 
five  continents — most  recently  to 
Australia,  where  he  competed  this 
April  in  the  XII FINA  World  Masters 
Swimming  and  Diving  Champion- 
ships in  Perth,  winning  first  place  in 
the  one-meter  dive,  second  place  in 
the  three-meter  dive,  and  setting  a 
world's  record  point-score  of  186.18 
in  synchronized  diving. 

The  championships  in  Perth  rep- 
resented Conner's  last  international 
competition  in  the  74-79  age  bracket, 
an  arena  he  has  dominated  over  the 
past  four  years.  The  seventy-eight- 
year-old  earned  top  honors  in  one- 
meter  and  three-meter  diving  at  the 
2004  World  Masters  Championships 
in  Riccione,  Italy,  setting  point-score 
world  records  (of  202.65  and  202.1 5, 
respectively)  in  both  competitions. 

The  following  summer,  in 
Edmonton,  Alberta,  Conner  again 
won  first  place  in  the  one-meter 
competition,  setting  a  world's  record 
and  eclipsing  his  previous  mark  with 
a  score  of  279.25.  On  a  whim  he  also 
signed  up  for — and  won — the  pole 
vaulting  and  synchronized  diving 
competitions  in  Edmonton.  "I  signed 
up  with  this  fellow  I  call  'Crazy  Pete' 
from  Fort  Lauderdale  for  synchro- 
nized diving/'Conner  recalls  with  a 
chuckle.  "And  we  won  that,  too." 

At  Duke,  Conner  was  the  Southern 
Conference  diving  champion  in 
1949, 1950,  and  1951,  earning  Ail- 
American  honors  and  placing  in  the 
top  ten  at  the  NCAA  tournament  in 
1 949  and  1 950.  Upon  graduating,  he 


Flying  high:  Conner  in  championship  form,  above,  and  posing 
in  Duke  Hall  of  Fame  room. 


joined  the  Air  Force,  where  he  spent 
two  years  flying  F-86  combat  jets 
with  a  man  named  Michael  Collins. 
Collins  later  went  on  to  join  Buzz 
Aldrin  and  Neil  Armstrong  as  the 
third  astronaut  on  the  historic  Apollo 
11  moon  landing  mission. 

After  leaving  the  Air  Force,  Conner 
went  on  to  coach  diving  at  Harvard 
University  from  1956  until  1962.  "In 
1962  Harvard  beat  Yale  for  the  first 
time  in  twenty-three  years — by 
one  point,"  he  says.  "I  figured  we 
wouldn't  beat  them  again  for  twen- 
ty-three years,  so  I  might  as  well  go 
on  to  work  for  New  York  Life." 

This  is  Conner's  forty-fifth  year  as 
an  agent  at  the  New  York  Life  Insur- 


ance Company — the  only  statistic 
that  comes  close  to  rivaling  his  seven- 
decade  diving  career.  "I  could  retire  if 
I  wanted  to,"  he  says.  "But  it's  some- 
thing to  do,  and  it  keeps  me  busy.  I 
could  go  out  and  play  golf  for  thirty 
days,  but  then  I'd  be  bored  with  golf." 
His  wife,  Juanita  Conner,  used  to 
travel  with  him  to  diving  meets,  but 
she  died  in  January  2004,  after 
forty-nine  years  of  marriage.  "August 
of  that  year  we  would  have  been  fifty 
years,  and  I  competed  in  a  national 
meet  in  Chicago  on  August  20,  our 
anniversary," Conner  recalls.  "She 
would  have  wanted  me  to  go." 

— Jared  Mueller 


DUKE  MAGAZINE    July- August  2008 


Maureen  Coffey  Ackerly  '91  placed  74th  in  the 
U.S.  Olympic  Team  Trials  women's  marathon,  with  a 
time  of  2:47:04.  She  won  the  Richmond  Marathon  in 
2006  and  the  Napa  Valley  Marathon  in  2007.  A  part- 
ner at  the  law  firm  of  McGuire Woods,  she  lives  in 
Richmond,  Va.,  with  her  husband  and  coach,  Ben, 
and  their  two  children. 

Thomas  J.  Bell  M.T.S.  '91  published  a  new  book, 
Peter  Abelard  After  Marriage:  The  Spiritual  Direction 
ofHeloise  and  Her  Nuns  Through  Liturgical  Song.  It  is 
the  first  extensive  study  of  Abelard  as  musician  and 
spiritual  director. 

Robert  Cameron  '91  has  joined  Robinson 
Bradshaw  &  Hinson  in  Charlotte.  He  practices  trade- 
mark and  copyright  law. 

Robert  Gans  '91  is  senior  employment  counsel  for 
Computer  Sciences  Corp.  in  Falls  Church,  Va.  He 
was  recently  elected  vice  president  of  external  affairs 
for  the  Washington  Metropolitan  Area  Corporate 
Counsel  Association,  where  he  is  also  the  community 
service/pro  bono  chair. 

Andrew  J.  Kranis  '91  has  received  the  2008-09 
National  Endowment  for  the  Arts'  Rome  Prize  for  his 
work  in  historic  preservation  and  conservation.  The 
prize  is  awarded  by  the  American  Academy  in  Rome 
to  artists  and  scholars  in  a  variety  of  fields.  Kranis  is 
decor  project  manager  for  Whole  Foods  Market. 

Annabel  Schwedes  Monaghan  '91  is  co-author 

of  Click!:  The  Girl's  Guide  to  Knowing  What  You  Want 
and  Making  it  Happen,  a  book  of  advice  for  teenagers, 
published  by  Simon  &  Schuster.  Monaghan,  a  former 
investment  hanker,  runs  workshops  teaching  teenage 
girls  how  to  harness  positive  energy.  She  lives  in  Rye, 
N.Y.,  with  her  husband  and  three  young  children. 


Anne  M.  Valk  A.M.  '91,  Ph.D.  '96  is  the  author  of 
Radical  Sisters:  Second- Wane  Feminism  ami  Black 
Liberation  in  Washington,  D.C.  In  the  book,  she 
explores  the  ways  that  the  1960s  political  movements 
shaped  local,  grassroots  feminism.  Valk  is  associate 
director  of  programs  for  the  John  Nicholas  Brown 
Center  at  Brown  University. 
Jeffery  Fisher  '92  is  arguing  before  the  U.S. 
Supreme  Court  for  the  ninth  time.  He  is  a  law  profes- 
sor at  Stanford  University. 

Valecia  Maclin  B.S.E.  '92  has  been  honored  at  the 
2008  Black  Engineer  of  the  Yeat  awards  conference. 
Michelle  Barwell  '93  was  named  to  Pittsburgh 
Magazine's  2007  list  of  40  men  and  women  under  the 
age  of  40  "whose  creativity,  vision  and  passion  enrich 
the  Pittsburgh  region."  A  psychiatrist,  Barwell  works 
as  medical  director  of  case-management  services, 
based  at  Western  Psychiatric  Institute  &  Clinic. 
Christopher  Gergen  '93  is  co-author  of  Life 
Entrepreneurs :  Ordinary  People  Creating  Extraordinary 
Lives,  published  by  Jossey-Bass.  The  book,  which 
draws  from  interviews  with  55  leading  entrepreneurs 
worldwide,  documents  how  growing  numbers  of  peo- 
ple are  applying  the  principles  of  entrepreneurship  to 
other  aspects  of  life  and  offers  readers  practical  tips. 
Gergen  is  a  founding  partner  of  New  Mountain 
Ventures  and  a  visiting  lecturer  and  director  of  the 
Entrepreneurial  Leadership  Initiative  at  Duke. 
Anjali  Rani  Kataria  '93  is  chief  marketing  officer 
and  co-founder  of  Conformia  Software.  She  lives  in 
Los  Altos,  Calif.,  with  her  husband,  Vinay,  and 
daughter,  Pallavi. 

John  P.  Cleveland  M.T.S.  '94  presented  a  paper 
titled  "Beyond  Philosophy  101:  Tutoring  as 


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Midwifery"  at  a  student-affairs  conference  hosted  by 
New  York  University.  He  is  the  director  of  the 
Tutoring  Center  at  Pace  University  in  Manhattan. 

Deniz  FikretoglU  '94  is  the  lead  author  on  a 
recent  study  examining  barriers  in  seeking  medical 
care  for  military  personnel  with  mental  disorders. 
She  is  a  postdoctoral  fellow  at  McGill  University  and 
the  Douglas  Mental  Health  University  Institute. 

John  C.  Walters  M.B.A.  '94  was  promoted  to 

president  and  chief  operating  officer  of  life  operations 
at  the  Hartford  Financial  Services  Group. 

Robert  R.  Bailey  B.S.E.  '95  is  an  assistant  profes- 
sor in  the  systems  and  information  engineering 
department  at  the  University  of  Virginia. 

J.  Brett  Busby  '95  joined  Bracewell  &  Giuliani  as 
a  partner  in  the  law  firm's  Houston  office,  where  he 
will  work  in  the  appellate  group. 

Douglas  Koppel  '95  works  as  a  dermatologist  in 
private  practice  in  New  Orleans.  He  lives  with  his 
wife,  Tanya,  and  their  two  children. 

Cosmos  M.S.  Lyles  B.S.E.  '95  invented  the 
PerfectTune  Bridge,  a  device  that  keeps  the  strings  on 
guitars  in  tune. 

David  Azad  '96  is  a  principal  with  Galen  Partners, 
a  private-equity  investment  firm.  He  lives  in  New 
York  with  his  wife,  Melissa  Gushing  '96,  and  their 
two  children. 

Elaine  Thomas  Bailey  '96  received  her  Ph.D.  in 
clinical  psychology  from  the  University  of  Arizona  in 
2006.  She  is  a  postdoctoral  fellow  in  sleep  research  at 
the  University  of  Virginia. 

Melissa  Cushing  '96  is  an  assistant  professor  of 
pathology  and  laboratory  medicine  at  Weill  Cornell 
Medical  College  and  assistant  director  of  cellular 
therapy  and  transfusion  medicine  at  New  York  Pres- 
byterian Hospital.  She  lives  in  New  York  with  her 
husband,  David  Azad  '96,  and  their  two  children. 

Elizabeth  M.  Keever  '96  finished  in  10th  place  at 
the  Rock  'n'  Roll  Marathon  in  Tempe,  Ariz.,  and 
placed  84th  in  the  U.S.  Olympic  Team  Trials  women's 
marathon,  with  a  time  of  2:48:41.  She  serves  as  direc- 
tor of  Raising  a  Reader,  an  educational  nonprofit  in 
San  Francisco. 

Karen  Remley  M.B.A.  '97  has  been  named  the 
Commissioner  of  Health  for  Virginia. 

Trent  R.  Stamp  M.P.P.  '97  has  been  appointed 
executive  director  of  the  Eisner  Foundation.  He  is 
the  founder  of  Charity  Navigator,  an  online  resource 
for  donors  interested  in  giving  to  charities. 

Shuchi  Shah  B.S.E.  '98  is  a  fellow  in  pediatric 
endocrinology  at  Children's  Medical  Center  in 
Dallas.  After  she  finishes  her  training,  she  plans  to 
move  to  Tampa,  Fla. 

Jason  Byassee  M.Div.  '99,  Ph.D.  '05  has  written 
An  Introduction  to  the  Desert  Fathers,  published  by 
Cascade  Books.  The  book  is  a  companion  guide  to 
Sayings  of  the  Desert  Fathers.  Byassee  serves  as  an  assis- 
tant editor  at  The  Christian  Century,  where  he  has 
won  numerous  awards  for  excellence  in  journalism. 

David  Cloutier  A.M.  '99,  Ph.D.  '01  has  written  a 

book,  Love,  Reason,  and  God's  Story:  An  Introduction 
to  Catholic  Se.viwl  Ethics,  published  by  Saint  Mary's 
Press.  Cloutier  is  an  assistant  professor  of  theology  at 
Mount  St.  Mary's  University. 

Jay  Krystinik  '99  has  joined  Powell  Goldstein's 
law  office  in  Dallas  as  an  associate.  He  will  help 
expand  the  firm's  litigation  services  group. 


www.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


MARRIAGES:  Maya  E.  Ynostroza  '94  to  Andrew 
Lanphere  on  Feb.  2,  2008.  Residence:  Oakland,  Calif. 

BIRTHS:  Second  child  and  first  son  to  K risten 
Gislason  Callow  '90  and  Sean  Callow  on  Oct.  9, 

2007.  Named  Heath  Malcom... Daughter  to  Juan- 
Carlos  Scott  '90  and  Marcela  Scott  on  April  3, 

2008.  Named  Emelina  Rachel... First  child  and  son  to 
Robert  Cameron  '91  and  Julie  Cameron  on  Jan. 
21,  2008.  Named  Preston  Wyatt... Fourth  child  and 
third  daughter  to  Sara  Cohen  '91  and  Norm  Rich 
on  Aug.  24,  2007.  Named  Lauren  Paige  Rich... Third 
child  and  first  daughter  to  Robert  Gans  '91  and 
Kelly  Gans  on  Jan.  8,  2008.  Named  Samantha 
Lily... Third  child  and  first  son  to  Cheryl 

Baggeroer  '92  and  Lynwood  Turner  '92  on 

June  25,  2007.  Named  Leo Cullen Turner... Second 
child  and  first  son  to  Virginia  Fay  '94,  M.A.  '99 
and  Kenneth  Rona  Ph.D.  '00  on  Dec.  31,  2007. 
Named  Doyle  Corey  Rona. .  .Third  child  and  second 
son  to  Jennifer  Nash  Schubert  '94  and  Jason  A. 
Schubert  on  May  14,  2007.  Named  Luke  Arden.. . 
Second  child  and  first  son  to  Robert  Reid  Bailey 
B.S.E.  '95  and  Elaine  Thomas  Bailey  '96  on  July 
17,  2007.  Named  Linwood  Reid. .  .First  child  and  son 
to  Adelie  Oakley  Barry  '95  and  Jeffery  Barry  on 
Feb.19,  2008.  Named  Grant  Samuel... First  child  and 
daughter  to  Brooke  Hines  Beacham  BSE.  '95 
and  Jenny  Beacham  on  March  29,  2008.  Named 
Tybee  Elizabeth... First  child  and  son  to  Laura 

VanDevender  Hawkins  '95  and  Kevin  Hawkins 

on  Dec.  22,  2007.  Named  Thomas  Alexander. . . 
Second  child  and  first  son  to  Douglas  Koppel  '95 
and  Tanya  Koppel  on  Dec.  16,  2007.  Named  Cole 
Hogan... Second  child  and  first  daughter  to  Robyn 
Osbourne  Paris  '95  and  Bradley  E.  Paris 
B.S.E.  '95  on  March  29,  2008.  Named  Avery 
Elizabeth. .  .Third  child  and  son  to  Debora  Byrne 
Rinkevich  '95  and  Rory  Rinkevich  on  Feb.  20, 
2008.  Named  Christopher  Ryan. .  .Second  child  and 

first  son  to  David  Azad  '96  and  Melissa 

Cushing  '96  on  Oct.  2,  2007.  Named  Justin 
Matthew. .  .Second  child  and  first  son  to  Elaine 
Thomas  Bailey  '96  and  Robert  Reid  Bailey 
B.S.E.  '95  on  July  17,  2007.  Named  Linwood 
Reid... Second  child  and  daughter  to  Katherine 
Shewey  White  '96  and  Christian  Streit 
White  M.Div.'98  on  Jan.  25,  2008.  Named  Sadie 
Christine... First  child  and  daughter  to  Julie 
Brashears  Wraithmell  '96  and  Andrew 
Wraithmell  on  Feb.  28,  2008.  Named  Maisie 
Lark... First  child  and  daughter  to  Jonathan  Ganz 
'97  and  Rebecca  Ganz  on  Feb.  29,  2008.  Named 
Sadie  Cecilia... First  child  and  son  to  Elizabeth 
Osterwise  KatZ  '97  and  Samuel  M.  Katz  on  Feb. 
12,  2008.  Named  Samuel  Jacob... Third  child  and 
first  daughter  to  Anthony  Volpe  '97  and  Jaclyn 
Bova  Volpe  '97  on  Jan.  6,  2007.  Named  Alena 
Maria... Second  child  and  son  to  Trey  Dempsey 
'98  and  Sherrill  Kester  Dempsey  00  on  Jan.  17, 

2008.  Named  Lawrence  Howard  Dempsey  IV... First 

child  and  son  to  Andrew  Grossman  '98  and 

Melissa  Grossman  on  Feb.  19,  2008.  Named 
Alexander  Charles. .  .First  child  and  daughter  to 
Tamara  Mills  Lawrence  '98  and  Mark  Lawrence 
on  Jan.  30,  2008.  Named  Emma  Marguerite...  Second 

child  and  first  son  to  Barbara  Boston  McKinney 

'98  and  Burns  McKinney  on  Feb.  17,  2008.  Named 
Jacob  Burns... First  child  and  daughter  to  Shuchi 
Shah  '98  and  Mark  Arey  on  March  4,  2008. 
Named  Mikaela  Cameron... Second  child  and 
daughter  to  Christian  Streit  White  M.Div.  '98 
and  Katherine  Shewey  White  '96  on  Jan.  25, 
2008.  Named  Sadie  Christine. . .First  child  and 
daughter  to  Amber  Willis  Hallmark  '99  and 
Christopher  Hallmark  on  Nov.  28,  2007.  Named 


MINI-PROFILE 

Marie  M.  Fortune  '72, 
building  stronger  faith 
communities 

As  founder  and  senior  ana- 
lyst at  Seattle's  FaithTrust 
Institute,  The  Reverend 
Marie  M.  Fortune  72  over- 
sees an  international,  multifaith 
organization  dedicated  to  ending 
sexual  and  domestic  violence  and 
abuse  by  members  of  the  clergy.  It's 
an  ambitious  undertaking  whose 
roots  can  be  traced  back  to  Fortune's 
undergraduate  experiences  at  Duke. 

She  arrived  on  campus  in  the  fall 
of  1 968,  a  turbulent  time  for  college 
campuses  across  the  country. 
Fortune  was  open  to  new  ideas,  hav- 
ing grown  up  in  a  Methodist  congre- 
gation in  Asheville,  North  Carolina, 
that  encouraged  intellectual  honesty 
and  critical  thinking. 

She  found  a  spiritual  home  in  the 
campus  chapter  of  the  YMCA-YWCA, 
where  the  staff  "helped  us  get 
through  questions  like  do  we  boycott 
class  or  not  and  why," she  says. 
Within  that  context,  she  and  other 
students  began  conversations  about 
how  they  could  remain  involved  in 
social  issues  and  still  earn  a  living. 

By  graduation  she  had  a  goal:  to 
bring  a  religious  perspective  to  issues 
surrounding  sexism  and  racism.  But 
she  wasn't  yet  sure  how  to  do  that. 
During  her  seminary  years,  she  found 
kindred  spirits  in  the  United  Church 
of  Christ,  which  ordained  her  without 
a  "call "  in  the  traditional  sense  of  an 
actual  job  prospect. 

In  the  mid-'70s,  Fortune  was  liv- 
ing in  Seattle,  working  with  the 
church,  and  volunteering  at  a  rape 
crisis  center.  When  clients  at  the  cen- 
ter learned  that  she  was  an  ordained 
minister,  they  approached  her  with 
questions  about  what  faith  says 
about  sexual  abuse.  At  the  same 
time,  she  discovered  that  many  in 


the  religious  community  were  ill- 
equipped  to  help  members  of  their 
congregations  who  were  facing  sexu- 
al or  domestic  violence. 

To  address  that  void,  Fortune 
launched  the  Center  for  the  Preven- 
tion of  Sexual  and  Domestic  Violence, 
forerunner  of  the  FaithTrust  Institute. 
Today,  the  Institute  works  collabora- 
tively with  a  wide  range  of  ethnic 
and  religious  communities.  For  ex- 
ample, the  organization  produces 
culturally  specific  materials  geared 
toward  Jewish,  Christian,  Muslim, 
Buddhist,  and  Asian-Pacific  popula- 
tions; offers  workshops  and  training 
for  staff  in  secular  and  religious  or- 
ganizations; and  works  with  clergy 
and  lay  leaders  to  promote  healthy 
and  safe  congregations.  It  also  pub- 
lishes the  Journal  of  Religion  &  Abuse: 
Advocacy,  Pastoral  Care  and  Prevention. 

Fortune  has  authored  or  co- 
authored  a  number  of  books,  includ- 
ing Keeping  the  Faith:  Guidance  for 
Christian  Women  Facing  Abuse  and 
Is  Nothing  Sacred?:  When  Sex  Invades 
the  Pastoral  Relationship.  She  also 
served  as  a  consultant  for  the 
National  Advisory  Council  on  Vio- 
lence Against  Women  for  the  U.S. 


Department  of  Justice  from  1994  to 
2000,  and  on  the  Task  Force  on  Do- 
mestic Violence  for  the  U.S.  Defense 
Department  from  1999  to  2003. 

In  the  more  than  three  decades 
since  it  was  founded,  FaithTrust  In- 
stitute  (www.faithtrustinstitute.org) 
has  helped  countless  congregations 
become  better  equipped  to  acknowl- 
edge and  address  issues  of  sexual 
and  domestic  violence  and  abuse  by 
clergy,  says  Fortune.  But  there  is  still 
plenty  of  work  to  be  done. 

"It's  easy  for  a  congregation  and 
its  leaders  to  understand  illness  or 
natural  disaster  and  respond  imme- 
diately and  generously,"  she  says.  "It's 
harder  when  one  person  in  the  con- 
gregation has  done  harm  to  another. 

"Those  of  us  working  within  faith 
communities  can  either  be  road- 
blocks for  helping  people  who  have 
been  abused,  or  we  can  be  resources. 
We  want  to  help  people  understand 
the  practical  as  well  as  the  theologi- 
cal foundation  of  what  needs  to  be 
done  in  those  situations." 

— SaraEngram 

Engram  is  a  freelance  writer  based 
in  Baltimore. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE    July- August  2008 


Kendyll  Elliyana. .  .Second  child  and  son  to  Brooke 
Shirey  Mackay  '99  and  Brent  Mackay  on  March 
10,  2008.  Named  Cole  Patrick. 


2000s 

Anne  Bonner  Crossman  '00  is  co-author  of 
Getting  the  Best  t  )»t  of  College:  A  /Vu/essor,  a  Dean,  and 
a  Student  Tell  You  I  low  to  Maximize  Your  Experience, 
published  by  Ten  Speed  Press  (see  p.  61).  Writing 
with  Duke  professor  Peter  Feaver  and  dean  of  stu- 
dents Suzanne  J.  Wasiolek  76,  M.H.A.  78, 

LL.M.  '93,  Crossman  shares  tips  on  navigating  the 
college  experience.  She  is  a  freelance  writer  in  Seattle. 

Lindsay  Stieber  Milstein  '00  is  manager  of  glob- 
al recruiting,  hiring  programs,  and  policy  administra- 
tion at  Latham  &  Watkins,  a  law  firm  in  San  Diego. 

Tripp  York  M.T.S.  '00  is  author  of  The  Purple 
Crown:  The  Politics  oj  Martyrdom,  published  by 
Herald  Press.  In  the  book,  he  describes  martyrdom  as 
an  inherently  political  act.  York  is  visiting  assistant 
professor  of  religious  studies  and  serves  on  the  com- 
mittee for  nonviolence  studies  at  Elon  University. 

Keona  Katrice  Ervin  '01  was  selected  by  the 
Organization  of  American  Historians  to  receive  a 
Huggins-Quarles  Award,  given  annually  to  one  or 
two  graduate  students  of  color  at  the  dissertation 
research  stage  of  their  Ph.D.  program.  Her  disserta- 
tion is  "Entitled  to  Live:  Black  Woman  Labor  Ac- 
tivists, the  Civil  Rights  Movement,  and  the  Gendered 
Politics  of  Freedom  in  St.  Louis,  1933-1973." 

Daune  Gardner  M.E.M.  '02  has  been  elected 
mayor  of  Waxhaw,  N.C.,  a  town  south  of  Charlotte. 


Ashley  Harris  Johnston  02  practices  law  with 
Looper,  Reed,  &  McGraw  in  Dallas.  She  focuses  on 
health-care  and  corporate  matters. 

Lisa  Jean  Caldmeyer  '03  has  joined  Graydon 
Head  and  Ritchey  in  Cincinnati  as  an  associate, 
working  in  the  law  firm's  human  resources  client 
service  department. 

Sandeep  Kishore  '04  has  received  a  Paul  and 
Daisy  Soros  Fellowship,  awarded  to  30  Americans 
each  year.  It  includes  a  $20,000  maintenance  grant 
and  half  tuition  for  any  graduate  program  in  the  U.S. 
for  two  years.  Kishore  is  a  third-yeat  student  in  the 
tri-institutional  MD-PhD  Weill  Cornell/Rockefeller/ 
Sloan-Kettering  Program. 

Cameron  Levy  B.S.E.  '04  has  been  promoted  to  con- 
sultant at  Mars  &  Co.,  a  management  consulting  firm. 

Phebe  Ko  '05  placed  61st  in  the  U.S.  Olympic 
Team  Trials  women's  marathon,  with  a  time  of 
2:45:20.  It  was  Ko's  fifth  marathon.  She  placed  22nd 
in  the  Boston  Marathon  in  both  2006  and  2007.  Ko 
lives  in  North  Salt  Lake,  Utah. 

Paige  Miller  '05  placed  68th  in  the  U.S.  Olympic 
Team  Trials  women's  marathon,  with  a  time  of 
2:46:13.  It  was  her  third  marathon.  She  is  now  in 
graduate  school  at  the  Pennsylvania  State  University. 

Crystal  Renee  Sanders  05  was  selected  by  the 
Otganization  of  American  Historians  to  receive  a 
Huggins-Quarles  Award,  given  annually  to  one  or 
two  graduate  students  of  color  at  the  dissertation  re- 
search  stage  of  their  Ph.D.  program.  Her  dissertation 
is  titled  "Redeeming  the  Community:  Mississippi 
Black  Women  and  Head  Start,  1965-1967." 

David  Noonan  B.S.  '06  has  been  promoted  to 


Experience  all  the  pleasures  of  our  gracious  Inn.  Shady  pine-scented 

fairways. ..a  sparkling  pool. ..elegant  guest  rooms  and  four-diamond 

dining.  A  warm  welcome's  waiting  for  our  friends  from  Duke. 

Luxurious  rooms  Cr  suites  •  Restaurants  fy  golf-view  dining  terrace 
Pool,  sundeck  &  fitnes:  center  •  Top-ranked  golf  •  Executive  Conference  Center 


Washington  Duke 
Inn  &  Golf  Club 


3001   CAMERON  BOULEVARD,  DURHAM,  NC  27705 
800.443.3853     919.490.0999     WASHINGTONDUKEINN.COM 


senior  associate  consultant  at  Mars  &  Co.,  a  manage- 
ment consulting  firm. 

Andrew  Schmidt  B.S.E.  '06  has  been  promoted 
to  senior  associate  consultant  at  Mars  &  Co.,  a  man- 
agement consulting  firm. 

Stephen  Fink  '07  has  been  included  among 
"Leaders  in  their  Field"  for  2008  Chambers  USA. 
He  practices  law  at  Thompson  &  Knight  in  Dallas. 

Sally  E.  Meyerhoff  '07  finished  in  sixth  place 
at  the  Rock  'n'  Roll  Marathon  in  Tempe,  Ariz., 
and  placed  20th  in  the  U.S.  Olympic  Team  Trials 
women's  marathon,  with  a  time  of  2:39:39.  It  was 
her  second  marathon.  Meyethoff,  of  Tempe,  Ariz., 
coaches  cross  country  at  her  former  high  school, 
Mountain  Pointe  High  School,  in  Phoenix. 

MARRIAGES:  Lindsay  R.  Stieber  '00  to  Lee 

Milstein  on  Jan.  12,  2008.  Residence:  Del  Mar, 
Calif...  Stephanie  Spalding  B.S.E.  '01  to  Steven 
Cook  on  Nov.  3,  2007.  Residence:  Newport  News, 
Va...  Rebecca  Koenig  '03  to  Jason  Berrebi  on 
Jan.  20,  2008.  Residence:  New  York. . .  Genevieve 
Haze  Luehrs  '04  to  Jon  A.  Hayes  on  Sept.  2,  2007. 

Residence:  Charleston,  S.C lohn  Kyle  Warren 

'04  to  Aileen  De  Los  Rios  '05  on  Feb.  23,  2008. 

Residence:  .Arlington,  Va. 

BIRTHS:  Second  child  and  son  to  Sherrill  Kester 
Dempsey  '00  and  Trey  Dempsey  '98  on  Jan.  17, 

2008.  Named  Lawrence  Howard  Dempsey  IV... 
Second  child  and  first  son  to  Kenneth  Rona  '00 
and  Virginia  Fay  '94  on  Dec.  31,  2007.  Named 
Doyle  Corey. .  .First  child  and  daughter  to  Perin 

Pogue  Goodman  01  and  Michael  D.  Goodman 

'01  on  April  4,  2007.  Named  Natalie  Isabella... First 
child  and  son  to  Kathleen  Kirch ner  McCoy  01 
and  Daniel  McCoy  on  Jan.  9,  2008.  Named 
Beauregard. .  .First  child  and  daughter  to  Sharon 
Sullivan  Price  '01  and  Michael  Price  on  Dec.  22, 
2007.  Named  Audrey  Susan... First  child  and  daugh- 
ter to  Jay  Wohlken  M.B.A  '02  and  Amy  Wohlken 
on  Nov.  24,  2007.  Named  Ava  Christina. 


Deaths 


Charlotte  Pittman  Fields  '25  of  Grifton,  N.C.,  on 
Dec.  31,  2007.  She  was  in  the  first  graduating  class  of 
the  newly  tenamed  Duke  University.  She  taught 
high-school  English  and  French  until  1933.  She  was 
a  member  ot  the  Swansboro  United  Methodist 
Church  and  treasurer  for  her  chapter  of  the  Eastern 
Star,  and  belonged  to  the  Daughters  of  the  American 
Revolution.  She  is  survived  by  nieces  and  nephews. 

Grace  Tillett  Temple  R.N.  '33,  B.S.N.  '38  of 
Charlotte,  on  Nov.  20,  2007.  She  began  her  career  as 
a  public-health  nurse,  eventually  working  in  Durham 
as  an  ob-gyn  nurse.  She  is  survived  by  a  daughter;  two 
brothers;  a  sister;  and  a  grandson. 

Eleanor  Congdon  Putney  '36  of  Blacksburg, 
Va.,  on  Nov.  18,  2007.  In  addition  to  Duke,  she 
attended  the  Juilliard  School  ot  Music  and  the  New 
England  Conservatory  before  graduating  from  the 
State  Teachers  College  at  Buffalo  with  a  degree  in 
education.  For  17  years,  she  taught  elementaty  school 
in  New  York.  She  is  survived  by  a  son,  two  daughters, 
a  granddaughter,  and  two  great-granddaughters. 

Jean  Beebe  Ingram  '37  of  Lewes,  Del.,  on  Dec. 
7,  2007.  She  was  an  educator  in  Delaware  for  24 
years.  She  is  survived  by  two  daughters;  two  brothers, 
including  James  Beebe  Jr.  '41;  a  sister;  three 
grandchildren;  and  seven  great-grandchildren. 


/.dukemagazine. duke.edu 


Charlotte  Markham  Shuford  '37  of  Elon,  N.C., 
on  Nov.  29,  2007.  For  more  than  30  years,  she  taught 
high-school  English  and  French.  She  is  survived  by  a 
son;  a  brother,  Charles  B.  Markham  '45;  two 

grandchildren;  and  two  great-grandchildren. 

Frank  O.  Braynard  '39  of  Sea  Cliff,  N.Y.,  on 
Dec.  10,  2007.  After  receiving  an  M.A.  in  maritime 
history  from  Columbia  University,  he  worked  as  a 
ship  news  reporter  for  The  Herald  Tribune  and  later 
managed  public  relations  for  the  American  Merchanr 
Marine  Institute  and  the  Moran  Tugboat  and 
Transportation  Co.  For  20  years,  he  was  also  the 
curator  of  the  U.S.  Merchanr  Marine  Academy 
museum  at  Kings  Point,  N.Y.  He  is  survived  by  his 
wife,  Doris;  a  son;  a  daughter;  a  sister;  two  grand- 
daughters; and  two  nephews,  Arthur  Peabody  Jr. 
'65  and  Robert  Peabody  '70. 

Richard  A.  Dotter  B.S.M.E.  '39  of  Springvale, 
Maine,  on  Oct.  28,  2007.  He  was  an  engineer. 
Survivors  include  his  wife,  Eleanor. 

Jane  Kitchen  Duff  '39  of  Chattanooga,  Tenn., 
on  Nov.  29,  2007.  She  was  active  in  many  charitable 
and  historical  organizations,  including  the  Huguenot 
Society  of  Tennessee  and  the  Junior  League  of 
Chattanooga.  She  is  survived  by  her  husband, 
Thomas;  a  daughter;  a  son;  five  gtandchildren;  and 
two  great-grandchildren. 

Robert  Hitch  B.S.M.E.  '39  of  Florence,  S.C.,  on 
Dec.  8,  2007.  He  received  an  M.A.  in  automotive 
engineering  from  rhe  University  oi  Michigan.  During 
World  War  II,  he  helped  develop  the  jet  engine. 
Later,  he  worked  on  standardized  international  ship- 
ping containers  for  Strick  Trailer  Corp.  After  retiring, 
he  became  a  cattle  farmer  and  furniture  maker.  He  is 
survived  by  two  sons,  including  Robert  R.  Hitch 
'67;  three  grandsons;  a  granddaughter;  and  fourgreat- 
grandchildren. 

Jean  Howell  Laramore  '39  of  Atlanta,  on  Nov. 

13,  2007.  Presidenr  of  the  Cassina  Garden  Club,  she 
won  many  awards  for  her  day  lilies.  She  is  survived  by 
a  stepson,  sister,  and  two  step-grandchildren. 

Doris  Matthews  Carver  '40  of  Roxboro,  N.C, 
on  Nov.  5,  2007.  She  taught  elementary  school  for  32 
years.  She  is  survived  by  a  son,  two  sisters,  a  brother, 
and  three  grandchildren. 

Robert  Everett  '40,  L  '42  of  Potomac  Falls,  Va., 
on  Dec.  23,  2007.  He  served  as  a  Navy  Supply  Corps 
officer  in  the  Pacific  during  World  War  II  and  con- 
tinued in  the  Navy  for  an  additional  34  years.  He 
earned  an  M.B.A.  from  Stanford  University.  Aftet 
retiring,  he  moved  ro  Honolulu  and  became  a  vice 
president  of  Honolulu  Gas  Co.  and  served  as  a  medi- 
ator in  the  Hawaiian  court  system.  He  is  survived  by 
his  wife,  Helene;  two  daughtets;  a  son;  six  grandchil- 
dren; and  seven  great-grandchildren. 

Roy  W.  Forrester  Jr.  '40  of  Dillon,  Mont.,  on 
Dec.  15,  2007.  During  World  War  II,  he  served  as  a 
master  sergeant  in  the  Army  and  was  platoon  leader 
during  the  invasion  of  Saipan  Island  in  the  Pacific.  Af- 
ter the  war,  he  was  a  rancher  in  Montana  for  56  years. 
He  is  survived  by  a  son,  William  W.  Forrester 
'75;  three  daughters;  and  six  grandchildren. 

Donald  W.  Lynch  M.F  '40,  D.F  '55  of  Riverside, 
Calif,  on  Dec.  4,  2007.  He  served  for  four  years  as 
a  lieutenant  in  the  Navy  during  World  War  II, 
working  as  chief  engineer  on  the  destroyer  USS 
Mugford.  After  the  war,  he  attended  Duke  and 
worked  for  28  years  with  the  Forest  Service.  He  is 
survived  by  two  sons,  a  daughter,  nine  grandchildren, 
and  a  great-grandchild. 


MINI-PROFILE 

Julie  Gokr '90, 
book-club  facilitator 

as  your  book  group  bogged 
down  in  the  complexities 
of  A  Thousand  Splendid 
Sunsl  Are  you  missing  the 
references  in  The  lane  Austen  Book 
Club?  Is  the  plot  of  Orhan  Pamuk's 
Snow  eluding  you?  If  you  live  in  Los 
Angeles,  help  is  at  hand. 

Call  Julie  Goler,  professional 
book-club  facilitator.  That's  right; 
she  gets  paid  to  lead  groups  of 
women  in  productive  discussion  of 
the  books  they  read  for  pleasure. 

"I  was  a  voracious  reader  as  a  kid 
and  during  the  time  I  was  at  Duke," 
says  Goler,  who  was  an  English 
major.  After  Duke,  Goler  earned  her 
master's  at  Columbia  University  and 
then  taught  English  at  Stuyvesant 
High  School  in  New  York.  "I  think  I 
missed  Frank  McCourt,  one  of  my 
favorite  teaching  authors,  by  a  year 
or  two,"  she  says. 

From  there,  she  moved  to  Cali- 
fornia and  ended  up  teaching  English 
at  Beverly  Hills  High  School.  Soon, 
she  was  asked  to  lead  a  book  group 
for  the  adult  school  on  campus. 

"It  was  a  really  popular  course," 
says  Goler.  "I  began  getting  a  lot  of 
calls  from  book  groups  around  the 
city  because  my  name  was  in  the 
adult-school  course  catalogue.  I  real- 
ized there  was  a  need,  so  I  printed  up 
business  cards  saying  simply  'Julie 
Goler,  Reader/  took  them  to  the 
independent  book  stores  around 
town — and  started  getting  calls." 

Goler  has  worked  with  more  then 
twenty  groups  so  far,  "but  I  can't 
really  do  more  than  ten  at  any  one 
time.  I  limit  my  book  groups  to  Mon- 
day and  Tuesday  nights." 


She  says  she  has  a  simple  criterion 
for  choosing  titles.  "My  philosophy 
is  that  I  read  what  I  read,  and  if  they 
like  what  I  read,  then  I  am  a  good 
moderator  for  them.  If  they  don't, 
then  I'm  not." 

A  recent  book  that  provoked  lively 
discussion  was  Cormac  McCarthy's 
The  Road,  the  story  of  a  father  and 
son  exploring  a  post-apocalypse 
world.  "People  found  it  very  grim, 
but  they  were  blown  away  by  his 
prose,"  Goler  says.  Among  other  con- 
temporary titles  she  recommends  are 
Edwidge  Danticat's  Brother,  I'm 
Dying,  Ian  McEwan's  On  Chesil  Beach, 
and  Lucette  Lagnado's  The  Man  in  the 
White  Sharkskin  Suit. 

"I  also  try  to  do  classics  once  or 
twice  a  year  and  make  them  read- 
able/'Goler  says.  "The  best  discus- 
sion, yet  the  most  challenging  one, 
I've  led  was  of  George  Eliot's  Middle- 
march.  It  was  daunting  because  of 
the  size." 

Goler,  who  has  lived  in  L.A.  since 
moving  to  the  city  at  twenty-three, 
travels  to  her  clients'  homes  for  her 
groups,  and  charges  $250  a  session. 

"I  run  a  meeting  like  a  salon," 


she  says.  "The  first  thing  that  I  do  is 
introduce  the  author  and  his  or  her 
biography.  I'll  give  the  historical 
background  on  the  book  if  there's 
any  that's  relevant,  and  then  we  start 
the  discussion." 

She  e-mails  discussion  questions 
and  "focus  points"  to  readers  a  week 
in  advance,  along  with  "Goler's  Picks," 
a  list  of  additional  recommended 
books,  as  well  as  movies  and  even 
good  restaurants  and  fun  shopping 
spots  she  has  discovered. 

Goler  acknowledges  that  she  runs 
a  tight  ship.  "I  do  allow  women  to 
bring  in  their  personal  experiences, 
but  I  run  it  like  a  classroom.  I  don't 
want  any  one  person  to  dominate 
the  discussion.  I  also  want  to  hear 
from  the  quieter  people.  I  remind 
everyone,  'This  is  why  you  guys 
brought  me  in.  This  is  why  I  make  the 
big  bucks.' " 

— Catherine  O'Neill  Grace 


Grace,  a  freelance  writer  based  in 
Whitinsville,  Massachusetts,  is  a 
member  of  two  book  groups,  both  of 
which  could  benefit  from  a  facilitator. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE    July- August  2008         75 


Paul  W.  Jones  Jr.  '41  of  Marietta,  Ga.,  on  Dec.  3, 
2007.  After  serving  in  the  Army  during  World  War 
11,  he  worked  for  40  years  with  Spalding  Sporting 
Goods.  He  is  survived  hy  his  wife,  Jane;  two  sons, 
including  Sidney  Craig  Jones  74;  two  daughters; 
1 3  grandchildren;  and  seven  great-grandchildren. 

Frank  W.  Baker  '42  of  Advance,  N.C.,  on  Nov.  1, 
2007.  As  president  of  Baker  Construction  Co.,  he 
worked  in  road  construction,  farming,  and  land 
development.  He  is  survived  hy  his  wife,  Jean 
Weyman  Baker  '41;  a  son;  and  a  grandson. 

Arthur  McDonald  Jr.  '42,  L  '50  of  Durham,  on 
Dec.  27,  2007.  He  served  in  the  Army  for  five  years 
during  World  War  11  hefore  graduating  from  UNC- 
CH  in  1947  and  the  University  of  Richmond  Law 
School  in  1952.  In  1953,  he  began  practicing  law  in 


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Durham  with  his  father.  He  is  survived  hy  his  wife, 
Eleanor;  a  son;  a  brother;  and  two  sisters. 

Charles  Hamilton  Reid  M.D.  '42  of  Winston- 
Salem,  on  Nov.  18,  2007.  He  received  his  B.A.  from 
UNC-CH.  After  opening  a  private  practice  in  1945, 
he  served  as  a  major  in  the  Army  in  Japan,  resuming 
his  medical  practice  upon  his  return.  He  is  survived 
by  his  wife,  Beth;  two  sons;  two  daughters;  a  sister; 
nine  grandchildren;  and  nine  great-grandchildren. 

James  H.  Underwood  '42  of  Lady  Lake,  Fla.,  on 
Oct.  29,  2007.  He  lettered  in  baseball  while  at  Duke. 
He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Phyllis,  and  three  daughters. 

Marcia  Webber  Edwards  '43  of  Elyria,  Ohio, 
on  Nov.  5,  2007.  She  attended  Duke  for  a  year, 
then  went  on  to  graduate  from  Ohio  State  Univer- 
sity. She  worked  for  Army  Intelligence  in  Washing- 
ton during  World  War  11  and  then  worked  as  a 
substitute  teacher  for  31  years.  She  is  survived  by 
two  daughters,  a  son,  nine  grandchildren,  and  four 
great-grandchildren. 

Margaret  "Peggy"  Ross  Hemmendinger 

'43  of  Santa  Fe,  N.M.,  on  Dec.  10,  2007.  She  worked 
at  the  Naval  Ordnance  Laboratory  in  Washington, 
the  Bell  Laboratory  in  New  Jersey,  and  at  Los 
Alamos.  She  is  survived  by  her  husband,  Arthur; 
two  sons;  a  daughter;  four  grandchildren;  and  three 
great-grandchildren. 

Jean  Purcell  McDonald  '43  of  Round  Hill,  Va., 
on  Dec.  4,  2007.  She  worked  in  advertising  before 
joining  the  Red  Cross  as  a  staff  assistant  stationed  in 
Heidelberg,  Germany,  at  the  end  of  World  War  II. 
After  the  war,  she  worked  as  a  freelance  writer  and  as 
postmaster  in  Round  Hill.  She  is  survived  by  her  hus- 
band, Marvin;  two  children;  and  two  grandchildren. 

Jimmie  A.  Scott  '43  of  Fair  Bluff,  N.C.,  on  Nov. 
17,  2007.  He  served  in  the  Pacific  with  the  Navy 
during  World  War  II  and  was  a  major  in  the  Army 
National  Guard.  Recipient  of  Fair  Bluff's  Lifetime 
Achievement  Award,  he  owned  and  operated  Scott 
Oil  Co.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Jackie;  a  daughter; 
four  sons;  thtee  grandsons,  including  Scott  Walker 
Bullard  M.Div.  '02;  four  granddaughters;  three 
great-grandsons;  and  a  great-granddaughter. 

Warren  Chandler  Blake  '44  of  Trumbull,  Conn., 
on  Dec.  23,  2007.  A  World  War  II  Army  veteran,  he 
worked  for  60  years  as  an  accountant  for  Sikorsky 
Aircraft  Corp.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Barbara;  a 
son;  a  daughter;  a  sister;  and  two  grandchildren. 

Stephen  C.  Clark  Jr.  B.S.E.E.  '44  of  Loveland, 
Colo.,  on  Dec.  27,  2007.  During  World  War  II,  he 


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served  in  the  Navy.   He  worked  as  an  electrical  engi- 
neer until  1989,  when  he  became  a  professor  of 
manufacturing  engineering  at  Clemson  University. 
He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Jean;  a  daughter;  two  sons; 
a  stepdaughter;  two  stepsons;  a  sistet;  and  nine 
grandchildren. 

Clarence  W.  Johnson  Jr.  '44  of  Manchester, 
Mass.,  on  Nov.  6,  2007.  A  Duke  ROTC  program 
participant,  he  went  on  to  serve  as  a  Navy 
lieutenant  during  World  War  II.  Later,  he  worked 
as  a  real-estate  agent.  He  is  survived  by  a  daughter, 
a  son,  and  an  uncle. 

C.  Hayward  Marshall  Jr.  B.S.C.E.  '44  of 
Martinsville,  Va.,  on  Oct.  4,  2007.  During  World 
War  II,  he  served  in  the  Navy  Seabees  in  Saipan. 
After  the  war,  he  worked  as  a  civil  engineer.  He 
was  also  an  artist,  and  his  watercolor  paintings 
were  exhibited  in  Washington  and  Virginia.  He  is 
survived  by  his  wife,  Roberta;  three  daughtets;  and 
six  grandchildren. 

John  G.  Ramsbottom  M.D.  '44  of  Myrtle  Beach, 
S.C.,  on  Dec.  23,  2007.  During  World  War  II,  he 
served  as  a  captain  in  the  Army  Medical  Corps.  For 
27  years,  he  ran  an  ob-gyn  practice  in  Spartanburg, 
S.C.,  and  built  and  tan  the  Lou-Gat  Motel  in  North 
Myrtle  Beach  from  1967  to  1982.  He  is  survived  by 
his  wife,  Louise;  two  sons;  and  three  grandchildren. 

Charles  K.  "Koke"  Winter  '44  of  Bridgeport, 
Conn.,  on  Nov.  28,  2007.  Before  attending  Duke,  he 
served  in  the  Army  Air  Corps  during  World  War  II. 
During  his  career,  he  worked  for  symphonies  in 
Greatet  Bridgeport,  Baltimote,  Detroit,  and  Denver. 
He  is  survived  by  a  niece  and  a  nephew. 
Jay  R.  Cross  '45  of  Hingham,  Mass.,  on  Aug.  25, 

2006.  He  was  a  senior  associate  at  the  architecture 
firm  Hoskins  Scott  &  Partners  Inc.  He  is  survived  by 
his  wife,  Priscilla;  two  sons;  and  two  grandchildren. 

Henry  J.  Hyde  '45  of  Geneva,  111.,  on  Nov.  29, 

2007.  After  serving  as  a  naval  officer  in  World 
War  II,  he  finished  his  undergraduate  degree  at 
Georgetown  University  and  went  on  to  earn  a  law 
degree  from  Loyola  University.  Elected  to  the 
Illinois  House  in  1966,  he  served  as  Republican 
majority  leader  from  1971  to  1972  before  winning 
a  Congressional  seat  in  1974-  He  ptesided  over 
the  impeachment  proceedings  against  President 
Clinton  and  wtote  a  controversial  law  ending  federal 
financing  for  abortion.  In  2007,  President  George 
W  Bush  awarded  him  the  Presidential  Medal  of 
Freedom.  He  is  survived  hy  his  wife,  Judy;  two  sons; 

a  daughtet;  two  stepsons;  a  stepdaughtet;  and  four 
grandchildren. 

Marilynn  Wasson  Vosburgh  King  '45  of 

Tryon,  N.C.,  on  Nov.  25,  2006.  She  worked  in  the 
field  of  advertising  design  in  Chicago  before  moving 
to  Tryon,  where  she  owned  and  operated  a  bookstore. 
She  is  survived  by  three  sons,  including  George 
Vosburgh  III  '69;  seven  grandchildren;  and  two 
great-grandchildren. 

Marie  Bashor  Buckley  '46  of  Miami,  on 
Oct.  30,  2007.  After  teaching  elementary  school, 
she  worked  for  the  U.S.  Postal  Service  for  25  years. 
She  is  survived  by  a  son,  a  daughter,  a  sister,  and 
two  grandchildren. 

Margaret  Hundley  Epperson  '46  of  Durham, 
on  Nov.  5,  2007.  A  life  member  of  the  North 
Carolina  Garden  Club  and  president  of  the  United 
Methodist  Women  at  Trinity  Methodist  Church, 
she  also  performed  as  a  member  of  the  Durham 
Junior  League  Puppetry  Guild.  She  is  survived  by 
two  sons  and  four  grandchildren. 


'.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


William  T.  Hinson  Jr.  '46  of  Marshville,  N.C., 
on  Nov.  30,  2007.  He  owned  and  operated  Hinson's 
Super  Market.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Frances; 
two  sons;  a  daughter;  a  srep^isrer;  and  grandchildren. 

J.  William  Midkiff  '46  of  Hershey,  Pa.,  on  Nov. 
26,  2007.  He  served  as  an  Army  paratrooper  in  Italy 
during  World  War  II  and  in  the  Air  Force  Reserves  as 
a  first  lieutenant  until  1958.  He  worked  in  the  insur- 
ance industry  and  was  one  of  the  original  architects 
of  the  "no-fault"  automobile  insurance  plans  used 
today.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Patricia;  two  sons;  a 
daughter;  and  five  grandchildren. 

Mildred  Bradsher  Voorhees  '46  of  Asheville, 

N.C.,  on  Oct.  29,  2007.  An  accomplished  artist,  she 
owned  and  managed  a  gift  shop  with  her  husband  in 
Morehead  City,  N.C.,  before  moving  to  Ashville. 
She  is  survived  by  four  sons,  two  daughters,  14  grand- 
children, and  four  great-grandchildren. 

Mary  Vannah  Davidson  R.N.  '47  of  Springfield, 

Ohio,  on  Dec.  5,  2007.  She  was  a  member  of  the 
Navy  Student  Nurse  Corps  during  World  War  II. 
After  the  war,  she  was  a  volunteer  nurse  with  the 
American  Red  Cross  and  the  Missionary  Health 
Service  in  Springfield.  She  is  survived  by  thtee  sons, 
three  daughters,  and  hve  grandchildren. 

Ruth  Douglas  Jacokes  R.N.  '47,  M.S.  70  of 
Raleigh,  on  Oct.  7,  2007.  After  completing  her  A.M. 
in  nursing  from  UNC-CH,  she  became  director  of 
nursing  at  John  Umstead  Hospital  in  Burner,  N.C., 
and  later  was  a  nursing  supervisor  at  UNC  Hospitals. 
She  is  survived  by  three  sons,  a  daughter  a  brothet, 
two  sisters,  and  seven  grandchildren. 

Ronald  "Baron"  MintZ  '47,  of  San  Antonio,  on 
Oct.  31,  2007.  He  served  in  the  Air  Force.  He  is  sur- 
vived by  two  sons  and  a  granddaughter. 

James  D.  Safford  '47  of  Wilmington,  N.C,  on 

Nov.  15,  2007.  After  serving  in  the  Army  during 
World  War  II,  he  was  a  manager  at  Sears  Roebuck 
&  Co.  for  33  years.  He  was  a  Mason  and  served  as 
president  of  the  Wilmington  Chambet  of  Commetce. 
He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Mary;  two  sons;  a  brother; 
and  a  grandson. 

C.  Norman  Schnell  '47  of  Jacksonville,  Fla., 
on  Nov.  1 1,  2007.  While  at  Duke,  he  was  a  pianist 
with  the  Duke  Ambassadors  and,  upon  graduation, 
toured  with  the  Gene  Krupa  Orchestra  until  1987. 
He  then  worked  as  the  pianist  for  the  Rit:  Carlton 
Hotel  on  Amelia  Island,  Fla.  He  is  survived  by  a 
sister  and  several  nephews,  including  Norman 
Greczyn  A.M.  '80. 

Robert  Carter  Ph.D.  '48  of  Columbia,  Mo.,  on 
Nov.  20,  2007.  He  received  his  B.S.  from  the  Uni- 
versity of  Oklahoma-Norman.  During  World  War  II, 
he  served  in  the  Army  in  the  South  Pacific  and 
worked  on  the  Manhattan  Project.  He  worked  as 
a  research  scientist  for  North  American  Aviation. 
In  1962,  he  accepted  a  teaching  position  at  the 
University  of  Missouri,  where  he  retired  in  1988 
as  professor  emeritus.  He  is  survived  by  two  sons, 
three  daughters,  1 1  grandchildren,  and  nine  great- 
grandchildren. 

Lorenzo  D.  Chisholm  Sr.  48,  LL.B.  '62  of 
Charlotte,  on  Dec.  26,  2007.  During  World  War  II, 
he  served  as  a  medic.  He  worked  for  Southern 
Railroad  before  becoming  a  real-estate  broker.  He 
is  survived  by  his  wife,  Margaret;  three  sons;  two 
daughters;  a  brother;  a  sister;  and  two  grandchildren. 

Bryant  D.  Gamble  '48  of  Somers,  Conn.,  on 
Nov.  27,  2007.  He  was  a  member  of  Phi  Beta  Kappa. 
For  41  years,  he  worked  for  Monarch  Lite  Insurance 


Co.,  retiring  as  a  vice  president.  He  is  survived  by 
his  wife,  Jane;  a  daughter;  two  sons;  and  three  grand- 
children. 

John  McWhorter  '48,  B.D.  '55  of  Lake  Junaluska, 

N.C,  on  Dec.  25,  2007.  A  World  War  II  Navy  veter- 
an, he  earned  a  Ph.D.  in  divinity  from  High  Point 
University  and  then  served  as  a  United  Methodist 
minister.  He  was  the  executive  director  of  the  Council 
of  Higher  Education  and  a  trustee  emeritus  of  Greens- 
boro College.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Sara  Grubbs; 
a  son;  a  daughter;  and  two  granddaughters. 

Frank  A.  Scott  '48,  A.M.  '49  of  Blacksburg,  Va., 
on  Nov.  25,  2007.  A  Navy  World  War  II  veteran, 
he  received  his  Ed.D.  from  the  University  of 
Georgia-Athens.  He  was  a  professor  and  dean  of  the 
school  of  social  science  at  Radford  University.  He  is 
survived  by  his  wife,  Jean;  two  daughters;  a  son;  and 
six  grandchildren. 

Robert  L.  Styers  '48,  J.D.  '51  of  Winston-Salem, 

on  Nov.  28,  2007.  He  was  Winston-Salem's  youngest 
life  master  in  duplicate  bridge.  He  founded  the  Motel 
Equipment  Leasing  Corp.  and  Technical  Video 
Systems.  He  is  survived  hy  his  wife,  Norma;  two 
daughters;  a  stepson;  a  brothet,  Thomas  R.  Styers 
Jr.  B.S.M.E.  '61;  a  sistet,  Diane  LeClair  Sutton 

'56;  four  grandchildren;  three  step  grandchildren;  and 
two  step  great-grandchildren. 

James  V.  Wright  '48,  J.D.  '51  of  Williamsburg, 
Va.,  on  Nov.  8,  2007.  An  Army  veteran,  he 
worked  as  a  lawyer  and  judge  in  Washington  until 


Joseph  B.  Cathey  Jr.  '49  of  Greenville,  S.C., 
on  Nov.  23,  2007.  After  serving  in  the  Air  Force, 
he  received  an  M.A.  from  the  University  of 
Tennessee.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Barbara;  a 
daughter;  a  son;  a  brother;  tour  grandchildren;  and 
a  great-grandchild. 

William  P.  Coleman  '49  of  New  Orleans,  on  Nov. 
11,  2007.  In  the  Army  Air  Corps  during  World  War 
II,  he  survived  being  shot  down  over  Germany  and 
was  awarded  three  Bronze  Stars  and  an  Air  Medal 
with  four  Oak  Leaf  Clusters.  After  earning  his  M.D. 
at  the  University  of  Virginia,  he  served  as  chief  of  the 
allergy  section  of  the  Ochsner  Clinic  in  New  Orleans 
for  17  years.  He  then  joined  his  son  in  private  prac- 
tice in  Metairie,  La.  He  was  on  the  Tulane  Medical 
School  faculty  for  40  years.  He  is  survived  by  two 
sons  and  six  grandchildren. 
Arne  K.  Kemp  M.F  '49  of  Savannah,  Ga.,  on 
Nov.  12,  2007.  A  pilot  in  the  Navy  during  World 
War  II,  he  was  an  associate  protes>or  at  Louisiana 
State  University,  professor  and  department  head  at 
Stephen  F  Austin  University,  and  assistant  director 
at  North  Central  Experiment  Station-U.S.  Depart- 
ment of  Forestry.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Marie; 
two  sons;  and  a  granddaughter. 

Driftwood  H.  RuckerM.Div.  '49  of  Pensacola, 
Fla.,  on  Dec.  10,  2007.  He  received  his  B.A.  from 
Wofford  College.  During  World  War  II,  he  served 
with  the  263rd  Infantry  Regiment.  He  was  a  United 
Methodist  ministet,  serving  pastorates  in  the 
Alabama/West  Florida  conference.  He  is  survived  by 
his  wife,  Bemice;  two  sons;  and  a  grandson. 

Louis  T.  Scioscia  '49  of  Philadelphia,  on  Oct.  28, 
2007.  He  was  retited  from  Diversey  Wyandotte 
Corp.,  a  chemical  company.  He  is  survived  by  his 
wife,  Jane;  a  son;  a  daughter;  and  four  granddaughters. 

Yandell  R.  Smith  '49  of  Louisville,  Ky.,  on  Dec.  8, 
2007.  He  served  as  a  second  lieutenant  in  the  Army. 
A  patron  of  the  arts,  he  chaired  the  Downtown 


Salute  to  the  Arts,  notably  hanging  Igor  Stravinsky 
to  direct  the  Louisville  Orchestra.  He  was  also  a  part- 
ner in  his  family's  business,  Smith  Disttibuting  Co., 
and  a  writer  and  editor  for  The  Wall  Street  Journal.  He 
is  survived  by  his  wife,  Betty  Funk  Smith  '49; 
three  children;  a  sister;  and  two  grandchildren. 

J.  Swann  Blankenship  Jr.  B.S.E.E.  '50  of 
Weaverville,  N.C,  on  Dec.  8,  2007.  During  World 
War  II,  he  served  as  a  sailor  in  the  Pacific.  He 
worked  as  a  geophysicist  for  Texaco  for  32  years.  He 
is  survived  by  two  sons,  a  daughter,  two  stepsons, 
three  stepdaughters,  six  grandchildren,  and  1 1  step- 
grandchildren. 

Shirley  Snell  Millner  '50  ofTarbora,  N.C,  on 
Oct.  12,  2007.  She  was  an  active  member  of  St. 
Mary's  Episcopal  Church  in  Kinston,  N.C,  where  she 
served  on  the  altar  guild,  as  an  officer  of  the 
Episcopal  Church  Women,  and  as  a  lay  Eucharistic 
minister.  She  is  survived  hy  a  son,  a  daughter,  a  sister, 
and  seven  grandchildren. 

Dennis  Cooke  Jr.  '51  of  Raleigh,  on  Nov.  1,  2007. 
An  officer  in  the  Ait  Force,  he  spent  most  of  his 
career  in  sales  and  marketing  for  IBM  and  also  served 
as  chairman  of  the  board  of  Strandburg  Engineering. 
He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Kathy  Buckner;  a  son;  and 
two  granddaughters. 

Walton  Hardin  LL.M.  '51  of  Washington,  Ga.,  on 
Dec.  11,  2007.  He  served  in  the  8th  Air  Force  in 
World  War  II  and  was  awarded  the  Distinguished 
Flying  Cross  in  1944-  A  retired  lawyer,  he  was  a  grad- 
uate of  Georgia  Tech,  the  University  of  Georgia's 
business  school,  and  Stetson  Univetsity  College  of 
Law.  He  is  survived  hy  two  sons  and  a  daughter. 

Thomas  P.  Hughes  '51  of  Sumter,  S.C,  on  Dec. 
7,  2007.  At  Duke,  he  was  an  All-American  football 
player,  ranking  second  in  the  nation  for  pass  catches. 
He  was  also  co-captain  of  the  basketball  team,  and 
second  in  the  country  in  free-throw  shooting.  After 
graduating,  he  was  drafted  by  the  Washington 
Redskins.  He  was  a  Wotld  War  II  Army  veteran  and 
was  retired  from  Maxwell  Brothers  &  Blackwell 
Furnitute  Co.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Carolyn;  a 
son;  a  daughter;  a  stepson;  two  stepdaughters;  and 
four  grandchildren. 

Harry  "Buck"  Johnson  '51,  M.D.  '55  of 
Greensboro,  on  Oct.  8,  2007.  After  graduating,  he 
served  in  the  Navy  Medical  Corps.  In  1962,  he 
joined  the  faculty  of  Duke's  medical  school.  He  prac- 
ticed obstetrics  and  gynecology  in  Greensboro  and 
served  as  chief  of  Obstetric  and  Gynecology  Services 
and  president  of  the  Medical  Boatd  at  Moses  Cone 
Memorial  Hospital  in  Greensboro.  Throughout  his 
career,  he  maintained  teaching  appointments  at 
Duke,  UNC-CH,  and  the  University  of  Maryland 
medical  schools.  He  is  survived  by  four  sons,  includ- 
ing Harry  W.  Johnson  Jr.  '78;  a  sister;  and  seven 

grandchildren. 

Patrick  J.  Lyons  '51  of  Norfolk,  Va.,  on  Jan.  14, 
2007.  While  at  Duke,  he  lettered  in  football  and 
basketball. 

Edward  Murray  A.M.  '51  of  Hendersonville, 
N.C,  on  Oct.  27,  2007.  He  received  a  B.S.  from 
Columbia  University  and  a  Th.D.  in  psychology  from 
Yale  University.  He  served  in  the  Army  during  the 
Korean  War.  For  most  of  his  career,  he  taught  in  the 
University  ot  Miami'-,  psychology  department  and 
wrote  two  books  on  psychology.  After  retiring,  he 
continued  to  teach  as  an  adjunct  professor  at  UNC- 
Asheville,  Blue  Ridge  Community  College,  and 
Furman  University.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Louisa; 
two  daughters;  and  three  granddaughters. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE    July- August  2008 


Addie  Campbell  Burgess  '52  of  Greensboro,  on 
Dec.  13,  2007.  She  taught  public  school  in  North 
Carolina.  She  is  survived  by  a  brother  and  two  sisters. 
Alexander  Graye  '52  of  Fearrington,  N.C.,  on 
Nov.  18,  2007.  After  serving  in  the  Navy,  he  worked 
in  several  jobs  before  joining  Anchot  Hocking 
Glass  in  Lancaster,  Ohio.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife, 
Vera;  two  sons;  two  stepsons;  a  brother;  and  two 
step-grandchildren. 

David  Watson  '52,  M.D.  '55  of  Muskogee,  Okla., 
on  Dec.  25,  2007.  Since  1961,  he  had  worked  as  a 
pediatrician  and  volunteered  his  services  in 
Afghanistan,  Vietnam,  and  Honduras.  Survivors 
include  two  sons. 

Elizabeth  Heinke  Whalen  '52  of  Estero,  Fla.,  on 
Sept.  9,  2007.  At  Duke,  she  was  a  cheerleader  and  a 
member  of  Alpha  Delta  Pi  sorority. 

Christopher  Withers  '52  ofMiddletown,  R.I.,  on 
Dec.  27,  2007.  After  earning  his  M.A.  at  American 

University,  he  spent  30  years  in  the  Navy,  retifing 
as  a  captain.  Active  in  the  sailing  community,  he 
was  a  competitive  racer,  a  former  Shields  National 
Champion,  and  winner  of  the  Newport  Shields  Fleet 
9  2007  Season  Championship.  He  is  survived  by  his 
wife,  Donnis;  two  sons;  two  daughters;  a  brother;  a 
granddaughter;  and  a  grandson. 

Edward  Reap  Buckner  M.F.  '53  of  Knoxville, 
Tenn.,  on  Jan.  1,  2007.  He  earned  his  Ph.D.  in  1972 
from  N.C.  State  University. 

Jane  Clay  Egee  '53  of  Red  Bank,  N.C,  on 
Nov.  27,  2007.  She  worked  as  a  proofreader  for 
Random  House  Publishing  and  as  an  English  teacher 
before  becoming  director  ot  New  Jersey's  GED 
program.  She  is  survived  by  two  sons,  a  daughtet, 
and  six  grandchildren. 

Fred  K.  Parrish  '53  of  Rutledge,  Ga.,  on  Dec.  4, 
2007.  He  was  a  retired  protessor  ot  biology  at  Georgia 
State  University.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Pam. 
Jane  Byrd  Ruff  in  Ayerst  '54  of  New  Orleans,  on 
March  12,  2008.  A  longtime  supporter  of  the  Louisiana 
Philharmonic  Orchestra,  she  served  on  the  board  of 
the  Symphony  Volunteets.  She  was  also  chair  ot  the 
Symphony  Book  Fair  and  a  volunteer  for  the  organi- 
zation for  40  years.  A  volunteer  docent  for  over  20 
years,  she  also  served  on  the  board  of  the  Longue  Vue 
House  &  Gardens,  winning  the  Longue  Vue  Volunteet 
of  the  Year  award  in  1990.  She  is  survived  by  a  son;  a 
daughter;  a  son-in-law,  George  A.  Farber  Jr.  '81; 
a  sister;  two  granddaughters;  and  two  grandsons. 

William  H.  Barnes  '54  of  San  Jose,  Calif.,  on 
Dec.  26,  2007.  He  received  a  B.S.M.E.  from  North- 
western University,  served  at  Edwards  Air  Force 
Base,  and  then  earned  an  M.B.A.  from  Stanford 
University.  For  most  of  his  cateer,  he  ran  his  own 
financial  firm,  Barnes,  Stork  &.  Associates.  He  was  a 
past  president  of  the  Menlo  Patk  Kiwanis  Club, 
founder  of  the  nonprofit  Trinity  Guardian  Founda- 
tion, and,  for  40  years,  a  deacon  and  elder  at  Menlo 
Park  Presbyterian  Church.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife, 
Doris  Sherbano  Barnes  '55;  a  son;  two  daugh- 
ters; and  three  grandchildren. 

Alan  C.  Elston  B.S.E.E.  '55  of  St.  Petersburg,  Fla., 
on  Nov.  24,  2007.  He  served  in  the  Atmy  as  a  first 
lieutenant  and  aide-de-camp  to  Brig.  Gen.  John 
Barclay.  He  was  also  the  owner  of  Electric  Service 
Co.,  which  his  family  had  owned  since  1925.  He  is 
survived  by  his  wife.  Kathryn;  three  daughters,  and 
six  grandchildren. 

Carol  Walker  Garvin  '55  of  Carlisle,  Ky.,  on 
Dec.  6,  2007.  In  1989,  she  served  as  president  of  the 


National  Mental  Health  Association,  a  volunteer 
organization.  Active  in  many  other  volunteer 
activities,  she  also  was  president  of  the  Nicholas 
County  Historical  Society.  She  is  survived  by  her 
husband,  Robert;  two  sons;  a  daughtet;  two  sisters, 

including  Judith  Walker  Scyster  '60;  and 

two  grandchildren. 

Charles  E.  Johnson  Jr.  B.D.  '55  of  Asheville,  N.C, 
on  Dec.  3 1 ,  2007.  During  World  War  II,  he  was  an 
ambulance  driver  for  the  Army  on  the  front  lines  and 
received  a  Purple  Heart  after  being  wounded  in  1944. 
Fot  most  of  his  career,  he  served  as  a  Presbytetian 
chaplain  to  students  at  Duke,  the  Asheville  School, 
and  the  Thomas  Rehabilitation  Center  in  Asheville. 
Under  his  leadership,  the  Presbyterian  church  in 
Cary,  N.C,  was  organized  and  built.  Later,  he  worked 
as  an  assistant  professor  at  St.  Andrews  Presbyterian 
College  in  Laurinburg,  N.C.  He  is  survived  by  his 
wife,  Jean;  three  sons;  a  daughtet;  and  two  brothers. 

Edith  Clements  Mitchell  '55  of  Grosse  Pointe, 
Mich.,  on  June  5,  2007.  She  is  survived  by  her  hus- 
band, David  C.  Mitchell  '52,  M.D.  '55;  three  sons; 
a  sister,  Peyton  Clements  Tarry  '53;  and  two 
grandsons. 

Jules  F.  Skodzinski  Jr.  '55  of  Philadelphia,  on 
July  3,  2006.  At  Duke,  he  was  a  member  of  the  Sigma 
Chi  and  Sigma  Nu  fraternities.  He  is  survived  by  his 
wife,  Jane,  and  three  children. 

George  T.  Strzetelski  '55  of  South  Natick, 
Mass.,  on  Nov.  22,  2007.  In  1939,  he  and  his  family 
fled  Poland  as  Nazi  and  Soviet  fotces  invaded,  mak- 
ing their  way  to  New  Yotk.  For  40  years,  he  worked 
in  insurance,  opening  his  own  practice  in  Boston. 
He  was  involved  as  a  volunteer  for  the  Wellesley 
Children's  Center,  St.  Andrew  Episcopal  Church, 
and  the  Wellesley  Masonic  Lodge.  He  is  survived  by 
his  wife,  Joyce  Bailey  Strzetelski  '55;  two  sons; 
two  daughters;  and  six  grandchildren. 

Richard  Wilson  Jr.  '55  of  Durham,  on  Nov.  20, 
2007.  He  worked  for  Liggett  &  Myers  Tobacco  Co. 
for  over  30  years.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Evelyn; 
a  son;  and  two  granddaughters. 

Mary  Lou  Gerringer  Hardin  R.N  '56  of 

Williamsburg,  Va.,  on  Nov.  4,  2007.  Because  of  her 
husband's  career  in  the  Navy,  she  lived  at  duty  sta- 
tions in  the  U.S.  and  Germany.  She  is  survived  by 
her  husband,  Jim;  a  son;  and  a  grandson. 

Sidney  Olansky  M.D.  '56  of  Atlanta  on  Dec.  28, 
2007.  At  Duke,  he  became  an  associate  professor 
after  completing  his  residency  in  dermatology.  In 
1959,  he  became  the  first  professor  of  dermatology  at 
Emory  Universiry  and  was  named  professor  emeritus 
in  1981.  He  then  joined  his  sons  in  private  practice 
until  his  92nd  birthday.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife, 
Marian  Olansky  H.S.  '56;  three  sons;  a  daughter; 
and  three  grandchildren. 

Marvin  L.  Woodard  M.Ed.  '56  of  Roanoke 
Rapids,  N.C,  on  Dec.  1,  2007.  A  military  veteran,  he 
was  a  language  teacher  in  the  Halifax  County  (N.C.) 
school  district.  He  is  survived  by  thtee  sisters. 

Sharon  Speaker  McDowell  R.N.  '57  of 
Jacksonville,  N.C,  on  Nov.  13,  2007.  She  worked  as 
a  registered  nurse  for  25  years  at  Memorial  Hospital 
in  Wilmington,  N.C.  She  was  a  member  of  St.  Mark 
Catholic  Church.  She  is  survived  by  her  husband, 
Ray;  two  daughters;  and  three  gtandchildren. 

Sherard  A.  Tatum  Jr.  '57  of  Loudon,  Tenn.,  on 
Dec.  3,  2007.  At  Duke,  he  was  a  member  of  the  Kappa 
Alpha  Order  fraternity.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife, 
Peg;  a  son;  a  brother;  a  sister;  and  two  grandchildren. 


Lewis  F.  Affronti  Ph.D.  '58  of  Forest,  Va.,  on 
Nov.  28,  2007.  He  earned  a  B.A.  and  M.A.  at  the 
University  of  Buffalo.  During  the  Korean  War,  he 
served  in  the  Air  Force.  He  was  a  professor  emeritus 
and  chairman  of  microbiology  in  the  medical  school 
at  George  Washington  University.  His  work  included 
developing  a  widely  used  skin  test  for  detecting 
tuberculosis  and  identifying  a  type  of  tuberculosis 
that  commonly  infects  AIDS  patients.  He  was  a 
consultant  on  tuberculosis  for  the  World  Health 
Organization.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Aileen 
Ledford  Affronti  B.S.N.  '51;  two  sons,  including 
Lewis  F.  Affronti  Jr.  '81;  two  daughters;  a  broth- 
er; and  seven  grandchildren. 

Elliott  H.  Newcombe  Jr.  '58  of  Charlotte,  on 
Dec.  13,  2007.  He  earned  an  M.B.A.  at  UNC-CH 
and  served  as  a  Navy  Hospital  Corpsman.  He  srarred 
and  ran  several  successful  businesses  before  conclud- 
ing his  career  as  president  of  Atlantic  Coast  Carton 
Co.,  where  he  worked  for  23  years.  He  is  survived  by 
his  wife,  Mary;  four  children;  three  sisters;  and  four 
grandchildren. 

William  Yates  Manson  J.D.  '61  of  Durham,  on 
Dec.  29,  2007.  He  began  his  legal  career  at  Everett 
and  Everett  in  Durham  and  later  opened  his  own 
practice,  Edwards  and  Manson.  In  1989,  he  was 
appointed  a  District  Court  judge,  serving  until  his 
retirement  in  1996.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife, 
Patticia,  and  a  brother 

Theron  L.  Durr  '62  of  New  Milford,  Conn.,  on 
Nov.  2,  2007.  He  received  an  M.A.  in  political  sci- 
ence from  Slippery  Rock  State  Univetsity.  He  taught 
Latin  and  social  studies,  and  coached  football  in 
Pennsylvania  and  Connecticut  before  switching 
careers  and  working  at  MetLife.  He  is  survived  by  his 
wife,  Paula;  three  sons;  a  daughter;  a  brother;  a  sistet; 
and  fout  gtandchildten. 

James  W.  Stribling  '63  of  Atlanta,  on  Nov.  24, 
2007.  After  graduating  from  the  Wharton  School 
at  the  University  of  Pennsylvania  in  1965,  he  served 
for  five  years  in  the  Marine  Corps.  He  began  his 
career  in  life  insurance  as  an  agent  fot  MassMutual, 
later  becoming  a  partner  at  WW  Stribling 
Associates,  an  insurance  consulting  group.  He  is 
survived  by  his  wife,  Carole;  a  son;  a  daughter,  Paige 
Stribling  Morrison  '92;  his  mother;  a  sister;  and 
six  grandchildren. 

Vicki  Mock  B.S.N. '64  of  Baltimore,  on  Nov.  15, 
2007.  She  earned  her  M.S.N,  from  rhe  University  of 
California-San  Francisco  and  her  Ph.D.  in  nursing 
from  Catholic  University.  She  was  a  professor  at  the 
Johns  Hopkins  School  of  Medicine.  There  she 
chaired  the  new  department  of  health  systems  and 
i  led  the  Center  for  Collaborative  Inter- 
i  Research,  and  directed  nursing  research  at 
the  Kimmel  Cancer  Center.  She  is  survived  by  her 
husband,  Quent;  a  son;  her  mother;  and  sisters. 

E.  Lindsay  Potter  III  B.S.M.E.  '65  of  Liberty, 
S.C.,  on  Oct.  27,  2007.  He  is  survived  by  two 

daughters,  a  sister,  and  thtee  grandchildren. 

C.  Nicholas  Revelos  J.D.  '65  ofMiddletown, 
Ohio,  on  Nov.  3,  2007.  He  received  a  B.A.  from 
Bowdoin  College  and  an  LL.M.  from  the  Universiry 
of  California-Berkeley.  He  was  a  professor  at  Michi- 
gan State  University's  law  school  for  35  years  and 
director  of  its  King  Scholarship  Program.  He  was 
also  dean  and  associate  professor  at  Chase  Law 
School  for  three  years.  He  is  survived  by  his  mother, 
three  brothers,  and  a  sister. 

George  W.  Robb  '67  of  Salem,  Ore.,  on  Nov.  30, 
2007.  He  was  an  administrator  for  Salem  Radiology 


'.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


Consultants  for  27  years.  After  retiring  in  2004,  he 
coached  golf  at  John  F.  Kennedy  High  School  in 
Mount  Angel,  Ore.  He  is  survived  hy  his  wife,  Chris; 
a  daughter;  a  stepson;  a  stepdaughter;  his  mother;  a 
sister;  and  a  hrother. 

Thomas  J.  Jozwiak  A.H.C.  73  of  Petaluma, 
Calif.,  on  Oct.  13,  2007.  He  served  as  a  Hospital 
Corpsman  in  the  Navy  during  World  War  11  before 
transferring  to  the  Coast  Guard  as  one  of  its  first  two 
physicians'  assistants.  He  was  a  founding  member  of 
Medical  Advisory  Systems  Inc.  of  Owings,  Md.  He  is 
survived  by  three  daughters,  two  sons,  two  sisters,  and 
seven  grandchildren. 

Jacob  Tasher  H  '78  of  Slingerlands,  N.Y.,  on 
Nov.  7,  2007.  After  receiving  his  medical  degree  from 
Sackler  School  of  Medicine  in  Israel,  he  completed 
his  residency  at  Boston  University  Medical  Center 
and  then  at  Duke,  whete  he  specialized  in  ENT/head 
and  neck  surgery.  Later  he  received  his  M.P.H.  from 
the  State  University  of  New  York.  A  medical  officer 
for  the  Israeli  Army  during  the  1973  Arab-Israeli 
War,  he  transferred  to  the  U.S.  Army  and  fought  in 
the  first  Gulf  War.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Nicoleta; 
a  daughter;  three  sons;  and  a  brother. 
Luther  M.  "Billy"  Peele  Jr.  M.Div.  '79  of 
Boiling  Spring  Lakes,  N.C.,  on  Nov.  16,  2007. 
After  working  as  an  assistant  manager  at  Belk's  for 
26  years,  he  became  a  Methodist  pastor,  serving 
several  churches  in  the  Wilmington,  N.C.,  area. 
He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Myra;  a  son;  a  daughter; 
two  stepdaughters;  two  sisters;  and  two  grandchildren. 

Associate  Professor  Emeritus  Gianturco 

Daniel  T.  Gianturco,  73,  of  Durham  died  Jan.  23, 
2008.  Born  and  raised  in  Buffalo,  N.Y.,  the  longtime 
psychiatry  faculty  member  received  an  undergraduate 
degree  in  mathematics  before  pursuing  medicine. 
He  joined  Duke  as  an  assistant  resident  in  psychiatry 
soon  aftet  receiving  his  M.D.  from  the  University 
of  Buffalo  in  1960.  As  a  faculty  member  in  the 
1970s,  he  was  committed  to  applying  computet 
technology  to  improve  the  practice  of  psychiatry. 
He  helped  develop  infrastructure  for  computer 
systems  at  Duke's  Center  for  Aging  and  the  first 
biofeedback  treatment  at  Duke. 

He  served  in  various  leadership  positions  through- 
out his  tenure,  most  notably  serving  as  psychiatry 
chief  resident  at  the  medical  center  and,  later,  as 
the  aging  center's  advisory  dean.  He  also  chaired 
several  committees,  including  the  Private  Diagnostic 
Clinic  Advisory  Committee,  the  psychiatry  depart- 
ment's Credentialing  and  Clinical  Privileges  Com- 
mittee, the  Black  Faculty  Committee's  Academic 
Council,  and  the  medical  school's  Curriculum 
Committee. 

He  is  sutvived  by  his  wife,  Dorothy;  and  his  son, 

Daniel  Paul  Gianturco  H.S.  '95. 
Professor  Quinn 

Galen  W  Quinn,  85,  of  Durham  died  Jan.  22,  2008. 
He  was  chief  and  professor  of  the  division  of  ortho- 
dontics at  Duke  Medical  Center. 

He  left  work  as  a  country  school  teacher  to  fight  in 
both  the  North  Africa  and  Italy  campaigns  during 
World  War  II.  After  the  war,  he  attended  dental 
school  at  Creighton  University  and  returned  there  as 
a  faculty  member  and  dean  of  the  school  of  dentistry 
after  a  few  years  in  private  practice. 

He  came  to  Duke  Medical  Center  in  1958  and 
during  his  tenure,  became  a  pioneer  in  the  field  of 
cleft-palate  reconstruction  and  airway  interference. 
He  lectured  internationally  on  the  topics. 

Quinn  also  served  as  secretary  and  president  of  the 
North  Carolina  Dental  Association.  He  is  survived 
by  his  wife,  Patricia;  six  daughters;  and  two  sons. 


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France:  Provencal  Farmhouse.  Stunning  ancestral 
home.  Magnificent  mountain  views.  Fields  of 
lavender,  olive  trees.  Lovely  antiques,  gardens,  pool. 
Modern  kitchen  and  baths.  (609)  924-7520. 
gaml@o 


Italy/Tuscany:  Ancestral  villa  with  sweeping 
views.  Olive  groves,  vineyards,  gardens.  Antiques. 
Updated  kitchen,  baths.  Pool.  (609)  683-3813. 
jetas5@comcast.net. 

London:  My  apartment  near  Marble  Arch  is 
less  expensive  than  a  hotel  and  a  whole  lot  nicer. 
(919)  929-3194.  elisabeth.fox@duke.edu 
Paris:  Marais.  Luxury  rental  in  center  of  Paris. 
Close  proximity  Picasso  Museum,  Centre  Pompidou 
and  other  historical  sites  as  well  as  gourmet  shops 
of  Rue  de  Bretagne.  See  owner's  website  at 
www.parischapon.com. 

Paris,  Elegant  Left  Bank  Apartment:  Sixth 
Arrondissement.  Walk  to  Seine,  Louvre,  and 
Luxembourg  Gardens.  Near  open-air  market. 
(609)  924-7520.  gaml@comcast.net. 

Durham:  Coming  back  to  Duke?  Why  stay  in  a 
hotel  ?  Try  Duke  Tower  Condominiums,  only  three 
blocks  from  East  Campus  on  Trinity  Avenue.  Fully- 
furnished  and  completely  equipped.  Pool,  gardens, 
cable  TV/HBO,  WiFi,  bicycle  rental.  The  place  for 
Duke  alumni  and  guests.  Nightly  rentals  from  $85. 
All  major  credit  cards  accepted.  www.DukeTower. 
com.  General  Manager:  Lee  Richardson,  T  '76. 

Lake  Lure,  N.C.:  Absolutely  beautiful  home 
away  from  home,  whether  for  a  week  or  a  lifetime. 
We  have  lakefront  property,  golf  villas  and  time- 
share  weeks.  Call  800-693-4926  for  additional 
information,  www.lakeluferesorttealty.com 

MISCELLANEOUS 

GLOBAL  CAREER  COACH: 

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Work  with  us,  make  better  decisions. 

Past  MBA  Director,  Trinity  College  Dublin; 

20+yrs  Fortune  500  leadership  experience; 

International  Coach  Federation 

Karen  Frisch  Finigan,  Principal  Duke  '75  Trinity 

www.successfuloutcomecoaching.com 

(609) 235-5847 


Gentle  Adventure.  Slovenia  family  tour, 
Women's  tour,  New  England  luxury  kayak  week- 
end. (802)333-3549    www.BoldPaths.com 
UpscaleMatch.com — For  people  who  enjoy  the 
finer  things  in  life. 


Forensic  CPA,  Over  25  Years  Experience, 
Duke  Alum,  Available  for  Special  Projects- 
Assisting  Hi-Net  Worth  Individuals/ 
Your  Personal  CFO,  (561)483-8686 

Paradise  Golf  Slovenia,  great  courses,  charming 
villages,  spectacular  scenery.  www.Touring-in- 
Style.com 

COOPER  MAYS  Pottery  relocated  in  Costa 
Rica.  Same  porcelain  wares.  Rolled  back  prices. 
New  e-mail:  coopermays@racsa.co.cr 
www.coopermays.com.    506-8872-2819. 

ITALY!!  Dallu  zuppa  ai  iimc'i,  Jnn  (I mm  soup  to  nuts) 
comprehensive  vacation  planning  experts  since  1961 
Bethesda  Travel  Center,  LLC   301-656-1670 

ciao'S  hcfhcsJatravel.com 


FOR  SALE 

PAWLEYS  ISLAND/LITCHFIELD  BEACH 

area:  beautiful  luxury  beachfront  condos  and 
homes  for  sale.  Carolina  living  at  its  best! 
Call  Pete  Gruene  at  843-616-1742.  Litchfield 
Real  Estate  Co. 

Sunset  Beach,  N.C.:  Home,  piet,  boat-lift  on 
1.25  secluded  acres  with  155'  of  waterfront  on 
Intracoastal  Waterway  in  Sunset  Beach,  N.C. 
overlooking  Bird  Island,  ocean,  L  River  inlet. 
$  1,350,000.  (910)  579-0302 

16  Duke  Ambassadors  dance  charts  from  the 
(forties?),  titties,  and  early  sixties.  Rare  and  very 
well-written,  this  collection  is  part  of  the  history 
of  the  great  dance  orchestra  run  by  Duke  students. 
To  my  knowledge  the  charts  are  written  by 
band  members,  not  copies  of  published  material. 
5,  3,  3,  3.  Sold  as  set.  $500.  keith@keith 
mcclellandlaw.com. 


CLASSIFIED  ADVERTISING 


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Requirements:  All  copy  must  be  printed  or  typed, 
or  e-mailed  to  dukemag@duke.edu.  Please  specify 
section  (FOR  SALE,  etc.)  and  issues  in  which  ad 
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September  1,  mails  in  mid-November. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE    July- August  2008         79 


Under  the  Gargoyle 


Pirates  of  the  Internet  Age 

By  STEVE  MARKS 

It's  hard  to  imagine  the  scene  in  Brave- 
heart  in  which  William  Wallace,  covered 
with  blue  war  paint,  rallies  his  hard- 
worn  troops  having  the  same  impact 
without  the  chilling  poignancy  of  the  bag- 
pipes in  James  Horner's  epic  musical  score. 
Or  the  final  scene  of  Greg's  Anatomy's  sec- 
ond season,  with  Denny's  unexpected  death 
and  Meredith's  moment  of  truth,  touching 
the  same  emotional  chords  without  the  me- 
lodic accompaniment  of  Snow  Patrol's  "Chas- 
ing Cars."  And  these  days,  it's  equally  hard 
to  imagine  a  world  where  you  can't  rock  out 
on  Guitar  Hero. 

Music  is  the  common  thread  that  inspires 
us,  creates  long-lasting  memories,  and  com- 
plements our  daily  routines.  Hearing — and 
truly  experiencing — music  conjures  up  emo- 
tions deep  inside  us.  We  value  that  connec- 
tion and  continue  to  seek  it  out  by  explor- 
ing new  music. 

The  music  industry  is  in  a  period  of  his- 
toric transition  and  experimentation.  Just 
twenty  years  ago,  music  fans  could  listen  to 
music  in  only  two  ways:  turning  on  the  radio 
or  buying  an  album.  You  paid  close  atten- 
tion to  those  musical  experiences,  sitting  in 
front  of  your  stereo  as  the  album  played  and 
reading  liner  notes.  Today,  the  options  for 
musical  consumption  are  countless.  Music 
is  a  portable,  digital  background  soundtrack 
for  your  everyday  activities — while  playing 
a  video  game,  working,  or  exercising. 

The  demand  for  ubiquitous  music  is  greater 
now  than  ever  before.  A  multitude  of  deliv- 
ery platforms  increase  the  ways  we  can  get 
our  favorite  music — from  video  and  down- 
load services,  social-networking  sites,  and 
subscription  services  to  legal  peer-to-peer 
sites,  Internet  radio,  satellite  radio,  and 
cable-music  channels. 

The  Internet  and  other  new  digital  plat- 
forms also  offer  artists  an  unprecedented 
number  of  ways  to  introduce  their  music  to 
the  right  audience.  Some  artists  experiment 
with  do-it-yourself  models,  an  approach  that 
is  easier  for  established  bands  with  iconic 
status  and  a  loyal  fan  base.  Others  work 


with  record  labels,  which  invest  millions  of 
dollars  to  nurture  and  promote  new  artists 
and  bring  much  needed  creative  and  mar- 
keting expertise  to  help  the  artist  succeed. 

Of  course,  as  much  as  we'd  like  to  focus 
solely  on  the  positive  developments  in  the 
marketplace,  we  cannot  avoid  the  elephant 
in  the  room  that  inhibits  the  growth  of  that 
marketplace:  the  extensive  theft  of  music, 
especially  online.  This  occurs  primarily  via 
so-called  "file  sharing"  networks,  which  al- 
low millions  of  strangers  to  illegally  down- 
load from  each  other  free  digital  copies  of 
their  favorite  recordings.  While  perhaps  on 
its  face  a  little  like  the  practice  of  sharing 
tapes  from  long  ago,  online  theft  is  qualita- 
tively and  quantitatively  different  because 
one  person  can  be  the  worldwide  publisher  of 
perfect  digital  copies  on  a  viral  network.  The 
Internet,  for  all  the  wonderful  advances  it 
has  brought  our  society,  has  regrettably  san- 
itized the  act  of  theft  and  made  stealing 
music  feel  easy,  anonymous,  and  risk-free. 

The  sad  news  for  the  music  industry  is  that 
the  massive  volume  of  piracy  both  online  and 
offline  has  had  real  consequences.  Precipi- 
tous declines  in  sales  have  led  to  less  invest- 
ment in  the  creation  of  new  music.  Fewer 
new  bands  are  signed  and  many  have  been 
dropped  from  label  rosters.  What's  more,  pi- 
racy harms  the  thousands  of  regular,  work- 
ing-class individuals  who  rely  on  a  healthy 
music  business  to  sustain  their  livelihoods: 
from  artists  and  songwriters  pursuing  careers 
in  music  to  the  father  of  three  logging  a 
long  shift  in  a  CD  manufacturing  plant  and 
the  bright,  young  technologist  working  to 
build  the  newest  innovative  (and  legal) 
platform  for  enjoying  music. 

This  theft  is  especially  acute  on  college 
campuses,  and  unfortunately  Duke  is  no  ex- 
ception: The  student-affairs  website  reports 
that  "Duke  receives  'cease  and  desist'  in- 
fringement notices  almost  daily  from  repre- 
sentatives of  the  music  and  motion-picture 
industries  and  other  copyright  owners."  Un- 
der the  Digital  Millennium  Copyright  Act 
of  1998,  Duke  is  legally  required  to  forward 
those  letters  with  the  instructions  that  the 
individual  remove  any  copyright-infringing 
material  he  or  she  is  accused  of  having. 


Surveys  indicate  that  more  than  half  of 
college  students  frequently  download  music 
and  movies  illegally  via  school  networks. 
This  means  that  campus  networks — often 
taxpayer  funded  and  specifically  reserved 
for  educational  use — are  continuously  used 
for  the  illegal  exchange  of  copyrighted  works, 
gobbling  up  valuable  bandwidth  and  cost- 
ing colleges  money.  For  example,  the  Uni- 
versity of  Florida  reports  that  peer-to-peer 
use  constituted  90  percent  of  its  Internet  traf- 
fic. After  deploying  technological  tools,  the 
university  experienced  an  immediate  and 
overwhelming  drop  in  illegal  use  and  has 
since  estimated  administrative  and  network 
equipment  savings  of  more  than  $1  million. 

Many  other  universities  have  demon- 
strated that  they  can  play  a  meaningful  role 
in  helping  address  what  is  a  mutual  prob- 
lem. Allowing  illegal  file  sharing  is  anti- 
thetical to  any  educational  institution's  ob- 
jective to  instill  a  sense  of  right  and  wrong. 
Universities  are  in  the  education  business, 
preparing  young  adults  to  succeed  in  the 
world.  No  administration  would  teach  its 
students  that  stealing  is  acceptable,  yet  that 
is  the  result  of  failing  to  act  or  turning  a 
blind  eye. 

At  the  Recording  Industry  Association  of 
America,  we're  realistic.  We  appreciate  that 
no  strategy  will  eliminate  piracy.  Our  efforts 
to  combat  piracy  are  simply  a  means  to  an 
end.  And  that  end  for  us  is  an  exciting  mar- 
ketplace that  serves  both  fans  and  the  music 
community. 

Are  we  trying  to  put  the  genie  back  in  the 
bottle?  No.  We're  not  focused  on  the  past, 
but  instead  driven  toward  a  future  where 
music  plays  an  even  more  integral  role  in  our 
society.  Because  no  matter  how  you  slice  it, 
life  would  be  less  fun  without  music. 

Marks  '89,  J. D.  '92  is  executive  vice 
president  and  general  counsel  of  the  Recording 
Industry  Association  of  America. 


Homecoming  &       *> 
Half  Century  Club  ^ 

lJlf~i~iLr~i.-~l  ~   .    .        : 


October  17-1 9 


Autumn  On  CampUS  the  time  for  alumni 
of  all  ages  —  and  students  —  to  connect,  engage 
and  celebrate  during  a  weekend  of  activities: 

•  Young  Alumni  and  Senior  Class  Reception 

•  Half  Century  Club  Gala 

•  President's  Homecoming  Dance 

•  Duke  Arts  and  Academics:  faculty  speakers, 
panels,  concerts,  and  performances 

•  Step  Show 

•  Affinity  Group  get-togethers 

•  Campus  tours 

•  Football 

For  a  schedule  of  events  and  other  information 
as  it  becomes  available,  keep  checking 
www.  Duke  A  lumni.  com/Homecoming. 

Save  These  Dates 

Spanish  Old  Masters  at  the  Nasher,  August  24 

Founders'  Day,  October  2 

Parents  and  Family  Weekend,  October  24-26 

Duke  in  Depth:  Bloomsbury,  February  27-28 

Reunions  2009,  April  17-19 

Connect  •  Engage  •  Celebrate 


Homecoming 
graduated  in  1958  or  before.  More 
information  will  be  coming  your  way 
this  summer. 


Duke 

ALUMNI    ASSOCIATION 


Mm 


DUKE 


MONPROFIT  ORG. 

U.S.  Postage 
PAID 
P  P  C  O 


I'IMXIII:    Sl-.RYKL    Rl-QI  I  S/liD 


Magazine 

SEPTEMBER-OCTOBER  2008 

FIRST-YEAR  STANDOUTS 
OLD  MAN  BASEBALL 
BIOMECHANICS  INNOVATOR 


ifcliSl^F? 


Deborah  Spe 


Wonderfal" 


Time  Magazine 


m 


RT  DURING  THE  REIGN  O 


Auaust  21  -  November  a.  2008 


Build  your  Own  dream  Team 


John  Mack 

Chairman  &  CEO, 
Morgan  Stanley 


Plenary  Panel:  Building  World-Class  Leadership 
Teams  from  the  Ground  Up 


John  A.  Allison,  Chairman  &  CEO.  BB&TCorp.  i 
Blair  Sheppard ,  Dean,  The  Fuqua  School  of  Bus! 


Mellody  Hobson 

President, 
Ariel  Capital  Management 


7th  Annual  Fuqua  School  of  Business  &  Coach  K  Leadership  Conference 


THEME 


Leading  in  Challenging  Times: 

Overcoming  Crisis,  Sustaining 

Excellence,  and  Growing  Intelligently 


OCTOBER  20-22,  2008 

Duke  University 


LEADERSHIPS  ETHICS  W&Fm 

Speakers: 

Ryan  P.  Allis 

Co-Founder  &  CEO,  iContact 

Michael  Cohl 

Chairman  of  the  Board,  Live  Nation 

LTG  Martin  Dempsey 

Acting  Commander  of  U.S.  Military  Central  Command 

Donald  Friedman 

Executive  Vice  President  &  CMO,  CA  Inc. 

Eric  R.  Greenspan 

Partner,  Myman  Abell  Fineman  Fox  Greenspan  &  Light,  LLP 

Janet  Hill 

Vice  President,  Alexander  &  Associates,  Inc. 

Michael  Hurley 

Manager,  Ground  Zero;  Former  Fire  Director,  World  Trade  Center 

Douglas  R.  Oberhelman 

Group  President,  Caterpillar  Inc. 

Biggs  C.  Porter 

Chief  Financial  Officer,  Tenet  Healthcare  Corporation 

Dov  Seidman 

Chief  Executive  Officer,  LRN 

William  C  Weldon 

Chairman  of  the  Board  &  CEO,  Johnson  &  Johnson 

Kevin  White 

Vice  President  &  Director  of  Athletics,  Duke  University 


WWW.CONFERENCEONLEADERSHIP.COM 


CUSHfylANfc 
WAKEFIELD 


Cover:  Reference  librarians  play  a 
pivotal  role  in  guiding  students 
to  reliable  sources.  Illustration  by 
Dave  Wheeler. 

Vol.    94,   No.    5 


EDITOR:  Robert  J.  Bliwise  A.M.  '88 

MANAGING  EDITOR:  Zoe  Ingalls 

SENIOR  WRITER:  Bridget  Booher  '82,  A.M.  '92 

CLAY  EELKER  MAGAZINE  FELLOW: 

Jacob  Dagger '03 

SENIOR  EDITORIAL  ASSISTANT:  Kate  Bailey 

PUBLISHERS:  SterlyL.  Wilder '83  and 

Peter  Vaughn 

STUDENT  INTERNS: 

Katie  Byers-Dent  M.Div.  '10 

James  Holcombe  '09,  Tina  Mao  '11 

Jared  Mueller  '09,  Sarah  Takvorian  '10 

DESIGN  CONSULTANT: 

Maxine  Mills  Graphic  Design 

PRINTER:  Progress  Printing 


Duke  Magazine  Online 
+  Web-only  content 


This  issue: 

Librarians  log  on 
Class  of  2012  gets  fresh 
Centenarian  bats  1.000 
Scientist  gets  animated 


DUKES 


Magazine 


SETTEMBER-OCTOBER  2008 


w  ww.dukemagazine.duke.e  d 


Features 

Brave  New  World  by  Jacob  i 

Reference  librarians  in  the  age  of  Google:  Students  are  increasingly  tech-savvy, 
but  that's  different  from  being  skilled  at  doing  library  research 

Oldest  Living  Major  League  Ballplayer  Tells  All  by  Jon  Scher 

Centenarian  Bill  Werber  lettered  in  basketball  at  Duke,  played  bridge  with  Babe  Ruth, 
and  outmaneuvered  Connie  Mack — and  lived  to  tell  about  it 

Frosh  Faces  by  Bridget  Booher 

Members  of  the  Class  of  2012  are  academic  achievers  to  be  sure;  they're  also  genuinely 

interesting  individuals — a  fact  illustrated  by  portraits  of  five  standout  first-years 

Lobsta  Got  to  Sniff,  Dinosaurs  Got  to  Fly  by  Barry  Yeoman 

In  the  field  of  comparative  biomechanics,  Mimi  Koehl  is  an  audacious  pioneer  whose  success 
stems  from  a  willingness  to  challenge  assumptions 


40 


46 


52 


m 


Departments 


OFFICERS,  DUKE  ALUMNI  ASSOCIATION: 

Ann  Pelham  '74,  president 

SterlyL.  Wilder '83,  secretary-treasurer 

EDITORIAL  ADVISORY  BOARD: 

Peter  Applebome  71,  chair; 

Sarah  Hardesty  Bray  '72;  Jennifer  Farmer  '96 

Jerrold  K.  Footlick;  Robbyn  Footlkk  '85 

Edward  M.  Gomez  '79;  Devin  Gordon  '98 

Kerry  E.  Hannon  '82;  John  Harwood  '78 

Dave  Karger  '95;  Nora  Krug  '92 

Stephen  Labaton  A.M./J.D.  '86 

Hugo  Lindgren  '90;  Sara  Lipka  '01 

Julia  Livshin '96;  Valerie  A.  May '77 

Susannah  Meadows  '95;  Michael  Milstein  '88 

N.  Page  Murray  til  '85;  Will  Pearson  '01 

Lauren  Porcaro  '96;  Shaun  Raviv  '01 

Richard  Reeves;  Jim  Rosenfield  '81 

Susan  Tiffl  '73;  Greg  Veis  '03;  Jane  Vessels  '77 

David  Wallers '04;  James  O.Wilson '74 

Shelby  Oppel  Wood  '95;  Robert  J.  Bliwise  A.M.  '88, 

secretary;  Clay  Felker  '51,  founding  chair 


PHONE:  (919)  684-2875;  FAX:  (919)  681-1 
E-MAIL:  dukemag  Sduke.edu 


Quad  Quotes 

Blogging  for  Republicans,  reacting  to  gas  prices, 
pinning  labels  on  terrorists 

Forum 

Wayward  Frisbees,  conservative  priorities,  musical  scales,  water-use  choices 

Full  Frame 

Liquid  jazz 


'2008  Duke  University 

Published  bimonthly  by  the  Office  of  Alumni  Affairs 


Honors  at  the  Olympics,  content  on  YouTube,  engagement  with  Bloomsbury,  thoughts 
about  fuel  efficiency;  Sports:  athlete-educators  in  Vietnam;  Campus  Observer: 
mastering  movements  at  the  American  Dance  Festival;  Q&A:  at  Barack  Obama's  side 

Books 

Probing  backroom  power  in  Washington,  watching  a  phenomenon  in  children's  television 

Alumni  Register 

A  distinguished  alumnus  and  a  student  scholar  celebrated,  an  interactive  book  club 
expanded,  a  pre-eminent  editor  remembered;  Retrospective:  Terry  Sanford's 
presidential  ambitions;  mini-profiles:  showcasing  Inuit  art,  preserving  architectural  treasures, 
encouraging  online  emoting 

Under  the  Gargoyle 

Promises,  anxieties,  and  mixed  messages  from  1968 


Between  the  Lines 


Midas  touch:  Members  of  the 

U.S.  men's  basketball  team  share 

their  Olympic  gold  medals  with 

head  coach  Mike  Krzyzewski. 


How  could  you  not  be  awe- 
struck by  Clay  Felker?  I 
was  when  I  first  met  him, 
twenty-five  years  ago,  in 
his  Upper  East  Side  apartment. 
Visitors  would  descend  into  a 
sunken  living  room  that  was  lined 
with  beautifully  printed  art  books, 
inhabited  by  messy  piles  of  peri- 
odicals, and  filled  with  his  gravel- 
ly voice — surely  the  voice  of 
authority.  Our  conversation  that 
day  was  purposeful;  the  idea  was  to 
recruit  him  to  chair  an  advisory 
board  for  the  university's  newly 
conceived  alumni  magazine. 

He  readily  agreed.  Of  course, 
he  assumed  the  magazine  would 
be  broad  in  its  purview,  substan- 
tive in  its  writing — reflecting  the 
qualities  of  a  great  university.  And 
reflecting,  too,  the  restless  curi- 
osity of  Felker  '5 1 .  From  student 
days  spent  absorbed  in  the  library's 
collection  of  Civil  War  newspa- 
pers, he  had  gone  on  to  found 
New  York  magazine — a  powerful 
lens  on  the  city  and  the  social 
tumult  being  played  out  there — 
and  to  spark  innumerable  careers 
in  journalism.  Felker  famously 
could  find  a  story  idea  anywhere; 
like  a  latter-day  Balzac,  he  was  fas- 
cinated by  the  interactions  be- 
tween character  and  place. 

From  that  memorable  meeting 
until  his  death  this  summer,  Felker 
chaired  the  Duke  Magazine  Edi- 
torial Advisory  Board.  (See  Felker's 
obituary  on  page  65.)  In  that  role 
he  stressed  the  need  for  magazines 
to  develop  a  distinct  identity  by 
showing  off  a  point  of  view,  by 
which  he  meant  a  robust  attitude 
toward  the  world.  Every  story — and 
it  was  always  a  magazine  "story," 
not  a  pedestrian-seeming  "arti- 
cle"— should  flow  from  a  ques- 
tion. Reader  and  writer,  then, 
would  embark  on  a  shared  adven- 
ture of  intellectual  exploration. 


A  university  magazine  in  par- 
ticular, he  insisted,  shouldn't 
insult  an  educated  audience  by 
being  self-satisfied  and  self-cele- 
brating. Rather,  it  should  be  true 
to  a  university  community,  which 
invents,  argues  about,  and  dis- 
seminates ideas. 

After  I  had  known  him  for 
many  years,  I  was  walking  some 
New  York  blocks  with  Felker. 
Rather  jarringly,  he  called  a  halt 
to  our  progress.  We  had  come 
upon  a  construction  site.  It  was 
hardly  a  remarkable  New  York 
scene,  but  it  fascinated  Felker — 
the  grinding,  but  determined, 
work  of  building  the  city.  We 
spent  ten  or  fifteen  minutes  sim- 
ply watching  the  shaping  of 
urban  form  from  formlessness. 
Banal  to  most  New  Yorkers,  but 
astonishing  to  Felker  as  a 
perpetual  student  of  the  city. 

On  one  of  my  last  visits,  I 
joined  Felker  and  his  wife,  author 
Gail  Sheehy,  at  a  revival  of  the 
Stephen  Sondheim  musical 
Company.  The  play  is  a  study  of 
loves  and  losses,  rebounds  and 
regrets;  it's  smart,  savvy,  and  spir- 
ited, just  like  the  city  it  cele- 
brates. Afterward,  I  lingered  over 
a  particular  strand  of  dialogue. 
Marta,  one  of  the  characters,  says 
to  Bobby,  around  whom  much  of 
the  action  revolves:  "You  wanna 
know  why  I  came  to  New  York? 
I  came  because  New  York  is  the 
center  of  the  world,  and  that's 
where  I  want  to  be." 

That's  a  line  that  might  have 
been  spoken  by  Clay  Felker.  And, 
as  it  happened,  the  endlessly  am- 
bitious, endlessly  inquisitive  Clay 
Felker — who  very  much  wanted 
to  be  there — would  go  on  not  just 
to  inhabit  the  center  of  the  world, 
but  to  help  define  it  as  well. 

— Robert].  Bliwise,  editor 


QUAD  QUOTES 


"In  one  sense,  they're  argu- 
ing it  will  be  a  time  of  great 
disaster,  but  in  another 
sense  he's  saying,  'I  promise 
my  website  will  be  working.' 
There  are  logical  incon- 
gruities with  the  model." 
—Randy  Maddox,  professor 
of  theology  and  Wesleyan 
studies,  on  a  new  website 
that  allows  Christian  "believ- 
ers" to  prepare  e-mail  mes- 
sages to  be  automatically  sent 
to  acquaintances  after  the 
Rapture,  on  ABC  News 

"I'm  a  member  of  the  least 
Republican  generation  in 
recent  American  history. 
But  I  think  the  numbers 
behind  that  claim  are  wrong. 
It  isn't  that  most  people 
around  my  age  . . .  don't 
agree  with  Republican  ide- 
ology. It's  that  they  have  no 
idea  what  being  a  Repub- 
lican means.  Or,  more 
importantly,  could  mean." 

— Abby  Alger,  senior  public 

policy  studies  major  and 

co-founder  of  realworld 

republicans.com,  in  a  blog 

post  on  the  site 

"I  never  thought  I'd  see  it 

in  my  lifetime." 

—John  Hope  Franklin  Hon.  '98, 

James  B.  Duke  Professor 

Emeritus  of  history,  on  Barack 

Obama  becoming  the  first 

African-American  major-party 

presidential  nominee,  in  the 

Pittsburgh  Post-Gazette 

"Every  child  knows  who 
some  rapper  is.  Every  child 
knows  who  Shaquille  O'Neal 
is.  Everybody  should  know 
who  John  Hope  Franklin  is 
and  aspire  to  be  like  him." 

—Democratic  presidential 

candidate  Barack  Obama, 

during  a  campaign  rally 

in  Winston-Salem  attended 

by  Franklin  Hon.  '98, 

James  B.  Duke  Professor 

Emeritus  of  history 


"People  are  worried  about 
it.  But  that's  not  the  same 
as  changing  the  way  they 
do  things." 

—Behavioral  economist  Dan 

Ariely  Ph.D.  '98,  James  B.  Duke 

Professor  of  behavioral 

economics,  on  reactions  to 

rising  gas  prices,  in  The 

Fayetteville  Observer 

"Somehow,  we  have  gotten 
used  to  it.  That's  why  it 
seems  like  wallpaper  or  Mu- 
zak. It's  oddly  normal  and 
just  part  of  the  atmosphere." 


vww.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


•-S.W 


h 


V 


practice  of  journalism  and 
public  policy  studies,  explain- 
ing the  drop-off  in  news  cover- 
age of  the  war  in  Iraq,  in  the 
American  Journalism  Review 

"How  much  longer  are  we 
— the  United  States,  the 
United  Nations,  the  whole 
international  community — 
going  to  allow  brutal  lead- 
ers to  hide  behind  the  cloak 
of  sovereignty  as  they  kill, 
or  let  die,  masses  of  their 
own  people?" 

—Bruce  Jentleson,  professor  of 

public  policy  studies  and  an 

adviser  to  the  2008  national 

Genocide  Prevention  Task 


USA 


Force,  on  Burma's  placing 
strict  limitations  on  interna- 
tional aid  workers  in  the  wake 
of  a  deadly  cyclone,  in 
Raleigh's  News  8  Observer 

"It's  like  the  parents  are 

away  and  now  the  little  kids 

can  do  whatever  they  want." 

— Murali  Doraiswamy,  chief  of 

the  division  of  biological 

psychology  at  Duke  Medical 

School  and  author  of  a  study 

of  the  side  effects  of  sleep 

medication,  on  reports 

of  sleep-walking,  -eating, 

-cooking,  and  -driving,  in  The 

Wall  Street  Journal 

"It's  not  going  to  the  X-rated 
movie  theater  and  wonder- 


ing where  you'd  park  your 
car  and  if  anybody  would 
see  you — now  it's  one  click 
on  your  computer." 

— L.  Greg  Jones  M.Div.  '85, 

Ph.D.  '88,  dean  of 

Duke  Divinity  School,  on 

the  growing  need  for  churches 

to  address  the  issue  of 

pornography,  in  the 

Greensboro  News-Record 

"The  economy  is  in  the 
tank,  and  it  gives  them  an 
opening." 

—Kerry  Haynie,  associate 

professor  of  political  science, 

on  the  Obama  campaign,  in 

The  Christian  Science  Monitor 


"Rather  than  elevating 
their  power  and  prestige  by 
calling  them  'Islamic,'  it 
makes  a  great  deal  of  sense 
to  characterize  our  enemies 
as  simply  what  they  are — 
vicious  thugs  who  use  reli- 
gion as  a  political  tool." 

—David  Schanzer,  visiting 
associate  professor  of  the 
practice  for  public  policy  stud- 
ies and  director  of  the  Triangle 
Center  on  Terrorism  and 
Homeland  Security,  supporting 
a  National  Counterterrorism 
Center  recommendation  to 
avoid  using  terms  that  link  ter- 
rorist groups  with  Islam,  in  the 
Newark  Star-Ledger 


I  NBAE  /  Getty  Images 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     September-October  2008 


Forum 


Keep  Off  the  Grass 

The  Full  Frame  photograph 
in  the  July-August  issue  of 
students  playing  Frisbee  on 
the  South  Lawn  at  Duke 
Gardens  is  a  terrific  shot — 
thank  you!  But  at  the  time 
it  was  taken,  the  South 
Lawn  was  closed  (note  yel- 
low rope).  The  Friends  of 
Duke  Gardens  and  the  Uni- 
versity invested  $300,000 
to  replace  culverts,  remove 
trees  "loved  to  death"  by 
climbers,  improve  drainage 
and  irrigation  systems,  and 
re-sod  the  lawn  with  Ber- 
muda grass  better  suited  to 
our  changing  climate. 

Though  Frisbee  is  a  com- 
mon activity  here,  "team" 
sports  are  on  our  list  of 
don'ts,  along  with  don't 
pick  the  flowers  or  climb 
the  trees.  Our  plants  suffer 
greatly  from  wayward 
Frisbees  and  runaway  balls. 
In  any  case,  it  illustrates  the 
challenge  we  face  balancing 
the  desire  for  active  recre- 
ation and  our  mission  to 
develop,  interpret,  and  pre- 
serve our  plant  collections 
in  a  setting  designed  for 
more  passive  enjoyment. 

Bill  LeFewe 
The  writer  is  executive  director 
of  the  Sarah  P.  Duke  Gardens. 


Taking  Responsibility 

The  university's  decision  to 
boycott  investment  in 
Sudan  [Gazette,  May-June 
2008]  is  misguided  for  two 
reasons. 

First,  the  divestment 
"will  remain  in  effect  until 
the  U.S.  government  lifts 


sanctions  against  Sudan." 
This  clearly  shows  a  lack  of 
leadership  and  independ- 
ence. Most  government 
decisions  are  politically 
motivated,  which  is  why 
some  of  the  world's  worst 
human-rights  abusers  never 
make  the  government  list 
in  the  first  place. 

Second,  the  divestment 
points  to  human-rights 
violations  in  Darfur  as  the 
reason  for  the  decision. 
While  the  situation  in  Dar- 
fur is  tragic,  it  has  no  racial, 
ethnic,  or  religious  human- 
rights  component  at  all. 
Both  sides  are  black,  Mus- 
lim, and  Arab.  The  terrible 
atrocities  are  due  to  out-of- 
control  tribal  wars  caused 
by  a  combination  of  ex- 
treme poverty  and  desertifi- 
cation that  was  exacerbated 
by  gross  mismanagement  by 
the  Sudanese  government. 
So,  the  boycott  could  po- 
tentially hurt  the  very  peo- 
ple it  is  intended  to  help. 

I  am  glad  that  the  univer- 
sity is  interested  in  invest- 
ment responsibility.  Unfor- 
tunately, its  first  act  was  an 
ill-informed  Softball.  If  this 


interest  is  genuine,  the 
President's  Advisory  Com- 
mittee on  Investment  Re- 
sponsibility (ACIR)  needs 
to  have  the  courage  and 
leadership  to  tackle  more 
consequential  issues  such  as 
the  Israeli  occupation  of 
Palestine  and  the  Chinese 
oppression  of  ethnic  and  re- 
ligious minorities.  For  ACIR 
to  be  effective,  it  needs  to 
listen  to  Duke  students  and 
professors  more  than  it  does 
the  U.S.  government. 

M.M.  SammanPh.D.  '91 
Houston,  Texas 

Conservative  Bent? 

In  the  May-June  issue  of 
Duke  Magazine  you  ran  a 
supportive  (as  opposed  to 
analytical  and  critical)  arti- 
cle on  the  candidacy  of  Ron 
Paul  for  President  and  on 
the  Libertarian  movement 
["Speaking  Libertarian 
Lingua  Franca"].  Earlier  in 
the  year,  Duke  welcomed 
Karl  Rove  as  a  speaker.  I 
write  this  letter  to  seek  ad- 
ditional information  regard- 
ing these  events.  While  a 


university  needs  to  encour- 
age and  accept  different 
points  of  view  in  order  to 
promote  learning,  it  seems 
unusual  to  have  such  a  de- 
cided partisan  and  ideologi- 
cal effort  without  balancing 
speakers  and  publications. 

With  the  Bush  adminis- 
tration and  Ron  Paul,  there 
are  indications  that  con- 
cerns for  the  needs  of  others 
such  as  the  working  class 
and  the  poor,  protection  of 
the  less  powerful,  civil  rights, 
a  productive  civil  service, 
and  concern  for  the  welfare 
of  others  are  simply  not  pri- 
orities. Both  our  tax  system 
and  government  expendi- 
tures are  currently  oriented 
toward  rewarding  the  rich 
and  powerful  at  an  ever 
greater  level — and  "the  rich 
get  richer  while  the  poor 
get  poorer." 

Duke's  history  as  a  school 
of  faith  and  its  ongoing  sup- 
port of  Habitat  for  Human- 
ity and  community-service 
activities  generally  have 
contributed  to  my  own  sense 
of  the  importance  of  such 
issues.  I  would  not  like  to 
see  Duke  University  be- 


.izine.duke.edu 


come  an  institutional  sup- 
porter of  ideological  and 
wealth-oriented  politics. 

Herbert  K.  Ladder  '55 
Lutherville ,  Maryland 

Liberal  Bent? 

Why  would  you  contami- 
nate your  classy  magazine 
with  that  diatribe  against 
Karl  Rove  and  the  "totally 
incompetent"  government 
by  the  irrational,  flaming 
liberal  Stanley  Collyer 
[Forum,  May-June  2008]? 
He  must  have  morphed 
into  this  mindless  being  in 
recent  years.  I  don't  remem- 
ber the  Duke  faculty  of  my 
era  being  ultraliberal  as 
they  are  on  most  campuses 
nowadays.  So  I  don't  see 
how  he  could  have  gotten 
that  way  back  then. 

Roland  Woodfield 

B.S.C.E. '51 

Highlands  Ranch,  Colorado 


Musical  Notes 

The  research  of  Dale  Purves 
["In  Search  of  Music's  Bio- 
logical Roots,"  May-June 
2008]  is  brilliant.  Somebody 
should  nominate  him  for  the 
Nobel  Prize  in  medicine,  but 
since  few  scientists  know 
anything  about  music,  this 
hope  is  probably  forlorn. 

However,  there  are  some 
inaccuracies  and  exaggera- 
tions in  the  article.  The  five- 
note  pentatonic  scale  arose 
at  an  earlier  stage  of  music 
development  than  the 
seven-note  diatonic  scale, 
at  a  time  when  music  was 
passed  on  by  oral  tradition 


rather  than  written.  Thus, 
pentatonic  music  must  be 
more  closely  related  to 
speech  than  diatonic  music. 

Most  so-called  Negro 
spirituals,  brought  here  by 
the  slave  trade,  are  pentaton- 
ic; there  was  then  no  mech- 
anism in  Africa  for  writing 
music.  ("White  spirituals" 
like  "Amazing  Grace,"  which 
imitate  Negro-spiritual  style, 
are  also  pentatonic.  So  is 
"Auld  Lang  Syne,"  which  I 
would  thus  think  predates 
[Scottish]  recorded  history.) 

The  Greeks  probably  first 
developed  a  method  for 
writing  music,  adapting  the 
pentatonic  scale  by  adding 
two  semitones.  So  I  think 
professor  Purves  should  be 
concentrating  his  research 
on  pentatonic,  not  diaton- 
ic, scales. 

While  it  is  true  that  the 
pentatonic  scale  is  a  subset 
of  the  seven-note  diatonic 
scale  as  author  Ker  Than 
avers,  a  musicologist  would 
look  at  it  differently.  A  sub- 
set of  the  twelve-note  chro- 
matic scale  is  "diatonic"  if  it 
consists  of  seven  connected 
elements  of  the  circle  of 
fifths.  Its  complement  in 
the  circle  is  the  five-note 
pentatonic  subset.  Each  dia- 
tonic subset  contains  seven 
scales  depending  upon  which 
note  is  chosen  as  the  start- 
ing point.  These  are  the  cel- 
ebrated ecclesiastical  modes, 
two  of  which  are  the  major 
and  minor  scales.  Similarly, 
there  are  five  pentatonic 
scales  in  each  pentatonic 
subset. 

On  page  41,  Than  implies 
that  physics  cannot  explain 
why  consonance  occurs  for 


certain  intervals  and  not  for 
others.  I  respectfully  dis- 
agree; physics  explains  this 
very  well,  based  on  the  con- 
cept of  beats,  roughness,  and 
fusion  applied  to  the  over- 
tone series  of  musical  tones. 
See,  for  example,  Donald 
Hall's  Musical  Acoustics 
(Brooks/Cole,  1980). 

To  learn  more  about  dia- 
tonic and  pentatonic  sets 
and  scales,  see  my  own  arti- 
cles in  Perspectives  of  New 
Music  (Vol.  34,  No.  1,140- 
161,  1996)  or ]oumalof 
Statistical  Physics  (Vol.  121, 
1097-1104,  2005).  This 
work,  and  that  of  others, 
belies  Purves'  statement  that 
music  cannot  be  explained 
in  terms  of  mathematical 
ratios.  If  he  had  added  the 
word  "alone"  I  might  agree 
with  him. 

On  page  39,  Johannes 
Kepler's  belief  in  the  "music 
of  the  spheres"  is  described. 
This  theory  was  refuted  by 
his  contemporary,  Marin 
Mersenne,  the  discoverer  of 
Mersenne  primes  (primes  of 
the  form  2n-l ),  who  was  al- 
so a  musician  and  is  called 
the  "father  of  acoustics." 

Paul  F.  Zweifel  Ph.D.  '54 
Radford,  Virginia 

Rational  Questions 

Robert  Bliwise's  article  on 
Fuqua  professor  Dan  Ariely 
was  informative  and  very 
interesting  ["Why  We  Do 
the  Things  We  Do,"  May- 
June  2008].  In  emphasizing 
the  irrational  nature  of 
many  of  our  decisions, 
Ariely  seems  to  ignore  the 
existence  of  rationality. 


If  most  of  our  decisions  are 
irrational,  then  why  should 
Ariely's  writings  and  theories 
have  any  predictability  or 
rational  basis? 


Perhaps  he  didn't  mean  to 
dismiss  rationality,  and  he 
has  brilliantly  outlined  the 
large  extent  of  irrational 
decision-making. 

If  most  of  our  decisions  are 
irrational,  then  why  should 
Ariely's  writings  and  theo- 
ries have  any  predictability 
or  rational  basis?  Is  he  vast- 
ly more  rational  than  the 
rest  of  us?  In  fact,  I'm  sure 
he  would  agree  that  deci- 
sions have  both  rational 
and  irrational  components. 

What  is  problematic  is 
the  suggestion  that  society 
should  be  more  paternalis- 
tic, with  mandatory  mecha- 
nisms forcing  retirement 
savings  and  health  check- 
ups. Who  would  be  in 
charge  of  deciding  what  re- 
quirements should  be  forced 
on  people?  How  could  we  be 
certain  that  the  decision- 
makers are  more  rational 
than  everybody  else?  Col- 
lective decisions  are  not 
necessarily  more  rational 
than  individual  decisions, 
and  sometimes  they  are 
worse.  There  are  many  his- 
torical examples  of  this. 
The  tyranny  of  the  majority 
must  always  be  viewed  with 
some  suspicion.  These  types 
of  policy  decisions  are  made 
by  those  with  the  most  po- 
litical power.  Politicians  are 
not  always  elected  in  a 
rational  manner. 

Again,  Ariely  has  done  us 
a  great  service  in  research- 
ing these  issues,  which  have 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     September-October  2008 


not  been  explored  very  well 
in  the  past.  And  it  is  possi- 
ble that  he  is  more  rational 
than  the  majority  of  us,  be- 
cause it  is  irrational  to  pre- 
tend that  irrationality  does 
not  exist. 

David  C.  Morris 

74.M.D.  78 

Lexington,  South  Carolina 

All  in  the  Family 

The  article  about  LGBT  is- 
sues at  Duke  in  the  March- 
April  issue  ["Gay.  Fine  By 
Duke?"]  emphasized  how 
"family-oriented"  the  pride 
parade  was.  The  observa- 


tion that  even  the  protest- 
ers had  brought  children 
along  is  not  a  reflection  of 
the  parade's  family-friendli- 
ness; instead,  it  reveals  the 
level  of  disregard  that  the 
protesters  actually  have  for 
today's  families.  Those  peo- 
ple are  teaching  their  chil- 
dren to  hate  and  fear  fami- 
lies that  are  not  like  theirs, 
and  ultimately,  those  chil- 
dren will  either  have  to  face 
the  reality  that  diverse,  lov- 
ing families  deserve 
respect — or  they  will  pass 
on  that  fear  and  hatred  to 
their  own  children. 

Sarah  HargerM. P.P.  '06 
Washington,  D.C. 


Conservation  Matters 

After  several  Duke  Maga- 
zine issues  have  passed,  I  am 
shocked  that  no  one  has 
picked  up  on  the  university's 
water-conservation  methods 
[Gazette,  January-February 
2008].  Therefore  I  feel 
obliged  to  write  a  comment. 
I  refer  specifically  to  the 
fact  that  the  dining  facili- 
ties have  switched  to 
disposable  plastic  cutlery 
as  opposed  to  the  original 
washable  and  reusable 
stainless  steelware  in  an 
effort  to  limit  the  use  of 
valuable  water  resources. 
While  I  don't  have  the  spe- 


cific figures  at  hand,  I 
would  assume  that  once- 
only  plasticware  must  con- 
sume far  more  of  our  plan- 
et's natural  resources  than 
the  washing  and  reusing  of 
the  stainless  steelware.  The 
amount  of  water  and  oil 
used  to  produce,  package, 
ship,  and  then  dispose  of 
the  plasticware  must  far 
outweigh  the  benefits  of 
the  minimal  water  saved  by 
the  dining  facilities.  In 
financial  terms,  your  assets 
versus  your  liabilities  have 
not  been  properly  account- 
ed for! 

I  would  strongly  urge  the 
dining  facilities  managers 


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spirit  of  what  college  athletics  is  all  about.  Whether  it  is  on  the  field,  in  the  classroom, 
or  in  the  community,  the  men  and  women  who  wear  the  Duke  jersey  are  without  a  doubt 
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II 

IRON  DUKES 


R  O   N    D  U   K  E   S 

(919)613-7575 


'.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


to  reconsider  their  use  of 
disposable  cutlery.  In  fact, 
it  is  ironic  that  a  university 
with  a  showcase  green- 
energy  Smart  Home  and 
the  Nicholas  School  of  the 
Environment  is  using  dis- 
posable plasticware.  Please 
be  kind  and  save  our  plan- 
et!  Please  do  let  me  know 
what  the  dining  facilities 
decide  on  this  matter. 

RonMiaoM.B.A.  '91 
Richmond,  Surrey,  UK 

Tavey  McDaniel,  Duke's 
environmental  sustainability 
coordinator,  responds: 
Last  winter,  Durham  Coun- 
ty was  struggling  to  over- 


come the  worst  drought  in 
recorded  history.  In  re- 
sponse, Duke,  the  largest 
user  of  water  in  the  county, 
employed  many  water-sav- 
ing measures. 

The  choice  to  use  dispos- 
able plates  and  cutlery  in 
the  dining  halls,  which,  in 
the  short  term,  saved  hun- 
dreds of  gallons  of  water 
daily,  was  made  with  the 
knowledge  that  we  were 
trading  this  water  savings 
for  additional  waste.  As 
with  many  environmental 
issues,  there  are  numerous 
competing  priorities  when 
considering  the  entire  life- 
cycle  impacts  of  a  product. 


For  example,  the  use  of 
metal  cutlery  also  has  an 
environmental  footprint 
from  resource  extraction, 
manufacturing,  distribu- 
tion, and  cleaning.  Not 
only  is  water  necessary  to 
wash  these  products,  but 
this  water  is  heated  from 
fossil-fuel  energy. 

Unfortunately,  there  is 
not  often  an  easily  identifi- 
able environmental  winner 
when  it  comes  to  these 
complex  issues.  Our  deci- 
sion to  use  disposables — 
one  also  made  by  many 
Durham  restaurants — en- 
abled us  to  maximize  our 
short-term  water  reduction 


efforts  at  a  time  when 
Durham's  water  supply  was 
in  dire  straits. 

Although  water  conser- 
vation remains  an  impor- 
tant priority  for  Duke,  water 
levels  in  Durham  County 
have  improved  over  the 
past  few  months,  allowing 
Duke's  dining  facilities  to 
return  to  regular  dinner- 
ware.  If  the  water  supply 
drops  again,  though,  Duke 
will  reevaluate  all  conser- 
vation options. 


Our  mission  is  to  engage,  connect, 
and  celebrate  alumni  of  Duke. 


Your  alumni  dues  support  programs,  services, 
and  benefits  designed  specifically  for  you. 

Why  pay  dues?  DAA  dues  sustain  such  alumni  activities  as  local  club  events,  reunions, 
Duke  Magazine,  career  counseling,  initiatives  for  young  alumni,  alumni-endowed  scholarships 
and  advocacy  for  alumni  children  and  grandchildren  in  admissions,  Alumni  Admissions  Advisory 
Committees,  and  educational  and  travel  programs.  Visit  www.dukealumni.com. 

Can  we  count  on  you?  You  can  pay  your  alumni  dues  online  at  www.dukedues.com. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     September-October  2008 


Durham's  United  House  of  Pray 


I 


Gazette 


ACROSS  THE  CAMPUS 


Duke  in  Beijing 


Incoming  first-year  student  Rebecca  Ward 
was  the  first  Blue  Devil  to  take  home  a 
medal  at  the  Olympic  Games  in  Beijing. 
Ward,  who  joins  the  university's  fenc- 
ing team  on  a  full  athletic  scholarship,  won 
the  bronze  medal  in  the  women's  individual 
saber  competition.  She  and  her  U.S.  team- 
mates, who  swept  the  podium  in  the  event, 
also  won  bronze  medals  in  the  women's  team 
saber  competition. 

Mike  Krzyzewski,  men's  basketball  coach, 
was  head  coach  of  the  U.S.  men's  basketball 
team,  guiding  them  to  the  gold  medal  against 
Spain.  The  win  satisfied  a  three-year  mis- 
sion to  shape  the  "Redeem  Team,"  which  was 
the  first  to  win  an  international  competi- 
tion since  2000  and  which  included  Carlos 
Boozer  '03.  Among  other  Duke  alumni  com- 
peting or  coaching  in  this  year's  summer 
games  were  Bob  Fox  J.D.  '68,  team  leader  for 
the  U.S.  table  tennis  team;  Hiroshi  Hoketsu 
A.M.  '68,  a  Japanese  equestrian  who  was,  at 
age  sixty-seven,  believed  to  be  the  oldest  ath- 
lete competing;  Shannon  Rowbury  '06,  A.M. 
'08,  who  placed  seventh  in  the  women's 
1,500  meter  final — the  highest  an  Ameri- 
can has  ever  placed  in  the  event;  and  Re- 
becca Smith  '03,  a  starter  for  New  Zealand's 
women's  soccer  team. 

China-born  choreographer  Shen  Wei, 
whose  Shen  Wei  Dance  Arts  company  de- 
buted at  the  Duke-based  American  Dance 
Festival  in  2000  and  performed  in  the  most 
recent  ADF  season,  was  lead  creative  con- 
sultant and  principal  choreographer  for  the 
Olympic  opening  ceremonies. 

Learn  more  about  current  and  past  Duke  Olympians: 
www.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


Leadership  Changes 

George  L.  McLendon,  who  became 
dean  of  the  faculty  of  Arts  6k  Sci- 
ences in  July  2004,  has  been  ap- 
pointed to  a  second  five-year  term. 
At  the  same  time,  he  has  also  been  named 
dean  of  Trinity  College,  succeeding  Robert 
J.  Thompson  Jr.,  who  stepped  down  June  30 


after  nine  years  in  the  position  to  return  to 
teaching. 

The  dual  appointment  has  historical  prec- 
edent at  Duke.  Ernestine  Friedl  was  both  dean 
of  the  faculty  of  Arts  &  Sciences  and  dean 
of  Trinity  College  from  1980  to  1985,  as  were 
Richard  A.  White  (from  1985  to  1989)  and 
William  H.  Chafe  (from  1997  to  1999). 

McLendon's  appointment  to  the  new  post 


is  the  latest  in  a  series  of  moves  designed  to 
enhance  the  undergraduate  experience  at 
Duke.  In  March  2007,  Provost  Peter  Lange 
named  Stephen  Nowicki,  a  biology  profes- 
sor and  dean  of  the  natural  sciences,  as  the 
first  dean  of  undergraduate  education.  And 
this  past  June,  McLendon  chose  Lee  D. 
Baker,  the  former  chair  of  the  Arts  &  Sci- 
ences Council,  as  Trinity  College  dean  of 
academic  affairs. 

In  that  position,  Baker,  an  associate  pro- 
fessor of  cultural  anthropology  and  African 
and  African  American  studies  who  has 
served  in  recent  years  on  the  DukeEngage 
steering  committee,  the  Athletics  Council 
review  committee,  and  the  provost's  stand- 
ing committee  on  diversity,  will  take  on 


12 


www.dukemaga:  ine.duke.edu 


GO  BEYOND  THE  PRINT    Get  links  to  online  content  related  to  Gazette  stories:www.dukemagazine.duke.edu/resources. 


Duke  hopes  to  tap  into  that  audience  with 
its  own  YouTuhe  channel,  launched  in  May. 
The  channel,  which  may  he  found  at  www. 
youtube.com/diike,  compiles  videos  that  high- 
light important  Duke  research,  student  proj- 
ects, and  various  aspects  of  campus  life. 

Video  content  ranges  from  discussions  of 
current  events  by  faculty  members  to  an  ex- 
planation of  the  workings  of  a  prototype 
invisibility  cloak  by  its  inventors  and  inter- 
views with  members  of  the  golf  team. 

Duke  is  part  of  a  growing  roster  of  univer- 
sities seeking  to  use  the  site  as  a  way  to  reach 
out  to  potential  students  and  other  audi- 
ences. Staff  members  in  Duke's  news  and 
communications  office  have  been  posting 
videos  on  YouTube  for  almost  two  years,  but 
they  hope  that  the  channel  will  attract 
additional  viewers. 

Tracy  Futhey,  Duke's  vice  president  for 


some  of  Thompson's  former  administrative 
responsibilities. 

McLendon  will  now  be  charged  with  over- 
seeing "the  strategic  integration  of  the  un- 
dergraduate and  graduate,  and  teaching  and 
research,  missions  of  Arts  6k  Sciences,"  says 
Lange. 

Duke  Goes  YouTube 

Since  its  inception  in  2005,  YouTube, 
a  website  that  allows  users  to  easily 
upload  and  share  original  videos,  has 
grown  rapidly  in  popularity.  Recent 
news  reports  suggest  that  in  any  given  month, 
tens  of  millions  of  users  are  watching  bil- 
lions of  videos  on  the  site. 


information  technology  and  chief  informa- 
tion officer,  notes  that  Duke's  focus  on 
video  grew  from  its  experimentation  with 
iPods  and  iTunes  U. 

"Our  faculty  and  students  are  becoming 
more  and  more  proficient  and  sophisticated 
video-content  producers,"  she  says,  "and  we 
want  these  valuable  materials  to  reach  their 
widest  audience  possible." 


Making  Science  Fun 

Science  can  sometimes  be  intimidat- 
ing. William  Chameides,  dean  of  the 
Nicholas  School  of  the  Environment, 
hopes  to  change  that. 

Earlier  this  year,  he  launched  a  blog,  host- 
ed by  the  Nicholas  School's  website,  where 
he  discusses  current  environmental-policy 
news,  shares  fun  facts,  and  offers  tips  for  liv- 
ing a  greener  lifestyle. 

The  blog's  title,  The  Green  Grok,  will  be 
familiar  to  science-fiction  fans;  the  word 
"grok"  is  borrowed  from  Robert  Heinlein's 
1961  sci-fi  novel,  Stranger  in  a  Strange  Land. 
In  the  book,  Heinlein  defines  the  word  as 
"to  understand  so  thoroughly  that  the  ob- 
server becomes  part  of  the  observed." 

The  blog's  creators — Chameides  is  aided 
by  an  editor,  a  researcher,  and  a  tech  spe- 
cialist— explain:  "As  a  species  we  are  pursu- 
ing an  unsustainable  course.  While  world 
populations  are  rising  and  consumption  is 
increasing,  resources  are  diminishing.  At 
the  same  time  global  warming  is  threaten- 
ing our  natural,  industrial  and  social  infra- 
structures. We  must  find  a  sustainable  path. 
An  important  first  step  is  understanding — 
or  grokking." 

The  tone  of  the  blog  is  conversational  and 
full  of  curiosity.  In  one  entry,  Chameides 
takes  the  reader  along  as  he  searches  for  in- 
formation about  a  yellow  "goo"  that  appears 
in  his  backyard — photo  provided.  While 
reading  up  on  fungi,  he  discovers  news  ac- 
counts of  a  new  fungus  that  is  threatening 
major  wheat  suppliers  in  Africa  and  Asia. 
He  pauses  to  muse  on  the  potential  effects 
and  solutions  before  getting  back  to  identi- 
fying his  backyard  goo,  which  turns  out  to  be 
a  "slime  mold"  known  as  Dog  Vomit  Slime. 

In  another  entry,  he  considers  reports 
that  only  a  third  of  "Denver  Daisies,"  a  new 
flower  variety  developed  and  planted  to  cel- 
ebrate the  eponymous  city's  150th  birthday, 
actually  bloomed.  Despite  claims  on  the 
city's  website  that  the  daisy  is  "perfectly- 
suited  for  Colorado's  arid  climate,"  he  con- 
cludes that  water  restrictions  probably  had  a 
lot  to  do  with  the  sparse  yield. 

In  other  posts,  Chameides  and  "guest 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     September-October  2008 


Uazette 

ACROSS  THE  CAMPU 


grokkers"  recruited  from  the  Nicholas  School 
faculty  explore  the  environmental  impact 
of  summer  lawn  care,  presenting  statistics  to 
show  the  adverse  effects  of  watering,  fertiliz- 
ing, and  spraying  pesticides;  critique  Bush 
administration  environmental  policy;  and 
present  scientifically  proven  tips  for  cutting 
household  carbon  emissions. 

Putting  complicated  science  in  layman's 
terms  comes  naturally  to  Chameides.  Before 
coming  to  Duke  in  2007,  the  atmospheric 
chemist  worked  as  chief  scientist  for  the 
nonprofit  Environmental  Defense  Fund.  In 
addition  to  overseeing  research,  he  wrote 
about  global  warming  for  the  organization's 
blog  and  hosted  a  question-and-answer 
series  called  "Ask  Dr.  Bill"  aimed  at  provid- 
ing practical  advice  to  individuals  wanting 
to  combat  global  warming. 


Board  Appointees 


Three  new  members  joined  Duke's 
board  of  trustees  in  July,  one  as  a  full 
member  and  two  as  young  trustees. 
Xi-Qing  Gao  J.D.  '86,  president  and 
chief  executive  officer  of  China  Investment 
Corporation,  which  manages  a  part  of  Chi- 
na's foreign-exchange  reserves,  will  fill  a 
vacated  term  through  June  2013.  After  grad- 
uating from  Duke,  Gao  practiced  law  with  a 
Wall  Street  firm  from  1986  to  1988.  He  has 
since  served  on  arbitration  panels  for  hun- 
dreds of  international  trade  or  investment 
disputes  between  Chinese  and  foreign  com- 
panies, and  was  instrumental  in  the  estab- 
lishment of  the  Shanghai  and  Shenzhen 
stock  exchanges  in  1990.  He  has  written  ex- 
tensively on  Chinese  securities  law,  bank- 
ing, and  legal  philosophy  and  has  taught  in 
adjunct  faculty  positions  at  Duke  and  sever- 
al Chinese  law  and  management  schools. 

Ryan  Todd  '08  was  elected  to  a  three-year 
term  as  a  young  trustee  by  members  of  Duke 
Student  Government  (DSG)  and  the  Inter- 
community Council.  At  Duke,  the  Jupiter, 
Florida,  native  majored  in  political  science 
and  philosophy,  and  minored  in  mathemat- 
ics. He  was  a  member  of  the  Black  Student 
Alliance,  a  DSG  senator,  and  vice  president 
of  the  student-run  theater  group  Hoof  'n' 


Practicing 
Justice 


UPDATE 


"Practicing  Justice , " 
Duke  Magazine , 
July-August  2006 

n  2006,  when  Duke  Magazine 
checked  in  with  the  law 
school's  Guantanamo  Defense 
Clinic,  students  were  busily 
researching  and  filing  briefs  and 
generally  providing  assistance  to 
the  Defense  Department's  Office  of 
the  Chief  Defense  Counsel  (0CDC). 
Less  than  a  year  in,  the  clinic  had 
already  proven  itself  indispensable 
to  the  military  lawyers  charged 
with  defending  alleged  terrorists 
being  held  at  Guantanamo  Bay. 

But  owing  to  quick  turnover  in 
the  0CDC,  the  clinic,  once  a  foun- 
tain of  youth,  has  become  a  font 
of  institutional  knowledge.  Its 
director,  law  professor  Madeline 
Morris,  who  agreed  early  in  2006 
to  become  chief  counsel  to  the 
0CDC  pro  bono,  is  now  the  senior 
member  of  the  defense  team.  And 
while  students  graduate  each  year, 
the  thorough  work  they  do  is  pre- 
served and  can  be  drawn  upon 
whenever  the  need  arises,  which, 
in  the  messy  and  quickly  changing 
world  of  military-commission  law, 
is  often. 

Many  of  the  clinic's  alumni 
who've  since  moved  on  to  jobs  in 
firms  around  the  country  remain 
involved  in  deliberations  about 


defense  strategies,  ready  to  take 
calls  from  0CDC  lawyers  and  pro- 
vide advice.  Amy  Blackwood  J.D. 
'07,  an  associate  at  Keller  and 
Heckman  in  Washington,  has  initi- 
ated a  pro  bono  Guantanamo 
defense  project  at  her  firm. 

For  current  students,  the  case- 
load is  as  big  as  ever.  In  May,  the 
Department  of  Defense  referred 
five  detainees  charged  in  connec- 
tion with  9/11  to  the  military 
commissions.  Four  have  declined  to 
be  represented,  so  the  clinic  will 
focus  its  efforts  on  the  fifth.  And  in 
June,  the  Supreme  Court  ruled,  in 
Boumediene  v.  Bush,  that  detainees 
in  Guantanamo  have  the  right  to 
habeas  corpus — in  other  words, 
they  can  challenge  their  detentions 
in  the  U.S.  court  system.  Students 
are  already  working  on  habeas  pe- 
titions for  their  clients. 

But  as  with  previous  cases 
involving  detainees,  Boumediene 
may  raise  more  questions  than 
it  answers.  During  a  panel  discus- 
sion at  the  law  school  soon  after 
the  ruling,  Morris  listed  just  a  few 
questions  that  courts  haven't  an- 
swered but  will  likely  have  to  in  the 
future:"ls  there  a  war  on?  If  there's 
not  a  war  on,  should  we  let  every- 


one go?  What's  a  war?  Is  it  an  inter- 
national armed  conflict?  If  we  don't 
have  to  let  everyone  go,  do  we  have 
to  charge  them  criminally?  Is  there 
some  other  basis  for  detention?" 

With  the  slogan  "Close 
Guantanamo"  echoing  through 
political  corridors,  Morris  says, 
many  of  these  questions  will  be 
cast  in  even  greater  relief,  and  the 
need  for  strong  leaders  working  to 
find  answers — through  the  courts, 
but  also  through  the  legislative 
process — will  only  increase. 

To  that  end,  she  recently  sub- 
mitted a  proposal  to  broaden  the 
clinic's  work  to  include  a  "Program 
on  Counterterrorism  and  the  Rule 
of  Law,"an  expert  working  group 
that  would  study  counterterrorism 
law  and  make  policy  suggestions. 
She's  also  working  with  a  group  of 
clinic  alumni  on  a  book,  slated  to 
be  released  by  Oxford  Press  in 
2009.  Tentatively  titled  Terror  and 
Tyranny:  Preventative  Detention  in 
the  Age  of  Jihad,  it  will  apply  her 
work  with  the  commissions,  as  well 
as  academic  research,  in  exploring 
many  of  these  same  issues. 


-Jacob  Dagger 


Horn.  He  also  served  as  president  of  Cam- 
pus Council  and  was  founder  and  chair  of 
the  Alumni  Student  Advisory  Board. 

Xing  Zong,  a  rising  sixth-year  Ph.D.  can- 
didate from  Yangzhou,  China,  will  serve  a 
two-year  young-trustee  term;  he  was  elected 
to  the  position  by  members  of  the  Graduate 
and  Professional  Student  Council.  Zong  has 
served  as  president  of  the  Duke  Chinese 


Students  and  Scholars  Association,  as  a  stu- 
dent representative  to  the  Duke  board  of 
trustees'  institutional  advancement  com- 
mittee, and  as  student  liaison  for  President 
Richard  H.  Brodhead's  first  official  visit  to 
Asia  in  the  summer  of  2006.  He  also  co- 
founded  DukeChina.org,  a  bilingual  website 
that  features  stories  about  Duke  and  inter- 
views with  school  officials. 


14 


www.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


Gazette 


STATE  OF  THE  ARTS 


BY  THE  NUMBERS 

LILLY  LIBRARY  VIDEO  COLLECTION 

12,000  Videocassettes 
11,000  DVDs 

0  Cost,  in  dollars,  of  renting  either 

265  Classes  that  used  the  video  library  in 

2007-08 
1,623  Videos  assigned  for  student  viewing 

in  2007-08 
81/2  Title  of  the  first  videocassette 

purchased  for  the  collection 

500  16mm  films  in  the  collection 
500  Laser  disks  in  the  collection 

2000  Last  year  new  movies  were  released 

on  laser  disk  in  the  U.S. 
2000  Year  the  library  first  purchased  DVDs 

548  Number  of  times  The  Graduate, 
the  most  frequently  rented  movie,  has 
circulated 

— James  Hokombe 


Staff  Writer,  Dw/ce/Wagaz/ne 

Duke  Magazine,  the  university's  award-winning  flagship 
publication,  is  seeking  candidates  for  the  position  of 
Clay  Felker  Fellow/Staff  Writer.  The  Felker  Fellow: 

•  Writes  or  compiles  the  magazine's  standing  departments, 
including  Gazette,  Campus  Observer,  and  Q&A 

•  Contributes  feature  stories,  a  process  that  involves 
substantial  research,  interviewing,  and  reporting  as  well 
as  writing  to  high  journalistic  standards 

•  Assists  in  copyediting  manuscripts  and  proofreading 
the  magazine  at  various  stages  of  production 

•  Contributes  to  long-term  issue  planning 
Preference  is  given  to  a  recent  Duke  graduate  with  a 
clear  interest  in  journalism.  This  is  a  three-year,  entry- 
level  position. 

Send  a  cover  letter,  resume,  and  writing  samples  to 
Robert  Bitwise,  editor,  Duke  Magazine,  Campus  Box  90572, 
Durham,  N.C.  27708  or  robert.bliwise@daa.duke.edu. 


New  Faces  for  Financial  Aid, 
Career  Center 

Duke's  Career  Center  and  financial- 
aid  office  are  both  undergoing 
changes  in  leadership. 
Administrators  recently  announced 
the  hiring  of  Alison  Rabil  as  assistant  vice 
provost  and  director  of  financial  aid.  Rabil, 
who  currently  serves  as  financial-aid  direc- 
tor at  Barnard  College,  will  assume  her  new 
post  on  November  1.  She  succeeds  Jim  Bel- 
vin,  Duke's  director  of  financial  aid  for  thir- 
ty-two years. 

She  previously  served  as  director  of  Co- 
lumbia University's  Office  of  Student  Fi- 
nancial Planning  and,  before  that,  in  ad- 
ministrative positions  at  the  University  of 
Washington  and  Common  Cents  New  York, 
a  nonprofit  organization  that  manages  serv- 
ice-learning programs  for  young  people.  She 


also  served  on  the  financial-aid  planning 
committee  for  the  Consortium  on  Financ- 
ing Higher  Education. 

Over  the  summer,  William  Wright-Swadel, 
director  of  career  services  at  Harvard  Uni- 
versity, was  named  Fannie  Mitchell  Exec- 
utive Director  for  Career  Services.  He  fills 
the  post  that  Sheila  Curran  left  at  the  end 
of  the  2007-08  school  year. 

At  Harvard,  Wright-Swadel  led  the  office 
that  provides  comprehensive  assistance  to 
students  in  Harvard  College,  as  well  as  the 
university's  graduate  school  of  arts  and  sci- 
ences, school  of  engineering  and  applied  sci- 
ences, and  division  of  continuing  education. 

Wright-Swadel  was  director  of  career  ser- 
vices at  Dartmouth  College  from  1992  to 
1995  and  the  University  of  Rhode  Island 
from  1988  to  1992.  He  has  also  held  career- 
services  positions  at  the  State  University  of 
New  York  at  New  Paltz  and  the  University 
of  Maine. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     September-October  2008 


15 


STATE  OF  THE  ARTS 


First  sura  (section), 

Arabic  MS  23,  Qur'an, 

Harar,  Ethiopia, 

18th  century. 


BIBLIO  FILE 

Selections  from  the  Rare  Book,  Manuscript,  and  Special  Collections  Library 


The  art  of  creating  elegant 
handwritten  copies  of  the 
Qur'an  has  long  been  cher- 
ished in  the  Islamic  world, 
a  reflection  of  the  belief  that  the 
physical  form  of  the  text  should 
reveal  the  beauty  and  power  of  the 
content.  Copying  the  Qur'an,  in  ad- 
dition to  making  the  text  available, 


was  (and  is)  an  act  of  devotion. 
To  support  the  growth  of  the 
Duke  Islamic  Studies  program,  the 
Rare  Book,  Manuscript,  and  Special 
Collections  Library  recently  acguired 
an  eighteenth-century  manuscript 
Qur'an,  produced  in  Harar,  Ethiopia. 
This  copy  is  particularly  interesting 
as,  in  addition  to  the  text  of  the 


Qur'an  in  the  Sudani  Arabic  script, 
the  manuscript  features  a  commen- 
tary oh  the  text  running  diagonally 
down  the  margin  of  each  page. 

Ethiopia  has  large  populations 
of  both  Muslims  and  Christians,  but 
Harar  was,  at  the  time  of  this  man- 
uscript's production,  an  independ- 
ent Islamic  emirate  and  remained 


so  into  the  1880s.  One  of  the  Islamic 
centers  of  Africa,  it  was  also  a  major 
commercial  city.  Trade  routes  may 
hold  a  key  to  understanding  this 
manuscript:  The  script  and  the 
design  of  the  commentary  are  very 
similar  to  fifteenth-century  manu- 
scripts from  north  India. 

This  manuscript  volume  reflects 
the  Muslim  beliefs  and  traditions 
of  Qur'anic  copying  in  many  ways, 
in  the  quality  of  its  contemporary 
tooled-leather  binding,  the  careful 
border  around  the  text,  and  the 
illumination  of  the  first  section  in  a 
decorated  border. 

The  manuscript  also  facilitated 
memorization  and  recitation  of  the 
text:  It  includes  an  introduction 
outlining  the  rules  that  were  fol- 
lowed by  the  copyist  and  recitation 
marks  in  the  text  to  act  as  cues  for 
correct  intonation,  pronunciation, 
and  rhythm. 

The  newly  acquired  Qur'an  com- 
plements Duke's  large  collection  of 
Christian  Ethiopic  manuscripts,  which 
document  the  diversity  of  religious 
and  artistic  practices  in  Ethiopia. 

http.//  Iibrary.duke.edu/ 

specialcollections 


Latin  Flair 

For  two  decades,  Oscar  Hijuelos  has 
been,  in  his  own  words,  "gainfully  un- 
employed" as  a  fiction  writer.  But  then 
Hijuelos,  author  of  the  Pulitzer-Prize- 
winning  The  Mambo  Kings  Play  Songs  of 
Love,  bumped  into  Michael  Malone  at  a 
writers'  conference.  Malone,  a  visiting  pro- 
fessor of  the  practice  of  theater  studies  at 
Duke,  suggested  that  Hijuelos  look  into 
teaching  at  Duke  as  well. 

It  was  perfect  timing:  The  university  had 
recently  focused  attention  on  reinvigorat- 
ing  its  Latino/a  studies  program,  and  the 
English  department  was  conducting  a  na- 
tional search  for  a  distinguished  writer 


to  teach  in  the  creative-writing  program. 

Hijuelos  was  hired  and  arrived  in  January 
with  his  wife,  Lori  Marie  Carlson,  a  writer, 
editor,  and  translator  who  also  is  teaching 
in  the  English  department.  Hijuelos  and  Carl- 
son will  each  teach  for  two  semesters  over 
the  next  two  years.  This  past  spring,  he  taught 
one  creative  writing  class  focusing  on  auto- 
biography and  one  on  the  short  story. 

In  the  writing  class,  he  says  he  encour- 
aged students  to  think  about  ways  to  draw 
on  their  own  experiences.  "What  I'm  trying 
to  do  is  get  them  to  be  self-aware."  He  says 
he  also  likes  to  get  student  writers  thinking 
about  different  approaches  in  writing.  In 
one  assignment  in  the  short-story  class,  for 
example,  he  had  the  students  add  two  pages 


to  the  end  of  "The  Man  Who  Died,"  a  story 
by  D.H.  Lawrence. 

"It's  sort  of  like  a  music  school  that  brings 
in  a  jazz  player  to  bring  in  some  different 
methods,"  he  says. 

His  own  method  is  based  on  his  experi- 
ences as  an  American  born  to  Cuban  par- 


■. Jukciii.i  '.izmc.iluke.cdu 


ents  in  New  York.  The  Mambo  Kings  tells  the 
story  of  Cesar  Castillo,  an  aging  musician 
who  recalls  the  mambo  craze  of  the  1950s. 
It  was  an  international  best  seller,  and,  in 
1990,  Hijuelos  became  the  first  Hispanic 
writer  to  win  the  Pulitzer  Prize.  The  book 
was  made  into  a  movie  in  1992  starring 
Armand  Assante  and  Antonio  Banderas. 


Captured  on  Film 


In  2006,  Purnima  Shah  went  to  Gujarat, 
in  western  India,  to  research  a  book  on 
garaba  or  garba  dancing,  a  ritual  per- 
formance that  dates  back  to  at  least  the 
fifteenth  century.  As  she  worked,  she  dis- 
covered that  the  traditional  aspects  of  the 
dance  were  quickly  disappearing.  She  real- 
ized that  the  book  project  was  important, 
but  she  also  felt  an  urgent  need  to  capture 
the  dance  on  film. 

"I  can't  stop  the  traditions  from  fading 
away,  but  I  can  document  them,"  says  Shah, 
an  assistant  professor  of  the  practice  of 
dance  at  Duke. 

But  Shah  had  never  made  a  film  before. 


So  when  she  returned  to  Duke,  she  sought 
the  counsel  of  Josh  Gibson  '95,  assistant 
director  of  Duke's  Film/Video/Digital  pro- 
gram. Gibson  specializes  in  documentary 
production  and  experimental  film.  He  has 
also  studied  Indian  cinema  and  traveled  and 
worked  there  extensively.  His  wife  is  a  film- 
maker of  Indian  heritage,  and  her  parents 
are  both  well-known  Indian  filmmakers. 

Together,  Shah  and  Gibson  applied  for, 
and  received,  a  $50,000  grant  from  the  pro- 
vost's Council  for  the  Arts,  which  supports 
visiting  artists  and  campus  groups  engaged 
in  collaborative  art  projects. 

Garba  is  a  circle  dance  preformed  at  wed- 
dings and  other  life-cycle  events  by  the 
Gujarati  community.  It  is  also  the  center- 
piece of  the  religious  nine-night  Navaratri 
festival  honoring  the  goddess  Devi.  At  the 
festival,  hundreds  of  people  often  partici- 
pate in  one  large  dance. 

Early  in  her  research,  Shah  visited  local 
archives  and  libraries  in  search  of  historical 
accounts  of  the  dance,  but  found  very  little 
published  information.  "It  occurred  to  me 
that  some  of  these  regional  traditions  are 


being  performed  in  these  remote  areas  only 
and  nowhere  else  in  the  world.  And  nobody 
knows  about  it,"  she  says.  During  her  own 
travels,  Shah  discovered  many  regional  va- 
riations of  the  garba,  some  limited  to  a  sin- 
gle village. 

In  some  of  the  rural  areas,  she  says,  the 
dance  appears  to  have  retained  its  religious 
character,  but  in  the  urban  areas,  it  has 
changed  significantly.  The  modern  version 
of  the  dance  has  been  "disco-ized";  the  tra- 
ditional music  is  overlaid  with  a  disco  beat 
and  the  costumes  are  modernized.  Tradi- 
tionally, singing  dominated  the  music  with 
invocations  to  and  praise  of  the  goddess. 
Now  it's  being  replaced  with  this  flashier, 
secular  version  influenced  by  Bollywood- 
and  MTV-style  compositions,  she  says. 

Shooting  on  the  film  will  begin  this  fall, 
and  the  filmmakers  hope  to  have  the  film 
ready  for  festival  showings  in  about  a  year. 

Shah's  documentary  is  just  one  of  many 
projects  that  have  received  funding  in  re- 
cent months  from  the  provost's  Council  for 
the  Arts. 

The  council,  a  group  of  Duke  administra- 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     September-October  2008 


G 


d 


STATE  OF  THE  ARTS 


tors,  faculty  members,  and  students  con- 
vened by  Provost  Peter  Lange  to  promote 
the  arts  on  campus  through  collaborative 
projects,  has  awarded  $257,000  in  grants 
since  May  2007  for  sixteen  projects. 

The  projects  range  from  a  movie-making 
marathon  involving  undergraduate  students 
from  Duke  and  North  Carolina  Central  Uni- 
versity to  a  residency  by  Vincent  Mantsoe, 
a  South  African  dancer  and  choreographer. 

This  fall,  Kevin  "KAL"  Kallaugher,  car- 
toonist for  The  Economist,  will  create  a 
politically  themed  sculpture  at  the  Terry 
Sanford  Institute  for  Public  Policy.  Other 
recipients  are  pursuing  projects  in  theater 
and  music — even  a  podcast — or  seeking  to 
establish  long-term  collaborations  with  out- 
side institutions  such  as  Le  Fresnoy,  France's 
National  Studio  of  Contemporary  Art.  One 
grant  was  used  to  commission  jazz  pianist 
Jason  Moran's  In  M;y  Mind:  Monk  at  Town 
Hall  J  959  for  last  year's  Thelonious  Monk 
tribute  series  (see  "Hummable  Genius," 
November-December  2007). 

For  a  full  list  of  projects: 
www.dukemagazine.duke.edu 

Bloomsbury  at  Duke 

As  incoming  freshmen  arrive  on  cam- 
pus eager  to  begin  their  college  ca- 
reers this  fall,  the  university  will  be- 
gin the  academic  year  by  celebrating 
the  Bloomsbury  group,  an  influential  assort- 
ment of  thinkers,  writers,  and  artists  that 
began  100  years  ago,  when  many  of  the 
eventual  members  enrolled  at  Cambridge 
University.  Diverse  yet  like-minded  in  their 
intellectual  curiosity,  these  students,  who  in- 
cluded budding  art  critic  Clive  Bell,  painter 
Duncan  Grant,  economist  John  Maynard 
Keynes,  and  novelists  E.M.  Forster  and  Vir- 
ginia Woolf,  regularly  met  to  discuss  every- 
thing from  politics  and  economics  to  art 
and  literature. 

The  Nasher  Museum  of  Art  will  play  a 
prominent  role  in  a  yearlong,  campus-wide 
program  about  the  Bloomsbury  group  that 
will  culminate  in  an  exhibit,  "A  Room  of 
Their  Own:  The  Bloomsbury  Artists   in 


SYLLABUS 

HISTORY  233  AS: 
Narrative  History  and 
Historical  Fiction 

ome  lucky  writers  stumble 
upon  a  soldier's  diary  from 
the  Civil  War  or  an  intrigu- 
ing love  letter  in  their 
grandparents' attic,  and  their  stories 
just  seem  to  unfold  from  there.  But 
in  Simon  Partner's  historical-fiction 
class,  students  must  instead  resort 
to  dutiful  research  and  a  flowing 
imagination  in  order  to  craft  stories 
set  decades,  even  centuries  ago. 
Before  the  writing  begins,  stu- 
dents read  a  variety  of  historical 
works  in  order  to  form  a  foundation 
of  techniques  and  theories  on 
which  to  build.  Partner's  syllabus 
pairs  fiction  with  nonfiction,  and 
he  asks  students  to  consider  what 
makes  for  successful  storytelling 
and  why  it  has  fascinated  people 
throughout  history.  Each  week, 
the  class  focuses  on  a  specific  time 
and  place — twentieth-century 
Japan,  say,  or  the  Depression-era 
Dust  Bowl.  Students  examine  dif- 
ferent storytelling  techniques 
employed,  question  the  quality 
of  the  portrayal  of  the  historical 
backdrop,  and  observe  how  differ- 
ent approaches  in  narrative  can 
result  in  different  stories. 


But  the  course's  main  focus  is 
the  stories  told  by  the  students 
themselves.  By  the  end  of  the 
semester,  each  student  is  expected 
to  produce  a  substantial  piece  of 
historical  fiction  or  nonfiction  at 
least  thirty  pages  long.  Topics  have 
included  the  Cherokee  Trail  of  Tears, 
the  Black  Panthers  movement,  and 
the  Taiping  Rebellion.  The  class  is 
structured  as  a  series  of  workshops; 
students  lead  the  discussions  and 
critique  each  other's  work. 

Throughout  the  semester, 
Partner  emphasizes  the  responsi- 
bilities inherent  in  writing  histori- 
cal fiction.  He  says  he  believes  that 
his  role  as  a  historian  is  to  make 
history  accessible.  That  requires  a 
narrative  approach  rather  than  one 
that  is  purely  analytical.  There  is 
"some  kind  of  extraordinary  power 
to  storytelling,"  Partner  says. 

He  challenges  students  to  find 
new  approaches  for  classic  story- 
lines but  cautions  them  against 
taking  on  "too  much  story,"trying 
to  cover  topics  too  broad  or  com- 
plex for  the  space  allotted  in  the 
assignment.  History  is  a  collection 
of  stories  that  play  out  over  long 


periods,  he  says.  It  is  in  the  details 
that  a  narrative  truly  comes  to  life. 


Simon  Partner  graduated  from  the 
University  of  Cambridge,  and  went 
on  to  earn  an  M.B.A.  from  Man- 
chester Business  School  and  a  Ph.D. 
in  history  from  Columbia  University. 
He  received  a  Fulbright  Research 
Fellowship  in  2000.  His  research 
interests  include  twentieth-centu- 
ry Japan. 


None.  Open  to  upperclassmen  and 
graduate  students 


The  syllabus  consists  of  three  types 
of  readings:  theory  of  narratives, 
excerpts  from  historical  fiction,  and 
excerpts  from  nonfiction  appealing 
to  a  general  audience 


One  piece  of  historical  fiction  or 
nonfiction,  at  least  thirty  pages 
long  and  based  on  a  minimum  of 
one  primary  source 

— Sarah  Takvorian 


American  Collections,"  scheduled  to  open 
December  18  and  run  through  April  5. 
Assembled  in  conjunction  with  Cornell 
University's  Herbert  F.  Johnson  Museum  of 
Art,  the  exhibit  will  include  paintings, 
works  on  paper,  decorative  arts,  and  book 
arts  borrowed  from  public  and  private  col- 
lections throughout  the  U.S. 

In  keeping  with  the  Bloomsbury  Group's 
belief  that  "art  should  be  wherever  people 


live,"  the  exhibit  will  feature  a  wide  variety 
of  different  pieces  such  as  clothing,  mantel- 
pieces, and  lampshades  that  could  be  found 
in  an  average  home. 

Not  all  the  art  on  display  will  be  common- 
place, though.  Commissioned  to  paint  three 
panels  on  the  RMS  Queen  Mary,  Grant  cre- 
ated a  twelve-by-twenty-foot  depiction  of  a 
Spanish  festival  titled  Seguidilla.  The  piece 
was  eventually  rejected  and  broken  into 


18 


www.dukemagdrine.duke.edu 


Untitled  (Perseus  and  Andromeda),  1964,  Bob  Thompson,  United  States. 

Gouache  on  rag  paper.  10  %  x  10  %  inches. 

Gift  of  Paula  Cooper  in  memory  of  Raymond  D.  Nasher  '43. 


four  separate  sections,  but  a  newly  restored 
section  depicting  a  man  with  cymbals  will 
be  prominently  displayed  in  the  exhibit. 

There's  been  significant  interest  in  creat- 
ing a  Bloomsbury  exhibit  at  the  Nasher  for 
the  past  few  years,  according  to  Craufurd 
Goodwin  Ph.D.  '58,  James  B.  Duke  Profes- 
sor of  economics,  who  has  helped  to  organ- 
ize both  the  exhibit  and  the  programming 
that  surrounds  it.  It  became  a  reality  when 
staff  members  at  the  Johnson  Museum  se- 
cured a  grant  from  the  National  Endow- 
ment for  the  Humanities,  and  agreed  to  a 
collaboration  with  the  Nasher. 

Goodwin  became  interested  in  the  Blooms- 


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bury  group  after  being  asked  to  teach  a 
freshman  seminar  on  the  topic.  His  students, 
he  says,  quickly  became  engaged  with  the 
material,  and  even  continued  to  meet  peri- 
odically as  upperclassmen  to  discuss  the 
group's  work. 

"Bloomsbury  art  essentially  asks  the  ques- 
tion of  how  you  want  to  live  your  life,"  he 
says.  "I  think  that's  why  students  relate  so 
well  with  it.  Basically,  the  artists  were  deal- 
ing with  the  same  things — sexual  identity, 
antiwar  feelings,  feeling  of  purpose,  to  name 
a  few — that  students  today  deal  with." 

Since  then,  he  has  published  numerous  ar- 
ticles and  a  book  about  Bloomsbury. 

The  Bloomsbury  celebration  kicks  off  Sep- 
tember 16  with  a  panel  discussion  on  the 
group's  treatment  of  the  issues  of  gender  and 
sexuality.  A  presentation  on  the  group's 
influence  on  concepts  of  empire  and  state 
and  a  discussion  of  "creative  communities" 
follow  in  October  and  November. 

After  debuting  at  the  Nasher,  the  exhibit 
will  travel  to  Cornell's  Johnson  Museum  and 
then  to  Northwestern  University's  Mary  and 
Leigh  Block  Museum  of  Art,  the  Smith  Col- 
lege Museum  of  Art,  and  the  Palmer  Museum 
of  Art  at  the  Pennsylvania  State  University. 
•2  — James  Holcombe 

5.  For  a  full  schedule  of  programming 

i      and  more  information  about  the  Nasher  exhibit: 
1  www.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


Bloomsbury  coterie: 
Lady  Ottoline 
Morrell,  Maria 
Huxley,  Lytton 
Strachey,  Duncan 
Grant,  and  Vanessa 
Bell,  from  left,  at 
Garsington  Manor 
near  Oxford; 
painting  of  flowers 
over  mantel  by 
Duncan  Grant,  above. 


Selections  from  the 
Nasher  Museum  of  Art 

his  gouache  is  one  of  at  least  two  works 
that  Bob  Thompson  created  based  on 
Titian's  oil  painting  Perseus  and  Androme- 
da  (1553-62,  Wallace  Collection,  London). 
Titian's  Italian  Renaissance  painting  became  a 
springboard  for  Thompson's  exploration  of  intense 
and  expressive  color,  energetic  composition,  and 
personal  symbolism. 

According  to  an  ancient  Greek  myth,  Perseus, 
the  son  of  Zeus  and  Danae,  a  mortal,  rescues  the 
beautiful  Ethiopian  princess  Andromeda,  who  was 
to  be  sacrificed  because  her  mother,  Casseopeia, 
had  offended  the  sea-god  Poseidon. 

Perseus  finds  Andromeda  chained  to  a  rock  by 
the  sea  just  as  she  is  about  to  be  devoured  by  a  sea 
monster.  He  slays  the  monster  and  later  marries 
Andromeda.  In  Titian's  painting,  Andromeda  is 
nude  except  for  chains  around  her  arms  and  right 
ankle  and  a  swath  of  drapery  across  her  shoulder 
and  lower  body. 

Thompson  eliminates  Andromeda's  chains  and 
the  drapery,  thus  exposing  her  full  nudity.  Instead 
of  a  sword,  Perseus  carries  one  of  the  symbols  that 
often  appear  in  Thompson's  work — a  bird,  usually 
caught  by  the  feet,  sometimes  hanging  limp, 
other  times  trying  to  escape  and  fly  away. 

Through  the  use  of  personal  metaphors, 
ambiguous  spaces,  flattened  forms,  and  expres- 
sionistic  colors,  Thompson's  works  often  suggest 
sexuality,  violence,  rituals,  and  dreams,  thus  alter- 
ing the  content  of  the  original  sources.  His  reinter- 
pretation  of  his  sources  is  not  specific,  however, 
allowing  the  viewer  to  ponder  different  possibili- 
ties of  meaning. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     September-October  2008 


RESEARCH  FRONTIERS 


Curing  Cold  Sores 


M 


ost  times,  the  herpes  simplex  vi- 
rus 1  (HSV1)  lies  dormant  in  the 
trigeminal  nerve  of  the  face.  But 
when  triggered  by  excessive  sun- 
light, fever,  or  other  stresses,  it  erupts  into 
the  painful,  unsightly  blemishes  known  as 
cold  sores.  The  virus  is  common  but  has 
evaded  a  cure  and  even  efforts  at  preven- 
tion— so  far,  that  is. 

Duke  Medical  Center  scientists,  support- 
ed by  two  National  Institutes  of  Health 
grants,  say  they  have  figured  out  how  the 
virus  that  causes  cold  sores  hides  out.  They 
believe  that  this  knowledge  may  yield  im- 
portant clues  as  to  how  to  kill  it. 

The  first  step  is  waking  up  the  virus.  "In- 
active virus  is  completely  untouchable  by 
any  treatment  we  have,"  says  Bryan  Cullen, 
a  professor  of  molecular  genetics  and  micro- 
biology. "Unless  you  activate  the  virus,  you 
can't  kill  it." 

While  the  virus  is  hiding  out,  it  does  not 
replicate  itself.  It  produces  only  one  molec- 
ular product,  called  "latency  associated 
transcript  RNA,"  or  LAT  RNA  for  short. 
"It  has  always  been  a  mystery  what  this  pro- 
duct, LAT  RNA,  does,"  Cullen  says.  "Usu- 
ally viral  RNAs  exist  to  make  proteins  that 
are  of  use  to  the  virus,  but  this  LAT  RNA  is 
extremely  unstable  and  does  not  make  any 
proteins." 

But  in  recent  studies  of  mice,  Cullen's 
team  showed  that  the  LAT  RNA  in  HSV1 
is  processed  into  smaller  strands,  called 


/•••":•'-  ■ 


microRN  As,  that  block  production  of  the 
proteins  that  make  the  virus  turn  on  active 
replication.  As  long  as  the  supply  of  micro- 
RNAs  is  sufficient,  the  virus  stays  dormant. 

This  finding  suggests  that  a  combination 
therapy  may  be  within  reach,  Cullen  says. 
He  and  his  team  are  testing  a  new  drug  de- 
signed to  bind  precisely  to  the  microRNAs 
that  keep  the  virus  dormant.  If  it  works,  the 
virus  would  become  activated  and  start 
replicating. 

Once  the  virus  is  active,  a  patient  would 
then  take  acyclovir,  a  drug  that  effectively 
kills  replicating  HSV1.  "In  principle,  you 
could  activate  and  then  kill  all  of  the  virus 
in  a  patient,"  Cullen  says.  "This  would  com- 
pletely cure  a  person,  and  you  would  never 
get  another  cold  sore." 

He  and  the  team  are  working  with  drug 
development  companies  in  animal  trials  to 
begin  to  answer  questions  about  how  to 
deliver  this  drug  most  effectively. 


HIV  Insights 


Two  new  studies  about  HIV  have  come 
out  of  Duke  recently,  both  hinting  at 
the  importance  of  more  comprehen- 
sive education  and  testing  programs. 

The  first  concerns  the  potential  spread  of 
the  virus  in  elderly  populations.  Regular 
HIV  testing  has  traditionally  been  recom- 
mended for  young  people.  The  Centers  for 
Disease  Control  and  Prevention,  for  exam- 
ple, recommends  HIV  screening  only  for 
patients  ages  thirteen  to  sixty-four. 

The  rationale  is  that  the  screening  is  more 
cost-effective — even  if  the  prevalence  of 
the  disease  is  low — because  young  people 
are  likely  to  have  more  sex  partners,  and  the 
benefits  of  early  diagnosis  and  treatment 
will  be  enjoyed  over  a  long  period. 

Cost-effectiveness  is  often  measured  in 
quality-adjusted  life-years  (QAYLs),  a  figure 
that  takes  into  account  numerous  factors, 
including  the  quality  and  length  of  life. 

But  recent  studies  show  that  large  num- 
bers of  Americans  now  remain  sexually  ac- 
tive well  into  their  sixties,  seventies,  and 
even  eighties,  and,  in  response,  a  team  of  re- 
searchers, including  some  at  Duke,  designed 


a  study  to  evaluate  the  cost-effectiveness  of 
screening  patients  fifty-five  to  seventy-four. 

Assuming  that  0.5  percent  of  the  study  pop- 
ulation was  HIV-positive,  the  researchers 
found  that  HIV  screening  for  patients  aged 
sixty-five  who  were  not  sexually  active 
would  cost  $55,440  per  QALY  gained,  while 
screening  for  sexually-active  sixty-five-year- 
olds  would  cost  $30,020  per  QALY.  Re- 
searcher Gillian  Sanders,  an  associate  pro- 
fessor of  medicine  at  the  Duke  Clinical  Re- 
search Institute,  says  such  figures  are  within 
the  range  of  other  accepted  cost-effective 
ratios,  and  in  the  United  States,  these  would 
generally  be  considered  "a  good  use  of  our 
health-care  dollars." 

"All  of  us  also  need  to  remember  that  age 
doesn't  protect  anyone  from  HIV,"  Sanders 
says.  "You're  as  vulnerable  at  sixty  as  you  are 
at  sixteen." 

The  second  study  has  to  do  with  the 
speed  at  which  the  HIV  virus  takes  hold. 
Until  now,  scientists  believed  that  the  win- 
dow of  opportunity  to  intervene  in  the 
process  of  HIV-1  infection  lay  in  the  three 
to  four  weeks  between  transmission  and  the 
development  of  an  established  pool  of  in- 
fected CD4  T-cells,  key  infection  fighters  in 
the  body. 

But  the  new  study,  based  on  thirty  people 
who  were  recently  infected  with  HIV-1, 
showed  that  the  virus  does  a  great  deal  of 
damage  to  the  immune  system  very  early  on. 
The  researchers  took  blood  samples  from 
each  of  the  study  participants  every  three 
days  for  several  months,  measuring  their  plas- 
ma for  four  products  of  CD4  T-cell  death. 

They  found  that  levels  of  one  product  in 
particular,  known  as  "tumor  necrosis  factor- 
related  apoptosis-inducing  ligand"  (TRAIL), 
increased  significantly  a  full  week  before 
peak  viral  load,  which  occurs  approximately 
seventeen  days  after  HIV-1  transmission, 
suggesting  that  during  the  earliest  period  of 
infection,  TRAIL  may  actually  hasten  HIV- 
l's  destruction  of  CD4  T-cells. 

Barton  Haynes,  the  senior  author  of  the 
study  and  director  of  the  Center  for  HIV/ 
AIDS  Vaccine  Immunology  at  Duke  Med-  s 
ical  Center,  says  the  findings  suggest  that  an  J 
optimal  vaccine  strategy  would  have  to  a 


www.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


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RESEARCH  FRONTIERS 


pack  a  double  punch:  first,  establishing  as 
much  immunity  as  possible  before  infec- 
tion, much  as  classic  vaccines  do,  and  then 
following  a  few  days  later  with  a  mechanism 
to  provoke  a  strong,  secondary,  broad-based 
antibody  response. 

Man-Made  Water 

As  population  growth,  food  produc- 
tion, and  the  regional  effects  of  cli- 
mate change  place  greater  stress  on 
the  Earth's  natural  water  supply,  "man- 
made"  water — created  by  removing  salt  from 
seawater  and  brackish  groundwater  through 
reverse  osmosis  desalination — will  become 
an  increasingly  important  resource  for  mil- 
lions of  humans,  especially  those  in  arid 
regions  such  as  the  Middle  East,  the  western 
U.S.,  northern  Africa,  and  central  Asia. 
But  its  use  will  bring  changes  to  the  envi- 
ronment. 

"Water  that's  been  desalted  through  re- 
verse osmosis  contains  a  unique  composi- 
tion, which  will  induce  changes  in  the  chem- 
istry and  ecology  of  aquifers  and  natural 
water  systems  it  enters,"  says  Avner  Ven- 
gosh,  associate  professor  of  earth  and  ocean 
sciences  at  the  Nicholas  School  of  the  En- 
vironment. 

A  new  study  by  Vengosh  and  colleagues 
in  France  and  Israel  provides  tools  to  identi- 
fy and  trace  this  man-made  water  as  it 
mixes  with  natural  water  supplies  and,  over 
time,  replaces  natural  waters  in  areas  entire- 
ly dependent  on  desalination. 

The  study,  published  in  the  journal  En- 
vironmental Science  and  Technology,  details 
for  the  first  time  the  isotope  geochem- 
istry— or  chemical  fingerprints — of  the  ele- 
ments boron,  lithium,  strontium,  oxygen, 
and  hydrogen,  which  are  found  in  seawater 
and  brackish  groundwater  that  have  been 
desalinized  through  reverse  osmosis. 

Identifying  these  unique  geochemical 
and  isotopic  fingerprints  gives  scientists  and 
water-quality  managers  a  new  array  of  tools 
for  tracing  the  presence  and  distribution  of 
man-made  fresh  water  in  a  region's  soils, 
surface  water,  and  groundwater,  Vengosh  says. 

"As  this  water  leaks  into  the  environment 


through  poor  infrastructure  or  enters  it  di- 
rectly through  irrigation,  it  will  be  possible 
to  use  our  new  tracers  to  track  the  water  back 
to  its  origin. 

"It's  sort  of  like  a  detective  who  collects 
fingerprints  at  the  scene  of  the  crime  and 
matches  them  to  the  guilty  suspect,"  he  says. 

Being  able  to  trace  water  back  to  a  desali- 
nated source  will  allow  local  governments 
and  water  utilities  to  zero  in  on  the  problem 
of  water  loss  and  correct  it  more  quickly  and 
efficiently.  Moreover,  because  desalted  waste- 
water can  be  recycled  through  the  environ- 
ment and  reused  as  a  source  of  drinking 
water — a  process  already  being  used  in 
southern  California — the  new  tools  would 
enable  utilities  and  government  agencies  to 
trace  the  relative  contribution  of  desalted 
water  in  their  systems  and  to  test  the  effec- 
tiveness of  their  water-treatment  processes. 

Saving  Gas 

In  the  U.S.  automotive  industry,  fuel  ef- 
ficiency is  almost  always  reported  in 
terms  of  miles  per  gallon.  But  in  a  re- 
port published  in  Science  magazine,  a 
pair  of  researchers  from  the  Fuqua  School  of 
Business  argue  that  rating  efficiency  by  gal- 


Freshening  up:  Salt  water  begins  desalination 
process  in  plant  south  of  Tel  Aviv,  Israel. 

Ions  per  mile  would  help  car  buyers  weigh 
their  options  more  wisely. 

Richard  Larrick,  an  associate  professor  of 
management,  and  Jack  Soil,  an  assistant 
professor  of  management,  came  to  that  con- 
clusion after  running  a  series  of  experiments 
to  test  how  people  responded  to  improve- 
ments in  fuel  efficiency. 

They  found  that  reporting  fuel  efficiency 
in  miles  per  gallon,  or  mpg,  leads  consumers 
to  believe,  incorrectly,  that  fuel  consump- 
tion is  reduced  at  an  even  rate  as  efficiency 
improves.  For  example,  most  people  sur- 


22 


vww.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


veyed  believed  that  an  improvement  from 
thirty-four  to  fifty  mpg  would  save  more  gas 
over  10,000  miles  than  an  improvement 
from  eighteen  to  twenty-eight  mpg,  even 
though  the  latter  saves  twice  as  much  gas. 
(Going  from  thirty-four  to  fifty  mpg  saves 
ninety-four  gallons;  going  from  eighteen  to 
twenty-eight  mpg  saves  198  gallons.) 

These  mistaken  impressions  were  cor- 
rected when  participants  were  presented 
with  fuel  efficiency  expressed  in  gallons  used 
per  100  miles  rather  than  mpg.  Viewed  this 
way,  eighteen  mpg  becomes  5.5  gallons  per 
100  miles,  and  twenty-eight  mpg  is  3.6  gal- 
lons per  100  miles — an  eight-dollar  savings, 
assuming  gas  is  about  four  dollars  per  gallon. 
Thirty-four  mpg  translates  to  about  2.9  gal- 
lons per  100  miles,  compared  with  2.0  for 
fifty  mpg,  a  savings  of  less  than  a  gallon. 

"This  measure  makes  it  easy  to  see  how 
much  gas  one  might  use  in  a  given  year  of 
driving  and  how  much  gas,  and  money,  can 
be  saved  by  opting  for  a  car  with  greater  effi- 
ciency," Larrick  says. 

Gallons  per  10,000  miles  is  already  the 
standard  measure  in  many  other  countries. 

Race  and  Leadership 

Despite  decades  of  progress  for  minor- 
ities in  corporate  settings,  Ameri- 
cans still  expect  business  leaders  to  be 
white,  and  they  judge  white  leaders 
more  effective  than  their  minority  counter- 
parts. This  is  according  to  a  study  published 
in  the  journal  of  Applied  Psychology  by  re- 
searchers from  Duke,  Northwestern  Uni- 
versity, and  the  University  of  Toronto. 

Traditionally,  research  in  this  area  has  fo- 
cused on  how  people  respond  to  accepted 
"leadership  traits,"  such  as  intelligence,  goal- 
orientation,  and  charisma,  or  behavior  such 
as  acting  in  a  decisive  manner.  But  in  this 
study,  the  research  team,  led  by  Ashleigh 
Shelby  Rosette,  an  assistant  professor  of  man- 
agement at  the  Fuqua  School  of  Business, 
sought  to  explore  whether  race,  specifically 
"being  white,"  was  an  attribute  of  people's 
prototypical  leader. 

The  team  conducted  four  experiments  in 
which  943  undergraduate  and  graduate  stu- 


dents with  work  experience  reviewed  ficti- 
tious newspaper  clippings  and  performance 
reviews.  Subjects  then  evaluated  fictitious 
CEOs,  project  leaders,  and  division  leaders. 

The  participants  consistently  assumed  the 
leaders  to  be  white  when  the  race  was  not 
disclosed,  even  when  the  racial  composi- 
tion of  the  existing  leaders  in  the  organiza- 
tions was  described  as  80  percent  African 
American,  80  percent  Hispanic  American,  or 
80  percent  Asian  American.  The  same  pre- 
sumption of  "whiteness"  was  not  observed 
when  the  participants  assessed  non-leaders. 

In  an  interesting  turn,  the  researchers 
found  no  relation  between  the  study  partic- 
ipants' race  and  their  impressions  of  the 
leaders'  race.  Participants  who  identified 
themselves  as  racial  minorities  assumed  the 
leader  to  be  white  as  often  as  the  white  par- 
ticipants. 

"Our  finding  that  Americans  of  all  races 
associate  successful  leadership  with  being 
white  demonstrates  just  how  embedded  this 
bias  can  be,"  says  co-author  Geoffrey  Leonar- 
delli  of  Toronto's  Rotman  School  of  Man- 
agement. 

In  experiments  where  the  leader's  race  was 
identified,  white  leaders  were  judged  a  bet- 
ter match  with  traditional  leader  expecta- 
tions, such  as  successful  performance,  than 
were  racial  minorities.  Participants  who  were 
told  that  a  leader  was  responsible  for  the  or- 
ganization's success  and  then  asked  to  rate 
that  leader's  effectiveness  judged  white  lead- 
ers to  be  more  effective  than  minority  leaders 
who  had  achieved  the  same  level  of  success. 

"Over  time,  people  develop  implicit  be- 


liefs about  the  traits  and  behaviors  of  lead- 
ers, and  this  combination  of  characteristics 
evolves  into  a  standard  called  a  'leader  pro- 
totype,' "  Rosette  says.  The  new  study  sug- 
gests that  race  remains  a  component  of  that 
prototype. 


Tiny  Robots 


M 


icroscopic  robots  crafted  to  ma- 
neuver separately  without  any 
obvious  guidance  are  now  assem- 
bling into  self-organized  struc- 
tures after  years  of  continuing  research  led 
by  a  Duke  computer  scientist. 

"It's  marvelous  to  be  able  to  do  assembly 
and  control  at  this  fine  a  resolution  with 
such  very,  very  tiny  things,"  says  Bruce 
Donald,  professor  of  computer  science  and 
biochemistry. 

Each  microrobot  is  shaped  something  like 
a  spatula  but  with  dimensions  measuring  just 
microns,  or  millionths  of  a  meter.  They  are 
almost  100  times  smaller  than  any  previous 
robotic  designs  of  their  kind,  Donald  says. 

Formally  known  as  microelectromechan- 
ical  system  (MEMS)  microrobots,  the  de- 
vices are  of  suitable  scale  for  Lilliputian 
tasks  such  as  moving  around  the  interiors  of 
laboratories-on-a-chip. 

In  videos  produced  by  Donald's  research 
team,  two  microrobots  can  be  seen  pirouet- 
ting to  the  music  of  a  Strauss  waltz  on  a 
dance  floor  just  one  millimeter  across.  In 
another  sequence,  the  devices  pivot  in  a 
precise  fashion  whenever  their  boomlike 
steering  arms  are  drawn  down  to  the  surface 
by  an  electric  charge. 

Recently,  the  researchers  have  succeeded 
in  getting  five  of  the  devices  to  maneuver 
together  using  the  same  control  system. 

Donald  is  also  working  with  Duke  associ- 
ate professor  of  neurobiology  Richard  Mooney 
and  associate  professor  of  physics  Gleb  Fink- 
elstein  on  using  the  microbots  to  probe  the 
architecture  of  animal  brains.  Eventually, 
they  could  be  used  for  a  variety  of  medical, 
technological,  and  manufacturing  purposes. 

Watch  the  video  of  the  robots  strutting  their  stuff: 
www.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     September-October  2008         23 


Fit  to  Quit 


Smokers  seeking  to  kick  the  habit  may 
soon  be  able  to  save  time,  money,  and 
boxes  of  unused  patches.  For  the  first 
time,  researchers  have  identified  pat- 
terns of  genes  that  appear  to  influence  how 
well  individuals  respond  to  specific  smoking 
cessation  treatments. 

Scientists  at  Duke  Medical  Center,  the 
National  Institute  of  Drug  Abuse,  Brown 
University,  and  the  University  of  Pennsyl- 
vania scanned  the  entire  human  genome  in 
a  comprehensive  search  for  genes  that  could 
determine  treatment  outcome.  They  identi- 
fied several  genetic  variations  that  seem  to 
indicate  the  likelihood  of  success  or  failure 
of  nicotine  replacement  therapy  (NRT) 
and  bupropion  (Zyban). 

Both  NRT  and  Zyban  have  proven  effec- 
tive at  helping  people  abstain  from  smok- 
ing, but  use  different  phannacological  mech- 
anisms to  achieve  that  abstinence. 

The  results  of  the  study,  which  was  sup- 
ported by  the  National  Institutes  of  Health, 
Philip  Morris  USA  Inc.,  and  GlaxoSmith- 
Kline,  appear  in  the  Archives  of  General  Psy- 
chiatry. 

The  latest  results  supported  the  findings 
of  an  earlier  study,  in  which  the  researchers 
performed  a  genome-wide  scan  of  more 
than  520,000  genetic  markers  taken  from 
blood  samples  of  smokers  entered  in  a  quit- 
smoking  trial.  They  compared  the  genes  of 
those  who  had  successfully  quit  to  those 
who  had  failed,  and  found  clusters  of  posi- 
tive results  in  gene  variants  present  more 
frequently  in  the  successful  quitters. 

The  researchers  stress  that  the  presence 
of  these  genetic  variants  alone  may  not  be 
enough  to  predict  the  success  or  failure  of  a 
particular  treatment,  and  that  more  research 
is  necessary  to  determine  the  exact  effect  of 
each  variant.  But  at  the  same  time,  they  say 
genetic  differences  may  help  to  explain  why 
some  people  have  an  easier  time  quitting 
smoking  than  others. 

"This  takes  us  a  big  step  forward  in  being 
able  to  tailor  treatment  to  individual  smok- 
ers to  provide  the  therapies  that  are  most 
likely  to  benefit  them,"  says  Jed  Rose,  direc- 


tor of  Duke's  Center  for  Nicotine  and  Smok- 
ing Cessation  Research  and  one  of  the  study's 
authors.  "In  a  few  years,  a  simple  blood  test 
may  provide  physicians  with  enough  infor- 
mation to  recommend  one  treatment  over 
another." 


In  Brief 

<:  Robert  L.  Clark,  a  longtime  member 
of  the  Pratt  School  of  Engineering  faculty, 
has  been  named  dean  of  the  School  of  En- 
gineering and  Applied  Sciences  at  the  Uni- 
versity of  Rochester.  Clark,  a  specialist  in 
acoustics  and  bionanomanufacturing,  was 
Thomas  Lord  Professor  of  mechanical  engi- 
neering and  served  as  interim  dean  while 
the  university  conducted  the  search  for  a 
replacement  for  Kristina  Johnson,  now  pro- 
vost at  the  Johns  Hopkins  University. 

<  Erich  Jarvis,  an  associate  professor  of 
neurobiology  at  Duke  Medical  Center,  has 
been  named  a  Howard  Hughes  Medical  In- 
stitute investigator.  He  was  selected  as  an 
innovator  in  neuroscience,  specifically  for 
his  comparative  studies  using  songbirds,  other 
bird  and  mammal  species,  and  humans  to 
get  at  the  mystery  of  how  language  is  learned. 


<;  Jay  Lapidus,  who  compiled  a  record  of 
372-126  in  eighteen  years  as  head  coach  of 
the  men's  tennis  team,  has  been  promoted 
to  the  position  of  director  of  tennis,  respon- 
sible for  the  day-to-day  operations  of  both 
the  men's  and  women's  tennis  teams.  Ram- 


sey Smith  '01,  a  two-time  all- America  who 
has  served  on  the  coaching  staff  for  the  past 
three  years,  takes  over  as  head  coach. 

■*  H.  Kim  Lyerly,  director  of  the  Duke 
Comprehensive  Cancer  Center,  has  been 
appointed  by  President  George  W.  Bush  to 
the  National  Cancer  Advisory  Board.  Lyerly, 
who  is  also  George  Barth  Geller  Professor  of 
cancer  research,  is  an  internationally  recog- 
nized expert  in  cancer  therapy  and  cancer 
immunotherapy. 

<i  Mohamed  Noor,  associate  professor  of 
biology,  is  one  of  thirteen  researchers  who 
will  receive  a  Darwin- Wallace  Medal  on  Feb- 
ruary 12,  the  200th  anniversary  of  Charles 
Darwin's  birth.  The  medal  was  last  awarded 
fifty  years  ago.  Noor  uses  fruit  flies  to  study 
how  species  form. 

<:  Phail  Wynn  Jr.,  Duke's  vice  president 
for  Durham  and  regional  affairs,  has  been 
elected  chair  of  the  board  of  directors  of  the 
Triangle  Community  Foundation,  which 
connects  philanthropic  resources  with  com- 
munity needs,  creates  opportunity  for  en- 
lightened change,  and  encourages  philan- 
thropy as  a  way  of  life. 

<■  The  Home  Depot  Smart  Home,  a  ten- 
person  student  residence  hall  designed  for 
green  living  and  learning,  has  achieved  a 
top-level  platinum  certification  for  its  de- 
sign from  the  U.S.  Green  Building  Coun- 
cil's LEED  rating  system.  LEED  stands  for 
Leadership  in  Energy  and  Environmental 
Design.  The  building  becomes  the  first  at 
Duke  and  the  second  in  the  state  to  achieve 
platinum  certification. 

<:  The  University  Writing  Program  will 
be  renamed  in  honor  of  outgoing  Trinity 
College  dean  Robert  J.  Thompson  Jr.  Thomp- 
son stepped  down  in  June  to  return  to 
teaching  aftet  nine  years  as  dean.  In  a  reso- 
lution approving  the  naming,  the  board  of 
trustees  recognized  Thompson's  role  in  se- 
curing a  grant  from  the  Mellon  Foundation 
that  led  to  the  program's  establishment  in 
2000.  All  Duke  undergraduates  take  Writing 
20,  a  first-year  course  in  academic  writing 
taught  by  postdoctoral  Mellon  Writing 
Fellows. 


24 


iukemagazine.  duke.edu 


Sports 


Athletic  Endeavors 

and  Life  Lessons  in  Vietnam 

Text  and  photos  by  PETER  LEMIEUX 

Coach  for  College,  a  new  program 
created  by  an  enterprising  young 
alumna,  aims  to  teach  youngsters  in 
the  developing  world  about  team- 
work, sacrifice,  hard  work,  creativity, 
determination,  and  the  value  of 
higher  education. 


It  is  another  typically  steamy  July  morn- 
ing in  Vietnam's  Mekong  Delta.  Water 
levels  are  low.  Temperatures  are  high. 
The  local  youngsters  from  the  village  of 
Hoa  An  roll  off  their  thin  straw  mats  and 
ready  themselves  for  another  day  of  summer 
break.  In  Delta-speak,  this  usually  means 
sliding  into  flip-flops,  grabbing  a  bicycle, 
and  getting  an  early  start  in  the  family  rice 
paddies. 

But  this  morning,  the  bike  racks  at  Hoa 
An  Secondary  School,  nonnally  empty  this 
time  of  year,  are  jam-packed.  The  large  ce- 
ment courtyard  buzzes  with  activity.  Bad- 
minton birdies  whir  left.  Tennis  balls  zip 
right.  Volleyballs  fly  skyward.  Ten  Ameri- 
can student-athletes,  five  each  from  Duke 


and  the  University  of  North  Carolina  at 
Chapel  Hill,  punctuate  the  din  of  excite- 
ment with  shouted  instructions.  "Follow 
through!"  "Watch  the  ball!"  "Open  your 
forearms!" 

As  folks  throughout  Southeast  Asia  like 
to  say,  "same  same,  but  different." 

For  months,  the  local  Vietnamese  youth 
have  been  anticipating  this  day.  No — not 
the  day  when  longtime  geopolitical  (Ameri- 
cans and  Vietnamese)  and  intercollegiate 
(Blue  Devils  and  Tar  Heels)  rivals  reach 
detente  and  start  working  together.  That 
historical  stuff  has  zero  relevance  to  these 
youngsters.  No,  today  is  day  one  of  the  Coach 
for  College  sports  summer  camp.  And  that 
is  something  very,  very  different.  "Mom  and 


Courtyard  convergence:  Students  break  into  groups  at  Hoa  An  Secondary  School. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     September-October  2008 


C*^Wo 


Let's  get  physical: 

After  warm-up  stretches, 

participants  practice 

new  volleyball  skills. 


dad  aren't  dropping  their  kids  off  in  the 
minivan  and  saying,  'Hey,  give  it  your  best 
shot,'  "  says  Casey  Hales  '08,  who  was  a 
four-year  starter  for  the  Duke  football  team. 

Coach  for  College  is  an  initiative  spear- 
headed by  Parker  Coyer  '07,  a  former  mem- 
ber of  the  Duke  women's  tennis  team,  that 
aims  to  teach  youngsters  in  the  developing 
world  important  life  lessons — teamwork, 
sacrifice,  hard  work,  creativity,  determina- 
tion, and  the  value  of  higher  education — 
through  success  in  sports.  At  the  same  time, 
it  benefits  student-athletes,  says  Coyer,  "who, 
because  of  their  obligations  to  their  sports, 
miss  out  on  study  abroad  or  civic-engage- 
ment programs." 

The  pilot  program,  held  this  summer  in 
Vietnam,  consisted  of  two  three-week  ses- 
sions. Participating  Duke  student-athletes 
represented  a  variety  of  sports  including 


football,  lacrosse,  soccer,  tennis,  and  track 
and  field. 

From  UNC  came  golfers,  gymnasts,  row- 
ers, runners,  wrestlers,  and  tennis  and  vol- 
leyball players.  Physical-education  majors 
from  nearby  Can  Tho  University  served  as 
the  Americans'  go-betweens  with  the  200 
Vietnamese  middle-school-age  campers, 
who  received  training  in  badminton,  bas- 
ketball, soccer,  tennis,  and  volleyball,  as  well 
as  a  range  of  academic  subjects. 

Goyer,  a  Robertson  Scholar,  came  up 
with  the  idea  of  Coach  for  College  follow- 
ing trips  to  Belize  and  Vietnam  in  the  sum- 
mer of  2007,  where  she  saw  a  lack  of  sports 
role  models  and  education  infrastructure. 
The  Robertson  Scholars  program,  which 
each  year  provides  full  tuition  and  other 
benefits,  including  summer  opportunities, 
for  about  thirty-six  students  from  Duke  and 


UNC,  not  only  recognizes  merit  but  also 
aims  to  promote  a  sense  of  community  be- 
tween traditional  campus  rivals  and  instill  a 
spirit  of  community  service. 

Over  the  past  year,  Goyer  nurtured  Coach 
for  College  to  maturity.  And  in  the  process, 
she  tested  those  same  life  skills  within  her- 
self that  she  hopes  her  program  will  instill 
in  the  world's  youth. 

Goyer  brought  her  idea  to  Duke  adminis- 
trators and  received  strong  encouragement 
— and  monetary  support — from  Provost 
Peter  Lange.  At  Duke,  she  raised  a  total  of 
$130,000  from  the  provost's  office,  the  of- 
fice of  the  dean  of  undergraduate  education, 
and  the  athletics  department.  Various  of- 
fices at  UNC  contributed  another  $68,000, 
and  the  NCAA,  $10,000  more.  Nike  kicked 
in  100  pairs  of  sneakers. 

"One  of  the  things  you  learn  through 
sports  is  perseverance,"  Goyer  says.  "I  be- 
lieved in  the  power  of  the  idea  to  have 
Duke  and  UNC  student-athletes  pilot  this 
program." 

For  Goyer,  the  challenges  keep  coming. 
Harvard  University's  postgraduate  educa- 
tion program  beckons  this  fall.  With  a  just- 
approved  international  sports  programming 
grant  from  the  U.S.  State  Department, 
Goyer  will  try  to  expand  Coach  for  College 
to  other  intercollegiate  rivals,  such  as  Texas 
and  Oklahoma. 

Back  at  the  camp,  Coach  for  College  has 
found  its  rhythm.  Enrollment  is  full.  The 
sports  equipment  has  fresh  scuff  marks.  The 
Vietnamese  children  have  learned  some 
new  moves,  and  the  Duke  and  UNC  ath- 
letes have  learned  a  new  life  lesson.  "Here 
we  are  trying  to  teach  them  how  to  work 
through  struggles,  and  they're  the  ones 
playing  soccer  in  their  bare  feet,  wearing 
the  same  clothes  every  day  and  smiling 
about  it,"  observes  Ned  Crotty  '09,  a  Duke 
lacrosse  midfielder. 

For  the  athletes  as  well  as  their  young  stu- 
dents, the  camp  holds  out  the  promise  of  an 
experience  that  is,  as  the  Vietnamese  say, 
"same  same,  but  different." 

Lemieux  '93  is  a  freelance  photojoumalist 
based  in  San  Francisco. 


www. dukemaga:  ine.duke.edu 


Channeling  the  extraordinary 
chemistry  between  all  four  original 
members  and  the  explosive  energy 
from  the  band's  live  performances, 
the  quartet  creates  large  sound- 
scapes  with  soulfujjyrics. 


'Keaton  Simons  writes  compelling 
songs,  sings  with  a  distinctive,  soulful 
voice  and  plays  guitar  with  skill  and  fe- 
rocity. He  sounds  like  a  polished  pro, 
not  a  raw  newcomer,  with  enough 
sound  and  charisma  to  fill  an  arena-* 
CLA  Times) 


The  Ting  Tings 


For  the  sheer  fun  of  it,  Katie  and 
Jules  write  songs  together  referring 
to  the  sound  of  innovation  and  an 
open  mind,  like  the  'ting'  you  hear 
when  you  get  an  idea. 


Justin  Nozuka 


This  young  but  seasoned  performer  has 
developed  a  love  for  writing,  calling  it 
her*  favorite  part  of  the  whole  thing*. 
Amie  presents  her  passion  for  express- 
ing herself  through  the  strength  of  her 
!      seasoned-sounding  debut. 

This  music  and  more  available  now  at  www.amazon.com/indiespotlightl 


Albert  Hammond,  Jr.  returns  with  a 
new  album,  /Como  Te  Llama?-  With 
stellar  reviews  C3  stars  in  Rolling 
Stone),  /Como  Te  Llama?  is  perhaps 
the  boldest,  most  eclectic  and  ambi- 
tious record  of  Albert's  career. 


Blending  elements  of  neo-soul,  folk, 
old-times  blues  and  pop,  Justin  has  the 
guts  of  Ray  LaMontagne  and  the  soul 
of  Lauryn  Hill. 


Amie  MirieUo 

Came  Around  cComo  Te  Llama? 

.  TAXES  APPLY  IN  SOME  STATES.  AJIAZ0N.COM  AND  THE  AMAZ0N.COM  LOGO  .WE  TRADEMARKS  OF  .UIAZ0N.COM  INC  OR  ITS  AFFILIATES. 


Campus  Observer 


5,6,7,8... 

Young  dancers  perfecting  their 
pirouettes  and  accomplished 
professionals  working  on 
world  premieres  descend  on 
campus  to  learn  and  teach  during 
the  American  Dance  Festival's 
annual  summer  school. 


.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


A  young  man  in  sweats  and  a  white  T- 
shirt  stands  perfectly  still,  staring  in- 
tently at  the  piece  of  paper  he  holds 
in  his  hand.  He  takes  a  deep  breath, 
and  lets  his  arm  fall.  The  paper  flutters  to 
the  floor. 

A  moment  passes.  He  ducks  his  head, 
sweeping  it  smoothly  in  a  half  circle,  counter- 
clockwise, then  kicks  a  leg  into  the  air  and 
sweeps  it  in  the  opposite  direction.  He  drops 
into  a  partial  crouch,  shimmies  to  the  right, 
and  paddles  his  hand  fluidly  through  the  air. 

Nearby,  a  red-haired  woman  wearing  blue 
leg-warmers  positions  herself  face-up,  on 
hands  and  feet,  as  it  ready  to  begin  a  crab- 
walk. 

She  slowly  raises  her  left  leg,  then  her  left 
arm,  stretching  them  slowly  to  the  right.  Just 
before  gravity  makes  her  fall,  she  flips  her- 
self over  and  touches  down  on  the  other 
side.  A  slow-motion  break  dance. 

Like  the  young  man  in  sweats,  she  takes 
long  pauses  between  moves  to  pore  over  a 
sheet  of  paper  covered  with  a  diagram  of  some 
sort.  As  if  any  two-dimensional  sketch  could 
adequately  describe  their  strange  motions. 

In  the  world  of  dance  as  envisioned  by 
legendary  choreographer  William  Forsythe, 
it  does  just  that.  These  dancers,  students  in 
the  six-week  school  convened  on  Duke's  cam- 
pus every  summer  by  the  American  Dance 
Festival,  have  gathered  with  about  a  dozen 
others  at  the  Ark  on  East  Campus  to  work 
on  one  of  the  dances  from  Forsythe's  Hy- 
pothetical Stream.  The  piece,  which  Forsythe 
created  in  1996  for  Daniel  Larrieu  and  his 
company,  is  based  on  a  series  of  sketches  by 
the  eighteenth-century  Venetian  painter 
Giovanni  Battista  Tiepolo,  known  for  paint- 
ings filled  with  dazzling  spatial  illusions. 

On  a  copy  of  each  sketch,  Forsythe  num- 
bered Tiepolo's  figures,  so  that  each  came  to 
represent  a  dancer.  Forsythe  drew  arrows  from 
the  figures'  heads,  hands,  and  legs  as  a  way 
to  signal  the  arc  of  a  movement,  leaving  its 
exact  form,  duration,  direction,  and  order 
open  to  interpretation  by  individual  dancers 
who  would  "solve"  the  puzzle  he  created. 

As  the  students  go  about  crafting  dances 
based  on  the  arrows  emanating  from  a  sin- 
gle amorino,  or  cupid,  in  a  single  sketch, 


"This  is  a  great  mainline  into  the 
American  modern  dance.  I  feel 
like  I've  got  water  in  the  desert. 
I'm  soaking  it  right  up." 

instructor  Richard  Siegal  watches  from  one 
side  of  the  room.  He  is  seated  against  the 
wall  with  his  knees  pulled  up,  his  arms  raised 
and  hands  gripping  the  barre  mounted 
above  his  head.  Every  minute  or  so,  he  un- 
consciously flexes  and  unflexes  his  calves. 

Siegal,  who  danced  in  Forsythe's  Ballett 
Frankfurt  from  1997  until  it  disbanded  in 
2004,  is  trying  to  teach  his  students  some- 
thing of  Forsythe's  method  of  improvisa- 
tion, a  system  that  has  been  highly  influen- 
tial in  modern  dance. 

"It  isn't  a  canon  of  steps  that  a  dancer  has 
to  learn  and  master,"  Siegal  says.  "It's  more 
like  grammar,  but  without  the  vocabulary. 
You  are  free  to  insert  your  own  language." 
Most  of  the  students,  he  says,  are  familiar 
with  Forsythe,  who  now  directs  the  Frank- 
furt-based Forsythe  Company,  but  few  have 
studied  his  methods  in  depth. 

The  festival's  school,  part  of  ADF  since 
its  founding  seventy-five  years  ago,  is  all 
about  understanding  dance.  The  school 
attracts  some  500  students  each  year  to  its 
three  programs:  weeklong  workshops  for 
professional  dancers,  a  six-week  school  for 
students  sixteen  and  up  (most  are  college 
students),  and  a  four-week  school  for  stu- 
dents ages  twelve  to  fifteen.  Most  students 
in  the  six-week  and  four-week  schools  live 
in  East  Campus  dorms. 

Students  in  the  six-week  school  have  a 
full  slate  of  courses  in  composition,  dance 
technique,  and  improvisation  that  meet  for 
two  hours  each  on  Mondays,  Tuesdays,  Thurs- 
days, and  Fridays.  They  study  various  mod- 
ern styles,  as  well  as  ballet  and  contempo- 
rary African  dance.  On  Wednesdays,  Friday 
evenings,  Saturdays,  and  Sundays,  they  are 
free  to  pursue  a  variety  of  elective  classes, 
like  the  Forsythe  Project.  Other  options  in- 
clude several  forms  of  yoga,  as  well  as  a  class 
in  which  students  study  the  archive  of  cho- 
reographer and  anthropologist  Pearl  Primas 
and  use  the  material  she  created  to  inspire 
new  works. 


On  a  sultry  summer  afternoon  in  mid- 
session,  all  of  East  Campus  is  bus- 
tling with  ADF  people.  The  Ark  is 
a  prime  practice  and  performance 
venue,  but  classes  are  also  held  daily  in  Bald- 
win Auditorium,  Brodie  recreation  center, 
and  various  other  buildings. 

Just  across  the  parking  lot  from  the  Ark, 
Wilson  dorm,  with  its  unusual  layout  of 
suites,  provides  a  temporary  headquarters 
for  the  festival's  offices.  During  the  summer, 
ADF's  New  York  City  office  largely  shuts 
down;  its  staff  members  make  the  trek  to 
Durham  and  settle  here. 

In  the  lobby  of  Wilson,  colorful  fliers  ad- 
vertising an  upcoming  series  of  performanc- 
es by  Japanese  dance  companies  are  taped 
to  pillars  and  walls.  A  bulletin  board  fea- 
tures news  clippings  about  the  festival  that 
boast  of  world  premieres  (dateline:  Durham) 
from  The  New  York  Times,  as  well  as  the  lo- 
cal HeraldSun  and  News  &  Observer.  This 
week's  schedule  of  classes  and  events,  which 
include  "improv  jams,"  a  showing  from  the 
"rock  band  dance  class,"  and  perfomaances  of 
works  by  pioneers  like  Laura  Dean,  Mark 
Dendy,  Erick  Hawkins,  and  Hanya  Holm,  is 
posted  on  one  wall. 

Outside,  ADF  dancers,  students,  and  ad- 
ministrators crisscross  the  East  Campus  quad, 
heading  to  class  or  the  bus  stop,  or  perhaps 
making  a  run  to  the  Whole  Foods  on  Broad 
Street.  There  is  a  sense  of  camaraderie  among 
ADF  participants  that  often  tends  to  erase 
the  boundaries  between  students,  instruc- 
tors, and  performers.  The  students  attend  the 
professional  companies'  shows  most  nights, 
as  well  as  master  classes  and  lecture  series, 
but  there  are  also  opportunities  for  less  for- 
mal interaction.  Many  students  have  been 
here  before;  they  recognize  old  instructors  in 
passing  between  classes  and  stop  to  say  hi. 

Siegal  is  here  teaching  for  the  fourth  year 
in  a  row.  "I've  been  going  to  see  perform- 
ances, watching  other  people's  classes,"  he 
says.  "As  an  expat — I've  been  living  abroad 
for  twelve  years — this  is  a  great  mainline 
into  the  American  modern  dance. 

"I  feel  like  I've  got  water  in  the  desert," 
he  says.  "I'm  soaking  it  right  up." 

The  following  week,  the  Forsythe  Project 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     September-Oct. 


29 


Q&A 


students  gather  for  a  Friday  night  viewing 
of  a  DVD  of  Hypothetical  Stream  per- 
formed by  Ballett  Frankfurt.  In  the  au- 
dience is  Tyler  Eash,  a  student  who  is 
studying  dance  and  architecture  at  the 
University  of  California  at  Davis  and  is  a 
big  fan  of  Forsythe.  There's  something 
about  the  geometry  of  the  dances  that  he 
finds  intellectually  stimulating,  he  says 
later.  "As  far  as  innovation  goes,  he's  def- 
initely number  one." 

During  the  viewing,  Forsythe's  wife, 
dancer  Dana  Caspersen,  stops  by  to  chat 
about  her  husband's  work  and  her  own 
involvement  with  the  company.  She  is 
enrolled  in  ADF's  master  of  fine  arts  pro- 
gram and  invites  the  students  to  attend 
two  video  presentations  she's  making  the 
following  week  that  highlight  Forsythe's 
work  as  well  as  her  own. 

Caspersen  sits  to  watch  part  of  Hypo- 
thetical Stream.  The  dancers,  in  pastel  col- 
ors, move  about  a  dimly  lit  stage.  The 
music  consists  of  discordant  noises  from 
synthesized  instruments — organs,  horns — 
like  the  soundtrack  of  a  suspenseful  movie. 
Some  steps  are  precise,  taken  on  pointed 
toe,  but  many  of  the  movements  are  loos- 
er, choppier  than  those  of  ballet.  A  dancer's 
arms  pull  him  in  one  direction,  while  his 
legs  twist  in  the  opposite.  His  arms  stop 
moving,  but  his  legs  continue. 

"Look  at  how  their  heads  are  connect- 
ed to  their  bodies,"  Caspersen  tells  the 
students.  "Look  at  the  curve  as  it  comes 
out  of  their  pelvises." 

The  students  watch  with  rapt  atten- 
tion, not  saying  much,  perhaps  envision- 
ing how  they  might  integrate  some  of 
what  they  are  seeing  into  their  own  per- 
formances. Eash,  who  is  hard  at  work  on 
the  choreography  for  an  original  piece, 
acknowledges  he  is  heavily  influenced  by 
Forsythe's  methods.  "He  gives  you  sys- 
tems you  can  apply,"  Eash  says,  "without 
feeling  like  you  are  stealing  from  him." 

— Jacob  Dagger 

Watch  slideshow  of  ADF  students  trying  new  moves: 
www.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


Inseparable  from  Obama 

After  graduating  from  Duke,  varsity  basketball 
and  football  player  Reggie  Love  spent  the  sum- 
mer trying  to  make  it  with  a  team  in  the  National 
Football  League.  But  when  he  was  cut  from  the 
Dallas  Cowboys  before  the  season  started,  he 
changed  directions,  heading  instead  to  Washing- 
ton, where  he  caught  on,  in  2006,  as  an  aide  to 
Senator  Barack  Obama  of  Illinois.  The  following 
February,  when  Obama  announced  his  intention 
to  run  for  president,  Love  '05  found  himself  in  a 
new  role,  that  of  the  candidate's  body  man.  As 
Obama's  closest  personal  aide,  Love  has  since 
stayed  by  his  side  at  all  times.  He  travels  with  the 
senator,  manages  his  schedule,  makes  sure  he 
has  his  meals  on  time  and  the  right  clothes  for 
any  occasion,  and  generally  anticipates  any 
other  need  that  might  come  up.  The  two  even 
work  out  together-they've  frequently  been 
spotted  playing  pickup  basketball.  After  getting 
a  much-needed  vacation  over  the  July  4  week- 
end, Love  took  a  few  minutes  during  an  airport 
layover  to  talk  to  Duke  Magazine. 

How  common  is  it  for  you  to  get  a  long  weekend 

Off?  That  was  the  first  of  its  kind.  I  even 
got  to  play  some  golf. 

Who  fills  in  for  you  when  you're  gone?  Marvin 

Nicholson  helps  out.  He  was  [Sen.  John] 
Kerry's  body  guy.  Now  he's  the  trip  direc- 
tor for  the  campaign. 

HOW  did  yOU  get  this  job?  You  know,  I  have  no 
idea.  I  sort  of  fell  into  it.  When  I  started 
working  [for  Obama],  he  was  just  a  sena- 
tor. The  whole  idea  of  being  involved  in  a 
presidential  campaign  wasn't  even  a  fleet- 
ing thought.  When  the  campaign  started, 
Pete  Rouse,  the  chief  of  staff,  and  the  head 
of  scheduling  and  advance  both  said,  "Go 
on  the  road.  You'll  have  fun."  So  I  went. 
Here  I  am. 


How  much  did  you  know  about  Senator  Obama 
before  applying  for  the  job  in  his  office?  I'd  read 

his  book.  I  thought  that  he  was  a  fresh  face. 
The  only  African- American  senator  in  the 
United  States.  A  guy  I  admired  and 
respected  a  lot. 

When  you  talk  to  him  now,  what  do  you  call  him? 

Either  sir,  Senator,  or  Barack.  It  depends  on 
where  we're  at. 

Was  it  hard  to  start  calling  him  by  his  first  name? 

No.  He  actually  prefers  it. 

Can  you  briefly  describe  an  average  day  on 

the  campaign?  Not  briefly.  The  average  day 
is,  like,  sixteen  hours  long. 

How  about  a  recent  day?  We  get  up,  go  get  a 

workout  in.  Have  breakfast,  shower,  then 
go  off  and  do  an  event.  On  the  way  to  an 
event,  I  try  to  make  phone  calls,  return 
calls,  sit  in  on  conference  calls. 

We  show  up  on  a  site.  Some  last-minute 
prep  needs  to  get  done.  Marvin  and  I 
make  sure  the  site  is  ready  to  go,  that  the 
teleprompter  is  set,  the  stage  is  ready. 
Obama  will  speak  for  twenty  minutes  to 
a  half  hour.  While  he's  doing  that,  I 
make  sure  he's  got  lunch  or  dinner,  de- 


. duke  magazine,  duke.edu 


pending  on  the  time  of  day,  when  he's  done. 

I  make  sure  that  everyone  is  aware  of  the 
items  that  are  on  the  schedule  at  each  event. 
I  make  sure  everyone  knows  whether  we're 
on  time,  early,  or  late.  While  he's  still  speak- 
ing, I'll  take  five  minutes  to  return  any  phone 
calls  I've  gotten,  to  check  e-mail. 

After  the  candidate  speaks,  usually  he'll 
do  thirty  minutes  to  an  hour  of  interviews. 
We'll  go  from  there  to  the  airport,  fly  to 
another  city,  and  do  something  similar. 

That  sounds  like  a  long  day.  Physically,  it's  not 

that  had.  I  can  think  of  a  lot  of  things  that 
are  a  lot  more  demanding  physically.  Men- 
tally, it  can  be  pretty  taxing.  There's  always 
something  to  do,  whether  it's  a  phone  call,  a 
conference  call,  trying  to  track  down  some- 
body's picture,  responding  to  e-mails.  Getting 
ready  for  the  next  day,  getting  briefings 
ready.  There  are  not  a  lot  of  empty  mo- 
ments. There  is  not  a  lot  of  personal  time. 

But  it's  a  lot  easier  now  [as  the  general 
election  campaign  heats  up].  We've  got  a 
bigger  plane,  more  staff.  We're  all  a  little  bit 
more  seasoned  and  ready  for  it.  Seventeen 
months  of  this  is  pretty  good  preparation. 

What's  been  the  most  surprising  thing  about  the  job? 

A  lot  of  different  things  have  been  very 


pleasant.  One  of  the  first  things  we  partici- 
pated in  was  a  reenactment  of  the  historic 
voting-rights  march  across  the  bridge  in 
Selma,  Alabama.  Another  evening  we  had 
a  brief  meeting  with  Jay-Z  and  Beyonce.  I 
ran  into  Bill  Clinton  at  an  airport  before 
getting  on  the  plane.  There  are  weird 
things  you  never  expect. 

How  about  the  most  frustrating  thing?  We'll  save 

that  for  later. 

Okay,  the  most  difficult  thing?  I've  had  to  strug- 
gle in  terms  of  trying  to  get  together  rela- 
tionships outside  of  work,  girlfriends  or 
whatever.  That's  really  tough.  You  don't 
have  a  lot  of  time.  You  don't  have  a  lot  of 
time  to  spend  with  a  person,  or  to  talk  on 
the  phone.  But  I  don't  know  if  that's  the 
job  so  much.  It's  more  like  collateral  damage. 

One  of  the  more  unexpected  things  to 
come  of  this  job  has  been  the  amount  of 
attention  I've  gotten,  ever  since  the  New 
York  Times  article  came  out  [in  May]. 

I've  read  a  lot  of  the  articles  about  you.  How  long 
did  it  take  you  to  get  used  to  the  idea  that  people 
would  be  interested  in  you,  your  role,  and  your  story? 

I  don't  know  if  I'm  used  to  it  yet.  It's  still 
sort  of  weird. 


Left-hand  man:  Love  keeps  boss  Barack  Obama  on  task. 
I  saw  you  even  made  People  magazine's  list  of 

hottest  bachelors  this  year.  Another  weird  item. 
Congratulations!  I  appreciate  it. 

You  majored  in  political  science  and  public  policy 
studies  at  Duke.  Do  you  ever  have  the  opportunity 
to  debate  with  Senator  Obama  or  share  policy  ideas 

With  him?  We  do  discuss  policies  and  politics. 
I  don't  necessarily  think  of  it  in  terms  of  me 
giving  him  advice,  but  more  along  the  lines 
ot  talking  about  things  we  see  in  the  differ- 
ent cities  and  different  cultures  we  campaign 
through.  When  you're  on  a  campaign  of  this 
nature — he  had  a  formidable  opponent  in  a 
primary  that  lasted  sixteen  months,  during 
which  we  campaigned  in  forty-six  states — 
you  see  a  lot  and  there's  a  lot  to  discuss. 

So  do  you  don't  want  to  take  credit  for  any  of 
his  policy  ideas?  Nope. 

How  has  this  experience  changed  your  understand- 
ing Of  politics?  It's  much  different  in  practice 
than  it  is  on  paper.  I  had  no  idea  that  a 
campaign  could  be  so  time  consuming  and 
such  a  big  process. 

Are  you  interested  in  pursuing  a  career  in  politics 
after  the  campaign  is  over?  I  don't  think  that  I 

necessarily  decided  to  come  and  work  in 
D.C.  because  I  wanted  to  work  in  politics. 
It's  more  or  less  a  social  issue  for  me.  It's  my 
support  for  the  candidate. 

But  working  on  the  campaign  has  made 
me  more  interested  in  the  [daily  workings 
of  the  political  system].  You've  got  to  keep 
up  on  a  lot  of  the  ins  and  outs,  what's  going 
on  across  the  political  spectrum.  What  is 
making  news,  what  isn't  making  news.  I 
definitely  read  more  about  politics  than  I 
ever  did  in  college  or  before  I  started  work- 
ing for  the  senator. 

What's  something  that  most  people  don't  know 

abOUt  Obama?  Though  he's  left-handed, 
going  for  the  basket,  he  likes  to  drive  right. 
— Jacob  Dagger 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     September-October 


By  Jacob  Dagger 


Reference  librarians  in  the  age  of  Google 


At  a  symposium  hosted  last  year 
by  Columbia  University's  library 
system,  Steven  Bell,  a  librarian 
from  Temple  University,  took  a 
controversial  stand. 
In  a  public  debate  before  an  audience 
made  up  almost  entirely  of  reference  librar- 
ians, Bell  argued  for  the  abolition  of  the 
reference  desk  by  the  year  2012. 

His  position  wasn't  as  radical  as  it  might 
sound.  He  wasn't  advocating  that  his 
listeners  retire  or  find  new  jobs.  To  the 
contrary,  he  said  he  believes  that  their 
services  are  more  important  than  ever.  But 
with  the  Internet  changing  not  only  the 
ways  that  people — students,  scholars,  and 
even  librarians — conduct  research,  but 
also  how  they  communicate,  he  believes 
the  old  model  of  a  desk  staffed  by  highly 
trained  reference  librarians  is  well  on  its 
way  to  becoming  outdated,  perhaps  even 
extinct. 

In  its  place,  he  and  others  envision  a  world, 
not  so  far  off,  where  librarians  are  available 


24/7  to  apply  their  finely  honed  research 
skills  and  knowledge  of  information  sys- 
tems to  helping  patrons  search  the  vast  dig- 
ital stacks  of  the  Internet,  as  well  as  the 
brittle  pages  of  old  newspapers  and  musty 
shelves  stocked  with  incunabula. 

Bell's  salvo  at  Columbia  was  just  the  lat- 
est round  in  a  larger  debate  that  has  occu- 
pied the  reference  world  for  at  least  the  last 
decade.  With  the  explosion  of  the  Internet 
and  its  host  of  search  options  in  the  '90s, 
some  experts  predicted  that  librarians  would 
become  obsolete.  Bell  is  anything  but  a 
doomsayer,  but  in  his  talk  at  Columbia  and 
in  a  blog  on  the  Association  of  Colleges 
and  Research  Libraries'  site,  he  is  continu- 
ally pushing  his  colleagues  to  adapt. 

"Methods  and  modes  of  providing  refer- 
ence service  will  continue  to  change — and 
must,  if  we  are  to  stay  relevant  to  our  users," 
he  wrote  in  a  blog  entry  not  long  after  the 
symposium. 

That  the  world  of  library  reference  is 
quickly  morphing  has  long  been  clear.  And 


the  debate  about  librarians'  role  is  one  that 
resonates  among  the  field's  practitioners 
every  day.  It  is  discussed  at  conferences, 
written  about  in  library  journals,  and  batted 
about  by  an  active  community  of  bloggers. 
The  uncertainty  about  the  future  may  be 
unsettling  to  some,  but  the  potential  for 
technology  to  change  the  library  world  is 
also  clearly  invigorating  to  most  in  the 
field.  "Any  librarian  who  was  afraid  of 
technological  change  would  have  left  the 
profession  twenty  years  ago,"  says  Phoebe 
Acheson,  until  recently  a  senior  library 
assistant  on  the  Perkins  Library's  reference 
staff.  "It's  not  an  age  or  generational  thing. 
It's  a  mindset." 

The  mission  of  reference  librarians 

is  simple  to  state,  complex  to  fulfill:  Keep 
the  library's  reference  materials  well- 
stocked  and  organized,  and  help  patrons 
navigate  those  resources. 

In  some  cases,  librarians  are  asked  to  lo- 
cate elusive  answers  to  basic  factual  ques- 


.dukemagaiine.duke.edi 


Illustrations  By  Dave  Wheeler 


LiXrlLLa 


How  the  reference  process  works 

A  message  arrives  in  Duke  reference  librarian  Carson  Holloway's  e-mail  inbox  on  a  Monday 
evening.  It's  from  a  Z002  graduate  of  the  English  Ph.D.  program  who  wants  to  know  whether 
Holloway  75,  the  library's  specialist  in  military  and  world  history,  can  help  with  a  bit  of 
research. 

At  a  conference,  the  alumnus  heard  a  presenter  mention  that  on  his  famous  sixteenth-century  trip 
around  the  globe,  Sir  Francis  Drake  required  aristocrats  to  row  alongside  commoners.  He  wants  to  use 
this  anecdote  in  an  essay  that  he  is  working  on  but  can't  find  a  source  to  authenticate  it.  The  conference 
presenter  provided  little  guidance.  And  he's  been  perusing  historical  accounts  of  Drake's  voyages, 
selected  at  random,  with  no  luck. 

Holloway  quickly  consents  to  take  the  case.  His  first  move  is  to  conduct  a  Google  search  using  key 
terms  such  as  "Drake,"  "noblemen,"  "commoners,"  and  "speech."  He  assumes  that  the  alumnus  already 
tried  this,  but  there's  no  harm  in  double  checking,  and,  with  Google  yielding  so  many  results,  there  is 
always  a  chance  that  the  alumnus  overlooked  something  important. 

Holloway  turns  up  a  few  promising  leads,  including  a  partial  quote  from  a  book  called  Ships  of  the 
World:  An  Historical  Encyclopedia  (full  text  available  through  Duke  libraries  via  a  subscription  service) 
but  since  there  is  no  bibliographic  reference,  decides  to  keep  searching.  The  quote  does  yield  a  helpful 
hint:  It  uses  the  term  "gentleman,"  rather  than  "nobleman,"  and  "mariner,"  rather  than  "commoner." 

His  next  stop  is  Historical  Abstracts,  an  online  database  of  books,  journal  articles,  and  dissertations 
about  world  history  (excluding  the  U.S.  and  Canada)  from  1450  to  the  present-frequently  a  go-to 
source,  given  his  specialty.  "I  wanted  to  see  if  somebody  had  already  written  on  that  topic,"  he  explains. 
"If  so,  we  could  just  pull  that  online." 

As  it  turns  out,  nobody  has.  So  Holloway  moves  on.  He  searches  the  Duke  catalogue,  using  "Drake" 
both  as  author  and  keyword,  to  see  what  books  the  library  has  about  the  voyage  in  question.  Then  he 
goes  to  the  Encyclopaedia  Britannica's  website  to  peruse  the  article  on  Drake  and  to  ascertain  which 
books  are  mentioned  in  the  extensive  bibliography.  "I  wanted  to  see  what  an  expert  thought  of  as  the 
best  books  on  Drake,"  he  explains. 

He  comes  up  with  a  short  list  of  books  and  heads  out  to  the  stacks  to  take  a  look.  It's  not  long  before 
he's  flipping  through  the  index  of  Samuel  Bawlf's  The  Secret  Voyage  of  Sir  Francis  Drake.  Under 
"Mariners  on  Drake's  voyage,"  the  subheading  "relations  with  gentleman"  directs  him  to  pages  109-10. 

There,  he  finds  an  account  of  Drake's  attempt  to  "address  the  problem  of  low  morale  and,  in  particu- 
lar, the  ill  feeling  that  still  existed  between  the  mariners  and  the  gentlemen"  aboard  his  ship.  In  an 
address  to  the  crew  recorded  by  sailor  John  Cook,  he  declares,  "I  must  have  the  gentleman  to  haul  and 
draw  with  the  mariner,  and  the  mariner  with  the  gentleman.  What,  let  us  show  ourselves  all  to  be  of  a 
company,  and  let  us  not  give  occasion  to  the  enemy  to  rejoice  at  our  decay  and  overthrow."  The  end- 
notes attribute  Cook's  account  to  a  1926  limited-edition  compilation  of  historic  accounts,  The  World 
Encompassed  and  Analogous  Contemporary  Documents  Concerning  Sir  Francis  Drake's  Circumnavi- 
gation of  the  World. 

Just  after  10  o'clock  on  Tuesday  morning,  Holloway  e-mails  these  references  to  the  alumnus. 

— Jacob  Dagger 


tions,  but  more  often,  they  are  engaged  hy 
in-depth  queries  for  which  they  provide  a 
battery  of  support.  Through  a  process  known 
as  the  "reference  interview,"  they  pose 
questions  to  help  students  focus  research 
topics — narrowing  those  that  are  too  broad, 
and  broadening  those  that  are  too  narrow. 
They  help  steer  students  toward  the  most 
effective  way  of  using  the  library's  reference 
materials,  making  suggestions  about  books, 
databases,  and  other  resources.  And  they 


instruct  students  on  how  to  properly  cite 
reference  materials. 

In  the  days  before  computers,  almost  all 
reference  queries  were  made  in  person,  and 
a  search  of  the  library's  materials  required  a 
skilled  librarian  to  navigate  through  stacks 
of  hard-bound  indexes,  which  would  in 
turn  point  to  reference  books  and  journal 
articles  kept  in  library  files  or  on  microfilm. 

With  the  advent  of  computers,  printed 
indexes  gave  way  to  digitized  databases.  But 


for  most  patrons  in  the  1980s  and  early 
1990s,  librarians  still  served  as  essential 
guides  for  many  seeking  answers  to  ques- 
tions large  and  small. 

Now,  the  growth  of  the  Internet  has 
changed  the  way  that  information  is  stored 
and  organized  and,  perhaps  most  important 
in  this  context,  sought  in  our  culture.  With 
new  websites  popping  up  all  the  time, 
information  that  was  once  buried  in  books 
is  now  readily  available.  Not  only  that,  the 


Questions  posed  at  the  Perkins 
Library  reference  desk  generally  fall 
into  one  of  four  categories: 


Question  Type:  Directional 
What  they  are:  Just  what  they  sound  like 
Examples:  Where  is  the  bathroom?  Where  are  the  books  with  call 
numbers  starting  with  D?  Where  is  the  chapel? 
:  Knowledge  of  library  and  campus  layout 


Question  Type:  Ready-reference 

What  they  are:  Basic  statistical  or  factual  questions  usually  answered 
quickly  by  consulting  a  single  source  like  an  almanac,  encyclopedia, 
or  reputable  website. 

Examples:  What  is  the  population  of  Chile?  Where  was  Hillary  Clinton 
born?  How  do  I  cite  a  journal  article  correctly  using  Chicago  style? 
:  Quick  on  the  draw  with  print  and  online  reference  works 


Question  Type:  In-depth  research 
What  they  are:  Broad  questions  about  potential  research  topics. 
Librarians  work  with  students  to  focus  topic,  brainstorm  print  and  on- 
line resources  or  databases,  and  provide  backup  as  the  students  fol- 
low these  leads.  For  many  reference  librarians,  these  are  the  most  fun. 
Examples:  Where  can  I  find  information  about  immigration  laws  in 
Germany  and  the  Netherlands?  I'm  writing  a  paper  on  Christian 
Zionism.  Where  do  I  begin? 
Required:  Master's  degree  in  library  science 

Question  Type:  Equipment/Technology 

What  they  are:  Requests  for  assistance  with  library  computers, 

scanners,  etc. 

Examples:  How  do  you  use  the  scanner?  Can  you  un-jam  the  printer? 

Do  you  have  a  stapler? 

Required:  Patience 

— ID. 


existence  of  powerful  search  engines  like 
Google  makes  that  information  easier  than 
ever  to  find.  Before  the  Internet,  "librarians 
had  total  control  over  search  tools,"  says 
Jean  Ferguson,  head  of  the  Perkins  Library 
System's  reference  department.  "They 
decided  which  terms  to  apply  and  how  to 
apply  them." 

Google  simplified  things.  In  combination 
with  other  sites,  it  has  proven  especially 
adept  at  providing  answers  to  the  basic  fac- 


tual or  statistical  questions  commonly 
known  as  "ready-reference." 

"Say  the  question  is,  'Where  did  John 
Edwards  graduate  from  college?'  Now  any 
twelve-year-old  can  find  the  answer  on  the 
Internet,"  says  Acheson.  This  shift  was,  at 
least  at  first,  troubling  to  some,  who,  moni- 
toring the  Association  of  Research 
Libraries'  annual  statistics,  noted  that  the 
total  number  of  reference  queries  fielded  by 
reference  librarians  at  member  libraries  had 


Students  are 
increasingly  tech- 
savvy,  Brfll  says, 
"but  that's 
different  than  being 
skilled  at  doing 
library  research." 


dropped  sharply  since  the  early  1990s. 

Others  question  what  those  numbers 
actually  mean,  whether  a  dip  in  total  ques- 
tions is  necessarily  a  sign  of  trouble,  or 
whether  it  might  instead  be  seen  as  a  boon. 
If  reference  librarians  spend  less  time  skim- 
ming reference  books  for  biographical 
details  about  recent  presidential  candi- 
dates, in  theory  this  gives  them  more  time 
to  devote  to  guiding  students  through  in- 
depth  questions  and  developing  general  ref- 
erence materials. 

Of  course,  students  are  not  just  using 
Google  to  find  basic  facts.  "It  is  no  exagger- 
ation to  say  that  most  student  research 
projects  begin  with  a  Google  search," 
observed  W.  Lee  Hisle,  a  Connecticut 
College  librarian,  in  a  2005  article  in  The 
Chronicle  of  Higher  Education. 

That  trend  has  only  increased  in  recent 
years.  In  2004,  Google  expanded  its  empire 
with  Google  Books,  which  features  a  grow- 
ing menu  of  free  digital  books;  the  follow- 
ing year  it  introduced  Google  Scholar,  a 
searchable  archive  of  full-text  scholarly 
articles  that  is  similar  to,  if  less  comprehen- 
sive than,  many  of  the  private  databases 
that  research  libraries  subscribe  to  for  stu- 
dent use. 

With  the  rapid  advance  of  information 
technology,  it's  not  hard  to  see  why  some 
popular  accounts  have  cast  librarians  as 
Luddites  facing  a  dire  threat  posed  by  the 
Internet  and  all  of  its  glorious  resources. 
But  this  narrative  is,  at  best,  incomplete. 

While  there  are  surely  some  old-school 
librarians  out  there  tucked  in  a  corner  con- 
scientiously flipping  through  dusty  volumes 
of  the  Encyclopaedia  Britannica,  most  refer- 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     September-October  2008 


ence  librarians,  especially  those  at  major 
research  institutions  like  Duke,  are  far  from 
technophobes.  Many  of  their  own  databas- 
es migrated  online  long  ago.  These  librari- 
ans, human  search  engines,  really,  see  tech- 
nology as  a  tool,  rather  than  a  threat.  They 
are  early  adapters,  quick  to  experiment 
with  new  technologies — even  those  that 
others  in  academe  view  as  the  enemy — and 
integrate  them  into  the  job. 

Take  Wikipedia,  the  popular  online 
encyclopedia  made  up  entirely  of  user-gen- 
erated and  user-edited  content.  On  an 
afternoon  this  past  spring,  reference  librari- 
an Carson  Holloway  '75  sat  at  his  desk, 
prepping  for  a  research  consultation  with  a 
graduate  student  who  was  working  on  a 
paper  on  Christian  Zionism.  Wikipedia  was 
one  of  his  first  stops.  He  skimmed  the  entry 
for  Christian  Zionism  and  clicked  on  a  few 
links  at  the  bottom  of  the  page. 

Many  professors  and  librarians  were  wary 
of  Wikipedia  early  on — and,  in  fact,  many 
continue  to  question  its  dependability.  But 


bounty  of  stuff  that  is  not  online,"  Ferguson 
says.  "The  library  houses  manuscripts,  spe- 
cial collections,  federal  documents,  all 
kinds  of  stuff  that  you  won't  find  in  a 
Google  search. 

"The  percentage  of  stuff  that  is  online  is 
really  small,  but  since  there  is  so  much  cur- 
rent stuff,  it  skews  people's  perceptions." 

Many  argue  that  in  a  world  where  so 
much  information  is  published  online — 
some  reliable,  some  not  so  reliable — refer- 
ence librarians  are  even  more  important 
as  guides.  Margaret  Brill,  Ferguson's  prede- 
cessor as  head  of  reference,  says  that  she's 
noticed  that  students  in  recent  years  are 
actually  less  familiar  than  their  predeces- 


digital  version.  Where  students  once  had  to 
come  to  the  library  and  page  through  these 
volumes,  searching  alphabetically  for  mul- 
tiple terms,  the  online  service  allows  them 
to  access  the  information  from  the  comfort 
of  their  own  dorm  rooms.  What's  more,  she 
says,  entries  now  provide  quick  links  to 
citations  and  related  materials. 

The  ability  of  students  to  carry  out 
complex  research  projects  from  the  comfort 
of  dorms,  reading  rooms,  and  coffee  shops 
presents  new  challenges  to  the  librarians 
who  would  assist  them.  Those  at  Duke 
and  elsewhere  describe  periodic  encounters 
with  students  who  come  to  the  desk  frus- 
trated after  spending  hours  searching 


Librarians'  goal  is  to  use  technology 
to  make  things  easier.  There's  a 
simple  litmus  test:  Is  it  just  a  cool  tool? 
Or  is  it  a  cool  tool  that  actually  does 
something? 


while  Holloway  says  he  would  never  sug- 
gest that  a  student  use  the  website  as  an 
authoritative  source,  he  does  believe  that  it 
is  useful  as  a  means  for  getting  a  broad  over- 
view of  an  unknown  topic,  and  may  lead  a 
reader  to  other,  more  reputable  sources. 

He's  not  alone.  At  an  American  Library 
Association  conference  earlier  this  year, 
reference  department  head  Ferguson  and 
Aisha  Harvey,  another  Duke  reference 
librarian,  revealed  the  results  of  a  member- 
ship survey  they'd  conducted  in  October 
2007  on  the  topic  of  Wikipedia  use.  Ninety- 
four  percent  of  respondents  said  they  had 
used  Wikipedia  to  find  information  person- 
ally. Perhaps  more  telling,  74  percent  said 
they  had  used  the  website  as  a  resource  in  an- 
swering a  patron's  question,  and  90  percent 
said  that  librarians  "should"  use  Wikipedia. 

Of  course,  librarians  hope  that  sites 
like  Wikipedia  are  just  first  stops  for  the  stu- 
dents they  assist.  "As  you  progress  as  a 
researcher,  you  find  that  there  is  such  a 


sors  with  academic  resources  like  ProQuest 
or  LexisNexis,  not  to  mention  those  re- 
sources available  offline.  Students  are  in- 
creasingly tech-savvy,  she  says,  "but 
that's  different  than  being  skilled  at  doing 
library  research." 

The  library  subscribes  to  more  than  400 
databases,  many  of  which  have  the  poten- 
tial to  yield  more  specialized  and  more 
complete  results  than  those  available 
through  general  Web  searches.  Reference 
librarians  continue  to  play  an  important 
role  in  developing  the  library's  collection  of 
databases,  as  well  as  other  elements  of  its 
collections,  both  in  print  and  online. 

As  classic  reference  guides  have  gone 
online,  the  library  has  kept  up  pace,  says 
Brill,  who  still  serves  as  subject  librarian  for 
Britain,  Ireland,  Canada,  Australia,  and 
New  Zealand.  Strolling  through  the  refer- 
ence stacks,  she  stops  in  front  of  long  rows 
of  shelves  holding  sixty  volumes  of  the  2004 
Oxford  Dictionary  of  National  Biography. 
Perkins  now  subscribes  to  the  dictionary's 


fruitlessly  for  a  bit  of  information  that  is, 
to  a  trained  librarian,  easy  to  find. 

"We  need  to  be  more  aware  now  of  the 
point  at  which  the  user  stops  being  able  to 
figure  it  out  for  themselves"  and  be  there  to 
help  them  make  the  next  steps,  says  Jeffrey 
Pomerantz,  an  assistant  professor  in  the 
information  and  library-sciences  school  at 
the  University  of  North  Carolina  at  Chapel 
Hill  who  studies  the  integration  of  digital 
reference  services  into  libraries. 

To  that  end,  almost  all  university 
libraries  now  operate  "virtual  reference 
desks,"  where  reference  librarians  are  avail- 
able for  consultation  via  the  Web.  In  the 
late  1990s,  online  chat  and  messaging  pro- 
grams became  popular  among  students, 
who  used  them  to  stay  in  constant  touch 
with  friends  at  school  and  back  home.  By 
the  early  2000s,  librarians  had  begun  to 
take  notice.  Ferguson  recalls  walking 
through  the  undergraduate  library  at  UNC, 
where  she  was  assisting  librarians  while 
working  on  her  master's  degree  in  library 


36 


www.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


science.  Every  student  seemed  to  have  an 
AOL  Instant  Messenger  (IM)  window  up 
in  the  corner  of  the  screen. 

In  the  summer  of  2003,  UNC's  reference 
staff  began  taking  questions  via  IM,  and 
when  Ferguson  came  to  interview  for  a  job 
as  coordinator  of  virtual  reference  services 
at  Duke  the  following  year,  she  talked  at 
length  with  Tom  Wall,  associate  university 
librarian  for  public  services,  about  the  tech- 
nology. After  being  hired,  one  of  her  first 
projects  was  to  replace  a  chat  subscription 
service  that  Duke  had  begun  testing  in 
2002  with  IM.  The  service  has  taken  off. 
Librarians  fielded  500  questions  during  the 
2003-04  school  year  using  the  old  chat 
service;  this  past  year,  they  answered  more 
than  5,000  on  IM. 

Last  fall,  they  embedded  a  messaging 
window  in  their  website  so  that  users  no 
longer  have  to  log  in  to  IM  to  send  a  mes- 
sage. The  technology,  Wall  says,  is  "among 
our  fastest-growing  services."  The  instant 


service  makes  the  response  time  of  the  desk's 
e-mail  service,  which  guarantees  an  answer 
within  two  hours  when  librarians  are  on  the 
desk,  seem  glacial  by  comparison. 

Virtual  reference  is  just  one  piece  of  the 
reference  staff's  communications  strategy. 
A  few  years  ago,  the  reference  desk  adopted 
a  new  slogan,  "Save  Time,  Ask  a  Librarian," 
which  was  subsequently  shortened  to  "Save 
Time,  Ask  Us"  and  in  some  cases,  simply 
"Ask  Us  Now!"  While  on  the  desk  or  walk- 
ing the  floor,  librarians  wear  blue  and  yellow 
buttons  adorned  with  the  slogan.  It  also 
features  prominently  on  the  library's  web- 
site, where  it  serves  as  a  link  to  a  contact 
page  that  includes  the  desk's  phone  number 
and  e-mail  address,  and  an  open  IM  window. 

In  addition,  librarians  have  spent  time 
improving  subject-specific  guides  that  are 
available  on  the  library's  website.  In  the 
past,  Wall  says,  each  guide  "was  just  a  litany 
of  content.  Now  it's  more  of  a  portal."  The 
pages  integrate  content  with  useful  links,  as 
well  as  an  IM  window.  They  also  have 


directed  this  content  to  course-specific 
Blackboard  sites.  Wall  estimates  that  about 
25  percent  of  the  sites,  where  professors 
host  online  discussions  and  post  syllabuses, 
assignments,  and  readings,  now  also  have 
customized  reference  guides  for  students 
conducting  research. 

Not  all  forays  into  new  communications 
technology  have  been  unqualified  successes. 
The  reference  staff  has  struggled  to  find  a 


way  to  use  the  popular  social-networking 
website  Facebook.  The  Perkins  system  is  a 
registered  "group,"  and  many  librarians 
have  created  personal  pages.  But  besides  an 
"application"  that  allows  friends  to  search 
the  Duke  catalogue  straight  from  librarians' 
personal  pages,  which  most  acknowledge  is 
only  mildly  helpful,  if  at  all,  they  haven't 
really  found  a  way  to  make  it  useful.  "We 
have  to  be  part  of  the  community,  not 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     September-October  2008 


there  as  interlopers,"  Wall  says.  They 
haven't  figured  out  how  to  do  that — yet. 
They  are  also  working  on  integrating 
software  that  will  allow  librarians  to  answer 
students'  questions  via  cell-phone  text  mes- 
sage. "We  need  to  give  ourselves  time  to 
play  around  with  these  technologies," 
Ferguson  says.  "And  we  need  to  give  our- 
selves permission  to  fail." 

It's  the  widespread  success  of  virtual 
reference  initiatives,  not  the  minor  failures, 
that  make  critics  like  Steven  Bell,  the 
Temple  librarian,  question  the  future  of  the 
traditional  reference  desk. 

Some  schools,  like  the  University  of 
California  at  Merced,  have  done  away  with 
the  reference  desk  entirely.  Librarians  there 
answer  reference  queries  via  the  Web  or 
over  the  phone.  Other  universities  have 
made  moves  to  combine  reference  with 
other  public  services  like  circulation  or 
information  technology.  In  a  2007  article, 
"Technology  Killed  the  Reference  Desk 
Librarian,"  in  The  Reference  Librarian,  Bell 
describes  a  wireless  device  used  by  the 
Orlando  Public  Library  that  allows  librari- 
ans to  assign  "greeters"  and  "roamers"  to 
welcome  and  direct  patrons. 

At  those  libraries  that  maintain  a  tradi- 
tional structure,  he  writes,  "reference  desk 
librarians  now  frequently  observe  that  their 
work  is  not  at  all  what  it  used  to  be.  The 
steady  salvo  of  traditional  ready-reference 
questions  [has]  sputtered.  It's  far  more  likely 
that  reference  librarians  will  find  them- 
selves fixing  paper  printer  jams,  showing 
patrons  how  to  use  software,  and  answering 
some  in-depth  and  potentially  complex 
research  questions." 

He  and  others  have  pointed  out  that  it 
might  be  more  efficient  to  hire  clerical 
workers  or  student  interns  to  load  printer 
paper,  direct  patrons  to  the  restrooms,  and 
refer  patrons  with  in-depth  questions  to 
librarians  with  advanced  degrees.  But  Wall, 
who  hosts  monthly  lunches  for  students  to 
solicit  feedback  about  library  services, 
respectfully  disagrees.  "Students  like  one 
place  to  go  for  information,"  he  says.  "They 
don't  like  to  be  bounced  around." 


WHAT'S  OLD  IS  NEW 

Encyclopaedia  Britannica  made  news  in  June  when  it  was  announced  that  the 
240-year-old  reference  work  would  be  going  wiki-in  practice,  if  not  in  name. 
In  crafting  the  announcement  for  Britannica'^,  blog,  members  of  the  encyclope- 
dia's staff  were  apparently  careful  not  to  use  the  term  "wiki"— understandable, 
given  the  elder  reference  work's  rocky  relationship  with  the  most  famous  wiki,  Wikipedia. 
The  fresh,  free,  user-written  and  -edited  competitor  has  supplanted  the  mother  (or  dinosaur, 
depending  on  your  perspective)  of  all  encyclopedias  as  the  go-to  reference  source  in  many 
circles.  Britannica,  first  printed  in  1768,  is  the  oldest  English-language  encyclopedia. 

The  new  Britannica  portal  allows  users  to  add  to  and  modify  its  online  entries,  uploading 
text,  photos,  videos,  and  links.  The  announcement  was  careful  to  differentiate  Britannica's 
foray  into  Web  2.0  from  "other  projects  of  online  collaboration." 

It  stressed  the  involvement  of  the  encyclopedia's  existing  community  of  "expert  contribu- 
tors" as  well  as  the  fact  that  any  additions  or  changes  to  the  encyclopedia's  core  content  will 
be  vetted  by  editorial  staff 
before  they're  published.  It 
also  promised  that  users 
would  be  credited  by  name 
for  their  contributions. 


Despite  the  success  of  Duke's  virtual  ref- 
erence services,  he  says  he  does  not  see 
them  as  a  substitute  for  good,  on-the-desk 
help.  Rather,  he  argues,  the  two  strategies 
complement,  even  boost  each  other: 
Librarians  have  struggled  over  the  years  to 
appear  accessible,  and  "technology  has  cre- 
ated that  friendly  face."  On  IM,  Duke's  ref- 
erence staff  members  communicate  on  stu- 
dents' turf,  using  students'  terms,  eschewing, 
for  the  most  part,  capital  letters  and  punc- 
tuation and  focusing  on  getting  the  message 
across.  Many  report  that  the  students  they 
talk  to  via  IM  wind  up  at  the  desk  later. 

A  recent  survey  by  the  Institute  of 
Museum  and  Library  Services  suggests  that 
Wall's  reasoning  may  be  right  on  the  mark. 
Because  "an  explosion  of  available  informa- 
tion inspires  the  search  for  more  informa- 
tion," the  authors  found,  the  Internet  does 
not  compete  with  libraries  and,  in  fact,  may 
increase  library  visits. 

The  push  to  maintain  beefed-up  refer- 
ence services  in  the  physical  library  also 
may  make  sense  given  that  the  library  is,  by 
at  least  one  measure,  more  popular  than 
ever,  Wall  says.  In  his  seven  years  at  Duke, 
the  library's  annual  door  count  has  more 
than  tripled,  from  568,000  in  2001-02  to 
more  than  1.8  million  this  past  year. 


Wall  attributes  the  rise,  in  part,  to  the 
design  of  the  new  Bostock  Library  and  the 
staged  renovation  of  Perkins.  Both  projects 
are  part  of  a  national  trend  toward  creating 
libraries  in  what  is  known  in  library  circles 
as  the  "information  commons"  model,  fea- 
turing open  space,  comfortable  seating,  and 
the  latest  in  technology.  "We're  doing  a 
better  job  of  meeting  all  of  the  academic 
and  many  of  the  social  needs  of  the  univer- 
sity," Wall  says.  "You  know  the  old  saying 
about  the  library  being  the  heart  of  the  uni- 
versity? We've  become  that." 

He  contends  that  improved  services  have 
also  contributed  to  the  increase  in  use,  and 
says  that  he's  constantly  reevaluating  the 
library's  public  services  and  is  open  to  new 
ideas  about  how  best  to  reach  out  to  stu- 
dents. Five  years  ago,  he  hired  reference 
librarian  Stephanie  Ford  to  work  the  8  p.m. 
to  2  a.m.  shift  on  weeknights,  a  popular 
study  time  for  students,  but  a  time  when 
most  librarians  are  in  bed. 

This  move  appears  to  have  been  a  great 
success.  "At  night,  it's  like  a  nightclub  in 
here,"  says  Melissa  Solomon  Ph.D.  '05,  who 
often  spent  late  nights  in  the  library  while 
working  on  her  dissertation  on  late-nine- 
teenth- and  early-twentieth-century 
American  literature,  and  continues  to  fre- 


■.duke 


IM  technology  makes  the  respons< 
desk's  e-mail  service,  which  guara 
two  hours,  seem  glacial  by  compa 


quent  the  library  while  conducting  research 
assistance  for  professors  at  the  nearby 
National  Humanities  Center.  "There  is  not 
an  open  seat.  There  are  times  when 
Stephanie  is  literally  running  between  peo- 
ple. You  hear  them  calling  out  her  name." 

For  the  past  several  years,  subject  librari- 
ans have  hosted  office  hours  in  academic 
departments.  A  few  years  ago,  the  reference 
staff  tested  a  series  of  "Librarian  in  the  House" 
events  in  East  Campus  dorms.  (Interest  was 
weak,  so  the  series  was  abandoned.)  This 
past  spring,  Acheson,  the  former  library  as- 
sistant, designed  a  pilot  "roving  reference" 
program,  under  which  librarians  roamed 
Bostock  and  Perkins  armed  with  an  iPhone 
and  a  Sony  UMPC  handheld  wireless  device, 
bringing  their  services  directly  to  students. 

Though  librarians  loved  wielding  the 
spiffy  devices,  they  called  off  the  program 
after  finding  that  the  percentage  of  in- 
depth  questions  was  lower  than  at  the  desk, 
and  that  "most  questions  didn't  require  a 
computer,"  Acheson  says.  For  those  ques- 
tions that  did,  librarians  found  it  easier  to 
help  students  on  their  own  laptops,  rather 
than  connecting  via  a  handheld  device. 

The  goal  for  librarians,  especially  those 
in  the  reference  department,  Acheson  says, 
is  to  "use  technology  to  make  things  easier. 
There's  a  simple  litmus  test  we  perform:  Is 
it  just  a  cool  tool?  Or  is  it  a  cool  tool  that 
actually  does  something  for  me?" 

Reference  head  Ferguson  stresses  that  as 
virtual  services  continue  to  expand,  Duke 
must  also  make  efforts  to  expand  its  pres- 
ence online  and  create  new  ways  for 
patrons  to  access  the  university's  collec- 
tions. "We  need  to  be  partnering  with 
things  like  Google  Scholar.  We  need  to 
stop  thinking  oflib.duke.edu  as  the  only 
interface  between  users  and  us,"  she  says, 
referring  to  the  library's  homepage. 

To  some  extent  the  library  has  done  that. 
On  the  night  shift,  Ford  takes  questions 
over  IM  from  students  at  North  Carolina 
State  University  and  UNC  a  few  nights  a 
week;  her  colleagues  there  reciprocate  on 
other  nights.  Perkins,  along  with  Duke's 
professional  school  libraries,  are  members 
of  the  Online  Computer  Library  Center 


(OCLC),  a  nonprofit  service  and  research 
organization  with  more  than  69,000  mem- 
ber libraries  around  the  world.  In  recent 
years,  OCLC  has  collaborated  with  Google 
Scholar  and  Google  Books  so  that  users  can 
link  directly  from  Google  to  see  holdings  at 
nearby  libraries. 

Last  fall,  Acheson,  working  with  Paolo 
Mangiafico,  a  consultant  in  the  library's 
digital-projects  department,  developed  a 
downloadable  program  that  works  in  a  sim- 
ilar way.  When  a  book's  unique  ISBN  num- 
ber appears  anywhere  on  any  website,  the 
plug-in  recognizes  it  and  automatically  cues 
a  GetIt@Duke  link,  which  leads  directly  to 
the  Duke  catalogue. 

Acheson  says  that  many  of  the  most 
innovative  ideas  come  from  the  blogs  that 
have  become  required  reading  for  many  ref- 
erence librarians.  There  are  thousands  of 
blogs  that  focus  on  technology  and  libraries. 

Recently,  she  and  Mangiafico  began  to 
explore  the  potential  of  including  interac- 
tive, Web  2.0  applications  in  the  online 
card  catalogue.  Librarything.com,  a  website 
popular  among  book  lovers,  allows  users  to 
rate  books  and  put  identifying  "tags"  or 
keywords  on  them  that  make  them  easier 
to  find.  It  also  allows  users  to  see  books  that 
have  been  judged  similar  to  their  likes, 
based  on  user  feedback. 

UNC's  Pomerantz  acknowledges  that 
there  is  some  tension  as  libraries  are  pulled 
in  two  different  directions,  the  physical 
and  the  virtual.  On  the  one  hand,  he  says, 
public  and  university  libraries  are  increas- 
ingly playing  to  "hyper-local"  niches,  often 
serving  as  community  centers.  "At  the 
same  time,  there  is  a  lessening  of  impor- 
tance of  geography,"  as  libraries  reach  out 
via  the  Web  to  patrons  around  the  world. 

But  they  will  press  on.  Asked  to  consider 
the  future,  Duke's  Ferguson  pauses  to  think. 
"The  Holy  Grail,"  she  says,  "would  be  to 
have  an  online  presence  that  mirrors  our 
physical  presence."  ■ 

Pose  your  question  and  read  the  Library 

Answer  Person's  blog: 

www.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


September-October  2008 


39 


'  up:  Werber  as  a  Yankee  in  1933,  and  at  home,  opposite. 


S  Educcitfbrial^dveirtu 


for  Duke  Alumni  am 


^m 


« 


ut 


Costa  Rica  Eco  Explorer 
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February  27-28 

Come  back  to  campus  for  a 
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English,     T 

canities       *  4K 


lii 


Director  of 
Graduate  Studies, 
Classical  Studies, 
Professor  of 
Ancient  History 


Family-Friendly  Italy 
June  4-12 

Bring  your  children  and  grand- 
children on  this  trip.  Stand  in  the 
Roman  Forum,  view  the  Botticellis 
at  the  Uffizi  in  Florence,  and 
explore  St.  Mark's  Square  in 
Venice.  Tour  Rome  by  horse-drawn 
carriage,  sample  Florentine  gelato, 
and  take  a  gondola  ride  in  Venice. 
From  $3,895;  special  prices 
for  children 


June  13-22 

Take  advantage  of  an  exclusive 
tour  of  this  world-class 
contemporary  art  exhibition. 
With  Kimerly  Rorschach,  Nasher 
Museum  director,  explore  the 
best  of  Venice  with  private  tours 
and  events  arranged  just  for  you. 
From  $8,995 


Multi-Sport  Adventure 
in  Idaho 
June  28-July  5 

Our  family-friendly  adventure 
offers  a  variety  of  activities. 
Choose  from  such  activities  as 
Whitewater  rafting,  kayaking, 
fishing,  hiking,  horseback  riding, 
golf,  and  more.  Bring  the  entire 
family,  ages  7  and  older. 
From  $1,899 

Cruise  the  Passage 
of  Peter  the  Great 
July  4-17 

Trace  the  steps  of  Peter  the 
Great  and  marvel  at  the 
art  collections  in  the  Hermitage 
Museum  in  St.  Petersburg. 
On  the  cruise,  you'll  experience 
the  architecture  of  Kizhi  Island, 
Goritsy,  and  Yaroslavl.  Sail 
the  Volga  River  from  Uglich  to 
Moscow.  From  $2,895 


Voyage  to  the  Lands 
of  Gods  &  Heroes 
July  7-18 

Discover  the  Mediterranean 
through  your  children's  eyes. 
Explore  Athens,  Santorini,  Rhodes, 
and  Crete.  Journey  to  Pompeii, 
Diros's  mysterious  caves,  and 
ancient  Olympia.  Youth  education 
counselors  lead  the  Young 
Explorers  Program.  From  $6,995 
per  adult,  $4,395  per  child 

Alaska  Discovery 
August  12-19 

Depart  from  Vancouver  to  explore 
southeast  Alaska  aboard  the 
Seven  Seas  Mariner.  Alaska's 
mountains  rival  the  Alps,  its  fjords 
surpass  Norway's,  its  glaciers  are 
outnumbered  only  by  Greenland's 
and  Antarctica's,  and  its  marine 
life  is  boundless.  From  $3,795 

Celtic  Lands 

August  22-September  2 

Immerse  yourself  in  Celtic 
history  aboard  the  deluxe  M.S. 
Le  Diamant  from  the  Irish  capital 
of  Dublin  to  the  Norman  port 
of  Honfleur.  Cruise  around 
the  islands  of  Scotland,  along 
the  coast  of  England,  Wales,  and 
northern  France.  From  $5,195 


Kilimanjaro  Climb 
August  29-September  5 

Mount  Kilimanjaro  is  Africa's 
highest  peak  and  the  highest 
stand-alone  mountain  in 
the  world.  This  will  be  once-in- 
a-lifetime  ascent  of  one  of 
the  world's  "seven  summits." 
(Can  be  combined  with  Serengeti 
and  Zanzibar  Explorer,  below) 
From  $4,300 

Young  Alumni: 
China  Passage 
September  4-13 

Travel  with  young  alumni  and 
friends  (up  to  age  35)  to  China, 
land  of  legends,  architectural 
wonders,  diverse  landscapes,  and 
recent  monumental  social  and 
economic  changes.  From  $2,490, 
includes  airfare  from  New  York 

Serengeti  and 
Zanzibar  Explorer 
September  5-14 

Discover  the  best  of  Tanzania's 
game  parks  and  wildlife  areas. 
Enjoy  a  safari  in  Lake  Manyara 
National  Park,  Serengeti  National 
Park,  and  the  Ngorongoro  Crater. 
Relax  on  beaches  in  Zanzibar. 
(Can  be  combined  with  Kilimanjaro 
Climb,  above)  From  $6,300 

Oxford  Experience 
September  13-25 

Rediscover  being  a  student  again. 
Choose  your  courses,  with  classes 
in  the  morning  and  related  field 
trips  in  the  afternoon.  Explore 
the  wonders  of  this  university 
town  while  immersing  yourself 
in  the  tradition  of  learning. 
From  $4,450 


On-campus 

Educational 

Programs 


Flavors  of 

Burgundy  &  Provence 
October  3-14 

Paris,  Provence,  and  the  French 
Riviera  will  come  alive  on  this 
journey.  Begin  with  two-nights  in 
Paris,  cruise  the  Saone  and  Rhone 
rivers  aboard  the  Avaton  Scenery, 
and  end  with  a  night  in  lively  Nice. 
From  $3,210          ^_ 


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Each  year,  Duke  in  Depth  programs  offer  an  interdisciplinary 
perspective  on  a  current,  enticing  topic.  In  February  2009, 
it's  Bloomsbury  Vision  &  Design,  the  culmination  of  a  yearlong 
celebration  of  the  Bloomsbury  Group,  its  art,  literature,  and 
social  influences. 


China  Connoisseur 
&  Tibet 
October  5-21 

Discover  the  history  and  cultures 
of  China  and  Tibet.  Explore  the 
Forbidden  City,  the  Great  Wall, 
and  the  Terra  Cotta  Warriors.  Visit 
pandas  in  Chengdu  and  travel  to 
Lhasa,  Tibet,  holy  land  for  Tibetan 
Buddhists  and  the  Dalai  Lama. 
From  $5,199,  includes  airfare 
from  New  York 

Egypt  &  the  Eternal  Nile 
October  16-November  1 

Begin  in  Cairo  visiting  the  Pyramids 
of  Giza,  the  Sphinx,  Memphis, 
Sakkara,  Old  Cairo,  and  the  Egyptian 
Museum.  Cruise  on  Lake  Nasser, 
explore  Abu  Simbel,  and  enjoy  a 
classic  Nile  voyage  that  takes  you 
from  Aswan  to  Luxor  and,  finally, 
Alexandria.  From  $4,495, 
includes  airfare  from  New  York 

Tanzania  Family  Safari 
December  22,  2009- 
January  3,  2010 

This  is  a  wonderful  chance  to  get 
your  family  into  the  wilds — safely 
and  comfortably.  Knowledgeable 
guides  will  help  you  explore 
Tarangire,  Ngorongoro,  and  the 
Serengeti.  From  $6,390 
per  adult,  $6,190  per  teenager, 
$5,890  per  child 


The  Duke  Alumni  Association  and  the  Nasher  Museum  of  Art 
are  co-sponsoring  arts-related  tours,  both  domestic  and  foreign, 
featuring  museum  experts  and  behind-the-scenes  access  to 
galleries  and  collections.  See  the  best  of  Chicago's  galleries  in 
the  spring  and  the  riches  of  the  Venice  Biennale  in  the  summer. 


Consider  us  your  gateway  to  educational  programs  offered  by 
Duke  schools,  institutes,  centers,  and  academic  departments, 
plus  a  wide  range  of  summer  camps  for  young  people, 
adult  education  sessions,  and  health  and  wellness  opportunities. 


Box  90572 

Durham,  NC  27708-0572 

(919)  684-5114 


Cost  is  per  person  and  does  not  include  airfare,  unless 
noted.  All  itineraries  and  prices  are  subject  to  change. 


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Oldest  Living  Major  League  Ballplayer  Tells  All 


Centenarian  Bill  Werber  lettered  in  basketball  at  Duke, 

played  bridge  with  Babe  Ruth,  and  outmaneuvered  Connie  Mack. 

And  lived  to  tell  about  it.  By  JON  SCHER 


T 


he  Census  Bureau  believes  nearly 
82,000  Americans  are  100  years 
of  age  or  older.  But  only  one  of 
them  played  major- league  base- 
ball. And  he's  not  about  to  act  his  age. 

"Are  you  with  me?"  Bill  Werber  calls  out, 
as  he  races  his  electric  wheelchair  through 
the  carpeted  hallways  of  the  Carriage  Club, 
an  assisted-living  complex  in  southeastern 
Charlotte.  You  still  have  to  move  fast  to 
keep  up  with  the  former  third  baseman,  who 


led  the  American  League  with  forty  stolen 
bases  for  the  Boston  Red  Sox  in  1934- 

Werber  '30  has  a  firm  handshake  and  a 
steady  gaze.  He  remembers,  in  rich  detail, 
playing  bridge  with  Babe  Ruth  and  going 
bird  hunting  with  Frank  "Home  Run" 
Baker,  a  slugger  of  the  early  1910s.  ("Frank 
Baker  was  the  best  shot  I  ever  saw  with  a 
shotgun,"  Werber  says.)  He  was  the  first 
player  to  bat  in  the  first  televised  major- 
league  game — Cincinnati  at  Brooklyn,  Au- 


gust 26,  1939 — and  he  helped  the  Reds  win 
the  World  Series  in  1940. 

More  than  eighty  friends  and  family  mem- 
bers attended  Werber's  100th  birthday  party, 
at  a  Charlotte  country  club.  "They  turned 
away  as  many  as  they  seated,"  he  says  with  a 
smile.  "Standing  room  only!"  As  befits  a  man 
who  was  born  on  June  20,  1908 — the  same 
year  a  songwriter  named  Jack  Norworth 
wrote  "Take  Me  Out  to  the  Ball  Game,"  the 
anthem  of  baseball's  seventh-inning  stretch. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     September-October  2008 


All-around  athlete:  Werber  led  Duke  to  an  18-2 
record  for  the  1930  basketball  season,  becoming  the 
university's  first  All-America  selection. 

It's  been  a  busy  spring  and  summer  for  Wer- 
ber, as  a  steady  stream  of  journalists  have 
dropped  by  his  table  at  the  Carriage  Club 
restaurant  or  called  for  telephone  inter- 
views with  the  Oldest  Living  Ballplayer. 

Werber  doesn't  disappoint.  The  author  of 
three  books  about  baseball  and  his  place  in 
it,  he's  happy  to  explain  why  he  doesn't 
watch  the  game  anymore.  It's  a  well-argued 
stance  that's  earned  him  prominent  play  in 
USA  Today  and  Sports  Illustrated:  "I  got  so 
disgusted  four  years  ago,  when  Boston  won 
it,  and  I  saw  Manny  Ramirez  with  the  long 
hair  down  his  back,  and  Johnny  Damon 
with  the  big  whiskers  on  his  face.  They 
looked  so  sorry,  and  they  weren't  setting  a 
good  example  for  kids,  and  that  causes 
problems  for  families." 

At  the  same  time,  he  still  follows  the 
news,  disturbing  though  it  may  be.  "I  was 
very  disappointed  to  read  where  this  Alex 
Rodriguez  has  been  carrying  on  with  Ma- 
donna. Now  that  may  be  some  high-class 
sex,  but  the  ballplayers  in  my  day,  after  a 
ballgame,  most  of  'em  would  go  home,  have 
a  bottle  of  beer  or  two,  play  with  the  chil- 
dren, go  to  bed  early,  and  come  back  ready 
for  the  next  game  under  a  hot  sun." 

Werber  wasn't  a  drinker  or  a  smoker,  and 
he  gives  his  wife,  Kathryn,  to  whom  he  was 
married  for  seventy  years  until  her  death,  in 
2000,  credit  for  helping  him  live  so  long.  "I 
was  devoid  of  friction  in  my  marriage,"  he 


says.  All  three  of  their  children  attended 
Duke — Bill  Jr.  '53,  Patricia  '56,  and  Susie 
'69 — as  have  two  ot  his  eight  grandchildren. 

Although  he's  deaf  in  his  right  ear  and 
lost  his  left  leg  below  the  knee  two  years  ago 
to  complications  from  diabetes,  Werber  is 
generally  in  good  health.  Spend  a  little  time 
with  him  over  lunch — iced  tea,  a  hot  dog 
with  chopped  onions  and  ketchup,  a  cup  of 
soup,  and  fruit  salad — and  you'll  be  reward- 
ed with  a  rollicking  tour  of  the  history  of 
Duke  and  of  baseball. 

He  arrived  at  the  recently  renamed  Duke 
University  in  September  1926,  a  two-sport 
recruit  from  Washington.  He'd  agreed  to 
come  to  Durham  sight  unseen.  "I  envi- 
sioned a  campus  with  ivy-covered  walls  and 
magnolia  trees,  but  Duke  was  dust,"  Werber 
says.  "Everywhere  you  went,  there  were 
planks  on  risers,  and  when  it  rained  there 
was  maybe  three  or  four  inches  of  mud.  If 
you  slipped  off  the  boards,  that's  where 
you'd  go,  into  the  mud. 

"Train  tracks  ran  right  up  the  middle  of 
the  campus,  because  the  chapel  was  -still 
being  built.  The  workers  unloading  the  rail 
cars — the  bricks  to  build  the  chapel — 
would  do  it  by  lantern  light,  and  they  would 
do  it  to  chants,  moving  those  bricks  out  of 
the  cars  until  10:30  at  night." 

Werber  has  stories,  good  ones,  about  many 
of  the  names  now  carved  into  stone  around 
West  Campus.  Such  as  William  Wanamaker, 
the  dean  of  students:  "He  was  constantly 
admonishing  us  to  study.  He  told  us,  'Lock 
your  doors  after  dinner,  and  see  that  they 
stay  locked,  because  your  fraternity  brothers 
will  come  in,  and  they  will  steal  your  time. 
And  you're  not  here  to  have  your  time  sto- 
len. You're  here  to  study.'  And  he  was  right." 

He  remembers  when  Jack  Coombs,  the 
baseball  coach,  asked  William  Preston  Few, 
the  dapper  university  president,  to  officiate 
an  intra-squad  game.  "Dr.  Few  umpired 
behind  the  pitcher  with  a  fedora  hat  on, 
and  a  cane.  And  he  was  a  good  umpire! 
When  it  was  a  strike,  he'd  mark  it  to  the 
right,  in  the  mound  behind  the  pitcher,  and 
when  it  was  a  ball,  he'd  mark  it  to  the  left. 
There  was  never  any  instance  where  a  call 
was  disputed." 


42 


'.dukemaga 


DREAM      TEAM 

Duke  will  never  be  mistaken  for  a  baseball  factory.  But  from  Wade  Lefler  '18,  L'18  (played  in 

the  majors  in  1924)  to  Bobby  Brower  '82  (played  1986-89)  to  Scott  Schoeneweis  '96  (1999-present), 

the  Blue  Devils  have  produced  enough  major-league  alumni  to  form  a  pretty  decent  all-star  team. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     September-October  2008 


Werber  delivered  on  his  prom- 
ise as  an  athlete,  leading  Duke 
to  an  18-2  record  for  the  1930 
basketball  season  (becoming 
the  university's  first  All- America  selection) 
and  subsequently  batting  over  .400  as  a  sen- 
ior shortstop.  Baseball  wasn't  just  the  most 
popular  professional  sport  in  those  days,  it 
was  the  only  viable  career  option  for  an  ath- 
lete. The  NFL  was  a  backwater,  and  the 
NBA  wasn't  founded  until  1946. 

There  was  no  baseball  draft,  so  the  six- 
teen major-league  teams  signed  players  by 
the  hundreds  and  dispersed  them  to  hone 
their  skills  in  the  minors.  Both  teams  and 
players  stretched  the  rules;  Werber  made  a 
secret  handshake  agreement  with  Paul 
Krichell,  a  scout  for  the  New  York  Yankees, 
in  1927,  and  went  on  to  complete  his  col- 
lege career. 


The  Yankees  of  1927  were  at  the  peak  of 
their  power.  The  heart  of  their  batting 
order — Ruth,  Lou  Gehrig,  Bob  Meusel,  and 
Tony  Lazzeri — was  known  as  Murderers' 
Row.  That  year,  the  team  would  win  110 
games  and  lose  only  forty-four.  Krichell 
arranged  for  the  young  Werber  to  spend  a 
few  weeks  with  the  team  over  the  summer, 
taking  batting  practice  and  observing.  The 
experience  erased  any  romantic  notions  he 
might  have  had.  "I  wasn't  awestruck  with 
'em,"  he  says.  "Some  of  'em  were  a  pain  in 
the  ass  to  me." 

Pause.  "I  was  a  pretty  cocky  kid.  Ac- 
knowledged." 

He  joined  the  Yankees  in  1930,  after 
graduation,  playing  a  few  games  as  a  sel- 
dom-used infielder.  While  the  hazing  rituals 
of  the  day  could  be  brutal — Ruth  once 
snuck  up  on  Werber  and  urinated  on  him  in 


the  shower — the  young  player  became  a 
bridge  partner  of  catcher  Bill  Dickey.  Ruth 
and  Gehrig  were  their  most  frequent  oppo- 
nents on  road  trips.  "Ruth  had  a  glass  that 
he  carried  in  his  suitcase,  a  big  tall  glass,  and 
he  also  carried  a  fifth  of  Seagram's.  He'd 
pour  this  glass  full  of  whiskey  and  put  a  little 
ice  in  it,  a  little  water  in  it,  and  then  he'd 
sip  it  and  get  jocular. 

"Ruth  liked  to  irritate  Gehrig,  so  he'd 
make  bad  bids  deliberately.  Gehrig  would 
throw  the  cards  in  the  middle  of  the  table 
because  he  knew  what  was  going  on." 

Werber  liked  the  Babe  in  spite  of  their 
unfortunate  shower-room  encounter  and 
wasn't  bothered  by  his  political  incorrect- 
ness. "Babe  was  loud,"  Werber  says.  "When- 
ever he  referred  to  Lazzeri,  who  he  was  fond 
of,  he'd  say,  'Where's  that  goddamn  wop?' 
We  had  a  ballplayer  on  the  club  who  played 


44 


www.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


BABE  RUTH  AND  LOU  GEHRIG  WERE  BRIDGE 


under  the  name  of  Jimmie  Reese,  hut  he 
was  Jewish.  His  real  name  was  Hymie 
Solomon.  And  Babe  always  referred  to  him 
as  'that  little  kike  bastard,'  or  'that  Jew 
sonofabitch.'  But  this  is  the  truth:  These 
were  terms  of  endearment."  And  those  were 
different  times. 

Ruth  did  occasionally  engender  resent- 
ment from  the  women  he  loved  and  left, 
Werber  recalls.  "One  day  he  told  us  an  inti- 
mate story  in  the  clubhouse  at  spring  train- 
ing in  Florida.  There  was  a  light  drizzle,  and 
it  was  cold,  and  we  were  sitting  around  a 
stove.  Lazzeri  was  always  needling  Ruth  and 
he  said,  'Tell  us  about  that  babe  in  Ybor 
City.'  Well,  he'd  told  this  girl  that  spring 
training  was  about  to  start,  and  he  was  go- 
ing to  have  to  terminate  their  relationship. 
But  the  real  reason  was  that  he'd  found  some- 
one better. 

"And  he  was  in  this  country  club  at  night 
at  dinner  with  this  other  girl,  and  he  saw 
the  Spanish  girl  appear  in  the  doorway.  She 
saw  him  through  these  big  glass  doors,  and 
she  reached  into  her  pocketbook  and 
took  out  a  revolver.  About  that  time  Babe 
thought  he'd  better  leave,  and  he  ran 
through  the  doors  out  onto  the  golf  course, 
and  she  fired,  and  she  hit  him  in  the  leg. 
And  then  he  showed  us  the  scar  on  the 
back  of  his  leg  and  said,  Aw,  she  was  a  good 
girl,  it  didn't  amount  to  nothing.'  " 

Werber  spent  most  of  the  next  few  sea- 
sons in  the  minors,  and  the  Yankees  sold 
him  to  the  Red  Sox  in  1933.  In  Boston,  he 
quickly  evolved  into  a  solid  and  occasionally 
spectacular  third  baseman,  batting  a  career- 
high  .321  in  1934-  Traded  to  the  old  Phila- 
delphia As  in  1937,  Werber  eventually  went 
head-to-head  with  their  legendary  owner/ 
manager,  Connie  Mack,  in  contract  talks. 

"Mr.  Mack  would  always  wait  until  the 
last  day  to  get  his  contracts  out  because  it 
reduced  the  time  you'd  have  to  argue," 
Werber  says.  "It  put  pressure  on  the  players. 
Now  I  finally  got  his  contract,  and  he  wrote 
me  a  nice  letter  saying  the  club  had  had  a 
bad  year,  and  this  would  be  a  bad  year  to 
come,  and  that  his  payroll  was  too  high.  So 
I  wrote  a  letter  back  to  him.  I  said,  in  sum- 
mary, 'Mr.  Mack,  what  I  would  advise  you  to 


PARTNERS.  "RUTH  LIKED  TO  IRRITATE  GEHRIG,  SO 

HE'D  MAKE  BAD  BIDS  DELIBERATELY.  GEHRIG 

WOULD  THROW  THE  CARDS  IN  THE  MIDDLE  OF  THE 

TABLE  BECAUSE  HE  KNEW  WHAT  WAS  GOING  ON." 


do  is  to  sell  your  ballclub  and  get  into 
another  business.'  He  took  this,  and  rightly 
so,  as  being  an  affront.  So  he  sold  me  to 
Cincinnati,  and  that  worked  out  very  well." 

The  deal  paid  off  right  away  for  the  Reds, 
who  got  themselves  a  fiery  leadoff  hitter 
who  helped  drive  them  to  the  National 
League  pennant  in  1939  and  the  World 
Series  title  the  following  year.  "Cincinnati 
was  unique,"  he  says.  "I  hadn't  been  there 
too  long  before  the  doorbell  rang.  It  was  the 
personnel  director  of  the  Kroger  grocery 
and  baking  company,  big  outfit.  He  came 
in — had  a  big  basket  full  of  champagne  and 
wine,  a  pineapple,  bananas,  apples,  oranges 
— and  he  said,  'We  admire  the  way  you  put 
hustle  into  this  ballclub.'  Well,  I  had  put 
hustle  into  the  ballclub.  That  was  fun." 

But  by  1941  his  career  was  clearly  on  the 
decline,  brought  on  by  a  painful,  surgically 
repaired  big  toe  he'd  broken  years  before 
when  he  kicked  a  water  bucket  in  the  dug- 
out. "I  had  an  ugly  disposition,"  he  says.  (The 
website  baseballreference .com,  which  high- 
lights similar  players  across  eras,  compares 
Werber  to  a  hard-nosed  star  of  the  1990s, 
Lenny  "Nails"  Dykstra,  among  others.) 

After  eleven  seasons,  Werber  quit 
the  game,  a  .271  career  hitter 
with  271  doubles,  539  runs  bat- 
ted in,  and  215  steals.  In  the  fall 
of  1942,  he  joined  his  father  in  the  insur- 
ance business  in  Berwyn,  Maryland,  outside 
Washington,  where  he  was  an  overnight 
success.  "The  most  I  ever  made  playing 
baseball  was  $13,500,  plus  World  Series 
checks,  but  the  first  year  I  was  in  business,  I 
made  over  $100,000,"  he  says.  "That  was 
$20,000  more  than  Babe  Ruth  ever  made 
playing  baseball." 

Lunch  is  over  now,  so  he  takes  the  eleva- 
tor down  one  floor  and  rolls  through  the 


hallway  to  his  one-bedroom  apartment.  It's 
decorated  with  photos  of  friends  and  family, 
children  and  grandchildren,  and  on  a  side 
table,  there's  a  scrapbook  filled  with  birth- 
day cards  and  messages.  Many  of  them 
reflect  Werber's  nearly  lifelong  link  to 
Duke.  (He  was  pleased  to  get  a  birthday 
phone  call  from  Mike  Krzyzewski,  who  also 
had  four  basketball  shirts  delivered  as  a 
gift.)  Former  athletics  director  Tom  Butters' 
name  had  come  up  in  conversation,  and 
Werber  plucks  out  the  card  Butters  sent. 
Butters  wrote,  in  part:  "Bill  Werber  is  the 
most  principled  man  I  have  ever  known.  He 
has  stood  behind  those  principles  for  nearly 
a  century.  While  I  have  not  always  agreed 
with  him,  I  have  always  respected  him,  and 
do  to  this  day.  I  would  put  my  life  on  the 
line  for  this  man." 

Werber  is  visibly  moved  by  the  words. 
But  after  a  moment,  he  brightens — time  for 
another  story.  "Tom  Butters  was  late  for  an 
appointment  with  me  once,"  he  says.  "The 
[donation]  check  that  I'd  been  prepared  to 
write  for  him  was  pretty  substantial  for 
those  times.  But  he  showed  up  an  hour  or 
two  late,  and  I  refused  to  talk  to  him.  I  sent 
him  on  his  way.  He  didn't  like  that  much. 

"Later  I  heard  he  was  talking  to  some- 
body who  told  him  they  were  going  to  go 
see  Bill  Werber,  and  Butters  said,  'For  chris- 
sakes,  don't  be  late!'  " 

Werber  laughs  a  long  time  about  this  one. 
Principles  never  get  old. 

Scher  '84 ,  a  former  managing  editor  of 
Baseball  America  and  scoreboard  operator  at 
Durham  Athletic  Park,  is  a  senior  editor  at 
ESPN  The  Magazine. 

Check  out  Werber's  stats  and 

see  what  his  uniforms  looked  like: 

www.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     September-October  2008 


BY  BRIDGET  BOOHER 


frosh  faces 


Members  of  the  Class  of  2012 

tell  Duke  Magazine  what's 

on  their  minds.  Watch  the  video: 

www.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


embers  of  Duke's  Class  of 
2012  reflect  the  university's 
increasing  international  pres- 
ence and  its  broad  appeal  to  young 
achievers.  It  is  the  most  geographically 
diverse  group  of  undergraduate  students 
ever.  As  has  been  the  case  for  years,  the 
most-represented  states  are  North  Car- 
olina, California,  and  New  York.  There 
is  a  record  number  of  admitted  inter- 
national students — 277 — from  places 
like  Sichuan,  China;  Dunedin,  New 
Zealand;  and  Kingston,  Jamaica. 

The  more  than  1,700  students  who 
matriculated  in  August  attended  large 
public  schools  and  exclusive  private 
academies,  lived  in  big-city  high  rises 
and  small-town  suburbs.  They  have 
strong  academic  credentials:  585  of  the 
3,814  students  offered  admission  were 
valedictorians,  and  1,570  had  SAT 
scores  of  1 ,500  or  higher. 

But  hometowns  and  test  scores  only 
begin  to  tell  the  story  of  these  first-year 
students.  They  are  deeply  committed 


to  public  service:  Many  applicants  cited 
the  appeal  of  DukeEngage,  which  pro- 
vides funding  and  faculty  support  for 
domestic  and  international  civic-en- 
gagement opportunities. 

Most  were  born  in  1990,  which  put 
them  in  middle  school  when  9/1 1  hap- 
pened; for  most  of  their  lives,  either  Bill 
Clinton  or  George  W.  Bush  has  been 
president  of  the  U.S.  Hundreds  of  them 
have  already  "met"  each  other  through 
social  networking  sites;  the  Duke  Class 
of  2012  Facebook  group  includes  threads 
about  purchasing  textbooks  and  the 
mandatory  alcohol-education  program, 
and  links  to  dorm-specific  chat  groups. 
Instantaneous  communication  with 
strangers  half  a  world  away  is  second 
nature  to  these  young  adults,  who  are 
coming  of  age  as  global  politics  and 
shifting  economies  portend  tremendous 
challenges  for  their  generation. 

Here  are  five  of  Duke's  most  recent 
arrivals. 


dukemagazine.duke.edu 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     September-October  2008         47 


LAUREN  BROWN 

Hometown:  New  York 


exit , 

stage  right 


Entranced  by  graceful  dancers  whose  fouettes  and 
grand  jetes  appeared  effortless,  Lauren  Brown  began 
taking  ballet  lessons  when  she  was  six.  By  the  time  she 
entered  high  school,  all  other  extracurricular  activities 
had  been  abandoned. 

Brown  enrolled  in  New  York's  Professional  Children's 
School,  arranging  her  courses  around  rehearsals  and 
classes  at  the  prestigious  School  of  American  Ballet, 
and  pushed  herself  even  harder.  Her  senior  year,  she 


applied  to  college-Duke  was  her  top  choice-but  then 
decided  she  wasn't  quite  ready  to  give  up  her  all- 
consuming  passion.  She  auditioned  for  several  profes- 
sional companies  and  was  invited  to  join  the  Penn- 
sylvania Ballet. 

Duke  agreed  to  let  her  defer  admission  for  a  year. 
The  life  of  a  professional  dancer  was  as  glamorous  as  she 
had  imagined  (among  other  roles,  she  performed  as  a 
snowflake  and  flower  in  George  Balanchine's  The  Nut- 
cracker and  as  a  mermaid  in  Christopher  Wheeldon's 
Carnival  of  the  Animals)  but  even  more  grueling. 


After  seeing  firsthand  what  it  would  take  to  make 
dancing  a  full-time  profession,  she  decided  it  was  not 
the  life  she  wanted  after  all. 

Brown  is  considering  majoring  in  psychology,  teach- 
ing dance  in  the  local  Durham  schools,  learning  Hindi  or 
Arabic,  and  rediscovering  tennis,  long  ago  forsaken 
when  dance  was  everything. 


Phyllis  Mbewe's  journey  from  Lusaka, 
Zambia,  to  Durham,  North  Carolina,  began 
when  she  and  her  three  older  siblings  lost 
both  parents  to  illness.  With  help  from 
their  mother's  side  of  the  family,  the  chil- 
dren worked  the  family  farm,  growing 
crops  and  raising  pigs  and  goats.  They 
scraped  together  the  mandatory  fees  to 
attend  school. 

When  most  classmates  began  dropping 
out  to  take  whatever  manual-labor  jobs 
were  available,  one  of  Mbewe's  teachers 
recommended  that  she  apply  to  the 
Pestalozzi  International  Village  Trust,  a 
school  in  East  Sussex,  England,  that  edu- 
cates exceptional  young  people  from  the 
developing  world  who  could  not  other- 
wise continue  their  studies.  After  three 
days  of  in-depth  interviews  and  exams, 
she  was  offered  admission. 

At  Pestalozzi,  Mbewe  lived  with  stu- 
dents from  six  countries.  She  became 
accustomed  to  international  cuisine, 
diverse  cultural  norms,  and  a  stimulating 
academic  environment. 

When  a  Duke  admissions  officer  came 
to  Pestalozzi,  Mbewe  for  the  first  time 
began  to  consider  attending  college  in  the 
U.S.  It  seemed  a  world  away,  she  says, 
but  Duke's  engineering  program  was  a 
strong  inducement.  Mbewe,  a  University 
Scholar,  is  determined  to  help  Zambia 
strengthen  its  infrastructure,  particularly 
its  roads  and  highways. 


built  fori 

speed 


Hometown:  Wayne,  New  Jersey 

Paul  Harraka  is  fast-a  fast  talker,  a  fast 
thinker,  and  most  of  all,  a  fast  driver.  In  his 
first  professional  go-kart  race  as  a  nine-year- 
old,  he  captured  first  place  in  the  New  Jersey 
state  championships  in  the  eight-to-twelve- 
year-old  age  bracket.  Since  then,  he's  racked 
up  158  wins,  including  the  World  Karting 
Association  Triple  Crown,  thirteen  national 
championships,  and  six  go-kart  world  cham- 
pionships. 

He  made  the  transition  to  cars  in  2005  and, 
last  year,  he  was  named  the  All-American 
Speedway's  NASCAR  Rookie  of  the  Year. 

Harraka  plans  to  major  in  mechanical  engi- 
neering but  will  continue  to  race  professional- 
ly—his ultimate  goal  is  to  win  the  NASCAR 
Sprint  Cup  Series-while  maintaining  a  de- 
manding course  load. 

Needless  to  say,  he  has  already  endeared 
himself  to  Duke's  Formula  SAE  (Society  of 
Automotive  Engineers)  Competition  team,  a 
student-run  group  that  designs  and  builds 
open-wheel  racecars  to  compete  in  the  annual 
national  competition  that  attracts  more  than 
140  colleges. 


•.dukemagaiine.duke.edu 


mm 


Hometown:  New  Canaan,  Connecticut 

Coming  soon  to  a  television  monitor  or  computer 
screen  near  you:  Taylor  Clarke  and  her  high-quality 
online  broadcast  channel  for  the  Duke  community, 
from  video  clips  for  prospective  students  to  in-depth 
documentaries  on  medical  breakthroughs  and  features 
on  successful  alumni.  The  broadcast  is  just  an  idea  right 
now,  but  if  anyone  can  make  it  happen,  it's  Clarke. 


She's  written  and  produced  documentaries  on  the 
Beijing  Olympics  and  advancements  in  neurosurgery, 
and  covered  the  America's  Cup  Challenge  in  Spain  and 
the  Aspen  Ideas  Festival.  As  a  high-school  sophomore, 
she  launched  a  public-access  television  show,  View 
From  the  Top.  One  show  featured  the  heads  of  ABC, 
NBC,  and  CBS  Sports  discussing  the  business  of  sports. 
In  another,  former  Morgan  Stanley  CEO  Stephen  Roach 
and  General  Electric  CEO  Jeffrey  Immelt  talked  about 
business  and  globalization. 

Clarke  says  she  was  able  to  get  to  these  heavy  hit- 


Mi 


ters  through  a  combination  of  letters,  cold  calls,  and 
dogged  persistence. 

At  Duke,  Clarke  plans  to  capitalize  on  that  experi- 
ence as  well  as  the  many  resources  available  to  her  as  a 
Robertson  Scholar-journalism  courses  at  the  Univer- 
sity of  North  Carolina  at  Chapel  Hill,  summer  travel  and 
research  opportunities,  and  especially  Duke's  "entre- 
preneurial spirit." 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     September-October  2008 


Nature's  way:  Koehl's  research  combines  biology  and  engineering  to  better  understand  the  natural  world;  opposite,  Caribbean  spiny  lobster,  panulirus  argus. 


Dinosaurs 
Got  to  Fly 


In  the  field  of  comparative  biomechanics, 
Mimi  Koehl  is  an  audacious  pioneer 
whose  success  stems  from  a  willingness 
to  challenge  assumptions.  The  Mr.  Potato 
Head  models  don't  hurt  either. 

By  Barry  Yeoman 


THE  WEEK  WAS  NOT  GOING  WELL  FOR  RASTA  LOBSTA 

or  for  its  creator,  Mimi  A.R.  Koehl. 

The  robotic  crustacean — built  from  the  molted, 
epoxy-filled  shell  of  a  Caribbean  spiny  lobster — was  the 
centerpiece  of  an  experiment  funded  by  the  U.S.  Office 
of  Naval  Research.  The  Navy  was  looking  for  answers 
to  a  life-or-death  problem:  how  to  defuse  the  unexplod- 
ed  mines  that  lurk  in  shallow  marine  waters  without 
putting  sailors'  bodies  at  risk.  Would  it  be  possible  to 
create  a  machine  that  could  "smell"  these  underwater 
explosives  with  artificial  noses?  If  so,  what  could  scien- 
tists learn  from  spiny  lobsters,  which  sniff  out  their  food, 
mates,  and  predators  with  more  precision  than  anything 
engineers  have  ever  invented? 


Koehl  Ph.D.  '76,  a  professor  of  integrative  biology  at 
the  University  of  California  at  Berkeley,  hoped  her 
mechanical  lobster  could  offer  up  information  about 
how  the  real  animal's  olfactory  system  functions.  To 
find  out,  she  and  several  colleagues  met  at  Stanford 
University's  Environmental  Fluid  Mechanics  Labora- 
tory. There,  an  enormous  tank  simulated  the  flow  of  a 
turbulent  ocean.  Snappy  reggae  music  played  in  the 
background  as  the  researchers  readied  an  experiment. 
They  planned  to  release  an  odor,  colored  by  fluorescent 
green  dye,  into  the  water  with  Rasta  Lobsta.  Then  they 
would  monitor  how  the  smell  found  its  way  to  a  sensor 
mounted  on  the  robot's  antennae-like  nose. 

There  was  only  one  problem:  The  sensor  refused  to 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     September-October  2008 


Sea  Change 


At  Duke,  Mimi  Koehl  Ph.D.  76  studied  under  renowned  zoology  professors  Steven  Vogel  and  Stephen 
Wainwright  '53.  While  her  dissertation  included  interesting  revelations  about  sea  anemones,  it  had  an 
impact  well  beyond  the  study  of  anthopleura:  causing  her  mentors  to  re-envision  their  field. 

Until  the  1970s,  biologists  who  explored  the  way  living  organisms  

function  tended  to  adhere  to  disciplinary  boundaries  similar  to  those 
established  by  mechanical  engineers.  Solid-mechanics  specialists  like 
Wainwright  (pictured  below  right)  studied  the  design  of  organisms, 
while  Vogel  (top)  and  other  researchers  in  fluid  mechanics  studied  the 
ways  that  these  organisms  interact  with  their  environment. 

But  Koehl's  dissertation  project,  which  examined  the  way  that 
particular  species  of  anemones  change  shape  in  reaction  to  ocean  wave 
forces,  combined  the  two  fields.  Her  thesis,  Vogel  recently  wrote  in 
the  journal  Integrative  and  Comparative  Biology,  "triggered  the  conver- 
sation that  led  [Wainwright  and  me]  to  give,  in  the  following  year,  a 
course  we  called  'Biomechanics,'  renamed  ten  years  later  'Comparative 
Biomechanics.'" 

Over  the  next  three  decades,  they  would  co-teach  the  course  twenty- 
six  times,  influencing  the  way  that  legions  of  zoology  students  under- 
stand organismal  biology  and  shaping  a  new  field  of  study  that  applies 
principles  of  engineering  and  physics  to  the  study  of  animal  movement. 

The  field  has  grown  steadily,  with  Duke's  zoology  (now  biology) 
department  serving  as  an  incubator  early  on.  Three  Ph.D.  graduates 
have  gone  on  to  win  prestigious  MacArthur  Fellowships:  Koehl,  a 
Wainwright  student,  in  1 990;  Barbara  Block  Ph.D.  '86,  a  Knut  Schmidt- 
Nielsen  student,  in  1996;  and  Thomas  Daniel  Ph.D.  '82,  a  Vogel  student, 
also  in  1996. 

Program  graduates  have  gone  on  to  populate  top  departments  in  the 
field,  including  those  at  Harvard  University,  the  University  of  California  at  Berkeley,  the  University  of 
Chicago,  and  the  University  of  Washington  (where  Daniel  is  chair  of  biology). 

Others  have  made  an  impact  in  related  fields.  Tierney  Thys  Ph.D.  '98,  a  Wainwright  student,  studied 
fish  biomechanics  at  Duke.  She  now  produces  documentaries  on  marine  life  as  a  research  consultant 
with  the  Sea  Studios  Foundation  in  Monterey,  California. 

These  offspring  have  even  begun  to  produce  star  students  of  their  own.  Sonke  Johnsen,  an  assistant 
professor  of  biology  at  Duke  whose  study  of  tiny,  transparent  sea  creatures  was  featured  on  the  cover 
of  the  November-December  2005  issue  of  Duke  Magazine,  studied  under  Wainwright  protege  William 
Kier  Ph.D.  '83  at  the  University  of  North  Carolina  at  Chapel  Hill. 

Though  now  overshadowed  by  molecular  biology — in  terms  of  faculty  spots  and  grant  money — 
at  many  universities,  including  Duke,  the  field  of  comparative  biomechanics  remains  popular, 
Wainwright  and  Vogel  say,  in  part  because  it  is  a  young  discipline  and  there  is  so  much  left  to  study. 

Meanwhile,  Wainwright  and  Vogel,  both  retired  from  teaching  at  Duke,  continue  to  spread  their 
knowledge  to  new  generations,  albeit  in  different  ways. 

Vogel  is  the  author  of  a  textbook  on  comparative  biomechanics,  co-editor  of  a  teaching  website  on 
the  topic,  and  a  frequent  speaker  at  academic  conferences. 

Wainwright  has  gone  on  to  establish  two  nonprofits  based  in  Durham.  One,  the  Center  for  Inquiry- 
Based  Learning,  encourages  middle-  and  high-school  science  teachers  to  "teach  science  as  an  interest- 
ing humanity  instead  of  as  a  list  of  impossible  words  to  memorize."  At  the  second,  SeeSaw  Studio,  he 
works  with  public  high-school  students  to  design  and  sell  art. 


work.  After  a  week  together,  "we'd  gotten 
almost  no  useful  results,"  recalls  Jeff  Koseff, 
the  Stanford  engineering  professor  who 
hosted  the  gathering.  At  10  o'clock  on  the 
last  night,  Koseff  sent  home  his  exhausted 
doctoral  student  and  turned  to  Koehl. 

"Mimi,  what  do  you  want  to  do?"  he 
asked. 

"Why  don't  we  just  do  the  best  we  can  for 
the  next  three  hours  and  take  some  data?" 
Koehl  replied. 

Until  1  a.m.,  Koehl,  Koseff,  and  a  techni- 
cian improvised  without  the  sensor.  Shin- 
ing a  thin  sheet  of  laser  light  into  the  tank 
s    to  isolate  where  the  odor  hit  the  nose,  they 
§    videotaped  Rasta  Lobsta  as  it  flicked  its 
I    antennules — small  antennae  clipped  from  a 
§    freshly  dead  seafood-market  lobster — through 
|    the  cloud  of  dye.  By  the  night's  end,  Koehl 
I    felt  energized  again.  Later,  reviewing  the 
video,  she  realized  it  was  full  of  "beautiful 
data."  Watching  the  motion  of  the  dye  after 
each  antennule  flick,  she  could  reconstruct 
how  the  delectable  odor  of  a  rotten  fish 
might  reach  a  lobster's  hairy  nose. 

For  three  decades,  Koehl  has  worked  in 
this  nether  zone  between  biology  and  engi- 
neering— a  hybrid  and  relatively  new  field 
known  as  comparative  biomechanics.  In  the 
process,  she  has  helped  solve  some  of  the 
1  most  basic  mysteries  of  how  living  things  in- 
js  teract  with  water  and  air.  Besides  lobsters, 
her  subjects  have  included  bull  kelp,  a  sea- 
weed that  grows  almost  the  length  of  a  city 
block  in  a  single  summer,  and  Microraptor  gui, 
a  small  feathered  dinosaur  whose  fossilized 
remains  were  recently  discovered  in  China. 
She  has  studied  how  sea  anemones  survive 
hostile  ocean  waves;  how  the  stubs  on  the 
sides  of  insects  evolved  into  flightworthy 
wings;  and  how  tiny  sea-slug  larvae  tum- 
bling through  the  water  manage  to  land  on 
the  coral  that  provides  their  food.  As  with 
Rasta  Lobsta,  Koehl  sometimes  builds  mod- 
els of  these  organisms,  complete  with  de- 
tachable body  parts  a  la  Mr.  Potato  Head. 
(Just  for  fun,  she  once  designed  hats  and 
purses  for  some  mechanical  flying  frogs.) 

Along  the  way,  Koehl  has  piled  up  acco- 
lades, including  a  $260,000  "genius"  grant 
from  the  MacArthur  Foundation  in  1990. 
Three  years  ago,  she  was  the  subject  of  a 
book  called  Nature's  Machines  by  Deborah 
Parks,  part  of  a  series  on  female  scientists 
written  for  middle-school  students.  Col- 
leagues say  Koehl's  success  stems  from  her 
willingness  to  venture  into  unexplored  ter- 
ritory— to  cross  traditional  discipline  lines, 
to  study  organisms  others  have  overlooked, 


iw.dukemaga-ine.duke.edu 


and  to  challenge  assumptions  about  how 
natural  systems  operate. 

"A  lot  of  what  she's  done  has  been  a  mat- 
ter of  audacity,"  says  Steven  Vogel,  a  James 
B.  Duke  Professor  Emeritus  of  biology  and 
one  of  Koehl's  early  mentors  at  Duke.  Her 
boldness  "didn't  develop  right  away,"  he 
says.  "She  certainly  didn't  have  it  when  she 
started  as  a  grad  student."  Growing  up  with  a 
mother  who  tried  to  limit  her  homework 
time,  fearing  a  studious  girl  wouldn't  get 
dates,  Koehl  first  needed  to  unlearn  some 
childhood  lessons  before  she  could  develop 
her  scientific  chops. 


BACK  THEN,  SCIENCE  WAS  FOR  BOYS. 

Koehl's  father  was  a  physicist.  Her  mother 
painted  portraits.  That  was  the  social  order 
in  midcentury  Silver  Spring,  Maryland,  and 
Koehl  was  not  encouraged  to  stray.  She 
declared  herself  an  art  major  when  she  began 
her  undergraduate  studies  at  Gettysburg 
College  in  Pennsylvania.  From  her  parents' 
perspective,  "it  was  expected  that  girls 
would  do  art,"  she  says. 

In  the  studio,  Koehl  found  herself  drawn 


to  sea  shells,  bone  textures,  and  plant  sur- 
faces. She  painted  and  drew  both  literal  and 
abstract  images.  But  when  she  took  her  first 
biology  class,  mere  representation  suddenly 
seemed  insufficient.  "What  I  realized  was 
that  what  scientists  do  is  understand  how 
nature  works,"  she  says.  "That  seemed  much 
more  exciting  and  satisfying  than  simply 
appreciating  the  forms."  She  switched  ma- 
jors at  Gettysburg,  then  in  1970  joined  Duke's 
graduate  zoology  program. 

When  Koehl  announced  her  plans  to 


Ideas  take  flight:  Koehl  tinkers  with 
Microraptor  gui  dinosaur  model,  above; 
photo  of  fossil,  left. 

become  a  scientist,  "her  family  wasn't  the 
least  bit  of  help,"  Vogel  says.  "Going  to  grad- 
uate school  was  ducking  out  of  her  responsi- 
bility to  get  married  and  produce  another 
generation."  Once,  when  her  parents  visit- 
ed Duke,  the  family  went  out  for  a  meal 
with  Koehl's  academic  adviser,  Stephen 
Wainwright  '53.  Wainwright,  now  a  James 
B.  Duke  Professor  Emeritus  of  biology,  still 
recalls  the  drive  to  Chapel  Hill:  "Mama's 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     September-October  2008 


55 


sitting  in  the  back  seat.  She  says,  'Dr.  Wain- 
wright,  don't  you  think  it  is  totally  wrong 
for  young  women  to  be  studying  to  be  scien- 
tists?' It  was  so  unexpected,  because  there 
wasn't  any  lead-up  to  it,  that  I  had  to  pull 
over  and  stop." 

Wainwright,  who  has  a  reputation  for 
launching  Duke  students  into  successful  ca- 
reers, provided  the  antidote  to  Koehl's  up- 
bringing. As  with  other  students,  he  re- 
quired her  to  take  a  British-style  tutorial  and 
write  five  research  papers,  which  he  cri- 
tiqued rigorously.  Pushed  to  excel,  Koehl 
started  to  discover  her  own  intellectual  heft. 


ington,  she  rigged  her  electronic  equipment 
to  measure  the  water  flow  at  the  bottom  of 
the  channel  where  the  anemones  lived.  She 
was  puzzled  when  the  meter  registered  hard- 
ly any  flow  at  all. 

"When  it's  raining  and  the  waves  are 
crashing  and  there's  a  lot  of  salt  in  the  air, 
your  electronics  often  suffer,"  she  says.  She 
rechecked  her  equipment  before  realizing 
the  readings  were  correct:  The  animals  had 
flattened  themselves  into  inch-high  disks 
and  hidden  in  the  slower-moving  "bound- 
ary layer"  below  the  turbulent  waves.  As  a 
result  of  this  behavior,  she  says,  "these  sea 


mal's  design  can  affect  both  the  forces  it  en- 
counters and  the  way  it  reacts  to  those  forces. 

Koehl  was  working  at  the  border  of  two 
established  disciplines:  solid  mechanics  (the 
design  of  organisms),  which  was  Wain- 
wright's  specialty,  and  fluid  mechanics  (how 
those  organisms  interact  with  the  surround- 
ing air  and  water),  which  was  Vogel's. 

"Putting  the  two  together,  she  got  a  sys- 
tem to  tell  her  things  that  no  one  had  ever 
even  asked  before,"  Vogel  says.  Her  research 
"really  gave  you  the  picture  of  how  the 
anemone  was  making  it  in  the  world  that 
you  didn't  get  from  either  field  separately." 


Low  tide:  Green  sea 

anemones  like  those 

studied  by  Koehl  and 

ochre  sea  stars  in  Clallam 

Bay,  Washington  State; 

anthopleura  xantho- 

grammica,  below. 


"Wainwright  kicked  her  when  she  need- 
ed it  and  told  her  she  was  as  good  as  anyone 
in  the  world,"  says  Vogel. 

Wainwright  also  introduced  Koehl  to 
comparative  biomechanics,  a  then-emerg- 
ing field  that  uses  engineering  principles  to 
understand  living  organisms.  The  thought 
of  studying  the  literal  structure  of  life  ap- 
pealed to  her.  For  her  dissertation,  Koehl 
explored  how  giant  green  sea  anemones, 
whose  squishy  bodies  she  compares  to  water 
balloons,  manage  to  withstand  the  violent 
waves  of  the  Pacific  coast. 

Working  on  rocky  Tatoosh  Island,  Wash- 


anemones  are  living  in  a  microhabitat 
that's  much  more  protected  than  what 
you  would  think  if  you  just  stood  on  the 
shore  and  watched  the  waves  crash." 

What's  more,  she  learned,  the  anemones 
huddle  together.  "If  you  think  about  your- 
self standing  in  the  surf  with  a  bunch  of 
friends  around  you,  you  realize  that  maybe 
you're  protected  from  some  of  that  really 
rapid  flow,"  she  explains.  The  discovery 
provided  a  lesson  that  still  informs  Koehl's 
research:  If  you  want  to  understand  how  a 
creature  survives,  you  have  to  view  the 
world  as  that  creature  does. 

Following  up,  Koehl  analyzed  two  anem- 
one species  whose  different  body  shapes  al- 
low them  to  thrive  in  different  habitats. 
The  resulting  paper  showed  how  an  ani- 


KOEHL  DID  A  POSTDOCTORAL  FELLOWSHIP 

at  the  University  of  Washington's  Friday 
Harbor  Laboratories,  then  taught  at  Brown 
University.  In  1979,  she  joined  the  Berkeley 
faculty  and  turned  her  attention  to  new  ques- 
tions, including  one  that  had  long  vexed 
evolutionary  biologists,  and  still  does:  How 
did  insects  develop  wings  that  enable  them 
to  fly?  The  evolution  from  winglessness  to 
working  wings  presumably  entails  interme- 
diate generations  with  stubby  wings  that  are 
too  short  for  flight.  Why  would  nature  select 
for  useless  stubs  over  no  wings  at  all? 

But  what  if  the  short  wings  served  anoth- 


56 


ivvw.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


changing  shape.  Whether  such  "functional 
shifts"  were  possible  had  been  a  hot  debate 
in  Charles  Darwin's  time,  and  Koehl  and 
Kingsolver  were  weighing  in  more  than  a 
century  later. 

Koehl  emphasizes  that  her  conclusions 
are  not  definitive.  "Without  a  time  ma- 
chine, we  can  never  know  whether  that  oc- 
curred," she  says.  Instead,  what  made  the 
research  extraordinary  was  the  suggestion 
that  simply  by  growing,  a  body  part  can  take 
on  a  whole  new  use.  "Nobody's  ever  thought 
about  how  size  change  could  lead  to  a  novel 
function,"  she  says.  "One  of  the  questions 
you  worry  about  a  lot  in  evolutionary  biolo- 
gy is,  Where  does  novelty  come  from?  And 
we're  saying,  'Here's  a  really  simple  mecha- 
nism for  generating  novelty  that  nobody's 
really  talked  about  before.  So  you  ought  to 
think  about  it.' " 


er  purpose?  Could  they  have  worked  as 
parachutes  or  steering  rudders  even  if  they 
were  inadequate  for  flight?  Could  they  have 
served  as  tiny  solar  panels?  What  if  they 
made  an  insect  sexier?  These  competing  hy- 
potheses had  been  the  subject  of  a  lively 
debate  among  scientists. 

To  explore  this  question,  Koehl  teamed 
up  with  Joel  Kingsolver  '75,  another  Wain- 
wright  protege  who  was  now  a  postdoctoral 
fellow  in  her  lab.  Kingsolver,  who  had  stud- 
ied wings  as  solar  collectors,  knew  about  the 
debate.  "There  were  a  lot  of  ideas  that  had 
been  proposed,  but  people  hadn't  really  done 
anything  quantitative  with  it,"  he  says. 

The  Duke  alumni  decided  to  go  the  Mr. 
Potato  Head  route,  building  epoxy  models 
of  insect  fossils,  each  with  detachable  wings. 
(Kingsolver,  now  a  biology  professor  at  the 
University  of  North  Carolina  at  Chapel  Hill, 
says  he  loved  brainstorming  with  Koehl  about 
these  models.  Once,  he  recalls,  they  were 
talking  about  how  to  build  an  aquatic  in- 
sect. "Mimi  said,  'Oh!  You  need  something 
that  soaks  up  water,  holds  it  well,  and  wicks 
out  to  the  edges.  How  about  tampons?'  ") 

Adding  and  removing  wings  of  different 
sizes,  Koehl  and  Kingsolver  tested  their 
insects  in  a  wind  tunnel  and  under  a  heat 
lamp — a  series  of  experiments  that  evolu- 
tionary theorist  Stephen  Jay  Gould  later 
called  "elaborate  and  elegant."  As  they  re- 
viewed the  data,  the  duo  came  to  detect  an 
evolutionary  two-step.  As  long  as  insect 
bodies  were  small,  their  proportionately  small 
wings  were  useless  for  flight,  but  they  had 
another  function:  The  longer  the  wing — up 

Could  insects'  wings  have  worked 

as  parachutes  or  steering  rudders? 
Could  they  have  served  as  tiny  solar  panels? 
What  if  they  made  an  insect  sexier? 


JUST  AS  THE  EPOXY  INSECTS  HELPED 
KOEHL  EXAMINE  THE  FUNDAMENTALS  OF 

flight,  Rasta  Lobsta  helped  her  study  the 
basics  of  smell.  Intuition  might  tell  us  that 
odor  molecules  move  in  clouds,  which  are 
most  concentrated  at  the  source  and  dis- 
perse as  they  move  away.  But  when  Koehl 
and  her  colleagues  shined  their  laser  through 
the  robotic  lobster's  tank,  they  saw  another 
pattern  entirely.  The  odor  plume  moved  in 


to  a  point — the  better  it  absorbed  the  sun's 
heat  and  therefore  helped  regulate  the 
insect's  body  temperature. 

If  evolution  eventually  produced  larger 
insect  bodies — the  fossil  record  is  unclear — 
the  wing  sizes  would  likely  have  kept  pace. 
Beyond  a  certain  length,  though,  the  insect 
gained  no  more  advantage  in  terms  of  ther- 
moregulation. That's  where  Part  2  of  the 
two-step  kicks  in:  About  the  same  time, 
Koehl  hypothesizes,  the  wings  were  finally 
long  enough  to  support  flight.  Thus,  a  body 
part  that  began  with  one  function  evolved 
to  take  on  an  additional  function  without 


filaments — long  stripes  that  remained  dis- 
tinct from  the  surrounding  water. 

The  Caribbean  spiny  lobster  sniffs  by 
flicking  its  antennules  in  two  distinct  mo- 
tions. During  a  rapid  downstroke,  Koehl  saw 
in  her  video,  the  lobster  gathers  a  new  sam- 
ple of  odor  stripes  in  the  sensory  hairs  of  its 
antennules,  and  also  sweeps  away  the  scent 
molecules  from  its  last  sniff.  A  slower 
upstroke  traps  the  smell  long  enough,  pre- 
sumably, for  the  animal  to  process  what  it's 
smelling.  Through  it  all,  the  shape  of  the 
odor  remains  intact.  Before  the  experiment, 
"nobody  knew  what  would  happen  when  an 


antennule  interacted  with  the  filament 
structure,"  Koehl  says.  "Would  it  get  all 
mushed  up?  Would  it  be  preserved?  What 
we  saw  is  that  all  those  stripes  of  odor  get 
preserved."  Scientists  still  need  to  figure  out 
what  the  lobster  does  with  all  that  informa- 
tion once  it  reaches  the  animal's  brain. 

Koehl  and  Koseff,  the  Stanford  engineer, 
published  their  findings  in  the  journal 
Science  in  2001.  For  Koehl,  this  was  just  the 
beginning.  She  is  now  studying  the  noses  of 
other  crustaceans  like  crabs  and  manta 
shrimp.  "We'd  like  to  study  enough  differ- 
ent kinds  ot  animals  to  tease  out  what  the 
basic  design  principles  are  for  making  a 
hairy  nose  that  will  catch  odors  in  the 
ocean,"  she  says.  "If  you  make  toothbrushy 
ones  like  crabs  have,  what  are  they  good  at? 
If  you  make  comblike  ones  like  manta 
shrimp  have,  what  are  they  good  at?  Or  do 
they  all  work  equally  well?" 

But  Koehl's  worklite  is  not  all  snifters  all 
the  time.  One  of  her  latest  curiosities  is 
Microraptor  gui,  the  feathered  dinosaur, 
which  scientists  say  evolved  long  after  early 
birds  veered  away  from  the  dinosaur  family 
tree.  The  discovery  of  the  thirty-inch-long, 
four-winged  animal  by  Chinese  scientists  in 
2003  has  given  fodder  to  researchers  debat- 
ing the  origins  of  bird  flight. 

"One  school  of  thought  is  that  these  little 
guys  were  running  away  from  the  predator, 
and  they're  flapping  their  arms  and  their 
feathers,  and  they  take  off,"  Koehl  says. 
"And  then  the  other  idea  is  that  they  were 
sitting  up  in  the  tree  or  on  a  cliff,  and 
they  jumped  off,  and  they  could 
glide  if  they  had  feathers.  What  I 
thought  would  be  a  fun  project  to  do 

with  teams  ot  undergraduates  would  be  to 
build  models  of  these  dinosaurs" — with 
feathers  that  can  be  placed  in  different  posi- 
tions or  removed  entirely — "and  put  them 
in  the  wind  tunnel  and  basically  do  what 
Joel  [Kingsolver]  and  I  did  for  insects."  Af- 
ter all,  she  says,  "What  kid  doesn't  like 
dinosaurs?" 

Koehl  hasn't  reached  any  definitive  con- 
clusions from  her  research  yet.  But  when 
she  does — well,  rack  up  another  victory  for 
Mr.  Potato  Head. 

Yeoman  is  a  freelance  writer  whose  work 
appears  in  On  Earth,  AARP  The  Magazine, 
ami  O,  The  Oprah  Magazine. 

Peek  in  Koehl's  lab;  watch  an  animated  cartoon 

explaining  her  work  on  sea  anemones: 

www.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     September-October  2008 


Books 


Kids  Rule!:  Nickelodeon  and  Consumer  Citizenship 

B;y  Sarah  Banet-Weiser .  Duke  University  Press,  2007.  296  pages.  $22.95,  paper. 


If  we  spent  the  first  eight  decades  of  the 
twentieth  century  building  up  the  great- 
est consensus  audience  of  all  time  through 
motion  pictures  and  network  radio  and 
television,  we've  spent  the  last  three  de- 
cades breaking  that  audience  into  smaller 
and  smaller  pieces  through  cable  television 
and,  more  recently,  the  Internet.  Since  the 
1980s,  American  mass  culture  has  been 
characterized  by  increasing  fragmentation, 
as  audiences  are  divided  into  ever  more  spe- 
cific demographic  categories. 

There  is  one  conspicuous  case,  however, 
in  which  this  process  has  been  reversed. 
Children's  television,  from  the  earliest  days 
of  network  broadcasting  to  the  age  of  cable, 
was  a  great  bastion  of  regionalism.  Although 
children  throughout  the  country  shared 
many  of  the  same  network  shows  on  Sat- 
urday morning  and  the  early  prime-time 
hours,  stations  in  every  major  city — and  lots 
of  smaller  markets  as  well — offered  local 
programming  for  kids  in  the  morning,  at 
lunch  time,  and  during  after-school  hours. 

From  the  late  1940s  through  the  1970s, 
children's  lives  were  marked  with  a  sense  of 
place  by  the  local  TV  shows  they  grew  up 
with.  Whizzo  the  Clown  (Kansas  City),  Gar- 
field  Goose  (Chicago),  Officer  Dan  (Atlan- 
ta), Mr.  Peppermint  (Dallas):  Most  of  these 
shows  were  low-budget,  lowbrow  concoc- 
tions of  cartoons,  puppetry,  bad  comedy,  and 
maybe  a  little  education,  but  they  an- 
nounced deep  regional  identity  in  an  in- 
creasingly homogenized  culture. 

The  emergence  of  cable  TV,  the  very 
agent  of  audience  fragmentation  in  nearly 
every  other  cultural  respect,  had  the  oppo- 
site effect  on  programming  for  children. 
Outlets  like  the  Disney  Channel  and  Nick- 
elodeon consolidated  and  centralized  kids' 
TV,  ultimately  bringing  to  a  close  the  era  of 
regional  fare  while  at  the  same  time  creat- 
ing a  national  (even  global,  to  some  extent) 
territory  of  children's  culture. 

Sarah  Banet-Weiser's  book,  Kids  Rule!: 
Nickelodeon  and  Consumer  Citizenship,  ex- 
quisitely reports  on  and  documents  the  rapid 


rise  and  spectacular  success  of  Nickelodeon, 
a  relatively  recent  entry  into  the  entertain- 
ment-industrial complex  that  has  managed 
to  define,  package,  market,  and  penetrate 
American  childhood  with  extraordinary  ef- 
ficiency. She  makes  a  convincing  argument 
that  Nickelodeon  is  more  than  just  a  cable 
TV  channel;  it's  a  lifestyle.  Through  TV 
shows,  movies,  new-media  content,  exten- 
sive merchandising,  and  even  a  theme  re- 
sort hotel,  Nickelodeon  has  created  a  com- 
forting and  appealing  cultural  space  where 
kids  feel  like  they  matter. 

At  the  heart  of  her  argument  is  the  no- 
tion of  consumer  citizenship.  The  book  is 
neither  an  indictment  against  consumer 
culture  nor  a  celebration  of  Nickelodeon's 
wild  corporate  success,  but  rather  an  exami- 
nation of  the  complexity  of  the  relationship 
between  youth  and  consumption.  Banet- 
Weiser  acknowledges,  with  refreshing  candor, 
that  to  "imagine  citizenship  existing  o'utside 
the  commercial  world  is  not  only  unrealistic 
but,  more  importantly,  it  is  limiting." 

"Indeed,  the  distinction  between  con- 
sumerism and  citizenship  is  spurious  from 
the  ground  up — in  the  United  States  there 
is  no  citizenship  outside  consumption,  and 
part  of  the  pleasure  of  consuming  is  that  the 
act  itself  constitutes  one  as  a  citizen,  some- 
one who  'matters'  in  this  particular  body 
politic  and  historic  moment." 

Of  particular  interest  are  the  chapters  on 
gender  and  race  in  Nickelodeon's  program- 
ming. From  Clarissa  Explains  It  All,  As  Told  By 
Ginger,  Rocket  Power,  and  The  Wild  Thorn- 
berries  to  The  Brothers  Garcia,  Dora  the  Ex- 
plorer,  Kenan  &  Kel,  and  He}  Arnold'.,  Nick- 
elodeon has  consistently  scheduled  pro- 
grams that  include  characters  that  are  more 
"positive"  representations  of  women  and 
people  of  diverse  ethnicity  than  those  por- 
trayed on  most  other  American  television 
outlets.  Indeed,  this  is  part  of  the  channel's 
marketing  strategy  and  corporate  aesthetic. 

The  most  fascinating  chapter,  though, 
examines  the  use  of  irony,  kitsch,  and  camp 
in  children's  television.  Banet-Weiser  de- 


scribes how  Nickelodeon's  programming  is 
often  "double-coded,"  containing  multiple 
levels  of  meaning  that  appeal  to  different 
audiences.  Although  Nickelodeon's  programs 
are  designed  for  viewers  between  the  ages  of 
about  five  and  fifteen,  many  of  them  are 
interesting  and  entertaining  to  audiences 
outside  that  core  demographic. 

No  self-respecting  kid  beyond  the  age  of 
eight  would  ever  admit  that  she  still  liked 
Mister  Rogers'  Neighborhood,  and  most  parents 
would  rather  die  than  have  to  listen  to  Bar- 
nes's theme  song  one  more  time.  This  is  not 
the  case  with  many  of  Nickelodeon's  series. 

Double-coding  threw  a  lot  of  bones  to 
older  siblings  and  adults,  who  often  contin- 
ued to  watch  Rugrats  or  The  Ren  &  Stimpy 
Show  or  The  Fairly  Odd  Parents,  even  after 
the  seven-year-olds  had  left  the  room.  As  a 
college  professor,  I  can  confirm  the  claims 
made  by  late-night  comedians  that  Sponge- 
Bob  SquarePants  episodes  once  served  as  the 
entertainment  focus  of  college  fraternity 
parties. 

The  very  fact  that  older  sisters  and  broth- 
ers like  these  shows  surely  enhances  greatly 
their  appeal  to  the  little  squirts  they're  actu- 
ally aimed  at.  Many  of  the  people  who  might 
read  Banet-Weiser's  compelling  and  impor- 
tant book  might  also  have  enjoyed  a  lot  of 
the  programs  it  describes,  and  not  necessari- 
ly as  kids  or  even  with  them. 

— Robert  Thompson 


Thompson  is  founding  director  of  the  Bleier 
Center  for  Television  and  Popular  Culture  at 
Syracuse  University.  He  is  the  author  of  six 

books  about  television. 


58 


www.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


Pennsylvania  Avenue:  Profiles  in  Backroom  Power 

By  John  Harwood  '78  and  Gerald  F.  Seib.  Random  House,  2008.  272  pages.  $26. 


Some  years  back,  while  working  as  a 
reporter  at  the  Baltimore  Sun,  I  was 
pulled  aside  by  a  senior  editor  who 
asked  what  I  wanted  to  do  next.  I  had 
just  covered  Congressional  politics,  and  my 
next  move  wasn't  clear.  He  asked  me  to 
pitch  some  ideas. 

I  proposed  the  "hidden  hand"  beat.  It 
seemed  to  me  there  was  a  group  of  people  in 
and  around  Baltimore  who  quietly  set  the 
agenda  for  the  city.  I  wanted  to  know:  Who 
are  they?  What  happens  when  they  meet 
behind  closed  doors?  My  editors,  not  with- 
out reason,  figured  the  creation  of  that  beat 
would  trample  all  over  the  beats  of  other, 
equally  aerobic  reporters. 

Now  John  Harwood  of  The  New  York  Times 
and  CNBC  and  Gerald  F.  Seib  of  The  Wall 
Street  Journal  have  tackled  that  question  on 
a  much  larger  stage  in  Pennsylvania  Avenue: 
Profiles  in  Backroom  Power.  The  two  veteran 
political  reporters  glide  effortlessly  in  and 
out  of  the  antechambers,  law  offices,  bars, 
and  even  BlackBerrys  where  decisions  with 
far-reaching  consequences  are  made.  Their 
book  makes  for  a  worthy 
update  of  Hedrick  Smith's 
The  Power  Game  of  1990 
about  the  same  world  in  a 
very  different  era. 

Harwood  and  Seib  cat- 
alogue a  new  wave  of  in- 
fluence-mongers: spinners 
and  strategists,  back-room 
dealmakers  and  netroots 
activists,  a  rising  class  of 
private  investors  and,  to  the  authors'  disap- 
pointment, a  dwindling  number  of  public- 
minded  pragmatists. 

In  breezy  vignettes,  Harwood  and  Seib 
illustrate  and  lament  the  loss  of  the  cozy 
bipartisan  deal-making  that  characterized 
Washington  before  the  Republican  Revo- 
lution of  1994-  Above  all,  Pennsylvania  Ave- 
nue makes  the  case  that  Washington  runs 
on  the  principle  of  mutual  mistrust.  They 
say  that  explains  why  things  happen — and 
just  as  often,  why  they  don't. 


In  breezy  vignettes,  Harwood 
and  Seib  illustrate  and  lament 
the  loss  of  the  cozy  bipartisan 
deal-making  that  characterized 
Washington  before  the 
Republican  Revolution  of  1994. 


Take  the  case  of  Congressman  Christo- 
pher Van  Hollen  of  Maryland,  a  rising 
Democratic  star.  Van  Hollen  convinced 
some  Republicans  to  buck  their  party  lead- 
ers to  support  his  legislation  to  restrict  fed- 
eral contracting  as  a  way  of  protecting  the 
jobs  of  government  employees.  But  because 
he  led  the  effort  to  raise  money  for  Demo- 
cratic House  candidates,  Van  Hollen  marked 
for  defeat  some  of  those  very  same  moderate 
Republican  lawmakers. 

"With  the  two  parties  nearly  equally  di- 
vided," Harwood  and  Seib  write,  "both  have 
concluded  that  unstinting  partisanship  ...  is 
the  only  rational  approach  for  both  sides." 
The  result,  they  add,  "is  a  long  chain  of  un- 
resolved grievances  that  is  now  nearly 
impossible  to  untangle." 

In  Washington,  many  people  happily 
exploit  those  grievances.  Pennsylvania  Avenue 
opens  with  the  implosion  of  a  plan  for  a 
well-respected  company  from  Dubai  to  take 
over  terminal  operations  at  some  U.S.  sea- 
ports. Lobbyists  for  an  American  firm  saw 
an  opening  to  reverse  the  decision  by  publi- 
cizing the  connection  to 
the  Arab  world.  Congres- 
sional Democrats  wielded 
the  issue  against  a  shaky 
administration.  Nervous 
Republicans  rebelled.  The 
well-connected  and  prag- 
matic deputy  treasury  sec- 
retary, Robert  Kimmitt, 
could  have  safely  brought 
the  plan  into  harbor  in 
an  earlier  era.  This  is  no  longer  that  era. 

These  days,  the  authors  see  greater  hope 
— and  influence — bubbling  up  outside  gov- 
ernment. They  point  to  dealmakers  like 
Andy  Stern,  the  head  of  the  nation's  largest 
service-workers  union  and  a  frequent  critic 
of  corporate  executives.  Stern  nonetheless 
fashions  policy  proposals  in  concert  with 
industry  leaders,  when  he  can,  in  ways  that 
help  his  members  and  pressure  public  offi- 
cials into  action.  David  Rubenstein  '87, 
founder  of  the  private  equity  investment 


PENNSYLVANIA 

AVENUE 

^PROFILES 

BACKROOM 
POWER 

JOHN  HARWOOD  AND  GERALD  F.  SEIB 

ol  THE  HE H  10U  TIMES  and  THE  WILL  STREET  lOHSHAL 


firm  The  Carlyle  Group,  derives  a  different 
form  of  influence.  The  former  aide  to  Presi- 
dent Jimmy  Carter  realized  that  when  ma- 
jor figures  in  politics  and  high  finance  col- 
lude, there  is  a  fortune  to  be  made,  and 
Rubenstein's  firm  has  redefined  the  way 
Washington  conceives  of  commerce. 

Harwood  and  Seib  are  known  as  careful 
chroniclers  of  Washington.  At  times,  they 
show  arresting  restraint.  They  call  the  Iran- 
Contra  scheme  "a  clever  way  around  a  ban 
Congress  had  imposed  on  aiding  the  Con- 
tras."  Sure,  it  skirted  that  ban.  Or,  one  could 
note,  it  broke  the  law  and  the  Democrat- 
turned-Republican  being  lionized,  Elliott 
Abrams,  was  found  guilty  of  unlawfully  with- 
holding information  from  a  Democrat-dom- 
inated Congress.  Abrams  was  pardoned  by 
President  Bush's  father.  He  was  hardly  a  by- 
stander in  partisan  skirmishes. 

Two  other  quibbles:  Some  sketches  of 
better-known  figures,  such  as  political  strat- 
egist Karl  Rove  and  MoveOn.org  chief  Eli 
Pariser,  felt  relatively  cursory.  And  I  could- 
n't help  wishing  for  a  bit  more  behind-the- 
scenes  insight  from  these  skilled  reporters 
into  the  Bush  administration's  pivotal  deci- 
sions on  the  war  in  Iraq,  spying,  and  inter- 
rogation techniques. 

Yet  readers  finish  Pennsylvania  Avenue 
with  a  far  more  textured  understanding  of 
how  the  government  works.  Like  a  Con- 
gressional page  whisking  Washington  visi- 
tors inside  the  Senate  chamber,  Harwood 
and  Seib  provide  a  tantalizing  glimpse  into 
Washington  life — but  they  steer  you  behind 
the  scenes,  too. 

— David  Folkenflik 
Folkenflik  is  the  media  correspondent  for 
National  Public  Radio. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     September-October  2008 


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"I  could  see  myself  at  Duke." 


CORY    MASSARO    T' 


Heel  break:  A  couple  sits  one  out  during  a  1961  campus  dance. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     September-October  2008  61 


Alumni  Registe 


Distinguished  Alumnus 

It's  hard  to  imagine  current-day  Duke 
without  the  influence  of  Roy  Bostock. 
Likewise,  it's  hard  to  imagine  Roy  Bos- 
tock's  life  without  the  influence  of  Duke. 

Perhaps  the  most  obvious  sign  of  Bos- 
tock's  contributions  to  the  campus  is  the 
five-story  Bostock  Library,  dedicated  in  the 
fall  of  2005.  It  boasts  several  large  reading 
rooms,  group  study  rooms,  and  informal 
seating  areas,  as  well  as  wireless  Internet 
and  more  than  ninety  computer  worksta- 
tions. The  library  is  named  for  Bostock  '62 
and  his  wife,  Merliee  Huser  Bostock  '62; 
their  children,  Victoria  Bostock  Walters  '85, 
Matthew  Franklin  Bostock  '91,  and  Kate 
Bostock  Shefferman  '94,  M.B.A.  '02;  and 
several  members  of  their  extended  family 
who  are  also  Duke  alumni. 

In  naming  the  new  library  after  the  fami- 
ly, Duke  was  recognizing  the  generous  fi- 
nancial support  and  years  of  volunteer  lead- 
ership service  associated  with  the  Bostocks. 
Roy  Bostock,  who  served  two  terms  on 
Duke's  board  of  trustees,  beginning  in  1991, 
is  the  newest  recipient  of  another  Duke 
honor — the  Distinguished  Alumni  Award, 
to  be  presented  during  Founders'  Day  cere- 
monies on  October  2. 

Established  in  1983  as  the  highest  honor 
granted  by  the  Duke  Alumni  Association, 
the  award  is  given  to  alumni  who  have 
made  significant  contributions  in  their  own 
fields,  in  service  to  the  university,  or  for  the 
betterment  of  humanity.  Bostock  was  se- 
lected from  nominations  made  by  Duke 
alumni,  faculty  members,  trustees,  adminis- 
trators, and  students. 

An  English  major  who  graduated  with 
Phi  Beta  Kappa  honors,  Bostock  played  foot- 
ball and  baseball  at  Duke.  Baseball  has  been 
a  part  of  Bostock's  life  since  his  days  as  a 
Little  Leaguer.  During  his  years  at  Edina 
High  School  in  Edina,  Minnesota,  he  was 
twice  named  to  the  All-State  Team.  Today 
he  is  co-owner  of  the  Greenville  Drive,  a 
Class  A  affiliate  ot  the  Boston  Red  Sox. 


After  Duke,  Bostock  went  on  to  earn  an 
M.B.A.  at  Harvard  University.  For  almost 
four  decades,  he  worked  in  the  advertising 
business,  including  ten  years  as  chairman 
and  chief  executive  officer  of  D'Arcy  Masius 
Benton  &.  Bowles  and  its  successor  compa- 
ny, The  MacManus  Group,  a  global  commu- 
nications-services company.  He  then  spent 
two  years  as  chairman  of  B/Com3  Group 
Inc.,  one  of  the  world's  leading  advertising 
and  communications  holding  companies. 

Bostock  founded  and  chairs  Sealedge  In- 
vestments, a  private  equity  investment  firm, 
and  serves  on  the  board  of  Morgan  Stanley. 
He  also  chairs  the  boards  of  the  Northwest 
Airlines  Corporation  and  Yahoo!  Inc.  and  is 
a  former  trustee  of  the  U.S.  Ski  and  Snow- 
board Foundation  and  Manhattanville  Col- 
lege in  Purchase,  New  York. 

Applying  his  advertising  expertise  in  other 
realms,  he  has  been  chairman  of  the  Part- 
nership for  a  Drug-Free  America,  a  national 
nonprofit  organization  that  oversees  the 


development  of  advertising  and  communi- 
cations programs  to  encourage  teens  to  lead 
healthy,  drug-free  lives. 

As  a  Duke  trustee,  Bostock  was  chair  of 
the  business  and  finance  committee  and  a 
member  of  the  executive  committee.  His 
other  contributions  as  a  Duke  volunteer  have 
been  myriad.  Among  other  things,  he  has 
served  on  the  Fuqua  School  of  Business 
board  of  visitors,  been  a  director  of  the 
Duke  University  Health  System,  and  co- 
chaired  the  Presidential  Council  that  was 
set  up  to  advise  the  president  in  the  wake  of 
the  lacrosse  incident. 

He  has  also  been  a  member  of  the  Fi- 
nancial Aid  Initiative  development  com- 
mittee, the  Fuqua  School  campaign  steering 
committee,  the  executive  committee  of  the 
Annual  Fund,  and  the  New  York  Executive 
Leadership  Board  and  Development  Coun- 
cil. He  has  chaired  two  major  search  com- 
mittees for  Duke:  for  the  medical  center 
vice  chancellor  and  the  athletics  director. 


GO  BEYOND  THE  PRINT 


Get  links  to  online  content  related  to  Register  stories:  www.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


www.dukemaea2ine.duke.edu 


Run,  Terry,  Run:  1972  Democratic  presidential  candidates,  top  photo,  left 

to  right, Tom  Eagleton,  Hubert  H.  Humphrey,  Shirley  Chisholm,  George  McGovern, 

Henry  "Scoop"  Jackson,  Ed  Muskie,  and  Sanford;  below,  supporters  in  Miami. 


RETROSPECTIVE 


Selections  from 
University  Archives 

s  this  fall's  presidential 
campaign  gets  into  high 
gear,  alumni  of  the  early 
1970s  will  recall  the  1972 

and  1976  Democratic  primaries, 
when  Terry  Sanford  tried  to  project 
himself  from  the  Duke  presidency 
to  the  presidency  of  the  U.S.  A  for- 
mer governor  of  North  Carolina 
(1961  to  1965)  and  Democratic 
Party  leader,  Sanford  would 
become  one  of  the  guiding  forces 
behind  the  creation  of  "super  dele- 
gates"— a  group  often  in  the  news 
during  the  recent  primary  season. 


After  retiring 

from  Duke  in  1985, 

he  was  elected  to  the  U.S.  Senate, 

serving  from  1986  to  1992. 

Reactions  on  campus  to 
Sanford's  presidential  run  were 
mixed.  Some  felt  his  full  attention 
should  be  on  Duke,  while  others 
thought  the  national  exposure 
helped  the  university.  Just  three 
years  into  his  term  as  Duke  presi- 
dent when  he  made  his  1972 
run,  Sanford  did  not  receive  the 
support  he  expected  from  North 
Carolina  Democrats  and  fell  far 
short  of  his  goal. 

His  1976  attempt  was  well 
organized  and  had  better  local  sup 
port,  including  a  Citizens  Com- 
mittee formed  in  1974  as  Sanford 


investigated  his  prospects.  In  June 
of  1975,  Sanford  announced  his 
candidacy  and  arranged  to  take  a 
six-month  leave  from  Duke  in  order 
to  start  his  campaign  the  following 
January. 

Unfortunately,  Sanford's  run 
ended  almost  before  it  could  get 
started.  While  campaigning  in  New 
England  shortly  after  Christmas, 
Sanford  developed  severe  chest 
pains  and  had  to  be  hospitalized. 
He  was  flown  back  to  Duke  Medical 
Center  and  treated  for  a  heart  mur- 
mur. On  January  25, 1976,  Sanford 


withdrew  from  the  race  and  returned 
to  Duke  full  time. 

The  university  benefited  from  his 
return,  adding  more  than  twenty- 
five  buildings  and  undertaking  a  suc- 
cessful fundraising  campaign  over 
the  course  of  his  tenure.  In  addition, 
Sanford  increased  the  role  of  stu- 
dents in  campus  governance,  adding 
student  representatives  to  more  than 
fifty  committees,  as  well  as  to  the 
board  of  trustees. 
— Tim  Pyatt  '81,  University  Archivist 

www.lib.duke.edu/archives 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     September-October  2008 


Duke  Alumni  Association 

Board  of  Directors,  2008-09 

President:  Ann  Pelham  74 

Secretary-Treasurer:  Sterly  L.  Wilder  '83 

Past  President:  Thomas  C.  Clark '69 

Vice  Presidents: 

Matthew  F.  Bostock  '91,  Ann  Wooster  Elliott  '88 

Amy  Schick  Kenney  '96,  M.E.M  '98,  Anne  DeVoe  Lawler  75, 

(armichael  Roberts  Jr.  '90,  Ph.D.  '95,  Hardy  Vieux  '93 

DukeMagazine  Editorial  Advisory  Board  representative: 

Sarah  Hardesty  Bray  72 

Directors-at-large: 

Nelson  C.  Bellido  '89,  D.  Michael  Bennett  77 

Emily  Busse  Bragg  78 

Julie  Borger  Ferguson  '81 

Artyn  Haig  Gardner  73,  William  T.  Graham  '56 

Stacey  Maya  Gray  '95,  Peter  C.  Griffith  78 

Roseann  Viscomi  Hassey  '83,  Jeffrey  C.  Howard  76 

Theodore  J.  Humphrey  II  B.S.M.E.  '62 

Jeremiah  0.  Norton  '00 

Lee  H.  Roberts  '90,  Suzanne  M.  Rose  '94 

John  D.  Ross  Jr.  '92,  Dawn  M.  Taylor  '89 

MelviaL  Wallace '85,  James  V.Walsh  74 

Samuel  W.Wang '86 

Professional  school  representatives: 

Carmichael  Roberts  Jr.  '90,  Ph.D.  '95 

Graduate  School  of  Arts  and  Sciences 
Wyman  Fraser  Davis  '87,  M.Div.  '95,  Divinity  School 
Elizabeth  W.  Parker  M.B.A.  '85,  Fuqua  School  of  Business 
Amy  Schick  Kenney '96,  M.E.M. '98 

Nicholas  School  of  the  Environment 
Timothy  R.  Davis  B.S.E.  '92,  Pratt  School  of  Engineering 
J.  Porter  Durham  Jr.  '83,  J.D.  '85,  School  of  Law 
William  Cooke  Andrews  Jr.  76,  M.D.  '80,  School  of  Medicine 
Martha  Cohn  Romney  B.S.N.  77,  School  of  Nursing 
Michael  J.  Schwartz  M.H.A.  71,  J.D. '82, 

Graduate  Program  in  Health  Administration 
Holly  Eggert  Duchene  D.P.T.  '03, 
Graduate  Program  in  Physical  Therapy 
Faculty  representatives: 

Thomas  W.  Robisheaux  74,  Associate  Professor  of  History 
James  N.Siedow, 

Professor  of  Biology  and  Vice  Provost  for  Research 
Student  representatives: 
Alethea  Duncan  G  '12, 

President,  Graduate  and  Professional  Student  Council 
Honorary  members: 

N.  Allison  Haltom  72,  William  E.  King  '61,  A.M.  '63,  Ph.D.  70 
Suzanne  J.  Wasiolek  76,  M.H.A.  78,  LL.M.  '93 
Gerald  L.  Wilson  B.D.  '61,  A.M.  '68 


Presidents,  School  and  College  Alumni  Associations 

David  K.  Bucey  M.Div.  76  Divinity  School 

Robin  Tenkate  M.B.A.  '03,  Fuqua  School  of  Business 

Heather  Nixon  Stevenson  M.E.M. '83 

Nicholas  School  of  the  Environment 
Timothy  R.  Davis  B.S.E.  '92,  Pratt  School  of  Engineering 
Kodwo  P.  Ghartey-Tagoe  J.D.  '88,  School  of  Law 
Mary  E.  Klotman  76,  M.D.  '80  School  of  Medicine 
Connie  Bossons  Bishop  B.S.N.  75,  School  of  Nursing 
Michael  J.  Schwartz  M.H.A.  71,  J.D. '82, 

Graduate  Program  in  Health  Administration 
Holly  Eggert  Duchene  D.P.T. '03 

Graduate  Program  in  Physical  Therapy 


Living  Up  to  a  Legacy 

Arriving  home  from  a  short  vacation 
with  her  mother,  Catherine  Miller 
walked  into  her  house,  dropped  her 
bags,  and  checked  messages  on  the 
answering  machine.  One  was  from  Carole  Le- 
Vine  '86,  director  of  the  alumni  admissions 
program  of  the  Duke  Alumni  Association 
(DAA),  checking  to  make  sure  Miller  had 
received  a  FedEx  package.  Ripping  open 
the  seal,  Miller  found  a  letter  informing  her 
she  had  been  admitted  to  Duke's  Pratt 
School  of  Engineering  and  selected  as  the 
DAA  Alumni  Endowed  Undergraduate 
Scholar. 

"My  mom  and  I  jumped  up  and  down  in 
my  kitchen  and  screamed  in  excitement," 
recalls  Miller. 

Even  though  her  mother  graduated  from 
the  University  of  North  Carolina  at  Chapel 
Hill,  she  adds,  "I  could  just  tell  that  she 
wanted  me  to  end  up  here.  She's  always 
loved  Duke  as  well." 

Miller  becomes  the  third  person  in  her 
family  to  attend  Duke.  Her  father,  Andy 
Miller  73,  M.Ed.  79,  is  a  journalist  with  The 
Atlanta  Joumal-Coi-istimtion,  and  her  brother, 
John  Miller  '05,  is  a  researcher  and  writer 
for  Urban  Land  magazine. 


Despite  campus  visits  to  stay  with  her 
brother,  Miller  says  her  view  of  Duke  changed 
once  she  began  to  see  herself  as  a  prospec- 
tive student.  "I  wanted  a  school  that  has  a 
strong  engineering  program,  because  right 
now  I'm  leaning  toward  civil  engineering. 

"But  I  also  wanted  a  place  that  offered  a 
range  of  really  strong  programs,  in  case  I 
decide  not  to  pursue  engineering.  Duke  has 
so  many  stellar  academic  departments  that  I 
knew  I  couldn't  go  wrong." 

Miller  attended  St.  Pius  X  Catholic  High 
School  in  Atlanta,  where  she  was  a  staff 
writer  for  the  school  newspaper  and  editor 
of  the  literary  magazine,  Carpe  Diem.  She  was 
also  active  in  the  school's  theater  organiza- 
tion, performing  in  a  number  of  musicals 
and  comedies,  including  West  Side  Story, 
Oklahoma! ,  and  What  the  Bellhop  Saw. 

At  Duke,  she  plans  to  explore  her  dra- 
matic options  through  Hoof  'n'  Horn,  and 
her  creative-writing  talents  through  extra- 
curricular opportunities.  Ultimate  Frisbee  is 
also  a  lure,  if  time  allows.  With  a  first-se- 
mester course  load  that  includes  chemistry, 
engineering,  and  calculus  classes,  plus  their 
attendant  labs,  Miller  says  her  main  focus  at 
first  will  be  "getting  acclimated  to  college." 

Most  important,  she  adds,  "I'm  really 
hoping  to  live  up  to  the  Duke  name." 


•.Jukemagarine.duke.edu 


Founding  Father  of 
New  Journalism 

lay  Felker,  who  died  in  New  York  on 
July  1 ,  was  a  major  force  in  magazine 
journalism — including  this  maga- 
zine. Felker  '51  was  the  founding  ed- 
itor of  New  York  magazine.  He  was  also  the 
founding  chair  of  the  Duke  Magazine  Ed- 
itorial Advisory  Board,  a  position  he  occu- 
pied from  the  magazine's  beginnings,  in 
1983,  to  the  time  of  his  death.  In  that  role, 
he  helped  conceptualize  the  magazine's  mis- 
sion of  focusing  broadly  and  deeply  on  the 
world  of  ideas;  it  was  an  editorial  mission,  in 
.his  view,  that  reflected  the  intellectual  cur- 
rents of  a  major  research  university. 

Duke  awarded  him  an  honorary  degree  in 
1998;  he  also  received  the  Futrell  Award  for 
Excellence  in  Communications  and  Jour- 
nalism, given  by  the  Sanford  Institute's  De- 
Witt  Wallace  Center.  Duke  Magazine  hon- 
ored him  in  its  own  way,  with  a  staff  position, 
the  Clay  Felker  Fellow,  meant  for  an  aspir- 
ing journalist  with  unusual  promise.  Felker 
was  renowned  for  having  drawn  legions  of 
writers  into  the  journalism  profession. 

As  he  recalled  in  a  Duke  Magazine  profile 
published  in  1996,  his  interest  in  story- 
telling was  stirred  during  his  undergraduate 
days  at  Duke,  which  he  came  to — because 


Felker's  milieu:  The 
renowned  editor, 
shown  at  Village 
Voice  offices 
in  1976,  defined  the 
New  Journalism. 


he  liked  the  look  of  the  catalogue,  he  said — 
from  distant  Missouri.  In  the  library,  he 
happened  upon  some  bound  volumes  of  the 
Civil  War-era  Tribune,  and  he  found  himself 
gripped  by  the  narrative  power  of  the  re- 
porting. He  became  editor  of  The  Chronicle, 
earnestly  committing  the  newspaper  to  per- 
forming "public  service." 

After  graduating,  he  began  with  Life  mag- 
azine as  a  sports  writer.  Soon  he  found  him- 
self on  the  development  team  for  a  new 
sports  magazine,  which  would  take  the  name 
Sports  Illustrated.  Then  came  a  stint  at  Esquire, 
whose  pages  saw  some  of  the  earliest  expres- 


sions of  the  New  Journalism  that  infused 
newspaper  and  magazine  writing  with  the 
techniques  of  fiction  such  as  scene-setting 
and  dialogue. 

Then  in  1963,  Felker  became  a  consult- 
ant to  the  New  York  Herald  Tribune;  later  he 
was  named  editor  of  the  paper's  Sunday  sup- 
plement, called  New  York.  "Sunday  supple- 
ments were  junk,  with  the  possible  exception 
of  The  New  York  Times  Sunday  Magazine, 
which  was  merely  boring,"  Tom  Wolfe — 
one  of  the  Felker-nurtured  writers — told 
Duke  Magazine. 

After  a  few  years,  the  paper  folded.  Felker 


FELKER  REMEMBERED 


"Clay  Felker's  own  rock  stardom  as  a  media 
pioneer ...  endures.  It  doesn't  matter  that  he  did 
his  great,  seminal  work  way  back  when.  So  did 
Bob  Dylan  and  Brian  Wilson  and  Paul  McCartney. 
During! 

(and  much  ot  the  rest  of  mainstream  media) 
thoroughly  Felkerized  itself.  Practically  every 
species  of  insidery,  smart-ass  V"-1- 
carries  bits  of  his  DNA.  He  permanently  trans- 
formed his  white-hot  corner  of  the  world." 


lamhavingahugeargun 


"[Clay  Felker  was]  an 
exceptional  editor 
who  could  walk  into  a 
delicatessen  and  walk  out 
with  a  front-page  story." 

-DAN  DORFMAN 

IN  THE  NEW  YORK  TIMES, 

JULY  3,  2008 


loves  to  learn  even  more  than  he  loves  to  win;  and  c)  i 
if  he  never  admits  that  I've  won,  I'll  know  it  when  I  over 
hear  him  usina  mv  argument  on  someone  else." 


-GLORIA  STEINEM  IN  CALIFORNIA, 

UNIVERSITY  OF  CALIFORNIA  AT  BERKELEY, 

MAY-JUNE  2005 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     September-October  2008 


Circles  of  influence:  Felker  with  Tom 
Wolfe,  and  with  wife,  writer  Gail  Sheehy. 


worked  to  sustain  the  magazine  as  an  indepen- 
dent publication.  Unlike  the  stale  or  shallow 
supplements  derided  by  Wolfe,  New  York  be- 
came a  trendsetter,  the  first  city  magazine. 

Felker  didn't  just  sustain  the  magazine, 
though.  He  managed  to  capture  the  essence 
of  a  raw  and  restless  city  during  a  time  of 
massive  cultural  transformation.  And  he 
conceived  a  novel  editorial  formula.  The 
magazine  combined  service-mindedness — 
how  to  avoid  the  store  with  the  rudest 
clerks  in  the  city,  for  example — and  trend 
reporting,  including  the  cultural  elite's 
inadvertent  contributions  to  the  urban  the- 
ater of  the  absurd.  Among  the  most  famous 
of  its  pieces  was  a  searing  account  of  ce- 
lebrity conductor  Leonard  Bernstein's  gen- 
teel cocktail  party  for  the  Black  Panthers, 
Wolfe's  "Radical  Chic." 

"New  York  magazine  was  not  market-driv- 
en, it  was  Clay  Felker-driven,"  Wolfe  ob- 
served in  the  Duke  Magazine  story.  "It  was 
Clay's  view  of  the  world.  In  New  York  maga- 
zine, Clay  really  wrote  an  enormous  novel 
about  the  city.  He  had  a  lot  of  collaborators 
and  writers.  But  it  was  his  vision,  his  plot — 
a  huge  novel  called  The  City  of  Ambition." 

One  of  Felker's  chief  collaborators  at  New 
York  was  designer  Milton  Glaser.  In  the 
Duke  Magazine  profile,  Glaser  is  quoted  as 
saying  that  Felker  brought  to  New  York  the 
curiosity  of  "a  perpetual  outsider."  As  he  put 
it,  "It  didn't  matter  what  the  subject  was.  It 
could  be  politics,  it  could  be  food,  it  could 
be  subway  construction — he  had  this  uni- 
versally astonished  attitude  toward  every- 
thing that  fell  within  his  purview." 


The  City  of  Ambition,  a.k.a.  New  York,  came 
crashing  down  in  1976,  when  the  magazine 
fell  to  Rupert  Murdoch  in  a  hostile  take- 
over. Time  magazine,  in  a  cover  story,  re- 
ferred to  "The  Battle  of  New  York."  It  docu- 
mented the  back-and-forth  with  a  drama 
reminiscent  of  the  Civil  War  reporting  that 
long  ago  had  captured  Felker's  interest. 

After  the  New  York  era,  Felker  returned 
to — in  fact,  acquired  ownership  of — Esquire. 
He  had  to  let  it  go,  though,  with  the  col- 
lapse of  an  effort  to  expand  circulation  and 
increase  frequency.  Other  relatively  short- 
lived ventures  into  publications  followed: 
the  Daily  News;  Manhattan  Inc.,  a  magazine 
that  trumpeted  the  business  leader  as  the 
icon  of  a  new  Gilded  Age;  Adweek,  a  well- 
regarded  trade  publication;  U.S.  News  & 
World  Report;  and  East  Side  Express,  an  alter- 
native newsweekly.  He  also  worked  as  a 
producer  at  Twentieth  Century  Fox. 

His  greatest  production,  though,  would 
remain  New  York.  That  and  the  seeding  of 
the  journalism  profession.  Among  the  many 
notables  whose  careers  he  helped  launch,  in 
addition  to  Wolfe,  are  Gloria  Steinem, 
whose  Ms.  magazine  originally  appeared  as 
a  supplement  in  New  York;  Aaron  Latham, 
whose  "Urban  Cowboy"  story  appeared  in 
Felker's  Esquire;  Ken  Auletta,  who  writes 


the  "Annals  of  Communications"  columns 
and  profiles  for  The  New  Yorker;  and  Gail 
Sheehy,  one  of  the  original  contributors  to 
New  York,  now  a  contributing  editor  to 
Vanity  Fair,  and  the  author  of  the  ground- 
breaking book  Passages.  Felker  and  Sheehy 
were  married  in  1984. 

Long  comfortable  in  the  role  of  editor  as 
teacher-mentor,  Felker  culminated  his  ca- 
reer teaching  magazine  journalism  at  the 
University  of  California  at  Berkeley.  He  took 
unabashed  pride  in  his  students'  class-pro- 
duced magazines,  written  around  themes 
like  the  meaning  of  modern  relationships 
that  could  be  richly  explored  in  a  California 
context. 

A  tribute  dinner,  held  in  New  York  in 
1995  to  inaugurate  the  Felker  Magazine  Cen- 
ter at  Berkeley,  drew  some  700  writers  and 
editors,  all  of  them,  to  one  extent  or  anoth- 
er, professional  proteges  of  Felker. 

Musing,  in  the  Duke  Magazine  profile, 
about  how  California — like  New  York — 
was  prime  territory  for  trend-spotting,  Fel- 
ker said,  "Journalism  is  very  often  about  the 
future."  It  was  a  fitting  observation  from 
someone  who  influenced  the  future  of  jour- 
nalism. 

— Robert].  Bliwise 

For  additional  coverage  of  Clay  Felker's 

life  and  career,  including  a  video  interview: 

www.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


"Clay  said  he  couldn't  pay  me,  but  he  said, 

"Appreciate  Clay  Felker?  It's 

'Trust  me,  this  will  be  good  for  you.'  1  was  a 

all  anyone  ever  did,  who 

Harvard  Business  School  graduate  and  1  thought 

wanted  anything  to  do  with 

I'd  do  a  business  career,  but  boy  he  gave  me  a 

magazines.  Was  it  emulation, 

voice.  He  gave  me  a  voice.  He  totally  changed 
the  course  of  my  life." 

ANDREW  TOBIAS  IN  THE  NEW  YORK 

or  was  it  envy,  or  was  it  a 
fantasy-working  for  the  per- 
fect place,  the  perfect  editor, 

-HANK  STUEVER 

IN  THE  WASHINGTON  POST, 

JULY  2,  2008 

, 

Leu  u  ie  New  Journalism  of  the  late  '60s: 
the  i 

layers  of  emotional  depth.  And  he  adopted  a  tone 
that  was  unapologetically  elitist,  indefatigably  trend 
and  proudly  provincial,  in  a  sophisticated,  Manhattan 


,'\v\v.dukemaga:ine.  duke.edu 


Book  Club: 

Online  and  Interactive 

Stepping  into  Rachel  Davies'  office, 
one  is  immediately  struck  by  the 
number  of  books  lining  her  walls.  It 
seems  only  fitting  that  the  architect 
behind  the  DukeReads  program,  an  online 
book  club  for  alumni,  would  leave  her  office 
decor  up  to  Shakespeare  and  Steinbeck. 

Now  in  its  second  year,  the  program  in- 
vites participants  to  read  seven  books  in 
seven  months,  corresponding  with  the  aca- 
demic year.  This  year's  selections  will  begin 
with  the  book  assigned  for  first-year  stu- 
dents' summer  reading,  Dave  Eggers'  What 
is  the  What,  and  include  everything  from 
New  York  Times  best  sellers  to  classic  litera- 
ture to  a  Tony  Award-winning  play. 

Each  book  is  chosen  by  a  Duke  professor 
or  administrator  who,  at  the  end  of  the 
month,  engages  in  an  online  discussion  of 
the  work  moderated  by  Frank  Stasio,  host  of 
The  State  of  Things  on  North  Carolina 
Public  Radio. 


Bookmarks 

DukeReads  2008-09:  selections, 
moderators,  and  dates. 


irWHATISTHE  WHAT 

by  Dave  Eggers,  the  summer  reading  selection  for 
first-year  students 

October:  IN  OUR  TIME  by  Ernest  Hemingway 
October  22:  Online  chat  with  Melissa  Malouf, 
associate  professor  of  the  practice  of  English  and 
director  of  the  Office  of  Undergraduate  Scholars 
and  Fellows 

November:  HOWARDS  END  by  E.M.  Forster 
November  19:  Online  chat  with  Judith  Ruderman 
Ph.D.  76,  vice  provost  for  academic  and  adminis- 
trative services  and  adjunct  professor  of  English 
January:  OUT  OF  AFRICA  by  Isak  Dinesen 
January  14:  Online  chat  with  Reynolds  Price  '55, 
James  B.  Duke  Professor  of  English 
February:  THE  TOWERS  OF 
TREBlZONDbyRoseMacaulay 
February  18:  Online  chat  with  Sam  Wells,  dean  of 
Duke  Chapel  and  research  professor  of  Christian 
ethics  in  the  divinity  school 
March:  THE  KNOWN  WORLD 
by  Edward  P.  Jones 

March  18:  Online  chat  with  Thavolia  Glymph, 
associate  professor  of  African  and  African-American 
Studies  and  history 
April:  COPEN- 
HAGEN 
by  Michael  Frayn 
April  22:  Online  chat  with 
R.Sanders  Williams  M.D. 
74,  senior  vice  chancellor 
for  academic  affairs  at 
the  medical  school 


Last  year's  inaugural  program  was  a  re- 
sounding success,  Davies  '72,  A.M.  '89  says, 
with  more  than  900  registered  users  and 
around  forty  tuning  in  each  month  for  the 
live,  streaming  broadcast  of  the  discussion. 
President  Richard  H.  Brodhead's  discussion 
of  The  Namesake  was  the  most-viewed  seg- 
ment last  year. 

Participants  are  encouraged  to  submit  ques- 
tions for  discussion  throughout  the  month 
leading  up  to  the  broadcast.  "We  want  to 
keep  education  alive  in  the  minds  of  Duke 


alums  around  the  world,"  Davies  says. 

Although  the  primary  aim  is  to  choose 
books  that  represent  a  wide  variety  of  disci- 
plines, book  selections  are  occasionally 
made  to  complement  other  programs  hap- 
pening around  campus. 

For  example,  E.M.  Forster's  Howards  End, 
slated  for  November,  ties  in  with  "Vision 
and  Design:  A  Year  of  Bloomsbury,"  an 
interdisciplinary,  on-campus  program  that 
begins  in  September,  and  an  exhibition  at 
the  Nasher  Museum  of  Art,  "A  Room  of 


Their  Own:  Bloomsbury  Artists  in  Ameri- 
can Collections,"  that  begins  in  December 
(seepage  18). 

The  online  discussions  will  be  available 
for  download  through  iTunes  U,  for  those 
who  won't  be  able  to  watch  them  live. 

— ]ames  Holcombe 
Register  for  DukeReads:  www.dukereads.com 

Learn  more  about  upcoming  Bloomsbury-related 
activities  on  campus:  www.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     September-October  2008 


Class  Notes 


WRITE:  Class  Notes  Editor,  Duke  Marine, 
Box  90572,  Durham,  N.C.  27708 

FAX:  (919)  681-1659  (typed  only,  please) 

E-MAIL:  dtikemaK@duke.edu 

(Include  your  full  name,  address,  and  class  year.) 

CHANGE  OF  ADDRESS:  Alumni  Records,  Box  90581, 
Durham,  N.C.  27708.  Please  include  mailing  label. 

E-MAIL  ADDRESS  CHANGES  TO:  hluedevil@duke.edu 

NOTICE:  Because  of  the  volume  of  class  note  material  we 
receive  and  the  long  lead  time  required  for  typesetting, 
design,  and  printing,  your  submission  may  not  appear 
for  three  to  four  issues.  Alumni  are  urged  to  include 
spouses'  names  in  marriage  and  birth  announcements. 
We  do  not  record  engagements. 

Half-Century  Club 

Nancy  Wenger  Kiehne  '46  was  featured  in  the 
March  issue  of  The  Artist's  Magazine  as  one  of  21 
;  showcased  in  "Splendid  Over  60." 


Indiana  University  School  ol  Public  and  Environ- 
mental Affairs,  effective  Aug.  1.  Previously,  he  was 
deputy  chair  ot  the  White  House  Office  of  Manage- 
ment and  Budget ,  founding  director  of  the  Center 
for  Risk  Analysis,  and  a  faculty  member  in  the 
department  of  health  policy  and  management  at 
Harvard  University. 

Barbara  Bell  Eshbaugh  '57  represented  Duke  3 
the  inauguration  of  Wilson  G.  Bradshaw  as  presiden 
of  Florida  Gulf  Coast  University. 

Hilliard  M.  Eure  III  '58  was  inducted  into  the 
Tampa  Bay  Business  Hall  of  Fame  in  March. 

April  17-19 


1960s 


April  17-19 

Gordon  Dalbey  '64  is  the  author  of  No  Small 
Snakes.-  A  Journey  Into  Spiritual  War/are,  a  memoir 
that  traces  his  quest  for  authentic  spirituality, 
beginning  during  his  service  as  a  Peace  Corps  volt 
i  rural  Nigeria.  A  former  high-school  teacher 
and  pastor,  he  now  writes  and  speaks  at  conference 


Your  Age:     60 

70 
80 


and  retreats  around  the  world.  He  lives  in  Santa 
Barbara,  Calif.,  with  his  wife  and  son. 

Edith  Fraser  '65  has  received  the  Lou  Campanelli 
Award  for  volunteerism  and  philanthropy  for  small 
business  from  SCORE,  a  nonprofit  group  that  provides 

William  B.  Lawrence  '68  was  elected  to  an  eight- 
year  term  on  the  judicial  council  of  the  Unired  Meth- 
odist Church.  The  council,  which  comprises  nine 
members,  considers  matters  of  church  law  and  consti- 
tutionality. He  will  continue  to  serve  as  dean  of  the 
Perkins  School  of  Theology  at  Southern  Methodist 
University,  a  position  he  has  held  since  2002. 

April  17-19 

Samuel  Johnson  '69,  J.D.  '72  received  the  Boy 
Scouts  Distinguished  Citizen  Award  for  his  dedicated 
service  and  leadership  to  the  people  of  Rocky  Mount, 
N.C.  He  shared  the  honor  with  his  wife,  Velma 
Johnson  '69. 

Velma  Johnson  '69  received  the  Boy  Scouts 
Distinguished  Citizen  Award  for  her  dedicated  serv- 
ice and  leadership  to  the  people  of  Rocky  Mount, 
N.C.  She  shared  the  honor  with  her  husband, 
Samuel  Johnson  '69,  J.D.  72. 


When  you  make  a  gift  of  $  1  0,000  or  more, 
Duke  can  offer  you  (and/or  your  loved  ones) 
a  fixed  income  for  life.  A  charitable  gift  annuity 

also  generate  a  tax  deduction  and  can 
reduce  capital  gains.  Your  ages,  your  financial 
needs,  and  current  interest  rates  determine  the 
annuity  rate  Duke  can  offer.  Some  sample  rates: 


Annuity:   5.5%       Annuity  i 

6.1% 


ibject  to  change. 
7 . 6%        Once  your  gift  is 
ode,  the  annuity 
ite  remains  fixed. 


Your  Ages:   70/68     Annuity:  5.6% 

76/73  5.9% 

To  learn  more  about  life  income  gifts  and 
other  "tax-wise"  giving  opportunities,  visit 
giving.duke.edu/giftplanning  or  contact: 


Duke  University  Office  of  Gift  Planning 

2127  Campus  Drive,  Box  90600,  Durham,  NC  27708 

Phone  (919)681-0464 

Fax      (919)684-9731 

Email   gift.planning@dev.duke.edu 


.dukemagazine.duke.edi 


J.  Anthony  Manger  Jr.  '69  has  been  named  in 
New  Jersey  Super  Lawyers  2008.  Head  of  the  health- 
care group  at  Norris  McLaughlin  &  Marcus,  Manger 
has  practiced  health-care  law  for  more  than  20  years. 


1970s 

April  17-19 

Ronald  H.  Hoevet  J.D.  75  has  been  named  in 
The  Best  Lawyers  in  America  200S  tor  white-collar 
and  non-white-collar  criminal  defense.  A  sharehold- 
er and  founding  member  of  Hoevet,  Boise  &  Olson  of 
Portland,  Ore.,  he  has  been  named  to  Best  Lawyers 
every  year  for  more  than  20  years 

Jeffrey  T.  Wack  76  was  named  to  the  executive 
committee  of  the  board  of  the  National  Association 
of  Independent  Schools.  He  recently  resigned  his 
position  as  an  adjunct  faculty  member  at  Yale 
University  to  dedicate  more  time  to  his  marketing 
consulting  practice. 

Robert  T.  Crowder  B.S.E.  77  was  named  vice 
president  of  Gilbane  Building  Co.,  where  he  has 
worked  for  28  years.  He  lives  in  Los  Gatos,  Calif, 
with  his  wife  and  two  sons. 

Michael  L.  Eckerle  J.D.  77  was  named  in  Indiana 
Super  Lawyers  2008  in  the  area  of  business/corporate 
law.  He  is  chair  of  the  manufacturing  industry  team 
at  Bingham  McHale  in  Indianapolis. 

John  J.  Coleman  III  78,  J.D.  '81  was  named  in 
Alabama  Super  Lawyers  200.S,  voted  among  Alabama's 
top  50  lawyers  in  all  specialties.  A  fellow  in  the 
College  of  Labor  and  Employment  Lawyers  and  a 
partner  at  Burr  &  Forman's  office  in  Birmingham, 
Ala.,  he  has  been  named  to  The  Best  Lawyers  in 
America  for  1 5  years. 

David  B.  Snow  Jr.  78  co-chaired  the  National 

Medical  Fellowships  Award  Gala.  Based  in  New 
York,  National  Medical  Fellowships  is  a  nonprofit 
organization  that  works  to  improve  the  quality  of 
health  care  for  low-income  and  minority  communi- 
ties in  the  U.S.  He  is  the  chair  and  CEO  of  Medco 
Health  Solutions. 


30th  Reunion  April  17-19 

Frederick  Robinson  79,  J.D.  '82  has  been  named 
in  Washington,  D.C. ,  Super  Lawyers  2008.  He  leads 
the  health-lawyers  division  at  the  Washington-based 
law  firm  of  Fulbright  &  Jaworski. 
James  L.  Werner  79  has  been  named  in  South 
Carolina  Super  Lawyers  2008  in  the  field  of  construc- 
tion litigation.  He  practices  in  the  Columbia,  S.C., 
office  of  Parker  Poe  Adams  &  Bernstein. 

MARRIAGES:  William  H.  Trotter  Jr.  78 

to  Dorothy  Waterfill  on  June  2,  2007.  Residence: 
Charlotte. 

BIRTHS:  Twins,  first  daughter  and  first  son,  to  John 
Christopher  McGowan  77  and  Monica  Braga 
Ferreira  on  March  17,  2008.  Named  Christopher 
Braga  McGowan  and  Juliana  Ott  McGowan. 


MINI-PROFILE 

Judith  Varney  Burch  '58 , 
Inuit  art  expert 

A  recurrent  theme  in  Inuit 
art  is  the  relationship 
between  humans  and  the 
wilderness  of  North 
America's  Arctic  edge.  From  color- 
ful tapestries  depicting  fantastic 
scenes  of  shamanism  to  whale  ver- 
tebrae carved  into  totems,  the  art- 
work blurs  boundaries  between 
the  physical  and  spiritual  worlds. 
Judith  Burch  fell  in  love  with 
Inuit  art  more  than  two  decades 
ago.  Today,  she  owns  and  operates 
galleries  in  Nova  Scotia  and  Vir- 
ginia; curates  exhibits  at  museums, 
universities,  and  embassies  around 
the  world;  leads  educational  work- 
shops for  children  and  adults  on 
Inuit  people,  culture,  and  artwork; 
and  serves  as  a  research  collabora- 
tor for  the  Smithsonian  National 
Museum  of  Natural  History. 

After  growing  up  in  a  small 
town  in  Illinois,  she  arrived  at  Duke 
eager  to  expand  her  horizons.  She 
majored  in  sociology,  minored  in 
religion,  and  grew  committed  to 
service  as  president  of  the  YWCA. 
She  credits  Duke  for  fostering  her 
interest  in  creating  links  that 
bridge  cultures. 

"I  was  an  activist,"  says  Burch.  "I 
remember  going  to  meetings  about 
black-white  relations  and  desegre- 
gation." While  their  children  were 
still  young,  Burch  and  her  husband 
bought  a  second  home  in  Stone- 
hurst,  Nova  Scotia.  Burch  became 
interested  in  Inuit  art  work  on  dis- 
play around  town.  She  began  col- 
lecting pieces  here  and  there  and 
learning  all  she  could  about  the 
people  who  produced  them.  In  the 
ensuing  years,  she's  crisscrossed 
the  Canadian  Arctic,  sharing  con- 


versation and  caribou  sandwiches 
with  artists  who  have  become 
friends.  She  now  serves  on  a  plan- 
ning body  identifying  public-policy 
priorities  for  the  arts  of  Canada's 
Nunavut  Territory. 

Burch  says  that  she  is  motivated 
to  educate  people  about  Inuit  art 
because  it  represents  a  fragile  and 
disappearing  way  of  life.  "Most  of 
the  wall  hangings  have  been  done 
by  artists  who  are  getting  very 
old,"she  says.  Not  only  are  these 
"culture  keepers"dying  out,  but  the 
Inuit  territories  are  becoming 
endangered  by  global  warming,  a 
phenomenon  that  Burch  has  seen 
firsthand  in  her  travels. 

Burch  is  particularly  proud  of  a 
traveling  educational  exhibit  she 
organized  called  "Culture  on  Cloth" 
that  features  artists  from  a  tiny 
town  in  the  Nunavut  Territory.  The 
exhibit  began  in  Washington,  then 
headed  to  locations  in  Mongolia, 
China,  India,  Mexico,  Latvia,  Russia, 
Japan,  Korea,  and  Mexico.  It  was 
scheduled  to  open  in  Paris  in 


September  and  at  venues  in 
Germany  and  England  next  year.  In 
addition  to  giving  lectures,  Burch 
occasionally  conducts  workshops 
with  local  children,  who  craft  their 
own  culturally  specific  art  after 
viewing  and  learning  about  the 
Nunavut  artists. 

Creating  direct  connections 
through  art  is  what  matters  to  her 
most,  she  says.  She  acknowledges 
that  she  sometimes  turns  down 
buyers  who  seem  more  interested 
in  the  art  as  an  investment  than  in 
its  meaning  as  a  living  symbol  of 
the  Inuit  people.  Her  collections 
have  been  used  for  university  core 
curricula,  and  she  hopes  to  inspire 
others  to  preserve  works  of  art  as 
educational  resources."!  would 
rather  sell  collections  to  museums, 
where  they  can  be  on  view  for  many 
years  and  for  many  people  to  see." 
— Bridget  Booher 

For  more  on  Burch  and 

a  look  at  Inuit  art: 

www.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     September-October  2008 


1980s 


Stephen  Peters  Ph.D. '84, 
architectural  antiques 
supplier  and  building 
restorer 

When  Stephen  Peters 
bought  a  1907  fixer- 
upper  in  Durham,  he 
had  no  experience 
working  on  houses. 

"I'm  just  one  of  those  people 
who  thinks  they  can  do  anything," 
Peters  says.  "Anyway,  old  houses 
are  imperfect  to  begin  with." 

Peters,  a  native  of  southeast 
Michigan,  decided  to  stay  in  Dur- 
ham after  receiving  his  doctorate  in 
sociology  at  Duke. "I  like  living 
downtown,  being  in  an  urban  area, 
but  Michigan  was  a  traffic  night- 
mare," he  says.  "It  takes  forever  to 
get  anywhere.  Now  I  can  walk  and 
ride  a  bike,  though  I'm  in  my  car  far 
too  often." 

After  graduating,  Peters  worked 
as  a  researcher  for  Southeastern 
Educational  Improvement  Labora- 
tory, a  program  under  the  U.S. 
Department  of  Education.  His  fond- 
ness for  old  things  surfaced  when 
he  and  his  then-wife  bought  a  two- 
story  house  in  what  is  now  known 
as  the  Central  Park  section  of  Dur- 
ham. The  couple  later  restored 
another  old  house  in  Person  County. 

"We  didn't  do  it  to  make 
money,"  he  says.  "We  just  liked  old 
houses.  We  had  one  in  the  city  and 
one  way  out  in  the  country." 

When  federal  funds  dried  up  at 
work,  Peters,  having  already 
moved  to  part-time  consulting, 
decided  in  1995  to  go  into  the 
home-restoration  business  by 
opening  an  architectural  antiques 
store.  Since  then,  Stephen  Peters 
Design  Works  has  become  one  of 
the  area's  top  restoration  suppliers. 


For  building  restorers  and  reno- 
vators, designers,  and  architects,  a 
visit  to  Peters' 4,000-sq uare-foot 
showroom  and  warehouse  on 
Foster  Street  is  a  field  day.  They 
come  here  to  hunt  through  a 
chaotic  mix  of  stuff,  from  door- 
knobs from  the  late  1 800s  to  the 
doors  themselves,  and  from 
plumbing  fixtures  to  their  match- 
ing kitchen  sinks  and  bathtubs. 
Frame  windows,  wooden  flooring, 
and  miscellaneous  hardware  are 
hot  commodities  as  well. 

"I  deal  well  with  the  chaos," 
Peters  says.  "My  habit  is  to  have  a 
lot  of  issues  and  problems  and 
solve  them  and  get  things  neat  and 
tidy.  Then  they  explode  again,  and  I 
try  to  rein  them  in  again." 

Although  he  says  he  appreciates 
the  fact  that  he  is  giving  new  life  to 
old  things  that  otherwise  would 
end  up  in  the  landfill,  his  attraction 
to  the  business  comes  more  from 
the  design  side.  "Other  people 
might  be  more  interested  in  re- 
using and  recycling,  but  my  inter- 
est is  more  aesthetic.  It's  beautiful. 
It's  cool-looking." 

Early  on,  Peters  found  that  he 
needed  to  expand  his  business, 
and  he  now  provides  design  and 
restoration  services,  as  well  as 
items  for  sale.  "People  think  that  in 
this  business  you  get  it  for  free,  and 


you  sell  it  for  all  this  money,"  he 
says.  "First  of  all,  it's  not  free,  but 
also,  you  might  sit  on  something 
for  years  before  you  sell  it.  Turnover 
is  way  too  slow.  So  I  learned  pretty 
fast  that  I  couldn't  make  a  living 
just  buying  and  selling." 

A  booming  downtown  Durham 
has  kept  Peters  plenty  busy.  Not 
only  are  homeowners  restoring 
houses  and  converting  warehouse 
space  into  lofts,  but  commercial 
owners  are  also  plentiful  for  the 
first  time. 

One  of  his  recent  challenges  was 
to  restore  some  500  double-hung 
windows  in  the  Old  Bull  building, 
part  of  the  American  Tobacco  com- 
plex. The  building,  which  dates  to 
1874,  is  being  converted  into  office 
space,  loft  apartments,  and  condo- 
minium units. 

On  a  smaller  project,  Peters 
saved  a  tiny  part  of  Duke's  history 
while  doing  restoration  work  for 
Durham-based  documentary  film- 
maker Cynthia  Hill.  During  a  uni- 
versity renovation  project,  the  old 
doors  in  Kilgo  Quad  were  scrapped, 
he  says,  and  "a  bunch  of  them 
went  into  her  loft." 

— Diane  Daniel 


Daniel  is  a  freelance  writer  in  Durham. 


Richard  C.  Gaskins  Jr.  BSE.  80  has  been 
named  executive  director  of  the  Catawba  River- 
keeper  Foundation  after  23  years  as  a  lawyer  specializing 
in  the  environment.  The  foundation  aims  to  protect, 
advocate  for,  and  inform  the  public  about  North 
Carolina's  Catawba  River.  He  lives  in  Charlotte 
with  his  wife,  Bronwyn,  and  two  of  his  five  children. 
His  daughter,  Audrey  Gaskins,  graduated  from 
Duke  in  May. 

John  Hickey  J.D.  '80  was  elected  to  the  Florida 
Bar  board  of  governors.  A  trial  lawyer,  he  is  a  past 
president  of  the  Dade  County  Bar  Association. 

Mark  J.  Smalls  '80  was  appointed  senior  vice 
president  of  marketing  at  Opportunity  International, 
a  microfinance  organization.  He  previously  was 
managing  partner  at  T.  Bryce  Advisors,  a  marketing 
consulting  firm. 

Robin  Jayne  Stinson  '81  has  been  voted  presi- 
dent-elect of  the  North  Carolina  chapter  of  the 
American  Academy  of  Matrimonial  Lawyers.  The 
director  of  the  Winston-Salem  law  firm  Bell,  Davis  &. 
Pitt,  she  was  the  2007  recipient  of  the  James  E.  Cross 
Leadership  Award,  presented  by  the  North  Carolina 
Bar's  board  of  legal  specialization. 

Jeremy  Glaser  '82  has  joined  the  San  Diego 

law  office  of  Mintz,  Levin,  Cohn,  Ferris,  Glovsky 

and  Popeo. 

Alisa  Luxenberg  '82  is  the  author  of  The  Galerie 

Espagnole  and  the  Museo  National  1 835-1853:  Saving 
Spanish  Art,  or  the  Politics  uj  Patrimony,  a  critical  re- 
evaluation  of  the  Galerie  Espagnole,  a  special  collec- 
tion of  mostly  Spanish  paintings  assembled  during 
the  reign  of  Louis-Philippe  and  exhibited  in  the 
Louvre  for  10  years  beginning  in  1838,  published  by 
Ashgate  Publishing.  She  is  an  associate  professor  of 
art  history  at  the  University  of  Georgia. 

John  R.  Myers  M.Div.  '82  is  the  author  of  Expect 

Greater  Things:  Fulfilling  Your  God-gii'en  Potential  as 
a  Person  of  Faith,  published  by  Common  Thread 
Media.  A  minister  with  the  United  Methodist 
Church,  he  founded  Greater  Things  Enterprises 
in  1997  and  has  led  seminars  and  workshops  nation- 
wide. He  lives  in  Florida. 

Kathryn  L.  SchmitZ  '83  successfully  defended  her 
doctoral  dissertation,  "The  Academic  English  Literacy 
Acquisition  Experiences  of  Deaf  College  Students," 
at  the  State  University  of  New  York  at  Buffalo.  She 
received  her  Ph.D.  in  May.  In  2005,  she  was  granted 
tenure  at  the  Rochester  Institute  of  Technology. 

Reunion  April  17-19 

Deborah  Stone  Flannery  '84,  J.D.  '89  was 
honored  as  a  Phenomenal  Woman  of  North  Fulton, 
Ga.,  by  the  Ametican  Business  Women's  Association. 
She  is  president  of  InterVision  Group,  a  professional 
coaching  and  facilitation  company,  and  a  pattner  in 
GROWE,  an  organization  that  provides  mentoting 
for  entrepreneurs. 

Joel  H.  Levitin  '84  has  joined  the  New  York 
office  of  the  law  firm  Cahill  Gordon  &  Reindel  as 
a  partner.  His  practice  focuses  on  corporate  restruc- 
turing and  reorganization  matters  on  behalf  of 
troubled  companies. 

James  J.  Cowie  '86  was  named  senior  vice  presi- 
dent and  general  counsel  of  Cadence  Design  Systems, 
an  electronic  design  automation  software  company. 
With  the  company  since  2000,  he  was  pteviously 
corporate  vice  ptesident  for  business  development 


vww.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


an  J  associate  general  counsel.  He  and  his  wife, 

Elizabeth  Pennington  Cowie  '86,  live  in  Palo 
Alto,  Calif.,  with  their  three  daughters. 

Nancy  Hogshead-Makar  '86  was  appointed  the 
Title  IX  adviser  to  the  University  of  Colorado  at 
Boulder.  A  tenured  professor  at  Florida  Coastal 
School  of  Law,  she  is  a  past  president  of  the  Women's 
Sports  Foundation  and  currently  serves  as  its  legal 
adviser.  Her  co-authored  book,  Equal  Play:  Title  IX 
and  Social  Change,  was  released  at  the  end  of  2007. 

Timothy  G.  Marcum  M.H.A.  '86  was  honored  for 

exemplary  service  to  patients  by  the  Baptist  Hospital 
East  in  Louisville,  Ky.,  where  he  serves  as  the  hospi- 
tal's planning  director. 

Steven  T.  Wray  '86  was  selected  a  fellow  of  the 
Ford  Foundation  Regional  Sustainable  Development 
program.  He  is  executive  director  of  the  Economy 
League  of  Philadelphia. 

Lois  Brown  '87  is  the  author  of  Pauline  Elizabeth 
Hopkins:  Black  Daughter  of  the  Revolution,  a  biography 
of  a  pioneering  black  playwright,  journalist,  novelist, 
feminist,  and  public  intellectual.  Brown  is  associate 
professor  of  English  and  director  of  the  Weissman 
Center  for  Leadership  and  the  Liberal  Arts  at  Mount 
Holyoke  College. 

Timothy  A.  Hodge  Jr.  '87  has  joined  the  law 
firm  of  Miles  &  Stockbndge  in  Baltimore  as  a  partner. 

Peter  J.  Etnoyer  '88,  M.E.M.  '01  received  the 
David  S.  Johnson  Award  from  the  National  Oceanic 
and  Atmospheric  Administration.  The  award 
recognizes  young  scientists  tor  their  innovative  use 
of  environmental  satellite  data.  Etnoyer  is  a  graduate 
research  associate  at  Texas  A&M  University. 

Gregg  Hollenberg  '88,  M.B.A.  '92  is  COO  of 
National  Signs  Ltd.,  a  designer  and  manufacturer  of 
commercial  and  institutional  signage.  He  also  serves 
on  the  board  of  directors  of  the  Better  Business 
Bureau  and  the  Hermann  Park  Conservancy.  He  and 
his  wife,  Christine  Rangel  Hollenberg  '88,  live 
in  Houston  with  their  two  sons. 

20th  Reunion  April  17-19 

James  B.  Dolan  Jr.  '89  was  elected  chair  of  the 
Radnor,  Pa.,  Township  Zoning  Hearing  Board,  a 
quasi-judicial  body  that  conducts  legally  binding 
hearings  and  renders  decisions  on  appeals,  variances, 
and  special  exceptions  to  the  township's  zoning  ordi- 
nances. He  has  served  on  the  board  since  2004  and  is 
a  member  of  the  commercial  litigation  practice  group 
at  Cozen  O'Connor,  based  in  Montgomery  County,  Pa. 

Jonathan  M.  Kom  '89  was  appointed  vice  chair  of 
the  Supreme  Court  of  New  Jersey's  Committee  on 
Attorney  Advertising.  He  will  hold  the  position 
through  December.  Korn  is  a  lawyer  at  Blank  Rome. 

MARRIAGES:  Nancy  Sue  Baker  B.S.N.  '80 
to  Robert  Dietrich  on  Nov.  10,  2007.  Residence: 
Durham. .  .Susan  Coppedge  '88  to  Lorenzo  Amato 
on  May  12,  2007.  Residence:  Atlanta. 

BIRTHS:  First  child  and  daughter  to  Timothy  A. 
Hodge  Jr.  '87  and  Katharine  Weiskittel  on  July  30, 
2007.  Named  Elizabeth  Carolyn  Hodge. 


1990s 

Abner  L.  "Woody"  Holton  Ph.D.  '90  was 
named  a  finalist  for  the  National  Book  Award  for  his 
most  recent  novel,  Unruly  Americans  and  the  Origins 
of  the  Constitution,  which  details  the  role  of  poor 
farmers  and  state  governments  in  influencing  the  Bil 


Experience  all  the  pleasures  of  our  gracious 
Inn.  Shady  pine-scented  fairways.. .a  sparkling 
pool. ..elegant  guestrooms  and  four-diamond 
dining.  A  warm  welcome's  waiting  for  our 
friends  from  Duke. 


CAMERON    BLVD. 


Washington  Duke 
Inn  &  Golf  Club 

The  Inn  Turns 

«20* 


WASHINGTONDUKEINN.COM 


nr\ 


TWENTY  YEARS  OF  LEADERSHIP 

IN  TECHNOLOGY  AND  INNOVATION  MANAGEMENT 


EMTM 

EXECUTIVE  MASTER'S  IN  TECHNOLOGY  MANAGEMENT 


To  learn  more  and  meet  with  EMTM  faculty,  students  and  alumni,  please  joi 
upcoming  information  reception: 

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Register  online  at:  www.emtm.upenn.edu 

Or  call  215-898-2987  or  877-444-EMTM  (toll-free) 

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Perm 

Engineering 


^Wharton 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     September-October  2008 


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of  Rights.  A  professor  at  the  University  of  Richmond, 
he  lives  in  Richmond  with  his  wife,  Anne,  and 
daughter,  Beverly. 

Sara  W.  Higgins  '91  has  started  the  Higgins  Law 
Firm  in  Charlotte.  She  previously  practiced  law  for 
12  years  as  a  partner  and  associate  at  the  Charlotte 
office  of  Kennedy  Covington  Lohdell  &  Hickman. 
Her  new  practice  will  tocus  on  business  disputes,  civil 
litigation,  and  appellate  representation. 

Laura  Deddish  Burton  '92  served  as  a  panelist 
on  the  topic  of  "Immigration,  Law,  and  Ethics"  at 
Meredith  College  in  Raleigh,  part  of  the  inaugural 
event  for  the  college's  Center  for  Women,  Ethics  and 
Public  Life.  She  is  a  board-certified  immigration  spe- 
cialist and  lawyer  at  Smith  Moore  in  Greensboro. 

Adrian  E.  Dollard  '92,  J. D.  '95  is  among  the 
founders  of  the  Qatalyst  Group,  a  technology-focused 
merchant  bank  in  San  Francisco.  Qatalyst  Partners, 
its  investment-hanking  business,  will  provide  high- 
end  merger-and-acquisition  and  corporate-finance 
advice  to  technology  companies  worldwide. 

Caroline  Biitzek  '93  has  moved  to  the  New  York 
office  of  Vinson  &  Elkins,  following  an  expansion 
of  the  law  firm.  She  has  been  recognized  twice  by 
Texas  Monthly  magazine  as  a  Rising  Star  and  focuses 
her  practice  on  private  equity  and  mergers  and 
acquisitions. 

Celia  E.  Naylor-Ojurongbe  A.M.  '93,  Ph.D.  '97 
is  the  author  of  African  Cherokees  in  Indian  Territory: 
From  Chattel  to  Citizens,  which  details  the  history  of 
enslaved  and  free  African  Cherokees  forcibly  removed 
from  theit  homes  in  the  1830s  and  resettled  on  teser- 
vations  in  the  Oklahoma  Territory.  Naylor  is  an  assis- 
tant professor  of  history  at  Dartmouth  College. 

April  17-19 

Deirdre  Hudson  Delisi  '94  has  been  named  by 
the  governor  of  Texas  to  the  Texas  Transportation 
Commission,  which  oversees  the  state's  depattment 
of  ttansportation. 

Jorge  L.  Baron  '95  was  named  executive  director 

of  the  Notthwest  Immigrant  Rights  Project,  a  non- 
profit organization  providing  legal  services  to  low- 
income  immigrants  in  Washington  State.  Jorge  lives 
in  Seattle  with  his  wife,  Tyler,  and  their  two  children, 
Isabella  and  Joaquin. 

Rachel  Baer  May  '95  lives  in  Fort  Belvoir,  Va., 
with  her  husband,  William  Walter  May  Jr.  BSE. 
'95,  and  their  seven  children.  She  homeschools  the 
oldest  thtee  children. 

William  Walter  May  Jr.  BSE.  '95  earned  an 
M.B.A.  from  Georgetown  University  in  2007  and 
works  in  the  Army  Budget  Office  at  the  Pentagon. 
He  and  his  wife,  Rachel  Baer  May  '95,  live  with 
their  seven  children  in  Fort  Belvoir,  Va. 
Karen  Dixon  '96  was  named  a  partner  with  the 
Greater  Washington  Emergency  Physicians  and  was 
inducted  as  a  fellow  into  the  American  College  of 
Emergency  Physicians. 

Miles  E.  Hall  '96  joined  the  Atlanta  office  of  Fish 
&  Richardson  as  an  associate  in  its  patent  prosecu- 
tion group,  where  he  will  continue  to  focus  his  law 
practice  on  all  aspects  of  patent  prosecution  and 
strategy  pertaining  to  the  lite  sciences,  particularly  in 
medical  technologies. 

Jordan  C.  Murray  '96  has  been  named  a  partner 
in  the  New  Yotk  law  firm  Debevoise  &  Plimpton.  His 
ptactice  focuses  on  advising  sponsors  of,  and  institu- 
tional investors  in,  private  investment  funds. 


www.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


John  L.  Seelke  III  '96  won  the  2007  Presidential 
Award  for  Excellence  in  Mathematics  and  Science 
Teaching.  He  teaches  at  McKinley  Technology'  High 
School  in  Washington. 

Andrew  Cops  '97  received  an  M.B.A.  from  the 
University  of  Southern  California  and  was  recently 
promoted  to  seniot  brand  manager  at  Ventura  Foods. 

Andrea  Caro  '98  was  named  a  new  shareholder 
for  2008  at  the  law  firm  Zimmerman,  Kiser,  & 
Sutcliffe,  where  she  has  been  practicing  civil  litiga- 
tion since  2001. 

Christopher  C.  Lam  '98  was  recognized  by 
Business  Leader  Charbtte  at  a  Powet  of  Justice 
Luncheon  for  his  pro  bono  work.  He  also  received 
the  first  annual  Alumni  Pro  Bono  Attorney  of  the 
Year  from  the  UNC-CH  law  school.  He  is  an  associ- 
ate in  litigation  ptactice  at  K&L  Gates,  formerly 
Kennedy  Covington,  in  Charlotte. 

April  1 7-  J  9 

Tara  Marie  Allen  J.D.  '99  was  named  a  Rising  Star 
in  the  field  of  law  for  2008  by  Texas  Monthly  maga- 
zine. She  is  senior  counsel  in  the  business-transac- 
tions section  of  Jackson  Walket  in  Austin. 

Craig  Kornreich,  J.D.  '99,  M.B.A.  '99  has  moved 
to  New  York  with  Vinson  &  Elkins  following  an 
expansion  of  the  law  firm.  He  has  been  tecogni:ed 
twice  as  a  Rising  Star  by  Texas  Monthrv  magazine. 

Jennifer  Irby  Oakes  '99  delivered  a  speech 
on  physician  employment  agreements  at  the  2008 
Wake  Forest  University  Anesthesiology  Resident 
Retreat.  She  is  a  lawyer  with  Bell,  Davis  &  Pitt  of 
Winston-Salem. 

Kerry  Reichs  J.D.  '99,  M.P.P.  '00  completed  her 
first  novel,  The  Best  Day  of Someone  Else's  Life. 
Published  by  HarperCollins,  rhe  book  follows  Vi 
Connelly,  a  woman  struggling  to  reconcile  the  idea 
of  a  ttaditional  marriage  and  her  own  individuality. 

Roger  G.  Robins  Ph.D.  '99  received  a  Fulbright 
Scholatship  to  lecture  in  Japan  for  the  2008-09  aca- 
demic year  He  will  offer  courses  in  American  history 
and  religion  at  the  University  of  Tokyo. 

MARRIAGES:  Kristi  Elena  Woods  '94  to 
Clyde  Richard  Edwards  M.H.S.  '99  on  July  14, 

2007.  Residence:  Raleigh... Andrew  W.  Cops  '97 
to  Jennifer  A.  Hall  on  Sept.  2,  2007.  Residence: 
Huntington  Beach,  Calif.... Linda  Wasiczko 
B.S.E.  '97  to  Jeff  Thomas  on  Feb.  23,  2008.  Resi- 
dence: King  George,  Va.... Nicholas  R.  Gelber 
B.S.E.  '98  to  Amanda  Jo  Hallet  B.S.E.  '98  on 
Oct.  6,  2007.  Residence:  New  York... Courtney  B. 
Thomas  '98  to  Kathleen  DeLaney  on  Feb.  25, 

2008.  Residence:  New  York... Clyde  Richard 
Edwards  M.H.S.  '99  to  Kristi  Elena  Woods 
'94  on  July  14,  2007.  Residence:  Raleigh...  Joshua 
Esguia  B.S.E.  '99  to  Karen  Smith  '00  on  March 
22,  2008.  Residence:  Los  Angeles... Lauren  B. 
Kahner  '99  to  Gregory  J.  Panagiotis  on  Oct.  27, 
2007.  Residence:  Santa  Monica,  Calif.. ..Brooke 
Byrne  Whitney  '99  to  Jason  M.  Wagner  on 
Jan.  26,  2008.  Residence:  Denver. 

BIRTHS:  Second  child  and  son  to  Andrew  Todd 
Layton  '90  and  Jodi  Beth  Weil  on  April  15,  2008. 
Named  Joshua  Alexander  Layton. .  Third  child  and 
second  son  to  Scott  M.  Bradf  ield  '93  and  Lissi  C. 
Bradfield  on  Oct.  26,  2007.  Named  Quinn  Olivet... 
First  children  and  twin  sons  to  Jennifer  O'Neal 
Schiess  '94,  M.P.P.  04  and  Robert  V.  Schiess 
'94,  M.B.A.  '03  on  March  5,  2008.  Named  Theodore 
Vincenr  and  Finn  O'Neal. .  .Second  child  and  first 


Matt  Casper  '97, 
Emote-ing 

Parents  who  think  cyber- 
space is  devoid  of  useful 
content  for  kids  probably 
haven't  met  Abash,  Imp, 
Bubba,  and  Boom.  They  are  mem- 
bers of  a  band  of  creatures  known 
as  Emotes,  which  feel  "human-like 
emotions,"  have  colorful  faces,  and 
live  inside  the  Internet — all  thanks, 
in  large  part,  to  Matt  Casper. 

Casper,  a  psychotherapist  and 
actor  in  Los  Angeles,  serves  as  the 
"emotional  consultant" on  the 
team  behind  this  highly  expressive 
species,  each  of  whom  represents  a 
different  emotion  and  possesses  a 
super  power.  As  a  group,  the  Emotes 
are  designed  to  help  kids  under- 
stand and  talk  about  their  feelings. 

Since  the  first  twelve  Emotes 
debuted  this  summer,  there's  been 
no  shortage  of  ways  to  meet  them: 
on  their  interactive  website  {www. 
emotes.com)  and  blog;  in  a  series  of 
hardcover  picture  books;  as  vinyl 
and  plush  toys  sold  online;  even  on 
Facebook.  Among  other  responsi- 
bilities, Casper  writes  the  content 


■Essar.    Ill 


on  the  site,  which  features  games 
and  online  comics,  and  has  co- 
authored  all  twelve  of  the  Emotes 
storybooks. 

The  books,  which  are  geared 
toward  children  ages  five  and  up, 
tackle  some  complicated  issues,  but 
always  with  a  light  touch.  \n  Abash 
and  the  Cyber-Bully,  drama  ensues 
after  the  easily  embarrassed  pro- 
tagonist accidentally  puts  on  two 
left  shoes,  and  pictures  of  his  mis- 
hap turn  up  at  school.  Casper  in- 
cludes tips  at  the  end  of  each  story 
on  dealing  with  the  problems  the 
Emotes  face. 

The  feedback  so  far  has  been 
positive.  Casper  says  another  ther- 


apist told  him  about  a  young  client 
who  was  having  trouble  expressing 
her  feelings.  The  therapist  had 
introduced  the  girl  to  Abash  and 
"there  was  an  aha  moment  where 
she  opened  up  and  began  carrying 
Abash  with  her  everywhere  she 
went.  He  became  a  mascot  for 
her  and  a  bridge  to  help  her  come 
into  herself." 

While  the  Emotes' work  is  re- 
warding in  itself,  it  also  allows 
Casper  to  use  his  skills  as  an  enter- 
tainer. After  graduating  from  Duke 
with  a  major  in  religion,  minor  in 
psychology,  and  a  certificate  in  film 
and  video,  Casper  moved  to  Los  An- 
geles to  become  an  actor.  He's 
made  appearances  in  films  such  as 
Pearl  Harbor,  on  television's  Desper- 
ate Housewives,  and  in  dozens  of 
commercials. 

But  he  says  he  wanted  to  do 
more,  so  he  went  back  to  school 
and  became  a  licensed  marriage- 
and-family  therapist.  Now,  he  sees 
clients  and  continues  to  act,  even 
co-starring  with  the  Emotes  in 
video  blogs  on  their  website. 

If  plans  for  the  Emotes  pan  out, 
Casper's  co-starring  role  will  have  a 
long  run.  The  first  three  storybooks 
were  released  in  July,  and  one  new 
book  will  come  out  every  month, 
each  introducing  another  character 
and  emotion.  The  Emotes  crew  is 
already  at  work  developing  twelve 
more  Emotes  characters  after  that. 

"There  are  lots  of  emotions  in 
the  emotional  spectrum," says 
Casper,  "so  there's  a  lot  to  cover." 

— Lucas  Schaefer 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     September-October  2008 


Nasher  Travel: 

Los  Angeles 

October  30-November  3,  2008 

Immerse  yourself  in  the  Los  Angeles 
art  scene  with  the  Nasher  Museum's 
director  Kimerly  Rorschach  and  the 
museum's  curator  of  contemporary  art, 
Trevor  Schoonmaker.  You'll  also  visit 
two  private  collections,  including  the 
home  of  one  of  ARTnews  magazine's 
top  200  art  collectors  in  the  world. 
From  $3,000 
{LA  residents:  Ask  about  special  pricing.) 


t  the  Los  Angeles  County 


Chicago 

April  30-May  5,  2009 

Join  collectors,  curators  and  art 
enthusiasts  at  Art  Chicago,  the 
international  fair  of  contemporary  and 
modern  art.  In  addition,  you'll  have 
access  to  special  collections,  museum 
tours  and  exclusive  events,  plus  the 
finest  accommodations. 
From  $3,000 

Venice  Biennale 

June  13-22,  2009 

Take  advantage  of  an  exclusive  tour 
of  this  world-class  contemporary  art 
exhibition.  With  Kimerly  Rorschach, 
Nasher  Museum  director,  explore  the 
best  of  Venice  with  private  tours  and 
events  arranged  just  for  you. 
From  $8,995 

Prices  quoted  do  not  include  airfare. 
Co-sponsored  by  the  Nasher  Museum  of  Art 
and  the  Duke  Alumni  Association. 


son  to  Kristen  Cain  Baldwin  '95  and  DaviJ  W. 
Baldwin  on  Aug.  16,  2007.  Named  Michael  David... 
Third  child  and  daughter  to  Anjali  Enjeti-Sydow 
'95  and  Brian  Sydow  '95  on  March  9,  2008. 
Named  Siri  Francesca  Sydow. .  .Seventh  child  and 

fifth  hoy  to  Rachel  Baer  May  '95  and  William 

Walter  May  Jr.  B.S.E.  '95  on  April  7,  2008. 
Named  Joseph  Damien. .  .First  child  and  son  to 
Matthew  L.  Altman  '96  and  Sherry  M.  Altman 
B.S.E.  '96  on  March  6,  2008.  Named  Tohy  Marin. . . 
Second  child  and  first  daughter  to  Jason  Kahner 
'96  and  Samantha  Kahner  on  Jan.  19,  2007.  Named 
Chloe  Madeleine... Second  child  and  daughter  to 
Robert  P.  Bethea  97  and  Shea  West  Bethea 
'97  on  Sept.  7,  2007.  Named  Caroline  Eve.  ..First 
child  and  daughter  to  Ivan  J.  Snyder  '97  and 
Tamara  L.  Snyder  on  April  4,  2008.  Named  Elana 
Heather... First  child  and  daughter  to  Paul  G. 
Bamert  BSE  '98  and  Melanie  Shustrin 
Bamert  '99  on  April  11,  2008.  Named  Julianna 
Fiona... First  child  and  daughter  to  Maureen 
Reindl  Benjamins  '98  and  Xander  Benjamins  on 
Feb.  8,  2008.  Named  Nora  Genevieve.  ..First  child 
and  daughter  to  David  A.  Ahearn  '99  and  Lisa  S. 
Ahearn  on  April  26,  2008.  Named  Katherine 
Claire... First  child  and  daughter  to  Melanie 
Shustrin  Bamert  '99  and  Paul  G.  Bamert 
B.S.E.  '98  on  April  11,  2008.  Named  Julianna  Fiona. 


2000s 


Crystal  Lynette  Wells  Cook  J  D  00  joined 
the  Atlanta  office  of  Locke  Lord  Bissell  &  Liddell 
as  senior  counsel  to  help  start  the  law  firm's  real- 
estate  practice  there. 

John  D.  Griffin  A.M.  '00,  Ph.D.  '02  is  co-author 
of  Minority  Report:  Evaluating  I'nluu  al  Equality  in 
America,  published  by  the  Univetsity  of  Chicago 
Ptess.  He  is  an  assistant  professor  of  political  science 
at  the  Univetsity  of  Notre  Dame. 

Brian  Newman  A.M.  W,  Ph.D.  '03  is  co-authot 

of  Minority  Report:  Evaluating  Political  Equality  in 
America,  published  by  the  University  of  Chicago 
Ptess.  He  is  an  assistant  professor  of  political  science 
at  Pepperdine  University. 

Andrew  Ward  '01  received  his  Ph.D.  in  biology 
from  the  Scripps  Research  Institute  in  La  Jolla,  Calif. 

Heather  Elizabeth  Watts  01  received  a  joint 
Ph.D.  in  zoology  and  in  ecology,  evolutionary  biolo- 
gy, and  behavior  from  Michigan  State  University. 
She  is  a  postdoctotal  fellow  at  the  Univetsity  of 
California-Davis. 

Lundi  M.  McCarthy  '02  received  one  of  the 
top  scotes  on  the  Florida  bar  exam  in  February  and 
was  given  the  honot  of  speaking  at  the  induction 
proceedings  for  new  lawyers.  She  works  as  a  "judicial 
elbow"  clerk  (legalese  for  a  clerk  who  works  "at 
the  elbow"  of  a  judge)  for  the  Hon.  Gary  R.  Jones  of 
the  U.S.  Disttict  Court  for  the  Middle  District  of 
Flotida  in  Ocala. 


Sth 


April  17-19 


For  complete  information 
and  to  register, 
visit  www.nashertravel.com 
or  call  (gig)  684-2g88. 


Duke 


Maital  Bougess  Guttman  05  received  a  Mor- 
rison Film  Fellowship  from  the  Maine  Communiry 
Foundation,  which  supports  rising  filmmakers.  She 
will  use  the  fellowship  ro  pay  for  film  classes  at  the 
University  of  California-Los  Angeles. 
Jennifer  Reineke  Pohlhaus  Ph.D.  06,  Health 
Policy  Cett.  '06  was  elected  to  setve  on  the  boatd  of 
directots  of  the  National  Postdoctoral  Association. 
She  is  in  the  second  yeat  of  a  Science  and  Technol- 


ogy Policy  Fellowship  sponsored  by  the  American 
Association  fot  the  Advancement  of  Science.  The 
fellowship  program  is  designed  to  allow  scientists  to 
"share  theit  expertise  with  policymakers  ro  encourage 
decision-making  based  on  solid  scientific  principles." 
She  is  working  on  maximizing  the  potential  of 
women  in  biomedical  careers  in  her  position  at  the 
National  Institutes  of  Health. 

MARRIAGES:  Julia  E.  Mitchell  '00  to  Rodney  J. 
Elamonjan.  13,  2008.  Residence:  Nashville,  Tenn.... 
Amanda  Janney  Scovil  '00,  M.H.S.  04  to 
Albert  Blackwell  Stieglitz  Jr.  '00  on  Oct.  6, 

2007.  Residence:  Louisville,  Ky  .    Karen  Smith  '00 
to  Joshua  Esguia  B.S.E.  '99  on  March  22,  2008. 
Residence:  Los  Angeles... Peter  Wang  B.S.E.  '00 
to  Fay  Ann  Trimor  '01  on  Sept.  8,  2007.  Resi- 
dence: Springfield,  Pa. ...Sarah  W.  Kramer  '01  to 
Hilton  Travis  Goad  on  Nov.  10,  2007.  Residence: 
Richmond,  Va....Fay  Ann  Trimor  '01  to  Peter 
Wang  B.S.E.  '00  on  Sept.  8,  2007.  Residence: 
Springfield,  Pa...  Allison  M.  Rushmore  '02  to 
Ian  S.  Kupfetbetg  on  Oct.  27,  2007.  Residence: 
Columbus,  Ohio... Jenny  Rae-Jan  Mao  B.S.E. 
'04  to  Lutao  Ning  B.S.E.  '04  on  March  22,  2008. 
Residence:  Atlanta... Bastiaan  A.  Ryckaert 
LL.M.  '05  to  Elisabeth  Zouboff  on  Dec.  15,  2007. 
Residence:  Brussels,  Belgium. 

BIRTHS:  First  child  and  daughter  to  Julia  Mitchell 

Elam  '00  and  Rodney  Elam  on  April  5,  2008.  Named 
Julianne  Lollay... First  child  and  son  to  Elizabeth 
Heyman  Winter  '03  and  David  Winter  on  Feb.  27, 

2008.  Named  Charles  Marvin. 


Deaths 

La  Verne  Dawson  Mason  '34  of  Shreveport, 
La.,  on  Feb.  9,  2008.  She  was  a  member  of  the  First 
United  Methodist  Church  in  Shreveport  for  74 
yeats  and  served  on  the  church's  administrative  board 
and  on  many  committees.  She  is  survived  by  a  son, 


three  daughters,  10  grandchildren,  and  eight  gteat- 
grandchildren. 

Margaret  Bates  Gillies  '35  of  Moorestown, 
N.J.,  on  Jan.  26,  2008.  She  was  a  member  of  Kappa 
Kappa  Gamma  and  sang  in  the  Chapel  Choit.  She 
is  survived  by  two  sons,  eight  grandchildren,  and 
10  great-grandchildren. 

David  W.  Lester  M.D.  '35  of  San  Diego,  on 
Aug.  2,  2006.  He  earned  his  M.D.  in  psychiatry. 

Lora-Frances  Davis  '36  of  San  Antonio,  on  Jan. 
26,  2008.  Aftet  Duke,  she  teceived  degrees  from 
Emory  University,  Sophia  University,  the  University 
of  California-Los  Angeles,  and  San  Antonio  College. 
She  served  in  the  Army  and  eventually  became  chief 
medical  librarian  fot  Brooke  Army  Medical  Centet. 
She  is  survived  by  a  brother. 
Evelyn  Cadle  Capen  R.N.  '36,  B.S.N.  '38  of 
Augusta,  Ga.,  on  Feb.  27,  2008.  After  graduation, 
she  joined  the  nursing  staff  at  St.  Clate's  Hospital  in 
Schenectady,  N.Y.,  and  then  became  the  ditector  of 
nursing  at  Glenridge  Sanitarium.  She  is  survived  by 
her  husband,  Thomas;  a  son;  a  daughter;  a  grand- 
daughter; a  grandson;  and  two  great-gtandsons. 

Hazel  Lyon  Mangum  Stubbs  '36  of  Durham, 
on  Jan.  25,  2008.  After  receiving  her  M.L.S.  from 
UNC-CH,  she  worked  as  a  librarian  at  Duke  law 
school.  She  was  an  active  volunteet  with  the  Foun- 
dation for  Better  Health  of  Durham,  the  Dutham 
County  Historical  Association,  and  the  Durham 
Debutante  Ball  Society.  She  was  a  member  of  Trinity 
United  Methodist  Church  and  the  Daughters  of 


www.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


the  American  Revolution.  She  is  survived  by  three 
sons,  including  Allston  Stubbs  III  M.D.  '67; 
Stanley  Stubbs  M.H.A.  '69;  and  Thomas 
Stubbs  M.D.  75;  a  daughter-in-law,  Linda  Fore 
Stubbs  73;  10  grandchildren,  including  Allston 
Stubbs  IV  M.D.  '99  and  James  Stubbs  MBA. 

'03;  and  five  great-grandchildren. 

George  Burton  Appleford  '37  of  Chula  Vista, 
Calif.,  on  Jan.  17,  2008.  He  was  a  member  of  Delta 
Tau  Delta  fraternity.  In  1950,  he  received  an  M.D.  from 
Tufts  University.  Survivors  include  two  daughters. 

Sarah  Atkinson  Dunn  '37  of  Doylestown,  Pa.,  on 
Jan.  17,  2008.  After  attending  Duke,  she  graduated 
summa  cum  laude  from  Ursinus  College.  Early  in  her 
career,  she  worked  for  the  Bucks  County  (Pa.)  Welfare 
Department.  She  was  actively  involved  with  the 
Village  Improvement  Association,  the  only  women's 
club  in  the  country  to  own  and  operate  a  community 
hospital.  She  is  survived  by  a  daughter,  four  sons, 
eight  grandchildren,  and  seven  great-grandchildren. 

Haywood  L.  Harrell  '38  of  Goldsboro,  N.C.,  on 
Feb.  11,  2008.  He  served  38  years  in  the  North  Caro- 
lina Conference  of  the  United  Methodist  Church 
before  retiring  in  1977.  He  is  survived  by  a  daughter, 
two  sons,  five  grandchildren,  and  three  great-grand- 
children. 

Ruth  Stedman  Luning  '38  of  Arlington,  Va.,  on 
Jan.  15,  2008.  After  Duke,  she  taught  high-school 
English  and  French  in  Lexington,  N.C.  During  World 
War  II,  she  worked  in  the  Government  Printing  Of- 
fice and  became  the  first  female  chief  of  its  traffic  of- 
fice. She  is  survived  by  a  daughter,  Jean  Stedman 
Luning- Johnson  B.S.E.  '80,  and  two  grandchildren. 

Mary  Elizabeth  Stine  Wilcox  '38  of  Wilmington, 
Del.,  on  Jan.  2,  2008.  She  graduated  Phi  Beta  Kappa. 
She  served  as  president  of  Wilmington's  Children's 
Bureau  and  garden  club.  She  is  survived  by  a  daugh- 
ter, a  son,  four  grandsons,  and  a  granddaughter. 

Elizabeth  Bogert  Wiley  '38  of  Washington,  on 

Feb.  4,  2008.  At  Duke,  she  sang  in  the  Chapel  Choir 
and  was  a  member  of  Zeta  Tau  Alpha  sorority  and 
Duke  Players.  She  is  survived  by  a  son,  two  daughters, 
two  granddaughters,  three  grandsons,  and  eight  great- 
grandchildren. 

H.  Reid  Mitchell  Jr.  '39  of  Washington,  N.C,  on 
Jan.  22,  2008.  During  World  War  II,  he  served  in  the 
Army  Air  Corps'  European  Division,  Air  Transport 
Command.  He  spent  his  career  as  an  insurance  agent 
and  business  owner.  Active  in  his  community,  he 
served  as  chair  of  the  City  of  Washington  Urban 
Renewal  and  Housing  Study  Group,  president  of  the 
Rotary  Club,  and  a  member  of  the  board  of  education 
for  the  Washington  schools  during  integration.  He 
was  a  charter  member  of  the  1938  "Iron  Dukes"  foot- 
ball team.  He  is  survived  by  a  daughter,  Julia 
Mitchell  Gray  75. 

Howard  Winterson  '39  of  Hartford,  Conn.,  on 
Dec.  23,  2007.  A  Navy  lieutenant  during  World  War 
II,  he  served  as  a  flight-deck  officer  on  the  USS  Attu. 
He  was  executive  vice  president  for  Blaw-Knox  Co. 
in  Pittsburgh  and  Lummis  Co.  in  Ridgewood,  N.J.  He 
was  also  president  of  Combustion  Engineering  Power 
Systems  in  Windsor,  Conn.  He  is  survived  by  his 
wife,  Virginia;  a  daughter;  three  sons;  10  grandchil- 
dren; and  four  great-grandchildren. 

M.  Thelma  Taylor  M.Ed.  '40  of  Mount  Joy,  Pa.,  on 
Jan.  30,  2008.  An  educator  for  45  years,  she  taught  at 
Elizabeth  High  School  for  16  years  and  in  the 
Donegal,  Pa.,  school  district  for  27  years,  until  her 
retirement  in  1972.  She  is  survived  by  two  sisters. 

Leonard  "Dinky"  Darnell  '41  of  Winston-Salem, 


on  Feb.  11,  2008.  He  was  a  member  of  the  1938  "Iron 
Dukes"  football  team  and  the  1941  All-America  foot- 
ball team.  A  sergeant  in  the  Army  Air  Corps,  he  later 
worked  for  30  years  at  R.J.  Reynolds  Tobacco  Co.  He 
is  survived  by  his  wife,  Mona;  a  son;  a  daughter;  two 
grandsons;  and  four  great-grandchildren. 

Guillermo  "Bill"  Moscoso  LL.B.  '41  of 

Santurce,  PR.,  on  Jan.  29,  2008.  Survivors  include 
his  wife,  Kitty. 

Robert  P.  Smith  '41  of  Atlanta,  on  Feb.  11,  2008. 
A  World  War  II  Navy  veteran,  he  worked  for 
Southern  States  (.  ^operative  in  Baltimore  for  21 
years  and  at  Colorado  Srate  University  for  1 5  years. 
He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Page  Thacker  Smith 
'42;  two  sons,  including  M.  Ward  Smith  75;  two 
daughters,  Ellen  G.  Smith  B.S.N.  72  and  Page 

H.  Smith  '6L';  and  sewn  grandchildren. 

Jessie  Smith  Barton  A.M.  '42  of  Greenville,  S.C., 
on  Jan.  1,  2008.  A  teacher,  she  also  served  as  a  prin- 
cipal at  several  Greenville  elementary  schools,  presi- 
dent of  the  Greenville  County  Education  Association, 
and  as  a  member  of  the  board  of  directors  of  the  South 
Carolina  Education  Association.  She  is  survived  by 
three  daughters,  two  sons,  two  brothers,  a  sister,  eight 
grandchildren,  and  five  great-grandchildren. 

Loyd  Lamar  Blount  '43  of  Newton,  Ala.,  on 
Aug.  6,  2007.  After  Pearl  Harbor,  he  joined  the 
Marine  Corps  and  was  assigned  to  the  Marine  V-12 
Program  at  Duke.  He  played  on  the  1943  Duke  foor- 
ball  team  before  being  called  to  active  duty  in  the 
Pacific  theater.  He  enteted  the  professional  football 
draft  after  the  war,  playing  with  the  Miami  Seahawks, 
Buffalo  Bills,  and  Baltimore  Colts.  After  his  retire- 
ment, he  ran  a  dairy,  beef,  and  timber  operation.  He 
is  survived  by  a  son,  two  daughters,  two  sisters,  five 
grandchildren,  and  seven  great-grandchildren. 

Harold  Hawfield  M.D.  '43,  B.S.M.  '44  of 
Edgewater,  Fla.,  on  Jan.  14,  2008.  During  World  War 
II,  he  served  in  the  Army  Medical  Corps.  He  was  a 
general  surgeon  for  25  years  and  the  first  medical 
director  of  Washington  Hospital  Center  He  also  was 
vice  chair  of  the  department  of  general  surgery  there 
and,  in  1974,  became  the  president  of  the  medical 
and  dental  staff.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Isolde; 
two  sons;  a  daughter;  five  grandchildren;  and  three 
great-grandchildren. 

Carl  W.  Judy  M.Div.  '43  of  Winston-Salem,  on 
Jan.  3,  2008.  He  was  a  United  Methodist  pastor  in 
the  Western  North  Carolina  Conference.  He  is  sur- 
vived by  his  wife,  Margarer;  a  son,  K.  Wesley 
Judy  M.Div.  70;  and  three  daughters. 

Herbert  King  M.D.  '43  of  Daytona  Beach,  Fla.,  on 
Dec.  25,  2007.  After  two  years  of  military  service  in 
Wisconsin,  he  returned  to  Duke  to  teach.  He  statted 
his  practice  in  Florida  in  1949  and  practiced  internal 
medicine  for  48  years.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife, 
Virginia;  a  son;  and  two  stepchildren. 

Marian  Sheaffer  Montfort  '43  ofGorham, 

Maine,  on  Dec.  22,  2007. 
Robert  W.  Evans  B.D.  '44  of  Batesville,  Conn., 
on  Feb.  10,  2008.  He  spent  his  professional  life  at 
Quinnipiac  University  in  Connecticut,  teaching  and 
serving  as  dean  of  continuing  education  and  dean  of 
students.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  June;  a  son;  a 
daughter;  and  t 


25,  2008.  Asked  after  graduation  to  work  on  the 
Manhattan  Project,  she  instead  joined  the  Women's 
Army  Corps.  She  served  in  Asheville  and  in  Mary- 
land, as  rhe  company  clerk  of  Company  B,  9th  Bat- 
talion. Later,  she  worked  as  director  of  the  Volunteers 
of  Grandview  Hospital  in  Ohio  and  as  director  of  the 
Mental  Health  Association  in  Virginia.  She  is  sur- 
vived by  four  sons,  a  daughter,  19  grandchildren,  and 
1 1  great-grandchildren. 

Allan  M.  Grayson  Jr.  B.S.E.E.  '45  of  Dallas,  on 
Jan.  24,  2008.  A  Navy  lieutenant  during  World  War 
II,  he  was  honored  in  2004  at  the  Nimitz  National 
Museum  of  the  Pacific  War  in  Fredericksburg,  Texas. 
At  the  start  of  his  career,  he  bought  WM.  Smith 
Electtic  Co.  and  built  it  into  one  of  the  largest  elec- 
trical apparatus  sales  and  service  companies  in 
the  Southwest.  Upon  stepping  down  after  20  years 
as  a  director  of  Fair  Park  National  Bank,  he  was 
named  an  honorary  board  member.  He  is  survived 
by  two  daughters,  a  son,  a  sister,  a  brother,  and 
eight  grandchildren. 

Barbara  Jeschre  Loftus  '44  of  Sarasota,  Fla.,  on 
Feb.  10,  2008.  She  was  a  member  of  the  Alpha  Delta 
Pi  and  Kappa  Alpha  Theta  sororities.  She  is  survived 
by  three  daughters,  including  Elizabeth  Loftus 
Fraker  71,  MAT.  73  and  Nancy  Loftus 
Devine  78;  a  son-in-law,  G.Alan  Fraker  M.A.T 

73,  A.M.  73;  a  sister;  nine  grandchildren;  and  three 
great-grandchildren. 


Hattaway  '45  of  Charlotte,  on  Nov.  27, 
2007.  He  was  a  member  of  Sigma  Chi  fraternity  while 
at  Duke  and  graduated  with  a  major  in  economics. 

Carolyn  Straughn  Wright  '45  of  Durham,  on 

Oct.  2,  2006. 


William  Evans  III  B.S.M.E.  '44  of  Orange  Park, 
Fla.,  on  Nov.  14,  2007.  He  retired  from  the  Marine 
Corps  as  a  captain.  He  is  survived  by  four  daughters,  a 
sister,  six  grandchildren,  and  a  great-grandchild. 

Jane  Brown  Furman  '44  of  San  Antonio,  on  Jan. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     September-October  2008 


Elizabeth  Ormond  Byrum  '46  of  Newport 
News,  Va.,  on  Feb.  17,  2008.  She  worked  in  child 
welfare,  directed  a  girls'  group  home,  and  retired  from 
the  Newport  News  public  schools,  where  she  worked 
with  pupil  services  and  special  education.  She  is 
survived  by  her  husband,  Marvin;  three  sons;  two 
granddaughters;  and  a  grandson. 

Lawrence  Schott  '46  of  Mount  Clemens,  Mich., 
on  Nov.  30,  2007.  A  World  War  11  Navy  veteran,  he 
was  president  of  Huharth  &  Schott  Co.  and  H  ek  S 
Development.  He  is  survived  by  a  son,  two  daughters, 
a  sister,  two  grandsons,  and  two  granddaughters. 

Lucy  Smith  Singleton  '46  of  Kernersville, 
N.C.,  on  Jan.  3,  2008.  She  spent  most  of  her  nursing 
career  at  the  Lyndhurst  (  lynecologic  Association  of 
Winston-Salem.  She  is  survived  by  her  husband,  Al; 
two  daughters;  a  son;  nine  grandchildren;  and  two 
great-grandchildren. 

Harriet  Helmick  Wenger  '46  of  Grand  Island, 
Neb.,  on  Jan.  22,  2008.  She  worked  for  the  Nebraska 
Vetetans  Home  and  Nebraska  Job  Training  Program 
until  her  retirement  in  the  1980s.  She  is  survived  by 
two  sons,  a  daughter,  a  brother,  and  seven  grandchildren. 

Joseph  Zitomer  '46  of  Chevy  Chase,  Md.,  on 
Jan.  20,  2008.  A  member  of  the  Navy  V-12  officer 
training  program,  he  served  during  World  War  II  and 
the  Korean  War.  In  1950,  he  graduated  from  George 
Washington  University  Law  School  and  spent  his 
career  as  a  defense  lawyer,  specializing  in  personal 
injury.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Mary;  two  sons;  and 
a  daughter. 

Jeanne  Dunphey  '47  of  Chapel  Hill,  on  Jan.  7, 
2008.  During  World  War  II,  she  drafted  details  for 
Navy  cruisers  before  parlaying  her  artistic  talent  into 
a  career  in  fashion  illustration.  She  worked  as  an  ad- 
vertising director  at  a  women's  store  in  Raleigh,  illus- 
trated medical  publications  at  Duke  Medical  Center, 
and  then  became  a  scientific  illustrator  and  art  direc- 
tor at  the  UNC-CH  Media  Center  She  is  survived  by 
two  sons,  two  brothers,  and  tour  grandsons. 

J.  Frank  Houtz  '47  of  Phoenix,  on  April  23,  2007. 
At  Duke,  he  was  a  member  of  Sigma  Nu  fraternity. 

George  Huelser  '47  of  Campbell  Hall,  N.Y.,  on 
Jan.  10,  2008.  A  Merchant  Marine  in  World  War  II, 
he  worked  as  vice  president  and  media-planning 
director  for  DDB  Needham  Worldwide  Advertising 
in  New  York.  He  is  survived  by  a  son,  a  daughter,  a 
sister,  and  six  grandchildren. 

Martha  Gayle  Parks  A.H.C  '47  of  Lexington, 
Ky.,  on  Feb.  10,  2008.  After  working  for  the  Crippled 
Children  Commission  at  hospitals  in  Louisville  and 
Lexington,  she  moved  to  the  Child  Development 
Center  at  Lexington's  Cardinal  Hill  Rehabilitation 
Hospital,  retiring  in  19S  3.  She  is  survived  by  three 
sons,  a  daughter,  and  nine  grandchildren. 

James  B.  Thomas  '47  of  Bremerton,  Wash.,  on 
Dec.  5,  2005.  He  served  in  the  Pacific  with  the 
Army  Air  Corps  during  World  War  II.  He  is  survived 
by  a  daughter,  a  son,  three  grandsons,  and  two  grand- 
daughters. 

Pearl  Burkhead  Bobbin  A.M.  '48  of  Pinesburg, 
Md.,  on  Jan.  26,  2008.  An  economics  professor  for  33 
years,  she  retired  in  1978  and  became  professor  emer- 
itus in  1991. 

Melton  E.  Harbin  B.Div.  '48  of  Waynesville,  N.C., 
on  Aug.  10,  2007.  He  served  in  the  Western  North 
Carolina  Conference  ol  the  Methodisl  church  for  40 
years.  On  two  separate  occasions,  he  served  as  a  dele- 
gate to  the  World  Methodist  Conferences.  He  is  sur- 
vived by  his  wife,  1  lilda;  a  daughter;  and  two  grandsons. 


Jane  Stewart  Smith  '48  of  Pittsburgh,  on  Oct. 
25,  2007.  She  was  a  member  of  Alpha  Delta  Pi  sorori- 
ty and  sang  in  the  Chapel  Choir.  She  is  survived  by 
her  husband,  Andrew;  a  son;  and  two  nieces,  Staley 

Stewart  79  and  Travis  Melissa  Stewart  '83. 

George  E.  Staehle  M.D.  '48  of  Short  Hills,  N.J., 
on  Feb.  9,  2008.  He  served  in  the  Navy  during  World 
War  II  and  in  the  Army  during  the  Korean  War.  For 
over  30  years,  he  practiced  medicine  in  South  Orange, 
N.J.,  specializing  in  proctology.  He  is  survived  by  his 
wife.  Alma;  a  son;  two  daughters;  four  granddaugh- 
ters; three  grandsons;  and  two  great-grandchildren. 

Edwina  Baker  Weisgarber  P.T.  Cert.  '48  of 
New  Philadelphia,  Ohio,  on  Nov.  24,  2007.  She 
attended  Ohio  State  University  before  attending 
Duke.  She  is  survived  by  a  son,  two  daughters,  and 
nine  grandchildren. 

Lloyd  L.  Brown  B.S.M.E.  '49  of  North  Palm  Beach, 
Fla.,  on  Feb.  13,  2008.  After  serving  three  years  in  the 
Army  Air  Corps  as  an  aircraft  crew  chief,  he  worked 
as  an  engineer  at  General  Electric  and  later  became  a 
senior  design  engineer  with  Pratt  and  Whitney.  He  is 
survived  by  an  aunt  and  several  cousins. 

Mitchell  N.  Drew  '49  of  Tuscaloosa,  Ala.,  on  Feb. 
2,  2008.  During  World  War  II,  he  was  stationed  with 
the  Navy  in  the  Philippines.  After  the  war,  he  worked 
for  the  family-owned  Quincy  Telephone  Co.  for  30 
years,  serving  as  vice  president  and  then  president. 
After  retiring,  he  was  appointed  by  President  Ronald 
Reagan  as  director  of  the  Farmers  Home  Administra- 
tion (FHA)  office  in  Florida.  He  is  survived  by  his 
wife,  Kathryn;  two  sons;  two  daughters;  two  stepsons; 
three  stepdaughters;  a  sister;  12  grandchildren;  five 
step-grandchildren;  and  one  great-grandchild. 

Ella  Pepper  Garrison  B.S.N.  '49,  R.N.  '49  of 
Easley,  S.C.,  on  Feb.  8,  2008.  Dean  of  Nursing  and 
Allied  Health  at  Greenville  Technical  College  for  10 
years,  she  later  was  clinical  director  at  Anderson 
Memorial  Hospital  for  five  years.  She  retired  from 
Greenville  General  Hospital.  She  is  survived  by  her 
husband,  David;  a  son;  a  daughter;  and  a  sister. 

James  H.  Prentiss  Sr.  '49  of  Memphis,  Tenn., 
on  Feb.  12,  2008.  He  spent  50  years  in  the  restaurant 
business  as  the  founder,  chair,  president,  and  CEO 
of  Shoney's  South  Inc.  Among  the  many  honors  he 
received  was  the  Jefferson  Award  given  by  rhe 
American  Institute  for  Public  Service.  He  is  survived 
by  his  wife,  Carol;  three  daughters;  five  sons,  includ- 
ing James  H.  Prentiss  Jr.  '72  and  Stephen  M. 
Prentiss  '75;  four  brothers;  20  grandchildren;  and 
four  great-gtandchildren. 

Fred  Shankweiler  '49  of  Atlanta  on  Jan.  23, 
2008.  During  the  Korean  War,  he  served  as  a  military 
policeman.  He  spent  his  career  in  sales,  working  for 
Scott  Paper,  Johnson  &  Johnson,  and  Curtis  Candies. 
He  then  became  a  partner  at  Salesforce,  an  executive 
search  firm,  and,  a  decade  later,  co-founded  the  com- 
pany Salesforce-Marshank.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife, 
Marilyn;  a  daughter;  two  sons;  a  sister;  three  grand- 
children; and  three  great-grandchildren. 

Nancy  Farrington  Chritton  '50  of  Jacksonville, 
Fla.,  on  Jan.  3,  2008.  For  many  years,  she  was  an  out- 
spoken civil  rights  advocate  in  Knoxville,  Tenn.,  and 
was  a  candidate  tor  the  Tennessee  legislature  in  1978. 
She  is  survived  by  three  sons,  including  J.  Kirby 
Chritton  '7S;  two  daughters;  two  brothers,  including 
John  K.  Farrington  '53;  and  nine  grandchildren. 

Kenneth  D.  Crouse  M.Div.  '50  of  Asheboro, 
N.C.,  on  Jan.  18,  2008.  He  served  in  the  Army  as  a 
captain  and  chaplain.  He  taught  high  school  and  ele- 
mentary school  tor  several  years  before  beginning  a 


career  in  ministry  in  the  Western  North  Carolina 
Methodist  Conference.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife, 
Louise,  and  a  sister. 

Ralph  I.  Epps  B.D.  '50  of  Edenton,  N.C.,  on  Jan. 
3,  2008.  He  received  the  82nd  Airborne  Division 
Commanding  General's  Award  for  Excellence  for  his 
Army  service  during  World  War  II.  He  served  for 
over  60  years  in  United  Methodist  churches  in  North 
Carolina  and  was  an  elder  with  the  United  Methodist 
Church.  In  1979,  he  raised  money  for  Cambodian 
Food  Relief  and  other  charities  by  roller-skating  50 
miles.  In  2005,  he  received  the  Distinguished  Alumni 
Awatd  from  Duke  Divinity  School.  He  is  survived 
by  his  wife,  Pat;  two  daughters;  a  son;  and  five  grand- 
children. 

Richard  D.  Hottenstine  B.S.M.E.  '50  of  South 
Windsor,  Conn.,  on  Jan.  4,  2008.  An  Army  World 
War  II  veteran,  he  worked  as  an  engineer  for  several 
companies,  including  Combustion  Engineering  and 
Gilbert  &  Associates,  and  held  numerous  patents. 
He  also  lectured  and  contributed  to  several  Technical 
books  and  published  papers.  He  is  survived  by  three 
daughters  and  seven  grandchildren. 

Ann  Shaver  Vaeth  '50  of  Roanoke,  Va.,  on  Jan. 
28,  2008.  At  Duke,  she  belonged  to  Kappa  Delta  and 
the  Modern  Dance  Club.  She  is  survived  by  her  hus- 
band, Joseph;  a  daughter;  three  sons;  a  sister;  and  six 
grandchildren. 

Leamon  H.  Veazey  '50  of  Durham,  on  Feb.  18, 
2008.  During  World  War  II,  he  served  in  the  Army 
Air  Corps.  He  was  an  accountant  with  Thomas, 
Knight,  Trent,  King  and  Co.  for  43  years.  He  is  sur- 
vived by  his  wife,  Lenore;  three  daughters;  two  broth- 
ers; a  sister;  two  grandsons;  anil  a  granddaughter. 

Jane  Hiltzheimer  Browne  R.N.  '51  of 

Cherryville,  N.C.,  on  Jan.  27,  2007.  She  worked  for 
Gaston  Residential  Services  in  various  capacities, 
including  as  chair  of  the  board  of  directors  for  eight 
years.  In  2007,  she  was  honored  by  the  First 
Presbyterian  Church  in  Columbia,  S.C.,  as  an  elder 
emerita.  She  is  survived  by  two  sons,  four  daughters, 
one  brother,  and  eight  grandchildren. 

David  Charlton  Jr.  B.D.  '51  of  Bristol,  Va.,  on 
Feb.  22,  2008.  For  14  years,  he  was  the  pastor  of 
Mclver  Memorial  Presbyterian  Church.  He  was  a  co- 
founder  of  the  Bristol  Crisis  Center  and  Healing 
Hands  Health  Care  Center  and  also  worked  at  the 
Bristol  Regional  Counseling  Center.  He  is  survived 
by  his  wife,  Karin;  two  sons;  a  daughter;  a  brother;  a 
grandson;  and  two  granddaughters. 

Fitz-John  C.  McMaster  '51  of  Chestet,  S.C., 
on  Jan.  14,  2008.  He  served  with  the  Marines  in  the 
Korean  War.  He  joined  his  father  at  McMaster 
Enterprises,  a  petroleum  marketing  company,  and 
in  1965  was  appointed  senior  executive.  He  later 
worked  for  Winnsboro  Petroleum  Co.  and  was  the 
company's  president  when  he  retired  in  2003. 
Active  in  his  community,  he  received  a  number  of 
awards,  including  the  Order  of  the  Palmetto,  South 
Carolina's  highest  honor  for  civilian  public  service. 
He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Anne;  two  daughters;  a 
son,  William  McMaster  '80;  a  brother,  Quay 
McMaster  '48;  and  two  grandchildren. 

John  Street  Jr.  '51.J.D.  '54  of  Chillicothe,  Ohio, 
on  Jan.  26,  2008.  He  served  in  the  Army  before  be- 
coming a  lawyer  with  the  Ohio  state  highway  depart- 
ment. In  1962,  he  co-founded  Philips  and  Street  law 
firm.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Madge;  a  daughter; 
two  sons;  a  sister;  four  grandsons;  thtee  granddaugh- 
ters; and  a  niece,  Mary  Jean  Weston  '76. 

Everett  "Sam"  Lyle  Jr.  M.F.  '52  of  Jasper,  Ala., 


.dukemagazine.duke.edt 


on  Jan.  1,  2008.  A  Navy  World  War  II  veteran,  he 
was  a  professor  emeritus  of  forestry  at  Auburn  Uni- 
versity. He  also  served  as  an  adviser  and  consultant  to 
the  Walker  County  Soil  &  Water  Conversation 
Districr  Reclamation  Department.  He  is  survived  by 
his  wife,  Nancy;  two  sons;  and  m\  grandchildren. 

R.  Davidson  McLean  '52  of  Tampa,  Fla.,  on  Dec. 

31,  2007.  He  graduated  from  the  University  of  Florida 
College  of  Law  and  then  went  into  practice  with  his 
father  and  brother.  In  the  1970s  and  1980s,  he  devel- 
oped condominium  projects  and  ran  a  real-estate  busi- 
ness until  his  retirement.  He  is  survived  by  a  daugh- 
ter, two  sons,  two  brothers,  and  1 1  grandchildren. 
Robert  C.  Oshiro  LL.B.  '52,  LL.M.  '53  of  Hono- 
lulu, on  Feb.  12,  2008.  He  was  elected  to  Hawaii's 
state  House  of  Reptesentatives  in  1959,  the  year 
Hawaii  became  a  state.  In  1962,  he  became  the  state 
Democratic  Party  chair  and  a  campaign  strategist. 
He  later  worked  as  chair  of  the  Queen's  Health 
Systems  and  the  Queen  Emma  Foundation.  He  is 
survived  by  his  wife,  Ruth;  two  daughters;  a  son;  and 
four  grandchildren. 

Emily  Fisher  Mauney  '53  of  Raleigh,  on  Jan.  12, 
2008.  Active  in  her  community,  she  was  a  member  of 
the  New  Mexico  Symphony  Guild,  the  March  of 
Dimes,  and  the  New  Mexico  Museum  of  Natural 
History  Foundation.  She  is  survived  by  her  husband, 
Carl;  a  son;  a  daughter;  and  nine  grandchildren  and 
great-grandchildren. 

Irving  E.  Allen  Jr.  '54  of  Los  Angeles  on  Dec.  18, 

2007.  A  pediatrician,  he  was  in  private  ptactice  for 
34  years.  He  also  served  as  the  chief  resident  of 
Children's  Hospital  in  St.  Louis  and  worked  with 
Inland  Health  Care  Group  from  1995  until  his  death. 
He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Penny;  two  sons;  two  step- 
daughters; a  sistet;  and  two  grandchildren. 

Frank  T.  Connolly  M.F.  '54  of  Boone,  N.C.,  on 
Jan.  2,  2008.  He  was  a  Navy  veteran  of  World  War  II 
and  the  Korean  War.  After  his  otdination  as  a 
Catholic  priest  in  1959,  he  served  in  10  parishes  and 
was  the  vicar  of  Greensboro  and  Boone  vicariates. 
When  serving  Durham,  he  was  a  campus  minister  tor 
Duke,  and  in  Boone,  he  helped  found  the  Coalition 
of  Chutches  and  the  Hospitality  House.  He  is  sur- 
vived by  two  cousins. 

Arthur  S.  Tamkin  Ph.D.  '54  of  Augusta,  Ga.,  on 
Dec.  25,  2007.  A  captain  in  the  Army,  he  retired  as  a 
psychologist  from  the  VA  Medical  Center.  He  is  sur- 
vived by  his  wife,  Ruth;  a  son;  thtee  daughters;  a  sis- 
ter; two  grandsons;  and  a  granddaughter. 

William  H.  Wright.'54  of  Pasadena,  Calif.,  on 
Feb.  13,  2008.  He  received  his  M.D.  from  the  Uni- 
versity of  Louisville.  He  opened  a  private  practice  in 
neurosurgery  in  1967.  In  his  40-year  career,  he  also 
held  positions  at  several  hospitals  in  San  Gabtiel 
Valley.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Libby;  a  son;  three 
daughters;  a  stepson;  a  stepdaughter;  five  grandchil- 
dren; and  four  step-grandchildren. 

Elizabeth  "Haynie"  Maben  Hensel  '55  of 

West  Chester,  Pa.,  on  Dec.  28,  2007.  After  a  year  of 
postgraduate  studies  in  child  welfare  at  UNC-CH, 
she  worked  in  the  field.  In  addition  to  her  involve- 
ment in  community  activities,  she  conducted  student 
applicant  interviews  for  Duke.  She  is  survived  by  her 
husband,  David;  three  daughters,  including 

Katherine  Hensel  Wikstorm  '84;  a  son-in-law, 
Jon  Wikstorm  '84;  and  five  grandchildren. 

Harold  Dean  Belk  '56  of  Charlotte,  on  Feb.  3, 

2008.  He  worked  as  medical  director  for  Western 
Electric  in  Winston-Salem  and  Alcoa  in  Pittsburgh, 
and  as  a  staff  physician  for  Carolinas  Medical  Systems 


urgent-care  clinics.  He  was  also  a  medical  review  offi- 
cer for  National  Diagnostics  Inc.  in  Charlotte.  He  is 
survived  by  his  wife,  Linda;  a  daughtet;  and  a  sister. 

Vernon  Pressley  Mangum  M.D.  '56  of 
Goldsboro,  N.C.,  on  Dec.  27,  2007.  He  served  as  a 
naval  officer  in  the  Pacific  during  World  War  II  and 
received  the  Bronze  Star  for  repairing  a  damaged 
tower  while  his  ship,  the  L'SS  Ingersoll,  was  under 
artack.  He  and  his  wife  opened  a  pediatric  practice  in 
Hamlet,  N.C.,  and  in  1959,  he  became  medical  direc- 
tot  at  O'Barry  Cenrer  in  Goldsboro,  N.C.  He  rented 
in  2001.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Virginia 
Sanford  Mangum  M.D.  '56;  a  son;  a  daughter;  a 
grandson;  and  a  granddaughter. 

Abe  Forest  Maxwell  A.M.  '56,  Ph.D.  '59  of  Co- 
lumbus, Ohio,  on  Feb.  9,  2008.  He  spent  his  career  at 
Chemical  Abstracts  Service,  a  scientific  research 
database  company.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife, 
Elladene;  a  son;  a  daughter;  and  two  granddaughters. 

Douglas  E.  Underwood  '56  of  Lake  Wales,  Fla., 
on  Jan.  13,  2008.  He  served  in  the  Coast  Guatd  and 
was  an  accountant  at  Bunting,  Tripp,  and  Ingley  in 
Lake  Wales.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Martha;  a  son; 
a  daughter;  and  five  grandchildren. 

Sallie  Hazen  '57  of  Winter  Park,  Fla.,  on  Feb.  6, 
2008.  A  musician  and  composer,  she  also  was  a  grant- 
proposal  writer  for  the  Osceola  Council  on  Aging, 
the  Red  Cross,  Seniors  First,  and  Mustatd  Seed.  She 
is  survived  by  a  daughrer;  two  sons,  including 
Randolph  D.  Evans  '88;  a  brother;  and  eight 
grandchildren. 

David  M.  Young  '57,  B.S.M.  '58,  M.D.  '59  of 
Sullivan,  Maine,  on  Feb.  2,  2008.  He  was  a  staff  sci- 
entist at  the  National  Institutes  ot  Health  and  an 
assistant  professor  at  the  Johns  Hopkins  University. 
He  was  also  a  fellow  in  the  U.S.  Public  Health 
Service  for  two  years  and  served  as  chief  of  the  labo- 
ratory of  physical  biochemistry  at  Massachusetts 
General  Hospital.  Later,  he  taught  biochemistry  at 
Harvard  Medical  School  and  the  University  of 
Florida.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Lucia;  a  son;  three 
daughters;  and  three  grandchildren. 

Lewis  F.  Affronti  Ph.D.  '58  of  Forest,  Va.,  on  Nov. 
28,  2007.  He  earned  a  B.A.  and  M.A.  at  the  Univer- 
sity of  Buffalo.  During  the  Kotean  War,  he  served 
in  the  Ait  Force.  He  was  a  professor  emeritus  and 
chairman  of  microbiology  in  the  medical  school  at 
George  Washington  University.  His  work  included 
developing  a  widely  used  skin  test  for  detecting 
tuberculosis  and  identifying  a  type  of  tuberculosis 
that  commonly  infects  AIDS  patients.  He  was  a 
consultant  on  tuberculosis  tor  the  World  Health 
Organization.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Aileen 
Ledford  Affronti  B.S.N.  '51;  two  sons,  including 
Lewis  F.  Affronti  Jt.  '81;  two  daughters,  including 
Mary  Lou  Affronti  M.S.N.  '86,  PMC.  '94;  a 
brother;  and  seven  grandchildren. 

John  J.  Curtis  Jr.  '58  of  Minor,  N.D.,  on  Jan.  23, 
2008.  An  Army  veteran,  he  taught  literarure  at  Minot 
State  College  for  31  years.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife, 
Emmeline;  a  daughter;  a  brother;  and  a  grandson. 

William  D.  Degravelles  H  '58  of  Clive,  Iowa,  on 

Jan.  14,  2008.  He  received  his  M.D.  from  Tulane 
University.  He  was  rhe  medical  director  of  rehabilita- 
tion services  at  Duke  Hospital  from  1956  to  1959  and 
then  held  the  same  position  at  the  Younker  Rehabili- 
tation Center  ar  Iowa  Methodist  Medical  Center 
when  it  opened  in  1959.  He  is  survived  by  a  sister. 
David  Rogers  M.Ed.  '58,  Ph.D.  '64  of  Roxboro, 
N.C,  on  Jan.  18,  2008.  During  World  War  II,  he- 
served  in  the  Army  Air  Corps.  He  was  a  high-school 


teacher,  a  principal  in  Caswell  County 
professor  at  Futman  University,  directot  of  edu 
for  rhe  Lumberton  school  system,  and  associate 
supetintendent  ot  schools  in  Butke  and  Person  coun 
ties.  He  was  active  in  founding  Western  Piedmont 
Technical  College  and  Piedmont  Community 
College,  and  served  as  a  trustee  for  the  latter.  He  is 
survived  by  his  wife,  Christine;  three  children;  and 
five  grandchildren. 

Donald  Henry  Craver  A.M.  '59  of  Winston, 
N.C,  on  Dec.  10,  2007.  He  taught  at  Towson  State 
University  for  31  years  before  retiring.  He  served  on 
the  academic  standards  committee  for  most  of  his 
career  and  co-chaired  the  university  assessment 
council.  Survivors  include  two  nieces. 
David  Martin  A.M.  '59,  Ph.D.  '62  of  Carolina 


Elizabeth  Allardice 

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DUKE  MAGAZINE     September-October  2008 


Shores,  N.C.,  on  Jan.  25,  2008.  A  Navy  veteran,  he 
retired  from  Duke  as  associate  dean  ot  law  and  educa- 
tion. He  was  a  co-founder  of  the  Durham  Savoyards, 
a  theater  troupe  devoted  to  performing  Gilbert  & 
Sullivan  productions.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife, 
Anna;  two  sons;  a  daughter;  two  brothers;  a  sister; 
nine  grandchildren;  and  two  gteat-gtandchildren. 

Darlene  Dodge  '60  of  Santa  Fe,  N.M.,  on  Sept. 
21,  2007.  She  was  a  professional  pilot  who  flew  vari- 
ous types  of  planes,  including  Lear  Jets  and  DC-3s, 
and  became  the  first  female  owner  and  opetatot  of  an 
airplane  chartet  service  in  South  Florida.  She  was 
also  a  founding  member  of  Twenty  Little  Working 
Girls,  a  charitable  organization.  She  is  survived  by 
her  husband,  Rodney  Keep;  a  daughter;  a  son;  a  sis- 
Benjamin  R.  Fisch  H  '60  of  Tyler,  Texas,  on  June 
18,  2007.  He  was  an  allergy  and  immunology  special- 
ist and  founded  the  Allergy  Clinic  in  Tyler,  Texas. 
He  received  two  awatds  after  his  retirement  in  1987: 
the  Gold-Headed  Cane  from  the  Smith  County 
Medical  Alliance  for  his  service  to  medicine  and  the 
Pattiot  of  the  Year  award  from  the  University  of  Texas 
at  Tyler  for  his  community  service.  He  is  survived  by 
children,  grandchildren,  nieces,  and  nephews. 

Robert  Lane  '60  of  Chicago,  on  Jan.  20,  2008.  He 
earned  a  J.D.  from  the  University  of  Michigan  before 
serving  in  the  Army.  After  his  discharge,  he  became  a 
partner  at  the  law  firm  of  Winston  &  Strawn  in 
Chicago.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Linda;  two  sons; 
a  brother;  and  a  granddaughter 

Charles  Franzen  Ph.D.  '61  of  Duluth,  Ga.,  on 

Jan.  30,  2008.  During  World  War  II,  he  served  in  the 
Army  Air  Corps.  He  was  an  assistant  professor  at 


Furman  University  tor  five  years  and  ; 
professor  at  the  University  ot  Georgia  for  20  yeats. 
A  member  of  the  Screen  Actor's  Guild,  he  began  his 
acting  cateet  in  the  1970s  and  was  ptesident  of  the 
Georgia  branch.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Nancy; 
two  sons,  including  Stephen  E.  Franzen  '75;  a 
brothet;  and  three  gtandchildren,  including  Charles 
Franzen  09. 

Larry  Wilkinson  M.Div.'61  of  Charlotte,  on  Feb. 
4,  2008.  He  earned  an  M.Ed,  from  Wake  Forest 
Univetsity  and  a  Ph.D.  from  UNC-Greensboro. 
For  46  years,  he  served  as  a  United  Methodist  minis- 
ter at  churches  throughout  Notth  Carolina.  He  is 
survived  by  his  wife,  Ann;  a  son;  two  daughters;  and 
six  grandchildren. 

Leonora  Arthur  Coleman  '62  of  Durham,  on 
Feb.  22,  2008.  Aftet  gtaduating  from  Duke,  she 
attended  the  Philadelphia  College  of  Art.  She  cteat- 
ed  Claymakers,  a  center  that  serves  the  needs  of 
Ttiangle  area  pottets.  She  is  survived  by  a  daughtet,  a 
brother,  and  a  sister. 

John  Durkovich  B.D.  '62  of  Mathews,  Va.,  on 
Nov.  26,  2007.  A  World  War  II  Navy  veteran,  he 
served  as  a  United  Methodist  minister  for  52  years. 
He  was  also  a  chaplain  at  the  VA  Medical  Center  in 
Hampton,  Va.,  and  chief  ot  chaplains  at  the  Notthport, 
N.Y.,  Veterans  Hospital.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife, 
Betty;  a  son;  two  daughtets;  and  five  gtanddaughtets. 

Gerald  R.  Formanek  '62  of  Dallas,  on  Jan.  21, 
2008.  He  received  his  Th.M.  at  Dallas  Theological 
Seminary.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Betty;  a  son;  a 
brothet;  and  two  grandsons. 

Fred  A.  Carlisle  Jr.  B.D.  '64  of  Concord,  N.C., 


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on  Dec.  31,  2007.  An  Army  veteran,  he  was  a  minis- 
ter at  Homestead  United  Methodist  Church.  After 
his  retirement,  he  became  a  self-employed  account- 
ant and  stockbroker.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife, 
Carolyn;  three  sons;  two  daughters;  two  stepsons;  a 
stepdaughter,  two  brothers;  13  grandchildren;  and  six 
great-gtandchildren. 

Carolyn  Pierpont  French  '64  of  Baltimore,  on 
May  13,  2007.  She  was  a  member  of  Kappa  Alpha 
Theta  sorority.  She  is  survived  by  her  husband,  John; 
a  son;  three  stepsons;  her  mother;  and  seven  step- 
grandchildren. 

Vicki  Mock  B.S.N.  '64  of  Baltimote,  on  Nov.  15, 

2007.  She  earned  her  M.S.N,  from  the  University  of 
California-San  Francisco  and  her  Ph.D.  in  nursing 
from  Catholic  University.  She  was  a  professor  at  the 
Johns  Hopkins  School  of  Nursing.  There  she  chaired 
the  new  depattment  of  health  systems  and  outcomes, 
led  the  Center  for  Collaborative  Intervention  Re- 
search, and  directed  nursing  research  at  the  Kimmel 
Cancer  Center.  She  is  survived  by  her  husband,  Quent; 
a  son;  her  mothet;  and  sisters. 

Jane  V.  Rasberry  '64  of  Raleigh,  on  Jan.  14,  2008. 
She  worked  at  the  U.S.  Drug  Enforcement  Admin- 
istration and  Environmental  Protection  Agency  in 
Washington.  She  also  co-founded  and  ran  Sealberry 
Enterprises,  a  renovation  and  real-estate  business. 
She  is  survived  by  two  aunts  and  eight  cousins. 

William  R.  Fowler  Ph.D.  '65  of  Corning,  N.Y.,  on 
Jan.  4,  2008.  He  was  an  assistant  professor  of  psychol- 
ogy at  the  University  of  Georgia  for  five  years  and 
then  at  Clemson  University  for  thtee  yeats.  For  19 
years,  until  his  retirement,  he  was  chief  of  psychology 
services  at  the  Bath  VA  Medical  Center.  He  is  sur- 
vived by  his  wife,  Barbara;  a  daughter;  two  sons;  a 
stepson;  and  five  grandchildren. 

James  B.  Pignona  Jr.  '65  of  Koloa,  Hawaii,  on 
Jan.  26,  2008.  From  1966  to  1972,  he  served  in  the 
Vermont  Air  National  Guard  as  a  member  of  the 
134th  Fighter  Squadron.  After  musteting  out,  he 
became  involved  in  several  business  ventures  until 
his  retirement  in  1999,  when  he  moved  to  Hawaii. 
He  is  sutvived  by  a  brother. 

Joseph  L.  Schneider  A.M.  '66,  Ph.D.  '72  of  San 
Leandro,  Calif.,  on  May  10,  2006.  A  professor  of  lit- 
erature, he  joined  Cutry  College  in  1968.  He  was  the 
tecipient  of  two  Fulbfight  Exchange  awards  and  had 
twice  been  named  a  National  Endowment  for  the 
Humanities  Summer  Fellow.  Survivors  include  a  son. 

Robert  Dow  B.S.C.E.  '67  of  Killington,  Vt.,  on 
Feb.  9,  2008.  He  spent  three  years  with  the  Army 
Corps  of  Engineers,  including  one  year  as  a  platoon 
leader  and  commander  in  Vietnam.  After  12  years  in 
commercial  real  estate,  he  founded  Dow  Realty.  He  is 
survived  by  his  wife,  Lynne;  a  son;  a  daughter;  a 
brother;  and  three  gtandchildren. 

Rochelle  Peabody  Jones  '67  of  Fort 
Lauderdale,  Fla.,  on  Nov.  22,  2006.  She  was  an 
author,  journalist,  and  former  press  secretary  to  U.S. 
Congressman  Claude  Pepper.  She  published  four 
books  and  wrote  for  a  variety  ot  publications,  includ- 
ing The  Washington  Post  and  People  magazine. 

Richard  B.  Fuller  '68  of  Washington,  on  Feb.  12, 

2008.  During  the  Vietnam  War,  he  served  in  the  Ait 
Force.  He  worked  as  a  professional  staff  member  tor 
U.S.  Congressman  Bob  Edgar  of  Pennsylvania  and 
later  as  national  legislative  director  for  the  Paralyzed 
Vetetans  of  America.  He  is  survived  by  a  brother. 

William  A.  Simmons  A.M.  '68,  Ph.D.  '71  of 
Jamaica  Plain,  Mass.,  on  Dec.  8,  2006.  An  educator, 


.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


he  was  employed  by  Garland  Community  College. 
He  is  survived  by  a  son  and  daughter. 
Michael  W.  Gallagher  H  '69  of  South  Padre 
Island,  Texas,  on  Jan.  28,  2008.  He  was  a  cardiovas- 
cular thoracic  surgeon  in  private  pracrice  for  25  years. 
He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Mary;  five  sons;  three 
daughters;  three  sisters;  four  grandsons;  and  seven 
granddaughters. 

Jerry  D.  Adair  M.H.A.  70  of  Longview,  Texas,  on 
Nov.  21,  2007.  He  was  presidenr  and  CEO  of  Good 
Shepherd  Health  System  for  2 1  years.  He  is  survived 
by  his  wife,  Nancy;  a  son;  a  daughter;  and  a  grandson. 

Sara  Lee  Nichols  Upchurch  A.M.  70  of  High 
Point,  N.C.,  on  Feb.  15,  2008.  She  taught  language 
atts  and  social  studies  in  Durham  County  schools, 
including  Neal  Juniot  High  School,  Hope  Valley 
Elementary,  and  Cirnngt on  Junior  High.  She  is  sur- 
vived by  a  daughter  and  a  grandson. 

Joseph  W.  Brookshire  M.Div.  73  of  Franklin 
Springs,  Ga.,  on  Jan.  19,  2008.  He  received  a  B.S. 
from  the  University  or  Georgia  before  coming  to 
Duke.  He  is  sutvived  by  his  wife,  Ruth;  three  chil- 
dren; two  sisters;  and  a  granddaughter. 

Howard  F.  Davis  Jr.  H  75,  H  79  of  Corpus  Christi, 
Texas,  on  Dec.  30,  2007.  He  attended  Louisiana 
State  University  and  Louisiana  State  University 
Medical  School  and  served  a  tour  of  duty  in  the 
Army  before  coming  to  Duke  for  his  orthopedic  sur- 
gery residency.  He  practiced  medicine  in  Houston 
until  his  retirement.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Beth; 
two  sons;  a  daughter;  and  four  grandchildren. 

Courtland  Symmes  Jr.  Ph.D.  76  of  Mount 
Pleasant,  S.C.,  on  Jan.  31,  2008.  For  30  yeats,  he 
worked  with  MeadWestvaco,  a  packaging  company. 
He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Catherine;  four  sons;  two 
brothers,  including  Arthur  H.  Symmes  B.S.C.E. 
75;  and  a  sister,  Margaret  Lawson  78. 

D.  Gilbert  Lee  Jr.  B.S.E.  78  of  Washington,  on 
Feb.  1 ,  2008.  He  spent  his  career  at  the  Johns 
Hopkins  University's  Applied  Physics  Labotatory, 
working  on  creating  an  implantable  automatic  defib- 
rillator, instruments  for  Earth-otbiting  satellites,  and 
computet  networking  for  national  defense.  He  is  sur- 
vived by  his  wife,  Susan  Ciarrocca  Lee  73;  two 

sons;  his  mother;  his  father;  and  a  sister. 

Deborah  A.  Sugg  M.Ed.  79  of  Raleigh,  on  Dec. 
21,  2007.  She  was  visually  impaired  and  dedicated 
much  of  het  life  to  helping  those  with  similat  condi- 
tions. She  was  a  consultant  and  teachet  tot  visually 
impaited  children  in  the  Dutham  public  schools  and 
a  social  worker  for  the  Division  of  Services  for  the 
Blind  in  Dutham.  She  also  was  a  professor  of  special 
education  at  N.C.  Centtal  University.  She  is  survived 
by  her  mothet;  her  father,  Robert  W.  Sugg  '49;  a 
sister;  and  a  brother. 

John  David  Harrell  III  '81  of  Fairfax,  Va.,  onjuly 

1,  2008.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Nixola;  his  moth- 
et; and  a  brother. 

Donald  L.  Maclean  Jr.  MBA.  '83  of  Clinton, 
N.J.,  on  Jan.  31,  2008.  A  holder  of  more  than  40  U.S. 
patents,  he  was  the  vice  ptesident  of  gases  technology 
for  BOC  Group  Inc.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Carol; 
four  children;  two  sisters;  and  two  grandchildren. 

Carolyn  Elizabeth  Newey  BSE.  '83  of  Raleigh, 

on  June  25,  2008.  After  graduating,  she  worked  at  Duke 
Medical  Center  in  the  anesthesiology  department, 
focusing  on  patient  monitoting  equipment.  In  1985, 
she  joined  Avnet  Development  Labs/Channel  Mastet 
as  an  electronics  project  engineer.  Five  years  latet,  she 
joined  Microspace  Communications  Corp.,  eventually 


Classifieds 


ACCOMMODATIONS 

Paris,  SW  France,  Provence:  Comfortable  apart- 
ments, homes,  chateaux.  FHR@eatthlink.net. 
(503)  219-9190.  www.FrenchHomeRentals.com. 

Rome:  Bright,  elegant  apartment.  Marvelous 
beamed  ceilings.  Antiques.  Walk  to  Spanish  Steps, 
Trevi  Fountain.  (609)  683-3813.  jetas5@comcast.net. 

Edisto  Island,  S.C.:  Fantastic  beachfront  house 
sleeping  12.  Gteat  spting/fall  rates.  Near  Charleston. 
(202)  338-3877  for  information,  pictures. 

France:  Provencal  Farmhouse.  Stunning  ancestral 
home.  Magnificent  mountain  views.  Fields  of 
lavendet,  olive  trees.  Lovely  antiques,  gardens, 
pool.  Modern  kitchen  and  baths.  (609)  924-7520. 
gam  1  ©comcast.net. 

Italy/Tuscany:  Ancestral  villa  with  sweeping 
views.  Olive  groves,  vineyards,  gardens.  Antiques. 
Updated  kitchen,  baths.  Pool.  (609)  683-3813. 
jetas5@comcast.net. 

London:  My  apattment  neat  Marble  Arch  is  less 
expensive  than  a  hotel  and  a  whole  lot  nicet. 
(919)  929-3194.  elisabeth.fox@duke.edu 
Miami/Fort  Lauderdale  area,  FL:  Comfortable, 
fully  furnished  waterview  two-bedroom  apartment 
in  the  upscale  neighborhood  of  Aventuta,  between 
Miami  and  Fort  Lauderdale.  Overlooks  mega-yacht 
marina,  proximate  to  Aventura  Mall,  Turnberry  golf 
course,  Sunny  Isles  Beach  and  many  restaurants. 
(305)  527-0085;  alinio.azevedo@alumni.duke.edu. 

Paris:  Marais:  Luxury  rental  in  center  of  Paris. 
Close  proximity  Ticasso  Museum,  Centre  Pompidou 
and  othet  historical  sires  as  well  as  gourmet  shops 
of  Rue  de  Bretagne.  See  owner's  website  at 
www.patischapon.com. 

Paris,  Elegant  Left  Bank  Apartment: 

Sixth  Arrondissement.  Walk  to  Seine,  Louvre, 
and  Luxembourg  Gardens.  Near  open-air  market. 
(609)  924-7520.  gaml@comcast.net. 


MISCELLANEOUS 


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becoming  vice  president  of  engineet ing  and  operations. 
She  is  survived  by  her  mother,  a  sister,  and  a  brother 
Carleton  D.  Peterson  Th.M.  '85  of  Eagan,  Minn., 
on  Dec.  6,  2007.  For  25  years,  he  served  as  pastor  of 
Evangelical  Covenant  chutches  in  Washington  and 
Minnesota.  Latet  he  became  an  executive  coach.  He 
is  survived  by  his  wife,  Judy;  a  son;  five  daughters;  a 
btothet;  and  thtee  grandchildren. 

Douglas  E.  Thompson  S6ofSouthbridge, 
Mass.,  on  Dec.  16,  2007.  He  earned  his  M.D.  from 
Ohio  State  University.  He  is  survived  by  six  sisters, 
two  brothers,  two  stepsisters,  and  a  stepbrother. 


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Durham:  Coming  back  to  Duke?  Why  stay 
in  a  hotel?  Try  Duke  Tower  Condominiums, 

only  thtee  blocks  from  East  Campus  on 
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equipped.  Pool,  gardens,  cable  TV/HBO, 
WiFi,  bicycle  rental.  The  place  for  Duke  alumni 
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General  Manager:  Lee  Richardson,  T  76. 


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issue,  September  1,  mails  in  mid-November. 


Jennifer  Anne  Fitzgerald  Ph.D.  04  of 
Appleton,  Wis.,  on  Dec.  23,  2007.  She  earned  her 
B.A.  with  a  major  in  music  from  Tufts  University  and 
a  certificate  in  women's  studies  from  Duke,  in  addi- 
tion to  a  Ph.D.  in  music.  She  was  an  assistant  profes- 
sor of  music  at  Lawrence  University.  She  is  survived 
by  her  partner,  ( 'h.irlcs  her  p.irenrs  ,i  stepfathet;  a 
stepmother;  and  a  sistet. 

Aolok  Shishir  Modi  '09  of  Columbus,  Ohio,  on 
Feb.  14,  2008.  At  Duke,  he  majored  in  chemistry  and 
was  actively  involved  in  the  Global  Health  Forum  on 
campus.  He  is  survived  by  his  parents  and  a  brother. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     September-October  2008 


Under  the  Gargoyle 


The  Year  of  Living  Meaningfully 

By  GERALD  LEE  WILSON  and  VIRGINIA  S.  WILSON 


any  of  the  students  who  entered 
Duke  in  the  late  1960s  were  ex- 
pecting the  kind  of  college  expe- 
rience their  parents  and  older  sib- 
lings had  talked  about,  or  that  they  had 
seen  in  movies  and  on  television.  This  was 
not  to  be  the  case. 

The  year  1968  was,  for  those  who  found 
comfort  in  a  world  of  stability  and  order,  the 
worst  of  times;  for  those  who  challenged  the 
existing  order,  the  best  of  times.  No  tradi- 
tion or  idea  was  so  sacred  that  it  could  not 
be  examined  and  discarded. 

One  observer,  Mark  Kurlansky,  in  his 
book  1968:  The  Year  That  Rocked  the  World, 
wrote,  "There  occurred  a  spontaneous  com- 
bustion of  rebellious  spirits  around  the  world." 
But  in  the  U.S.,  at  least,  1968  was  the  cul- 
mination ot  trends  two  or  more  decades  in 
the  making.  Though  our  college  generation, 
that  of  the  1950s  (which  really  lasted  until 
1963),  was  known  by  later  scholars  as  the 
"silent,  conforming  generation,"  there  was  an 
undercurrent  of  a  rebellious  spirit,  given 
expression  in  the  James  Dean  film  Rebel 
Without  A  Cause  and  Jack  Kerouac's  On  the 
Road.  One  Kerouac  character  says,  "We 
gotta  go  and  never  stop  until  we  get  there." 
The  response  was,  "Where  we  going,  man?" 
"I  don't  know  man,  but  we  gotta  go."  By 
1968,  this  vague  angst  found  a  focus  in  the 
civil  rights  movement  and  then  the  Viet- 
nam War,  with  the  looming  possibility  of 
students  being  drafted. 

Recently  we  sent  e-mail  messages  to  cur- 
rent students  asking  tor  their  impressions  of 
1968.  Some  cited  the  assassinations  of  Mar- 
tin Luther  King  Jr.  and  Robert  Kennedy,  the 
withdrawal  of  President  Lyndon  Johnson 
from  the  presidential  race,  the  rise  of  politi- 
cal figutes  such  as  Richard  Nixon  LL.B.  '37 
and  George  Wallace,  and  the  beginning  of  a 
backlash  that  turned  the  nation  to  the  right. 
Others  mentioned  the  Soviet  suppression  of 
the  Prague  uprising,  the  Tet  offensive  in 
South  Vietnam,  and  the  Black  Power  salute 
at  the  Olympics  in  Mexico. 


A  few  respondents  took  an  analytical  ap- 
proach, saying,  for  example,  "The  year's 
events  shattered  the  nation's  hopes  and 
marked  society's  transformation  from  opu- 
lence to  uproar."  A  slightly  different  view 
came  from  another  student,  who  mused  on 
"free-loving,  carefree,  drug  experimenting 
hippies  ...  a  socially  involved  generation 
unashamedly  voicing  their  anti-war  opin- 
ions. I  also  think  of  Bob  Dylan  and  Joan 
Baez  . . .  and  others  who  rendered  tunes  of 
an  era."  As  that  student  may  or  may  not 
have  realized,  Dylan,  Baez,  and  others  set 
the  stage  for  today's  edgy  rappers. 

No  student  commented  on  the  events  at 
Duke  in  1968 — particularly  the  vigil  that 
followed  King's  assassination  on  April  5, 
1968.  Perhaps  the  most  insightful  analysis 
of  the  meaning  of  the  vigil  came  only  a  few 
short  months  after  the  event.  Trustee 
Charles  B.  Wade  Jr.  '38,  speaking  before  the 
Jurisdictional  Conference  of  the  Methodist 
Church,  as  reported  in  The  Chronicle  that 
October,  said:  "Think  ever  so  quietly  with 
me  for  a  moment  and  reflect  with  pride. 
What  kind  of  administrative  leadership, 
what  kind  of  faculty  and  student  leadership 
do  you  wish  to  support,  one  which  wishes  to 
riot  over  football  or  one  which  conducts  a 
vigil  over  human  injustice?" 

That  concern  with  human  injustice,  which 
reached  a  sort  of  pinnacle  in  1968,  has 
morphed  from  protest  to  civic  engagement 
in  programs  like  DukeEngage.  Among  today's 
prelaw  students — always  a  large  population 
at  Duke — there  is  more  interest  in  pro  bono 
work,  and  many  take  positions  in  law  firms 
that  allow  them  to  pursue  that  interest. 

Institutionally,  the  protests  for  racial  jus- 
tice resulted  in  Duke's  efforts  to  diversify 
the  curriculum,  the  student  body,  and  the 
faculty.  Women  on  East  Campus  demanded 
the  same  freedoms  enjoyed  by  men,  along 
with  curricular  offerings  that  would  high- 
light the  role  of  women  in  history  and  soci- 
ety. Students  also  called  for  greater  partici- 
patory democracy  both  in  the  nation  and  in 


college  governance.  The  success  of  their  ef- 
forts at  Duke  can  be  seen  by  the  number  of 
students  now  on  various  university  commit- 
tees as  well  as  young  alumni  serving  on  the 
board  of  trustees. 

Still,  the  legacy  from  1968  was  mixed. 
Some  argue  that  the  expanded  and  more 
inclusive  curriculum  has  led  to  a  decline  in 
academic  standards.  Others  say  the  culture 
of  experimentation  left  the  sad  legacy  of 
making  drug  use  somewhat  the  norm  among 
students.  The  free-love  experiment  turned 
out  not  to  be  so  free:  Today's  students  pay  the 
price  in  terms  not  only  of  the  fear  of  con- 
tracting diseases  but  also,  in  some  cases,  the 
reality.  As  one  current  student  observed 
about  1968,  "I  can  feel  the  beginning  of  the 
world  in  which  I  live,  full  of  the  freedoms 
that  will  soon  bring  anxieties  and  the  prom- 
ises that  will  only  be  partially  realized."  All 
too  often  these  anxieties  result  in  students 
questioning  their  identity  and  self-worth  in 
a  way  that  is  counterproductive. 

Rumble  Fish,  a  1983  film  based  on  S.E.  Hin- 
ton's  novel  reflecting  on  the  youth  of  the 
1950s,  contains  a  line  that  well  defines  that 
generation:  "To  be  young  is  not  to  express 
your  own  sense  of  self,  but  it  is  about  learn- 
ing to  be  what  others  have  scripted  for  you." 
In  contrast,  the  greatest  legacy  from  1968 
and  its  surrounding  years  for  today's  stu- 
dents may  be  that  they  have  the  opportuni- 
ty in  a  more  open,  diverse,  and  rights-con- 
scious society  to  write  their  own  scripts. 

Gerald  Lee  Wilson  Ph.D.,  B.D.  '61,  A.M. 
'67  is  senior  associate  dean  of  Trinity  College 
of  Arts  and  Sciences  and  teaches  American 
history.  Virginia  S.  Wilson  '62,  M.A.T.  '63, 
Ph.D. '75  is  dean  of  humanities  at  the  North 
Carolina  School  of  Science  and  Mathematics. 
She  also  teaches  in  the  Duke  Education  and 
M.A.T.  programs. 


iw.dukemaga:  ine.duke.edu 


Homecoming  &    * 
Half  Century  Club 

Weekend  October  17-19 


Llltumn  On  CampUS  the  time  for  alumni 
all  ages  —  and  students  —  to  engage,  connect, 
id  celebrate  during  a  weekend  of  activities: 

Young  Alumni  and  Senior  Class  Reception 

•  Half  Century  Club  Gala 

•  President's  Homecoming  Dance 

•  Step  Show 

•  Campus  tours 

•  Football 

For  a  complete  schedule  and  to  register  for  events: 
www.Homecoming.DukeAlumni.com.      ^ 

Educational  Programs 

Duke  Arts  and  Academics  will  feature: 

•  The  dollar  at  home  and  abroad 

•  You  are  what  you  eat 

•  Is  the  U.S.  ready  for  a  black  president? 

•  Jazz  in  the  afternoon 

•  El  Greco  at  the  Nasher 

Affinity  Groups 

Celebrate  the  A.B.  Duke  Scholarship  program's  60th  and 
the  Mary  Lou  Williams  Center's  25th  anniversaries,  DUBAC 
the  Physical  Therapy  program,  and  other  campus  groups' 
reunions.  For  details,  visit  www.DukeAffinity.com. 


Homecoming  to  celebrate  alumni  who 
graduated  in  1958  or  before.  More 
information  will  be  coming  your  way. 


Engage  •  Connect  •  Celebrate 

Duke 


ALUMNI    ASSOCIATION 


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25  YEARS 

DUKE 


Campus  controversies 9  Cultural  trends 
Student  life    Research  breakthroughs    Alumni  updates 

DUKE 

Look  back.  Look  ahead. 
The  DUKE  MAGAZINE  25th  anniversary  issue    May-June  2009 


r  of  Bloomsbury 
Neuroscientists  Study  Risk 
Future  of  Athletics 


KE  SAFE 


Cover:  photo  by  Paul  Conrath. 


Vol.  94,  No.  6 


EDITOR:  Robert  J.  Bliwise  A.M.  '88 

MANAGING  EDITOR:  Zoelngalls 

SENIOR  WRITER:  Bridget  Booher  '82.  A.M.  •' 

CLAY  FELKER  MAGAZINE  FELLOW: 

Jacob  Dagger '03 

SENIOR  EDITORIAL  ASSISTANT:  Kate  Bailey 
PUBLISHERS:  SterlyL  Wilder '83  and 
Peler  Vaughn 


Kevin  Plattenburg  '12,  Sherril  Yuen  '12 
DESIGN  CONSULTANT: 
Maxine  Mills  Graphic  Design 
PRINTER:  Progress  Printing 


OFFICERS,  DUKE  ALUMNI  ASSOCIATION: 

Ann  Pelham  '74,  president 

Sterly  L.  Wilder  '83,  secretary-treasurer 


DUKE 


M 


a  g  a  z  l  n  e 


NOVEMBER-DECEMBER  2008 


Peter  Applebome '71,  chair: 

Sarah  Hardesty  Bray  '72;  Jennifer  Farmer  '96 

Jerrold  K.  Footlick;  Robbvn  Footlick  '8S 

Edward  M.  Gomez  79:  Devin  Gordon  '98 

Kerry  E.  Hannon  '82;  John  Harwood  '78 

Dave  Karger  '95:  Nora  Krug  '92 

Stephen  Labaton  A.M./J.D.  '86 

Hugo  Lindgren  '90;  Sara  Lipka  '01 

Julia  Livshin  '96;  Valerie  A.  May  '77 

Susannah  Meadows  '95;  Michael  Milstein  '88 

N.Page  Murray  III '85;  Will  Pearson '01 

Lauren  Porcaro  '96;  Shaun  Raviv  '01 

Richard  Reeves;  Jim  Rosenfield  '81 

Susan  Tifft  '73;  Greg  Veis  '03;  Jane  Vessels  '77 

David  Walters '04;  James  O.Wilson '74 

Shelby  Oppel  Wood  '95;  Robert  J.  Bliwise  A.M.  '88, 

secretary;  Clay  Felker  '51,  founding  chair 

DUKE  MAGAZINE 

Box  90572,  Durham,  N.C.  27708 

PHONE:  (919)  684-2875;  FAX:  (919)  681-1659 

E-MAIL  dukemag.aduke.edu 

ADDRESS  CHANGES: 

Alumni  Records.  Box  90581 

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www.dukemaga2ine.duke 


Crime  Happens  b^  Bridget  Booher 

In  the  wake  of  the  Virginia  Tech  tragedy,  Duke,  like  other  universities,  is  giving  heightened 

attention  to  safety  and  security 

Let  It  Ride:  The  Neuroscience  of  Risk  by  John  Pearson 

Are  some  people  just  born  risk-takers,  indifferent  to  chance,  or  is  there  something  deep 
within  all  of  us  that  drives  us  to  gamble? 

Bloomsbury  Blossoms  Again  by  Robert].  Bliwise 

A  century  after  the  Bloomsbury  Group  formed  as  an  informal  creative  enterprise,  economist 
Craufurd  Goodwin  sees  the  boundary-pushing  circle  of  friends  as  enduringly  important 


Department 


■■*■  * 


Published  bimonthly  by  the  Office  ot  Alumni  Affairs 


Quad  Quotes 

Wayward  financial  institutions,  endangered 
fish  populations,  outdated  alcohol  prohibitions 

Forum 

Tuition  pressures,  liberal  leanings,  Latin  origins 

Full  Frame 

Voting  illuminated 

Gazette 

Arts-focused  message  for  Founders'  Day,  Muslim  chaplain  for  religious  life,  global 
expansion  for  Fuqua;  Campus  Observer:  navigating  community  service;  Q&A: 
the  new  strategist  in  athletics 

Books 

Styron's  moral  core,  aviation's  day  of  testing 

Alumni  Register 

A  campus-wide  party,  a  roster  of  honored  volunteers,  a  guidance-giving  network; 
Retrospective:  prepping  students  for  Trinity  College;  mini-profiles:  utility  player, 
clinic  administrator,  specialty  publisher 

Under  the  Gargoyle 

Conveying  the  mystery  of  Milton 


Between 
the  Lines 


Over  the  years,  the  magazine  has 
showcased  writers  with  impres- 
sive credentials  in  the  profession 
— the  profession  of  writing,  that 
is.  But  publishing  a  neuroscientist-writer 
like  John  Pearson,  a  postdoctoral  re- 
searcher, is  a  novelty. 

Pearson  earned  his  Ph.D.  in  2004  from 
Princeton  University,  where  he  studied 
string  theory  and  quantum  gravity.  The 
next  year  he  came  to  Duke  to  work  on 
problems  in  theoretical  and  computation- 
al neuroscience. 

"We  as  humans  are  a  pretty  self-involved 
species,  and  what  most  neuroscience  is 
really  about — even  when  we  work  on 
fruit  flies  or  mice — is  understanding  the 
human  brain,"  he  says.  "As  impressive  as 
quantum  mechanics  is,  it's  pretty  hard  to 
get  people  to  care  about  electronics  orbit- 
ing in  atoms.  But  everyone  wants  to  hear 
about  how  our  brains  allow  us  to  under- 
stand speech,  recall  memories  from  thirty 
years  ago,  or  become  addicted  to  drugs." 

As  a  field,  neuroscience  is  experiencing 
an  impressive  rate  of  growth.  Pearson 
points  out  that  this  year's  attendance  at 
the  Society  for  Neuroscience  conference 
should  exceed  30,000. 

Even  as  the  field  of  journalism  is  con- 
tracting rather  than  expanding,  Pearson 
is  an  eager  reader  of  science  writing.  "It's 
the  physicist  in  me  talking,  but  I  like  to 
see  articles  where  a  writer  investigates 
something  other  than  the  latest  thing 
that  makes  us  sick  or  increases  our  gas 
mileage."  Scientific  progress,  after  all,  can 
be  slow,  and  the  full  impact  may  not  be 
apparent  immediately — which  is  why 
Nobel  Prizes  tend  to  be  awarded  decades 
after  the  relevant  discovery. 

As  he  sees  it,  the  best  science  writing 
comes  from  taking  the  time  to  "really 
hang  around  scientists,  learn  not  only 
what  they  study,  but  also  how  they  think, 
even  how  they  speak,  about  what  they 
do."  Pearson,  in  probing  whether  risk-tak- 
ing can  be  reduced  to  the  firing  patterns 
of  neurons,  brings  that  standard  to  his 
story  for  this  issue. 

— Robert  J.  Bliwise,  editor 


QUAD  QUOTES 


"To  say  that  other  animals 
are  overpopulating  our  ter- 
ritory seems  a  little  human- 
centric  and  not  exactly  fair. 
Although  humans  are  defi- 
nitely overpopulated,  I 
can't  see  Duke  ever  starting 
to  cull  them." 

—Aaron  Sandel,  junior  and 
president  of  Duke  Students  for 
the  Protection  of  Animals,  on 
Duke  contracting  with  profes- 
sional hunting  groups  to  kill 
deer  to  reduce  overpopulation 
in  Duke  Forest,  in  The  Chronicle 

"The  answer  came  from  a 
lot  of  people:  'The  best  per- 
son is  [Matory],  but  you  will 
not  be  able  to  move  him.' 
Whenever  someone  tells 
me  I  can't  do  something, 
that  really  motivates  me." 

—George  McLendon,  dean  of 
Trinity  College  and  dean  of  the 
faculty  of  Arts  and  Sciences,  on 
hiring  J.  Lorand  Matory,  Duke's 
next  chair  of  African  and  Af- 
rican American  Studies,  away 
from  Harvard,  in  The  Chronicle 

"In  years  to  come,  the  real 
story  will  not  be  the  subprime 
crisis  or  some  housing  bub- 
ble. It  will  be  the  spectacular 
failure  of  risk-management 
systems  in  our  so-called  lead- 
ing financial  institutions." 

—Campbell  Harvey,  professor 

of  finance  at  the  Fuqua  School 

of  Business,  on  the  economy, 

in  BusinessWeek 

"Things  are  tanking  all 
around  us.  When  does  it 
have  to  be  bad  enough  to 
get  people's  attention?" 
—Larry  Crowder,  Stephen  Toth 
Professor  of  marine  biology, 
on  a  new  study  that  shows  that 
four  in  ten  freshwater  fish  species, 
including  hundreds  of  sub- 
species in  North  America,  are  in 
trouble,  in  The  New  York  Times 

"When  people  see  me,  some- 
times they'll  ask,  'Iraq?'  Re- 


gardless of  their  politics, 
they'll  often  say,  'Thank  you 
for  your  service  and  your 
sacrifice,'  which  I  appreciate." 

—Jonathan  Kuniholm,  a  Duke 
biomedical  engineering  gradu- 
ate student  whose  right  arm  was 
amputated  below  the  elbow 
after  he  was  injured  in  an  am- 
bush while  serving  with  the 
Marines  in  Iraq,  speaking  at  the 
Democratic  National  Convention 

"One  traditional  conserva- 
tive principle  is  judicial 
restraint,  the  idea  that 
courts  should  not  overturn 
actions  of  elected  represen- 
tatives except  in  extraordi- 
nary cases  of  clear  mistakes. 
But  there  have  been  plenty 


of  instances  in  recent  years 
in  which  the  justices  have 
voted  to  declare  as  uncon- 
stitutional measures  where 
it  was  not  clear-cut  that  any 
mistake  was  made." 

—University  of  Chicago  iaw 
professor  David  A.  Strauss, 
declaring  the  end  of  judicial 
conservatism  as  a  coherent 
legal  vision  in  a  lecture  at 
Duke's  School  of  Law 

"Right  now,  I'm  kind  of 

speechless." 

—First-year  student  Ashante 

Biggors,  seeing  Duke's  campus 
for  the  first  time  on  move-in 
day,  in  Durham's  Herald-Sun 

"You  have  to  decide  on  the 
boundaries,  the  rules,  how 


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Right  sport,  wrong  field:  Two  skyc 

livers  hired  to  deliver  the  game  ball  to  UNC  missed  their  mark, 

~~E 

landing  instead  ii 

Ovallace  Wade  Stadium,  where  Duke  \ 

/vas  warming  up  for  its  season  opener  against  James  Madison. 

many  turns  everybody  gets. 
One  of  the  advantages  of 
pickup  games  as  opposed  to 
Little  Leagues  is  kids  have 
to  make  decisions." 

—Steven  Asher,  professor  of 

psychology  and  neuroscience, 

on  the  benefits  of  "free  play" 

time,  in  the  Chicago  Sun-Times 

"The  current  law  has  not 
prevented  alcohol  from 
being  available,  and  drink- 
ing is  widespread  at  all 
American  colleges,  and  at 
younger  ages  as  well.  But  at 
colleges  and  universities, 
the  law  does  have  other 
effects:  It  pushes  drinking 
into  hiding,  heightening  its 


risks,  including  risks  from 
drunken  driving;  and  it  pre- 
vents us  from  addressing 
drinking  with  students  as  an 
issue  of  responsible  choice." 
—President  Richard  H.  Brod- 
head,  in  a  statement  posted  on 
the  website  of  the  Amethyst 
Initiative,  a  group  endorsed  by 
more  than  100  college  chan- 
cellors and  presidents  that 
encourages  lawmakers  to 
rethink  the  drinking  age 

"We're  living  in  a  time 
where  every  day  on  televi- 
sion, in  newspapers  and 
magazines,  people  are  using 
the  word  'carbon'  with 
increasing  frequency,  in 
conversations  of  increasing 


importance,  and  no  one 
knows  what  carbon  means." 

—Eric  Roston,  senior  associate 

in  the  Nicholas  Institute's 

Washington  office  and  author 

of  The  Carbon  Age,  on  Comedy 

Central's  The  Colbert  Report 

"This  is  a  slap  in  [the]  face 
for  the  FCC.  Every  broad- 
caster is  rejoicing  right  now." 

—Stuart  M.  Benjamin,  professor 
of  law,  after  an  appeals  court 
struck  down  the  $550,000 
fine  the  Federal  Communica- 
tions Commission  assessed 
CBS  in  the  wake  of  Janet 
Jackson's  2004  Super  Bowl 
"wardrobe  malfunction,"  in 
The  Philadelphia  Inquirer 

"Large  segments  of  public 
opinion  think  it  ought  to  be 


easy  for  Congress  to  work 
together  to  solve  public 
problems.  And  therefore  if 
they  disagree,  there  must  be 
something  wrong  with 


—David  Rohde,  Ernestine  Friedl 

Professor  of  political  science, 

explaining  Congress'  low 

approval  rating,  in  USA  Today 

"It's  a  better  venue  than 

bars  or  parties." 

—Sean  Biederman  '05,  on  the 

Freeman  Center  for  Jewish 

Life,  in  Raleigh's  News  & 

Observer.  Biederman  and  his 

fiancee,  Livia  Fine  '04,  are  one 

of  five  couples  planning  to 

marry  over  the  next  year  who 

met  there,  according  to  a 

recent  Duke  Hillel  newsletter. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     Novemher-I\vcmkr  AW 


Forum 


Show  Them  the  Money 

I  read  with  interest  "The 
Best,  the  Brightest,  and  the 
Neediest?"  Robert  J.  Bli- 
wise's  article  about  recent 
increases  in  financial-aid 
programs  at  the  nation's  top 
universities  [July-August 
2008].  Although  it  is  excit- 
ing to  see  Duke  making 
itself  affordable  to  families 
with  annual  incomes  under 
$60,000,  Duke  is  still  out  of 
reach  for  the  large  swath  of 
students  who  come  from 
middle-class  families  earn- 
ing more  than  $60,000  per 
year,  but  decidedly  less  than 
the  $250,000  annual 
income  of  over  a  quarter  of 
Duke  students'  families. 

As  a  Duke  freshman  in 
1991-92, 1  learned  that  my 
parents  would  not  be  able  to 
foot  the  bill  for  another  year 
at  Duke.  A  financial-aid 
officer  showed  me  the  figure 
that  my  parents  were  ex- 
pected to  contribute,  an 
amount  that  would  have 
required  them  to  take  a  sec- 
ond mortgage  on  their  home 
and  would  have  drastically 
limited  higher-education 
options  for  my  siblings. 

When  I  explained  that 
this  wasn't  affordable,  she 
told  me  that  there  was  sim- 
ply no  alternative  formula 
that  took  into  account  par- 
ents' inability  to  pay  the 
amount  the  accepted  for- 
mula dictated — a  clear  ac- 
knowledgment that  the  ac- 
cepted formula  was  flawed. 
While  offering  additional 
aid  to  families  below  the 
$60,000  mark  is  helpful,  it 
doesn't  begin  to  address  the 
problem  faced  by  so  many 


middle-income  families, 
who  must  choose  between 
maintaining  a  financial 
safety  net  and  sending  their 
kids  to  private  universities. 
A  year  after  I  transferred 
away  from  Duke,  I  was 
deemed  an  alumna  and 
started  receiving  Annual 
Fund  requests.  The  sad 
thing  is,  I  had  loved  my 
year  at  Duke  so  much  that  I 
momentarily  considered 
contributing!  I  did  eventu- 
ally return  to  Duke  for  law 
school,  happily  putting 
myself  into  debt  and  finally 
getting  my  four  full  years  on 
campus.  I  shudder  to  think 
now  how  much  larger  my 
mountain  of  debt  would  be 
had  my  parents  managed  to 
fund  the  rest  of  my  under- 
graduate education  there. 

Jennifer  Sullivan  '95 ,  J.D.  '99 
Boulder,  Colorado 

Nits  to  Pick 

I  have  several  questions 
about  material  in  the  July- 
August  2008  issue  of  Duke 
Magazine: 

( 1 )  Are  we  supposed  to  be 
proud  that  a  Duke  law  pro- 
fessor is  arguing  against  the 
handgun  ban  in  Washing- 


ton [Quad  Quotes]  ?  Thirty- 
two  years  of  D.C.  crime  his- 
tory should  make  it  clear 
that  banning  handguns 
does  not  reduce  violent 
crime.  D.C.  has  one  of  the 
highest  violent  crime  rates 
in  the  U.S.,  and  the  law  was 
clearly  unconstitutional. 

(2)  Wouldn't  it  have  been 
more  encouraging  to  say 
that  conservative  Protes- 
tants give  away  a  signifi- 
cantly higher  (five  to  ten 
times)  proportion  of  their 
wealth  than  the  population 
overall,  than  to  talk  about 
how  little  they  retain  [Gaz- 
ette] ?  Couldn't  the  argu- 
ment be  made  that  conser- 
vative Protestants  spend 
more  of  their  time  in  chari- 
table pursuits  than  in  pur- 
suit of  the  almighty  dollar? 

(3)  Why  is  a  Duke  depart- 
ment changing  [its]  name  to 
incorporate  the  word  "evo- 
lutionary" at  a  time  when 
more  and  more  educated  and 
scientific  people  are  ques- 
tioning macro-evolution 
due  to  the  overwhelming 
lack  of  supporting  evidence 
[In  Brief]?  Is  this  political 
support  for  a  losing  cause? 

Jim  Robinson  '75 
Norcross,  Georgia 


Book  Lover 


I  loved  seeing  Julie  Goler 
'90  as  prepared  by  Cather- 
ine Grace  [Mini-profile, 
July-August  2008].  Duke 
should  know  that  we  treas- 
ure Julie  as  a  colleague  at 
Beverly  Hills  High  School 
and  as  a  book-group  facilita- 
tor extraordinaire.  Duke 
should  be  proud! 

Karen  Boyarsky, 

head  librarian 

Beverly  Hills  High  School 

Beverly  Hills,  California 

Straight  Pride 

Four  years  ago,  I  sat  through 
an  LGBT  session  at  the 
University  of  North  Caro- 
lina with  my  daughter  and 
wondered,  "Why  do  these 
people  have  to  announce 
it  from  the  housetops  that 
they  are  gay?"  In  her  dorm, 
we  had  to  look  at  gay  info 
sessions  posters  and  be  kind 
to  gay  people  literature  on 
the  dorm  info  boards.  I  won- 
dered where  the  heterosex- 
ual meetings  were  being 
held. 

Two  years  ago,  my  son 
was  invited  to  the  gay  pride 
parade  at  Duke's  new-stu- 


/.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


dent  orientation;  he  attend- 
ed and  wondered  also  why 
is  it  that  these  people  feel 
they  have  to  announce  theit 
orientation  to  the  world. 
I  think  Duke  has  topped 
Carolina,  however,  in  its 
redundant  coverage  of  this 
minority — there's  got  to  be 
a  more  interesting  crowd 
out  there  to  write  about.  I 
probably  will  cancel  my 
Duke  Magazine  subscription. 

Rita  White  P  '10 
Pinehurst,  North  Carolina 

I  am  ashamed  that  Duke 
awarded  a  degree  to  as 
narrow  a  mind  as  that  of 


C.  Leon  Gibbs  [Forum, 
July-August  2008]. 

John  Marth  '59 
Edgewater,  Maryland 

Stickler  Identified 

I  am  writing  in  response  to 
the  letter  from  Robert  Clay- 
ton '58  in  the  March-April 
2008  issue  regarding  the 
Latin  professor  who  pushed 
to  change  the  wording  on 
the  Duke's  seal  from  Univer- 
sitatis  Dukensis ,  or  "Univer- 
sity of  Duke,"  to  the  more 
accurate  Universitas  Dukiana 
— "Duke  University." 
I  wanted  to  fill  in  the  gap 


in  his  memory.  Mr.  Clayton's 
Latin  professor  must  have 
been  my  grandfather,  Dr. 
Robert  S.  Rogers,  who 
taught  at  Duke  from  1937 
until  his  death  in  1968.  My 
father,  David  T.  Rogers  '56, 
has  said  that  the  error  in 
the  university  seal  frustrated 
his  father,  the  Latin  scholar, 
who,  according  to  my  father 
and  his  brother,  Robert  T. 
Rogers  B.S.E  '57,  always 
insisted  on  accuracy. 

We  all  are  pleased  to 
know  that  Professor  Rogers 
is  remembered  still. 

Carolyn  Rogers  Barricfc  '85 
Georgetown,  Texas 


Corrections  The  name 
of  the  company  manufac- 
turing the  CDX-1 10 
brain  tumor  vaccine  was 
incorrectly  stated  in 
"Mind  Over  Matter," 
July-August  2008.  It  is 
AVANT  Immunothera- 
peutics. 

Editor's  note  We  learned 
from  reader  Laird  Blue  '63 
that  he  is  the  young  man  pic- 
tured in  the  photo  that  ap- 
peared in  the  September-Oc- 
tober 2008  issue  on  page  61 
(Register).  His  date  is  Caro- 
lyn Jones  Tuchschmid  '63. 


Supporting  the  Duke  Student- Athlete  Since  1970 


Duke  University  takes  great  pride  in  knowing  that  our  student-athletes  embody  the  true 
spirit  of  what  college  athletics  is  all  about.  Whether  it  is  on  the  field,  in  the  classroom, 
or  in  the  community,  the  men  and  women  who  wear  the  Duke  jersey  are  without  a  doubt 
what  makes  Duke  Athletics  so  special.  For  more  information  on  how  you  can  support 
Duke's  student-athletes,  please  call  (919)  613-7575  or  log  on  to  www.IronDukes.net. 


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DUKE  MAGAZINE     November-December  ZOOS 


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Gazette 


ACROSS  THE  CAMPUS 


Honoring  institutional 
beginnings:  Founders' 
Day  ceremonies 
included  tributes  to 
Haltom,  Forlines, 
and  Bostock,  left  to 
right,  below,  and  the 
traditional  procession 
with  the  university 
mace,  carried  by 
University  Marshal 
Emeritus  Richard 
White. 


Endorsing  the  Arts 

Duke's  107th  annual  Founders'  Day 
Convocation,  held  in  Duke  Chapel 
in  October,  featured  a  strong  call 
for  commitment  to  the  arts  and  hu- 
manities. The  convocation  speaker  was  Crau- 
furd  Goodwin  Ph.D.  '58,  James  B.  Duke  Pro- 
fessor of  economics  and  a  key  organizer  of 
this  year's  Bloomsbury  celebration  at  Duke 
(see  "Bloomsbury  Blooms  Again,"  page  38). 

Goodwin  noted  that  his  own  department 
serves  one-fifth  of  the  majors  in  Trinity  Col- 
lege. "I  don't  think  this  imbalance  is  good  for 
the  college,  my  department,  or  the  student 
majors  themselves,"  he  said.  "For  life  out- 
side their  jobs,  a  broad  liberal  education  will 
be  their  best  guide  and  best  resource." 


For  too  long,  most  of  the  university  com- 
munity has  thought  of  the  humanities  and 
the  arts  as  "relatively  isolated  units  that, 
except  for  occasional  provision  of  enter- 
tainment, do  what  they  do  unconnected  to 
the  rest  of  the  institution,"  he  added.  "They 
should  be  thought  of  instead  as  purveyors  of 
enlightenment  for  scholars  at  all  levels  and 
relevant  to  fields  from  mathematics  to  pub- 
lic policy,  from  law  to  engineering." 

During  the  ceremony,  John  A.  Forlines  '39 
and  Allison  Haltom  '72  were  awarded  the 
University  Medal  for  Distinguished  Meri- 
torious Service,  one  of  Duke's  highest  honors. 

Forlines  led  the  Bank  of  Granite  in  Gran- 
ite Falls,  North  Carolina,  for  fifty-two  years, 
helping  to  turn  one  of  the  state's  smallest 
banks  into  one  of  the  nation's  best-known 


and  most-profitable  community  banks.  Presi- 
dent of  the  Duke  Alumni  Association  from 
1970  to  1971,  he  received  the  alumni  asso- 
ciation's Distinguished  Alumni  Award  and 
served  as  a  Duke  trustee  from  1974  to  1990. 
He  has  served  on  many  other  boards,  in- 
cluding the  original  board  of  Duke's  Man- 
agement Company  (DUMAC),  which  man- 
ages the  university's  endowment  fund. 

After  graduating  from  Duke's  former 
Woman's  College,  Haltom  joined  the  staff 
of  the  undergraduate  admissions  office.  In 
1976,  she  was  named  assistant  director  of 
annual  giving;  she  was  later  promoted  to 
director  of  the  Duke  Annual  Fund,  the  first 
woman  to  hold  that  position.  She  became 
university  secretary  in  1986  and  was  named 
vice  president  in  2001 .  As  a  Duke  volunteer, 


GO  BEYOND  THE  PRINT 


Get  links  to  online  content  related  to  Gazette  stories:  www.dukemagazine.duke.edu/resources. 


dukemagazine.duke.edu 


she  has  served  on  the  Duke  Alumni  Asso- 
ciation's board  of  directors. 

Founders'  Day  also  saw  the  bestowing  of 
several  other  high  honors.  Roy  Bostock  '62 
received  Duke's  Distinguished  Alumni 
Award.  The  Alumni  Distinguished  Under- 
graduate Teaching  Award  went  to  Henri  P. 
Gavin,  W.H.  Gardner  Jr.  Associate  Profes- 
sor of  civil  engineering.  The  University 
Scholar/Teacher  of  the  Year  Award,  given 
by  the  Board  of  Higher  Education  and  Min- 
istry of  the  United  Methodist  Church,  was 
presented  to  Larry  B.  Crowder,  Stephen 
Toth  Professor  of  marine  biology. 


Economic  Outlook 

In  early  October,  as  world  financial  mar- 
kets rose  and  fell  with  each  new  piece 
of  news  about  a  potential  bailout  bill 
working  its  way  through  the  U.S.  Con- 
gress, President  Richard  H.  Brodhead  con- 
vened a  campus-wide  President's  Forum  on 
Critical  Issues  focused  on  the  economy. 

The  forum  featured  a  panel  discussion 
that  drew  on  the  expertise  of  Duke  faculty 
members  in  law,  business,  economics,  and 
political  science.  It  was  aimed  at  students 
and  other  Duke  community  members  inter- 
ested in  learning  more  about  the  situation's 
causes,  potential  solutions,  and  likely  effects 
on  the  November  elections. 

Panel  member  James  Cox,  Brainerd  Cur- 
rie  Professor  of  law,  reviewed  the  origins  of 
the  crisis,  describing  how  "the  Fed  did  no- 
thing" as  a  housing  bubble  developed  sever- 


UPDATE 


Life  at  a 
Crossroads , "  Duke 
Magazine ,  January' 
February  2008 

Among  the  groups  profiled 
in  the  Duke  Magazine  sur- 
vey of  religious  life  on 
campus  were  Muslim  stu- 
dents. Their  official  adviser  at  the 
time  was  a  local  imam  who  received 
only  a  small  stipend  for  his  service. 

This  summer,  Duke  committed 
significant  resources  to  the  Muslim 
community,  hiring  Abdullah  Antepli 
as  its  firstftill-time  Muslim  chaplain. 

"Duke  is  today  a  leading  inter- 
national university  in  an  increas- 
ingly cosmopolitan  social  and  reli- 
gious culture,"  explained  Sam 
Wells,  dean  of  the  chapel.  "If  Duke, 
alongside  other  leading  Western 
institutions,  is  to  become  a  hos- 
pitable environment  for  the  forma- 
tion of  a  new  generation  of  inter- 
national Muslim  leadership  of  a 
broad-minded  character,  it  has  to 
take  proactive  steps  to  show  the 
Muslim  world  here  and  abroad  that 
it  is  open  for  business." 

Duke  is  not  alone.  Several  other 
top  universities  that  have  also  relied 
on  part-time  chaplains  were  con- 
ducting searches  simultaneously, 
but  with  Antepli's  hiring,  Duke  be- 
came only  the  second  university, 
after  Georgetown,  with  a  full-time, 
accredited  Muslim  chaplain  on  staff. 

Antepli  will  have  several  respon- 
sibilities in  his  new  role:  providing 
religious  leadership  to  the  universi- 
ty's Muslim  community;  offering 
pastoral  care  to  students  of  any  or 
no  professed  faith;  participating  in 
ongoing  interfaith  conversations; 
teaching  one  course  on  Islam 


andt 


per  semester  in  the  Divinity  School. 

Antepli  came  highly  regarded. 
After  graduating  from  Hartford 
Seminary's  Islamic  Chaplaincy 
Program  (the  only  such  program  in 
the  U.S.),  he  went  on  to  serve  as  its 
associate  director  while  working 
toward  a  doctorate  in  ministry.  As  a 
result,  says  Duke's  Muslim  Students 
Association  (MSA)  co-president 
Fatema  Ahmad,  several  other 
Hartford-trained  applicants  spent 
large  portions  of  their  recruiting 
dinners  raving  about  his  skills  as  a 
mentor  and  teacher. 

He  also  came  with  an  open  mind. 
"During  the  interview  process,  I 
was  repeatedly  asked  what  I  would 
do  when  I  arrived  on  campus,"  he 
says.  "I  don't  believe  in  coming  in 
with  huge  ideas  and  projects  with- 
out seeing  what  it's  like  on  the 
ground.  I'm  a  quick  learner,  but 
this  is  a  complex  institution.  I 
need  to  see  what's  going  on  in 
the  minds  and  hearts  of  [those  at 
Duke].  Based  on  that,  I  will  shape 
my  ministry  and  teaching.  I  hope 
the  learning  process  will  continue 
forever,  that  I  never  say,  'I've  fig- 
ured out  Duke.' " 

Still,  his  impact  on  the  Muslim 
community  has  been  immediate, 
MSA's  Ahmad  says.  At  the  first 
Friday  afternoon  prayer  session  of 
the  year — attended  by  forty  stu- 
dents and  staff  members,  more 
than  double  the  usual  attendance 
— Antepli  moved  comfortably 
through  the  room,  shaking  hands 
and  welcoming  students  warmly. 


There  are  also  discussions  within 
Student  Affairs  to  develop  a  Center 
for  Muslim  Life  along  the  lines  of 
the  Freeman  Center  for  Jewish  Life. 

Antepli's  journey  to  the  chap- 
laincy was  somewhat  accidental. 
After  graduating  from  college  and 
completing  imam  training  in  his 
native  Turkey  in  the  mid-1990s,  he 
went  to  work  building  orphanages 
with  a  Muslim  non-governmental 
organization  in  Southeast  Asia.  But 
in  1998,  the  government  of 
Myanmar,  where  he  was  working 
at  the  time,  shut  down  access  to 
NGOs  for  a  six-month  period. 

During  that  time,  he  traveled  to 
the  U.S.  to  take  graduate-level 
classes  at  the  University  of  Pitts- 
burgh, and,  when  his  background 
was  revealed,  was  asked  to  volun- 
teer as  a  part-time  chaplain  at  both 
Pitt  and  nearby  Carnegie  Mellon 
University. 

"Within  a  week,"  he  says,  "I  was 
attending  administrative  meetings 
and  leading  services,"as  well  as 
participating  in  interfaith  campus 
dialogues.  He  soon  realized  that 
this — "engaging  young  minds, 
walking  a  difficult  four  years  with 
them" — was  what  he  wanted  to 
do  with  his  life. 

Upon  his  return  to  Myanmar,  he 
began  looking  into  Muslim  chap- 
laincy programs,  and,  in  2003, 
enrolled  at  Hartford.  While  there, 
he  also  served  part  time  as  a  chap- 
lain at  Wesleyan  University. 

— Jacob  Dagger 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     Nowinlvr-lW.nk-r  AYS 


ACROSS  THE  CAMPUS 


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E-mail  messages  delivered  at  Duke  in  an  average  day 

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Gigabytes  of  space  available  for  each  student,  faculty  member,  and  staff  member  for  personal 

online  digital  storage  (the  equivalent  of  1,250  songs  downloaded  from  iTunes  or  97  hours  of 

streamed  video) 

Pages  of  free  double-sided  printing  allotted  to  each  student  every  semester 

OIT  ePrint  stations  on  campus 

Pages  processed  by  ePrint  stations  on  an  average  day 

Hand-held  cellular  devices  (including  BlackBerrys,  Palm  Treos,  and  iPhones)  synced  with 

Duke  Webmail  and  Duke  events  calendar 

Duke  classrooms  equipped  to  capture  lectures  in  audio  and  video  for  remote  viewing 

lectures  and  events  captured  through  June  30, 2008 

Questions  fielded  by  the  OIT  service  desk  via  phone,  Web,  e-maii,  instant  messaging,  and  in 

person  in  2007-08 

— Tina  Mao 


S3 


F9 


Mother  Nature  and  Father  Profit 

When  Thomas  Friedman  titled  his 
2005  best  seller  The  World  is  Flat, 
he  was  referring  to  the  rise  of  a 
global  middle  class  that  would 
threaten  the  American-dominated  eco- 
nomic status  quo.  Now,  he  says  he  believes 
that  is  only  the  beginning  of  a  long  list  of 
problems  that  the  U.S.  must  confront — and 
quickly. 

In  a  speech  delivered  before  a  sellout 
crowd  at  Page  Auditorium  as  part  of  the 
Terry  Sanford  Institute  of  Public  Policy's 
Crown  Lecture  in  Ethics  series,  the  New 
York  Times  columnist  outlined  the  ideas  be- 
hind his  new  book,  Hot,  Flat,  and  Crowded, 
published  this  fall.  Friedman's  new  book 
describes  what  he  sees  as  the  core  global 
problems  in  the  twenty-first  century:  de- 
mand for  energy  and  natural  resources  out- 
stripping supply;  the  rise  of  potentially  dan- 
gerous fossil-fuel-supported  dictatorships  in 
places  like  Russia  and  Iran;  climate  change 
and  the  ensuing  global  economic  upheaval; 
energy  poverty  in  the  Third  World;  and 
biodiversity  loss  that  will  damage  ecosys- 
tems that,  like  the  disappearing  Amazon 


al  years  ago.  He  said  failures  of  the  Secur- 
ities and  Exchange  Commission,  the  rating 
agencies,  and  others  set  the  stage  for  the  se- 
vere losses  suffered  by  Lehman  Brothers  and 
other  firms  whose  financial  leverage  was 
"pretty  phenomenal." 

Katherine  Schipper,  Thomas  F.  Keller  Pro- 
fessor of  accounting  at  the  Fuqua  School  of 
Business,  outlined  the  ways  in  which  account- 
ing problems  contributed  to  the  crisis,  leav- 
ing investors  without  a  clear  picture  of  the 
risks  they  were  taking.  She  argued  against 
suspending  fair-market  accounting,  saying 
valuations  must  be  based  on  current  finan- 
cial realities  rathet  than  on  the  hopes  of  in- 
stitutions waiting  for  bad  loans  to  improve. 


The  situation's  impact  on  Washington  was 
discussed  by  David  Rohde,  Ernestine  Friedl 
Professor  of  political  science.  He  said  he 
could  not  remember  when  the  president  and 
leaders  of  both  parties  last  recommended  a 
piece  of  legislation  only  to  see  it  defeated,  as 
the  initial  bailout  bill  was  in  the  House  of 
Representatives.  He  said  that  vote  illustrat- 
ed both  Congressional  concern  about  voter 
anger  and  the  decline  of  White  House  in- 
fluence as  a  lame-duck  president  ends  his 
term  in  office. 

The  panel  also  included  Craig  Burnside, 
professor  of  economics,  and  Cam  Harvey,  J. 
Paul  Sticht  Professor  of  international  busi- 
ness at  Fuqua. 


Friedman:  Markets  must  drive 


change. 


www.dukemagazine. duke.edu 


STUDENT  SNAP 


\jor  change 


hen  I 
Leop 
forB 


en  freshman  Arthur 
y  /  Leopold  cast  his  vote 
for  Barack  Obama,  he 
celebrated  not  only 
his  first  chance  to  participate  in  a 
presidential  election  but  also  the 
end  of  a  nearly  two-year  Herculean 
effort  to  help  the  Democratic  can- 
didate win. 

As  the  youngest  member  of 
Obama's  finance  committee  and 
one  of  the  youngest  elected  dele- 
gates at  the  Democratic  National 
Convention,  Leopold  raised  nearly 
$1  million  for  Democratic  candi- 
dates, including  more  than  $200,000 
for  the  Obama  campaign. 

Though  Leopold,  a  dual  Canadian- 
American  citizen,  grew  up  in  a  po- 
litically active  household,  he  long 
viewed  politics  as  a  spectator  sport. 
"My  father  always  talked  about 
politics,"  he  says  of  real-estate 
?  Stephen  Leopold,  who 
i  investigator  on  the  Senate 


Watergate  Committee  and  an  exec- 
utive assistant  to  former  Canadian 
Prime  Minister  Brian  Mulroney. 

"I  was  always  talking  politics  in 
high  school,  always  reading  the 
[New  York]  Times,  watching  CNN," 
he  says.  "But  I  never  imagined 
immersing  myself  in  the  political 
world."  Instead,  Leopold,  who  grew 
up  in  Montreal  and  New  York  and 
attended  a  prestigious  ski  academy 
in  Vermont,  hoped  to  become  a 
professional  ski  racer. 

When  it  became  clear  that  he 
couldn't  compete  at  that  level,  Leo- 
pold was  at  a  loss.  "Dad  said,  since 
you  like  politics,  why  don't  you 
think  about  getting  involved?" 

He  went  to  the  Congressional 
district  that  represents  his  family's 
home  address  on  the  Upper  East 
Side  of  Manhattan  and  signed  on  to 
assist  Democratic  Congresswoman 
Carolyn  Maloney's  bid  for  reelec- 
tion. When  her  campaign  manager 
left,  Leopold  was  asked  to  step  in. 

"I  wasn't  really  ready,  but  I 
learned  a  lot,"  Leopold  says. 

Meanwhile,  he  was  accepted  to 
Duke  under  the  early-decision  pro- 


gram in  2007.  Though  generations 
of  Leopolds  had  attended  McGill 
University  in  Montreal,  Arthur  broke 
the  mold.  "I  felt  like  the  bond  of 
students  and  faculty  at  Duke  was 
amazing."  But  he  did  choose  to  defer 
his  admission  for  one  year  to  con- 
tinue fundraising. 

Leopold  doubts  he  would  have 
remained  politically  active  if  Obama 
hadn't  joined  the  race. 

"I  am  completely  energized  by 
Obama,"  he  says.  "He's  like  J.F.K. 
was  to  my  dad's  generation.  It's  a 
movement  for  change." 

While  Leopold,  who  plans  to 
major  in  public  policy  and  political 
science,  will  continue  his  political 
work,  he  says  heV'really  focused 
on  the  next  four  years  at  Duke."  He's 
joined  the  ski  team  and  will  possi- 
bly participate  in  student  govern- 
ment. Until  recently,  Leopold  never 
considered  becoming  a  politician 
himself.  "During  the  campaign,  I 
realized  you  can  have  a  voice  and 
an  influence  on  people's  lives." 

— Diane  Daniel 


Daniel  is  a  freelance  writer  in 


r 


rainforest,  buoy  our  biosphere  and  broaden 
our  base  of  biomedical  knowledge. 

"This  book  masquerades  as  a  book  about 
energy  and  the  environment;  it's  really  a 
book  about  America,"  Friedman  noted. 
Speculating  on  how  the  U.S.  lost  its  preem- 
inence in  innovation,  he  added,  "Our  gov- 


ernment does  not  work  anymore.  Our  gov- 
ernment today  can  no  longer  solve  any  big, 
multi-generational  problems.  Somewhere 
between  the  system  of  gerrymandering  po- 
litical districts,  money  in  politics,  twenty- 
four-hour  news  cycles,  and  ongoing  presi- 
dential campaigns,  we  lost  ourselves." 


Even  so,  Friedman's  speech  was  not  en- 
tirely pessimistic.  He  said  he  believes  the 
U.S.  can  find  cures  for  all  five  ills  by  work- 
ing to  develop  abundant,  cheap,  clean,  and 
reliable  energy.  "Energy  technology  is  the 
next  great  global  industry,"  he  said.  "If  we 
pull  this  off,  it  will  be  the  greatest  industrial 
project  in  the  history  of  mankind." 

Citing  the  pressure  that  rising  costs  and 
energy  scarcity  are  already  putting  on  indus- 
try, he  said  the  private  sector  will  seek  ways 
to  "outgreen"  the  competition — with  or 
without  a  system  of  government  incentives 
and  disincentives.  The  market,  then,  will 
be  the  final  impetus  for  change.  "There  is 
only  one  thing  bigger  than  Mother  Nature, 
and  that  is  Father  Profit." 

— Connor  Southard 

Everybody's  Business 

At  a  September  ceremony  that  featured 
Cossack  dancers,  Chinese  acrobats, 
and  a  Beatles  tribute  band,  leaders  in 
the  Fuqua  School  of  Business  an- 
nounced plans  to  develop  a  network  of  five 
new  partner  campuses  designed  to  bring 
business  education  to  students  and  scholars 
worldwide. 

While  Fuqua  has  spent  two  decades  in- 
creasing the  global  reach  of  its  programs, 
the  $500-million  initiative  represents  a  ma- 
jor step  forward  not  only  for  the  school  but 
also  for  the  entire  university,  according  to 
Blair  Sheppard,  the  school's  dean. 

"It's  essential  for  business  education,  for 
business  research  that  we  plant  ourselves  in 
the  markets  that  will  shape  the  economy  in 
the  twenty-first  century,"  he  told  a  crowd  of 
students,  faculty  members,  and  visiting  dig- 
nitaries. 

At  the  ceremony,  Sheppard  announced 
that  the  first  partnership  in  the  new  net- 
work would  be  with  the  Graduate  School  of 
Management  at  Russia's  St.  Petersburg  Uni- 
versity. The  other  partner  programs  will  be 
located  in  London,  Shanghai,  Dubai,  and 
New  Delhi. 

The  plan  calls  for  Fuqua  to  establish  a  sig- 
nificant presence  in  each  location,  instead 
of  the  more  casual  affiliations  found  in  some 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     NownikT-lVccmlx-r  200S 


v_J  cXL\Z-  L  LC 

ACROSS  THE  CAMPUS 


i 


other  international  business  programs.  Each 
of  the  campuses  will  support  all  Duke  M.B.A. 
programs,  including  Executive  M.B.A.  pro- 
grams. Each  also  will  include  a  Duke  Cor- 
porate Education  site  or  partnership,  open- 
enrollment  executive  education,  at  least  two 
research  centers,  and  Fuqua  faculty  mem- 
bers, as  well  as  service-learning  activities 
tied  to  local  needs. 

Duke's  M.B.A.-Cross  Continent  program, 
which  immerses  students  in  business  com- 
munities around  the  world,  will  be  re- 
vamped to  take  advantage  of  the  new  loca- 
tions. Beginning  next  summer,  the  program 
will  be  held  in  each  of  the  five  regions 
before  wrapping  up  with  elective  courses  at 
the  Duke  campus. 

Substance-Abuse  Policies 

Over  the  summer,  President  Richard 
H.  Brodhead  found  himself  in  the 
middle  of  a  minor  controversy  when 
he,  along  with  more  than  100  other 
college  and  university  presidents  and  chan- 
cellors, signed  on  to  the  Amethyst  Initia- 
tive, a  movement  calling  tor  fresh  debate  on 
the  national  minimum  drinking  age. 

The  initiative,  started  by  John  McCar- 
dell,  president  emeritus  of  Middlebury  Col- 
lege, does  not  call  outright  tor  lowering  the 
minimum  drinking  age,  but  instead  argues 
that  the  prevalence  of  binge  drinking  and 
other  harmful  behaviors  on  college  campus- 
es indicates  that  the  current  system  of  re- 
strictions isn't  working.  Its  website  calls  on 
lawmakers  to  "weigh  all  the  consequences 
of  current  alcohol  policies  and  to  invite 
new  ideas  on  how  best  to  prepare  young 
adults  to  make  responsible  decisions  about 
alcohol  use." 

The  initiative  faced  immediate  criticism 
from  many  groups,  including  Mothers  Against 
Drunk  Driving,  the  American  Medical  As- 
sociation, and  the  National  Transportation 
Safety  Board. 

Tom  Szigethy,  who  was  hired  this  summer 
to  serve  as  an  associate  dean  and  the  first 
director  of  the  university's  Alcohol  and  Sub- 
stance Abuse  Prevention  Center,  acknowl- 
edges that  the  question  of  how  best  to  deal 


with  drinking  on  campus — and  in  society — 
is  complex,  and  that  there  may  not  be  a  per- 
fect answer. 

"We  want  to  put  [substance-abuse]  pre- 
vention topics  out  there,"  says  Szigethy,  who 
spent  four  years  overseeing  the  University 
of  Connecticut's  substance-abuse  preven- 
tion programs  before  coming  to  Duke.  "But 
there  are  always  people  who  are  going  to 
say,  'Why?  Students  shouldn't  be  drinking 
at  all  because  the  law  is  twenty-one.'  " 

Szigethy  has  met  with  groups  of  students, 
parents,  faculty  members,  and  administra- 
tors about  the  perspectives  on  drinking  and 
substance  abuse.  "A  lot  of  different  constit- 
uencies are  talking  about  a  lack  of  clarity," 
he  says.  "They  say  that  they  are  hearing  dif- 
ferent messages  at  different  times  from  dif- 
ferent people."  Over  the  next  several  months, 
he  plans  to  put  together  an  advisory  com- 
mittee for  the  center  that  consists  of  mem- 
bers of  all  these  constituencies  and  work 
with  them  to  develop  a  coherent  policy. 


taff  Writer, 

,  the  university's  award-winning  flagshir. 
publication,  is  seeking  candidates  for  the  position  of 
Clay  Felker  Fellow/Staff  Writer.  The  Felker  Fellow: 

•  Writes  or  compiles  standing  departments,  including 
Gazette,  Campus  Observer,  and  Q&A 
•Writes  major  feature  stories 

•  Assists  in  copyediting  and  proofreading 

•  Contributes  to  long-term  issue  planning 
Preference  is  given  to  a  recent  Duke  graduate.  This  is  a 
three-year,  entry-level  position.  Send  a  cover  letter, 
resume,  and  writing  samples  to  Robert  Bliwise,  editor, 
Duke  Magazine,  Campus  Box  90572,  Durham,  N.C.  27708 
or  robert.bliwise@daa.duke.edu. 


0  Commencement 

Media  maven  and  philanthropist 
Oprah  Winfrey  has  been  selected 
to  deliver  Duke's  2009  commence- 
ment address.  She  will  also  receive 
an  honorary  doctor  of  humane  letters  de- 
gree at  the  commencement  ceremony.  Her 
godson  Will  Bumpus  is  a  member  of  the 
graduating  class. 


Blast  From  the  Past 

A  bugle  call  resounded  through  the 
lobby  of  Perkins  Library.  Nearby,  in 
the  Rare  Book  Room,  a  full  audience 
had  assembled.  As  more  people  ar- 
rived, taking  up  spots  between  exhibition 
cases  and  in  corners,  the  bugler,  Don  Eagle, 
marched  in. 

Dressed  as  a  Confederate  officer,  Eagle,  a 
lecturer  in  Duke's  music  department,  joined 
five  other  musicians  at  the  front  of  the  room, 
and  they  began  a  rousing  performance  of 
"Bonnie  Blue  Flag,"  a  song  celebrating  the 
Southern  states'  entry  into  the  Confeder- 
acy. Then  Eagle  took  center  stage.  Accom- 
panying soloist  Caryl  Thomason  Price,  he 
played  the  title  role  in  "The  Captain  With 
His  Whiskers,"  a  humorous  Civil  War  song 
about  a  woman  who  falls  for  an  especially 
hirsute  officer.  The  song  drew  plenty  of 
laughs  and  a  hearty  round  of  applause. 

The  fall  performance  was  the  first  concert 
of  the  2008-09  Rare  Music  series,  a  cooper- 
ative effort  between  the  Duke  University 
Musical  Instrument  Collection  (DUMIC) 
and  Duke's  library,  now  in  its  third  year. 
The  series  features  performances  on  antique 
and  rare  instruments  from  DUMIC  in  the 
intimate  and  elegant  Mary  Duke  Biddle 
Room  of  the  Rare  Book,  Manuscript,  and 
Special  Collections  Library. 

For  this  concert,  "Sounds  of  the  U.S.  Civil 
War,"  DUMIC  curator  Brenda  Neece,  who 
co-founded  the  series  with  library  commu- 
nications director  Ilene  Nelson,  drew  on 
the  resources  of  the  special  collections  li- 
brary. Early  in  the  semester,  the  library  host- 
ed an  exhibit  of  Civil  War  sheet  music  and 


www.dukemagacine.duke.edu 


Gazette 

STATE  OF  THE  ARTS 


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War  and  peace:  Penny  Jensen,  Caryl  Thomason  Price, 
Michael  Hirata,  and  Lewis  Moore,  from  left,  sang 
songs  from  the  Civil  War  era  in  the  tranquil  environs 
of  the  Rare  Book  Room. 

broadside  verse;  with  the  help  of  a  team  of 
archivists  and  musicians,  Neece  endeavored 
to  showcase  these  songs  along  with  several 
period  instruments  from  Duke's  collection. 

More  than  500  instruments  in  DUMIC's 
holdings  belong  to  the  G.  Norman  and  Ruth 
G.  Eddy  Collection,  the  terms  of  which  stip- 
ulate that  certain  instruments,  called  "cur- 
rency instruments,"  must  be  played  regularly. 
Neece,  who  is  responsible  for  striking  a  bal- 
ance between  preservation  and  public  use, 
is  happy  to  advance  the  collection's  educa- 
tional mission.  "I  want  the  public  to  hear  what 
[antique  instruments]  sound  like,"  she  says. 

In  addition  to  Eagle's  keyed  bugle,  which 
he  used  to  demonstrate  military  calls  and 


other  sounds,  the  performance  showcased 
an  1832  Chickering  piano.  Slightly  smaller 
than  today's  baby  grand,  the  Chickering 
produces  the  kind  of  jaunty,  playful  sound 
often  associated  with  a  vaudeville  act.  It 
was  one  of  the  first  American-made  pianos 
to  feature  a  partial  iron  frame — in  this  case, 
beautifully  formed  into  the  shape  of  a 
wagon  wheel — and  would  have  been  widely 
available  to  upper-class  families  throughout 
the  antebellum  nation. 

At  the  end  of  the  concert,  senior  Michael 
Hirata,  the  lone  student  performer,  sang  a 
duet  with  Duke  music  professor  Penny  Jen- 
sen called  "Tell  Me  of  My  Darling  Boy." 
The  song  was  full  of  the  uncertainty,  loss, 
and  lament  experienced  by  so  many  at  the 
time.  Its  gravity  was  followed  by  silence,  and 
then  the  somber  bugle  call  of  "Taps,"  flow- 
ing out  from  deep  inside  the  library  halls. 

— Aaron  Kirschenfeld  '07 


Page  to  Stage  and  Screen 

Christening  by  digital  tire."  That's  how 
Elisabeth  Benfey,  a  lecturing  fellow 
in  the  theater  studies  department, 
describes  her  undergraduate  film- 
making class.  Recently,  Benfey  worked  with 
writer  Michael  Malone,  a  visiting  professor 
of  the  practice,  on  a  collaborative  project 
between  fledgling  filmmakers  in  her  class 
and  students  in  his  course  on  adapting  litera- 
ture for  the  screen. 

In  studying  the  art  of  narrative  adapta- 
tion, Malone's  students  examined  how  fic- 
tion is  translated,  successfully  or  unsuccess- 
fully, from  one  medium  to  another.  Writers 
Lee  Smith,  Allan  Gurganus,  and  Daniel  Wal- 
lace each  gave  the  class  permission  to  adapt 
a  short  story.  Visiting  writer-in-residence 
Oscar  Hijuelos  contributed  a  chapter  from 
his  1983  novel,  Our  House  in  the  Last  World. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE      November- 1  Vccmk-r  2008 


13 


Gazette 

STATE  OF  THE  ARTS 


BIBUO-FILE 


Selections  from  the  Rare  Book,  Manuscript,  and  Special  Collections  Library 


A 


s  part  of  a  campus-wide 
celebration  of  the  Blooms- 
bury  group  this  academic 
1  year  (see  story,  page  38), 
Cover  of  Kew  Gardens  the  Rare  Book,  Manuscript,  and 
(3rd  ed.,  1927).      Special  Collections  Library  is  pre- 


senting its  own  exhibit, "  'How  full 
of  life  those  days  seemed':  New  Ap- 
proaches to  Art,  Literature,  Sexu- 
ality, and  Society  in  Bloomsbury." 

The  exhibit  of  books,  manu- 
scripts, and  other  materials,  which 


^■^■■■■■:\$*m. 


opens  December  1 5  in  the  Perkins 
Library  Gallery,  will  focus  on  the 
influence  of  the  Bloomsbury  group 
on  arts  and  culture.  Among  the  items 
on  display  will  be  the  1927  edition 
of  Kew  Gardens,  by  Virginia  Woolf. 

Kew  Gardens  was  originally  pub- 
lished in  1 91 9  by  the  Hogarth  Press, 
which  Woolf  and  her  husband, 
Leonard  Woolf,  founded  in  1 91 7. 
Leonard  thought  publishing  would 
be  an  ideal  hobby  to  relieve  the 
pressures  of  writing  that  weighed 
upon  his  wife.  In  the  early  years  of 
the  press,  the  Woolfs  themselves 
printed,  bound,  and  distributed  the 
press'  pamphlets  and  books,  often 
using  wallpaper  and  other  colorful 
papers  as  wrappers. 

By  1927,  Hogarth  Press  was  a 
successful  business,  and  Virginia 
Woolf  was  a  well-respected  author. 
Kew  Gardens  was  reissued  in  a  new 
hardcover  edition,  with  "decora- 
tions" by  Vanessa  Bell,  Virginia's  sis- 


ter and  a  well-known  painter  and 
designer. 

Each  page  of  the  story  features  a 
border  in  a  floral  motif  similarto 
the  cover  design.  The  story  centers 
on  a  flower  bed  in  London's  Kew 
Gardens,  combining  detailed 
observations  of  the  plants  and  ani- 
mals in  the  gardens  with  explo- 
rations of  the  thoughts  and  conver- 
sations of  the  people  strolling  by. 

Artistic  collaboration  was  one 
of  the  trademarks  of  the  Blooms- 
bury group,  which  also  included 
such  artists,  writers,  and  thinkers  as 
Roger  Fry,  John  Maynard  Keynes, 
Lytton  Strachey,  and  Duncan  Grant. 
In  Kew  Gardens,  Bell's  illustrations 
and  Woolfs  text  work  together 
to  create  a  breezy,  sophisticated 
work  of  art.  The  exhibit  will  run 
through  March  6. 

http://library.duke.edu/ 
specialcollections 


All  four  writers  met  with  the  class  to  discuss 
their  works,  three  of  which  became  film 
scripts  and,  one,  a  play. 

Benfey's  filmmaking  students  broke  down 
the  scripts,  created  storyboards,  wrote  shot 
lists,  cast  the  scenes  with  students  from  both 
classes,  and  rehearsed  and  directed  the  films. 
"One  of  the  things  I  like  most  about  writing 
fiction  is  that  so  many  things  can  happen  to 
it  after  it  leaves  home,"  says  Wallace,  whose 
novel  Big  Fish  was  made  into  a  commercial 
film  of  the  same  name  and  released  in  2004- 
The  students  adapted  Wallace's  short  story 
"Graveyard  Days." 

"Seeing  a  written  narrative  become  a  film 
is  the  ultimate  compliment,  because  a  group 
of  people  have  gotten  together  and  decided 
that  something  about  this  story  is  worth- 
while and  deserves  to  be  seen  and  under- 
stood in  another  context,"  Wallace  says. 

14  www.  dukem:v_\i:  ine.duke.edu 


"I  love  to  let  the  story  go,  love  to  see  what 
others  will  do  to  it,  because  the  story — my 
story — doesn't  change.  In  fact,  no  matter 
how  the  film  turns  out,  its  existence  serves 
to  enlarge  the  story.  And  let's  face  it,  it's  just 
plain  fun." 

Gurganus  says  he  enjoyed  the  raucous 
laughter  that  greeted  the  student  produc- 
tion of  his  story  "Nativity,  Caucasian."  "I 
wrote  this  story  just  ten  years  out  of  high 
school.  It  was  meant  as  a  love  song  to  all  the 
pretty,  able  women  my  mother's  age.  I  loved 
them  all.  They  could  and  should  have  run 
multinationals.  Instead,  they  played  killer 
bridge  and  made  exceptional  refreshments 
for  Cub  Scout  troops,  Kiwanis  picnics,  and 
card  tournaments. 

"The  Duke  students'  film  provided  a  gen- 
erational frame  from  which  these  women 
might  be  more  richly  appreciated." 


Cool  for  School 


A 


rtist  Barkley  L.  Hendricks,  best  known 
for  his  life-size  portraits  of  people  of 
color  from  the  urban  Northeast,  is 
spending  eight  weeks  at  Duke  this  fall 
isiting  artist-in-residence.  "Barkley  L. 


GALLERY     Selections  from  the  Nasher  Museum  of  Art 


Hendricks:  Birth  of  the  Cool,"  the  first  ca- 
reer retrospective  of  his  paintings,  was  on 
view  at  the  Nasher  Museum  of  Art  earlier 
this  year. 

During  his  time  on  campus,  Hendricks  is 
leading  visual-arts  classes,  critiquing  student 
work,  conducting  community  outreach  activ- 
ities, and  participating  in  public  discussions. 

In  October,  for  example,  Hendricks  joined 
Richard  J.  Powell,  John  Spencer  Bassett 
Professor  of  art  and  art  history,  for  a  discus- 
sion on  music,  visual  arts,  and  fashion  as 
"performance."  And,  in  conjunction  with 
the  exhibit  "El  Greco  to  Velazquez:  Art 
During  the  Reign  of  Philip  III,"  on  display 
at  the  Nasher  Museum  of  Art  through  No- 
vember 9,  Hendricks  spoke  about  how  he 
draws  inspiration  from  the  Spanish  old  mas- 
ter Diego  Velazquez. 

Hendricks,  who  earned  his  bachelor's  and 
master's  degrees  in  fine  arts  from  Yale  Uni- 
versity, has  been  on  the  faculty  of  Con- 
necticut College  since  1972. 

Virtual  Splendor 

Senior  Charles  Sparkman  spent  this 
past  summer  designing  a  magnificent 
Gothic  cathedral  featuring  stained- 
glass  windows  inspired  by  those  at 
Canterbury  Cathedral  and  substantial  col- 
umns built  to  endure.  But  his  architectural 
accomplishment,  though  impressive,  exists 
only  in  a  virtual  world. 

The  design  project,  part  of  a  fellowship 
offered  by  Duke's  Visual  Studies  Initiative, 
allowed  Sparkman  to  apply  lessons  learned 
in  two  courses  offered  by  the  department  of 
art,  art  history,  and  visual  studies. 

The  first  was  a  course  on  "Gothic  Ca- 
thedrals" taught  by  Caroline  Bruzelius,  Anne 
M.  Coogan  Professor  of  art  and  visual  stud- 
ies. It  invited  students  to  examine  medieval 
European  cathedrals  from  various  perspec- 
tives, investigating  financing,  the  history  of 
the  sites  and  relics,  and  the  artistic  and 
structural  developments — as  well  as  the  tech- 
nology— that  made  the  construction  of  such 
buildings  possible. 

In  the  course,  students  were  divided  into 
groups  of  three  and  asked  to  create  virtual 


1    i 

mm 

1  t 

tf 

-  0 

1^~ 

V     ^ 

ate  Baroque  painting  in  Spain  is  charac-     painter  of  the  Cathedral  of  Toledo, 
terized  by  exuberant  and  dynamic              This  painting,  formerly  misattributed,  is  an 
compositions,  lightness  of  color,  and  a      early  work  by  the  artist,  perhaps  Rizi's  first 
free,  sketchy  technique.  Francisco  Rizi       attempt  at  painting  the  Annunciation,  which  he 
was  the  first  artist  in  what  is  known  as  the  School     repeated  at  least  five  times.  Recent  conservation 
of  Madrid  to  embrace  this  new  style,  breaking        has  revealed  that  the  young  artist  was  still 
away  from  the  official  court  taste  represented       experimenting  with  elements  in  the  composi- 
by  Diego  Velazquez  and  Rizi's  own  teacher,  Vicente   tion,  trying  lighter  colors,  for  example,  and 
Carducho.                                                adjusting  the  original  placement  of  the  angel's 

He  was  the  son  of  Italian  painter  Antonio         profile  and  the  hands  of  both  figures. 
Ricci,  who  came  to  Spain  with  the  wave  of  for-          It  would  have  been  viewed  as  a  daring 
eign  artists  seeking  work  at  El  Escorial,  an            work,  departing  from  the  solid  outlines  and 
elaborate  complex  constructed  near  Madrid  in      subdued  tones  favored  by  his  teacher.  Theatrical, 
the  late  sixteenth  century  that  comprised  a          and  infused  with  light-dissolving  form  and 
royal  palace  and  pantheon,  monastery,  library,      emotional  tension,  this  work  embodies  the 
and  basilica.  In  1 656,  Francisco  was  named          "modern"  stylistic  elements  of  late  Baroque  paint- 
pintordelrey  (painter  to  the  king);  he  also           ing  in  Madrid, 
served  as  director  of  stage  design  for  the 
theatrical  productions  at  court  and  as  the  official 

DUKE  MAGAZINE      November- 1  VccmlxM    AW 


Gazette 

STATE  OF  THE  ARTS 


cathedrals.  One  member  was  responsible  for 
writing  about  the  building's  history;  another 
for  designing  its  stained-glass  windows  and 
iconography.  Sparkman  took  the  third  role, 
generating  basic,  two-dimensional  architec- 
tural plans  using  computer  software  called 
AutoCad. 

After  drafting  his  group's  plans,  Spark- 
man,  who  also  studied  three-dimensional 
modeling  using  Maya  software  in  a  course 
on  "Virtual  Form  and  Space,"  spent  the 
summer  building  on  them.  He  presented  his 
creation  in  the  Duke  Immersive  Visual  En- 
vironment, a  six-sided  virtual-reality  the- 
ater. After  distributing  pairs  of  special  3-D 
glasses,  he  used  a  hand-held  wand  to  guide 
visitors  on  a  tour  of  its  massive,  historically 
accurate  interior. 

This  wasn't  Sparkman's  first  foray  into 
building  design.  He  studied  architecture  at 
Tulane  University  before  transferring  to 
Duke  in  the  wake  of  Hurricane  Katrina. 


Asthma-Inducing  Diet 

A  pregnant  mouse's  diet  can  induce  epi- 
genetic  changes  that  increase  the  risk 
her  offspring  will  develop  allergic 
asthma,  according  to  researchers  at 
Duke  Medical  Center  and  National  Jewish 
Health,  a  hospital  based  in  Denver. 

The  researchers  found  that  pregnant  mice 
that  consumed  diets  high  in  methyl  donors, 
such  as  folic  acid,  which  are  common  in 
dietary  supplements,  had  offspring  with  more 
severe  allergic  airway  disease  than  offspring 
from  mice  that  consumed  diets  low  in  methyl- 
containing  foods.  Their  results  appear  in  the 
Journal  of  Clinical  Investigation. 

The  findings  suggest  that  "the  dramatic 
increase  in  asthma  during  the  past  two  dec- 
ades may  be  related  in  part  to  recent  changes 
in  dietary  supplementation  among  women 
of  childbearing  age,"  says  David  Schwartz, 
senior  author  on  the  paper  and  a  professor 
of  medicine  at  National  Jewish  Health.  The 
prevalence  of  asthma  has  nearly  doubled  in 
the  past  twenty-five  years.  Asthma  current- 
ly affects  about  1 1  percent  of  the  U.S.  popu- 
lation and  accounts  for  $9.4  billion  in  di- 
rect health-care  costs. 

Epigenetics  is  the  study  of  gene  regula- 
tion. Researchers  have  found  that  a  variety 
of  environmental  factors,  including  diet, 
tobacco  smoke,  and  medications,  can  lead 
to  modification  of  methyl  groups  binding  to 
certain  DNA  molecules,  which  can  result 
in  modified  expression  of  specific  genes. 
Although  no  changes  occur  in  the  moth- 
|  er's  genetic  code,  epigenetic  effects  can  be 
.§■  passed  to  offspring.  Emerging  research  has 
|  indicated  that  epigenetic  mechanisms  can 
■s  affect  the  development  of  the  immune  sys- 
§  tem,  skewing  it  either  toward  or  away  from 
8  a  predisposition  to  allergies. 


A  Nice  Treat  by  Wong  Luisang,  1996. 

In  this  study,  the  research  team  found 
that  the  mice's  male  offspring  also  transmit- 
ted a  higher  predisposition  to  allergic  air- 
way disease  to  their  progeny.  "These  epige- 
netic changes  may  partially  explain  why  it 
has  been  so  difficult  to  definitively  identify 
genes  that  contribute  to  asthma  risk:  The 
effect  of  genetic  variations  can  be  masked  or 
further  complicated  by  epigenetic  changes," 
says  study  co-author  John  W.  Hollingsworth, 
an  assistant  professor  of  medicine  at  Duke. 

The  finding  is  particularly  interesting 
given  that  folic-acid  supplements  have  long 
been  recommended  to  mothers-to-be.  In 
1992  the  U.S.  Public  Health  Service  recom- 
mended that  all  women  of  childbearing  age 
consume  400  micrograms  of  folic  acid  daily 
to  reduce  the  risk  of  children  developing 
birth  defects.  In  1996  the  U.S.  Food  and 
Drug  Administration  required  that  folic 
acid  be  added  to  specific  flour,  breads,  and 
other  grains  to  prevent  birth  defects. 

Given  the  important  role  folic  acid  sup- 
plementation has  played  in  prevention  of 
birth  defects,  Schwartz  and  Hollingsworth 
say  that  further  research  is  called  for. 

Ethical  Trials 

Knowing  about  financial  relation- 
ships between  medical  researchers 
and  the  companies  that  sponsor 
their  studies  has  little  effect  on  most 
patients  considering  enrolling  in  a  clinical 
trial,  according  to  a  new  study  from  the 
Duke  Clinical  Research  Institute. 

"The  patients  in  our  study  were  very 
clear:  They  told  us  they  care  about  these 
relationships  and  want  to  be  fully  informed 
about  them.  But  at  the  same  time,  the  infor- 
mation didn't  substantially  affect  their  deci- 


Gazette 

RESEARCH  FRONTIERS 


SYLLABUS 


Earth  and  Ocean 
Sciences  181S:  The 
American  Southwest 

all  break,  with  its  poten- 
tially chilly  temperatures, 
isn't  the  best  time  to  head 
to  the  beach.  But  how 
about  the  desert? 

In  October,  Peter  Haff,  professor 
of  geology,  led  students  enrolled  in 
"The  American  Southwest" to  Cali- 
fornia's Mojave  Desert,  where  they 
spent  a  week  camping  out  and 
learning  about  the  region's  natural 
history.  The  class  is  one  of  the  field- 
trip  courses  offered  by  the  depart- 
ment of  earth  and  ocean  sciences. 

Field-trip  courses  have  several 
advantages  over  their  more  tradi- 
tional counterparts,  Haff  says. 
They  allow  students  to  experience 
course  material  firsthand,  foster 
deeper  relationships  between  fac- 
ulty members  and  students,  and 
encourage  the  group  to  come 
together  as  a  team. 

"And  they're  fun,"  he  adds.  "Not 
all  classes  are  fun." 

Before  the  class  heads  out  into 
the  field,  each  student  chooses  two 
or  three  topics  from  a  list  of  twenty- 
five  that  correspond  with  geologi- 
cal processes  and  features  they  are 
likely  to  witness  on  the  trip.  These 
range  from  sand-dune  fields  to 
lava  flows  to  Death  Valley's  Bad- 
water  basin. 

Haff  guides  them  to  relevant 
scientific  journals,  and  they  follow 
these  leads,  conducting  research 
and  periodically  making  presenta- 
tions to  the  class  about  what  they 
are  finding. 

Once  in  the  field,  students  serve 
as  "local  experts,"  Haff  says.  "If  we 


see  wind  ripples,  we'll  turn  to  the 
student  who  studied  wind  ripples 
and  ask, 'What's  going  on  here?'" 

Because  students  come  from  a 
wide  variety  of  disciplines — non- 
majors  often  make  up  more  than 
half  of  the  class — Haff  says  he  finds 
that  each  class  tends  to  provide 
new  insights.  On  one  recent  trip, 
for  example,  an  art-history  major 
spoke  at  length  about  the  quality 
of  the  desert  light. 

Grading  is  fairly  subjective,  but 
Haff  has  found  that  students  almost 
always  rise  to  the  occasion.  The  for- 
maf'puts  pressure  on  the  students. 
They  have  to  perform  in  front  of 
other  students,  and  they  don't 
want  to  embarrass  themselves." 

He  emphasizes  the  importance 
of  observation,  of  noting  and 
appreciating  the  rich  details  of  any 
setting.  In  other  classes,  he's  been 
known  to  lead  students  on  short 
walking  trips  around  campus,  ask- 
ing them  to  write  down  what  they 
see,  doing  this  again  and  again, 
and  gaining  a  new  layer  of  rich 
detail  with  every  pass. 

A  physicist  by  training,  Haff  first 
fell  for  the  desert  while  working 
as  a  researcher  in  the  Los  Angeles 
area.  He  would  frequently  drive 
out  to  spend  days  alone  hiking, 
exploring,  or  just  thinking.  "There's 
something  special  about  the  desert, 
something  spiritual,"  he  says.  "I 
don't  think  it's  a  coincidence  that 
many  of  the  great  religions  of  the 
world  came  out  of  desert  regions. 

"The  large  distances,  the  light, 
the  shades  of  color.  It's  possible 
to  really  be  alone."  He  pauses, 
his  thoughts  returning  to  the  topic 
at  hand.  "Well,  not  in  this  class, 
I  guess." 


Peter  Haff  earned  his  Ph.D.  in 

physics  from  the  University  of 
Virginia.  He  served  in  postdoctoral 
research  posts  at  the  California 
Institute  of  Technology,  the  Niels 
Bohr  Institute  in  Copenhagen,  and 
Yale  University  before  joining 
Duke's  civil-engineering  depart- 
ment in  1988.  Once  at  Duke,  he 


received  a  second  appointment,  in 
the  Nicholas  School  of  the  Environ- 
ment. Haff's  current  research  focus- 
es on  the  impact  of  technology  on 
Earth.  He  studies  technology  as  a 
physical  phenomenon,  "the  next 
phase  of  the  geological  evolution 
of  Earth,"  rather  than  an  artificial 
disruption. 


Earth  and  Ocean  Sciences  11: 
"The  Dynamic  Earth" 

Scientific  journal  articles 

Multiple  oral  presentations 
Serve  as  "local  expert"  on  trip 
Final  project 


-Jacob  Dagger 


sion  to  enter  a  trial,"  says  Kevin  Weinturt, 
associate  professor  of  medical  psychology 
and  the  lead  author  of  the  study. 

What  seemed  to  be  more  important  in 
the  decision-making  process  was  the  pa- 
tients' level  of  trust  in  medical  research  in 
general,  Weinfurt  says. 

The  findings,  which  appear  online  in 
American  Heart  Journal,  reveal  that  patients 
are  astute  enough  to  draw  distinctions  be- 
tween various  types  of  financial  arrange- 
ments, finding  some  reasonable,  and  others 
less  so. 

The  study,  funded  by  a  grant  from  the 
National  Heart,  Lung,  and  Blood  Institute, 
was  based  on  a  telephone  survey  of  470  pa- 
tients diagnosed  with  coronary  artery  dis- 
ease who  agreed  to  go  through  a  consent 
process  involving  enrollment  in  a  hypo- 
thetical clinical  trial. 

Investigators  assessed  the  patients'  over- 
all level  of  trust  in  medical  research  through 
a  four-item  questionnaire  and  then  random- 
ized them  into  one  of  three  disclosure  groups. 
Patients  who  were  told  that  the  doctor  lead- 
ing the  study  also  held  stock  in  the  compa- 
ny sponsoring  the  research  were  the  least 
willing  to  participate  in  the  study.  They 
offered  three  times  the  number  of  negative 
comments  about  the  relationship  than  par- 
ticipants in  the  other  groups. 

Patients  who  were  told  that  the  sponsoring 
company  covered  the  cost  of  the  trial,  in- 
cluding the  physician's  salary,  were  general- 
ly accepting  of  such  a  financial  relationship. 

Participants  in  the  study  were  dispropor- 
tionately middle-  to  higher-income  white  men, 
and  the  researchers  say  lower-income  par- 
ticipants from  other  racial  groups  might  feel 
differently  about  financial  relationships  be- 
tween researchers  and  sponsoring  companies. 

"We  clearly  live  in  a  time  of  heightened 
sensitivity  about  these  matters,"  says  Jeremy 
Sugarman  '82,  M.D.  '86,  a  professor  of  bio- 
ethics  and  medicine  at  the  Johns  Hopkins 
University's  Berman  Institute  of  Bioethics 
and  senior  author  of  the  study. 

"Policymakers  may  want  to  consider  more 
restrictive  policies  for  equity  relationships 
than  for  other  financial  interests  in  re- 
search." 


DUKE  MAGAZINE      November-December  2008 


17 


Gcizcttc 

RESEARCH  FRONTIERS 


Small  Matters 

Nanoparticles  are  as  much  as  a  mil- 
lion times  smaller  than  the  head  of 
a  pin  and  have  unusual  properties 
compared  with  larger  objects  made 
from  the  same  material.  These  properties 
make  nanomaterials  attractive  for  use  in 
everything  from  computer  hard  drives  to 
sunscreens,  cosmetics,  and  medical  tech- 
nologies. However,  the  environmental  im- 
plications of  using  these  materials  are  virtu- 
ally unknown. 

A  new  center  based  at  Duke  will  bring 
together  researchers  from  a  wide  variety  of 
fields  and  institutions,  including  universi- 
ties and  government  agencies,  to  explore 
the  potential  ecological  hazards,  of  nanopar- 
ticles. The  Center  for  Environmental  Im- 
plications of  NanoTechnology  (CEINT), 
funded  by  a  $14-4  million  grant  from  the 
National  Science  Foundation  and  the  En- 
vironmental Protection  Agency,  will  seek 
to  understand  the  relationships  among  a  vast 
array  of  nanomaterials,  natural  and  man- 
made,  and  their  potential  biological  effects 
and  ecological  consequences. 


•  ••• 

•  •• 


r.v..      : 


•? 


Chainlink:  electron  micrograph  of  cobalt  nanoparticles. 


CEINT's  core  research  team  brings  to- 
gether internationally  recognized  leaders  in 
environmental  toxicology  and  ecosystem 
biology;  nanomaterial  transport,  transfor- 
mation, and  fate  in  the  environment;  bio- 
geochemistry  of  nanomaterials  and  inciden- 
tal airborne  particulates;  nanomaterial  chem- 
istry and  fabrication;  and  environmental 
risk  assessment,  modeling,  and  decision  sci- 
ences. The  team,  directed  by  Mark  Wiesner, 
James  L.  Meriam  Professor  of  civil  and  envi- 
ronmental engineering  at  Duke's  Pratt  School 
of  Engineering,  also  includes  Rich  Di  Giulio, 
a  professor  of  environmental  toxicology. 

Over  the  next  year,  the  researchers  will 
develop  thirty-two  controlled  ecosystems  in 
Duke  Forest.  They  will  add  nanoparticles  to 
these  test  sites — living  laboratories  known 
as  mesocosms — and  study  the  resulting  in- 
teractions and  effects  on  plants,  fish,  bacte- 
ria, and  other  elements. 

"This  mesocosm  facility  will  be  the  nano- 
environment  equivalent  of  the  space  station," 
Wiesner  says,  "a  unique  resource  with  tre- 
mendous potential  that  will  be  tapped  by 
researchers  throughout  the  center  and  be- 
yond." 

In  Brief 

«■  Li-Chen  Chin  is  the  new  director  of 
Duke's  International  House,  which  helps 
new  international  students  acclimate  to  life 
in  the  U.S.  and  at  Duke,  provides  support 
to  existing  students,  and  promotes  cross- 
cultural  interaction  on  campus.  Chin  previ- 
ously served  as  director  of  international  pro- 
grams at  Bryn  Mawr  College. 

■C-    Earl  Dowell,  dean  emeritus  of  the 
Pratt  School  of  Engineering  and  William 
Holland  Hall  Professor  of  mechanical  engi- 
__  neering  and  materials  science,  received  the 
s  2008  Daniel  Guggenheim  Medal  Award.  The 
|  award  is  bestowed  jointly  by  the  American 
I  Institute  of  Aeronautics  and  Astronautics, 
1  the  American  Society  of  Mechanical  Engi- 
3  neering,  the  American  Helicopter  Society, 
|  and  the  Society  of  Automotive  Engineers. 
"  Dowell  was  cited  "for  pioneering  contribu- 
tions to  nonlinear  aeroelasticity,  structural 


dynamics,  and  unsteady  aerodynamics,"  for 
having  "a  significant  influence  on  aeronau- 
tics," and  for  "contributions  to  education  and 
public  service  in  aerospace  engineering." 

<i  Jeffrey  Glass  M.B.A.  '99,  professor  of 
electrical  and  computer  engineering  and 
Hogg  Family  Director  of  engineering  man- 
agement and  entrepreneurship,  was  named 
senior  associate  dean  for  education  at  the 
Pratt  School.  He  succeeds  Tod  Laursen,  chair 
of  mechanical  engineering  and  materials 
science. 

<i  Fredric  R.  Jameson,  William  A.  Lane 
Professor  of  comparative  literature  and  Ro- 
mance studies,  is  the  recipient  of  the  fifth 
annual  Holberg  International  Memorial 
Prize,  a  $900,000  award  granted  annually 
for  outstanding  scholarly  work  in  the  fields 
of  the  arts  and  humanities,  social  sciences, 
law,  and  theology.  Jameson  was  cited  for  his 
many  contributions  to  cultural  theory  and 
cultural  studies,  hermeneutics,  architectural 
and  postcolonial  theory,  aesthetics,  film  and 
television  studies,  and  history. 

<l  Robert  J.  Lefkowitz,  James  B.  Duke 
Professor  of  medicine  and  biochemistry  and 
a  Howard  Hughes  Medical  Institute  investi- 
gator at  Duke  Medical  Center,  earned  a 
National  Medal  of  Science,  the  nation's 
highest  honor  for  contributions  to  science. 
Lefkowitz,  who  received  the  medal  from 
President  George  W.  Bush  during  a  ceremo- 
ny at  the  White  House,  was  honored  for  a 
lifetime  of  research  on  a  major  receptor  sys- 
tem that  controls  the  body's  response  to 
drugs  and  hormones. 

<:  R.  Sanders  Williams  M.D.  '74,  senior 
vice  chancellor  for  academic  affairs  at  Duke 
medical  school  and  one  of  the  principal 
architects  of  the  medical  center's  global 
expansion  in  recent  years,  has  been  named 
senior  adviser  for  international  strategy  for 
the  university. 

■^  The  Duke  Global  Health  Institute  has 
received  a  three-year,  $400,000  grant  from 
the  National  Institutes  of  Health's  Fogarty 
International  Center  to  develop  a  new  & 
interdisciplinary  Master  of  Science  in  Glo-  § 
bal  Health  program. 


www.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


•  • 


In  Focus 


4    +    + 


TWEET  Y'ALL 


ost  animals  develop  their  vocal  communication 
signals,  whether  grunts  or  squeals  or  calls,  through 
trial  and  error:  If  it  gets  the  message  across,  use 
it  again.  But  some  species  of  birds,  like  humans, 
are  different.  Their  young  learn  through  mimicry,  that  is,  by 
imitating  the  sounds  made  by  their  elders. 

From  a  neurobiological  standpoint,  this  process  is  complex, 
as  it  requires  an  individual  not  just  to  create  a  sound,  but  also 
to  interpret  the  results-to  hear  the  sound,  decide  whether  it 
is  right  or  wrong,  and  tweak  the  process  the  next  time.  Such 
learning  through  mimicry  allows  regional  populations  of  the 
same  specielWBraaeveloplhe  equivalent  of  "accents," 
says  Richard  Mooney,  an  associate  professor  of  neurobiology. 
In  a  recent  study  of  swampjparrows,  Mooney  identified  a 
specific  set  of  neurols  thP^lar  to  play  an  important  role 
in  the  auditory  feedback  loop  in  the  birds'  brains.  The  neurons 
fire  in  similar  patterns  when  a  bird  sings  its  own  song  and 
when  it  hears  another  bird  singing  the  same  song. 


I 


Campus  Observer 


Got  a  Clue? 

A  new  "ethical  leadership"  program  combines  the  thrill 
of  the  (scavenger)  hunt  with  community-service  projects  to 
introduce  first-year  students  to  their  new  hometown. 


■H  wenty  students  form  three  small  hud- 
dles on  the  patio  behind  the  main 
branch  of  the  Durham  Public  Library, 
eagerly  awaiting  instructions. 
Having  just  finished  lunch,  they  know 
that  they  will  be  taking  part  in  something 
called  the  "Explore  Durham  Challenge,"  a 
scavenger  hunt  of  sorts,  but  as  of  yet,  they've 
received  tew  details. 


In  fact,  the  past  few  days  have  been  a 
blur.  Two  days  ago,  these  first-years  arrived 
on  campus  for  the  first  day  of  Project 
Change,  Duke's  newest  week-long,  pre-ori- 
entation  program.  Co-sponsored  by  the 
Kenan  Institute  for  Ethics  and  the  Women's 
Center,  the  experience  was  billed  as  "The 
Amazing  Race  Meets  Oprah's  Big  Give."  For 
those  unfamiliar  with  those  popular  televi- 


sion shows,  that  description  suggests  a  series 
of  competitive  team  "challenges"  paired 
with  a  community-service  project. 

All  twenty  students  are  wearing  blue  T- 
shirts  emblazoned  with  an  inspirational 
quote  from  psychologist-philosopher  Wil- 
liam James,  a  motto  of  sorts  for  the  program. 
"To  change  one's  life:  Start  immediately.  Do 
it  flamboyantly.  No  exceptions." 


20 


i-w.d  ukemaga:ine.duke.edu 


Hitting  the  streets:  Frosh  scramble  to  figure  out  clues 
and  beat  opposing  teams  to  next  Durham  landmark. 


After  delivering  a  few  brief  instructions, 
Ada  Gregory,  director  of  the  Women's 
Center  and  co-director  of  Project  Change, 
hands  each  group  a  rolled-up  sheet  of  or- 
ange paper. 

The  members  of  one  team,  "Team  ARC" 
(which,  they  say,  stands  for  affinity,  reality, 
and  communication),  unroll  their  sheet  and 
are  greeted  by  a  series  of  numbers,  which 
they  quickly  identify  as  a  simple  code,  with 
each  number  corresponding  to  a  letter. 

"Seven." 

"That's  G." 

"Fifteen." 

"That's  O." 

Soon,  a  message  appears:  Google  Lucky 
Strike  Tower. 

Presumably,  whoever  wrote  the  clues 
hoped  that  this  one  might  be  obscure 
enough  to  require  a  trip  back  to  the  library's 
computer  cluster.  But  several  of  the  stu- 
dents, having  just  taken  a  tour  of  downtown 
earlier  in  the  day,  bolt  in  the  general  direc- 
tion of  the  American  Tobacco  Campus,  a 
group  of  red-brick  warehouses  renovated 
and  repurposed  as  office,  residential,  and 


Tobacco  Campus,  they  at  first  have  trouble 
figuring  out  how  to  get  to  the  courtyard. 
They  circle  around,  finding  the  north  en- 
trance, and  fan  out,  trying  to  figure  out 
where  the  next  clue  might  be  hidden. 

After  several  moments,  Gregory  comes 
walking  into  the  courtyard,  shaking  her 
head.  "How  did  you  guys  get  here  so  fast?" 
she  asks,  handing  over  the  next  clue. 

The  clues  lead  the  group  through  down- 
town Durham,  past  major  sights  like  the 
Durham  Bulls  Athletic  Park  to  lesser-known 
local  treasures  like  Locopops  (a  local  gour- 
met popsicle  shop,  where  they  must  finish  a 
Mexican-chocolate-flavored  concoction  in 
order  to  see  their  next  clue),  a  popular  used- 
book  store,  and  the  farmers'  market;  and  by 
the  large,  block-lettered  "We  want  Oprah! !!" 
sign  that  has  graced  the  window  of  a  down- 
town building  for  more  than  three  years, 
pleading  for  a  visit  from  the  popular  talk- 
show  host  while  at  the  same  time  becoming 
a  sort  of  quirky  Durham  landmark. 

"From  the  get-go,  we  want  [the  students] 
to  build  an  understanding  and  appreciation 
of  Durham,"  explains  Suzanne  Shanahan, 


The  program  is  intensive  in  another,  more  modern  sense. 
Students  were  instructed  not  to  bring  laptop  computers  for  the  week, 
and  cell  phones  were  confiscated  for  the  duration  of  the  program. 


commercial  space.  A  water  tower  embla- 
zoned with  the  Lucky  Strike  logo  stands  at 
the  campus'  north  end. 

The  leaders  make  their  way  down  Rox- 
boro  Street  at  a  run,  looking  both  ways  (sort 
of)  and  crossing  the  road  where  it  passes 
under  the  train  tracks  just  past  Ramseur 
Street. 

A  group  of  followers  turns  a  block  early, 
and  walk-runs  down  Ramseur.  Julius  Jones, 
team  leader  for  "Julius  and  the  Phunky 
Phive,"  drops  the  valuable  downtown  map 
halfway  down  the  block,  but  before  he  has 
time  to  get  it,  the  lead  team  emerges  from 
around  a  corner  a  block  ahead,  and  he  gives 
chase.  A  teammate  returns  for  the  map. 

When  the  students  reach  the  American 


associate  director  of  the  Kenan  Institute 
and  co-director  of  Project  Change.  "We 
don't  want  them  spending  four  years  trying 
to  find  downtown." 

Of  course,  the  program  is  more  than  just  a 
glorified  city  tour.  It  is  an  effort  to  encour- 
age students  to  bond  and  develop  friend- 
ships as  they  serve  their  community  and 
learn  about  "ethical  leadership." 

Throughout  the  week,  students  will  col- 
laborate with  local  nonprofit  organizations 
to  plan  and  complete  short-term  service 
projects,  each  with  a  $1,000  budget,  to  be 
stretched  and  supplemented  by  soliciting 
donations  in  the  form  of  money  and  materi- 
als. One  group  will  work  with  Triangle  Res- 
idential Options  for  Substance  Abusers 


(TROSA),  a  program  aimed  at  rehabilitat- 
ing substance  abusers,  to  build  a  fence  and  a 
patio  behind  one  of  its  houses.  Another  will 
purchase  educational  materials  and  soft- 
ware for  the  children  living  at  Genesis 
Home,  a  transitional  shelter  for  homeless 
families,  as  well  as  creating  a  scholarship 
fund  for  foster  children.  The  third  will  work 
with  leaders  at  El  Centro  Hispano,  a  grass- 
roots community  group  dedicated  to  strength- 
ening the  local  Latino  community,  to  de- 
velop arts  programming  for  young  people 
and  plan  a  trip  to  the  El  Greco  exhibit  at 
the  Nasher  Museum  of  Art  for  later  in  the 
semester. 

The  aim  of  all  three  projects,  Shanahan 
says,  is  to  help  students  "develop  a  real 
sense  of  attachment  and  responsibility  to 
Durham  as  their  home,"  to  convey  the  mes- 
sage that  "being  a  leader  is  about  participat- 
ing collectively  toward  the  goals  of  your 
community."  Afterward,  Robbie  Curtis,  one 
of  several  members  of  Team  ARC  who  con- 
tinue to  volunteer  at  Genesis  Home  as 
after-school  tutors,  would  describe  the  proj- 
ect as  having  changed  his  idea  of  effective 
leadership.  "I  learned  that  you  need  to  be 
really  collaborative  for  people  to  respect 
your  views,"  he  said.  "A  leader  isn't  just 
someone  who  gives  orders." 

These  overarching  ideas  are  not  unique 
to  the  organizers  of  Project  Change.  In- 
creasingly, Duke  administrators  have  taken 
steps  to  make  first-year  students  feel  com- 
fortable not  just  on  campus,  but  also  in  the 
surrounding  community.  In  recent  years, 
the  regular  orientation  week  has  featured 
trips  to  Durham  Bulls  games,  dinner  down- 
town, and  an  "Into  the  City"  program  that 
includes  an  option  to  participate  in  a  one- 
day  service  project  or  join  a  faculty  member 
on  a  tour  of  a  local  museum,  neighborhood, 
or  park. 

But  Project  Change  represents  a  longer, 
more  intensive  approach.  Students  have  a 
full  week  to  bond  over  their  introduction — 
and  service — to  Durham. 

The  program  is  also  intensive  in  another, 
more  modern  sense.  Students  were  instructed 
not  to  bring  laptop  computers  tor  the  week, 
and  after  much  discussion,  organizers  decided 


DUKE  MAGAZINE      Novemk-r-lVrnilvr   _\Vs 


Q&A 


at  the  last  minute  to  confiscate  students'  cell 
phones  for  the  duration  of  the  program.  "We 
wanted  them  to  cohere  as  a  group,"  Shana- 
han  explains.  "Constant  cell-phone  calls 
and  texting  were  not  part  of  the  vision." 

However,  members  of  teams  that  win 
challenges  are  occasionally  granted  five 
minutes  of  cell-phone  time  as  a  prize. 

In  its  first  year,  the  program  has  already 
proven  a  popular  alternative  to  the  three 
existing  pre-orientation  programs:  Project 
WILD,  a  wilderness  trip;  Project  BUILD,  a 
community-service  program;  and  Project 
Waves,  based  at  the  Duke  Marine  Lab. 
There  were  more  than  300  applicants  for 
twenty-one  spots,  filled  on  a  first-come, 
first-served  basis.  Many  participants  speak 
enthusiastically  about  getting  to  know 
Durham  and  their  classmates.  Plus,  Curtis 
says  with  a  grin,  "it's  free."  (The  other  pre- 
orientation  programs  range  in  cost  from 
$375  to  $475.) 

■  ■  t  the  end  of  the  day,  Team  ARC 

■  1  ■  nn'snes  tne  race  'n  nrst  place,  hav- 

1  1  ing  taken  the  fewest  wrong  turns 
r  M  "on  the  way  from  the  farmers'  mar- 
ket (the  second-to-last  stop)  to  the  finish 
line  at  Genesis  Home.  This  is  the  first  chal- 
lenge that  they've  won,  and  they're  ecstat- 
ic. They  pose  for  a  few  photos,  mugging  for 
the  camera  with  big  smiles  and  goofy  high- 
fives,  then  hop  in  a  van  driven  by  the  pro- 
gram's organizers  in  an  effort  to  avoid  a 
light  rain  and  to  trick  the  second-place 
team  into  thinking  it  finished  first. 

Later  in  the  evening,  they  will  join  the 
others  to  prepare  a  dinner  for  residents  of 
Genesis  Home,  but  for  now,  they  can  revel 
in  their  victory.  They  may  even  get  to 
make  a  phone  call. 

They  pause  for  a  moment,  trying  to  de- 
cide whether  that's  a  good  thing.  After  just 
two  days,  they're  already  able  to  concede 
that  there  are  certain  benefits  to  a  cell- 
phone-free week.  "Imagine  trying  to  ex- 
plain to  your  family  what  we're  doing,"  one 
young  woman  says,  shaking  her  head.  "It 
could  take  all  day." 

— Jacob  Dagger 


Sports  Talk 


A  hundred  days  into  his  job  as 
Duke's  vice  president  and  athletics 
director-and  with  a  few  early- 
fall  football  victories  to  boast  of— 

Kevin  White  sat  down  to  talk  about 
his  new  role.  White  spent  the  past 
eight  years  as  director  of  athletics 
at  the  University  of  Notre  Dame. 
At  Duke,  he'll  be  putting  into  action 
a  strategic  plan  completed  in  the 
last  academic  year. 

Since  you  landed  on  the  scene,  has  anything  sur- 
prised you  about  Duke  athletics? 

The  strategic  plan  spoke  very  clearly  to 
the  fact  that  there  was  some  catching  up 
to  do  here  at  Duke.  I  was  actually  inspired 
by  that,  by  the  fact  that  the  university 
had  put  together  a  team  to  take  a  good 
hard  look  at  what  Duke  athletics  might 
be,  or  should  become,  over  the  next 
decade  or  so.  I'm  not  sure  that  Duke  is  in 
a  much  different  position  than  my  previ- 
ous institution  was  prior  to  my  arrival  in 
the  spring  of  2000.  This  isn't  the  first 
time  I've  been  down  this  path.  There's 
an  awful  lot  to  do,  there  are  some  pretty 
significant  challenges,  but  my  sense  is  it's 
going  to  be  a  heck  of  a  lot  of  fun. 

One  element  of  your  agenda  is  tapping  into  new 
revenue  sources.  What  might  they  be? 

Some  of  the  new  opportunities  in  college 
athletics  are  in  the  realm  of  new  media, 
but  I'm  not  quite  sure  how  that's  going 
to  shake  out.  In  addition  to  that,  at 
Duke  we  have  some  opportunity  to 
create  meaningful  associations  with  cor- 
porate partners.  We're  not  looking  at 


White:  striving  for  "a  harmonious  relationship 

between  the  pursuit  of  athletic  success  and  the 

pursuit  of  academic  excellence." 


over-commercialization.  But  we  are  looking 
at  the  possibility  of  putting  together  mean- 
ingful relations,  so  corporate  entities 
might  choose  to  be  associated  with  Duke 
athletics  and  also  with  one  another.  If  you 
negate  all  the  gimmicky  financial  mecha- 
nisms in  college  athletics,  there  are  only 
about  six  schools  that  aren't  relying  on 
some  form  of  institutional  subsidy  to  make 
their  budgets.  So  we're  entering  into  a  pret- 
ty tough  period  as  it  relates  to  the  financing 
of  intercollegiate  athletics.  We're  going  to 
need  to  be  creative. 

Is  there  something  at  the  top  of  your  list  of  priorities? 

Wallace  Wade  Stadium,  to  me,  clearly  is 
the  most  significant  need  we  have.  It's 
really  going  to  be  important  that  we  put 
a  football  business  plan  in  place.  We  have 
got  to  develop  a  passionate  fan  base  that 
will,  each  and  every  Saturday,  fill  the  stadi- 
um. We  have  got  to  figure  out  how  to 
reconfigure  that  facility  to  make  it  more 
effective  and  efficient  and  perhaps  enlarge 
it  to  some  degree,  potentially  including 
club  seating.  I  would  think  a  minimum  of 
about  40,000  seats  is  going  to  become  a 
necessity.  We've  been  very  reliant  on 
Cameron  Indoor  Stadium  and  all  the  reve- 
nue that's  been  produced  by  men's  basket- 
ball. We're  in  an  elite  position  when  you 
look  at  men's  basketball  within  this  coun- 
try. We've  got  to  provide  some  financial 
relief,  and  it  can  only  come  from  football. 

The  so-called  Olympic  sports  are  not  obvious 
revenue  makers  or  reputation  builders.  So  what's 
the  argument  for  enhancing  those  areas? 

There's  the  educational  component  that 
students  enjoy  from  participating  in  a  sport 
at  an  elite  academic  institution.  Then 
there's  institutional  advancement,  meaning 
greater  exposure  for  the  institution.  Reve- 
nue sports  clearly  can  provide  both,  but  so 
can  Olympic  sports. 


www.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


Can  we  be  sure  that  there's  a  positive  correlation 
between  a  university's  athletic  success  and  its 
overall  reputation? 

There  should  he  a  harmonious  relationship 
between  the  pursuit  of  athletic  success  and 
the  pursuit  of  academic  excellence.  And  I 
think  it's  historically  been  managed  quite 
well  here  at  Duke.  The  question  always 
comes  up:  What  are  the  most  significant 
challenges  in  college  athletics?  And  I  find 
myself  saying  that  the  most  significant 
challenge  is  maintaining  the  appropriate 
balance  between  academics  and  athletics. 
That  is  a  never-ending  tug-of-war.  There 
are  places  where  student-athletes  essential- 
ly major  in  athletics  and  minor  in  academ- 
ics. At  a  place  like  Duke,  student-athletes 
obviously  major  academically,  and  if  they 
weren't  majoring  athletically  as  well,  we 
wouldn't  be  very  competitive. 


Student-athletes  may  be  competing  academically, 
but  they're  also  spending  something  like  forty 


hours  a  week  in  their  team  sports.  Is  that  a 
healthy  balance? 

Well,  the  demands  continue  to  grow.  Duke 
is  one  of  those  institutions  where  student- 
athletes  tend  to  really  get  involved  deeply 
in  community  service  as  well.  It  has 
evolved  to  the  point  where  student-ath- 
letes live  a  very  structured,  hard-charging 
existence.  But  they  know  what  they  signed 
up  for;  they  are  a  very  competitive  breed. 
Students  across  the  board  can't  partake  in 
every  opportunity  at  a  place  like  this. 
Student-athletes  pick  the  things  they  want 
to  focus  on  and  excel  at,  and  in  that  sense 
they're  no  different  from  their  peers. 

If  you're  focused  on  building  a  winning  football 
program,  won't  there  be  pressure  to  make  more 
admissions  exceptions? 

We  believe  that  savvy  student-athletes  are 
looking  for  the  whole  package,  academics 
and  athletics.  They're  not  just  signing  on 
for  something  that  will  occupy  them  for 


four  or  five  years,  they're  making  a  decision 
that  will  influence  their  lives  forty  or  fifty 
years  from  now.  And  I  don't  think  there's 
anybody  at  Duke  who  is  advocating  dimin- 
ishing academic  standards  in  any  sports, 
certainly  not  in  football. 

You've  mentioned  financial  pressures  and  the 
academics-athletics  balance.  What  else  keeps  you 
up  at  night? 

If  you  look  at  the  number  of  student-ath- 
letes in  our  program,  with  all  the  related 
transactions,  it's  a  huge  issue  to  ensure 
compliance  with  the  rules  both  within  the 
ACC  and  the  NCAA.  Duke  has  a  repu- 
tation that  others  in  higher  education  can 
only  dream  about.  So  we've  got  an  awful  lot 
to  lose.  What's  the  expression?  It  takes  you 
a  hundred  years  to  create  a  reputation  and 
about  three  seconds  to  lose  it. 


-Robert  J .  Bitwise 


DUKE  MAGAZINE      Nowmlx-r-IVccmher  2008 


Is  Duke  safe  ?" 
TKe  caller  was  an  alumnus  who  grad- 
uated in  the  early  1980s.  His  oldest  child 
and  only  daughter  had  just  been  ac- 
cepted to  Duke.  He  had  read  about  the  mur- 
der of  a  graduate  student  in  an  off-campus 
apartment  last  January,  and  heard  anec-... 
dotes  about  Durham's  crime  rate  and  gang 
activity.  And  like  people  everywhere — but 
especially  parents  of  young  adults — he'd 
been  horrified  when  a  gunman  at  Virginia 
Tech  killed  thirty-two  people-and  injured 
dozens  of  others  before  .committing  suicide. 

Is  Duke  safe?  One  could  argue  that  in 
some  ways,  it's  a  lot  safer  than  when  the 
alumnus  attended.' Back  then,  the  drinking 
age  was  eighteen,  kegs /lowed  freely  seven 
days  a  week,- and  campus  fraternity  parties 
were  unmonitored,  bacchanalian  free-for-* 
alls.  Unless  you  had  access  to  a  car,  the  only 
way  to  get  around  campus  after  dark  was  to 
walk,  bike,  or  take  the  East- West  bus. 

Dorms  were  never  locked — scruffy 
lowers  of  the  Grateful  Dead  took  showers  iru 
the  bathrooms  and  crashed  in  commons 
areas  for  days  at  a  time  whenever  the  band 
played  local  gigs — and  sexual-assault  aware-, 
ness  and  prevention  programs  were  practi-' 
cally  nonexistent. 

On  the  other  hand,  today's  binge  drinking 
and  its  dangerous  consequences  (alcohol  t 
poisoning,  subpar  academic  performance, 
risky  behaviors)  are  endemic  among  college  ' 
students.  Instructions  on  how  to  manufac- 
ture so-called  "date  rape"  drugs  like  GHB 


.d,ukemas 


.duke.edu 


BY  BRIDGET  BOOHER  /  ILLUSTRATIONS  BY  BRIAN  HUBBLE  /  PHOTOS  BY  JON  GARDINER 


^ir^pf 


•.  •«'  "'J- 


m  iv  i.. 

Pi 

^        FATAL  SHOOTINGS  AT  U.S.  [jjjlM^ 

M:iW^llllll^,vi!IL'li]i;iTHAT  CAMPUSES. 
NO  MATTER  HOW  gULATED  OR  BUCOLIO, 
ARFMlHhWlHTO  VIOLENT  CRIME.  Hi 


KE  OTHER  UN  VERS  TES 


HEGHTENED 


ATTENTONIfflSAFETY 


JflflSECURTY 


2f  ^ 


and  rohypnol  are  easily  found  on  the  In- 
ternet. And  fatal  shootings  on  U.S.  college 
campuses — thirty-nine  dead  in  2007  alone 
— have  become  a  chilling  reminder  that  a 
campus  setting,  no  matter  how  insulated  or 
bucolic,  is  not  impervious  to  violent  crime. 

For  parents  like  the  anxious  alumnus,  the 
question  of  whether  Duke — or  any  college 
campus,  for  that  matter — is  safe  can't  be 
answered  with  an  absolute.  Administrators 
say  that  k's  generally  safer  for  students  to 
live  on  campus  rather  than  off  campus;  that 
traveling  alone,  especially  after  dark,  is  in- 
advisable; and  that  personal  responsibility 
— particularly  among  undergraduates  who 
v;  are  more  likely  to  test  new  limits,  drink  to 
excess,  and  exercise  poor  judgment — plays 
an  essential  yet  often  overlooked  part  of 
keeping  the  entire  Duke  community  safe. 

"Our  mission  is  to  have  students,  faculty, 
and  staff  feel  comfprtable  going  about  their 
business,  whether  that's  attending  class, 
conducting  research,  or  performing  their 
obs,"  says  Kernel  Dawkins,  vice  president 
for  campus  services.  Dawkins'  office,  oversees 
a  dozen  departments,  including  event  man- 
agement, parking  and  transportation,  Duke 
Gardens,  Duke  Forest,  and  the  Duke  Police 
Department.  "At  the  same  time,  Duke  is  a 
very  open  campus.  Right  now  we  have  peo- 
ple coming  from  all  over  tor  the  El  Greco 
exhibit  at  the  Nasher,  we  have  events  al- 
most every  weekend  in  the  gardens,  and 
there  is  renewed  interest  in  Duke  football. 
We  want  t,o  continue  to  make  thi€  a  wel- 
coming and  inviting  place,  while  engaging 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     November-December  AW 


our  community  on  a  regular  basis  to  look 
out  for  each  other  and  report  things  that 
don't  seem  right." 

With  approximately  15,000  undergraduate, 
graduate,  and  professional  school  students;  a 
work  force  of  about  30,000  throughout  the 
university  and  Duke  University  Health  Sys- 
tem (DUHS);  and  an  estimated  two  million 
visitors  a  year,  the  Duke  community  is  an 
amorphous  and  somewhat  transient  entity. 
As  multiple  populations  engage  in  a  range 
of  activities — some  that  overlap  and  are 
complementary,  others  that  have  nothing 
in  common — Dawkins  and  his  colleagues 
employ  a  range  of  approaches  to  ensuring 
the  safety  and  well-being  of  its  members. 

"From  an  institutional  standpoint,  we  are 
constantly  evaluating  and  re-evaluating 
safety  and  security  concerns,"  says  Dawkins. 
"Having  said  that,  I  want  to  make  sure  that 
our  performance  and  people's  expectations 
are  matched.  I  don't  want  people  to  think 
that  they  don't  have  to  take  precautions, 
because  they  do." 

Owing  to  Duke's  porous  borders  and  sprawl- 
ing footprint — 9,350  acres  stretching  over 
three  counties — crime  statistics  (see  chart  on 
page  28)  reflect  events  that  occur  not  just 
on  the  undergraduate  campus,  but  in  the 
medical  center  (an  employee  receiving  ha- 
rassing calls  from  an  ex-husband,  a  visitor 
shoplifting  candy  from  the  hospital  can- 
teen), in  the  far  reaches  of  Duke  Forest  (car 
break-ins  at  trail  entrances),  or  at  satellite 
parking  lots  (stolen  catalytic  converters, 
scratched  vehicles). 

"Our  crime  rates  per  population  density 
are  relatively  low,"  says  Aaron  Graves,  asso- 
ciate vice  president  for  campus  safety  and 
security  and  head  of  the  Duke  University 
Police  Department  (DUPD).  "There  is  a 
perception  that  we  are  here  to  protect  the 
community  from  outside  elements,  but  by 
far  the  majority  of  reported  incidents  we  see 
are  student-on-student  theft,  or  employee- 
on-employee  theft,  where  items  are  stolen 
or  misplaced.  In  these  incidents,  the  victims 
are  part  of  our  community,  but  the  suspects 
are  also  part  of  our  community.  These  are 
crimes  of  opportunity." 

As  Graves  notes,  the  most  prevalent  form 
of  reported  crime  occurs  when  items  of 
value — laptops,  iPods,  book  bags,  wallets — 


ETY  IN  NUMBERS 


] 


68  Percent  of  colleges  th 
plan  to  deploy  new/ 
upgraded  emergency 
alert  systems  in  2008 
according  to  Campus 
Safety  magazine 

7   Outdoor  warning  sirens 
installed  this  past  summer 
at  Duke 

425,000   Cost  in  dollars  to  buy  and 
install  the  siren  system 

650   Surveillance  cameras 
around  campus  and  the 
medical  center 

500    Emergency  help  phones 
around  campus 

150    Duke  University  Police 
Department  (DUPD) 
officers  assigned  to 
campus  patrol  duty 

600    Average  number  of  calls 
received  by  Duke  EMS 
per  year 

3   Average  time,  in  minutes, 
it  takes  for  first  respon- 
ders  to  arrive  at  scene 
of  reported  crime  or 
emergency 

15  Apartment  complexes 
occupied  by  Duke  stu- 
dents off  West  Campus 


I 


1 


28    Daily  roundtrip  shuttle 
loops  to  those  apartment 
complexes 

57    Laptops  missing  in  2007 
(with  cell  phones  and 
iPods.the  items  most  of- 
ten reported  lost  or  stolen) 

0    Cost  to  members  of  the 
Duke  community  to  have 
valuables  engraved  by 
the  DUPD 


are  left  unattended.  Two  locations  that  pop 
up  with  frequency  on  the  police  logs  are 
Wilson  Recreation  Center  and  Brodie  Gym. 
Even  though  an  ample  number  of  lockers 
is  available,  gym-goers  are  responsible  for 
bringing  their  own  locks,  an  extra  step  that 
many  forego,  instead  leaving  their  valuables 
unsecured  while  they  hit  the  treadmills  or 
play  a  game  of  pickup  basketball.  DUPD's 
crime-prevention  manager,  David  A.  Wil- 
liams, says  that  very  few  members  of  the 
Duke  community  take  advantage  of  the  de- 
partment's frequently  publicized  free  en- 
graving service  that  makes  it  easier  to  iden- 
tify lost  or  stolen  property. 

Graves  says  there  are  a  number  of  ways 
for  concerned  parents  and  others  to  stay 
apprised  of  criminal  activity  that  occurs  on 
or  near  campus.  DUPD  distributes  daily  e- 
mail  messages  through  an  automated  list- 
serv  (sign  up  at  hup: /I dukenews.duke.edu! 
police  .html) ,  and  posts  weekly  reports  on  its 
DUPD  website  (http://www.duke.edu/webl 
police/info/index. html).  Duke  also  compiles 
and  distributes  statistics  in  compliance  with 
the  Jeanne  Clery  Disclosure  of  Campus 
Security  Policy  and  Campus  Crime  Sta- 
tistics Act,  a  federal  law  that  requires  col- 
leges and  universities  across  the  U.S.  to  pro- 
vide information  about  crime. 

Though  the  majority  of  reported  crimes 
are  relatively  minor  incidents,  two  major 
events  accentuated  the  need  for  Duke  to 
think  more  strategically  about  campus  safe- 
ty and  emergency  preparedness.  In  the  spring 
of  2006,  allegations  of  an  off-campus  rape 
by  Duke  students  exploded  into  a  racially 
charged,  nationally  followed  case  that  has 
come  to  be  known  simply  as  "lacrosse."  As 
the  tangled  mess  slowly  began  to  unravel, 
senior  administrators  identified  a  number  of 
areas  for  improvement,  including  the  uni- 
versity's internal  and  external  lines  of  com- 
munication. One  year  later,  the  Virginia  Tech 
massacre  served  as  a  grim  warning  that  pre- 
paring for  worst-case  scenarios  should  be  an 
ongoing  imperative  for  any  institution. 

Like  many  universities,  Duke  responded 
to  the  Virginia  Tech  tragedy  by  accelerating 
safety  improvements  already  in  the  works, 
and  implementing  a  host  of  others.  A  de- 
tailed emergency-management  response 
plan  includes  a  communications  compo- 


26 


.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


nent  that  spells  out  a  chain  of  command  for     consultants  to  conduct  training  exercises 


alerting  members  of  the  Duke  communi- 
ty— students,  faculty  and  staff  members, 
trustees,  parents,  alumni,  and  visitors — as 
well  as  the  Durham  community  and  other 
local,  state,  and  national  agencies  (law  en- 
forcement, media),  depending  on  the  na- 
ture of  the  crisis. 

Over  the  summer,  seven  forty-foot-high 
warning  sirens  were  installed  in  key  loca--- 
tions  on  East,  West,  and  Central  campuses, 
and  in  proximity  to  the  medical  center.  In 
the  case  of  a  serious  emergency — an  armed 
or  dangerous  person,  for  example,  or  a 
chemical  explosion  or  tornado  sighting — a 


that  brought  together  top-level  administra- 
tors from  around  campus  to  deal  collective- 
ly with  a  simulated  crisis.  In  one  scenario,  a 
transformer  explodes  on  Erwin  Road  near 


ELABORATE  PRECAUT  ONS 


"WE  TAKE  _ 

to  fflEEIIliMB,"  says 

VICE  PRESIDENT  FOR  MMB  AFFAIRS 


high-decibel  tone,  audible  for  up  to  one- 
half  mile,  is  followed  by  a  live  or  recorded 
message  explaining  what  is  happening  and 
what  people  should  do.  The  sirens,  along 
with  emergency  text  and  e-mail  message 
notification,  are  tested  on  an  ongoing  basis. 
An  emergency  website  (www. emergency. 
duke.edu)  launched  in  May  provides  timely 
updates,  contact  information  and  links,  and 
options  for  subscribing  to  RSS  feeds  and 
text  messaging. 
Duke  also  hired  emergency-management 


the  medical  center,  knocking  out  power  to 
broad  sections  of  campus.  Another  virtual 
crisis  situation — a  LifeFlight  helicopter 
crashes  into  Wilson  Recreation  Center — 
was  devised  by  the  Office  of  News  and 
Communications  to  test  communications  re- 
sponsiveness. 

As  a  direct  result  of  these  conversations 
and  case  studies,  Duke  and  Stanford  Uni- 
versity forged  a  reciprocal  agreement  to 
guest  host  each  other's  website  should  either 
university  lose  its  Internet  servers.  Stanford, 


like  many  California  institutions,  is  further 
along  in  emergency  planning  because  of  the 
higher  risks  of  earthquakes  and  wildfires. 
From  a  practical  standpoint,  it  also  makes 
sense  to  collaborate  with  an  institution  on 
the  opposite  side  of  the  country,  lest  a  natu- 
ral disaster  or  terrorist  attack  cripple  an 
entire  region. 

"We  are  doing  really  well  in  terms  of  how 
we  alert  the  Duke  community  in  the  case  of 
an  emergency,"  says  university  secretary  and 
vice  president  Richard  Riddell,  who  chairs 
the  two-year-old  emergency-management 
council  and  serves  as  a  kind  of  air  traffic 
controller  for  monitoring  real  and  potential 
safety  issues  around  campus.  (Monte  Brown 
is  Riddell's  counterpart  at  the  Duke  Uni- 
versity Health  System,  which  consists  of 
the  medical  school  and  School  of  Nursing, 
research  institutes  and  centers,  and  clinics 
and  patient-care  operations. ) 

But  Riddell  notes  that  "we  still  have  work 
to  do  to  let  students,  faculty,  and  employees 
know  what  their  role  is,  and  what  they  need 
to  do,  not  just  in  an  emergency  but  as  part 
of  their  day-to-day  routine."  For  example, 
an  Associated  Press  report  earlier  this  year 
found  that  college  students  are  slow  to  sign 
up  for  emergency  text  messages.  To  increase 
the  likelihood  that  Duke  students  will  sign 
up,  campus  safety  officials  sent  letters  to  par- 
ents encouraging  them  to  make  sure  their 
sons  and  daughters  took  this  simple  step. 

Paul  Grantham,  assistant  vice  president 
for  communications  services,  says  that  no 
single  method  of  notifying  the  entire  Duke 
community  can  be  effective.  "Our  commu- 
nications strategy  is  built  on  redundancy," 
he  says.  "We  have  low-tech  options,  like  the 
public-address  system  or  having  residence- 
life  staff  knock  on  doors,  and  we  have  high- 
tech  options,  such  as  text  messaging  and 
RSS  feeds.  One  of  the  things  we  want  to 
track  is  how  people  first  hear  that  there  is  a 
drill  or  an  actual  emergency,  so  we  can 
refine  and  improve  how  we  notify  people." 

Technology  allows  instantaneous  com- 
munication, but  speed  has  its  drawbacks. 
When  an  undergraduate  student  died  in  his 
dorm  last  year,  student-affairs  staff  members 
and  police  officers  arrived  on  the  scene 
within  minutes  of  receiving  a  91 1  call  from 
one  of  the  young  man's  friends.  By  the  time 
they  got  there,  students  had  begun  gather- 
ing outside  the  dorm,  and  were  already  text- 
ing  messages  to  their  friends  and  acquain- 
tances about  what  had  happened — or  what 
they  had  heard  had  happened  from  second- 
hand sources.  University  officials  were  com- 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     Novcmk-r-LVvmlxT  200S 


27 


pelled  to  call  the  family  on  the  spot,  with- 
out knowing  all  the  facts,  because  details  of 
the  student's  death  (accurate  or  not)  were 
already  being  disseminated.  Grantham  says 
that  ensuring  messages  are  both  timely  and 
accurate  can  be  a  delicate  balancing  act. 

"We  send  out  what  we  know  as  soon  as  we 
know  it,"  he  says.  "But  in  an  emergency  sit- 
uation, we  aren't  going  to  know  everything 
at  once.  So  when  we  send  out  those  up- 
dates, we  want  to  be  very  clear  about  telling 
people  what  we  know  to  be  fact,  as  well  as 
telling  them  what  we  don't  know."  Case  in 
point:  Last  spring  a  steam  line  ruptured  at 
the  Levine  Science  Research  Center  (LSRC), 
killing  longtime  Duke  employee  Raymond 
Coffer.  In  addition  to  e-mail  messages  sent 
immediately  to  members  of  the  campus  com- 
munity, and  an  alert  message  posted  on  the 
front  page  of  the  Duke  Today  website,  the 
emergency  website  posted  updates,  provid- 
ing details  on  how  the  building's  systems 
were  being  tested  and  repaired,  and  inform- 
ing LSRC  employees  when  it  was  safe  to  re- 
port back  to  work. 

Protecting  students 

In  theory,  college  is  a  time  for  young  adults 
to  express  their  independence,  become  re- 
sponsible adults,  and  learn,  through  trial  and 


error,  how  to  contribute  in  positive  ways  to 
the  larger  community  in  which  they  live.  In 
practice,  that's  not  always  a  smooth  process. 
In  the  1960s  and  1970s,  college  students 
began  objecting  to  the  notion  of  in  loco  par- 
entis, whereby  institutions  imposed  curfews 
and  social  standards  on  young  people  away 
from  home  for  the  first  time,  the  better  to 
keep  them  from  harm.  Rather  than  view 
such  rules  as  benign  safeguards,  students 
argued  that  such  measures  were  infantiliz- 
ing  and  implied  a  lack  of  maturity  and  good 
judgment.  From  both  legal  and  moral  view- 
points, most  colleges  and  universities  con- 


cur that  in  loco  parentis  is  not  the  ideal 
model  for  helping  teenagers  become  auton- 
omous adults. 

In  the  last  two  decades,  though,  students 
who  chafed  at  in  loco  parentis  became  par- 
ents themselves.  With  their  own  children 
heading  off  to  college,  these  parents  want 
assurance  that  safety  precautions  and  safe- 
guards are  in  place  to  protect  them  from 
harm.  And  even  though  the  trend  in  higher 
education  is  for  more  robust  student-affairs 
staffs  and  student-life  services,  coordinating 
those  efforts  is  a  challenge.  At  Virginia 
Tech,  gunman  Seung-Hui  Cho's  unstable 


www.ilukcm.i'j.i: 


behavior  and  actions  leading  up  to  the 
shooting  had  come  to  the  attention  of  offi- 
cials in  judicial  and  student  affairs,  the 
counseling  center,  and  university  police, 
but  none  of  these  agencies  shared  or  esca- 
lated their  concerns  with  counterparts  across 
campus,  believing  (incorrectly)  that  to  do 
so  would  be  a  breach  of  student  privacy. 

At  Duke,  these  departments  are  in  con- 
stant communication.  On  the  student-affairs 
side,  Sue  Wasiolek,  assistant  vice  president 
for  student  affairs  and  dean  of  students,  con- 
venes a  Monday-morning  meeting  during 
the  academic  year  at  which  various  student- 
affairs  officers  review  events  from  the  previ- 
ous week.  At  any  given  meeting,  between 
fifteen  and  twenty  people  attend,  including 
deans  who  oversee  East,  West,  Central,  and 
off-campus  student  life;  representatives  from 
judicial  affairs  and  fraternity  and  sorority 


with  him  (he  was  taken  to  the  emergency 
room  and  referred  for  counseling). 

Other  cases  before  the  group  involve  more 
comprehensive  supervision.  A  second-year 
student  who  had  earned  a  reputation  for 
partying  hard  her  freshman  year  had  assured 
her  academic  dean  at  the  start  of  fall  classes 
that  she  was  now  on  the  straight  and  nar- 
row. But  according  to  the  young  woman's 
residence  coordinator,  she  had  shown  up  for 
an  afternoon  dorm  meeting  with  beer  in 
hand,  and  at  the  weekend's  tailgate  party 
before  the  football  game,  another  dean  had 
spotted  the  woman  in  full  party  mode. 

In  this  case,  as  in  others  involving  stu- 
dents of  concern,  the  young  woman's  name 
is  added  to  a  database  maintained  by  Amy 
Powell,  the  student-affairs  case  manager.  A 
position  created  just  this  year,  the  case  man- 
ager coordinates  the  efforts  of  student-fo- 


REPORTED 


THE  MOST  PREVALENT. 

WHEN  ITEMS  OF  VALUE- 


CR  ME  OCCURS 


LAPTOPS.  BOOK  BAGS 


1MLEFT  UNATTENDED 


life;  an  alcohol-  and  substance-abuse-pre- 
vention manager;  and  members  of  the  resi- 
dential-life and  housing  staff. 

Wasiolek  76,  M.H.A.  78,  LL.M.  '93  be- 
gins each  meeting  by  asking  for  an  update 
from  the  person  just  coming  off  his  or  her 
shift  as  dean  on  call — a  position  that  rotates 
among  staff  members,  assuring  that  there  is 
a  student-affairs  staff  member  available 
twenty-four  hours  a  day  to  address  urgent  or 
emergency  situations  that  involve  students. 

At  an  early-September  meeting,  the  first 
since  this  year's  first-year  students  arrived 
on  campus,  the  report  includes  a  faulty 
smoke  detector  in  a  residence  hall  (emer- 
gency maintenance  was  notified),  a  call  from 
a  resident  adviser  wanting  to  know  if  it  was 
permissible  for  students  to  smoke  a  hookah 
on  the  outdoor  patio  (as  long  as  they  weren't 
smoking  anything  illegal,  she  was  told),  and 
a  distraught  young  man  who  took  an  over- 
dose of  Motrin  after  his  girlfriend  broke  up 


cused  campus  entities  to  ensure  an  integrat- 
ed approach  to  addressing  a  spectrum  of 
needs  a  student  might  have. 

For  example,  the  loss  of  a  parent  or  close 
family  member  could  have  an  impact  on  a 
student's  academic  performance,  his  mental 
health,  and  even  his  financial-aid  package 
should  the  family's  income  fluctuate.  In  a 
situation  like  that,  Powell  would  collabo- 
rate with  the  student's  academic  deans,  who 
alert  the  student's  professors  to  the  situa- 
tion; professional  staff  in  Counseling  and 
Psychological  Services,  to  which  the  stu- 
dent might  be  referred;  and  the  financial 
aid  and  registrar's  office. 

First-year  students  receive  the  most  super- 
vision, including  faculty  members  living  in 
residence  halls,  academic  advisers,  resident 
advisers,  residence  coordinators,  and  first- 
year  advisory  counselors.  Housekeeping  staff 
members  have  also  been  trained  to  watch 
for  clues  that  indicate  unhealthy  behav- 


ior— the  frequent  presence  of  vomit  in  a  bath- 
room used  by  women,  for  example,  could 
indicate  a  student  struggling  with  bulimia. 

"One  of  the  things  we  tell  parents  during 
orientation  is  to  contact  us  if  something 
doesn't  seem  right,"  says  Larry  Moneta,  vice 
president  for  student  affairs.  "Sometimes 
when  parents  have  concerns — their  son  or 
daughter  hasn't  called  in  a  few  days  and 
they  usually  call  every  day,  or  they  sound 
sad  on  the  phone — they  don't  want  their 
children  to  think  they  are  interfering.  We 
can  maintain  that  parent's  confidentiality 
while  still  checking  to  see  if  everything's 
okay.  We  might  ask  the  resident  adviser  to 
stop  by  the  student's  room,  or  ask  that  stu- 
dent's roommate  how  things  are  going 
between  them.  We  take  elaborate  precau- 
tions to  mitigate  risk." 

Senior  Daniel  DeVougas  is  in  his  third 
year  as  a  residence  adviser  (RA).  He  says  he 
likes  being  a  mentor  and  sounding  board  for 
first-year  students  who  are  juggling  new 
academic  and  social  pressures.  "RAs  play  a 
unique  role  because  students  see  us  as  one  of 
them,"  he  says.  "I've  had  students  complain 
about  the  party  scene,  and  I  can  tell  them 
from  firsthand  experience  that  not  every- 
one drinks,  and  that  there  is  a  social  scene 
that  involves  people  getting  together  to 
cook  or  make  music,  not  just  to  drink." 

There  is  a  somewhat  predictable  arc  to 
the  experiences  and  emotions  first-year  stu- 
dents encounter,  he  says.  "Students  arrive  at 
Duke  ready  to  take  on  the  world.  They 
know  they  want  to  be  premed  or  prelaw. 
They  all  go  to  the  party  scene  early  on; 
some  keep  going  while  others  focus  more  on 
their  studies.  Then  around  midterms,  they 
get  a  C  on  a  paper  or  a  test  and  they  think 
their  world  is  about  to  end.  I  am  there  to 
reassure  them  that  this  happens  to  almost 
everyone.  I  can  tell  them  where  to  go  for 
help.  One  of  the  most  powerful  things 
about  being  an  RA  is  that  I'm  not  pushing 
policy.  I'm  providing  a  positive  role  model." 

Off-campus  dangers 

From  her  perspective  as  director  of  student 
development  for  the  Graduate  School, 
Tomalei  Vess  Ph.D.  '02  agrees  that  the  uni- 
versity provides  an  impressive  array  of  sup- 
port services  for  undergraduates.  She  is  less 


DUKE  MAGAZINE      NoYcniKMVccmher  2008 


sanguine  about  resources  provided  to  the 
thousands  of  students  enrolled  in  graduate 
and  professional  programs. 

"About  one-third  of  our  Graduate  School 
enrollment  is  international  students,  and 
many  of  those  are  coming  to  the  United 
States  for  the  first  time,"  she  says.  "Nearly  all 
of  our  students  live  off  campus" — the  num- 
ber of  beds  for  graduate  students  on  Central 
Campus  has  dwindled  from  a  high  of  200  to 
seventy-four.  "And  because  they  generally 
don't  have  a  lot  of  money,  they  don't  have 
cars,  and  they  look  tor  apartments  that  may 
be  cheap  but  that  aren't  necessarily  safe, 
they  are  easy  targets  for  crime." 

Vess  says  that  last  year's  murder  of  engi- 
neering doctoral  student  Abhijit  Mahato  in 
his  off-campus  apartment  underscored  the 
importance  of  keeping  all  students  safe. 
"When  we  conduct  recruiting,  we  frequent- 
ly get  asked  about  transportation  and  hous- 
ing. We  have  had  applicants  who  were 
offered  admission  but  who  decided  to  go 
somewhere  else,  because  other  universities 
have  more  on-campus  housing  for  graduate 
students  and  better  public  transportation. 
These  are  not  insignificant  issues." 

At  the  urging  of  the  Graduate  and  Pro- 


result,  the  number  of  vehicles  in  the  Safe 
Rides  fleet  has  doubled  from  four  to  eight. 
And  after  months  of  negotiations,  Duke  is 
poised  to  enter  into  an  agreement  with 
Zipcars,  a  national  car-lending  service.  By 
as  early  as  the  spring  semester,  anyone  who 
joins  the  program  can  reserve  and  borrow  a 
car  by  the  hour  or  day,  much  like  the  Duke 
Bikes  program.  _ 

Improving  safety  off  campus,  is,  also  .a 
pressing  issue  for  many  of  Durham's  proper- 
ty managers  who  cater  to  students. "At^a 
quarterly  meeting  in  September,  about_a' 
dozen  owner/managers  and  member^  of 
Duke's  student-affairs  staff  convened  to  dis- 
cuss a  range  of  issues,  from  how  to  e,v 
problem  students  to  Duke's  role  in  prosecut 
ing  people  charged  with  crimes  against  stu- 
dents. One  owner,  whose  company  has 
been  in  business  for  three  decades,  and  in 
whose  apartment  complex  Mahato  lived, 
expressed  frustration  that  students  may  not 
report  crime  because  they  think  j^pthing 
will  come  of  it,  or  if  they  do  and  sofneone  is 
caught,  it  takes  so  long  for  the  case  to  wind 
its  way  through  court  that  the  student  has 
graduated  and,  understandably,  does  not 
want  to  travel  back  to  Durham  to  testify 


BDBBffl^CEPTHlQFljl^fil^llllkJiM^lilllllllJlS  MIXED, 


CONSEQUENCE  [MDANGEROUS  OR  ILLEGAL  ACTIVITY 


fessional  Student  Council,  Duke  this  fall 
added  a  free  shuttle  bus  that  travels  in  a 
continuous  loop  to  apartment  buildings  along 
LaSalle  Street,  Morreene  Road,  and  Cam- 
pus Walk  Avenue,  an  area  with  a  high  con- 
centration of  students  living  off  campus.  The 
service,  which  provides  transportation  for 
residents  living  in  fifteen  complexes,  oper- 
ates from  7  a.m.  to  9  p.m.,  Monday  through 
Friday. 

After  hours,  members  of  the  Duke  com- 
munity, including  graduate  students,  can 
call  the  university-operated  Safe  Rides  to 
get  where  they  need  to  go,  whether  that  is  a 
remote  parking  lot  or  an  off-campus  apart- 
ment. Designed  to  supplement  the  regular 
bus  service  between  and  through  East, 
West,  and  Central  campuses,  the  Safe  Rides 
program  underwent  a  comprehensive  evalu- 
ation of  its  services  last  spring,  partly  in 
response  to  student  complaints,  to  analyze 
peak  demand  and  rider  responsiveness.  As  a 


against  the  accused.  As  a  result,  the  same 
criminals  continue  to  commit  crimes. 

"Can't  Duke  play  more  of  a  role  in  serv- 
ing as  a  victim's  advocate  in  the  courts?"  she 
asked. 

Moneta  noted  that  the  university  "can't 
position  itself  as  having  a  greater  need  than 
other  parts  of  Durham,"  particularly  those 
areas  with  higher  crime  rates.  He  assured 
the  group  that  Duke  officials  do  follow  crim- 
inal cases  very  closely,  and  work  with  the 
local  law-enforcement  agencies  and  the  at- 
torney general's  office  to  expedite  prosecu- 
tion when  appropriate  and  feasible. 

"If  we  try  to  address  these  problems  on 
the  back  end,  it's  going  to  be  an  uphill  bat- 
tle that  we  will  lose,"  he  said.  "We  believe 
that  we  are  your  partners  in  keeping  our  stu- 
dents and  communities  safe.  If  you  have 
concerns  about  safety,  call  us.  If  you  have 
problems  with  exuberant  partyers,  call  us. 
We  are  here  to  help  you." 


Law  and  order 

Reciprocity  between  community  partners 
extends  to  the  Duke  and  Durham  police 
departments  as  well.  The  two  agencies  have 
a  concurrent  jurisdiction  agreement,  which 
means  that  Duke  can  ask  the  Durham  po- 
lice for  help  with  crimes  on  campus,  and 
the  Duke  police  can  respond  to  crime  in- 
volving members  of  the  Duke  community 
who  live  in  surrounding  neighborhoods. 

When  someone  dials  911  on  a  campus 
land  line,  the  call  is  immediately  routed  to 
the  DUPD  emergency  call  center,  which 
dispatches  Duke  police  officers  and,  when 
warranted,  responders  from  Duke  Univer- 
sity Emergency  Medical  Services  (EMS).  If 
the  call  involves  a  serious  or  complicated 
circumstance — murder  or  accidental  death, 
an  explosion  or  fire — the  DUPD  alerts  the 
Durham  Police  and  may  request  additional 
resources  such  as  crime-scene  detectives  or 
arson  investigators.  Emergency  911  calls 


/w.dukemagazine.  duke.edu 


made  on  cell  phones  are  routed  to  the  Dur- 
ham Police,  who  alert  Duke  officials  when 
the  incident  involves  a  Duke-affiliated  in- 
dividual. 

In  the  past  two  years,  both  agencies  have 
brought  on  new  leadership.  In  Durham, 
Chief  Jose  Lopez  has  launched  a  number  of 
crime-prevention  and  crime-fighting  initia- 
tives, and  pledged  greater  accountability 
and  responsiveness  to  the  community. 

At  Duke,  Aaron  Graves  is  pursuing  accred- 
itation of  the  campus  police  department 
through  the  International  Association  of 
Campus  Law  Enforcement  Administrators. 
The  voluntary  but  rigorous  process  can  take 
up  to  three  years,  and  requires  institutions 
to  meet  more  than  200  national  safety  stan- 
dards. Lopez  and  Graves  are  also  addressing 
the  problem  of  recruiting  and  retaining 
qualified  officers;  both  departments  pay  to 
train  new  recruits,  who,  once  certified  and 
sworn  in,  often  move  on  seeking  higher  pay 
or  the  faster  pace  of  an  urban  setting. 

A  Chronicle  series  last  spring  implied  that 
the  high  turnover  rate  at  Duke  was  an  aber- 
ration and  cause  for  alarm.  In  fact,  it's  a 
challenge  faced  by  departments  nationwide 
as  colleges  and  universities  strive  to  in- 
crease their  security  forces,  and  as  ever- 
shrinking  municipal  budgets  keep  officer 
salaries  low. 


Student  perception  of  Duke  and  Durham 
police  is  mixed,  in  part  because  encounters 
with  either  agency  are  usually  a  consequence 
of  dangerous  or  illegal  activity.  "When  Duke 
students  are  confronted  by  the  Durham 
Police  or  ALE  [Alcohol  Law  Enforcement] 
officers  or  even  the  Durham  County  Sher- 
iff's department,  it  is  oftentimes  the  result 
of  behavior  issues  involving  alcohol,"  says 
Graves. 

"When  that  happens,  there  is  a  percep- 
tion that  the  Duke  police  should  come  to 
their  aid  and  relief,  that  they  should  some- 
how get  a  pass.  But  as  sworn  police  officers, 
we  have  an  obligation  to  enforce  the  laws  of 
the  state,  the  orders  of  the  city,  and  any 
other  federal  laws  that  apply." 

Still,  he  says,  both  city  and  campus  law- 
enforcement  officers  have  a  fair  amount  of 
discretion  in  how  they  handle  a  particular 
incident.  "On  any  given  day  we'll  get  a  call 
from  the  Durham  police  about  an  intoxicat- 
ed Duke  student.  We  have  the  discretion 
not  to  arrest  him,  to  take  him  back  to  his 
dorm  or  put  him  in  detox  overnight.  This  is 
a  common  occurrence,  but  not  one  that's 
highly  publicized,  because  if  it  was,  it  would 
read  like,  well,  here's  another  privileged  Duke 
student  who's  getting  yet  another  break." 

Ben  Applebome  '09  is  the  director  of  Duke 
EMS.  Originally  a  student  initiative  admin- 


istered through  student  affairs,  Duke  EMS 
became  part  of  the  DUPD  in  2003.  It  con- 
tinues to  be  an  all-volunteer  student  organ- 
ization that  serves  as  an  emergency  medical 
first  responder. 

Applebome  joined  Duke  EMS  the  fall  of 
his  freshman  year,  has  volunteered  with 
several  emergency  service  agencies  in  his 
home  state  of  New  York,  and  volunteers  with 
North  Carolina's  Orange  County  EMS.  From 
his  perspective  working  alongside  the  Duke 
police  force  for  the  last  four  years,  Apple- 
bome says  he  has  been  impressed  by  the 
level  of  dedication  that  the  DUPD  officers 
bring  to  their  jobs. 

"I  have  tremendous  respect  for  the  Duke 
police,"  he  says.  "I  think  most  students  in- 
teract with  the  police  when  something  bad 
happens,  but  I  get  to  work  with  them  every 
day.  They  do  a  fantastic  job." 

When  Applebome  is  told  about  the  call 
from  the  alumnus  inquiring  about  safety,  he 
smiles.  "Is  Duke  safe?  We  can  always  do  more, 
but  to  some  extent  there  is  only  so  much 
you  can  do."  ■ 


Listen  to  an  audio  of  students  talking 

about  safety  and  to  a  test  of 

Duke's  new  emergency  warning  system: 

www.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     Nmvmk-i-I  Wmkr  AW 


ARE  SOME  PEOPLE  JUST  BORN  RISK-TAKER:    INDIFFERENT  TO  CHANCE,  OR  IS  THERE  SOMETHING  DEEP  WITHIN 


By  JOHN   PEARSON 

or  a  brief  time  in  January  of 


F2007,  after  saving  a  fellow  pas- 
senger from  an  oncoming  sub- 
way train,  Wesley  Autrey,  a  New 
York  City  construction  worker, 
was  a  national  hero.  "I  had  to 
make  a  split  decision,"  he  told 
The  New  York  Times  the  next 
day.  "I  just  saw  someone  who 
needed  help.  I  did  what  I  felt  was  right." 

Four  months  later,  following  a  whirlwind 
season  of  interviews,  public  receptions,  and 
talk-show  appearances,  his  rise  to  promi- 
nence culminated  in  quintessentially  Ameri- 
can fashion:  as  a  contestant  on  the  hit  NBC 
game  show  Deal  or  No  Deal.  The  show,  which 
features  twenty-five  "spokesmodels"  toting 
twenty-five  money-laden  briefcases  contain- 
ing amounts  ranging  from  one  cent  to  $  1  mil- 
lion, is  essentially  a  glorified  guessing  game: 
Contestants  open  several  cases  each  round, 
removing  the  corresponding  prizes  from  play. 
Go  all  the  way  to  the  last  case  and  win 
what's  inside. 

Along  the  way,  however,  aspiring  million- 
aires must  reject  a  series  of  escalating  buy-out 
offers  from  the  show's  host  (an  eerily  gla- 
brous Howie  Mandel),  a  twist  that  results  in 
much  agonized  hand-wringing  and  tension- 
fraught  commercial  breaks.  The  average  con- 
testant, it  may  be  observed,  stands  to  win 
something  in  the  low  six  figures.  Nearly  all 
eventually  take  a  settlement. 

Autrey,  whose  episode  aired  the  follow- 
ing May,  played  fearlessly,  and  fared  much 
better  than  most.  With  only  three  cases 
remaining— $25,  $10,000,  and  $1  million 
— he  was  offered  a  whopping  $305,000  buy- 
out, a  near-record,  and  only  $33,000  less 
than  the  average  of  the  remaining  prizes.  As 
Mandel  leaned  in  and  whispered  the  show's 
pivotal  phrase,  "Deal ...  or  no  deal,"  Autrey 
glanced  at  family  members  just  offstage 

Fearless  or  foolhardy?:  Games  like  Deal  or  No  Deal 
capitalize  on  the  inherent  impulse  to  take  risks. 

www.dukemaga:  ine.duke.edu 


THE     N  EUROS  :  I 


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before  delivering  his  answer:  "No  deal." 
Turning  toward  the  models,  he  called  for 
case  number  14.  The  amount  inside:  $1  mil- 
lion. A  collective  groan  issued  from  the  au- 
dience. Autrey's  relatives  appeared  visibly 
deflated.  Once  again,  Autrey  was  offered  a 
buy-out — $5,000,  almost  exactly  the  aver- 
age of  the  two  remaining  values — but  again 
declined.  The  last  case  opened,  his  own, 
contained  $25. 

"It  was  the  risk,  you  know?" 
he  said  in  an  interview  after 
the  show,  "just  like  the  chance 
I  took  that  day."  But  was  it? 
Did  the  same  quality  that  al- 
lowed Wesley  Autrey  to  risk 
his  own  life  for  a  stranger's 
make  him  squander  a  lucrative 
sure  thing?  What  possessed  him 
to  take  such  a  reckless  chance, 
one  that  seems  so  very  wrong 
to  the  rest  of  us?  Are  some  peo- 
ple just  born  risk-takers,  indif- 
ferent to  chance,  or  is  there 
something  deep  within  all  of 
us  that  drives  us  to  gamble? 

Those  are  just  the  kinds  of 
questions  that  Scott  Huettel 
is  trying  to  answer.  Huettel 
Ph.D.  '99,  an  associate  profes- 
sor of  psychiatry,  is  co-director 
of  Duke's  Center  for  Neuro- 
economic  Studies,  a  think  tank 
for  researchers  interested  in 
decision-making  and  the  brain. 

"I  think  there  are  actually 
two  types  of  neuroeconomics,"  says  Huettel, 
"and  they  don't  always  coexist  very  easily. 
One  is  trying  to  use  neuroscience  to  under- 
stand particular  types  of  decision-making: 
Can  we  understand  why  people  might 
choose  a  riskier  option  over  a  safer  option? 
Or  why  they  might  choose  to  give  up  some 
of  their  money  to  help  someone  else?  Neu- 
roscientists  are  very  excited  about  this  be- 
cause it  gives  them  a  whole  range  of  inter- 
esting questions. 

"The  other  type  would  be:  Can  we  use 
neuroscience  data  to  alter  economic  policy? 
So  if  we  have  some  theory  about  decision- 
making, or  about  some  type  of  particular 
economic  policy,  can  we  use  neuroscience 
to  better  help  with  that?  And  that  direction 
is  not  always  well  accepted.  There's  more 
resistance  to  whether  neuroscience  data 
can  really  help  change  the  way  economists 
think  at  a  deep  level." 


Neuroeconomics  is  what's  typically  re- 
ferred to  as  an  "emerging"  discipline,  a  term 
that  suggests,  at  least  in  part,  a  certain  lack  of 
unifying  view.  Like  many  cross-disciplinary 
endeavors,  its  boundaries  are  defined  more 
by  individual  researchers  than  any  set  of 
canonical  ideas,  and  so  it  tends  to  incorpo- 
rate a  multiplicity  of  methodologies  and 
aims.  As  a  result,  neuroeconomics  winds  up 
serving  as  a  sort  of  big  tent  for  economists, 


struct  blood  flow  in  the  brain.  This  blood 
flow  is  linked  with  certain  forms  of  brain 
activity,  and  thus  offers  a  noninvasive  method 
of  acquiring  information  about  brain  func- 
tion in  real  time.  Made  famous  by  the  color- 
coded  pictures  used  to  illustrate  popular  sci- 
ence articles,  its  application  is  one  of  the 
fastest-growing  areas  of  brain  research. 

What  interests  Huettel  most  are  the  so- 
cial factors  that  attend  decision-making.  "I 


biologists,  and  other  academics  interested 
in  how  we  make  decisions. 

For  Huettel,  for  instance,  coming  from  a 
background  in  psychology,  the  attraction  of 
working  with  economics  lay  in  its  precision: 
"I  was  previously  studying  basic  executive- 
control  processing,  and  that  was  pretty 
much  like  decision-making,  but  perhaps 
you  can  think  of  it  at  a  simpler,  more  psy- 
chological level.  And  what  really  excited 
me  was  almost  a  methodological  point, 
which  is  that  we  can  really  do  some  very 
controlled,  well-formulated  tasks  using  eco- 
nomics. It  provides  a  level  of  precision  that 
we  didn't  always  have  in  the  psychological 
brand  of  tests." 

Huettel's  lab  specializes  in  the  technology 
known  as  fMRI,  or  functional  magnetic  res- 
onance imaging,  which  involves  combining 
multiple  sequential  images  from  the  well- 
known  tumor-scanning  machines  to  recon- 


think  the  coolest  sorts  of  studies  are  at  the 
intersection  of  social  information  and  eco- 
nomics," he  says.  "Aside  from  [the  fact]  that 
they're  omnipresent,  social  situations  may 
allow  us  to  look  at  systems  in  a  cleaner  way. 
Even  though  it  seems  more  complex,  it  may 
be  that  the  systems  involved  in  decision- 
making evolved  to  deal  with  that  type  of 
information,  not  gambles  presented  in 
terms  of  rewards  and  probabilities. 

"And  what  these  sorts  of  studies  will  sug- 
gest, I  think,  is  that  the  concept  of  econom- 
ic utility,  the  bedrock,  is  probably  not  strict- 
ly the  case.  That  we  didn't  evolve  to  deal  with 
money,  we  evolved  to  deal  with  a  bunch  of 
different  rewards,  and  those  rewards  might 
conceivably  be  in  different  currencies." 

One  day  last  summer,  in  order  to  see  the 
method  in  action,  I  met  up  with  Vinod 
Venkatraman,  a  student  of  Huettel's,  at  a 
waiting  area  near  the  fish  tank  in  the  Duke 


\vw  w.J  uke  magazine,  duke,  eck 


Children's  Hospital.  He  was  there  to  ren- 
dezvous with  a  test  subject,  one  of  several 
dozen  in  the  medical  center's  prescreened 
database,  and  lead  her  back  to  the  secured 
wing  of  the  hospital  where  the  MRI  scan- 
ners are  housed. 

As  instructed,  No.  7  (her  subject  num- 
ber) came  dressed  in  T-shirt  and  sweats — 
nothing  metallic — since  the  principal  com- 
ponent of  any  MRI  scanner  is  a  giant 
doughnut-shaped 
electromagnet,  and 
within  its  field,  even 
the  smallest  shards  of 
metal  become  deadly  projectiles.  In  fact, 
just  to  be  eligible  for  MRI  experiments, 
which  pay  a  minimum  of  $20  per  hour,  sub- 
jects must  undergo  scanning  for  metal 
implants,  a  battery  of  medical  history  ques- 
tions, and  even  a  pregnancy  test. 

The  MRI  scanning  room  in  the  Brain 
Imaging  Analysis  Center  is  reached  via  a 
pair  of  secure-access  double  doors.  A  spa- 
cious waiting  area-cum-control  room,  its 
walls  are  lined  with  desks  laden  with  com- 
puters; a  walk-through  metal  detector  fronts 
the  entrance  to  the  scanner  room  proper. 

Before  No.  7  enters  the  scanner,  Venka- 
traman  gives  her  the  standard  orientation 
spiel:  The  experiment  involves  a  series  of 
lotteries,  each  with  a  mixture  of  prizes  (both  | 
positive  and  negative)  at  varying  probabili-  | 
ties.  After  an  initial  stage  in  which  she  is  i 
required  only  to  think  about  the  gamble,  i 
No.  7  will  subsequently  be  offered  a  pair  of  s 
modifications — something  like  an  enlarge- 
ment of  the  largest  prize  or  a  positive  result 
instead  of  a  no-money  outcome — and  will 
have  to  choose  which  one  she  prefers.  The 
results  of  a  subset  of  these  gambles  will  be 
played  out,  and  the  results  added  to  (or  sub- 
tracted from)  the  base  pay  for  the  study, 
which  represents  her  endowment. 

As  the  study  begins,  Venkatraman  and  I 
watch  together  as  the  gambles  and  No.  7's 
subsequent  choices  appear  onscreen.  Most 
people,  when  presented  with  the  option  of 
modifying  a  gamble,  prefer  a  guarantee  of 
some  gain  to  a  larger  potential  prize,  and  an 
increased  potential  of  breaking  even  to  a 
smaller  worst-case  loss  (though  both  depend 
on  the  amounts  and  probabilities  involved). 
Since  any  decision  involving  risk  implies  at 
least  some  weighing  of  gains  and  losses,  and 
since  the  brain  appears  to  possess  multiple 
(and  interdependent)  systems  for  evaluat- 
ing each,  Venkatraman  and  collaborators 


are  hoping  to  detect  in  the  fMRI  signal 
interaction  between  these  several  reward 
systems.  One  of  the  systems,  for  instance, 
may  be  responsible  for  calculating  what  is 
known  as  expected  value,  the  average  re- 
ward earned  per  gamble;  another,  responsi- 
ble for  loss-aversion,  may  prefer  a  guaran- 
teed return. 

Right  now  it's  not  even  completely  un- 
derstood how  many  such  systems  there  are 


At  <^^^Hnge,  the  eye  of  the  rhesus 
Ano^^H7waiLd  mulatta,  can  appear 
^^^mc^^nnervmyly  human — wide 
with  amazement,  pupil  darting  back 
and  forth — an  illusion  broken  only  by  the 
long  strands  of  fur  drooping  downward  from 
its  brows.  That  image,  courtesy  of  a  laser  eye- 
tracking  system  mounted  above  the  mon- 
key's head,  fills  the  screen  of  a  computer 
monitor  in  a  neural  recording  room  in  the 
Duke  vivarium,  part  of  the  laser- and-mirror 


Scientists  in  the  Platt  lab  are  studying  how  GENETIC 

FACTORS,  specifically  those  that  CONTROL  SENSITIVITY  to  the 
neurotransmitters  dopamine  and  serotonin,  affect  OUR 

WILLINGNESS  TO 
TAKE  RISKS. 


assembly  used  to  track  the  millisecond 
shifting  of  the  animal's  eyes. 

The  monkey  does  not  appear  to  notice. 
Staring  through  the  transparent  glass  of 
his  eyepiece,  attending  to  the  glow  of  a 
giant  computer  monitor,  he  appears 
unaware  that  at  this  same  moment,  in  the 
room  next  door,  his  own  brain  is  a  subject 
of  intense  study,  its  electrical  activity 
traced  out  across  a  computer  monitor. 

These  monkeys,  and  these  rooms,  are 
part  of  the  lab  of  neurobiologist  Michael 
Platt,  Huettel's  co-director  at  CNS  and 
president  of  the  Society  for  Neuroeco- 
nomics.  His  1999  Nature  paper,  which 
showed  that  neurons  in  an  area  of  monkey 
brains  known  as  LIP  encoded  the  expected 
value  of  risky  choices,  became  one  of  the 
founding  documents  of  the  field. 

"What  we  think  of  as  neuroeconomics  is 
still  being  defined,"  Platt  says.  "Initially,  neu- 
roeconomics was  defined  by  the  people  who 
were  associated  with  the  branding  of  the 
discipline,  the  branding  of  the  society,  twelve 
or  fifteen  people  who  met  on  Martha's  Vine- 
yard. This  year,  the  abstracts  are  much  broader 
in  what  they  cover,  in  the  methods  they 
employ.  I  see  neuroeconomics  as  just  a  way 
of  getting  a  handle  on  the  information  that's 
used  during  decision-making." 

For  a  biologist  like  Platt,  the  allure  of 
neuroeconomics  stems  from  a  broader  inter- 
est in  the  underlying  mechanisms  that  al- 


in  the  brain,  or  whether  such  a  partition  is 
even  sensible.  For  the  moment,  the  focus  is  on 
narrowing  down  the  list  of  the  key  players, 
trying  to  understand  which  regions  are  most 
important  for  our  willingness  to  take  risks. 

As  Huettel  puts  it,  "The  basic  reward  sys- 
tems of  the  brain  are  pretty  much  co-opted 
learning  systems.  They  can  become  patho- 
logical in  cases  of  addiction,  in  cases  of  gam- 
bling. There  may  be  components  that  are 
helping  us  evaluate  probability — how  likely 
I  am  to  be  successful  at  a  given  action;  other 
components  that  may  be  pushing  us  away 
from  options  that  have  negative  conse- 
quences. I  think  what  we  have  to  recognize 
is  that  we  evolved  for  very  different  envi- 
ronments than  we  are  in  now.  In  our  evolu- 
tion, we  never  had  to  deal  with  something 
like  winning  a  million  dollars.  There  was 
never  a  situation  where  one  had  to  make 
decisions  about  quantities  that  large." 


DUKE  MAGAZINE      NoYcmk-r-lVember  2008 


35 


low  our  brains  to  choose.  And  the  juncture 
at  which  those  neurohiological  questions 
take  over  from  techniques  like  fMRI  is  at 
the  level  of  the  neurons  themselves,  the 
hundred  billion  or  so  cells  bundled  together 
to  form  the  human  brain.  And  while  tech- 
niques for  studying  the  activity  of  individ- 
ual nerves  have  been  around  for  nearly  a 
century,  such  experiments  generally  require 
direct  access  to  brain  tissue,  narrowing  the 
pool  of  potential  human  subjects. 

Most  of  the  time,  researchers  must  make 
do  with  so-called  "homologues"  of  the  hu- 
man brain,  close  cousins  like  those  of  rhesus 
macaques.  "The  kinds  of  techniques  that 
we're  comfortable  using  in  animals  we  would 
not  be  comfortable  using  in  people,"  Piatt 
explains.  "We're  not  comfortable  sticking 
electrodes    in    people's 

h»d,  bu,  *e  „«.  BUY  SOMETHING?  Whatneural 

roimaging   methods  we 

have  now  are  not  up  to 

giving  us  the  temporal  and  spatial  resolu 

tion  at  the  level  of  a  single  neuron. 


"So  that's  the  number-one  reason  we  use 
animals.  And  we  can  actually  [access]  the 
fundamental  units  of  information-process- 
ing in  the  brain  while  these  animals  are  per- 
forming tasks  that  are  similar,  if  not  identi- 
cal, to  the  ones  we  use  in  humans.  We  can 
tap  into  some  of  the  basic  principles  under- 
lying decision-making." 

These  days  in  the  Piatt  lab,  those  experi- 
mental tasks  are  most  often  tied  to  gam- 
bling behavior  and  the  social  cues  that 
affect  it.  "My  own  bias  is  that  Pm  really 
interested  in  social  decision-making,"  Piatt 
says.  "A  lot  of  it  is  traditional,  straight  neu- 
roeconomics:  What  happens  in  your  brain 


when  you  buy  something?  What  neural  sys- 
tems are  involved  in  mediating  risk,  in 
deciding  what  you're  going  to  do  when 
faced  with  a  gamble?  But  there  are  a  lot 
broader  questions  now,  questions  like, 
What  happens  when  two  people  interact? 
What's  the  role  of  empathy  in  human  be- 
havior? How  much  of  that  is  conscious,  ver- 
sus implicit?  I  think  that  is  really  interest- 
ing, but  that's  also  one  of  the  hardest  things 
we  can  possibly  approach.  And  it's  some- 
thing that's  very  hard  to  study  in  the  labora- 
tory, especially  lying  in  an  MRI  magnet." 

And  so,  on  a  typical  day,  half  a  dozen 
monkeys  are  busy  performing  up  to  ten  sep- 


Image  of  the  brain  showing  regions  typically  involved  in  decision-making:  1)  anterior  cingulate  cortex  (posterior  cingu- 
late,  not  shown,  is  located  directly  behind,  in  the  back  half  of  the  brain);  2)  ventral  striatum;  3)  dorsolateral  prefrontal  cor- 
tex; 4)  anterior  insula,  and  5)  parietal  cortex.  I.  Brain  activity  in  the  ventromedial  prefrontal  cortex  predicts  the  study 
participant  will  make  choices  based  on  potential  wins.  C.  Brain  activity  in  the  anterior  insula  predicts  the  study  participant 
will  make  choices  based  on  avoiding  losses.  D.  Degree  of  brain  activity  in  the  dorsomedial  prefrontal  cortex  predicts  dif- 
ferences in  how  individuals  approach  a  decision-making  task. 


;ns  in  your  brain  when  you 

SYSTEMS  ARE  INVOLVED 
IN  MEDIATING  RISK,  IN  DECIDING  WHAT  YOU'RE  GOING  TO  DO  WHEN 

FACED  WITH  A  GAMBLE?" 


arate  experiments,  their  furtive,  rapid  eye 
movements,  known  as  saccades,  signaling 
choices  paired  with  targets  on  large  com- 
puter monitors.  A  typical  experiment  may 
involve  presenting  the  animal  with  a  pair  of 
colored  dots — one  "safe,"  the  other  "risky" 
— corresponding  to  different  amounts  of  a 
juice  reward  to  be  delivered  through  a  tube 
to  the  monkey's  mouth.  In  many  setups, 
such  as  the  one  currently  overseen  by  Ben 
Hayden,  a  postdoctoral  researcher  in  the 
lab,  these  choices  are  balanced  for  expected 
value:  On  average,  each  yields  the  same 
amount  of  juice,  but,  depending  on  circum- 
stances, the  monkeys  show  a  strong  prefer- 
ence for  one  or  the  other. 

In  fact,  in  a  study  coauthored  by  Piatt  and 
former  graduate  student  Allison  McCoy  '96, 
M.D.  '07,  Ph.D.  '07,  it  was  discovered  that  the 
monkeys  were  actually  "risk-seeking"  when 
rewards  were  small  and  the  wait  between 
gambles  was  short.  In  other  words,  when  play- 
ing many  times  for  small  stakes,  the  mon- 
keys actually  preferred  the  risky  to  the  safe 
option.  On  the  other  hand,  in  more  recent 
work  involving  food  rewards  and  longer  wait- 
ing periods,  Piatt  and  colleagues  have  shown 
that  monkeys,  like  humans  and  other  ani- 
mals, display  risk-aversion,  favoring  the 
guaranteed  payout  of  the  safer  target. 


.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


Look  into  my  eyes:  By 
tracking  eye  movement 
and  electrical  activity  in 
rhesus  monkey  brains, 
researcher  Piatt  can 
observe  how  information 
is  processed. 


•th^H,1  I  toured  the  lab,  Hayden 
Ik  r^Hnext  door  to  the  recording 
om^Hour-by-eight  closet  jammed 
with  electronic  equipment.  Several  of  the 
displays,  like  the  closed-circuit  monitor,  al- 
low researchers  to  watch  the  monkeys  as  they 
perform  the  task.  The  rest,  including  a  large 
central  screen,  track  signals  from  the  record- 
ing electrode,  a  tiny,  200-micrometer-thick 
wire  implanted  into  the  monkey's  brain. 

As  the  experimenters  inch  this  electrode 
through  the  tissue,  hunting  for  cells,  the 
data  stream  in  in  the  form  of  characteristic 
neural  "spikes"  of  electrical  activity,  the 
language  of  active  neurons.  Fed  into  an  am- 
plifier and  played  over  speakers,  a  healthy 
cell  makes  a  sound  like  the  crinkling  of 
Saran  wrap,  a  dying  cell,  like  the  squeal  of  a 
deflating  balloon.  Hayden  tells  me  the  prac- 
ticed ear  can  hear  the  difference  between 
white  and  gray  matter,  layers  III  and  IV  of 
cortex,  cells  firing,  cells  dying — all  within 
what,  to  the  unitiated,  sounds  like  pure 
white  noise. 

Later,  when  the  data  are  sorted,  they  will 
be  analyzed  with  a  view  to  variations  in  each 
recorded  cell's  spiking  frequency,  the  inter- 
nal representation  of  the  monkey's  deci- 
sion-making process.  In  Hayden's  experi- 
ment, these  data  come  from  a  region  in  the 
brain  called  the  posterior  cingulate  cortex, 
the  rear  portion  of  a  band  of  tissue  that  ar- 
ches from  the  back  to  the  front  of  the  brain. 
The  goal  of  his  experiment  is  to  determine 
whether  the  posterior  cingulate,  one  of  the 
brain's  enduringly  enigmatic  regions,  may 


encode  notions  of  salience,  the  degree  to 
which  novel  or  surprising  outcomes  stick 
out  in  our  minds. 

In  the  case  of  a  gambler,  or  a  monkey,  this 
may  explain  why  risk  is  so  alluring:  The 
memory  of  the  jackpot  remains  so  piquant 
that  our  calculations  of  overall  risk  become 
skewed.  If  our  brains  recall  the  bells  and 
whistles  of  the  wins  more  easily  than  the 
frustration  of  the  losses,  we  may  gamble 
more  readily — and  at  a  greater  disadvan- 
tage. On  the  other  hand,  when  gambles  are 
infrequent  (and  thus  the  losses  more  acute), 
we  (and  monkeys)  begin  giving  greater 
weight  to  risk,  opting  for  safety  over  larger, 
rarer  scores. 

In  recent  experiments,  Hayden  has  selec- 
tively stimulated  and  inactivated  neurons, 
examining  their  effect  on  risk  behavior.  On 
an  even  more  microscopic  level,  others  in 
the  Piatt  lab  are  now  studying  how  genetic 
factors,  specifically  those  that  control  sensi- 
tivity to  the  neuromodulators  dopamine 
and  serotonin,  affect  our  willingness  to  take 
risks.  If  Parkinson's  patients,  whose  medi- 
cines are  designed  to  remedy  low  dopamine 
levels  in  their  brains,  are  anecdotally  more 
susceptible  to  gambling  addiction,  might 
the  genetic  factors  that  regulate  our  chemi- 
cal balances  wind  up  with  a  significant  role 
in  how  we  play  the  odds? 

Piatt  certainly  believes  so.  In  fact,  as  he 
reflects  upon  the  future  of  neuroeconomics, 
he  is  increasingly  skeptical  of  the  notion 
that  human  decision-making  will  be  reduc- 
ible to  a  few  key  mathematical  variables.  "A 


lot  of  the  assumptions  that  economists 
make  are  not  that  valid  for  the  decisions  we 
face  every  day,"  he  says.  "It's  going  to  turn 
out  to  be  a  very  complicated  picture. 

"We  now  appreciate  that  there's  a  lot  more 
variation  within  each  population  and  also 
between  species;  it's  highly  context-depend- 
ent; depends  a  lot  on  attention;  depends  on 
neuromodulatory  factors,  a  lot  of  which 
you're  born  with,  some  of  which  depend  on 
your  current  environment.  I  think  we're  pro- 
viding a  richer  picture  of  what's  going  on." 

And  what  about  Wesley  Autrey?  Was  he  a 
savvy  value-maximizer  or  an  impulse-driv- 
en gambler?  Did  he  succumb  to  audience 
expectations  or  an  overactive  reward  sys- 
tem, perhaps  a  high  serotonin  susceptibility 
coded  in  his  genes?  Possibly  none  of  these 
things.  Possibly  all  of  them. 

From  the  standpoint  of  neuroscience,  it's 
simply  too  soon  to  tell.  With  humans,  who 
have  the  power  to  consider,  reconsider,  and 
ovenide  their  impulses,  there  is  always  a  com- 
plex interplay  between  the  future  and  the 
present,  our  rational  approach  to  the  long 
run  and  our  suspicion  that  the  long  run  will 
never  even  out.  The  conundrum  of  chance, 
exacerbated  by  our  own  imaginations. 

At  least  the  monkeys  never  had  to  deal 
with  that.  As  Autrey  confided  to  a  televi- 
sion interviewer  after  the  show,  "This  was 
just  as  scary,  if  not  more,  than  when  I  was 
underneath  that  train."  ■ 

Pearson  is  a  post'doctoral  researcher  in  the 
department  of  nemobiology  at  Duke. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE      November- December  2008 


^^ 


- 


i?> 


Doundary-p 
3  celebratio 


BY  ROBERT  J.  BLIWISE 


BLOOMSBURJ 

BLOSSOMS        AGAIN 


It's  class  time  on  a  characteristically  hot 
afternoon  in  early  September,  and  Crau- 
furd  Goodwin,  now  in  his  forty-sixth 
year  on  the  Duke  faculty,  is  musing 
about  themes  that,  to  most  of  his  economist 
colleagues,  would  seem  uncharacteristically 
eclectic.  He  tells  his  students  that  history 
and  sociology  reveal  certain  qualities  in  cre- 
ative communities.  A  creative  community 
needs  a  founding  document.  It  needs  a  light- 
ning-rod personality.  And  it  needs  to  coa- 
lesce around  an  event  that's  a  little  rebel- 
lious, a  little  dangerous. 

For  Goodwin  Ph.D.  '58,  James  B.  Duke 
Professor  of  economics,  that  offbeat  interest 
is  both  personal  and  professional.  As  a 
scholar,  a  teacher,  and  a  collector  of  art,  he's 
become  drawn  more  and  more  into  the  par- 
ticular creative  community  of  the  Blooms- 
bury  Group,  an  informal  association  of 
friends  in  post- Victorian  Britain.  A  half- 
century  ago,  one  of  his  faculty  forebears 
made  a  similar  scholarly  shift  to  Blooms- 
bury.  That  was  longtime  Duke  English  pro- 
fessor Charles  Richard  Sanders — Good- 
win's father-in-law. 

Cutting  across  creative  fields,  the  Blooms- 
bury  Group  included  Virginia  Woolf  and 
E.M.  Forster  in  literature;  John  Maynard 
Keynes  in  economics;  Leonard  Woolf,  Vir- 
ginia's husband,  in  political  science;  G.E. 
Moore,  whose  Principia  Ethica  mocked  the 
idea  of  humans  as  rational  calculating  ma- 
e  chines  and  gave  the  group  its  founding  doc- 
|  ument,  in  philosophy;  and  Clive  Bell,  in  art 
s  criticism.  A  remarkably  outlandish  person- 


ality in  a  circle  of  outlandish  personalities, 
Bell  never  even  earned  a  high-school  diplo- 
ma, was  a  serial  seducer  of  women,  and  filled 
the  role,  as  Goodwin  sees  him,  as  the  group's 
lightning  rod  of  criticism  and  controversy. 

Geographically,  the  group's  members  were 
clustered  in  the  London  district  of  Blooms- 
bury,  in  the  ever-widening  shadow  of  the 
British  Museum,  that  signature  of  civiliza- 
tion. Philosophically,  they  valued  personal 
relations,  aesthetic  appreciation,  and  social 
morality — a  stance  that  led  many  of  them 
to  conscientious  objection  in  World  War  I. 
The  British  Empire  was  fraying  around  the 
edges,  while  British  society  at  its  core  of- 
fered a  wide  embrace  to  utilitarian  think- 
ing, along  with  minimal  regard  for  aesthetic 
innovation. 

There  were  several  artists  in  the  group, 
including  Vanessa  Bell,  Dora  Carrington, 
and  Duncan  Grant.  Then  there  was  Roger 
Fry,  an  art  historian  and  organizer  of  the 
two  Post-Impressionist  art  exhibitions  in 
London,  in  1 9 1 0  and  1912,  that  in-  ^^— 
troduced  Cezanne,  Matisse,  Van 
Gogh,  Picasso,  and  other  "rad- 
ical" painters  to  the  Eng- 
lish-speaking world.  It  was 
the  signal  of  aesthetic  re- 
belliousness that  became 
a  rallying  point  for  the 
group.  As  chief  curator  at 
the  Metropolitan  Museum 
of  Art  in  New  York,  Fry 
worked  closely  with  business 
tycoon  J. P.  Morgan,  the  trustee 


|  Garden  art:  Nancy  and  Craufurd 
s  Goodwin  at  their  Hillsborough 
I  estate,  with  art  by  Duncan  Grant 
|  from  their  personal  collection, 
|  including  Madonna  and  Child, 
I  Design  for  a  Firescreen,  and 
s       Psyche  with  Water  from  the 
River  Styx,  opposite; 
Tabletop  design  by 
Vanessa  Bell, 
1930s. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE      November-December  2008 


chairman.  Fry  accompanied  Morgan  as  an 
adviser  on  an  art-purchasing  trip  to  Europe; 
it  ended  badly  as  they  disputed  whether  the 
art  should  find  a  home  at  the  museum  or  in 
Morgan's  personal  library. 

It  they  embraced  Fry's  high-minded  aes- 
thetic theory,  the  Bloomsburys,  as  Goodwin 
calls  them,  had  as  well  a  hard-headed,  en- 
trepreneurial dimension.  They  set  up  the 
Omega  Workshops,  allowing  them  to  pro- 
duce and  sell  their  own  paintings,  drawings, 
ceramics,  furniture,  and  textiles.  All  of 
those  works  carried  the  collective  "Omega" 
stamp  rather  than  being  individually 
signed.  They  also  operated  the  Hogarth 
Press,  founded  by  Virginia  and  Leonard 
Woolf  as  a  repudiation  of  traditional  pub- 
lishing standards.  Hogarth  published  some 
of  the  earliest  works  on  psychoanalysis 
along  with  works  by  the  Woolfs. 

Bloomsbury  is  the  basis  for  a  winter  exhi- 
bition at  the  Nasher  Museum  of  Art,  ac- 
companied by  a  year's  worth  of  programs — 
including  what  Goodwin  believes  to  be  the 
most  important  gathering  on  Bloomsbury  in 
the  U.S.  Scholars  of  Bloomsbury  will  ex- 
plore Bloomsbury  and  Keynesian  econom- 
ics, gender  and  sexuality,  notions  of  empire, 
and  circles  of  creativity.  Other  parts  of  the 
program  will  offer  a  theater  production,  a 
film  series,  and  an  online  book  chat.  Good- 
win is  one  of  the  key  organizers.  With  his 
wife,  Nancy  Sanders  Goodwin  '58,  he  is  al- 
so the  lead  lender  of  art  to  the  exhibition. 

The  Bloomsbury  artists  would  often  paint 


Angus  Davidson  Sleeping  by  Duncan  Grant,  1923. 

together,  says  Nancy  Green,  the  organizing 
„  curator,  who  is  based  at  the  Herbert  F.  John- 
|  son  Museum  of  Art  at  Cornell  University. 
|  (The  exhibition  travels  to  Cornell  after 
I  Duke.)  "They  would  set  up  a  still  life  or  they 
|  would  set  up  a  model,  and  they  would  all  sit 
"*  together  and  paint  the  same  theme.  And  you 
get  completely  different  interpretations." 

The  Bloomsburys  didn't  just  explore  their 
subjects  with  fierce  originality;  they  also 
experimented  across  artistic  media.  "They 
painted  everything,"  Green  says.  "Nothing 
was  sacred.  I  mean,  they  would  buy  furni- 
ture and  paint  it.  They  would  paint  the  walls, 
paint  the  ceiling — everything  was  a  poten- 
tial work  of  art.  It  was  almost  an  obsession 
about  living  with  art  and  about  enjoying 
art.  And  they  didn't  just  paint;  they  didn't 

When  offered  the  possibility 
of  doing  the  responsible 
thing,  the  Bloomsburys 
typically  chose  the  out- 
rageous thing, 
in  their  personal 
affairs  as  well 
as  in  their 


iMrpjtfgrgjgg 


just  make  pottery.  They  tried  everything, 
and  if  they  didn't  know  how  to  do  it,  they 
taught  themselves  to  do  it.  They  worked  on 
books  in  conjunction  with  writers,  and  the 
designs  they  came  up  with  were  revolution- 
ary. They  were  creative  in  every  aspect  of 
their  lives." 

One  of  the  early  American  enthusiasts 
for  the  art  was  Sanders,  who  was  recruited 
in  1937  to  supervise  freshman  instruction  in 
the  English  department  and  taught  at  Duke 
for  almost  forty-five  years.  A  specialist  in 
nineteenth-century  British  literature,  he 
would  go  on  to  write  articles  on  "Coleridge 
as  a  Champion  of  Liberty"  and,  in  the  thick 
of  World  War  II,  "Freshman  English  for  War 
and  Peace."  Toward  the  end  of  his  career,  he 
helped  launch  a  monumental  edition  of  the 
correspondence  of  Scottish  essayist,  satirist, 
and  historian  Thomas  Carlyle. 

In  the  war  years,  Sanders  embarked  on  a 
scholarly  diversion.  It  would  lead  him  to 
plunge  into  the  curious  currents  of  the 
Bloomsbury  Group. 

His  focus  was  the  Strachey  family,  which 
produced  two  Bloomsburys:  Lytton,  a  biog- 
rapher and  the  oldest  member  of  the  group, 
and  his  younger  brother  James,  who  trans- 
lated Sigmund  Freud's  writings  into  En- 
glish. Echoing  a  common  refrain  of 
the  Bloomsburys,  Sanders  saw  bi- 
I  ography  as  broadly  revealing  of 
humanity.  Beyond  that,  there 
was  an  undeniable  attraction,  as 
he  put  it  in  The  Strachey  Fam- 
ily, to  "talented  or  eccentric 
individuals,"  to  the  "pictur- 
esque and  influential  groups" 
in  which  they  gathered,  and  to 
the  peculiar  episodes  that  they 
were  immersed  in,  like  the  mon- 


Duncan  Grant 

byAlvin  Langdon  Coburn. 


Portrait  of  Lytton  Strachey 
by  Roger  Fry. 


Study  for  portrait  of 
Leonard  Woolf  by  Vanessa  Bell 


Vanessa  Bell  and  Duncan  Grant 
arranging  a  still  life. 


www. dukemagazine.duke.edu 


ument  erected  in  India  at  the  death  of  a 
family  member's  (and  colonial  administra- 
tor's) favorite  dog,  Glancer. 

Sanders  was  notably  impressed  with  what 
he  saw  as  the  deeply  humanist  strain  in 
Lytton  Strachey  and  his  circle.  "He  and  his 
friends  at  Cambridge  consciously  sought  for 


what  was  truly  important,  which,  for  them, 
meant  what  was  truly  interesting,"  he  wrote. 
"So  far  as  they  could,  they  excluded  the 
rest.  Significantly,  intensity  and  passion  are 
two  of  Strachey's  favorite  words.  The  ob' 
jects  to  be  chosen — the  objects  of  highest 
value — were  always  those  which  possessed 


Self-portrait  by  Vanessa  Bell,  circa  1915. 


the  power  to  intensify  and  impassion  the 
mind  and  emotions." 

Fueled  by  his  own  scholarly  passion,  San- 
ders made  research  trips  around  Britain.  As 
described  by  Christopher  Reed,  an  expert 
on  Bloomsbury  based  at  Pennsylvania  State 
University,  those  trips  had  Sanders  tracking 
down  various  Stracheys  and  their  friends, 
including  painter  Duncan  Grant,  a  Strachey 
cousin.  The  two  traveled  together  to  Grant's 
birthplace  in  the  Scottish  highlands.  San- 
ders purchased  from  Grant  thirteen  works 
of  art  by  both  Grant  and  Vanessa  Bell, 
among  them  sketches  of  Strachey  and  John 
Maynard  Keynes.  And  Grant  inscribed  to 
Sanders  a  drawing  of  Thomas  Carlyle  based 
on  a  photograph  by  the  pioneering  Vic- 
torian photographer  Julia  Margaret  Cam- 
eron, who  was  Vanessa  Bell's  and  Virginia 
Woolf's  great-aunt. 

In  the  exhibition  catalogue,  Reed  notes 
that  the  Duke  English  professor's  profes- 
sional engagement  with  Lytton  Strachey 
and  the  history  of  British  letters  "exemplifies 
how  Americans  approached  Bloomsbury 
through  the  group's  writers."  In  contrast  to 
American  familiarity  with  Bloomsbury  texts, 
he  adds,  Bloomsbury  art  remained  almost 
unknown  in  North  America  for  most  of  the 
twentieth  century. 

Sanders  would  help  change  that.  In  1965, 
his  daughter  Nancy  Sanders  married  Crau- 
furd  Goodwin,  then  a  young  economics 
professor  at  Duke.  They  had  met  on  a  blind 
date.  Sanders  arranged  for  Grant  to  sell  the 
young  couple  Vanessa  Bell's  1934  A  Garden 
Walk,  a  painting  of  Charleston,  the  country 
meeting  place  for  the  Bloomsbury  Group,  in 
Sussex,  England.  Bell  and  Duncan  Grant 
had  moved  there  in  1916,  and  they  filled  it 
with  murals,  painted  furniture,  paintings, 
and  textiles.  The  Goodwins  now  have  two 


Roger  Fry  by 

Alvin  Landon  Coburn. 


Maynard  Keynes,  Lytton  Strachey,  and  others  by 
Dora  Carrington. 


Virginia  Woolf  by 
George  Charles  Beresford. 


Clive  Bell,  1910. 


Portrait  of  Maynard  Keynes 
by  Duncan  Grant. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     Nowinlx-r-lWrnlvr  200S 


of  Bell's  three  paintings  of  the  house.  The 
third  is  on  display  in  Charleston. 

Nancy  Goodwin  notes  that  A  Garden  Walk 
points  to  the  Bloomsburys'  shared  interest 
in  gardening.  The  garden  at  Charleston  was 
designed  specifically  as  a  painting  site  by 
Roger  Fry;  John  Maynard  Keynes  would 
carefully  weed  the  path  up  to  the  house, 
one  plant  at  a  time.  In  1977,  the  Goodwins 
acquired  Montrose,  a  sixty-acre  historical 
property  in  Hillsborough,  which  is  now  one 
of  the  most  famous  gardens  in  the  U.S. 

Craufurd  and  Nancy  Goodwin  have  built 
up  the  most  extensive  collection  of  Blooms- 
bury  art  in  North  America.  Some  of  it  has  a 
quirky  quality,  such  as  the  carpeting,  fabrics, 
and  paintings  commissioned  for  the  interior 
of  the  Queen  Mary,  launched  in  1935  by  the 
Cunard  White  Star  line  in  an  effort  to  re- 
bound from  the  Titanic  disaster.  On  a  pre- 
view tour,  the  wife  of  Cunard's  chief  execu- 
tive was  horrified  by  the  modernist  leanings 
of  the  decorations.  So  they  were  pulled  down. 

Some  of  them  were  acquired  by  Sir  Ken- 
neth Clark,  the  creative  force  behind  the 
book  and  public-broadcasting  series  Civil- 
isation,  for  display  in  his  castle  in  Kent.  The 
star  of  the  decorative  series,  the  largest  com- 
position ever  done  by  Duncan  Grant — twen- 
ty-six by  fifteen  feet — portrayed  a  Spanish 
peasant  festival.  After  Clark's  death,  his  heirs 
divided  the  composition  into  pieces  that 
were  more  or  less  freestanding.  The  Good- 
wins bought  the  biggest  piece,  showing  a 
cymbal  player. 

Tony  Bradshaw,  the  Goodwins'  London- 
based  art  dealer,  who  developed  an  interest 
in  art  after  giving  up  a  career  as  a  stockbro- 
ker, says,  "They  don't  buy  everything  put  in 
front  of  them.  They  are  discerning.  And  in 
following  their  inclinations,  they  have  no 
interest  whatsoever  in  the  investment  as- 
pect of  the  art.  They  believe  art  is  some- 
thing to  treasure  and  enjoy  on  one's  walls, 
not  something  to  think  of  in  terms  of  what 
you  put  in  the  bank." 

Bradshaw  has  sold  Bloomsbury  art  to  pur- 
chasers around  the  world,  but  the  majority 
of  the  paintings  have  gone  to  the  U.S.,  he 
says.  The  reason,  he  speculates,  is  that  the 
Bloomsburys — particularly  Virginia  Woolf  as 
an  early  icon  of  feminism — are  taught  more 
widely  in  the  U.S.  than  anywhere  else, 
including  Britain. 

But  art  critics  have  not  been  kind  to 
Bloomsbury  art.  A  1999  exhibition  at  the 
Tate  Gallery  in  London  garnered  this  from 
The  Independent:  "I  doubt  whether  the  Tate 
has  ever  before  presented  such  a  large  con- 


A  lot  of  Bloomsbury  art  has  gone 

to  the  U.S.  According  to  an  art  dealer, 

that  reflects  Virginia  Woolf's 

iconic  status  in  the  American  academy. 


centration  of  dud  art."  Dud  art  or  not,  the 
exhibition  drew  huge  crowds.  Hilton  Kramer 
didn't  have  a  much  more  positive  assess- 
ment when,  writing  in  The  New  York  Ob- 
server, he  reviewed  the  Bloomsbury  show  at 
the  Yale  Center  for  British  Art  the  follow- 
ing year.  He  called  it  "a  museological  oddi- 
ty" designed  not  to  recognize  an  aesthetic 
vision  but  rather  "to  celebrate  the  lifestyle 
— which  in  this  case  also  means  the  snob- 
beries and  vanities — of  the  Bloomsbury 
Group's  leading  personalities."  He  added, 
"Whatever  its  other  achievement  may  have 
been,  the  Bloomsbury  Group  failed  to  pro- 
duce a  single  first-rate  painter." 


dismissed  just  as  the 
Bloomsburys  them- 
selves were  dismissed. 

In  more  recent  years,  ^B 
with  the  publication  of 
correspondence  and  biog- 
raphies, they,  and  their  art,  have  become 
more  popular.  (This  fall,  yet  another  Blooms- 
bury study  was  published,  Mrs.  Woolf  and  the 

Summer,  design  by  Duncan  Grant,  etched  glass  man- 
ufactured by  Corning  Glass  Works,  circa  1940,  above; 
The  Blue  Bowl  by  Roger  Fry,  circa  1918,  below; 
Design  for  embroidered  mirror  surround  by  Vanessa 
Bell,  circa  1928,  opposite. 


Goodwin  says  those  aesthetic  assessments 
reflect  the  "remarkable  cycles"  in  public  af- 
fection— or  lack  thereof — that  have  accom- 
panied the  group.  In  the  1920s,  Bloomsbury 
art  was  the  most  fashionable  art  in  Britain; 
Duncan  Grant  in  particular  was  in  huge 
demand.  In  the  aftermath  of  World  War  II, 
they  were  seen  as  having  challenged  and 
diminished  the  moral  fiber  of  British  citi- 
zenry, and  as  having  challenged  the  long- 
standing verities  of  British  lite.  Their  art  was 


Servants:  An  Intimate  History  of  Domestic  Life 
in  Bloomsbury.) 

Goodwin  also  disputes  the  conventional 
reading  of  the  group  as  self-absorbed  and 
elitist.  He  says  the  group  members  believed 
that  "an  informed,  well-educated  middle 
class  was  the  only  hope  for  society."  Virginia 
Woolf,  for  one,  identified  with  working- 
women's  causes  and  wrote  expressly  for  the 
common  reader.  In  her  essay  "Memories  of 
Working  Women,"  she  wrote  admiringly  of 


42 


www.dukemasazine.duke.edu 


When  the  Bloomsbury  Group 
first  began  gathering,  main- 
stream society  considered  its 
members  outsiders — contro- 
radical,  and  morally 
suspect.  Yet,  nearly  a  century 
later,  a  series  of  events  at  Duke 

;lebrate  and  examine 
the  group,  its  individual 
and  their  contributions 
today's  society.  The  year 
schedule,  which  started  in 
mid-September,  presents  the 
following  programs  for  winter 
and  spring: 


November  19 

discussion  of  E.M.  Forster's  novel  Howards  End. 
Led  by  vice  provost  Judith  Ruderman  A.M.  76 
and  WUNC  Radio's  Frank  Stasio.  Sponsored  by 
the  Duke  Alumni  Association  (DAA). 


December  15:"'  HOW  full  Of  life 

those  days  seemed':  Hew  Approaches  to  Art, 
Literature,  Sexuality,  and  Society  In  Blooms- 
bury,"  exhibition  of  books,  manuscripts,  and 
other  materials  opens  in  Perkins  Gallery, 
Perkins  Library.  Through  May  2009. 


February  11:  "John  Haynard  Keynes  of 
Bloomsbury"  discussion  to  explore  the  place 
of  the  economist  within  Bloomsbury  and 
offer  an  assessment  of  his  legacy.  The  Nancy 
A.  Nasher  and  David  J.  Haemisegger  Family 
Lecture  Hall,  Nasher.  6:00  p.m. 

February  27-28:  "Duke in  Depth: 
Bloomsbury  Vision  8  Design"  weekend  pro- 
gram, which  will  include  a  staged  reading  of 
the  Strachey-Carrington  letters,  panel  discus- 
sions, a  private  viewing  of  the  Nasher  exhibi- 
tion, and  more.  Registration  required. 
Sponsored  by  the  DAA. 


m 


women  who,  even  as  they  recognized  "their 
own  long  hours  and  little  pay,"  spread 
awareness  of  "the  conditions  of  work  in  the 
country  at  large." 

In  the  mid-1990s,  Goodwin  wasn't  yet 
avidly  collecting  Bloomsbury  art  or  reading 
Bloomsbury  literature  when,  as  chair  of  the 
Duke  economics  department,  he  found  it 
was  his  turn  to  teach  the  first-year  seminar 
in  economics.  Almost  spontaneously,  he  says, 
he  landed  on  Bloomsbury  as  a  seminar  theme. 


He's  continued  to  offer  the  seminar,  now 
called  "Economics  in  the  Bloomsbury  Group." 
Students  read,  in  addition  to  short  essays, 
Forster's  Howards  End,  Virginia  Woolf's  Mrs. 
Dalloway,  and  Keynes'  General  Theory  of 
Employment,  Interest,  and  Money.  For  many 
of  them,  Goodwin  says,  this  is  their  first 
curricular  exposure  to  the  arts.  "So  they're 
forced  to  read  literature  and  look  at  paint- 
ings. And  maybe  they'll  start  to  think  about 
what  matters  in  life." 


Naturally,  they  also  think  about  some  of 
the  more  peculiar  dynamics  of  Bloomsbury. 
Just  before  class  starts,  one  student  remarks, 
"The  first  thing  I  found  out  about  Blooms- 
bury is  that  they  were  all  sexual  deviants." 
Goodwin  later  acknowledges  that  "there 
were  lots  of  strange  goings-on." 

When  offered  the  possibility  of  doing  the 
responsible  thing,  Goodwin  says,  the 
Bloomsburys  typically  chose  the  outrageous 
thing,  in  their  personal  affairs  as  well  as  in 
their  work.  In  previewing  the  Tate  exhibi- 
tion in  1999,  Britain's  Guardian  noted  that 
Virginia  Woolf  was  "married  to  Leonard 
Woolf,  and  most  famously  lover  of  Vita 
Sackville  West."  Vanessa  Bell,  her  older  sis- 
ter, was  married  to  artist  Clive  Bell  and 
"had  many  affairs  with  other  artists."  Lytton 
Stratchey  "lived  with  the  painter  Dora  Car- 
rington,  who  loved  him,  and  her  husband, 
Ralph  Partridge,  whom  he  loved." 

One  love  shared  by  the  Bloomsburys  was 
biography.  Keynes'  book  on  the  aftermath 
of  World  War  I,  The  Economic  Consequences 
of  the  Peace,  was,  oddly  for  an  economist, 
largely  an  intellectual  biography  of  the 
political  leaders  Georges  Clemenceau,  David 
Lloyd  George,  and  Woodrow  Wilson.  Lyt- 
ton Strachey's  Eminent  Victorians,  published 
in  1918,  looked  at  four  enduring  elements 
of  British  life — the  church,  the  military,  the 
independent  schools,  and  women  in  socie- 
ty— through  the  stories  of  four  individuals. 

"The  reason  they  were  so  intrigued  with 
biography  is  that  they  found  the  explana- 
tions for  human  behavior  that  were  present 
in  the  social  sciences  of  the  day  unpersua- 
sive,"  Goodwin  says.  "You'll  find  that 
throughout  their  literature,  particularly  in 
Keynes,  but  also  in  Virginia  Woolf  and  For- 
ster,  a  condemnation  of  Jeremy  Bentham's 
utilitarianism. 

"They  went  to  psychology,  which  was  just 
emerging.  But  they  were  not,  on  the  whole, 
satisfied  with  what  they  found  in  psycholo- 
gy at  the  time,  certainly  not  for  themes  that 
preoccupied  them,  such  as  conflict  in  the 
world  or  the  nature  of  the  arts.  And  so,  they 
said,  we'll  learn  about  human  nature  from 
biography.  In  Virginia's  letters  you'll  find  an 
eloquent  statement:  'We  must  look  to  the 
lives  of  those  in  the  past  to  understand  the 
future.'  " 

The  Bloomsburys  were  also  drawn  to  the 
arts,  Goodwin  says,  as  emblems  of  truth, 
beauty,  love,  and  friendship — values  that 
stood  for  "civilization."  That  attraction  was 
entwined  with  a  deep  distrust  of  strong  na- 
tional governments,  a  sentiment  deepened 


PUKE  MAGAZINE      November-December  200>S 


43 


by  the  devastation  of  Wotld  Wat  I.  In  his 
essay  "What  I  Believe,"  published  just  be- 
fore World  War  II,  E.M.  Forster  wrote  that 
human  relations  should  trump  patriotic  ties: 
"If  I  had  to  choose  between  betraying  my 
country  and  betraying  my  friend  I  hope  I 
should  have  the  guts  to  betray  my  country." 
It's  a  stirring  line  in  its  fervor  about  friend- 
ship. It's  also  a  fraught  line,  Goodwin  notes, 
and  it  became  especially  so  in  the  era  of  the 
Cold  War  with  the  attendant  accusations  of 
disloyalty. 

As  a  center  of  creative  ferment,  Blooms- 
bury  was  in  some  ways  a  model  for  a  univer- 
sity community.  Economists  "like  to  think 
of  Keynes  as  the  Fellow  of  Kings  College, 
Cambridge,  and  editor  of  an  economics  jour- 
nal," says  Goodwin.  "And  they  forget  that  he 
was,  in  fact,  devoted  to  this  group  of  friends, 
that  he  was  very  active  in  the  administra- 
tion of  the  arts  in  Britain.  I  think  that  makes 
him  a  much  more  meaningful  figure." 

Goodwin  says  the  Bloomsburys  had  par- 
ticular scorn  for  the  universities  of  their  day, 
which  they  considered  hidebound.  (Many 
in  the  group  were  products  of  Cambridge 
University.)  When  Roger  Fry  was  asked  what 
he  thought  of  the  then-reigning  professor  of 
art  history  at  Cambridge,  he  mused,  "The 
most  intelligent  thing  he's  ever  said  is, 


'Next  slide,  please.'  "  In  her  polemical  Three 
Guineas,  Virginia  Woolf  writes  dismissively 
of  the  university  as  a  cog  in  the  war  ma- 
chine. "No  guinea  should  go  to  rebuilding 
the  college,"  she  declares,  adding  that  a  com- 
bustible combination  of  "rags,  petrol,  and 
matches"  would  helpfully  serve  to  "burn  the 
college  to  the  ground." 

In  today's  terms,  the  Bloomsburys  would 
be  considered  interdisciplinary  thinkers, 
according  to  Goodwin.  "What  the  Blooms- 
burys discovered  was  that  there  really  could 
be  contributions  made  from  a  novelist  to  an 
economist  or  to  a  psychologist.  All  sorts  of 
connections  emerged,  which  are  often  quite 
subtle.  1  think,  for  example,  that  Keynes' 
understanding  of  human  nature,  which  is 
really  a  very  complicated  understanding, 
grew  out  of  his  contacts  with  the  novelists 
and  psychologists — contacts  that  the  typi- 
cal modern  economists  don't  have." 

For  the  Bloomsburys,  the  flow  of  ideas 
worked  in  all  directions.  Goodwin  singles 
out  Forster's  1910  novel,  Howards  End,  for 
raising  a  long  list  of  questions  about  the 
causes  and  consequences  of  poverty,  the  sig- 
nificance of  class  distinctions,  unemploy- 
ment and  its  effects,  charity  and  philan- 
thropy, degradation  of  the  environment  and 
urban  sprawl,  neglect  of  local  history  and 
traditions,  relegation  of  men  and  women  to 
fixed  social  roles,  empire,  militarism,  nation- 
alism, and  the  search  for  "civilization."  (With 
symbolic  power,  a  bookcase  falls  on  the 
head  of  a  civilization-seeking  protagonist.) 

Like  the  other  Bloomsburys,  Keynes  was 
convinced  that  human  progress  involved 
much  more  than  economic  growth.  Human 
potential,  then,  would  be  realized  not  in 
economic  relationships  but  through  the 


Clockwise  from  left,  ink  drawing  from  Duncan  Grant's 
sketchbook,  circa  1902;  Monday  or  Tuesday,  woodcut  by 
Vanessa  Bell,  1921;  cover  of  The  Years  by  Virginia  Woolf, 
design  by  Vanessa  Bell,  1937. 


arts,  literature,  and  science.  So  Keynes'  essay 
"Economic  Possibilities  for  Our  Grand- 
children," published  a  year  after  the  stock- 
market  crash  of  1929,  envisioned  an  age  in 
which  technological  improvement  and  cap- 
ital accumulation  would  allow  human  be- 
ings to  pursue  projects  of  "greater  and  more 
permanent  significance"  than  the  pursuit  of 
wealth,  meaning  the  life  of  the  mind. 

Goodwin  finds  common  cause  with  the 
Bloomsburys — the  faith  in  friendship,  the 
commitment  to  social  reform,  the  eagerness 
to  take  on  intellectual  risks.  Weeks  before 
parts  of  his  collection  are  due  to  be  taken 
down  for  the  Nasher  exhibition,  he  pauses 
before  one  of  his  favorite  works.  It's  Vanessa 
Bell's  The  Expulsion  from  the  Garden,  from 
1952,  a  gloomy,  gauzy,  emotionally  charged 
copy  of  a  composition  by  the  early  Renais- 
sance master  Masaccio. 

The  Bell  watercolor  is  reproduced  in  an 
essay  by  Goodwin,  "Economic  Man  in  the 
Garden  of  Eden."  He  writes  that  the  Blooms- 
burys were  fixated  on  what  they  took  to  be 
the  stories,  whether  biblical  accounts  or 
ancient  Greek  myths,  that  served  as  instru- 
ments of  social  control.  Those  stories,  they 
believed,  prevented  Britain  from  fully  join- 
ing civilization;  they  caused  the  nation  to 
"acquiesce  in  a  foolish  war,  sustain  an 
immoral  empire,  and  continue  the  subjuga- 
tion of  women." 

In  his  essay,  Goodwin  quotes  Keynes  as 
observing  that  "it  seems  clearer  every  day 
that  the  moral  problem  of  our  age  is  con- 
cerned with  the  love  of  money,"  "the  habit- 
ual appeal  to  the  money  motive,"  "the  uni- 
versal striving  after  individual  economic 
security,"  and  "the  social  appropriation  of 
money  as  the  measure  of  constructive  suc- 
cess." That  reads  like  a  remarkable  state- 
ment about  a  still-unrealized  civilization — 
and  about  the  corrupted  life  mistaken  for 
the  good  life — from  one  of  the  preeminent 
economists  of  all  times.  Given  Keynes'  cir- 
cle of  friends,  though,  perhaps  not  all  that 
remarkable.     ■ 


View  slideshow  of  additional  images  from  the 

Blooinsbury  exhibition: 

www.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


www.dukeiriagazine.duke.edu 


Books 


Havanas  in  Camelot:  Personal  Essays 

B?  William  Styron  '47,  Hon.  '68.  Random  House,  2008.  176  pages.  $23. 


outhern  literary  scholar  Louis  Rubin 

once  told  me  a  story  about  riding  in  a 

car  with  Flannery  O'Connor.  My  near 

glee  at  hearing  the  story  was  related 

not  to  literary  matters  but  to  my  curiosity 

about  the  person  Flannery  O'Connor — my 

curiosity  about  an  actual  visit  with  her. 

The  person  William  Styron  ( 1925-2006)  is 
brought  to  readers  in  Havanas  in  Camelot,  a 
collection  of  fourteen  personal  essays  writ- 
ten in  the  1980s  and  '90s.  Among  funny  sto- 
ries, musings,  analyses,  opinions,  and  con- 
fessions, we  find  memories  of  writers  Truman 
Capote,  Nelson  Algren,  and  Terry  Southern, 
and  of  politicians  John  F.  Kennedy  and  Fran- 
cois Mitterand.  Readers  also  learn  details  of 
several  of  Styron's  illnesses  and  squabbles, 
and  of  the  benefits  of  his  long  walks. 

Here  and  there  in  the 
essays,  I  detected  Styron's 
piques.  He  writes  about 
Terry  Southern:  "I  had 
met  a  lot  of  Texans  in  the 
marines,  most  of  whom 
lived  up  to  their  advance 
reputation  for  being  ya- 
hoos and  blowhards,  and 
I  never  thought  I'd  en- 
counter a  Texan  who  was 
a  novelist.  Or  a  Texan 


Styron's  essays  on  Kennedy 
and  Mitterrand  deliver  a 
kind  of  thoughtful  gossip 
that  satisfies  the  sweet  tooth 
of  curiosity  about  famous 
people,  while  others  show 
his  sense  of  humor,  his  wit, 


who  was  really  rather  shy 

and  unboastM."  i  did  not  and  his  satirical  talents. 

sense  here  the  tongue-in- 
cheek  that  may  have 
been  intended,  and  I  think  his  comment  is 
unfair  to  Texans.  (Maybe  Styron  was  re- 
sponding in  general  to  advance  reputations 
not  of  Texans,  but  rather  of  Marines.)  And 
in  more  than  one  essay  here  I  found  evi- 
dence of  Styron's  intolerance  of  "square- 
churchgoing  America,"  an  almost  frightful- 
ly complex  group  that  Styron  seems  to  lump 
into  one  tight  ball. 

But  most  often  in  these  pages  I  encoun- 
tered a  tolerant  and  insightful  Styron.  His 


people,  while  others  show 
his  sense  of  humor,  his  wit, 
and  his  satirical  talents.  He 
was  clearly  a  stimulating 
conversationalist  and  loyal 
friend. 

Styron's  experiences  with 
the  funny  and  not-so-fun- 
ny editorial  censorship  of 
his  first  novel,  Lie  Down  in 
Darkness,  led  to  a  pointed  warning  in  the 
essay  "I'll  Have  to  Ask  Indianapolis":  "For  it 
goes  without  saying  that  the  written  word  is 
in  peril,  and  its  enemies  are  not  just  the 
yahoos  and  the  censors  but  those  who  dwell 
in  the  academic  camp."  In  this  essay,  Styron 
also  writes  of  his  love  for  the  Duke  Uni- 
versity library,  where  he  spent  long,  happy 
hours  at  age  seventeen 
awaiting  deployment  over- 
seas. He  says  the  Duke  li- 
brary became  "my  hangout, 
my  private  club,  my  sanctu- 
ary, the  place  of  my  salva- 
tion." 

While  all  of  these  essays 
are  distinctly  enjoyable, 
none  approaches  the  force, 
the  elegant  sting,  singing, 
and  scrutiny  of  the  three 
essays  that  form  the  moral 
core  of  this  collection,  thus 
making  this  book — for  me 
— important  and  unforget- 
table. Those  three  essays  are  "Slavery's  Pain, 
Disney's  Gain";  "A  Literary  Forefather," 
about  Mark  Twain;  and  "Jimmy  in  the 
House,"  about  James  Baldwin.  They  present 
forceful  and  clear  observations  about  slav- 
ery, racial  tyranny,  and  race  relations,  topics 
so  complex  that  many  writers,  pundits,  and 
literary  critics  step  around  them  or  expound 
with  simple,  benighted  declarations.  Sty- 
ron's observations  here  demonstrate  sources 
of  the  power  behind  his  best-known  work, 


essays  on  Kennedy  and  Mitterrand  deliver     particularly  The  Confessions  of  Nat  Turner 

a  kind  of  thoughtful  gossip  that  satisfies     and  Sophie's  Choice. 

the  sweet  tooth  of  curiosity  about  famous         In  "Slavery's  Pain,  Disney's  Gain,"  Styron 


reflects  on  a  Disney  plan,  later 
stalled,  to  show  theme-park  visi- 
tors in  Virginia  "what  it  was  like  to 
be  a  slave."  Here  he  rips  into  a  typ- 
ical Disney-like  attempt  to  simpli- 
fy and  dumb  down  a  horrific  topic: 
"No  combination  of  branding 
irons,  slave  ships  or  slave  cabins, 
shackles,  chained  black  people  in 
their  wretched  coffles,  or  treks 
through  the  Underground  Rail- 
road could  begin  to  define  such  a 
stupendous  experience. 
"To  present  even  the  most  squalid  sights 
would  be  to  cheaply  romanticize  suffering. 
For  slavery's  abyssal  pain  arose  far  less  from 
its  physical  cruelty — although  slave  ships 
and  the  auction  block  were  atrocities — than 
from  the  moral  and  legal  savagery  that  de- 
prived an  entire  people  of  their  freedom, 
along  with  their  rights  to  education,  owner- 
ship of  property,  matrimony,  and  protection 
under  the  law." 

In  "A  Literary  Forefather,"  Styron  de- 
fends Twain's  Huckleberry  Finn  and  the  use 
there  of  the  word  "nigger,"  thus  pinpointing 
elements  of  America's  "racial  confusion."  In 
"Jimmy  in  the  House,"  he  writes  about  "pre- 
posterous paradoxes  that  had  dwelled  at  the 
heart  of  the  racial  tragedy — the  unrequited 
loves  as  well  as  the  murderous  furies." 

Among  the  musings,  reflections,  and  funny 
stories,  the  reader  of  Styron's  fiction  finds 
insights  into  racism,  evil,  and  guilt  that  en- 
abled Styron  to  treat  those  themes  with 
such  power  in  his  fiction.  Particularly  in 
Sophie's  Choice — but  also  elsewhere — Sty- 
ron wrote  eloquently  about  evil  and  love  in 
close  proximity.  He  showed  us  over  and  over 
how  a  capacity  for  evil  residing  in  any  indi- 
vidual human  heart — along  with  a  capacity 
for  love — helped  create  unique  American 
paradoxes,  confusions,  and  tragedies. 

— Clyde  Edgerton 


Edgerton  is  a  professor  of  creative  uniting  at 
the  University  of  North  Carolina  at  Wilming- 
ton. His  latest  novel,  The  Bible  Salesman, 
was  published  in  August. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE      Nowmlvr -lWmlvr  AVs 


45 


Touching  History:  The  Untold  Story  of  the  Drama  that 
Unfolded  in  the  Skies  over  America  on  9/11 

By  Lynn  Spencer  '88.  Simon  &  Schuster,  2008.  309  pages.  $26. 


Touching  History 


.S.  airspace  is  closed." 

Hundreds  of  commercial  airline 
pilots  headed  to  the  U.S.  from  Eu- 
rope, Asia,  Africa,  and  Latin  Amer- 
ica heard  that  declaration  in  the  midday 
hours  of  September  11,  2001.  Though  some 
of  the  planes  were  allowed  to  make  emer- 
gency landings  on  U.S.  territories,  the  vast 
majority  were  turned  around  or  redirected 
to  foreign  airports,  mostly  in  Canada. 

The  unprecedented  decision  to  clear  U.S. 
airspace  of  all  non-military  aircraft  was  made 
at  9:42  a.m.,  just  103  minutes  after  Ameri- 
can Airlines  Flight  1 1  took  off  from  Boston, 
fifty-six  minutes  after  it  flew  into  the  North 
Tower  of  the  World  Trade  Center,  thirty- 
nine  minutes  after  United  Airlines  Flight 
1 75  struck  the  South  Tower,  and  five  minutes 
after  United  Airlines  Flight  77  slammed  into 
the  Pentagon.  Touching  History  is  a  minute- 
by-minute  account  of  that  historic  morning, 
told  from  the  perspective  of  the  military  and 
commercial  pilots,  air  traffic  controllers,  and 
airline  employees  forced  to  cope  with  the 
unfolding  crisis.  Author  Lynn  Spencer,  her- 
self a  pilot  for  Expressjet  Airlines,  has  chron- 
icled the  two-hour  evolution  from  confu- 
sion and  disbelief  to  comprehension  and 
action. 

The  first  obstacle  the  aviation  profession- 
als had  to  overcome  was  their  own  incred- 
ulity. Hijackings  had  been  rare  in  the  U.S. 
since  the  1960s,  and  emergency  procedures 
to  deal  with  them  were  rusty.  First  reports 
from  the  World  Trade  Center  spoke  of  a 
small  plane  crashing  into  the  North  Tower. 
That  was  hard  enough  to  believe  on  such  a 
clear  day;  no  one  believed  that  an  experi- 
enced commercial  pilot  flying  a  jumbo  jet 
could  possibly  make  such  an  error.  They  fur- 
thermore believed  that  a  professional  pilot 
under  duress  would  fly  into  the  Hudson 
River  before  striking  an  occupied  building. 
Only  slowly  did  the  observers  come  to  real- 
ize that  the  hijackers  were  flying  the  planes. 

The  entire  drama  played  out  in  less  than 
two  hours.  At  about  10:03  a.m.,  United  Air- 


lines Flight  93  crashed  in  a  field  in  western 
Pennsylvania,  intentionally  flown  into  the 
ground  by  the  hijackers  when  the  passen- 
gers launched  an  assault  on  the  cockpit  to 
retake  control  of  the  airplane.  It  is  a  much 
debated  question  whether  the  authorities 
acted  with  remarkable  speed  and  efficiency 
to  contain  a  crisis  no  one  had  anticipated, 
or  whether  the  system  moved  too  slowly  to 
curtail  the  disaster.  The  9/1 1  Commission  was 
broadly  critical  of  the  government's  response. 
Spencer  makes  no  apology  for  the  actions  of 
the  government  at  the  cabinet  level  and 
above,  but  she  ardently  defends  her  col- 
leagues in  the  military  and  civilian  aviation 
fraternities,  from  the  senior  military  officers 
and  FAA  controllers  down  to  the  flight  at- 
tendants and  fighter  pilots  on  the  front  line 
of  the  attacks.  She  tells  their  story  from 
their  point  of  view  based  on  their  recollec- 
tions, with  all  of  the  insights  and  blind  spots 
that  inhabit  participant  accounts. 

Clearly,  lines  of  communication  and  au- 
thority proved  cumbersome  and  slow.  While 
Vice  President  Cheney  took  control  in  Wash- 
ington, President  Bush  was  sent  from  Flor- 
ida to  a  safe  haven  aboard  Air  Force  One. 
Richard  Clark,  chair  of  the  White  House 
Counterterrorism  Group,  convened  an  emer- 
gency teleconference  of  the  appropriate 
cabinet-level  officials.  Little  of  this  pro- 
duced any  helpful  guidance  from  above. 
Cheney  sent  qualified  shoot-down  authori- 
ty through  the  Secret  Service  but  failed  to 
notify  the  military  chain  of  command.  Ben 
Sliney,  in  his  first  day  on  the  job  as  the 
national  operations  manager  of  the  Federal 
Aviation  Administration  (FAA)  Control 
Center  in  Herndon,  Virginia,  closed  Ameri- 
can airspace  on  his  own  initiative. 

Responses  came  in  stages.  At  9:02  Sliney 
declared  a  "first-tier  ground  stop"  for  the 
New  York  area  before  cancelling  all  take- 
offs  from  American  airports  at  9:29.  Neither 
halt  prevented  the  four  hijackings  already 
under  way,  but  they  may  have  prevented 
more.  The  pilot  of  United  Airlines  Flight  23, 


a  jumbo  jet  scheduled  to  fly  from  JFK 
Airport  in  New  York  to  Los  Angeles, 
reported  that  "four  young  Arab  men" 
were  riding  in  first  class,  the  same  pat- 
tern observed  on  the  hijacked  planes.  Flight 
23  was  in  the  queue  to  take  off  when  it  was 
caught  in  Sliney's  ground  stop.  The  plane 
returned  to  the  terminal,  where  it  was  evac- 
uated and  locked.  The  four  Arab  men  dis- 
appeared in  the  mass  exodus  from  the  air- 
port. 

The  military  response  was  similarly  incre- 
mental. Only  a  handful  of  fighter  aircraft, 
partially  armed,  were  available  in  the  east- 
ern U.S.  They  were  piloted  by  young  men 
and  women,  many  reservists  in  the  Air  Na- 
tional Guard,  with  nicknames  like  "Duff," 
"Nasty,"  "Scooter,"  "Smurf,"  "Dog,"  "Ani- 
mal," "Rosey,"  "Lucky,"  "Bam  Bam,"  and 
"Doogie."  They  first  established  military  con- 
trol of  the  airspace  over  New  York,  and 
then  Washington,  wondering  if  they  might 
be  called  upon  to  shoot  down  an  American 
jumbo  airliner  filled  with  innocent  civil- 
ians. As  it  happened  none  of  the  fighters 
arrived  in  time  to  intervene,  though  one  jet 
was  dispatched  to  intercept  Flight  93,  which 
was  headed  toward  Washington  when  it 
crashed  in  Pennsylvania. 

Spencer  tells  this  story  with  pace  and 
clarity,  sometimes  succumbing  to  the  breath- 
less hyperbole  that  gripped  the  participants. 
In  contrast  to  the  9/11  Commission,  she 
found  that  her  colleagues  performed  profes- 
sionally, even  heroically.  The  national  in- 
frastructure was  unprepared  for  an  emer- 
gency like  this.  There  was  enormous  poten- 
tial for  accidents  and  mistakes,  for  panicked 
overreaction.  The  fact  that  all  the  thou- 
sands of  airplanes  traveling  to  or  about  the 
U.S.  on  that  chaotic  morning  landed  their 
passengers  safely  is  a  tribute  to  the  system 
and  especially  the  people  who  were  working 
it  that  day. 

— Alex  Roland 


Roland  Ph.D.  '74  is  a  history  professor  at 
Duke  whose  research  focuses  on  military  history 
and  the  history  of  technology . 


zw.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


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CONTINUED  NEXT  PAGE 


Anita-Agnes  Hassell 
Gerald  L.  Hassell 
Daun  P.  Hauspurg 
Peter  R.  Hauspurg 
Molly  Eden  Hendrick 
James T.  Hill  III 
Janine  W.Hill 
Judith  Ann  Hinchman 
Alice  K.  Horton 
George  A.  Horton 
David  Branson  Ingram 
Sarah  Lebrun  Ingram 
Gary  Richard  Janko 
Susan  Murphy  Janko 
Brenda  La  Grange  Johnson 
J.  Howard  Johnson 
John  Wesley  Jones 
LucyTurk  Mollis  Jones 
Daniel  S.  Katz 
F.  M.  Kirby 
Jefferson  W.  Kirby 


ftkmfc  to  all 
of  our  reunion  volunteer*} 


Mr.  and  Mrs.  S.  Dillard  Kirby 
Walker  Kirby 
J.J.  Kiser  III 

Joy  Kiser 

Henry  Louis  Kotkins,  Jr. 
Jacqueline  Levin  Kotkins 
George  M.  Kunath 
Roger  Lash 

Nicholas  John  Leonardy 
Theresa  M.  Leonardy 
Douglas  Leone 
Diane  V.  S.Levy 
Robert  M.  Levy 
KathrynCrommelinLieb 
Richard  B.  Lieb 
Gay  McLawhorn  Love 
J.  Thomas  McMurray 
Paul  M.  Meister 
Susan  B.  Meister 
MaryC.  Metzger 
Amy  M.  Moss 
HaruoNaito 
Sonoko  Naito 
Nancy  A.  Nasher 
JackH.Neely 
Margaret  M.  Neely 
Ginny  Lilly  Nicholas 
Peter  M.Nicholas 
Peter  M.Nicholas,  Jr. 
Patti  Perkins-Leone 
Anne  Katherine  Reid 
Michael  WhitelawReid 
Keith  Leon  Reinhard 
Rose-Lee  Simons  Reinhard 
Donald  E.  Rocap 
Kevin  J.  Roche 
Margaret  Roche 


Diane  D.  Schlinkert 
Leo  R.  Schlinkert 
Amy  Beth  Schorr 
Brian  Lewis  Schorr 
Richard  Waldo  Scott 
Monica  M.Segal 
Richard  D.  Segal 
Emily  M.Semans 
Nellie  M.Semans 
Truman  T.Semans 
Truman  Thomas  Semans,  Jr. 
William  Merrick  Semans 
Fred  W.Shaffer 
Meriel  Shaffer 
Kathleen  E.Shannon 
Karl  S.  Sheffield 
Lori  Sidman 
Matthew  Keith  Sidman 
Paula  Sidman 
David  N.  Silvers 
Ellen C.  L.Simmons 
Matthew  R.  Simmons 
Dorothy  Lewis  Simpson 
Jack  David  Sommer 
Laura  Jane  Wellens  Sommer 
Kathleen  M. Stansky 
Robert  E.  Stansky 
Mark  Edward  Stephanz 
Rita  McCloy  Stephanz 
Eugenia  P.  Strauss 
Robert  P.  Strauss 
Barbara  Hoover  Sutherland 
L.  Frederick  Sutherland 
Barry  Joel  Tarasoff 
Sylvia  H.Y.Tarasoff 
Debra  Ann  Terlato 
William  Anthony  Terlato 
David  Viniar 
Susan  Viniar 
Drayton  Timms  Virkler 
Laura  Horton  Virkler 
Joseph  M.Vitagliano 
Karl  M.  vonderHeyden 
Mary  Ellen  von  derHeyden 
Caroline  A.  Walker 
John  L.Walker 
Debra  Braman  Wechsler 
Jeffrey  Wechsler 
Michael  I.  Wilkins 
A.  Morris  Williams,  Jr. 
Ruth  Whitmore  Williams 
Harold  L.Yoh,  Jr. 
MaryMilusYoh 
MaryL.Yovovich 
Paul  George  Yovovich 
Hilary  Wiener  Zarrow 
Scott  F.  Zarrow 

PRESIDENT'S  COUNCIL 
$10,000-$24,999 

Alan  I.  Abramson 
Lynn  Abramson 
Shirley  Halton  Ada 
Ellen  Cates  Adams 
Hunter  D.Adams 
Rex  D.  Adams 
Clifford  Robin  Adler 
Michael  John  Alix 
Idith  Almog 
Yuval  Almog 
Jacob  Maxwell  Anderson 
Lawrence  Harry  Anderson 
Nancy  A.  Anderson 
Robert  J.  Anderson 


Marcia  A.  Angle 

Claire  L.Arnold 

Douglas  DeGolyer  Arnold 

H.Ross  Arnold  III 

Kevin  Charles  Baer 

Frida  Israel  Bagel 

Jerry  Bagel 

F.WeldonBaird 

Vikki  Bubas  Baird 

Douglas  M.Baker 

Julie  Metzger  Baker 

Bonnie  MaioBandeen 

Robert  Derek  Bandeen 

Stephen  David  Bard 

Linna  May  Barnes 

Cheryl  J.  B.  Barnette 

Henry  V.Barnette,  Jr. 

Carole  Bartholdson 

John  R.  Bartholdson 

Christopher  Maddox  Bass 

Marshall  Thompson  Bassett 

Bruce  J.  Bauer 

Renee  Elizabeth  Becnel 

Carol  Anne  Begley 

Lawrence  Patrick  Begley 

George  D.  Beischer 

Susan  Fox  Beischer 

Carl  Douglas  Bell 

Steven  Robert  Bell 

Sue  Bell 

Susan  Stover  Bell 

Michael  S.  Bender 

Deborah  J.  Bennett 

W.  Tyson  Bennett 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  John  P.  Bent,  Jr. 

Stephen  Wilson  Bent 

Brian  Daniel  Bernard 

Gerald  M.  Bieze 

Sarah  A.  Bieze  . 

Peter  Gerald  Bilden 

Samara  Pfohl  Bilden 

Nicholas  Simon  Billig 

Michael  James  Bingle 

Philip  A.  Bjorlo 

Sheila  Regan  Bjorlo 

Deborah  Groves  Black 

Steven  Davis  Black 

CarlE.BolchJr. 

Carl  E.  Bolch  III 

Matthew  Penn  Boyer 

Margaret  Ruffin  Brady 

Peter  Bevier  Brandow 

Margaret  Meeker  Bray 

Marjorie  L  Breisblatt 

Robert  B.  Breisblatt 

John  M.  Bremer 

M.  Brennan-Miller 

Michael  Rahm  Bressler 

Diana  V.Brian 

Earl  W.Brian,  Jr. 

Jonathan  D.  Britt 

Cynthia  Brodhead 

Richard  H.  Brodhead 

Leonard  Brooks  III 

Alvin  Howard  Brown 

Colin  W.  Brown 

Mary-Douglass  Scannell  Brown 

Thomas  P.  Brown 

Christine  Tavel  Brunnemer 

H.  Keith  Brunnemer,  Jr. 

David  C.  Bryan 

Angela  S.  Buchholz 

Robert  Alden  Buchholz 

Stuart  Upchurch  Buice 

William!  Buice  III 


Mary  Elizabeth  Crawford  Bunce 

RickL.  Burdick 

Sharon  F.  Burdick 

Barbara  Burke 

Raymond  F.  Burke 

Christopher  E.  Burns 

Patricia  P.  Burns 

Sunny  Harvey  Burrows 

Mary  K.  Burwell  Scarborough 

Chad  Alan  Buxton 

Lynn  Lloyd  Buxton 

Laurie  Jean  Caldwell-Brandow 

Lynn  E.Calhoun 

Lynn  H.Cappelli 

Charles  Keith  Cargill 

Leah  B.  Cargill 

Susan  Lehman  Carmichael 

Trent  Andrew  Carmichael 

Ronald  James  Carpinella 

David  B.  Chaffin 

Stephen  PuiYan  Chan 

Genevieve  Marie  Chenier-Leck 

Stephen  C.  Coley 

Sarah  Gates  Colley 

Nancie  H.  Cooper 

Stephen  F.  Cooper 

Timothy  James  Corey 

Mary  Louise  Covington 

Richard  L.  Covington 

Bruce  Cummings 

Myrna  Pope  Cummings 

Ann  Quattlebaum  Curry 

James  L.  Curry 

Eva  L.  Curtis 

Thomas  Andrew  Curtis 

Lee  A.  Mimms  Dagger 

Thomas  Golden  Dagger 

Richard  E.  Damiano 

Dolores  D'Angelo 

Lawrence  J.  D'Angelo 

Elizabeth  Learson  Daniels 

Leslie  8enedict  Daniels 

Victoria  Dauphinot 

Daniel  Ledbetter  Dees 

Daun  Michelle  Dees 

Kenneth  Edgar  de  Laski 

Alberto  Jose  Delgado 

Brian  Lloyd  Derksen 

John  M.  Derrick,  Jr. 

Jennifer  St.  Clair  Dicke 

Daniel  McKenzie  Dickinson 

Gina  Dickinson 

Gary  W.Dickson 

Mary  Kay  Dineen 

RoseKueffnerDonnell 

Davis  W.  Duke,  Jr. 

Charles  A.  Dukes,  Jr. 

Rebecca  Weathers  Dukes 

C.  Steven  Duncker 

Ruth  Dzau 

Victor  J.  Dzau 

Le  Roy  Eakin  III 

Lindsay  McKelvie  Eakin 

Judy  Darr  Eaton 

Shari  Schwartzman  Eberts 

Christine  A.  Edwards 

John  H.  Edwards 

Kate  Deutsch  Eichel 

Scott  Benjamin  Eichel 

Charles  D.  Ellis 

James  Bowman  Ellis 

John  D.  Englar 

Linda  Meter  Englar 

Aaron  Jason  Enrico 

Orli  R.  Etingin 


Linn  M.  Feidelson 

Roberts.  Feidelson 

Julie  Elizabeth  Borger  Ferguson 

T.  Ritson  Ferguson,  III 

Robin  A.  Ferracone 

Yolanda  Ciata  Ferrell-Brown 

Edward  A.  Fish 

Gretchen  Schroder  Fish 

Jill  I.Fishman 

Mark  A.  Fishman 

C.  Grayson  Fitzhugh 

Sarah  Akers  Fitzhugh 

Harry  Todd  Flemming 

Doris  Flowers 

Harold  L.  Flowers,  Sr.  + 

Paul  B.  Ford 

Anne  Rothwell  Forlines 

John  A.  Forlines  III 

Virginia  Rutledge  Forney 

Robert  C.  Fort 

Cameron  Harold  Fowler 

Jeffrey  Howard  Fox 

Melanie  P.  Fox 

Kathleen  C.  France 

Michael  E.  France 

Jane  Reny  Frank 

Stephen  Hamilton  Frank 

Jacqueline  Fair  Frey 

James  H.  Frey 

F.  Daniel  Gabel,  Jr. 

Margaret  Ann  Booker  Gabel 

John  R.Gabriel 

Patricia  Gabriel 

Annie  Lewis  Johnston  Garda 

Robert  A.  Garda 

Steven  Dwight  Gardner 

Louis-Vincent  Gave 

Lauren  Williams  Ghaffari 

Paul  Bijan  Ghaffari 

John  Louis  Giannuzzi 

Kathleen  Anderson  Giannuzzi 

Dennis  Dan  Gibson 

Nikki  Hurst  Gibson 

Sylvia  Mathis  Gibson 

Jeffrey  K.  Giguere 

Nancy  Parker  Giguere 

Edward  Arthur  Gilhuly 

Karen  Hoffman  Gilhuly 

Judith  S.Giuliani 

Rudolph  William  Giuliani 

Jane  Salinger  Glucksman 

Jeffrey  B.  Golden 

Rita  Palmer  Golden 

Elisabeth  Stacy  Rogers  Golding 

Robert  M.Golding 

Keith  Kiley  Goldstein 

Blake  Buchanan  Goodner 

LoisSchragerGoodner 

Patricia  Ann  Perrotta  Gordon 

Peter  John  Gordon 

Lynn  E.  Gorguze 

Elizabeth  Loyd  Gorman 

Michael  Brian  Gorman 

Robert  Pinkney  Gorrell 

Sarah  S.  Gorrell 

Margaret  Gorrie 

Thomas  M.  Gorrie 

Croley  W.Graham,  Jr. 

David  Scott  Greenberg 

Joan  Hilary  Greenberg 

Donna  C.  Greenlee 

Stephen  Mellor  Greenlee 

Fabienne  Jeanne  Marie  Gregoire 

Margaret  Ford  Grigg 

Joe  Grills 


Margaret  Grills 

Evan  M. Gruber 

Jane  L.  Gruber 

George  G.  Guthrie 

MimiHaas 

Arthur  H.  Haigh  III 

Kristi  Uddstrom  Haigh 

David  E.  Hall 

Laura  Hockaday  Hall 

Kathleen  M.  Hamm 

Patricia  Lister  Hanenberg 

William  Joseph  Hanenberg 

Donna  Landau  Hardiman 

John  L.  Hardiman 

Harry  H.  Harkins,  Jr. 

Robert!  Harper 

Susan  F.  Harper 

Stuart  Irwin  Harris 

Lawrence  H.  Harrison 

Marilyn  Agnes  Hofmann  Harrison 

R.  Keith  Harrison,  Jr. 

Dale  M.Hart 

Robert  M.Hart 

Douglas  A.  Hastings 

Cammie  Robinson  Hauptfuhrer 

William  B.  Hauptfuhrer 

Scott  D.  Hawkins 

Sharon  Doyle  Hawkins 

Susan  M.  Hawkins 

William  A.  Hawkins  III 

Edward  Joseph  Healy 

Helen  B.  Healy 

Jane  Brennan  Henderson 

Pamela  Brecker  Hendrickson 

Michael  Patrick  Hennessy 

Heidi  A.  Hetzer 

Alice  Blackmore  Hicks 

James  B.  Hicks 

Calvin  Hill 

Janet  Hill 

Jeffrey  C.  Hines 

Wendy  J.  Hines 

Steven  E.  Hively 

C.  Roger  Hoffman 

Edith  Smoot  Hoffman 

Julie  Ann  Holcomb 

Victor  William  Holcomb 

Arthur  L.  Holden 

Betsy  De  Haas  Holden 

Harriet!  Holderness 

Harvey  R.  Holding 

Benjamin  D.  Holloway 

Rita  Holloway 

Terrance  Kent  Holt 

Virginia  Roberts  Holt 

Richard  Alan  Horvitz 

Cheryl  Howell 

!  Rudolph  Howell 

Lawrence  !  Hoyle,  Jr. 

Mary  R.  Hoyle 

Jean  E.  Hoysradt 

Richard  Raymond  Hrabchak 

Jerry  Garland  Hubbard 

Kenneth  W.  Hubbard 

Patricia  Crawford  Hubbard 

Bettysue  Cameron  Hughes 

Jeffrey  P.  Hughes 

Albert  R.Hunt 

Jeffrey  M.  Hurst 

Roxanna  Harper  Hurst 

David  W.  Ichel 

Jan  Ichel 

Yolande  Ip 

Nancy  Page  Jackson 

Anne  M.Jameson 


fiijfefotfw 
kelp  pay  for 


Duke  undergraduates 
Financial  aid  for 
graduate  and 
professional  degree 


George  P.  Jameson 

VinayJaygopalJayaram 

Carol  Anne  Love  Jennison 

George  King  Jennison 

Jolie  J.  Johnson 

Matthew  George  Johnson 

Patricia  K.  Furey  Jones 

Richard  Hubert  Jones 

Virginia  Joslin-Hastings 

Alan  L.  Kaganov 

Daniel  Franklin  Katz 

Stephanie  K 

Steven  H 

Lynne  Kaye 

Randa  Khoury  Kayello 

Sammy  Kayello 

Cheryl  L.  Kearny 

Charles  Roy  Kelley 

Jennifer  Staats  Kelley 

Katherine  Cissle  Kellogg 

Alberta  Allenh  Kelly 

Clinton  W.Kelly  III 

Christopher  John  Kempczinski 

Heather  McCaslin  Kempczinski 

Theodore  C.  Kennedy 

Nannerl  0.  Keohane 

Robert Keohane 

RoyW.Kiefer 

Cynthia  McNeill  King 

David  P.  King 

Anne  Pfohl  Kirby 

John  R.  Knight 

Carol  Anspach  Kohn 

Henry  L.  Kohn,  Jr. 

Joseph  Carl  Kohn 

Lisa  Palfy  Kohn 

John  A.  Koskinen 

Patricia  Koskinen 

Leigh  Kosnik 

Richard  Michael  Kosnik 

Donna  M.  Kozin 

Marc  David  Kozin 

Peter  Andrew  Kraus 

George  R.  Krousejr. 

Susan  N.  Krouse 

Milton  Lachman 

Roslyn  Schwartz  Lachman 

Michael  Wallace  Lamach 

Clarence  Ray  Lambe,  Jr. 

Katherine  W.  Lambe 

Christine  Lamond 

Pierre  R.  Lamond 

Richard  J.  Lampen 

Susan  Matson  Lampen 

Clinton  W.Lane  III 

Shelley  O'Neill  Lane 

Gerrit  Livingston  Lansing,  Jr. 

Patricia  H.  Lansing 

Cordelia  Reardon  Laverack 

William  Laverack,  Jr. 

Connie  Lawrence 

Robert  A.  Lawrence 


David  Peter  Lazar,  Sr. 
Karen  Bowers  Lazar 
P.  Jeffrey  Leek 
Daniel  Kenneth  Lehrhoff 
Patti  B.  Lehrhoff 
Nina  Lesavoy 
Angela  Ann  Lessuise 
David  F.  Levi 
Dan  Levitan 
Stacey  Levitan 
Frank  Edgar  Lewis,  Jr. 
Penny  Wolfson  Lieberberg 
Frank  N.  Linsalata 
Jocelyne  Kollav  Linsalata 
Judson  C.  Linville 
Ann  Gessert  Littleton 
Deborah  !  Long 
William  Matthews  Long  III 
Linda  Lorimer 
Barbara  S.  Love 
Charles  Keith  Love 
David  Mdawhorn  Love 
James  Erskine  Love  III 
Sarah  Ellen  Love 
Valerie  Marx  Love 
Carol  Pulver  Lovett 
Donald  Robert  Lovett 
Douglas  Bennett  Lowey 
James  E.  Luebchow 
Gary  G.  Lynch 
Debra  Seeber  Lynner 
Terry  Arthur  Lynner 
Carl  F.  Lyon 
Maryann  Lyon 
Andrew  Madoff 
Deborah  West  Madoff 
Kathy  Mansfield 
Todd  W.  Mansfield 
Sharon  Kerrie  Marcil 
Frank  Edward  Mars 
Susan  A.  Mars 
Mark  D.  Masselink 
PriscillaClappMasselink 
Darryl  J.May 
Susan  Friedland  May 
Stacey  Willits  McConnell 
John  Thomas  McGowan 
MaryAnneO.  McGowan 
Douglas  Allen  McGraw 
Marianne  Ballenger  McGraw 
Thomas  B.  McGuire,  Jr. 
Anne  B.  H.  Mcllvaine 
Charles  Coen  Mcllvaine 
Marilyn  Coen  Mcllvaine 
Dolly  Madison  McKenna 
John  J.  McKenna 
William  Frank  McKinley 
Debra  Ann  McLaughlin 
Michael  P.  McLaughlin 
T.  Bragg  McLeod 

CONTINUED  NEXT  PAGE 


iii 


DUKE 

ANNUAL 

FUND 


Nancy  M.  McLoughlin 
Shawn  D.  McLoughlin 
Anne  Hall  McMahon 
John  Alexander  McMahon 
Brian  Joseph  McMerty 
Sarah  Bellamy  McMerty 
Paula  KirbyMcWhinnie 
John  Donald  Methfessel,  Jr. 
Dennis  Irwin  Meyer 
Katayoun  F.  Meyer 
Michael  William  Meyer 
Rita  Murray  Meyer 
David  James  Miller 
Donna  C.Miller 
Douglas  J.  Miller 
Elaine  Pouletsos  Miller 
Martin  J.  Miller 
Brooke  Siebel  Mitchell 
Tyler  Addison  Mitchell 
Christian  J.  Mixter 
Anne  B.  Mize 
Thomas  L.  Monahan  III 
Carol  Preston  Morgan 
Thomas  H.  Morgan 
Patricia  Reilly  Morrison 
Stuart  Scott  Morrison 
Emilie  B.  Murphy 
Dennis  M.Naily 
Thomas  B.  Neff 
Leslie  L.  Neumeister 
Karen  Farris  Neus 
Michael  C.  Neus 
Katherine  Nicholas 
Katherine  T.Nichols 
Steven  S.  Nichols 
Peter  S.  Niculescu 
Bryon  Nimocks  III 
Douglas  E.Nordlinger 
Margaret  Meads  Nordlinger 


ftlunfatadlafour 
young  Aluuni  feer  Network 

and  young  Alunni 
Development  Council  volunteers) 


JinsukT.  Oh 

Katherine  E.  Oh 
Jorge  Luis  Orbay 
John  F.  Otto,  Jr. 
Nell  W.  Otto 
JohnT.  F.  Oxaal 
Amy  Factor  Oyer 
Jay  Howard  Oyer 
David  B.  Pahren 
Judith  Wagoner  Pahren 
Paul  J.  Pantano,  Jr. 
David  Melville  Parks 
William  Chesley  Davis  Parr 
Jacque  H.  Passino,  Jr. 
PankajS.  Patel 
Charles  John  Paterakis 
Olga  Irene  Paterakis 

Key  + :  Deceased 


John  Andrew  Patterson 

David  Randolph  Peeler 

Jean  Derek  Penn 

Robert  Read  Penn 

Katherine  Baker  Penn 

Scott  H.  Peters 

Elizabeth  O'Shea  Pfohl 

James  M.  Pfohl 

Louis  Anthony  Pfohl 

Reed  Phillips  III 

Anne  Rice  Pierce 

Charles  Edward  Wilson  Pierce 

Zbigniew  P.  Pietrzak 

Elizabeth  Rice  Pilnik 

Richard  Dal  Pilnik 

Christopher  Richard  Plaut 

David  R.  Poe 

Nicholas  Harry  Politan,  Jr. 

Biggs  C.Porter 

Josephine  Erwin  Powe 

Fatine  K.  Prager 

Richard  L.  Prager 

David  Lloyd  Pratt 

Jeffrey  Wallace  Priest 

Elizabeth  Rothermel  Puckett 

J.Puckettlll 

Martha  Putallaz-Sheppard 

Daniel  Pfohl  Quigley 

Elizabeth  HitchinsQuigley 

Jennifer  Minton  Quigley 

L.Matthew  Quigley 

Lynn  Pfohl  Quigley 

B.  Andrew  Rabin 

Anthony  Francis  Rademeyer 

Chet  Singh  Ranawat 

Nancy Ranney 

Kimberly  Dawn  Reed 

Joanna  Rees 

Janet  N.  Regan 

Patrick  M.  Regan 

Geoffrey  S.  Rehnert 

Jeffrey  Peter  Reich 

Lawrence  Adam  Reid 

C.B.  Richardson 

Charles  V.  Ricks 

Ann  Bigay  Ridenhour 

Steven  Strawn  Ridenhour 

Jane  N.  Rigby 

Kevin  Joseph  Rigby 

Stephen  Reese  Rigsbee 

Margarets.  Riker 

William  Irving  Riker,  Jr. 

CeliaAllman  Roady 

Stephen  E.  Roady 

Holly  HinerRobbins 

John  Burton  Robbins 

Timothy  Peter  Rooney 

Elise  Long  Rosen 

Jonathan  Barlow  Rosen 

Jonathan  David  Roth 

Melissa  K.  Roth 

Neil  Stuart  Roth 

Linda  M.  Rucci 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Rodney  D.  Runestad 

Christopher  Regis  Ryan 

Cynthia  Ryan 

Emilia  A.  Saint-Amand 

Charles  A.  Sanders 

AngeloJ.Santinelli 

Jane  Sikorski  Santinelli 

W.EarlSasserJr. 

Paul  Ruffin  Scarborough 

Lisa  Schatz 

Steven  M. Schatz 

Elizabeth  York  Schiff 


James  Andrew  Schiff 

Eric  James  Schiffer 

Karen  Schiffer 

Robert  A.  Schoellhorn 

David  Ansten  Schoenholz 

Susan  HadamSchoenholz 

Douglas  Guy  Scrivner 

Richard  FraserSeamans 

Robert  L.  Seelig 

Henry  E.  Seibert 

Jody  Beth  Goldberg  Seibert 

Gary  L.  Sellers 

Robin  Stone  Sellers 

Ann  Schneider  Shapiro 

Stephen  Todd  Shapiro 

Barbara  Johnston  Shaughnessy 

John  P.  Shaughnessy 

Colin  S.Shaw 

Ruth  G.  Shaw 

Laurie  A.  Shean 

William  G.Shean 

Blair  H.Sheppard 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  John  D.  Shytle 

HopeSidman 

Judy  Siebel 

Kenneth  F.  Siebel 

Melissa  Ann  Siebel 

Helen  S.Siedell 

Robert  A.  Siedell 

Jonathan  M.  Silver 

J.  Stephen  Simon 

James  David  Simpson,  Jr. 

Susan  Eckhardt  Simpson 

Malvinder  Mohan  Singh 

Arthur  L.  Smith 

Shawn  McQueen  Smith 

Stewart  R.  Smith 

Alan  Garrett  Snook 

Sharon  Mary  Snook 

Deena  Annel  Spaulding-Penn 

LaureneMeir  Sperling 

Scott  M.  Sperling 

Cornelia  Beshar  Spring 

Robert  E.  Spring 

Colin  B.  Starks 

Laurie  S.  Starks 

Carol  S. Steed 

Michael  R.  Steed 

Jennifer  Smith  Stein 

John  Stein 

W.  Bradford  Stephens 

Brian  R.  Sterling 

Linda  Hoffman  Sterling 

Katherine  Goodman  Stern 

RobertJ.Stets,Jr. 

Gary  Robert  Stevenson 

Marie  B.  Stevenson 

Diane  Louise  Stewart 

Catherine  Stuart 

James  L.Stuart 

Leo  Edward  Subler 

Ellen  Leane  Sun 

Paul  K.  Sun,  Jr. 

W.  John  Swartz 

John  Collins  Symington 

Jeffrey  E.Tabak 

Marilyn  DickmanTabak 

Lettice  Warshavsky  Tanchum 

Michael  LTanchum 

Mika  Johana  Tanimoto-Stroy 

Amy  Suzanne  Messing  Tanne 

Fred  Tanne 

Tracy  Talleman  Tarry 

William  Burwell  Tarry  III 

Barbara E.Tasher 


Steven  A.  Tasher 

Louis  Warren  Taylor 

Terry  Taylor 

Tyrrell  Mathias  Taylor 

Ronald  Scott  Temple 

Margaret  Jones  Theis 

Robert  Joseph  Theis,  Sr. 

BarberaThornhill 

Debra  R.Timmerman 

William  B.Timmerman 

Marianne  W.Tobias 

Randall  L.Tobias 

David  Joseph  Topper 

Neely  P.  Towe 

RolfH.Towe 

Jennifer  A.  Trapani 

Kevin  Arthur  Trapani 

Evelyn  L.  Treacy 

Michael  E.Treacy 

Robert  S.Trefny 

Mariya  SeacrestTreisman 

Michael  B.Treisman 

Maria  Tremols-Orbay 

William  L  True 

MarkTrustin 

Gabriel  Ernesto  Tsuboyama 

Linda  Turley 

Stewart  Turley 

Maurine  Whitley  Uhde 

Amy  Fink  Urban 

Michael  William  Urban 

Pakpoom  Vallisuta 

Chilton  D.  Varner 

K.  Morgan  Varner  III 

Constance  Elizabeth  Vaught 

Richard  HulussiVelaj 

John  Angier  Vernon 

Michele  Ruddy  Vernon 

George  Vien 

Julia  Kirby  Vien 

Meredith  Von  Brock  von  Arentschildt 

Bruce  Lindsay  Vor  Broker 

G.  Richard  Wagoner,  Jr. 

Kathleen  Kaylor  Wagoner 

Cynthia  Politica  Walden 

Mark  Christopher  Walden 

Teresa  Miles  Walsh 

Bruce  D.Wanamaker 

Elizabeth  Tolbert  Wanamaker 

Charles  E.  Warner 

Sandra  P.Warner 

Victoria  Bostock  Waters 

John  H.Weber 

Cary  Willis  Weems 

Herron  P.  Weems 

Charles!  Wegner  IV 

Richard  MacCoy  Weil 

Donna  R.  Wengert-Neff 

David  L.  Wertz 

Mary  Louise  Wertz 

Lance  Nevin  West 

Lisa  Halle  West 

Stewart  James  Wetchler 

Andrew  Murray  White 

Katharyn  Mountain  White 

E.  FayeWickersham 

Warren  G.  Wickersham 

Andrew  Bayard  Widmark 

Virginia  Hake  Widmark 

Megan  Young  Wiese 

Russell  O.Wiese 

Ashlin  Thomas  Wilbanks 

Wayne  F.Wilbanks 

Jacqueline  A.  Williams 

Jane  Stoddard  Williams 


L  Neil  Williams,  Jr. 

L.Roger  Williams 
Sue  S.Williams 
Christen  L.  Wilson 
Derek  M.Wilson 
Gary  Lee  Wilson 
Thomas  W.Winland 
Tyla  Winland 
Mark  Alan  Wolfson 
Sheila  Aronesti  Wolfson 
Judy  C.Woodruff 
James  Conway  Yardley 
Ann  York 
W.VannYork 
GwynneA.Young 
Nancy  Young 
Daniel  Henry  Zeligson 
Debbie  Zeligson 
James  Charles  Zelter 
David  John  Zezza 
Howard  Zwilling 
Jane  Zwilling 

WILLIAM  PRESTON  FEW  ASSOCIATION 
$5,000-$9,999 

Alfred  G.Adams,  Jr. 
Clifford  S.  Adams 
Sarah  Harrington  Adams 
Sally  Bender  Addison 
Winnifred  Allen  Addison 
Andrew  E.  Adelson 
Virginia  Bonan  Adelson 
Jaime  EduardoAleman 
Bruce  D.  Alexander 
Christine  Nicoll  Alexander 
John  A.  Allison  IV 
Francisco  Daniel  Almaguer 
Henry  GustavAlmquist,  Jr. 
Nancy  Dameron  Almquist 
Kathleen  Conway  Alperin 
Mark  Richard  Alperin 
Marybeth  Althaus 
Robert  W.AIthaus 
Luis  Enrique  Alvarez-Ortega 
Cynthia  Corrine  Amitin 
Robert  W.Anderson 
Taimi  T.  Anderson 
Linda  Davis  Applegarth 
Paul  Vollmer  Applegarth 
Lowell  Dean  Aptman 
Scott  Andrew  Arenare 
John  Pandely  Argenti 
David  Anthony  Arias 
Valerie  Stallings  Arias 
Andrew  J.  Armstrong,  Jr. 
Brenda  E.  Armstrong 
Robert  Michael  Armstrong 
Curtis  R.  Artis 
Kim  C.  Artis 
Linda  Smith  Austin 
Jeffrey  Henry  Baer 
Cynthia  Lee  Baker 
William  Allen  Baker  III 
Mark  E.  Baldwin 
Sally  P.  Baldwin 
Margaret  Tillman  Ball 
Eric  F.  Bam 
Patricia  Susan  Bam 
David  H.  Barber 
Judy  Baron 
Ronald  Baron 
Jasie  S.  Barringer 
Carolyn  Cooney  Bartholdson 
John  Anders  Bartholdson 


Elizabeth  Hanna  Barton 
James  N.  Barton 
John  Willard  Barton 
Michelle  H.  Barton 
BritJ.  Bartter 
Marilyn  M.  Bartter 
Shane  Courtney  Battier 
Jane  Kelly  Baugh 
Philip  Jackson  Baugh,  Jr. 
Patricia  Purnell  Baum 
Stephen  Ellis  Bear 
Claudia  C.  Beard 
John  Q.  Beard 
Donna  Bearden 
Robert  Alan  Bearden 
Judith  Olsen  Beaumont 
Scott  A.  Beaumont 
Joan  Parsons  Beber 
Robert  H.  Beber 
John  Albert  Beckert 
Pamela  Myers  Beckert 
Nancy  Donovan  Benchoff 
Christopher  Edward  Benecchi 
Jane  Benenson 
Lawrence  B.  Benenson 
Geoffrey  Stuart  Benson 
Eileen  C.  Berger 
Paul  R.  Berger 
Richard  K.  Berman 
Scott  B.  Bernstein 
Karen  Bailey  Berry 
Thomas  S.  Berry 
Ellen  Jane  Bickal 
Gary  William  Bieber 
Frances  Lucille  Blackburn 
Marilyn  Few  Blair 
Richard  M.  Blair 
Lawrence  E.  Blanchard  III 
DanM.BIaylock 
Daniel  W.  Blaylock 
Parkie  Adams  Blaylock 
Allison  Geller  Block 
Joshua  C.  Block 
Jonathan  David  Blum 
Charles  K.  Bobrinskoy 
Mary  Anne  Bobrinskoy 
David  L.  Bodenhamer 
Joseph  Michael  Bollinger,  Jr. 
Judy  Perry  Booker 
Anne  R.  Boschwitz 
Franz  L.  Boschwitz 
Diane  Brown  Bosek 
James  Charles  Bosek 
Kate  Bostock 

Matthew  Franklin  Bostock 
Deborah  Harmon  Bouknight 
J.  A.  Bouknight,  Jr. 
David  L.  Boyle 
Susan  M.  Boyle 
David  F.  Bradley 
Laura  Lee  Segal  Bradley 
Emily  Busse  Bragg 
Steven  R.  Bragg 
Charles  William  Brammer,  Jr. 
Hayley  Wilkinson  Brammer 
Caroline  Leutze  Brecker 
Marissa  Johnson  Brock 
William  Justus  Brock 
Alisa  Sacerdote  Brockelman 
Curtis  Francis  Brockelman,  Jr. 
Laureen  Belle  Brockett 
Peter  C.  Brockett 
Barbara  Badger  Brown 
Diana  Harmer  Brown 
Donald  W.Brown,  Jr. 


MelanieDorf  Brown 

William  G.Brown,  Jr. 

Ronald  G.  Bruce 

John  Timothy  Bryan 

Elizabeth  Louise  Buder  Buffington 

Joseph  S.  Buffington 

Robert  H.  Bunn 

Sarah  M.  Bunn 


Gifctethe 
Annual  fund 


ive  programs 
like  the  interdisciplinary 


♦  Expansive  and  expensive 


the  University  Libraries 


Paula  Phillips  Burger 
Peter  Corson  Burger 
Tiffany  Ann  Burnette 
AnnW.  Burrus 
Robert  L.  Burrus,  Jr. 
Bobby  W.  Bush,  Sr. 
Jane B.  Bush 
John  Matthew  Bussel 
Barry  Norman  Bycoff 
Linda  DulinCagley 
Mark  Sullivan  Cagley 
Elizabeth  S.  Caine 
Thomas  P.  Caine 
James  E.  Caldwell 
Susan  Nance  Callaway 
Thomas  Howard  Callaway 
James  S.Campbell,  Jr. 
Elizabeth  Mcelwee  Cannon 
Eugene  Bedford  Cannon 
Robert  D.  Carraway 
Candace  M.  Carroll 
David  C.  Carroll 
Sally  Coonrad  Carroll 
C.  Thomas  Caskey 
Peggy  Pearce  Caskey 
Don  JonCasturo 
Fred  W.Caswell 
Sandra  Ratcliff  Caswell 
Harry  R.  Chadwick,  Jr. 
Laurel  Rosenbaum  Chadwick 
William  Lloyd  Chameides 
Candace  Irene  Chandler 
Robert  Jeffrey  Chandler 
William  W.  Chandler 
Deborah  S.  Chapin 
Stephen  C.  Chapin 
Bruce  A.  Chappell 
Douglas  Brownlie  Chappell 
Erica  Roberts  Chappell 
Jerry  Perry  Chappell 
Phillip  Carl  Christensen 
Roberta  Jo  Christensen 
Lawrence  Stewart  Clark 
Stephen  T.Clark 
Sara  Clarkson 
Carlotta  Mewborne  Clement 


D.  Hayes  Clement,  Jr. 

David  Redmon  Cobb 

Sara  B.  Cobb 

Robert  P.  Cochran 

Suzanne  H.Cochran 

David  Michael  Cohen 

Gail  P.  Cohen 

Laura  Steinschneider  Colebank 

J.  Edward  Coleman 

Julie  Proudfit  Coleman 

Gail  Coleman 

J.  Peter  Coll,  Jr. 

Nancy  Swan  Coll 

Herman  Cone  III 

Anne  P.  Constant 

Paula  Cooper 

Sheree  F.  Cooper  Levy 

Richard  Harris  Copans 

Georgeann  C.  Corey 

Domagoj  Coric 

Ann  Douglas  Cornell 

James  H.Corrigan,  Jr. 

Douglas  A.  Cotter 

Mary  Kistler  Cox 

Ronnie  L.  Cox 

Suzanne  Bryan  Crandall 

Diana  L.  Crawford 

Thomas  W.Crawford 

George  H.  Crowell 

Nancy  MelzerCrowell 

Ann  Pelham  Cullen 

Robert  B.  Cullen 

Nanci  Lynne  Czaja 

Richard  Frank  Czaja 

Rashad  Eugene  Dabaghi 

Sarah  Jane  Dahlgren 

Kathleen  Watkins  Dale-Foreman 

Josephine  Ragland  Darden 

Thomas  Francis  Darden  II 

James  Christopher  Daues 

Charles!  Davidson 

Joanne  Davidson 

Theodore  Joseph  Davies 

Jeffrey  Lakenan  Davis 

Julie  Welch  Davis 

Alexander  L.  Dean,  Jr. 

Elizabeth  Muir  Dean 

Stuart  L.  Dean 

Harris  Andrew  Decker 

Gregory  DeMarco 

Susan  Marie  Emmett  DeMarco 

Jill  Dene  Denison 

Stephen  M.  Denning 

Robert  W.Dickey 

Laura  B.  Di  Giantonio 

Anthony  Hume  Dilweg 

Jamie  Thomas  Dilweg 

Michael  R.  Dockterman 

Robert  E.  Donaho 

Tanya  Dorhout 

CONTINUED  NEXT  PAGE 


ill 


DUKE 

ANNUAL 

FUND 


Robert  Cochrane  Douglas 
Christopher  A.  Downey 
Allan  R.  Dragone,  Jr. 
Susan  Jane  Kerr  Dragone 
Robin  Chandler  Duke 
Louise  C.  Dunlap 
Michael  Joseph  Dunleavyjr. 
Philip  Herbert  Dunn 
Rebecca  Estes  Dunn 
Augustus  IreneeduPont 
Jill  Greenwood  duPont 
AnneO.  Durden 
Robert  F.  Durden 
J.  Porter  Durham,  Jr. 
Donna  Williams  Eacho 
William  C.  Eacho  III 
Sylvia  A.  Earle 
Judith  Harris  Eason 
William  E.  Eason,  Jr. 
Marion  B.  Eck 
Walter  E.  Eck 
Frederick  E.  Ehrsam,  Jr. 
Cynthia  K.  Eichenholz 
Philip  William  Eichenholz 
Lee  J.  Einbinder 
Lisa  Rubin  Einbinder 
Stephanie  E.  Elbers-Donaho 
James  A.  Elktns  III 
Virginia  Arnold  Elkins 
Philip  Ellis  Erlenbach 
Maryann  Esernio-Bruce 
Julie  Campbell  Esrey 
Robert  Benson  Euler 
Sara  Gourley  Euler 
Walter  Euyang,  Jr. 
Sean  Patrick  Fahey 
Anna  Frances  Fakadej 
Gail  Winter  Feagles 
Prentiss  Eric  Feagles 
Bobbi  Fearnow 
Edgar  Cecil  Fearnow  III 
Eleanor  E.  Ferguson 
James  G.Ferguson,  Jr. 
Mary  Adams  Ferguson 
Raymond  Buck  Ferguson 
Randolph  R.  Few 
Shirley  Dana  Few 
Anne  Kearns  Fields 
Jack  Clifton  Fields,  Jr. 
HarryJ.  FinkelV 
Heather  Sutherland  Finke 
Thomas  Michael  Finke 
Jason  Todd  Fishelberg 
William  J.  Florence  III 
LynneA.  Florian 
Mark  Bolognesi  Florian 
Dorlisa  King  Flur 
Peter  Wade  Flur 
Robert  E.  Foreman 
Ross  Carey  Formell 
Thomas  Yves  Henri  Fousse 
Debbie  Lewis  Fox 
Deborah  Ruth  Fox 
James  R.  Fox 
Sheldon  Michael  Fox 
Susan  Fletcher  French 
Robert  J.  Friauf 
Don  Joaguin  Frost,  Jr. 
Lee  Ann  Furrow-Tolsma 
Andrew  J.  Gabor 
Judith  Bailey  Gabor 
Martha  Seeligson  Gaffney 
Paul  Benedict  Gaffney 
Richard  Joseph  Gagliano 
Elizabeth  Sturgen  Gaither 

Key  + :  Deceased 


J.  Michael  Gaither 

Joseph  Gallagher 

Kathleen  E.Viall  Gallagher 

Jane  Heist  Gamber 

Scott  H.  Gamber 

David  Enrigue  Garcia-Trias 

Jill  Moskowitz  Gardner 

Seth  Evan  Gardner 

Palmer  Peebles  Garson 

Douglas  D.  Garson 

Anthony  F.  Garvin 

Ann  Gavin 

James  Rapheal  Gavin  III 

Paul  Alexander  Geier 

Stephanie  S.  Geier 

Ann  Pilgram  George 

William  Wallace  George 

Elizabeth  Whitmer  Gereghty 

James  G.Gereghty,  Jr. 

Michael  J.  Giarla 

Catherine  Rosa  Giegerich 

Thomas  William  Giegerich 

Matthew  Q.  Giffuni 

Carol  A.Gilbert 

Lynn  Vanbremen  Gilbert 

John  Spalding  Gilbert 

Terry  S.Gilbert 

Peter  Mitchell  Gillon 

Mark  P.  Gitomer 

Susan  W.  Gitomer 

Deborah  Egan  Glass 

Dennis  Robert  Glass 

Howard  G.  Godwin,  Jr. 

Mary  Ann  McDonough  Godwin 

Peng  Ooi  Goh 

Irwin  N.Gold 

Agnes  Bueler  Golden 

James  B.  Golden 

Fred  E.  Goldring 

Bruce  K.Goodman 

Gary  A.  Goodman 

Susan  Goodman 

Raymond  Hayes  Goodmon  III 

Susan  S.  Goodmon 

Kieran  William  Goodwin 

Audrey  Gorter 

James  P.  Gorter 

Christine  Hoy  Gosnell 

Gregory  Forte  Gosnell 

Courtney  G.Gotlin 

Matthew  A.  Gotlin 

Caroline  Bergman  Gottschalk 

Michael  Gottschalk 

Gary  William  Grant 

Linda  Oliver  Grape 

Peter  Ashton  Grape 

Sara  Simons  Graves 

William  T.  Graves,  Sr. 

Eric  R.  Greenspan 

Maxine  M.  Greenspan 

Donna  Coleman  Gregg 

Robert  Edgar  Gregg 

James  S.Grien 

Lauren  Gold  Grien 

Joseph  M.  Griffin 

Priscilla  G.  Griffin 

John  Michael  Grimes,  Jr. 

Charles  L.  Grossman 

Marie  Choborda  Grossman 

Paul  Simeon  Groueff 

Betty-Lu  Albert  Grune 

George  V.Grune 

Jonathan  Michael  Guerster 

Kimberly  S.  Guerster 

Susanne Ingeburg  Haas 


fwenb'  Connittee 
volunteers] 


John  Travis  Hain 

Use  0.  Hain 

Thomas  Andrew  Hale 

Anders  William  Hall 

Jennifer  E.Hall 

Joanna  Faulkner  Hall 

Roderick  Cameron  M.  Hall 

John  William  Hallett,  Jr. 

Charlotte  Gibson  Halloran 

AnneM.Haltiwanger 

Earl  Haltiwanger,  Jr. 

N.Allison  Haltom 

Lawrence  Scott  Hamelsky 

Joyce  Harrold  Hamilton 

Roger  C.Hamilton 

DaleS.  Hanson 

Elizabeth  Daniel  Dickinson  Hanson 

Monie  Thomas  Hardwick 

Thomas  Chandler  Hardwick 

William  D.  Harkins 

Deborah  Beck  Harlan 

Howard  William  Harlan  II 

Thomas  S.  Harman 

Charles  L.  Harrington 

Diane  L.  Harrington 

Loy  Haskard  Harris 

Arthur  R.Hartzell,  Jr. 

C.  Felix  Harvey  III 

Margaret  Blount  Harvey 

Mary  Peacock  Harward 

Timothy  R.  S.  Harward 

John  J.  Harwood 

James  K.Hasson,  Jr. 

JayneY.  Hasson 

Patricia  Ruth  Hatler 

James  D.Haugh 

Philip  J.  Hawk 

Sara  A.  Hawk 

Martha  J.  Hays 

David  Newell  Heaton 

James  Drury  Heerwagen 

Douglas  Carl  Heidt 

Kathryn  Lewis  Heidt 

Richard  G.  Heintzelman 

Margaret  Wadsworth  Heinze 

MamiHidaka 

Eric  Lynn  Hiser 

Katherine  Armstrong  Hochstetler 

Mark  Edrich  Hochstetler 

Martin  HuntHodgett 

Sabrina  Francis  Hodgett 

Kathryn  Lee  Hoenig 

James  Patrick  Holdcroft 

Sara  Maddern  Holdcroft 

Henry  Kent  Holland 

Kathryn  Anne  Hollister 

John  Richard  Holzgraefe 

Amy  Elizabeth  Hood 

Ozey  Knight  Horton,  Jr. 

Richard  Louis  Horwitz 

Alice  R.  Howard 

Edwin  B.  Howard,  Jr. 

Edward  Alexander  Howson,  Jr. 

Charles  Andrew  Hudak 


David  M.Huggin 
Ann  Hampton  Hunt 
Janet  Smith  Hunt 
William  Edwards  Hunt 
Herbert  H.  Hurst,  Jr. 
Kathi  Stertzbach  Hurst 
Dorothy  Addison  Hutcheson 
Edward  Lee  Hutcheson 
Michael  S.  Immordino 
Gregg  E.  Ireland 
Lori  A.  Ireland 
Karen  Foster  Israel 
PaulG.  Israel 
Jeffrey  D.  Ix 
Kathleen  Dobson  Ix 
J.  Scott  Jackson 
Michael  Francis  Jakubik 
Nancy  Trent  Jakubik 
John  Paul  Janka 
Howard  E.Jessen 
Susanne  Carson  Jessen 
Cynthia  S.Johnson 
Howard  B.  Johnson 
Judith  J.  Johnson 
Mark  0.  Johnson 
Patricia  B.Johnson 
Samuel  W.Johnson 
Velma  Harrison  Johnson 
Willie  Holt  Johnson  III 
A. Bruce  Johnston 
Debbie  Johnston 
Debra  N.Jones 
L.Gregory  Jones 
Robert  W.Jones 
Susan  Pendleton  Jones 
Craig  Neil  Jorgens 
Lisa  Looper  Jorgens 
Debbie  K.  Kahn 
Douglas  James  Kahn 
Peter  J.  Kahn 
Stefanie  S.  Kahn 
Nicholas  J.  Kaiser 
Scott  Ian  Kaplan 
David  J.  Kapnick 
Linda  N.  Kapnick 
Scot  Earl  Karr 
Edward  W.Kay,  Jr. 
Gary  Earl  Kay 
Mary  Beth  Bollin  Kay 
Scott  William  Keller 
Christopher  Gerard  Kelly 
Christine  Keleher  Kelly 
Christopher  Mark  Kelly 
Jennifer  Bancroft  Kelter 
Constance  Cabell  Kendall 
James  Keith  Kennedy 
Patricia  C.  Kennedy 
Carol  Rogers  Kern 
Cleveland  C.Kern,  Jr. 
Alexandra  Akers  Ketner 
Glenn  E.  Ketner,  Jr. 
John  Christian  Ketner 
James  Patrick  Keyes 
MaryC.  Kilbourn 
Christopher  J.  King 
Gayle  P.  King 

Nancy  A.  Schoenberger  King 
Andrew  Louis  Kirby 
Nancy  T.Kirby 
David  Paul  Kirchhoff 
Sandra  Smith  Kirchhoff 
Carol  Kirkman 
David  G.KIaber 
Sally  Searcy  Kleberg 
Alexandra  Bryan  Klein 


Andrew  S.  Klein 

Jeffrey  Dale  Klein 

Julia  Miller  Klein 

Stacy  Stansell  Klein 

Max  Alan  Kleinman 

Mary  Earley  Klotman 

Paul  E.  Klotman 

Joseph  Morris  Kochansky,  Jr. 

Bradley  Jay  Korman 

Alexandra  D.  Korry 

Kathryn  A.  Weichert  Kranbuhl 

Kathryn  H.  Kranbuhl 

M.  Kipp  Kranbuhl 

Jeffrey  P.  Krasnoff 

Margaret  Elizabeth  Krendl 

Mary  Gorter  Krey 

Mark  A.  Kronenfeld 

Sherry  Kronenfeld 

CathrynT.  Kuhn 

Peter  A.  Kuhn 

Tara  Payne  Kupersmith 

Brian  H.  Kushner 

Dudley  B.  Lacy 

Marian  Stone  Lacy 

James  R.  Ladd 

Dennis  Richard  LaFiura 

Mary  H.  LaFiura 

George  C.Lamb  III 

Gordon  R.  Lang 

Lawrence  Joseph  Lang 

Mary  Margaret  Gillin  Lang 

Wesley  W.Lang,  Jr. 

Louise  Lasker 

Mari  Sugahara  Lathrop 

Allan  Mitchell  Latts 

Kate  Shapira  Latts 

Candace  Law 

Eric  A.  Law 

Margaret  Athey  Lawrence 

Robert  S.  Lawrence,  Jr. 

Mary  Howell  Friday  Leadbetter 

Bill  Lee,  Jr. 

Dr.  and  Mrs.  Jack  Lee 

Marianne  Hollingsworth  Lee 

Janet  Leeland 

Paul  Lee  Leeland 

William  Craig  Leese 

Anne  Sabiston  Leggett 

Reid  Gordon  Leggett 

Bettsy  Creigh  Leib 

Tom  E.  Leib 

Mark  Harris  Lerner 

J.  Bancroft  Lesesne 

Ralph  Michael  Levene 

Phyllis  D.  Levinberg 

Howard  Russel  Levine 

Dorothy  Felson  Levy 

Donald  R.  Lincoln 

Mary  J.  Lincoln 

Janet  A.  Lindsey 

Linda  Savage  Linsalata 

Ralph  Thomas  Linsalata 

Kenneth  Daniel  Little 

Stuart  D.  Louie 

Mary  Fraser  Lovejoy 

William  Kent  Luby 

Robin  Luce 

Connie  Lurie-Virgin 

Kathleen  Baxter  Lybass 

TillinghastG.  Lybass 

JohnVal  Lyngaas 

V.  Frederic  Lyon,  Jr. 

Robert  Lyons 

Kristen  Bishop  MacDermott 

Bruce  W.  MacEwen 


J.  Matthew  Mackowski 
Susan  M.  Mackowski 
Edgar  Maeyens,  Jr. 
Christopher  D.  Mangum 
Susan  D.  Mangum 
Gail  Marentette 
Michael  John  Mars 
Jeffrey  Troy  Marsch 
Leslie  Montfort  Marsicano 
Michael  Marsicano 
Terri  Lynn  Mascherin 
Daniel  S.  Mason 
Clare  James  Mathe 
Richard  Aloys  Mathe 
Ariane  Hardin  Matschullat 
Robert  Wayne  Matschullat 
Alice  McCarthy  Mauroner 
Norman  Lee  Mauroner,  Jr. 
Richard  C.  Maxwell 
Sarah  B.  Maxwell 
Andrew  Walter  May 
Sara  Ecke  May 
Kenneth  E.Mayhew,  Jr. 
Douglass  B.  Maynard 
Cathy  Warren  McAuliffe 
James  Gerard  McAuliffe 
Gray  McCalley,  Jr. 
Mary  Jo  Beam  McCalley 
David  P.  McCallie,  Jr. 
David  R.  McClay 
Margaret  A.  McCormick 
Michael  D.  McCormick 
Cristy  McClintock  McDaniel 
David  G.  McDaniel 
Brian  Neil  McDonald 
Capers  W.  McDonald 
Marion  Kiper  McDonald 
Katherine  G.  McGovern 
Joseph  W.  McGrath 
Lisa  S.  McGrath 
JoeMcHugh 
Diane  Lynn  McKay 
Margaret  Jane  McKelvey 
Matthew  M.  McKenna 
Nancy  F.  McKenna 
Colin  M.  McKinnon 
Patterson  Neal  McKinnon 
William  Boston  McKinnon  III 
Celeste  Pinto  McLain 
Thomas  E.  McLain 
Mark  Paul  McLaughlin 
Elizabeth  Kirby  McMahon 
James  David  McMahon 
JohnT.McNabbll 


Gift*  to  the 
kdppayfoY 

♦  Lab  start-up  costs 
for  new  faculty 

in  engineering  and 
the  sciences 

♦  Arts  programming 
and  lecture  series  for 
the  Duke  and 
Durham  communities 


Derek  Edward  McNulty 
Patrick  S.  McVeigh 
Patricia  S.  McVeigh 
John  Thomas  Meaney 
Ana  Catarina  F.  Mendes 
Antonio  Mendes 
JoanR.Mertens 
Ellen  H.  Michelson 
Bradley  Lewis  Miller 
Eric  Richard  Miller 
John  C.H.Miller,  Jr. 
Mindy  Hook  Miller 
Susan  R.Miller 
Terrence  J.  Miller 
Janet  Steel  Mishkin 
James  Curtis  Moffatt 
Stephen  A.  Mongillo 
AnnS.  Moore 
Donovan  B.  Moore,  Jr. 
Harold  Lawrence  Morrison,  Jr. 
George  James  Morrow 
Katherine  D.  Morrow 
Robert  Gary  Moskowitz 
Brendan  Joseph  Moylan 
George  E.  Murphy 
Marie  Elizabeth  Murphy 
Susan  M.  Murphy 
David  J.  Naftzinger 
Anthony  Joseph  Nappi 
Karen  Marie  Natelli 
Thomas  Anthony  Natelli 
Gary  R.Nelson 
Kelli  Neptune 
Lionel  William  Neptune 
John  Kirby  Nicholas 
Barbara  Nims 
Linda  Carole  Noel 
Ms.  RosanneT  Noonan 
Lindsay  Elizabeth  North 
Richard  A.  Northam 
Jeremiah  0.  Norton 
Sherri  King  O'Connor 
Charles  H.Ogbum 
Lisa  D.  Ogburn 
Catherine  O'Hern  Lyons 
Carol  L.  O'Brien 
Ray  M.  Olds 
Sandra  R.  Olds 
Lois  Pounds  Oliver 
David  C.  Olson 
Tara  N.  Olson 
AnnDonnellOnderdonk 
John  G.Ordway  III 
Edward  Yale  Orenstein 
Robin  Panovka 
Richard  Laurence  Parish  III 
Robin  Macfadden  Parish 
Virginia  Reynolds  Parker 
Byron  R.  Parrish 
Forrest  Parrish 
Joan  Adamson  Parrish 
Robert  Bruce  Parrish 
Catherine  Hamilton  Passo 
Michael  Scott  Passo 
Mark  Rowe  Patten 
Lisa  Aukamp  Payne 
Robert  K.  Payson 
Arthur  W.  Peabody,  Jr. 
Travis  Ryan  Pearson 
John  Edgar  Pelletier 
Carolyn  Ketner  Penny 
Wade  Hampton  Penny,  Jr. 
Berndt  Perl 
Katherine  Land  Picard 
Scott  Nelson  Pierpont 


Steven  Corbett  Pierson 

Kim  Purcell  Pike 

Doren  Madey  Pinnell 

Sheldon  R.Pinnell 

Suzanne  Tucker  Plybon 

Brian  Howard  Polovoy 

Harriet  Letzing  Poole 

James  W.Poole 

Marcello  Gerardo  Porcelli 

David  Todd  Posen 

Alicia  Brown  Powers 

James  F.  Powers 

James  D.  Pratt 

Keith  T.Pratt 

Terry  Pratt 

Leslie  Susan  Prescott 

Eva  Karen  Pressman 

Susan  Carpenter  Priester 

Robert  B.Pringle 

Joanne  M.Prorok 

Robert  Francis  Prorok 

Alan  M.  Pryor 

Pamela  Price  Pryor 

James  F.  Rabenhorst 

Elizabeth  Huckle  Rader 

Priscilla  Rattazzi-Whittle 

Cecilia  B.  Rauch 

Dudley  Atkins  Rauch 

Curt  A.  Rawley 

Diane  S.Raynes 

Matthew  Ira  Rebold 

Nancy  B.  Rebold 

Glenn  Richard  Reichardt 

William  Keith  Reidy 

Susan  Baker  Reinhardt 

William  C.  Reinhardt 

Christopher  Martin  Relyea 

Randolph  K.  Repass 

Michael  George  Rhodes 

Dana  Rhule-Louie 

C.  Larry  Rice 

Christine  Peterjohn  Richards 

Daniel  R.  Richards 

Jerry  Richardson 

Rosalind  Richardson 

Heinz  Riehl 

John  Francis  Rigney 

Karen  W.  Rigney 

PhilippL.  Rimmler 

Quinn  Stephen  Riordan 

Patricia  M.  Risher 

Paul  D.  Risher 

Steven  F.  Roark 

Virginia  White  Roark 

Lee  Harriss  Roberts 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Julian  H.  Robertson,  Jr. 

Julian  Spencer  Robertson 

Sarah  Collins  Robertson 

Russell  M.  Robinson  II 

Sally  Dalton  Robinson 

CONTINUED  NEXT  PAGE 


m 


DUKE 

ANNUAL 

FUND 


♦  Local  treasures  like 
the  Sarah  P.  Duke 
Gardens,  the  Nasher 
Museum  of  Art, 
and  the  Ouke  Chapel 


Joe  J.  Robnett,  Jr. 
Sally-Christine  Rodgers 

Bruce  L.  Rogers 
Sally  K.Rogers 
Michele  Metrinko  Rollins 
James  Harris  Rooney 
Jennifer  O'Connor  Rooney 
Andrew  Stephen  Rosen 
Marcelle  Abell  Rosen 
Carol  Rosner 
Steven  Craig  Rosner 
Alfred  K.  Ross 
Donald  K.Ross 
Helen  K.  Ross 
Thomas  D.  Rowe,  Jr. 
Sally  German  Rucker 
Carl  E.  Rudiger 
Gregory  James  Ruffa 
Michael  C.  Russ 
Mary  Louise  Russell 
Philip  E.Russell 
Mark  William  Ryan 
Helen  ZimmerlySacha 
John  F.  Sacha 
Joseph  A.  Saldutti 
Lynne  Faylor  Saldutti 
Alan  R.  Saltiel 
Swanna  Cameron  Saltiel 
George  J.  Sanders,  Jr. 
Marianne  Turtle  Sanders 
Kelly  M.Sandulli 
Richard  Parsons  Sandulli 
Wendy  Cramer  Sanford 
Geetha  Rao  Sant 
Timothy  S.Sant 
Kathleen  M.  Sanzo 
Heather  Johnson  Sargent 
Robert  C.Sauer 
Jeanne  Shapiro  Savitt 
Robert  Lewis  Savitt 
Adrian  Sawczuk 
Cornelia  Urban  Sawczuk 
Margaret  Schaftel 
Michael  Scott  Schaftel 
A.  Daniel  Scheinman 
Zoe  Scheinman 
W.  Russell  Scheirman  II 
Phillip  J.  Schemel 
Joanne  Schiabor 
Scott  P.  Schiabor 
Kelly  Jackson  Schnabel 
Philip  Joe  Schubert 
Diane  Schwartz 
Jared  Naphtali  Schwartz 
Michael  J.Schwartz 
Phyllis  J.  Schwartz 
Joyce  Alaine  Scott 
Thomas  H.  Sear 
John  E.  Seddelmeyer 
Sarah  R.Seddelmeyer 


Mary  Duke  Biddle  Trent  Semans 
Stacy  Leigh  Sempier 
Fred  A.  Shabel 
Irene  M.Shabel 
Marcy  K.  Shack 
William  Peter  Shack 
Virginia  Finley  Shannon 
Celestea  Gentry  Sharp 
Mary  Ann  Shea 
Margaret  Allan  Sheehan 
Jesse  M.  Shefferman 
Robert  Gregory  Shepler 
Kathryn  Eng  Sherman 
Nicholas  Henry  Sherman 
Matthew  Ford  Sherwood 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  Ned  L.  Sherwood 
Mark  L.  Shifke 
Patricia  Wiener  Shifke 
Neal  Masaki  Shinsato 
Aubrey  Courtney  Shives,  Jr. 
Steven  R.  Shoemate 
Jennifer  K.  Silver 
Pamela  Kaye  Silverman 
Caroline  Mary  Simko 
Fredrika  C.  Simmons 
Katherine  Larkin  Simon 
Kurt  Norman  Simon 
Leonard  Bruce  Simon 
Elizabeth  B.Simpson 
Walter  W.  Simpson  III 
Aditi  Singh 

Shivinder  Mohan  Singh 
CarolC.  Sloan 
Cyrus  Hamilton  Sloan 
0.  Temple  Sloan,  Jr. 
Ann  Crandall  Sloan 
Beverly  Markham  Small 
Gaston  E.  Small,  Jr. 
Barbara  Crnekovic  Smit 

Neil  Smit,  Jr. 
Charles!  Smith,  Jr. 

Gordon  L.  Smith,  Jr. 

Greg  H.Smith 
Janis  L.  Smith 

Marc  Taintor  Smith 

Robert  D.  Snell 

Steven  Jay  Snider 

David  Bruce  Snow,  Jr. 

Elizabeth  Stewart  Snowdon 

Robert  Dean  Snyder 

Swen  C.  Soderstrom,  Jr. 

Gordon  D.  Soenksen 

Patricia  Ann  Soenksen 

Audrey  Burton  Solnit 

George  deLanceySoule 

Nancy  Kaneb  Soule 

Mary  Rhamstine  Spain 

David  P.  Spearman 

Patricia  A.  Spearman 

Elaine  Specter 

Howard  Specter 

Steven  Edward  Spetnagel 

Joanne  0.  Spillane 

Richard  A.  Spillane 

Jeffrey  I.  Spiritos 

Charles  Arthur  Stark 

Julie  A.Stark 

Alison  D.  Stearns 

Neal K.  Stearns 

Frederick  William  Steckler 

Raymond  Francis  Steitz 

Alexander  Franz  Stern 

Jeanette  Stern 

Timothy  Maltby  Stevens,  Jr. 

Victoria  K.  Stevens 


William  F.Stevens 

Walter  William  Stoeppelwerth  III 

Frances  Robertson  Stroh 

Daniel  Joseph  Sullivan,  Jr. 

J.  Blake  Sullivan 

Jean  Farrell  Sullivan 

Mimi  R.Sullivan 

Stephen  J.  Sullivan 

Alan  Mark  Talpalar 

Cheryl  Rachel  Singer  Talpalar 

MelvinS.Taub 

David  K.Taylor,  Jr. 

David  Scott  Taylor 

George  S.Taylor 

Marsha  Hellard  Taylor 

Robert  C.Taylor 

Teddy  J.  Taylor 

Carol  Susan  Tedman 

Gregg  Stuart  Tenser 

Carolyn  Thomas 

Leanna  Matthews  Thomas 

Timothy  Sands  Thompson 

Elisabeth  GindratThorington 

Neil  Hugh  Tofsky 

Pam  Tofsky 

John  T.  Tolsma 

NgukPingTong 

David  Lawrence  Trautman 

Joan  Young  Trautman 

David  A.  Trice 

Kathy  Holland  Trice 

Karen  W.Triplett 

Neal  Finley  Triplett 

Donald  H.Turnbull 

Daniel  J.Tyukody,  Jr. 

Sandra  A.  Urie 

Sue  Ellen  Utley 

Margaret  RapoportVanAndel 

James  Edward  Vanek,  Jr. 

Christian  Van  Thillo 

Jeremy  M.  Veit 

Julie  OttoboniVeit 

Edward  Miller  Verner 

JohnV.Verner 

Sally  Prosser  Verner 

John  K.  Villa 

Charles  E.  Virgin 

Judith  Montgomery  Vogel 

William  A.  Vogel 

Robert  Rudolph  Wahl 

Ann  Harris  Walker 

Clarence  W.Walker 

DonaldS.  Wall 

Ursula  Petre  Wall 

Laura  Dex  Wallace 

James  V.Walsh 

Michael  Sherman  Walsh,  Jr. 

Patricia  F.  Walsh 

Marion  Theresa  Rucker  Watkins 

Seth  Alain  Watkins 

Elaine  McWhorter  Watson 

William  E.Watson 

Audrey  York  Weil 

Kenneth  Mark  Weil 

George  Weinberger 

Susan  P.  Weinberger 

Clifford  Mark  Weiner 

Carol  ReidyWeingart 

Jon  David  Weingart 

ViG.Weinstein 

Karen  Reid  Weiss 

Christine  Hayes  Weller 

Jeffrey  Micheal  Weller 

Corinne  Dimou  Welsh 

Scott  Thomson  Welsh 


Floyd  L.Wergeland,  Jr. 
Kim  William  West 
MarkWhittakerWhalen 
John  Charles  Whistler 
Dana  Harrington  White 
Michael  James  White 
Gerald  R.  Whitt 
Chris  Whittle 
James  Frederick  Wickett 
Richard  Hackney  Wiegmann 
Earl  L  Wiener 
Sally  Wiener 
Frank  Eugene  Wierengo 
Jennifer  Scheid  Williams 
Kathleen  McConnell  Williams 
R.Sanders  Williams 
Rebecca  Hubert  Williams 
Rhys  Hoyle  Williams 
Dan  Hall  Willoughby,  Jr. 
Katherine  Getzen  Willoughby 
Brian  BakarWilsey 
Susan  Wilson 
William  W.Wilson 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  Tom  K.Wolfe 
ErnaA.P.Womble 
William  F.Womble,  Jr. 
Brooksley  Spence  Wylie 
James  Andrew  Wylie 
Michael  Takashi  Yamamoto 
JohnM.Yarborough 
John  C.Yates 
Ellen  Cobb  Yates 
MagdalenaYesil 
Harold  Lionel  Yoh  III 
Michael  H.Yoh 
Sharon  Crutcher Yoh 
James  W.Young 
Margaret  Vernon  Young 
Stephen  G.Young 
Nancy  Lynn  Yu 
Anne  Louise  Zachry 
Seth  Michael  Zeidman 
Jonathan  Marc  Zeitler 
Jeffrey  Dunston  Zients 
MaryMenellZients 
Herbert  J.  Zimmer 
RonnaT.Zimmer 
Bruce  Edward  Zimmerman 
Laura  Z.Volk  Zimmerman 
Audrey  Zambetti  Zinman 
Richard  Scott  Zinman 
Nancy  LevineZisk 
Robert  Louis  Zisk 
JoAnn  L.  Zuercher 


III 


DUKE 

ANNUAL 

FUND 


Every  effort  has  been  made  to  assure 
the  accuracy  of  this  listing.  If  you  find  an 
error,  please  contact  Pam  Jones  at 
pam.a.jones@duke.edu  or  919-684-4419. 


Alumni  Register 


www.dukealumni.com 


Here  comes  the  neighborhood:  residents  and 

friends  of  Big  Funk,  an  off-campus  gathering  spot,  in  1970. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     November-December  2008         55 


■ 


/-•* 


4 

^  7    >        ; 


^^ 


"it's  so  exciting  to  meet  these  talented  people  f 
as  they  begin  their  Duke  careers.' 


ANN    PELHAM    T'74 


Alumni  Register 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     November-December  2008  57 


Alumni  Register 


Star  Volunteers 

The  Duke  Alumni  Association  and  the 
Annual  Fund  will  present  Charles  A. 
Dukes  Awards  to  six  alumni  and 
friends  for  outstanding  volunteer  ser- 
vice to  the  university.  The  awards,  named 
for  the  late  Dukes  '29,  director  of  the  alum- 
ni-affairs office  from  1944  to  1963,  honor 
individuals  who  reflect  his  dedication  to  the 
university.  Dukes  award  winners  are  select- 
ed by  the  DAA  board  of  directors  and  the 
executive  committee  of  the  Annual  Fund. 

This  year's  recipients  are  A.  Joe  Delgado 
'93;  R.  Ross  Harris  78,  M.B.A.  '80;  William 
P.  Miller  77;  Mark  E.  Stalnecker  73;  Robert 
Taylor  '49,  LL.B.  '52;  and  Mike  and  Robin 
Zafirovski,  Duke  parents. 

Delgado  is  a  private  equity  investor  with 
CCMP  Capital  in  New  York.  A  member  of 
the  Annual  Fund  executive  committee  since 
2006,  he  served  on  the  class  gift  committee 
for  his  tenth  reunion,  chaired  that  commit- 
tee for  his  fifteenth  reunion,  and  was  a  key 
volunteer  on  the  Young  Alumni  Develop- 
ment Council  in  2002. 

Delgado  says  he  volunteers  to  "stay  con- 
nected to  this  dynamic  institution  and  its 
wonderful  community.  I  enjoy  working  with 
other  volunteers  who  share  a  similar  passion 
for  Duke  and  gratitude  for  the  time  they 
spent  there." 

Harris,  who  lives  in  Greensboro,  has  served 
in  a  number  of  volunteer  positions  at  Duke. 
A  member  of  the  DAA  board  of  directors 
from  1988  to  1997,  she  was  president  from 
1995  to  1996  and  was  the  DAA  representa- 
tive to  Duke's  board  of  trustees  in  1996  and 
1997-  She's  also  been  on  the  Alumni  Ad- 
missions Advisory  Committee  since  1981. 
Harris  has  chaired  the  Comprehensive  Can- 
cer Center's  citizens'  advisory  council  since 
2004  and  is  a  member  of  its  patient  support 
program.  She  was  a  member  of  the  Terry 
Sanford  Institute  of  Public  Policy's  advisory 
board  from  1998  to  2001  and  was  co-chair 
of  her  30th  reunion  in  April  2008. 

"Volunteering  for  Duke  has  been  one  of 
the  great  joys  of  my  life,"  says  Harris.  "It's 
been  a  wonderful  way  to  stay  connected  to 
old  friends  and  to  meet  new  ones.  Without 


Selections  from  University  Archives 


These  days,  Duke's  under- 
graduate admissions  offi- 
cers find  themselves  sifting 
through  piles  of  applications 
that  represent  every  state,  as  well 
as  dozens  of  foreign  countries. 
But  this  was  not  always  the  case. 
A  century  ago,  before  Duke  was 
even  Duke,  many  admitted  stu- 
dents received  their  pre-college 
training  right  here  on  campus. 
Before  moving  to  Durham  in 
1 892,  Trinity  College,  Duke's  pred- 
ecessor, had  operated  a  preparatory 
school  in  its  Randolph  County  lo- 


cation, in  part  to  help  ready  students 
for  the  rigors  of  college.  After  the 
move,  administrators  soon  set  to 
work  to  create  a  Durham  prep-school 
counterpart.  Under  the  direction  of 
the  college,  Trinity  Park  School 
opened  in  1898  on  the  northern 
edge  of  present-day  East  Campus. 

Originally,  the  school  served 
the  important  function  of  annual- 
ly providing  fresh  crops  of  well- 
qualified  first-years.  But  as  the 
public-school  system  grew  in 
North  Carolina,  Trinity  Park's 
enrollment  started  to  fall.  By  the 


summer  of  1 922,  the  board  of 
trustees  decided  to  close  the 
school  and  use  the  buildings  for 
the  burgeoning  undergraduate 
class  of  Trinity  College. 

In  Trinity  and  Duke,  1892-1924: 
Foundations  of  Duke  University, 
Earl  W.  Porter  writes  of  the  school: 
"It  had  held  the  line  for  Trinity  un- 
til the  public  schools  could  arrive." 

One  of  the  few  physical  rem- 
nants of  the  school  is  Bivins  Hall, 
the  red-brick  building  that  now 
holds  theater  department  offices 
as  well  as  staff  and  faculty  offices 


question,  I  feel  that  I  get  far  more  back  from 
my  volunteer  activities  than  I  give.  I  can't 
imagine  what  my  life  would  be  like  without 
Duke." 

Miller  lives  in  Greensboro  and  is  a  part- 
ner in  the  law  firm  of  Roberson  Haworth  &. 
Reese.  He  joined  the  DAA  board  of  direc- 
tors in  1998,  was  on  its  executive  commit- 
tee from  2001  to  2007,  and  was  president 
from  2004  to  2006.  In  his  capacity  as  a  for- 
mer DAA  board  president,  Miller  was  a 
member  of  Duke's  board  of  trustees  from 
2004  to  2007.  He  is  a  past  president  of  the 


Duke  Club  of  High  Point  (North  Carolina), 
interviewed  prospective  students  for  the 
Alumni  Admissions  Advisory  Committee 
for  more  than  twenty  years,  and  was  class 
co-chair  for  his  30th  reunion  in  2007. 

Miller's  family  legacy  at  Duke  includes 
his  father,  Walter  Miller  '47,  and  son,  Alex 
Miller  '12.  He  says  he  volunteers  for  his 
alma  mater  "because  each  time  I  reach  out 
and  touch  Duke,  I  find  my  life  enhanced. 
The  incredible  ties  we  all  have  as  alumni 
begin  during  our  student  years  on  campus. 
Those  ties  become  stronger  and  more  mean- 


\vw\v.dukemaga:ine.duke.edu 


for  the  dance  and  Duke  in  New  York 
arts  and  media  programs.  Bivins 
was  originally  built  as  a  dormitory 
and  named  for  Trinity  Park  School's 
first  headmaster,  Joseph  F.  Bivins. 
The  current  Branson  theater  build- 
ing was  constructed  using  materi- 
als recycled  from  the  school's  orig- 
inal Branson  Hall,  which  was  torn 
down  in  1935. 
The  prep  school's  small  campus 


also  included  the  Asbury  Building, 
which  was  located  near  the  site  of 
the  present-day  Mary  Duke  Biddle 
Music  Building  and  was  demol- 
ished in  1974,  and  Lanier  Hall, 
York  Dining  Hall,  and  the  Harnett 
and  Drummond  buildings,  all  of 
which  either  burned  down  or  were 
razed  in  the  1920s  and  1930s. 

—rimPyatt'81 
University  Archivist 


Early  beginnings:  Trinity 
Park  School  students 
relax  in  their  dorm  room, 
opposite;  Branson  Hall, 
above,  was  razed  in  1935; 
Asbury  Building,  left, 
served  as  school's  main 
academic  building  and 
was  original  site  of  Duke's 
civil-  and  electrical- 
engineering  department. 


ingful  as  we  become  volunteers. ...  When  I 
interact  with  students,  faculty,  alumni, 
administrators,  and  staff  of  the  university,  I 
am  reminded  of  Duke's  excellence." 

Stalnecker  is  chief  investment  officer  at 
the  University  of  Delaware,  has  chaired  five 
of  his  class  reunion  campaigns,  has  chaired 
the  Annual  Fund  executive  committee,  and 
has  been  a  longtime  member  of  the  Alumni 
Admissions  Advisory  Committee.  He  is  mar- 
ried to  Duke  trustee  Susan  Matamoros  Stal- 
necker 73;  they  have  two  children,  Andrew 
Stalnecker  '06  and  Erica  Stalnecker  '06. 


"Duke  had  an  exceptionally  positive  im- 
pact on  my  intellectual  and  social  develop- 
ment," says  Stalnecker.  "As  a  result,  I've  al- 
ways wanted  to  stay  connected  to  Duke  and 
repay  what  Duke  gave  me.  I  also  want  to  do 
what  I  can  to  ensure  that  the  best  possible 
Duke  experience  is  available  to  future  gen- 
erations of  Duke  students." 

Taylor  is  president  of  the  law  firm  Taylor 
Lohmeyer  Corrigan,  in  Dallas.  He  chaired 
the  Dallas/Fort  Worth  Alumni  Admissions 
Advisory  Committee  from  1967  to  2007 
and  was  a  board  member  of  the  Duke  Club 


of  Dallas  from  1970  to  1995.  "For  more  than 
thirty  years,  alumni  groups  in  Dallas  have 
described  Duke  as  a  'joyful'  place,"  he  says. 
"It  was  a  joy  to  attend  Duke.  It  has  been  a 
joy  to  watch  Duke  grow  from  an  excellent 
regional  university  to  a  great  educational 
institution  consistently  ranked  in  the  top 
ten  in  the  U.S.  It  is  a  joy  to  help  Duke 
expand  its  greatness  for  the  benefit  of  future 
generations  of  students." 

Mike  Zafirovski  is  chief  executive  officer 
of  Nortel  Networks.  He  and  his  wife,  Robin 
Zafirovski,  have  served  as  national  chairs  of 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     November-December  2008 


59 


the  Duke  Parents'  Committee  and  as  mem- 
bers of  the  Annual  Fund  executive  commit- 
tee for  the  past  two  years.  They  have  three 
children,  including  Matt  Zafirovski  '08. 

"Serving  Duke  has  been  a  fantastic  way 
to  support  and  connect  with  our  son's 
school,"  says  Mike  Zafirovski.  "We  truly 
admire  Duke's  ability  and  commitment  to 
develop  engaged  and  capable  citizens,  and 
we  believe  in  the  promise  of  its  future." 

Writing  Connections 

When  Caitlin  McLaughlin  signed  up 
for  Ed  Tower's  economics  course 
on  international  trade  and  devel- 
opment this  past  spring,  she  got 
more  than  she  bargained  for — in  the  best 
possible  sense.  Thanks  to  a  new  Duke  proj- 
ect, McLaughlin  '08  ended  up  with  an  invi- 


To  nominate  someone  for  the  DAA  board 
jf  directors,  go  to  www.boardnom.dukealumni.com  and  complete  the 
jnline  form.  Or  you  can  send  names  and  qualifications  (no  self-nominations, 
)lease)  to  Sterly  Wilder  '83,  Executive  Director,  Alumni  Affairs,  Box  90572, 
>urham,  NC  27708;  sterly.wilder@daa.duke.edu.  The  deadline  is  March  1. 


tation  for  dinner — in  Hanoi,  Vietnam,  with 
Myla  Taylor  Williams  75,  Country  Program 
Coordinator  for  Vietnam  at  the  World  Bank. 

McLaughlin  met  Williams  when  both 
chose  to  participate  in  the  Reader  Project,  a 
joint  initiative  between  Duke's  Writing  in 
the  Disciplines  program  and  the  Duke 
Alumni  Association  (DAA).  The  Reader 
Project  matches  students  who  are  working 
on  class  writing  assignments  and  Duke 
alumni  and  staff  members  with  expertise  in 
the  topic  students  are  writing  about.  These 
readers  give  the  students  valuable  feedback 
on  their  drafts  from  the  perspective  of  a  pro- 
fessional in  the  field. 

The  project  was  the  brainchild  of  Cary 
Moskovitz,  director  of  the  Writing  in  the 


Disciplines  program,  who,  over  the  past  few 
years,  has  been  tapping  local  health-care 
experts  to  provide  feedback  for  students  in 
his  health-science-oriented  writing  class. 

In  2007,  Moskovitz  approached  the  DAA 
about  expanding  the  program  by  inviting 
alumni  from  around  the  country  to  partici- 
pate. "The  DAA  is  always  looking  for  new 
ways  to  engage  alums,"  says  George  Dorf- 
man  '85,  A.M.  '01,  associate  director  of 
alumni  affairs.  "The  Reader  Project  offered 
an  opportunity  for  alumni  to  connect  in  an 
unusual  way — through  their  areas  of  expert- 
ise," he  says.  "And  we  thought  helping  stu- 
dents improve  their  writing  would  be  ap- 
pealing to  alumni  and  educationally  benefi- 
cial to  the  students." 


60 
70 
80 

Annuity:  5.5% 

6.1% 
7.6% 

Annuity  rates  are 
subject  to  change. 
Once  your  gift  is 

70/68 
76/73 

Annuity:  5.6% 

5.9% 

made,  the  annuity 
rate  remains  fixed. 

When  you  make  a  giff  of  $10,000  or  more, 
Duke  can  offer  you  (and/or  your  loved  ones) 
a  fixed  income  for  life.  A  charitable  gift  annuity 
will  also  generate  a  tax  deduction  and  can 
reduce  capital  gains.  Your  ages,  your  financial 
needs,  and  current  interest  rates  determine  the 
annuity  rate  Duke  can  offer.  Some  sample  ra 

Your  Age: 


Your  Ages: 


To  learn  more  about  life  income  gifts  and 
other  "tax-wise"  giving  opportunities,  visit 
giving.duke.edu/giftplanning  or  contact: 


Duke  University  Office  of  Gift  Planning 

Box  90600,  Durham,  NC  27708 
Phone  (919)681-0464 
Fax      (919)684-9731 
mail   gift.planning@dev.duke.edu 


www.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


The  DAA  agreed  to  participate  in  a 
pilot  program,  which  was  launched  in 
four  courses  over  the  spring  semester.  A 
grant  from  Duke's  Center  for  Instruc- 
tional Technology  provided  students  and 
alumni  with  webcams  that  allowed  for 
more  personalized  interaction.  Partici- 
pants in  the  project  began  with  an  intro- 
ductory meeting — in  person  or,  more  of- 
ten, via  webcam — that  gave  them  a 
chance  to  get  to  know  each  other  and  dis- 
cuss the  student's  project.  Some  readers 
worked  with  an  individual  student;  oth- 
ers, with  a  small  group. 

Next,  the  students  sent  drafts  to  their 
alumni  readers  for  critiquing.  After  revis- 
ing the  drafts,  the  students  met  again  with 
their  readers  to  determine  what  was  work- 
ing and  what  needed  additional  attention. 

Alumni  volunteers  who  participated  in 
the  pilot  project  brought  a  wide  range  of 
professional  experience. 

For  example,  Laura  Yonce  Ph.D.  '93,  a 
manager  in  the  cardiovascular  division  of 
a  biotechnology  company,  helped  a  stu- 
dent who  was  writing  her  senior  chem- 
istry thesis  on  a  genetic  study  of  a  poten- 
tially harmful  fungus.  Elana  Varon  A.M. 
'91,  executive  editor  of  CIO  magazine, 
worked  with  a  pair  of  students  doing  a 
case  study  of  General  Motors  for  a  course 
in  the  history  of  American  business.  And 
Lyn  Sedwick  M.D.  78,  who  serves  on  the 
editorial  board  of  the  Journal  of  Neuro- 
Ophthalmology,  gave  feedback  to  a  group 
of  students  co-authoring  a  paper  on  a 
medically  related  topic  for  their  Writing 
20  course. 

Given  the  positive  response  from  both 
students  and  readers,  the  Writing  in  the 
Disciplines  Program  and  the  DAA  plan  to 
expand  the  program  this  spring  to  include 
students  in  eight  classes.  In  addition,  the 
DAA,  Trinity  College,  and  the  Office  of 
the  Dean  of  Undergraduate  Studies  have 
created  a  new  position  to  administer  the 
two-year  pilot  program.  Alumni  interest- 
ed in  participating  in  the  program  should 
contact  Beth  Higgins  '07,  networking 
coordinator  for  the  alumni  association,  at 
.duke.edu. 


Class  Notes 


WRITE:  Class  Notes  Editor,  Duke  Magazine, 

Box  90572,  Durham,  N.C.  27708 

FAX:  (919)  681-1659  (typed  only,  please) 

E-MAIL:  dukemag@duke.edu 

(Include  your  full  name,  address,  and  class  year.) 

CHANGE  OF  ADDRESS:  Alumni  Records,  Box  90581, 
Durham,  N.C.  27708.  Please  include  mailing  label. 

E-MAIL  ADDRESS  CHANGES  TO:  bluedevil@duke.edu 

NOTICE:  Because  of  the  volume  of  class  note  material 
we  receive  and  the  long  lead  time  required  for  typeset- 
ting, design,  and  printing,  your  submission  may  not 
appear  for  three  to  four  issues.  Alumni  are  urged  to 
include  spouses'  names  in  marriage  and  birth 
announcements.  We  do  not  record  engagements. 

Half-Century  Club 

Walter  "Pat"  Dungan  '50  had  a  literacy  fund 
established  in  his  name  by  the  Literacy  Volunteers  of 
Roanoke  Valley,  Va.  Dungan  is  a  founder,  past  presi- 
dent of  the  hoard  of  directors,  and  the  longest-serving 
hoard  member  of  the  organization.  A  World  War  II 
veteran,  he  retired  from  the  General  Electric  Co. 
after  33  years.  He  and  his  wife,  Lihby,  have  four  chil- 
dren and  five  grandchildren. 

E.  Robert  "Scottie"  Fraser  '57  has  published 
his  second  hook,  No  More  Small  Talk,  a  novel  about  a 
man  "who  is  talked  into  running  for  the  presidency 
by  a  group  of  Duke  students  dissatisfied  with  the 
other  presidential  contenders."  He  lives  in  Vero 
Beach,  Fla. 

Margaret  Howlett  Ordoubadian  '57  was  rec- 
ognized for  her  dedication  and  accomplishments  as 
an  English  professor  at  Middle  Tennessee  State 
University,  particularly  in  the  field  of  children's  liter- 
ature. The  university's  writing  center  and  an  award 
for  graduate  students  will  be  named  after  her.  She 
taught  there  for  nearly  40  years. 


50th  Reunion  April  17-19 


1960s 

Robert  Charles  Waters  '61  joined  King  6k 
Spalding  as  an  associate  and  will  be  practicing  law  ir 
the  firm's  Washington  office.  He  focuses  on  a  variety 
of  health-industry  topics. 

William  W.  Reinhardt  '62,  A.M.  '64,  Ph.D.  '69 
retired  from  Randolph-Macon  College  in  Ashland, 
Va.,  in  May  after  41  years  teaching  the  history  of 
India  and  the  British  Empire  and  Commonwealth,  a: 
well  as  a  wide  variety  of  related  courses.  He  lives  in 
Richmond. 

Dale  Volberg  Reed  '63  published  Holy  Smoke: 
The  Big  Book  of  North  Carolina  Barbecue  with  her  hus 
band  and  co-author  John  S.  Reed.  The  book  explore 
the  lore,  recipes,  traditions,  and  people  who  have 
helped  shape  the  state's  signature  slow-food  dish. 


Duke  Alumni  Association 

Board  of  Directors,  2008-09 

President:  Ann  Pelham  74 

Secretary-Treasurer:  Sterly  L.  Wilder  '83 

Past  President:  Thomas  C.  Clark  '69 

Vice  Presidents: 

Matthew  F.  Bostock  '91,  Ann  Wooster  Elliott  '88 

Amy  Schick  Kenney  '96,  M.E.M  '98,  Anne  DeVoe  Lawler  '75, 

Carmichael  Roberts  Jr.  '90,  Ph.D.  '95,  Hardy  Vieux  '93 

Duke  Magazine  Editorial  Advisory  Board  representative: 

Sarah  Hardesty  Bray '72 

Directors-at-large: 

Nelson  C.  Bellido  '89,  D.  Michael  Bennett  '77 

Emily  Busse  Bragg  78 

Julie  Borger  Ferguson '81 

Artyn  Haig  Gardner  73,  William  T.  Graham  '56 

Stacey  Maya  Gray  '95,  Peter  C.  Griffith  78 

Roseann  Viscomi  Hassey  '83,  Jeffrey  C.  Howard  76 

Theodore  J.  Humphrey  II  B.S.M.E.  '62 

Jeremiah  O.Norton '00 

Lee  H.  Roberts  '90,  Suzanne  M.  Rose  '94 

John  D.  Ross  Jr.  '92,  Dawn  M.  Taylor  '89 

MelviaL.  Wallace '85,  James  V.Walsh  74 

Samuel  W.Wang '86 

Professional  school  representatives: 

Carmichael  Roberts  Jr.  '90,  Ph.D.  '95 

Graduate  School  of  Arts  and  Sciences 
Wyman  Fraser  Davis  '87,  M.Div.  '95,  Divinity  School 
Elizabeth  W.  Parker  M.B.A.  '85,  Fuqua  School  of  Business 
Amy  Schick  Kenney '96,  M.E.M. '98 

Nicholas  School  of  the  Environment 
Timothy  R.  Davis  B.S.E.  '92,  Pratt  School  of  Engineering 
J.  Porter  Durham  Jr.  '83,  J.D.  '85,  School  of  Law 
William  Cooke  Andrews  Jr.  76,  M.D.  '80,  School  of  Medicine 
Martha  Cohn  Romney  B.S.N.  77,  School  of  Nursing 
Michael  J.  Schwartz  M.H.A.  71,  J.D. '82, 

Graduate  Program  in  Health  Administration 
Holly  Eggert  Duchene  D.P.T.  '03, 
Graduate  Program  in  Physical  Therapy 
Faculty  representatives: 

Thomas  W.  Robisheaux  74,  Associate  Professor  of  History 
James  N.Siedow, 

Professor  of  Biology  and  Vice  Provost  for  Research 
Student  representatives: 
Alethea  Duncan  G  '12, 

President,  Graduate  and  Professional  Student  Council 
Honorary  members: 

N.  Allison  Haltom  72,  William  E.  King  '61,  A.M.  '63,  Ph.D.  70 
Suzanne  J.  Wasiolek  '76,  M.H.A.  '78,  LLM.  '93 
Gerald  L.  Wilson  B.D.  '61,  A.M.  '68 


Presidents,  School  and  College  Alumni  Associations 

David  K.  Bucey  M.Div.  76  Divinity  School 

Robin  Tenkate  M.B.A.  '03,  Fuqua  School  of  Business 

Heather  Nixon  Stevenson  M.E.M. '83 

Nicholas  School  of  the  Environment 
Timothy  R.  Davis  B.S.E.  '92,  Pratt  School  of  Engineering 
Kodwo  P.  Ghartey-Tagoe  J.D.  '88,  School  of  Law 
Mary  E.  Klotman  76,  M.D.  '80  School  of  Medicine 
Connie  Bossons  Bishop  B.S.N.  75,  School  of  Nursing 
Michael  J.  Schwartz  M.H.A.  71,  J.D. '82, 

Graduate  Program  in  Health  Administration 
Holly  Eggert  Duchene  D.P.T. '03 

Graduate  Program  in  Physical  Therapy 


MINI-PROFILE 

Joan  Holmquist  Smith  '64, 
A.M.  '65,  watching 
over  utilities 

Joan  Smith  says  she's  proof 
that  "a  good  liberal-arts 
education  can  take  you  any- 
where."A  one-time  high- 
school  French  teacher  who  earned 
undergraduate  and  graduate  de- 
grees in  the  language,  Smith  served 
more  than  twelve  years  on  the 
Oregon  Public  Utility  Commission 
and  now  advises  utility  regulators 
in  sub-Saharan  Africa. 

Smith  was  appointed  to  Oregon's 
commission  in  1990.  One  of  three 
commissioners,  she  helped  oversee 
the  regulation  of  the  state's  investor- 
owned  utilities,  which  are  official 


lie's  interest  and,  Smith  says,  the 
corporation  in  question  wasn't  es- 
pecially cooperative. 

Ultimately,  the  commission 
allowed  the  corporation,  the  now- 
bankrupt  Enron,  to  buy  Portland 
General,  but  stipulated  that  it 
couldn't  take  the  assets  out  of  the 
utility.  "We  told  them  we  hadn't 
just  fallen  off  the  turnip  truck,  and 
they  had  to  play  by  our  rules," says 
Smith.  As  a  result,  when  Enron  col- 
lapsed, the  utility  was  still  able  to 
stand  on  its  own.  Today,  Portland 
General  Electric  continues  to  serve 
some  1.5  million  customers. 

After  retiring  from  the  commis- 
sion in  2003,  Smith  became  a  con- 
sultant to  the  government  of 
Rwanda.  She  spent  three  weeks 
there,  advising  officials  on  regula- 
tory issues.  Virtually  all  of  the 


carry  on  or  train."  Her  role,  she 
explains,  was  "to  say,  Here's  the 
reality,  and  you  can  do  it.  And  here 
are  a  few  tools  that  will  help  you, 
and  here  are  some  resources  you 
can  use  to  keep  going." 

Since  then,  Smith  has  traveled 
to  other  African  countries,  consult- 
ing on  different  regulatory  issues  in 
each.  She's  led  executive-training 
workshops  for  regulatory  commis- 
sioners in  Lesotho  and  South 
Africa.  She  went  to  Nigeria  to  help 
promote  collaborations  between 
different  African  countries  so  they 
could  carry  cell  traffic  from  one 
nation  to  the  next  without  charg- 
ing customers  twice. 

In  October,  she  planned  to  make 
her  third  trip  to  Ethiopia  to  consult 
with  regulators  who  are  deciding 
whether  to  keep  the  phone 


Reunion  April  17-19 


George  S.  Friedman  A.M.  '64,  Ph.D.  72  was 
honored  by  having  the  first  classroom  in  the  College 
of  Liberal  Arts  at  Towson  University  named  for  him. 
He  is  a  retired  professor  of  English. 

C.  Marcus  Harris  '65,  J.D.  72  will  serve  a  two-year 
term  as  a  vice  president  of  the  North  Carolina  Bar 
Association.  He  practices  law  with  Poyner  &  Spruill. 

Harry  C.  Boyte  '67  is  the  author  of  The  Citizen 
Solution:  How  You  Can  Make  a  Difference.  He  is  a  sen- 
ior fellow  at  the  Humphrey  Institute,  co-directot  of 
the  Center  for  Democracy  and  Citizenship,  and  a 
member  of  the  graduate  faculty  at  the  University  of 
Mil 


40th  Reunion  April  17-19 


Nelson  M.  Ford  '69  has  been  appointed  the  29th 
Undet  Sectetary  of  the  Army.  As  the  department's 
chief  management  officer,  he  shares  primary  responsi- 
bility for  overseeing  operation  of  the  Army,  which 
has  1.3  million  personnel  and  an  annual  budget  of 
$250  billion. 


1970s 


monopolies,  but  must,  in  exchange, 
serve  everyone.  The  commission 
approves  their  rates  and  makes  sure 
their  services  are  reliable. 

A  case  from  1997  highlights  the 
complexity  and  importance  of 
Smith's  role.  At  that  time,  a  large 
energy  corporation  decided  to  buy 
Portland  General  Electric,  a  utility 
company  serving  many  Oregonians. 
The  commission  had  to  determine 
whether  the  sale  was  in  the  pub- 


country's  infrastructure  had  been 
ripped  out  during  the  genocide 
that  took  place  in  the  mid-1 990s. 
After  wireless  technology  emerged, 
the  government  needed  to  decide 
whether  and  how  to  regulate  both 
the  new  business  and  the  old. 
By  the  time  Smith  arrived, 
previous  consultants  had  already 
"put  everything  down  on  paper," 
Smith  says.  "But  when  the  consult- 
ants go  home,  no  one  is  there  to 


monopolies  they  have  or  to  open 
up  their  marketplace. 

Smith  says  she  sees  a  lot  of  hope 
for  Africa.  "The  people  I  work  for 
are  bright  and  skilled  and  skillful. 
So  long  as  somebody  asks  me, 
I'll  go." 

— Lucas  Schaefer 


Schaefer  '04  is  a  freelance  writer 
living  in  Austin,  Texas. 


Steven  Naclerio  J.D.  71  has  joined  the  Richman 
Greer  law  firm  and  will  be  based  in  the  Miami  office. 
His  expertise  includes  high-net-wotth  individuals, 
corporate  counsel,  business  transactions,  and  business 
litigation. 

Charles  R.  Embry  Ph.D.  72  has  published  The 
Philosopher  and  The  Storyteller:  Eric  Voegelin  and 
I      Twentieth-Century  Literature,  the  first  book-length 
study  of  the  literary  dimensions  of  Voegelin's  philoso- 
phy. Embry  is  a  professor  ot  political  science  at  Texas 
A&M  University-Commerce. 

Paul  D.  Escott  A.M.  72,  Ph.D.  74  is  the  editor 
of  North  Carolinians  in  the  E?'a  of  the  Civil  War  and 
Reconstruction,  published  by  the  Univetsity  of  North 
Carolina  Press.  He  is  Reynolds  Professor  of  American 
history  and  a  former  dean  at  Wake  Forest  University. 

Robert  H.  Brinkmeyer  Jr.  73  is  the  author  of 

^      Fourth  Ghost:  White  Southern  Writers  and  European 
Fascism,  1930-1950,  published  by  the  Louisiana  State 
University  Ptess.  The  book  explores  how  Southern 
writets  of  the  1930s  and  1940s  responded  to  Fascism 
and  to  the  suggestion  that  the  racial  politics  of  Nazi 
Germany  had  a  particular  relevance  to  the  South  and 
its  segregated  social  system.  Brinkmeyer  is  a  professor 
of  English  and  Southern  studies  at  the  University  of 
2  South  Carolina. 

*1  PZ1   35th  Reunion  April  17-19 

Michael  A.  Brownlee  M.D.74  has  received  the 
David  Rumbough  Award  for  Scientific  Excellence 
from  the  Juvenile  Diabetes  Research  Foundation. 
The  award  recognizes  researchers  for  their  achieve- 
ment and  commitment  to  diabetes  research. 
Brownlee  is  the  Anita  and  Jack  Salt:  Professor  of  dia- 
betes research  at  Albert  Einstein  College  of  Medicine 
of  Yeshiva  University  in  New  York. 

Gary  S.  Lachman  74  has  joined  Hergiiner  Bilgen 
Ozeke,  a  law  firm  in  Istanbul,  Tutkey,  as  special  coun- 
sel on  international  law.  He  lives  in  Istanbul  with  his 
fiancee,  Dalia  Garih. 

Paul  Mandelkern  J.D.  74  was  quoted  in  the 
Florida  Medical  Business  newspaper  commenting  on  a 
Florida  Supreme  Court  case  that  questioned  the  con- 


62 


Jukemagazine.duke.edu 


stitutionality  of  a  local  legislative  act.  He  practices 
law  with  Lowndes,  Drosdick,  Dostet,  Kantor  &  Reed. 

Jon  A.  Sanford  74  is  the  director  of  the  Center 

for  Assistive  Technology  and  Environmental 
Access  at  Georgia  Tech's  College  of  Architecture. 
He  will  continue  in  his  role  as  the  co-director  of  the 
Rehabilitation  Engineering  Research  Center  on 
Workplace  Accommodations  and  continue  his  work 
as  a  research  architect. 

Elizabeth  E.  Foote  A.M.  75  is  the  68th  presi- 
dent of  the  Louisiana  State  Bar  Association.  She  is 
also  a  partner  in  Smith  Foote. 

Sharon  Louise  Smith  Ph.D.  75  was  appointed 
assistant  dean  of  undergraduate  studies  for  the 
Rosenstiel  School  of  Marine  and  Atmospheric 
Science.  She  is  also  a  professor  in  the  division  of 
marine  biology  and  fisheries  and  co-director  of  the 
Center  for  Oceans  and  Human  Health  at  the 
University  of  Miami. 

Laurette  L.  Hankins  76  has  been  named  associ- 
ate dean  for  development  and  alumni  relations  at  the 
Univetsity  of  Maryland  School  of  Nursing.  She  was 
previously  the  director  of  development  of  the  Wilmer 
Eye  Institute  at  the  Johns  Hopkins  University. 

Steve  Steinhilber  76  has  written  Strategic 
Alliances:  Three  Ways  to  Make  Them  Work,  published 
by  Harvard  Business  Press.  He  is  vice  president  of 
strategic  alliances  at  Cisco  Systems  Inc. 

Kim  Gallimore  77  will  serve  a  three-year  term 
on  the  North  Carolina  Bat  Association's  board  of 
governors.  Since  he  graduated  from  the  Wake  Forest 
University  School  of  Law  in  1980,  he  has  been  prac- 
ticing with  Wyatt  Early  Harris  Wheeler. 

Maureen  Demarest  Murray  77  was  named  an 
Outstanding  Hospital  Lawyer  by  Nightingale's  Health- 
care News.  She  is  a  partner  in  Smith  Moore  Leather- 
wood,  practicing  in  the  fitm's  Greensboro  office, 
and  focuses  on  penalty  appeals,  medical  ethics,  and 
corporate  compliance. 

Richard  A.  Samuels  A.M.  77  has  been  recognized 
for  his  service  to  the  New  Hampshire  Business  and 
Industry  Association.  He  is  chair  of  the  corporate 
group  at  the  law  firm  McLane,  Graf,  Raulerson  & 
Middleton  and  focuses  his  practice  in  corporate 
governance,  corporate  transactions,  and  secutities 
regulation. 

Ken  Waldman  77  is  the  author  of  Are  You 
Famous?  Touring  America  with  Alaska's  Fiddling  Poet, 
his  seventh  book.  He  also  performs  original  poetry 
and  storytelling  regularly. 


30th  Reunion  April  17-19 

Julia  L.  Frey  79  has  been  appointed  to  the  Florida 
Probate  Rules  committee.  She  is  a  partner  in  the  law 
offices  of  Lowndes,  Drosdick,  Doster,  Kantor  &  Reed 
in  Orlando,  Fla. 

John  R.  Hanger  79  was  appointed  secretary  of 
Pennsylvania's  Department  of  Environmental 
Protection.  He  is  also  the  president  and  chief  execu- 
tive officer  of  Citizens  for  Pennsylvania's  Future,  a 
statewide  environmenral  advocacy  group. 

Richard  J.  Pels  79  has  received  the  A.  Clifford 

Barger  Excellence  in  Mentoring  award  from  Harvard 
Medical  School,  where  he  is  an  assistant  professor. 
He  is  also  the  directot  of  gtaduate  medical  education 
at  Cambridge  Health  Alliance  and  oversees  the 
internal  medicine  residency  program. 

Cindy  Thompson-Rumple  79  won  the  2008 


Janet,  Carol  Woods  Resident 


Try  new  things.. 

And  Make  a  Difference! 

Carol  Woods'  residents  have  been  making  a 
difference  all  of  their  lives,  and  they're  not  about  to 
stop  any  time  soon. 

In  fact,  people  choose  to  live  at  Carol  Woods 
because  it  gives  them  the  independence  and  time 
they  want  for  the  things  that  matter...  both  to  them 
and  the  community  of  Chapel  Hill.  On  any  given 
day  you'll  find  Carol  Woods'  residents  doing 
everything  from  preserving  a  wildlife  habitat  to 
tutoring  a  child. 

Find  out  more  about  Carol  Woods  living.  Call  800- 
518-9333  with  questions  or  to  schedule  a  visit! 

elebrating  zy  Years  of  Learning,  Growing, 
d  Contributing 

G^OLWOODS 


ETIREMENT       COMMUNITY 


1-800-518-9333 


750  Weaver  Dairy  Rd.,  Chapel  Hill,  NC  27514  •  info@carolwoods.org  •  www.carolwoods.org 
Carol  Woods  is  an  accredited,  not-for-profit  community 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     Novcmlx-r-IVvmk-r  20CVS 


Once  upon  a  time,  family  meant  everything,  moments  were  precious, 
and  time  spent  together  created  memories  that  would  last  a  lifetime. 

At  a  very  special  place  in  Indian  Beach,  NC,  once-upon-a-time 
is  now.. .and  your  home,  with  its  distinctive  living  and  all 
that  it  offers,  is  without  worries,  full  of  freedom,  and 
boasts  a  view  that  brings  faraway  dreams  into  reach. 
Indulgences  are  yours  for  the  taking,  and  cares  are  a 
thing  of  the  past.  Welcome... to  Grande  Villas. 


Grande  Villas 

INDIAN  BEACH,  NC 


5-44 


(877)  845-4438    www.GVCondos.com 


'.I  i  I 


VIV 


Brenda  L.  Smart  Grand  Prize  in  the  N.C.  State 
University  Poetry  Contest.  Her  poem  "Post  Card  to 
Ravinna"  was  published  under  the  name  C.G. 
Thompson  in  Raleigh's  News  &  Observer.  Her  work 
has  also  appeared  in  Tar  River  Poetry  and  Cumberland 
V  vt>-\  Review. 


1980s 


Joia  M.  Johnson  '80  is  the  general  counsel  of 
Haneshrands,  the  corporation  that  oversees  brands 
such  as  Hanes,  Champion,  Playtex,  Wonderbra,  L'Eggs, 
and  Barely  There.  Before  joining  Hanesbtands,  she 
served  as  chief  legal  officer  for  companies  including 
RARE  Hospitality  International  and  H.J.  Russell  &  Co. 

Jeffrey  A.  Stocks  '82  has  become  CEO  of 

Gen-Tech  Construction,  a  company  that  specializes 
in  health-care  and  interior  construction.  He  was 
previously  CFO  and  general  counsel  of  Teal 
Construction. 

Arnold  Gene  Cobb  Jr.  M.Div.  '83  has  received  a 
doctor  of  ministry  degree  from  Hood  Theological 
Seminary  in  Salisbury,  N.C.  His  professional  project 
was  "Good  Sermon  Preacher,"  devoted  to  how  people 
in  the  pews  listen  to  sermons.  He  has  been  a  pastor  in 
the  North  Carolina  Annual  Conference  of  the  United 
Methodist  Chutch  since  1979  and  serves  Epworth 
United  Methodist  Chutch  in  Durham. 

]  25th  Reunion  April  17-19 

Nancy  Hill  Carlson  M.B.A.  '85  has  been  named 
vice  president  of  finance  for  Music  for  All  Inc., 

Indianapolis'  seconJ-lai"'je--t  pertorminc  arts  nonprof- 
it and  music-education  otganization. 

Donald  T.  Saunders  '85  is  a  captain  for  Southwest 
Aitlines  based  at  Baltimore-Washington  Interna- 
tional Airport.  He  lives  with  his  wife,  Cynthia,  and 
their  daughters,  Christina  and  Sarah,  and  son,  Ryan, 
in  Bedford,  N.H. 

Steven  Jay  Adolph  '88  has  completed  his  first 
year  as  CEO  of  the  Australian,  New  Zealand,  and 
Asian  divisions  of  Invacare,  a  global  manufacturet  of 
home  medical  equipment.  He  and  his  wife,  Josie,  live 
in  Sydney. 


20th  Reunion  April  17-19 


Devy  Patterson  Russell  'S9.J.D.  '91  was 
appointed  an  associate  judge  for  the  District  Court 
of  Maryland  for  Baltimore  in  January  2006  by 
the  governor. 

BIRTHS:  Third  child  and  first  son  to  Donald 
T.  Saunders  '85  and  Cynthia  Saunders  on 
April  7,  2006.  Named  Ryan... First  child  and  son  to 
Mehjabeen  "Jabeen"  Hayath  Dinzey  '88  anc 

Matthew  James  Dinzey  on  May  6,  2008.  Named 
Thomas  Ali. 


1990s 

Parker  A.  Duncan  '90  has  been  named  one  of  five 
Pisacano  Scholars  for  2008  and  will  receive  funding, 
leadership  ttaining,  and  additional  educational 
opportunities  from  the  Pisacano  Leadetship  Founda- 
tion. The  scholarship  is  awarded  to  outstanding 
foutth-year  medical  students  who  are  committed  to 
the  field  of  family  medicine  and  have  been  identified 
as  future  leaders.  In  addition  to  attending  medical 
school  at  the  University  ot  California-Irvine,  Duncan 


EarlEchardA.H.C.  73, 
community  health-care 
practitioner 

Earl  Echard's  patients  con- 
gregate outside  a  pair  of 
nondescript  brick  build- 
ings on  the  edge  of 
Durham's  downtown.  Some  suffer 
from  serious  untreated  health 
problems;  others  simply  haven't 
seen  the  inside  of  a  doctor's  office 
for  years.  Most  are  low-income; 
many  are  homeless.  Echard  and 
the  clinic  he  runs  offer  help — 
and  hope — in  addition  to  high- 
quality  medical  care. 

Three  evenings  a  week  for 
nearly  fifteen  years,  Echard  has 
staffed  a  combination  doctor's 
office  and  walk-in  street  clinic 
next  to  Urban  Ministries,  one  of 
Durham's  largest  shelters  and 
service  agencies.  He  takes  on  the 
health  needs  of  the  shelter's 
clients  without  compensation  for 
his  services. 

It's  a  tall  order:  With  only  a 
handful  of  no-frills  examination 
rooms  and  a  staff  of  one  full-time 
nurse,  Echard  cares  for  an  ever- 
shifting  and  notoriously  hard-to- 
serve  population  that  he  says 
"has  only  increased  in  numbers 
overtime." 

He  typically  treats  patients 
"with  myriad  health  problems  and 
a  history  of  substance  abuse,"  a 
clientele  that  sometimes  renders 
effective  treatment  frustrating 
and  can  often  make  his  night  clinic 
a  gritty,  rambunctious  affair. 

"You  get  the  obnoxious  drunks 
— they're  usually  friendly,  though, 
and  they  keep  things  interesting," 
says  Echard  with  a  slight  grin, 
describing  the  patients  he  might 
see  on  a  typical  evening.  "And  you 


do  get  the  ones  with  a  chip  on 
their  shoulders,"  who  are  combat- 
ive or  resistant  to  medical  care. 

Despite  a  litany  of  daily  chal- 
lenges, Echard  chooses  to  empha- 
size occasional  moments  of  grati- 
fication over  frequent  difficulties, 
and  says  he  is  often  impressed 
with  the  individuals  he  serves. 
"There  are  those  guys  that  really 
change,"  he  says.  "I've  had  patients 
return  to  the  clinic  and  tell  me 
that  this  is  their  tenth  year  of 
being  sober.  I've  had  others  bring 
their  sons  and  daughters  to  meet 
me.  They're  few  and  far  between, 
but  you  do  see  it." 

During  his  time  in  Duke's  Phy- 
sician Assistant  program,  Echard 
served  a  rotation  at  the  Lincoln 
Community  Health  Center,  a  clinic 
in  Durham  providing  care  to  low- 
income  individuals  (see  Duke 
Magazine,  July-August  2008). 
Impressed  by  what  he  saw,  he 
returned  to  work  for  Lincoln  upon 
graduating,  heading  a  satellite 
clinic  in  North  Durham.  "I  got  into 
this  at  the  end  of  an  era  of  people 
trying  to  help  people,  and  not 
really  minding  it,"  Echard  says. 

Involved  with  the  Ministries 
clinic  since  the  mid-1980s,  Echard 


was  brought  on  board  by  a  friend 
who  helped  co-found  the  facility. 
He  ran  the  clinic  full-time  for  sev- 
eral years  before  switching  in 
1989  to  the  evening  schedule  he 
still  maintains  while  working  a 
day  job. 

And  that  day  job?  Since  1982, 
Echard  has  been  employed  by  the 
North  Carolina  Department  of 
Corrections  as  a  physician's  assis- 
tant and  program  director,  a  fact 
that  may  explain  why  dealing 
with  the  occasional  drunk,  rowdy 
shelter  resident  by  night  doesn't 
seem  to  intimidate  him  in  the 
slightest. 

He's  worked  in  various  capaci- 
ties in  both  state  and  county  pris- 
ons (most  recently  in  the  Wake 
County  jail),  and  sees  what  some 
would  consider  an  unpleasant  or 
unsettling  occupation  as  "a  contin- 
uation of  what  I  was  doing  with 
Lincoln  Health" — caring  for  indi- 
viduals at  the  margins  with 
nowhere  else  to  go. 

— Brian  Kindle 


Kindle  '07  is  a  freelance  writer 
based  in  Philadelphia. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE      November-December  2008 


George  White  III '84, 
pop-up  publisher 

You're  standing  in  a  store, 
considering  which  of  the 
hundreds  of  greeting 
cards  lined  up  in  front  of 
you  is  just  right  for  your  mother's 
birthday,  or  your  nephew's  first 
Easter.  A  nearby  display  catches 
your  eye:  three-dimensional  pop- 
up cards  with  more  wit  and  flair 
than  the  usual  generic  offerings. 
For  mom,  there's  one  that  features 
an  elegant,  multi-tiered  birthday 
cake.  For  your  nephew,  there's  a 
glittery  pop-up  Easter  basket  re- 
plete with  paper  grass,  or  a  seat- 
ed, fuzzy  bunny  that  can  hold  one 
of  four  personalized  message  eggs. 
Produced  by  Up  With  Paper,  the 
world's  largest  pop-up  greeting 
card  company,  the  line  is  featured 
in  thousands  of  specialty  retail 
stores  around  the  country,  as  well 
as  major  chains  such  as  Barnes  & 
Noble  and  Borders.  But  George 
White,  Up  With  Paper's  chief  oper- 
ating officer  and  president,  is  not 
satisfied  with  a  one-dimensional 
business  approach. 

In  keeping  with  the  company's 
emphasis  on  wonders  that  unfold, 
White  wants  the  business  to  branch  up 
and  out.  In  2007,  he  launched 
Jumping  Jack  Press,  an  Up  With 
Paper  imprint  for  pop-up  books 
with  early  releases  that  include 
Halloween  at  the  Zoo,  Christmas  at 


theZoo,  Kirby  the  Easter  Dog,  and 
Splish  Splash,  Dog  Bash!  Exquis- 
itely detailed  and  inventively 
designed,  the  hardbound  books 
are  affordable  works  of  art  that 
retail  for  less  than  twenty  dollars. 
My  Baby  Book,  a  larger  pop-up 
with  interactive  features,  is  about 
thirty-five  dollars. 

"Following  the  creative  process  is 
amazing  to  me," says  White,  whose 
past  professional  incarnations  in- 
clude chief  of  staff  for  Republican 
Congressman  D.  French  Slaughter 
Jr.,  executive  producer  of  original 
webisodes  and  Internet  content, 
and  the  man  in  charge  of  managing 
licensing,  product  development, 
and  marketing  for  Gibson  Greetings 
and  the  U.S.  Playing  Card  Company. 
(It  was  White  who  marketed  the 
famous  Iraqi  Most  Wanted  Playing 
Cards  deck  with  Saddam  Hussein 
as  the  Ace  of  Spades.) 

"One  constant  through  all  of 
my  work  has  been  my  excitement 
about  the  product,  whether  that's  a 
politician  I  believe  in  or  watching 
the  development  of  an  idea  into  a 
finished  product,"  says  White,  who 
joined  Up  With  Paper  in  2004. 

White,  who  claims  no  artistic 
talent — "I  can  only  draw  stick  fig- 
ures," he  says — relies  on  a  select 
group  of  international  illustrators 
and  paper  engineers  trained  in 
three-dimensional  techniques  to 
design  and  produce  the  cards  and 
books  for  Up  With  Paper.  His  wife, 


Anne  Sheldon  Barton  '84,  and, 
increasingly,  his  young  sons  Sam 
and  Joe,  help  with  story  ideas. 
Barton  co-authored  Splish  Splash, 
Dog  Bash!,  and  Joe  came  up  with 
the  book's  title. 

Pop-up  creations,  particularly 
books,  are  complicated  feats  of 
design.  The  visual  story  is  told 
through  layers  of  paper  shapes 
that  must  fit  together  just  so. 

Paper  engineers  first  figure  out 
how  the  book  will  be  constructed 
by  using  plain  white  card  stock, 
essentially  creating  a  book  dum- 
my without  actual  illustrations. 
Graphic  designers  and  illustrators 
craft  artwork  mindful  of  the  limits 
imposed  by  how  the  moving  pieces 
align  and  fold.  A  machine  called  a 
plotter  is  used  to  cut  and  score  the 
100  to  150  individual  pieces  of 
paper  that  make  up  a  modest 
eight-spread  book,  which  is  hand- 
assembled  through  an  intricate 
series  of  an  average  of  thirty-five 
hand  operations  per  spread. 

"Engineering  alone  can  take 
months,  creating  the  art  takes 
another  couple  of  months,  and  we 
see  at  least  three  samples  before 
the  finished  product — and  each 
of  those  samples  takes  a  month  to 
six  weeks  to  produce,"  says  White. 
But  the  time  and  expense  is  worth 
it,  he  says.  "These  are  products  to 
keep,  not  throw  away.  They  last." 
— Bridget  Booher 
www.upwithpaper.com 


sits  on  the  hoard  of  directors  for  the  California 
Physicians  Alliance  and  is  a  member  of  the  Latino 
Medical  Student  Association. 

Joan  Marie  Johnson  '90  is  the  author  of  Southern 
Women  at  the  Sei'en  Sister  Colleges:  Feminist  Values  and 
Social  Activism  1875-1915.  She  also  lectutes  in 
women's  history  and  Southern  history  at 
Northeastern  Illinois  University. 

Elizabeth  Davis  Ph.D.  '92  has  been  named  inter- 
im provost  of  Baylor  University  in  Dallas.  She  previ- 
ously had  served  as  Baylor's  vice  provost  for  financial 
and  academic  administtation,  and  will  continue 
teaching  as  a  ptofessot  of  accounting  at  Baylot's 
Hankamer  School  of  Business. 

Dean  E.  Grabelle  '92  has  been  hired  as  general 
counsel  at  Alcer  Philadelphia  Shipyard,  a  leading 
commercial  shipyard  that  builds  ocean-going  mer- 
chant vessels.  He  lives  in  Voorhees,  N.J.,  with  his 
wife,  Lisa,  and  theit  two  daughters. 

|  Phyllis  J.  Proffer  M.B.A.  '92  has  been  named  vice 
|  president  of  investor  relations  at  Radio  Shack.  She 
g  had  been  vice  president  of  investor  relations  and  cor- 
*  porate  communications  for  Longs  Drug  Stores. 

Maya  Ajmera  M.P.P.  '93  was  honored  with  a 
"Women  of  Distinction"  award  during  the  2008 
National  Conference  for  College  Women  Student 
Leaders  in  June.  She  is  founder  and  president  of  The 
Global  Fund  for  Children. 

Rachel  Hemphill  Barnard  '93  founded  Midway 
Capital  Research  &  Management,  an  investment 
firm  that  manages  equity  portfolios  tor  individual  and 
institutional  clients,  in  March.  She  lives  in  Chicago 
with  het  husband  and  two  daughters. 

Mark  R.  Brown  J.D.  '93  has  been  certified  by  the 
Flotida  Board  of  Legal  Specialization  and  Education 
as  a  wills,  trusts,  and  estates  specialist.  Brown,  who  is 
already  board-certified  as  a  tax  specialist,  focuses  on 
complex  estate  and  tax  planning  and  currently  prac- 
tices in  Kaye  Scholer's  West  Palm  Beach  office. 

Africa  Ragland  Fine  '93  has  published  her  third 
novel,  Looking  for  Lily,  a  novel  of  romance,  decep- 
tion, identity,  and  Alzheimer's  disease.  The  novel  is 
published  by  Genesis  Press. 

Scott  R.  Schoenleber  '93  and  his  band,  Signal 
Hill  Transmission,  recently  signed  a  record  deal  with 
ATO  Recotds,  a  label  that  has  teleased  albums  for 
artists  such  as  Radiohead,  Liz  Phair,  and  My  Morning 
Jacket.  The  band's  first  EP,  "Starting  Gun,"  was 
released  Sept.  23.  Schoenleber,  who  lives  in  Los 
Angeles,  plays  drums  in  the  rock  band. 


15th  Reunion  April  17-19 

Heidi  Schulz  Calhoun-Lopez  '95,  a  captain  in 
the  Army,  has  been  awarded  the  Army  Commenda- 
tion Medal  for  her  work  at  the  First  Cavalry  Division. 
She  is  an  instructor  at  the  Atmy  Intelligence  Center 
in  Fort  Huachuca,  Ariz.,  where  she  is  stationed  with 
her  husband,  Thomas  Calhoun-Lopez. 

Barry  Greenberg  '95  is  serving  as  a  public-diplo- 
macy officer  for  a  provincial  reconstruction  team  in 
southern  Iraq,  a  position  he  has  held  since  fall  2007. 
Although  this  is  his  first  overseas  assignment  as  a 
commissioned  Foreign  Service  Officer,  he  has  also 
worked  with  Singapore's  Ministry  of  Education  to 
plan  the  creation  of  a  new  college  there  and  with  the 
U.S.  Customs  and  Botder  Protection  Agency  as  a 
Presidential  Management  Fellow. 

Deirdre  M.  Shaw  '95  is  the  author  of  Love  or 
Something  Like  It,  a  novel  that  follows  a  woman  in  her 


66 


.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


30s  after  the  failure  of  her  marriage  forces  her  to  rede- 
fine love,  career,  and  family.  The  book  will  be  pub- 
lished by  Random  House  in  April  2009.  Shaw  lives 
in  Los  Angeles  with  her  husband. 

Laurie  Sickmen  Bennett  '96  is  a  director  and 
associate  general  counsel  of  Investment  Technology 
Group  Inc.  and  general  counsel  of  ITG  Solutions 
Network  Inc.,  in  New  York. 

Rob  Widell  '96  received  his  Ph.D.  in  American 
history  from  Emory  University  in  2007  and  has  been 
appointed  assistant  professor  ot  history,  specializing  in 
recent  U.S.,  civil  rights,  and  African-American  his- 
tory at  the  University  of  Rhode  Island. 

Jason  Butler  '97  was  voted  2007-08  Teacher  of 
the  Year  at  DeKalb  Early  College  Academy,  an 
Atlanta-area  public  high  school,  where  he  teaches 
civics  and  world  geography. 

Lauren  WeinstOCk  '97  is  an  assistant  research  pro- 
fessor in  the  department  of  psychiatry  and  human  be- 
havior of  the  Warren  Alpert  Medical  School  of  Brown 
University.  She  was  recently  awarded  a  Mentored 
Patient-Oriented  Research  Career  Development 
Award  from  the  National  Institute  of  Mental  Health. 

Steven  C.  Cuff  '98  is  working  as  a  physician  in 
the  sports  medicine  program  at  Nationwide 
Children's  Hospital  in  Columbus,  Ohio.  In  addition 
to  treating  injured  athletes  and  promoting  preventive 
practices,  he  trains  primary-care  residents  in  the 
diagnosis  and  management  of  basic  musculoskeletal 
problems  in  children. 

Alexander  Dobrev  '98  published  his  article 
"Fractured  Condos — Avoiding  the  Broken  Deal"  in 
the  July  issue  of  Florida  Real  Estate  Journal.  He  prac- 
tices law  in  Lowndes,  Drosdick,  Doster,  Kantor  & 
Reed's  Orlando,  Fla.,  office. 


10th  Reunion  April  17-19 


Joy  Haslam  Calico  Ph.D.  '99  is  an  associate  pro- 
fessor of  musicology  at  Vanderbilt  University's  Blair 
School  of  Music  and  the  author  of  Brecht  at  the 
Opera.  The  book  examines  the  German  playwright's 
ambivalence  about  his  work  in  opera. 

MARRIAGES:  Shannon  M.  Huffman  '93  to 

Peter  Poison  on  Sept.  18,  2007.  Residence: 
Seattle. .  LeeAnn  Schrage  '95  to  Robert  Gilroy 
on  May  24,  2008.  Residence:  Iowa  City,  Iowa. 

BIRTHS:  First  child  and  daughter  to  Christine 
Marie  Hall  '91  and  Patrick  Harper  on  July  16,  2008. 
Named  Eloisa  Mae  Hall. . .Fourth  child  and  first 
daughter  to  David  Brodner  '92  and  Kelly  Brodner 
on  July  18,  2008.  Named  Lila  Paige  Louise... Third 
child  and  first  son  to  Michael  Guhl  '93  and  Joan 
Guhl  on  Feb.  24,  2008.  Named  John  Christopher. . . 
First  child  and  daughter  to  Stephen  Williams 
B.S.E.  '93  and  Kara  Williams  on  April  15,  2008. 
Named  Caroline  Amelia. .  .Second  child  and  son  to 
Matthew  Hornor  Kettering  '94  and  Adrian 
Nicol  Kettering  '95  on  Jan.  17,  2008.  Named 
Foster  Nicol  Kettering. .  .Second  child  and  daughter 
to  Julia  Gray  Smith  '95  and  Steven  Smith  on  July 
26,  2008.  Named  Julia  Palmer... First  child  and 
daughter  to  Laurie  Sickmen  Bennett  '96  and 
Michael  Bennett  on  Jan.  16,  2007.  Named  Shoshana 
Miriam... Third  child  and  first  daughter  to  Carolyn 
Cummins  Harkins  '96  and  Timothy  Ryan 
Harkins  '96  on  March  4,  2008.  Named  Evelyn 
Macaria... First  child  and  daughter  to  Natalie 
Harrison  '96  and  Roger  Ryman,  on  April  14,  2008. 
Named  Finley  Ann  Harrison. .  .Second  child  and  son 
to  Suzanne  Vreeland  Jones  '96  and  Brent  Jones 


on  May  23,  2008.  Named  Porter  Vreeland... Third 
child  and  daughter  to  Allison  Ruhl  '96  and  Daniel 
Ruhl,  on  Feb.  8,  2008.  Named  Reese  Elizabeth... First 
child  and  daughter  to  Rob  Widell  '96  and 
Lauren  Weinstock  '97  on  March  7,  2008.  Named 
Lily  Abigail  Widell... Second  child  and  first  daughter 
to  Kristen  Ambrosi  Franklin  '99  and  Scott 
Ruffin  Franklin  '99  on  Dec.  22,  2007.  Named 
Emelin  Victoria. .  .Second  child  and  first  son  to 
Meredith  Chesson  Wells  '99  and  Hal  Wells  on 

Nov.  25,  2007.  Named  Harold  William. 


2000s 


Anil  Sathia  Nathan  '00,  A.M.  '04  has  joined  the 
faculty  of  the  College  of  the  Holy  Cross  in  Worcester, 
Mass.  Nathan,  who  specializes  m  applied  microeco- 
nomics and  econometrics,  previously  had  taught  at 
Duke  and  Elon  University.  He  also  has  led  GRE  and 
GMAT  test-preparation  workshops  for  Kaplan  Inc. 
Amy  Edwards  Sherrod  '00  is  a  registered  nurse 
who  specializes  in  pediatric  hematology-oncology.  In 
August,  she  earned  her  M.S.N,  in  pediatrics  as  a 
Woodruff  Fellow  at  Emory  University. 

Saud  Rahman  '01  was  appointed  chief  resident  for 
2008-09  in  the  department  of  pathology  at  Virginia 
Commonwealth  University's  Medical  College  of 
Virginia  campus.  He  received  a  medical  degree  from 
Wake  Forest  University  School  of  Medicine  in  2005. 

Jeremy  M.  Schott  '02,  Ph.D.  '05  is  the  author  of 

Christianity,  Empire,  and  the  Making  of  Religion  in  Late 
Antiquity.  He  teaches  religious  studies  at  UNC- 
Charlotte. 


Tom  Allatt  Broadhead  MBA.  03  has  joined 
Genesis  Financial  Solutions  Inc.  of  Beaverton,  Ore., 
as  general  counsel.  He  previously  had  served  as  gen- 
eral counsel  of  CitiFinancial  and  was  a  member  of 
the  division's  management  committee.  He  received 
his  J.D.  from  the  Marshall-Wythe  School  of  law  at 
the  College  of  William  and  Mary. 

Alexander  Sparks  Ford  03  has  completed 
Green  Beret  Training  and  been  assigned  to  the  3rd 
Special  Forces  Group  in  Fort  Bragg,  N.C. 

|  5th  Reunion  Aprtl  17-19 

Jason  Rimes  LL.M.  '05,  J.D.  '05  has  been  elected 
to  the  board  of  directors  for  the  Health  Care  Center 
tor  the  Homeless  in  Orlando,  Fla.  He  practices  law 
with  Lowndes,  Drosdick,  Doster,  Kantor  &  Reed  in 
Orlando. 

Ryan  S.  Napierski  M.B.A.  '07  was  appointed 
vice  president  of  business  development  for  the 
North  Asia  region  of  Nu  Skin  Enterprises.  He  is  also 
the  vice  president  of  business  development  forNu 
Skin  Japan. 

MARRIAGES:  Kelly  Fuhrman  03  to  Benjamin 
A.  Taylor  '03  on  Jan.  5,  2008.  Residence:  Miami. 
BIRTHS:  First  child  and  daughter  to  Amy 
Edwards  Sherrod  '00  and  John  Sherrod  on  Sept. 
17,  2007.  Named  Molly  Elizabeth... First  child  and 
daughter  to  John  Jason  English  01  and  Ellen 
Mielke  English  '02  on  July  18,  2008.  Named 
Charlotte  Lynn... First  child  and  son  to  Jaime 
Levy  Pessin  01  and  Gregory  Elliot  Pessin  01 
on  July  22,  2008.  Named  Noah  William... First  child 
and  son  to  Julie  Leonzio  Potack  01  and  Rob 
Potack  on  April  10,  2008.  Named  Owen  Ross. .  .First 


Experience  all  the  pleasures  of  our  gracious 
Inn.  Shady  pine-scented  fairways. ..a  sparkling 
pool. ..elegant  guestrooms  and  four-diamond 
dining.  A  warm  welcome's  waiting  for  our 
friends  from  Duke. 


Washington  Duke 
Inn  &  Golf  Club 

The  Inn  Turns 

--20« 


I    BLVD.,    DURHAM,    NC    27705 
WASHINGTONDUKEINN.COM 


PIKE  MAGAZINE     NowmkM-1  Vcmk-r  200s 


child  and  daughter  to  Ellen  Mielke  English  '02 
and  John  Jason  English  '01  on  July  18,  2008. 
Named  Charlotte  Lynn... First  child  and  son  to  Keri 
Beth  Livingston  '02  and  Lauren  Snyder 
Livingston  M.D.  '06  on  June  8,  2008.  Named  Ezra 
Cope... First  daughter  to  Bradley  Renuart  '02  and 
Meredith  Renuart  on  July  29,  2008.  Named  Camryn 
Elizabeth... First  child  and  daughter  to  Adam 
Laughton  '05,  J. D.  08  and  Ariel  Bybee 
Laughton  M.A.  '06  on  Aug.  17,  2008.  Named 
Charlotte  Lily. ..First  child  and  son  to  Lauren 
Snyder  Livingston  M.D.  '06  and  Keri  Beth 
Livingston  '02  on  June  8,  2008.  Named  Ezra  Cope. 


Deaths 


Emily  Byrn  Neblett  ?4  of  Riverside,  Calif.,  on 
March  20,  2008.  An  active  volunteer,  she  was 
involved  with  the  Lawyers'  Wives  Club  and  Junior 
Aid  in  Riverside.  She  is  survived  by  two  daughters;  a 
brother,  Chester  A.  Byrn  Jr.  '42;  a  sister,  Mary 
Lalla  Byrn  Turner  '37;  and  a  niece,  Emily 
Turner  Knight  70,  M.A.T.  71,  Ph.D.  '81. 

Mary  A.  Dewey  Wigley  '35  of  Wilson,  N.C.,  on 
Dec.  24,  2007.  At  Duke,  she  was  a  student  government 
member  and  was  a  member  of  the  Order  of  the  White 
Duchy,  a  secret  women's  honorary  organization. 

Gabriel  H.  Cortes  M.D.  '36  of  Kennett  Square, 
Pa.,  on  March  7,  2008.  He  is  survived  by  a  daughter. 

Ellen  Witwer  Noel  '36  of  Midland,  Texas,  on 
May  1,  2008.  She  was  a  member  of  Kappa  Kappa 
Gamma  sorority  and  was  a  patron  ^4  several  organiza- 
tions and  institutions,  including  the  Noel  Heritage 


Plaza,  High  Sky  ( children's  Ranch,  and  the  Ellen 
Noel  Art  Museum,  which  was  named  in  her  honor. 
She  is  survived  by  two  daughters,  six  grandchildren, 
and  three  great-grandchildren. 

George  R.  "Bub"  Parish  '36  of  San  Antonio,  on 
April  19,  2008.  He  was  a  co-founder  of  Alamo  Photo 
Labs,  Parish  Photography,  and  Professional  Photog- 
raphers of  San  Antonio.  He  was  also  a  past  president 
of  the  S.W  Association  of  Business  Schools  and  pres- 
ident of  Parish-Draughon's  Business  College.  He  is 
survived  by  his  wife,  Moye;  two  daughters;  three  sons; 
17  grandchildren;  and  19  great-grandchildren. 

Marjorie  Goddard  Leidy  '37  of  Levittown,  Pa., 
on  April  8,  2008.  At  Duke,  she  was  a  member  of  Phi 
Mu  sorority  and  majored  in  economics.  She  is  sur- 
vived by  a  son,  a  daughter,  and  a  granddaughter. 

Jane  Bail  Falk  '40  of  Fort  Meyers,  Fla.,  on  April 
24,  2008.  She  was  the  first  financial-aid  officer  at 
Edison  Community  College  in  Fort  Meyers.  She  is 
survived  by  a  daughter,  a  brother,  two  grandchildren, 
two  step-grandchildren,  and  three  great-grandchildren. 

Harriet  Duke  Angier  Kuhn  '41  of  Newton,  N.C., 
on  Feb.  26,  2008.  She  was  the  home  services  secre- 
tary at  the  Hickory,  N.C.,  chapter  of  the  American 
Red  Cross.  She  received  the  chapter's  first  Lifetime 
Service  Award,  now  named  for  her.  She  is  survived 
by  a  daughter,  two  sons,  and  four  grandchildren. 

Sara  "Sally"  Jordan  Bers  '36  of  Philadelphia, 

on  July  7,  2008.  She  worked  as  a  lab  supervisor  at 
York  Hospital  and  Harrisburg  Hospital.  She  also 
worked  as  a  research  chemist  for  Armstrong  Cork 
Co.  in  Lancaster,  Pa.  She  is  survived  by  a  son, 
George  E.  Bers  72;  a  daughter,  Ellen  Bers 


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Johnson  '68;  a  son-in-law,  Michael  B.  Johnson 

'68;  five  grandchildren,  including  Katharine  R. 
Johnson  '05  and  Sarah  E.  Johnson  '99;  and  a 

David  L.  Ballard  Sr.  '43  of  Morganton,  N.C.,  on 
June  14,  2008.  After  graduating  from  Duke,  he  at- 
tended the  Columbia  University  Naval  Program  and 
served  in  both  the  European  and  Pacific  theaters  dur- 
ing World  War  II.  He  then  entered  dental  school  and 
practiced  dentistry  for  more  than  23  years  in  Charlotte. 
He  is  survived  by  a  son  and  a  granddaughter. 

Daniel  N.  Burbank  '43  of  Lakewood,  N.J.,  on 
June  2,  2008.  He  enlisted  in  the  Army  in  1942  and 
served  as  part  of  the  41st  Malaria  Survey  Detachment 
in  the  Pacific  Theater  of  Operations  during  World 
War  II.  After  earning  his  M.D.  from  Georgetown 
University  School  of  Medicine,  he  began  a  medical 
practice  in  Cedar  Grove,  N.J.,  where  he  worked  for 
40  years.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Betty  Jean;  a  son; 
two  daughters;  and  six  gtandsons. 

Randolph  Reamey  "Ran"  Few  '43  of  Durham, 
on  Oct.  14,  2008.  The  son  of  William  Preston  Few, 
first  president  of  Duke,  he  was  a  member  of  Phi  Delta 
Theta  fraternity  and  the  Order  of  the  Red  Friars, 
president  of  the  senior  class,  and  chief  marshal  at 
commencement.  He  served  in  the  Navy  during 
World  War  II  and  remained  in  the  Naval  Reserve 
after  the  war  ended.  After  a  short  career  working 
with  Esso  (now  Exxon  Mobil),  he  began  a  career  as  a 
commercial  real-estate  developer  in  1954.  He  also 
ran  several  family-owned  corporations  and  was  presi- 
dent of  Kendrick  Estates  Investment  Corp.  at  the 
time  of  his  death.  For  many  years,  he  served  on  the 
board  of  visitors  of  Duke  Divinity  School.  He  was 
also  a  charter  member  of  the  Iron  Dukes  and  a  char- 
ter member  and  president  of  the  Blue  Devil  Club.  He 
is  survived  by  his  wife,  Shirley;  a  son,  Randolph 
Reamey  Few  Jr.  B.S.M.E.  '82;  two  daughters;  and 
two  sons-in-law,  including  Steed  Rollins  Jr.  '82, 
M.B.A.  '86. 

Antoinette  Salley  Burdett  '44  of  Flat  Rock, 
N.C.,  on  April  24,  2008.  At  Duke,  she  was  one  of  the 
first  female  cheerleaders,  and  in  1947,  she  was 
crowned  Queen  of  Rhododendron  in  Asheville.  She 
is  survived  by  three  sons,  eight  grandchildren,  and  a 
great-granddaughter. 

Robert  J.  Sheridan  '44,  M.D.  '48  of  Rocky 
Mount,  N.C.,  on  April  19,  2008.  He  served  as  a 
physician  in  the  Navy  before  completing  his  pediatric 
residency  at  the  University  of  Michigan.  For  50  years, 
he  was  a  practicing  pediatrician.  He  is  survived  by 
three  daughters,  a  son,  and  four  grandchildren. 

Richard  R.  Harkness  '45  of  Charlotte,  on  Feb. 
18,  2008.  In  1945,  he  was  commissioned  into  the 
Naval  Reserve  and  served  in  World  War  II  and  the 
Korean  War.  He  formed  Davis-Harkness  Co.,  a  sales 
agency  representing  steel-mill  products,  where  he 
worked  until  his  retirement  in  1986.  He  is  survived 
by  his  wife,  Marian  Sprague  Harkness  '45;  a 
daughter;  two  sons;  a  sister;  and  seven  grandchildren. 

Virginia  Hartman  Thrower  '47  of  Normandy 
Beach,  N.J.,  on  April  19,  2008.  She  managed  the 
financial  side  of  her  husband's  anesthesiology  practice 
for  30  years.  She  served  as  treasurer  of  the  Normandy 
Beach  Yacht  Club  for  20  years.  She  is  survived  by  two 
sons,  a  daughter,  and  five  grandchildren. 

Ray  M.  Allen  B.D.  '47,  Ph.D.  '53  of  Memphis, 
Term.,  on  Feb.  27,  2007.  While  working  as  associate 
pastor  at  St.  Luke's  United  Methodist  Church,  he 
organized  the  Wesley  Foundation,  a  United  Metho- 
dist student  center,  at  Memphis  State  University.  He 


i-ww.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


taught  at  Wofford  College  in  Spartanburg,  S.C.,  and 
Lambuth  University  in  Jackson,  Tenn.  At  South- 
western University,  now  Rhodes  College,  he  held 
several  positions,  including  dean  of  administration, 
professor  of  religion,  and  dean  of  financial  aid  and 
government  relations.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife, 
Julia;  a  son;  two  daughters;  and  a  brother. 

Thomas  R.  Elliot  '47  of  St.  Louis,  on  April  16,  2008. 
He  is  survived  by  three  sons,  a  daughter,  a  brother,  10 
grandchildren,  and  eight  great-grandchildren. 
Joseph  A.  Fetherston  Jr.  '47  of  Long  Island, 
N.Y.,  on  Dec.  13,  2007.  He  formerly  was  employed  as 
vice  president  of  B.  Altman  Liberty  Hosiery.  He  is 
survived  by  his  wife,  Eileen;  two  sons;  three  daugh- 
ters; and  12  grandchildren. 
Carolyn  Hooper  Satterfield  '47  of  Durham,  on 
April  13,  2008.  While  at  Duke,  she  served  as  society 
editor  of  the  Durham  Morning  Herald  for  two  years.  In 
1965,  she  became  the  women's  editor  of  The  Durham 
Sun,  and  in  1978,  she  was  named  associate  editor  of 
the  Durham  Sun.  She  is  survived  by  her  husband, 
John;  two  daughters;  and  four  grandchildren. 
James  A.  Auman  '48  of  McLeansville,  N.C.,  on 
June  28,  2008.  During  World  War  II,  he  worked  in 
the  Wilmington  shipyards.  He  was  the  minister  of 
visitation  at  Mount  Pleasant  United  Methodist 
Church  in  Greensboro  for  14  years.  He  was  the  first 
executive  director  of  the  Association  of  Methodist 
Colleges  and  was  superintendent  of  the  Wilmington 
disttict  of  the  United  Methodist  Church.  He  is  sur- 
vived by  his  wife,  Josephine;  two  daughters;  a  son, 
James  Richard  Auman  '67;  six  grandchildren, 
including  James  Todd  Auman  '93,  Ph.D.  '02; 
and  1 2  great-grandchildren. 

Shirley  M.  Hunnings  Coward  R.N.  '48,  B.S.N. 
'48  of  Hartsville,  S.C.,  on  April  15,  2008.  She  was 
tteasurer  of  Buyck-Coward  Co.,  where  she  also 
worked  as  a  buyer.  She  was  a  board  member  of  the 
Darlington  County  Mental  Health  Board.  She  is  sur- 
vived by  two  sons,  a  daughter,  a  sister,  a  brother,  five 
grandchildren,  and  two  great-grandchildren. 
Duncan  W.  Daugherty  Jr.  J.D.  '48  of 
Huntington,  WVa.,  on  March  25,  2008.  During 
World  War  II,  he  served  in  the  44th  Heavy  Bomber 
Group  as  a  navigator-bombardier.  He  practiced  law 
in  Huntington  for  40  years.  He  is  survived  by  his 
wife,  Dorothy  Stanley  Daugherty  '51;  a  son; 

a  brother;  a  grandson;  and  a  granddaughter. 

Marvin  F.  Engel  '48,  M.D.  '51  of  St.  Simons 
Island,  Ga.,  on  June  30,  2008.  A  World  War  II  veter- 
an, he  began  a  general  practice  in  Garien,  Ga.  He 
went  on  to  practice  dermatology  in  Waycross,  Bruns- 
wick, and  St.  Simons  Island,  Ga.  He  is  survived  by 
his  wife,  Suzanne;  two  daughters;  and  a  brother. 

George  C.  Dannals  B.S.E.E.  '49  of  Daytona 
Beach,  Fla.,  on  June  12,  2008.  He  joined  the  Naval 
Reserve  in  1939  and,  in  1941,  was  called  to  active 
duty.  He  served  in  the  Navy  aboard  the  VSS  Saratoga. 
After  gtaduating  from  Duke,  he  worked  at  the 
Tennessee  Valley  Authority  and  Redstone  Arsenal  as 
a  rocket  development  electrical  engineer.  He  is  sur- 
vived by  his  wife,  Cortez;  three  sons;  and  a  daughter. 

Louis  E.  Allen  '50  of  Greensboro,  on  April  16, 
2008.  He  served  in  the  Navy  during  World  War  II 
and  participated  in  the  invasion  of  Normandy.  After 
graduating  from  Duke,  he  played  football  with  the 
Pittsburgh  Steelers  and  the  Montreal  Alouettes.  In 
the  1960s,  he  started  his  own  construction  company, 
working  until  his  retirement  in  the  1990s.  He  is  sur- 
vived by  his  wife,  Anne;  a  daughter;  two  sons;  a 
granddaughter;  and  two  grandsons. 


EMTM 

EXECUTIVE  MASTER'S  IN  TECHNOLOGY  MANAGEMENT 


TWENTY  YEARS  OF  LEADERSHIP 

IN  TECHNOLOGY  AND  INNOVATION  MANAGEMENT 


The  evening  includes  the  opportunity  to  meet  and  talk  with  EMTM  faculty,  students  and 
alumni  at  an  informal  reception  that  precedes  the  lecture  and  Q&A. 

EMTM  Presents: 

•  Profttingfrom  Perhaps  -  Thursday,  November  6,  New  York,  NY 

•  Emerging  Business  Models  in  Biotechnology  and  Bionanotechnology  - 
Thursday,  November^,  Philadelphia,  PA 

•  Managing  Uncertainty:  Building  Sustainable  Businesses  in  Large  Corporations  - 
Thursday,  November  20,  Washington,  DC 

•  4th  Generation  Wireless  Networks:  The  Digital  Swarm  -Thursday,  December  n, 
Baltimore,  MD  .   ..„, 


Register  online  at:  www.emtm.upenn.edu 

Or  caH2i5-8g8-2987  or  877-444-EMTM  (toll-free) 

WWW.EMTM.UPENN.EDU 
emtm-admissions@emtm.upenn.edu  (e-mail) 
215-898-2897  (worldwide) 
877-444-EMTM  (U.S.  toll-free) 


Perm 

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DUKE  MAGAZINE      November-December   2008 


Howard  H.  Christner  '50  of  Pittsburgh,  on  April  8, 
2008.  He  was  the  owner  of  H.  Christner  Co.,  a  real- 
estate  company.  He  is  survived  by  hi^  daughter, 
Carol  Christner  M.E.M.  '82,  and  a  sister. 

Fitz-John  C.  McMaster  '51  of  Winnsboro,  S.C., 

on  Jan.  14,  2008.  He  served  with  the  Marines  in  the 
Korean  War.  He  joined  his  father  at  McMaster 
Enterprises,  a  petroleum  marketing  company,  and,  in 
1965,  was  appointed  senior  executive.  He  later 
worked  for  Winnsboro  Petroleum  Co.  and  was  the 
company's  president  when  he  retired  in  2003.  Active 
in  his  community,  he  received  a  number  of  awards, 
including  the  Order  of  the  Palmetto,  South 
Carolina's  highest  honor  for  civilian  public  service. 
He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Anne;  two  daughters;  a 
son,  William  McMaster  '80;  a  brother,  Quay 
McMaster  '48;  and  two  grandchildren. 


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Robert  F.  Moore  B.D.  '51  of  Fairmont,  N.C., 
on  April  1 5,  2008.  A  veteran  of  World  War  II,  he 
was  a  member  of  and  chaplain  for  the  Military 
Order  of  the  Purple  Heart,  the  Disabled  American 
Veterans,  the  Veterans  of  Foreign  Wars,  and  the 
Ametican  Legion.  He  was  a  minister  in  the  United 
Methodist  Church  for  37  years  and  served  at  church- 
es throughout  the  North  Carolina  Conferences.  He 
is  survived  by  his  wife,  Burnell;  a  son;  two  daughters; 
a  brother;  two  grandchildren;  and  a  great-grandchild. 

Eileen  C.  Simmons  H  '51  of  Maryknoll,  N.Y., 
on  April  3,  2008.  She  entered  the  order  of  the 
Maryknoll  Sisters  in  1951,  receiving  the  name 
Sister  Gilmary.  After  the  Korean  War,  she  joined 
Maryknoll's  medical  team  in  treating  war  refugees 
and  was  in  charge  of  pediatric  public  health.  In  1962, 
she  became  the  first  medical  director  of  the  Mary- 
knoll Hospital  in  Pusan,  Korea.  She  was  a  medical 
consultant  to  the  Christian  Medical  Commission  of 
the  World  Council  of  Churches  in  Geneva,  Switzer- 
land, for  three  years.  She  then  returned  to  Maryknoll, 
N.Y.,  to  serve  as  health-services  director  and  center 
coordinator.  She  is  survived  by  three  nieces. 

Malcolm  P.  Norton  '52  of  Fayetteville,  N.Y.,  on 
Jan.  27,  2008.  He  was  a  veteran  of  the  Korean  War. 
For  38  years,  he  worked  as  credit  manager  for 
Employers  Insurance  of  Wausau,  Wis.  He  is  survived 
by  his  wife,  Marian;  four  daughters;  a  son;  a  sister; 
and  six  grandchildren. 

Sterling  D.  Turner  Jr.  B.D.  '53  of  Maryville, 
Tenn.,  on  April  26,  2008.  A  Navy  World  War  II  vet- 
eran, he  was  a  United  Methodist  minister  for  church- 
es in  Virginia  and  Tennessee.  He  is  survived  by  his 

wife,  Betty  Swofford  Turner  M.R.E.  '50;  a  son; 

two  daughters;  and  a  granddaughter. 

William  H.  Barnes  '54  of  Palo  Alto,  Calif,  on 
Dec.  26,  2007.  After  graduating  with  a  B.S.  in 
mechanical  engineering  in  1956  from  Northwestern 
University,  he  served  as  a  communications  staff  offi- 
cer at  Edwards  Air  Force  Base  for  21  months.  He 
then  earned  an  M.B.A.  in  finance,  marketing,  and 
accounting  at  Stanford  University.  He  is  survived  by 

his  wife,  Doris  Sherbano  Barnes  '55;  two 

daughters;  a  son;  and  three  grandchildren. 

William  H.  Burtner  '55  of  Greensboro,  on  May 
14,  2008.  He  served  in  the  Army  and  worked  for 
the  government  during  the  1950s.  He  operated 
many  businesses  in  Greensboro,  including  the  Mod 
Shop,  Greensboro  Record  Center,  and  Burtner 
Furniture.  He  is  survived  by  a  daughter,  a  son,  and 
three  grandchildren. 

Ruth  Cupka  Pianin  A.M.  '56  of  Leawood,  Mo., 
on  April  21,  2008.  She  taught  English  in  the  South 
Orange-Maplewood  School  District  in  New  Jersey 
for  40  years.  During  retirement,  she  volunteered  with 
the  Red  Cross  to  translate  classic  literature  into 
Braille  for  the  blind.  She  is  survived  by  her  husband, 
Joseph;  a  son;  a  stepdaughter;  two  grandsons;  and  two 
step-granddaughters. 

Charles  Tinkham  '56  of  Litchfield  Park,  Ariz., 
on  Jan.  14,  2008.  He  was  an  officer  in  the  Navy 
from  1956  to  1960.  An  investment  executive,  he 
retired  from  Smith  Barney  in  1996.  He  is  survived 
by  his  wife,  Karen;  three  sons;  a  daughter;  and  six 
grandchildren. 

Carolyn  Dudley  Bayzik  '57  of  Mississauga,  N.C., 

on  April  7,  2008.  She  worked  with  the  children's 
program  at  the  Central  United  Methodist  Church 
in  Charlotte.  In  1984,  she  and  her  family  moved  to 
Ontario,  Canada,  where  she  worked  with  the  Red 
Cross  and  with  the  children's  department  of  the 


Mississauga  Public  Library.  She  is  survived  by  her 
husband,  Stephen;  four  sons;  a  daughter;  a  sister;  a 
brother;  and  three  grandchildren. 

Joe  K.  Matheson  Jr.  B.C.S.E.  '57  of  Mars  Hills, 
N.C.,  on  April  7,  2008.  After  graduating,  he  joined 
the  firm  of  Burnham  S.  Colburn  Engineering  in 
Asheville.  He  and  a  partner  later  purchased  the  firm 
and  changed  its  name  to  Matheson  Hintz  and 
Associates.  In  the  1980s  he  became  the  general  man- 
ager of  Wolf  Laurel  Country  Club  in  Mars  Hills  and 
after  three  years,  established  a  consulting  engineering 
practice  within  the  Wolf  Laurel  Resort.  He  is  sur- 
vived by  his  wife,  Virginia;  a  daughter;  two  sisters;  a 
granddaughter;  and  a  great-grandson. 

Diana  Senff  Bock  '58  of  Houston,  on  Sept.  10, 

2007.  At  Duke,  she  was  a  member  of  Delta  Gamma 
sorority  and  graduated  Phi  Beta  Kappa.  She  is  sur- 
vived by  three  sons. 

Angenieta  A.  Biegel  H  '60  of  Carmel,  Ind.,  on 
April  11,  2008.  She  joined  the  Indiana  University 
School  of  Medicine  in  1960  and  became  a  full  profes- 
sor and  director  of  the  histocompatibility  laboratory 
for  organ  transplantation  at  the  Indiana  University 
Medical  Center.  As  a  supporter  of  the  Indiana 
University-Kenya  partnership,  she  provided  stetho- 
scopes to  Moi  University  students  in  Eldoret,  Kenya. 

Robert  L.  Dudley  '61  of  Nashville,  Tenn.,  on 
March  7,  2008.  He  spent  most  of  his  career  in  music 
and  broadcasting.  After  working  at  WRVR-FM  in 
New  York,  he  moved  to  Nashville  and  worked  as  gen- 
eral manager  of  WLAC-FM,  assistant  program  direc- 
tor of  WLAC-AM,  and  as  an  executive  for  WWFM 
Radio.  He  is  survived  by  a  son,  his  stepmother,  a 
brother,  and  a  sister. 

Lynn  F.  Taliaferro  '62  of  Bay  Shore,  N.Y.,  on 
April  26,  2008.  For  many  years,  she  worked  as  a 
trader  on  Wall  Street.  She  was  in  charge  of  Junior 
Golf  of  Palm  Beach  County,  Fla.,  and  had  worked  for 
the  PGA  of  America.  She  is  survived  by  her  mother. 

Bonnie  Gray  Vick  Stone  '63,  A.M.  '67  of 
Raleigh,  on  April  29,  2008.  She  taught  and  held 
various  administrative  positions  in  the  North 
Carolina  community  college  system,  including,  most 
recently,  associate  dean  at  Durham  Tech.  She  started 
and  led  Vigils  Against  Violence,  a  program  sponsored 
by  the  Interfaith  Alliance  to  draw  attention  to  gun 
violence.  She  is  survived  by  her  husband,  Samuel 
M.  Stone  IV  '63,  B.D.  '67;  two  daughters;  a  sister; 
and  three  granddaughters. 

Ralph  T.  Monahan  Jr.  M.F.  '65  of  Medword,  Wis., 
on  Feb.  3,  2008.  He  was  employed  by  the  U.S. 
Department  of  Forestry  for  more  than  25  years  as  a 
cost  analyst.  He  is  survived  by  a  son,  a  daughter,  and 
five  grandchildren. 

Marion  A.  Wash  A.M.  '65  of  North  Augusta, 
S.C.,  on  April  5,  2008.  An  Army  veteran,  he  was  a 
teacher  at  Richmond  Academy.  He  is  survived  by  a 
brother  and  a  sister. 

Bruce  J.  Alexander  '66  of  Palo  Alto,  Calif,  on 
March  24,  2008.  From  1994  to  1997  and  1999  to  2006, 
he  was  a  managing  director  for  Needham  and  Co.  He 
was  chair,  president,  and  CEO  of  Black  and  Co.  from 
1997  to  1999.  He  was  also  president  and  CEO  of 
Southwall  Technologies.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife, 
Kathleen;  a  daughter;  a  sister;  and  a  grandson. 

Mark  B.  Ballard  '75  of  Portland,  Ore.,  on  May  20, 

2008.  He  was  a  software  engineer  for  Tektronix,  a  test 
and  measurement  company.  He  is  survived  by  his 

wife,  Marguerite  Mautner  Ballard  75;  a  son;  a 

daughter;  and  two  sisters. 


www.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


:  W.  Leyen  H  '85,  '89,  '90  of  Gig  Harbor, 
Wash.,  on  April  14,  2008.  After  graduating  from  Yale 
University,  he  was  drafted  by  the  NFL.  He  then 
decided  to  pursue  a  medical  degree  at  the  University 
of  Tennessee  Health  Science  Center  in  Memphis, 
Tenn.  After  completing  multiple  residencies  at  Duke, 
he  practiced  for  18  years  as  an  orthopedic  surgeon  in 
Tacoma  and  Olympia,  Wash.  He  is  survived  by  his 
wife,  Jennifer,  and  a  daughter. 

David  G.  Ostrolenk  H  '85  of  Monmouth  Beach, 
N.J.,  on  Sept.  27,  2007.  He  worked  at  various 
hospitals,  including  Mount  Sinai  and  Elmhurst 
General,  in  New  York,  and  Jersey  City  Medical 
Center,  as  well  as  VA  hospitals  in  New  York  and 
Columbia,  S.C.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Sylvia; 
two  sons;  n  sicpdaughtcr;  and  six  grandchildren. 

Reginald  D.  Andrews  '86  of  Durham,  on  Aug.  1, 
2008.  He  began  working  at  Duke  in  1987  and  was 
an  employee  in  the  blood  bank  and  transfusion 
services.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Eileen;  two  sons; 
his  mother;  a  sister;  and  four  brothers. 

Louella  Anderson  Bottrill  MBA.  '86  of 
Charlotte,  on  April  29,  2008.  For  18  years,  she 
worked  for  Wachovia  in  Charlotte  and  was  senior 
vice  president  in  the  finance  group.  She  is  survived 
by  her  husband,  Mark  Evan  Bottrill  M.B.A.  '86; 
two  sons;  her  parents;  and  a  sister. 
John  F.  AltieM  '91  of  Brockton,  Mass.,  on  May  4, 
2008.  He  was  an  actot  and  director  with  many  the- 
aters in  Los  Angeles  and  was  a  teachet  and  director 
for  Idyllwild  Arts  Academy,  in  Idyllwild,  Calif.; 
Shakespeare  on  the  Green,  in  Lake  Forest,  111.;  and 
UCLA's  undergraduate  and  graduate  acting  programs. 
He  volunteered  as  a  director  and  coach  for  the 
Arc  of  San  Francisco,  a  nonprofit  organization  that 
supports  individuals  with  developmental  disabilities. 
He  is  survived  by  his  parents;  a  sistet,  Mary  T. 
Altieri  Nardone  '88;  and  a  brother. 

Thomas  T.  Bringley  '03  of  Chicago,  on  June  22, 
2008.  He  graduated  from  New  York  University  in 
2008  with  a  Ph.D.  in  mathematics.  He  is  survived  by 
his  wife,  Krista  Edmundson  Bringley  03,  his 

parents;  a  brother;  and  two  sisters. 

Professor  Emeritus  Cordle 

Thomas  Howard  Cordle,  of  Durham,  died  on  July  19, 
2008,  at  the  age  of  90.  Cordle  was  a  professor  emeri- 
tus of  French  at  Duke. 

A  native  of  Atlanta,  Cordle  served  with  the  Navy 
in  West  Africa  during  World  War  II.  He  received  a 
B.A.  from  the  University  of  Vitginia  and  an  MA. 
and  a  Ph.D.  from  Yale  University.  From  1950  to  1983, 
he  taught  French  at  Duke,  specializing  in  contempo- 
rary literature.  He  published  articles  on  Marcel  Proust 
and  Andre  Malraux,  and  two  editions  of  Andre  Gide, 
a  book  published  in  1976  and  updated  in  1993,  on 
the  life  and  wotk  of  the  Ftench  author. 

He  is  survived  by  two  nephews  and  a  niece. 

Associate  Professor  Newman 

Glenn  E.  Newman  '69,  M.D.  '73,  of  Hillsborough, 
N.C.,  died  on  July  24,  2008,  at  the  age  of  61. 

After  graduating  from  Duke  Medical  School  in 
1973,  he  completed  five  years  of  a  cardiothoracic  sur- 
gery residency  at  Duke  and  two  years  at  the  National 
Heart  and  Lung  Institute  in  Bethesda,  Md.  He  also 
completed  a  residency  in  radiology  at  Duke.  For  25 
years,  he  was  a  vascular  and  interventional  radiologist 
and  an  associate  professor  of  radiology  at  Duke 
Medical  Center. 

He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Mary  Bergson 
Newman  '72;  two  daughters,  including  Kathryn 
A.  Newman  '08;  and  two  brothers. 


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where  he  conducted  a  five-year  study  of  the  relations 
between  Chtistians  and  followers  of  other  major 
religions. 

He  came  to  Duke  in  1964,  teaching  the  history  of 
religions  for  30  years.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
Committee  on  History  of  Religions  of  the  American 
Council  of  Learned  Societies  and  a  Danforth  Fellow. 

He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Marilyn;  two  daughtets; 
a  son;  and  two  granddaughters. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE      November-December   200.S 


Under  the  Gargoyle 


Teaching  Milton 

By  REYNOLDS  PRICE 

I  discovered  the  work  of  John  Milton  as  a 
boy  at  Duke  in  the  mid  1950s  in  three 
courses  taught  by  three  very  different 
teachers.  Then  I  studied  him  at  Oxford 
for  three  years,  wrote  a  thesis  on  him,  and 
returned  to  Duke  where  I've  taught  him 
since  1958.  At  times  I  feel  that  my  relations 
with  his  work  have  lasted  as  long  as  he  has 
endured  among  us — and  he  was  born  four 
hundred  years  ago,  on  December  9,  1608. 

What  has  rewarded  me  so  continuously 
in  the  work  of  a  man  whom  some  readers  find 
repugnant?  When  I  first  encountered  him,  I 
was  captured  by  the  outright  love  of  beauti- 
ful language  which  drove  him.  Far  more 
than  meaning  or  moral  intention,  I  felt  the 
urgency  of  his  need  to  generate  memorable 
versions  of  the  English  language;  and  I  be- 
gan to  see  how  successfully  he  did  so. 

Since  I  was  thirteen  I'd  been  aware  of  a 
similar  love  in  myself  and  had  written  poems 
and  a  play  which  attempted  that  same 
power.  Unremarkable  though  my  boyish 
work  now  seems,  I  can  recall  the  excite- 
ment with  which  I  wrote  the  pieces.  Before 
I  came  to  read  Milton,  I'd 
read  Shakespeare  in  high 
school — Macbeth  and  Julius 
Caesar — and  had  surren- 
dered to  his  narrative  gen- 
ius; but  my  meeting  with 
Milton,  some  three  years 
later,  was  of  a  different  or- 
der of  power — one  that's 
never  relented. 

Such  power  is  inexplica- 
ble— as  is  all  beauty — from 
the  smallest  flower  to  the 
ceiling  of  the  Sistine  Chap- 
el, the  giant  pillars  of  Dur- 
ham Cathedral  in  England,  or  Milton's  lan- 
guage and  structure  from  his  first  great  poem 
("On  the  Morning  of  Christ's  Nativity")  till 
the  late  sonnet  on  the  wife  who,  owing  to 
his  blindness,  he  never  saw,  and  the  over- 
whelming ten  thousand  lines  of  Paradise 
Lost.  Yet  so  important  has  he  been  to  the  core 


So  important  has  Milton 
been  to  the  core  of  my 
happiness  and,  finally,  my 
survival  of  paraplegia  at 
the  age  of  fifty-two  that 
I've  struggled  to  convey 
the  mystery  of  his  poetry 
to  as  many  Duke  students 
as  I  can  reach. 


of  my  happiness  and,  finally,  my  survival  of 
paraplegia  at  the  age  of  fifty-two  that  I've 
struggled  to  convey  the  mystery  of  his  poet- 
ry to  as  many  Duke  students  as  I  can  reach. 
Obviously,  my  feeling  for  Milton's  work 
has  evolved  in  those  five  decades;  and  that 
evolution  has  changed  my  teaching  of  the 
poems  (owing  to  its  socketing  in  a  complex 
political  situation,  I've  never  taught  much 
of  his  prose).  Initially,  I  began  a  semester's 
work  with  several  hours  of  attention  to  his 
brief  early  poems,  the  matchless  "Lycidas" 
(the  greatest  of  shorter  English  poems),  his 
sonnets,  and  finally  Paradise  Lost  and  Sam- 
son Agonistes.  As  the  years  have  passed,  and 
the  background  of  Duke  undergraduates  has 
changed  radically,  I  spend  little  time  on  the 
early  verse.  Comprehending  its  demands  re- 
quires considerable  knowledge  of  the  world 
of  Milton's  early  life,  and  so  few  Duke  stu- 
dents have  read  enough  to  prepare  them  for 
such  an  encounter  (they've  read  so  little  of 
anything).  Now  we  spend  a  few  weeks  on  the 
indispensable  "Nativity  Ode"  and  on  "Ly- 
cidas," and  then — with  some  introduction 
to  the  events  of  Milton's 
adult  life — we  move  for- 
ward to  ten  weeks  on  Par- 
adise Lost. 

No  epic  poem  in  any  Euro- 
pean language — and  The  Di- 
vine Comedy  is  not  an  epic 
— approaches  Paradise  Lost 
in  its  narrative  fascination 
and  the  linguistic  brilliance 
with  which  it  evokes  its 
story  of  the  fall  of  mankind 
through  Satan's  temptation 
of  Eve  and  the  rescue  of 
both  Adam  and  Eve  from 
their  fall  by  the  grace  of  God  (rescued 
though  they  are,  their  willful  disobedience 
of  God's  command  in  eating  from  the  for- 
bidden tree  will  leave  them,  and  all  their 
genetic  descendants,  marred  by  an  eternal 
degree  of  sin). 

A  majority  of  my  students  today  lack  cer- 


tainty about  the  literal  truth  of  the  Genesis 
story  of  a  fall  or  the  scar  of  original  sin,  but  I 
think  I  convince  many  of  them  of  the  gravi- 
ty with  which  Milton  advances  the  old 
story  and  his  conviction  of  our  ongoing 
guilt  as  the  children  of  Adam  and  Eve.  And 
in  recent  years,  I've  found  my  own  answer 
to  the  long-unsolved  question  of  the  identi- 
ty of  Milton's  hero  in  the  poem — is  it  Satan 
(as  so  many  believe),  Adam,  or  the  Son  of 
God  Himself?  Surely,  though,  we  gradually 
learn  that  the  hero  of  the  poem  is  Eve, 
when  she  concludes  that  salvation  for  her- 
self, and  the  husband  whom  she  has  cheat- 
ed, lies  in  her  falling  suppliant  and  implor- 
ing Adam's  forgiveness.  Milton  sees  that 
the  human  race  could  literally  not  have 
continued  without  her  generous  gesture. 

The  scene  of  Eve's  begging  and  Adam's 
raising  her  to  upright  forgiveness  is  as 
moving  as  any  in  Shakespeare's  tragedies, 
and  nowhere  does  Shakespeare's  verse  sur- 
pass Milton's  power.  I've  long  felt  that 
most  women  are  better  creatures  than  men. 
Milton  is  sometimes  thought  of  as  being  a 
misogynist,  but  the  conclusion  of  his  epic 
profoundly  denies  that  charge.  And  after 
a  history  of  four  hundred  years,  Milton  is 
more  alive  than  ever.  Male  or  female,  if 
you  missed  him  in  college,  it's  by  no  means 
too  late  to  add  his  genius  to  the  depths 
of  your  mind.  Since  his  power  as  a  moral 
teacher  is  as  great  as  his  beauty,  you  may 
well  be  a  better  creature  once  you  read 
the  last  line. 

Price  '55  is  ]ames  B .  Duke  Professor  of 
English  and  the  author  of  thirty-seven  volumes 
of  fiction,  poetry,  memoir,  essays,  and  plays 
His  new  memoir,  Ardent  Spirits,  will  be 
published  this  spring. 


/w.  dukemagazine.dll  ke.edu 


7-19,2009 


v 


Recapture  the  fun,  the  friendships, 
and  the  magic  of  your  Duke  experience 

Reunions  2009  offers  something  for  everyone.  From  educational 
sessions  to  class  parties,  from  tours  and  performance  events  to 
sports  clinics,  we've  got  a  great  Reunions  Weekend  coming  your 
way  this  spring. 

Your  reunion  begins  online  atwww.DukeReunions.com. 

Classes  of  1959, 1964, 1969, 1974, 1979, 1984, 1989, 
1994, 1999,  2004:  Start  making  your  plans  online  now!  Click 
on  your  class  year  for  travel  and  lodging  options.  You'll  also  want  to 
see  what  everyone  has  been  doing  lately,  and  don't  forget  to  add 
your  name  to  the  list  of  classmates  planning  to  attend. 

Reunions  2009  -  Engage  •  Connect  •  Celebrate 


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Five  years  ago,  I  would  never  have  imagined  collaborating  with 

talented  Duke  alumni  to  create  a  performance  that  reflects  the 

modern,  questioning  spirit  of  the  Bloomsbury  group.  My 

seminar  with  Professor  Craufurd  Goodwin  explored  those 

Bloomsbury  polymaths  and  exemplified  the  interdisciplinary 

approach  of  Graduate  Liberal  Studies  at  Duke.  How 

could  we  not  respond  to  writers,  artists  and  thinkers 

such  as  Virginia  Woolf,  Maynard  Keynes,  Vanessa 

Bell  and  Roger  Fry  as  they  confronted  a  new  century? 

Naomi  Lambert  (AM  2006) 
Community  Organizer,  Raleigh 

Graduate  Liberal  Studies  at  Duke  offers  an  inter- 
disciplinary graduate  degree  that  gives  students 
the  opportunity  to  expand  their  knowledge  and  to 
continue  their  personal  and  professional  growth. 
Visit  www.mals.duke.edu. 


DUKE     UNIVERSITY 


^2£ 


We  are  proud  to  be  part  of  Duke  in  Depth  celebrating  one  of  the  most  influential,  creative  communities  of  the  20th  Century.  Visit  www.bloomsburyatduke.com 
Photo:  GLS  Alumni  Jason  Chumley  (2003),  Naomi  Lambert  (2006),  Joshua  Bond  (2008).  Performing  Carrington  and  Strachey  at  Tidmarsh,  Duke  in  Depth 


5'   Genetics  Detective 
Marine-Lab  Immersion  J 
Guardian  of  the  Airwaves 


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1 

J 

In  2006,  Jeff  and  Donna  Mensh  retired 
to  Chapel  Hill  to  be  close  to  one  of  their 
three  sons,  Danny  T'96,  and  to  be  close 
to  Duke.  They  lived  for  many  years  in 
Maryland,  where  Jeff  built  the  insurance 
agency  J. C.  Mensh  &  Associates.  When 
Danny  came  to  Duke  and  joined  the 
golf  team,  Jeff  and  Donna  began  following 
Duke  golf,  basketball,  and  lacrosse. 

"We've  developed  many  wonderful 
relationships  as  Duke  parents  and  as 
Blue  Devil  fans  and  supporters,"  Donna 
said.  When  Danny  was  a  student,  Jeff 
reconnected  with  fellow  Ohio  Wesleyan 
alum  Tom  Butters,  then  Duke's  athletics 
director.  "Over  the  years,"  Jeff  said,  "we've 
been  welcomed  warmly  at  games  and 
events  by  Duke  coaches,  administrators, 
and  athletes." 

Jeff  and  Donna  have  supported  important 
facility  fund-raising  efforts,  including  a  golf 
practice  facility,  the  William  D.  Murray 
Building,  the  Schwartz-Butters  Building, 
and  the  Michael  W.  Krzyzewski  Center 
for  Athletic  Excellence.  They  created  a 
permanent  endowment  to  support  a  golf 
scholarship,  and  they  also  support  athletic 
scholarships  through  the  Iron  Dukes. 

Recently,  Jeff  and  Donna  decided  to 
expand  their  support  of  student-athletes  at 
Duke.  Through  a  bequest,  they  will  endow 

m 

scholarships  for  men's  and  women's 
lacrosse  players.  "We  wanted  to  support 
Duke  beyond  what  our  current  giving 
would  allow,"  said  Jeff.  "By  including  Duke 

W:Jr\'-- 

w 

in  our  estate  plans,  we  can  help  ensure 
the  future  strength  of  programs  that  mean 

i 
| 

7Ms 

a  great  deal  to  us." 

To  explore  ways  you  can  ensure  the  future 



m •  ^|  RSI 

of  Duke  programs  that  mean  a  lot  to 
you,  visit  giving.duke.edu/giftplanning 

or  contact: 

liUHI 

NIVERS 

DLANh 

TY 

JING 

Duke  University  Office  of  Gift  Planning 

Box  90600 

Durham,  North  Carolina  27708 

Phone    (919)681-0464 

Fax        (919)684-9731 

Email     gift.planning@dev.duke.edu 

Cover:  Duke  goes  to  war:  V-12  Marine 
detachment,  foreground;  Navy 
trainees,  background.  Courtesy  Duke 
University  Archives. 


Vol.  95,  No.  1 


DUKE 


Magazine 


JANUARY-FEBRUARY  2009 


EDITOR:  Robert  J.  Bliwise  A.M. '88 

MANAGING  EDITOR:  2oelngalls 

SENIOR  WRITER:  Bridget  Booher  '82,  A.M.  '92 

CLAY  FELKEfi  MAGAZINE  FELLOW: 

Jacob  Dagger '03 

SENIOR  EDITORIAL  ASSISTANT:  Kate  Bailey 

PUBLISHERS:  Sterlyl.  Wilder  '83  and 

Peter  Vaughn 

STUDENT  INTERNS:  Chrissy  DINicola  '11, 

Tina  Mao  11,  Connor  Southard  12,  Kevin 

Plattenburg  '12,  Sherril  Yuen  '12 

DESIGN  CONSULTANT: 

Maxine  Mills  Graphic  Design 

PRINTER:  Progress  Printing 

Duke  Magazine  Online 
+  Web-only  content 

www.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


www.dukemagazine.duke.ed 


Mapping  World  War  II  Memories 
Center  Court  Close-up 


OFFICERS,  DUKE  ALUMNI  ASSOCIATION: 

Ann  Pelham  74,  president 

Sterlyt.  Wilder  '83,  secretary-treasurer 

EDITORIAL  ADVISORY  BOARD: 

Peter  Applebome  '71,  chair; 

Sarah  Hardesty  Bray  '72;  Jennifer  Farmer  '96 

Jerrold  K.  Footlick;  Robbvn  Footlick  '85 

Edward  M.  Gomez  '79;  Devin  Gordon  '98 

Kerry  E.  Hannon  '82;  John  Harwood  '78 

Dave  Karger  '95;  Nora  Krug  '9Z 

Stephen  Labaton  A.M./J.D.  '86 

Hugo  Lindgren  '90;  Sara  Lipka  '01 

Julia  Livshin  '96;  Valerie  A.  May  '77 

Susannah  Meadows  '95;  Michael  Milstein  '88 

N.  Page  Murray  III  '85;  Will  Pearson  '01 

Lauren  Porcaro  '96;  Shaun  Raviv  '01 

Richard  Reeves;  Jim  Rosenfield  '81 

Susan  Tifft  '73;  Greg  Veis  '03;  Jane  Vessels  '77 

David  Walters '04;  James  O.Wilson  74 

Shelby  Oppel  Wood  '95;  Robert  J.  Bliwise  A.M.  '88, 

secretary;  Clay  Felker  '51,  founding  chair 

DUKE  MAGAZINE  Box  90572,  Durham,  N.C.  27708 

PHONE:  (919)  684-2875;  FAX:  (919)  681-1659 

E-MAIL:  dukemagwduke.edu 

ADDRESS  CHANGES:  Alumni  Records, 

^^mm  Box  90581, 

I^VS^H    Durham.  N.C.  27708 


We  Were  Soldiers  Once  and  Young  by  Bridget  Booher  with  additional  reporting  by  Kate  Bailey 
Over  the  course  of  World  War  II,  7,000  alumni  served  in  the  various  branches  of  the 
armed  forces;  here  they  reflect  on  the  events  that  changed  them,  and  the  world,  forever 

Expletive  Deleter  by  Barry  Yeoman 

As  head  of  the  FCC,  alumnus  Kevin  Martin  has  tackled  issues  as  controversial  as  when 
to  allow  dirty  words  on  television  and  how  to  rein  in  cable  companies 

Island  Paradise— With  Homework  ^  Robert].  Bliwise 

The  Duke  Marine  Lab  exudes  an  intensity  in  its  teaching  and  research,  even  as 
it  shows  a  more  modest  profile  than  Duke's  self-consciously  splendid  main  campus 

Departments 
Quad  Quotes 

Presidential  transition,  entrepreneurial  moments,  financial  collapse 

Forum 

Baseball  memories,  robot  fears,  libertarian  virtues 

Full  Frame 

Basketball's  reflected  glory 

Gazette 

Securing  financial  aid,  becoming  a  Rhodes  Scholar,  documenting  global  soccer, 
displaying  whale  research;  Sports:  the  mathematics  of  dart-throwing;  Campus  Observer: 
plant  invasion;  Q&A:  telling  history  and  studying  genetics 

Books 

Book  Notes:  Russian  media,  humanitarian  stories,  cultural  obsessions,  and  more 


Homecoming  highlights,  community  partnerships,  Mary  Lou  Williams  memories, 
trustee  nominations;  Retrospective:  grave  matters;  mini-profiles:  rookie  firefighter, 
supreme  biographer,  champion  storyteller 

Under  the  Gargoyle 

Ruminating  on  rankings 


Between 
the  Lines 


~  n  the  November  1941  Alumni  Registi 

Duke  President  Robert  L.  Flowers 

pondered  the  war  raging  overseas. 

"(W)hatever  may  be  the  outcome,"  he 

said,  "the  world  as  we  know  it  will  not  1 

the  same."  Almost  seven  decades  later,  \ 

asked  alumni  to  reflect  on  a  conflict  that 

remade  the  world — and  their  own  lives. 

During  World  War  II,  the  Register  re- 
ported on  courses  with  a  war  focus  and 
faculty  research  in  "defense  problems"; 
campaigns  to  sell  war  bonds  and  to  raise 
money  for  the  Red  Cross;  an  address  by 
the  British  ambassador  extolling  the  civi 
lizing  influence  of  education  in  a  dark  time 
Woman's  College  programs  in  "defense 
training"  and  "air  raid  preparation";  and 
the  graduation  of  sixty-six  M.D.'s — with 
sixty-one  seeking  military  commissions. 

The  July  1942  Register  reprinted  a  letter 
from  an  alumnus  in  the  military — the 
first  of  many  such  reprints,  with  datelines 
like  "Somewhere  in  France" — who  de- 
clared that  "with  God's  help  every  time  I 
go  out  to  meet  the  enemy  I'll  hear  the 
bells  of  the  Chapel  for  just  a  second 
and  for  every  peal  of  the  bells,  I'll  send  a 
burst  of  hot  lead  at  the  enemy."  That 
issue  also  reported  on  the  first  four  Duke 
alumni  killed  in  the  war. 

This  issue  of  the  magazine,  the  Registi 
successor  publication,  features  World 
War  II-era  alumni  with  their  stories  of 
harrowing  encounters  and  heroic  actions 
wrenching  losses  and  affirming  triumphs: 
attending  to  a  fellow  wounded  soldier, 
being  taken  prisoner  after  a  fierce  fire- 
fight,  helping  to  rescue  a  future  U.S.  pres 
ident.  There  are  accounts  of  a  Japanese 
sword  that  became  something  much  mo 
meaningful  than  a  victory  symbol,  and  oi 
a  campus  band,  the  Duke  Ambassadors, 
that  lost  eight  of  its  sixteen  members  in 
the  war. 

More  than  7,000  alumni  served  in  the 
armed  forces;  many  read  their  Register  at 
Army  and  Navy  libraries.  All  of  them 
undoubtedly  celebrated  the  August  1945 
issue.  Its  cover  captured  scenes  from  the 
campus  "observance  of  victory." 

— Robert  J.  Bliwise,  editt 


QUAD  QUOTES 


www.iuker 


;.duke.edu 


"The  message  that  worked 
is  the  message  that  has 
always  worked.  It's  that  we 
are  the  other,  that  we  are 
'them,'  not  'us.' " 

—Mara  Keisling,  executive 

director  of  the  National  Center 

for  Transgender  Equality,  on 

the  passage  of  California 

Proposition  8,  eliminating 

the  right  of  same-sex  couples 

to  marry,  at  an  Equality 

North  Carolina  conference 

held  at  Duke 

"There's  a  symbolism  in 
this  move  that  hasn't  been 
stressed  yet  that  needs  to 
be....  President-elect 
Obama  may  be  signaling 
that  the  change  that  is 
coming  is  course  correc- 
tions rather  than  abrupt 
about-faces,  that  he's  not 
going  to  make  the  mistake 
that  many  people  thought 
Bush  made,  arriving  with 
an  anything-but-Clinton, 
ABC,  mentality." 

—Peter  Feaver,  Alexander  F. 

Hehmeyer  professor  of  politi- 
cal science,  on  Barack  Obama's 
re-appointment  of  Robert 

Gates  as  secretary  of  defense, 
on  the  PBS  NewsHour 

"This  is  for  all  the  Duke 
students  who  wanted  to 
get  a  Quidditch  team  up 
and  running.  This  is  just 
one  more  thing  we  can  kill 
UNC  in!" 

—Description  on  the  Facebook 

page  for  Duke  Quidditch,  a 

team  slated  to  compete 

against  other  college  teams  in 

a  "muggle"  version  of  Harry 

Potter's  favorite  sport 

"In  this  country,  we  do  the 
projections  on  how  many 
prisons  to  build  based  on 
third-grade  African- Ameri- 
can male  reading  levels.  We 
do  so  little  for  you  after  the 
third  grade  that  we  can 


essentially  know  how  many 
of  those  young  people  are 
going  to  end  up  in  jail. 
That's  the  biggest  social  in- 
justice imaginable." 

—Michelle  Rhee,  reform- 
minded  chancellor  of  the 
Washington,  D.C,  public  school 
system,  in  an  address  at 
the  Terry  Sanford  Institute 
of  Public  Policy 

"This  beast  of  a  document 
will  keep  many  lawyers  in 
business  and  give  many 
librarians  headaches." 
—Kevin  Smith,  Duke's  scholarly 

communications  officer,  on  a 
settlement  among  Google, 

publishers,  and  authors  over 
Google's  Book  Search  project, 

on  his  university  library  biog 

"Neither  party  has  been 
good  at  reining  in  the  presi- 
dent because  they  have  an 
institutional  interest  in  not 
diminishing  the  office  of 
the  president." 

—Libertarian  presidential 

candidate  Bob  Barr,  calling 

for  an  end  to  the  two-party 

system  during  a  campaign 

event  at  Duke 

"My  guess  is  that  if  you 
asked  most  successful  entre- 
preneurs, they'd  agree  that 
there  are  very  few  big  'We 
did  it!'  moments  or  big 
breaks  that  people  dream 
about.  It's  much  more 
waking  up  every  day  and 
working  to  take  one  more 
step  forward." 

—Will  Pearson  '01,  president 

and  co-founder  of  mental_floss 

magazine,  in  a  speech  during 

Duke's  Entrepreneurship  Week 

"I  thought  they  were  cute 
before,  but  they're  not  so 
cute  now." 

—Sophomore  Dana  Opperman, 
whose  dorm  room  was 
overtaken  by  a  swarm  of  lady- 
bugs,  in  The  Chronicle 


"This  is  not  reassuring." 
—James  Cox,  Brainerd  Currie 
professor  of  law,  on  the 
Federal  Reserve  naming  the 
former  chief  risk  manager  of 
failed  investment  bank  Bear 
Stearns  to  a  senior  position 
overseeing  the  financial  sound- 
ness of  banks,  on  msnbc.com 

"This  is  a  clear  warning 
shot  to  the  government.... 
These  are  probably  not  the 
last  detainees  to  be  ordered 
released." 

—Scott  Silliman,  professor  of 
the  practice  of  law  and  execu- 
tive director  of  Duke's  Center 
on  Law,  Ethics,  and  National 
Security,  after  a  federal  judge 
ordered  the  release  of  five 
Algerian  men  detained  as 
"enemy  combatants"  for  seven 
years  at  Guantanamo  Bay,  in 
The  Washington  Post 

"In  his  Congressional  testi- 
mony on  the  collapse  of  the 
global  financial  system,  Alan 
Greenspan  sounded  like  a 
man  who  had  seen  his  uni- 
verse tremble,  whose  faith 
had  been  challenged. ...  Mr. 
Greenspan,  who  once  wor- 
shipped at  the  feet  of  Ayn 
Rand,  seemed  genuinely 
shaken.  How  could  these 
things  be?" 

—James  Boyle,  William  Neal 

Reynolds  Professor  of  law,  in 

the  Financial  Times 

"Why  does  this  latest  act  of 
brutality  cut  so  deep?  Per- 
haps because  Mumbai 
found  its  way  into  my  heart. 
I  saw  a  city  of  kind  and  gen- 
erous people,  from  house- 
keepers to  taxi  drivers  to 
the  corn  grillers  at  the  Dadar 
shoreline  and  roll-makers  at 
Bade  Miyan,  behind  the  Taj 
Mahal  hotel." 

— Hirsh  Sandesara  '06,  who  lived 
in  Mumbai  for  several  months 
last  year,  on  the  November  ter- 
rorist attacks,  in  The  Chronicle 


Up,  up,  and  away:  Hot-air 
balloons  take  flight  from  the 
courtyard  of  Keohane  Quad. 


"It  has  been  said  that  a  man's 
health  can  be  measured  by 
which  he  takes  two  at  a 
time — pills  or  stairs.  As  our 
society  grows  increasingly 
reliant  on  medications, 
lifestyle  strategies  such  as 
exercise  seem  like,  well,  a 
no-brainer." 

—P.  Murali  Doraiswamy, 
associate  professor  of 
biological  psychiatry,  on 
the  connection  between  exer- 
cise and  memory  loss,  in 
Scientific  American 

"Parents  set  higher  expecta- 
tions for  girls,  so  they  have 
more  chances  to  feel  like 
they're  failing.  Parents  ex- 
pect boys  to  act  like  boys. 
Girls  are  more  likely  to  see 
themselves  as  having  to 
be  perfect." 

—Timothy  Strauman,  professor 

and  chair  of  psychology  and 

neuroscience,  on  a  recent 

study  that  found  girls  are 

more  likely  to  ruminate  on 

negative  events,  making  them 

more  vulnerable  to  depression 

in  adolescence  than  boys, 

in  Gist  From  the  Mill,  a 

newsletter  published  by 

Duke's  Social  Science 

Research  Institute 

"We  try  to  do  whatever  we 
can  to  make  ticket  prices 
reasonable,  but  when  times 
are  tough,  times  are  tough." 
—Duke  Performances,  in  an  e- 
mail  message  offering  compli- 
mentary tickets  for  undersold 
shows  to  patrons 

"There  are  six  billion  people 
in  the  world,  and  probably 
half  of  them  live  outside  the 
rule  of  law.  For  over  half  the 
world,  the  law  is  an  obsta- 
cle, not  an  aid  to  progress. 
It's  a  threat,  not  a  promise. 
And  this  must  change." 

—Supreme  Court  Justice 

Anthony  Kennedy,  speaking 

at  the  dedication  of  the 

School  of  Law's  new  Star 

Commons  and  renovated 

Goodson  Law  Library 


January-February  2009 


Forum 


Please  limit  letters 

to  300  words  and 

include  your  full 

name,  address,  and 

class  year  or 

Duke  affiliation. 

We  reserve  the 

right  to  edit  for 

length  and  clarity. 


Field  of  Memories 

I  wanted  to  thank  you  for 
the  excellent  article  on  Bill 
Werber  '30  ["Oldest  Living 
Major  League  Ballplayer 
Tells  All,"  September-Octo- 
ber 2008].  It  was  a  great  spot- 
light on  an  engaging  Duke 
alum,  and  it  shared  some 
very  exciting  stories  from 
the  Golden  Era  of  baseball 
in  the  '30s  and  '40s. 

I  really  appreciated  the 
chance  to  learn  more  about 
Mr.  Werber  and  his  experi- 
ences and  look  forward  to 
reading  more  exciting  arti- 
cles like  this  in  the  future. 

Michael  Schwartz, 

M.B.A.  candidate 

Durham 

Regrettably,  the  history  of 
Bill  Werber,  one  of  Duke's 
great  athletes,  also  includes 
a  less  laudable  side. 

In  the  1960s,  during  the 
dark  days  of  the  civil  rights 
struggle  in  Durham,  several 
Duke  professors  who  were 
associated  with  the  civil 
rights  demonstrators  were 
singled  out  by  the  segrega- 
tionists, and  calls  were 
heard  for  their  being  fired. 
A  small  pamphlet  written 
and  distributed  by  Bill  Wer- 
ber added  to  the  clamor.  In 
it,  Werber  identified  several 
faculty  members  as  sexual 
perverts,  drug  addicts,  and 
Communists  and  urged  his 
fellow  alumni  to  withhold 
contributions  from  Duke 
until  the  university  acted  to 
remove  them.  I  was  among 
those  listed  by  name.  As  I 
was  neither  a  Communist,  a 
drug  user,  or  sexually  per- 
verted, I  filed  suit  for  libel, 


with  the  tacit  approval  of 
the  university's  president 
and  the  explicit  support  of 
the  dean  of  the  chapel. 

The  case  was  tried  in 
Washington.  On  the  wit- 
ness stand,  Werber  admit- 
ted to  having  hired  a  detec- 
tive to  investigate  me,  and 
said  he  had  been  told  that 
his  charges  were  mistaken. 
As  Werber  nonetheless  per- 
sisted in  repeating  his  libel 
(in  one  letter,  he  described 
me  as  resembling  the  goats 
that  were  the  subjects  of 
one  of  my  studies),  the 
judge  ordered  the  jury  to 
bring  in  a  verdict  of  guilty. 

A  small  amount  of  dam- 
ages was  also  awarded  but 
later  set  aside  on  the  grounds 
that  I  could  not  show  that  I 
had  suffered  damage  to  my 
reputation.  Unfortunately, 
the  same  could  not  be  said 
for  gifts  to  the  alumni  fund, 
which,  evidently,  did  fall 
off  subsequent  to  Werber's 
diatribe. 

The  judge  in  the  case,  in- 
cidentally, was  Barrington 
Parker,  who  was  later  ele- 
vated to  the  federal  court  of 
appeals. 

Peter  Klopfer, 

professor  emeritus  of  biology 
Durham 


In  Jon  Scher's  fine  article  on 
Bill  Werber,  he  mentions 
Dr.  Few  as  umpire.  There's 
another  story  about  Coach 
Jack  Coombs  that  deserves 
telling. 

It  was  the  first  year  of  the 
fearsome  Wallace  Wade's 
coming  to  Duke.  I  was  assis- 
tant baseball  manager  and 
in  the  dugout  during  prac- 
tice. Coach  was  on  the  field. 
He  returned  to  find  Mr. 
Wade  sitting  on  the  bench. 
I  think  I  can  quote  with 
utmost  accuracy.  Coach 
Coombs:  "Mr.  Wade,  you 
are  the  football  coach.  You 
have  your  stadium.  I  am  the 
baseball  coach,  and  you're 
sitting  on  my  bench.  Get 
out!" 

Without  a  word,  Wade  got 
up  and  went  to  sit  in  the 
stands.  Even  Dr.  Few  would 
not  have  had  the  guts  to 
cross  Mr.  Wade  in  those  days. 

David  Henderson  '35,  ]. D.  '37 
Charlotte 

Please  consider  this  a  re- 
sponse to  the  excellent  arti- 
cle on  Bill  Werber. 

As  I  was  a  Philadelphia 
Athletics  fan  since  child- 
hood, I  saw  most  of  the  Duke 
players  on  Connie  Mack's 
team:  Wayne  Ambler  '37, 


Crash  Davis  '40,  Ace 
Parker  '37,  Eric  Tipton  '39, 
Hal  Wagner '38,  Chubby 
Dean '38,  and  Bill  Werber. 

And  I  recall  that  after 
the  freshman-orientation 
meeting  in  the  summer  of 
1947, 1  went  over  to  the 
baseball  field  to  see  where 
these  guys  played  and 
where  I  would  play  and 
hope  that,  just  maybe,  I'd 
follow  that  lineup  back 
home  to  the  Philadelphia 
Athletics. 

Well,  unfortunately,  it 
didn't  work  out  that  way. 
In  four  years,  I  pitched  and 
won  only  two  games  and 
was  primarily  reduced  to 
pitching  batting  practice. 

In  '48  and  '49,  Wake 
Forest,  North  Carolina 
State,  and  North  Carolina 
cleaned  our  clock,  and  we 
didn't  get  much  better  in 
'50,  even  though  basketball 
great  and  future  MVP  Pitts- 
burgh Pirate  shortstop  Dick 
Groat  '53  joined  us. 

However,  in  '51,  we  defi- 
nitely improved,  with  two 
strong  pitchers,  Joe  Lewis 
and  Bob  Davis,  along  with 
a  brash,  hard-hitting,  left- 
handed  freshman  first  base- 
man who  incurred  the 
wrath  of  us  seniors  and  iun- 


/.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


Safe:  Werber  steals  third  during  eighth  inning  of  1939  Reds-Dodgers  game. 


iors  with  his  irritating,  con- 
stant demand  that  we  hus- 
tle more. 

The  team  record  that 
year  dramatically  improved 
to  17-8,  and  we  proceeded 
to  win  the  Southern  Con- 
ference Championship. 

How  about  that!  I  finally 
won  my  second  game 
against  Michigan  State 
when  Groat  drove  in  the 
winning  run.  The  next  day, 
Coach  Coombs  said,  "Your 
curveball  looked  good  yes- 
terday, Klein." 

Well,  the  coach  finally 
had  a  winner  and  was 
happy,  along  with  everyone 
else,  including,  lest  I  forget, 
the  brash,  hard-hitting, 
left-handed  freshman  first 
baseman,  I  guess  one  would 
call  "a  chip  off  the  old 
block,"  Bill  Werber  Jr. '53. 

Lewis  P.  Klein  Jr.  '51 
Lonsdale,  Pennsylvania 

Fool  Me  Twice 

In  the  September-October 
issue's  Gazette  section  is  a 
report  about  microscopic 
robots  being  developed  by 
Bruce  Donald,  professor  of 
computer  science  and  bio- 
chemistry. I  wonder  if  he 
has  read  Prey,  a  novel  by 
Michael  Crichton  that 
describes  a  similar  inven- 
tion with  horrifying  results. 

Jane  Romeyn  P'71 
Vero  Beach,  Florida 


Talking  Politics 

In  a  letter  in  the  Septem- 
ber-October issue,  Herbert 
Lodder  complains  about  the 


article  in  the  previous  issue 
on  the  Ron  Paul  presiden- 
tial campaign,  saying  that 
the  magazine  needs  more 
"balancing."  In  my  view, 
that  article  provided  the 
balance,  since  Paul's  limited 
government  philosophy  is 
profoundly  at  odds  with  al- 
most everything  we  hear 
from  Democrats,  Republi- 
cans, and  most  political 
writers. 

Lodder  expresses  his 
opposition  to  both  the 
Bush  administration  and 
Paul  (never  mind  that  Paul 
has  opposed  the  administra- 
tion on  many  votes  in  the 
House),  saying,  "there  are 
indications  that  concerns 
for  the  needs  of  others  such 
as  the  working  class  and 
the  poor  ...  are  simply  not 
priorities." 

Unfortunately,  Lodder 
doesn't  understand  the  case 
against  our  enormous  state. 
Paul's  argument,  which 
finds  a  great  deal  of  intel- 
lectual support,  is  that  big 
government  is  harmful  to 
the  poor,  the  working  class, 
to  our  civil  liberties,  to  pro- 
gress and  prosperity.  What 
most  politicians  do  is  an 
elaborate  deception,  pre- 
tending to  care  about  "the 
people"  while  they  support 
innumerable  laws  and  pro- 
grams that  benefit  various 
interest  groups. 

The  result  is  to  divert 
resources  that  would  other- 
wise be  directed  to  produc- 
tive ends  to  political  ends. 

The  same  politicians  who 
ostentatiously  campaign  as 
friends  of  the  poor  support 
an  array  of  policies  that  keep 
prices  high  (such  as  agricul- 


tural price  supports  and  the 
stupendous  folly  of  ethanol 
subsidies),  stifle  competi- 
tion (such  as  protective  tar- 
iffs), and  choke  off  avenues 
for  economic  advancement 
for  individuals  (such  as 
licensing  requirements). 
Poor  people  make  good 
political  mascots,  but  they 
have  no  idea  how  much 
better  off  they  would  be  if  it 
weren't  for  the  incessant 
meddling  of  their  supposed 
champions. 

It's  a  great  error  to  think 
that  the  well-off  favor  lais- 
sez-faire. Many  prefer  to  use 
political  influence  to  chan- 
nel subsidies  and  favors 
their  way.  Our  major  politi- 
cal parties  are  happy  to  ob- 
lige in  return  for  electoral 
support.  The  Democrats  are 
not  the  party  of  the  com- 
mon man,  and  the  Repub- 
licans are  not  the  party  of 
capitalism. 

In  my  experience,  people 
who  advocate  an  expansive 
state  make  a  quartet  of  mis- 
takes. They  overestimate 
the  problems  of  a  truly  free 
society  while  underestimat- 
ing the  capacity  of  free  peo- 
ple to  solve  the  problems 
that  do  exist.  At  the  same 
time,  they  overestimate  the 
ability  of  government  to 
solve  problems  and  under- 
estimate (and  usually  com- 
pletely overlook)  the  costs 
of  governmental  action. 
That  cloud  of  confusion 
makes  it  easy  for  politicians 
to  practice  their  con  game. 

George  C.  LeefJ.D.  '77 


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Duke 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     January-February  2009 


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Gazette 


ACROSS  THE  CAMPUS 


Banking  on  Student  Futures 

President  Richard  H.  Brodhead  an- 
nounced in  early  November  that  the 
university's  Financial  Aid  Initiative 
had  reached  its  overall  goal.  The 
initiative  was  launched  three  years  ago  to 
raise  at  least  $300  million  in  new  endow- 
ment for  financial  aid. 

The  uncertainty  in  the  economy  "makes 
it  more  important  than  ever"  that  Duke 
preserve  its  commitment  to  need-blind  ad- 
missions, Brodhead  said  at  a  celebration  on 
the  West  Campus  Plaza.  "Thanks  to  the  suc- 
cess of  the  initiative,  we  have  ensured  that  a 
Duke  education  will  remain  affordable  and 
accessible  to  all  students  and  families." 

This  past  December  the  university  intro- 
duced a  series  of  enhancements  to  its  need- 
based  undergraduate  financial-aid  program 
that  took  effect  in  the  2008-09  academic 
year.  These  enhancements  included  elimi- 
nating loans  for  families  with  incomes  less 
than  $40,000;  eliminating  the  parental 
contribution  for  families  with  incomes  less 
than  $60,000;  reducing  loans  for  students 
from  families  with  incomes  up  to  $100,000; 
and  capping  loans  for  eligible  families  with 
incomes  above  $100,000. 

Duke's  current  budget  includes  $86  million 
to  support  Duke's  undergraduate  financial- 
aid  program  and  fund  these  enhancements 
— a  19  percent  increase  from  the  2007-08 
financial-aid  budget.  About  45  percent  of 
undergraduates  receive  financial  support  to 


attend  Duke;  about  40  percent  receive  need- 
based  aid.  For  more  than  a  decade,  the  per- 
centage increase  of  Duke's  financial-aid 
support  has  far  outpaced  the  percentage  in- 
crease of  tuition. 

Voice  of  Reform 

Calling  Michelle  Rhee,  chancellor  of 
the  Washington,  D.C.,  public  school 
system,  an  "educational  reformer"  is 
like  calling  a  bulldozer  "something 
that  moves  dirt."  The  term  doesn't  begin  to 
do  justice  to  what  many  consider  her  radical 
transformations  of  the  D.C.  system,  one  of 
the  nation's  worst. 

Rhee,  thirty-seven,  visited  Duke  in  No- 
vember to  talk  about  her  first  year-and-a- 
half  on  the  job  in  a  lecture  sponsored  by  the 
Office  of  the  President  and  the  Sanford 
Institute  of  Public  Policy.  During  her  ten- 
ure, she  has  alarmed  many  in  the  education 
establishment  with  her  dogged  pursuit  of  a 
complete  system  overhaul  within  eight  years. 
Recently,  she  has  tackled  the  teacher's  union 
with  a  controversial  proposal  to  increase 
teacher  pay  to  $100,000  or  more  in  exchange 
for  giving  up  tenure. 

During  one  recent  visit  to  an  elementary 
school  in  a  low-income  neighborhood,  Rhee 
was  struck  by  differences  she  saw  in  two 
classrooms  across  the  hallway  from  one 
another.  In  one  room,  the  teacher  engaged 
students  in  a  critical  discussion  about  Greek 


Ensuring  affoi  dability:  trustee  emerita  Sally  Dalton 
Robinson  '55,  co-chair  of  the  Financial  Aid  Initiative 
development  committee,  with  President  Brodhead 
and  students  at  November  celebration. 

mythology,  while  in  the  other,  "the  exact  op- 
posite was  happening."  The  teacher  there 
was  flicking  the  lights  on  and  off  and  scream- 
ing at  her  pupils  to  quiet  down. 

This  was  in  "the  same  crappy  school  with 
no  air  conditioning  and  rainwater  flooding 
in  through  the  ceiling  tiles,"  she  said.  "And 
one  group  of  kids  was  getting  a  phenomenal 
education,  and  one  was  not,  simply  because 
of  the  teachers  who  were  in  front  of  them 
every  single  day." 

In  a  district  high  school,  Rhee  spoke  with 
students  who  bubbled  with  enthusiasm  about 
one  of  their  teachers — a  Teach  For  America 
participant  who  engaged  them  in  classes 
and  tutored  them  outside  of  school. 

Rhee  tracked  down  the  teacher,  who  de- 
scribed being  discouraged  by  fellow  teachers 
from  putting  in  the  extra  effort.  He  told  her 
that  he  wasn't  sure  this  was  the  type  of  environ- 
ment where  he  could  have  long-term  success. 

"It  was  the  saddest  conversation  you  could 
possibly  have,"  Rhee  recalled. 

"I  want  to  make  sure  that  I'm  clear  that 
we  have  lots  and  lots  of  teachers  in  our  sys- 
tem who  do  heroic  things  every  single  day," 
she  told  the  audience.  "They  are  amazing 
people  who  go  above  and  beyond  the  call  of 
duty.  The  problem  is  that  we  don't  actually 
recognize  and  reward  those  people." 


.dukemagaiine.duke.edu 


GO  BEYOND  THE  PRINT 
Oxford  Bound 

Julia  Parker  Goyer  '07  became  Duke's 
forty-second  Rhodes  Scholar  when  she 
was  chosen  from  among  796  applicants 
from  across  the  country.  A  native  of  Bir- 
mingham, Alabama,  Goyer  will  study  com- 
parative and  international  education  at  the 
University  of  Oxford  in  England. 

As  an  undergraduate,  Goyer  helped  start 
Coach  for  College,  a  program  that  sends 
college  athletes  to  rural  communities  in  de- 
veloping countries  to  work  with  school- 
aged  children.  In  2008,  Coach  for  College 
sent  twenty  varsity  athletes — ten  each  from 
Duke  and  the  University  of  North  Carolina 
at  Chapel  Hill — to  Vietnam  to  conduct  sports 
clinics  and  teach  academics  to  Vietnamese 
students.  (The  program  was  featured  in  the 
September-October  issue  of  Duke  Magazine.) 

A  Robertson  Scholar  and  varsity  tennis 
player  at  Duke,  Goyer  says  she  plans  to  use 
her  time  at  Oxford  to  expand  the  Coach  for 
College  initiative  to  include  student-ath- 
letes from  other  American  universities  and 
programs  in  other  foreign  countries.  She 
recently  received  a  $175,000  grant  from  the 
U.S.  State  Department  and  renewed  sup- 
port from  the  two  universities  to  continue 
the  program  in  Vietnam  in  2009.  Coach  for 
College  is  now  administered  by  the  Duke 
Center  for  Civic  Engagement. 

Goyer  majored  in  psychology  with  a  con- 
centration in  neuroscience  and  is  enrolled 
in  the  doctoral  program  at  the  Harvard  Grad- 


to  Gazette  stories:  www.dukemagazine.du1 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     January-February  2009  9 


G 


ACROSS  THE  CAMPUS 


uate  School  of  Education,  where  she  is  ex- 
ploring ways  to  use  neuroscience  to  en- 
hance educational  practices.  She  will  take  a 
leave  of  absence  to  pursue  a  master's  degree 
at  Oxford. 

Economic  Uncertainties 

In  a  mid-December  letter  to  the  Duke 
community,  President  Richard  H.  Brod- 
head  highlighted  the  current  economic 
uncertainty,  but  noted,  "By  many  meas- 
ures, Duke  continues  to  enjoy  great  strength 
and  stability."  At  the  same  time,  he  added, 
"Duke's  endowment,  like  virtually  every 
other  investment  fund,  has  declined  over 
the  past  few  months.  In  addition,  research 
universities  such  as  Duke  are  also  uncertain 
about  the  future  of  other  funding  sources, 
including  federal  research  support." 

Brodhead  noted  that  as  of  early  Decem- 
ber, the  market  value  of  the  endowment 
was  approximately  19  percent  lower  than  it 
was  on  July  1,  when  it  stood  at  $6.1  billion. 
"This  is  a  serious  concern,  but  the  news 
could  be  worse.  First,  Duke's  investments 
have  been  skillfully  managed.  Over  the  past 
ten  years,  only  one  university  endowment 
has  outperformed  Duke's,  and  the  decline 
we  have  experienced  this  fall  has  not  been 
as  sharp  as  many  of  our  peers  have  reported. 
Second,  it  is  important  to  remember  that 
spending  from  the  endowment  has  histori- 
cally made  up  about  15  percent  of  the  uni- 
versity's annual  operating  budget — again,  a 
lower  proportion  than  many  of  our  peer 
institutions." 

Finally,  the  impact  on  the  university's 
activities  "will  be  tempered  by  our  spending 
policy,  which  calls  for  paying  out  5.5  per- 
cent of  the  average  value  of  the  endowment 
over  a  three-year  period,"  Brodhead  said. 
"This  policy  has  kept  us  from  overspending 
in  years  when  the  endowment  earned  large 
returns,  and  lessens  our  exposure  to  a  sharp 
downturn  now." 

Brodhead  outlined  several  steps  related  to 
the  financial  downturn.  They  include  identi- 
fying cost  reductions,  savings,  and  efficien- 
cies in  all  school  and  administrative  budg- 
ets, and  reviewing  and  potentially  delaying 


UPDATE 


"Leftward  Leanings , " 
Duke  Magazine, 
September-October 
2006 

Over  the  past  three  years, 
Duke  political  science 
chairman  Michael 
Munger,  who  has  been 
quoted  in  the  magazine  talking 
about  the  political  leanings  of  the 
faculty,  has  driven  tens  of  thou- 
sands of  miles,  crossing  the  state 
of  North  Carolina  multiple  times 
and  sharing  his  own  political 
message. 

Initially,  he  went  in  search  of 
volunteers,  campaign  funds,  and 
the  nearly  70,000  valid  signatures 
required  to  place  him  on  last 
November's  ballot  as  the  state's 
Libertarian  candidate  for  governor. 

Only  after  that  hurdle  was 
cleared  last  spring — and  much  of 
his  campaign  chest  spent  in  the 
process — was  Munger  able  to 
begin  his  gubernatorial  campaign 
in  earnest. 
North  Carolina's  ballot  access 

proposed  capital  projects  until  funding  sources 
are  clearly  defined.  He  also  reaffirmed  Duke's 
"core  commitments,"  including  faculty  ex- 
cellence and  student  financial  aid. 

Earlier  this  fall,  Harvard  University  said 
the  value  of  its  $36.9  billion  endowment 
had  fallen  22  percent  in  the  course  of  four 
months,  and  that  the  total  decline  for  the 
full  fiscal  year  was  expected  to  be  as  much 
as  30  percent.  Yale  University's  endowment 
had  fallen  at  least  13.4  percent  over  the  same 
period.  Harvard's  endowment  provides  34-5 
percent  of  its  operating  budget;  Yale's  en- 
dowment provides  44  percent. 

According  to  higher-education  finance  ex- 
perts cited  in  The  New  York  Times,  endow- 
ment-loss figures  given  by  each  university 


laws  are  some  of  the  most  restric- 
tive in  the  nation.  New  parties 
hoping  to  appear  on  the  ballot 
must  collect  signatures  represent- 
ing more  than  2  percent  of  voters 
from  the  previous  election;  and  in 
order  for  a  party  to  remain  on  the 
ballot  for  the  next  cycle,  its  candi- 
date for  governor — or  its  presi- 
dential electors— must  garner  at 
least  2  percent  of  the  popular  vote 
in  a  general  election. 

This  arrangement  typically 
leaves  "third"  parties  like  the 
Libertarians  running  in  circles, 
scrambling  to  collect  signatures  in 
time  to  qualify  for  an  election,  only 
to  see  their  candidates  trounced, 
and  the'HB" affiliations  purged 
from  voters' registration  forms. 

Munger  compared  the  cam- 
paign experience  to  an  Olympic 
contest:  "The  Democratic  candi- 
date, the  Republican  candidate, 


they  get  up,  they're  going  to  run 
the  100-yard  dash.  They  have  a 
nice  breakfast,  because  that's  the 
most  important  meal,  they  stretch, 
they're  ready  to  go. 

"The  Libertarian  candidate  or 
the  Green  candidate  has  to  run  a 
marathon  and  then  run  the  100- 
yard  dash." 

Munger  wasn't  the  first  to  the 
tape,  but,  after  wrangling  invita- 
tions to  several  televised  debates, 
nabbing  an  endorsement  from  The 
Chronicle's  editorial  board,  and  fin- 
ishing his  campaign  with  an  "old- 
fashioned,  hand-shaking,  back 
roads  and  small  towns  tour"  of  the 
state,  he  did  come  close — or  at 
least  as  close  as  he  needed  to. 

Polling  3  percent,  he  assured  the 
party  a  spot  on  the  2010  and  201 2 
ballots.  He  plans  to  run  for  the  U.S. 
Senate  in  2010. 


are  essentially  projections;  those  figures  are 
likely  to  shift  by  the  end  of  the  fiscal  year. 

Election  Reflections 

Less  than  two  weeks  after  hosting  a 
crowded  and  passionate  election-night 
watch  party,  the  Sanford  Institute  of 
Public  Policy  was  the  site  of  a  panel  dis- 
cussion that  took  a  more  measured  approach 
to  the  2008  elections,  focusing  on  media 
coverage  of  the  presidential  campaigns. 

The  2008  John  Fischer  Zeidman  Collo- 
quium on  Politics  and  the  Press  panel  fea- 
tured political  journalists  Mark  Shields  of 
PBS  and  CNN,  Ruth  Marcus  of  The  Wash- 
ington Post,  Jeff  Zeleny  of  The  New  York 


10 


.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


Unlike  the  legions  of 
fans  who  developed  a  love  for 
comics  in  childhood,  McClancy,  a 
seventh-year  graduate  student  in 
English,  didn't  begin  reading  them 
until  she  was  in  college.  On  one 
auspicious  day,  a  family  friend 
dropped  off  some  Fan  Man  comics, 
and  she  was  hooked.  "Suddenly, 
every  week  I  was  going  to  pick  up 
the  new  publication." 

McClancy  doesn't  read  comics 
purely  for  their  entertainment 
value.  As  an  organizer  of  the  Comics 
Arts  Conference— academic  pro- 
gramming that  takes  place  during 
the  popular  comic-book  conven- 
tions Comic-Con  International  and 
WonderCon — she  studies  them 
from  an  intellectual  perspective, 
driven  by  a  curious  mind,  the  desire 
to  bridge  the  gap  between  popular 
culture  and  academe,  and  the  abil- 
ity to  uncover  the  layers  of  com- 
plexity and  social  commentary  that 
can  be  found  in  comic  strips. 

This  interest,  perhaps,  stems 
from  her  desire  to  learn  more  about 
how  American  society  evolves. 

"I  read  pop  culture  because  I'm 
fascinated  [by]  the  way  American 
society  defines  itself,  the  way  we 
tell  ourselves  about  ourselves. 

■manifested  in  pop  culture  in 
iteresting  ways,"  McClancy 


says,  citing  the  Marvel  character 
"the  Punisher"as  an  example.  To 
avenge  the  murder  of  his  family, 
killed  by  the  Mafia,  he  turns  into  a 
vigilante  who  single-mindedly  hunts 
and  kills  members  of  the  Mob  and 
other  criminals.  But  McClancy, 
whose  dissertation  at  Duke  ex- 
plores how  Vietnam  War  veterans 
are  represented  in  popular  culture, 
says  the  character,  a  war  veteran, 
also  symbolizes  a  larger  shift  in  the 
mindsets  of  the  American  people. 

"As  we  get  further  and  further 
away  from  the  Vietnam  War,  what 
being  a  Vietnam  veteran  means 
starts  to  change "  she  says.  "We 
start  to  think  of  Vietnam  vets  not 
as  Dirty  Harry  but  as  John  McCain." 

Although  comics  and  popular 
culture  are  beginning  to  earn  re- 
spect as  legitimate  academic  fields, 
there  is  still  a  prevailing  disbelief 
that  comics  can  be  taken  seriously. 
Even  at  the  Comics  Arts  Conference, 
traditional  convention  attendees 
who  wander  into  the  academic  dis- 
cussions are  sometimes  shocked 
that  the  X-Men  or  Superman  are 
subjected  to  such  critical  scrutiny. 

"A  lot  of  people  have  the  im- 
pression that  comics  are  simplistic 
or  childish  in  their  treatment  of 
themes  and  in  their  artistic  value," 
McClancy  explains.  "They  were  that 
way  for  a  long  time  as  a  result  of  a 
certain  amount  of  censorship 
starting  in  the  1950s.  But  since  the 


'80s,  they've  become  increasingly 
thematically  complex." 

After  she  completes  her  degree, 
McClancy  hopes  to  find  a  faculty 
job  that  will  allow  her  to  continue 
her  work,  which  may  include  an 
examination  of  the  horror  comics 
of  the  1940s  and  1950s  that  were 
so  gruesome  they  ultimately  led  to 
the  censorship  of  the  medium. 

In  teaching  and  publishing 
about  popular  culture,  she  hopes  to 
encourage  people  to  think  about 
the  work  in  new  ways,  and  to  pre- 
vent it  from  fading  into  obscurity. 

"People  who  are  dressed  in 
Storm  Troopers  uniforms  will 
wander  into  our  academic  confer- 
ence and  then  start  to  participate, 
and  we  get  fourteen-year-old  kids 
asking  questions,"  she  says. 

"It's  a  way  of  trying  to  break 
down  the  distinctions  between 
academia  and  the  public." 

— Tina  Mao 


Times,  and  Garrett  Graff,  editor  at  large  of 
Washingtonian  magazine  and  founding  edi- 
tor of  mediabistro. corn's  "Fishbowl  D.C." 

Public  policy  professor  Jay  Hamilton, 
director  of  the  DeWitt  Wallace  Center  for 
Media  and  Democracy,  moderated  a  discus- 
sion about  the  shifting  media  landscape, 
one  in  which  traditional  print  and  televi- 
sion media  have  lost  ground  to  blogging  and 
other  forms  of  "new  media." 

Noting  the  Obama  campaign's  pioneer- 
ing use  of  text  messages  as  a  means  to  pro- 
vide updates  to  supporters,  the  Washing- 
tonian's  Graff  said,  "The  campaign  was  able 
to  set  up  a  sort  of  media  channel  completely 
separate  from  the  traditional  media  filter." 

Other  panelists  agreed  that  the  non-tra- 
ditional flow  of  information  in  the  2008 
campaign — which  saw  YouTube,  social  net- 
working sites,  and  countless  blogs  become 
serious  and  important  forums  for  political 
news  and  commentary — was  something 
revolutionary.  "This  is  a  campaign  that  we'll 
be  talking  about  for  a  good  long  time,"  said 
the  Times'  Zeleny,  adding  that  there  may  be 
cause  to  wonder  whether  the  print  media 
will  be  around  to  cover  future  campaigns. 

Graff  argued  that  the  use  of  YouTube  by 
campaign  insiders  and  outsiders  alike  was 
the  most  important  development  of  the 
2008  campaigns.  He  cited  the  case  of  for- 
mer Virginia  Senator  George  Allen,  a  man 
whom  many  had  assumed  was  next  in  line 
for  the  Republican  presidential  nomina- 
tion; Allen  instead  made  an  early  exit  from 
the  campaign  after  a  verbal  gaffe  at  a  public 
event  made  its  way  onto  the  popular  video- 
hosting  site.  "In  2004,  Swift  Boat  Veterans 
for  Truth  spent  $60,000  to  get  their  ads  on 
TV,"  Graff  said.  "Someone  posted  Allen's 
'macacca'  comment  on  YouTube  for  free." 

Shields  agreed,  lamenting  that  "we  won't 
see  another  campaign  like  the  2000  Straight 
Talk  Express....  Any  number  of  the  things 
McCain  said  to  us  on  the  bus  could  have 
killed  his  campaign  if  they  had  ended  up  on 
YouTube." 

This  year,  the  Obama  campaign  in  partic- 
ular was  extremely  careful  about  public 
statements,  even  those  made  outside  of  for- 
mal press  events,  Zeleny  said,  adding  that 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     January-February  2009 


11 


Gazette 

ACROSS  THE  CAMPUS 


the  idea  that  there  was  a  congratulatory  and 
genial  interplay  hetween  reporters  and  the 
candidate  and  his  staff  was  no  more  than  a 
myth.  "Ohama  is  certainly  a  friendly  person, 
but  he  was  guarded  and  didn't  speak  with  us 
as  much  as  we  would  have  liked." 

Added  Shields,  "The  Otama  people 
wouldn't  tell  you  if  your  coat  was  on  fire." 

Panel  members  expressed  concern  about 
the  increasing  "blurring  of  opinion  and  fact." 
The  Post's  Marcus  mourned  the  gaps  in  pub- 
lic understanding  when  it  becomes  too  easy 
for  news  consumers  to  choose  which  "buffet 
line"  to  enter — Fox  or  MSNBC,  Drudge  Re- 
port or  Huffington  Post.  Shields  summed  up 
the  panel's  distaste  for  this  development: 
"People  can  now  more  easily  pick  and  choose 
what  they  expose  themselves  to  instead  of 

www.dukemagaiine.duke 


Duke  is  undertaking  a  new  un- 
dergraduate global-citizenship 
initiative  through  its  Quality 
Enhancement  Plan  (QEP) — a 
major  element  of  its  upcoming  reaffir-    V 
mation  of  accreditation  by  the  Commis- 
sion on  Colleges  of  the  Southern  Associ- 
ation of  Colleges  and  Schools.  Called  "Glo- 
bal Duke:  Enhancing  Students'  Capacity  for 
World  Citizenship,"  the  plan  will  be  launched 
over  the  next  two  years. 


Gazette 


STATE  OF  THE  ARTS 


The  Global  Semester  Abroad  will  focus 
on  a  global  issue  studied  comparatively  in 
two  locations  overseas;  the  Winter  Forum 
will  be  an  on-campus  retreat  before  the  start 
of  the  spring  semester,  exploring  a  major 
global  issue  from  interdisciplinary  perspec- 
tives and  with  participation  from  graduate 
and  professional  programs;  and  the  Global 
Advising  Program  will  help  undergraduates 


Best  Foot  Forward 

Widely  known  for  his  satirical 
editorial  cartoons,  Kevin 
"KAL"  Kallaugher  spent  five 
days  as  an  artist  in  residence 
at  the  Terry  Sanford  Institute  of  Public 
Policy  in  November.  During  that  time, 
he  worked  in  one  of  Sanford's  public 
spaces  to  create  a  clay  sculpture  com- 
memorating the  2008  presidential  cam- 
paign. The  artist's  three-dimensional 
likeness  of  Barack  Obama  shows  the 
president-elect  in  runner's  garb,  crash- 
ing through  a  barrier. 

As  part  of  his  residency,  Kallaugher 
met  with  students  and  participated  in  a 


become  aware  of  global  opportunities  and 
integrate  those  opportunities  into  their  aca- 
demic and  career  planning. 

Mary  T  Boatwright,  professor  of  classical 
studies,  and  Prasad  Kasibhatla,  associate 
professor  of  environmental  chemistry,  are 
leading  the  university-wide  QEP  committee 
of  faculty  and  administrators.  The  commit- 
tee is  developing  the  focus  and  programs 
in  accordance  with  Duke's  priorities  on 
internationalization,  interdisciplinary  work, 
experiential  learning,  and  knowledge  in 
service  to  society.  The  committee  also  plans 
to  mesh  the  many  global  initiatives  across 
the  institution  with  the  goals  of  undergrad- 
uate education. 

According  to  Boatwright,  students  "wel- 
come better  coordination  and  stronger  inte- 
gration of  the  many  opportunities  Duke 
now  offers  for  global  citizenship,"  and  they 
welcome  as  well  "building  stronger  ties  with 
one  another,  with  faculty,  and  with  gradu- 
ate and  professional  students." 


Sanford  Institute  panel  discussion  on 
satire  in  American  politics.  The  week 
before  his  residency,  an  exhibit  of  nearly 
100  of  his  cartoons,  "Mightier  Than 
the  Sword:  The  Satirical  Pen  of  KAL," 

1  opened  in  Sanford's  Rubenstein  Hall. 

™  The  exhibit  runs  through  this  spring. 
Kallaugher's  connection  to  Duke 
dates  back  to  his  undergraduate  years  at 
Harvard,  where  he  became  friends  with 
Frederick  Mayer,  now  an  associate  pro- 
fessor of  public  policy  at  Duke  and 
director  of  the  department's  graduate- 
studies  programs. 

KAL  has  created  cartoons  comment- 
ing on  world  affairs  for  The  Economist 
since  1978,  and  his  work  has  appeared 
in  other  prominent  publications  world- 
wide including  Le  Monde,  Der  Spiegel, 
Pravda,  The  Australian,  The  New  York 
Times,  The  Washington  Post,  Time,  and 
Newsweek.  From  1988  to  2006,  he  drew 
more  than  4,000  cartoons  as  the  car- 
toonist for  the  Baltimore  Sun. 


Mad  About  Advertising 

Inspired  by  the  popularity  of  the  AMC 
television  series  Mad  Men,  Perkins  Li- 
brary mounted  an  exhibit  this  fall  that 
highlighted  the  real-life  careers  of 
1960s  advertising  professionals.  Drawing 
from  materials  in  the  Special  Collections 
Library's  Hartman  Center  for  Sales,  Ad- 
vertising 6k  Marketing  History,  the  display 
focused  on  four  of  the  types  of  agency  occu- 
pations depicted  on  the  television  series: 
copywriters,  creative  directors,  art  directors, 
and  account  executives. 

Reference  archivist  Lynn  Eaton  and  tech- 
nical-services archivist  Richard  Collier  col- 
laborated on  the  exhibit  and  a  slide  show, 
which  examined  the  similarities  and  differ- 
ences between  the  real  advertising  world  of 
the  1960s  and  its  depiction  on  Mad  Men. 
At  the  show's  fictional  agency,  Sterling 
Cooper,  women  are  mostly  secretaries,  al- 
though in  the  second  season,  set  in  1962, 
the  roles  of  women  are  beginning  to  change 
— one  character  rises  from  the  secretary 
pool  to  become  a  junior  account  executive. 
Eaton  notes  that  by  the  end  of  the  1960s, 
women  were  integral  to  the  creative  and 
business  facets  of  the  industry.  For  example, 
Nan  Findlow  held  executive  positions  with 
the  advertising  agencies  of  Ross  Roy  and  J. 
Walter  Thompson  Company  before  found- 
ing her  own  consulting  agency. 

The  exhibit  included  internal  memos  about 
Wind  Song  perfume,  ads  for  bathing  suits 
and  bras  ("I  Dreamed  I  Had  Spring  Fever  in 
My  Maidenform  Bra"),  and  a  black-and-white 
photo  of  male  executives  drinking  and 
smoking  at  a  bar — although  none  as  dashing 
as  Mod  Men's  Don  Draper. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     January-February  2009 


Uazette 

STATE  OF  THE  ARTS 


Blood  and  Glory 


Something's  amiss:  Tilted  London  skyline  serves  as  menacing  backdrop  for  Sweeney  Todd. 


For  theater-studies  professor  John  Clum, 
it  was  now  or  never  to  see  one  of  his 
dreams  come  true.  "The  theater-stud- 
ies department  had  been  talking  for 
years  about  working  with  the  student  musi- 
cal organization  Hoof  'n'  Horn,  and  finally 
it's  happening,"  said  Clum,  as  he  prepared 
to  direct  Sweeney  Todd,  his  sixty-fifth  Duke 
production  and  swan  song  before  a  pre-re- 
tirement leave. 

Hoof  'n'  Horn,  a  Duke  institution  for  sev- 
enty-two years,  enjoyed  the  rare  opportunity 
to  collaborate  with  Clum  and  many  other 
professionals  in  the  joint  production  with 
theater  studies,  which  ran  in  October  and 
November. 

The  colorful  set  with  the  tilted  London  sky- 
line was  by  Jayme  Mellema,  visiting  lecturer 
in  design,  and  the  Victorian  costumes  with 


the  futuristic  edge  were  by  guest  designer 
Chris  Mueller.  Fight  direction  was  by  Jeff 
A.R.  Jones,  who  was  also  instrumental  in 
designing  the  "blood  effects" — an  integral 
element  in  Sweeney  Todd. 

Leonard  Cruz,  visiting  professor  in  the 
dance  department,  choreographed  the  show, 
and  George  Lam,  a  Ph.D.  candidate  in  the 
music  department,  was  musical  director,  with 
his  group,  the  Duke  New  Music  Ensemble, 
in  the  pit. 

And  because  Sweeney  Todd  is  the  killer- 
thriller  story  about  a  barber  who  did  away 
with  his  customers  with  a  flick  of  the  razor 
(and  then  had  his  lover  serve  up  their  re- 
mains in  tasty  meat  pies),  longtime  Duke 
barber  Dave  Fowler  was  enlisted  to  teach 
the  subtleties  of  wielding  a  straight  razor. 

With  music  and  lyrics  by  Stephen  Sond- 


heim,  the  score  is  famously  complex  and  dif- 
ficult, but  Clum  and  Lam  were  confident 
they  had  found  the  students  with  the  chops 
to  pull  off  Sweeney  Todd.  More  than  3,000 
students  and  community  members  saw  the 
show  during  its  run. 

Because  this  was  Clum's  last  production 
and  his  last  semester  on  the  campus  he  has 
served  for  forty-three  years,  his  colleagues 
took  the  opportunity  to  celebrate  both  his 
career  and  his  production  with  him. 

An  early-November  program  featured 
songs,  dances,  and  scenes  from  plays.  Among 
the  offerings  were  Reynolds  Price  '55  and  a  stu- 
dent reading  from  The  History  Boys;  students 
performing  scenes  from  King  Lear,  Twelfth 
Night,  and  A  Streetcar  Named  Desire;  and  a 
staff  member  singing  "I  Will  Always  Love  You" 
by  one  of  Clum's  favorite  artists,  Dolly  Parton. 


p  ww.dukemaga3ine.duke.edu 


Border  Crossing 


Immigration  is  a  hot-button  political  is- 
sue, but  two  recent  exhibits  at  the  Cen- 
ter for  Documentary  Studies  (CDS)  pro- 
vided insights  into  the  human  dimen- 
sions of  America's  changing  demographics. 
"Nuestras  Historias,  Nuestros  Suenos/Our 
Stories,  Our  Dreams,"  a  collaborative  proj- 
ect between  CDS  and  Student  Action  with 
Farmworkers,  focused  on  the  experiences  of 
Latino  immigrants  living  and  working  in 


North  Carolina.  Combining  photographs 
and  audio  recordings  to  amplify  the  voices 
of  Latino  migrant  youth  and  their  families, 
the  project  involved  undergraduate  stu- 
dents, interns  from  across  the  country,  fac- 
ulty members,  seasoned  documentarians, 
and  young  people  from  farmworker  families. 
"Border  Stories"  featured  photographs 
and  interview  excerpts  from  documentary 
projects  by  students  who  participated  in  two 
CDS  courses  and  one  summer  field  experi- 
ence on  the  U.S.-Mexico  border. 


As  the  state  with  the  country's  fastest- 
growing  immigrant  population,  North  Car- 
olina is  uniquely  positioned  to  inform  polit- 
ical debate.  "Our  hope  in  engaging  in  this 
documentary  work  was  not  only  to  learn 
about  immigrant  workers  but  also  to  foster  a 
deep  respect  of  the  rights  of  all  of  North 
Carolina's  inhabitants,"  the  students  ex- 
plained in  their  statement  for  "Border 
Stories."  As  part  of  the  class,  they  produced 
and  distributed  a  bilingual  booklet  titled 
"North  Carolina  Immigrant  Activism." 


BIBLIO  FILE 


Selections  from  the  Rare  Book,  Manuscript,  and  Special  Collections  Library 


mericans  in  the  Land  of 

f     Lenin:  Documentary 
Photographs  of  Early 
Soviet  Russia,  1919- 
1 930,  a  new  digital  collection  of 
750  black-and-white  photographs 
of  daily  life  in  the  Soviet  Union, 
is  drawn  from  the  personal  papers 
of  Robert  L  Eichelbergerand 
Frank  Whitson  Fetter.  The  photo- 
graphs, taken  on  separate  voyages, 
record  their  encounters  with 
ordinary  citizens  of  the  world's 
first  socialist  nation. 

Eichelberger  (1886-1961),  a 
career  military  officer,  was  sta- 
tioned in  Eastern  Siberia  during 
the  Russian  Civil  War  (1918-1921), 
alongside  other  members  of  the 
American  Expeditionary  Force 
(AEF)  and  its  allies.  Over  the  course 
of  his  two-year  tour  of  duty,  Eichel- 
berger collected  official  AEF  pho- 
tos, along  with  images  he  made 
using  a  small  portable  camera. 

These  striking  amateur  photo- 
graphs provide  unique  visual  docu- 
mentation of  America's  first,  if  ulti- 
mately unsuccessful,  attempt  to 
use  its  armed  forces  for  peacekeep- 


ing purposes.  The  photos  also  cre- 
ate a  portrait  of  life  during  war- 
time in  an  ethnically  and  reli- 
giously diverse  region  bordering 
Russia,  Mongolia,  and  China. 

Fetter  (1889-1992),  a  profes- 
sional economist,  visited  the 
Soviet  Union  in  1 930,  ten  years 
after  the  defeat  of  the  AEF-led 
coalition  and  three  years  before 
the  U.S.  formally  recognized  the 
U.S.S.R.  Unlike  most  American  vis- 
itors, Fetter  ventured  beyond  the 
Soviet  capital,  touring  the  Upper 
Volga.  His  photos  provide  visual 
documentation  of  life  in  the  large- 
ly Muslim  Tatar  Autonomous 
Soviet  Socialist  Republic  and  the 
forced  collectivization  and  rapid 
industrialization  of  the  Stalin  era. 

The  library's  digital  collection 
makes  these  images  of  daily  life  in 
the  Soviet  provinces  between  the 
world  wars  available  to  anyone 
interested  in  topics  such  as 
Russian  visual  culture  and  the  his- 
tory of  everyday  life,  as  well  as 
Russian-American  cultural  rela- 
tions during  the  early  years  of  the 
Soviet  Union. 


The  collection  is  available  at  http://library.duke.edu/ 
digitalcollections/esr/ 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     January-February  2009         15 


Gazette 

STATE  OF  THE  ARTS 


Fields  of  Dreams 

Gwendolyn  Oxenham  and  Luke 
Boughen  have  played  pickup  soccer 
with  inmates  in  the  San  Pedro  Pris- 
on in  La  Paz,  Bolivia.They've  suited 
up  against  Iraqi  expats  in  London,  run  with 
teenage  soccer  nuts  in  Marseilles,  and  com- 
peted in  an  Arab-versus-Israeli  game  in  a 
park  outside  Jerusalem's  Old  City. 

Both  former  varsity  soccer  players — Ox- 
enham at  Duke,  and  Boughen  at  Notre  Dame 
— they've  spent  much  of  the  last  year  trav- 
eling the  world  in  search  of  a  good  game,  and 
capturing  it  all  on  film  for  a  documentary-in- 
the-works  tentatively  titled  The  Soccer  Project. 
The  project  was  born  during  the  spring  of 


Follow  the  bouncing  ball:  scene  from  The  Soccer  Project. 


2007,  when  Oxenham  '04,  on  a  visit  to  her 
alma  mater,  found  herself  chatting  with 
teammate  Rebekah  Fergusson,  then  a  sen- 
ior, about  future  plans.  As  students,  the  two 
had  overlapped  by  just  one  year,  but  during 
that  time,  they  had  bonded  over  a  love  of 
documentary  filmmaking,  and  each  earned 
a  certificate  from  Duke's  Center  for  Docu- 
mentary Studies  (CDS). 

Both  hoped  to  continue  their  storytell- 
ing, and  they  quickly  conceived  of  a  docu- 
mentary film  project  that  would  explore 
pickup  soccer  traditions  around  the  world. 

Oxenham  sent  an  e-mail  message  to  Ryan 
White  '04,  who  had  been  her  camera  part- 


ner in  one  documentary-studies  class,  ask- 
ing him  if  he  would  be  interested  in  work- 
ing on  another  project  together.  He  quickly 
signed  on. 

Inspired  by  the  classic  surfing  documen- 
tary Eridless  Summer,  the  group  decided  that 
the  film  would  follow  Oxenham  and  her 
boyfriend,  Boughen,  on  a  trip  around  the 
world.  Instead  of  searching  for  the  perfect 
wave,  they  would  instead  find  and  play  in 
pickup  soccer  games,  with  Fergusson  and 
White  behind  the  camera. 

The  idea  behind  the  film,  says  Oxenham, 
who,  like  Boughen  and  Fergusson,  had  pre- 
viously played  pickup  games  during  semes- 


ters  and  summers  spent  abroad,  was  to  show 
the  unifying  power  of  soccer:  We're  all  dif- 
ferent, but  we're  all  the  same. 

"We're  planning  to  go  to  twenty-five  coun- 
tries," White  said  early  on.  "And  there  won't 
be  one  of  those  countries  where  they  don't 
have  pickup  soccer." 

The  group  planned  three  separate  trips. 
They  visited  South  America  in  the  fall  of 
2007  and  Europe  and  Africa  this  past  sum- 
mer (spending  the  months  between  at  CDS 
editing  120  hours  of  footage  down  to  a  thir- 
ty-minute rough  cut).  They  plan  to  take  the 
third  trip,  to  Asia  and  the  Middle  East,  early 
this  year  and  have  a  final  version  of  the  film 
ready  to  enter  in  festivals  this  summer. 

Some  of  their  games  have  been  set  against 
picturesque  backgrounds — beaches,  moun- 
tains, salt  flats,  not  to  mention  a  game  in 
the  shadow  of  the  Eiffel  Tower. 

There  have  also  been  moments  of  humor, 
at  least  in  retrospect.  In  Innsbruck,  Austria, 
they  were  arrested  after  trying  to  use  coun- 
terfeit tickets,  purchased  from  a  scalper,  to 
get  into  a  Euro  2008  professional  match  (they 
were  ultimately  let  off  when  they  were  able 
to  provide  the  authorities  video  of  the  scal- 
per). On  the  upside,  as  they  were  taken  to 
the  police  station,  they  walked  past  a  pickup 
game  between  Red  Cross  workers  and  para- 
medics working  the  game. 

But  other  moments  have  been  downright 
scary.  In  Buenos  Aires,  Argentina,  after 
learning  that  most  upscale  games  are  pay- 
per-play  affairs  hosted  on  small  courts  inside 
restaurants,  they  made  their  way  to  a  poor 
neighborhood  where  passersby  shouted, 
"They're  going  to  rob  you."  A  policeman 
warned  them  that  a  news  crew  was  mugged 
just  a  week  before,  but  undeterred,  they 
jumped  in  a  street  game  there. 

In  Rio  de  Janiero,  Brazil,  an  NGO  worker 
escorted  them  past  machine-gun-wielding 
teenagers  at  the  entrance  to  a  favela,  essen- 
tially a  slum  run  by  drug  lords,  where  they 
joined  several  games,  including  one  be- 
tween waiters  who  play  from  one  to  four  a.m. 

Still,  says  White,  in  each  situation,  they  felt 
protected  by  those  with  whom  they  played. 
"When  you're  actually  there,  nothing  seems 
as  scary  or  as  different  as  what  you'd  expect." 


GALLERY    Selections  from  the  Nasher  Museum  of  A 


Nebraska-born  Ed  Ruscha  moved  to  Los 
Angeles  in  1956  and  began  making 
collages,  at  first  similar  to  those  of 
Jasper  Johns  and  Robert  Rauschen- 
berg,  but,  over  time,  increasingly  emphasizing 
sources  and  imagery  from  the  real  world  and 
popular  culture. 

Parking  Lots  is  a  major  photographic  work 
that  originated  in  the  1960s  when  Ruscha  turned 
his  attention  to  the  familiar  urban  setting  of  Los 
Angeles.  His  series  of  photographic"found" land- 
scapes of  the  California  lifestyle  engaged  with 
seemingly  ordinary  and  everyday  sites  such  as 
the  aerial  view  of  an  empty  parking  lot  seen  in 
May  Company,  6067  Wilshire  Blvd. — one  of  a  set 


7  Wilshire  Blvd.  (Parking 
1999),  Ed  Ruscha,  American. 
F  30  silver  gelatin  prints,  ed.  26/35, 
15  inches.  Promised  gift  of  Blake 


of  thirty  different  views  in  the  Parking  Lots 
series.  In  other  series,  Ruscha  features  views  of 
swimming  pools  and  Sunset  Boulevard. 

His  works  resonated  with  the  1 960s  Pop  Art 
repetitions  and  grid-like  patterning  that  were 
also  seen  in  Andy  Warhol's  soup  cans,  Jasper 
Johns'  painted  numbers,  and  Chuck  Close's 
thumbprint  portraits,  and  influenced  many  con- 
ceptual artists  of  later  decades. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     January-February  2009 


Gazette 


RESEARCH   FRONTIERS 


Eyes  of  the  World 


Cataracts.  Trachoma.  Corneal  blind- 
ness. They  aren't  killers,  but  they  cre- 
ate misery  for  millions  of  people — 
mostly  in  the  developing  world. 

How  to  provide  proven  treatments  for 
these  diseases  and  conditions  to  the  people 
who  need  them  was  the  topic  of  a  November 
symposium  at  Duke,  "Global  Blindness:  In- 
tegrated Approaches  to  a  Cure."  The  sympo- 
sium was  co-sponsored  by  the  Duke  Eye  Cen- 
ter and  the  Duke  Global  Health  Institute. 

Keynote  speaker  Gullapalli  Nag  Rao,  dis- 
tinguished chair  of  international  ophthal- 
mology at  the  LV  Prasad  Eye  Center,  in  Hy- 
derabad, India,  and  president  of  the  World 
Health  Organization  (WHO)  Vision  2020 
program,  noted  that  some  314  million  peo- 
ple worldwide  live  with  serious  vision  im- 
pairment— including  blindness  and  uncor- 
rected refractive  errors  like  near-sighted- 
ness, and  astigmatism.  Some  90  percent  of 
blind  people  live  in  low-income  countries. 

"The  burden  of  blindness  is  most  preva- 
lent in  the  most  neglected  populations," 
Rao  said. 

Vision  2020,  a  global  initiative  for  the 
elimination  of  avoidable  blindness,  was 
launched  jointly  by  WHO  and  the  Interna- 
tional Agency  for  the  Prevention  of  Blind- 
ness. Its  goal  is  to  create  partnerships  that 
can  focus  on  effective  disease  control,  de- 
velopment of  human  resources  for  eye  care, 
and  infrastructure  development.  Members 
include  nongovernmental  organizations,  pro- 
fessional associations,  eye-care  institutions, 
and  corporations 

Throughout  the  day,  presentations  on 
successful  programs  gave  reason  for  hope. 

For  example,  Geoffrey  Tabin,  of  the  John 
Moran  Eye  Center  in  Utah,  described  the 
Himalayan  Cataract  Project  in  Nepal,  which 
has  established  important  surgical  eye-care 
models  being  applied  throughout  the  region. 

Joseph  Cook,  adjunct  professor  of  epi- 
demiology at  the  University  of  North  Caro- 
lina at  Chapel  Hill,  described  WHO's  SAFE 
strategy  implemented  in  fifteen  countries. 
The  strategy  combines  surgery,  antibiotics, 
face  washing,  and  environmental  change  to 


reduce  the  prevalence  of  trachoma,  the  lead- 
ing infectious  cause  of  blindness  in  the  world. 

Green-collar  Jobs 

During  the  presidential  campaign,  Ba- 
rack  Obama  proposed  an  economic 
plan  that  would  create  five  million 
jobs  in  environmental  industries. 
And  despite  some  ambiguity  in  the  cam- 
paign literature,  these  so-called  "green-col- 
lar" jobs  do,  in  fact,  present  the  next  frontier 
for  U.S.  manufacturing,  according  to  a  new 
report  from  Duke's  Center  on  Globalization, 
Governance,  and  Competitiveness. 

Highlighting  the  direct  links  between  low- 
carbon  technologies  and  U.S.  jobs,  Duke  re- 
searchers say  U.S.  manufacturing  is  poised  to 
grow  in  a  low-carbon  economy.  Their  re- 
port, "Manufacturing  Climate  Solutions," 
provides  a  detailed  look  at  the  manufac- 
turing jobs  that  already  exist  and  those  that 
would  be  created  when  the  U.S.  takes  ac- 
tion to  limit  global-warming  pollution. 

"Until  now,  there  was  no  tangible  evi- 
dence of  what  the  jobs  are,  how  they  are 
created,  and  what  it  means  for  U.S.  work- 
ers," says  Gary  Gereffi,  a  professor  of  sociol- 
ogy and  lead  author  of  the  report.  "We  are 
providing  that  here.  We  don't  guess  where 
the  jobs  are;  we  name  them."  The  report 
shows  that  "clean-technology  jobs  are  also 
real-economy  jobs." 

The  researchers  assessed  five  carbon-re- 
ducing technologies  with  potential  for  cre- 
ating green  jobs:  LED  lighting,  high-per- 
fonnance  windows,  auxiliary  power  units  for 
long-haul  trucks,  concentrated  solar  power, 


and  Super  Soil  Systems  (a  new  method  for 
treating  hog  waste). 

They  concluded  that  hidden  economic 
opportunities  exist  within  the  supply  chains 
that  provide  parts  and  labor  for  these  five 
industries.  The  report  includes  a  snapshot 
of  the  opportunities  for  U.S.  manufacturing 
jobs,  with  a  detailed  breakdown  of  the  sup- 
ply chains  and  maps  highlighting  the  loca- 
tion of  companies  positioned  to  support 
green  jobs.  States  that  stand  to  benefit  most 
from  jobs  in  these  sectors  are  Pennsylvania, 
Ohio,  Indiana,  North  Carolina,  New  Mex- 
ico, Arizona,  Nevada,  and  California. 

Heart  Disease  Takes  Toll 

Blacks  and  whites  with  heart  disease 
are  both  likely  to  experience  depres- 
sion, but  blacks  are  only  half  as  like- 
ly to  receive  treatment  for  the  disor- 
der, according  to  a  study  from  Duke  Medical 
Center.  "This  is  an  important  finding  because 
we  know  that  depression  is  associated  with  a 
two-  to  four-fold  increase  in  the  risk  of  com- 
plications and  death  from  heart  disease," 
says  James  Blumenthal,  a  professor  of  med- 
ical psychology  and  a  co-author  of  the  study, 
which  appears  in  the  American  Heart  Journal. 

Coronary  heart  disease  is  the  leading  cause 
of  death  in  the  U.S.,  and  previous  studies 
show  that  it  takes  a  disproportionate  toll 
among  blacks. 

Duke  researchers  studied  864  patients 
(727  whites  and  137  blacks)  who  received 
care  at  the  Duke  Heart  Center's  diagnostic 
cardiac  catheterization  laboratory  between 
April  1999  and  June  2002.  Researchers  re- 
viewed the  patients'  records,  noting  use  of 
medications  and  any  cardiovascular  risk  fac- 
tors. They  also  asked  participants  to  com- 
plete the  Beck  Depression  Inventory  to 
assess  symptoms  of  depression. 

The  scientists  found  that  35  percent  of  the 
black  patients  and  27  percent  of  the  white 
patients  had  elevated  symptoms  of  depres- 
sion. But  while  21  percent  of  the  whites  were 
taking  antidepressants,  only  11.7  percent  of 
the  blacks  were  receiving  treatment.  s 

There  also  appeared  to  be  important  gen-  f 
der  differences.  Among  those  with  the  most  s 


.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


In  Focus 

SIGN,  SIGN, 
EVERYWHERE  A  SIGN 


■ 


peed  limits,  four-way  stops,  traffic  lights  at  reg- 
ular intervals.  These  things  make  driving  safer, 
right?  Wrong,  says  John  Staddon,  James  B. 
Duke  Professor  Emeritus  of  psychology  and 
neuroscience.  An  Englishman  who  has  long  studied 
adaptive  behavior  patterns,  Staddon  argues  that  the 
preponderance  of  signs  and  signals  on  American  roads 
leads  us  to  rely  on  hints  from  traffic  engineers  instead 
of  observing  road  conditions  and  fellow  drivers,  in  the 
U.S.,  he  says,  "we  regard  this  as  an  engineering  issue. 
But  it's  really  a  psychological  issue." 

Signs  warning  of  a  sharp  curve  may  make  a  particu- 
lar stretch  of  road  safer,  he  observes,  but  what  happens 
when  drivers  who  expect  the  reminder  come  to  a  curve 
without  a  sign?  Four-way  stops  only  muddle  the  ques- 
tion of  who  has  right-of-way  and  may  necessitate  more 
signage  at  other  intersections,  such  as  warnings  to  two- 
way  stoppers  that  "cross  traffic  does  not  stop." 

Staddon  is  working  on  experiments  to  test  drivers' 
behavior,  but  for  now,  comparative  studies  of  traffic 
death  rates  between  the  U.S.  and  European  countries 
where  signage  is  less  prominent  but  more  consistent 
seem  to  demonstrate  that,  when  it  comes  to  flashing 
lights  and  warning  signs,  less  may  be  more. 

-Jacob  Dagger 


W& 


Gazette 


RESEARCH  FRONTIERS 


severe  symptoms  of  depression,  43  percent  of 
white  men  hut  only  22  percent  of  black  men 
were  on  antidepressants.  In  comparison,  64 
percent  of  white  women  and  67  percent  of 
black  women  were  taking  such  medications. 

Available  data  do  not  provide  a  clear  ex- 
planation for  the  disparity  in  treatment  rates, 
Blumenthal  says.  Possible  explanations  in- 
clude patients'  fear  of  stigmatization  and  in- 
ability to  pay  out-of-pocket  expenses. 

Under  the  Sea 

As  a  child,  Ari  Friedlaender  loved  vis- 
iting aquariums  and  museums.  But 
he  never  imagined  that,  one  day,  his 
own  work  would  be  on  display  at  one 
of  the  world's  best-known  museums. 

Friedlaender  Ph.D.  '06,  a  research  scien- 
tist at  the  Nicholas  School  of  the  Environ- 
ment, is  one  of  many  scientists  contributing 
to  the  exhibitions  in  the  Sant  Ocean  Hall 
at  the  Smithsonian  Institution's  National 
Museum  of  Natural  History,  which  opened 
in  September. 

His  photographs  from  the  Behavioral  Re- 
sponse Study  (BRS),  a  multinational  research 
initiative  examining  the  effects  of  underwa- 
ter noise  on  beaked  whales,  appear  in  the 
hall's  "Ocean  Today"  kiosk,  which  high- 
lights ongoing  ocean  research  projects.  They 
are  displayed  alongside  a  life-size  model  of  a 
female  North  Atlantic  right  whale  and  an 
Indo- Pacific  coral  reef  aquarium  holding  up 
to  seventy-four  species  of  marine  life. 

Friedlaender,  who  is  based  at  the  Duke 
Marine  Lab  in  Beaufort,  North  Carolina,  and 
his  BRS  colleagues  are  working  to  under- 
stand more  about  the  behavior  and  critical 
habitats  of  beaked  whales. 

Originally,  Friedlaender's  photographs  were 
used  mainly  for  identification  purposes  dur- 
ing the  BRS  study,  which  involved  putting 
=  suction-cup  tags  on  beaked  whales  and  pilot 
I  whales  and  observing  how  they  reacted  and 
I  changed  their  behavior  when  exposed  to 
I  various  types  and  levels  of  underwater  noise. 
1      "These  are  very  elusive  and  cryptic  whales 

5  Breadth  and  depth:  Friedlaender's  photos  help  visitors 
f  to  Sant  Ocean  Hall  grasp  complexity  of  marine  life. 


www.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


SYLLABUS 


Computer  Science  72: 
Artifical  Life,  Culture, 
and  Evolution 

To  most  people,  the  tiny 
squares  blinking  red  and 
green  all  over  Nicholas 
Gessler's  computer  screen 
are  nothing  more  than  a  blinding 
mess  of  color.  For  Gessler,  a  research 
scholar  in  the  Information  Science 
and  Information  Studies  program, 
they  help  explain  the  universe. 

The  conglomeration  of  squares 
is  part  of  Conway's  Game  of  Life,  a 
computer  program  Gessler  and  stu- 
dents in  his  course  on  "Artificial 
Life,  Culture,  and  Evolution"  use  to 
simulate  complex  social  systems. 

Early  in  his  career,  Gessler 
worked  as  an  archaeologist.  Over 
time,  he  became  dissatisfied  with 
written  language's  ability  to  explain 
the  myriad  simultaneous  forces  be- 
hind great  social  changes.  Written 
records  seemed  too  linear,  too 
oversimplified.  "You  can  explain 
culture  change  by  telling  stories 
and  talking  and  writing,  but  those 
methods  don't  adequately  capture 
the  dynamics  of  real  events,"  he  says. 

He  soon  came  upon  a  promising 
alternative:  computer  modeling. 
Unlike  a  textbook,  computer  simu- 
lations show  multiple  causes  of 
culture  change  acting  concurrently 
and  can  take  into  account  the  par- 
allel, or  competing,  forces  of  many 
agents. 

Gessler's  class  lets  students  use 
computers  to  model  behavior  pat- 
terns of  complex  social  systems 
ranging  in  scale  from  microbes  to 
galaxies.  In  one  program,  students 
explore  the  effects  of  racism  on 
society.  Squares  of  many  colors, 
similar  to  the  red  and  green  ones 


present  in  Conway's  Game  of  Life, 
represent  people  of  varying  races. 
Students  alter  the  degree  to  which 
squares  of  the  same  color  favor  each 
other  and  run  their  program  to  see 
how  a  city  might  become  segregat- 
ed. "The  course  introduces  the  no- 
tion that  complex  global  patterns 
or  behaviors  arise  from  relatively 
simple  local  rules,  "Gessler  says. 

By  introducing  two  or  three 
rules  that  will  be  followed  by  indi- 
vidual agents  in  a  programmed 
system,  Gessler's  students  observe 
everything  from  patterns  of  bird 
flocking  to  urbanization.  Their 
models  illustrate  that  most  of  the 
successes  and  failures  of  culture 
result  not  from  rational  plans.,  but 
from  many  individuals  pursuing 
their  own  independent  goals. 

Gessler  says  cognitive  limita- 
tions prevent  us,  as  rational  human 
beings,  from  identifying  and 
manipulating  global  patterns  that 
can  ultimately  be  traced  to  our 
daily  behavior.  However,  by  run- 
ning computer  simulations  of  a  cul- 
tural system,  students  can  see 
probable  results  of  social  behavior 
trends  before  they  occur.  They 
learn,  Gessler  says,  how  massive 
change  can  result  from  seemingly 
insignificant  actions  of  individuals. 

Through  various  projects,  stu- 
dents attempt  to  replicate  social 
phenomena  from  the  past,  plug  in 
qualities  of  current  society  to  pre- 
dict the  direction  it's  headed,  and 
tinker  with  those  qualities  to 
explore  what  Gessler  calls  "what- 
if"  scenarios. 

However,  "Artificial  Life,  Culture, 


and  Evolution"  is  not  just  about  ex- 
amining causes  of  change  in  com- 
plex systems.  The  class  teaches  stu- 
dents to  take  control  of  a  computer 
and  make  it  do  what  they  want. 

"Computers  are  not  alien 
devices,"  says  Gessler.  "They  have 
really  been  designed  to  deal  with 
human  problems." 


Nicholas  Gessler,  whose  primary 
research  interests  now  include  arti- 
ficial culture  and  experimentation 
in  synthetic  anthropology,  earned 
his  bachelor's  and  master's  degrees 
from  the  University  of  Alberta.  He 
served  as  director  of  what  was  then 
the  Queen  Charlotte  Islands  Museum 
in  British  Columbia  from  1973  to  1988 
before  working  in  several  research 
posts  at  the  University  of  California 
at  Los  Angeles,  where  he  earned 
his  Ph.D.  in  anthropology  in  2003. 
He  joined  the  Duke  faculty  last  year. 


None.  Open  to  upperclassmen  and 
graduate  students 


Articles  relating  to  anthropology 
and  computing 


Three  hands-on  computer  pro- 
gramming exams 
Five  simulation  challenges  and  cri- 
tiques 

Five  written  responses  to  readings 
One  final  project:  a  simulation, 
analysis,  or  critique 

— Chrissy  DiNicola 


that  feed  over  a  mile  down  under  the  ocean 
on  squid,  and  they  are  susceptible  to  noise," 
Friedlaender  explains.  "Some  types  of  sonar 
have  been  linked  to  stranding  events,  and 
we're  trying  to  find  out  at  what  level  ani- 
mals respond  to  these  noises." 

Better  Stenting 

When  it  comes  to  stenting — using 
metal  tubes  to  prop  open  blocked 
arteries — physicians  often  choose 
to  gain  entry  to  the  circulatory 
system  through  an  opening  in  the  leg  in- 
stead of  the  arm,  even  though  the  latter 
option  appears  to  be  safer,  with  fewer  side 
effects,  say  researchers  at  Duke  Clinical  Re- 
search Institute. 

"Bleeding  complications  are  reduced  by 
70  percent  when  interventional  cardiolo- 
gists go  in  through  a  radial  artery  in  the 
wrist,"  says  Sunil  Rao,  assistant  professor  of 
cardiology  and  the  lead  author  of  the  study. 
"But  our  research  shows  that  only  a  tiny 
fraction  of  stenting  procedures  are  done  this 
way.  The  study  suggests  that  maybe  it's  time 
to  change  the  way  we  practice." 

Rao's  team  reviewed  data  from  593,094 
cases  of  percutaneous  coronary  interven- 
tion (PCI)  in  606  hospitals  across  the  U.S. 
included  in  the  National  Cardiovascular 
Data  Registry  from  2004  to  2007.  They 
tracked  the  incidence  of  radial  PCI  (r-PCI) 
versus  leg  or  femoral  PCI  (f-PCI)  during 
that  period  and  calculated  which  patients 
were  more  likely  to  get  which  option. 

They  found  that  the  frequency  with  which 
r-PCI  was  chosen  had  increased  over  the 
four-year  period,  but  still  made  up  only  1.3 
percent  of  the  total  number  of  procedures. 
They  also  found  that  40  percent  of  r-PCI 
was  performed  in  only  seven  centers.  Aca- 
demic medical  centers  were  more  likely  to 
be  sites  of  higher  r-PCI  use  than  centers  not 
affiliated  with  a  college  or  university. 

"The  findings  are  somewhat  surprising, 
given  that  numerous  studies  have  shown 
that  r-PCI  is  similarly  successful  to  f-PCI, 
and  that  r-PCI  can  significantly  lower  risk 
of  bleeding,  especially  among  women,  pa- 
tients younger  than  seventy-five,  and  peo- 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     January-February  2009 


21 


Gazette 


RESEARCH   FRONTIERS 


Safer  stenting:  arm  entry  optimal. 

pie  undergoing  PCI  for  acute  coronary  syn- 
drome," says  Rao. 

The  study  appears  in  the  journal  of  the 
American  College  of  Cardiology:  Cardiovas- 
cular Intervention. 


Tackling  Gout 


Gout,  a  debilitating  form  of  arthritis, 
has  historically  been  referred  to  as 
"the  disease  of  kings,"  afflicting  rich 
old  men  who  eat  and  drink  too  much. 
In  fact,  scientists  say  it  is  unclear  why  some 
people  develop  gout  and  others  do  not,  al- 
though there  is  some  evidence  that  the  dis- 
ease has  both  genetic  and  lifestyle  under- 
pinnings. 

The  disease  occurs  when  there  is  so  much 
uric  acid  in  the  blood  that  the  body  can't 
get  rid  of  it  quickly  enough.  The  excess  pre- 
cipitates into  crystals  that  clump  in  and 
around  joints  and  tendons,  triggering  in- 
flammation. It  can  spread  from  there.  Af- 
fected areas  become  red,  swollen,  and  painful. 
In  extreme  cases,  gout  can  leave  patients  un- 
able to  walk  or  handle  basic  tasks  like  tying 
shoes  or  handling  a  knife  or  fork. 

Two  to  three  million  people  in  the  U.S. 
suffer  from  gout.  "The  typical  patient  is  male, 
probably  in  his  forties  or  fifties,  who  sud- 
denly develops  searing  pain  in  one  of  his  big 
toes,"  says  John  Sundy,  a  rheumatologist  and 
associate  professor  of  medicine  at  Duke. 

Sundy  is  the  lead  investigator  on  one  of  two 
Phase  III  clinical  trial  studies  for  a  new  drug, 


pegloticase,  that  inventors  say  reduces  excess 
uric  acid  more  quickly  and  efficiently  than 
existing  treatments  by  breaking  it  into  prod- 
ucts the  body  can  more  easily  eliminate. 

"There  hasn't  been  a  new  drug  for  gout  in 
the  U.S.  for  over  forty  years,"  Sundy  says. 
"While  most  gout  patients  do  well  with  the 
drug  allopurinol,  there  is  a  subset  of  about 
50,000  patients  in  the  U.S.  who  don't  re- 
spond to  it  or  who  can't  tolerate  it  and  who 
have  no  real  alternatives." 

The  results  of  the  Phase  III  trials,  which  en- 
rolled a  total  of  2 1 2  patients,  have  so  far  been 
mixed.  Each  patient  received  eight  milli- 
grams of  pegloticase  or  a  placebo  every  two 


Ouch:  gout  pain  incarnate. 

or  four  weeks  for  six  months.  Researchers 
measured  uric  acid  levels  and  crystal  deposits 
over  time. 

They  found  that  uric  acid  levels  fell  to 
target  levels  among  all  patients  within  six 
hours  after  receiving  the  medication  and 
remained  at  target  levels  in  about  40  percent 
of  patients  when  measured  three  and  six 
months  later.  There  was  also  a  significant 
reduction  of  the  size  and  number  of  deposits 
among  those  patients  getting  pegloticase, 
compared  with  those  getting  a  placebo. 

However,  almost  all  of  the  patients  expe- 
rienced some  side  effects,  and  thirty-two 
withdrew  from  the  studies  because  of  them. 

Pegloticase,  a  manufactured  enzyme,  was 
created  by  Michael  Hershfield,  a  professor 
of  medicine  and  biochemistry  at  Duke; 
Susan  Kelly,  a  researcher  in  Hershfield's  lab; 
and  scientists  at  Mountain  View  Pharmaceu- 
ticals. The  drug  is  developed  and  produced 
by  Savient  Pharmaceuticals  Inc.,  which 
sponsored  the  studies. 


In  Brief 

«y  James  Applewhite  '58,  A.M.  '60,  Ph.D. 
'69,  professor  of  English,  was  inducted  into 
the  North  Carolina  Literary  Hall  of  Fame. 
He  is  the  author  of  twelve  books  of  poetry. 

<;  William  L.  Chameides,  dean  of  the 
Nicholas  School  of  the  Environment,  has 
been  appointed  vice  chair  of  America's  Cli- 
mate Choices,  a  new  multidisciplinary  cli- 
mate-change study  organized  by  the  National 
Academies.  The  study  was  launched  in  No- 
vember at  the  request  of  Congress  to  pro- 
vide policy-relevant  advice,  based  on  scien- 
tific evidence,  to  guide  the  nation's  response 
to  climate  change. 

<:  Daniel  Foster,  assistant  professor  in 
the  department  of  theater  studies,  is  one  of 
eight  recipients  of  a  fellowship  through  the 
American  Academy  of  Arts  and  Sciences' 
Visiting  Scholars  Program.  The  program  sup- 
ports scholars  and  practitioners  in  the  early 
stages  of  their  careers  who  show  potential  to 
become  leaders  in  the  humanities,  policy 
studies,  and  social  sciences.  Foster  will  work 
on  "The  Transatlantic  Minstrel  Show:  Bri- 
tish Romanticism  and  American  Blackface," 
a  history  of  blackface  minstrels. 

-*/  Ted  Kaufman  '60  was  appointed  by 
Delaware  Governor  Ruth  Ann  Minner  to 
complete  the  Senate  term  of  Vice  Presi- 
dent-elect Joseph  Biden.  Kaufman  served  as 
co-chair  of  Biden's  transition  team  and  is  on 
the  advisory  board  of  President-elect  Ba- 
rack  Obama's  transition  team.  Kaufman  has 
been  a  senior  lecturing  fellow  at  the  Duke 
law  school  since  1991,  and  has  also  taught 
in  the  Fuqua  School  of  Business  and  the 
Sanford  Institute  of  Public  Policy. 

<:  James  W.  Vaupel  and  Huntington 
Willard  were  inducted  into  the  American 
Academy  of  Arts  and  Sciences.  Vaupel  is  a 
research  professor  who  is  director  of  Duke's 
Population,  Policy,  and  Aging  Research 
Center  and  director  of  the  Duke  Population 
Research  Institute.  Willard  is  the  Nanaline 
H.  Duke  Professor  of  Genome  Sciences  and 
director  of  Duke's  Institute  for  Genome 
Sciences  and  Policy. 


22 


.dukemagaiine.duke.edt 


IFE  AT  ITS  FINEST 
HAPEL  HILL  AT  ITS  BEST. 


Sports 

The  Perfect  Parabola 


a  dart  are  both,  at  their 


On  a  desktop  computer  in  his  labora- 
tory, David  Needham  cues  up  a 
YouTuhe  video  of  darts  champion 
Phil  Taylor  competing  at  an  inter- 
national tournament. 

The  game  is  "501,"  so  named  because 
each  player  begins  with  501  points.  Every 
time  a  player  strikes  a  number  on  the  board, 
that  number  is  subtracted  from  his  total. 
The  competitors  trade  off  rounds  of  three 
darts.  Of  course,  the  object  isn't  simply  to 
knock  off  as  many  points  as  possible.  In 
order  to  win,  a  player  must 

"double  out,"  landing  his  fi-     r\„,,„i„„:„„  u„j.4.„.  „;n 
nal  dart  in  the  outer  rim  of    Develop^  better  Pill 
the  board  (which  doubles  the     CaSitigS  and  thrOWilig 
value  of  the  shot),  and  finish 
with  exactly  zero  points,  no 
more,  no  less. 

In  the  video,  Taylor  notch- 
es triple-twenties  with  each 
of  his  tirst  six  darts,  leaving 
him  with  141  points  remaining  as  he  enters 
the  third  round. 

Needham,  an  associate  professor  of  me- 
chanical engineering  and  materials  science, 
pauses  the  video.  A  darts  enthusiast,  he  has 
a  pretty  good  idea  of  what  Taylor  is  think- 
ing, and  he  hazards  a  guess  at  where  the  next 
three  darts  will  fall.  "Triple  twenty,  triple 
nineteen,  double  twelve,"  he  says.  Sixty 
plus  fifty-seven  plus  twenty-four  equals  141. 

He  clicks  "play"  once  again  and  watches  as 
three  times,  Taylor  cocks  his  arm,  sights  along 
the  dart,  and  throws.  Triple  twenty,  triple 
nineteen,  double  twelve, 


ference  between  scoring  a  triple-twenty  (for 
sixty)  or  a  one  is  just  a  few  millimeters. 

Pros  like  Taylor  make  it  look  easy.  But  it's 
not.  Though  Needham  has  competed  in 
weekly  matches  with  the  amateur  Triangle 
Darts  League  for  more  than  twenty  years, 
and  often  throws  at  a  board  in  his  home,  he 
still  misses  his  mark  more  often  than  not. 
And  he  knows  why.  The  answer  is  simple: 
muscle  memory. 

"The  pros  practice  for  six  to  eight  hours  a 
day,"  he  says.  "Developing  that  brain  connec- 
tion is  huge  in  any  of  these 
sports." 

Of  course,  Needham  isn't  a 

brain  researcher  by  trade.  And 

he's  not  an  aerodynamicist 

(though  he  did  solicit  the  help 

rOOt,  ClaSSiC  engineering    of  renowned  aerodynamics  ex- 


exercises. 


pert  Donald  Bliss,  a  colleague 
at  the  Pratt  School  of  Engi- 
neering, in  designing  a  more 
efficient  set  of  darts).  In  fact,  his  academic 
research,  which  is  focused  on  developing 
new  drug-delivery  systems,  doesn't,  at  first 
glance,  seem  to  have  anything  to  do  with 
the  sport  of  darts. 

But  developing  better  pill  casings  and 
throwing  a  dart  are  both,  at  their  root,  clas- 
sic engineering  exercises,  Needham  says.  He 
uses  darts  to  illustrate  points  in  undergradu- 
ate lectures,  occasionally  having  a  grad  stu- 
dent hold  the  dartboard  while  he  throws.  In 
his  spare  time,  he  has  been  working  on  cre- 
ating a  training  device  that  will  allow  ama- 


IXflflH 

HI 
1 

ill   W      ''i 

His  early  attempts  to  model  that  second 
parabola  consisted  of  little  more  than  bend- 
ing a  flexible  plastic  curtain  rod  between 
microphone  stands  set  7'  9  V"  apart — the  of- 
ficial throwing  distance  in  darts.  He  experi- 
mented with  the  shape  of  the  parabola  by 
using  different  lengths  of  rod,  adjusting  the 
velocity  of  his  throws  accordingly. 

"I  would  run  my  hand  along  the  curtain 
rail,"  he  recalls.  In  competition,  "I  would 
picture  in  my  mind's  eye  that  the  dart  was 


just  as  Needham  predicted.  Tay- 
lor has  won  with  nine  darts,  the 
minimum  possible — a  "perfect  game" 
in  darts  parlance. 

Darts  (at  least  the  version  played  by  adults) 
is  a  strategic  game  of  quick  mathematical 
calculations — Quick,  what's  141  minus  sixty? 
Now  what  should  I  aim  for  if  I  want  to  leave  an 
even  number  of  points  on  the  board?  But  it's 
also  a  game  that  requires  great  skill.  The  dif- 


teurs  to  identify  the  perfect  parabolic 
tlight  path  and  practice  throwing  along  it, 
so  that  in  competition,  they  are  able  to 
achieve  the  perfect  combination  of  velocity 
and  launch  angle  more  reliably. 

The  proper  darts-throwing  motion  con- 
sists of  two  unique  parabolas.  The  first  rep- 
resents the  axis  along  which  the  elbow  pivots 
when  cocked.  The  second,  the  path  gener- 
ated as  the  dart  is  released.  Needham's  proj- 
ect started  with  a  simple  question.  "What  if  I 
knew  what  that  second  parabola  looked  like?" 


flying  along  next  to  the  rail." 

Inspired  by  a  wave  of  commercially  mar- 
keted golf-swing  correction  devices  in  the 
1990s,  he  also  considered  developing  some 
sort  of  device  that  would  attach  to  the 
shoulder  and  the  elbow  and  force  the  throw- 
ing arm  into  the  proper  motion. 

More  recently,  he  has  struck  on  a  new  idea 
that  is,  at  the  very  least,  more  technologi- 
cally complex.  This  past  fall,  he  approached 
senior  John  Pena,  a  research  assistant  in  the 
Duke  Immersive  Virtual  Environment  (DiVE), 
the  engineering  school's  three-dimensional, 


24 


iww.dukemasa:  ine.duke.edu 


Engineering  exercise:  Needham.  playing  in  fall 
pionship  match,  demonstrates  how  a  simple  game 
of  darts  requires  complex  mathematical  calculations 


virtual-reality  chamber,  about  creating  a 
computer-generated  training  system.  He  en- 
visioned a  simple  program  that  would  cre- 
ate a  thin,  red  line  through  space  along 
which  a  player  could  run  his  hand. 

Pena  got  to  work  quickly.  The  easiest  part 


measure  his  progress,  he  would  step  out  of 
the  DiVE  and  throw  real  darts  at  a  real 
board  to  compare  the  feeling. 

The  result  is  a  rather  realistic  game  of  vir- 
tual darts.  Players  "pick  up"  a  dart  by  press- 
ing a  button  on  a  wand  used  to  manipulate 
the  view  inside  the  DiVE.  They  then  re- 
lease the  dart  by  letting  the  button  go  at  the 
top  of  their  throwing  motion.  The  virtual 
dart  flies  through  space,  following  a  para- 


four  seasons,  but  was  going  against  a  strong 
team  sponsored  by  the  local  Subway  sand- 
wich shop. 

The  night  starts  off  with  301,  which,  like 
501,  features  negative  scoring,  but  requires 
players  not  only  to  double-out,  but  also  to 
double-in.  Needham  is  strong  in  his  first 
game,  doubling-in  on  his  first  turn,  and  fin- 
ishing off  his  opponent  by  throwing  a  twen- 
ty, a  ten,  and  double-sixteen  to  knock  the 
last  points  off  the  board.  Before  each  throw, 


was  setting  up  the  venue.  Many  of  the  DiVE's 
projects  require  creating  virtual  spaces  that 
are  much  bigger  than  the  actual  space  in- 
side, but  because  all  darts  requires  is  a  board 
mounted  5'  8"  high  on  a  wall,  and  a  strip  of 
tape  7'  9  14"  away  on  the  floor,  Pena  didn't 
have  to  worry  about  enlarging  the  space. 

He  took  measurements  on  actual  darts — 
length,  weight,  center  of  gravity,  fin  shape 
— and  worked  carefully  to  create  a  virtual 
dart  that  would  reproduce  at  least  the  visual 
sensation  of  throwing  a  real  dart.  "Making 
the  simulation  feel  real  is  about  getting 
accurate  measurements,"  he  explains.  To 


bolic  flight  path  generated  by  a  combina- 
tion of  velocity  and  launch  angle,  and,  ide- 
ally, hitting  the  virtual  dartboard. 

In  late  October,  he  presented  the  simula- 
tion to  Needham,  who  was  impressed,  but 
wondered  what  had  happened  to  his  thin, 
red  line.  Pena  is  now  at  work  on  a  second 
draft,  which  he  hopes  will  include  such  a 
line  that  traces  the  flight  of  the  dart. 

The  next  week,  Needham  immersed  him- 
self in  a  real  darts  match,  the  Triangle  Darts 
League's  fall  championship,  held  at  Bub 
O'Malley's,  a  bar  in  Chapel  Hill.  His  team, 
Darty  Old  Men,  had  won  three  of  the  past 


he  practices  his  motion  with  a  couple 
of  quick  flicks  of  the  wrist. 

He  loses  the  second  game,  and  struggles 
to  hit  a  double  in  the  third,  barely  getting  in 
before  his  opponent  doubles-out.  "You  can't 
get  in,  you  can't  get  out,"  Needham  says, 
shaking  his  head. 

There's  always  next  season.  In  the  mean- 
time, he'll  keep  trying  to  envision  that  per- 
fect parabola. 


-]acob  Dagger 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     January-February  2009 


Campus  Observer 


Attack 
of  the  Vines 

It's  a  crisp  autumn  day,  and  Joan  Curry  is 
making  her  way  slowly  down  a  trail  at 
the  Eno  River  State  Park  in  northern 
Durham. 

To  her  left,  about  five  feet  off  the  trail  and 
partially  hidden  behind  a  tree  trunk,  she 
spies  a  sprig  of  privet.  She  stops.  It's  no  more 
than  a  foot  high,  a  rather  unimposing  speci- 
men. And  yet  its  presence  is  disturbing.  She 
pulls  out  a  handheld  GPS  device  and  clicks 
"enter"  to  mark  the  spot. 

Curry  '69  is  joined  by  Jason  Gwinn,  one 
of  the  park's  five  rangers,  and  Julie  Rey- 
nolds, a  Mellon  Lecturer  in  writing  and 
biology  at  Duke.  Over  the  past  two  years, 
Gwinn  and  Reynolds  have  collaborated  on 
a  program  called  Plant  Stalkers — a  "citizen 
science"  initiative  aimed  at  getting  volun- 
teers out  into  the  woods  to  help  identify 
and  map  invasive  plant  species — like  priv- 
et— using  GPS  (global-positioning  system) 
technology.  Curry,  a  retired  computer  scien- 
tist, is  here  for  a  training  run. 

The  privet  is  just  the  beginning.  This  trail, 
barely  out  of  sight  of  the  ranger  station,  is 
teeming  with  invasive  plant  species.  Just  as 
Curry  notes  the  privet,  Gwinn  points  out  a 
thin  vine  that  has  begun  to  wrap  around  the 
base  of  a  nearby  tree:  wisteria.  The  group 
takes  another  few  steps  forward  before  he 
once  again  points  left,  this  time  at  several 
green  vines  arching  overhead:  multiflora 
rose. 

The  idea  for  Plant  Stalkers  emerged  from 
a  research-service-learning  course  that  Rey- 
nolds has  taught  for  several  years,  called 
"Conservation  Biology  of  the  Eno  River  State 
Park."  Each  semester,  Duke  undergraduates 
meet  with  park  rangers  to  discuss  current 
research  needs.  One  class  conducted  a  sur- 
vey of  mammal  life  in  the  park;  another 
focused  on  a  specific  salamander  species. 

But  in  the  field  of  conservation  biology, 
scientific  survey  efforts  aimed  at  monitoring 
species  populations  often  take  years  to  pro- 
duce meaningful  data.  Working  on  a  semes- 
ter schedule,  Reynolds  saw  a  pattern  begin- 


ning to  emerge.  "Individual  students  would 
come  out  here  and  put  traps  out.  But  they 
would  see  very  little."  Even  if  they  did  occa- 
sionally find  the  creatures  they  were  look- 
ing for,  it  was  hard  to  get  a  sense  of  gradual 
population  changes. 

So  when  park  rangers  suggested  tracking 
invasive  plant  species  that  are  prevalent  in 
the  park,  Reynolds  realized  almost  immedi- 
ately that  it  was  the  perfect  project  for  stu- 
dents in  her  class,  but  also  a  way  to  engage 
the  community  in  scientific  research.  "The 
plants  don't  move,"  she  says,  so  observers 
don't  have  to  chase  or  trap  them.  "If  you  step 
on  them  or  harm  them,  it's  not  a  problem." 
But  perhaps  most  important,  they  represent 
a  very  serious  environmental  threat. 

In  a  strictly  aesthetic  sense,  many  of  the 
invasive  species  are  at  least  as  beautiful  as 
their  native  counterparts.  Privet,  for  in- 
stance, has  been  imported  widely  for  use  in 
ornamental  hedges.  Mimosa,  another  target 
species,  yields  soft,  pink  flowers. 

Some  of  these  species  have  been  here  for 
so  long  that  they  are  often  regarded  as'part 
of  the  American  landscape.  On  the  trail, 
Gwinn  reaches  down  and  brushes  dried 
leaves  away  from  a  small  honeysuckle  stem. 
In  giving  ranger  programs,  he  often  asks  lis- 
teners if  this  particular  species  is  native. 
Despite  the  fact  that  he  identifies  it  by  its 
full  name — Japanese  honeysuckle — many 
people  still  say  yes.  "They've  grown  up  pick- 
ing the  flowers  and  eating  the  honey  off  of 
them,"  he  says.  It's  hard  for  them  to  see  the 
plant  as  potentially  harmful. 

But  ecologists  know  better. 

Ecosystems  comprise  complex  networks 
of  species  large  and  small,  and  within  these 
networks,  invasive  species  compete  with 
native  plants  for  resources.  As  Gwinn,  Rey- 
nolds, and  Curry  move  on,  they  note  large 
swaths  of  Japanese  stiltgrass,  a  long,  leafy 
groundcover  that  forms  almost  a  carpet 
along  the  side  of  the  path.  The  grass,  says 
Gwinn,  "takes  over  the  entire  ecosystem," 
forcing  out  native  plants.  "The  deer  don't 
like  it,  so  you  have  more  and  more  deer  eat- 
ing fewer  and  fewer  plants."  Other  species 
have  other  detrimental  effects  that  similarly 
wend  their  way  up  the  food  chain. 


For  a  new  volunteer,  a  walk  through 
the  forest  can  be  intimidating — there 
are  so  many  invasive  plants! 
In  crafting  the  Plant  Stalkers  pro- 
gram, Reynolds  was  conscientious  about  mak- 
ing the  activity  accessible  for  volunteers 
from  a  range  of  backgrounds. 

Working  with  undergraduate  students  re- 
cruited through  DukeEngage  in  the  sum- 
mers of  2007  and  2008,  she  developed  train- 
ing manuals  and  videos  to  post  to  the  Web. 
Together  they  narrowed  a  list  of  twenty-five 
invasive  species  that  have  been  identified 
within  the  park's  boundaries  down  to  twelve 
"rank-one"  invasives,  the  most  pervasive 
and  harmful  of  the  bunch. 

Though  the  students,  who  had  science 
backgrounds,  were  able  to  search  for  several 
species  at  once,  they  decided  that  volun- 
teers should  focus  on  one  species  at  a  time 
to  make  the  activity  less  intimidating — and 
to  reduce  the  risk  of  errors  in  data  collec- 
tion. 

Volunteers,  who  can  borrow  a  GPS  unit 
from  the  ranger  station  or  bring  their  own, 
fill  out  a  worksheet  each  time  they  visit  the 
park.  As  they  identify  species,  they  record 
their  findings  on  the  GPS  unit,  but  also 
note  the  latitude  and  longitude  of  each 
finding  on  their  worksheet.  For  more  ad- 
vanced volunteers,  the  worksheet  also  has 
spaces  for  "bonus  data"  that  include  numer- 
ical ratings  that  characterize  the  size  and 
density  of  the  infestation,  the  habitat  where 


26 


i'ww.dukemaga:ine.  duke.edu 


it's  located,  and  the  tree  cover  above. 

Once  uploaded,  this  data  can  be  plotted 
onto  a  map.  Ultimately,  Reynolds  hopes  to 
use  these  maps  to  monitor  changes  in  inva- 
sive plant  populations  over  time. 

Before  Plant  Stalkers,  the  park's  primary 
source  of  invasive-species  data — beyond 
rangers'  day-to-day  observations — was  a 
survey  of  all  North  Carolina  state  parks 
done  by  the  park  service  in  1990.  The  sur- 
vey simply  noted  whether  a  particular  state 
park  had  infestations  of  each  of  a  list  of 
species,  and  ranked  the  infestation  on  a 
scale  of  one  to  five,  without  describing  spe- 
cific locations. 

In  his  time  at  the  park,  Gwinn  has  come 
to  know  the  trails  well,  and  has  a  good  idea 
of  where  specific  species  tend  to  spread,  but 
when  he  leaves  the  park,  that  institutional 
knowledge  will  disappear. 

The  new  data  will  help  the  park  apply  for 
grants  to  pay  for  eradication  crews.  "If  90 
percent  of  a  specific  trail  is  highlighted  for 
invasives,"  Gwinn  says,  "that  makes  an  im- 
pression." It  will  also  allow  park  employees 
to  document  the  success  (or  failure)  of  par- 
ticular eradication  strategies. 

Of  course,  Reynolds  realizes  that  not  all 
of  the  data  coming  in  are  going  to  be  com- 
pletely accurate.  While  Joan  Curry  has  vol- 
unteered for  the  park  in  the  past,  seeks  and 
identifies  plants  with  great  deliberation, 
and,  on  top  of  that,  is  an  avid  participant  in 
geocaching — a  hobby  where  participants 


use  GPS  coordinates  and  instructions  post- 
ed online  to  seek  out  hidden  treasures — not 
every  volunteer  is  going  to  be  so  perfectly 
suited  to  the  task. 

Reynolds  is  still  working  out  a  series  of 
checks  to  make  sure  her  data  are  clean.  For 
one,  she's  comparing  each  new  volunteer's 
early  findings  to  those  of  botanists  who've 
walked  the  same  trails.  She  also  asks  volun- 
teers to  mark  down  information  about  time 
and  distance  collected  by  the  GPS  units  to 
get  an  idea  of  how  fast  they  were  walking — 
and,  by  extension,  how  carefully  they  were 
looking.  (The  .29-mile  loop  with  Curry  takes 
almost  thirty-three  minutes,  including  twen- 
ty-three minutes  standing  still.) 

But  for  many  of  those  out  there  seeking, 
she  says,  the  real  purpose  isn't  necessarily 
data  collection.  At  training  sessions  that  she 
and  Gwinn  held  in  August  and  September, 
many  of  the  participants  were  children,  or 
adults  without  a  strong  background  in  sci- 
ence. She's  in  the  process  of  talking  to  local 
high  schools  about  sending  students  with 
community-service  requirements  her  way. 
And  she's  also  hoping  that  the  park  will  add 
a  GPS-mapping  component  to  existing  pro- 
grams for  elementary-school  students. 

Good  data  are  nice,  but  the  program's  main 
goals,  as  she  sees  it,  are  to  increase  science 
literacy,  promote  environmental  steward- 
ship, and  foster  a  sense  of  civic  engagement. 

— Jacob  Dagger 


^4 


Insidious  species:  Flora  experts  Gwinn, 
in  uniform,  and  Reynolds,  left,  help  citizen 
scientists  identify  invasive  plants  such  as 
tree  of  heaven  (ailanthus  altissimus)  and 
black  walnut  {juglans  nigra),  foreground,  and 
other  local  intruders  such  as  honeysuckle, 
privet,  and  sambucus,  from  top. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     January-February  2009 


Q&A 


Genetic  Pasts  and  Futures 


Over  the  last  several  years,  as  the  human 
genome  has  been  mapped  and  analyzed, 
there  has  been  a  movement  toward  personal- 
ized medicine  in  the  form  of  drugs  formulated 
for  and  targeted  to  individuals  based  on  their 
genes.  In  his  lab,  David  Goldstein,  a  professor 
of  molecular  genetics  and  microbiology  and 
director  of  the  Center  for  Population  Genomics 
at  Duke's  Institute  for  Genome  Sciences  and 
Policy  (IGSP),  studies  how  genetic  variations 
influence  individuals'  response  to  specific 
treatments.  Goldstein  has  served  informally 
on  a  research  team  that  has  used  population- 
genetics  analysis  to  study  Jewish  history. 
He  wrote  a  book  about  the  work  called  Jacob's 
Legacy:  A  Genetic  l//ew  ofkwhh  History. 

In  Jacob's  Legacy,  you  combine  a  traditional  telling  of 
history  with  your  own  genetic  research.  Can  you  talk 
about  the  intersection  between  those  fields?  The 

only  way  you  can  actually  do  genetic  histo- 
ry is  when  you  get  the  questions  that  you 
address  from  somewhere  else.  If  you  try  to 
use  genetics  to  learn  something  about 
human  history  cold,  you  will  get  nowhere. 
There  are  just  too  many  different  historical 
scenarios  that  are  consistent  with  any  par- 
ticular pattern  of  genetic  variation.  What 
that  means  is  that  you  have  to  get  your 
ideas  of  possible  alternative  histories  from 
somewhere. 

And  ideally  there  are  only  two  choices.  That's  exactly 

right.  The  fewer  the  options,  the  more  like- 
ly you  are  to  be  able  to  make  progress  using 
genetics.  Jewish  genetic  history  is  a  good  ex- 
ample of  that,  where  there  were  some  [areas 
where]  the  historical  context  gives  you  ex- 
tremely polari:ed  alternative  possibilities. 

One  thing  you  investigate  is  the  idea  of  a  Jewish 
priesthood  descended  through  the  years.  The  idea 

to  look  at  the  genetics  of  the  cohenim,  or 


priests,  wasn't  mine.  I  didn't  know  any- 
thing about  the  priesthood.  That  came 
from  two  people,  Neil  Bradman  and  Karl 
Skoreki,  whom  I  later  collaborated  with. 
They  made  the  very  simple  connection 
that  priestly  status  is  passed  on  from  father 
to  son,  and  so  is  the  Y  chromosome. 

So  what  did  you  find  in  that  particular  study?  There 

are  two  things  that  stand  out  in  terms  of 
the  Y  chromosome  genetic  makeup  of  the 
cohenim.  The  one  thing  is  that  the  compo- 
sition is  different  from  the  general  Jewish 
population,  and  more  homogeneous. 

The  other  feature  is  that  the  set  of  chro- 
mosomes among  the  cohenim  that  are  simi- 
lar can  actually  all  be  traced  to  an  origin, 
and  you  can  get  a  rough  estimate  of  the 
date  of  that  origin.  With  statistical  reliabili- 
ty, it's  more  than  500  years  ago.  But  the 
best  guess  of  its  age  is  almost  like  it's  a  pur- 
poseful construction.  It  goes  right  to  the 
temple  period,  3,000  years  ago. 

WOW.  The  key  there  is  it's  old.  The  estimate 
of  the  date  is  uncertain  statistically,  but  we 
can  absolutely  rule  out  a  recent  origin  to  it. 
Five  hundred  years  gets  us  out  of  the  surname 
period.  And  that's  really  important,  because 
there's  a  lot  of  evidence  that  there's  a  connec- 
tion between  surnames  and  Y  chromosomes. 

How  do  you  calculate  the  age  of  the  common  Y 

Chromosomes?  Generation  to  generation, 
genomes  are  not  copied  perfectly.  There  are 
mistakes  that  are  made.  And  some  sites  in  the 
genome  are  harder  to  copy  accurately  than 
others.  The  Y  chromosome  has  a  number  of 
these  hard-to-copy  sites,  and  these  change 
relatively  frequently.  So  you  take  all  of  the 
chromosomes  that  appear  related  to  one 
another,  and  you  ask:  How  much  variation 
is  there  at  these  quickly  evolving  sites?  Then 
you  develop  a  model  to  ask:  How  long  would 
it  take  for  that  much  variation  to  develop? 

Y  chromosomes  obviously  limit  you  to  studying 
genetic  traits  passed  down  through  males  of  each 
generation.  But  in  the  book,  you  presented  another 


study  using  mitochondrial  DNA  to  look  at  the 
maternal  line.  The  basic  idea  was  that  some- 
time after  the  beginning  of  the  Diaspora 
period,  when  Jews  were  outside  of  the  area 
of  ancient  Israel,  they  developed  a  custom 
that  you'd  be  considered  Jewish  if  your 
mother  was  Jewish.  So  you  might  expect, 
in  a  naive  way,  that  the  Y  chromosomes 
of  the  distinct  Jewish  populations  would 
not  necessarily  be  similar  to  one  another, 
but  the  mitochondrial  DNA  would  be, 
because  you  don't  get  any  input  of  females 
from  outside  of  the  population. 

We  got  what  could  be  viewed  as  almost 
the  opposite  to  the  expected  pattern,  where 
the  Y  chromosomes  were  relatively  similar 
among  Jewish  populations,  and  generally 
looked  Near  Eastern,  Middle  Eastern  in  ori- 
gin. The  mitochondria,  on  the  other  hand, 
were  hugely  different  from  one  population 
to  the  next,  and  you  couldn't  tell  where 
they  came  from  because  they  were  so  differ- 
ent from  anything  else. 

What  does  that  suggest  about  the  way  the  populations 

were  formed?  My  guess  is  that  it  reflects  an 
origin  of  Jewish  men  who  came  from  the 
Middle  Eastern  areas  and  established 
Jewish  populations  with  local  women — and 
in  the  beginning,  not  that  many  of  them. 
And  then  at  some  very  later  point,  the 
community  said,  "That's  it,  no  more 
women."  Barriers  go  up,  and  that's  what 
fixes  the  mitochondrial  composition. 

At  the  IGSP,  you  study  the  genetic  components  of  neuro- 
logical disease,  as  well  as  treatments.  You  recently  told 
The  New  York  Times  that  you  believe  many  of  the  pre- 
dictions about  the  role  of  decoding  the  human  genome 
in  improving  medical  treatments  were  oversold.  A 

whole  machinery  was  established  to  repre- 
sent common  [genetic]  variation  and  con- 
nect it  to  diseases.  That  machinery  was 
systematically  applied  to  every  single 
important  common  disease.  We  can  view 
the  output  of  all  of  that  work  as  having 
found  most  of  the  common  variants  that 
are  important  for  disease.  And  what  we  got 
out  of  it  was  very,  very  little. 

Genomics  is  really  extremely  complicated 
crank  turning — and  this  is  not  a  criticism, 


28 


ipw.dukemagazine.  duke.edu 


because  we  had  to  do  it  this  way.  But  what 
you  do  is  you  just  churn  through  the  genome 
and  see  what's  in  it.  And  that's  turned  out 
some  things,  hut  a  lot  of  the  biggest,  most 
important  things  actually  were  already 
found  before  we  got  to  the  age  of  turning 
the  crank  systematically. 

Today,  having  discovered  eighteen  or 
nineteen  new  gene  variants  that  are  linked 
to  type  2  diabetes,  can  we  do  a  significantly 
better  job  of  predicting  who  is  going  to  get 
type  2  diabetes  than  we  could  before,  when 
we  had  family  history,  an  individual's  weight 
and  so  on?  No.  Can  we  do  better  than 
before  in  any  disease?  Probably  with  a  few 
cancers  we  can  do  better  than  before.  And 
certainly  we  can  do  better  than  before  for 
age-related  macular  degeneration  and  glau- 
coma. That's  probably  it. 

So  What  is  next?  What  we  now  have  is  a  situation 
that  a  lot  of  people  in  the  community  are 
starting  to  refer  to  as  a  "dark  matter"  problem. 
Basically,  when  you  assess  what  the  genetic 
component  of  disease  is,  for  disease  after 
disease  after  disease,  it  is  really  high.  Now 
that  we  have  done  these  comprehensive  stu- 
dies for  common  variation,  we  can  ask:  How 
much  of  the  genetic  component  have  we 


explained?  Usually  the  answer  is  only  a  few 
percent.  So  we  have  something  else  that  we 
know  is  there,  but  we  can't  find  what  it  is. 


Goldstein:  Tracing  historical  patterns 

of  migration  and  disease  through  genomics. 


If  these  genetic  factors  are  that  rare,  how  do  you  create 
targeted  treatments?  The  truth  is  we  don't 

know.  There  is  a  concern,  in  some  cases  any- 
way, that  personalized  medicine  could  turn 
out  to  be  too  personalized. 

The  hope  was,  in  the  past,  that  you  might 
break  patients  off  into  a  handful  of  different 
groups  that  had  different  treatment  require- 
ments. [But]  if  almost  every  patient  with 
schizophrenia  or  epilepsy  has  a  different 
underlying  genetic  risk  factor,  you're  not 
actually  breaking  them  up  into  a  manage- 
able group  that  would  benefit  from  alterna- 
tive treatments. 

It  might  be  that  we  can  take  these 
different  rare  causes  and  class  them  togeth- 
er. For  example,  we  are  seeing  in  some  of 
the  work  that  we're  doing  that  there's  con- 
vergence on  some  relatively  obvious  path- 
ways involved  in  epilepsy  of  rare  causes.  So 
maybe  all  of  those  individuals  [who]  con- 
verge on  one  pathway  would  benefit  from 
one  treatment. 

Certainly,  our  job  has  gotten  harder  than 
it  looked  before. 


How  can  you  tell  there's  a  genetic  component  if  you  can't 
find  the  specific  markers?  Things  like,  to  what 

extent  does  the  disease  run  in  families? 
You  can  assess  that  by  asking  questions  like, 
if  there  is  an  individual  with  schizophrenia, 
what  is  the  probability  that  a  first-degree 
relative  will  have  schizophrenia?  The 
answer  is  it  is  around  10  percent,  whereas 
in  the  general  population,  it  is  around  one 
percent.  So  the  elevated  risk  if  you  have 
got  a  sibling  [with  the  disease]  is  a  factor 
of  ten.  You  can  take  out  the  environmental 
contribution  by  using  adoption  studies 
for  siblings,  and  there  clearly  is  an  over- 
whelming genetic  component.  In  fact,  for 
schizophrenia,  it  is  estimated  that  80  per- 
cent is  genetic.  But  big  studies  have  been 
done  looking  for  common  variants  that 
influence  schizophrenia,  and  we  find  noth- 
ing. No  genetic  contribution  for  common 
variants  at  all. 

There  are  now  all  sorts  of  indications  that 
a  lot,  and  perhaps  even  the  extreme  majori- 
ty, of  the  genetic  control  of  these  condi- 
tions is  due  to  rare  things  that  are  kept  rare 
in  the  population  because  they're  bad. 

DUKE  MAGAZINE 


What  do  you  think  about  ongoing  studies,  including  the 
Harvard  study  one  of  your  IGSP  colleagues  is  participat- 
ing in,  where  subjects  are  submitting  to  personal 
genome  mapping  and  making  that  information  publicly 
available  via  the  Internet?  For  the  rarer  things 

that  are  being  studied,  people  are  finding 
things  like  gaping  holes  in  the  genome, 
where  you've  got  a  whole  chunk  of  the 
genome  that's  missing  for  one  of  the  chro- 
mosomes, and  for  fifty  genes,  you  have  only 
half  of  the  complements  of  what  most  peo- 
ple have — you  get  only  a  copy  from  one 
parent  and  not  the  other. 

Some  of  those  are  just  bad,  bad,  bad.  And 
that's  no  joke  to  have  it  and  to  have  people 
know  about  it.  And  so  I  have  some  concern 
about  having  all  of  this  stuff  up  for  anyone 
to  look  at  and  what  the  implications  might 
be  for  an  individual.  I  have  some  concern 
about  the  movement  toward  full  public  dis- 
closure. I  don't  know  that  we're  actually 
fully  prepared  to  deal  with  it,  when  the 
genetic  differences  turn  out  to  mean  more 
than  we  think  they  might  right  now. 

— Jacob  Dagger 
January-February  2009  29 


We  Were  Soldiers  Once  and  Young 


W0Nd  War  II  had  far  reaching 

effects  on  the  Duke  community, 
from  the  establishment  of  the 
Naval  Reserve  Officers  Training 
Corps,  to  government-funded 
breakthroughs  in  medical  and 
scientific  research,  to  the 
postwar  GI  Bill,  which  educated 
thousands  of  returning  veterans. 
Faculty  members  and  employees 
worked  with  government  war 
agencies,  including  several  sci- 
entists who  collaborated  on  the 
Manhattan  Project  to  develop 
nuclear  weapons. 

Over  the  course  of  the  war, 
7,000  alumni  served  in  the 
various  branches  of  the  armed 
forces;  more  than  200  died. 

We  invited  alumni  who  were 
involved  in  the  war  to  share 
their  experiences.  We  heard 
from  several  dozen  readers,  far 
more  than  we  can  include  in 
these  pages.  For  more  first- 
person  accounts,  photos,  and 
maps,  visit  the  expanded  World 
War  II  feature  on  our  website, 
www.dukemagazine.duke.edu. 


Bound  by  war:  Alfred  Kent,  front  row  right,  and  fellow  members  of  the  Army's  103rd 
Infantry  Division-joined  by  soldiers  from  Ceylon,  center,  and  Morocco,  back  row  right- 
pose  for  candid  group  shot  in  Marseilles,  France,  on  October  31, 1944. 


Tom  Hart  '44,  J.D.  '50 

As  he  was  beginning  the  second  semester  of  his 
junior  year,  Hart  was  called  to  active  duty  with 
the  U.S.  Army  Air  Corps.  In  February  1943, 
he  and  some  200  of  his  Duke  classmates  were 
transported  to  Raleigh,  put  on  a  train,  and  sent 
to  Miami  Beach  for  Army  basic  training.  Hart 
is  now  a  retired  vice  president  of  Bowater  Inc. , 
and  lives  in  Redding,  Connecticut. 

We  got  off  the  train  on  a  hot, 
sunny  day  and  were  herded  into  the  backs  of 
open-air  trucks  and  driven  across  the  cause- 
way to  Miami  Beach.  We  were  told  that 
there  were  about  50,000  Air  Corps  trainees 
on  Miami  Beach,  and  as  we  in  civilian 
clothes  were  arriving  at  the  South  Beach 
art-deco  hotels,  it  seemed  thousands  of 
marching  troops  yelled  at  us,  "You'll  be 
sorry!"  And  they  were  right  to  a  large 
extent. 

Our  Duke  group  was  quartered  in  small 
hotels  off  Collins  Avenue  containing  GI 
beds  for  furniture.  Contingents  from  other 
Southern  and  Midwestern  colleges  were 
also  training  as  units.  We  dressed  in  sweaty 
"civvies"  for  two  days  until  we  were  issued 
our  high-cut  shoes,  olive  drab  coveralls, 
and  "sun  tans"  (dress  uniforms).  It  was  a 
tough  four  weeks  of  shaping  up  and  learn- 
ing "the  Army  way." 

We  had  several  hours  a  day  learning 
close-order  drill  and  marching  in  columns 
of  four  up  and  down  the  streets.  Lou  Bello 
['47],  later  an  NCAA  basketball  referee, 
was  our  song  master,  yelling  out  "Duke  Blue 
and  White  Song"  and  "Paddy  Murphy"  as 
we  marched  along.  Physical  training  was 
held  in  the  city  park  housing  the  baseball 
stadium  where  the  Phillies  had  trained  in 
1941,  when  Tommy  Prothro's  ['42]  father 
was  manager.  The  park's  grass  was  worn  off 
from  the  marching  and  running  feet  of  GIs. 

One  sport  we  engaged  in  was  "Miami 
Murder":  200  fatigue-uniformed  Dukesters 
would  line  up  like  a  rugby  scrum  opposite 
200  Georgia  Tech  guys,  with  a  huge,  ten- 
foot-diameter  rubber  ball  in  the  middle. 
The  object  was  to  push  it  over  the  opposite 
goal  line.  We  put  our  football  players  in  the 
front  ranks.  Like  a  tug-of-war,  once  one 
side  gathered  momentum,  it  was  a  rush  of 
bodies  over  others,  with  bruises  galore. 


Damren:  aspiring  athlete  and 
tenacious  member  of  Company  G. 


Jerry  Damren  49 

Damren  entered  Duke  in  September  of  1941  with  hopes  of  playing  baseball  for  Coach 
Jack  Coombs.  Three  months  later,  Pearl  Harbor  forced  him  to  change  his  plans.  He  tried  to 
enlist  in  the  U.S.  Marines  but  failed  the  eye  exam.  He  was  inducted  into  the  U.S.  Army 
and  sent  overseas,  first  to  North  Africa,  and  then  to  Italy.  A  retired  school  administrator, 
Damren  lives  in  West  Lebanon,  New  Hampshire. 


I  WAS  INDUCTED  IN  DURHAM  and 
sent  to  Fort  Bragg,  North  Carolina,  in 
November  1942,  and  then  to  Camp 
Chaffee,  Arkansas,  for  basic  training. 
From  there,  I  went  to  communication 
school  at  Fort  Knox,  Kentucky.  I  became 
a  radio  operator  in  a  tank.  I  did  not  like 
this  assignment,  so  I  volunteered  to  go 
overseas. 

In  Naples,  Italy,  I  was  assigned  to  the 
351st  Regiment,  Company  G.  We  moved 
to  Rome  and  continued  on  a  northerly 
route  up  the  peninsula  of  Italy.  The  Po 
Valley  was  our  goal.  As  we  arrived  in  that 
area,  the  Americans  gained  control  of 
Vedriano,  which  was  a  key  stronghold. 

The  Germans  brought  in  reinforce- 
ments, and  another  battle  for  this  territory 
began.  During  this  fierce  battle,  Company 
G  was  surrounded  and  fighting  desperately. 
A  German  radio  message  was  intercepted, 
telling  their  troops:  "Attack  Vedriano. 
Vedriano  is  decisive!"  This  was  followed 
by:  "Vedriano  retaken.  Eighty  Americans 
are  captured." 

Company  G,  with  approximately  150 


9. 
tik 

soldiers,  had  approached  closer  to  the  Po 
Valley  than  any  unit  in  the  Fifth  Army. 
The  area  was  close  to  the  main  lateral 
road  for  the  German  forces.  Eighty  mem- 
bers of  Company  G  were  captured  on 
October  24,  1944-  General  George  Patton 
liberated  us  on  April  29,  1945,  at  Stalag 
VII-A  in  Moosburg,  Germany.  The  Ger- 
man propaganda  gave  the  88th  Division 
the  nickname  "Blue  Devils"  because  this 
outfit  fought  with  tenacious  resistance. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     January-February  2009 


31 


Theodore  Robinson '40 

As  a  U.S.  Navy  midshipman,  Robinson  asked  to  serve  on  patrol  torpedo  (PT)  boats,  known 
for  their  speed  and  nimbleness  in  delivering  enormous  firepower — enough  to  sink  a  battleship. 
Now  retired  from  ATiST  artd.  an  avid  gardener  and  environmentalist,  Robinson  speaks 
frequently  about  his  World  War  II  experiences  to  various  civic  organizatiom .  The  following 
is  an  excerpt  from  his  presentation,  "JFK  and  PT  109:  An  Eyewitness  Account." 


On  the  night  of  August  1,  1943, 
a  Japanese  destroyer  roared  out  of  the 
darkness  of  Blackett  Strait  and  rammed 
PT  109,  slicing  it  in  half.  The  boat  was 
skippered  by  a  young  Navy  lieutenant 
named  John  F.  Kennedy,  destined  to  be- 
come President  of  the  United  States.  I 
was  a  few  miles  away  on  PT  1 59,  the  lead 
boat  in  the  attack,  standing  next  to  the 
PT  commander  in  charge  of  the  entire 
operation.  We  witnessed  the  explosion.... 
A  week  later,  we  got  word  that  the  crew 
of  PT  109  were  still  alive,  trapped  miles 
behind  enemy  lines.  Two  PT  boats  were 
selected  to  sneak  through  the  darkness  and 
bring  JFK  and  his  beleaguered  crew  to 
safety.  I  volunteered  to  go  along  on  the 
boat  that  picked  him  up  and  was  the  first 
to  talk  to  his  burned  and  starving  crew. 


A  month  to  the  day  after  the  rescue, 
I  lost  my  own  boat,  PT  118,  in  combat 
and  was  sent  back  to  Tulagi  [in  the 
Solomon  Islands]  and  lived  in  the  same 
tent  with  JFK  while  we  were  both  re- 
cuperating. I  learned  about  [his]  most 
intimate  thoughts,  not  only  about  what 
had  happened  that  fateful  August  night 
— he  was  concerned  about  how  the  loss 
of  his  boat  would  look,  given  that  his 
father  was  ambassador  to  the  Court  of 
St.  James's  in  England — but  also  what  he 
was  like  as  a  person.  We  became  friends, 
as  only  two  men  thrown  together  by  the 
fortunes  of  war  can. 

Profiles  in  courage:  While  recuperating  from  in- 
juries, tent  mates  Robinson,  above  left,  and  Ken- 
nedy took  photos  of  one  another  in  similar  poses. 


John  C.  Long  '49 

Long  was  a  technical  sergeant  in  the  U.S. 
Army  from  1 943  to  1 945  and  served  as 
company  clerk  ofD  Company.  His  battalion 
kept  the  3rd  Infantry  Division  supplied, 
from  Casablanca  to  Florence.  He  lives  in 
Durham,  Connecticut. 

I  REMEMBER  BEING  HERDED  into  a 
forty-by-eight  rail  car  for  a  scenic  journey 
from  Casablanca  to  Oran  and  Algiers. 
While  we  were  there,  along  came  Bob 
Hope  and  his  USO  troupe.  Imagine  a 
British-style  steel  helmet  with  the  inner 
lining  pulled  tight  so  that  the  helmet  sat 
on  the  top  of  his  head.  What  a  sight — 
what  a  laugh!  Unfortunately,  the  Luftwaffe 
ended  the  show  after  fifteen  minutes  by 
bombing  the  ships  in  the  harbor. 

Next,  we  crossed  the  Mediterranean 
to  Italy.  Anzio-Nettuno  [sites  of  Allied 
landing  beginning  January  22,  1944]  was 
a  five-month  stalemate.  The  mosquitoes 
had  a  field  day  while  we  endured  shelling, 
bombing,  and  small-arms  fire.  Then 
another  sea  voyage — this  time  to  La 
Belle,  France.  Fortunately,  the  Romanian 
division  of  the  Axis  powers  opposing  the 
invasion  of  Provence  wisely  decided  to 
surrender  en  masse.  A  great  "traffic  jam." 

On  the  coast  road  to  Toulon  and  Mar- 
seilles, we  encountered  an  SS  unit  and 


dug  into  the  sea  hillside.  After  losing  two 
tanks,  the  Army  radioed  the  Navy  for  its 
floating  artillery  to  help  us  out.  What 
cooperation!  No  more  SS. 

Still  on  the  road,  here  comes  a  French- 
man (he  was  almost  shot)  running  down 
a  hill  from  a  farm  waving  bottles  of  wine 
he  had  hidden  from  the  Germans.  His 
name  was  Joe  Moscow,  and  he  had  been  a 
taxi  driver  in  New  York  City  in  1935, 
when  France  called  him  back  to  serve  in 
the  French  army.  Excellent  Bordeaux. 


•.dukemaea:  me.  duke.edu 


Lifesaver:  Kent  came  to  rescue  of  gravely 
injured  sergeant. 


Alfred  H.Kent '49,  M.D. '53 

Kent  was  assigned  to  the  U.S.  Army's  103rd 
Infantry  Division.  Several  years  ago,  he 
wrote  an  essay  for  a  compilation  by  103rd 
Division  officers.  This  excerpt  is  an  account 
of  an  incident  that  took  place  the  morning  of 
November  16,  1944,  in  La  Bolls,  France, 
when  he  was  wounded  by  enemy  fire.  The 
battle,  part  of  a  winter  offensive  through  the 
Vosges  Mountains,  was  the  103rd's  first 
combat  operation.  Kent  is  a  retired  thoracic 
surgeon  and  lives  in  Auburn,  Alabama. 


Melvin  D.  Small  M.D.  59 

Small  was  a  sergeant  in  the  44th  Infantry 
Division.  He  says  that  the  following  account 
of  "how  1  personally  paralyzed  the  French 
4th  Armored  Division"  is  the 
only  event  in  his  eight  months 
of  combat  that  he  can  look 
back  on  with  a  smile .  The  inci- 
dent took  place  in  December  of 
1 944  in  northern  France .  A 
retired  gastroenterologist  in 
Palm  Beach  Gardens,  Florida, 
Small  now  works  in  the  field  of 
pain  management. 

Fire  starter:  Small  takes  blame  for  inadver- 
tent rift  in  American-French  relations. 


Our  medics  were  overwhelmed 
by  the  number  of  wounded.  Finally, 
there  was  a  pause  in  the  enemy  fire,  and 
two  medics  dressed  my  wound  and  car- 
ried me  about  a  hundred  feet  to  a  fox- 
hole. A  few  minutes  later  the  medics 
dumped  a  second  wounded  man  in  on 
top  of  me.  He  had  a  sucking  chest 
wound,  and  it  was  difficult  for  him  to 
breathe.  We  were  wedged  together  on 
our  sides.  I  was  able  to  pull  his  shirts  up 
and  put  my  hand  over  the  hole  in  his 
chest.  He  coughed  a  lot  but  eventually 
began  to  breathe  more  easily.  He  was 
Sergeant  Fuhr. 

We  were  to  stay  wedged  in  that  small 
hole  all  the  rest  of  that  day  and  all 
night. 

At  some  point,  he  became  convinced 
that  he  would  not  survive.  He  made  me 
swear  that  I  would  take  his  wedding 
band  and  return  it  to  his  wife  and  tell 
her  all  that  had  happened.  I  reassured 
him  as  well  as  I  could,  but  I  wasn't  so 
damn  sure  myself  that  he  would  survive. 

We  were  finally  taken  out  of  the  hole 
and  moved  to  an  aid  station  a  little  over 
twenty-five  hours  after  being  wounded. 
Eventually,  we  were  both  evacuated  to 
field  hospitals  for  surgery,  and  we  both 
survived. 

Fuhr  died  a  few  years  ago,  but  his  fam- 
ily told  me  that  he  related  the  story  of 
his  wound  and  my  efforts  to  help  him 
many  times.  They  said  he  credited  me 
with  saving  his  life. 


I   WAS   FREEZING  AND  SILENTLY 
CURSING  MYSELF  FOR  HAVING  VOL- 
UNTEERED to  interpret  for  the  airplane 
mechanics  as  we  headed  east  to  the  airstrip 
of  the  French  4th  Armored  Division 

through  a  steady  downpour  of  sleet 
and  rain.  Sarge,  the  American 
mechanic,  was  driving  the  open 
Jeep  bearing  the  two  of  us  and  a 
collection  of  tools  and  parts  to 
repair  the  4th  Armored's  artillery 
spotter  plane. 

As  we  arrived,  we  were  greeted 
by  several  volleys  of  grease-gun 
fire — modified  Thompson  subma- 
chine guns — which  was  directed  at 
the  sky  by  the  Moroccan  guards  at 
the  airstrip.  After  appropriate  introductions 
and  a  request  to  see  the  mechanic  in 
charge,  the  tools  and  supplies  were  prompt- 
ly transferred  from  the  Jeep  to  the  tent  near 
the  airstrip.  Our  work  began  with  a  rather 
lengthy  dissertation  by  Sarge,  which  I 
translated  for  the  French  mechanic.  Since 
the  French  mechanic  had  his  own  view  of 
the  process,  and  Sarge  felt  that  he  was  in 
charge,  more  time  was  spent  arguing  about 
the  process  than  in  fixing  the  plane.  I  final- 
ly decided  to  go  into  the  tent  to  warm  up 
while  they  diddled  with  the  plane  and  their 
respective  authorities. 

There  was  a  pot-belly  stove  in  the  tent 
that  was  loaded  with  wood  and  kindling, 
and  I  used  up  a  full  pack  of  matches  trying 
to  start  it.  I  went  out  to  the  plane  and 
picked  up  a  Jerry  can  of  gasoline,  which  I 
carefully  carried  into  the  tent.  I  poured  a 
small  amount  of  gas  on  the  wood  in  the 
stove,  closed  the  can,  and  carried  it  back 
outside,  without  noticing  that  I  had  left  a 
trail  of  gasoline  from  the  stove  to  the  plane. 
I  went  back  into  the  tent,  threw  a  match 
into  the  stove,  and  barely  made  it  out  of  the 
tent  before  the  ensuing  conflagration  con- 
sumed it  and  the  parts  and  special  tools  that 
we  had  brought. 

The  Moroccan  guards  were  startled  into 
their  favorite  activity  and  began  firing  into 
the  sky  again,  and  then  got  close  to  the  fire 
to  warm  up,  thinking  this  was  a  great  way  to 
end  a  miserable  day.  The  French  mechanic 
and  one  of  the  pilots  had  their  day,  and  even 
in  French,  none  of  it  was  pleasant.  Since  I 
inadvertently  had  done  my  part  to  ruin 
American-French  relationships,  and  there 
was  nothing  more  we  could  do  without  tools 
and  airplane  parts  to  ameliorate  the  situa- 
tion, we  left  to  another  hail  of  sky-directed 
bullets  as  the  guards  saluted  our  departure. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     January-February  2009 


Dean  McCandless  46,  M.D  50 

McCandless  was  a  lieutenant  and  communi- 
cations officer  serving  in  the  505th  Parachute 
Infantry  Regiment  of  the  82nd  Airborne  Di- 
vision .  He  participated  in  four  campaigns — 
Sicily,  Italy,  Normandy,  Holland — without 
serious  injury.  During  the  Battle  of  the  Bulge 
(December  16,  1944  to  January  25,  1945), 
waged  in  the  Ardennes  toward  the  end  of  the 
war,  McCandless  was  promoted  to  Regi- 
mental Communications  officer,  a  captain's 
job.  A  retired  family-practice  physician, 
McCandless  lives  in  La  Quinta,  California. 

On  January  7,  1945,  on  a  snow 
covered  trail  in  the  woods  about  a  half 
mile  from  Goronne,  Belgium,  I  got  shot 
in  my  left  shoulder  and  knocked  flat  in 
the  snow.  There  I  lay,  very  still,  fearing 
they  might  shoot  again.  Soon  a  battalion 
surgeon  found  me,  asked  if  I  could  get  up, 
then  bared  my  shoulder  right  there  in  the 
snow,  dressed  the  wound  front  and  back, 
restored  my  garments,  and  gave  me  a 
sling  for  my  arm.  Thus,  I  was  in  scant  dis- 
tress and  wanted  to  continue  with  my 
wire  parties.  He  insisted  that  I  return 
with  him  to  the  aid  station  and  that  I  be 
evacuated  to  the  rear. 

Shortly  [afterward],  someone  noticed 
my  helmet.  There  were  two  bullet  dents 
just  at  the  front  edge.  Had  I  not  been 
looking  downward  at  the  narrow  trail  in 
the  snow,  those  bullets  would  have 
entered  my  forehead,  and  my  wife,  Polly, 
would  have  become  a  widow! 


Archie  Lugenbeel  57 

Lugenbeel  served  as  a  seaman  first  class  on  the  USS  Wallace  L.  Lind  in  the  Pacific  Theater. 
The  ship  and  its  crew  saw  action  in  the  battles  of  Luzon,  Iwojima,  and  Okinawa  and  witnessed 
the  surrender  in  Tokyo  Bay.  Before  retiring,  Lugenbeel  was  dean  of  health  sciences  at  Trident 
Technical  College  in  Charleston,  South  Carolina.  He  lives  in  Panama  City,  Florida. 


Our  ship's  responsibility  was  in 

bombardments,  picking  up  our  downed 
pilots,  shooting  floating  mines,  and  de- 
stroying enemy  aircraft.  During  the  Okina- 
wa campaign,  the  Japanese  sent  thousands 
of  kamikazes  at  the  fleet.  No  way  our  air 
patrols  could  keep  these  planes  out.  As  a 
destroyer,  we  were  basically  saved  from 
their  suicide  attacks  because  they  wanted 


the  [aircraft]  carriers,  cruisers,  or  battleships 
as  their  prize. 

One  of  the  Jap  pilots  flew  within  a  few 
yards  of  our  ship,  and  I  could  see  his  face, 
flight  goggles  and  all.  If  I  had  had  a  base- 
ball, I  could  have  hit  his  canopy  with  it. 
That  same  day,  a  Jap  pilot  flew  over  a  baby 
flattop  [escort  aircraft  carrier].  He  got 
above  it  on  the  fin  tail  and  dove  to  strike  it 


Reunited:  McCandless  and  his  nearly 
widowed  wife,  Polly. 


dLikemagazine.duke.edu 


but  saw  that  he  was  going  to  miss  it  and 
pulled  up.  This  he  did  three  other  times, 
until  he  splashed  in  the  ocean. 

Our  ship  accomplished  the  following: 
enemy  planes  shot  down  as  assets  or 
direct  kill — ten;  pilots  (ours)  retrieved 
from  the  ocean — sixteen;  floating  mines 
destroyed — 127.  We  were  at  sea  348  days, 
covered  120,000  miles,  and  expended 
55,804  rounds  of  ammunition. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     January-February  2009 


Richard  H.  Owen  III  37 

Owen  served  as  a  gunnery  officer  aboard  the 
destroyer  USS  Daly.  Only  a  few  weeks  after 
the  atomic  bomb  was  dropped  on  Nagasaki  on 
August  9,  1945,  Owen  received  orders  to 
report  to  duty  there.  Shortly  before  Owen  died 
in  1999,  he  was  invited  to  speak  at  a  Navy 
memorial  celebration.  This  is  an  excerpt  from 
his  prepared  presentation. 

When  I  stepped  to  the  ground 
AT  NAGASAKI,  my  foot  met  a  thin  layer 
of  glass.  It  shattered  under  my  weight,  and 
I  was  reminded  of  the  thinly  frozen  mud 
puddles  I  enjoyed  invading  as  a  child. 
Apparently,  the  heat  from  the  exploding 
bomb  had  melted  the  earth  into  a  thin 
cover  of  glass  even  at  this  point,  which  was 
about  five  miles  from  the  bomb  center. 

Everywhere  we  went,  the  scenery  varied, 
but  all  had  the  same  characteristic.  It 
appeared  that  some  giant,  irresistible  force 
had  pushed  the  earth  down  upon  itself.  No 
buildings  remained,  just  dust,  compressed 
debris.  There  were  some  piles  of  this  rub- 
ble/debris where  a  masonry  building  had 
been  toppled,  then  compressed.  Factory 
chimneys  were  toppled  to  a  45-degree 
angle,  left  in  this  crazy  position,  ready  to 
fall  but  not  doing  so.  The  metal  reinforcing 
from  some  buildings  was  melted  and  now 
configured  as  a  melted  candle  with  its  wax 
congealed  and  hardened  into  some 
grotesque  shape. 

The  color  of  the  landscape  toward  the 
center  of  the  blast  was  indescribably  pecu- 
liar. I  never  saw  a  color  just  like  it.  It  was 
not  gray.  It  was  not  black.  If  death  has  a 
color,  this  was  its  color,  spread  as  far  as  the 
eye  could  reach  and  with  absolutely  no 
penetration  of  a  sun's  ray. 


Donald  Bright  Buckley  45 

Buckley  was  in  the  Duke  NROTC  program 
and  became  the  fighter  director  officer  on 
board  the  USS  Newman  K.  Perry.  Buckley 
now  lives  in  Salisbury,  Connecticut,  where 
he  owns  and  operates  Buckley  and  Buckley 
Antiques. 

We  were  sitting  off  the  coast 
of  southern  Kyushu,  ready  to  go  in 
for  the  final  invasion  of  Japan.  We'd  sur- 
vived kamikazes  and  typhoons  and  were 
about  to  perform  the  mission  for  which 
we'd  been  trained.  Twelve  destroyers 
equipped  with  carrier-quality  air  pilots 
capable  of  handling  the  protection, 
retrieval,  and  safe  return  of  our  carrier- 


fw.  duke  magazine,  duke.edu 


Operation  panic  control:  Buckley,  left,  stands 
watch  on  bridge  of  USS  Newman  K.  Perry. 
Below,  jazz,  swing,  and  hillbilly  string  bands 
played  harmoniously  during  smallpox  outbreak, 
thanks  to  Buckley,  far  right  with  r 


based  strikes,  operating  far  closer  to  the 
targets  than  the  giant  carrier  task  forces. 

The  countdown  was  on.  And  then  . . . 
Japan  surrendered. 

We  were  the  first  ship  into  Nagoya  har- 
bor. A  cheer  went  up  when  we  sighted  our 
first  victory  trophy  off  the  starboard  bow: 
the  bombed-out  remains  of  the  huge  Mitsu- 
bishi aircraft  factory.  It  had  been  the  hatch- 
ing ground  of  the  blood-thirsty  vultures 


that  preyed  on  our  ships  and  shipmates,  the 
Zeroes  and  Betty  Bombers. 

My  responsibility  was  to  control  fighters 
launched  by  the  carriers  in  day  or  night 
intercepts  of  enemy  aircraft,  using  top- 
secret  radar  and  radio.  Pretty  big  job  for  a 
twenty-one-year-old  ensign  fresh  out  of 
Duke  NROTC.  And  the  strange  thing 
about  it  was  that  I  got  this  coveted  job 
because  of  my  involvement  with  the  Duke 
Ambassadors,  for  which  I  played  tenor  sax, 
and  the  Hoof  'n'  Horn  Club,  for  which  I 
wrote  two  musical  comedies. 

The  Navy's  Bureau  of  Naval  Personnel 
had  concluded  that  musicians  were  prime 
candidates  for  intense  fighter  director 
training.  In  their  view,  the  ability  to  work 
simultaneously  with  melody,  harmony, 
counterpoint,  lyrics,  and  orchestration  was 
closely  related  to  the  task  of  working  with 
the  airspeed,  course,  altitude,  wind,  and 
weather  of  both  an  incoming  enemy  air- 
craft and  your  outbound  fighter. 

After  three  months  of  occupation  duty, 
sailing  from  Nagoya  to  Wakayama  to 
Yokosuka,  I  got  my  orders  homeward 
aboard  the  USS  Hermitage,  a  converted 
liner,  carrying  6,500  troops  and  500  Navy 
crew  members.  Five  days  out,  black  small- 
pox broke  out,  and  we  began  a  fourteen-day 
quarantine.  Word  spread  through  the  ship, 
and  we  were  on  the  edge  of  a  panic  situa- 
tion. I  went  to  the  captain  and  asked  per- 
mission to  put  together  shows  to  keep  the 
troops  occupied.  Permission  granted. 

Fate  was  with  me.  There  was  a  store 
room  aft  with  band  instruments  from  the 
prewar  days  when  the  ship  had  posh  cruise 
entertainment.  Talent  exploded  from  the 
troops  and  crew.  Suddenly,  I  had  a  sixteen- 
piece  jazz  band,  a  hillbilly  quartet,  a  night- 
club emcee,  and  a  star  singer  from  Xavier 
Cugat's  band.  We  did  three  shows  a  day  on 
the  main  deck  and  kept  the  returning  GIs 
occupied,  entertained — and  calm. 

Almost  every  member  of  the  Duke 
Ambassadors  was  in  a  reserve  program. 
When  we  all  left  to  go  to  war,  we'd  had 
great  plans  to  re-form  the  band  and  hit  the 
road.  MCA  Records  had  offered  us  a  fat 
contract. 

There  had  been  sixteen  of  us.  But  only 
eight  came  back. 


Walter  E.  Shackelford  42 

Shackelford  was  a  senior  at  Duke  when 
Pearl  Harbor  was  attacked.  He  joined  the 
U.S.  Naval  Reserve  (now Navy  Reserve) 
and  graduated  before  going  to  the  U.S.  Naval 
Reserve  Midshipman  School  of  New  York 
(at  Columbia  University)  and  then  to  the 
U.S.  Naval  Academy  for  training  as  a  com- 
munications officer.  A  retired  photographer, 
Shackelford  lives  in  Durham. 

At  the  surrender  on  the 
mlyake-shima  islands  south  of 
J  A  PAN ,  I  received  a  sword  and  pistol  as 
victory  booty.  Many  years  passed  before  I 
took  out  the  sword  and  had  a  Japanese 
native  translate  writing  on  the  bag  cover- 


Reunited:  Shackelford  returns  sword  to  Seno. 

ing  it.  The  writing  gave  the  name  of  the 
owner,  Takuyo  Seno. 

I  had  a  son  working  for  Piedmont 
Airlines  who  had  a  Japanese  boss.  He  was 
kind  enough  to  see  if  the  owner  was  still 
alive  and  found  that  he  was.  We  contacted 
him  and  found  that  he  would  like  to  have 
the  sword  back,  as  it  had  been  given  to  him 
by  his  father  when  he  became  an  officer  in 
the  Japanese  army. 

When  I  arrived  at  Narita  Airport,  there 
was  a  Japan  Airlines  official  looking  for  me 
at  the  baggage.  After  picking  up  my  bag- 
gage and  sword,  he  took  me  to  a  private 
room  where  customs  officials  carefully 
opened  the  box,  examined  the  sword,  re- 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     January-February  2009  37 


Surrender  ceremony:  Shackelford, 
far  left,  waits  to  receive  war  weapon. 


corded  a  lot  of  data,  and  then  tewrapped 
the  sword. 

Two  airline  officials  took  my  son  and 
me  to  a  waiting  car  that  took  us  to  the 
police  station  near  the  terminal.  It  was 
there  that  the  sword's  owner,  Mr.  Seno, 
several  Japan  Airlines  officials,  the  chief 
of  police,  and  some  press  members  were 
waiting  in  a  private  conference  room. 

I  immediately  knew  Mr.  Seno  from  the 
photograph  he  had  sent  me  and  stepped 
forward  to  shake  hands  with  him.  At 
that  point,  with  an  interpreter,  I  made  a 
little  formal  presentation  of  the  sword  to 
Mr.  Seno,  to  the  effect  that  I  had 
received  the  sword  as  a  symbol  of  victory 
and  was  now  returning  his  sword  to  him 
as  a  symbol  of  peace  and  friendship 
between  our  two  countries. 

Mr.  Seno  seemed  quite  touched  and 
proceeded  to  open  the  box  and  look  for 
the  cotton  cloth  that  revealed  his  name. 
"That's  my  handwriting,"  he  exclaimed. 
He  broke  into  a  big  smile. 

This  all  happened  on  Wednesday,  Sep- 
tember 26,  1984,  after  a  fourteen-hour 
plane  ride.  I  have  to  say  that  this  was 
one  of  the  most  exciting  and  gratifying 
days  of  my  life.  My  friendship  with  the 
Seno  family  has  continued  to  this  very 
day.  Through  all  these  years  we  have 
exchanged  cards,  letters,  small  gifts,  and 
pictures  of  our  families.  Mr.  Seno  died  on 
February  1,2004- 


Musical  memories:  For 
Henderson,  kneeling  center, 
Handel  composition  marked 
war's  beginning  and  end. 


Charles  Henderson  41,  J.D.  '42 

In  November  1980,  Henderson  attended  a 
Duke  Chapel  service  and  noticed  in  the  church 
bulletin  that  the  annual  presentation  of  Handel's 
Messiah  was  scheduled  to  be  performed  on 
December  7,  prompting  him  to  write  the  fol- 
lowing letter  to  The  Chronicle.  Among  Hen- 
derson's family  members  who  also  attended 
Duke  are  his  brother  David  Henderson  '35, 
and  sons  Robert  Henderson  '76,  J.D.  '79  and 
James  Henderson  '83.  He  died  in  1999. 

On  Sunday  afternoon,  December 

7 ,  1941,1  was  a  twenty-one-year-old 
law  student.  The  lovely  nurse  whom  I  was 
dating  and  I  were  touched  by  the  wonderful 
music  and  "Hallelujah"  chorus  conclusion, 
but  as  we  walked  out  into  the  chill  of  the 
late  afternoon  we  learned  that  the  Japanese 
had  bombed  Pearl  Harbor.  Everywhere  stu- 
dents stood  in  clusters  whispering  their 
shock.  Since  the  draft  had  already  claimed 
many,  and  the  rest  of  us  were  very  much 
"military  age,"  we  knew  that  many  in  our 


midst  would  not  survive  (and  many  didn't). 

Three  thousand  miles  and  [almost  four] 
years  later,  I  was  aboard  the  USS  Arimech  as 
a  supply  officer.  We  had  finished  supplying 
troop  transports,  destroyers,  and  escorts 
with  full  cargos  of  food  and  other  supplies 
in  readiness  for  the  deadly  assault  on  Japan 
that  was  expected  momentarily. 

Sitting  in  the  wardroom  having  a  "cuppa 
Joe"  and  listening  to  the  Armed  Forces 
radio  from  a  nearby  island,  I  heard  the  an- 
nouncement that  the  Japanese  had  surren- 
dered, followed  instantly  by  the  "Hallelujah" 
chorus  by  Handel  that  I  had  not  heard 
since  that  day  in  1941- 

For  me,  the  beginning  and  end  of  World 
War  II  was  that  chorus.  ■ 

— Bridget  Booher,  with  additional 
reporting  by  Kate  Bailey 

More  stories  from  Duke  World  War  II  vets 

and  a  forum  for  contributing  your  story. 

www.dukemagazine.duke.edu. 


Keraauazine. 


TheDUKE  ALUMNI  ASSOCIATION 
plans  to  honor  alumni  who  died  while  on 
active  duty  in  the  military. 

We  are  in  the  process  of  adding  names  to  the  existing  memorials 
and  need  your  help  to  ensure  that  the  list  is  accurate  and  inclusive. 
If  you  know  of  someone  not  on  the  list  who  should  be  or  have  a 
correction  to  a  name  already  on  the  list,  please  contact  the  DAA: 
www.dukealumni.com;  Box  90572,  Durham,  NC  27708;  (919)  684-5114. 
We  are  continuing  to  work  with  military  authorities  to  identify  and 
verify  Duke  alumni  who  made  the  ultimate  sacrifice  for  their  country. 
Please  help  us  assure  that  their  sacrifice  is  not  forgotten. 


WORLD     WAR      I 

Robert  Banks  Anderson  '14 
Robert  Nathaniel  Beckwith  '17 
James  Wiley  Brown  '12 
Donald  Fruman  Cheatham  '11 
Benjamin  Franklin  Dixon  '03 
Millard  Glenn  Eatman  '17 
John  Marshall  Faucette  '12 
John  Irvin  Fayssoux  '14 
Edward  Cedric  Harris  '17 
James  Lee  Hesse  '19 
Lynne  S.  Holcombe  '19 
John  Wadsworth  Hutchinson  '07 
William  Lawrence  McCullen  '14 
Allison  Martin  Page  '20 
Jesse  Veake  Reed  '14 
Sanford  Amon  Richardson  '08 
John  Thomas  Ring  '16 
Martin  Luther  Stuart  '13 
Thomas  Raysor  Summers  '17 
Royall  Wright  Tilley  '15 
Paul  Carrington  Venable  '14 
William  Pritchard  Williford  '17 

WORLD     WAR      II 

Randall  B.  Adams  '37 
John  Richard  Ahem  '45 
Charles  B.  Allen  32 
Edgar  Arthur  Allen  '33 
William  K.  Anderson  L  '41 
Allen  Richard  Arnold  BSME  '45 
William  Reign  Ault  L  '42 
Henry  James  Austin  '44 
James  Fairfowl  Baker  '41 
William  Ralph  Bargetz  '46 
Edgar  Rees  Bassett  '37 
Robert  Martin  Becker  '42 
Royal  Lindsay  Beede  '44 
Sidney  Alexander  Benson  '44 
Malcolm  Russell  Bigelow  '35 
Robert  Stuart  Bingham  '44 
John  L.  Bishop  '39 
Donald    Edward  Blake  '40 
William  Garland  Blanchard  '46 


Alan  Louis  Bowen  '45 
Colver  Benjamin  Breneman  '  44 
Arthur  Walter  Brian  '42 
John  S.  Brittingham  Jr.  '45 
John  Stuart  Bromage  BSME  '41 
Arthur  C.  Brown  '39 
Morrison  Ropes  Brown  '37 
Paul  Paisley  Brown  '37 
Theron  Hart  Brown  III  '39 
Walter  Earl  Brown  M'39 
Robert  Franklin  Browning  '44 
Julius  Caesar  Burge  Jr.  M.D.  '37 
Collins  Pitman  Byrn  '44 
Reginald  Russ  Calvin  '41 
Charles  Albert  Cannon  Jr.  '41 
Edward  Clement  Cannon  '38 
Robert  Stephenson  Carson  '43 
John  Thomas  Caskey  '39 
Harvey  Bassett  Clarke  '42 
John  Owings  Cockney  Jr.  L'43 
John  Douglas  Coe  '38 
Trela  Dempsie  Collins  Jr.  '41 
Marcus  Vincent  Courtney  '43 
Robert  W.  Cummings  Jr.  BSME  '37 
Penrose  Moore  Davis  Jr.'  41 
Charles  James  Demaria  '43 
Stanley  Stuart  Diamond  G'42 
James  Wilson  Dobbins  '39 
Richard  A.  Donnelly  Jr.  '39 
Robert  Charles  Downs  '37 
Lawrence  McFarland  Duncan  '46 
Davis  Henry  Dunn  Jr.  '45 
John  Francis  Dykes  '45 
George  East  '42 

George  Richard  P.  Eggleston  '46 
David  William  Emmett  '40 
Robert  Emmett  Ecans  Jr.  '45 
Paul  Ferguson  '46 
Robert  Paul  Fleischer  '35 
Lawrence  Flinn  G  '33 
Lewis  Samuel  Frederick  Jr.  '41 
Benjamin  Allen  Frye  Jr.  '45 
Theodore  Douglas  Gaetz  '  44 
Robert  Pope  Garrett  '41 


Miles  Alderman  Gayle  '39 
Frank  Hight  Gerard  '40 
Frank  Thomas  Gerard  '38 
Waitman  Camden  Given  Jr.  '42 
Alvin  Jack  Goldberg  '35 
Philip  M.  Grandjean  '40 
Ernest  Richardson  Gray  Jr.  '45 
William  Nathaniel  Green  '43 
William  W.  Green  Jr.     M.D.  '44 
Walter  L.  Griffith  '44 
William  Henry  Grimes  Jr.  '42 
Richard  Sheldon  Griswold  '46 
Ray  McDonald  Guthrie  '46 
John  Gaunt  Hammell  '40 
Bruce  Raymo  Handeyside  '40 
Oscar  Charles  Hank  Jr.  '40 
Lee  Morris  Happ  Jr.  '42 
Edward  T.  Harrison  '20 
George  Brown  Hatcher  '29 
John  Robert  Herdic  '43 
Gayle  Louis  Hermann  '37 
Robert  Edward  Hessler  '43 
Robert  Patrick  Hewitt  '41 
Donald  Wilton  Hill  '46 
David  Ellsworth  Himadi  '40 
Richard  Caplan  Himelright  '43 
James  Peyton  Hinton  III  '38 
Thomas  Edward  Hinton  Jr.  '46 
John  Ward  Hodges  Jr.  '46 
Avery  G.  Holmes  '15 
William  Clayton  Honaker  '41 
Alfred  Aaron  Hoover  '43 
John  William  Hulme  Jr.  '36 
Merwin  William  Jacobson  Jr.  '43 
Barron  Johns  Jr.  '43 
Charles  Edward  Johnson  '44 
Edward  Harold  Johnson  Jr.  '39 
Franklin  Rader  Johnson  '43 
Frederick  Fones  Johntz  '37 
William  Arlington  Kelley  Jr.  '35 
John  Joseph  Keniery  '45 
Harold  Arthur  Kepnes  '34 
John  Franklin  Kincaid  M'42 
Nelson  Kindlund  '42 


Preston  Randolph  King  '42 
Sam  Snider  Kinton  '44 
Malcolm  Murray  Knickerbocker  '45 
William  Lippicott  Knowles  '33 
Leonard  Aaron  Kornblau  '43 
William  Robert  Lamb  '45 
Norman  Richard  Lawler  '44 
Harrold  McKnight  Leazer  '40 
Arthur  Carl  Lee  Jr.  '36 
Bernard  Moore  Lester  '45 
John  Kenneth  Lewis  '35 
Cooper  C.  Lightbown  Jr.  '35 
Morrison  Lee  Linker  '46 
Gilbert  Fabian  Long  Jr.  '41 
Harold  John  Love  '42 
Donald  Melvin  Lurie  '45 
David  Lafayette  Lynch  Jr.  '43 
John  Raymond  McCrary  Jr.  '36 
Charles  Bernard  McDade  '45 
Richard  Watson  MacDonald  '39 
Kenneth  D.  McDougall  '31 
Brooke  McElwrath  '37 
John  Benjamin  McFalls  '38 
Charles  Victor  McHenry  '43 
Frank  Bacon  McNulty  Jr.  '43 
Michael  George  H.  McPharlin  '36 
Frederick  Daniel  Manget  '42 
Edward  W.L.  Manifold  Jr.  '37 
Charles  Robert  Marshall  '46 
William  Howard  Mathis  Jr.  '45 
Samuel  Edwin  Mattox  '33 
Jefferson  Woodrow  Maultsby  '42 
Jack  Edward  Mears  '45 
John  Bernard  Meixner  '44 
Chester  Stanley  Merrill  Jr.  '45 
Donald  Candee  Merril  '42 
Frank  Lane  Miller '46 
Thomas  Dale  Miller  III  BSME  '43 
Stewart  Lea  Mims  Jr.  '38 
Wallace  Oher  Moehring  '40 
Charles  Edward  Moroe  '40 
James  Bulger  Mool  G  '40 
Kenneth  James  Murphy  '43 
Hugh  Kennedy  Myers  '41 
Ralph  Bernard  Myers  '45 
Roger  Americo  Nanni  '44 
Robert  George  Neal  '45 
Charles  Franklin  Nelson  '45 
James  William  O'Neil  '42 
Ernest  G.  Overton  '25,  B.D.  '42 
George  William  Patterson  Jr.  '44 
Robert  Roy  Pattillo  Jr.  '39 
John  Wesley  Perry  '43 
Thomas  Perry  '40 
Lloyd  Julian  Pierce  '43 
David  W.  Pinkerton  '40 
Edward  Russell  Poerner  '39 
Lloyd  Christian  Poole  Jr.  '46 
Hugh  Williamson  Prince  Jr.  '42 
Warren  Howard  Rahmstorf  '43 
John  Joseph  Rearing  '39 
Thomas  Read  '43 
Alphonzo  Haskell  Rhet  '44 
Marvin  Luther  Rhyne  '35 
Edward  George  Riley  '43 
Frank  Fowler  Roberts  '44 
Allan  Scott  Rogers  '45 
Benjamin  W.  Rogers  Jr.  '42 
Russell  Albert  Rose  Jr.  '45 
William  J.  Rowe  '23 
Roney  Rowland  '28 
Beverly  S.  Royster  Jr.  L'44 
David  Osmond  Ryon  '41 
William  Albert  Sally  '40 
Edward  Kenneth  Schlear  '40 
George  Herbert  Scholl  Jr.  '46 
Allen  Lang  Seaman  '39 
Elizabeth  Irene  Seay  G  '40 
Robert  E.  Seibels  Jr.  M  '43 
Joseph  Knight  Selser  '37 
William  Evans  Senhauser  '42 
Revel  Edwin  Sherwood  II  '36 
Albert  Leon  Sikkenga  Jr.  '42 


Don  Phillip  Simester  '43 
Carroll  D.  Simmons  '42 
Clarence  F.  Simmons  Jr.  '40 
Aubrey  Lee  Simpson  Jr.  '40 
Joe  Glenn  Simpson  '42 
Hambleton  Slingluff  Jr.  '37 
Allen  Taylor  Smith  '17 
Gerrit  Curtis  Smith  '41 
Jack  Weller  Smith  '42 
Randolph  Heywood  Smith  '39 
Thomas  W.  Smith  '30 
William  Vincent  Smith  '46 
George  K.  Snyder  '40 
Paul  Adams  Sommers  '40 
Floyd  Benton  Souders  Jr.  '40 
William  Rittenhouse  Speirs  '45 
John  Franklin  Spivey  '36 
Charles  Melvin  Stata  '41 
John  Hastings  Stillman  '35 
James  Byron  Stoner  L  '39 
William  White  Stout  Jr.  '43 
James  Henry  Stow  '42 
Frederick  Paul  Strickland  '40 
Ellis  Garland  Sutherland  '45 
Edgar  Allen  Swann  D  '38 
David  Horace  Thorn  '42 
Zado  W.  Thornburg  '31 
Morris  Schuman  Trauer  Jr.  '46 
James  Trimble  III  '45 
Henry  Granthum  Turner  Jr.  '45 
Robert  Frederick  Varney  '44 
Thurman  G.  Vickers  '11 
John  Lester  Voehringer  '43 
Victor  Leon  Voegel  '41 
Robert  Bruce  Ward  '39 
Henry  James  Warke  '42 
Lemuel  Edgar  Watson  Jr.  '25 
E.  Charles  Wayland  M  '46 
Edwin  Granger  Weld  '46 
Thomas  Harvey  Wells  '46 
Herman  Godfrey  Wenzel  Jr.  '36 
Seth  Warner  Whitaker  '46 
Samuel  Leon  Whitlow  '44 
Marvin  Jones  Wiggins  '43 


i  Willi; 


'37 


John  Hibbard  Wilmont  '39 
Henry  Merrymen  Wilson  '39 
Paul  Denton  Winston  Jr.  '42 
Bill  Dietrich  Witschen  '43 
Clarence  Edward  Wunder  Jr.  '37 
Thomas  Woodrow  Yarborough  '35 


KOREA 


WAR' 


VIETNAM     WAR* 

Charles  Jerome  Huneycutt,  Jr.  '65 
Charles  G.  Mason  '64 

GULF     WAR* 

IRAQ     WAR* 

Matthew  Devin  Lynch  '01 
James  John  Regan  02 

ACTIVE      DUTY' 

Charles  L.  Bick  '80 

Harry  L.  Blackburn,  Jr.  E  '58 

Richard  Green  Brantley,  Jr.  E  '87 

Leonard  F.  Chapman  III  '64 

Jacob  Dixon  III  78 

Steve  A.  Fris  E  '76 

David  Earl  Hunt  Div  '84 

Stephen  S.  King  '77 

Jason  Scott  Manse  '97 

Ernest  M.  Reagan,  Jr.  Div.  '54 

Rosemarie  Hope  Reid  '88 

John  C.  Scull  E'69 

Alan  Otis  Shealy  '82 

George  Steve  Yanek,  Jr.  E  '74 


Communications  Commission  (FCC), 
was  worried  that  the  citizens  of  the  Pa- 
cific Northwest  were  going  to  storm 
the  podium  where  he  was  standing,  his  face 
never  betrayed  it. 

It  was  November  2007.  The  FCC  was  hold- 
ing the  last  of  six  hearings,  in  Seattle,  about 
whether  to  loosen  restrictions  on  media 
consolidation,  established  during  the  Gerald 
Ford  administration.  Martin  M.P.P.  '93,  a 
Republican,  wanted  to  make  it  easier  for  a 
single  company  to  own  both  a  daily  news- 
paper and  a  TV  or  radio  station  in  the  same 
market.  "Cross-ownership,"  he  believed, 
would  boost  the  revenues  of  dying  newspa- 
pers while  acknowledging  that  consumers 
today  have  numerous  options  for  learning 
about  current  events. 

This  is  not  a  popular  position.  Politicians 
from  both  parties — along  with  media  watch- 
dogs, the  public,  and  the  two  Democrats  on 
the  five-member  FCC — insist  there's  al- 
ready too  much  consolidation.  The  owner- 
ship of  newspapers  and  broadcast  stations 
by  out-of-town  conglomerates,  they  say,  has 
led  to  thinner  news  coverage,  less  access  for 
local  artists,  and  fewer  opportunities  for 
female  and  minority  ownership.  "American 
distrust  of  the  concentration  of  power  is  as 
old  as  our  nation  itself,"  Democratic  com- 
missioner Jonathan  Adelstein  said  at  one 
meeting. 

What's  more,  during  Congressional  hear- 
ings at  the  time,  Senator  Byron  Dorgan  (D- 
N.D.)  and  then-Senator  Trent  Lott  (R-Miss.) 
were  accusing  Martin  of  rushing  the  consol- 
idation vote.  So  were  advocacy  groups  that 
oppose  media  mergers.  The  public's  anger 
came  to  a  head  at  the  Seattle  hearing,  which 
was  called  by  the  FCC  on  only  a  week's 
notice  but  nonetheless  attracted  hundreds 
of  people  from  Washington,  Oregon,  Idaho, 
and  Montana. 

"You're  asking,  why  the  rush,  and  why  no 
notice?"  Martin  said  to  the  audience,  his 
voice  carefully  modulated.  "Throughout  the 
process,  I've  been  as  transparent  as  I  could 
be."  The  room  erupted  in  boos. 

"Sit  down!"  one  woman  shouted. 

"No,  I'm  not  quite  done,"  Martin  said 


quietly,  holding  up  a  hand  to  shush  the 
crowd.  "I'll  sit  down  in  a  second,  and  you'll 
have  your  chance  tonight." 

Then  he  did  sit  down — and  for  more  than 
nine  hours,  listened  as  speaker  after  speaker 
pleaded  with  the  commissioners  not  to 
relax  the  ownership  restrictions.  "I'm  a  Re- 
publican, and  I'm  a  capitalist,  but  some  areas 
of  a  private  sector  must  be  regulated,"  testi- 
fied King  County  Councilmember  Reagan 
Dunn.  "Why  would  we  want  to  implement 
policies  that  could  limit  the  diversity  of  our 
media?" 

Adelstein,  the  Democratic  commissioner, 
warned  the  audience  that  the  meeting  might 
ultimately  prove  a  charade.  "If  you  see  a  pro- 
posal for  more  consolidation  made  quickly 
after  this  final  hearing,"  he  said,  "you'll 
know  your  input  was  dismissed." 

Indeed,  the  next  business  day,  Martin 
rolled  out  his  proposal  allowing  newspaper 
companies  in  the  twenty  largest  markets  to 
buy  broadcast  stations  in  those  same  lo- 
cales, as  long  as  they  meet  certain  condi- 
tions. Newspapers  in  smaller  cities  could  do 
the  same  if  they  could  prove  the  public 
would  benefit. 

"It's  no  secret  the  newspaper  industry  is 
struggling,"  Martin  explains  today,  noting 
that  Americans  are  turning  to  the  Internet 
and  cable  TV  for  their  information.  He  says 
he  believes  the  1975  cross-ownership  ban 
has  become  archaic  in  this  new  media  envi- 
ronment, and  he  calls  his  own  solution  "a 
very  modest  step  forward  to  try  to  find  the 
right  balance  allowing  for  some  relief  but 
still  protecting  the  diversity  of  informa- 
tion." Martin's  measure  passed  3  to  2  along 
party  lines. 

Democrats  steamed.  "Today's  decision 
would  make  George  Orwell  proud,"  said 
commissioner  Michael  Copps.  "We  claim 
to  be  giving  the  news  industry  a  shot  in  the 
arm,  but  the  real  effect  is  to  reduce  total 
news  gathering."  Critics  wondered  if  Martin 
had  even  listened  to  his  opponents.  "When 
it  got  down  to  the  end,  he  aggressively 
rammed  through  his  final  solution,"  says 
Andrew  Jay  Schwartzman,  president  of  the 
Media  Access  Project,  a  public-interest  law 
firm.  The  rule  is  now  tied  up  in  court. 

It  wasn't  the  first  time  the  forty-two-year- 
old  Martin  would  face  harsh  words.  During 


his  seven  years  as  a  commissioner,  including 
almost  four  as  chair,  he's  tackled  issues  as 
controversial  as  when  to  allow  expletives 
on  broadcast  television  and  how  much  to 
rein  in  cable  companies.  He's  made  no  per- 
manent allies:  Sometimes  he's  a  free  mar- 
keter; other  times,  a  regulator.  He  has  formed 
3  to  2  voting  blocs  with  members  of  both 
parties. 

He  has  been  investigated  by  the  House 
Committee  on  Energy  and  Commerce,  whose 
Democratic  staff  concluded  in  December 
that  "important  Commission  matters  have 
not  been  handled  in  an  open  and  transpar- 
ent manner."  Martin  insists  the  FCC  under 
his  leadership,  which  will  end  when  incom- 
ing President  Barack  Obama  names  a  suc- 
cessor, has  been  more  inclusive,  and  more 
deliberative,  than  duty  requires. 

"I've  been  yelled  at  by  Republican  and 
Democratic  congressmen  alike,"  Martin  says. 
It's  hard  to  listen  to  such  pointed  criticism, 
he  acknowledges.  "But  what  I  think  is  im- 
portant, when  you're  in  a  position  like  this, 
is  that  you  try  to  make  a  policy  decision 
based  upon  the  facts." 


IT. 


artin  was  nominated  to  the 


the  FCC  by  President  George  W. 
Bush  in  2001.  By  then,  his  boyish 
face — which  inevitably  evokes 
comparisons  to  Harry  Potter — was  well- 
known  in  the  White  House. 

A  native  of  Waxhaw,  North  Carolina, 
Martin  had  gotten  his  political  start  early — 
winning  the  student-body  presidency  at  the 
University  of  North  Carolina  at  Chapel  Hill 
on  such  bread-and-butter  issues  as  parking. 
After  earning  a  master's  degree  at  Duke's 
Terry  Sanford  Institute  of  Public  Policy  and 
a  law  degree  at  Harvard  University,  Martin 
clerked  for  a  federal  judge  in  Miami  before 
heading  to  Washington.  There  he  found 
work  as  a  telecommunications  lawyer,  first 
with  a  corporate  law  firm  and  later  as  an 
FCC  staffer.  It  was  a  time  of  sweeping 
changes  in  the  communications  world:  Not 
only  were  cell  phones  and  the  Internet  tak- 


40 


www.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


Exoletive  Deleter 


Ji 


■ir-   — 


ill' 


As  head  of  ti  fcc,  alumnus  Kevin  Martin 

has  tackled  issues  as  controversial  as  when  to  allow  dirty  words  on 
television  and  how  much  to  rein  in  cable  companies.  But  even  though  he 

figs  embraced  Republican  orthodoxy  when  it  comes  to  indecency  and 
media  consolidation,  FCC  watchers  have  been  fascinated  by  the  frequency 
With  WhiCh  he  bUCkS  hiS  OWn  party.    By  Barry  Yeoman 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     January-February  2009         41 


SAY  WHAT?! 


Here  are  five  of  the  highest-profil 

television  shows  that  have  upset 

the  FCC  enough  to  spark  enforcement  actions  during  Kevin  Martin's  tenure 

as  chair.  Each  of  the  episodes  in  question  aired  between  2002  and  2004— 

it  takes  the  commission  years  to  adjudicate  indecency  complaints. 

NYPD  Blue 

The  FCC  objected  to  a  scene  in  which  a  woman,  facing  away  from  the  camera,  removed  a  robe  before  stepping  into  the 
shower.  A  small  boy  walked  into  the  bathroom,  saw  her  naked,  then  backed  out  in  embarrassment  and  closed  the  door. 
The  commission  levied  fines  against  fifty-two  ABC  stations  totaling  $1.43  million. 

"The  scene  in  question  revolves  around  the  woman's  nudity  and  includes  several  shots  of  her  naked  buttocks," 
according  to  the  commission.  "The  material  is  thus  dwelled  upon  and  repeated."  ABC  paid  the  fines  and  has  filed  a 
challenge  in  federal  court. 

Other  episodes  of  the  police  drama  were  declared  indecent  for  using  the  word  "bullsh-."  The  FCC  did  not  propose 
fines  in  these  cases,  noting  that  it  had  toughened  its  policy  since  the  episodes  first  aired. 

Without  a  Trace 

The  "Our  Sons  and  Daughters"  episode  told  the  fictional  story  of  a  young  woman's  disappearance  and  the  FBI  investigation 
that  ensued.  During  a  witness  interrogation,  a  flashback  scene  depicted  an  orgy.  "Although  the  scene  contains  no  nudity," 
the  FCC  said,  "it  does  depict  male  and  female  teenagers  in  various  stages  of  undress.  The  scene  also  includes  at  least  three 
shots  depicting  intercourse."  The  commission  proposed  $3.6  million  in  fines,  then  settled  with  CBS  for  $300,000. 

Married  By  America 

The  Fox  reality  show  featured  scenes  from  bachelor  and  bachelorette  parties  where  strippers  performed  various  suggestive  acts. 
A  male  stripper  licked  whipped  cream  off  a  woman's  leg.  A  groom-to-be  knelt  on  all  fours  and  received  a  spanking  from 
a  female  stripper  whose  breasts  had  been  pixilated.  "The  scenes  in  question  were  imbued  throughout  with  highly 
charged  sexual  content,"  the  FCC  declared,  levying  fines  against  thirteen  stations  totaling  $91,000.  The  case  is  under  appeal. 


ing  off,  but  in  1996,  Congress  passed  its  first 
overhaul  of  federal  telecom  law  in  more 
than  six  decades. 

Martin  took  a  leave  in  2000  to  campaign 
for  Bush,  with  whom  he  found  common 
ground  on  some  key  economic  principles. 
"In  general,  competition  in  the  marketplace 
is  the  means  of  delivering  lower  prices  for 
consumers  and  driving  innovation,"  he  says. 
"That's  not  the  same  thing  as  a  complete 
libertarian  approach.  I  believe  that  govern- 
ment does  have  a  role  to  play,  a  critical  role, 
in  making  sure  the  rules  of  the  road  are  set 
up  so  that  you  can  have  fair  competition." 
Martin  believed  that  Bush's  "compassionate 
conservatism"  echoed  his  own  belief  in  a 
hands-on  government.  At  Duke,  Martin  had 
written  his  master's  thesis  on  high-stakes 
educational  testing,  which  both  he  and  Bush 
support.  Martin  appreciated  how,  as  Texas 
governor,  Bush  favored  "setting  high  stan- 
dards, but  then  providing  resources  to  schools 
so  they  could  meet  those  standards." 

After  the  election,  with  its  butterfly-bal- 
lot debacle,  Martin  joined  the  battery  of 
Republican  lawyers  dispatched  to  Florida  to 
help  claim  the  state's  twenty-five  electoral 
votes.  Then,  with  Bush's  victory  secure,  he 


Billboard  Music  Awards 

While  accepting  an  award  in  2002,  Cher 
used  the  F-word  to  tell  her  critics  to  take  a  hike.  The  following  year,  Simple  Life  actress  Nicole  Richie  said,  "Have  you  ever 
tried  to  get  cow  sh-  out  of  a  Prada  purse?  It's  not  so  f — ing  simple."  The  FCC  insisted  that,  no  matter  how  it's  used,  the 
F-word  "inherently  describes  sexual  activity."  Though  the  commission  did  not  fine  Fox  and  its  stations,  it  sent  out  a  warn- 
ing that  unscripted  expletives,  broadcast  live,  could  lead  to  penalties  in  the  future. 

The  Early  Show 

During  an  early-morning  interview,  Twila  Tanner  of  CBS's  Survivor:  Vanuatu  described  a  fellow  contestant  as  a  "bullsh— 
er."  No  other  objectionable  words  were  used.  Still,  the  FCC  said,  "Because  the  interview  dealt  with  the  outcome  of  one  of 
the  most  popular  prime-time  shows  on  broadcast  television  among  children,  it  is  foreseeable  that  young  children  not 
only  would  be  in  the  audience  at  that  time  of  day,  but  also  that  they  would  be  attentive  listeners  to  the  interview  with  Ms. 
Tanner."  The  agency  did  not  issue  a  fine,  acknowledging  that  it  had  toughened  its  policy  after  the  interview  aired. 


—Barry) 


Broadcasters  beware:  Coarse  profanity  and 
explicit  nudity  prompt  FCC  rebukes. 

spent  six  months  helping  the  new  adminis- 
tration form  its  technology  policy. 

Martin  came  to  the  FCC  hoping  to  ex- 
pand Americans'  electronic  access.  "We 
have  a  long  tradition  of  making  sure  that 
everyone's  connected  and  able  to  take  ad- 
vantage of  the  communications  network," 
he  says.  "How  do  we  bring  that  network 
into  the  twenty-first  century,  so  that  we're 
not  talking  about  voice-grade  connections 
but  broadband  connections?" 


,'vv.  duke  magazine,  duke.edu 


"The  media  can  have  a  real  impact  on  children," Mart™ 

"Now,  parents  certainly  are 
the  first  line  of  defense.  But 
M^^€    ^V    r"  I  I  think  that  you've  got  to  give 

-    ^^*W  J^    L;^^fl^4         I  them  additional  help  in 

today's  media  environment." 


with  the  results.  Since  the  auction,  he  says, 
companies  other  than  Verizon  have  moved 
aggressively  toward  open  access — in  part, 
he  believes,  because  of  the  FCC's  lead.  "Be- 
fore we  put  that  rule  in  place,  the  wireless 
industry  was  opposed,"  he  says.  "They  actu- 
ally used  to  say  it  was  technologically 
impossible.  Now  they've  changed  course." 


Some  of  Martin's  initiatives  in  this  area 
have  received  little  attention.  For  example, 
when  the  nation's  television  stations  move 
from  analog  to  digital  broadcasting  in  Feb- 
ruary, they'll  leave  behind  an  empty  band  of 
airwaves  called  the  700-megahertz  spectrum. 
In  2008,  the  FCC  auctioned  off  chunks  of  the 
spectrum  to  wireless  companies,  bringing  in 
almost  $20  billion  for  the  U.S.  treasury.  The 
700-megahertz  spectrum  is  considered  prime 
property:  Signals  at  those  frequencies  travel 
long  distances,  easily  penetrating  walls  and 
tree  canopies.  "These  airwaves  are  going  to 
be  the  building  blocks  for  companies  to  cre- 
ate the  next  generation  of  wireless  broad- 
band services,"  Martin  says. 

In  an  unprecedented  move,  Martin  in- 
sisted that  one  block  of  the  spectrum  be  sold 
with  two  restrictions.  First,  the  winning  bid- 
ders (the  biggest  of  which  was  Verizon)  must 
allow  their  customers  to  use  the  handsets  of 
their  choosing.  "Right  now,  it's  difficult  for 
consumers  to  switch  from  one  provider  to 
another,  because  there's  a  requirement  that 
you  buy  a  new  phone,"  says  Leslie  Marx  '89, 
an  associate  professor  of  economics  at  Duke's 
Fuqua  School  of  Business  and  the  FCC's 
chief  economist  from  2005  to  2006.  "The 
idea  was  that  this  restriction  would  help  re- 


Please  adjust  your  set:  Martin  faces  reporters 
after  November  press  conference  on  mandatory 
transition  to  digital  television. 

duce  switching  costs  and  promote  a  more 
competitive  market." 

Second,  clients  must  be  allowed  to  use 
whatever  software  applications  they  want. 
For  example,  Verizon  must  let  customers  use 
Skype  to  make  cheap  international  calls. 

Martin's  open-access  requirement  drew 
sharp  criticism  from  Republican  commis- 
sioner Robert  McDowell  '85.  Though  Mar- 
tin and  McDowell  hail  from  the  same  party 
— and  the  same  alma  mater — the  two  have 
clashed  on  some  key  issues  involving  busi- 
ness regulation.  McDowell,  a  former  tele- 
communications lobbyist,  often  advocates 
for  a  more  hands-orf  approach  from  the  gov- 
ernment. 

In  the  case  of  the  spectrum,  McDowell 
says,  the  free  market  was  already  moving  in 
the  right  direction.  "For  a  couple  of  years, 
the  industry  had  been  sinking  a  lot  of 
money  into  research  and  development  of 
how  to  have  more  open  devices,"  he  says. 
"My  concern  was,  Let's  be  careful  of  the 
unintended  consequences  of  a  mandate  like 
this."  McDowell  feels  vindicated,  he  says, 
by  what  happened  in  the  auction:  The 
smaller,  less  regulated  parts  of  the  spectrum 
became  so  attractive  to  large  carriers  that  "a 
lot  of  smaller  companies  were  driven  out." 

Nonetheless,  Martin  says  he's  pleased 


'& 


artin  has  received  consid- 


erably  more  attention  for  his  cam- 
paign to  rid  the  airwaves  of  what 
the  law  calls  indecency.  Under  his 
leadership,  the  FCC  has  taken  its  toughest 
stance  ever  against  suggestive  images  and 
four-letter  words.  A  father  himself,  Martin 
says  he  worries  not  just  about  sex  and  pro- 
fanity on  television,  but  also  about  violence 
and  junk-food  advertising,  over  which  the 
FCC  has  less  control.  His  own  sons,  three- 
year-old  Luke  and  one-and-a-half-year-old 
Will,  watch  little  television.  Instead,  Mar- 
tin and  his  wife,  former  White  House  aide 
Catherine  Martin,  carefully  choose  DVDs 
from  the  library,  along  with  video-on-de- 
mand programming.  They're  partial  to  Dis- 
ney classics  and  children's  shows  on  PBS. 

Characteristically,  Martin  discusses  the 
indecency  issue  cerebrally — without  the 
rhetorical  fire  of  many  like-minded  crusa- 
ders. "The  media  can  have  a  real  impact  on 
children,"  he  says.  "Now,  parents  certainly 
are  the  first  line  of  defense.  But  I  think  that 
you've  got  to  give  them  additional  help  in 
today's  media  environment."  This  position 
has  made  Martin  a  hero  to  social  conserva- 
tives. "The  broadcasters  have  declared  war," 
says  Phil  Burress,  an  anti-pornography  and 
anti-gay-marriage  activist  who  heads  the 
Ohio-based  Citizens  for  Community  Values. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     January-February  2009 


As  FCC  chair,  his  biggest  battle  with  a  cable  giant  has  not  been  over  its  television  programming 
rf    but  rather  over  its  Intpmpt  SPrVICG 


"Kevin  Martin  is  the  general  on  the  side  of 
the  parents." 

The  commission's  most  famous  case,  ini- 
tiated before  Martin  took  the  gavel,  in- 
volved the  "wardrobe  malfunction"  that  ex- 
posed Janet  Jackson's  right  breast  for  nine- 
sixteenths  of  a  second  during  the  2004  Su- 
per Bowl  halftime  show.  After  Martin  be- 
came chair,  the  FCC  approved  a  $550,000 
fine  against  CBS,  noting  that  the  live  broad- 
cast contained  songs  with  erotic  lyrics  and  a 
"highly  sexualized  performance"  by  Jackson 
and  Justin  Timberlake.  Last  July,  a  federal 
court  in  Philadelphia  vacated  the  penalty, 
sending  the  matter  back  to  the  FCC.  In  No- 
vember, the  commission  appealed  the  rul- 
ing to  the  U.S.  Supreme  Court,  which  has 
yet  to  grant  or  deny  a  hearing. 

The  Janet  Jackson  case  was  emblematic  of 
Martin's  get-tough  stance — not  just  on  sexual 
images  but  also  on  verbal  indecency.  With 
his  encouragement,  the  FCC  strengthened  its 
position  against  fleeting,  unscripted  exple- 
tives, and  turned  its  sights  on  acclaimed  TV 
shows  like  NYPD  Blue.  (Though  the  police 
show  went  off  the  air  in  2005,  the  agency 
takes  years  to  resolve  indecency  complaints.) 

Before  Martin  became  chair,  the  commis- 
sion acted  with  restraint,  focusing  mostly 
on  shock  radio,  says  a  legal  brief  filed  by 
seven  former  FCC  officials,  including  Rea- 
gan-era chair  Mark  Fowler  and  Kennedy- 
era  chair  Newton  Minow.  Now,  they  write, 
the  agency  "has  embarked  on  an  enforce- 
ment program  that  has  all  the  earmarks  of  a 
Victorian  crusade."  In  one  case,  the  agency 
proposed  a  $15,000  fine  against  a  San  Ma- 
teo, California,  television  station  for  airing 
the  PBS  documentary  The  Blues:  Godfathers 
and  Sons,  which  explores  the  relationship 
between  traditional  bluesmen  and  modern- 
day  hip-hop  artists.  Several  of  the  musi- 
cians, along  with  a  former  record  producer, 
swear  during  the  documentary.  A  song  title 
depicting  a  sexual  act  also  flashes  on  the 
screen.  The  final  resolution  of  the  case  is 
still  pending. 

Martin  says  the  problem  is  not  just  what  is 
broadcast,  but  also  when.  Stations  have  more 
leeway  to  air  racy  material  after  10  p.m., 
when  children  are  presumed  to  be  asleep.  "It's 
not  that  things  that  are  targeted  towards 
adults  can't  be  still  explored,"  he  says.  "They 
just  need  to  be  shown  during  later  hours." 
In  the  case  of  The  Blues,  Martin  says  the 
California  station  erred  by  broadcasting  the 


documentary  before  10  p.m.  without  issuing 
a  language  warning. 

Still,  critics  say  Martin  has  gone  too  far. 
"I  don't  think  he  quite  respects  where  govern- 
ment is  interfering  with  freedom  of  speech," 
says  former  FCC  attorney  Barbara  Esbin  J.D. 
'82,  a  senior  fellow  at  the  libertarian-lean- 
ing Progress  &  Freedom  Foundation.  "You 
just  scratch  your  head  and  cannot  believe 
this  content  is  being  the  subject  of  fines." 

Fowler  and  Minow,  in  their  brief,  worry 
that  Martin's  indecency  campaign  "will 
chill  the  production  of  all  but  the  blandest" 
programming.  There's  evidence  this  is  hap- 
pening already.  A  Vermont  public  radio  sta- 
tion refused  to  carry  a  Senate  debate  be- 
cause one  candidate  had  a  history  of  cursing 
in  public.  Some  stations  aired  a  sanitized 
version  of  Ken  Burns'  World  War  II  docu- 
mentary, The  War.  Colorado's  public  televi- 
sion network  pulled  a  documentary  about 
Marie  Antoinette  that  contained  200-year- 
old  pencil  drawings  of  the  queen  in  flagrante 
delicto. 

In  2007,  in  a  case  filed  by  Fox,  a  federal 
court  in  New  York  ruled  that  the  "FCC's  new 
policy  sanctioning  'fleeting  expletives'  is 
arbitrary  and  capricious"  because  the  agency 
failed  "to  articulate  a  reasoned  basis."  In  re- 
sponse, Martin  issued  an  eyebrow-raising 
statement  that,  if  read  on  television,  would 
have  merited  a  significant  fine  from  his  own 
commission.  (The  statement  could  not  be 
reprinted  here,  either.  To  read  it,  go  to  www. 
dukemagazine.duke.edu.)  If  the  FCC  can- 
not restrict  offensive  words  during  prime 
time,  Martin  warned  in  the  statement,  "Hol- 
lywood will  be  able  to  say  anything  they 
want,  whenever  they  want."  He  also  used 
the  occasion  to  champion  the  right  of  con- 
sumers to  choose  cable  channels  d  la  carte 
rather  than  in  bundles,  a  goal  of  many  social 
conservatives  who  don't  want  to  be  forced 
to  purchase,  say,  MTV. 

The  FCC  appealed  the  case  to  the  U.S. 
Supreme  Court,  which  heard  oral  arguments 
this  past  Election  Day.  The  high  court  has 
not  yet  ruled. 


liWWiluP 

Republican  orthodoxy  when  it  comes 
to  indecency  and  media  consolida- 
tion, what  fascinates  FCC  watchers 
is  how  often  he  bucks  his  own  party.  "He 
has  not  been  a  down-the-line  conservative 
by  traditional  standards,"  says  Schwartzman 
of  the  Media  Access  Project. 

The  best  example  is  Martin's  aggressive 
approach  toward  the  cable  industry.  He  has 
worked  to  slash  the  rates  independent  video 
programmers  pay  cable  operators;  limit  how 
many  households  any  one  company  can 
serve;  and  require  cable  firms  with  their  own 
programming  (HBO,  for  example,  which  is 
owned  by  Time  Warner)  to  make  that  pro- 
gramming more  available  to  satellite  com- 
panies. 

Martin  says  his  goal  is  to  curb  the  industry's 
unchecked  financial  power.  "Cable  prices 
have  doubled  at  the  same  time  as  every  other 
communication  sector's  prices  have  de- 
clined," he  says. 

As  FCC  chair,  his  biggest  battle  with  a 
cable  giant,  though,  has  not  been  over  its 
television  programming  but  rather  over  its 
Internet  service. 

In  2007,  watchdog  groups  charged,  and 
Martin  agreed,  that  Comcast  was  jamming 
the  service  of  its  Internet  customers  who 
used  file-sharing  programs  like  BitTorrent 
that  allow  them  to  transfer  information  from 
one  computer  to  another.  Though  these 
programs  are  sometimes  misused  to  share 
copyrighted  materials,  they  are  also  legiti- 
mately used  to  distribute  videos,  music,  and 
software.  Known  as  "peer-to-peer  applica- 
tions," they  sometimes  hog  bandwidth,  slow- 
ing down  others  online. 

According  to  the  groups  Free  Press  and 
Public  Knowledge — and  later  the  FCC — 
Comcast  would  single  out  customers  who 
were  using  peer-to-peer  applications  to  up- 
load files.  The  company  would  then  abort 
those  customers'  connections.  Both  parties 
would  receive  forged  messages  blaming  the 
other  for  the  interruption — when  it  fact  the 
culprit  was  Comcast.  "Its  tactics  are  precise- 
ly those  used  by  Internet  censorship  systems 
in  China,"  said  the  groups'  formal  com- 
plaint to  the  FCC.  Critics  smelled  a  motive: 
As  a  cable  company,  Comcast  has  a  finan- 


44 


iukemagazine.duke.edu 


^■lil1IM!ll£9^HBHHI 

he  Duke-FCC  pipeline  extends  well  beyond 

chair  Kevin  Martin  M.P.P.  '93  and  commissioner 

v'j                           ^r     L^H 

Robert  McDowell  '85.  It  includes  the  commis- 

J        1  ^  pXJI 

sion's  last  three  chief  economists:  Michelle 

Connolly,  an  associate  professor  of  economics  at  Duke, 

^B       x  M        M^^^ 

now  on  her  second  stint  at  the  FCC;  Gregory  Crawford, 

a  former  assistant  professor  of  economics  who  now 

teaches  at  the  University  of  Arizona;  and  Leslie  Marx 

'89,  an  associate  professor  of  economics  at  the  Fuqua 

School  of  Business. 

Other  alumni  with  FCC  connections  include: 

•  Maureen  McLaughlin  J.D.  '91,  current  chief  of  staff 

for  the  Office  of  Strategic  Planning  &  Policy  Analysis 

%                ^w  /  fl^l 

•  Catherine  Crutcher  Bohigian  '94,  former  adviser 

to  Martin  and  former  chief  of  the  Office  of  Strategic 

Planning  &  Policy  Analysis 

r^H  ^^B8| 

•  Donna  Coleman  Gregg  J.D.  74,  former  Media 

Bureau  chief 

•  Cristina  Chou  Pauze  '91 ,  McDowell's  former 

L.      4         t&l  1 

legal  adviser 

Rule -makers:  McDowell  and  fellow  alumni  at  FCC  have  different  views  on  Martin's  strategies. 

cial  interest  in  blocking  other  methods  of 
delivering  video. 

Comcast  says  it  was  simply  managing  con- 
gestion. "The  amount  of  Internet  traffic  has 
exploded,  and  one  of  the  drivers  of  that  ex- 
plosion has  been  peer-to-peer  applications," 
says  a  company  spokesperson.  "What  a  few 
users  are  doing  can  affect  the  consumer  ex- 
perience of  other  users." 

That's  not  how  Martin  saw  it.  One  of  the 
governing  principles  of  the  Internet  is  "net- 
work neutrality,"  he  notes:  Users  should  be 
able  to  use  any  application  they  want  to  ac- 
cess any  legal  content.  Companies  like  Com- 
cast can  make  sure  bandwidth  hogs  don't 
ruin  the  experience  for  everyone,  but  they 
can't  single  out  one  application  like  BitTor- 
rent.  Yet  Comcast  was  doing  precisely  that: 
penalizing  peer-to-peer  users,  even  those 
who  were  moving  relatively  small  files  dur- 
ing light-traffic  periods.  Moreover,  Martin 
says,  Comcast  was  acting  on  the  sly. 

"Listen,  they  were  hiding  it  from  their 
customers,"  Martin  says,  his  voice  unusually 
impassioned.  "A  hallmark  of  a  legitimate 
network-management  practice  should  be 
that  you're  willing  to  be  open  about  it.  Right? 
The  fact  they  were  lying  to  their  customers 
was  a  sure  indication  that  this  practice  was 
troubling."  Even  though  Comcast  and  Bit- 
Torrent  settled  their  dispute  privately,  this 
past  August,  the  FCC  ordered  Comcast  to 


change  its  practices  and  come  clean  about 
what  it  had  done  in  the  past. 

Martin  found  his  majority  by  aligning 
with  the  FCC's  two  Democrats.  Republican 
McDowell  forcefully  dissented,  arguing  that 
the  management  of  cyberspace  should  be 
left  to  engineers.  "The  Internet  is  the  ultimate 
wiki  environment,"  McDowell  says.  "We  all 
shape  and  share  how  the  Internet  works.  We 
want  to  keep  that  as  democratic,  small  'd,' 
as  possible,  and  not  concentrate  governance 
in  the  hands  of  sovereign  states."  McDowell 
accuses  the  majority  of  grandstanding  against 
Comcast.  "Unfortunately,"  he  says,  "I  think 
the  commission  was  headed  more  towards  a 
political  statement  than  following  the  law." 

But  consumer  advocates  applauded  Mar- 
tin, noting  that  his  stand  was  a  savvy  depar- 
ture from  the  White  House's  anti-regulatory 
bent.  "Kevin  Martin  is  an  extraordinarily 
smart  politician,"  says  Josh  Silver,  executive 
director  of  Free  Press.  "He  understood  that, 
amidst  the  least  popular  administration  in 
the  history  of  modern  poll-taking,  it  was 
critical  that  he  do  something  that  leaves  a 
legacy  that  he  could  stand  on — that  would 
show  that  he  indeed  is  a  steward  of  the  pub- 
lic interest." 


I» 


arack  Obama  s  e 


N  Kevin  Martin's  setback.  The  incom- 
)  J  ing  president  can  immediately  cre- 
*s  ate  a  Democratic  majority  on  the 
FCC  by  filling  the  seat  held  by  Republican 
Deborah  Taylor  Tate,  whose  term  expired  in 
December.  No  doubt  Obama  will  craft  a 
majority  that  shares  his  strong  opposition  to 
media  consolidation. 

Obama,  who  has  singled  out  Martin  for 
criticism  on  the  cross-ownership  issue,  will 
also  name  a  new  leader  of  the  FCC.  Tradi- 
tionally, the  chair  leaves  the  agency  entirely 
when  a  new  president  takes  office.  But  Mar- 
tin doesn't  have  to:  His  term  as  commis- 
sioner runs  for  two  more  years. 

Anticipating  Martin's  next  move  has  be- 
come a  Washington  parlor  game.  But  it's  a 
game  Martin  refuses  to  encourage.  "I  don't 
have  any  plans,"  he  says,  echoing  his  usual 
response  to  reporters.  "Listen,  the  chairman- 
ship is  at  the  discretion  of  the  president.  My 
term  runs  through  201 1.  Other  than  that,  I 
don't  have  any  comment."  ■ 

Yeoman  is  a  freelance  writer  whose  work 
appears  in  On  Earth,  AARP  The  Magazine, 
and  O,  The  Oprah  Magazine. 

FCC  chair  Kevin  Martin's  statements 

on  controversial  cases. 

www.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     January-February  2009         45 


Island 

PARADISE 

Pirates  are  pervasive  in  Beaufort, 
North  Carolina,  their  evil  essence 
committed  to  wax  mannequins  and 
cardboard  cutouts  at  the  North  Car- 
olina Maritime  Museum.  There  are  cannon- 
halls  and  other  artifacts  from  Blackbeard's 
presumed  flagship,  Queen  Anne's  Revenge,  re- 
covered at  Beaufort  Inlet.  There  are  squeez- 
able puff  bottles  that  produce  odors  familiar 
to  pirates,  such  as  the  sulfur  smell  of  gun- 
powder. And  there  are  placards  with  frag- 
ments of  pirate  lingo,  including  "Shiver  Me 
Timbers!" — a  term,  according  to  the  glos- 
sary- on  display,  meaning  "Goodness!" 

Right  across  the  street  from  the  museum, 
visitors  can  catch  a  harbor  tour  on  the  Wa- 
ter Bug,  a  captain's  launch  retired  from  the 
U.S.  Navy.  Today  "Captain  Bob,"  with  his 
seafarer's  sunglasses,  balding  head,  and  gray- 
ing beard,  has  on  deck  a  tourist  family  and 
an  apparently  unattached  dachshund.  Cap- 
tain Bob  explains  that  pirate  ships  (and 
some  German  U-boats)  plied  these  waters, 
that  Beaufort  is  the  twelfth-oldest  town  in 
America,  that  more  than  100  local  houses 
are  on  the  National  Register  of  Historic 
Places,  that  wild  horses  roam  nearby  Carrot 
Island  and  Shackleford  Banks,  and  that — 
somewhat  dubiously — a  Beaufort  native  in- 
vented crocs,  those  plastic  boat  shoes  that 
have  morphed  into  trendy  fashion  acces- 
sories. 

Then,  in  sun-dappled  waters  so  calm  that 
even  the  dachshund  is  undaunted  by  the 
modest  rocking,  Captain  Bob  powers  the . 
boat  on  a  path  alongside,  as  he  puts  it,  "the  ! 
world-famous  Duke  Marine  Lab." 

Captain  Bob  returns  his  passengers  to 
Front  Street,  where  they're  bound  to  see  a 
sign  pointing  out  that  the  area  long  has 
been  valued  by  marine  scientists  for  its  re- 
search potential.  U.S.  Army  surgeons  at 
nearby  Fort  Macon  published  articles  about 
marine  life  in  the  1870s.  At  the  end  of  the 
nineteenth  century,  the  federal  government 
chose  Beaufort  as  the  site  for  a  fisheries  lab- 
oratory, the  nation's  second  after  Woods 
Hole  in  Massachusetts.  Rachel  Carson,  the 


author  of  The  Edge  of  the  Sea  as  well  as  one 
of  the  literary  linchpins  of  the  environmen- 
tal movement,  Silent  Spring,  conducted  re- 
search in  Beaufort  in  her  later  years.  The  es- 
tuarine  sanctuary  across  from  the  Beaufort 
waterfront  is  named  in  her  memory.  And 
Duke  founded  its  marine  laboratory  on  Pi- 
vers  Island,  just  over  the  bridge  from  Beau- 
fort, in  1938. 

Today  the  Marine  Lab  exudes  an  intensity 
in  its  teaching  and  research,  even  as  it  shows 


a  more  modest  profile  than  Duke's  self-con- 
sciously splendid  main  campus.  The  research 
areas  have  wryly  worded  signs  like  "Beware 
of  Attack  Crab."  In  the  parking  lots,  the 
prevailing  bumper  sticker  reads,  "No  wet- 
lands, no  seafood."  In  the  dining  hall,  stu- 
dents consume  baked  cod  or  fried  shrimp — 
along  with  breakfast  grits — beneath  ban- 
ners from  landlocked  places  that,  over  the 
decades,  have  sent  their  students  to  study 
here:  Allegheny,  Albion,  Amherst,  Oberlin, 


,'\v. duke  magazine,  duke.edu 


t  *:<■         .  "U^ 


shows  a  more  modest  profile  than  Duke's  self-consciously  splendid  main  campus. 


Iowa  State.  This  past  fall  the  Marine  Lab 
fed — intellectually  and  otherwise — twenty- 
three  undergraduates,  the  same  number  in 
the  graduate  Coastal  Environmental  Man- 
agement program,  and  a  slightly  larger  num- 
ber of  Ph.D.  students. 

On  a  fall  weekday  evening  in  the  library, 
students,  in  their  typical  ways,  are  scratch- 
ing at  their  reading  with  highlighter  pens  or 
running  their  eyes  over  laptop  screens.  The 
books  around  them  have  marine-life-minded 


titles:  The  Spider  Crabs  of  America;  Medusae 
of  the  World;  Marine  Bio-Acoustics;  Pollution 
Impacts  on  Marine  Biotic  Communities;  Sea 
Microbes;  Clays,  Muds,  and  Shales. 

Just  beyond  the  library,  the  residential 
quad  is  formed  of  dorms  built  in  the  shin- 
gled cottage  style;  bathrooms  post  stern  warn- 
ings: "Do  not  put  sand  in  sink  or  showers." 
Outside,  amid  the  skateboarders  and  Frisbee 
flingers,  a  couple  of  students  are  operating 
on  a  bike's  flat  tire.  A  half-dozen  are  sprawled 


By  land  or  by  sea:  Duke's  satellite  campus  in  Beaufort 
combines  classroom  learning  and  aquatic  exploration. 

on  benches  and  drifting  between  studying 
and  socializing.  One  woman  is  engaging  non- 
chalantly with  a  soccer  ball  and  more  ad- 
amantly with  a  cell  phone.  An  island  para- 
dise, seemingly — but  with  homework. 

On  Duke's  main  campus,  there's  no  set 
mealtime,  and  certainly  no  set  meal  place: 
Freedom  of  choice  is  the  imperative,  and  eat- 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     January-February  Z009 


and-run  is  the  norm.  A  staple  of  the  Marine 
Lab  routine,  on  the  other  hand,  is  a  com- 
mon dining  experience. 

Over  one  meal  that  suits  his  vegetarian 
sensibilities,  Scott  Spillias,  a  senior,  sits  across 
from  Boon  Shan  Quek,  a  junior  from  Singa- 
pore. (The  chef,  Sylvester  "Sly"  Murray, 
marking  more  than  three  Marine  Lab  dec- 
ades, drops  by  to  muse  about  preparing  a 
special  meal  for  a  birthday-celebrating  stu- 
dent and  delivering  a  pot  of  chicken  soup  to 
an  ill  student.)  Like  their  undergraduate  Ma- 
rine Lab  peers,  they  are  working  on  inde- 
pendent-study projects. 

Quek  is  looking  at  the  level  of  PAHs  (poly- 
cyclic  aromatic  hydrocarbons)  in  the  runoff 
ponds  built  alongside  shopping-center  park- 
ing lots  and  residential  areas.  PAHs,  which 
come  from  gasoline,  paving  asphalt,  and 
parking-lot  sealants,  are  carcinogenic  and 
can  accumulate  in  aquatic  animals,  notably 
snails.  "Students  here  have  fewer  commit- 


Charting  a  course:  Independent  researcher  Sara  Bell, 
above,  collects  marsh  samples;  Ferraro's  seminar, 
right,  explores  oceanic  themes  in  literature;  Kirby- 
Smith,  opposite  with  student,  eyes  aquatic  life. 

ments  to  their  extracurricular  activities  and 
other  non-academic  responsibilities,  so  they 
have  more  time  to  focus  on  academics,  and 
in  particular,  research,"  she  says.  She's  quick 
to  add  that  there  are  plenty  of  social  activi- 
ties, official  and  unofficial. 

Spillias  says  that  the  Durham  and  Beau- 
fort campuses  invariably  invite  different  so- 
cial dynamics.  Marine  Lab  living  means  "talk- 
ing to  everyone  you  live  with,"  he  says.  The 
small  numbers  discourage  the  forming  of 
the  usual  cliques.  In  Durham,  he  says,  "I  have 
many  friends — and  I've  experienced  this  my- 
self— who  live  on  a  hall  on  the  main  cam- 
pus and  won't  talk  to  anyone  on  their  hall, 
because  they  didn't  know  them  before  and 
they  aren't  part  of  any  of  their  social  cir- 


'.dukemagaz  ine.duke.edu 


cles."  The  downside  of  life  at  Beaufort,  of 
course,  is  that  students  can  feel  removed  from 
those  same  social  circles. 

Last  year  Spillias  studied  at  the  Turks  and 
Caicos  Islands  in  the  British  West  Indies.  "It 
was  a  place  where  the  economy  of  the  coun- 
try is  completely  reliant  on  its  natural  re- 
sources— tourism  is  number  one,  fishing  is 
number  two,"  he  says.  But  that  doesn't  mean 
that  the  locals  are  attuned  to  the  stresses  on 
the  marine  environment  or  that  they  un- 
derstand how  to  manage  it.  He  says  he  came 
to  realize  "how  over-exploited  and  under- 
researched  the  marine  world  is,"  an  insight 
that  led  him  to  contemplate  a  career  in 
marine  ecology.  For  his  independent  study, 
Spillias  is  trying  to  figure  out  whether  man- 
made  marshes  are  suitable  settlement  grounds 
for  the  commercially  important  blue  crab. 


IN  THE  PARKING  LOTS, 
THE  PREVAILING  BUMPER 
STICKER  READS,  "NO  WET- 
LANDS, NO  SEAFOOD." 


ne  of  the  professors  Spillias  is  work- 
ing with  is  zoologist  Richard  For- 
ward, who  teaches  marine  animal 
physiology  and  who  came  to  Duke 
in  1971.  His  list  of  publications  goes  on  for 
some  twenty  pages,  including  articles  in  jour- 
nals in  oceanography,  comparative  physiol- . 
ogy,  and  marine  biology.  In  one  of  his  typi- 
cal class  lectures,  Forward — wearing  the  Ma-  < 
rine  Lab  quasi-uniform  of  shorts,  sneakers, 
and  a  print  shirt — is  explaining  how  crabs, 
shrimp,  and  other  crustaceans  use  waves, 
the  sun,  the  moon,  landmarks,  and  their  own 
magnetic  compasses  to  navigate  their  envi- 
ronments. Some  animals  can  orient  them- 
selves with  just  "a  little  patch  of  blue  sky," 
he  says;  others,  which  day  by  day  have  to 
master  anew  even  familiar  territory,  are  "ba- 
sically stupid." 

"I  probably  walk  up  to  his  office  for  a  chat 
about  something  at  least  every  other  day," 
Spillias  says.  "This  is  true  of  the  Marine  Lab 
professors  in  general,  who  are  all  very  friendly 
and  willing  to  go  out  of  their  way  for  stu- 
dents. One  thing  that  certainly  helps  is  the 
small  class  size,  where  you  get  to  know  your 
professors  well,  and  the  fact  that  you  know 
everyone  in  your  class  socially,  so  you  are 
not  ever  shy  about  speaking  up  in  class." 
Forward  mentions  that  in  recent  years, 


the  Marine  Lab  has  added  a  policy  orienta- 
tion to  its  research  orientation.  That's  obvi- 
ous in  a  "Green  by  Design"  course  led  by 
zoology  professor  Daniel  Rittschof.  The  im- 
petus behind  the  course,  says  Rittschof,  "is 
the  idea  that  any  educated  person  should 
have  at  least  minimal  understanding  of  en- 
vironments and  stewardship  issues."  His  ec- 
lectic research  interests  include  antifoulants; 
he  has  several  patents  for  the  substances, 
which  keep  sea  creatures  from  attaching  to 
ship  hulls  and  are  environmentally  benign. 

Rittschof  is  advising  Boon  Shan  Quek  on 
her  runoff-ponds  study.  "Boon's  Singapore 
home  is  one  where  all  the  estuaries  are  now 
fresh-water  reservoirs  and  many  are  essen- 
tially very  large  parking-lot  runoff  ponds," 
he  says.  "Knowing  the  toxicology  of  the  ponds 
is  of  interest  to  both  of  us." 

At  the  Marine  Lab,  Rittschof  is  well- 
known  for  leading  students  on  two-and-a- 
half-hour  nighttime  walks,  during  which 
they  wade  into  a  shallow  estuary  looking  for 
crabs,  fish,  and  snails.  He  guarantees  be- 


tween twenty-five  and  thirty-five  things 
they  can  hold  in  their  hands  and  at  least  a 
million  individuals  to  look  at.  "The  trips  are 
multipurpose,"  he  says.  "I  learn  how  each 
student  deals  with  stress,  how  curious  they 
are,  how  afraid  they  are,  their  sense  of  hu- 
mor— and  I  just  generally  get  to  know  them 
as  people.  After  twenty-six  years,  those  trips 
are  still  fun  for  me."  Most  students,  he  adds, 
aren't  notably  in  touch  with  nature.  "For 
example,  last  semester  in  my  freshman  sem- 
inar, eighteen  out  of  eighteen  students — 
sixteen  of  whom  live  where  robins  live — 
could  not  identify  a  robin." 

It's  late  September,  and  the  students  are 
outlining  their  end-of-term  class  projects. 
One  plans  to  perform  a  cost-benefit  analysis 
of  offshore  drilling  along  the  North  Caro- 
lina coast.  Another  envisions  proposing  an 
organic  garden  that  would  help  feed  the 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     January-February  2009         49 


Marine  Lab  population.  Spillias,  who  is  in 
the  class,  wants  to  explore  low-impact  trans- 
portation between  Duke's  main  campus  and 
the  Marine  Lab. 

"Green  by  Design"  is  taught,  appropriate- 
ly, in  the  Marine  Lab's  Repass  Ocean  Con- 
servation Center.  Dedicated  in  the  fall  of 
2006,  it's  the  first  building  constructed  at 
the  Marine  Lab  in  thirty  years  and  its  first 
"green  building."  The  center  uses  geother- 
mal  pumps  for  heating  and  cooling,  solar 
panels  for  hot  water,  and  photovoltaic  roof- 
top panels  to  convert  sunlight  into  electric- 


ure  that  out,"  perhaps  by  receiving  an  unex- 
pected but  memorable  pinch.  This  is,  he  says, 
the  "post-Flipper  generation"  of  students,  for 
whom  environmental  stewardship  has  be- 
come a  personal  and  social  imperative. 

Kirby-Smith  also  notes  a  gender  skewing. 
Most  of  those  students  are  women,  a  rever- 
sal from  a  decade  or  so  ago.  He  jokes  that 
he's  become  attuned  to  a  human  behavior 
pattern:  His  male  students  like  to  plunk  the 
animals  into  a  tank  and  watch  them  fight 
each  other;  his  female  students  hope  the 
animals  will  get  along  swimmingly. 


damaging  effects  of  pollution  and  overfish- 
ing. The  oceans'  problems,  he  observes,  are 
symptoms  of  a  management  approach  that 
no  longer  works:  We  manage  one  resource  at 
a  time,  separately  focusing  on  fishing  or  off- 
shore oil  drilling,  without  considering  the 
effects  of  one  activity  on  another.  And  we 
tend  to  treat  one  part  of  the  system — coral 
reefs,  kelp  forests — rather  than  the  whole. 

Crowder  points  out  that  Shackleford  is 
one  of  only  a  handful  of  national  parks  in  a 
seashore  area.  He  also  tells  the  students  that 
Princeton  University's  Daniel  Rubenstein, 
who  earned  his  Ph.D.  from  Duke  in  1977, 
was  the  key  biologist  in  figuring  out  the  op- 
timum size  for  maintaining  the  viability  of 
Shackleford's  herd  of  horses.  The  students  and 
their  professors  manage  some  horse  sight- 
ings. They  also  manage  to  get  themselves 
rain-drenched  and,  in  some  cases,  to  con- 
nect in  unfortunate  ways  with  the  prickly 
plants  that  line  the  trails. 


ity.  It's  built  of  recycled  wood  and  local 
materials,  such  as  yellow  Southern  pine  and 
Atlantic  white  cedar.  And  it's  outfitted  with 
other  eco-features,  including  natural  day- 
light in  all  spaces,  fresh-air  ventilation,  deep 
overhangs  to  provide  shade,  a  landscape  of 
native  grasses,  permeable  sidewalks,  and  a 
zinc  roof  designed  to  last  100  years. 

In  the  more  conventional  architectural 
space  of  one  of  the  Marine  Lab's  teaching 
labs,  William  Kirby-Smith  Ph.D.  '70,  a  ma- 
rine ecologist,  is  getting  his  students  ready 
for  a  field  trip.  He  loads  them  into  a  small 
skiff,  which  he  pilots  out  to  Shackleford 
Banks.  Shackleford  is  a  barrier  island:  It  erodes 
on  its  ocean  side,  and  it  accretes  on  its  in- 
land side.  "Every  time  I  go  out,  I  get  totally 
wet  and  totally  dirty,"  Kirby-Smith  says. 

He  and  the  students  wade  into  the  shal- 
low water  and  collect  starfish,  snails,  fiddle 
crabs,  hermit  crabs,  and  blue  crabs,  all  of 
which  they'll  bring  back  to  the  lab.  The  term 
"crabby  person"  has  marine-life  resonance, 
he  says,  since  "crabs  tend  to  be  aggressive 
predators."  He  adds  that  "students  will  fig- 


No  backpacks  needed:  Students  unwind  on  porch  of 
environmentally  friendly  Repass  Ocean  Conservation 
Center,  above;  faculty  member  Rittschof  consults 
on  barnacle  research,  right;  converging  for  commu- 
nal dining  under  banners  of  colleges  that  have  had 
a  Marine  Lab  presence,  far  right. 


sing  a  catamaran  and  the  lab's  own 
fifty-foot  research  vessel,  the  Susan 
Hudson,  two  other  professors — 
Larry    Crowder,    Stephen    Toth 
Professor  of  marine  biology,  and  research  sci- 
entist David  Johnston — set  sail  with  stu- 
dents in  a  "Marine  Megafauna"  course. 
Based  in  Durham,  the  course  centers  on 
large  sea  life — giant  squid,  bony  fish,  sharks, 
sea  turtles,  seabirds,  and  marine  mammals. 
During  the  students'  Marine  Lab  weekend, 
though,  the  course  makes  a  fleeting  shift  of 
focus  from  large  sea  life  to  large  land  life:  The 
first  stop  is  Shackleford,  to  search  out  those 
elusive  wild  horses. 

Crowder  is  a  proselytizer  for  the  oceans  as 
well  as  a  researcher.  He  has  written  about  the 


With  all  of  that,  it's  a  welcome  retreat  to 
the  boat  to  observe  an  onboard  dredging 
operation.  The  students  sift  through,  and 
pass  around,  the  scooped-up  sea  creatures: 
urchins,  tiny  squid,  gag  groupers,  blue  fish, 
Atlantic  spade  fish,  hermit  crabs,  spider 
crabs,  brittle  stars. 

Apart  from  the  equine  attractions  of 
Shackleford,  the  Beaufort  Inlet  reliably  pro- 
duces dolphin  delights;  the  area  is  a  rich 
feeding  ground  for  the  animals.  Johnston 
says  their  graceful  behavior  and  "hydro- 
dynamically  designed"  faces — that  is,  their 


50 


.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


apparent  smiles — make  dolphins  irresistible 
to  humans.  He  originally  came  to  the  Ma- 
rine Lab  as  a  Ph.D.  student  to  study  with  An- 
drew Read,  Rachel  Carson  Associate  Pro- 
fessor of  marine  conservation  biology,  who 
has  long  explored  the  human  impact  on 
marine  mammals  and  sea  turtles.  He  also 
worked  with  Richard  Barber,  now  the  Har- 
vey Smith  Professor  Emeritus  of  biological 
oceanography,  who  has  led  expeditions  to 
the  Equatorial  Pacific,  the  Arabian  Sea,  and 
the  Southern  Ocean  around  Antarctica  to 
study  the  ties  between  climate  and  oceanic 


same  question  a  second  time,  and  get  a  dif- 
ferent answer." 

Dockside  two  afternoons  a  week,  English 
professor  Tom  Ferraro  is  exploring  what  lit- 
erature has  to  say  about  the  ocean  environ- 
ment— and  about  humans  caught  up  in  the 
ocean  environment.  Ferraro,  who  happens 
to  be  an  avid  swimmer,  is  visiting  from  the 
Durham  campus  this  fall.  His  course,  taught 
in  the  Marine  Lab's  boathouse  lounge,  is 
called  "Under  Ocean's  Spell."  It  immerses 
students  in  works  ranging  from  Peter  Hoeg's 
Arctic  Ocean  mystery  SmiUa's  Sense  of  Snow 


processes.  "Students  come  here  and,  on  any 
given  day,  can  sit  down  for  lunch  with  the 
people  who  have  changed  how  we  see  the 
ocean,"  Johnston  says.  "It's  pretty  cool." 

Bottlenose  dolphins  earn  an  entry  in  a 
field  guide  to  dolphin-  and  whale-watching; 
Johnston  was  the  co-author.  The  book  de- 
scribes the  bottlenose  as  "a  cosmopolitan 
species"  distributed  globally  in  temperate 
and  tropical  waters,  which  spend  95  percent 
of  their  time  underwater;  it  also  calls  them 
"extremely  social"  and  "active  and  agile  at 
the  surface."  Today's  dolphins  are  actively 
bowing  on  the  water's  surface,  even  as  John- 
ston, a  committed  surfer,  is  contemplating 
the  choppy  seas  longingly. 

On  past  trips,  Johnston  has  run  across 
students  who  had  never  before  been  on  a 
boat  or  seen  a  marine  mammal.  "It's  amazing 
to  be  able  to  incorporate  field  techniques 
into  your  teaching,"  he  says.  "The  balance  of 
nature  is  misunderstood.  Nature  is  dynamic; 
it  is  ever-evolving.  There's  so  much  varia- 
bility in  the  ocean  environment  that  we  can 
ask  a  question  once,  get  an  answer,  ask  the 


relentlessly:  "Who  is  guilty  of  what?"  "What 
happens  to  the  innocent  on  a  ship?"  "What 
gets  Billy  killed?"  "Is  Billy  the  biggest  idiot 
who  ever  existed  on  the  face  of  the  Earth?" 

Ferraro  was  recruited  for  his  Marine 
Lab  semester  by  Cindy  Lee  Van  Do- 
ver, who  became  director  of  the  Ma- 
rine Lab  two  years  ago.  In  the  1970s 
she  was  a  laboratory  assistant  here,  working 
for  Kirby-Smith,  the  marine  ecologist.  One 
summer,  to  make  ends  meet,  she  lived  in  a 
tent  across  the  inlet  on  Carrot  Island  with 
her  dog,  Matthew,  and  canoed  to  work. 

On  a  Saturday  evening,  a  group  of  stu- 
dents have  gathered  to  watch  videos  shot 
and  narrated  by  Van  Dover.  The  videos  show 
the  work  of  the  Alvin,  a  three-person  sub- 
marine that  can  descend  three  miles  below 
the  sea's  surface.  Her  audience  watches  scenes 
of  an  inky  blue  netherworld  with  six-foot- 
tall  red  tube  worms,  giant  clams,  and  mas- 
sive beds  ot  anemones. 

Her  first  dive,  in  1985,  took  her  down  to  a 
spot  in  the  Galapagos  Ritt  where  two  tec- 


STUDENTS  COME  HERE 
AND  CAN  SIT  DOWN  FOR 
LUNCH  WITH  THE  PEOPLE 
WHO  HAVE  CHANGED  HOW 

to  Herman  Wouk's  The  Caine  Mutiny.        WE  SEE  THE  OCEAN." 

As  he  tells  students  in  his  course  de- 
scription, "you're  likely  to  be  surprised 

out  of  your  gourd  (er,  shell)"  by  the  many  tonic  plates  spread  apart,  producing  under- 
water hot  springs  known  as  hydrothermal 
vents.  She  calls  those  vents  "oases  of  life  on 
the  ocean  floor."  They  support  odd  animals 
like  the  giant  tube  worm,  which  lacks  a 
mouth  or  digestive  system  but,  in  Van  Do- 
ver's words,  is  "exquisite  in  form  and  func- 
tion, adapted  to  the  extreme  conditions  in 
which  the  animal  lives."  By  the  end  of  the 


literary  associations  with  the  sea,  and  "at  the 
Marine  Lab  certain  special  lessons  involve 
not  only  science  and  policy  but  English — 
and  especially  the  intersections  between." 

This  afternoon,  Ferraro 's  students  are  ar- 
riving right  from  a  Marine  Lab  ice-cream 
social,  and  he  worries  aloud  that  they're 
"ready  to  crash  from  the  sugar  intake."  To- 
day's subject  is  Herman  Melville's  story  of    dive,  she  told  The  New  York  Times  a  few 


the  contest  for  authority  on  the  high  seas, 
Billy  Budd. 

Ferraro,  famous  for  roiling  conversational 
currents,  is  confronted  with  some  seminar- 
room  hesitancy.  He  later  ascribes  that,  in 
part,  to  the  students'  tendency  to  think  like 
evidence-oriented  scientists.  He's  endeav- 
oring to  liberate  their  imaginations.  Ferraro 


years  ago,  "my  head  hurt  because  I'd  been 
straining  so  hard  to  see  everything." 

She  was  a  graduate  student  at  the  time, 
finishing  off  doctoral  work  at  Woods  Hole, 
which  operates  the  Alvin  for  the  National 
Science  Foundation.  She  set  about  writing 
the  first  maintenance  manual  tor  the  sub- 
mersible. Watching  veteran  pilots  taking 


puts  them  in  a  role-playing  mode  to  better  apart  every  bit  of  hardware,  she  came  to  see 
understand  the  characters  in  the  shipboard  "how  it  was  built  from  the  inside  out."  Pi- 
drama,  particularly  the  characters'  murky  loting,  she  concluded,  would  engage  her 
motivations.  And  he  fires  questions  at  them  with  all  the  tools  of  underwater  exploration 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     January-February  2009 


51 


and  also  would  take  her  from  one  deep-sea 
hot  spring,  with  its  particular  set  of  weird 
life  forms,  to  the  next.  She  has  since  led  forty- 
eight  expeditions  on  the  Alvin  as  the  pilot 
in  command;  she's  participated  in  more  than 
100  dives,  documenting  the  terrain  and 
creatures  of  an  environment  that  is  at  once 
unforgiving  and  teeming  with  life. 

Visitors  to  her  office  are  greeted  by  a 
metal  sculpture  of  a  scaly-footed  gastropod, 
a  kind  of  snail,  discovered  on  her  expedi- 
tion to  the  Indian  Ocean's  hydrothermal 
vents — the  first  U.S.  exploration  of  vents  in 
the  Indian  Ocean.  On  one  wall  there's  also  a 
poster  from  the  movie  20,000  Leagues  Under 
the  Sea  right  next  to  a  portrait  of  the  Alvin. 

Van  Dover's  book  Deep-Ocean  Journeys: 
Discovering  New  Life  at  the  Bottom  of  the  Sea 
delves  into  the  theme  of  deep-sea  science  as 
a  frontier  science;  the  seafloor  is  the  planet's 
largest  and  least  known  wilderness.  "In  my 


assistant  Matt  Bower,  who's  in  his  first  year 
in  the  Coastal  Environmental  Management 
program,  herds  the  visiting  megafauna  stu- 
dents into  a  van.  They're  headed  to  the 
North  Carolina  Aquarium  in  nearby  Pine 
Knolls  Shore.  CEM  students  spend  their 
first  year  in  Durham,  taking  courses  in  re- 
source economics  and  other  subjects  that 


possible  alligator  encounter.  Although  gators 
can  run  thirty-five  miles  per  hour  for  a  short 
distance,  they  can't  "turn  on  a  dime,"  he 
says,  and  so  might  be  stymied  if  you  pursue  a 
zig-zag  path.  And  while  their  sharp  teeth 
can  bite  with  a  force  of  2,000  pounds  per 
square  inch,  the  muscles  that  open  their 
mouths  are  relatively  weak,  so  you  can  al- 


mind,  the  deep  sea  encom- 
passes the  depths  of  the  open 
ocean  beyond  where  daylight 
penetrates — beyond  where  the 
sun  at  noon  becomes  twilight, 
beyond  darkness,  into  utter 
black,"  she  writes.  Her  voice  in 
another  book,  The  Octopus's 
Garden,  is  even  more  clearly 
that  of  the  curiosity-driven  scientist-poet: 
"As  a  scientist,  I  am  robed  with  degrees  and 
academic  pedigree.  I  write  reams  of  dry  prose 
with  appropriately  technical  language  and 
what  my  colleagues  consider  scientific  con- 
sequence. But  at  heart,  I  confess,  I  am  an 
amateur  naturalist,  quick  to  delight  in  the 
unusual  nature  of  a  worm,  the  oddities  of  a 
shrimp,  the  peculiarities  of  a  rock." 

Van  Dover  grew  up  just  beyond  the  New 
Jersey  shore.  Family  trips  to  the  beach  piqued 
her  curiosity  about  the  small  animals  in  the 
tide  pools.  She  says  that  while  her  friends 
liked  the  standard  four-legged  creatures — 
dogs  and  cats — she  was  intrigued  by  horse- 
shoe crabs.  "They  had  ten  eyes  and  ate  with 
their  knees.  I  loved  that,"  she  told  the  Times. 

Just  outside  Van  Dover's  office,  teaching 


Into  the  wild:  Marine  Lab  director  Van  Dover,  left, 
made  her  mark  as  an  underwater  explorer;  on  a 
student  field  trip,  photographing  undomesticated 
Shackleford  Banks  horses. 


THIS  IS  THE  "POST-FLIPPER 
GENERATION"  OF  STUDENTS, 
FOR  WHOM  ENVIRONMENTAL 
STEWARDSHIP  HAS  BECOME 
AN  IMPERATIVE. 


aren't  taught  at  the  Marine  Lab,  and  their 
second  year  in  Beaufort. 

Before  diving  into  graduate  work  at  Duke, 
Bower  was  a  teaching  assistant  for  a  course 
in  coastal-field  ecology,  working  on  a  project 
with  diamondback  terrapins.  "That  started 
the  itch,"  he  says.  He  later  spent  three 
months  on  the  Galapagos  Islands,  where  he 
was  a  volunteer  coordinator  for  a  nonprofit 
that  was  trying  to  reforest  an  area  with 
native  plant  species. 

Bower  and  his  students  arrive  at  the 
aquarium  for  a  behind-the-scenes  tour  with 
"Curt,"  whose  nametag  identifies  him  as 
special-activities  director  and  whose  skull- 
and-crossbones  belt  identifies  him  as  a 
pirate  fan.  In  front  of  an  aggregation  of  alli- 
gators, Curt  counsels  the  students  about  a 


ways  try  holding  their  jaws  shut,  he  adds. 

Curt  directs  his  visitors  to  the  top  of  the 
aquarium's  big  tank,  observing  that  it  would 
be  a  bad  thing  to  fall  in.  The  tank  is  filled 
with  scary  sand  sharks  and  specimens  with 
such  evocative  names  as  blue-striped  grunt, 
crevalle  jack,  cotton  wick,  gag,  and  Vermil- 
lion snapper. 

At  the  end  of  the  tour,  some  of  the  stu- 
dents linger  by  a  smaller  tank.  Its  tenants 
include  pigfish,  lookdown,  and  a  bonnet- 
head  shark.  The  fish  swim  around  an  an- 
chor and  other  shipwreck  detritus,  rendered 
in  fiberglass  and  meant  to  evoke  the  remains 
of  Blackbeard's  Queen  Anne's  Revenge,  that 
enduring  emblem  of  pirate  activity. 

Bower  drives  the  students  back  to  Beau- 
fort, past  local  landmarks  like  Beach  Mart 
and  Bert's  Surf  Shop.  While  he  grew  up  in 
landlocked  Chicago,  he  says  he  was  drawn 
at  an  early  age  to  the  seemingly  endless  ex- 
panse of  Lake  Michigan.  Later,  he  adds,  "I 
love  to  be  near  the  water.  This  sounds  like  a 
surfer  mentality,  but  no  one  is  ever  stressed 
or  angry  at  the  beach.  There  is  something 
about  the  sound  of  waves,  sunrises,  sunsets, 
and  the  endless  blue  horizon  that  has  a 
calming  effect  on  people."  ■ 

Videos  from  Marine  Lab  faculty  members  discussing 
their  research,  www.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


52 


i2ine.duke.edi 


Books 


Harvest  of  Blossoms:  Poems  from 
a  Life  Cut  Short.  Edited  by  Irene  and 
Helene  Silverblatt.  Northwestern  University 
Press,  2008.  147 pages.  $18.95. 
Selma  Meerbaum-Eisinger,  a  Romanian  Jew, 
died  in  a  Nazi  labor  camp  in  1942  at  the  age 
of  eighteen.  Harvest  of  Blossoms,  the  first 
English  translation  of  her  poems,  is  edited 
by  Irene  Silverblatt,  a  professor  of  cultural 
anthropology  at  Duke,  and  her  sister,  Helene 
Silverblatt,  an  associate  professor  of  psychi- 
atry at  the  University  of  New  Mexico  School 
of  Medicine.  The  Silverblatts,  who  are  cous- 
ins of  Meerbaum-Eisinger,  provide  a  rich 
historical  context  to  frame  the  young  girl's 
work.  In  a  voice  that  has  been  compared  to 
Anne  Frank,  Meerbaum-Eisinger  writes  of 
young  love  (she  dedicated  the  poems  to  her 
boyfriend),  the  beauty  and  fragility  of  na- 
ture, and  her  despair  over  rising  anti-Se- 
mitic and  nationalist  sentiments  in  Europe. 
This  past  fall,  Silverblatt  taught  a  course  on 
the  politics  of  memory  and  a  graduate  semi- 
nar on  nationalism,  both  of  which  grew  out 
of  her  experience  bringing  Meerbaum-Ei- 
singer's  poems  and  story  to  life. 

The  Nonprofit  Career  Guide: 
How  to  Land  a  Job  That  Makes  a 
Difference.  B}  Shelly  Cryer  '89.  Fieldstone 
Alliance,  2008.  300 pages.  $16.95. 
More  than  14  million  Americans  work  in 
the  nonprofit  sector,  from  small-town  com- 
munity groups  to  national  organizations  such 
as  Habitat  for  Humanity  and  Goodwill  In- 
dustries. Cryer  offers  how-to  advice  for  young 


professionals  interested  in  landing  a  job  with 
a  nonprofit  (search  strategies,  salary  negotia- 
tion), as  well  as  topics  related  to  senior-level 
management  positions  (administration  and 
finance,  development).  Cryer  is  the  founder 
of  the  Initiative  for  Nonprofit  Sector  Career, 
a  research  and  advocacy  project  designed  to 
cultivate  the  next  generation  of  skilled, 
diverse  leaders  for  these  organizations. 

Upbuilding  Black  Durham:  Gender, 
Class,  and  Black  Community  Devel- 
opment in  the  Jim  Crow  South. 

B;y  Leslie  Brown  A.M.  '93,  Ph.D.  '97. 
University  of  North  Carolina  Press,  2008. 
429  pages.  $24.95,  paper. 
Using  interviews,  narratives,  and  family  sto- 
ries, Brown  paints  Durham  in  the  Jim  Crow 
era  as  a  place  of  dynamic  change  where,  de- 
spite common  aspirations,  gender  and  class 
conflicts  emerged.  Shifting  the  historical 
perspective  away  from  viewing  solidarity  as 
essential  to  effective  struggle  or  dissent  as  a 
measure  of  weakness,  Brown  demonstrates 
that  friction  among  African  Americans  gen- 
erated rather  than  depleted  energy,  sparking 
many  activist  initiatives  on  behalf  of  the 
black  community. 

Strength  &  Compassion.  B>>  Eric 
Greitens  '96.  Leading  Authorities  Press,  2008. 
176 pages.  $65. 

Photographs  and  essays  by  Greitens — Rhodes 
and  Truman  Scholar,  Navy  SEAL,  marathon 
runner,  Golden  Gloves  boxer,  former  White 
House  Fellow,  founder  and  chair  of  the  Cen- 


ter for  Citizen  Leadership — illustrate  the 
strong  humanitarian  impulse  that  shapes  his 
life.  The  book  shows  the  lives  of  genocide 
refugees,  street  children,  war  orphans,  and 
landmine  survivors  in  eight  countries,  en- 
couraging readers  to  consider  what  it  takes 
to  overcome  extreme  hardship.  With  a  fore- 
word by  Paul  Rusesabagina,  recipient  of  the 
2005  Presidential  Medal  of  Freedom,  whose 
life  story  inspired  the  movie  Hotel  Rwanda. 

Brighter  Leaves:  History  of  the  Arts 
in  Durham.  Preservation  Durham,  2008. 
300 pages.  $50. 

Filled  with  photographs  and  essays,  Brighter 
Leaves  weaves  together  Durham's  earliest 
artistic  efforts  with  its  industrial  and  social 
history.  Using  oral  histories  and  first-person 
interviews,  Brighter  Leaves  celebrates  nu- 
merous artists,  including  African  Dance  En- 
semble founder  Chuck  Davis  and  gospel 
singer  Shirley  Caesar,  and  features  such  arts 
institutions  as  the  Durham  Arts  Council, 
the  Carolina  Theatre,  and  the  Hayti  Her- 
itage Center.  The  book  also  includes  in- 
depth  entries  on  hundreds  of  artists,  indi- 
viduals, and  groups  who  were  important  to 
the  development  of  the  arts  in  Durham,  and 
highlights  the  role  that  Duke  and  other  aca- 
demic institutions  played  in  shaping  the 
city's  vibrant  arts  community.  Inspired  by 
the  late  arts  supporter  Patrick  Kenan  M.D. 
'59,  Brighter  Leaves  was  published  under 
the  guidance  of  Preservation  Durham  and 
supported  by  local  foundations  and  private 
donors. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     January-February  2009 


Television,  Power,  and  the  Public 
in  Russia.  By  Ellen  Mickiewicz. 
Cambridge  University  Press ,  2008 .  220  pages . 
$29.99,  paper. 

Mickiewicz,  the  James  R.  Shepley  Professor  of 
public  policy  studies  and  professor  of  politi- 
cal science  at  Duke,  examines  how  messages 
shaped  and  dispersed  through  government- 
controlled  media  outlets  are  perceived  by  the 
Russian  people.  Using  extensive  focus  groups 
and  new  developments  in  cognitive  theory, 
Mickiewicz  reveals  major  discrepancies  be- 
tween the  messages  intended  by  state -spon- 
sored broadcasts  and  their  reception  by 


Pauline  Elizabeth  Hopkins:  Black 
Daughter  of  the  Revolution.  B^  Lois 
Brown  '87.  University  of  North  Carolina 
Press,  2008.  704  pages.  $45. 
Bom  into  an  educated,  free  black  family  in 
Portland,  Maine,  Hopkins  was  a  pioneering 
playwright,  journalist,  novelist,  feminist, 
and  intellectual.  In  this  critical  biography, 
Brown  includes  descriptions  of  Hopkins' 
earliest-known  performances  as  a  singer  and 
actress;  textual  analysis  of  her  major  and 
minor  literary  work;  information  about  her 
most  influential  mentors,  colleagues,  and 
professional  affiliations;  and  details  of  her 
battles  with  Booker  T.  Washington,  which 
ultimately  led  to  her  professional  demise  as 
a  journalist.  Brown  is  an  associate  professor 
of  English  and  director  of  the  Weissman 
Center  for  Leadership  and  the  Liberal  Arts 
at  Mount  Holyoke  College. 


Mediterranean  Passages:  Readings 
from  Dido  to  Derrida.  Edited  by  miriam 
cooke,  Erdag  Goknar,  and  Grant  Parker. 
University  of  North  Carolina  Press,  2008. 
416  pages.  $24.95,  paper. 
The  Mediterranean  is  the  meeting  point  of 
three  continents — Asia,  Africa,  and  Europe 
— as  well  as  three  major  monotheistic  reli- 
gions— Islam,  Judaism,  and  Christianity. 
Focusing  on  global  networks  and  cultural 
exchanges,  the  book  collects  writings  from 
across  3,000  years  to  provide  a  pan-Med- 
iterranean perspective  of  the  cultural,  polit- 
ical, and  economic  relations  that  crisscross 
the  region,  linking  people  and  places  from 
antiquity  to  the  present.  At  Duke,  cooke  is 
professor  of  Arabic  literature  and  culture, 
and  Goknar  is  assistant  professor  of  Turkish 
studies.  Parker,  a  former  assistant  professor 
of  classical  studies  at  Duke,  is  now  assistant 
professor  of  classics  at  Stanford  University. 

All  Aboard.  By]oe  Ashby  Porter. 

Turtle  Point  Press ,2008.  187  pages .$15.95. 

Porter,  a  fiction  writer  and  Duke  professor 
of  English  and  theater  studies,  ventures  into 
new,  sometimes  unprecedented  territory,  from 
the  luxe  restraint  of  "Merrymount,"  through 
the  eroticism  of  "Pending,"  to  the  distilled 
heebie-jeebies  of  "Dream  On."  In  these  six 
short  stories,  reading,  travel,  and  sexual  ori- 
entation (and  disorientation)  loom  larger 
than  in  his  previous  works.  In  addition  to 
his  published  works — short-story  collections, 
novels,  nonfiction  books  on  William  Shakes- 
peare— Porter's  accomplishments  include  an 


Academy  Award  from  The  American  Acad- 
emy of  Arts  and  Letters,  Pushcart  prizes, 
NEA/PEN  Syndicated  Fiction  awards,  and 
fellowships  from  the  NEA. 

Jack  Coombs:  A  Life  in  Baseball. 

By]ohn  P.  Tiemey.  McFarland  &  Company, 
2008.  214  pages.  $29.95. 
During  his  nearly  quarter  century  of  coach- 
ing Duke's  baseball  program,  former  Major 
League  pitcher  Coombs  was  a  popular  cam- 
pus figure — close  friend  of  president  Wil- 
liam Preston  Few,  colleague  of  football  coach 
Wallace  Wade,  and  mentor  to  hundreds  of 
student-athletes,  building  a  382-171  record 
before  retiring  at  the  age  of  seventy.  Tierney,  a 
member  of  the  Society  for  American  Baseball 
Research,  writes  with  a  fan's  attention  to  de- 
tail as  he  tracks  Coombs'  rise  to  fame  in  the 
pros,  his  debilitating  bout  with  typhoid  fever, 
and  his  indelible  mark  on  Duke  athletics. 

The  Best  Day  of  Someone  Else's 
Life.  B;y  Kerry  ReichsJ.D.  '99,  M.P.P.  '00. 
Avon/HarperCollins,  2008.  464  pages.  $13.95. 
In  her  debut  novel,  lawyer-turned-writer 
Reichs  offers  a  humorous  take  on  friend- 
ships, relationships,  and  family  bonds.  Her 
protagonist,  Kevin  "Vi"  Connelly,  is  a  serial 
bridesmaid,  whose  attendance  at  eleven  wed- 
dings in  eighteen  months  forces  her  to  con- 
sider "the  blind  impetus  to  marry,  and  the 
nexus  between  commitment  and  ritual." 
Reichs  knows  her  material:  She's  a  frequent 
maid  of  honor  and  bridesmaid — five  times 
in  each  role,  and  counting. 


.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


www.dukealumni.com 


Alumni  Register 


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Hold  the  mustard:  Student  vendors  peddle  sandwiches, 
milk,  ice  cream,  and  other  snacks  on  West  Campus  as  part  of 
Men's  Student  Government  Association  late-night  catering 
service,  launched  in  1950  at  < 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     January-February  2009  55 


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many  generous  donors 


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who  contributed  to  the  success  of 

Duke's  Financial  Aid  Initiative. 


Alumni  Register 


Home(coming)  Delivery 


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either  rain  nor  chill — and  certainly 
not  gloom  of  night — deterred  the 
nearly  1,400  stalwart  and  loyal 
Duke  alumni,  family  members,  and 


Laughs  and  legacy  building:  Revelers  at  President's 
Dance,  a  baby  Blue  Devil,  and  the  football  team's 
march  to  Wallace  Wade,  clockwise  from  left,  embody 
the  all-ages  allure  of  Homecoming. 


friends  who  returned  to  campus  in  October 
to  celebrate  Homecoming  Weekend.  The 
numbers  included  more  than  130  members 
of  the  Half-Century  Club,  alumni  who 
graduated  at  least  fifty  years  ago. 

They  were  rewarded  with  a  vibrant  range 
of  programming,  including  a  pep  rally  and 
football  game,  student  performances,  and 
faculty  panels  on  such  topics  as  the  state  of 
the  dollar  and  the  effect  of  November's 
election  results  on  the  U.S.  Supreme  Court. 

The  three-day  celebration  culminated  in 
the  perennially  popular  President's  Dance, 
which  featured  performances  by  student 
dancers  and  a  cappella  singing  groups.  Par- 
tygoers  danced  to  the  funk  rhythms  of  the 
popular  band  Right  On!  The  dance  was  at- 
tended by  some  2,700  people,  including 
1,800  students. 


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GO  BEYOND  THE  PRINT 


Get  links  to  online  content  related  to  Register  stories:  www.dukemagazine.duke.edu/resources. 


Engaging  Alumni 

From  networking  breakfasts  to  sports- 
viewing  parties,  the  Duke  Alumni  As- 
sociation (DAA)  offers  alumni  myri- 
ad ways  to  stay  connected  to  the  uni- 
versity through  clubs  programs  in  more 
than  100  cities  around  the  world.  Thanks  to 
the  DAA  board's  Civic  Engagement  Com- 
mittee, alumni  now  have  additional  oppor- 
tunities to  socialize  while  working  together 
on  community-based  service  projects. 

Events  in  two  pilot  cities  this  past  spring 
and  fall  were  greeted  with  enthusiasm  by  par- 
ticipants, who  represented  a  wide  range  of 
ages,  backgrounds,  and  interests.  Organizers 
of  both  pilot  programs  met  with  community 
partners  in  advance  to  identify  projects  that 
addressed  specific  needs,  and  participants 
learned  about  the  principles  of  service  learn- 
ing before  projects  got  under  way.  Both  pro- 
grams have  built-in  reflection  and  assess- 
ment components  to  help  alumni  explore 
the  implications  and  benefits  of  service  and  ^  I 
of  collaborating  with  community  groups.       1 

In  May,  the  Kansas  City  club  kicked  off  | 
the  Collegebound  program,  aimed  at  help-  " 
ing  disadvantaged  high-school  juniors  and 
seniors  navigate  the  college  admissions  pro- 
cess. (Collegebound  is  a  component  of  Op- 
eration Breakthrough,  a  nonprofit  outreach 
initiative.)  In  August,  the  Duke  volunteers 
began  helping  the  students — many  of  whom 
will  be  the  first  in  their  families  to  attend 
college — prepare  for  the  ACT  exams  and 
gather  the  necessary  paperwork:  applica- 
tions, academic  records,  letters  of  recom- 
mendation, awards,  and  honors. 

The  alumni  volunteers  are  also  helping 
the  Collegebound  students  explore  scholar- 
ship opportunities  and  have  even  taken  a 
few  to  colleges  for  campus  tours.  The  proj- 
ect will  continue  throughout  the  2008-09 
academic  year,  with  the  goal  of  becoming 
an  ongoing  initiative  similar  to  the  Duke 
Club  of  Washington's  Partnership  In  Edu-  £  | 
cation  program,  a  collaboration  with  Lud- 
low-Taylor Elementary  School  and  the  Com-  f| 
munity  Academy  Public  Charter  Schools ' 
(see  Duke  Magazine ,  May-June  2008).  Pay  it  forward:  Winston-Salem  club  volunteers,  top,  pack  high-protein  meals  for  Guatemalan  families, 

"Duke  alumni  volunteers  in  Kansas  City    while  Kansas  City  alumni  helped  local  high-schoolers  begin  the  college  admissions  process. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     January-February  2009 


are  filling  a  critical  need  in  the  lives  of  stu- 
dents whose  resources  are  limited  and  whose 
expectations  for  attending  college  are  low," 
says  Dawn  Taylor  '89,  who  helped  organize 
the  event.  "Ultimately,  these  volunteers  can 
play  a  small  role  in  preparing  Collegebound 
students  for  productive,  self-sufficient  lives." 

In  mid-October,  the  Winston-Salem  club 
organized  Stop  Hunger  Now,  a  Saturday- 
morning  event  that  brought  together  dozens 
of  Duke  alumni,  their  children,  and  volun- 
teers from  Reynolds  High  School,  where 
the  program  was  held.  Spearheaded  by  Jeff 
Howard  '76  and  Carson  Howard  '76,  the 
event  drew  more  than  sixty  volunteers,  who 
packed  10,000  high-protein,  dehydrated 
meals  bound  for  school-lunch  programs  in 
Guatemala.  The  meals  can  last  as  long  as 
five  years  and  are  easily  reconstituted  with 
boiling  water. 

When  the  last  box  was  sealed  and  la- 
beled, participants  gathered  to  hear  from 
one  of  the  volunteers,  Girish  Mishra  '88,  an 
associate  professor  of  internal  medicine  at 
Wake  Forest  University's  medical  school. 
He  told  the  group  that  the  service  project 
had  personal  resonance  for  him:  He  had 
grown  up  in  a  mud  hut  in  an  impoverished 
rural  community  in  India,  where  he  and 
other  villagers  were  lucky  to  have  one  meal 
a  day.  After  his  family  immigrated  to  the 
U.S.,  Mishra  and  his  sister,  Suman  Mishra 
Golla  '91,  eventually  earned  scholarships  to 
attend  Duke. 

"Duke  alums  from  age  seventy-two  to 
twenty-two  participated  in  this  event  and 
thoroughly  enjoyed  interacting  with  one 
another  as  we  accomplished  a  most  worthy 
goal,"  says  Jeff  Howard.  "We  had  fun,  got  to 
meet  some  great  folks,  and  made  a  real  dif- 
ference to  those  most  in  need." 

This  spring,  the  Atlanta  and  Bay  Area 
(California)  clubs  will  launch  their  own  pi- 
lot projects.  Organizers  are  working  closely 
with  local  alumni  and  nonprofit  groups  to 
determine  a  good  fit  between  volunteer  in- 
terests and  community  needs.  Encouraged 
by  the  initial  success  of  the  Kansas  City  and 
Winston-Salem  events,  members  of  the  Civic 
Engagement  Committee  will  sponsor  Civic 
Engagement  Week  in  the  fall  of  2009.  Clubs 


mrnmmmm 


Selections  from 
University  Archives 

It's  easy  to  miss  if  you're  not 
looking — rushing  from  your 
car  to  dass  or  to  a  football 
game  at  nearby  Wallace  Wade 
Stadium — but  tucked  into  one  of 
the  Blue  Zone  parking  lots  on  West 
Campus  is  a  small  cemetery. 

Though  it's  now  hemmed  in  on 
all  sides  by  the  Duke  campus,  the 
elevated  quarter-acre T.J.  Rigsbee 
Family  Graveyard,  which  dates  back 
to  the  Civil  War  era,  remains  private 
property  today. 

Throughout  the  1800s,  the  Rigs- 
bees,  a  prosperous  Durham  family, 
owned  and  farmed  much  of  the 
land  that  now  makes  up  West  Cam- 
pus. Patriarch  Jesse  Rigsbee  and  his 
wife,  Mary,  lived  on  some  200  acres 
that  are  now  mostly  covered  with 
parking  lots  and  athletic  facilities. 

The  couple  had  eight  children. 
Their  eldest  son,  Henry  Jackson 
"Jack"  Rigsbee,  died  fighting  for  the 
Confederacy  in  the  Civil  War  and, 
based  on  the  dates  on  grave  mark- 
ers, appears  to  have  been  the  first 
buried  in  the  family  plot. 

Another  son,  Thomas  J.  Rigsbee, 
returned  to  Durham  after  the  war. 
Living  in  a  log  cabin  on  what  is 
now  the  site  of  Duke's  medical  cen- 
ter, he  expanded  the  family's  prop- 
erty significantly. 

Afterhisdeathin  1917andthat 
of  his  son  Thomas  J.  Rigsbee  Jr.  in 
1 924 — they  would  be  the  last  two 
family  members  buried  in  the 


graveyard — the  heirs  sold  approx- 
imately 600  acres  of  family  land  to 
representatives  of  James  B.  Duke. 
Duke,  who  was  looking  for  an 
affordable  plot  on  which  to  estab- 
lish the  university,  paid  the 
Rigsbees  $1,000"and  other  good, 
sufficient  and  valuable  considera- 
tion." (He  had  originally  considered 
expanding  outward  from  East 


Campus,  then  the  site  of  Trinity 
College,  but  hints  that  the  college 
was  in  the  market  for  land  had 
caused  prices  to  escalate  quickly.) 

In  addition  to  price  and  exact 
dimensions,  the  deed,  signed  on 
February  25, 1925,  specifies  that 
the  cemetery  remain  the  property 
of  the  Rigsbee  family.  Over  the 
years,  the  plot  has  sometimes  fall- 
en into  disrepair.  A  Chronicle  article 
from  the  1950s  describes  over- 
turned stones  and  damage  to  the 
low  wall  that  surrounds  it. 

But  in  the  1980s,  Rigsbee 
descendents  created  a  fund  to  pro- 
vide for  the  continued  upkeep  of 
the  graves.  Today,  it  is  overseen  by 
Thomas  J.  Rigsbee's  great-grand- 
daughters. 


around  the  country  will  sponsor  their  own  Engagement  Committee  is  to  have  a  focused, 

community-service  projects,  working  with  multi-year  plan  to  introduce  the  alumni 

DAA  board  and  staff  members  on  planning  community  to  civic  engagement,"  says  Chris 

and  logistics.  O'Neill  '95,  assistant  director  of  regional 

"The  long-term  goal  of  the  Community  programming  for  the  DAA.  "We  want  to 


60 


.duke  m;i  j>a:  ine.duke.edu 


encourage  discussions  about  civic-engage- 
ment principles  and  then  provide  focused, 
community-tailored  opportunities  to  put 
those  principles  into  practice." 

Twenty-five  and  Counting 


A 


lthough  crowds  converge  on  the 
Mary  Lou  Williams  Center  for  Black 
Culture  every  Wednesday  night  to 
hear  the  syncopated  rhythms  of  the 
Duke  Jazz  Ensemble  and  other  featured  mu- 
sicians, most  audience  members  have  no  ink- 
ling of  how  this  happening  place  came  to  be. 
As  the  center  marks  its  twenty-fifth  an- 
niversary this  year,  alumni  and  friends  are 
highlighting  its  origins  in  the  civil  rights 
movement,  recognizing  those  who  have  con- 
tributed to  its  growth,  and  celebrating  its 
present-day  status  as  a  lively  campus  gather- 
ing spot. 
Most  recently,  over  Homecoming  Weekend, 


the  center  collaborated  with  the  Duke  Uni- 
versity Black  Alumni  Connection  (DUBAC) 
to  host  a  series  of  events  that  included  a  lec- 
ture on  Williams'  cultural  impact  given  by 
Tammy  Kernodle,  a  musicology  professor  at 
Miami  University  and  the  author  of  Soul  on 
Soul:  The  Life  arid  Music  of  Mary  Lou  Williams; 
an  evening  of  live  jazz;  a  formal  twenty- 
fifth-anniversary  gala;  and  a  Sunday  brunch, 
during  which  DUBAC  honored  Martina 
Bryant,  the  long-serving  associate  dean  of 
Trinity  College  of  Arts  and  Sciences,  who 
retired  this  year. 

Neil  Williams  '06,  a  teaching  assistant  in 
Duke's  Film/Video/Digital  program  who  is 
creating  a  documentary  film  about  the  cen- 
ter's history  for  release  this  spring,  capital- 
ized on  the  occasion  to  interview  alumni 
about  their  experiences  at  Duke.  (He  had 
already  spent  months  poring  over  archival 
photos  and  accounts  and  interviewing  alum- 
ni and  administrators  who  played  important 


roles  in  the  development  of  the  center.) 

He  has  traced  the  inspiration  for  the  cen- 
ter back  to  the  1967  founding  of  Duke's  first 
Afro- American  Society  and  the  1969  Allen 
Building  takeover,  during  which  black  un- 
dergraduates called  for  an  African-American- 
studies  department  and  an  increase  in  black 
student  enrollment,  among  other  things. 

In  his  interviews,  alumni  from  the  1970s 
described  having  only  an  informal  hangout 
where  they  could  go  to  find  camaraderie. 
Many  black  students  from  the  era  jokingly 
referred  to  one  corner  of  the  main  West 
Campus  dining  hall  as  the  "black  cultural 
center." 

The  Mary  Lou  Williams  Center  for  Black 
Culture  was  founded  in  1983  and  named  in 
honor  of  the  jazz  legend,  who  arranged  songs 
for  Duke  Ellington,  was  among  the  first  jazz 


Lasting  chords:  Mary  Lou  Williams 
Center  today  hosts  weekly  jazz  concerts. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     January-February  2009 


musicians  to  perform  in  Carnegie  Hall,  con- 
tributed scores  to  Dizzy  Gillespie's  big  band, 
and  worked  alongside  the  likes  of  Thelonius 
Monk  and  Bud  Powell.  Williams  served  as 
artist  in  residence  at  Duke  from  1977  until 
her  death  in  1981. 

Originally  located  in  the  basement  of  the 
West  Union  Building,  the  Mary  Lou  Williams 
center  moved  to  new  digs  in  the  old  Oak 
Room  on  the  building's  second  floor  in  2003. 

Whatever  its  location,  the  center's  core 
purpose  has  remained  constant,  says  Tor- 
raine  Williams  '93,  DUBAC's  interim  presi- 
dent. "It's  a  nice  place  for  students — any 
students,  but  particularly  minority  groups 
on  campus — to  come  and  feel  like  they  have 
a  home." 

Different  people  use  the  space  differently. 
Students  often  stop  by  to  hang  out  or  study 
between  classes,  and  student  groups  hold 


Nominations  for  the  Distinguished  Alumni 
.ward,  the  highest  honor  presented  by  the  Duke  Alumni  Association,  are  being 
accepted  for  2009.  The  honor  is  awarded  annually  to  alumni  who  have  distin- 
guished themselves  through  contributions  to  their  field  of  work,  in  service  to 
Duke  University,  or  toward  the  betterment  of  humanity.  All  living  alumni,  other 
than  current  Duke  employees,  are  eligible  for  consideration. 

Nomination  forms  are  available  online  at  www.awards.dukealumni.cor 
from  Jennifer  Torres  at  (919)  684-3055. 


ng 

I 


meetings  at  the  center.  It  also  plays  host  to 
cultural  events  like  poetry  readings,  con- 
certs, and  art  exhibitions. 

But  Neil  Williams  says  that  through  his 
interviews  he's  also  come  to  appreciate  the 
center  as  a  sort  of  cultural  reserve,  where  all 
members  of  an  increasingly  diverse  Duke 
community  can  come  to  learn  about  "Afri- 
can-American culture  and  the  African- 
American  experience." 

Homecoming  Weekend  was  an  opportu- 
nity for  many  alumni  to  reminisce  about  the 
center's  place  in  their  time  at  Duke.  Chandra 


Guinn,  the  center's  director,  says  she  talked 
with  alumni  about  their  memories  of  time 
spent  in  the  center  and  of  those  leaders  who 
made  it  possible.  Several  spoke  fondly  of 
founding  director  Ed  Hill,  who  died  in  1995, 
as  well  as  his  successors,  Leon  Dunkley  and 
C.T.  Woods-Powell.  One  alumna  from  Flor- 
ida e-mailed  a  story  about  helping  to  organ- 
ize the  center's  opening.  An  alumnus  from 
Durham  recalled  singing  alongside  Mary 
Lou  Williams  in  a  concert  in  the  late  1 970s. 
Given  the  center's  namesake,  it's  appro- 
priate that  these  days  it's  best-known  for 


Supporting  the  Duke  Student- Athlete  Since  1970 

Duke  University  takes  great  pride  in  knowing  that  our  student-athletes  embody  the  true 
spirit  of  what  college  athletics  is  all  about.  Whether  it  is  on  the  field,  in  the  classroom, 
or  in  the  community,  the  men  and  women  who  wear  the  Duke  jersey  are  without  a  doubt 
what  makes  Duke  Athletics  so  special.  For  more  information  on  how  you  can  support 
Duke's  student-athletes,  please  call  (919)  613-7575  or  log  on  to  www.IronDukes.net. 


IRON  DUKES 


R  O   N    D  U   K  E 

(919) 613-7575 


nww.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


"Jazz  at  the  Mary  Lou,"  the  weekly  jams  that 
attract  a  diverse  crowd  of  students,  faculty 
and  staff  members,  and  Durham  residents. 
Guinn,  Neil  Williams,  and  others  connect- 
ed with  the  center  say  they  relish  the  oppor- 
tunity to  make  new  memories. 

Alumni  Trustees  Nominated 

Four  alumni  have  been  nominated  to 
Duke's  board  of  trustees  by  the  execu- 
tive committee  of  the  board  of  direc- 
tors of  the  Duke  Alumni  Associa- 
tion— one  for  the  first  time,  and  three  for 
renewed  terms.  Paula  Hannaway  Crown 
'80,  Paul  Farmer  '82,  Bruce  Karsh  '77,  and 
Susan  Stalnecker  '73  will  serve  six-year 
terms,  beginning  July  1. 

Duke's  charter  calls  for  the  election  of 
one-third  of  its  trustees  by  graduates  of  the 


university.  Every  two  years,  in  odd-num- 
bered years,  the  terms  of  four  of  the  twelve 
alumni  trustees  expire.  The  DAA's  execu- 
tive committee  nominates  and  submits  a 
list  of  names  to  the  university  secretary  for 
submission  to  the  trustees.  Four  names  are 
then  approved  for  final  submission  to  the 
alumni  body,  with  additional  nominations 
permitted  by  petition. 

Crown,  a  trustee  since  2003,  is  being 
nominated  for  a  second  term.  She  is  a  prin- 
cipal of  Henry  Crown  and  Company,  a  pri- 
vate investment  firm  in  Chicago.  A  long- 
time university  volunteer,  she  served  on  the 
Trinity  College  board  ot  visitors  from  1996 
to  2001  and  the  Campaign  tor  Duke  steering 
committee  from  1997  to  2003.  In  1988,  she 
was  instrumental  in  establishing  the  Lester 
Crown  Endowment  for  Lectures  in  Ethics. 
She  is  vice  chair  of  the  trustee  facilities  and 


environment  committee  and  serves  on  the 
board  of  advisers  for  the  Nasher  Museum  of 
Art. 

Farmer  is  the  Presley  Professor  of  medical 
anthropology  in  the  department  of  social 
medicine  at  Harvard  Medical  School,  at- 
tending physician  in  infectious  diseases, 
and  chief  of  the  division  of  social  medicine 
and  health  inequalities  at  Brigham  and 
Women's  Hospital  in  Boston.  He  is  a  found- 
ing director  of  Partners  In  Health,  an  inter- 
national charity  that  provides  direct  health- 
care services  and  conducts  research  and 
advocacy  for  people  who  are  sick  and  living 
in  poverty.  Farmer  was  the  subject  of  the 
book  Mountains  Beyond  Mountains,  the  sum- 
mer reading  selection  for  the  Duke  Class  of 
2009,  and  has  received  the  university's  Hu- 
manitarian Award  and  the  Distinguished 
Alumni  Award. 


Experience  all  the  pleasures  of  our  graci< 
Inn.  Shady  pine-scented  fairways...a  sparkling 
pool. ..elegant  guestrooms  and  four-diamond 
dining.  A  warm  welcome's  waiting  for  our 
friends  from  Duke. 


Washington  Duke 
Inn  &  Golf  Club 

The  Inn  Turns 

»20~ 


3001    CAMERON    BLVD 
800.443.3853        WASHI 


DURHAM,    NC    27705 
GTONDUKEINN.COM 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     January-February  2009 


Karsh,  a  trustee  since  2003,  is  also  nomi- 
nated for  a  second  term.  He  is  president  and 
co-founder  of  Oaktree  Capital  Management, 
LLC,  an  institutional  money-management 
firm  formed  in  1995.  His  responsibilities 
include  overseeing  all  of  Oaktree's  closed- 
end  private  investment  partnership  strate- 
gies, and  serving  as  portfolio  manager  for 
Oaktree's  distressed  debt  funds.  He  earned  a 
J.D.  from  the  University  of  Virginia  School 
of  Law,  where  he  served  as  the  notes  editor 
of  the  Virginia  Law  Review  and  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Order  of  the  Coif. 

Karsh  joined  the  DUMAC  LLC  board  of 
directors  in  2002  and  was  appointed  chair 
in  July  2005.  He  is  a  member  of  the  trustee 
executive  committee  and  serves  on  the  audit 
and  business  and  finance  committees. 

Stalnecker  is  also  being  nominated  for  a 
second  trustee  term.  She  is  vice  president  of 


To  nominate  someone  for  the  DAA  board  of 
directors,  go  to  www.boardnom.dukealumni.com  and  complete  the  online  form. 
Or  you  can  send  names  and  qualifications  (no  self-nominations,  please)  to 
Sterly  Wilder  '83,  Executive  Director,  Alumni  Affairs,  Box  90572,  Durham,  NC  27708; 
sterly.wilder@daa.duke.edu.  The  deadline  is  March  1. 


finance  and  treasurer  of  E.I.  DuPont  de 
Nemours  and  Company.  Her  other  execu- 
tive roles  at  DuPont  have  included  vice 
president  of  risk  management  and  vice  pres- 
ident of  government  and  consumer  mar- 
kets. She  has  also  served  as  director  and 
treasurer  of  Conoco  U.K.  Ltd.  and  as  a  di- 
rector for  PPL  Corporation. 

Stalnecker  serves  as  a  member  of  the 
trustee  executive  committee,  chairs  the 
audit  committee,  and  is  vice  chair  of  the 
business  and  finance  committee.  She  earned 
an  M.B.A.  from  the  University  of  Penn- 
sylvania. She  and  her  husband,  Mark  E. 
Stalnecker  73,  co-chaired  the  reunion  gift 


committee  for  their  thirtieth  reunion  in 
2003. 

After  notice  appears  in  print,  alumni  may 
submit  a  petition  within  thirty  days  signed 
by  one-half  of  one  percent  (650)  of  the 
alumni  body  (130,000)  to  nominate  addi- 
tional candidates.  Send  names  and  biogra- 
phical information  by  February  27,  2009,  to 
Sterly  Wilder  '83,  Executive  Director,  Alum- 
ni Affairs,  Box  90572,  Durham,  N.C.  27708. 
Wilder  maintains  a  confidential  roster  of 
alumni  recommended  as  trustees  and  en- 
courages alumni  to  submit  nominations  to 
her  at  any  time.  The  next  election  will  take 
place  in  2011. 


ikemagazine.duke.edu 


Class  Notes 


WRITE:  Class  Notes  Editor,  Duke  Magazine, 
Box  90572,  Durham,  N.C.  27708 

FAX:  (919)  681-1659  (typed  only,  please) 

E-MAIL:  dukemag@duke.edu 

(Include  your  full  name,  address,  and  class  year.) 

CHANGE  OF  ADDRESS:  Alumni  Records, 

Box  90581,  Durham,  N.C.  27708.  Please  include 

mailing  label. 

E-MAIL  ADDRESS  CHANGES  TO: 

bluedevil@duke.edu 

NOTICE:  Because  of  the  volume  of  class  note  material 
we  receive  and  the  long  lead  time  required  for  type- 
setting, design,  and  printing,  your  submission  may 
not  appear  for  three  to  four  issues.  Alumni  are  urged 
to  include  spouses'  names  in  marriage  and  birth 
announcements.  We  do  not  record  engagements. 


Half-Century  Club 

Henry  S.  Wentz  '41  and  Mary  Whitney 

Wentz  '42  celebrated  their  65th  wedding  anniver- 
sary on  April  24,  2008.  They  met  at  a  tea  dance 
at  the  Epworth  House  on  East  Campus  in  1938. 
Since  1995,  they  have  lived  in  Willow  Valley 
Retirement  Communities  in  Lancaster,  Pa. 
He  is  the  president  of  the  Edward  Hand  Medical 
Heritage  Foundation,  which  displays  medical 
history  and  antiques  in  the  Lancaster  General 
Hospital.  She  is  active  in  many  church,  civic, 
and  health  organizations. 

John  F.  Lowndes  '53.  LL.B.  '58  has  been 
named  in  Florida  Super  Lawyers  2008.  He  practices 
at  Lowndes,  Drosdick,  Doster,  Kantor  &  Reed  in 
Orlando  and  specializes  in  real  estate. 

Harald  R.  Hansen  '55  received  an  honorary 
Doctor  of  Laws  at  Oglethorpe  University's  com- 
mencement this  past  May.  He  has  been  a  member 
of  Oglethorpe's  board  of  trustees  for  14  years.  He 
retired  as  chair,  president,  and  CEO  of  First  Union 
Corp.  of  Georgia. 

Michael  F.  Shugrue  A.M.  '57,  Ph.D.  '60  was 
awarded  an  honorary  Doctor  of  Letters  by  the 
College  of  Staten  Island. 

L.  Neil  Williams  '58,  J.D.  '61  was  appointed  to 
Atlanta's  Piedmont  Hospital  Foundation  board  of 
directors.  He  was  on  the  board  of  trustees  at  Duke 
for  many  years  and  served  as  chair  from  1983  to 
1988.  In  addition  to  his  involvement  with  the  uni- 
versity, he  has  been  a  longtime  trustee  of  the  Atlanta 
Symphony  Orchestra  and  is  a  past  chair  of  the  board 
of  the  Woodruff  Arts  Center. 

El  50th  Reunion  April  17-19 

Philip  H.  Wetzler  '59  and  his  wife,  Marni,  were 
honored  for  their  contributions  to  the  League  for 
People  with  Disabilities.  He  was  also  honored  for 
his  work  as  a  Special  Olympics  aquatics  coach.  Last 
year,  he  coached  the  U.S.  swim  team  in  Shanghai 
at  the  Special  Olympics  World  Games. 


1960s 


45th  Reunion  April  17-19 

Gary  S.  Fentin  '66  was  reapproved  as  bond  counsel 
for  the  Massachusetts  Development  Finance  Agency. 
He  is  a  lawyer  and  shareholder  of  Shatz,  Schwartz 
and  Fentin  in  Springfield,  Mass. 

M.  Lawrence  Hicks  Jr.  '67  has  been  named  to  YVk>'s 

Who  Legal:  Texas  2008.  He  practices  in  the  Dallas  office 
of  Thompson  &  Knight,  specializing  in  real-estate  law. 

Donald  B.  Poe  Jr.  '68  was  named  chair  of  the 
psychology  and  human  services  department  and  dean 
of  the  School  of  Social  and  Behavioral  Sciences  at 
Pfeiffer  University  in  Charlotte. 

]  40th  Reunion  April  17-19 

Thomas  C.  Clark  '69  received  the  Virtuoso  Award 
from  the  Concert  Attists  Guild  for  his  "service  to  the 
arts."  He  has  served  on  or  chaired  the  boards  of  vari- 
ous arts  organizations  in  the  fields  of  classical  music, 
contemporary  dance,  opera,  theater,  orchestra,  and 
public  television.  He  is  a  trustee  of  Duke  and  two 
other  colleges  and  was  president  of  the  Duke  Alumni 
Association  from  2006  to  2008. 


George  S.  "Kip"  Vosburgh  '69  and  his  wife, 
Carol  Jean,  completed  a  bicycle  ride  across  the  U.S., 
beginning  in  San  Francisco  on  June  1,  2008,  and 
ending  in  Portsmouth,  N.H.,  52  days  later. 


1970s 

Nicholas  A.  Pope  '70  has  been  named  in  Florida 
Super  Lawyers  2008.  He  practices  at  Lowndes, 
Drosdick,  Doster,  Kantor  &  Reed  in  Orlando  and 
specializes  in  real  estate. 

John  M.  Bowers  '71  released  his  36-part  lecture 
"The  Western  Literary  Canon  in  Context"  on  CD 
and  DVD.  The  seties,  which  covers  titles  from 
Gilgamesh  to  Salman  Rushdie's  Midnight's  Children, 
was  produced  through  the  Teaching  Co. 

Anita  Price  Davis  Ed.D.  '71  published  Women 
on  U.S.  Postage  Stamps,  a  book  with  200  color  photo- 
graphs of  stamps  featuring  women.  She  has  published 
several  other  scholarly  books,  including  North 
Carolina  During  the  Great  Depression,  Women  Nobel 
Peace  Prize  Winners,  and  Georgia  During  the  Great 
Depression.  She  retired  as  the  Charles  A.  Dana 
Professor  of  education  after  36  years  at  Converse 
College  in  South  Carolina. 

Cym  H.  Lowell  J.D.  '72  has  written  his  first  novel, 
Riddle  of  Berlin,  an  international  thriller.  He  is  a  tax 
lawyer  in  Dallas  who  specializes  in  international 
finance.  His  previous  writing  experience  has  included 
textbooks  and  legal  briefs  on  arcane  aspects  of  inter- 


Frances  Johnson  Wright  '72  dined  at  the 
Playboy  Mansion  in  Los  Angeles  at  the  invitation 
Hugh  Hefner.  Wright,  a  lawyer,  was  in  Beverly  Hi 
negotiating  a  film  deal  for  a  client. 


Duke  Alumni  Association 

Board  of  Directors,  2008-09 

President:  Ann  Pelham  '74 

Secretary-Treasurer:  Sterly  L.  Wilder  '83 

Past  President:  Thomas  C.  Clark '69 

Vice  Presidents: 

Matthew  F.  Bostock  '91,  Ann  Wooster  Elliott  '88 

Amy  Schick  Kenney  '96,  M.E.M  '98,  Anne  DeVoe  lawler  '75, 

Carmichael  Roberts  Jr.  '90,  Ph.D.  '95,  Hardy  Vieux  '93 

Duke  Magazine  Editorial  Advisory  Board  representative: 

Sarah  Hardesty  Bray  72 

Directors-at-large: 

Nelson  C.  Bellido  '89,  D.  Michael  Bennett  '77 

Emily  Busse  Bragg  '78 

Julie  Borger  Ferguson '81 

Artyn  Haig  Gardner  '73,  William  T.  Graham  '56 

Stacey  Maya  Gray  '95,  Peter  C.  Griffith  '78 

Roseann  Viscomi  Hassey  '83,  Jeffrey  C.  Howard  76 

Theodore  J.  Humphrey  II  B.S.M.E.  '62 

Jeremiah  O.Norton '00 

Lee  H.  Roberts  '90,  Suzanne  M.  Rose  '94 

John  D.  Ross  Jr.  '92,  Dawn  M.  Taylor  '89 

MelviaL  Wallace '85,  James  V.Walsh  74 

Samuel  W.Wang '86 

Professional  school  representatives: 

Carmichael  Roberts  Jr. '90,  Ph.D. '95 

Graduate  School  of  Arts  and  Sciences 
Wyman  Fraser  Davis  '87,  M.Div.  '95,  Divinity  School 
Elizabeth  W.  Parker  M.B.A.  '85,  Fuqua  School  of  Business 
Amy  Schick  Kenney  '96,  M.E.M.  '98 

Nicholas  School  of  the  Environment 
Timothy  R.  Davis  B.S.E.  '92,  Pratt  School  of  Engineering 
J.  Porter  Durham  Jr.  '83,  J.D.  '85,  School  of  Law 
William  Cooke  Andrews  Jr.  76,  M.D.  '80,  School  of  Medicine 
Martha  Cohn  Romney  B.S.N.  77,  School  of  Nursing 
Michael  J.  Schwartz  M.H.A.  71,  J.D.  '82, 

Graduate  Program  in  Health  Administration 
Holly  Eggert  Duchene  D.P.T.  '03, 
Graduate  Program  in  Physical  Therapy 
Faculty  representatives: 

Thomas  W.  Robisheaux  74,  Associate  Professor  of  History 
James  N.Siedow, 

Professor  of  Biology  and  Vice  Provost  for  Research 
Student  representatives: 
Alethea  Duncan  G  '12, 

President,  Graduate  and  Professional  Student  Council 
Honorary  members: 

N.  Allison  Haltom  72,  William  E.  King  '61,  A.M.  '63,  Ph.D.  70 
Suzanne  J.  Wasiolek  '76,  M.H.A.  '78,  LL.M.  '93 
Gerald  L.  Wilson  B.D.  '61,  A.M.  '68 


Presidents,  School  and  College  Alumni  Associations 

David  K.  Bucey  M.Div.  76  Divinity  School 

Robin  Tenkate  M.B.A.  '03,  Fuqua  School  of  Business 

Heather  Nixon  Stevenson  M.E.M.  '83 

Nicholas  School  of  the  Environment 
Timothy  R.  Davis  B.S.E.  '92,  Pratt  School  of  Engineering 
Kodwo  P.  Ghartey-Tagoe  J.D.  '88,  School  of  Law 
Mary  E.  Klotman  76,  M.D.  '80  School  of  Medicine 
Connie  Bossons  Bishop  B.S.N.  75,  School  of  Nursing 
Michael  J.  Schwartz  M.H.A.  71,J.D.  '82, 

Graduate  Program  in  Health  Administration 
Holly  Eggert  Duchene  D.P.T. '03 

Graduate  Program  in  Physical  Therapy 


January-February  2009 


A  very  special  place  to  live  is  now 
a  unique  place  to  retire.  Ana  it's 


Register  now  for  Summer  2009! 

www.  learn  more.  duke,  edu 


Science 

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performing  c^rts 
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Duke  Youth  Programs  offers  academic  enrichment 
programs  for  middle  and  high  school  students. 


For  more 
information, 
please  call 
684-6259 
or  email 
youth@duke.edu 


Peter  E.  Broadbent  Jr.  73  has  been  named  to 
Virginia  Super  Lau'yers  2008  for  his  distinction  in 
utilities  law.  He  has  also  been  appointed  by  the  Virginia 
General  Assembly  as  one  of  two  citizen  members  of 
the  Virginia  Bicentennial  of  the  American  War  of 
1812  Commission.  He  practices  business,  intellectu- 
al-property, government,  and  communications  law  as 
a  partner  with  Christian  &  Barton  in  Richmond. 

35th  Reunion  April  17-19 

Richard  J.  Fildes  74  has  been  named  to  Florida 
Super  Lawyers  2008.  He  focuses  on  real-estate  law  at 
the  firm  of  Lowndes,  Drosdick,  Doster,  Kantor  & 
Reed  in  Orlando. 

Samuel  B.  Johnson  A.M.  74,  Ph.D.  79  has  been 
elected  to  the  board  of  directors  of  Legal  Aid  of  North 
Carolina.  During  his  three-year  term,  he  will  serve  as 
a  representative  from  the  North  Carolina  Gay  Advo- 
cacy Legal  Alliance.  Johnson  is  a  solo  practitioner  in 
Gteensboro  and  focuses  on  family  law,  estate  plan- 
ning for  those  with  moderate  of  lower  incomes,  com- 
petency matters,  and  court-appointed  work. 

Sarah  Stanbury  Smith  A.M.  74,  Ph.D.  '80  is  the 
author  of  The  Visual  Object  of  Desire  in  Late  Medieval 
England,  published  by  the  University  of  Pennsylvania 
Press.  She  is  a  professor  at  the  College  of  the  Holy 
Cross  and  is  a  recipient  of  the  Arthur  J.  O'Leary 
Faculty  Recognition  Award. 

Laureen  DeBuono  77  has  been  appointed  presi- 
dent and  CEO  of  Coapt  Systems,  a  developer  of 
bioabsorbable  implants  for  the  plastic,  reconstructive, 
and  sports-medicine  markets.  DeBuono,  who  will  also 
sit  on  the  board  of  directors,  was  previously  the  CEO 
of  Thermage,  which  makes  medical  devices  for  aes- 
thetic applications. 
Roy  E.  Underhill  M.F.  77  is  the  author  of  The 

Woodwright's  Guide:  Working  Wood  with  Wedge  and 
Edge,  published  by  the  University  of  North  Carolina 
Press.  Underhill,  host  of  the  long-running  PBS  show 
The  WooduTight's  Shop  and  the  author  of  six  previous 
books  on  traditional  woodcraft,  lives  in  Williams- 
burg, Va. 

Leroy  Roberts  Jr.  H.  78  was  inducted  as  a  fellow 
in  the  American  College  of  Radiology.  He  is  chief  of 
the  department  of  radiology  at  Cape  Fear  Valley 
Medical  Center  and  a  clinical  associate  at  Duke 
Medical  Center. 

John  M.  Seigenthaler  78  has  joined  Seigen- 
thaler  Public  Relations  as  partner  and  CEO  of  SPR 
New  York.  He  was  anchor  of  NBC  Nightly  News 
Weekend  Edition  from  1999  to  2007,  as  well  as  substi- 
tute anchor  for  NBC  Night/}  News,  MSNBC,  Dateline 
NBC,  Today,  and  Meet  the  Press. 
Gary  Miles  Smith  78,  M.Div.  '81  is  the  rector  of 
St.  Luke's  Episcopal  Chutch  in  Lincolnton,  N.C. 

30th  Reunion  April  17-19 

Julia  L.  Frey  79  has  been  named  to  Florida  Super 
Lawyers  2008.  She  practices  with  Lowndes,  Drosdick, 
Dostet,  Kantor  &  Reed  in  Orlando  and  specializes  in 
estate-planning  and  probate  law. 

Peter  R.  Pendergast  J.D.  79  has  joined  the 
Boston  office  of  Mintz  Levin,  whete  he  will  specialize 
in  areas  including  business  and  investment  litigation, 
securities  industry  regulation,  officer-director  liabili- 
ty, and  crisis  communications.  Previously,  he  acted  as 
counsel  to  Kidder  Peabody  &.  Co.;  was  general  counsel 
of  the  Massachusetts  Turnpike  Authot ity,  where  he 
oversaw  all  legal  issues  on  the  "Big  Dig,"  the  largest 
transportation  infrasttucture  project  in  U.S.  history; 


'.dukemaga:  ine.duke.edu 


and  taught  law  in  the  strategy  and  policy  department 
of  Boston  University  School  of  Management. 

Jon  C.  Yergler  79  has  been  named  to  Florida 
Super  Landers  2008.  He  practices  with  Lowndes, 
Drosdick,  Dostet,  Kantor  &  Reed  in  Orlando  and 
specializes  in  real-estate  law. 

Robert  E.  Zom  79  is  director  of  sales  and  marketin; 
at  the  Simpson  Neely  Group,  a  consulting  firm  that 
focuses  on  the  technology  needs  of  corporate  law 
departments.  He  lives  on  a  ranch  in  Celina,  Texas. 


1980s 


Tracy  Graham-Lawson  'SO  was  elected  district 
attorney  in  Clayton  County,  Ga.  For  10  years,  she  has 
been  a  Juvenile  Court  judge. 

Eric  J.  Holshouser  J.D.  '80  has  joined  Fowler 
White  Boggs  Banker  as  a  shareholder.  Holshouser, 
who  specializes  in  labor  and  employment  law,  has 
also  been  listed  in  Best  Lawyers  in  America,  Florida 
Super  Lawyers,  and  Chambers  USA:  America's  Leading 
Lawyers  for  Business. 

Gordon  Kanofsky  J.D.  '80  has  been  named  CEO 
and  vice  chair  of  the  board  of  directors  at  Ameristar 
Casinos,  which  owns  casino  hotel  properties 
throughout  the  U.S. 

Ellen  Niehoff  Minden  B.S.N.  '80  was  promoted 
to  colonel  in  the  Ait  Force  Reserve  and  is  command- 
er of  the  349th  Medical  Squadron  at  Travis  Air  Force 
Base  in  California.  She  is  also  assistant  vice  president 
of  compliance  and  contracts  at  JFK  Medical  Centet 
in  Atlantis,  Fla.  She  and  het  husband,  Steve,  live  in 
Boca  Raton,  Fla. 

Terri  L.  Mascherin  '81  was  elected  second  vice 
president  of  the  Chicago  Bar  Association.  Mascherin, 
who  was  recently  recognized  as  one  of  the  50  Most 
Influential  Women  Lawyers  in  America,  has  served 
:  and  chair  of  the  bat  association's  finance 
i  chair  of  a  strategic-planning  commit- 
tee, and  as  a  member  of  the  board  of  managers. 

Alan  M.  Ruley  '82  has  been  named  in  Chambers 
USA:  America's  Leading  Lawyers  for  Business.  He 
practices  in  the  Winston-Salem  office  of  Bell,  Davis 
&  Pitt  and  concenttates  in  business  and  commercial 
litigation,  shareholder  and  securities  disputes, 
banking  litigation,  contracts,  employment  law,  and 
trade  secrets. 

David  M.  Sotolongo  '82  was  named  a  fellow  of  the 
Association  ot  Proposal  Management  Professionals, 
an  awatd  that  recognizes  individuals  who  have  made 
substantial  contributions  to  the  field.  He  is  vice 
president  of  business  and  proposal  development  at 
RTI  International,  a  research  institute  in  Research 
Triangle  Park. 

G.  Richard  Penny  Ph.D.  '83  was  named  vice 
chancellor  for  advancement  and  external  relations 
at  the  University  of  Washington- Bothell.  He  will 
direct  the  external  and  donor  relations  of  the 
institution,  as  well  as  oversee  development,  public 
relations,  alumni  relations,  and  gove 
community  affairs. 


25th  Reunion  April  17-19 


Howard  A.  Burde  '84  was  appointed  ro  the  boari 
of  directors  of  the  Healthcare  Information  Manage- 
ment Systems  Society.  Burde,  who  leads  the  health- 
law  practice  at  Blank  Rome,  focuses  on  health- 
information  technology,  health-insurance  and 
managed-care  law  issues,  and  licensure.  He  also  sits 


After  twenty-five  years  as 
a  reporter  and  editor  at 
77>eftov  for*  77mes,  Fred 
Andrews,  now  seventy, 
may  have  seemed  an  unlikely  can- 
didate for  the  Southampton  Fire 
Department.  That  didn't  stop  him 
from  joining  up  in  2005,  making 
him  the  oldest  rookie  in  the  all-vol- 
unteer force's  recorded  history. 
Andrews  has  lived  in  South- 
ampton on  the  east  end  of  Long 
Island,  New  York,  for  five  years. 
Before  joining  the  fire  department, 
he'd  never  spent  much  time  think- 
ing about  becoming  a  firefighter, 
he  says.  But  after  9/11 ,  when  the 
good  work  of  firefighters  became 
the  center  of  national  attention, 
and  after  watching  firefighters 
march  in  Southampton's  annual 
Fourth  of  July  parade,  Andrews 
decided  he'd  look  into  it. 

The  department  wasn't  immedi- 
ately responsive.  Although  South- 
ampton has  an  upscale  resort  repu- 
tation, Andrews  says  in  reality  it's 
"basically  a  blue-collar  community 
with  a  resort  attached."  Many  of 
the  village's  firefighters  come  from 
families  that  have  served  the 
department  for  generations,  and  it 
can  be  difficult  for  newcomers  to 
break  in. 


Andrews  persisted  and  soon 
was  completing  the  107  hours  of 
state-mandated  training,  both  in 
the  classroom  and  at  the  Suffolk 
County  Fire  Academy's  boot  camp. 
There  he  spent  evenings  climbing 
ladders,  crawling  through  a  maze 
blindfolded,  and  entering  buildings 
with  simulated  fire  conditions  (ac- 
tual smoke  and,  sometimes,  flames). 
Often,  he  completed  these  exercis- 
es while  wearing  heavy  gear. 

Going  into  burning  buildings 
is"a  young  person's  game," says 
Andrews,  so  he  works  as  what  he 
calls  "fire  police,"  controlling  traffic 
at  the  scenes  of  accidents  and  fires 
and  helping  the  firefighters  change 
their  oxygen  tanks.  Though  the 
force  has  seen  its  share  of  serious 
blazes,  most  of  the  calls  they  re- 
ceive are  false  alarms  or  smaller 
fires  started  in  trash  bins  or  as  the 
result  of  cooking  problems,  light- 
ning, or  other  mishaps.  The  depart- 
ment also  responds  to  motor-vehi- 
cle accidents. 

Andrews  says  living  in  a  small 
community  without  a  single  paid 
firefighter  helps  him  appreciate  the 
importance  of  the  fire  department. 
"You  realize  that's  all  you've  got,  so 
you  have  to  put  a  lot  into  it,"  he 
says.  "It's  quite  remarkable  as  a 


form  of  public  service." 

Recently,  Andrews' own  public 
service  has  extended  into  the  polit- 
ical arena.  Last  year  he  was  elected 
one  of  five  commissioners  of  the 
Southampton  Fire  District,  the 
body  responsible  for  fire  protection 
in  the  suburbs  surrounding  the  vil- 
lage of  Southampton. 

A  political-science  major  at 
Duke  and  a  former  editor  of  The 
Chronicle,  Andrews  still  consults  for 
the  77mes  on  various  projects,  serv- 
ing as  principal  editor  of  the  news- 
paper's ethical  guidelines,  among 
other  roles.  (For  many  years  he  was 
amemberofthe/MeAta/az/ne 
Editorial  Advisory  Board.) 

While  he  calls  his  work  there  "a 
very  good  gig,"  Andrews  says  he 
hopes  his  time  at  the  Southampton 
Fire  Department  continues  well 
into  the  future.  In  addition  to  his 
new  friends  from  the  force,  he  says, 
he  enjoys  the  physical  aspects  of 
the  work.  Plus,  he  says,  "They  say 
the  only  difference  between  men 
and  boys  is  the  price  of  their  toys. 
And  the  fire  department  has  some 
pretty  expensive  toys." 

— Lucas  Schaefer 

Schaefer  '04  is  a  freelance  writer 
living  in  Austin,  Texas. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     January-February   2009 


on  the  editorial  hoards  of  the  Journal  of  Health  Law 
and  the  BNA  Health  Law  Reporter. 

Joel  H.  Levitin  '84  has  joined  Cahill  Gordon 
&  Reindel  as  a  partner  in  New  York.  His  practice 
focuses  on  corporate  restructuring  and  reorganization. 
He  is  a  prolific  author  and  frequent  speaker  on  bank- 
ruptcy and  related  topics. 

Mary  Stenson  Scriven  '84,  the  first  black  woman 

to  serve  as  a  federal  magistrate  judge,  was  nominated 
to  become  a  U.S.  District  Court  judge  for  the  Middle 
District  of  Florida.  She  has  presided  over  several 
prominent  cases  in  Florida,  including  one  that  linked 
a  parking  attendant  to  the  Gambino  crime  family 
and  a  bribery  case  against  a  retired  Army  colonel  at 
Special  Operations  Command. 


Robert  H.  Jackson  never 
went  to  college  and 
couldn't  afford  law 
school.  But  inspired  by  a 
Democrat  grandfather  who  loved 
politics,  a  rigorous  work  ethic  in- 
stilled at  a  young  age,  and  a  lively 
intellect  fueled  by  voracious  read- 
ing habits,  Jackson  rose  to  interna- 
tional heights  of  power  and  respect. 

In  her  new  book,  tfobfrvf  W. 
Jackson:  New  Deal  Lawyer,  Supreme 
Court  Justice,  Nuremberg  Prosecutor, 
Gail  Jarrow  writes  about  the  only 
American  in  history  to  serve  as 
solicitor  general,  attorney  general, 
and  Supreme  Court  justice.  Jackson 
was  also  the  chief  U.S.  prosecutor 
for  the  Nuremberg  Trials,  delivering 
a  riveting  four-hour  opening  state- 
ment and  overseeing  a  prosecution 
team  of  twenty-three  lawyers. 

Although  written  for  a  young- 
adult  audience,  Jarrow's  book  pro- 
vides readers  of  all  ages  with  a 
gripping  account  of  Jackson's  per- 
sonal life,  as  well  as  his  lasting  in- 
fluence on  U.S.  and  international 
law.  It  also  presents  a  sweeping 
narrative  about  the  upheavals  and 
transformations  of  the  world  dur- 
ing the  first  half  of  the  twentieth 
century. 


"When  I  started  researching  the 
book, !  discovered  that  lawyers  and 
people  in  government  knew  who 
Jackson  was,  but  not  many  other 
people  did.  He  helped  shape  gov- 
ernment decisions  during  an  in- 
credible period  of  our  history — the 
Great  Depression,  FDR  and  the  New 
Deal,  World  War  II,  the  Nuremberg 
Trials,  and  Brown  v.  Board  of  Educa- 
tion. And  his  writings  and  decisions 
are  still  relevant  today." 

Jarrow  notes,  for  example,  that 
in  the  build-up  to  World  War  II,  the 
Justice  Department  was  authorized 
to  tap  phone  calls  and  investigate 
activities  of  people  deemed  suspi- 
cious. Jackson  supported  the  need 
to  be  vigilant  against  espionage 
and  sabotage,  but  warned,  "In  the 
process  of  upholding  democratic 
ideals,  we  must  not  unwittingly 
destroy  or  impair  what  we  are . . . 
endeavoring  to  preserve." 

Jarrow  spent  hours  in  the 
Library  of  Congress  researching  the 
book,  and  worked  closely  with  the 
Robert  H.Jackson  Center  in 
Jamestown,  New  York.  Among  the 
pleasant  surprises  she  happened 
upon  in  the  process  was  the  discov- 
ery that  Jackson  received  an  hon- 
orary degree  from  Duke  in  1 949. 


When  the  book  was  published 
last  spring,  the  Jackson  Center 
sent  two  copies  of  Jarrow's  book  to 
each  of  the  current  Supreme  Court 
justices,  asking  them  to  keep  one, 
and  sign  and  return  the  other 
for  its  archives.  Nearly  all  of  the 
justices  have  done  so,  and  several 
have  included  personal  accounts 
of  the  ways  in  which  Jackson 
has  influenced  their  own  lives. 
(The  late  Chief  Justice  William 
Rehnquist  was  a  law  clerk  with 
Jackson,  and  current  Chief  Justice 
John  Roberts,  in  turn,  clerked  with 
Rehnquist.  Sandra  Day  O'Connor 
has  called  Jackson  "one  of  the 
finest  justices  ever  to  sit  on  the 
bench  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 
the  United  States.") 

A  zoology  major  at  Duke,  Jarrow 
credits  an  elective  history  course 
with  Anne  Firor  Scott  as  pivotal  to 
her  understanding  of  the  impor- 
tance of  primary  research.  It's  a 
lesson  that  continues  to  guide  her 
career.  She  recently  spent  time  in 
the  university's  Rare  Book,  Manu- 
script, and  Special  Collections 
Library,  conducting  research  for  her 
next  book,  on  Civil  War  spy  balloons. 

— Bridget  Booher 


Eric  Meier  B.S.E.  '86  received  the  2008  Ernst  & 
Young  Enttepreneur  of  the  Year  award  in  the  Pacific 
Northwest.  Meier,  the  president  and  CEO  of  Calypso 
Medical  Technologies,  was  honored  in  the  health- 
services  and  life-sciences  category  and  was  eligible 
for  consideration  for  the  national  award. 

Rebecca  A.  Kohler  '87  has  been  named  vice  pres- 
ident for  external  affairs  at  IntraHealth  International, 
a  Chapel  Hill-based  global-health  otganization 
dedicated  to  increasing  access  to  quality  health-care 

g  services  in  communities  in  Africa,  Asia,  Eurasia, 

I  and  Latin  America. 

f  Maurice  O.  "Mo"  Green  '88,  J.D.  '91  has  been 
5  named  superintendent  of  the  Guilford  County 
(N.C)  school  system.  He  will  be  the  first  African 
American  to  lead  the  district  and  was  previously 
deputy  superintendent  and  chief  operating  officer  for 
the  Chatlotte-Mecklenburg  (N.C.)  school  system. 


20th  Reunion  April  17-19 

Harry  E.  Wyatt  Jr.  M.B.A.  '89  has  been  named 
associate  vice  ptesident  for  facilities  at  Ohio  Univer- 
sity. He  lives  in  Athens,  Ohio,  with  his  wife,  Jaine, 
and  their  two  sons. 

BIRTHS:  Third  child  and  second  daughter  to 
Russell  D.  Owen  '84,  Ph.D.  '89  and  Elizabeth 
Harris  Owen  '85  on  June  30,  2008.  Named  Molly 
Virginia. .  .Third  child  and  first  son  to  Donald  T. 
Saunders  '85  and  Cynthia  Saunders  on  April  4, 
2006.  Named  Ryan. .  .First  child  and  daughter  to 

Roberta  Gonzalez  Oyakawa  BSE.  '86  on  May 
15,  2008.  Named  Madeline  Nicole... Second  child 
and  son  to  Jason  M.  Mahler  '87  and  Kimberly  H. 
Colton  on  July  1 1 ,  2008.  Named  Joseph  Michael 
Mahler... Third  child  and  first  son  to  Stephen  Kay 
Slayden  '88  and  Tiffany  Becks  Slayden  '91  on 
May  19,  2008.  Named  Stephen  Kay  Slayden  Jr. 


1990s 


Donna  Alice  Mensching  '91  is  a  diplomats  of 
the  American  Board  of  Veterinary  Toxicologists  and 
a  senior  toxicologist  at  the  ASPCA  Animal  Poison 
Control  Center  in  Urbana,  111. 

Jason  L.  Rapp  '91  has  joined  the  board  of  direc- 
tors of  New  York  City  Outward  Bound,  an  independ- 
ent nonprofit  organization.  He  is  also  the  new  CEO 
ofGifts.com. 

Xiaobing  Tang  Ph.D.  '91  is  the  author  of  Origins 
of  the  Chinese  Avant-Garde:  Trie  Modern  Woodcut 
Movement,  published  by  the  University  of  California 
Press.  Tang  is  professor  of  Chinese  in  the  depattment 
of  East  Asian  languages  and  cultures  at  the  Univer- 
sity of  Southern  California. 


iww.d  uke  magazine,  duke.edu 


Chad  T.  Sarchio  '92  was  promoted  to  chief  of  the 
Drug  Enforcement  Administration's  International 
Law  Section.  He  was  also  elected  to  serve  as  presi- 
dent of  the  Taylor  Run  Citizens'  Association  for 
2008-09.  He  lives  in  Alexandria,  Va.,  with  his  wife, 
Christina,  and  two  children. 

15th  Reunion  April  17-19 

Jinky  Ang  Rosselli  '94  has  joined  Talecris 
Biotherapeutics  as  deputy  director  of  U.S.  marketing. 
She  previously  worked  with  Novartis  Pharmaceuticals 
in  marketing  research. 

Kelly  N.  Sprinkle  M.Div.  '94  has  been  named  the 
interim  dean  of  Hendricks  Chapel  at  Syracuse  Uni- 
versity. An  ordained  minister  in  the  United  Church 
of  Christ,  Sprinkle  was  previously  the  university's 
Protestant  chaplain. 

Liza  Dabbs  '95  is  the  founder  of  Dahbs  Law  Firm,  an 
Atlanta-area  firm  specializing  in  employee  benefits. 

Alyson  Gabbard  Wilson  Ph.D. '95  was  elected 
one  of  53  fellows  of  the  American  Statistical 
Association,  a  prominent  professional  statistical  soci- 
ety. This  position  recognizes  leadership  and  outstand- 
ing professional  contributions  in  the  field. 
O.  Maria  Baratta  '96  has  been  elected  partner  in 
the  law  firm  of  Kilpatrick  Stockton  in  Atlanta.  She 
practices  in  the  firm's  intellectual-property  depart- 
ment and  specializes  in  client  counseling,  clearance, 
international  and  domestic  trademark  prosecution, 
and  enforcement  and  infringement  litigation. 
Chris  G.  Campbell  '96  has  been  named  the  assis- 
tant women's  basketball  coach  at  the  University  of 
Delaware,  after  serving  as  an  assistant  coach  at 
Marymount  University  for  the  past  three  seasons. 
Douglas  R.  CobOS  '96  worked  on  a  team  of  three 
scientists  who  developed  soil  probes  and  an  instru- 
ment that  controls  them  for  mounting  on  the  digging 
arm  of  NASA's  Phoenix  Lander.  The  Phoenix  Lander 
was  launched  on  Aug.  4,  2007,  and  the  probes  have 
successfully  delivered  Martian  soil  to  the  lander  for 
analysis.  Cobos  works  for  Decagon  Devices  Inc. 
David  H.  Dorsey  '96  has  begun  operating  under 
Alden  Global  Capital,  a  subsidiary  hedge  fund  of 
Smith  Management.  Dorsey,  who  has  worked  for 
Smith  Management  since  2002,  is  based  in  Dubai, 
although  he  also  maintains  a  residence  in  New  York. 

Denise  Gough  J.D.'97  was  promoted  to  vice  presi- 
dent, legal  affairs  for  Scripps  Networks'  Great  Ameri- 
can Country  cable  network.  Gough  is  involved  in 
Women  in  Cable  Telecommunications,  the  Tennessee 
Bar  Association,  and  the  Knoxville  Bar  Association. 
She  serves  on  the  board  of  directors  for  the  Academy 
of  Business  &  Finance  at  Austin  East  High  School  in 
Knoxville  and  is  a  membet  of  the  bar  in  Tennessee, 
Georgia,  and  the  District  of  Columbia. 

Jennifer  G.  North  '98  is  an  associate  in  the  busi- 
ness-law depattment  of  Cozen  O'Connor's  New  York 
office.  Before  joining  the  firm,  she  worked  as  real- 
estate  director  and  counsel  for  UBS. 
Emily  Thomas  '98  earned  a  D.O.  with  honors  from 
the  West  Virginia  School  of  Osteopathic  Medicine. 
She  is  planning  a  residency  in  internal  medicine  at 
Carilion  Roanoke  Memorial  Hospital  in  Roanoke,  Va. 


10th  Reunion  April  17 -19 


Bertha  Charmeka  Bosket  '99,  M.P.P.  01  was 

appointed  a  member  of  the  South  Carolina  Education 
Oversight  Committee.  Bosket  is  directot  of  legislative 
and  political  analysis  at  the  South  Carolina  Business 


and  Industry  Political  Education  Committee.  She 
was  appointed  business  tepresentative  to  the  Senate 
Education  Committee  by  committee  chair  state 
Sen.  John  Courson  ot  South  Carolina. 

Trina  Santomauro  Lisko  '99  will  join  Med  Rehab 
and  Spine  Associates,  a  pain-management  practice  in 
southern  New  Jersey,  following  the  completion  of  her 
residency.  She  lives  in  Collingswood,  N.J.,  with  her 
husband,  Andrew,  and  their  two  sons. 

MARRIAGES:  Karen  Litsinger  '91  to  Dominic 
Crapuchettes  on  May  25,  2008.  Residence:  Bethesda, 
Md....John  L.  Seelke  III  '96  to  Clare  Ribando  on 
May  26, 2007.  Residence:  Takoma  Park,  Md. .  Dierdre 
Antoinette  Conley  B.S.E.  '97  to  Todd  Vamess  on 
May  25,  2008.  Residence:  Madison,  Wis...  Jennifer 


Johnson  B.S.E.  '99  to  Jason  Brownlie  on  May  31, 
2008.  Residence:  Atlanta.    Benjamin  Powell  '99  to 
Diane  Takata  on  June  2 1 ,  2008.  Residence:  Chapel  Hill. 

BIRTHS:  Third  child  and  first  son  to  Amanda 
Beck  Freedman  '90  and  Daniel  Scott  Freedman 
on  July  3,  2008.  Named  Elliott  Jacob... First  child  and 
son  to  Amanda  Mink  Murrell  '90,  MAT.  '92  and 
David  G.  Murrell  on  May  21,  2008.  Named:  Charles 
Grafflin... First  child  and  son  to  Cheryl  Lee  Bell 
'91  and  Robert  J.  Bechtold  on  Nov.  23,  2007.  Named 
Cole  Robert  Bechtold. .  .Third  child  and  first  son  to 

Tiffany  Becks  Slayden  91  and  Stephen  Kay 

Slayden  '88  on  May  19,  2008.  Named  Stephen  Kay 
Slayden  Jr... .First  child  and  son  to  Kristine  Abbott 
Campbell  '92  and  Harry  Campbell  on  May  9,  2008. 
Named  Matthew  Abbott. .  .Second  child  and  daughtet 


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For  a  visit  and  complimentary  lunch,  call  Carol  Roycroft  at 
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DUKE  MAGAZINE     January-February  2009 


TWENTY  YEARS  OF  LEADERSHIP 

IN  TECHNOLOGY  AND  INNOVATION  MANAGEMENT 


EMTM 

EXECUTIVE  MASTER'S  IN  TECHNOLOGY  MANAGEMENT 


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Washington,  DC  -  Thursday,  February  12 

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to  Timothy  R.  Davis  B.S.E.  '92  and  Ruth  Davis  on 
May  27,  2008.  Named  Rieka  Judith  Jacqueline... First 
child  and  daughter  to  Peter  M.  Nicholas  Jr.  '92, 
M.B.A.  '98  and  Christina  D.  Nicholas  on  June  20, 
2008.  Named  Alexandra  Ann. .  .Third  child  and  sec- 
ond son  to  John  Patrick  Rodgers  B.S.E  '92  and 
Margaret  Best  Rodgers  B.S.E.  '93  on  May  21, 
2008.  Named  Mirabel  Genevieve... Second  child  and 
son  to  Elizabeth  Jamisen  Sandler  '92  and  Steven 
D.  Sandler  on  Oct.  28,  2007.  Named:  Brody  Pringle. . . 
Third  child  and  second  son  to  Margaret  Best 
Rodgers  B.S.E  '93  and  John  Patrick  Rodgers 
B.S.E.  '92.  Named  Mirabel  Genevieve... Second 
child  and  daughter  to  David  Walter  Choate 
B.S.E  '94  and  Anne  Fahrig  Choate  '95  on  July  2, 
2008.  Named  Grace  Miller... Third  child  and  son  to 
Joshua  Goldberg  '94  and  Andrea  Kirshen- 
baum  Goldberg  '96  on  May  7,  2008.  Named  Ian 
Zachary. .  .Third  child  and  second  son  to  Julie 
DeBolt  Moeller  '94  and  Karl  Moeller  on  March 
14,  2008.  Named  Aksel  Bernhardt... Second  child 
and  first  daughter  to  Jinky  Ang  Rosselli  '94  and 
Richard  T.  Rosselli  on  April  17,  2008.  Named: 
Gabriella  Josephine... Second  child  and  daughter  to 
Anne  Fahrig  Choate  '95  and  David  Walter 
Choate  B.S.E  '94  on  July  2,  2008.  Named  Grace 
Miller. .  .Second  child  and  son  to  Liza  Dabbs  '95  and 
Walt  Gebelein  on  Feb.  13,  2007.  Named  William 
James. .  .First  child  and  son  to  Tiffany  McFerrin  Foa 
'95  and  Justin  Foa  on  July  17,  2008.  Named:  Max 
Justin... Second  child  and  son  to  Nicholas  How- 
land  '95  and  Malou  Howland  on  March  26,  2008. 
Named:  Lukas  Frederiksen... First  child  and  daughter 

to  Rachel  Kramer  Lawrence  '95  and  Thomas  J. 

Lawrence  on  Aug.  17,  2007.  Named  Alexandra  Lee... 
Second  child  and  son  to  Michelle  Crisci  Meyer- 
cord  '95  and  John  D.  Meyercord  '95  on  April  5, 
2008.  Named  Nicholas  Alvis. .  .Second  child  and  first 

son  to  Ashwini  Kamath  Vaidya  '95  and  Atul 
Vaidya  on  March  27,  2008.  Named  Nikhil  Atul. .. 
First  child  and  daughter  to  Joshua  Brown  '96  and 

Marantha  Beatty-Brown  on  June  2,  2008.  Named: 
Emerson  Carys  Brown. .  .Third  child  and  son  to 

Andrea  Kirshenbaum  Goldberg  '96  and 
Joshua  Goldberg  '94  on  May  7,  2008.  Named 
Ian  Zachary. .  .First  child  and  son  to  Nancy  Schae- 
fer  Long  '96  and  Jeremiah  Long  on  April  3,  2008. 
Named  Graham  Jeremiah. .  .Third  child  and  son  to 
Heather  Johnson  Sargent  '96  and  John  H. 
Sargent  on  Aug.  28,  2007.  Named  Philip  Howard. . . 
Second  child  and  daughter  to  Daniel  A.  Cohen 
'97  and  Jennifer  F.  Cohen  '97  on  June  27,  2008. 
Named  Cecilia  Caitlin. .  .Second  child  and  daughter 
to  Michael  D.  Dunn  M.E.M  '97  and  Theresa  S. 
Dunn  on  June  1 3 ,  2008.  Named  Anna  Theresa. . . 
Second  child  and  first  son  to  Richard  S.  Woods 
'98,  M.B.A.'04  and  Jennifer  M.  Woods  on  March  2, 
2008.  Named  Eli  Lewis. .  .Second  child  and  first 
daughter  to  Brittany  Boldt  Burnett  '99  and 
Joseph  M.  Burnett  B.S.E.  '99,  M.B.A.  '05  on 
May  2,  2008.  Named  Tess  Paulina. ..First  child  and 
son  to  Drew  Everhart  '99  and  Robin  Smith 
Everhart  '00  on  June  20,  2008.  Named  Jack  Robert. . . 
Second  child  and  first  son  to  Stacy  Moramarco 
Levy  '99  and  Craig  Levy  on  May  27,  2008.  Named 
Jack  Maxwell. .  .Second  child  and  son  to  Trina 
Santomauro  Lisko  '99  and  Andrew  Lisko  on 
March  18,  2008.  Named  Thomas  Joseph. 


2000s 


Daniel  P.  Berry  M.B.A.  '01  was  recognized 
as  Professional  of  the  Year  by  the  National 
Association  nt  Federal  Credit  Unions.  He  is  COO 


.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


of  the  Duke  University  Federal  Credit  Union. 

Donna  J.  Ryan  M.S.N.  '01  has  been  elected  to  a 
two-year  term  on  the  hoard  of  directors  of  the 
National  Association  of  Neonatal  Nurses.  Ryan  is 
clinical  research  coordinator  and  pediatric  clinical 
instructor  at  Duke's  School  of  Nursing. 
Rhonda  Nesmith  Crichlow  M.P.P.  '02  received 
the  Tribute  to  Women  in  Industry  Award  from  the 
Central  New  Jersey  YWCA.  Executive  director  of 
philanthropy  and  community  development  at 
Novartis  Pharmaceuticals,  she  also  serves  on  the 
board  of  trustees  of  the  Human  Needs  Food  Pantry 
in  New  Jersey. 

Kelly  Marie  Dirks  '02  received  her  M.B.A.  from 
Georgetown  University's  McDonough  School  of 
Business  in  May.  She  was  invited  to  join  the  Beta 
Gamma  Sigma  International  Honor  Sociery. 
liana  Morgan  Forbes  '02  has  been  named  by  the 
American  Veterinary  Medical  Association  as  a  state 
policy  analyst.  She  will  be  working  to  help  state  and 
allied  veterinary-medical  associations  influence  and 
shape  state  legislation. 

Brad  McMinn  02  and  Melanie  Truesdale 

McMinn  '02  arc  tundra i si n<z  tor  the  Jimmy  V. 
Foundation  in  honor  of  Melanie's  cousin  Ashton,  a 
two-year-old  with  leukemia.  The  couple  donate  their 
funds  to  a  Duke  pediatric  cancer  researcher.  Melanie 
is  a  physician  specializing  in  internal  medicine.  They 
live  in  Charlotte  with  their  daughter,  Ashlyn. 
Everett  Stuart  Palmer  Spain  M.B.A.02  was 
selected  to  be  a  2008-09  White  House  Fellow,  one  of 
14  recipients  chosen  by  the  President's  Commission 
on  White  House  Fellowships  to  participate  in 
America's  most  prestigious  fellowship  program  for 
leadership  development  and  public  service.  Spain 
is  a  major  in  the  Army.  He  recently  returned  from 
18  months  as  aide-de-camp  to  the  Commanding 
General,  Multi-National  Force  in  Iraq.  He  and  his 
wife,  Julia,  have  four  children. 

Dana  C.  Upton  '02  received  her  Ph.D.  in  molecular 
genetics  and  genomics  from  Wake  Forest  University. 
She  plans  to  research  human  chromosomes  and 
cancer  at  Wake  Forest  School  of  Medicine. 

Sara  Beth  ZivitZ  '02  received  an  M.B.A.  in  June 
2008  from  Harvard  Business  School.  She  lives  in 
New  York  and  works  with  NBC  Universale  Digital 
Media  group. 

Matthew  T.  Phillips  M.Div.  '03  has  been  appoint- 
ed assistant  dean  of  business  of  the  Babcock  Graduate 
School  of  Management  at  Wake  Forest  University. 

5th  Reunion  April  17-19 
Andrew  de  la  Ronde  Van  Kirk  04  received  an 

M.Div.  from  Princeton  Theological  Seminary. 

Martin  Sullivan  '04  has  received  one  of  a  dozen 
grants  awarded  by  the  Univetsity  of  Southern  Cali- 
fornia Public  Interest  Law  Foundation,  a  student- 
run  nonprofit  organization.  Sullivan  plans  to  use 
the  gtant  for  his  summer  work  with  the  Legal  Aid 
Society  of  New  York's  criminal  practice  division. 

Ashley  M.  Carlson  '05  has  received  a  2008  Rap- 
paport  Summer  Public  Policy  Fellowship  from  Harvard's 
Rappaport  Institute  for  Gteatet  Boston.  She  will  wotk 
for  state  representative  Alice  Wolf  on  issues  related 
to  early  education  and  health  care.  Carlson's  previous 
experience  includes  serving  as  a  program  evaluator 
for  the  Centers  for  Disease  Control  and  Prevention 
and  working  for  Teach  For  America  in  the  Rio 
Grande  Valley  in  Texas. 


oor  eye  contact  and 
fleeting  smiles  often  give 
a  liar  away,  experts  say. 
Yet  Bil  Lepp,  a  man  of 
steady  eye  contact  and  easy  smiles, 
is  not  just  a  known  liar,  but  a  cham- 
pion liar.  A  five-time  winner,  in  fact, 
of  the  West  Virginia  Liars  Contest,  a 
featured  storyteller  of  the  National 
Storytelling  Festival,  and  a  regular 
on  the  storytelling  circuit. 

"My  stories  aren't  true,  but 
they're  honest,"  Lepp  says.  For  a 
preacher,  even  one  known  as"the 
lying  pastor/'that's  important. 

Lepp,  who  was  a  minister  from 
1997  to  2001  at  United  Methodist 
churches  in  Meadow  Bridge  and 
Dunbar,  West  Virginia,  has  always 
been  a  storyteller.  He  entered  his 
first  West  Virginia  Liars  Contest  in 
1990  at  the  age  of  twenty,  inspired 
by  the  success  of  his  older  brother, 
Paul,  who  has  since  died."We  com- 
peted against  each  other  four  or 
five  years,"  he  says.  "I  only  beat  him 
once,  though." 

By  his  own  account,  his  appreci- 
ation for  narrative  was  the  reason 
he  got  into  preaching  in  the  first 
place.  "One  of  my  principal  motiva- 
tors for  going  into  the  ministry  was 
that  I  was  tired  of  bad  sermons," 
he  says. 

Studying  with  Duke  Divinity 
School  professors  James  "Mickey" 
Efird  Ph.D. '62  and  Richard  Lisher, 


Lepp  came  to  appreciate  the  Bible's 
narrative  power."!  realized  I  had  a 
text  I  had  to  work  with,  and  if  I 
changed  the  story  too  much,  it  lost 
its  value  as  a  Christian  document," 
Lepp  says. 

After  Duke,  with  his  own  con- 
gregation, Lepp  had  little  time  to 
craft  full-blown  stories,  so  he  settled 
for  spicing  up  his  sermons.  Some 
didn't  think  his  humor  belonged  in 
a  Methodist  church,  but  most 
enjoyed  it,  even  the  kind  of  tangy 
remark  Lepp  makes  in  defense  of 
tall  tales  at  the  pulpit:  "Several  of 
the  disciples  were  fisherman,  so, 
obviously,  Jesus  liked  liars." 

Although  he  still  serves  as  a 
guest  preacher  at  churches  of  many 
denominations  across  the  country, 
Lepp  has  been  a  full-time  story- 
teller since  2003.  It's  his  style  to 
exaggerate  unabashedly  in  the 
familiar  vein  of  Paul  Bunyan  and 
Pecos  Bill.  He  meanders  through 
details  that  seem  like  distractions. 
But  everything  matters,  and  he 
weaves  every  unlikely  happen- 
stance and  every  hyperbolic  partic- 
ular— a  train  driven  by  Chuck 
Yeager  moving  at  Mach  1;  his 
three-foot  long,  one-foot  wide,  six- 
inch  high  dog;  a  seventy-fourfunc- 
tion  Swiss-army-type  knife  that 
includes  a  grappling  hook  and  hot- 
glue  gun — into  his  finale. 

Lepp  is  one  of  about  100  people 


in  the  country  who  work  as"full- 
time  tellers"  and  travel  the  festival 
circuit,  about  200  gatherings 
nationwide  mostly  in  the  spring 
and  fall.  During  the  slower  seasons, 
he  does  corporate  speaking, 
keynote  addresses,  dinner  per- 
formances, and  concerts;  works  as 
an  educator  in  schools  and  work- 
shops; records  his  work  to  award- 
winning,  G-rated  CDs;  and  writes. 
His  first  novel,  Halfdollar,  based  on 
a  made-up  childhood  shared  with 
his  real-life  best  friend  and  fellow 
Duke  Divinity  graduate,  Scott 
"Skeeter" Williams  M.Div.  '98,  A.M. 
'03,  is  to  be  published  in  2009.  You 
can  find  out  more  about  Lepp  and 
hisworkatwww.buck- 
dog.com./indexA.htm. 

Lying  boys  come  from  lying 
families,  it  seems.  Lepp,  who  grew 
up  in  South  Charleston,  West 
Virginia,  relishes  the  oral  tradition 
of  his  native  Appalachian  country. 
His  grandfather,  he  says,  "was  just 
a  master." 

"The  facts  always  changed.  And 
we  knew  it  was  always  up  to  the 
listener  to  decide  what  was  true. 
That  as  the  storyteller,  you  should 
use  whatever  you  could  get  away 
with  for  entertainment  value." 

— Daphne  Rubert  Howland 

Howland  '87  is  a  freelance  writer 
living  in  Portland,  Maine. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     January-February   20C' 


Stellar  Faculty 
on  Board 


Educational  Adventures 

for  Duke  alumni,  family,  and  friends 


Your  passport  to  learning,  featuring  programs: 

♦  for  all  ages,  including  families  and  young  alumni 
for  a  wide  range  of  interests  and  activity  levels 

♦  with  Duke  faculty  or  expert  guides 


Island  Life  in  Tahiti 
&  French  Polynesia 
February  1-9 

Sail  the  South  Seas  aboard  the 
S.Y.  Star  Flyer.  View  stone  temples 
on  Huahine,  visit  tropical  Moorea, 
and  savor  Bora  Bora. 

Exotic  North  India 
February  9-25 

Journey  to  Delhi,  Agra,  Udaipur, 
and  the  desert  cities  of 
Jodhpur  and  Jaipur.  Admire 
the  Taj  Mahal  and  look  for  tigers 
in  Ranthambore  National  Park. 

Antarctica 
February  18-March  3 

Voyage  during  the  austral  summer. 
Cruise  ice-filled  channels, 
observing  penguin  rookeries  and 
viewing  minks,  humpbacks, 
and  orcas.  (includes  round-trip 
airfare  between  Buenos  Aires 
and  Ushuaia) 

Duke  in  Depth: 
Bloomsbury 
Vision  &  Design 
February  27-28 

Come  back  to  campus  for  a 
weekend  celebrating  the  iconic 
Bloomsbury  Group.  Highlights 
include  an  exclusive  viewing 
of  the  Nasher's  exhibition  of 
Bloomsbury 


?    V- 


The  Blue  Voyage: 
Legendary  Turkey  & 
the  Turquoise  Coast 
April 29-May  14 

Experience  Istanbul,  explore  the 
ruins  of  Troy,  Pergamum,  and 
Ephesus.  Cruise  on  a  privately 
chartered  quiet  yacht  for  five  days. 

Nasher  Travel:  Chicago 
April  30-May  4 

Join  collectors,  curators,  and  art 
enthusiasts  at  Art  Chicago,  the 
international  fair  of  contemporary 
and  modern  art.  You  have  access 
to  special  collections,  museum 
tours,  and  exclusive  events, 
plus  the  best  accommodations. 

Cruise  from 
Singapore  to  Dubai 
April  30-May  18 

Trace  the  spice-trade  route  across 
the  Indian  Ocean.  Embark  the 
Crystal  Harmony  in  Singapore  and 
see  Phuket,  Myanmar,  and  India. 
In  Dubai,  explore  the  "City  of  Gold.' 

Duke  Marine  Lab 
Weekend  I  &  II 
May  15-17,  September 

The  North  Carolina  seashore 
is  your  classroom.  Explore 
such  environmental  topics 
as  dolphins,  sea  turtles, 
and  our  changing  coastline. 


Duke 
tional 
Gateway 


Peru,  Machu  Picchu 
March  12-19 

Peru  is  where  vast  Incan 
civilizations  flourished.  Enjoy 
cosmopolitan,  colonial  Lima. 
From  Cuzco,  visit  temples 
and  Andean  villages,  and 
Machu  Picchu. 


ftti 


Director  of 
Graduate  Studies, 
Classical  Studies, 
Professor  of 
Ancient  History 


Berlin,  Bach  &  the 
Treasures  of  Dresden 
May  17-28 

Travel  through  Berlin  and  eastern 
Germany  taking  in  rebuilt  cities 
and  historic  castles.  Pay  homage 
to  Bach  in  Leipzig,  Goethe  in 
Weimar,  and  finish  in  Dresden. 

Fabled  Islands 

of  the  Mediterranean 

May  26-June  5 
From  the  coasts  of  Spain  and 
Greece,  see  the  Roman  ruins  of 
Porto  Vecchio  and  Sardinia's 
Su  Nuraxi.  You'll  cruise  aboard 
the  Corinthian  II,  with  stops 
on  Menorca,  Sicily,  and  Malta. 


Weekend  Rafting  Getaway 
May  29-June  1 

Spend  two  days  rafting  Class 
III-IV  Whitewater  during  the 
Salmon  River's  spring  season  in 
Idaho.  Stay  one  night  in 
a  camp  and  two  nights  at  the 
Little  Salmon  Lodge.  No  prior 
rafting  experience  is  necessary. 
Ages  16  and  up. 

Family-Friendly  Italy 
June  4-12 

Bring  your  children  and  grand- 
children on  this  trip.  Stand  in  the 
Roman  Forum,  view  the  Botticellis 
at  the  Uffizi  in  Florence,  and 
explore  St.  Mark's  Square  in  Venice 


www.dukepassport.com 


www.bloomsburyatduke.com 


www.dukereads.com 


Nasher  Travel: 
Venice  Biennale 
June  13-22 

Take  advantage  of  an  exclusive 
tour  of  this  world-class 
contemporary  art  exhibition. 
Explore  the  best  of  Venice 
with  private  tours  and  events 
arranged  just  for  you. 

Multi-Sport 
Adventure  in  Idaho 
June  28-July  5 

Our  family-friendly  adventure 
offers  activities  such  as 
Whitewater  rafting,  kayaking, 
fishing,  hiking,  horseback 
riding,  golf,  and  more.  Bring  the 
entire  family,  ages  7  and  older. 

Cruise  the  Passage 
of  Peter  the  Great 
July  4-17 

Trace  the  steps  of  Peter  the 
Great.  Visit  art  collections  in 
the  Hermitage  Museum  in 
St.  Petersburg.  On  the  cruise, 
you'll  experience  the  architecture 
of  Kizhi  Island,  Goritsy,  and 
Yaroslavl.  Sail  the  Volga  River 
from  Uglich  to  Moscow. 


Voyage  to  the  Lands 
of  Gods  &  Heroes 
July  7-18 

Discover  the  Mediterranean 
through  your  children's  eyes. 
Explore  Athens,  Santorini, 
Rhodes,  and  Crete.  Journey  to 
Pompeii,  Diros's  mysterious 
caves,  and  ancient  Olympia. 


.nashertravel.com 


Alaska  Discovery 
August  12-19 

Depart  from  Vancouver  for 
southeast  Alaska  aboard  the 
Seven  Seas  Manner.  Alaska's 
mountains  rival  the  Alps,  its 
fjords  surpass  Norway's,  its 
glaciers  are  outnumbered  only 
by  Greenland's  and  Antarctica's, 
and  its  marine  life  is  boundless. 

Celtic  Lands 

August  22-September  2 

Immerse  yourself  in  Celtic 
history  aboard  the  deluxe  M.S. 
Le  Diamant.  Cruise  around 
the  islands  of  Scotland,  along 
the  coast  of  England,  Wales, 
and  northern  France. 


Kilimanjaro  Climb 
August  29-September  5 

Mount  Kilimanjaro  is  Africa's 
highest  peak  and  the  highest 
stand-alone  mountain  in  the 
world.  This  will  be  once-in-a- 
lifetime  ascent.  (Can  be 
combined  with  Serengeti  and 
Zanzibar  Explorer,  below) 

Young  Alumni: 
China  Passage 
September  4-13 

Travel  with  young  alumni  and 
friends  (up  to  age  35)  to  China, 
land  of  legends,  architectural 
wonders,  diverse  landscapes, 
and  monumental  social  and 
economic  changes. 

Serengeti  & 
Zanzibar  Explorer 
September  5-14 

Discover  the  best  of  Tanzania's 
game  parks  and  wildlife. 
Enjoy  a  safari  in  Lake  Manyara 
National  Park,  Serengeti 
National  Park,  and  the 
Ngorongoro  Crater.  Relax 
on  beaches  in  Zanzibar. 
(Can  be  combined  with 
Kilimanjaro  Climb,  above) 

Oxford  Experience 
September  6-19 

Rediscover  being  a  student  again. 
Choose  your  course,  with  classes 
in  the  morning  and  related  field 
trips  in  the  afternoon.  Explore  the 
wonders  of  this  university  town. 


rSrimva*r"  i 
Aravamudan  f 

Professor  of  English, 
Director  of  the 
Franklin  Humanities 


Flavors  of  Burgundy 
&  Provence 
October  3-14 

Paris,  Provence,  and  the  French 
Riviera  come  alive  on  this  journey. 
Begin  with  two-nights  in  Paris, 
cruise  the  Saone  and  Rhone 
rivers  aboard  the  Avalon  Scenery, 
and  end  with  a  night  in  Nice. 

China  Connoisseur 
&  Tibet 
October  5-21 

Discover  the  history  and  cultures 
of  China  and  Tibet.  Explore 
the  Forbidden  City,  the  Great  Wall, 
and  the  Terra  Cotta  Warriors. 
Visit  pandas  in  Chengdu  and 
travel  to  Lhasa,  Tibet. 

Egypt  &  the  Eternal  Nile 
October  16-November  1 

Begin  in  Cairo  visiting  the 
Pyramids  of  Giza,  the  Sphinx, 
Memphis,  Sakkara,  Old  Cairo, 
and  the  Egyptian  Museum. 
Cruise  on  Lake  Nasser,  and 
enjoy  a  classic  Nile  voyage 
that  takes  you  from  Aswan  to 
Luxor  and  Alexandria. 

Tanzania  Family  Safari 
December  22,  2009- 
January  3,  2010 

This  is  a  wonderful  chance  for 
your  family  to  go  into  the 
wilds — safely  and  comfortably. 
Knowledgeable  guides  will 
help  you  explore  Tarangire, 
Ngorongoro,  and  the  Serengeti. 


Duke 

ALUMNI    ASSOCIATION 


EDUCATION    &    TRAVEL 


All  itineraries  and  prices 
are  subject  to  change. 


The  Duke  Alumni  Association 
and  the  Nasher  Museum  of  Art  are 
co-sponsoring  arts-related  tours, 
both  domestic  and  foreign,  featuring 
museum  experts  and  behind-the- 
scenes  access  to  galleries  and 
collections.  See  the  best  of  Chicago's 
galleries  in  the  spring  and  the 
riches  of  the  Venice  Biennale  in  the 
summer,  www.nashertravel.com 


Consider  us  your  gateway  to 
educational  programs  offered  by 
Duke  schools,  institutes,  centers,  and 
academic  departments,  plus  a  wide  ( 
range  of  summer  camps  for  young 
people,  adult  education  sessions,  and 
health  and  wellness  opportunities. 
www.educ-gateway.dukealumni.com 


2009 


)S 


Please  send  information  on  the  following  programs: 


O  Tahiti,  French  Polynesia 

O  Idaho:  Multi-Sport 

O  North  India 

O  Russia:  Peter  the  Great 

O  Antarctica 

O  Lands  of  Gods,  Heroes 

O  Duke  in  Depth:  Bloomsbury 

O  Alaska 

O  Peru,  Machu  Picchu 

O  Celtic  Lands 

O  Turkey, Turquoise  Coast 

O  Kilimanjaro  Climb 

O  Nasher  Travel:  Chicago 

O  Young  Alumni: 

O  Singapore,  Dubai  Cruise 

China  Passage 

O  Duke  Marine  Lab 

O  Serengeti,  Zanzibar 

Weekend  1 

O  Duke  Marine  Lab 

O  Berlin,  Dresden 

Weekend  II 

O  Fabled  Islands 

O  Oxford  Experience 

O  Idaho:  Rafting 

O  Burgundy,  Provence 

O  Family-Friendly  Italy 

O  China,  Tibet 

O  Nasher  Travel: 

O  Egypt,  the  Nile 

Venice  Biennale 

O  Tanzania  Family  Safari 

r  visit  www.dukepassport.com 


DUKE  CLASS  YEAR 


www.educ-qateway.dukealumni.com 


Mail  to:  Duke  Alumni  Association 

Education  &  Travel 

Box  90572,  Durham,  NC  27708-0572 

or  fax:  (919)  660-0148  or  phone:  (919)  684-2988 


Jonathon  Bristol  Fisher  '06  has  been  selected  to 
participate  in  the  Japan  Exchange  and  Teaching 
Program.  He  will  spend  one  year  immersed  in 
Japanese  culture  as  an  assistant  language  teacher  in 
Hiroshima  Prefecture. 

Daniel  B.  Englander  08  is  vice  president  of 
Shoeboxed,  a  company  that  offers  online  organiza- 
tion of  receipts  and  other  documents  for  small  busi- 
nesses and  independent  users.  The  company  was 
founded  in  2006  by  Taylor  Mingos  '07. 

Robert  Justin  Papadakis  '08  has  been  appoint- 
ed to  Developers  Diversified  Realty's  management 
training  program.  The  program,  which  takes  18 
months  to  complete,  was  designed  to  create  experi- 
enced commercial  real-estate  leaders. 


MARRIAGES:  Laurie  Frances  Sapperstein 

'00  to  Marc  Howlett  on  May  25,  2008.  Residence: 
Chapel  Hill. ..Laura  M.  Whaley  00  to  Jason  E. 
Morrow  '01  on  May  2,  2008.  Residence:  Arlington, 
Va... Ashley  Suzanne  D'Uva  03  to  Michael 
Perry  on  June  7,  2008.  Residence:  New  York. . . 
Ashley  Elizabeth  Ruff  03  to  Stanley  Tyler 
Hollmig  '04  on  March  10,  2007.  Residence:  Dallas... 
Audra  LeAnn  Eagle  06  to  Andy  Sung  Bin 
Yun  '06  on  July  26,  2008.  Residence:  Los  Angeles. 

BIRTHS:  First  child  and  son  to  Robin  Smith 
Everhart  '00  and  Drew  Everhart  '99  on  June  20, 
2008.  Named  Jack  Robert. .  .Second  child  and  first 
daughter  to  Shannon  Magaw  Thomas  '01  and 
R.  Simmons  Thomas  '01  on  Feb.  1,  2008.  Named 
Cora  Katherine. 


Deaths 


Allan  W.  Herdman  A.M.  '31  of  Sarasota,  Fla.,  on 
May  22,  2008.  The  director  of  corporate  employee 
programs  at  General  Motors,  he  moved  to  Florida 
after  his  retirement.  He  wrote  publications  in  the  fields 
of  industrial  safety  and  employee  relations  and  also 
taught  in  various  universities  in  the  U.S.  and  abroad. 

Edna  H.  Love  Adams  '34  of  Concord,  N.C.,  on 
June  7,  2008.  She  worked  for  May  Hosiery  and 
Burlington  Mills  in  Burlington,  N.C.  In  Rye,  N.Y., 
she  was  an  active  volunteer  for  many  organizations, 
including  the  Girl  Scouts  of  America,  Planned 
Parenthood,  and  the  Red  Cross  Bloodmobile.  She 
was  also  an  ad  hoc  member  of  the  board  of  directors 
of  the  Friends  of  the  Library.  She  is  survived  by  a 
daughter,  Judith  Adams  Galitski  '62,  and  a  son. 

Mary  Yarbrough  Brinkmeyer  '35  of  Raleigh,  on 

May  14,  2008.  She  was  a  member  of  many  organiza- 
tions, including  the  National  Society  of  the  Colonial 
Dames  of  America,  the  Junior  League  of  Washington, 
the  Mayflowet  Society,  and  the  Order  of  the  Crown  in 
America.  She  is  survived  by  a  daughter,  Elizabeth 
Brinkmeyer  Graham  '67;  a  son,  Robert  H. 
Brinkmeyer  '73;  five  grandchildren,  including  Nancy 
Graham  Ford  '97;  and  four  great-grandchildren. 

Elizabeth  Shands  Dell  '35  of  Orlando,  Fla.,  on 

May  31,  2008.  She  owned  and  operated  Window 
Decor,  one  of  the  first  design  studios  in  Gainesville, 
Fla.  She  is  survived  by  two  daughters;  four  grandchil- 
dren; eight  great-gtandchildten;  and  a  cousin, 
Thomas  K.  Townsend  '80. 

Margaret  Hassell  Griffin  '35  of  Greenbrac, 
Calif.,  on  March  23,  2008. 
Edward  Walter  Smith  Jr.  '36  of  Sonora,  Calif., 
on  April  19,  2008.  After  graduating  from  Duke  with 
a  major  in  sociology,  he  earned  his  B.D.  from  Union 


Theological  Seminary  in  New  York.  He  is  survived 
by  his  wife,  Sally;  two  daughters;  and  two  sons. 
Roger  H.  Wall  '37  of  Winter  Park,  Fla.,  on  Feb.  27, 

2007.  He  was  a  tennis  player  at  Duke  and  a  Navy  vet- 
eran of  World  War  II.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife, 
Sonia;  a  daughter;  three  sons;  a  sister;  six  grandchil- 
dren; two  great-grandchildren;  and  a  niece, 

Marianne  C.  Jacobi  07. 

Genevieve  Tolson  Dunn  '38  of  Raleigh,  on  May  6, 

2008.  In  New  Bern,  N.C,  she  was  co-chair  of  the  Good 
Neighborhood  Council,  which  focused  on  improving 
race  relations,  and  was  chair  of  the  Craven  County- 
school  board.  She  is  survived  by  two  sons,  including 
Glenn  T.  Dunn  '66;  two  daughters;  and  a  brother. 

Sarah  A.  Wilson  Eckbert  R.N.  '38  of  Winter 
Park,  Fla.,  on  May  12,  2008.  She  was  an  active  member 
of  the  Cramerton  Presbyterian  Church  in  Cramerton, 
N.C,  and  the  Gaston  County,  N.C,  Republican 
women's  organization.  She  is  survived  by  her  husband, 
William  F.  Eckbert  M.D.  '39;  a  son;  and  a  daughter. 

Jean  Dipman  Sutton  '38  of  Hendersonville, 
N.C,  on  April  10,  2008.  She  worked  as  a  department- 
store  buyer  before  becoming  a  homemaker.  A  writer 
and  painter,  she  published  several  articles  in  Reader's 
Digest.  She  is  survived  by  her  husband,  Ken;  three 
sons;  a  daughter;  three  stepchildren;  eight  grandchil- 
dren; and  four  great-grandchildren. 

Arnold  L.  Field  M.D.  '39  of  Baltimore,  on  June  8, 
2008.  He  was  retired  from  his  private  gynecology  prac- 
tice. He  is  sutvived  by  his  wife,  Marion,  and  a  daughter. 

Elsie  Gangle  Foster  R.N.  '39  of  Gilmanton  Iron 
Works,  N.H.,  on  Feb.  18,  2006.  She  worked  as  a  nurse 
at  Duke  Hospital  and  Memorial  Hospital  in  Worcester, 
Mass.,  and  as  a  private-duty  nurse.  After  retiring  from 
nursing,  she  worked  as  a  librarian  at  Shrewsbury  (Mass.) 
Public  Library  and  ran  a  doll  hospital.  She  is  survived 
by  her  husband,  Elliot  O.  Foster  Jr.  J.D.  '40;  a 
son;  a  daughter;  a  sister;  and  three  grandsons.  . 

Gertrude  E.  Gilliland  '39  of  Jacksonville,  Fla.,  on 
July  2,  2008.  A  writet  and  attist,  she  was  an  early 
contributot  to  Kalliope  magazine,  the  literary  maga- 
zine of  Pennsylvania  State  University.  She  is  survived 
by  her  mother  and  a  brother. 

Jean  Fraser  O'Sullivan  '39  of  Stratford,  Conn., 
on  April  30,  2008.  A  lawyer,  she  practiced  with  the 
Wall  Street  firm  of  Emmet,  Marvin  and  Martin.  She 
was  the  first  president  of  Family  Services-Woodport, 
a  nonprofit  human-services  agency  for  families  in  the 
Bridgeport,  Conn.,  area.  She  is  survived  by  her  hus- 
band, a  son,  and  two  daughters. 

Martha  Crocker  Roehrig  '39  of  St.  Petersburg, 
Fla.,  on  June  4,  2008.  During  World  War  II,  she 
joined  the  Red  Cross  and  served  in  the  South  Pacific. 
She  is  survived  by  her  husband,  WD. 

Ernestine  Malone  Bitting  R.N.  '40  of 
Columbia,  S.C.,  on  May  11,  2008.  She  worked  as  a 
nurse  in  the  Veterans  Hospital  and  in  several  doctors' 
offices  in  Durham.  For  many  years,  she  ran  the  nurses' 
registry  in  Durham.  She  then  moved  to  Columbia, 
S.C.,  where  she  worked  at  the  South  Carolina  State 
Hospital  until  her  retirement.  She  is  survived  by 
three  sons,  a  brother,  and  two  grandchildren. 

Donn  Eugene  Kinzle  '40  of  Phoenix,  on 

Oct.  2,  2006.  He  worked  with  Kinzle  Antiques, 
Art,  and  Appraisal.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife, 
Regeania;  four  daughters;  two  sons;  two  stepdaugh- 
ters; and  18  grandchildren 
Clifford  Reginald  Hinshaw  Jr.  A.M.  '41  of 
Clover,  S.C.,  on  May  27,  2008.  After  receiving  his 


master's  degree,  he  became  a  pilot  and  flight  instruc- 
tor with  the  Civilian  Pilot  training  program  and  con- 
tinued flying  and  instructing  in  the  Atmy  Air  Corps. 
In  1949,  he  moved  to  Clover,  S.C.,  and  joined  M.L. 
Ford  and  Sons  Funeral  Home  and  the  Ford  Chevrolet 
dealership,  where  he  worked  until  retirement.  He  is 
survived  by  his  wife,  Beth;  a  daughter;  three  grand- 
children; and  two  great-grandchildren. 

Oscar  Floyd  Johnson  A.M.  '41  of  Charlotte,  on 
May  30,  2008.  He  taught  math  and  coached  football, 
basketball,  and  baseball  for  43  years  at  Stony  Brook 
School  on  Long  Island,  N.Y.  He  also  served  as  the 
school's  athletics  director  for  27  years.  He  is  survived 
by  two  sons  and  four  grandchildren. 

Susan  Warren  Yeager  '41  of  Binghamton,  N.Y., 
on  May  11,  2008.  During  World  War  II,  she  served  as 
a  nurse  at  the  65th  General  Hospital  in  England  and 
was  honorably  discharged  in  1946.  She  was  president 
of  the  Broome  County  Republican  Women's  Club  in 
Binghamton,  N.Y.,  and  worked  in  the  county  elec- 
tions office.  She  is  survived  by  four  sons  and  a  brother. 

Mary  Elizabeth  Smith  Bartlett  '42  of  Lisle,  111., 

on  Jan.  24,  2008.  She  majored  in  economics  at  Duke. 
She  is  survived  by  two  daughters  and  a  son. 

Virginia  Seymour  Davison  '42  of  Miami,  on 

May  27,  2008.  She  was  a  field  secretary  for  her  sorori- 
ty, Zeta  Tau  Alpha,  and  a  member  of  many  organiza- 
tions, including  the  Metro-Dade  Library  Board  and 
the  Miami  Panhellenic  Association.  She  is  survived 
by  a  son  and  two  gtandchildren. 

Louis  H.  Fracher  '42  of  Fishersville,  Va.,  on  June 
12,  2008.  In  1942,  he  was  commissioned  as  an  ensign 
in  the  Navy  Reserve  and  assigned  to  the  Amphibious 
Forces  in  the  Pacific  Theater  from  1943  to  1945. 
After  a  brief  career  in  public  relations,  he  was 
ordained  as  an  Episcopal  priest  in  1955.  He  retired 
from  active  ministry  in  1984  and  became  a  clinical 
pastoral  counselor  in  substance  abuse,  working  in 
Charlottesville,  Va.,  until  his  second  tetirement  in 
1990.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Patricia;  three  sons; 
a  daughter;  two  stepdaughtets;  a  stepson;  seven 
grandchildren;  and  two  great-grandchildren. 

Emily  Smither  Long  Reid  '42  of  Greensboro,  on 
April  28,  2008.  She  was  an  active  member  of  Alpha 
Delta  Pi  sorority  and  volunteered  with  Mobile  Meals 
and  with  the  Red  Cross  blood  drive.  She  is  survived 
by  her  husband,  David;  two  sons,  John  D.  Long 
'69  and  Thomas  S.  Long  71;  and  a  daughter. 

Sue  Barrett  Stolcis  '42  of  Springfield,  Va.,  on 
April  23,  2008.  She  was  a  practicing  clinical  social 
worker  for  more  than  50  years.  She  was  appointed  to 
the  fitst  State  Board  of  Social  Work  in  Virginia  in 
1982  and  served  until  1991,  acting  as  chair  for  two 
years.  In  1982,  she  opened  a  private  practice  and,  in 
1992,  was  named  Social  Worker  of  the  Year  by  the 
Virginia  chapter  of  the  National  Association  of 
Social  Workers.  She  is  survived  by  her  husband, 
Louis;  a  daughtet;  and  a  son. 

Alice  Booe  Bimel  '43  of  Cincinnati,  on  June  30, 
2008.  She  was  a  member  of  the  first  docent  class  at 
the  Cincinnati  Art  Museum,  the  first  chair  of  the 
museum's  Women's  Committee,  and  the  first  woman 
member  of  the  board  of  trustees.  She  also  served  on 
the  board's  executive  committee.  Bimel  received  the 
George  Rieveschl  Award  for  her  years  of  service  at 
the  museum,  and  the  museum's  interior  courtyard  was 
named  in  her  honor.  She  is  survived  by  her  husband, 
Carl,  and  a  sister,  Esther  Booe  Pardue  '62. 

Albert  W.  Dunn  '43  of  Hilton  Head,  S.C.,  on 
June  7,  2008.  He  enlisted  in  the  Army  Air  Force 


nv.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


Reserve  and  was  called  to  active  duty  his  senior  year 
at  Duke.  As  a  pilot,  he  flew  48  missions  in  Italy  and 
southern  Europe.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Theresa; 
two  sons,  including  Stephen  R.  Dunn  72;  and  a 
daughter,  Christie  Dunn  Miller  B.S.N.  74. 
David  E.  Hambsch  '43  of  Baltimore,  on  Aug.  14, 
2007.  He  retired  from  the  Maryland  State  Highway 
Administration  as  assistant  chief.  He  is  survived  hy 
his  wife,  Virginia;  a  son;  and  a  granddaughter. 

John  B.  Ricketts  Jr.  B.S.M.E.  '43  of  Oak  Harbor, 
Wash.,  on  April  24,  2008.  He  was  assigned  as  a  sen- 
ior-grade officer  aboard  destroyers  in  the  Pacific  until 
1946  and  remained  in  the  Navy  Reserve  until  1956.  He 
joined  E.I.  du  Pont  de  Nemours  and  Co.  in  research 
and  development  and  subsequently  worked  for  six 
years  with  Sylvania  Aviation  Services.  He  is  survived 
by  his  wife,  Patricia;  two  sons;  four  stepchildren;  six 
grandchildren;  nine  great-grandchildren;  and  three 
great-great-grandchildren. 

Octavia  McRae  Schoolfield  '43  of  Durham,  on 
May  7,  2008.  She  managed  real-estate  interests  in  the 
Sandhills  region  of  North  Carolina.  She  is  survived 
by  three  sons,  including  Henry  Schoolfield  III 

74;  two  grandsons;  and  two  granddaughters. 

Ann  Roess  Shelton  '43  of  Culleoka,  Tenn.,  on 
May  19,  2008.  She  volunteered  at  Maury  Regional 
Hospital  in  Columbia,  Tenn.,  and  was  a  member  of 
the  Quaestio  club,  mahjong  club,  Maury  County 
Garden  Club,  James  K.  Polk  Memorial  Association, 
and  the  board  of  trustees  of  the  Rose  Hill  Endow- 
ment Association.  She  is  survived  by  three  daughters, 
a  son,  two  granddaughters,  two  grandsons,  and  three 
great-grandchildren. 


James  Kenneth  Thomas  Sr.  '43  of  Greensboro, 
on  May  5,  2008.  A  World  War  II  veteran,  he  contin- 
ued to  serve  in  the  Navy  Reserve  after  the  war,  retir- 
ing after  23  years  with  the  rank  of  commander.  He 
was  a  plant  manager  for  Boren  Clay  Products  Co.  in 
Goldston,  N.C.,  until  1962,  when  he  became  the  vice 
president  of  personnel  and  public  relations  at  Boren's 
Pleasant  Garden,  N.C.,  office.  Later  he  was  managing 
director  of  the  Carolinas  Concrete  Masonry  Associa- 
tion. He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Vivian;  three  sons; 
two  brothers;  two  sisters;  and  three  grandchildren. 

Roy  E.  Bell  B.D.  '44  of  Concord,  N.C.,  on  May  27, 
2008.  He  spent  many  years  preaching  to  congrega- 
tions in  the  Western  North  Carolina  United 
Methodist  conference.  He  is  survived  by  three  sons, 
five  grandchildren,  and  three  great-grandchildren. 

John  Shue  Hamman  '44  of  Harrisburg,  Pa.,  on 
June  27,  2008.  During  World  War  II,  he  served  in  the 
Navy,  and  following  the  war,  he  graduated  from  the 
University  of  Pittsburgh  Medical  School.  He  was  a 
captain  in  the  Army  Medical  Corps  during  the  Korean 
War.  He  served  as  executive  director  and  co-founder  of 
the  American  Board  of  Quality  Assurance  and  Utili- 
zation Review  Physicians  for  seven  years.  He  is  sur- 
vived by  his  wife,  Betty;  a  son;  two  daughters;  a  sister; 
eight  grandchildren;  and  three  great-grandchildren. 

William  E.  Rowe  Jr.  M  '44  of  Tyler,  Texas,  on 
April  20,  2008.  He  practiced  pediatric  medicine  in 
Tyler  from  1952  until  his  retirement  in  2001.  He  is 
survived  by  his  wife,  Joy;  a  son;  two  daughters;  a  step- 
son; a  stepdaughter;  tour  grandchildren;  two  step- 
grandchildren;  and  several  great-grandchildren. 

Roy  L.  Smart  Jr.  '44  of  Charlotte,  on  June  5, 


2008.  He  served  in  the  Navy  for  two  years  during 
World  War  II.  He  was  employed  for  38  years  by 
Mathieson  Alkali  Works  (now  Olin  Corp.)  and 
retired  in  1985  as  southeast  regional  sales  manager. 
He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Florence;  two  daughters; 
three  sons,  including  Lee  W.  Smart  '82;  a  sister; 
and  16  grandchildren. 

John  S.  Brand  '45  of  Glasgow,  Ky„  on  March  4, 
2008.  For  35  years,  he  was  a  research  psychologist 
and  training  evaluator  for  the  Army  Soldier  Support 
Center  at  Fort  Harrison  in  Indianapolis.  He  served 
with  the  Army  in  Europe  and  the  Philippines  during 
World  War  II.  He  is  survived  hy  a  daughter,  a  brother, 
a  grandson,  two  step-grandchildren,  and  five  great- 
grandchildren. 

Lee  N.  Collier  '45  of  Fort  Worth,  Texas,  on  June  5, 
2008.  He  was  an  architect  and  tool-design  engineer. 
During  his  career,  he  contributed  to  the  Saturn  space 
program  in  New  Orleans  and  several  aerospace  and 
automated  system  programs  in  the  Dallas-Fort  Worth 
area.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Joyce;  a  son;  a  broth- 
er; a  granddaughter;  and  a  great-granddaughter. 

Ella  Colley  Greer  B.S.N.  '45,  R.N.  '45  of  Jackson- 
ville, Fla.,  on  June  21,  2  COS.  Artcr  working  as  a  nurse, 
she  became  a  nursing  instructor  at  James  Walker 
Memorial  Hospital  in  Wilmington,  N.C,  and  at  St. 
Vincent's  Hospital  School  of  Nursing  in  Jacksonville, 
Fla.  She  retired  in  1986.  She  is  survived  by  a  daugh- 
ter, two  sons,  a  brother,  eight  grandchildren,  and 
numerous  great-grandchildren. 

Joan  O'Neal  Groves  '45  of  Temecula,  Calif.,  on 
April,  24,  2007.  At  Duke,  she  was  a  member  of  Pi 
Beta  Phi  sorority. 


Recent  legislation  renews  a  temporary 
provision  that  allows  donors  age  70  Vi 
or  older  to  make  a  direct,  tax-free  rollover 
of  up  to  $100,000  from  a  traditional 
or  Roth  IRA  to  a  qualified  charitable 
organization  such  as  Duke— but  only  until 
the  end  of  2009.  A  direct  rollover  will 
be  much  better  for  most  donors  than  a 
taxable  withdrawal  followed  by  a  gift. 

To  learn  more  about  charitable  IRA 
rollovers  and  other  "tax-wise"  giving 
opportunities,  please  visit  giving. duke, 
edu/giftplanning  or  contact: 


Duke  University  Office  of  Gift  Planning 

Box  90600,  Durham,  NC  27708 

Phone  (919)  681-0464 

Fax      (919)684-9731 

Email   gift.planning@dev.duke.edu 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     January-February  2009 


William  J.  Scanlon  Sr.  B.S.M.E.  '45  of  West 
Windsor,  N.Y.,  on  April  26,  2008.  He  was  in  the  V-12 
program  at  Duke.  In  1950,  he  earned  a  J.D.  from 
Cornell  University  and  practiced  law  for  58  years.  He 
was  a  founding  partner  of  the  law  firm  Scanlon  & 
Vetrano.  He  is  survived  hy  his  wife,  Sandra;  four  sons; 
a  daughter;  three  sisters;  13  grandchildren;  and  three 
great-grandchildren. 

James  H.  Turner  '45  of  Tampa,  Fla.,  on  May  20, 
2008.  He  served  in  the  Navy  from  1944  to  1946  and 
in  the  Navy  Reserve  from  1949  to  1960.  After  his 
father  retired,  he  hecame  the  head  of  the  family  busi- 
ness, Turner  Marble  and  Granite  Co.,  retiring  himself 
in  2003.  He  was  also  a  certified  public  accountant. 
He  is  survived  hy  his  wife,  Frances;  a  daughter;  a  sis- 
ter; a  grandson;  and  two  granddaughters. 

Joseph  Frisch  B.S.M.E'46  of  Berkeley,  Calif.,  on 
June  15,  2008.  As  a  manufacturing  researcher,  he  de- 
veloped the  early  use  of  computer-aided  design  (CAD). 
His  lab  was  also  one  of  the  first  in  the  country  to  in- 
vestigate direct  numerical  control  in  design  and  man- 
ufacturing. He  was  professor  emeritus  of  mechanical 
engineering  at  the  University  of  California-Berkeley, 
where  he  taught  from  1951  until  his  retirement  in 
1985.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Joan;  a  daughter;  two 
sons;  and  a  nephew,  Cedric  F.  Walker  Ph.D.  78. 

Leroy  H.  Keller  Jr.  '46  of  Philadelphia,  on  June 
28,  2008.  He  served  as  a  corporal  in  the  Army  during 
World  War  II  and  earned  a  Bronze  Star  for  his  service 
at  the  Battle  of  the  Bulge.  For  over  30  years,  he  was 
president  and  owner  of  Lee  Keeler  Inc.,  an  advertis- 
ing agency.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Helen;  a  son, 
Leroy  H.  Keeler  III  74;  a  daughter;  a  brother;  and 
two  grandchildren. 

Johnsie  Curry  Kosinski  R.N.  '46  of  Riverside,  N.C., 
on  June  28,  2008.  For  many  years,  she  worked  as  a 
nurse  in  Orange  County,  Calif,  before  entering  nurs- 
ing supervision.  She  retired  as  the  nursing  supervisor 
of  Martin  Luther  Hospital  in  Anaheim,  Calif  She  is 
survived  by  a  son,  a  daughter,  and  six  grandchildren. 

Nash  M.  Love  B.S.M.E.  '46  of  Greenville,  N.C.,  on 
May  24,  2008.  A  veteran  of  World  War  II,  he  served 
on  the  USS  President  Jiickxin  in  the  Pacific  theater 
and  was  invited  to  join  the  V-12  program  at  Duke. 
Aftet  working  as  a  design  engineer  and  chief  engi- 
neer for  two  companies,  he  started  his  own  company. 
From  1959  to  1990,  he  was  president  and  then  chair 
of  the  board  and  CEO  of  Nash  M.  Love  and  Associ- 
ates, an  engineeting  and  facility-planning  consulting 
company  in  Washington.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife, 
Anne  Henderson  Love  '48;  two  daughters;  a  son; 
four  grandchildren;  and  a  great-gtanddaughter. 

Jeanne  Crowell  Thorpe  Covington  '47  of 

Naples,  Fla.,  on  Dec.  12,  2006.  She  was  a  member  of 
Kappa  Alpha  Theta  sorority. 

William  E.  Dimmock  Jr.  '47  of  Woodbridge,  Va., 
on  May  8,  2008.  He  was  a  member  of  Pi  Kappa  Alpha 
fraternity.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Hilda. 

Fred  E.  Friend  '47,  A.M.  '48  of  Nashville,  Tenn., 
on  May  10,  2008.  He  was  a  Navy  veteran.  He  served 
as  a  minister  in  Chattanooga,  Tenn.,  and  as  a  professor 
of  English  at  David  Lipscomb  College,  now  known  as 
Lipscomb  Univetsity.  He  was  also  commissioner  of 
public  welfare  for  the  state  of  Tennessee  for  four 
years.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Barbara;  two  daugh- 
ters; a  son;  and  five  grandchildren. 

Gene  Swartz  MinterR.N.  '47  of  Sanford,  Fla.,  on 
March  27,  2008. 

Dorothy  J.  Nicholson  R.N.  '47  ofPlumtree, 

N.C.,  on  May  15,  2008.  She  was  a  member  of  the 


Cadet  Nursing  Corps  during  World  War  11.  She 
worked  as  a  nurse  for  40  years.  She  is  survived  by  two 
sisters-in-law,  a  nephew,  and  four  nieces. 

James  T.  Thompson  '47  of  Charlotte,  on  April 
8,  2008.  A  World  War  II  Navy  veteran,  he  retired  as 
an  electrical  engineer  from  Alltel  Corp.  He  is  sur- 
vived by  four  sons,  a  daughter  and  10  grandchildren. 

Fred  W.  Baldwin  B.S.E.  '48  of  Austin,  Texas,  on 
Nov.  15,  2007.  He  was  an  engineer  at  IBM  for  30 
years,  retiring  in  1981.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife, 
Myrtice;  two  daughtets;  and  two  grandsons. 

Ethel  W.  Howe  '48  of  Louisville,  Ky.,  on  April  28, 
2008.  For  many  years  she  worked  as  Christian  educa- 
tion director  for  Highland  Presbyterian  Church  in 
Louisville.  She  worked  in  a  similar  position  in 
Shreveport,  La.,  before  returning  to  Louisville  and 
becoming  a  social  wotker  for  the  state  of  Kentucky. 
She  is  survived  by  a  brother. 

Dan  E.  Walton  LL.B.'48  of  Palm  Beach,  Fla.,  on 
June  13,  2008.  After  four  years  in  the  Army,  he  was 
discharged  from  the  Army  Air  Corps  in  1946.  He 
worked  at  the  law  firm  of  Butlet,  Binion,  Rice  and 
Cook  until  he  was  appointed  a  Harris  County  assis- 
tant disttict  attorney  in  1953.  He  was  elected  district 
attorney  for  Harris  County,  Texas,  in  1954.  He  is  sur- 
vived by  two  sons,  a  daughter,  and  six  grandchildren. 

Esther  Marrotte  Brown  M.R.E.'49  of  Hardwick, 
Vt.,  on  Feb.  13,  2008.  She  was  ordained  an  Episcopal 
priest  and  served  as  vicar  and  then  rector  of  St.  John 
the  Baptist  Church  in  Hardwick  and  as  vicar  of  St. 
John  the  Evangelist  Church  in  Needles,  Calif.  She  is 
survived  by  her  husband,  Averell;  a  son;  a  daughter; 
three  brothers;  and  many  grandchildren. 

Lee  H.  Henkel  Jr.  '49,  J.D.  '52  of  Alpharetta,  Ga., 
on  May  30,  2008.  He  practiced  tax  and  corporate  law 
in  Columbus,  Ga.,  from  1952  to  1971  and  was  a  sen- 
ior partner  at  Swift,  Page.  Henkel  and  Chapman.  In 
1971,  he  was  appointed  the  ranking  assistant  general 
counsel  of  the  U.S.  Tteasury  Department  and  chief 
counsel  of  the  IRS.  In  1973,  he  returned  to  Atlanta 
and  practiced  tax  and  corporate  law.  He  is  survived 
by  his  wife,  Barbara  Davidson  Henkel  '52;  two 
daughtets,  including  Lynn  Henkel  75;  a  son,  Lee 
H.  Henkel  III  74;  a  brothet;  and  six  grandchildren, 
including  Tyler  Henkel  04. 

William  C.  McLean  III  '49  of  Tampa,  Fla.,  on 
April  27,  2008.  He  began  his  legal  career  in  Tampa, 
joining  his  father's  practice.  For  25  years,  he  was 
general  counsel  to  the  Tampa-Hillsborough  County 
Exptessway  Authority.  Aftet  retiring  from  the 
expressway  authority,  he  practiced  law  with  his  son. 
He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Ruthanne;  two  daughters; 
two  sons;  a  brothet;  and  five  gtandchildten. 

Michael  E.  Rudisill  B.S.E.E.  '49  of  Hendersonville, 
N.C.,  on  June  1,  2008.  He  was  a  totpedo  bombet  with 
the  Navy  Air  Corps.  He  retired  from  Western  Electric 
and  Tandy  Corp.  He  was  also  on  the  founding  board 
of  Alamance  Community  College  and  was  an  instruc- 
tor at  Asheville-Buncombe  Technical  College.  He  is 
survived  by  his  wife,  Mary  Katherine;  four  daughters; 
three  sons;  a  stepdaughter;  a  stepson;  three  brothers; 
1 1  grandchildren;  and  a  step-grandchild. 

John  T.  Shaffer  '49  of  Bethlehem,  Pa.,  on  May  30, 
2008.  He  was  a  lifelong  employee  of  Bethlehem  Steel 
and  retired  as  assistant  treasurer.  He  is  survived  by  his 
wife,  Ann,  and  two  children. 

Richard  Schriver  Barry  '50  of  Carlisle,  Pa.,  on 
May  6,  2008.  He  served  in  the  Marine  Corps  for  33 
years.  A  member  of  the  Navy  V- 1 2  program,  he  was  a 
veteran  of  World  W'.u  11  and  the  Korean  and  Vietnam 


wars.  He  was  awarded  numerous  medals  and  awards, 
including  the  Legion  of  Merit,  the  Joint  Services 
Commendation  Medal,  the  Navy  and  Marine  Corps 
Commendation  Medal,  the  World  War  II  Victory 
Medal,  the  National  Defense  Service  Medal  with  one 
Bronze  Star,  and  the  Korean  Service  Medal  with  one 
Bronze  Star.  He  organized  the  Bedford  County  (Pa.) 
Federated  Litetacy  system  and  served  as  president  of 
the  Bedford  County  school  board  for  12  years.  He 
chaired  the  governance  committee  of  the  Pennsyl- 
vania State  Library  System  and  the  board  of  trustees 
of  the  Pennsylvania  Library  Association  and  was  a 
member  of  the  Bedford  County  Children  and  Youth 
Services  Advisory  Board.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife, 
Nancy;  two  daughtets;  and  a  brother. 

Jacques  D.  Beaumont  '50  of  Newport  Beach, 
Calif.,  on  April  10,  2008.  At  Duke,  he  played 
varsity  soccer  and  graduated  with  a  major  in  econom- 
ics. He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Marion  Spring 
Beaumont  A.M.  '50;  and  a  daughter,  Suzanne 
Marion  Beaumont  BSE.  '80. 

Corinne  Marvin  Schultz  '50  of  Fort  Meyers,  Fla., 
on  May  8,  2008.  She  majored  in  chemistry  at  Duke 
and  then  earned  an  M.S.N,  at  Yale  Univetsity.  She  is 
survived  by  a  son,  a  daughter,  tour  grandsons,  and 
two  granddaughtets. 

Harry  W.  Thorne  M.F.  '50  of  Otegon,  Wis.,  on 
May  2,  2008.  He  worked  with  the  Department  of 
Natural  Resources.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Phyllis; 
two  sons;  and  two  daughters. 

William  Lee  Baldwin  '51  of  Hanover,  N.H.,  on 
May  8,  2008.  Before  attending  Duke,  he  served  in  the 
Army.  While  finishing  his  Ph.D.  at  Princeton  Uni- 
versity in  1958,  he  joined  the  faculty  at  Dartmouth 
College.  He  was  John  Ftench  Professor  of  economics 
from  1958  to  1998.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Anne 
Sa'adah;  a  son;  a  daughter;  a  sister;  three  grandchil- 
dren; and  a  cousin,  John  A.  Zunes  M.Div.  '54. 

Julia  Anne  "Kitty"  Arendell  Hunter  '51  of 

Raleigh,  on  May  28,  2008.  In  1978,  she  earned  an 
M.A.  in  education  from  N.C  State  University  and 
became  a  career  counselor.  After  several  years,  she 
returned  to  school  and,  in  1983,  became  a  licensed 
realtor.  From  1983  to  2001,  she  was  a  charter  member 
of  what  is  now  Yotk,  Simpson  and  Underworld  realty 
firm.  She  is  survived  by  five  sons;  a  sister,  Helen 
Arendell  Ellington  '60;  and  six  grandchildren. 

Kenneth  R.  Moore  B.D.  '51  of  Greensboro,  on 
May  23,  2008.  During  World  War  II,  he  served  in 
Europe  in  the  78th  Infantry  Division.  He  received 
the  Combat  Infantry  Badge,  the  Purple  Heart,  and 
the  Bronze  Star  medals.  As  a  member  of  the  Western 
North  Carolina  Conference  of  the  United  Methodist 
Church,  he  served  churches  throughout  North 
Carolina.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Sara;  a  daughtet; 
a  son;  a  brother;  and  thtee  grandchildren. 

William  H.  Rice  '51  of  Pawleys  Island,  S.C.,  on 
March  18,  2008.  As  an  officer  in  the  Marine  Corps 
for  30  years,  he  served  in  both  the  Korean  and 
Vietnam  wars.  He  was  a  Master  Mason  for  45  years 
and  was  voted  a  life  member  of  Pawleys  Island 
Masonic  Lodge  No.  409.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife, 
Charline;  a  son;  a  brothet;  a  sistet;  seven  grandchil- 
dren;  and  three  grcat-gnindchildren. 

Donal  M.  "Jack"  Squires  M.Div.  '51  of  Fair- 
mont, WVa.,  on  April  6,  2008.  During  World  War  II, 
he  spent  three  years  in  the  Army,  two  of  them  in  the 
Pacific  theater.  After  becoming  a  chaplain  in  the  Air 
Force,  he  served  tours  of  duty  in  the  U.S.,  Vietnam, 
and  the  Azotes.  His  last  duty  assignment  was  as  sen- 
ior Air  Force  chaplain  at  Arlington  National  Ceme- 


i'w. dukemagazine.duke.edu 


tery.  He  was  awarded  five  Air  Force  commendation 
medals.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Lou  Engle;  two 
stepdaughters;  a  stepson;  and  three  step-grandchildren. 

James  M.  Young  '51,  M.D.  '55  of  Lee,  N.H.,  on 
June  5,  2008.  He  served  on  active  duty  in  the  Navy 
for  20  years  and  on  inactive  duty  for  seven  years. 
While  in  the  Navy,  he  hecame  the  White  House 
physician  for  Presidents  John  F.  Kennedy  and  Lyndon 
B.  Johnson.  He  was  vice  president  and  medical  direc- 
tor for  Blue  Cross  Blue  Shield  of  Massachusetts  for  1 2 
years.  He  was  a  decorated  Knight  Commander  with 
star  of  the  Equestrian  Order  of  the  Holy  Sepulchre  of 
Jerusalem.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Mariette;  two 
sons;  six  daughters,  including  Anne  C.  Young 
B.S.N.  77  and  Gretchen  C.  Young  '94;  and  14 
grandchildren. 

Jean  Robinson  Cooper  P.T.  Cert.  '52  of 
Midland,  Texas,  on  June  28,  2008.  She  was  a  depart- 
ment head  at  Midland  Memorial,  Parkland,  and 
Presbyterian  hospitals  in  Dallas  until  1976.  In  1983, 
she  became  part  owner  of  We  Care  Home  Health 
Agency,  retiring  in  1989.  She  is  survived  by  two  step- 
daughters, two  stepsons,  and  a  brother. 
Charles  M.  Earley  Jr.  M.D.  '53  of  Virginia  Beach, 
Va.,  on  May  13,  2008.  After  serving  as  a  general  sur- 
geon in  the  Air  Force,  he  moved  to  Virginia  Beach, 
where  he  became  co-founder  and  senior  partner  of 
Virginia  Beach  Surgery.  He  retired  in  1993.  He  is  sur- 
vived by  his  wife,  Gloria;  three  daughters;  a  son;  and 
nine  grandchildren. 

Jacklyn  H.  Lucas  '53  of  Hattiesburg,  Miss.,  on 
June  5,  2008.  He  was  the  youngest  Marine  in  history 
to  receive  the  Medal  of  Honor,  for  throwing  himself 
on  two  enemy  grenades  to  prevent  the  death  of  fel- 
low Marines.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Ruby;  four 
sons;  a  daughter;  three  stepdaughters;  a  brother;  1 5 
grandchildren;  and  16  great-grandchildren. 
Royster  M.  Tucker  Jr.  B.S.E.E.  '53  of  High  Point, 
N.C.,  on  May  30,  2008.  He  attended  Duke  under  the 
Naval  Reserve  Officers  Trnming  program  and,  after 
graduation,  entered  the  Navy  as  an  officer  in  the 
Civil  Engineering  Corps.  For  53  years,  he  was 
employed  by  North  State  Communications  and  was 
president  and  chair  of  the  board  at  the  time  of  his 
retirement.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Martha;  a  son; 
a  sister;  and  four  grandsons. 

Walton  N.  Bass  Sr.  B.D.  '54  of  Durham,  on  June 
7,  2008.  He  served  with  the  Army  in  Europe  during 
World  War  II.  For  19  years,  he  was  an  elder  in  the 
North  Carolina  Methodist  Conference  and  served  as 
a  minister  of  several  churches.  He  taught  in  Durham 
public  schools  for  17  years,  retiring  in  1986.  He  is  sur- 
vived by  his  wife,  Emma;  a  son;  a  daughter;  two  sis- 
ters; a  brother;  two  grandsons;  a  granddaughter;  and  a 
great-granddaughter. 

Robert  E.  Dalton  '54  of  North  Augusta,  S.C.,  on 
May  3,  2008.  A  World  War  II  veteran,  he  retired 
from  Rich  Food  Plan  as  a  sales  manager.  He  is  sur- 
vived hy  his  wife,  Dorothy;  two  sons;  two  daughters;  a 
brother;  a  sister;  1 1  grandchildren;  and  three  great- 
grandchildren. 

James  E.  West  M.F.  '54  of  Northport,  Ala.,  on 
May  26,  2008.  He  served  with  the  Army  Air  Corps  in 
Europe  and  Korea.  After  a  career  in  forestry  in 
Oregon,  he  retired  and  joined  the  Peace  Corps, 
where  he  served  for  1 1  years  in  three  countries.  He  is 
survived  by  two  sisters. 

John  R.  Blue  M.Div.  '55  of  Gainesville,  Fla.,  on 
June  8,  2008.  An  Army  veteran,  he  served  as  a 
United  Methodist  Church  minister  for  nearly  12 
years.  He  then  served  as  a  VA  Medical  Center  chap- 


lain until  his  retirement  in  1996.  He  is  survived  by 
his  wife,  Linda;  a  daughter;  three  sons;  and  a  sister. 

Jerry  R.  Haupt  B.S.M.E.  '55  of  St.  Augustine, 
Fla.,  on  Nov.  3,  2006.  He  is  survived  by  two  sons. 

Jane  "Jacie"  Barber  Parish  '55  of  Orleans, 
Mass.,  on  April  29,  2008.  She  worked  for  the 
Ramapo  Indian  Hills  school  district  in  New  Jersey  for 
20  years  as  an  adviser  to  teachers  specializing  in 
learning  disabilities.  She  is  survived  hy  her  husband, 
William;  a  son;  a  daughter;  four  stepdaughters;  and  a 
granddaughter. 

Donald  Holmes  Baker  B.S.M.E.  '56  of  Lenoir, 
N.C.,  on  April  5,  2008.  After  graduating,  he  founded 
the  Grand  Manor  Furniture  Co.,  serving  as  president 
and  CEO.  He  retired  in  2007.  He  was  active  in  the 
Lenoir  community,  and  served  on  many  different 
boards.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Jeanne;  a  son;  two 
daughters,  including  Barbara  Wendell  "Wendy" 

Baker  '90;  a  stepdaughter;  and  six  grandchildren. 

William  L.  Black  '56  of  Knoxville,  Tenn.,  on  June 
24,  2008.  He  established  a  private  cardiology  practice 
in  Chapel  Hill.  He  later  relocated  his  practice  to 
Dayton,  Ohio,  and  conducted  cardiac  research  at 
Wright  State  University.  He  retired  in  1996.  He  is 
survived  by  three  sons  and  six  grandchildren. 

Arthur  L.  Turcotte  Jr.  '56  of  Charleston,  S.C.,  on 
Oct.  3,  2007.  He  majored  in  chemistry  at  Duke.  He  is 
survived  by  a  daughter. 

Jane  Chandler  Boulware  R.N.  '57  of  Lakeland, 
Fla.,  on  Dec.  3,  2007.  She  was  active  with  First  Pres- 
byterian Church  in  Lakeland.  She  is  survived  by  three 
sons,  a  brother,  two  sisters,  and  four  grandchildren. 


L 


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DUKE  MAGAZINE     January-February  2009 


Flora  E.  Butt  Law  '57  of  Las  Vegas,  on  April  28, 
2008.  She  worked  as  an  R.N.  in  Las  Vegas  and  as  a 
school  nurse  for  the  Clark  County,  Nev.,  school  dis- 
trict until  retiring  in  1994.  She  is  survived  by  three 
daughters,  a  son,  and  six  grandchildren. 
William  L.  Hobart  M.F.  '58  of  Fort  Worth,  Texas, 
on  May  25,  2007.  Ordained  an  Episcopal  priest  in 
1965,  he  was  a  member  of  St.  John's  Episcopal 
Church.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Wanda;  two  sons; 
two  daughters;  a  brother;  five  grandchildren;  and  two 
great-grandchildren. 

William  E.  Johnston  '58  of  Puma  Gorda,  Fla.,  on 
May  29,  2008.  At  Duke,  he  was  a  member  of  Phi 
Kappa  Sigma  and  majored  in  political  science.  He  is 
survived  by  a  grandson,  Greg  Johnston  '11. 
Fredrick  L.  Rich  '58,  J.D.  '61  of  Jacksonville, 
Fla.,  on  May  6,  2008.  He  was  a  captain  in  the  Army 
JAG  Corps  and  the  Army  Reserve.  For  more  than 
40  years,  he  practiced  law  in  Jacksonville  and  St. 
Augustine,  Fla.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Marian;  a 
daughter;  a  son;  two  granddaughters;  and  a  grandson. 
Edward  E.  Rieck  J.D.  '58  of  Pittsburgh,  on 
April  30,  2008.  After  graduating,  he  joined  the 
Army  and  was  a  member  of  the  Counter  Intelligence 
Corps  stationed  in  Berlin.  He  was  general  attorney 
for  the  Consolidated  Natural  Gas  Co.  before  his 
retirement.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Margaret; 
three  sons;  two  brothers;  a  sister;  two  granddaughters; 
and  a  grandson. 

R.  Don  Higginbotham  Ph.D.  '59  of  Chapel  Hill, 
on  June  22,  2008.  He  was  the  Dowd  Distinguished 
Professor  of  history  at  UNC-CH  and  taught  for  41 
years.  An  authority  on  the  American  Revolution,  he 
was  awarded  the  Army  Outstanding  Civilian  Setvice 
Medal.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Kathy;  three  sons; 
two  stepdaughters;  and  eight  grandchildren. 

George  B.  Reed  Jr.  M.D.  '59  of  Monterey,  Calif.,  on 
March  2,  2008.  He  graduated  from  Duke  with  an  M.D. 
in  otology  and  was  on  the  house  staff  in  pediatrics. 
Gerald  W.  Bray  M.Ed.  '61  of  Elizabeth  City,  Va., 
on  April  26,  2008.  A  lifelong  educator,  he  worked  as 
a  teacher,  a  counselor,  and  an  administtator  at  the 
elementary-school,  secondary-school,  and  college 
levels.  After  retiring,  he  operated  a  mobile-home 
park  and  was  a  fish  farmer.  He  is  survived  by  three 
sons,  a  sister,  and  six  grandchildren. 
Ghazi  Raji  Quebein  B.S.E.E.  '61  of  Amman,  Jordan, 
on  Oct.  9,  2007.  He  worked  as  an  engineering  con- 
sultant in  Kuwait  and  Amman.  He  is  survived  by  his 
wife,  Sandra;  three  daughters;  and  three  grandchildren. 

Susan  Browne  Moody  Wilson  '62  of  Dallas,  on 
July  23,  2008.  While  living  in  Los  Angeles,  she  was 
an  officer  of  the  Nine  O'Clock  Players,  a  community 
theater  group  for  underprivileged  children.  She  also 
organized  an  annual  art  show  at  the  Irving  Civic 
Center  in  Texas.  She  is  survived  by  two  sons,  includ- 
ing Derek  M.  Wilson  '86,  M.B.A.  '90;  a  sister;  and 
four  grandchildren. 

Mary  A.  Barnes  '63  of  Charleston,  S.C.,  on  May 
22,  2008.  She  worked  in  surgery,  endocrinology,  and 
cardiology  research  at  the  Vitginia  Medical  Center 
and  at  the  Medical  University  of  South  Carolina.  She 
also  played  the  violin  with  the  Charleston  Symphony 
Orchestra  and  was  an  officer  of  the  Charleston  Music 
Club.  She  is  survived  by  a  brother. 
Charles  E.  Cecil  '63  of  Asbury  Park,  N.J.,  on  June 
1,  2008.  In  1967,  he  became  one  of  the  youngest 
members  of  the  New  York  Stock  Exchange.  He  was  a 
pattner  at  the  brokerage  firm  of  Murphey,  Marseilles, 
Smith  &  Nammack  until  retiring  in  1996.  He  is  sur- 


vived by  his  wife,  Karen;  two  sons;  a  sister;  and  five 
grandchildren. 

Noel  C.  Hunt  III  H  '63,  H  '68  of  Chattanooga, 
Tenn.,  on  May  15,  2008.  A  veteran  of  the  Air  Force, 
he  was  a  founding  member  of  the  Chattanooga 
Heart  Institute.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Trisha; 
two  sons;  a  daughter;  two  stepdaughters;  a  brother; 
and  10  grandchildren. 

John  E.  Grauerholz  Jr.  '63,  M.D.  '73  of  Lees- 
burg,  Va.,  on  May  27,  2008.  At  the  statt  of  his  career, 
he  served  as  a  nurse  in  the  Army  Nurse  Corps  and 
spent  time  stationed  at  the  85th  Evacuation  Hospital 
in  Vietnam.  Returning  to  Duke,  he  completed  his 
residency  in  pathology  and  a  fellowship  in  forensic 
pathology,  serving  as  the  assistant  chief  medical 
examiner  in  Chapel  Hill.  He  later  worked  in  the 
offices  of  chief  medical  examiner  in  North  Carolina, 
Rhode  Island,  New  York,  and  New  Jersey,  where  he 
became  designated  forensic  pathologist.  In  the  late 
1970s,  he  taught  pathology  at  Brown  University. 
He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Elizabeth;  a  daughter;  a 
sistet;  and  three  grandchildren. 
Wayne  H.  Lankford  '63  of  Norfolk,  Va.,  on  Dec. 
16,  2006.  He  was  a  manager  at  K&.K  Management,  a 
real-estate  company. 

Dale  D.  Conroy  '64,  LL.B.  '66  of  Spruce  Pine, 
N.C,  on  May  27,  2008.  He  was  an  FBI  agent  in 
Chicago  and  Atlanta,  a  stockbroker  at  Merrill  Lynch 
in  Charlotte,  and  later  was  self-employed  in  the  den- 
tal-supply business  in  Atlanta.  He  is  survived  by  his 
wife,  Ima;  a  daughter;  and  a  grandson. 

Sheldon  Goldgeier  H  '64  of  Baltimore,  on  June 
29,  2008.  While  in  private  practice  in  Baltimore,  he 
served  as  team  doctor  to  the  Baltimore  Orioles.  He  is 
survived  by  his  wife,  Myra;  a  daughter;  a  son;  a  broth- 
er; and  two  grandsons. 

William  W.  Thomas  Ph.D.  '64  of  Harrisonburg, 
Va.,  on  May  22,  2008.  He  was  a  professor  in  the 
depattment  of  philosophy  and  religion  at  James 
Madison  University  and,  after  retiring  in  1997,  con- 
tinued to  serve  as  a  part-time  professor. 
Michael  O.  Wheeler  B.S.M.E.  '65  of  Bonita 
Sptings,  Fla.,  on  March  30,  2008.  He  earned  his 
M.B.A.  from  the  University  of  Michigan.  He  is  sur- 
vived by  his  wife,  Susan  Hanabury  Wheeler 
'68;  a  son;  two  daughtets,  Julia  C.  Wheeler  '93 
and  Robin  E.  Wheeler  '00;  and  a  cousin, 
George  J.  Baer  II  '65. 

Roger  T.  Parrott  A.M.  '68  of  Putney,  Vt.,  on  May 
29,  2008.  He  taught  at  the  Putney  School,  Antioch 
University,  Notwich  University,  and  the  Univetsity 
of  Massachusetts-Amherst.  He  is  survived  by  a  son,  a 
daughter,  a  brother,  a  sister,  and  two  granddaughters. 

William  F.  Wheeler  M.D.  '68  of  Solana  Beach, 
Calif,  on  June  8,  2008.  He  served  two  years  at  the 
Naval  Hospital  in  Beaufort,  S.C.,  and  was  an  anes- 
thesiologist in  Florida  and  California  before  leaving 
medicine  to  travel.  He  made  26  ttips  to  Africa  be- 
tween 1978  and  2000,  and  some  of  the  paintings  and 
artifacts  he  collected  were  donated  to  the  Smithsonian 
Institution.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Linda;  two 
daughtets;  his  mother;  and  thtee  grandchildren. 
Steven  J.  Fritz  A.M.  '71  of  West  Lafayette,  End., 
on  June  21,  2008.  After  working  at  the  University  of 
Wisconsin-Eau  Claire  and  at  Texas  A&M  University, 
in  1987,  he  joined  the  faculty  of  Purdue  University's 
department  of  earth  and  atmospheric  sciences,  where 
he  worked  until  his  death.  He  is  survived  by  two 
daughters  and  a  sister. 
Margaret  Geraci  Gregorie  '71  of  Fort  Meyers, 


Fla.,  on  June  20,  2008.  After  earning  her  M.A.  in  ele- 
mentary education  from  Lesley  College  in  Cambridge, 
Mass.,  she  taught  fot  three  years  at  the  Advent  School 
on  Beacon  Hill  in  Boston  and  then  at  Warren  Junior 
High  School  in  Newton,  Mass.  She  later  became  a 
fabric  artist.  She  is  survived  by  her  husband,  Daniel 
Gregorie  M.D.  '78;  her  mother;  and  a  brother. 

Robert  L.  Friend  '72  of  Mechanicsburg,  Pa.,  on 
May  12,  2008.  At  Duke,  he  majored  in  mathematics. 
Steven  F.  Grittner  M.S.E.  '72  of  Houston,  on 
June  1 7,  2008.  He  was  a  team  leader  at  BP  (British 
Petroleum).  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Kate;  a  daugh- 
ter; a  son;  his  father;  and  two  brothers. 

Kim  D.  Hardingham  '72  of  West  Windsor,  N.J. , 
on  March  26,  2008.  He  had  a  career  in  marketing, 
most  recently  at  Ferrara  and  Co.  He  is  survived  by  his 
wife,  Jeanne,  and  three  sons. 
Richard  Boggs  CalawayJ.D.  73  of  Little  Rock, 
Ark.,  on  April  24,  2008.  He  worked  as  an  administra- 
tive law  judge  for  the  Atkansas  Workers'  Compensa- 
tion Commission.  He  was  a  membet  of  the  Arkansas 
Bar  Association,  where  he  served  on  the  workers' 
compensation  law  section  and  on  the  alternative 
dispute  resolution  section.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife, 
Margarita,  and  a  daughter. 
Larry  Barnes  Sr.  M.D.  '74  of  Raleigh,  on  June  1, 
2008.  He  was  a  practicing  physician,  specializing  in 
neuro-ophthalmology.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife, 
Cynthia;  two  sons;  and  a  brother. 
Susan  E.  Bello  '74  of  Chapel  Hill,  on  July  6,  2008. 
She  worked  at  the  National  Gallery  in  Washington 
and  the  Library  of  Congress.  She  received  an  M.A. 
from  the  University  of  Virginia  in  1982  and  an  M.S. 
in  library  science  from  UNC-CH  in  1985.  She  worked 
at  MIT  as  assistant  acquisitions  librarian  for  three 
years.  She  then  worked  in  the  English  department  at 
Duke  for  six  years  and  at  the  Davis  Library  at  UNC- 
CH  until  her  death.  She  is  survived  by  her  mother, 
two  brothers,  a  stepbrother,  and  two  stepsisters. 
Joseph  E.  Wagstaff  '76  of  Charlotte,  on  April  8, 
2008.  He  was  a  pediatrician,  medical  geneticist, 
and  researcher,  most  recently  at  Carolina  Medical 
Center  in  Charlotte.  In  2005,  he  received  the 
Claudia  Benton  Research  Award  from  the  Angelman 
Syndrome  Foundation  Inc.  He  is  survived  by  his 
mother  and  a  sister. 

Michael  E.  Burkill  B.H.S.  '79  of  Durham,  on  May 
24,  2008.  He  worked  as  a  physician's  assistant  in 
Duke's  departments  of  orthopedics,  neurology,  and 
rehabilitation  medicine.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife, 
Ninna;  a  daughter;  a  son;  and  a  foster  brother. 
Levi  A.  Beckwith  M.B.A.  '82  of  Raleigh,  on 
May  26,  2008.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Hattie; 
a  daughter;  a  son;  eight  grandchildren;  and  seven 
great-grandchildren. 

Julia  Vernon  Burris  '86  of  Durham,  on  June  13, 
2008.  She  was  a  teacher  at  Yates  Baptist  Church 
Preschool.  She  is  survived  by  her  husband,  John 
C.  Burris  '86;  two  sons;  her  parents;  a  sister;  and 

Marshall  W.  Sanderford  '87  of  Albuquerque,  N.M., 
on  May  26,  2008.  After  graduating,  he  was  an  editor 
with  HarperCollins  College  Publishers  until  1994. 
He  then  became  a  marketing  manager  at  Mayfield 
Publishing  in  Mountain  View,  Calif,  and  later  moved 
to  Ruidoso,  N.M.,  to  work  as  assistant  pari-mutuels 
manager  at  Ruidoso  Downs  Race  Track.  From  2003 
to  2007,  he  was  a  sales  consultant  with  Ruidoso  Ford 
Dealer  and  at  Garcia  Subaru  in  Albuquerque.  He  is 
survived  by  his  mother,  father,  and  stepfather. 


.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


Anderson  I.  Chen  B.S.E.  '88  of  Annandale,  Va., 
on  April  30,  2008.  He  was  a  patent  lawyer  for  MH2 
Technology  Law  Group  in  Tysons  Corner,  Va.  He  is 
survived  by  his  wife,  Lana;  a  son;  and  a  daughter. 
Melanie  S.  Caudill  ].D.'91  of  Durham,  on  May 
10,  2008.  She  was  a  partner  at  Moore  and  Van 
Allen  and  specialized  in  litigation.  Active  in  the 
Durham  community,  she  provided  pro  bono  represen- 
tation through  the  Volunteer  Lawyers  Program  of 
Durham  County.  She  is  survived  by  her  mother,  a 
sister,  and  a  brother. 

Steven  C.  Machow  M.D.  '94  of  Scottsdale, 
Ariz.,  on  May  8,  2008.  After  completing  his  radiology 
residency  and  fellowship  ar  Duke,  he  moved  to 
Scottsdale  and  joined  East  Valley  Diagnostic  Im- 
aging. He  is  survived  by  his  mother,  his  father,  two 
brothers,  and  a  sister. 

Edward  Eung-Jun  Yi  A.M.  '95  of  San  Jose, 
Calif.,  on  Feb.  13,  2006.  He  was  employed  by 
Samsung  Electronics  Co. 
Rosalind  Mollock  Kaplan  A.M.  '95  of  Balti- 
more, on  Dec.  2,  2007.  She  worked  at  Duke  from 
1975  to  1997  and  retired  as  an  employee  in  the  office 
of  Trinity  College  academic  deans.  She  is  survived 
by  her  children,  mother,  siblings,  grandchildren, 
and  great-grandchildren. 

Senior  Lecturing  Fellow  Siegel 

Allen  G.  Siegel  LL.B.  '60,  of  Chevy  Chase,  Md.,  died 
July  28,  2008,  at  the  age  of  74.  Siegel  was  a  senior 
lecturing  fellow  at  Duke  Law  School. 

After  graduating  from  Duke,  he  practiced  law  in 
Jacksonville,  Fla.  In  1964,  he  joined  the  law  firm  of 
Arent  Fox,  where  he  became  partner. 

He  was  an  active  member  of  the  Duke  Law  com- 
munity, and  in  1990,  established  the  Rabbi  Seymour 
Siegel  Memorial  Moot  Court  Competition  in  honot 
of  his  brorher.  The  moot  court  competition  later 
became  an  annual  lecture  series  focusing  on  topics  in 
law,  ethics,  and  medicine.  He  also  established  the 
David  H.  Siegel  Memorial  Scholarship  in  honor  of 
his  father. 

He  served  as  a  director  of  Duke's  Private  Adjudi- 
cation Center,  which  studied  alternate  dispute-reso- 
lution techniques. 

He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Rochelle;  a  son;  a  daughter, 
Dina  Siegel  Kessler  '86;  and  four  grandchildren. 
Trustee  Emeritus  McMahon 
John  Alexander  McMahon  '42,  of  Durham,  died  Oct. 
30,  2008,  at  the  age  of  87. 

After  graduating  from  Duke  magna  cum  laude,  he 
was  commissioned  in  the  Army  Air  Corps.  During 
World  War  II,  he  served  in  the  South  Pacific;  he  was 
later  an  Air  Force  Reserve  officer.  He  attended 
Harvard  Business  School  for  a  year  and  earned  a  J.D. 
from  Harvard  Law  School  in  1948. 

McMahon  joined  the  faculty  of  UNC-CH  in  1948, 
serving  as  a  professor  of  public  law  and  government 
and  as  assistant  director  of  the  Institute  of  Govern- 
ment. In  1959,  he  became  general  counsel  and  secre- 
tary-treasurer of  the  North  Carolina  Association  of 
County  Commissioners,  leaving  in  1965  to  become 
vice  presidenr  of  Hospital  Savings  Association. 

He  was  the  first  president  of  the  consolidated 
North  Carolina  Blue  Cross  and  Blue  Shield,  serving 
from  1968  to  1972.  He  was  also  president  of  the 
American  Hospital  Association  for  14  years. 

In  1986,  McMahon  returned  to  Durham  to  become 
chair  and  professor  of  the  depattment  of  health  ad- 
ministration at  Duke  Medical  Center.  Six  years  later, 
he  became  executive  in  residence  of  the  program  in 
health  administration  when  it  was  transferred  to  the 
Fuqua  School  of  Business. 


He  joined  Duke's  board  of  trustees  in  1970  and 
served  as  chair  from  1971  until  he  left  the  board  in 
1983.  Duke  awarded  him  the  University  Medal,  and 
the  American  Hospital  Association  established  a 
named  chair  at  Duke  in  his  honor,  rhe  J.  Alexander 
McMahon  Professor  of  health  policy  and  managment. 

He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Anne;  a  son,  Alexan- 
der T.  McMahon  M.B.A.  '82;  three  daughters;  a 
brothet;  and  five  grandchildren,  including  Alexan- 
der R.  McMahon  10. 


Merceft  * 


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ACCOMMODATIONS 


Rome:  Bright,  elegant  apartment.  Marvelous 
beamed  ceilings.  Antiques.  Walk  to  Spanish  Steps, 
Trevi  Fountain.  (609)  683-3813.  jetas5@comcast.net. 

Edisto  Island,  S.C.:  Fantastic  beachfront  house 
sleeping  12.  Great  spring/fall  rates.  Near  Charleston. 
(202)  338-3877  for  information,  pictures. 

Italy/Tuscany:  Ancesttal  villa  with  sweeping 
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Updated  kitchen,  baths.  Pool.  (609)  683-3813. 
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Lake  Tahoe  Tranquility:  Rent  our  new  consttuc- 
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tony@andiamo-ventures.com.  408-930-0122. 

Paris,  Elegant  Left  Bank  Apartment: 

Sixth  Arrondissement.  Walk  to  Seine,  Louvre, 
and  Luxembourg  Gardens.  Near  open-air  market. 
(609)  924-7520.  gaml@comcast.net. 

Paris:  Marais.  Luxury  rental  in  center  of  Paris. 
Close  proximity  Picasso  Museum,  Centre 
Pompidou  and  other  historical  sites  as  well  as 
gourmet  shops  of  Rue  de  Bretagne.  See  owner's 
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ST.  MAARTEN:  Enjoy  beaches,  shopping,  din- 
ing in  the  "Culinary  Capitol  of  the  Caribbean." 
Family  home,  1-4  bedrooms,  view  of  St.  Barth's. 
See  photos,  rates:  www.villaplateau.com. 
Mention  Duke  for  discount. 


Truly  generous  cut.  Distinctive  3  7/16"  full  roll  collar. 

Two-ply  Pima  Cotton  Oxfords.  Long  sleeves,  tail. 

Guaranteed  impeccable  after  150+  washes. 

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home.  Magnificent  mountain  views.  Fields  of 
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London:  My  apartment  near  Marble  Arch  is  less 
expensive  than  a  hotel  and  a  whole  lot  nicer. 
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Kiawah:  RENOVATED  3BR  cottage  300  yds 
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Durham:  Coming  back  to  Duke?  Why 
stay  in  a  hotel?  Try  Duke  Tower  Hotel  & 
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Now  serving  breakfast  in  the  Historic  Tower 
Cafe.  THE  place  for  Duke  alumni  and  guests. 
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rentals  from  $80.  All  major  credit  cards 
accepted.  www.DukeTower.com.  General 
Manager:  Lee  Richardson,  T  '76. 


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DUKE  MAGAZINE     January-February  2009 


Under  the  Gargoyle 


The  Rankings  Game:  Who's  Playing  Whom? 

By  JOHN  F.  BURNESS 


u 


.S.  News  &  World  Report  published  they  make  any  difference  at  all  to  a  student, 

its  first  annual  ranking  of  the  na-  The  rankings  give  considerable  weight  to 

tion's  best  colleges  in  1983.  In  the  perception  and  tend  to  be  based  on  annual 

years  since,   the  publication  has  assessments,  as  if  undergraduate-program  in- 


spawned  a  cottage  industry,  transformed  he 
the  public  thinks  about  higher  education, 
and  in  the  process  made  a  lot  of  money. 

Over  the  past  three  decades,  I've  had  am- 
ple opportunity  to  dissect  the  various  rank- 
ings or  discuss  the  validity  of  their  method- 


novations  or  tweakings  manifest  significant 
change  in  two  semesters.  U.S.  News  has  art- 
fully— in  the  guise  of  improving  the  veracity 
of  its  rankings — made  one  or  more  changes 
in  its  methodology  every  few  years,  which 
enables  it  to  argue  that  there  is  some  shift  in 


ologies  in  an  effort  to  explain  to  a  wide  range     the  quality  of  institutions  that  the  new 
of  university  constituencies,  including  the     methodology  has  captured.  The  cynic  in  me 


news  media,  why  the  universities  where 
worked — the  University  of  Illinois  at  Urbana- 
Champaign,  Cornell,  and  for  the  last  seven- 
teen years,  Duke — were  rated  where  they 
were.  It's  fun  as  I  retire  from  university  ad- 
ministration to  ruminate  on  the  absurdity  of 
it  all. 

Ours  is  a  competitive  culture,  and  it  should 
be  no  surprise  that  many  people  are  inter- 
ested in  such  external  assessments  of  the 
quality  of  American  higher  education.  After 
all,  students  and  families  spend  as  much  as 
$50,000  a  year  to  go  to  col- 
lege, and  it  is  reasonable  for 
them  to  want  a  credible, 
independent  assessment  to 
help  guide  their  thinking 
about  where  to  make  that 
significant  investment. 

That  said,  I  don't  know 
anyone  in  higher  educa 


I  don't  know  anyone  in  higher 
education  who  believes 
that  the  magazine  rankings 
can  capture  what  makes 
the  experience  offered  by  an 
tion  whom  ive  talked  to  individual  institution  unique 

since  the  ratings  game  be-  pffprtiwp 

gan  who  believes  that  the  Uf  &  KLUW' 
magazine  rankings  can  cap- 
ture what  makes  the  experience  offered  by 
an  individual  institution  unique  or  effec- 
tive. The  precision  that  U.S.  News  purports 
its  methodologies  reveal  is,  on  the  face  of  it, 
rather  silly.  If  you  look  at  the  top  ten  insti- 
tutions, you  will  see  that  some  of  them  are 
separated  by  small  fractions  of  a  percent.  In 
the  Olympics,  those  fractions  make  a  differ- 
ence, but  it's  hard  to  understand  how,  in  the 
real-life  breadth  of  activities  of  a  university, 


says  that  the  changing  of  the  methodology 
is  more  a  strategy  for  getting  different  re- 
sults in  the  rankings,  which  helps  the  publi- 
cation sell  more  copies. 

During  my  years  at  Duke,  the  university 
ranked  as  high  as  tied  for  third  and  as  low  as 
tied  for  eighth.  The  year  we  tied  for  third 
was  my  favorite.  Folks  at  Duke  were  under- 
standably elated.  I  recall  telling  university 
leaders,  including  our  trustees,  not  to'  crow 
too  much  about  this  jump  to  our  position  of 
three  because  inevitably  the  methodology 
would  change,  and  we 
would  drop  a  few  places — 
which,  of  course,  is  what 
happened. 

My  favorite  magazine 
ranking  experience  wasn't 
with  U.S.  News  but  with 
Money  magazine,  which, 
in  the  1990s,  had  a  "Best 
Buys  in  Higher  Education" 
issue.  In  that  one,  the  pub- 
lic universities,  almost  by 
definition,  ended  up  hav- 
ing a  built-in  advantage,  although  fifteen 
private  institutions  were  listed  among  the 
top  100.  Duke  was  not  among  the  fifteen, 
much  to  the  consternation  of  some  of  our 
trustees  and  others.  So  I  met  with  the  edi- 
tors of  Money  and  asked  how  we  could  be 
ranked  in  the  top  ten  in  the  country  in 
other  ratings  (as  skeptical  as  I  was  about 
them)  and  not  make  the  top-ten  private 
institutions  in  Money's  listing.  They  mum- 


bled something  about  our  library 
resources,  and  I  was  able  to  docu- 
ment that  their  numbers  were 
wrong.  The  next  year,  Money  came 
out  with  a  new  category:  "Costly  Schools 
That  Are  Worth  the  Price."  Duke  was  ranked 
highly  in  that,  and  people  at  Duke  were 
pleased.  Alas,  I  didn't  keep  the  pressure  on 
the  magazine,  and  one  year  later,  it  dropped 
the  category. 

I  remember  well  a  wonderful  speech  by  a 
distinguished  faculty  member  at  my  son's 
freshman  convocation  several  years  ago. 
The  scholar  compared  the  founding  of  that 
institution  to  Odysseus'  journey,  noting  that 
both  had  decided  not  to  let  others  define 
who  they  were.  He  urged  the  freshmen  to 
create  their  own  identity  through  the  choices 
they  made  during  their  college  years.  With- 
in a  moment  or  two  of  the  faculty  member 
taking  his  seat,  the  chancellor  of  the  uni- 
versity— a  person  I  admire  enormously — 
told  the  assembled  freshmen  and  their  par- 
ents that  while  the  information  was  embar- 
goed publicly  until  1 1:59  that  night,  he  felt 
comfortable  telling  them  in  confidence  that 
the  university  for  the  first  time  had  cracked 
the  top  ten  of  U.S.  News  rankings.  The  re- 
sponse was  predictable,  with  students  jump- 
ing up  and  down,  and  parents  smiling  at  the 
thought  that  their  investment  clearly  was 
going  to  be  worth  it.  The  faculty  member 
sat  there,  his  head  bowed. 

I  always  said  when  reporters  and  others 
sought  my  reaction  to  Duke's  being  ranked 
somewhere  in  the  top  ten:  "It's  nice  to  have 
confirmed  what  we  know  about  the  quality 
of  our  students  and  faculty.  But  magazine 
ratings  are  really  designed  to  help  sell  maga- 
zines. Students  should  visit  a  campus,  spend 
real  time  learning  about  the  academic  pro- 
grams, and  determine  whether  or  riot  they 
have  the  right  fit  with  a  particular  institu- 
tion." I  still  think  that's  very  sound  advice. 

Burness ,  visiting  professor  of  the  practice 
of  public  policy,  previously  served  as  senior 
vice  president  for  public  affairs  and  government 
relations.  A  longer  version  of  this  essay  origi- 
nally appeared  in  The  Chronicle  of  Higher 
Education,  September  5,  2008. 


www.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


April  r/-'l  9,20!® 


Recapture  the  fun,  the  friendships, 
and  the  magic  of  your  Duke  experience. 

Reunions  Weekend  features  Duke  Arts  and  Academics,  beginning  with 
Spotlight  Speakers  on  Friday:  Kevin  White,  Duke's  new  director  of 
athletics;  and  Reggie  Love  '05,  personal  assistant  to  President-elect 
Barack  Obama.  Look  for  Saturday  sessions  on  going  green,  the  new 
face  of  feminism,  future  foreign  policy,  and  21st-century  sexuality — 
plus  music,  dance,  and  art  from  students,  faculty,  and  alumni. 

Reunions  begin  online  at  www.DukeReunions.com 

Click  on  your  class  year  to  see  lodging  and  travel  options,  who  is 
coming,  what  they've  been  doing,  and  to  submit  your  own  class  note. 

Reunions  2009  -  Engage  •  Connect  •  Celebrate 


V 


Duke 

ALUMNI    ASSOCIATION 


DUKE,. 


BOX    90572.    Dl 


TOM    HARKINS 

P0  BOX  99262 
DURHAM  NC  27708- 


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online  this  issue  explore.coiniect.do  more 


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lead  additional  reflections  not  featured  in  print  and  view  a  Google  map  with 
orld  War  II  experiences  to  be  included  online. 


Marine  Lab  Watch  videos  about  coastal  research  from  Duke  Marine  Lab  faculty  members. 
FCC's  Martin  L( 


Full  Frame  Join  Duke  University  Photography  in  a  behind-the-scei 
of  this  year's  men's  basketball  team  poster. 


0 

r            -i 

1 

Mind  Benders 
Daily  Show  Pro 
Division  of  Species 


of  lomorrow 


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■MMMHnMnninMl 

mm  3m8    EDS 

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Cover:  The  Golden  Gate. 
Photo  by  Jim  Wilson,  20L 


Vol.  95,  No.  2 


EDITOR:  Robert  J.  Bliwise  A.M. '88 

MANAGING  EDITOR:  Znr  Imj.ill-. 

SENIOR  WRITER:  Bridget  Booher  '82,  A.M.  '92 

CLAY  FELKER  MAGAZINE  FELLOWS: 

Jacob  Dagger  '03 

Aaron  Kirschenfeld  '07 

SENIOR  EDITORIAL  ASSISTANT:  Kate  Bailey 

PUBLISHERS:  SterlyL.  Wilder  '83  and 

Peter  Vaughn 

STUDENT  INTERNS:  Chrissy  DiNitola  '11 

Tina  Mao  '11,  Kevin  Plattenburg  '12 

Connor  Southard  '12,  Sarah  Takvorian  '10 

SberrilYuen'12 

DESIGN  CONSULTANT: 

Maxine  Mills  Graphic  Design 

PRINTER:  Progress  Printing 


D^T  TT   ^    1       1       Magazine 

M  I    >T  i  MARCH-APRIL  2009 


ww.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


OFFICERS,  DUKE  ALUMNI  ASSOCIATION: 
Ann  Pelham  74,  president 
SterlyL.  Wilder '83,  secretary-treasurei 
EDITORIAL  ADVISORY  BOARD: 


Sarah  Hardesty  Bray  '72:  Jennifer  Farmer  '96 
Jerrold  K.  Footlick:  Robbyn  Footlick  '85 
Edward  M.  Gomez  '79;  Devin  Gordon  '98 
Kerry  E.Hannon '82;  John  Harwood '78 
Dave  Karger  '95;  Nora  Krug  '92 
Stephen  Labaton  A.M./J.D.  '86 
Hugo  Lindgren  '90;  Sara  Lipka  '01 
Julia  Livshin '96;  Valerie  A.  May '77 
Susannah  Meadows  '95;  Michael  Milstein  '88 
N.Page  Murray  III  '85;  Will  Pearson  '01 
Lauren  Porcaro  '96;  Shaun  Raviv  '01 
Richard  Reeves;  Jim  Rosentield '81 
Susan  Tifft  73;  Greg  Veis  '03;  Jane  Vessels  77 
David  Walters  '04;  James  O.Wilson  74 
Shelby  Oppel  Wood  '95;  Robert  J.  Bliwise  A.M.  '88, 
secretary;  Clay  Felker  '51,  founding  chair 
DUKE  MAGAZINE  Box  90572,  Durham,  N.C.  27708 
PHONE:  (919)  684-2875;  FAX:  (919)  681-1659 
E-MAIL:  dukemagS'duke.edu 
ADDRESS  CHANGES:  Alumni  Records, 
Box  90581, 


Still  Moments  photos  by  Jim  Wilson;  introductory  essay  by  Bridget  Booher 

A  longtime  New  York  Times  photographer  has  captured  the  sweeping  currents  of  history, 

from  natural  disasters  to  politicians  caught  in  unguarded  moments 

Clip  Artist  by  David  Walters 

As  senior  producer,  chief  researcher,  and  self-styled  "cataloguer  of  lies,"  alumnus 

Adam  Chodikoff  is  a  vital  link  in  the  comedic  ecosystem  of  The  Daily  Show  with  Jon  Stewart 

Descended  from  Darwin  by  Karl  Lei/  Bates 

How  does  one  species  become  two,  and  what  keeps  them  that  way?  Why  isn't  there 

just  one  good,  all-purpose  fruit  fly?  Charles  Darwin  didn't  know  the  details;  biology  professor 

Mohammed  Noor  has  a  few  ideas 

Study  Binge  by  Robert].  Bliwise 

The  illicit  use  of  drugs  prescribed  to  treat  attention  disorders  is  fraught  with  medical, 
legal,  and  ethical  concerns — even  as  it  expresses  the  human  imperative  to  work 
with  ever-greater  efficiency 


Departments 
Quad  Quotes 

Good  times  for  soup,  new  goals  for  engineering,  better  pay  for  judges 

Forum 

Crime  happens,  reading  declines,  evolution  triumphs 


Full  Frame 

Linked  in  the  library 


1 2009  Duke  University 
Published  bimonthly  by  the 
Office  of  Alumni  Affairs 


Enlarging  the  applicant  pool,  collaborating  in  the  arts,  mapping  the  oceans, 
gauging  the  aging  brain;  Campus  Observer:  inventions  for  the  disabled; 
Q&A:  finding  a  future  for  journalism 

Alumni  Register 

Intellectual  excitement  and  the  Duke  Idea,  study  abroad  and  a  welcome-back  party, 

two  generations  and  a  shared  board  role;  Retrospective:  the  road  to  the  Rhodes;  mini-profiles: 

health  crusader,  barbecue  promoter,  character-driven  actor 

Under  the  Gargoyle 

Literature  redefined 


Between 
the  Lines 


n  a  recent  afternoon,  it  was 
standing-room  only  in  a  lecture 
hall.  The  occasion  was  what 
members  of  the  biology  depart- 
ment had  labeled  "Noorfest,"  a  celebra- 
tion of  their  colleague  Mohamed  Noor. 

Noor,  whose  work  is  featured  in  this 
issue,  was  just  back  from  London.  He 
was  there  to  receive  a  Darwin- Wallace 
Medal,  awarded  by  the  Linnean  Society 
on  an  impressively  infrequent  basis — it's 
been  every  fifty  years,  though  the  pace 
will  now  accelerate — to  a  handful  of 
individuals  for  "major  advances  in  evo- 
lutionary biology."  The  latest  awards 
coincided  with  the  200th  birthday  of 
Charles  Darwin. 

Modern  science,  Noor  told  his  London 
audience,  has  made  great  strides  in  map- 
ping out  the  genetic  underpinnings  of 
life.  Still,  he  said,  a  full  understanding  of 
evolution  "requires  observing  organisms 
carefully  in  their  natural  environment," 
much  in  the  spirit  of  Darwin. 

At  the  Noorfest,  his  undergraduate, 
graduate,  and  postdoctoral  advisers  paid 
tribute  to  their  former  student.  Noor,  it 
was  noted,  published  his  first  paper  just 
three  years  into  graduate  school,  having 
stuck  with  a  topic  that  he  was  told  would 
lead  nowhere.  Seven  other  papers  quickly 
followed;  the  total  is  now  around  eighty. 

The  three  older  scientists  talked 
about  their  former  student's  scholarly 
drive  (and  his  driving  for  fast  food). 
Other  characteristics  made  him  a  natu- 
ral selection  for  acclaim:  Noor's  under- 
graduate mentor  called  him  "one  of  the 
nicest  human  beings  on  the  planet." 

For  Duke  Magazine,  this  issue  marks  a 
Clay  Felker  Fellow  evolution.  The  newly 
married  Jacob  Dagger  '03,  whose  range 
as  a  writer  and  depth  as  a  thinker  provi 
to  be  remarkable,  is  bound  for  the  Bay 
Area.  His  successor,  Aaron  Kirschenfeld 
'07,  has  been  a  Chronicle  columnist,  a 
magazine-journalism  standout  student,  a 
B.N.  Duke  Scholar,  and  the  Blue  Devil 
mascot — a  background  that  promises  to 
keep  editorial  spirits  high 

— Robert].  BUwise 


ly 

ed 


ih. 

rt].  Bliwise,  editor 
•.duke.edu 


QUAD  QUOTES 


"This  portrays  a  very  pessi- 
mistic outlook  for  the  con- 
sumer. There  will  be  a  high 
demand  for  soup — perhaps 
from  the  soup  kitchens?" 
—Campbell  Harvey,  J.  Paul 
Sticht  Professor  of  interna- 
tional business  at  the  Fuqua 
School,  writing  about  an 
economic  assessment  that 
determined  Campbell  Soup 
Company  was  less  likely  to 
default  on  its  debt  than  the 
U.S.  government,  on  the  blog 
Duke  Research  Advantage 

"Come  on,  replace  Steve? 
No.  He's  irreplaceable." 

-Tim  Cook  M.B.A.  '88,  in  a 

November  2008  article  in 

Fortune;  Cook  assumed  the 

responsibility  for  Apple  Inc.'s 

daily  operations  from  an  ailing 

Steve  Jobs  in  January 

"I  was  hoping  for  a  moral 
epiphany  that  this  was 
wrong,  but  alas,  capitalism 
did  what  dignity  didn't." 

—Norman  Underwood  '08, 
on  the  closing  of  the  contro- 
versial website  Juicycampus. 
com,  in  The  Chronicle  of 
Higher  Education.  Launched 
by  Matt  Ivester  '05,  the 
site  allowed  people  to  post 
anonymous  and  often 
salacious  messages  about 
classmates.  Ivester  blamed 
the  site's  demise  on  dwindl- 
ing ad  revenue 

"Doctors  should  be  making 
efforts  to  curb  these  higher- 
order  multiple  gestations, 
but  it  really  is  still  up  to  the 
individual  physician.  There 
aren't  any  laws  or  legal  ram- 
ifications to  it." 

— Geeta  Swamy,  an  assistant 

professor  of  obstetrics  and 

gynecology  at  Duke,  on  the 

January  birth  of  octuplets  to  a 

woman  in  California,  in  the  Los 

Angeles  Times 

"Vive  la  France,  vive  le 

Fresnoy,  vive  Duke!" 

—George  McLendon,  dean  of 

the  faculty  of  Arts  &  Sciences 

and  dean  of  Trinity  College, 


on  his  blog  The  Dean's  List, 

about  the  establishment 

of  a  collaborative  effort 

between  Duke  and  Le  Fresnoy, 

France's  National  Studio  for 

Contemporary  Arts 

"I  could  just  see  Godzilla 
coming  over  the  top  of  the 
chapel  and  coming  onto 
the  quad." 

—Vice  President  for  Student 

Affairs  Larry  Moneta,  on  the 

issue  of  extending  on-campus 

filming  rights  to  Hollywood 

outlets,  in  The  Chronicle 

"One  of  the  barriers  to  treat- 
ment with  acupuncture  is 
getting  people  to  under- 


stand that  while  needles  are 
used,  it  is  not  a  painful 
experience.  It  is  a  method 
for  releasing  your  body's 
own  natural  painkillers." 

— Tong  Joo  Gan,  professor  of 
anesthesiology,  whose 
research  shows  acupuncture 
works  better  than  pharmaceu- 
tical drugs  to  reduce  the  sever- 
ity and  frequency  of  chronic 
headaches,  on  ABC  News 

"As  we  emerge  from  eight 
years  of  extravagant  execu- 
tive claims  of  unreviewable 
authority,  Congress  should  be 
especially  scrupulous  about 


having  a  solid  legal  basis  for 
controversial  actions." 
—Walter  Dellinger,  Douglas  6. 
Maggs  Professor  Emeritus  of 
law,  on  Congressional  dis- 
agreement over  the  seating  of 
Sen.  Roland  Burris,  in  The  New 
York  Times 

"Some  of  our  greatest 
energy  challenges  require 
engineering  breakthroughs, 
not  scientific  discoveries. 
The  principles  that  explain 
how  a  battery  works,  for 
example,  are  old  news. 
But  a  lightweight  and 
cost-effective  battery  pack 


with  enough  juice  to  power 

a  car  over  long  distances 

remains  an  elusive  goal." 

—Henry  Petroski,  Aleksandar 

S.  Vesic  Professor  of  civil 

engineering  and  professor  of 

history,  in  an  op-ed  in  The 

Washington  Post;  Petroski 

argues  that  engineering 

advances  will  be  crucial  to 

the  Obama  administration's 

energy  policy 

"Anger  kills.  It's  not  just  that 
it  can  damage  your  heart — 
which  it  does — but  it's  also 
been  found  in  epidemiolog- 
ical studies  to  identify  peo- 
ple who  are  more  likely  to 


have  a  heart  attack  or  drop 
dead  from  any  cause." 

-Redford  Williams,  director 

of  Duke's  Behavioral  Medicine 

Research  Center,  on  the 

results  of  a  study  that 

found  high  levels  of  stress  in 

young  mothers,  on 

parenting.com 

"The  country  wants  and 
deserves  the  strongest  possi- 
ble judiciary,  and  we  should 
be  willing  to  pay  for  that." 

—David  F.  Levi,  dean  of  Duke 

Law  School,  in  The  New  York 

Times,  on  whether  Congress 

should  raise  the  salaries  of 

federal  judges 


"So,  if  we're  really  going  to 
help  people  quit,  this  em- 
phasizes the  need  to  do  more 
than  tell  people  to  resist 
temptation.  We  also  have 
to  help  them  break  that  ha- 
bitual response." 
—Joseph  McClernon,  associate 
professor  of  psychiatry  and 
behavioral  sciences  at  Duke 
Medical  Center,  on  the  results 
of  a  new  study  conducted 
at  Duke  that  suggests  failure 
to  quit  smoking  is  linked  to 
seeing  images  of  smoking,  in 
The  Washington  Post 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     March-April  2009 


Forum 


Campus  Crime 


Your  recent  article  on  crime 
at  Duke  ["Crime  Happens," 
November-December  2008] 
documents  well  the  changes 
to  security  occurring  on 
campus  since  the  violent 
tragedies  at  Virginia  Tech 
and  other  U.S.  campuses 
last  year.  I  appreciate  the 
open  discussion  of  crime  at 
Duke  and  the  challenges  in 
making  it  safer. 

However,  a  fully  honest 
discussion  of  campus  crime 
would  have  to  include  sexu- 
al violence,  which,  with  the 
exception  of  a  mention  of  the 
lacrosse  scandal,  was  glar- 
ingly absent  here.  Several 
acts  of  sexual  violence 
against  students  occur  on 
and  around  campus  each 
semester  (ten  in  2005,  ac- 
cording to  Duke's  Annual 
Crime  Report).  By  excluding 
sexual  violence,  your  article 
perpetuates  the  silence  that 
so  often  surrounds  this  crime, 
silence  that  keeps  many  of 
its  victims  from  coming  for- 
ward and  seeking  help. 

Joel  Sholtes  '04 
Carrboro,  North  Carolina 

Editor's  note:  A  cover  story 
focusing  on  sexual  assault  on 
campus,  "The  Silent  Epidemic," 
ran  in  the  March- April  2005 
issue  of  Duke  Magazine. 

Ms.  Booher  states  that  "back 
then,"  things  might  not 
have  been  as  safe  as  now. 
I  was  at  Duke  in  a  back- 
then  period,  '52  to  '56. 
Things  were  very  safe.  No 
dorm  doors  were  locked; 
books,  coats,  umbrellas, 
and  anything  else  that  you 
left  in  the  dining  halls  were 


safe  until  you  retrieved  them. 

There  were  beer  parties, 
usually  at  a  gate,  and  parties 
on  weekends,  seldom  cam- 
pus cops,  and  never  locals, 
and  I  am  not  sure  what  a 
bacchanalian  free-for-all  is. 

Mark  P.  Johnson  Jr.  '56 
Charlotte 

Precision  Relative 

I  laughed  when  I  read  that 
Dr.  Scott  Huettel  [Ph.D. 
'99]  is  attracted  to  econom- 
ics because  of  its  "precision" 
["Let  It  Ride,"  November- 
December  2008].  The 
world's  economic  systems 
are  failing,  the  markets  are 
in  turmoil,  the  best  brains 
are  clueless  (other  than  the 
Democrats'  certainty  that 
it's  all  Bush's  fault),  and  he 
likes  it  because  of  its  preci- 
sion. What  a  wiggly  world 
psychologists  must  live  in. 

Bob  Anderson  '55 
The  Villages,  Florida 

Funky  Times 

The  Big  Funk  photo  [Regis- 
ter, November-December 
2008]  made  me  smile.  It  was 
taken  in  October  1969. 1 
missed  the  photo  op  by  a  few 
minutes  but  enjoyed  seeing 
many  old  friends.  Just  to  let 
you  know,  the  fellow  in  the 
upper  left  corner  was  Hutch 
Traver  71,  the  student-body 
president. 

Harold  Stull  70 
Kensington,  Maryland 

As  one  of  the  proprietors  of 
Big  Funk,  it  was  sweet  to  see 
my  old  friends,  living  and 
dead,  at  that  wonderful  mo- 


ment so  many  years  ago,  and 
I  send  them  kisses  and  love 
because  they  all  deserve  it.  I 
hope  to  see  at  least  one  or 
more  of  them  before  I  die.  By 
the  way,  who  took  that  pic- 
ture? He  knows  who  he  is. 
ArtMcTighe  '70 
Hightstown,  New  Jersey 

I  hope  you  don't  mind  hear- 
ing from  one  of  the  ne'er  do 
wells  from  the  Class  of  '71 
who  didn't  make  it  to  grad- 
uation. 

The  turmoil  of  the  1960s 
interrupted  my  Duke  educa- 
tion, so  the  memories  I  have 
are  all  too  fleeting.  An  orig- 
inal print  of  the  "Big  Funk" 
photo  hangs  framed  on  my 
wall  as  a  reminder,  howev- 
er, and  I  challenge  any  one 
of  the  alumni  of  those  years 
to  see  me  now  and  then 
identify' me  in  that  photo! ! 

The  spirit  of  those  times 
is  still  not  winning  the  bat- 
tle, but  it  should  add  some 
perspective  to  today's  over- 
whelming problems,  as  the 
downfall  of  corporate  greed 
echoes  through  the  upcom- 
ing months.  The  incoming 
administration  stands  on  our 
shoulders,  and  as  we  work 
through  the  difficulties  fac- 
ing us,  remember  that  our 
children  have  the  same 
dreams  that  we  once  had. 
Jonathan  Stein  '71 
Philadelphia 

Editor's  note:  Because  of  the 
enthusiastic  response  to  the 
photo  of  the  Big  Funk,  we've 
set  up  a  special  feedback  page 
on  our  website  where  alumni 
can  go  to  share  more  informa- 
tion about  the  photo:  www. 
dukemagazine .  duke  .edu. 


In  Search  of 
Knowledge 


Regarding  Reynolds  Price's 
comments  in  Under  the 
Gargoyle  ["Teaching  Mil- 
ton," November-December 
2008],  if  Duke  students  have 
read  "so  little  of  anything," 
why  are  they  admitted? 

Jack  Brown  '69 
Terrace  Park,  Ohio 

Here  is  a  suggestion  as  to 
why  Duke  students  have 
read  so  little:  Elaborate  "bias 
and  sensitivity  guidelines" 
now  govern  textbook  pro- 
duction for  public  schools. 

The  scope  of  this  self- 
censorship  is  detailed  in  New 
York  University  education 
historian  Diane  Ravitch's 
widely  acclaimed  The  lan- 
guage Police:  How  Pressure 
Groups  Restrict  What  Students 
Lsam(2003). 

At  the  elementary  level, 
moreover,  public  schools 
avoid  teaching  basic  infor- 
mation children  will  need 
to  comprehend  more  diffi- 
cult material  in  later  years. 
I  recommend  E.D.  Hirsch 
Jr.'s  new  book,  The  Knowl- 
edge Deficit.  From  the  press 
release:  "Our  children ... 
are  subjected  to  a  watered- 
down  curriculum  that  fails 
to  build  the  background 
knowledge  essential  to  read- 
ing comprehension ...  by 
fourth  grade,  students'  defi- 
cit in  background  knowl- 
edge trips  them  up  ...  [leaves 
them]  starved  for  facts — 
facts  about  history,  geogra- 
phy, science,  literature, 
mathematics,  music,  and 
art.  Because  of  their  knowl- 
edge deficit,  students  can- 


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not  comprehend  the  texts 
they  are  asked  to  read  in 
fourth  grade  and  beyond." 

Schooling  in  America  is, 
in  effect,  a  protected  mon- 
opoly of  state  and  local 
governments.  It's  time  to 
rethink  that  arrangement. 

TomShuford.B.SM.E.  '68 
Lenoir,  North  Carolina 

The  correspondent  is  a  retired 
elementary-school  teacher. 


Letters  and 

More  Letters 

It's  hard  to  believe  that  a 
Duke  graduate  such  as  Jim 
Robinson  75  would  ques- 
tion the  theory  of  evolution 
[Forum,  November-Decem- 
ber 2008]  in  this  year,  which 
marks  the  bicentennial  cel- 
ebration of  the  birth  of 
Charles  Darwin  and  150 
years  since  the  publication  of 
his  On  the  Origin  of  Species. 
I  believe  there  are  no  repu- 
table biologists  who  cur- 
rently question  evolution  by 
natural  selection  as  the  ex- 
planation of  species  change. 


Did  Robinson  graduate 
without  taking  any  biology 
or  zoology  courses?  Or  did 
he  just  not  believe  what  his 
professors  tried  to  teach  him? 

ErdmanPahnore  '52,  Ph.D.  '59 
Chapel  Hill 

The  correspondent  is  a 
professor  emeritus  of  medical 
sociology  at  Duke. 

I  am  writing  in  response  to 
a  letter  printed  in  the  No- 
vember-December Forum. 
I  want  to  thank  the  editors 
for  publishing  this  rant 
written  by  Rita  White.  Ms. 
White  mocks  the  "gay  peo- 
ple literature"  supplied  to 
incoming  freshmen  of  Duke 
University  and  "wonder[s] 
where  the  heterosexual 
meetings  [are]  being  held." 

Many  Americans,  includ- 
ing myself,  were  raised  in 
cities  or  areas  within  cities 
that  are  extremely  homoge- 
neous. Incoming  freshmen 
and  parents  should  view  the 
university  experience  as  an 
opportunity  to  broaden 
their  horizons  and  use  the 
university's  resources  to 


educate  themselves  not 
solely  on  topics  pertaining 
to  their  majors  but  also 
open  their  eyes  to  the 
greater  world.  Our  global 
society  requires  future  lead- 
ers who  embrace  those  who 
are  both  similar  to  and  dif- 
ferent from  themselves  in 
terms  of  socioeconomics, 
politics,  race,  ethnicity,  cul- 
ture, religion,  and  even  sex- 
ual orientation. 

Certainly  Ms.  White  has 
the  right  to  voice  her  opin- 
ion, but  in  doing  so,  she 
unintentionally  communi- 
cates an  argument  that 
counters  her  own.  Her  in- 
eloquent  letter  of  ignorance 
further  illustrates  the  need 
for  literature  educating  and 
promoting  tolerance.  I 
commend  Duke  for  its  efforts 
to  create  an  awareness  of 
diversity  on  campus  and 
promote  feelings  of  equality 
for  its  student  body. 

Kelly  M.CaprioD.P.T.  '06 
New  York 

In  the  wee  hours  of  a  Sunday 
morning  in  my  junior  year 
at  Duke  in  the  late  1960s, 


Join  the  Funk:  Help  identify 
those  pictured  here  by  visiting 
Duke  Magazine  online. 


several  inebriated  fraternity 
brothers  beat  on  my  dormi- 
tory door  and  yelled  an  anti- 
gay  slur,  perhaps  perceiving 
that  I  was  different  from 
them  in  ways  that  even  I 
didn't  realize  at  the  time: 
an  independent  living  in 
an  on-campus  fraternity 
and  a  financial-aid  student 
^  grappling  with  his  sexual 
1  identity. 

€,     Fast  forward  forty  years 
I  after  a  career  in  education, 
I  journalism,  and  public 
|  relations,  and  Rita  White 
P  '  1 0  wants  to  know  "why 
it  is  that  these  [LGBT]  peo- 
ple feel  they  have  to  an- 
nounce their  orientation  to 
the  world." 

Reading  this  letter  from  a 
Duke  parent,  I  felt  both  re- 
vulsion and  pity — not  unlike 
the  feeling  many  people  to- 
day might  have  looking  at 
the  photographs  of  white 
boys  and  girls  spewing  hatred 
toward  the  black  students 
who  were  integrating  Cen- 
tral High  School  in  Little 
Rock,  Arkansas,  in  1957. 
For  Mrs.  White,  it  seems  that 
gay  men  and  lesbians  are 
"those"  people,  "others"  who 
have  these  peculiar  "life 
styles"  and  who  are  demand- 
ing "special"  rights.  You  see, 
she  suggests,  they  are  not  like 
you  and  me:  "these  people" 
should  remain  invisible, 
just  as  African  Americans 
were  invisible  in  1968,  when 
I  wrote  a  class  paper  on  the 
desegregation  of  television 
commercials. 

Gay  men  and  lesbians  can- 
not afford  to  be  invisible 
when  in  2008  a  fifteen-year- 
old  boy  can  be  killed  for  pre- 
senting a  valentine  to  his 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     March-April  2009 


same-sex  classmate,  or  when 
our  loving  relationships  are 
not  recognized  in  a  legal 
document.  We  must  speak 
up  to  change  ignorant  and 
prejudiced  opinions  and  at- 
titudes. We  must  come  out 
of  the  closet  to  combat 
stereotypes  and  to  affirm  our 
common  decency  and  basic 
humanity.  All  I  want  for 
LGBT  students  is  what  Mrs. 
White  wants  for  her  son  and 
daughter:  to  have  meaning- 
ful, caring,  and  supportive 
relationships  that  will  help 
them  lead  happier  and 
more  productive  lives. 

Pender  M.McCarter  '68 
Washington 


Defending 
Werber's  Memory 

I  read  with  some  dismay 
the  recent  reply  to  the  Bill 
Werber  article  posted  by 
Professor  Emeritus  Klopfer 
[Forum,  January-February 
2009].  While  certainly 
not  defending  those  actions 
of  Mr.  Werber,  I  cannot 
help  but  wonder  why  so 
many  expect  persons  of 
Mr.  Werber's  era  to  accept 
social  change  so  easily,  yet 
these  same  individuals 
refuse  to  acknowledge  the 
social  climate  in  which 
Mr.  Werber  and  many  of 
his  generation  were  raised. 


[It  was]  a  totally  segregated 
society,  and  these  values 
remained  with  them  for 
life.  The  sudden  and  caustic 
changes  of  the  1960s  dis- 
turbed the  world  in  which 
they  were  raised,  and  many 
reacted  in  inappropriate 
measures  by  our  standards 
of  today. 

The  letter  by  Professor 
Klopfer  mentioned  his 
libel  suit,  supported  by 
the  university  president. 
This  action  does  not  sur- 
prise me.  While  I  would 
most  likely  have  done 
the  same,  it  strikes  me  as 
rather  interesting  that  the 
university  president  who 


supported  the  suit  was 
the  same  one  responsible 
for  the  early  retirements 
of  legendary  coaches 
Vic  Bubbas  and  Bill 
Murray.... 

I  am  glad  that  Mr.  Wer- 
ber did  not  have  to  pay 
damages  since  damage  by 
Professor  Klopfer  could  not 
be  substantiated,  and  it  is 
unfortunate  that  donations 
to  the  university  fell  off  as 

well I  would  refrain  from 

directly  blaming  Mr.  Wer- 
ber for  the  decline  in  alum- 
ni gifts:  It  was  most  likely  in 
response  to  the  changing 
social  climate  of  the  time. 
Sadly,  a  similar  climate  of 


Supporting  the  Duke  Student- Athlete  Since  1970 


Duke  University  takes  great  pride  in  knowing  that  our  student-athletes  embody  the  true 
spirit  of  what  college  athletics  is  all  about.  Whether  it  is  on  the  field,  in  the  classroom, 
or  in  the  community,  the  men  and  women  who  wear  the  Duke  jersey  are  without  a  doubt 
what  makes  Duke  Athletics  so  special.  For  more  information  on  how  you  can  support 
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professors  still  exists  at 
Duke — professors  with  a 
mindset  against  athletes 
and  athletics. 

I  also  wonder  how  many 
students  Professor  Klopfer 
was  responsible  for  bringing 
to  Duke.  I  seriously  doubt 
it  was  as  many  as  Bill  Wer- 
ber  was  responsible  for  [at- 
tracting]. 

Sadly,  Professor  Klopfer's 
letter  appeared  just  days 
after  Mr.  Werber's  passing, 
and  I  found  the  letter  in 
poor  taste.  The  original 
article  was  meant  to  cele- 
brate the  life  and  accom- 
plishments of  Mr.  Werber, 
who  until  his  death,  was 


the  oldest  living  former 
major-league  baseball  play- 
er, and  Duke's  first  basket- 
ball All- American. 

To  his  family,  my  condo- 
lences and  apologies  for 
the  poor  timing  of  Professor 
Klopfer's  reply.  To  the  pro- 
fessor, kudos  for  standing 
up  for  his  rights,  but  this 
was  neither  the  time  nor 
the  place  to  bring  up  old 
wounds.  The  letter  was 
written  with  malice  over 
the  past,  and  I  would  have 
hoped  that  both  of  these 
Duke  men  could  have 
moved  on. 

Thomas  Dorse}  A.M. '00 

Greenville ,  North  Carolina 


Corrections:  The  name  of 
employee  Rayford  Cofer 
was  misspelled  in  "Crime 
Happens,"  November- 
December,  2008. 

The  byline  for  "Island 
Paradise:  With  Home- 
work" on  the  Duke  Marine 
Lab,  which  appeared  in 
the  January-February  2009 
issue,  was  inadvertently 
omitted.  The  author  is 
Robert  J.  Bliwise,  editor. 

In  "We  Were  Soldiers 
Once  and  Young" 
(January-February  2009), 
several  unintentional 


editing  errors  were  made 
in  the  excerpt  by  Donald 
Bright  Buckley. 

His  account  refers  to 
picket  destroyers  equipped 
with  carrier-quality  plots 
(not  pilots),  and  the  ref- 
erence to  MCA  Records 
should  have  read  MCA 
(Music  Corporation  of 
America). 

In  "The  Perfect  Parabola," 
Observer,  January-Feb- 
ruary 2009,  David  Need- 
ham  was  incorrectly  iden- 
tified. He  is  a  professor  of 
mechanical  engineering 
and  materials  science. 


Jump-Start 


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(Campus  tours  offered  Saturday,  June  20,  at  9:30  a.m.) 

Registration  and  information  brochure  will  be 
mailed  to  you  by  May  1. 

www.forum.dukealumni.com 


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DUKE  MAGAZINE     March-April  2009 


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P    STUDY 


I 


Gazette 

ACROSS  THE  CAMPUS 


Lowery  Invokes  MLK 

On  a  cold  Sunday  afternoon  during 
Duke's  annual  Martin  Luther  King 
Jr.  commemoration,  civil  rights  ac- 
tivist and  King's  colleague  the  Rev. 
Joseph  E.  Lowery  called  on  the  congrega- 
tion in  a  packed  Duke  Chapel  to  join  him  in 
becoming  "chaplains  of  the  common  good." 
To  the  delight  of  a  highly  energetic  Duke 
and  Durham  community  audience,  Lowery, 
one  of  the  leaders  of  the  1965  march  from 
Selma  to  Montgomery,  Alabama,  led  a  ser- 
vice that  was  part  revival,  part  political 
rally,  and  part  celebration  of  King's  life. 

"What  better  context  than  this  celebra- 
tion of  Martin  Luther  King  [Jr.]  is  there  to 
pledge  to  be  like  him,  a  man  who  was  more 
comfortable  serving  than  being  served  and 
had  a  deep  and  radical  commitment  to  the 
common  good.  This  holiday  honors  him  as  a 
man,  scholar,  preacher,  teacher,  crusader, 
healer,  and  troublemaker.  But  we  can't  stop 
with  honoring  him;  truth  be  told,  he'd  be  a 
bit  embarrassed  by  all  the  attention  directed 
toward  him,"  Lowery  said. 

"Too  often,  in  our  country,  we've  cele- 
brated the  messenger  but  ignored  the  mes- 


sage—  Martin  was  more  than  a  dreamer. 
That's  why  we  need  to  move  from  just  social 
service  to  social  change.. . .  It's  nice  to  help 
an  old  lady  cross  the  road — that's  some- 
thing Martin  would  do.  But  we  should  also 
be  checking  to  see  if  the  streets  these  old 
ladies  live  on  are  properly  paved." 

Lowery,  who,  two  days  after  his  Duke  visit, 
delivered  the  benediction  at  President  Ba- 
rack  Obama's  inauguration,  admitted  that 
he  cried  on  Election  Day.  He  praised  Obama 
for  pledging  to  use  "diplomacy  as  his  pri- 
mary weapon,"  rather  than  "military  solu- 
tions in  countries  that  have  no  solutions." 

Decrying  the  "greed  and  corruption"  that 
led  to  the  current  recession,  Lowery  noted 
that  "there's  something  wrong  with  a  sys- 
tem where  a  handful  of  people  have  more 
money  than  ever,  while  the  rest  of  us  have 
less  than  we've  ever  had." 

He  took  a  swipe  at  supporters  of  a  Cali- 
fornia proposition  to  ban  same-sex  marriage. 
"Laws  are  supposed  to  protect  rights,  not  de- 
ny them,"  he  said. 

He  also  called  for  the  new  president  and 
cabinet — as  well  as  all  his  new  Durham  "chap- 
lains of  the  common  good" — to  work  with 
educators  to  bring  the  "strongest  resources" 


Say  "Amen":  Lowery's  rousing  oratory  brought 
chapel  crowd,  which  included  President  Richard  H. 
Brodhead,  to  its  feet. 

to  the  poorest  schools,  rather  than  giving  the 
"weakest  resources  to  the  poorest  schools." 

Lowery's  forty-five-minute  speech — pre- 
ceded by  music  from  the  100  Black  Male 
Choir,  African  drumming  and  dance,  jazz, 
and  greetings  from  Jewish  and  Muslim  rep- 
resentatives— brought  the  audience  to  its 
feet  several  times,  evoking  both  laughter 
and  "amens."  Joking  that  he  keeps  trying  un- 
successfully to  retire,  Lowery  said,  tongue- 
in-cheek,  "I'm  just  trying  to  figure  out  how 
to  take  up  an  offering  from  three  million 
people"  in  Washington. 

Marshall  Scholars 

Two  Duke  seniors  involved  in  labora- 
tory research  have  been  awarded  Mar- 
shall Scholarships  to  continue  their 
studies  after  graduation. 
Sally  Liu,  from  San  Diego,  California,  is  a 
premed  student  and  accomplished  lab  re- 
searcher who  pole  vaults  on  the  Duke  track 
team.  She  intends  to  study  public  health  at 


Avw.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


Get  links  to  on.ine  content  related  to  Gazette  stories:  www.duk. 


the  London  School  of  Hygiene  and  Tropi- 
cal Medicine  and  at  the  London  School  of 
Economics  for  the  next  two  years. 

Dan  Roberts,  from  Melville,  New  York,  is  a 
double-major  in  electrical  and  computer 
engineering  and  physics  and  is  involved  in 
electromagnetic  research.  After  earning  a 
certificate  of  advanced  study  in  mathemat- 
ics at  the  University  of  Cambridge,  he  will 
join  the  London  lab  of  John  Pendry,  a  pio- 
neer in  the  field  of  transformational  optics. 

Established  in  1953  to  commemorate  the 
Marshall  Plan,  the  scholarships  are  awarded 
each  year  to  forty  or  more  "talented,  inde- 
pendent, and  wide-ranging"  young  Ameri- 


cans to  finance  two  years  of  grad 
uate  study  in  the  United  Kingdom 

Liu,  who  has  already  been  ac 
cepted  by  seven  of  the  medica 
schools  she  applied  to,  will  defer  ad 
mission  while  she  earns  two  mas 
ter's  degrees — one  in  public  health 
and  health  policy,  and  one  in 
planning  and  financing.  "Having 
spent  time  focusing  on  cells  and 
the  molecular  level  of  life  as  an 
undergraduate,  it  will  be  great  to 
be  looking  at  things  from  a  more  macro 
level,"  Liu  says. 

An  A.B.  Duke  Scholar,  Liu  has  worked  in 


Brilliant  prospects:  Liu,  top,  and  Roberts. 


a  Duke  biology  lab  with  assistant 
research  professor  Nina  Sher- 
wood Ph.D.  '98,  studying  muscu- 
lar disorders  in  fruit  flies,  and  had 
some  clinical  experience  with  pa- 
tients in  Duke's  Preston  Robert 
H  Tisch  Brain  Tumor  Center.  Flu- 
■J  ent  in  Mandarin  Chinese,  she  has 
S  also  worked  at  the  Xi'an  Jiaotong 
^  University  in  China  and  the  Uni- 
versity of  California  at  San  Diego. 

This  spring  will  probably  be  the  final  sea- 
son of  her  pole-vaulting  career,  Liu  says. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     March-April  2009 


Gazette 


ACROSS  THE  CAMPUS 


\f" 


BY  THE  NUMBERS 

Qreen  Duke 


•v*\ 


%  \  V  V  V    *< 


«    *      "4, 


% 


V 


Toyota  Matrixes — are  available  for  rent  by 
all  employees  and  students  who  are  eight- 
een or  older  and  meet  eligibility  require- 
ments. 

The  cars  are  parked  in  specially  marked 
spaces  by  the  West  Campus  bus  stop  on 
Chapel  Drive  and  also  at  the  surface  lot  by 
the  Bryan  Center  parking  garage. 

To  join  Zipcar,  participants  pay  a  $35  regis- 
tration fee  that  is  applied  as  a  credit  toward 
reservations  in  the  first  month.  The  cost  to  re- 
serve a  car  is  $8  an  hour  or  $66  a  day.  Fuel, 
maintenance,  and  insurance  are  included. 
Reservations  are  accepted  for  a  one-hour 
minimum,  up  to  a  maximum  of  four  days. 

The  effort  to  bring  Zipcar  to  campus 
gained  speed  last  year  when  members  of 
Duke  Student  Government  and  the  Duke 
Environmental  Alliance  approached  Zipcar 
and  Kernel  W.  Dawkins,  vice  president  for 
campus  services.  Student  leaders  and  ad- 
ministrators believe  the  program  will  help 
ease  parking  strains  and  also  offer  students 
who  don't  have  a  car  an  environmentally 
friendly  and  affordable  driving  option. 
|      Once  the  registration  fee  is  paid  and  the 
s  account  established,  Duke  community  mem- 
1  bers  need  only  to  wave  their  membership 


She  posted  the  fifth-highest  vault  in  the 
Duke  women's  team  history  at  11  feet,  10 
inches.  "I'm  aiming  for  12,"  she  says. 

Roberts  complements  his  double-major 
with  a  minor  in  mathematics.  He  conducts 
research  in  the  laboratory  of  David  R.  Smith, 
William  Bevan  Professor  of  electrical  and 
computer  engineering,  who  gained  interna- 
tional attention  for  his  work  in  metamateri- 
als — specifically,  for  developing  what's  known 
as  the  "invisibility  cloak."  Smith  and  Pen- 
dry,  the  London-based  optics  pioneer,  regu- 
larly collaborate. 

Zipping  Around  Duke 

Duke  community  members  have  a 
new  way  to  drive  green.  In  January, 
Zipcar,  a  national  car-sharing  pro- 
gram, arrived  on  campus,  offering 
students  and  faculty  and  staff  members  the 
ability  to  be  mobile  without  owning  a  car. 
Four  vehicles — two  hybrid  Priuses  and  two 


12 


www.dukemagazine.duke.edii 


STUDENT  SNAPSHOT 

Amanda  Blumenherst, 
champion  golfer 

As  Amanda  Blumenherst '09 
stood  over  her  putt  on  the 
17th  hole  at  Eugene 
Country  Club  in  Oregon 
this  past  August,  she  couldn't  help 
feeling  nervous.  At  times  like  these, 
she  says,  she  likes  to  recall  all  of  the 
practice  that  has  gone  into  improving 
her  game  over  the  years,  building 
fundamentals  that  would  help  her  in 
the  current  predicament.  And  so 
when  she  sank  the  five-footer  to 
make  par  and  her  opponent's  birdie 
putt  lipped  out,  the  hours  of  fine- 
tuning  her  game  paid  off  with  a  vic- 
tory in  the  U.S.  Women's  Amateur 
Championship.  The  win  put  her  in 
exclusive  company,  not  only  nation- 
wide but  also  at  Duke:  The  universi- 
ty's only  other  Women's  Amateur 
champion  in  the  event's  100-plus- 
year  history  is  2003  winner  and  NCAA 
National  Champion  Virada  Nirapath- 
pongporn  '04. 

The  championship  is  something 
of  an  exclamation  point  on  a  much- 
decorated  amateur  and  collegiate 
career.  Blumenherst,  who  grew  up 
mostly  in  Scottsdale,  Arizona,  came 
to  Duke  as  one  of  the  nation's  top 
recruits.  Three-time  national  player 
of  the  year,  top-ten  finisher  in  the 
U.S.  Open  her  first  time  out,  and 
member  of  two  national  champi- 
onship Duke  women's  golf  squads, 
she  says  that  capturing  the  Women's 
Amateur  title  is  still  the  greatest 
accomplishment  in  her  career.  "It 
all  happened  so  quickly.  My  dad  ran 
out  onto  the  green  and  gave  me  a 
big  hug.  It  was  the  best  golf  moment 
of  my  life." 
At  the  2007  Women's  Amateur, 


Blumenherst  placed  second,  losing  in 
the  final  match— the  Amateur  is  a 

single-elimination  match-play  tour- 
nament—by only  one  hole,  leaving 
her  frustrated  and  disappointed.  At 
the  2008  tournament,  once  again  in 
the  final  pairing,  again  down  one 
after  a  poor  putt  midway  through  the 
thirty-six-hole  round,  she  pushed 
away  those  thoughts  and  focused  on 
the  present.  She  sat,  eating  lunch, 
telling  herself  that  all  she  had  to  do 
was  win  the  next  hole  to  even  it  up. 

But  she  didn't  win  on  the  next,  or 
the  next.  Still,  even  though  she 
remained  behind,  she  managed  to 
keep  pace.  Her  confidence  grew  with 
each  stroke:  She  was  still  down,  but 
felt  sure  she  would  win.  She  climbed 
back  with  a  birdie  on  10  and  then  lev- 
eled the  match  on  13. 

Two  holes  later,  she  took  the 
lead,  and  then  sank  another  birdie 
putt  on  16  to  match  her  opponent's— 
all  she  had  to  do  was  hold  off  disas- 
ter over  the  final  two  holes.  Walking 
down  the  fairway  on  17,  she  recalls, 


"I  started  thinking,  'I'm  really  going 
to  win  this!' " 

In  May,  Blumenherst  will  earn  her 
bachelor's  degree  with  a  major  in 
history  and  a  double-minor  in 
English  and  theater  studies.  She  will 
then  compete  in  the  NCAA  regional 
and  national  tournaments,  after 
which  she  plans  to  turn  pro.  She's 
hoping  that  her  title  will  help  gener- 
ate the  kind  of  publicity  that  draws 
invitations  from  professional  tourna- 
ment organizers. 

While  she  won't  be  looking  at  any 
specific  tournaments  until  this  spring, 
her  plan  is  to  place  well  and  earn 
enough  money  to  qualify  for  a  guar- 
anteed spot  on  the  LPGA  tour  next 
season.  If  she  is  not  able  to  keep  pace 
with  the  top  eighty  money  winners, 
she  will  need  to  go  to  Q-school,  a 
series  of  qualifying  tournaments,  in 
order  to  win  her  tour  card.  Facing 
this,  she  is  characteristically  sanguine. 

"I  definitely  feel  confident  in 
myself." 

-Aaron  Kirschenfeld 


cards  over  a  card  reader  on  the  window  to 
unlock  the  car.  The  card  is  connected  to  the 
driver's  bank  account,  and  all  charges  are 
settled  electronically. 

Duke  joins  more  than  120  other  colleges 
and  universities  across  the  U.S.  and  Canada 
that  have  signed  up  for  the  car-sharing  pro- 
gram since  its  inception  in  1999. 

New  Few 

Last  spring  the  university  launched  a 
project  to  renovate  Few  Quadrangle  on 
West  Campus.  Just  seven  months  later, 
the  dormitory  opened  on  time  for  stu- 
dents to  move  in  for  the  spring  semester. 

Intended  mainly  to  upgrade  the  interior 
infrastructure  of  the  brownstone  building, 
renovations  included  an  overhaul  of  the 
electrical  and  air-conditioning  systems.  New 
§  sprinkler  systems  and  smoke  detectors  were 
added;  bathrooms  were  gutted  and  rebuilt. 
Hallways  will  now  be  brighter  and  safer,  and 
student  rooms  will  be  equipped  with  more 
electrical  connections  to  accommodate  mod- 
ern appliances  and  enable  greater  connec- 
tivity to  information  technology.  Common 
rooms  were  relocated  and  fitted  with  amen- 
ities like  games  and  flat-screen  televisions, 
with  the  goal  of  facilitating  interactions 
among  students.  The  building's  handicap 
accessibility  also  was  improved. 

Administrators  sought  to  maintain  the 
traditional  Gothic  look  and  feel  of  the  dorm, 
built  in  1938,  with  most  changes  taking 
place  inside  the  walls.  Total  cost  of  the  proj- 
ect is  estimated  at  $25  million. 

Applications  Spike 

Despite,  or  perhaps  because  of,  tough 
economic  times,  Duke  has  received 
another  record-breaking  number  of 
applications  for  admission  to  the 
Class  of  2013.  In  a  17  percent  increase  from 
last  year's  numbers,  the  23,750  applications 
mark  the  largest  jump  in  school  history. 

Christoph  Guttentag,  dean  of  undergrad- 
uate admissions,  attributes  the  increase  to  a 
number  of  possible  factors,  including  en- 
hancements to  financial-aid  programs  and 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     March-April  2009 


13 


Gazette 


ACROSS  THE  CAMPUS 


initiatives  that  emphasize  civic  engagement, 
principally  DukeEngage.  Launched  in  2007, 
the  program  provides  funding  for  Duke  under- 
graduates to  pursue  an  intensive  service  and 
learning  experience  anywhere  in  the  world. 

"DukeEngage  has  really  captured  people's 
imagination,"  Guttentag  says,  noting  that  a 
significant  number  of  this  year's  applicants 
mentioned  it  as  one  of  the  things  that  at- 
tracted them  to  Duke.  "Every  time  I  visited 
a  school  this  fall  and  talked  about  Duke- 
Engage, students  knew  what  I  was  talking 
about.  In  an  incredibly  short  period  of  time, 
it  has  become  a  defining  and  distinguishing 
aspect  of  the  university." 

Significant  increases  were  seen  in  applica- 
tions from  the  West  Coast,  including  Cali- 
fornia, Washington,  and  Oregon.  The  num- 
ber of  applications  from  students  in  Illinois, 
New  York,  Florida,  North  Carolina,  and 
Ohio  also  increased  markedly,  as  did  the 
number  of  applications  from  overseas. 

Duke  is  one  of  a  limited  number  of  schools 
with  a  "need-blind"  admissions  policy — all 
qualified  U.S.  applicants  are  accepted  re- 
gardless of  their  ability  to  pay.  The  universi- 
ty guarantees  it  will  meet  100  percent  of 
demonstrated  financial  need. 

Honoring  Griffith 

After  a  forty-year  career  at  Duke,  Wil- 
liam Griffith  '50  remains  a  fixture  of 
campus  life.  The  retired  vice  presi- 
dent for  student  affairs  and  his  wife, 
Carol  Topham  Griffith  R.N.  '52,  both  re- 
main active  with  the  Duke  and  Durham 
communities. 

In  January,  the  couple  attended  a  ceremo- 
ny to  honor  the  newly  renovated  Griffith 
Board  Room,  a  student  meeting  space  in 
the  Bryan  Center  that  was  originally  dedi- 
cated in  1982.  The  occasion  highlighted 
the  William  J.  and  Carol  T  Griffith  En- 
dowment and  the  student  programs  that  the 
endowment  has  supported. 

The  list  is  impressive:  The  Center  for  Race 
Relations,  the  Graduate  and  Professional 
Student  Council,  Springternational,  the 
Arts  Theme  House,  the  Duke  Photo  Group, 
and  a  host  of  other  education-  and  service- 


based  student  groups  have  benefited  from 
Griffith  Endowment  funding. 

Griffith  set  the  course  for  the  Duke  Art- 
ists Series  and  helped  forge  a  national  or- 
ganization for  college  arts  administrators, 
the  National  Association  of  College  and  Uni- 
versity Concert  Managers. 

He  sparked  the  creation  of  the  Duke  Stu- 
dent Union  and  helped  shape  it  as  a  nation- 
al model  for  cultivating  student  leadership. 
Griffith  also  had  a  hand  in  shaping  the  Duke 
Student  Government,  Project  WILD,  the 
Community  Service  Center,  the  Women's 
Center,  the  Black  Student  Alliance,  the  Ca- 
reer Development  Center,  Counseling  and 
Psychological  Services,  the  Publications 


Board,  and  many  other  successful  student 
efforts.  In  1992,  an  award  was  renamed  the 
William  J.  Griffith  University  Service  Award 
in  his  honor;  it  recognizes  a  select  number 
of  graduating  students  whose  contributions 
to  the  Duke  and  larger  communities  have 
had  a  significant  impact  on  the  university. 

After  retiring,  Griffith  founded  and  chaired 
Duke  University  Retiree  Outreach,  an  or- 
ganization that  engages  retirees  with  local 
service  activities.  True  to  his  character,  at  the 
rededication  ceremony,  he  said  that  "the 
whole  university  becomes  a  better  place, 
becomes  a  greater  university  because  of  all 
of  you — students,  faculty,  administrators — 
and  I'm  going  to  stay  around  for  a  long  time. 
I've  got  to  see  what's  going  to  happen  next." 


Future  of  Change 


Their  honors:  Griffiths  in  eponymous 


In  the  first  months  of  the  Obama  ad- 
ministration, an  endless  stream  of  pun- 
dits seemed  eager  to  discuss  the  future 
of  political  leadership.  In  February,  Duke's 
|  Sanford  Institute  of  Public  Policy  hosted  a 
3  speaker  attempting  to  live  that  future. 
|      Newark,  New  Jersey,  Mayor  Cory  Booker 
room;  Booker  addressing  Sanford  crowd. 


i' ww.duke  magazine,  duke.edu 


Gazette 


STATE  OF  THE  ARTS 


called  on  members  of  the  crowded  audience 
in  the  institute's  Fleishman  Commons  to 
commit  themselves  to  political  engagement, 
social  justice,  and  developing  a  "moral  imag- 
ination." Booker,  who  played  football  at 
Stanford  University,  was  a  Rhodes  Scholar, 
and  studied  law  at  Yale  University,  is  in  his 
first  term  as  mayor  of  a  city  that  has  been 
plagued  with  crime  and  poverty  problems 
for  decades. 

Two  years  into  his  term,  Booker  has  led 
initiatives  that  have  reduced  violent  crime 
by  40  percent,  collaborated  with  commer- 
cial leaders  to  incubate  new  small  business- 
es, and  worked  with  local  foundations  to 
improve  education. 

When  he  moved  to  Newark  in  1996  to 
work  as  a  community  organizer,  he  chose  to 
live  in  a  notorious  housing  project,  Brick 
Towers,  in  order  to  better  understand  the 
struggles  of  Newark's  poor,  he  said.  Soon  af- 
ter, he  was  elected  to  the  city  council. 

He  described  his  own  education  in  poli- 
tics, which  often  came  by  listening  to  his 
Brick  Towers  neighbors,  and  his  growing  frus- 
tration with  corrupt  politicians  and  bureau- 
crats who  obstructed  his  efforts  to  improve 
city  services.  (His  opponent  in  his  first  may- 
oral campaign,  who  is  now  serving  a  prison 
sentence  for  fraud,  routinely  harassed  Booker 
and  his  supporters,  as  chronicled  in  the  2005 
documentary  Street  Fight.) 

Booker  turned  to  his  faith,  a  mixture  of 
the  Abrahamic  religions;  during  his  talk,  he 
quoted  from  the  Bible,  the  Talmud,  and  the 
prayers  of  an  Imam  and  also  recited  portions 
of  Langston  Hughes'  poem  "Let  America  Be 
America  Again." 

Booker,  who  campaigned  for  President 
Obama,  noted  that  the  nation  has  accom- 
plished something  significant.  But,  he  added, 
"elections  are  not  ends,  but  beginnings  of 
opportunity."  He  urged  the  audience  to  re- 
ject false  choices  in  policy  in  favor  of  prag- 
matism and  to  resist  the  temptation  to 
demonize  individual  politicians. 

Following  his  speech,  Booker  had  a  pri- 
vate dinner  with  undergraduates  participat- 
ing in  Connect2Politics,  an  initiative  of  the 
Institute's  Hart  Leadership  Program  that  con- 
nects students  with  influential  politicians. 


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Sacred  Beauty 

While  working  as  a  public-school 
teacher  in  Connecticut  in  the 
early  1980s,  Robert  Parsons  Ph.D. 
'80  found  himself  short  of  money. 
He  packed  a  few  suitcases  full  of  discarded 
textbooks  and  went  to  New  York.  He  sold 
the  books  and,  with  his  earnings,  began  what 
has  become  a  lifelong  passion. 

In  "Sacred  Beauty:  Medieval  and  Ren- 
aissance Illuminated  Manuscripts  from  the 
Collection  of  Robert  J.  Parsons,"  now  on  dis- 
play at  the  Nasher  Museum  of  Art,  Parsons' 
enthusiasm  and  skill  in  collecting  illuminat- 
ed manuscripts  is  clearly  manifest. 

The  manuscripts,  from  missals  and  books 
of  hours  used  for  devotional  purposes  and 
dating  mostly  from  the  late  Middle  Ages, 
were  a  status  symbol  and  form  of  portable 
wealth  for  nobles  of  the  time.  Now  often  ex- 
tant only  as  individual  pages  or  fragments, 
the  works  are  finely  detailed,  with  some  as- 
pects visible  only  with  a  magnifying  glass. 


Everything  is  illuminated: 
Netherlandish  border,  left, 
late  fifteenth  century,  from 
a  Flemish  book  of  hours. 
12  x  10  %  inches;  below, 
Last  Judgment,  ca.  1440, 
from  a  book  of  hours. 
15 '/;  x  13  inches.  Collection 
of  Robert  J.  Parsons  Ph.D.  '80. 


Vividly  colored  with  tempera  paints  made 
from  natural  materials  and  precious  gems 
ground  into  pigments  and  illuminated  with 
burnished  gold  leaf,  the  manuscripts  are  the 
centerpiece  of  the  exhibit.  They  are  on  display 
alongside  religious  objects  from  the  Nash- 
er's  permanent  collection,  including  stained- 
glass  windows,  paintings,  and  sculpture. 

Parsons,  a  self-taught  collector,  has  moved 
strategically  to  build  the  aesthetic  and  his- 
torical strength  of  his  holdings.  Reading  vol- 
uminously and  traveling  widely  to  meet  with 
collectors  and  dealers,  he  has  learned  the 
origins  of  many  of  his  works,  which  date 
primarily  from  the  fifteenth  and  sixteenth 
centuries  and  come  from  Italy,  France,  the 
Netherlands,  and  Spain.  He  owns  pieces  by 
noted  period  masters  such  as  the  Olivetan 
Master  (possibly  identified  as  Frater  Jeroni- 
mus  of  Milan)  and  even  one  once  owned  by 
Pope  Pius  V. 

The  Nasher  exhibition  will  run  through 
May  10. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     March-April  2009 


Gazette 


STATE  OF  THE  ARTS 


Viva  Guevara 

At  a  dinner  party  in  Los  Angeles,  pho- 
tography professor  of  the  practice 
Alex  Harris  had  one  of  those  seren- 
dipitous encounters  that  lead  to 
great  things.  He  was  approached  by  Laura 
Bickford,  producer  of  Che,  the  story  of  revo- 
lutionary Ernesto  "Che"  Guevara,  starring 
Benicio  del  Toro  and  directed  by  Steven 
Soderbergh.  Bickford  was  familiar  with  Har- 
ris' work,  specifically  his  collection  of  docu- 
mentary writing  and  photography,  The  Idea 
of  Cuba  (see  Books,  Duke  Magazine,  Janu- 
ary-February 2008),  and  asked  if  he'd  be  in- 
terested in  a  different  kind  of  assignment: 
roving  photographer  on  a  movie  set. 

With  no  specific  instructions,  Harris,  who 
teaches  at  the  Center  for  Documentary  Stu- 
dies, and  fellow  photographer  Bill  Bamberger 
were  flown  to  Campeche,  Mexico,  on  the 
Yucatan  Peninsula.  Chosen  for  its  resem- 
blance to  the  Cuban  city  of  Santa  Clara  as  it 
would  have  appeared  in  the  late  1950s,  Cam- 
peche, along  with  many  of  its  residents,  was 
enlisted  into  the  raise  en  scene. 

Harris,  who  had  never  been  on  a  movie 
set  before,  went  to  work  immediately.  Imag- 
ining that  the  job  required  stealth,  he  had 
brought  along  a  device  known  as  a  blimp  to 
muffle  his  camera  clicks.  "The  goal  was  to 
try  not  to  have  Soderberg  know  we  were 
alive,"  he  says.  But  what  Harris  didn't  real- 
ize was  that  he  would  be  in  the  middle  of  a 
battle  scene,  complete  with  large  explosions 
and  gunfire.  During  the  three  days  he  spent 
on  set,  the  cast  and  crew  completed  filming 
the  battle  of  Santa  Clara,  the  decisive  con- 
test in  the  Cuban  revolution  that  drove 
Fulgencio  Batista's  forces  from  power. 

Not  a  wartime  photographer  by  nature, 
Harris  instead  focused  his  energies  on  what 
would  have  been  a  pivotal  time  in  Cuban  his- 
tory. He  sought  out  interactions  between  fa- 
tigue-clad actors  and  the  extras — what  would 
have  taken  place  between  Guevara's  sol- 
diers and  the  actual  inhabitants  of  Santa 
Clara.  "I  wanted  to  capture  the  hopes  that 
they  must  have  had  at  that  moment,"  he  says. 

In  Trie  Idea  of  Cuba,  which  Harris  com- 
piled over  numerous  trips  to  Cuba  in  the 


BIBLIO  FILE 


Selections  from  the  Rare 
Book,  Manuscript,  and 
Special  Collections  Library 

When  Eliza  Haywood's 
novel  The  History  of 
Miss  Betsy  Thoughtless 
was  published  in  1751, 
Haywood  had  won  success  as  an 
author  but  was  still  something  of  a 
curiosity.  Known  as  part  of  the  "Fair 
Triumvirate  of  Wit"  with  fellow  profes- 
sional authors  Aphra  Behn  and 
Delarivier  Manley,  she  was  one  of  only 
a  handful  of  popular  female  authors  of 
her  time. 

By  1888,  when  Amy  Levy  published 
Reuben  Sdchs,  a  novel  of  the  Jewish 
experience,  the  British  literary  land- 
scape was  filled  with  women  writing 
in  virtually  every  genre,  many  as  pro- 
fessionals. A  recently  acquired  collec- 
tion of  130  works  of  literature  by 
British  women  of  the  eighteenth  and 
nineteenth  centuries  provides  insight 
into  not  only  the  development  of  the 
novel,  but  also  of  new  literary  genres 


in  general  and  the  societal  forces  that 
gave  rise  to  female  authors  in  the 
Victorian  era. 

In  addition  to  the  Haywood  and 
Levy  novels  mentioned  above,  the  col- 
lection includes  works  by  Mary  Shelley, 
Sophia  Lee,  Elizabeth  Linton,  and  Mary 
Braddon.  Also  included  are  a  number 
of  "silver  fork"  novels  (a  term  coined 
to  symbolize  the  frivolous  consump- 
tion of  the  upper  class)  by  writers  such 
as  Catherine  Gore,  which  exemplify 
the  moralistic  tone  of  fiction  set  in 
Victorian  high  society. 

Gothic  romances,  epistolary  novels, 
and  societal  "problem"  novels  are  also 


represented  in  the  collection  and 
attest  to  the  role  of  female  authors  in 
developing  the  novel  as  a  form. 

The  collection  serves  as  a  useful 
guide  to  book  history.  We  now  think  of 
novels  as  single-volume  publications, 
but  in  Victorian  England,  they  were 
commonly  published  in  multiple  vol- 
umes. The  popular  "triple-decker,"  or 
three-volume  format,  allowed  circu- 
lating libraries  that  charged  patrons 
to  borrow  books  to  profit  three  times 
for  one  work.  Some  of  the  volumes 
in  this  collection  still  have  the  labels 
listing  the  costs  and  regulations  of 
these  commercial  libraries. 


1 

r 

- 

sarj 

i://library.duke.edu/specialcollections 


1H..J1 


..>- 5? 


.dukemaga:  ine.duke.edu 


UPDATE 


"Hummable  Genius," 
Duke  Magazine,  Novem- 
ber-December 2007 

Fifty  years  ago,  when  he  had 
been  all  but  banned  from 
the  New  York  club  scene, 
jazz  great  Thelonious  Monk 
booked  a  concert  at  the  city's  venera- 
ble Town  Hall  auditorium.  Playing 
with  a  big  band  for  the  first  time 
and  using  new  arrangements,  Monk 
wowed  the  audience  with  what  has 
since  been  recognized  as  a  seminal 
jazz  performance. 

In  2007,  Duke  Performances 
brought  a  variety  of  musicians  and 
artists  to  campus  to  honor  and  ex- 
plore Monk's  legacy  in  "Following 
Monk,"  a  six-week  series.  Duke 
Mdgazine  reported  on  two  original 
performances  from  this  event,  collab- 
orations between  the  Jazz  Loft  Project 
at  the  Center  for  Documentary  Studies 
and  famed  jazz  musicians  Charles 
Tolliver  and  Jason  Moran. 
Tolliver,  a  jazz  trumpeter,  band 


leader,  and  arranger,  who  saw  the 
Town  Hall  concert  as  a  young  man, 
revisited  Monk's  rehearsal  sessions 
and,  using  never-before-heard  tapes, 
debuted  a  note-by-note  replication 
of  the  original  show.  Moran,  a  pianist, 
performed  the  world  premiere  of 
his  composition  In  My  Mind:  Monk  § 
lown  Hall  1959  at  Duke.  The  mixed- 
media  program  features  photographs 
taken  of  Monk  by  the  legendary  pho- 
tographer W.  Eugene  Smith  and 
Moran's  own  film  footage  of  Monk's 
childhood  home  in  North  Carolina. 
The  two  shows-the  replicated 
Monk  performance  and  the  new 
composition-together  had  their 
New  York  premiere  this  winter  as  a 


late  1990s  and  early  2000s,  he  captured  what 
came  to  be  a  different  reality  of  the  revolu- 
tion. As  part  of  the  project,  he  photo- 
graphed Cuban  prostitutes,  a  group  consid- 
ered by  Castro's  early  regime  to  be  a  ready- 
made  symbol  of  imperialism  and  its  excess. 
All  but  eradicated  by  the  late  1960s,  prosti- 
tution has  returned  to  Cuban  society  in  full 
blossom  as  a  result  of  the  quasi-capitalistic 
reforms  made  by  Cuba's  government  follow- 
ing the  fall  of  the  Soviet  Union, 
fiftieth-anniversary  celebration  series  L  For  Harris,  photographing  the  moment 
played  in  late  February  at  Town  Hall.  **  Cuba  was stiU  hoPreful  dur,in8 the  rev0' 
Over  two  nights,  Tolliver  and  Moran  lution,  orat  least  the  fictional  approxima- 

paid  tribute  to  Monk,  and  both  shows  tj,0n  of  l£'  Pro^lded  a  contrast  between  ide- 
were  recorded  and  then  broadcast  on  a  ism  and  reality  similar  to  the  one  he  ex- 
WNYC,  the  nation's  largest  public-  Plorued  in  his  ho°\  !n  m^  °™  work  in  Cuba- 

radio  station  at        very  e  revolutionary  period, 

TheJazzLoftProjectnamedforthe        k  was*e  end  °futht;  h°Pes  of  that  time-" he 
building  at  821  Sixth  Avenue  where  said  0r\set;   \ had  the  opportunity  to  be 

Monk  and  other  musicians  gathered,        there  at  the  hl8h  Point  of  thaC  hoPe' 
will  culminate  this  coming  winter. 
Sam  Stephenson  A.M.  '97,  director  of 
the  project,  is  writing  a  book  detail- 
ing the  personalities,  jam  sessions, 
and  happenings  from  the  jazz  loft 
that  will  be  published  in  November. 
A  national  traveling  exhibition  will 
open  in  New  York  in  February  2010. 


Shen  Wei  in  Residence 


Aligned  in  a  neat,  single  row,  the  dan- 
cers face  a  mostly  empty  Reynolds 
Theater.  The  audience  members  who 
are  there  wait  patiently  for  them  to 
begin  again.  The  music  starts  and  the  dan- 
cers bend,  torsos  and  limbs  tortuous  and 
twirling,  moving  slowly  into  what  appears 
to  be  a  vine's  tendril,  or  the  twisted  trunk  of 
a  tree.  In  front  of  them,  at  a  small  table,  sits 
Shen  Wei,  choreographer  and  founder  of 
Shen  Wei  Dance  Arts  (SWDA),  watching 
with  a  critical  eye. 
You  say  you  want  shen,  a  2007  MacArthur  fellow  who  gar- 

a  revolution:  Actor  nered  worldwide  acclaim  for  his  role  on  a 

playing  guerilla  creative  team  that  choreographed  the  open- 

fighter  Harry  "Pombo"      jng  ceremonies  at  the  2008  Beijing  Olym- 
Villegas,  opposite,  pjCS)  came  to  Duke  for  a  two-week-long  resi- 

takes  aim  at  the  dency  to  work  on  a  portion  of  his  upcoming 

opposition;  relaxing         dance  triptych,  Re-.  Shen's  roots  in  Durham 
during  a  break  in  run  deep.  He  and  his  company  have  been 

shooting.  impressing  audiences  at  the  American  Dance 

Festival  (ADF),  hosted  annually  at  Duke  in 
the  summer,  for  the  past  eight  years. 
1  Over  the  course  of  the  residency,  Shen 

I  and  members  of  the  company  conducted 

I  master  classes  in  cooperation  with  the  Dance 

I  Program,  participated  in  discussions  on  his 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     March-April  2009 


17 


Gazette 


STATE  OF  THE  ARTS 


m4>'  '"^S — wtr^zr 

fc^fijl    %. 

JW;        ^*B 

traditional  and  modern  influences  and  the 
meaning  of  his  art,  opened  a  number  of  his 
company's  rehearsals  to  curious  onlookers 
and  taught  an  auditorium  full  of  local  mid 
die-school  students  about  the  cultures  that 
have  had  an  impact  on  his  life  and  work. 

Culminating  with  two  nights  of  perform 
ances  featuring  parts  one  and  two  of  Re- 
the  residency  was  an  opportunity  for  Shen 
to  fine-tune  his  company's  timing,  spacing 
and  motions.  Sponsored  by  Duke  Perfor- 
mances in  association  with  ADF  and  with 
the  support  of  the  Provost's  Council  for  the 
Arts,  the  shows  played  to  sold-out  crowds. 

Re-  (Part  I)  was  influenced  by  Shen's  trip 
to  Tibet  and  his  interactions  with  monks 
and  the  other  Buddhist  inhabitants.  (At  a 
panel  discussion  in  the  John  Hope  Franklin 
Center,  he  joked,  "My  mother  always  wor- 
ried I  would  be  a  monk.")  The  dancers 
breathe  shallowly  as  they  imagine  the  thin 
air  of  the  high  steppe.  They  create  and  de- 
stroy an  approximation  of  a  Buddhist  man- 
dala,  a  kind  of  temporary  sacred  space,  mov- 
ing in  continuous,  circular  motions,  in- 
spired by  the  worldview  of  Tibetans  Shen 
encountered  on  his  travels. 

During  the  residency,  Shen  worked  to  put 
the  finishing  touches  on  Re-  (Parr  2),  in- 
spired by  a  visit  he  made  to  Angkor  Wat,  a 
complex  of  ancient  Cambodian  temples 
where  enormous  jungle  trees  have  grown 
into  the  stone  walls.  There  on  vacation, 
Shen  was  not  expecting  to  create  a  dance 
piece  about  the  experience.  But  after  re- 
turning to  his  home  in  New  York,  he  began 
to  create  the  movements,  instructing  mem- 
bers of  his  company  with  photographs  of 


Welcome  to  the  jungle:  Shen  Wei,  in  red  shirt  with 
back  to  camera,  left,  shares  Angkor  Wat  photos 
with  dancers;  interpretation  of  temple's  tangled 
roots  in  Re-  (Part  2). 

detailed  stone  inlays  and  massive  roots  over- 
taking temples. 

Following  the  residency,  SWDA  returned 
to  touring.  It  also  is  working  to  complete  the 
third  part  of  the  program,  which  Shen  began 
working  on  during  the  residency.  Inspired 
by  the  Silk  Road,  the  dance  is  slated  to-pre- 
miere  in  its  entirety  at  ADF  this  summer. 

Dans  La  Nuit 

wo  Duke  faculty  members  celebrated 

the  visual  arts  in  late  December  with 

French  President  Nicholas  Sarkozy. 

An  exhibition  at  the  Grand  Palais 


T 


in  Paris,  "Dans  La  Nuit,  Des  Images"  (In  the 
Night,  Images),  included  installations  by 
Duke  artists  Bill  Seaman  and  William  No- 
land,  both  faculty  members  in  the  depart- 
ment of  art,  art  history,  and  visual  studies. 

The  exhibition  was  organized  by  the 
French  Presidency  of  the  European  Union 
as  a  celebration  of  the  tenth  anniversary  of 
Le  Fresnoy,  a  French  institute  devoted  to 
teaching,  research,  and  experimenting  with 
visual  media. 

Earlier  in  the  fall  semester,  Duke's  Visual 
Studies  Initiative  announced  the  collabora- 
tion with  Le  Fresnoy  (pronounced  fren- 
WAH)  to  facilitate  student  and  faculty  ex- 
changes and  promote  interaction  between 
artists  and  researchers. 

"The  overarching  strategic  goal  of  this 
partnership  is  to  foster  a  multidisciplinary 
collaboration  between  Fresnoy  artists  and 


I .  Is-  i 


18 


www  lukemagazine.duke.edu 


Duke  scientific  communities,  research  insti- 
tutes, social  scientists,  and  humanists,"  says 
Hans  Van  Miegroet,  professor  and  chair 
of  the  department  of  art,  art  history,  and 
visual  studies.  "The  objective  is  to  enable  ad- 
vancements in  science,  education,  the  hu- 
manities, and  the  arts  by  creating  an  envi- 
ronment where  artists,  scholars  from  the 
humanities  and  social  sciences,  [and]  scien- 
tists can  work  together." 

Le  Fresnoy  selects  a  small  number  of  ar- 
tists and  scholars  for  a  two-year  residency  to 
produce  art  works.  The  art  created  at  Le 
Fresnoy  is  shown  throughout  the  world,  and 
selections  will  come  to  Duke  at  regular  in- 
tervals in  the  future. 

Seaman's  installation,  "The  Architecture 
of  Association,"  was  done  in  collaboration 
with  digital  artist  and  computer  scientist 
Daniel  C.  Howe.  It  featured  a  set  of  poetic 
sentences  and  related  images  that  con- 
verged on  plasma  screens  through  a  com- 
puter system  programmed  to  connect  asso- 
ciated words  and  images.  Seaman  likened 
the  experience  to  watching  somebody's 
thinking  process. 

Noland's  work  "Occulted"  examines  the 
use  of  increasingly  sophisticated  surveil- 
lance systems  that  are  present  throughout 
London.  Viewers  of  the  installation  ob- 
served a  populace  that  willingly  submits  to 
surveillance  and  raise  questions  about  tech- 
nology and  privacy. 

In  addition  to  the  exhibition  opening, 
Duke  faculty  members  and  administrators 
met  with  their  counterparts  at  Le  Fresnoy 
and  attended  a  reception  and  exhibition 
viewing  hosted  by  the  Duke  Alumni  As- 
sociation, which  drew  ninety  people. 


The  Harrowing  of 
Hell,  Netherlandish, 
c.  1600.  Oil  on  panel. 
78  /,  x  52  /4  inches. 


GALLERY    Selections  from  the  Nosher  Museum  of  Art 


Screen  time:  preparing  for  night  images  at  Le  Fresnoy, 
left;  shot  from  Seaman's  installation,  above. 


his  panel  painting,  with  its  arched  format, 
would  have  been  used  as  an  altarpiece  at 
the  turn  of  the  seventeenth  century.  The 
artist's  name  is  not  known,  nor  is  it  clear 
which  European  country  it  comes  from. 

It  is  certain,  however,  that  it  was  produced  for 
a  Catholic  church  at  the  time  of  the  Protestant  Refor- 
mation, when  the  Church  sought  to  restore  its  reli- 
gious authority.  The  subject  matter  here  portrays  the 
Church's  teachings  on  Christ's  crucifixion  and  resur- 
rection, as  well  as  its  Holy  Sacrament  at  Catholic 
Mass,  to  save  Christians  from  damnation  in  hell. 

The  Risen  Christ  is  placed  in  the  lower  center;  be- 
hind him  is  the  cross  with  the  inscription  INRI  (an  ab- 
breviation of  the  Latin  for  Jesus  of  Nazareth,  King  of 
the  Jews)  and  symbols  of  the  Passion:  the  scourge,  the 
=  whip,  the  crown  of  thorns,  the  spear,  and  the  sponge 
I  soaked  with  vinegar  on  a  long  reed,  all  instruments 
I  of  torture  during  Christ's  crucifixion. 

The  divine  light  of  God  the  Father,  with  the  He- 
brew inscription  Yahweh,  shines  overhead.  In  his  left 


hand,  Christ  holds  a  white  banner,  and  in  his  right, 
a  hammer-both  symbolizing  his  triumphant 
resurrection  and  victory  in  opening  the  gates  of 
hell.  He  tramples  beneath  his  feet  a  skeleton  and  a 
devil-beast,  representations  of  death  and  sin. 

Christ  looks  to  the  left,  where  Adam,  Eve,  and 
other  Christians  are  being  freed  from  purgatory, 
where  they  had  been  forced  to  stay  until  Christ's  res- 
urrection cleansed  their  souls  of  original  sin.  In  the 
opposite,  lower  right  corner,  are  the  figures  of  the 
damned-sinners  and  non-believers-being  forced 
into  the  jaws  of  a  large  beast,  representing  the  fiery 
mouth  of  hell. 

Depicted  in  the  upper  background  of  the  painting 
are  other  motifs  associated  with  Counter  Reforma- 
tion ideas:  a  priest  celebrating  a  Eucharistic  mass,  the 
Ship  of  Fools,  and  the  establishment  of  the  new 
covenant  of  the  Christian  era,  on  the  left,  replacing 
the  older  Judaic  law,  on  the  right. 

www.nasher.duke.edu 


DUKE  K4AGAZINE     March-April  2009 


Gazette 


RESEARCH  FRONTIERS 


Evolving  Inefficiently 

Anew  Duke  study  suggests  that  evolu- 
tion can  behave  as  differently  as 
dogs  and  cats.  While  dogs  depend  on 
an  energy-efficient  style  of  four-foot- 
ed running  over  long  distances  to  catch 
their  prey,  cats  seem  to  have  evolved  a  pro- 
foundly inefficient  gait,  tailor  made  to  creep 
up  on  a  mouse  or  bird  in  slow  motion. 

"It  is  usually  assumed  that  efficiency  is 
what  matters  in  evolution,"  says  Daniel 
Schmitt,  associate  professor  of  evolutionary 
anthropology.  "We've  found  that's  too  sim- 
ple a  way  of  looking  at  evolution,  because 
there  are  some  animals  that  need  to  operate 
at  high  energy  cost  and  low  efficiency." 

In  a  report  published  online  in  the  re- 
search journal  Public  Library  of  Science, 
Schmitt  and  two  researchers  with  Duke  ties 
— lead  author  and  former  postdoctoral  re- 
searcher Kristin  Bishop  and  Vanderbilt 
medical  student  Anita  Pai  '08 — measured 
and  videotaped  how  six  housecats  moved 
along  a  six-yard-long  runway  in  pursuit  of 
food  treats  or  feline  toys. 

Long-distance  chase  predators  like  dogs 
can  reduce  the  muscular  work  needed  to 
move  forward 
by  as  much  as 
70  percent  by 
allowing  their 
bodies  to  rise 
and  fall,  exchanging  potential  and  kinetic 
energy  with  each  step.  In  contrast,  the  maxi- 
mum amount  of  work  for  cats  is  only  37  per- 
cent, and  much  lower  than  that  in  a  stalking 
posture,  the  report  found. 

"Most  scientists  think  that  energetic  effi- 
ciency is  the  currency  of  natural  selection," 
says  Schmitt.  "Here  we've  shown  that  some 
animals  make  compromises  when  they  have 
to  choose  between  competing  demands." 

"Anchors"  May  Prevent 
Muscular  Dystrophy 

protein  that  was  first  identified  for 
playing  a  key  role  in  regulating  nor- 
mal heart  rhythms  also  appears  to  be 
significant  in  helping  muscle  cells 


SYLLABUS 

Asian  and  Middle  Eastern 
Studies  135:  Kundalini 
Yoga  and  Sikh  Dharma 

Keval  Khalsa  rests  her  bare 
toes  on  the  base  of  her 
office  chair.  "Yoga  means 
union,"  she  says,  "union  of 
the  finite  self  and  the  infinite  self." 

Khalsa,  associate  professor  of  the 
practice  of  dance,  developed  "Kun- 
dalini Yoga  and  Sikh  Dharma"  as  a 
union  of  practice  and  theory. 

The  class  begins  with  study  of 
Kundalini  yoga's  history,  its  relation 
to  the  Sikh  religion,  and  its  role  in 
Asian  and  Middle  Eastern  culture. 
Yoga,  which  originated  in  India,  was 
generally  passed  down  through  a 
select  few  people  in  high  castes  and 
was  used  by  Sikhs  to  consciously 
maintain  the  body. 

Twice  a  week,  Khalsa's  students 
practice  Kundalini  yoga  together. 
Through  deep  focus  on  the  body  and 
the  "self,"  they  attempt  to  reach 
complex  mental  states  Khalsa  calls 
"full  presence  and  awareness." 
These  yoga  sessions  always  involve 
a  group  chant. 

"Sound  current  is  very  important," 
Khalsa  says.  "It  acts  as  a  bridge  to 
the  infinite." 

She  adds  that  students  find  that 
Sikhism  also  embraces  the  power 
of  sound,  specifically  through  recita- 
tion of  the  Siri  Guru  Granth  Sahib. 


This  sacred  poetic  manuscript  was 
recorded  from  the  utterances  of 
gurus  during  their  "highest  states 
of  consciousness."  By  reading  it 
aloud,  students  can  become  closer 
to  the  gurus' levels  of  awareness, 
Khalsa  says. 

Students  are  required  to  do  yoga 
individually  for  forty  consecutive 
days.  They  reflect  on  their  intellectual 
and  physical  progression  during  this 
process  in  detailed  written  respons- 
es. If  a  student  misses  one  day  of 
individual  yoga  study,  Khalsa  calls  for 
a  fresh  start.  "It  takes  forty  days  to 
change  a  habit,"  she  says. 

Khalsa's  class  builds  knowledge  to 
bring  directly  to  their  yoga  practice 
by  researching  prandyam,  the  science 
of  breath,  and  the  body's  nervous- 
energy  centers.  Students  also 
address  the  theory  behind  yoga  and 
Sikhism  by  reading  and  discussing 
articles  on  everything  from  Sikh 
philosophy  to  scientifically  demon- 
strated medical  benefits  of  yoga, 
and  trace  Kundalini  yoga's  transfor- 
mation into  a  popular  Western 
practice.  Yogi  Bhajan,  who  single- 
handedly  introduced  Kundalini  yoga 
and  Sikhism  to  the  U.S.  in  the  1960s, 
is  a  central  figure  in  the  course, 
Khalsa  says. 


Combining  studio  time  with  tradi- 
tional lectures,  the  class  is  conducted 
in  a  relatively  new  style  now  promot- 
ed by  the  Dance  Program.  "True 
learning  is  composed  of  not  just  the 
mind  but  all  of  our  elements,"  says 
Khalsa.  "We  have  to  honor  the  intelli- 
gence in  our  cells.  It  is  a  rich  and 
well-rounded  experience  when  we 
utilize  all  of  our  faculties." 

Keval  Khalsa  graduated  from  the 
Ohio  State  University.  She  choreo- 
graphed, performed,  and  taught 
dance  in  New  York  for  eight  years 
before  moving  to  Durham.  This  is  her 
nineteenth  year  teaching  at  Duke. 

Prerequisites 

None 

Readings 

Shakti  Parwha  Kaur  Khalsa,  Kundalini 
Yoga:  The  Flow  of  Eternal  Powe\ 
W.  Owen  Cole  and  Piara  Singh 
Sambhi,  The  Sikhs:  Iheir  Religious 
Beliefs  and  Practices 
Articles  on  the  history  and  philoso- 
phy of  Kundalini  yoga  and  Sikh 
Dharma 

Assignments 

Weekly  readings  and  discussion 
Class  presentations 
Visit  to  local  Gurdwara 
Final  research  paper 

-Chrissy  DiNicola  '11 


A 


survive  the  forces  of  muscle  contraction. 
Findings  that  link  the  protein  ankyrin-B 
(ankB)  to  the  possible  prevention  of  mus- 
cular dystrophy  were  published  in  the  jour- 
nal Cell. 

Vann  Bennett,  a  Howard  Hughes  Medi- 
cal Institute  investigator  and  James  B.  Duke 
Professor  of  cell  biology,  biochemistry,  and 


neurobiology,  first  discovered  ankyrins,  or 
anchor  proteins,  in  red  blood  cells.  They  are 
a  family  of  proteins  that  assist  in  attaching 
other  proteins  to  the  fragile  cell  membranes 
and  in  the  case  of  red  blood  cells  help  resist 
shearing  forces  when  blood  is  pumped  vig-  s 
orously  throughout  the  body.  £ 

Bennett's  team  was  exploring  the  func-  1 


Avw.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


THE  POWER  OF  POSITIVE  MESSAGES 

LET'S  FACE  IT.  Reading  may  engage  the  mind  in  ways  that 
television  doesn't,  but  it's  still  a  sedentary  activity.  It  can't  help 
you  lose  weight.  Or  can  it?  Maybe  that  depends  on  what  you  read. 
In  a  study  at  Duke  Children's  Hospital,  researchers  led  by 
Alexandra  C.  Russell  '05,  a  fourth-year  medical  student,  asked  obese 
females  ages  nine  to  thirteen  to  read  a  young-adult  novel,  lake  Rescue. 
The  book  was  written  by  Annie  Bryant,  who  worked  closely  with  eating- 
disorder  and  obesity  experts  to  craft  a  narrative  that  includes  healthy 
lifestyle  and  weight-management  guidance,  as  well  as  positive  messages 
and  strong  role  models.  Six  months  later,  the  thirty-one  girls  who 
read  the  book  had,  an  average,  experienced  a  significant  decrease  in 
body  mass  index;  tire  control  group's  had  risen  slightly. 


-f '-^/ 


Gazette 


RESEARCH  FRONTIERS 


tion  of  ankB,  an  anchor  protein  in  mice. 
They  found  that  newborn  mice  missing 
ankB  had  splayed  shoulder  bones,  which 
stuck  out  of  the  animals'  backs  like  wings, 
rather  than  lying  flat,  a  symptom  of  a  mus- 
cular problem. 

"I  went  back  to  my  pediatric  textbook  and 
saw  images  of  people  with  a  form  of  mus- 
cular dystrophy  who  had  splayed  shoulder 
bones,"  says  Bennett.  "This  opened  our  eyes 
to  the  possibility  that,  in  addition  to  defects 
in  controlling  heart  rhythm  that  we  have 
studied  before,  the  mice  might  also  suffer 
from  muscular  dystrophy." 

When  ankB  was  absent  from  mice,  they 
were  unable  to  form  properly  bundled  mus- 
cle cells  with  a  protective  protein  layer.  Mus- 
cle-contraction forces  break  the  cell  mem- 
branes— toxins  pour  in  and  vital  enzymes 
stream  out,  killing  the  cell.  Researchers  ex- 
perimented with  removing  other  anchor 
proteins  and  found  similarly  destructive  re- 
sults in  adult  mice.  Although  it  is  too  early 
to  tell  how  or  whether  these  findings  can  be 
applied  to  muscular  dystrophy  research, 
Bennett  says  he  is  hopeful  that  this  discov- 
ery could  have  broad  implications  for  many 
cell  types. 


Upside  of  Aging 


Neuroscientists  from  Duke  Medical 
Center  have  discovered  that  older 
people  use  their  brains  differently 
than  younger  people  when  it  comes 
to  storing  memories,  particularly  those  asso- 
ciated with  negative  emotions. 

The  study,  appearing  online  in  the  Jan- 
uary issue  of  Psychological  Science,  is  a  novel 
look  at  how  brain  connections  change  with 
age. 

Older  adults,  age  seventy  on  average,  and 
younger  adults,  age  twenty-four  on  average, 
were  shown  a  series  of  thirty  photographs 
while  their  brains  were  imaged  in  a  func- 
tional MRI  (fMRI)  machine.  Some  of  the 
photos  were  neutral  in  nature  while  others 
had  strong  negative  content  such  as  attack- 
ing snakes,  mutilated  bodies,  and  violent 
acts.  In  the  fMRI  machine,  the  subjects 
looked  at  the  photos  and  ranked  them  on  a 


You  must  remember  this:  Positive 
images  resonate  longer  in 
older  adults  than  negative  ones. 

pleasantness  scale.  Following  the  scan  they 
were  asked,  unexpectedly,  to  recall  memo- 
ries in  order  to  help  determine  whether  the 
brain  activity  that  occurred  while  looking 
at  the  pictures  could  predict  later  memory. 

The  researchers  found  that  older  adults 
have  less  connectivity  between  an  area  of 
the  brain  that  generates  emotions  and  a 
region  involved  in  memory  and  learning. 
But  they  also  found  that  older  adults  have 
stronger  connections  with  the  frontal  cor- 
tex, the  higher-thinking  area  of  the  brain  that 
controls  these  lower-order  parts  of  the  brain. 
On  the  other  hand,  young  adults  used  more 
of  the  brain  regions  typically  involved  in 
emotion  and  recalling  memories. 


Roberto  Cabeza,  professor  in  the  Center 
for  Cognitive  Neuroscience  and  senior  au- 
thor of  the  study,  speculates  that  at  different 
ages,  brain  strategies  also  differ.  "Younger 
adults  might  need  to  keep  an  accurate  mem- 
ory for  both  positive  and  negative  informa- 
tion in  the  world.  Older  people  dwell  in  a 
world  with  a  lot  of  negatives,  so  perhaps 
they  have  learned  to  reduce  the  impact  of 
negative  information  and  remember  in  a 
different  way." 

Changes  in  the  Pews 

Churchgoers  might  have  noticed  some 
changes  in  their  congregations  re- 
cently. According  to  Mark  Chaves, 
professor  of  sociology,  religion,  and 
divinity  at  Duke,  it's  likely  that  they're  not 
alone. 

Chaves  is  the  director  of  the  National  Con- 
gregations Study  (NCS),  an  ongoing  na- 
tional initiative  to  gather  information  about 
the  basic  characteristics  of  America's  con- 
gregations. An  initial  survey  took  place  in 
1998,  and  the  second  survey  was  conducted 
in  2006-07.  The  study  was  repeated  in  order 
to  track  both  continuity  and  change  among 
American  congregations. 

Based  on  the  responses  of  over  a  thousand 
U.S.  congregations  from  across  the  religious 
spectrum,  the  nation's  churches  are  increas- 
ingly diverse.  Over  the  past  decade,  congre- 
gations have  become  less  ethnically  homog- 
enous and  more  technologically  savvy. 

The  results  of  the  second  survey,  pub- 
lished in  Sociology  of  Religion,  show  signifi- 
cant changes  from  1998.  Predominantly 
white  congregations  reported  small  but  sig- 
nificant increases  in  racial  and  ethnic  diver- 
sity. Similarly,  congregations  claiming  no 
Asian  or  Latino  members  decreased  in  the 
same  period.  By  tracking  these  incremental 
changes,  says  Chaves,  lead  author  of  the 
journal  article,  sociologists  can  learn  more 
about  trends  in  religious  life  than  by  study- 
ing historically  integrated  congregations. 

The  use  of  information  technology  such 
as  e-mail  and  websites  went  up  dramatically 
since  the  original  survey.  Raising  questions 
about  the  consequences  of  embracing  these 


22 


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Hard  Times 

A  quarterly  survey  of  chief  financial 
officers  spanning  the  global  econo- 
my, conducted  by  the  Fuqua  School 
of  Business  in  cooperation  with  CFO 
Magazine,  found  that  CFOs  are  more  pes- 
simistic than  ever  before.  The  survey,  which 
has  measured  CFO  opinions  for  the  last 
fifty-one  consecutive  quarters,  asked  1,275 
executives  for  their  outlooks  in  the  deepen- 
ing recession.  Nearly  two-thirds  of  respon- 
dents believe  the  recession  will  last  at  least 


new  forms  of  communication,  the  data  sug- 
gest that  a  "digital  divide"  exists  between 
poor  and  rich  congregations,  with  the  for- 
mer being  slower  to  make  changes.  Chaves 
says  he  believes  that  the  results  also  point  to 
fascinating  issues  in  American  religious  life: 
What  process  will  worshippers  undertake 
when  searching  for  a  new  church  after  mov- 
ing to  a  new  area,  or  will  the  needs  of  all 
congregants,  young  and  old,  be  met  as 
printed  mailings  dwindle? 

Results  from  the  survey,  available  on  the 
NCS  website,  will  help  religious  leaders  across 
the  country  tailor  such  services  as  religious  ed- 
ucation, social  ministries,  and  worship  to  meet 
the  changing  needs  of  their  congregations. 

Schizophrenia  Genetics 

Results  from  the  first  genome-wide 
study  assessing  common  genetic  vari- 
ations in  schizophrenia  show  that 
the  disease  is  caused,  at  least  in  part, 
by  large,  rare  structural  changes  in  DNA 
called  "copy  number  variants" — not  the  tiny, 
single  letter  alterations  known  as  "snips" 
that  scientists  have  pursued  for  years. 

The  findings  support  the  "need  for  a  sharp 
turn  in  the  direction  of  schizophrenia  ge- 
netics research,"  says  David  Goldstein,  senior 
author  of  the  study  and  director  of  the  Cen- 
ter for  Human  Genome  Variation  at  the  Duke 
Institute  for  Genome  Sciences  &  Policy. 
Schizophrenia  is  one  of  the  most  com- 


mon psychiatric  disorders  in  the  world  and 
tends  to  run  in  families,  but  scientists  have 
been  unable  to  find  any  significant  genetic 
links.  Over  the  past  two  decades,  dozens  of 
possible  genes  and  single  nucleotide  poly- 
morphisms (SNPs  or  "snips")  have  been 
identified  as  possible  candidates,  but  the 
current  study  dismisses  them  all. 

Goldstein  and  lead  author  Anna  Need, 
also  of  the  Center  for  Human  Genome  Vari- 
ation, worked  with  more  than  a  dozen  other 
geneticists  to  scan  the  genomes  of  both  schiz- 
ophrenia patients  and  healthy  individuals 
for  snips  and  copy  number  variants  (CNVs). 
While  none  of  the  previously  noted  snips 
appeared  significant  in  schizophrenia,  several 
CNVs  emerged  as  potentially  causative. 

Common  throughout  the  genome  but  usu- 
ally appearing  as  deletions  or  duplications 
of  significant  stretches  of  DNA,  CNVs  can 
come  in  a  variety  of  sizes.  However,  the 
largest  deletions — those  over  two  million 
bases  long — appear  only  in  people  with 
schizophrenia,  according  to  Goldstein.  And 
while  CNVs  have  been  previously  implicat- 
ed in  schizophrenia  and  other  psychiatric 
conditions,  the  Duke  researchers  are  the  first 
to  argue  that  the  apparent  connection  be- 
tween extremely  large  deletions  and  schiz- 
ophrenia suggests  that  CNVs  are  indeed 
pathogenic,  at  least  in  a  small  number  of 
patients. 

The  findings  were  published  in  the  open- 
access  journal  PLoS  Genetics. 


until  the  end  of  this  year,  and  a  majority 
said  that  their  firms  would  cut  jobs,  reduce 
spending,  and  post  losses  in  2009. 

Among  the  CFOs'  chief  concerns  are  a 
decline  of  consumer  demand,  weakening 
credit  markets,  and  job  losses.  Overall,  they 
lack  confidence  in  the  lending  institutions 
they  do  business  with  and  foresee  cutting  5 
percent  of  their  workforce.  The  survey  has 
been  shown  to  accurately  predict  economic 
conditions. 

Campbell  Harvey,  J.  Paul  Sticht  Professor 
of  international  business  at  Fuqua,  predicts 
that  unemployment  will  rise  significantly, 
but  not  likely  to  Depression-era  levels.  Writ- 
ing in  response  to  the  CFO  survey  on  Duke 
Research  Advantage,  a  blog  maintained  by 
the  business  school,  he  maintains  that  while 
the  U.S.  economy  will  likely  hit  near  dou- 
ble-digit unemployment,  it  won't  reach  the 
20  percent  rate  of  the  Great  Depression. 
Harvey  says  service  jobs,  such  as  those  in 
health  care,  tend  to  be  less  cyclical  than  the 
manufacturing  jobs  that  predominated  in 
the  1930s. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     March-April  2009         23 


Gazette 


RESEARCH  FRONTIERS 


Killer  Decisions 

Faced  with  a  dizzying  array  of  daily 
decisions,  many  people  don't  take  a 
step  back  to  look  at  the  long-term  im- 
plications. Research  conducted  by 
Ralph  Keeney,  a  research  professor  at  the 
Fuqua  School  of  Business,  finds  that  these 
personal  decisions  lead  to  about  one  million 
premature  deaths  in  the  U.S.  annually. 

In  a  study  published  in  the  journal  Oper- 
ations Research  late  last  year,  Keeney  claims 
that  while  heart  disease  and  cancer  are 
widely  considered  the  biggest  killers,  it  is 
actually  more  accurate  to  blame  the  indi- 
vidual choices  we  make.  Behaviors  such  as 
smoking  and  unhealthy  eating  increase  the 
likelihood  of  being  afflicted  with  those  con- 
ditions. Beyond  that,  decisions  such  as  hav- 
ing unprotected  sex  or  driving  recklessly 
contribute  significantly  to  the  number  of 
annual  preventable  fatalities. 

While  in  the  last  two  centuries  societies 
have  instituted  major  public-health  efforts 
such  as  water-safety,  seatbelt,  and  antismok- 
ing  laws,  personal  decisions,  according  to 
Keeney,  remain  the  largest  factor  in  deter- 
mining our  overall  health  and  safety.  His 
research  shows  that  individuals  have  a  great 
deal  of  control  over  their  own  mortality  and 
that  individuals  don't  always  need  to  rely 
on  others,  including  government,  hospitals, 
and  nonprofit  organizations,  to  make  their 


Take  control:  Banish 


lives  safer  because  they  can  easily  take  ef- 
fective action  to  make  their  own  lives,  and 
those  of  their  families,  safer. 

Keeney  is  part  of  a  growing  group  of  re- 
searchers interested  in  behavioral  econom- 
ics. His  methods  stipulate  that  in  order  to 


constitute  a  personal  decision,  a  readily 
available  alternative  must  exist.  For  exam- 
ple, in  his  studies,  the  choice  to  smoke  is 
made  with  the  option  to  quit  also  present; 
the  choice  to  drive  drunk  is  made  over  the 
choice  of  driving  sober.  To  counter  the  trends 
he  has  identified,  Keeney  stresses  that  peo- 
ple should  take  common-sense,  life-saving 
steps  like  exercising  regularly,  avoiding  illic- 
it drugs,  and  obeying  posted  speed  limits. 

Undersea  Mapping 

Google  has  expanded  its  virtual-map- 
ping software  franchise,  and  a  re- 
searcher at  the  Nicholas  School  of 
the  Environment  helped  the  Sil 
con  Valley  giant  find  its  way.  Pat  Halpii 
director  of  the  Marine  Geospatial  Ecology 
Laboratory  and  an  expert  on  using  geospa 
tial  technology  to  map  oceans  and  marine 
life,  played  a  key  role  in  developing  content 
for  the  new  virtual  mapping  software,  Ocean 
in  Google  Earth. 

In  February,  Halpin  joined  Eric  Schmidt, 
CEO  of  Google,  and  environmentalists,  in- 
cluding former  Vice  President  Al  Gore,  at  the 
launch  of  the  new  software  at  the  California 
Academy  of  Sciences  in  San  Francisco. 

The  software  uses  images  obtained  from 
satellite  imagery,  undersea  photography,  and 
global  information  system  3-D  technology 
to  enable  users  to  "dive"  beneath  the  sur- 
face of  the  sea  and  explore  the  ecosystems, 
species,  and  geologic  features  found  there. 


Halpin  served  on  Google's  advisory  council 
as  a  representative  of  the  Census  of  Marine 
Life  (CML),  a  network  of  researchers  in  more 
than  eighty  nations  engaged  in  a  ten-year 
scientific  initiative  to  assess  and  explain  the 
diversity,  distribution,  and  abundance  of  life 
in  the  oceans. 

For  the  past  year,  Halpin  oversaw  the  in- 
corporation of  images,  geospatial  data,  maps, 
videos,  and  narratives  from  CML  explora- 
tions into  129  "virtual  expeditions"  now  ac- 
cessible to  the  public.  These  expeditions  al- 
low users  to  see  life  forms  from  some  of  the 
remotest  places  on  the  planet  and  to  read 
about  the  scientists  who  discovered  them. 

Navigating  the  CML  content  in  Ocean 
in  Google  Earth,  it  is  possible  to  come  face 
to  face  with  a  collection  of  bizarre  undersea 
creatures,  including  fifty  species  of  Arctic 
jellyfish,  a  colossal  sea  star,  and  Antarctica's 
biggest  amphipod.  With  merely  a  click  and 
a  drag,  users  can  follow  as  scientists  explore 
the  hottest  hydrothermal  vent  ever  discov- 
ered or  a  new  ocean  environment  created 
by  an  ice-shelf  break  the  size  of  Jamaica. 


24 


i'\v\v.  dukemagazine.duke.edu 


Under  the  sea:  The  Census  of  Marine  Life  layer 
on  Ocean  in  Google  Earth  lets  users  "dive"  under- 
water to  explore  ecosystems,  geologic  features,  and 
exotic  aquatic  life  anywhere  in  the  world,  including 
the  Caribbean,  opposite,  and  the  Arctic,  right. 


In  Brief 

-*  Srinivas  Aravamudan,  professor  of  Eng- 
lish and  director  of  the  Franklin  Institute, 
has  been  appointed  dean  of  humanities  in 
Arts  &.  Sciences,  replacing  N.  Gregson  Da- 
vis, Andrew  W.  Mellon  Distinguished  Pro- 
fessor of  the  Humanities  in  Classical  Stu- 
dies. Aravamudan  speciali:es  in  eighteenth- 
century  British  and  French  literature  and 
postcolonial  literature  and  theory. 

«  Duke  engineer  and  physicist  Stefano 
Curtarolo  has  received  a  Presidential  Early 
Career  Award  for  Scientists  and  Engineers  in 
recognition  of  his  discovery  of  novel  combi- 
nations of  elements  in  the  field  of  nano- 
technology.  The  award  is  the  highest  honor 
given  to  young  scientists  by  the  federal  gov- 
ernment, granting  $1  million  in  research  sup- 
port over  five  years.  Curtarolo,  who  joined 
the  Duke  faculty  in  2003,  received  the  award 
during  a  December  ceremony  at  the  White 
House. 

>  Head  football  coach  David  Cutcliffe 
signed  a  two-year  extension  in  December 
that  pushes  his  current  contract  through 


the  2015  season.  Hired  in  2007,  Cutcliffe 
guided  the  Blue  Devils  to  a  4-8  record  this 
past  season,  equaling  the  victory  total  from 
Duke's  previous  four  seasons  combined.  Duke 
saw  an  increase  of  60  percent  in  season  tick- 
et sales  for  2008  and  had  four  home  crowds 
of  30,000  or  more  fans  for  the  first  time  in 
school  history.  Duke's  average  home  atten- 
dance of  28,727  in  2008  was  the  largest 
since  1994. 

-«  John  Hope  Franklin,  the  James  B. 
Duke  Professor  Emeritus  of  history,  has  had 
a  park  named  in  his  honor.  The  John  Hope 
Franklin  Reconciliation  Park,  located  in 
Franklin's  hometown  of  Tulsa,  Oklahoma, 
commemorates  the  1921  Tulsa  Race  Riot 
that  devastated  black  homes  and  businesses 
in  one  of  the  worst  acts  of  racial  violence  in 
American  history.  Franklin's  father  was  a 
survivor  of  the  riot. 

'*  History  professor  Kristen  Neuschel,  who 
concentrates  on  late  medieval  and  early 
modern  Europe,  will  take  the  helm  at  the 
university's  Thompson  Writing  Program. 


Associate  professor  ot  English  Joseph  Harris 
had  headed  the  program,  which  offers  writ- 
ing classes  and  provides  guidance  to  stu- 
dents, since  its  creation  in  1999. 

*  Christopher  Schroeder,  Charles  S.  Murphy 
Professor  of  law  and  public  policy  studies, 
and  Arti  Rai,  Elvin  R.  Latty  Professor  of  law, 
assisted  the  Obama-Biden  transition  team  in 
the  months  following  the  November  elec- 
tion. Schroeder  was  a  member  of  a  team 
that  examined  the  operations  of  the  De- 
partment of  Justice.  Rai  served  as  a  member 
of  a  team  that  looked  at  technology  issues 
for  the  Department  of  Commerce.  Elizabeth 
Alexander,  the  poet  who  read  at  Obama's 
inauguration,  also  has  Duke  ties:  She  was 
once  a  student  of  President  Richard  H. 
Brodhead  when  he  was  a  dean  at  Yale  and 
wrote  a  poem  that  he  delivered  at  that  uni- 
versity's baccalaureate  seven  years  ago. 

*  The  board  of  trustees  approved  a  mas- 
ter's degree  program  with  the  goal  of  edu- 
cating future  leaders  in  fields  that  address 
global  health  challenges.  The  new  Master  of 
Science  in  Global  Health  degree,  to  be  of- 
fered through  the  Graduate  School  and  ad- 
ministered by  the  Duke  Global  Health  Insti- 
tute, replaces  the  certificate  in  global  health. 

*  Duke  Chapel's  original  Aeolian  organ, 
installed  in  1932,  has  returned  from  sabbat- 
ical. A  twenty-month  reconditioning  pro- 
cess, which  involved  the  replacement  of 
leather  parts  and  the  cleaning  and  repair  of 
7,000  pipes,  has  been  completed.  The  organ 
was  dedicated  during  a  concert  in  early  Feb- 
ruary in  honor  of  Kathleen  Upton  Byrns 
McClendon  '80  and  her  husband,  Aubrey 
McClendon  '81,  who  were  active  in  chapel 
activities  while  undergraduates  and  who 
supported  the  project. 

«  Duke  Medicine  has  joined  with  Belvoir 
Media  Group  to  produce  Duke  Medicine 
Health-News,  a  nationally  distributed  publi- 
cation that  provides  physician  perspectives 
on  medical  advances  in  the  news.  The  sub- 
scription-based monthly  newsletter  is  edit- 
ed by  Dan  Blazer,  J. P.  Gibbons  Professor  of 
psychiatry  and  behavioral  sciences  at  Duke. 
More  details:  www.healthnewswebsite.com. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     March-April  2009 


25 


Campus  Observer 


Dreams  Come  True 

Parents  in  tow,  a  ten-year-old  boy  ea- 
gerly guides  his  wheelchair  down  Dis- 
ney World's  main  drag,  taking  in  the 
sights.  With  the  iconic  Cinderella 
Castle  rising  ahead,  he  pauses  before  a  statue 
of  Mickey  Mouse  and  Walt  Disney  to  rest. 

Soon,  a  real-life  Mickey  waddles  into  view, 
and  the  boy  grins.  Using  a  microphone  boom 
attached  to  the  arm  of  his  chair,  he  maneu- 
vers his  trusty  point-and-shoot  camera  into 
place  and  with  the  click  of  a  remote,  cap- 
tures this  moment  forever.  "That  was  good," 
he  murmurs.  A  trip  to  Disney  World  is  mag- 
ical for  many  children.  But  for  this  particu- 
lar boy,  there's  the  promise  of  extra  magic 
simply  in  being  able  to  record  the  experi- 
ence by  framing  the  shot  and  clicking  away. 

This  scenario  is,  at  present,  only  a  dream, 
but  thanks  to  a  team  of  undergraduate  engi- 
neering students,  it  could  soon  be  a  reality. 

The  boy  (in  the  interest  of  privacy,  his 
name  has  been  withheld)  has  always  loved 
photography,  but  he  has  TAR  syndrome,  a 
rare  genetic  disease  characterized  by  an 
absence  of  the  radius  bone  in  both  forearms 
that  leaves  his  arms  much  shorter  than  av- 
erage. As  a  result,  he  has  struggled  to  use  a 
camera.  Senior  biomedical  engineering  ma- 
jors Christal  Chow,  Alex  Li,  and  hem  Mer- 
tol  spent  last  semester  designing  two  custom 
devices  for  him:  a  chair-mounted  camera 
holder  that  swivels  on  a  boom  and  a  second 
one  that  tucks  into  a  support  belt,  for  when 
he's  on  foot. 

The  CamAID  project,  as  the  members  of 
the  design  team  call  it,  was  just  one  of  seven 
carried  out  by  small  groups  as  part  of  a  sen- 
ior capstone  course,  "Devices  for  People 
with  Disabilities,"  taught  by  Laurence  Bohs 
Ph.D.  '87,  an  assistant  research  professor  of 
biomedical  engineering. 

In  Bohs'  class,  students  design  and  build 
custom  devices  that  are  not  available  com- 
mercially. They  work  closely  with  clients 
identified  by  Bohs — and  often  the  clients' 
occupational  therapists,  physical  therapists, 
and,  in  the  case  of  children,  parents — to  tai- 
lor their  inventions  to  meet  individual  needs. 

On  a  Thursday  afternoon  in  early  Novem- 


ber, Bohs'  lab  in  the  Pratt 
School  of  Engineering's  Fitz- 
patrick  Center  is  bustling  with 
activity.  In  one  corner,  Chow 
and  Mertol  are  studying  a 
notebook  full  of  diagrams  and 
measurements.  Chow  holds  a 
camera-size  box  that  they  have 
constructed  out  of  Delrin,  a 
lightweight,  durable  plastic. 

They  plan  for  the  camera  to 
sit  permanently  in  this  protec- 
tive case.  They  are  building  a 
high-density  polyethylene  base  that  attaches 
snugly  to  the  arm  of  their  client's  wheel- 
chair. The  Delrin  case,  locked  onto  a  tri- 
pod, either  can  be  screwed  into  the  base  or 
tucked  into  the  support  belt. 

Chow  takes  a  green  Sharpie  and  marks 
the  cuts  they  will  make  on  the  case.  They  will 
need  a  hole  on  one  side  to  accommodate 
the  lever  their  client  will  use  to  turn  the 
camera.  They  will  need  another  hole  on  the 
front  for  the  lens  and  several  more  on  the 
back  so  that  the  client  can  see  the  camera's 
viewfinder  and  access  the  control  buttons. 

ffl  n  another  corner,  senior  David  Wang  is 
testing  a  series  of  electrical  circuits.  His 
group's  client  is  a  five-year-old  girl  with 
Rett  syndrome,  a  neurodevelopmental 
disorder  that  has  left  her  with  limited  motor 
control.  On  the  suggestion  of  her  therapist, 
the  group  is  building  a  device  that  will  catch 
a  ball  and  allow  her  to  roll  it  back  with  the 
push  of  a  button.  Having  successfully  creat- 
ed a  prototype  that  works  using  a  magnetic 
coil  that  cues  a  lever  to  tap  the  ball,  Wang  is 
now  adding  some  bells  and  whistles,  lights 
that  flash  when  the  ball  enters  the  box. 

Nearby,  Matt  Angelos,  whose  team  is  build- 
ing a  custom  lower-body  workout  device  for 
a  twenty-year-old  man  with  cerebral  palsy, 
is  putting  together  a  shopping  list  of  the 
remaining  parts  his  group  needs:  eight  flat- 
head  screws,  cap  nut,  S-hook,  L-brackets, 
I-hook  (or  is  it  eye  hook?  He  checks  with  a 
group  member  before  adding  it).  Each  group 
has  a  $400  budget  for  supplies,  courtesy  of  a 
National  Science  Foundation  grant,  but 
many  of  the  things  they  need  can  be  found 


A  "shoe  helper"  that 
students  created  in  last 
year's  class  allowed  a 
woman  with  cerebral 
palsy  to  cut  the  time  it 
took  to  put  on  her  shoes 
from  thirty  minutes  to 
less  than  one. 


right  in  the  lab.  The  walls 
are  lined  with  shelves,  bins, 
and  cabinets  stuffed  with 
screws,  bolts,  nails,  washers, 
batteries,  metal  coils,  circuit 
boards,  wood,  plastic,  and 
sheets  of  scrap  metal — the 
detritus  from  more  than  a 
decade's  worth  of  projects. 

In  the  early  years  of  the 
class,  Bohs  says,  he  got  many 
of  his  project  ideas  from 
Robin  Newton,  then  head 
of  occupational  therapy  at  the  nearby 
Lennox  Baker  Children's  Hospital.  But  as 
word  of  the  program  spread  throughout  the 
community,  he  made  contacts  among  other 
physical  therapists,  teachers,  and  clinicians. 
Many  began  to  approach  him  with  requests 
of  their  own.  (Five  years  ago,  Richard  Gold- 
berg, a  professor  of  medicine  at  the  Uni- 
versity of  North  Carolina  at  Chapel  Hill, 
and  Kevin  Caves,  a  rehabilitation  engineer 
at  Duke  Medical  Center,  began  team-teach- 
ing a  spring-semester  section  of  the  class  in 
response  to  client  and  student  demand.) 

Many  of  the  devices  created  in  the  lab  are 
often  surprisingly  simple.  Take  as  an  exam- 
ple a  "shoe  helper"  that  students  last  year 
created,  allowing  a  woman  with  cerebral 
palsy  to  cut  the  time  it  took  to  put  on  her 
shoes  from  thirty  minutes  to  less  than  one. 
Consisting  of  only  a  shoehorn,  a  hinge,  and 
a  heel  cup,  the  device  took  home  a  student 
design  award  from  the  annual  Rehabilita- 
tion Engineering  and  Assistive  Technology 
Society  conference  despite,  or  perhaps  be- 
cause of,  its  economy.  Except  in  rare  cases, 
Bohs  and  his  students  tend  to  regard  elec- 
tronics and  small,  delicately  crafted  parts  as 
malfunctions  waiting  to  happen. 

In  order  to  make  Bohs'  list,  project  ideas 
must  fit  several  criteria:  useful,  but  unavail- 
able commercially;  novel;  complex  enough 
to  challenge  three  seniors  for  a  semester,  yet 
likely  to  be  completed.  He  gives  students  a 
guideline  of  200  total  hours  of  work  for  the 
typical  project,  though  some  take  tens,  or 
even  hundreds,  more. 

Once  students  have  identified  their  proj- 
ects, they  create  prototypes  based  on  feed- 


www.dukemagazine.  duke.edu 


back  from  clients.  Some  of  the  changes  that 
take  place  after  this  point  are  cosmetic.  The 
ball  catch-and-retum  prototype  was  con- 
structed out  of  medium-density  fiberboard 
and  screws  that  Wang  and  his  team  found 
lying  around  the  lab.  For  the  final  version, 
they  are  upgrading  to  a  high-quality  Plexi- 
glass that  will  be  laser  cut  in  the  Pratt  ma- 


chine shop;  then,  they  will  use  a  solvent  to 
fuse  the  pieces  together  seamlessly. 

But  often  the  changes  are  significant.  An- 
gelos'  group's  first  prototype  for  the  lower- 
body  workout  system  was  based  on  a  resist- 
ance-wheel model,  but  the  client  found  it 
too  large  and  bulky.  They  reviewed  several 
other  options,  including  tension  bands  and 


Forward  thinking:  Alex  Li  demonstrates  the  uses  of 
CamAID,  his  team's  project,  at  end-of-the-semester  class 
presentations. 


a  water-displacement  system.  For  their  sec- 
ond prototype,  constructed  out  of  wood 
scraps,  PVC  pipe,  and  metal  fasteners,  they 
struck  on  the  idea  of  using  a  pulley  system 
that  would  allow  the  client  to  lift  the  weight 
by  pushing  down  on  a  pedal. 

As  they  work  on  their  projects,  the  groups 
give  Bohs  regular  progress  reports.  They 
also  meet  with  their  clients  periodically  and 
are  frequently  in  e-mail  and  phone  contact 
with  them.  "The  feedback  has  been  contin- 
uous, especially  after  the  prototype  presen- 
tation," says  Ben  Wu,  who  is  working  with 
Wang  on  the  ball  catch-and-return  system. 
"It's  important  so  that  we  don't  veer  off  on 
some  tangent  where  our  final  product  does- 
n't meet  the  needs  of  the  client." 

At  the  end  of  the  semester,  the  groups 
convene  in  a  small  lecture  hall  in 
the  North  Building  to  present  their 
final  projects.  Their  presentations 
include  project  specs,  analyses  of  design  and 
replacement  costs,  short  video  clips  of  satis- 
fied clients,  and  demonstrations. 

One  group  presents  a  "mobile  cleaning 
station."  The  small  cart,  which  features  a 
mini-mop,  mini-vacuum,  and  modified  brakes 
that  release  only  when  gripped,  doubles  as  a 
walker  and  a  cleaning-supply  cart  for  a  five- 
year-old  with  cerebral  palsy  who,  according 
to  designer  Sylvia  Qu,  likes  to  "use  cleaning 
as  a  form  of  therapeutic  strengthening  exer- 
cise." 

A  second  group  shows  off  a  pair  of  shop- 
ping baskets  designed  to  attach  to  their 
clients'  wheelchairs. 

When  it's  finally  the  CamAID  team's 
turn,  Alex  Li  is  ready.  Dressed  in  a  dark  suit 
and  gray  shirt,  he  steps  to  the  front  of  the 
hall  and  welcomes  his  audience. 

"For  our  final  demonstration,"  he  tells 
them,  "we  decided  to  take  the  whole  entire 
class,  as  well  as  our  client,  to  the  most  magi- 
cal place  on  Earth:  Disney  World."  A  snap- 
shot of  the  iconic  theme  park,  one  that 
might  soon  be  taken  by  a  young  boy  in  awe, 
pops  onto  a  projection  screen  behind  him. 


-Jacob  Dagger 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     March-April  2009 


Q&A 


Fact  Funding 

The  field  of  journalism  isn't  looking  so  hot  right 
now.  With  revenues  in  sharp  decline,  papers 
large  and  small  are  scrambling  to  cut  costs, 
often  laying  off  news  staff.  Media  economist 
James  Hamilton,  Charles  S.  Sydnor  Professor  of 
public  policy  studies  and  a  professor  of  political 
science  and  economics,  is  in  his  first  year  as 
director  of  Duke's  DeWitt  Wallace  Center  for 
Media  and  Democracy.  In  a  new  strategic  plan, 
developed  this  past  fall,  Hamilton,  the  author  of 
All  the  News  That's  Fit  to  Sell:  How  the  Market 
Transforms  Information  Into  News,  worked  to 
develop  several  initiatives  that  will  allow  the 
center-and  its  students-to  play  an  important 
role  in  shaping  the  future  of  the  field. 

You're  very  concerned  about  the  preservation  of 
the  watchdog  role  of  the  media,  when  you  look 

at  where  news  markets  are  today,  I  think 
that  it's  pretty  clear  that  the  biggest  market 
failure  lies  in  the  threat  to  accountability 
journalism.  People  have  four  different 
types  of  information  demands:  producer, 
consumer,  entertainment,  and  voter.  The 
first  three  work  pretty  well,  because  people 
seek  them  out.  For  voter  information,  the 
fact  that  you're  not  really  the  decider,  that 
your  single  vote  will  not  determine  the 
outcome  of  the  election,  means  that  many 
people  remain  rationally  ignorant  about 
the  details  of  politics.  That  means  papers 
often  don't  have  a  profit  incentive  to 
engage  in  significant  watchdog  or  account- 
ability journalism. 

IS  this  a  new  trend?  You  used  to  be  able  to  do 
well  and  do  good  at  the  same  time.  When 
families  or  individuals  owned  newspapers, 
they  got  a  psychic  return  to  being  good 
community  citizens.  When  your  profit  rate 
was  35  percent  and  you  said,  "Okay,  I'll 
engage  in  some  accountability  journalism, 
and  that  might  make  it  30  percent,"  that  was 


still  feasible.  Then,  in  a  world  of  Craigslist, 
you  see  the  collapse  of  the  advertising  rev- 
enue. What's  most  at  risk  is  this  expensive 
information  that's  not  in  high  demand. 

One  possible  solution  the  center  is  looking  into 
is  nonprofit  ownership  of  media  outlets.  Can  you 

explain  hOW  this  WOrkS?  More  nonprofits  are 
beginning  to  try  to  provide  information 
that's  then  taken  up  in  the  commercial 
media.  There's  ProPublica,  an  experiment 
funded  by  the  Sandler  Foundation.  The 
Sandler  family  set  aside  $10  million  a  year 
for  three  years  to  create  a  national  inves- 
tigative reporting  team  led  by  Paul  Steiger 
from  The  Wall  Street  Journal;  he  now  has  a 
staff  of  twenty-five  reporters,  and  they're 
breaking  investigative  pieces  and  partnering 
with  commercial  outlets  like  60  Minutes  in 
order  for  the  stories  to  get  broader  play.  For 
media  outlets,  it's  free  reporting. 

The  Knight  Foundation  is  trying  to  con- 
vince community  foundations  that  they 
should  start  subsidizing  provision  of  infor- 
mation in  their  own  communities.  The 
idea  is  that  community  foundations  care 
about  education.  Guess  what?  All  the 
newspapers  just  fired  their  education 
reporters  as  a  staff  cutback.  So  the  Knight 
Foundation  is  trying  to  get  community 
foundations,  through  a  matching  grant 


program,  to  figure  out  if  there  is  a  way  they 
could  pay  for  the  creation  of  information 
about  schools  in  their  areas. 

The  idea  that  there  might  be  more  non- 
profits owning  or  creating  and  providing  or 
subsidizing  information  is  something  we're 
going  to  do  a  conference  on  in  May  at 
Duke.  It  really  will  be  focused  on  examin- 
ing the  hurdles  to  nonprofit  ownership. 

By  hurdles,  do  you  mean  finding  funding?  On  the 

newspaper  side,  we  see  they're  very  skittish 
about  taking  money  from  anybody.  But  the 
idea  that  the  advertising  model  is  diminish- 
ing is  making  some  of  them  reconsider  this 
notion  that  they  wouldn't  take  money  from 
a  foundation  or  a  nonprofit. 

There's  a  saying  on  the  Internet  that 
information  wants  to  be  free.  That's  true 
once  it's  created,  but  somebody  needs  to 
pay  for  the  story.  In  the  old  days,  people 
created  stories  if  subscribers  were  willing 
to  pay  to  read  them,  or  if  the  attention  of 
readers  could  be  sold  to  advertisers. 

The  other  [possible]  incentives  are,  "I 
will  create  this  story  if  it  changes  what  you 
think  about" — that's  what  nonprofits  or 
foundations  do.  Or,  "I  will  create  this  story 
if  I  can  get  your  vote,"  and  that's  what  a 
political  campaign  does  with  something 
like  my.barackobama.com  or  change.gov. 


www.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


Hamilton:  considering  the  future  of  journalism. 


What  about  other  potential  owner- 
ship arrangements?  Last  spring,  The 
Chronicle  of  Higher  Education  ran  an 
essay  suggesting  that  elite  universi- 
ties might  bankroll  newspapers.  Can  you  see  that 

model  Working?  There  are  restrictions  on 
nonprofit  ownership  of  commercial  enter- 
prises, but  there  are  exceptions  for  educa- 
tional institutions.  Nelson  Poynter,  when 
he  owned  The  St.  Petersburg  Times,  said, 
"I've  never  met  my  great-grandchildren, 
and  I  might  not  like  them,"  so  he  decided 
to  give  away  his  newspaper.  He  created  the 
Poynter  Institute,  a  nonprofit  educational 
institute,  which  now  owns  The  St.  Peters- 
burg Times,  and  they  demand  a  lower  profit 
rate  than  for-profit  shareholders  would. 

There  are  examples  of  public  radio  sta- 
tions owned  by  universities,  so  it  could  be 
an  option.  Yale  has  started  an  environmen- 
tal Web  magazine,  Yale  360,  that's  very 
good.  One  thing  that  makes  people  skittish 
is,  what  happens  when  the  university  is  the 
big  player  in  town?  Who's  going  to  watch 
the  watcher? 

One  other  thing  you  talk  about  in  your  strategic 
plan  is  the  tension  between  privacy  and  Web 

advertising.  We'd  like  to  spark  a  debate 
about  privacy  and  monetizing  the  attention 
of  people  who  are  interested  in  hard  news. 


Newspapers  are  very 
skittish  about  taking 
money  from  anybody. 
But  the  idea  that  the 
advertising  model  is 
diminishing  is  making 
some  of  them  reconsider. 


When  I  talk  to  my  students  in  my  media- 
policy  class,  I  say,  "Would  you  be  willing  to 
trade  off  some  of  your  privacy  for  a  better 
deal?"  and  most  of  them  say  no.  And  then  I 
say,  "Who  has  a  Harris  Teeter  [grocery 
store]  card?"  and  they  raise  their  hands. 
Then  I  say,  "You've  done  it.  You've  traded 
off  getting  to  that  lower  price  by  giving 
them  information  about  who  you  are  and 
what  your  purchase  patterns  are." 

Right  now  Google  and 
Yahoo  know  a  lot  about 
each  of  us:  what  we  surf, 
what  we  search  for.  But 
when  you  search  Google 
and  end  up  reading  some- 
thing at  The  News  & 
Observer,  right  now  you 
and  I  would  see  the  same 
mortgage  ad.  If  you 
allowed  the  company  to 
use  more  about  what  they 
know  about  you,  and 
share  it  across  companies 
to  target  ads  to  you,  that  could  raise  the 
advertising  rates. 

Which  could,  in  turn,  fund  more  news  reporting? 

The  question  is,  are  people  who  say  they 
are  concerned  about  the  future  of  journal- 
ism willing  to  let  Google  and  Yahoo  behav- 
iorally  target  them?  It's  obviously  a  tradeoff, 
but  people  don't  really  see  it  that  way  right 
now.  We'd  like  to  generate  that  discussion. 
The  people  who  say,  "I  really  care  about  the 
future  of  journalism,"  are  often  privacy 
purists.  If  in  order  to  get  the  information 
created,  you  need  to  give  something  up, 
and  that  something  is  part  of  your  privacy 
that  gets  a  better  targeted  ad,  is  it  worth  it? 

In  order  to  fill  in  the  public-affairs  reporting  gap, 
you've  talked  about  something  called  computa- 
tional journalism.  That's  the  idea  of  taking 

publicly  accessible  data  and  combining  it 
with  algorithms  and  knowledge  about 
social  science  to  basically  create  informa- 
tion that's  a  supplement  or  a  substitute  for 
current  watchdog  coverage. 

This  is  something  we've  talked  about  at 
Duke.  The  Knight  Foundation  believes  in 


our  idea  of  computational  journalism 
strongly  enough  that  they  allowed  us  to 
redefine  [a  faculty  position]  so  that  we 
now  have  a  search  going  on  for  the  Knight 
Chair  in  computational  journalism. 

Can  you  give  me  an  example  of  how  this 

WOrkS?  There's  an  organization  called 
MAPLight.org  that  has  a  product  they 
call  the  "influence  explorer."  They  pull 
data  about  campaign  contributions  and 
pair  them  with  earmarks  data  and  Congres- 
sional offices'  press  releases  about  projects 
and  look  for  correlations.  That  could  be 
a  tip:  "Oh,  look  at  that  pattern.  Let's  try  to 
investigate  it  more." 

On  a  local  level,  there's  a  great  site  called 
Everyblock,  funded  by  the  Knight  Foun- 
dation, that  takes  public  data  streams  from 
about  eleven  different  cities  and  gives  you, 
say,  crime  data.  It  allows  you  to  type  in  your 
address  and  then  see  the  crimes  around 
your  area,  but  it  doesn't  give  you  context  or 
analysis  over  time. 

But  you  could  imagine  the  following: 
You  type  in  your  address,  and  it  will  say, 
"Over  the  last  two  weeks  there  have  been 
three  breaking-and-enterings  in  your  area. 
Police  have  charged  one  person  with  one 
of  those  crimes.  The  News  &  Observer  and 
The  Herald-Sun  covered  two  of  those 
crimes,  and  here's  what  they  have  to  say 
about  them.  The  police  have  not  increased 
patrols  in  your  area,  and  this  is  a  higher 
level  of  crime  than  we  would  normally 
expect,  given  what  has  happened  last  year, 
and  here's  what  it  looks  like  where  those 
crimes  took  place." 

All  of  that  could  be  done  by  algorithm, 
but  it's  not  today  because  the  industry  does- 
n't have  the  ability  to  engage  in  R&D  in  an 
era  when  their  stock  price  is  plummeting 
and  they're  firing  significant  numbers  of 
people.  I  see  academia  potentially  playing  a 
role  to  try  to  develop  scalable  open-source 
algorithms  that  would  allow  you  to  supple- 
ment reporting — giving  journalists  tips — or 
to  substitute  for  reporting,  creating  stories 
themselves. 

— Jacob  Dagger 


DUKE  MAGAZINE      March-April  2009 


or  more  than  three  decades,  photogra- 
pher Jim  Wilson  '74  has  pointed  his  lens 
at  the  sweeping  currents  of  history. 

^^   Working  for  The  New  York  Times 
since  1980,  Wilson  has  photographed 
people  left  homeless  hy  natural  disasters 

^^^^^^^^            I 

(California  wiHfires   Hurricane  Karrina) 

and  politicians  caught  in  unguarded  mo- 
ments (President  Jimmy  Carter  with  Egyp- 
tian President  Anwar  Sadat,  presidential 
candidate  Gary  Hart  napping  on  his  cam- 
paign plane). 

He's  been  in  the  thick  of  violence  (the 
LA.  riots  after  the  Rodney  King  verdict) 
and  on  the  receiving  end  of  a  steady  gaze 
(choreographer  Merce  Cunningham,  actor 
Sir  Anthony  Hopkins).  On  his  own  time, 
le  has  captured  landscapes  that  evoke  the 
vastness  of  America's  natural  beauty. 

Wilson,  a  member  of  Duke  Magazine's  Ed- 
itorial Advisory  Board,  grew  up  in  a  military 
"amily  that  moved  frequently,  a  fact  that 
makes  his  peripatetic  lifestyle  seem  second- 
nature.  He  first  dabbled  in  photography  as  a 
Boy  Scout,  while  his  father  was  stationed  at 
the  Aberdeen  Proving  Ground  base   in 
Vlaryland.  On  a  troop  trip  to  the  1964-65 
World's  Fair  in  New  York,  the  take-up  spool 
on  Wilson's  box  camera  broke,  so  he  was 
forced  to  document  the  trip  by  buying  post- 
cards instead  of  snapping  his  own  memories 
to  keep.  When  he  shared  the  disappoint- 
ment with  his  father,  the  elder  Wilson  gave 
nis  son  an  Argus  C-3  camera  acquired  dur- 
ing the  Korean  War. 

Like  most  Americans  during  the  1960s, 
Wilson  was  deeply  moved  by  the  photojour- 
nalism in  magazines  like  Life  and  Time,  which 
wrought  the  horrors  of  the  Vietnam  War  and 
the  urgency  of  the  civil  rights  movement 
into  homes  across  America.  He  also  found 
inspiration  in  the  work  of  Ansel  Adams,  Ed- 
ward Weston,  and  other  members  of  the  | 
tamed  West  Coast  photography  collective  | 
known  as  Group  f/64-                                        J 

"I've  always  had  a  great  appreciation  for  e 

* 

51 

3     * 

PHOTOGRAPHS  BY  JIM  WILSON 

WITH  AN  INTRODUCTION  BY  BRIDGET  BOOHER 

1 

~^fcfeM                 M    By  God's  grace:  Competitors  at  the  2005  Cheyenne  Frontier 
^^ffl                      1    Days  rodeo  Pause  *°  Pray  before  saddling  up.  Photographer  Wilson,  left. 

.'vvw.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


Except  as  noted,  all  photographs  are  courtesy  of  77ie  Hew  fort  Times. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     March-April  2009         31 


the  land,"  he  says.  "I  saw  these  stunning 
scenes  and  vistas,  places  unlike  anything  I'd 
ever  seen.  I  was  amazed  that  there  were 
places  on  the  planet  that  looked  like  that." 

Despite  his  flourishing  visual  literacy,  Wil- 
son came  to  Duke  thinking  he  would  pursue 
a  career  in  psychology.  But  the  camera  kept 
beckoning.  He  joined  the  Chronicle  staff  as 
a  photographer  and  occasional  writer,  and 
found  an  inspiration  in  John  Menapace,  a 
photographer  and  teacher  credited  with 
creating  a  vibrant  photographic  community 
in  Durham  and  throughout  the  South. 

During  summer  breaks,  Wilson  interned 
with  the  Baltimore  Sun  and  the  St.  Petersburg 
Times.  In  his  senior  year,  he  became  a  stringer 
for  United  Press  International,  photograph- 
ing Duke  sports  events.  After  graduating,  he 
worked  at  Raleigh's  News  &  Observer  and 
The  Charlotte  Observer.  He  then  made  the 
move  to  Washington  to  work  for  the  Asso- 
ciated Press,  joining  the  tight-knit  commu- 
nity of  photographers  covering  the  White 
House.  A  colleague  who  worked  for  The  New 
York  Times  encouraged  him  to  send  his  port- 
folio along.  Wilson  was  offered  a  staff  posi- 
tion and  accepted,  thinking  he  would  be 
with  the  paper  tor  only  three  or  four  years. 

In  reflecting  on  his  work  with  the  Times , 
Wilson  mentions  several  subjects  that  stand 
out  vividly:  Jonestown,  Guyana,  days  after 
the  mass  suicide  of  more  than  900  followers 
of  cult  leader  Jim  Jones;  the  1985  eruption 
of  Colombia's  Nevado  del  Ruiz  volcano 
that  killed  more  than  23,000  people;  a  des- 
perate New  Orleans  in  the  wake  of  Hurri- 
cane Katrina;  New  York  City  in  the  after- 
math of  the  9/1 1  attack  on  the  World  Trade 
Center.  (Wilson  supervised  the  team  of  Times 
photographers  dispatched  to  take  photos  in 
the  days  that  followed  the  attack;  the  paper 
won  two  Pulitzer  Prizes  for  that  coverage.) 

It's  a  testament  to  Wilson's  adaptability 
that  he  can  switch  gears  seamlessly.  In  the 
summer  of  2006,  he  was  an  embed  with  a 
Marine  unit  assigned  to  Iraq's  Anbar  Prov- 
ince. More  recently,  he  headed  to  Wasilla, 


Something  in  the  way  she  moves: 
legendary  dancer  and  choreographer 
Martha  Graham,  above,  surrounded 
by  her  company  during  1990 
rehearsal  of  Maple  Leaf  Rag; 
Diana  Ross  performs  in  Central 
Park  in  1983  before  an  estimated 
crowd  of  300,000. 


.dukemaga:  ine.duke.edu 


Enduring  icons:  the  Rolling  Stones, 
backstage  at  New  Jersey's 
Meadowlands  Arena  in  the  early 
1980s,  left,  and  Anthony  Hopkins 
in  Los  Angeles  promoting  The 
Remains  of  the  Day,  which  earned 
him  an  Academy  Award  nomination 
for  best  actor  in  1993. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     March-April  2009 


History  unfolds:  Barack  Obama  and  his  wife,  Michelle,  celebrate  victory  in 

the  South  Carolina  Democratic  primary  at  a  rally  in  Columbia,  January  2008; 

President  Jimmy  Carter  and  Egyptian  President  Anwar  Sadat  outside 

the  White  House  in  1981;  presidential  hopeful  Gary  Hart,  above  right, 

before  dropping  out  of  the  race  in  1987;  former  Tennessee  senator  and 

Republican  candidate  Fred  Thompson  in  2008. 


WM. 

lL*llfl 

\imwa 

Mr  m 

.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     March-April  200"?  35 


Not  on  my  watch:  As  part  of  a  2007  New  York 

Times  series  on  drought,  Wilson  photographed 

ranchers  in  northern  Nevada  who  objected  to  plans 

for  a  pipeline  to  carry  groundwater  from  their 

land  to  Las  Vegas.  Here,  cowboys  driving  cattle  in 

Spring  Valley,  Nevada,  near  Sacramento  Pass. 


Alaska,  to  help  the  world  learn  more  about 
a  rookie  governor  tapped  to  run  as  John 
McCain's  vice  president.  "I  have  a  lot  of  lee- 
way in  which  assignments  1  take  on,"  he 
says.  "I  didn't  have  to  go  to  Iraq,  but  I  want- 
ed to.  For  something  like  a  war  or  a  presi- 
dential campaign,  I  know  how  much  work 
those  assignments  are  going  to  be.  But  there 
are  always  rewards." 

The  notion  that  a  photographer  can  main- 
tain objective  distance  from  what  he  photo- 
graphs is  a  myth,  says  Wilson.  While  on  as- 
signment to  shoot  wildfires  raging  through 
California  in  1993,  for  example,  he  came 
across  a  woman  and  her  daughter  sifting 
through  the  ashes  of  what  used  to  be  their 
house.  "It  was  in  the  Malibu  Canyon  area, 
and  the  woman's  husband  had  died  several 
months  earlier,"  he  recalls.  "She  and  her  hus- 
band had  traveled  together  and  collected 
things  from  around  the  world  in  their  trav- 
els. And  now  here  she  was,  her  whole  life 
reduced  to  a  single  two-inch  shard  of  pot- 
tery collected  from  the  ashes — that's  all  that 
was  recognizable.  They  had  given  me  per- 
mission to  photograph  them  but  I  stopped  at 
that  moment.  It  was  too  emotional  for  them 
and  for  me."  (Just  a  few  years  earlier,  Wilson 
had  had  to  evacuate  his  own  home  during 
the  Oakland  Hills  wildfires.) 

In  the  thirty-five  years  since  he  began 
working  as  a  photographer,  Wilson  estimates 
he's  shot  hundreds  of  thousands  of  frames. 
Yet  he  still  brings  a  fresh  eye  to  every  assign- 
ment. "I  try  to  talk  to  the  writer  ahead  of 
time  to  see  what  they  think  they  are  going 
to  do,"  he  says.  "And  I  try  to  learn  as  much 
as  I  can  on  my  own  about  the  subject. 

"But  I  don't  try  to  pre-visualize  what  I 
think  I  will  find,  because  that  can  be  dan- 
gerous. You  don't  want  to  focus  so  much  on 
the  thing  you  are  sure  about,  the  part  of  the 
subject  you  know  about,  and  not  see  some- 
thing unexpected  that  you  hadn't  planned 
on  seeing." 

See  more  of  Wilson's  photos  on  the  follow- 
ing pages  and  online:  www.dukemagazine. 
duke.edu. 


> 


Iwr 


'irr-  *%SS* 


>*~^* 


36 


Guns  drawn:  Police  apprehend  a  suspect  outside  the  Los  Angeles  bureau  of  the 
Times  during  the  Rodney  King  riots,  left;  Iraqi  soldier  conducts  search  of  house  in 
Anbar  Province,  below. 

Agonizing  wait:  A  thirteen-year-old  Colombian  girl  clings  to  an  aid  worker  after  the 
1985  eruption  of  the  Nevado  del  Ruiz  volcano  that  caused  catastrophic  flooding 
and  mudslides  (she  later  died),  opposite;  New  Orleans  residents  wait  for  buses 
to  evacuate  them  from  the  devastated  city  in  the  days  following  Hurricane  Katrina, 
opposite  below. 


www.dukemngazine.duke.edL 


DUKE  MAGAZINE      March-April  2009 


Cityscapes:  makeshift  encampment  on  Manhattan's  Lower  East  Side,  shot  as  part  of 
a  Times  series  on  homelessness  in  the  early  1980s;  looking  south  from  observation  deck 
at  Rockefeller  Center,  early  1980s,  above. 

Bound  to  wander:  the  New  River  near  Crumpler,  North  Carolina,  right,  taken  when 
Wilson  was  on  the  staff  of  The  Charlotte  Observer. 


.w.dukemaga:  ine.duke.edu 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     March-April  2009         41 


CLIP 

ARTIST 


As  senior  producer, 
chief  researcher, 
and  self-styled 
"cataloguer  of  lies," 
AdamChodikoff'93 
is  a  vital  link  in  the 
comedic  ecosystem 
of  The  Ddily  Show 
with  Jon  Stewdrt. 


By  David  Walters 


!■    rabbi    runs   for   Congress.    It 
is    sounds  like  the  perfect  setup  for 
ib    a  joke,  and,  as  far  as  Adam 
■■    Chodikoff  is  concerned,  it  is. 
Or  it  will  be  soon,  when  he  takes  this  par- 
ticular gem  of  comedic  potential  and 
hands  it  over  to  the  writing  staff  of 
Comedy  Central's  satirical  news  program 
The  Daily  Show  with  Jon  Stewart.  Chodi- 
koff   '93    is    The    Daily    Show's    chief 
researcher,  and  it's  his  job  to  tackle  the 
minutiae  of  the  day's  news  cycle  and  send 
the  raw  materials — in  this  case,  Rabbi 
Dennis  Shulman's  campaign  in  New  Jer- 

March-April  2009         43 


sey's  Fifth  Congressional  District — to  a  team 
of  humorists  who  will  craft  it  into  a  perfect- 
ly deliverahle  punch  line  tor  host  Jon  Stew- 
art. Chodikoff  knows  it's  a  long  shot — both 
the  rabbi's  chances  (he  lost)  and  the  poten- 
tial tor  his  joke  to  make  the  day's  script.  A 
thirty-minute  format  isn't  enough  time  to 
cover  every  story,  but  the  thirty-eight-year- 
old  Duke  grad  is  amassing  an  arsenal. 

It's  Friday,  October  31,  at  The  Daily  Show 
offices — a  non-taping  day — so  the  halls  are 
emptier  than  usual  and  the  pace  less  frenet- 
ic, but  Chodikoff  and  his  colleagues  are 
gearing  up  for  arguably  the  biggest  show  of 
the  last  four  years — "Indecision  2008:  Amer- 
ica's Choice." 

In  four  days,  millions  of  people  will  head 
to  the  polls,  and  a  sizeable  percentage  will 
then  head  home  to  watch  The  Daily  Show's 
election-night  coverage.  By  1 1  that  night, 
history  will  be  made.  The  writers  and  pro- 
ducers must  encapsulate  more  than  eighteen 
months  of  stumping  and  speechifying  in  a 
forty-minute  live  broadcast,  a  decidedly 
small  window  to  capture  one  of  the  most 
significant  moments  in  U.S.  history  and 
pepper  it  with  just  the  right  amount  of  irrev- 
erence. Chodikoff  doesn't  seem  worried — 
just  focused. 


His  desk  is  cluttered  with  the  materials 
you'd  expect — newspapers,  almanacs,  Con- 
gressional transcripts — and  a  few  things  you 
wouldn't,  the  most  improbably  ridiculous  of 
which  is  a  photo  of  Shimon  Peres  holding  a 
Daily  Show  DVD,  a  gift  from  Chodikoff  to 
the  Israeli  president.  "I  should  have  said, 
'Put  that  next  to  your  Nobel  Prize,'  "  he 
says.  "But  I  blew  it." 

He  apologizes  for  the  scattered  papers  and 
assorted  Simpsons  paraphernalia.  "It's  not 
usually  this  messy,  but  I  purposefully  didn't 
clean  up.  I  wanted  to  preserve  it  for  you,"  he 
explains,  as  if  it's  a  museum  diorama  of  his 
natural  habitat.  Just  then,  on-air  correspon- 
dent John  Oliver,  a  gangly  British  comedi- 
an, breezes  by  Chodikoff's  desk.  "Oh,  yes," 
he  chimes  in  without  slowing  down.  "That's 
authentic." 

Chodikoff's  workspace  looks  out  on  a  com- 
mon area  with  couches,  a  flat-screen  TV, 
and  a  snarl  of  DVD,  VHS,  and  Beta  players, 
where  the  writers  and  producers  have  their 
morning  meetings.  Note  cards  with  likely 
guests  and  segment  topics — Doris  Kearns 
Goodwin,  T  Boone  Pickens,  Proposition  8, 
Voter  Suppression — are  tacked  to  the  wall, 
and  someone  has  drawn  a  mustache  on  a 
photo  of  Sarah  Palin  on  the  front  page  of 


the  New  York  Post.  This  is  where  the  Daily 
Show  magic  happens,  and  Adam  Chodi- 
koff's role  in  that  magic  is  spelled  out  on  a 
single  piece  of  paper  tacked  to  a  wall  a  few 
feet  away:  I'VE  CATALOGUED  ALL  THE  LIES. 
Daily  Show  writer  Kevin  Bleyer  put  that  up, 
he  explains. 

"When  we  came  back  from  our  post-con- 
vention break,  the  McCain  campaign's  sex 
education  and  'lipstick  on  a  pig'  ads  were 
out.  I  don't  use  the  word  'lying'  lightly,  but 
they'd  definitely  been  lying,  so  I  had  all  my 
material  ready  to  go,  and  I  said  that. 
Everyone  laughed.  It's  my  slogan  now." 

For  a  guy  whose  job  is  to  unearth  the  ab- 
surd contradictions  of  politicians,  Cata- 
loguer of  Lies  is  an  apt  title,  though  it  would 
look  a  little  strange  on  a  business  card 
Technically,  Chodikoff  is  senior  producer, 
but  he  admits  that  the  nuances  of  his  job 
are  lost  in  the  nebulous-sounding  name.  He 
describes  his  role  as  more  of  a  "writers'  re- 
searcher." In  a  recent  profile,  The  Washington 
Post  dubbed  him  an  "investigative  humor- 
ist," which  he  confesses  he  loves.  His  best 
description  of  his  responsibilities,  though, 
comes  by  way  of  a  pop-culture  reference. 
"Did  you  ever  see  The  Godfather7."  he  asks. 
"When  Michael's  going  to  the  restaurant 


.dukemagaiine.duke.edi 


Center  of  levity:  With  an  encyclopedic  mind  for  facts,  Chodikoff  provides  an  objective  counterbalance  to  writers  whose  comedic  talents  can  blind  them  to  potential  bias. 


Chodikoff's  specialty  is  trimming  the  mundane, 
the  overly  technical,  and  the  densely  layered  down  to 
what  is  ultimately  worthy  of  a  Ddily  Show  z\wi. 


with  Sollozzo,  they  tape  a  gun  [behind  the 
toilet]  in  the  bathroom.  I'm  the  guy  taping 
the  gun  in  the  bathroom  so  Jon  can  come 
out  blazing."  He's  been  at  it  for  the  last 

twelve  years. 


n  1993,  after  graduating  with  a 
major  in  political  science,  Chodi- 
koff embarked  on  what  he  calls  his 
"grad  school,"  a  series  of  coveted 
industry  internships  at  CNN  and  ESPN,  and 
then  a  stint  at  Late  Night  with  Conan  O'Brien. 
Pitching  a  joke  that  eventually  made  it  on 
the  air  encouraged  him  to  pursue  a  career  in 
television  comedy.  He  even  took  the  cue 
card  and  had  O'Brien  and  then-second- 
banana,  Andy  Richter,  sign  it.  His  first  full- 
time  TV  job  was  on  a  syndicated  CBS  show 
called  Day  &  Date,  but  the  luckiest  break  of 
his  career  came  after  reading  an  article  in 
USA  Today  about  Doug  Herzog  and  Eileen 
Katz  leaving  MTV  to  take  over  Comedy 


Central.  Buried  in  the  last  paragraph  was  a 
mention  of  a  new  ESPN's  Sportscenter-type 
show,  only  not  about  sports. 

"A  light  bulb  went  off  in  my  head," 
Chodikoff  recalls.  "I  went  to  the  As  the  World 
Turns  studio  for  privacy  and  called  Comedy 
Central  and  asked  for  the  names  of  the 
executive  producers."  He  sent  a  letter  and  a 
resume  and  took  his  Conan  cue  card  with 
him  to  the  resulting  interview — "as  an  ex- 
ample of  my  vast  comedy  experience,"  jokes 
Chodikoff. 

"They  thought  I  was  psychotic.  I  think 
they  said  to  themselves,  'Well,  we'll  hire 
him  so  we  can  track  him.  He  might  be  dan- 
gerous.' " 

When  Chodikoff  began  working  at  The 
Daily  Show  in  June  1996,  Craig  Kilborn  was 
the  host,  and  the  show  had  what  was  essen- 
tially a  late-night  chat  format — hardly  the 
satirical  news  behemoth  it  is  today.  "In  the 
beginning,  my  parents'  friends  would  ask, 


'What's  Adam  doing  now?'  And  they'd  say, 
'Oh,  you  know  the  cartoon  show  with  the 
kids  that  curse  a  lot?  He's  not  on  that  show, 
but  he's  on  the  same  network.  They  make 
fun  of  the  news.'  " 

It's  hard  work,  making  fun  of  the  news.  A 
typical  day  for  Chodikoff  begins  at  6  a.m. 
He  is  the  first  of  his  colleagues  to  arrive, 
usually  by  7:30,  at  which  time  he  scours  the 
AP  wire  for  an  hour  and  a  half  for  any  po- 
tential joke  todder.  He  also  tackles  the  news- 
papers. Ask  him  which  ones  he  reads,  and 
he'll  give  you  an  answer  that  sounds  oddly 
similar  to  the  one  Sarah  Palin  gave  Katie 
Couric:  "All  of  'em." 

But,  unlike  Palin,  he  can  get  more  specif- 
ic. "I've  got  big  bales  of  papers  at  my  desk, 
tied  with  rope,  like  at  the  newsstand.  LA 
Times,  the  New  York  Sun,  The  Daily  News, 
the  New  York  Post,  The  Washington  Post,  The 
Wall  Street  Journal,  USA  Today,  The  New 
York  Times,  plus  news  magazines.  Reading 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     March-April  2009 


45 


and  reading  and  reading,"  he  says.  "As  much 
as  I  can  read  before  9  a.m.,  when  the  writers 
come  in." 

What  follows  is  a  collaborative  effort 
among  writers,  producers,  and  Chodikoff  to 
decide  what  the  topics  of  the  day's  show 
should  be.  It's  a  time-sensitive  pursuit — all 
the  news  in  the  world  ranked  and  sorted  in 
the  scant  hours  before  taping  and  reduced 
to  its  most  pertinent  components.  But  that's 
Chodikoff's  specialty:  trimming  the  mun- 
dane, the  overly  technical,  and  the  densely 
layered  down  to  what  is  ultimately  worthy 
of  a  Daily  Show  zinger.  "It's  filtering  hours  of 
verbiage  down  to  the  essential  comedy 
bits,"  Chodikoff  says.  "The  writers  are  the 
funny  ones,  but  I  see  the  potential  for  jokes. 
I'm  a  good  joke-potential-finder.  I'm  on  the 
same  wavelength  as  Jon  and  the  writers,  so  I 
see  the  patterns. 

"The  other  day,  I  noticed  that  three  dif- 
ferent Republican  senators  used  car-wreck 
analogies  to  describe  the  Wall  Street  bail- 
out. So  I  have  to  put  all  those  sound  bites 
together  and  give  them  to  the  writers  to 
work  their  magic." 

Daily  Show  executive  producer  David 
Javerbaum  knows  Chodikoff's  talents  as  well 
as  anyone;  the  two  have  worked  together 
since  1999,  when  Javerbaum  was  hired  as  a 
staff  writer.  "He  has  this  amazing  memory 


tages  produced  by  The  Daily  Show's  studio 
production  team.  "We  tape  a  lot  of  stuff," 
says  Chodikoff.  "Back  in  the  day,  we'd  pro- 
gram the  VCRs.  Now  we  have  twenty  TiVos." 

By  3  p.m.,  The  Daily  Show  team  has  recon- 
vened to  pitch  ideas  for  the  following  day, 
which  means  another  doggedly  researched 
packet  from  Chodikoff.  At  4:15,  rehearsal 
begins,  and  he  steps  over  to  the  studio  to 
make  certain  all  facts  are  accurate,  all 
graphics  are  spelled  correctly,  and  all  pro- 
nunciations are  exact.  And,  as  if  everything 
up  to  this  point  has  been  a  leisurely  amble 
toward  show  time,  Chodikoff  offers  a  warn- 
ing: "This  is  when  things  can  get  really 
hairy.  They  rewrite  a  lot  of  the  show  when 
the  audience  is  coming  in,  between  rehears- 
al and  actual  tapings,  so  they'll  want  new 
facts."  He's  happy  to  oblige,  putting  "new 
arrows  in  [Stewart's]  quiver"  as  he  calls  it,  un- 
til the  moment  the  cameras  begin  rolling. 

Chodikoff  does  not,  however,  stick  around 
for  the  tapings  most  nights.  "If  it's  a  guest  I 
really  want  to  see,  I'll  stay,  but  I'm  usually 
exhausted  by  then." 

Chodikoff's  reasons  for  demanding  factu- 
al perfection  are  simple.  "Without  credibili- 
ty, the  jokes  don't  mean  anything,"  he  says. 
"It's  like  a  geometry  proof,  and  the  proof  is 
in  the  videotape.  A  equals  B.  B  equals  C.  We 
just  have  to  prove  all  the  hypocrisy  points." 


When  pressed,  however,  he  does,  with  great 
humility,  doff  his  cap  at  a  segment  or  two 
from  the  past  few  months.  He  found  the 
tape  of  Sarah  Palin,  only  months  before  the 
Republican  convention,  asking  someone  to 
tell  her  what  a  vice  president  does.  "I  think 
we  were  the  first  to  get  that  on  the  air,"  he 
says.  "I'm  proud  of  that." 

Pressed  further,  he  acknowledges  a  slight- 
ly grander  accomplishment.  "We  had  [for- 
mer Undersecretary  of  Defense]  Doug  Feith 
on,  and  my  job  was  to  be  prepared  for  every 
argument.  Basically  over  the  span  of  a  cou- 
ple days,  I  disproved  the  entire  Iraq  war. 
Which  was  great  for  me,"  he  deadpans. 

Daily  Show  co-executive  producer  Rory 
Albanese  describes  Chodikoff  as  an  "ency- 
clopedic mind  mixed  with  a  great  sense  of 
humor"  and  credits  that  rare  amalgam  in 
making  him  one  of  the  most  valued  mem- 
bers of  the  entire  staff.  "It  would  be  tough  to 
produce  our  show  without  him,"  Albanese 
says.  "We'd  get  by,  but  most  of  what  we'd 
say  would  probably  be  made  up." 

From  night  to  night,  Chodikoff's  reward 
is  usually  a  studio  full  of  laughs  he  doesn't 
stay  to  hear,  but  he  does  have  an  impressive 
tangible  thank-you  for  the  work  he  puts  in. 
"A  couple  of  years  ago,  I  got  called  into 
Jon's  office  with  two  other  people  who  had 
been  with  the  show  for  a  long  time — a  tech- 


"I'm  a  good  joke-potential-finder.  I'm  on  the  same  wavelength 
as  Jon  and  the  writers,  so  I  see  the  patterns." 


for  sound  bites  about  anything  policy-relat- 
ed," Javerbaum  notes.  "What's  remarkable 
is  how  many  ideas  he  initiates  because  he 
remembered  that  this  guy  said  this  or  that  a 
year  ago.  He's  the  show's  unsung  hero." 

As  the  day  progresses,  Chodikoff's  role  as 
office  factotum  intensifies — from  voracious 
reader  to  research-compendia  provider  to 
dutiful  fact  checker.  When  the  writers  retire 
to  their  offices  to  prepare  jokes,  Chodikoff 
is  on  call  with  the  answer  to  any  question 
imaginable.  What's  the  GNP  of  Zambia?  Who 
was  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior  under  Eisen- 
hower? Get  me  a  quote  of  Bush  praising  former 
Attorney  General  Alberto  Gonzales.  "Within 
minutes,  he'll  knock  on  the  door  with  a  pile 
of  transcripts,"  says  writer  Tim  Carvell.  "All 
the  specific  quotes  we  need  are  circled  and 
annotated."  He  also  pitches  ideas  for  field 
pieces  and  contributes  to  the  video  mon- 


Writer  Tim  Carvell  credits  Chodikoff  with  nical  director  and  a  script  supervisor,"  Chodi- 

providing  a  necessary  counterbalance  to  a  koff  recalls.  "Jon  handed  me  a  sheet  of 

roomful  of  writers  whose  comedic  talents  paper,  and  it  said,  'How  to  take  care  of  your 

can  blind  them  to  potential  bias.  "Adam  Emmy.  Don't  polish  it;  don't  put  Windex  on 

keeps  our  show  honest.  Because  while  our  it. . ..'  And  then  he  reached  behind  his  desk 

show  can  be  wildly  unbalanced,  we  try  not  and  gave  me  an  Emmy.  I  guess  you  get  ex- 

to  be  unfair.  So  even  though  our  jokes  can  tras  when  you  win,  and  you  can  distribute 

be — and  frequently  are — incredibly  stupid  them  as  you  see  fit. 

or  silly,  they  only  work  if  the  facts  underly-  "I  didn't  take  the  subway  home  that  night, 

ing  them  are  accurate.  He'll  often  make  I  took  a  taxi,"  he  says,  laughing.  "So  I've  got 

convincing  arguments  against  certain  jokes  my  Emmy  on  my  little  IKEA  table  in  my 

if  the  premises  are  unsound.  There's  a  spe-  studio  apartment." 

cific  pained  sound  he  makes,  and  that's  a  ■■■■ 

pretty  reliable  warning  sign  that  some-  H  ■■  itting  at  his  cluttered  desk,  sur- 
thing's  wrong  with  the  joke."  """■!  rounue^  by  Spider-Man,  Curly  How- 
Modesty  prevents  Chodikoff  from  claim-  J  "  ard  of  the  Three  Stooges,  and,  yes, 
ing  full  credit  for  the  random  research  dis-  "■■■■  Shimon  Peres,  Chodikoff  looks  in  his 
coveries  that  make  The  Daily  Show  the  razor-  element,  if  such  a  randomly  appointed  set- 
sharp  send-up  machine  of  American  poli-  ting  qualifies  as  an  element.  He  gives  an 
tics  that  it  has  become  over  the  past  decade,  example  of  what  he'll  be  looking  for  on  Elec- 


46 


www.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


Bit  Parade 


Me  Magazine  asked  Adam  Chodikoff  '93,  senior  producer  for  The  Daily 
Show  with  Jon  Stewart,  to  recall  his  favorite  segments  and  how  they  evolved. 


Bush  Legacy  Watci 


tion  Night  and  feeding  on  the  fly  to  Jon 
Stewart  for  real-time  updates.  "Some  races 
are  just  close.  And  some  are  funny.  The  Ted 
Stevens  race  is  close  and  funny,"  he  says, 
almost  giddily.  He  insists  that,  in  the  brief 
moments  of  downtime  between  researching 
for  shows,  he  does  know  how  to  turn  off  his 
brain,  but  for  a  man  who  deals  almost  ex- 
clusively in  facts,  it's  the  least  believable 
statement  he's  made  all  day. 

Days  after  the  election  of  Barack  Obama, 
with  53  percent  of  Americans  still  mum- 
bling "Yes  we  can"  in  their  sleep  and  wall- 
papering their  houses  with  Shepard  Fairey 
campaign  posters  for  instant  nostalgia,  the 
average  Daily  Show  viewer  had  a  sobering 
thought:  There's  no  one  left  to  make  fun  of. 
Eight  years  of  the  Bush  administration  sup- 
plied more  than  enough  fodder,  but  the  tear 
that  fell  from  Jon  Stewart's  eye  on  election 


night — a  rare  unscripted  display  of  emo- 
tion— seemed  to  signal  a  potential  unwill- 
ingness to  tip  the  sacred  cow. 

Not  to  worry.  When,  two  nights  later 
Stewart  took  a  jab  at  Obama,  and  the  audi- 
ence's shocked  silence  gave  way  to  groans 
and  then  nervous  giggles,  Stewart's  eyes 
widened  in  fake  horror.  "How  are  we  gonna 
make  this  s***  funny!?"  he  bellowed.  An 
eruption  of  laughter  followed.  He  had  an- 
swered his  own  question. 

Which  is  not  to  say  that  the  last  days  of 
the  Bush  White  House  weren't  turned  up- 
side down  and  shaken  for  the  last  comedic 
droplets  in  the  joke  canteen.  Stewart  and 
company  said  goodbye  to  their  favorite 
Republican  in  hilarious  fashion.  But  weeks 
into  the  Obama  White  House,  the  show's 
hit  list  remains  nonpartisan,  and  no  one  has 
a  free  pass.  Humor  will  survive  the  Demo- 


cratic administration,  thanks  to  greedy 
Wall  Streeters  and  Ponzi-scheming  invest- 
ment bankers,  an  oddly  coiffed  Illinois  gov- 
ernor ("Scumdog  Million-hairs,"  as  they've 
taken  to  calling  him),  and,  of  course,  the 
new  President  of  the  United  States  himself. 
The  Daily  Show — and  its  prized  investiga- 
tive humorist — will  make  sure  of  that. 

"It's  definitely  a  new  era  of  the  show," 
Chodikoff  says.  "Being  so  immersed,  chron- 
icling the  Bush  years,  and  now  it's  over,  it's 
an  odd  feeling."  He  pauses,  then  smiles. 
"But  I  come  to  play  every  day."  ■ 

Walters  '04  is  the  associate  entertainment  editor 
of  Details  magazine  and  a  member  of  Duke 
Magazine's  Editorial  Advisory  Board. 

Clips  of  The  Daily  Show,  radio  interview  with 

Chodikoff  on  the  power  of  laughter,  and  more: 

www.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     March-April  2009 


Descende 


Darwin 


How  does  one  spe 
there  just  one  goc 
On  the  Origin  of  1 


Dse  fruit  fly?  Despite' 
les  Darwin  really  didi 


hem  that  way?  Why  isn't 
promise  of  his  masterwork's  title, 
finow  the  details. 


By  KARL  LEIF  BATES 


It's  hopeless.  Try  as  he  might, 
the  eager  young  suitor  with 
the  brick-red  eyes  simply  can- 
not inspire  the  beautiful  fe- 
male's affections. 
He  stands  beside  her,  wav- 
ing one  iridescent  wing  over 
her  as  if  making  a  blessing 
and  producing  what  sounds  like  the 
drumming  of  a  very  small  grouse.  But 
she  couldn't  care  less.  His  song  and 
dance  are  not  her  style.  And,  he  smells 
funny.  He's  literally  not  her  type.  In 
fact,  he's  another  species  entirely.  She 
informs  him  of  this  with  a  little  ditty 
of  her  own,  call  it  the  "buzz-off  song," 
that  sounds  like  a  raspberry  blown  on 
a  tiny  kazoo. 

This  failed  pickup  between  two 
closely  related  North  American  fruit 
flies  offers  a  glimpse  of  the  power  of 
biodiversity,  the  thing  that  made  hu- 
mans different  from  chimps  and  al- 
lowed DNA-based  life  to  establish  its 
sweeping  power  over  the  oceans,  the 
forests,  and  the  air.  Her  genes  and  his 
genes,  though  remarkably  similar,  are 
forever  kept  separate  by  being  carried 
in  different  species.  So  the  subtle  dif- 
ferences between  the  way  each  of 
them  metabolizes  sugars  or  tolerates 
toxins,  as  well  as  their  scents,  songs, 
and  dances,  are  preserved  and  pro- 
tected rather  than  melded  into  some 
intermediate  version. 
Charles  Darwin  understood  diver- 

Noor  builds  on  Darwin:  discovering  the  pro- 
cess at  chromosomal  level  whereby  one 
species  of  fruit  fly  becomes  two.  During  the 
cell  division  that  creates  eggs  and  sperm, 
chromosomes  normally  swap  versions  of  the 
same  gene  (A  for  a,  b  for  B,  and  so  on).  But 
sometimes,  a  section  of  chromosome  comes 
out  completely  and  is  then  reinstalled  upside 
down.  The  genes  within  that  section  can  no 
longer  trade  places  with  their  complements 
on  another  chromosome. 


sity  as  a  good  thing — nature's  way  of 
hedging  its  bets.  He  postulated  that 
the  formation  of  species  is  one  mech- 
anism by  which  life  adapts  to  new  op- 
portunities like  larger  seeds  or  plenti- 
ful but  poisonous  prey,  and  how  it 
weathers  dramatic  challenges  like 
droughts,  ice  ages,  and  the  occasional 
cataclysmic  meteor.  Species  are  also 
the  way  to  pack  the  most  life  into  a 
given  area.  "The  same  spot  will  support 
more  life  if  occupied  by  very  diverse 
forms,"  Darwin  wrote  150  years  ago. 

It  is  this  ability  to  form  discrete 
species  that  makes  this  planet  more 
than  a  giant  monoculture  of  some 
single-celled  slime.  Biodiversity  is 
what  makes  DNA-based  lite  resilient 
in  a  changing  environment,  and  it's 
something  we  probably  need  to  un- 
derstand better. 

But  where  is  the  specific  break- 
point: How  does  one  species  become 
two,  and  what  keeps  them  that  way? 
Why  isn't  there  just  one  good,  all- 
purpose  fruit  fly?  Despite  the  promise 
of  his  masterwork's  title,  On  the  Ori- 
gin of  Species,  Charles  Darwin  really 
didn't  know  the  details.  To  him,  and 
to  the  several  generations  of  biolo- 
gists who  followed,  the  forces  that 
create  species  and  keep  them  distinct 
were  just  a  fascinating  black  box — 
crucial,  but  unknown. 

Only  in  the  last  decade  has  a  hand- 
ful of  scientists  finally  pried  the  lid  off 


the  true  origin  of  species  and  begun 
to  glimpse  what's  inside.  Mohamed 
Noor,  thirty-eight,  an  ebullient,  fast- 
talking  geneticist  inclined  to  wear  T- 
shirts  at  any  occasion  and  just  as  hap- 
py with  McDonald's  at  every  meal,  is 
one  of  them.  Noor  has  discovered  a 
process  at  the  chromosomal  level 
whereby  one  species  of  fruit  fly  can 
become  two  and  stay  that  way,  even 
when  they  aren't  physically  separated 
by  geography.  It  involves  the  reversal 
of  a  portion  of  the  fly's  DNA  that 
governs  behavior  and  subtly  influ- 
ences its  choice  of  mate. 

In  February,  Noor  traveled  to  Lon- 
don to  stand  beside  a  dozen  evolu- 
tionary biologists  from  around  the 
world  honored  with  the  prestigious 
Darwin-Wallace  Medal.  The  medal, 
given  by  the  august  Linnean  Society, 
is  awarded  to  scientists  who  have 
done  the  most  to  advance  Darwin's 
thinking  over  the  last  fifty  years. 
They  are,  in  essence,  his  direct  de- 
scendants. In  a  singular  honor,  Noor 
was  asked  by  the  society  to  speak  on 
behalf  of  all  of  the  medal  recipients. 

It  was  the  Linnean  Society  that 
first  took  delivery  on  Darwin's  Big 
Idea — on  July  1,  1858,  when  the  group 
heard  a  synopsis  of  what  became  On 
the  Origin  of  Species.  Presented  along 
with  Darwin's  thesis  that  day  was  a  pa- 
per by  Alfred  Wallace,  whose  parallel 
epiphany  impelled  Darwin  to  hand 


B  I     L9       I  ■  II 

HHhl  Ihl  H  h  H         H  H  Hh 


over  what  he  considered  unfinished  work. 
The  Darwin- Wallace  Medal  has  only  been 
given  twice  before,  on  the  fiftieth  and  100th 
anniversaries  of  that  momentous  meeting. 


■T 


he  last  batch  of  scientists 
was  recognized  thirteen  years 
before  Mohamed  Noor  was 
born  in  Australia  to  Egyp- 
tian parents.  He  grew  up  in 
Virginia,  where  his  dad  taught 


mechanical  engineering  at  various  universi- 
ties and  did  research  with  NASA  at  the 
Langley  Research  Center.  As  an  undergrad- 
uate, Noor  was  less  than  a  stellar  student, 
until  he  took  a  course  on  genetics  his  junior 
year  at  the  College  of  William  &  Mary.  "Then 
I  thought,  'Why  not  take  every  course  that 
has  genetics  in  the  title? ' "  Many  of  this  year's 
Darwin- Wallace  honorees  became  familiar 
fixtures  in  his  textbooks:  household  names 
like  the  late  Stephen  Jay  Gould,  and  others, 


Mash-ups  of  Evolutionary  Data 


^ 


A  hundred  and  fifty  years  after  Charles  Darwin  assembled 
a  mountain  of  disparate  data  into  one  grand  synthesis,  and  fifty  years 
after  scientists  began  cranking  out  the  gene-by-gene  description  of 
every  life  form  they  could  get  their  hands  on,  you'd  think  it  would  be 
about  time  for  a  little  more  synthesis. 

In  a  row  of  small  offices  that  could  pass  for  an  insurance  agency, 
Duke  biology  professor  Kathleen  Smith  heads  an  experimental 
program  aimed  at  jump-starting  just  that.  "There's  value  in  a  half- 
a-century's  data,"  she  says  with  just  a  hint  of  understatement.  But 
how  do  you  begin  to  mine  it? 

The  National  Evolutionary  Synthesis  Center,  or  NESCent,  has  sup- 
port from  the  National  Science  Foundation  (NSF)  and  is  housed  in  the 
Erwin  Square  Mill,  a  converted  tobacco  warehouse  that  Duke  rents, 
between  Central  and  East  campuses. 

Although  many  of  the  NESCent  scientists  have  experience  catch- 
ing dangerous  things  in  swamps  and  doing  mind-numbing  tasks  to 
satisfy  the  needs  of  laboratory  machines,  here  they  sit  in  front  of 
computers  and  stand,  feet  dry,  in  front  of  white  boards. 

They're  creating  mash-ups  of  related  data  from  different  disci- 
plines of  science  and  different  orders  of  life,  trying  to  get  their  heads 
around  the  patterns  that  might  reveal  some  larger  truths. 

NESCent  postdoctoral  fellows  Samantha  Price  and  David  Kidd,  for 
example,  combined  several  sets  of  data  on  the  evolution  and  geo- 
graphic spread  of  hoofed  animals.  The  result  is  a  detailed  yet  accessible 
poster  depicting  the  74  million-year-old  history  of  the  entire  artiodactyl 
family  imposed  on  a  series  of  maps  that  shows,  with  new  clarity,  when 
and  where  camels,  cows,  and  antelopes  went  their  separate  ways. 

"Visualization  is  so  important  for  synthesis,"  says  Price,  who  recently 
moved  from  Durham  to  the  University  of  California  at  Davis.  "When  you've 
got  a  huge  set  of  synthetic  data,  you  can't  really  understand  it  without  visualization." 

The  four-year-old  NESCent,  which  is  applying  for  a  second  round  of  NSF  funding,  is  developing  new  visuali- 
zation tools.  It  also  hosts  working  groups  of  scientists  from  diverse  fields  around  the  country  who  are  eager  to 
start  putting  the  pieces  together  around  some  common  questions. 

"At  this  point,  we're  not  talking  about  the  grand  synthesis  yet,"  says  Smith,  who  shares  leadership  of 
NESCent  with  colleagues  at  the  University  of  North  Carolina  at  Chapel  Hill  and  North  Carolina  State  University. 
"But  we  do  have  the  potential  for  really  understanding  phylogeny,"  the  family  tree  of  evolutionary  history. 

"We're  living  in  an  era  when  we  have  so  much  information  that  we  have  to  go  back  to  a  synthetic  mode  of 
thinking  again  because  we're  starting  to  lose  the  forest  for  the  trees,"  says  Greg  Wray  Ph.D.  '87,  a  professor  of 
biology  at  Duke  who  sits  on  NESCent's  advisory  board.  "There  are  now  so  many  trees  that  we  can't  actually  see 
how  the  pieces  fit  together  anymore." 

-MM Bates 
See  whole  poster:  www.dukemagazine.duke.edu. 


Speciation  trail:  detail  from 
NESCent  poster  charting 
74  million  years  of  the  evolution 
and  geographic  spread  of 
hoofed  animals. 


like  Lynn  Margulis  and  John  Maynard- 
Smith  (Richard  Dawkins'  mentor),  best 
known  in  scientific  circles. 

Darwin  didn't  know  anything  about  the 
mechanics  of  genetics  that  Noor  was  taught: 
Gregor  Mendel's  principles  of  inheritance, 
the  gene-shuffling  rules  of  recombination, 
the  structure  and  function  of  DNA. 

But  he  didn't  need  to  because  he  based 
many  of  his  ideas  on  a  near-perfect  labora- 
tory of  evolution,  the  isolated  Galapagos  Is- 
lands. He  correctly  deduced  that  geographic 
isolation  allowed  populations  to  slowly  drift 
apart  in  their  appearance  and  habits,  even- 
tually becoming  two  species  that  would  have 
nothing  to  do  with  one  another,  and  indeed 
be  unable  to  produce  viable  offspring. 

But  that  can  only  be  one  of  possibly  sev- 
eral ways  to  make  species.  "To  explain  the 
diversity  of  life,  you'd  have  to  posit  a  geo- 
graphic barrier  every  time,"  says  Carlos  Ma- 
chado,  a  biologist  at  the  University  of  Mary- 
land and  close  collaborator  with  Noor.  The 
process  of  making  a  new  species  isn't  sudden 
and  irreversible,  so  how  do  we  end  up  with 
similar  species  coexisting  in  a  single  habi- 
tat, like  the  eleven  variations  of  a  basic 
woodpecker  that  we  see  in  eastern  North 
America  or  the  two  fruit  flies — the  spurned 
lover  and  the  object  of  his  desire — living 
side  by  side  in  the  Pacific  Northwest?  Clearly, 
there's  another  way  to  separate  two  species 
and  allow  them  to  progress  in  their  own  ways. 

Noor  is  credited  with  helping  to  solve 
that  riddle,  but  like  most  good  science,  it's 
not  what  he  initially  set  out  to  do.  As  a  Uni- 
versity of  Chicago  graduate  student,  he 
shaped  his  thesis  to  test  a  theoretical  notion 
called  "reinforcement,"  in  which  two  species 
in  the  process  of  separating  experience  some 
kind  of  subtle  pressure  to  discriminate  be- 
tween mating  partners.  It  was  theoretical  be- 
cause no  one  had  actually  seen  it  operate  in 
species  that  were  not  already  irreversibly  set. 

Having  identified  two  species  of  fruit  flies 
that  appear  to  share  a  large  area  of  the  west- 
ern United  States,  Noor  spent  a  month 
tramping  around  the  mountains  of  Utah, 
Arizona,  and  California,  setting  out  buckets 
of  mashed  bananas  and  yeast — an  irre- 
sistible banquet  for  fruit  flies — and  then 
netting  and  jarring  the  flies  he  wanted.  He 
hauled  them  back  to  the  lab  in  Chicago  and 
watched  them  having  sex,  keeping  track  of 
who  danced  with  whom  and  how  their  kids 
turned  out.  "It  was  really  1930s  science," 
Noor  says,  referring  to  the  pioneering  work 


www.dukemagaz  ine.duke.edu 


V 


\ 


f* 


> 


>P 


It  would  be  easy  to  get  lost  in  the  details  required 
by  this  search  for  anomalous  needles  in  the 
haystack.  But  the  goal  looms  large:  understanding 
the  exact  schism  that  starts  a  new  species. 


-    ^ 
'* 


\* 


vh 


"  * 


& 


by  Thomas  Hunt  Morgan,  who  discovered 
much  of  what  we  know  about  chromosomes 
and  heritable  traits  through  a  series  of  very 
clever  experiments  with  the  fruit  fly  Dro- 
sophila  melanogaster. 

Old  school,  maybe,  but  still  full  of  power. 
Morgan  was  a  geneticist  and  embryologist 
and,  like  many  of  his  colleagues  at  the  time, 
thought  that  Darwin  could  be  proved 
wrong  in  the  details  of  species  formation.  In 
fact,  Morgan  wasn't  so  sure  that  species 
were  even  real  distinctions.  He  set  out  to 
prove  his  point  by  tracking  how  a  mutation 
is  handed  down  through  generations,  dis- 
covering along  the  way  that  chromosomes, 
those  squiggly  X-shaped  things  at  the  center 
of  every  cell,  are  the  carriers  of  inheritance. 
Morgan  established  Drosophila  melanogaster 
as  the  tiny  workhorse  of  biology,  a  species 
we  understand  better  than  any  other;  he 
spawned  a  generation  of  great  geneticists; 
and  in  the  end,  he  showed  that  Darwin  had 
been  more  correct  about  species  than  any- 
one had  a  right  to  expect. 

Noor  chose  to  study  Drosophila  pseudo- 
obscura  and  Drosophila  persimilis  instead  of 
the  obsessively  studied  melanogaster.  Some 
colleagues  tried  to  warn  him  away  from 
working  on  what  they  felt  would  be  dead- 
end species.  But  unlike  the  lab  flies,  these 
two  species  had  a  natural  history.  They 
shared  a  geographic  area  and  are  related 
closely  enough  to  produce  hybrid  offspring. 
That's  what  he  needed. 

Under  controlled  conditions  in  the  lab,  a 
female  pseudoobscura  from  an  area  where 
persimilis  flies  are  not  found  will  mate  with  a 
persimilis  male,  even  though  he  sings,  dances, 
and  smells  funny.  Her  hybrid  offspring  will 
be  a  mixed  success:  the  males  sterile;  the 
females  fertile.  By  contrast,  a  pseudoobscura 
female  from  any  area  where  these  kinds  of 
matings  might  actually  occur  is  not  the  least 


was  testing  for.  There  is  a  factor — mating 
selectivity — that  keeps  the  two  species  mov- 
ing apart,  even  though  they  are  still  geneti- 
cally similar  enough  to  produce  viable  off- 
spring. The  selectivity  isn't  something  the 
pseudoobscura  females  think  about,  but  it  has 
been  incorporated  into 
their  behavior  genes  by 
the  subtle  accumulation  of 
reduced  odds  of  reproduc- 
tive success.  Where  the  two 
species  might  have  been 
able  to  interbreed,  count- 
less generations  of  trial- 
and-error  matings  created 
untold  numbers  of  sterile 
male  hybrids.  And  those, 
in  turn,  have  slightly  re- 
duced the  odds  of  success 
for  pseudoobscura  females 
who  are  willing  to  cross 
species  boundaries.  The 
ones  who  tried  it  had  fewer 
offspring  in  the  aggregate 
than  the  females  who  stuck 
to  their  kind,  and  so  the 
entire  population,  slowly 
and  inexorably,  shifted  to- 
ward pickiness.  "Sterility  is 
the  ultimate  barrier  to 
blending  species,"  Noor 
says,  adding  a  booming 
laugh  all  out  of  proportion 
to  his  slim,  wiry  body. 

This  part  of  Noor 's  dissertation  work  was 
published  in  Nature,  and  immediately  set 
him  on  the  fast  track.  "This  is  pretty  classi- 
cal work,"  says  Allen  Orr,  the  Shirley  Cox 
Kearns  Professor  of  biology  at  the  Univer- 
sity of  Rochester,  who  also  received  the 
Darwin- Wallace  Medal  in  February.  "Now  it 
pays  for  them  to  stop  mating  with  everyone 
because  it  produces  sterile  hybrids,"  says 


-e> 


-^ 


94. 


bit  interested  in  allowing  a  persimilis  to     Orr,  who  shared  both  his  undergraduate  and 


mate:  If  she's  from  an  area  where  her  ances- 
tors had  the  opportunity  to  accept  this  kind 
of  pairing,  the  cues  that  the  persimilis  prof- 
fers are  a  powerful  deterrent. 
This  is  reinforcement,  the  concept  Noor 


graduate  mentors  with  Noor.  The  behav- 
ioral barrier  between  them  enables  their 
genes  to  adapt  on  separate  trajectories,  just 
as  if  they  were  on  separate  islands. 

In  addition  to  conceiving  of  geologic 


time,  this  is  perhaps  the  hardest  part  of  get- 
ting one's  mind  around  evolution.  There 
isn't  a  flash  and  boom  that  makes  one 
species  into  two;  it's  a  subtle,  interminable 
process.  "It  takes  hundreds,  thousands,  may- 
be tens  of  thousands  of  generations  for  spe- 
ciation  to  happen,"  says  Greg  Wray  Ph.D. 
'87,  professor  of  biology  and  director  of  the 
center  for  evolutionary  genomics  in  the 
Duke  Institute  for  Genome  Sciences  & 
Policy.  "So  how  do  you  study  that?" 

So  far,  a  big  part  of  the  answer  has  been 
fruit  flies.  They  multiply  geometrically,  pro- 
ducing a  new  generation  every  three  weeks, 
and  can  live  by  the  tens  of  thousands  in  a 


DUKE  MAGAZINE      March-April  2009 


51 


Natural  Security:  Surviving  by  Adapting 


n  nature,  the  threat  level  is  always  at  least  orange:  Predators  and  plagues  are  an 
unrelenting  menace  to  the  well-being  (and  successful  reproduction)  of  every 
living  thing.  So  does  your  body  make  every  gulp  of  air  take  off  its  shoes  before 
entering  your  lungs  to  ensure  that  it's  not  smuggling  pathogens? 
Of  course  not,  says  Rafe  Sagarin,  an  assistant  research  professor  of  marine  science  and 
conservation  in  the  Nicholas  School  of  the  Environment,  and  it  would  be  ridiculous  to 
try.  If  you  didn't  suffocate  first,  the  microbes  would  simply  find  another  way  to  get  in. 
That's  what  natural  threats  do. 
Sagarin,  an  ecologist  who's  normally  more  concerned  with  the  urchins  and  starfish  in  tide  pools,  got  to 
«,      thinking  about  these  things  as  a  Congressional  science  fellow  less  than  a  year  after  the  9/11  terrorist  attacks. 
1  He  saw  Washington  building  an  expensive  new  shell,  erecting  large  barriers 
^  around  buildings  and  posting  guards  and  cameras  in  every  doorway. 
1  "Everything  was  about  more  guards,  more  guns,  and  more  gates,"  he  said. 
|  "I  was  thinking,  'If  I'm  an  adaptive  organism,  how  would  I  cope  with  this?' " 
Pretty  simply,  as  it  turns  out.  "If  they're  checking  every  trunk,  I'll  put  the 
bomb  in  the  back  seat." 

Sagarin  thinks  this  way  because  he's  a  biologist,  not  a  cop.  And,  he  says,  it's 
a  mode  of  thinking-informed  by  Charles  Darwin's  insights  into  life's  struggle  for  survival  and  fecundity-that 
more  security  analysts  would  be  wise  to  adopt. 

Sagarin,  who  is  the  editor  of  Mural  Security:  A  Darwinian  Approach  to  a  Dangerous  World  (University  of 
California  Press,  2008),  has  convened  a  national  committee  of  experts  from  related  fields  of  biology,  anthropol- 
ogy, and  virology,  as  well  as  security,  psychology,  and  math  to  think  about  ways  that  Homeland  Security  could 
act  more  like  an  immune  system  and  less  like  Wild  Bill  Hickok. 

In  nature,  a  threat  is  dealt  with  in  several  ways.  There's  collectivism,  where  one  meerkat  sounds  the  alarm 
about  an  approaching  hawk,  or  camouflage,  where  the  ptarmigan  hides  in  plain  sight.  There's  redundancy,  like 
our  wisdom  teeth,  or  unpredictable  behavior,  like  the  puffer  fish's  sudden,  spiky  pop.  Under  the  unyielding 
pressure  of  3.5  billion  years  of  evolution,  the  variety  of  defenses  is  beyond  counting.  But  they  all  have  a  few  fea- 
tures in  common.  A  top-down,  build-a-wall,  broadcast-your-status  approach  "is  exactly  the  opposite  of  what 
organisms  do,"  Sagarin  says. 

An  immune  system,  for  example,  is  not  run  by  a  central  authority.  It  relies  on  a  distributed  network  of 
autonomous  agents  that  sense  trouble  on  the  local  level  and  respond,  adapting  to  the  threat  and  signaling  for 
backup  without  awaiting  orders  from  HQ. 

Sagarin's  brand  of  "natural  security"  may  take  some  getting  used  to.  "Organisms  do  not  try  to  get  rid  of  risk 
in  their  environment,"  he  says.  "They  learn  to  live  with  it." 

The  total  elimination  of  risk  is  far  more  costly  than  the  organism  could  bear,  and  probably  futile,  since  the  threats 
adapt.  But  by  being  responsive  and  adaptable  and  not  putting  every  last  bit  of  its  budget  into  defense,  an 
organism  stands  a  far  better  chance  of  being  able  to  handle  an  unforeseen  risk  in  an  escalating  arms  race,  he  says. 
"Almost  everything  organisms  do  is,  in  some  way,  about  security." 


space  the  size  of  a  suburban  walk-in  closet. 
Thanks  to  Noor  and  a  few  otbers,  complete 
genetic  sequences  for  a  dozen  different 
species  of  flies  are  now  just  a  mouse  click 
away.  Starting  with  Morgan,  biologists  have 
learned  how  to  make  genetic  mutations  at 
will  by  exposing  flies  to  toxic  gases  and  radi- 
ation, resulting  in  flies  without  eyes,  flies 
with  legs  on  their  heads,  and  myriad  other 
perversions.  Thousands  of  dissertations  have 
sacrificed  millions  of  flies.  And  nobody  has 
ever  complained. 

In  the  fly  room  on  the  fourth  floor  of  Duke's 


gleaming  new  French  Family  Science  Cen- 
ter, a  single  one-inch-diameter  glass  tube 
with  a  teaspoon  of  yeasty  glop  at  the  bottom 
can  sustain  fifty  adult  flies.  The  tube  is  in  a 
carefully  labeled  rack  with  fifty  more  tubes 
on  a  shelf  with  a  dozen  racks,  on  a  wall  with 
twenty-five  shelves.  There  are  something  like 
50,000  flies  over  graduate  student  Audrey 
Chang's  shoulder  as  she  sits  down  to  one  of 
a  dozen  microscopes  to  sort  flies.  Through 
the  doors,  a  room  chilled  to  64  degrees  holds 
at  least  another  50,000  flies  that  do  every- 
thing a  bit  slower,  including  dying.  In  a 


bank  of  freezers  lining  a  nearby  hallway, 
another  50,000  lie  in  permanent  repose. 

Chang,  the  Noor  lab's  lead  grad  student, 
pulls  the  stopper  from  a  vial,  inverts  it  over 
a  three-by-five  white  block,  and  gives  it  a 
sharp  rap.  The  fly  that  tumbles  out  is  a  male 
D.  pseudoobscura  bogotana,  descendant  of  a 
rare  subspecies  of  pseudoobscura  from  the 
mountains  of  Colombia  that  are  still  mem- 
bers of  the  species,  despite  a  separation  of 
4,000  miles  and  perhaps  10,000  years.  This 
guy's  a  lab  mutant,  with  two  select  chunks 
of  D.  persimilis  DNA  inserted  into  his  ge- 
nome. Landing  upright,  he  takes  a  couple  of 
halting  steps  and  then  freezes  in  his  tracks, 
stunned  by  the  pure  carbon  dioxide  wafting 
up  from  the  stage  beneath  his  feet.  Chang 
scoops  the  fly  up  deftly  on  a  small  white 
paintbrush  and  pops  him  unharmed  into  a 
new  vial  where  a  virgin  bogotana  female 
with  one  chunk  of  D.  persimilis  genes  waits. 

The  mutant  pair  will  mate,  having  little 
else  to  do  in  there,  producing  eggs  and  lar- 
vae in  their  tube.  For  her  dissertation,  Chang, 
who  grew  up  in  Taiwan,  is  making  thousands 
of  these  careful  crosses  to  narrow  down  the 
genetic  factors  that  make  some  hybrid  males 
sterile.  She  is  a  meticulous,  steady-handed, 
and  long-suffering  scientist  who  previously 
ripped  the  testicles  from  4,500  male  fruit- 
flies,  smashed  them  under  4,500  cover  slips 
on  4,500  slides,  and  then  eyeballed  each 
one  under  a  microscope  to  see  whether  any 
sperm  were  wiggling,  a  sign  of  fertility.  She 
saw  fruit-fly  sperm  when  she  closed  her  eyes 
at  night.  "I  realized  that  I  needed  a  certain 
sample  size,  and  there  wasn't  any  other  way 
to  do  it,"  Chang  says.  "I  really  want  to  know 
the  answer."  Twenty  days  per  generation  for 
four  years  yields  more  than  seventy  genera- 
tions of  fruit  flies,  a  number  Chang  doesn't 
even  want  to  think  about. 

It  would  be  easy  to  get  lost  in  the  details 
and  the  mechanical  tedium  required  by  this 
search  for  anomalous  needles  in  the  hay- 
stack. But  the  goal  looms  large:  understanding 
the  exact  schism  that  starts  a  new  species. 
What  she's  doing  is  really  an  outgrowth  of 
Morgan's  methodical  work  but  rendered  at 
a  much  finer  scale  by  today's  ability  to  read 
individual  letters  of  genetic  code. 

This  is  where  Noor's  energetic  pursuit  of 
species  formation  has  led  them.  Soon  after 
publishing  his  landmark  paper  on  reinforce- 
ment in  Nature,  he  turned  his  attention  to 
learning  the  then  new-fangled  tools  of  gene 
sequencing.  By  mapping  specifically  where 


52 


www.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


on  the  fruit  fly's  four  chromosomes 
various  traits  seemed  to  lie,  he  hoped 
to  find  the  signature  of  divergence, 
the  split  of  species.  What  he  found 


* 


Variety  isn't  just  the 
spice  of  life,  it's 
the  secret  ingredient. 


is  so  elegant  that  it's  a  wonder  it  wasn't  more 
obvious:  Chunks  of  psendoobscura's  chromo- 
somes are  upside-down  in  relation  to  their 
counterparts  in  persimilis.  Noor  had 
looked  for  the  genes  that  govern 
fruit-fly  sex  selection — dancing, 
scent,  and  song — and  found  that  all 
of  them  lay  within  these  inverted 
sections  of  chromosome. 

By  way  of  analogy,  imagine  going 
to  a  shelf  in  a  library  and  pulling 
out  an  armload  of  books,  say  a  dozen 
or  so.  Each  book  represents  a  single 
gene.  Flip  that  stack  of  books  180 
degrees  and  re-shelve  them.  That's 
sort  of  what  an  inversion  looks  like. 
Chromosomes,  the  bookshelves,  are 
a  packaging  device  for  moving  bulk  amounts 
of  DN A  around  in  a  cell  and  facilitating  the 
orderly  shuffling  of  genes  that  makes  your 
children  a  blend  not  only  of  you,  but  of  your 
parents  as  well. 

In  the  process  that  forms  an  egg  or  sperm, 
the  floppy  arms  of  those  X-shaped  chromo- 
somes will  sometimes  cross  over  each  other, 
break,  and  swap  segments.  This  is  known  as 
recombination.  Then,  when  the  cell  divides 
to  make  two  sperm,  the  X  splits  at  the  center, 
and  each  arm  goes  its  own  way.  That  new 
hybrid  arm  becomes  the  genetic  cargo  of  a 
single  sperm  carrying,  say,  your  mother's  eyes 
and  your  father's  ears.  This  blending  of  traits 
from  grandpa  and  grandma  is  part  of  the 
process  by  which  nature  continually  shuf- 
fles the  deck  of  genetic  traits.  Conception  is 
another.  Over  and  over,  the  deck  is  shuffled, 
creating  endless  variations  on  a  theme  and 
making  life  more  robust.  Over  time,  varia- 
tion can  also  make  new  species,  further 
enhancing  life's  hold.  Variety  isn't  just  the 
spice  of  life,  it's  the  secret  ingredient. 


But  an  inversion,  a  chunk  of  the  chromo- 
some that  comes  out  completely  and  is  then 
reinstalled  upside  down,  prevents  recombi- 
nation. The  genes  within  the  inversion  can 
no  longer  be  shuffled  with  the  like  sequence 
on  the  other  arm  of  the  X  because  they're  in 
an  unrecognizable  order.  Consequently,  they 
will  travel  together  through  the  generations 
in  a  block.  And  while  segregated  from  shuf- 
fling with  their  counterparts,  the  genes 
within  the  inversion  will  also  begin  to 
change,  becoming  subtly  different. 

Here  was  a  mechanistic  process  that  could 


account  for  two  species  ratcheting  apart, 
but  never  back  together. 

"The  moment  of  the  inversion  is  one 
step  in  divergence,  but  the  inversion  by  it- 
self does  not  necessarily  cause  a  new  spe- 
cies," Noor  is  quick  to  add.  For  one  thing,  it 
occurs  in  only  one  fly  at  first;  her  progeny 
then  have  to  conquer  the  population. 

"This  piece  of  inversion  propagates  from 
one  generation  to  another,  either  through 
random  events  or  maybe  if  it  harbors  a 
favorable  gene  form,"  Noor  explains.  "It  may 
be  be-bopping  around  at  very  low  frequency 
and  then  get  lucky  with  a  favorable  muta- 
tion." Over  many  generations,  this  kind  of 
stepwise  change,  coupled  with  the  inability 
to  recombine,  leads  to  divergence,  the  sepa- 
ration of  one  species  into  two.  "Divergence 
is  not  a  moment,  but  a  process,"  Noor  says. 
In  the  case  of  the  two  western  flies,  the 
block  of  genes  that  became  segregated  by 
inversion  happened  to  carry  the  genes  for 
mating  discrimination.  Otherwise,  Noor 
never  would  have  found  it. 

With  some  degree  of  scientific  under- 
statement, the  Linnean  Society  calls  chro- 
mosome inversions  that  support  reinforce- 
ment "a  likely  important  first  phase  in  spe- 
ciation." 

"There  is  a  pattern  there,"  Allen  Orr  says. 
"He's  onto  something  pretty  big." 

"Important  is  always  a  tricky  word,"  says 
Noor,  who  appears  baffled  to  have  been  in- 
£  eluded  among  the  Darwin-Wallace  Medal 
1  recipients.  "Does  'important'  mean  it  hap- 
•|  pened,  or  does  'important'  mean  95  percent 
-of  the  time  this  is  how  it  works?  We  always 
|  come  back  to  that  with  almost  every  evolu- 
""  tionary  question.  You  can  find  a  single  ex- 
ample of  just  about  anything  you  toss  out 
there.  A  bigger  question  will  be  frequency, 
which  unfortunately  is  much  tougher  to  get." 
But  that's  what  he's  going  after  now, 
pulled  by  thousands  of  tiny  beasts  of  bur- 
den. ■ 

Bates  is  director  of  research  communicatiom  in 
Duke's  Office  of  News  &  Communications  and 
editor  of  Duke  Research,  an  online  magazine. 

Video  of  Noor  in  the  lab  and  links  to  other  research: 
www.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


DUKE  MAGAZINE      March-April  2009 


u 

B  e  could  be  the  emblematic  Duke 
B  freshman:  self-assured,  well-spo- 
B  ken,  goal-oriented.  Early  in  the 
spring  semester,  Andrew  shows  up  at  one  of 
the  numerous  campus  cafes  that  peddle  an 
enticing  array  of  caffeinated  concoctions. 
He's  there  to  talk  about  a  different  stimu- 
lant— a  so-called  "study  aid"  drug. 

Back  in  December,  he  had  to  review  an 
entire  chemistry  textbook 
and  related  problem  sets.  In 
the  tradition  of  students  who 
are  proud  procrastinators,  he 
had  left  the  task  to  a  couple 
of  nights  before  final  exams. 
After  a  grueling  practice  for  a 
club  sports  team,  he  got  back 
to  his  dorm  room  late, 
grabbed  his  chemistry  mate- 
rials, sank  into  a  chair,  and 
popped  a  capsule  of  Concer- 
ta,  an  extended-release  drug 
that  he  had  mooched  off  a 
friend.  The  drug  is  pre- 
scribed for  attention-deficit 
hyperactive  disorder  (ADHD) 
— which  Andrew  doesn't 
happen  to  have. 

He  didn't  leave  the  chair 
until  8  or  9  the  next  morn- 
ing. His  roommate  fell  asleep 
watching  the  studying  Andrew;  the  room- 
mate woke  up  to  the  still-studying  Andrew. 

"You  do  what  you  have  to  do,"  Andrew 
says  about  resorting  to  the  drug.  "I  don't  see  a 
problem  with  it."  He  adds  that  he's  sure 
other  students  find  themselves  drawn  to 
other  stimulants — caffeine  pills,  maybe,  or 
Red  Bull,  the  energy-boosting  drink  that  he 
finds  distasteful  and  maybe  dangerous. 

Competition  is  clearly  part  of  his  life,  as  it 
is  for  many  Duke  students:  He  was  a  high- 
school  valedictorian,  is  taking  a  premed 
cumculum,  and  sticks  with  an  intense  daily 
workout  at  Brodie  Gym  on  East  Campus.  "If 
you  have  to  put  in  that  much  work,"  he 
says,  "it's  worth  it"  to  be  a  Concerta  consum- 
er at  critical  times  in  the  school  year.  For 
him,  this  particular  episode  of  chemistry 
cramming  was  indeed  worth  it,  he  insists, 
although  he  declines  to  be  specific  about  his 
final  grade.  His  goal  was  to  recover  from  a 
weak  performance  earlier  in  the  semester. 
And  he  managed  that,  he  says. 

Andrew  (not  his  real  name)  fits  a  profile 
outlined  in  a  Duke  study  released  in  Decem- 
ber. The  study,  led  by  researchers  from  the 


department  of  psychology  and  neurosci- 
ence,  found  that  9  percent  of  the  Duke  stu- 
dent body  illicitly  used  ADHD  medication 
such  as  Ritalin,  Adderall,  and  Concerta  dur- 
ing college.  Nearly  20  percent  of  the  group 
of  users  had  done  so  ten  or  more  times  in  the 
past  six  months.  All  of  those  stimulants  are 
Schedule  II  drugs,  as  defined  by  the  Drug 
Enforcement  Administration,  meaning  they 


STUDY  BINGE 

The  illicit  use  of  drugs  prescribed  to 

treat  attention  disorders  is  fraught  with  medical, 

legal,  and  ethical  concerns.  At  the  same  time, 

it  may  be  an  expression  of  the  human  imperative 

to  work  with  ever-greater  efficiency. 

BY     ROBERT     J.     BLIWISE 

ILLUSTRATIONS   BY   MICHAEL   MORGENSTERN 


have  a  high  potential  of  abuse  but  also  have 
a  considerable  clinical  benefit. 

That  arsenal  of  drugs,  widely  used  in  com- 
bating a  medically  recognized  disability, 
increasingly  has  become  a  thorny  issue  for 
student-life  officials  across  the  nation.  "If 
we  look  at  well-conducted  epidemiological 
studies,  there  hasn't  really  been  an  increase  in 
the  prevalence  of  ADHD,"  says  Scott  Kol- 
lins  '82,  director  of  the  ADHD  program  at 
Duke  Medical  Center  and  associate  profes- 
sor of  psychiatry.  "What's  happened,  though, 
is  that  there  certainly  has  been  an  increase 
in  people's  awareness  of  it.  The  good  conse- 
quence is  that  kids  get  referred  and  diag- 
nosed. The  bad  consequence  is  that  any  be- 
havior problem  suddenly  becomes  ADHD." 

More  awareness  of  ADHD  may  not  be  a 
bad  thing.  But  just  as  students  are  drawn  to 
a  substance — alcohol — thought  to  enhance 
social  interactions,  so  might  they  be  drawn 
to  a  substance  thought  to  enhance  academic 
performance.  And  like  drinking  excessively, 
resorting  to  study-aid  drugs  is  an  activity 
fraught  with  medical,  legal,  and  ethical  con- 
cerns, particularly  in  an  academic  setting. 


The  Duke  study  found  that  90  percent  of 
those  who  reported  using  ADHD  medica- 
tion during  the  past  six  months  without 
benefit  of  a  prescription  were  aiming  for  a 
basic  goal:  greater  success  with  their  study- 
ing. And  almost  all  the  users  felt  it  was 
effective.  Only  a  small  percentage  consid- 
ered the  experience  negative,  brushing 
aside  side  effects  like  loss  of  appetite,  diffi- 
culty in  sleeping,  and  irri- 
tability. Such  expressions  of 
satisfaction  suggest,  says  Da- 
vid Rabiner,  the  lead  author 
of  the  study,  that  for  Duke  or 
any  other  university,  mount- 
ing a  more  aggressive  cam- 
paign against  stimulants 
would  mean  fighting  stu- 
dents' inclinations  to  in- 
dulge in  an  easy  fix  for  aca- 
demic challenges — a  fix 
whose  effectiveness  is  widely 
assumed  and  whose  dangers 
aren't  well  understood. 

"Students  who  are  doing 
this  to  enhance  their  ability 
to  study  in  many  cases  are 
students  who  are  simultane- 
ously reporting  high  levels  of 
academic  concerns  and  high 
rates  of  attention  difficul- 
ties," says  Rabiner  Ph.D.  '87,  A.H.C  '87,  an 
associate  research  professor  and  director  of 
undergraduate  studies  in  the  department  of 
psychology  and  neuroscience. 

That  presents  "a  different  picture  than 
your  typical  high-achieving  Duke  kid  who 
wants  to  be  even  more  high-achieving," 
Rabiner  says.  "It  really  looks  like  many  stu- 
dents are  doing  this  not  so  much  to  en- 
hance their  efforts  but  almost  to  remediate 
deficits  that  they  perceive  themselves  as 
having.  They're  concerned  about  their  abil- 
ity to  succeed  academically.  And  it  looks 
like  they're  turning  to  this  as  a  way  to  ad- 
dress their  problems.  That's  different  from 
their  trying  to  become  super-students."  They 
may  not  be  aiming  for  super-student  status, 
but  40  percent  of  the  user  group  said  they 
felt  they  needed  ADHD  medication  to  do 
their  best  academically.  (Despite  common 
belief,  he  adds,  "There  are  very  few  students 
who  are  doing  it  regularly,  at  least  as  they 
report,  for  recreational  reasons.") 

Rabiner's  study  is  based  on  a  Web  survey 
taken  in  the  spring  of  2007  at  Duke  and  the 
University  of  North  Carolina  at  Greens- 


.dukemaganne.duke.edu 


7...   c      .5-- 


boro.  The  survey  group  was  reasonably  rep- 
resentative of  the  undergraduate  population 
of  two  schools  that  appeal  to  quite  different 
demographics.  Other  studies  have  suggested 
that  the  illicit  use  of  ADHD  medication  is 
more  common  at  colleges  and  universities 
with  tougher  admission  standards.  Rabiner's 
findings  highlight  the  fact  that  it's  more 
common  among  students  struggling  to  earn 
top  grades — and  among  students  who  are 
white,  belong  to  a  fraternity  or  sorority,  and 
engage  in  other  types  of  substance  abuse 
and  risky  behavior. 

But  whether  those  students  are  actually 
benefiting  from  consuming  drugs  presumed 
to  boost  academic  performance  is  a  ques- 
tion without  a  clear  answer,  according  to 
Rabiner.  "What  we  found  is  that  over- 
whelmingly they  think  it's  helpful.  They  feel 
it  often  helps  them  to  concentrate  or  that  it 
always  helps  for  that  purpose.  Whether  it 
makes  an  objective  difference  in  how  they 
do,  we  have  no  idea." 

Objectivity  is  hard  to  find  when 
it  comes  to  diagnosing  ADHD. 
"It  would  be  nice  if  we  could 
do  a  blood  test,  but  it's  just 
not  that  black  and  white,"  says  Student 
Health  physician  Lauren  Johnson.  She  says 
an  ADHD  diagnosis  entails  a  comprehen- 
sive evaluation,  including  a  family  history 
and  a  record  of  childhood  symptoms.  "We're 
sticklers  for  having  documentation  before 
we're  willing  to  initiate  medication  or  refill 
medication."  The  condition  "is  genetic,  it's 
biological,"  she  adds.  "It's  not  something 
that  just  showed  up  last  week." 

At  Duke  Student  Health  and  at 
other  institutions,  the  number  of 
ADHD  students  is  on  the  rise,  says 
Johnson,  both  in  the  categories  of 
students  seeking  an  initial  ADHD 
diagnosis  and  those  aiming  to  main- 
tain treatment  after  having  been 
diagnosed  before  beginning  col- 
lege. Kollins  observes  that  a  hike 
in  the  number  of  students  seeking 
a  diagnosis  is  one  thing;  an  actual 
increase  in  prevalence  would  be 
something  else.  "It  means  that  there  are 
more  people  who  have  heard  about  the  dis- 
order and/or  the  treatment.  And  they  think 
it  could  explain  the  impairments  they  are 
facing."  That  is,  students  not  succeeding  as 
they  anticipated  might  arrive  at  the  conclu- 
sion that  ADHD  issues — and  not,  say,  bad 
study  habits — are  holding  them  back.  "Or," 


According  to  a  Chronicle  editorial,  taking 

study  drugs  without  a  medical  diagnosis  and 

prescription  is  not  just  illegal,  it  is  also  "a  morally 

reprehensible  means  to  get  ahead  in  class." 


he  concedes,  "it  might  be  a  quick  way  to  get 
some  cognitive-enhancing  drugs." 

If  students  are  diverting  those  drugs  to 
their  peers,  they're  violating  the  terms  of  the 
Duke  Student  Health  "Controlled  Medi- 
cation Contract."  Among  other  terms,  the 
contract  provides  that  students  "will  not  ask 
for  or  accept"  medications  from  other  pro- 


viders while  receiving  medication 
from  Student  Health;  that  they  will 
"not  share,  sell,  or  trade"  medica- 
tions; and  that  they  understand  that 
excuses  of  running  out  early,  losing 
a  prescription,  or  spilling  medica- 
tion won't  entitle  them  to  a  pre- 
scription refill. 

Even  with  such  strict  language, 
diversion  is  hardly  uncommon.  Ac- 
cording to  Rabiner's  survey,  in  the  past  six 
months  65  percent  of  ADHD  students  at 
Duke  were  asked  by  other  students  for  their 
medication;  most  were  asked  multiple  times. 
Some  gave  or  sold  their  ADHD  medication 
to  a  peer — a  few  on  multiple  occasions — 
and  two  students  reported  having  their 
medication  stolen. 


56 


,'w.dukemaga:  ine.duke.edu 


Stimulant  Package 

Buzzed:  The  Strdight  Facts  About  the  Most  Used  and  Abused  Drugs  from  Alcohol  to  Ecstasy  has  a  lot  to  say 
about  stimulants.  The  book,  now  in  its  third  edition  (W.W.  Norton),  was  written  by  a  team  of  Duke  medical 
scientists  and  others  primarily  as  a  resource  for  teens,  college  students,  parents,  and  health  educators. 

While  they  succinctly  review  substances  like  Ritalin,  the  Buzzed  team  devotes  a  full  chapter  to  caffeine. 
Caffeine  is  a  good  example,  they  write,  of  how  a  drug  can  produce  an  effect-in  this  case,  stimulating  the 
central  nervous  system-by  "inhibiting  the  action  of  a  neurotransmitter  that  produces  an  inhibiting  effect.' 
That  is,  it  reduces  the  ability  of  a  natural  "brake"  on  neural  activity  to  do  its  job.  Among  other  effects, 
caffeine  can  increase  heart  rate,  breathing,  and  blood  pressure  and  create  dependence.  The  authors  note 
that  it  can  also  "slightly  enhance  physical  endurance  and  delay  fatigue  associated  with  vigorous  exercise 
in  some  people."  Americans  are  consuming  more  varieties  of  coffee  and  coffee  drinks  than  ever  before, 
they  write.  "It  is  estimated  that  more  than  50  percent  of  Americans  drink  coffee  every  day-as  many  as 
three  to  four  cups  each." 

The  amount  of  caffeine  in  a  cup  of  coffee  varies  tremendously  and  depends  on  the  type  of  coffee  bean, 
the  method  of  roasting,  and  the  fineness  of  grind  and  method  of  brewing.  Espresso  is  an  especially 
complex  concoction:  A  cup  of  espresso  contains  about  one  and  a  half  to  two  fluid  ounces,  much  less  than 
a  typical  cup  of  coffee.  But  espresso  contains  more  caffeine  per  fluid  ounce  than  coffee,  so  the  amounts 
of  caffeine  in  a  cup  of  coffee  and  a  cup  of  espresso  are  about  the  same. 

Energy  drinks  are  relatively  new:  Red  Bull  was  introduced  into  the  U.S.  in  1997.  But  they  have  been 
"marketed  aggressively  to  young  people  and  have  obviously  been  successful,"  the  authors  write.  One 
element  of  their  popularity  may  relate  to  how  the  drinks  are  consumed.  "Unlike  caffeinated  beverages 
that  are  hot  and  are  generally  sipped  slowly,  energy  drinks  tend  to  be  consumed  quickly,  thus  leading  to 
more  rapid  absorption  of  the  caffeine  (and  other  chemicals)  and  a  more  rapid  buzz." 

The  term  "energy  drink"  is  not  exactly  accurate,  the  authors  observe.  The  concentration  of  caffeine 
in  these  products  is  often  twice  as  high  as  in  regular  caffeinated  sodas,  though  the  serving 
sizes  are  smaller— about  eight  and  a  half  ounces,  compared  with  twelve  ounces  for  a 
regular  soda-and  most  come  in  smaller  containers. 

"Interestingly,  although  these  drinks  have  the  reputation  of  providing  a  big  caffeine 
blast,  they  actually  contain  about  the  same  concentration  of  caffeine  as  coffee-maybe 
even  a  bit  less,"  the  authors  say. 

Among  the  Buzzed  authors  are  Cynthia  Kuhn  Ph.D.  76,  professor  of  pharmacology  at 
Duke  Medical  Center;  Scott  Swartzwelder,  professor  of  psychology  and  a  clinical  profes- 
sor of  psychiatry  at  the  medical  center;  and  Wilkie  Wilson  Ph.D.  71,  professor  of  phar- 
macology at  the  medical  center. 

-Robert!  Bitwise 


V    1  JUST  SAY  KNOW  1   ^ 

A  FULLY  REVISED  AND  UPDATED  THIRD  EDITION  £ 

buzzed 

The  Straight  Facts  About  the  Most 

Used  and  Abused  Drugs 

%  ijp-  from  Alcohol  to  Ecstasy  -  * 

(A  tf  Cynthia  Kuhn,  PhD,  Sc 


I 


<b: 


••«' 


Sarah,  a  2008  Duke  graduate,  who  was 
diagnosed  with  an  attention  disorder  in  her 
junior  year,  can  identify  with  many  of  those 
scenarios — including  the  sense  that  she  was 
lagging  behind  her  peers  in  a  high-pressure 
Duke  environment.  "In  contrast  to  high 
school,  getting  good  grades  at  Duke  re- 
quired a  more  complete  understanding  of 
the  material,  not  only  memorization,"  she 
says.  "I  had  no  clue  how  to  manage  my  time.  I 
would  spend  the  majority  of  my  time  sitting 
in  front  of  books,  but  daydreaming  or  think- 
ing about  other  things.  I  would  also  spend  ex- 
cessive amounts  of  time  making  to-do  lists 
or  trying  to  catch  up  and  get  organized." 

Sarah  (not  her  real  name)  takes  Adderall 
almost  daily.  It's  useful  for  her,  she  says,  be- 
cause it  allows  her  to  exist  in  a  distraction- 


free  zone.  Now  and  again,  she  notes,  she  needs 
to  get  off  the  Adderall  to  escape  the  zone 
and  to  follow  a  more  easygoing  routine. 

To  college  students,  for  whom  odd  sleep- 
ing and  eating  habits  are  the  norm,  the  side 
effects  are  no  big  deal,  Sarah  says.  And  illic- 
it pill-popping  is  no  big  deal  either.  "You'll 
hear  people  say,  'I  have  a  huge  paper  due 
tomorrow.  This  is  going  to  be  an  Adderall 
night.'  People  don't  feel  guilty  about  it.  It's 
not  hidden."  Sarah  says  that  as  a  student, 
she  was  "asked  a  lot"  to  give  out  some  of  her 
Adderall;  she  was  offered  $15  for  just  one 
pill.  She  says  she's  refused  the  offers  but 
jokes,  "I  could  have  made  a  lot  of  money." 

The  drugs  prescribed  for  a  diagnosed 
ADHD  condition,  counterintuitively,  help 
slow  down  hyperactive  individuals.  In  ADHD 


brains,  says  Kollins,  dopamine  function  is 
abnormally  inactive.  Dopamine  largely  con- 
trols someone's  ability  to  inhibit  responses; 
the  lack  of  that  ability  translates  into  im- 
pulsivity,  hyperactivity,  and  inattention.  For 
ADHD  individuals,  at  least  in  theory,  ele- 
vating levels  of  dopamine  "normalizes"  at- 
tention and  inhibitory  control.  So,  far  from 
replicating  the  caffeine  buzz  of  coffee  or  an 
energy  drink  like  Red  Bull,  ADHD  medica- 
tion places  the  ADHD  individual  in  a  zone 
where  he  or  she  is  calmer  and  more  focused. 
The  main  differences  among  the  various 
medications  hinge  on  whether  they  are  based 
on  amphetamine  or  methylphenidate.  Ac- 
cording to  Kollins,  these  compounds  oper- 
ate slightly  differently  on  the  brain.  Am- 
phetamine is  more  potent,  so  physicians 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     March-April  2009 


57 


prescribe  more  controlled  doses.  There's  no 
evidence  that  any  one  compound  works 
better  than  another  for  treating  ADHD.  A 
number  of  the  stimulants  are  designed  for 
slow  release,  with  the  effects  lasting  six  to 
twelve  hours.  Others  are  in  and  out  of  the 
body's  system  in  three  or  four  hours. 

There's  a  lot  of  debate  around  the  ques- 
tion of  whether  the  drugs  work  in  the  same 
way  for  those  with  and  without  ADHD, 
Kollins  says.  Either  population,  though,  will 
see  side  effects.  "If  you  take  a  reasonable 
dose  of  an  amphetamine  or  meth- 
amphetamine  product,  you  are  go- 
ing to  be  able  to  stay  awake  longer; 
in  fact,  it  might  impair  your  sleep. 
It's  going  to  decrease  your  appe- 
tite. If  you  reach  a  certain  point 
with  a  dose,  it  is  going  to  make  you 
jittery.  You  are  going  to  get  a  bump 
in  your  heart  rate  and  your  blood 
pressure.  The  magnitude  of  the 
change  is  going  to  depend  on  how 
much  you  take  and  exactly  what 
product  you  take." 

Beyond  concerns  over  side  effects,  there's 
reason  to  doubt,  according  to  Rabiner, 
whether  ADHD  students  find  their  medica- 
tions helpful  in  terms  of  the  ultimate  aim — 
success  in  college.  In  another  Web  survey, 
still  unpublished,  he  and  his  colleagues 
found  that  while  "most  students  with 
ADHD  appeared  to  be  making  satisfactory 
adjustments  in  college,"  they  also  reported 
having  "lower  GPAs,  heightened  concerns 
about  academic  performance,  and  . . .  more 
depressive  symptoms,  social  concerns,  emo- 
tional instability,  and  substance  use." 

The  medications  probably  do  improve 
attention  and  reduce  impulsivity  in  chil- 
dren and  adults  with  ADHD,  Rabiner  says. 
And  they  probably  promote  short-term 
gains  in  children's  academic  performance — 
the  basis  on  which  they  are  prescribed. 
"What  has  been  harder  to  document  at  the 
group  level  is  that  this  treatment  leads  to 
improvements  in  meaningful  real-world  out- 
comes. As  a  crude  analogy,  it  is  sort  of  like 
studies  showing  that  certain  medications 
may  reduce  blood  pressure  but  have  no  im- 
pact ultimately  on  mortality  rates." 

Rabiner's  earlier  survey  shows  that  a  lot  of 
students  who  use  ADHD  drugs  illicitly  are 
also  drawn  to  other  substances:  24  percent 
reported  using  cocaine  and  67  percent,  mar- 
ijuana. Problem  drinking,  too,  is  linked  with 
the  use  of  the  drugs. 

"The  feeling  is  that  if  you  take  Adderall, 


you  can  stay  up  longer  and  you  are  not  going 
to  pass  out  when  you  are  out  drinking,"  says 
Kollins.  "Well,  that  may  be  a  perceived  ben- 
efit, but  then  we  get  mentions  of  Adderall 
being  in  somebody's  system  when  they  show 
up  with  alcohol  poisoning  at  the  emergency 
room."  Officials  involved  with  student  health 
worry  that  the  illicit  use  of  ADHD  drugs 
can  mask  other  problems,  including  depres- 
sion, sleep  disorders,  and  drinking  to  excess, 
that  should  be  addressed  in  other,  more 
medically  sensible,  ways. 


"Human  beings  have  been  enhancing 

their  capacities  from  time  immemorial. 

You  can  think  of  literacy  and  numeracy  as 

fantastic  cognitive  enhancements." 


M 


using  about  the  case  of 
Andrew  and  his  chemis- 
try preparations,  Kollins 
says,  "If  it's  freshman  chem- 
istry, it's  probably  lots  and  lots  of  rote  mem- 
orizing of  formulas.  And  so  there  probably  is 
a  chance  that  he  was  able  to,  on  a  short  term, 
study,  stay  up  longer,  stay  focused  longer, 
maybe  get  a  better  score  on  the  test.  But  when 
he  gets  to  organic  chemistry  next  semester, 
how  much  of  that  learning  is  going  to  stick? 
That's  what  we  don't  know." 

The  Chronicle  thinks  it  knows  enough  to 
dislike  the  pill-popping  practice.  In  January, 
the  student  newspaper  adopted  a  rare  scold- 
ing tone  in  an  editorial  aimed  at  students 
like  Andrew.  According  to  the  editorial, 
"Say  No  to  Study  Drugs,"  taking  ADHD 
medication  without  a  medical  diagnosis  and 
prescription  is  not  just  illegal,  it  is  also  "a 
morally  reprehensible  means  to  get  ahead 
in  class,"  "exacerbates  the  real  academic 
pressures  that  exist  in  any  competitive  uni- 
versity," and  "replaces  a  culture  of  learning 
with  an  environment  in  which  getting  the 
task  done  in  as  little  time  as  possible  is  the 
only  focus."  The  editorial  declares  that  abuse 
of  ADHD  medication  should  be  considered 
akin  to  "plagiarism,  cheating,  and  lying." 

A  more  nuanced  view  was  expressed  a  few 
weeks  earlier  in  a  Nature  commentary  by 
Henry  Greely  of  Stanford  Law  School  and 
Barbara  Sahakian  of  the  University  of  Cam- 
bridge. Students  who  illicitly  take  Ritalin, 


Adderall,  and  Concerta  are  "early  adopters 
of  a  trend  that  is  likely  to  grow,"  write  the 
authors.  Such  drugs,  they  add,  "along  with 
newer  technologies  such  as  brain  stimula- 
tion and  prosthetic  brain  chips,  should  be 
viewed  in  the  same  general  category  as  edu- 
cation, good  health  habits,  and  information 
technology — ways  that  our  uniquely  inno- 
vative species  tries  to  improve  itself." 

They  call  for  more  research  in  areas  like 
the  precise  effects  of  the  drugs  and  the  risk 
of  dependence:  Are  users  getting  merely 
transient,  short-term  boosts,  or  do 
the  drugs  promise  long-lasting  sig- 
nificant changes  in  the  ability  to 
learn?  Lacking  research  findings  that 
place  cognitive-enhancing  drugs  in 
a  danger  zone,  they  argue  that  the 
drugs  "seem  morally  equivalent  to 
other,  more  familiar,  enhancements." 
"Human  beings  have  been  enhanc- 
ing their  capacities  from  time  imme- 
morial," says  Allen  Buchanan,  James 
B.  Duke  Professor  of  philosophy  and 
public  policy.  "You  can  think  of  literacy  and 
numeracy  as  fantastic  cognitive  enhance- 
ments; computers  are  fantastic  cognitive  en- 
hancements. And  the  most  popular  cogni- 
tive-enhancement drug  so  far  is  caffeine. 
Nicotine  is  also  a  cognitive-enhancement 
drug;  it's  just  that  it  has  very  bad  side  effects." 
There's  not  a  clear  boundary  between  one 
form  of  enhancement  and  another,  or  be- 
tween treatment  of  a  disease  and  enhance- 
ment of  a  normal  person's  capacities,  Bu- 
chanan says. 

"You  might  take  Adderall  in  the  hope 
that  you'll  do  better  than  someone  else  and 
end  up  in  the  highest  percentile  of  scoring 
on  the  test.  But  perhaps  I'm  a  researcher 
working  on  a  cure  for  cancer,  and  I  want  to 
be  able  to  assimilate  vast  amounts  of  litera- 
ture and  then  integrate  it  into  my  research." 
What  if  he  took  Adderall  to  enhance  his 
assimilating  ability  on  such  a  consequential 
project?  That  might  produce  an  individual 
benefit  beyond  the  realm  of  competition, 
says  Buchanan.  It  might  also  produce  a  ben- 
efit for  society. 

"There's  some  evidence  that  some  of  the 
cognitive-enhancement  drugs  that  are  now 
being  used  are  most  effective  for  people  at 
the  lowest  end  of  the  cognitive-perform- 
ance range,"  Buchanan  says.  "That's  actual- 
ly sort  of  good  news,  because  it  means  that 
these  drugs  could  be  used  to  help  level  the 
playing  field."  A  good  analogy,  he  says,  is 
the  use  of  calculators  in  providing  a  per- 


58 


www.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


formance  boost  for  those  who  are  mathe- 
matically challenged. 

"You  could  imagine  a  situation  where 
fifty  years  from  now,  100  years  from  now, 
there's  a  wide  range  of  enhancements  that 
lots  of  people  are  using:  enhancements  to 
their  immune  system,  so  they're  not  as  prone 
to  the  common  cold;  mood  enhancements, 
so  fewer  people  suffer  from  depression;  sleep 
enhancements,  so  they  can  sleep  fewer  hours 
and  get  as  much  out  of  it  psychologically 
and  physically;  and  cognitive  enhancements, 
so  they  have  better  memories  and  better 
mental  acuity.  And  if  using  all  these  things 
becomes  the  norm,  then  in  the  extreme  case, 
you  can  imagine  that  a  person  who  didn't 
use  them  would  be  regarded  as  disabled. 
That  is,  they  wouldn't  be  able  to  function  in 
the  dominant  cooperative  scheme.  They 


would  look  like  people  who  just  aren't  up  to 
being  productive  members  of  society." 

The  lesson  from  older  drugs  like  Prozac, 
says  Buchanan,  is  that  "enhancements  aren't 
generally  going  to  come  through  the  door 
with  'enhancement'  stamped  on  them.  They 
are  going  to  come  through  the  back  door  as 
treatments  of  diseases  first.  Prozac  was  used 
to  treat  clinical  depression;  it  was  consid- 
ered a  disease  condition.  And  then  there 
was  pressure  from  people  who  weren't  clini- 
cally depressed  but  who  just  wanted  to  feel  a 
little  better.  And  that's  what's  happening 
with  cognitive-enhancement  drugs.  First 
they  were  developed  for  narcolepsy  or  for 
treating  symptoms  of  Alzheimer's  dementia 
or  for  attention-deficit  disorder,  defined 
pretty  narrowly  and  rigorously." 

It  would  be  more  sensible  to  bring  en- 


hancement drugs  more  out  in  the  open  in- 
stead of  relegating  them  to  "the  back  door 
of  treatment,"  Buchanan  says.  That  would 
allow  better  research  into  the  drugs'  effects 
on  normal  people,  and  from  there  the  de- 
veloping of  safety  standards.  "It's  a  little  like 
the  people  who  just  say  no  to  globalization. 
It's  not  going  to  happen.  People  are  going  to 
use  these  things  if  they  have  some  reason- 
able prospect  of  safely  increasing  their  cog- 
nitive capacity." 

His  generation,  Buchanan  says,  is  going 
to  have  a  lot  of  body  parts  replaced,  from 
heart  valves  to  every  joint  imaginable.  "We've 
already  enhanced  ourselves  in  ways  that 
make  us  live  longer.  But  one  consequence 
of  that  is  that  we  may  have,  as  it  were,  en- 
hancement gaps.  We're  living  longer  physi- 
cally, but  parts  of  our  brains  aren't  able  to 
keep  up.  We  may  need  enhancements  of  the 
brain,  just  to  take  advantage  of  this  increase 
in  longevity  and  to  avoid  a  social  disaster, 
like  the  bankrupting  of  the  Social  Security 
system  and  the  health-care  system." 

There  are  bound  to  be  risks  with  the 
magic  bullet  or  the  quick  fix,  Bu- 
chanan says.  But  the  demand  is  out 
there  and,  as  he  puts  it,  "it's  going  to 
be  satisfied,  one  way  or  another."  He  men- 
tions the  laser  surgery  he  had  to  sharpen  his 
eyesight.  "I  had  an  enhancement  when  I  had 
Lasik  surgery.  I  had  my  vision  improved  a 
little  bit  better  than  normal."  No  one  is 
accusing  him  of  seizing  an  unfair  advantage 
because  he's  improved  his  ability  to  con- 
sume information.  Though,  of  course,  he's 
done  just  that. 

Are  laser  surgery  and  pill-popping  just 
two  sides  of  a  many-sided,  and  open-ended, 
quest  for  enhancement?  Society,  Buchanan 
acknowledges,  isn't  yet  comfortable  with 
the  concept.  The  Chronicle  reflected  that  re- 
sistance in  its  critical  editorial,  which  asked: 
"For  the  rest  of  your  life,  will  you  reach  for  a 
pill  before  every  major  assignment?" 

Andrew,  the  freshman,  wonders  about  the 
question  posed  by  the  Chronicle  editorial  as 
well.  He  hopes  to  be  a  surgeon  someday. 
And  if  he  succeeds  in  that  career  ambition, 
he'll  be  cutting  out  drug-based  study  aids, 
he  says.  He  imagines  himself  preparing  for  a 
delicate  procedure:  "I  wouldn't  want  to  be 
under  the  influence  of  anything."  ■ 


More  on  illicit  prescription  drug  use  by  students: 
www.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     March-April  2009 


Books 


A  Persistent  Peace:  One  Man's  Struggle  for  a  Nonviolent  World 

By  John  Dear  '81.  Loyola  Press,  2008.  437  pages.  $22.95. 


During  my  final  semester  at  Duke,  I 
took  a  fascinating  course  on  Roman 
Catholicism.  Our  instructor,  Bill 
Cavanaugh  Ph.D.  '96,  now  a  noted 
scholar  at  the  University  of  St.  Thomas,  an- 
nounced a  guest  speaker  one  afternoon.  In- 
to the  room  bounded  a  boyish-faced  Jesuit 
priest  with  a  big  mop  of  hair  and  even 
greater  enthusiasm.  He'd  been  a  wild  party 
guy  at  Duke,  had  undergone  a  stunning 
conversion,  and  at  that  point  he'd  been  out 
of  prison  for  less  than  a  year  for  his  role  in  a 
peace  protest  at  a  U.S.  Air  Force  base.  His 
name  was  John  Dear — and  you  knew  right 
away  he  never  did  things  halfway. 

All  these  years  later,  Dear's  provocative 
and  inspiring  autobiography,  a  record  of  his 
"experiments  in  the  truth  of  nonviolence," 
reminds  us  his  life  is  as  outsized  as  ever.  He 
doesn't  just  make  average  friends;  Mother 
Teresa,  Archbishop  Desmond  Tutu,  and  ac- 
tor Martin  Sheen  have  been  among  his 
confidants.  He  doesn't  just  dabble  in  pro- 
tests on  behalf  of  peace  and  nonviolence; 
he's  been  arrested  during  them  more  than 
seventy-five  times.  He  doesn't  just  chroni- 
cle his  thoughts  occasion- 
ally; he's  the  author  and 
editor  of  more  than  twen- 
ty books.  And  most  of  all, 
John  Dear  remains  abso- 
lutely fierce  in  his  Cath- 
olic faith. 

Dear  devotes  two  color- 
ful chapters  in  A  Persistent 
Peace  to  his  undergradu- 
ate years  at  Duke,  when  he 
began  his  unlikely  trans- 
formation from  a  "spoiled, 
wealthy  frat  boy"  into  a 
relentless  spiritual  seeker. 
Dear  recounts  how  volun- 
teering at  a  local  mental  institution — 
gain  extra  credit  for  a  psychology  class 


In  more  than  twenty-five 
years  of  protests,  focusing 
especially  on  the  evils  of 
nuclear  weapons,  Dear  has 
battled-and  infuriated — 
bureaucrats,  military  brass, 
and  even  fellow  Jesuits, 
who  once  nearly  kicked  him 
out  of  their  order. 


tered — revolted  and  grieved  me,"  he  writes. 
By  the  time  he  graduated  from  Duke,  Dear 
had  a  goal  that  shocked  his  friends  and  fam- 
ily: joining  the  Catholic  Church's  elite 
Jesuit  order. 

Determined  to  live  in  solidarity  with  the 
poor  and  forgotten,  Dear  embarked  on  a  ca- 
reer of  priestly  service  that  has  included 
stints  in  war-torn  El  Salvador,  inner-city 
Washington,  and  the  deserts  of  New  Mex- 
ico. Dear  always  keeps  his  eye  on  his  con- 
cept of  the  devil — those  systems  of  violence 
that  are  backed  by  big  money,  nurtured  by 
mindless  patriotism,  and  perpetuated  by 
power-hungry  governments.  In  more  than 
twenty-five  years  of  protests,  focusing  espe- 
cially on  the  evils  of  nuclear  weapons,  Dear 
has  battled — and  infuriated — bureaucrats, 
military  brass,  and  even  fellow  Jesuits,  who 
once  nearly  kicked  him  out  of  their  order. 

A  Persistent  Peace  unfolds  on  one  level 
like  an  epic  adventure,  with  virtually -every 
chapter  describing  some  new  and  spectacu- 
lar confrontation  with  the  powers  that  be. 
There's  Dear  blocking  an  entrance  to  the 
Pentagon  as  he  urges  employees  to  work 
instead  for  peace.  There's 
Dear  in  a  canoe,  interrup- 
ting the  dedication  of  a 
nuclear  submarine  in  front 
of  astonished  onlookers. 
There's  Dear  in  December 
1993,  sneaking  onto  Sey- 
mour Johnson  Air  Force 
Base  in  North  Carolina  and 
symbolically  pounding  a 
hammer  on  an  F- 1 8  bomber 
— and  landing  in  prison  for 
more  than  half  a  year. 

Beneath  the  veneer  of 
drama,  however,  another 
story  unfolds:  that  of  Dear's 
interior  journey  ot  faith.  While  Dear  de- 
scribes his  public  battles  in  righteous  tones 


PEACE 


ONE  MAN'S  STRUGGLE  FOR  A  NONVIOLENT) 


unexpectedly  opened  his  eyes  to  a  world  of  reminiscent  of  John  the  Baptist,  he  explores 

terrible  suffering  and  tore  the  curtain  off  his  his  own  shortcomings  with  disarming  hon- 

insular  fraternity  world.  "Suddenly  all  of  it  esty  and  humor.  His  reaction,  for  example, 

— the  whole  way  we  lived  as  if  nothing  mat-  when  a  wise  nun  sought  to  elevate  his 


prayer  life:  "I  tried  to  explain  to  her  my  high 
level  of  prayer:  thirty  minutes  every  morn- 
ing for  going  on  ten  years.  It  was  special,  I 
assured  her.  Every  day,  I  told  God  in  no 
uncertain  terms  how  to  get  the  world  in 
order."  Dear  recalls  lecturing  colleagues, 
including  legendary  Jesuit  priest  and  ac- 
tivist Daniel  Berrigan,  on  invigorating  the 
peace  movement.  "The  more  I  talked,  the 
more  their  eyes  glazed  over.  After  a  long 
pause,  Dan  stepped  in  with  a  smile.  'I  just 
think  we  need  to  unleash  the  contempla- 
tive springs  within.'  "  Dear  lets  us  see  his 
progress,  warts  and  all,  as  his  faith  matures, 
and  this  whirling  dervish  of  a  man  becomes 
more  approachable  in  the  process. 

Don't  expect  to  agree  with  everything 
Dear  says  in  A  Persistent  Peace.  Don't  expect 
to  agree  with  half  of  it.  His  unyielding  cri- 
tique of  America's  government  and  mili- 
tary— and  most  everyone  associated  with 
them — has  made  a  lot  of  Christians  mad. 
They  believe  they're  fighting  for  democracy 
and  freedom.  Dear  believes  they're  badly 
compromising  their  faith.  It's  not  surprising 
he's  always  in  hot  water  with  someone.  And 
yet  it's  easy  to  imagine  Jesus  himself  acting 
exactly  as  Dear  has  done  for  the  past  twen- 
ty-five years.  If  you're  struggling  with  your 
faith,  you  need  to  read  this  book.  If  you're 
comfortable  with  your  faith,  you  need  to 
read  it  even  more. 

— Stephen  Martin 

Martin  '95  has  written  for  America, 
Commonweal,  and  U.S.  News  6k  World 
Report.  He  lives  in  Greensboro. 


www.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


Enemy  of  the  State:  The  Trial  and  Execution  of  Saddam  Hussein 

B}  Michael  A.  Newton  and  Michael  P.  Scharf  '85,  ].D,  '88.  St.  Martins  Press,  2008.  305  pages.  $27. 


MICHAEL  A.  NEWTON  ,«  MICHAEL  P.  SCHARF 

ENEMY 

OF  THE 

STATE 


THE  TRIAL  AND 
EXECUTION  OF 
SADDAM  HUSSEIN 


At  6:10  a.m.  on  December  30,  2006, 
Saddam  Hussein  fell  through  a  trap- 
door in  a  gallows  at  the  old  military 
intelligence  headquarters  building  in 
Baghdad.  He  died  instantly.  An  unautho- 
rized cell-phone  video  of  his  execution, 
which  included  the  voices  of  guards  taunt- 
ing and  cursing  the  former  leader  just  before 
he  died,  was  soon  aired  on  television  net- 
works throughout  the  world.  To  many  who 
watched  the  spectacle,  Saddam's  undigni- 
fied death  on  that  cold  morning  culminated 
a  "sham"  trial  process  with  one  predeter- 
mined result.  To  others,  the  trial  was  fair 
and  the  verdict  just.  But  was  it,  and  will  his- 
tory judge  it  a  success?  Enemy  of  the  State: 
The  Trial  and  Execution  of  Saddam  Hussein 
helps  provide  the  answers. 

Michael  Newton  and  Michael  Scharf, 
law  professors  with  extensive  backgrounds 
in  international  criminal  law,  were  heavily 
involved  in  training  the  judges  who  heard 
the  case  of  Saddam  and  other  defendants 
charged  with  atrocities  against  the  Iraqi 
people.  Newton  gave  assistance  throughout 
the  proceeding  as  well.  From  their  unique 
perspective,  they  provide  a  glimpse  of  the 


debate  surrounding  the  creation  of  the  Iraqi 
High  Tribunal,  a  debate  that  started  long 
before  Saddam  was  even  captured.  Some 
argued  that  he  should  be  prosecuted  for  his 
crimes  before  a  purely  international  tribu- 
nal under  the  authority  of  the  United  Na- 
tions, such  as  the  tribunal  at  The  Hague 
that  tried  Slobodan  Milosevic.  Another  view 
was  that  Saddam  should  face  justice  in  an 
Iraqi  national  court  composed  of  Iraqi  jurists 
with  no  international  control  involved. 

In  the  end,  the  Iraqi  High  Tribunal  be- 
came a  so-called  "internationalized  domes- 
tic tribunal."  Its  rules  of  procedure  were 
modeled  on  international  war-crimes  tribu- 
nals, but  all  the  judges  were  Iraqi,  it  held  its 
hearings  in  Baghdad,  and  it  had  jurisdiction 
over  select  crimes  from  the  Iraqi  criminal  code 
as  well  as  internationally  recognized  crimes. 

The  authors  chronicle  the  first  of  several 
scheduled  trials,  one  involving  charges  against 
the  former  president  and  those  against 
seven  other  defendants  relating  to  the  2004 
execution  of  148  townspeople  from  Dujail 
and  the  destruction  of  fields  and  orchards 
surrounding  that  town.  Because  Saddam  was 
convicted  and  executed  so 
quickly  after  this  first  trial 
ended,  he  was  not  in- 
volved in  any  of  the  oth- 
ers. This  book  is  therefore 
limited  to  an  extremely  de- 
tailed account  of  the  thir- 
ty-eight courtroom  days  in 
the  Dujail  trial,  which  ac- 


The  authors  were  heavily 
involved  in  training  the 
judges  who  heard  the  case 
of  Saddam  and  other  defen- 
dants charged  with  atrocities 


tuaiiy  spanned  a  period  of  against  the  Iraqi  people 

some  thirteen  months. 

Besides  the  evidence 
presented,  Newton  and  Scharf  set  forth  the 
myriad  problems  that  occurred  during  the 
trial,  including  the  assassination  of  three  of 
the  defense  counsel  involved  in  the  case,  the 
resignation  of  the  presiding  judge,  the  boy- 
cott by  the  defense  team,  and  the  disruptive 
courtroom  conduct  of  the  defendants.  These 
incidents,  coupled  with  the  undignified  ex- 
ecution of  Saddam,  make  it  difficult  to  ac- 
curately assess  whether  the  trial  achieved  its 


purpose.  The  authors  suggest  that  it  did,  al- 
though because  ot  their  personal  involvement 
in  the  pretrial  process  and  assistance  given 
during  trial,  they  acknowledge  a  possible 
bias  in  their  conclusion.  Ultimately,  the  read- 
er is  left  to  make  his  or  her  own  assessment. 
Newton  and  Scharf  highlight  one  of  the 
most  interesting  aspects  of  the  Dujail  case, 
involving  capital  charges  against  one  of  the 
defendants,  Awad  al-Bandar,  former  chief 
judge  of  Saddam's  Iraqi  Revolutionary  Court. 
He  conducted  a  trial  of  the  148  Dujail 
townspeople  who  had  been  interrogated 
and  detained;  and  his  written  verdict  stated, 
falsely,  that  all  the  defendants  had  appeared 
in  court,  were  represented  by  counsel,  and 
had  confessed  to  an  assassination  attempt 
against  Saddam.  Awad  al-Bandar's  verdict 
then  sentenced  all  148  to  death  by  hanging, 
and  that  sentence  was  carried  out.  The 
charges  against  him  before  the  Iraqi  High 
Tribunal  were  that  the  Revolutionary  Court 
trial  over  which  he  presided  was,  in  reality, 
a  sham  that  perverted  the  law  and  that  was 
used  as  a  weapon  against  political  enemies 
of  the  regime.  Therefore,  he  could  be  held 
criminally  responsible  as 
an  accomplice  to  a  crime 
against  humanity.  His  con- 
viction of  the  charges  and 
death  sentence  were  the 
first  since  the  World  War 
II  Nuremberg  tribunal  in 
which  a  judge  was  held  crim- 
inally liable  for  using  his 
court  as  a  political  weapon. 
Enemy  of  the  State  is  a 
good  and  easy  read  for 
lawyers  and  laypeople  alike.  Its  pages  pro- 
vide a  detailed  and  accurate  historical 
record  of  one  of  the  most  controversial 
criminal  tribunals  of  our  time.  In  doing  so, 
it  is  a  most  valuable  resource. 

— Scott  SiUiman 


Silliman  is  a  professor  of  the  practice  of  law  at 
Duke  Law  School  and  executive  director  of  Duke's 
Center  on  Law,  Ethics,  and  National  Security. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     March-April  2009 


61 


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Top  ten  reasons 


r  library: 


1.  Community. 


collaborative 
il  of  Duke  are 
^re  in  the  library 
than  anywhere  else  on  campus. 


library.duke.edu/support/ 


www.dukealumni.com 


Duke  University  Archives 


Alumni  Register 


Good  news  for  bibliophiles:  In  the  fall  of  1964,  returning  students  discovered 
that  the  Gothic  Bookshop  had  relocated  to  larger  quarters  in  the  Flowers  Building. 
The  new  space  more  than  doubled  the  size  of  the  previous  shop  and  boasted  the 
added  amenities  of  air  conditioning  and  carpeting. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     March-April  2009 


Alumni  Register 


On  the  Road  with  the  Duke  Idea 

It  was  late  November  and  typically  cold 
in  Boston,  hut  the  setting  inside  the 
conference  and  reception  center  looked 
warmly  familiar  to  most  members  of  the 
audience — Duke  alumni,  parents,  and  friends. 
The  backdrop  had  been  carefully  arranged 
to  suggest  the  office  of  President  Richard  H. 
Brodhead,  complete  with  Gothic  windows 
and  West  Campus  architecture  projected 
beyond  them,  a  coffee  table,  two  armchairs, 
and  some  paintings.  (While  the  paintings 
weren't  particularly  familiar,  Brodhead  joked 
that  he'd  be  happy  to  take  them  back  to  his 
authentic  office.) 

The  Boston  event,  the  debut  of  the  Duke 
Idea — a  presidential  update  followed  by  a 
conversation  between  Brodhead  and  another 
speaker — drew  more  than  230  attendees. 
Sterly  L.  Wilder  '83,  executive  director  of 
alumni  affairs,  introduced  the  event  as  an 
effort  to  "bring  the  intellectual  excitement 
of  Duke  directly  to  you." 

In  his  remarks,  Brodhead  made  note  of 
"a  world  full  of  uncertainty"  owing  to  wide- 
spread economic  distress,  but  observed  that 
in  many  ways  "it  was  a  particularly  fabulous 
fall  on  the  Duke  campus."  He  talked  about 
the  successful  completion  of  the  Financial 
Aid  Initiative,  the  Nasher  Museum's  ac- 
claimed exhibition  of  Spanish  art,  a  variety 
of  ways  in  which  students  have  been  "tak- 
ing the  whole  of  their  education  and  put- 
ting it  to  work  in  the  world,"  and  the  im- 
proved fortunes  of  football.  (On  his  way  to 


The  Duke  Idea 

Date             City 

2008-09  Schedule 

Speaker 

November  1 

Boston 
Dallas 

Ft.  Lauderdale 
New  York 

San  Francisco 
Seattle 
Nashville 
Chicago 

Blair  Sheppard,  dean  of  Fuqua  School  of  Business  and  founder  and  chair  of 
Duke  Corporate  Education 

January  22 

Sandy  Williams  M.D.  74,  senior  vice  chancellor  for  academic  affairs  at 
Duke  medical  school  and  senior  adviser  for  international  strategy 

February  12 

Victor  Dzau,  chancellor  for  health  affairs  and  president  and  CEO  of 
Duke  University  Health  System 

March  5 

Judy  Woodruff  '68,  Hon.  '98,  senior  correspondent,  the  NewsHour  with  Jim  Lehrer, 
and  John  Harwood  78,  chief  Washington  correspondent,  CNBC,  and  political  reporter, 
The  New  York  Times 

Aprill 

Michael  Merson,  director  of  the  Duke  Global  Health  Institute  and  Wolfgang 
Joklik  Professor  of  global  health 

April  2 

Michael  Merson,  director  of  the  Duke  Global  Health  Institute  and  Wolfgang 
Joklik  Professor  of  global  health 

April  28 

Greg  Jones  M.Div.  '85,  Ph.D.  '88,  dean  of  Duke  Divinity  School  and 
professor  of  theology 

May  20 

David  Levi,  dean  of  Duke  School  of  Law 

the  home  game  against  North  Carolina  State 
University,  he  said,  he  was  approached  by  a 
scalper  who  tried  to  sell  him  a  ticket.) 

"This  is  a  time  when  the  nature  of  the 
world  is  changing,"  Brodhead  told  the  crowd. 
Higher  education  "needs  to  track  and  lead 
those  changes,"  he  said.  "So  Duke  needs  to 
keep  advancing." 

Brodhead  then  brought  on  Blair  Sheppard, 
dean  of  the  Fuqua  School  of  Business  and 


founder  and  chair  of  Duke  Corporate  Educa- 
tion. Sheppard  was  the  force  behind  Duke's 
M.B.A. -Global  Executive  program  in  1996 
and  was  instrumental  in  shaping  the  school's 
global  strategy. 

Over  seven  years  under  his  leadership, 
Duke  CE  grew  from  one  office  with  thirty- 
nine  employees  and  $12  million  in  revenue 
to  five  offices  on  three  continents,  with  140 
employees  and  $56  million  in  revenue. 


GO  BEYOND  THE  PRI 


Get  links  to  online  content  related  to  Register  stories:  www.dukemagazine.cluke.edu/resources. 


64  www.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


Old  Friends  Together  Again 


Reunions  in  January?  For  the  Class  of  2010,  a  lively  "Back  Together  Again"  party  at  the  start  of  spring 
semester  may  not  have  had  the  historical  resonance  of  the  Duke  Alumni  Association's  (DAA)  annual 
spring  Reunions  Weekend,  but  it  provided  a  perfect  opportunity  for  juniors  to  reconnect.  Last  fall, 
more  than  30  percent  of  the  class  took  advantage  of  study-abroad  opportunities  around  the  world, 
making  the  celebration  the  first  time  many  had  seen  each  other  since  the  spring  of  their  sophomore  year. 

Now  in  its  fourth  year,  the  annual  event  is  cosponsored  by  the  DAA  and  the  Annual  Fund.  This  year's  event 
was  held  in  the  Bryan  Center,  and  featured  a  slide  show  of  more  than  200  pictures  submitted  by  students  from 
their  travels,  as  well  as  photos  from  campus  events  that  took  place  while  they  were  away.  Organizers  handed 
out  more  than  400  internationally  themed  T-shirts— but  quickly  lost  count  of  the  number  of  exuberant  qreat-to- 
see-you-again!h>gs. 


Reunited:  Maria  Laura  Valdes,  left,  and  Sydney  Paige  Thomas,  with  multilingual  T-shirts. 

Much  of  the  conversation  at  the  Boston  pard  said  the  curriculum,  in  the  past,  has  de- 
event  centered  on  the  current  financial  cri-  emphasized  "basic  principles  of  risk  man- 
sis  and  the  lessons  it  provides  for  the  appro-  agement"  and  overemphasized  shareholder 
priate  education  of  business  leaders.  Shep-  value.  With  the  traditional  model,  business 


education  has  been  parochial  in  its  con- 
cerns, disconnected  from  other  parts  of  the 
university,  and  resistant  to  interdisciplinary 
perspectives,  he  said.  "The  world  just  does- 
n't allow  that"  any  longer,  he  added. 

Fuqua's  emerging  model  is  built  around 
the  need  to  create  nimble  leaders  with  ex- 
pertise and  a  broad  skill  set,  he  said,  along 
with  "the  need  to  be  embedded  and  con- 
nected in  places  of  the  world  that  are  shap- 
ing the  future." 

Following  the  Boston  launch,  different 
iterations  of  the  Duke  Idea  will  be  held  in 
cities  with  large  concentrations  of  alumni. 
University  officials  say  this  is  a  new  twist  on 
presidential  events  that  have  taken  various 
forms  over  the  past  fifteen  years  in  the  U.S., 
Europe,  and  Asia — cocktail  receptions,  meal- 
time discussions,  single-speaker  events  spot- 
lighting the  president,  and  educational  events 
with  multiple  speakers.  The  Duke  Idea  model 
consists  of  a  dinner  reception;  the  program, 
featuring  remarks  from  the  president  and 
then  a  dialogue  with  another  prominent 
Duke  administrator;  and  dessert  and  coffee. 

Over  the  course  of  the  spring  semester, 
the  Duke  Idea  will  travel  to  Dallas,  South 
Florida,  New  York,  San  Francisco,  Seattle, 
Nashville,  and  Chicago.  An  event  in  Lon- 
don in  June  is  under  consideration. 

Brodhead's  conversation  partners  are  Vic- 
tor Dzau,  chancellor  for  health  affairs;  John 
Harwood  78  of  CNBC  and  The  New  York 
Times;  Greg  Jones  M.Div.  '85,  Ph.D.  '88, 
dean  of  the  divinity  school;  David  Levi, 
dean  of  the  law  school;  Michael  Merson,  di- 


i  far  left,  Sheppard,  Williams,  Dzau,  Woodruff,  Harwood,  Merson,  Jones,  and  Levi. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE      March-April  2009 


Duke  Alumni  Association 

Board  of  Directors,  2008-09 

President:  Ann  Pelham  '74 

Secretary-Treasurer:  Sterly  L.  Wilder  '83 

Past  President:  Thomas  C.Clark '69 

Vice  Presidents: 

Matthew  F.  Bostock  '91,  Ann  Wooster  Elliott  '88 

Amy  Schick  Kenney  '96,  M.E.M  '98,  Anne  DeVoe  Lawler  75, 

Carmichael  Roberts  Jr.  '90,  Ph.D.  '95,  Hardy  Vieux  '93 

Duke  Magazine  Editorial  Advisory  Board  representative: 

Sarah  Hardesty  Bray  72 

Directors-at-large: 

Nelson  C.  Bellido  '89,  D.  Michael  Bennett  77 

Emily  Busse  Bragg  78 

Julie  Borger  Ferguson  '81 

Artyn  Haig  Gardner  73,  William  T.  Graham  '56 

Stacey  Maya  Gray  '95,  Peter  C.  Griffith  78 

Roseann  Viscomi  Hassey  '83,  Jeffrey  C.  Howard  76 

Theodore  J.  Humphrey  II  B.S.M.E. '62 

Jeremiah  0.  Norton  '00 

Lee  H.  Roberts  '90,  Suzanne  M.  Rose  '94 

John  D.  Ross  Jr.  '92,  Dawn  M.  Taylor  '89 

Melvia  L  Wallace  '85,  James  V.  Walsh  74 

Samuel  W.Wang '86 

Professional  school  representatives: 

Carmichael  Roberts  Jr.  '90,  Ph.D.  '95 

Graduate  School  of  Arts  and  Sciences 
Wyman  Fraser  Davis  '87,  M.Div.  '95,  Divinity  School 
Elizabeth  W.  Parker  M.B.A.  '85,  Fuqua  School  of  Business 
Amy  Schick  Kenney '96,  M.E.M. '98 

Nicholas  School  of  the  Environment 
Timothy  R.  Davis  B.S.E.  '92,  Pratt  School  of  Engineering 
J.  Porter  Durham  Jr.  '83,  J.D.  '85,  School  of  Law 
William  Cooke  Andrews  Jr.  76,  M.D.  '80,  School  of  Medicine 
Martha  Cohn  Romney  B.S.N.  77,  School  of  Nursing 
Michael  J.  Schwartz  M.H.A.  71,  J.D. '82, 

Graduate  Program  in  Health  Administration 
Holly  Eggert  Duchene  D.P.T.  '03, 
Graduate  Program  in  Physical  Therapy 
Faculty  representatives: 

Thomas  W.  Robisheaux  74,  Associate  Professor  of  History 
James  N.  Siedow, 

Professor  of  Biology  and  Vice  Provost  for  Research 
Student  representatives: 
Alethea  Duncan  G  '12, 

President,  Graduate  and  Professional  Student  Council 
Honorary  members: 

N.  Allison  Haltom  72,  William  E.  King  '61,  A.M.  '63,  Ph.D.  70 
Suzanne  J.  Wasiolek  76,  M.H.A.  78,  LL.M.  '93 
Gerald  L.  Wilson  B.D.  '61,  A.M.  '68 


Presidents,  School  and  College  Alumni  Associations 

David  K.  Bucey  M.Div.  76  Divinity  School 

Robin  Tenkate  M.B.A.  '03,  Fuqua  School  of  Bus.ness 

Heather  Nixon  Stevenson  M.E.M. '83 

Nicholas  School  of  the  Environment 
Timothy  R.  Davis  B.S.E.  '92,  Pratt  School  of  Engineering 
Kodwo  P.  Ghartey-Tagoe  J.D.  '88,  School  of  Law 
Mary  E.  Klotman  76,  M.D.  '80  School  of  Medicine 
Connie  Bossons  Bishop  B.S.N.  75,  School  of  Nursing 
Michael  J.  Schwartz  M.H.A.  71,  J.D. '82, 

Graduate  Program  in  Health  Administration 
Holly  Eggert  Duchene  D.P.T. '03 

Graduate  Program  in  Physical  Therapy 


rector  of  the  Duke  Global  Health  Institute; 
Sandy  Williams  M.D.  '74,  senior  vice  chan- 
cellor for  academic  affairs  at  Duke  medica 
school,  a  principal  architect  of  the  medica 
center's  global  expansion  in  recent  years, 
and  now  senior  adviser  for  internationa 
strategy  for  the  university;  and  Judy  Wood- 
ruff '68,  Hon.  '98  of  the  NewsHour  with  Jim 
Lehrer. 

For  more  information:  www.thedukeidea.net. 

Like  Father,  Like  Daughter 

In  a  serendipitous  convergence  of  insti- 
tutional need  and  alumni  loyalty,  the 
Duke  Alumni  Association  (DAA)  wel- 
comed the  first  father-daughter  team  to 
its  board  of  directors. 

Mike  Schwartz  M.H.A.  '71,  J.D.  '82,  who 
represents  the  graduate  program  in  health 
administration,  and  Suzanne  Schwartz  Rose 
'94,  an  at-large  member,  were  invited  sepa- 
rately to  join  the  2008-09  board.  Rose  was 
contacted  first,  by  DAA  president  Anne 
Pelham  '74,  and  mentioned  the  invitation 
in  passing  to  her  father.  A  few  days  later,  he 
got  a  call  from  Gordon  Soenksen,  associate 
dean  for  development  and  alumni  relations 
at  the  Fuqua  School  of  Business,  asking  him 
to  represent  the  school  on  behalf  of  its  grad- 
uate program  in  health  administration,  a 
volunteer  role  he  had  played  in  the  early 
1980s.  Concerned  there  might  be  a  conflict 
of  interest,  Schwartz  double -checked  to 
make  sure  there  wasn't,  and  readily  agreed 
to  serve. 

For  both  generations,  service  to  Duke 
comes  naturally.  Even  though  his  parents 
couldn't  afford  to  send  him  to  Duke  for  his 
undergraduate  education — he  graduated 
from  Virginia  Military  Institute — Schwartz 
had  always  admired  the  university.  By  a 
twist  of  fate,  he  happened  to  share  a  foxhole 
in  Vietnam  with  a  fellow  Army  lieutenant 
whose  sister  attended  Duke,  and  the  soldier 
convinced  Schwartz  to  apply  to  the  health- 
administration  program. 

Today,  Schwartz  is  president  and  CEO  of 
Prince  William  Health  System  in  Virginia 
and  credits  his  success  to  Duke.  "I've  spent 
my  professional  life  in  health  administra- 


True  blue:  Schwartz  and  Rose  share 
deep  personal  and  professional  ties  to  Duke. 

tion,  and  I  still  use  my  law  education  in  my 
daily  work,"  he  says.  "Duke  provided  me 
with  a  quality  education  at  a  formative  stage 
in  my  life,  and  everything  I've  done  since 
then  has  been  a  continuation  of  those  expe- 
riences. I  am  very  loyal  to  Duke." 

Schwartz  was  part  of  the  administrative 
staff  of  Duke  Hospital  from  1971  to  1983, 
and  played  a  leadership  role  in  launching 
Duke  Hospital  North,  serving  as  its  first 
administrative  director.  Both  Suzanne  and 
her  brother,  David,  were  born  there.  Rose 
says  that  growing  up  in  the  Duke  and  Dur- 
ham communities  laid  the  groundwork  for 
her  own  lifelong  passion  for  Duke.  "As  a 
girl,  I  took  swimming  lessons  with  [Duke] 
coach  [Jim]  Persons,  and  when  I  came  to 
Duke  for  college,  I  swam  on  the  varsity 
team,"  she  says,  noting  that  another  DAA 
board  member,  Amy  Schick  Kenney  '96, 
M.E.M.  '98,  was  a  teammate. 

Both  Schwartz  and  Rose  have  been  long- 
time volunteers  for  Duke — he  as  an  Alumni 
Admissions  Advisory  Committee  (AAAC) 
interviewer  and  a  member  of  the  Fuqua 
Alumni  Advisory  Council;  she,  as  chair  of 
the  AAAC  for  the  western  suburbs  of  Chi- 
cago and  a  reunions  committee  member  for 
her  fifth-  and  tenth-year  reunions. 

Rose,  an  associate  at  Freeborn  &  Peters 
LLP,  specializing  in  commercial  litigation, 
notes  that  her  service  to  Duke  has  had  an 
unexpected  bonus.  "I  contacted  one  of  our 
AAAC  volunteers  to  introduce  myself  and 


.•ww.dukemagazine. duke.edu 


RETROSPECTIVE 

Selections  from 
University  Archives 

University  Archives  recently 
received  a  scrapbook 
created  by  Duke's  first 
Rhodes  Scholarship  win- 
ner, Charles  Rutherford  Bagley  '14, 
A.M. '15.  Bagley  attended  Trinity 
College  from  1911  to  1915  and  graduat- 
ed magna  cum  Idude,  with  highest 
honors  in  Latin.  He  was  working 
as  an  instructor  in  French  at  Duke 
when  he  was  named  a  Rhodes 
Scholar  in  1917. 

The  Rhodes  Scholarship  program, 
the  oldest  international  academic 
fellowship,  was  established  in  1902. 
Every  year  since  then,  thirty-two 
U.S.  citizens  have  been  selected  to 
take  degree  courses  at  the  University 
of  Oxford. 

As  it  turned  out,  Bagley's  residen- 
cy in  Oxford  was  delayed  by  the  out- 
break of  World  War  I.  He  served  as  a 


Letters  from  Alumni  265 

sage  in  the  other,  through  the  fog  and  terrible  shell  fire.     The 

chance.  It  meant  the  lives  of  the  whole  company.  We  with- 
drew the  1st  and  3rd  platoons  about  700  meters  to  the  west 

"Howard  and  Campbell  bad  already  cleared  the  wood  by 
swerving  to  the  right  and  guiding  on  Co.  A,  under  Captain 

"It  was  not  long  before  a  battery  of  75's,  in  response  to 
our  appeal,  took  up  a  po-nion  on  ibe  bill  to  our  right  and  tired 
point-blank  on  the  machine  gun  nest,  causing  the  Bodies' 
gimm-r-.  to  f.ill  U:\<  k  burn. dl\  .  Ica\  ing  one  gun,  5.000  pounds 

ahead  and  the  possibility  of  an  infantry  attack  on  machine 
guns  well  protected  by  wire.  It  was  sickening  to  think  of 
the  slaughter   ahead.     Just    then    the  message  arrived   saying 


'e  -tood  there  half  da/ed  like  a  chicken 
of  the  old  declamation  I  had  heard  so 
<uz    until    eleven    ..'clock.      The    IWhcs 


I  o'thc  morning.     Sud- 


captain  in  the  American  Expedition- 
ary Force's  321st  Infantry,  and  was 
fighting  on  the  famous  "eleventh 
hour  of  the  eleventh  day  of  the  elev- 
enth month"  when  the  Armistice 
was  signed. 

After  the  war,  Bagley  took  up  his 
studies  at  Oxford.  In  a  1922  letter  to 
the  Trinity  Alumni  Register,  he  wrote: 
"I  hope  more  Trinity  men  will  take 
advantage  of  the  Rhodes  scholar- 
ships as  time  goes  on.  Already  the 
two  Trinity  representatives  at  Oxford 


hold  between  them  the  presidency 
of  the  American  Club,  presidency  of 
the  French  Club,  and  captaincy  of  one 
college  tennis  team." 

Bagley's  scrapbook  dates  back 
further,  to  his  undergraduate  years. 
Filled  with  photos  of  classmates, 
dorm  life,  and  the  Trinity  baseball 
team,  taken  between  1907  and  1913, 


mm 

-  0HL 

U 

, 

*■-■ 

£s* 

Bagley  and  excerpt  from  l 
letter,  top;  photos  of  life  at  Duke. 

it  provides  a  glimpse  into  his  time  in 
Durham. 

For  images  from  the  scrapbook, 
a  scan  of  his  letter  from  Oxford,  and 
a  scan  of  a  second  letter  published 
in  the  Trinity  Alumni  Register  de- 
scribing his  experience  as  a  soldier 
on  Armistice  Day,  visit  www.flickr. 
com/photos/dukeyearlook. 

-Sherrie  Bowser 
University  Archives  assistant 


invited  him  to  lunch,"  she  says.  That  first 
meeting  evolved  into  a  friendship  and  then 
blossomed  into  romance:  She  and  the  vol- 
unteer, Kirk  Rose  '82,  were  married  in  2007, 
and  she  became  stepmother  to  his  three 
children,  including  current  Duke  senior  Elis- 
abeth Rose. 

"We  joke  that  the  A  A  AC  was  our  ver- 
sion of  match.com,"  she  says. 

Given  their  abiding  ties  to  Duke,  both 
Schwartz  and  Rose  have  high  praise  for  the 


DAA's  work  to  date,  while  noting  areas  where 
it  can  strengthen  its  outreach  efforts.  For 
her  part,  Rose  says  she  is  particularly  ener- 
gized by  Duke's  commitment  to  civic  en- 
gagement, from  undergraduate  initiatives 
such  as  DukeEngage  to  the  network  of  com- 
munity-service projects  spearheaded  by  the 
DAA's  clubs  program.  "One  of  the  strong 
suits  of  Dukies  is  that  they  rally  around  the 
idea  of  helping  others,"  she  says.  "I  love  the 
DAA  tagline  of  'engage,  connect,  cele- 


brate.' I'm  looking  forward  to  furthering 
that  mission."  For  example,  she  says,  alumni 
turnout  for  Chicago  club  events  is  strong, 
but  the  challenge  is  how  to  appeal  to  the 
interests  and  energies  of  alumni  who  haven't 
yet  gotten  involved. 

Schwartz  says  he  would  like  to  see  in- 
creased participation  from  Duke's  wide  range 
of  professional-  and  graduate-school  alumni. 
"Graduate  programs  such  as  chemistry  or 
philosophy  have  a  culture  that  is  quite  dif- 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     March-April  2009 


67 


Class  Notes 


ferent  from  that  of  the  professional  schools, 
and  the  departments  are  usually  fairly  small," 
he  says.  Students  in  schools  such  as  medi- 
cine and  law,  on  the  other  hand,  belong  to 
bigger  communities,  and  thus  have  greater 
opportunities  for  bonding  within  and  be- 
yond their  areas  of  academic  interests.  "The 
DAA  can  play  a  role  in  reaching  out  and 
communicating  to  all  of  these  alumni  that 
they  are  valued  members  of  the  larger  Duke 
community." 

As  part  of  that  larger,  multigenerational 
community,  both  father  and  daughter  see 
their  roles  on  the  DAA  board  as  a  way  to 
support  an  entity  that  has  shaped  their  lives. 
As  Schwartz  notes,  "It's  an  honor  and  a 
privilege  to  be  able  to  give  back  to  an  in- 
stitution that  has  done  so  much  for  my  fam- 
ily and  me." 

— Bridget  Booher 


WRITE:  Class  Notes  Editor,  Duke  Magazine, 
Box  90572,  Durham,  N.C.  27708 

FAX:  (919)  681-1659  (typed  only,  please) 

E-MAIL:  dukemag@duke.edu 

(Include  your  full  name,  address,  and  class  year.) 

CHANGE  OF  ADDRESS:  Alumni  Records, 

Box  90581,  Durham,  N.C.  27708.  Please  include 

mailing  label. 

E-MAIL  ADDRESS  CHANGES  TO: 

bluedevil@duke.edu 

NOTICE:  Because  of  the  volume  of  class  note  material 
we  receive  and  the  long  lead  time  required  for  type- 
setting, design,  and  printing,  your  submission  may 
not  appear  for  three  to  four  issues.  Alumni  are  urged 
to  include  spouses'  names  in  marriage  and  birth 
.  We  do  not  record  engagements. 


Half-Century  Club 

Henry  S.  WentZ  '41  was  inducted  into  Societas 
Generalis  at  Lancaster  General  Hospital  in  Lan- 


caster, Pa.  The  society  honors  people  who  have  made 
"significant  contributions  to  health  care,  leadership, 
and  service"  to  the  hospital  and  community. 

Robert  E.  Willoughby  '45  has  published  four 
books  since  retiring  from  the  ministry.  After  gradua- 
tion, he  spent  20  years  in  pastoral  ministry,  worked 
with  Martin  Luther  King  Jr.  and  the  civil  rights  move- 
ment, and  taught  in  community  college  for  17  years. 

John  F.  Lowndes  '53,  LL.B.  '58  was  named  in 
The  Best  Lawyers  in  America  2009.  He  is  a  founding 
partner  of  Lowndes,  Drosdick,  Doster,  Kantor  6k 
Reed,  working  in  the  Orlando,  Fla.,  office. 

Frederick  M.  Campbell  Jr.  '55  published  an 
article  in  the  September/October  issue  of  Airboating 
Magazine  about  his  role  in  helping  the  Savannah 
police  department  and  the  Coast  Guard  capture  a 
wanted  criminal. 

Jean  Dickinson  Fielden  '58,  A.M.  '59  and  her 
husband,  John,  were  awarded  the  Florida  Publishers 
Association  2008  President's  Award  for  best  adult 
fiction  book.  They  co-wrote  the  book,  Two  Lives, 
One  Love,  under  the  pseudonym  Jay  Dickinson. 

g-£j|  50th  Reunion  April  17-19 


When  you  make  a  gift  of  $10,000  or  more, 
Duke  can  offer  you  (and/or  your  loved  ones) 
a' fixed  income  for  life.  A  charitable  gift  annuity 
will  also  generate  a  tax  deduction  and  can 
reduce  capital  gains.  Your  ages,  your  financial 
needs,  and  current  interest  rates  determine  the 
annuity  rate  Duke  can  offer.  Some  sample  rates: 


Your  Age:  60 
70 
80 


5.0/O  Annuity  rates  are 

5.7 /o  subject  to  change. 

7.1%  Once  your  gift  is 

c   -J  o y  made,  the  annuity 

c '  co/  rate  remains  nxed. 


Your  Ages:  70/68 
76/73 


To  learn  more  about  life  income  gifts  and 
other  "tax-wise"  giving  opportunities,  visit 
giving.duke.edu/giftplanning  or  contact: 


Duke  University  Office  of  Gift  Planning 

Box  90600,  Durham,  NC  27708 

Phone  (919)  681-0464 

Fax      (919)684-9731 

Email  gift.planning@dev.duke.edu 


.duke  magazine,  duke.edu 


1960s 


Suzanne  Porter  Burow  '62  was  honored  by  the 

Tennessee  legislature  for  her  work  at  the  Exchange 
Place  historic  site  in  Kingsport,  Tenn.  She  has 
worked  as  a  volunteer  at  the  site  since  the  mid-1970s 
and  was  instrumental  in  restoring  the  early-19th-cen- 
tury  buildings,  as  well  as  developing  the  school  pro- 
gram for  kindergarten  and  third-grade  students. 


45th  Reunion  April  17-19 


James  H.  Cheek  III  '64  has  been  named  among 
the  500  leading  lawyers  in  America  by  Lawdragon,  a 
national  online  and  print  legal-services  information 
company.  He  is  a  partner  at  Bass,  Berry,  &  Sims, 
working  in  the  Nashville,  Tenn.,  office. 

Linda  Loeb  Clark  '64  has  published  her  fourth 
book,  Women  and  Achievement  in  Nineteenth-Century 
Europe,  a  volume  in  the  Cambridge  University  Press' 
"New  Approaches  to  European  History"  series.  She 
is  professor  emerita  of  history  at  Millersville 
University  in  Pennsylvania  and  lives  in  California 
with  her  husband. 

Lois  R.  Allen  M.Ed.  '65  is  the  author  of  AU  We 
Really  Needed:  Growing  Up  in  a  Pennsylvania  Steel 
Town  During  the  Great  Depression,  published  by 
RoseDog  Books.  She  taught  mathematics  for  40  years 
at  the  Community  College  of  Alleghany  County. 
She  is  working  on  a  book  about  waiting  tables  at  a 
hotel  on  the  Atlantic  City  boardwalk  in  1947.  She 
lives  in  Pittsburgh. 

John  C.H.  Miller  Jr.  '66  was  awarded  an  honorary 
doctorate  by  Auburn  University.  He  is  an  Auburn 
University  trustee  and  a  consultant  to  the  law  firm 
of  Jones  Walker,  working  with  the  Bitmingham, 
Ala.,  office. 

Samuel  D.  Southern  '66  was  named  an  Impact 
Law  Leader  by  Triangle  Business  Leader  magazine.  He 
is  a  partner  in  the  Raleigh  office  of  Smith  Moore 
Leatherwood. 

Lawrence  Hicks  Jr.  '67  has  been  named  in  The 
Best  Lawyers  in  America  2009.  He  is  a  partner  in  the 
Dallas  office  of  Thompson  &  Knight  and  was 
appointed  treasurer  of  the  American  College  of 
Mortgage  Attorneys  for  2008-09. 

Alan  T.  Leonhard  Ph.D.  '67  is  the  author  of  New 
Orleans  Goes  to  the  Movies:  Film  Sites  in  the  French 
Quarter  and  Beyond.  The  book  includes  two  tours  of 
movie  sites  with  maps  and  sketches  of  film  locations 
in  the  Big  Easy. 

James  R.  Fox  '68,  J.D.  '71  was  named  in  The  Best 
Lawyers  in  America  2009.  He  is  of  counsel  with  Bell, 
Davis  &  Pitt,  working  in  the  Winston-Salem  office. 


40th  Reunion  April  17-19 

J.  Anthony  Manger  Jr.  '69  was  re-elected 
president  of  the  board  of  trustees  of  Montgomery 
Academy,  a  private  school  in  New  Jersey.  He  is  a 
member  of  the  Somerville,  N.J.,  law  firm  Norris, 
McLaughlin  6k  Marcus. 


MINI-PROFILE 

James  Girand 
B.S.E.E.  '59,  promoting 
prostate  health 


ames  Girand  has  the  strong, 
sinewy  body  of  an  award- 
winning  triathlete.  He's 
earned  dozens  of  medals  for 
his  sporting  accomplishments  at  the 
international  level.  A  wrestler  at 
Duke,  the  California  engineer  has 
long  prided  himself  on  his  physical 
fitness.  So  when  he  was  diagnosed 
with  a  malignant  tumor  on  his 
prostate  in  2006,  Girand  was  initially 
taken  aback. 

"I  took  0mega-3s,  drank  pome- 
granate juice,  exercised-all  the 
things  you're  supposed  to  do  for  a 
healthy  lifestyle,"  he  says.  "At  the 
same  time,  I  knew  my  PSA  levels  had 
started  to  rise,  so  I'd  been  getting 
screened  twice  a  year  instead  of  once 
a  year."  (Elevated  prostate-specific 
antigen  levels  can  indicate  cancer.) 
His  physician  showed  Girand  a 
grainy  black-and-white  scan  of  the 
tumor  and  delivered  a  grim  progno- 
sis: Radiation  might  slow  the  tumor's 
progress,  but  eventually,  with  either 
radiation  or  surgery,  Girand  would 
face  incontinence  and  impotence.  "I 
went  home  and  talked  to  my  wife 
[Juanita  Jones  Girand  '59],  and  with- 
in twenty-four  hours  we  were  con- 
vinced there  had  to  be  a  better  op- 
tion." Girand  compiled  a  list  of  the 
country's  leading  urologic  cancer 
specialists  and  visited  each  one  be- 
fore selecting  Peter  Carroll,  chair  of 
the  urology  department  at  the  Uni- 
versity of  California  at  San  Francisco. 

In  October  2006,  Girand  under- 
went surgery  to  remove  his  prostate. 
Within  a  few  weeks  he  was  running 
again,  and  in  less  than  a  year,  he  was 
back  in  fine  competitive  form,  win- 
ning the  silver  medal  in  his  age 
group  at  the  World  Long  Course 
Duathlon  Championship.  And  thanks 
to  the  surgical  techniques  his  physi- 
cian used,  the  negative  side  effects 
his  original  doctor  warned  about  did 
not  come  to  pass. 
But  Girand  wasn't  content  to  view 


his  bout  with  cancer  as  a  closed 
chapter  of  his  life.  Using  the  knowl- 
edge he  had  acquired  during  his 
quest  for  information  and  treatment 
options,  he  created  the  Prostate 
Cancer  Patients  Network  and  a  web- 
site, www.prostatecancerpatient.org, 
"to  give  a  person  concerned  about 
prostate  cancer  knowledge  to  ask  his 
doctor  serious  questions  and  take 
charge  of  his  treatment." 

"By  my  nature  I'm  a  marketing 
and  sales  strategist,  so  with  anything 
I  do  I  like  to  step  back  from  day-to- 
day details,  analyze  and  integrate 
different  factors  that  might  come  into 
play,  and  then  determine  the  best 
path  forward,"  says  Girand,  chair  of 
Technology  Strategies  &  Investments, 
a  consulting  and  investment  firm. 

"Famous,  high-profile  cancer  sur- 
vivors can  pick  up  the  phone,  call 
their  friends,  and  raise  millions  of 
dollars  for  research.  I  realized  I 
could  best  use  my  experience  as  a 
survivor  to  provide  information  to 
help  other  men." 

Because  prostate  health  relates  to 
issues  of  sexuality,  many  men  are 
reluctant  to  discuss  their  concerns  or 
to  schedule  regular  screenings,  says 


Girand.  That's  why  he  takes  every 
opportunity  to  encourage  wives  and 
families  to  make  certain  the  men  in 
their  lives  get  regular  prostate 
exams,  and  to  seek  out  the  best  care 
available  if  treatment  is  warranted. 

"Prostate  cancer  progresses  slow- 
ly, so  early  detection  is  important." 
He  encourages  people  diagnosed 
with  prostate  cancer  to  "ask  their 
doctors  lots  of  questions,  and  if  they 
aren't  satisfied  with  the  answers,  find 
another  doctor." 

Girand  has  stayed  connected  to 
Duke  since  his  undergraduate  days. 
He  and  his  wife  are  Duke  parents- 
daughter  Lisa  Girand  Lawson  gradu- 
ated in  1989— and  he  was  named 
Distinguished  Engineering  Alumnus 
of  the  year  in  1996  for  his  role  as 
cofounder  of  the  $41  million  Design 
Automation  Technology  Center.  In 
April,  he  will  return  to  campus  to  cel- 
ebrate his  50th  class  reunion.  Not 
surprisingly,  he  will  use  the  opportu- 
nity to  lead  a  panel  discussion  on 
prostate  health  as  part  of  the  Duke 
Alumni  Association's  arts  and  aca- 
demics programming. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     March-April  2009 


Experience 

Duke  TIP 

Field  Studies 

4  and  Institutes 


1970s 


The  Duke  University  Talent  Identification 
Program  has  many  exciting  opportunities 
to  allow  academically  talented  high 
school  students  the  chance  to  travel 
internationally,  study  with  students 
from  other  countries  or  live  on  Duke 
University's  campus  while  learning  about 
fascinating  topics. 

Space  is  still  available  in  several  2009 
Field  Studies  and  Institutes,  including: 

•  A  Writer's  Art: 
Creative  Writing 

Ghost  Ranch,  New  Mexico 
Grades  9-12 

June  15-29,2009 

•  "The  Play's  the  Thing": 

Shakespeare  and  the 
Theatrical  Tradition 

Stratford,  Ontario,  Canada 
Grades  9-12 

June  22  -  July  6,  2009 

•  Business  Leadership  in  Belize 

Dangriga,  Belize 
Grades  10 -12 

July  10-24,  2009 


Learn  more  and  apply  online  now  at 

www.tip.duke.edu/fsi 

n 

Duke 

HP 

James  R.  Blake  70  has  been  named  in  The  Best 
Lawyers  in  America  2009.  He  has  been  a  managing 
attorney  since  2005  for  the  firm  of  Day  Ketterer,  in 
the  Canton,  Ohio,  office. 

Nicholas  A.  Pope  '70  was  named  in  The  Best 
Lawyers  in  America  2009.  He  is  managing  partner 
emeritus  at  Lowndes,  Drosdick,  Doster,  Kantor  & 
Reed,  in  the  Orlando,  Fla.,  office. 

Sue  E.  Peppers  M.Ed.  '71  was  appointed  the  third 
assistant  principal  in  charge  of  student  life  at  Scars- 
dale  High  School  in  Scarsdale,  N.Y. 

Sheila  Markley  Black  J.D.  '72  has  been  named 
in  The  Best  Lawyers  in  America  2009.  She  advises 
nonprofit  organizations  and  businesses  on  compli- 
ance with  various  labor  statutes  and  also  participates 
in  collective-bargaining  negotiations.  She  is  with 
the  firm  Day  Ketterer,  in  Canton,  Ohio. 

Charles  E.  Farrell  '72  was  nominated  for 
CFO  of  the  Year  in  the  Los  Angeles  Business  Journal's 
annual  survey  of  senior  executives  in  the  Los 
Angeles  area.  He  is  chief  financial  officer  of 
Edmunds  Inc.,  an  online  resource  for  automotive 
information. 

Angelo  H.  Magafan  '72  was  elected  vice  chair 
of  Monument  Bank  in  Bethesda,  Md.  He  is  a  founder 
of  the  bank  and  has  served  as  director  since  its 
inception  in  2005.  For  the  past  20  years,  he  has 
been  a  principal  with  Deoudes-Magafan  Realty  Inc., 
a  commercial  real-estate  investment  and  manage- 
ment company. 


35th  Reunion  April  17-19 


Richard  J.  Fildes  '74  was  named  in  The  Best 
Lawyers  in  America  2009.  He  is  a  partner  at  Lowndes, 
Drosdick,  Doster,  Kantor  ck  Reed  in  Orlando,  Fla. 

Alberto  Grignolo  '74  received  Good  Clinical 
Practice  Journal's  Lifetime  Achievement  Award. 
He  is  corporate  vice  president  and  general  manager 
for  PAREXEL  Consulting  in  Waltham,  Mass. 

John  Kador  '74  has  written  Effective  Apology: 
Mending  Fences ,  Building  Bridges,  and  Restoring  Trust, 
to  be  published  in  April.  The  book  "serves  as  a 
comprehensive  user's  manual,  reference,  and  practi- 
cal guide  to  using  apology  to  building  trust  and 
honoring  relationships  between  individuals,  within 
teams,  and  throughout  organizations."  Kador  lives 
in  Winfield,  Pa. 

Gary  S.  Lachman  '74  was  featured  in  an  article 
in  the  Turkish  Daily  News,  an  English  newspaper 
in  Istanbul,  Turkey.  Lachman  is  special  counsel  on 
foreign  law  in  the  Istanbul  office  of  Hergiiner  Bilgen 
Ozeke,  one  of  Turkey's  largest  law  firms. 

Catherine  Scott  Manno  '74  was  appointed  chair 

of  the  pediatrics  department  at  New  York  Univer- 
sity's Langone  Medical  Center. 

Robert  W.  Novak  H.S.  '75  was  a  recipient  of  the 
2008  College  of  American  Pathologists  Lifetime 
Achievement  Award.  He  was  recognized  for  his  work 
as  vice  chair  and  chair  of  the  Hematology/Clinical 
Microscopy  Resource  Committee,  a  member  and 
chair  of  the  Hematology  Cluster,  and  a  member  of 
the  College  of  American  Pathologists  Spokespersons 
Network,  the  Surveys  Committee,  and  the  Council 
on  Scientific  Affairs. 

Mark  H.  Hittman  '76  has  left  private  practice  after 
almost  25  years  and  joined  the  primary-care  staff  at 
the  VA  Hudson  Valley  Health  Care  System  in  Castle 


Point,  N.Y.  He  lives  in  Cortlandt  Manor,  N.Y.,  with 
his  wife  and  two  sons. 

Michael  K.  Kuhn  '76  was  named  a  Top  Lawyer  by 
H  Texas  magazine.  He  is  a  partner  at  Jackson  Walker, 
working  in  the  Dallas  office. 

Michael  F.  Perley  J.D.  '76  was  named  in  the 
upstate  edition  of  New  York  Super  Lawyers  2008  mag- 
azine. He  practices  personal-injury  law  at  the  Buffalo 
firm  of  Hurwitz  &  Fine. 

Maureen  Demarest  Murray  '77  has  been 
inducted  as  a  fellow  of  the  American  College  of 
Trial  Lawyers.  She  is  a  partner  at  Smith  Moore 
Leatherwood  in  Greensboro. 

H.  Glenn  Tucker  '77,  J.D.  '08  was  elected  chair  of 
the  Business  State  Law  section  of  the  New  Jersey 
State  Bar  Association.  He  is  a  partner  at  Greenberg 
Dauber  Epstein  &  Tucker,  in  Newark,  N.J. 

Ken  Waldman  '77  has  written  Are  You  Famous? 
Traveling  America  with  Alaska's  Fiddling  Poet,  pub- 
lished by  Catalyst  Book  Press,  his  first  book  of  prose. 
Waldman  has  also  written  six  poetry  collections  and 
released  seven  CDs  of  his  music.  He  lives  in 
Anchorage,  Alaska. 

Reunion  April  17-19 

Julia  Frey  '79  was  named  in  The  Best  Lawyers  in 
America  2009.  She  is  a  partner  at  Lowndes,  Drosdick, 
Doster,  Kantor  &  Reed  in  Orlando,  Fla. 


1980s 


Charles  A.  Berardesco  '80  was  promoted  to  sen- 
ior vice  president  and  general  counsel  for  Constella- 
tion Energy  in  Baltimore. 

Glen  A.  Duncan  '80  has  been  recognized  with  the 
Professional  Achievement  Award  of  the  Southern 
Public  Relations  Federation.  He  is  the  director  of 
communications  for  Pennington  Biomedical 
Research  Center  in  Baton  Rouge,  La. 

Merle  D.  "Trace"  Evans  III  '80  has  been  named 

in  The  Best  Lawyers  in  America  2009.  He  is  a  member 
of  the  executive  committee  at  the  firm  of  Day 
Ketterer  in  Canton,  Ohio. 

John  H.  Hickey  J.D.  '80  was  named  a  Top  Lawyer 
by  the  South  Florida  Legal  Guide  for  2008-09.  This  is 
the  fourth  year  that  he  has  received  the  title.  He 
practices  with  the  Hickey  Law  Firm  in  Miami. 

Douglas  Jacoby  '80  is  director  of  the  Interna- 
tional Teaching  Ministry,  based  in  Marietta,  Ga. 
In  2008,  he  made  presentations  in  20  nations  on 
topics  including  archeology,  parenting,  philosophy, 
theology,  and  leadership.  In  addition  to  his  travels, 
Jacoby  participates  in  public  debates  on  religious 
topics.  He  and  his  wife,  Vicki,  recently  celebrated 
their  23rd  anniversary.  They  have  two  children, 
both  in  college. 

Manuel  A.  Capsalis  '81  was  sworn  in  as  the  70th 
president  of  the  Virginia  State  Bar.  He  is  managing 
partner  in  the  law  firm  Capsalis,  Bruce  &  Reaser  in 
Arlington,  Va.,  with  a  practice  in  criminal  and  civil 
litigation.  He  serves  as  a  substitute  judge  in  District 
Courts  in  northern  Virginia  and  as  prosecutor  and 
deputy  town  attorney  for  the  town  of  Herndon. 

Karen  R.  Dickinson  '82  was  selected  as  one  of  the 
first  recipients  of  the  Arizona  Business  Magazine's 
Center  of  Influence  Award.  The  award  is  given  to  a 
lawyer  who  has  "positively  impacted,  guided,  and 
provided  consultation  to  Arizona  businesses."  She  is 


www.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


a  partner  with  Quarles  &  Brady's  intellectual-proper- 
ty practice  and  lives  in  Phoenix. 

Sharon  Monahan  Fountain  J.D.  '82  has  been 
named  in  The  Best  Lawyers  in  America  2009.  She  is  a 
partner  in  the  Dallas  office  of  Thompson  &  Knight. 

Monica  Donath  Kohnen  '82  was  appointed  to 
the  board  of  trustees  of  Ursuline  Academy,  a  private 
Catholic  girls'  high  school  in  Cincinnati.  She  co- 
chairs  the  banking  and  financial  services  industry 
group  and  the  women's  professional  development 
group  at  the  law  firm  of  Graydon  Head  &  Ritchey. 

Mark  Arian  '83  joined  Aon  Consulting,  the  global 
human-capital  consulting  organization  of  Aon  Corp., 
as  executive  vice  president  and  leader  of  the  Aon 
Consulting  Corporate  Transactions  group. 

25th  Reunion  April  17-19 

David  L.  Dukes  '84,  J.D.  '88  published  The  First 
Black  President  Blues,  an  "alternate  history  novel" 
about  America's  first  black  president  as  he  re-evalu- 
ates his  life  after  an  assassination  attempt.  The  book 
is  self-published  through  AuthorHouse. 

Alan  S.  Clarke  '85  received  the  Ben  White 
Distinguished  Service  Award  from  the  Georgia 
Lawyers  for  the  Arts  for  providing  legal  services  to 
artists  and  nonprofit  arts  organizations  otherwise 
unable  to  pay  for  assistance.  Clarke  practices  enter- 
tainment law  in  Atlanta. 

Stuart  M.  Gaynes  B.S.E.  '85  is  an  emergency- 
medicine  specialist  at  Olanthe  Medical  Center  in 
Olanthe,  Kan.  He  lives  with  his  wife,  Kelly,  in 
Overland  Park,  Kan. 

Roslyn  Bernstein  Mannon  M.D.  '85  joined  the 

University  of  Alabama-Birmingham  faculty  as  a  pro- 
fessor in  the  division  of  nephrology.  She  also  was 
named  director  of  research  for  the  Alabama 
Transplant  Center  at  UAB. 

Michael  P.  Scharf  '85,  J.D.  '88  is  professor  of  law 
and  director  of  the  Frederick  K.  Cox  International 
Law  Center  at  Case  Western  Reserve  University's  law 
school.  On  sabbatical  this  past  fall,  he  served  as  spe- 
cial assistant  to  the  chief  prosecutor  of  the  Cambodia 
Genocide  Tribunal  in  Phnom  Penh. 

Peter  J.  Mannon  H.S.  '86,  H.S.  '89  joined  the 
University  of  Alabama-Birmingham  faculty  as  a 
professor  in  the  division  of  gastroenterology  and 
hepatology. 

Walter  N.  Rak  '87  has  joined  the  legal  department 
of  Lowe's  Cos.  Inc.  in  Mooresville,  N.C.,  as  senior 
counsel.  He  and  his  wife,  Penny,  live  in  Mooresville 
with  their  daughter,  Ashley. 


20th  Reunion  April  17-19 


Ann  Marie  Bixby  Cowdrey  '89  has  been  named 
in  The  Best  Lawyers  in  America  2009.  She  is  a  partner 
in  the  Dallas  office  of  Thompson  &  Knight. 

William  R.  Mureiko  A.M.  '89,  J.D.  '89  has  been 
named  in  The  Best  Lawyers  in  America  2009.  He  is  a 
partner  in  the  Dallas  office  of  Thompson  &  Knight. 

MARRIAGES:  Lynne  Annette  McCain  B.S.N. 
'83  to  Randolph  W.  Sanborn  on  Oct.  18,  2008.  Resi- 
dence: Atlanta... Stuart  M.  Gaynes  B.S.E.  '85  to 
Kelly  Howard  on  Sept.  13,  2008.  Residence:  Overland 
Park,  Kan.. ..Mark  B.  Lasser  '89  to  Stephanie 
Lifland  on  June  29,  2008.  Residence:  Denver. 

BIRTHS:  First  child  and  son  to  G.  Grainger 

Caudle  '81  and  Kelly  Haslam  on  March  31,  2008. 
Named  Beckett  Pierce  Caudle... First  child  and  son 


MINI-PROFILE 

Dale  Volberg  Reed  '63 
passionate  about  'cue 

Back  in  the  early  1960s, 
Dale  Volberg  and  her 
beau,  John  Shelton  Reed, 
frequented  Turnage's 
Barbecue,  a  family-owned  joint  on 
Morreene  Road  in  Durham  that 
served  authentic  Eastern  North 
Carolina-style  barbecue.  Dale  and 
John  married,  settled  in  Chapel  Hill, 
reared  two  daughters,  and  collabo- 
rated on  several  writing  projects, 
including  1001  Things  Everyone 
Should  Know  About  the  South  and 
(ombread  Hation  4:  The  Best  of 
Southern  Food  Writing.  They  joined 
the  Southern  Foodways  Alliance  and 
the  North  Carolina  Barbecue  Society 
and  thought  nothing  of  driving  all 
morning  to  Goldsboro  just  to  buy  a 
plate  of  tantalizing 'cue  at  the  now 
legendary  Wilber's  restaurant. 

Through  the  years,  the  Reeds' 
fondness  for  Eastern-style  barbe- 
cue-smoky, slow-cooked  pork 
served  with  a  peppery,  vinegar- 
based  sauce-grew  into  a  passion. 
Turnage's  closed  years  ago,  but 
through  the  years,  the  couple  easily 
racked  up  an  impressive  list  of  barbe- 
cue spots  that  could  satisfy  their  car- 
nivorous desires.  They  traveled  fre- 
quently, sampling  regional  American 


cuisines  wherever  they  went.  They 
became  intrigued  by  the  many  social 
dimensions  of  barbecue,  particularly 
its  role  in  Southern  communities. 

Holy  Smoke:  The  Big  Book  of 
North  Carolina  Barbecue,  published 
this  past  November  by  the  University 
of  North  Carolina  Press,  is  the  cou- 
ple's loving  guide  to  the  Tar  Heel 
State's  signature  dish.  Chock  full  of 
historical  perspectives  (Pliny  the 
Elder  praised  pig,  noting,  "There  is  no 
animal  who  furnishes  more  variety  to 
the  tongue")  and  contemporary 
humor  (Homer  Simpson's  quip  that 
"you  don't  win  friends  with  salad"), 
the  book  also  includes  recipes-from 
coleslaw  and  hush  puppies  to  scup- 
pernong  wine  jelly  and  Krispy  Kreme 
bread  pudding-as  well  as  handy  do- 
it-yourself  guides  on  how  to  cook  a 
Boston  butt  or  build  your  own  barbe- 
cue pit.  The  book  captures  the  near- 
religious  fervor  that  devotees  have 
for  this  succulent  sustenance. 

Holy  Smoke  is  divided  into  three 
parts.  "The  Lore"  explores  the  origins 
and  evolution  of  North  Carolina  bar- 
becue, including  "the  emergence  of 
the  Eastern-Piedmont  split  and  how 
that  gave  birth  to  a  rivalry  that's 
right  up  there  with  the  one  between 
UNC  and  Duke,"  the  authors  write. 
Piedmont  barbecue,  which  the  Reeds 
trace  to  an  influx  of  post-World  War  I 
German  immigrants,  has  a  tomato- 
based  sauce-heretical  in  the  mind  of 


^■W)M))W)m)W))m))W 


Eastern  purists-and  often  uses  just 
the  shoulder  meat  rather  than  the 
whole  hog. 

The  rest  of  the  book  focuses  on 
the  food  itself  and  the  people  who 
make  their  living  cooking  it-called 
"Nobles  of  the  Mystic  Swine"  by  the 
authors.  Dale  Reed  says  that  she 
worries  that  some  of  these  meat 
masters  may  not  be  able  to  pass  on 
the  culinary  legacy  they  inherited 
from  their  families.  "Keith  Allen 
[owner  of  Allen  &  Sons  Barbecue  on 
the  border  of  Chapel  Hill  and 
Hillsborough]  told  me  he  didn't  want 
his  daughter  to  have  to  work  as  hard 
as  he's  had  to,"  she  says.  "There  is  a 
danger  that  if  barbecue  becomes  an 
artisan  craft  like  pottery,  it  will  be  out 
of  reach  for  the  average  working  per- 
son to  maintain." 

As  the  Reeds  travel  to  promote 
the  book,  they've  found  that  their 
hosts  tend  to  serve  local  barbecue. 
You  might  think  they'd  grow  weary 
of  so  much  pork.  On  the  contrary, 
says  Dale  Reed,  "I've  never  gotten 
tired  of  it.  It's  so  different  from  place 
to  place.  Barbecue  speaks  to  my  soul." 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     March-April  2009 


to  Andres  J.  ExpositO  '89  and  Casey  Lee 
Exposito  on  Nov.  2,  2008.  Named  Andres  Jacob. . . 
Third  child  and  second  son  to  Brad  E.  Rosenthal 
B.S.E.  '89  and  Cheryl  K.  Rosenthal  on  Sept.  2,  2008. 
Named  Griffin  Spencer. . .  First  child  and  son  to 
Thomas  Mather  Schwark  '89  and  Tina  Witney  on 
Nov.  30,  2007.  Named  Alexander  Vreeland  Schwark. 


1990s 

Susan  M.  Scafidi  '90  was  a  guest  bloggerfor 

Concurring  O/iminn.s,  a  general-interest  legal  blog, 
this  past  October.  Scafidi  specializes  in  intellectual- 
and  cultural-property  law  and  is  the  first  law  professor 
known  to  offer  a  course  in  fashion  law.  She  is  a 


visiting  professor  of  law  at  Fordham  Law  School  in 
New  York. 

T.  Derrick  Heggans  '92  was  selected  by  Sports 
Business  ]oumal  as  one  of  the  20  Most  Influential 
People  in  Digital  Sports  Media.  He  serves  as  the  gen- 
eral manager  of  AOL's  sports  channel,  a  post  he 
assumed  in  December  2007.  He  lives  in  Washington 
with  his  wife,  Tanya,  and  son,  Timothy. 

Mark  R.  Brown  J.D.  '93  has  been  board  certified  by 
the  Florida  Board  of  Legal  Specialization  and 
Education  as  a  wills,  trusts,  and  estates  specialist.  He 
is  a  member  of  the  executive  council  of  the  Tax 
Section  of  the  Florida  Bar  and  a  director  of  the  Palm 
Beach  Tax  Institute.  In  addition,  he  is  of  counsel  in 
the  West  Palm  Beach  office  of  Kaye  Scholer. 


IT  S  NOT  THE  BUILDING. 


It's  the  people. 

People  love  the 
spaciousness  of  our 
apartments.  And 
rave  over  our  cottages 
with  their  granite 
counter  tops.  But  at 
Croasdaile  Village,  the 
story  is  not  in  the  size 
or  appeal  of  our  living 
units.  The  real  story 
is  the  depth  and  personalities  of  our  residents. 

For  a  visit  and  complimentary  lunch,  call  Carol  Roycroft  at 
(919)  384-2475  or  email  at  CarolR@umrh.org.  You'll  come  for 
the  tour  but  come  back  for  the  people. 

,     jJL/VILLAGE 

A  Continuing  Care  Retirement  Community 


Kara  DioGuardi  '93  has  become  a  judge  on  the 
television  reality  show  American  Idol  She  is  a 
Grammy-nominated  singer-songwriter  and  was  BM1 
Pop  Songwriter  of  the  Year  in  2007.  She  has  written 
or  co-written  songs  for  Ashlee  Simpson,  Christina 
Aguilera,  Faith  Hill,  and  Enrique  Iglesias,  among 
others.  She  is  a  vice  president  of  artists  and  repertoire 
at  Wamer  Brothers  Records  and  helps  coach  and  acts 
as  a  mentor  to  fellow  writets,  producers,  and  artists 
through  her  company,  Arthouse  Entertainment, 
based  in  Los  Angeles. 

Jennifer  Goodman  Linn  '93  created  Cycle  for 
Survival,  an  indoor  group-cycling  fundraiser  for 
orphan-cancers  research  at  Memorial  Sloan- 
Kettering  Cancer  Center.  She  was  inspired  to  start 
the  initiative  after  being  diagnosed  with  MFH 
Sarcoma,  a  soft-tissue  cancer.  The  event  is  now  in  its 
third  year.  In  2008,  Linn  received  Self  Magazine's 
Women  Doing  Good  Award  for  her  work. 

Robert  R.  Marcus  J.D.  '93  was  named  an  Impact 
Law  Leader  by  Charlotte  Business  Leader  magazine.  He 
has  been  a  member  of  Smith  Moote  Leatherwood  for 
15  years,  working  in  the  Charlotte  office  and  special- 
izing in  litigation. 


15th  Reunion  April  17-19 


Catherine  Crutcher  Bohigian  '94  has  joined 
Cablevision  Systems  Corp.  She  was  previously  chief  of 
the  Office  of  Strategic  Planning  and  Policy  Analysis 
at  the  Federal  Communications  Commission  and 
served  as  senior  legal  adviser  and  legal  adviser  for 
media  issues  for  former  chair  Kevin  Martin  M.P.P.  '93. 

Laura  C.  Gentile-Bagot  '94  is  a  vice  president 
at  ESPN,  where  she  has  worked  since  2003.  She  lives 
in  New  York. 

Danielle  Winkler  Shelley  BSE.  '94  is  a 
partner  in  an  ob-gyn  private  practice  in  Anderson, 
S.C.,  where  she  lives  with  her  husband,  Hubert, 
and  two  sons. 

Anne  Sempowski  Ward  BSE.  '94,  M.B.A.  '04 
was  named  president  and  chief  operating  officer  of 
Johnson  Publishing  Co.,  among  the  largest  publishing 
companies  owned  and  operated  by  an  African 
American.  She  was  previously  president  and  COO 
of  Fashion  Fair  Cosmetics.  She  lives  in  Chicago. 

R.  Lance  Boldrey  J.D.  '95  was  named  in  The  Best 

Lawyers  in  America  2009.  He  is  a  member  of  the 
Dykema  law  firm's  government-policy  practice  group 
in  Lansing,  Mich. 

Victoria  Briggs  Haljun  Strang  '95  is  in  the 

film  industry  and  works  at  Playtone  Productions  in 
Santa  Monica,  Calif. 

Kristen  Ness  Ayers  '96  opened  Ayers  Immigration 
Law  Firm  in  Charlotte  last  September.  Her  practice 
focuses  on  business  immigration,  assisting  clients 
with  nonimmigrant  visas  and  status  for  short-term 
visitors,  business  personnel,  and  trainees. 
Leslie  A.  Smith  '97  was  the  keynote  speaker  for 
the  World  Burn  Congress  this  past  October.  She  is  in 
private  practice  in  internal  medicine  in  Boone,  N.C., 
and  also  medical  directot  of  both  the  Watauga 
County  Health  Department  and  the  Appalachian 
Farmworker  Clinic. 

Julianne  M.  Hartzell  BSE.  '98  has  been 
appointed  to  the  board  of  directors  for  the  Coalition 
of  Women's  Initiatives  in  Law  Firms,  a  nonprofit 
association  whose  mission  is  to  enhance  the  teten- 
tion  and  promotion  of  female  lawyers  and  to  provide 
support  for  women's  initiatives  in  law  firms.  A  mem- 


,'w.dukemagazine.  duke.edu 


ber  of  Marshall,  Gerstein  &  Borun,  an  intellectual- 
property  firm,  she  also  provides  pro  bono  services 
through  the  Chicago  Volunteer  Legal  Services  as  a 
guardian  ad  litem. 

Samia  Noor  AM  Rashid  M.S.  '98  was  named 
president  of  Infinism  Inc.,  a  software  company  in 
Alviso,  Calif.  Rashid  is  also  a  co-founder  of  the 
Alviso-based  software  startup  iManage  Inc.,  which 
develops  products  to  significantly  speed  the  design  of 
computer  chips. 


JEEl  10th  Re 


Apnl  17-19 


MARRIAGES:  Victoria  Briggs  Haljun  '95  to 

Cameron  A.  Strang  on  Oct.  11,  2008.  Residence: 
Santa  Monica,  Calif.... Daniel  M.  Segal  '98 
to  Lenor  Marquis  on  May  24,  2008.  Residence: 
New  York...  Brynne  Barbara  Stevens  '99  to 

David  Baxter  Thompson  Jr.  on  July  12,  2008. 
Residence:  New  York. 

BIRTHS:  Twins,  second  son  and  first  daughter  to 
Jocelyn  Harrison  Henson  '90  and  Craig 
Henson  on  June  22,  2008.  Named  Blake  David  and 
Bernice  Jeanette. .  .Third  child  and  second  son  to 

Toni  Friess  Millner  '91  and  Christopher  Bost 
Millner  '93  on  May  12,  2008.  Named  Quinn 
Bost... Third  child  and  second  daughter  to  Lee  A. 
Furrow-Tolsma  '93  and  John  T.  Tolsma  '95  on 

Sept.  29,  2008.  Named  Lee  Belle  Tolsma... First  child 
and  son  to  Laura  C.  Gentile-Bagot  '94  and 
Thomas  Bagot  on  April  24,  2008.  Named  William 
Thomas  Cesare  Bagot. .  .Second  child  and  son  to 
Danielle  Winkler  Shelley  BSE.  '94  and  Hubert 
Shelley  Jr.  on  Oct.  9,  2008.  Named  Brice  Bennett. . . 
Third  child  and  second  daughter  to  Melissa 
Igdaloff  Attar  '95,  J.D.  '98  and  Ron  Attar  '98  on 
July  14,  2006.  Named  Emily  Igdaloff... First  child  and 
son  to  Nicolette  Wagoner  Barber  '95  and 
Andrew  Barber  on  Aug.  7,  2008.  Named  Phinneas 
James... First  child  and  daughter  to  Raminder  S. 
Madan  '95  and  Alicia  Freimuth  Madan  '97  on 
Nov.  22,  2008.  Named  Kira  Frances... First  child  and 
daughter  to  Amy  Knight  Nelson  '95  and  James  R. 
Nelson  on  Jan.  18,  2008.  Named  Abigail  Grace. . . 
Third  child  and  second  daughter  to  John  T.  Tolsma 
'95  and  Lee  A.  Furrow-Tolsma  '93  on  Sept.  29, 
2008.  Named  Lee  Belle  Tolsma. .  .First  child  and 
daughter  to  Kristen  Ness  Ayers  '96  and  Peter 
Ayers  '96  on  Jan.  27,  2008.  Named  Taylor  Jane... 
First  child  and  son  to  Chiaheng  John  Chen  '96, 
M.B.A.  '05  and  Colleen  Cook-Chen  on  Oct.  11, 
2008.  Named  Samuel  Kai  Chen. . .First  child  and  son 
to  James  S.  Walsh  B.S.E.  '96  and  Amy  G.  Walsh 
on  Aug.  25,  2008.  Named  Grant  Joseph. .  .First  child 
and  daughter  to  John  T.  Gordon  '97  and  Teri 
Gremillion  Gordon  on  Sept.  17,  2008.  Named 
Alexandra  Matthews... Third  child  and  first  daughter 
to  Robert  J.  Hackett  Jr.  B.S.E.  '97  and  Mary 
Ruth  Hackett  on  Aug.  2 1 ,  2008.  Named  Ella  Grace . . . 
First  child  and  daughter  to  Loral  Reed  Hunt  '97 
and  Howard  Hunt  Jr.  on  July  15,  2008.  Named  Reed 
Adair... First  child  and  daughter  to  Alicia 

Freimuth  Madan  '97  and  Raminder  S.  Madan 

'95  on  Nov.  22,  2008.  Named  Kira  Frances...  First 
child  and  son  to  Abigail  Huggins  Mowinski  '97 
and  Todd  Mowinski  on  July  8,  2008.  Named  Nathan 
Alexander... First  child  and  daughter  to  Katherine 
Delsman  Robinson  '97  and  Todd  A.  Rose  on  July 
29,  2008.  Named  Caroline  Rachel  Rose... Third  child 
and  daughter  to  Julie  Walden  Rogers  '97,  J.D. 
'04  and  Bret  A.  Rogers  B.S.E.  '97  on  Aug.  13, 
2008.  Named  Kelsey  Bryce. . .Third  child  and  second 

daughter  to  Ron  Attar  '98  and  Melissa  Igdaloff 

Attar  '95,  J.D.  '98  on  July  14,  2006.  Named  Emily 


his  is  how  Kendall  Rileigh 
summons  a  character:  She 
begins  with  the  music,  some- 
thing evocative-Debussy's 
Syrinx  for  solo  flute. 

Then,  she  overlays  the  image:  the 
languid  nymph,  reclining  feather- 
light  on  the  tendrils  of  a  flower.  And 
last,  when  the  scene  is  set,  she  begins 
to  move:  through  the  stretches,  the 
cartwheels,  the  back  flips,  infusing 
them  with  something  otherworldly, 
the  casual  fluidity  of  enchantment. 
She  does  this  so  that,  standing 
just  offstage  at  Manhattan's  Theater 
Ten  Ten  one  chilly  night  in  late  De- 
cember, waiting  for  the  storm  to  sub- 
side, the  pleas  of  this  character  run- 
ning through  her  head-/ef  me  re- 
memberthee  what  thou  hast  prom- 
ised, I  Which  is  not  yet  performed 
me-the  words  are  her  words,  the 
words  of  Shakespeare's  Ariel,  all 
flame  and  ether  and  amorous  magic. 
But  a  night  like  this  was  far  from 
inevitable.  When  Rileigh  arrived  at 
Duke  in  the  fall  of  1998,  she  had 
never  even  seen  a  play,  not  until  the 
night  Tom  Stoppard's  Arcadia  arrest- 
ed and  set  its  hooks  in  her.  The  fol- 
lowing spring,  she  took  an  introduc- 
tory performance  class  with  former 
faculty  member  Christine  Morris  (now 
at  UNC-Greensboro),  who  became  a 
mentor,  and  on  the  strength  of  that 
experience  took  another  and  another 
and  another.  She  auditioned  for  a 


student  production  of  Aaron  Sorkin's 
Hidden  in  This  Picture,  not  even 
knowing  she  was  supposed  to  pre- 
pare a  monologue,  but  ended  up 
being  cast  anyway. 

More  plays  followed:  Don  Juan, 
Our  Country's  Good,  The  Changeling. 
She  declared  a  drama  major.  She 
took  up  playwriting. 

She  declared  a  second  major. 
Psychology.  Traveled  to  London  in  the 
summer  of  2001  to  interview 
Holocaust  survivors,  to  learn  what 
inner  resources  had  seen  them 
through.  Their  coping  mechanisms- 
faith,  humor,  ability  to  dissociate— 
became  the  subjects  of  her  thesis. 
Their  stories,  in  all  their  harrowing 
power,  became  the  subject  of  her 
first  full-length  play,  Typhus  Vision 
Two,  staged  in  2003  as  part  of  a  Duke 
series,  The  Arts  in  Times  of  War. 

She  learned  that  she  loved  prepa- 
ration even  more  than  performance, 
the  discovery  that  happens  in  the 
process  of  rehearsal.  She  learned  to 
step  outside  herself  and  question 
motivations,  to  see  the  possibilities 
inherent  in  each  moment,  each 
action.  "For  me,"  she  says,  "the 
appeal  of  theater  is  the  discovery 
that  happens  during  rehearsal." 

She  graduated  with  her  sights  set 
on  acting.  Over  the  next  four  years, 
she  worked  with  theater  companies 
throughout  the  Triangle  doing 
Shakespeare  and  Chekhov.  She  wrote 


a  one-act  play,  Marginalia,  which  has 
been  widely  produced.  As  a  favor  to  a 
producer  friend,  she  spent  three  days 
in  New  York,  taking  care  of  adminis- 
trative duties  while  the  friend  staged 
a  reading.  The  producer  introduced 
her  to  director  Bob  Kalfin,  who  was 
looking  for  an  Irish  girl  to  cast  in  his 
production  of  The  Melting  Pot.  "I  had 
to  tell  him,"  she  says,  "I  don't  actual- 
ly live  in  New  York." 

She  got  the  part.  Deciding  to  test 
the  waters,  she  packed  up  in  less 
than  a  week  and  hurriedly  found  an 
apartment.  After  the  show  finished 
its  run,  she  briefly  returned  to  North 
Carolina,  but  within  two  months  had 
moved  to  New  York  for  good. 

That  was  two  years  and  some  fif- 
teen productions  ago.  At  the  end  of 
that  December  evening,  Rileigh  was 
already  preparing  for  the  next  day's 
rehearsals  with  Theatre  of  the  Expend- 
able, where  she  would  be  Olga  in 
Chekhov's  The  Three  Sisters.  There  was 
music  for  that  role,  too— Kansas' 
"Dust  in  the  Wind"— and  a  pencil  draw- 
ing of  her  own,  in  which  the  young 
woman  is  seen  hooded,  weeping. 

She,  too,  would  be  summoned. 
Soon  enough.  Another  night,  another 
stage,  another  life,  another  voice. 


Pearson  is  a  post-doctoral  researcher 
in  the  department  of  neurobiology 
at  Duke. 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     March-April  200 


Igdaloff... First  child  and  daughter  to  Daniel  P. 
Napierski  '98  and  Kelly  Napierski  on  Aug.  21, 
2008.  Named  McKenna  Shea. .  .First  child  and  son  to 

Hillary  Holmes  Archer  '99  and  Matthew  R. 

Archer  on  July  11,  2008.  Named  Jack  Hayden... First 
child  and  son  to  Tynesia  S.  Boyea-Robinson 
B.S.E.  '99  and  Walter  K.  Robinson  B.S.E.  '99, 
J.D.  '04  on  Nov.  16,  2007.  Named  Dylan  Anson 
Miles  Robinson... First  child  and  son  to  Susan 
Elaine  Brown  '99  and  Peter  B.  Liao  on  Aug.  15, 
2008.  Named  John  Winston  Liao. .  .Twins,  first  chil- 
dren and  daughters,  to  Jason  G.  Darling  B.S.E. 
99,  MBA.  06  and  Megan  Bahler  Darling 
M.B.A.  '06  on  Aug.  5,  2008.  Named  Cameron  James 
and  Isabel  Clare... First  child  and  daughter  to  Amy 
Green  Goldsmith  '99  and  Scott  Goldsmith  on 
April  24,  2008.  Named  Olivia  Paige... Second  child 
and  first  son  to  Nicole  Stewart  Maddox  '99  and 
Stephen  Maddox  on  June  23,  2008.  Named  Bryce 
Joshua... First  child  and  daughter  to  Kristen  Hen- 

dren  Magee  '99  and  Matthew  Scott  Magee 

B.S.E.  '99  on  June  1 1 ,  2008.  Named  Julia  Anne. 


2000s 

Priya  Ramaswami  B.S.E.  '01  received  her  Ph.D. 

in  bioengineering  from  the  University  of  Pittsburgh. 
Her  dissertation  was  titled  "Controlled  Release  from 
a  Biodegradable  Elastomer  for  Applications  in  Cardio- 
vascular Regenerative  Medicine."  She  is  a  postdoc- 
toral fellow  at  the  Georgia  Institute  of  Technology. 

Theresa  E.  PancottO  '02  is  a  neurology  resident 
at  the  Virginia-Maryland  Regional  College  of 
Veterinary  Medicine. 


Jeffrey  S.  Vitter  M.B.A.  '02  was  named 
provost  and  executive  vice  president  for  academics 
by  the  board  of  regents  of  the  Texas  A&M  University 
System. 


April  17-19 

Scott  J.  Goldstein  J.D.  '04  joined  the  Newark, 
N.J.,  law  firm  of  Greenberg  Dauber  Epstein  &  Tucker 
as  an  associate.  He  lives  in  Randolph,  N.J. 

John  G.  Nejman  '06  joined  the  faculty  of  The 
Pennington  School,  an  independent  coeducational 
school  in  Pennington,  N.J.  He  is  a  residential  faculty 
member  and  teaches  chemistry  and  forensics. 

Andrew  R.  Schmidt  B.S.E.  '06  was  promoted  to 
consultant  at  Mars  &  Co.,  a  management-consulting 
firm  specializing  in  business  strategy  in  Greenwich, 
Conn.  He  lives  in  Stamford,  Conn. 

Canessa  Lockhart  Stafford  M.Div.  06  has 

been  ordained  a  minister  of  Word  and  Sacrament  by 
the  Salem  Presbytery  and  installed  as  pastor  of 
Bethesda  Presbyterian  Church  in  Statesville,  N.C 

Grant  A.  Ramsey  Ph.D.  '07  is  an  assistant 

professor  of  philosophy  at  the  University  of  Notre 
Dame.  The  university  sponsored  an  exhibition  of  his 
photographs  from  Nicaragua  this  past  November. 

Mary  Clare  Bohnett  '08  is  working  as  an  out- 
reach and  education  associate  at  Johnson  Creek 
Watershed  Council  in  Portland,  Ore.  She  is  a  volun- 
teer with  the  Jesuit  Volunteer  Corps. 

Jeptha  T.  Johnson  '08  is  enrolled  at  the  Uni- 
formed Services  University  of  the  Health  Sciences  in 
Bethesda,  Md.  The  university  is  the  nation's  only 


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fully  accredited  federal  school  of  medicine  and  gradu- 
ate school  of  nursing. 

MARRIAGES:  Terry  J.  Rains  '01  to  Melissa  H. 
Ingram  on  Aug.  30,  2008.  Residence:  New  York... 
Priya  Ramaswami  B.S.E.  '01  to  Andrew  Paul 
Baraniak  Ph.D.  '06  on  Aug.  21,  2008.  Residence: 
Atlanta... Joshua  I.  Broosky  '02  to  Kim  Enoch 
on  Aug.  28,  2008.  Residence:  New  York...Marko 
Djuranovic  02  to  Grace  Strahan  Lockhart 
'03  on  May  31,  2008.  Residence:  New  York.. .Sarah 
E.  Wigfall  '02  to  Bedford  Cash  II  on  Aug.  8,  2008. 
Residence:  Atlanta... Jacob  Dagger  '03  to  Kelly 
Margolis  on  Dec.  27,  2008.  Residence:  Berkeley, 

Calif...  Leah  Kinlaw  03  to  Peter  Vaccarella 
'03  on  June  7,  2008.  Residence:  Cincinnati...  Grace 
Strahan  Lockhart  03  to  Marko  Djuranovic 
'02  on  May  31,  2008.  Residence:  New  York... 
Andrew  Paul  Baraniak  Ph.D.  06  to  Priya 
Ramaswami  B.S.E.  '01  on  Aug.  21,  2008. 
Residence:  Atlanta. ..Elizabeth  Edwards  Smith 
07  to  Steven  Michael  Lattanzio  II  B.S.E.  08 
on  May  18,  2008.  Residence:  Durham. 

BIRTHS:  Third  child  and  son  to  Monica  G. 
DeMatos  M.S.N.  '00,  PMC  '01  and  Pierre 
DeMatOS  H.S.  '01  on  April  3,  2008.  Named 
Andrew  Grant... First  child  and  daughter  to  Eric  S. 
Gordon  '00  and  Carrie  K.  Gordon  on  April  1,  2008. 
Named  Gabrielle  Dara. .  .First  child  and  son  to 

Arnaud  Karsenti  B.S.E.  00  and  Rebecca 

Strassberg  Karsenti  '00  on  Aug.  8,  2008.  Named 
Gabriel  Sebastian... Twins,  first  children  and  sons  to 
Carl  R.  Knerr  '01  and  Hala  Abdul-Rasool  on  Oct. 
1,  2008.  Named  Mazen  Carl  Abdul-Knerr  and  Taj 
Robert  Abdul-Knerr. .  .First  child  and  daughter  to 

Alexandrea  Haskell  Young  01  and  Kent  Tai- 

Lung  Young  B.S.E.  '01  on  June  22,  2008.  Named 
Great  Mei... First  child  and  daughter  to  Yixin  Gu 
'02  and  Johnny  Huang  '02  on  Aug.  28,  2008. 
Named  Ariel  Yi-Wen  Huang. .  .First  child  and  daugh- 
ter to  Anna  Layton  Sharp  02  and  Brad  Sharp 
'02  on  May  5,  2008.  Named  Alexandra  Olivia.  ..First 
child  and  daughter  to  Carol  Tootelian  McCoy 
B.S.N.  '03  and  Darell  McCoy  on  March  26,  2008. 
Named  Charlotte  Beth. . .First  child  and  daughter  to 

Elizabeth  Boswell  Falke  04  and  Kurt  Thomas 

Falke  '05  on  Sept.  14,  2008.  Named  Georgia 
Peyton. .  .Twins,  first  children  and  daughters,  to 
Megan  Bahler  Darling  M.B.A.  06  and  Jason 
G.  Darling  B.S.E.  '99,  M.B.A.  '06  on  Aug.  5,  2008. 
Named  Cameron  James  and  Isabel  Clare. 


Deaths 


CORRECTION  Levi  Beckwith  M.B.A.  '82  was  mistak- 
enly reported  as  deceased  in  the  July-August  2007 
issue.  He  is  an  assistant  professor  in  the  business  and 
public-administration  department  at  Shaw  Univer- 
sity in  Raleigh.  Duke  Magazine  regrets  the  error. 

Tucie  Phelps  Vaughan  32  of  Ahoskie,  N.C, 

on  July  21,  2008.  Along  with  her  husband,  Craig,  she 
co-founded  several  local  businesses  including 
Ahoskie  Fish  and  Produce  Co-op,  the  Tomahawk 
Restaurant,  and  Tomahawk  Motel.  She  is  survived 
by  a  son,  a  daughter,  three  granddaughters,  and  a 
great-granddaughter. 

Thomas  W.  States  '33  of  Newland,  N.C,  on 
March  8,  2008.  While  at  Duke,  he  played  in  the 
Duke  marching  band  and  was  a  member  of  the  Delta 
Tau  Delta  fraternity. 

Carl  A.  Marcks  B.S.M.E.  '34  of  Spring  Hill,  Fla, 
on  Aug.  6,  2008.  He  served  as  a  Navy  officer  in  the 


■.dukemaga:ine.  duke.edu 


Atlantic  fleet  during  World  War  II.  After  the  war,  he 
joined  the  Naval  Air  Systems  Command  and  dedi- 
cated the  next  30  years  to  developing  air-sea  rescue 
systems.  He  was  a  recipient  of  the  Navy  Superior 
Civilian  Service  award,  the  second-highest  award 
presented  to  government  employees.  He  is  survived 
by  his  wife,  Mayme;  two  sons;  a  daughter;  six  grand- 
children; and  four  great-grandchildren. 

Thelma  Mewborn  Smith  '35  of  Robersonville, 
N.C.,  on  June  23,  2008.  In  1938,  she  moved  to 
Robersonville  to  teach  English  and  history  at 
Robersonville  High  School.  In  addition  to  her  work 
in  the  community,  she  wrote  a  history  of  Roberson- 
ville Public  Schools  and  a  book  of  poetry.  She  is  sur- 
vived by  three  daughters;  three  sisters,  including 
Alma  Mewborn  Herb  '35;  two  brothers;  six 
grandchildren;  and  six  great-grandchildren. 

Carl  W.  Haley  B.D.  '36  of  Roanoke,  Va.,  on  Aug. 
30,  2008.  At  the  age  of  16,  he  enrolled  in  Emory  and 
Henry  College  and  graduated  cum  laude  four  years 
later.  He  was  a  minister  in  the  Virginia  United 
Methodist  Conference  for  more  than  50  years  and 
was  on  the  board  of  trustees  of  Virginia  Wesleyan 
College  from  its  inception.  In  1971,  President 
Richard  M.  Nixon  LL.B.  '37,  one  of  his  former  house- 
mates at  Duke,  invited  him  to  deliver  a  sermon  at  the 
White  House.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Margaret;  a 
son;  a  daughter;  two  sisters;  and  five  grandchildren. 
Walter  A.  Cosgrove  '37  of  Sewickley,  Pa.,  on 
Aug.  14,  2007.  He  retired  in  2005  from  Ethyl  Corp.,  a 
fuel-additive  company  in  Richmond,  Va.,  where  he  was 

ter,  five  grandchildren,  and  seven  great-grandchildren. 

Elizabeth  Small  Davis  '37  of  Kearsarge,  N.H.,  on 
July  6,  2008.  During  World  War  II,  she  worked  to 
coordinate  metal  salvage  programs  for  the  office  of  the 
governor  of  New  Hampshire.  For  many  years  she  worked 
as  a  floral  designer  for  Stilphen's  Wildwood  Gardens. 
She  was  president  of  her  local  chapter  of  AARP  and 
worked  with  the  legislature  for  rights  for  the  elderly. 
She  is  survived  by  her  daughter  and  a  grandson. 

Carl  C.  Huiskamp  '37  of  Keokuk,  Iowa,  on  July  7, 
2008.  He  served  in  the  Navy  during  World  War  II. 
He  worked  in  the  investment  trust  business  for  25 
years  and  in  farm  management  for  20  years.  Active  in 
his  community,  he  served  on  several  local  boards  and 
helped  raise  funds  to  build  the  Keokuk  Public  Library. 
He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Lucille;  three  daughters;  a 
son;  12  grandchildren;  19  great-grandchildren;  and 
six  great-great-grandchildren. 

J.  Coyne  O'Brien  '37  of  Rochester,  N.Y.,  on  Aug. 
6,  2008.  He  was  a  lawyer  for  the  aircraft  company 
Curtiss- Wright  Corp.  before  being  drafted  into  the 
Army  during  World  War  II.  He  went  on  to  cofound 
the  firm  Allen  and  O'Brien,  where  he  practiced  law 
for  67  years.  For  seven  years,  he  wrote  a  column  for  a 
local  legal  newspaper,  The  Daily  Record,  about  his 
experiences  as  a  lawyer.  He  is  survived  by  a  son,  four 
daughters,  a  brother,  14  grandchildren,  and  five 
great-grandchildren. 

William  T.  Going  A.M.  '38  of  Chicago,  on  Sept. 
6,  2008.  He  was  the  first  academic  dean  of  Southern 
Illinois  University-Edwardsville  and  also  served  as  a 
professor  of  English  language  and  literature.  An  ex- 
pert on  Victorian  and  American  literature,  he  wrote 
four  books  and  more  than  fifty  essays  on  the  topics. 
He  retired  as  dean  emeritus  and  professor  emeritus. 

Arthur  B.  Rouse  Jr.  '38  of  Lexington,  Ky.,  on  July 
29,  2008.  Upon  graduating  from  the  University  of 
Kentucky  law  school  in  1941,  he  was  appointed  as  a 
special  agent  of  the  FBI  and  served  as  an  officer  in 


the  Navy  during  World  War  II.  He  practiced  law  in 
Lexington  from  1948  until  his  retirement  in  2000. 
He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Joan;  a  son;  two  daughters; 
and  five  grandchildren. 

Mary  Council  White  '38  of  Durham,  on  Aug.  6, 
2008.  She  was  a  member  of  Alpha  Delta  Pi  sorority, 
Junior  League  of  Durham  and  Orange  Counties,  and 
the  Debutante  Ball  Society  of  Durham.  She  is  sur- 
vived by  two  sons,  a  daughter,  eight  grandchildren, 
and  five  great-grandchildren. 

Jennelle  Yarbrough  Manning  '40  of  Tiger, 

Ga.,  on  July  14,  2008.  She  is  survived  by  a  daughter, 
a  son,  a  sister,  four  grandchildren,  and  five  great- 
grandchildren. 

Alice  Sims  M.Ed.  '40  of  Valdosta,  Ga.,  on  June  18, 
2008.  She  worked  with  school  systems  for  25  years 
and  spent  all  but  two  years  of  her  career  in  Madison 
County,  Ga.  She  is  survived  by  a  sister  and  a  brother. 

Emma  Harmon  Cromartie  '41  of  Miami,  on 
Aug.  22,  2008.  She  and  her  husband  began  publish- 
ing the  Lincolnshire  News  in  1957  in  Lincolnshire,  111. 
In  1974,  they  retired  to  Key  Biscayne,  Fla.  She  is  sur- 
vived by  her  husband,  Richard  L.  Cromartie  '42; 
two  daughters;  four  grandchildren;  and  two  great- 
granddaughters. 

Howard  C.  Duckett  '41,  M.D.  '44  of  Jacksonville, 
Fla.,  on  Aug.  25,  2008.  After  earning  his  medical 
degree,  he  studied  at  the  University  of  Minnesota 
and  the  University  of  Vienna.  He  later  returned  to 
Duke  as  a  resident  and  instructor  in  obstetrics  and 
gynecology,  pathology,  endocrinology,  and  infertility. 
During  World  War  II,  he  served  in  Europe  as  a  cap- 
tain in  the  Army  Medical  Corps.  He  practiced  at 
Riverside  Hospital  for  32  years  and  was  chair  of  the 
ob-gyn  department  and  president  of  the  medical  staff. 
He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Mary  Lou,  and  a  son. 

Marjorie  Byrd  Kishpaugh  Pool  '41  of 

Mechanicsburg,  Pa.,  on  June  14,  2008.  She  joined 
the  medical  staff  at  the  former  Polyclinic  Hospital  in 
Harrisburg,  Pa.,  in  1948.  In  1953,  she  began  working 
as  courtesy  staff  at  the  hospital,  where  she  remained 
until  her  retirement  in  1979.  In  addition  to  her  work, 
she  volunteered  at  the  Polyclinic  Pediatric  Clinic 
and  the  City  of  Harrisburg  Well-Baby  Clinic.  She  is 
survived  by  three  sons,  a  sister,  and  six  grandchildren. 

Evelyn  Cann  Siegel  '41  of  Newark,  Ohio,  on 

July  3,  2008.  She  and  her  husband  owned  and  operat- 
ed Merchant  Motors,  a  Chrysler  dealership,  for  many 
years.  They  also  owned  and  operated  the  National 
Car  Rental  franchise  in  Heath,  Ohio.  She  is  survived 
by  her  husband,  Howard;  two  sons;  a  brother;  five 
grandchildren;  and  five  great-grandchildren. 

Margaret  Spruill  Smith  '41  of  Lexington,  N.C., 
on  Aug.  6,  2008.  Following  her  graduation  from  Duke, 
she  taught  fourth  grade  in  the  Winston-Salem  school 
system.  She  was  a  lifetime  member  of  First  United 
Methodist  Church,  serving  as  Sunday  school  superin- 
tendent, on  the  Administrative  Board  and  Altar 
Guild,  and  as  circle  chairwoman.  She  is  survived  by 
her  husband,  David;  a  son;  a  daughter;  two  sisters; 
seven  grandchildren;  and  three  great-grandchildren. 

Mary  Whyte  Stocks  '41  of  Minneapolis,  on 

July  11,  2008.  While  at  Duke,  she  was  a  member  of 
Zeta  Tau  Alpha  sorority.  She  was  actively  involved  in 
the  community  and  retired  to  Scottsdale,  Ariz.  She  is 
survived  by  a  daughter,  a  son,  and  two  granddaughters. 

Elizabeth  Peach  Auf hammer  '42  of  Mitchell- 
ville,  Md.,  on  July  3 1 ,  2008.  At  Duke,  she  was  selected 
to  the  Order  of  the  White  Duchy.  Following  gradua- 
tion, she  worked  as  an  administrative  assistant  at  the 


Kaiser  Steel  Co.  Devoted  to  children's  education,  she 
worked  for  42  years  as  a  teacher  and  board  member  at 
Westminster  Academy,  a  Christian  elementary 
school.  She  is  survived  by  her  husband,  Robert 
Aufhammer  '42;  a  daughter;  three  sons;  13  grand- 
children; and  a  great-grandson. 

James  A.  Fisher  Jr.  '42  of  Bryn  Mawr,  Pa.,  on 
Aug.  3,  2008.  At  Duke,  he  was  a  member  of  the  V-12 
program  and  Phi  Delta  Theta  fraternity.  He  is  survived 
by  his  wife,  Margaret;  two  sons;  three  daughters;  two 
sisters;  12  grandchildren;  and  a  great-grandchild. 

5.  Wilfred  Hahn  A.M.  '42,  Ph.D.  '48  of 
Springfield,  Ohio,  on  July  31,  2008.  During  World 
War  II,  he  served  in  the  Navy  and  earned  a  Bronze 
Star.  He  served  part  time  with  the  Navy  Reserve  for 
20  years.  After  several  teaching  appointments,  he 
became  a  professor  at  Wittenberg  College  in 
Springfield,  where  he  stayed  for  23  years.  He  was  the 
first  mathematician  from  Ohio  to  receive  the 
Mathematical  Association  of  America's  Certificate 
for  Distinguished  Service.  He  is  survived  by  two  sons, 
a  daughter,  and  five  grandchildren. 

Patricia  Read  Heath  '42  of  Ponte  Vedra  Beach, 

Fla.,  on  Aug.  21,  2008.  She  was  active  in  her  commu- 
nity and  played  golf  and  tennis.  She  is  survived  by 
two  sons,  including  Peter  R.  Heath  '71;  four 
grandchildren;  a  sister,  Cynthia  Read  McMorries 
'45;  a  niece,  Melissa  Eliot  McMorries  '73;  and 
two  great-grandchildren. 

Robert  K.  Rouse  '42  of  Daytona  Beach,  Fla.,  on 
June  7,  2008.  A  World  War  II  Navy  veteran,  he 
returned  to  Lexington,  Ky.,  after  the  war  and  was 
president  of  the  Lexington  Exchange  Club  and  dis- 
trict governor  for  Eastern  Kentucky.  After  moving  to 
Daytona  Beach,  he  and  his  wife,  Luane,  owned  and 
operated  The  Crow's  Nest  Gift  Shop  for  16  years.  He 
is  survived  by  two  sons,  two  daughters,  a  brother,  six 
grandchildren,  and  two  great-grandchildren. 

John  P.  Snyder  '42  of  Churchville,  N.Y.,  on  July 

6,  2008.  He  graduated  from  Duke  with  a  major  in 
economics  and  served  as  a  naval  officer  during  World 
War  II.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Doris,  and  a  son. 

Dorothy  Stivers  Whitman  '42  of  Miami,  on 

Sept.  8,  2008.  At  Duke,  she  was  a  member  of  the 
women's  basketball  team  and  president  of  Zeta  Tau 
Alpha  sorority.  She  devoted  her  life  to  her  family 
and  to  community  service,  volunteering  at  the 
Miami  Shores  Presbyterian  Church  for  more  than 
20  years.  She  is  survived  by  her  husband,  Stanley 
F.  Whitman  '40;  a  son;  a  daughter;  a  sister,  Marilyn 
Stivers  Empey  '49;  four  grandchildren;  and  a 
great-grandson. 

Henrietta  Elizabeth  Bowne  "Honey"  Dame 

'43  of  Richland,  Wash.,  on  Aug.  24,  2008.  After 
graduating,  she  went  to  work  in  the  War  Production 
Office.  She  later  served  as  a  Girl  Scout  leader,  Pan- 
hellenic  president,  and  a  member  of  the  Daughters  of 
the  American  Revolution.  She  is  survived  by  three 
daughters,  including  Suzanne  Dame  Lowd  '69 
and  Dianne  Dame  Macduff  '69;  10  grandchil- 
dren; and  16  great-grandchildren. 

John  Graves  '43  of  Wilson,  N.C.,  on  Jan.  5,  2009. 
He  was  drafted  into  the  Army  during  World  War  II 
and  advanced  in  rank  from  private  to  captain  by  the 
war's  end.  He  then  returned  to  Wilson  and  worked 
for  51  years  on  the  family  farm.  Additionally,  he 
served  on  the  board  of  BB&T  for  34  years.  He  is 
survived  by  his  wife,  Elizabeth;  three  daughters, 
Leslie  Ann  Graves  '80,  Elizabeth  Farmer 
Graves  '89,  and  Jane  Graves  Hardesty  '91;  a 
son,  Loyd  Wells  Graves  M.B.A.  '94;  eight  grand- 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     March-April  2009         75 


children;  two  nieces,  Nancy  Graves  Osborne 
79  and  Gladys  Perkinson  Hershey  '86;  and 
two  nephews,  Thomas  W.  Graves  Jr.  '62  and 
William  T.  Graves  Sr.  '67. 

Raymond  M.  Milton  '43  of  Dallas,  on  July  iO, 
2008.  After  graduating  from  Duke,  he  served  as  a 
captain  in  the  South  Pacific  with  the  Marine  Corps 
during  World  War  II  and  earned  two  Purple  Hearts. 
He  moved  to  Dallas  in  1950  and  worked  in  the  steel 
business  in  management  and  sales  until  his  retire- 
ment in  1985.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Genia;  a 
daughter;  a  son;  and  a  granddaughter. 

J.  Maxwell  Moore  '43  of  Charlotte,  on  June  17, 
2008.  He  was  a  lieutenant  commander  in  the  Naval 
Air  Force  during  World  War  11,  serving  in  the  same 
squadron  as  former  President  George  H.W.  Bush, 
who  became  his  lifelong  friend.  He  is  survived  by  a 
daughter  and  two  grandchildren. 

Joseph  H.  Geary  '44  of  Kingston,  R.I.,  on  June 
11,  2008.  A  World  War  II  Army  veteran,  he  was  the 
owner  of  the  Ben  Franklin  Store  in  Warwick,  R.I.,  for 
32  years  before  his  retirement.  He  is  survived  by  his 
wife,  Helen;  two  sons;  a  sister;  and  two  grandsons. 

Archibald  Nock  Mcintosh  M.D.  '44  of  Marion, 
N.C.,  on  July  4,  2008.  He  served  as  a  medical  officer 
in  the  Army  Medical  Corps  during  World  War  II. 
After  the  war,  he  began  his  medical  career  in  practice 
with  his  father  and  brother.  He  served  in  all  major 
staff  capacities  during  his  50-year  association  with  the 
local  Marion  General  Hospital  and,  later,  McDowell 
Hospital.  He  is  survived  by  a  daughter,  three  sons, 
10  grandchildren,  and  two  great-grandsons. 

Marshall  Staton  '44  of  Myrtle  Beach,  S.C.,  on 
July  27,  2008.  He  served  in  the  Navy  during  World 
War  II  and  went  on  to  receive  a  B.S.  in  engineering 
from  Clemson  University  and  a  master's  degree 
from  UNC-CH.  He  was  director  of  the  Sanitary 
Engineering  Division  for  the  state  of  North  Carolina 
and  later  worked  in  the  engineering  firm  of  Pierson 
and  Whitman  in  Raleigh.  He  is  survived  by  a  son,  a 
sister,  and  two  grandsons. 

Charles  C.  Braswell  B.S.M.E.  '45  of  Cary,  N.C., 
on  Aug.  26,  2008.  In  1988,  he  retired  from  N.C. 
State  University  as  director  of  the  physical  plant. 
Previously,  he  was  physical  plant  director  at 
Appalachian  State  University.  He  is  survived  by 
his  wife,  Julia;  four  daughters;  a  brother;  seven  grand- 
children; six  great-grandchildren;  and  a  niece,  Iris 
Braswell  Moore  '80. 

David  W.  Dennis  '45  of  Bradford,  Pa.,  on  Aug.  23, 
2008.  He  served  in  the  Army  during  World  War  II 
and  spent  six  months  as  a  prisoner  of  war  in  Ger- 
many. He  received  the  Bronze  Star  and  the  Purple 
Heart  for  his  military  service.  He  graduated  from  the 
University  of  Colorado  and  worked  in  the  banking 
and  insurance  industries.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife, 
Patricia;  a  daughter;  two  sons;  and  five  grandchildren. 

William  B.  Jones  '45,  M.D.  '52  of  Mountain 
Brook,  Ala.,  on  Sept.  3,  2008.  After  serving  in  the 
Pacific  theater  during  World  War  II,  he  returned  to 
Duke  for  his  medical  degree  and  went  on  to  become  a 
fellow  of  the  American  College  of  Physicians,  the 
American  College  of  Cardiology,  and  the  American 
Heart  Association.  He  was  invited  to  lecture  on  arte- 
rial catheterization  at  the  Cleveland  Clinic.  He  later 
accepted  a  position  with  Cardiovascular  Associates, 
where  he  worked  until  his  retirement.  He  is  survived 
by  a  daughter  and  a  son. 

Doreen  V.  Walker  Legg  '45  of  Surprise,  Ariz., 
on  June  23,  2008.  She  graduated  from  Duke  with  a 


major  in  English,  and  retired  from  the  Lee  County, 
Fla.,  board  of  education  as  a  school  psychologist. 

Robert  Y.  Lilly  '45  of  Fairfax  Station,  Va.,  on 
Aug.  27,  2006.  His  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Martha; 
three  daughters;  four  sons;  and  a  sister. 

Nancye  Tall  Swanson  '45  of  Salem,  Va.,  on  Aug.  3, 
2008.  During  World  War  II,  she  worked  at  the  Treasury 
Department  in  Washington,  DC.  She  retired  from 
her  banking  career  as  the  manager  of  the  Frewsburg, 
N.Y.,  branch  of  Chase  Manhattan  Bank.  She  is  sur- 
vived by  a  son,  a  daughter,  and  three  grandchildren. 

Leroy  H.  Keeler  Jr.  '46  of  Philadelphia,  on  June 
28,  2008.  He  served  as  a  corporal  in  the  Army  during 
World  War  II  and  earned  a  Bronze  Star  for  his  service 
at  the  Battle  of  the  Bulge.  For  over  30  years,  he  was 
president  and  owner  of  Lee  Keeler  Inc.,  an  advertis- 
ing agency.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Helen;  a  son, 
Leroy  H.  Keeler  III  '74;  a  daughter;  a  brother;  and 
two  grandchildren. 

Barbara  Gosford  Kinder '46  of  PonteVedra, 

Fla.,  on  July  19,  2008.  After  graduation,  she  worked 
at  Lederle  Labs  and  the  William  R.  Warner  Thera- 
peutic Institute  in  New  York.  After  relocating  to 
Titusville,  Pa.,  she  served  on  the  board  of  the  local 
YMCA,  as  president  of  the  Service  League,  and  as 
president  of  Friends  of  the  Library.  She  is  survived  by 
two  sons,  a  daughter,  and  six  grandchildren. 

Elizabeth  Bispham  Albright  N  '47  of  Apollo 
Beach,  Fla.,  on  July  1 1 ,  2008.  She  began  her  career  as 
a  public-health  nurse  and  served  as  an  ensign  in  the 
Navy  Nurse  Corps.  She  is  survived  by  her  husband, 
Glenn;  a  daughter;  a  son;  and  three  grandchildren. 

Robert  D.  Buzzard  '47  of  San  Diego,  on  July  13, 
2008.  At  Duke,  he  was  a  member  of  the  Duke  Players 
and  the  NROTC.  Later,  he  earned  an  M.S.  in  electri- 
cal engineering  from  MIT. 

Henry  Carter  Foss  LL.M.  '47  of  Hilton  Head, 
S.C.,  on  July  26,  2008.  After  graduating  in  1939  from 
Tulane  University,  he  enrolled  in  Tulane  Law  School 
and  graduated  in  1943.  He  was  called  to  active  duty 
with  the  Army  Air  Corps  in  1944  and  served  as  a  sec- 
ond lieutenant  in  intelligence  and  as  a  legal  officer, 
and  was  sent  to  Yale  to  study  aviation  photography. 
After  graduating  from  Duke,  he  returned  to  New 
Orleans  and  formed  the  law  firm  of  Foss  and  Tillman. 
During  the  Korean  War,  he  set  up  the  Petroleum 
Administration  for  Defense  and,  in  1953,  returned  to 
private  practice.  In  1964,  he  rejoined  the  govern- 
ment until  his  retirement  from  the  Army  Material 
Command  in  1989.  He  is  survived  by  a  son,  three 
daughters,  and  five  grandchildren. 

Shirley  Wisebram  Aronin  '48  of  Atlanta,  on 

June  20,  2008.  She  worked  for  Carson  Guest,  an 
interior  design  company,  until  her  retirement.  She  is 
survived  by  a  son,  a  daughter,  a  brother,  and  three 
granddaughters. 

Jeannette  Horton  Hollar  P.T.  Cert.  '48  of  San 
Antonio,  on  June  25,  2008.  She  and  her  husband 
danced  with  the  Dancing  Duets  Round  Dance  Club  and 
Bexar  Squares  Square  Dance  Club.  She  is  survived  by 
her  husband,  Homer  C.  Hollar  '50;  a  daughter;  a 
son;  four  grandchildren;  and  a  great-grandchild. 

Dorothy  Dunson  Jordan  '48  of  Rome,  Ga.,  on 
July  14,  2008.  She  taught  elementary  school,  high- 
school  English,  and  journalism  classes  in  Virginia 
and  Georgia,  and  also  sold  real  estate.  She  is  survived 
by  two  sons;  a  daughter,  Nancy  J.  Ham  '82;  two 
brothers,  including  Sanford  A.  Dunson  '50;  and 
a  granddaughter. 

Emily  Camp  Kelley  '48  of  Hilton  Head,  S.C.,  on 


July  25,  2008.  While  living  in  Winston-Salem,  she 
owned  and  operated  the  Old  World  Gift  Shop.  She 
was  a  devotee  of  the  arts  and  volunteered  with  the 
Beaufort  Historical  Association.  She  is  survived  by  a 
daughter,  a  son,  a  sister,  and  a  granddaughter. 

Louis  M.  Mesce  B.S.M.E.  '48  of  Tequesta,  Fla., 
on  June  9,  2008.  He  was  a  Navy  World  War  II  veter- 
an. For  most  of  his  career,  he  was  a  self-employed 
mechanical  engineer.  In  1988,  he  retired  from  Atmos 
Engineering.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Louise;  two 
daughters;  a  son;  a  sister;  and  four  grandchildren. 

Kenneth  T.  Williams  '48,  M.D.  '54  of  Anderson, 
S.C.,  on  July  3,  2008.  He  was  a  co-founder  of  the 
Surgical  Clinic  of  Anderson  and  former  president 
of  the  South  Carolina  Thoracic  Surgery  Group. 
He  was  an  Army  veteran.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife, 

Jeanne  Vashaw  Williams  R.N.  '53;  three 

daughters;  six  grandchildren;  and  a  cousin,  William 
H.  Trotter  Jr.  '78. 

Stanley  O.  Kelley  '49  of  Hilton  Head,  S.C,  on 
April  30,  2008.  He  was  a  decorated  war  veteran.  He 
is  survived  by  a  daughter,  a  son,  and  a  granddaughter. 

William  S.  Lawton  B.S.C.E.  '49  of  Richmond,  Va., 
on  June  1,  2008.  He  built  homes  in  Florida  before 
moving  to  Richmond  in  1966  to  pursue  a  career  as  a 
civil  engineer  at  Fort  Lee.  He  is  survived  by  two  sons. 

Norris  L.  Fellows  M.Div,  '50ofMocksville,N.C, 
on  July  17,  2008.  A  Presbyterian  minister,  he  served 
in  the  Air  Force  as  a  chaplain  during  the  Korean  War 
and  was  later  the  founding  minister  of  Gaithersburg 
Presbyterian  Church  in  Gaithersburg,  Md.  He  served 
Northgate  Presbyterian  Church  in  Durham  until  his 
retirement.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Betty;  three 
daughters;  and  four  grandchildren. 

Grady  Lee  Kinley  B.D.  '50  of  Goldsboro,  N.C, 
on  June  30,  2008.  He  was  a  United  Methodist 
Church  minister  for  32  years  and  served  12  different 
churches  in  eastern  North  Carolina.  He  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  North  Carolina  Annual  Conference  of  the 
United  Methodist  Church.  He  is  survived  by  a 
daughter,  a  brother,  and  two  sisters. 

J.  Parker  Swanson  '50  of  Salem,  Va.,  on  June  28, 

2008.  He  is  survived  by  a  son,  a  daughter,  and  three 
grandchildren. 

William  R.  Ward  Jr.  '50  of  Lakeland,  Va.,  on 
June  9,  2008.  A  captain  in  the  Air  Force  Reserve,  he 
was  president  and  general  manager  of  Growers 
Marketing  Service  Inc.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife, 
Mary;  three  sons;  a  daughter;  10  grandchildren;  and 
two  great-grandchildren. 

Margaret  Hilgartner  Arky  A.M.  '51,  M.D.  '55 
of  Pittsboro,  N.C,  on  Aug.  19,  2008.  In  1966,  she 
became  head  of  Cornell  Medical  Center's  hemophilia 
program.  With  a  colleague,  she  developed  the  first 
classification  of  hemophilic  arthropathy  and  intro- 
duced new  methods  for  the  treatment  of  hemophilia. 
She  was  director  of  the  Hemophilia  Comprehensive 
Treatment  Center  at  New  York  Hospital-Cornell 
from  1970  to  1995  and  was  the  division  chief  of  pedi- 
atric hematology/oncology  from  1978  to  1992.  She  is 
survived  by  her  husband,  Milton;  a  daughter;  two 
sons,  including  George  A.  Arky  '81;  and  six 
grandchildren. 

Prudence  Morey  Palmer  '52  of  Virginia  Beach, 
Va.,  on  June  17,  2008.  For  35  years,  she  worked  as  an 
office  and  regional  manager  for  H&R  Block.  She  is 
survived  by  a  son,  two  daughters,  two  brorhers,  and 
six  grandchildren. 

Richard  W.  Sorrell  '52  of  Dunn,  N.C,  on  June 
25,  2008.  He  was  a  captain  in  the  Air  Force  during 


www.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


the  Korean  War.  After  graduating  from  the  Univer- 
sity of  Georgia  at  Athens  Veterinary  School,  he 
moved  to  Mooresville  to  practice.  He  later  moved 
back  to  Dunn  and  opened  his  own  veterinary  practice 
before  retiring  in  1987.  He  is  survived  by  two  sisters. 

Bonnie  Smith  Almond  '54  of  Culpeper,  Va„  on 
July  1,  2008.  She  owned  and  managed  a  retail  elec- 
tronics store  with  her  husband.  Later,  she  worked  at 
the  Library  of  Congress  until  retiring.  She  is  survived 
by  three  daughters;  two  sons;  two  brothers,  Cody 
Heber  Smith  '43  and  Sherwood  D.  Smith  '50; 
a  sister,  Wilma  Smith  McMillan  '44;  17  grand- 
children; and  a  great-grandchild. 

Davis  W.  Duke  Jr.  '54,  J.D.  '59  of  Tallahassee, 
Fla.,  on  Sept.  18,  2008.  While  in  law  school,  he 
served  in  the  Office  of  Special  Investigations  for  the 
Air  Force.  He  began  his  legal  career  in  Fort  Lauder- 
dale with  the  law  firm  of  McCune,  Hiaasen,  Crum, 
Gardner  and  Duke,  where  he  practiced  for  42  years. 
In  1997,  he  started  the  firm  Duke,  Mullin  6k  Gallo- 
way. He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Constance;  two  sons; 
a  daughter;  and  six  grandchildren. 
Don  Frederick  Gross  M.F.  '54  of  Covington,  Va., 
on  July  9,  2008.  During  the  Korean  War,  he  served  in 
the  Army.  For  almost  two  decades,  he  worked  as  an 
industrial  forester  with  Westvaco,  a  paper  company. 
In  1978,  he  became  the  owner  and  operator  of 
Virginia  Real  Estate,  where  he  was  a  real-estate  bro- 
ker, an  appraiser,  and  a  consulting  forester.  He  served 
as  director  of  the  Virginia  Mountain  Soil  and  Water 
Conservation  Districts  for  21  years.  He  is  survived 
by  his  wife,  Camille;  three  sons;  two  daughters;  and 
10  grandchildren. 


Harvey  B.  Hamrick  '54  of  Shelby,  N.C.,  on 
Oct.  11,  2008.  He  spent  most  of  his  career  as  vice 
president  of  purchasing  and  corporate  secretary  of 
Dover  Textiles  in  Shelby  and  served  as  a  member 
and  secretary  of  the  board  of  directors  of  the  Dover 
Foundation.  He  was  a  founding  director  and  presi- 
dent of  the  Shelby  Art  League,  the  Historic  Shelby 
Foundation,  and  the  Sarah  P.  Duke  Gardens 
Advisory  Board.  In  1993,  he  was  awarded  the 
C.A.  Dukes  Award.  He  is  survived  by  a  daughter, 
Kathleen  Hamrick  Wilson  '79;  two  sons;  four 
grandchildren;  a  cousin,  Dorothy  Hamrick 
Sloan  B.S.N.  '83;  and  a  great-grandson. 

James  C.  "Buddy"  Horton  Jr.  '54  of  Mount 
Sterling,  Ky.,  on  June  30,  2008.  He  was  a  retired 
certified  public  accountant.  He  is  survived  by  two 
daughters,  including  Leora  Horton  Shultz  '76; 
a  son;  eight  grandchildren;  and  seven  great-grand- 
children. 

Martin  Roaman  '54  of  New  York,  on  June  10, 
2008.  He  was  president  of  Roaman 's  clothing  compa- 
ny and  later  president  of  Adams  Realty  Co.  He  is  sur- 
vived by  his  wife,  Carol;  a  son;  a  daughter;  his  moth- 
er; his  stepfather;  and  two  grandchildren. 

Martin  L.  Weil  "54  of  Trumbull,  Conn.,  on  July  30, 
2008.  He  graduated  from  the  Wharton  Business 
School  at  the  University  of  Pennsylvania.  He  served 
in  the  Air  Force,  and  following  his  return  to  civilian 
life,  his  career  as  an  accountant  included  time  as 
director  of  accounting  at  Clairol  and  director  of 
administration  at  Stamford  Center  for  the  Arts.  He 
is  survived  by  his  wife,  Patricia;  a  daughter;  two  sons; 
a  sister;  and  four  grandchildren. 


Herbert  L.  Ridgeway  III  '55  of  Pine  Knoll 
Shores,  N.C.,  on  June  13,  2008.  An  Army  veteran, 
he  joined  Ridgeway 's  Opticians,  eventually  becoming 
president.  He  was  also  a  real-estate  broker  and  served 
on  various  committees  of  the  N.C.  Board  of  Realtors. 
He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Nan;  a  daughter;  a  son;  a 
sister;  and  two  grandchildren. 
F.  Robert  Walch  H.S.  '55  of  Sarasota,  Fla.,  on 
May  1 1,  2008.  He  served  in  the  Army  during  World 
War  II  and  then  as  a  medical  officer  in  the  Air  Force 
during  the  Korean  War.  He  began  his  radiology  prac- 
tice in  Winchester,  Va.,  before  moving  to  Florida  in 
1961,  where  he  was  a  partner  in  the  practice  of 
Wilson,  Walch,  and  Former  until  his  retirement  in 
1981.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Doris;  a  daughter; 
two  sons;  and  two  grandchildren. 
David  K.  Meriney  '56,  M.D.  '60  of  Cedar  Grove, 
N.J.,  on  June  1,  2008.  After  opening  a  private 
practice  in  1968  in  Montclair,  he  was  appointed 
attending  physician  and  chief  of  the  division  of  aller- 
gy and  immunology  and  the  department  of  internal 
medicine  at  Mountainside  Hospital  for  36  years. 
He  was  an  assistant  clinical  professor  of  medicine 
at  Columbia  University  College  of  Physicians  and 
Surgeons.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Ellen  Bond 
Meriney  B.S.N.  '58;  two  sons;  a  daughter;  a  brother; 
and  1 1  grandchildren. 

Eben  C.  Morgan  Jr.  '56  of  Winnetka,  III,  on 
June  7,  2008.  Despite  being  drafted  by  the  NBA  in 
the  seventh  round,  he  chose  to  begin  his  career  in 
manufacturing  with  Goodyear.  After  seven  years,  he 
joined  his  wife's  family  business,  Pickard  China,  as  an 
executive  vice  president.  He  helped  lead  the  compa- 


The  Society  for  Spirituality 
THEOLOGY  ffrHEALTH 

2nd  Annual  Meeting 

Lifecourse  Perspectives 

on  Spirituality  &  Health 

in  Diverse  Religious 

Communities 


Keynote  Address: 
Stanley  Hauerwas,  PhD 

Gilbert  T.  Rowe  Professor  of 

Theological  Ethics 

Duke  Divinity  School 

Plenaries: 
Wendy  Cadge,  PhD 

FarrCurlin,  MD 
Rabbi  Dayle  Friedman 
Adnan  Hammad,  PhD 
Christian  Smith,  PhD 


June  3-5,  2009 

Washington  Duke  Inn  &  Golf  Club 

Durham,  NC 

www.societysth.org 

919.660.7556 


Elizabeth  Allardice 

CC/orking  with  real  estate  buyers  and  sellers 

in  Durham,  Chapel  Hill,  and  Raleigh 
North  Carolina:  our  team  of  experienced 
real  estate  professionals  are  well  versed  in  a 
variety  of  home  prices,  floor  plans,  homes 
styles,  and  neighborhoods  and  can  help  you 
achieve  your  real  estate  goals. 


To  view  this  month's 

featured  homes,  visit 

http://www.elizabethallardice.com 


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E-mail:  eallardice@i-emax.net 


DUKE  MAGAZINE     March-April  2009 


ny  for  30  years  and  was  the  first  CEO  to  come  from 
outside  the  Pickard  family.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife, 
Mari  Pickard  Morgan  '56;  three  sons,  including 
Richard  E.  Morgan  '81;  a  brother;  six  grandchil- 
dren; and  a  great-granddaughter. 

Brack  G.  Hattler  Jr.  '57,  Ph.D.  '72  of  Shadyside, 
Pa.,  on  July  3 1 ,  2008.  During  the  Vietnam  War,  he 
joined  the  Army  and  served  as  a  battlefield  surgeon. 
When  he  became  a  lieutenant  colonel,  he  served  as 
chief  of  Army  Organ  Transplant  Services  at  Walter 
Reed  Army  Medical  Center  in  Washington,  D.C., 
eventually  moving  to  the  University  of  Arizona, 
where  he  established  the  division  of  cardiac  surgery- 
After  he  developed  and  patented  a  new  method  to 
treat  reversible  lung  injuries,  he  joined  the  Univer- 
sity of  Pittsburgh  School  of  Medicine,  where  he  held 
the  Katherine  DuRoss  Ford  Chair  of  cardiothoracic 
transplantation  and  was  a  professor  of  surgery  at  the 
Heart,  Lung  and  Esophageal  Surgery  Institute.  He 
was  also  the  director  of  the  McGowan  Institute's 
Medical  Devices  and  Artificial  Organs  research  pro- 
gram. He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Jean;  three  sons;  a 
daughter;  and  nine  grandchildren. 

Mervin  E.  "Russ"  Roussell  '57  of  New  Orleans, 
on  June  23,  2008.  A  member  of  the  NROTC  program, 
he  served  in  the  Air  Force  for  25  years.  After  earning 
his  commission  as  a  second  lieutenant  and  completing 
Air  Force  pilot  training,  he  held  assignments  in  flight 
operations  as  a  pilot,  instructor  pilot,  squadron  opera- 
tions officer,  and  director  of  training.  While  serving 
in  Southeast  Asia,  he  commanded  foreign-language 
and  special-operations  forward  air  control  units. 
His  many  combat  awards  included  the  Distinguished 
Flying  Cross,  the  Meritorious  Service  Medal,  the 
Vietnam  Cross  of  Gallantry,  and  multiple  Air 
Medals.  Following  his  retirement  from  the  Air  Force, 
he  was  a  foundry  superintendent  with  Kast  Metals 
Corp.  and  worked  in  child  welfare  with  the  Louisiana 
Department  of  Social  Sen-ices  Office  of  Community 
Services  until  his  retirement  in  2007.  He  is  survived 
by  his  wife,  Nydia;  two  sons;  three  daughters;  seven 
grandchildren;  and  two  great-grandchildren. 

Mary  Janet  Rich  Thies  '57  of  Charlotte,  on 
Aug.  2,  2008.  She  was  a  founder  of  Charlotte  Latin 
School,  where  the  auditorium  is  named  in  her  honor, 
and  served  for  more  than  two  decades  as  a  trustee. 
As  a  licensed  North  Carolina  general  contractor, 
she  worked  for  many  years  in  real  estate  sales,  de- 
velopment, and  management.  In  her  spare  time, 
she  volunteered  with  Christ  Church,  building  homes 
with  Habitat  for  Humanity.  She  is  survived  by  her 
husband,  Frank;  four  sons;  a  daughter;  a  brother;  two 
sisters;  and  three  granddaughters. 

Clayton  E.  Kimble  '58  of  New  York,  on  June  20, 
2008.  He  founded  Abingdon  Square  Veterinary 
Clinic  in  Greenwich  Village  in  1968  and  was  a  prac- 
ticing veterinarian  for  38  years. 

Fredrick  L.  Rice  '58,  J.D.  '61  of  Jacksonville,  Fla., 
on  May  6,  2008.  He  was  a  captain  in  the  Army  JAG 
Corps  and  the  Army  Reserves.  For  more  than  40 
years,  he  practiced  law  in  Jacksonville  and  St. 
Augustine,  Fla.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Marian;  a 
daughter;  a  son;  two  granddaughters;  and  a  grandson. 

James  Chester  Brewer  Jr.  M.D.  '59  of 
Greensboro,  on  July  28,  2008.  After  two  years  in  the 
Army,  he  joined  a  family  practice  in  Greensboro  and 
worked  as  an  emergency-room  physician  for  four 
years  at  Moses  Cone  Memorial  Hospital.  He  retired 
after  a  career  of  40  years  in  medicine.  He  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Fire  Commissioners  and  performed  yearly 
physicals  for  40  years  for  the  Guilford  College  Fire 
Department.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Martha 


Freeman  Brewer  P.T.  Cert.  '53;  two  daughters; 
two  sons;  and  a  sister. 

Clingman  Carter  Capps  M.Div.  '61  of  Reids- 
ville,  N.C.,  on  Aug.  7,  2008.  A  minister,  he  retired 
from  the  New  Bern  district  ot  the  North  Carolina 
United  Methodist  Conference  after  51  years  in  the 
ministry.  His  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Patricia;  four 
daughters;  and  four  sons. 

R.  Craig  Roberts  '61  of  Phoenixville,  Pa.,  on 
June  21,  2008.  He  went  on  to  graduate  from  the 
UNC-CH  School  of  Medicine  and  received  general 
surgery  training  at  Upstate  Medical  Center  in  Syra- 
cuse, N.Y.  He  later  decided  to  specialize  in  orthopedic 
surgery  and  served  in  the  Army  at  Valley  Forge 
General  Hospital  in  Phoenixville.  He  was  an  active 
military  doctor  during  the  Vietnam  War.  Main  Line 
Unitarian  Church  in  Devon,  Pa.,  where  he  was  an 
active  member  for  35  years,  created  the  Craig  Roberts 
Youth  Latin  America  Travel  Fund  in  honor  of  his 
political  activism  in  El  Salvador.  The  award  encour- 
ages youth  to  be  active  in  Latin  American  affairs. 

He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Diana  Lynne  Myers- 

Bennett  Roberts  '64;  three  daughters;  two  sons; 
and  13  grandchildren. 

Stewart  H.  Goodman  '62  of  Norfolk,  Va.,  on 
Aug.  3,  2008.  After  Duke,  he  earned  his  Ph.D.  from 
the  University  of  Southern  California  in  Los  Angeles 
and  worked  as  quality  improvement  director  for  Dec- 
orative Specialties  International  of  Reading,  Pa.,  and 
later  for  Fres-co  System  USA,  a  packaging  company 
in  Telford,  Pa.,  until  retiring  in  2006.  He  is  survived 
by  his  wife,  Jane  Early  Goodman  '62;  a  daugh- 
ter, Julie  Renee  Goodman  Hawkins  '94;  a  son; 

a  sister;  and  a  granddaughter. 

Janet  Gurkin  Altman  '67  of  Iowa  City,  Iowa,  on 
July  18,  2008.  She  taught  in  the  department  of  French 
and  Italian  at  the  University  of  Iowa  for  29  years. 
During  her  career,  she  received  the  Woodrow  Wilson, 
Fulbright,  and  National  Endowment  for  the  Humani- 
ties fellowships.  She  is  survived  by  her  husband., 
Charles  F.  Altman  '66,  A.M.  '66,  and  a  daughter. 

Elbert  Johns  Jr.  M.Div.  '69  of  Paducah,  Ky.,  on 
July  14,  2008.  He  was  a  committed  minister  in  the 
Methodist  Church  and  dedicated  his  life  to  helping 
children  and  adults  with  developmental  disabilities. 
An  avid  proponent  of  fair  and  equal  treatment  of  all 
individuals,  he  co-founded  ArcLink,  a  national 
resource  for  those  with  developmental  disabilities 
and  their  families.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife, 
Christina  Moye  Johns  B.S.N.  '69;  two  daughters; 
two  sons;  and  nine  grandchildren. 

Steven  J.  Fritz  A.M.  71  of  West  Lafayette,  Ind., 
on  June  21,  2008.  After  earning  a  Ph.D.  in  geology 
from  UNC-CH,  he  spent  a  year  as  a  postdoctoral 
student  at  the  University  of  Waterloo  in  Kitchener, 
Ontario.  He  taught  at  the  University  of  Wisconsin 
and  at  Texas  A&M  University  before  joining  the 
department  of  earth  and  atmospheric  sciences  faculty 
at  Purdue  University  in  1987.  He  is  survived  by  his 
former  wife,  Deborah  Horton  Fritz  '71,  M.A.T. 
'75;  two  daughters;  and  a  grandson. 

Charles  W.  Peek  III  Ph.D.  '71  of  Lubbock,  Texas, 
on  April  9,  2008.  He  was  a  sociology  professor  at  Texas 
Tech  University  for  33  years.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife, 
Mary;  a  daughter,  Mary  Kristen  Peek  A.M.  '93, 
Ph.D.  '96;  a  son;  a  sister;  and  five  grandchildren. 

Cary  C.  Lacklen  '72  of  Boulder,  Colo.,  on  June  21, 
2008.  He  was  a  public  defender  in  Boulder  for  30 
years.  At  the  age  of  36,  he  defended  a  privacy  case  in 
front  of  the  Supreme  Court.  He  is  survived  by  a  son, 
his  mother,  and  two  sisters. 


Theodore  D.  Aden  '75  of  Demarest,  N.J.,  on 
June  2,  2008.  At  the  time  of  his  death,  he  was  a 
partner  in  the  law  firm  of  Reed  Smith.  He  is  survived 
by  his  wife,  Marilyn;  two  sons;  a  daughter;  his  mother; 
and  a  brother. 

Kevin  J.  McManus  M.B.A.  '75  of  Babylon,  N.Y., 
on  July  31,  2008.  He  graduated  from  the  Air  Force 
Academy  in  1964  and,  while  serving  in  the  Vietnam 
War,  was  shot  down  northeast  of  Hanoi  and  spent 
nearly  six  years  as  a  prisoner  of  war  before  being 
released  in  1973.  His  many  military  decorations 
included  two  awards  of  the  Silver  Star,  the  Legion  of 
Merit,  the  Bronze  Star  with  a  Valor  Device,  the 
Distinguished  Flying  Cross,  two  Purple  Hearts,  and 
the  Defense  Superior  Service  Medal.  After  injuries 
ended  his  career  as  a  pilot,  he  enrolled  at  Duke. 
Before  retiring  from  the  military  in  1984,  he  worked 
at  the  Pentagon  on  the  Air  Staff  and  as  director  of 
mission-critical  computer  resources  in  the  research 
and  development  office  of  the  Defense  Department. 
He  joined  Robbins-Gioia,  an  Alexandria-based 
program  management  firm,  and  for  the  next  10  years, 
he  was  its  chief  operating  officer  and  chief  financial 
officer.  He  then  transferred  to  AT&T  to  manage  a 
billion-dollar  defense  contract.  He  is  survived  by 
his  wife,  Mary;  four  daughters;  two  sons;  a  sister;  and 
two  brothers. 

Charles  Fisk  Colby  H.S.  '76  of  Greenwood,  S.C., 
on  Aug.  1,  2008.  He  practiced  radiology  in  Green- 
wood for  almost  30  years  and  was  a  partner  with  the 
Upper  Savannah  Radiological  Associates.  He  was  a 
former  trustee  of  Self  Memorial  Hospital  and  was  a 
member  of  the  American  Medical  Association  and 
the  South  Carolina  and  Greenwood  County  Medical 
Associations.  He  was  a  licensed  private  pilot.  He  is 
survived  by  his  wife,  Maureen;  two  daughters;  his 
mother;  and  a  brother. 

Thomas  E.  Albyn  '82  of  Denver,  on  July  23,  2008. 
He  was  a  salesman  for  Armstrong  Flooring  and  also 
sold  health  insurance.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Mary; 
two  daughters;  two  sons;  his  mother;  and  four  sisters. 

David  S.  Piercefield  J.D.  '83  of  Auburndale,  Fla., 
on  July  14,  2007.  He  was  a  partner  in  his  own  legal- 
services  firm.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Becky;  a  son; 
two  daughters;  two  stepsons;  and  his  parents. 

George  Norton  Manning  III  M.S.  '84,  M.B.A. 
'87  of  Moss  Beach,  Calif.,  on  July  22,  2007.  He 
earned  his  M.S.  in  pharmacology  from  Duke. 

Charles  A.  "Buddy"  Lockwood  III  '92  of 

Charlotte,  on  July  14,  2008.  He  was  a  lecturer  in 
human  evolution  in  the  department  of  anthropology 
at  University  College  London.  Before  his  death,  he 
was  planning  to  move  to  South  Africa  to  become  the 
first  director  of  the  Institute  of  Human  Evolution  at 
the  University  of  the  Witwatersrand,  where  he  had 
earned  his  Ph.D.  in  anatomical  sciences.  As  an 
undergraduate  student  at  Duke,  he  was  a  recipient  of 
the  Fulbright  Scholarship.  He  is  survived  by  his  par- 
ents and  two  sisters. 

Professor  Emeritus  Morris 
James  J.  Morris  Jr.  died  Jan.  23,  2009,  in 
Durham.  He  was  75.  He  was  professor  emeritus  of 
medicine  at  Duke  and  a  respected  educator,  mentor, 
and  cardiologist  who  lived  and  worked  in  Durham  for 
nearly  50  years.  Morris,  who  began  working  at  Duke 
in  1962,  was  a  former  chair  of  the  Managed  Care 
Committee-Physicians  at  Duke  Medical  Center.  He 
also  served  on  the  boards  of  multiple  managed-care 
organizations. 

He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Mary  Ann;  two  sons;  a 
sister;  a  brother;  and  three  grandchildren. 


www.dukemagazine.duke.edu 


Professor  Emeritus  Sabiston 

David  C.  Sabiston  Jr.  died  Jan.  27,  2009,  in 

Durham,  at  the  age  of  84. 

He  was  professor  and  chair  of  the  department  of 
surgery  at  Duke  Medical  Center  for  30  years  and  a 
legendary  figure  in  American  medicine.  His  rigorous 
training  programs  for  surgeons — a  combination  of  his 
trademark  attention  to  detail,  relentless  focus  on  pro- 
fessionalism and  the  patient,  and  dedication  to  basic 
research — have  been  emulated  by  medical  schools 
around  the  world. 

A  native  of  Jacksonville,  N.C.,  Sabiston  earned 
his  undergraduate  degree  from  UNC-CH  and  then 
attended  the  Johns  Hopkins  University  School  of 
Medicine.  After  completing  his  residency  at  Johns 
Hopkins  Hospital,  he  served  two  years  in  the  Army 
Medical  Corps  in  the  department  of  cardiovascular 
research  at  Walter  Reed  Medical  Center. 

He  returned  to  Johns  Hopkins  as  an  assistant  pro- 
fessor of  surgery  and  an  investigator  in  the  Howard 
Hughes  Medical  Institute.  In  1961,  he  received  a 
Fulbright  Research  Scholarship  to  study  in  England. 

In  1964,  Sabiston  was  named  James  B.  Duke 
Professor  of  surgery  and  chair  of  the  department  of 
surgery  at  the  medical  center.  While  at  Duke,  he 
worked  to  implement  the  new  Medicare  legislation 
enacted  in  1965  and  helped  to  desegregate  the  surgi- 
cal clinics  and  wards. 

Sabiston  was  an  educator  nonpareil:  The  146  chief 
residents  who  served  under  him  have  gone  on  to 
become  leaders  of  the  world's  great  medical  centers 
and  to  train  future  generations  of  outstanding  sur- 
geons. At  the  time  of  his  retirement  from  Duke  in 
1994,  88  of  the  146  were  in  academic  medicine,  24  as 
department  chairs  or  division  chiefs.  He  was  honored 
four  times  as  teacher  of  the  year  by  graduating  senior 
medical  students. 

From  1966  to  1996,  he  was  editor  of  Annals  of 
Surgery.  He  was  also  editor  of  two  of  the  leading 
textbooks  in  surgery,  The  Biological  Basis  of  Modern 
Surgical  Practice,  which  he  edited  through  14  edi- 
tions, and  Surgery  of  the  Chest,  which  he  co-edited 
through  five  editions. 

Sabiston  worked  to  develop  surgical  methods 
to  revascularize  the  heart  and  radionuclide  scanning 
of  the  lungs  for  the  diagnosis  of  pulmonary  embolism. 
He  was  also  a  pioneer  in  coronary  artery  bypass 
graft  surgery. 

For  more  than  30  years,  he  was  the  chief  investiga- 
tor on  a  National  Institutes  of  Health  project  on  coro- 
nary insufficiency  and  myocardial  revascularization. 

He  served  as  president  of  the  American  College  of 
Surgeons  and  was  a  member  of  virtually  every  impor- 
tant surgical  society.  He  received  many  honors  over 
the  course  of  his  career,  including  Duke's  University 
Medal  for  Distinguished  Meritorious  Service,  in  1992. 

He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Agnes;  three  daughters, 
including  Anne  Sabiston  Leggett  78;  a  son-in- 
law,  Reid  G.  Leggett  78;  a  sister;  and  five  grand- 
children, including  Carter  P.  Leggett  '07. 

Baseball  Great  Werber 
William  M.  Werber  '30  died  Jan.  22,  2009,  in 
Charlotte.  He  was  100.  Born  in  Berwyn,  Md.,  a  sub- 
urb of  Washington,  on  June  20,  1908,  Werber  was 
Duke's  first  All-American  basketball  player. 

After  graduation,  Werber  joined  the  famous 
"Murderers'  Row"  New  York  Yankees,  and  played 
alongside  Babe  Ruth  and  Lou  Gehrig.  The  Yankees 
sold  Werber  to  the  Boston  Red  Sox  in  1933.  He  bat- 
ted a  career-high  .321  in  1934.  He  was  traded  to  the 
Philadelphia  As  in  1937  and  then  to  the  Cincinnati 
Reds.  In  1939,  he  was  the  first  batter  in  the  first  tele- 
vised Major  League  game.  The  following  war,  !k 
helped  the  Reds  win  the  World  Series. 


Werber  completed  his  career  in  1942,  retiring  with 
a  .271  career  batting  average,  539  runs  batted  in,  and 
215  stolen  bases.  He  returned  home  to  Maryland  to 
work  in  the  insurance  business  founded  by  his  father. 

He  remained  tied  to  Duke,  serving  as  president  of 
the  Duke  Alumni  Association's  board  of  directors  from 
1951  to  1952.  He  was  inducted  into  the  university's 
Sports  Hall  of  Honor  in  both  basketball  and  baseball. 

Werber  was  the  oldest  living  Major  League  Base- 
ball player  at  the  time  of  his  death  and  was  featured  in 
the  September-October  2008  issue  of  Duke  Magarjne. 

He  is  survived  by  a  son,  William  W.  Werber 
'53;  two  daughters,  Patricia  Werber  Bryant  '56 
and  Susan  Werber  Hill  '69;  a  grandson,  Todd  S. 
Hill  '98,  M.B.A.  '05;  and  a  great-grandson. 
Swim  Coach  Thompson 

Robert  Thompson  of  Durham  died  Jan.  25,  2009,  at 
the  age  of  66.  He  was  Duke's  head  swimming  and  div- 
ing coach  for  27  years. 


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Before  becoming  a  coach,  Thompson  swam  com- 
petitively for  Springfield  College  in  Springfield, 
Mass.  He  graduated  in  1970  and  returned  to  his 
hometown  of  New  Kensington,  Pa.,  to  coach  swim- 
ming at  the  New  Kensington  YMCA  and  New 
Kensington  High  School.  He  became  assistant  swim 
coach  at  the  U.S.  Naval  Academy  in  1973;  five  years 
later,  he  was  named  head  plebe  coach.  He  was  also 
the  head  coach  for  the  Navy  juniors  program. 

Duke  hired  him  in  1978  to  serve  as  head  coach  for 
swimming  and  diving.  He  coached  two  Ail- 
Americans,  two  ACC  champions,  four  All-ACC 
honorees,  and  an  ACC  Swimmer  of  the  Year.  He 
also  coached  Nancy  Ho^he.id-M.ikar  '86,  who  won 
three  gold  medals  and  a  silver  medal  in  the  1984 
Summer  Olympics. 

After  retiring  in  2005,  Thompson  continued  to 
teach  as  a  member  of  the  department  of  health  and 
physical  education.  He  is  survived  by  two  daughters. 


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DUKE  MAGAZINE     March-April  2009 


Under  the  Gargoyle 


Literature  in  a  New  Medium 

By  N.  KATHERINE  HAYLES 


Say  "literature"  and  the  image  spring- 
ing to  mind  will  likely  be  a  print  book. 
In  this  computationally  intensive 
era,  however,  literature  (like  every- 
thing else)  has  moved  into  the  computer. 
"Digital-bom"  literature,  created  and  meant 
to  be  read  on  the  computer,  is  emerging  as 
an  important  part  of  the  twenty-first-century 
literary  repertoire.  Does  this  mean,  as  some 
have  proclaimed,  that  books  are  dead,  or 
perhaps  that  they  have  become  the  undead, 


the  universe.  The  fun  of  the  piece  is  playing 
around  with  different  possibilities,  looking 
for  that  witty  or  startling  combination  that 
will  light  up  the  neocortex. 

Another  example  is  Rob  Kendall's  "Faith," 
a  lyric  poem  programmed  using  Flash  soft- 
ware commonly  used  to  create  time-based 
digital  art.  In  some  ways,  the  poem  could 
scarcely  be  more  traditional,  proceeding 
through  five  different  screens  as  the  poetic 
voice  alternates  between  faith  and  reason. 


lingering  on  after  their  proper  demise  now  The  addition  of  music,  color,  animation,  and 
that  the  Age  of  Print  is  passing?  Or,  on  the  kinetic  interactions  between  letters,  how- 
contrary,  that  electronic  literature  is  a  glitzy     ever,  creates  new  interpretive  possibilities 


flash  unable  to  hold  a  candle  to  "real"  (that 
is,  print)  writing? 

To  my  mind,  both  of  these  positions  are 
wrong.  They  underestimate  the  resiliency 
and  capacities  of  print  on  the 
one  hand,  and  the  achieve- 
ments and  potential  of  elec- 
tronic literature  on  the  other. 
Worse,  they  fail  to  see  the 
ways  in  which  print  and  digi- 
tal literary  texts,  far  from  be- 
ing isolated  from  one  another, 
are  in  robust  and  dynamic  con- 
versation. We  do  not  see  either 
whole  unless  we  see  their 
shared  interactions. 

Bringing  the  horse  back  in 
front  of  the  cart,  we  might  ask,  what  is  elec- 
tronic literature?  Whereas  print  exists  as 
ink  marks  durably  impressed  on  paper,  elec- 
tronic literature  can  change  every  time  a 
reader  accesses  it,  offering  different  reading 
paths  or  combinations  depending  on  the 
reader's  choices.  Jim  Andrews'  Blue  Hya- 
cinth, for  example,  begins  with  four  different 
pieces  of  short  fiction,  each  colored  in  a  dif- 
ferent shade  of  blue.  When  the  user  passes 
the  cursor  over  one  of  these  texts,  portions 
of  the  three  other  texts  jump  into  it.  The 
possible  combinations  for  such  texts  (which 
increase  not  by  addition  but  multiplication 
for  every  single  word  change)  can  exceed, 
Andrews  calculates,  the  number  of  atoms  in 


Print  and  digital 
literary  texts,  far  from 
being  isolated  from 
one  another,  are  in 
robust  and  dynamic 
conversation. 


that  make  the  poem  much  richer  and  more 
densely  textured  than  it  would  be  if  it  sim- 
ply appeared  as  black  ink  on  a  white  page. 
(The  tradition  of  Concrete  poetry,  which 
experimented  with  possibili- 
ties offered  by  print  such  as 
color,  iconic  word  shapes,  and 
unusual  spacing,  has  been  an 
important  influence  on  ex- 
perimental electronic  poetry, 
as  documented  at  the  Elec- 
tronic Poetry  Center:  http:// 
epc.buffalo.edu/.) 

Why  isn't  everyone  gaga, 
then,  for  the  new  literary  art 
forms  emerging  in  digital 
media?  One  reason  is  the 
"bathtub"  argument:  Folks  say  they  can't 
read  a  digital  artwork  in  the  bathtub  or  curl 
up  with  it  in  bed.  That  is  changing  with  dig- 
ital readers  like  the  Kindle.  Of  course,  it  is 
hard  to  beat  the  portability,  low  cost,  and 
convenience  of  the  paperback  book.  Unlike 
computers,  even  very  old  books  almost 
always  work  when  you  open  them.  Still,  if  we 
have  learned  anything  since  programming 
was  done  by  plugging  cords  into  ENIAC, 
it  is  never  say  never  when  it  comes  to 
advances  in  networked  and  programmable 
media. 

A  more  serious  objection  is  the  charge 
that  electronic  literature  lacks  the  subtlety, 
richness,  and  resonance  of  print  literature. 


n  part,  I  think  this  objec- 
tion comes  about  because 
literary  critics,  nearly  all 
of  whom  took  in  print 
with  mother's  milk,  do  not  fully  understand 
how  to  read  digital  art.  They  tend  to  focus 
first,  and  often  exclusively,  on  the  text, 
ignoring  other  elements  such  as  sound,  ani- 
mation, graphics,  and  color  and  failing  to 
understand  the  richness  and  significance  of 
their  interactions  with  the  words.  Digital 
literary  art  lives  not  by  the  word  alone  but 
by  navigation,  interface  design,  user  inter- 
action, and  programming  code,  not  to  men- 
tion all  of  the  nonverbal  signifying  ele- 
ments that  appear  on  screen.  Right  now, 
writers  and  artists  are  way  out  in  front  of  the 
critics,  many  of  whom  do  not  realize  the  boat 
has  not  only  left  the  dock  but  is  making 
considerable  headway  in  the  open  sea. 

Print  authors,  for  their  part,  have  not 
been  idly  twiddling  their  writing  digits.  No 
doubt  reluctant  that  digital  writers  should 
have  all  the  fun,  they  are  engaged  in  explor- 
ing how  the  strategies  of  digital  art  might  be 
adapted  to  re-envision  even  such  a  print- 
specific  form  as  the  novel.  Mark  Danielew- 
ski's  brilliant  hypertext  novel  House  of  Leaves 
is  an  example,  offering  multiple  reading  paths; 
different  coding  systems,  including  Braille, 
signal  flags,  and  alchemical  symbols;  and 
passages  peppered  with  holes  reminiscent  of 
the  falling  letters  in  "Faith."  The  ending  of 
Don  DeLillo's  masterful  novel  Underworld 
specifically  evokes  digital  hypertext  links, 
as  does  John  Barth's  short  story  "Click." 

As  educators  and  practitioners  of  literary 
art,  we  must  have  an  expanded  sense  of  lit- 
eracy that,  without  abandoning  all  we  have 
learned  from  centuries  of  print  experimen- 
tation and  achievement,  reaches  out  to  en- 
compass the  new  complexities  added  by 
networked  and  programmable  media.  If  you 
want  to  try  your  own  hand  at  it,  check  out 
the  Electronic  Literature  Collection  Volume  1 
at  http://collection.eliterature.org. 


Hayles  is  a  professor  of  literature .  For  more 
links  to  the  works  mentioned  above,  visit  www. 
dukemagazine  .duke.edu. 


80 


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The  DUKE  MAGAZINE  25th  anniversary  issue    May-June  2009