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GENEALOGY  COLLECTION^ 


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ALLEN  COUNTY  PUBLIC  LIBRARY 


3  1833  01749  0910 


GENEALOGY 
975.2 
IM365HM 
1921 


Maryland 
Historical  Magazine 

^mLISHED  UNDER  THE  AUTHOEITY  OF 

THE   MARYLAND  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY 


Volume  XVI 


BALTIMORE 
1921 


k'*'' 

^ 


I 


Vol.  XVI  MARCH,   1921  No.  1 

MARYLAND 

HISTORICAL 

MAGAZINE 


PUBLISHED -BY 

THE  MARYLAND  fflSTORICAL  SOCIETY 


ISSUED    QUARTERLY 

,ANNUAL  SUBSGRIPTION.$3.00-SINGLENUMBEBS,75cTS. 


BALTIAVORE 


Persons  who  possess  articles  of  historic 
interest  which  they  are  willing  to  give,  or 
bequeath,  to  the  Maryland  Historical  So- 
ciety, are  invited  to  notify  in  writing, 
George  L.  Radcliffe,  Esq.,  Recording  Secre- 
tary, so  that  the  subject  may  be  referred 
by  him  to  the  appropriate  committee,  for 
consideration  as  to  the  acceptance  of  the 
articles  by  the  Society. 


678978 


CONTENTS  OF  VOLUME  XVI 


PAGE 

CoLONH,    Geeaed   Fowke.     Gerard   FowJce, 1 

Some  Early  Colonial  Maeylandees.     McEenry  Howard,    -  19,  179 

Extracts  from  the  Carroll  Papers,  -        .        .        .         .  29 

Extracts  from  the  Dulany  Papeirs, 43 

The  Calvert  Family,    John  Bailey  Calvert  Nicklin,      50,  189,  313,  389 

Case  of  the  "  Good  Intent," 60 

Proceedings  of  the  Society, 63,  394 

List  of  Members  of  the  Society, 80 

Baltimore  County  "  Garrison  "  and  the  Old  Garrison  Roads, 

William   B.   Marye, 105,  207 

Correspondence  of  James  Alfred  Pearce.    Edited  by  Bernard  C. 

Steiner,  150 

Extracts  from  the  Annual  Report  of  the  Gallery  Committee 

OF  THE  Maryland  Historical  Society,  .  .  .  -  204 
The  Life  of  Thomas  Johnson.  Edward  8.  Delaplaine,  -  260,  340 
Notes  from  the  Early  Records  of  Maryland.    Jane  Baldwin 

Cotton, 2r79,  369 

Catonsville  Biographies,     George  C.  Eeidel,       .        -        -        -        299 
James  Alfred  Peaece,     Bernard  C.  Steiner,        -        -        -        -        319 

Unpublished  Pbovincial  Records, 354 

The  Calvert  Family  Memorabilia, 386 

Notes,  Books   Received,   Etc., ■^'^^ 


ARCHIVES  OF  MARYLAND 

Published,   by   authority   of  the   State 


VOLUME  XXXIX 


This  volume  is  now  ready  for  distribution,  and  contains  the  Acts 
and  Proceedings  of  the  Greneral  Assembly  of  the  Province,  during 
the  Sessions  held  from  1732/3  to  1736.  During  this  period,  Samuel 
Ogle  was  Governor,  and  he  met  diflScult  situations  with  tact  and 
firmness.  In  1733,  a  very  important  act  was  passed  for  emitting 
bills  of  credit,  under  which  a  considerable  amount  of  paper  money 
was  issued,  with  such  wise  measures  for  the  establishment  of  a 
sinking  fund,  that  the  bills  were  finally  redeemed.  An  important 
militia  act  was  passed,  as  also  was  one  for  the  improvement  of  the 
navigation  of  the  Patuxent  River.  Towns  were  erected  at  Elkridge 
Landing,  on  the  site  of  Princess  Anne,  etc.  A  general  law  for  the 
relief  of  insolvent  debtors  completes  the  important  legislation  of 
the   Session. 

The  Session  of  1733/4  lasted  only  six  days,  when  the  Governor 
dissolved  the  Assembly,  because  the  Lower  House  expelled  four 
members,  who  had  accepted  ofl&ce  from  the  Proprietary. 

A  year  later,  a  new  Assembly  was  convened  without  great  change 
in  the  membership.  It  did  the  surprising  act  of  electing  Daniel 
Dulany,  one  of  the  expelled  members,  as  its  speaker,  and,  when 
he  declined,  chose  James  Harris,  a  new  member,  though  Colonel 
John  Mackall,  the  old  speaker  had  been  re-elected  to  the  Assembly. 

A  general  naturalization  law  was  then  passed,  and  the  importa- 
tion of  negroes,  "Irish  Papists,"  and  liquors  was  restricted.  The 
act  concerning  ordinaries  was  revised,  and  a  license  was  required 
from  peddlars.  A  duty  was  laid  for  the  purchase  of  arms  and 
ammunition. 

In  1735/6  a  second  Session,  styled  a  Convention,  was  held  with- 
out any  legislation,  since  the  Houses  fell  out  with  each  other, 
over  the  question  of  allowances  to  the  Councillors.  After  a  proroga- 
tion of  ten  days,  the  Houses  re-assembled,  and,  in  a  short  time, 
passed  a  considerable  number  of  laws,  some  of  which  had  been 
discussed  at  the  earlier  meeting.  Among  these,  were  acts  to 
remedy  the  evil  conditions  of  the  Annapolis  jail  by  building  a  new 
one,  to  erect  Georgetown  and  Fredericktown  on  the  Sassafras 
River,  to  encourage  adventurers  in  iron  works,  and  to  amend  the 
laws  in  regard  to  the  inspection  and  sale  of  tobacco.  The  ques- 
tion as  to  the  Councillors'  allowances  was  settled  by  a  compromise, 
and  the  disturbances  along  the  Pensylvania  boundary  line,  which 
are  associated  with  the  name  of  Captain  Thomas  Cresap,  find  echo 
in  the  legislative  proceedings. 

The  attention  of  members  of  the  Society  who  do  not  now  receive 
the  Archives  is  called  to  the  liberal  provision  made  by  the  Legis- 
lature, which  permits  the  Society  to  furnish  to  its  own  members 
copies  of  the  volumes,  as  they  are  published  from  year  to  year,  at 
the  mere  cost  of  paper,  press  work,  and  binding,  this  cost  is  at 
present  fixed  at  one  dollar,  at  which  price  members  of  the  Society 
may  obtain  one  copy  of  each  volume  published  during  the  period 
of  their  membership.  For  additional  copies,  and  for  volumes  pub- 
lished before  they  became  members,  the  regular  price  of  three  dol- 
lars is  charged. 


THE    MARYLAND 
HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 


INCORPORATED    1843. 


OFFICERS. 

President, 

W.  HALL  HARRIS. 

Vice-Presidents, 

HENRY  STOCEBRIDGE,  DeCOURCY  W.  THOM, 

VAN  LEAR  BLACK. 

Corresponding  Secretwry,  Recording  Secretary, 

J.  APPLETON  WILSON,  GEORGE  L.  RADCLIFFE, 

Treasurer, 
HEYWARD  E.  BOYCE. 

THE   COUNCIL. 

The  Geneeal  Officees 

AND    RePBESENTATTVES    OF    STANDING    COMMITTEES: 

CLINTON  L.  RIGGS,  Representing  the  Trustees  of  the  Athenaeum. 


JOHN  M.  VINCENT, 
RIOHAJID  M.  DUVALL, 
PHILLIPS  L.  GOLDSBOROUGH, 
MoHENRY  HOWARD, 
RUXTON  M.  RIBGELY, 
JAMES  McC.  TRIPPE, 
BERNARD  B.  BROWNE,  M.D. 


Committee  on  Publication. 
Committee  on  the  Library. 
Committee  on  Finance. 
Committee  on  Membership. 
Committee  on  the  Gallery. 
Committee  on  Addresses. 
Committee  on  Genealogy. 


1866. 
1892. 
1909. 
1915. 
1916. 
1916. 
1916. 

1919. 
1920. 


BENEFACTORS  OF  THE  SOCIETY. 

GEORGE  PEABODY, Gift, $20,000 

J.  HENRY  STICKNEY, Bequest,  ....        1,000 

ISAAC  F.  NICHOLSON, Gift, 1,000 

MENDES  COHEN, Bequest,  ....        5,000 

ISAAC  HENRY  FORD, Bequest,  ....         1,000 

ISAAC  TYSON  NORRIS, Gift, 1,000 

MRS.  I^IARY  WASHINGTON  KEYSER, 

Gift  of  the  H.  Irvine  Keyser  Memorial  Building. 
MISS  ELEANOR  S.  COHEN,  .  .  Historical  Relics  and  $300 
HON.   HENRY   STOCKBRIDGE,       .     Gift,        ....        1,000 


CONTENTS. 


Page 

Colonel  Geeabd  Fowke.    Gerard  Fotoke, 1 

Some  Eaely  Colonial  Maetlandebs.    McHenry  Howard,      -        -  19 

EXTEACTS  FEOM  THE  CaEROLL  PaPEES, 29 

Extracts  from  the  Dulany  Papers, 43 

The  Calvert  Family.    John  Bailey  Calvert  Nicklin,      -        -        -  50 

Case  of  the  "  Good  Intent," 60 

Proceedings   of  the   Society, 63 

List  of  Members  of  the  Society, 80 


Committee  on  Publications 

SAMUEL  K.  DENNIS,  Chairman. 
JOHN  M.  VINCENT,  BERNAED  C.  STEINER. 


LOUIS  H.  DIELMAN, 
Editor. 


MARYLAND 
HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE 


Vol.  XVL  MAKCH,  192L  No.  1 


COLONEL  GERARD  FOWKE 

Of  Virginia  and  JMaryland^  feom  1651. 

Geeaed  Fowke,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 


Family  tradition,  usually  unreliable,  asserts  that  the  Fowkes 
are  descended  from  Fulk,  Count  of  Anjou,  France,  in  the  ninth 
century.  This  belief  is  probably  based  on  similarity  of  name, 
and  the  occurrence  of  the  fleur-de-lis  on  the  coat  of  arms.  It  is 
also  believed  that  the  first  of  the  name  came  to  England  with 
Richard  Coeur  de  Lion.  But  the  name  appears  on  the  Battle 
Abbey  roll,  so  they  were  here  as  early  as  William  the  Con- 
queror. Others  came  long  afterward ;  for  there  is  a  record  of  a 
family  springing  from  Sir  Orlando  Fowke  who  migrated  from 
Spain  to  England  in  the  time  of  Queen  Elizabeth.  In  1885 
there  was  living  in  Oshawa  county,  Canada,  a  Fowke  family 
descended  from  a  French  Huguenot  who  went  from  France  to 
England  in  the  eighteenth  century. 

In  various  records  and  documents,  unmistakably  relating  to 
this  same  family,  the  name  is  spelled  in  such  divers  ways  as 
Fowke,  Foulk,  Foulke,  Foulkes,  Fowkes,  Fookes,  Fooks, 
Fowlke,  Fowlkes,  Foulque,  Foulques,  and  at  least  once  in  Eng- 
land, Fok.  There  is  also  Fouque  in  France  and  Fouke  in  Hol- 
land and  America.    The  German  word  Foulque  means  a  ''  black 


2  MARYLAND   HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

water  hen."  In  pne  record  in  England  the  name  appears  in  three 
consecutive  generations,  grandfather,  father,  and  son,  as  Fulk, 
Foulke,  and  Fowke.  Difficulty  also  appears  in  the  pronuncia- 
tion of  the  name.  In  Virginia  and  Maryland,  descendants  in 
the  female  line  who  have  never  knov^n  any  one  possessing  the 
original  name,  called  it  "  Foake."  Some  in  England  also  call 
it  "  Foake."  In  eastern  Virginia  it  was  often  called  Fooke  or 
Fookes,  with  the  "  oo  "  as  in  either  "  root "  or  "  hook."  All  of 
those  whom  it  has  been  my  fortune  to  meet  in  Maryland, 
Virginia,  Georgia,  South  Carolina,  Kentucky,  and  Missouri,  to 
whom  the  name  belongs  and  who  know  how  it  was  pronounced 
by  their  ancestors,  call  it  Fowke,  with  the  "  ow  "  as  in  "  now  " 
or  "  how,"  the  same  sound  as  "  ou  "  in  "  about." 

In  England  the  name  is  still  represented  by  various  estates 
in  several  counties.  The  records  are  very  full  and  complete  in 
the  British  Museum  and  in  the  various  homes,  and  several  of 
them  have  been  published.  Only  one  is  given  here;  it  is  from 
*'  Leicester  Pedigrees  and  Eoyal  Descents."  Its  accuracy  is 
undoubted. 

'    "  The  following  pedigree  was  drawn  up  in  the  year  1Y65  by 
Joseph  Edmondson: 

Sir  Richard  Fowke. 

Sir  Thomas  Fowke,  came  with  William  the  Conqueror. 

Sir  John  Fowke. 

Henry  Fowke,  living  in  1151  A.  D. 

Sir  Marmaduke  Fowke,  with  Henry  II  at  Toulouse    Mar- 
ried Isabel,  daughter  of  Sir  John  West. 

Sir  Henry  Fowke,  1189,  married  Mabella,  daughter  of  Sir 
Ralph  Cole. 

Sir  William  Fowke,  Knight. 

Thomas  Fowke,  1247,  married  Alice,  daughter  of  Sir  Bald- 
win de  Vere. 

Sir  John  Fowke,  1266,  married  Dorothy,  daughter  of  Sir 
John  Brown. 

Sir  Richard  Fowke,  1333,  slain  in  the  battle  of  Haledon 
Hill;  married  Arabella,  daughter  of  John  Beauchamp. 


COLONEL    GERAKD    FOWKE.  3 

Sir  Henry  Fowke,  1369,  married  Mirabell,  daughter  of  Sir 

John  Harrison  of  Cumberland. 
Sir  Eichard  Fowke,  married  Anne,  daughter  of  Sir  John 

Allen  of  Suffolk. 
William  Fowke  of  Brewood,  married  Anne  Eyton. 
John  Fowke,  second  son,  1524,  married  Agnes,  daughter  of 

John  JSTewman. 
Eoger  Fowke  of  Gunston,  married  Cassandra,  daughter  of 

William  Humphri stone. 
John  Fowke  of  Gunston,  1547,  married  Anne,  daughter  of 

John  Bradshaw  of  Windly  and  Isabel  Kinnersley. 
Francis  Fowke,  second  son,  married  Jane,  daughter  of  John 

Raynsford  of  Tew. 
John  Fowke,  married  Dorothy,  daughter  of  John  Cupper  of 

Glimpston. 
Roger  Fowke,  third  son,  married  Mary,  daughter  of  William 

Bayley  of  Lea"     (See  "  G  "  below.) 

The  Virginia  line,  as  descended  from  Col.  Gerard  Fowke, 
had  its  original  home  in  Staffordshire,  where  in  the  seventeenth 
century  and  earlier  their  estate  was  known  as  Brewoode  (pro- 
nounced Broode  with  the  long  sound  of  the  "  oo  ")  and  Gunston, 
a  modern  rendition  of  the  ancient  Braywoode  or  Breywoode 
and  Gonstone.  Two  mottoes  appear : — "  Optimum  est  f rui 
aliena  insania"  ("  it  is  best  to  profit  by,  or  to  make  use  of, 
the  folly  of  others"),  and  '' Arma  tuenter  pacem"  ("Arms 
promote  peace  ").  Burton,  in  his  "  Anatomy  of  Melancholy," 
rather  freely  translates  the  first  motto  "  It  is  an  excellent  thing 
to  make  ourselves  merry  with  other  men's  obliquities.' 

Mr.  Frank  Rede  Fowke  of  London  furnished  me  with  the 
following  information : — 

"A.— William  Fowke,  living  in  1403  and  1438,  married 
Ann  Eyton  of  county  Salop.    Their  son 
B.— iJohn  (second  son)  married  Agnes  Newman  of  Gun- 
ston, county  Stafford.     Their  son 


4r  MARYLAND   HISTOKICAL,    MAGAZINE. 

C. — Eoger  (tibird  son)  married  Oassandra  Humphristone. 
Their  only  son 

D. — Jolin  died  Dec.  3,  1547.  He  married  Anne  Brad- 
shaw,  daughter  of  Jolm  and  Isabel  (Kynnersley) 
Bradshaw.    Their  son 

E. — ^Francis  (second  son)  married  Elizabeth  Coiners;  and 
also  Jane  Rainsford.     Their  only  son 

F. — John,  of  Gunston,  living  time  of  James  I,  married 
Dorothy  Cupper.  His  eldest  and  fifth  sons,  respec- 
tively, were 

G. — ^Roger,  who  married  a  daughter  of  William  Bayley,  or 
Bailey,  of  county  Stafford ;  and 

G. — ^Gerard,  who  was  a  Captain  under  Charles  I,  and  died 
before  1643/4.  He  had  several  sons ;  three  of  them, 
Robert,  John,  and  Talbot,  went  to  Virginia." 

It  is  probable  that  these  three,  Robert,  John  and  Talbot,  left 
descendants ;  or  that  others  of  the  family  came  to  Virginia ;  for 
in  various  records  and  on  tombstones  are  the  names  of  certain 
Fowkes  of  the  seventeenth  and  eig'hteenth  centuries  w'hose  con- 
nections can  not  be  traced,  but  who  are  certainly  not  descended 
from  Col.  Gerard  Fowke. 

Frank  Rede  Fowke  says,  further, 

"  Roger  Fowke  [marked  '  G  '  above]  had  nineteen  children : 
one  was  a  son,  John  of  Gunston,  of  Oxford,  and  of  the  Tower 
of  London.  He  (John)  married  Joyce,  daughter  of  Richard 
March,  Gentleman,  Usher  to  Kings  'Charles  I  and  II.  Now 
there  is  a  Gerard  Fowke  who  in  some  pedigrees  is  said  to  be 
the  son  of  this  John  and  Joyce,  whilst  in  others  he  is  said  to 
have  been  his  brother  and  [in  others  ?]  to  have  been  the  son 
of  John  Fowke  and  Dorothy  Cupper.     Anyway,  this  Gerard 

married   Ann,    daughter    of   ,    and    relict   of    Job 

Chandler  of  Port  Maryland,  Island  of  Tobago.  By  her  he  had 
two  sons,  Gerard  and  Adam,  and  two  daughters,  Mary  and 
Elizabeth.  This  Elizabeth  married  William  Dent  of  Mary- 
land." 


COLONEL    GEEAED    FOWKE.  5 

It  is  plain  from  this  abstract  that  an  attempt  was  made  in 
England  to  preserve  the  family  record  of  the  Virginia  branch ; 
and  that  the  transcriber  became  confused  over  the  different 
Gerards,  as  he  did  over  the  locality :  "  Port  Maryland,  Isle 
of  Tobago"  manifestly  'being  a  mistake  for  "Port  Tobacco, 
Province   of  Maryland." 

All  the  early  Virginia  writers  agree  in  saying  that  the  an- 
cestor of  the  Virginia  and  Maryland  Fowkes  was  "  Gerard, 
the  sixth  son  of  Roger  Fowke  of  Brewoode  and  Gunston,  Staf- 
fordshire, and  Mary,  his  wife."  They,  say  further,  that  he 
married  Anne  Chandler,  the  widow  of  Job  Chandler  of  Mary- 
land (though  some  by  error  call  her  daughter  instead  of 
widow),  and  that  "he  had  two  sons,  Adam  and  Gerard,  and 
two  daughters,  Mary  and  Elizabeth,  the  latter  marrying  Wil- 
liam Dent." 

This  Anne  Chandler  was  a  daughter  of  Adam  Thoroughgood. 
Job  'Chandler  was  appointed  Receiver-General  of  Maryland,  and 
Member  of  the  Council,  June  9,  1651 ;  and  was  a  Member  of 
the  Council,  1651-1654  and  1656-1659,  his  last  appearance 
being  on  4  June  1659.     He  died  the  same  year. 

In  relation  to  the  Thoroughgoods,  the  following  is  taken  from 
"  Colonial  Families  of  the  United  States  "  (Rhoades),  page  76, 
vol.  7. 

"  Adam  Thoroughgood,  builder  of  the  oldest  Colonial  home 
in  America;  Commander  of  a  Royal  Troop;  member  of  the 
King's  Council;  First  Judge  of  lower  Norfolk,  Va. ;  b.  1602; 
d.  1641 ;  came  to  Virginia  1621 ;  he  was  the  son  of  William 
and  Ann  (Edwards)  Thoroughgood,  who  was  the  brother  of 
Sir  John  and  Sir  Edward  Thoroughgood,  of  Gunston,  England. 
He  m.  Sarah  Offley,  dau.  of  Robert  Offley,  merchant  of  Grace 
street,  London,  England,  and  his  wife,  Ann  Osborne,  dau.  of 
Sir  Edward  Osborne,  Knight,  Lord  Mayor  of  London,  1583, 
whose  wife  was  Ann  Hewitt,  dau.  of  William  Hewitt,  Lord 
Mayor  of  London,  1559. 

"Sarah  Offley,  bapt.  16th  April,  1609;  m.  18th  July,  1627, 
at  Saint  Ann's,  Black  Friars,  England,  to  Adam  Thoroughgood ; 


b  MARYLAND    HISTOKICAL    MAGAZINE. 

they  had  one  son,  Adam,  and  three  daughters;  Ann,  m.  Jab 
Chandler,  Maryland  councillor;  Sarah  Offley  married  a  Mary- 
land councillor;  Elizabeth  m.  Capt  John  Michael,  of  Acco- 
mac,  Va." 

Family  tradition  says  there  were  three  Gerards  in  succes- 
sion, the  third  being  father  of  (  402  )  Chandler  Fowke.  Alex- 
ander Brown  says  the  immigrant  had  a  son,  Gerard,  and  a 
daughter,  Jean,  who  married  a  Mercer;  and  that  it  was  this 
second  Gerard  who  married  Anne  Chandler.  This  maiTiage 
did  not  take  place  until  nearly  ten  years  after  Colonel  Fowke 
came  to  America,  as  a  record  dated  1661  2/12  says  Col.  Gerard 
Fowke  "  lately  married  the  widow  of  Job  Chandler.'' 

There  is  a  tradition  among  the  present  Virginia  Fowkes  that 
the  immigrant  was  married  before  leaving  England  and  that 
his  wife  was  named  Hope.  Certainly  there  was  a  relationship 
between  these  two  families ;  and  the  Jean  who  married  Mercer 
was  not  the  daughter  of  Anne  (Chandler)  Fowke.  It  is  prob- 
able therefore  that  Col.  Gerard  Fowke  was  married  twice,  and 
that  Gerard  (of  whom  no  further  mention  is  made)  and  Jean 
were  children  of  the  first  marriage;  and  that  this  Gerard  died 
young,  after  the  second  marriage,  and  after  the  birth  of  Adam. 
Tihe  next  son  was  then  named  Gerard,  in  order  to  hold  the  name. 
Several  instances  of  this  nature  occurred  in  later  generations. 

Who  the  Mercer  was  that  married  Jean  can  not  be  ascer- 
tained. Miss  Kate  Mason  Rowland  wrote  "  This  can  not  be  a 
Mercer  of  Marlboro."  Dr.  William  Homer,  writing  under 
date  of  1822,  says  "  Mercer  of  Falmouth,"  and  states  that  he 
received  the  information  from  his  grandmother  "  many  years 
ago." 

The  coat-of-arms  in  England  are  not  the  same  for  all  branches 
of  the  family.  Such  as  appear  on  tombstones  and  family 
records  in  America  correspond  with  those  of  the  Staffordshire 
Fowkes,  with  the  addition  of  a  crescent — denoting  "  increase." 
This  addition  was  certainly  prophetic! 

After  the  accession  of  Charles  II  there  were  at  least  two,  if 
not  three,   Gerard  Fowkes   seeking  recompense  for  losses   of 


COLONEL    GERARD    FOWXE.  7 

property  incurred  in  "behalf  of  Charles  I;  hut  (201)  Gerard  of 
Virginia  does  not  seem  to  be  one  of  them. 

The  names  of  Ahraham  and  Eichard  Fowke  are  on  the  early 
records  of  Westmoreland  county ;  it  is  not  known  who  they  were. 

The  hiography  of  Eev.  Jonathan  Boucher,  who,  in  spite  of 
his  prominence  and  popularity  as  a  minister,  was  chased  out  of 
Maryland  and  Virginia  in  1775  or  1776  for  his  "toryism," 
contains  the  following: — 

"  The  family  character  of  body  and  mind  may  be  traced 
through  many  generations.  As  for  instance — every  Fitzhugh 
has  bad  eyes,  every  Thornton  hears  badly,  Winstons  and  Lees 
talk  well.  Carters  are  proud  and  imperious,  and  Taliaferros 
mean  and  avaricious  and  Fowkes  cruel." 

This  "  cruelty "  was  evidently  a  manifestation  of  violent 
anger.  There  is  a  sort  of  tradition  that  in  return  for  some 
favor  accepted  from  his  Satanic  Majesty  the  Fowkes  were 
endowed  with  "  the  devil's  own  temper."  Even  so  late  as  the 
middle  of  the  nineteenth  century,  when  one  of  the  blood  in  an 
access  of  rage  was  guilty  of  some  particularly  harsh  or  cruel 
action,  the  neighbors  merely  remarked  that  it  was  "  the  Fowke 
temper  breaking  out  again."  ISTo  other  explanation  was  con- 
sidered necessary.  It  did  not  originate  in  Virginia ;  for  at  the 
Assembly  of  Burgesses,  March  23,  1661/2,  Colonel  Fowke  was 
heavily  fined  and  debarred  forever  from  holding  any  office, 
civil  or  military,  in  the  colony,  for  harsh  treatment  of  the 
Indians  and  for  his  disobedience  and  attitude  of  contempt 
toward  the  Burgesses,  the  Governor,  and  the  "  councell." 

Yet,  at  the  very  next  session  of  the  Assembly  "  Coll. 
Gerard  Fowke "  appears  as  a  Burgess  from  "Westmore- 
land county.  He  was  sworn  in  as  a  new  member  "  to  fill  a 
vacancy  " ;  was  described  as  "  formerly  of  Maryland,  now  of 
"Westmoreland,"  and  was  one  of  a  committee  "  to  treat  with  the 
Governor  about  a  new  State  House."  There  is  nothing  to  show 
that  his  disabilities  had  been  removed  meantime. 

Col.  Gerard  Fowke  was  "  chosen  unanimously  "  as  a  member 
of  the  Maryland  Assembly  in  1666.    At  that  time  he  owned  a 


8  MAEYLAND    HISTOKICAI.    MAGAZINE. 

plantation  "  at  the  head  of  Port  Tobacco  creek  "  in  Charles 
county.  He  was  one  of  the  commissioners  of  Charles  county  in 
1667,  and  perhaps  later,  as  shown  in  the  "  Archives  of  Mary- 
land "  under  date  of  Dec.  23,  1667 :  "  Commission  then  issued 
for  the  peace  of  Charles  county  (ut  est  fol  246)  the  names  of 
the  'Commissioners  in  the  same  encluded  are  (vizt) — Henry 
Adams,  Thomas  Matthews ;  Col.  Gerard  ffowke  " — and  others. 
This  date  appears  in  the  printed  archives  as  1672;  an  error  in 
transcribing. 

There  were,  and  probably  still  are,  some  interesting  docu- 
ments in  the  possession  of  a  branch  of  the  family  in  Virginia. 
Some  brief  extracts  from  these  are  given  here. 

On  Sept.  18,  1672,  "  Eichard  Hope,  Gent:,  of  N'eithills  in 
Parish  of  Wolverhampton,  Stafford,  England,"  conveyed  "  to 
Anne  Fowke  of  Maryland,  widow  of  Gerard  Fowke,  for  £35 
all  his  lands  commonly  called  Mathapungo  and  formerly 
enjoyed  by  the  '  King  of  the  Potomac,'  adjoining  a  piece  of 
ground  owned  by  the  said  Gerard  Fowke,  said  land  being  on 
record  in  Stafford  county." 

On  the  same  parchment  "  Anne  Fowke  makes  over  to  her  son 
Gerard  Fowke  the  above  piece  of  land." 

On  Oct.  19,  1672,  Hope  appoints  an  attorney  to  convey  his 
property  of  Mathapungo  to  Mrs.  Anne  Fowke  of  Port  Tobacco, 
with  Francis  Fowke  as  witness;  and  on  July  13,  1673,  for  £6, 
paid  through  Richard  Chandler  of  London,  makes  over  every- 
thing he  has  in  Stafford  county,  Virginia,  to  Anne  Fowke, 
widow,  of  Maryland. 

Among  these  papers  is  a  bill  of  costs  for  witness  fees  against 
Captain  Chandler  Fowke,  bearing  date  of  1727.  In  this  docu- 
ment it  is  recited  that  Colonel  Gerard  Fowke,  on  April  30, 
1664,  obtained  a  patent  for  1200  acres  of  land  "  abutting 
northerly  on  the  Potomac,  westerly  on  the  Pescatansey  creek, 
southerly  and  easterly  on  ye  maine  woods."  Colonel  Fowke, 
it  is  stated,  "  sometime  after  "  moved  to  Maryland,  "  where  he 
died  in  1669,  leaving  one  son,  Gerard,  then  six  or  seven  years 
old,  father  of  the  plaintiff,  who  then  and  ever  after  lived  in 
Maryland." 


COLONEL    GEEAED    FOWKE. 


Under  date  of  Sept.  7,  1664,  Col.  Gerard  Fowke  deeds  400 
acres  of  this  land  to  his  "  beloved  kinsman,  Ricliard  Hope." 


In  every  printed  reference,  and  in  most  of  tlie  private 
records,  between  1651  and  1669,  Gerard  Fowke  is  always 
called  "  Colonel,"  and  tbere  is  nowbere  a  reference  to  a  Gerard 
Junior.  So,  in  spite  of  tradition,  and  notwithstanding  Alex- 
ander Brown's  usual  correctness,  it  seems  that  tbe  idea  of  two 
Gerard  Fowkes  of  mature  age  within  these  dates  must  be 
abandoned. 

Certain  data  from  various  sources  are  here  collated : 

Colonel  Gerard  Fowke  settled  in  the  ISTorthern  JSTeck  of  Vir- 
ginia shortly  after  the  battle  of  Worcester  in  1651. 

Was  a  land  owner  in  Westmoreland  county  at  least  as  early 
as  1657. 

Was  Justice  of  Westmoreland  county  in  1655   and  1662. 

Was  Burgess  in  1658  and  1663. 

Was  Captain  of  Virginia  forces  in  1658. 

Was  married  to  Anne  Chandler  in  1661. 

Was  disfranchised  March  23,  1662,  by  the  Virginia  House  of 
Burgesses  and  "  forever  "  disqualified  from  holding  any  office 
in  Virginia.  But  it  does  not  seem  this  action  was  intended  to 
be  taken  seriously,  for  we  find  that  after  being  identified  as 
"formerly  of  Maryland  but  now  of  Westmoreland,"  he  was 
sworn  in  "  to  fill  a  vacancy,"  at  James  City,  Sept.  10,  1663. 
This  was  the  first  session  after  the  one  which  had  deprived  him 
of  all  rights  in  the  colony. 

Obtained  a  patent  for  land  on  Paspitansey  creek,  April  30, 
1664. 

Moved  to  Maryland  some  (that  is,  an  indefinite  length  of) 
time  after  April  30,  1664,  and  died  there  in  1669,  leaving  a 
son,  Gerard,  then  6  or  7  years  old.  This  last  Gerard,  then, 
was  born  in  1662  or  1663 ;  and  he  "  ever  after  lived  in  Mary- 
land." 


10  MAEYLAND    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

Writing  before  tiie  Civil  War,  Judge  Fitzliugli  said, 

"  The  Fowke  family  are  now  historical,  if  for  no  other 
reason  than  that  its  descendants  in  the  female  line,  are  more 
numerous  than  those  of  any  other  family  in  the  South.  We 
suspect  there  is  hardly  a  neighborhood  ten  miles  square  in  the 
South,  in  which  there  is  not  kin,  connection  or  descendants  of 
the  Fowkes." 

Judge  Fitzhugh's  statement  may  not  be  exaggerated.  Charts 
are  in  existence  showing  hundreds  of  names  of  persons  descend- 
ed from  Colonel  Gerard  Fowke,  the  immigrant ;  and  yet  eadh  of 
these  charts  relates  only  to  one  branch  or  is  confined  to  later 
generations.  But  all  of  them  are  incomplete,  even  within  these 
reduced  limits.  From  the  very  beginning,  we  are  continually 
finding  such  items  as  "  descendants  are  numerous,"  "  left  a 
large  family,"  and  the  like. 

And  in  all  this  host,  the  name  of  Fowke  iseldom  appears. 
'Not  many  of  the  men  married;  few  of  those  who  did  marry 
left  sons.  To  illustrate  the  scarcity  of  the  family  name  there 
will  be  presented  here  a  list  of  all  those  bearing  it,  who  could 
be  traced,  beginning  with  the  first  generation  and  coming  down 
to  1916.  Many  letters  to  various  localities  where  members  of 
the  family  settled  long  ago,  brought  only  the  response  "  ISTo  one 
of  that  name  known  in  this  vicinity."  So  it  is  probable  the 
family  name  is  practically  extinct;  or  if  not,  that  it  soon 
will  be. 

Using  all  the  information  obtainable,  the  following  chart 
has  been  compiled.  No  female  line  has  been  followed  out ;  but 
all  who  were  born  with  the  name  are  included.  If  all  data 
were  availalble  the  list  would  undoubtedly  be  greatly  expanded. 
The  first  figure  of  the  number  prefixed  to  a  name  indicates 
the  generation  to  which  that  person  belonged,  beginning  with 
Roger  Fowke  of  England.  The  second  and  third  figures,  and 
the  capital  letters  following  the  name,  are  for  identification  on 
succeeding  pages. 

(101) — ^Roger  Fowke,  of  Brewoode  and  Gunston,  Staf- 
fordshire,  England,   had,    according  to   the   Eng- 


COLONEL    GEEARD    FOWKE.  H 

lish  records,  19  children;  according  to  tlie  Vir- 
ginia records,  15.  We  are  not  concerned  with  any 
of  these  except  the  sixth  son, 

(201) — Gerard  Fowke;  Gentleman  of  the  Bed-Chamber 
to  King  Charles  I;  Colonel  in  the  British  Army; 
escaped  to  Virginia  after  the  battle  of  Worcester 
in  1651;  died  in  Maryland  in  1669.  Besides 
plantations  in  Virginia,  he  owned  '•  Gunston," 
"'Cedar  Hill,"  "  Hill  Top,"  and  other  places  near 
ISTanjemoy  and  Port  Tobacco  in  Charles  Country, 
Maryland.  It  seems  he  was  twice  married.  By  the 
first  marriage  (name  of  wife  unknown)  was  a  son 
— ^Gerard,  of  whom  there  is  no  further  record. 
— Jean,  who  married  a  Mercer. 
He  married  in  1661  Anne  Chandler,  by  whom 
there  were  four  children — 

(301) — ^Adam,  died  young. 

(302) — Elizabeth,  married  William  Dent,  "  an  eminent 
lawyer  of  ISTanjemoy." 

(303) — Gerard,  born  in  1662  or  '63,  married  Sarah 
Burdett  of  Charles  county,  Maryland,  in  1686. 
Dr.  Horner  (1822)  states  that  he  married  a  Miss 
Lomax,  and  that  he  "  was  told  so  by  Mrs.  Mc- 
Grnder  and  Mrs.  Alexander;"  but  no  other  men- 
tion of  this  marriage  has  been  found. 

(304) — Mary,  married  George  Mason  of  Virginia. 
George  Mason,  author  of  "  Virginia  Bill  of 
Eights,"  and  James  M.  Mason  of  the  Civil  War 
period,  were  among  her  descendants. 

(303) — ^Gerard  Fowke  was  father  of: 

(401) — Gerard  Fowke,  who  died  unmarried. 

(402) — Chandler  Fowke,  married  Mary,  daughter  of 
Captain  Kichard  Fossaker  of  Stafford  or  King 
George  county,  Virginia;  he  '  was  a  Justice  with 
George  Mason."     (A) 


12  MARYLAND    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

(403) — ^Roger  Fowke,  married  Anne  Stone  and  died  in 

Maryland.     (B) 
(404) — Anne  Fowke,  married  Robert  Alexander,  found- 
er of  Alexandria,  Virginia. 
(405) — Frances  Fowke,  married  Dr.  Giistavus  Brown, 

of  Cliarles  county,  Maryland. 
(406) — Catherine  Fowke,  married  Ellswortli  Bayne. 
(407) — Elizabetli  Fowke,  died  unmarried. 
(A)     (402)— Chandler  Fowke  had 

(501) — ^Gerard   Fowke,   married  Ms  iQousin  Elizabeth 

Dinwiddle.     (C) 
(502) — Chandler   Fowke,   married   Mary,    daughter   of 

Thomas   Harrison  of   King   George  county,   Vir- 
ginia.     (D) 
(503) — William  Fowke,  married  his  cousin  (509)  Jane 

Fowke.     They  left  no  descendants. 
(504) — ^Richard    Fowke,    married    Anne,    dau^ter    ot 

Thomas  Bunbury  of  King  George  county.    He  died 

in  the  Revolutionary  Army.     (E) 
(505) — Elizabeth   Fowke,    married   Zechariab   Brazier. 
(506) — ^Anne    Fowke,    married    Hooe,    of    Alexandria, 

Virginia. 
(507) — ^Susannah  Fowke,  married  Henry  Peyton,  March 

15,  1764. 

(B)  (403) — ^Roger  Fowke,  had  a  son  and  a  daughter. 
(508) — ^Gerard  Fowke,  of  ISTanjemoy.      (F) 

(509) — Jane  Fowke,  married  (503)  William  Fowke. 

(C)  (501) — 'Gerard  Fowke  had  seven  sons  and  four  daugh- 

ters: 
(601) — Chandler,  or  George  Chandler,  "went  south." 

Married   Miss  Frazier   of   South   Carolina.     No 

record. 
(602) — Roger  Fowke,  "went  south."    IsTo  record. 
(603) — Gerard  Fowke,  "went  south."    No  record. 
(604) — ^William  Fowke,  married  Bronaugh.    'No  record. 


COLONEL    GERARD    FOWXE.  13 

(605) — ^Eobert  Dinwiddie  Fowke,  born  Sept.  20,  1746. 

Married  Peachy.     'No  record. 
(606)— Elizabeth  Fowke,  married  Col.  William  Phillips 

of  Virginia. 
(607)— -George  Fowke,  bom  in  1764.     Married  Sarah 

Bartlett  of  (West)  Virginia.    Went  to  Kentucky. 

(O) 
(608) — Enfield,    or  lAnphel,    Fowke,    mairried   Gabriel 

Jones  Johnston,  a  noted  lawyer  of  Louisville,  Ken- 
tucky. 
(609) — John  Fowke,  Iborn  June  26,  1757.     No  record. 
(610) — Mary  Fowke,   married   Slaughter  of   Culpeper 

county,  Virginia. 
(611) — Sarah  Fowke,  married  Wiley  Eoy  of  Fauquier 

county,  Virginia. 

(D)  (502)— ^Chandler  Fowke  had: 

(612) — Frances  Fowke,  married  Bradford. 

(613) — I^ellie  Fowke,  married  Latham. 

(614) — Sarah    Fowke,    married    Hewlett    of    Charles 

county. 
(615) — John  Sidneyham  Fowke,  went  to  Aiken,  South 

Carolina,  where  he  married  Sarah  Johnston.     (H) 
(616) — Thomas  Harrison  Fowke,  born  June,  1770,  died 

in  King  George  county  in  1843.     Married  Susan 

Baker.     (I) 

— Four  other  daughters,  none  of  whom  married. 

(E)  (504) — Richard  Fowke  had  four  children. 

(621) — Roger  Fowke,  married  Susan  Hawes  of  Essex  or 
King  William  county,  Virginia.  Went  from  Fau- 
quier county,  Virginia,  to  Mason  county,  Ken- 
tucky, in  1804.      (J) 

(622) — Susannah  Fowke,  married  Ben  Berry. 

(623) — Judith  Fowke,  married  Enoch  Berry. 

(624) — Lucy  Fowke,  married  Alexander  Hawes. 

(F)  (508) — Gerard  Fowke  had  two  sons. 


14  MARYLAND    HISTOEICAL    MAGAZINE. 

(626) — ^Koger  Fowke,  married  Miss  Rudd  of  Charles 
coiinty.     ^0  record. 

(627) — 'Gerard  Fowke,  married  Sallie  Hanson  of  Oharles 
county.     (K) 
(G)     (607) — George  Fowke  had  seven  children. 

(705) — Elizabeth   Dinwiddie   Fowke,    died   unmarried. 

(706) — ^Anne  Fowke,  married  Grimes.    Went  to  Illinois. 

(707) — Gerard  Fowke,  horn  1791,  married  Anne  Rogers. 
He  served  in  the  War  of  1812.  Went  to  Missouri, 
where  he  died  (at  Paris)  in  1881.  He  was  the 
last  Fowke  who  bore  the  original  full  name.     (L) 

(708) — Richard  Fowke,  married  Susan  E.  Hite.  Was 
in  the  War  of  1812.  Saw  Tecumseh  killed.  Died 
in  Clarksiburg,  West  Virginia,  in  1866.     (M) 

(709) — ^Mary  Fowke,  married  Bartlett. 

(710)— William  Chandler  Fowke,  born  in  1796.  Went 
to  Illinois.    'No  record.       (*) 

(711) — John  Sidneyham  Fowke,  born  in  1800.     Mar- 
ried Stealey.    Went  to  Missouri.      (N) 
(H)     (615) — John   Sidneyham  Fowke    (of  South  Carolina) 
had  one  son. 

(723) — Richard  Chandler  Fowke,  married  Allin.    Died 
in  South  Carolina.     (O) 
(I)      (616) — Thomas  Harrison  Fowke  had  one  son  and  four 
daughters. 

(724) — Samuel  B.  Fowke,  married  Ellen  Jenkins  of 
King  George  county.    Died  in  1873.     (P) 

(725)— Eliza  Fowke,  married  Clift  of  Washington,  D.  C. 

(726) — Biicy  B.  Fowke,  married  Sisson. 
(727) — Anne  Fowke,  married  Lexington'. 
(728) — ^Mary  Fowke,  died  unmarried. 
(J)      (621) — Roger  Fowke  had  seven  children. 

*  There  was  a  "  William  Fowke,  born  in  Loudon  county,  Virginia,  in 
1793,  who  settled  in  Sangamon  county,  Illinois,"  where  he  died.  Most, 
or  all  of  his  children  "went  to  Iowa."  This  was  not  (710)  William  C, 
and  his  name  can  not  be  found  in  Virginia  records. 


COLONEL    GEEARD    FOWKE.  15 

(T29)— Anne  Bunburj  Fowke,  born  in  1800.     Married 

Ignatius  Mitchell  of  Mason  county,  Kentucky. 
(730)— Richard   Chandler   Fowke,   went  to  Louisiana. 

ITo  record. 
(731)— Elizaibeth    Towke,    married    Col.     Charles    S. 

Mitchell  of  Mason  county,  Kentucky. 
(732) — Caroline  Fowke,  married  Dr.  Charles  AUin  of 

Henderson  county,  Kentucky. 
(733) — ^Roger  Fowke,  died  young. 
(734) — Gerard  Fowke,  died  young. 
(735) — William  Fowke.     Left  no  descendants. 
(K)    (627) — Gerard  Fowke   (married  Hanson)   had; 

(751) — Eoger  Fowke,  married  a  daughter  of  Richard 
Robbins  Reeder,  near  Port  Tobacco,  about  1783. 
(Q) 
(752)^ — Katie  Fowke,  married  Jack  Robertson  of  Scot- 
land. 
(753) — Sallie  Fowke,  married  Dr.   John  Chapman  of 

Port  Tobacco.     She  died  about  1800. 
(754) — Gerard  Fowke,  married  Margery  Smith.     Died 
in  Maryland.     (R) 
(L)      (707)— ^Gerard  Fowke  had 

(*) — Sarah  A.  Fowke,  married  Bridgeforth;  died  in 

1840. 
(*) — Joseph  Russell  Fowke,  born  in  1828.     Left  no 

sons. 
(*) — Valentine  Fowke.    ISTo  record. 
(*) — Mary  J.  Fowke,  married  Marcus  Wills. 
(*) — ^Marenda  Fowke,  married  Stephen  Woodson. 
(*) — Lucy  Fowke,  married  Lother. 
(*) — Susan  Fowke,  married  IST.  Wilson. 
(M)     (708) — ^Richard  Fowke  (married  Hite)  had 

(804)— Sarah  E.  Fowke,  bom  in  1835,  married  :N'.  E. 

Worthington,  a  lawyer  of  Peoria,  Illinois. 
(805) — Susan  C.  Fowke,  married  Dr.  Theo.  F.  Lang,  of 
Baltimore. 


16  MAEYLAND    HISTOEICAI.    MAGAZINE. 

(806) — Caroline  S.  Fowke,  married  D.  W.  Eobinson  of 

Clarksburg,  West  Virginia. 
(807) — Mary  C.  Fowke,  married  P.  H.  Goodman. 
(808) — ^William  Peyton  Fowke,  married  Missouri  Fittes. 

Lived  at  Buchanan,  West  Virginia.     (S) 
(809)— Ella  Hite  Fowke,  married  R.  E.  Post. 
(N)      (711) — Jolm  Sidneyham  Fowke  had 

(811) — William  E.  Fowke,  married  Penn.    'No  record. 
(812) — Sarah  E.  Fowke,  married  Moon,  and  then  Harvey 

Arnold. 
(813) — Susan  Fowke,  married  Dr.  Joseph  West. 

(*) — George  Fowke,  "  went  to  San  Jacinto,  Califor- 
nia."   No  record. 
(*) — ^Anne  Fowke  who,  it  is  said,  '^'married  a  Fowke" ; 

hut  there  is  no  further  record. 
(0)      (723) — Richard  Chandler  Fowke  had  nine  children. 

(815) — Sarah    Massilon    Fowke,    married    Michael    D. 

Treanor,  then  Captain  Richard  Johnston  (of  Sa- 
vannah, Georgia,  prohaibly). 
(816) — ^Caroline  Hewlett  Fowke,  married  William  H. 

Dickerson  of  Savannah. 
(817)— John  Cargill  Allin  Fowke,  horn  April  11,  1837. 

Married  Miss  Cater.    Died  in  South  Carolina.    (T) 
(818) — ^Richard  Clarence  Fowke,  died  unmarried. 
(819) — Gustavus  Ford  Fowke,  died  unmarried. 
(820) — Hanitta   Amelia   Fowke,   married   William   H. 

Hewlett. 
(821) — Susan  Rosahelle  Fowke,  married  D.  W.  Wood- 

rufi  of  Savannah. 
(822) — Julienne  Paul  Fowke,  died  unmarried. 
(823) — Medora   Jessie  May  Fiowke,   married   W.   W. 

Chisholm. 
(P)      (724) — Samuel  B.  Fowke  had  four  children. 

(824) — ^William  Thomas  Fowke,  died  unmarried. 
(825) — Susan  Fowke,  born  in  1848,  married  Reed  of 

Westmoreland  county,  Virginia. 


COLONEL    GERARD    FOWEE.  lY 

(826) — Thaddeus  Edgar  Fowke,  of  Occoquan,  Virginia. 
If  the  law  of  primogeniture  prevailed  here,  he 
would  be  the  "  head  of  the  family  "  in  America. 
No  record. 
(827) — Eoy  Talford  Fowke,  lived  in  King  George 
county,  Virginia.  'No  record. 
(Q)      (T51 ) — Eoger  Fowke  had  one  son. 

(828) — ^Harrison   Fowke,   married  Weaver.     Lived  in 
Fauquier  county.     (U) 
(E)      (Y54) — Gerard  Fowke   (married  Margery  Smith)  had 
two  sons. 
(831) — Gerard  Fowke,  married  a  daughter  of  Zachariah 
Price,  of  Bellmont  on  ISTanjemoy  creek,  in  Charles 
county.     (V) 
(832) — James  Fowke,  married  a  sister  of  his  brother's 
wife.    No  record. 
(S)      (808) — ^William  Peyton  Fowke  had  one  son. 
(*) — Eichard  S.  Fowke.    No  record. 
(*) — Three  daughters.    No  record. 
(T)      (817) — John  Cargill  Allin  Fowke  had  three  sons. 

(*)_John  Cargill  Allin  Fowke.    "  Went  to  Georgia." 

No  record. 
(*) — Clarence  Fowke.    No  record. 
(*) — Cater  Fowke.    No  record. 
(*) — Five  daughters.    No  record. 
(TJ)      (828) — ^Harrison  Fowke  had  one  son. 
(*) — ^Frederick  Fowke.    No  record. 
(*) — Four  daughters.    No  record. 
(V)      (831) — Gerard  Fowke  (married  Price). 

(90l)_Mary  Fowke,  bom  about  1803,  married  Joseph 

Young  of  Port  Tobacco. 
(902) — Catherine  Elizabeth  Fowke,  married  Dr.  Francis 

E.  Wills  of  Charles  county. 
(903) — ^William  Augustus  Fowke,  died  unmarried. 
(904)_Verlinda  Stone  Fowke,  born  in  1813,  married 

Dr.  A.  H.  Eobertson  of  Baltimore.    (W) 
2 


18  MARYLAND    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

(W)  (904) — ^Verlinda  Stone  (Fowke)  Eo'bertsoii  had  three 
children,  one  a  son,  William  Augustus  Fowke 
Eobertson,  who  dropped  his  last  name,  and  so  far 
as  known  was  the  last  Fowke  in  Maryland. 

After  the  death  of  (Y07)  Gerard  Fowke,  the  writer,  who  is  a 
grandson  of  (731)  Elizaheth  (Fowke)  Mitchell,  was  given  the 
name  bj  legal  enactment. 

These  are  all  the  Fowkes  who  are  undoubtedly  descendants 
of  Col.  Fowke,  whom  I  have  been  able  to  trace  in  years  of 
diligent  work,  involving  many  journeys  and  the  writing  of 
hundreds  of  letters.  Altogether,  there  are  only  fifty-five  male 
descendants  found  during  a  period  of  more  than  250  years;  and 
not  one  of  these  has  ever  accomplished  anything  which  would 
make  him  worthy  of  taking  a  place  at  the  side  of  his  immigrant 
ancestor,  ^o  doubt  there  were,  and  possibly  are,  many  others ; 
but  no  one  seems  to  know  anything  about  them  if  such  is  the 
case.  And  as  said  elsewhere,  there  are  a  few  Fowkes  known  of 
who  can  not  be  made  to  fit  into  this  list. 

From  a  study  of  old  pictures ;  from  family  and  other  records 
and  traditions ;  from  descriptions  obtained  from  those  who  knew 
some  of  the  name  that  were  born  long  prior  to  the  Revolutionary 
War; — the  Fowkes  of  the  earlier  times  seem  to  have  been  a 
people  of  remarkable  personality.  For  several  generations, 
under  diverse  circumstances,  the  "  Fowke  blood  "  made  itself 
manifest.  Physically,  they  were  robust,  heavy-set,  large,  never 
slender,  never  short,  yet  never  appearing  tall  because  their  bulk 
made  their  stature  less  apparent.  Their  eyes  were  usually 
dark  blue,  keen,  penetrating,  clear,  cold,  with  a  stern,  direct, 
look  that  forbade  any  attempt  at  familiarity.  The  hair  was 
black  or  very  dark,  straight  and  abundant.  The  nose  was  large, 
either  straight  or  slightly  arched,  with  only  a  slight  depression 
or  often  no  depression  at  all,  between  the  eyes.  They  were 
intensely  proud,  even  haughty ;  indomitable ;  not  to  be  swerved 
from  any  course  they  marked  out  for  themselves ;  easily  aroused, 
and  ferocious  when  angered.     There  is  a  striking  resemblance 


SOME    EARLY    COLOlSriAL    MAETLANDEES.  19 

in  the  pictures  of  those  dead  long  ago,  to  those  who  were  living 
in  tlie  last  century.  But  it  is  a  singular  fact,  that  while  these 
resemblances  of  body  and  mind  seem  to  have  characterized  the 
family  wherever  they  may  have  scattered,  up  to  and  including 
the  sixth  generation  from  the  immigrant  Colonel  Gerard 
Fowke,  they  seem  to  have  disappeared  at  once  and  completely 
in  that  generation.  They  hold  true  with  many  whom  I  have 
known  among  the  older  people,  but  are  entirely  absent  among 
those  coming  later.  It  is  as  if  this  personality  had  maintained 
itself  to  the  utmost  limit  and  then  vanished  utterly. 


SOME  EARLY  COLONIAL  MARYLANDERS 

McHenky  Howaed 

(Continued  from  Vol.  XV,  p.  324.) 


8.     Captain  Luke  Oaedinee,  and  the  coming  of  the  Gardiners. 

Luke  Gardiner  came  into  the  Colony  of  Maryland  in  1637 
under  the  name  of  Luke  Garnett — or,  at  least,  his  name  is  so 
written  in  the  records  for  a  time — 'but  as  to  how  he  came  these 
early  records  are  not  consistent  in  their  accounts.  And  as  the 
entries  in  the  Land  Office  Books  give  a  curious  insight  into  the 
way  the  Land  Office  side  of  the  Government  worked — and,  some 
will  think,  how  it  was  "worked" — ^these  entries  will  be  given  in 
some  detail. 

In  Liber  L.  O.  R.  No.  1  of  the  Record  Books  in  the  Land 
Office  at  Annapolis,  on  page  7,  is  the  following  entry:  "Came 
into  this  Province  the  8th  of  August  1637  Mr.  Thos.  Copley  ^ 
and  Mr.  John  Knolls  ^  who  have  transported  Robert  Hedger, 
Luke  Garnett,  ..."  [7  others.]  ^    This  entry  is  printed  in  the 

*  Thomas  Copley  is  said  to  have  been  a  Catholic  priest  and  John  Knowles 
a  lay  brother;  Maryland  Historical  Magazine,  Vol.  1,  p.  298. 

'  These  earliest  books  seem  (to  give  an  accoimt  of  what  was  going  on  in 
the  Colony,  the  arrival  of  immigrants,  &c. 


20  MARYLAND    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

Maryland  Historical  Magazine,  Volume  5,  page  166.  And  on 
page  20  of  the  Land  Office  Liber  is  "Entered  'by  Mr.  Copley 
.  .  .  Brougbt  into  the  Province  in  the  year,  1637,  Mr.  Thomas 
Copley,  Mr.  John  Knowles,  Robt.  Hedger,  Luke  Garnett  .  .  ." 
[12  others],  Which  is  printed  in  the  same  volume  of  the  Maga- 
zine, page  169.  And  on  18  April  1642  Thomas  Copley,  Esqr., 
demands  4,000  acres  for  transporting  into  the  Province  himself 
and  20  able  men  at  his  charge  in  1637,  and  among  them  Luke 
Gamett.  (Same  Liber,  Page  25,  and  same  volume  of  the  Maga- 
zine, page  173). 

On  4  December  1639  (?)  Mr.  fferdinando  Pulton  ^  demands 
land  due  by  conditions  of  plantation  under  these  titles  following, 
viz.,  for  men  brought  in  by  several  persons  whose  assignee  said 
Pulton  is  and  for  men  brought  in  his  own  right  ...  as  assignee 
of  Mr.  Thomas  Copley  1637  .  .  .  Luke  Garnett  .  .  .     (Same 

Liber,  page  ,  and  Magazine,  page  267).     And  according 

to  page  268  of  the  Magazine,  Mr.  Pulton  demanded  also  140 
acres  (of  the  Town  Land  ?)  for  men  transported  before  1638, 
among  them  Luke  Garnett.  How  these  conflicting  claims  were 
settled,  and  with  Luke's  own  claim  which  will  appear  presently, 
if  they  were  not  all  or  several  of  them  admitted,  might  be  dis- 
covered from  a  tedious  examination  of  the  land  patents. 

In  Liber  L.O.R.  '^o.  1,  after  the  entry  first  quoted  above,  is  the 
further  entry:  [Came  into  this  Province  the  8th  of  August  1637 
&c.]  "Richard  Garnett,  Senior,  who  has  transported  his  wife, 
Richard  Garnett,  his  son  .  .  ."  (Same  Vol.  of  the  Magazine, 
page  166.)  And  on  page of  the  same  Liber  Richard  Gar- 
nett demands  for  transporting  himself  in  1637;  but  this  is 
marked  "IST.  B.  Crossed  out,"  and  on  4  December  1640  he  de- 
mands to  have  granted  to  him  a  manor  of  1,000  acres  for  trans- 
portation of  himself,  his  wife  and  4  children  and  2  servants 
into  this  Province  in  1637,  and  on  5  December  a  warrant  is 
issued  to  the  Surveyor  to  lay  lout  for  him  a  manor  of  1,000 
acres  on  the  South  side  of  the  Patuxent  River,  who  returns  on  6 
December  his  certificate  of  the  laying  out  of  the  1,000  acres 

•  Catholic  priest;  Maryland  Historical  Magazine,  Vol.  1,  p.  299. 


SOME  EARLY  COLONIAL  MAEYLANDERS.  21 

''bounding  on  the  North  with  St.  Lawrence  Creek  and  a  parallel 
line  drawn  from  the  Westernmost  bite  of  said  creek  where  the 
manor  of  St.  Gregorie  ends,  due  West  till  it  intersects  the  path 
waj  leading  over  the  head  of  the  said  St.  Lawrence's  Creek,  on 
the  West  with  a  Meridian  Line  drawn  from  the  said  Intersection 
for  the  length  of  530  perches,  on  the  South  with  a  parallel  line 
drawn  from  the  end  of  the  said  530  perches  due  East  until  it 
intersects  the  Meridian  of  the  Southernmost  branch  of  St. 
Steven's  Creek,  where  the  manor  of  the  Conception  ends,  and 
on  the  East  with  Patuxent  River.  This  demand,  warrant  and  re- 
turn are  also  on  page  77  of  Liber  A.  B.  &  H. — such  repetitions 
are  quite  common  in  the  early  Libers — and  they  are  printed  in 
full  on  page  366  of  Volume  5  of  this  Magazine.  In  this  claim 
Richard  Garnett  may  not  have  included  Luke  among  the  4  chil- 
dren for  whom  he  demanded. 

Richard  "Garnett"  also  appears  under  that  name,  with  a  few 
exceptions,  in  other  early  Maryland  Archives.  As  Richard  Gar- 
nett, Senior,  of  Mattaponient  [Hundred — before  the  erection 
of  Counties],  planter,  he  took  his  seat  in  the  first  General  As- 
sembly of  Ereemen,  or  the  first  of  which  we  have  knowledge,*  on 
25  January  1637/8.  (Archives  of  Maryland,  printed,  Pro- 
ceedings lof  the  Assembly  1637/8-1664,  page  2  and  following 
pages;  on  page  106  Richard  Gardner  of  Mattaponient  appears 
by  proxy  in  1641  to  answer  for  him  at  the  next  "  Parliament.") 
He  very  frequently  also  appears  in  the  Archives,  Provincial 
Court  1637-1650,  as  a  litigant  or  otherwise,  the  name  being 
generally  written  Garnett,  but  sometimes  Gardyner,  or  Gardiner. 
In  these  Provincial  Court  Records,  1637-1650  and  1649/50- 
1657,  Luke,  his  son,  of  whom  presently,  in  his  frequent  appear- 
ances  is  with  few  exceptions   named   "Gardiner."   In   1641 

*For  a  time  after  the  landing  of  the  first  "Adventurers"  in  Maryland 
in  March  1634  they  were  probably  too  busily  engaged  in  settling  themselves 
in  their  new  homes  to  take  up,  or  need,  any  matters  of  legislation.  When 
Assemblies  were  first  held — if  there  were  any  before  that  of  1637/8 — we 
do  not  know.  For  a  few  years  these  Assemblies  were  of  all  the  freemen 
of  the  Colony,  all  having  the  right,  and  it  being  their  duty  to  appear  in 
person  or  by  proxy.  This  being  inconvenient,  the  election  of  delegates  or 
Burgesses  for  (the  Hundreds  or  Counties  was  soon  substituted. 


22  MARYLAND    HISTOKICAL    MAGAZINE. 

"  rich.  Garnett  sen^  "  was,  with,  other  inhabitants  of  St.  Mary's 
County,  assessed  for  the  expenses  of  defense  against  the  Indians 
the  preceding  summer.  (Proceedings  of  the  Council  1636-1667, 
page  137).  He  was  living  in  1644  as  the  above  references 
show,  but  probably  died  in  that  year.    No  will  appears. 

A  Captain  Hichard  Gardiner  of  Calvert  County  is  in  later 
Maryland  Records,  but  whether  he  was  the  Richard,  son  of 
Richard  Gamett-'Gardiner  whom  hifi  father  claimed  to  have 
transported  in  1637,  is  not  shown.  If  he  was  the  same  he  became 
a  Protestant  (whereas  the  G^ar diner  family,  for  several  genera- 
tions at  least,  was  zealously  Catholic),  for  in  1692,  in  the  first 
organization  of  Protestant  Parishes,  he  was  a  Vestryman  of  All 
Faith's  Church  and  Parish  in  Calvert  County.  (Archives,  Pro- 
ceedings of  the  Council  1687/8-1693,  p.  474,  and  1696/7-1698, 
p.  18).  And  yet  a  (younger)  Luke  Gardiner  is  a  witness  to  his 
will  in  1693,  indicating  relationship,  and  he  devises  land  in  St. 
Mary's  County.  (Baldwin's  Calendar,  Vol.  2,  page  67).  A 
Richard  Gardiner  had  demanded  land  on  11  December  1665 
"  for  his  freedom  right,"  that  is,  on  expiration  of  his  term  of 
service. 

Contradicting  the  claims  of  others  for  transportation,  Luke 
Gardiner,  after  enquiring  of  Governor  Thomas  Greene  what  had 
been  the  Conditions  of  Plantation  between  1633  and  1637 
(Archives,  Proceedings  of  the  Council  1636-1664,  page  259), 
on  10  March  1650/1  "demandeth  land  as  due  to  him  for  the 
transportation  of  Richard  Gardiner,  his  father,  and  his  wife, 
Luke's  mother,  deceased,  Richard,  himself  and  John  Gardiner, 
his  son  (s?);  Elias  Beach,  their  manservant;  Elizabeth  and 
Julian  Gardiner,  their  daughters,  and  Mary  Derrick  in  Anno 
1637.  And  for  the  transportation  of  Luke  himself  and  Julian, 
his  sister,  after  they  were  forced  out  Anno  1647.  And  50  acres 
due  to  Richard  Lustick,  servant  to  Mr.  Copley,  who  married 
Luke's  sister,  deceased,  who  survived  her  said  hsband."  (Land 
Office  Liber  L.  O.  R.  No.  1,  page  167,  and  Maryland  Historical 
Magazine,  Vol.  9,  page  39).  The  claim  for  land  after  Luke  and 
his  sister  Julian  had  been  "forced  out  Anno  1647"  refers  to 


SOME    EAKLY    COLONIAL    MAETLANDEKS.  23 

Claiborne  and  Ingle's  Eebellion  when  Governor  Leonard  Cal- 
vert, witli  adherents,  were  compelled  to  take  refuge  in  Virginia 
for  a  short  time,  but  to  make  their  return  from  a  brief  exile  the 
basis  for  a  new  claim  for  land  certainly  seems  a  straining  of 
the  Conditions  of  Plantation.  However,  the  Proprietary  got  his 
quit  rents  and  land  was  superabundant. 

Luke  Gardiner  had  already,  on  28  September  1650  "demand- 
ed 100  acres  for  transporting  himself  into  this  Province  out 
of  Virginia  in  the  year  164Y,  and  desireth  that  Saeaweykitt, 
being  the  Plantation  which  was  his  father's,  may  be  granted  to 
him  upon  this  title."  (Liber  L.  0.  K.  ITo.  3,  page  65 ;  Liber 
A.  B.  &  H.,  page  50 ;  Maryland  Historical  Magazine,  Vol.  8, 
page  267) .  And  he  had  evidently  written  to  Lord  Baltimore  on 
the  su'bject  of  his  claims  and  the  mistake  in  his  and  his  father's 
name,  for  on  page  206  of  Liber  A.  B.  &  H.  there  is  a  letter  from 
Caecilius,  Lord  Baltimore  to  Governor  William  Stone  contain- 
ing the  following  instructions: 

".  .  .  And  also  to  pass  another  grant  to  Luke  Gardiner  and 
his  heirs  (he  being  the  son  and  heir  of  Eichard  Gardiner),  of 
the  manor  of  St.  Richard's,  containing  1,000  acres,  which  we 
find  was  formerly  passed  by  patent  to  said  Richard  Gardiner 
and  his  heirs  by  the  name  of  Richard  Garnett,  his  name  being 
mistaken  in  the  said  grant,  but  (as  we  are  informed),  the  said 
Luke  having  lost  his  patent  also  in  the  late  troubles  there,  he 
cannot  make  his  rights  to  said  land  appear  nor  consequently  en- 
joy the  same  without  a  new  grant  from  us  which  we  conceive 
ourselves  bound  in  Justice  and  Honour  to  give  him. 
***** 

Given  at  London  26  August  in  the  20th  year  of  our  Domin- 
ion and  in  the  year  of  our  Lord  1651.  C.  Baltimore." 
(Maryland  Historical  Magazine,  Vol.  3,  page  162). 

On  page  226  of  Liber  A.  B.  &  H.,  under  date  of  9  August 
1652,  there  is  an  entry  reciting  that  whereas  Luke  Gardiner 
transported  himself  and  Julian  his  sister  into  the  Province  in 
1647  .  .  .     Therefore  directing  a  warrant  to  lay  out  for  him 


24  MAKTLANI)   HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

200  acres  on  Soutli  side  of  Patuxent  River  at  a  place  there 
called  Saccawakitt  formerly  seated  hj  Richard  Gardiner,  his 
father.  And  on  page  238,  under  date  of  "last  day"  of  Decem- 
ber 1652  is  a  grant  to  Luke  Gardiner,  son  of  Richard  by  the 
name  of  Richard  Garnett  of  1,000  acres  as  a  manor.  These  are 
probably  in  settlement  of  Luke's  demand  of  28  September  1650 
and  Lord  Baltimore's  direction  of  26  August  1651.  And  he  took 
out  patents  for  other  lands  as  assignee  of  the  rights  of  other 
persons,  &c.  (L.  O.  R.  'N'O.  1,  page  171 ;  Liber  A.  B.  &  H.,  pages 
47,  66;  Liber  No.  9,  page  69).  He  probaibly  lived  for  some 
time  on  what  had  been  his  father's  plantation  in  the  Eastern 
part  of  St.  Mary's  County,  but  seems  to  have  moved  to  the  strong 
Catholic  neighborhood  of  (old)  ISTewtown  in  the  Southwestern 
part. 

In  Marc'h  1659/60  (Old  Style)  he  was  elected  a  Burgess  to 
the  Lower  House  of  Assembly  for  St.  Mary's  County,^  but  his 
name  is  not  mentioned  as  one  of  those  sitting  in  that  short  ses- 
sion which  ended  on  14  March  in  dissension  between  the  Gor- 
ernor  and  the  House.  He  was  elected  again  in  the  latter 
part  of  1660  (O.  S.)  to  the  next  Assembly  and  took  his  seat  on 
the  first  day  of  the  session,  17  April  1661.^  He  again  appears 
as  Burgess  for  St.  Mary's  County  in  the  new  Assembly  at  the 
opening  of  the  session,  1  April  1662.'^  He  seems  not  to  have 
been  a  Burgess  again  until  1671,  when  Capt.  Luke  Gardiner 
appears  at  the  beginning  of  the  session,  27  March,  as  one  of  the 
"Deputies  or  Delegates"  for  St.  Mary's  County.^ 

Luke  Gardiner  was  commissioned  a  Justice  of  the  Peace  for 
St.  Mary's  County  14  June  1661  ^  and  as  Capt.  Luke  Gardiner 
was  re-commissioned  5  September  1664  ^"^  and  appears  sitting 
in  the  County  Court  at  !N"ewtown  in  March  1663/4  and  March 

■  Archives,  Proceedings  of  the  Assembly  1637/8-1664,  p.  384. 

•  Archives,  Proceedings  of  the  Assembly  1637/8-1664,  p.  396. 

'  Archives,  Proceedings  of  the  Assembly  1637/8-1664,  pp.  426,  441. 
»  Archives,  Proceedings  of  the  Assembly  1666-1676,  pp.  239,  243,  311. 

•  Archives,  Proceedings  of  the  Council  1636-1667,  p.  422. 

"  AjTchives,  Proceedings  of  the  Council  1636-1667,  p.  503. 


SOME    EARLY    COLONIAL    MAEYLANDEKS.  25 

1665/6.^^  And  lie  was  again  appointed  Justice  and  of  the 
Quorum  19  August  1668.^2 

On  28  January  1660/1  lie  was  commissioned  Lieutenant 
under  Colonel  William  Evans  of  the  foot  Company  by  him  to  be 
raised  between  Wiccocomako  River  and  Bretton's  Bay.^^  And 
on  24  April  1661  he  is  styled  Captain-Lieutenant  under  the 
command  of  William  Evans.^*    He  is  thereafter  styled  Captain. 

In  illustrations  of  the  state  at  this  time  of  even  the  lower  and 
first  settled  part  of  the  Colony,  it  may  be  mentioned  that  Captain 
Luke  Gardiner  was  paid  bounties  for  wolves'  heads  on  25  Sep- 
tember 1666  1^  and  22  October  1667.i« 

Before  April  1654  Luke  Gardiner  married  Elizabeth  Hatton, 
daughter  of  Eichard  Hatton  of  London,  who,  with  her  mother, 
2  brothers  and  2  sisters,  had  come  to  Maryland  in  1649  under 
the  auspices  of  her  uncle,  Secretary  Thomas  Hatton  (Liber  L. 
O.  R.  N^o.  1,  page  440,  Liber  A.  B.  &  H.,  page  422 ;  Davis's 
Day  Star,  page  200).  On  the  23rd  of  April  1654  he  was  cited 
to  appear  before  the  Provincial  Court  to  answer  a  charge  of 
detaining  at  his  house  his  wife's  sister,  Elinor  Hatton,  12  years 
old,  to  train  her  up  in  the  Roman  Catholic  religion,  but  on  his 
producing  her  to  the  Court,  she  was  turned  over  to  her  uncle, 
Secretary  Hatton,  and  the  case  was,  as  we  would  now  say, 
"Stetted."  (Liber  L.  O.  R.  :N'o.  1,  pages  561,  563,  and  Ar- 
chives,  Provincial   Court   1649/50-1657,   pages  354,    356). ^^ 

"  Archives,  Proceedings  of  the  Council  1636-1667,  pp.  514,  540. 

"Archives,  Proceedings  of  the  Council  1667-1687/8,  p.  33. 

"  Archives,  Proceedings  of  the  Assembly  1636-1667,  p.  399. 

"  Archives,  Proceedings  of  the  Assembly  1637/8-1664,  p.  401. 

"■  Archives,  Proceedings  of  the  Council  1630-1667,  p.  557. 

"  Archives,  Proceedings  of  (the  Council  1667-1687/8,  p.  20. 

"  Elinor  Hatton  married  1st  Major  Thomas  Brooke,  2nd  Col.  Henry 
Darnall — ^both  Catholics — and  left  issue  by  each.  She  died  in  1725; 
Maryland  Historical  Magazine,  Vol.   1.  p.  71. 

Luke  Gardiner  had  once  before  been  brought  before  tthe  Provincial  Court — 
in  1650,  for  slandering  Col.  John  Price,  a  Member  of  the  Council — but  on 
his  pleading  that  the  slanderous  words  were  spoken  in  a  private  conversa- 
tion with  him  and  with  the  additional  words  "for  ought  he  knew,"  the 
Court,  while  finding  him  guilty  of  "disrespective  expression  to  one  of  his 
Lordship's  Counsel,"  remitted  the  offense  on  his  acknowledging  his  fault, 
upon  hopes  of  a  more  "respective  carriage"  hereafter;  Archives,  Provincial 
Court   1649/50-1657,  page  35. 


26  MARYLAND    HISTOEICAL    MAGAZINE. 

Luke  Gardiner's  will,  dated  4  December  1673,  proved  12 
August  1674  (between  whicb  dates  be  therefore  died),  and  re- 
corded in  tbe  old  Prerogative  Court  in  Liber  IsTo.  1,  page  631 
(now  in  tbe  Land  Office),  and  a  brief  extract  of  wbicb  is  in 
Baldwin's  Calendar  of  Maryland  Wills,  Vol.  1,  page  82,  devises 
a  large  landed  estate  in  St.  Mary's  and  Charles  Counties  to  bis 
wife,  Elizabeth,  and  4  sons,  Richard,  John,  Luke  and  Thomas 
but  if  any  son  change  bis  religion  "that  he  be  no  Catholic"  his 
share  to  be  divided  amongst  his  brothers;  and  besides  other 
tokens  of  his  strong  Catholic  feelings,  he  leaves  tobacco  (cur- 
rency) to  the  priests  at  Newtown  and  Port  Tobacco,  the  one 
living  at  the  Governor's  and  the  one  living  at  the  Chancellor's ; 
and  he  directs  that  he  be  buried  according  to  tbe  ceremony  of  the 
Holy  Catholic  Church.  At  the  foot  of  the  recorded  will  is  an 
entry :  "Whereupon  the  Judge  here  eonsidereth  that  there  being 
no  Executor  in  the  will  named  the  said  Luke  Gardiner  was  dead 
as  intestate  and  therefore  orders  Letters  to  Elizabeth,  the  widow 
of  said  Luke."  This  probably  does  not  mean  to  declare  the  de- 
vises void,  but  to  relate  to  the  conduct  of  the  administration  of 
the  personal  estate.  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Gardiner  married  2°'^ 
Clement  Hill,  Senior,  vt^hose  will,  dated  17  ISTovember  1702  and 
abstracted  in  Baldwin's  Calendar  in  Vol.  3,  page  107,  indicates 
that  she  had  died  before  him  and  left  no  issue  by  him.  Luke 
Gardiner  was  probably  buried  at  the  old  iN'ewtovni  Church. 

Eiichard  Gardiner,  whom  his  father  in  his  will  calls  his  eldest 
son  and  who  apparently  was  then  of  age,  the  others  being  under 
18  years,  although  his  father  had  left  him  Barberton  Manor 
in  Charles  County — on  the  ISTorth  side  of  Piscataway  Creek  and 
therefore  afterwards  in  the  later  formed  Prince  George's  County 
— seems  to  have  chosen  a  residence  in  St.  Mary's  County.  He 
was  appointed  a  "Gentleman  Justice"  of  that  County  on  30 
April  1677  and  was  re-appointed  8  March  1677/8,  2  August 
1679,  13  December  1680  ^^  and  was  again  commissioned  30 
May  1685,1^  also  and  of  the  quorum  28  April  1 686.20 

«  Archives,  Procee<iing9  of  the  Council  1671-1681,  pp.  153,  224,  256,  326. 
"  Archives,  Proceedings  of  the  Council  1681-1685/6,  p.  379. 
*>  Archives,  Proceedings  of  the  Council  1667-1687/8,  p.  462. 


SOME    EABLY    COLONIAL    MAEYLANDEES.  27 

On  6  and  10  September  and  7  and  12  November  1681  be  ap- 
pears sitting  as  a  member  of  tbe  Lower  House  of  Assembly,^^ 
but  on  14  iTovember  1688  tbe  House  finds  tbat  since  tbe  last 
session  a  member  from  St.  Mary's  County,  viz.,  Mr.  Ricbard 
Gardiner,  has  died.^^  Between  1678  and  1688  some  of  tbe 
Journals  of  tbe  Lower  House  are  missing,  some  are  in  bad  con- 
dition and  tbere  were  frequent  prorogations,  so  tbat  it  cannot  be 
determined  wbetber  be  represented  St.  Mary's  County  con- 
tinuously during  tbat  period. 

By  an  act  for  Advancement  of  Trade,  passed  at  tbe  October- 
l^^ovember  session  1683  be  was  appointed  one  of  Commissioners 
to  lay  out  Towns,  Ports  and  otber  public  places  in  St.  Mary's 
County.^^ 

Ricbard  Gardiner  married  Elizabeth  Weire,  daughter  of 
Major  John  Weire,  of  (old)  Rappahannock  County,  Virginia. 
The  late  Wilson  M.  Cary,  well-known  Virginia  and  Maryland 
genealogist,  communicated  to  me  tbe  following  extracts  or  ab- 
stracts from  the  records  of  Essex  County  Court,  Virginia: 
"1672/12/30  George  Jones  relinquishes  all  claim  to  tbe  estate 
of  his  wife  Honoria,  late  widow  and  Executrix  of  Major  John 
Weire  and  of  her  children  John  and  Elizabeth  Weire." 
"1685/11/9  Will  of  Mrs.  Honoria  Jones,  widow  and  relict  of 
Mr.  George  Jones — sick — To  my  dau.  Margaret  Blagg,  wife  of 
Abraham  Blagg,  sole  Executrix — that  seat  lor  tract  of  land  I 
purchased  of  CoU^  John  Vassall  S.  s.  Rapp"^  River  con?.  1195 
acres,  absolutely  at  her  disposal.  To  dau.  Elizabeth  Gardiner 
my  wedding  ring,  which  joyned  me  and  my  husband  Major 
John  Weire  in  matrimonie.  To  son  in  law  Mr.  Abraham  Blagg 
20  sh.  to  buy  a  mourning  ring.  Ditto  to  my  son  Mr.  Ricbard 
Gardiner.  To  my  grandchild  Richard  Watts  [son  of  John  of 
Washington  Parish,  Westm^  Co.?]  1  silver  spoone  1  silver 
trencher  salt.  To  my  grandsons  Abraham  and  Edward  Blagg 
silver  ware  &c.    To  grandsons  Luke  and  John  Gardiner  ditto." 

«  Archives,  Proceedings  of  the  Assembly  1678-1683,  pp.  151,  163,  227,  243. 
«  Archives,  Proceedings  of  the  Assembly  1684-1692,  p.  154. 
'"Archives,  Proceedings  of  the  Assembly  1678-1683,  p.  610. 


28  MAEYLAND    HISTOEICAL    MAGAZINE. 

And  in  the  Virginia  Historical  Magazine,  Vol.  4,  page  434, 
there  is  a  reference  to  a  Deed,  dated  7  July  1697  of  2502  acres 
in  Eiiclunond  County,  Virginia,  by  Elizabeth  Gardiner,  widow, 
of  St.  Mary's  County,  Maryland,  daughter  and  heiress  ©f  John 
Weire,  late  of  (old)  Rappahannock  County,^^  whose  land 
grants  in  1666  had  aggregated  6570  acres. 

The  will  of  Richard  Gardiner,  of  St.  Mary's  County,  dated 
19  April  1687  and  proved  1  and  3  December  1687  and  26  Janu- 
ary 1687/8,  is  recorded  in  the  old  Prerogative  Court  Records 
(now  in  the  Land  Office),  in  Liber  G.,  page  276,  and  an  abstract 
is  in  Baldwin's  Calendar,  Vol.  2,  page  19.  He  devises  lands  in 
St.  Mary's  County  and  in  Charles  County  (Barberton  Manor), 
and  in  Virginia  (near  Rappannock  River),  to  his  wife  Eliza- 
beth, and  his  2  sons,  Luke  and  John.  He  gives  10  pounds  ster- 
ling to  the  priest  that  officiates  at  Newtown  Chapel  ^^  and  6 
pounds  sterling  to  every  other  priest  dwelling  in  Maryland. 
And  he  mentions  his  "honored  father  in  law^®  Mr.  Clement 
Hill"  and  his  honoured  Uncle"  ^^  Coll  Henry  Darnall. 

After  Richard  Gardiner  the  family  does  not  appear  promi- 
nently in  Maryland  political  affairs,  no  doubt  because  of  the 
growing  Protestant  supremacy. 


**  Old  Rappahannock  County  was  quite  different  from  the  present  County 
of  that  name;  Essex  and  Richmond  Counties  were  formed  from  it;  Vir- 
ginia Historical  Magazine,  Vol.  2,  page  91. 

"  Mr.  James  Walter  Thomas  in  his  interesting  and  valuable  book  "Chroni- 
cles of  Colonial  Maryland,"  pages  215-218,  says  that  a  few  scaittered  bricks 
may  sitill  be  found  around  the  site  of  St.  Ignatius  Chapel  at  old  Newtown 
and  which  are  the  only  traces  of  it,  but  that  the  graveyard  surrounding 
the  spot  where  it  stood  has  been  used  as  a  place  of  Roman  Catholic  burial 
for  nearly  two  hundred  and  forty  years.  Newtown,  which  has  been  often 
mentioned  in  these  articles,  was  on  or  near  the  West  side  of  Bretton's  Bay, 
in  a  strong  Catholic  neighborhood  and  no  doubt  many  prominent  Catholics 
were  buried  there.  Perhaps  some  early  tombstone  inscriptions  which  are 
now  fast  wearing  away  may  still  be  deciphered,  as  with  the  Rousby  tomb 
(Rousby  article),  and  such  inscriptions  in  St.  Mary's  County  and  else- 
where should  be  copied  before  it  is  too  late. 

"  Stepfather. 

"  By  marriage. 


EXTRACTS  FROM  THE  CARROLL  PAPERS.  29 

EXTRACTS  FROM  THE  CARROLL  PAPERS 

(Continued   from   Vol.   XV,  p.   291.) 


ApriU  8th  1YY4     [249] 
Dr  'Charley 

I  have  y^»  of  the  4*^  I  realy  wish  the  Oflacers  fees  settled  on 
an  Equitable  footting,  but  if  that  Cannot  be  done  now  I  doubt 
not  it's  being  done  in  the  next  session  of  the  House  by  strong  & 
Proper  Resolves  Encourage  the  People  to  bring  Actions  ag* 
such  officers  as  may  refuse  to  Issue  Process  without  ready  Pay 
&  if  such  Resolves  are  Backed  by  a  few  Spirited  Papers  in  our 
Gazette.  A  few  Recoveries  will  doe  the  Business:  I  suppose 
such  Recoveries  to  be  Certain.  I  wish  by  a  Resolve  every 
Member  would  Engage  not  to  Pay  larger  fees  than  the  Proposed 
Law  allows  &  to  Bring  Actions  ag*^  the  non  acceptors  of  such 
fees;  if  they  are  in  Earnest  the  Propriety  of  such  a  resolve 
Cannot  be  doubted. 

If  you  will  reconsider  my  Remarks  I  believe  you  will  be  of 
Opinion  the  Commissioners  did  not  Exceed  their  Power,  as  the 
inscription  is  supported  by  Positive  proof,  but  more  of  this  when 
I  see  you.     .     .     . 

ApriU  15:  1774     [250] 
Dr  Charley 

I  have  y^^  of  the  10*^  Altho  the  fees  proposed  by  the  Fee 
Bill  may  be  illiberall  yet  if  the  House  does  not  Come  into  the 
Resolutions  mentioned  in  my  last,  or  Resolutions  Similar  to 
them,  the  Hopes  of  Setling  them  by  a  Law  will  in  Effect  be 
given  up  by  the  Lower  House  &  in  my  opinion  Johnson  Chase 
Paca  &  those  you  Call  the  Most  Sensible  part  of  the  House  will 
I  believe  in  the  opinion  of  most  men  be  severely  Censured. 
The  good  Opinion  I  have  of  Johnsons  &c  Judgement  &  integrity 
Satisfies  me  th*  the  Fees  proposed  are  too  Illiberall  but  it  does 


30  MAEYLAND    HISTOKICAL    MAGAZINE. 

not  Satisfy  me  that  they  are  not  under  an  Obligation  to  Support 
a  Measure  determined  by  a  Majority  of  the  House.  When 
their  not  doeing  it  in  the  strongest  Manner  will  be  attended  with 
the  most  fatall  Consequences  to  the  People  they  Represent: 
Pray  urge  this  strongly  to  th°^,  &  if  I  thought  my  opinion  might 
weigh  with  th™  I  would  desier  you  to  press  it  in  my  name. 
You  say  the  men  who  think  the  fees  too  much  reduced  will  not 
Concur  in  Resolves  th*  will  Have  a  Tendency  to  Establish  what 
they  think  unreasonable  But  will  their  not  Concurring  have  an 
infinitely  worse  tendency,  Vzt  to  Establish  the  Insolent  preten- 
sions of  the  Officers  &  Government.  .  .  .  Pray  send  me  a  copy 
of  the  Certificate  of  the  Trusty  Friend  from  the  Patent  &  a 
Copy  of  our  Part  of  the  Trusty  Friend,  it  is  the  Land  about 
Douglasses,  on  w^  I  am  well  informed  Phil:  Hammond  has 
greatly  trespassed.  I  will  Employ  E, :  Davis  to  try  How  much. 
Last  Monday  T  went  to  see  the  Soapstone  5  Acres,  there  is  a 
vast  Quantity  of  it,  the  whole  face  of  the  Hill  which  is  very 
high,  Consists  of  vast  irregular  Broken  Rocks  of  Soap  Stone, 
The  Piny  falls  a  fine  stream  runs  at  the  foot  of  it  w^  makes 
the  Place  very  Romantick.  I  think  I  shall  find  stone  for  the 
Collums  but  it  is  in  generall  fitter  for  flags  &  Paveing,  it  Lays 
much  as  Slate  &  may  be  raised  in  Stones  2  or  3  feet  iSquare  & 
from  2  to  8  or  more  Inches  thick.  My  journey  was  some  what 
unfortunate.  In  my  Return  I  crossed  the  Piny  falls  upon  a 
fallen  tree,  the  ford  being  but  indifferent  for  a  Chair.  We  had 
the  Stallions,  they  took  fright,  Broke  my  Swingle  Tree  snapped 
One  of  my  Traces,  got  to  Fighting,  flung  Will.  He  says  they 
Bit  &  trod  on  Him,  they  scared  Him  at  least  all  most  out  of 
His  Senses.  He  Hollowed  most  Vehemently  for  Help.  M'^ 
Dorsey  who  was  with  me,  Ran  to  His  Assistance,  the  Horses 
were  stopped  by  the  Saplings  &  Bushes.  In  short  after  Having 
been  two  or  three  Hours  walking  up  &  downe  very  Steep  High 
rough  Stony  Hills  we  were  obliged  to  Leave  the  Chair  &  to 
foot  it  to  M^  Dorseys  w^  I  think  made  my  Walk  th*  Day  nigh 
Eight  Miles,  it  agreed  well  with  me,  nor  did  I,  as  I  expected 
find  my  self  fatigued  at  night.  .  .  . 


EXTRACTS  FEOM  THE  CARROLL  PAPERS.  31 

May  27:  1774     [254] 
Dr  Ctarley 

...  I  Hear  Johnson  &c  have  wrote  to  you  pressing  y^  Return 
on  Ace*  of  an  Express  from  Boston.  D :  D :  it  is  sayed  shakes 
His  Head  &  Dreads  Consequences.  He  would  not  advise  us 
to  set  Puleing  &  Moaning  see  His  Considerations,  I  think 
therein  He  advises  a  Cessation  of  Trade,  nothing  more  I  appre- 
hend is  intended. 

P.  S. 

I  forgot  to  take  notice  of  y'"^  of  the  20  &  21^*.  I  shall  observe 
y^  direction  about  Marshall.  I  shall  give  you  my  opinion  on 
y'^  intended  Purchase  when  I  am  acquainted  with  the  Scheme. 
I  hope  the  Colonies  will  be  unanimous  &  Resolute  for  their 
Freedom  depends  upon  their  being  so. 

June  26:  1774     [255] 
Dr  Charley 

I  thank  you  for  y^^  of  yesterday  w^  Gives  a  Pleasing  acct*  of 
the  Provinciall  Meeting.  I  am  Confident  America  will  be 
unanimous  &  Resolute  because  their  all  is  at  stake  &  the  Inso- 
lence of  G:  B:  so  great  as  justly  to  Provoke  every  species  of 
Resentment  they  Can  shew.  .  .  . 

Phila.  7<^^  Sep*  1774     [258] 
Dr  Papa 

I  arrived  here  yesterday  about  12  o'clock.  The  Congress 
was  sitting,  no  strangers  are  admitted,  &  their  deliberations 
are  kept  secret :  I  believe  the  Congress  will  not  continue  to  set 
long,  particularly  in  this  place,  should  the  news  brought  yester- 
day by  an  express  prove  true.  Boston,  it  is  said,  has  been 
canonaded.  General  Gage  had  issued  orders  to  seize  the  powder 
in  the  magazines  in  the  neighbouring  towns,  these  orders  were 
enforced  but  met  with  some  resistance,  which,  it  is  suggested, 
occasioned  the  canonading  Boston.  I  believe  the  ace*  is  mag- 
nified by  distance  &  report,  but  it  is  universally  thought  here 
that  hostilities  were  inevitable:  if  so,  the  Congress  will  break 


32  MARYLAND    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

up  speedily,  after  laying  down  some  regular  plan  of  defence.  I 
hear  great  spirit  &  unanimity  prevail  in  this  Assembly  &  that 
rather  than  submit  to  the  measures  of  Administration  recourse 
will  be  had  to  arms,  a  remedy,  I  confess  violent,  but  no  other 
will  cure  the  present  disorders,  if  hostilities  should  commence 
in  "New  England. 

We  lodge  at  the  city  Tavern  in  2^  Street  close  by  M^s  Yard's. 
My  love  to  Molly;  tell  her  I  shall  not  be  unmindful  of  her 
commissions.  I  hope  you  are  all  well.  I  confess  I  am  dejected 
at  the  gloomy  prospect  before  us,  &  dread  the  event.  We  have  as 
much  to  fear  from  victory  as  a  defeat. 

In  a  civil  war  there  is  &  ought  to  be,  no  neutrality,  indeed 
were  I  permitted  to  remain  neuter  I  would  disdain  the  offer. 
I  will  either  endeavor  to  defend  the  liberties  of  my  country, 
or  die  with  them :  this  I  am  convinced  is  the  sentiment  of  every 
true  &  generous  American 

M'^  Johnson  desires  his  comp^*^  to  the  family,  once  more: 
my  love  to  Molly  &  little  Poll.       I  am 

Y^  affectionate  son 

Ch :  Carroll  of  Carrollton 
P.  S.  We  hourly  expect 
an  express  from  !N'ew  England 
with  a  confirmation  of  yesterday's  bad  news. 

City  Tavern  9*^  Sept^  1774     [259] 
Dr  Papa 

I  wrote  to  you  the  7*^  expecting  the  Post  would  set  off  for 
Baltimore  the  next  day :  but  it  will  not  leave  Phil^  til  to-morrow. 
The  intelligence  communicated  in  that  letter  proves  entirely 
false  who  gave  birth  to  the  report  w-*^  has  thrown  all  America 
into  confusion  is  uncertain,  no  action  or  fray  has  yet  hap- 
pened, no  jury  men  could  be  found  to  attend  the  court  at 
Boston:  nine  of  the  counsellors  who  qualified  under  the  new 
govern*  endeavoured  to  be  established  in  Massachusetts  Bay 
have  resigned,  those,  who  will  not  resign,  I  hope,  will  meet  with 
a  fate  due  to  their  perfidy.    If  few  can  be  found  to  act  under 


EXTRACTS  FROM  THE  CARROLL  PAPERS.  33 

the  new  govrn*  &  those  few  should  be  taken  off,  I  can  not 
conceive  how  Gage  will  be  able  to  enforce  the  act  of  Pari*.  The 
smallest  incident  may  bring  matters  to  the  ultima  ratio  regum: 
it  is  with  difficulty  the  People  can  be  restrained  from  violence, 
such  provocations  &  such  insults  it  is  said  they  meet  with  from 
the  Soldiery: 

The  Congress  has  cut  out  business  enough:  Jurists  may 
pursue  the  true  plan  of  Policy,  but  I  am  apprehensive  the 
demands  of  America  will  be  too  high:  it  is  composed  of  men 
of  strong  sense ;  &  I  hope  that  will  direct  them  to  show  a  proper 
course  between  Independence  &  Subjection.  Would  you  believe 
it  ?  the  ]^ew  England  &  Mary^  deputies  are  as  moderate  as  any — 
nay  the  most  so.  Committees  are  appointed  to  review  &  collect  the 
Acts  of  Pari*  respecting  our  trade,  and  all  such  Acts  as  are  op- 
pressive to  the  whole  continent,  idr  to  particular  Provinces,  they 
meet  every  day  at  nine  &  set  to  3  o'clock  no  meeting  in  the  after- 
noon, no  persons  are  admitted.  A  large  company  is  to  dine 
to  day  at  M'^  Dickinson's.  I  am  one  of  the  party.  I  paid  him 
a  visit  yesterday  &  chatted  with  him  half  an  hour  chiefly  on 
litterature,  &  a  little  on  politicks.  I  spent  an  agreeable  evening 
the  day  before  yesterday  in  company  with  several  gentlemen, 
who  constitute  what  is  called  the  Governor's  Club:  it  is  com- 
posed of  M'"  Hamilton,  the  Aliens,  Doc^  Shippen  the  younger, 
Doc^  Cadwallader,  Dick  Tilghman  &  others.  M.^  Hamilton 
enquired  kindly  after  you. 

Invitations  are  become  very  frequent.  I  have  3  invitations 
to  dine  out  &  probably  shall  have  many  more.  How  long  the 
Congress  will  last  no  one  can  tell.  I  think  my  stay  here  will 
not  be  longer  than  10  days  at  most  from  this  day,  I  would 
write  a  separate  letter  to  Molly  if  I  had  a  subject  to  write  on, 
but  not  having  seen  any  of  the  ladies  as  yet,  I  want  matter  for 
a  letter.  I  dined  yesterday  with  Beveredge  &  M.^^  Beveredge 
quite  in  the  familiar  way.  they  both  desire  their  eomp^*»  to 
Molly,  &  M^  Beveredge  to  you.  M'"  Kenlen  Moylan  is  in  town : 
he  begs  to  be  kindly  remembered  to  you  &  M^^  Carroll.  I  called 
on  Colonel  White  &  [torn]  old  gentleman  Miss  Charlotte  White 
is  in  Maryd.  .  .  . 
3 


34:  MAEYLAND    HISTOEICAL    MAGAZINE. 

Sepr  Id^^  1774     [260] 
Dr  Charley 

I  received  last  night  with  great  Pleasure  &  Satisfaction  y^^ 
of  the  7*^  &  9*^  instant,  the  last  relieved  me  from  a  great  deal 
of  uneasiness,  for  the  Report  of  Bostons  being  Canonaded  had 
Eeached  us  on  the  11*^  Every  Honest  man  must  rejoice  at 
the  Spirit  &  Rosolution  of  the  Deputies  in  Congress.  May 
God  inspier  &  prosper  their  Resolutions. 

I  hope  we  may  not  be  forced  into  Violent  measures.  We 
ought  to  avoid  them  until  insolence  &  Oppression  become  in- 
supportable, because  Patience  &  Virtue  to  bear  temporary 
dificulties  &  inconveniencies  for  two  or  three  years  will  Cer- 
tainly obtain  whatever  we  wish,  if  it  be  necessary  to  proceed 
to  Violence  May  it  1^*  be  exerted  ag*  such  false  Brethren  who 
Cooperate  with  our  Enemies  by  promoteing  their  &  endeavour- 
ing to  defeat  or  impede  our  Measures;  May  the  most  dareing 
&  impudent  among  them  meet  with  the  fate  due  to  traitors. 

This  Colony  much  wants  a  free  importation  of  Salt  from 
Lisbon  &c  granted  to  most  of  the  other  Colonies  &  which  might 
have  been  easily  obtained  for  this  had  not  the  Grand  father  of 
the  Present  Proprietor  been  so  mean  as  to  ask  money  to  defray 
the  Expence  of  Solliciting  it  &  our  Assembly  so  penurious  as 
not  to  grant  it  I  mention  it  as  you  say  the  Congress  has  ap- 
pointed Committees  to  review  the  Acts  Relating  to  Trade.  I 
know  not  whether  this  may  Come  properly  under  the  Con- 
sideration of  the  Congress,  However  it  may  not  be  improper 
to  mention  it  to  our  deputies  to  whome  Pray  present  my  Service 
&  Compliments.  I  am  much  obliged  to  M'^  Hamilton  for  His 
kind  Enquiery  after  me  I  pay  my  respects  &  Compliments  to 
Him  &  Sincerely  wish  Him  a  long  Continuance  of  Health  & 
Happyness :  make  my  Compliments  also  to  M^  Allen  the  Elder, 
He  &  M'*  Hamilton  are  the  only  Gent^  in  Philadelphia  whome 
I  can  Call  old  acquaintance.  I  am  obliged  to  Mess'*^  Beveredge 
&  Moylan  to  whome  I  desierd  to  be  Rememberd.  .  .  . 


G78&78 

EXTRACTS  FEOM  THE  CAEEOLL  PAPEES.  35 

City  Tavern  12*^  Sept.  1774     [261] 
Dr  Papa 

I  rec^  this  morning  yours  of  tlie  6^^  instant.  You  are  no 
doubt  impatient  to  hear  how  the  Congress  goes  on :  their  debates 
are  kept  secret  &  the  deputies  are  under  a  tie  of  honour  not  to 
reveal  what  passes.  When  I  see  you,  I  shall  be  able  to  give 
you  a  full  account  of  their  deliberations.  This  congress  is 
really  composed  of  sensible  &  spirited  men.  there  are  in  all 
49  deputies  and  not  one  weak  man  among  them.  Several  of 
great  abilities.  Except  this  day  I  am  engaged  to  dine  out  every 
day  this  week.  I  think  I  shall  leave  Philadelphia  next  Sat- 
urday. I  have  had  an  invitation  to  dine  with  the  Governor. 
I  waited  on  him  this  morning  in  consequence  thereof  at  his 
country  house  I  shall  dine  next  thursday  with  M^  E.ich<^  Penn. 
he  is  a  very  sensible  man.  I  like  his  character  &  honest  be- 
haviour. I  went  this  morning  to  see  Harry  Hill's  country 
seat :  he  was  absent.  I  dined  yesterday  with  M""  Griffin  we  had 
a  genteel  company  &  a  genteel  dinner.  Mathew  Tilghman  came 
to  town  yesterday,  the  dread  of  the  small  pox  prevented  his 
coming  sooner,  his  brother  is  not  reckoned  a  staunch  friend  to 
America,  but  perhaps  there  may  be  some  malice  in  the  imputa- 
tion. It  is  uncharitable  to  believe  so  great  a  crime  of  a  man 
without  good  proof,  I  still  think  this  controversy  will  at  last 
be  decided  by  arms :  that  is,  I  am  apprehensive  the  oppressions 
of  the  Bostonians,  &  Gages  endeavours  to  enforce  the  new  plan 
of  govern*  will  hurry  that  distressed  &  provoked  People  into 
some  violence;  which  may  end  in  blood  if  that  should  be  the 
case  a  civil  war  is  inevitable.  Gage  is  collecting  his  forces 
around  him :  the  regiment  quartered  here,  rec^  orders  on  f riday 
last  to  march  for  Amboy  the  Sunday  following,  they  went  off 
accordingly  very  early  in  the  morning.  2  regiments  are  ordered 
to  Boston  from  Canada:  whether  Gage  is  collecting  his  troops 
for  self  defence,  or  with  a  view  to  disperse  them  into  different 
towns  of  the  Massachusett's  Bay,  in  order  to  suppress  the 
People,  &  protect  the  new  commissioned  judges  while  they 
hold  their  courts,  is  uncertain.     I  am  of  the  latter  opinion. 


36  MAETLAND    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

because  the  whole  force  of  Massaclmsets  could  not  force  Gage 
in  Boston,  if  lie  chuses  to  remain  on  the  defensive.  There  are 
now  reprinted  in  this  city  some  sensible  pamphlets  in  favour  of 
our  cause.  I  shall  buy  them  for  y^  perusal.  M'^  Dickinson  has 
lately  published  a  pamphlet  on  the  same  side,  it  does  him  hon- 
our :  but  it  seems  to  have  been  a  hasty  production,  indeed  in  the 
preface  he  says  as  much.  I  wish  you  may  be  able  toi  sell  our 
Potowmack  Tob^  for  a  pistole  p'^  Cw^  it  is  not  improbable  that 
the  exportation  next  year  may  be  stopped. 

The  deputies  desire  their  compliments  to  you.  I  shall  cer- 
tainly leave  this  place  next  Saturday  being  the  17*^  unless  I 
am  prevented  by  sickness,  or  some  other  unforseen  accident. 

Y^  affectionate  son 

Ch :  Carroll  of  CarroUton 

Sep'- 28:  1774     [263] 
D^  Charley 

I  answer  y^^  of  the  26^^  &  27*^  shortly,  not  to  detain  Sears, 
if  necessary,  will  write  more  fully  to  Morrow  Put  Coales  & 
Pidgelys  Bond  in  Suit  I  do  not  like  the  Maj'"^  not  hearing  from 
Hammersly.  The  deputies  from  the  Severall  Counties  to  the 
Provinciall  Meeting  ought  to  Collect  for  the  Deputies  to  the 
Congress,  the  County  deputies  sent  them  &  they  in  Honor  ought 
to  Provide  Pay  for  them. 

It  is  with  great  Reluctance  I  part  w*^  Browne  He  is  a 
Willing  &  Diligent  man  you  will  spoil  Him,  the  best  Servants 
must  be  minded,  indefferent  &  Lazy  Ones  Corrected:  Harry 
shall  have  a  good  flogging  &  a  Collar  this  Evening.  .  .  . 

Sepr  29*^  1774     [264] 
Dr  Charley 

.  .  .  The  Pensilvania  Packet  of  the  19*^  ins*  Contains  not 
only  much  matter,  but  shews  the  solid  sense  Virtue  &  Spirit 
of  the  new  England  People.  When  the  People  of  England  are 
acquainted  with  the  Uniforme  Conduct  of  all  the  Colonies  & 


EXTRACTS  FROM  THE  CAEROLL  PAPERS.  37 

witii  the  Eesult  of  tlie  Congress,  they  will  no  doubt  be  more  & 
more  Exasperated  ag*  the  King  His  Ministry  &  the  Venal 
Corrupt  abandoned  &  Profligate  Houses  of  Parliament :  These 
things  Considered,  I  make  no  doubt  the  Contest  will  end  to 
the  Entier  Satisfaction  of  America,  &  I  readily  give  Credit 
to  the  news  M^  Lux  brings  from  Philadelphia.  .  .  . 

You  are  not  satisfyed  putting  a  Paragraph  in  the  Papers 
urging  a  collection  for  the  Deputies  will  answer  any  good  end ; 
&  why  not?  Because  you  are  too  indolent  to  do  it.  Such  a 
Paragraph  or  Letter  Cannot  doe  any  harm,  the  County  depu- 
ties may  be  Called  on  as  I  sayed  in  my  letter  yesterday  as 
bound  in  Honor  &  Justice  to  make  a  Collection  to  defray  the 
Expenses  of  the  Deputies  to  the  Congress,  as  the  County  depu- 
ties appointed  &  sent  there  I  desire  you  will  keep  this  to  shew 
what  I  sincerely  wish  .  .  ." 

29*1^  Sepf  1774     [265] 
Dr  Papa 

Major  has  heard  from  Hammersly  by  the  August  Packet ;  he 
will  write  you  how  compleate  a  victory  he  has  gained — orders 
are  come  in  to  return  the  money :  no  grants  to  be  made  of  lands 
westward  of  Port  Cumberland. 

The  main  questions  with  respect  to  the  right  to  the  Province 
will  be  shortly  determined  before  L^  Mansfield  in  the  King's 
Bench.  Hammersly  seems  to>  think  it  will  go  in  favour  of  his 
ward.  Browning  has  put  in  a  distinct  claim  to  the  Tonnage 
perhaps  he  will  get  that,  being  given  by  Act  of  Assembly  to  L^-^ 
Baltimore,  &  their  heirs,  vide  the  Act.  If  so,  it  may  be  cheaply 
purchased  by  the  Province. 

Eden  was  to  leave  London  the  25*^  August:  he  may  be  ex- 
pected by  the  middle  of  next  month :  it  is  said  he  is  to  return 
again  in  the  spring,  and  Mollison  writes,  not  to  come  back  again 
to  Mary<i.  If  Harford  should  get  the  Province,  I  am  inclined  to 
think  that  will  be  the  case,  &  then  Sharpe  will  probably  come 
in  Governor  .  .  . 


38  MAETI.AND    HISTOEICAL    MAGAZINE. 


30*^  Sept^ 


The  Major  has  just  now  isent  me  a  letter  for  you.  I  have 
taken  the  liberty  of  opening  it,  to  see  whether  he  has  been  as 
particular  &  full  ace*,  as  Hammersly's  letters  were  to  him. 
He  has  omitted  one  circumstance,  mentioned  in  Hammersly's 
letter,  w^  as  it  was  imparted  to  me  in  confidence,  I  would  not 
have  you  drop  a  hint  of  it  to  any  one.  It  seems  great  complaints 
have  been  made  to  the  Guardians  of  the  Majors  Patriotism.  It 
has  been  represented  that  he  is  too  intimate  with  the  Carrolls 
&  the  Pacas,  &  others  of  the  popular  party,  that  they  prevailed 
on  the  Major  to  countenance  the  passage  of  the  Inspection  Law, 
&  the  Law  making  a  provision  for  the  Clergy. 

Did  you  ever  meet  with  an  instance  lof  greater  meanness? 
I  suppose  this  intelligence  was  given  to  Hammersly  by  the  Gov- 
ernor, it  is  quite  in  his  style :  but  does  honour  to  the  persons,  it 
was  meant  to  asperse.  I  am  satisfied  a  paragraph  recommending 
a  collection  for  Deputies  would  answer  no  purpose;  because 
what  is  every  man's  business,  is  no  man's :  the  Parag.  might  be 
read  perhaps  by  some,  but  would  not  be  attended  to  by  any. 
When  the  Deputies  return,  the  Provincial  Committee  will  be 
assembled,  &  then  the  reimbursement  of  w^  money  expended 
will  be  forcibly  urged,  &  the  means  of  raising  it  considered  & 
Effectual  steps  taken  to  collect  it. 

Octo^  6:  1774     [266] 
Dr  Charley 

...  I  am  very  much  Pleased  with  the  Major's  Voctory,  How 
Mortified  must  Eden  &  the  Board  of  Revenue  be.  I  cannot  be- 
lieve Eden  will  goe  Back  next  Spring,  why  Come  to  return  so 
soon?  ... 

If  the  Congress  be  not  broke  up  when  will  it  ?  I  do  not  sup- 
pose you  will  Visit  Eden,  but  should  he  invite  you.  Can  you  in 
Point  of  Politeness  refuse  to  comply  vdth  His  invitation.  .  . 


EXTEACTS  FROM  THE  CAEKOLL  PAPEES.  39 

Octo.r  2ist  17Y4  [270] 
D'-  Charley 

.  .  .  M^  Jas  Howard  dined  with  me  yesterday  &  Gave 
us  an  Acc<^  of  the  Fate  of  the  Tea  &  Vessel  w^  brought  it,  I 
find  the  People  were  in  no  disposition  to  Hearken  to  the  Moder- 
ate measures  you  intended  to  propose:  The  Example  will  I 
hope  deter  others  from  the  like  offense,  &  the  Enemies  of  Ameri- 
ca will  be  instructed  by  it  not  to  expose  their  Slavish  principles 
by  their  weak  imprudent  Silly  and  I  may  justly  say  impudent 
Endeavors  ag*  the  sentiments  and  interests  of  the  whole  conti- 
nent. .  .  . 

M^  Croxall  came  last  &  proposes  to  stay  untill  next  Tuesday. 
Pray  send  the  Bearer  back  early,  on  Sunday  morning.  Is  the 
Congress  up  or  doe  you  know  when  it  will  certainly  be  up, 
people  begin  to  be  impatient  to  know  the  Result  of  it.  I  sup- 
pose the  Gov^  may  be  expected  every  day.  M^^  Croxall  tells  me  He 
thinks  old  M^^  Christie  told  Him  that  D  D  informed  Christie 
th*  He  was  writing  a  Phamphlet  on  the  American  Contest,  but 
Croxall  would  not  have  it  mentioned  as  He  Cannot  with  confi- 
dence rely  on  His  memory.  D.  D.  if  he  publishes  seems  late  in 
entering  the  Lists. 

26*^  October  1774     [272] 
Dear  Papa 

I  wrote  my  last  letter  in  a  hurry :  the  boy  did  not  get  down 
till  a  little  before  dinner  time:  I  had  to  dress  in  the  evening, 
having  invited  company  to  sup  with  me,  &  you  had  desired  that 
the  servant  should  be  dispatched  very  early  the  next  morning. 
I  forgot  then  to  send  you  Balladines  estimate  of  the  expence  of 
making  Potowmack  navigable  from  George  Town  to  Fort  Cum- 
berland &  his  terms  of  subscription.  I  now  send  them.  Balla- 
dine  is  confident  of  Success — ^so  are  most  projectors,  for  none 
but  men  of  sanguine  tempers  &  lively  imaginations  turn  pro- 
jectors. .  .  . 

Messi"8  Patrick  Henry  &  Pendleton,  two  of  the  Virg*  deputies, 
passed  thro'  this  Place  Monday  last  on  their  way  to  Williamsr 


40  MARYLAND    HISTOKICAX    MAGAZINE. 

burgh.  I  waited  on  them  at  the  coffee  house,  &  spent  %  hour  in 
their  company.  We  expect  Mess'^^  Johnson,  Chase  &  Paca  this 
day :  the  Congress  broke  up  last  Saturday. 

27*^  Octobr 

I  do  not  hear  that  D.  D.  is  writing  a  Pamphlet  on  the  present 
Contest :  but  he  may ;  I  think,  as  you  do,  his  publication  will  be 
late  in  the  day.  It  may  however  with  the  weak  &  credulous 
gain  him  some  confidence,  and  I  am  persuaded  to  regain  his  lost 
popularity,  if  he  does  publish,  will  be  his  chief  motive.  It  is 
certain  all  his  connections,  his  admirers,  &  his  own  son  were  in 
the  list  of  Protestors,  &  he  himself  declared  his  son's  signing  the 
protest,  was  the  same  thing,  as  if  he  had  signed  it,  being  a 
suflScient  indication  of  his  own  sentiments.  He  told  Colonel 
Lloyd,  that  a  petition  &  remonstrance  from  the  Congress  to  the 
King  &  Parlia*  was  the  properest  mode  lof  proceeding  in  order 
to  obtain  redress.  He  did  not  choose  to  act  an  open  &  sincere 
part ;  he  kept  on  the  reserve,  till  he  saw  w'^  way  the  tide  would 
turn ;  he  now  swims  with  the  stream.  The  union  of  all  America 
has  swallowed  him  up  in  the  great  vortex,  he  follows  its  motion, 
but  not  daring  to  be  the  first  mover,  nor  possessing  a  temper 
sufficiently  intrepid  to  guide  its  course ;  he  is  carried  away  with 
the  Whirlwind,  he  does  not  ride  on  it,  nor  directs  the  storm. 

28th  A.  M.  1/2  past  8  o'clock. 

.  .  .  Our  deputies  are  not  yet  returned.  Cap*  Poi  passed 
thro'  this  town  the  day  before  yesterday  &  said  the  Congress 
was  not  to  break  up  till  Monday  last ;  so  that  our  Deputies  did 
not  leave  Ph"*  till  Tuesday,  &  perhaps  the  Congress  might  sit 
a  day  or  two  longer.  .  .  . 

29th  P.  M,  1/2  past  10  o'clock. 

.  .  .  The  Deputies  are  expected  in  town  this  day;  the  Con- 
gress you  see  by  the  Pen'*  packet  was  to  have  broke  up  last  Tues- 
day. I  dare  say  our  Deputies  will  bring  with  them  all  that  is 
published,  you  will  observe  that  the  proceedings,  or  joumall  of 


EXTKACTS  FKOM  THE  CAEEOLL  PAPEES.  41 

the  Congress  were  in  tlie  press.     I  shall  keep  the  boy  till  our 
Deputies  return. 

I  have  seen  Colonel  Eich^  Henry  Lee  and  M^  Johnson,  who 
arrived  here  last  night.  I  have  seen  the  petition  of  the  Congress 
to  the  King,  &  the  memorial  to  the  Canadians.  Chase  &  Paca  are 
expected  this — I  wait  their  arrival  because  they  bring  with  them 
the  printed  journal  of  the  Congress  containing  all  matters  done 
by  them  except  the  petition  to  the  King,  w^  is  not  to  be  printed, 
till  we  hear  of  its  being  presented.  If  Chase  &  Paca  arrive  to- 
day, I  shall  be  with  you  tomorrow ;  if  they  arrive  tomorrow,  the 
day  after  you  may  expect  to  see  me.  I  shall  bring  up  at  all 
events  a  printed  copy  of  the  Congress  Resolves. 

T^  affectionate  son 

C.  C.  of  C. 

ISTov^  Y*^  1772     [273] 
Dr  Charley 

I  have  y''^  of  the  5*^  &  6*^  with  Jos:  Galloways  Scheme 
&  the  Petition  of  the  Congress  to  the  King.  I  think  as  you  doe 
of  the  1^*  &  approve  very  much  of  the  last. 

[Galloway's  plan,  enclosed  with  letter  'No.  262  is  printed  in 
full  in  American  Archives^  4th  series,  vol.  1,  pages  905-6. 

The  "  toasts  drank  at  the  treat "  have  apparently  not  been 
heretofore  printed.] 

Sepf  1774. 

A  List  of  Toasts  Drank  at  the  Treat  given  to  the  Congress: 

1  The  King. 

2  The  Queen. 

3  The  Duke  of  Gloucester. 

4  The  Prince  of  Wales  and  Royal  Family. 

5  Perpetual  Union  to  the  Colonies. 

6  May  the  Colonies  faithfully  execute  what  the  Congress 
shall  wisely  Resolve. 

7  The  much  injured  town  of  Boston,  and  province  of  Mas- 
sachusetts-Bay. 


42  MAEYLAND    HISTOEICAL    MAGAZINE. 

8  May  Great-Britain  be  Just,  and  America  Free. 

9  'No  unoonstitutional  standing  Armies. 

10  May  the  Cloud  whicli  hangs  over  Great-Britain  and  the 
Colonies,  burst  only  on  the  heads  of  the  present  Ministry. 

11  May  every  American  hand  down  to  posterity  pure  and 
untainted  the  Liberty  he  has  derived  from  his  Ancestors. 

12  May  no  man  enjoy  Freedom,  who  has  not  Spirit  to  de- 
fend it. 

13  May  the  persecuted  Genius  of  Liberty  find  a  lasting  asy- 
lum in  America. 

14  May  British  Swords  never  be  drawn  in  defence  of  Ty- 
ranny. 

15  The  Arts  and  Manufactures  of  America. 

1 6  Confusion  to  the  Authors  of  the  Canada  Bill. 

17  The  Liberty  of  the  Press. 

18  A  Happy  Reconciliation  between  Great  Britain  &  her 
'Colonies,  on  a  constitutional  Ground. 

19  The  virtuous  Few  in  both  Houses  of  Parliament. 

20  The  City  of  London. 

21  Lord  Chatham. 

22  Lord  Cambden. 

23  Bishop  of  St.  Asaph. 

24  Duke  of  Eichmond. 

25  Sir  George  Saville. 

26  Mr  Burke. 

27  General  C  [onway.] 

28  Mr  Dunning. 

29  Mr  Sawbridge. 

30  D^  Franklin. 

31  Ml"  Dulany. 

32  My  Hancock. 


EXTEACTS    FEOM    THE    DTJLANT    PAPEES.  43 


EXTRACTS  FROM  THE  DULANY  PAPERS 


Dear  Lloyd 

I  am  mucli  obliged  to  you  for  the  Letter  you  favoured  me 
with  &  have  great  pleasure  in  hearing  that  you  have  been  at 
Length  Placed  under  the  Instruction  of  a  Gentleman  so  equal 
to  the  Charge  W^  is  very  much  heighten' d  by  your  Expressions 
of  satisfaction  thereon.  The  one  affording  you  an  Opportunity 
of  answering  The  End  of  an  Expensive  Education  and  the  other 
giving  me  a  most  agreeable  Assurance  of  your  Inclination  & 
Determination  to  Embrace  it. 

When  it  may  be  Proper  for  you  to  go  to  the  University  of 
Cambridge  at  this  Distance  I  can  be  no  Judge,  But  my  Brother 
&  myself  have  wrote  to  M^  Anderson  to  make  Enquiry  into 
This  matter  &  at  the  Proper  time  to  Enter  you  at  Clare-hall 
in  the  Station  of  a  Pensioner  where,  I  have  the  most  sanguine 
Hopes  Your  Employm*  &  situation  will  be  both  profitable  and 
agreeable  to  you. 

I  am  Extremely  sorry  to  inform  you  that  our  Father's  Affairs 
were  left  in  great  Confusion,  &  that  by  the  Ravages  of  the 
Enemy  in  Frederick  County  ruining  great  numbers  of  the 
Inhabitants  that  Part  of  his  Estate  w*^  consisted  in  securities 
is  greatly  impaired.  The  very  open  Hospitality,  the  plenty  and 
degree  of  Splendour  in  w*^  He  lived  his  sensibility  to  the  mis- 
fortunes and  Distresses  of  others  and  diffusive  Beneficence  to 
Them  were  of  more  Advantage  to  his  Character  &  suitable  to 
his  generous  &  humane  temper  and  refined  sense  of  Pleasure 
than  his  Fortune,  or  the  Improvement  of  his  Estate.  This  I 
don't  mention  as  regretting  these  qualities  in  Him,  But  as  an 
Intimation  to  you  not  to  take  your  Estimate  of  his  Estate  from 
the  Appearances  of  Affluence  You  may  recollect  in  his  manner 
of  Living  and  regulate  your  Expences  by  it.  But  tho'  I  wou'd 
recomend  it  to  you  to  be  frugal  in  your  Expences  as  well  as 
diligent  in  your  studies,  I  am  far  from  desiring  or  Expecting 


44  MABYLAND    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

you  to  be  illiberally  &  sordidly  Parsimonius,  and  to  Live  recluse 
and  sequested  from  all  Company  and  Divertisement. 

Our  publick  affairs  here  wear  an  Aspect  less  gloomy  tban 
Tbey  Did  two  Tears  ago. 

The  Diversion  made  by  M''  Wolfe  up  tbe  E-iver  St.  Laurence 
facilitated  Gen^  Amberst's  Recovery  of  Tbe  Important  Post  of 
Ticonderoga,  &  Crown  Point,  tbe  Barrier  so  mucb  wanted  for 
tbe  Security  of  tbe  IsTortbern  Provinces  and  tbe  Victory  obtained 
by  D^  W™  Jobnson  at  ^Niagara  bas  been  of  vast  Consequence 
in  Preserving  Pitsburgli  w^^  wou'd  otherwise  bave  fallen,  & 
bringing  over  to  tbe  Brittisb  Interest  several  of  tbe  most  war- 
like &  formidable  nations  of  Savages.  Sbou'd  tbe  war  con- 
tinue, tbe  Frencli  must,  (bumanely  speaking)  be  driven  out  of 
Canada  next  year. 

Tbere  was  a  Circumstance  attending  Tbe  Battle  gained  by 
Sir  W™  Jobnson  w^^  I  sball  mention  to  you  as  Exactly  marking 
tbe  Character  of  tbe  Indians.  Many  of  tbem  were  Spectators 
of  tbe  Engagement  ready  to  fall  upon  and  Butcber  tbe  Van- 
quisbed  &  as  soon  as  tbe  Erencb  gave  way  Tbese  Savages  fur- 
iously rusbed  in  upon  tbem  and  made  a  horrid  sacrifice  of  their 
Brother  savages  to  the  of  our  Countrymen,  who  were 

butcher'd  in  the  carnage  at  Monongahela.  The  French  have  no 
reason  to  Complain  of  This  They  halloo'd  these  Hell-hounds 
on  at  Monongahela  and  mix'd  with  tbem  in  the  same  Cruelty 
and  were  as  much  Savages  as  They.  We  have  no  Private  news 
here  all  your  Eriends  are  well  except  myself  who  have  been  in 
a  declining  state  these  two  years.  You  have  a  great  many  more 
Relatives  than  when  you  was  here  our  Province's  Motto  Crescite 
et  Multiplicamini 

Dear  Brother 

You  perceive  by  M^*  Addison's  Letter  the  Grounds  of  his 
claim  to  the  Land,  in  dispute  between  Himself  &  his  N'ephew. 
In  a  Case  of  this  kind,  it  is  impossible  for  me  to  give  an 
Opinion  that  would  be  satisfactory  to  both  sides,  &  as  I  gave 
no  opinion  to  M^*  Tho^  Addison,  so  I  have  declined  speaking 
my  Sentiments  to  M^*  Hen^  Addison  on  the  Subject,  any  further 


EXTRACTS    FROM    THE    DTJLANT   PAPERS,  45 

than  by  recommending  an  amicable  Settlement  by  a  Reference 
to  Lawyers.  How  far  this  Method  may  be  agreeable  will  de- 
pend upon  tbe  Temper  of  the  Parties.  Having  mentioned  tbe 
Method  of  putting  an  End  to  the  question,  by  the  Decision  of 
Arbitrators,  to  M^  Hen.  Addison,  &  He  not  appearing  Adverse 
to  it,  I  think  it  would  be  proper  that  He  should  be  informed, 
either  by  an  immediate  communication  to  Himself,  or  thro'  me, 
whether  it  would  be  agreeable  on  the  other  side,  or  not.  the 
inclosed  was  in  the  cover  of  M'"  H.  Addison's  Letter  to  me  w*^^ 
I  delivered  to  You  this  Morning 

I  am  &c. 

Dan^  Dulany 
Jan.  10*^  1771  Thursday  Evening 


To  Walter  Dulany  Esq'^ 


Baltimore,  8^^  I^oy"",  1783 


Dear  Sir, 

I  have  rece^  yours  of  this  Date  by  George.  What  course  it 
may  be  proper  to  take  in  forming  an  Estimate  of  the  Losses 
sustained  by  the  Loyalists  I  am  at  a  loss  to  conjecture.  As  to 
an  Application  to  the  Legislature,  I  apprehend  it  will  be  of  no 
use  by  the  preliminary  Articles,  the  Restitution  is  to  be  earn- 
estly recommended  by  Congress  to  the  several  Legislatures,  & 
as  the  definitive  treaty  has  at  length  taken  place,  I  suppose  this 
form  will  be  observed,  and  the  consequence  of  it  such  as  seems 
to  be  emplied  in  the  Act  of  parliament  you  refer  to.  I  intend 
to  transmit  to  my  Son  a  Certificate  under  the  Seal  of  the  State, 
when  I  am  able  to  obtain  it  from  the  Commissioners,  to  ascer- 
tain what  my  Son's  property  has  sold  for.  That  his  property 
has  not  sold  for  half  the  value  of  it,  I  have  no  doubt,  but  T 
know  of  no  other  Method  of  Valuation,  w^^  may  not  be  attended 
with  a  considerable  risque — at  the  same  time  however,  I  intend 
to  write  to  him  fully  to  represent  this  Matter — my  Son's  share 
in  the  Iron  works  not  haVing  been  sold.  I  have  from  Clem. 
Brooke  &  W°i  Hammond  an  Account  of  the  Lands  that  belonged 
to  the  Company,  &  of  the  ITumber  of  :N'egroes  &  value  of  the 


46  MARYLAND    HISTORIC  AX    MAGAZINE. 

Stock  at  the  Furnace,  &  Hockley  Forge,  &  intend  to  get  a 
similar  one  from  Franklin  with  respect  to  tlie  other  Forge — if 
you  think  it  proper,  I  shall  take  ISTotice  in  my  Letter  to  my 
Son,  that  D  D  of  W.  has  an  equal  share  with  Him  in  the 
Works — perhaps  it  might  be  of  use  to  Him  to  send  D  D  of  W. 
a  Certificate  as  aforesaid  of  what  that  part  of  his  property, 
which  has  been  disposed  of  by  the  Commissioners,  has  sold  for. 
I  have  not  yet  been  able  to  obtain  the  Certificate  on  my  Son's 
Account,  tho  M^  Stoddert,  &  Conden  have  undertaken  the  Busi- 
ness, &  apprehend  I  shall  be  obliged  to  go  to  Annapolis  on  the 
Occasion.  When  the  Shoemaker  calls  on  me,  I  will  readily 
discharge  the  Balance  due  to  him.  M^^  Dulany  &  ISTancy  join 
me  in  best  wishes  for  your,  M^^  Fitzhugh's  &  Family's  Health 
&  Happiness — ^with  sincere  Regard,  I  am 

Dear  Sir     Y^s 

D.  Dulany 

P.  S.  I  send  a  Letter  by  George,  w^'^  ISTancy  brought  with  her 
frm  Virginia. 

M'"  Owings  engaged  to  supply  me  with  Hay,  &  informed  me 
that  He  wou'd,  in  lease  of  his  absence,  leave  orders  for  the 
purpose  last  night,  at  about  12  o'clock  a  waggon  of  Hay  was 
brought,  and  it  not  being  convenient  at  that  time  to  put  it  away, 
the  waggoner  promised  to  bring  it  in  the  morning ;  but  He  is 
gone  away,  &  not  to  be  found — supposed  He  sold  the  Hay.  I 
have  desired  George  to  call  at  'M^^  Owings' s  to  inform  her  of 
the  above  Circumstances  &  to  desire  that  the  Hay  may  be 
immediately  sent  to  me. 

George  Fitzhugh  Esq''. 

Bait,  11*^  Nov.  1783. 
Dear  Sir 

On  considering  my  Son's  claims  respecting  his  Share  in  the 
Baltimore  Company  w*^^  has  been  taken  possession  of  by  the 
Intendant  as  confiscated,  I  have  concluded  to  pursue  the  follow- 
ing Method — 'Viz.  to  get  Duplicates  of  a  Certificate  from  the 


EXTRACTS    FROM    THE    DULANY   PAPERS.  47 

Collector  of' taxes  for  tHs  County,  setting  fortli  the  ITumber  of 
Acres  of  Land,  &  ISTegroes  (witliout  mentioning  their  ages  or 
Sexes)  belonging  to  the  Company  in  Baltimore  County  and  also 
an  Account  of  their  Stock  and  Improvements.  ]^.  this  Certifi- 
cate not  to  set  forth  at  what  Value  the  Land,  Negroes  &c.  were 
assess'd,  the  Assessment  being  much  under  the  real  value,  I  this 
day  have  written  to  M^  Benj^  Stoddert  to  get  for  me  Duplicates 
of  a  similar  Certificate  from  the  Collector  of  taxes  for  Ann 
Arundel  County  with  respect  to  the  Company's  property 
there — these  Certificates  to  be  attested  by  a  Notary  publick — as 
my  Nephew  has  an  equal  share  with  my  son  in  the  works, 
perhaps  the  same  course  may  be  expedient  with  respect  to  him, 
which  I  intend  to  pursue  w^ith  respect  to  my  son. 

I  think  it  wou'd  be  proper  to  get  Duplicates  of  a  Certificate 
setting  forth  what  my  Nephew's  Land  sold  for,  &  to  transmit 
them  under  the  Seal  of  the  State.  M^  Conden  &  M'*  Stoddert 
undertook  to  get  a  similar  Certificate  from  the  Commissioners 
on  my  tSon's  Behalf  but  I  have  not  yet  rec'd  it.  My  Son's 
property  has  sold  much  under  its  real  value,  w^^  I  shall  observe 
in  my  Letter  to  my  Son,  and  refer  him  to  I.  Brooks  on  that 
Head,  He  being  well  acquainted  with  his  property  in  Annapolis, 
Frederick  &  Baltimore  County.  Whether  this  has  been  the 
Case  with  respect  to  my  Nephew's  property,  I  don't  know.  I 
think,  that  a  10^^  share  in  the  works  is  worth,  at  a  moderate 
Estimate,  £7000  sterling,  considering  that  27828  acres  of  Land, 
an  inexhaustible  stock  of  ore,  the  Improvements  by  erecting  a 
furnace  &  forges,  the  Number  of  slaves,  &  other  stock  belonging 
to  the  Company  a  petition  on  the  Behalf  of  Montgomery  wou'd 
I  think,  answer  no  purpose,  but,  if  to  be  had,  it  might  be  of 
service  to  him  to  have  a  Certificate  of  his  Income  as  an 
Incumbent. 

With  respect  to  the  Q^^  put  in  your  Letter.  I  conceive  that 
the  Mortgages  will  be  answerable  to  make  good  the  Deficiency, 
&  especially,  if  these  be  a  Covenant  for  payment,  w^^  is  com- 
monly the  case  in  the  Deed  of  Mortgage. 

With  this  I  send  Gen^  Cadwalader's  order  accepted  by  you 


48  MARYLAND    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

w*^  Smitli  delivered,  on  receiving  tlie  Balance  amounting  to 
£54.15. — with  our  Wishes  for  the  Health  &  Happiness  of 
Yourself  M^^  Fitzhugh  &  Family. 

I  am  dear  Sir,  with  sincere 

Eegard,      Y" 

D.  Dulany. 
Great  &  Glorious  !N^ews 

Sam^  Ohase  arrived  safely  in  England. 

Thursday  Ev'ning 
Dear  Sir, 

I  have  reced  Yours  by  George,  &  send  by  him  the  Magazines 
for  1781,  &  1782  belonging  to  M''  Langton,  &  also  the  Magazine 
for  last  (September  with  the  Act  of  Parliament  for  appointing 
Commissioners  to  enquire  into  the  Losses  of  the  Loyalists. 
With  respect  to  my  ]!Tephew's  property  that  has  been  sold  by 
the  Commissioners  I  think  the  best  Course  to  be  pursued  is  to 
send  a  Certificate  of  what  it  sold  for  signed  by  their  Clerk, 
under  the  publick  'Seal — this  is  what  I  have  done  with  respect 
to  my  son's  property  that  has  been  sold,  &  have  observed  to  him 
in  my  Letter,  in  which  the  Certificate  is  inclosed,  that  as  the 
purchasers  bought  at  a  Risque,  the  property  sold  for  less  than 
its  real  value — the  Estimates  I  have  from  C.  Brooke  &  W™ 
Hammond  give  an  Account  of  the  !N"umber  of  Acres  of  Land 
appertaining  to  the  furnace,  &  Hockley  Forge  Viz  29062  acres 
Carried  out  at  50/  sterling  ^  acre — the  Improvements  of  the 
furnace  at  £3000  curr^,  the  Stock,  Utensils  &c  at  £8455.8.6 
curry  and  the  ISTegroes  98  in  number  w*^^  may  be  valued  at 
£40  curry  each  at  Hockley  forge,  the  Improvements  are  valued 
at  £3000  Cury,  &  the  Stock  at  £500  cury  &  the  ^NTumber  of 
IsTegroes  then  47  which  may  be  valued  as  above. 

I  suppose  that  the  Valuation  of  the  above  Improvements  &c 
has  been  according  to  the  Return  of  the  Assessors,  one  of  the 
above  Estimates  I  have  sent  to  my  son  by  the  ship  Pearce 
Capf^  Moore,  &  have  desired  him  to  communicate  it  to  my 
!N^ephew,  they  have  equal  shares  in  the  Works,  &  are  equally 


EXTKACTS    FROM    THE    DTJLANT   PAPERS.  49 

concerned  in  the  affairs,  witli  respect  to  Franklin's  Estimate, 
particularly  as  it  relates  to  tlie  Land  appertaining  to  Mount 
royal  Forge,  I  think  it  very  much  below  the  real  Value.  I  con- 
jecture that  in  this  Valuation  He  has  been  governed  by  the 
return  of  the  Assessors,  &  wish  He  cou'd  be  prevailed  upon  to 
estimate  the  Land  at  50/  sterling  ^  acre,  w^^  it  must  certainly 
be  worth.  I  have  been  informed  that  a  Vessel  is  to  depart  for 
London  about  Sunday,  or  Monday  next.  Wishing  you,  &  your 
Family  all  Happiness.    I  am  dear  Sir, 

With  sincere  Regard 

D.  Dulany. 
George  Fitzhugh  Esq'^ 

S^  Dec'"  1785. 
Dear  Sir 

I  suppose  the  Rent  reserved  to  M^^  Dulany  was  on  the  Land 
assigned  to  her  on  her  claim  of  Dower,  and  that  she  transferred 
her  Right  to  the  Land  before  the  Expiration  of  the  time,  when 
by  her  Contract  with  the  Tenant  the  Rent  was  to  be  paid — if 
such  be  the  case,  I  apprehend  that  she  can't  take  any  legal 
course  for  the  Recovery  of  the  Rent  reserved,  or  any  part  of 
it,  for  as  it  was  reserved  to  be  paid  at  the  Expiration  of  ,12 
Months,  it  was  due  'till  then,  &  it  being  an  entire  sum  is  not 
subject  to  a  Division,  but  belongs  legally  to  the  person  intitled 
to  the  Land  under  the  Contract  with  Her.  I  suppose,  that  M^^ 
Dulany  transferred  her  Right  on  Agreement  with  the  Intendant 
on  the  Behalf  of  the  State,  &  that  the  Title  vested  in  the  State 
has  not  yet  been  convey'd  to  any  Purchaser — shou'd  this  be  the 
Case,  The  Rent  is  legally  due  to  the  State,  &  perhaps  as  Maj^ 
Jenifer  might  not  have  it  in  View  to  take  any  Advantage  of 
My^  Dulany,  in  respect  to  the  Rent,  She  may  be  able  to  settle 
the  Matter  with  Him,  which,  I  think  from  his  Behaviour  to 
Her  He  may  be  much  inclined  to  do. 

I  send  you  by  the  Bearer  Dalrymple's  Memoirs,  of  which 
your  perusal  may  afford  you  much  Amusement:  When  Col 
Belt's  Servant  called  upon  me  sometime  ago,  I  delivered  to 
4 


50  MARYLAND    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

Him  the  money  W^^  my  Daughter  had  not  laid  out  for  M^^ 
Eitzhugh  and  hope  you  have  rec'd  it.  M^  Clapham  is  arriv'd 
at  Annapolis,  having  returned  to  collect  the  Debts  due  to  Han- 
burys  in  Virginia  &  Maryland  as  their  Agent.  With  my  best 
wishes  for  your  &  your  Family's  Happiness  I  am,  Dear  Sir, 
with  sincere  Regard 

Y^^         Danl  Dulany. 
George  Fitzhugh  Esq'" 


THE  CALVERT  FAMILY 

John  Bailey  Calvekt  ISTicklin. 


Foreword 

The  task  confronting  anyone  who  attempts  to  compile  a  gene- 
alogy of  this  distinguished  family,  whose  history  for  a  century 
and  a  half  was  that  of  Maryland,  is  almost  forbidding,  for  doubt 
and  mystery,  tradition  and  myth  have  long  concealed  the  facts 
and  the  truth  lof  their  lineage  and  history.  And  the  legitimate 
male  descendants  of  Governor  the  Honorable  Leonard  Calvert 
(1606-1647)  have  been  ignored,  while  the  descendants  of  Bene- 
dict Swingate  (otherwise  Calvert  of  "Mt.  Airy")  have  received 
the  attention  of  historians  and  genealogists,  having  produced 
many  noted  men  and  women. 

Even  the  origin  of  this  family  is  wrapped  in  obscurity  and 
the  etymoliogy  of  the  name  is  scarcely  pleasing,  if  enlightening, 
for  it  is  said  to  have  been  derived  from  the  calve-herd,  i.  e.,  a 
keeper  of  a  herd  of  calves:  The  name  appears  as  early  as  1366 
when  Margaretta  Calverd  (sic)  is  found  on  the  Durham  Man- 
orial Rolls,  and  it  is  evidently  an  old  Yorkshire  name  and 
there  is  little  to  support  the  "tradition"  that  they  were  of 
Flanders,  although  Calvaert  was  a  not  unknown  Flemish  name. 
What  was  the  origin  of  the  Calvert  Arms  (viz. :  paley  lof  six,  or 
and  sable,  a  bend  counterchanged)  does  not  appear,  but  Richard 
St.  George,  the  ISTorroy  King-at-Arms,  is  responsible  for  the 
addition  of  the  crest  of  the  Flemish  Calverts  when  he  issued  an 


THE    CALVERT    FAMILY.  51 

exemplification  of  arms  in  1622  to  Sir  George  Calvert  (1579- 
1632),  Knight  (afterwards  the  first  Lord  Baltimore). 

The  monumental  inscription  on  the  tomb  of  the  first  Baron 
mentioned  his  father  Leonard  (and  hig  grandfather,  John  Cal- 
vert), who  was  a  country  gentleman  of  means,  who  lived,  near 
Danby  Wiske,^  at  an  estate  called  Kiplin,  in  the  valley  of  the 
Swale,  Yorkshire.  This  Leonard  Calvert  was  bom  about  1550 
and  married,  about  1575,  Grace  (more  often  called  Alicia) 
Crossland,  daughter  of  Thomas  Crossland  (who  died  Aug., 
1587)  and  Joanna,  his  wife  (who  died  July,  1575).  The  issue 
of  this  marriage  is  unknown  save  one  son,  George  Calvert,  the 
Founder  of  Maryland,  but  it  is  probably  that  Mary  Calvert 
(who  was  born  in  1586  and  married,  in  1606,  Captain  Isaac 
Chapline,  R.  IST.)  was  a  daughter  of  Leonard  Calvert  and  Grace 
Crossland.  (Two  of  their  sions  settled  in  America:  John  Chap- 
line  in  Virginia  and  William  Chapline  in  Maryland).  In  his 
will,  the  first  Lord  Baltimore  refers  to  his  '^kindred"  in  the 
"ISTorth"  (i.  e.,  of  England, — ^Yorkshire),  but  there  is  no  record 
of  any  of  them  and  he  mentions  none  by  name. 

THE    TITLED  LINE 

1.  John  Calvert,^  of  Kiplin,  near  Danby  Wiske,  Yorkshire, 
temp,  Henry  VIIL,  m. — 

ISSXJE: 

2.  i.     Leonabd,  b.  c.  1550,  of  whom  later. 

2,  Leonard  Calvert ^  (John^),  b.  c.  1550;  d.  ;  M.  c. 

1575,  Grace  Crossland,  dau.  of  Thomas  Crossland  and  Jo- 
anna Hawksworth  of  "Crossland  Hill,"  Yorkshire  (see 
Foster's  "Visitations  of  Yorkshire,"  p.  509),  and  descend- 
ed from  Roger  de  Crossland,  temp.  Henry  III. 

ISSUE : 

3.  i.     Geoege,  b.  1578/9.  of  whom  later. 


^In  1659,  Philip  Calvert  patented  a  manor  of  900  acres,  called  Wiske 
alias  Danby,  in  Baltimore  county  on  Back  Eiver  at  the  place  now  known 
as  Porter's  bar  but  formerly  known  as  "Chancellor's  Point,"  from  the 
patentee.  In  the  Kent  Rolls  and  the  original  certificate  it  is  erroneously 
described  as  lying  on  the  North  East  river,  but  in  reality  lies  on  Back 
Eiver,  formerly  known  as  North  West  river.— 2V^o*6  by  Wm.  B.  Marye. 


52  MAKYLAND    HISTOEICAI.    MAGAZINE. 

3.     George  Calveet  ^   (Leonard,^  John^),  b.   1578/9,  near 
Bolton  Castle,  Yorkshire;  d.  in  London,  April  15,  1632, 
in  his  fifty-third  year.    He  graduated  from  Oxford  in  1597, 
receiving  the  degrete  lof  B.  A.   (eight  years  later  he  was 
created  M.  A.)  and  traveled  extensively  on  the  Continent, 
where  he  met  Sir  Eobert  Cecil  (afterward  Earl  of  Salis- 
bury), w'hose  private  secretary  he  later  became  and  through 
whose  influence  he  began  his  career  as  a  statesman.  He  was 
a  Member  of  Parliament  for  Bosmay,  Cornwall  in  1603 
and  at  Hampton  Court  he  was  knighted  by  King  James  I., 
on  September  29,  1617,  after  having  served  as  Clerk  of  the 
Crown  and  Assize  in  County  Clare,  Ireland.     In  1613  he 
had  become  Clerk  of  the  Privy  Council  and  was  later  a 
member  of  the  Commission  for  winding  up  the  affairs  of 
the  Virginia  Company  in  1624.    In  1619  he  had  been  ap- 
pointed by  the  King  to  the  high  office    (resembling  the 
present   Prime  Ministership)    of  Principal   Secretary  of 
State,  succeeding  Sir  Thomas  Lake  and  being  associated 
with  'Sir  Robert  ISTaunton.     This  office  he  resigned  on  Feb- 
ruary 9,  1625,  and  one  week  later  he  was  created  by  the 
King,  in  gratitude  for  his  services.  Baron  Baltimore  of 
Baltimore,  in  the  County  of  Longford,  Ireland,  in  which 
County  the  King  had  granted  him  February  18,  1621,  a 
Manor  of  2,300  acres  (Baltimore).    In  1624  he  represented 
Oxfordshire  in  Parliament  and  retired  to  private  life  the 
year  following.  (Other  offices  he  had  held,  such  as  one  of  the 
commissioners  for  the  office  of  Treasurer  and  a  member  of 
Parliament  for  Yorkshire).    As  a  young  man  he  had  been 
interested  in  the  colonization  of  the  'New  World  and  was  a 
member  of  the  Virginia  Company  in  1609.     In  1622  the 
King  had  granted  him  the  island  of  Avalon  (Ferryland) ,  a 
part  of  ISTewfoundland,  where  he  had  purchased  an  estate 
two  years  preceding.     Here  he  attempted  a  settlement — • 
which  was  unsuccessful — and  spent  a  fortune  in  the  at- 
tempt.    About  this  time  he  became  a  Roman  Catholic  and 
offered  his  resignation  (as  Secretary  of  State)  to  the  King, 
which.  His  Majesty  refused  to  accept  on  account  lof  Cal- 


THE    CALVEET    FAMILY.  53 

vert's  valuable  services.    He  next  turned  his  attention  soutk- 
ward,  sailed  for  Virginia    (taking  with  him  his  second 
wife),  and  returned  to  England,  where  he  besought  the 
King  (Charles  I.,  who  had  succeeded  his  father,  James  I., 
in  1625)  for  a  new  grant  of  land.     The  King,  who  con- 
tinued his  father's  friendship  for  Lord  Baltimore,  then 
granted  him  the  territory  which  was  later  called  Maryland 
(i.  e.,  in  Latin,  Terra  Mariae)  in  honor  of  the  Queen  of 
England    (Henrietta  Maria,   an  aunt  of  Louis  XIV.,  of 
France).     The  settlement  of  Maryland  needs  no  further 
mention.     Lord  Baltimore's  life  was  cut  short  in  his  fifty- 
third  year  by  his  death,  April  15,  1632 — before  the  Charter 
of  Maryland  has  passed  the  great  Seal  (so  it  was  made  out 
in  the  name  of  Cecil,  the  second  Baron) — and  was  buried 
in  the  Chancel  of  St.  Dunstan's  in  the  West,  London,  which 
church  was  later  destr^oyed  by  fire.    His  Lordship  had  been 
twice  married:   firstly,  at  St.  Peter's,  Cornhill,  London, 
"Thursday,  ITovember  22,  1604,  Mr.  George  Calvert  of  St. 
Martin's  in  the  Fields,  Gent.,  and  Mrs.  Anne  Mynne,  of 
Bexley  in  Hertfordshire."     (So  reads  the  Parish  records!) 
His  second  wife — the  first  Lady  Baltimore — ^was  named 
Joan  (mentioned  as  "Dame  Joane  Baltimore"  by  her  hus- 
band in  a  deed  under  date  of  1627),  but  of  her  parentage  or 
history  nothing  is  kaiown.     Lady  Calvert  (Anne  Mynne), 
who  was  born  ^Rovember  20,  1579  and  died  August  12, 
1622,  was  a  daughter  of  George  Mynne  of  Hertfordshire 
(who  d.  May  20,  1581)   and  Elizabeth  Wroth,  his  wife 
(who  d.  August  14,  1614),  dau.  of  Sir  Thomas  Wroth  of 
Durance  in  Enfield,  Middlesex,  and  his  wife,  the  Lady 
Mary  Eich,  a  dau.  of  Richard,  Lord  (Chancellor)  Rich,  of 
Henry  VIII.'s  reign.    Sir  Thomas  Wroth  (1519-1573)  was 
at  Court  during  the  brief  reign  of  King  Edward  VI.,  and 
that  youthful  rn'onarch  expired  in  his  arms.     His  great- 
great-grandfather  was  Sir  John  Wroth,  Lord  Mayor  of  Lon- 
don in  1361.   The  Wroth  Lineage  is  interesting :  The  mother 
of  this  Sir  Thomas  Wroth  was  Joane  Haute,  widow  of 
Thomas  Goodyere  of  Hadley  and  daughter  of  Sir  Thomas 


54  MARYLAND    HISTOKICAL    MAGAZINE. 

and  Lady  Haute  (Elizabeth.  Frowicke)  of  Hautesboume, 
whose  grandfather,  William  Haute,  married  Elizabeth 
Woodville,  sister  of  Richard  Woodville,  Earl  Rivers,  and 
aunt  of  Elizabeth  (Woodville)  Orey,  Queen  of  Edward  IV., 
of  England.  William  Haute  was  descended  from  Piers 
Eitz  Haut,  one  of  the  soldiers  of  William  the  Conqueror. 
To  return  to  Ladj  Calvert  (Anne  Mynne) :  her  father 
was  buried  in  St.  Mary's  Church,  Hertingfordbury,  Hert- 
fordshire. His  tomb  bore  the  following  inscription  (with 
the  Mynne  and  Wroth  coats-of-arms  empaled) :  "Here  lies 
buried  the  bodies  of  Greorge  Mynne,  of  Hertingfordbury, 
Esq.,  and  Elizaibeth,  his  wife,  daughter  of  Sir  Thomas 
Wroth,  of  Durance  in  Enfield,  in  the  County  of  Middlesex, 
Knight;  they  had  issue,  three  sons  and  three  daughters. 
The  said  George  Mynne  departed  this  life  the  20th  day  of 
May,  in  the  year  of  our  Lord  1581;  his  wife,  Elizabeth 
taking  afterward  to  her  second  husband  ^Nicholas  Butler, 
Esq.,  and  she  died  the  14:th  of  Aug.,  1614."  Through  the 
Rich  Family  connection  Lady  Calvert  was  highly  connected, 
as  her  grandmother  (Lady  Wroth,  nee  Rich)  was  aunt  of 
Robert  Rich,  Earl  of  Warwick,  and  sister  to  Lady  Peyton, 
Lady  Dudley  (afterwards  the  Baroness  ISTorth),  Lady 
Drewry  and  Lady  D'Arcy. 

By  his  first  wife,  Anne  Mynne,  Lord  Baltimore  had 
issue : 

Cecil,  b.  1605  (of  whom  larter),  second  Lord  Baltimore. 

Leonard,  b.  1606  (of  whom  afterward),  first  Governor  of 
Maryland. 

Anne,  m.  before  1632,  William  Peaaeley,  esq. 

George,  d.  u.  1634,  in  Maryland. 

Dorothy,  m,  James  Talboit  and  d.  s.  p. 

Francis,  d.  s.  p.  v.  p. 

Henry,  d.   u.  1635. 

Elizabeth,  d.  v.  p.  unmarried. 

Grace,  b.  1614;  d.  ;  m.  163y2,  Sir  Robert  Talbot  of 

Carton,  a  brother  of  the  Duke  of  Tyrconnel. 

ISSTJE: 

1.  Frances  Talbot,  d.  1718;  m.  her  cousin,  Richard  Talbot 
(d.  1703)  ;  ancestors  of  the  present  Lord  Talbot  de 
Malehide  of  London. 


4. 

i. 

9. 

ii. 

iii. 

iv. 

V. 

vi. 

vii. 

viii. 

ix. 

THE    CALVEET    FAMILY.  55 

2.  William  Talbot,  d.  s.  p. 

3.  George  Talbot,  of  Maryland;  d.  s.  p. 

X.  Helen,  "said  to  have"  m.  Governor  Thomas  Green  of  Mary- 
land (?). 
xi.  John,  b.  1622;  evidently  d.  y.  (But  who  was  the  John 
Calvert  who  came  to  Maryland  with  Philip  Calvert 
in  1660  and  was  a  member  of  a  Provincial  Com- 
mittee in  166&  with  this  same  Philip  Calvert,  sup- 
posedly his  half  brother  ?). 

By  his  second  wife,  Joane  ,  Lord  Baltimore 

had  issue: 

i.  Philip,  b.  1626;  d.  1682.  He  came  to  Maryland  in  1660 
land  was  long  Chancellor;  in  1669  he  was  Deputy 
Governor  of  the  Province.  Although  twice  married, 
he  appears  to  have  died  issueless.  He  m.  (1.)  about 
1658,  Anne  Wolseley  (a  first  cousin  of  Jane  Lowe 
iSewall,  Lady  Baltimore,  q.  v.),  dau.  of  Sir  Thomas 
Wolseley  of  Staffordshire,  England;  m.  (2.)  1681, 
Jane  Sewall,  dau.  of  Jane  (Lowe)  Sewall,  Lady  Bal- 
timore, by  her  first  husband,  Henry  Sewall,  M.  D., 
of  Maryland.  Philip  Calverit  died  shortly  after  his 
second  marriage  and  his  widow  (Jane  Sewall)  mar- 
ried, secondly,  John  Pasiton. 

4.  Cecil  Calvert  *  (George,^  Leonard,^  John^)  second  Lord 
Baltimore,  b.  Aug.  8,  1605;  baptised  March  2,  1606,  at 
Bexley,  Kent;  d.  'Nor.  30  (buried  Dec.  7),  1675,  at  St. 
Giles-in-the-Fields,  Middlesex.  He  entered  Trinity  Col- 
lege, Oxford,  in  1621  and  to  him,  on  June  20,  1632,  the 
grant  of  Maryland  was  issued.  Although  he  was  never  able 
to  visit  his  province,  Lord  Baltimore  was  the  real  founder 
of  Maryland.  He  was  a  member  of  Parliament  in  1634 
and  married,  March  20,  1627/8,  Anue  Arundell,  daughter 
of  Sir  Thomas  Arundell,  Lord  Arundell  of  Wardour  Castle 
(a  Count  of  the  Holy  Eoman  Empire),  by  his  second  wife, 
Anne  (the  widow  of  one  Thurgood),  daughter  of  Miles 
Philipsin,  of  Crook  in  Westmoreland,  by  his  wife,  Barbara, 
sister  of  Francis  Sandys  of  Conished  in  Lancashire.  Lady 
Ann©  Arundell  died  July  23,  1649,  aged  34  and  was  buried 
at  Tisbury,  in  Wiltshire. 


66  MARYLAND    HISTOEICAL    MAGAZINE. 


ISSUE : 

i.     Anne,  evidently  d.  j. 
ii,     Mary,  b.  1630;  d.  s.  p.  1663;  m.  c.  1650,  Sir  William  Blakis- 

ton  of  Gibside,  Durham   (d.  1692). 
iii.     George,  b.  Sept.  15,  1634;  d.  June  6,  1636. 
iv.     Elizabeth. 
6.     V.   Chables,   b.   Aug.   27,    1637    (of  whom   later),   third  Lord 
Baltimore. 

5.  Charles  Calvert  I.^  (Cecil,*  Gleorge,^  Leonard,^  Jolm  ^). 
third  Lord  Baltimore,  b.  Aug.  27,  1637  (not  1630,  as  gen- 
erally given!)  ;  d.  Feb.  21.  1715,  and  was  buried  at  St. 
Pancras,  Middlesex.  He  came  to  Maryland  in  1661  as 
Governor  and  brougbt  bis  first  wife  with  bim  (she  died 
there  in  childbed).  In  1684  he  returned  to  England,  where 
he  died.  Lord  Baltimore,  who  was  a  Major-General  in  the 
British  Army,  was  married  four  times  :(1.)  1656,  Mary 
Darnall,  dau.  of  Ralph  Damall  of  Loughton  in  Hereford- 
shire; (2.)  1666,  Jane,  widow  of  Henry  Sewall,  M.  D., 
and  dau.  of  Vincent  Lowe  of  Denby  in  Derbyshire,  by  his 
wife,  Anne  Cavendish  of  London  (Jane,  Lady  Baltimore, 
d.  Jan.  19,  1700,  and  was  buried  at  St.  Giles-in-the-Fields, 
Middlesex)  ;  (3.)  Dec.  6,  1701,  Mary  Thorpe  (a  widow), 

dau.  of Banks  (she  died  March  13,  1710)  ;  (4.) 

1712,  Margaret  Charleton,  dau.  of  Thomas  Charleton  of 
Hexham  in  ]!Torthumberland  (she  died  July  30,  1731, 
having  married  secondly,  iN'ov.  9,  1718,  Lawrence  Eliot,  of 
Yapton  Place,  Sussex). 

isstTE,  by  second  marriage: 

i.     Cecil,  b.  1667;  d.  1681. 
ii.     Clare,  b.  1670;  d.  before  1694;  m.  c.  1690,  the  Hon.  Edward 

Maria  Somersett. 
iii.     Anne,  b.   1673;   d.  Feb.   10,   1731;   m.    (1.)    1694,  the  Hon. 
Edward  Maria  Somerseltt  (q.  v.)  ;    (2.)  William  Pas- 
ton  of  Horton,  in  Gloucestershire,  Esq. 
6.     iv.    'Benedict  Leonard,  b.  March  21,  1679;  fourth  Lord  Balti- 
more ( of  whom  later ) . 
28.      V.     (?).     Charles,  b.  c.  1680;  d.  1733   (of  whom  afterward). 


THE    CALVEET    FAMILY.  57 

6.  Benedict  Leonard  Calveet«  (Cliarles,^'  Cecil,^  George,^ 
Leonard,^  Johni),  fourtli  Lord  Baltimore;  b.  March  21, 
1679;  d.  April  16  (buried  May  2),  1715,  at  Epson  in 
Surrey.  He  was  a  Member  of  Parliament  in  1714-5  and 
married,  Jan.  2,  1698,  Lady  Charlotte  Lee  (who  was  di- 
vorced in  1705),  dau.  of  Edward  Henry  Lee  (1663-1716, 
Earl  of  Lichfield,  by  his  wife,  the  Lady  Charlotte  EitzKoy' 
a  daughter  of  Ejing  Charles  IL,  by  Barbara  (Villiers) 
Pahner  (1640-1709),  Countess  of  Castlemain,  Duchess  of 
Cleveland,  etc.  After  the  death  of  Lord  Baltimore  she 
married  secondly,  Dec.  6,  1719,  Christopher  Crewe  and, 
dying  Jan.  21,  1721,  was  buried  at  Woodford  in  Essex. 

ISSTTE: 

7.        i.     Chaeles,  b.  Sept.  29,  1699    (of  whom  later),  fifth  Lord  Bal- 
timore. 
ii.     Benedict  Leonard,  b.  Sept.  20,   1700;   d.  u.  June  1,   1732. 
In  1726  he  was  a  member  of  Parliament  for  Har- 
wich and  later  (1727)  Governor  of  Maryland.    While 
returning  to  England  he  died  and  was  buried  at  sea. 
iii.     Edward  Henry,  b.  Aug.  31,  1701;  d.  1730;  m.  Margaret  Lee, 
who  survived  him   and  m.    (2.),  October   13,    1751, 
James  Fitzgerald,  Esq.    Edward  Henry  Calvert  was 
Commiss.axy  General  of  Maryland  in  1728. 
iv.     Cecelius,  b.  Nov.  6,  1702;  d.  u.  1765.     He  was  Secretary  of 
the  Province  and  managed  the  aflfairs  of  His  Lord- 
ship. 
V.    Charldtte,   b.   Nov.    6,    1702;    d.    1744;    m.   Thomas    Brere- 
wood,  Esq. 

ISSUE: 

1.    Francis  Brerewood. 

vL    Jane,  b.  Nov.  19,  1703;  d.  ;  m.  May  4,  1720,  John 

Hyde,  of  Kingston  Lisle,  in  Berkshire,  Esq.     They 
had  two  sons,  John  and  Henry  Hyde. 
vii.     Barbara,  b.  Oct.  3,  1704;  d.  i. 
viii.    Anne. 

7.  Charles  Calveet  II.'''  (Benedict  Leonard,^  Charles,'' 
Cecil,^  George,^  Leonard,^  John^),  fifth  Lord  Baltimore, 
b.  Sept.  29,  1699;  d.  April  24,  1751,  and  was  buried 
at  Erith  in  Kent.  He  was  Cofferer  to  H.  R.  H.  Frederick, 
Prince  of  Wales  (after  whom  he  named  his  son  and  succes- 


58  MARYLAND    HISTOKICAL    MAGAZINE. 

sor)  and  represented  Surrey  in'  Parliament.  He  was  als^o 
a  Fellow  of  tlie  Royal  Society  and  a  Lord  of  tlie  Admiralty 
in  1741,  but  his  liigli  offices  did  not  modify  his  "riotous 
living."  He  m.,  July  20,  1730,  Mary  Janssen  (who  died 
at  Shaillot,  near  Paris,  March  25,  1748),  youngest  daugh- 
ter of  Sir  Theodore  Janssen  and  sister  of  Stephen  Theodore 
Janssen,  Lord  Mayor  of  London.  Lady  Baltimore  was  a 
granddaughter  of  Abraham  Janssen,  a  son  of  the  Baron  de 
Heez  in  the  Netherlands.  Her  mother  (Lady  Janssen)  was 
a  daughter  of  Sir  Robert  Henley  of  "the  Grange,"  in 
Hampshire,  by  his  wife,  Barbara  Hungerford,  a  daughter 
of  Sir  Edward  Hungerford.  Sir  Robert  Henley  was  a 
Member  of  Parliament. 

ISSUE: 

8.       i.     Fkederick,  b.  Feb.  6,  1732   (of  whom  later),  sixth  and  last 
Lord  Baltimore. 
ii.     Frances  Dorothy,  b.  1734;  d.  March  5,  1736. 

iii.     Louisa,  m.  John  Browning,  Esq. 

iv.     Charles,  b.  Jan.  21,   1737;    d.  i. 

V.  Caroline,  m.  Robert  Eden  (d.  1786),  Governor  of  Maryland 
1769-1776;  lancestors  of  the  present  Sir  Timothy 
Calvert  Eden  and  of  Lady  Brooke  of  Warwick 
Castle.  Before  his  marriage  to  Mary  Janssen, 
Charles,  fiflth  Lord  Baltimore,  was  father  of  a  son 
called  Benedict  iSwingate.  This  boy  was  sent  to 
Maryland  about  1742,  married,  in  1748,  Elizabeth 
Calvert,  dau.  of  Gov.  Charles  Calvert,  and  assumed 
the  name  of  Calvert,  becoming  head  of  the  family 
who  lived  at  "Mt  Airy." 
24.     vi.    Benedict,  b.  c.  1724  (of  whom  lalter). 

8.  Feederick  Calvert  ^  (Charles,'^  BenediteU  Leonard,® 
Charles,^  Cecil/  George,^  Leonard,^  John^),  sixth  and 
last  Lord  Baltimore,  b.  Feb.  6  1732 ;  d.  s.  p.  1.,  Sept.  4, 
1771,  at  iN'aples,  and  was  buried  at  Epson  in  Surrey.  He 
m.,  March  9,  1753,  the  Lady  Diana  Egerton  (1732-1758), 
dau.  lof  Scrope  Egerton,  Duke  of  Bridgewater.  (She  died 
Aug.  18,  1758,  s.  p.).  Lord  Baltimore  was  a  dissolute,  but 
generous  man ;  a  traveler  who  never  visited  his  Province ; 
a  writer  and  a  rake.  Although  leaving  no  legitimate  issue, 
he  had  several  natural  children,  as  follows : 


THE    CALVEKT    FAMILY.  59 

By  Hester  Whelan  of  Ireland. 

i.  Henry  Harford,  b.  1760,  to  whom  he  willed  the  Province  of 
Maryland,  but  the  American  Revolution  soon  swept 
away  his  claims. 

ii.  iPrances  Mary  Harford,  b.  1762;  m.  William  Frederick  Wynd- 
ham  (1763-1828),  son  of  Charles  Wyndham  (1710- 
1763),  second  Earl  of  Egremont  and  grandson  of 
Charles  Seymour,  sixth  Duke  of  Somerset. 

ISSUE: 
1.    George  Francis  Wyndham,  fourlth  Earl  of  Egremont, 
By  Elizabeth   Dawson   of   Lincolnshire: 
i.    (Sophia  Hales,  b.  1765. 
ii.     Elizabeth  Hales,  b.  1765. 

By  Elizabeth  Hope  of  Munster,  Germany : 
i.     Charlotte  Hope,  b.  1770,  at  Hamburg. 

With  tlie  death  of  Frederick  Calvert,  sixth  Lord  Baltimore, 
the  title  heoame  "extinct"  as  there  was  no  surviving  (male) 
m.€m.her  of  his  family  in  England  and  the  descendants  of  Grov- 
ernor  the  Honorable  Leonard  Calvert  in  America  were  over- 
looked or  forgotten,  although  they  were  heirs  male  of  the  body 
of  the  first  Baron.  (The  chief  authority  for  the  above  account 
is  from  the  records  in  the  Office  'of  the  King-at-Arms,  Dublin 
Castle,  Dnblin,  Ireland,  which  office  informs  the  writer  that  the 
title  can  be  claimed  by  a  descendant  of  Leonard  Calvert  in  the 
male  line. 


60  MAEYLAND    HISTOKICAL    MAGAZINE. 


THE  CASE  OF  THE  "GOOD  INTENT" 


[In  Volume  3  of  this  Magazine,  at  pages  141,  240  and  342  one  side  of  the 
story  of  the  "Good  Intent"  was  published;  and  in  the  same  volume  at 
page  386  appeared  the  "  After  story  of  the  '  Good  Intent.'  "  We  now  print 
what  may  be  considered  as  a  minority  report  of  the  Committee,  originally 
published  in  the  Maryland  Gazette  of  April  21,  1770,  thus  completing  the 
record  of  this  interesting  case.] 

To  the  Printers. 

Baltimore  County,  April  16,  1770. 

A  Paniplilet  having  lately  made  its  appearance,  addressed 
to  the  Inhabitants  of  Anne  Arundel,  Baltimore,  and  Prince 
George's  Counties,  entitled,  "  The  Proceedings  of  the  Com- 
mittee appointed  to  examine  into  the  Imporation  of  Goods 
by  the  Brigantine  Good  Intent,  Capt.  Errington,  from  London, 
in  February  1770."  In  Justification  of  our  own  Characters, 
we  utterly  disclaim  that  Publication,  as  being  the  Proceedings 
of  the  Committee,  and  beg  Leave  to  lay  before  the  Public,  such 
Abstracts  of  the  Proceedings,  as  we  apprehended  necessary  to 
set  our  Conduct  on  that  Occasion  in  ,a  proper  Light,  witbo'ut 
drawing  Conclusions,  or  casting  any  ungenerous  and  unjust 
Eeflections  on  the  Gentlemen  concerned  in  the  Importation, 
who,  in  our  Opinion,  acted  with  Honour  and  Candour,  and 
without  any  apparent  Design  of  subverting  the  Association; 
and  "  Satisfied  in  our  own  Consciences,  we  leave  the  rest  to 
Fate." 

When  the  Gentlemen  from  the  different  Counties,  at  the 
Request  of  the  Parties  concerned,  met  at  Annapolis,  we  were 
of  opinion,  that  it  would  'be  our  sole  Business  to  enquire, 
whether  the  Goods  imported  were  agreeable  to  the  true  Intent 
and  Spirit  of  the  Association,  or  not?  And  we  should  have 
been  very  well  satisfied  our  Deliberations  on  that  Subject  had 
appeared  with  a  plain  Narrative  of  Pacts,  agreeable  to  thiQ 
State  they  were  left  in  when  the  Committee  broke  up;  not- 


THE    CASE    OF    THE    "  GOOD    INTENT."  61 

withstanding  Messrs.  West,  Paca  and  Mackie  were  appointed 
to  stay  in  Town,  it  was  expressly  determined  that  they  were 
only  to  revise  and  correct  for  the  Press,  what  was  then  wrote, 
without  altering  the  Sense  in  any  Part. 

The  following  Questions  were  severally  put,  and  Votes 
passed  on  each  Cargo : 

First,  Whether  the  Goods  consigned  to  the  several  Gentlemen, 
were  imported  agreeable  to  the  true  Intent  and  Meaning  of  the 
Association  ? 

Resolved  unanimously  in  the  JSTegative. 

Secondly,  Whether  such  of  the  ahove  Goods  as  are  allowed  to 
be  imported  by  the  Association,  and  which  are  blended  and 
packed  with  the  Goods  prohibited,  be  permitted  to  be  landed  ? 

Eor  the  negative,  For  the  affikmative, 

T  Sprigg,  Stevenson, 

Worthington,  Plowman, 

Weems,  Smith, 

Paca,  Mackie. 

Lowndes, 
Sim, 

J.  Sprigg, 
West. 

Upon  comparing  the  above  Questions  that  were  actually  put, 
with  those  published  in  the  Pamphlet,  and  which  are  inserted 
below,  the  Public  will  be  able  to  form  some  Judgment  of  the 
Candour  of  the  Author :  As  we  agree  in  the  First  it  is  needless 
to  repeat  it;  the  Second  is  greatly  misrepresented,  and  is  as 
follows : 

Secondly,  "  As  to  the  Articles  allowed  to  be  imported,*  they 
"being  blended  and  packed  up  with  the  prohibited  Articles, 

*  Are  Nails,  Hoes,  German  Osnabrigs,  Brown  Rolls,  Sail-Duck,  Match- 
coat  Blankets,  coarse  Rugs  and  Blankets,  coarse  Woolen  Clothes,  at,  and 
under  Five  Shillings  Sterling  per  Yard,  Wool-Cards,  Gunpowder,  Lead  and 
Shot,  Grind-Stones,  &c,  dc,  &c,  generally  so  blended  and  packed  up  with 
the  other  Goods,  that  they  cannot  be  separated. 


62  MARYLAND    HISTORIC AL    MAGAZINE. 

"  the  Landing  and  storing  of  whicli  being  expressly  oontra- 
"  dictorj  to  the  very  Words  of  the  Association,  and  therefore 
"  not  practicable  upon  any  fair  Construction  of  it ;  and  the 
"  said  Committee  being  fully  convinced,  by  a  Multitude  of 
"  Proofs  and  concurring  Circumstances,  of  the  ungenerous 
"  Principle  which  apparently  actuated  Mr.  Buchanan,  in 
"  trumping  up  old  Orders  to  colour  a  premeditated  Design  to 
"  subvert  the  Association. 

"  Resolved,  That  it  is  the  Opinion  of  the  Committee,  these 
"  Goods  ought  not  to  be  landed." 

Against  Landing,  as  on  the  Second  Question  above. 

For  Landing,  as  on  the  Second  Question  above. 

As  we  are  unwilling  to  deprive  the  Author  of  any  Merit  he 
may  have  acquired  by  the  Publication ;  and  his  Remarks  on  the 
King's  Speech  to  the  Parliament;  so  we  are  inclinable  to  over- 
look the  daring  Insult  offered  us  in  the  above  Misrepresentation 
and  Attempt  to  make  us  appear  inconsistent  and  ridiculous ;  as 
well  as  the  constituting  himself  a  standing  Committee  at 
Annapolis,  for  Six  Weeks  f  after  the  other  was  dissolved. 

We  should  have  published  our  Disavowal  sooner,  but  being 
engaged  in  Business  prevented  our  doing  it  'til  now ;  the  same 
Reason  will  prevent  our  replying  to  any  Thing  the  Author  of 
the  abovementioned  Pamphlet,  or  any  other  Person,  may  think 
proper  to  publish  on  the  foregoing  Subject;  and  we  request, 
that  should  the  Author  choose  to  continue  himself  a  standing 
Committee,  he  may  publish  his  Proceedings  in  his  oiwn  ISTame. 

John  Stevenson^ 
Jonathan  Plowman, 
John  Smith, 
Ebenezee  Mackie. 

•f  Mr.  Mackie,  the  Person  appointed  from  Baltimore,  for  the  Revisal  of 
the  Proceedings,  left  Annapolis  in  Two  Days  after  the  general  Committee 
was  broke  up,  when  he  apprehended  every  Thing  was  ready  for  Publication, 
without  any  material  Alteration  of  the  Sense,  and  that  only  a  fair  Copy 
for  the  Press  remained  to  be  made  out. 


PROCEEDINGS    OF    THE    SOCIETY.  63 


PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  SOCIETY 


MOISTTHLY  MEETINGS 

December  13,  1920.  The  regular  montMy  meeting  of  the 
Maryland  Historical  Society  was  held  tonight  with  Vice- 
President  Stockbridge  presiding. 

The  minutes  of  the  last  meeting  were  read  and  approved. 

The  following  persons  were  elected  to  active  membership : 

Mrs.  Florence  J.  Gates,  Mrs.  Samuel  Helfrich, 

Dr.  Henry  Parr  Hynson,  Edward  S.  Delaplaine, 

W.  Thomas  Kemp,  Esq.,  Mrs.  EfBe  Sargent  Hobson, 

William  H.  Conkling,  Jr.,  William  B.  Fallon, 

Elizabeth  Collins  Lee,  Mrs.  F.  Byrne  Shepherd, 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Charles  Gambrill  Baldwin. 

Vice-President  Stockbridge  then  explained  that  the  Special 
Program  for  the  evening  was  in  charge  of  the  Society  of  the 
Ark  and  the  Dove,  and  he  requested  Mr.  J.  ISToble  Stockett,  Gov- 
ernor of  that  Society,  to  take  the  Chair. 

Mr.  Stockett  then  requested  Dr.  Magruder,  Chaplain  of  the 
Society  of  the  Ark  and  the  Dove,  to  open  the  meeting  with  a 
prayer. 

Dr.  Magruder  spoke  of  the  great  work  which  the  two  societies 
had  before  them,  and  asked  the  members  and  friends  of  the 
societies  to  join  in  the  greatest  of  all  prayers,  The  Lord's 
Prayer.    After  which  Mr.  Stockett  spoke  as  follows : 

"  It  is  customary  for  the  Society  of  the  Ark  and  the  Dove 
to  observe  each  year  the  anniversary  of  the  sailing  of  the  vessels 
the  Ark  and  the  Dove  from  COwes,  Isle  of  Wight,  England, 
ITovember  22,  1633. 

"  It  being  our  desire  to  present  to  the  Maryland  Historical 
Society  a  copy  of  the  original  survey  of  Chancellors  Point 


64  MAETLAND    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

locating  the  old  Fort  at  St.  Mary's  City,  we  deferred  our  usual 
custom  to  fit  in  witli  the  regular  monthly  meeting  of  the  Mary- 
land Historical  Society.  We  trust,  however,  that  the  occasion 
will  be  none  the  less  interesting. 

"Judge  iStockbridge,  on  behalf  of  the  Society  of  the  Ark 
and  the  Dove,  it  gives  me  pleasure  to  present  to  the  Maryland 
Historical  Society  through  you,  its  Vice-President,  this  framed 
copy  of  the  original  survey  of  Chancellors  Point  locating  the 
old  Eort  at  St.  Mary's  City,  and  I  hope.  Sir,  it  may  be  your 
pleasure  to  accept  the  same." 

Judge  Stockbridge  thereupon  accepted  the  framed  survey, 
and  expressed  the  appreciation  'of  the  Maryland  Historical 
Society. 

Mr.  Stockett  then  introduced  Dr.  James  W.  Thomas  of 
Cumberland  and  "  Deep  Falls,"  Maryland,  the  speaker  of  the 
evening. 

At  the  conclusion  of  Dr.  Thomas'  address,  Mr.  DuvaU  sug- 
gested that  we  should  show  our  appreciation  of  the  interesting 
evening  afforded  by  the  Society  of  the  Ark  and  the  Dove  by  a 
rising  vote  of  thanks,  which  suggestion  was  followed,  and  after 
Judge  Stockbridge  had  extended  a  cordial  invitation  to  the 
friends  and  members  of  the  Society  to  inspect  the  Gallery,  the 
meeting  adjourned. 


January  10th,  1921.  The  regular  monthly  meeting  of  the 
Society  was  held  tonight  with  the  President  presiding. 

Dr.  Steiner  presented  selected  papers  and  letters  of  the  late 
Senator  James  Alfred  Pearce,  father  of  the  late  Judge  Pearce. 
The  President  acknowledged  the  gift. 

The  following  persons  were  elected  to  membership : 

His    Eminence    James    Caedinax      Geobge  Houston  Harper, 

Gibbons.  Mrs.  Benjamin  Fhankejn. 

Alfred  Jenkins  Shriveb.  Dr.  Francis  Lee  Dunham. 

Vernon  M.  Dorset.  William  R.  Colk 

Robert  W.  Senet.  i          Col.  Benjamin  Patten  Nickliit. 

Philip  Gutmian  Straus.  Lewis  Egerton  Smoot. 

Robinson  C  Paqon.  Mrs.  Henry  Stockbridge. 

Iettin  E.  Butler.  Theodore  Kt.ktn  Miller. 


PROCEEDINGS    OF    THE    SOCIETY.  65 

A  letter  was  read  from  Mrs.  Augusta  M.  Libbj  of  Denver, 
Colorado,  enclosing  $25.00,  this  being  lier  second  contribution 
of  the  like  amount  to  tlie  Permanent  Endowment  Fund.  The 
Secretary  was  instructed  to  write  to  Mrs.  Lilbby  and  express  the 
appreciation  of  the  Society  for  her  generosity. 

The  President  announced  that  at  the  request  of  the  Finance 
Committee  the  Library  would  be  open,  beginning  about  the 
middle  of  the  month,  as  follows:  In  the  evenings  (as  well  as 
during  the  regular  hours)  from  T.30-9.30,  and  on  Sunday  after- 
noons from  2 :30  to  5  :30. 

Under  the  head  of  ^"ecrology  the  death  of  Mr.  E.  Edmunds 
Foster  and  Ex-Oovernor  Henry  Lloyd  were  reported. 

The  President  then  announced  that  in  accordance  with  the 
Constitution  it  was  in  order  that  nominations  for  officers,  stand- 
ing Committees  and  Trustees  of  the  Athenaeum  for  the  coming 
year  be  made  at  this  meeting.  ISTominations  for  Officers  and 
Members  of  Committees  resulted  in  the  following : 

President. 
W.  Hall  Harris. 

Vice-Presidents. 

Van  TiWATC  Black,  Henby  Stockbeidge, 

De  Cotjesey  W.  Thom. 

Corresponding  Secretary. 

J.  Appleton  Wilson. 

and  Richabd  M.  Dxjviall  who  declined  the  nomination. 

Recording  Secretary. 
George  L.  Eadcliffe. 

Treasurer. 
Hetward  E.  Boyce. 

Trustees  of  the  Athenaeum. 
Clinton  L.  Riggs,  Chairmam,. 
Franklin  P.  Oator.  William  C.  Page. 

William  H.  Greenway.  Edward  Stabler,  Jr. 

William  M.  Hayden.  H.  Oliver  Thompson. 

Committee  on  the  Gallery. 
RuxTON  M.  Ridgely. 
John  R.  Bland.  J.  Wilson  Leakin. 

Thomas  C.  Corner.  Howard  Sill. 

5 


66  MAEYLAND    HISTOEICAL    MAGAZINE. 

Committee  on  the  Library. 
Louis  H.  Dielman,  Chairman. 
Waltee  I,  Dawkins.  John  H.  Latane. 

RlCHABD  M,   DXJVALL.  EdWABD  B.  MATTHEWS. 

SwEPSON  Eable.  Lawbence  C.  Wboth. 

Com,m,ittee  on  Fi/nance. 
Phit.ltps  Lee  Goldsboeough,  ChairmM/n. 

WiT.T.TAM  G.  BaKEB,  JE.  ViAN  LeAE  BlACK. 

Committee  on  Publications. 
Samxjel  K.  Dennis,  Chairman. 
Bebnabd  C.  Steinee.  John  M,  Vincent. 

Committee  on  Membership, 
McHenby  Howaed,  Chairman. 
Geoege  a.  Colston.  William  H.  Lytle, 

Geobge  Aenold  Fbick.  Isaac  T.  Noebis. 

James  D.  Iglehaet.  Geoege  Weems  Williams. 

Committee  on  Genealogy  and  Heraldry. 
B.  Bebnaed  Beowne,  Chairman. 
Heney  J.  Beekley.  William  J.  MoClellan. 

Feancis  B.  Culveb.  J.  Hall  Pt.kasiantr,  Jr. 

Thomas  E.  Seabs. 

Committee  on  Addresses  and  Literary  Entertainments. 
James  MoC.  Teippe,  Chairman. 
N.  WiNSLOw  Willeams.  John  L.  Sanfobd. 

The  business  of  tlie  evening  was  discontinued  while  a  paper 
was  read  by  Dr.  Bernard  C.  Steiner  entitled  "  James  Alfred 
Pearce,  United  States  Senator  from  Maryland,  1843-1863." 

The  meeting  then  adjourned. 


February  l^th,  1921.  The  regular  monthly  meeting  of  the 
Society  was  held  tonight  with  the  President  presiding. 

The  minutes  of  the  last  meeting  were  read  and  approved. 

Donations  to  the  Library  and  Cabinet  were  described  by  the 
Acting  Librarian.  Mrs.  William  Reed  presented  the  snuff-box 
of  'Commodore  Barney  'bequeathed  by  Miss  Caroline  Eemington. 


PKOCEEDIJSTGS    OF    THE    SOCIETY.  67 

The  following  persons,  previously  nominated,  were  elected 
to  nieml>ersliip : 

Waltee  R.  CtAt.f..  W.  Bladen  Lowndes. 

Chaeles  J.  Bouchet.  C.  T.  WrmiAMS. 

Mrs.  Van  Leae  Black.  Donald  Symington. 

R.  E,  Hanson.  Jack  Symington. 

Dr.  James  D.  Iglehart  presented  the  "  Politician's  Kegister," 
for  the  years  1836-40,  published  by  W.  Hickman,  Baltimore. 
The  President  thanked  Dr.  Iglehart  on  behalf  of  the  Society. 

The  President  brought  before  the  Society  the  matter  of  the 
preservation  of  the  Shot  Tower.  He  stated  that  public  sentiment 
seemed  strongly  in  favor  of  its  preservation  from  numerous  let- 
ters received  by  this  Society  from  prominent  citizens  asking  that 
we  use  our  influence  in  the  matter.  He  said  that  the  matter  had 
been  considered  at  the  meeting  of  thelCouncil  on  the  10th  instant 
and  that  letters  had  been  written  to  the  Mayor  and  Park  Board 
urging  that  either  the  City  or  the  Park  Board  purchase  the 
Tower  and  a  small  amount  of  land  surrounding  the  same  to  be 
used  as  a  park.  After  much  discussion  and  many  expressions 
of  opinion  in  favor  of  the  preservation  of  this  historic  land  mark 
it  was,  upon  motion  of  Mr.  Thom,  seconded  by  Judge  Hawkins : 

"  Resolved.  That  this  meeting  of  the  Society  indicate  to  the 
Mayor  and  the  President  of  the  Board  of  Park  Commissioners, 
through  the  proper  authorities,  our  very  strong  hope  that  the 
land  immediately  surrounding  the  Shot  Tower  be  purchased  by 
the  Park  Board  and  that  a  Committee,  headed  by  our  President, 
be  appointed  to  present  this  resolution." 

Dr.  J.  Hall  Pleasants  presented  on  behalf  of  the  Library  of 
Johns  Hopkins  University  a  copy  of  the  Baltimore  City  Direc- 
tory of  1808,  the  only  copy  known,  which  fills  the  one  gap  in  the 
Historical  Society's  set.  Dr.  Pleasants  described  the  circum- 
stances of  its  salvage  from  the  two  MdCoy  Hall  fires.  Dr. 
Pleasants  also  exhibited  to  the  Society  some  letter-books  of 
Charles  Carroll,  Barrister,  and  of  his  father,  Doctor  Carroll, 
and  also  a  book  of  original  Surveys  and  Plats  of  practically 
every  tract  of  land  in  Baltimore  and  Anne  Arundel  Counties. 


68  MARYLAND    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

The  death  of  tlie  following  members  was  reported :  Mr.  Kirk 
Brown,  James  C.  Legg,  Miss  Louisa  iSteuart  Williams  and 
Major  William  M.  Pegram. 

Judge  Dawkins  spoke  of  tlie  faithful  service  of  Major  Pegram 
in  the  Society  and  Judge  Trippe  submitted  the  following  minute 
which  was  ordered  spread  on  the  minutes  of  the  meeting  and  a 
copy  sent  to  the  family. 

Major  William  Meade  Pegram 

"  Major  William  Meade  Pegram  was  bom  in  Albemarle 
County,  Virginia,  September  19,  1836,  and  named  after  the 
Eight  Reverend  William  Meade,  a  noted  Bishop  of  Virginia. 
He  served  in  the  War  between  the  States,  in  the  Black  Horse 
Cavalry  and  rose  to  the  rank  of  Major.  Afterward  he  saw 
service  on  the  staff  of  General  J.  E.  B.  Stuart. 

"  After  the  war  Major  Pegram  settled  in  Baltimore  and  en- 
gaged in  business.  He  became  a  versatile  contributor  to  various 
magazines  and  journals  and  his  works  upon  historical  and  politi- 
cal subjects  were  graceful  in  style  and  pointed  in  wit. 

"  He  was  for  many  years  Commander  of  Franklin  Buchanan 
Camp,  United  Confederate  Veterans. 

"  He  had  been  a  member  of  the  Maryland  Historical  Society 
for  twelve  years  and  recently  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on 
Addresses  and  Literary  Entertainments.  His  attendance  was 
constant  until  the  very  night  before  the  morning  of  his  death 
on  January  12th,  1921.  He  was  a  very  familiar  figure  in  the 
life  of  Baltimore  of  which  he  was  an  intimate  part  for  55  years, 
his  spiritual  youthfulness  taking  no  note  of  the  flight  of  time 
and  his  vigor  perennial  whether  life's  program  furnished 
tragedy  or  comedy. 

"As  was  stated  editorially  by  the  Press, 

"  '  Happy  is  the  man  who  can  laugh  at  old  age  in  the  gay, 
brave  fashion  of  Major  Pegram,  who  can  retain  to  the  end  all 
the  generous  and  warm  impulses  of  his  early  manhood.  .  .  .  He 
passes  in  a  moment  from  the  continual  youth  of  this  life  to  the 


PROCEEDINGS    OF    THE    SOCIETY.  69 

perpetual  joutli  of  eternity.  .    .    .     God  rest  him  for  a  merry 
and  gallant  gentleman  who  made  a  good  fight  to  the  end.'  " 

There  being  no  further  business,  the  meeting  adjourned  so 
that  the  annual  meeting  could  be  held. 


ANNUAL   MEETIE^G 

Annual  Report  of  the  President  for  the  Council 

During  the  earlier  portion  of  the  past  year  the  activities 
of  the  Society  were  unavoidably  retarded  by  the  illness  and 
death  of  our  late  President  and  during  the  latter  part  of  the 
year  they  have  been  mainly  directed  toward  meeting  the  serious 
difficulties  in  which  the  Society  has  found  itself  by  reason  of  the 
total  insufficiency  of  its  resources  to  meet  its  current,  necessary, 
expenses. 

The  Finance  Committee  has  undertaken  the  problem  of  plac- 
ing the  (Society  upon  a  financial  foundation,  adequate  not  only 
for  its  maintenance  but  for  its  expansion.  This  constitutes  a 
heavy  task  but  it  has  been  met  by  the  Tinance  Committee  with 
earnest  endeavor  and  with  that  extended  experience  which  pe- 
culiarly qualifies  its  members  to  bring  the  undertaking  to  a 
successful  conclusion. 

There  will,  within  a  few  days,  be  delivered  to  each  member  of 
the  Society,  and  sent  to  a  large  numiber  of  other  citizens,  the 
very  beautiful  booklet  and  urgent  appeal  which  has  been  pre- 
pared by  the  Finance  Committee,  by  whose  members  it  will  be 
earnestly  followed  up.  It  is  apparent,  however,  that  the  Society 
must  not  rely  entirely  upon  this  appeal,  nor  upon  the  efforts 
of  its  Committee,  but  that  each  member  must  recognize  the 
existing  critical  situation  and  spare  no  personal  effort  toward 
its  relief. 

In  so  far  as  its  meagre  income  has  permitted,  the  ordinary  ac- 
tivities of  the  Society  have  been  maintained  during  the  past 
year.    The  number  of  visitors  has  increased  and  the  use  of  its 


70  MARYLAND    HISTOEICAX.    MAGAZINE. 

library  and  collections  hj  earnest  historical  and  genealogical 
students  lias  been  greater  tban  ever  before,  notwithstanding  the 
fact  that  for  want  of  adequate  working  force  it  has  not  been 
possible  to  keep  the  buildings  open  in  the  evenings,  when  only 
it  is  practicable  for  its  opportunities  to  be  availed  of  by  many 
earnest  students. 

The  unusually  heavy  expense  of  heating  and  janitor-service 
at  the  old  Building,  coupled  with  the  necessity  of  providing 
from  its  rent  for  interest  upon  and  gradual  extinguishment  of 
its  indebtedness,  have  prevented  the  Society  from  realizing  ap- 
preciable income  from  that  source.  As  this  debt  and  its  in- 
terest are  reduced  it  is  anticipated  that  available  revenue  will 
be  derived  from  this  rental. 

There  have  been  many  notable  additions  to  the  Library  and 
other  collections,  evidencing  the  continued  and  increasing  in- 
terest of  the  community  in  the  Society  and  the  recognition  that 
it  affords  unequaled  opportunities  for  the  preservation  of  his- 
torical matter  where  it  may  be  at  once  safe  and  available.  The 
limited  accommodations  at  the  command  of  the  Society  render 
it  necessary  that  care  be  exercised  in  the  acceptance  of  matter 
offered  it. 

On  October  11,  1920,  there  were  presented  to  the  Society, 
by  a  Committee  of  Citizens  represented  by  Governor  Golds- 
borough,  a  handsome  portrait  in  oils  of  Cardinal  Mercier 
and  a  volume  of  clippings  descriptive  of  his  visit  to  America 
and  particularly  to  Baltimore.  The  occasion  was  graced  by  the 
presence  of  the  venerable  Cardinal  Gibbons,  who  expressed 
high  appreciation  of  the  gift  and  spoke  of  the  especially  affec- 
tionate remembrance  in  which  his  visit  to  Baltimore  is  held  by 
Cardinal  Mercier. 

With  sincere  and  appreciative  recognition  and  acknowledge- 
ment of  the  loyal,  earnest  and  not  infrequently  self-sacrificing 
service  to  the  Society  of  its  Officers,  Trustees,  Committees  and 
Operating  Force,  this  report  is  respectfully  submitted. 


peoceedings  op  the  society.  yl 

Treasueee's  Kepoet 

GEiMBRAL   AiCOOUNT. 
Cash  on  hand,  January  1,  1920 $      104  25 

Receipts. 

Current  Dues,   1920 $4,158  05 

Dues  in  Arrears 170  00 

Magazine  Sales,  Subscriptions,  etc 157  42 

Investigations  and  Researches 12  20 

Diplomas   19  00 

Publicartiion   Committee 10  19 

Income  Peabody  Fund 815  00 

Income  other  than  Peabody  Fund 711  60 

Maryland  Council  of  Defence 300  00 

Incidentals    27  57 

Interest  on  Bank  Balance 10  11 

Permanent  Endowment  Fund 394  15 

Endowment    Fund 1,000  00 

1920  Bills  Payable  at  Fidelity  Trust  Co 5,500  00 

$13,285  29 


$13,389  54 
Difference  between  General  Account  and  State  Archives 3  50 


$13,393  04 


EXPENDITUBES. 

General  Expense $8,959  62 

Magazine  Account 2,164  31 

Investigation  and  Research 

Exchange  on  Porcupine  Mines  check 

Interest  on    Loans 

Library    Committee 

Securities  Purchased 


2  75 

5  50 

208  08 

529  23 

461  15 

$12,330  64 

62  40 

)20 

1,000  00 

Balance  on  hand,  December  31,  1920 

Endowment  Fund  Cash,  Balance  on  hand,  Dec.  31,  1920 

$13,393  04 
STATE  ARCHIVES   ACCOUNT. 

Balance  on  hand,  January  1,  1920 $      345  44 

Receipts. 

Receipts  in  general $    358  08 

Check   from   State 900  OO 

Interest  on  Bank  Balance 6  83 

$1,264  91 

$1,610  35 


72  MARYLAND    HISTOEICAL    MAGAZINE. 

BXPENDITtTBES. 

Printing  $1,105  55 

Miscellaneous   42  67 

$1,148  22 

Difference  between  State  Archives  and  Greneral  Account 3  50 

Balance  on  hand,  December  31,  1920 458  63 

$1,610  35 

Report  of  the  Chaieman  of  the  Athenaeum 

The  finances  of  the  old  huilding  have  been  taken  care  of  dur- 
ing the  past  year,  as  will  be  set  forth  in  the  statement  herewith. 
As  no  new  construction  had  to  be  looked  after  the  problem  has 
been  somewhat  more  simple  than  before. 

For  the  past  three  months  the  Commissioner  of  Motor  Ve- 
hicles has  attended  to  the  janitor  service  at  a  fixed  charge  of 
$150.00  per  month,  for  the  winter  season,  which  will  be  reduced 
when  the  fire  is  dispensed  with.  There  has  been  some  complaint 
as  to  heat,  but  investigation  proved  that  the  fault  was  in  the 
fireman  rather  than  in  the  steam  plant. 

Some  necessary  repairs  were  made,  among  them  the  resetting 
of  a  number  of  panes  <oi  glass  which  were  falling  out  of  the  old 
sashes  for  lack  of  putty.  During  the  coming  year  it  will  be 
absolutely  necessary  to  paint  the  tin  roof  for  protection,  and 
to  save  a  much  greater  cost  for  repair  or  renewal.  The  outside 
woodwork  is  badly  in  need  of  paint  for  the  same  reason.  Owing 
to  the  increased  cost  of  coal  and  of  labor  it  was  impossible  to 
spare  any  money  for  these  needed  repairs  or  for  payment  to  the 
Society,  as  had  been  expected.  The  report  of  receipts  and  ex- 
penditures shows  that  the  rent  of  $8,000.00  per  year,  while  it 
may  seem  large,  is  totally  inadequate,  in  view  of  the  cost  of 
maintenance,  and  does  little  more  than  meet  necessary  expenses. 
The  interest  on  mortgage  will  be  reduced  a  little  each  year,  as 
the  $1,500.00  is  paid  toward  the  principal  sum. 

The  State  has  never  appropriated  one  dollar  to  the  Society, 
nor  has  the  City,  while  together  they  collected  taxes  on  this 
building  last  year,  the  sum  of  $2,059.42.  A  vigorous  effort 
should  be  made  before  the  meeting  of  the  next  Legislature,  for 


PEOCEEDINGS    OF    THE    SOCIETY.  Y3 

the  granting  of  an  annual  appropriation  to  this  Society  in  con- 
sideration of  the  valuahle  work  it  has  done  and  is  still  doing. 

I  cannot  hut  believe  that  if  this  matter  is  properly  presented 
and  pressed,  that  it  will  be  successful. 

Receipts. 

Cash  on  hand,  February  1,  1920 $    723  92 

Kent    8,000  00 

$8,723  92 
Expenditures. 

Insurance    $    136  80 

Coal    792  79 

Janitor  Service   1,799  24 

Repairs   235  95 

Sundries    51  02 

Ashes   75  00 

Water  Rent    52  00 

State  tax 219  14 

Paving  tax   11  85 

City  tax   1,828  43 

Interest   943  75 

Account  Mortgage 1,500  00 

$7,645  97 

Cash  on  hand,  February  1,  1921 1,077  95 

$8,723  92 

LiBEAET   Committee 

The  Library  Committee  begs  to  report  the  following  addi- 
tions to  the  Library  during  the  year  1920 : 

By  donations,  109  volumes,  35  pamphlets  and  85  volumes  of  bound 
newspapers;  by  exchange,  16  volumes  and  2  pamphlets;  by  purchase.  275 
volumes 

As  many  of  the  accessions  to  the  collection  are  of  unusual 
interest  and  value,  a  few  of  the  more  important  titles  are  here 
set  out. 

Otho  Holland  Williams  Papers.  From  the  estate  of  Miss 
Susan  Williams.  This  collection  consists  of  approximately 
2,000  manuscripts,  among  them  being  holographic  letters  of 
George  Washington,  Greneral  ^N'athaniel  Greene,  Baron  Steuben, 


74  MARYLAND    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

Thaddeus  Kosciuszko,  Baron  de  Ealb,  iColonel  Ramsey  and  a 
host  of  other  Revolutionary  officers;  original  papers  dealing 
with  the  formation  of  the  Society  of  the  Cincinnati;  personal 
correspondence  with  Eli  Williams  and  other  members  of  the 
Williams  family.  Altogether  one  of  the  most  valuable  collec- 
tions that  has  ever  come  into  the  possession  of  the  Society. 

Theoderick  Bland  Papers.  From  Mrs.  Laurence  Balliere 
and  Mr.  Thomas  H.  Gaither,  Jr.  Legal  papers,  articles  con- 
tributed to  Niles  Weehly  and  other  periodicals ;  treatise  on  con- 
stitutional law. 

Four  original  pay  rolls  and  autograph  letter  of  Capt.  J.  L. 
Clarke  from  Mrs.  R.  Curzon  Hoffman. 

'Colonial  Church  Silver  of  Maryland.  Original  photographs 
(mounted)  of  Maryland  Church  Plate,  collected  as  illustrations 
for  Jones'  "  The  Old  Silver  of  American  Churches."  From  the 
Maryland  Society,  Colonial  Dames  of  America. 

Delphian  Club  Records  and  papers.  Five  Mss.  volumes  and 
many  transcripts  of  the  records  of  this  celebrated  club.  From 
the  estate  of  Mrs.  Mary  W.  Jordan. 

Letter  books  of  Welch  and  Alexander,  1835,  1837-40:  six  ac- 
count books,  1789-1842;  box  of  letters  and  other  manuscripts 
(uncalendared),  lithographic  stone  portrait  of  John  Henry 
Alexander ;  the  original  "  Alexander  Map  of  Maryland  "  in 
special  case,  and  other  articles  and  curios  of  the  Cabinet.  From 
Mrs.  Waterworth. 

Purchases : 

Five  Early  Maryland  Almanacs. 
American  Ready  Reckoner,  Baltimore,  1806. 
Banneker's  Almanac  for  1792,  Baltimore,  1791. 
Bartgis,  Complete  pocket  Farrier,  Fredericktown,   (c.  1815). 
Bartgis,  Every  Man  his  Own  Lawyer,  Fredericktown,  1819. 
Bunyan,  Das  Heilige  Krieg,  Baltimore,  Samuel  Saur,  1795. 
Chisholm,  Military  Surgery  for  use   in  Confederate  Army,   Columbia, 
1864. 
Gilmor,  William,  The  Pains  of  Memory,  N.  Y.,  1807.    Possibly  unique. 
Hymns  and  spiritual  songs,  Baltimore,  Warner  and  Hanna,  1813. 
Knox,  Samuel,  System  of  Rhetoric,  Baltimore,  1809. 
Maryland  Pocket  Annuals,  1840,  1842,  1846. 


PEOCEEDIN-GS    OF    THE    SOCIETY.  75 

Maury,  James,  To  Christians  of  every  denomination,  Annapolis,  Anne 
Catharine  Green,  1771.    No  other  copy  known. 

Neuer  Erfahrerner  Amerikanischer,  Frederick,  Bartgis,  1819. 

Book  of  Common  Prayer,  Frederick,  Bartgis,  1819. 

Roberts,  National  Primer,  Baltimore,   1822. 

Simmons,  Map  of  Baltimore,  1853. 

Eyton,  John,  Sermon  on  the  Mount,  Baltimore,  1808. 

Volck,  Life  and  adventure  of  Bombastes  Furioso  Buncombe  (Baltimore, 
c.  1865).    Rare. 

Washington,  George,  Farewell  Address,  Baltimore,  1810. 

(Wilson,  James,  Narrative  of  the  remarkable  escape  and  unparalleled 
suffering  of  Capt.  Wilson,  Frederick,   1814. 

35  early  Maryland  and  Baltimore  Almanacs. 

9  Mss.  vols..  Records  of  Union  Club  and  Union  Hospital. 

Expenditures  on  the  part  of  your  committee  have  been: 

iFor  subscriptions  to  three  periodicals 19  23 

Typewriter    107  50 

'Books  and  pamphlets  purchased 163  80 

Binding  24  volumes 49  00 

Purchase  of  9  volumes  of  Mss 28  50 

Library  of  Congress  printed  cards 96  09 

Three   newspapers 25  11 

Inheritance  tax  on  Manuscripts 50  00 

$529  23 

The  Committee  desires  especially  to  express  its  great  appre- 
ciation of  the  valuable  cataloging  work  done  by  Miss  Carolina 
V.  Davison. 

Finance  Committee  Keport 

It  is  a  pleasure  to  report  that  your  Committee  on  Finance 
has  about  completed  the  work  allotted  it  in  the  matter  of  asking 
contributions  to  an  endowment  fund  of  $300,000.00  or  straight 
contributions  if  the  donor  so  desires  it. 

An  appeal  in  the  nature  of  a  "  Booklet "  descriptive  of  the 
scope  of  the  work  of  the  Society  will,  on  or  about  the  date  of  our 
Annual  Meeting,  be  placed  in  the  hands  of  those  men  and  women 
in  Maryland  whom  we  think  will  be  interested  in  the  welfare 
and  purposes  of  the  Society. 

It  is  to  be  hoped  that  the  appeal  of  your  Committee  will  meet 
with  liberal  response  and  that  during  the  coming  year  we  shall 


Y6  MAETLAND    HISTOEICAL    MAGAZINE. 

reach  the  goal  desired,  thougli  one  must  confess  that  the  task 
assigned  us  is  not  easy  of  accomplishment. 

Eepoet  of  the  Committee  on  Publication 

The  Committee  on  Publication  respectfully  reports  that  dur- 
ing the  year  1920  four  numbers  of  the  Maryland  Historical 
Magazine  have  appeared  under  the  skilful  editorship  of  Mr. 
Louis  H.  Dielman.  The  articles  contained  in  the  numbers 
have  covered  various  periods  in  the  history  of  the  State  and 
Province  and  have  furnished  valuable  information  to  all  stu- 
dents of  our  history.  The  magazine  is  also  of  value  inasmuch 
as  it  keeps  the  members  of  the  Society  informed  as  to  our 
activities. 

^o  volume  has  appeared  in  the  series  of  the  Archives  of 
Maryland  during  the  year.  The  appropriation  was  increased 
by  the  Governor  from  two  thousand  dollars  ($2,000.00)  to  three 
thousand  dollars  ($3,000.00)  a  year.  This  amount  will  hardly 
be  sufficient  to  enable  us  to  issue  a  volume  every  year  but  we 
shall  be  glad  to  distribute  one  during  1921.  In  this  volume, 
no.  40  of  the  series,  we  expect  to  continue  the  Proceedings  and 
Acts  of  the  General  Assembly  of  the  Province  of  Maryland 
from  1Y3Y  to  1T40. 

We  respectfully  propose  the  adoption  of  the  following  resolu- 
tion: Besolved,  That  the  Magazine  Account  be  credited  with 
the  sum  of  $166.25  for  the  cost  of  printing  the  annual  report  of 
the  Society  and  the  list  of  members,  and  that  the  amount  be 
charged  to  General  Expenses ;  and  that  it  be  also  credited,  in 
accordance  with  the  terms  of  the  deed  of  gift  of  the  late  Mr. 
George  Peabody,  and  of  the  resolution  of  the  Society  adopted 
January  3,  1867,  with  the  sum  of  $407.50,  being  one-half  of 
the  income  for  the  current  year  from  the  investments  of  the 
Pealbody  Fund ;  and  that  the  Magazine  Account  be  then  closed 
by  appropriate  entries  in  the  usual  manner. 

The  receipts  and  disbursements  on  Magazine  Account,  as 
exhibited  to  this  Committee  by  the  Treasurer  of  the  Society, 
were  as  follows: 


PROCEEDINGS    OF    THE    SOCIETY.  77 

EXPENDITUEES. 

Vol.  XIV:   iCost  of  printing  No.  4    (December  No.,   1919,  in- 
cluding   index)      $    442  50 

Vol.  XV:  Cost  of  printing  No.  1   (March,  1920) 559  75 

"     "           "        No.  2   (June,  1920) 462  05 

"     "           "        No.  3   (Sept.,  1920) 465  70 

"     "           "       No.  4    (Dec,  1920) 51150 

$2,481  50 

Cost  of  Editing $150  00 

"       "     Copying    45  00 

"       "     postage  and  distribution 47  32 

242  32 

$2,723  82 
Receipts, 

Vol.   XV:      Prom  sales $  95  42 

"       subscriptions    62  00 

157  42 


Debit  balance   $2,566  40 

Against  wTiich  is  to  be  credited  cost  of  printing  Annual  Report 
and  list  of  members  in  March  issues,  35  pages  at  $4.75 
per  page   166  25 

$2,400  15 
And  one-half  the  income  from  the  Peabody  Fund 407  50 

Leaving  the  sum  of $1,992  65 

(To  be  charged  off  in  order  to  close  this  account  as  of  Dec.  31,  1920.) 

The  expenditure  of  the  animal  appropriation  for  the  publica- 
tion of  the  Archives,  in  accordance  with  the  Law  passed  at  the 
January  Session  of  the  General  Assembly  in  1920,  was  as  fol- 
lows: 

Receipts. 

Balance  on  hand,  December  31,  1919 $    345  44 

Received  from  State  appropriations  in  1920 900  00 

"  "    Interest  on  balance  in  bank 6  83 

"  "    iSales  of  Archives,  etc 358  08 

$1,610  35 

Expenditures. 

Paid  for  printing  Volume  39 $1,105  55 

"       "     copying    manuscripts 3  50 

''      "     sundries,    stationery,    etc 42  67 

$1,151  72 

Balance  on  hand,  December  31,  1920 ^^^  ^^ 

$1,610  35 


*18  MABYLAND   HISTOEICAL    MAGAZINE. 


Report  of  the  Committee  on  Membeeship 

The  By-Laws  require  that  tlie  annual  report  of  the  Council 
shall  contain  a  statement  of  the  membership  of  the  Society  and 
it  need  not  be  repeated  here.  But  it  is  gratifying  to  note  that  the 
membership  is  now  larger  than  at  any  time  in  the  Society's 
existence.  Only  in  the  Corresponding  Members  there  is  a  de- 
crease of  two,  which  is  not  to  be  regarded  as  a  lass,  as  this  class  of 
free  membership  was  provided  for  at  a  time  when  only  residents 
of  Baltimore  were  eligible  to  be  active  members  and  since  that 
restriction  has  been  removed  the  Society  has  seen  no  reason  to 
continue  to  elect  such  non-contributing  members ;  this  Commit- 
tee may  be  permitted  to  suggest  to  those  who  are  still  on  the  list 
to  such  as  are  residents  of  Maryland  at  least  that  they  change 
their  status  toi  Life,  Active  or  Associate  Membership. 

It  is  hoped  that  the  present  members  of  the  Society  will 
continue  to  make  nominations  for  election — the  only  Constitu- 
tional way  of  adding  to  the  membership  or  even  preventing  a 
loss  by  deaths  and  other  causes. 

Repoet  of  Committee  on"  Genealogy  and  Heealdey 

The  Committee  met  on  January  29,  1920,  and  appointed  Dr. 
B.  Bernard  Browne  toi  represent  the  Committee  in  the  Council. 
The  following  Church  Records  have  been  copied  and  indexed : 

(IVrethodist  Burial  Ground — indexed. 

'Volume  IX,  M.  E.  Church,  First  Church — indexed. 

Faith  Presbyterian  Church  Graveyard — copied. 

Old  Light  Street  Burying  Ground — copied;  cards  indexed. 

Roman  Catholic  Cathedral — copied  index  cards. 

Harford  County  Methodisit  Circuit — copied. 

Chester  Parish,  Kent  County,  Maryland — indexed. 

St.  Peter's  P.  E.  Church,  Baltimore — indexed. 

Several  meetings  were  held  during  the  year  and  many  manu- 
scripts and  works  on  Genealogy  and  Heraldry  were  presented 
to  the  Library. 


peoceedings  of  the  society.  79 

Eepoet  of  the  Committee  on  Addeesses  and  Liteeaey 

Enteetainments 

Tour  Committee  on  addresses  report  and  append  a  list  of 
papers  read  before  the  Society  at  its  monthly  meetings : 

January  8 — "Chapters  from  a  History  of  Printing  in  Colonial  Maryland." 

By  Lawrence  C.  Wroth. 
March  8 — "Radicalism  and  its  Cure."     By  Raymond  E.  Kennedy. 
April    12 — Memorial   Minutes   upon   the   death   of   the   Honorable   Edwin 

Warfield,  President  of  the  Society. 
May  10 — "Thomas  Bacon  and  his  Laws  of  Maryland."     By  Lawrence  C. 

Wroth. 
October  11 — "Some  Notes  on  William  Goddard,  Journalist  and  Printer,  of 

Rhode   Island,   Pennsylvania  and  Maryland."     By  Lawrence 

C.  Wroth. 
November  8 — "  Biographical  Sketches" : 

1— ^Colonel  Thomas  Smith,  1648-1719. 

2— Thomas  Smyth,   1710-1741. 

3— Hon.  Thomas  Smyth,  1729-1741. 

4— Major  Thomas  Smyth,  1757-1806. 

By  Dr.  B.  Bernard  Browne. 
December  13 — "The  History  of  Chancellor's  Point."     By  Dr.  James  W. 

Thomas. 

The  annual  election  of  officers  was  duly  held,  whereupon  the 
tellers  declared  that  except  in  the  case  of  the  Trustees  of  the 
Athenaeum,  the  entire  ticket  as  printed  on  page  65,  was  elected. 
Seven  names  having  been  put  in  nomination  for  the  Trustees  of 
the  Athenaeum,  the  following  were  declared  elected: 

Clinton  L.  Kiggs,  Chairman, 
William  H,  Geeenway,        William  C.  Page, 
William  M.  Hayden,  Edwaed  Stablee,  Je., 

H.  Olivee  Thompson. 

The  annual  meeting  then  adjourned. 


80  MAEYLAND    HISTOKICAL    MAGAZINE. 


THE  CORRESPONDENCE  OF  ANDREW  JACKSON 


The  Department  of  Historical  Research  in  the  Carnegie 
Institution  of  Washington  is  collecting  the  material  for  an 
edition,  in  several  volumes,  of  the  Correspondence  of  Andrew 
Jackson,  to  be  edited  by  Professor  John  S.  Bassett  of  Smith 
College,  Jackson's  biographer.  All  persons  who  possess  letters 
of  General  Jackson  or  important  letters  to  him,  or  who  know 
where  there  are  collections  of  his  correspondence,  or  even  single 
letters,  would  confer  a  favor  by  writing  to  Dr.  J.  F.  Jameson, 
director  of  the  department  named,  1140  Woodward  Building, 
Washington,  D.  C. 


LIST    OF    MEMBEES.  81 


LIST  OF  MEMBERS  OF 
THE  MARYLAND  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY 


*  Died,  1920  t  Resigned,  1920 


HONORARY  MEMBERS 

Bbtce,  James,  LL.  D.   (1882) London,  England. 

Mabden,  R.  G.   (1902) 13  Leinster  Qardens,  London,  "Eng. 

LIFE  MEMBERS. 

BEIDGES,  MBS.  PBisciLLA  B.  ( 1910)  ...\  ^are  Dr.  J.  R-  Bridges, 

\      630  College  St.,  Charlotte,  N.  C. 
Calvebt,  Chables  Exley  (1911) 34  Huntly  St.,  Toronto,  Canada. 

„  ^r       m  o  /im^\       (  Care  of  Mrs.  D.  E.  WaterS; 

Hills,  Mes.  William  Smith  (1914) ..  )         ^       ,^     .,     ,t-  i. 

(  Grand  Rapids,  Mich. 

Howard,  Miss  Elizabeth  Geay  (1916)  .  .901  St.  Paul  Street. 

Maebueg,  Miss  Emma    (1917) 19  W.  29th  Street. 

Nicholson,  Isaac  F.   (1884) Albion  Hotel. 

NoKBis,  ISAiAC  T.  ( 1884) 1224  Madison  Ave. 

Shobt,  Capt.  John  Satjlsbuey  (1919)    38  E.  25th  Street. 

Zwinge,  Joseph,  S.  J.  (1916) Loyola  College. 

Williams,  Miss  Nellie  C.    (1917) 214  Riverside  Drive,  N.  Y.  City. 

CORRESPONDING  MEMBERS 

Aldeeman,  E.  a.,  LL.  D.   (1893) University  of  Va.,  University,  Va. 

Battle,  K.  P.,  LL.  D.  ( 1893) Chapel  Hill,  N.  C, 

Bell,  Hebbeet  C.    ( 1899 ) R.  D.  Route,  No.  4,  Springfield,  O. 

_  .^       ^     ,ir>nT\  (  King's  Highway  and  Lindell  Ave., 

BrxBY,  Wm.  K.    (1907) j         *'  "        -^  „,     ,      .     ., 

^  }  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

Black,  J.  William,  Ph.D.    (1898) 56  Pleasant  St.,  Waterville,  Me. 

Bbock.  R.  a.  ( 1875 )  .  - 257   21st   St.,   Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Bbooks,  William  Geay  (1895) 257  S.  21st  St.,  Phila.,  Pa. 

Beown,  Heney  John   ( 1908 ) 4  Trafalgar  Sq.,  London,  W.  C,  Eng, 

Beuce,  Philip  A.    (1894) Norfolk,  Va. 

Buel,  Clabence  C.    ( 1887 ) 134  E.  67th  St.,  New  York. 

CocKEY,  Mabston  Rogees   (1897) 117  Liberty  St.,  New  York. 

De  Witt,  Feancis    ( 1857 ) Ware,  Mass. 

Eable,  Geobge   ( 1892 ) Washington  Ave.,  Laurel,  Md. 

Ehbenbebg,  Richaed  (1895) Rostock,  Prussia. 

Fobd,  Wobthington  C.    (1890) 1154  Boylston  St.,  Boston,  Mass. 

Gaedinee,  Asa  Bied,  LL.  D.,  L.H.  D.   )  Union  Club,  New  York. 

(1890)     ) 

Hall,  Hubeet    ( 1904) Public  Record  OflSce,  Lonflon. 

6 


82  MAEYLAND    HISTOKICAX,    MAGAZINE. 

Harden,  William   ( 1891 ) 226  W.  President  St.,  Savan'h,  Ga. 

*Habt,  Chaiiles  Henry  ( 1878) 472  West  End  Ave.,  New  York. 

Hehsh,  Gbier   ( 1897 ) York,  Pa. 

T                  ,^            X               /^nrtn^  (  New  HaveH  Court,  Cromer,  Norfolk, 

Lampson,  Oliver  Locker   (1908) -j  ».  ^    ^k,      ,  Eneland. 

MuNROE,  James  M.   ( 1885 ) Savings  Bank  Bldg.,  Annapolis,  Md. 

Nicholson,  John  P.    ( 1881 ) Flanders  Bldg,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Owen,  Thomas  M.    ( 1899 ) Montgomery,  Ala. 

Riley,  E.  S.   { 1875 ) i  234  Prince  George  St.,  Annapolis 

(  Md. 

Snowden,  Yates   ( 1881 ) University  of  S.  C,  Columbia,  S.  C. 

Stevenson,  John  J.    ( 1890) 215  West  End  Ave.,  Nevr  York. 

Tyler,  Lyon  G.,  LL.  D.   ( 1886) Williamsburg,   Va. 

Weeks,  Stephen  B.   (1893) Bureau  of  Education,  Wash.,  D.  C. 

Winslow,Wm.  Copley,    Ph.  D.,   D.  D.,  » 

LL.  D.   ( 1894) i  ^2^  Beacon  St.,  Boston,  Mass. 

Wood,  Henry  C.    ( 1902 ) Harrodsburg,  Ky. 

ASSOCIATE  MEMBERS. 

Andrews,  Charles  Lee  (1911) 42   Broadway,  New  York. 

ASHBURNER,  THOMAS    (1917) I^^'^^  ^^^'''''^  ^  ^"'^•'^  ^'*-' 

I  Chicago,  111. 

Baltzell,  Henry  E.   (1914) Wyncote,  Montgomery  Co.,  Pa. 

Baltzell,  Wm.  Hewson   ( 1915) Wellesley,  Mass. 

Barrett,  Noeris  S.  ( 1920) 260  City  Hall,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Bell,    Alex.    H.    ( 1916 ) 313  John  Marshall  PI.,  Wash.,  D.  C. 

Bennett,  Clarence  (1920) j  ^^^  California  St.,  San  Francisco, 

{  Cal. 

Benson,  Harry  L.  (1910) 70  N.  18th  St.,  East  Orange,  N.  J. 

Blunt,  Mrs.  J.  Y.  Mason    (1919) "The  Toronto,"  Wash.,  D.  C. 

fBoDDiE,  John  Thomas    (1918) 8  S.  Dearborn  St.,  Chicago,  HL 

Bond,  Beverly  W.,  Jr.   ( 1909 ) University  of  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 

BouRQEOiSE,  Mrs.  A.  Calvert   (1911)  ]*1^^  Westminster  Place, 

^  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

BotJviEB,  Mrs.  Henrietta  J.    (1919)     201  W.  57th  St.,  New  York. 

Brumbaugh,  Gaius  Marcus,  M.  D.      )  ook  ^^T         a        xt  ttt    ttt    u    -r.  n 
'                               '  \  905  Mass.  Ave.,  N.  W.,  Wash.,  D.  C 

(1915) \  ' 

Buchanan,  Brig.  Gen.  J.  A.  (1909) 2210  Massachusetts  Av.,  Wash.,D.C. 

Bullitt,  William  Marshall   (1914)  J  ^^OO  Lincoln  Bank  Bldg., 

<  Louisville,  Ky. 

Callahan,  Griffin  C.    ( 1902) 1012  S.  60th  St.,  Phila.,  Pa. 

Carpenter,  Mrs.  H.  R.   (1920) 5631  Pershing  Ave.,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

Covington,  Prof.  Harry  F.   (1914) Princeton,  N.  J. 

Davies,  G.  C.  ( 1917 ) Wauseon,  Ohio. 

Dent,  Louis  A.    (1905) 2827  15th  St.,  Washington,  D.  C. 

*Devitt,  Rev.  Edw.  I.,  S.J.  (1906) Georgetown  College,  Wash'n,  D.  C. 

Duval,    Henry    Reeman     (1916) 32    Nassau    St.,    New    York. 


LIST    OF    MEMBERS.  83 

Eaton,  G.  G.  ( 1894) 416  N.  J.  Ave.,  S.  E.,  Wash.,  D.  C. 

FiTZHUQH,  E.  H.    ( 1908 ) Neptune  Park,  New  London,  Conn. 

Floweb,  John  Sebastian    (1909) 611  18th  St.,  Denver,  Colorado. 

FoY,  Miss  Maby  E.  ( 1913 ) ^  ^°^  ^22,  R.  D.  No.  1,  Los  Angeles, 

'  CaL 

Gates,  Mes.  Florence  J.  (1920) 236  S.  River  St.,  Wilkes  Barre,  Pa. 

GiTFOBD,  W.  L.  R.    (1906) St.  Louis  Merc.  Lib.  Assoc,  Mo. 

GoBBiQHT,  Mbs.  Fbancis  M.   (1917) 306  N.  3rd  St.,  Steubenville,  Ohio. 

GoBDON,  Mbs.  Bubgess  Lee   (1916) 306  N.  3rd  St.,  Steubenville,  Ohio. 

GuiLDAY,  Rev.  Peteb,  Ph.D.    (1915)  ..  .Catholic  University,  Wash.,  D.  C. 

Habpeb,  Benjamin  Ogle  ( 1920) Crane  Parris  &  Co.,Washington,D.C. 

Habbison,  Wm.  Pbeston   (1906) 1021  Laurence  St.,  Chicago,  111. 

Heney,  Mes.  Effie  L.  (1917) 3019  N  St.,  N.  W.,  Washington,  D.  C. 

HoBSON,  Mes.  Effie  Sargent  (1920)  . . .  1505  Main  St.,  Ventura,  Cal. 

Hoffman,  Isamuel   V.    ( 1910) 258  Broadway,  New  York. 

Hopkins,  Samuel  Govee  (1911) 923  Chestnut  St.,  Phila.,  Pa. 

Jackson,  Mrs.  Lewis  ( 1920) 3327  O  St.,  N.  W.,  Washington,  D.C. 

Janin,  Mrs.  Violet  Blaib    (1916)  ....  12  Jackson  Place,  Washington,  D.  C. 

Johnson,  B.  F.    ( 1916) 926  Penna.  Ave.,  N.  W.,  Wash.,  D.  C. 

Johnson,  Fbedeeick  T.  F.  (1915) McGill  Building,  Washington,  D.  C. 

Lake,  Richard  P.   ( 1900) Bank  of  Commerce,  Memphis,  Tenn. 

Latimer,  James  B.  ( 1920) 547  W.  Jackson  Boulevard,  Chicago. 

Leach,  Miss  May  Atheeton  (1907)  . .  .  .2118  Spruce  St.,  Phila.,  Pa. 

LiBBY,  ]\Irs.  George  F.  (1919) 219  Majestic  Bldg.,  Denver,  Colo. 

Little,  Rev.  Francis  K.    (1916) Rhinebeck,  N.  Y. 

Littlejohn,  Mrs.  Malcolm    (1916)  ...Flushing,  L.  I.,  N.  Y. 

McFadden,  Chas.    ( 1906) 6401  Overbrook  Ave.,  Pa. 

tMoPHERSON,  Mes.  Robert  W.  (1916)  . .  1240,  19th  St.,  N.  W.,  Wash.,  D.  C. 
Martin,  Mbs.  Edwin  S.  ( 1905) New  Straitsville,  Ohio. 

Morrison,  Mrs.  Alice  S.  (1920) \  ^^^^  ^^^^^"^  ^t.,  N.  W.,  Washing- 

}      ton,  D.  C. 

Moese,  Willard  S.   ( 1908) Seaford,  Del. 

Moss,  Jesse  L.  ( 1906) Newberry  Library,  Chicago,  111. 

Newling,  C.  G.  ( 1918 ) 593  Riverside  Drive,  New  York. 

NiCKLiN,  John  Bailey  Calvert  (1920)  .516  Poplar  St.,  Chattanooga,  Tenn, 
NoBBis,  Octavius  J.   ( 1916) The  Sherwood. 

r.         r^  AT       TIT   -r.    /inio\       (Care  H.  L.  Henderson,  1420  Chest- 

Owen-Chahoon,  Mbs.  M.  D.  (1913)..  j  „      ^,  .,      „ 

(      nut  St.,  Phila.,  Pa. 

Phillips,  Mrs.  A.  Latimer  ( 1910) Shepherdstown,  W.  Va. 

PiEBCE,  Mrs.  Winslow  S.   (1915) "Dunstable,"  Bayville,  Long  Island. 

Raynee,  William  B.    (1914) 2641  Connecticut  Ave.,  Wash.,  D.  C. 

(  George  Washington  Inn.,  Washing- 
RoGEES,  Lt.-iCol.  Aethur  (1920) •]      ^       -q  C 

Rogers,  James  S.   (1910) Adamstown,  Md. 

Scott,  Miss  Coeinne  Lee  (1918) 52  E.  54th  St.,  New  York  City. 

Sellman,  John  Heney    (1917) 38   Beechcroft  Rd.,  Newton,  Mass. 

Seepell,   Miss    Alethea    ( 1919) 902  Westover  Ave.,  Norfolk,  Va. 


84  MARYLAND    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

Sheib,  S.  H.    (1907) Semora,  N.  C. 

Spencer,  John  Thompson  (1907) 1507  Spruce  St.,  Pliila.,  Pa. 

Stevenson,   Geo,   Urie    (1915) 50  W.  49th  St.,  New  York  City. 

Stewart,  Foster   ( 1917) 4726  W.  17th  St.,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

Taylor,  JNIrs.  Harry  L.  (1920) "  The  Wyoming,"  Washington,  D.  C. 

Thruston,  R.  C.  Ballard  (1917) Columbia  Building,  Louisville,  Ky. 

Trlppe,  Philip  Francis   (1919) P.  O.  Box  661,  Youngstown,  Ohio. 

Watson,  Mrs.  Alexander  Mackenzie  r  House  83,  U.  S.  Naval  Academy, 

( 1920)    I  Annapolis,  Md. 

*WiLLiAMS,    Miss   Louisa   Stewart    (  Care    Winslow    Pierce,  Bayville,  L. 

(1916)     (      L,  N.  Y. 

Wilson,  Samuel  M.    ( 1907 ) Trust  Co.  Building,  Lexington,  Ky. 

ACTIVE  MEMBERS 

Where  no  P.  0.  Address  is  given,  Baltimore  is  understood. 

Abercrombie,  Dr.  Ronald  T.    (1916)  .  .18  W.  Franklin  St. 

Agnus,  Felix   ( 1883 ) American  Office. 

Ames,  Joseph  S.   ( 1910) Charleote  Place,  Guilford. 

Andrews,  C.  McLean,  Ph.D.  (1907) ..  .Yale  Univ.,  New  Haven,  Conn. 

Andrews,  Matthew  Page  ( 1911 ) 849  Park  Ave. 

Appold,  Lemuel  T.   ( 1902 ) Care  of  Colonial  Trust  Co. 

Armistead,  George  ( 1907 ) 1025  Cathedral  St. 

Atkinson,   Alfred    ( 1917 ) 106  South  St. 

Atkinson,  Robert  A.   (1914) 221  N.  Liberty  St. 

Atwood,  William  O.    ( 1917) 2809  St.  Paul  St. 

Baer,  John  P.   ( 1920) 16  Midvale  Road,  Roland  Park. 

Baer,  Michael  S.   ( 1920) Maryland  Casualty  Tower. 

Baer,  William  S.,  M.  D.    (1919) 4  E.  Madison  St. 

tBAGBY,  George  P.    ( 1916) 716  Continental  Bldg. 

Baily,  G.  Frank  ( 1908 ) 1025  St.  Paul  St. 

Baker,  J.  Henry  ( 1910) 225  Law  Bldg. 

Baker,   William  G.,  Jr.    (1916) Care  of  Baker,  Watts  &  Co. 

Baldwin,  Charles  Gambrill  (1920) . . .  Tuscany  Apartments. 

Baldvfin,   Chas.   W.,   D.  D.    (1919) 226  W.  Lafayette  Ave. 

Baldwin,  Mrs.  Fanny  Langden  (1920)  .  Tuscany  Apartments. 

Baldwin,  Summerfield   (1899) 1006  N.  Charles  St. 

Ball,  Sara  Janet    ( 1918) De  Vere  PI.,  Ellicott  City,  Md. 

Barclay,  Mrs.  D.  H.    ( 1906) 14  E.  Franklin  St. 

Barrett,  Henry  C.    ( 1902) "The  Severn." 

Babboll,  Hope  H.   ( 1902) Chestertown,   Md. 

Barroll,  L.  Wethered  ( 1910) 609  Keyser  Bldg. 

Barroll,  Morris  Keene  (1917) Chestertown,  Md. 

Barry,  Samuel  H.,  ( 1916) 715   Greenmoimt  Ave. 

Babtlett,  J.  Kemp   (1900) 210O  Mt.  Royal  Ave. 

Barton,  Randolph   (1882) 207  N.  Calvert  St. 


LIST    OF    MEMBEES.  85 

Baeton,  Kandolph,  Jb.   (1915) 207  N.  Calvert  St. 

fBASSETT,  Mrs.  Chas.  Wesley   (1909). 2947  St.  Paul  St. 

Bayabd,  Eichaed  H.  (1914) 707     Gaither  Estate  Bldg. 

Beacham,  Mks.  Harbison  T.   (1919)  . .  .313  Woodlawn  Ed.,  Rd.  Pk. 

Beacham,  Robert  J.    ( 1914) Merchants  and  Mfgrs.  Assn. 

Bealmeab,    Hebman     (1916) 1610  W.  Lanvale  St. 

Beatson,   J.   Hebbebt    (1914) Fidelity  Trust  Co. 

Beatty,  Mrs.  Philip  Asfobdby   (1910)  .229  E.  North  Ave. 

Beck,  Howaed  C.    ( 1918) 4001   Bateman  Ave. 

Beechee,  Wm.   Goedon    (1919) 409  Calvert  Bldg. 

Behbens,  Miss  Katheyn  L.  (1920)  ....  3703  Piedmont  Ave. 

Bell,  Edmund  Hayes  ( 1920) Easton,  Md. 

Benjamin,  Roland   (1915) Fidelity  and  Trust  Co.  of  Md. 

Benson,  Cabville  D.   (1913) 1301    Fidelity   Building. 

Benson,  Chas.  Hodges  ( 1915) 515  N.  Carrollton  Ave. 

Berkley,  Heney  J.,  M.  D.   ( 1900) 1305  Park  Ave, 

Bebey,  Miss  Cheistiana  D.  (1907) 322  Hawthorne  Road,  Roland  Park. 

Bevan,  H.  Cbomwell  (1902) 10  E.  Lexington  St. 

BiBBiNS,  Aethub  Babneveld    (1910)  ..  .2600  Maryland  Ave. 

Bibbins,  Mrs.  A.  B.   (1906) 2600  Maryland  Ave. 

tBiCKNELL,  REV.  Jesse  R.   (1910) 1325  Linden  Ave. 

BiixsTEiN,  Nathan    ( 1898) The  Lord  Balto.  Press. 

BiECKHEAD,  p.  Macaulay   (1884) Chamber  of  Commerce. 

Bishop,  William  R.    (1916) 5  E.  27th  St. 

Bixleb,  De.  W.  H.  H.  (1916) 19th  &  Fairmount  Ave.,  Phila.,  Pa. 

Black,  H.  Ceawfoed    (1902) 1113-17  Fidelity  Bldg. 

Black,  Haery  C,  Jr.   ( 1920) Fidelity  Building. 

Black,  Van  Leab  (1902) 1113-17  Fidelity  Bldg. 

Blackfoed,  Eugene    ( 1916) 200-4  Chamber  of  Commerce. 

Blaib,   Mes.   Joseph    (1919) 611   C,  Sparrows  Point. 

Blake,  Geobge  A.   ( 1893 ) 301  Law  Bldg. 

Bland,  J.  R.   (1902) U.  S.  Fidelity  &  Guaranty  Co. 

BoNAPAETE,  Chas.  J.,  LL.  D.  (1883) 601  Park  Ave. 

Bond,  Caekoll  T.   ( 1916) 1125  N.  Calvert  St. 

Bond,   ]\Iiss   Cheistiana    (1919) 1402  Bolton  St. 

Bond,  Duke    ( 1919 ) University  Club. 

Bond,  G.  Moeeis   ( 1907 ) Ruxton,  Md. 

Bond,  Miss  Isabella  M.    (1918) 1402  Bolton  St. 

Bond,  James  A.  C.   ( 1902 ) Westminster,  Md. 

*BoND,  Thomas  E.   (1910) 726  Reservoir  St. 

Bond,  Mes.  W.  G.    (1919) 1527  Bolton  St. 

Bonsal,  Leigh   (1902) 511  Calvert  Building. 

tBooKEE,  William  T.,  M.  D.   (1919)  ..  .208  W.  Monument  St. 

BooKEB,  Mrs.  William  T.   (1919) 208  W.  Monument  St. 

Bobdley,  De.  James,  Jb.  (1914) 201  Professional  Bldg. 

BosLEY,  Mbs.  Abthub  Lee  (1912) Preston  Apartments. 


86  MARYLAND    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

BOTTGHNEB,     MiSS     MaY    NICHOLSON        ) 

,-|Q2Q^  >  2435  Madison  Ave. 

BotTLDiN,  Mes.  Chas.  Newton   (1916).. The  Homewood  Apts. 

BowDOiN,  Henby  J.    (1890) 1000  Maryland  Trust  Bldg. 

BowDOiN,  Mbs.  Wm.  Gbaham  (1916)  ...1106  N.  Charles  St. 

BowDOiN,  W.  Gbaham,  Jb.   (1909) 401  Maryland  Trust  Building. 

BowEN,  Herbert  H.   (1915) American  OflBce. 

BowEN,  Jesse  N.  (1916) 825  Equitable  Building. 

Bowers,  James  W.,  Jr.  (1909) 16  E.  Lexington  St. 

Bowers,  Thomas  D.    ( 1916 ) Chestertown,  Md. 

Bowie,  Claeence  K.  ( 1916) 3020  N.  Calvert  St. 

Boycb,  Fbed.  G.,  Jb.,   ( 1916) 11  E.  Chase  St. 

Boyce,  Heywabd  E.  ( 1912 ) Drovers   National  Bank. 

Boyden,   Geoege  a.    ( 1911 ) Mt.   Washington. 

Bbadfobd,  Samuel  Webster  (1916) Belair,  Md. 

fBBADY,  S.  Proctor  ( 1919 ) Brooklandville. 

Bbamble,   Forrest    ( 1919) 207  N.  Calvert  St. 

Branch,  Kev.  Henry,  D.  D.  ( 1920) 3302  Clifton  Ave. 

Bbanham,  Mrs.  Joseph  H.   (1919) 2200  Eutaw  Place. 

Brattan,  J.  Y.  (1902) 1802  St.  Paul  St. 

Bbattan,  Mbs.  J.  Y.    ( 1919) 1802  St.  Paul  St. 

Beennan,  Bebnaed  a.    ( 1919) HE.  Chase  St. 

Beent,  Robert  F.    ( 1908) 10  E.  Lexington  St. 

Brent,  Mrs.  Robert  F.   (1916) The  St.  Paul  Apts. 

Brown,  Alexander  ( 1902) 712  Cathedral  St. 

Brown,  Edwin  H.,  Jb.    ( 1904) Oentreville,  Md. 

*Bbown,  Feank  ( 1896) 16  W.  Saratoga  St. 

Brown,  ]\LiRY  Howard  ( 1920) Owings  Mills,  Md. 

Brown,  John   W,    (1890) 201  Ridgewood  Rd.,  Roland  Park. 

*Beown,  Kirk   ( 1897) 1813  N.  Caroline  St. 

Brown,  W.  McCulloh    ( 1919) 10  W.  Hamilton  St. 

Brown,  Mrs.  William  T.   ( 1916) Chestertown,  Md. 

Browne,  Arthur  Lee  (1913) 341  Courtland  St. 

Bbowne,  B.  Bebnabd,  M.  D.   (1892) 510  Park  Ave. 

Bbowne,  Rev.  Levstis  Beeman  ( 1907 ) ...  St.  John's  Rectory,  Frostburg,  Md. 

Browne,  Mary  N.,  M.  D.   ( 1919) 510  Park  Ave. 

*Bruce,  Oliver  H.  (1913) Westernport,  Allegany  Co.,  Md. 

Bruce,  Oliver  H.,  Jr.,    (1913) Cumberland,  Md. 

Bruce,  W.  Cabell    ( 1909 ) 8  W.  Mt.  Vernon  Place. 

Bruce,  Mrs.  Wm.  Cabell  (1920) Ruxton,  Md. 

Bbune,  H.  M.    ( 1902 ) 841   Calvert  Building. 

Buchanan,  Thomas  Gittings   (1917)..  116  Chamber  of  Commerce. 
Buckingham,  'Mrs.  William  A.  (1920)  .  1918  Eutaw  Place. 

Buckleb,  Thomas  H.,  M.  D.  (1913) 1201   St.  Paul  St. 

Bubdick,  Alfeed  a.,  M.  D.    (1919) 122  S.  Patterson  Park  Ave. 

Bubgan,  Rev.  H.  W.  ( 1910) Annapolis,  Md. 

Burgess,  Mas.   Edwin    (1919) 6  E.  Mt.  Royal  Ave. 


LIST    OF    MEMBERS.  87 

BuENS,  F.  Highlands    (1919) 7  E.  Eager  St. 

BuETON,  Paul  Gibson   ( 1913) 725  13th  St.,  N.  W.,  Wash.,  D.  C. 

BuzBY,  S.  Stockton  ( 1902) 1214  St.  Paul  St. 

Caldwell,  Charles  C.  (1917) Liberty  Grove,  Md. 

Calwell,  James  S.    (1911) 220  St.  Paul  St. 

Caket,    Chakles    H.    (1919) 2220  N.  Charles  St. 

Caret,  Mrs.  George  Leipee  (1919) The  Cecil  Apts. 

Carey,   James    ( 1913 ) 2220  N.  Charles  St. 

Caeey,  James,  Je.    ( 1917) 838  Park  Ave. 

Cabey,  John  E.   (1893) "  The  Cedars,"  Walbrook. 

Caee,  Alfred  J.  ( 1920) Law  Building. 

Carroll,  Chas.  Banceoft  ( 1915) Doughoregan  Manor,  Howard  Co.,  Md, 

Carroll,  Douglas  Gordon  (1913) The  Washington  Apt. 

Caey,  Wilson  Miles   ( 1915 ) 18  E.  Eager  St. 

Cator,  Franklin  P.  (1914) 13-15  W.  Baltimore  St. 

Catoe,  George   ( 1911 ) 803  St.  Paul  St. 

Catob,  Samuel  B.  ( 1900) 6  E.  Pleasant  St. 

Chapman,  James  W.  Jb.    (1916) 2016   Park   Ave. 

Chapman,  W.  J.   ( 1916 ) 2306  Eutaw   Place. 

Chestnut,  W.  Calvin   (1897) 1137  Calvert  Building. 

Claek,  Miss  Anna  E.  B.  (1914) The  St.  Paul  Apartments. 

Clift,  Josiah,  Je.    (1919) 212  W.  Monument  St. 

Close,  Philip  H.  ( 1916) Belair,  Md. 

COAD,  J.  F.    ( 1907) Charlotte  Hall,  Md. 

COALE,  W.  E.  ( 1908 ) 109  Chamber  of  Commerce. 

CocKEY,  Edward  A.  ( 1917 ) Glyndon,  Md. 

COE,  Ward  B.  ( 1920) Fidelity  Building. 

Cohen,  Miss  Bertha  ( 1908) 415  N.  Charles  St. 

Cohen,  Miss  Eleanoe  S.   (1917) The  Latrabe. 

CoHN,  Charles  M.    (1919) Lexington  Bldg. 

Coleman,   William  C.    (1916) 16  E.  Eager  St. 

COLGAN,  Edwaed  J.,  Jb.   ( 1915) 330  E.  22d  St. 

Colston,  Fbedeeick  M.   (1911) 3  N.  Calvert  St. 

Colston,  Geoege  A.   (1914) 3  N.  Calvert  St. 

CoNKLiNG,  William  H.,  Je.  (1920) 106  E.  Baltimore  St. 

Connolly,  Geeald  C.  ( 1919) 1116  N.  Eutaw  St. 

Cook,  Mes.  Geoege  H.   (1919) 1001  St.  Paul  St. 

COONAN,  Edwaed  V.    (1907) 121  W.  Lafayette  Ave. 

*CooPER,  Miss  H.  Frances  (1909) 1415  Linden  Ave. 

CooPEE,  J.  Ceossan    ( 1912) Stock  Exchange  Building. 

COPPEB,  William  B.   (1916) Chestertown,  Md. 

CoBBiN,  Mes.  John  W.  ( 1898) 2208  N.  Charles  St. 

Coekean,  Mes.  Benjamin  W.   (19 19).. 200  Goodwood  Gardens. 

CoBNEB,  Geo.  W.    ( 1917 ) Hopkins  PI.  and  Redwood  St. 

COENEE,  Thomas  C.   ( 1913 ) 269  W.  Biddle  St. 

Gotten,  Beuce  ( 1912) Cylburn,  Sta.  L.,  Mt.  Wash. 

Cottman,  Thomas  E.  ( 1917 ) Chattolanee,  Md. 


88  MARYLAND    HISTOKICAL    MAGAZINE. 

Cotton,  Mbs.  Jane  Baldwin   (1896)  ...239  Beacon  St.,  Boston,  Mass. 

COTJDEN,  Joseph  (1920) Perryville,  Md. 

CoTJLSON,  Albert  C.  ( 1920) 2121  Bolton  St. 

CotJBTENAY,  A.  D.  B.   (1919) 610  Lennox  St. 

Cowan,  David  Pinkney  (1915) 1602  Eutaw  PI. 

,,--„,  (  17th.  floor,  Munsey  Bldg., 

Chain,  Robebt    (1902) j  ^^^^^  ^    ^ 

Cbapsteb,  Ebnest  R.   (1916) 15  E.  Saratoga  St. 

Cbanwell,  J.  H.    ( 1895 ) Wa,ynesboro,  Pa. 

Ceomwell,  B.  Fbank   ( 1918) 401  Garrett  Bldg. 

Cbomwell,  Mbs,  W.  Kennedy  (1916).. Lake   Roland. 

Cboss,  John  Emoby   (1912) 209   Oakdale  Rd.,  Roland   Park. 

Cross,  Thomas  A.  (1919) Hotel   Belvedere. 

Culveb,  Feancis  Babnum  (1910) 2203  N.  Charles  St. 

Dabney,  De.  William  M.   (1916) Ruxton,   Md. 

Dallam,  Richard    (1897 ) Belair,  Md. 

Dalsheimeb,  Simon    ( 1909) The  Lord  Baltimore  Press. 

Dandeidge,  Miss  Anne  S.  (1893) 18  W.  Hamilton  St. 

Dashiell,  Benj.  J.  (1914) Athol  Terrace,  P.  0.  Station. 

Dashiell,  N.  Leeke,  M.  D.   (1904) 2927  St.  Paul  St. 

Davidson,  Rev.  Hunter  ( 1920) Stevensville,  Md. 

Davis,  Db.  J.  Staige   (1916) 1200  Cathedral  St. 

Davis,  Septimus   ( 1907) Aberdeen,  Md. 

Davison,  George  W.  ( 1877) 11th  floor,  Garrett  Building, 

Dawkins,  Walteb  I.    (1902) 1119  Fidelity  Building. 

Dawson,  William  H.    (1892) Law  Building. 

Day,  Miss  Mary  Foeman  (1907) 1735]SrewHampshireAv.,Wash.,D.C. 

Dean,  Mary,  M.  D.   ( 1913 ) 901  N.  Calvert  St. 

Deems,  Clarence    ( 1913 ) The  Plaza. 

Defobd,  B.  F.    ( 1914) Calvert   and  Lombard   Street. 

Defoed,  Mes.   B.  Fbank,    (1916) Riderwood,  Md. 

Delaplaine,  Edward  S.  ( 1920) Frederick,  Md. 

Dennis,  James  U.    ( 1907 ) 2  E.  Lexington  St. 

Dennis,  John  M.   ( 1919) Union  Trust  Bldg. 

Dennis,  Samuel  K.   ( 1905 ) 2  E.  Lexington  St. 

Denn,y,  James  W.   ( 1915 ) 1900  Linden  Ave. 

Detrick,   Miss   Lillie    ( 1919) 104  E.  Biddle  St. 

Devecmon,  WiLLiAM  C.  (1919) Cumberland,  Md. 

Dickey,  Charles  H.    (1902) \  Maryland  Meter  Company, 

(  Guilford  Av.  and  Saratoga  St. 

Dickey,  Edmund  S.    (1914) Maryland  Meter  Company. 

DiELMAN,  Louis  H.    ( 1905 ) Peabody  Institute. 

Ditman,  Miss  Geace  Barrow  (1919)  ..219  E.  Biddle  Street. 

Ditman,  Mrs.  William  C.    (1919) 219  E.  Biddle  Street. 

Dixon,  Mrs.  William  A.   (1919) 207  Wendover  Road,  Guilford. 

DoBLEB,  John  J.   ( 1898 ) 114  Court  House. 

DoDSON,  Hebbeet  K.  ( 1909 ) 2206  N.  Charles  St. 


LIST    OF    MEMBEES.  89 

DOEBLEE,  John  H.  ( 1920) 255  W.  Hoffman  St. 

Donnelly,  Edwakd  A.    ( 1919) 213  N.  Calvert  St, 

Donnelly,  William  J.    (1916) Commerce  and  Water  Sta. 

DoRNEY,  Mrs.  Charles  P.  (1920) 3712  Springdale  Ave.,  Forest  Park. 

DoESEY,  Miss  Anne  H.  E.   (1919) Ellicott  City. 

*DoYLE,  James  T.  ( 1916) 204  Augusta  Ave.  Irvington. 

Duffy,  Edward  ( 1920) 138  W.  Lanvale  St. 

Duffy,  Henry   ( 1916) 135    W.    Lanvale    St. 

DuGAN,  Hammond  J.    ( 1916) 16  E.  Lexington  St. 

DuGAN,  Miss  Maey  Coale    (1919) 225  W.  Preston  St. 

Duke,  W.  Bernard    ( 1909 ) 406  Water  St. 

Duke,  Mrs.  W.  Bernard    (1908) Eiderwood,  Md. 

Dukehart,  Morton  McI.  ( 1920) Key  Highway  and  Light  St. 

Dulaney,  Henry  S.  (1915) Charles  St.  and  Forest  Aves. 

DuNTON,  Wm.  Rush,  Jr.,  M.  D.  ( 1902 )  . .  Towson,  Md. 

Duvall,  Richard  M.    ( 1902) 16  E.  Lexington  St. 

DuvALL,  Mrs.  Richard  M.    (1919) The  Sherwood. 

Earle,  Swepson  ( 1916) 512  Munsey  Building. 

Easter,  Arthur  Miller   (1918) 913  N.  Charles  St. 

Eaton,  Paul,  M.  D.  ( 1917 ) 304  W.  Monument  St. 

Eddings,  Miss  Grace  ( 1920) 1804  Park  Ave. 

Egeeton,   Stuart    ( 1919) 106  Elmhurst  Road. 

Ellicott,  Charles  E.  ( 1918) Melvale,  Md. 

Elliott,  Mrs.  Lily  Tyson  (1915) Ellicott  City. 

Elmer,  Lewis  S.   ( 1916) 2011    Callow  Ave. 

Evans,  H.  G.    ( 1918 ) 818  University  Parkway. 

Fahnestock,    Albert    ( 1912) 2503  Madison  Ave. 

Falconer,  Chas.  E.  ( 1915 ) 1630  Bolton  St. 

Fallon,  Wm.  B.  ( 1920) 811  Roland  Ave. 

Faure,  Auguste    ( 1916) 1200  Ethel  St.,  Alhambra,  Calif, 

Fenhagen,  G.  Corner  ( 1918) 11  E.  Pleasant  St. 

Ferguson,  J.  Henry    ( 1902 ) Colonial  Trust  Co. 

Fickenscher,  Miss  Lenoee   (1920)  ....  Allston  Apartments. 

*FiELD,  S.  S.  ( 1918) 220  St.  Paul  St. 

FiNDLEY,  Miss  Ellen  B.    (1919) 1016  Cathedral  St. 

Fisher,    D.    K.    E.    ( 1916) 1301  Park  Ave. 

Fisher,  Miss  Grace  W.   (1907) 1610  Park  Ave, 

Ford,  Miss  Sarah  M.  (1916) 1412  N.  St.,  N.  W.,  Wash'n,  D,  C. 

*FosTER,  E.  Edmunds  (1917) 924  Equitable  Bldg. 

Foster,  Mrs.  E.  Edmunds  ( 1917) 23  E.  22nd  St. 

*rosTEE,  Mrs.  Reuben  (1909) 3507  N.  Charles  St. 

Fowler,  Lawrence  Hall   (1919) 347  N.  Charles  St, 

Fox,  Hamilton  P.,  D.  D.  ( 1919) 753  W.  Fayette  St. 

France,  Dr.  Joseph  L    (1916) 15  W.  Mt.  Vernon  Place. 

France,  Mrs.  J.  I,   (1910) 15  W.  Mt.  Vernon  Place. 

Freeman,    Bernard    ( 1916) 749  Cobb  St.,  Athens,  Georgia. 


90  MARYLAND    HISTOEICAL    MAGAZINE. 

Fbeeman,  J.  Douglas    (1914) Orkney  Road,  Govans,  Md. 

Freeman,  Mbs.  Julius   W.    (1917) 2731  St.  Paul  St. 

Fbick,  Geobge  Abnold    (1914) The  St.  James  Apts. 

Fbick,  J.  Swan    ( 1895 ) Guilford. 

Fbick,  John  W.    (1916) 835   University   Parkway. 

Feiedenwald,   Haeet,  M.  D.    (1919)  ..  .1029  Madison  Ave. 
Feiedenwald,  Julius,  M.  D.   (1919) ..  .1013  N.  Charles  St. 

Fbiez,  Lucien  L.   ( 1917 ) The  Homewood. 

FuBST,  Fbank  a.   ( 1914) 3407   Elgin  Ave. 

FuBST,  J.  Henby   ( 1915) 23  S.  Hanover  St. 

Gage,  Mas.  Emma  Abbott  ( 1911 ) Annapolis,  Md. 

Gaithee,  Chaeles  D.    (1919) Ellicott  City,  Md. 

Gaithee,  Thomas  H.,  Jb.   (1916) 508  Cathedral  St. 

Gallagheb,  Mbs.  Helen  M.  P.  (1916) .  .Bayville,  N.  Y. 

Gambel,  Mbs.  Thos.  B.  ( 1915) 2017  St.  Paul  St. 

Gantt,  Mbs.  Habby  Baldwin  (1915)  . . .  Millersville,  Md. 
Gabdineb,  Asa  Bibd,  Jb.    (1912) 520  N.  Calvert  St. 

Gaedneb,  p.  H.    (1917) J      Special  Agent  in  Charge 

f  Custom  House,  New  Orleans,  La. 

Gabnett,  J.  Meecee  ( 1916) 1239  Calvert  Building. 

Gaebett,  John  W.    (1898) Garrett   Building. 

Gabbett,  Robebt    ( 1898) Garrett   Building. 

*Gaeeett,  Mrs.  T.  Haerison  (1913)  ..."  Evergreen  "  Charles  St.  Ave. 

Gaby,  E.  Stanley  ( 1913) 722  Equitable  Building. 

*Gaey,  James  A.  (1892) 1200  Linden  Ave. 

Gault,  Matthew    (1914) 1422  Park  Ave. 

GiBBS,  Chaeles  H.  ( 1920) 511  Garrett  Building. 

GiBBS,  John  S.,  Jb.  (1914) 1026  N.  Calvert  St. 

Gibson,  Abthur  C.  ( 1920) Safe  Deposit  and  Trust  Co. 

Gibson,  W.  Hoppeb  ( 1902 ) Centreville,  Md. 

Gillies,  Mes.  M.  J.    (1919) 211  E.  Mt.  Royal  Ave. 

GIEDWOOD,  Allan  C.    ( 1916 ) Union  Trust  Building. 

GiTTiNGS,  James  C.  ( 1911) 613  St.  Paul  St. 

Gittings,  John   S.    ( 1885 ) 605  Keyser  Building. 

GiTTiNGS,  Miss  Victoria  E.  (1920) 231  W.  Preston  St. 

Glenn,   John,   Jb.    ( 1915) 16  St.  Paul  St. 

Glenn,  John  M.   ( 1905 ) 136  E.  19th  St.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

Glenn,  Rev.  Wm.  Lindsay  ( 1905 ) Emmorton,  Md. 

Gold,  Conrad,  M.  D.    ( 1919) 1618  Eutaw  Place, 

GOLDSBOEOUGH,  A.  S.    (1914) 2712    St.    Paul    St. 

GoLDSBOEOUGH,  CHARLES    (1908) 924  St.  Paul  St. 

GOLDSBOEOUGH,  Mrs.  Fitzhugh  (1919)  .  1700  St.  Paul  St. 

GoLDSBOBOUGH,  Louis  P.   (1914) 35  W.  Preston  St.    . 

GoLDSBOBOUGH,  MuBBAY  Lloyd  (1913)  ..Easton,  Md. 
GOLDSBOBOUGH,  Philleps  Lee  (1915)... 927  St.  Paul  St. 

GOODNOW,  Db.  Frank  J.    (1916) Johns  Hopkins  University. 

GooDBicH,  G.  Clem  ( 1916) 110  E.  Redwood  St. 


LIST    OF    MEMBERS.  91 

GoEDON,  Mbs.  Douglas  H.    (1916) 1009  N.  Charles  St. 

GoBE,  Clabence  S.,  D.  D.  S.  ( 1902) Fidelity  Building. 

GoKsucH,  Mbs.  Hakry  Kepler  (1919)  , .  117  W.  Saratoga  St. 

GoETEB,  Jakes  P.   ( 1902) 128  Court  House. 

GoucHEB,  John  F.,  D.  D,    (1908) 2313  St.  Paul  St. 

GouGH,  Mbs.  I.  Pike  (1916) 1730  St.  Paul  St. 

GouGH,  T.  R.,  M.  D.    ( 1919) Barnesville,   Md. 

Gould,  Clabexce  P.   ( 1908) Wash,   Coll.,  Chestertown,  Md. 

Graham,  Albeet  D.    (1915) Citizens'  National  Bank. 

Geape,  Adeian  H.    ( 1919) 204  Clay  St. 

Graves,  Miss  Emily  E.  (1916) 304  W.  Monument  St. 

Geeenway,  Miss  Elizabeth  W.  (1917)  .2322  N.  Charles  St. 

Gbeenway,  William  H.  ( 1886) 2322  N.  Charles  St. 

Gbeqg,  Maubice   ( 1886) 719  N".  Charles  St. 

Geesham,  Thomas  Baxter    (1919) 815  Park  Ave. 

Geesham,  Mbs.  Thos.  Baxtee  (1919)  .,815  Park  Ave. 
Geieves,  Clabence  J.,  D.  D.  S.  (1904).,  201   W.  Madison  St. 
Geiffis,  Mbs.  Mabgaeet  Abell  (1913)  .Glyndon,  Md. 

Gbiffith,  Mbs.  Maey  W.    (1890) Stoneleigh  Court,  Wash,,  D.  C. 

*Geindall,  De.  Charles  S.  (1916) 5  E.  Franklin  St. 

Gbiswold,  B.  Howell,  Jb.  (1913) Alex.  Brown  &  Sons. 

Habighuest,  Mbs.  Chas.  F.   (1916) 1620  Bolton  St. 

Hall,  Gary  D.,  Jr.  (1919) 706  Fidelity  Bldg. 

Hall,  Thomas  John  3bd  (1920) Tracy's  Landing,  Md. 

Haman,  B.  Howaed    (1912) 1137  Calvert  Bldg. 

Hambleton,  Mbs.  F.  S.   (1907) Hambledune,    Lutherville,    Md. 

Hambleton,  T.  Edward  (1914) Hambleton  &  Co.,  8  S.  Calvert  St. 

Hammond,  Edwaed  M.  ( 1914) 803  Union  Trust  Bldg. 

Hammond,  John  Maetin    (1911)  . . . .  ^03  W.  Walnut  Lane, 

i  Germantown,  Pa, 

Hance,  Mbs,  Tabitha  J.    (1916) 2330  Eutaw  Place, 

Hancock,  James  E.   (1907) ...2122  St.  Paul  St. 

Hann,  Samuel  M.  (1915) 108  E,  Elmhurst  Rd.,  Roland  Park. 

Hanson,  Mbs.  Aquilla  B.  (1907) Ruxton,  Md. 

Hablan,  Henby  D.,  LL.  D.   (1894) Fidelity  Building. 

Hablan,  William  H.    ( 1916) Belair,  Md. 

Haeley,  Chas.  F.  ( 1915 ) Title  Building. 

Haeeington,  Emeeson  C.    (1916) Cambridge,  Md. 

Haebis,  W.  Hall  ( 1883 ) Title  Building. 

Harris,  Mrs.  W.  Hall   (1919) 511  Park  Ave. 

Harris,  William  Barney  (1918) Ten  Hills. 

Harris,  Wm.  Hugh    (1914) Fidelity  Building. 

Harris,  Mrs.  William  Hugh   (1919) .  .Oakdale,  Howard  Co. 

Harbison,  Geobge  ( 1915) 1615  Eutaw  PL 

Habbison,  J.  Edwaed  ( 1915) 3023  Guilford  Ave. 

Harrison,  Mrs.  John  W.   (1919) Middle  River,  Md. 

Harrison,  Miss  Rebecca  (1919) 521  Fairfax  Ave.,  Norfolk,  Va. 


92  MAKYLAND    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

tHAET,  Robert  S.    ( 1915) Fidelity  Building. 

Harvet,  Mes.  William  P.    (1919) 932  N.  Charles  St. 

Hayden,  William  M.   ( 1878) Eutaw  Savings  Bank. 

Hayes,  A.  Goedon   ( 1919) 214  W.  Madison  St. 

Haywaed,  William  H.  ( 1918) 110  Commerce  St. 

Haywaed,  F.  Sidney   (1897) Harwood  Ave.,  Govans,  Md, 

Helfenstein,  Rev.  Edwaed  T 1507  Park  Ave. 

Helfeich,  Mes.  Samuel 1401  Park  Ave. 

Henderson,    Chaeles   F.    (1919) Continental  Trust  Bldg. 

Hendeeson,   Mes.   Lotjisa   P.    (1919)  .  .Cumberland,  Md. 

Hendebson,  Robert  R.  (1918) Cumberland,  Md. 

Hennighattsen,  Peecy  C.   (1919) 231  Courtland  St. 

Henry,  J.  Winfield    (1902) 107   W.   Monument   St. 

Henry,  Mes.  Robeeta  B.  (1914) Waterbury,  Md. 

Henry,  W.  Laied  ( 1915 ) Cambridge,  Md. 

Heeeing,  Thomas  R.    (1919) 717  N.  Broadway. 

Hicks,   Thomas    (1919) 106  W.  Madison  St. 

HiLKEN,  H.  G.    ( 1889 ) 4  Bishop's  Road,  Guilford. 

Hill,  John  Philip   (1899) 712  Keyser  Building. 

Hinkley,  John    ( 1900) 215  N.  Charles  St. 

HiSKY,  Thomas  Foley    (1888) 215  N.  Charles  St. 

Hitchcock,  Ella  Speague  (1919) 312  Strathmore  Ave. 

Hite,  Deayton  Meade    (1919) 1211  Madison  Ave. 

Hobbs,  Gustavtts  Waefield   (1917)  ...  .Editorial  Dept.,  The  Sun. 

HoDGDON,  Mes.  Alexander  L.  (1915) ..  Pearsons,  St.  Mary's  Co.,  Md. 

TT  TUT  „    TVT.^^.^^r.,  TD     / 1  oAQ \       i  142  Duke  of  Gloucester  St., 

Hodges,  Mrs.  Margaret  R.  (1903)..  ]  ,.     ,,, 

(  Annapolis,  Md. 

Hodson,  Eugene  W.    (1916) Care  of  Thomas  &  Thompson. 

Hoffman,  J.  Henry,  D.D.S.   (1914) 1225  N.  Charles  St. 

Hoffman,  R.  Curzon   (1896) 1300  Continental  Trust  Building. 

Hollander,  Jacob  H.,  Ph.D.   (1895)..  1802  Eutaw  place. 

HoLLOWAY,  Charles  T.  (1915) Normandie  Heights,   Md. 

Hollow  AY,  Mrs.  R.  Ross    (1918) Normandie  Heights,  Md. 

Homer,  Charles  C,  Jr.  ( 1909 ) 2nd  National  Bank. 

Homer,  Francis  T.   (1900) 40   Wall  St.,  New   York,  N.  Y. 

Homer,  Mrs.  Jane  Abell   (1909) Riderwood,   Baltimore   Co. 

Hopkins,   John   Howard    (1911) Sta.  E,  Mt.  Washington  Heights. 

Horsey,    John    P.     (1911) 649  Title  Building. 

Howard,  Charles  McHenry  (1902) 901  St.  Paul  St. 

Howard,  Charles  Morris  (1907) 1010  Munsey  Bldg. 

Howard,  Harry  C.   ( 1907 ) 939  St.  Paul  St. 

Howard,  John  D.  (1917) 209  W.  Monument  St. 

Howard,  McHenry   ( 1881 ) 901  St.  Paul  St. 

Howard,  Wm.  Ross   ( 1916) Guilford  Ave.  and  Pleasant  St. 

Hubbard,  Wilbur  W.  ( 1915 ) Keyser    Building. 

HuBNER,  William  R.  ( 1920) Safe  Deposit  and  Trust  Co. 

Hughes,  Adrian    (1895) 4104  Maine  Ave,  West  Forest  Pk. 

Hughes,  Thomas  (1886) 1018  Cathedral  St. 


LIST    OF    MEMBEES.  93 

Hull,  Miss  A.  E.  E.   ( 1904) The  Arundel. 

Hume,  Edgab  Eeskine,  M.  D,    (1913)  .  .Johns  Hopkins  Club. 

HuMBiCHOUSE,  Habky  H.    (1918) 465  Potomac  Ave.,  Hagerstown,  Md. 

tHuNT,  Chaeles    ( 1919 ) 100  Longwood  Koad,  Koland  Pk. 

Hunter  W.  Carroll   ( 1916) White  Hall,  Md. 

Hunting,   E.   B.    ( 1905 ) 705  Calvert  Building. 

HuBD,  Henry  M.,  M.  D.   (1902) 1023  St.  Paul  St. 

Hurst,   Charles   W.    (1914) 24  E.  Preston  St. 

Hurst,  J.  J.    ( 1902 ) Builders'  Exchange. 

Hyde,  Enoch   Pratt    (1906) 223  W.  Monument  St. 

Hyde,  Geo.  W.   ( 1906) 225  E.  Baltimore  St. 

Hynson,  Dk.  Henry  Parr  ( 1920) The  Latrobe  Apartments. 

Iglehaet,  Francis  N.    (1914) 14  E.  Lexington  St. 

IGLEHABT,  Iredell  W.  ( 1916) 10  S.  Calvert  St. 

IGLEHART,  James  D.,  M.  D.    (1893) 211  W.  Lanvale  St. 

Iglehart,  Mrs.  James  D.   (1913) 211  W.  Lanvale  St. 

Ijams,  Mrs.  George  W.  (1913) 4509  Liberty  Heights  Ave. 

Ingle,  Edward  ( 1882) The  Cecil. 

Ingle,    William    ( 1909 ) 1710  Park  Ave. 

Jackson,  Mrs.  George  S.  (1910) 34  W.  Biddle  St. 

Jacobs,  Mrs.  Henry  Barton    (19 16)..  11  W.  Mt.  Vernon  Place. 
Jacobs,  Henry  Barton,  M.  D.  (1903)  ..11  W.  Mt.  Vernon  Place. 

Jacobsen,  Alfred  W.    ( 1919) Pen  Lucy  Ave. 

Jamar,  Dr.  J.  H.    ( 1916) Elkton,  Md. 

James,   Norman    ( 1903) Catonsville,  Md. 

Jenkins,   George   C.    ( 1883 ) 16  Abell  Building. 

Jenkins,  Thos.  W.   ( 1885 ) 1521  Bolton  St. 

Johnson,  J.  Altheus  (1915) Seat  Pleasant,  Prince  Geo.  Co.,  Md. 

Johnson,  J.  Hemsley   (1916) 225  W.  Monument  St. 

fJOHNSTON,  Samuel,  M.  D.    (1919)  .  .  .  .Greenway  Apartments. 
Johnstone,  Mrss  Emma  E.   (1910) 855   Park  Ave. 

Jones,  Arthur  Lafayette   (1911) . . .  ]  ^^^«  °^  ^-^-  Wilson  Co., 

(  Calvert  Buildmg. 

Jones,  Elias,  M.  D.  ( 1902 ) Custom  House. 

Jones,  Mrs.  Harry  C.    ( 1919) 2523  Madison  Ave. 

Jones,   T.   Barton    (1914) 1213-14   Fidelity   Bldg. 

JuDiK,  Mrs.  J.  Henry  ( 1918 ) 1428  Madison  Ave. 

Karr,  Harry  E.    ( 1913) 1301  Fidelity  Bldg. 

Keech,  Edw.  p.,  Jr.    ( 1909) 900-901  Maryland  Trust  Bldg. 

Keech,  Colonel  Frank  B.    (1919) Wall  St.,  New  York. 

Keene,  Miss  Mary  Hollingswobth    )  g  ^_  Hamilton  St. 

1917)    ) 

Keidel,  Geo.  C,  Ph.  D.   (1912) 300  E.  Capitol  St.,  Wash't'n,  D.  C. 

Kelly,  Howaed  A.,  M.  D.  (1919) 1418  Eutaw  Place. 

Kennedy,  Joseph  P.  ( 1915) Charles  and  Wells  Sts. 


94  MARYLAND    HISTOEICAL    MAGAZINE. 

Keys,  Miss  Jane  G.   { 1905) 208  E,  Lanvale  St. 

Ketsee,  Mbs.  H.  Ievine    (1894) 104  W.  Monument  St. 

Ketseb,  R.   Bbent    (1894) 910  Keyser  Building. 

Keyseb,  W.  Ievine   (1917) 206-7  Keyser   Building. 

Ktlpateick,  Mes.  Rebecca  H.  (1917)..  1027  St.  Paul  St. 

KiEK,  Henby  C.    (1908) 207   Longwood  Road,  Roland  Park. 

KiEK,  Mbs.  Henby  C.   (1917) 207  Longwood  Road,  Roland  Park. 

KiBKLAND,  Ogden  A.    ( 1889) Belcamp,  Md. 

KiEWAN,  Geoege  W.    ( 1919) 11  E.  Chase  St. 

Klinefelteb,  Mes.  Emily  Hendbix      )  chestertown,  Md. 

(1915)   ) 

Knapp,    Chaeles   H.    ( 1916) 1418  Fidelity  Building. 

Knapp,  Geobge  W.    (1919) 920  N.  Charles  St. 

Knapp,  Geoege  W.,  Je.   (1919) 1116  N.  Calvert  St. 

Knapp,   William   G.    ( 1919) 920  N.  Charles  St. 

Knox,  J.  H.  Mason,  Je.,  M.  D.  (1909) .  .The  Severn  Apts. 

Koch,   Chaeles  J.    ( 1905 ) 2524  Maryland  Ave. 

KooNTZ,  Miss  Maby  G.  ( 1917) 307  Augusta  Ave.,  Irvington,  Md. 

Lacy,  Benjamin    ( 1914) 1630  Linden  Ave. 

Lanahan,  Mes.  Chas.  M.   (1915) Washington  Apartments. 

Lankfoed,  H.  F.    ( 1893) Princess  Anne,  Md. 

LATANfi,  John  Holladay,  Ph.D.,  LL.  D.  (1913)         Johns  Hopkins  Univ. 

Lamtbence,  William  H.  (1920) Law  Building. 

Leakin,  Maegaeet  Dobbin  (1920) Lake  Roland,  Md. 

Leakin,  J.  Wilson   ( 1902) 814   Fidelity  Building. 

Ledebee,  Lewis  J.  ( 1916) Marine  Bank  Building. 

Lee,  Miss  Elizabeth  Collins  .  (1920)  .  1535  Park  Ave. 

Lee,  H.  C.   ( 1903) Franklin  Bldg. 

Lee,  John  L.  G.  ( 1916) 511   Calvert  Building. 

Lee,   Richabd   Laws    (1896) 232  St.  Paul  St. 

*Legg,  James  C.   ( 1919) 217  Forest  Road. 

Lego,  John  C,  Je.   ( 1916) 110  E.  Redwood  St. 

Lehe,  Robeet  Olivee  (1916) 302  Exchange  Place. 

Leveeing,  Edvtin  W.   (1916) Calvert  and  Redwood  Sts. 

Leveeing,   Eugene    ( 1895) 26  South  St. 

Levy,  William  B.    ( 1909) 1 1th  floor,  Fidelity  Building. 

LiNTHicuM,  J.  Chaeles  (1905) 705  St.  Paul  St. 

LiNviLLE,  Chaeles  H.  ( 1918) 1935  Park  Ave. 

LiTTiG,  Mes.  John  M.    (1919) 1010   Cathedral  St. 

LrvEZEY,  E.    ( 1907 ) 22  E.  Lexington  St. 

Ljungstedt,  Mbs.  A.  0.  ( 1915) \  ^^^^  ^^';'''  ^f' 

I  Box  46,  Route  3. 

Lloyd,  C.  Howaed    ( 1907 ) 1120  St.  Paul  St. 

*LLorD,  Henby  ( 1902 ) Cambridge,  Md. 

LocKAED,  G.  Caeeoll,  M.  D.   (1919) 4  E.  Preston  St. 

LocKWOOD,  William  F.,  M.  D.   (1891)..  8  E.  Eager  St. 

LoNN,   Miss   Ella    ( 1919) Goucher  College. 


LIST    OF    MEMBEES.  95 

Lord,  ]Mbs.  J.  Williams    (1919) 1010  Cathedral  St. 

Lucas,  Wm.  F.,  Jb.  ( 1909 ) 221  E.  Baltimore  St. 

LuBMAN,  Miss  Minna    ( 1919) 1514  Park  Ave. 

Lyell,  J.  Milton    (1916) 1163  Calvert  Building. 

Lynch,  Mrs.  Stephen  H.,  Jr.  (1920)  . . .  4407  Penhurst  Ave. 

Lyon,  Miss  Mary  A.   ( 1916) 1209  Linden  Ave. 

Lytle,  Wm.  H.  ( 1908) 1220  St.  Paul  St. 

McAdams,  Rev.   Edw.  P.    (1906) 31  Augusta  Ave. 

*MoAllister,  Francis  W.   (1916) 520  Woodlawn  Rd.,  Roland  Park. 

McClellan,   William   J.    (1866) 1208  Madison  Ave. 

McColgan,  Charles  C.   ( 1916) 12  E.  Lexington  St. 

McCormick,   Roberdeau  a.    (1914)  . . .  .McCormick  Block. 

McCoRMiCK,  Thomas  P.,  M.  D.  (1902)  . .  Napoleonville,  La. 

MacDonald,  J.  Stuart  (1919) 212  N.  Charles  St. 

McElroy,  Mrs.  Elizabeth  M.  (1917) ..  .1619  McCulloh  St. 

McEvoY,   James,   Jr.    ( 1909) 533  Title  Bldg. 

McEvOY,  P.  J.    ( 1919) 402  Cathedral  St. 

Macgill,  Richard  G.,  Jr.   (1891) 110  Commerce  St. 

MoGroarty,  William  B.  ( 1920 ) Ill  W.  Mulberry  St. 

Machen,  Arthur  W.   (1917) 1109  Calvert  Building. 

MoIlvaine,  ]Miss  Elizabeth  Grant    ) 

,  jg-,-,  f512  Park  Ave. 

Mackall,  W.  Hollingsworth   (1909)  ..Elkton,  Md. 

Mackenzie,  Thomas   (1917) 607  Continental  Building. 

McKjion,  Mrs.  E.  H.   (1910) 12  E.  Eager  St. 

fMoKiM,  Mrs.  Hollins   ( 1916) 975  St.  Paul  St. 

McKim,    S.   S.    ( 1902 ) Savings  Bank  of  Baltimore. 

McLane,    Allan    ( 1894) Garrison,  Md. 

MoLane,   Miss    Catherine    (1919)  . . .  .211  W.  Monument  St. 
McLane,  Miss  Elizabeth  C.    (1919) .  .211  W.  Monument  St. 

McLane,  James  L.    (1888) 903  Cathedral  St. 

McLane,   JMiss   Sophie   H.    (1919) 211  W.  Monument  St. 

Macsherby,  Allan   ( 1914) 104  Charlcote  Road,  Guilford. 

Magrudeb,  James  M.,  D.  D.   (1919) 103  W.  Monument  St. 

Mahool,  J.  Barry  ( 1920) 121  S.  Calvert  St. 

Maloy,  William  Milnes    (1911) 1403  Fidelity  Building. 

Mandelbaum,  Seymour   (1902) 619  Fidelity  Bldg. 

Mankin,  Miss   Olivia    ( 1919) The  Walbert. 

Manly,  Mbs.  Wm.  M.  (1916) 1109  N.  Calvert  St. 

Mabbubg,  Ikliss  Amelia    (1919) 6  E.  Eager  St. 

Marburg,  William  A.    (1919) 6  E.  Eager  St. 

Marbury,   William   L.    ( 1887 ) 700  Maryland  Trust  Building. 

Marine,  Miss  Harriet  P.  (1915) 2514  Madison  Ave. 

fMARRiOTT,  Telfair  W.   (1916) Burford  Apts, 

Marriott,  Mrs.  Telfair  W.    (1919)  . .  .The  Burford  Apts. 

Marsden,  Mrs.  Charles  T.    (1918) 1729  Bolton  St. 

Marshall,  Mrs.  Charles  (1917) The  Preston. 


96  MARYLAND    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

Maeshall,  John  W.    ( 1902) 13  South  St. 

Martin,  Richard  T.    ( 1919) 322  Spalding  Ave. 

Marye,    William    B,    ( 1911 ) 222  E.  Biddle  St. 

Mason,  Harry  M.    ( 1919) 104  St.  Paul  St. 

Massey,   E.  Thomas    ( 1909) Massey,  Kent  Co.,  Md. 

Mathews,  Edward  B,,  Ph.D.   (1905) .  .Johns  Hopkins  University. 

IMay,   George    ( 1916) Maryland  Club. 

Maynadier,  Thomas  Murray   (1919) .  .Plaza  Apts. 

Meekins,  Lynn  R,    (1908) 2418  N.  Charles  St. 

Meiere,   T.   MoKean    ( 1916) 1724  N.  Calvert  St. 

Merchant,  Henry  N.  ( 1915) 119  E.  Baltimore  St. 

Merritt,    Elizabeth     (1913) 3402  W.  North  Ave. 

Middendorf,  J.  W.    ( 1902) American  Building. 

Miles,  Joshua  W.    (1915) Custom  House. 

Miller,   Charles   R.    ( 1916) 507   Greenway  Apartments. 

*MiLLER,  ]VlRS.  Charles  R.  (1916) 507   Greenway  Apartments. 

Miller,  Decatur  H.,  Jr.    (1902) 506   Maryland   Trust  Building. 

Miller,  Edgar  G.,  Jr.    ( 1916) 815  Calvert  Bldg. 

Miller,  Paul  H.   ( 1918) 815  Calvert  Building. 

Miller,  Walter  H.    ( 1904) \  ^^'^  ""^  ^""<^''°  ^'''^^' 

<  348  Broadway,  N.  Y. 

MiLLiGAN,  John  J.   (1916) 603  N.  Charles  St. 

Mitchell,  Joseph  B.   (1917) 2123  N.  Calvert  St. 

IVIiTCHELL,  Walter  R.   ( 1920) 112  E.  Preston  St. 

MoHLER,  ;Mrs.  Isaac  Winbert  (1920)  . .  The  Homewood  Apartments. 

Moody,  W.  Raymond   (1911) Chestertown,  Md. 

Moore,  Miss  Mary  Wilson   (1914) 2340  N.  Calvert  St. 

Morgan,   John   Hurst    (1896) 10  E.   Fayette  St. 

Morgan,  Wilbur  P.,  M.  D.    (1919) 315  W.  Monument  St. 

Mullen,  Rev.  Albert  Oswald  (1912)  ..329  E.  Lafayette  Ave. 

Muller,  Miss  Amelia  ( 1917 ) 807  W.  Fayette  St. 

MuLLiN,  Miss  Elizabeth  Lester  (1916)  Mt.  Royal  Apts. 

Munder,  Norman  T.  A.  ( 1920) Coca-Cola  Building. 

Murray,   Daniel  M.    ( 1902 ) Elk  Ridge,  Md. 

Murray,  James  S.   ( 1919) 4411    Greenway,   Guilford. 

Murray,  Rt.  Rev.  John  G.    (1908)  . .  . .  Chas.   St.  Av.  and  Univ.  Parkway. 

Myers,  William  Starr  (1902) 104  Bayard  Lane,  Princeton,  N.  J. 

Myers,   Willis  E.    ( 1911 ) 10  E.  Fayette  St. 

Nash,  Charles  W.  ( 1908 ) 614-A  Equitable  Building. 

Neal,  Rev.  J.  St.  Clair  (1914) Bengies,  Baltimore  Co.,  Md. 

Nelugan,  John  J.    ( 1907) Safe  Deposit  and  Trust  Co. 

Nelson,  Alexander  C.    (1907) 210  E.  Redwood  St. 

Newcomer,  Waldo    ( 1902) National  Exchange  Bank. 

NicoDEMUs,  F.  CouRT^TEY,  Je.    (1902)  . .  43  E.  18th  St.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

Nicolai,  Charles  D.    (1916) 4105  Pennhurst  Ave. 

NiMMO,  Mrs.  Nannie  Ball  (1920) DeVere  Place,  Ellicott  City,  Md. 


LIST    OF    MEMBERS.  97 

Noble,  Edwaed  M.    ( 1919) Denton,  Maryland. 

NoLTiNG,  William  G.    ( 1919) 11   E.  Chase  St. 

NoBEis,  IVIiss  Elizabeth    (1919) Hillen  Rd.  and  Sycamore  Ave. 

NoBBis,  Jeffeeson  D.  (1914) 128  W.  Lanvale  St. 

fNoBEis,  Lloyd    ( 1917 ) 114  W.  Clay  St. 

Obee,  Gustavus,  Je.   ( 1914) 1217  N.  Charles  St. 

Obee,  J.  Hambleton    (1915) 1101  St.  Paul  St. 

Odell,  Waltee  George   (1910) 3021  W.  North  Ave. 

O'DoNOVAN,  Chaeles,  M.  D.    (1890) 5  E,  Read  St. 

O'DoNOVAN,  John  H.  ( 1919) Washington  Apts. 

tOTDoNOVAN,  Rev.  Louis   ( 1918) 31  N.  Fulton  Ave. 

Offdtt,  T.  Scott  ( 1908 ) Towson,  Md. 

Olivee,  John  R.,  M.  D.   ( 1919) The  Latrobe. 

*Olivee,  Thomas  H.  (1890)  .  . .'. 41  University  PL,  Univ.  of  Va. 

Olivee,  W.  B.    ( 1913 ) 1st  floor,  Garrett  Building. 

Oliviee,    Stuabt    ( 1913 ) The  News. 

O'Neill,   J.  W.    (1919) Havre  de  Grace,  Md. 

OsBOENE,  Miss  Inez  H.   (1917) Havre  de  Grace,  Md. 

Owen,  Fbanklin  B.   (1917) 804  Guardian  Bldg.,  Cleveland,  O. 

Owens,  Albeet  S.  J.    (1912) 1408   Fidelity   Building. 

Owens,  Edwabd  B.   ( 1915) 130  S.  Charles  St. 

Paca,  John  P.   ( 1897) 620  Munsey  Building. 

Pache,  Joseph   ( 1917 ) 1532  Harlem  Ave. 

Page,  Mes.  Heney,  Je.   ( 1919) Fort  Crook,  Neb. 

Page,   Wm.   C.    (1912) Calvert  Bank. 

_,  TT7    TI7  iinioK  ( Curtis  Bay  Ordnance  Depot, 

Pagon,  W.  Wattebs    (1916) <  .,,■,,,,.„« 

^  (  South  Baltimore  P.  O. 

Pabke,  Fbancis  Neal   (1910) Westminster,  Md. 

Paekeb,  John    ( 1916 ) Peabody  Institute. 

Paekeb,  Mes.  T.  C.   (1918) i  ^^SO  Riverside  Ave.,  Jacksonville, 

i.  Florida. 

Paee,  Mes.  Chas.  E.   (1915) 18  E.  Lafayette  Ave. 

Paeban,  Mes.  Fbank  J.  ( 1908) 144  W.  Lanvale  St. 

Paeean,  William  J.    ( 1903) 124  S.  Charles  St. 

Passano,  Edwabd  B.    (1916) Towson,  Md. 

Pattebson,  J.  LeR.  ( 1909 ) Chilham  Rd.,  Mt.  Washington. 

Patton,  Mes.  James  H.  (1913) Guilford  Manor  Apts. 

Paul.  Mes.  D'Aecy  ( 1909 ) "Woodlands,"  Gorsuch  Ave. 

*Peabce,  James  A.,  LL.  D.  (1902) Chestertown,  Md. 

Peaebe,  Aubeey,  Je.    ( 1906) 207  N.  Calvert  St. 

Peaeee,  Geoege  a.    ( 1919) P.  O.  Box  444,  Cumberland,  Md. 

*Pegbam,  Wm.  M.   ( 1909 ) U.  S.  Fidelity  and  Guaranty  Co. 

Penniman,  Thos.  D.    ( 1911 ) 922   Cathedral  St. 

Pennington,  De.   Clapham    (1917)  ...  .1530  Bolton  St. 

Pennington,  Josias   ( 1894 ) Professional  Building. 

Pennington,  Mes.  Josias    (1916) 1119  St.  Paul  St. 

7 


98  MARYLAND    HISTOEICAL    MAGAZINE. 

Pentz,  Mes.  Bettie  F.   (1919) 1646  E.  Fayette  St. 

Pebine,   E.   Glenn    ( 1882) 18  E.  Lexington  St. 

Peeine,  Mrs.  George  Coebin   (1916) ..  .1124  Cathedral  St. 

Perine,  Washington    (1917) 607  Cathedral  St. 

Perkins,  Elisha  H.    ( 1887 ) Provident  Savings  Bank. 

Perkins,  William  H.,  Je.  ( 1887) 1010  Munsey  Bldg. 

Petee,  Robeet  B.    ( 1916 ) Rockville,  Md. 

Phenis,   Albert    ( 1919) \  Manufacturers  Record    South 

(  and  Water  Sts. 

PiETSCH,  Andeew  J.    ( 1919) 2505  Garrison  Ave. 

Pitt,  Faeis  C.   ( 1908) 912  N.  Charles  St. 

Pitt,  Heebebt  St.  John  (1915) 912  N.  Charles  St. 

Platt,  Waltee  B.,  M.  D.    (1919) 802  Cathedral  St. 

Pleasants,  J.  Hall,  Je.,  M.  D.   (1898).  201  Longwood  Road,  Roland  Park 

POLLITT,  L.  Ieving    ( 1916) 1715  Park  Place. 

Post,  A.  H.  S.   (1916) Mercantile  Trust  and  Deposit  Co. 

Poultney,  Walter  De  C.   (1916) St.  Paul  and  Mulberry  Sts. 

Powell,  Wm.  C.    (1912) Snow  Hill,  Md. 

Powell,  Mrs.  William  M.   (1919) Canterbury  Hall. 

tPowELL,  Mrs.  Wm.  S.  ( 1916) Ellicott  City,  Md. 

Preston,  James  H.    ( 1898) 916  Munsey  Bldg. 

Peettyman,  Charles  W.  ( 19t)9 ) Rockville,  Md. 

Peice,  De.  Eldridge  C.  (1915) 1012  Madison  Ave. 

Price,  William  H.  J.  ( 1917) 825  Equitable  Building. 

PuBDUM,  Bradley  K.   (1902) Hamilton,  Md. 

*Raboeg,  Edward  L.  ( 1918) Hotel  Rennert. 

Radcltete,  Geo.  L.  P.,  Pn.  D.  (1908)  . .  .615  Fidelity  Building. 

Ranck,  Samuel  H.   ( 1898) Public  Lib'y,  Grand  Rapids,  Mich. 

Randall,  Blanchabd  ( 1902) 200  Chamber  of  Commerce  Bldg. 

Randall,  Mrs.  Blanchard    (1919) Cloud-Capped,  Catonsville. 

Randall,  Daniel  R.    (1917) 841  Calvert  Building. 

Randolph,  George  F.  ( 1916) B.  &  0.   Building. 

Rawlings,  J.  Soule  (1920) 1729  Bolton  St. 

Rawls,  W.  L.   (1905) 700  Maryland  Trust  Building. 

Raynee,  A.  W.   ( 1905) 610-611  Fidelity  Building. 

Rede,  Wyllys,  D.  D.    ( 1919) 210  W.  Madison  Ave. 

Redwood,  Mes.  Mary  B.   (1907) 918  Madison  Ave. 

Reed,  Mes.  Emilie  McKim  ( 1909) 512  Park  Ave. 

Reese,  Mes.  J.  Evan   ( 1917) 110  Edgevale  Road,  Roland  Park. 

*Reifsnider,  John  M.  (1895) Public  Service  Commission  of  Md. 

Remington,  Stanley  G.   ( 1920) 347  N.  Charles  St. 

Remsen,  Ira,  LL.  D.   ( 1901 ) Johns  Hopkins  University. 

Renotjf,  Edward    ( 1919 ) Monkton,  Md. 

Retell,  Edward  J.  W.    ( 1916) 1308-09  Fidelity  Bldg. 

Rich,  Mbs.  Edwaed  L.  (1915) Catonsville,  Md. 

Rich,  Edwaed  N.    ( 1916) Union  Trust  Building. 

Richardson,  Albeet  Levin   (1902) The  Donald  Hotel,  Wash.,  D.  C. 


LIST    OF    MEMBERS.  99 

Richardson,  Mbs.  Hester  D.  ( 1901 ) . . .  The  Donald  Hotel,  Wash.,  D.  C. 

Richmond,  Miss  Sarah  E.  (1915) 603  Evesham  Ave.,  Towson,  Md. 

RiDGELT,  Miss  Eliza   ( 1893 ) 825  Park  Ave. 

RiDGELY,  Mrs.  Helen   ( 1895 ) Hampton,  Towson,  Md. 

RiDGELY,  John,  Jr.    ( 1916 ) Towson,  Md. 

RiDGELY,  Martin  E.   (1914) Benson,  Harford  Co.,  Md. 

RiDGELY,  RusTON  M.    (1892) 707  Gaither  Building. 

RiEMAN,  Mrs.  Charles  Ellet  (1909)  j  ^'^mbarton   Farms, 

I  Rodger's  Forge    P.  0.,  Md. 

RiEMAN,  Charles   Ellet    (1898) 14  N.  Eutaw  St. 

RiQGS,  Clinton  L.    ( 1907 ) 606  Cathedral  St. 

RiGGS,   Lawrason    ( 1894) 632  Equitable  Building. 

RiORDAN,   Charles   E.    ( 1907 ) 204  Exchange  Place. 

Ritchie,  Albert  C.  ( 1904) Annapolis,  Md. 

Rttter,  William  L.    (1878) 541  N.  Carrollton  Ave. 

^Roberts,  Mrs.  John  B.  (1916) 1116  St.  Paul  St. 

Robinson,  Ralph    ( 1894) 1310  Continental  Building. 

Robinson,  William  Champin   (1917).. 32  South  Street. 

Rogers,  Mrs.  Henry  W.   (1914) Riderwood  P.  0.,  Balto.  Co.,  Md. 

T,  m  /imii  <  Md.  National  Bank, 

Rollins,  Thornton    (1911) ]  ,  o  i    _i.   o* 

(  Baltimore  and  Calvert   Sts. 

ROHRER,  C.  W.  G.,  M.  D.   (1910) Lauraville  Sta.,  Baltimore,  Md. 

Rose,  Douglas  H.   ( 1898) 10  South  St. 

Rose,  John  C.   ( 1883 ) P.  0.  Building. 

RoszEL,  MAJOR  Beantz  Mayer  ( 1919 )   {  Shenandoah  Valley  Academy, 

'  (  Winchester,  Va. 

ROTJZER,  E.  McCltjee  (1920) Maryland  Casualty  Tower. 

Rumsey,  Charles  L.,  M.D.  (1919) 812  Park  Ave. 

Ruth,  Thos.  De  Coursey   (1916) 1918  F  St.,  N.  W.,  Wash.,  D.  C. 

Ryan,  Wm.  P.  ( 1915) 1825  E.  Baltimore  St. 

Rylaito,  Samuel  P.    ( 1909 ) 810  American  Building. 

tSADTLER,  Mrs.  Geo.  W.    (1908) North  Carolina. 

Sadtler,  Howard  P.   ( 1915) 1163-69  Calvert  Bldg. 

Sadtler,  Mrs.  Rosabella  ( 1902) 1421  Eutaw  Place. 

Sanford,   John  L.    ( 1916) 317  Munsey  Building. 

Sappington,  a.  DeRussy    ( 1897) 733  Title  Building. 

Sattlee,  Mrs.  Edmund  ( 1920) 914  St.  Paul  St. 

Scott,  James  W.    ( 1919) 205  W.  Fayette  St. 

Scully,  Mrs.  Lela  Orme  (1920) Baden,  Md. 

Sears,  Thomas  E.,  M.  D.  (1894) 2741  Guilford  Ave. 

Seeman,  Feedeeick  C.    (1919) 110  Hopkins  Place. 

Sellees,  Miss  Annabel    (1919) 801  N.  Arlington  Ave. 

Sellman,  James  L.  ( 1901 ) Merchants-Mechanics    Nat'I.    Bank. 

Sellman,  Miss  Lucinda  M.   (1919)  . .  .  1419  Linden  Ave. 

Semmes,  John  E.  (1884) 10  E.  Eager  St. 

Semmes,  John  E.  Jr.    ( 1916) 825  Equitable  Building. 

Seth,  Frank  W.   ( 1914) 18  Broadway,  New  York  City. 


100  MAEYLAND    HISTORICAL,    MAGAZINE. 

Seth,  Joseph  B.    ( 1896) Easton,  Md. 

Shannahan,  John  H.  K.    (1919) Sparrows  Point. 

Shippen,  Mrs.  Rebecca  Lwyd  Post..  )  2202  Q  St.,  N.  W.,  Wash.,  D.  C. 

(1893)      I 

Shibk,  Mes.  Ida  M.  (1914) 16  W.  65th  St.,  New  York. 

Sheiveb,  J.  Alexis   ( 1907 ) Wilna,  Harford  Co.,  Md. 

Shoemaker,  Mrs.  Edward   (1919) 1031  N.  Calvert  St. 

Shower,  George  T.,  M.  D.  ( 1913) 3721  Roland  Ave. 

Siix,  Howard   (1897) 11  E.  Pleasant  St. 

Simmons,  Mrs.  H.  B.   ( 1916) Chestertown,  Md. 

SioussAT,  Mrs.  Anna  L.  (1891) Lake  Roland,  Md. 

Sioussat,  St.  George  Leakin    (1912)  ..University  of  Penn.,  Phila.,  Pa. 

Sippel,  Mrs.   John   F.    (1919) 1728  Linden  Ave. 

Skinner,  Mrs.  Harry  G.    (1913) Mt.  Washington,  Md. 

Skinner,    M.   E.    ( 1897 ) 1103  Fidelity  Bldg. 

Skirven,  Percy  G.    ( 1914) 3900  Cottage  Ave. 

Slack.  Eugene  A.    ( 1919) 2629  N.  Charles  St. 

Slade,  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Love  (1920)  . ..  Reisterstown,  Md. 

Sloan,  George  F.    ( 1880 ) Roland  Park. 

Slocum,  Mrs.  George  W.   (1919) 1208  N.  Calvert  St. 

Smith,  Alan  P.  3rd  ( 1920) 18  E.  Madison  St. 

Smith,  Rev.  Chester  Mansfield  (1912)925  Cathedral  St. 

Smith,  Frank  O.  ( 1913) Washington,  D.  C. 

Smith,  John  Donnell  ( 1903) 505   Park  Ave. 

Smith,  Miss  Margaret  M.    (1919)  ...  .1229  Park  Ave. 

Smith,  Rush  W.  Davidge  (1917) 3600  Reisterstown   Road. 

Smith,  Thomas  A.    ( 1909 ) Ridgely,  Caroline  Co.,  Md. 

Smith,  Thomas  Marshall    (1919) 16  Somerset  Rd.,  Roland  Pk. 

Smith,  Tunstall    (1917) The  Preston. 

*Smith,  Mrs.  Walter  Prescott  (1913)  .  18  E.  Madison  St. 

Snowden,  Wilton   ( 1902 ) Central  Savings  Bank  Building. 

*SoLLERS,  Somerville  ( 1905) 1311  John  St. 

Soper,  Hon.  Morris  A.    (1917) The  Marlborough  Apts. 

SoTHORON,  Pinckney  L  (1920) 19  W.  Mt.  Royal  Ave. 

*Spencer,  Richard  H.  ( 1891 ) Earl  Court. 

Stabler,  Edward,  Jb.  ( 1876) 610  Reservoir  St. 

Starr,  Rt.  Rev.  Wm.  E.   (1914) 102  W.  Lafayette  Ave. 

Staton,  Mary  Robinson   (1918) Snow  Hill,  Md. 

Staub,    William    H.    (1919) 809  Hamilton  Terrace. 

Steele,  John  Murray,  M.  D.   (1911)  . .  .Owings  Mills,  Md. 

Steele,  Miss  Margaret  A.    (1917) Port  Deposit,  Md. 

Stein,  Chas.   F.    ( 1905) S.  E.  Cor.  Courtl'd  &  Saratoga  Sts. 

Steiner,  Bernard  C,  Ph.D.  (1892) 1631  Eutaw  Place. 

Sterling,  George  S.   ( 1902 ) 228  Light  St. 

Steuaet,  Miss   M.   Louisa    (1919) 839  Park  Ave. 

Steuart,  Richard  D.    ( 1919) Baltimore  News  Office. 

Stevenson,  H.  M.,  M.  D.   (1904) 1022  W.  Lafayette  Ave. 


LIST    OF    MEMBEKS.  101 

Stewabt,  David  (1886) 1005  N.  Charles  St. 

Stewaet,  Redmond  C.    ( 1916) 207  N.  Calvert  St. 

Stieling,  Rear  Admiral  Yates  ( 1889 )  . .  209  W.  Lanvale  St. 

Stockbbidge,  Henry   ( 1883 ) 11  N.  Calhoun  St. 

Stockbridge,  Henry,  3d  (1917) Ten  Hills,  Md. 

Stockett,  J.  Noble    (1919) 1430  Linden  Ave. 

Stokes,  Miss  Elizabeth  H.  (1920) 619  St.  Paul  St. 

*Stone,  John  T.   (1894) N.  W.  Cor.  Baltimore  &  North  Sts. 

Stork,  John  William   (1914) 424  N.  Charles  St. 

*Stort,  Frederick  W.  (1885) 217  Court  House. 

Stran,  Mrs.  Kate  A.  ( 1900) 1912  Eutaw  Place. 

Strickland,  C.  Hobart   (1916) Guilford  Apartments. 

Stitabt,  .James  E.   ( 1919) Title  Bldg. 

Stuart,  Miss  Sarah  Elizabeth  (1915)  .  Chestertown,  Md. 
Stump,  Mary  Fernandez  de  Velasco  )  t>  i  •     tvtj 

(1917)   f    ^^^^' 

Sturdy,  Henry  Francis    (1913) Annapolis,  Md. 

Sudler,  Miss  Carolina  V.   (1915) 1028  Cathedral  St. 

Summers,  Clinton   ( 1916 ) 101  Roland  Ave. 

SuMWALT,  Mrs.  Mary  H.  (1909) 2921  N.  Calvert  St. 

Sweeny,  Mrs.  Louis  F.   (1919) 2813  St.  Paul  St. 

Symington,  Wm,  W     ( 1916) Catonsville,  Md. 

Talbott,  Mrs.  Bertha  C.  Hall  (1913)  .  Rockville,  Md. 

Taylor,  Archibald  H.  (1909) 405  Maryland  Trust  Building. 

Thayer,  W.  S.,  M.  D.   ( 1902) 406  Cathedral  St. 

Thiblkeld,   Rev.   L.  A.    (1918) 2026  N.  Fulton  Ave. 

Thom,  DeCouecy  W.    ( 1884) 405   Maryland  Trust  Building. 

Thom,  Mrs.  Mary  W.    (1919) 600  Cathedral  St. 

Thom,  Mrs.  P.  Lea   ( 1902) 204  W.  Lanvale  St. 

Thomas,  Miss  Eliza  S.   (1919) 1102  McCuIloh  St. 

Thomas,  Mrs.  Harvey  C.   (1914) 2110  Mt.  Royal  Terrace. 

Thomas,  Geo.  C.   (1915) 2426  N.  Charles  St. 

Thomas,  James  W.,  LL.  D.  ( 1894) Cumberland,  Md. 

Thomas,    John   B.    (1910) S.   E.    Cor.    Charles   and   33rd   Sts. 

Thomas,  William  S.   ( 1915) 1302  Eutaw  Place. 

Thomas,    Miss    Zaidee    T.     (1916) 1302  Eutaw  Place. 

Thompson,  H.  Oliver  (1895) Title  Building. 

Tiffany,  Herbert,  T.    ( 1919) 132  W.  Lafayette  Ave. 

Tiffany,  Mrs.  Louis  McLane  (1920)  . .  831  Park  Ave. 

Ttlqhman,  Oswald  ( 1906 ) Easton,  Md. 

Tilghman,  jMajor  Harbison  (1917)  .  ...Easton,  Md. 

Todd,  W.  J.,  M.  D.  ( 1902 ) Mt.  Washington,  Md. 

ToLSON,  Albert  C.    ( 1916) 82-83  Gunther  Building. 

Tome,   Peter  E.    ( 1919) 2437  N.  Charles  St. 

Tome,  Mrs.  Peter  E.    (1919) 2437  IST.  Charles  St. 

Towers,  Albert  G.  ( 1920) Title  Building. 

Trippe,  James  McC.  ( 1918) 1602  Bolton  St. 


102  MAKTLAND    HISTORICAIi    MAGAZINE. 

Trippe,  Richard    ( 1917) 1116  Munsey  Building. 

Tboupe,  Mrs.  Calvin  Ferris  (1914) St.  Paul  Apartments. 

Troupe,  Rinaldo  W.  B.  (1914) Homewood  Apartments. 

Tbundle,  Mrs.  Wilson  Burns   (1914)  .2414  Madison  Ave. 

Tubman,  Robert  E.  ( 1915) 117  W.  Lombard  St. 

TuRNBULL,  Miss  Anne  Graeme  (1919)  .  1623  Park  Ave. 

TuRNBULL,  Mrs.  Chester  B.   (1916)  . .  .Cedarcroft,  Hollen  &  Sycamore  Sts. 

TuRNBULL,  Edwin  L.   (1916) 12  E.  Lexington  St. 

Turner,   Howard    ( 1916 ) Betterton,  Kent  Co.,  Md. 

Turner,  Rev.  Joseph  Brown  (1915) 75  Main  St.,  Port  Deposit,  Md. 

Turner,  J.  Frank    ( 1903 ) 23  East  North  Ave. 

Tyson,  A.  M.   ( 1895 ) 207  N.  Calvert  St. 

Tyson,   Mrs.   Florence   MacIntyre    K^.^  ^   Preston  St 
(1907)     f  " 

Van  Bibber,  Armfield  F.,  M.  D.  (1918)Belair,  Md. 

VanDtke,  Edwaed  H.,  D.  D.  ( 1920) Westminster,  Md. 

ViCKERY,  E.  M.    ( 1913 ) 1223  N.  Calvert  St. 

Vincent,  John  M.,  Ph.  D.  ( 1894) Johns  Hopkins  University. 

VocKE,  Henby  B.  ( 1920) 103  E.  25th  St. 

Walker,  Mrs.  Catherine  F.  (1915) Chestertown,  Md. 

Wallace,  Chas.  C.   ( 1915) 804  Union  Trust  Bldg. 

Walters,  Henry  (1880) Abell  Building. 

Ward,  Dr.  Geo.  W.  ( 1896) 31  Talbot  Road,  Windsor  Hills. 

*Warfield,  Edwin   ( 1879) Fidelity   Building. 

Warfield,  Edwin,  Jr.   ( 1914) Fidelity  Building. 

Waefield,  Mrs.  Edwin   ( 1919) Oakdale,  Howard  Co.,  Md. 

Warfield,  Miss  Emma   (1919) Oakdale,  Howard  Co.,  Md. 

Waefield,   F.  Howard    (1919) 2507  N.  Charles  St. 

Warfiexd.   George    (1913) 624  N.  Carroll  ton  Ave. 

Warfield,  John    ( 1916 ) 15  E.  Saratoga  St. 

Warfield,  Miss  Nina  H.   (1919) 10  E.  Madison  St. 

*Warfield,  Ridgely  B.    (1907) 845  Park  Ave. 

Warfield,  S.  Da  vies  (1902) 40  Continental  Trust  Building. 

Warner,  Mrs.   Theodore    (1919) 843   University   Parkway. 

Waters,  Francis  E.    (1909) 905  Union  Trust  Building. 

Waters,  J.  Seymour  T.  (1902) 222  St.  Paul  St. 

Waters,  Miss  Mary  E.  ( 1916) London,  England. 

Watters,  Robinson  C.    (1919) Fidelity  Bldg. 

Watts,  J.  Clinton  ( 1914) 2035  Guilford  Ave. 

Watts,  Sewell  S.    ( 1916 ) Calvert  and  Redwood  Sts. 

Weaver,  Jacob  J.,  Jr.,  M.  D.  (1889) Uniontovm,  Md. 

Webber,  Charles  R.  ( 1920) B.  and  0.  Building. 

Wellee,  0.  E.    ( 1919) Wardman  Park  Inn,  Wash.,  D.  C. 

Wells,  Jacob  Bier  ( 1918) 1323  Park  Ave. 

Welsh,  Mrs.  Robert  A.  (1916) Millersville,  A.  A.  Co.,  Md. 

West,  Harry   ( 1916 ) Hanover  and  Fayette  Sts. 


LIST    OF    MEMBEES.  .  103 

West,  Henry  S.    ( 1919) Towson, 

West,  Mrs.  Henky  S.    ( 1919) Towson. 

Weston,  B.  Latkobe    ( 1919) U.  S.  Fidelity  and  Guarantee  Co. 

Wettee,  John  King    ( 1917 ) 1631  N.  Calvert  St. 

Whitakek,  W.  Price  ( 1920) Chesapeake  City,  Md. 

White,  Mrs.  George  Howard,  Jr.      i  „^_  c,^  -r,     ,  ^, 

(1920)    }  907  St.  Paul  St. 

White,  Harry  P.   (1919) Dames  Quarter,  Somerset  Co.,  Md. 

White,  Julian  Le  Roy  ( 1887 ) 2400  W.  North  Ave. 

White,  Miles,  Jr.  ( 1897 ) 607  Keyser  Building. 

Whiteley,  J.  Holmes  (1920) 1008  N.  Charles  St. 

Whitmore,  Eev.  Clarence  Willard    >  oj.  at      j   ^  .l     ,,, 

(1920)    ;  St.  Mary's  City,  Md. 

Whithidge,  Morris   ( 1890) 10  South  St. 

Whitridge,  William   (1919) 4112   Greenway,  Guilford. 

Whithidge,  William  H.  ( 1886) 604  Cathedral  St. 

Whitridge,  Mrs.  Wm.  H.  (1911) 604  Cathedral  St. 

Wilkinson,  A.  L.,  M.  D.   (1910) Raspeburg,  Balto.  Co.,  Md. 

Will,  Allen  S.   ( 1910) 2620  N.  Calvert  St. 

Willard,  Daniel  ( 1913 ) B.  &  O.  Building. 

Williams,  IVIr.  E.  A.  (1920) P.  O.  Box.  1023,  Baltimore. 

Williams,    Miss    Elizabeth    Chew    |  -.^^  ^  „„,, 

Williamd,  Fred  R.  ( 1914) 213  Courtland  St. 

Williams,  George  Weems   (1919) 108  W.  39th  St. 

Williams,  Henry  W.  ( 1891 ) 1113  Fidelity  Building. 

Williams,  N.  Winslow    (1896) 1113  Fidelity  Building. 

Williams,  R.  Lancaster  (1919) Equitable  Bldg. 

Williams,  Raymond  S.   ( 1917) 1109  Calvert  Bldg. 

Williams,  Stevenson  A.  ( 1914) Belair,  Md. 

Williams,  T.  J.  C.  ( 1907 ) Juvenile  Court. 

Williamson,  R.  E.  Lee  ( 1918) Maple  Lodge,  Catonsville,  Md. 

WnxsoN,  Mrs.  Notley   (1917) ^  Rock  Hall,  Md. 

Wilson,  Miss  Adelaide  S.   (1919) 1013  St.  Paul  St. 

Wilson,  J.  Appleton   ( 1893 ) SOT)  Law  Building. 

Wilson,  Mrs.  J.  Appleton   (1919) 1013  St.  Paul  St. 

Wilson,  Mrs.  Letitia  Pennell  (1917)  .2608  Keyworth  Ave. 

Wilson,  Mrs.  William  T.   (1898) 1129  St.  Paul  St. 

Winchester,  Marshall   (1902) Fayette  &   St.   Paul,   S.   W. 

Winchester,   William    ( 1880) Belvedere  Hotel. 

WooDALL,  Casper  G.    ( 1909 ) American   OflBce. 

Woodruff,  Caldwell,  M.  D.  (1914) Hyattsville,  Md. 

Woods,  Hiram,  M.  D.   ( 1911 ) 842  Park  Ave. 

Woods,  Mrs.  Hiram  ( 1920) 842  Park  Ave. 

WooTTON,  W.  H.  ( 1905) 10  South  St. 

WoBTHiNGTON,  CLAUDE  (1905) 110  Chamber  of  Commerce. 

WoBTHiNGTON,  Ellicott  H.    (1917) 1531  Bolton  St. 


104  MARYLAND    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

WORTHINGTO]Sr,   THOMAS   ChEW,   M.  D.      )   ooon  "D  td       j     -n^  ^  "O      1 

'                             '  >  3830  Bonner  Road,  Forest  Park. 

(1920)    t 

Wboth,  Lawrence  C.   ( 1909 ) 215  E.  Preston  St, 

Wyatt,  J.  B.  Noel  i  1889) 1012  Keyser  Building.  , 

Yellott,  Osborne  Ingle    (1919) 609  Calvert  Bldg. 

Young,  Andrew  J.  Jr.    ( 1916) 814  Fidelity  Building. 

YotJNG,  Hugh  Hampton,  M.  D.  (1919)  .  .Cor.  Bidgeley  and  Bu&h  Sts. 

*YouNG,  Louis  F.   ( 1916) Cold  Spring  Lane. 

Young,  Mrs.  Sarah  J.  Gobsuoh  (1917)  .214  Chancery  St.,  Guilford. 


/ol.  XVI 


JUNE,    1921 


No.  2 


MARYLAND 
HIST 


p 


CAL 
MAGAZINE 


PimLISHED  BY 

THE  MARYLAND  fflSTORICAL  SOCIETY 


ISSUED    QUARTEltor 

ANNUAL  SUBSCRIPTION,  t3.00-SINGLE  I^UMBERS,  75cts. 


BALTIMORE 


STATEMENT  OF  THE  OWNERSHIP,  MANAGEMENT,  CIRCULATION, 
ETC.,  REQUIRED  BY  THE  ACT  OF  CONGRESS  OF  AUGUST  24,  1912, 


Of  Maryland  Historical  Magazine,  published  quarterly  at  Baltimore,  Md., 
for  April  1,  1921. 

State  of  Maryland,  City  of  Baltimore,  ss. 

Before  me,  a  Notary  Public,  in  and  for  the  State  and  county  aforesaid, 
personally  appeared  Louis  H.  Dielman,  who  having  been  duly  sworn  ac- 
cording to  law,  deposes  and  says  that  he  is  the  Editor  of  the  Maryland 
Historical  Magazine  and  that  the  following  is  to  the  best  of  his  knowledge 
and  belief,  a  true  statement  of  the  ownership,  management,  etc.,  of  the 
aforesaid  publication  for  the  date  shown  in  the  above  caption,  required 
by  the  Act  of  August  24,  1912,  embodied  in  section  443,  Postal  LsCws  and 
Regulations,  printed  on  the  reverse  of  this  form,  to  wit: 

1.  That  the  namet  and  addresses  of  the  publisher,  editor,  managiBg 
editor,   and   business  managers   are: 

Publisher,  Maryland  Historical  Society,  Baltimore,  Md.  Editor,  L^uis 
H.  Dielman.     Managing  Editor,  none.     Business  Managers,  none. 

2.  That  the  owners  are:  (Give  names  and  addresses  of  Individ aal 
owners,  or,  if  a  corporation,  give  its  name  and  the  names  and  addresses 
of  stockholders  owning  or  holding  1  per  cent  or  more  of  the  total  amount 
of  stock.) 

JNIaryland  Historical  Society.  Xo  stock.  Organ  of  the  Society,  pub- 
lished solely  for  the  diffusion  of  historical  information,  and  disiributed  to 
the  membership. 

3.  That  the  known  bondholders,  mortgagees,  and  other  security  holders 
owning  or  holding  1  per  cent  or  more  of  total  amount  of  bonds,  mort- 
gages, or  other  securities  are:  (If  there  are  none,  so  state.)     None, 

Louis  H,  Dielman, 

Editor. 

Sworn  to  and  subscribud  before  me  this  31st  day  of  March,  1921. 
[Seal]  Edward  Sipple, 

Notary  Public. 


ARCHIVES  OF  MARYLAND 

Published,    "by    authority    of  the    State 


VOLUME  XXXIX 


This  volume  is  now  ready  for  distribution,  and  contains  the  Acts 
and  Proceedings  of  the  General  Assembly  of  the  Province,  during 
the  Sessions  held  from  1732/3  to  1736.  During  this  period,  Samuel 
Ogle  was  Governor,  and  he  met  difficult  situations  with  tact  and 
firmness.  In  1733,  a  very  important  act  was  passed  for  emitting 
bills  of  credit,  under  which  a  considerable  amount  of  paper  money 
was  issued,  with  such  wise  measures  for  the  establishment  of  a 
sinking  fund,  that  the  bills  were  finally  redeemed.  An  important 
militia  act  was  passed,  as  also  was  one  for  the  improvement  of  the 
navigation  of  the  Patuxent  River,  Towns  were  erected  at  Elkridge 
Landing,  on  the  site  of  Princess  Anne,  etc.  A  general  law  for  the 
relief  of  insolvent  debtors  completes  the  important  legislation  of 
the    Session. 

The  Session  of  1733/4  lasted  only  six  days,  when  the  Governor 
dissolved  the  Assembly,  because  the  Lower  House  expelled  four 
members,  who  had  accepted  office  from  the  Proprietary. 

A  year  later,  a  new  Assembly  was  convened  without  great  change 
in  the  membership.  It  did  the  surprising  act  of  electing  Daniel 
Dulany,  one  of  the  expelled  members,  as  its  speaker,  and,  when 
he  declined,  chose  James  Harris,  a  new  member,  though  Colonel 
John  Mackall,  the  old  speaker  had  been  re-elected  to  the  Assembly. 

A  general  naturalization  law  was  then  passed,  and  the  importa- 
tion of  negroes,  "Irish  Papists,"  and  liquors  was  restricted.  The 
act  concerning  ordinaries  was  revised,  and  a  license  was  required 
from  peddlars.  A  duty  was  laid  for  the  purchase  of  arms  and 
ammunition. 

In  1735/6  a  second  Session,  styled  a  Convention,  was  held  with- 
out any  legislation,  since  the  Houses  fell  out  with  each  other, 
over  the  question  of  allowances  to  the  Councillors.  After  a  proroga- 
tion of  ten  days,  the  Houses  re-assembled,  and,  in  a  short  time, 
passed  a  considerable  number  of  laws,  some  of  which  had  been 
discussed  at  the  earlier  meeting.  Among  these,  were  acts  to 
remedy  the  evil  conditions  of  the  Annapolis  jail  by  building  a  new 
one,  to  erect  Georgetown  and  Fredericktown  on  the  Sassafras 
River,  to  encourage  adventurers  in  iron  works,  and  to  amend  the 
laws  in  regard  to  the  inspection  and  sale  of  tobacco.  The  ques- 
tion as  to  the  Councillors'  allowances  was  settled  by  a  compromise, 
and  the  disturbances  along  the  Pensylvania  boundary  line,  which 
are  associated  with  the  name  of  Captain  Thomas  Cresap,  find  echo 
in  the  legislative  proceedings. 

The  attention  of  members  of  the  Society  who  do  not  now  receive 
the  Archives  is  called  to  the  liberal  provision  made  by  the  Legis- 
lature, which  permits  the  Society  to  furnish  to  its  own  members 
copies  of  the  volumes,  as  they  are  published  from  year  to  year,  at 
the  mere  cost  of  paper,  press  work,  and  binding,  this  cost  is  at 
present  fixed  at  one  dollar,  at  which  price  members  of  the  Society 
may  obtain  one  copy  of  each  volume  published  during  the  period 
of  their  membership.  For  additional  copies,  and  for  volumes  pub- 
lished before  they  became  members,  the  regular  price  of  three  dol- 
lars is  charged. 


THE    MARYLAND 
HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 


INCORPORATED    1843. 


OFFICERS. 

President, 

W.  HALL  HAREIS. 

Yice-Presidents, 

HENRY  STOCKBRIDGE,  DeOOURCY  W.   THOM, 

VAN  LEAR  BLACK. 

Corresponding  Secretary,  Recording  Secretary, 

J.  APPLETON  WILSON,  GEORGE  L.  RADCLIFFE. 

Treasii,rer, 
HEYWARD  E.  BOYCE. 

THE    COUNCIL. 

The  General  Officebs 
AND  Representatives  of  Standing  Committees: 

Representing  the  Trustees  of  the  Athenaeum. 
"  Committee  on  Publication. 

"  Committee  on  the  Library. 

"  Committee  on  Finance. 

"  Committee  on  Membership. 

"  Committee  on  the  Gallery. 

"  Committee  on  Addresses. 

"  Committee  on  Genealogy. 


CLINTON  L.  RIGGS, 
JOHN  M.  VINCENT, 
RICHARD  M.  DUVALL, 
PHILLIPS  L.  GOLDSBOROUGH 
McHENRY  HOWARD, 
RUXTON  M.  RIDGELY, 
JAMES  McC.  TRIPPE, 
BERNARD  B.  BRO\^^^E,  M.  D. 


1866. 
1892. 
1909. 
1915. 
1916. 
1916. 
1916. 

1919. 
1920. 


BENEFACTORS  OF  THE  SOCIETY 

GEORGE  PEABODY, Gift,    . 

J.  HENRY  STICKNEY, Bequest, 

ISAAC  F.  NICHOLSON, Gift,    . 

MENDES  COHEN, Bequest, 

ISAAC  HENRY  FORD, Bequest, 

ISAAC  TYSON  NORRIS, Gift,     . 

MRS.  MARY  WASHINGTON  KEYSER, 

iGift  of  the  buildings  and  grounds  of  the  Society. 
MISS  ELEANOR  S.  COHEN,  .  .  Historical  Relics  and  $300 
HON.   HENRY   STOCKBRIDGE,        .     Gift,         ....         1,000 


$20,000 
1,000 
1,000 
5,000 
1,000 
1,000 


CONTENTS. 


Page 
The   Baxtimobe  County   "  Gaeeison  "   and   the   Old   Garrison 

Roads.     William  B.  Marye, 105 

Some  Letters  from  Correspondence  of  James  Alfred  Peabce. 

Edited  by  Bernard  C.  Steiner, 150 

Some  Early  Colonial  Marylanders.    MoHenry  Howard,      -        -  179 

The  Calvert  Family.    Part  II.    John  Bailey  Calvert  Nicklin,      -  189 

Extracts  from  the  Annual  Report  of  the  Gallery  Committee 

OF  the  Maryland  Historical  Society,      ....  204 


Committee  on  Publications 

SAMUEL  K.  DENNIS,  Chairman. 
JOHN  M.  VINCENT,  BERNARD  C.  STEINER. 


LOUIS  H.  DIELMAN, 
Editor. 


MAEYLAND 
HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE 

Vol.  XVI.  JUNE,  1921.  No.  2 


THE  BALTIMORE  COUNTY  "GARRISON"  AND  THE 
OLD  GARRISON  ROADS  ^ 

William  B.  Marye 


The  following  is  the  story  of  the  Baltimore  County  "  rang- 
ers " — of  that  small  body  of  men  which,  late  in  the  seventeenth 
century,  was  called  into  service  to  patrol  the  wilderness,  and  to 
guard,  or  to  forewarn,  the  frontier  plantations  of  the  county, 
which  at  that  time  lay  within  or  bordered  the  region  of  tidal 
estuaries,  against  incursions  and  raids  of  Indians.  It  is  an 
account,  so  far  as  we  have  been  able  to  put  it  together  from  scat- 
tered and  rather  scanty  records,  of  the  fort  called  "  The  Garri- 
son," which  they  built  at  the  head  of  one  of  the  branches  of 
Jones  Falls,  of  the  roads  through  the  forest  which  they  laid  out 
or  adapted  to  their  use,  and  of  the  several  stations  or  outposts, 
which  they  erected  at  intervals  on  these  roads.  Lastly  this 
article  contains  a  theory  of  Indian  roads  offered  in  explanation 

^  T^e  late  Reverend  Dr.  George  Leakin  and  Dr.  George  Archer  made  in- 
dependently extensive  researches  on  the  above  subjects;  but,  as  far  as  I  am 
aware,  the  results  of  these  researches  were  never  fully  published.  I  had 
the  privilege  of  reading  most  of  Dr.  Arclier's  notes,  which  are  now  the 
property  of  the  Harford  County  Historical  Society,  and  have  been  deposited 
for  safety  with  the  Maryland  Historical  iSociety ;  and  I  am  indebted  to  Dr. 
Archer  for  one  or  two  theories,  for  which  I  will  give  due  credit  in  the 
proper  place. 

105 


106  MARYLAND   HISTOKICAL   MAGAZINE. 

of  the  motives  which  determined  the  choice  of  the  site  of  the 
"  Garrison,"  as  well  as  of  other  facts  which  otherwise  may  have 
to  remain  unexplained. 

The  protection  of  outlying  settlements  of  the  Western  Shore 
from  Indian  forays  was,  in  the  seventeenth  century,  a  matter 
of  grave  concern  to  the  people  of  Maryland,  and  companies  or 
patrols  of  "  rangers  "  were  early  employed  for  this  purpose. 
These  rangers  were  not  at  first  a  standing  military  body,  but 
were  raised  only  in  time  of  emergency,  and  were  afterwards 
disbanded.  In  the  year  1675  the  Council  desired  the  consent 
of  the  Governor  to  an  order  "  that  twenty  men  and  horse  be  kept 
out  ranging  between  Petapsco  and  Potomack  untill  the  Gover- 
nor's order  to  the  contrary,  and  that  the  commander  that  shall 
be  appointed  by  the  Governor  have  power  to  presse  horses  armes 
ammunition  and  provisions  wherever  he  come."  (Md.  Archives, 
xv^  58).  In  1676  it  was  ordered  by  the  Governor  and  Council 
"  that  Capt.  John  Allen  doe  continue  to  range  above  Pascatta- 
way  and  over  towards  Petuxent  with  thirty  horse  till  ordered  to 
the  contrary."  (Md.  Arch.,  xv,  92).  In  1681  it  was  proposed 
to  raise  a  standing  troop  of  rangers  in  each  county  to  protect 
frontier  settlements  against  the  Indians.  (Md.  Arch.,  vii,  154- 
155).2 

At  a  Council  held  at  the  house  of  John  Larkin  in  Anne 
Arundel  County  August  16th,  1692,  Captain  Thomas  Rich- 
ardson ^  was  appointed  Chief  Ranger  for  part  of  Baltimore 
County,  namely,  "  from  the  falls  of  Back  River  (i.  e.  Herring 
Run)  upward  to  the  extent  of  the  said  country."  Thomas 
Hooker  was  appointed  ranger  from  the  falls  of  Back  River 
downward  to  the  extent  of  the  county.  The  next  day  the  Coun- 
cil issued  the  following  order :  "  that  the  Rangers  appointed  to 

^  Thomas  iLytfoot  was  appointed  iChief  Ranger  for  Baltimore  County  on 
April  12th,  16'83  ('Baltimore  County  Court  Proceedings,  Liber  G,  No.  1, 
1693-1696,  i.  195).     He  was  also  Surveyor  for  Baltimore  County. 

'  I  have  had  occasion  to  mention  iiito  in  former  articles.  He  lived  on 
the  south  side  of  Gunpowder  River.  At  the  time  when  he  was  appointed 
Chief  Ranger  he  was  also  commissioned  Surveyor  for  Baltimore  County. 


THE    BALTIMORE    COUNTY    "  GAREISON."  107 

watch  and  guard  the  Frontiers  of  the  Province  be  still  con- 
tinued and  that  Captain  Thomas  Richardson  with  twelve  men 
under  his  Command  be  appointed  to  range  on  the  Frontiers  of 
Baltimore  County."      (Md.  Arch.,  viii,  339,  353). 

The  following  order  was  issued  by  a  Council  held  at  Saint 
Mary's  October  6th,  1692:  "Ordered  that  six  men  with  two 
Officers  be  appointed  in  the  most  considerable  and  exposed 
Places  on  the  Frontiers  vizt  Captain  Richd  Brightwell  with  six 
men  under  his  command  well  armed  &  provided  to  range  from 
the  head  &  Branches  of  Pottomuck  to  the  branches  of  Potuxent 
one  other  with  six  men  more  armed  &ca  as  aforesd  from  the  head 
of  Pottuxent  to  the  head  of  Pottapsico  and  one  more  with  the 
like  number  of  men  from  thence  to  the  head  of  Susquehanno 
River  *  to  be  nominated  and  appointed,  as  also  their  pay  agreed 
for  and  acertained,  by  his  Excellency  the  Governor."  (Md. 
Arch.,YUi,  378). 

At  a  Council  held  at  Saint  Peter's  October  14th,  1692,  the 
following  order  concerning  rangers  was  issued: 

"  Rangers  appointed  for  the  year  ensuing  upon  the  Frontiers 
of  this  Province  vizt 

"  'Captain  Richard  Brightwell  with  six  men  from  the  Falls 
of  Pottomuck  to  the  Branches  of  Pottuxen  Captain  Thomas 
Richardson  from  the  Freshes  of  Pottuxen  to  the  falls  of  Potap- 
sicoe  with  six  men  Captain  James  Maxwell  from  the  Falls  of 
Potapsicoe  to  Susquhanno  River  with  six  men  to  be  paid  men 
and  Officers  p  Ratio  as  in  Virginia."     (Md.  Arch.,  viii,  398). 

At  a  Council  held  at  Saint  Peter's  near  Saint  Mary's  March 
9th,  1692,  the  following  resolutions  respecting  rangers  were 
passed :  "  Advised  therupon  and  resolved  by  the  Board  that 
three  Forts  be  forthwith  erected  in  each  of  which  a  dwelling 
House  sufficient  to  retain  and  accomodate  a  Captain  or  Com- 
mander and  nine  Souldiers  together  with  a  small  Cabbin  for  four 
Indians  to  be  found  and  sent  thither  by  the  Emperor  of  Nante- 

*  Thiis  expression  is,  of  course,  not  to  be  taken  literally.  It  meant  some 
part  of  the  river  at  or  not  many  miles  above  the  liead  of  tidewater. 


108  MARYLAND   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

coke  the  Emperor  of  Pascattoway  and  the  King  of  Choptico  the 
said  three  Forts  to  be  erected  &  built  one  in  Charles  County 
by  the  Direction  and  appointment  of  Captain  John  Addison 
one  in  Anne  Arundell  County  at  the  direction  &  appointment 
of  Coll  !N'icholas  Greenberry  &  the  other  about  the  Falls  of 
Potapsicoe  towards  or  near  Susquehannoh  River  in  Baltimore 
County  that  Captain  Richard  Brightwell  command  the  Fort  at 

Charles  County  Capt.  at  Anne  Arundell  and  Captain 

Thomas  Richardson  that  in  Baltemore  County,  ordered  also  that 
the  aforesaid  Captain  John  Addison  and  Coll  Nicholas  Green- 
berry  be  desired,  authorised  and  empowered  to  press  and  pro- 
cure Carpenters  work  labourers  provision  tools  and  other  neces- 
sarys  for  erecting  and  building  the  said  Forts  and  that  they 
have  assurance  given  them  from  this  Board  of  being  satisfied 
and  paid  for  the  same  at  the  publick  charge  to  be  allowed  p  rato 
at  the  price  current  when  such  things  are  got  and  procured. 
Ordered  also  that  Captain  John  Addison  be  and  he  is  hereby 
desired  authorised  and  empowered  to  treat  with  and  procure 
of  the  Emperor  of  Pascattaway  four  of  his  Indians  for  the  Fort 
at  Charles  County,  as  also  with  the  Kings  of  Mattawoman  and 
Choptico  for  two  of  their  Indians  (vizt)  each  of  them  one  for 
the  Fort  in  Anne  Arund^^,  and  that  a  Letter  be  likewise  writ 
to  Coll^  Charles  Hutchins  of  Dorset  County  acquainting  him 
with  the  proceedings  of  this  Board  for  the  safeguard  and  secur- 
ity of  the  Inhabitants  of  this  Province  &  the  Indians  our 
Friends  desiring  and  empowering  him  also  to  treat  with  and 
engage  the  Emperor  of  I^antecoke  to  afford  and  assist  us  with 
six  of  his  Indians  (vizt)  two  for  the  Fort  in  Anne  Arundell 
and  four  for  that  of  Baltemore  County  the  said  Indians  to  be 
relieved  and  their  Places  to  be  supplyed  with  others  from  time 
to  time  as  the  said  Emperors  and  Kings  to  whom  they  respect- 
ively belong  shall  think  fit  the  said  Indians  are  likewise  to  be 
employed  in  Hunting  and  Killing  Deer  and  other  Game  for 
the  use  and  accommodation  of  the  Forts  to  which  they  shall 
Respectively  be  assign'd  and  to  be  paid  for  the  same  ready  down 
at  the  Fort  in  Match  Coats  to  be  Purpose  (?)  at  the  usuall  & 


THE    BALTIMORE    COUNTY    "  GARRISON."  109 

common  rates  as  they  are  allowed  in  other  places  where  they 
have  used  to  hunt  or  be  employed."  {Md.  Arch.,  viii,  461-462). 
The  three  forts,  the  erection  of  which  was  provided  for  in 
the  foregoing  order  of  Council  can,  so  far  as  the  author's 
researches  have  gone,  neither  be  located  to  a  certainty,  nor 
identified  with  any  known  to  have  been  erected,  the  situation 
of  which  is  known.  The  author  has  found  no  clue  whatever 
to  the  location  of  any  fort  in  Anne  Arundel  County.  The  fort 
in  Charles  County  may  have  stood  at  the  place  where,  a  few 
years  later,  the  "  garrison  "  of  the  men  who  ranged  between 
Potomac  and  Patapsco  Rivers  was  situated,  that  is,  at  New 
Scotland,  at  the  falls  of  Potomac  River,  probably  at  or  near 
Georgetown,  on  land  belonging  to  Colonel  John  Addison  and 
William  Hutchinson.^    The  fort  in  Baltimore  County  may  have 

"References  to  the  "garrison"  at  New  Scotland  at  the  Fa:lls  of  Potomac 
River  will  be  found  in  Maryland  Archives,  xxn,  pp.  22,  90;  xxiii,  pp.  305, 
327.  In  1697  a,  new  fort  was  ordered  to  be  erected  at  the  "Garrison" 
at  New  Scotland  on  the  hill  above  the  fort  already  erected,  which  is  called 
the  "  new  fort."  There  must  have  been  built  in  all  at  least  two  forts  at 
thiis  place.  It  was  arranged  with  the  Virginia  rangers  that  they  should 
keep  gamison  at  Ousley's  plantation  in  iStafford  County,  "  whereby  the 
Rangers  on  this  side  the  Potomac  may  easily  have  communicatiion  w<ith 
them  "{Md.  Archives,  xxiii,  234).  At  a  -Council  held  October  16th,  1797, 
the  following  order  was  passed  relative  to  the  Garrison  at  Potomac  River: 

"  Coll  Addison  &  Mr.  Hutchins  owners  of  the  land  where  the  Garrison 
is  kept  being  asked  whether  the  Rangers  may  have  leave  to  plant  corn  in 
any  of  those  Indian  fields  &  clear  the  hill  there  near  the  ffort.  Do  make  An- 
swer that  they  may  ffreely  do  the  same  wth  out  any  disturbance.  "  Ordered 
that  a  ffort  be  built  upon  the  top  of  the  sd.  Hill  near  the  other  ffort  and 
tht  the  said  Hill  be  cleared  by  the  Souldiers  at  the  Garrison ;  and  that  the 
Honoble  iColl  Jno  Addison  take  care  to  gett  a  house  built  there,  at  the 
cheapest  rate  he  can;  but  that  he  do  not  actually  build  the  same  till  he 
see  whether  the  Indians  return  thither  or  not;  yet  however  that  he  gett 
the  timber  ready  for  the  stockadoes  and  see  tht  the  hill  be  cleared  "  { Md. 
Archives,  xxni,  247 ) . 

The  allusion  to  the  expected  return  of  Indians  to  the  Garrison  on 
Potomac  evidently  has  reference  to  the  Piscattaways,  who,  early  in 
1697,  absconded  from  the  province  and  settled  in  the  mountains  at  the 
head  of  Opequon  River  in  Virginia  {Md.  Archives,  xix,  566).  Many  and, 
for  a  time  futile,  efforts  were  made  to  induce  the  Indians  to  return.  The 
proposed  fort  may  have  been  intended  for  them  to  occupy. 


110  MARYLAND    HISTOKICAL    MAGAZINE. 

been  built  on  or  near  tbe  site  of  "  The  Garrison."  It  may  even 
have  been  identical  with  "  The  Garrison."  The  language  of 
the  order  affecting  its  erection  is  confusing,  but  it  appears  to 
mean  that  the  fort  might  be  built  anywhere  between  Patapsco 
and  Susquehanna  Rivers. 

At  a  Council  held  at  Battle  Town  June  14th,  1694,  an  order 
was  issued  "  that  Captain  John  Addison  take  care  to  Raise  ffive 
men  &  a  Captain  to  Range  from  the  ffalls  of  Potomock  to  the 
ffalls  of  Petuxent  or  in  other  places  where  it  shall  be  Needful 
to  make  quest  after  all  skulking  Indians  and  that  the  said 
Rangers  be  placed  where  the  said  Capt  Addison  shall  direct; 
to  be  continued  till  the  last  of  October."  At  the  same  time  an 
order  was  issued  to  Colonel  Greenbury  to  raise  twelve  men  for 
rangers,  six  for  Anne  Arundel  County  and  six  for  Baltimore 
County.      (Md.  Archives,  xx,  68). 

On  February  28th,  1694/5,  John  Oldton  was  appointed  cap- 
tain of  the  Baltimore  County  rangers.  A  month  later  he  ren- 
dered the  following  report  to  Colonel  Nicholas  Greenberry : 

"  Whereas  his  Ex'^^y  the  Governor  at  a  Council  held  ffeb'^y 
the  28th  day  1694  was  pleased  to  nominate  &  appoint  one  John 
Oldton  to  have  the  Conduct  &  Charge  of  Six  Rangers  for  Balti- 
more County  and  the  said  Six  men  to  be  Raised  by  me  for  the 
service  of  Ranging;  &  the  names  of  the  said  persons  be  given 
unto  Nicholas  Greenberry  ffor  his  Approbation  Therein,  and 
in  Obedience  to  the  aboves'^  Order  I  doe  present  unto  the  said 
Greenberry  these  persons  hereafter  Named ;  ^  Daniell  Welsh, 

'The  names  of  the  rangers  who  served  under  Captain  Richard  Brightwell 
in  1692  will  he  found  in  Md.  Archives,  viii,  445, 

The  Potomac  Rdver  "  Garrison  "  may  have  been  situated  on  a  tract  of 
759  acres  called  "  Whitehaven  "  surveyed  for  John  Addison  and  William 
Hutchinson  April  9th,  1689,  and  described  in  the  Charles  iCounty  Rent  Roll- 
as  beginning  "  at  a  bounded  black  oak  on  ye  side  of  ye  first  fall  of  Poto- 
mack  ye  first  bounded  tree  of  Lynes  land  called  Philip  and  Jacob."  I  find 
no  person  named  Hutchins  who  surveyed  land  by  the  falls  of  Potomac 
River  before  1697,  and  no  person  of  that  name  who  took  up  land  with 
Colonel  John  Addison. 

*  It  may  be  worthy  of  note  that  the  names  of  all  of  these  men,  anoluding 
that  of  Captain  Oldton,  appear  in  a  list  of  taxables  of  the  south  side  of 


THE    BALTIMORE    COUNTY    "'  GARRISON."  Ill 

Henry  King,  Thomas  Robards/  Tobias  Stansberry,^  Josias 
Bridges  and  Moses  Edwards  ^ ;  all  Inhabitants  &  house  keepers 
in  the  abovesaid  County  of  Baltimore ;  in  Testimony  of  all  and 
singular  the  Premises  abovesaid  I  doe  hereunto  subscribe  my 
name  this  23rd  day  of  March  annoq.  Dom.  1694/5. 

John  Oldton." 

Back  River,  Baltimore  County,  taken  in  June,  1694.  (Baltimore  County 
Court  Proceedings,  Liber  G,  No.  1,  1693-1696,  f.  274.)  Bridges  is  there 
called  "  Josiali  Bridge";  Stansberry  (Stansbury)  is  called  "  Starnborrow." 
Captain  Oldton  is  credited  witli  the  possession  of  three  negro  slaves,  a 
somewhat  unusual  luxury  for  the  tlime  and  place,  although  slaves  were 
numerous  enough  in  Baltimore  County  a  few  years  later. 

''  Thomas  Roberts.  There  appears  to  have  been  "  bad  blood "  between 
him  and  his  commanding  officer.  At  a  meeting  of  the  Council  held  July 
3rd,  1696,  was  read  the  deposition  of  Ttomas  Roberts  of  Baltimore  County, 
aged  forty  years  or  thereabouts,  wiho  testified  as  follows:  "That  Captain 
Old  tons  party  of  Rangers  being  at  one  time  in;  and  the  Leivets  party  out 
upon  Ranging,  he  did  not  goe  out  to  Relieve  the  Lewtents  party  according 
to  appointmt  Whereupon  the  Leivetents  party  came  in,  and  so  both  parties 
were  in  at  one  time.  That  the  said  Rangers  do  not  live  at  the  place 
Setled  beyond  the  Inhabitants,  (but  that  they  come  in  among  the  inhabi- 
tants "    {Md.  Archives,  xx,  452-453). 

An  order  was  at  once  passed  Iby  the  Council  "  that  Capt  John  Oldton 
Commander  of  the  Party  of  Rangers  in  Baltemore  County  make  ansrwer 
in  writing  to  the  above  Deposition  &  that  for  the  future  he  take  care 
that  they  live  all  together  at  the  place  Settled  beyond  the  Inhabitants  and 
that  while  the  one  party  goes  out  a  Ranging  the  other  party  keeps  Con- 
stantly at  the  Garrison  and  that  they  go  out  upon  a  Saturday  (except 
some  extraordimary  occasiion  happen  out)  and  so  keep  together  at  the 
Garrison  all  Sunday,  and  then  the  other  party  go  out  again  the  next  day. 
That  he  take  care  to  Return  aai  Accot  of  his  Ranging  at  least  once  a 
Month  lif  opportunity  happens,  pursuant  to  foirmer  Instructions  which 
thing  he  has  not  yet  Observed  nor  Oomplyed  with.  That  if  those  persons 
now  under  his  Command  will  (not  accept  to  Comply  with  this  and  the 
former  Instructions  that  he  get  other  Persons  that  will  accept  thereof." 
The  same  orders  and  instructions  were  sent  to  Captain  Brdghtwell  of  the 
Potomac  River  rangers. 

On  July  7th,  1696,  Captain  appeared  before  the  Council  and,  in  answer 
to  the  charges  made  by  Thomas  Roberts,  declared  "that  the  Informatibn 
thereiin  Contaiin'd  is  false,  as  he  Can  prove  by  the  whole  Company  and 
that  he  'had  Offered  the  Leivetents  place  to  him  once  who  Rejected  it; 
wherupon  he  put  in  another;  and  lastly  he  does  say  that  the  said  Roberta 
is  alltogetheir  unquallifyed  for  the  said  Office."  Captain  Oldton  was  ther- 
upon  ordered  to  make  answer  in  writing  "  wihat  way  the  said  Roberts  is 
unqualified,  and  why  he  was  not  put  in  hiis  Leivtent  pursuant  to  Ordr." 


112  MARYLAND   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

To  the  above  report  is  appended  an  endorsement  signed  by 
Colonel  Greenberry  stating  that  the  men  selected  by  Captain 
Oldton  as  rangers  are  "  well  qualified  persons  and  good  woods 
men."     (Md.  Arch.,  xx,  204-205). 

The  following  day  iCaptain  Oldton  delivered  the  required  answer  in 
a  letter  addressed  to  Grovernor  Nicholson,  as  follows: 

"  Aceonding  to  an  Ordr  of  yor  Exncy  to  Thomas  Ex)beirts  to  be  Leivtent 
under  the  Ckm;duct  of  Jdhn  Oldton  by  your  Exncy  appointed  Capt  of  the 
Rangers  of  Baltemore  County;  the  motives  and  Reasons  which  Yor  Exncy 
Requires  to  the  saiild  Ordr  are  as  thus  That  the  said  Thomas  Roberts  is 
altogether  incapable  of  the  management  of  the  said  Office,  and  that  the 
persons  that  are  under  my  Conduct  say,  that  they  will  not  be  Commanded 
by  the  said  Thomas  Roberts,  he  being  by  them  taken  to  be  a  moross  sort 
of  a  Person  and  altogether  unwilling  to  be  by  him  Commanded.  These 
reasons  and  Objections  I  hope  may  weigh  with  your  Exncy  and  therefore 
I  humbly  Pray  the  Liberty  of  the  Choice  of  Tobias  Stanborough  to  be 
my  Leivtnt  which  doubt  not  but  your  Exncy  will  admit  off." 

Roberts  was  apparently  transferred  to  some  other  branch  of  the  militia 
service  of  Baltimore  County,  for  later  in  the  year  1696  he  signed  a 
petition    as    lieutenant.      (Md.    Archives,    xx,    544). 

The  order  requiring  the  Baltimore  County  Rangers  to  remain  at  the 
Garrison  on  Sundays  was  not  the  only  provision  made  for  the  spiritual 
welfare  of  the  men;  for  we  learn  that  they  were  provided,  not  only  with 
such  necessary  equipment  as  guns,  powder,  shot  and  "  grenadoes,"  but 
with  "  two  holy  Bibles,  Two  Bookes  of  the  whole  duty  of  Man,  Two 
Bookes  of  Catechism,  and  one  Booke  Titled  a  Brief  discourse  concerning 
the  Worshipping  God,"  which  were  to  be  at  their  disposal  "  when  they 
shall  be  required  to  Range  out  upon  the  Publick  service  for  the  Better 
discovery  of  any  Approaching  enemy  makeing  their  inroades  into  this 
Province  of  Maryland."  ( Md.  Archives,  xx,  204-205 ;  xix,  531 ) .  It  is 
possible  that  the  morose  disposition  attributed  to  Thomas  Roberts  was 
associated  with  a  religious  temperament,  and  was  not,  we  fancy,  greatly 
improved  by  the  study  of  such  pious,  but  no  doubt  gloomy,  works  as 
"  The  Whole  Duty  of  Man  "  and  "  A  Brief  Discourse  Concerning  the  Wor- 
shiping  of  God." 

*  Ancestor  of  the  well-known  Stansbury  family.  In  his  history  of  the 
Stansbury  family,  published  in  Volume  IX  of  this  Magazine,  the  late  Dr. 
Christopher  Johnson  cites  a  deposition  of  Tobias  Stansbury  taken  in  the 
year  1707,  in  which  the  deponent  declares  that  when  he  first  went  rang- 
ing, Daniel  Welsh  showed  him  a  boundary  of  "  Maiden's  Choice."  Dr. 
Johnson  does  not  quote  the  deposition  in  full,  but  refers  the  reader  to 
a  manuscript  book  entitled  "  Baltimore  County  Resurveys."  In  spite  of 
diligent  inquiry  and  search  the  author  of  this  article  has  never  been  able 
to  discover  the  present  whereabouts  of  this  valuable  book.  It  is  not 
identical  with  either  of  the  two  books  of  Land  Commissions  found  among 


THE    BALTIMORE    COUNTY    "  GARRISON."  113 

John  Oldton  or  Oulton  settled  in  Baltimore  County  some  time 
prior  to  1688/^  where  he  died  in  1709.  Although  he  appar- 
ently left  no  descendants,  he  was  twice  married,  first  to  Anne 
Gorsuch,  sister  of  the  well-known  brothers  and  early  settlers, 
Charles,  Robert,  Richard  and  Lovelace  Gorsuch,  and  widow  of 
(1st)  Captain  Thomas  Todd  and  (2nd)  Captain  David  Jones, 

both  of  Baltimore  iCounty.     His  second  wife  was  Mary , 

mother-in-law  of  Francis  Watkins  of  Baltimore  County.  Cap- 
tain Oldton  and  his  wife  Mary  Oldton  died  the  same  year.^^ 
He  appears  to  have  resided  on  Back  River,  in  Patapsco  N^eck.^^ 

the  Baltimore  County  Court  Proceedings  in  the  office  of  the  Superior 
Court  Clerk,  Baltimore  Court  House.  The  author  will  be  deeply  in- 
debted to  anyone  who  can  tell  him  where  it  is.  The  deposition  of  Tobias 
Stansbury  to  which  Dr.  Johnson  alludes  would  probably  help  to  solve 
a  question  which  otherwise  may  remain  unanswered,  that  is,  the  question 
of  the  course  of  the  Garrison  Road  west  of  Gwinn's  Falls.  "  Maiden's 
Choice "  lies  west  of  Gwinn's  Falls  and  south  of  the  present  Frederick 
Road,  and  includes  the  land  now  Loudon  Park  Cemetery. 

*  He  took  up  two  tracts — "  Edwards'  Lott  "  and  "  Edwards'  Enlarge- 
ment " — which  lay  within  the  old  limits  of  Baltimore  City,  before  the 
recent  extension  of  the  city  limits,  that  is,  on  the  York  Road  some 
distance  north  of  North  Avenue.  These  lands  were  later  resurveyed 
by  Christopher  Carnan  and  called  "  Huntingdon  "  after  one  of  the  tracts 
included  in  the  resurvey.  lA  branch  of  Jones  Falls  which  descended  from 
these  lands,  was  known  as  Edward's  Run.  I  think  it  is  identical  with 
Sumwalt  Run,  which  very  recently  has  been  turned  into  a  sewer  from 
Guilford  almost  to  Jones  Falls.  The  name  "  Sumwalt  Run "  is  ob- 
viously recent,  being  derived  from  a  person  who  had  an  ice  pond  on  the 
run  within  the  last  few  decades. 

"iSee  the  case  of  John  iCopas  against  John  Oldton  and  Anne  his  wife, 
administratrix  of  David  Jones  (Baltimore  County  Court  Proceedings, 
Liber  F.  No.  1,  1691-1693,  f.  484,  August  Court,  1693),  which  shows  that 
in  the  year  1688  the  plaintiff  went  to  the  house  of  John  Oldton  to  demand 
a  heifer  which  he  claimed  as  his  own. 

"The  inventory  of  Captain  Oldton's  estate  was  taken  October  5th,  1709; 
that  of  his  wife's  estate  was  taken  December  10th,  1709.  Francis  Wat- 
kins  signs  the  latter's  inventory  as  son-in-law.  There  is  also  a  deed  of 
gift  from  Francis  Watkins  to  his  mother-in-law  Mary  Oldton  of  Bal- 
timore iCounty,  widow,  dated  July  20th,  1709.  A  number  of  articles 
listed  in  Captain  Oldton's  inventory  are  described  as  burnt,  a  fact  from 
which  it  might  be  inferred  that  his  house  had  burned  down.  Captain 
Oldton  died  intestate.     John  Hays  of  Back  River  was  his  administrator. 

"On  what  land  he  lived  is  not  certainly  known.     His  original  home 


114  MAEYLAND   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

His  house  probably  stood  on  a  tract  called  "  Kindness  "  ^^  which 
he  owned,  which  lies  near  the  head  of  Back  River  on  the  south 
side,  and  is  now  crossed  by  the  tracks  of  the  Pennsylvania  Rail- 
road. The  name  of  a  tract  which  was  surveyed  for  him — 
"  Darley  Hall  "  ^* — suggests  the  possibility  that  Oldton  may 
have  intended  to  commemorate  some  family  estate  or  manor  of 
that  name ;  but  the  name  of  another  tract — "  Pemblicoe  "  ^^ — 

was  probably  on  some  tract  in  which  his  first  wife  had  a  dower  right.  By 
a  deed  dated  March,  1693-4,  Colonel  John  Thomas  of  Baltimore  County 
conveyed  to  James  Wells,  in  consideration  of  being  released  from  the 
obligation  of  teaching  him  to  read  and  write,  fifty  acres  of  a  tract  called 
"  Gardeson."  The  land  conveyed  is  described  as  lying  "  between  Patapsco 
River  and  the  head  of  Back  River  in  the  woods  .  .  .  beginning  at  a 
bounded  red  oak  standing  on  a  hill  side  near  to  a  branch  descending 
to  Back  River  and  running  north-east  sixty-four  perches  to  a  bounded 
white  oak  standing  by  the  main  road  going  to  John  Oldtons."  (Balti- 
more County  Court  Proceedings,  Liber  G.  No.  1,  1693-1696,  f.  190.) 
"  Gardeson "  lies  between  the  head  of  Back  River  and  Colgate's  Creek. 
Captain  Oldton  is  described  as  "  of  Back  River  "  in  the  proceedings  of 
a  suit  brought  against  him  by  Peregi'ine  Brown  in  March,  1708-9.  (Bal- 
timore County  Court  Proceedings,  Liber  I.  S.  No.  B.,  1708-1705,  March 
Court,  1708-9.) 

" "  Kindness,"  234  acres,  was  conveyed  to  him  by  John  Richardson, 
September  3,  1701. 

" "  Darley  Hall  "  was  surveyed  for  John  Oldton  June  12th,  1696,  and 
was  laid  out  for  300  acres,  but,  according  to  the  late  Mr.  Story,  con- 
tained many  more.  This  tract  lies  on  both  sides  of  the  Harford  Road 
extending  south  as  far  as  North  Avenue.  It  embraces  a  part  of  Clifton 
Park,  lit  was  laid  out  on  the  headwaters  of  a  large  brook  known  ori- 
ginally as  Mounteney's  Run,  later  called  the  Harford  Run,  the  last  traces 
of  which  were  recently  effaced.  Oldton  conveyed  "  Darley  Hall "  to 
John  Ensor  on  November  3rd,  1697.  It  was  long  the  home  of  the  Ensor 
family  The  situation  of  "  Darley  Hall  "  is  shown  on  Mr.  Story's  admir- 
able map  of  tracts  which  lie  within  or  adjacent  to  the  eastern  and  north- 
eastern limits  of  Baltimore  City.  This  map  hangs  in  the  Baltimore 
Court  House.  In  Familiae  Minorum  Gentum,  a  book  published  by  the 
Harleian  Society,  there  is  the  pedigree  of  a  family  named  Potter,  a  member 
of  which,  Richard  Potter  of  Manchester,  married  Jane  the  daughter  of 
Christopher  Bower  of  Darley  Hall. 

^' "  Pemblicoe,"  800  acres,  was  surveyed  for  .John  Oldton  and  Thomas 
Hedge  April  26th,  1699,  on  or  about  the  site  of  the  Pimlico  race  course. 
On  August  5th,  1714,  John  Hays,  administrator  of  John  Oldton,  and 
John  Ensor,  administrator  of  Thomas  Hedge  the  younger,  assigned  the 
survey   to    Thomas    Macnamara.      (Patents,    Liber    E.    E.    No.    6,    93-94.) 


THE    BALTIMORE    COUNTY    "  GARRISON."  115 

which  he  took  up,  suggests  connections  with  London.  Some  time 
after  his  commission  as  captain  of  rangers  was  taken  from 
him  '^^  (1698)  Oldton  was  in  England;  ^^  but  he  returned  even- 
tually to  die  in  Baltimore  County. 

Captain  Oldton  was  probably  a  man  of  a  hard  fighting  type, 
doubtless  overbearing  and  quick  of  temper.  In  1692  he  was 
found  guilty  of  the  murder  of  Dennis  Garrett  of  Baltimore 

Macnamara  had  a  resurvey  executed  on  this  tract  on  Novemiber  8th, 
1715,  which  contained  thirteen  thousand  eight  hundred  acres;  but  the 
resurvey  was  never  patented.  (Unpatented  Certificates,  No.  1125,  Balti- 
more County.) 

^*  It  is  recorded  that  in  the  year  1698  the  Rangers  on  Potomac  River 
and  the  Baltimore  iCounty  Rangers  presented  petitions  against  their 
respective  commanders.  {Md.  Archives,  xxn,  168. )[  I  have  been  unable 
to  find  these  petitions,  if  they  still  exist.  On  October  14th  of  the 
preceding  year  the  Baltimore  County  Rangers  had  been  ordered  dis- 
banded, but  this  order  does  not  appear  to  have  gone  into  effect.  {Md. 
Archives,  xxii,  90.)  However,  on  April  2nd,  1698,  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Council  held  at  Annapolis  the  following  letter  was  sent  to  Captain  Old- 
ton: 

"Capt  Oldson 

"  This  is  to  acquaint  you  that  with  the  Advice  of  his  Majestys  honble 
Council  it  being  thought  fit  for  his  Majestys  Service  &  ease  of  the  country 
I  disband  &  dismiss  you  from  the  present  command  you  have  over  the 
Rangers  in  Baltemore  Coiuity  as  likewise  the  men  under  you  whereof  you 
&  every  of  you  are  to  take  due  notice  given  under  my  hand  &  seal  the  day 
&  year  above  written. 

"  Postscript 

"  You  or  any  of  your  Rangers  will  Come  hither  Mr  Henry  Denton  Clk  of 
his  Majestys  honble  Council  will  give  you  a  full  Acct  of  your  pay. 

"To  Captain  John  Oldton  Commandr  of  the  Rangers  in  Baltemore 
County  att  the  Garrison  there."      {Md.  Archives,  xxiii,  403-404.) 

At  the  same  time  Colonel  John  Addison  was  ordered  to  raise  a  new 
company  of  Rangers,  consisting  of  ten  men  and  two  captains,  but  Captain 
Richard  Brightwell  was  not  to  be  one  of  the  captains.  The  old  rangers 
were  to  be  continued  in  the  service  until  the  new  ones  had  been  equipped 
and  had  taken  the  field,  after  which  they  were  to  be  disbanded. 

"In  a  Rent  Roll  of  Baltimore  County  dated  1700  and  now  in  the 
possession  of  the  Maryland  Historical  Society  {Calvert  Papers,  No.  886) 
the  tract  ealled  "  Fellowship "  or  "  Oldton's  Felowship,"  which  was 
laid  out  for  John  Oldton  June  12th,  1696,  on  Little  Britain  Ridge  near 
the  head  of  Herring  Run  (not  far  southeast  of  Towson)  is  entered  with 
the  following  remark :   "  The  said  Oulton  in  England." 


116  MAKYLAND    HISTOKICAL    MAGAZINE. 

County,  and  was  condemned  to  be  hanged,  but  received  a  royal 
pardon  in  time  to  save  his  life.^^  Whether  or  not  he  had  friends 
at  Court  remains  a  mystery.  In  an  earlier  article  of  this 
author's  we  have  seen  how,  in  the  strenuous  days  of  the  seven- 
teenth century,  a  man's  being  found  guilty  of  trading  with  the 
Indians  on  the  Sabbath  Day  in  no  ways  interfered  with  his 
being  appointed  a  vestryman  of  a  prominent  parish;  so  that 
it  seems  only  reasonable  that  the  onus  of  a  verdict  of  murder 
in  the  first  degree  should  not  prevent  a  man  of  the  best  soldierly 
qualities  from  assuming  the  honorable  duty  and  high  responsi- 
bility of  guarding  the  frontiers  of  a  province. 

There  are  a  number  of  reasons  why  Marylanders  should  re- 
member 'Captain  John  Oldton.  Captain  Oldton  was,  if  not  the 
actual  builder  of  the  "  Garrison  "  (he  probably  was  the  builder) , 
at  least  the  man  who  made  it  memorable  by  his  occupation  of 

*'At  a  Council  held  at  iSaint  Mary's  on  April  11th,  1692,  one  Rebecca 
Saunders,  who  had  been  condemned  for  murder,  was  reprieved,  and  her 
execution  suspended  until  the  next  Provincial  Court.  "  The  like  order 
passed  in  favor  of  one  John  Olton  a  Taylor  convict  and  under  sentence  of 
Death  for  a  Murder."  (Md.  Archives,  vni,  314.)  The  trial  of  John  Oldton 
will  be  found  in  "Provincial  Court  Proceedings  Judgments,"  Liber  D.  S.  No. 
C,  1692-1693,  f.  15:  "The  jurors  ...  doe  present  John  Oldton  late  of 
Baltemore  County  taylor  for  that  he  the  said  John  Oldton  the  31st  of  July 
1691  at  Baltemore  County  .  .  .  with  force  and  armes  in  and  upon 
the  body  of  one  Dennis  Garrett  then  and  there  ...  an  assault  did 
make  and  him  the  said  Dennis  with  one  sword  of  the  value  of  twenty 
shillings  being  the  proper  sword  of  the  said  John  Ouldton  upon  the 
forehead  of  the  said  Dennis  one  blow  did  give  of  which  said  blow 
the  said  Dennis  immediately  from  the  30th  day  of  July  aforesaid 
till  the  2nd  day  of  Septemlber  did  languish  on  which  2nd  day  of  September 
in  the  year  and  at  the  place  aforesaid  the  said  Dennis  Garrett  of  the  said 
blow  did  dye."  The  witnesses  were:  Philip  Roper,  Nicholas  Hale,  John 
Cole  (son-in-law  of  the  deceased),  Thomas  Stone,  Abraham  Vaughan  and 
Barbara  Garrett  (the  widow).  Oldton  was  condemned  to  be  hanged;  but 
"  afterwards  the  said  John  Oulton  was  graciously  pardoned  by  their  Majes- 
ties pardon  in  usuall  forme." 

Dennis  Garrett,  an  early  settler  on  the  site  of  Baltimore,  has  many  de- 
scetadants  through  the  Cole,  Gorsuch  and  Ensor  families.  With  Thomas 
Stone  ibe  purchased  "  Long  Island  Point,"  a  tract  surveyed  for  William 
Poultney  on  the  site  of  Fell's  Point.  (His  widow,  Barbara  Garrett,  married 
(2nd)   Thomas  Broad. 


THE    BALTIMORE    COUNTY    "  GARRISON."  117 

it  during  nearly  four  years ;  ^^  by  his  laying-out  or  adaptation 
to  the  uses  of  his  rangers  of  various  "  garrison  roads,"  of  some 
of  which  fragments  still  survive ;  and  by  two  interesting  reports 
he  has  left  us  of  his  "  ranging."  With  his  name  is  associated 
the  historic  place-name  of  "Garrison  Forest,"  as  well  as  the 
names  of  such  "  garrison  roads  "  as  we  still  have  with  us.  He 
took  up  the  land  on  which  our  famous  race-course  stands,  and 
was  responsible  for  the  name  of  the  place.  He  had  surveyed 
some  hundreds  of  acres  now  included  in  the  city  of  Baltimore,^^ 
and  he  was  probably  the  builder  of  the  first  section  of  that  road 
which  later  became  the  Harford  Road  within  the  old  limits  of 

"It  is  very  dou'btful  whether  the  Garrison  was  ever  occupied  as  a  fort 
after  1698.  Built  in  a  wilderness  reanote  from  settlements  the  Garrison 
was  soon  overtaken  'by  the  advance  of  colonization  which,  with  the  begin- 
ning of  the  eighteenth  century,  made  extraordinary  progress.  A  decade 
later  than  1698  the  Garrison  was  on  the  frontier,  if  not  within  it.  In 
the  Baltimore  County  iCourt  Proceedings  (Liber  I.  S.,  No.  B,  1708-1705, 
f .  '278 )  is  the  record  of  a  suit  brought  by  William  Logsdon  against  Thomas 
Gwinn,  in  which  the  plaintiff  charges  the  defendant  with  the  breach  of  a 
contract  made  November  31st,  1709,  to  build  a  forty-foot  tobacco  house  on 
a  tract  called  "  The  Island "  lying  "  in  Baltimore  County  near  Oldtons 
Garrison."  "The  Island,"  surveyed  for  Thomas  Cromwell,  1702,  and  later 
resurveyed  into  "  Darbyshire  "  lies  a  short  distance  south  of  the  Old  Court 
Koad  east  of  Pikesville.  In  August,  1714,  William  Summers  informs  the 
court  that  he  has  seated  "  one  of  the  outermost  plantations  of  the  Garri- 
son Ridge,"  and  that  his  rolling  road  has  Ibeen  stopped  up  by  William 
Popejoy.  (Balto.  Co.  Court  Proceedings,  Lilber  I.  S.  No.  B,  f.  537-8.)  In 
August,  1719,  John  Newman,  Richard  Jones,  Joseph  Elledge  and  Richard 
Gist  complain  to  the  court  that,  having  seated  plantations  "  on  the  out- 
ermost parts  of  the  Garrison  Ridge  and  cleared  a  rowling  road  to  our 
conviency  are  now  hindered  and  debarred  of  the  use  and  privilege  of 
the  said  road  by  a  certain  Joshua  Howard  and  William  Popejoy."  (Balto. 
Co.  Court  Proceedings,  Liber  I.  S.  No.  C,  1718,  f.  211.) 

^In  addition  to  "  Darley  Hall"  he  took  up  "Bold  Venture"  on  Decem- 
ber 23rd,  1695,  "  on  the  north  side  of  the  Whetstone  Branch."  It  lies  on 
the  Basin  near  Fells  Point.  Whetstone  Branch,  an  old  name  for  that 
branch  of  Patapsco  River  on  which  Baltimore  was  originally  laid  out, 
probably  derived  its  name  from  Whetstone  Neck,  the  neck  which  divides 
it  from  the  Middle  Branch.  "  Bold  Venture  "  was  originally  laid  out  for 
161  acres.  In  1726  it  was  escheated  and  resurveyed  for  Edward  Fell 
under  the  name  of  "  Fell's  Footing,"  and  was  found  to  contain  only  4  3/4 
acres  clear  of  e'lder  surveys. 


118  .  MARYLAND   HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

Baltimore  City,  which  in  Captain  Oldton's  time  was  called 
"  Darley  Path."  ^i 

The  earliest  authentic  reference  to  the  historic  "  Garrison " 
— the  fort  at  the  head  of  Slaughterhouse  Run — is,  I  believe, 

^  Whatever  paths  or  roads  may  have  existed  hefore  1700  on  the  land 
on  which  Baltimore  City  is  now  ibuilt,  Darley  Path  and  the  old  Main  Road 
which  later  became  known  as  the  Philadelphia  Road,  are,  so  far  as  I  am 
aware,  the  only  ones  of  which  any  record  exists,  unless  the  reader  is  will- 
ing to  accept  my  theory  that  the  main  southern  highway  of  the  Seneca 
Indians  passed  across  what  is  today  the  west  end  of  our  metropolis.  If 
Darley  Path,  as  originally  laid  out,  led  from  the  Main  Road  to  "  Darley 
Hall,"  and  there  stopped,  it  could  scarcely  have  been  more  than  two  miles 
in  length;  but  there  is  a  possibility  that  it  penetrated  much  farther  into 
the  forest,  and  that  it  may  even  have  "  tapped  "  the  road  which  led  from 
the  Garrison  to  Deer  Creek. 

A  tract  of  67  acres  called  "  Cole's  Addition  "  surveyed  for  John  Cole 
May  29th,  1698,  is  thus  described:  "Lying  on  the  north  side  of  Patapsco 
River  in  the  woods,  beginning  at  a  bounded  white  oak  a  bounded  tree  of  a 
parcell  of  land  of  Mounteneys  (i.  e.,  '  Mountenay's  Neck,'  surveyed  for 
Alexander  Mounteney,  1662)  and  running  with  the  said  land  west  north 
west  13  perches  to  a  bounded  white  oak  of  the  said  Mounteneys,  still  con- 
tinuing the  course  more  west  north  west  88  perches  to  a  bounded  red  oake 
by  Darly  Path,  then  north  east  146  perches  to  a  line  of  Coles  Choice  (sur- 
veyed for  John  Cole  July  28th,  1694,  but  never  patented;  it  was  taken  up 
again  under  the  name  of  "Orange")  then  with  Coles  Choice  down  Moun- 
tenays  Glade  (i.  e.,  the  valley  of  Mountenay's  Run,  a  stream  known  later 
as  the  Harford  Run)  south  east  40  perches,  then  south  by  east  1/2  east- 
erly 22  perches,  then  south  by  east  sixty  perches  to  a  bounded  oake,  then 
south  west  12  perches,  then  with  a  straiglit  line  to  the  beginning." 

The  situation  of  "  Cole's  Addition  "  is  sho«Ti  on  Scharf's  "  Map  of  Origi- 
nal Tracts  within  the  City  of  Baltimore,"  published  in  his  History  of 
Baltimore  County.  The  tract  is  traversed  by  Chase  Street  and  by  the  Bel 
Air  Road,  and  the  intersection  of  these  streets  appears  to  lie  within  it. 
Its  extreme  western  boundary  is  on  the  Harford  Road. 

In  August,  1750,  a  Land  Comm^ission  was  held,  on  behalf  of  William 
Hammond,  to  determine  and  fix  the  boimds  of  "Cole's  Addition."  (Balti- 
more County  Court  Proceedings,  Land  Commissions,  Liber  H.  W.  S.  No. 
4,  f.  196  et  seq.)  A  number  of  depositions  were  then  taken  which  allude 
to  Darley  Path.  John  Ehsor,  Sr.,  aged  fifty-five  years,  deposed  that 
"  a(bout  eighteen  years  ago  the  aforesaid  John  Cole  (referred  to  else- 
where in  the  same  deposition  as  the  deponent's  father-in-law)  came  with 
him  this  deponent  to  the  place  where  he  now  stands  being  in  the  main 
Rolling  road  leading  from  Baltimore  Town  into  Britain  ridge  forrist  (the 
ridge  between  Herring  Ram  and  Jones  Palls  was  called  Little  Britain 
Ridge  or  Britain  Ridge  or  Britain  Ridge  Forest)    albout  half  a  mile  from 


THE    BALTIMORE    COUNTY    "'  GAKRISOjST."  119 

that  which  is  found  in  the  description  of  the  tract  called  "  Ely 
0''Carroll/'  which  was  laid  out  for  Charles  Carroll  January 
13th,  1695/6,  which  is  described  as  follows:  "  Lying  in  Balti- 
more County  on  the  north  side  of  Potapsco  River  in  the  woods 
upon  Jones  Falls  and  on  the  west  side  of  the  said  falls,  begin- 
ning at  a  bounded  white  oak  standing  in  a  deep  valley  by  a 
small  branch  near  Capt  Oulstons  Garrison."  ^^     This  land  was 

the  said  Town  on  or  near  the  top  of  a  rising  ground  or  small  hill  being 
about  the  middle  of  the  said  main  road  and  told  this  deponent  that  here 
or  herabouts  must  stand  a  bounded  red  oak  of  William  Greens  land  (i. 
e.,  "  (Cole's  Addition  " )  which  tree  the  said  Cole  said  must  stand  here  by 
a  small  hollow  or  pond  as  also  by  the  said  path  and  this  deponent  declares 
that  the  said  Path  was  always  called  Darley  Path  ever  since  he  could 
rememjber."  (iHe  was  Iborn  in  Baltimore  County  circa  1695,  son  of  John 
Ensor  and  Jane  his  wife,  lit  was  his  father  who  bought  "  Darley  Hall  " 
in  1697,  and  he  inherited  the  tract  on  his  father's  death  circa  1711.) 
William  Green  aged  fifty-eight  years  deposed  "  that  the  place  where  he 
now  stands  being  in  the  main  Rolling  road  leading  from  Baltimore  Town 
into  Britain  forrist  albout  half  a  mile  from  the  said  Town  on  or  near  the 
top  of  a  rising  ground  or  small  hill  being  aibout  the  middle  of  the  said 
main  road  the  aforesaid  John  Cole  said  there  should  have  been  a  bounded 
tree  of  Coles  Addition  and  this  deponent  further  saith  that  the  said  Path 
was  formerly  called  and  known  by  the  name  of  Darley  Path  ever  since  he 
could  remember."  Thomas  Gorsuch  aged  seventy  years  deposed  "  that 
the  place  where  he  now  stands  being  in  the  main  Rolling  road  leading 
from  Baltimore  Town  into  Britain  ridge  forrist  about  half  a  mile  from 
the  said  Town  on  or  near  the  top  of  a  rising  ground  or  small  hill  being 
about  the  middle  of  the  said  main  road  was  always  taken  and  said  to  be 
called  Darley  Path  going  to  Darley  Hall." 

^^  The  Garrison  is  mentioned  in  the  descriptions  of  several  other  early 
surveys  of  that  locality.  "  Carses  Forest "  surveyed  for  Robert  Carse 
August  12th,  1696,  is  described  as  being  situated  "  on  the  north  side  of 
Potapsco  River  up  Jones  Falls  in  a  forke  of  the  said  falls  above  Capt 
Oultons  Garrison."  "  Howard's  Square "  surveyed  for  Joshua  Howard 
February  1st,  1698,  is  thus  described:  "In  the  woods  aibove  the  head  of 
Potapsco  River  on  the  west  side  of  Jones  Falls  and  on  the  west  side  of 
Oldtons  Garrison."  "  Hurd's  Camp  "  surveyed  for  Andrew  Hurd  August 
16th,  1699,  lies  "  in  the  woods  on  the  west  side  of  Jones  Falls  and  on  the 
west  side  of  the  Garrison."  "  Pemblicoe  "  surveyed  for  John  Oldton  and 
Thomas  Hedge  April  16th,  1699,  lies  "on  the  west  side  of  Jones  Falls  in 
the  woods  below  the  Garrison."  "  Mount  Organ "  surveyed  for  Mathew 
Organ  September  20th,  1704,  lies  "on  the  north  side  of  Patapsco  River 
near  a  place  called  the  Garrison."  "  Counterscarpe  "  surveyed  for  Jose- 
phus  Murray  May  10th,  1700,  lies  "  on  the  north  side  of  Patapsco  River 
....  at  a  place  commonly  called  the  Garrison." 


120  MARYLAND    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

laid  out  by  Thomas  Richardson,  and  contained  one  thousand 
acres.^^  The  Garrison  was  then  standing  on  vacant  land;  for 
the  land  called  "  Oulton's  Garrison  "  or  "  Oldton's  Garrison  " 
was  not  taken  up  by  Captain  Oldton  until  four  months  later. 
No  surveys  had  apparently  yet  been  made  either  to  the  north 
or  west  of  that  place,  while  to  the  south  the  nearest  surveyed 
land  was  on  or  near  the  site  of  Druid  Hill  Park.^*  To  the  east 
and  southeast,  however,  lay,  within  a  comparatively  few  miles, 
several  large  tracts,  which  had  been  taken  up  less  than  two  years 
before.^^  Still  farther  east  lands  had  been  taken  up  on  both 
sides  of  the  Great  Falls  of  Gunpowder  River  as  far  north  as 
Meredith's  Ford,  while  on  the  west  side  of  Susquehanna  River 
the  surveys  extended  to  within  a  few  miles  of  Broad  Creek.  At 
this  time  the  settlement  of  the  "  back  country  "  or  "  forest  "  was 
on  the  eve  of  beginning;  but  there  is  nothing  in  the  records 
to  show  that  it  actually  had  begun;  and  it  is  highly  probable 
that  in  the  spring  of  1696  the  "Garrison"  stood  at  least  six 
miles  from  the  nearest  English  plantations.  The  country  there- 
abouts was  then  known  as  "  Garrison  Forest,"  "  Rangers'  For- 
est "  or  "  Garrison  Ridge."  ^^  Of  these  names  only  the  first  has 
survived  to  this  day. 

"^  The  situation  of  this  tract  is  shown  on  the  map  which  accompanies  my 
article  on  "  The  Old  Indian  Eoad  "  in  the  September,  1920,  issue  of  this 
Magazine. 

''^Hab-Nab-at-a-Venture,"  surveyed  1688,  and  "  Ck)me-by -Chance,"  sur- 
veyed 1694,  lie  on  or  near  the  site  of  Druid  Hill  Park.  Between  the  Park 
and  Gwinn's  Falls  lies  "  Parish's  Range,"  surveyed  1678,  which  extends  as 
far  north  as  the  intersection  of  the  Liberty  Road  and  Garrison  Avenue. 
West  of  Gwinn's  Falls  lands  had  been  surveyed  as  far  as  the  Dead  Run. 

^ These  were:  "iSelsed,"  900  acres,  surveyed  July  31st,  1694 — lies  on 
Roland's  Run,  which  derives  its  name  from  the  patentee,  Rowland  Thorn- 
borough  ;  "  Morgan's  Delight,"  500  acres,  surveyed  for  James  Murray 
Jime  12th,  1694 — as  far  as  I  can  determine  it  lies  between  the  Sheppard 
Asylum  and  Lake  Roland  or  thereabouts;  "Friend's  Discovery,"  1000 
acres,  surveyed  for  Job  Evans  .Tune  17th,  1694 — lies  between  Govans- 
to"wn  and  Towson  on  both  sides  of  the  York  Road;  "Hale's  Fellowship,'' 
200  acres,  surveyed  for  Nicholas  Haile  or  Hale  October  19th,  1694 — ^adjoins 
"  Friend's   Discovery." 

""Turkey  Cock  Hall"  surveyed  for  Richard  Gist  April  25th,  1706,  lies 
"  on  ye  north  side  of  Potapsco  In  Rangers  forest  on  Jones's  ffalls,  ibeginn- 


THE    BALTIMORE    COUNTY    "  GARRISOK:."  121 

Were  it  not  for  this  positive  evidence  tliat  tlie  Garrison  was 
built  before  the  spring  of  1696,  we  might  be  led  to  believe  that 
this  was  the  actual  date  when  it  was  erected.  The  following 
order  of  the  Council,  which  was  issued  on  March  3rd,  1695/6, 
is  somewhat  difficult  to  interpret  with  relation  to  the  Garrison,^'' 
but  its  meaning  is  otherwise  clear  and  it  contains  information 
of  importance: 

"  Ordered  that  the  Rangers  by  Act  of  Assembly  appointed  to 
keep  Ranging  upon  the  ffrontiers  of  this  province  take  care  to 
settle  themselves  to  inhabite  (some  time  this  Spring)  beyond  all 
the  Inhabitants  plantations  scituate  upon  the  ffrontiers  as  afore- 
said, and  that  they  keep  an  exact  Journall  of  all  their  proceed- 
ings &  observations  made  in  their  Ranging  &  return  an  Acco* 
thereof  unto  his  Excell  at  the  Port  of  Annapolis,  at  least  once 
a  Month,  if  opportunity  &  conveniency  of  conveying  the  same 
offers;  And  that  a  new  Lieuten*  from  the  Cap*  of  each  party 
of  Rangers  be  p^sented,  who  may  be  proper  to  assist  &  Officiate 
pursuant  to  the  directions  of  the  late  Act  of  Assembly  passed 
to  the  said  Effect,  hereby  requiring  those  Rangers  (so  settling 
themselves)  to  eohabite  &  live  upon  the  settlem*^  afores*^  all 
Winter  and  that  the  Commander  of  the  Rangers  upon  Potomock 
do  Range  to  the  ffalls  of  patapsco  and  those  of  patapsco  to 
Range  to  according  as  the  Law  directs. 

"  And  further  that  they  observe  the  Law  made  about  the 

ing  at  a  bounded  white  oak  in  ye  line  of  a  parcell  of  land  called  Elio  Car- 
roll"; "Milford  Haven"  surveyed  for  Gregory  Davis  May  12th,  1707, 
lies  "on  the  north  side  of  Patapsco  River  and  on  the  north  side  of  West- 
ern Run  (i.  e.,of  Jones  Falls)  in  Rangers  fforest";  "Traymore"  surveyed 
for  Pierce  Welsh  February  26th,  1706/7,  lies  "on  the  north  side  of  Potap- 
sco  in  Rangers  fforest,  beginning  at  a  bounded  white  oak  by  ye  great  hill 
run  near  ye  land  called  Litterlouna " ;  "  Street's  Adventure  "  surveyed 
June  23rd,  1707,  lies  "  on  ye  north  side  of  Potapsco  in  ye  woods  upon  ye 
Garrison  Ridge." 

"We  are  still  more  puzzled  when  we  read  how,  at  a  Council  held  June 
1st,  1697,  when  the  subject  of  Rangers  was  under  discussion,  the  Governor 
"  proposes  whether  the  house  think  it  convenient  that  the  said  Rangers 
have  inforted  themselves,  who  doe  say  that  they  doe  approve  thereof  pro- 
vided that  the  province  be  at  noe  charge  therupon."  {Md.  Archives,  xix, 
531.)     To  what  new  forts  does  this  allude? 

2 


122  MARYLAND   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

Rangers,  and  that  they  make  &  marke  severall  paths  &  take 
care  to  take  up  all  suspicious  persons  travelling  without  passes, 
and  that  the  Eioad  which  they  find  to  be  the  best  &  nighest  Road, 
that  they  double  marke  the  same  That  they  make  Severall 
Cabins  up  &  down  the  Woods  &  Cut  down  a  great  many  trees 
therabouts  and  make  as  great  a  show  as  they  can  of  their  being 
there,  and  that  they  Examine  what  Indians  they  meet  with,  and 
if  they  find  them  doing  any  unlawfull  Act,  that  they  secure 
them  and  upon  resistance  that  they  use  force;  and  if  there  is 
absolute  Necessity  endeavour  to  kill  them,  but  (if  not)  to  use 
them  civilly  &  give  them  all  lawfull  assistance.  If  please  God 
any  accident  should  happen  to  them  of  meeting  with  any  Ene- 
my, that  they  ifnediately  send  his  Ex^^J  an  Account  thereof, 
and  that  they  send  to  one  another  and  to  the  Militia  Officers 
scituate  next  upon  the  ffrontiers  hereby  commanding  such  Offi- 
cers to  Raise  the  Militia  under  their  Command,  for  their  Aid 
&  assistance  which  said  Militia  Officers  are  immediately  to  send 
to  the  Colonel  of  the  County  to  give  him  an  Account  thereof, 
who  is  thereby  Ordered  to  Raise  the  whole  Militia  of  his  County 
for  their  Aid  &  Assistance."     (Md.  Archives,  xx,  381). 

The  site  of  the  Garrison  is  revealed  by  the  description  of 
"  Oulton's  Garrison,"  a  tract  of  three  hundred  and  forty  acres 
laid  out  for  Captain  John  Oldton  or  Oulton  May  13th,  1696.28 
This  tract  is  described  as  follows :  "  Lying  in  Baltemore  County 
on  the  north  side  of  Patapsco  River  in  the  woods  being  pte 
(part)  of  the  land  called  Rangers  fforest  beginning  at  a  bounded 
red  oak  standing  on  the  east  side  of  a  glade  by  the  Garrison  and 
running  thence  north  20  degrees  westerly  170  perches  to  a 
bounded  white  oak  standing  upon  a  point  of  a  hill  on  the  west 
side  of  a  branch  descending  into  Jones  falls,  and  running  from 
the  said  white  oak  west  20  degrees  southerly  246  perches  to  a 
bounded  white  oak  on  the  side  of  a  hill  and  on  the  east  side 
of  a  branch,  then  south  20  degrees  easterly  222  perches  to  a 

^  Much  of  the  history  of  this  tract  is  given  in  my  article  on  "  The  Old 
Indian  Road "  in  the  Septemlber,  1920,  issue  of  this  Magazvne,  and  the 
eituation  of  the  tract  is  shown  on  the  accompanying  map. 


THE    BALTIMORE    COUNTY    "  GAREISON."  123 

bounded  white  oak  standing  by  a  glade  called  the  West  Glade 
(i.  e.  the  Western  Run  of  Jones  Falls)  then  each  20  degrees 
northerly  246  perches,  then  with  a  direct  line  to  the  beginning." 
This  record  fixes  the  site  of  the  Garrison  at  a  point  a  short 
distance  north  of  Slaughterhouse  Run  and  about  half  a  mile 
east  of  the  present  Garrison  Road.  The  exact  site  could,  of 
course,  readily  be  ascertained  by  making  a  survey,  and  this 
would  help  to  settle  the  question  whether  the  stone  building 
known  as  "  Fort  Garrison  "  is  by  any  chance  the  original  fort, 
or  whether  this  name  is  merely  apocryphal,  and  the  building 
itself  comparatively  recent. 

It  is  to  be  presumed  that  the  Garrison  and  most  of  the  cleared 
land  ^^  which  must  have  existed  beside  it  was  taken  up  within 
the  survey  called  "  Oulton's  Garrison " ;  for  Captain  Oldton 
could  hardly  have  neglected  the  opportunity  to  secure,  without 
cost,  improvements  which  would  later  enhance  the  value  of  his 
land.  The  reason  why  the  surveyor  began  the  survey  so  near  to 
the  Garrison  was  probably  because  it  was  desired  to  have  the 
beginning  tree  under  observation  and  protection.  When,  how- 
ever, in  1752,  Richard  Croxall  had  "  Oulton's  Garrison  "  re- 
surveyed,  the  place  of  beginning  could  no  longer  be  found. 

Life  at  the  Garrison  was  uneventful,  so  far  as  the  records 
show.  A  ranger  at  the  Garrison  on  Potomac  River  was  mur- 
dered by  the  Indians,  but  no  such  event  seems  to  have  enlivened 
or  saddened  the  boredom  of  the  Baltimore  County  Rangers' 

^  It  is  to  be  supposed  that  some  of  the  land  around  the  Garrison  was 
cleared  Iby  the  Rangers,  not  only  for  greater  safety,  hut  "  to  make  as  great 
a  show  as  they  can  of  their  being  there  " ;  and  we  may  well  imagine  that 
they  improved  their  spare  time  by  cultivating  it.  At  the  Potomac  River 
Garrison,  as  we  have  elsewhere  observed,  Indian  fields  existed  all  ready 
for  cultivation.  In  at  least  one  instance  the  Council  ordered  the  Rangers 
to  make  a  clearing.  In  the  Fall  of  1697  a  ranger  was  murdered  by  In- 
dians at  the  Potomac  Garrison,  and  the  frontier  inhabitants  became  muuch 
alarmed.  lAn  order  was  sent  out  "  that  the  party  of  Rangrs  in  Baltemore 
County  (upon  this  noise  of  Indians)  keep  good  watch  &  look  well  after 
their  horses;  and  that  they  keep  them  together  in  or  near  to  the  ffort  and 
Clear  a  broad  way  down  to  the  Spring  &  keepe  Ranging  pursuant  to  the 
late  Ordr  sent  them."     {Md.  Archives,  xxm,  219-220.) 


124  MARYLAND   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

existence  at  the  fort.  Discipline  does  not  seem  to  have  been 
very  strict,  for  the  men  refused  to  serve  under  Thomas  Roberts, 
and  there  was  difficulty  in  keeping  them  at  the  Garrison  in 
winter.  In  December,  1696,  Captain  Oldton  complained  "  how 
that  three  of  his  men  deserted  the  Garrison  &  obstinately  refuse 
to  remain  there  all  winter  nothwithstanding  a  former  order 
therabout."  The  grievance  of  the  Rangers  was  that  "  their  pay 
had  been  ordered  them  inconvenient  and  out  of  their  county." 
The  Governor  promised  to  see  that  their  grievance  was  rectified, 
but  ordered  "  that  the  said  Capt  Oldton  &  his  men  do  notwith- 
standing Repair  to  the  Garrison  and  there  Remain  all  Winter 
pursuant  to  former  Ord''  his  Ex^^^y  being  pleased  to  say  that  he 
will  Speak  to  the  Assembly  next  Sessions  in  their  behalfe  .  .  . 
and  bestow' d  upon  them  ten  dollars  to  drink  the  Kings  Health 
with  at  Christmas."     (Md.  Archives,  xx,  564).^^ 

Two  of  Captain  Oldton's  reports  of  the  roads  over  which  he 
and  his  men  ranged  in  patroling  the  wilderness  have  come 
down  to  us.  The  first  of  these  was  submitted  to  a  meeting  of 
the  Council  held  October  10th,  1696,  and  is  as  follows: 

"  An  account  of  the  roads  that  are  made  back  of  the  inhabi- 
tants by  the  Rangers  in  Baltemore  County  l^orth  East  from  the 
Garrison  to  the  first  Cabin  15  miles,  north  east  to  the  second 
Cabin  15  miles  of  therabouts;  then  10  miles  further  the  same 
course  to  another  Cabin  on  the  north  side  of  Deer  Creek ;  like- 
wise from  the  Garrison  to  a  Cabin  between  Judwins  Falls  (evi- 
dently meant  for  Gwinn's  Falls)  and  the  main  falls  of  Patapsco 
a  west  course  10  miles,  then  a  west  course  to  the  main  falls  of 
Patapsco  10  miles  more,  which  said  road  being  marked  and 
weekly  ranged  by  me  and  my  Leveten*  according  to  the  order 
of  Councill  from  your  Excellency's  humble  servant  to  command 

(Md.  Archives,  xx,  523).  John  Oldton." 

The  second  report  was  submitted  to  a  meeting  of  the  Council 
which  was  held  October  9th,  179Y : 

"•The  Rangers  on  Potomac  were  also  ordered  to  remain  at  their  Garri- 
son all  winter  and  were  likewise  presented  with  ten  dollars  to  drink  the 
King's  health  at  Christmas.     {Md.  Archives,  xx,  553.) 


THE    BALTIMORE    COUNTY    "  GARKISOST."  125 

"'Came  Cap^  lolin  Oldton  and  Cap*  Kichard  Brightwell 
Commando's  of  the  Eangers  upon  Potomock  and  Baltemore  and 
presented  the  two  following  accounts  of  their  Eanging^^  vizt 

"  Whereas  it  has  pleased  the  Govern'"  &  Councill  to  demand 
of  us  Rangers  in  Baltemore  County  to  give  an  account  how 
our  Road  lyes  from  our  Garrison  to  Deer  Creek  &  Patapsco, 
w^^  according  to  our  best  knowledge  is  thus,  ffrom  our  Garri- 
son to  the  north  side  of  Dear  Creek  40  miles  thus  to  Gunpowder 
main  falls  12  miles,  thence  to  the  Little  falls  eight  miles,  thence 
to  a  branch  of  Winters  Run  eight  miles,  thence  to  the  north 
side  of  Dear  Creek  12  miles,  thence  to  the  neerest  Inhabitants 
sixteen  miles. 

"  ffrom  our  Garrison  to  Potapsco  20  miles,  thus  to  Guins 
falls  four  miles,  thence  to  a  branch  of  the  same  falls  four  miles, 
thence  to  Potapsco  main  falls  twelve  miles,  thence  to  the  Inhabi- 
tants fourteen  miles. 

"  This  is  a  description  of  our  Road,  w^^  we  were  ordered  to 
make  and  marke,  which  we  have  done. 

"^ Captain  Brightwell's  report  is  as  follows: 

"  Pursuant  to  yor  Exncys  Command  for  Returning  an  account  of  our 
Ranging;  I  do  humlbly  certifye  that  according  to  your  Exncys  late  Order 
for  Ranging  to  the  ffrontiers  I  have  kept  my  men  Ranging  ever  since  to 
the  flFrontier  Plantations,  and  up  and  down  the  Eastern  Branch  towards 
the  head  of  Patuxent  to  the  ffrontiers  there,  and  so  back  again;  ibut  have 
not  mett  with  any  Indians  in  all  our  Range;  nor  any  thing  worth  notice- 
ing,  and  as  to  our  Ranger  before  the  said  Order  we  kept  constantly  Rang- 
ing from  our  Garrison  to  the  Sugar  Lands  wch  we  compute  to  be  about 
forty  miles,  being  generally  Stony  Rocky  land,  near  the  River,  all  the  way 
thither,  and  barrens  backwards,  but  the  Sugar  Lands  extraordinary  rich 
and  continue  soe  for  severall  miles  backwards  ffrom  the  Sugar  Lands  we 
range  away  towards  the  Eastward  to  Potapsco,  wch  we  compute  to  be 
about  fifty  miles,  and  so  from  thence  make  strait  away  to  the  Garrison, 
wch  we  compute  to  be  betwixt  Sixty  and  Seaventy  miles,  in  wch  Range  is 
generally  good  Land;  but  we  have  not  met  nor  seen  any  Indians  these 
twelve  months  except  two  back  Indians  that  came  to  the  ffort ;  hard  before 
Mr.  Stodarts  negro  boye  was  murthered,  who  came  Civilly  into  the  ffort 
&  were  suffer'd  to  depart  without  any  disturbance  as  for  making  any 
other  discoveries,  I  know  of  none  to  give  an  acct  off;  all  wch  is  humbly 
certified  this  12th  day  of  Octobr  Ano  1697  by  your  Exncys  obedient  &  faith- 
full  humble  servant 

Richard  Brightwell " 


126  MARYLAND   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

"  We  have  Ranged  &  made  discovery  of  all  the  Good  Lands 
back  of  our  Road  and  found  a  great  many  Indian  Cabins  '^  & 
Tents  where  we  marked  Trees  and  sett  up  our  names,  We  have 

^  It  is  very  diflBcult  to  form  any  estimate  of  the  numbers  and  character 
of  the  Indian  population  of  old  Baltimore  County  in  the  seventeenth  and 
eighteenth  centuries;  but  it  appears  to  Ibe  certain  that  this  county  never 
had,  within  historic  times,  the  large  indigenous  Indian  populations  that 
Southern  Maryland  and  the  southern  Eastern  Shore  had.  As  far  as  this 
author's  experience  carries,  evidences  of  a  small  Indian  settlement — ^frag- 
ments of  pottery,  numerous  arrowheads,  hammer- stones,  chips  and  spalls, 
with  an  occasional  axe  or  celt,  all  associated  together — ^may  he  found  in 
Baltimore  and  Harford  Counties  in  every  hundred  and  fifty  acres,  while 
the  observant  eye  may  discover  traces  of  the  Indian  almost  everywhere, 
except  in  places  where  the  original  surface  of  the  ground  has  been  removed 
or  covered.  On  the  Chesapeake  and  its  estuaries  extensive  shell-heaps 
occur  between  Homney  'Creek  and  Patapsco  River.  (There  is  one  at  the 
mouth  of  Romney,  Ibut  between  Romney  iCreek  and  iSwan  Creek  I  have 
never  found  any  worth  mentioning,  including  iSpesutia  Island.)  The  vast 
majority  of  these  Indian  remains  must  date  from  earlier  centuries  than 
the  seventeenth. 

iln  the  Baltimore  County  Court  Proceedings  we  find  occasional  refer- 
ences to  Indians  who  seem  to  be,  not  mere  mara\iders  or  wandering  hunt- 
ers, but  residents  of  the  county.  In  the  old  county  levies  for  the  years 
between  1683  and  1706  inclusive  are  frequently  entered  allowances  of 
tobacco  to  the  credit  of  different  settlers  for  wolves'  heads  many  of  which 
are  described  as  "  of  Indian  killing." 

The  following  allusions  to  Indian  oaJbins,  which  the  author  has  collected 
from  various  records,  may  be  found  interesting  and  not  without  some 
historical  value,  although  not  to  be  taken  as  having  any  bearing  on  the 
archaeology  of  Baltimore  County: 

First  of  all  I  will  refer  the  reader  to  a  note  in  my  article  on  "  The  Old 
Indian  Road,"  which  will  be  found  on  page  US'  of  the  June,  1&20,  number 
of  this  Magazine.  The  deposition  there  quoted  seems  to  show  that,  how- 
ever light  in  construction  and  hastily  put  together  an  Indian  caibin  might 
be,  traces  of  it  might  still  endure  for  years. 

In  the  month  of  February,  1687/8,  three  settlers  on  Middle  River — 
Francis  Freeman,  Richard  Enock  and  the  latter's  wife — ^were  assaulted 
by  two  Indians  supposed  to  be  Nanticokes.  Enoek  was  killed  and  the 
other  two  badly  wounded.  Colonel  George  Wells,  the  chief  military  officer 
of  Baltimore  County,  in  a  letter  to  Colonel  Darnall  describing  the  affair, 
says  that  "  Mr.  Francis  Watkins  hearing  thereof  went  with  four  of  their 
family  to  the  Indian  Calbbin  that  the  Indians  belonged  to  and  demanded 
the  Murtherers  but  that  the  Indians  kept  him  off  with  their  guns  pre- 
sented upon  which  he  raised  a  file  or  more  of  men  &  went  again  but  the 
Indians  were  all  gone  before  he  came."      {Md.  Archives,  vni,  5.) 


THE    BALTIMORE    COUNTY    "  GARRISON."  127 

observed  to  see  the  outside  Plantations  since  so  Ordered."  ^^ 
(Md.  Archives,  xxiii,  260-261). 

A  comparison  of  the  two  foregoing  reports  reveals  the  fact 
that,  while  each  furnishes  information  which  the  other  does  not 

It  is  possible  that  this  "  calbin  "  was  the  place  for  which  a  branch  of 
Deep  Creek,  Back  River,  was  named.  A  resurvey  called  "  Hopewill "  laid 
out  for  James  Crook  March  5th,  1705/6,  and  patented  to  Francis  Watkins, 
is  descrilbed  as  lying  "  on  the  north  side  of  Baok  River  near  the  head  of 
a  branch  of  the  said  river  called  Deep  Creek,  beginning  at  a  bounded 
white  oak  standing  (by  a  branch  of  the  said  creek  called  the  Indian  Fort 
Branch  near  the  main  road  going  down  Back  River  Neck  in  Baltemore 
County."  This  land  lies  across  Back  River  Neok  between  Deep  Creek  of 
Back  River  and  Hopewell  (Creek  of  Middle  River.  Just  above  its  mouth 
Deep  Creek  divides  into  two  creeks,  Deep  Creek  (east)  and  Duck  Creek 
( west ) .  iSome  distance  farther  up  Deep  Creek  another  division  occurs. 
The  Indian  Fort  Branch  is  the  southernmost  branch. 

In  the  will  of  Captain  George  Gouldsmith  of  Baltimore  County,  dated 
April  6th,  1666,  the  testator  leaves  to  his  son  George  his  dwelling  plan- 
tation (i.  e.,  "  Gouldsmith's  Rest,"  surveyed  1658,  which  lies  at  the  north 
end  of  iSpesutia  Narrows  opposite  the  north-east  end  of  Spesutia  Island) 
at  16  years  of  age,  with  the  provision,  however,  "that  so  long  as  my  wife 
enjoyeth  and  choseth  upon  this  my  plantation  that  there  may  be  noe  part 
of  ye  land  cleared  or  meddled  with  on  ye  other  side  being  ye  northern 
side  of  a  branch  (evidently  Dipper  or  Goose  Creek)  goeing  towards  a 
peece  of  land  called  ye  Indian  Quarter." 

A  tract  of  land  called  "  Sheppards  Adventure  "  surveyed  for  Rowland 
Shepperd,  January  23rd,  1721-2,  is  described  as  follows:  "lying  on  ye 
west  side  of  Rumley  (now  Romney)  Creek,  beginning  at  a  bounded  Span- 
ish oak,  a  bounded  white  oak  and  a  bounded  water  oak  on  a  point  of  a 
neck  called  the  Indian  Cabbin  Neok."  This  neck  lies  about  a  mile  and 
a  half  above  the  mouth  of  Romney  Creek. 

The  manor  of  Doughoregan,  surveyed  for  Charles  Carroll,  Esq.,  May 
2nd,  1707,  is  thus  described:  "Lying  on  the  Middle  River  of  Patuxent, 
beginning  at  two  bounded  oaks  standing  by  a  blinde  path  leading  from 
Thomas  Brownes  plantation  to  some  Indian  Cabbins  near  the  aforesaid 
Middle  River  which  path  is  marked  all  the  way  from  the  said  plantation 
to  the  said  oaks."  The  original  survey  of  Doughoregan,  August  30th,  1700, 
contained  three  thousand  acres  less  than  the  second.  Mention  is  made 
in  it  of  the  "  blind  path,"  but  not  of  the  Indian  cabins.  Whether  this 
was  an  Indian  path  or  a  settler's  road  is  uncertain.  However,  on  the 
9th  of  March,  1703,  Lord  Baltimore  issued  instructions  to  the  Land  Office 
that  the  manor  was  for  the  time  being  to  be  free  of  rent,  "  being  informed 
by  iMr.  Charles  Carroll  that  he  has  taken  up  10,000  acres  (i.  e.,  "Dough- 
oregan" and  adjacent  tracts)    of  land  in  Baltimore  County  upon  some 


128  MAEYLAIS^D   HISTOEICAL   MAGAZINE. 

contain,  neither  one  contradicts  the  other  in  any  way.  Both 
agree  in  giving  the  distance  from  the  Garrison  to  the  north  side 
of  Deer  Creek  as  forty  miles  hy  the  Garrison  road,  and  the 
distance  from  the  Garrison  to  the  Main  falls  of  Patapsco  River 

of  the  Branches  of  Patuxent  River  which  is  remote  and  not  likely  to  be 
seated  in  some  time."     (Patents,  Liber  D.  D.  No.  5,  f.  711.) 

"  Calarney "  surveyed  for  Mathew  Organ  September  26th,  1721,  lies 
on  the  west  side  of  the  -Middle  Branch  of  Patapsco  River,  "  beginning  at 
two  bounded  white  oaks  and  a  bounded  red  oak  standing  near  the  head 
of  a  branch  called  the  Indian  Cabin  Cove."  I  cannot  exactly  locate  this 
tract. 

Before  a  land  commission  held  to  determine  the  bounds  of  a  tract  called 
"  Everly  Hills "  one  Edward  Saunders  aged  sixty-three  years  being  a 
quaker,  affirmed  on  February  22nd,  1766,  that  "  John  Nelson  about  twenty- 
eight  years  ago  told  this  deponent  at  several  times  that  Daniel  Scott 
the  younger  or  William  Butteram  bounded  a  tree  on  Pogans  Branch  near 
the  Injians  Cabins  and  was  threatened  to  be  whipped."  (Baltimore 
County  Land  Records,  Deeds,  Liber  B.  No.  P,  f.  174-180.)  "  Everly  Hills  " 
lies  on  the  road  between  Bel  Air  and  Abingdon,  near  the  former  place. 
Mr.  Somerville,  Surveyor  for  Harford  County,  informs  me  that  Pogans 
Branch  must  be  the  first  branch  descending  into  the  west  side  of  Bynam's 
Run  below  Bel  Air.  Other  depositions  taken  before  the  same  land  com- 
mission mention  Bynam's  Run  and  the  mouth  of  Pogan's  Run.  It  is 
possible  that  "  Pogan  "  was  an  Indian. 

In  the  year  1716  Charles  Simmons  and  James  Preston  were  appointed 
commissioners  to  examine  evidences  touching  the  bounds  of  a  tract  called 
"  Beall's  Camp "  or  Beale's  Camp "  "  which  are  gone  to  decay  and  de- 
feated (sic)  p  (per)  the  Heathen."  This  tract,  which  contained  1,000 
acres,  was  surveyed  for  Major  Ninian  Beall  in  1683,  and  lies  on  the 
east  side  of  Winter's  Run  adjacent  to  and  north  of  the  Bel  Air  Road 
(now  Lincoln  Highway).  ISymon  Pearson,  aged  sixty-six  years,  testified 
before  this  commission  "  that  he  did  know  the  .  .  .  dead  white  oak  .  .  . 
to  be  as  faire  a  bounded  tree  as  ever  he  did  see  stand  in  the  woods  and 
was  then  a  green  and  growing  tree  17  or  18  years  agoe  and  seemingly 
an  ancient  bounded  tree  and  hath  been  heretofore  deputed  for  the  begin- 
ning tree  of  the  aforesaid  Bealls  Camp  and  further  saith  that  he  did. 
know  two  Indians  that  came  to  his  house  and  did  tell  him  that  (sic) 
the  said  Symon  Pearson  to  come  to  their  cabbins  and  fetch  some  meat 
and  when  he  came  the  Indians  were  gone  from  their  cabbins  and  had 
cutt  and  destroyed  the  bounds  of  the  aforesaid  dead  white  oak  which  was 
then  a  green  and  growing  tree."  (Chancery  Proceedings,  Liber  P.  L., 
1712-1724,  f.   326-327.) 

A  small  tract  of  land  called  "  Price's  Good  Will "  surveyed  for  Stephen 
Price   September   29th,    1760,  is   described   as   lying  in  Lord  Baltimore's 


THE    BALTIMORE    COUNTY    "  GAEEISON."  129 

as  twenty  miles  by  the  road.  If  we  accept  the  fact  that  the 
two  reports  do  not  contradict  each  one  another,  then  we  are  at 
liberty,  by  putting  them  together,  to  deduce  the  following  facts : 
(1)  that  the  first  outpost  or  "cabin"  on  the  Garrison  road  to 
Deer  Creek  stood  between  the  Great  and  the  Little  Falls  of 
Gunpowder  River,  in  what  was  called  the  Fork  of  Gunpowder, 

Keserve,  "  beginning  at  a  bounded  hickory  tree  standing  by  the  Indian  Old 
Fields."  (Unpatented  Certificate  1309,  Baltimore  County.)  This  land 
was  later  (1774)  resurveyed  into  a  slightly  larger  tract  called  "Price's 
Chance,"  in  the  description  of  which  the  Indian  Old  Fields  are  again  men- 
tioned. The  last  named  tract  was  resurveyed  in  1795  into  a  tract  of 
104%  acres  called  "  Long  Look."  The  resurvey  lies  on  Oregon  Run 
(formerly  Shewan  Cabin  Branch),  and  adjoins  "  Gerar,"  the  well  known 
estate  of  the  late    Gittings  Merryman. 

"  Richardson's  Outlet,"  surveyed  for  Thomas  Richardson  February 
18th,  1750,  lies  in  the  Reserve  and  beings  "  at  two  bounded  white  oaks 
standing  near  a  branch  which  descends  into  the  north  side  of  Deer 
Creek  the  said  boiinded  white  oaks  stand  on  the  east  side  of  the 
said  branch  about  forty  perches  below  the  mouth  of  Indian  Wills  Cab- 
bin  Branch."  (Unpatented  Certificate  1380,  Baltimore  County.) 
"Hills  of  Poverty,"  laid  out  for  Abraham  Jarrett  February  15th,  1771, 
begins  "  at  a  bounded  red  oak  standing  on  the  east  of  Indian 
Wills  Cabbin  Branch."  I  have  found  among  the  notes  of  the  late  Dr. 
George  Archer  of  Harford  County  notice  of  a  law  suit  which  was  tried 
in  1799  and  involved  the  bounds  of  "  Richardson's  Outlet."  Depositions 
in  the  case  refer  to  Indian  Will's  Cabin  Branch,  and  Hyram  Dickinson 
proves  the  exact  spot  where  "  Indian  Will's  "  cabin  stood. 

*'  McPike's  Reserve "  surveyed  for  John  McPike  July  15th,  1752,  lies 
in  the  Reserve  "  on  the  south  side  of  Deer  Creek,  beginning  at  a  bounded 
white  oak  standing  in  a  fork  of  the  Indian  Cabbin  Branch  on  the  north 
side  of  the  Little  Creek  (i.  e..  Little  Deer  Creek)."  (Proprietary  Leases, 
Liber  G.  G.  B.  No.  B.,  f.  83.) 

^  This  probably  refers  to  an  order  of  the  Council  issued  August  20th, 
1697,  as  follows: 

"  Upon  Representation  and  Advice  this  day  Reed  concerning  some 
Insolencies  lately  committed  by  Indians  among  the  ffrontier  Plantations 
in  Baltemore  County;  Ordered  that  the  Rangers  (upon  sight  thereof) 
keep  constantly  Ranging  betwixt  their  flfort  and  the  said  ffrontier  Plan- 
tations untill  further  Ordr  and  that  they  call  in  at  the  said  Plantacons 
and  Inform  themselves  how  matters  are  and  that  if  they  meet  any 
Indians  comitting  any  insolencies  Violencies  or  other  unlawful  act  that 
they  flForthwith  seize  and  Apprehend  and  under  safe  and  secure  Conduct 
send  them  down  to  the  Port  of  Annapolis  unto  his  Exncy  the  Grovr." 
(Md.  Archives,  xxm,  201.) 


130  MARYLAND   HISTORICAL,   MAGAZINE. 

and  was  distant  three  miles  from  the  Great  Falls  and  five  miles 
from  the  Little  Falls  by  the  road;  (2)  that  the  second  outpost 
stood  ten  miles  beyond  the  Little  Falls  and  mid-way  between 
the  Little  Falls  and  the  third  outpost,  and  that  it  was  two  miles 
beyond  the  intersection  of  the  Garrison  road  with  a  branch  of 
Winter's  Eun;  (3)  that  the  outpost  between  the  Garrison  and 
Patapsco  Falls  was  mid-way  on  the  Garrison  road  to  Patapsco 
Falls  and  two  miles  by  road  west  of  the  intersection  of  the 
Garrison  road  with  one  of  the  western  branches  of  Gwinn's 
Falls,  or  six  miles  west  of  Gwinn's  Falls. 

With  these  facts  in  mind,  let  us  now  see  what  evidences  may 
exist  by  which  the  probable  routes  of  these  garrison  roads  may 
be  determined,  and  by  which  the  general,  if  not  the  exact,  loca- 
tion of  the  several  outposts  which  were  situated  upon  them,  may 
be  ascertained;  and  let  us  first  turn  our  attention  to  the  road 
which  went  from  the  Garrison  to  the  cabin  on  the  north  side  of 
Deer  Creek. 

In  the  upper  part  of  Harford  County,  between  Deer  Creek 
and  Broad  Creek,  and  in  the  neighborhood  of  Dublin,  are 
the  sources  of  a  large  stream  which  is  known  today  as  Green 
Coat  Branch,  and  which  in  records  of  the  early  eighteenth  cen- 
tury is  called  by  the  singular  and  highly  suggestive  name  of 
Green  Coat  Cabin  Branch.^*    The  mouth  of  this  branch,  which 

^  "  Meadow  Land  "  surveyed  for  Stephen  Onion  Novemiber  10th,  1730,  is 
described  as  follows :  "  beginning  at  a  single  rock  stone  on  the  west 
side  of  a  small  (branch  called  Green  iCoat  Calbin  Branch  and  is  aJbout 
five  perches  from  the  said  branch  where  it  falls  into  Broad  Creek." 
"Cleehill,"  surveyed  for  Stephen  Onion  November  10th,  1730,  lies  "about 
three  miles  from  Susquehanna  GRiver  and  about  a  mile  from  the  south 
side  of  Broad  Creek,  beginning  at  Michael  French's  spring  which  runs 
into  'Green  'Coat  Cabin  Branch  and  is  albout  eighty  perches  to  the  east 
of  it."  "  Ashmore's  Retirement "  surveyed  for  Walter  Ashmore  Dec 
ember  30th,  1743,  begins:  "at  two  bounded  white  oaks  standing  near  a 
branch  called  Greencoats  Branch."  "  Fisher's  Delight "  surveyed  for 
William  Fisher  February  8th,  1759,  is  described  as  follows:  "lying  in 
Baltimore  County  on  the  north  side  of  Deer  Creek  between  a  tract  of 
land  called  Arabia  Petrea  and  a  tract  of  land  called  Giles  and  Webster's 
Discovery,  beginning  at  a  bounded  white  oak  standing  on  a  ridge  between 
two  branches  of  a  run  called  Green  Coat  Run." 


THE    BALTIMORE    COUNTY    "  GARKISON."  131 

descends  into  the  south  side  of  Broad  Creek,  is  a  little  more 
than  two  and  a  half  miles  from  Susquehanna  River.  The  name 
of  the  branch  can  be  traced  back  to  the  year  1730,  but  appar- 
ently no  farther;  yet  it  seems  highly  probable  that  it  is  con- 
siderably older.  Between  Dublin  and  Broad  Creek,  and  on 
Green  Coat  Cabin  Branch,  is  a  hill  which  bears  the  name  of 
Green  Coat  Hill.  This  hill  is  not  mentioned  by  name  in  any 
old  records,  so  far  as  my  experience  goes ;  but  it  is  still  possible 
that  the  name  is  contemporary  with  that  of  the  stream. 

It  was  the  theory  of  the  late  Dr.  George  Archer  of  Harford 
County,  as  the  author  has  learned  from  a  study  of  his  notes, 
that  somewhere  on  Green  Coat  Cabin  Branch  stood  the  last 
"  cabin  "  on  the  "  garrison  road  "  to  Deer  Creek — the  "  cabin 
on  the  north  side  of  Deer  Creek  "  of  Captain  John  Oldton's 
report ;  and  he  believed  that  it  was  from  this  "  cabin  "  that  the 
stream  derived  its  peculiar  name.  Dr.  Archer  was  acquainted 
with  the  order  of  the  Council  of  the  year  1692,  which  has  been 
quoted  elsewhere  in  this  article,  which  provided  that  the  fort  to 
be  erected  in  Baltimore  County  was  to  have  attached  to  it  a 
"  cabin  "  garrisoned  by  four  Indians  whose  business  it  should 
be  to  hunt  and  to  furnish  the  rangers  with  game.  Dr.  Archer 
was  doubtless  well  aware  that  this  order  of  the  Council  appar- 
ently applied  only  to  the  main  fort  or  "  garrison,"  and  that  we 
do  not  know  positively  where  this  fort  was  built,  if  it  was  not 
identical  with  "  The  Garrison,"  and  are  hardly  in  a  position 
to  assume  that  it  stood  on  Green  Coat  Cabin  Branch.  Even 
then,  however,  there  appears  to  be  considerable  justification  for 
Dr.  Archer's  theory.  Dr.  Archer  believed  that  "  green  coat  ** 
meant  a  matchcoat — one  of  those  bright-colored  garments  which 
were  a  source  of  so  much  joy  to  the  Indian  and  of  profit  to  the 
trader ;  and  he  recalled  the  fact  that  the  Indians  who  were  to  be 
attached  to  the  fort  built  in  Baltimore  County  in  1692  were 
to  be  paid  in  matchcoats.  There  seems  to  be  nothing  in  the 
theory  that  the  farthest  outpost  on  the  north-eastern  garrison 
road  stood  on  Green  Coat  Cabin  Branch  which  would  be  at 
variance  with  the  known  facts,  and  there  is  in  it  much  that  is 


132  MARYLAND   HISTOKICAL   MAGAZINE. 

satisfying.  It  is  to  be  supposed  tliat  the  rangers  had  their  0A;vn 
special  names  for  each  of  the  outpost  "  cabins,"  and  "  Green 
Coat  Cabin  "  may  have  been  the  name  of  this  one.  The  fact 
that  the  colors  of  the  Baltimore  County  militia  were,  at  this 
period,  green,  may  have  nothing  to  do  with  the  case,  but  ought 
at  least  to  be  worth  noting.^^ 

The  second  cabin  or  outpost  on  the  road  between  the  Garrison 
and  Deer  Creek  was,  according  to  Captain  Oldton's  reports,  ten 
miles  by  road  south-west  from  the  last  cabin.  It  was  ten  miles 
by  road  north-east  of  the  Little  Falls  of  Gunpowder  River,  and 
two  miles  by  the  road  north-east  of  a  branch  of  Winters  Run. 
It  evidently  stood  somewhere  between  Winters  Run  and  Deer 
Creek. 

About  three  miles  north-west  of  Bel  Air  lie  the  head  springs 
of  a  branch  which,  from  time  immemorial,  has  borne  the  name 
of  the  Bear  Cabin  Branch.  The  late  Dr.  Archer  was  impressed 
by  the  fact  that  this  is  the  only  known  branch  of  Winters  Run 
in  the  name  of  which  the  word  "  cabin "  is  found,  and  he 
thought  it  probable  that  the  second  cabin  or  outpost  stood  some- 
where within  the  valley  of  this  stream.  The  antiquity  of  the 
name  of  Bear  Cabin  Branch  is  proved  beyond  all  doubt,^®  and 

*By  order  of  a  Council  held  October  11th,  1694,  the  colors  for  horse, 
foot  and  dragoons  in  Baltimore  County  were  to  be  green.  (Md.  Archives, 
XX,  p.    154.) 

*  "  Ewings'  Luck,"  600  acres,  surveyed  for  John  Ewings  October  24th, 
1704,  is  thus  described:  "Lying  in  Baltimore  County  at  the  head  of 
Bush  River  in  the  woods  on  the  north  side  of  Winters  Run  opposite  to 
Cecills  Adventure  (i.  e.,  a  tract  surveyed  the  same  day  for  one  Joshua 
Cecil)  near  a  piece  of  low  springy  ground  by  ye  mouth  of  a  branch 
called  Bear  Cabbin  Branch  descending  into  Winters  Run."  This  is  the 
earliest  occurrence  of  the  name  I  have  found  in  the  records.  On  August 
10th,  1738,  before  a  land  commission  held  on  behalf  of  Lemuel  Howard 
to  determine  the  bounds  of  "  Andrews  Lott,"  Simon  Pearson,  aged 
seventy-eight  years,  deposed  "  that  about  seven  or  eight  and  forty  years 
ago  a  certain  Thomas  Jones  told  him  that  the  beginning  tree  of  Andrews 
Lott  stood  above  the  mouth  of  a  great  branch  that  now  is  called  Bear 
Cabbin  Branch  and  near  the  main  branch  of  Bush  River  (i.  e..  Winters 
Run)."  (Baltimore  County  Court  Proceedings,  Land  Commissions,  Liber 
H.  W.  S.  No.  4,  f.  35  et  seq.)     The  foregoing  records  indicate  that  dt)out 


THE    BALTIMOKE    COUNTY    "  GARRISON."  133 

it  may  well  be  that  Dr.  Archer's  theory  is  correct.  The  second 
cabin  did  indeed  lie  two  miles  beyond  where  the  road  inter- 
sected a  branch  of  Winters  Run.  If  this  branch  is  the  next 
branch  to  the  westward  of  Bear  Cabin  Branch,  then  the  cabin 
probably  stood  within  the  watershed  of  the  latter.  If  Bear 
Cabin  Branch  itself  was  meant,  then  it  is  possible  that  the 
road  first  intersected  the  branch  near  its  mouth,  and  followed 
up  the  valley  for  two  miles  to  the  second  cabin.  If  the  explana- 
tion of  the  name  of  Green  Coat  Cabin  Branch  is  true,  we  might 
be  led  to  suppose  that  the  rangers  had  a  name  for  the  second 
cabin,  and  that  they  called  it  "  The  Bear  Cabin  " ;  but  this  is 
only  a  conjecture. 

The  foregoing  theories  with  regard  to  the  situation  of  the 
two  cabins  have,  if  placed  together,  this  at  least  to  recommend 
them,  that  they  are  not  in  conflict  with  the  facts.  If  the  rang- 
ers' road  between  the  Garrison  and  the  north  side  of  Deer  Creek 
passed  across  Bear  Cabin  Branch  and  into  the  valley  of  Green 
Coat  Cabin  Branch,  Captain  Oldton's  description  of  it,  his 
estimate  of  distances  and  directions,  is  substantially  correct,  if 
we  allow  for  the  probable  winding  and  devious  nature  of  the 
road  in  certain  places  and  the  exaggeration  of  distances  which 
travel  in  the  forest  is  apt  to  beget. 

The  first  cabin  or  outpost  on  Captain  Oldton's  road  to  Deer 

1690  or  1691  the  English  had  no  name  for  Bear  Cabin  Branch,  and  that 
the  branch  received  its  present  name  between  those  dates  and  1704, 
which  helps  to  strengthen  the  theory  that  the  name  was  taken  from  one  of 
the  cabins  on  the  "  garrison  road "  to  Deer  Creek,  The  name  is  cer- 
tainly a  singular  one,  hard  to  explain,  and  any  attempt  to  explain  it 
will  certainly  sound  far-fetched.  If  the  "  cabin  "  was  indeed  one  of  the 
rangers'  outposts,  and  was  garrisoned  by  Indians,  it  is  just  possible  that 
these  Indians  had  the  totem  of  a  bear,  and  decorated  the  cabin  with  the 
head  or  with  some  representation  of  a  bear.  If  this  theory  is  incorrect,  it 
it  almost  safe  to  suppose  that  the  cabin  was  an  Indian  cabin,  and  it  may 
still  have  been  adorned  in  this  way;  or  a  she-bear  might  have  made  her 
liome  in  it  and  had  a  litter  of  cubs  there.  It  is  worthy  of  note  that  we 
find,  miles  to  the  eastward  of  Bear  Cabin  Branch,  on  the  east  side  of 
the  Great  Falls  of  Gunpowder  River,  a  stream  called  in  the  old  records  the 
Cub  Cabin  Branch.  IWe  will  later  have  occasion  to  consider  the  origin  of 
this    name. 


134  MAEYLAND   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

Creek  was  undoubtedly  situated  in  the  Fork  of  Gunpowder  Eiver 
between  tbe  two  "  falls,"  but  nearer  the  Great  Falls  than  to 
the  Little  Falls,  at  least  by  the  road.  All  evidences  which  would 
determine  its  exact  or  even  general  location  has  apparently  per- 
ished; yet  it  seems  very  probable  that  it  stood  somewhere  in 
what  is  now  the  Tenth  District  of  Baltimore  County,  or  pos- 
sibly in  the  upper  part  of  the  Eleventh  District. 

Any  attempt  to  identify  any  part  of  the  ranger's  road  from 
the  Garrison  to  the  north  side  of  Deer  Creek  with  roads  still 
in  existence  or  in  use  today  would  probably  be  futile.  The  ford 
by  which  the  road  crossed  the  Great  Falls  of  Gunpowder  River 
is  not  known.     It  may  have  been  Meredith's  Ford,^'^  unless 

^''  Authentic  references  to  Meredith's  Ford  are  of  rather  late  date.  In 
the  Maryland  Journal  and  Baltimore  Advertiser  for  Fdbruary  8th,  1785, 
George  Fitzhugh,  ancestor  of  the  Fitzhughs  of  Dulany's  Valley,  offers  a 
reward  for  the  return  of  a  run-away  slave,  and  describes  himself  as 
residing  "  in  the  Fork  of  Gunpowder  near  Meredith's  Ford."  In  a  deed 
dated  October  r8th,  1808,  James  Carroll  and  John  Scott,  trustees  for  the 
estate  of  Captain  Charles  Ridgely,  conveyed  to  William  Goodwin  and  James 
Gittings,  Jr.,  part  of  "  Dulany's  Park  Resurveyed,"  "  lying  on  the  south 
side  of  the  Great  Falls  of  Gunpowder  River,  beginning  at  a  bounded  white 
oak  standing  on  the  north  side  of  the  main  road  leading  to  Meredith's 
Ford."  Among  the  papers  relating  to  the  division  of  the  real  estate 
of  General  Charles  Ridgely  of  Hampton  (Baltimore  County  Land  Records, 
Liber  W.  G.  No.  191,  f.  196  et  seq.)  dated  November  24th,  1831,  several 
references  will  be  found  to  "  the  Old  York  Road  "  where  it  crosses  Gun- 
powder Falls  "  at  the  place  known  as  Meredith's  Ford  where  there  is  now 
a    bridge." 

It  is  almost  safe  to  assume  that  Meredith's  Ford  was  known  long 
before  1785.  I  think  that  the  following  orders  about  roads,  which  I  have 
taken  from  the  Baltimore  County  Court  Proceedings,  undoubtedly  allude 
to  Meredith's  Ford.  I  have  not  been  able,  however,  to  ascertain  what 
land  Samuel  Meredith  lived  on,  for  whom  the  ford  appears  to  have  been 
named: 

"Benjamin  Kidd  Wilson  is  appointed  overseer  (of  the  roads)  from 
Boyce's  (Roger  Boyce — at  or  near  the  intersection  of  the  Old  York  Road 
and  the  Old  Manor  Road  from  Cromwell's  Bridge,  that  is,  near  Slade's 
Tavern)  to  Isaac  Risteaii's  Mill  (probably  near  Loch  Raven)  and  from 
said  Boyces  by  Richard  Wilmotts  to  Samuel  Merediths  and  from  thence 
by  Thomas  Gittings  and  John  Chamlberlains  (in  the  Long  Green  Valley) 
untill  it  intersects  the  road  from  Thomas  Johnsons  (near  Fork)  by 
Walter  Tolleys  quarter    (on  Haystack  Branch,  south-east  of  Long  Green) 


THE    BALTIMORE    COUNTY    "  GARRISON."  135 

indeed  there  were  other  good  fords  on  the  Falls  above  Mere- 
dith's Ford  within  a  distance  of  two  or  three  miles.  If  we 
knew  the  place  where  the  road  forded  the  Grreat  Falls  we  might 
be  in  a  position  to  determine  the  approximate  course  of  the 
road  between  the  Garrison  and  the  Falls.  If  the  reader  is  un- 
willing to  accept  the  names  of  Green  Coat  Cabin  Branch  and  of 
Bear  Cabin  Branch  as  evidence,  we  must  depend  on  Captain 
Oldton's  report,  and  on  certain  other  early  records,  the  value 
of  which  is  not  above  being  questioned.^ ^ 

as  it  was  laid  out  by  the  said  Tolley  and  Nicholas  Ruxton  Gay  and 
from  Boyces  to  the  Great  Falls  where  Stansburys  old  mill  was  (at 
Cromwell's  Bridge — this  means  the  Old  Manor  Eoad)."  (Liber  B.  B. 
No.  A,  f.  443  et  seq.,  November  Court,  1754.) 

"Thomas  iStansbury,  Jr.,  continued  (overseer)  from  the  Great  Falls  by 
Samuel  Merediths  toward  Baltimore  Town  until  it  intersects  the  Court 
Road,  from  Richard  Chincoths  toward  Baltimore  Town  untill  it  inter- 
sects the  Court  Road"  (same  reference  as  the  foregoing).  "The  court 
appoints  William  Tapnal  overseer  of  the  Road  from  Roger  Boyces  to 
Isaac  Risteau's  Mill  and  from  said  Boyces  to  Richard  Wilmotts  to  the 
Falls  by  Samuel  Merediths  and  from  thence  by  Thomas  Gittings  and 
John  Chamberlains  untill  it  intersects  the  road  from  Thomas  Johnsons 
by  Walter  Tolleys  quarter  as  it  was  laid  out  by  said  Tolley  and  Nicholas 
Ruxton  Gay  and  from  the  said  Boyces  to  the  Great  Falls  where  Stans- 
burys old  mill  was"  (Liber  B.  B.  No.  C,  November  Court,  1756).  The 
difference  between  this  record  and  the  one  previously  quoted  is  chiefly 
that,  instead  of  the  phrase  "  to  Samuel  Merediths "  we  have  "  to  the 
Falls  by  Samuel  Merediths."  Exactly  the  same  order  and  description  of 
roads  will  be  found  in  "  Sessions,"  March  Court,  1757,  f.  81-88) .  "  Thomas 
Mash " — evidently  Thomas  Marsh — ^was  then  appointed  the  overseer  of 
these  roads. 

It  is  evident  that  the  above  records  have  reference  to  one  continuous 
road  which  led  from  Roger  Boyce's  (Slade's  Tavern)  down  across  the 
Great  Falls  by  Samuel  Meredith's  to  the  Court  Road.  I  feel  almost 
certain  that  this  was  the  Old  York  Road  or  Dulany's  Valley  Turnpike, 
between  Slade's  Tavern  and  Towson,  and  that  Samuel  Meredith  gave 
his   name   to  Meredith's   Ford. 

^  I  find,  however,  in  an  old  deposition  information  which  may  solve  the 
question  of  the  course  taken  by  the  Garrison  Road  to  Deer  Creek,  on  leav- 
ing the  Garrison.  This  deposition  was  taken  May  30th,  1754,  before  a 
land  commission  held  on  behalf  of  William  Gockey  to  determine  the  bounds 
of  "  Gookey's  Trust,"  "  Gockey's  Folley,"  "  Helmore "  and  "  Helmore's 
Addition."  Edward  Tulley,  aged  sixty-six  years  or  thereabouts,  "  being 
at  the  ibeginning  tree  of  CoCkey's  Trust  and  the  second  bounded  tree  of 


136  MARYLAND   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

The  discovery  that  a  brancli  of  the  Great  Falls  of  Gunpowder 
once  bore  the  name  of  the  First  Cabin  Branch  might  lead  us 
to  the  conclusion  that  we  had  found  the  locality  at  least  in 
which  stood  the  "  first  cabin  "  on  Captain  Oldton's  road  to  Deer 

Cellsed  and  the  beginning  tree  of  iCarses  Forest "  deposed  "  that  he  this 
deponent  was  in  company  with  Fearce  Welch  upwards  of  forty  years  agoe, 
going  towards  ye  house  of  John  Cockeys  then  heing  in  a  Road  that  led 
from  Oultons  Garrison  to  the  said  John  Cocikeys,  then  he  this  Deponent 
asked  the  said  Welch  whose  land  they  then  were  on:  the  said  Welsh  told 
him  this  deponent  it  belonged  to  Carroll  some  time  after- 

wards this  deponent  asked  the  said  AVelsh  who  them  high  Hills  belonged 
to;  the  said  Welsh  told  this  Dep.  that  them  hills  they  were  on  &  coming 
down  belonged  to  Carse  land  and  this  deponent  further  saith  he  asked 
the  said  Welsh  what  was  the  Reason  that  Carses  land  lay  among  them 
high  hills  and  the  said  Welsh  told  him  this  deponent  it  was  occasioned 
to  lye  there  because  of  Cockeys'  land  "  (Baltimore  County  Court  Proceed- 
ings, Land  Commissions,  Liber  H.  W.  iS.  No.  4,  f.  249  et  seq.)  The  com- 
missioners found :  "  The  beginning  tree  of  Cockeys  Trust  is  a  white  oak 
tree  standing  on  the  north  side  of  Jones  Falls  about  three  perches  from 
the  said  Falls  and  the  2nd  bounded  tree  of  Cockeys  Trust  is  a  maple  tree 
standing  near  a  large  Run  called  Deep  run."  A  large  plat  of  "  Cockey's 
Trust "  and  surrounding  tracts,  made  in  connection  with  the  suits  of 
Johnson  versus  Bosley  and  Johnson  versus  Kramer,  will  be  found  in  the 
Maryland  Land  Record  GfBce.  The  date  of  this  plat  is  the  late  eighteenth 
or  early  nineteenth  century.  The  beginning  of  "  Cockey's  Trust "  and  of 
"  Carse's  Forest "  lies  on  Jones  Falls  a  short  distance  north-east  of  Brook- 
landville  Station.  "  Cockey's  Trust "  lies  across  the  Green  Spring  Valley, 
extending  from  Brooklandville  and  from  Deep  Run  to  Green  Spring  Avenue 
or  thereabouts,  as  near  as  I  can  determine.  "  Carse's  Forest "  lies  between 
"  Cockey's  Trust  "  and  "  Ely  O'Carroll,"  on  Jones  Falls.  Much  of  it  prob- 
ably taken  away  by  "Cockey's  Trust";  both  tracts  were  surveyed  in  1696, 
but  the  latter  is  the  elder  survey,  which  accounts  for  the  last  part  of 
Edward  Tulley's  deposition. 

This  deposition  undoubtedly  describes  a  very  early  road  leading  from 
the  Garrison  in  a  north-easterly  direction  over  the  hills  and  down  across 
Jones  Falls  to  the  level  land  of  the  Green  Spring  Valley.  The  time  to 
which  it  refers,  "  upwards  of  forty  years  ago  "  in  May,  1754,  cannot  be 
later  than  1713,  if  the  memory  of  the  deponent  was  correct;  and  it  may 
have  been  several  years  earlier.  There  is  no  doubt  that  by  his  reference 
to  Carroll's  land  Pierce  Welsh  meant  "  Ely  O'Carroll,"  and  that  when  he 
referred  to  Carse's  land  he  meant  "Carse's  Forest."  John  Cockey's  plan- 
tation most  probaJbly  stood  on  "'Cockey's  Trust."  When  Edward  Tulley 
asked  Pierce  Welsh  why  Carse's  land  lay  among  the  "  hills  they  were  on 
&  then  coming  down,"  he  must  have  been  looking  down  on   the  Green 


THE    BALTIMORE    COUNTY    "  GARRISON."  137 

Creek,  but  the  earliest  occurrence  of  the  name  is  prior  to  that 
order  of  the  Council  which  directed  Captain  Oldton  to  build 
cabins  at  intervals  on  his  roads,  and  the  valley  of  the  stream 
lies  on  the  west  side  of  the  Great  Falls,  while  we  know  that 

Spring  Valley  from  the  heights  somewhere  between  Green  Spring  Avenue 
and  the  Falls  Road,  wondering  why  Carse  had  taken  up  his  lands  among 
the  rough  hills,  instead  of  in  the  rich  level  valley  which  lay  before  him. 
And  in  all  probaibility  he  was  riding  over  the  same  road  which  Captain 
John  Oldton  and  his  rangers  had  travelled  not  more  than  fifteen  years 
before,  when  all  that  country  was  a  wilderness. 

The  following  records  may  throw  some  light  on  the  question  of  the  ford 
or  fords  at  which  the  Garrison  Road  crossed  Deer  Creek,  and  on  the  course 
of  the  road  sixteen  miles  in  length  which  ran  from  the  cabin  on  the  north 
side  of  Deer  Creek  to  the  nearest  settlements :  "  Thomas  Litton  is  ap- 
pointed overseer  of  the  roads  from  Johnsons  Ford  where  Deer  Creek  road 
formerly  came  in  to  John  Websters  Rolling  road  from  Coll  Hollands  Ford 
to  Esq.  Halls  Rolling  house  and  from  Thomas  Cullings  to  Susquehannah 
Upper  Ferry"  (June  Court,  1730,  Baltimore  County  Court  Proceedings, 
Liber  I.  W.  S.  No.  6,  1728-il730,  f.  416)  I  think  that  "Deer  Creek  road" 
may  allude  to  the  Garrison  Road,  either  to  the  road  from  the  Garrison  to 
Deer  Creek  or  else  to  the  road  from  the  last  cabin  down  across  Deer  Creek 
to  the  settlements.  At  this  time,  of  course,  the  settlements  had  long  since 
passed  across  Deer  Creek;  but  the  record  is  none  the  less  early.  This  is 
the  first  direct  allusion  I  find  to  Johnson's  Ford,  which  was  on  Deer  Creek 
at  the  mouth  of  Thomas's  Run,  and  is  identical  with  the  famous  Priest's 
Ford;  but  in  March,  1729/30,  Samuel  Durbin  was  appointed  overseer  of 
the  roads  "  from  Thomas  Johnsons  down  to  the  main  road  that  goes  to 
Coll  Hollands  Quarter  from  thence  to  the  Rolling  house"  (ibid.,  f.  363), 
which  probably  meant  a  road  going  to  Johnson's  Ford.  In  or  about  the 
year  1746  a  writ  of  ad  quod  damnum  was  issued  on  part  of  a  tract  of 
land  called  "  Rich  Point "  for  the  purpose  of  erecting  a  forge  mill.  The 
land  taken  up  under  this  writ  is  described  as  situated  opposite  the  mouth 
of  Thomas's  Run  at  Johnson's  Ford.  (Chancery  Record,  Liber  I.  R.  No. 
4,  f.  97.)  This  was  the  Lancaster  Forge,  which  Preston  in  his  History 
of  Harford  County  says  was  located  near  Priest's  Ford.  But  a  map 
of  Harford  County,  dated  1872  and  now  in  the  State  Library,  shows  Priest's 
Ford  about  a  quarter  of  a  mile  below  Thomas's  Run.  However,  I  think 
the  fords  are  identical.  Colonel  Holland's  Ford  was  almost  certainly  a 
ford  on  Deer  Creek  not  far  above  the  mouth  of  Graveyard  Branch,  on  a 
tract  of  1000  acres  which  Colonel  William  Holland  bought  of  Enoch 
Spinkes  in  1709.  This  tract  lies  on  both  sides  of  Deer  Creek  just  above 
the  mouth  of  Graveyard  Branch,  and  was  called  "  Batchellor's  Good  Luck." 
I  think  this  was  the  ford  called  Farmer's  Ford  in  later  records,  which 
evidently  derived  its  name  from  a  family  named  Farmer  which  owned  land 
in  that   neighborhood.     John  Hall,   Esq.,'8   rolling-hovise  was   probaibly   at 

3 


138  MABYLAND   HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

Captain's  Oldton's  "  first  cabin  "  stood  between  the  Great  Falls 
and  the  Little  Falls.  Moreover,  any  road  whicli  connected  the 
Garrison  with,  a  cabin  situated  on  the  First  Cabin  Branch  could 
not  by  any  stretch  of  imagination  be  said  to  run  in  a  north- 
easterly direction. 

the  head  of  Bush  River.  Susquehanna  Upper  Ferry  was  at  the  mouth 
of  Rock  Run. 

The  description  of  a  tract  called  "  Aquilla's  Inheritance  "  surveyed  for 
John  Hall,  Esq.,  Decemlber  19th,  1699,  for  732  acres,  contains  an  import- 
ant mention  of  a  road.  It  is  as  follows:  "  lying  in  Baltimore  County  on 
the  south  side  of  Susquehanna  River,  beginning  at  a  bounded  poplar 
standing  in  the  Fork  of  a  branch  of  Deer  Creek  respecting  a  parcell  of 
land  of  George  Abbotts  (i.  e.,  probaJbly  "Abbott's  Forest,"  surveyed  1684), 
thence  north  28  degrees  easterly  116  perches  to  a  bounded  poplar,  thence 
west  64  perches  to  another  bounded  poplar,  thence  north  east  80  perches 
to  a  bounded  red  oak,  thence  north  20  degrees  westerly  118  perches  to  a 
bounded  white  oak  standing  in  a  thickett,,  thence  north  60  perches  to  a 
bounded  chesnut  upon  a  ridge,  thence  north  80  degrees  westerly  to  a 
bounded  red  oak  upon  a  ridge  standing  to  the  westward  of  the  road  to 
Dear  Creek."  "  United  Addition  "  surveyed  for  John  Hall,  Esq.,  Septem- 
ber 3rd,  1704,  is  thus  described:  "lying  in  the  woods  on  the  south  side 
of  Deer  Creek  beginning  at  a  bounded  red  oak  of  Aquillas  Inheritance  on 
the  west  side  of  a  road."    This  survey  bounds  on  "  Hall's  Rich  Neck." 

There  is  certainly  a  strong  prdbability  that  the  "  road  to  Deer  Creek  " 
mentioned  in  the  description  of  "  Aquilla's  Inheritance  "  was  no  other  than 
the  road  described  by  Captain  John  Oldton  only  three  years  before  as  the 
road  which  went  ?rom  the  cabin  on  the  north  side  of  Deer  Creek  to  the 
nearest  inhabitants,  I  cannot,  however,  locate  "  Aquilla's  Inheritance " 
with  sufficient  accuracy  to  place  this  road.  The  tract  lies  not  far  South- 
west of  the  headwaters  of  Graveyard  Branch.  It  is  bounded  by  "  West- 
wood  "  which  was  laid  out  for  Robert  West  November  17th,  1705,  on  the 
Graveyard  Branch — ^the  earliest  occurrence  of  the  name  of  that  stream. 
It  bounds  on  "  United  Addition  "  which  in  turn  bounds  of  "  Hall's  Rich 
Neck  "  which  lies  on  the  south  side  of  Deer  Creek  about  a  mile  and  a 
quarter  west  of  Graveyard  Branch.  "  Abbott's  Forest "  lies  on  James' 
Run.  "  Aquilla's  Inheritance "  probably  lies  a  mile  or  so  north-east  of 
Churchville. 

A  plat  of  "  Aquilla's  Inheritance  "  as  surveyed  by  C.  F.  Haudecour,  the 
French  engineer,  in  March  1801,  will  be  found  among  the  papers  of  the 
late  Dr.  George  Archer  in  a  folder  marked  "Surveys  and  Plats  of  Tracts 
from  the  EflFects  of  the  late  Henry  W.  Archer  of  Robert,  Surveyor  for 
Harford  County."  According  to  this  plat  "  Aquilla's  Inheritance '  lies  on 
the  old  Bel  Air  and  Havre  de  Grace  Road  east  of  Churchville  and  at  the 
head  of  a  branch  of  Deer  Creek  called  in  old  records  the  S'pring  Run,  but 
now  called  Mill  Run.     The  place  where  the  original  boundary  "  by  tha 


THE    BALTIMORE    COUNTY    "  GARRISON."  139 

There  appear  to  be  two  possible  explanations  of  the  name  of 
First  Cabin  Branch.  One  explanation  is  that  it  was  named 
to  distinguish  it  from  another  "  cabin  branch  "  situated  higher 

road  to  Deer  Creek  "  stood  cannot  be  definitely  determined  from  this  map. 
It  was  probably  somewhere  north-east  of  Churchville,  and  not  more  than 
two  miles  from  that  place. 

It  must  he  remembered  that  we  have  not  sufficient  evidence  to  deter- 
mine whether  Captain  Oldton's  road  from  Deer  Creek  to  the  settlements 
left  the  G-arrison-Deer  Creek  Road  south  of  Deer  Creek  or  north  of  that 
stream.  If  the  roads  forked  north  of  Deer  Creek,  then  the  rangers  must 
have  forded  the  creek  in  two  places. 

A  "  horse  road "  is  mentioned  in  the  two  following  surveys,  w'hich  may 
have  been  an  early  road  running  up  through  the  forest  from  the  settle- 
ments to  Deer  Creek. 

An  unpatented  tract,  "  Lovely  Hill,"  surveyed  for  Robert  Love,  June 
18th,  1695,  lies  "  above  the  head  of  Bush  River,  beginning  at  a  bounded 
read  oak  on  a  hiU  and  on  the  east  side  of  the  Horse  road."  (This  survey 
not  found  at  Annapolis — I  copied  it  from  a  book  of  surveys  which  once 
belonged  to  Barrister  Carroll,  and  is  dated  1766). 

"  Forest  of  Bucks,"  surveyed  for  Robert  Love  August  25th,  1699,  is 
thus  described:  "lying  above  the  head  of  Bush  River  in  the  woods  on 
the  north  east  end  of  a  ridge  called  Chestnut  Ridge,  beginning  at  a 
bounded  red  oak  by  a  horse  road  and  running  thence  west  by  south  120 
perches  to  a  red  oak  of  John  Chapman's  (i.  e.,  probably  "Chapman's 
Fellowship ")  land  on  a  hill  on  the  west  side  of  James  Run."  I  cannot 
locate  this  tract,  but  believe  that  it  must  lie  not  far  from  the  source  of 
James  Run  (i.  e.,  near  Churchville).  I  have  a  map  of  tracts  extending 
from  the  mouth  far  up  James  Run,  and  this  does  not  include  "  Forest  of 
Buck's."  This  "  horse  road  "  may  be  the  same  road  as  that  mentioned  in 
the  survey  of  "  Aquilla's  Inheritance." 

The  settlement  of  the  region  lying  between  tidewater  and  Deer  Creek, 
the  Little  Falls  of  Gunpowder  River  and  Susquehanna  River,  began,  as 
did  that  of  the  country  to  the  southward,  about  the  year  1699,  and  was 
probably  well  under  way  in  four  or  five  years.  Roads  which  are  des- 
cribed as  running  through  this  region  in  records  of  or  earlier  than  1699 
were  in  all  likelihood  military  roads,  if  they  were  not  Indian.  In  these 
records  the  reader  will,  I  think,  look  in  vain  for  any  certain  evidence 
of  the  existence  of  English  plantations  up  in  the  "  forest,"  as  the 
"  back "  country  was  called.  On  the  contrary,  we  have  the  evidence 
of  Captain  Oldton's  report  of  1697,  which  tells  us  that  the  distance 
by  road  from  the  cabin  on  the  north  side  of  Deer  iCreek  to  the  nearest 
inhabitants  was   sixteen  miles. 

The  earliest  record  I  have  found  of  a  plantation  made  in  the  forest 
far  above  tidewater,  within  what  is  now  Harford  County,  is  found  in 
the  proceedings   of  a  land   commission  which  was  held  on  August  5th, 


140  MARYLAND   HISTOKICAL   MAGAZINE. 

up  the  Falls.^^  This  may  seem  to  be  the  most  plausible;  but 
there  is  a  distinct  possibility  that  the  name  furnishes  us  with 
a  clue  to  the  situation  of  a  "  first  cabin  "  or  outpost  on  a  mili- 
tary road  of  earlier  date  than  Captain  Oldton's  road  to  Deer 

1704,  to  determine  the  bounds  of  a  tract  called  "  Poplar  Neck."  This 
tract,  surveyed  for  Mark  Richardson  in  1683,  lies  on  the  east  side  of 
Winters  Run  adjacent  to  the  Bel  Air  Road.  John  Gudgeon,  aged  30 
years,  deposed  that  "  being  out  a  hunting  about  five  years  agoe  ...  he 
saw  where  a  timber  tree  had  been  fallen  .  .  .  and  the  frames  of  a  small 
rafter  house  had  been  built  all  which  showed  old  John  Fuller  who  made 
answer  that  he  believed  it  was  built  by  order  of  Mark  Richardson." 
(Baltimore  County  Land  Records,  Liber  H.  W.  No.  2,  f.  367.)  In  a 
list  of  tasables  for  the  North  Side  Gunpowder  Hundred  for  the  year 
1700  we  find  several  men — probably  servants — listed  as  living  "At 
Mr.  John  Hall's  Quarter  "  and  several  others  "  At  Mr.  Scott's  Quarter." 
These  "  quarters  "  were  undoubtedly  in  the  forest.  They  are  not  men- 
tioned in  the  list  of  1699.  In  the  description  of  a  tract  called  "  Freedom  " 
laid  out  for  Thomas  Bale  in  1705  adjoining  lands  already  in  the  said 
Bale's  possession  on  Plum  Tree  Rvin  mention  is  made  of  Bale's  "  planta- 
tion." This  was  somewhere  near  Emmorton.  In  the  year  1734  Thomas 
Bond,  aged  55  years,  testified  concerning  the  bounds  of  "  Gresham's 
College,"  that  "  about  thirty  years  agoe  this  affirmant  having  lately 
settled  the  plantation  whereon  he  then  lived  and  still  dwells  was  informed 
that  it  laid  within  the  bounds  of  a  tract  of  land  called  Gibsons  Park. 
In  order  thereof  to  be  satisfied  a  certain  Captain  Thomas  Preston  with 
his  son  Thomas  went  together  that  the  said  Captain  Thomas  Preston 
might  shew  this  affirmant  the  bounded  tree  of  the  said  Park,  etc.,  etc." 
(Land  Commissions,  Liber  H.  W.  iS.  No.  2,  f.  210.)  "Gibson's  Park" 
lies  at  Bell's  Mill  on  the  east  side  of  Winters  Run.  In  January,  1707, 
one  John  Burbram  and  wife  contracted  with  Colonel  James  Maxwell 
"  to  dwell  and  reside  upon  a  plantation  in  the  Forrest  to  the  said  James 
Maxwell  belonging  called  Majors  Choice  "  for  four  years  and  to  pay  rent 
for  the  privilege.  (Baltimore  County  Court  Proceedings,  Liber  I.  S. 
No.  B.,  1708-1705,  March  Court,  1711,  James  Maxwell  versus  John  Bur- 
bram.) This  tract  lies  on  Bynams  Run  very  near  Bel  Air.  This  was 
one  of  the  earliest  plantations  in  the  forest.  On  December  3rd,  1728, 
Symon  Pearson  deposed  before  a  land  commission  held  to  determine  the 
bounds  of  "  Broomes  Bloom,"  "  that  about  twenty-seven  years  since  he 
was  in  company  with  a  certain  Robert  Love  goeing  home  from  Collonell 
Maxwells  plantation  in  the  land  of  Nodd  ( "  The  Land  of  Nodd  "  was  a 
name  for  the  country  bewteen  Bynams  Run  and  Winters  Run,  also 
called  "Nodd  Forest")  to  his  own  plantation  in  Gunpowder  Neck  being 
benighted  lay  in  the  woods  near  to  the  land  called  Segley  (i.  e.  "iSedg- 
ley")  by  a  run  called  Broad  Run."  (Land  Commissions,  Liber  H.  W.  S. 
No.  2,  f.  62.)     On  May  12th,1730,  before  a  land  commission  held  to  deter- 


THE    BALTIMORE    COUNTY    "  GARRISON."  141 

Creek.  This  road,  if  it  existed,  might  have  been  built  when 
Thomas  Richardson  was  Chief  Ranger,  or  it  might  have  been 
older  still.    Possibly  it  was  the  road  known  as  Thurston's  Road, 

mine  the  bounds  of  "Christopher's  Camp,"  John  Webster,  aged  sixty- 
four  years,  declared  "  that  soon  after  this  deponent  settled  the  plantation 
whereon  he  now  lives  which  to  the  best  of  his  knowledge  is  about  twenty- 
four  years  agoe  a  certain  Kobert  Love  came  to  this  deponent's  house 
and  told  this  deponent  that  he  had  been  employed  by  the  Brooks  to  find 
out  a  piece  of  land  called  My  Lords  Gift  and  that  he  had  run  two  lines 
of  a  piece  of  land  called  iSedgly,  etc.,  etc."  Antell  Deaver,  aged  forty 
years,  testified  before  the  same  commission  "  that  about  twenty-three 
years  agoe  this  deponent  lived  with  John  Webster  as  an  apprentice  and 
that  about  that  time  he  saw  a  bounded  chestnut  standing  near  an  old 
Indian  grave  .  ,  .  and  that  Thomas  Litton  then  a  youth  and  fellow  pren- 
tice told  him  it  was  the  bounded  tree  of  Christophers  Camp  and  Sedgley." 
(Land  Commissions,  Liber  H.  W.  S.  No.  2,  f.  89.)  The  land  on  which 
John  Webster  settled  about  1706  was  probably  "  Webster's  Forest "  which 
lies  between  Fountain  Green  and  Creswell.  In  November,  1711,  John 
Gallion  was  appointed  overseer  of  the  road  "  that  leads  from  the  Rolling- 
house  of  John  Hall  Esq  to  his  Upper  Quarter."  (Baltimore  County 
Court  Proceedings,  Liber  I.  S.  No.  B.,  1708-1715,  f.  265-267,  March  Court, 
1711.)  In  June,  1712,  James  Crawford,  John  Dooley,  John  Cowen  and 
Mathew  Molton  petitioned  the  court  "  for  a  road  to  be  made  through 
a  certain  plantation  of  John  Hall,  Esq."  (same,  f.  314.)  These  men 
were  probably  settlers  on  the  north  side  of  Deer  Creek. 

^  A  stream  called  Cabbin  Branch  is  mentioned  in  the  survey  of  a 
tract  called  "  Bear  Neck  "  laid  out  for  Walter  Smith,  October  10th,  1691, 
and  described  as  follows :  "  lying  ...  on  the  south  side  of  Gunpowder 
Falls,  beginning  at  a  bounded  white  oak  standing  on  the  side  of  a  high 
hill  near  to  a  place  called  New  Port,  then  down  the  said  Falls  southeast 
and  by  south  250  perches  to  a  bounded  white  oak  standing  on  the  south 
side  of  a  branch  called  Cabbin  Branch,  etc.,  etc."  The  survey  was  exe- 
cuted by  Thomas  Richardson. 

"Cub  Hill"  surveyed  for  William  Burgess  October  1st,  1695,  is  thus 
described :  "  lying  ...  in  the  woods  and  on  the  south  side  of  the  Main 
falls  of  Gunpowder  River,  beginning  at  2  bounded  white  oaks  standing 
on  the  sonth  side  of  a  great  branch  (probably  the  branch  later  known  as 
Burgess's  Branch,  now  Jenifer's  Branch — W.  B.  M.)  descending  into  the 
said  falls  and  running  thence  northwest  and  by  north  150  perches  to  a 
bounded  white  oak  by  another  great  branch  it  being  a  bounded  tree  of 
Walter  Smith's  called  Bear  Neck,  etc.,  etc." 

Whether  the  branch  called  "  Cabin  Branch  "  in  the  description  of  "  Bear 
Neck  "  was  even  in  1694  known  as  Cub  Cabin  Branch,  the  name  by  which 
it  later  went,  is  not  certain.     It  probably  was,  however. 

In  a  deed  bearing  date  September  30th,  1727,  Eleanor  Addison  of  Prince 
George   County,  daughter  of   Walter  Smith,   deceased,    conveyed   to   her 


142  MARYLAND   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

which  I  have  elsewhere  attributed  to  Colonel  Thomas  Thurs- 
ton.4<> 

The  earliest  record  of  the  name  of  First  Cabin  Branch  will 
be  found  in  the  description  of  a  survey  called  "  Bear  Ridge," 

brother  Richard  Smith  her  moiety  of  all  that  tract  of  land  called  "  Bear 
Neck"  which  is  described  as  follows:  "lying  in  Baltimore  County  on  the 
south  side  of  Gunpowder  ffalls,  beginning  at  a  bounded  white  oak  standing 
at  the  side  of  a  High  Hill  near  to  a  place  called  Newport  and  running! 
thence  down  the  said  falls  southeast  and  by  south  250  perches  to  a 
bounded  white  oak  standing  on  the  south  side  of  a  branch  called  Cubb 
Cabbin  branch,  etc,  etc."  (Baltimore  County  Land  Records,  Liber  I.  S. 
No.  1,  f.  6.)  The  branch  was  probably  called  Cub  Cabin  Branch  in  the 
original  certificate  of  survey. 

On  July  2nd,  1728,  a  land  commission  was  held  to  determine  the  bounds 
of  "  Bear  Neck,"  when  the  following  depositions  were  taken :  Charles 
Smith,  aged  seventy  years,  deposed  "  that  about  thirty  years  ago  a  certain 
Coll  Thomas  Richardson  told  him  the  deponent  that  a  bounded  white  oak 
standing  on  the  lower  side  of  a  branch  called  Cub  Cabbin  Branch  was 
a  bounded  tree  of  a  parcell  of  land  called  Bear  Neck  belonging  to  Walter 
Smith  and  further  sayth  that  Coll  Richardson  told  this  deponent  that  he 
surveyed  the  said  land."  lOliver  Harriot,  aged  51  years,  "  being  at  a 
bounded  white  oak  standing  on  the  south  side  of  the  Falls  of  Gunpowder 
River  and  near  to  the  said  Falls  and  near  to  a  place  of  the  said  falls 
called  New  Port  saith  that  a  certain  John  Taylor  being  with  him  the 
said  deponent  at  the  said  white  oak  informed  him  that  he  the  said  John 
Taylor  was  in  company  with  Coll  Thomas  Richardson  when  he  bounded 
two  white  oaks  on  the  south  side  of  Cub  Cabbin  branch  one  thereof  for 
a  tract  of  land  called  Bear  Neck  for  a  certain  Walter  Smith  and  the 
other  for  a  tract  of  land  called  Cub  Hill  for  one  Burgess  this  deponent 
further  saith  that  the  said  John  Taylor  told  him  he  begun  at  the  said 
white  oak  and  reversed  the  first  course  of  the  said  Walter  Smiths  land 
which  brought  him  to  a  white  oak  standing  near  Newport  aforesaid." 
(Land  Commissions,  Liber  H.  W.  S.  No.  2,  f.  42.) 

"  Cub  Hill "  lies  on  both  sides  of  the  present  Harford  Road,  and  in- 
cludes the  village  of  Cub  Hill,  which  is  thus  seen  to  bear  a  name  of  con- 
siderable local  antiquity.  "  Bear  Neck "  extends  to  within  a  short  dis- 
tance north  of  the  Harford  Road,  running  northward  along  the  Falls 
for  more  than  a  mile,  and  back  a  greater  distance. 

The  peculiarity  of  the  name  of  Cub  Cabin  Branch,  the  possibility  that 
it  may  in  some  way  be  connected  with  that  of  Bear  Cabin  Branch,  that  it 
may  preserve  the  name  of  a  cabin  on  one  of  the  Rangers'  roads,  is  the 
author's  excuse  for  this  long  digression.  The  author  is  not  the  only 
person  who  has  been  impressed  by  the  singularity  and  suggestive  quali- 
ties of  the  name.  Among  the  papers  of  the  late  Dr.  George  Archer,  which 
are  now  deposited  with  the  Maryland  Historical  Society,  will  be  found  a 
map  of  tracts  which  lie  on  the  south  side  of  Gxmpowder  Falls  between 


THE    BALTIMORE    COtTNTT    "  GARRISON."  143 

laid  out  for  Edward  Felkes  July  26tli,  1693,  "  lying  in  the 
woods  on  the  south  side  of  the  Great  Falls  of  Gunpowder  River, 
beginning  at  a  bounded  red  oak  standing  on  a  hill  on  the  west 
side  of  a  branch  descending  to  the  Great  Falls  commonly  called 

Cromwell's  Bridge  and  the  Bel  Air  road,  showing  "  Bear  Neck,"  "  Cub 
Hill,"  "  Good  Hope,"  "  Darnall's  Camp,"  "  Darnall's  Sylvania  "  and  other 
tracts,  with  relation  to  all  included  streams  and  to  the  roads  which 
existed  when  the  map  was  made.  This  map,  which  is  an  excellent  piece 
of  work  and  must  have  cost  a  great  deal  of  time  and  trouble,  was  evidently 
made  about  1885  for  the  purpose  of  providing  Dr.  Archer  with  the  means 
of  identifying  Cub  Cabin  Branch  and  First  Cabin  Branch.  The  author 
of  this  map,  a  surveyor,  whose  initials  were  C.  S.  H.,  identifies  Cub 
Cabin  Branch  with  a  small  stream  which  empties  into  the  Great  Falls 
just  north  of  the  present  Harford  Eoad.  The  next  branch  of  the  Falls 
to  the  south,  which  is  now  called  Jenifer's  Branch,  and  which  rises  near 
Carney,  he  identifies  with  the  stream  called  in  old  records  Felks'  Branch 
or  Burgess's  Branch.  First  Cabin  Branch  he  believes  to  be  the  large 
stream  which  discharges  into  the  Falls  at  Fox's  old  mill.  The  probable 
beginning  of  Edward  Felks  survey,  "  Bear  Ridge,"  is  shown  on  this  map. 

""  In  "  The  Old  Indian  Road,"  in  the  June,  1920  number  of  this  Maga- 
zine, page  115,  note  S.  (Since  I  wrote  this  note  I  have  noticed  the  name 
of  a  William  Thurston  in  the  census  of  Baltimore  County  for  1692.  He  is 
entered  as  a  resident  of  the  north  side  of  Patapsco  River.  I  do  not 
think,  however,  that  Thurston's  Road  could  have  been  named  for  him 
( he  was  probably  a  servant ) ,  but  believe  that  it  must  have  been  a  mili- 
tary road,  and  that  it  owed  its  name  to  Colonel  Thomas  Thurston.  The 
beginning  of  "  Friend's  Discovery,"  which  stood  near  Thurston's  Road, 
lies,  as  nearly  as  I  can  determine,  a  little  less  than  a  mile  southeast  of 
the  York  Road  entrance  of  the  Sheppard  Hospital.  As  we  know  only 
one  point  on  Thurston's  Road  we  cannot  determine  the  direction  of  the 
road. 

Colonel  Thurston  was  engaged  in  trade  with  the  Indians,  as  is  shown 
by  the  inventory  of  his  estate  taken  in  the  year  1693,  in  which  is  listed 
much  trader's  stuff,  as  well  as  skins.  He  was  evidently  an  accomplished 
woodsman,  familiar  with  the  forest.  In  a  deposition  taken  December  3rd, 
1728,  part  of  which  we  have  already  quoted  elsewhere  in  this  article, 
Symon  Pearson,  testifying  concerning  the  bounds  of  a  tract  of  land 
called  "  Broomes  Bloom,"  declared  that  a  certain  Robert  Love  told  him 
"  that  Coll  Thurston  shewed  him  the  said  chestnut  who  said  it  was 
the  bounded  tree  of  the  said  lands  ( i.  e.,  "  Broomes  Bloom,"  "  Christo- 
pher's Camp"  and  "Sedgley")  before  mentioned,  this  deponent  saith 
that  the  said  Thurston  being  very  well  acquainted  with  the  lands  in  the 
Forrest  and  generally  used  to  goe  with  Mr.  Lightfoot  the  then  surveyor 
to  shew  him  the  lands  when  he  went  to  take  them  up."  (Land  Com- 
missions, Liber  H.  W.  S.  No.  2,  f.  62.) 


144  MAEYLAND   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

by  the  name  of  First  Cabin  Branch  it  being  a  bounded  tree  of  a 
tract  of  land  called  Darnall's  Camp  ^^  and  running  south  by 
west  200  perches  to  a  bounded  poplar  on  the  south  side  of 
a  branch  descending  into  the  aforesaid  branch,  etc.,  etc."  (Bal- 
timore County  Court  Proceedings,  Liber  G.  No.  1,  1693-1696, 
Mch.  Court,  1693).  This  survey,  which  was  executed  by  Tho- 
mas Richardson,  was  never  patented. 

One  other  record  of  the  name  exists.  It  will  be  found  in  a 
"  field-book  "  of  Colonel  Thomas  White,  the  surveyor,  and  is 
dated  March  14th,  1724.^2  xhis  book,  the  property  of  the  Har- 
ford County  Historical  Society,  has  been  deposited  with  the 
Maryland  Historical  Society  for  safe  keeping. 

These  two  records  enable  us  to  identify  the  First  Cabin 
Branch  almost  to  a  certainty. ^^    It  is  a  stream  which  rises  not 

" "  Darnall's  Camp,"  1000  acres,  surveyed  for  John  Darnall  September 
28th,  1683,  is  nearly  bisected  by  the  Bel  Air  Road,  extending  on  that 
road  from  near  its  intersection  with  the  Joppa  Road  to  within  a  mile 
and  a  quarter,  by  the  road,  of  the  Great  Falls  of  Gunpowder  River. 

*2The  record  in  Colonel  White's  field-book  is  as  follows:  "March  14th, 
1725,  I  came  with  John  Greer,  "William  Wright,  Olliver  Harriot  and  Wal- 
ter James  to  a  B  (sic)  2  bounded  white  oaks  supposed  to  be  ye  beg.  trees 
of  Cubb  Hill  about  .3  p  distant  from  a  b  poplar  the  supposed  beg.  of  Edw*" 
Felk's  land  called  Good  Hope  all  standing  near  (here  the  words  "  ye  2d 
Cabbin  "  are  crossed  out)  branch  called  Felks  branch  and  run  thence  north 
33  3/4  Avest  40  p  to  a  b  poplar  &  2  b  dogwood  trees  ye  beg  of  Michaells 

Beg  &  thence  NE  58  p to  Lingham  black  oak    ( i.  e.,  "  Lingham's 

Adventure "  or  "  Adventure's  Addition "  surveyed  for  George  Lingham, 
and  later  included  in  the  Perry  Hall  estate  of  the  Gough  family)  .... 
&  thence  to  a  small  marked  poplar  thence  NW  24  p  thence  N  22  E  24  p, 
NE  20  p  to  the  falls,  thence  N  130  to  include  the  upper  end  of  ye  island, 
etc.,  ei-c.,  thence  S  81  E  20  p  to  the  mouth  of  the  first  cabbin  branch  on 
ye  eastward  side  thence  N  74  E  12  to  where  I  ended  the  20  (th)  coarse  of 
Linghams  Addition  near  the  falls  thence  same  course  16  p  to  ye  beg.  of 
Ingram's  (i.  e.,  evidently  refers  to  tracts  called  "  Michael's  Chance  "  and 
"  Michael's  Addition "  which  then  belonged  to  John  Ingram  and  lay  at 
the  mouth  of  the  branch  which  we  would  identify  with  First  Cabin 
Branch)." 

"I  have  already  mentioned  the  map  found  among  Dr.  Archer's  notes, 
which  was  of  very  great  assistance  to  me  in  fixing  the  identity  of  First 
Cabin  Branch.  The  correctness  of  this  map  is  amply  proved  by  a  num- 
ber of  old  plats  which  I  have  collected  and  put  together.  The  popular 
name  for  First  Cabin  Branch  seems  to  have  been  "  the  Double  Run."  It 
is  so  called  in  the  will  of  John  Ingram,  March  Slst,  1733;  in  the  descrip- 


THE    BALiTIMOEE    COUNTY    "  GARRISON."  145 

far  from  the  intersections  of  the  Bel  Air  and  Necker  Eoads 
and  of  the  Bel  Air  and  the  Old  Joppa  Road,  and  empties  into 
the  Great  Falls  some  distance  below  the  old  copper  works  or 
at  the  place  where  Fox's  old  mill  formerly  stood.  Any  road 
which  crossed  the  valley  of  First  Cabin  Branch  bound  in  an 
easterly  direction  probably  forded  the  Great  Falls  either  at  the 
Long  Calm  or  at  a  ford  situated  just  above  the  mouth  of  Long 
Green  Run.^^ 

tion  of  a  tract  called  "  Dukes  Pallace "  surveyed  for  Christopher  Duke 
November  26,  1724,  and  elsewhere  in  the  records. 

**I  have  had  occasion  to  mention  the  Long  Cabn  Ford  in  a  former 
article  on  the  "  Old  Indian  Road."  This  famous  ford,  first  mentioned  in 
1692  ( see  "  The  Old  Indian  Road,"  Md.  Historical  Magazine,  Sept.,  1920,  p. 
212)  was  situated  on  the  Great  Falls  of  Gunpowder  River  not  far  above 
the  Philadelphia  Road  bridge.  Another  ford  was  situated  between  the 
Philadelphia  Road  bridge  and  the  bridge  of  the  Baltimore  and  Ohio  Rail- 
road, and  under  the  name  of  "  ye  wadeing  place "  is  mentioned  in  the 
certificate  of  a  tract  called  "Speedwell"  laid  out  June  11th,  1688,  for 
Roger  Spinkes.  It  was  to  this  latter  ford  that  the  main  road  running 
from  the  head  of  the  Bay  down  into  Southern  Maryland  originally  went. 
Tlie  ford  above  the  mouth  of  Long  Green  Run  is  described  in  a  deposition 
of  John  Greer  taken  November  30th,  1738,  which  runs  as  follows:  "The 
deposition  of  John  Greer  of  Baltimore  County,  Sr.,  aged  about  fifty  years 
....  deposeth  that  a  certain  Charles  Smith  should  say  that  Coll  Rich- 
ardson and  Thomas  Lightfoot  came  up  the  falls  and  over  the  said  falls 
and  bounded  a  tree  and  there  began  Truemans  Acquaintance  which  this 
deponent  then  believed  the  same  falls  to  be  the  falls  of  Gunpowder  River 
and  this  deponent  knowing  there  was  but  three  fording  places  across  the 
aforesaid  falls  that  he  supposed  the  said  persons  could  come  over  he  made 
it  his  business  to  look  for  the  said  tree  and  found  a  white  oak  bounded 
with  twelve  notches  standing  where  this  deponent  now  standeth  and  about 
tour  perches  from  the  said  falls  and  on  the  north  side  and  opisate  to  a 
large  rook  stone  adjoining  to  a  verry  small  island  in  the  middle  of  the 
said  falls  and  a  little  below  a  larger  Island  and  very  near  the  said  north 
side  and  also  about  thirty  perches  above  the  mouth  of  a  large  Run  com- 
monly called  and  known  by  the  name  of  Long  Green  Run  and  some  small 
time  after  this  deponent  found  the  said  tree  he  and  some  other  of  his 
neighbours  came  to  it  and  run  a  north  west  course  five  hundred  perches 
and  near  the  end  of  said  course  found  a  bounded  red  oak  which  he  sup- 
posed to  be  the  2nd  tree  of  the  aforementioned  land  and  a  year  or  so 
afterwards  a  certain  John  Brooks  from  Calvert  County  came  with  John 
Taylor  to  this  deponent's  house  and  asked  him  to  goe  to  the  first  said 
bounded  tree  with  them  and  he  answered  no  he  had  lately  been  bitt  by  a 
rattle  snake  in  going  among  the  weeds,  etc.,  etc."  (Land  Commissions, 
Liber  H.  W.  iS.  No.  4,  f.  41.)     Rattlesnakes,  by  the  way,  have  been  so  long 


146  MARYLAND   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

In  a  former  article  of  this  author's  *^  an  attempt  was  made 
to  identify  the  whole  of  the  present  Old  Joppa  Road  between 
Towson  and  the  Bel  Air  Road,  and  the  Camp  Chapel  Road, 
which  connects  the  Old  Joppa  Road  with  the  Philadelphia 
Road,  with  the  road  called  the  Court  Road,  which  was  "cleared" 
in  the  year  1729  from  the  Long  Calm  to  the  Garrison  Ridge. 
This  assumption  was,  however,  a  serious  error ;  for  the  original 
Joppa  Road  crossed  what  is  now  the  Bel  Air  Road  more  than 
a  mile  and  a  quarter  east  of  the  present  Joppa  Road.  It  would 
appear  that  the  Old  Forge  Road,  which  runs  from  Germantown 
on  the  Bel  Air  Road  to  the  Philadelphia  Road  near  the  Great 
Falls,  is  a  remnant  of  the  old  road,  and  ran  originally  straight 
to  the  Long  Calm.  Whether  this  road  already  existed  in  1729, 
and  was  merely  made  passable  in  that  year,  is  uncertain;  but 
there  is  at  least  a  strong  possibility  that  it  had  existed  for  many 
years.  It  may  have  been,  in  fact,  that  lost  military  road  the 
former  existence  of  which  in  that  part  of  the  country  we  so 
strongly  suspect.'*^ 

(To  he  continued.) 


extinct  in  that  part  of  the  country  to  which  John  Greer  referred  in  his 
deposition  that  most  of  the  inhabitants  could  hardly  he  convinced  that 
they  ever  existed  there. 

*° "  The  Old  Indian  Road,"  Part  2,  in  the  Maryland  Historical  Magazine, 
September,  1920. 

*"  It  may  be  remembered  that  in  1754  the  Court  Road  is  described  as 
running  from  the  Great  Falls  "  up  opposite  to  Heathcoat  Pickett's  house  "; 
and  that  Heathcoat  Pickett  was  probably  at  that  time  residing  on  a  tract 
which  he  owned  called  "Good  Hope,"  which  lies  south  of  the  present 
Harford  Road  and  does  not  come  nearer  than  half  a  mile  to  the  present 
Joppa  Road. 

A  plat  of  "  Good  Hope,"  "  Damall's  Sylvania,"  "  Damall's  Camp  "  and 
other  tracts,  made  in  connection  with  an  ejectment  suit,  Risteau  versus 
Armstrong,  1849,  shows  a  road  marked  "  Old  Joppa  Road  "  passing  from 
"  Damall's  Camp  "  into  and  through  the  western  part  of  "  Damall's  Syl- 
vania  "  and  headed  towards  "  Good  Hope."  This  road  ran  far  to  the  east 
of  the  present  Old  Joppa  Road.    (See  Pocket  Plats,  101-102.) 

This  was  the  road  which,  in  the  following  depositions,  is  alluded  to 
under  the  name  of  the  Garrison  Road.  Whether  the  road  had  acquired 
the  name  of  Garrison  Road  because  it  went  to  the  Garrison  Ridge,  or 
whether  it  wafi,  in  fact  an  original  "  garrison  road "  we  cannot  decide. 


THE    BALTIMORE    COUNTY    "  GARRISON."  147 

It  was  certainly  the  road  called  in  most  early  records  the  Court  Road. 

On  July  25th,  1743,  before  a  land  commission  held  to  determine  the 
bounds  of  a  tract  called  "  Thompson's  Lott "  laid  out  for  George  Thompson 
October  26th,  1685,  John  Greer,  aged  55  years,  deposed  as  follows: 
*'  that  thirty  years  ago  or  therabouts  Mr.  John  Taylor  who  then  lived  on 
the  south  side  of  Gunpowder  River  near  the  ferry  and  afterwards  went 
for  Carolina  and  if  now  living  is  seventy -eight  years  of  age  or  therabouts 
being  in  the  woods  together  the  Said  John  Taylor  shewed  this  deponent 
a  'bounded  black  or  red  oak  which  this  deponent  now  sheweth  unto  us 
fairly  bounded  on  three  sides  .  .  .  the  aforesaid  oak  standa  on  the  east 
side  of  a  swampy  drean  descending  into  Hornigold  Run  (now  called 
Honeygo  Run^ — ^W.  B.  M.)  by  a  small  grasey  glade  and  a  small  distance 
to.  the  westward  of  the  Piney  Glade  and  to  the  south  west  of  the  Gar- 
rettson  Road  and  this  deponent  further  saith  that  the  aforesaid  John 
Taylor  then  told  him  that  if  a  course  was  run  south  west  96  perches 
there  would  be  found  a  bounded  white  oak  which  was  the  second  tree  of 
the  Adventures  Addition  (surveyed  for  George  Linghan  or  Lingham 
July  11th,  1683 — ^W.  B.  M.),  .  .  .  and  this  deponent  being  asked  if  the 
aforesaid  John  Taylor  told  him  anything  of  the  bounds  of  Thompsons 
Lott  says  that  the  said  Taylor  told  him  that  Thompsons  Lott  began  at 
the  falls  at  the  end  of  the  north  west  line  of  Adventures  Addition  and 
running  thence  with  Adventures  Addition."  (Land  Commissions,  Liber 
H.  W.  S.  No.  4,  f.  78  et  seq.) 

On  Novem^ber  22nd,  1782,  a  land  commission  was  held  to  determine 
the  bounds  of  "Darnall's  Sylvania,"  surveyed  for  John  Darnall,  2Sth 
Sept.,  1683.  Walter  Tolley  "being  at  a  spot  of  ground  in  the  woods  to 
the  southward  of  the  road  leading  to  the  Nottingham  Works  (1.  e..  The 
Nottingham  Iron  Works  at  the  Long  Calm  Ford — this  road  now  called 
the  Old  Forge  Road  and  evidently  identical  with  the  Garrison  Road  of 
the  other  depositions  here  quoted — iW.  B.  M. )  and  between  that  and  Mr. 
Gough's  Gate  ( i.  e.,  Harry  Dorsey  Gough,  who  then  owned  "  Lingham's 
Adventure  "  which  he  called  "  Perry  Hall " — this  was  before  the  Bel  Air 
Road  was  built)  and  aboiit  a  quarter  of  a  mile  of  the  place  called  the 
pines "  deposed  "  that  about  thirty-three  years  ago  to  the  best  of  his 
remembrance  he  was  appointed  a  commissioner  to  settle  or  prove  the 
bounds  of  a  tract  of  land  called  Thompsons  Lott  and  John  Greer  Senr 
proved  a  red  or  black  oak  bounded  tree  of  said  Thompsons  Lott  to  stand 
where  the  deponent  now  is,  etc.,  etc." 

Before  the  same  commission  Samuel  Clark  and  John  Buck,  "  being 
duly  sworn  at  the  same  place  described  in  Walter  Tolleys  and  Annanias 
Divers  depositions  of  this  date  "  deposed  "  that  about  four  or  five  years 
ago  this  deponent  with  Mark  Alexander  and  others  was  appointed  a 
commissioner  for  proving  the  bounds  of  a  tract  of  land  called  Thompsons 
Lott  when  John  Roberts  aged  then  about  95  years  was  sworn  as  an 
evidence  and  declared  on  his  oath  that  before  Ann  Arundel  and  Baltimore 
Counties  were  divided  he  the  said  John  Roberts  was  present  at  the  spot 
described  as  above  and  carried  the  chain  under  the  direction  of  John 
Taylor  who  was  Deputy  Surveyor  under  John  Dorsey  of  Elk  Ridge  on  a 


148  MAEYXiAND   HISTOKICAL   MAGAZINE. 

survey  for  one  Brian  (probably  means  Michael  Byrne  who  took  up 
"  Michael's  Chance "  in  1721,  a  tract  which  adjoins  "  Adventure's  Ad- 
dition ")  and  that  the  said  John  Taylor  told  him  the  spot  where  h« 
then  stood  and  where  deponent  now  is  was  the  beginning  of  Thompsons 
Lott  and  that  at  the  same  spot  where  the  two  red  oaks  stands  as  before 
described  upon  a  small  branch  of  the  Honey  Gold  southerly  from  the 
Garrison  Eoad  and  near  the  place  called  the  Gunpowder  Pines  was  then 
a  bounded  tree  an  oak  deponent  believed  but  says  it  was  then  green 
and  growing  and  that  the  said  John  Taylor  run  from  the  said  tree  91 
or  96  perches  he  cannot  recollect  which  to  a  bounded  white  oak  tree 
and  deponent  further  saith  that  since  he  hath  been  generally  informed 
that  Thompsons  Lott  lays  on  the  Traynes  of  the  Horney  Gold  and  further 
saith  not."  (Baltimore  County  Land  Records,  Liber  W.  G.  No.  L.,  f.  414 
et  seq.) 

Among  the  papers  which  relate  to  the  division  of  the  real  estate 
of  General  Charles  Ridgely  of  Hampton  will  be  found  (Baltimore  County 
Land  Records,  Liber  T.  K.  No.  336,  f.  61)  a  large  map,  prepared  by 
Alexander  J.  Bouldon,  the  well-known  surveyor,  for  the  use  of  the  com- 
missioners appointed  to  execute  this  division.  This  map  which  is  entitled 
"  Plat  of  the  Principio  Company's  Lands,  Part  of  the  Nottingham  Com- 
pany's Lands,  Clark's  Chance  Enlarged  and  Part  of  Sewell's  Fancy  Be- 
longing to  the  Devisees  of  Charles  Ridgely  of  Hampton,"  covers  a  large 
extent  of  country.  Early  surveys  are  not  marked  on  it,  except  in  one  or 
two  instances,  but  the  original  lines  of  many  of  them  appear,  and  can 
be  identified  by  reference  to  the  text.  On  this  map  are  shown  part  of 
the  first,  the  whole  of  the  second  and  part  of  the  given  line  of  "  Thomp- 
son's Lot."  If  the  first  and  given  lines  are  extended  they  will  meet 
at  the  beginning  of  the  tract.  The  beginning  of  "  Thompson's  Lot " 
will  then  be  seen  to  lie  a  little  less  than  a  mile  and  a  quarter  west  of 
the  Great  Falls  and  slightly  less  than  half  a  mile  south  of  the  Bel  Air 
Road.  This  would  place  it  at  the  head  of  one  of  the  main  branches  of 
the  run  now  known  as  Honeygo  Run  and  a  short  distance  southwest  of  the 
Old  Forge  Road.  I  think  there  cannot  be  the  slightest  question  that  the 
road  referred  in  the  foregoing  records  as  the  "  Garrison  Road "  or  as 
"  the  road  leading  to  the  Nottingham  Works  "  is  identical  with  the  Old 
Forge  Road  of  today,  and  that  this  road  is  a  continuation  of  the  "  Old 
Joppa  Road  "  which  passed  through  "  Darnall's  Camp,"  "  Darnall's  Syl- 
vania  "  and  "  Good  Hope." 

Among  some  old  manuscripts  which,  in  December,  1913,  were  presented 
to  the  Maryland  Historical  Society,  I  found  copies  of  two  depositions  of 
William  Pickett,  the  son  of  Heathcoat  Pickett  or  Peckett,  the  Tory,  who 
was  hanged  during  the  Revolution  at  the  gate  of  Joppa  Town,  These 
two  depositions,  which  were  taken  April  26th,  1779,  both  have  reference 
to  the  bounds  of  "  Thompson's  Lot."  I  do  not  know  where  these  depo- 
sitions are  recorded.  In  17S2  Pickett  made  a  deposition  (see  Land  Com- 
mission on  "  Darnall's  Sylvania,"  17S2,  to  which  we  have  previously 
referred)  about  the  bounds  of  "Thompson's  Lot"  which  is  so  entirely 
similar  in  intention  and  sometimes  even  in  language  to  one  of  these  two 


THE    BALTIMORE    COUNTY    "  GARRISON."  149 

depositions  that  it  seems  certain  that  the  two  are  versions  of  the  same 
deposition  taken  down  at  the  same  time  hy  different  persons.  In  each 
case  the  deponent's  age  is  gven  as  fifty  and  a  certain  event  is  des- 
cribed as  having  taken  place  forty  years  hefore.  The  authenticity  of 
these  two  depositions  is  therefore  not  to  be  doubted.  One  of  them  is 
as    follows : 

"  The  deposition  of  William  Pickett  aged  about  fifty  years  declares 
that  he  was  present  in  company  with  his  father  Heathcoat  Pickett  and 
a  certain  Oliver  Harrod  (i.  e.,  Oliver  Harriot)  upwards  of  twenty  years 
ago  and  to  the  best  of  his  knowledge  says  he  heard  his  father  and  said 
Harrod  in  conversation  about  the  land  called  Thompsons  Lot  and  Dar- 
nalls  Camp  and  the  said  Harrod  (he  was  then  about  eighty- two — 'W.  B.  M.) 
told  the  said  Pickett  that  a  certain  Coll  Richardson  and  John  Taylor 
who  had  formerly  bean  surveyors  of  Baltimore  County  met  in  the  road 
by  a  run  called  the  Duble  run  and  one  of  them  asked  the  other  whose  land 
that  was  where  they  then  was  and  the  other  replied  that  it  was  Thomp- 
sons Lot  if  there  was  any  such  land." 

Colonel  Thomas  Richardson  died  in  the  first  decade  of  the  eighteenth 
century.  John  Taylor  was  born  about  1671  or  earlier.  We  have  already 
quoted  a  deposition  in  which  it  is  shown  that  he  was  present  with  Coll. 
Richardson  at  the  laying-out  of  "Bear  Neck"  (1694)  or  "Cub  Hill" 
(1695)  or  both.  He  was  evidently  Colonel  Richardson's  pupil.  The 
date  of  the  meeting  of  the  two  surveyors  on  the  road  by  the  Double  Run 
may  well  be  earlier  than  1700.  Whether  the  Double  Run  was  the  Hang 
Gold  or  Horney  Gold  Branch  (a  singular  name  for  which  no  explanation 
oflFers — this  stream  had  two  main  branches)  or  whether  it  was  the  run 
which  we  identified  with  First  Cabin  Branch,  which  was  also  called 
the  Double  Run,  is  not  certain.  If  it  was  the  latter,  as  it  seems  probable, 
then  the  surveyors  were  mistaken  as  to  the  location  of  "  Thompson's 
Lot."  Vague  as  it  is,  I  am  inclined  to  take  this  record  seriously  as 
evidence  that  a  road  existed  somewhere  west  of  the  Falls  near  Germanto^vn 
late  in  the  seventeenth  or  very  early  in  the  eighteenth  century.  Taken 
alone  it  might  seem  negligible,  but  taken  with  other  records,  it  may 
serve  to  strengthen,  if  ever  so  little,  our  belief  in  the  theory  that  an 
old  military  road  passed  through  this  region  in  the  direction  of  the  Long 
Calm,  and  that  a  "  cabin "  or  outpost  on  this  road  stood  somewhere  in 
the  valley  of  the  First  Cabin  Branch. 

Unfortunately,  in  this  neighborhood  of  strange  place-names  and  inter- 
esting historical  possibilities,  which  lies  between  the  Harford  Road  and 
Bird  River,  west  of  the  Great  Falls  of  Gunpowder,  descendants  of  the  old 
population,  who  might  conserve  some  traditions,  have  almost  all  dispersed 
or  died  out,  and  the  old  gentry — Ridgelys,  Days,  Tolleys  and  the  Carrolls 
of  Perry  Hall — have  gone  away,  never  to  return.  Today  an  industrious 
class,  largely  of  peasant  stock  and  devoid  of  local  American  traditions, 
has  replaced  the  old  English  families;  and  the  landscape  itself  dis- 
appears under  the  process  of  a  rapid  suburbanization,  or  becomes  utterly 
unrecognisable  amid  the  litter  of  signboards  and  of  villas  built  of  con- 
crete blocks. 


150  MARYLAND   HISTORICAL,   MAGAZINE. 

SOME  LETTERS  FROM  CORRESPONDENCE  OF 
JAMES   ALFRED  PEARCE 

Edited  by  Bernard  C.  Steinee 


James  Alfred  Pearce  was  a  distinguished  Whig  statesman, 
representing  the  State  of  Maryland  in  the  United  States  Senate 
from  1843  until  his  death  in  1863.  His  son,  the  late  Judge 
James  Alfred  Pearce  of  Chestertown,  placed  many  of  his 
father's  papers  in  the  hands  of  the  editor,  to  be  given  ultimately 
to  the  Maryland  Historical  Society,  in  whose  collection  they 
may  now  be  found.  The  papers  which  appropriately  find  a 
place  in  a  biographical  sketch  of  Senator  Pearce,  will  be  in- 
cluded in  such  a  study  of  his  life,  which  will  be  published  in 
future  numbers  of  the  Magazine.  There  were  some  letters, 
however,  contained  in  the  collection  which  are  too  important 
to  leave  unpublished  and  yet  which  do  not  form  a  part  of  the 
biography.     These  letters  are  printed  at  this  time. 

Edward  D.  Mansfield  was  born  in  New  Haven,  Conn.,  in 
1801  and  died  in  Ohio  in  1880.  He  graduated  from  the  Mili- 
tary Academy  at  West  Point  in  1819  and  at  Princeton  in  1822. 
He  studied  law  at  the  Litchfield  Law  School  in  Connecticut 
and  soon  removed  to  Cincinnati.  From  1836  until  his  retire- 
ment in  1872,  he  was  occupied  as  a  newspaper  editor  and  as 
the  author  of  several  books. 

From  Cincinnati  on  December  28,  1829,  he  wrote  Pearce: 

"  The  town  has  increased  with  a  rapidity  altogether  unpre- 
cedented in  any  Country,  and  such  are  its  abundant  and  per- 
manent resources  that,  I  can  see  no  sound  reason  why  it  should 
not  continue  so  to  increase — allowing  for  ordinary  vicissitudes 
in  business,  at  the  same  rate  for  the  next  30  years,  when  it 
will  probably  have  reached  the  population  of  New  York.  The 
opportunities  for  speculation  in  real  estate  and  money  here 
are  very  great.     Money  is  .  .  .  scarce,  and  rents  high.     In- 


k 


COKKESPONDENCE  OF  JAMES  ALFRED  PEARCE.      151 

vestments  may  be  made  in  rented  houses,  which  will  yield  from 
10  to  15  per  cent  with  the  prospect  of  annual  increase  in  the 
capital.  Money  may  be  loaned  to  any  amount,  at  the  same 
rates ;  if  you  choose  to  small  brokers,  at  a  much  higher  rate. — 
Rents  of  good  houses  are  from  $200  to  $600 — A  very  good 
one  for  a  small  family  may  be  had  for  $250 — Our  market 
is  one  of  the  best,  and  most  abundant  in  the  U.  States. — Beef 
best  from  3  to  6  cents  pr  lb.  Mutton  4  to  5.  Pork  2  to  3 — 
Butter  18 — ^Flour  $3.50  per  barrell.  Groceries  about  the 
same,  as  in  the  Eastern  States. — Upon  the  whole,  I  think  that 
if,  you  are  independent  enough  to  sustain  yourself  pecuniar- 
ily for  3  years,  there  is  no  place  can  offer  higher  inducements 
for  your  location.  The  profession  is  crowded,  go  where  you 
will;  and  perhaps  the  scales  ought  to  turn  in  favor  of  that 
point,  which  will  ultimately  have  the  largest  amount  of  busi- 
ness and  in  other  respects  offer  the  greatest  advantages." 

Mansfield  had  married.  He  gave  Pearce  information  as 
to  legal  prospects  in  Cincinnati,  where  there  were  45  or  50 
lawyers,  "but  of  these  several  have  not  a  single  case  on  the 
Docket  and  only  10  or  12  are  engaged  in  much  business." 

From  Baltimore,  on  December  22,  1831,  E.  E.  Chambers 
wrote : 

"  Col,  Veazey  has  consented  to  serve  if  elected  and  as  I 
presume  there  will  be  a  desire  to  give  Cecil  a  member  of  the 
Council  and  Kent  cannot  expect  it — having  a  Senator — I  shall 
be  gratified  exceedingly  to  see  him  chosen.  They  will  no 
doubt  offer  and  strongly  support  some  candidate  from  the 
lower  Counties  to  fill  Page's  place  and  with  the  view  stated 
when  we  conversed,  but  I  am  at  a  loss  to  think  of  any  man 
they  can  propose  who  will  offer  stronger  claim  or  be  more 
acceptable  than  Veazey. 

"  I  have  arrived  so  late  to-night  as  to  have  no  opportunity 
to  see  any  one.  When  here  during  the  Session  of  the  Con- 
vention it  was  mentioned  to  me  that  our  Friends  desired  to 
see  U.   F.   Williams  elected   in   the   place  of  Howard — who 


152  MAEYXiAND   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

whether  made  Governor  or  otherwise  will  decline  a  seat  in 
the  Council.  Of  all  men  in  Maryland  Williams  has  wrote 
most  and  expended  most  time  and  money  since  Jacksonism 
reared  its  head  to  prevent  its  growth.  If  political  service 
be  the  criterion  no  man  is  more  entitled  to  such  a  distinction. 
The  folks  in  Baltimore  however  will  I  presume  arrange  that 
matter  and  they  ought  if  united  to  be  gratified. 

"  I  hope  with  earnestness  they  will  also  arrange  the  more 
important  matter  of  Governor.  It  will  be  greatly  to  be  de- 
plored if  any  contest  should  be  entered  into  between  Genl. 
Thomas  and  Gov.  Howard.  From  a  knowledge  of  both  the 
men  and  their  devotion  to  the  cause  I  cannot  but  believe  they 
will  require  nothing  more  than  the  prudent  agency  of  a  mutual 
Friend  to  adjust  everything.  Neither  of  them  I  am  con- 
vinced will  desire  the  appointment  at  the  hazard  of  alienating 
the  zeal  of  their  Friends  and  such  a  consequence  is  certainly 
the  probable  result  of  exciting  them  by  an  ardent  pursuit  of 
the  interest  of  one  against  the  pretensions  of  the  other." 

On  March  7,  1838,  he  wrote  Pearce  from  Chester  concerning 
the  duel  recently  fought  between  William  J.  Graves  and  Jona- 
than Cilley  in  which  the  latter  was  killed.  Graves  brought 
Cilley  a  challenge  from  Col.  J.  W.  Webb,  of  the  'New  York 
Courier  and  Enquirer,  which  Cilley  declined  to  receive.  Out 
of  the  altercation  which  ensued  came  a  challenge  from  Graves 
to  Cilley.  The  duel  between  them  was  fought  on  February 
24,  1838,  and  Henry  A.  Wise  acted  as  second  for  Mr.  Graves. 
Three  shots  were  exchanged  and  Wise  received  much  censure 
lor  not  causing  an  arrangement  of  the  affair,  which  was  caused 
by  a  perverted  sense  of  honor,  after  the  first  shot  was  fired 
(see  Niles  Register  for  March,  1838,  pp.  4  and  52). 

"  There  is  a  great  deal  of  feeling  exhibited  every  where  on 
the  subject  of  the  late  duel.  It  is  regarded  as  a  most  extreme 
point  of  honor  which  led  to  it  and  that  after  two  unsuccessful 
fires  a  point  of  honor  might  be  gratified,  where  obviously  and 
properly  neither  party  had  had  bad  feeling,  or  even  a  senti- 
ment of  disrespect  to  indulge. 


COKKESPONDENCE  OF  JAMES  ALFRED  PEARCE.      153 

"  Putting  the  miserable  practice  of  shooting  a  man  into 
right  conduct  or  right  opinion  in  its  worst  aspect,  as  this  case 
does,  it  would  be  a  fit  occasion  to  move  in  the  matter  with  a 
view  to  a  fair  and  honest  legislation,  if  by  any  such,  the  means 
can  be  devised  of  averting  similar  scenes  in  future  or  even 
of  lessening  their  number  or  the  inducements  to  their  repeti- 
tion, but  if  as  you  suggest  there  be  any  partial  purpose  de- 
signed arising  from  personal  or  political  prejudices,  the  result 
will  probably  be  mischievous  rather  than  salutary.  Col.  Webb 
has  not  the  respect  of  the  Community  and  has  too  long  sub- 
mitted to  similar  faults  and  has  gone  too  far  from  what  he 
avers  himself  to  be  the  source  of  the  calumny  against  him, 
to  excite  any  feeling  in  his  favor.  Mr.  Wise  too  has  been 
(however  reluctantly  yet)  so  frequently  before  the  public  in 
a  pugnacious  character  that  there  is  a  manifest  predisposition 
to  attribute  to  him  a  desire  to  fight  and  to  make  others  fight, 
when  pacific  men  would  not  see  a  necessity  for  it.  My  own 
opinion  is  that  in  the  present  instance  matters  have  been  urged 
to  an  unnecessary  extent  even  on  the  wretched  principles  of 
men  of  honor — that  prudent  friends  should  have  prevented  the 
meeting,  might  have  investigated  the  severity  of  the  terms — 
ought  to  have  terminated  the  affair  before  the  last  shot— but 
that  no  distinction  can  be  taken  in  the  censure  justly  due  to 
all  the  parties  concerned — principals,  seconds,  and  friends — 
and  if  expulsion  is  resolved  on,  all  the  survivors  should  have 
a  common  fate.  The  effect  would  be  probably  more  useful  if 
y'r  legislation  were  prospective  and  so  contrived  as  to  prohibit 
under  most  exemplary  sanctions  the  giving  or  receiving  a 
challenge  in  the  district. 

On  enquiry  I  learn  from  the  ladies  that  the  Y'r  family  is 
in  usual  health — including  Mrs.  P.  &  your  children — the  singu- 
lar number  will  no  longer  suit  you. 

We  yesterday  buried  Wm.  Crane  and  Dr.  Cniikshank  was 
also  buried.  The  first  died  of  bilious  pleurisy — the  last  by 
apoplexy.  A  case  or  two  of  Typhus  has  occured  in  Quaker 
Neck. 

4 


154  MARYLAND   HISTOKICAL   MAGAZINE. 

Make  my  best  regards  to  Peters  and  tell  him  I  still  hope  to 
see  him  on  his  homeward  passage. 

E.  F.  Chambers. 

The  Rock  Hill  Packet  it  is  said  will  recommence  to-morrow. 

E^ekiel  Forman  iChambers  was  born  in  'Chestertown,  Feb. 
28,  1788  and  died  Jan.  30,  1867.  He  graduated  at  Wash- 
ington College  at  the  age  of  17  and  after  studying  law  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  March,  1808.  As  Captain  of  militia, 
he  distinguished  himself  at  the  battle  of  Caulk's  Field.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  Maryland  Senate  from  1822  to  1825  and 
of  the  United  States  Senate  from  1826  to  1834  when  he  re- 
signed to  accept  the  appointment  of  Chief  Judge  of  the  Second 
Judicial  Circuit  of  Maryland  and  member  of  the  State  Court 
of  Appeals.  He  held  these  offices  until  the  Constitution  of 
1851  legislated  him  out  of  office.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
Constitutional  Conventions  of  1851  and  1864.  He  declined 
the  position  of  Secretary  of  the  Navy  in  President  Fillmore's 
cabinet,  in  1852,  on  account  of  ill  health.  On  July  13,  1852, 
he  wrote  Pearce,  requesting  the  privilege  of  delaying  his  de- 
cision as  to  the  Cabinet  position,  but  stating  that  he  must 
decline  if  an  immediate  answer  is  necessary.  In  1864,  he  was 
the  Democratic  candidate  for  Governor  of  Maryland  but  was 
defeated  by  Thomas  Swarm,  the  Union  nominee.  He  was  a 
prominent  member  of  the  Protestant  Episcopal  Church  and 
was  President  of  the  Board  of  Trustees  of  Washington  College 
from  1843  until  his  death.  He  received  the  degree  of  LL.  D. 
from  Yale  in  1833  and  from  Delaware  College  in  1852. 

From  Annapolis,  on  January  30,  1848,  Reverdy  Johnson 
wrote: 

My  dear  Pearce, 

"  I  am  obliged  to  you  for  your  kind  and  friendly  note  of 
yesterday.  Friends  may  think  I  was  wrong  in  the  matter 
just  settled,  but  if  I  had  not  noticed  it,  I  should  have  felt 
dishonored,  and  anything  is  better  than  that.     The  minute  the 


COEKESPONDENCE  OF  JAMES  ALFRED  PEAECE.     155 

thing  occured,  I  would  have  written  to  you,  hut  1  was  unwilling 
to  have  any  kind  friend  involved  in  the  difficulty,  and  called 
upon,  as  I  knew  I  could,  a  medical  friend,  Mr.  J.  Bittle  King. 
He  was  to  have  attended  me  to  the  field.  Pitts  acted  as  my 
friend  to  carry  my  first  demand  for  a  withdrawal  of  the  offen- 
sive term,  I  telling  him,  altho'  he  was  willing  and  anxious  to 
be  with  me  throughout,  yet  I  could  not  suffer  him  for  the 
reason  I  have  stated.  I  fear  I  shall  be  kept  here  some  ten  or 
twelve  days  longer.  If  you  return  home  how  long  will  you 
be  away?     Let  me  know  by  return  mail. 

"  The  treaty  project,  the  Senate  I  think,  has  a  right  to  be 
informed  of,  and  ought  to  be.  I  have  no  doubt  it  gives  us 
as  much  and  perhaps  more,  than  we  ought  to  exact.  As  to  the 
War,  altho  I  differ  in  one  thing  from  our  friends  and  am,  in 
other  things  as  you  say,  and  I  fear  too  justly  '  a  wilful  man,' 
I  beg  you  to  be  assured,  that  such  differences  and  contentious- 
ness leave  me  still  as  sincerely  attached  to  them,  as  they  can 
be  to  each  other.  Esteeming  them  as  Brothers.  J  hope  to  be 
so  soon  regarded  by  them. 

"  I  think  you  had  better  come  here  if  you  can.  Are  you  not 
afraid  that  I  may  plot  agt.  you?  Jesting  apart,  you  had 
better  come. 

Sincerely  your  friend, 

Reverdy  Johnson."' 

On  May  25,  1849,  from  Lebanon,  Ohio,  Thos.  Corwin  wrote: 

"  At  the  very  moment  when  my  mouth  was  choked  with 
bitter  curses,  your  letter  came  assuring  me  that  I  was  not  a 
fool,  but  had  reason  '  good  in  the  law,'  for  wrath,  malice  and 
evil  speech.  As  these  Privy  'Counsellors  expect  to  cozen  the 
rank  and  file  into  obedience  and  direction,  while  they  shoot 
down  before  their  eyes,  the  Cols,  and  Brigadiers  that  have 
led  them  through  so  many  fields  '  red  .  .  .  shed  '  oh  the  fools ! 
Do  you  not  see  that  my  Cabinet,  whereat  you  chose  to  laugh 
somewhat,  would  have  done  otherwise,  and  been  other  sorts 


156  MAETLAND   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

of  men !  I  shall  turn  egotist  and  rail  at  '  others  folly '  if  the 
self  constituted  wise  ones  don't  change  their  demeanor. 

"  If  these  Admirals  sail  the  ship  on  their  present  tack, 
before  a  year  rolls  away,  the  Shore  of  their  Sea  will  be  '  heaped 
with  the  damn'd  like  pebbles.'  Where  then  will  be  such  fellows 
as  you  and  I  ?  Where  shall  we  go,  To  the  devil,  you  will  say, 
whither  with  swift  despatch  the  Whig  party  seems  tending. 
Is  it  not  rather  hard  to  rest  our  bones  for  age,  in  the  Sarcoph- 
agus provided  by  such  Undertakers  ! 

"  I  shall  be  in  Babylon  June  the  2,  '49 — I  beg  you  will 
come  over  the  bay  and  foregather  with  me  a  day  or  two,  will 
you  not — I  must  be  there  for  a  few  weeks,  you  can  sojourn 
a  day,  a  week,  or  an  hour,  if  you  please,  but  come — I  will  look 
for  you,  and  oblige  me  by  sending  a  line  to  Washington  saying 
what  day  I  shall  see  you.     Till  then,  *  The  Gods  Keep  You.'  " 

On  January  23,  1850,  from  Annapolis,  E.  F.  Chambers 
wrote  on  Mr.  Butler's  proposed  schemes: 

"  The  subject  is  of  vital  importance  to  us  and  is  becoming 
more  and  more  so  to  all  the  South.  Indeed  as  the  border  line 
is  extended  more  and  more  South  and  as  facilities  multiply, 
every  part  of  the  slave  holding  Country  must  expect  to  be  as 
we  are  now,  mere  stake  holders  for  Northern  madmen  to 
depredate  upon.  With  regard  to  your  bill  I  called  this  morn- 
ing (before  receiving  your  letter)  on  Mr.  Tilghman  to  ask 
if  he  could  not  speak  to  a  number  of  the  Senate  to  urge  its 
prompt  passage  to  be  ready  for  you  when  you  came.  It  had 
passed  the  House  and  was  in  the  Senate  where  Spencer  told 
me  he  had  bespoken  sponsors  for  it.  Constable  however  as 
well  as  himself  is  absent  and  I  was  afraid  it  wanted  a  pro- 
tection. Tilghman  promised  to  speak  to  Done  and  get  him  to 
attend  to  it  at  once.  Done  by  the  way  is  probably  the  strong- 
est man  in  the  body  intellectually.  Hambleton  you  Iniow  is 
at  Easton  where  the  trials  (and  acquittals)  of  Smith  are  going 
on. 

"  I  was  in  hope  you  would  have  been  on  to  patronize  Mr. 


COEEESPONDENCE  OF  JAMES  ALFEED  PEAECE.      157 

Pratt  who  entertains  to-morrow  Eve — and  the  idea  is  that  all 
the  world  is  to  be  there.  The  election  to-day  for  State  Sena- 
tor has  made  very  little  noise.  My  Brother  Magruder  has 
just  told  me  the  majority  is  reported  to  be  500  against  young 
Claude — for  whom  he  says  the  Whigs  could  not  be  induced 
to  vote  and  he  added  he  '  didn't  know  how  in  the  name  of  sense 
they  ever  allowed  him  to  be  nominated.'  " 

[Note  :  Done  was  John  H.  Done  of  Somerset  County.  Tilgh- 
man  was  probably  Lloyd  Tilghman  of  Queen  Anne's  County, 
a  member  of  the  House  of  Delegates,  of  which  body  Samuel  W. 
Spencer  of  Kent  County  was  also  a  member.] 

On  March  22,  1850,  Brantz  Mayer  wrote  from  Baltimore: 

'•'  I  saw  by  the  report  of  proceedings  in  the  Senate,  some 
time  ago,  that  a  Report  has  been  presented  from  Lieutenant 
Smith,  upon  the  drainage  of  the  Valley  of  Mexico,  and  that 
the  Senate  refused  to  print  it.  Will  you  pardon  me  for  ex- 
pressing the  hope  that  you  will  endeavor  to  throw  the  influence 
of  your  recognized  Scientific  position  in  favor  of  a  reconsider- 
ation of  the  vote.  You  are  doubtless  aware  that  the  Valley  is 
one  of  the  most  interesting  geographical  features  of  the  world, 
and  that  its  hydrography  has  always  been  a  matter  of  curious 
and  valuable  investigation  since  the  days  of  the  first  Velasco. 
I  am  confident  from  the  reports  I  received  from  the  '  Commis- 
sion de  .Estadista '  ^of  [Mexico,  that  this  Memoir  ^will  be 
hailed  in  the  Republic  by  its  Scientific  Citizens  as  one  of  the 
most  valuable  gifts  we  can  make  it;  and  that  no  petty  con- 
sideration of  '  future  occupation,'  by  us,  will  mingle  with  the 
perusal  and  study  of  such  a  paper  in  the  Capital. — They  are 
doing  all  they  can  in  Mexico,  through  the  'Commission,' — 
at  the  head  of  which  are  Arista  and  Almonte, — ^to  push  on 
the  geographical  development  and  description  of  their  Country. 
And,  as  a  corresponding  Member  of  that  Commission,  I  res- 
pectfully solicit  your  powerful  aid  in  delivering  the  Memoir 
to  the  World. 


15:8  MARYLAND   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

"  Let  me  thank  you  for  the  Memoir  you  were  good  enough  to 
send  me  the  other  day,  and  at  the  same  time  to  say  that  I 
shall  be  glad  at  any  time  to  show  you  my  very  complete 
Library  of  Mexican  Works  on  the  History,  Statistics,  An- 
tiquities, etc.,  of  that  interesting  portion  of  the  globe. — ^I 
have  gathered  the  Library  with  great  trouble,  and  shall  digest 
a  good  deal  of  it  in  the  new  Historical  and  Descriptive  work 
on  Mexico  which  I  am  about  to  publish." 

P.  S.  "  If  you  will  mention  this  subject  of  this  letter  to 
my  friends  Col.  Benton  and  Mr.  Clay,  I  dare  say  they  will 
gladly  cooperate  with  you. — I  know  that  the  Topographical 
Bureau  estimates  the  Memoir  highly." 

From  George  Town,  on  September  24,  1850,  G.  C.  Wash- 
ington wrote : 

"  An  absence  of  three  months  from  home,  prevented  me 
from  replying  sooner  to  your  favor  of  the  27th,  August,  in 
relation  to  the  farewell  address  of  Gen'l  Washington.  I  did 
not  receive  your  letter  until  my  return. 

"  I  have  for  some  time  past  had  reason  to  suspect  the  inten- 
tion of  the  Hamilton  family  to  claim  for  Gen'l.  Hamilton  the 
authorship  of  the  farewell  address,  and  my  late  Uncle  Judge 
Washington  entertained  like  suspicions,  which  he  expressed 
to  me  in  the  presence  of  Judge  Marshall  and  at  the  same 
time  informed  me,  that  with  his  will  I  would  find  a  sealed 
packet  of  papers  containing  proofs  of  Genl.  Washington's 
claim  to  the  authorship  to  the  Farewell  Address — with  an  in- 
junction not  to  make  them  public,  except  in  a  certain  contin- 
gency which  has  not  exactly  occurred,  though  probably  it  may — 
The  endorsement  on  these  papers  is  as  follows — 

'  Genl.  Washington's  Farewell  Address  ' 

'  Proofs  of  his  being  the  Author — to  be  made  use  of  should 
the  hints  and  whispers  now  circulating  to  the  contrary  ever 
assume  a  public  garb,  so  as  to  render  it  necessary.' 

'  The  original  letter  from  Mr.  Jay  is  in  possession  of  Judge 


COEKESPONDENCE  OF  JAMES  ALFRED  PEAKCE.      159 

Peters  and  will  be  confided  to  his  Executor  probably,  to  be 
used  only  in  case  it  should  be  rendered  necessary  by  the  Ham- 
iltons.' 

"  By  reference  to  Sparks  '  Writings  of  Washington,'  to  which 
I  would  invite  your  attention,  the  history  of  the  preparation  of 
the  farewell  address  is  given — see  appendix  to  Vol.  12  from 
pages  382  to  398  inclusive — ^He  appears  to  have  had  access  to 
all  the  papers  now  in  my  possession,  at  the  time  he  was  staying 
at  Mt.  Vernon  and  preparing  the  papers  for  removal  to  Cam- 
bridge, Mass.,  and  indeed  enclosed  to  me  from  the  latter  place 
the  letter  of  Genl.  Hamilton  in  relation  to  the  address — It 
would  appear  that  contrary  to  his  otherwise  invariable  prac- 
tice Genl.  W.  kept  no  copies  of  his  letters  to  Hamilton,  and 
to  this  day  I  have  never  seen  them,  although  it  would  seem, 
that  with  the  other  papers  of  Genl.  H.  they  are  now  deposited 
in  the  State  Department.  This  correspondence  being  in  strict 
personal  confidence  and  friendship  should  either  have  been 
destroyed  or  reserved;  but,  as  I  believe,  was  placed  in  the  de- 
partment so  as  to  give  a  plausible  pretext  for  the  claim  of 
authorship  to  Genl.  H. — I  presume  they  have  no  copies  of  this 
letter  to  Genl.  W.  as  I  infer  from  thenr  repeated  attempt, 
to  procure  them  from  me  by  the  offer  of  an  interchange  of 
letters  with  me,  so  that  each  party  might  be  in  possession  of 
the  entire  correspondence — Suspecting  as  I  did  the  motive  I 
declined  or  waived  the  proposition.  It  was  only  a  few  days 
before  my  recent  return  home,  that  old  Mrs.  Hamilton  and 
her  daughter  for  the  first  time  visited  my  house  and  I  suspect 
on  a  similar  errand — I  cannot  but  think,  that  this  attempt  of 
the  Hamiltons  to  detract  from  the  merits  of  Genl.  W.  as  a 
writer,  while  it  cannot  injure  his  character  or  fame  or  lessen 
for  him  the  veneration  of  his  Country,  will  draw  on  them  its 
odium,  for  the  violation  of  the  confidence  of  bosom  friends  and 
for  claiming  that,  which  Genl.  H.  never  did  or  would  have 
claimed  or  sanctioned — ^Genl.  H.  was  not  the  only  one  consulted 
by  Genl.  W.  in  relation  to  the  farewell  address — ^Mr.  Jay  and 
Mr.  Madison  were  also  of  the  number — as  you  will  see  by  the 


160  MARYLAND   HISTOEICAX   MAGAZINE. 

reference  I  have  made  to  Sparks.  The  manuscript  of  the 
farewell  address,  in  my  possession,  was  commenced  in  1792, 
when  he  first  contemplated  declining  a  reelection,  and  addi 
tions  were  subsequently  made  to  it,  and  as  Sparks  says,  there 
is  no  evidence  that  this  particular  paper  was  ever  submitted 
to  the  inspection  of  Genl.  H.  (See  page  391  as  above) — Indeed 
there  is  reason  to  believe  that  it  was  not — The  purport  of  that 
manuscript  you  will  see  by  the  above  reference — 

"  I  have  now  every  reason  to  believe,  that  the  Clayton  manu- 
script was  that  submitted  to  Genl.  Hamilton  and  Mr.  Jay,  and 
that  the  alterations  and  interliniations  in  Genl.  Ws  writing 
were  those  made  by  him  at  the  suggestion  of  those  gentlemen, 
who  at  his  request  revised  the  address.  For  further  infor- 
mation on  this  point  and  for  explanation  of  the  fact  of  there 
being  a  copy  of  the  address  in  Genl.  H's  handwriting,  if  it  be 
so,  I  refer  you  to  the  accompanying  letter  from  Mr.  Jay  to 
Judge  Peters — ^I  also  forward  you  the  minutes  of  a  conver- 
sation I  held  with  Mr.  J.  G.  Hamilton  in  March  last.  It  has 
never  been  denied  and  Mr.  Sparks  admits  the  fact,  that  Genl. 
W.  consulted  Genl.  H.  freely,  and  that  there  was  an  inter- 
change of  opinions  by  correspondence  between  them. 

"  That  all  the  thoughts  and  sentiments  of  the  address  were 
Genl.  Washington's  there  can  be  no  reason  to  doubt,  although 
it  is  probably  that  the  phraseology  may  have  been  improved  at 
the  suggestion  of  Genl.  H.  But  this  can  surely  give  no  just 
or  reasonable  claim  to  exclusive  authorship — 

"  I  have  been  unwell  for  a  day  or  two  and  have  written 
hastily,  and  have  taken  no  copy  of  this  note,  which  I  will  thank 
you  to  preserve — 'Not  have  I  any  copy  of  the  accompanying 
papers,  which  you  will  please  return. 

"  Appreciating  fuUy  and  thanking  you  sincerely  for  the 
motive  which  induced  you  to  address  me  on  this  subject,  in 
relation  to  which  any  further  information  in  my  power  will 
be  given,  I  am  very  faithfully  yours," 


COERESPONDENCE  OF  JAMES  ALFRED  PEARCE.      161 

On  June  12,  1851,  from  Annapolis,  E.  F.  Chambers  wrote: 

"  Yrs.  of  10th.  is  at  hand  by  the  mail  of  this  morning,  in 
which  among  other  things,  you  say  my  friends  have  no  assurance 
that  I  will  serve  in  the  'Court  of  Appeals  and  desire  to  know 
*  whether  my  name  may  be  used  in  the  Canvass.' 

"  Hitherto  I  have  declined  giving  an  affirmative  answer  to 
similar  applications. 

"  It  may  be  well  to  remark  that  Judge  Eccleston  has  long 
since  kuown  that  under  no  circumstances  would  I  consent  to 
serve  as  Circuit  Judge. 

"  Before  the  vote  on  the  adoption  of  the  Constitution  1 
regarded  it  as  altogether  indelicate  and  certainly  inexpedient 
to  prepare  for  a  canvass  or  to  allow  myself  to  be  proposed  for 
an  office  before  it  was  certain  that  the  office  would  exist. 

"  Subsequently  I  was  unwilling  to  allow  any  use  of  my  name 
until  I  could  learn  from  Judge  Spence  whether  he  desired  to 
be  proposed  by  his  friends.  He  declines  having  his  name  used 
in  connection  with  this  office.  His  friends  will  have  him  poll 
for  the  office  of  Circuit  Judge  to  which  he  consents  reluctantly. 
I  have  no  longer  any  reason  for  declining  an  answer  to  yr. 
inquiry.  I  am  willing  to  serve  as  a  Judge  of  the  Court  of 
Appeals  if  it  be  the  pleasure  of  the  good  people  of  the  Eastern 
Shore  to  express  their  desire  that  such  shall  be  the  case.  It 
is  however,  proper  to  add  that  in  determining  to  give  me  their 
votes  for  the  office,  my  friends  must  act  with  full  knowledge 
of  my  desire  to  keep  aloof  from  all  participation  in  the  canvass. 
ITot  only  shall  I  expect  to  be  excused  from  the  indelicacy  of 
'  taking  the  Stump,'  or  in  any  other  way  publicly  urging  any 
claim  to  the  confidence  or  support  of  voters,  but  I  cannot  pri- 
vately use  any  means  to  influence  their  opinions.  I  would 
prefer  decidedly  that  there  should  not  be  a  political  conven- 
tional nomination  yet  I  am  aware  that  there  are  many  who  think 
a  concert  of  action  can  be  obtained  in  no  other  mode,  I  would 
not  insist  on  this  as  a  condition,  but  would  regard  such  a  pro- 
ceeding as  only  a  subject  of  regret. 

"  It  appears  to  me  as  only  a  plain  propriety  that  a  judicial 


162  MARYLAND   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

officer  of  high  grade  should  be  elected  on  grounds  as  wide  as 
possible  from  those  of  party  politics. 

"  If  these  views  on  my  part  are  deemed  by  my  personal 
friends  objectionable  and  such  as  make  it  desirable  to  propose 
the  name  of  another  I  shall  acquiesce  in  any  opinion  they  may 
finally  adopt  after  a  full  and  free  consideration  of  the  subject. 

"  There  are  no  such  attractions  in  the  position — especially 
when  its  labors  and  emoluments  are  contrasted — as  to  make  me 
at  all  anxious  to  occupy  it. 

"  I  frankly  confess  to  some  pride  in  having  a  decided  ex- 
hibition of  the  continued  confidence  of  my  Eastern  Shore 
Countrymen  as  an  offset  to  the  many  harsh  and  unjust  impu- 
tations which  have  been  heaped  upon  me  so  liberally  from 
various  quarters,  and  the  warm  and  earnest  solicitations  of 
kind  friends  from  different  and  distant  portions  of  the  district 
have  induced  me  to  suppose  such  an  endorsement  would  be 
given.  This  is  the  leading  motive  to  gratify  the  request  of 
those  who  like  yourself  have  urged  me  to  accept  the  place. 
Should  these  friends — I  repeat — cease  to  desire  it  on  the  terms 
here  mentioned  I  will  cheerfully  give  place  to  another." 

[JSTote:  Eccleston  was  Judge  John  B.  Eccleston  of  Kent, 
and  Spence  Judge  Lea  Spence  of  Dorchester.] 

On  July  .27,  1851,  from  W[ashington]  City,  Tho.  Corwin 
wrote : 

"  I  am  here  again  to  be  worried  stewed  or  broiled  as  time 
and  tide  may  chance.  Will  you  be  soon  or  ever  here  again  I 
If  not  when  may  I  hope  to  see  you  at  home  or  any  where  else. 
I  am  indeed  most  anxious  to  see  you  again  for  a  short  time, 
say  half  a  day,  and  if  the  demands  of  duty  permitted  a  year. 

"  How  I  envy  your  condition — I  see  you  are  busy  in  the 
quiet  haunts,  and  cool  retreats  of  literature.  Send  me  (if  I 
am  never  to  see  you  this  side  of  Elyssium)  a  copy  of  your  late 
speech  at  College — Is  not  that  pursuit  (the  acquisition  &  com- 
munication of  knowledge)  the  only  rational  business  of  man! 


COEKESPONDENCE  OF  JAMES  ALFRED  PEARCE.      163 

Will  it  not  constitute  the  happiness  and  glory  of  the  '  just ' 
hereafter !  Shall  we  not  be  allowed  to  listen  to  the  Harp  of 
Isaiah  and  ponder  the  mysteries  of  Creation  with  Newton  in 
some  quiet  nook  in  Eternity!  Alas!  I  fear  the  triumph  of 
Whig  or  Democratic  ticket,  will  seem  to  us  then,  matters  of 
small  moment — Amen — My  sermon  is  ended — So  answer  this 
soon  and  oblige  one  who  is  in  all  moods  and  tenses  is,  your 
friend." 

On  June  10,  1853,  from  Huntsville,  Alabama,  Sam.  Houston 
wrote : 

"I  see  in  the  '  Klichmond  Examiner'  of  the  27th.  May,  a 
letter  of  E.  W.  Morris,  late  of  the  Texan  'Nslvj  addressed  to 
you,  in  which  he  as  well  as  the  Editors,  drag  me  in  and  render 
me  a  fair  portion  of  abuse.  I  hope  you  will  not  notice,  either 
the  one  or  the  other,  but  leave  it  to  me,  at  the  proper  time, 
place  and  manner. 

"  If  I  am  spared,  I  pledge  you  my  word,  there  will  be  some 
sorry  folks  in  the  matter.  They  will  be  Jcindly  considered,  and 
I  propose  to  both  of  them  with  their  Portraits,  when  drawn 
to  life,  and  properly  shaded. 

"  I  want  you,  if  you  please  to  retain  the  two  Pamphlets  to 
which  he  refers,  as  having  sent  you,  for  I  tried  to  procure 
them,  when  I  heard  of  them,  but  did  not  succeed.  I  hope  if  we 
live  to  meet  again,  that  you  may  have  them,  and  inter  nos,  I 
will  make  them  think,  that  the  '  outside  Barbarians '  have 
turned  loose  on  them. 

Please  write  to  me,  as  I  will  be  happy  to  hear  from  you,  as 
well  as  of  your  wellf are. 

We  have  a  dead  calm  in  politics  in  this  land  of  Democracy." 

On  February  16,  1855,  from  Boston,  R  C.  Winthrop  wrote: 

"  May  I  trouble  you  to  put  the  inclosed  in  the  way  of  reach- 
ing our  friend  Crittenden,  who  I  believe  is  in  Washington,  but 
who  has  not  yet  the  franking  privilege?  I  have  no  Massachu- 
setts correspondent  in  the  Senate  now,  and  no  one  from  whom 


164:  MABTLAND  HISTORICAL,   MAGAZINE. 

I  can  look  for  a  Document.  '  Sumner  has  at  last  a  Colleague,' 
the  papers  say.  I  am  likely  to  be  none  the  better  for  that,  but, 
on  the  contrary,  to  miss  the  favors  of  my  old  friend  Rockwell. 

"  All  this  will,  I  trust,  be  a  sufficient  apology  for  troubling 
you  with  the  enclosure. 

"  I  am  indebted  to  Mr.  Wright  for  a  copy  of  the  Smithsonian 
Debate,  which  I  have  already  examined  with  great  interest. 
All  Boston  has  not  been  of  a  mind  in  this  matter." 

[Note:  John  J.  Crittenden's  term  as  (Senator  began  on 
March  4,  and  Julius  Rockwell's  term  as  Senator  expired  Janu- 
ary 31.] 

On  April  12,  1855,  from  Baltimore,  W.  Prescott  Smith 
wrote : 

"  Your  favor  the  7th.  should  have  been  answered  earlier, 
but  for  my  absence  from  town. 

"  The  set  of  Globes,  in  18  volumes  will  prove  a  highly  ac- 
ceptable contribution  to  the  Library  of  the  Maryland  Institute, 
where  they  will  be  seen  and  read  by  its  3000  members. 

We  have  a  *  Mercantile  Library  Association  '  here  in  vigor- 
ous existence.  Its  rooms  are  situated  in  the  Athenaeum  Build- 
ing on  Saratoga  Street  at  the  corner  of  St.  Paul.  A  copy  of 
the    Globe  would  also  prove   useful  and    acceptable  to  them. 

"  There  is  another  association  here  that  needs  fostering,  and 
which  is  popular  and  successful.  I  allude  to  the  '  Young 
Men's  Christian  Association.'  Its  rooms  are  in  the  new  '  Bible 
House,'  in  Fayette  Street,  back  of  Charles  Street  Church. 

"  But  for  general  usefulness  and  expanded  scope  of  opera- 
tion, the  Institute  is  by  far  the  most  important  organization 
of  an  educational  and  moral  character,  in  the  City  of  Balti- 
more. We  have  no  less  than  1600  junior  members,  lads  of 
from  14  to  20  years  of  age,  the  very  flower  of  the  rising  energy 
and  intelligence  of  the  place,  and  perhaps  as  a  body,  the  best 
illustration  of  '  Young  America,'  regulated  and  restrained  by 
good  influence  to  be  found  in  one  combination,  any  where. 
Our  Library  is  but  one  of  the  features  of  the  Institute.    Its  vol- 


COEBESPONDENCE  OF  JAMES  ALFRED  PEAKCE.      165 

umes  number  but  4500  yet,  although  we  have  fully  1000 
constant  readers,  who  take  out  books.  Perhaps  to  no  society 
in  the  Union  therefore,  could  good  books  be  so  positively 
useful,  in  all  respects. 

"  While  writing  you,  permit  me  to  ask,  on  the  earnest  behalf 
of  the  Institute,  whether  we  may  not  now  secure  your  positive 
promise  to  deliver  a  lecture  upon  some  useful  general  subject 
(to  be  chosen  by  yourself)  during  the  coming  winter  season  ?" 

From  the  House  of  Eepresentatives  in  Washington,  May  16, 
1856,  Justin  S.  Morrill,  of  Vermont,  wrote: 

"  It  seems  a  long  time  since  you  left  and  I  feel  desirous  to 
learn  how  that  gouty  foot  is  behaving.  If  you  are  able  please 
send  me  a  bulletin  of  your  health. 

"  Douglas  and  the  dog-star  rages.  Pierce  has  recognized 
the  fiUibusters  of  Central  America  and  I  think  if  you  were  in 
the  Senate  most  likely  you  would  spear  old  Marcy  and  young 
America  some.  All  the  democratic  candidates  follow  the  lead 
of  Capt.  Rynders — Under  that  banner  they  propose  to  conquer. 

Very  sincerely  yours," 

Thos.  Corwin  wrote  from  Cincinnati  on  May  16,  1856: 

"  I  am  not  dead  indeed  I  am  not,  I  am  more  than  half  alive, 
Our  Supreme  Court  has  decided  that  a  man  more  than  half 
white  is  white.  By  analogy  to  this  law  I  am  to  all  interests 
and  purposes  a  '  living  being  within  the  King's  peace '  though 
perhaps  not  a  '  reasonable  one '  upon  whom  according  to  Coke, 
murder  might  be  committed,  I  often  wonder  what  you  are 
doing,  whether  sitting  at  your  desk  cursing  some  prosy  speaker, 
who  has  been  for  four  hours  lecturing  upon  the  Social  Com- 
pact, The  Origin  of  'Government,  The  Institutes  of  Menu,  The 
Zendavesta  of  Zoroaster,  The  Koran  &  Ten  Commandants  upon 
such  novel  and  exciting  topics,  you  know.  Statesmen^  practical 
Statesmen,  (&  ours  are  all  practical)  are  wont  to  enlighten 
Mankind  immediately  preceding  a  Presidential  election,  or 
whether  you  are  seated  snugly  and  alone  in  your  own  chair 


166  MAEYLAND   HISTOEICAL   MAGAZINE. 

regaling  your  tastes  with  some  agreeable  book.  Or  (when  I 
look  on  the  dark  possibilities),  whether  you  are  on  your  back 
with  one  leg  projected  perpendicularly,  under  the  soothing 
influence  of  the  Satanic  grip  of  the  gout.  Well,  what  the 
devil  are  you  about.  Wisely  enough  you  are  silent  in  the 
Senate.  I  know  not  why  any  man  should  argue  his  cause, 
when  his  Jury  is  packed,  and  unless  he  runs  for  the  presidency 
on  a  pamphlet  speech  for  a  platform,  he  should  husband  his 
wind  for  a  more  profitable  market,  than  the  U.  S.  Congress. 
I  see  it  stated  in  the  newspapers  this  morning,  that  a  Presiden- 
tial election  is  to  be  '  had  and  held,'  all  over  the  TJ.  S.  some- 
time next  fall.  Is  this  so  ?  If  it  be  so  pray  tell  me  does 
anybody  run  against  your  namesake?  I  dare  say  this  election 
I  have  heard  of,  explains  the  noise  made  over  Buchanan.  I 
shrewdly  suspect  he  thinks  of  the  crown  and  wants  votes  there- 
for. How  Buch  does  prosper.  Every  where  he  is  hailed  with 
congratulations  and  applause.  '  His  cow  calveth  and  casteth 
not  her  calf :  his  Bull  gendereth  and  ref useth  not '  see  Job, 
Chap —  Verse —  Can  you  tell  me  whether  the  Supreme  Court 
ever  sits  now  a  days  in  Washington.  I  understand  it  does. 
A  Yankee  lawyer  came  into  my  sanctum  yesterday,  his  eyes 
bloodshot  and  shooting  out  of  their  sockets  half  an  inch,  the 
cold  sweat  dropping  from  his  forhead  and  nose,  ejaculating 
broken  execrations  upon  the  same  Supreme  Court,  because  he 
said  they  had  recently  decided  or  would  soon  decide  that  a  nabob 
from  Kty  could  pick  up  half  a  dozen  of  his  negroes  and  bring 
them  over  into  our  religious  and  free  State,  and  keep  them 
here  during  hot  months  of  Summer,  provided  he  could  prove 
he  came  to  be  cured  of  a  bilious  cholic !  He  demanded  of  me 
what  I  thought  of  this  enormity.  After  a  moment's  reflection, 
I  told  him  I  hoped  they  would  come  in  the  Winter  as  in  that 
case  the  smell  would  be  more  agreeable  to  our  free  and  evan- 
gelical nostrils.  My  interrogator  opened  his  eyes  till  they 
resembled  two  dogwood  bushes  in  bloom,  swelled  out  his  cheeks, 
snorted  like  a  horse  who  sees  fox  fire  in  the  night  and  bolted 
out  of  my  sanctum  with  a  stride  that  would  have  done  credit 


COEKESPONDENCE  OF  JAMES  ALFEED  PEARCE.      167 

to  Gilpin's  Horse.  Oh  how  your  resolutions  do  vex  my  quiet 
sensible  people  in  our  homes.  Here  comes  a  client,  good- 
night my  [friend]  for  this  time — ^Do  you  remember  a  fellow 
by  the  name  of  Bob  Schenck,  a  white  haired  broad  mouthed 
stalwart  looking  chap  rather  smart  in  his  way.  If  you  see 
him  ever,  give  him  my  regards.  Does  Crittenden  drink  as 
hard  as  ever?  Was  he  sober  when  he  fell  upon  Douglass 
about — something  I  forget  what — " 

On  May  23,  1857,  from  Cincinnati,  Thos.  Corwin  wrote: 

"  I  was  heartily  rejoiced  on  receipt  of  your  letter.  I  had 
supposed  the  gout  was  upon  you,  and  thus  accounted  for  a 
short  delay  in  replying  to  my  note.  I  felt  guUty  or  rather 
sheepish  when  I  asked  yr.  kindly  aid  to  my  friend.  I  con- 
soled myself  with  the  certainty  that  you  would  act  as  became 
you,  and  that  you  alone  could  determine  what  it  was  proper 
to  do  in  the  premises.  I  shall  always  be  gratified  for  the  '  good 
word '  dropt  incidentally  as  you  propose.  I  am  glad  to  know 
that  you  can  excuse  the  frailty  of  my  nature  to  which  you 
allude,  yet  I  do  believe  no  one,  not  even  yourself  can  regret 
more  than  I  the  events  which  enabled  you  to  understand,  how 
a  temporary  misanthropy,  should  follow  a  strong  sense  of  in- 
justice, at  the  hands  of  a  world,  whose  happiness  you  had 
always  sought  to  subserve.  The  malignity  of  foes,  who  might 
be  smarting  under  the  chastisement  justly  inflicted,  could  be 
borne,  but  the  bitterest  drop  in  the  cup  is,  the  ingratitude  of 
quondam  friends,  whom  you  had  obliged.  All  this  and  more 
have  I  felt,  and  felt  it  too  till  my  pulse  ran  wild,  and  my 
heart  burned  as  it  were  in  a  furnace  at  White  heat.  It  is  all 
now  past,  but  not  forgotten  or  forgiven.  I  am  cool  and  in- 
capable of  another  such  crucifixion,  but  I  am  not  or  shall  be 
what  I  was.  All  other  feelings  for  mankind  are  lost  in  my 
deep  contempt.  There  let  them  sleep.  I  speak  of  the  mass, 
not  the  very  few,  whose  existence  have  alone  made  life  tol- 
erable, and  preserves  the  foetid  mass  from  putrescence  and 
quick  death.     I  trust  I  shajl  see  you  here  at  the  time  you 


168  MARYLAND  HISTORICAL,   MAGAZINE. 

propose,  '  hale  and  livin' '  with  a  plethoric  purse  and  a  light 
heart.  I  work  daily  and  seem  at  this  moment  to  enjoy  the 
sweet  retirement  and  rural  charms  that  surround  you  '  Non 
invideo  sed  Miror  Majus.'  May  you  long  live  with  such  happy 
surroundings.  It  would  be  a  great  favor  to  me,  if  you  would 
spoil  a  sheet  of  fair  paper  and  send  it  to  me,  whenever  head 
or  heart  shall  prompt;  whatever  others  may  have  falsely  said 
or  pretended  to  believe  concerning  your  motives,  never  no  not 
for  one  instant,  affected  me  with  any  other  feeling  than  con- 
tempt or  hatred  for  the  liars  and  hypocrites  who  vainly  sup- 
posed they  could  shake  the  firm  confidence  of  one — of  all — 
all  who  knew  you  in  your  perfect  integrity. — Your  often  obliged 
and  true  friend." 

From  Chestertown,  on  March  30,  1858,  E.  F.  Chambers 
wrote : 

"  You  will  no  doubt  have  heard  that  Judge  Hopper  after 
lingering  several  days  beyond  the  utmost  limits  allowed  by 
his  medical  and  other  attendants  died  on  Sunday  morning 
28th. 

"  We  suppose  one  consequence  is  that  no  process  can  issue 
dated  subsequently  to  his  death  and  as  in  the  fortnight  inter- 
vening before  our  Court  it  may  be  generally  desired  not  to 
have  suits  or  executions  delayed  we  have  drawn  up  a  written 
agreement,  signed  by  all  the  resident  bar,  except  Mr.  Eicaud 
and  yourself,  to  the  effect  that  the  Clerk  may  issue  any  pro- 
cess which  might  have  issued  if  the  Judge  were  still  alive, 
and  the  same  be  dated  on  Saturday  the  27th.  March  instant 
and  we  pledge  ourselves  not  to  take  advantage  of  the  irregular- 
ity or  to  allow  our  clients  to  do  it.  I  have  undertaken  to  pro- 
cure the  assent  of  Mr.  Ricaud  and  yourself  to  the  arrangement. 
To  guard  against  accidents  I  write  to  each  of  you.  Take  a 
moment  to  write  at  once. 

"  I  congratulate  you  on  the  Kansas  vote — ^which  is  to  be 
hoped  will  be  the  last  of  it  in  your  body. 

"  We  have  been  dealing  also  with  Conventions  in  embryo — 


COERESPONDENCE  OF  JAMES  ALFRED  PEARCE.      169 

one  proposed  at  Easton  to  threaten  repudiation  or  coerce  an 
extra  session — as  we  presume — tlie  other  at  Cambridge  to 
consult  in  regard  to  a  division  of  the  Diocese.  The  first  we 
hope  will  prove  a  miscarriage  and  as  you  may  perceive  by 
Saturday's  Kjent  !N"ews  have  administered  a  cold  bath.  To 
the  second  the  Vestry  have  done  me  the  honor  to  ask  me  to 
attend,  in  the  hope  of  defeating  a  project  as  wild  as  it  is  im- 
practicable. You  will  concur  with  us  I  trust  in  the  treatment 
of  each." 

P.  S. — "  Being  called  off  before  fairly  finishing  this  must 
ask  you  to  let  Eicaud  see  and  consider  it  as  equally  addressed 
to  him." 

[Note  :  James  Barroll  Eicaud,  of  Chestertown,  was  then  a 
member  of  Congress.  Philemon  B.  Hopper  was  a  member  of 
the  Maryland  Court  of  Appeals.] 

On  May  7,  1859,  from  Huntsville,  Sam.  Houston  wrote: 

"  Your  favor  of  the  5th.  ult.  has  just  reached  me,  and  I 
need  not  assure  you,  that  I  was  happy  to  see  your  sign  manual. 

"  I  would  try  and  write  you  a  long  letter  but  as  I  have 
not  yet  located  at  Cedar  Point,  I  must  postpone  it  until  I  can 
ask  you  to  come  and  eat  oysters  with  me  and  crabs.  The  fish 
and  fowl,  you  know  I  reserve  for  our  friend  Iverson.  I  do 
not  invite  you  on  the  contingency  of  '  uncertainty,'  but  to  offer 
you  freely,  the  best  I  have  and  our  cheerful  Reville  of  boist- 
erous children. 

"  I  am  delighted  with  my  liberty,  and  feel  more  at  ease 
than  I  have  done  for  forty-six  years.  For  the  reason  that  I 
can  do  what  I  chuse  or  nothing  at  all. 

"  My  people  are  all  in  too  good  humor  with  me,  and  I  intend 
to  keep  them  so.  I  will  not  dabble  any  more  in  muddy  waters, 
when  I  can  enjoy  clear  waters  at  much  less  expense  and  trouble. 

"  I  have  turned  your  letter  over  to  my  friend  Dr.  Meredith 
of  Crockett  to  be  answered. 

"  Joy  and  happiness  to  thee  and  thine." 

[!N"ote:   Iverson  is  probably  Alfred  Iverson  of  Georgia.] 
5 


170  MARYLAISTD  HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

On  January  17,  1855,  from  El  Paso,  Texas,  Wm.  H.  Emory- 
wrote  : 

"  We  have  made  good  progress,  with  our  work,  having  con- 
cluded the  initial  point  on  the  Rio  Grande  and  push  our 
operations  as  far  West  as  we  can  go,  until  we  establish  a  depot 
at  the  other  end  of  the  Jornado  near  the  extremity  of  the  100 
miles  to  be  measured  on  the  parallel  of  31°  47.  We  have  yet 
found  no  good  road  near  the  line  to  pass  wagons  over.  It  is 
nearly  dead  level  but  as  far  as  we  have  looked  (60  miles), 
there  is  no  water  and  much  sand. 

"  Our  party  is  well  organized  and  I  hope  and  believe  we  shall 
get  through  with  the  present  appropriation,  but  in  view  of  the 
terrible  hardships  we  have  had  from  yellow  fever,  small  pox, 
and  the  storm  in  lower  Texas,  and  the  unexpected  inability 
of  the  Mexicans  Commission  to  do  half  the  work,  I  have  asked 
for  another  appropriation. 

"  You  recollect  I  stated  officially  I  considered  the  present 
appropriation  sufficient,  but  I  am  willing  to  risk  my  own  repu- 
tation for  judgment  and  consistency  in  preference  to  seeing 
the  Government  embarrassed  as  it  would  be  if  we  failed  to 
complete  the  work  with  the  present  appropriation. 

"  To  complete  an  unfinished  portion  of  the  work  however 
small,  at  this  distance  from  navigable  water  (700  miles)  would 
cost  almost  as  much  as  the  original  sum.  It  is  the  outfit  and  the 
number  of  men  required  with  my  party  to  guard  against  Indian 
attacks,  which  makes  the  expense  of  any  regular  survey  here 
so  great. 

"  1  am  embarrassed  to  know  how  to  treat  the  inability  of 
the  Mexican  commissioner  to  do  half  the  work.  He  cannot 
do  one  fifth.  He  is  an  amiable,  intelligent  gentleman  and  at 
present  lets  me  do  as  I  please,  of  course  I  please  to  do  exactly 
as  is  right,  and  neither  give  nor  take.  But  if  I  report  his 
inability  I  drive  him  at  once  upon  his  dignity  and  my  influence 
with  him  ceases,  and  he  might  by  the  power  given  him  and 
the  treaty  compel  me  to  wait  until  he  received  from  his  Govern- 
ment the  proper  means  to  carry  on  the  work.     The  survey  you 


COEKESPONDENCE  OF  JAMES  ALFKED  PEARCE.      171 

know  is  a  joint  survey.  Each  must  agree  to  what  the  other 
does. 

"  In  my  paucity  of  ideas,  resulting  I  hope  from  an  isolated 
position  (we  have  had  no  news  from  the  States  later  then  the 
20  November),  I  am  going  to  tell  you  a  secret  which  perhaps 
may  someday  be  a  reality.  I  do  not  know  that  I  shall  mention 
it  to  any  other  person  but  Colonel  Davis. 

"  I  have  said  nothing  of  it  even  to  the  trustiest  of  my  assist- 
ants. 

"  I  have  been  informed  that  the  chief  men  of  Chihuahua 
desire  to  be  annexed  to  the  United  States,  and  I  have  been 
invited  by  a  person  of  wealth  and  standing  to  visit  the  State, 
and  report  its  resources  and  the  condition  of  public  opinion  in 
regard  to  the  matter.  It  is  also  suggested  that  I  shall  construct 
some  public  business,  such  as  the  procurement  of  specie  or 
cattle  to  supply  the  Commission,  as  a  cover  for  the  visit.  I 
despise  underground  work  and  fillibustering  in  all  its  forms 
and  phases.  Yet  if  I  thought  I  could  serve  my  Government  I 
would  go,  or  if  indeed  it  was  their  wish,  I  would  go  without 
regard  to  my  own  opinion. 

"I  know  something  of  Chihuahua  already,  I  know  it  to  be 
the  richest  silver  region  on  the  continent,  perhaps  in  the  world, 
to  be  a  fine  grazing  country,  and  healthy  beyond  comparison 
with  any  other  region  as  is  shown  by  the  grace  and  beauty  of 
its  women  and  the  longevity  of  its  inhabitants. 

"  What  should  I  do  ?  but  perhaps  before  your  letter  reaches 
me  I  shall  be  on  my  way  home,  where  if  it  pleases  God  to  let  me 
come  once  more,  I  will  not  leave  it  for  all  the  silver  in  Chi- 
huahua or  the  gold  of  California. 

"  If  Mr.  Badger  is  still  living  in  the  same  house  present 
my  regards  to  his  wife  and  himself  and  believe  me  very  truly 
yours, 

"  I  write  this  as  if  I  was  within  the  limits  of  Civilization, 
but  a  moment's  reflection  reminds  me  that  you  will  probably 
be  at  home  before  this  reaches  you." 

[ISToTE :  Badger  was  probably  George  Edmond  Badger,  Sena- 
tor from  ITorth  Carolina.] 


172  MARYLAND   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

From  Fort  Eiley,  February  6,  1858,  Wm.  H.  Emory  wrote: 

"  You  ask  me  if  I  know  Mrs.  Coolidge  ?  In  the  language  of 
the  Semi  Barbarian  of  the  frontier  I  reply  '  I  don't  know,  no 
body  else.'  Except  her  husband  she  was  the  only  person  here 
when  I  came  to  take  the  command  of  this  post,  and  while  I 
was  getting  my  own  quarters  fixed  up,  accepted  the  kind  hos- 
pitality of  herself  and  husband.  To-day  she  does  me  the  honor 
to  dine  with  me;  a  wild  Turkey  being  the  subject  of  dis- 
cussion. A  more  excellent  Lady  I  have  never  known  and  her 
husband  is  one  of  the  most  accomplished  and  intelligent  men 
of  his  profession. 

"  I  am  kept  very  busy  here  in  command  of  my  regiment  and 
of  the  Post.  The  officers  do  me  the  honor  of  saying  that  no 
officer  has  yet  done  so  much  to  bring  up  the  Cavalry  as  I  have 
done.  I  have  inaugurated  amongst  other  things  a  riding  house, 
at  the  risk  of  having  to  pay  for  it  myself,  and  the  instruction 
is  given  there  five  hours  every  day,  only  one  day  this  winter 
being  missed.  I  can  myself  see  the  improvement  in  men  and 
horses.  But  my  glory  will  be  of  short  duration.  In  a  month 
or  so  both  my  colonel  and  Lt.  Colonel  will  return  and  then  I 
shall  be  for  the  first  time  in  my  life,  a  fifth  wheel  to  a  coach, 
a  nonentity,  a  perfectly  useless  appendage  to  a  marching  Regt. 
The  regulations  give  a  Major  no  duty  to  perform  except  to 
take  inventories  of  the  effects  of  the  dead,  and  Sumner  the 
Colonel,  who  is  not  without  merit,  has  the  singular  fancy  of 
doing  everything  himself,  and  above  all  things  whatever  may 
be  his  merits  as  a  commander  of  foot,  can  never  be  made  to 
understand  horses.  I  had  some  hope  in  these  new  regiments 
of  getting  out  of  a  position  so  truly  humiliating  to  a  man  of 
any  energy,  but  the  mail  of  yesterday  brought  GenI  Davis's 
Bill,  by  which  we  infer  the  intention  is  to  increase  the  army 
by  enlarging  Companies  and  Regmts.  I  presume  Genl.  Davis 
has  discovered  that  if  the  Regmts  were  formed  they  would  be 
the  vehicles  to  place  in  the  Army  broken  down  Civilians,  or 
what  is  more  likely,  he  has  discovered  that  no  increase  in  the 


CORRESPONDENCE  OF  JAMES  ALFRED  PEARCE.      173 

number  of  Regmts  can  pass  Congress,  and  that  we  are  in  dan- 
ger of  having  volunteers  forced  on  the  Government.  At  any 
rate  we  of  the  Cavalry  have  sufficient  faith  in  his  judgment  and 
purpose  to  believe  that  what  he  does  will  be  the  best  for  the 
Army  and  for  the  Country. 

"  I  have  been  dreadfully  mortified  about  the  publication  of 
my  report.  I  left  everything  as  I  thought  straight  but  instead 
of  carrying  out  my  views  they  acted  exactly  the  contrary.  For 
example,  I  retained  the  plates  of  the  2d.  Volume  for  the  ex- 
press purpose  of  enabling  Congress  to  reconsider  the  matter 
and  reduce  the  number  ordered  from  18,000  to  one  or  two 
hundred  for  each  House  which  I  think  amply  sufficient  the 
work  being  of  no  interest  to  the  general  reader.  The  Secretary 
was  apprised  of  the  plan  in  a  written  communication  of  Oct 
12  which  met  as  I  thought  his  entire  approval. 

"  You  may  guess  my  surprise,  when  I  find  Genl  Davis  and 
yourself  appealed  to  as  my  friends  to  enforce  the  original  order 
for  the  printing  of  so  great  a  number  of  copies.  A  man 
named  Jekyl  was  left  by  me  to  superintend  the  engraving  of 
the  gen'l  Map  which  he  has  shamefully  neglected,  and  occupied 
himself  as  the  advocate  of  the  Engraver  Mr.  Siebert  to  get 
possession  of  the  plates  of  the  2d  Vol.  and  by  commencing  the 
printing  to  foreclose  the  action  of  Congress.  The  villain  had 
the  impudence  to  appeal  to  my  wife  to  write  to  the  Secretary 
of  the  Interior  to  request  the  plates  might  be  surrendered,  and 
strange  to  say  the  Secty  and  particularly  Mr.  Campbell  the 
Supt  of  Wagon  Roads  overlooked  my  letter  and  forgot  the 
frequent  conversations  I  had  on  the  subject  and  have  listened 
to  this  fellow  as  if  he  represented  my  wishes  and  the  interest  of 
the  work.  I  have  requested  his  immediate  dismissal.  From 
the  accts,  which  I  receive  from  a  private  source,  which  I  cannot 
use,  I  am  led  to  believe  that  Mr.  Campbell  who  I  thought  would 
act  in  good  faith,  is  bitterly  inimical  to  me,  my  work  and  all 
concerned.  Be  that  as  it  may,  my  views  and  instructions 
have  been  so  utterly  disregarded  I  have  been  compelled  to 
decline  all  further  responsibility  in  the  matter.     Mr.  Camp- 


.■174  MARYLAND   HISTORICAL,   MAGAZINE. 

bell  has  tlie  whole  power  in  his  hand,  and  at  this  distance  with 
my  engagements  here,  I  concluded  to  make  no  controversy  for 
the  present,  but  to  quit  all  connection  with  the  business. 

"  I  will  take  this  as  a  special  favor  if  you  will  see  that  tbe 
printing  Committee  of  the  Senate  are  properly  informed  as  to 
my  view  of  the  2d.  Vol.,  and  the  pains  I  took  by  withholding 
the  plates  to  enable  them  to  reduce  the  number  ordered,  or  in 
part,  to  abandon  it  altogether.  On  the  other  hand  I  hope  you 
will  do  what  you  can  to  have  the  geological  map  printed  with 
the  first  volume  as  originally  designed  and  advised  by  Con- 
gress, and  also  see  tliat  the  general  map  is  completed  accord- 
ing to  directions  given  which  directions  my  wife  no  doubt  has 
a  copy  of.  They  were  embodied  in  a  letter  to  the  Secty.  of 
the  Interior,  and  to  Mr.  J.  H.  Clark  who  I  requested  might 
be  placed  in  charge. 

"  Every  body  opposed  my  leaving  my  work  at  the  time  I  did 
to  join  my  Regiment,  but  with  a  war  impending  and  the  con- 
dition of  the  Country  here  I  thought  my  honor  as  a  soldier 
required  me  to  take  the  step.  The  military  events  have  fully 
sustained  my  judgment.  We  are  now  under  orders  for  Utah 
and  it  is  far  better  I  should  have  joined  voluntarily,  than  to 
have  waited  for  the  spur.  Besides  I  have  had  an  opportunity 
to  show,  that  I  know  how  to  command  a  Regmt  of  Cavalry,  and 
if  I  have  to  lead  a  charge,  I  know  the  men  who  will  ride  with 
me  boot  to  boot. 

"  I  forbear  to  say  anything  about  this  wretched  Country.  It 
is  in  the  hands  of  the  abolition  banditti.  The  few  proslavery 
leaders,  who  have  bravely  remained  at  their  posts, (and  amongst 
them  is  my  brother  Frederick)  are  in  a  position  truly  un- 
comfortable. The  moment  the  laws  are  placed  in  the  hands 
of  these  abolutionists,  the  proslavery  men  will  be  persecuted 
to  death.  They  have  already  lists  made  out  of  people  to  be 
executed  and  if  need  be  assassinated.  A  friendly  abolitionist 
at  Manhattan  notified  Frederick  that  he  was  on  the  list  to  be 
killed  and  begged  him  not  to  go  to  Leavenworth.  He  has 
administered  his  office  here  so  well  and  with  such  fairness. 


COEEESPONDENCE    OF    JAMES    AI.FEED    PEAECE.  175 

that  in  this  district  the  free  state  men  themselves  will  protect 
him.  Fred,  is  constitutionally  brave  and  treats  their  threats 
with  contempt  but  you  would  be  surprised  to  know  the  number 
who  have  ratted  under  their  threats  and  left  the  territory. 

"  You  will  be  horrified  at  the  sight  of  a  second  sheet  but 
the  truth  is  when  I  commence  to  talk  or  write  to  one  I  esteem 
and  like,  I  never  know  when  to  stop,  and  there  is  one  subject 
which  the  Army,  the  Country  generally,  but  especially  Mr. 
Buchanan's  administration,  are  so  much  interested  in  that  T 
must  beg  you  to  hear  me.  It  is  the  subject  of  the  command 
of  the  Army  in  Utah.  Why  should  the  present  commander  be 
changed  ?  The  only  reason  I  can  see  is  that  he  is  a  graduate 
of  the  Military  Academy,  which  fact  may  give  offense  to  the 
villian  Benton  and  some  of  his  black  republican  coadjutors. 
That  he  is  junior  in  rank  to  some  of  the  Colonels  whose  regi- 
ments are  ordered  is  nothing,  these  Colonels  can  be  left  at  home 
to  the  satisfaction  of  themselves  and  the  interests  of  the  Gov- 
ernment. Now  let  me  give  you  some  reasons  why  he  should 
be  left  and  try  to  enlist  you  in  making  an  effort  to  retain  him. 

"1)  He  is  in  command  already  and  has  done  well  up  to 
this  time. 

"2)  Even  if  there  is  no  fighting,  the  campaign  is  the  most 
difficult  and  trying  to  the  physique  of  any  projected  in  modern 
times,  and  it  is  physically  impossible  for  an  older  man  than 
the  present  commander  to  keep  in  his  saddle.  He  will  take 
refuge  in  the  ambulances  see  and  hear  nothing  but  what  is 
told  him  by  an  inexperienced  staff,  and  his  mind  will  be  wholly 
engrossed  with  his  own  personal  necessities. 

"3)  The  present  commander  has  had  the  experience  of 
crossing  the  desert  which  no  general  above  him  has  had.  That 
experience  has  cost  the  Government  3000  animals  at  the  lowest 
estimate  half  a  million  dollars.  Whatever  may  be  said  to  the 
contrary,  the  experience  of  a  new  commander  who  has  never 
crossed  the  plains  will  cost  as  much  or  more. 

"4)  The  present  commander  has  everything  to  gain,  and 
much  to  loose.  The  older  generals  have  nothing  to  gain  and 
everything  to  loose. 


176  MARYLAND   HISTOKICAL   MAGAZINE. 

"5)  The  present  commander  has  the  entire  confidence  of 
the  Army. 

"  If  these  considerations  strike  you  as  reasonable  you  will 
do  much  service  to  the  Army  by  urging  them  in  proper  quarters. 
I  have  no  personal  interest  in  the  matter  and  but  the  slightest 
personal  acquaintance  with  Col.  Johnston,  while  with  some  of 
the  old  Generals,  who  are  claiming  the  command  I  have  inti- 
mate personal  acquaintance  and  entertain  for  them  the  highest 
regard  personal  and  professional. 

"  Whilst  on  this  subject,  I  must  say  that  it  has  struck  me 
with  astonishment  that  the  government  should  not  have  re- 
inforced Col.  Johnston  by  the  way  of  Texas,  Taos,  etc.  Troops 
can  march  on  that  route  in  the  winter,  and  on  reaching  New 
Mexico,  they  could  follow  the  line  of  settlements  and  procure 
forage  for  the  animals,  halting  at  Taos  the  last  settlement 
within  a  few  hundred  miles  of  Ft  Scott  (Bridger)  until  the 
grass  grows.  They  could  thus  reach  the  Utah  Army  by  the 
middle  of  May.  Every  man  of  experience  knows  that  the 
Army  from  here  cannot  commence  its  march  until  the  1st. 
or  middle  of  May,  Troops  from  here  can  move  towards  Texas 
in  the  Winter  by  following  the  line  of  settlements  along  the 
valley  of  the  Neosho  or  indeed  by  taking  the  old  Fort  Scott 
Road.  Please  let  me  hear  from  you  and  believe  me,  Yours 
very  truly." 

On  April  23,  1858,  from  Fort  Riley,  Kansas  Territory,  W. 
H.  Emory  wrote  again: 

"  Mathilda  writes  me  that  you  have  placed  me  under  another 
obligation  to  be  added  to  the  many  I  owe  you,  by  defending 
me  against  the  attack  of  Mr.  Brown  on  the  publication  of 
my  report.  She  seems  to  think  I  will  see  it  all  in  the  papers, 
in  which  she  is  greatly  mistaken  for  nothing  of  that  kind 
reaches  me  by  mail  until  it  is  old  and  forgotten.  I  can  well 
imagine  however  what  it  was,  and  to  fortify  you  and  show 
you  how  innocent  I  am  of  the  outrage  of  ordering  so  great  a 
number  of  my  reports  particularly  the  second  volume  I  send 


COERESPONDENCE  OF  JAMES  ALFRED  PEARCE.      1Y7 

you  herewith  an  extract  of  an  official  letter  to  the  Secretary 
of  the  Interior,  which  you  are  at  liberty  to  use  as  you  please 
and  which  I  apprehend  has  never  been  communicated  or  acted 
upon  by  the  Secty. 

"  In  regard  to  the  House  order  I  was  never  consulted  or 
asked  an  opinion.  I  was  before  the  Senate  committee  and  I 
have  no  doubt  the  gentlemen  of  that  committee  then  present, 
Mr.  Fitzpatrick,  Mr.  Johnson  and  Mr.  Fessenden  will  do  me 
the  justice  to  recollect  that  I  contended  for  a  much  smaller 
number  then  the  committee  finally  ordered.  In  addition  I 
wrote  to  both  Gov.  Fitzpatrick  of  the  Senate  and  Mr.  Phelps 
of  the  House  asking  to  have  the  number  of  copies  of  the  2d. 
Vol.  reduced  to  100. 

"  There  was  ample  time  to  have  done  it,  and  in  regard  to 
the  printing  ordered  by  the  House  I  am  as  little  responsible 
for  the  order  passed  for  the  printing  of  the  Madison  papers  or 
the  Japan  expedition. 

"  But  to  the  extract — 

(Extract)  Washington,  Oct.  7,  1858. 

Hon.  J.  Thompson, 

Sect  of  the  Interior. 

*  It  will  be  seen  that  the  second  volume  (Mex.  Bd.  Kept.)  in 
illustrations  alone  is  an  immense  one  but  no  part  of  it,  except 
the  sixty  pages  of  Cactaceae,  is  yet  printed.  The  work,  how- 
ever valuable  to  naturalists  and  men  of  science  is  of  no  popular 
interest,  and  should  be  printed  only  for  the  use  of  societies  and 
Savans.  To  supply  these  wants  1000  copies  would  be  sufficient ; 
I  therefore  respectfully  suggest  that  the  subject  be  brought 
to  the  attention  of  Congress,  and  a  modification  of  the  present 
order  be  requested,  by  which  the  number  of  copies  to  be  printed 
may  be  reduced.' 

(Signed)     W.  H.  Emory, 

Major  1st  Cavalry,  U.  S. 


178  MARYLAND   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

"  Truly  I  have  worked  to  little  profit,  accomplislied  a  diffi- 
cult work,  which  others  had  signally  failed  in,  and  within  the 
time  and  greatly  within  the  means  appropriated  by  Congress. 
Then  to  have  my  Brevet  withheld  from  me,  my  per  diem  cut 
down  from  $8  to  $3,  and  at  last  to  be  abused  in  Congress  for 
extravagance  and  folly.  For  extravagance  which  Congress 
itself  has  been  guilty  of,  in  the  desire  to  fill  the  pockets  of  a 
damned  public  printer  for  whom  I  do  not  care  the  snap  of 
a  finger. 

"  Truly  if  there  were  not  some  bright  and  noble  exceptions 
like  yourself  in  our  public  men,  this  rotten  system  of  ours  would 
drive  every  honest  public  servant  into  the  ranks,  or  into  foreign 
service. 

Truly  your  obliged  friend 

W.  H.  Emory. 

"  We  have  yet  no  definite  order  for  Utah,  and  there  is  yet 
no  officer  out  here  to  take  the  general  direction  of  the  outfit  and 
order  of  march  of  the  reinforcements  to  Utah.  All  is  confusion, 
irresolution,  and  imbecility.  The  outfit  and  organization  of 
these  reinforcements  is  only  second  in  its  consequences  to  the 
actual  delivery  of  the  combat  on  the  field,  should  these  mor- 
mons fight." 

[Note:  Fitzpatrick  was  Benjamin  Fitzpatrick,  Senator 
from  Alabama.  Fessenden  was  William  P.  Fessenden  from 
Maine.  Phelps  may  have  been  William  W.  Phelps  from  Min- 
nesota. Col.  Johnston  was  Albert  Sidney  Johnston.  Col.  Sum- 
ner was  Edwin  Vose  Sumner,  a  distinguished  general  in  the 
Union  Army.  William  H.  Emory  was  bom  in  Queen  Anne's 
County  in  1811,  graduated  from  West  Point  in  1831,  served 
with  distinction  in  the  Union  Army  during  the  Civil  War  and 
attained  the  rank  of  Major  General  of  Volunteers.] 


SOME  EARLY  COLONIAL  MARYLANDEES.         179 

SOME  EARLY  COLONIAL  MARYLANDEES 

McHenry  Howard 
(Continued  from  Vol.  XVI,  p.  28.) 

9.     Captain  Thomas  Tasker. 

Thomas  Tasker  appears  to  have  risen — and  not  slowly — from 
a  low  estate  to  prosperity  and  influence  in  Maryland.^ 

On  page  538  of  Liber  No.  17  of  the  Land  Office,  Annapolis, 
Record  Books  there  is  an  entry  that  on  30  October  1673  Thomas 
Tasker  of  Calvert  County  proved  right  to  flfty  acres  of  land 
due  to  him  for  his  term  of  service  performed,  and  following  this 
is  a  claim  of  four  other  persons,  dated  14  September  1673,  for 
land  for  service  performed  and  an  assignment  of  their  rights  to 
him.  Whereupon  a  warrant  issued  to  Thomas  Tasker  for  250 
acres,  of  which  50  were  for  his  own  time  of  service  and  200 
for  the  assigned  rights.  This  indication  that  he  had  not  paid 
the  expense  of  his  own  passage  to  Maryland  and  had  bound 
himself  to  a  term  of  service  to  reimburse  it  does  not  necessarily 
imply  that  he  was  not  of  as  good  a  family  socially  in  England 
as  others  who  paid  their  way  to  the  Colony.  The  first  Daniel 
Dulany,  who  rose  to  be  one  of  the  most  prominent  men  in 
Maryland,  being  surpassed  as  a  lawyer  only  by  his  more  dis- 
tinguished son,  although  of  a  good  family  in  Ireland,  is  said  to 
have  narrowly  escaped  the  necessity  of  indenturing  himself  to 
service  on  his  arrival — if  he  did  not  actually  do  so.  {Maryland 
Historical  Magazine,  Vol.  13,  p.  20.) 

Berry's  Encyclopaedia  Heraldica,  Vol.  2,  gives  Tasker  arms : 
Per  pale  argent  and  gules,  three  saltiers  counterchanged ;  Pap- 
worth's  British  Armorials,  Vol.  1,  page  155,  gives  for  "Adams 
alias  Tasker,"  of  London,  ermine,  three  cats  passant  gardant  in 
pale  azure.    And  these  last  arms  are  on  the  tomb  of  Col.  Ben- 

^  The  Index  of  Early  Settlers,  1663  to  1680,  compiled  in  the  Land  Office, 
Annapolis,  mentions  a  John  Tasker,  transported  1674,  but  no  connection 
appears  between  them. 


180  MARYLAND    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

jamin  Tasker,  son  of  Thomas  Tasker,  in  St.  Anne's  Church 
Circle,  Annapolis. 

Thomas  Tasker  established  himself  as  a  merchant  in  Calvert 
County  and  his  increasing  prosperity  within  the  next  ten  years 
is  evidenced  by  his  being  appointed  in  an  Act  of  Assembly  for 
Advancement  of  Trade,  passed  in  1683,  one  of  the  Commis- 
sioners to  lay  out  Ports,  Towns  and  other  public  places  in 
Calvert  County.^ 

On  30  May  1685  he  was  commissioned  a  Justice  of  the 
Peace  for  the  County.^  And  doubtless  he  was  a  Justice  through 
many  years  afterwards.^ 

Upon  the  dethronement  of  the  Catholic  King  James  the  Sec- 
ond in  1688  there  was  much  unrest  in  the  Province,  with  wild 
rumors  of  a  plot  of  the  Catholics,  aided  by  the  Indians,  which, 
on  an  unfortunate  delay  of  the  Maryland  authorities  in  pro- 
claiming the  accession  of  the  Protestant  Sovereigns  William 
and  Mary,  culminated  in  an  overturning  of  Lord  Baltimore's 
government  by  what  is  known  in  Maryland  history  as  the  Prot- 
estant Revolution.  The  leader  was  William  Coode,  a  man  of 
bad  character,  but  the  movement  drew  with  it  a  large  part  of 
the  Protestant  population.  In  April,  1689,  Coode  and  his 
adherents  formed  "An  Association  in  Arms  for  the  defense  of 
the  Protestant  Religion  and  for  asserting  the  rights  of  King 
William  and  Queen  Mary  in  the  Province  of  Maryland  and 
all  the  English  dominions,"  which  took  violent  possession  of 
the  Province  and  called  a  Convention  of  delegates  of  the  people 
to  meet  on  23  August  1689.  This  Convention  ruled  the  Prov- 
ince for  a  time,  but  petitioned  the  Protestant  Sovereigns,  Wil- 
liam and  Mary,  to  take  the  government  into  their  own  hands.* 
This  they  did,  arbitrarily  dispossessing  Lord  Baltimore  of  his 
political  rights  and  only  leaving  to  him  his  territorial  posses- 
sions and  personal  revenues.     A  Royal  Governor,  Lionel  Coj)- 

'  Archives,  Proceedings  of  the  Assembly  1678-1683,  p.  609. 
'Archives,  Proceedings  of  the  Council  1681-1685/6,  p.  379. 
^Archives,  Proceedings  of  the  Council   1693-1606/7,  pp.   76,   108,   and 
1696/7-1698,  p.   79. 
'Archives,  Proceedings  of  the  Assembly  1684-1692,  p.  231. 


SOME  EAKLY  COLONIAL  MAKYLANDEKS.         181 

ley,  was  appointed,  who  arrived  in  Maryland  in  1692,  and  the 
Province  was  under  Royal  Governors  or  Presidents  of  the  Coun- 
cil until  1715,  when,  Benedict  Leonard,  fourth  Lord  Baltimore, 
having  become  a  Protestant,  with  his  children,  Maryland  was 
fully  restored  to  the  Calverts. 

What  part  Thomas  Tasker  took  in  this  Revolution  is  not 
fully  known,  the  journals  of  the  Associators'  Convention  not 
being  extant.  But  on  27  March  1689  he  signed  a  paper,  with 
other  Protestants,  utterly  discrediting  the  wild  rumors  of  Cath- 
olic and  Indian  plots.^  And  on  20  August  1689  he,  with  a 
large  number  of  inhabitants  of  Calvert  County,  signed  another 
paper  refusing  to  vote  for  Burgesses'^  or  Delegates  to  the 
Assembly  or  Convention  about  to  be  called  by  the  Associators, 
because  there  was  no  authority  or  good  reason  for  it  and  being 
confident  that  in  a  short  time  some  one  would  come  from  Eng- 
land with  full  and  lawful  authority  and  commission  to  govern 
the  Province,  who  would  call  an  Assembly.^  And  later  in  the 
same  year  he,  as  Justice  of  the  Peace,  with  others  of  Calvert 
County,  signed  an  Address  to  the  King  and  Queen,  praying 
them  to  "order  such  a  Settlement  amongst  us  by  a  Protestant 
Government  whereby  our  Religion  and  Properties  may  be  se- 
cured."® But  on  4  September  of  the  same  year  he  had  received 
and  apparently  accepted  from  the  Associators'  Convention  an 
appointment  as  Captain  of  a  foot  Company  in  the  room  of 
Richard  Smith,  Junior. ^^  And  he  is  frequently  called  by  this 
military  title  afterwards.  These  papers  are  preserved,  in  the 
destruction  of  records  of  that  period,  by  having  been  sent  to 
England. 

On  his  arrival  in  Maryland,  Governor  Copley  summoned  an 
Assembly  to  meet  on  19  May  1692,  and  on  that  first  day  of  the 
Session  Mr.  Thomas  Tasker  appeared     as  a  Delegate  to  the 

•  Archives,  Proceedings  of  the  iCk)uncil  1687/8-1693,  p.  86. 
■"  Archives,  Members  of  the  Lower  House  were  sometimes  called  Burgesses, 
sometimes  Delegates. 
^Archives,  Proceedings  of  the  Council,  1687/8-1693,  p.  110. 
^Archives,  Proceedings  of  the  Council,  1687/8-1693,  p.  144. 
"  Archives,  Proceedings  of  the  Assembly  1684-1692,  p.  242. 


182  MAEYLAND    HISTOKICAL    MAGAZINE. 

Lower  House  and  took  "the  oaths  appointed  by  Act  of  Parlia- 
ment to  be  taken  instead  of  the.  Oaths  of  Allegiance  and  Su- 
premacy." ^^  This  modified  oath  was  substituted  by  the  Con- 
vention which  called  William  and  Mary  to  the  throne  in  defer- 
ence to  the  tender  consciences  of  the  Jacobites.  (Macaulay's 
History  of  England,  Vol.  2,  page  497).  And  the  Archives, 
Proceedings  of  the  Assembly  and  Proceedings  of  the  Council 
show  that  he  was  a  member  of  the  Lower  House  from  Calvert 
County  until  he  was  elevated  to  the  Council  in  1698. 

One  of  the  first  acts  of  the  Assembly  of  1692  was  to  pass,  on 
2  June,  "An  Act  for  the  Service  of  Almighty  God  and  the  Es- 
tablishment of  the  Protestant  Religion  within  this  Province," 
which  began  by  prohibiting  "any  abuse  or  profanation  of  the 
Lord's  Day  by  drunkenness.  Swearing,  Gaming,  fowling,  fish- 
ing, hunting  or  any  other  Sports,  Pastimes  or  Recreations 
whatsoever."  And  it  was  further  enacted  that  the  Commis- 
sioners or  Justices  of  each  County  should,  with  the  aid  of  the 
most  principall  Freeholders,  divide  the  County  into  Parishes, 
for  each  of  which  six  Vestrymen  should  be  chosen  by  the  free- 
holders and  by  them  a  Church  should  be  built  (where  none), 
and  that  for  the  support  of  the  Minister  and  Church  a  poll  tax 
should  be  levied  yearly  on  every  taxable  in  the  Parish.  ^^  A 
full  report  was  made  under  this  Act,  from  which  it  appears 
that  Mr.  Thomas  Tasker  was  one  of  the  Commissioners  (Just- 
ices ?)  by  whom,  with  the  principal  freeholders,  Calvert  County 
was  so  divided  on  7  February,  1692/3  into  four  Parishes.^^ 
Thus  was  the  Toleration  Act  of  1649  greatly  abridged  and  the 
Protestant  Church  of  England  made  Ihe  Established  Church 
in  Maryland  and  all  taxables,  including  Catholics  and  Dis- 
senters, were  taxed  for  its  support.  And  in  the  same  Session 
of  1692  Thomas  Tasker  signs  an  Address  of  the  Council  and 
Lower  House  to  the  Sovereigns  William  and  Mary,  thanking 
them  for  taking  over  the  Province  of  Maryland  from  Lord 

^'■Archives,  Proceedings  of  tlie  Assembly,  1684-1692,  p.  253. 
^Archives,  Proceedings  of  the  Assembly  1684-1692,  p.  425. 
"ArcMves,  Proceedings  of  the  Council  1687/8-1693,  p.  472. 


SOME  EARLY  COLONIAL  MABYLANDEKS.         183 

Baltimore  and  sending  a  Protestant  Governor,  and  in  the  same 
Session  another  Address,  specifically  denying  Lord  Baltimore's 
claim  to  certain  fees  and  emoluments. ^^  From  all  which  it 
appears  that  while  Thomas  Tasker  did  not  approve  of  the  first 
violent  acts  of  the  Associators  he  was  in  sympathy  with  the 
effect  of  the  Revolution,  and  in  fact  he  stood  in  favor  with 
the  Protestant  Government  until  his  death. 

In  an  Act  of  Assembly  to  enable  one  Burgess  of  each  County, 
as  a  body,  to  lay  the  public  levy  of  the  Province  for  1692,  Mr. 
Thomas  Tasker  was  named  as  the  Burgess  for  Calvert  County.  ^^ 

On  28  May  1692  the  Lower  House  had  requested  that  in  a 
proposed  revenue  bill  the  name  of  Captain  Tasker  should  be 
inserted  as  Treasurer  of  the  Western  Shore,^^  and  he  is  men- 
tioned as  Treasurer  in  an  Act  passed  in  1694,^"^  and  often 
afterwards.  Sometimes  he  is  called,  not  quite  accurately  per- 
haps. Treasurer  of  the  Province.  ^^ 

On  lY  October  1694  he  was  appointed  by  Governor  Francis 
Nicholson  and  the  Council  one  of  the  Justices  of  the  Provincial 
Court — ^the  highest  Court  in  the  Province.^®  And  it  may  have 
been  in  connection  with  this  appointment  that  on  6  October 
1694  he  had  signed  a  declaration  of  disbelief  in  transubstantia- 
tion.^*'  To  be  a  lawyer  was  not  a  necessary,  or  even  a  usual, 
qualification  of  a  Justice  or  Judge  in  early  Colonial  times.  The 
Archives  mention  him  as  Justice  in  1695-6-7-8.  In  the  Libers 
of  Maryland  Archives  in  custody  of  the  Maryland  Historical 
Society,  under  an  Act  of  the  Legislature,  in  ISTo.  66  "Liber  H. 
B.  !N"o.  3"  (original),  on  page  128,  is  a  commission  to  the  Just- 
ices of  the  Provincial  Court,  and  among  them  Thomas  Tasker, 
dated  13  October  1697,  whereupon  they  took  the  oaths,  but  why 
this  Commission,  issued  at  this  time,  is  not  apparent.    He  was 

'^*  Archives,  Proceedings  of  the  Council  1687/8-1693,  pp.  315,  360. 
'^Archives,  Proceedings  of  the  Assembly,  1684-1692,  p.  465. 
^'^  Archives,  Proceedings  of  the  Assembly  1684-1692,  p.  400. 
"Archives,  Acts  of  the  Assembly  1694-1729,  p.  11;  see  also  pp.  51,  52. 
^Archives,  Proceedings  of  the  Council  1693-1696/7,  pp.  274,  275,  288. 
^*  Archives,  Proceedings  of  the  Council  1693-1696/7,  p.  137. 
'^Archives,  Proceedings  of  the  Assembly  1693-1697,  p.  51. 


184  MARYLAND    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

sitting  in  Court  the  day  before  (page  127).  But  after  he  be- 
came a  Member  of  the  Council  in  'March  1698/9  he  does  not 
appear  in  the  Archives  sitting  in  the  Provincial  Court,  per- 
haps because  such  a  position,  high  as  it  was,  was  beneath  the 
exalted  dignity  of  a  Member  of  the  Council. 

On  a  report  (which  afterwards  was  confirmed)  in  1695  of 
the  death  of  Queen  Mary,  the  Assembly,  "for  the  Ease  and 
Satisfaction  of  persons  of  Tender  conscience  in  the  Church  of 
England  and  to  take  off  all  Reflections  which  may  be  made  by 
our  Dissenters  and  to  obviate  all  pretences  of  the  Romanists, 
as  if  we  seem'd  to  pray  for  the  dead,"  ordered  that  her  name 
be  omitted  in  all  public  prayers  and  services  of  the  Church.^^ 

While  a  Member  of  the  Lower  House  of  Assembly,  a  Justice 
of  the  Provincial  Court  and  Treasurer  of  the  Western  Shore — 
perhaps  of  the  whole  Province — Thomas  Tasker  was  sent  in 
1695  by  Governor  l^icholson  and  the  Assembly  on  an  important 
mission  to  the  Province  of  !New  York.  Before  her  death  in 
December,  1694,  Queen  Mary  (King  William  being  absent  in 
the  war  on  the  continent),  in  response  to  an  appeal  from  Gov- 
ernor Benjamin  Fletcher  of  that  Province  for  aid  in  defending 
the  frontier  against  French  and  Indian  attacks,  had  written 
requiring  the  Colonies  north  of  Carolina  to  send  thither  quotas 
of  men.  This  was  strongly  opposed  in  Maryland  and  Tasker 
was  sent  to  New  York  with  a  sum  of  money,  the  Assembly  de- 
claring its  inability  to  furnish  men.  His  satisfactory  discharge 
of  his  duties  and  the  correspondence  in  this  matter  appears  in 
the  Archives.^^  And  "the  Country  being  already  utterly  desti- 
tute of  money  to  pay  the  Soldiers  now  in  Arms  for  the  Defence 
of  this  Province,"  the  Assembly  in  May,  1695,  accepted  an 
offer  from  Thomas  Tasker  to  loan  the  Government  200  pounds 
sterling,  a  considerable  sum  at  that  time.^^    On  the  other  hand, 

'^Archives,  Proceedings  of  the  Assembly  1693-1697,  p.  144. 

'^Archives,  Proceedings  of  the  Assembly  1693-1697,  pp.  143,  220,  222, 
243,  and  Proceedings  of  the  Coimcil  1693-1696/7,  pp.  273,  274,  275,  287, 
288,  331,  335  and  372. 

'"Archives,  Proceedings  of  the  Assembly  1693-1697,  pp.  142,  181,  186. 


SOME  EARLY  COLONIAL  MAKYLANDEES.         185 

confidence  in  his  integrity  and  financial  standing  is  shown  by 
the  Assembly's  lodging  in  his  hands  in  May,  1695,  a  special 
revenue,^^  and  later  in  1700,  with  four  others,  the  money  raised 
for  building  the  Church  in  Annapolis.^^ 

A  question  having  been  raised  and  sometimes  discussed 
whether  wild  horses  and  cattle,  which  had  become  numerous  in 
the  Province,  were  the  property  of  Lord  Baltimore  or  of  the 
King,  and  on  16  May  1695  an  opinion  of  Sir  Thomas  Law- 
rence, their  Majesties'  Solicitor  General  (in  England)  being 
read,  concluding  that  they  were  ferae  7iaturae  and  in  existence 
before  his  Lordship's  Charter,  "this  house  do  say  [with  evident 
sarcasm]  that  Mr.  Sollicitor  was  not  well  informed  in  relation 
thereto,  for  that  there  were  no  horses,  beeves  or  hoggs  in  this 
Country  before  seated  by  the  present  Inhabitants  thereof,  and 

that  they  do  conceive  they  are  in  the  nature  of  Waifes  and 
Strayes."26 

In  1695  Thomas  Tasker,  as  Burgess  for  Calvert  County,  was 
again  appointed  one  of  a  Committee  of  Burgesses  to  lay  the 
next  public  levy;^'^  also  in  1697  on  a  similar  Committee  to 
apportion  the  levy.^^  Some  other  minor  appointments  and  ser- 
vices are  referred  to  in  the  note  below. ^^ 

In  1695  he  signed  two  other  loyal  Addresses  to  King  Wil- 
liam, the  one  on  his  safe  return  from  the  war  on  the  Conti- 
nent,^^ and  the  other  on  his  narrow  escape  from  an  assassination 
plot  immediately  following.^ ^  And  in  1698  he  signs  a  com- 
plimentary Address  to  Governor  Francis  ^Nicholson  on  his 
transfer  to  the  government  of  Virginia.^^ 

'^  Archives,  Proceedings  of  the  Assembly  1693-1697,  pp.  162,  190. 

'^Archives,  Proceedings  of  the  Assembly  1700-1704,  pp.  26,  70. 

'^  Archives,  Proceedings  of  the  Assembly  1693-1697,  p.  184. 

"^Archives,  Acts  of  the  Assembly,  1694-1729,  p.  53. 

'^Archives,  Acts  of  the  Assembly,  1694-1729,  p.  109. 

"'Archives,  Proceedings  of  the  Assembly  1693-1697,  pp.  124,  134,  and 
Proceedings  of  the  Council  1693-1696/7,  pp.  311,  590. 

^Archives,  Proceedings  of  the  Assembly  1693-1697,  p.  375. 

^  Archives,  Proceedings  of  the  Council  1693-1696/7,  p.  539. 

^Archives,  Proceedings  of  the  Assembly,  1697/8-1699,  pp.  201,  276. 
Francis    Nicholson,   knighted    in    1720,   besides   being   a    soldier   of    some 

6 


186  MARYLAND    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

While  Member  of  the  Lower  House  and  Justice  of  the  Pro- 
vincial Court  lie  was  frequently  called  to  attend  meetings  of 
the  Council  when  there  was  a  small  attendance  of  Members  of 
that  body.^^  The  Governor  strongly  urged  pay  for  these  ser- 
vices, but  the  Lower  House  refused  to  allow  it.^^ 

On  4  April  1698  the  Council  recommends  to  the  Crown  the 
appointment  of  Captain  Thomas  Tasker,  of  Calvert  County,  to 
be  a  member  of  the  Council.^^  And  it  was  probably  about  this 
time  that  Sir  Thomas  Lawrence,  Baronet,  Secretary  of  the 
Province,^^  in  a  letter  quoted  by  Mr.  Henry  E.  Thompson  in 
Volume  2,  page  170,  of  the  Maryland  Historical  Magazine,  but 
of  which  he  does  not  give  the  date,  in  stating  his  estimate  of 
the  qualifications  of  men  suggested  as  new  Members  of  the 

achievement,  had  a  remarkable  career  as  a  Governor  of  so  many  Colonies 
at  different  times — New  York,  Virginia,  Maryland,  Virginia  again,  Acadia, 
South  Carolina.  He  died  in  London  5  March  1728.  (New  British  Dic- 
tionary of  National  Biography. )  In  Maryland  and  Virginia,  and  probably 
the  other  Colonies,  he  was  much  interested  in  and  promoted  education, 
often  contributing  liberally  from  his  own  purse.  He  may  be  regarded  as 
the  founder  of  the  Free  School,  afterwards  St.  John's  College,  Annapolis. 
Curiously,  the  arms  of  Francis  Nicholson — a  cross  between  four  stars — 
are  preserved  on  a  red  wax  seal  on  page  145  of  Liber  H.  D.  No.  2,  Council 
Records  1694-1698,  of  the  original  Maryland  Archives  in  the  custody  of 
the  Maryland  Historical  Society. 

''Archives,  Proceedings  of  the  (Council  1696/-16&8,  pp.  92,  434,  435,  510, 
518,  519,  528;  and  1698-1731,  pp.  4,  25,  29. 

^Archives,  Proceedings  of  the  Assembly  1697/8-1699,  pp.  175,  192,  263. 

"^Archives,  Proceedings  of  the  Council  1696/7-1698,  p.  406. 

*•  Sir  Thomas  Lawrence,  Knight  and  Baronet,  was  by  William  and  Mary 
commissioned  a  Member  of  the  Council  26  August  1691  (Proceedings  of 
the  Council  1687/8-1693,  page  271),  and  Secretary  of  Maryland  5  Sep- 
tember 1691  (page  408).  He  was  suspended  from  his  oflSces  of  Councillor 
and  Justice  of  the  Provincial  Court  by  Governor  Copley  on  27  March  1693 
for  misfeasance  in  office  (page  482  et  seq.) .  But  the  Committee  of  Trade 
and  Plantations  in  London  on  15  September  1693  set  aside  the  action  of 
the  Governor  as  premature  and  illegal  and  ordered  that  Lawrence  be 
restored  to  his  places,  page  564.  Se  also  Maryland  Historical  Magazine, 
Vol.  7,  p.  326.  In  1698  he  returned  to  England,  but  seems  to  have  retained 
his  office  of  Secretary,  his  duties  in  Maryland  being  performed  by  a 
Deputy  Secretary.  He  died  about  1714  and  the  Baronetcy  became  extinct. 
(Burlce's  Dormant  and  Extinct  Baronetage.) 


SOME  EAKLY  COLONIAL  MARYLANDEES,  187 

Council,  says:  "Thomas  Tasker  is  a  Planter  and  Merchant^''^ 
of  good  substance  and  esteem ;  lie  lives  twenty  miles  from  An- 
napolis on  this  side  of  Patuxent  River." 

Exactly  when  he  was  commissioned — it  took  much  time  to 
obtain  a  favorable  action  from  England  in  those  days — does  not 
appear,  but  on  18  March  1698/9,  at  a  meeting  of  the  Council, 
"Mr.  Frisby  and  Mr.  Tasker  take  the  oaths  appointed  by  Act 
of  Parliament  instead  of  the  oaths  of  Allegiance  and  Suprem- 
acy, as  also  the  oath  of  Counsellors,  and  signed  the  Test  and 
Association."^^  And  the  Proceedings  of  the  Council  and  of  the 
Assembly  show  him  as  regularly  present  at  Council  meetings 
thereafter.  But  his  tenure  of  the  office  was  brief,  for  while  he 
was  present  on  18  July  1700,  on  13  December  of  the  same  year 
Governor  !N"athaniel  Blakiston  tells  the  Council  that  Thomas 
Tasker  and  two  other  members  were  "lately  dead."^^  He  proba- 
bly died  in  August. 

It  should  not  be  omitted  to  refer  to  Thomas  Tasker's  interest 
in  education  in  Maryland,  which  was  so  warmly  and  generously 
promoted  by  Governor  Nicholson.  In  October,  1694,  he  (Task- 
er), with  other  Burgesses,  contributed  for  the  building  of  a 
free  school  in  the  Province  and  in  an  Act  passed  in  the  Session 
of  July,  1696,  he  was  appointed  one  of  the  first  Trustees  of 
the  school  to  be  founded  at  Annapolis,  called  King  William's 
School  (afterwards  St.  John's  College),  with  power,  if  there 
should  be  sufficient  revenues,  to  found  another  free  school  on 
the  Eastern  Shore,  and  after  that,  if  practicable,  to  establish 
free  schools  in  every  County.^® 

2' In  the  Archives,  Proceedings  of  the  Council  1696/7-1698,  page  393, 
there  is  mention  on  14  ]March  1697/8  of  "Captain  Tasker's  Vessel."  It  was 
probably  a  vessel  owned  by  him  and  used  in  his  mercantile  business  with 
England. 

^Archives,  Proceedings  of  the  Council  1698-1731,  p.  55.  The  form  of 
the  oath  instead  of  the  oath  of  allegiance  and  supremacy  will  be  found  on 
page  69  of  Proceedings  of  the  Council  1687/8-1693.  The  Test  was  a  decla- 
ration of  disbelief  in  transubstantiation.  What  "Association"  meant  I 
do  not  know. 

^"Archives,  Proceedings  of  the  Council   1698-1731,  pp.   101,   112. 

*•  Archives,  Proceedings  and  Acts  of  the  Assembly  1693-1697,  pp.  98,  420. 
See  also  Acts  of  the  Assembly  1694-1729,  p.  27. 


188  MARYLAND    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

Whom  Thomas  Tasker  married  has  not  been  certainly  dis- 
covered. The  late  Dr.  Christopher  Johnston  once  informed  the 
writer  that  in  a  chancery  suit  at  Annapolis  a  witness  testified 
about  a  time  when  Thomas  Tasker  "was  courting  the  widow 
Brooke."  In  his  article  on  the  Tasker  family  in  the  Maryland 
Historical  Magazine ,  Vol.  4,  p.  191,  Dr.  Johnston  writes,  re- 
ferring to  the  same  chancery  case  in  the  Land  Office,  I.  R.  No. 
3  fol.  800  ff,  that  "he  married  in  16Y6  a  widow,  Mrs.  Brooke, 
who  died  about  1695,  but  her  identity  is  not  further  estab- 
lished." There  may  be  a  clue  in  a  letter  from  Lord  Baltimore 
to  the  Council,  dated  28  September  1687,  about  a  complaint  of 
Mr.  James  Thompson  of  some  ill  treatment  of  his  wife  and 
"his  Brother  Tasker."  (Archives,  Proceedings  of  the  Council 
1687/8-1693,  page  12).  And  Dr.  Johnston  says  in  his  article 
on  the  Brooke  family,  in  Vol.  1,  page  72,  of  this  magazine,  that 
Kobert  Brooke,  of  Calvert  County,  who  died  in  1667,  married 
Elizabeth  Thompson  (sister  of  James  Thompson),  who  mar- 
ried (2)  Thomas  Cosden  before  1671.  It  seems  not  unlikely 
that  she  married  (3)  Thomas  Tasker.  His  wife  was  "very 
sick"  on  1  June  1692  (Proceedings  of  the  Assembly  1684-1692, 
p.  405). 

The  will  of  "Thomas  Tasker,  Merchant,"  dated  16  March 
1699-1700,  and  proved  31  August  1700,  is  recorded  on  page  144 
of  Liber  T.  B.  of  the  old  Prerogative  Court  Records  (now  in 
the  Land  Office,  Annapolis),  and  a  brief  abstract  is  in  Bald- 
win's Calendar  of  Maryland  Wills,  Vol.  2,  p.  226.  It  leaves 
a  large  estate — lands,  negroes,  gold,  silver  plate,  cash,  ships 
and  cargoes,  merchandise,  etc.  He  gives  to  his  daughter  Eliza- 
beth the  tract  "Tasker's  Camp,"  500  acres  (in  Baltimore  Coun- 
ty?), her  mother's  wearing  apparel  and  ornaments,  with  other 
property.  To  his  son  Benjamin  (under  16)  he  gives  all  his 
plantations  in  and  near  Battaile  Creek,  Calvert  County  (now 
improperly  spelled  Battle — it  was  named  by  the  Brooke  family 
after  Battaile  or  Battel  in  Sussex,  England,  not  from  a  sup- 
posed Indian  battle,  as  is  sometimes  imagined),  with  other  prop- 
erty, including  his  share  of  the  ship  "Petuxon  Merchant."     He 


THE    CALVERT    FAMILY.  189 

gives  his  mother,  "Widow  Ann  Tasker,"  ten  pounds  per  annum 
for  life  to  be  paid  her  by  Captain  Keyser.  (Was  she  in  Eng- 
land?) All  the  rest  of  his  estate  he  leaves  to  his  son  John. 
And  he  appoints  Mr.  Thomas  Brook  one  of  the  guardians  of  his 
children.  Elizabeth  Tasker  married  in  1701  Colonel  Thomas 
Addison,  as  shown  in  the  Addison  article  of  this  series,  Vol. 
14,  page  396.  John  Tasker's  issue  became  extinct  at  the  death 
of  a  grandson  about  1736.  Benjamin  Tasker  became  one  of 
the  most  prominent  men  in  the  Province,  being  a  Member  of 
the  Council  for  thirty-two  years  and,  as  its  President,  Governor 
of  Maryland  1752-3,  besides  filling  other  high  ofiices.  He  left 
no  living  male  issue  of  the  name.  He  had  had  a  son,  also  known 
as  Colonel  Benjamin  Tasker,  and  who  held  high  oflBces  in  the 
Colony,  but  who  died  unmarried  before  his  father.  It  is  re- 
markable that  father  and  son  sat  together  in  the  Council  for 
many  years.  But  while  there  are  none  now  living  of  the  Tasker 
name  in  Maryland,  through  Elizabeth  Tasker  Addison  and  the 
daughters  of  Benjamin  Tasker  there  are  many  descendants. 
(See  Dr.  Johnston's  article  on  the  Tasker  family  in  this  maga- 
zine, "Vol.  4,  page  191.) 


THE  CALVERT  FAMILY 

Part  II 

John  Bailey  Calvert  I^icklin 


THE    UNTITLED   LINE 

Leonard  Calvert^  (George,^  Leonard,^  John^),  second 
son  of  the  first  Lord  Baltimore,  b.  1606,  in  England;  d. 
June  9,  1647,  in  Maryland.  He  was  Prothonotary  and 
Keeper  of  the  Writs  in  Connaught  and  Thomond  (Ire- 
land) in  1621.  In  1633  he  was  appointed  by  his  brother, 
Cecil,    second    Lord    Baltimore,    Governor    of    Maryland, 


190  MARYLAND    HISTOEICAL    MAGAZINE. 

whitlier  he  sailed  witli  his  brother,  George  Calvert,  Jr., 
and  their  fellow  settlers  on  the  "Ark"  and  the  "Dove." 
He  governed  the  Province  wisely  and  returned  to  England 
in  1641/2  to  consult  with  his  brother,  the  Baron.  After  a 
lengthy  visit  (during  which  his  marriage  was  solemnized) 
he  returned  to  Maryland  in  1643/4  (Giles  Brent,  his  broth- 
er-in-law, having  been  left  in  charge  of  the  Province  during 
his  absence)  and  continued  to  govern  until  his  death  four 
years  later.  While  in  England  he  had  married  (1642) 
Anne  Brent  (of  whose  life  little  or  nothing  has  been  found, 
but  it  would  seem  that  she  pre-deceased  him),  a  sister  of 
■Mary,  Giles,  Eulke  and  "Mistress  Margaret  Brent,"  who 
came  to  Maryland  in  1638.  Anne  Brent  was  a  daughter  of 
Eichard  and  Elizabeth  (Reed)  Brent  of  Larke  Stoke  and 
Admington  in  Gloucestershire  and  a  granddaughter  of  Giles 
and  Katherine  (Greville)  Reed  of  Tusburie  and  Witten. 
Thru  Katherine  Greville  the  lineage  runs  back  to  John  of 
Gaunt,  Duke  of  Lancaster,  and  Thomas  of  Woodstock,  Duke 
of  Gloucester,  sons  of  King  Edward  III,  of  England.  Upon 
his  death-bed  Governor  Leonard  Calvert  appointed  Mar- 
garet Brent,  his  sister-in-law,  executrix  and  attorney  for  his 
estate.  He  was  Lord  of  St.  Gabriel's,  St.  Michael's  and 
Trinity  Manors.  ("Colonial  Families  of  the  United 
States,"  volume  W,  page  289 ;  Prov.  Ct.  Archives,  1683, 
page  366 ;  "Chronicles  of  Colonial  Maryland,"  page  53, 
note). 

ISSUE : 

10.     i.    William,  b.  1642/3,  of  whom  later. 

ii.  Anne,  b.  1644;  d.  c.  1714;  m.  (1)  1664,  Baker  Brooke  (1628- 
1679),  Lord  of  De  la  Brooke  Manor;  m.  (2),  c.  1680,  her 
cousin,  Henry  Brent  (d.  1693)  ;  m.  (3),  c.  1694,  Judge  Thomas 
Tasker  (d.  1699);  m.  (4),  c.  1700,  Richard  Marsham  (d. 
1714).  Note:  The  question  of  Anne  Calvert's  husbands  is 
still  perplexing,  but  the  above  account  seems  the  most 
satisfactory  and  probable. 

10.  William  Calvert^  (Leonard,^  George,^  Leonard,^  John^), 
b.  in  England  1642/3 ;  d.  in  Maryland  Jan.  10,  1682.  He 
came  to  the  Province  in  1661,  received  a  large  grant  of  land 


THE    CALVEET    FAMILY.  191 

from  his  uncle  (Cecil),  Lord  Baltimore,  and  inherited  cer- 
tain property  of  his  father,  including  "Governor's  Fields" 
and  the  mansion-house  at  St.  Mary's  City.  He  was  Prin- 
cipal Secretary  of  Maryland  and  a  man  of  high  standing. 
His  life  was  cut  short  by  drowning  when  he  was  trying  to 
ford  the  swollen  Wicomico  Eiver  in  1682.  The  grant  of 
land  from  his  uncle,  the  Lord  Proprietory,  was  called  "Pis- 
cataway  Manor,"  2400  acres  of  which  he  sold  to  Charles 
Egerton,  Sr.  His  home  was  "Calvert's  Rest,"  on  Calvert's 
Bay,  which  is  still  standing.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
House  of  Burgesses  and  of  the  Council ;  he  was  also  Deputy 
Governor  of  the  Province.  In  1661/2  he  married  Elizabeth 
Stone  (who  survived  him),  eldest  daughter  of  Governor 
William  Stone  (1603-1660)  and  Verlinda  Cotton  (d.  1675), 
daughter  of  Andrew  and  Joane  Cotton  of  Bunbury,  Che- 
shire, England,  and  a  sister  of  the  Rev.  Dr.  William  Cotton 
of  Northampton  County,  Va. 

ISSUE: 
i.  Charles,  b.  1662;  d.  1733;  m.  (1)  1690,  Mary  Howson, 
daughter  and  co-heir  of  Eobert  Howson  (or  Howison)  of 
Stafford  County,  Va.,  where  he  (Charles  Calvert)  resided 
for  a  time;  m.  (2)  Barbara  (Kirke?),  daughter  of  Martin 
and  Mary  Kirke,  of  St.  Mary's  County,  who  (Mary  Kirke) 
in  her  will  of  1734  mentions  her  daughter  "Barbary  (sic) 
Calvert."  She  survived  Charles  Calvert  and  married,  sec- 
ondly, Andrew  Foy. 

Issue  by  1st  m.: 

1.  Sarah — untraced. 

2.  Anne — untraced. 

ii.     Elizabeth,  b.  1644;  d.  1684;  m.  Dec.  20,  1681,  Captain  James 
Neale,  Lord  of  Woolaston  Manor. 

Issue: 
1.     Mary  Neale,  b.   1683;   d.   173—;   m.    (1)    1702,  Charles 
Egerton,  Jr.    (d.  1703)  ;  m.    (2)    1707,  Jeremiah  Adder- 
ton  (d.  1713)  ;  m.  (3)   1718,  Joseph  van  Swearingen;  m. 
(4)    1726,  William  Deacon. 

iii.    (William,  b.  1666;  d. ;  living,  1696,  in  St.  Mary's  County. 

11.     iv.    'George,  b.   1668,  of  whom  later. 

V.     Richard,  b.  1670;    d.  u.  Nov.  11,  1718.     He  was  of  age  in 
1691  (see  W.  R.  C.  No.  1,  page  570,  Land  Office,  Annapolis). 


192  MARYLAND   HISTOKICAL   MAGAZINE. 

According  to   an  unverified  family  record,  he  married,  in 

Westmoreland  County,  Va.,  Sarah  ;   this  record 

also  gives  the  date  of  his  birth  as  1669,  and  adds  the  fol- 
lowing children.  (The  compiler  cannot  vouch  for  this  line, 
however.) 

Issue: 

1.  Eobert,  who  emigrated  to  Texas  (sic)  and  founded 
Calvert  City. 

2.  John,  m.  Mary  Calvert,  dau.  of  Joseph  and  gr.  dau.  of 
Cornelius  Calvert  of  Norfolk  and  Princess  Anne  Coun- 
ties, Va. 

3.  Francis,  m.  Hannah  Brent;   s.  p. 

11.  George  Calvert^  (William,^  Leonard,*  George,*  Leo- 
nard,2  John^),  b.  1668;  d.  after  1739;  m.  c.  1690,  Eliza- 
beth Doyne.  (Two  other  wives  have  been  mentioned,  viz: 
Anne  Notley  and  Hannah  E"eale).  This  George  Calvert 
has  been  confused  with  the  one  of  the  same  name  (born 
Dec.  15,  1672)  who  studied  for  the  priesthood  at  Liege  in 
1692,  but,  at  his  own  request,  was  allowed  to  leave  the 
College  and  did  not  become  a  priest,  as  commonly  supposed. 
(See  Jesuit  Eecords  at  Georgetown  University).* 

ISSUE: 

i.  Charles,  b.  1691. 

12.      ii.  John,  b.  c.  1692,  of  whom  later. 

iii.  George,  living   (1761)    in  Prince  William  County,  Va. 
iv.     James    (?). 

V.  Elizabeth, 

vi.  William, 
vii.     Thomas  (?). 

12.  John  Calvert'^  (George,®  William,^  Leonard,*  George,* 
Leonard,^  John^),  b.  c.  1692,  in  Maryland;  d.  1739,  in 
Prince  William  County,  Va.  He  was  granted  land  (across 
the  Potomac  Eiver  from  the  family  seat  in  Maryland)  in 
Prince  William  County,  Va.,  July  16,  1724  (See  Deed 
Book  D,  pages  47-8  and  141-3,  Manassas,  Va.).     He  m. 

*(Prov.  Ct.  Archives,   1683,   p.   366;    "Chronicles  of  Colonial  Mary- 
land," p.  53,  note.) 


THE    CALVEET    FAMILY.  193 

c.  1711,  Elizabeth  Harrison  (supposedly  the  daughter  of 
Benjamin  Harrison  III,  of  Virginia.) 


13. 


ISSTJE: 

i. 

George,  b.  1712;  of  whom  later. 

ii. 

Thomas,  b.  1714;  m.  1734,  Sarah  Harrison, 

iii. 

Burr,  m.  Adah  Fairfax. 

iv. 

Cecilius. 

V. 

William. 

vi. 

Obed    (?). 

vii. 

Elizabeth. 

13.  Geokge  Calvert,  Jr.^  (John,''^  George,^  William,^ 
Leonard,^  George,^  Leonard,^  John^),  b.  1Y12;  d.  May  19, 
1782,  in  Culpeper  County,  Va.  (whither  he  had  moved  from 
Prince  William  County  before  the  Revolutionary  War). 
After  the  death  of  Frederick,  sixth  and  last  Lord  Baltimore, 
in  1771,  he  was  the  next  heir  to  the  title,  but  he  never  put 
forth  a  claim  and  soon  after  cast  in  his  lot  with  the  revolting 
Colonies.  He  lived  at  "Deep  Hole  Farm,"  Prince  William 
County,  across  the  Potomac  River  (on  which  it  was  situ- 
ated) from  Maryland;  he  died  at  "The  Horse  Shoe,"  in 
Culpeper  County.  When  Benedict  Arnold  invaded  the 
Valley  of  Virginia  in  1781  he  was  called  to  the  colors  and 
commissioned  Captain  of  a  Company  of  Militia  in  Cul- 
peper County  by  Thomas  Jefferson,  then  Governor  of  Vir- 
ginia, on  May  19,  1781,  his  original  commission  (signed 
by  Jefferson)  being  in  the  possession  of  the  writer  of  this 
article.  He  m.  (1)  c.  1740,  Anne  Crupper,  a  sister  of  Gil- 
bert Crupper  of  Prince  William  County,  Trooper  in  the 
French  and  Indian  War;  m.  (2)  1779,  Mary  Deatherage 
(d.  1810),  widow  of  Robert  Deatherage  (d.  1777)  and 
daughter  of  Francis  and  Susannah  (Dabney)  Strother,  of 
St.  Mark's  Parish,  Culpeper  County. 

ISSTJE,   BY    FIRST    M. : 

John,  b.  1742,  of  whom  later. 
George,  b.  1744,  of  whom  afterward. 

Jane,  b.  1746;  d.  ;  m.  (1)   c.  1768,  Captain  John  Mad- 

dox,  R.  N.;  m.   (2)  John  Settle;  m.   (3)  Grymes. 


14. 

i. 

17. 

ii. 

iii. 

194  MAEYLAND   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

Issue  by  1st  m. : 

1.  Jane  Maddox,  b.   1770. 

2.  Mary    Maddox,    b.    1772;    d.    1816;    m.    1789,    William 
Deatherage. 

3.  Sarah  Maddox,  b.  1774. 

Issue  by  2nd  m.: 
1.     John  Calvert  Settle,  m.  1806,  Sarah  Turner. 

Issue: 

(1)     Jane  Settle,  m.  her  cousin,  George  Thorne  (q.  v.). 
iv.     Lydia,  b.  1748;  m.  Archibald  Bigbee. 

V.    Sarah,  b.  1749;  m.  Rookard. 

vi.  Anne,  b.  1751;  d.  1822;  m.  1766,  Captain  William  Lindsay 
(d.  1792)  of  "Colchester,"  Prince  William  County,  and 
"Laurel  Hill,"  Culpeper  County,  Va. 

ISSUE  BY  SECOND  M. : 

i.     Mary,  b.  1780;  d.  1809;  m.  1805,  Nicholas  Thorne. 

Issue: 

1.  George  Thorne,  b.  1806;  m.  his  cousin,  Jane  Settle  (q.v.). 

2.  Mary  Thorne,  b.  1808. 

14.  John  Calvert^  (George,^  Jolm,'^  George,^  William,^ 
Leonard,^  George,  =^  Leonard,^  Jolmi),  b.  1742;  d.  1790. 
He  lived  both  in  Maryland  and  Virginia;  he  married  in 
the  former  state  and  died  in  the  latter.  He  was  Captain  in 
the  Revolution  among  the  Virginia  Forces  (like  his  father 
and  brother).  Washington,  Culpeper  (now  Rappahan- 
nock) County,  was  laid  out  upon  his  land  in  1796-7.  (See 
Hening's  "Statutes  at  Large,"  vol.  15,  page  30).  He  m. 
(1),  1765,  Sarah  Bailey  (who  lived  only  a  few  years)  ;  m. 
(2)  1772,  Hellen  Bailey  (sister  of  his  first  wife),  who  sur- 
vived him.  They  were  daughters  of  John  Bailey  (d.  1789)  of 
"Hunting  Ridge,"  Baltimore  County,  Md.,  and  Helen  New- 
some  (Nussum)  (d.  1801)  ;  and  granddaughters  of  George 
Bayley  (d.  1754)  of  that  county  (whose  seal  shows  the 
crest  of  the  Bay  leys  of  ISTorthallerton,  Yorkshire).  The  wife 
of  this  George  Bayley  was  Sarah  Maclane,  daughter  of  Hec- 
tor Maclane  (d.  1722)  of  Baltimore  County  and  grand- 
daughter of  Hector  Maclane  of  St.  Mary's  County  and  his 


THE    CALVERT    FAMILY.  195 

wife,  Sarah  Morgan,  daugliter  of  Captain  Thomas  Morgan 
(d.  1697)  of  that  county. 

ISSUE  BY  FIRST  M. : 

15.  i.     Cecilius,  b.  Dec.  29,  1767,  of  whom  later, 
ii.     Henrietta,  b.  1769;  m. Birch;  s.  p. 

ISSUE   BY    SECOND    M.: 

i.  iSarah,  b.  1774;  d.  s.  p.;  m.  1803,  John  Heaton. 

ii.  Anne,  b.  1776;  d.  s.  p.  1848;  m.  1799,  Captain  David  J.  Coxe. 

21.     iii.  Elizabeth,  b.  1777,  of  whom  later. 

iv.  Hannah,  b.  1778;  d.  1861;  m.  1793,  John  Jett. 

V.  QDelia,  b.   1780;   d.  u.  1873. 

vi.  Gettie,  b.  1785;   d.  1816;  m.  1801,  Gabriel  Smither. 

15.  Ceciliijs  Calvert^^  (John,^  George,^  John,*^  George,^ 
William,^  Leonard,^  George,^  Leonard,^  John^),  b.  Dec.  29, 
1767,  in  Baltimore  County,  Md. ;  d.  in  Missouri,  Feb.  14, 
1852.  He  was  baptized  at  old  St.  Paul's  Church,  Balti- 
more, on  Dec.  31,  1767  (see  Register  of  St.  Paul's  Parish 
in  the  Maryland  Historical  Society).  He  moved  to  Vir- 
ginia with  his  father  and  there,  in  Culpeper  County,  mar- 
ried, in  1797,  his  first  cousin,  Nancy  Beck  Calvert  (1773- 
1835)  (q.  v.),  daughter  of  George  and  Lydia  Beck  (Ralls) 
Calvert  (q.  v.).  He  moved  with  his  family  to  Kentucky 
and  later  to  Missouri,  where  he  died. 

ISSUE : 
i.     John,  b.  April  29,  1799;  d.  u.  March  15,  1846. 
ii.     George,  b.  April  25,  1802;  d.  April  29,  1865;  m.  1835,  Willie 
Anne  Woods. 

Issue : 

1.  John  Strother,  b.  1836;  d.  1886. 

2.  George  Washington,  b.  1838;  d.  1913. 

3.  Benjamin  Franklin,  b.  1840,  of  Willows,  Calif. 

4.  Sarah  Anne,  b.  1842;  m.  her  cousin,  Samuel  Ralls  Cal- 
vert   ( q.  V. ) . 

16.  iii.     ZiBA,  b.  Aug.  31,  1804;   of  whom  later. 

iv.     iSarah  Anne,  b.  July  24,  1810;  m.  James  Wood. 

V.     Elizabeth,  b.  June  6,  1812;  d.  1850;  m.  Elijah  Pepper. 

vi.     Gabriel,  b.  Jan.  27,  1814;  d.  Nov.  3,  1898. 

16.  ZiBA  Calveet^^  (iCecilius,^^  John,^  George,^  John,'^ 
George,®  William,"  Leonard,^  George,^  Leonard,^  John^), 


196 


MARYLAND   HISTOEICAL   MAGAZINE. 


b.  Culpeper  County,  Va.,  Aug.  31,  1804;  d.  Warren  Town- 
ship, Missouri,  Oct.  11,  1886  ;  he  lived  in  Bourbon  County, 
Ky.,  when  a  child  and  later  moved  to  Marion  County,  Mo., 
and  m.  Dec.  24,  1834,  Mary  Ferguson  (1811-1875). 

16a.     i.    James  Madison,  b.  May  29,  1836;  of  whom  later, 
ii.     Emily,  b.  Sept.  29,   1837. 
iii.     America  Virginia,  b.  June  4,  1840. 

iv.     Samuel  Rails,  b.  Nov.  28,  1841;  d.  Sept.  24,  1882;  m.  Oct. 
28,  1869,  his  cousin,  Sarah  Anne  Calvert  (1842-1899)    (q,  v.). 

Issue : 
1.     Elizabeth,  b.  May  3,  1871. 
2!     Albert,  b.  Aug.  31,  1873. 

3.  Jacob,  b.  Jan.  12,  1877. 

4.  iSamuel,  b.  July  30,  1880;  d.  Feb.  14,  1890. 

V.     John  Quincy,  b.  April  4,  1845;  m.  Jan.  7,  1877,  his  cousin, 
Elvira  Calvert    ( q.  v. ) . 

Issue : 

1.  Bernard  Carson. 

2.  Mary  Elizabeth,  d.  April  7,  1889. 

3.  Charles  Leonard. 

4.  Sarah  Virginia. 

5.  Emily  Catherine. 

6.  Lillie  May. 

7.  Susan  Gertrude. 

vi.     Mary  Anne,  b.  Jan.  14,  1848;  d.  May  12,  1868;  m.  Dec.  19, 
1866,  James  W.  Sharp. 

Issue: 
1.     Mary  Anne  Sharp,  b.  April  17,  1868;  m.  Aug.  28,  1888, 
Taylor   Mason   Donley, 
vii.     Sarah  Elizabeth,  b.  Sept.  15,  1851;  m.  Nov.  4,  1885,  William 
D.  Head. 

Issue: 
1.    Calvert  Head,  b.  April  19,  1888. 
viii.     Ziba  Milton;  b.  Jan.  10,  1857;  unmarried. 

16a.JAMEs  Madison  Calveet^^  (Ziba,^^  Cecilius,^*^  John,^ 
George,^  John,''^  George,^  William,^  Leonard,^  George,^ 
Leonard,^  John'),  b.  May  29,  1836 ;  m.  (1)  April  29,  1875, 
Mary  Malisa  Taylor  (1850-1877)  ;  m.  (2)  April  11,  1880, 
Catherine  Ann  Taylor,  a  sister  of  his  first  wife.  James 
Madison  Calvert  is  a  prominent  farmer  of  Hunnewell,  Mis- 
souri, and  his  family  records  have  been  of  much  assistance 
in  the  compilation  of  this  sketch. 


THE    CALVERT    FAMILY.  197 

ISSUE,   BT  FIRST   M. : 

i.     Jacob  Tipton,  b.  March  27,  1877. 
ii.     Alonzo  PuUiam,  twin  to  Jacob  Tipton,  b.  March  27,  1877. 

ISSUE,  BY   SECOND  M. : 

i.     Dau.,  b.  Dec.  29,  1886;  d.  Dec.  31,  1886. 
ii.     Catherine  Anne,  b.  Feb.  4,  1892;  d.  May  12,  1914. 

17.  Geokge  Calveet^  (George,^  John,'''  George,®  William,-'' 
Leonard,*  George,^  Leonard,^  John^),  second  son 
of  George  and  Anne  (Crupper)  Calvert  of  "Deep" 
Hole  Farm,"  was  b.  Feb.  6,  1744 ;  d.  in  Culpeper  County, 
May  22,  1821.  He  was  a  Captain  in  the  War  of  the  Revolu- 
tion and  made  his  home  in  Culpeper  County  while  his 
brother  lived  in  Maryland.  He  m.,  Feb.  7,  1764,  Lydia 
Beck  Ralls. 

ISSUE: 

18.        i.     Ralls,  b.  Oct.  9,  1767,  of  whom  later. 

ii.     Margaret,  b.  1770;  m.  1794,  John  Adams. 

Issue: 

1.  Mariah  Adams,  m.  1816,  her  cousin  Nimrod  Hambrick, 
Jr.    (q.  v.). 

2.  Elizabeth  Adams,  m.  1822,  Lewis  David  Massie. 

Issue : 
(1)    Margaret  Elizabeth  Massie,  m.  1843,  her  cousin  Oli- 
ver Hazard  Perry  Smith   (q.  v.). 

Issue : 

(a)  Mary   Elizabeth   Frances    Smith,   b.    April    30, 
1845;  d.  March  18,  1913;  m.  1869,  David  Steele. 

(b)  John  Perry  Smith,  b.  April  29,  1847;  m.  1881, 
Frances  Bell. 

(c)  Anna  Melvina  Smith,  b.  May  25,  1849;  m.  Jan. 

16,  1875,  John  Hangar  Rush,  great-grandson  of 
Dr.  Benjamin  Rush,  Signer  of  the  Declaration 
of  Independence. 

(d)  Lewis  Edward  Smith,  b.  1851;  d.  July  31,  1914; 
m.  1878,  Clara  Weir. 

(e)  Robert  Issachar  Smith,  b.  1857;  d.  1863. 

(f)   Virginia    Emma   Smith,   b.   June   5,    1855;    d. 
Sept.  8,  1909;  m.  Dec,  8,  1886,  Samuel  McClure. 
(g)    William   Bernard    Smith,   b.    1858;    d.   1859. 


198  MARYLAND   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

(2)  Mary  Virginia  Massie. 

(3)  John  William  Massie,  m.  Mary  Cloud. 

(4)  Thomas  Bernard  Massie,  m.  Margaret  Bragg. 
20.      iii.    George,  b.  1771,  of  whom  afterward. 

iv.     Anne  ("Nancy")   Beck,  b.  1773;  d.  May  18,  1835 j  m.  1797, 

her  cousin,  Cecilius  Calvert  (q.  v.) . 
V.     John,  b.  1775;  m.  1804,  Anne  Askin. 
vi.     Lydia,  b.  1777;  m.  1794,  George  Wheeler, 
vii.     Elizabeth,  b.  1779;  m.  1800,  Charles  Williams, 
viii.     Catherine,  b.  March  25,  1781;  d.  Oct.  20,  1852;  m.  (1)   1801, 
Henry  Green;  m.   (2)    1809,  Jacob  Mathews. 
ix.     Hannah,  b.  1783;  m.  1805,  Peter  Link. 
X.     Jane,  b.  1785;  d.  Nov.  8,  1804;  m.  1804,  George  Graver, 
xi.     Sarah,  b.  1786;  d.  1856;  m.  1803,  John  Kaylor  (1784-1866). 
from  whom  descends  Mrs.  Vera  L.  Cutwater,  of  Kansas  City, 
Mo.,  whose  valuable  records  have  contributed  towards  this 
article, 
xii.     Cecilius,  b.  1789;  U.  S.  Army,  1814,  16th  Virginia  Kegiment 
of  Militia, 
xiii.     Mariah,  b.  1791;  m.   (1)    1808,  Jacob  Myers;  m.    (2)   Nim- 
rod  Hambrick.  The  son  by  the  second  marriage  was  Nimrod 
Hambrick,    Jr.,    who    married    his    cousin,    Mariah    Adams 
(q.  v.). 

18.  Ealls  Calvert^*'  (George,®  George,^  Jolin,'^  George,®  Wil- 
liam,^ Leonard,^  George,^  Leoiiard,^  John^),  b.  Oct.  9,  1767, 
iCulpeper  County,  Va. ;  d.  June  29,  1815,  in  Culpeper 
County,  where  lie  lived  all  his  life.  His  home  was  Wash- 
ington, where  he  was  Postmaster,  and  there  he  died.  He 
m.,  Nov.  15,  1790,  Mary  Wade  Strother,  daughter  of  Cap- 
tain John  and  Anne  (Strother)  Strother,  granddaughter  of 
John  and  Mary  Willis  (Wade)  Strother  of  "Wadefield," 
and  great-granddaughter  of  Francis  and  Susannah  (Dab- 
ney)  Strother  of  St.  Mark's  Parish,  Culpeper  County 
(whose  daughter,  Mary,  widow  of  Robert  Deatherage,  it 
will  be  remembered,  was  the  second  wife  of  George  Calvert 
of  "Deep  Hole  Farm." 

ISSUE: 
i.    Jeremiah  Strother,  b.  Sept.  10,  1791;  d.  April  18,  1867;  m. 
April  8,  1816,  Priscilla  Smither   (1796-1888). 

Issue: 
1.     Mary  Anne,  b.  Jan.  16,  1817;  m.  Oct.  31,  1845,  James  C. 
Watkins,  at  Bolton,  Ala. 


THE    CALVERT    FAMILY.  199 

2.  Sarah  Hunt,  b.  May  9,  1819;  d.  April  2,  1833. 

3.  Eliza  Jane,  b.  Oct.  18,  1821;  d.  Dec.  15,  1821. 

4.  iKatberine  Kennerly,  b.  Jan.  21,  1823;  m.  Feb.  2,  1846, 
Colonel  Thomas  D.  Johnston,  at  Seguin,  Texas. 

5.  James  Lockhart,  b.  Sept.  19,  1825;  killed  during  Civil 
War;  m.  Frances  Tabor. 

6.  Susan  Sophia,  b.  Feb.  2,  1827;  m.  Feb.  2,  1847,  Colonel 
John  Coffee  Hays  ("The  Texas  Ranger"),  at  Seguin, 
Texas. 

7.  Samuel  Ralls,  b.  July  21,  1831. 

8.  Elizabeth  Priscilla,  b.  Dee.  7,  1832;  m.  April  6,  1853, 
John  Twohis;  s.  p. 

9.  William  Lancelot  Strother,  b.  Jan.  21,  1835;  killed  dur- 
ing Civil  War. 

10.  Martha  Frances,  b.  June  26,   1837;   m.  Dev.   19,   1854, 
Alfred  Shelby,  of  Kentucky. 

11.  Edward  Pendleton,  b.  Aug.  15,  1840. 

ii.     Anne  Strother,  b.  Aug.  15,  1793;  d.  Nov.  1,  1861;  m.   (1) 
1811,  Issachar  Smith  (1784-1819)  ;  m.  (2)  1823,  Henry  Spill- 

er    (1791-1842). 

Issue  by  1st  m. : 

1.  John  Ralls  Smith,  b.  Feb.  18,  1812;  m.  Feb.  16,  1837, 
Lucy  Anne  Allen. 

2.  Mary  Catherine  Smith,  b.  Dec.  30,  1813;  m.  Aug.  4, 
1836,  John  Rudacill. 

3.  Oliver  Hazard  Perry  Smith,  b.  March  10,  1815;  d.  Jan. 
8,  1887;  m.  March  10,  1843,  his  cousin,  Margaret  Eliza- 
beth Massie    (q.  v.). 

4.  Elizabeth  Smith,  b.  March  4,  1818;  m.  Feb.  10,  1844, 
Enoch  Brown. 

19.     iii.    'Geoege,  b.  Oct.  20,  1795,  of  whom  later, 
iv.     Lydia  Beck. 
V.     Martha, 
vi.     Patsey. 

vii.     John  Strother,  Major  Tenth  Virginia  Regiment,  C.  S.  A.; 
father  of  the  late  Judge  George  Ralls  Calvert  of  New  Mar- 
ket, Va.,  who  left  many  notes  of  the  Calvert  Family, 
viii.     Edward,  m.  Mary  Frances  Jenlcins. 
ix.     Ralls. 
X.     Mary. 

xi.     Katharine  Kennerly,  m. Hollingsworth. 

xii.  Lucy,  d.  1848;  m.  1844,  James  Leake  Powers  (1799-1889), 
whose  first  wife  was  her  cousin,  Martha  Anne  Nicklin  (q. 
v.),  daughter  of  Joseph  and  Elizabeth  (Calvert)  Nicklin. 

19.  George    Caevert^^    (Ealls,^®    George,^    George,^    John," 


200  MARYLAND   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

George,^  William,^  Leonard/  George,^  Leonard,^  John^), 
b.  Oct.  20,  1795;  d.  Sept.  23,  1871;  m.  May  11,  1819, 
Elizabeth  Lovell  Can  (1802-1874),  daughter  of  Joseph  and 
Delia  (Strother)  Carr. 

ISStJE: 

i.     Olivia  Jane,  b.  March  16,  1820;  d.  April  28,  1881;  m.  Wil- 
liam Chamblin. 
ii.     Anna  Maria,  b.  Dec.  2,  1821;  d.  Feb.  7,  1900;  m.  April  7, 
1840,  Dr.  Samuel  Keerl  Jackson  of  Norfolk.,  son  of  the  Rev. 
Dr.  Edward  Jackson. 

Issue: 

1.  Edward  Calvert  Jackson,  b.  1841;  Upperville,  Va. 

2.  William  Congreve  Jackson,  b.  1843;  d.  1861. 

3.  Anna  Maria  Jackson,  b.  1845;  d.  1897;  m.  Robert  J. 
Tucker  of  Bermuda  and  Virginia. 

4.  Henry  Melville  Jackson,  b.  July  28,  1849;  d.  May  4, 
1900;  Bishop  Coadjutor  of  Alabama  and  a  brilliant 
preacher.  He  m.  (1)  July  24,  1873,  Rebecca  Lloyd, 
daughter  of  John  and  Eliza  Armistead  (Selden)  Lloyd; 
m.  (2)  April  21,  1880,  Violet  Lee  Pace,  daughter  of 
James  Baker  and  Elizabeth  (Neale)  Pace;  m.  (3)  April 
17,  1895,  Caroline  Toney  Cochrane,  daughter  of  Judge 
John  and  Caroline  (Toney)  Cochrane. 

5.  Churchill  Calvert  Jackson,  b.  1850;  d.  1897;  m.  Eliza- 
beth Wilson. 

Issue: 

1.  Anna  Calvert  Jackson,  m.  James  Burr  Warwick. 

2.  William  Congreve  Jackson,  m.  Marguerite  Kemp  of 
Baltimore. 

6.  Olive  Caldwell  Jackson,  b.  1857;  m.  Francis  Taliaferro 
Stribling;   s.  p. 

7.  Marshall  Parks  Jackson,  b.  1860;  d.  1907;  m.  Josephine 
Ross. 

8.  George  Calvert  Jackson,  b.  1862;  d.  i. 

iii.     Amanda  Carr,  b.  Nov.   18,   1823;    d.  u.  Jan.  24,  1904. 

iv.     Joseph  Carr,  b.  June  8,  1825;   d.   s.  p.  Aug.   18,  1892. 

V.     Robert  Singleton,  b.   Sept.  13,   1829;   d.  May  23,  1830. 

vi.  Caldwell  Carr,  b.  Jan.  28,  1831;  d.  Sept.  14,  1909;  m.  June 
25,  1879,  Mary  Landon  Armistead  Rosser,  daughter  of  Jo- 
seph Travis  and  Mary  Walker  (Armistead)  Rosser. 

Issue: 

1.  Mary  Rosser,  b.  1882. 

2.  Landon  Ralls,  b.  May  26,  1884. 

3.  Elizabeth  Lovell,  b.   1886;   d.  i. 


THE    CALVEET    FAMILY.  201 

20.  Geokge  Calvekt^*'  (George,^  George,^  John,''^  George,* 
William,^  Leonard,*  George,^  Leonard,^  Jolm^),  second 
son  of  George  and  Lydia  Beck  (Ealls)  Calvert  of  Culpeper 

County,  was  b.  1771;  d.  ;  m.  Oct.  19,  1809,  Anne 

(Jennings)  Norman. 

ISSUE: 

i.    Sarah  Anne,  m.  Thompson. 

ii.     Benjamin,  m.  Amanda  Hunniman. 
iii.     Samuel  Ralls, 
iv.     George  Edward,  b.  1820;  d.  1907;  m.  1846,  Mary  Frances 

Hughes. 

Issue: 

1.  Thomas  Hughes,  d.  s.  p. 

2.  Mary  Virginia,  m.  William  Hand   (1826-1910). 

3.  Cecil,  m.  Wagner. 

4.  Walter. 

5.  John  Ralls,  m.  Jane  Portlow. 

6.  Anne  Frances,  m.  Charles  H.  Rosson. 

7.  George    (the  eleventh  of  that  name). 

8.  Mathew  James  Preston  Hughes,  b.   1857;   d.   1907;  m. 

Anne  B.  Mosby. 

Issue : 
(1)   Bernard  Yancey. 
V.     Elizabeth,  m.  George  Bstes. 
vi.    Jesse, 
vii.    John  Jett. 

21.  Elizabeth  Calveet^*^  (Jolin,^  George,^  John,*^  George,® 
William,^  Leonard,*  George,^  Leonard,^  John^),  third  (and 
eventually  eldest)  daughter  and  co-heiress  of  John  and 
Hellen  (Bailey)  Calvert  of  "Hunting  Eidge,"  Baltimore 
County,  Md.,  and  "Poplar  Grove,"  Culpeper  County,  Va., 
was  b.  Feb.  21,  1777,  in  Maryland;  d.  Dec.  15,  1833,  in 
Virginia.  She  m.,  Jan.  7,  1802,  in  Culpeper  County,  Va., 
Dr.  Joseph  Nicklin  (1776-1853),  Surgeon  in  the  War  of 
1812  and  son  of  Joseph  and  Martha  (Richards)  Nicklin  of 
Chester  County,  Pa.,  and  Frederick  County,  Va.  He  was 
later  a  member  of  the  House  of  Delegates  and  a  well-known 
physician. 

ISSUE: 

22.       i.    John  Bailey  Nickun  I,  b.  Feb.  23,  1803,  of  whom  later, 
ii.    Joseph  Marshall  Nicklin,  b.  April  21,  1805;  d.  s.  p.  March 
7 


202  MARYLAND   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

10,  1846;  m.  1830,  Mary  Newton  Lane,  daughter  of  George 
Steptoe  and  Elizabeth  Taliaferro  (Stribling)  Lane  and  first 
cousin  to  Harriet  (Lane)  Johnstone;  also  cousin  to  Lucy 
Ware  (Webb)  Hayes,  wife  of  President  Hayes.  Joseph 
Marshall  Nicklin  had  in  his  possession  the  parchment  tree 
of  the  Calverts  when  his  office  and  all  its  contents  (includ- 
ing this  tree)  were  destroyed  by  fire  nearly  a  century  ago. 

iii,  Levi  Orme  Connor  Nicklin,  b.  Feb.  18,  1807;  d.  July  24, 
1876;  m.  Dec.  18,  1832,  Margaretta  Shriver.  Their  son, 
Cecilius  Calvert  Nicklin  (1838-1863)  was  killed  in  the  Civil 
War. 

iv.  Martha  Anne  Nicklin,  b.  Dec.  18,  1809;  d.  March  25,  1843; 
m.  May  27,  1837,  James  Leake  Powers  (1799-1889),  who 
afterwards,  surviving  her,  married  her  cousin,  Lucy  Calvert 
(q.  v.).  Her  daughter,  Miss  Martha  Anne  Nicklin  Powers, 
inherited  many  heirlooms  and  has  furnished  much  assistance 
in  the  preparation  of  this  article.  She  lives  in  the  old  home 
at  Washington,  Va. 

V.  Jacob  Richards  Nicklin,  b.  Aug.  20,  1811;  d.  July  11,  1887; 
Colonel,  C.  S.  A.;  m.  (1)  1843  Susan  Eastham;  m.  (2) 
Oct.  24,  1855,  Susan  Maria  Hunter.  Their  daughter,  Mrs. 
H.  J.  Beagen  of  Chester,  Pa.,  has  also  assisted  in  the 
preparation    of    this    sketch. 

vi.     William  Henry  Harrison  Nicklin,  b.  June  13,  1813;  d.  Nov. 

11,  1881;  m.  May  1,  1838,  Mary  Jane  Nelson. 

22.  John  Bailey  ISTicklin  I^^  (Elizabetli  Calvertj^**  John,'^ 
George,*  Jolm/  George,^  William,^  Leonard/  George,^ 
Leonard,^  John^),  b.  Culpeper  County,  Va.,  Feb.  23,  1803; 
d.  Franklin,  Pa.,  Oct.  22,  1891 ;  m.  at  "Locust  Grove,"  Jef- 
ferson County,  Va.,  March  23,  1830,  Catharine  Thornton 
Pendleton  (1806-1874),  only  daughter  of  Benjamin  Pen- 
dleton (1781-1853),  and  Elizabeth  Strother  (1784-1822), 
daughter  of  Benjamin  Strother  (1750-1807)  of  "Park  For- 
rest," Jefferson  County,  Va.  (He  was  a  Midshipman  in 
the  Revolutionary  Navy  and  later  served  in  the  Land 
Forces).  Catharine  Thornton  (Pendleton)  Nicklin  was  a 
great-grandniece  of  the  distinguished  Judge  Edmund  Pen- 
dleton (1721-1803). 

ISSTIE: 

i.  Benjamin  Strother  Nicklin,  b.  Oct.  8,  1831;  d.  Aug.  17, 
1873;  m.  Oct.  25,  1853,  Sarah  White  Hersey.  He  was  Cap- 
tain, U.  S.  A.,  1861-65. 


THE    CALVEET    FAMILY.  203 

1904,  the  Countess  Elsa  von  Moltke. 
V.    Samuel  Church  Nicklin,  b.  Feb.  18,  1840;  d.  Sept.  29,  1911; 
m.  Sept.  7,  1865,  Harriet  Utley. 
23.     vi.    John  Bailey  Nickun  II,  b.  Aug.  5,  1843,  of  whom  later. 

ii.     Elizabeth  Catherine  Nicklin,  b.  Nov.  29,  1833;  d.  Sept.  10, 
1910;  m.  Jan.  9,  1851,  Espy  Connoly. 
iii.    Martha  Virginia  Nicklin,  b.  March  9,  1836;  d.  May  22,  1838. 
iv.     Mary  Marshall  Nicklin,  b.  Jan.  19,  1838;  d.  May  28,  1921; 
m.  March  15,  1871,  John  Nelson  Emery. 

Issue : 

1.  .Joseph  Emery,  b.  June  24,  1868;  d.  Aug.  11,  1868. 

2.  Mary  Virginia  Emery,  b.  Nov.  1,  1869;  m.  Aug.  22,  1899, 
Paul  Browne  Patterson. 

3.  Frederick  Strother  Emery,  b.  Aug.  6,  1874;  m.  Aug.  23, 
vii.     Lucy  Crane,  b.  April  25,  1846;  d.  Oct.  2,  1846. 

viii.     Laura  Pendleton  Nicklin,  b.  Sept.  5,  1848;  d.  April  10,  1872; 
m.  1870,  Dr.  Charles  B.  Ansart. 
ix.     William  Fuller  Nicklin,  b.  March  11,  1852;  d.  Feb.  18,  1858. 

23.  John  Bailey  I^icklin  IP^  (John  Bailey  Nicklm,^^  Eliza- 
beth. Calvert^*^,  John,^  George,*  John,''  George,^,  William,^ 
Leonard,*  George,^  Leonard,^  John^),  b.  Allegheny  City, 
Pa.,  August  5,  1843 ;  d.  Chattanooga,  Tenn.,  May  6,  1919 ; 
Private,  Company  "K,"  100th  Pennsylvania  Regiment 
("Roundheads")  ;  Drum  Major,  55th  Pennsylvania  Regi- 
ment, 1861-65.  Settled  in  Chattanooga,  Feb.  26,  1866,  and 
resided  there  until  his  death.  Mayor  of  Chattanooga  ISST' 
89 ;  President  Board  of  Education,  1893 ;  President  South- 
ern (Baseball)  League  1901 ;  33rd  Degree  Scottish  Rite 
Mason;  Grand  Commander,  K.  T.,  etc.;  m.  Sept.  6,  1871, 
at  Chattanooga,  Eliza  Kaylor,  eldest  daughter  of  Daniel 
Pringle  Kaylor  (1827-1898)  of  ITew  York  and  Chatta- 
nooga, by  his  first  wife,  Sarah  McBryde  (1827-1873), 
daughter  of  Henry  and  Mary  (Whitfield)  McBryde  of  Ire- 
land and  Canada. 


Benjamin  Patten  Nicklin,  Colonel,  Infantry,  U.  S.  A.,  Camp 
Benning,  Ga.;  b.  Jan.  24,  1873;  m.  Manila,  P.  I.,  Oct.  31, 
1910,  Margaret  Anne  Peele  Hayes,  daughter  of  James  and 
Ida  Helen    (Soothoff)    Hayes;  s.  p. 
Dwight  Pendleton  Nicklin,  b.  March  22,  1875;  m.  June  15, 


204  MAEYLAND   HISTOBICAL   MAGAZINE. 

1905,  Daisy  Hope  Harrison,  daughter  of  Major-General  Wil- 
liam Cole  Harrison  C.  V.  (great-great-grandson  of  Benjamin 
Harrison,  Governor  of  Virginia  and  Signer  of  the  Declara- 
tion of  Independence)    and  Mary  Jane  Lattner;  s.  p. 

iii.  iSamuel  Strang  (''Sammy  Strang")  Nicklin,  b.  Dec.  16,  1876; 
Captain,  Infantry,  World  War;  President  Chattanooga 
Baseball  Club,  1919-20-21. 

iv.  John  Bailey  Calvert  Nicklin,  b.  Dec.  17,  1891;  Lieutenant, 
World  War;  member:  Maryland  Historical,  Ark  and  Dove, 
Colonial  Wars,  Sons  of  the  American  Revolution,  Sons  of 
Confederate  Veterans,  Military  Order  of  Foreign  Wars,  Am- 
erican Clan  Gregor  and  National  Geographic  Societies;  Am- 
erican Legion,  etc.;  compiler  of  numerous  historical  and 
genealogical   sketches. 

N'oTE — Obed  Calvert  (q.  v.)  is  ancestor  of  tlie  Hon.  Jesse 
B.  Calvert  of  Macomb,  111.  The  line  is  as  follows:  Obed  Cal- 
vert, b.  c.  1720;  Jesse  Calvert,  b.  c.  1742,  Maryland;  d.  Manas- 
sas, Va. ;  James,  b.  c.  1767 ;  Jesse,  b.  Anne  Arundel  County, 
Md.,  1793;  d.  Savannah,  Mo.,  1878;  George,  1832-1890;  Jesse 
B.  Calvert,  1868 . 

The  compiler  has  examined  (or  had  examined)  the  court 
records  at  La  Plata,  Leonardtown,  Baltimore,  Marlborough  and 
Annapolis,  Md. ;  Manassas,  Culpeper,  Fairfax,  Orange  and 
Stafford,  Va.  Besides  the  foregoing  authorities,  the  family 
records  of  the  compiler  have  furnished  the  chief  material  for 
this  sketch,  as  well  as  those  of  other  members  of  the  family. 


EXTRACTS   FROM   THE   ANNUAL   REPORT   OF  THE 
GALLERY  COMMITTEE  OF   THE  MARYLAND 
HISTORICAL  SOCIETY 


The  last  annual  Report  of  the  Gallery  Committee  enumerated 
a  vast  number  of  gifts  and  deposits  received  by  the  Society 
during  the  year. 

The  most  important  acquisition  by  the  Society  was  the  col- 
lection of  Confederate  relics  owned  by  the  iConfederate  Sol- 
diers' Home  at  Pikesville;  this  fine  collection  was  presented 


EEPORT    OF    THE    GALLEEY    COMMITTEE.  205 

through  the  efforts  of  Mr.  James  K.  Wheeler,  President  of  the 
Confederate  Home,  and  Mr.  David  Ridgely  Howard,  who  has 
always  taken  an  active  interest  in  the  institution. 

All  of  the  articles  were  given  to  the  Society  with  the  excep- 
tion of  a  camp  chair  that  was  used  by  General  Kobert  E.  Lee ; 
this  did  not  belong  to  the  Confederate  Home  but  its  ovsmer, 
Mrs.  C.  E.  Quartley,  deposited  it  with  the  Society,  notwith- 
standing the  fact  that  five  thousand  dollars  was  offered  for  it 
by  a  ISTew  York  collector. 

The  Confederate  relics  are  too  numerous  to  mention  and 
include  several  portraits  and  crayon  likenesses  of  distinguished 
officers  of  the  Confederate  Army  and  'NaYj. 

Among  the  relics  is  a  case  of  Confederate  uniforms  worn 
by  Maryland  officers,  a  case  containing  side  arms  and  interest- 
ing relics  such  as  flints  issued  to  the  Confederate  soldiers,  etc. 
A  number  of  fine  engravings  depicting  battles  and  skirmishes, 
muster  rolls,  etc. 

At  the  present  time  these  articles  are  deposited  in  the  Civil 
War  Room,  the  fire  proof  room  that  was  formerly  used  as  the 
general  office. 

Largely  through  the  interest  and  generosity  of  Mr.  David 
Ridgely  Howard,  a  fund  has  been  collected  and  turned  over 
to  the  Maryland  Historical  Society  amounting  to  about  one 
thousand  dollars  to  be  invested  and  the  interest  therefrom,  to 
be  used  in  taking  care  of  the  Confederate  relics  received  from 
the  Confederate  Home.  This  fund  was  contributed  by  several 
gentlemen  who  served  in  the  Confederate  Army  and  will  be 
augmented  by  other  contributions. 

It  may  be  interesting  to  mention  that  Maryland  furnished 
to  the  Confederate  Service  three  Major  Generals,  twelve  Brig- 
adier Generals,  two  Admirals,  and  seventeen  general  officers. 


The  Gallery  Committee  suggested  that  a  broadside  should 
be  printed  by  the  Maryland  Historical  Society  and  kept  for 
distribution  among  its  members  and  friends,  setting  forth  the 


206  MARYLAND   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

character  of  articles  acceptable  to  the  Society;  in  substance 
as  follows: 

First :  Portraits  by  celebrated  early  artists  such  as  Hesselius, 
Copley,  Trumbull,  Gilbert  Stuart,  Charles  Willson  Peale,  Ben- 
jamin West,  Sully,  Rembrandt  Peale  or  Jarvis. 

Second:  Portraits  by  lesser  artists,  of  men  distinguished  in 
early  Maryland  or  American  history. 

Third:  Articles  belonging  to  early  Americans,  particularly, 
early  Marylanders,  distinguished  in  military  or  civil  life,  such 
as  commissions,  side-arms,  etc. 

Fourth :  Portraits  of  General  Officers  from  Maryland  in  the 
Civil  War  and  articles  of  rare  interest  relating  to  the  Civil 
War. 

Fifth:  Unique  examples  of  old  foreign  or  colonial  silver 
owned  by  Marylanders  and  examples  of  Maryland  silver  made 
before  1820. 

Sixth:  Rare  old  prints  and  wood  cuts  relating  to  the  early 
history  of  this  country,  particularly  relating  to  Maiyland  or 
the  City  of  Baltimore. 

In  rare  instances,  the  Society  will  accept  early  examples  of 
fine  furniture,  particularly  if  it  had  been  the  property  of  men 
distinguished  in  the  military  or  civil  life  of  Maryland. 

The  Maryland  Historical  Society  will  not  accept  anything 
simply  because  it  is  old,  an  accepted  article  must  either  be 
unique  or  intrinsically  valuable  or  valuable  because  of  the 
historical  interest  associated  with  it. 

The  Society  will  not  receive  any  articles  unless  they  are 
favorably  passed  upon  by  the  respective  committees  to  which 
the  proposed  gift  is  referred. 

In  addition  to  this  should  be  added  the  character  of  books, 
manuscripts,  etc.,  acceptable  to  the  Library  Committee. 


Vol.  XVI  SEPTEMBER,    1921  No.  3 

MARYLAND 

HISTORICAL 

MAGAZINE 


PUBLISHED  BY 

THE  MARYLAND  fflSTORICAL  SOCIETY 


ISSUED    QUARTERLY 

.ANNUAL  SUBSCRIPTtON.$3.00-SINGLENVHBEBS,75cTS., 


BALTIMORE 


FORM  OF  BEQUEST 


"/  give  and  bequeath  to  The  Maryland  Historical 
Society  the  sum  of. dollars  " 


ARCHIVES  OF  MARYLAND 

Published,   by   a\atliority   ot   the   State 


VOLUME  XL 


This  volume  is  ready  for  distribution  and  contains  the  Acts  and 
Proceedings  of  the  General  Assembly  of  the  Province,  during  the 
Sessions  held  from  1737  to  1740.  During  this  period,  Samuel  Ogle 
was  Governor  and  he  met  difficult  situations  with  tact  and  firmness. 
It  was  a  time  of  dissension  between  the  two  Houses  and  Sessions 
were  often  dissolved  without  any  laws  being  passed. 

At  the  Session  held  in  April  and  May  1737,  Benjamin  Tasker  was 
President  of  the  Upper  House  and  James  Harris,  Speaker  of  the 
Lower  one.  It  was  the  third  Session  of  the  Assembly  elected  in 
1734  and  was  a  rather  peaceful  one.  Addresses  to  the  King  and  the 
Prince  of  Wales  were  adopted  on  account  of  the  marriage  of  the 
latter.  The  Upper  House  refused  to  pass  the  Journal  of  Accounts, 
because  the  Lower  one  would  not  appropriate  money  for  the  Chief 
Justice  of  the  Provincial  Court.  There  are  signs  of  the  settlement 
of  the  "  remote  and  back  part  of  the  Province."  The  growing  grain 
trade  is  shown  by  a  vote  to  permit  inhabitants,  who  were  not  tobacco- 
makers,  to  pay  in  specie  instead  of  in  tobacco. 

In  August  1737,  a  very  great  drought  caused  a  brief  Session  to 
prohibit  the  exportation  of  grain.  The  Pennsylvania  border  troubles 
took  up  some  time.  Richard  Tilghman  became  President  of  the 
Council. 

A  new  Assembly  met  in  1738  and  a  childish  quarrel  arose,  in 
which  the  Lower  House  stood  upon  its  dignity  because  of  the  manner 
in  which  a  message  from  the  Upper  House  was  sent.  Consequently, 
no  laws  were  passed.  Colonel  John  Mackall  was  Speaker  and 
Matthew  Tilghman  Ward,  President  of  the  Upper  House.  Some 
of  the  officials  in  Dorchester  and  Talbot  had  to  answer  charges  of 
oppression  and  extortion  before  the  Lower  House. 

In  1739,  a  new  Assembly  held  a  session  and  again  passed  no  laws. 
The  Lower  House  again  showed  itself  irritable  and  irascible  and 
also  refused,  as  usual,  to  pass  a  perpetual  law  as  to  fees.  The 
Delegates  finally  refused  to  continue  the  temporary  laws  and  Ogle 
refused  to  sign  any  laws  passed,  lest  the  meeting  should  become  a 
Session  and  then  terminate  these  laws. 

A  third  new  Assembly  met  early  in  1740  and  managed  to  pass 
one  law  for  the  raising  of  troops  to  serve  in  the  war  between  England 
and  Spain.  The  Lower  House  chose  Philip  Hammond  of  Anne 
Arundel  County  as  Speaker  and  showed  itself  very  much  afraid 
that  it  should  be  overruled  by  the  Upper  one.  It  also  adopted  an 
address  to  the  King,  reciting  grievances,  and  was  insistent  upon  a 
claim  to  have  an  agent  appointed  in  England. 

It  is  expected  that  volume  XLI  will  continue  the  Judicial  Business 
of  the  Provincial  Court  from  1658,  being  the  third  volume  of  the 
Court  Report  Series. 


THE    MARYLAND 
HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 


INCORPORATED    1843. 


OFFICERS. 

President, 

W.  HALL  HARRIS. 

Vice-Presidents, 

HENRY   STOCKBRIDGE,  DbCOURCY   W.   THOM, 

VAN  LEAR  BLACK. 

Corresponding  Secretary,  Recording  Secretary, 

J.  APPLETON  WILSON,  GEORGE  L.  RADCLIFFE. 

Treasurer, 
HEYWARD  E.  BOYCE. 

THE   COUNCIL. 

The  Geneeal  Officers 

AND    RePBESENTATIVES    OF    STANDING    COMMITTEES: 

CLINTON  L.  RIGGS,  Representing  the  Trustees  of  the  Athenaeum. 


JOHN  M.  VINCENT, 
RICHARD  M.  DUVALL, 
PHILLIPS  L.  GOLDSBOROUGH, 
McHENRY  HOWARD, 
RUXTON  M.  RIDGELY, 
JAMES  McC.  TRIPPE, 
BERNARD  B.  BROWNE,  M.  D. 


Committee  on  Publication. 
Committee  on  the  Library. 
Committee  on  Finance. 
Committee  on  Membership. 
Committee  on  the  Gallery. 
Committee  on  Addresses. 
Committee  on  Genealogy. 


1866. 
1892. 
1909. 
1915. 
1916. 
1916. 
1916. 

1919. 
1920. 


BENEFACTORS  OF  THE  SOCIETY. 

GEORGE  PEABODY, Gift, $20,000 

J.  HENRY  STICKNEY, Bequest,  ....         1,000 

ISAAC  F.  NICHOLSON, Gift, 1,000 

MENDES  COHEN, Bequest,  ....         5,000 

ISAAC  HENRY  FORD, Bequest,  ....         1,000 

ISAAC  TYSON  NORRIS, Gift, 1,000 

MRS.  MARY  WASHINGTON  KEYSER, 

Gift  of  the  buildings  and  grounds  of  the  Society. 
MISS  ELEANOR  S.  COHEN,  .  .  Historical  Relics  and  $300 
HON.   HENRY   STOCKBRIDGE,       .     Gift,        ....        1,000 


CONTENTS. 


Page 

The   Baltimore   County   "  Gabbison  "   and  the   Old  Gaebison 

Roads.    Pabt  II.  William  B.  Marye, 207 

The  Life  of  Thomas  Johnson.    Edward  8.  Delaplaine,        •        -  260 

Notes  fbom  the  Early  Records  of  Maryland.    Jane  Baldwin 

Cotton, 279 

Catonsville  Biogbaphies.    George  C.  Keidel,        ....  299 

The  Calvebt  Family.  Pabt  III.  John  Bailey  Calvert  NicTclin,        •  313 


Committee  on  Publications 

SAMUEL  K.  DENNIS,  Chairman. 
JOHN  M.  VINCENT,  BERNARD  C.  STEINER. 


LOUIS  H.  DIELMAN, 
Editor. 


MAEYLAND 
HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE 

Vol.  XVI.  SEPTEMBER,  1921.  No.  3 

THE  BALTIMORE  COUNTY  "GARRISON"  AND  THE 
OLD  GARRISON  ROADS 

William  B.  Marye 


Part  II 
Theory  of  the  Seneca  Indian  Road 

When  we  try  to  trace  the  course  of  the  rangers'  road  which 
ran  west  from  the  Garrison  to  the  Great  Falls  of  Patapsco  River, 
we  have  to  depend  solely  on  Captain  John  Oldton's  own  descrip- 
tion of  this  road ;  for,  so  far  as  this  author  is  aware,  there  exists, 
outside  of  the  captain's  two  reports,  not  a  single  substantial  clue 
in  the  old  records  which  might  serve  to  guide  us. 

We  can  only  note  the  fact  of  the  existence,  more  than  forty 
years  after  the  date  of  Captain  Oldton's  reports,  of  a  road 
called  "  The  Soldier's  Road,"  without  being  able  to  identify  it 
with  any  modern  road.  An  order  of  the  Baltimore  County 
Court,  dated  in  August,  1740,  directs  that  a  road  be  cleared 
"  from  John  Paca's  quarter  to  Colonel  William  Hammond's 
quarter  and  there  to  intersect  the  Soldiers  Road  and  to  keep 
the  top  of  the  ridge  from  John  Bakers  until  it  intersects  the 
said  road  from  Hammond's  quarter."  (Baltimore  County 
Court  Proceedings,  Liber  T.  R.  N'o.  2  ( ?),  1739-1740,  f.  293.) 

Captain  Oldton's  two  reports  agree  in  attributing  to  this  gar- 
rison road  a  length  of  twenty  miles.    The  earliest  report  (1696) 

207 


208  MARYLAND    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

reads :  "  From  the  Garrison  to  a  Cabin  between  Judwins  Falls 
(Gwinn's  Falls)  and  the  main  falls  of  Patapsco  a  west  course 
10  miles,  then  a  west  course  to  the  main  falls  of  Patapsco  10 
miles  more."  In  the  second  report  (1697)  the  road  to  Patap- 
sco Falls  is  thus  described:  "ffrom  our  Garrison  to  Potapsco 
20  miles,  thus  to  Guins  falls  four  miles,  thence  to  a  branch  of 
the  same  falls  four  miles,  thence  to  Potapsco  main  falls  twelve 
miles." 

It  is  difficult  to  understand  how  even  the  crookedest  road, 
running  from  the  known  site  of  the  Garrison  to  Patapsco  Falls, 
and  tending  in  a  westerly  direction,  could  reasonably  have  had 
a  length  of  twenty  miles.  Captain  Oldton  may  have  overesti- 
mated the  distance ;  although  this  seems  to  be  the  only  instance 
in  which  he  was  guilty  of  exaggeration  to  any  very  palpable 
extent. 

The  lengths  ascribed  to  those  two  sections  of  the  road  which 
lay  between  the  Garrison  and  Gwinn's  Falls  and  between 
Gwinn's  Falls  and  a  branch  of  the  same — four  miles  in  each 
case — present  no  difficulties  whatever.  Captain  Oldton's  error 
— if,  indeed,  he  committed  any  error — appears  to  lie  in  his 
estimation  of  the  distance  between  the  branch  of  Gwinn's  Falls 
and  the  Main  Falls  of  Patapsco  River,  between  the  "  cabin  " 
and  Patapsco  Falls. 

An  explanation  which  relieves  Captain  Oldton's  report  of 
all  suspicion  of  gross  inaccuracy  may  be  found  in  the  theory 
that  the  road  from  the  Garrison  westward  crossed  the  North 
Branch  of  Patapsco  Falls,  and  went  as  far  west  as  the  South 
Branch,  known  in  eighteenth  century  records  as  the  Western 
or  Delaware  Falls  of  Patapsco.  It  seems  not  improbable  that 
somewhere  on  the  South  Branch  the  road  from  the  Baltimore 
County  Garrison  met  the  two  roads  of  the  Potomac  River 
rangers — the  road  which  went  from  the  Patapsco  to  the  Garri- 
son on  Potomac  River  and  that  which  led  from  Patapsco  to 
the  Sugar  Lands  on  Potomac.^ 

To  what  branch  of  Gwinn's  Falls  did  Captain  Oldton  refer 

*  Maryland  Historical  Magazine,  June,  1921,  p.  125,  note. 


THE    BALTIMORE    COUNTY    "  GARRISON."  209 

in  his  second  report  ?  I  am  inclined  to  believe  that  he  referred 
to  a  stream  which,  in  eighteenth  century  records,  is  called  either 
hj  the  name  of  Red  Run,  or  by  that  of  Soldiers  Delight  Branch,^ 
but  is  known  today  only  by  the  former  name.  The  choice, 
however,  seems  to  lie  between  Red  Run,  Horsehead  Branch  and 
Scutt's  Level  Branch. 

The  road,  which  was  later  known  as  the  Old  Indian  Road, 
and  led  from  the  neighborhood  of  the  Garrison  to  Patapsco 
Falls,  probably  existed  long  before  Captain  Oldton's  time,  and 
may  have  been  used  by  the  Baltimore  County  rangers  in  rang- 
ing westward;  but  it  does  not  appear  to  be  that  road  which  is 
described  in  Captain  Oldton's  reports.  Oaptain  Oldton  esti- 
mates the  distance  on  his  road  between  Gwinn's  Falls  and  a 
branch  of  the  said  falls  as  four  miles.  The  distance  between 
Gwinn's  Falls  and  Scutt's  Level  Branch  by  the  Indian  Road 
was  probably  less  than  two  miles. 

In  his  delightful  description  of  Soldiers  Delight  Hundred 
the  late  Mr.  Edward  Spencer  advances  the  theory  that  the  name 
of  Soldiers  Delight  originated  with  the  Baltimore  County 
Rangers,  who  "  christened  "  the  region  in  a  spirit  of  irony, 
because  of  its  impenetrable  thickets  of  blackberry  bushes  and 
greenbriars.^     That  there   is  latent   irony   in  the   name  this 

'  The  fact  that  these  two  names  belonged  to  one  and  the  same  stream 
is  proved  by  the  desf^ription  of  a  tract  called  ''  Timbered  Level,"  surveyed 
for  Samuel  Owings  November  4th,  1746,  which  will  be  found  on  page  180 
of  a  manuscript  book  entitled  "  Collection  of  Land  Cettificates  Chiefly  in 
Baltimore  and  Anne  Arundell  Counties,  to  which  is  Added  a  List  of 
Postponed  Certificates  from  the  Years  1703  to  1734."  This  book  bears 
the  date  1766  and  belonged  to  Barrister  Carroll.  It  is  now  the  property 
of  Mr.  Alexander  Preston.  "  Timbered  Level  "  is  there  described  as  begin- 
ning "  at  a  bounded  chestnut  tree  by  a  parcell  of  black  and  Spanish  oaks 
(supposed  to  be  the  bounds  of  Edmond  Howard's  land)  on  the  side  of 
the  point  of  a  hill  which  descends  into  the  Red  Run  or  Soldiers  Delight 
Branch,  etc.,  etc."  The  certificate  of  "  Timbered  Level "  at  Annapolis 
contains  no  mention  of  Red  Run. 

' "  Soldier's  Delight  Hundred  in  Baltimore  County  "  by  Edward  Spencer, 
Maryland  Historical  Magazine,  Volume  1.  The  author  of  this  article 
shows  a  very  rare  appreciation  of  the  charm  of  desolate  waste  places,  of 
the  peculiar  beauty  and  mystery  of  stunted  woods  extending  for  miles 


210  MAEYLAND   HISTOEICAL    MAGAZINE. 

author  ventures  to  doubt ;  ^  but,  in  seeing  a  connection  between 
it  and  the  Baltimore  County  rangers,  Mr.  Spencer  was  proba- 
bly correct ;  for  there  is  every  reason  to  suppose  that  the  rangers' 
road  to  Patapsco  Falls  passed  over  this  once  extensive  tract  of 
barren  land,  and  not  unlikely  that  the  rangers  bestowed  upon 
it  the  title  it  bears  today.  What  seems  to  be  the  earliest  re- 
corded allusion  to  the  place  will  be  found  in  the  certificate  of 
survey  of  a  tract  of  land  called  "  Howard's  Fancy,"  which 
was  laid  out  for  Joshua  Howard  on  the  5th  of  July,  1Y22.^ 
Failure  to  find  earlier  mention  of  the  Soldiers  Delight  may  be 
ascribed  to  the  fact  that,  until  vacant  land  in  the  lower  parts  of 
Baltimore  County  began  to  become  scarce,  and  until  the  mineral 
deposits  of  regions  like  Soldiers  Delight  began  to  be  appreciated, 
such  localities  were  avoided  by  persons  taking  up  land ;  and  it 
is  to  the  descriptions  of  surveys  that  we  owe  the  record  of  most 
of  our  early  place-names,  which  otherwise  come  down  to  us 
from  the  past  by  word  of  mouth,  and  may  escape  being  recorded 
in  any  document,  either  ancient  or  recent.^ 

over  poor,  stony  ground.  He  exhibits  a  fine  regard  for  the  quaint  old 
place-names  which  have  sprung  from  men's  experience  in  the  wilderness 
which  he  describes. 

*  Place-names  do  exist  around  us,  however,  in  which  there  is  irony.  An 
example  appears  to  be  that  of  "  Feather-bed  Lane,"  a  stretch  of  the  old 
Joppa  or  Rolling  Road  which  lies  between  Kingsville  and  Fork  in  the 
Eleventh  District  of  Baltimore  County.  This  road  was  once  one  of  the 
worst  in  the  county;  but  about  twenty- five  years  ago  it  was  macadamized, 
and  was  then  for  a  time  considered  the  county's  best  road.  The  propri- 
etors of  Record's  fertilizer  works  on  the  Little  Falls  of  Gunpowder  River 
put  up  a  sign  at  Kingsville  which  read :  "  This  is  Sunshine  Avenue.  Rec- 
ord's, Three  Miles."  A  title  more  inane,  more  banal,  it  would  be  impossible 
to  imagine;  but  "Sunshine  Avenue"  achieved  instant  popularity,  and  as 
"  Sunshine  Avenue  "  the  road  between  Kingsville  and  Fork  is  known  to 
this   day. 

" "  Howard's  Fancy  "  is  thus  described :  "  Lying  in  Baltimore  County,  on 
the  south  side  of  Gwinn's  Falls,  beginning  at  two  bounded  red  oaks  and 
two  bounded  Spanish  oaks  standing  on  a  point  on  the  south  side  of  a 
branch  descending  from  the  Soldiers  Delight  into  the  aforesaid  falls."  A 
hill  called  "  Soldiers  Delight  Hill  "  is  mentioned  in  the  survey  of  a  tract 
called  "  Murray's  Farm  "  laid  out  for  Josephus  Murray.  This  hill  lies 
not  more  than  three  miles  north-east  of  Woodensburg.  The  connection 
between  this  hill  and  Soldiers  Delight  is  not  apparent. 

•An  example  of  a  place-name  which,  so  far  as  I  am  aware,  is  found  in 


THE    BALTIMORE    COUNTY    "  GAEKISON."  211 

From  the  western  end,  or  from  somewhere  near  the  end  of 
the  road  which  ran  from  the  Garrison  to  Patapsco  Falls,  a  road 
ran  down  through  what  is  now  the  western  or  south-western 
part  of  Baltimore  County  to  what  were  in  1697  the  frontier 
plantations.  This  road,  according  to  Captain  Oldton's  report, 
was  fourteen  miles  in  length.  Whether  this  road  is  traceable 
today,  whether  all  or  any  part  of  it  still  exists,  is  a  question  the 
discussion  of  which  had  best  be  reserved  until  we  have  disposed 
of  more  certain  things. 

Of  all  the  roads  over  which  the  Baltimore  County  rangers 
traveled  in  their  patrol  of  the  wilderness  there  remains  but  one 
which  at  the  present  day  can  be  followed  almost  from  end  to 
end,  and  of  which,  beyond  all  possibility  of  doubt,  fragments 
still  exist  and  are  still  in  use ;  and  this  is  the  only  known  "  gar- 
rison "  road  of  which  Captain  Oldton  makes  no  mention  in 
his  reports.  This  road  was  evidently  the  way  by  which  the 
rangers  returned  to  the  Garrison  from  their  excursions  to  the 
westward,  and  it  was  probably,  in  part  at  least,  the  "  short-cut  " 
by  which  provisions,  munitions  and  building  materials  were 
carried  to  the  fort,  and  the  road  taken  by  the  rangers  when  they 
went  home  on  leave  of  absence. 

The  author  has  quoted  elsewhere  in  this  series  of  articles  an 
order  of  the  Baltimore  County  Court,  dated  June,  1738,  and 
directed  to  Christopher  Gist,  "  to  clear  the  old  Indian  Road 
from  the  Garrison  Road  down  by  Captain  John  Risteaus  to  go 
by  the  head  of  the  Western  Glade,  etc.''^  The  "  Garrison  Road," 
to  which  allusion  is  made  in  this  order  of  court,  is  that  which 
we  shall  now  endeavor  to  trace,  the  road  which  led  back  to  the 
Garrison  from  the  settlements,  or  that  part  of  it  which  lies 
above  the  Old  Court  Road.  The  road  still  known  as  the  Garri- 
son Road,  which  runs  between  the  Old  Court  Road  and  Steven- 
no  extant  record,  but  is  none  the  less  probably  a  very  old  name,  is  that  of 
the  Devil's  Dancing  Ground  or  Devil's  Woodyard,  a  bare  spot  in  Bush  Kiver 
Neck,  at  the  head  of  Abby  Island  Creek,  where,  it  is  said,  nothing  will 
grow. 

' "  The  Old  Indian  Road,"  Part  II,  Maryland  Eistorical  Magazine,  Sep- 
tember,  1920,   p.   219. 


212  MARYLAND   HISTOKICAL,   MAGAZINE. 

son  Station,  is  certainly  the  modern  representative  and  legiti- 
mate heir  of  this  ancient  Garrison  Road,  whether  it  does,  or 
does  not,  follow  exactly  the  same  course.^  This  road  at  present 
passes  some  distance  to  the  westward  of  the  site  of  the  Garrison. 
Originally,  we  may  suppose,  it  intersected  the  road  which  went 
from  the  Garrison  to  Patapsco  Falls,  if  it  did  not  itself  lead 
direct  to  the  Garrison. 

To  sections  of  the  Garrison  Road  which  lie  south  of  the 
Old  Court  Road  references  exist  which  are  almost  contemporary 
with  the  dates  of  Captain  Oldton's  reports. 

A  tract  of  land  called  "  Christian's  Deary,"  surveyed  for  one 
John  Christian  December  1st,  1699,  is  described  as  beginning 
"  at  a  bounded  black  oak  standing  by  a  small  pocoson  (Indian 
word  for  swamp — ^W.  B.  M.)  on  the  north  side  of  the  Garrison 
road."     This  land  was  later   (June  26th,   1746)   resurveyed, 

^  George  Risteau,  son  of  Captain  John  Risteau,  had  the  course  of  a 
road  in  this  immediate  neighborhood  altered  in  the  year  1758;  but  it  is 
uncertain  what  road  was  thus  changed.  His  lands  embraced  the  site  of 
the  Garrison  and  the  upper  part  of  the  present  Garrison  Road.  In  March, 
1758,  he  presented  to  the  Baltimore  County  Court  a  petition  in  which  he 
states  that  he  has  "  a  road  that  goes  through  his  land  and  by  turning  of 
it  a  small  distance  can  make  the  said  Road  a  better  and  nigher  way"; 
and  he  requests  permission  to  have  the  road  diverted.  The  Couijt  ap- 
pointed William  Rogers  and  Nicholas  Ruxton  Gay,  Gentlemen,  to  view 
the  road,  who  in  June,  1758,  made  report  as  follows: 

"  We  the  Subscribers  being  appointed  by  Baltimore  County  Court  to 
view  the  road  lately  Petitioned  for  by  George  Risteau  to  be  altered  and 
made  as  convenient  as  the  former  Road  do  say  that  if  the  said  Road  is 
turned  or  altered  in  the  manner  as  the  said  George  Risteau  proposeth  and 
sheweth  to  us  It  would  be  rather  better  and  more  level  than  the  old 
road  and  as  nigh  or  nigher  in  our  opinion  and  that  the  turning  or 
altering  the  said  road  as  prayed  for  by  the  said  Risteau  would  ease  the  said 
Risteau  of  the  expense  of  a  long  lane  through  his  Plantation  or  keeping  of 
two  gates,  etc.,  etc."  The  petition  was  granted,  but  the  petitioner  was 
ordered  to  clear  the  new  road  at  his  own  expense.  (Baltimore  County 
Court  Proceedings,  "Sessions,"  1757,  June  Court,  1758,  f.  127-128).  The 
change  in  the  road  must  have  been  considerable  to  eliminate  a  long  lane. 
It  is  not  easy  to  see  where  such  a  change  could  have  been  made  in  the 
Garrison  Road  within  the  Risteau  lands.  A  map  of  these  lands  will  be 
found  with  the  author's  "  The  Old  Indian  Road,"  Part  II,  in  the  September, 
1920,  number  of  this  Magazine. 


THE    BALTIMORE    COUNTY    "  GAEEISON."  213 

together  with  "  Cromwell's  Island "  (surveyed  for  Thomas 
Cromwell  October  19th,  1702),  for  Captain  Darby  Lux,  and 
called  "  Darbyshire." 

The  beginning  of  "  Christian's  Deary  "  (which  is  also  the 
beginning  of  "  Darbyshire  "  and  of  "  Deer  Park  ")  lies,  as  well 
as  I  can  determine,  about  half  a  mile  due  south  of  the  Old  Court 
Road,  and  about  the  same  distance  due  east  of  the  Western 
Run  of  Jones  Falls.  There  does  not  seem  to  be  any  road  at 
this  point  today  of  sufficient  antiquity  to  be  identified  with  the 
original  Garrison  Road,  and  the  point  lies  too  far  to  the  east 
to  have  any  obvious  relationship  with  the  present  Garrison  Road 
which  runs  from  the  Court  Road  to  Stevenson  Station ;  and  this 
may  be  taken  as  evidence  that  the  present  Garrison  Road  does 
not  follow  the  course  of  the  original  road.® 

•  The  surveyor,  in  laying  out  "  Darbyshire,"  found  it  necessary  to  run 
out  the  lines  of  "  Cromwell's  Island,"  which  he  describes  as  follows : 
"  Beginning  for  '  Cromwell's  Island '  at  a  bounded  white  oak  standing  by 
a  bounded  red  oak  (now  down)  which  said  red  oak  is  deemed  to  be  tlie 
original  beginning  tree  of  said  land  and  lies  by  a  branch  side  on  the 
west  side  of  the  main  road  leading  to  the  Garrison  from  Baltimore  Town." 
It  is  possible  that  neither  the  beginning  of  "  Cromwell's  Island  "  nor  that 
of  "  Christian's  Deary "  stood  directly  by  the  Garrison  Eoad,  but  that 
the  Garrison  Road  ran  between  the  two  points,  which  lie  about  half  a 
mile  apart.  This  section  of  the  Garrison  Eoad  is  referred  to  in  the 
description  of  a  tract  called  "  Bedford  Resurveyed,"  which  was  laid  out 
for  Mathew  Coulter  April  6th,  1732,  "  lying  in  Baltimore  County,  be- 
tween the  Garrison  Eoad  and  Gwinns  Falls."  The  town  of  Pikesville 
stands  on  a  part  of  this  tract. 

The  foregoing  reference  to  the  Garrison  Eoad  as  a  main  road  leading 
to  Baltimore  Town  is  misleading.  The  Garrison  Eoad  which  we  are  now 
tracing  never  led  to  the  original  site  of  Baltimore,  although  it  apparently 
had  branches  which  led  in  that  direction  even  before  the  town  was  laid 
out  in  1729.  Certain  it  is  that  long  before  the  middle  of  the  eighteenth 
century  a  road  branched  off  from  the  Garrison  Eoad,  probably  near  Hooka- 
town,  or  where  the  present  Eeisterstown  Turnpike  and  Garrison  Avenue 
come  together,  and  passed  into  Baltimore  Town  by  the  site  of  Druid  Hill 
Park.  This  road  may,  I  believe,  be  regarded  as  the  predecessor  of  the 
Eeisterstown  Eoad  between  the  City  and  Hookstown.  It  gave  its  name 
to  the  Garrison  Eoad  above  where  the  two  roads  joined.  Thus  a  tract 
called  "  North  Carolina,"  surveyed  for  James  Eichards  July  15th,  1746, 
which  adjoins  "  Darbyshire  "  on  the  south,  and  lies  between  "  Darbyshire  " 
and  "  Pemblicoe,"  begins  "  on  the  north  side  of  a  small  stony  branch  or 


214  MARYLAND    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

On  April  26th,  1699,  there  was  laid  out  for  Captain  John 
Oldton  and  Thomas  Hedge  in  partnership  a  tract  of  eight  hun- 
dred acres  called  "  Pemblicoe,"  which  is  described  as  follows : 

glade  and  on  the  east  side  of  the  great  road  leading  from  Baltimore  Town 
to  the  Garrison  Ridge."  The  road  thus  described  is  certainly  the  Gar- 
rison Road. 

A  tract  called  "  Cole's  Adventure  "  is  described  in  a  deed  dated  1773 
as  situated  "  on  the  great  road  leading  from  Baltimore  Town  to  the 
Garrison  Forest"  (Balto.  Co.  Land  Records,  Liber  A.  L.  No.  G.,  f.  370). 
This  land  lies  on  the  west  side  of  the  Reisterstown  Turnpike,  and  runs  as 
far  north  as  the  intersection  of  that  road  and  Garrison  Avenue.  The 
former  road  is  evidently  the  road  described  in  the  deed. 

In  the  year  1756  the  Baltimore  County  Court  "  continued  "  John  Dem- 
mett  overseer  of  the  following  roads :  "  of  the  road  from  the  widow 
Butler's  to  Baltimore  Town  Gateway  and  from  Baltimore  Town  to  the 
Falls  at  Jonathan  Hanson's  old  mill "  ( Balto.  Co.  Court  Proceedings 
Liber  B.  B.  No.  C,  November  Court,  1756).  The  "widow  Butler"  was 
the  widow  of  Henry  Butler,  whose  residence  was  on  a  tract  called  "  The 
Hope,"  which  was  surveyed  for  him  February  27th,  1704.  It  lies  on  the 
Garrison  Road  (which,  however,  is  not  mentioned  in  the  survey)  adjacent 
to  the  north-west  corner  of  the  "  Pemblico  "  tract,  and  a  part  of  this  land 
was  taken  away  by  "  Pemblicoe "  which  was  an  elder  survey.  The  site 
of  Hanson's  mill  is  now  covered  by  the  Fallsway. 

In  November,  1733,  the  court  appointed  Samuel  Owings  overseer  "  of  the 
roads  from  Henry  Butlers  up  by  the  Garrison  to  the  North  Run  and  from 
said  Butlers  by  George  Oggs  and  James  Wells  to  Gwins  Falls,  etc."  ("The 
Old  Indian  Road,  Part  II,  Maryland  Historical  Magazine,  September, 
1920,  p.  208).  The  roads  here  alluded  to  were  the  Garrison  Road  as  far 
as  the  Garrison  and  a  continuation  of  the  same  to  the  North  Run  of  Jones 
Falls,  and  a  road  which  diverged  from  the  Garrison  Road  somewhere 
south  of  Pikesville,  and  ran  north-west  to  and  across  the  lands  which 
belonged  to  George  Ogg  in  1733,  the  present  Craddock  place,  "  Trentham."' 
This  last  road  was  the  predecessor  of  the  Reisterstown  Turnpike  in  that 
locality.  Additional  information  about  it  will  be  found  in  my  second 
article  on  the  "  Old  Indian  Road." 

In  November,  1754,  the  court  appointed  Joseph  Cromwell  overseer  of 
the  following  roads :  "  From  Samuel  Owings  until  it  intersects  the  main 
wagon  road  by  the  widow  Butler's  from  Thomas  Bond's  to  Jones  Falls 
and  from  Monk's  untill  it  intersects  the  waggon  road  to  Baltimore  Town 
near  the  Widow  Buchanan's"  (Balto.  Co.  Court  Proceedings,  Liber  B.  B. 
No.  A.,  f.  443).  Eleanor  Buchanan,  widow  of  Dr.  George  Buchanan,  was 
then  living  on  the  Buchanan  estate,  "  Auchentoroly,"  which  was  on  the 
site  of  Druid  Hill  Park. 

In  the  year  1754  Cornelius  Howard  had  a  land  commission  on  the  tract 
called  "  Lunn's  Lott,"  now  in  the  heart  of  Baltimore  City.     Before  this 


THE    BALTIMORE    COUNTY    "  GARRISON."  215 

"  Lying  on  the  north  side  of  Pattapsco  River  and  on  the  west 
side  of  Jones  Falls  in  the  woods  below  the  Garrison,  beginning 
at  a  bounded  hickory  on  the  west  side  of  the  Garrison  road, 

commission  William  Parish,  a  Quaker,  made  the  following  affirmation: 
"  being  at  one  other  place  near  the  head  of  a  branch  and  on  the  south 
side  of  the  main  road  leading  from  Baltimore  Town  towards  the  Garrison 
Forrest  and  a  little  below  Mr.  William  Lux's  dwelling  house  and  where 
we  have  now  set  up  a  stone  which  said  dwelling  house  bears  therefrom 
north  85  degrees  west,  this  aflSrmant  declares  that  he  was  at  this  place 
some  years  agoe  in  company  with  Mr.  Richard  Gist  late  of  this  county 
deceased  and  then  there  was  a  bounded  hickory  standing  and  the  said  R** 
Gist  told  this  aflSrmant  that  the  said  bounded  hickory  was  a  bounded  tree 
of  Lun's  Lott "  (Balto.  Co.  Court  Proceedings,  Land  Commissions,  Liber 
H.  W.  S.  No.  4,  273).  We  are  further  informed  that  William  Lux's 
dwelling  house  was  formerly  the  dwelling  house  of  Dr.  George  Walker, 
and  that  it  stood  on  a  tract  adjacent  to  "  Lunn's  Lott."  This  was  the 
Chatsworth  mansion,  which,  with  a  large  plantation,  William  Lux 
inherited  from  his  father-in-law.  Dr.  George  Walker.  The  situation  of 
"  Chatsworth,"  as  surveyed  for  William  Lux,  and  of  "  Lunn's  Lott  "  is 
shown  on  a  map  of  surveys  and  resurveys  which  lie  within  the  limits  of 
Baltimore  City,  published  in  Scharf's  History  of  Baltimore  County. 

In  August,  1728,  the  court  appointed  Henry  Butler  overseer  of  the  roads 
"  from  Patapsco  Ferry  (probably  at  the  Ferry  Point,  now  Ferry  Bar,  on 
the  Middle  Branch;  otherwise  at  Gorsuch's  Point,  now  Lazaretto)  to 
Jones  Falls  at  Mary  Hansons  mill,  from  the  said  Mill  to  Guinns  Falls, 
from  the  same  Mill  to  Guinns  falls  leading  to  the  main  falls  above 
Christopher  Randalls  plantation,  from  the  Garrison  Ridge  to  the  Rowling 
landing  at  Guinns  falls  and  from  the  said  Ridge  to  Mary  Hansons  the 
church  road  "  (Balto.  Co.  Court  Proceedings,  Liber  I.  W.  S.  No.  6,  1728- 
1730,  f.  26). 

The  earliest  mill  erected  by  Jonathan  Hanson  on  Jones  Falls  stood  in 
the  neighborhood  of  Bath  Street,  where  the  ford  of  the  old  Main  Road 
(Philadelphia,  Joppa  or  Post  Road)  crossed  the  Falls,  on  part  of  "Cole's 
Harbour  "  or  "  Todd's  Range  "  conveyed  to  Jonathan  Hanson,  millwright, 
by  Charles  Carroll  June  9th,  1711.  Old  Saint  Paul's  church  stood  near 
the  intersection  of  the  North  Point  and  Sollers'  Point  Roads,  in  Patapsco 
Neck,  on  Colegate's  Creek.  This  "  church  road  "  from  the  Garrison  Ridge 
to  Mary  Hansons'  I  would  identify  with  the  "  main  road  leading  from 
Baltimore  Town  towards  the  Garrison  Forrest  "  of  later  records,  or  as  a 
branch  of  the  Garrison  Road,  which  led  from  about  the  site  of  Hookstown 
down  across  the  central  parts  of  what  is  now  Baltimore  City,  to  intersect 
the  old  Main  or  Philadelphia  Road  at  Jones  Falls. 

This  road  I  would  also  identify  with  a  road  which  led  from  Henry 
Butler's  (which  was  on  the  main  Garrison  Road)  to  Walker's  Mill, 
mentioned  in  an  order  of  Baltimore  County  court  dated  November,  1733. 


216  MARYLAND   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

thence  south-east  by  south  320  perches  to  a  bounded  white  oak 
on  the  east  side  of  the  said  road,  then  east  and  by  north  one  and 
one  half  degrees  north  130  perches,  north  east  198  perches, 

( "  The  Old  Indian  Road,"  Part  2,  p.  209,  Maryland  Historical  Magazine, 
September,  1920.)  The  same  year  and  month — ^November,  1733 — ^William 
Rogers  was  appointed  overseer  of  the  roads  "  from  the  old  church  ( i.  e.. 
Saint  Paul's,  in  Patapsco  Neck)   to  Walker's  Mill  and  from  the  said  Mill 

to  the  Herring  Run"   (Balto.  Co.  Court  Proceedings,  Liber  ,  1733- 

1734,  f.  188). 

On  July  6th,  1733,  Dr.  George  Walker  and  Jonathan  Hanson  obtained 
a  writ  of  ad  quod  damnum  on  twenty  acres  of  land  on  both  sides  of  Jones 
Falls  for  the  purpose  of  erecting  a  mill.  Ten  acres  of  this  tract  they 
already  possessed.  The  tract  names  are  not  given.  (Chancery  Record, 
Liber  I.  R.  No.  2,  f.  652.)  Hanson  already  owned  the  thirty  acres  of 
"  Cole's  Harbour "  which  he  purchased  of  Charles  Carroll,  and,  farther 
up  Jones  Falls,  two  hundred  acres  called  "  Mount  Royal,"  surveyed  for 
him  in  1720  on  escheated  land  called  "  Saint  Mary's  Bow."  About  the 
middle  of  the  eighteenth  century  Edward  Fell  had  granted  to  him  for 
a  mill  site,  under  a  writ  of  ad  quod  damnum,  a  parcell  of  land  composed 
of  parts  of  "  Lunn's  Lott,"  "  Cole's  Harbour  "  or  "  Todd's  Range "  and 
"  Roger's  Inspection,"  beginning  at  the  first  boundary  of  the  land 
granted  to  George  Walker  and  Jonathan  Hanson  for  a  water  mill  under 
writ  of  ad  quod  damnum.  The  two  mills  (built  circa  1711  and  1733 
respectively)  were  later  called  Moore's  Mills.  It  seems  highly  probable 
that  the  mill  called  Walker's  stood  on  the  extreme  lower  part  of  Jones 
Falls,  not  far  above  the  mill  erected  by  Jonathan  Hanson  in  1711  or 
thereabouts,  and  I  would  identify  it  with  the  upper  Moore's  Mill  shown 
on  Warner  &  Hanna's  Plan  of  Baltimore,  1801.  Walker  and  Hanson 
conveyed  their  joint  interests  in  their  mill  seat  on  Jones  Falls  to  Dr. 
Edward  Fottrell  in  1741, 

The  purpose  of  this  long  and,  I  fear,  extremely  tiresome  note  has  been 
to  show,  in  the  first  place,  how  the  upper  part  of  the  Garrison  Road 
came  to  be  described  as  a  main  road  leading  to  Baltimore  Town,  and  in 
the  second  place,  to  prove  that  the  road  which  led  out  of  the  Garrison 
Road  into  and  across  what  is  now  the  central  part  of  our  city,  existed 
before  1729,  the  date  of  the  founding  of  Baltimore.  That  this  road  was 
useful  to  the  early  settlers  of  Garrison  Forest  as  a  short  way  to  church 
and  to  the  mill  is  enough  to  account  for  its  existence  prior  to  the 
laying-out  of  Baltimore  Town;  but  there  seems  to  be  a  chance  that  it 
antedated  the  settlement  of  the  backwoods,  and  was  part  of  the  original 
system  of  "  Garrison  Roads."  We  have  already  noted  the  fact  that  Captain 
Oldton  and  all  of  the  men  who  served  under  him  were  inhabitants  of 
Patapsco  or  of  Back  River  Necks.  (They  were  probably  all  inhabitants 
of  the  former  place.)  Such  a  road  as  this  would  have  served  them 
admirably  as  a  "  short-cut "  in  passing  between  their  plantations  and  the 
Garrison. 


THE    BALTIMOKE    COUNTY    "  GAKEISON."  217 

north  west  and  by  west  381  perches,  south  west  by  west  320 
perches,  thence  by  a  straight  line  to  the  beginning." 

The  foregoing  references  to  points  on  the  Garrison  Road  are 
chiefly  important  because  of  the  relatively  early  date;  but  the 
fact  that  they  are  associated  with  Captain  Oldton,  himself,  en- 
hances their  interest.  "  Pemblicoe  "  is  the  land  on  which  the 
Pimlico  Race-course  is  situated,  and  from  which  it  derives  its 
name.-^°  The  spot  where  "  Pemblicoe  "  originally  had  its  be- 
ginning probably  lies  in  the  neighborhood  of  the  place  where 
a  line  drawn  east  from  the  Reisterstown  Turnpike,  at  the  en- 
trance to  Mount  Hope  Asylum,  would  intersect  Park  Heights 
Avenue,  or  within  a  quarter  of  a  mile  of  this  spot.-^^ 

Not  quite  fifty  years  after  "  Pemblicoe  "  was  laid  out  the 
Garrison  Road  ran  an  eighth  of  a  mile  to  the  westward,  instead 
of  to  the  east,  of  the  beginning  boundary  of  that  tract.  In  the 
year  1747  Michael  Macnamara,  who  bought  "  Pemblicoe " 
from  the  administrators  of  John  Oldton  and  of  Thomas  Hedge 
the  younger,^^  had  a  land  commission  to  determine  its  bounds — 
it  was  then  known  by  its  proper  name  of  "  Pimlico  " — ;  and 
on  March  30th  of  that  year  John  Price,  aged  about  fifty-seven 
years,  brought  the  commissioners  "to  a  small  bounded  red  oak 
standing  on  a  rising  ground  about  forty  perches  to  the  eastward 
of  the  present  Garrison  road  and  at  the  back  of  Henry  Butler's 
new  design,"  ^^  and  there  made  oath,  "  that  about  two  years  agoe 

*"  Pimlico  is,  of  course,  a  London  place-name.  It  is  said  to  have 
originated  with  a  certain  Pimlico,  an  Italian,  who  resided  in  London 
several  centuries  ago. 

"^To  arrive  at  this  conclusion  I  have  not  consulted  any  modern  deed=?, 
and  there  is  a  possibility  that  the  beginning  tree  of  "  Pemblicoe  "  did 
not  stand  in  the  vicinity  of  this  place.  This  location,  however,  is  in  har- 
mony with  a  number  of  known  facts  and  conditions,  and  I  should  be  sur- 
prised if  it  is  any  considerable  distance  from  the  correct  one. 

^  "  The  Baltimore  County  Garrison  and  the  Old  Garrison  Roads,"  Part 
1,  Note  15. 

^*  As  was  stated  in  Note  9,  Henry  Butler  owned  "  The  Hope,"  which  he 
took  up  in  the  year  1704.  "The  Hope"  and  "Pemblicoe"  overlap  one 
another,  and  the  first  line  of  "  Pemblicoe "  apparently  runs  diagonally 
across  "  The  Hope."  In  Note  9  I  have  quoted  several  early  references 
to  a  main  road  which  passed  by  Henry  Butler's,  which  I  have  identified 
with  the  Garrison  Road. 


218  MARYLAND   HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

Henry  Butler  now  deceased  told  him.  that  the  bounded  red  oak 
above  mentioned  stood  within  the  length  of  his  mare  he  then 
rode  on  of  a  bounded  hickory  that  was  the  beginning  of  the 
aforesaid  tract  of  land."  ^* 

In  the  will  of  Thomas  Bale  of  Baltimore  County,  which  is 
dated  March  14th,  1706,  the  testator  leaves  to  his  sister,  Han- 
nah, a  tract  of  land  which  he  bought  of  Andrew  Hurd  called 
"  Toms,"  situated  "  on  the  Garrison  Road."  This  land  was 
unquestionably  a  tract  called  "  Toms  Choice,"  which  was  laid 
out  August  23rd,  1705,  and  was  patented  in  the  name  of 
Thomas  Bale.  "  Toms  Choice  "  lies  west  of  "  The  Hope  "  and 
of  the  "  Pemblicoe  "  tract,  and  adjoins  the  former.  It  is  hardly 
probable  that  the  Garrison  Road  ever  ran  through  this  land. 
It  is  more  likely  that  it  skirted  or  touched  its  easternmost  boun- 
dary, which  stood  on  or  near  the  first  line  of  "  Pemblicoe." 

In  the  month  of  March,  1737/8,  a  certain  Thomas  Demmett 
had  a  land  commission  for  the  purpose  of  determining  the 
bounds  of  a  tract  of  land  called  "  Cole's  Adventure,"  which  was 
surveyed  for  John  Cole  in  the  year  1706,  and  is  described  in 
the  proceedings  of  the  said  commission  as  being  situated  "  on  a 
run  called  Gwins  Run."  Henry  Butler,  aged  between  sixty 
and  seventy  years,  led  the  commissioners  "  to  a  certain  place 
about  fifty  or  sixty  yards  to  the  eastward  of  the  present  Garri- 
son road  "  and  showed  them  the  spot  "  where  a  bounded  Spanish 
oak  the  third  boundary  of  the  above  said  land  grew  near  the 
Pimlico  swamp,  but  the  tree  is  now  quite  decayed  and  lost."  ^^ 

The  third  boundary  of  "Cole's  Adventure"  lies  very  near 
the  second  boundary  of  "  Pemblicoe  " ;  and  it  seems  not  un- 
likely that  the  Garrison  Road  at  this  point  had  not  changed  its 
course  between  1699  and  1738.  The  site  of  this  boundary  is 
probably  in  the  immediate  neighborhood  of  what  was  formerly 

"  Baltimore  County  Court  Proceedings,  Land  Commissions,  Liber  H. 
W.  S.  No.  4,  f.  149. 

*^  Baltimore  County  Court  Proceedings,  Land  Commissions,  Liber  H.  W. 
S.  No.  4,  f.  27.  John  Cole,  Senior,  aged  about  67  years,  testified  before 
the  same  commission  that  the  beginning  tree  of  "  Cole's  Adventure " 
stood  about  a  hundred  yards  to  the  eastward  of  Gwinn's  Run. 


THE    BALTIMOEE    COUNTY    "  GAKKISON."  219 

known  as  Hookstown,  at  the  intersection  of  Garrison  Avenue 
or  Boulevard  ^®  and  the  Liberty  Road,  or  not  more  than  a 
quarter  of  a  mile  north  of  that  place. ^"^ 

No  trace  of  the  old  Garrison  Road  between  Hookstown,  where 
the  present  Garrison  Avenue  and  the  Reisterstown  Turnpike 
meet,  and  the  Old  Court  Road  is  to  be  seen  on  any  modern  map 
with  which  this  author  is  acquainted ;  ^^  but  between  Hooks- 
town  and  the  Frederick  Road  the  Garrison  Road  is  still  in 
existence,  and  in  all  probability,  except  for  certain  minor 
changes,  it  follows  approximately  the  same  course  as  that  which 
it  had  in  the  days  of  the  Baltimore  County  rangers. 

On  a  plat  made  in  the  year  1811  by  Mr.  Samuel  Green  of 
lands  belonging  to  the  Baltimore  Iron  Works  Company,  more 
commonly  known  as  the  Baltimore  Company,  the  route  of  the 
"  Old  Garrison  Road  "  is  indicated  from  a  point  a  little  more 
than  half  a  mile  north  of  the  "  new  cut  "  Liberty  Town  Road 
southward,  between  Gwinn's  Falls  on  the  west  and  Gwinn's 
Run  (otherwise  known  as  Peck's  Branch)  on  the  east,  to  a 
point  on  the  Frederick  Town  Turnpike  equidistant  between 
Gwinn's  Falls  and  Gwinn's  Run.^^     South  of  the  Windsor  Mill 

**  Needless  to  say,  these  titles — "  Avenue  "  and  "  Boulevard  " — are  very 
recent.  They  follow  inevitably  in  the  train  of  "  real-estate  developments," 
of  suburbanization,  of  the  process  of  altering  a  simple  old  countryside, 
with  its  roads  and  farms,  into  the  complex  and  the  more  or  less  tawdry 
banlieue  of  a  great  city. 

"  The  situation  of  "  Cole's  Adventure "  is  shown  on  a  plat  of  the 
division  of  the  Baltimore  Iron  Works  Company's  property  made  by  Samuel 
Green  from  a  survey  executed  May  11th,  1811,  and  filed  in  the  case  of 
Charles  Carroll  of  Carrollton  et  al.  versus  John  Taska  (Tasker)  Carter. 
The  proceedings  of  the  suit  will  be  found  in  Liber  79,  f.  67,  of  the  Chan- 
cery Record.  "  Cole's  Adventure  "  begins  at  a  point  a  short  distance  to 
the  west  of  the  Reisterstown  Turnpike  and  about  an  eighth  of  a  mile 
above  the  intersection  of  the  Reisterstown  Turnpike  and  the  Pimlico  Road. 

^  The  turnpike  between  Baltimore  and  Reisterstown  was  laid  out  in 
1787  (Laws  of  Maryland,  1787,  Chapter  XXIII).  The  new  road  doubtless 
rendered  upper  parts  of  the  Garrison  Road  of  little  use,  which  may  account 
for  their  disappearance. 

"  For  my  knowledge  of  this  invaluable  map,  as  well  as  for  a  tracing  of 
the  same,  I  am  indebted  to  Mr.  Edward  V.  Coonan,  who  has  in  his 
possession  a  perfectly  preserved  copy.    Another  copy  will  be  found  in  the 


220  MARYLAND   HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

Road  a  short  section  of  the  Old  Garrison  Eoad  is  not  shown, 
because  the  surveyor  did  not  at  this  point  use  the  road  as  the 
boundary  of  lots.  North  of  the  Windsor  Mill  Eoad  a  curve  of 
the  Garrison  Road  is  shown  which  no  longer  exists.  Provision 
for  the  straightening-out  of  this  curve  was  made  in  Mr.  Green's 
survey.  ^° 

Before  we  may  consider  the  question  of  the  ultimate  destina- 
tion of  the  Garrison  Road,  it  is  necessary  that  the  reader  should 
be  acquainted  with  the  topography  of  that  part  of  Baltimore 
City  which  lies  immediately  east  of  Gwinn's  Falls  and  north 
of  Carroll  Park.  The  large  brook,  known  from  very  early 
times  as  Gwinn's  Run  or  as  Gwinn's  Little  Falls  ^^ — one  of  the 
most  considerable  branches  of  Gwinn's  Falls — rises  near  the 
intersection  of  the  Garrison  Road  (now  Garrison  Avenue)  and 
the  Reisterstown  Turnpike,   and  empties  into  Gwinn's  Falls 

Maryland  Land  Kecord  Office,  where  it  was  filed  in  the  case  of  Charles 
Carroll  of  Carrolton  et  al.  versus  John  Tasker  Carter  et  al.  The  pro- 
ceedings of  this  suit  will  be  found  in  the  records  of  the  High  Court  of 
Chancery,  Liber  79,  f.  67  et  seq. 

^  Chancery  Proceedings,  Liber  79,  f.  67  et  seq.  The  Garrison  Eoad 
was  straightened  along  a  line  which  ran  from  Wooden's  beech  tree  to 
Ogg's  white  oak,  and  which  is  shown  on  Samuel  Green's  survey.  A  map 
of  Baltimore  County  published  in  1850  by  James  M.  Stephens  from  surveys 
made  by  J.  C.  Sydney  and  P.  J.  Browne  shows  the  Garrison  Road  between 
Hookstown  and  the  Frederick  Turnpike  as  it  is  today;  although,  in  com- 
mon with  most  other  roads  shown  on  this  map,  the  Garrison  Road  is  not 
given  any  name.  The  peculiar  virtue  of  this  map  is  that  it  shows  the 
present  Garrison  Road  clearly,  while  on  later  maps  the  course  of  the 
road  is  more  difficult  to  follow  on  account  of  the  maze  of  new  or  pro- 
jected streets  which  surrounds  it. 

*^  The  earliest  recorded  reference  to  this  stream  is,  I  believe,  that 
which  is  found  in  the  certificate  of  survey  of  the  well-known  tract  "  Par- 
ish's Range,"  laid  out  for  Edward  Parish  of  Anne  Arundel  County  October 
5th,  1679,  and  described  as  follows:  "Lying  ...  on  the  north  side  of 
Potapsco  River  and  upon  the  main  falls  of  a  branch  called  the  Middle 
Branch  (Gwinn's  Falls — W.  B.  M.),  beginning  at  a  bounded  oak  a 
bounded  tree  of  the  land  of  Edward  Horton  and  Richard  Gwin  (i.  e. 
"New  Town,"  surveyed  1672)  standing  by  the  little  ffalls  (i.  e.  Gwinn's 
Run)."  In  a  deed  dated  August  25th,  1697,  from  Edward  Parish  to  John 
Wooden  for  part  of  "  Parish's  Range,"  Gwinn's  Run  is  described  as  "  a 
stony  branch  called  Gwins  Little  Falls." 


THE    BALTIMORE    COUNTY    "  GAEKISON."  221 

about  a  quarter  of  a  mile  below  Wilkins  Avenue  and  half  a  mile 
above  the  Washington  Turnpike.  The  upper  reaches  of  this 
stream  are  now  covered  by  a  sewer,  and  one  of  its  principal 
affluents  has  totally  disappeared  under  city  streets.^^  In  primi- 
tive times  Gwinn's  Run,  which  has  a  length  of  about  four  and 
a  half  miles,  formed  with  Gwinn's  Falls  a  long  neck  of  land, 
narrowing  towards  the  south,  and  accessible,  except  by  fords, 
only  from  the  north. 

The  destination  of  the  old  Garrison  Road,  as  revealed  by 
Samuel  Green's  map,  was  evidently  some  part  of  the  country 
west  of  Gwinn's  Falls.  Such  would  be  the  inference  we  would 
naturally  draw  from  the  direction  in  which  the  road  is  observed 
to  be  going.  Had  its  original  destination,  moreover,  been  some 
point  or  locality  to  the  eastward  of  Gwinn's  Falls,  it  would 
hardly  have  been  laid  out  far  down  into  the  neck  between  that 
stream  and  its  affluent,  Gwinn's  Run,  when  the  simple  expedi- 
ent of  turning  it  to  the  east  of  the  sources  of  Gwinn's  Run,  in- 
stead of  to  the  west,  would  have  rendered  the  fording  or  bridg- 
ing of  that  large  brook  near  its  mouth,  where  its  volume  was 
greatest,  unnecessary. 

The  history  of  colonization  on  Gwinn's  Falls  begins,  as  far  as 
there  are  records  to  inform  us,  with  a  certain  Richard  Gwin 
(Gwinn  or  Guin)  who,  on  April  25th,  1672,  in  partnership 
with  one  Edward  Halton,  took  up  a  tract  of  land  called  "  !N'ew 
Town  "  in  the  angle  or  "  neck  "  made  by  the  intersection  of 
Gwinn's  Falls  and  Gwinn's  Run.  With  the  larger  of  these  two 
streams  his  name  will  doubtless  be  associated  for  all  time.     The 

'"  A  stream,  the  head  springs  of  which  lay  west  of  Druid  Hill  Park  in 
the  neighborhood  of  Auchentoroly  Terrace,  and  south  of  the  Brown  estate, 
"  Mondawmin."  Its  course  for  some  distance  appears  to  have  been  along 
the  lines  of  Payson,  Pulaski  and  Smallwood  Streets,  and  it  emptied  into 
Gwinn's  Eun  near  the  intersection  of  Lexington  Street  and  the  Calverton 
Road.  This  stream  is  clearly  shown  on  a  map  of  Baltimore  County 
published  by  James  C.  Stephens  in  1850.  On  a  plat  filed  in  the  case  of 
Charles  Carroll  of  Carrollton  versus  John  McClellan,  1814  (Package 
Plats,  No.  28),  it  is  marked  "  Gwin's  Run,"  while  the  larger  stream  is 
called  "  Gwin's  Little  Falls,"  a  distinction  I  have  never  observed  elsewhere 
in  the  records. 


222  MARYLAND   HISTORICAL    MAGAZIIiTE. 

smaller  is  today  generally  called  Peck's  Branch ;  but  on  maps  is 
still  described  as  Gwinn's  Run. 

Some  time  before  his  death  in  the  year  1692  Richard  Gwin 
cleared  a  plantation  on  "  ISTew  Town,"  ^^  but  it  is  extremely 

**  This  is  proved  by  a  deposition  of  William  Bond,  aged  forty-eight  years, 
taken  in  June,  1733,  before  a  land  commission  held  on  behalf  of  John 
Stewart  to  determine  and  fix  the  boundaries  of  "New  Towne "  (Balti- 
more County  Court  Proceedings,  Land  Commissions,  Liber  H.  W.  S.  No. 
2,  f.  166  et  seq.)-  The  facts  revealed  by  this  deposition,  humble  and 
bucolic  as  they  may  seem,  are  part  of  the  history  of  the  land  on  which 
Baltimore  City  now  stands,  and  I  therefore  quote  the  deposition  almost 
in  full,  omitting  only  such  parts  as  prove  nothing  connected  with  my 
subject  and  could  not  possibly  interest  anyone.  "  William  Bond,  aged 
about  48  years,  deposeth  that  about  30  years  ago  Mr.  James  Carroll  told 
Peter  Bond,  who  was  then  seating  the  land  he  had  by  his  wife,  that  he 
had  better  decline  seating  there  and  that  he  would  let  him  have  warrant 
and  shew  him  land  in  some  other  place  (James  Carroll  then  owned  a 
tract  called  "  Saint  James  Park,"  which  adjoined  "  New  Town  "  on  the 
south,  and  was  surveyed  in  the  year  1700.  It  was  later  included  in 
"  Georgia." — ^W.  B.  M.)  and  the  said  Peter  Bond  answered  he  believed 
he  had  evidence  good  enough  to  support  his  pretensions  and  this  deponent 
further  declares  that  some  time  just  before  or  just  after  he  saw  a  certain 
Charles  Gorsuch  a  Quaker  affirm  before  some  magistrate  and  as  he 
remembers  it  was  Mr.  Thomas  Bale  who  was  then  a  Magistrate  that  a 
bounded  white  oak  in  the  Bottom  where  Dr.  Carroll's  Mill  now  is  was 
the  beginning  bounded  tree  of  the  land  the  said  Peter  Bond  had  by  his 
wife  and  that  it  was  taken  up  by  her  father  Richard  Gwin  and  this 
Deponent  further  declareth  on  the  oath  aforesaid  that  a  white  oak  by 
the  said  Dr.  Carroll's  Mill  race  and  near  midway  from  the  mill  to  the 
head  of  the  race  he  verily  believes  to  be  the  said  tree  the  Question  being 
asked  at  the  instance  of  Dr.  Carroll  whether  this  deponent  knew  anything 
of  the  said  land  of  his  own  knowledge  he  answered  that  he  had  heard 
some  people  say  that  there  stood  a  bounded  tree  between  the  now  rolling 
road  and  Gwins  falls  near  a  gullie  a  little  below  where  John  Parish  his 
plantation  now  is  and  that  he  believes  they  also  told  him  it  was  a  tree 
of  the  said  land  or  Parishes  land  he  is  not  positive  of  which  or  either  and 
this  Deponent  further  sayeth  that  he  has  heard  the  old  men  (vizt  Charles 
Gorsuch  and  Isaac  Jackson)  say  that  old  Richard  Gwin  who  was  one  of 
the  takers  up  of  the  said  land  did  seat  or  settle  a  plantation  between 
where  the  head  of  the  mill  race  now  is  and  the  mouth  of  a  run  called 
Gwins  Run  ...  he  (i.  e.  the  deponent)  being  further  asked  whether  he 
knew  how  his  brother  Peter  Bond  came  by  the  said  land  he  answered  he 
always  understood  he  had  it  with  his  wife  said  Gwins  daughter  .  .  . 
he  being  further  asked  how  far  he  thinks  it  was  higher  up  the  falls 
where  his  brother  Peter  Bond  first  settled  he  answered  he  did  not  know 


THE    BALTIMORE    COUNTY    "  GAEKISON."  223' 

doubtful  if  he  ever  resided  on  this  land.  The  plantation  was 
probably  merely  a  "  quarter,"  and  its  owner  had  his  home  some- 
where on  tidewater  on  the  south  side  of  Patapsco  Eiver,  where 
the  remainder  of  his  lands  lay. 

Richard  Gwin  was  a  man  of  more  than  average  consideration 
in  the  community  in  which  he  lived.  The  title  of  "  Mr."  was 
freely  used  with  his  name,  a  title  which  was  very  grudgingly 
bestowed  in  the  seventeenth  century.  In  the  year  1686  he  was 
appointed  a  Justice  of  the  Baltimore  County  Court,  but,  on 
account  of  "  scandelous  and  infamous  liveing,"  was  not  allowed 
to  take  the  oath  of  ofl&ce.^^  Harsh  words  such  as  these  were 
liberally  applied  in  those  days,  and  the  truth  of  the  whole  mat- 
ter seems  to  be  that  Gwin  was  not  so  much  a  man  of  bad  moral 
character  as  he  was  one  who  liked  to  defy  public  opinion.^^ 
At  all  events  Richard  Gwinn  was  evidently  a  man  of  some  abil- 
ity, and  his  morals  were  doubtless  no  worse  than  those  of  many 
of  his  neighbors  who  were  shocked  by  his  audacity. 

In  his  will,  dated  1692,  Richard  Gwin  bequeathed  to  his 
daughter  Eleanor  Gwin  the  land  called  "  I^ew  Towne,"  of  which 
he  was  then  possessed  in  full.  Eleanor  Gwin  married  (1st) 
Peter  Bond,  the  younger,  son  of  the  immigrant,  Peter  Bond, 
and  (2nd)  Hill  Savage. 

the  distance  but  that  it  was  between  where  the  dwelling  house  now  stands 
and  Gwins  Run  side  and  that  they  cleared  down  the  run  towards  the 
mouth  thereof  he  being  further  asked  whether  he  knew  if  any  part  of 
Parishes  land  was  Setled  at  the  same  time  he  answerd  that  there  was  a 
little  Plantation  settled  by  George  Ogg  but  that  he  did  not  know  whether 
it  was  any  part  of  Parishes  land  or  not  being  asked  if  he  knew  of  any 
other  bounded  tree  higher  up  the  said  falls  he  answered  that  about  27 
years  ago  he  see  a  white  oak  bounded  for  a  tract  of  land  his  brother 
Peter  Bond  then  took  up  part  of  which  he  after  sold  to  John  Wells  and 
that  the  said  tree  did  stand  within  a  few  strides  of  Gwins  falls  on  the 
upper  side  of  a  spring  near  a  house  which  the  said  Peter  Bond  built  for 
himself  on  Newtown  when  he  let  his  father  and  mother  live  in  the  house 
he  first  built  on  the  said  land." 

"Md.  Archives,  Vol.  V,  p.  524. 

*^The  difficulty  in  which  Richard  Gwin  became  involved  and  how  he 
successfully  extricated  himself  will  be  found  recorded  in  the  Baltimore 
County  Court  Proceedings,  Liber  D.,  1682-16S6,  November  court,  1685, 
and  March  court,  1685/6. 

2 


224  MARYLAND   HISTOKICAL   MAGAZIJiTE. 

In  the  year  1705,  or  therebouts,  Peter  Bond  settled  on  "  New- 
town," which  he  then  held  in  right  of  his  wife,  the  daughter 
of  Eichard  Gwin.^^  About  1719  he  built  a  mill  on  Gwinn's 
Falls,  according  to  a  deposition  taken  some  years  later. ^'^  This 
mill  must  have  stood  on  the  Falls  a  short  distance  below  the 
present  Wilkens  Avenue  Bridge. 

In  1733,  or  thereabouts,  Dr.  Charles  Carroll  of  Annapolis,  who 
was  at  that  time  already  possessed  of  that  very  large  tract  known 
as  "  Georgia,"  ^^  later  "  Mount  Clare,"  was  the  owner  of  two 
mills  situated  on  Gwinn's  Falls.  One  of  these  mills  stood  just 
below  the  beginning  boundary  of  "  New  Town,"  on  part  of 
^'  Georgia,"  about  a  quarter  of  a  mile  or  less  above  the  mouth 
of  Gwinn's  Eun,  probably  on  or  near  the  site  of  the  old  MuUing- 

^»  See  Note  23. 

'"In  June,  1733,  before  John  Stewart's  land  commission  on  "New- 
Town"  (Note  23),  one  Charles  Wells,  aged  thirty  years,  deposed  that 
fourteen  or  fifteen  years  before  a  certain  Joseph  Parkinson,  who  was  then 
a  servant  to  Peter  Bond,  informed  him  "  that  if  his  Master  had  not 
Com'd  to  him  he  had  cut  dowTi  his  masters  bounded  tree " ;  and  that 
"when  he  (i.  e.  the  deponent)  lived  with  Peter  Bond  they  went  several 
times  to  run  out  the  said  Peters  land  and  they  always  went  down  into 
the  Bottom  where  Dr.  Carrolls  Mill  now  is  to  begin,  and  he  heard  Joseph 
Perkinson  say  it  was  when  he  was  falling  Timber  to  build  a  Mill  in  the 
said  bottom  that  he  had  like  to  have  cutt  down  the  said  tree." 

**  The  tract  called  "  Georgia,"  which  is  sometimes  referred  to  as 
"  Georgia  Plantation,"  and  is  now  generally  known  as  "  Mount  Clare," 
was  surveyed  and  patented  to  Dr.  Charles  Carroll  of  Annapolis  in  the 
year  1732,  and  contained  2368  acres.  In  addition  to  much  vacant  land 
it  embraced  the  following  original  surveys:  "Black  Wanut  Neck,"  sur- 
veyed for  Hugh  Kensey,  1663;  "Howard's  Chance,"  surveyed  for  John 
Howard,  1668;  "Saint  James  Park,"  surveyed  for  James  Carroll,  1700; 
"Gill's  Outlet,"  surveyed  for  John  Gill,  1714;  "Mill  Haven,"  surveyed 
for  John  Mercier,  1695;  "Monmouth  Green,"  surveyed  for  Thomas  Bale, 
1702;  "Barley  Hills,"  surveyed  for  Dr.  Charles  Carroll,  1728;  "Dis- 
covery," surveyed  for  Dr.  Charles  Carroll,  1729.  The  first  four  of  these 
tracts  lie  on  the  east  side  of  Gwinn's  Falls;  the  remainder  are  situated 
west  of  Gwinn's  Falls.  Something  less  than  a  thousand  acres  of  "  Georgia  " 
lies  east  of  Gwinn's  Falls;  the  remainder  lies  west  of  that  stream,  and 
was  conveyed  by  Dr.  Carroll  in  1733  to  the  Baltimore  Company,  of  which 
he  was  a  member.  The  situation  of  the  eastern  part  of  "  Georgia "  is 
shown  on  the  map  of  tracts  lying  within  Baltimore  City  published  in 
Scharf's  History  of  Baltimore  County. 


THE    BALTIMORE    COUNTY    "  GAEEISON."  225 

ton  Mill. 29  The  other  mill  appears  to  have  been  situated  a 
short  distance  above  the  Washington  Turnpike,  where  a  large 
mill  structure  still  stands.^*'     The  dam  was  situated  at  or  but  a 

*»In  June,  1733,  before  John  Steward's  land  commission  on  "New 
Town"  (Notes  23  and  27),  William  Hammond,  aged  thirty-two  years, 
deposed  "  that  a  certain  white  oak  by  Dr.  Carroll's  Mill  race  and  about 
half  way  between  the  said  Mill  and  the  head  of  the  race  was  shewed  him 
by  a  certain  John  Snow  on  the  19th  of  July  last  and  the  said  Snow  told 
him  that  when  he  was  a  servant  to  Peter  Bond  about  20  years  agoe  the 
said  Bond  shewed  him  the  said  white  oak  and  told  him  it  was  his  begin- 
ning tree  of  a  tract  of  land  he  had  with  his  wife."  Edward  Roberts,  aged 
about  fifty-nine  years,  deposed  "  that  about  30  years  ago  he  was  looking 
for  cattle  in  the  bottom  by  Gwins  Falls  where  Doctor  Charles  Carrolls 
Mill  now  stands  and  he  there  saw  Old  Peter  Bond,  who  told  him  he  had 
been  often  looking  for  the  beginning  bounded  tree  of  Richard  Gwins  land 
now  his  son  Peters  land  and  that  he  now  found  it  in  the  said  bottom 
a  little  above  where  the  said  Mill  now  is." 

'"A  deed  which  bears  date  March  25th,  1796,  from  Charless  Carroll  of 
Carrollton  et  al.  to  James  Carroll  (who  was  then  possessed  of  "Georgia  " 
or  "Mount  Clare"  by  inheritance  from  his  uncle,  Barrister  Carroll) 
recalls  the  fact  that  "  Doctor  Charles  Carroll  long  since  deceased,  when 
he  conveyed  to  the  Baltimore  Company  (i.  e.,  in  1733)  all  that  part  of  a 
tract  of  land  lying  in  Baltimore  County  called  Georgia  situated  on  the 
west  side  of  Gwinn's  Falls  "  neglected  to  reserve  to  himself  and  his  heirs 
"  any  portion  or  part  of  the  said  tract  on  the  west  side  of  the  said  falls 
to  which  his  mill  dam  might  be  abutted,"  and  that  "  from  the  institution 
of  the  said  Company  to  the  present  day  the  said  Dr.  Charles  Carroll 
deceased  and  those  claiming  under  him  have  always  abutted  and  still 
continue  to  abutt  the  said  Mill  Dam  to  the  lands  on  the  said  west  side." 
By  this  deed  the  parties  of  the  first  part  conveyed  to  James  Carroll  a 
strip  of  land  lying  on  the  west  side  of  Gwinn's  Falls  in  consideration  of 
five  shillings.  "  And  whereas,  in  the  articles  which  were  originally 
entered  into  between  the  Baltimore  Company  there  is  a  clause  prohibiting 
the  said  Company  from  erecting  any  grist  mill  or  mills  which  might  have 
been  or  may  be  prejudicial  to  the  custom  of  a  mill  then  erecting  by  the 
said  Dr.  Carroll,  the  said  James  Carroll  for  and  in  consideration  of  the 
release  made  to  him  of  the  lands  herein  described  as  a  butment  to  the 
mill  dam  as  aforesaid  hath  released  all  cause  or  causes  of  action  .  .  . 
against  the  said  company  in  consequence  ...  of  the  said  articles  or 
covenant"  (Land  Records  of  Baltimore  County,  Liber  W.  G.  No.  V.  V., 
f.  97). 

The  strip  of  land  thus  conveyed  by  the  Baltimore  Company  to  James 
Carroll  lies  along  the  west  side  of  Gwinn's  Falls  between  the  mouth  of 
Gwinn's  Run  and  a  point  not  far  below  the  Brunswick  Street  Bridge,  ir 
near  the  beginning  of  "  New  Town."  It  is  shown  on  the  plat  of  "  Mount 


226  MARYLAND   HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

short  way  below  the  mouth  of  Gwinn's  Run.  Ruins  of  a  dam 
are  still  to  be  seen  on  Gwinn's  Falls  immediately  below  the  spot 
where  Gwinn's  Run  empties  into  the  Falls,  and  the  old  mill  race 
can  still  be  traced  down  as  far  as  Mount  Clare  Mill. 

In  the  month  of  June,  1736,  by  virtue  of  a  writ  of  ad  quod 
damnum,  there  was  surveyed  for  the  Baltimore  Iron  Works 
Company,^^  of  which  Dr.  Charles  Carroll  was  a  member,  a  tract 

Clare  "  as  surveyed  for  James  Carroll  in  1811,  where  it  can  easily  be 
identified  by  reference  to  the  description  of  the  survey;  and  it  is  aho 
shown  on  a  plat  filed  in  the  suit  of  Nicholas  C.  Carroll  et  al.  versus 
James  Carroll,  1826  (Package  Plats,  No.  25).  The  reason  for  the 
acquisition  of  this  strip  of  land  by  James  Carroll  evidently  was,  not  only 
that  he  might  own  the  west  abutment  of  the  dam,  but  also  the  land  above 
the  dam  flooded  by  the  mill-pond.  The  dam  was  obviously  therefore 
situated  at  or  just  below  the  mouth  of  Gwinn's  Run,  where  remains  of  a 
dam  exist  today.  (This  could  not  have  been  the  dam  which  served  the 
mill  belonging  to  Dr.  Carroll,  which  stood  near  the  beginning  of  "  New 
Town.")  The  mill  which  it  served  was  probably  on  the  site  of  the  old 
Mount  Clare  Mill,  which  is  shown  on  maps  of  Baltimore  City  of  a  genera- 
tion ago.  The  old  mill  race  is  still  plainly  to  be  seen.  I  believe  it  certain 
that  this  was  the  mill  of  Dr.  Charles  Carroll  to  which  frequent  reference 
is  made  in  records  of  about  the  middle  of  the  eighteenth  century.  What 
became  of  the  mill  farther  up  Gwinn's  Falls  I  do  not  know. 

On  February  1st,  1753,  Dr.  Carroll  wrote  to  his  son  Charles  Carroll 
(afterwards  Barrister  Carroll)   who  was  then  in  London: 

"  Neither  need  I  mention  to  you  the  implacable  malice  of  some  here  agst 
me  which  laid  me  under  a  necessity  of  pulling  down  my  Furnace  at 
Patapsco,  before  it  made  Pig  Iron  to  pay  the  charge  of  erecting  it,  and 
this  by  the  popish  Int:  combined  against  me,  however  as  I  would  make 
the  best  of  it.  It  is  that  Furnace,  wheels  and  site  thereof  I  am  converting 
into  a  merchant  mill  which  I  expect  to  go  next  Fall."  Where  this  furnace 
and  mill  stood  I  am  not  aware,  unless  it  too  was  on  the  site  of  Mount 
Clare  Mill. 

"  The  Baltimore  Iron  Works  Company  or  Baltimore  Company  was 
organized  in  October,  1731,  with  a  capital  of  £3500  (Provincial  Court 
Proceedings,  Liber  P.  L.  No.  8,  f.  220  et  seq.).  The  original  members 
of  the  company  were  Charles  Carroll,  Benjamin  Tasker  and  Daniel  Dulany, 
Esquires,  Dr.  Charles  Carroll  and  Daniel  Carroll  of  Duddington  Manor. 
This  company  flourished  for  many  years  and  carried  on  actively  its 
business  of  mining,  smelting  and  forging  bog  iron  ore.  It  owned  many 
slaves.  In  the  vicinity  of  Baltimore  Town  the  Baltimore  Company  owned 
many  thousands  of  acres,  including  the  tracts  known  as  "  Gorsuch," 
"  Phillipsburg  "  and  "  Orange  "  on  the  east,  "  Bear  Hills  "  on  the  north, 
"  Frederickstadt  "  and  a  large  part  of  "  Georgia  "  on  the  west.     In  1785 


THE    BALTIMORE    COUNTY    "  GARRISON."  227 

of  one  hundred  acres,  situated  on  Gwinn's  Falls,  in  the  neigh- 
borhood of  the  mouth  of  Maiden's  Choice  Run,  as  a  site  for  a 
forge.^^  This  tract  was  made  up  of  parts  of  "  Georgia,"  "  New 
Town  "  and  of  "  Bond's  Increase."  ^^  The  forge,  which  the 
Baltimore  Company  erected  on  this  tract,  stood  somewhere 
between  Wilkens  Avenue  and  the  Brunswick  Street  Bridge  over 
Gwinn's  Falls.  The  dam  appears  to  have  been  located  just 
north  of  the  Wilkens  Avenue  Bridge,  where  foundations  of  a 
dam  may  still  be  observed.  The  mill-pond,  or  "  Old  Forge 
Pool,"  as  it  was  called,  extended  up  Gwinn's  Falls  a  quarter  of 
a  mile  beyond  the  Frederick  Turnpike.^^ 

Several  years  prior  to  1736  the  Baltimore  Company  had 
built  a  furnace  on  a  small  branch  of  Gwinn's  Falls  known  as 
Charles's  Run,  which  empties  into  the  west  side  of  the  Falls 
at  or  very  near  the  head  of  tidewater,  or  opposite  to  the  point 

the  Baltimore  Company  was  possessed  of  a  furnace  and  two  forges,  more 
than  twenty-eight  thousand  acres  of  land  and  two  hundred  or  more 
negroes.      {Md.  Journal  and  Baltimore  Advertiser,  March  28th,   1785.) 

^  Chancery  Proceedings,  Liber  I,  E.  No.  2,  1730-1736,  f.  787.  This  tract, 
which  was  surveyed  June  15th,  1736,  begins  "  at  a  bounded  white  oak 
saplin  growing  out  of  the  Root  of  a  leaning  white  oak  near  a  spring  on 
the  north  side  of  Gwins  falls  nigh  the  upper  end  of  the  Saw  Mill  Race 
and  below  the  Dam  of  the  said  saw  mill."  This  mill  was  doubtless  the 
one  built  by  Peter  Bond.  The  jury  appointed  to  condemn  the  tract  "  for 
setting  up  a  Forge  Mill  for  the  manufacture  of  pigg  iron,"  appraised  the 
land  on  the  west  side  of  Gwinn's  Falls  and  on  the  south  side  of  Maiden's 
Choice  Run,  at  three  shillings  per  acre,  and  the  land  on  the  east  side  of 
Gwinn's  Falls  at  eighteen  shillings  per  acre. 

**A  small  tract  surveyed  for  Peter  Bond  September  28th,  1704,  between 
"  New  Town  "  and  Gwinn's  Falls. 

^  References  to  the  Old  Forge  Pool  will  be  found  in  a  deed  f rona  the 
Baltimore  Company  to  James  Carroll  dated  March  25th,  1802  (Liber  W. 
G.  No.  71,  f.  502,  Balto.  Co.  Land  Records);  in  the  resurvey,  "Mount 
Clare,"  laid  out  for  James  Carroll,  1811;  and  in  depositions  taken  before 
a  land  commission  held  in  1806  to  determine  the  bounds  of  "  Georgia," 
"New  Town"  and  other  tracts  on  behalf  of  James  Carroll  (Balto.  Co. 
Land  Records,  Liber  W.  G.  No.  95,  f.  162  et  seq.).  The  lowest  mills  on 
Gwinn's  Falls,  belonging  to  the  Ellicott  family,  to  which  allusion  is  made 
in  these  depositions,  were  situated  just  north  of  the  Frederick  Turnpike, 
and  are  shown  on  Samuel  Green's  plat  of  the  lands  of  the  Baltimore 
Company,  1811. 


228  MARYLAND   HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

where  Nantecoke  Street  extended  intersects  the  Falls.^^  The 
furnace  stood  on  the  east  side  of  Charles's  Run,  about  five  hun- 
dred feet  south  of  Gwinn's  Falls.^^     There  is  reason  to  believe 

^By  a  deed  which  bears  date  September  25th,  1733,  Dr.  Charles  Carroll 
of  Annapolis  conveyed  to  Benjamin  Tasker,  Charles  Carroll  and  Daniel 
Dulany  of  Annapolis,  Esquires,  and  to  Daniel  Carroll  of  Duddington 
Manor,  Gent.,  a  tract  of  eighteen  hundred  acres  lying  on  the  west  side 
of  Gwinn's  Falls,  of  which  fourteen  hundred  acres  were  part  of  "  Geor- 
gia "  (Provincial  Court  Proceedings,  Liber  P.  L.  No.  8,  f.  220  et  seq.). 
This  deed  recalls  the  fact  that  the  said  parties  "  by  their  several  quinque 
partite  deeds  .  .  .  bearing  date  the  1st  of  October,  1731,  mutually  cove- 
nanted, etc.,  to  enter  into  a  copartnership  or  company  and  at  their  equal 
charges  and  by  equal  dividends  to  make  one  stock  of  £3500  ...  to  be 
employed  used  and  laid  out  in  the  purchase  of  lands  contiguous  to 
Patapsco  River  in  Baltimore  County  and  erecting  and  building  on  Gwins 
Falls  or  a  Branch  of  the  said  Falls  called  Charles's  Run  on  a  tract  of 
land  called  Mill  Haven  one  good  sufficient  furnace  for  rimning  pigg  metal 
from  Iron  Oar  with  all  other  buildings  necessary  and  requisite  to  be 
occupied  with  such  furnace."  In  payment  for  the  land  Dr.  Carroll  was 
allowed  £634  as  so  much  paid  on  his  share  of  £700  for  a  one  fifth  in- 
terest in  the  company.  We  note,  by  the  way,  that  on  March  15th,  1765, 
a  one-fifth  share  of  the  stock  of  the  Baltimore  Iron  Works  Company  was 
offered  for  sale  in  the  Maryland  Gazette  at  £5200.  The  founding  of  the 
Baltimore  Company  marks  the  beginning  of  great  business  enterprise  in 
and  around  the  site  of  Baltimore.  "  Mill  Haven  "  was  not  in  Dr.  Carroll's 
possession  at  the  time  when  the  Baltimore  Company  was  formed.  It  was 
conveyed  to  him  on  April  11th,  1732,  by  Dr.  George  Buchanan  and 
Eleanor  his  wife,  and  was  resurveyed  in  "  Georgia  "  the  same  year.  Dr. 
Carroll  was  intimately  acquainted  with  Dr.  Buchanan,  and  there  was 
probably  some  agreement  between  them  about  the  land.  On  December 
14th,  1733,  the  following  advertisement,  signed  by  Dr.  Carroll,  appeared 
in  the  Maryland  Gazette:  "At  the  Iron- Works  on  Patapsco  River  in 
Baltimore  County  will  be  employ'd  Labourers  to  cut  Wood,  etc.  etc." 
The  furnace  was  certainly  standing  at  that  time.  By  virtue  of  a  writ 
of  ad  quod  damnum  which  bears  date  January  12th,  1733/4,  there  was 
surveyed  for  the  Baltimore  Company  a  tract  of  100  acres,  part  of 
"  Georgia,"  described  as  situated  "  on  Charles's  Branch  and  Gwyn'a 
Falls,"  "  beginning  at  the  mouth  of  a  small  cove  .  .  .  below  the  furnace  " 
(Provincial  Court  Proceedings,  Liber  P.  L.  No.  2,  f.  594  et  seq.).  Another 
part  of  "  Georgia,"  condemned  for  the  Baltimore  Company  and  surveyed 
April  19th,  1748,  begins  "  at  the  sst  end  of  a  large  rock  on  the  north  side 
of  the  Middle  branch  opposit  to  the  Baltimore  Iron  Works  furnace." 
(Book  of  Baltimore  and  Anne  Arundel  County  surveys  which  belonged  to 
Barrister  Carroll,  1766.) 

''The  old  furnace  is  shown  on  Fielding  Lucas's  Plan  of  the  City  of 


THE    BALTIMORE    COUNTY    "  GARRISON."  229 

that  deep  water  formerly  extended  up  Gwinn's  Falls  as  far  as 
the  moutli  of  'Charles's  Eun,  and  that  the  landing  known  as  the 
"  Iron  Works  Landing  "  was  situated  there,  or  in  that  vicinity.^'^ 

Baltimore,  1841,  which  shows  a  building  marked  "  Bait  Co.  Furnace  "  on 
"  Charles  Run."  Charles's  Run  or  Branch  is  mentioned  in  the  certificate 
of  a  tract  called  "  Johnson's  Interest,"  surveyed  for  Anthony  Johnson, 
October  25th,  1695,  one  of  the  tracts  conveyed  by  Dr.  Carroll  to  the  Balti- 
more Company  in  1733.  I  think  that  it  was  named  for  Charles  Gorsuch. 
The  Baltimore  and  Ohio  Railroad  skirts  the  shore  of  a  large  ice-pond 
which  is  fed  by  the  waters  of  this  stream. 

^■^  In  the  month  of  August,  1739,  John  Paca,  Joshua  Sewell  and  John 
Baker  presented  a  petition  to  the  Baltimore  County  Court,  in  which  they 
set  forth  that  they  have  "  plantations  settled  in  and  near  the  fork  of  the 
Great  Main  Falls  of  Patapsco,"  and  are  obliged  "  to  roll  all  their  tobacco 
to  the  Patapsco  Iron  Works  landing."  The  petitioners  request  "  that  a 
rolling  road  may  be  cleared  from  John  Paca's  quarter  to  Capt.  Jones's 
quarter  (Captain  Philip  Jones.  This  was  on  Soldier's  Delight — W.  B.  M.) 
untill  it  intersects  the  Soldiers  Delight  Road."  The  petitioners  promise 
to  maintain  the  new  road  at  their  own  expense  "untill  such  time  (as) 
the  neighborhood  is  more  fully  settled"  (Baltimore  Coimty  Court  Pro- 
ceedings, Liber  T.  R.  No.  2,  1739-1740,  f.  79). 

In  March,  1738/9,  Christopher  Randall,  Joshua  Owings,  Daniel  Rawlings 
and  Charles  Wells  presented  a  petition  to  the  Court,  in  which  they  state 
that  they  have  "  altered  our  rowling  road  leading  from  Soldiers  Delight 
to  the  Iron  Works  a  nearer  way  and  much  better  for  rideing  or  rowling 
tobacco  than  the  former  road  was  ";  and  they  request  that  the  overseer  of 
the  road  in  the  Upper  Hundred  of  Patapsco  be  compelled  to  mend  their 
new  road  (Balto.  Co.  Court  Proceedings,  Liber  H.  W.  S.  No.  I.  A.,  2, 
f.  357). 

That  the  road  from  the  Soldier's  Delight  to  the  Iron  Works  existed  very 
soon  after  the  founding  of  the  Baltimore  Company  is  proved  by  an  order 
of  court  dated  November,  1733,  which  directs  Charles  Wells  to  be  overseer 
of  the  road  "  From  Jones's  Quarter  to  the  Iron  Works  "  ( See  "The  Old 
Indian  Road,"  Part  II,  Maryland  Historical  Magazine,  September,  1920, 
p.  218.  This  order  is  there  quoted  in  full).  The  date  of  this  order  makes 
it  quite  certain  that  the  Baltimore  Company's  furnace  on  the  west  side 
of  Gwinn's  Falls  near  the  mouth  of  that  stream  was  meant.  No  other 
iron-works  existed  in  that  part  of  Maryland  at  this  time. 

In  November,  1734,  William  Peticoat  was  appointed  overseer  "  of  all 
the  roads  in  Soldiers  Delight  hundred  lying  between  the  main  falls  and 
Gwins  falls  of  Potapsco,"  including  "  the  rowling  road  from  Captain 
Jones's  qr.  (quarter)."  The  same  court  appointed  Oliver  Cromwell  over- 
seer "  of  all  the  roads  in  the  upper  hundred  of  Potapsco  between  the  main 
falls  and  Gwins  falls,"  including  the  following:  "  the  roaling  road  from 
the  Iron  Works  till  it  intersects  the  Indion  (the  Indian  Road  is  now  the 
Old  Court  Road — W.  B.  M.),  the  roaling  road  from  the  head  of  Potapsco 


230  MARYLAND   HISTOEICAL    MAGAZINE. 

An  acquaintance  with  the  foregoing  facts  is  necessary  in  order 
that  we  may  understand  certain  records  which  have  a  bearing 
on  the  question  of  the  course  and  destination  of  the  old  Garri- 
son Road. 

to  the  Dogwood  branch  .  .  .  (the  road),  from  William  Hamiltons  to  the 
Iron  Works  .  .  .  the  road  that  leads  from  the  Main  Falls  of  Potapsco  to 
Ragland  roaling  road."  ( These  orders  are  quoted  in  full  in  "  The  Old 
Indian  Road,"  Part  II,  p.  218-219.) 

It  is  evident  that  the  Court  intended  to  divide  the  rolling  road,  which 
ran  from  Captain  Philip  Jones's  quarter  on  Soldier's  Delight  to  the  Iron 
Works  landing,  between  the  overseers  of  Soldiers  Delight  Hundred  and 
Patapsco  Upper  Hundred  respectively.  Soldiers  Delight  Hundred  was 
created  in  November,  1733,  and  was  divided  from  Patapsco  Upper  Hundred 
by  the  Old  Indian  or  Court  Road.  The  court  appointed  Petticoat  overseer 
of  the  upper  half  of  the  road  from  Soldiers  Delight  to  the  Iron  Works  as 
far  down  as  the  Indian  or  Court  Road,  and  Cromwell  overseer  of  the 
lower  part  from  the  Iron  Works  to  the  Indian  Road.  "  Ragland "  was 
the  name  of  the  country  which  lies  on  the  east  side  of  Patapsco  Falls 
about  and  below  Ellicott's  City.  I  think  that  "  the  rolling  road  from  the 
head  of  Patapsco  to  Dogwood  Branch,"  and  the  road  called  "  Ragland 
rolling  road  "  both  ran  to  a  landing  at  the  head  of  tidewater  on  Patapsco 
Falls  at  or  near  Elk  Ridge  Landing. 

Both  of  these  "  rolling  "  landings — the  one  on  Patapsco  Falls  and  that 
which  became  the  Iron  Works  Landing,  on  the  west  side  and  near  thii 
mouth  of  Gwinn's  Falls — appear  to  have  existed  earlier  than  1733.  In 
August,  1728,  the  court  appointed  Henry  Butler  overseer  of  the  road 
"  from  the  Garrison  Ridge  to  the  Rowling  landing  at  Guinns  falls." 
The  greater  part  of  this  road  must  have  been  the  original  Garrison  Road. 
The  same  court  appointed  George  Bailey  overseer  of  the  roads  "  from  the 
Soulders  (sic)  Delight  to  the  landing  at  the  head  of  Potapsco,  from  John 
Belt  Jr.  his  plantation  in  the  forrest  to  the  said  landing."  (Balto.  Co. 
Court  Proceedings,  Liber  I.  W.  S.  No.  6,  1728-1730,  f.  26  et  seq.)  The 
two  landings  are  therefore  seen  to  have  been  distinct. 

In  the  month  of  August,  1730,  the  Court  appointed  William  Hammond 
overseer  of  the  roads  "  in  that  part  of  the  upper  hundred  of  Patapsco  lying 
between  the  rolling  road  from  the  Soldiers  Delight  (and?)  Gwins  falls 
to  the  Landing  and  all  between  the  main  road  leading  from  Potapsco 
falls  inclusive  of  both  the  said  roads,  and  that  he  have  power  to  command 
Loyd  Harrys,  Charles  Wells,  George  Buchanan  their  male  Taxables  and 
half  Mrs.  Hoxsons  hands  that  lye  between  the  above  said  two  roads  and 
the  main  falls  of  Potapsco."  The  same  Court  then  appointed  William 
Hamilton  overseer  of  the  roads  "  between  the  main  road  from  Potapsco 
falls  (to?)  Gwins  falls,  the  rowling  road  from  the  Soldiers  Delight  to 
the  landing  and  the  main  falls  of  Potapsco  exclusive  of  both  the  said 
roads."     (Balto.  Co.  Court  Proceedings,  Liber ,  1730-1732,  f,  4.) 


THE    BALTIMORE    COUNTY    "  GAERISON."  231 

North  of  "New  Town,"  and  between  Gwinn's  Falls  and 
Gwinn's  Run,  lies  a  well-known  tract  of  land,  "  Parish's 
Range,"  which  was  laid  out  for  Edward  Parish  of  Anne  Arun- 
del County  in  the  year  1678.^^  The  first  person  to  settle  on 
this  land  appears  to  have  been  a  certain  George  Ogg,  who  had 
a  plantation  thereon  at  least  as  early  as  the  year  1703.^^  This 
plantation  was  evidently  situated  on  a  part  of  "  Parish's  Range" 
which  Ogg  purchased  of  Edward  Parish  August  25th,  1697. 
The  land  which  Ogg  bought  of  Parish  is  a  long  and  relatively 
narrow  strip,  having  a  length  of  two  miles  and  a  width  of  about 
a  quarter  of  a  mile.  It  is  bounded  on  the  east  by  a  strip  of 
similar  dimensions  and  the  same  acreage,  which  was  conveyed 
out  of  "  Parish's  Range  "  by  Edward  Parish  to  John  Wooden 
in  1697.  It  extends  from  a  short  distance  north  of  the  intersec- 
tion of  Garrison  Avenue  and  the  Liberty  Town  Turnpike  south- 
ward to  the  neighborhood  of  Winchester  Street.  The  exact 
location  of  the  tract  may  be  observed  by  comparing  Samuel 
Green's  plat  of  the  Baltimore  Iron  Works  Company's  property, 
to  which  we  have  alluded  elsewhere,  with  a  plat  filed  in  the  case 
of  Charles  Carroll  of  Carrollton  versus  John  McClellan,  1814. 
(Package  Plats,  'No.  28.)  The  reader  may  thus  ascertain  for 
himself  the  fact  that  the  Old  Garrison  Road,  as  shown  on  Sam- 
uel Green's  plat,  traverses  George  Ogg's  part  of  Parish's 
Range  "  from  end  to  end. 

According  to  a  deposition  made  by  William  Parish  in  the 
month  of  March,  1744/5,  George  Ogg  was  living  on  his  division 

Mention  of  Elk  Kidge  Landing  will  be  found  in  the  Maryland  Gazette 
for  May  27th,  1729.  A  tract  called  "Addition  to  Herbert's  Care,"  laid 
out  for  Eleanor  Herbert  May  11th,  1703,  is  described  as  lying  "in  the 
woods  on  a  Ridge  called  Elk  Ridge,  beginning  at  a  bounded  red  oak  on 
the  side  of  a  hill  on  the  west  side  of  the  Rowling  Roade."  This  "  rolling 
road  "  may  have  gone  to  Elk  Ridge  Landing. 

^  Mr.  Ruxton  M.  Ridgely,  a  descendant  of  the  Parish  family  and  well 
acquainted  with  the  history  of  "  Parish's  Range,"  informs  me  that  the 
tract  actually  contained  much  more  than  two  thousand  acres  for  which 
it  was  laid  out. 

"See  the  deposition  of  William  Bond  quoted  in  note  23.  The  deponent 
did  not  know  whether  or  not  Ogg's  plantation  was  on  "  Parish's  Range," 
but  there  is  no  doubt  that  it  was. 


232  MAKTLAND   HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

of  "  Parish's  Range  "  thirty-four  years  before  that  date.^"  It 
is  highly  probable  that  he  made  his  home  on  this  land  from 
about  1703  until  he  died.  His  son,  George  Ogg,  Jr.,  sold  the 
tract  to  John  Willmot  in  1736,  who  conveyed  it  in  1738  to 
John  Wooden. 

In  the  month  of  !N"ovember,  1709,  the  Baltimore  County 
Court  issued  the  following  order :  ^^ 

"  Geo :  Ogg  of  Baltimore  County  planter  having  turned  the 
road  to  the  great  nuisance  of  the  neighbour-hood  Richard  Gest 
with  the  said  neighbours  having  preferred  a  petition  to  the 
Court  that  the  road  might  be  continued  in  its  old  place  which 
was  by  the  consent  of  the  court  granted." 

From  the  proceedings  of  a  court  held  March,  1709/10,  we 
learn  that  the  road  thus  "  turned  "  was  the  Garrison  Road,  and 
that  it  had  been  diverted  from  its  original  course  three  or  four 
years  previous  to  that  date :  ^^ 

"  To  the  Worshipful  the  Justices  of  Baltimore  County  now 
sitting  the  petition  of  Geo :  Ogg  humbly  sheweth  that  about  the 
middle  of  the  last  month  Henry  Buttler  ^^  Overseer  of  the  Gar- 
rison road  to  Potapscoe  came  with  an  ord^  of  Court  granted 
last  Nov^  1709  whereby  under  pretence  of  bringing  the  said 
road  where  it  formerly  went  altho  it  hath  been  this  three  or 

*"  Before  a  land  commission  held  in  March,  1744/5,  on  behalf  of  John 
Wooden,  to  determine  the  bounds  of  "  Parish's  Range,"  William  Parish, 
aged  about  60  years,  deposed  "  that  about  34  years  ago  the  woods  being 
then  on  fire  old  George  Ogg  desired  him  this  affirmant  to  take  a  walk  with 
him  in  the  woods  and  brought  him  to  the  place  where  he  now  stands  and 
shewed  him  either  a  bounded  red  oak  or  a  Spanish  oak  .  .  .  and  further 
aflSrmeth  that  the  said  Ogg  told  him  this  affirmant  that  the  aforesaid 
bounded  oak  was  his  bounded  tree  part  of  Parrish's  Range  being  the  land 
he  then  lived  upon."  (Baltimore  Co.  Court  Proceedings,  Land  Commis- 
sions, Liber  H.  W.  S.  No.  4,  f.  108.) 

*^  Baltimore  Coimty  Court  Proceedings,  Liber  I.  S.  No.  B.,  1708-1715, 
f.  70. 

*■  Baltimore  County  Court  Proceedings,  Liber  I.  S.  No.  B.,  1708-1715, 
f.  95. 

*'In  November,  1709,  the  court  appointed  Henry  Butler,  carpenter, 
overseer  "  of  the  highways  from  Gwins  Falls  unto  Jones  Falls  and  for 
the  back  roads  between  the  said  falls."  (Balto.  Co.  Court  Proceedings, 
Liber  I.  S.  No.  B.,  f.  70.) 


THE    BALTIMORE    COUNTY    "  GARKISON."  233 

four  j^  by  consent  of  most  of  the  Inhabitants  therein  concerned 
where  it  was  when  this  order  was  granted  hath  marked  the  said 
road  through  yo^^  petitioners  cornefeild  and  wheat  patches  to 
the  great  damage  and  inconvenience  of  yo'"  pet^  now  yo^  peti- 
tioner haveing  noe  certaine  knowledge  of  the  said  order  before 
it  came  to  be  put  in  execution  and  being  thereby  deprived  of 
makeing  any  lawfull  defence  humbly  desireth  that  yo'^  wor- 
shipps  would  please  to  Superseed  the  said  order  whereby  yo^ 
petitioner  is  ...  .  damnified  and  incommoded  and  grant  an 
order  to  any  Two  or  three  indifferent  persons  to  view  the  said 
road  and  make  report  to  this  worshipfull  Court,  etc.,  etc." 

On  reading  this  petition,  the  Court  ordered  that  Major  Tho- 
mas Hammond,  William  Talbott  and  Edward  Stevenson,  Gent., 
"  doe  view  the  said  road  and  that  the  said  road  be  made  conve- 
nient for  the  Inhabitants  adjacent  with  the  least  prejudice  that 
may  be  to  the  petitioner  Geo :  Ogg  and  that  the  execution  of  the 
former  order  be  stopped." 

Between  what  points  George  Ogg  diverted  the  Garrison  Road 
from  its  original  course  there  appear  to  be  no  means  of  know- 
ing, but  the  question  is  unimportant.  The  Ogg  tract  was  long 
and  narrow.  What  changes  were  made  in  the  road  were  made 
within  the  limits  of  this  tract,  and  there  is  therefore  no  reason 
to  suppose  that  the  present  route,  within  these  limits,  lies  any 
considerable  distance  either  to  east  or  west  of  the  ancient  one. 

By  the  foregoing  record,  which  takes  us  back  to  a  time  not 
later  than  the  year  1Y06,  that  is,  three  or  four  years  earlier 
than  the  date  of  George  Ogg's  petition,  the  relative  antiquity 
of  that  part  of  the  Old  Garrison  Road  which  lies  to  the  south 
of  the  present  Liberty  Town  Turnpike  is  established.  In  point 
of  age  this  record  is,  for  that  part  of  the  road,  a  solitary  one.** 

**A  few  other  references  of  early  date  which  appertain  to  that  section 
of  the  Garrison  Koad  do  exist,  but  the  road  is  called  by  other  names. 
William  Parish  deposed  before  John  Wooden's  land  commission  on  "  Par- 
ish's Range,"  in  March,  1744/5  (Note  40),  with  regard  to  certain  trees 
"  standing  in  the  woods  near  to  John  Parish's  Plantation  and  near  to  the 
main  road,"  "  that  he  has  been  several  times  at  the  aforesaid  trees  in 
company  with  old  George  Ogg,  old  Edward  Parish  and  old  John  Wooden 


234  MARYLAND   HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

The  disappearance  of  the  Garrison  Road  south  of  the  Fred- 
erick Turnpike  Road  (unless,  indeed,  it  followed  approximately 
the  course  of  the  present  Millington  Lane)  is  fully  explained  by 
an  Act  of  the  Maryland  Assembly  passed  in  the  year  1797, 
and  entitled :  "An  act  to  open  a  road  from  Pratt-street  extended, 
through  the  land  of  James  Carroll,  till  it  intersects  the  road  to 
Elk-Ridge  Landing,  and  to  shut  up  and  stop  all  those  parts  of 
the  old  Frederick  and  Garrison  roads  therein  mentioned," 
which  reads  as  follows: 

"  Be  it  enacted  by  the  General  Assembly  of  Maryland,  that 
William  Hammond,  Cornelius  Howard  and  James  Baker,  or 
any  two  of  them,  be  commissioners  to  lay  off  a  road  from  Pratt- 
Street  Extended,  across  the  lands  of  James  Carroll,  at  the  ex- 
pense of  the  said  James  Carroll,  to  the  road  leading  to  Elk- 
Ridge  Landing,  thirty  feet  wide,  and  to  return  a  plot  of  the  same 
to  Baltimore  County  Court,  which  shall  be  ever  after  deemed 
and  taken  to  be  a  public  road. 

"  And  be  it  enacted.  That  when  the  road  aforesaid  is  laid 
out  and  opened,  that  then  all  that  part  of  the  old  Frederick 
road  near  the  city  of  Baltimore  on  the  lands  of  the  Baltimore 
Company  and  James  Carroll,  which  branches  from  the  road 
leading  from  the  city  of  Baltimore  to  Elk  Ridge  landing  and 
afterwards  unites  with  the  Frederick  turnpike  road  about  180 
perches  westwardly  of  Gwinn's  falls,  be  stopped  and  shut  up 
and  hereafter  not  considered  as  a  public  road.  "And  be  it 
enacted,  that  all  that  part  of  the  old  Garrison  road  running  on 
the  land  of  the  said  James  Carroll  to  the  southward  of  the 
Frederick  turnpike  road,  be  and  is  also  stopped  and  shut  up, 
and  hereafter  is  not  to  be  considered  as  a  public  road."  ^^ 

and  has  known  them  above  thirty  years  and  says  that  the  said  bounded 
trees  are  the  beginning  trees  of  George  Ogg  and  John  Woodens  land  part 
of  Parish's  Range  now  in  the  possession  of  John  Wooden."  The  "  main 
road "  there  mentioned  was  certainly  the  Garrison  Road.  I  think  it 
probable  that  the  Garrison  Road  was  meant  by  the  "  now  rolling  road  " 
mentioned  in  the  deposition  of  William  Bond,  which  is  quoted  in  Note 
23.  For  a  reference  to  this  part  of  the  Garrison  Road  as  the  "  road  to 
the  Iron  Works  "  see  Note  56. 

«Laws  of  Maryland,   1791-1798,  Chapter  XLII,  1797.     For  knowledge 
of  this  most  valuable  record  I  am  indebted  to  Dr.  J.  Hall  Pleasants. 


THE    BALTIMORE    COUNTY    "  GAKRISON."  235 

At  this  time  James  Carroll  owned  all  the  land  on  the  east 
side  of  and  adjacent  to  Gwinn's  Falls,  including  the  site  of 
Carroll  Park,  from  the  mouth  of  the  Falls  north  as  far  as  the 
present  Brunswick  Street  Bridge.  The  only  land  which  he 
owned  west  of  the  Falls  was  a  narrow  strip  of  less  than  three 
acres  which  he  purchased  of  the  Baltimore  Company  in  1796 
as  an  abutment  for  the  Mount  Clare  mill-dam  and  mill-pond. 
The  Baltimore  Company  owned  all  the  land  adjacent  to  the 
west  side  of  Gwinn's  Falls,  (except  the  strip  deeded  to  Car- 
roll in  1796)  as  far  north  as  the  Frederick  Turnpike,  and 
farther  still,  besides  which  it  owned  part  of  "  ISTew  Town  "  on 
the  east  side  of  the  Falls  between  the  Frederick  Turnpike  and 
the  Brunswick  Street  Bridge. 

On  T.  H.  Poppleton's  famous  Plan  on  the  City  of  Balti- 
more, as  laid  out  in  the  year  1817,  the  course  of  the  old  Elk 
Ridge  Road  between  Gwinn's  Falls  and  the  intersection  of 
Cross  Street  with  Columbia  Avenue  is  clearly  shown.  The  old 
road  ran  some  distance  to  the  north  of  the  Mount  Clare  man- 
sion, following  for  a  number  of  blocks  the  line  of  Cole  Street. 
At  about  the  intersection  of  Cole  and  Monroe  Streets,  it  turned 
south-west,  running  within  less  than  a  quarter  of  a  mile  of 
Gwinn's  Run.  It  crossed  the  old  mill-race  and  Gwinn's  Falls 
between  Mount  Clare  Mill  and  the  mouth  of  Gwinn's  Run,  at 
the  point  where  Herkimer  Street  extended  would  intersect  the 
Falls. 

The  Old  Frederick  Road  probably  branched  from  the  Elk 
Ridge  Road  not  far  east  of  Gwinn's  Run,  crossed  first  Gwinn's 
run  and  then  Gwinn's  Falls,  and  intersected  the  Frederick  Turn- 
pike at  Carroll,  east  of  Loudon  Park  Cemetery,  from  which 
point  westward  the  old  road  to  Frederick  still  exists. 

South  of  the  Frederick  Turnpike,  between  Gwinn's  Falls  and 
Gwinn's  Run,  the  Old  Garrison  Road  before  1797  must  have 
run  in  a  southerly  direction  on  James  Carroll's  land,  skirting 
the  lands  which  then  belonged  to  the  Baltimore  Company.  Such 
a  course  would  have  taken  it  almost  directly  to  a  ford  on 
Gwinn's  Falls,  known  since  locally  early  colonial  times,   as 


236  MARYLAND   HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

records  exist  to  prove,  and  for  how  many  years  or  generations 
before  the  first  reference  to  the  place  is  found  in  the  records, 
no  man  can  tell.  It  is  quite  likely  that  the  Old  Garrison  Road 
and  the  Old  Frederick  Road  met  a  short  distance  east  of 
Gwinn's  Falls  and  crossed  the  Falls  at  this  fording-place. 

In  the  certificate  of  survey  of  a  tract  of  land  called  "  Skee- 
man's  Venture,"  laid  out  for  George  Skeeman  on  February 
16th,  1Y16/17,  the  ford  is  mentioned.  This  tract  is  described 
as  follows: 

"  Lying  in  Baltimore  County  on  the  south  side  of  Pattapscoe 
main,*®  beginning  at  two  bounded  white  oaks  standing  nigh 
together  betwixt  two  little  Ivy  hills  ^'^  and  standing  opposite  to 
Peter  Bonds  *^  plantation  and  his  fording  place  on  Gwins  falls, 
a  branch  of  Pattapscoe  river,  a  great  stone  lyeing  in  the  said 
Falls,  and  opposite  to  a  bounded  dogwood  tree  a  bounder  of  a 
tract  of  land  called  Bonds  Interest."  *^ 

On  a  plat  filed  in  the  suit  of  IN'icholas  Carroll  and  others, 
versus  James  Carroll,  dated  1828,  "  The  Old  Ford  "  is  shown 
where  it  crossed  Gwinn's  Falls  a  short  distance  below  the  outlet 
of  "  The  Old  Forge  Tail  Race  "  of  the  Baltimore  Company's 
forge,  and  not  far  above  Mullington  Mill,  at  or  very  near  the 
spot  where  the  beginning  boundary  of  "  ITew  Town "  stood. 
The  site  of  the  old  ford  cannot  be  more  than  a  few  feet  from 
the  bridge  over  which  Brunswick  Street  now  crosses  the  Falls.'''' 

**  A  loose  way  of  speaking  common  in  land  certificates  of  that  date.  This 
tract  lies  north  of  the  Main  Falls  of  Patapsco. 

" "  Ivy  hills "  appears  to  mean  hills  covered  with  mountain  laurel, 
which  is  sometimes  called  "  ivy." 

*  In  the  suit  of  Hill  Savage  and  Eleanor  his  wife  executrix  of  Peter 
Bond  versus  John  Talbott,  November  I7th,  1719,  George  Scayman  "  next 
door  neighbour  to  Mr.  Peter  Bond  and  much  conversane  (sic)  at  his 
house,"  being  sworn  deposed  "  that  sundry  times  he  heard  Peter  Bond 
deceased  say  that  he  would  and  had  charged  John  Talbott  500  tobacco 
for  storage."  ( Court  Proceedings  of  Anne  Arundel  County,  "  Judgments," 
Liber  R.  C.  No.  1,  1719-1720.) 

•Also  called  "Bond's  Increase"  and  "Bond's  Addition." 

"Package  Plats,  No.  25.  I  am  indebted  to  Mr.  Edward  V.  Coonan  for 
knowledge  of  this  plat.  On  it  are  shown  "  Georgia  "  and  "  New  Town." 
Part  of  the  latter  is  marked  "  The  Tract,"  meaning,  we  suppose,  the  land 


THE    BALTIMORE    COUNTY    "  GARRISON."  237 

This  place,  which  the  inferences  we  draw  from  the  old  records 
would  endow  with  so  much  romantic  interest  (for  nothing,  I 
think,  so  fascinates  our  fancy  as  an  ancient  ford),  where,  if  the 
real  facts  are  not  somehow  at  variance  with  what  reasonably 
seems  to  be  true,  not  only  the  road  of  the  Baltimore  County 
rangers  crossed  Gwinn's  Falls,  but  the  great  highway  of  the 
Seneca  Indians  from  the  ITorth  to  Potomac  River,  is  today  a 
scene  so  disgusting  and  sad  that  all  who  have  not  urgent  busi- 
ness there  should  avoid  it.  The  "  little  ivy  hills  "  have  disap- 
peared under  a  spreading  confusion  of  slaughterhouses  and 
stockyards,  and  the  once  beautiful  high  banks  on  the  west  side 
of  the  Falls  are  covered  with  trash  and  refuse.  From  the  east- 
ern bank  the  cries  of  dying  animals  are  plainly  audible.  At 
times  a  rivulet  of  blood  issues  from  a  drain  and  tinges  the 
waters  of  Gwinn's  Falls  a  sickening  red.  Below  the  railroad 
bridge  Gwinn  Runn,  degraded  to  the  condition  of  a  sewer,  flows 
through  a  remnant  of  a  meadow,  by  banks  where  a  few  forlorn 
beeches  still  grow,  and  empties  into  the  larger  stream.  Here 
and  there  one  sees  pitiful  crumbling  relics  of  a  wholesome  past : 
fragments  of  mill  walls  or  foundations,  the  winding  hollows  of 
the  old  mill-races,  the  stone  piers  of  the  mill-dams.  In  the 
meadow  by  Gwinn's  Run  a  great  elm  tree  is  standing ;  and  on 
the  east  side  of  Gwinn's  Falls,  north  of  the  railroad,  stands  an 
aged  white  oak.  In  every  direction  a  once  noble  landscape  is 
in  the  process  of  being  engulfed  in  the  relentless  city,  which, 
before  it  destroys  forever,  first  sullies  unspeakably.  In  the 
midst  of  such  ugliness  and  squalor  it  is  difficult  to  imagine  the 
past. 

The  last  of  the  "  garrison  roads,"  which  we  shall  now  attempt 
to  trace,  is  that  road  which,  according  to  Captain  Oldton's 
report  of  the  year  1697,  ran  from  Patapsco  Falls  "to  the  In- 
habitants," and  was  fourteen  miles  in  length.     It  seems  highly 

in  dispute.  "  Skeeman's  Venture  "  is  shown,  but  is  incorrectly  named 
*'  Skeymore  alias  Seamore's  Adventure."  The  proceedings  in  the  suit  of 
Nicholas  Carroll  and  others  versus  James  Carroll  I  have  never  been 
able  to  find. 


238  MAEYLAND   HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

probable  that  this  road  intersected  the  Garrison  Road  at  the 
fording-place  we  have  just  described,  and  that  the  Baltimore 
County  rangers  habitually  used  the  Garrison  Road  as  a  short- 
cut for  returning  to  the  Garrison  from  ranging  to  the  westward. 

Between  various  fords  on  the  Main  Falls  of  Patapsco  River 
and  fords  on  the  lower  reaches  of  Gwinn's  Falls  there  existed 
in  the  eighteenth  century  three  main  roads,  which,  because  their 
origin  is  mysterious  and  not  explained  by  any  known  records, 
may  possibly  have  been  survivors  of  earlier  military  roads  or 
even  of  Indian  paths. 

In  November,  1733,  the  court  appointed  Charles  Wells  over- 
seer of  the  road  "  from  the  lower  wadeing  place  of  the  main 
falls  of  Potapsco  to  the  second  wadeing  place  of  Gwinns  Falls 
and  of  the  road  "  from  the  lower  fording  place  of  Gwinns  Falls 
to  Moales  Point."  ^^  The  lowest  ford  on  the  Main  Falls  of 
Patapsco  River  was  situated  in  the  immediate  neighborhood  of 
Relay  or  Avalon,  near  the  site  of  the  old  Hockley  Forge.^^ 

"  In  November,  1734,  the  Court  appointed  Oliver  Cromwell  overseer  of 
the  road  "  from  Moles  to  the  lower  fording  place  of  Gwins  falls  "  and  of 
the  road  "  from  the  wading  place  of  Gwins  Falls  to  the  wading  place  of 
the  Main  Falls  of  Patapsco."  These  appear  to  be  the  same  as  those  of 
which  Charles  Wells  was  appointed  overseer  a  year  before.  Both  of 
these  orders  of  court  will  be  found  quoted  in  full  in  "  The  Old  Indian 
Road,"  Part  II,  p.  218-219.  Moale's  Point  was  the  point  at  the  mouth 
of  the  Middle  Branch,  on  the  south  side. 

"^  In  the  year  17(50  there  was  condemned  for  the  Baltimore  Company, 
under  a  writ  of  ad  quod  damnum,  "  for  the  building  and  setting  up  a 
Forge  Mill  and  other  conveniences  .  .  .  for  carrying  on  an  iron  work," 
a  tract  of  100  acres  "  lying  at  the  Main  Falls  of  Patapsco  River  at  the 
fording  Place  from  Baltimore  County  to  Anne  Arundel  County  or  near 
to  the  navigable  water  at  the  head  of  the  said  river  at  some  distance  above 
the  said  Fording  Place  in  Anne  Arundel  County  aforesaid."  (Chancery 
Proceedings,  Liber  B.  T.  No.  1,  1757-1762,  f.  56.)  The  tract  is  described 
as  follows:  "lying  and  being  in  the  county  aforesaid  (Anne  Arundei) 
at  the  Main  Falls  of  Patapsco  River  at  the  Fording  Place  from  Baltimore 
County  to  Anne  Arundel  County,  beginning  at  two  bounded  sapling  oaks 
standing  at  the  end  of  the  north-west  by  north  line  of  a  tract  of  land 
called  Foster's  Fancy,  it  being  the  second  line  of  the  said  land  and  the 
beginning  of  a  tract  called  Hockley  as  also  the  beginning  of  a  tract  called 
Barren  Hills,  etc.,  etc."  In  an  old  manuscript  book  dated  1766  and 
entitled  "  Collection  of  Land  Certificates  Chiefly  in  Baltimore  and  Anne 


THE    BALTIMORE    COUNTY    "  GAEEISON."  239 

The  second  ford  above  the  mouth  of  Gwinn's  Falls  was  proba- 
bly the  one  which  was  situated  where  Brunswick  Street  bridge 
now  stands ;  and  the  first  ford  on  Gwinn's  Falls  appears  to  have 
been  located  between  the  Washington  Turnpike  and  the  mouth 
of  Gwinn's  Eun,  somewhere  along  the  old  mill-race,  now  in 
Carroll  Park.^^     How  much  older  than  1Y33  was  this  road 

Arundel  Counties,"  which  belonged  to  Barrister  Carroll,  I  find  (on  page 
460)  the  copy  of  the  certificate  of  a  tract  of  condemned  land  on  Patapsco 
Falls  surveyed  for  Edward  Norwood  in  1760.  To  this  certificate  Mr. 
Carroll  has  appended  a  note  which  runs  as  follows :  "  The  following  cer- 
tificate will  help  fix  this  beginning  white  oak  with  regard  to  Hockley 
Forge,  vizt  from  the  beginning  to  Hockley  Forge  condemned  land  run 
north  66  degrees  east  52  perches  to  the  falls  (i.  e.  Patapsco  Falls)  at 
Hockley  Forge  tail  race  "  .  .  .  "  now  from  this  white  oak  go  the  meanders 
of  the  falls  north  76  degrees  west  10  perches  to  Dorsey's  tail  race  and  16 
(perches)  to  a  bounded  hickory  at  the  fording  place  of  the  falls."  The 
Hockley  Forge  belonged  to  the  Dorsey  family.  The  ford  evidently  crossed 
the  Falls  at  the  old  Hockley  Forge  mill-race,  the  location  of  which,  I  am 
informed,  is  between  Relay  and  Avalon.  The  land  called  "  Hockley "  is 
not  to  be  confused  with  the  Dorsey  place,  "  Hockley-in-the-Hole,"  which 
has  an  entirely  different  situation  and  history.  "  Hockley  "  was  surveyed 
for  William  Ebden  on  June  23rd,  1669, 

"As  we  have  noted  elsewhere,  an  inquisition  was  held  in  March,  1733/4, 
on  behalf  of  the  Baltimore  Company,  for  the  purpose  of  condemning  100 
acres  of  land,  part  of  Georgia,  situated  on  Gwinn's  Falls  and  Charles's 
Branch  (or  Run),  as  a  site  for  a  forge,  (Chancery  Proceedings,  Liber 
P.  L.  No.  2,  f.  594  et  seq.)  The  forge  was  probably  never  erected  on  this 
site,  and  in  Barrister  Carroll's  book  of  Anne  Arundel  and  Baltimore 
County  certificates  of  survey,  the  certificate  of  this  tract  is  described  as 
that  of  the  "  Baltimore  Company's  furnace  land."  In  the  original  cer- 
tificate the  condemned  land  is  thus  described: 

"  Lying  on  Charles's  Branch  and  Gwyn's  Falls,  beginning  at  the  mouth 
of  a  small  cove  on  the  north  side  of  the  said  cove,  the  said  cove  scituate 
down  ye  Branch  below  the  furnace  and  runs  from  the  mouth  of  the  said 
cove  south  west  98  perches,  thence  south  65  degrees  west  92  perches, 
north  2  degrees  east  96  perches  to  ye  aforesaid  Gwyns  Falls  a  little  below 
the  common  fording  place  next  above  the  Furnace,  thence  north  58  degrees 
west  104  perches,  then  north  37  degrees  west  64  perches,  north  59  degrees 
east  52  perches,  south  37  degrees  east  60  perches  to  the  falls  or  run 
commonly  called  Little  Gwyns  falls,  then  south  59  degrees  west  50  perches, 
south  58  degrees  east  104  perches  to  the  south  side  of  the  said  Gwyns 
falls  a  little  below  the  aforesaid  Ford  near  a  quarry,  thence  running  with 
and  bounding  on  the  aforesaid  Falls  and  branch  to  the  beginning  at  the 
mouth  of  the  aforesaid  cove." 

3 


MARYLAND   HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

between  the  site  of  Eelay  and  the  lower  part  of  Gwinn's  Falls 
can  not  certainly  be  told. 

This  ford,  as  well  as  I  can  determine,  was  located  a  short  distance  above 
the  present  bridge  of  the  Washington  Turnpike,  at  or  above  the  old  Mount 
Clare  Mill,  and  very  near  the  spot  where,  as  shown  on  Poppleton's  Plan 
of  the  City  of  Baltimore,  the  old  Elk  Ridge  Road  crossed  Gwinn's  Falls 
in  1817. 

In  November,  1723,  the  Court  appointed  John  Israel,  John  Giles  and 
Christopher  Randall  to  superintend  the  building  of  a  bridge  over  Gwinns 
Falls.  The  Court  further  ordered  that,  when  the  said  bridge  was  finished, 
the  "  main  road  "  was  to  be  cleared  to  it,  "from  thence  to  Coll  Hammonds 
ferry  house,  where  the  ferry  over  Patapsco  is  to  be  kept,  and  from  the 
landing  on  the  south  side  of  the  said  river  to  the  Long  Bridge  or  Saw 
Mill."  (Court  Proceedings  of  Baltimore  County,  Liber  I.  S.  No.  B.,  f. 
82.)  This  order  of  Court  probably  gives  us  the  origin  of  Hammond's 
Ferry  Road.  The  old  ferry  was  situated  at  the  mouth  of  Deering's  Cove 
on  Patapsco  River.  The  Saw  Mill  or  Long  Bridge  was  on  the  head  of 
Furnace  Creek,  a  branch  of  Curtis  Creek.  At  what  point  on  Gwinn's 
Falls  the  bridge  was  erected,  if  it  ever  was  built,  I  do  not  know.  I  find 
no  further  allusions  to  it,  but  only  references  to  fords. 

In  the  Proceedings  of  the  Baltimore  County  Court  for  March,  1738,  we 
read  the  following  notice: 

"  Whereas  Dr.  Charles  Carroll  has  promised  per  his  letter  bearing  date 
the  11th  February  1738  directed  to  Mr.  Gist  to  clear  a  new  main  road 
from  his  Mill  race  on  Gwinns  Falls  to  the  Main  road  that  leads  from 
Baltimore  Town  to  the  said  Falls  at  a  small  run  near  Mr.  Charles 
Ridgely's  which  said  road  the  said  Carroll  has  promised  to  clear  at  his 
own  expense  and  render  the  same  passable  sufficient  both  for  man  and 
horse  accordingly  as  the  law  in  such  cases  directs.  It  is  therefore  ordered 
by  this  Court  that  when  the  said  Road  is  Cleared  as  aforesaid  that  Mr. 
Thomas  Sheredine  and  Mr.  William  Hammond  view  the  same  and  if  they 
find  it  cleared  and  cossways  sufficient,  that  then  it  be  taken  &  Deemed 
the  Main  road  and  that  the  other  Road  be  stopped  up."  (Balto.  Co. 
Court  Proceedings,  Liber  H.  W.  S.  No.  I,  A.,  2,  f.  352.) 

The  "  small  run  near  Mr.  Charles  Ridgely's  "  refers  to  some  watercourse 
on  the  Ridgely  lands,  "  Ridgely's  Delight,"  a  tract  which  adjoined 
"Georgia"  on  the  east,  on  Ridgely's  Cove;  and  it  was  probably  one  of 
the  streams  which  emptied  into  the  Three  Prong  or  Three  Pond  Branch. 
If  the  reader  will  consult  the  tract-map  in  Scharf's  History  of  Baltimore 
County,  he  will  observe  the  fact  that  "  Georgia  "  and  "  Ridgely's  Delight  " 
join  at  the  intersection  of  Columbia  Avenue  and  Cross  Street,  and  it  was 
doubtless  at  this  point  that  the  Main  Road  was  diverted  from  its  original 
course. 

What  seems  to  me  the  most  plausible  explanation  of  the  foregoing 
record  is  that  Dr.  Carroll  merely  meant  to  define  the  limits  between 
which  he  wished  the  course  of  the  Main  Road  changed,  and  that  the  road 


THE    BALTIMORE    COUNTY    "  GAKEISON."  241 

Another  early  road,  which  connected  the  Falls  of  Patapsco 
with  one  of  the  fords  near  the  mouth  of  Gwinn's  Falls,  crossed 

already  crossed  Gwinn's  Falls  at  the  ford  adjacent  to  the  mill-race  of 
Dr.  Carroll's  mill.  This  was  probably  the  first  ford  above  the  mouth  of 
Gwinn's  Falls.  We  know  that  it  was  the  ford  "  next  above  the  furnace," 
and  that  the  furnace  was  situated  very  near  to,  if  not  actually  at  the 
head  of  navigable  water  on  the  Falls. 

In  November,  1750,  Dr.  Charles  Carroll  presented  the  following  petition 
to  the  Baltimore  County  Court: 

"  To  the  Worshipful  the  Justices  of  Baltimore  County  Court  The 
Petition  of  Doctor  Charles  Carroll  sheweth  that  the  Main  Eoad  towards 
the  Falls  of  Patapsco  leading  from  Baltimore  Town  from  a  small  Kun  to 
the  Westward  of  the  Dwelling  house  of  Mr.  Lyde  Goodwin  to  my  Mill  is  at 
present  a  (sic)  swampy  and  Low  ground  which  in  Winter  Time  is  not 
fit  to  Ride  or  for  carriage  nor  capable  of  being  rendered  fit  without  great 
charge  wherefore  at  my  own  expense  I  have  cleared  a  Road  of  sufficient 
weadth  from  the  said  Run  upon  a  Dry  Ridge  that  will  at  all  times  be 
good  dry  and  passable  to  the  said  Mill  your  Worships  may  therefore 
please  to  order  that  the  overseers  of  the  Highways  in  that  part  may  have 
the  same  marked  as  the  High  Road  in  lieu  of  the  former  for  the  better 
convenience  of  Passengers,  which  petition  being  Read  and  heard  it  is 
Ordered  that  Messrs.  Thomas  Franklin  Charles  Ridgely  and  John  Ridgely 
lay  out  the  said  Road."  (Baltimore  County  Court  Proceedings,  Liber 
T.  R.  No.  6,  1750,  November  Court,  1750,  pages  not  numbered.) 

Lyde  Goodwin,  who  married  a  Ridgely,  was  then  owner  of  part  of 
"Ridgely's  Delight."  The  Main  Road  was  probably  diverted  this  time 
at  or  near  the  same  place  where  it  was  turned  in  1738.  This  was  the 
road  which  was  later  known  as  the  Elk  Ridge  Road.  As  we  have  observed 
before,  there  is  shown  on  Poppleton's  Plan  of  the  City  of  Baltimore,  1817, 
a  road  (indicated  by  dotted  lines)  which  was  undoubtedly  the  old  Elk 
Ridge  Road,  which  emerged  from  Columbia  Avenue  at  Cross  Street,  passed 
around  to  the  north  of  the  Carroll  mansion,  "  Mount  Clare,"  and  crossed 
Gwinn's  Falls  at  the  old  mill-race,  just  above  the  Mount  Clare  Mill. 
There  is  no  reasonable  doubt  that  this  was  the  road  which  Dr.  Carroll 
had  laid  out  in  1750.  The  road  which  he  laid  out  in  1738  and  the 
original  road  probably  both  ran  a  straighter  course  through  "  Swampy 
and  Low  Ground "  between  the  site  of  the  Carroll  mansion  and  the 
Middle  Branch  of  Patapsco  River,  which,  it  is  said,  extended  to  the  foot 
of  the  hill  on  which  the  gardens  and  terraces  of  "  Mount  Clare  "  were 
laid  out.  But  whatever  changes  were  made  in  the  course  of  the  Elk  Ridge 
or  Main  Road  between  "  Ridgely's  Delight  "  and  Gwinn's  Falls,  there  is 
no  reason  to  suppose  that  the  road  ever  crossed  the  Falls  at  any  other 
ford  than  the  one  the  situation  of  which  we  have  just  described. 

A  few  remarks  about  this  "  Main  Road  "  may  be  not  inappropriate  at 
this  juncture.  By  this  name  was  generally  designated  the  old  road  which 
passed  through  the  original  site  of  Baltimore  Town  from  the  head  of  the 


242  MARYLAND   HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

Patapsco  Falls  above  the  place  where  a  certain  Christopher 
Eandall  once  had  a  plantation,  which  was  at  or  very  near  the 

Bay,  skirting  the  tidewater  rivers.  How  early  this  road  existed  is  uncer- 
tain; but  as  early  as  1682  a  road  connected  the  head  of  Patapsco  River 
with  the  head  of  Gunpowder  Eiver.  At  this  time  there  were  ferries  over 
Patapsco,  Bush  and  Gunpowder  Rivers. 

A  tract  called  "  Long  Point  "  surveyed  for  David  Jones  July  26th,  1682, 
begins  "  at  a  Spanish  oak  standing  on  the  west  side  of  the  main  branch 
of  Back  River  (i.  e.,  Herring  Run — ^W.  B.  M.)  about  two  miles  above  the 
road  from  Patapscoe  to  Gunpowder  River."  The  situation  of  "  Long 
Point "  is  shown  on  the  late  Mr.  Story's  admirable  tract-map  of  lands 
east  of  Baltimore  City,  which  hangs  in  the  Baltimore  Court  House.  The 
beginning  of  the  tract  is  about  two  miles  above  the  present  Philadelphia 
Road. 

A  very  early  reference  to  the  old  Main  Road  at  a  point  well  within 
the  old  limits  of  Baltimore  City  is  found  in  the  certificate  of  an  unpat- 
ented survey  called  "  Cole's  Chance,"  which  was  laid  out  for  John  Cole 
July  28th,  1694.  A  description  of  this  tract  will  be  found  in  a  deed 
from  John  Cole  to  Robert  Green.  1702.  (Liber  T.  R.  No.  A.,  f.  191,  Balti- 
more Co.  Land  Records. )  "  Cole's  Chance,"  which  was  afterwards  taken 
up  within  the  well-known  resurvey  called  "  Orange,"  is  thus  described : 
"  Beginning  at  a  bounded  red  oak  on  the  side  of  a  hill  descending  into 
Kemp's  Run  (i.  e.,  a  small  run  which  formerly  flowed  through  the  valley 
between  Patterson  Park  and  Highlandtown,  and  emptied  into  the  head 
of  the  creek  known  as  Harris's,  Kemp's  or  Collett's  Creek,  which  occupied 
the  bed  of  Luzerne  Street)  and  runs  south  by  west  100  perches  to  a 
bounded  red  oak,  south  by  east  12  perches  to  a  bounded  white  oak  by  the 
Main  Road,  west  by  south  100  perches  to  a  bounded  white  oak,  north  16 
degrees  west  114  perches  to  a  bounded  maple  in  Mountenays  Glade  (i.  e., 
the  valley  of  the  Harford  Run  or  Mountenay's  Run),  etc.  etc." 

The  course  of  the  old  Main  Road  through  the  eastern  part  of  the  city 
is  shown  on  Warner  and  Hanna's  Plan  of  the  City  of  Baltimore,  1801. 
A  section  of  the  old  road  lying  north  of  Moniunent  Street  between  Ensor 
Street  and  Bond  Street  was  closed  in  1831  (Balto.  Co.  Land  Records, 
Liber  W.  G.  No.  211,  f,  675).    It  was  then  called  the  Joppa  Road. 

The  old  Main  Road  crossed  Jones  Falls  at  the  ford  which  was  situated 
at  Bath  Street,  just  above  the  famous  bend  of  the  Falls  which  has  long 
since  been  filled  in  and  eliminated.  It  was  here,  on  the  west  side  of  the 
Falls,  that  Jonathan  Hanson's  lowest  mill  was  located.  A  deed  from 
Charles  Carroll  to  Jonathan  Hanson,  millwright,  for  part  of  "  Cole's  Har- 
bour "  or  "  Todd's  Range,"  dated  June  9th,  1711,  begins  "  at  a  bounded 
beech  standing  on  the  west  side  of  the  north  west  branch  (i.  e.,  Jones 
Falls)  by  the  main  road." 

It  is  generally  believed  that  the  western  boundaries  of  Baltimore  Town 
as  laid  out  in  1729  followed  the  old  Main  Road,  and  that  a  part  of  this 
old  road  still  survives  in  Crooked  Lane,  McClellan's  Alley  and  Uhler's 
Alley. 


THE    BALTIMORE    COUNTY    "  GAEEISON."  243 

A  probable  early  reference  to  the  old  ford  on  Jones  Falls,  where  the 
Main  Road  crossed,  is  found  in  the  certificate  of  a  tract  called  "  Hale's 
Folly,"  surveyed  for  Nicholas  Hale  on  February  19th,  1702,  "  on  the  north 
side  of  Jones  Falls,  beginning  at  a  bounded  white  oak  standing  on  the 
north  side  of  the  Roade  leading  from  the  said  Hales  Plantation  to  the 
common  Wadeing  place  of  the  said  falls."  The  road  is  not  the  main  road, 
and  it  is  fair  to  add  that  the  ford  may  have  been  one  higher  up  the  Falls. 

The  old  Main  Road  is  probably  identical  with  Columbia  Avenue  between 
Paca  Street  and  Cross  Street.  This  section  of  the  road  is  mentioned  in 
the  certificate  of  a  tract  called  "  Brotherly  Love  "  laid  out  for  John  Parish 
March  19th,  1714,  "  lying  on  the  north  side  of  Pattapsco  Main,  beginning 
at  2  bounded  white  oaks  and  a  bounded  hickory  standing  a  little  to 
westward  of  the  main  road  on  the  south  side  of  Jones  Falls  and  on  the 
east  side  of  a  branch  of  the  said  river  called  the  Three  Branch  Points  (i.  e., 
the  Three  Pond  or  Three  Prong  Branch,  which  made  up  out  of  Ridgely's 
Cove)."  This  land  in  1732  was  resurveyed  with  other  tracts  for  Charles 
Ridgely  and  called  "Ridgely's  Delight."  At  this  time  the  beginning  of 
"  Brotherly  Love  "  was  ascertained  to  stand  "  a  little  to  the  westward  of 
the  main  road  between  Jones  Falls  and  Gwins  Falls  and  about  twenty 
perches  from  one  of  the  branches  of  the  Three  Pond  Branch  on  the  east 
side  of  the  said  branch."  Mention  of  "  the  main  road  which  leads  from 
Baltimore  Town  to  Dr.  Charles  Carroll's  Mill  and  Iron  Works  lying  on 
Gwins  Falls  "  will  be  found  in  a  deed  from  Charles  Ridgely  to  Lyde 
Goodwin  of  parts  of  "  Rich  Neck  "  and  of  "  Howard's  Timber  Neck  "  dated 
April  24th,  1753.  The  "  Iron  Works "  here  mentioned  are  not  to  be 
identified  with  the  Baltimore  Company's  mills,  but  must  have  been  the 
furnace  mentioned  in  a  letter  from  Dr.  Carroll  to  his  son  Charles,  dated 
February  2nd,  1753,  from  which  we  have  already  quoted. 

In  November,  1743,  the  Court  ordered  "  that  the  road  be  cleared  from 
Potapsco  Ferry  (i.  e..  Ferry  Bar)  through  Baltimore  Town  over  the  new 
Bridge   and   through  Jones   Town   till   it   intersect   the   old  main   road." 

(Balto.    Co.    Court   Proceedings,    Liber   ,    1743-1745,    f.    74.)      The 

bridge,  as  is  well  known,  was  situated  at  the  intersection  of  Jones  Falls 
and  Gay  Street. 

In  November,  1757,  the  Court  appointed  Valentine  Larsh  overseer  of 
roads  "  from  the  Foot  of  Baltimore  Town  Bridge  to  Carroll's  Mill  and 
from  Fell's  Mill  (on  Jones  Falls — W.  B.  M.)  until  it  intersects  the  afore- 
said Road  and  from  Baltimore  Town  to  the  Ferry  point  (Ferry  Bar)  and 
from  Baltimore  Forge  (at  Gwinn's  Falls  and  Wilkens  Avenue  or  just 
below  Wilkens  Ave. — ^W.  B.  M.)  to  Baltimore  Town.  At  the  same  time 
Charles  Carroll  was  appointed  overseer  "  from  the  head  of  Potapsco  to 
Doctor  CarroUs  Mill  on  Gwinns  Falls  from  thence  to  Moale's  Point  and 
from  thence  to  the  head  of  Potapsco."  McLain  Bailey  was  appointed 
overseer  "  from  the  Dead  Run  to  Baltimore  Forge  Dam  from  Baltimore 
Works  to  Hunting  Ridge  and  from  John  Penns  until  it  intersects  the  road 
to  Potapsco  falls  and  from  Ray  landing  to  Emmanuel  Teals."  (Balto. 
Co.  Court  Proceedings,  "  Sessions,"  1757,  f.  85-86.)  The  author  is  unable 
to  identify  all  of  the  roads  mentioned  in  the  order  last  quoted. 


244  MARYLAND    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

site  of  Ellicott  City  or  EUicott's  Lower  Mills.^*     This  road, 

**In  the  proceedings  of  the  Baltimore  County  Court  (Liber  I.  S.  No.  B., 
1708-1715,  f.  276-277)  we  find  a  petition  of  the  inhabitants  "  of  both  sides 
of  the  Main  falls  of  Potapsco,"  presented  in  March,  1719,  in  which  the 
petitioners  set  forth  that  they  "  are  very  much  agreeved  by  Xpher  Randall 
of  the  place  aforesaid  by  refusing  the  inhabitants  of  the  place  aforesaid 
their  common  and  antient  road  to  the  Mill  and  church  and  oblige  the  said 
inhabitants  to  goe  and  uncommon  road  through  bushes  and  mires  soe 
that  the  poor  inhabitants  cannot  go  about  their  lawfull  occasions  without 
indangering  both  horse  and  man,"  and  they  request  the  Court  "  that  the 
said  Christopher  Randall  may  allow  us  our  common  and  ancient  road." 
This  petition  is  signed  by  Jos.  Shewell.  Joseph  Harp,  John  Boden,  Philip 
Sewell,  James  Gaskin,  John  Yeat,  Edward  Teale,  John  Mackinze,  John 
Whipps  and  William  Tucker  or  Tuckner. 

At  the  same  session  of  the  Court  Christopher  Randall  and  others  pre- 
sented a  petition,  "  who  humbly  begs  of  your  worships  for  to  grant  us 
your  petitioners  an  order  of  court  to  have  a  road  cleared  from  the  Riplings 
of  the  Main  falls  of  Potapsco  above  Christopher  Randalls  to  Edward 
Teales  plantation  which  will  be  to  the  benefit  of  all  the  Inhabitants  of 
the  south  side  of  the  said  falls  and  for  the  north  side  as  far  as  Patuxent 
the  old  road  being  dangerous,  deep  and  mirery  which  many  times  sur- 
prises we  men  and  boys  and  makes  business  goe  undone  for  want  of 
knowledge  of  the  other  place  which  is  passable  almost  in  any  weather 
which  makes  us  the  subscribers  beg  an  order  of  your  worships  for  to 
clear  the  same  which  once  granted  shall  be  cleared  and  well  done  to  the 
great  joy  and  benefitt  of  the  Inhabitants  of  both  sides  of  the  said  falls." 
This  petition  is  signed  by  Christopher  Randall,  James  Barley,  John 
Marsh,  Anthony  Musgrove,  Joshua  Browne,  Vallentine  Browne,  Christo- 
pher Walter,  John  Baker,  Thomas  Earpe,  William  Gosnell,  John  Mac- 
caney,  John  Frock,  Charles  Peirpoint,  Charles  Hall,  John  Petticoat,  John 
Matson,  John  Hammond,  Maurice  Gosnell,  Zebediah  Baker,  John  Stinch- 
comb,  John  Belt,  Henry  Carrington,  Tobias  Eminson,  William  Baker, 
Maurice  Baker,  Peter  Gosnell,  Owen  Williams,  Darby  Lane,  Joseph  Harpe 
and  John  Gates. 

The  court  granted  the  foregoing  petition  and  ordered  Mr.  John  Israel 
to  "  view  the  roads  therein  mentioned  and  direct  the  clearing  of  a  road 
as  therein  is  prayed  or  in  the  most  convenient  contiguous  place  as  shall 
seem  to  him  the  best  conveniency  and  that  that  shall  be  for  the  future 
the  road." 

I  cannot  exactly  locate  the  place  where  Edward  Teale  was  living  in 
March,  1719/20;  but  in  the  year  1720  Sarah  Brice  conveyed  to  him  parts 
of  tracts  called  "  Tanyard "  and  "  Quarter."  The  former  lies  on  the 
Frederick  Turnpike  between  Ellicott  City  and  Catonsville.  By  a  deed 
dated  August  30th,  1735,  Edmond  Howard  and  Ruth  his  wife  conveyed 
to  Emmanuel  Teale  a  part  of  "  Tanyard "  which  is  described  as  lying 
"  next  to  the  falls  of  Patapsco  River,  beginning  at  the  middle  branch  of 


THE    BALTIMORE    COUNTY    "  GARRISON."  245 

the  three  branches  between  the  dwelling  plantation  of  Edward  Teal  de- 
ceased and  that  of  William  Hamilton."  In  Barrister  Carroll's  "  Collection 
of  Land  Certificates  Chiefiy  in  Baltimore  and  Anne  Arundel  Counties,"' 
to  which  we  have  already  alluded  on  several  occasions,  there  is  entered 
the  description  of  a  tract  called  "  The  Reserve,"  surveyed  for  Nathanial 
Stinchcomb  in  1704.  This  tract  is  there  described  as  being  situated  "  on 
Ragland,"  as  the  country  on  the  east  side  of  Patapsco  Falls  in  the  neigh- 
borhood of  Ellicott  City  was  then  called,  "  beginning  at  three  bounded 
white  oaks  in  a  valley  in  the  line  of  the  land  called  Stout  near  John 
Whipps  Plantation,"  and  runs  to  a  hickory  on  a  hill  near  Patapsco  Falls. 
Mr.  Carroll  has  added  this  note :  "  Stinchcomb  mortgaged  this  to  Brice 
which  was  redeemed  by  Edward  Teal,  who  entailed  it  to  his  Daughter 
Ruth  Teal  for  whose  Husband  Edmond  Howard  J.  Gardiner  run  it."  The 
land  called  "  Stout "  was  almost  certainly  the  site  of  Christopher  Ran- 
dall's plantation  at  the  date  of  the  foregoing  petitions,  as  we  shall  shortly 
observe.     John  Whipps  signed  one  of  these  petitions. 

The  question  of  Edward  Teale's  residence  at  this  time  is  probably 
settled  by  information  given  in  his  will,  which  is  dated  May  5th,  1720. 
He  leaves  to  his  son  Emmanuel  Teale  and  to  his  daughter  Ruth  "  The 
Tanyard "  and  "  Addition "  to  be  divided  at  the  middle  of  three 
"  branches  "  between  his  dwelling  house  and  that  of  William  Hamilton. 
He  directs  that  his  son  Emmanuel  Teale  is  to  have  that  part  on  which 
the  dwelling  house  stands  and  his  daughter  Ruth  that  part  which  was 
next  to  the  Falls  of  Patapsco  River.  "  The  Tanyard  "  lies  west  of  Catons- 
ville  on  both  sides  of  the  Frederick  Turnpike. 

In  the  month  of  August,  1728,  the  Court  appointed  Henry  Butler  over- 
seer of  the  roads  "from  Potapsco  Ferry  (now  Ferry  Bar — ^W.  B.  M.)  to 
Jones  Falls  at  Mary  Hansons  Mill,  from  the  said  Mill  to  Guinns  Falls, 
from  the  same  Mill  to  Guinns  falls  leading  to  the  main  falls  above 
Christopher  Randalls  plantation";  and,  at  the  same  time,  George  Bailey 
was  appointed  overseer  of  the  roads  "  from  the  main  falls  by  Christopher 
Randalls  to  Guins  falls  where  the  road  passes  to  the  widow  Hansons  Mill, 
and  from  Bens  Run  by  the  plantation  where  Zebediah  Baker  now  lives 
to  the  aforesaid  place  of  Gwins  falls."  (Balto.  Co.  Court  Proceedings, 
Liber  I.  W.  S.  No.  6,  1728-1730,  f.  26  et  seq.) 

Hanson's  mill,  as  we  have  already  shown,  was  situated  on  Jones  Falls 
at  Bath  Street.  The  road  between  this  mill  and  Christopher  Randall's 
plantation  must  have  crossed  Gwinn's  Falls  either  at  the  ford  a  short 
distance  above  Mount  Clare  Mill  or  at  the  second  ford  at  Brunswick  Street 
bridge.  I  am  inclined  to  think  that  the  road  which  ran  from  Ben's  Run 
by  Zebediah  Baker's  to  the  same  ford  of  Gwinn's  Falls  as  that  where  the 
road  to  Christopher  Randall's  crossed  was  the  predecessor  of  the  Old 
Frederick  Road  by  Ellicotts  Upper  Mills. 

By  a  deed  dated  November  5th,  1717,  Anthony  Bale  conveyed  to  Christo- 
pher Randall  three  hundred  and  twenty-nine  acres  of  a  tract  called 
"  Stout "  on  Patapsco  Falls  adjoining  the  land  of  John  Whipps.  It 
seems  to  me  almost  certain  that  the  plantation  of  Christopher  Randallj, 


246  MAEYLAND   HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

when  we  first  find  the  record  of  it,  apparently  extended  as  far 
west  as  Patuxent  River,  and  probably  went  to  Potomac.'^'^ 

The  old  Windsor  Mill  Road  existed  before  the  founding  of 
Baltimore,  and  its  origin  is  obscure;  but  it  is  doubtful  if  it 
originally  went  as  far  as  the  Patapsco."* 

to  which  the  above  petitions  have  reference,  was  located  on  this  tract; 
for  Eandall  apparently  owned  no  other  lands  on  the  Falls  at  that  time. 
This  land  was  conveyed  by  Roger  Randall  to  William  Williams  in  the 
year  1754.  On  April  24th,  1771,  William  Williams,  "  iron  founder,"  con- 
veyed a  part  of  this  tract  to  Joseph,  Andrew,  Nathaniel  and  John  EUicott 
of  Bucks  County,  Pennsylvania,  millwrights  (the  land  had  been  resur- 
veyed  and  called  "Mount  Gilboa").  The  same  day  Emmanuel  Teal  con- 
veyed to  the  Ellicott  brothers  another  part  of  "  Stout "  called  "  Teale'a 
Search."  On  these  lands  the  Ellicott  family  founded  Ellicott's  Lower 
Mills,  near  the  spot  where  Ellicott  City  now  stands.  (See  Charles  W. 
Evans's  "  Biographical  Accounts  of  the  Fox,  Ellicott  and  Evans  Fam- 
ilies," published  in  1882.) 

The  old  road  from  Hanson's  mill  on  Jones  Falls  to  and  across  Patapsco 
Falls  near  the  site  of  Ellicott  City  may  be  that  which  is  shown  on 
modern  maps  as  the  "  Old  Frederick  Road,"  a  road  not  to  be  confused 
with  another  Old  Frederick  Road  which  went  to  Ellicott's  Upper  Mills. 
The  Frederick  Turnpike  was  laid  out  in  the  year  1787,  from  Baltimore 
to  Frederick  by  Ellicott's  Lower  Mills.  (Laws  of  Maryland,  1787,  Chap- 
ter XXIII.) 

^  We  must  not  forget  the  "  path  that  goes  from  Potomock  to  the  Su3- 
quehannoh  Rivers  "  mentioned  in  the  letter  of  Thomas  Thurston  to  Clement  ~ 
Hill,  April  12th,  1686.    ("The  Old  Indian  Road,"  Part  I,  Maryland  His- 
torical Magazine,  June,  1920,  p.  114.) 

"*  As  this  road  is  older  than  the  city  through  which  it  now  runs,  I 
venture  to  tell  what  I  know  of  its  history,  although  that  history  has 
apparently  nothing  in  particular  to  do  with  the  subject  of  this  article. 

The  following  notice  appears  in  the  proceedings  of  the  Baltimore  County 
Court  for  November,  1757: 

"  At  a  court  held  .  .  .  the  first  Tuesday  of  November,  1757,  the  follow- 
ing petition  was  exhibited,  vizt 

"  To  the  Worshipful  Bench  of  Baltimore  County  Court  sheweth,  your 
petitioners  has  quietly  possessed  a  road  upwards  of  thirty  years  which 
is  now  fenced  in  and  trees  fallen  across  in  such  manner  that  we  can't 
get  a  passage  to  Baltimore  Town  to  Cart  or  role  Tobacco  nor  no  other 
necessary  Business  and  this  being  a  second  time  we  have  cleared  a  road 
and  being  stopped  up  each  Time  as  aforementioned  your  petitioners  hvmibly 
pray  you  will  appoint  an  indifferent  Person  to  make  out  a  road  and  put 
it  upon  Record  as  all  other  main  roads  as  appoint  one  of  your  Petitioners 
as  Overseer  to  clear  the  said  road." 

This  petition  is  signed  by  William  Rogers,  Mayberry  Helms,  Sr.,  Edward 


THE    BALTIMOEE    COUNTY    "  GAEEISON."  247 

It  is  hardly  possible  that  any  of  these  roads  was  the  road  to 
which  Captain  Oldton  refers  in  his  report,  as  leading  from  the 
Main  Falls  of  Patapsco  River  to  the  settlements.     We  are  in- 

Pontany,  John  Wooden,  John  Wooden  (one  of  these  evidently  John 
Wooden,  Jr.),  Solomon  Wooden,  Nathaniel  Young,  James  Hood,  Edward 
Lwes  (Lewes?),  Sr.,  William  Meier  (Miller),  Edward  Lwes,  Jr.,  Hannah 
Wouenhens  and  Zac  Mackubin. 

The  Court  ordered  Messrs.  John  Kidgely,  Brian  Philpott  and  John 
Ensor,  Jr.,  to  view  and  to  lay  out  the  said  road,  who  returned  their 
report  the  first  Tuesday  in  March,  1757: 

"Baltimore  County:  Pursuant  to  the  above  order  of  Court  we  the 
Subscribers  have  viewed  and  laid  out  a  road  for  the  within  Petitioners 
the  said  road  continue  as  the  road  now  comes  from  a  fording  Place  m 
Guinns  Falls  now  called  by  the  name  of  William  Miller's  Ford  until  it 
intersects  the  main  road  that  leads  to  the  Baltimore  Iron  Works  a  little 
above  John  Wooden  senior's  plantation,  so  with  the  said  road  as  low  as 
the  upper  end  of  John  Wooden  junior's  lane,  then  as  a  road  now  comes 
through  the  widow  Hutchins's  plantation  and  Mayberry  Helm's  planta- 
tion, then  as  straight  as  it  can  be  conveniently  cut  through  Messrs. 
Alexander  Lawson  and  William  Lux's  lands  to  the  intersection  of  the 
main  road  that  leads  to  Baltimore  Town  just  above  the  upper  end  of 
Mr.  Lux's  plantation."  (Balto.  County  Court  Proceedings,  "Sessions,' 
1757-1759,  f.  21.) 

The  road  thus  described  was  undoubtedly  that  which  is  now  called 
the  Windsor  Mill  Road.  The  ford  called  William  Miller's  ford  evidently 
owed  its  name  to  a  certain  William  Miller,  who,  in  the  year  1763,  con- 
veyed to  Edward  Smith  part  of  "  Crowley's  First  Venture  "  on  the  west 
side  of  Gwinn's  Falls,  beginning  at  the  mouth  of  Dead  Run,  and  running 
up  the  Falls  a  considerable  distance,  as  far,  at  least,  as  the  place  where 
the  Windsor  Mill  Road  now  crosses.  The  main  road  which  led  to  tho 
Baltimore  Iron  Works  was  evidently  the  Garrison  Road,  and  the  "  Iron 
Works  "  meant  the  forge  on  the  east  side  of  Gwinn's  Falls  below  Wilkens 
Avenue.  The  present  Windsor  Mill  Road  follows  the  Garrison  Road  for 
about  half  a  mile  on  that  part  of  "  Parish's  Range "  which  George  Ogg 
bought  of  Edward  Parish  in  1697,  and  which  John  Wilmot  sold  to  John 
Wooden  in  1738.  In  1752  John  Wooden  deeded  to  his  son  John  Wooden, 
Jr.,  the  lower  part  of  this  tract,  and  the  same  year  he  gave  to  his  son 
Solomon  Wooden  the  upper  part.  He  kept  the  middle  part  for  himself. 
William  Huchins  or  Houohins  in  1757  owned  part  of  "  Parish's  Range  " 
immediately  east  of  that  which  was  then  in  possession  of  John  Wooden, 
Jr.  This  he  purchased  in  two  parcells  from  John  Wilmot  in  1738.  East 
of  William  Hutchins  was  a  part  of  "  Parish's  Fear "  which  Mayberry 
Helm  then  owned  in  right  of  his  wife  Anna,  a  daughter  of  Edward  Parish. 
Alexander  Lawson  then  owned  tracts  called  "  Hap  Hazard,"  "  Happy  Be 
Lucky  "  and  "  Daniel's  Whimsey  "  which  he  purchased  from  the  executors 


248  MARYLAND   HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

clined  to  favor  the  theory  that  the  Old  Frederick  Road,  if  any 
existing  road,  may  be  identical  with  the  road  of  1697,  described 
by  Captain  Oldton. 

The  Old  Frederick  Eoad  branches  off  from  the  present  Fred- 
erick Turnpike  east  of  Loudon  Park  Cemetery,  and  crosses 
Patapsco  Falls  several  miles  above  Ellicott  City,  where  Elli- 
cott's  Upper  Mills,  originally  Hood's  Mill,  were  situated.  At 
this  place  there  was  formerly  a  ford  which  was  known  as  Air's 
Ford  or  as  Gardiner's  Wading-place.^'^     If  we  are  correct  in 

of  John  Gardiner  in  1741.  Part  of  these  lands  lies  hetween  "Parish's 
Fear  "  and  "  Chatsworth."  The  latter  tract  in  1757  was  in  the  possession 
of  William  Lux.  A  study  of  these  facts  should,  I  think,  convince  the 
reader  that  the  road  described  in  the  above  record  was  no  other  than 
the  Windsor  Mill  Road.  The  old  Windsor  Mill  on  Gwinn's  Falls,  some 
distance  above  the  mouth  of  Dead  Run,  is  shown  on  a  map  entitled  "  Road 
From  Baltimore  to  Patapsco  Falls,"  Package  Plats,  No.  184. 

*"  In  the  year  1766  there  was  granted  to  James  Hood,  wheelwright,  under 
a  writ  of  ad  quod  damnum,  a  tract  of  twenty  acres,  lying  on  both  sides 
of  Patapsco  Falls,  "  near  a  place  or  Ford  called  Air's  Ford  "  ( Chancery 
Proceedings,  Liber  D.  D.  No.  2,  Jt.  5).  The  land  thus  condemned  was 
made  up  of  parts  of  several  tracts,  including  "  Hood's  Haven,"  "  Cockey's 
Regulation  "  and  "  Baker's  Delight."  Another  reference  to  Air's  Ford  will 
be  found  in  the  Maryland  Gazette  for  March  2nd,  1769,  in  an  advertise- 
ment inserted  by  Valentine  Brown,  Jr.  "  Cockey's  Regulation  "  was  pa- 
tented to  Thomas  Cockey  January  30th,  1747,  being  a  resurvey  of  an 
unpatented  tract  called  "  Long  Discovery,"  which  was  laid  out  for  Christo- 
pher Gardiner  in  the  year  1719.  In  Barrister  Charles  Carroll's  "  Collec- 
tion of  Land  Certificates  Chiefly  in  Anne  Arundel  and  Baltimore  Coun- 
ties "  we  find  the  following  description  of  "Cockey's  Regulation": 
"  beginning  at  a  bounded  white  oak  and  a  bounded  hickory  by  the  falls 
side  (i.  e.,  Patapsco  Falls)  a  little  below  Gardner's  Wading  place,  the 
original  beginning  of  Long  Discovery."  No  mention  is  made  of  "  Gard- 
ner's Wading  Place  "  in  the  original  certificate  of  "  Cockey's  Regulation." 
The  original  certificate  of  "Long  Discovery"  (Unpatented  Certificates, 
Baltimore  County,  No.  913)  is  mutilated,  and  the  part  which  described 
the  beginning  of  the  land  is  missing.  It  seems  quite  probable  that  the 
wading  place  was  mentioned  in  the  certificate  of  "  Long  Discovery."  In 
the  year  1774  Benjamin  Hood,  the  heir  of  James  Hood,  conveyed  to 
Joseph,  Andrew,  Nathaniel  and  John  Ellicott,  and  to  George  Wall,  Jr., 
"Hood's  Haven,"  "Baker's  Delight"  and  "Addition  to  Hood's  Haven," 
and  also  "  the  remainder  or  residue  for  a  term  of  eighty  years  for  twenty 
acres  condemned  for  a  grist  mill";  and  in  1777  George  Wall,  Jr.,  con- 
veyed to  the  Ellicott  brothers  his  share  of  these  lands.     The  mills  known 


THE    BALTIMORE    COUNTY    "  GAKRISON."  249 

our  supposition  that  the  road  west  from  the  Garrison  went  to 
the  South  Branch  of  Patapsco  Falls,  the  identity  of  the  Old 
Frederick  Road  and  the  road  "  to  the  Inhabitants,"  fourteen 
miles  in  length,  seems  the  more  probable.  Unfortunately,  how- 
ever, no  certain  proof  of  the  antiquity  of  the  Old  Frederick 
Road  appears  to  be  obtainable.^® 

as  Ellicott's  Upper  Mills  were  built  on  this  property.  In  Charles  W. 
Evan's  "  Biographical  Accounts  of  the  Fox,  Ellicott  and  Evans  Families," 
published  in  1882,  there  is  a  wood-cut  of  Ellicott's  Upper  Mills,  which, 
according  to  the  author,  dates  from  about  1781.  This  wood-cut  shows  the 
old  ford  which  crossed  Patapsco  Falls  below  the  mill-dam. 

*In  the  year  1774  the  Maryland  Assembly  passed  an  act  for  the  "  im 
provement  of  the  principal  market  roads "  in  Baltimore,  Anne  Arundel 
and  Frederick  Coimties,  and  voted  a  loan  to  the  inhabitants  of  the  said 
counties  "  to  be  laid  out  "  in  opening,  straightening,  widening  and  repair 
ing  and  putting  in  good  order  "  certain  roads  in  these  counties,  including 
"  the  road  from  Frederick  Town  leading  over  Rue's  Ford  on  Monocacy  and 
crossing  Patuxent  River  at  Green's  Bridge  to  Annapolis;  the  road  from 
Frederick  Town  leading  over  the  said  Ford  on  Monocacy,  and  crossing 
Patapsco  at  or  near  Hood's  Mill  to  Baltimore  Town."  (Laws  of  Mary- 
land, 1774,  Chapter  XXI.) 

In  the  year  1792  the  Maryland  Assembly  passed  a  law  which  was 
entitled: 

"  An  act  to  establish  the  road  from  Baltimore-Town  towards  Frederick- 
town,  by  Ellicott's  Upper  Mills,  as  far  as  the  Poplar  Spring,  as  a  public 
road."  (Laws  of  Maryland,  1792,  Chapter  XXXV.) 

This  act  recalls  the  fact  that  "  sundry  inhabitants  of  Baltimore,  Anne 
Arundel  and  Frederick  County  .  .  .  have  set  fourth  that  from  time 
immemorial  ther  hath  been  a  road  leading  from  Baltimore  Town  to  the 
town  of  Frederick  by  Dillon's  Field,  Ellicott's  Upper  Mills,  Cumming's 
New  Buildings,  Fox's,  the  Red  House,  Cook's  Tavern  and  the  Poplar 
Spring  and  that  it  hath  never  been  made  into  a  public  road." 

As  we  have  noted  before,  Ellicott's  Upper  Mills  were  erected  on  the  site 
of  an  earlier  mill  which  was  built  by  James  Hood  in  or  about  1766, 
and,  with  the  land  belonging  to  it,  was  conveyed  to  the  Ellicott  brothers 
in  1774.  It  is  hardly  possible,  however,  that  the  above  acts  of  the  Mary- 
land Assembly  refer  to  the  same  road. 


Before  we  conclude  this  article  on  the  Baltimore  County 
rangers,  their  roads,  their  principal  fort  and  their  several  out- 
posts, we  venture  to  advance  a  theory  with  regard  to  the  motive 
which  led  to  the  choice  of  the  land  at  the  head  of  Slaughterhouse 


250  MARYLAND   HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

Run  as  the  site  of  the  Garrison.  The  reason  why  the  Garrison 
was  built  at  this  place,  and  not  somewhere  else  between  the 
Susquehannah  River  and  the  Main  Falls  of  the  Patapsco,  in  all 
that  wide  range  of  what  was  then  Baltimore  County,  has,  so  far 
as  we  are  aware,  never  been  explained ;  and  it  is  likely  that  to 
the  few  who  have  given  attention  to  the  subject  of  the  Garrison, 
its  situation  seemed  so  natural,  so  little  peculiar,  so  much,  as  it 
were,  where  we  might  have  expected  to  find  it,  as  to  necessitate 
no  explanation. 

However,  we  believe  that  a  definite,  even  a  cogent  reason 
may  have  determined  the  selection  of  the  site,  and  that  this 
reason  may  be  found  in  the  theory  that  two  important  main 
Indian  highways  crossed  one  another  at  that  point,  or  in  its 
immediate  neighborhood,  paths  over  which  Indian  troops  and 
bands,  bound  on  hunting  or  war  expeditions,  had  long  been 
accustomed  to  travel.  If  this  was  indeed  the  case,  the  Garrison 
served  another  purpose  than  that  of  headquarters  and  fort  for 
the  Rangers.  It  served  as  a  place  for  intercepting,  observing 
and  overaweing  Indian  wayfarers  on  their  usual  roads,  and  for 
impressing  upon  them  the  strength  and  warlike  intentions  of 
the  English  settlers.  Looking  back,  as  it  is  our  privilege  to  do, 
over  the  subsequent  history  of  the  place,  we  realize  that  in  but 
a  comparatively  few  years  after  the  Garrison  was  built  this 
was  beginning  to  be  civilized,  settled  country;  but  we  need 
not  be  reminded,  that,  at  the  time  when  the  Garrison  was 
erected,  the  country  about  and  adjacent  to  it  had  an  uninter- 
rupted savage  past  extending  back  through  all  antiquity. 

Those  who  have  read  this  author's  articles  on  "  The  Old 
Indian  Road  "  may  remember  that  we  traced,  by  means  of  ref- 
erences found  in  records  of  the  eighteenth  century,  a  road  called 
"  The  Old  Indian  Road  "  from  a  point  somewhere  south-west 
of  Westminster  down  along  the  divide  between  Beaver  Run  and 
the  North  Branch  of  Patapsco  Falls,  and  across  the  Falls  at 
Lawndale,  to  the  neighborhood  of  Woodensburg,  where  we  lost 
certain  trace  of  it.  We  also  followed  a  road  of  the  same  name 
from  a  point  a  short  distance  west  of  the  Garrison  across  the 


THE    BALTIMOKE    COUNTY    "  GAEEISON."  251 

head  of  the  West  Branch  of  Jones  Falls  to  the  Main  Falls  of 
Patapsco  River  at  Woodstock,  coinciding,  between  Scutt's  Level 
Branch  and  the  Falls,  with  the  present  Old  Court  Road. 

It  is  a  serious  question  in  my  mind  whether  these  two  sections 
of  Indian  road  may  safely  be  regarded  as  parts  of  one  and  the 
same  Indian  highway.  That  section,  which  is  partly  today 
represented  by  the  Old  Court  Road,  has  the  appearance  of 
being  part  of  a  road  which  came  from  eastward  of  the  Garrison. 
If  we  attempt  to  join  on  the  map  the  known  eastern  limit  of 
this  section  of  road  with  the  southern  known  end  of  that  other 
section,  the  result  will  be  a  road  which  seems  rather  aimless, 
and  is  in  sharp  contrast  to  the  appearance  of  the  two  sections 
by  themselves,  crosses  Patapsco  Falls  and  then,  after  bending 
around  through  the  central  part  of  Baltimore  County,  somewhat 
sharply  returns  to  Patapsco  Falls  again. 

The  theory  that  the  Old  Indian  Road,  along  which  the  Court 
Road  was  originally  laid  out,  was  part  of  an  extensive  Indian 
highway  which  crossed  old  Baltimore  County  from  east  to  west, 
or  in  that  general  direction,  is  not  entirely  in  want  of  facts  to 
support  it.  We  know  from  the  deposition  of  a  certain  Charles 
Hewitt,  taken  in  the  year  1697,  that  an  Indian  trail  passed 
across  the  Forks  of  Gunpowder  River  a  few  miles  above  the 
head  of  tidewater,  and  that  Indians  were  then  using  this  road 
in  going  to  or  returning  from  "  their  hunting  Quarters."  The 
deponent  declares  that  Indians  have  been  lately  passing  his 
house  dressed  in  war  paint  and  fully  armed  "  under  pretence 
of  going  to  Potomock  to  trade."  ^^  We  know  further  that  a 
ford  on  Deer  Creek  not  far  above  Sandy  Hook  was  formerly 
known  as  the  Indian  Ford,  and  that  a  tradition  existed  in  that 
neighborhood  of  an  Indian  road  which  went  to  Patapsco  River, 
if  not  farther.^^  These  evidences  appear  to  justify  the  suppo- 
sition that  the  Old  Indian  Road  betwen  the  Garrison  and  Wood- 
stock was  part  of  a  long  Indian  highway  which  ran  from  some 

*  "  The  Old  Indian  Road,"  Part  I,  Maryland  Historical  Magazine,  Juno, 
1920,  p.  115  et  seq. 
•"'The  Old  Indian  Road,"  Part  I,  p.  123-124. 


252  MARYLAND   HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

ford  on  the  lower  Susquehanna  River  south-west  across  Harford 
County,  crossed  the  Great  Falls  of  Gunpowder  River  near  the 
mouth  of  that  stream,  probably  at  the  Long  Calm,  and  then 
took  a  west  course  to  the  vicinity  of  the  Garrison,  destined  to 
some  unknown  place  on  Potomac  River.  As  we  shall  presently 
observe,  this  could  not  have  been  a  Seneca  trail.  It  was  prob- 
ably used  by  the  Delawares.  At  what  ford  it  crossed  the  Sus- 
quehanna, if,  as  seems  not  unlikely,  it  did  cross  that  river,  we 
cannot  positively  tell.  The  lowest  ford  on  the  Susquehanna 
appears  to  have  been  that  which  was  known  to  the  English  as 
the  Bald  Friar.^^     If  this  was  indeed  a  Delaware  road,  an 

"  A  tract  of  land  called  "  Maiden's  Mount "  surveyed  for  Robert  West 
June  10th,  1721,  is  thus  described: 

"  Lying  on  the  west  side  of  Susquehanna  River,  beginning  at  four 
bounded  Beeches  in  the  Ford  bottom  of  the  said  River  near  the  mouth  of 
a  small  branch." 

This  land  lies  on  the  west  side  of  the  Susquehanna  River  opposite 
to  the  place  still  known  as  the  Bald  Friar. 

In  a  letter  written  in  the  year  1723  by  Governor  Charles  Calvert  to 
Governor  Keith  of  Pennsylvania,  Governor  Calvert  notified  Governor 
Keith  that  he  intended  to  take  astronomical  observations  on  the  11th  of 
September  of  that  year  "  upon  the  plantation  of  Robert  West  called 
Maiden's  Mount  in  Baltimore  County  but  commonly  known  by  the  name 
of  Bald  Fryar "  (John  Gibson's  History  of  York  County,  p.  38,  quoted 
from  Pennsylvania  Archives) . 

"  Barnes's  Delight,"  surveyed  for  Ford  Barnes  September  15th,  1725, 
lies  on  the  west  side  of  Susquehanna  River,  "  beginning  at  a  bounded 
white  oak  at  the  head  of  a  branch  descending  into  the  Ford  Bottom." 

The  "  Ford  Bottom  "  alluded  to  in  the  above  certificates  of  survey  was 
the  river  valley  or  "  bottom  "  adjacent  to  the  Bald  Friar  Ford.  The 
name  proves  that  the  ford  was  known  to  the  English  as  early  as  1721. 

A  tract  of  land  called  "  Paradise,"  which  adjoins  "  Maiden's  Mount " 
on  the  south  and  west,  is  thus  described  in  a  deed  from  John  Hammond 
to  Wm.  Cannon  dated  March  9th,  1730:  "  Lying  upon  the  Rock  Runn  (now 
Peddler  Branch)  near  the  lower  Ford  on  the  west  side  of  Susquehanna 
River." 

The  Bald  Friar  Ford  seems  to  have  been  the  lowest  ford  on  the  Sus- 
quehanna River.     The  next  above  was  probably  at  Peach  Bottom. 

In  November,  1754,  the  Court  appointed  Skipwith  Cole  overseer  of  the 
roads    "  from   the   Rock   Run    to   the    ford   and   from    the   Rock   Run    to 

Zachariah  Spencer's"   (Balto.  Co.  Court  Proceedings,  Liber  ,  1733- 

1734,  f.  354  et  seq.).    The  Upper  Rock  Run  or  Peddler  Branch  was  meant. 

In  November,  1756,  the  inhabitants  on  the  north  side  of  Deer  Creek 


THE    BALTIMORE    COUNTY    "  GAKEISON."  253 

explanation  is  found  for  tlie  fact  that  the  South  Branch  of 
Patapsco  River  was  called  the  Delaware  Falls.®^ 

The  question  of  the  Seneca  Indian  road  this  author  has 
already  discussed  in  "  The  Old  Indian  Road."  ^^     We  know 

presented  to  the  Court  the  following  petition :  "  that  some  time  ago  your 
Worships  were  petitioned  by  a  number  of  the  Inhabitants  aforesaid  that 
a  road  might  be  laid  out  from  Col  Rigbie's  (Colonel  Nathaniel  Rigbie's, 
near  Darlington — W.  B.  M.)  late  deceased  to  Susquehannah  Ford  com- 
monly called  the  Bald  Friar  landing  which  petition  the  court  was  pleased 
to  grant  but  nothing  to  any  purpose  done  in  clearing  the  same  and  at 
last  was  entirely  neglected.  That  at  present  there  seems  to  be  a  more 
urgent  necessity  for  a  road  to  the  said  landing  than  formerly  numbers 
of  people  about  Deer  Creek  and  the  Land  of  Nodd  forest  having  frequent 
occasion  to  travel  the  same,  there  being  now  a  Ferry  kept  at  the  opposite 
side  of  the  said  landing  and  a  store  there  erected  besides  a  very  great 
conveniency  of  a  market  whereby  your  petitioners  may  have  an  opportunity 
of  disposing  of  wheat  and  corne  etc.  to  a  good  advantage  without  the 
fatigue  of  attending  markets  at  a  much  greater  distance  as  also  it  being 
the  most  near  and  convenient  way  for  most  of  your  petitioners  who  may 
have  occasion  to  travel  to  Lancaster."  (Balto.  Co.  Court  Proceedings, 
Liber  B.  B.  No.  C,  1756,  November  Court,  1756.)  The  petitioners  added 
that  they  thought  it  would  be  more  convenient  to  lay  out  the  said  road 
"  from  the  Chappell  adjoining  John  Dunn's  land  and  so  continuing  until 
it  enters  near  to  the  house  of  John  West  and  so  down  to  the  river." 

In  the  year  1757  the  Court  appointed  John  West  overseer  "  of  the  road 
from  the  Chappell  adjoining  to  John  Dunn's  land  and  so  continuing  untill 
it  enters  near  to  the  house  of  John  West  and  so  down  to  Susquehannah 
Forde  called  the  Bald  Fryers."  ( Balto.  Co.  Court  Proceedings,  "  Sessions," 
1757-1759,  f.  88)  ;  and  in  the  year  1759  the  Court  appointed  David  Morgan 
overseer  of  the  road  "  from  the  Bald  Friers  Ferry  leading  to  the  Chappell 
till  it  intersects  the  main  road  leading  from  Ashmore's  Mill  to  Eock  Run 
landing  (the  Lower  Rock  Rim,  where  another  ferry  was  kept — W.  B.  M.)  " 
(same,  f.   180). 

The  certificate  of  survey  of  an  island  called  Indian  Island  (unpatented 
Certificate  240,  Harford  County)  surveyed  for  John  Kirk,  1820,  mentions 
the  "Bald  Friar  Ferry  House." 

It  is  said  that  Lafayette's  army  crossed  the  Susquehanna  River  at  the 
Bald  Friar  Ford. 

•*  For  the  names  "  Delaware  Falls,"  "  Delaware  Bottom "  and  "  Dela- 
ware Hundred "  see  "  The  Old  Indian  Road,"  Part  III,  Maryland  His- 
torical Magazine,  December,  1920,  351.  A  tract  called  "  Delaware  Bot- 
tom "  was  laid  out  on  the  South  Branch  of  Patapsco  in  1717.  In  1678 
the  Delaware  Indians  laid  claim  to  the  lands  in  the  then  upper  parts  of 
Baltimore  and  Cecil  Counties.     (Md.  Archives,  Vol.  XV,  p.  175.) 

"  "  The  Old  Indian  Road,"  Part  I,  p.  110  et  seq. 


254  MARYLAND   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

that  in  the  year  1680  the  road  which  the  Senecas  followed  in 
their  excursions  southward  passed  near  the  house  of  a  certain 
Anthony  Demondidier,  a  Frenchman,  then  a  resident  of  Balti- 
more County ;  and  that  the  only  lands  which  Anthony  Demon- 
didier owned  at  this  time  were  three  tracts,  "  Rich  Neck  Level," 
"  Cold  Comfort "  ^*  and  "  Roper's  Range,"  which  are  situated 
on  the  south  side  of  the  Middle  Branch  of  Patapsco  River,  the 
first  two  on  the  site  of  Westport,  at  the  mouth  of  Gwinn's  Falls, 
and  the  third  not  far  distant,  between  Westport  and  the  mouth 
of  the  Middle  Branch.  Concerning  this  Seneca  road  we  also 
have  valuable  knowledge  of  a  negative  character.  Colonel 
George  Wells,  who  commanded  the  Baltimore  County  militia, 
was  of  the  opinion  that  an  attack  made  by  Indians  on  the  house 
of  Thomas  Richardson  on  Gunpowder  River  in  the  month  of 
May,  1680,  could  not  have  been  made  by  Senecas,  because  "  the 
house  lyes  a  greate  way  from  their  roade  in  a  neck."  This  testi- 
mony of  Colonel  Wells'  eliminates  from  our  consideration  the 
south  eastern  part  of  Old  Baltimore  County. 

It  is  a  well-known  fact  that  the  Susquehannough  Indians, 
after  being  defeated  by  the  Five  Nations  in  1673-4,  took  refuge 
in  Maryland,  and  were  allowed  to  settle  at  the  Falls  of  Potomac 
River,  where  they  built  a  fort.  In  the  month  of  September, 
1675,  some  outrages  were  committed  by  Indians  in  Maryland 
and  Virginia,  which  were  attributed  to  the  Susquehannoughs. 
Maryland  troops  under  Major  Thomas  Trueman  thereupon 
marched  to  the  Susquehannough  fort,  and  a  certain  John 
Shankes,  an  interpreter,  was  dispatched  to  request  the  Susque- 
hanonughs  to  send  some  of  their  "  great  men  "  out  of  the  fort 
to  confer  with  Major  Trueman.  Five  men  came  out  under 
promise  of  safety,  and  these  were  bound  and  afterwards  put  to 

"  "  Cold  Comfort "  was  conveyed  by  Thomas  Taylor  to  Philip  Smith 
in  1724,  who  conveyed  it  to  Charles  Carroll.  (Prov.  Court  Proceeding?, 
Liber  P.  L.  No.  8,  p.  232.)  Dr.  Carroll  sold  the  land  to  Benjamin  Tasker 
and  others.  "  Rich  Level  "  or  "  Rich  Neck  Level,"  which  adjoins  "  Cold 
Comfort,"  was  resurveyed  for  Dr.  Carroll  under  the  name  of  "  The 
Level."  The  beginning  of  "  The  Level "  is  shown  on  Samuel  Green's  map 
of  the  Baltimore  Iron  Works  Company's  lands,  1811. 


THE    BALTIMORE    COUNTY    "  GAEKISON."  255 

death.  For  this  deed  Major  Trueman  was  tried,  but  was 
eventually  acquitted. 

On  May  19th,  1676,  John  Shankes,  the  interpreter,  who  was 
summoned  as  a  witness  in  the  trial  of  Major  Trueman,  made  a 
deposition  before  the  Upper  House,  from  which  we  quote  the 
following :  ®^ 

"  This  Depon*  saith  that  he  w*^  the  Mary  Land  forces  being 
at  the  forte  of  the  Susquehannoughs  on  the  Sabboth  day  he 
was  sent  up  to  the  forte  to  desire  one  of  the  greate  men  by 
name  Harignera  To  Come  and  Speake  with  Majo^  Truman 
and  the  said  Harignera  being  dead  This  Deponent  desired  Some 
other  great  men  to  come  and  Speake  with  the  s*^  Majo"^  Vpon 
which  message  of  his  there  came  out  3  or  4  of  them,  and  this 
Depon*  was  commanded  by  the  Majo^  to  tell  them  of  the  great 
Injuries  that  had  been  done  to  the  Country  and  th*  he  came 
to  know  Who  they  were  th*  had  done  them,  and  the  great  men 
Eeplyed  it  was  the  Senecaes  and  this  Depon^  Saith  that  there 
being  p^'sent  other  Indians  from  other  Townes  the  Majo'"  desired 
some  to  theire  Young  men  To  assist  as  Pilates  as  well  as  the 
Neighbouring  Indians  had  done  to  Joyne  in  the  pursuite  ag*  the 
Senecaes,  And  the  Said  Indians  Replyed  th*^  the  Seneca's  had 
been  gone  4  days  and  th*  by  th*  time  they  might  be  at  the  head 
of  Patapscoe  River  to  w*^  Majo^  Trueman  Retorned  that  he 
had  good  horses  and  they  were  good  foot  men  and  migh  soon 
overtake  them  and  the  Indians  Replyed  they  would,  etc.,  etc." 

In  the  year  1680,  when  an  incursion  of  the  Seneca  Indians 
into  Maryland  was  expected,  a  force  of  twelve  men  was  ordered 
out  "  for  the  secureing  of  the  ffrontire  plantations  of  Pa- 
tapscoe." ^® 

In  the  year  1678  a  conference  was  held  at  the  Pascattaway 
fort  in  Zechia  Swamp,  Charles  County,  between  Lord  Balti- 
more and  Thomas  Notley,  on  the  part  of  the  Province  of  Mary- 
land, and  the  "  speaker  "  and  "  great  men  "  of  the  Pascattaway 
Indians.    A  certain  Indian,  then  a  guest  of  the  Pascattaways, 

"'Md.  Archives,  Vol.  II,  f.  481. 
•«  Md.  Archives,  Vol.  XV,  p.  308. 

4 


256  MAEYLAND   HISTOEICAL    MAGAZINE. 

who  had  been  a  prisoner  of  the  Senecas,  and  had  lately  made 
his  escape,  on  being  asked  "  how  many  Dales  Journey  "  it  was 
from  the  four  forts  of  the  Seneca  Indians  to  the  Pascattaway 
fort,  replied  that  he  was  "three  Moones  comeing  from 
thence."  ®^ 

In  May,  1781,  Jacob  Young,  the  Dutch  interpreter,  reported 
to  the  Council  of  Maryland  that  more  than  two  hundred  Seneca 
Indians  were  "  now  upon  their  voyage  downe  to  the  Pascatto- 
way  Indians  "  and  that  "  they  have  to  their  guide  the  King  of 
the  Mattawomans,  and  intend  by  presents  to  endeavour  to  draw 
the  Pascattoways  with  them,  but  if  they  cannot  to  destroy  them 
where  they  light  of  them."  Jacob  Young  declared  that  he  had 
his  information  about  the  Senecas  "  from  some  Delaware  In- 
dians that  spoke  with  them  up  Susquehannoh  River,"  and  that 
he  considered  the  time  opportune  "  to  treat  with  those  Northern 
Indians  at  the  Pascattoway  ffort  in  Zachiah  Swamp,"  where 
they  would  shortly  arrive.®* 

As  the  Senecas  were  in  need  of  a  guide,  we  suspect  that  the 
road  which  they  followed  through  Maryland  was  in  reality  an 
old  Susquehannough  trail. 

After  the  defeat  of  the  Susquehannoughs  at  their  Potomac 
fort  in  the  year  1675  by  the  Virginia  and  Maryland  Militia, 
they  returned  to  their  old  fort  on  Susquehanna  River,  which, 
in  1676,  was  described  as  "  about  sixty  miles  above  Palmer's 
Island,"  ®^  that  is,  above  the  island  now  called  Watson's  Island, 
at  the  mouth  of  the  Susquehanna.  In  the  month  of  June,  1678, 
a  rumor  was  circulated  in  Maryland,  that  the  Senecas  "by 
Instigation  of  the  Remaineing  p*  of  the  Susquesahannoughs 
now  amongst  them  are  designed  to  come  downe  and  make  warr 
upon  the  Pascattoway  Indians  toward  the  Latter  End  of  this 
Summer,  w*^  the  s<i  Pascattoway  Indians  doe  verily  beleive 
and  suspect."  The  Council,  at  a  meeting  held  June  13th,  1678, 
decided  "  that  Jacob  Young  be  Empowered  to  goe  to  the  Old 

"Md.  Archives,  Vol.  XV,  p.  240. 
^Md.  Archives,  Vol.  XV,  p.  358. 
•»Md.  Archives,  XV,  p.  122.  ■  -  •  - 


THE    BALTIMORE    COUNTY    "  GARKISON."  257 

Susquehannoh  ffort  and  to  treate  with  the  great  men  of  the 
Sinnequos  ISTations  touching  the  said  Rumo*"."  ^"^ 

We  now  return  to  the  subject  of  Anthony  Demondidier's 
residence  in  1680.  The  lands  which  Demondidier  then  owned 
lay  in  a  sort  of  cul  de  sac.  An  Indian  road  which  came 
down  into  Maryland  from  the  North,  and  went  southward  to 
some  place  on  the  Potomac,  would,  if  it  crossed  the  Main  Falls 
of  Potapsco,  have  crossed  that  stream  at  some  ford,  and  we 
know  that  the  lowest  fording-place  on  the  river  was  somewhere 
near  Relay  or  Avalon.  If  such  a  road  had  followed  down  the 
divide  between  Gwinn's  Falls  and  Patapsco  Falls,  and  had 
crossed  at  even  the  lowest  ford,  it  would  not  conceivably  have 
passed  very  near  to  the  known  site  of  Anthony  Demondidier's 
lands.  On  the  other  hand,  a  road  which  ran  to  the  eastward 
of  Gwinn's  Falls,  until  it  reached  one  of  the  two  lowest  fords 
on  that  stream,  and  there  forded  and  then  struck  across  country 
to  a  ford  on  Patapsco  Falls,  would  have  passed  within  a  mile 
and  a  quarter,  or  less,  of  these  lands.  It  is  quite  probable  that 
in  the  year  1680  there  were  no  plantations  on  Gwinn's  Falls 
higher  up  than  that  of  Demondidier.  We  have  elsewhere  ob- 
served the  fact  that  Richard  Gwinn  cleared  a  plantation  on  the 
tract  called  "  New  Towne,"  at  the  mouth  of  Gwinn's  Run, 
where  the  second  ford  on  Gwinn's  Falls  was  situated;  but 
Gwinn  did  not  die  before  1692,  and  this  plantation  may  not 
have  been  made  until  a  few  years  before  his  death. 

Our  theory  with  regard  to  the  Seneca  (or  Susquehannough) 
road  is  that  it  was  identical  with  the  Old  Indian  Road  which 
we  traced  from  a  point  in  the  vicinity  of  Westminister,  on  Little 
Pipe  Creek,  across  the  North  Branch  of  Patapsco  Falls  to  the 
neighborhood  of  Woodensburg,  and  from  there  to  the  old  west- 
ern boundary  of  Back  River  Upper  Hundred,  probably  in  the 
neighborhood  of  the  Dover  Road.  According  to  our  theory,  the 
road  ran  southward  from  the  head  of  the  Worthington  Valley, 
past  the  site  of  the  Garrison,  to  one  of  the  two  lowest  fords  on 
Gwinn's  Falls,  and  we  would  even  go  so  far  as  to  identify  it 

'"Md.  Archives,  XV,  p.  175. 


258  MARYLAND   HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

with  the  Old  Garrison  Koad,  the  course  of  which,  from  the  Gar- 
rison to  the  second  ford  of  Gwinn's  Falls,  we  have  just  been 
following. 

The  author  has  elsewhere  shown  how  a  road  known  as  the  Old 
Conestoga  Eoad,''^  which  antedated  the  settlement  of  the  coun- 
try through  which  it  ran,  and  has  always  been  reputed  to  be  of 
Indian  origin,  extended  from  Conejohola  on  the  Susquehanna, 
in  the  neighborhood  of  the  sites  of  the  Susquehannough  forts, 
to  Opequon  in  Virginia,  crossing  on  its  way  Great  Pipe  and 
Little  Pipe  Creeks,  Monocacy  and  Potomac  Kivers.  The  "  Old 
Indian  Road  "  was  certainly  a  branch  of  this  road  or  intersected 
it  somewhere  in  the  Pipe  Creek  watershed.  This  puts  us  in  a 
position  to  suppose,  with  a  fair  degree  of  conviction,  what  was 
the  probable  route  taken  by  the  Susquehannoughs  and  the  Sene- 
cas  in  making  their  inroads  and  war  expeditons  down  into 
Maryland. 

There  exists  some  foundation  for  the  belief  that  the  Seneca 
road  crossed  the  Patapsco  not  far  below  Ellicott  City.    We  have 

" "  The  Old  Indian  Road,"  Part  III,  Maryland  Historical  Magazine, 
December,  1920,  364  et  seq.  An  early  allusion  to  the  Conestoga  Road, 
which  was  not  mentioned  in  this  article  on  "  The  Old  Indian  Road,"  will 
be  found  in  a  letter  of  Dr.  Charles  Carroll  to  Isaac  Webster  of  Bush 
River,  a  copy  of  which  is  preserved  in  an  old  Carroll  letter-book.  This 
letter  is  dated  August  12th,  1731,  and  reads  in  part  as  follows:  "I 
observe  what  you  mention  relating  to  the  Welsh  People  expected  into 
Pennsylvania.  I  have  now  ten  thousand  acres  of  Warrant  located  on  the 
Creeks  called  Conawago  Codorus  and  their  Draughts  on  Susquehanna  and 
I  am  informed  that  I  can  get  very  near  that  quantity  of  good  land 
thereabouts. 

"  I  believe  that  selling  it  to  them  at  twenty  or  twenty  five  pounds  p 
hund**  can't  be  thought  too  dear  &  two  year  for  Payment  at  the  later,  & 
what  time  after  it  remains  unpaid  they  to  pay  interest. 

"  Now  for  your  encouragement  I  will  allow  you  one-fifth  Part  of  the 
neat  proceeds  on  the  said  Land  if  you  will  make  sale  thereof  &  take  the 
trouble  yourself  to  survey  and  sliew  it  to  the  People. 

"  As  you  are  acquainted  with  the  People  up  that  way  you  may  enquire 
the  Quality  of  the  land  on  the  Drafts  of  the  said  Creeks  &  on  the  Road 
that  leads  from  Conastoga  to  pipe  Creek  &  where  you  are  best  advised 
I  would  execute  the  said  warrants  which  are  now  in  Phil  Jones's  hands. 
You  may  make  it  worth  your  while  to  act  herein  my  own  Business  not 
admitting  me  to  go  that  Distance  at  present  or  I  would  soon  do  it 
effectually." 


THE    BALTIMORE    COUNTY    "  GAEKISON."  259 

lately  shown  that  a  road  existed  early  in  the  eighteenth  century 
between  a  ford  in  the  neighborhood  of  that  place  and  one  of  the 
lowest  fords  of  Gwinn's  Falls.  A  friend  of  the  author's,  the 
late  Mr.  Vachel  Baseman  Bennet,  a  native  of  the  Fourth  Dis- 
trict of  Baltimore  County,  had  fairly  clear  traditions  with 
regard  to  the  Old  Indian  Road,  one  of  which  was  that  it  went 
to  the  Potomac,  near  Washington,  by  way  of  Ellicott  City.'^^ 
The  late  Mr.  Edward  Spencer  has  said  that  it  went  to  the  Poto- 
mac at  Pascattaway.  These  traditions  could  hardly  have  re- 
ferred to  that  Old  Indian  Road  which  crossed  the  Patapsco 
near  Woodstock  and  is  identical  with  the  Old  Court  Road. 
Much  more  important  is  the  testimony  of  Dr.  Bennett  Bernard 
Browne,  who  informs  the  author  that  a  plat,  now  lost,  of  his 
father's  place,  "  Chew's  Vineyard,"  showed  a  road  called  "  The 
Indian  Road,"  which  crossed  Patapsco  Falls  at  a  ford  known 
as  Waterloo  Ford,  a  mile  below  Ellicott  City,  followed  up  the 
valley  of  Little  Bonny  Branch,  and  from  the  head  of  the  valley 
ran  in  a  south-westerly  direction  towards  Gambrill.  Dr.  Browne 
testifies  that  he  has  seen  on  his  father's  plat  the  words  "  The 
Indian  Road  "  used  to  describe  such  a  road.  This  road  was,  in 
all  probability,  the  old  Seneca  or  Susquehannough  trail,  which 
led  off  into  Southern  Maryland.  The  settled  Indian  population 
of  Baltimore  County  in  historic  times  was  so  small  that  there 
could  hardly  have  existed  any  considerable  number  of  Indian 
highways  to  puzzle  and  confuse  the  historian.  Those  which  did 
exist,  which  had  either  been  created  after  the  founding  of  Mary- 
land, under  the  influence  of  the  new  conditions  which  the 
coming  of  the  English  made,  or  had  survived  from  a  prehistoric 
past,  must  have  come  into  the  county  from  remote  places  and 
passed  to  destinations  which  were  far  away. 


'^  Mr.  Bennett's  and  Mr.  Spencer's  traditions  are  given  in  the  author'3 
articles  on  "  The  Old  Indian  Koad." 


260  MARYLAND   HISTOEICAL    MAGAZINE. 

THE  LIFE  OF   THOMAS  JOHNSON 

Edwakd  S.  Delaplaine 
Pakt  Eighth 


CHAPTER  XIII 

Brigadiek-General  of  the  Maryland  Militia 

On.  the  2iid  of  December,  1775,  announcement  was  made 
on  the  floor  of  Congress  ^^  that  Delegate  Johnson  had  left  for 
home.  The  work  of  the  "  Secret  Committee,"  headed  by  Ben- 
jamin Franklin,  was  in  capable  hands.  Johnson  knew  this. 
And  moreover  he  was  anxious  to  attend  the  approaching  ses- 
sion of  the  Provincial  Convention.  So,  when  the  Convention 
opened  at  Annapolis  on  December  7,  Mr.  Johnson  was  in  his 
seat. 

Among  the  new  tasks  assigned  to  Johnson  during  December, 
1775,  were:  (1)  "to  devise  the  best  ways  and  means  to  promote 
the  manufacture  of  salt-petre;"  (2)  "to  draw  the  form  of 
commissions  for  the  officers  of  the  militia  of  this  province;" 
(3)  "to  consider  and  report  the  most  effectual  method  of 
establishing  a  gun  lock  manufactory,  and  the  expense  there- 
of;" and  (4)  "to  consider  what  alterations  and  amendments 
are  necessary  in  the  regulation  of  the  militia  of  this  province, 
and  report  their  opinion  thereon." 

The  advent  of  the  year  1776  saw  Maryland  in  the  midst  of 
preparations  for  war.  On  Saturday,  January  6,  the  deputies, 
assembled  in  the  city  on  the  Severn,  were  ready  to  name  the 
superior  officers  of  the  Maryland  Militia.  The  following  min- 
ute is  included  in  the  proceedings  of  that  day: 

"  The  convention  elected  by  ballot  the  following  persons  field 
officers  for  the  militia:  Mr.  Henry  Hooper  brigadier-general 

*^  Journals  of  the  Continental  Congress,  Vol.  m. 


THE    LIFE    OF    THOMAS    JOHNSON.  261 

of  the  lower  district  on  tlie  eastern  shore.  Mr.  James  Lloyd 
Chamberlaine  of  the  upper  district.  Mr.  John  Dent  of  the 
lower  district  on  the  western  shore.  Mr.  Andrew  Buchanan 
of  the  middle  district.  Mr.  Thomas  Johnson,  jun.,  of  the 
upper  district."  ^^ 

Thereupon  it  was  resolved  that  the  said  brigadiers-general 
rank  in  the  following  manner:  first,  Brigadier-General  John- 
son; second,  Brigadier-General  Hooper;  third,  Brigadier-Gen- 
eral Dent;  fourth,  Brigadier-General  Chamberlaine;  fifth, 
Brigadier-General  Buchanan.  A  lawyer,  without  military  ex- 
perience, thus  became  the  supreme  commander  of  the  Militia. 

Johnson's  acceptance  of  the  commission  of  senior  Brigadier- 
General  did  not,  however,  release  him  from  his  obligations  as 
a  member  of  the  Convention.  For  example,  on  the  following 
Tuesday,  January  9th,  when  it  was  resolved  "  that  a  committee 
be  appointed  to  prepare  and  report  a  scheme  for  the  emission 
of  bills  of  credit,  to  defray  the  expenses  of  defending  this 
province,"  General  Johnson  was  elected  by  ballot  to  serve  on 
the  committee  with  James  Tilghman,  Hollyday,  Rumsey  and 
Hooe. 

Nor  was  Gen.  Johnson  released  from  his  duties  as  a  member 
of  the  Continental  Congress.  For  when  the  Convention,  on 
January  12th,  instructed  the  Maryland  members  of  Congress 
to  keep  in  mind  the  "  avowed  end  and  purpose  for  which  these 
Colonies  originally  associated — the  redress  of  American  griev- 
ances and  securing  the  rights  of  the  Colonies,"  Thomas  Johnson, 
Jr.,  was  specifically  named,  along  with  Tilghman,  Goldsbor- 
ough.  Chase,  Stone,  Paca,  Alexander  and  Rogers,  as  being 
bound  by  the  instructions.  Brigadier-General  Johnson's  posi- 
tion was  a  peculiar  one.  The  same  Convention  that  called  him 
into  the  field  to  lead  the  Maryland  Militia  against  the  British 
requested  him  to  strive  for  "reconciliation  with  the  mother 
country  upon  terms  that  may  ensure  to  these  Colonies  an  equal 
and  permanent  freedom." 

^^  Proceedings  of  the  Conventions,  1774-6,  p.  78. 


MARYLAND   HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

Many  advanced  statesmen  in  other  Colonies  were  amazed  at 
the  backwardness  of  the  Maryland  Convention.  They  could  not 
understand  why  many  of  the  leading  Maryland  patriots  were 
opposed  to  American  Independence.  But  the  Convention  ex- 
plained its  action  in  this  way:  "  The  experience  which  we  and 
our  ancestors  have  had  of  the  mildness  and  equity  of  the  Eng- 
lish Constitution,  under  which  we  have  grown  up  and  enjoyed 
a  state  of  felicity  not  exceeded  by  any  people  we  know  of,  until 
the  grounds  of  the  present  controversy  were  laid  by  the  Min- 
istry and  Parliament  of  Great  Britain,  has  most  strongly  en- 
deared to  us  that  form  of  government  from  whence  these  bless- 
ings have  been  derived.  ...  To  this  Constitution  we  are  at- 
tached, not  merely  by  hahit  but  by  principle,  being  in  our 
judgments  persuaded  it  is  of  all  known  systems  best  calculated 
to  secure  the  liberty  of  the  subject  and  to  guard  against  despo- 
tism on  the  one  hand  and  licentiousness  on  the  other." 

The  popularity  of  Governor  Eden  also  had  much  to  do  with 
the  tranquillity  of  the  Maryland  subjects.  While  Lord  Dun- 
more  was  ravaging  coastal  towns  and  plantations  of  Virginia, 
young  Sir  Robert — diplomatic  and  affable  under  all  circum- 
stances— remained  cordial  to  all  the  Maryland  patriots  and, 
in  turn,  received  every  mark  of  courtesy  and  respect  from  the 
people  of  the  Province.  Even  as  late  as  the  middle  of  Janu- 
ary, 1776,  Governor  Eden  was  being  hospitably  entertained  at 
Stepney  by  Daniel  of  St.  Thomas  Jenifer,  President  of  the 
Council  of  Safety.  When  the  Governor  heard  that  the  Pro- 
vincial Convention,  notwithstanding  the  appeal  to  arms,  still 
felt  attached  to  the  British  Government  and  ardently  hoped  for 
reconciliation,  he  suggested  to  Mr,  Jenifer  the  plan  of  inviting 
the  most  distinguished  leaders  of  the  Province  to  meet  for  a 
talk  over  their  difficulties.  In  compliance  with  this  suggestion, 
Jenifer  wrote  to  Charles  Carroll,  barrister,  on  the  15th  of  Janu- 
ary that  Gov.  Eden  desired  to  confer  with  the  members  of  the 
Council  of  Safety  and  several  other  of  the  "  most  distinguished 
members  of  the  Whig  party,"  who  might  be  "  willing  to  dis- 
perse the  cloud  that  has  almost  overshadowed  and  is  ready  to 


THE    LIFE    OF    THOMAS    JOHNSON.  263 

burst  upon  us."  According  to  the  accepted  tradition,  Carroll 
was  requested  by  President  Jenifer  to  invite  the  leading  patri- 
ots to  dine  with  the  Governor;  but  Brigadier-General  Johnson, 
when  asked  what  he  thought  of  the  proposal,  advised  Mr.  Car- 
roll to  invite  such  friends  as  he  desired  to  his  own  home  and 
then  include  the  Governor  as  one  of  the  guests.  Carroll,  so 
the  story  goes,  accepted  Johnson's  suggestion  as  a  lucky  thought 
and  began  at  once  to  prepare  for  the  Executive,  members  of  the 
Council  of  Safety  and  the  other  guests.  Serving  on  the  new 
Council — organized  January  18,  1776,  upon  the  adjournment 
of  the  Convention — in  addition  to  President  Jenifer  and  Car- 
roll were  James  Tilghman,  Benjamin  Eumsey,  Thomas  Smyth, 
Thomas  B.  Hands  and  John  Hall.  Among  others  invited  to 
Carroll's  mansion  were  General  Johnson,  Chase,  Stone,  Mat- 
thew Tilghman  and  James  Holly  day. 

The  dinner  was  set  for  January  19th.  This  was  Friday; 
hence,  as  one  writer  suggests,  Mr,  Carroll,  a  Roman  Catholic, 
was  prohibited  from  offering  any  flesh  meat  to  his  guests  on 
that  day.  'No  doubt,  with  this  exception,  all  the  delicacies  of 
food  and  drink  afforded  at  that  time  by  the  waters  and  fields  of 
Maryland  were  found  in  abundance  on  the  banquet  table. 

After  the  guests  had  been  "  helped  around,"  Governor  Eden 
opened  the  all-important  subject  of  discussion. 

"  It  is  understood  in  England,"  said  the  Governor,  "  that 
the  Continental  Congress  is  about  to  form  a  Treaty  of  Alliance 
with  France." 

Johnson  was  the  first  to  respond. 

"  Your  Excellency,"  he  said,  "  we  will  answer  your  ques- 
tion, if  you  will  answer  one  for  us." 

Governor  Eden  assented. 

"  Well,"  said  the  new  Brigadier-General,  "  we  will  candidly 
acknowledge  that  overtures  have  been  made  to  France  but,  as 
yet,  they  have  not  been  accepted.  Now,  Sir,  we  understand 
that  your  master,  King  George  III,  is  planning  to  hire  an 
army  of  Hessians  to  join  the  Royal  forces." 

The  Governor  admitted  that  he  had  heard  the  report. 


264  MARYLAND   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

Whereupon  General  Jolinson  declared :  "  The  first  Hessian 
soldier  who  puts  his  foot  on  American  soil  will  absolve  me  from 
all  allegiance  to  Great  Britain!" 

Among  the  authorities  who  accept  the  story  of  the  dinner 
party  as  reliable  is  Scharf,  who  takes  occasion  to  add  that  Mr. 
Chase,  inspired  by  General  Johnson's  exclamation,  declared 
outright  that  he  was  in  favor  of  a  Declaration  of  Independence. 
"  Thus,"  says  Mr.  Scharf,^^  "  we  see  that  the  resolution  to  be- 
come independent  was  expressed  long  before  it  was  done  in 
Congress." 

It  was  doubtless  in  Barrister  Carroll's  home  that  Governor 
Eden  indicated  his  desire  to  send  friends  in  England  copies 
of  the  resolutions  of  the  Convention  expressing  "  the  mildness 
and  equity  of  the  English  Constitution."  The  Governor  prom- 
ised to  show  the  contents  of  his  letters,  if  the  Council  of  Safety 
would  use  its  influence  to  secure  for  his  message-bearer  the 
necessary  passports  from  Philadelphia  to  New  York. 

Governor  Eden's  request  was  granted.  So  he  prepared  let- 
ters to  William  Eden,  Lord  Dartmouth  and  Mr.  Foxcroft, 
wherein  he  assured  the  British  Ministry  that  the  Eesolutions 
of  the  Maryland  Convention  expressed  the  real  sentiments  of 
the  people  of  his  Province.  "  Far  from  desiring  an  Indepen- 
dency, the  subjects  in  Maryland  would,"  he  said,  "  consider  it 
a  most  happy  event  to  be  in  precisely  the  same  relation  to  the 
parent  State  as  at  the  conclusion  of  the  last  war." 

Under  date  of  January  23,  the  Council  of  Safety  requested 
the  Maryland  deputies  in  Congress  to  allow  Gov.  Eden's  mes- 
sages to  go  through. 

"  The  Governor  has  taken  this  measure,"  the  Council  ex- 
plained, "  in  consequence  of  a  free  conversation  with  Messrs. 
Matthew  Tilghman,  Thomas  Johnson,  Thomas  Stone  and 
James  Hollyday  and  ourselves  on  the  subject.  The  step  cannot 
be  productive  of  an  ill  effect ;  it  may  be  of  the  greatest  service ; 
it  may  possibly  bring  about  some  overture  to  a  general  recon- 
ciliation.   He  has  promised  you  shall  have  the  perusal  of  what 

"Soharf,  History  of  Maryland,  Vol.  n,  218. 


THE    LIFE    OF    THOMAS    JOHNSON.  265 

he  has  wrote,  when  you  come  to  Maryland.  We  intimate  this 
to  you  to  prevent  the  letter  being  stopt  on  suspicion  of  its  con- 
taining any  information  or  intelligence  unfriendly  to  Amer- 
ica." 34 

In  the  meantime,  however,  the  Maryland  patriots  rushed 
their  preparations  for  war.  The  Council  had  already  notified 
the  deputies  at  Philadelphia  that  the  Convention  had  resolved 
upon  the  fortification  of  the  City  of  Annapolis  and  the  Town 
of  Baltimore  and  inquired  whether  they  could  borrow  thirty  or 
forty  18-pounders  for  that  purpose. 

Immediately  after  Mr.  Carroll's  dinner-party,  Brigadier- 
General  Johnson  left  Annapolis  to  assume  his  military  duties 
in  Western  Maryland.  He  went  to  Frederick  Town,  where 
he  gave  instructions  to  George  Strieker,  Captain  of  Infantry; 
and  on  Monday  sent  the  Council  of  Safety  the  following  letter 
explaining  the  situation  in  the  "  Upper  District :"  ^^ 


IGen.  Johnson  to  the  Council  of  Safety'] 

Fred.  Town 
Gen^^  Jany  22^  17Y6. 

Strieker  has  accepted  his  commission  &  has  had  and  I  expect 
will  have  good  success  in  inlisting.  He  proposes  to  be  very 
particular  in  the  men  he  takes  &  much  wishes  his,  the  Light 
Infantry  Company,  to  be  armed  with  Bifles.  Both  M^  Price 
&  he  think  Bifles  for  a  company  may  be  soon  got.  Considering 
the  difficulty  of  speedily  arming  our  troops  I  think  with  them 
it  will  be  advisable  to  lodge  a  sum  of  money  in  the  hands  of 
some  body  here.  No  body  will  do  more  justice  to  the  public 
than  C.  Beatty,  to  purchase  up  what  Rifles  can  be  got.  My 
Brother  this  morning  let  Strieker  have  100  of  the  200  which 
he  brought  up  for  building  the  town  Jail,  to  assist  him  in  re- 
cruiting.   M^  Ford  will  be  a  very  proper  hand  to  bring  up  what 

"11  Maryland  Archives,  109. 
*  11  Maryland  Archives,  120. 


266  MARYLAND   HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

money  you  may  think  proper  to  send  Strieker.  I  imagine  the 
250£  he  applies  for  is  not  too  much  as  well  as  what  you  may 
think  proper  for  Cap*  Barrett  many  of  whose  Company  I  ex- 
pect will  be  very  good  Riflemen,  if  collected  in  his  neighbor- 
hood from  where  I  think  they  may  be  best  spared.  Major 
Price  tells  me  a  good  many  public  arms,  some  of  which  have 
been  repaired  at  the  expence  of  those  who  have  them,  may  be 
collected  with  industry.  I  should  be  glad  you^  send  up  an 
order  for  the  Committee  to  collect  all  they  can  and  if  you  think 
as  I  do  to  allow  the  people  the  reasonable  expence  of  necessary 
repairs  where  the  musquets  came  to  their  hands  out  of  order. 
I  understand  about  100  gunlocks  fit  for  Rifles — and  that  would 
do  well  enough  to  put  to  repaired  muskets — are  to  be  had  in 
town.  I  wish  you**  send  up  about  60£  to  purchase  them.  M"" 
Beatty  my  Brother  or  myself  will  do  it  if  you  please. 

Price  tells  me  he  gained  an  acquaintance  with  one  Royston 
at  the  Camp  of  the  Artillary,  who  was  a  very  clever  young  man 
&  desires  to  come  to  the  South  and  from  Price's  account  of  him 
he  would  be  very  serviceable  in  our  second  artillery  Compy 
&  he  would  be  well  satisfied  with  a  first  Lieutenancy.  I  wish 
if  there's  still  room  that  he  may  be  prefered  to  it,  a  trifling  cir- 
cumstance prevented  his  coming  with  Price  and  he  even  talked 
of  following  him.  Maj''  Price  writes  to  him  that  troops  are 
raising  in  this  province  &  that  it  is  likely  he  will  be  employed 
which  he  says  he  dare  say  will  bring  him  with  a  strong  recom- 
mendation from  Gen*  Gates  to  whom  he  is  well  known. 

I  am  Gen*  y^  most  ob* 

Th.   Johnson  Jun^ 

Within  24  hours.  General  Johnson's  letter  was  in  the 
hands  of  the  Council  of  Safety.  His  recommendations  were 
promptly  adopted.  On  Tuesday,  January  23,  the  Council 
issued  an  order  on  the  Treasurer  of  the  Western  Shore  to  de- 
liver to  Benjamin  Ford  100  pounds  currency,  to  be  used  in 
securing  rifles  for  Captain  Strieker's  Company  of  Light  Infan- 
try, and  60  pounds  currency  for  the  purchase  of  gunlocks,  to  be 


THE    LIFE    OF    THOMAS    JOHNSON.  267 

lodged  at  Frederick  Town  with  General  Johnson — or,  in  his 
absence,  with  Baker  Johnson  and  Charles  Beatty. 

During  the  month  of  February,  1776,  the  senior  brigadier- 
general  remained  in  Frederick  County  directing  military  prepa- 
rations. Life  in  the  undeveloped,  but  potentially  rich,  regions  of 
Western  Maryland  appealed  to  Johnson ;  and  while  he  realized 
that  as  long  as  the  war  with  Great  Britain  continued  he  would 
be  required  to  spend  most  of  his  time  at  Annapolis  and  Phila- 
delphia, he  longed  for  the  day  when  he  could  settle  with  his 
wife  and  children  in  the  "  back  country."  His  mother  had 
died  some  years  before,  and  his  father,  74  years  old  on  the  19th 
of  February,  was  near  his  end.  His  brothers,  Roger,  Baker, 
and  James,  were  permanently  established  in  profitable  business 
in  Frederick  County;  and  he  believed  that,  after  the  war,  op- 
portunities in  the  law  would  be  particularly  bright  in  the  fer- 
tile virgin  country  which  was  rapidly  being  developed. 

These  are  perhaps  the  reasons  why  Thomas  Johnson,  Junior, 
of  the  City  of  Annapolis,  signed  himself,  in  a  deed  on  February 
18th,  as  Thomas  Johnson,  Junior,  now  of  Frederick  County.^^ 

Toward  the  close  of  February  Delegate  Alexander  became 
worried  over  the  absence  of  his  colleagues  in  Congress.  Gen- 
eral Johnson  and  Mr.  Stone  were  still  in  Maryland ;  Chase  had 
been  selected  for  the  mission  to  Canada;  Tilghman  had  not 
yet  been  heard  from;  Rogers  had  been  granted  a  leave  of  ab- 
sence; and  Alexander,  too,  wanted  to  leave  for  home  to  attend 
to  private  affairs.  But  feeling  that  it  was  his  duty  to  remain 
until  some  of  his  "  brethren  "  arrived,  Mr.  Alexander  wrote  the 
Council  of  Safety  to  request  Johnson  and  Stone  to  hurry  on  up 
to  Philadelphia. 

Gen.  Johnson,  as  soon  as  he  received  this  summons  to  civil 
duty,  dropped  his  military  work  in  the  environs  of  Frederick 
Town;  and  early  in  March  was  hastening,  with  all  possible 
speed,  to  the  seat  of  the  General  Government.  At  the  Head  of 
Elk  he  stopped,  to  inform  Lt.-Col.  Henry  Hollingsworth  that 
the  Council  had  ordered  him  a  supply  of  guns,  and  to  receive 

••  Land  Records  of  Frederick  County,  Liber  W,  Folios  644,  etc. 


268  MARYLAND   HISTOBICAL    MAGAZINE. 

a.  supply  of  money  raised  by  subscription  in  Cecil  County  for 
the  purchase  of  powder.  Off  again  he  hurried  toward  Phila- 
delphia. 

Back  in  Congress  after  three  months'  absence,  General  John- 
son was  given  a  warm  reception  and  was  showered  with  con- 
gratulations upon  his  election  as  commander-in-chief  of  the 
Maryland  Militia.  Among  the  new  duties  assigned  him  in 
March  and  April,  1776,  were:  (1)  "to  take  into  consideration 
the  state  of  the  Colonies  in  the  Southern  Department;"  (2) 
"  to  enquire  and  report  the  best  ways  and  means  of  raising  the 
necessary  supplies  to  defray  the  expences  of  the  war  for  the 
present  year,  over  and  above  the  emission  of  bills  of  credit;" 
(3)  "to  consider  the  propriety  of  a  War  Office;"  (4)  "to  ex- 
amine and  ascertain  the  value  of  the  several  species  of  gold  and 
silver  coins,  current  in  these  Colonies,  and  the  proportion  they 
ought  to  bear  to  Spanish  milled  dollars;"  and  (5)  "  to  take  into 
consideration  the  state  of  the  Eastern  Department  and  report 
thereon."  He  was  also  asked  to  consider  messages  from  Gen- 
eral Washington,  General  Schuyler,  the  Maryland  Council  of 
Safety,  and  the  Commissioners  to  Canada,  together  with  a  num- 
ber of  other  communications. 

Johnson  cheerfully  rendered  these  duties  for  the  United  Col- 
onies. But  the  responsibilities  that  fell  upon  him  as  Brigadier- 
General  now  took  a  large  part  of  his  time  and  attention.  Im- 
mediately upon  his  arrival  in  Philadelphia  he  searched  high 
and  low  for  powder;  but  he  learned  that  not  a  single  pound 
could  be  secured  anywhere  in  the  city.  Only  a  few  days  later, 
however,  there  arrived  a  vessel  laden  with  2,000  pounds  of 
powder,  six  tons  of  lead  and  various  other  supplies.  It  was 
about  this  time  that  Philadelphia  received  the  news  that  a 
man-of-war  had  appeared  in  the  Chesapeake.  Johnson  an<l 
Alexander  lost  no  time  in  making  application  for  a  ton  of 
powder.  Their  request  was  granted.  The  Virginia  Delega- 
tion, apprehensive  that  the  ship  might  cause  great  damage  in 
the  Bay,  offered  to  Maryland  an  additional  ton.  Johnson  and 
Alexander  gladly  accepted  this  load,  too,  and  late  Saturday 


THE    LIFE    OF    THOMAS    JOHNSON.  269 

night  (March  9,  1776)  they  sent  off  a  dispatch  advising  the 
Maryland  Council  of  the  shipping  of  the  two  tons  of  powder. 

One  effort  General  Johnson  and  Mr.  Alexander  made  at  this 
session  of  Congress  was  to  dispose  of  the  Maryland  ship, 
Defence.  They  went  before  the  Marine  Committee  and  urged 
the  purchase  of  the  vessel  from  Maryland.  The  offer  of  sale, 
however,  did  not  appeal  to  the  committee;  and  General  John- 
son felt  it  was  advisable  to  let  the  matter  rest  until  a  later 
date.  Writing  to  the  Council  on  March  26th,  Alexander  and 
Johnson  said  by  way  of  consolation :  "  T.  J,  confirms  our  Opin- 
ion that  if  any  Depredations  should  take  place  after  we  had 
parted  from  the  vessell  it  would  be  imputed  to  the  sale  of  her." 

Each  day  brought  news  of  distress  in  the  South — and  grow- 
ing appeals  for  help.  One  of  the  causes  for  alarm  in  Maryland 
was  the  lack  of  money.  Collectors  were  sent  through  the  coun- 
ties to  collect  gold  and  silver  coin  with  the  promise  that  Con- 
tinental money  would  be  given  in  exchange.  The  supply  of 
provincial  money  was  about  exhausted.  On  March  17,  the 
Council  of  Safety  wrote  the  Maryland  delegates  that  it  was 
looking  every  day  for  the  Continental  money  and  for  the  plates 
and  paper  for  the  new  emission.  "  Unless  the  plates  and  paper 
are  furnished  in  a  very  short  time,"  said  the  Council,  "  the 
Treasury  will  be  exhausted  and  the  credit  of  the  Province  must 
fail." 

On  March  26,  Delegates  Johnson  and  Alexander  replied: 
"  Mr.  Eittenhouse  has  been  pressed  to  get  the  plates  done.  He 
has  been  lately  chosen  into  the  Assembly,  which  has  been  sit- 
ting a  good  while  past.  He  promises  to  let  us  have  plates  to 
begin,  enough  for  one  sheet,  next  week.  The  paper  was  to  be 
finished  about  this  time."  On  April  2,  Johnson,  Alexander, 
Paca  and  Stone  assured  the  Council  that  their  message-bearer 
would  set  out  from  Philadelphia  within  a  few  days  with  a  sup- 
ply of  Continental  money.  "  We  hope,"  they  said,  "  the  plates 
and  the  paper  may  be  sent  off  about  the  same  time."  Finally, 
on  April  9,  Johnson,  Stone  and  Alexander  explained  that  51 
reams  of  paper  were  on  the  way  to  Annapolis.     "  The  plates," 


270  MABYLAND   HISTOBICAL   MAGAZINE. 

they  wrote,  "  are  not  yet  done.  Mr.  Rittenhouse  now  promises 
they  shall  be  done  by  next  Saturday  and  as  the  Assembly  is 
adjourned  we  hope  he  will  fulfill  his  promise.  They  shall  be 
forwarded  by  the  post  or  some  safe  hand  as  soon  as  done."  ^^ 

This  is  but  one  instance  of  the  myriad  of  harassing  difficul- 
ties and  delays  encountered  during  the  Revolutionary  War  by 
the  members  of  the  Continental  Congress.  They  worked  un- 
remittingly, by  day  and  by  night,  trying  to  locate  muskets  and 
powder,  knapsacks  and  haversacks,  linen  and  duck,  oznabrigs 
and  spatterdashes,  leather  breeches,  hunting  shirts,  stockings 
and  shoes.  The  day  of  resolutions  and  debate  was  past.  The 
thirteen  Colonies  were  now  on  a  wild  chase  for  arms  and  ammu- 
nition, for  clothing  and  other  supplies,  as  well  as  for  money. 

CHAPTER  XIV 
The  End  of  the  Pkopeietary 

Shortly  after  his  arrival  in  Virginia  in  the  spring  of  1776, 
General  Charles  Lee  came  into  possession  of  a  packet  of  papers 
from  England,  addressed  to  Governor  Robert  Eden  of  Mary- 
land. The  packet  was  taken  from  a  messenger  on  his  way 
from  Dunmore's  fleet  to  Annapolis.  Included  in  the  papers 
were :  An  offer  of  pardon  to  everyone  who  ceased  resistance  to 
the  Crown;  an  appeal  from  Lord  Dartmouth  to  give  aid  to 
the  British ;  letters  from  Governor  Eden's  brother ;  and  a  com- 
munication from  Sir  George  Germain,  Lord  Dartmouth's  suc- 
cessor in  the  Colonial  office.  Lord  Germain  disclosed  that  a 
great  armament  of  land  and  sea  forces  was  preparing  to  pro- 
ceed to  the  southward,  in  his  Lordship's  expression,  "  in  order 
to  attempt  the  restoration  of  legal  government  in  that  part  of 
America."  Governor  Eden  was  urged  to  give  "  facility  and 
assistance  to  its  operations  "  by  co-operating  with  Lord  Dun- 
more. 

General  Lee  sent  copies  of  the  intercepted  letters  to  Samuel 
Purviance,  chairman  of  Baltimore  County  Committee  of  Ob- 

"11  Maryland  Archives,  290,  306,  319. 


THE    LIFE    OF    THOMAS    JOHNSON.  271 

servation,  together  with  a  confidential  message,  pompously 
authorizing  Mr.  Purviance  to  seize  Governor  Eden  in  the  name 
of  General  Lee. 

Mr.  Purviance  sent  copies  of  the  letters  to  John  Hancock, 
president  of  the  Continental  Congress,  and  attached  an  un- 
signed letter  of  his  own,  in  which  he  severely  condemned  the 
Council  of  Safety  and  avowed  that  he  would,  on  his  own  re- 
sponsibility, send  off  an  expedition  to  Annapolis  to  arrest  Gov- 
ernor Eden.  The  anonymous  letter  was  intended  as  a  personal 
note  for  Mr.  Hancock.  Mr.  Purviance's  plans,  however,  did 
not  materialize  as  he  expected — as  is  shown  by  General  John- 
son in  the  following  letter:^* 

\_Gen.  Johnson  to  the  Council  of  Safety] 

Philadelphia 
Gentlemen.  17  April  1776. 

Yesterday  morning  just  before  the  meeting  of  Congress,  the 
letters  from  Bait,  which  occasioned  the  Resolution  of  yesterday 
came  to  the  hands  of  the  President.  By  the  same  express,  and 
as  I  believe  under  the  same  cover  came  an  Anonymous  letter 
referring  to  a  copy  therein  inclosed  from  Gen^  Lee  to  M'^ 
Samuel  Purviance.  I  saw  and  read  the  copy  which  was  in 
Purviances  hand  writing.  Lee  strongly  urged  the  immediate 
seizing  and  securing  of  the  Gov^.  After  the  minutes  of  the 
preceeding  day  were  read  the  President  began  reading  the 
Anonymous  letter,  but  he  had  not  proceeded  far  before  he  came 
to  a  part  desiring  that  it  might  not  be  made  known  to  the  Con- 
gress but,  as  I  think,  to  such  only  as  the  President  might  thinli 
proper  to  trust  with  the  contents,  the  President  hesitated,  for 
he  had  not  before  read  the  letter,  and  seemed  desirous  of  run- 
ning his  Eye  over  it  but  on  being  desired  to  read  out  he  did 
so,  from  the  inclosure  above  mentioned  as  well  as  many  ex- 
pressions in  the  letter  and  M'"  Purviances  being  the  Heroe  of 
the  tale  which  was  told  in  the  first  person,  I  had  not  the  least 

"•11  Maryland  Archives,  347. 
5 


2Y2  MAEYLAND   HISTOEICAL   MAGAZINE. 

doubt  but  that  Purviance  was  the  Author  and  M^  Andrew  Allen 
who  saw  the  letter  and  is  acquainted  with  Purviances  hand 
writing  says  it  was  his. 

The  letter  informs  that  the  writer  of  it  had  impressed  on 
Gen^  Lee,  in  his  way  to  Virg^  an  Idea  that  the  Council  of 
Safety  was  timorous  and  inactive  and  represents  the  Council 
of  Safety  and  Convention  too  as  being  afraid  to  execute  the 
Duties  of  their  Stations,  his  own  and  the  conduct  of  the  Con- 
vention on  an  affair  that  you  must  remember  he  contrasts  to 
the  Disadvantage  of  the  latter  whose  inaction  he  imputes  to 
want  of  spirit.  He  speaks  of  the  orders  he  gave  Cap^  Nichol- 
son on  the  late  alarm  and  how  the  Council  of  Safety  was 
alarmed  and  frightened  at  the  spirit  and  boldness  of  them — 
represents  himself  as  an  object  against  whom  the  intentions  of 
the  Council  of  Safety  are  levelled  and  in  proof  recites  a  con- 
versation with,  or  saying  of,  one  of  them  to  the  effect  that  he 
was  a  warm  man  or  a  hot  headed  man  whose  power  must  be 
pulled  down  or  he  would  throw  things  into  Confusion.  As  I 
heard  the  letter  read  but  once  I  cannot  undertake  to  repeat 
expressions  with  exactness  but  I  think  I  have  preserved  the 
sentiments  and  have  not  exaggerated  in  any  thing  and  on  the 
whole  I  esteem  it  a  vile  injurious  calumny  calculated  like  his 
conversation  with  Gen^  Lee  to  spread  suspicion  and  distrust 
of  the  only  executive  in  our  province.  If  I  am  not  mistaken 
the  letter  mentions  further  that  some  Gen^  were  sent  from  Bait, 
or  were  by  him  proposed  to  be  sent  to  Annapolis,  who  should 
engage  the  officer  commanding  the  troops  there  to  secrecy  under 
Oath  and  their  endeavour  to  get  his  assistance  to  execute  what 
you  are  requested  to  do  by  the  resolution,  this  I  suppose  may 
be  easily  traced. 

As  soon  as  the  letter  was  read  a  motion  was  made  to  send  the 
original  or  a  copy  of  it  to  you  which  was  warmly  supported  but 
it  was  put  off  till  to  day  to  make  way  for  the  Consideration  of 
the  subject  of  the  Express  and  in  the  meantime  all  was  ordered 
to  be  secret.  Mess^^  Stone  and  Alexander  who  had  been  delayed 
in  writing  letters  for  the  post,  came  into  the  Congress,  in  this 


THE    LIFE    OF    THOMAS    JOHNSON.  273 

stage  of  the  affair  and  are,  as  well  as  myself,  privy  to  the  after 
transactions : 

I  am  Gen*  Your  mo  obed*  Servant, 

Th.  Johnson  Jun'^ 

General  Johnson  renewed  his  fight  in  the  House  on  the  I7th 
to  get  possession  of  the  anonymous  letter  from  Maryland;  but 
President  Hancock  stuck  to  the  view  that  it  was  a  private  com- 
munication, and,  after  considerable  debate,  Johnson's  motion 
was  defeated. 

Congress  also  passed  a  resolution  requesting  the  Maryland 
Council  of  Safety  to  seize  Governor  Eden. 

The  following  letter  presents  the  arguments  advanced  pro 
and  con  on  the  floor  of  the  Congress :  ^^ 

[Gen.  Johnson  to  the  Council  of  Safetyl 
Gent. 

We  moved  yesterday  in  Congress,  that  the  letter  referred  to 
by  M^  Johnson,  should  be  immediately  transmitted  to  you  that 
you  might  have  an  opportunity  of  vindicating  your  Honour 
against  the  malitious  charges  made  by  the  writer,  this  pro- 
duced a  warm  debate  which  lasted  for  several  hours,  we  insisted 
(and  were  supported  by  several  Gentlemen)  that  the  letter  con- 
taining the  most  severe  reflections  upon  you  as  a  publick  Body 
ought  not  to  be  concealed;  that  it  was  absolutely  necessary  in 
the  present  state  of  our  Affairs  that  the  Dignity  of  the  Execu- 
tives of  every  province  should  be  supported  if  properly  con- 
ducted and  if  there  rested  a  suspicion  that  any  publick  Body 
either  from  weakness  or  want  of  integrity  omitted  or  refused 
to  execute  the  Trust  committed  to  them  it  ought  to  be  made 
known  to  their  constituents  that  the  power  might  be  placed  in 
more  safe  Hands.  That  the  exertions  of  the  Letter  Writer  had 
already  produced  in  part  of  the  Council  of  Virginia  distrust 
and  suspicion  of  you :  That  we  had  the  most  convincing  proofs 
upon  all  occasions  of  your  integrity,  Vigilance  and  Activity  in 

"11  Maryland  Archives,  351. 


274  MARYLAND   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

the  common  cause :  And  therefore  esteemed  it  our  duty  to  insist 
that  justice  might  be  done,  to  your  injured  characters. 

It  was  argued  against  the  motion  that  the  letter  was  confi- 
dential, that  it  had  raised  no  suspicions  in  the  congress  of 
your  zeal  or  integrity,  because  they  had  reposed  the  highest 
confidence  in  you,  immediately  afterwards  by  the  recommenda- 
tion sent  by  the  return  of  the  express.  And  that  the  mischief 
which  would  be  produced  by  communicating  the  letters  would 
be  greater  than  any  benefit  which  could  be  expected  from  it. 
And  that  the  President  was  not  obliged  to  produce  the  letter  for 
the  Congress  to  take  order  thereon,  Although  it  had  been  read 
in  the  House. 

Upon  the  question  whether  the  President  should  be  requested 
to  lay  the  letter  before  congress  five  colonies  voted  in  the  neg® 
three  in  the  affirm^  and  one  divided.  We  conceived  this  treat- 
ment to  you  &  our  province  to  be  cruel  and  ungenerous  to  the 
last  degree,  the  obligation  to  secrecy  expired  yesterday  and  we 
immediately  determined  to  give  you  such  a  state  of  this  Trans- 
action as  our  memories  supply  us  with ;  and  M"^  Johnson  com- 
mitted to  writing  what  passed  on  the  first  day. 

"We  this  morning  waited  on  M^  Hancock  to  demand  the 
letter,  but  he  refused  to  see  us,  Thus  the  affair  rests  at  present, 
&  as  we  cannot  delay  communicating  it  to  you  longer.  We  have 
ordered  an  express  immediately  to  set  out  for  Annapolis  and 
have  not  the  least  doubt  but  you  will  take  the  proper  steps 
to  vindicate  your  Honour  against  the  foul  Calumny  of  M^ 
Purviance  who  has  dared  to  detract  from  your  Patriotism  & 
spirit.  We  are  determined  at  all  hazards  to  support  you,  and 
tho  very  sorry  for  the  occasion  hope  you  have  complied  with 
the  recommendation  of  Congress,  by  securing  M'"  Eden  and  his 
papers.  If  he  has  conducted  himself  fairly  an  Examination 
will  do  him  credit  if  otherwise  we  ought  to  know  it  and  guard 
against  his  unfriendly  endeavours.  We  shall  write  you  by  the 
Post  and  are  Gen*        Y^  most  ob*^  Ser*^ 

Th.  Johnson  Jun' 
Phil*  T.  Stone, 

Thursday  18  April  1776.  E.  Alexander. 


THE    lilFE    OF    THOMAS    JOHNSON".  275 

President  Hancock  immediately  sent  off  to  Annapolis  the 
resolutions  requesting  the  seizure  of  Governor  Eden.  Tii9 
Massachusetts  statesman  attached  a  personal  letter,  in  which  he 
said  the  Congress  relied  on  the  diligence  and  zeal  of  the  Coun- 
cil of  Safety  for  the  execution  of  the  resolutions. 

But  the  members  of  the  Council  of  Safety  were  not  in  a 
hurry  to  arrest  Governor  Eden.  They  placed  more  confidence 
in  General  Johnson's  opinion  than  in  the  advice  of  John  Han- 
cock and  the  resolutions  of  the  Continental  Congress.  "We 
have,"  the  Council  assured  the  Marylanders  at  Philadelphia, 
"  all  the  advantages  we  could  have  had,  if  we  had  committed 
him  (Governor  Eden)  to  the  public  Goal,  and  we  are  per- 
suaded many  more.  ^Nobody  can  believe  that  we  are  courting 
the  Governor  at  present:  'tis  the  Peace  and  Happiness  of  the 
Province  we  wish  to  preserve,  and  we  are  persuaded  that  it 
will  be  best  done  by  keeping  up  the  ostensible  Form  of  our 
'Chartered  Constitution."  At  the  same  time  the  Council 
thanked  General  Johnson  and  his  colleagues  for  their  efforts — 
unsuccessful  though  they  were — in  this  connection.  "  We  feel 
for  you ;"  was  the  word  from  home.  "  The  insult  offered  by 
Mr,  Hancock  in  not  admitting  you  to  his  presence  must  have 
been  grating." 

Replying  to  President  Hancock,  President  Jenifer  declared 
the  members  of  the  Council  were  quite  aware  of  the  facts  in 
the  case  and  had  taken  proper  measures.  On  April  23,  General 
Johnson  informed  Mr.  Jenifer  that  the  Maryland  deputies  ap- 
proved the  conduct  of  the  Council  of  Safety  and  were  deter- 
mined to  support  it.  "  The  letter  to  the  President,"  wrote 
General  Johnson,  "  gave  high  offence  to  some  of  the  very  hot 
gentlemen.  I^o  Resolution  is  yet  formed  on  it,  but  probably 
will  today."  ^° 

It  appears,  however,  that  no  further  action  was  taken  by 
Congress  in  this  direction.  Some  of  Governor  Eden's  corres- 
pondence was  printed  in  the  Philadelphia  newspapers,  causing 

■    **11  Maryland  Archives,  372. 


276  MARYLAND   HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

considerable  public  resentment  against  the  titular  Maryland 
Executive;  but  General  Johnson  and  his  associates,  knowing 
the  kind  of  man  Sir  Robert  Eden  was,  discredited  the  charges 
which  the  intercepted  letters  from  England  seemed  to  impute. 

Brig. -Gen.  Johnson  was  imbued,  as  he  had  been  during  the 
debate  over  Governor  Dunmore,  with  the  thought  that  the  Gov- 
ernment of  Great  Britain  was  fundamentally  beneficent ;  that 
the  Colonies  should  ever  hold  in  mind  the  prospect  of  recon- 
ciliation with  the  Crown ;  but  that  he  would  be  ready  for  war, 
if  war  was  inevitable.  Back  in  October,  1775,  when  the 
forward  delegates  advocated  the  resolution  requesting  Virginia 
to  seize  Lord  Dunmore,  Johnson  cried  on  the  floor  of  Congress : 
"  I  see  less  and  less  prospect  of  a  reconciliation  every  day ;  but 
I  would  not  render  it  impossible!"  And  still  he  clung  to  this 
idea,  ^or  was  he  alone  in  this  view.  As  long  as  the  command- 
er-in-chief of  Maryland's  militia  held  to  this  opinion,  the  other 
deputies  from  Maryland — with  the  exception  of  Chase — stood 
steadfast  by  his  side.  For  example,  as  late  as  April  24,  1776, 
Delegate  Stone,  writing  to  President  Jenifer,  assured  the  folks 
at  home  that  he  hoped  for  reconciliation  with  the  Crown.  His 
views  coincided  with  those  of  General  Johnson.  "  I  wish,"' 
said  Stone,  "to  conduct  affairs  so  that  a  just  and  honorable 
reconciliation  should  take  place,  or  that  we  should  be  pretty 
unanimous  in  a  resolution  to  fight  it  out  for  Independence. 
The  proper  way  to  effect  this  is  not  to  move  too  quick.  But 
then  we  must  take  care  to  do  ever}i;hing  which  is  necessary  for 
our  security  and  defence,  not  suffer  ourselves  to  be  lulled  or 
wheedled  by  any  deceptions,  declarations  or  givings  out.  You 
know  my  hearty  wishes  for  peace  upon  terms  of  security  and 
justice  to  America.  But  war,  anything  is  preferable  to  a  sur- 
render of  our  rights."  The  Marylanders  were  patriotic,  but 
they  were  also  conservative. 

The  Maryland  Convention  was  scheduled  to  meet  again  in 
May,  and  Brig.-Gen.  Johnson  was  now  preparing  once  more  to 
depart  from  Philadelphia  before  adjournment  of  Congress.  On 
the  25th  of  April,  a  message,  signed  by  Johnson,  Tilghman  and 


THE    LIFE    OF    THOMAS    JOHNSON.  277 

Stone,  was  dispatched  to  the  Council  of  iSafety,  asking  for  the 
attendance  of  Mr.  Rogers,  in  order  that,  so  the  letter  said,  "  as 
many  of  us  as  might  be  should  be  at  the  Convention."  They 
added :  "  We  don't  think  the  Province  ought  to  be  left  unrepre- 
sented here." 

In  the  meantime,  Mr.  Purviance  had  been  haled  before  the 
'Council  of  Safety.  He  acknowledged,  on  being  examined, 
that  the  anonymous  letter  criticizing  the  Maryland  authorities 
contained  some  of  his  sentiments  but  he  swore  he  could  not 
remember  writing  it.  "  He  prevaricated  most  abominably," 
thought  the  Council,  which  gave  him  a  reprimand  and  placed 
him  under  bond  to  appear  before  the  Provincial  Convention. 

The  Convention,  assembling  at  Annapolis  May  8,  1776,  re- 
ceived the  formal  complaint  against  Purviance  and  decided  to 
form  a  special  committee  to  examine  the  documents  relating  to 
the  controversy  and  to  report  back  to  the  Convention  concern- 
ing the  charges.  Brigadier-General  Thomas  Johnson,  Jr.,  dep- 
uty from  Anne  Arundel  County,  was  one  of  three  members 
elected  by  ballot  on  this  committee.  His  associates  were  Robert 
Goldsborough  of  Dorchester  County  and  James  Hollyday  of 
Queen  Anne's. 

At  the  end  of  ten  days,  the  committee  reported  that  Pur- 
viance's  conduct  had  been  reprehensible  but  recommended  his 
discharge  after  a  severe  reprimand.  In  accordance  with  these 
recommendations,  the  Convention  on  the  22nd  of  May  resolved: 
"  Justice  would  well  warrant  a  more  exemplary  punishment  to 
be  inflicted  on  the  said  Samuel  Purviance  for  his  said  misdo- 
ings ;  but  that  in  consideration  of  his  active  zeal  in  the  common 
cause,  and  in  expectation  that  he  will  hereafter  conduct  himself 
with  more  respect  to  the  public  bodies  necessarily  entrusted 
with  power  mediately  or  immediately  by  the  people  of  this 
province,  and  will  be  more  attentive  to  propriety,  this  Conven- 
tion hath  resolved,  that  the  said  Samuel  Purviance  for  his  said 
conduct  be  censured  and  reprimanded,  and  that  Mr.  President 
do  from  the  chair  censure  and  reprimand  him  accordingly,  and 
that  he  be  thereupon  discharged."    Thereupon  Mr.  Purvianca 


278  MARYLAND   HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

was  brougtit  in  before  the  bar  of  the  House  and  was  given  a 
public  reprimand  by  the  President  of  the  Convention. 

Meanwhile  Governor  Eden  had  sworn  upon  his  honor  that 
he  had  never  tried  to  enflame  the  British  Ministry,  but  that  he 
had  always  spoken  of  the  members  of  the  American  Congress 
as  acting  within  the  line  of  moderation.  On  May  24,  1776, 
the  Convention  resolved  that,  although  Eden's  correspondence 
did  not  appear  to  have  been  carried  on  with  hostile  intent 
toward  the  Colonies,  "  it  be  signified  to  the  Governor  that  the 
public  quiet  and  safety,  in  the  judgment  of  this  Convention, 
require  that  he  leave  this  province  and  that  he  is  at  full  liberty 
to  depart  peaceably  with  his  effects."  When  it  is  remembered 
that  the  Continental  Congress  more  than  a  month  before  had 
directed  the  Council  of  Safety  to  seize  Sir  Robert  Eden,  the 
resolution  of  the  Maryland  Convention  offering  the  Governor 
permission  to  leave  the  Province  was  a  remarkable  tribute  to 
Eden's  popularity.  The  resolution  was  adopted  by  a  vote  of 
36  to  19.  The  Anne  Arundel  deputies,  Johnson,  Paca  and 
Carroll,  barrister,  voted  for  its  passage. 

At  the  same  session,  Johnson,  James  Hollyday,  William 
Paca  and  George  Plater  were  elected  by  ballot  a  committee  to 
wait  on  the  Governor  and  deliver  to  him  a  copy  of  the  resolu- 
tions together  with  an  address  of  sympathy  and  esteem. 

On  Saturday,  May  25,  1776,  Gen.  Johnson  and  Messrs. 
Hollyday  and  Paca  were  elected  by  ballot  to  prepare  passports 
for  the  deposed  Governor;  and,  in  addition,  were  authorized 
to  draft  a  communication  on  the  subject  to  the  Virginia  Com- 
mittee of  Safety.  When  the  authorities  in  the  Old  Dominion 
received  word  that  the  Governor  of  Maryland  had  been  allowed 
to  escape,  contrary  to  the  order  of  the  Continental  Congress, 
they  were  astounded.  They  felt  that  the  intercepted  letters 
from  England,  which  found  their  way  to  Philadelphia,  made 
Governor  Eden  particips  criminis  with  Lord  Dunmore;  and 
they  sent  to  Annapolis  a  remonstrance  which  expressed  their 
indignation  and  disgust. 

Sir  Robert  Eden's  courtesy  and  hospitality,  his  charms  of 


NOTES  FROM  THE  EASLY  RECORDS  OF  MARYLAND.  279 

culture  and  refinement,  had  long  ago  won  the  affections  of  the 
people  of  his  Province.  Until  an  opportunity  came  when  he 
could  depart  on  one  of  Lord  Dunmore's  vessels,  he  was  allowed 
to  remain  unmolested  on  parole.  He  was  accompanied  to  the 
British  frigate  with  every  mark  of  respect  by  the  most  dis- 
tinguished patriots  of  Maryland.  Fate  had  decreed  separation 
of  Colonies  from  Crown.  And  when  Robert  Eden  went  on 
board  the  Fowey  he  was  destined  never  again  to  see  the  soil  of 
the  Province,  over  which  he  had  ruled  to  the  general  satisfac- 
tion of  the  people.  The  last  vestiges  of  the  Proprietary  had 
disappeared. 

(To  he  continued.) 


NOTES  FROM  THE  EARLY  RECORDS  OF 
MARYLAND 


The  following  notes  are  from  the  set  of  "  Inventory  and 
Account  "  books  in  the  Land  Office  at  Annapolis  and  date  from 
16  74.  They  will  serve  for  the  most  part  to  assist  in  tracing 
that  elusive  personality,  the  Maryland  widow,  although  other 
matters  are  occasionally  noted.  As  to  Commissioned  officers; 
the  notes  are  merely  to  show  that  they  held  commissions  at  the 
dates  given  but  are  not  intended  as  giving  the  date  on  which 
they  received  commissions. 

Jane  Baldwin  Cotton. 

1674  Liber     Page, 

Boyd,  Anne,  was  widow  of  John  Neale,  A.  A.  Co.  I     145 

Brown,  John,  A.  A.  Co.,  whose  first  wife  was  daugh- 
ter of  Robert  Clarkson.  I     166 

Bloomfield,  John,  married  widow  of  Dr.  Luke  Bar- 
bier.  I     192 

Blunt,  Anne,  widow  of  Richard  Blunt  of  Kent  Co., 

married N'ash.  II     113 


280  MARYLAND   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINK. 

IQT4,  Liber     Page 

Barnes,  Grace  &  Elizabeth,  gr-daughters  of  Walter 

Waterlin.  I     134 

Barbier,    Dr.    Luke,    wbose   widow   married   John 

Bloomfield.  I     192 

Burgess,  Anne,  widow  of  William  Burgess,  St.  M's. 

Co.,  married  Eisher.  Ill     124 

Brasseur,  Martba,  sister  and  extr  of  Benj.  Brasseur 

of  Calvert  Co.,  married  Henry  Kent,  Jr.         Ill     163 

Clarke,  Jobn,  wbose  wife  was  widow  of  John  EUy, 
Calvert  Co, 

Clagett,  Mary,  Calvert  Co.,  was  widow  of  Ricbard 
Hooper. 

Cbadbourne,  William,  married  widow  of  Richard 
Foxon,  Baltimore  Co. 

Clarkson,  Robert,  A.  A.  Co.,  whose  daughter  was 
first  wife  of  John  Brown. 

Dorrington,  Dorothy,  widow  of  Henry  Robinson, 
married Dorrington. 

Davis,  Eliza:  widow  of  William  Durand,  married 
Davis. 

Farmer,  Michael.     Mary,  widow  of  Michael  Farm- 
er, Calvert  Co.,  married Lile. 

Michael,  Mary  and  Elizabeth  Farmer,  children  of 
above. 

Foxon,  Richard,  his  widow  married  William  Chad- 
bourne. 

Godscrosse,  Alice,  widow  of  James,  married  Goul- 
son. 

Goulson,  Alice,  widow  of  James  Godscrosse. 

Godscrosse,  James,  John,  Charles  and  Sarah,  chil- 
dren of  James  and  Alice.  I     136 

Hooper,  Richard,  Calvert  Co.,  whose  widow  mar- 
ried   Clagett.  I       80 

Lile,  Mary,  Calvert  Co.,  widow  of  Michael  Farmer.         I     135 
Neale,  Samuel,  St.  M.  Co.,  died  intestate.  Daugh- 
ters Rebecca  and  Margaret  (Is^eale).  I     153 


I 

195 

I 

80 

I 

147 

I 

166 

I 

83 

I 

86 

I 

135 

I 

135 

I 

147 

I 

136 

I 

136 

Liber 

Page 

I 

145 

II 

113 

NOTES  FKOM  THE  EARLY  RECORDS  OF  MARYLAND.  281 

1674 

ilSTeale,  Anne,  widow  of  John  ITeale,  married 
Boyd. 

iTash,  Anne,  widow  of  Ricliard  Blunt,  Kent  Co. 

Eeade,  Joane,  widow  of  Capt.  George  Eeade  of 
Resurrection  Manor,  Calvert,  married 
Tyler.  I       54 

Eobinson,  Dorothy,  widow  of  Henry  Robinson,  Cal- 
vert Co.,  married Dorrington. 

Eyder,  Jane,  was  widow  of  Thomas  Wright. 

Eussell,  Sara,  widow  of  Eichard  Eussell,  St.  M. 
Co.,  married Vaughan. 

Tyler,  Joane,  widow  of  Capt.  George  Eeade,  mar- 
ried   Tyler. 

Vaughn,  Sara,  was  widow  of  Eichard  Eussell,  St. 
M.  Co. 

Wright,  Jane,  widow  of  Thomas  Wright,  married 
Eyder. 

Walterlin,  Walter,  grandfather  of  Elizabeth  and 
Grace  Barnes. 

Wheeler,  Samuel,  who  married  Elizabeth  Cooke, 
Kent  Co. 

1675  Liher     Page 

Doxey,    Thomas,    who   married   widow   of  Eobert 

Hooper,  St.  M.  Co.  I     335 

Davis,  Mary,  widow  of  John  Davis,  late  of  St.  M. 

Co.,  married  Morgan  Jones.  II     1Y5-6 

Elly,  John,  whose  widow  married  John  Clarke.  I     195 

Felton,  John,  whose  widow  married  John  Phillips.  I     238 

Garrett,  James,  married  Johanna  Peake,  daughter 

of  George  and  Mary  Peake,  Baltimore  Co.         I     410 
Grose,  Eoger,  widow,  Anne,  married  John  Welsh, 

A.  A.  Co.    This  shows  acct.  of  John  Grose.         I     539 
Grosse,  Eoger,  of  A.  A.  Co.    In  the  division  of  es- 
tate following  are  mentioned:  John,  eldest 
son;  Elizabeth,  Eoger,  William  and  Fran- 
ces. V     143  to  146 


I 

83 

I 

125 

I 

145 

I 

54 

I 

145 

I 

125 

I 

134 

I 

179 

282  MAEYLAND   HISTOEICAL   MAGAZINE. 

1675  Liher     Page 

Hooper,   Thomas,   whose  widow  married   Thomas 

Doxey  I     335 

Hamond,  Elinor,  was  widow  of  Abraham  iN'ewman.       IV     590 

Hood,  Eobert,  married  widow  of  Dr.  John  Rye.  IV     506&609 

Jones,  Elizabeth,  wife  of  Richard  Jones,  was  widow 

of  Richard  Steevens  of  Talbot  Co.  I     461 

Jones,  Mary,  widow  of  John  Davis,  late  of  St.  M. 

Co.,  married  Morgan  Jones.  II     175-6 

Newman,  Elinor,  widow  of  Abraham  Newman,  mar- 
ried   Hamond.  IV     590 

Phillips,  John,  whose  wife  was  widow  of  John  Fel- 

ton,  Dorchester.  I     238 

Peake,  Johanna,  daughter  of  George  and  Mary 
Peake,  Baltimore  Co.,  married  James  Gar- 
rett. 

Robinson,  William,  Baltimore  Co.,  whose  widow 
married  Edward  Swanson. 

Swanson,  Edward,  married  widow  of  William  Rob- 
inson, Baltimore  Co. 

Steevens,  Elizabeth,  widow  of  Richard  Steevens, 
Talbot  Co.,  married  Richard  Jones. 

Shaw,  Sarah,  widow  of  John  Shaw  A.  A.  Co.,  mar- 
ried   Francis.  II     171 

White,  Susanna,  widow  of  James  White,  married 
Waters. 

Waters,  Susanna,  widow  of  James  White. 

Welsh,  Anne,  wife  of  John  Welsh,  was  widow  of 
Roger  Grose,  A.  A.  Co. 

1676 
Francis,  Sarah,  late  Sarah  Shaw,  widow  of  John 

Shaw,  A.  A.  Co.  II     171 

Fisher,  Anne,  widow  of  William  Burgess,  St.  M.  Co.    Ill     125 
Harrington,  Grace,  daughter-in-law  Richard  Blunt, 

Kent  Co.  II     114 


I 

410 

I 

474 

I 

474 

I 

461 

I 

353 

I 

353 

I 

539 

Liber 

Page 

NOTES  FKOM  THE  EAELY  RECORDS  OF  MARYLAND.  283 

1676  Liber     Page 
Morgan,  Alice,  widow  of  Jarvis  Morgan,  married 

Eoper.  II     347 

Roper,  Alice,  widow  of  Jarvis  Morgan.  II     347 

Skinner,  Anne,  widow  of  James  Trueman,  Calvert 

Co.  Ill     116 
Trueman,  Thomas,  brother  of  James  and  overseer 
of  estate  of  Martha,  Mary  and  Elizabeth, 
daughters  of  said  James  of  Calvert  Co.  Ill     117 
Trueman,  Anne,  widow  of  James  Trueman,  Cal- 
vert Co.,  married  Skinner.  Ill     116 

1677  Liber     Page 
Addison,  Rebecca,  widow  of  Thomas  Dent,  married 

John  Addison  Extx  Thomas  Dent,  St.  M. 

Co.  IV     74,  400,  401 

Archer,  Humphrey,  Talbot  Co. ;  his  account  shows 
two  daughters,  under  age,  Margaret  and  Ma 
bell,  among  the  legatees.  'No  other  children 
named.  IV     270 

Allen,  Jasper,  Mary,  his  widow,  married  Robert 
Taylor. 

Brinson,  John,  widow  of,  married  Christopher  Spry 

Beckwith,  George,  two  daughters,  Elizabeth  and 
Margaret,  under  age. 

Brooke,  Rebecca,  sister  of  Edward  Isaack. 

Bread,  Jane,  relict  and  extr  of  Dr.  Thomas  Mat- 
thews, Charles  Co. 

Buckall,  Mary,  widow  of  Edward  Wheelock. 

Bishop,  Sarah,  wife  of  Benoni  Bishop,  widow  of 
Benj.  Hancock. 

Brooke,  John,  widow  Rebecca  Brooke,  Calvert  Co. 

Baill,  John,  his  widow,  Rebecca,  married  

Davis.  IV     537 

Bigger,  Anne,  widow  of  John  Bigger,  Calvert  Co., 

married  James  Rumsey.  IV     569,  575 


IV 

476 

IV 

5 

IV 

175 

IV 

238 

IV 

379 

IV 

387 

IV 

452 

IV 

468 

284  MARYLAin>    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

1677  Liber     Page 

Benjar,  Katharine,  was  widow  of  John  Chadwell, 

Baltimore  Co.  IV     632 

Beck,  Richard,  admr.  and  brother  of  Lewis  Beck, 

Charles  Co.  IV     246 

Cooke,  Elizabeth,  Kent  Co.,  married  Samuel  Wheel- 
er. IV  143 
Conory,  Edward,  his  widow,  Mary,  married 

Heyley.  IV     522 

Cole,  Anne,  widow  of  Robert  Cole,  was  widow  of 

John  Medley,  St.  M.  Co.  IV     624 

Chadwell,    Katharine,    widow   of   John    Chadwell, 

married Benjar,  Baltimore  Co.  IV     632 

Davis,  Elizabeth,  step-daughter  of  Morgan  Jones, 

married  Owen  Guyther.  IV     245 

Dandy,  Robert,  Doctor  of  Physick  belonging  to  ship 

"  Ann  and  Elizabeth."  IV     424 

Davis,    Rebecca,    widow    of    John    Baill,    married 

Davis.  IV     537 

Denton,  James,  Baltimore  Co.,  married  widow  of 

Thomas  O'Daniel,  same  county.  V     25,  27 

Edwards,   Hannah,  widow  of  John  Pot,  married 

Edwards.  IV       83 

Edwards,  Ann,  widow  of  Daniel  Murphy.  IV     206 

Evinges,    Sarah,    widow   of   Guy   White,    married 

Evinges.  IV     237 

Edloe,  Jeane,  daughter  of  Joseph  Edloe,   Calvert 

Co.  IV     422 

Francis,  Sarah,  widow  of  John  Shaw,  A.  A.  Co., 

married  Thomas  Francis.  IV     137 

Forrest,  Patrick,  Elizabeth  Forrest,  admx. ;  Henry 

and  Elizabeth  Phipps  extrs.  of  Patrick  For- 
rest. IV  413 
Fisher,  Robert,  Calvert  Co.,  brother  of  Henry.  IV  469 
Fisher,  Katharine,  daughter  of  Robert,  Calvert  Co.  IV  471 
Guinne,  Susanna,  widow  of  William  Neale,  A.  A. 

Co.  IV     567 


NOTES  FROM  THE  EABLY  EECOKDS  OF  MABTLAND.  285 

1677  Liber     Page 

Hunt,  Susanna,  widow  of  William  Hunt. 

Hance,  Jolin,  of  tlie  Clifts,  Calvert  Co.,  married 

Sarah  Waring,  widow  of  Sampson  Waring.       IV     230 

Harris,  Jackline,  widow  of  James  Moore,  Calvert 

€o.  IV     450 

Hancock,  Sarah,  widow  of  Benj.  Hancock,  now  wife 

of  Benoni  Bishop.  IV     452 

Hinson,  John,  proved  an  acct.  IV     468 

Hood,  Robert,  married  widow  of  Dr.   John  Rye, 

Cecil  Co.  IV     506,  609 

Harrington,  Mary,  widow  of  James  Stockley,  Cal- 
vert Co.,  married  Charles  Harrington,  Cal- 
vert Co.  IV     510,  511 

Heyley,  Mary,  widow  of  Edward  Conory,  married 

Heyley.  IV     522 

Isaack,  Edward,  brother  of  Mrs.  Rebecca  Brooke, 

Calvert  Co.  IV     238 

Johnson,  Peter,  dead.  Statement  on  acct.  of  Thom- 
as Carleton,  Cecil  Co.  IV     395 

Jolly,  Edward,  his  widow  married  John  Steevens, 

St.  M.  Co.  IV     402 

Johnson,  Peter,  his  widow,  Sarah,  married  Robert 

Morris.  IV     618 

Eeene,  Susanna,  married  Hunt,  she  was  widow  of 

William  Hunt.  Ill       97 

Kent,  Henry,  Jr.,  his  wife,  Martha  was  sister  and 

extrx.  of  Benj.  Brasseur,  Calvert  Co.  Ill     168 

Kaine,  William,  son  of  William.     "  In  case  he  ever 

appears  in  the  Province."  IV     422 

Middlefield,  Martha,  widow  of  Thomas  Middlefield, 

Cecil  Co.,  married  ITicholas  Shaw.  IV     374 

Matthews,  Jane,  widow  and  extrx.  of  Dr.  Thomas 

Matthews,  Charles  Oo.,  married  

Bread.  IV     379 

Moy,  Elizabeth,  widow  of  Richard.  IV     401 


286  MARYLAND    HISTOKICAX,    MAGAZINE. 

1677  Liber      Page 

Maekye,  Elizabeth,  widow  of  John  Mackye,  mar- 
ried — Spracklin.  IV     425 

Moore,  Jackline,  widow  of  James  Moore,  Calvert 

Co.,  married Harris.  IV     450 

Morris,  Sarah,  widow  of  Peter  Johnson,  married 

Kobt.  Morris.  IV     618 

Medley,  John,  his  widow,  Ann,  married  Robt.  Cole, 

St.  M.  Co.  IV     624 

Neale,  Jonathan,  son  and  heir  of  William  ISTeale, 

of  A.  A.  Co.  IV     569 

iN'eale,  Susannah,  widow  of  William  Neale,  mar- 
ried   Guinne.  IV     567 

Owen,  Jane,  wife  of  Richard  Owen,  widow  of  John 

Raven,  Dorchester  Co.  IV     355-6 

Pot,  Hannah,  widow  of  John  Pot,  married 

Edwards.  IV       83 

Pearce,  Thomas ,  Lydia,  relict  and  admrx.  of  Thom- 
as Pearce,  St.  M.  Co.,  married  Gilbert  Tur- 
berville.  IV     398-579 

Phipps,  Henry  and  Elizabeth,  exs.  of  Patrick  For- 
rest. IV     413 

Reevely,  Mary,  widow  of  William  Hampstead.  IV     143 

Raven,  John,  Dorchester  Co.     His  widow  married 

Richard  Owen.  IV     355,  356 

Rignall,  John.  IS'ot  in  the  province  as  per  state- 
ment of  Thos.  Carleton  of  Cecil  Co.  IV     393 

Rye,  Dr.  John,  his  widow  married  Robert  Hood.     IV  506,  609 

Rumsey,  Ann,  widow  of  John  Bigger,  Calvert  Co. 

IV  570;     V  350 

Spry,  Christopher,  married  widow  of  Thomas  Brin- 

son.  IV         5 

Shaw,  Sarah,  widow  of  John  Shaw,  married  Thomas 

Francis.  IV     137 

Shaw,  Martha,  wife  of  Nicholas  Shaw,  widow  and 

extrx.  of  Thomas  Middlefield,  Cecil  Co.         IV     372 

Spencer,  Walter,  son  of  Walter.  IV     475 


iber 

Page 

IV 

425 

IV 

463 

IV 

563 

NOTES  FKOM  THE  EARLY  KECOKDS  OF  MARYLAND.  287 

1677 

Spracklin,  Elizabeth,  widow  of  Jolin  Mackeye. 

Spry,  Johanna,  her  daughter,  Mary,  married  Dr. 
Stanesby  of  Baltimore  Co. 

Stanesby,  Dr.  John  and  Mary  (Spry)  his  wife. 

Taylor,  John,  of  Baltimore  Co.  Account  shows 
there  were  three  children — Arthur,  who  was 
ex.,  and  James  and  Elizabeth,  who  were  un- 
der age.  IV     336 

Turbervile,  Lydia,  wife  of  Gilbert  Turbervile, 
extrx.  and  relict  of  Thomas  Pearce,  St.  M. 
Co.  IV     398,  5Y9 

Taylor,  Mary,  widow  of  Jasper  Allen.  IV     475 

Waring,  Sarah,  widow  of  Sampson  Waring,  mar- 
ried John  Hance  of  the  Clifts,  Calvert  Co.        IV     230 
Account   rendered   by    above   Sarah   shows 
herself  and  their  son,   Bazill,   as  the  only 
heirs.  IV     230,  234 

White,  Guy,  widow  married Evinges.  IV     237 

Wells,  Eob't  and  George,  brothers.  IV     353 

Wheelock,    Edward,    Mary,    his    widow,    married 

Buckall.  IV     387 

Wootten,  Simon  and  Susanna,  his  wife,  widow  of 

Rich  Wodsworth.  IV     481 

Wodsworth,   Rich;   his   widow,    Susanna,   married 

Simon  Wooten.  IV     482 

Whetstone,  Mary,  alias  Niome,  widow  of  Stephen 

Whetstone.  IV     609 

1678  Liber     Page 

Anderson,  John,  Calvert  Co.,  whose  widow,  Mary, 

married  Francis  Spencer,  same  county.  V     273 

Blanford,  Tabitha,  wife  of  Thomas  Blanford,  Cal- 
vert Co.,  was  widow  of  William  Mills.  V     146,  150 
Beckwith,   Elizabeth,  widow  of  Thomas   Skinner, 
Dorchester   Co.,    married   Beck- 
with, Dorchester  Co.  V     150 
6 


288  MARYLAND    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

1678  Liber     Page 

Best,   Edward,   his  widow,   Anne,   married   Jolm 

Gibbs,  CecH  Co.  V     301 

Clarke,  ]!^eale,  his  widow,  Rachael,  married  John 

Stinson.  V       58 

Credwell,  George,  Charles  Co. ;  his  widow,  Mary, 

married  William  Warde.  V     323 

Cooke,  Katharine,  widow  of  Dr.  Robert  Winsmore, 

married Cooke.  V     151 

Foukes,    Richard,    admrx.    was   Mary   Warde,    of 

Charles  Co.  VI     615 

Frankam,  Henry,  his  widow  Annah  married  Ed- 
ward Maddock.  V  287 
Goldsmith,    Johannah,    widow    of    Capt.    Samuel 

Goldsmith.     George  Wells  was  her  son.  V       11 

Goldsmith,  Mary,  niece  of  Capt.  Samuel  Goldsmith 

and  daughter  of  George  Goldsmith.  V     180 

Gibbs,  John,  married  Anne,  widow  of  Edward  Best, 

Cecil  Co.  V     301 

Horsley,  Joseph,  Calvert  Co.,  whose  widow  Roza- 

mond  married  Richard  Ladd,  Calvert  Co.  V       71 

Hawkins,  Ralph  and  William,  appear  together  as 

apprs.  V     260 

Howes,  Thomas,  his  widow,  Philis,  married  Gus- 

tavus  White.  V     404 

Ladd,   Richard,   Calvert   Co.,   married   Rozamond, 

widow  of  Joseph  Horsley,  Calvert  Co.  V       71 

Mills,  Tabitha,  widow  of  William  Mills,  married 

Thomas  Blanford.  Y     146,  150 

Maddock,  Annah,  widow  of  Henry  Frankham,  mar- 
ried Edward  Maddock.  V  287 
Pope,  John,  son  of  Francis,  V  299 
Pott,    Hannah,    widow    of    John    Pott,    married 

Edwards.  Y     367 

Stinson,  Rachel,  widow  of  !N'eale  Clarke,  married 

John  Stinson.  Y     58,  61 


NOTES  FROM  THE  EAKLY  RECORDS  OF  MARYLAND.  289 

1678  Liber     Page 
Shaw,  Nicholas,  Cecil  Co.,  brother  of  William  Shaw, 

late  of  Talbot  Co.    Joyce  Shaw  was  widow 

of  William  Shaw.  V       62 

Skimier,  Thomas,  Dorchester  Co. ;  his  widow,  Eliza- 
beth, married  Beckwith,  Dor- 
chester Co.  V     150 

Spencer,  Mary,  widow  of  John  Anderson,  Calvert 

Co.,  married  Francis  Spencer,  Calvert  Co.  V     273 

Stafford,  Mary,  widow  of  Thomas  Todd,  A.  A.  Co., 

married  William  Stafford,  same  Co.  V     363 

Shaw,  John,  whose  widow,  Sarah,  married  Thomas 

Francis.  V     379 

Stagg,  Margaret,  widow  of  John  Gittings ;  two  sons- 

in  law,  John  and  Philip  Gittings.  VI     5,  7 

Mary,  her  daughter.  VI         7 

Todd,  Sarah,  widow  of  Thomas  Todd,  A.  A.  Co., 

married  William  Stafford,  same  county.  V     363 

Wells,  George,  son  of  Johanna  Goldsmith,  widow  of 

Capt.  Samuel  Goldsmith.  V       11 

Winsmore,  Katharine,  widow  of  Dr.  Robert  Wins- 
more,  married  Cooke.  V     151 

Warde,  Mary,  wife  of  William  Warde  and  widow 

of  George  Credwell,  Charles  Co.  V     323,  325 

White,  Philis,  wife  of  Gustavus  White  and  widow 

of  Thomas  Homes.  V     404 

1679  Liber     Page 
Ambrose,  Richard,  his  widow,  Margaret  Worrell, 

made  admtrx.  VI     564,  566 

Andrews,  Christopher,  Kent  Co.,  married  widow  of 

William  Standley.  VI     617 

Beckwith,  George,  Calvert  Co.,  account  mentions 
Charles,  son  and  heir,  and  his  unmarried 
sisters  to  be  Barbara  and  Margaret,  and  fur- 
ther shows  one  sister  married  to  Elias  !N'ut- 
halls.  VI       58 


290  MARYLAND    HISTOEICAL    MAGAZINE. 

1679  Liber     Page 

Thomas  Banks,  admtr.  VI       56 

Boring,  John,  married  widow  of  Roger 

Sidwell,  Baltimore  Co.  VI     423 

Blackiston,   Ebenezer,   Cecil   Co.,   married   widow 

and  admtrx.  of  William  Pike,  A. 

A.  Co.  VI     474 

Brooke,  Baker,  in  inventory,  his  coasting-coat,  sev- 
eral suits  of  clothing,  his  sword  and  belt, 
1000  lbs.  tobacco,  also  some  articles  in  "  His 
Stndys"  VI     481 

Blangey,  Lewis,  Mary  his  wife  was  widow  and 
admtrx.  of  Disborough  Bennet,  late  of  Kent 
Co.  VI     621 

Bennet,  Disborough ,  Mary,  his  widow  and  admtrx., 

married  Lewis  Blangey.  VI     621 

Comagys,   Cornelius,  Mary,  his  wife,  was  widow 

and  admrtx.  of  James  Kenneday  of  Kent  Co.    VI     458 

Copidge,  Edward,  admtrs.  were  William  Bawles  and 

Elizabeth,  his  wife.  VI     641 

Dunn,    Robert,    whose    widow    married    Anthony 

Workman.  VI     213 

Deane,  Sarah,  wife  of  William  Deane  and  widow 

of  Thomas  Warrin,  Kent  Co.  434 

(Sarah  Deane,  age  21.)  VI     433 

Elliott,    Henry,    married    Jane,    widow    of    John 

Halfehead.  VI     224 

Ellis,    Peter,    Elizabeth,    his    wife,    widow    and 

admrtx.  of  William  Palmer,  Baltimore  Co.       VI     462 

Gittings,  Margaret,  widow  of  John  Gittings,  Cal- 
vert Co.,  married Stagg.  VI         5 

Griffith,  Elizabeth,  wife  of  Henry  Griffith,  widow 

of  Francis  Tassell.  VI     394 

Gibson,  Hannah,  extrx.  of  John  White,  Kent  Co.         VI     605 

Gott,  Henry,  late  of  Kent  Co.,  admrs.  Thomas  and 

Elizabeth  Parker.  VI     606 


NOTES  FBOM  THE  EAKLY  RECORDS  OF  MARYLAND.  291 

1679  Liber     Page 

Groome,  William,  of  Patuxent,  Calvert  Co.,  mar- 
ried Sybile,  widow  of  Henry  Jowles.  VI     683 

Halfehead,  Jane,  widow  of  John  Halfhead,  mar- 
ried Henry  Elliott.  VI     222 

Hammond,  Mary,  widow  of  Thomas  Eoper,  A.  A. 

Co.,  married Hammond.  VI     418 

Hawkins,  William,  Anne,  his  wife,  admrtx.  of  es- 
tate of  Stephen  White,  A.  A.  Co.  VI     441 

Howes,  Thomas,  widow  and  admrtx.  Phillis  White, 

married  Gustavns  White.  VI     510 

Jowles,  Henry,  married  Sybile,  widow  of  William 

Groome  of  Patuxent,  Calvert  Co.  VI     683 

Kenneday,    James,    Kent    Co.,   whose   widow    and 

admrtx.  Mary,  married  Cornelius  Comagys.      VI     458 

Lowder,    Edward,    whose    widow    Anne    married 

James,  Kent  Co.  VI     611 

Larkins,  John,  of  the  Ridge,  in  A.  A.  Co.  VI     611 

iNewton,  Sarah,  extrx.  of  Samuel  Pritchett.  VI     544 

Palmer,  William,  widow,  Elizabeth,  admrtx.  of  es- 
tate, married  Peter  Ellis,  Baltimore  Co.  VI     462 

Pike,    William,    married    ,    widow    and 

admrtx  of  Ebenezer  Blackiston  of  Cecil  Co.       VT     474 

Pritchett,  Samuel ,  Sarah  Newton,  admtrx.  VE     544 

Parker,    Thomas,    Mary    his    wife,    widow    and 

admtrx  of  Henry  Gott,  late  of  Kent  Co.  VI     606 

Eoper,  Mary,  widow  of  Thomas  Roper,  A.  A.  Co., 

married Hammond.  VI     418 

Rawles,  William  and  Elizabeth,  his  wife,  admtrs. 

of  Edward  Copidge.  VI     641 

Sidwell,  Roger,  Baltimore  Co.,  whose  widow  mar- 
ried John  Boring.  VI     423 

Standley,  William,  whose  widow  married  Christo- 
pher Andrews  of  Kent  Co.  VI     617 

Tassell,  Francis,  whose  widow  Elizabeth  married 
Henry  Griffith.  Account  shows  one  child 
not  named.  VI     656,  394 


292  MARYLAND    HISTOKICAL    MAGAZINE. 

1679  Liber     Page 

Williams,  David  and  Jane,  his  wife,  Somerset  Co., 

"  late  murthered  by  the  Indians." 
Workman,  Joane,  widow  of  Robert  Dunn,  married 

Anthony  Workman.  VI     210 

Warrin,    Thomas,   Kent    Co.;   his   widow,    Sarah, 

married  William  Deane.  VI     433 

White,    Gustavus;    Phillis,    his    wife,    widow    and 

admtrx  of  Thomas  Howes.  VI     510 

Worrall,  Margaret,  widow  and  admtrx  of  Richard 

Ambrose.  VI     564 

White,  John,  Kent.  Co.,  Hannah  Gibson  extrx.  VI     605 

Warde,  Mary,  admtrx.  of  Richard  Foukes,  Charles 

Co.  VI     615 

1680.  Liber     Page 

Bengar,  Katharine,  wife  of  Robert  Bengar  and 
widow  and  extrx.  of  John  Shadwell,  Balti- 
more Co.  VIIA         9 

Brown,  Peregrin,  mention  of  his  name  in  acct.     VIIA     113 

Besson,  Hester,  widow  of  Thomas  Besson,  married 

Thomas  Sutton.  VIIA     126 

Beetenson,   Edmund;   Lydia,   his  wife,   widow  of 

Thomas  Watkins,  A.  A.  Co.  VIIA     172 

Bayley,    John,    Magdalen,    his   wife,    admtrx.    of 

James  Pean,  late  of  Britton's  Bay.  VITA     215 

Brown,  Katharine,  extrx.  of  Arthur  Wright,  Kent 

Co.  VIIA     269 

Clements,   Mary,   wife   of   John   Clements    (Mary 

Derumple).  VIIA         3 

Christeson,  Wenlock,  Talbot  Co.,  account  shows  wid- 
ow Elizabeth  and  daughter  Elizabeth  as  per 
will  mentions  "  children  "  also.  VIIA     108,  109 

Cole,  William,  Margaret,  his  wife,  extrx.  and  widow 

of  Michael  Rochford.  VIIA     144,  147 

Crowley,  Bryan,  Calvert  Co.,  married  Anne,  widow 

of  William  Wilson.  VIIA     148 


NOTES  FKOM  THE  EARLY  RECOEDS  OF  MARYLAND.  293 

1680  Liher     Page 

Clipsham,    Thomas,    wife,    Susannah,    widow    of 

John  Cage,  Charles  Co.  VIIA     151 

Cage,  John,  his  widow  married  Thomas  Clipsham.  VIIA     151 

CoUett,     John,    his    widow,    Elizabeth,    married 

Hazlewood,  Baltimore  Co.  YIIA     361 

Derumple,  Mary,  married  John  Clements.  VIIA         3 

Dines,  Thomas,  Charles  Co. ;  widow  Mary,  mar- 
ried    Roberson.  VIIA     305 

Evans,   John,   Calvert  'Co.,  married   Sarah,  widow 

of  Guy  White,  same  county.  VIIA     177 

Gough,  Hester  (Larkin),  widow  and  admstrx.  of 
William  Gough,  Calvert  Co.,  married  Nich- 
olas :N"icholson.  VIIA     118 

Garrettson,  Semelia,  Baltimore  Co.,  widow  and 
admtrx.  of  Ruthen  Garrettson,  married 
Yeo,  Baltimore  Co.  VIIA     283 

Griffin,  Lewis ,  Sarah,  his  widow,  married  Timothy 

Macknemara.  VIIA     377 

Hacket,  Theophilub ,  Alice,  his  wife,  was  widow  of 

Edward  Skidmore.  VIIA     139 

Hinson,  Anne,  widow  and  extrx.  of  Thomas  Hin- 

son,  married  Robert  Smith.  VIIA     329 

Hazlewood,    Elizabeth,   Baltimore   Co.,   widow   of 

John  Collett,  married Hazlewood. VIIA     361 

Harwood,  Capt.,  account  of  John  Taylor,  Baltimore 

Co.  VIIA     376 

Lewis,  Dr.  Henry  and  Henry  Lewis  the  younger 
mentioned  as  legatees  in  the  will  of  John 
Ricks.  VIIA     370 

Mcgregory,  Hugh,  in  Bohemia  River,  appraiser  of 

estate  of  Daniel  Boulton.  VIIA     268 

Mosse,  Richard,  the  following  appears  in  his  ac- 
count: "By  this  dec'd  legacy  to  his  chil- 
dren to  James  Orrouch,  his  wearing  clothes 
and  one  sett  silver  buttons.     To  daughter. 


294  MAEYLAND    HISTOEICAL    MAGAZINE. 

1680  Liher     Page 

Elizabeth,  her  legacy  1  feather  bed  and  1 
silver  whissle."  VIIA       37 

Mason,   Miles,   Dorchester    Co.,   Anne,  relict   and 

admtrx.,  married  Peter  Stoakes.  VIIA     182 

Macknemara,  Timothy,  and  Sarah,  his  wife,  widow 

of  Lewis  Griffin.  VIIA     377 

Nicholson,    ]N^icholas,    Hester    (Larkin)    his   wife, 

admtrx.  of  William  Gough  of  Calvert  Co.     YII     118 

Orruck,  James),   Mary,  his  wife,  widow  of  John 

Eicks,  A.  A.  Co.  VIIA     368 

Parker,  William,  whose  widow  married  Nicholas 
Painter.  In  inventory  William  Parker  of 
the  Clifts,  are  the  following  items :  "  one  old 
carte  saddle  and  one  coUer  for  a  Phill  Horse" 
first  mention  of  a  cart  in  the  inventories.         VII     132 

Pean,  James,  and  Magdalen,  his  widow  and  admtrx., 

married  John  Bayley.  VIIA     215 

In  this  account  appears  "  To  Eobert  Ridge- 
ley,  clerk  of  the  lower  house  of  the  assem- 
bly for  fees  for  naturalizacon  the  dec'd  wife 
and  daughter."  VIIA     217 

Rochford,  Michael,  his  widow  and  extrx,  Margaret, 

married  William  Cole.  VIIA     144 

Rowlandts,  Robert,  Charles  Co.,  Margery,  his  wid- 
ow, married  Humphrey  Warren.  VIIA     166 

Roberson,  Mary,  relict  of  Thomas  Dines,  of  Charles 

Co.  VIIA     305 

Ricks,  John,  A.  A.  Co.,  Mary,  his  widow,  married 

James  Orruck.  VIIA     368 

Shadwell,    John,    Baltimore   Co. ;    his   widow   and 

extrx.,  Katharine,  married  Robert  Bengar.    VIIA         9 

Sinclair,  Joseph,  age  about  forty  years,  by  deposi- 
tion Cecil  Co.  VIIA       56 

Sperna,  Joseph,  aged  about  30  years,  by  deposition, 

Cecil  Co.  VIIA       56 


NOTES  FEOM  THE  EAELT  KECOKDS  OF  MABYLAND.  295 

1680  Liber     Page 

Sutton,  Hester,  widow  of  Thomas  Besson,  married 

Thomas  Sutton.  YIIA     126 

Skidmore,    Edward,    his    widow,    Alice,    married 

Theopilus  Hacket,  A.  A.  Co.  VIIA     139 

Stoakes,  Peter,  Dorchester  Co.,  Anne,  his  wife,  relict 

and  extrx.  of  Miles  Mason,  same  county.        VIIA     182 

Smith,  Robert,  Anne,  his  wife,  widow  and  extrx. 

of  Thomas  Hinson.  VIIA     327 

Wilson,  William,  whose  widow,  Anne,  married  Bry- 
an Crowley,  of  Calvert  Co.  VIIA     148 

Warren,  Humphrey ,  Margery,  his  wife,  was  widow 

of  Robert  Rowlandts,  Charles  Co.  VIIA     166 

Watkins,  Thomas,  A.  A.  Co. ;  widow,  Lydia,  mar- 
ried Edmund  Beetenson.  VIIA     1Y2 

White,  Guy,  Calvert  Co. ;  his  widow,  Sarah,  mar- 
ried John  Evans,  Calvert  Co.  VIIA     177 

Wright,  Arthur,  Kent  Co.,  extrx.  Katharine  Brown. VIIA     269 

White,  Ambrose,  Somerset  Co. ;  names  of  children 

Ambrose,  Wrixam  and  Grace.  VIIA     323 

1681  Liber     Page 
Ayres,  John ;  Anne,  his  wife,  widow  and  admtrx.  of 

Thomas  Earle,  Talbot  Co.  VIIB       27 

Bird,  John,  A.  A.  Co. ;  Elizabeth,  his  wife,  was  wid- 
ow of  Dr.  Henry  Lewis.  VIIB         8 

Benson,  John ,  his  widow,  Elizabeth,  married  Rich- 
ard Harrison.  VIIB       43 

Barden,  Charles,  Elizabeth,  his  widow  and  admrtx., 

married  James  Cassey.  VIIB     166 

Cooke,  Edward,  Katharine,  his  wife,  widow  and 

admtrx.  of  Robert  Winsmore,  Dorchester  Co.  VIIB       47 

Cassey,    James,   his  wife,    Elizabeth,  widow   and 

admtrx.  of  Charles  Barden.  VIIB     166 

Davis,  Abigale,  Dorchester  Co.,  admrtx.  of  Arthur 

Wright,  Dorchester  Co.  VIIB     153 


296  MARYLAND    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

1681  Liber     Page 
Dunn,  Jolm,  appraiser  of  estate  of  Humphrey  Da- 
vis, Talbot  Co.                                               VIIB     178 

Earle,  Thomas ,  Anne,  his  widow  and  admtrx.,  mar- 
ried John  Ayres.  VIIB       27 

Harrison,  Richard,  his  wife,  Elizabeth,  widow  of 

John  Benson,  Calvert  Co.  VIIB       43 

Hubbard,   John,   Margaret,   his  wife,  widow   and 

admtrx.  of  John  Leekins  of  Baltimore  Co.     VIIB     157 

Hollis,   William,   Baltimore   Co. ;    his   widow   and 

admtrx.  was  Elizabeth  Russell.  VIIB     168 

Leekins,  John,  of  Baltimore  Co. ;  his  widow  and 
admtrx.,  Margaret,  married  John  Hub- 
bard, same  county.  VIIB     157 

Meridale,  Thomas,  tobacco  due  him  from  the  estate 
of  George  Symonds,  A.  A.  Co.,  for  a  year's 
schooling  of  his  son  and  for  writing  his  will, 
725  lbs.  VIIB     210 

Russell,  Elizabeth,  widow  and  admtrx.  of  William 

Hollis,  Baltimore  Co.  VIIB     168 

Wynnall,  John;  his  widow  and  admtrx,  Katharine, 

married  John  Grover,  Calvert  Co.  VII C     227 

1682  Liber     Page 
Asbeston,  Winnif  red,  daughter  of  William  Asbeston, 

Charles  Co.  VIIC     230 

also,  in  same  acct., 

Mary  Asbeston,  relationship  not  stated. 

Isabelle  Asbeston,  his  daughter. 

Rebecca  Asbeston,  relationship  not  stated. 

William  Asbeston,  his  son. 
Bassett,   Thomas,  widow  and  admtrx.,   Margaret, 

married  Edward  Fishwick.  VIIC     197 

Blackfan,  John,  Mary,  his  wife,  widow  of  Joseph 

Manning.  VIIC     253 

Bright,  Thomas,  Kent  Co. ;  his  widow  and  admtrx., 

Cecily,  married  Joseph  Sudler.  VIIC     309 


NOTES  FKOM  THE  EAKLY  RECORDS  OF  MARYLAND.  297 

16S2  Liher     Page 

Bagby,  Ursula,  widow  of  Amos  Bagby,  Calvert  Co., 

wbo  married  William  House,  Jr.  VIIC     309 

Canon,  Thomas,  married  Henrietta,  widow  of  Ed- 
ward Swanson.  VIIC     184 
His  widow,  Henrietta,  afterwards  married 
Reeves.  VIIC     191 

Calvert,  Hon.  William,  Inventory.  VIIC     219 

Coventon,    Nehemia,    his    widow,    Anne,    married 

Phillip  Hopkins,  Talbot  Co.  VIIC     262 

Croshaw,  Elizabeth,  wife  of  William  (  ?)   Croshaw 

and  widow  of  Thomas  Eussell.  VIIC     330 

Constable,  Henry,  whose  wife,  Katharine,  of  A.  A. 

Co.,  was  widow  of  James  Rigby.  VIIC     335 

Edwards,  Richard,  whose  wife,  Hannah,  was  widow 

of  John  Pott,  Calvert  Co.  VIIC       87 

Eaton,  William,  son-in-law  of  John  Johnson,  Tal- 
bot Co.  VIIC     293 

Erancum,    Henry,    whose    widow,    Anne,   married 

Edward  Maddock,  Charles  Co.  VIIC       95 

Fishwick,  Edward,  married  Margaret,  widow  and 

admtrx  of  Thomas  Bassett,  St.  M.  Co.     VIIC,  197,  198 

Grover,  John,  Calvert  Co.,  married  Katherine, 
widow  and  admtrx.  of  John  Wynnall,  Cal- 
vert Co.  VIIC     227 

Harris,  Elizabeth,  widow  of  Samuel  Harris,  St.  M. 

Co.  VIIC     130 

Hall,   Richard,   and  Mary.  VIIC     164 

Harrison,  Sarah,  in  whose  acct.  it  is  mentioned  that 
Mary  Broadnox  formerly  gave  certain  cattle 
to  Andrew  Towlson,  eldest  son  of  Sarah  Har- 
rison. VIIC     168 

Hopkins,  Philip,  Talbot  Co.,  married  Anne,  widow 

of  Nehemia  Coventon.  VIIC     262 

House,   William,   Jr.,   married  Ursula,   widow  of 

Amos  Bagby,  Calvert  Co.  VIIC     310 


298  MAEYLAND    HISTOEICAI.    MAGAZINE. 

1682  Liber     Page 

Maddock,  Anne,  widow  of  Henry  Francum,  married 

Edward  Maddock,   Charles   Co.  YIIC       95 

Martin,  John,  Charles  Co.,  married  Mary,  widow  of 

Richard  Hall,  Charles  Co.  VIIC     164 

Maddock,  Edward,  Charles  Co.,  whose  widow,  Mar- 
gery, was  the  widow  of  Matthew  Stone, 
Charles  Co.  VIIC     250 

Manning,  Joseph ,  his  widow,  Mary,  afterward  mar- 
ried John  Blackfan.  VIIC     253 

Martindale,  Ruth,  was  widow  of  Thomas  Vaughn, 

St.  M.  Co.  VIIC     328 

Pott,  John,  Calvert  Co. ;  his  widow,  Hannah,  mar- 
ried Richard  Edwards,  Calvert  Co.  VIIC       87 

Reeves,  Henrietta,  widow  of  Edward  Swanson,  mar- 
ried Thomas  Canon,  and  afterwards 

Reeves. 

Russell,   Thomas,   his  widow,   Elizabeth,   married 

Wm.(?)  Croshaw.  VIIC     330 

Rigby,  James;  his  widow,  Katharine,  A.  A.  Co., 

married  Henry  Constable.  VIIC     335 

Swanson,  Edward,  his  widow,  Henrietta,  married 

Thomas   Canon   and   afterwards   

Reeves.  VIIC     184 

Stone,  Matthew,  his  widow,  Margery,  married  Ed- 
ward Maddock,  Charles  Co.  VIIC     250 

Sudler,  Joseph,  married  Cecily,  widow  and  extrx. 

of  Thomas  Bright,  Kent  Co.  VIIC     309 

Toulson,  Andrew,  son  of  Sarah  Harrison.  VIIC     182 

Vaughn,  Thomas,  St.  M.  Co. ;  widow,  Ruth,  mar- 
ried    Martindale.  VIIC     328 


CATONSVILLE    BIOGRAPHIES.  299 


CATONSVILLE  BIOGRAPHIES 

George  C.  Keidel,  Ph.  D. 


1.     Richard  Caton  of  Catonsville  * 
Family  History 

The  Caton  family  seems  to  have  been  of  iN^orman  origin,  and 
the  name  occurs  frequently  in  the  annals  of  English  history; 
but  the  genealogists  have  not  yet  succeeded  in  discovering  all  of 
the  connecting  links  between  the  subject  of  this  sketch  and  the 
earliest  known  member  of  the  family  in  England.  Suffice  it 
here  to  record  the  following  disconnected  items :  ^ 

Walter  de  Caton,  Knight,  1193,  was  present  with  the  King's 
Army  at  York; 

John  de  Caton  is  on  record  for  the  year  1297: 

Thomas  de  Caton  in  1311  held  the  manors  of  Caton  and 
Littledale;  ' 

John  de  Caton  in  1352  was  rector  of  Gawsworth,  and  died 
in  1391: 

John  de  Caton  in  1386  gave  the  manor  of  Cockerham  to  the 
Abbey  of  Leicester; 

Robert  de  Caton  in  1402  was  the  priest  chancellor  of  the 
Bishop  of  Winchester; 

John  Caton  in  1448  was  a  citizen  of  London; 

John  Caton  mentioned  in  149Y  has  descendants  now  living 
at  Prittlewell,  Essex,  and  Flookborough,  Lancaster ; 

John  Caton  in  1511  was  priest  vicar  of  Heine; 

Thomas  Caton  in  1522  was  buried  at  St.  John  Zachary, 
London. 

•Copyright  1921  Iby  George  C.  Keidel, 

^  Extracts  from  a  family  pedigree  "  compiled  by  Wm.  Woodville  Shel- 
merdine,  1917,  from  authentic  documents  and  family  papers,"  original 
manuscript  belonging  to  Mrs.  J.  J.  Jackson,  Baltimore,  Md. 


300  MARYLAND    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

The  earliest  known  ancestor  of  the  subject  of  our  sketch  was 
William  'Caton,  who  was  born  at  Heysham,  a  small  place  near 
Caton,  Lancashire,  England,  in  1684.  William  Caton's  second 
wife  was  Isabel  Chaffers,  to  whom  he  was  married  in  1724. 
Their  son  Joseph  Caton  was  born  in  1731,  and  in  1735  the 
father  died  and  was  buried  at  his  birthplace.  At  one  time 
this  Joseph  Caton  was  the  captain  of  an  Indiaman,  and  when 
on  shore  resided  in  Liverpool. 

Some  record  of  this  Joseph  Caton  has  been  preserved  in  a 
partial  copy  of  his  last  will  and  testament  lately  in  the  posses- 
sion of  Mrs.  John  Joseph  Jackson,  a  distant  relative  residing 
in  Baltimore,  Maryland.  This  will  was  made  and  published 
by  him  on  the  26th  of  February,  1796,  and  in  it  he  enumerates 
five  children  and  two  grandchildren  to  whom  he  bequeaths  his 
property. 

Eichard  Caton,  the  subject  of  our  sketch,  appears  to  have 
been  the  oldest  of  the  children,  and  his  father  refers  to  the  fact 
that  when  he  had  left  home  he  had  given  him  the  sum  of  five 
hundred  pounds.  In  a  codicil  to  this  will  made  March  26, 
1803,  occur  the  following  words: 

"  ^ow  I  do  hereby  revoke  and  make  void  such  bequest  as  to  the 
share  of  my  said  son  E.  C.  only  and  do  hereby  order,  will,  and 
direct  that  the  share  of  my  said  son  E.  C,  of  and  in  the  residue 
and  remainder  of  my  said  real  and  personal  estate,  or  the  money 
arising  therefrom,  together  with  the  interest  and  proceeds  that 
shall  grow  due  thereon,  and  which  I  hereby  direct  shall  accu- 
mulate until  the  same  shall  become  payable,  shall  be  equally 
divided  between  and  amongst  all  and  every  the  lawful  child  and 
children  of  my  said  son  E.  C.  living  at  the  time  of  his  decease, 
or  bom  in  due  time  afterwards  to  be  equally  divided  among 
them." 

The  original  of  this  will  is  no  doubt  on  file  at  Liverpool, 
England. 

Of  Joseph  Caton,  the  father  of  Eichard,  we  know  further 
that  he  married  a  girl  of  sixteen,  and  had  a  family  of  eight 
children,  his  oldest  son  being  born  on  the  fifteenth  of  April. 


CATONSVILLE    BIOGEAPHIES.  301 

1763.  The  best  known  modern  representative  of  the  family 
in  England  is  Dr.  Richard  Caton,  who  was  recently  Lord  Mayor 
of  Liverpool  and  who  is  a  scholar  and  writer  of  some  note.^ 

Courtship  and  Marriage 

Soon  after  reaching  the  future  metropolis  of  Maryland  and 
the  South  (in  a  manner  and  at  a  date  not  recorded)  the  young 
English  merchant  seems  to  have  fallen  in  love  with  the  sixteen- 
year  old  Polly  Carroll,  eldest  surviving  daughter  of  Charles 
Carroll  of  CarroUton,  then  and  afterwards  a  power  in  Mary- 
land political  life.  The  young  lady's  real  name  was  of  course 
Mary,  so  named  no  doubt  after  her  mother  Mary  Darnall ;  and 
we  find  that  Richard  Caton  was  not  without  a  rival,  as  we  dis- 
tinctly learn  from  a  letter  written  by  the  Signer  to  his  cousin 
Daniel  Carroll  of  Duddington,  later  so  well  known  in  connec- 
tion with  the  early  history  of  the  City  of  Washington.  For  it 
would  seem  that  the  latter  had  been  a  suitor  for  the  hand  of  his 
fair  relative,  and  this  would  have  been  a  match  which  her  father 
evidently  would  have  preferred  to  the  one  she  had  set  her 
heart  on. 

Scarcely  had  the  gay  and  charming  Polly  Carroll  reached 
early  womanhood  when  her  father  became  aware  that  she  had 
given  her  affections  to  a  handsome  young  Englishman,  who  had 
recently  arrived  in  America  and  who  could  not  at  that  date 
(probably  early  in  the  year  1Y87)  boast  of  a  sufficient  fortune 
to  recommend  him  to  a  wealthy  father  as  a  suitable  husband 
for  the  beautiful  girl  who  had  bqcome  attached  to  him.  For 
Polly  Carroll,  although  at  that  time  little  more  than  a  child, 
was  already  recognized  as  the  reigning  belle  of  the  society  in 
which  she  moved.  Her  portrait  painted  by  Robert  H.  Pine 
and  still  preserved  by  her  descendants,  even  yet  testifies  elo- 
quently to  her  fascination  as  a  young  girl.  The  position  occu- 
pied by  her  father,  apart  from  his  daughter's  personal  attrac- 

*  Compare  the  chapter  entitled  "  A  Favorite  of  Destiny  "  in  A.  M.  W. 
Stirling's  A  Painter  of  Dreams,  and  Other  Biographical  Studies,  London, 
1&16. 


302  MARYLAND    HISTOEICAL    MAGAZINE. 

tions,  would  alone  liave  assured  her  of  a  large  amount  of  public 
attention.  Hence  it  is  small  wonder  that  the  Senator  harbored 
some  more  ambitious  matrimonial  project  for  the  daughter  of 
whom  he  was  so  justly  proud,  and  it  may  easily  be  imagined 
how  keenly  disappointed  he  must  have  been  to  learn  of 
his  daughter's  attachment  for  a  penniless  though  handsome 
adventurer. 

Charles  Carroll  of  Carrollton,  therefore,  used  every  parental 
persuasion  to  check  the  young  girl's  resolution ;  but  finding  his 
own  arguments  unavailing,  he  at  length  appealed  to  his  friend 
Thomas  Cockey  Deye  to  bring  fresh  influence  to  bear  upon  so 
awkward  a  predicament.  The  story  runs  that  Mr.  Deye,  then 
occupying  high  political  rank  at  Annapolis,  having  in  turn  ex- 
hausted his  powers  of  eloquence  returned  to  Charles  Carroll 
of  Carrollton  to  report  the  complete  failure  of  his  mission. 
Thereupon  the  Senator  determined  to  try  one  last  experiment: 
"  Go,"  he  said,  "  and  ask  her  if  her  lover  gets  into  jail  who  will 
get  him  out  ? "  Mr.  Deye,  being  thus  armed,  returned  to  the 
charge ;  but  on  hearing  his  question  the  beautiful  girl,  with  her 
face  rendered  yet  more  lovely  by  the  enthusiasm  which  inspired 
it,  raised  her  tiny  hands  heavenwards,  and  exclaimed  dramati- 
cally :  "  These  hands  shall  take  him  out."  The  solution  might 
not  be  convincing,  but  the  devotion  which  prompted  it  con- 
quered the  father's  heart.  Persuaded  that  his  daughter's  hap- 
piness was  at  stake,  he  withdrew  his  opposition  to  her  engage- 
ment and  on  March  13,  1Y87,  he  penned  to  Daniel  Carroll  of 
Duddington  a  letter  which  was  little  calculated  to  be  welcome 
to  the  recipient.^     The  letter  begins  thus: 

"Dear  Cousin :  I  am  favored  with  your  letter  of  the  20th  of 
September.  As  the  intelligence  I  am  going  to  give  you  may 
make  some  alterations  in  your  plans,  although  disagreeable,  I 
must  impart  it  to  you.  My  daughter,  I  am  sorry  to  inform 
you,  is  much  attached  to  and  has  engaged  herself  to,  a  young 

*  The  original  letter  has  ibeen  preserved  aanong  the  family  papers  of  Mrs. 
Wm.  C.  Pennington,  Baltimore,  Md. 


CATONSVILLE    BIOGEAPHIES.  303 

English  gentleman  of  the  name  of  Caton.  I  do  sincerely  wish 
that  she  had  placed  her  affections  elsewhere,  but  I  do  not  think 
I  am  at  liberty  to  control  her  choice  when  fixed  on  a  person  of 
unexceptionable  character.  My  assent  to  this  union  is  obtained 
on  two  conditions,  that  the  young  gentleman  shall  extricate 
himself  from  some  debts  which  he  has  contracted  and  shall  get 
into  a  business  sufficient  to  maintain  himself  and  a  family. 
These  conditions  he  has  promised  to  comply  with,  and,  when 
performed,  there  will  be  no  other  impediment  in  the  way  of  his 
marriage.  Time  will  wear  away  the  impression  which  an  early 
attachment  has  made  on  your  heart,  and  I  hope  you  will  find, 
in  the  course  of  a  year  or  two,  some  agreeable,  virtuous,  and 
sweet  tempered  young  lady,  whose  reciprocal  affection,  tender- 
ness and  goodness  of  disposition,  will  make  you  happy  and 
forget  the  loss  of  my  daughter.  Miss  Darnall  and  Molly  desire 
their  kind  compliments  to  you." 

1^0  account  is  given  of  the  effect  produced  upon  the  luckless 
suitor  by  this  fateful  letter;  but  the  intelligence  it  conveyed 
was  soon  confirmed,  as  before  the  year  was  out  Richard  Caton 
and  Polly  Carroll  had  been  married.  Perhaps  a  further  attempt 
on  the  part  of  the  father  to  soothe  the  feelings  of  the  rejected 
suitor  may  be  seen  in  the  following  sentence  found  in  a  letter 
from  Charles  Carroll  of  CarroUton  to  Daniel  Carroll  of  Dud- 
dington,  Esq.,  London,  dated  at  Annapolis  on  the  28th  of  May, 
1787 ;  ^  namely  that : 

"  Miss  Darnall  and  my  daughter  join  me  in  sincere  wishes 
for  your  health  and  happiness." 

But  scant  note  of  the  wedding  itself  has  come  down  to  us,  but 
it  would  appear  that  from  this  time  forward  the  fortunes  of 
Richard  Caton  were  largely  blended  with  those  of  the  Carroll 
family  of  Maryland,  and  his  later  history  forms  but  a  part  of 
the  famous  whole. 

*  The  original  letter  has  heen  preserved  among  the  family  papers  of  Mrs. 
Wm.  C.  Pennington,  Baltimore,  Md. 

7 


304  MAEYLAlfD    HISTOEICAL    MAGAZINE. 

Business  Career 

Of  Richard  Caton's  independent  business  career  in  Balti- 
more prior  to  his  notorious  failure  we  have  left  to  us  only  slight 
indications.  As  early  as  Oct.  29,  1784,  we  find  him  advertising 
wine  for  sale  in  a  Baltimore  newspaper,  and  a  few  days  later  on 
Nov.  5,  1784,  a  cargo  of  merchandize  from  Liverpool  is  likewise 
advertised  by  "Eichard  Caton,  and  Co.  at  their  store.  Gay-street, 
adjoining  the  Hon.  John  Smith,  Esq."  Later  on  we  find  him 
taking  an  interest  in  real  estate,  as  well  as  in  a  variety  of  other 
enterprises. 

The  following  notes  concerning  attempted  real  estate  transac- 
tions in  connection  with  a  famous  plantation  lying  to  the  north- 
west of  Baltimore  and  about  two  miles  north  of  the  present 
village  of  Catonsville  may  be  of  interest  here.  There  was  at 
this  time  another  well-known  gentleman  named  Daniel  Carroll 
(not  the  suitor  previously  mentioned),  who  owned  a  large  place 
called  Mount  Dillon.  This  place  was  offered  for  sale  by  Rich- 
ard Caton  in  an  advertisement  dated  August  1,  1794,^  and  it  is 
again  mentioned  in  a  French  advertisement  appearing  in  a 
Baltimore  newspaper  on  September  12,  1795.^  Here  it  is 
stated  that  a  place  offered  for  sale  is  seven  miles  from  Balti- 
more and  opposite  Mr.  Carroll's  on  "  la  grande  route  de  Fred- 
erick-Town." From  this  it  would  appear  that  Richard  Caton 
had  been  unsuccessful  in  his  attempt  to  find  a  customer  for 
Mount  Dillon ;  and  indeed  we  find  Daniel  Carroll  himself  still 
advertising  his  place  for  sale  on  May  5,  1796.'^ 

As  early  as  the  year  1790  we  find  Richard  Caton  entering  an 
association  for  the  manufacture  of  cotton,  and  this  enterprise 
eventually  developed  into  the  well  known  cotton  duck  mills  at 
Woodberry. 

*  The  Maryland  Journal  and  Baltimore  Advertiser,  August  1,  1794, 
p.  4,  col.  2. 

*  The  Federal  Intelligencer  and  Baltimore  Daily  Gazette,  September  12, 
1795,  p.  4,  col.  4. 

*  The  Federal  Gazette  and  Baltimore  Daily  Advertiser,  May  5,  1796. 


CATONSVILLE    BIOGRAPHIES.  305 

In  this  same  year  1790  we  catch  glimpses  of  Richard  Caton's 
farming  operations  in  the  following  paragraphs  of  a  letter 
written  by  Charles  Carroll  of  Carrollton  to  his  daughter  Mrs. 
Caton:^ 

Senate,  14  April,  1790. 
Dear  Molly : — 

I  hope  you  are  at  the  Manor  with  your  little  one  and  Mr. 
CatoUj  and  Mrs.  Rankin,  and  that  you  find  the  country  as  agree- 
able as  Annapolis  .  .  .  Mr.  O'lsTeal  tells  me  that  the  recent 
frost  has  much  injured  the  fruit,  peaches  and  pears.  Let  me 
know  whether  all  the  pears  and  peaches  are  destroyed;  the 
apples,  he  says,  Harry  informed  him  were  not  injured.  I  hope 
soon  to  have  a  letter  from  you  and  Mr.  Caton  and  to  hear  that 
all  things  on  the  Manor  and  at  his  farm  (Catonsville)  going 
well.  Give  my  compliments  to  Mrs.  Rankin.  How  does  she 
like  Doughoregan?  Kiss  your  dear  little  girls  for  me,  and 
remember  me  affectionately  to  Mr.  Caton.  God  bless  my  dear 
child,  I  am  your  affectionate  father, 

Charles  Carroll  of  Carrollton. 

In  the  year  1795  Bishop  John  Carroll  (1735-1815)  was  the 
leader  in  a  movement  to  found  the  Library  Association  of 
Baltimore,  and  Richard  Caton  was  one  of  those  associated  with 
him  from  the  beginning.  The  collections  of  this  company  were 
many  years  later  merged  into  those  of  the  Maryland  Historical 
Society.® 

At  one  time  Richard  Caton  also  took  considerable  interest 

*  The  original  letter  has  been  preserved  among  the  family  papers  of  Mr. 
Charles  Carroll  MacTavish,  and  it  has  been  published  in  a  book  entitled: 
"  Unpublished  Letters  of  Charles  Carroll  of  Carrollton  and  of  His  Father, 
Charles  Carroll  of  Doughoregan,  compiled  and  edited  with  a  memoir  by 
Thos.  Meagher  Field,  New  York,  1902.     See  pp.  160-162. 

"See  [Daniel  Brent],  Biographical  Sketch  of  the  Most  Rev-  John  Carroll, 
edited  by  John  Carroll  Brent,  Baltimore,  1843:  John  Gilmary  Shea,  Li/e 
and  Times  of  the  Most  Rev.  John  Carroll,  New  York,  1888. 


306  MARYLAND    HISTOEICAIi    MAGAZINE. 

in  geological  matters;  but  his  scientific  ardor  eventually  led 
him  to  financial  disaster,  as  will  be  seen  presently. 

Bankruptcy 

Richard  Caton's  short  though  checkered  business  career  on 
his  own  account  came  to  a  sudden  end  somewhere  about  the 
year  1800.  His  geological  studies  had  led  him  on  a  few  years 
before  to  a  venture  in  the  coal  mine  business  at  Cape  Sable; 
but  this  proved  disastrous  and  he  failed  for  the  sum  of  forty 
thousand  dollars.  At  that  time  this  was  a  very  large  debt  for 
a  business  man  with  a  large  family  to  have  hanging  over  his 
head,  and  though  he  lived  for  about  forty-five  years  longer  he 
never  succeeded  in  paying  it  off,  and  thus  died  still  a  bankrupt. 

Richard  Caton's  bankruptcy  seems  to  have  had  various  con- 
sequences in  subsequent  years,  some  of  which  may  be  enumer- 
ated as  follows: 

1.  It  was  no  doubt  at  this  time  that  Charles  Carroll  of  Car- 
rollton  began  the  payment  of  a  regular  allowance  to  his  daughter 
Mrs.  Caton,  reference  to  which  is  expressly  made  in  the  state- 
ment of  her  son-in-law,  John  McTavish,  which  was  drawn  up 
in  the  year  1824  in  connection  with  a  discussion  of  the  family 
allowances  made  by  the  Signer  up  to  that  time. 

2.  In  order  to  prevent  his  creditors  laying  hands  on  Richard 
Caton's  prospective  inheritance  from  his  father,  the  latter  made 
a  final  codicil  to  his  will  in  the  year  1803  bequeathing  his  eldest 
son's  share  to  the  latter's  children. 

3.  His  father-in-law  also,  probably  in  order  to  keep  the 
bankrupt  out  of  the  debtor's  jail,  from  this  time  on  made  an 
annual  payment  of  three  thousand  dollars  to  his  son-in-law's 
creditors,  which  payment  was  continued  by  Mrs.  Caton  after 
her  father's  death  and  led  to  unpleasant  complications  with  the 
other  heirs. 

4.  Perhaps  it  was  owing  finally  to  the  same  bankruptcy  that 
Richard  Caton  spent  the  last  forty  years  of  his  life  it  would 
seem,  as  the  agent  for  the  Carroll  family  in  their  real  estate 


CATONSVILLE    BIOGRAPHIES.  307 

transactions.  He  it  was  who  in  opposition  to  the  ideas  of  his 
brother-in-law,  General  Robert  Goodloe  Harper,  laid  out  the 
villages  of  Catonsville  and  CarroUton,  the  latter  in  the  year 
1810. 

Carroll  Will  Case 

One  of  the  most  famous  will  cases  in  the  annals  of  Baltimore 
was  that  of  Charles  Carroll  of  CarroUton,  last  surviving  signer 
of  the  Declaration  of  Independence.  While  there  were  many 
persons  involved  in  this  contest,  the  chief  character  appears  to 
have  been  his  son-in-law  Richard  Caton.  Mr.  Carroll,  then  the 
wealthiest  man  in  America,  had  followed  the  general  policy  of 
keeping  his  affairs  in  his  own  control,  dealing  largely  in  real 
estate  in  all  its  many  phases;  but  as  the  years  passed  and  he 
became  less  and  less  able  to  attend  to  business  matters,  he 
appointed  his  son-in-law  Richard  Caton  his  agent  and  gradu- 
ally turned  over  to  him  the  management  of  his  estate  to  a  great- 
er and  ever  greater  degree.  From  time  to  time,  Mr.  Carroll 
allotted  sums  of  money  to  his  children  and  their  families,  gradu- 
ally increasing  the  amount  as  the  years  passed,  but  never  mak- 
ing any  real  division  of  his  estate  among  them.  Finally  in  his 
old  age  he  had  the  celebrated  Maryland  jurist,  later  Chief  Jus- 
tice of  the  United  States,  Roger  Brooke  Taney  draw  up  his 
will.  Some  years  later  Mr.  Carroll,  foreseeing  dissensions 
among  his  heirs  and  at  the  instigation  no  doubt  of  Mr,  Richard 
Caton,  had  a  codicil  to  his  will  drawn  up  by  Mr.  John  H.  B. 
Latrobe  in  which  he  threatened  to  disinherit  any  of  his  heirs 
who  would  dispute  the  provisions  of  his  will  after  his  death. -^ 
This  incident  caused  much  ill-feeling  in  one  way  and  another, 
and  shortly  after  Mr.  Carroll's  death  in  November,  1832,  Mr. 
Richard  Caton  published  a  pamphlet  giving  an  account  of  his 
stewardship  in  his  own  defense.  The  main  point  at  issue  was 
the  fact  that  after  Mr.  Carroll's  death  it  was  discovered  that  the 
Caton  branch  of  the  family  had  been  bequeathed  by  far  the 

^'John  E.  Semmes,  John  H.  B.  Latrobe  &  His   Times,  1803   to   1891. 
Baltimore,  Maryland,  The  Norman  Remington  Co.,  1917.     See  p.  291. 


308  MARYLAND    HISTOKICAL    MAGAZINE. 

most  important  part  of  the  estate,  and  this  caused  jealousy  and 
ill-feeling  on  the  part  of  the  other  heirs.  After  much  discus- 
sion, assisted  hy  various  lawyers,  an  agreement  was  finally 
reached  and  thereafter  the  controversy  quieted  down. 

It  may  be  of  interest  here  to  quote  Mr.  Caton's  own  state- 
ment of  his  case  as  given  in  two  documents  which  have  been 
preserved : 

The  Maryland  Historical  Society  owns  a  copy  of  the  rare 
pamphlet  referred  to  above,  whose  lengthy  title  is  as  follows : 

A  Brief  Statement  of  Facts  in  the  management  of  the  late 
Mr.  Carroll  of  Carrollton's  Moneyed  Estate,  by  Richard  Caton, 
his  agent,  and  of  the  circumstances  arising  out  of  it,  in  relation 
to  the  distribution  among  the  three  branches  of  the  family. 

The  opening  paragraph  reads  as  follows: 

"As  much  observation  has  arisen  on  the  subject  of  Mr.  Car- 
roll's Will,  and  the  disposition  of  his  property  during  his  life 
time,  to  the  three  branches  of  his  family,  in  the  discussion  of 
which  I  am  a  prominent  object ;  I  feel  it  necessary  to  produce 
facts,  in  relation  to  my  stewardship : — and  I  have  a  confidence 
that  every  honest  and  unprejudiced  mind,  will  give  me  credit 
for  having  in  a  great  measure  created  Mr.  Carroll's  moneyed 
estate,  and  for  the  integrity  and  liberality  with  which  I  have 
acted  to  the  Harper  and  Carroll  Branches  of  the  family,  often 
at  the  expense  of  my  own." 

The  other  document  referred  to  is  an  autograph  letter  of 
Richard  Caton's  now  in  the  Library  of  Congress  which  reads 
as  follows  :^^ 

Baltimore,  Feb.  28th,  '33. 
Dr.  Sr.— 

I  thank  you  for  your  kind  letter,  addressed  to  me,  but  in 
fact  the  Subject  matter,  intended  for  Mrs.  McTavish. 

"  This  letter  is  pasted  in  a  large  scrap-book,  which  was  purchased  by  the 
Library  of  Congress  in  1903  from  a  Washington  art  dealer  named  Fisher. 
The  letter  is  torn  and  has  been  patched  in  several  places.  [Vidimus,  G.  C. 
K.,  June  11,  1919.] 


CATONSVILLE    BIOGRAPHIES.  309^ 

I  can  only  say  on  our  part,  that  I  have,  and  each  member  of 
my  family  has,  a  strong  desire  to  put  an  end  to  a  calamitous 
and  costly  legal  contention.  If  a  legal  issue  be  actually  the 
object  sought  for,  by  the  adverse  party,  and  truth  be  the  object 
desired,  let  us  have  a  trial  on  the  Caveat  of  Mrs.  Carroll  or 
any  other  person  before  the  Orphan's  Court,  and  send  the 
record  to  the  Court  of  Appeals,  where  a  final  adjudication  can 
be  had,  and  the  law  be  made  known.  This  will  at  least  put 
a  stop  to  expenditure,  that  must  have  finally,  a  termination 
in  the  Court  of  Appeals,  and  there  only ;  whatever  intermediate 
points  the  question  may  pass  thro'.  As  to  a  reference,  I  fear 
there  is  no  chance,  without  surrendering  the  Will,  which  will 
never  be  consented  to.  I  made  proposals  for  a  reference  some 
five  weeks  since  a  common  friend  of  the  family  communicated 
verbally  the  modus  operandi,  of  the  project,  and  he  and  one 
of  the  counsel  approved  of  it ;  but  Mr.  Carroll  rejected  it. 

I  will  show  you  a  "pro  forma"  of  the  Project; — you  will 
see,  that  the  objects  of  justice  and  equity  are  by  it,  attainable, 
by  a  very  simple  procedure.  The  subject  will  be  further  pro- 
ceeded on,  by  and  by — the  Parties  know  we  are  ready  to  close 
the  contest  by  arrangement, — or  a  judicial  decision,  in  the 
shortest  way.  If  by  your  kind  counsels,  these  ends  can  be  pro- 
moted (and  either  of  them  will  be  met  by  us)  we  shall  indeed 
feel  much  obliged. 

I  am  very  truly  with  Eespect, 

D.  Sr.  yrs., 

Ed.  Caton.. 
John  Weems,  Esqre., 

Ellieotts  Mills  P.  0., 
Be.  Co. 

Death  and  Obituaries 

The  glorious  social  life  of  the  Catons  became  a  tradition  in 
the  annals  of  Baltimore ;  but  this  could  not  last  forever.  And 
so  we  find  that  having  reached  a  ripe  old  age  Kichard  Caton 
on  May  19,  1845,  passed  to  his  eternal  rest.     It  has  unfortu- 


310  MAEYLAND    HISTOEICAL    MAGAZINE. 

nately  not  been  possible  for  the  writer  to  discover  where  he  was 
buried,  but  it  may  be  worth  while  to  quote  some  of  the  obitu- 
aries published  in  the  Baltimore  newspapers. 

The  Baltimore  American  published  the  following  brief  no- 
tice :^2 

"  One  of  our  oldest  citizens,  Eichard  Caton,  Esq.,  departed 
this  life  yesterday  morning  after  a  very  brief  illness,  in  the 
eighty-third  year  of  his  age.  Mr.  Caton  was  the  son-in-law  of 
the  late  Charles  Carroll  of  Carrolton." 

The  American  Republican  and  Baltimore  Daily  Clipper  un- 
der the  head  of  City  Intelligence  gave  a  fuller  account  in  the 
following  words  :^^ 

"  Death  of  an  old  and  esteemed  citizen.  We  regret  to  record 
the  death  of  Richard  Caton,  esq.,  who  departed  this  life  yes- 
terday morning  after  a  short  illness,  in  the  83d  year  of  his 
age.  Mr.  C.  was  a  native  of  Lancashire,  England,  and  has  been 
a  resident  of  Baltimore  for  the  last  62  years.  He  married  the 
eldest  daughter  of  the  late  Charles  Carroll,  of  Carrollton,  and 
is  the  father  of  the  Marchioness  of  Wellesley.  Mr.  C.  has  long 
had  the  management  of  large  landed  estates ;  possessed  a  highly 
enterprising  spirit,  and  was  distinguished  as  an  accomplished 
gentleman  of  the  old  school." 

Among  the  papers  of  the  late  John  H.  B.  Latrobe  there  was 
found  a  printed  invitation  to  attend  the  funeral  of  Mr.  Richard 
Caton,  which  was  directed  to  him  and  which  gave  the  place  of 
burial. ^^ 

Among  the  biographical  clippings  collected  by  the  late  Dr. 
Toner  and  now  preserved  in  the  Library  of  Congress  are  to 
be  found  four  short  obituaries  of  Richard  Caton,  but  there  is 
no  indication  of  the  sources  from  which  they  were  obtained. 

"  This  notice  was  kindly  communicated  to  the  writer  by  Mr.  Wm.  C. 
Lane,  the  Librarian  of  Harvard  College  Library,  under  date  of  April  5, 
1919. 

"Vol.  xii,  No.  120  (Tuesday  Morning,  May  20,  1845),  p.  2,  col.  3.    [From 
a  copy  in  the  Library  of  Congress.] 
"  Statement  made  in  a  letter  written  by  John  E.  Semmes,  Mar.  14,  1919. 


CATONSVILLE    BIOGRAPHIES.  311 

Richard  Caton  died  intestate  and  Josias  Pennington  was 
appointed  his  administrator.  The  latter  rendered  his  first 
account  on  November  15,  1849,  and  his  second  and  last  account 
on  July  6,  1853.  According  to  these  administrator's  accounts, 
which  are  recorded  in  the  Baltimore  Court-House,  it  appears 
that  he  was  attended  in  his  last  illness  by  Drs.  Charles  S. 
Davis  and  N.  R.  Smith,  and  that  the  balance  of  his  estate  after 
the  payment  of  all  debts  and  expenses  was  paid  over  to  George 
Neilson,  Administrator  of  James  Keilson,  on  account  of  a 
judgment  obtained  against  deceased  in  his  life  time. 

It  would  appear  that  this  was  the  final  adjustment  of  the 
bankruptcy  case  which  had  been  hanging  over  Richard  Caton's 
head  for  nearly  half  a  century. 

Personal  Characteristics 

It  is  a  tradition  that  Richard  Caton  was  of  an  appearance 
almost  as  prepossessing  as  that  of  his  bride,  the  beautiful  Polly 
Carroll.  Tall,  dignified  and  exceptionally  handsome,  he  was 
striking  both  in  manner  and  in  person.  Although  he  could  not 
boast  a  princely  descent,  yet  his  family,  as  we  have  already 
seen,  was  both  old  and  honorable.  In  spite  of  all  this,  however, 
he  was  for  long  viewed  by  the  older  families  of  Baltimore  with 
considerable  jealousy,  and  was  even  looked  upon  by  them  as 
being  a  foreign  adventurer. 

There  can  be  no  doubt  that  his  unusual  good  fortune  was 
well  calculated  to  excite  the  enmity  of  the  social  circle  in  which 
he  moved.  A  man  of  real  ability  and  of  great  fascination, 
albeit  rather  arrogant  in  manner,  Richard  Caton  with  presum- 
ably little  of  this  world's  goods  to  substantiate  his  claims  had  at 
one  stroke  secured  a  wife  both  beautiful  and  wealthy,  and  had 
allied  himself  with  one  of  the  foremost  families  in  the  land  of 
his  adoption. 

Small  wonder  then  that  those  who  envied  him  in  secret  were 
ready  to  question  in  public  his  claim  to  success  and  to  dwell 
with  scarcely  veiled  ill-nature  on  his  demerits.  It  must  be 
admitted  evidently  that  one  of  his  failings  must  have  served 


312  MARYLAND    HISTORIC  AX    MAGAZINE. 

his  enemies  well.  It  has  already  been  seen  that  at  the  time 
of  his  engagement  to  Polly  Carroll  he  had  contracted  debts 
which  his  prospective  father-in-law  was  very  anxious  to  see 
settled.  It  will  be  noted  likewise  that,  whether  owing  to  rash 
speculation  or  to  an  inherent  tendency  to  extravagance,  Richard 
Caton  throughout  his  life  showed  the  same  propensity  for  in- 
volving himself  in  pecuniary  straits,  an  unfortunate  propen- 
sity inherited  by  many  of  his  descendants.  To  a  man  of  the 
cautious  temperament  of  Charles  Carroll  of  Carrollton,  who 
seems  to  have  loved  money  for  money's  sake,  this  failing  in  his 
daughter's  husband  was  a  constant  source  of  anxiety  and  an- 
noyance. It  is  evident,  however,  that  Richard  Caton  was  in 
spite  of  all  this  a  man  of  undoubted  culture  and  scholarly  taste. 
As  showing  some  of  his  peculiarities  the  following  amusing 
anecdote  concerning  himself  and  his  daughter  Louisa  has  been 
handed  down  to  us.  Richard  Caton,  it  appears,  had  on  three 
occasions  and  for  a  considerable  length  of  time  accepted  the  hos- 
pitality of  the  Shelmerdines  of  Manchester,  a  family  into 
which  his  sister  Mary  Caton  had  married.  But  when  one  of 
the  Shelmerdines  in  1830  proposed  visiting  Richard  Caton  in 
America,  the  latter  replied  only  too  curtly :  "  Although  my 
house  has  twenty-eight  rooms,  it  is  full  from  top  to  bottom." 
When  later,  however,  Richard  Caton  himself  proposed  visiting 
his  daughter  at  Hornby  Castle,  he  to  his  extreme  surprise  ex- 
perienced the  same  treatment.  "You  will  have  to  get  a  bed  at 
the  inn,"  wrote  Louisa  in  answer  to  his  proposal,  "for  although 
my  house  is  large — it  is  full !  "  "  Louisa  always  was  a  proud 
and  saucy  puss !  "  commented  Richard  Caton,  half  in  amuse- 
ment, half  in  anger.  ^^ 


ADDITIONAL  BflBLIOGJRAPHY 

1787,  Nov.  24.  Marriage  license  issued  Nov.  24,  1787,  recorded  at 
the  State  House,  Annapolis,  Md.     [Seen  by  Wm.  E.  Olivet.] 

1787,  Nov.  30.  The  Maryland  Journal,  and  Baltimcre  Advertiser 
Baltimore,  Md.,  Vol.  xiv,  No,  96    (Nov.  30,   1787),  p.  2,   6ol.   1: 


'  See  A.  M.  W.  Stirling,  Op.  cit.,  pp.  206,  208,  209,  247,  248. 


THE    CALVEKT    FAMILY.  313- 

f 

Marriage  announcement  of  Mr.  Richard  Caton  and  Miss  Polly  Car- 
roll. Original  copies  in  Library  of  Congress,  Washington,  D.  C, 
and  in  Maryland  Historical  Society,  Baltimore,  Md.  {Vidimus, 
G.  C.  K.,  May  29,  1919,  and  Oct.  8,  1920.] 

3.  1826,  Sept.   12.     Letter  from  Charles  Carroll  of  Carrollton  dated  at 

Browns  Tavern,  Septr.  12th,  1826,  to  Richard  Caton,  Esq.,  Balti- 
more. Original  manuscript  in  Library  of  Congress,  Manuscript 
Division,  Carroll  MSS.,  No.  5.     IVidimus,  G.  C.  K.,  May  26,  1919.] 

4.  1829,  Jan.    10.     Letter   from  Richard  Caton   to  John   White,  dated 

Bait.,  Saturday,  10  Jany.  [1829  probably].  Original  letter  in  the 
Library  of  Congress,  Manuscript  Division,  Carroll  MSS.,  Ac.  422. 
\yidim,us,  G.  C.  K.,  May  28,  1919.] 

5.  1830,  May  26.     Letter  from  Richard  Caton  to  Roger  Brooke  Taney 

(with  2  enclosures).  Original  manuscript  in  Maryland  Historical 
Society,  Carroll  Papers,  No.  714. 

6.  1845.     Tlfie  American  Almanac  and  Repository  of  Useful  Knowledge 

for  the  Year  1846.  Boston:  Published  by  Jamea  Munroe  &  Co., 
1845.     See  p.  322:    (1845)    May  19. 

7.  1845,  May  20.     The  Sun  (Baltimore,  Md.),  Vol.  xvii.  No.  3  (May  20, 

1845),  p.  2,  col.  4;  Death  notice. 

8.  1874.     J.  Thomas  Scharf,  Chronicles  of  Baltimore,  pp.  209,  241,  260, 

277,  392,  448,  514. 

9.  1877.     Esmeralda    Boyle,    Biographical    Sketches    of    Distinguished 

Marylanders.     Baltimore:   Kelly,  Piet  &  Company,  174  W.  Balti- 
more Street,  1877.     See  pp.  94-95. 
10.     1881.     J.    Thomas    Scharf,   History  of  Baltimore   City   and   County. 
Philadelphia,  1881.     See  p.  821,  col.  1,  note  1,  and  p.  825,  col.  2. 


THE  CALVERT  FAMILY 

John  Bailey  Calveet  Nicklin" 


Part  III 

THE  "  MT.  AIRY  "  LINE 

24.  Benedict  (Swingate^  otherwise)  Calvert*  (Charles,*'' 
Benedict  Leonard,®  Charles,^  Cecil,*  George,^  Leonard,* 
John^),  was  born  (about  1724)  several  years  before  his 
father's  marriage  to  Mary  Jannsen.  Charles  Calvert,  fifth 
Lord  Baltimore,  acknowledged  the  paternity  of  this  natural 


314  MARYLAND    HISTORIC  AX    MAGAZINE. 

son  and  was  very  devoted  to  him.  (Perhaps  he  realized,  in 
some  indefinable  manner,  that  through  him  alone  his  line 
was  to  be  perpetuated?).  But  he  never  revealed  the  secret 
of  his  mother's  identity.  (It  is  said  that  his  mother  was 
one  of  the  daughters  of  King  George  II.,  and  that  therefore 
he  did  not  dare  divulge  the  secret  or  keep  the  boy  in  Eng- 
land.) However  this  may  be,  Benedict  was  sent  to  Mary- 
land (in  charge  of  Captain  Vernon),  where  he  was  under 
the  care  of  Dr.  George  Stewart  of  Annapolis.  (Under  date 
of  August  31,  1728,  Charles  Lowe,  cousin  of  the  Calverts, 
wrote  to  Benedict  Leonard  Calvert,  Jr.,  mentioning  that 
this  Charles,  Lord  Baltimore,  had  gone  on  a  Scandinavian 
trip,  having  made  a  will  before  sailing  in  which  he  left 
2000  pounds  "  to  a  IsTaturall  Son  by  the  name  of  Benedict 
Swingate."  See  this  Magazine  Volume  III,  page  323.). 
In  1744  Benedict  Swingate  or  Calvert  was  appointed  Col- 
lector of  Customs  at  Patuxent  and  the  next  year  he  became 
a  member  of  the  Council.  He  made  his  home  at  "  Mt. 
Airy  "  in  Prince  George's  County,  and  there  he  died  Jan. 
9,  1788.  He  m.,  April  21,  1748,  Elizabeth  Calvert  (q.  v.), 
dau.  of  the  Hon.  Charles  Calvert  (Governor  of  Maryland 
1720-7)  and  Rebecca  Gerrard,  his  wife. 


i.     Rebecca,  b.  Dec.  25,  1749;  d.  i. 

ii.  Eleanor,  b.  1754;  d.  Sept.  28,  1811;  m.  (1)  Feb.  3,  1774, 
Colonel  John  Parke  Custis  (1753-1781)  (a  son  of  Martha 
Washington  by  her  first  husband,  Daniel  Parke  Custis)  ; 
m.    (2)    1783,  Dr.  David  Stewart. 

Issue,  by   1st  m. : 

1.  Elizabeth  Parke  Custis,  b.  Aug.  21,  1776;  d.  Jan.  1, 
1832;  m.  March  20,  1796,  Thomas  Law,  nephew  of 
Lord  Ellenborough  and  son  of  the  Bishop  of  Carlisle. 

2.  Martha  Parke  Custis,  b.  Dec.  31,  1777;  d.  July  13, 
1854;  m.  Jan.  6,  1795,  Thomas  Peter. 

3.  Eleanor  Parke  Custis,  b.  March  21,  1779;  d.  July  15, 
1852;  m.,  at  "  Mt.  Vernon,"  Feb.  22,  1799,  in  the  pres- 
ence of  George  and  Martha  Washington  and  on  the 
former's  last  birthday,  Lawrence  Lewis,  nephew  of  Gen- 
eral George  Washington. 


THE    CALVERT   FAMILY.  315 

4.  George  Washington  Parke  Custis,  b.  April  20,  1781; 
d.  Oct.  10,  1857;  he  built  the  beautiful  mansion,  "Ar- 
lington," on  the  Potomac  Eiver  near  Washington  City; 
he  m.,  1805,  Mary  Lee  Fitzhugh,  dau.  of  Colonel  Wil- 
liam and  Anne  (Randolph)  Fitzhugh  of  "Ravens- 
worth." 

Issue: 

1.  Mary  Anne  Randolph  Custis,  b.  at  "  Arlington " 
Oct.  1,  1808;  d.  at  Lexington,  Va.,  Nov.  5,  1873; 
m.  at  "Arlington,"  June  30,  1831,  Lieutenant  Rob- 
ert Edward  Lee,  U.  S.  A.  (afterwards  General, 
C.  S.  A.). 
iii.     Charles,  b.  Oct.  3,  1756;  d.  u.  1777. 

iv.     Elizab&th,  m.   June    15,    1780,  Dr.   Charles   Stewart    (1750- 
1822). 
V.     Edward    Henry,    b.    Nov.    7,    1766;    d.    July    12,    1846;    m. 
March  1,   1796,  Elizabeth  Biscoe    (1780-1857);    a  quo  Miss 
Helen  Chapman  Calvert  of  Alexandria,  Va. 
25,      vi.     George,  b.  Feb.  2,  1768;  of  whom  later. 
vii.     Philip,  d.  y. 
viii.     Leonard,  d.  y. 
ix.    Cecilius,  d.  y. 

X.    John,  d.  after   1788.  'j        Living  at  the  date  of  their 

xi.     William,   d.   after    1788.     l    father's    death    (1788). 
xii.     Ariana,  d.  after  1788.         | 

xiii.     Robert,   d.    y. 

25.  George  Calvert^  (Benedict,^  Charles/  Benedict  Leon- 
ard,^ Charles,^  Cecil,^  George,^  Leonard,^  John^),  b.  at 
"Mt.  Airy"  Feb.  2,  1768;  d.  at  "Eiverdale"  Jan.  28, 
1838;  m.  June  11,  1799,  Rosalie  Eugenia  Stier  (1778- 
1821),  dau.  of  Henri  Joseph  Stier,  of  Antwerp,  and  Maria 
Louise  Peeters,  his  wife. 

ISSUE: 

i.     Caroline  Maria,  b.   July   15,    1800;    d.   Nov.   25,    1842;    m. 

June   19,   1823,  Thomas  Willing  Morris  of  Philadelphia, 
ii,     George  Henry,  b.  Jan.  2,  1803;   d.  s.  p..  May  24,  1889;   he 
was    a   distinguished    author;    m.    May   8,    1829,    Elizabeth 
Stewart   (1802-1897),  dau.  of  James  and  Rebecca   (Sprigg) 
Stewart. 
iii.     Marie  Louise,   b.    1804;    d.    1809. 

iv.     Rosalie   Eugenia,   b.   Oct.    19,    1806;    d.   May    6,    1845;    m. 
Nov.   11,   1830,  Charles  Henry  Carter   (1802-1892)    (grand- 


316  MARYLAND    HISTOEICAL    MAGAZINE. 

son  of  "  Light  Horse  Harry  "  Lee  and  nephew  of  General 
Robert  Edward  Lee,  C.  S.  A.),  a  quo  Mildred  (Carter), 
Viscountess    Acheson,    of    London. 

26.  V.    Chakles  Benedict,  b.  Aug.  23,  1808;  of  whom  later, 
vi.     Henry  Joseph  Albert,  b.  1811;  d.  1820. 

vii.    [Marie  Louise,  b.    1812;    d.    1813. 

viii.     Julia,  b.  Jan.  31,  1814;  d.  June  8,  1888;  m.  May  7,  1833, 
Dr.  Richard  Henry  Stuart. 
ix.    Amelia  Isabella,  b.  1817;  d.  1820. 

26.  Charles  Benedict  'Calvert^®  (George,^  Benedict,^ 
Charles/  Benedict  Leonard,®  Charles,^  Cecil,^  George,' 
Leonard,^  Jolm^),  b.  at  "  Eiverdale,"  Prince  George's  Co., 
Md.,  Aug.  23,  1808;  d.  there  May  12,  1864;  m.  June  6, 
1839,  Charlotte  Augusta  Norris  (d.  Dec.  7,  1876),  dau.  of 
William  and  Sarah  (Martin)  l^orris. 

ISSUE: 

i.     Ella,  b.  March  20,  1840;  d.  Feb.  17,  1902;  m.  Sept.  3,  1861, 

Duncan  G.  Campbell, 
ii.     George  Henry,  b.  Nov.  29,  1841;  m.  Dec.  26,  1872,  Frances 

Seybolt. 

27.  iii.     Charles  Baltimore,  b.  Feb.  5,  1843;  of  whom  later. 

iv.     William    Norris,   b.    Oct.    12,    1845;    d.    Sept.    7,    1889;    m. 
March  12,  1888,  Laura  Hunt. 

Issue : 

1.     Rosalie  Eugenia,  m.  Dr.  W.  W.  Holland  of  Baltimora. 
V.     Eugenia  Stier,  b.  Dec.  19,  1846;  d.  u.  Nov.  30,  1894. 
vi.     Jules  van  Havre,  b.  Oct.   30,   1848;    d.  Aug.   4,   1849. 

27.  Charles  Baltimore  Calvert^^  (Charles  Benedict,^" 
George,^  Benedict,^  Charles,*^  Benedict  Leonard,®  Charles,^ 
Cecil,^  George,'  Leonard,^  John^),  b.  at  "  Riverdale,"  Feb. 
5,  1843 ;  d.  Aug.  31,  1906 ;  member  of  the  Maryland  Legis- 
lature 1864-66-67;  Trustee  of  the  State  Agricultural  Col- 
lege, from  which  he  graduated  in  1863  with  the  degree  of 
A.  B. ;  m.  June  14,  1866,  Eleanor  Mackubin,  dau.  of  Dr. 
Richard  Creagh  and  Hester  Ann  (Worthington)  Mackubin 
of  "  Strawberry  Hill,"  Anne  Arundel  County,  Md. 

issue  : 

i.     Eleanor  Gibson,  m.  June  8,  1892,  W.  Gibson  Cary  of  Bal- 
timore. 


THE    CALVEET    FAMILY.  317 

ii.     Hester    Virginia,    m.    Dr.    Henry    Walter    Lilly    of    North 
Carolina, 
iii.     Charlotte  Augusta,  m.  Thomas  Henry  Spence. 
iv.    Charles  Benedict,  b.  Nov-  8,  1871;  d.  July  2,  1872. 
V.     Richard  Creagh  Mackuhin,  h.  Dec.  31,  1872;  m.  Zoe  A  mm  en 

Davis, 
vi.     George  Henry,  b.  Oct.  2,  1874;  m.  Cornelia  Russell  Knight, 
vii.     Rosalie  Eugenia  Stier. 

viii.     Elizabeth  Stewart,  m.  June  5,  1906,  William  Douglas  Nel- 
son Thomas. 
ix.    Charles  Baltimore,  b.  Oct.  9,  1878. 

THE  "  MYSTERIOUS  LINE  '' 

28.  As  mucli  uncertainty  surrounds  the  paternity  of  this  Charlea 
Calvert  as  does  the  maternity  of  his  son-in-law,  Benedict 
Swingate  or  Calvert  of  "  Mt.  Airy."  The  claim  that  he 
was  a  son  of  Charles  Calvert,  third  Lord  Baltimore,  is  un- 
supported entirely  save  hy  the  bare  assertion  that  he  was 
"  uncle  of  Lord  Baltimore  "  (i.  e.,  Charles  Calvert,  fifth 
Lord  Baltimore).  (There  is  not  a  little  reason  to  believe 
that  he  was  identical  with  the  Captain  Charles  Calvert 
Lazenby  of  His  Majesty's  Footguards  in  1718.)  He  came 
to  Maryland  and  was  appointed  Governor  in  1720.  In 
1722  Mrs.  Margaret  Lazenby  died  in  Anne  Arundel  Coun- 
ty ;  she  was  called  "  aunt  to  our  present  Governor,"  who 
was  this  Charles  Calvert.  Of  course,  there  is  nothing  to 
indicate  why  Captain  Lazenby  should  have  been  permitted 
to  assume  the  name  of  Calvert  unless  he  were  of  Calvert 
blood.  (Perhaps  he  was  a  natural  son  of  Charles  Calvert, 
third  Lord  Baltimore,  by  a  Miss  Lazenby?).  In  the  will 
of  the  Hon.  Benedict  Leonard  Calvert,  Jr.  (1700-1732), 
son  and  namesake  of  the  fourth  Lord  Baltimore,  mention 
is  made  of  his  "  God-daughter,  Elizabeth,  daughter  of 
Charles  Calvert,  Commissary-Oeneral,"  but  no  mention  is 
made  of  any  relationship,  which  certainly  would  have  been 
made  if  her  father  were  his  uncle,  it  seems !  On  the  other 
hand,  there  is  a  possibility  that  Governor  Charles  Calvert 
might  have  been  a  posthumous  son  of  the  Hon.  Philip  Cal 
vert  (1626-1682)  (q.  v.)  and  his  second  wife,  Jane  Sewall, 


318  MARYLAND    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

step-daughter  of  Charles  Calvert,  third  Lord  Baltimore.  But 
again  we  are  lacking  in  evidence  to  support  this  theory.  As 
a  final  effort  to  place  him  correctly,  it  is  somewhat  reason- 
able to  think  that  he  may  have  been  a  son  of  George  Calvert^ 
Esq.  (b.  1669)  (q.  v.),  himself  a  son  of  the  Hon,  William 
Calvert  and  Elizabeth  Stone,  his  wife.  This  Charles  Cal- 
vert, Governor  of  Maryland  from  1720  to  1727,  is  said  to 
have  been  born  in  1691.  The  student  of  Calvert  history 
must  decide  for  himself  where  to  place  him  in  the  gen- 
ealogy. So  Governor  Charles  Calvert  still  remains  one  of 
the  unsolved  mysteries  among  the  Calvert  lineage.  He  was 
succeeded  (1727)  in  the  governorship  by  the  Hon,  Benedict 
Leonard  Calvert,  Jr.  (1700-1732)  (q.  v,)  and  he  then  be- 
came a  member  of  the  Council  and  so  remained  until  his 
death  six  years  later.  He  m.  ISTov.  21,  1722,  Rebecca  Ger- 
rard  (d,  1735),  dau,  of  John  and  Elizabeth  Gerrard  of 
Prince  George's  County,  Md. 


i.    Charles,  b.  Nov.  2,  1723;  d.  Jan.  15,  1724. 

ii.     Anne,    b.    1726;    living    1734;    untraced.      (She    evidently 

died  young.) 
ii.     Elizabeth,  b.  Feb.  24,  1730;   d.  July  7,  1798;  m.  April  21, 

1748,  Benedict  Swingate,  or  Calvert   (q.  v.)   of  "  Mt.  Airy." 

(See  this  Magazine,  Volume  I,  page  290.) 


Vol.  XVI 


DECEMBER,    1921 


No.  4 


YLAND 
HISTORICAL 
MAGAZUVE 


PUDLISHED  BY 

THE  MARYLAND  fflSTORICAL  SOCIETY 


ISSUED    QUARTERLY 

.ANNUAL  SUBSCRIPTION,  $3.00-SINGLE  NUMBERS,  75cts. 


BALTIMORE 


FORM  OF  BEQUEST 


"/  give  and  bequeath  to  The  Maryland  Historical 
Society  the  sum  of. dollars  " 


ARCHIVES  OF  MARYLAND 

Fiablished.   by-   anthority  of  the   State 


VOLUME  XL 


This  volume  is  ready  for  distribution  and  contains  the  Acts  and 
Proceedings  of  the  General  Assembly  of  the  Province,  during  the 
Sessions  held  from  1737  to  1740.  During  this  period,  Samuel  Ogle 
was  Governor  and  he  met  difficult  situations  with  tact  and  firmness. 
It  was  a  time  of  dissension  between  the  two  Houses  and  Sessions 
were  often  dissolved  without  any  laws  being  passed. 

At  the  Session  held  in  April  and  May  1737,  Benjamin  Tasker  was 
President  of  the  Upper  House  and  James  Harris,  Speaker  of  the 
Lower  one.  It  was  the  third  Session  of  the  Assembly  elected  in 
1734  and  was  a  rather  peaceful  one.  Addresses  to  the  King  and  the 
Prince  of  Wales  were  adopted  on  account  of  the  marriage  of  the 
latter.  The  Upper  House  refused  to  pass  the  Journal  of  Accounts, 
because  the  Lower  one  would  not  appropriate  money  for  the  Chief 
Justice  of  the  Provincial  Court.  There  are  signs  of  the  settlement 
of  the  "  remote  and  back  part  of  the  Province."  The  growing  grain 
trade  is  shown  by  a  vote  to  permit  inhabitants,  who  were  not  tobacco- 
makers,  to  pay  in  specie  instead  of  in  tobacco. 

In  August  1737,  a  very  great  drought  caused  a  brief  Session  to 
prohibit  the  exportation  of  grain.  The  Pennsylvania  border  troubles 
took  up  some  time.  Richard  Tilghman  became  President  of  the 
Council. 

A  new  Assembly  met  in  1738  and  a  childish  quarrel  arose,  in 
which  the  Lower  House  stood  upon  its  dignity  because  of  the  manner 
in  which  a  message  from  the  Upper  House  was  sent.  Consequently, 
no  laws  were  passed.  Colonel  John  Mackall  was  Speaker  and 
Matthew  Tilghman  Ward,  President  of  the  Upper  House.  Some 
of  the  officials  in  Dorchester  and  Talbot  had  to  answer  charges  of 
oppression  and  extortion  before  the  Lower  House. 

In  1739,  a  new  Assembly  held  a  session  and  again  passed  no  laws. 
The  Lower  House  again  showed  itself  irritable  and  irascible  and 
also  refused,  as  usual,  to  pass  a  perpetual  law  as  to  fees.  The 
Delegates  finally  refused  to  continue  the  temporary  laws  and  Ogle 
refused  to  sign  any  laws  passed,  lest  the  meeting  should  become  a 
Session  and  then  terminate  these  laws. 

A  third  new  Assembly  met  early  in  1740  and  managed  to  pass 
one  law  for  the  raising  of  troops  to  serve  in  the  war  between  England 
and  Spain.  The  Lower  House  chose  Philip  Hammond  of  Anne 
Arimdel  County  as  Speaker  and  showed  itself  very  much  afraid 
that  it  should  be  overruled  by  the  Upper  one.  It  also  adopted  an 
address  to  the  King,  reciting  grievances,  and  was  insistent  upon  a 
claim  to  have  an  agent  appointed  in  England. 

It  is  expected  that  volume  XLI  will  continue  the  Judicial  Business 
of  the  Provincial  Court  from  1658,  being  the  third  volume  of  the 
Court  Report  Series. 


THE    MARYLAND 
HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 


INCORPORATED    1843. 


OFFICERS. 

President, 

W.  HALL  HARRIS. 

Vice-Presidents, 

HENRY   STOCKBRIDGE,  DeCOURCY   W.   THOM, 


VAN  LEAR  BLACK. 


Corresponding  Secretary, 
J.  APPLETON  WILSON, 

Treasurer, 
HEYWARD  E.  BOYCE 


Recording  Secretary, 
GEORGE  L.  RADCLIFFE. 


THE   COUNCIL. 

The  General  Officers 
and  rersesentatives  of  standing   committees: 
CLINTON  L.  RIGGS,  Representing  the  Trustees  of  the  Athenaeum. 

JOHN  M.  VINCENT, 
RICHARD  M.  DUVALL, 
PHILLIPS  L,  GOLDSBOROUGH, 
McHENRY  HOWARD, 
RUXTON  M.  RIDGELY, 
JAMES  McC.  TRIPPE, 
BERNARD  B.  BROWNE,  M.  D. 


Committee  on  Publication. 
Committee  on  the  Library. 
Committee  on  Finance. 
Committee  on  Membership. 
Committee  on  the  Gallery. 
Committee  on  Addresses. 
Committee  on  Genealogy. 


1866. 
1892. 
1909. 
1915. 
1916. 
1916. 
1916. 

1919. 
1920. 


BENEFACTORS  OF  THE  SOCIETY. 

GEORGE  PEABODY, Gift, $20,000 

J.  HENRY  STICKNEY, Bequest,  ....         1,000 

ISAAC  F.  NICHOLSON, Gift, 1,000 

MENDES  COHEN, Bequest,  ....         5,000 

ISAAC  HENRY  FORD, Bequest,  ....         1,000 

ISAAC  TYSON  NORRIS, Gift, 1,000 

MRS.  MARY  WASHINGTON  KEYSER, 

Gift  of  the  buildings  and  grounds  of  the  Society. 
MISS  ELEANOR  S.  COHEN,  .  .  Historical  Relics  and  $300 
HON.   HENRY   STOCKBRIDGE,       .     Gift,         ....         1,000 


CONTENTS. 


PAGE 

James  Alfred  Pearce.    Bernwrd  C.  Steiner,             -        -        •        -  319 

The  Life  of  Thomas  Johnson.     Part  Ninth.     Edwa/rd  8.  Dela- 

plaine,               ...-------  340 

Unpublished  Provincial  Eecords, 354 

Notes  from  the  Earlt  Records  of  Maryland,      .        -        .        .  369 

The  Calvert  Family  Memorabilia, 386 

The  Calvert  Family.    John  Bailey  Calvert  'Nicklin,        ...  389 

Proceedings  of  the  Society, 394 

Notes,  Books  Received,  Etc., 403 


Committee  on  Publicaliona 

SAMUEL  K.  DENNIS,  Chairman. 
JOHN  M.  VINCENT,  BERNARD  C.  STEINER. 


LOUIS  H.  DIELMAN, 
Editor. 


MARYLAND 
HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE 


Vol.  XVI.  DECEMBER,  1921.  No.  4 


JAMES  ALFRED  PEAECE 

Bernard  C.  Steinee 

^'  In  politics  lie  was  wliat  he  professes  to  be,  a  WMg,  in  the  sense  in 
which  that  denomination  bore  in  his  younger  days — ,  never  a  Eepublican." 
(Miss  Berry  on  Horace  Walpole  in  Cunningham's  edition  of  the  Letters, 
I,  p.  Iv.) 


For  twenty  years,  from  his  first  election  in  1843  until  his 
death  in  1863,  when  he  had  served  part  of  a  fourth  term,  one 
of  Maryland's  representatives  in  the  United  States  Senate  was 
James  Alfred  Pearce.  He  was  a  quiet,  dignified,  scholarly, 
thoughtful,  Christian  gentleman,  who  filled  with  great  industry, 
good  ability,  and  high  integrity  the  important  legislative  post 
with  which  he  was  so  long  honored  by  the  people  of  his  State. 

He  was  born  on  December  14,  1805,  at  the  house  of  his 
maternal  grandfather,  and  was  the  son  of  Gideon  Pearce  and 
his  wife,  Julia,  a  daughter  of  Dr.  Elisha  Cullen  Dick.  Dr. 
Dick,  who  is  probably  best  remembered  as  having  been  Presi- 
dent Washington's  physician,  had  been  born  at  Marcus  Hook, 
Pennsylvania,  on  March  15,  1762,  and  had  married  Hannah 
Harmon,  the  daughter  of  Jacob  Harmon,  a  Philadelphia  mer- 
chant, in  October,  1T83.  Through  the  Harmons,  the  family 
was  related  to  the  Browns,  so  long  known  as  international 
bankers. 

319 


320  MAEYLA^'D    HISTOEICAL    MAGAZINE. 

Gideon  Pearce  was  a  native  of  Georgetown,  Kient  'County, 
Maryland,  and  a  member  of  a  family,  tlie  head  of  whicli, 
William  Pearce,  came  from  Scotland  to  Maryland  about  1670. 
He  was  a  "  well  educated  man,  of  excellent  mind,  of  more  than 
ordinary  personal  attractions  and  accomplishments,  but  so  san- 
guine in  temperament  and  visionary  in  character,  that  most  of 
his  enterprises  ended  in  disappointments  and  pecuniary  dis- 
aster. He  was  of  a  high  sense  of  personal  honor  and  of  quick 
temper  and  was  unfortunately  engaged  in  two  duels,  one  in 
Maryland  and  one  in  Louisiana,  in  one  of  which  he  was  severely 
wounded.  The  testimony  of  all  who  knew  him  was  that  his 
character  was  without  blemish,  notwithstanding  his  misfor- 
tunes." He  was  a  farmer  in  Kent  County,  until  1821  or  22, 
when  he  moved  to  Louisiana  and  engaged  in  sugar  planting 
there,  never  returning  to  Maryland,  except  for  one  short  visit. 
He  removed  to  Missouri  later  and  died  near  Warsaw  in  that 
State  on  N'ovember  5,  1851. 

Mrs.  Pearce  died  in  Alexandria  in  1808,  leaving  an  infant 
daughter,  Ophelia,  in  addition  to  her  son.  The  daughter  after- 
wards married  Kev.  Dabney  M.  Wharton  of  Botetourt  County, 
Virginia,  and  died  near  Montross  in  Westmoreland  County, 
Virginia,  about  1868  or  1869,  leaving  a  son. 

A  motherless  boy,  James  Alfred  Pearce  was  brought  up  at 
the  homes  of  his  grandfather  and  his  father's  brother,  James 
Pearce,  who  was  a  large  landowner,  living  at  Colchester,  a 
plantation  on  the  Sassafras  River,  adjoining  the  village  of 
Georgetown.  He  married  quite  late  in  life  and  left  no  children, 
but  his  young  namesake  filled  the  place  of  a  son  in  the  house- 
hold, during  the  college  course  and  for  a  year  or  two  subse- 
quently. 

James  Alfred  Pearce  fitted  for  college  in  the  academy  of 
W.  B.  Leary  at  Alexandria,  and  having  entered  the  college  of 
'New  Jersey  at  Princeton  in  1819,  graduated  therefrom  in  1822. 
During  his  college  course,  he  was  a  member  of  the  Cliosophie 
Society  and  held  the  honor  of  Junior  Orator.  At  graduation, 
he  divided  the  first  honors  of  his  class  with  a  life-long  friend, 


JAMES  ALFRED  PEAECE.  321 

Edward  D.  Mansfield  of  Ohio.  He  studied  law  in  the  office 
of  Judge  John  Glenn  and  with  David  Hoffman  at  Baltimore, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1824.  After  a  year's  practice 
at  Cambridge,  Md.,  he  went  to  Louisiana  and  spent  two  or  three 
years  there  on  a  plantation  with  his  father,  but  returned  thence 
to  spend  the  rest  of  his  life  in  Kent  County.  Returning  from 
Louisiana,  he  settled  at  Chestertown,  the  county  seat,  and  began 
the  successful  practice  of  his  profession  there.  His  friend,  J. 
W.  Crisfield,  thus  spoke  of  him  as  a  lawyer :  "  His  mind, 
quick,  analytical,  and  discriminating,  was  admirably  fitted  for 
the  successful  pursuit  of  the  law.  By  careful  study,  he  had 
mastered  the  great  principles  of  the  science  and  made  them  his 
own,  and  his  ready  elocution,  enriched  and  adorned  by  his  ripe 
scholarship,  and  his  immense  and  varied  stores  of  literature 
made  him  a  most  powerful  and  fascinating  advocate." 

On  October  6,  1829,  he  married,  at  Cambridge,  Maryland, 
Martha  J.  Laird,  the  daughter  of  the  Rev.  William  H.  Laird, 
a  clergyman  of  the  Protestant  Episcopal  Church.^  Two  daugh- 
ters and  a  son  were  born  to  this  union.  The  elder  daughter, 
Catherine  Julia,  married  Dr.  J.  L.  Burrus  of  Louisa  County, 
Va, ;  while  the  younger  daughter,  Charlotte  Augusta  Lennox, 
married  Arthur  Crisfield  of  Washington,  D.  C.  The  son  was 
James  Alfred  Pearce,  Jr.,  to  whom  I  aim  much  indebted  for 
indispensable  information,  and  for  the  use  of  his  father's  cor- 
respondence, now  generously  given  to  the  Maryland  Historical 
Society  by  him.  He  also  graduated  at  Princeton,  and  both  at 
the  bar  on  the  Bench  of  the  Maryland  Court  of  Appeals,  and 
as  a  member  of  the  Public  Service  Commission,  maintained  the 
character  of  a  high-toned,  courteous,  able,  gentleman.  He  died 
on  December  9,  1920. 

Mrs.  Pearce  died  on  March  10,  1845  and,  on  March  22,  1847, 
her  husband  married  again,  Matilda  C.  Ringgold,  daughter  of 
Richard  W.  Ringgold,  a  Chestertown  merchant,  who  survived 

^  Wm.  George  Krebs,  wlio  tad.  been  a  fellow  law  student  with  Pearce, 
wrote  him  on  Nov.  14,  1829,  congratulating  him  upon  his  marriage  and. 
expressing  the  wish  that  Pearce  would  come  to  live  in  Baltimore. 


322  MARYLAND    HISTOKICAL    MAGAZINE. 

him  and  died  in  1886.  From  the  second  marriage,  one  daughter 
was  born,  Mary  Clementine,  who  married  Josias  Kinggold,  Jr., 
of  Chestertown.  Pearce  took  an  active  interest  in  local  affairs 
in  Chestertown.  He  was  professor  of  law  in  Washington  Col- 
lege there  from  1850  to  1862  and,  during  the  same  period,  he 
served  as  vestryman  of  Chester  parish. 

In  1831,  he  was  elected  a  member  of  the  Maryland  House 
of  Delegates  from  Kent  County  upon  the  "Whig  ticket  ^  and 
served  in  that  position  during  the  session  beginning  in  Decem- 
ber of  that  year.^  He  was  too  young  and  modest  to  assume  a 
leading  part.  His  sterling  abilities  so  impressed  themselves 
upon  the  people  of  the  Eastern  Shore  that  he  was  nominated 
by  the  Whigs  as  Eepresentative  in  Congress  and  was  elected  in 
the  fall  of  1835.  In  1837,  he  was  re-elected  and,  though  de- 
feated in  1839  by  the  Democratic  candidate,  Philip  Francis 
Thomas,  afterwards  Governor  of  the  State  and  Secretary  of 
the  Treasury,  his  party  still  had  confidence  in  him,  so  that  he 
was  elected  for  a  third  term  in  1841.  Transferred  to  the  Senate 
in  1843,  he  continued  there;  until,  at  his  death,  he  had  served 
as  a  member  of  one  of  the  houses  of  Congress  for  26  years. 
Chestertown  saw  him,  whenever  he  was  not  engaged  at  Wash- 
ington, for  he  was  not  a  great  traveller.  Sometimes  he  brought 
as  a  visitor  one  of  those  associated  with  him  in  public  work — 
especially  in  the  scientific  work  to  which  he  gave  so  much  atten- 
tion. Joseph  Henry  and  Alexander  D.  Bache  were  among  those 
who  visited  him,  and  a  pleasant  letter  of  thanks  from  the  latter 
for  such  a  visit  is  preserved,  written  from  Washington  on  June 
13,  1851. 

"  I  reached  Elkton  before  sunset  of  Friday,  passing  through 
a  beautiful  agricultural  country,  looking  ever  so  prosperous, 

'W.  B.  Bend  from  Manchester,  England,  wrote  Pearce  a  brisk  account 
of  his  travels,  through  Prussia,)  Saxony,  Hanover,  Holland,  Belgium, 
France,  and  England  and  said  "  You  seemed  in  former  days  to  have  a 
strong  proclivity  for  politics." 

'  In  Jan.,  1832,  Wm.  George  Read  wrote  Pearce  at  Annapolis,  asking  him 
to  push  a  bill  to  grant  a  divorce  to  Mrs.  Henrietta  Stewart,  whose  husband 
had  left  the  State. 


JAMES  ALFRED  PEARCE.  323 

and  through  at  least  one  town  which  is  on  the  move,  Chesapeake. 
Alex.  Evans  was  at  home  and  I  enjoyed  his  society  until  an 
unknown  hour  of  the  night,  when  he  showed  me  the  way  to  the 
cars  and  I  was  dozingly  transferred  to  Baltimore  and  Wash- 
ington, the  looking  at  tickets,  calling  for  baggage  checks,  for 
passenger  checks,  and  coming  so  frequently  between  the  stops 
that  they  seemed  to  be  like  the  R.  E,.  milestones  to  the  man  who 
thought  himself  in  a  grave  yard,  I  was  able  to  keep  my  ap- 
pointments for  Sat.  and  to  attend  to  some  that  had  been  made 
for  me,  not  reaching  here  at  all  too  soon.  One  of  the  Com- 
missioners in  the  encroachments  on  'New  York  harbour  was 
waiting  to  see  me,  and  the  next  thing  would  have  been  a  hint 
about  business  before  pleasure  or  some  such  wise  saw  used  as 
a  modern  instance. 

"  Last  evening  Prof.  [Joseph]  Henry  and  his  daughter 
Carry  came  to  see  us  and  to  dilate  upon  the  delightful  time  he 
had  had  with  you.  This  as  proving  that  he  had  not  missed  me 
at  all  was  gratifying.  I  propose  repaying  him  by  going  again 
with  him  and  staying  the  whole  time,  even  if  it  was  uncertain 
as  the  time  of  the  trip  just  past." 

Pearce  took  *  an  official  to  Chestertown  and  spent  three  days 
with  him  "  ciphering  out  "  different  modes  by  which  the  cost 
of  printing  the  reports  of  the  Wilkes  Exploring  Exposition 
might  be  reduced. 

Throughout  his  life,  Pearce  kept  up  his  habits  of  study,  and 
he  well  merited  the  degrees  of  LL.  D.  conferred  upon  him  by 
St.  John's  College  in  1856  and  by  Princeton  University — his 
Alma  Mater — in  1859. 

In  Kent  County,  Pearce  showed  his  agricultural  tastes.  He 
had  raised  cotton  in  Louisiana  and  even  tried  to  do  so  in  Mary- 
land; but  soon  became  satisfied  that  it  could  not  be  profitably 
groMTi   so   far   North. ^      After    his    death,    Senator   Anthony 

*  See  Congressional  Gloie  for  March  3,  1859. 

" "  Yoii  cannot  make  a  quarter  of  la  bale  to  the  acre,  the  picking  is  very 
laboring  and  runs  into  cold  weather."  Speech  in  Senate  of  February  3, 
1862. 


324  MARYLAND    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

Kennedy  spoke  of  him  as  "  mucli  given  to  the  pursuits  of  agri- 
culture. He  cultivated,  with  great  success,  fruits  and  flowers.'' 
Mr.  'Crisfield  bore  testimony  that  he  "  was  a  most  successful 
farmer,"  bringing  a  farm,  "  noted  for  its  barrenness,  to  be  one 
of  the  most  fertile  and  productive  estates  in  Maryland.  An- 
nually, he  used  to  give  a  farmer's  dinner,  at  which  his  neigh- 
bors were  collected;  and,  occasionally,  he  gave  to  his  fellow 
citizens  the  benefit  of  his  knowledge  of  the  science  and  practice 
of  agriculture,  in  the  form  of  a  public  address."  Bache  thought 
that  if  Pearce  had  not  been  a  lawyer,  he  might  "  have  been 
celebrated  as  an  agriculturist." 

He  was  a  man  of  varied  tastes  and  acquirements,  combining, 
as  Kennedy  said,  "  the  learning  of  the  statesman  and  jurist 
with  that  of  the  accomplished  scholar.  He  was  fond  of  paint- 
ings and  music:  was  gifted  with  a  fine  voice,  with  which  at 
times  he  charmed  the  social  circle,  as  he  always  did  by  the 
finished  style  of  his  conversation."  Wiliam  P.  Fessenden,  of 
Maine,  bore  this  testimony :  "  Distinguished  as  a  scholar  in 
early  life,  thoroughly  imbued  with  a  love  of  letters  and  of 
science,  delighting  in  books,  he  had  read  much  and  well  upon 
a  great  variety  of  subjects.  An  accurate  and  painstaking 
lawyer,  his  mind  was  disciplined  to  logical  exactness.  Pond  of 
the  beautiful  in  all  its  forms  and  quick  to  discern  it,  his  taste, 
naturally  good,  had  been  highly  and  carefully  cultivated.  He 
loved  poetry  and  painting  and  sculpture  and  music  and  flowers. 
Few  men  were  his  equals  in  the  charm  of  social  intercourse. 
Possessing  a  correct  taste  and  great  amenity  of  manner,  being 
withal,  a  close  observer  of  events  and  a  patient  thinker,  his 
conversation  was  both  interesting  and  instructive,  and  always 
fastidiously  pure.  Few  men  have  more  thoroughly  mastered 
our  language,  or  could  habitually  express  themselves  with 
equal  correctness  and  elegance.  An  awkward  phrase  was  to 
him  an  annoyance,  and  vulgarity  almost  a  crime." 

To  this  testimony,  Mr.  Crisfield  added :  "  His  tastes  were 
all  refined,  delicate  and  elevated.  He  could  not  tolerate  the 
gross,  vulgar,  or  indelicate.    He  loved  the  beautiful  in  whatever 


JAMES  ALFRED  PEAECE.  325 

form  it  appeared.  He  deliglited  in  flowers,  lie  was  charmed 
with  music.  The  wild  melody  of  birds  never  failed  to  draw 
from  him  an  expression  of  pleasure.  In  social  intercourse,  he 
was  without  a  rival,  so  far  as  my  observation  goes.  His  rich 
and  varied  learning,  his  thorough  knowledge  of  men  and  things ; 
the  quick  and  rapid  evolutions  of  his  mind;  his  inexhaustible 
fund  of  incident  and  anecdotes  of  remarkable  persons  and 
periods;  his  wit  and  humor;  the  natural  and  easy  flow  of  his 
style;  and  his  graceful  and  dignified  manner  never  failed  to 
fascinate  all  who  were  permitted  to  enjoy  his  society."  Cris- 
field  spoke  from  a  friendship  that  had  lasted  long,  so  that  he 
could  say  "  I  have  his  familiar  letters,  running  through  a  period 
of  over  twenty  years  "  and,  therefore,  his  testimony  is  of  great 
value,  when  he  stated  that  "  purity  of  conduct  was  habitual 
with  him :  it  pervaded  his  whole  life  and  in  every  relation." 

His  friend  Bache  spoke  of  Pearce's  "  remarkable  powers  of 
attaching  to  himself  men  of  science^  literature,  and  art,"  and 
of  the  fact  that  "  his  friendships  were  warm,  and,  once  formed, 
were  proof  against  all  trials  of  absence,  or  change  of  fortune." 

"  The  genial  elements  of  his  character,  naturally  expanded 
most  freely  in  the  circle  of  his  family  and  friends,  where  he 
was  truly  and  ever  at  home.  His  garden,  its  fruits  and  flowers, 
were  his  habitual  delight ;  his  farm  and  its  operations  seem  to 
touch  by  association  the  springs  of  his  deepest  affection.  He 
superintended  every  process  with  a  judgment  rarely  at  fault, 
and  watched  all  the  varied  developments  of  natiTre  with  the 
interest  of  the  amateur,  or  the  naturalist.  Wlhoever  had  not 
seen  Mr,  Pearce  in  his  dwelling,  in  his  garden,  or  upon  his 
farm,  knew  him  but  imperfectly." 

Ben  Perley  Poore  (Reminiscences,  i^  76)  speaks  of  Pearce 
as  a  "  gentleman  of  the  old  school,  tall  with  a  commanding 
figure,  expressive  features,  blue  eyes,  light  hair,  a  brilliant  con- 
versationalist, and  a  welcome  guest  at  dinner." 

In  the  House  of  Representatives,  Pearce's  quiet  modesty 
kept  him  from  frequent  speeches.  The  first  entry  of  his  name 
in  the  Congressional  Globe  is  in  connection  with  a  resolution 


326  MARYLAND    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

offered  by  him  on  April  8,  1836,  asking  the  Committee  on  the 
Post  Offices  to  inquire  into  the  establishments  of  post  roads  on 
the  Eastern  Shore.  He  served  on  the  Committee  on  Territories, 
and  on  April  8,  advocated  the  erroneous  view  that  there  is  no 
difference  between  the  tenure  of  the  United  States  District 
Judges  and  Territorial  Judges.  Three  days  later,  he  offered 
a  resolution  that  the  Secretary  of  War  make  a  report  as  to  the 
expenditure  for  repairs  upon  the  Cumberland  Koad,  east  of 
the  Ohio  River. 

His  respect  for  the  dignity  of  the  House  was  shown  on  July 
2,  1836,  when  Mr.  Williams  of  Kentucky  refused  to  take  his 
seat,  though  ordered  to  do  so  by  the  Chairman  of  the  Committee 
of  the  Whole,  and  Pearce  insisted  that  Williams  was  liable  to 
censure,  "  to  vindicate  the  dignity  and  honor  of  the  House," 
which  had  nothing  to  do  with  any  personal  quarrel  between  the 
two  members,  but  had  a  "  great  deal  to  do  with  the  violation 
of  its  orders  and  the  total  sacrifice  of  all  public  business,  at  a 
moment  like  the  present." 

On  January  25,  1837,  Pearce  made  his  first  formal  speech 
before  the  House.  The  bill  for  the  admission  of  Michigan 
was  under  discussion  and  the  Chairman  of  the  'Committee  on 
the  Judiciary  made  a  speech,  which  was  understood  to  refer 
unfavorably  to  political  condition  in  Maryland. 

Jenifer,^  the  member  from  Southern  Maryland,  and  Pearce, 
both  Whigs  and  warm  mutual  friends,  made  spirited  speeches 
in  defense  of  the  State  Government.  The  electoral  college  for 
the  choice  of  the  Maryland  Senate  had  met  in  the  previous  year 

*  Daniel  Jenifer,  who  lived  at  Port  Tobacco,  was  a  long-time  friend  of 
Pearce  and  wi'ote  Pearce  on  February  15,  1842,  from  Paris,  of  his  enjoy- 
ment of  France,  his  visits  to  Versailles,  his  attendance  on  a  masked  ball, 
his  impressions  of  the  Venus  of  Milo,  and  of  Fanny  Ellsler : 

"  I  do  not  recollect  whether  I  had  written  you  that  I  had  been  to  the 
Tuilleries  and  presented  to  the  King  and  royal  family,  who  are  rather 
plain  folk  except  the  Dutchess  of  Nemours  who  is  a  very  pretty  woman. 
The  old  Queen  is  as  stately  as  old  Mrs.  Lloyd  used  to  be.  The  sons,  all 
of  whom  I  have  seen,  are  moderately  clever  and  quite  polite  in  manners  &c. 
They  generally  attend  the  Italian  opera.  To  which  I  have  been  as  lalso 
the  French  and  heard  all  the  crack  singers." 


JAMES  ALFRED  PEARCE.  327 

and  the  19  Van  Buren  electors,  finding  that  the  Whigs  had 
chosen  21  members  of  the  College,  while  24  constituted  a 
qnonim,  had  refused  to  allow  the  body  to  organize,  unless  a 
compromise  was  made  with  them.  Eventually,  they  were  forced 
by  public  opinion  to  yield ;  though  the  public  sentiment,  aroused 
during  the  discussion,  soon  led  to  the  abolition  of  the  electoral 
college  and  the  direct  election  of  Senators,  Pearce's  speech 
was  a  fine  spirited  one,'''  containing  a  high  eulogy  of  the  people 
of  Maryland  and  insisting  upon  constitutional  methods  in 
changing  the  form  of  government. 

In  1838,  he  spoke  in  connection  with  an  investigation  of  the 
sergeant-at-arms,  and  on  duelling  in  the  District  of  Columbia 
and,  on  February  26,  1839,  he  criticized  Waddy  Thompson's 
strong  language  in  the  debate  upon  the  ISTorth  East  Boundary. 
He  was  interested  in  pressing  the  claim  of  Mrs.  Alphonsa 
Blake  ^  for  the  salary  of  her  father,  William  Carmichael,  as 
Secretary  of  the  legation  at  Madrid  and  at  Paris  with  Franklin 
during  the  Revolutionary  War,  and  also  in  negotiation  with 
the  Patent  Office  concerning  a  corn-sheller  invented  by  William 
Carmichael,  Jr.  The  letters  which  passed  between  Carmichael 
and  Pearce  in  January,  1839,  throw  important  light  upon 
Pearce's  political  position  at  this  time.  On  January  2,  Car- 
michael wrote  Pearce  as  follows : 

"  Few  of  your  constituents,  I  apprehend  give  you  so  much 
trouble  as  I  do,  and  perhaps  but  few  have  so  little  claim.  Your 
wrong  position,  which  I  have  always  lamented,  deprived  you  of 
my  poor  service. 

"  Mr.  Spencer  at  my  request,  after  the  rejection  of  my  appli- 
cation for  a  Patent  for  my  cornsheller,  at  my  instance  wrote 

'  The  speech  was  not  reported  in  full  in  the  Congresional  Globe,  but  was 
printed  in  pamphlet  form  in  Baltimore.  See  Steiner's  "  The  Electoral 
College  for  the  Senate  of  Maryland  and  the  Nineteenth  Van  Buren  Elec- 
tors "  in  Annual  Report  of  American  Historical  Association  for  1895, 
p.  129. 

*  Mrs.  Blake  lived  near  Chestertown  and  wrote  Pearce  on  February  9, 
1836  and  January  11,  1838.  Pearce  presented  the  claim  again  to  the 
Senate  on  January  21,  1850. 


328  MARYLAND    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

to  Mr.  Cox  of  the  City  to  ascertain  the  name  and  residence  of 
the  man  who  had  preceded  me  in  the  Invention;  which  he 
learned  was  Albert  W.  Gray  residing  in  Middletown,  Vermont. 
He  was  also  informed  at  the  Patent  office  that  this  invention 
was  as  old  as  1820,  and  of  course  Gray's  title  was  defective. 
My  object  in  obtaining  this  information  was  to  obtain  a  right 
to  use  my  cornsheller;  but  if  the  information  at  the  office  is 
correct,  it  would  be  useless  to  put  myself  to  this  trouble  and 
expense,  and  I  must  beg  you  at  a  leisure  moment,  to  call  at  the 
office  and  ascertain  from  Mr.  Ellsworth,  upon  what  evidence 
this  information  is  founded.  This  information  I  Apprehend 
the  commissioner  is  bound  to  give  you,  or  I  would  not  impose 
on  you  the  inquiry.  These  gentlemen  officers  are  not  generally 
disposed  to  trouble  themselves,  beyond  their  legal  obligation. 
If  the  information  be  not  satisfactory,  I  must  then  ask  you  to 
enquire  of  the  Representative  from  Gray's  district,  if  he  knows 
the  price  of  his  patent  rights  and  if  to  serve  his  constituants  he 
would  undertake  to  procure  me  one:  I  am  not  disposed  to 
become  a  Pirate. 

"  I  must  again  call  your  attention  to  Mrs.  Blake's  claim  now 
before  Congress.  I  shall  dispair  if  it  is  not  acted  upon  this 
Session.  I  have  reason  to  believe  there  are  members  in  Congress 
this  Session,  in  favor  of  it,  who  may  not  be  there  again.  I 
understand  that  the  delay,  is  from  want  of  a  report,  from  the 
Committee  of  Foreign  Relations,  of  which  Mr,  Benjamin 
Howard  is  'Chairman.  I  am  not  acquainted  with  Mr.  Howard 
or  I  would  write  to  him;  with  his  Brother  the  late  Mr.  John 
Howard  I  was  on  terms  of  very  friendly  intercourse,  and  during 
my  short  career  in  public  life,  I  had  the  good  fortune  to  render 
some  service  to  his  Father  by  detecting  and  preventing  a  Legis- 
lative plan,  by  which  in  his  estimation,  his  property  near  Bal- 
timore would  have  [been]  much  injured.  In  this  transaction 
Col.  Howard's  confidence  has  been  greatly  abused  by  some  of 
the  master  spirits  of  Bal.  Of  this  transaction  it  is  probable 
Mr.  B.  Howard  has  no  knowledge,  but  both  Col  Howard  and 
Mr.  John  Howard  were  fully  aware  of  it.     Of  this  matter  I 


JAMES  ALFRED  PEAECE.  329 

have  seldom  spoken,  and  on  it  I  found  no  claim  of  power  for 
my  relation  from  Mr.  Howard  except  the  favor  of  an  early- 
report,  such  as  his  judgment,  and  sense  of  justice  may  dictate, 
so  that  it  may  be  acted  upon  this  Session. 

"  You  had  the  goodness  last  year  to  procure  for  me  the 
Madisonian,  I  soon  found  it  to  be  the  Echo  of  a  party  whose 
opinions  I  did  not  approve,  and  have  discontinued  it.  I  have 
a  desire  to  know  a  little  more  of  English  affairs,  than  we  get 
on  our  party  papers,  and  if  you  can  subscribe  for  me  to  the 
Albion  I  shall  esteem  it  a  privilege,  I  will  pay  you  at  sight. 

"  I  am  locked  up  by  Frost  and  snow  and  thrown  upon  my 
own  tender  resources,  whilst  you  are  under  the  fine  excitement 
of  the  House  of  Representatives.  I  have  been  reading  Morris's 
Life  by  Sparks.  As  you  are  a  reader  and  can  command  books 
without  buying  them,  I  suppose  you  have  read  it.  The  original 
papers  of  Mr.  Morris,  which  Mr.  Sparks  has  collected,  connected 
with  the  American  and  French  Revolution,  place  him  among 
the  first  men  of  those  days  either  in  America  or  France.  I  had 
heretofore  esteemed  him  an  orator,  about  the  level  of  the  late 
Mr.  Wirt;  but  I  find  him  to  have  been  a  deep  and  sagacious 
statesman.  His  maturer  days  were  overshadowed  by  the  clouds 
of  Democracy,  and  his  private  views,  which  like  some  of  our 
present  Dignataries,  he  was  at  little  pains  to  conceal  greatly 
impaired  his  standing  in  the  Country,  these  Mr.  Sparks  has 
not  touched,  and  those  who  read  the  book  some  fifty  years 
hence,  may  think  that  he  and  his  wife  Miss  Anne  C.  Randolph 
were  models  of  virtue,  in  the  best  days  of  the  Republic;  our 
American  Biographers  are  exceedingly  courteous  a  Plutarch 
or  a  Tacitus  would  have  raised  the  curtain  at  least  ankle  high. 

"  I  do  not  know  how  you  voted  on  Atherton's  resolutions,  if 
I  had  been  a  member  coming  as  they  did  from  the  East,  I 
would  have  reed  them  kindly  and  courteously.  I  hope  for  the 
Session  they  muzzle  that  old  Cuss  J.  Q.  A.,  and  the  other  Ban 
dogs  of  the  House. 

"  Remember  me  kindly  to  my  friend  Mr.  Jenifer,  and  tell 
him  from  his  speech,  last  Session  (a  copy  of  which  he  had  the 


330  MAEYLAND    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

goodness  to  send  me),  and  from  his  movements  this  I  perceive 
that  "  old  age  "  ne'er  quells  'The  Douglas  Blood.' 

"  Should  you  deem  it  prudent,  at  an  opportune  time,  you 
may  read  to  Mr.  Howard  that  part  of  my  letter  which  refers 
to  Mrs.  Blake's  business,  and  I  beg  the  favor  to  hear  from  you 
at  an  early  date,  on  your  affairs,  and  as  also  on  my  own 
concerns." 

Pearce  answered  this  letter  on  January  8,  as  follows : 

"  It  gives  me  no  trouble  to  attend  to  your  commissions  and 
if  it  did  there  is  no  one  of  my  constituents  for  whom  I  would 
more  cheerfully  put  myself  to  inconvenience. 

"  The  difference  of  opinion  which  separates  us  politically 
has  upon  neither  of  us  I  am  sure  any  other  effect, — I  become 
every  day  more  opposed  to  Mr.  Van  Buren  for  whom  personally 
I  have  not  the  least  respect  but  I  do  not  at  the  same  time 
become  a  warmer  partizan  or  less  charitable  to  those  who  hold 
opinions  opposite  to  mine. 

"  Early  in  the  Spring  I  placed  in  Mr.  Oushing's  hands  all 
the  papers  on  Mrs.  Blake's  case  with  an  earnest  request  to  him 
to  report  on  the  subject.  He  informs  me  to  day  that  he  has 
already  translated  the  Spanish  Voucher  and  made  an  abstract 
of  all  the  evidence — and  that  he  has  a  report  in  part  prepared 
to  be  completed  in  a  week.  I  spoke  to  Mr.  Howard  but  I  do 
not  expect  any  active  influence  from  'him.  In  truth  the  com- 
mittees are  organized  not  with  reference  to  their  capacity  and 
readiness  to  transact  business  but  with  a  view  to  political  effect. 
Members  think  it  a  compliment  to  be  on  many  committees  and 
such  as  are  considered  important.  The  consequence  is  that 
these  compliments  are  paid  at  the  expense  of  the  business  of 
congress. 

"  The  speaker  places  Mr.  Pickens  who  does  not  love  work  on 
4  different  committees  to  which  he  does  not  and  cannot  attend 
while  I  am  a  member  of  a  committee  which  never  meets  and 
has  nearly  nothing  to  do. 


JAMES  ALFRED  PEAECE.  331 

"  The  committees  which  have  no  political  power  are  toler- 
ably well  organized  —  the  others  are  fitted  with  '  babbling 
politicians.' 

"  I  called  at  the  patent  office  and  learned  that  the  old  patents 
for  corn  shellers  were  destroyed  in  the  fire  of  1836  and  that 
they  have  not  been  renewed  in  the  office  because  they  were 
obsolete.  Gray's  patent  is  dated  in  1836  before  the  late  law 
appointing  examiners  etc.  Had  it  been  applied  for  since  that 
Law  it  would  not  have  been  granted  for  want  of  originality. 
McKeller  and  Dr  Jones  have  no  doubt  on  the  subject  and  tho' 
the  record  evidence  has  been  destroyed  they  say  they  know  the 
original  patent  is  out  of  date  and  that  you  may  with  perfect 
safety  and  a  good  conscience  use  the  cornsheller.  Mr.  Keller 
says  there  are  many  mills  which  use  the  cornsheller  without 
purchase  of  the  patent  and  that  no  suit  could  possibly  be  main- 
tained for  such  use. 

"  I  purchased  Sparks  life  of  Gouveneur  Morris  two  years 
ago  and  read  it  with  great  delight  and  equal  admiration  of 
Morris's  far  seeing  sagacity.  It  has  been  considered  a  moot 
point  how  far  it's  well  to  delineate  the  vices  of  great  men.  But 
it  seems  to  me  that  when  the  biographer  condemns  the  errors 
and  vices  which  impair  the  character  of  his  subject  the  value 
of  the  lesson  is  greater  than  the  evil  of  the  example.  But  it  is 
better  not  to  mention  them  at  all  than  to  gloss  them  over  or 
treat  them  with  forbearing  mildness. 

"  I  voted  with  the  majority  on  Atherton's  resolutions  altho' 
I  do  not  entirely  approve  them  and  should  have  liked  to  amend 
them  somewhat.  The  first  resolution  is  inaccurate  and  means 
more  in  its  terms  than  was  intended  and  the  last  is  not  in  my 
opinion  the  most  polite  course  we  could  adopt.  But  as  our  lips 
were  sealed  by  the  previous  questions  no  explanation  could  be 
made.  ISTow  while  I  think  Congress  has  no  right  to  abolish 
slavery  in  the  States,  I  think  they  have  the  right  to  legislate 
on  the  subject  of  slavery  in  the  States  for  the  purpose  of 
securing  to  us  our  run  away  negroes. 

"  I  think  that  while  laying  on  the  table  memorials  on  aboli- 
tion stops   debate  here  it  increases  excitement  elsewhere.     T 


332  MARYLAND   HISTOEICAL    MAGAZINE. 

believe  that  we  liave  a  perfect  right  to  refuse  to  receive  them 
and  that  if  they  are  received  they  should  be  permited  to  be 
debated.  They  debated  the  subject  in  the  Senate  last  year 
until  the  fuel  burned  out  and  now  you  never  think  of  an  excite- 
ment on  that  subject  in  that  body.  So  it  would  be  here  if  per- 
haps it  were  not  for  that  miserable  old  mischief  maker  and 
pest  J.  Q.  Adams.  I  fear  that  abolition  will  spread  till  it 
gathers  head  enough  to  force  upon  Congress  some  action  on 
the  subject  and  then  the  South  will  dissolve  the  Union.  Cer- 
tain it  is  that  the  bonds  which  hold  us  together  are  not  deemed 
as  strong  as  they  have  been  and  that  the  centrifugal  force  is 
increasing.  Were  it  not  for  presidential  politics  I  think  it 
might  be  well  but  nothing  now  is  done  without  reference  to 
party  results  and  the  abolitionists  will  be  courted  by  both 
parties  wherever  they  hold  the  balance  of  power." 

Congressmen  were  importuned  then  as  now.  For  example, 
on  March  17,  1838,  E.  F.  Chambers  asks  that  Pearce  secure 
him  volumes  of  the  State  Papers  to  complete  his  set.  On 
December  19,  1836,  Philip  Wallis  asked  him  to  make  a  speech 
in  the  House  requesting  that  Baltimore  be  indemnified  for 
her  expenses  in  the  "Wlar  of  1812  and  gave  references  to  mate- 
rial, and  on  March  1,  1838,  he  asked  Pearce  to  advocate  the 
Treaty  Question  Claims.  A  third  letter,  in  IsTovember,  1840, 
from  Wallis,''  who  hailed  from  Kent  County,  requested  that 
Pearce  and  other  Kent  County  Whigs  give  him  a  recommenda- 
tion to  Harrison,  the  President  elect,  for  appointment  to  public 
ofiice. 

In  spite  of  Pearce's  rarely  occupying  the  floor,  B.  U.  Camp- 
bell WTote  him  on  January  24,  1839  that  Senator  Merrick  ^^ 

'Wallis  removed  to  Louisiana  and  wrote  from  New  Orleans  in  1833  of 
financial  difficulties.  He  was  killed  in  the  explosion  of  a  steamboat  on 
the  Mississippi  River  a  year  or  two  later. 

"  Campbell  was  in  Washington  and  regi-etted  that  he  could  not  return 
Pearce's  call,  for  which  he  was  obliged.  He  asked  that  public  documents 
on  finance  etc.  be  sent  him  by  Pearce.  John  P.  Kennedy  has  sent  Campbell 
none,  and  Campbell,  though  one  of  his  constituents,  is  "  too  proud  to  ask 
him  to  do  so  poor  a  courtesy."  Pearce  may  tell  Kennedy  how  Campbell 
"  appreciates  his  forgetfulness  of  an  old  friend." 


JAMES  ALFRED  PEAKCE.  333 

had  said  to  him  that  Pearce  "  was  decidedly  the  strongest  man 
in  the  Maryland  delegation." 

After  two  years  of  retirement,  Pearce  again  was  nominated 
by  the  Whigs  for  Congress  in  1840.  Thomas  declined  to  run 
against  him  and  Pearce  was  chosen  without  opposition.  As 
Pearce  said  on  the  floor  of  the  House,  on  August  7,  1841, 
"  I  came  and  looked.  I  saw  no  one  in  arms,  nobody  to  con- 
quer." Pearce  was  known  to  be  hostile  to  the  subtreasury 
system  and  maintained  that  the  question  of  giving  up  that 
system  was  fully  discussed  in  the  presidential  campaign.  In 
the  speech,  just  referred  to,  he  praised  President  Harrison 
with  earnestness  and  defended,  in  a  vigorous  and  able  manner, 
the  constitutionality  and  expediency  of  a  jSTational  Bank.  On 
August  18,  1842,  he  animadverted  severely  upon  C  J.  Inger- 
soll's  ^^  playful  remark  that  he  would  have  been  a  Tory  during 
the  Revolution  and,  on  August  25,  he  moved  that  mileage  for 
Congressmen  be  limited  to  actual  travelling  expenses.  His 
most  important  act  during  his  term  was  the  presentation  of 
the  report  ^^  of  the  majority  of  the  Judiciary  Committee  on 
January  31,  1843,  recommending  that  a  fine  be  not  refunded 
to  General  Andrew  Jackson.  During  the  Louisiana  campaign 
of  1814-15,  Jackson  had  declared  martial  law.  The  committee 
held  that  his  declaration  was  "  without  law  and  in  violation  of 
the  Constitution  of  the  United  States."  Jackson  had  continued 
martial  law  until  March  22,  1815,  an  act  which  the  Committee 
considered  "  not  only  unsanctioned  by  law,  but  not  excusable 
by  necessity."  He  had  arrested,  imprisoned,  and  tried  by 
court  martial,  Louis  Louallier  St.,  a  member  of  the  State 
Legislature  and  a  man  of  undoubted  loyalty,  for  publishing  an 
article  in  the  "  Louisiana  Courier,"  criticising  Jackson's  order, 
that  certain  French  subjects  who  had  received  certificates  of 
nationality  from  the  French  consul  retire  to  the  interior  as  far 

"  C.  J.  Ingersoll  (1782-1862),  whose  biography  has  been  written  by 
WilliaiQ  M.  Meigs,  Esq.,  was  a  representative  in  Congress  from  1813  to 
1815  and  from  1841  to  1847. 

"  The  Report  is  No.  122,  House  Reports,  27th  Congress,  3rd  Session. 


334  MARYLAND   HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

as  Baton  Eouge.  The  Committee's  report  stated  that  these  acts 
were  unlawful  and  that  Louallier's  detention,  after  acquittal 
by  the  court  martial,  was  a  "  dangerous  and  despotic  exercise 
of  power."  Judge  Hall  of  the  United  States  District  Court 
signed  a  writ  of  habeas  corpus  in  Louallier's  favor,  and 
Jackson,  thereupon,  arrested  Hall  for  "  exciting  mutiny  in  his 
camp,"  while  he  seized  the  order  of  the  court.  For  these  acts, 
he  was  fined  and  the  committee  summed  up  the  matter  thus: 
"  General  Jackson's  refusal  to  obey  the  writ  of  habeas  corpus 
and  his  imprisonment  of  the  judge  was  a  violation  of  the  most 
sacred  right  of  the  citizen,  of  the  express  provision  of  the  Con- 
stitution, and  of  the  judicial  independence  and,  together  with 
his  seizure  of  an  original  court  paper,  was  a  contempt  of  court, 
for  which  he  was  justly  and  legally  fined."  ^^ 

This  report  brought  Pearce  prominently  before  the  people 
of  Maryland,  and  gave  him  strong  support  from  the  Whigs, 
not  only  in  his  own  State  but  also  elsewhere.  Judge  S.  S. 
ISTicholas  of  Louisville,  Kentucky,  wrote  him,  on  February  11, 
1844,  warmly  praising  the  report  and  severely  criticising  one 
made  by  the  Senate  Committee,  which  favored  refunding  the 
fine.  Nicholas  expressed  a  wish  that  a  letter  of  Dallas,  the 
acting  Secretary  of  War,  written  to  Jackson  in  1815,  be  pub- 
lished, as  it  would  show  that  Madison's  Cabinet  concurred  in 
the  views  which  Pearce  and  ^Nicholas  maintained. 

The  term  of  John  Leeds  Kerr  ^*  in  the  United  States  Senate 
was  about  to  expire.  At  that  time,  it  was  customary  to  elect 
one  of  the  Senators  from  each  Shore  of  the  Chesapeake  Bay 
and  Kerr  was  an  Eastern  Shore  man.  The  Whigs  had  a 
majority  ^^  in  the  legislature.     This  combination  of  circum- 

^'  In  the  Senate  on  June  13,  1845,  Pearce  said  that  he  had  been  a  member 
of  the  House  Committee  to  investigate  the  Compendium  of  the  Census  of 
1840  and  that  he  thought  the  Superintendent  exceeded  his  authoriy  in 
issuing  it. 

"John  Leeds  Kerr  (1780-1844),  namesake  and  relative  of  John  Leeds 
Bozman  was  a  representative  in  Congress  from  Maryland  from  1825  to- 
1829  and  United  States  Senator  1841  and  1843. 

"John  L.  Dorsey's  letter  to  Pearce,  written  from  Athens,  Georgia,  on 


JAMES  ALFRED  PEAECE.  335 

stances  brouglit  about  the  result  of  Pearce's  election  to  tlie 
Senate  on  December  29,  1843. ^^ 

A  few  days  after  the  election  on  January  30,  1844,  John  P. 
Kennedy  ^"^  wrote  Pearce  a  sprightly  letter  from  Baltimore,  as 
follows : 

"  It  is  not  too  late  to  congratulate  you  upon  your  appoint- 
ment, especially  as  I  partly  did  so  before  you  got  it. — 'So  suc- 
cess to  you  among  their  worships  ? — ^Being  now  one  of  the 
"  higher  orders  "  I  want  you  to  take  pity  on  an  humble  sinner 

November  9,  1843,  shows  how  Pearce's  friends  were  campaigning  for  him: 
"You  will  perceive  by  the  date  of  this  letter,  that  I  am  in  the  South — 
far  from  old  ]\Iaryland,  but  still  I  cherish  a  self  interest  in  her  wellfare, 
and  her  distinguished  statesmen.  Am.ong  these  permit  me  to  say  I  mention 
yourself — land  as  an  evidence  of  my  declaration,  I  have  been  urging  at 
Home  your  pretensions  to  a  seat  in  the  Senate  of  the  United  States — My 
Father  also  has  been  industriously  engaged  in  the  same  course.  Mr. 
Charles  Calvert  is  one  of  your  friends,  as  also  General  Chapman  of 
Charles  County. 

"  The  other  day  I  had  a  conversation  with  the  Hon.  William  Cost  Johnson 
■ — He  then  expressed  himself  strongly  in  your  [favor]  and  said  he  designed 
to  use  his  influence  with  the  Frederick  delegation. 

"  I  have  written  to  SoUers  on  the  subject — whose  friendship  for  you  is 
sworn  and  decided — He  can  influence  Dalrymple's  vote. 

"  Merrick  and  his  influence  will  go  for  Spence.  I  am  inclined  to  think 
fxom  circumstances  General  Mathews  the  Senator,  is  somewhat  under  his 
influence  and  his  vote  may  be  carried  against  you — My  Father  promised 
me  to  see  Owen,  a  young  lawyer  who  studied  with  him  for  two  years.  He 
can  do  more  with  him  than  any  one  in  the  County. 

"  So  much  for  home. 

"  I  am  now  in  the  midst  of  one  of  the  strongest  Whig  States  in  the 
Union.  Georgia  will  give  a  heavier  vote  for  Clay  than  she  did  for  General 
Harrison.  There  is  more  political  excitement  here  than  1840  and  even 
more  enthusiasm  displayed  on  account  of  the  Whig  triumphs,  than  you  can 
well  imagine.  Mr.  Colburn  is  prostrate.  This  is  admitted  on  all  sides 
by  his  most  intimate,  personal  and  political  friends.  General  Sanders  told 
me  in  North  Carolina  that  Clay  would  undoubtedly  carry  his  State  by  a 
very  large  vote.  It  is  impossible  for  the  Van  Buren  and  Calhoun  party 
ever  to  amalgamate  for  any  purpose  whatever. 

"  I  expect  to  meet  next  March  in  the  Senate,  so  I  am  in  hope  you  will 
excuse  this  hasty  scrawl. 

^*The  certificate  is  signed  by  Ilichard  Thomas,  President  of  the  Senate, 
and  William  H.  Watson,  Speaker  of  the  House  of  Delegates. 

^'  Kennedy  was  a  prominent  Whig. 


336  MARYLAND   HISTORIC AL   MAGAZINE. 

wlio  is  striving  after  his  election,  and  come  to  his  aid. — Our 
Clay  clubs  are  in  a  state  of  exultation  which  requires  to  be  fed 
with  the  finest  excitement.  The  10th.  Ward  have  their  meet- 
ings at  '  The  Sloshes  of  Hanover '  where  large  and  enthusiastic 
congregations  of  Whigs  assemble  at  short  summons.  They  have 
determined  that  you  must  speak  to  them,  as  Botts  has  lately 
done.  A  committee  has  already  written  to  you  and  this  is  to 
hach  it  'Now  let  me  entreat  you,  my  dear  Senator,  by  no 
means  to  pretermit  this  Duty,  but  by  all  means  to  come  over 
and  give  us  a  screed  of  Doctrine.  You  have  so  many  well 
wishers  in  Baltimore,  that  upon  a  statement  of  accounts  you 
fairly  owe  them  this  balance,  and  ought  to  make  a  point  of 
conscience  to  pay  it. — IsTame  your  own  Day  before  the  14th.  of 
Feb.  and  run  over  to  our  thirsty  Whigs  who  famish  for  Doc- 
trine.— In  earnest,  I  beg  you  to  comply." 

Pearce's  credentials  were  laid  before  the  Senate  on  January 
2,  1844,  and  on  the  10th,  he  was  introduced  to  that  body  by 
his  colleague,  William  D.  Merrick,  and  qualified  for  the  office, 
rive  days  later,  Pearce  presented  a  petition  for  payment  on 
account  of  material  furnished  for  lighthouses  on  the  Chesapeake 
Bay.^^  He  was  placed  on  the  Committee  on  Private  Land 
Claims  and  on  ITaval  Affairs  and  presented  from  the  latter 
Committee,  on  January  29,  a  bill  for  the  relief  of  Commander 
M'lntosh.^^  His  first  speech,  delivered  on  March  5,  concerned 
the  contract  to  make  cannon,  which  it  was  alleged  burst,  because 
made  of  cheap  pig  iron.  In  this  speech  he  showed  considerable 
knowledge  of  the  subject. ^^  On  April  4,  he  objected  to  the 
establishment  of  a  naval  depot  at  Memphis  or  Cairo,  as  there 

^^  Vide  April  9. 

^°  He  defended  this  bill  on  March  26,  and  spoke  on  a  naval  court  martial 
on  April  5.  See  May  21,  on  discharge  of  committee  from  consideration  of 
a  petition  and  reference  to  the  Committee  on  Pensions. 

I™  He  presented  a  petition  against  a  change  in  the  tariff  on  March  27, 
one  from  Baltimore  for  harbor  improvement  on  May  27,  and  on  May  30, 
offered  a  resolution  that  the  Committee  on  Finance  report  as  to  the  ex- 
pediency of  permitting  the  free  importation  of  guano. 


JAMES  ALFRED  PEARCE.  337 

were  only  seven  feet  of  water  there  and  vessels  of  war  should 
be  built,  or  repaired,  only  where  there  was  always  sufficient 
depth  for  them  to  be  floated  to  the  ocean.  ^^  He  showed  his 
scientific  interest  by  speaking  on  engraving  a  map  of  Texas. ^- 

He  was  a  young  man — not  yet  forty  years  of  age — and  the  ex- 
uberance of  youth  is  shown  in  the  brief  speech  which  he  made 
upon  the  acceptance  of  the  camp  chest  of  George  Washington, 
which  had  been  left  to  the  United  States  by  the  will  of  William 
S.  Winder.^^  In  the  course  of  the  speech,  Pearce  said :  "  Our 
colonial  existence  was  that  of  young  Freedom,  restrained  indeed 
and  checked  during  nonage,  but  only  for  a  moment  enchained. 
Our  national  history  is  that  of  recollections  of  privation  and 
sufferings,  of  want  approaching  to  famine ;  of  poverty  in  almost 
every  form — most  patiently,  patriotically  and  nobly  borne  by 
the  officers,  soldiers,  and  citizens  of  our  Country  during  the 
darkest,  but  perhaps  the  proudest  period  of  her  history.  It  tells 
of  disastrous  reverses,  heroically  sustained  and  gloriously  re- 
trieved." 

At  the  close  of  his  first  term  Pearce  was  re-elected  without 
much  opposition.  When  the  second  term  was  drawing  to  an 
end,  there  was  a  certain  rivalry,  of  which  J.  G.  Chapman  ^* 
wrote  Pearce,  on  January  12,  1854,  from  Glen  Albin,  Charles 
County : 

"  I  received  your  letter  last  night  and  thank  you  for  it.  I 
have  been  anxious  for  your  re-election  not  only  from  personal 
regards — but  upon  higher  considerations — I  love  my  friends  as 
much  as  most  men  do — but  I  feel  more  for  the  honor  and  in- 
terest of  the  Country.    There  is  no  reason  why  you  should  not 

i^  On  May  27,  he  favored  an  appropriation  to  Robert  Fulton's  heirs. 
He  advocated  this  bill  again  on  December  17. 

'^On  June  11.  On  June  5  he  presented  a  memorial  from  Cecil  County 
protesting  against  the  annexation  of  Texas,  and  as  the  petition  contained 
expressions  disrespectful  to  President  Taylor,  he  consented  to  have  it  laid 
on  the  table. 

•^^  Son  of  Governor  Levin  Winder. 

'*0n  March  20,  1854,  his  credentials  for  the  term  beginning  on  the 
subsequent  4th  of  March  were  presented. 


338  MAKTLAND   HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

be  re-elected  unanimoTisly — Every  consideration  of  justice,  wis- 
dom and  policy  prompts  to  it. 

"  I  had  not  communicated  with  you  on  the  subject,  for  I  did 
not  know  that  it  might  not  seem  to  be  officious  in  me  to  do  so — 
Yet  I  have  not  felt  indifferent  and  have  as  far  as  I  might,  ex- 
pressed myself  promptly  and  fully,  and  as  far  as  my  opinion 
and  the  reasons  of  State  justice,  and  policy  could  have  weight 
or  influence,  they  have  been  given  upon  every  occasion.  As 
far  as  I  am  now  informed  great  exertions  have  been  made  to 
prevent  your  re-election — They  emanate  from  that  portion  of 
the  Whig  party  known  as  the  "Court  House  Clique,"  which 
has  its  ramifications  and  satellites  in  every  County  of  the 
State — and  every  means  of  corruption  have  been  used  to  extend 
and  strengthen  their  influence, 

"  What  can  you  do — 'What  can  any  man  of  proper  delicacy 
do,  w^ho  is  conscious  of  his  own  regard  for  the  Country's  good 
and  who  feels  that  he  is  entitled  to  at  least  the  Country's  jus- 
tice if  not  its  gratitude? — A  miserable  system  had  sprung  up 
in  the  State  &  an  honorable  man  does  not  meet  on  equal  ground 
the  designing  Demagogue  who  will  bargain  for  place  and  dis- 
regard all  truth  and  moral  obligations  to  further  his  purpose. 

"  I  am  not  surprised  at  any  combinations  which  they  may 
form — That  faction  had  now  I  believe  the  control  of  the  Whig 
party  in  almost  every  county  in  the  State — It  made  desperate 
efforts  to  succeed  here  last  summer  but  they  failed. 

"  I  am  surprised  to  hear  from  you  that  Morgan  is  opposed 
to  your  re-election,  although  he  belongs  to  the  Court  House 
faction — I  met  with  him  in  Washington  in  ISTov.  and  he  left 
me  under  the  impression  that  it  was  due  to  you  and  the  State — 
I  had  no  doubt  that  the  delegation  from  St.  Marys  were  for 
you — I  doubted  Sothoron  because  of  his  associations  in  An- 
napolis, and  his  intimacy  with  a  distinguished  person — I  believe 
that  I  first  suggested  Mr.  Dent  as  the  speaker — I  had  heard 
that  he  was  in  favor  of  your  re-election  and  I  thought  that  it 
was  important  that  the  patronage  and  power  of  the  chair 
should  not  be  given  to  the  opposition  and  particularly  to  one 


JAMES  ALFRED  PEAECE.  339 

spoken  of  as  desiring  to  be  your  successor.  In  such  a  house 
composed  of  young  and  new  members,  mucli  may  be  done  by 
flattering  them  by  positions  or  committees — I  shall  write  to 
Dent  fully  and  freely  and  will  endeavor  to  get  a  friend  and 
connection  of  his  to  do  likewise. 

"  As  to  the  Delegates  and  Senators  from  this  County  I  can 
have  no  doubt.  They  would  not  have  been  elected  if  they  had 
been  opposed  to  you.  They  avowed  themselves  for  you  during 
an  active  canvass  and  I  have  talked  with  them  immediately 
before  they  went  on.  They  are  my  personal  friends — I  know 
their  views  and  do  not  believe  that  they  can  be  moved. 

"  I  shall  often  write  to  them  and  ask  them  to  inform  me 
what  is  going  on.  I  may  possibly  go  to  Annapolis  before  the 
the  election  and  would  certainly  go  if  I  could  render  service 
to  the  State  by  it. 

"  I  have  had  but  little  to  do  with  politics  since  the  State 
Convention — wishing  for  no  position  and  prefering  to  attend 
to  my  own  business  and  the  education  of  my  children — My  name 
has  sometimes  been  associated  with  political  situations — but 
without  my  knowledge  or  consent. 

"  I  wish  I  knew  how  I  could  aid  your  re-election.  Can  you 
inform  me  what  delegations  are  for  you.  It  seems  that  much 
may  depend  on  the  delegates  from  Balto — I  must  try  to  learn 
their  views  through  the  Clerk  Mr.  Stewart,  who  is  a  (nominal) 
Democrat  but  a  good  man  and  has  become  very  fond  of  my 
boys  who  have  been  at  St  Johns  College — But  I  am  fatiguing 
you  with  my  views,  which  really  have  but  little  of  this  days 
wisdom  in  them — But  I  am 

Truly  and  sincerely  your  friend  " 
{To  he  continued) 


340  MAEYLAND   HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

THE  LIFE  OF   THOMAS  JOHNSON 

Edwaed  S.  Delaplaine 
Paet  JSTinth 


Chapter  XV 
Keconciliation  Veesus  Independence 

"  It  is  true  that  Mr.  Jay — as  well  as  Mr.  Dickinson  and  Mr.  Johnson — 
contributed  to  retard  many  vigorous  measures,  and  particularly  the  vote  of 
Independence,  until  he  left  Congress,  but  I  have  reason  to  think  he  would 
have  concurred  in  that  vote  when  it  was  taken,  if  he  had  been  there." — 
John  Adams,  Letter  to  Thomas  Jefferson,  September  17,  1823. 

"  Many  motions  were  made,  and  after  tedious  discussion,  lost 

•Mr.  Richard  Henry  Lee,  of  Virginia,  Mr.  Sherman,  of  Connecticut,  and  Mr. 
Gadsden,  of  South  Carolina,  were  always  on  my  side,  and  Mr.  €hase,  of 
Maryland,  when  he  did  speak  at  all,  was  always  powerful,  and  generally 
with  us.  Mr.  Johnson,  of  Maryland,  was  the  most  frequent  speaker  from 
that  State,  and  while  he  remained  with  us,  was  inclined  to  Mr.  Dickinson 
for  some  time,  but  ere  long  he  and  all  his  State  came  cordially  into  our 
system." — Adams,  Works,  II,  506. 

It  must  have  been  a  scene  of  strange  emotions  when  Barrister 
Carroll,  Johnson,  Paca,  HoUyday  and  Plater  came  into  Sir 
Robert  Eden's  presence  with  the  Resolutions  and  the  Address — 
one  paper  ordering  him  to  leave  the  Province ;  the  other  express- 
ing the  sincerest  hope  that  he  would,  upon  the  restoration  of 
peace,  return  to  America  to  resume  his  duties  as  Governor  of 
Maryland.  Remember  !  This  was  less  than  six  weeks  before 
the  Declaration  of  Independence  !  Yet  the  Convention  still  de- 
plored the  severance  of  connection  between  the  United  Colonies 
and  the  Mother  Country  and  hoped  for  a  happy  reconciliation. 
"  From  the  disposition  your  Excellency  hath  manifested  to  pro- 
mote the  real  interests  of  both  countries,"  Governor  Eden  was 
assured,  "  the  Convention  is  induced  to  entertain  the  warmest 
hopes  and  expectations,  that  upon  your  arrival  in  England,  you 
will  represent  the  temper  and  principles  of  the  people  of  Mary- 


THE    LIFE    OF    THOMAS    JOHNSOIST.  341 

land,  with  the  same  candor  jou  have  hitherto  shown,  and  that 
you  will  exert  your  endeavors  to  promote  a  reconciliation  upon 
terms  that  may  be  secure  and  honorable  both  to  Great  Britain 
and  America." 

JSTor  were  these  words  intended  to  cajole.  They  expressed  the 
real  and  unquestioned  sentiment  of  the  Maryland  Convention. 
Just  a  few  days  before — ^May  21,  1776 — when  Tilghman,  John- 
son, Alexander,  Chase,  Goldsborough,  Paca,  Stone  and  Rogers 
were  re-elected  to  Congress,  it  was  unanimously  resolved — fol- 
lowing the  report  of  a  committee  headed  by  Mr.  Johnson — that 
"  the  said  Deputies  are  bound  and  directed  to  govern  themselves 
by  the  instructions  given  to  them  by  this  Convention  in  its  ses- 
sion of  December  last,  in  the  same  manner  as  if  the  said  instruc- 
tions were  particularly  repeated."  The  instructions  of  the  De- 
cember session,  we  recall,  emphatically  warned  the  eight  Repre- 
sentatives to  strive  for  Reconciliation,  not  for  Independence,  at 
Philadelphia.  "  We  further  instruct  you,"  were  the  solemn 
words  of  the  Convention,  ordained  January  12,  1776,  "  that  you 
do  not  without  the  previous  knowledge  and  approbation  of  the 
convention  of  this  province,  assent  to  any  proposition  to  declare 
these  colonies  independent  of  the  crown  of  Great  Britain,  nor  to 
any  proposition  for  making  or  entering  into  alliance  with  any 
foreign  power,  nor  to  any  union  or  confederation  of  these  col- 
onies, which  may  necessarily  lead  to  a  separation  from  the  mother 
country,  unless  in  your  judgments,  or  in  the  judgments  of  any 
four  of  you,  or  of  a  majority  of  the  whole  of  you,  if  all  shall  be 
then  attending  in  congress,  it  shall  be  thought  absolutely  neces- 
sary for  the  preservation  of  the  liberties  of  the  united  colonies." 

This  being  the  sentiment  in  Maryland,  we  can  now  appreciate 
the  attitude  of  Johnson  in  the  autumn  of  1775,  endeavoring  as 
he  was  to  represent  the  wishes  of  his  constituents,  when  he 
warned  the  Continental  Congress  that  if  any  step  were  taken  to 
render  Reconciliation  impossible,  the  people  of  Maryland  would 
"  take  it  into  their  ovsna  hands  and  make  concessions  inconsistent 
with  the  rights  of  America."  Lover  of  Liberty,  implacable  foe 
of  Oppression,  Mr.  Johnson  was  nevertheless  so  deeply  attached 


342  MAKYLAND   HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

to  the  Common  Law  and  British  institutions  that  he  was  striving 
for  Eieconciliation  long  after  the  leaders  in  other  parts  of 
America  were  openly  clamoring  for  Independence. 

For  some  time  the  powerful  leaders  from  New  England  had 
been  advocating  complete  separation  from  the  Mother  Country. 
Aligned  with  them  were  such  men  as  Lee,  Jefferson  and  Wythe 
of  Virginia,  Benjamin  Franklin  of  Pennsylvania,  Rodney  and 
McKean  of  Delaware,  John  Rutledge  and  Gadsden  of  South 
Carolina  and  Sergeant  of  JSTew  Jersey.  Even  from  Maryland, 
bound  as  she  was  by  the  instructions  of  the  Convention,  the 
advanced  party  had  moral,  if  not  active,  support  in  the  person 
of  Samuel  Chase.  Indeed,  John  Adams  includes  Mr.  Chase 
amongst  this  group  of  thinkers. 

l!^evertheless,  the  hack  ward  men,  chief  among  whom  were 
Dickinson,  Johnson  and  Jay,  still  entertained  hopes  that  the 
olive  branch  would  be  brought  across  the  Atlantic  and  the  diffi- 
culties settled  by  a  Reconciliation.  R.  R.  Livingston  and  Duane 
of  ISTew  York,  Wilson,  Willing  and  Morris  of  Pennsylvania, 
William  Livingston  of  l^ew  Jersey,  Braxton  and  Harrison  of 
Virginia,  Hooper  of  JSTorth  Carolina,  and  Lynch,  Middletowu 
and  Edward  Rutledge  of  South  Carolina  were  among  the  states- 
men of  this  group.  "  Every  important  step,"  says  Adams,  "  was 
opposed  and  carried  by  bare  majorities,  which  obliged  me  to  be 
almost  constantly  engaged  in  debate.  I  constantly  insisted  that 
we  should  be  driven  to  the  necessity  of  declaring  independence 
from  Great  Britain." 

Amid  popular  enthusiasm,  stirred  by  the  war  drum  and  fife, 
it  was  none  too  easy  to  oppose,  at  this  time,  American  Independ- 
ence. But,  so  far,  Johnson  stood  firm  in  the  hope  that  the  diffi- 
culties could  be  settled  and  that  the  friendly  relations  with  the 
Crown  would  be  resumed. 

The  last  two  weeks  of  May,  1YY6,  were  a  busy  period  for 
Brigadier-General  Johnson.  In  addition  to  the  prominent  part 
he  played  in  handling  the  charges  against  Governor  Eden,  and 
in  deciding  the  position  of  Maryland  with  reference  to  Inde- 
pendence, he  was  the  dominant  figure  on  the  committee  "  to  con- 


THE   LIFE   OF   THOMAS   JOHNSON.  343 

sider  of  the  further  means  of  defence  necessary  for  this  prov- 
ince." His  influence  was  also  potent  in  deciding  the  situs  of 
powder  mills  and  salt  works.  And,  on  the  day  before  adjourn- 
ment, when  the  Convention  resolved  "  that  a  court  of  admiralty 
be  erected,  for  the  purpose  of  determining  upon  such  captures 
and  seizures  of  vessels  as  are  or  shall  be  made  according  to  the 
late  resolves  of  the  continental  congress  upon  that  subject,  and 
brought  into  this  province,"  the  senior  Brigadier-General  was 
made  chairman  of  a  committee  of  five  "  to  devise  a  proper  estab- 
lishment for  such  court  of  admiralty."  The  jurisdiction  of  this 
tribunal,  of  course,  was  limited  to  the  adjudication  and  condem- 
nation of  prizes ;  however,  the  Court  of  Admiralty,  as  conceived 
by  Johnson  immediately  prior  to  the  birth  of  the  ISTation,  holds 
an  interesting  place  in  Maryland  history. 

The  adjournment  of  the  Convention,  May  25,  1776,  enabled 
Johnson  to  enjoy  a  few  weeks  of  much-needed  rest  and  recupera- 
tion. Matthew  Tilghman,  Thomas  Stone  and  John  Rogers  were 
in  attendance  at  the  sessions  of  Congress.  So  Johnson  felt  that 
he  could  afford  to  remain  at  home  for  a  short  time  to  attend  to 
his  private  affairs.  At  the  same  time  he  would  have  a  chance 
quietly  to  observe  the  sentiment  of  the  people  of  Maryland 
with  reference  to  the  all-important  subject  of  Independence. 

It  was  during  this  period — June  7,  1776 — that  Richard 
Henry  Lee  offered  the  resolution  in  Congress  that :  "  The  United 
Colonies  are,  and  of  right  ought  to  he,  free  and  independent 
states;  that  they  are  absolved  from  all  allegiance  to  the  British 
Grown;  and  that  all  'political  connection  between  them  and  Great 
Britain  is,  and  ought  to  he,  dissolved."  An  exciting  debate  en- 
sued. Finally,  on  June  10th,  action  on  the  resolution  was  de- 
ferred until  the  first  of  July. 

Delegates  Tilghman,  Stone  and  Rogers,  who  were  then  in 
Philadelphia,  realized  that  the  tide  was  rapidly  mounting  toward 
Independence  and  in  a  letter  to  the  Council  of  Safety,  dated 
June  11,  recommended  that  the  Convention  be  called  together  to 
consider  the  subject  in  the  light  of  the  new  developments.  "  The 
proposition  from  the  Delegates  of  Virginia  to  declare  the  Col- 
onies independent,"  they  declared,  "  was  yesterday  after  much 


344  MARYLAND   HISTOEICAL,    MAGAZINE. 

Debate  postponed  for  three  weeks  then  to  be  resumed,  and  a  Com- 
mittee is  appointed  to  draw  up  a  Declaration  to  prevent  Loss  of 
time  in  case  the  Congress  should  agree  to  the  Proposition  at  the 
day  fixed  for  resuming  it.  This  postpone  was  made  to  give  an 
opportunity  to  the  Delegates  from  those  Colonies,  which  had  not 
as  yet  given  Authority  to  adopt  this  decisive  measure,  to  consult 
their  constituents;  it  will  be  necessary  that  the  Convention  of 
Maryland  should  meet  as  soon  as  possible  to  give  the  explicit 
sense  of  the  Province  on  this  Point.  And  we  hope  you  v^ill  ao- 
c -^rdingly  exercise  your  Power  of  convening  them  at  such  Time 
as  you  think  the  members  can  be  brought  together.  We  wish  to 
have  the  fair  and  uninfluenced  sense  of  the  People  we  have  the 
Honour  to  represent  in  this  most  important  and  interesting  affair 
and  that  it  would  be  well  if  the  Delegates  to  Convention  were 
desired  to  endeavour  to  collect  the  opinion  of  the  people  at  large 
in  some  manner  or  other  previous  to  the  meeting  of  Convention. 
We  shall  attend  the  Convention  whenever  it  meets  if  it  is  thought 
proper  we  should  do  so.  The  approaching  Harvest  will  perhaps 
render  it  very  inconvenient  to  many  Gentlemen  to  attend  the 
Convention.  This  however  must  not  be  regarded  when  matters 
of  such  momentous  Concern  demand  their  deliberation."  *■*■ 

This  communication  from  the  Marydand  representatives  reach- 
ing Annapolis  on  the  morning  of  June  14,  the  Council  on  the 
same  day  replied  as  follows :  "  We  have  already  complied  with 
almost  every  thing  you  request*^,  and  we  wish  we  had  time  to 
collect  the  fair  and  uninfluenced  sense  of  our  people  on  the  most 
important  point  of  Independence  before  the  meeting  of  the  Con- 
vention ;  but  as  the  assembling  of  that  body  is  already  fixed  on 
the  20th  of  this  month,  it  will  be  impossible  to  make  the  neces- 
sary enquiry  before  that  time.  We  presume  the  first  business  of 
the  Convention  will  be  regulating  the  movement  of  the  militia, 
ajid  that  if  necessary  in  the  mean  time  the  several  committees  of 
observation  may  be  directed  fairly  to  collect  the  sense  of  the 
Province  on  the  subject  of  Independence,  and  make  report 
thereof  to  the  Convention.  Any  mode  their  Representatives  may 
think  proper  to  point  out  would  be  better  relished  by  the  people. 

"  XI  Maryland  Archives,  478. 


THE  LIFE   OF   THOMAS   JOHNSON.  345 

than  for  us  to  put  them  into  a  violent  ferment  in  a  way  that 
might  not  be  approved  of — 'tis  a  point  of  great  magnitude,  and 
we  think  it's  best,  the  shortness  of  time  considered,  to  leave  it 
untouched  until  the  meeting  of  the  Convention  on  thursday  next. 
M^  Paca  no  doubt  is  with  you  before  now,  Mess^^  Johnson  and 
Goldsborough  still  with  their  families  we  hear — we  wish  to  have 
you  all  down  when  the  grand  question  is  decided,  we  leave  it 
however  to  yourselves  to  judge  whether  you  can  be  spared  from 
Congress,  and  hope  whatever  is  done  will  be  generally  agreed 
to."  42 

Mr.  Paca  had,  in  fact,  arrived  in  Philadelphia  by  that  time ; 
and  Matthew  Tilghman  had  left  in  order  to  attend  the  Conven- 
tion at  Annapolis. 

When  the  deputies  assembled  on  Friday,  June  21,  Tilghman, 
Johnson,  Chase  and  Goldsborough  were  among  those  present. 
Mr.  Tilghman  was  elected  to  the  Chair. 

After  the  organization  had  been  effected,  a  letter  was  read 
from  the  President  of  Congress,  containing  resolutions  of  the 
1st,  3d  and  4th  of  June.  The  communication  was  ordered  to  be 
referred  to  a,  committee  "  to  report  their  opinion  thereon."  *^ 
Johnson,  HoUyday,  Chase,  Goldsborough  and  Plater  were  elected 
by  ballot  a  committee  for  that  purpose.  On  the  3d  of  June,  Con- 
gress had  recommended  the  raising  of  a  Plying  Camp — troops 
ready  for  rapid  movement  from  place  to  place — and  the  Mary- 
land Convention  on  the  27th  of  June  accepted  the  challenge  by 
deciding  to  furnish  Maryland's  quota  of  3,400. 

After  the  adoption  of  this  resolution,  the  deputies  agreed  that 
Brigadier-General  Johnson  should  take  command  of  the  troops. 
Pollowing  is  the  official  minute  of  his  selection  :^ 

"  The  convention  proceeded  to  the  election  of  officers  for  the 
militia  to  be  raised  for  the  flying  camp. 

"  Mr.  Thomas  Johnson,  jr.,  was  elected  brigadier-general  to 
command  the  said  militia." 

The  time  had  now,  at  last,  arrived  when  the  Maryland  states- 

*^  XI  Maryland  Archives,  490. 
^Proceedings  of  Conventions,  166. 
**  Proceedings  of  Conventions,  174. 


346  MARYLAND    HISTOKICAL    MAGAZINE. 

men  realized  that  if  they  held  back  thej  would  be  practically 
alone  in  their  opposition  to  Independence.  Accordingly,  on  the 
28th  of  June,  1776,  the  Convention  completely  reversed  its  stand 
in  this  connection.  Unanimously  the  deputies  resolved:*^ 
"  That  the  instructions  given  by  the  Convention  of  December  last 
(and  renewed  by  the  Convention  in  May)  to  the  deputies  of  this 
Colony  in  Congress,  be  recalled,  and  the  restrictions  therein  con- 
tained removed;  that  the  deputies  of  this  Colony  attending  in 
Congress,  or  a  majority  of  them,  or  any  three  or  more  of  them, 
be  authorized  and  emjDowered  to  concur  with  the  other  United 
Colonies,  or  a  majority  of  them  in  declaring  the  United  Colonies 
free  and  independent  States,  in  forming  such  further  compact 
and  confederation  between  them,  in  making  foreign  alliances, 
and  in  adopting  such  other  measures  as  shall  be  adjudged  neces- 
sary for  securing  the  liberties  of  America,  and  this  Colony  will 
hold  itself  bound  by  the  resolutions  of  a  majority  of  the  United 
Colonies  in  the  premises :  provided,  the  sole  and  exclusive  right 
of  regulating  the  internal  government  and  police  of  this  Colony 
be  reserved  to  the  people  thereof." 

As  Maryland's  vote  in  favor  of  Independence  was  now  assured, 
Brigadier-General  Johnson  decided  not  to  return  to  Philadelphia 
immediately  while  his  duties  were  growing  so  rapidly  at  Annap- 
olis. As  late  as  June  29,  for  example,  he  was  made  chairman  of 
another  committee  "  to  examine  the  accounts  of  the  supervisors 
of  salt-petre  works  and  report  thereon." 

To  serve  simultaneously  in  Convention  and  Congress  seems 
not  to  have  been  a  disadvantage,  but  to  serve  both  in  civil  and 
military  capacity  at  the  same  time  was  regarded  by  many  as  very 
objectionable.  It  seems  that  a  resolution  had  slipped  through 
on  the  25th  of  June  "  making  all  militia  officers  ineligible  to  any 
future  convention."  A  fight  broke  out  on  the  first  day  of  July 
to  repeal  this  provision.  General  Johnson,  although  personally 
affected,  did  not  hesitate  to  show  his  hand.  He  voted  to  repeal. 
Among  others  who  voted  with  him  were  Charles  Carroll  of  Car- 
rollton  and  Charles  Carroll,  barrister.  Chase  desired  the  reso- 
lution to  stand.    A  division  was  called,  and  it  was  found  that  the 

^  Proceedings  of  Conventions,  176. 


THE   LIFE   OF   THOMAS   JOHNSON.  347 

Johnson  faction  liad  succeeded  in  rescinding  the  resolution  by  a 
vote  of  34  to  24.  The  Chase  forces  were  still  dissatisfied.  They 
put  the  question  in  a  slightly  different  form  by  moving  that  if 
any  field  ofiicer  of  the  militia  should  be  elected  a  member  of  the 
next  convention  his  commission  should  thereupon  become  void. 
The  two  Carrolls  again  supported  General  Johnson.  The  motion 
was  defeated — but  by  the  narrower  margin  of  30  to  28. 

And  still  Johnson's  committee  assignments  continued.  On 
the  2d  of  July,  he  was  selected  (along  with  HoUyday,  Chase, 
Goldsborough  and  Carroll,  barrister)  to  consider  a  set  of  resolu- 
tions received  from  the  Virginia  Convention. 

Meanwhile,  on  the  1st  of  July,  the  question  of  Independence 
appeared  again  in  the  hall  of  Congress,  following  the  polished 
report  of  Thomas  Jefferson  of  Virginia.  The  formal  Declaration 
was  debated  with  great  spirit  on  the  3d,  when  it  became  evident 
that  the  work  of  the  committee  would  be  accepted.  On  the  morn- 
ing of  the  4th,  the  discussion  was  resumed  and  that  afternoon  at 
2  o'clock  the  immortal  Declaration  of  American  Independence 
was  adopted  unanimously.  It  proclaimed  that  all  men  are  cre- 
ated equal ;  that  all  have  a  natural  right  to  liberty  and  the  pur- 
suit of  happiness ;  that  human  governments  are  instituted  for  the 
sole  purpose  of  securing  the  welfare  of  the  people;  that  the 
people  have  a  natural  right  to  alter  their  government  whenever 
it  becomes  destructive  of  liberty ;  that  the  despotism  of  George 
III  and  his  ministers  had  become  destructive  of  liberty;  that 
time  and  again  the  Colonies  had  humbly  petitioned  for  a  redress 
of  grievances;  that  these  petitions  had  all  been  spurned  with 
derision  and  contempt ;  that  the  King's  irrational  tyranny  over 
the  American  subjects  could  no  longer  be  endured ;  that  war  was 
preferable  to  slavery ;  and  that,  therefore,  the  United  Colonies  of 
America  are,  and  of  right  ought  to  be,  free  and  independent 
States. 

The  crowds  that  thronged  the  streets  of  Philadelphia  answered 
the  signal  from  the  belfry  of  the  State  House  with  shouts  of 
exultation.  Couriers  bore  the  glad  tidings  throughout  the  land. 
But  before  the  tidings  had  reached  Annapolis,  the  Convention 


348  MAEYLAND   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

on  Saturday  morning,  July  6,  adopted  the  Declaration  of  the 
Delegates  of  Maryland,  unequivocally  asserting  the  independ- 
ence of  Maryland  from  the  British  Crown.  In  this  paper  *^  the 
members  of  the  Convention,  after  referring  to  the  unjust  acts  of 
Parliament,  declared : 

"  A  war  unjustly  commenced  hath  been  prosecuted  against  the 
United  Colonies  with  cruelty,  outrageous  violence,  and  perfidy ; 
slaves,  savages,  and  foreign  mercenaries  have  been  meanly  hired 
to  rob  a  people  of  their  property,  liberties  and  lives ;  .  .  .  . 
their  humble  and  dutiful  petitions  for  peace,  liberty  and  safety, 
have  been  rejected  with  scorn.     .     . 

"  Compelled  by  dire  necessity,  either  to  surrender  our  proper- 
ties, liberties  and  lives,  into  the  hands  of  a  British  king  and 
parliament,  or  to  use  such  means  as  will  most  probably  secure  to 
us  and  our  posterity  those  invaluable  blessings, 

"  We,  the  delegates  of  Maryland,  in  convention  assembled,  do 
declare  that  the  king  of  Great  Britain  has  violated  his  compact 
with  this  people,  and  that  they  owe  no  allegiance  to  him." 

"  For  the  truth  of  these  assertions,"  they  said  in  conclusion, 
"  we  appeal  to  that  Almighty  Being  who  is  emphatically  styled 
the  searcher  of  hearts,  and  from  whose  omniscience  nothing  is 
concealed.  Belying  on  his  divine  protection  and  affiance,  and 
trusting  to  the  justice  of  our  cause,  we  exort  and  conjure  every 
virtuous  citizen  to  join  cordially  in  defence  of  our  common 
rights,  and  in  maintainance  of  the  freedom  of  this  and  her  sister 
colonies."  Maryland  had  long  been  hackward,  due  to  her 
supreme  desire  to  effect  an  honorable  reconciliation  with  the 
Mother  Country ;  but  this  paper,  promulgated  before  the  echoes 
of  the  Liberty  Bell  had  reached  Annapolis,  is  one  of  the  most 
memorable  documents  in  the  archives  of  the  State. 

On  account  of  the  force  of  circumstances,  Thomas  Johnson 
did  not  have  the  opportunity  of  voting  for  the  Declaration  of 
Independence  at  Philadelphia ;  but  the  part  he  played  in  secur- 
ing the  adoption  of  the  Declaration  at  Annapolis  show  that  he, 

^^Proceedings  of  Conventions,  201. 


THE  LIFE   OF   THOMAS   JOHNSON.  349 

like  Jay  and  Dickinson,  to  use  the  words  of  John  Adams,  "  would 
have  concurred  in  that  vote  when  it  was  taken,  if  he  had  been 
there." 

On  the  glorious  dth  of  July,  1776,  Thomas  Johnson  was  de- 
voting his  time  to  oflficial  duties  at  Annapolis.  That  he  was 
attending  the  Maryland  Convention  on  that  day  is  shown  by  a 
roll-call  included  in  the  proceedings  of  the  session.*'^  The  ques- 
tion concerned  the  change  of  per  diem  of  14  shillings  to  each 
member  of  the  Convention  to  10  shillings  and  reasonable  "  itin- 
erant charges."  General  Johnson  voted  against  the  change. 
Mr.  Chase  and  the  two  CarroUs  also  voted  in  the  negative.  The 
motion  was  defeated. 

Just  before  this  question  was  put,  the  Convention  proceeded 
to  ballot  for  deputies  to  represent  Maryland  in  Congress.  Tilgh- 
man,  Johnson,  Paca,  Chase,  Stone,  Charles  Carroll  of  CarroUton 
and  Alexander  were  duly  elected  for  that  purpose. 

It  was  at  this  point  that  the  Convention  recommended  that 
Mr.  Johnson  should  serve  as  a  member  of  Congress  rather  than 
as  commander  of  the  Maryland  Flying  Camp.  This  action  was 
taken  in  the  following  resolutions :  *^ 

"  Resolved,  That  the  honorable  Matthew  Tilghman,  esq.,  and 
Thomas  Johnson,  jr.,  William  Paca,  Samuel  Chase,  Thomas 
Stone,  Charles  Carroll  of  CarroUton,  and  Kobert  Alexander, 
esqrs.,  or  a  majority  of  them,  or  any  three  or  more  of  them,  be 
deputies  to  represent  this  colony  in  congress,  in  as  full  and  ample 
manner  as  the  deputies  of  this  congress  might  have  done  under 
any  appointment  heretofore  made,  until  the  next  convention 
shall  make  further  order  therein. 

"  Thereupon  the  convention  considering  the  said  Thomas 
Johnson,  esq.,  cannot  discharge  the  duty  of  brigadier  of  the 
forces  to  be  raised  in  this  province  in  consequence  of  the  resolves 
of  congress  of  the  third  day  of  June  last,  to  which  command  the 
convention,  from  a  confidence  in  his  capacity  and  abilities  to  fill 
the  same  with  advantage  to  the  public  cause,  and  honor  to  him- 

"  Proceedings  of  Conventions,  190. 
**  Proceedings  of  Conventions,  189. 


350  MARYLAND   HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

self,  bad  appointed  him,  and  also  execute  the  trust  reposed  in 
him  as  a  deputy  in  congress  for  this  province;  and  being  of 
opinion,  that  it  is  of  very  great  importance  to  the  welfare  of  this 
province,  that  it  should  not  be  deprived  of  the  advice  and  assist- 
ance of  the  said  Thomas  Johnson  in  the  public  councils  of  the 
united  colonies,  and  that  his  place  can  be  supplied  with  less  in- 
convenience in  the  military  than  in  the  civil  department,  there- 
fore. Resolved,  That  a  brigadier-general  be  elected  by  ballot  in 
the  room  of  the  said  Thomas  Johnson,  esquire. 

"  The  convention  then  proceeded  to  elect  a  brigadier-general 
in  the  room  of  Thomas  Johnson,  esqr.,  and  John  Dent,  esqr.,  wad 
elected  by  ballot  to  that  office." 

Despite  the  Convention's  action  on  July  4,  selecting  Mr.  Dent 
leader  of  the  Flying  Camp,  Mr.  Johnson  retained  his  commis- 
sion as  Brigadier-General.  Indeed,  as  we  shall  see.  Dent  was 
before  very  long  ousted  from  the  service  and  Johnson  assumed 
active  command  of  the  Maryland  Forces. 

The  session  of  the  Convention  was  largely  consumed  on  July 
5  by  Mr.  Chase,  aided  by  Barrister  Carroll,  in  an  attempt  to 
stop  the  running  of  interest  during  the  war.  A  number  of  mo- 
tions were  offered,  but  each  time  Mr.  Johnson  and  Mr.  Carroll 
of  Carrollton  voiced  opposition.  All  of  the  motions  were  defeated 
overwhelmingly. 

After  the  Convention  declared  Maryland's  Independence,  the 
deputies  dispersed.  Mr.  Carroll  of  Carrollton  and  Mr.  Chase 
left  soon  after  for  Philadelphia  and  won  immortal  distinction 
by  signing — together  with  Stone  and  Paca — the  American 
Declaration. 

Once  more  Fate  snatched  laurels  from  the  brow  of  Johnson. 
Although  authorized  to  return  to  Congress — and,  indeed,  relieved 
of  the  command  of  the  Flying  Camp  for  that  express  purpose — 
Johnson  felt  that  it  was  his  duty  to  remain  for  a  while  in  Mary- 
land to  assist  with  recruiting.  He  felt  that  his  services  would 
be  more  valuable  at  Frederick  Town,  in  the  important  work 
of  equipping  the  Flying  Camp,  than  at  Philadelphia. 

Thus,  at  the  time  that  Carroll  of  Carrollton  and  Chase  were. 


THE   LIFE   OF   THOMAS   JOHNSON.  351 

from  Philadelphia,  expressing  their  belief  that  the  militia  would 
"  come  in  fast  to  compose  the  Flying  Camp,"  the  harvest  being 
over,  and  the  hope  that  they  would  "  march  with  all  possible 
expedition."  ^^  Johnson  was  finding  from  personal  experience 
that  the  job  of  recruiting,  drilling  and  equipping  was  infinitely 
more  difiicult  than  any  one,  unacquainted  with  the  conditions, 
could  appreciate.  Two  wrecks  after  the  day  of  Independence, 
General  Johnson,  hearing  that  British  ships  had  appeared  in  the 
Potomac,  sent  the  following  letter  to  the  Council  of  Safety  ex- 
plaining the  situation  in  Western  Maryland :  ^ 

[Gen.  Johnson  to  the  Council  of  Safety]  ; 

Fred.  Town 

22"*^  July  1776. 
Gent. 

In  conversation  with  M^'  Ringgold  as  he  past  through  he  told 
me  that  Genl  Dent  was  collecting  the  Militia  below  to  attack 
Lord  Dunmore.  I  am  apprehensive  they  will  want  arms,  for  the 
purpose  and  that  a  good  many  of  the  men  notwithstanding  their 
Desire  to  go  on  the  serv^ice  may  reluctantly  leave  their  own 
neighbourhoods  unhappily  full  of  negroes  who  might  it  is  likely 
on  any  misfortune  to  our  militia,  become  very  dangerous.  I 
have  spoke  with  several  here  and  it  seems  to  be  a  general  sentim* 
that  we  ought  to  assist  &  I  believe  though  our  Exertions  are 
already  as  great  as  we  can  well  make  that  for  a  short  Expedition 
on  this  very  interesting  occasion  we  might  soon  collect  a  Battalion 
and  borrow  the  Arms  which  would  be  wanting.  If  you  who  are 
acquainted  with  all  circumstances  think  it  necessary  to  have  men 
from  hence  I  shall  most  gladly  execute  any  orders  you  may  think 
proper  to  give  for  that  purpose. 

M^  Ringgold  gave  me  your  letter  for  my  Brother  James  our 
furnace  is  not  now  in  Blast.  I  went  out  to  him  as  soon  as  I  got 
the  Letter.    "We  have  now  by  us  a  few  potts  of  about  the  size  yon 

"XII  Maryland  Archives,  130. 
^  XII  Maryland  Archives,  92. 

3 


352  MAEYLAND   HISTOEICAL    MAGAZINE. 

describe,  a  few  Kettles  &  a  few  Dutch  ovens  of  much,  the  same 
contents,  the  covers  we  could  lay  by  and  of  all  sorts,  make  up 
perhaps  60  or  upwards.  We  shall  have  Bales  made  to  them,  and 
unless  you  have  an  opportunity  of  supplying  the  men  with  others 
more  to  your  satisfaction,  send  them  to  Bait  as  soon  as  we  can : 
the  prices  must  depend  on  their  sizes  and  the  whole  shall  be  so 
reasonable  as  to  give  Satisfaction.  But  if  you  can  be  better  pro- 
vided please  to  advise  me  of  it.  My  Brother  is  getting  his  fur- 
nace into  Blast  with  all  Diligence  and  hopes  to  effect  it  within 
a  fortnight.  You  may  then  have  any  number  of  pots  and  Ket- 
tles that  you  please  within  a  short  time.  We  shall  also  attempt 
to  cast  such  guns  as  are  wanted  but  cannot  contract  for  them  in 
all  Events  because  the  metal  may  not  suit,  though  we  have  every 
Reason  to  expect  it  will.  If  we  succeed  in  making  good  Guns 
the  Public  may  have  them  del*^  at  Baltimore  at  40  £  a  Ton  the 
Guns  being  proved  at  the  works  at  the  public  Expense,  the  swivels 
at  their  common  price,  but  I  should  be  glad  if  you  would  ascer- 
tain the  length  &  other  Descriptions  as  the  make  of  cannon  car- 
rying the  same  shot  vary  very  much.  If  any  Body  also  will  con- 
tract for  a  Certainty,  I  wish  he  should  be  preferred  even  at  a 
greater  price. 

I  am  Gen*  with  great  respect 

Your  very  obed*  Serv' 

Th.  Johnson,  Jun^ 

It  appears  from  this  letter  that  Brig.-Gen.  Johnson  gave  his 
time  unstintingly  to  the  myriad  of  details  in  the  Military  De- 
partment. That  he  also  kept  in  close  touch  with  the  officers  and 
men  of  the  various  companies  is  likewise  indicated  by  a  letter  ho 
sent  on  the  following  day  to  the  Council.  A  lieutenant  in  Cap- 
tain ITardman's  Company  of  Militia  had  been  transferred  by  the 
Committee  to  the  "  Company  of  Riflemen  now  raising  in  this 
County,"  and  General  Johnson  recommended  "  one  Mr.  Morris," 
who  had  been  serving  under  Captain  Hardman  temporarily,  to 
fill  the  vacancy  with  a  permanent  commission.     "  Morris  is  a 


THE  LIFE   OF   THOMAS   JOHNSON.  353 

tine  lively  young  fellow,"  Gen.  Johnson  wrote,  "  kas  been  very 
serviceable  in  raising  the  men  and  I  think,  from  what  I  hear  of 
him,  will  make  a  good  officer."  ^■'■ 

The  Council  of  Safety  expressed  to  General  Johnson  great 
satisfaction  that  the  Militia  of  Frederick  County  were  "  so  ready 
to  turn  out  on  the  present  occasion,"  but  declared  that  their  serv- 
ices were  not  immediately  required.  "  For  altho'  there  are  many 
of  the  Enemy's  ships  in  Potowmack,"  said  the  Council,  "  yet 
there  are  but  few  men  in  them ;  those  sickley  and  die  fast." 

In  reply  to  Johnson's  inquiries  concerning  supplies,  the  Coun- 
cil said :  "  We  have  already  contracted  for  a  large  number  of 
Camp  Kettles  of  Iron  and  Copper,  and  expect  to  procure  some 
of  Tin.  If  your  brother's  Iron  is  suitable  for  casting  Guns  we 
could  contract  with  you  for  50  three-pounders,  50  four-pounders, 
and  75  Swivels  to  carry  one-pound  Ball.  Captain  Nicholson 
informs  us  that  the  length  of  the  Swivels  is  not  material,  and 
three  and  four-pounders  ought  to  be  somewhat  shorter  than  the 
common  standard." 

"  Should  we  find  it  necessary,"  Johnson  was  assured,  "  we 
will  hereafter  give  orders  for  the  march  of  a  Battalion  from 
Frederick  County." 

These  were  the  circumstances  under  which  Mr.  Johnson — 
notwithstanding  the  recommendations  of  the  Convention — felt 
constrained,  during  the  hot  summer  months  of  1YT6,  to  remain 
in  charge  of  military  operations  in  Western  Maryland  rather 
than  to  return  to  Philadelphia.  On  account  of  his  devotion  to 
duty,  he  prevented  himself  from  signing  the  Declaration  of 
Independence.  And  that  is  one  of  the  reasons  why  the  ablest 
and  most  influential  member  of  Congress  from  Maryland  during 
the  days  of  the  Revolution,  the  beloved  friend  of  Washington, 
and  an  idol  of  the  people,  has  been  deprived  of  a  high  place 
of  distinction  among  the  patriots  of  American  history. 

{To  he  continued) 


"  XII  Maryland  Archives,  108. 


354  iNfARTLAJJ^D   HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 


UNPUBLISHED  PROVINCIAL  RECORDS 


In  the  spring  of  1921,  Maggs  Brothers,  of  London,  advertised 
in  one  of  their  catalogues  several  manuscripts  relating  to  the 
Provincial  History  of  Maryland.  These  were  bought  and  sent  to 
Baltimore  and  have  proved  to  be  of  considerable  interest.  Part 
of  them  are  printed  in  this  number  and  the  remainder,  so  far  as 
they  are  uiiipublished,  will  later  appear  in  the  pages  of  this  Maga- 
zine. During  the  period  covered  by  these  papers,  1707  to  1709, 
John  Seymour  was  Governor  of  the  Province,  which  was  under 
direct  royal  rule,  as  the  Proprietary  had  been  deprived  of  his  juris- 
diction over  fifteen  years  previouf5ly.  The  letters  which  Governor 
Seymour  sent  to  his  official  superior  in  England  are  full  and  con- 
fidential and  throw  additional  light  upon  the  matters  treated  in 
volumes  25  and  27  of  the  Archives  of  Maryland.  Journals  of  the 
Committee  of  Accounts  were  not  usually  included  in  the  Proceed- 
ings of  the  General  Assembly  and  very  few^  of  them  have  been 
preserved.  They  are  valuable  to  the  student  of  Maryland  financial 
history,  as  showing  the  detailed  expenditures  of  the  Government. 

[Endorsed  G  March  1706/7  'MarYland.] 

Rt.  Honble.  S^ 

I  have  received  Her  Ma^^^  Royall  Comand  you  were  pleased 
to  Signifie  to  me  on  y^  18*^  of  Feb^'y  1705/6,  that  I  should 
admitt  Such  Shipps  (which  could  not,  by  reason  of  their  come- 
ing  home  late,  arive  here  tymely  to  save  y^  Convoy)  to  sayle  as 
soone  as  laden  without  a  Convoy ;  unless  one  should  happen  in 
Some  Shorte  tyme.  And  have  accordingly  given  the  needful! 
Directions  to  the  Severall  Officers  of  the  Customes  in  the 
respective  Ports  of  this  her  Ma^^y^  Province,  to  cleare  those 
Shipps  as  soone  as  they  can  be  gott  ready,  &  that  they  do  not 
hold  them  under  any  Embargoe;  unless  Such  Convoy  should 
happen. 

S'"  I  am  likewise  to  acknowledge  the  Receipt  of  your  Hono*"^ 
Letter  of  the  16*^  of  May  1706  (which  came  not  to  hand  untill 
ye  4th  Qf  Jij'oyember)  confirming  the  wellcome  news  of  the 
Glorious  Victorye  gained  by  her  Ma*y  and  the  Forces  of  Her 


UNPUBLISHED  PROVINCIAL  RECORDS.  355 

Allies,  under  the  Comand  of  His  Grace  the  Victorious  Duke 
of  Marleborrough  over  y^  French  &  Bavarians:  Whereupon 
pursuant  to  her  Ma*y^  Comands,  Wee  had  a  Solemne  Day  of 
Thanksgiving  sett  aparte,  &  renew'd  our  Rejoicings  on  that 
happy  Occasion  in  the  best  manner  Wee  were  capable:  And 
by  this  means  all  her  Ma^y^  good  Subjects  here  were  made 
throughly  Sencible  of  the  greate  Success  with  which  it  has 
pleas'd  Allmighty  God  to  bless  her  Ma*y'^  &  Her  Confederates ; 
But  having  no  Comerce  with  Jamaica  or  the  Spanish  Settle- 
ments am  not  able  to  acquaint  them  therewith;  But  whenever 
I  have  any  Opportunity,  You  may  be  assured  of  my  ready 
Obedience,  Who  am  with  all  the  Just  Reguards  in  the  World 
to  your  Comands  R*  Hon^^'®  S^ 

Y^"  truly  obedient  faithfuU  humble  Serv* 

Jo:  Seymour 
Maryland  March  y^  6*^  1706/7 


[Endorsed  Maryland  Coll^  Seymour  (Undated).] 
My  Lord 

Having  long  impatiently  expected  the  Two  Men  of  Warr  our 
London  Merchants  Advised  were  ready  at  Portsm<*  in  Aprill 
last  to  fetch  home  their  Shipps  here  and  there  being  now  no 
certainty  when  they  may  Arrive ;  am  obliged  least  Your  Lord- 
shipp  should  impute  it  as  A  neglect  of  my  duty  to  Transmitt 
the  Laws  and  Journalls  of  the  last  Assembly  to  Coll^  Blackiston 
by  this  uncertaine  conveyance  in  order  to  Attend  Your  Lordp 
with  them;  that  your  Good  Lordshipp  may  lay  'em  before  her 
Sacred  Majesty  but  my  present  indisposition  utterly  disables 
me  from  making  remarq's  on  each  Law  and  therefore  hope 
your  LordP^  goodness  will  put  A  favourable  construction  on 
that  Omission.  And  if  any  sort  of  Party  grumble  at  any 
perticular  Law  Your  Lordshipp  will  Graciously  suspend  Your 
Judgment;  till  my  reasons  are  heard  &  discussed;  what  occa- 
sions brought  About  such  or  such  A  Law  which  with  all  Sub- 
mission I  shall  lay  before  your  Lordshipp ;  and  ever  rest  sattis- 
fied  with  her  Gracious  Majestys  Determination. 


356  MARYLAND   HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

My  Lord.  The  first  Men  of  Warr  tHat  toucli  here  shall 
bring  the  Duplicates  &c  being  with  all  Imaginable  Duty  & 
respect  My  Lord 

y  Lordshipps  Most  obedient  faithfull  humble  Serv* 

Jo:  Seymour 


[Endorsed  Maryland  13  Oct.  1707  Coll^  Seymour] 

My  Lord 

Though  I  troubled  Your  Lordship  the  beginning  of  the  last 
month,  and  sent  the  Laws  and  Journalls  of  our  last  Session  of 
Assembly ;  I  thought  it  my  Duty  again  to  acquaint  Your  Lordp : 
I  had  so  done  least  I  might  ly  under  any  Censure  of  Neglect ; 
that  my  former  Letter,  as  well  as  this,  going  by  a  single 
Stragling  Ship,  without  Convoy;  so  that  I  can  have  noe  very 
great  Assurance  of  their  kissing  Yo^  Lordps.  hands. 

My  Lord,  tho  there  have  been  many  Shipps  have  brought 
her  Ma^y^  Lres.  of  Lycence  to  Sayle  at  Pleasure  when  laden 
without  attending  for  Convoy,  which  I  have  obeyed.  Severall 
others  (of  which  I  think  it  proper  to  acquaint  Your  Lordp:) 
have  traded  here  without  such  Letters,  having  Assurances  and 
Advice  from  their  Owners,  they  had  procured  two  Menn  of 
Warr  to  fetch  them  home;  But  having  attended  Severall 
months,  and  the  Winter  drawing  on,  and  no  certainty  of  their 
Arrivall:  I  sent  to  Virginia  to  know  how  they  disposed  of  the 
Trade  there,  in  the  like  Circumstances,  and  being  Assured  the 
President  and  Councill  there,  had  determined  to  Suffer  them 
to  Sayle,  unless  a  Convoy  should  arive  by  the  15*^^  Instant, 
Upon  the  Urgent  Sollicitation  of  the  Merchants  Masters  and 
Freighters  here  Setting  forth  that  their  Shipps  wintering  in 
the  Country  would  ruine  their  Voyages;  and  render  them 
incapable  of  returning  to  fetch  the  next  Cropp,  which  would 
be  very  detrimentall  to  her  Ma^^y''^  Revenue  of  Customes,  and 
that  most  of  them  belonging  to  the  Out-Ports,  intended  for  y® 
North  Channell,  By  the  Advice  of  her  Ma^y^  Hon^'l^  Councill 
here,  They  are  admitted  to  Sayle  with  the  Shipp  in  Virginia ; 
unless  a  Convoy  arives  by  the  fifteenth  Instant. 


UNPUBLISHED  PROVINCIAL  RECORDS.  357 

My  Lord.  Wee  still  contimie  a  Guarde  on  our  Magazine: 
And  tho'  Wee  have  apprehended  &  convicted  some  of  Eichard 
Clarks  Accomplices;  Yet  himself e  &  others  his  Associates  still 
keeping  out ;  give  us  not  the  least  Uneasiness ;  but  Your  Lordp. 
may  be  assured  I  shall  do  all  in  my  Power  to  keepe  this  her 
Ma*y^  Province  and  her  Subjects  therein  in  as  much  Peace  & 
security  as  may  be.  And  tho  some  other  Villains  have  com- 
itted  unheard  of  Barbaritys,  in  robbing  the  Indian  Monuments, 
I  have  taken  proper  Measures  to  putt  a  Stopp  to  their  Resent- 
ments; notwithstanding  our  Maryland  Jurors  will  never  con- 
vict any  of  their  Natives  for  y*'  worst  of  Crimes. 

My  Lord,  there  will  be  an  Absolute  IsTecessity  for  her  Ma*y^ 
determining  the  Bounds  of  Pensilvania  &  Maryland,  The  two 
Provinces  being  ready  to  cutt  throats  about  their  Lymitts; 
Yet  hope  I  have  at  present  put  a  Stopp  to  any  further  Breach 
untill  her  Ma*y^  pleasure  be  known  therein,  which  I  shall  be 
very  carefull  to  obey;  and  in  every  thing  wherein  her  Ma*y^ 
Service  is  concerned  or  Your  LordP^  Comands  direct  endeavour 
to  deserve  the  Continuance  of  your  LordP^  favour  and  pro- 
tection to  My  Lord 

Yo^  Lordps  most  Obedient  faithfull,  humble  Serv* 

Jo:  Seymour 

Maryland  Ocf  y^  13*^  1707 


[Endorsed  Maryland  23  June  1708   Coll.   Seymour.] 

My  Lord. 

Tho  I  have  long  waited  your  Lordships  Commands  I  have 
not  yet  been  so  happy  to  receive  any,  which  I  believe  is  occa- 
sioned by  the  Unhappy  loss  of  the  Chester  and  Ruby  Frigatts. 
I  some  time  since  presumed  to  congratulate  your  Ldships  Pro- 
motion to  the  High  and  Honorable  Station  of  her  Maj*^  Prin- 
cipall  Secretary  of  State  and  tooke  leave  to  acquaint  your  Lord- 
shipp  how  much  this  Province  for  two  Years  last  past  hath 
been  Embarrassed  by  the  Villainous  and  Trayterous  Practices 
of  Richard  Clarke  then  by  An  Act  of  our  Generall  Assembly 


358  MAEYLAND   HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

Outlawed  and  Attainted  of  High  Treason;  &  his  Accomplices 
since  which  the  said  Clarke  having  been  taken  and  Executed; 
the  Country  is  very  easy  and  in  great  Tranquility. 

Our  London  Fleet  under  the  Conduct  of  Comadore  Hunting- 
ton in  the  Guernsey  with  the  three  other  Men  of  Warr  are 
safe  Arriv'd,  but  as  Yet  I  have  not  the  Honour  of  any  direc- 
tions from  Your  Lordship  And  We  have  by  the  care  of  our 
Agent  Co*^  Blakiston  A  fresh  supply  of  Arms  and  Ammuni- 
tion so  that  there  is  now  in  our  Magazine  200  Musquetts  high 
Caliver  bore  100  Carabines  Snaphancee  100  Cutlasses  with 
broad  Deep  Blades;  200  Cartouch  boxes  and  belts^  110  half 
Barrells  of  Powder  56  each;  one  half  Barrell  of  Glaized  pow- 
der, £500  lead  one  half  in  Bullets  the  other  in  high  Swann 
Shott  24  Drums  and  120  Halberts  with  Twelve  Trumpetts 
being  one  for  each  County. 

Wliat  I  formerly  wrote  Your  Lordship  as  to  a  Guardship 
here,  I  thought  it  was  my  duty;  this  Coast  for  some  Years 
past  having  been  continually  infested  by  the  Martineco  Priva- 
tiers  and  many  of  our  Merchant  Shipps  to  the  detriment  of 
their  owners  &  great  Diminution  of  her  Maj*'^  Customs  having 
been  snapt  even  at  the  Capes  Mouth,  A  Thing  not  heard  of 
before  since  the  last  Dutch  Warr. 

The  Province  having  formerly  Addressed  her  Maj^y®  that 
she  would  be  pleased  to  direct  the  Proprietors  of  Maryland  & 
Pensilvania  to  runn  out  their  J^orthern  boundarys  for  the 
quieting  the  !New  Settlements  there ;  are  now  growne  so  trouble- 
some that  they  are  every  day  ready  to  cut  Throats  about  it; 
I  hope  her  Majesty  will  be  pleased  to  give  speedy  direction  to 
have  it  done,  for  the  Quiett  and  ease  of  those  people. 

Thoi  I  have  made  my  Application  to  your  Lordshipp ;  the 
Admiralty;  and  the  R*  Honoble  the  Lords  of  Trade  &  Plan- 
tations ;  I  cann  never  get  my  Letters  from  the  Men  of  Warr  in 
any  reasonable  time  after  their  Arrivall ;  which  I  am  Ashamed 
to  Complaine  of  so  often ;  but  hope  your  Lordship  will  Excuse 
me  not  being  able  to  answer  letters  in  time,  which  come  to  me 
so  odly,  Who  am  as  willing  as  ready  and  as  obedient  as  any 


UNPUBLISHED  PROVINCIAL  RECORDS.  359 

'Gentleman  in  my  Rank  to  obey  the  orders  of  my  Superiours 
and  will  ever  be  as  Carefull  of  her  Majestys  Service  and  pay 
the  Strictest  Reguards  due  to  your  Lordshipp ;  from  My  Lord 
Yo^  Lordships 

Dntifnll  obedient  Humb.  Serv* 

Jo:  Seymour 
Maryland  June  23^  1708 


[Endorsed  "  Coll«  Seymour's  Lre  6  Sept.  1708  "] 

My  Lord 

Since  my  Duty,  and  Your  LordP^  High  Station  lay  me  under 
-an  indispensable  Necessity  of  troubling  Your  Lordship,  with 
a  continued  Correspondence,  I  begg  you  will  at  all  tymes  accept 
it  in  the  best  Dress  &  Sence  I  mean  it,  and  give  me  leave  to 
informe  your  LordP  that,  by  the  Unhappy  Loss  of  the  Chester 
and  Ruby,  It  was  the  fourteenth  of  June  last  before  I  had  any 
Comands  to  proclayme  her  Ma^y  Queen  of  Create  Brittaine. 
Which  I  put  in  Execution  as  soone  as  received,  by  issuing  a 
Proclamation  to  the  severall  Countys  to  that  End,  And  at  this 
place  being  the  Seate  of  Government  on  the  18*^  of  July  having 
ordered  Severall  Troops  of  the  Militia  to  review,  and  invited 
y^  best  of  her  Ma*y^  Subjects  here  to  the  handsomest  Enter- 
tainment the  Country  would  admitt  me  to  make  them:  Wee 
proclaymed  Her  Sacred  Ma*y<^  Queen  of  Create  Brittaine,  the 
Act  of  Union  being  read  on  the  Court  House  Hill:  After 
which  Her  Ma*y®,  His  Royall  Highness,  and  many  other  good 
Loyall  healths  were  drancke ;  And  the  Gunns  on  our  Plattf orme 
as  well  as  those  of  the  Shipps  in  the  Seavern  River  here,  dis- 
charged to  the  Create  Joy  and  Pleasure  of  her  Ma^y^  Subjects. 

My  Lord  I  had  four  Severall  Letters  presented  to  me  under 
her  Ma*y^  Signett  and  Sign  Manuall,  countersignd  by  your 
Lordship  comanding  me  to  admitt  and  Sweare  of  her  Councill 
here,  four  Gentlemen,  to  witt.  Colonel  John  Contee,  M'"  Seth 
Biggs,  M'"  Samuel  Young  &  Colonel  Thomas  Greenfield; — 
Colonel  Contee  and  M^"  Samuel  Young  had  been  Sworne  Some 


360  MARYLAND   HISTORICAIi    MAGAZINE. 

little  tyme  before  for  want  of  a  Sufficient  Number  of  Counsel- 
lors, being  then  less  than  nine  And  on  tbe  sixteenth  of  Aug* 
Colonel  Greenfield  was  Sworne,  And  at  the  same  tyme  with  the 
Advice  of  the  fullest  Boarde  I  could  procure,  I  was  obliged  to 
Sweare  M^  Philip  Lynes;  whome  I  have  heretofore  menconed 
to  your  LordP  for  want  of  Counsellors,  Colonel  Contee,  and 
M^  Biggs  being  both  dead;  Since  her  Ma*y^  Appointment: 
And  Colonel  Francis  Jenkins,  who  is  now  president  at  y*^ 
Boarde  being  very  ancient,  often  indisposed,  and  residing  at 
So  vast  a  Distance,  to  witt,  the  extreamest  part  of  Somersett 
County  on  the  other  side  of  the  Bay,  that  I  can  never  get  him 
on  any  Emergency,  till  the  Councill  is  over. 

I  am  likewise  My  Lord  to  acknowledge  the  Receipt  of  her 
Ma^y^  Circular  Letter  of  the  30*^  of  December  1707  requiring 
the  Counsellors  in  the  Plantations  dilligently  to  attend  her 
Ma*y^  Service,  in  the  Severall  Councills  of  which  they  are 
Members  which  I  comunicated  to  her  Ma*y^  Councill  here,  and 
caus'd  it  to  be  recorded  in  the  Journall  of  their  Proceedings. 

Their  LordP^  of  Trade  and  Plantations  having  transmitted 
me  S^  Symon  Harcourt  her  Ma*y^  Attorny  Gen^^^  Reporte  con- 
cerning S'"  Thomas  Laurence  her  Ma*y^  Sec*y  of  this  Province 
his  Clayme  to  the  Ordinary  Lycenses  here,  with  her  Ma*y^  Order 
in  Councill  thereon :  I  have  layd  it  before  her  Ma*y^  Councill 
here:  And  Wee  have  Resolved  to  recomend  it  to  the  next 
Gen^^  Assembly  (which  is  to  Sitt  this  Month)  with  the  most 
pressing  Arguments  &  motives  we  can  use  to  persuade  them 
to  Comply  with  her  Ma^y^  Royall  Pleasure. 

And  to  Satisfye  their  LordP^  of  the  Board  of  Trade  how  ex- 
travagantly S''  Thomas  Laurence  has  estimated  the  Value  of 
those  Lycences,  which  He  asserts  to  be  worth  six  hundred 
pounds  Sterling  from  October  1703  to  Octob:  1707  according 
to  their  said  Lordships  Directions  have  caused  an  exact  Account 
to  be  taken  thereof  as  enclosed,  and  upon  the  truest  State  find 
they  do  not  much  exceed  one  third  of  S^  Thomas's  Computation. 

My  Lord,  I  have  by  this  Conveyance  on  boarde  her  Ma^^^ 
Ship  the  Guernsey  Comodore  Huntington  transmitted  Your 


UNPUBLISHED  PKOVINCIAL  KECORDS.  361 

Lordship  tlie  Severall  Journalls  of  the  Councill  &  Assembly  & 
being  Duplicates  of  what  I  sent  by  Cap*  Thomas  Carpenter  in 
the  Sussex;  &  wish  they  may  find  her  Ma^^^  Royall  Approba- 
tion and  your  Lordships  kind  Censure.  Observing  the  Roman 
Catholiques  in  this  Province  were  very  attentive  to  the  late 
design' d  Invasion  by  the  pretended  Prince  of  Wales  with  y^ 
Advice  of  y^  Councill  I  thought  it  might  not  be  amiss  to 
inquire  the  l^umber  of  them  in  the  Severall  Countys  that  I 
might  compute  their  Ability  in  Case  any  Misfortune  should 
befall  us ;  (which  God  forbid)  And  have  inclosed  the  said  List 
for  your  LordP^  Consideration,  for  I  am  satisfied  those  people 
have  an  illegall  Correspondence  Somewhere,  they  having  re- 
ported the  raising  of  the  siege  of  Thoulon  some  months  &  the 
Invasion  by  the  Pretender,  Severall  Weeks  before  Wee  could 
have  any  Intimation  thereof. 

My  Lord  It  might  still  continue  prejudiciall  to  her  Ma^y^ 
Service  Should  I  omitt  to  acquaint  Your  LordP  how  ill  the 
Trade  here  has  been  treated  in  respect  to  the  Incertainty  of 
y®  sayling  of  the  present  Convoy,  of  which  I  had  not  the  least 
Intimation  from  Comodore  Huntington  untill  the  latter  End 
of  August  and  then  was  forced  to  dispatch  a  Boate  and  hands 
to  Virginia  to  obteyne  that  Satisfaction;  And  altho  Captain 
Gore  in  her  Ma^^^  Ship  the  BristoU  has  layne  in  Puttuxent 
some  months  within  fifty  miles  of  this  Place,  I  have  neither 
seen  nor  heard  from  him. 

Being  obliged  by  my  Instructions  to  present  to  her  Ma^J"® 
fitt  persons  to  make  up  the  N'umber  of  her  Councill  here:  I 
humbly  presume  to  recomend  to  your  LordP  for  her  Ma^^^ 
Approbation  &  appointment  M'"  Philip  Lynes  Colonel  Thomas 
Addison,  M^"  John  Hall  &  Colonel  William  Whittington  Genti^ 
of  good  Reputation  Integrity  and  Ability,  there  being  at  pres- 
ent but  Eight  persons  resident  here  by  her  Ma*^®  appointed 
of  her  Councill,  and  begg  leave  to  subscribe  myselfe  as  I  truly 
am  with  all  dutifull  Reguarde  My  Lord 

Yo^  Lordships  most  obedient  humble  Serv* 

Jo:  Seymour 

Maryland  Sep*  6*^  1708 


362 


MABYLAND   HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 


P.    S. 

My  Lord  I  humbly  begg  your  LordP  will  be  pleased  to  pre- 
sent our  DutifuU  Address  to  her  Sacred  Ma^^^: 

[Enclosure] 

A  List  of  the  IS^umber  of  Papists  Inhabiting  within  the 
severall  Countys  of  this  Province  as  taken  by  the  respective 
Sheriffs  Annoq  Dni  1708  Viz*  * 


In 


Ann  Arundell  County 
Baltemore  County 
Calvert  County 
Prince  Georges  County 
Charles  County     - 
St  Maiy's  County 
Cecill  County 
Kent  County 
Queen  Anns  County 
Talbott   County     - 
Dorchester  County 
Somersett  County 


Total  is 


161 
53 

48 

248 

709 

1238 

49 

40 

179 

89 

79 

81 

2974 


[Endorsed  Mr.  Seymour's  letter  from  Maryland,  March 
10*^  1708/9,  with  2  lists  of  Negroes  Imported  into  that  Pro- 
vince, f] 

May  it  please  Your  Lordship. 

By  this  Opportunity  of  the  Ship  Catherine;  of  London,  a 
ship  of  good  Countenance,  I  have  herewith  transmitted  to  your 
Lordship  the  Laws  and  Journalls  of  our  last  Assembly,  by 
which  Your  Lordship  may  be  satisfied  I  have  not  faild  in  my 
Duty  of  laying  her  Ma^^^  Royall  Comands  before  the  Gen^^ 
Assembly,  and  endeavouring  to  enforce  them  with  all  the  Dili- 
gence &  Industry  I  was  capable  of;  Yet  they  have  once  more 


*  Printed  in  Archives,  v,  25j  258. 
t  Cf.  Archives,  xxv,  267. 


UNPUBLISHED  PROVINCIAL,  KECOEDS.  363 

refus'd  to  do  any  thing  therein,  further  than  to  address  Her 
Ma*y%  in  answer  to  S^  Thomas  Laurences  Complaint,  &  the 
Gauge  of  Tobacco  hh.^^. 

I  had  some  small  hopes  from  their  Address  to  Me  at  the 
opening  of  the  Sessions  that  they  would  have  had  a  greater 
Eeguarde  for  my  Advise  to  'em;  but  some  turbulent  Spiritts 
were  not  wanting  to  create  heats  and  Jealousyes  among  the 
Members  of  the  Lower  House,  so  that  it  was  with  greate  Diffi- 
culty they  agreed  to  revive  the  Act  for  Ordering  and  Regu- 
lating y®  Militia  of  this  Province,  for  the  better  Defence  & 
Security  thereof,  untill  the  End  of  the  next  Session  of  Assem- 
bly, as  they  have  done  the  Act  for  LjTuitation  of  Officers  fees, 
with  the  like  Reluctancye,  and  Lymitation  of  tyme,  willing  to 
render  the  Government  as  meane  as  may  be,  and  discourage  the 
Officers  to  Support  it ;  And  this  partly  to  satisfie  their  owne 
Envious  Tempers,  disatisfied  because  they  have  not  what  others 
better  deserve,  and  partly  being  instigated  by  a  restless  and 
pernicious  Crew,  Who  tho  they  enjoy  her  Ma*y*^^  Gracious  pro- 
tection, and  the  Comon  Ease  and  Benefitts  with  her  other 
Subjects,  are  the  declared  Enemy's  of  our  Church  &  State,  and 
the  busiest  at  the  Severall  Elections  in  y^  Countys  where  they 
reside,  to  gett  such  ignorant  and  obstinate  people  return'd,  who 
will  pursue  their  destructive  notions,  &  countenance  their 
illegall  Proceedings. 

There  are  three  things  in  this  Province,  which  make  the 
Governm*  very  uneasye. — The  Lord  Proprietor  and  his  Agents, 
and  a  great  many  of  his  and  their  Relations  being  Roman 
Catholiques,  and  constantly  providing  and  maynteyning  sev- 
erall busie  Jesuites.  The  Act  of  Assembly  for  the  Advancem* 
of  the  ISTatives  and  Residents  of  this  Province  And  the  Am- 
bition &  large  jurisdiction  of  the  County  Court  Justices.  The 
first  by  his  Lordships  favour  in  Lands  not  only  makes  a  con- 
siderable Interest  with  many  of  the  Inhabitants  and  Delegates, 
but  also  gaines  many  Proselites,  their  Priests  being  encour- 
aged and  Supported  on  all  Occasions,  so  that  One  of  them  had 
the  Confidence  to  tamper  with  one  of  my  Domestiques:  And 
when  they  are  checqu'd  for  these  Abuses,  the  Avhole  party  is  in 


364  MARYLAND   HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

a  flame,  and  ready  to  raise  a  considerable  Contribution  for 
their  Defence  and  Protection;  And,  with  the  extreamest  Spite 
and  Malice,  exclayme  against  the  Severity  as  they  terme  it 
of  her  Ma^y^  Instructions,  (which  indeede  would  be  none 
would  they  conteyne  themselves  in  any  reasonable  Bounds) 
and  often  are  heard  to  say  this  Province  was  favourably  cre- 
ated by  King  Charles  the  first  as  an  Assylum  for  them,  which 
it  would  not  be  unlike,  could  they  be  contented^  and  not  con- 
tinually give  Occasion  of  Scandall  and  Offence  to  the  Govern- 
ment, by  the  illegall  practices  of  their  Priests,  &  the  vain  glori- 
ous lyes  they  dayly  invent  and  disperse  to  lessen  the  Glory  of 
her  Ma*y^  and  her  Confederates  happy  successes. 

The  second  which  I  have  heretofore  represented  to  Your 
Lordship,  rendring  this  Province  unhappier  than  any  of  the 
rest  of  her  Ma^y^  Plantations,  by  imposing  so  greate  an  hard- 
ship on  her  free  Subjects  of  Greate  Brittain,  and  other  her 
Dominions;  that  they  shall  not  be  capable  of  having  or  enjoy- 
ing any  Office,  or  Place  of  Trust  here,  untill  they  have  been 
actually  resident  full  three  years:  This  discourages  all  ingeni- 
ous men  from  seeking  their  fortunes  in  Maryland,  And  in  the 
space  of  fourteen  Years,  there  are  scarce  fourteen  men  have 
undergone  that  tedious  Difficulty ;  so  that  the  Natives  who  are 
ignorant  and  raw  in  business,  and  naturally  prowde,  and  Ob- 
stinate, are  not  only  the  Representatives  in  the  Generall  Assem- 
bly, but  the  Justices  of  the  County  Courts,  And  by  the  name 
of  Country  borne,  distinguish  themselves  from  the  rest  of  her 
Ma*y^  Subjects,  and  run  into  greate  heats  and  Divisions ;  which 
may  be  of  ill  Consequence ;  for  as  they  know  little  of  the  Laws 
and  good  Manners  they  practice  less. 

Thirdly  many  of  the  County  Court  Justices  for  some  years 
last  past  being  returned  as  Delegates  to  the  Gen^^  Assembly 
On  all  Occasions  have  sought  to  corroborate  and  establish  their 
jurisdiction,  by  severall  Acts  of  Assembly  made  of  late  years, 
that  now  they  allmost  believe  themselves  independent  of  the 
Queen's  Governo^,  and  were  I  to  change  them  for  others,  there 
is  so  little  Choice,  the  Pemedye,  might  be  worse  than  the 
Disease. 


UNPUBLISHED  PROVINCIAL  EECORDS.  365 

These  Justices  especially  if  they  are  dealers,  which  every 
body  here  are  that  have  any  thing  before  hand,  not  only  coun- 
tenance their  Customers;  but  too  often  favour  one  the  other, 
^nd  would  have  all  things  under  their  jurisdiction  &  Admin- 
istration, tho  they  are  never  so  meanly  qualified  for  the  Trust ; 
And  therefore  tho  with  their  tongues,  when  Seperate,  they  ap- 
plaude  y^  new  Institution  of  y^  Itinerant  Justices;  Yet  when 
any  of  them  are  in  the  House  of  Delegates  they  leave  no  stone 
unturn'd  to  render  it  precarious  and  abortive,  by  referring  the 
Settlement  of  a  competent  Sallary  to  enable  the  four  Provinciall 
Justices  to  do  their  Duty,  and  by  severall  other  crafty  Evasions, 
looking  upon  their  Honour,  and  Grandeur,  to  be  highly  eclips'd 
&  impair'd  by  the  Provinciall  Justices  comeing  to  hold  the 
Assizes,  &  before  a  full  Appearance  in  the  County's  giving 
handsome  and  regular  Charges  to  the  Grand  Jurys  of  Inquest, 
thereby  acquainting  the  people  with  their  Duty  to  God,  their 
Sovereign,  and  Country,  which  these  Justices  of  the  County 
Courts  never  do,  were  any  of  them  capable  thereof;  so  that  the 
Country  borne,  as  they  stile  themselves^  neither  knew  their 
Duty  to  the  Queens  Ma*^^,  nor  the  Respect  they  owe  the  Civill 
Magistrate;  Wherefore  Seing  their  Ignorance  &  Ambition  will 
not  Suffer  them  to  do  what  in  all  honesty  and  good  Conscience 
they  ought,  for  the  Service  of  their  Country,  I  know  not  how 
these  Justices,  who  are  the  only  Asserters  of  her  Ma*y^  Royall 
Prerogative,  can  be  supported,  unless  Her  Ma*y^  is  pleas' d  to 
direct  the  Councill  and  myselfe  should  pay  them  One  hundred 
and  twenty  pounds  Sterl  ^  Annm.  a  piece  out  of  the  Imposts 
rais'd  for  defraying  the  necessary  Charges  of  the  Province, 
and  not  otherwise  particularly  applyd;  Which  will  very  well 
answer  that,  and  the  other  necessary  contingency es,  the  Justices 
of  the  Provinciall  Court,  as  it  stood  before  this  Regulation, 
having  been  as  great  a  Charge  to  the  Province  without  any 
Encouragement  to  them.  The  severall  Laws  for  the  Imposts 
are  now  revived  for  three  Tears  &  better,  so  that  there  will  be 
a  certain  supporte  for  three  Tears  at  least,  for  those  Justices; 
"but  without  her  Ma*y^  express  Direction  I  shall  not  presume 
to  make  them  any  Allowance  for  their  Service. 


366  MARYLAND   HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

My  Lord,  According  to  my  Instructions,  I  have  made  some 
Remarques  on  the  severall  Laws  enacted  this  Session,  which 
are  inclos'd,  And  most  heartily  begg  pardon  for  anything  may 
have  slipt  my  Notice,  having  been  so  very  ill  that  I  Could  not 
sitt  in  Councill  above  three  or  four  days  during  the  whole  Ses- 
sion and  have  not  been  able  to  go  out  of  my  House  ever  since. 
My  Lord,  I  should  be  glad  to  have  her  Ma^y''  Comands  about 
running  the  Northern  lyne  of  this  Province,  or  to  heare  My 
Lord  Baltilmore  and  M''  Perm  had  adjusted  that  Difference 
between  themselves,  that  her  Ma*y^  Subjects  here  might  be  in 
some  certainty  in  their  possessions  the  Borderers  in  both  Pro- 
vinces, being  hardly  restrayn'd  from  comitting  Violence  on  each 
other,  Which  I  shall  be  sorry  to  see,  and  in  the  meane  tyme  take 
the  best  Care  I  can  to  prevent  it. 

Having  in  my  last  to  the  Lords  of  Trade  sent  them  a  generall 
Acco*  of  all  Negro  Slaves  imported  into  this  Province  Since 
the  Yeare  1698,  though  the  Royall  Affrican  Company  have 
not  imported  any;  Yet  taking  my  Instructions  in  that  point 
to  be  generall  cannot  but  thinke  it  my  Duty  to  send  a  Dupli- 
cate thereof  to  Your  Lordship,  which  is  here  inclosed. 

My  Lord  as  I  avin  very  proude  of  corresponding  with  Your 
Lordship,  I  shall  allways  thinke  myselfe  happy  to  receive  and 
obey  your  Comands^  and  am  with  a  very  dutifull  Reguarde 

My  Lord 

Y''  Lordships 
most  Dutifull  humble  Serv* 
Jo :    Seymour 

Maryland  March  10*^  1708/9 


The  Journall  of  the  Committe  of  Accounts  in  November 
Assembly  1708 

Th  Bordley  CI  Com 
Maryland  ss  By  order  of  the  honourable  the  house  of  Delegates 
Friday  Dec^  3^ 

1708     A  Committee  appointed  to  inspect  into  and  state 
the  Publick  Accounts  of  this  province 


UNPUBLISHED  PROVINCIAL  RECORDS.  367 

The  gentlemen  appointed  for  the  same  are 


The  Honble 


M^  James  Philips 
Mr  Joseph  Hill 
M^  John  Bradford 
Mr  Eobert  Ungle 


Who  make  Choice  of  M^  James  Philips  to  be  their  Chaire- 
man  and  of  Thomas  Bordley  to  be  their  Clerk  & 

Order  That  notes  be  put  up  at  the  Publick  places  within  the 
City  of  Annapolis  to  give  notice  to  all  persons  that  have  any 
claimes  from  the  publick  That  this  Committee  sitts  at  the 
house  of  Mrs  Jane  Burnell  from  Eleven  in  the  forenoon  till 
four  in  the  After  where  all  Just  publick  claimes  that  come  in 
before  tuesday  night  next  will  be  allow' d  w^^  being  accordingly 
done 

The  Committee  proceeds  To  allow  as  foU^ 

Viz*  To  Kent  County  for  a  Boat  720 

To  Queen  Anns  County  for  D^  720 

To  Talbott  County  for  D^  720 

To  Somersett  County  for  D^  720 


2880 
To  the  Severall  members  following  for  their  Attendance  and 
Itinerent  Charges  Viz* 

St.  Maries       To  M^  Henry  Peregrine  Jowles  for  9 
days  Attend%  and  Six  days  Itiner- 
ant Charges  1740 
To    Mr    Thomas    Truman    Greenfield 

for  DO  1740 

To  Mr  Joshua  Guybert  for  dit^  1740 

To  Mr  John  Coode  for  4  dit^  &  6  dit^  1040 

Kent  To  Mr   Thomas   Covington  for    9    d« 

&  dito  1740 

To  Mr  Daniel  Pearce  for  D^  1740 


368 


MARYLAND   HISTOEICAL,    MAGAZINE. 


Ann  arund^^     To    Col.    Charles    Greenberry   for    17 

days  attendance  2380 

To  M^  Eichard  Jones  for  Do  2380 

To  Mr  Joseph  Hill  for  D^  2380 

To  Mr  Daniel  Marriartee  for  Do  2380 

Calvert  To  Coll.  Walter  Smith  for  17  do  and 

four  Days  Itinerent  Charges  2700 

To  Mr  Eobert  Skinner  for  Do  2700 
To  Mr  John  Macall  for  Do 
To  Mr  :Nathaniel  Dare  for  11  days  dito 

&  Do  I860 

Somersett  To  Majr  George  Gall  for  9  ^o  and  tend*  2060 

To  Mr  John  West  for  Do  2060 

To  Mr  Samuell  Worthington  for  Do  2060 

Talbott  To  Majr  J^icho^  Lowe  for  9  Do  &  6  Do  1740 

To  Mr  Thomas  Eobbens  for  Do  1740 

To  Mr  Eobert  Ungle  for  Do  1740 


40620 

Charles  To  Colo  James  Smallwood  for  9  Do  & 

4  Do  1580 

To  Mr  William  Wilkinson  for  Do  1580 

To  Mr  Thomas  Crabb  for  Do  1580 

To  Mr  Walter  Storey  for  Dito  1580 

Baltemore        To  Coll.  James  Maxwell  for  7  dito  &  Do  1300 

To  Mr  James  Philips  for  9  dito  &  Do  1580 

To  Mr  Eichard  Colegate  for  5  Do  1020 

To  Mr  Aqnila  Paca  for  Dito  1580 

Pr.  Georges      To  Mr  Eobert  Bradley  for  17  Do  2700 

To  Mr  Eobert  Tyler  for  Dito  2700 

To  Mr  John  Bradford  for  dito  2700 

To  Mr  Philip  Lee  for  13  dito  &  Do  2140 

Queen  Annes  To  Mr  John  Salter  for  9  Do  &  Six  Dito  1740 


NOTES    FEOM    THE    EARLY    RECORDS    OF    MARYLAND.  369 

To  Mr  Philemon  Hemslej  for  D^  1740 

To  Mr  Solomon  Wright  for  dito  1740 

To  M^^  John  Whittington  for  D^  1740 

To   Wornell   Hunt    Esq'"   for    5    days 

Attend^  this  Sessions  at  70  f  Day  350 


29350 


The  Committee  Adjourns 

Till  Tomorrow  morning  Eleven  a  Clock, 


NOTES  FROM  THE  EARLY  RECORDS  OF 
MARYLAND 

{Continued  from  page  298) 


The  following  notes  are  from  the  set  of  "  Inventory  and  Account " 
books  in  the  Land  Office  at  Annapolis  and  date  from  1674.  They  will 
serve  for  the  most  part  to  assist  in  tracing  that  elusive  personality,  the 
Maryland  widow,  although  other  matters  are  occasionally  noted.  As  to 
Commissioned  officers;  the  notes  are  merely  to  show  that  they  held 
commissions  at  the  dates  given  but  are  not  intended  as  giving  the  date 
on  which  they  received  commissions. 

Jane  Bald\vin  Cotton. 

1681  Liber  Page 
Alexander,  Thomas,  his  widow  and  extx.,  Hannah, 

married  Richard  Holland  and  extx.  VIII      5R 

Robinson,  John,  Mary,  his  widow  and  extx.,  mar- 
ried Joseph  Williams.  VIII  3 
Williams,  Joseph,  Mary,  his  wife,  widow  and  extx.  of 

John  Robinson  VIII         2 

1682  Liber  Page 
Bennett,  Hannah,  servant  to  James  Stasely,  Cecil 

Co.  VIII     289 

Bartlett,  Elizabeth,  servant  to  James  Stasely,  Cecil 

Co.  VIII     289 


370  MARYLAND   HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

Cammell,  Jolin,liis  wife,  Elizabeth,  widow  and  admx. 

of  William  Savin,  all  of  Cecil  Co.  VIII     282 

Cooke,  Ealph,  sent  to  Major  Samuel  Lane,  A.  A.  Co.  VIII     283 

Duram,  Riciiard,  his  widow,  Alice,  was  widow  and 

extx.  of  ]^icholas  Furnace  VIII     267 

Evans,  Margaret,  widow  and  extx.  of  Samuel  Lane     VIII     267 

Furnace,  liicholas,  his  widow  and  extx.,  Alice  mar- 
ried Kichard  Duram  VIII     267 

Gough,  William,  his  widow  and  admx.,  Hester,  mar- 
ried T^icholas  Kicholson,  VIII     268 

George,  William,  servant  of  Major  Samuel  Lane, 

A.  A.  Co.  VIII     283 

Holland,  Richard,  Hannah,  his  wife,  was  widow  and 

extx.  of  Thomas  Alexander.  VIII         4 

Hawkins,  Henry,  and  Elizabeth,  his  wife,  was  widow 

and  extx.  of  Francis  Wyne,  Charles  Co.         VIII       56 

James,  Thomas,  married  Sarah,  widow  and  admx. 

of  Gyles  Stevens,  Baltimore  Co.  VIII         3 

Jones,  Edward,  Cecil  Co.,  married  widow  and  admx. 

of  William  Brockhurst,  Cecil  Co.  VIII     271 

Lane,  Samuel,  Margaret  Evans,  widow  and  extx.     VIII     267 

Ridgely,  Robert.  In  account  of  inventory  signed  by 
Martha  Ridgely  "  in  the  kitchen  230  lbs.  of 
pewter,  one  brass  lamp  (first  found)  1  fish 
plate,  1  cheese  tester,  tosting  fork,  1  tailor's 
goose,  in  milk  house  rolling  pins,  sillibabpots 
and  custard  dishes,  no  knives  save  3  shredding 
ones,  only  flesh  fork,  chaffing  dishes  and  pastry 
pans.  He  had  15  silver  spoons  and  a  watch 
in  his  chamber  St.  M's  (Gent).  VIII     295 

Savin,  William,  his  widow  and  admx.,  Elizabeth, 

married  John  Cammell.  VIII     282 

Stevens,  Gyles,  Baltimore  Co.,  his  widow  and  admx., 

married  Thomas  James.  VIII         3 

Walker,  Thomas  (Capt.),  Somerset  Co.,  his  widow 

and  extx.,  Jane,  married  Edward  Day.  VIII     417 


NOTES   FKOM    THE   EARLY   EECOEDS    OF    MAEYLAND.  3Yl 

account  shows  Thomas  and  Susannah  Walker, 
two  of  the  children.  VIII     418,  419 

Sillj,  Matthew,  West  Eiver,  A.  A.  Co.  VIII       25 

1683  Liber     Page 
Owin,  Eichard,  legacy  from  Henry  Howard,  A.  A. 

Co.  VIII     140 

Quigley,  Charles  (Mr.),  who  was  servant  to  James 

Bodkin,  deceased.  VIII     120 

Rowland,  Lawrence,  his  wife,  Grace,  was  widow  of 

James  Williams.  VIII    55T 

Williams,  James,  his  widow,  Grace,  married  Law- 
rence Rowland.  VIII       55 

Wyne,  Francis,  his  widow  and  extx.,  Elizabeth,  mar- 
ried Henry  Hawkins.  VIII     57,  269 

1684  Liber     Page 
Bennett,  John,  a  legacy  in  the  will  of  Henry  Howard, 

A.  A.  Co.,  of  a  ring.  VIII     140 

Baxter,    Thomas,   Kent   Co.,   his  widow,    Hannah, 

married  Thomas  Furbey,  also  of  Kent  Co.      VIII     245 

Calvert,  Jane  (Madam),  and  Madam  Elizabeth, 
notes  due  by  them  to  estate  of  Bryan  Dely, 
St.  M's.  Co.  VIII     210 

Croshow,  William,  Baltimore  Co.,  admrs.  William 

and  Elizabeth  Harris.  VIII     214 

Chandler,  Rich,  and  Elizabeth,  his  wife,  admx.  of 

John  Hamilton,  Charles  Co.  VIII     221 

Carvill,  Thomas,  by  bill  due  him  from  deceased. 
Darby  Donnavan,  as  by  bill  taken  in  appear- 
ances. VIII     249 

Cooke,   Thomas,  Baltimore  Co.,  by  his  will  there 

were  bequests  to  Ann,  his  infant  daughter.      VIII     235 

Combe,  ■  Abraham,  his  wife,  Margaret,  was  widow 

and  admx.  of  Edward  Fishwick,  St.  M's.  Co.  VIII     248 

Day,  Edward,  his  wife,  Jane,  was  widow  and  extx. 

of  Capt.  Thomas  Walker,  Somerset  Co.  VIII     417 


372  MARYLAND   HISTOKICAX,    MAGAZINE. 

Furbey,  Thomas,  his  wife,  Hannah,  was  widow  of 

Thomas  Baxter,  all  of  Kent  Co.  VIII     245 

Fishwick,  Edward,  St.  M's.  Co.,  widow  and  admx. 

Margaret,  married  Abraham  Combes.  VIII     288 

Hawkins,   William,    mentioned    as    having   account 

against  estate  of  Henry  Howard,  A.  A.  Co.    VIII     140 

Harris,  William,  Baltimore  Co.,  admrs.  of  William 

Croshow,  also  of  Baltimore  Co.  VIII     214 

Hamilton,  John,  admrs.  Rich.  Chandler  and  Eliza- 
beth, his  wife,  of  Charles  Co.,  Robert  Ham- 
ilton mentioned  in  account,  relationship  to 
John  not  shown.  VIII     221 

Jones,  Edward,  a  small  legatee  in  the  will  of  Henry 

Howard,  A.  A.  Co.  VIII     140 

Linsey,  Thomas,  and  Katherine,  his  wife,  admrs.  of 

Robert  Morrice,  late  of  Cecil  Co.  VIII     214 

Luffman,  William,  his  widow,  Mary,  married  Wil- 
liam Treveale.  VIII     460 

Merikin,  Hugh,  by  will  of  Henry  Howard,  A.  A. 

Co.,  is  given  a  small  legacy.  VIII     140 

Morrice,  Robert,  late  of  Cecil  Co.,  admrs.  Thomas 

and  Kathrine  Linsey.  VIII     214 

Nicholson,  Nicholas,  his  wife,  Hester,  was  widow 

and  admx.  of  William  Gough.  VIII     268 

Pamassee,    (Parneser),    Robert,    see   William    and 

Elizabeth  Plot.  VIII     237 

Parker,  William,  and  Francis  Freeman  appear  as 

appraisers  of  a  Calvert  Co.  estate.  VIII     129 

Smith,  Edward,  is  given  a  small  legacy  by  the  will  of 

Henry  Howard,  A.  A.  Co.  VIII     140 

Stanseby,   Mary,   widow   and   admr,    of   Dr.    John 

Stanseby,  Baltimore  Co.  VIII     235 

Thompson,   Robert,    admr.   of  his   cousin,   William 

Wright,  Charles  Co.  VIII     448 

Treveale,  William,  married  Mary,  widow  of  William 

Luffman,  A.  A.  Co.         "^  VIII     460 


NOTES    FEOM    THE    EARLY    EECOKDS    OF    MARYLAND.  373 

Wright,  William,  Charles  Co.,  his  aduir.  was  his 

cousin,  Robert  Thompson.  VIII     448 

1685  Liber     Page 
Done,  Patrick,  admrs.  Robert  and  Marjory  Mynes, 

Calvert  Co.  VIII     487 

Jones,  Robert,  Calvert  Co.,  had  two  silver  forks  in 

his  inventory  (first  found).  VIII     345 

Leidgett,   Thomas,   his  widow  and  admx.,   Julian, 

married  John  Powell,  Calvert  Co.  VIII     473 

Magrouder,  Samuel.  *  VIII     470 

Mynes,  Robert,   and  Marjory,  his  wife,   admx.  of 

Patrick  Done,  Calvert  Co.  VIII     487 

Powell,  John,  his  wife,  Julian,  was  widow  and  admx. 

of  Thomas  Leidgett,  Calvert  Co.  VIII     473 

1686  Liber      Page 

Anderson,  Peter,  Talbot  Co.,  and  Ellinor,  his  wife, 
admrs.  of  John  Morris. 

Aspenall,  Henry  (Capt.),  his  widow  and  admx. 
Elizabeth,  married  Edward  Rockwood. 

Blaney,  Lewis,  his  widow  and  extx.,  married  Allen 
Smith. 

Bigger,  James,  and  Margrett,  his  wife,  extrs.  of 
James  JSTuthall. 

Binley,  Stephen,  A.  A.  Co.,  admrs.  William  Stanton 
and  Blanche,  his  wife. 

Baker,  Thomas,  Charles  Co.,  his  widow  married 
John  Harrison. 

Berry,  James,  his  wife,  was  widow  and  admx.  of 

John  Wynne,  late  of  St.  M's.  Co.  IX     132,  140 

Bucknall,  Thomas,  his  widow  and  extx.,  Mary,  mar- 
ried   Eager.  X       70 

Banks,  Anne,  extx.  of  Thomas  Banks.  IX     294 

Buttram,  Jane,  widow  of  Nicholas  Buttram,  mar- 
ried Jeremiah  Sheridine.  IX     358 

Brent,  He\vn,  and  Ann,  his  wife,  widow  and  extx.  of 

Baker  Brooke.  IX     390 


IX 

49 

IX 

56 

IX 

91 

IX 

98 

IX 

124 

IX 

131 

374  MARYLAND   HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

Busey,  Susannaii,  admx.  of  Paul  Busey,  Calvert  Co.  IX  401 
Brown,  Nicholas,  and  Ann,  his  wife,  Baltimore  Co., 

admrs.  of  Dennis  Inglish.  IX     427 

Chumblj,  Francis,   his  wife,  Barbara,   widow  and 

extx.  of  Charles  Culles,  Charles  Co.  IX         6 

Biscoe,  James,  and  Sarah,  his  wife,  admrs.  of  Charles 

Priest,  late  of  St.  M's.  Co.  IX       45 

Carmeday,  William,  his  widow   and  admx.,   Ann, 

married  William  Watts.  IX       46 

Chapman,  Richard,  his  widow  and  admx.,  Barbara, 

married  John  Gorly.  IX     54,  55 

Cornell,   Joseph,    his   wife,    Margaret,    widow    and 

admx.  of  Robert  Worrall,  Charles  Co.  IX       76 

Cranford,  Xathaniel,  and  Martha,  his  wife,  admrs. 

of  John  Gill.  IX       89 

Crooke,  John,  and  Sarah,  his  wife,  extrs.  of  George 

Powell.  IX     137 

Cole,  William,  St.  M.'s  Co.,  his  widow,  Margaret, 

married  Richard  Vowles.  IX       43 

Croft,  Robert,  his  widow,  Anne,  married  John  Skel- 

ton,  St.  M.'s  Co.  IX     145 

Cleverly,  Thomas,  and  Ann,  Calvert  Co.  IX     150 

Cosden,  Thomas,   Calvert  Co.,  in  account  appears 

Margaret    Cosden,    daughter    of    deceased; 

William   Cosden,  son  of  deceased;  Thomas 

Cosden,  son  of  deceased;  Alphonso  Cosden, 

son  of  deceased;  Elizabeth  Cosden,  daughter 

of  deceased.  IX     368     380 

Cockerell,  Ann,  widow  and  admr.  of  John  Cockerell.  IX  429 
Crayker,  Samuel,  his  wife,  Mary,  was  widow  and 

extx.  of  George  Sealey,  Dorchester  Co.  IX     430 

Davis,  Robert,  married  Elizabeth,  admx.  of  Hugh 

Baker,  St.  M.'s  Co.  IX         7 

Dixon,    Thomas,    married    Sarah,    admx.    of    John 

Gwinn,  Charles  Co.  IX       19 

Darnal],  John,  Calvert  Co.,  whose  widow,  Rebecca, 

married  James  Emson.  IX       27 


NOTES    FROM    THE   EARLY   RECORDS    OF    MARYLAND.  3Y5 

Dawkins,  Margaret,  extx.  of  Josepli  Dawkins,  Cal- 
vert Co.  IX     146 
Dorrell,  iTicholas,  his  wife,  Christian,  was  widow  of 

Andrew  Peterson,  Cecil  Co.  IX     409 

Daniel,  Thomas,  Dorchester  Co.,  his  widow  and  extx. 

married  Angius  Morrah.  IX     428 

Emson,  James,  his  wife,  Rebecca,  widow  of  John 

Darnall,  Calvert  Co.  IX       2T 

Evans,  Benjamin,  and  Marj,  his  wife,  extrs.  of  John 

Bowlins  (?).  IX       32 

Eustis,  James,  his  widow  and  extx.,  Elizabeth,  mar- 
ried John  Hawkins,  Talbot  Co.  IX     122 
Eager,  Mary,  extx.  of  Thomas  Bucknall.  IX     140 
Ellis,  James,  his  wife,  Mary,  widow  and  extx.  of 

John  Welsh,  A.  A.  Co.  IX     210 

Fuller,   Edward,   and   Sarah,   his  wife,    admrs.   of 

Thomas  Tucker,  A.  A.  Co.  IX     141 

Fanning,  John,  his  widow,  Jane   (Jean),  married 

Thomas  Whicherly.  IX     134 

Gorly,    John,    his    wife,    Barbara,    was    widow    of 

Charles  Chapman,  Charles  Co.  IX       54 

Gill,  John,  Xathaniel  and  Martha  Cranford,  admrs.     IX       89 
Gilterope,  James,  his  widow,  Lucy,  married  Jere- 
miah Johnson.  IX     136 
Gray,  John,  A.  A.  Co.,  his  widow  married  Patrick 

Murphy.  IX     138 

Greene,  Henry,  Talbot  Co.,  his  widow  married  Albert 

Johnson.  IX     436 

Hargist,  Ann,  extx.  of  William  Hargist.  IX     317 

Husband,  William,  and  Mary,  his  wife,  admrs.  of 

William  Bowin.  IX       27 

Hawkins,  John,  his  wife,  Elizabeth,  was  widow  of 

James  Eustis.  IX     122 

Harrison,   John,   his  wife  was  widow  of   Thomas 

Baker,  Charles  Co.  IX     131 

Hitchcock,    William,    his    widow,    Mary,    married 

William  Jones.  IX     136 


376  MAEYLAISTD   HISTOEICAL    MAGAZINE. 

Horriss,  Thomas,  and  Marj,  his  wife,  Charles  Co.        IX     192 
Hoskins,  Lawrence,  admx.  Mrs.  Rebecca  Tyer.  IX     353 

Hance,  Mary,  widow  of  Christopher  Kelioa,  deceased 

intestate.  IX     364 

Hinton,  Thomas,  his  widow,  Alice,  married  Joseph 

Spernon.  IX     430 

Inglish,  Dennis,  his  admrs.  were  Nicholas  Brown 

and  Ann,  his  wife,  Baltimore  Co.  IX     427 

Jones,  Philip,  and  Susan,  his  wife,  admrs.  of  John 

Clarke,  late  of  Calvert  Co.  IX       46 

Joce,  Thomas,  and  Ann,  his  wife,  admrs.  Samuel 

Tovej,  Kent  Co.  IX       15 

Joy,  Martha,  widow  of  Peter  Joy.  IX     134 

Johnson,  Jeremiah,  his  wife,  Lucy,  was  widow  of 

James  Gilterope.  IX     135 

Jones,    William,    his    wife,    Mary,    was   widow   of 

William  Hitchcock.  IX     136 

Jones,  Moses,   and  Katharine,   his  wife,   extrs.   of 

James  Wheeler,  Charles  Co.  IX  188  X  364 

Johnson,  Leonard  (Capt.),  mentioned  in  account  of 

William  Williams,  Baltimore  Co.  IX     223 

James,  Richard,  his  widow  and  extx.,  Ellinor,  mar- 
ried John  Turner,  all  of  A.  A.  Co.  IX     362 
Johnson,  Albert,  Talbot  Co.,  his  widow  and  extx., 

was  widow  of  Henry  Green.  IX     436 

Kent,  William,  Calvert  Co.,  in  account  is  legacy  paid 

to  Robert  Jarvis  for  use  of  his  child,  Mary 

Jarvis.  IX     172 
Kellett,  Mary,  widow  of  Christopher  Kellett,  mar- 
ried   Hance.                                           IX     364 

Lewis,  Henry,  and  Abigail,  his  wife,  joint  extrs.  of 

Robert  Thomas,  late  of  St.  M.'s  Co.  IX       31 

Larkin,  John,  innholder.  IX     211 

Lewis,   James,   and  Katherine,   his  wife,  extrs.   of 

Edmund  Townhill,  A.  A.  Co.  TX     327 

Morris,  John,  his   admrs.  were  Peter  and  Ellinor 

Anderson,  Talbot  Co.  TX       49 


♦    NOTES  FROM  THE  EARLY  RECORDS  OF  MARYLAND.    377 

Murphy,   Patrick,  his  wife,   Mary,  was  widow  of 

John  Gray,  A.  A.  Co.  IX     138 

Morrah,  Angius,  his  wife,  was  widow  and  extx.  of 

Thomas  Daniel,  Dorchester  Co.  IX     428 

Xewman,  George,  Charles  Co.,  account  of  same  by 

his  admr.,  George  Newman,  shows  a  payment 

to  John  Morough,  in  right  of  his  wife,  being 

a  part  of  her  share  of  said  ISTewman  estate.  IX  52 
I^uthall,  James,  whose  extrs.  were  James  and  Mar- 

grett  Bigger.  IX       98 

l^ewman,  Richard,  and  Anastasia,  his  wife,  admrs. 

of  Michael  Thompson,  St.  M.'s  Co.  IX     148 

Priest,   Charles,    St.   M.'s   Co.,   admrs.   James   and 

Sarah  Biscoe.  IX       45 

Pegrane,   James,   admrs.   Walter  Welnerstone   and 

Margaret,  his  wife.  IX       55 

Pearle,  William,  his  wife  was  widow  and  extx.  of 

Thomas  Warren,  Kent  Co.  IX       81 

Powell,  George,  Calvert  Co.,  whose  extrs.  were  John 

and  Sarah  Crooke.  IX     157 

Peterson,  Andrew,  whose  widow.  Christian,  married 

Mcholas  Dorrell.  IX     409 

Eandall,  Benjamin,  whose  admrs.  were  Joseph  and 

Anna  Wicks.  IX         5 

Rookwood,  Edward,   Elizabeth,   his  wife,   was  the 

widow  of  Capt.  Henry  Aspinwall.  IX       56 

Randall,  Johanna,  widow  of  Christopher  Randall.  IX     142 

Rousby,    John,    Calvert    Co.,    whose    widow    was 

Barbara.  IX     279 

Spicer,  Ellinor,  widow  and  admx.  of  Thomas  Win- 
don,  Calvert  Co.  IX  40 
Smith,  Allen,  whose  wife  was  widow  and  extx.  of 

Lewis  Blaney,  Kent  Co.  IX       91 

Stanton,  William,  and  Blanche,  his  wife,  adms.  of 

Stephen  Binley,  A.  A.  Co.  IX     124 

Skelton,   John,   whose  wife,   Ann,    was   widow   of 

Robert  Croft.  IX     145 


378  MARYLAND   HISTOEICAL    MAGAZINE. 

Scott,  John,  whose  wife,  Christian,  was  widow  of 

Thomas  Stearling.  IX     222 

Stearling,  Thomas,  his  widow,  Christian,  married 

John  Scott.  IX     222 

Sheridine,  Jeremiah,  his  wife,  Jane,  was  widow  of 

'Mcholas  Butram,  Calvert  Co.  IX     358 

Spernon,    Joseph,   his   wife,   Alice,   was  widow   of 

Thomas  Hinton.  IX     430 

Sealey,  George,  whose  widow,  Mary,  married  Samuel 

Crayker.  IX     430 

Tovy,  Samuel,  adms.  Thomas  and  Anne  Joce.  IX       15 

Thomas,  Robert,  late  of  St.  M.'s  Co.,  Henry  Lewis 

and  Abigail,  his  wife,  joint  extrs.  IX       31 

Tucker,   Thomas,   A.   A.   Co.,   Edward   and   Sarah 

Fuller,  adms.  IX     141 

Thompson,    Michael,    St.    M.'s    Co.,    Richard    and 

Anastatia  l^ewman,  adms.  IX     148 

Tyer,  Rebecca,   widow  and  extx.   of  James   Tyer, 

married  Robert  Yates.  IX     300,  474 

Taylor,   Priscilla,   alias  Manning,    admx.    of   John 

Taylor,  Dorchester  Co.  IX     314 

Townhill,    Edmund,    extrs.    James    and   Katherine 

Lewis.  IX     327 

Tyer,  Rebecca  (Mrs.),  admr.  Lawrence  Hoskins.  IX     353 

Turner,  John,  A.  A.  Co.,  his  wife,  EUinor,  widow 

and  extx.  of  Richard  Jones,  A.  A.  Co.  IX     362,  474 

Vowles,  Richard,  his  wife,  Margaret,  was  widow  of 

William  Cole,  St.  M.'s  Co.  IX     143 

Veyney,  Thomasin,  widow  of  Henry  Yeyney,  Cal- 

'  vert  Co.  IX     402 

Wicks,  Joseph,  and  Anna,  his  wife,  admrs.  of  Ben- 
jamin Randall.  IX         5 
Watts,   William,   his   wife,   Ann,   was   widow   and 

admrx.  of  William  Carmeday.  IX       46 

Welnerstone,  Walter,  and  Margrett,  his  wife,  admrs. 

of  James  Peffrane.  IX       55 


NOTES   FEOM    THE   EARLY   EECOEDS    OF    MARYLAND.         379 

Worrall,  Eobert,  Charles  Co.,  Joseph  and  Margrett 

Cornell,  admrs.  IX       76 

Warren,    Thomas,    his   widow,    Elizabeth,    married 

William  Pearle.  IX       81 

Wynne,  John,  his  widow  and  admx.,  Ann,  married 

James  Berry.  IX     132 

Whickerly,  Thomas,  his  wife,  Jean,  was  widow  of 

John  Fanning.  IX     134,     448 

Wamsley,  Martha,  admx.  of  Thomas  Wamsley,  Cecil 

Co.  IX     173 

Wheeler,  James,  extrs.  Moses  and  Katherine  Jones.  IX  188 
Welsh,   John,  A.  A.   Co.,  extrs.  James  and  Mary 

Ellis.  IX     210 

1687  Liber      Page 

Ashcom,  Samuel,  Calvert  Co.  His  inventory  includes 

a  sun  dial  and  a  pair  of  brick  moulds.  IX     487 

Banks,  Thomas,  his  widow  and  extx.,  Ann  Dennis.  IX  475 
Baker,  Thomas,  Charles  Co.,  extrs.  John  and  Mary 

Harrison.  IX     463 

Banks,  Thomas,  account  shows  "paid  to  Major  iN'ich 
Sewall,  guardian  of  Charles  Beckwith  and 
Michael  Taney,  husband  of  Margaret  Beck- 
with, children  of  George  Beckwith,  deceased."     IX     476 
Chandler,  Mary  (Madame).  IX     461 

Dennis,  Ann,  widow  and  extx.  of  Thomas  Banks. 

Calvert  Co.  IX     475 

Gamball,  William,  whose  adms.  were  Richard  and 

Mary  Pollard.  IX     473 

Harrison,    John,    and    Mary,    his    wife,    extrs.    of 

Thomas  Baker,  Charles  Co.  IX     463 

Holland,  Francis,  and  Sarah,  his  wife,  A.  A.  Co.  IX     479 

Jackson,  Margaret,  extx.   of  Thomas  Jackson,   St. 

M.'s  Co.  IX     465 

Pollard,   Richard,   and  Mary,  his  wife,   admrs.   of 

William  Gamball,  Charles  Co.  IX     473 


380  MARYLAND   HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

Potts,  Robert,  Cliarles  Co.,  his  widow,  Jane,  married 

Thomas  Lindsey.  X     160 

Yates,  Robert,  his  wife,  Rebecca,  was  widow  and 

extx.  of  James  Tjer,  Charles  Co.  IX     474 

1688  Liber     Page 

Baker,  Elizabeth,  admx.  of  John  and  Frances  Cat- 

terton.  X     183 

Bigger,  James,  his  wife,  Margaret,  extx.  of  James 

I^uthall.  X     184 

Bonnam,  William,  his  widow  and  admx.,  Anne,  mar- 
ried Thomas  Smith.  X     312 
Bourman,  Robert,  his  wife,  Anna,  widow  and  extx. 

of  Henry  Staples,  Talbot  Co.  X  340  IX  515 

Bennison,  Richard,  A.  A.  Co.,  his  widow,  Susan, 

married  John  Smart. 
Bayne,  John,  and  Anne,  his  wife,  extrs.  of  Thomas 

Gerrard,  St.  M.'s  Co. 
Catterton,   Frances,    and   John,   whose  extrs.   were 

John  and  Elizabeth  Baker. 
Constable,  Henry,  his  wife,  Kathrin,  was  extx.  of 

James  Rigbie. 
Collier,  John,  Baltimore  Co.,  his  widow  and  admx., 

Sarah,  married  John  Hall. 
Drew,  Anto,  married  daughter,  not  named,  of  George 

Utie,  Baltimore  Co. 
Dunken,  Jane,  widow  of  Patrick  Dunken,  A.  A.  Co., 

married Ferguson. 

Evans,  John,  his  widow  and  extx.,  Mary,  married 

Alex.  Thomas. 
Evans,  Sarah,  extx.  of  Thomas  Evans. 
Ferguson,  Jane,  widow  of  Patrick  Dunken,  A.  A. 

Co. 
Fairbrotbpi-,  Johi^,  his  wife,  Jane,  widow  of  William 

Mitchell,  A.  A.  Co. 
Fookes,  Herman,  his  wife,  Elizabeth,  admx.  Samuel 

Hatton,  Talbot  Co. 


X 

159 

X 

179 

X 

183 

X 

245 

X 

168 

X 

170 

X 

51 

X 

176 

X 

368 

X 

51 

X 

160 

X 

184 

NOTES    FROM    THE    EARLY    RECORDS    OF    MARYLAND.  381 

Furnace,  William,  Somerset  Co.,  his  widow,  Honora, 
married  John  Strawbridge;  the  account  says 
five  children,  no  names  given.  X     174 

Gerrard,  Thomas,  St.  M.'s  Co.,  his  extrs.  were  John 

and  Anne  Bayne.  X     177 

Hatton,    Samuel,    Talbot  Co.,   whose   admrs.   were 

Herman  and  Elizabeth  Fookes.  X     184 

Hopkins,    Joseph    (Capt.),    his   widow    and    extx., 

Sarah,  married Kennard.  IX     508 

In  account  are  following:  ^'Money  paid  his 
daughter,  Judith  (now  Skidmore)  ;  money 
paid  his  daughter,  Anne  (now  Warner)."  IX     509 

Hayman,  Elene,  admx.  of  Henry  Hayman,  Somerset 

Co.  X       60 

Higgins,  Mary,  wife  of  Michael  Higgins,  Calvert 

Co.  X     165 

Hall,  John,  his  wife,  Sarah,  widow  and  admx.  of 
John  Collier,  Baltimore  Co. 

Hooper,  Sarah,  wife  of  George  Hooper. 

Holman,  Sarah,  alias  Hall. 

Jones,  Elizabeth,  wife  of  Eichard  Jones,  and  widow 

of  William  Vaughan,  Kent  Co.  X     181 

Johnson,  John,  St.  M.'s  Co.,  extrs.  of  John  Eose  and 

Mary,  his  wife.  X     185 

Jones,  Ann,  widow  and  admx.  of  Eichard  Weaver, 

Calvert  Co.  X     232 

Kennard,  Sarah,  widow  and  extx.  of  Capt.  Joseph 

Hopkins.  IX     508 

Lindsey,   Thomas,   his   wife,   Jane,  was   widow  of 

Eobert  Potts,  Charles  Co.  X     160 

Lloyd,  Philemon,  whose  widow,  Henrietta  Maria, 
was  admx.  Account  shows  following :  "A 
great  silver  cup  left  his  son,  Edward ;  legacy 
left  his  daughter,  Hannah;  legacy  left  his 
daughter,  Mary  or  Maria;  legacy  left  Mrs. 
Darnall ;  to  son,  Edward,  schooling  in  Eng- 


X 

168 

X 

168 

X 

169 

382  MARYLAND   HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

land;  to  two  tombstones  for  the  children's 

graves,  value  £3  10s."  X     343 

Mackfarland,  Alexander,  his  wife,  Elizabeth,  sole 

extx.  of  Matthew  Sellej,  A.  A.  Co.  IX     518 

Mitchell,    Jane,    A.    A.    Co.,    his    widow    married 

William  Fairbrother.  X     160 

Mitchell,     Elizabeth,     widow     and     extx.     of     John 

Mitchell,  St.  M.'s  Co.  X     161 

Mackdowell,  Elizabeth,  widow  and  admx.  of  Henry 

Mackdowell.  X     182 

James  Mackdowell  died  previous  to  Henry, 

who  was  his  brother.  X     182 

N^eale,  James,  in  account  rendered  of  James  !Neale's 

estate    the    following    is    mentioned:       "A 

negro  woman  given  to  James  Boorman  and 

delivered    to    William    Boorman;    12    cows 

given  to  Roger,  James  and  Dorothy  Brooke."       X     188 
Richardson,  Mark,  his  wife,  Susannah,  was  widow 

and  extx.  of  George  Utie  (Utye),  Baltimore 

Co.  X     lYO 

Rigbie,  James,  whose  extrs.  were  Henry  Constable 

and  Kathrin,  his  wife,  of  A.  A.  Co.  X     247 

Scudmore,  Abigail,  admx.  of  Thomas  Scudmore.  IX     481 

Staples,  Henry,  Talbot  Co.,  his  widow  and  extx., 

Anna,  married  Robert  Bourman.  IX     515 

Selley,  Matthew,  his  widow  and  sole  extx.,  Elizabeth, 

married  Alexander  Mackfarland.  IX     518 

Smart,  John,  his  wife,   Susan,  vddow  of  Richard 

Bennison,  A.  A.  Co.  X     159 

Strawbridge,    John,    his   wife,    Honora,    widow    of 

William  Furnace,  Somerset  Co.  X     174 

Smith,  Thomas,  his  wife,  Ann,  widow  and  admx.  of 

William  Bonnam,  Talbot  Co.  X     312 

Thomas,   Alex.,   his   wife,   Mary,   widow   of   John 

Evans,  Somerset  Co.  X     176 

Utie,  George,  his  widow,  Susannah,  married  Mark 

Richardson.  X     170 


X 

172 

X 

181 

X 

172 

X 

231 

X 

232 

Liber 

Page 

X 

262 

NOTES    FROM    THE   EARLY   RECORDS    OF    MARYLAND.  383 

Vanderheyden,  Matthias,  Cecil  Co.,  his  wife,  Mar- 
garet, widow  of  Henry  Ward. 

Vaughan,  Elizabeth,  widow  of  William  Vaughan, 
Kent  Co.,  married  Richard  Jones. 

Ward,  Henry,  whose  widow,  Margaret,  married  Mat- 
thias Vanderheyden,  Cecil  Co. 

Weaver,  Richard,  Calvert  Co.,  his  widow  and  admx., 
Ann,  married  Jones. 

Zone,  James,  married  Patience  Clocker,  widow  and 
admx.  of  Daniel  Clocker,  St.  M.'s  Co. 

1689 
Bayne,  Elinor  (Mrs.),  admx.  of  Philip  Dysor. 
Dysor,  Philip,  late  of  Charles  Co.,  admx.,  was  Mrs. 

Elinor  Bayne.  X     262 

Lowe,  Henry,  Susannah,  his  wife,  was  admx.  and 

widow  of  John  Darnall.  X     230 

Ramsey,  William,  A.  A.  Co.,  South  River.  X     248 

Tidings,  Richard,  A.  A.  Co.,  Rhode  River.  X     248 

1690  Liber  Page 
Allen,  William,  whose  admr.  was  William  Newman.  XV  253 
Champe,  Soloman,  Rhode  River^  A.  A.  Co.         ,         XI  1 
Dorrell,  Paul,  whose  widow  married  George  Robin- 
son.                                                                         XIa  1% 

iN'ewman,  William,  and  his  wife,  admrs.  of  William 

Allen,  Talbot  Co.  XV     253 

1691  Liber     Page 
Carberry,  John  Baptist,  whose  wife  was  widow  of 

Cuthbert  Scott.  XV  2f9 

Ingerson,    Daniel,    and  Seth,   his  wife,    admrs.   of 

Henry  Pratt.  X  420 

Scott,  Cuthbert.  ^                                   XV  39 

1692  Liber      Page 

Carroll,   Charles,  whose  wife,  Martha,  was  widow 

and  extx.  of  Anthony  Underwood.  X     329 

5 


384  MARYLAND   HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

Culver,  Henry,  whose  wife,  Rebecca,  was  widow  and 

extx.  of  Guy  Finch,  Calvert  Co.  X     333 

Dorringtou,  Francis,  Calvert  Co.,  whose  extrs.  were 

Samuel  Warner  and  his  wife.  X     482 

Finch,    Henry,    whose   widow    and    extx.    married 

Henry  Culver,  Charles  Co.  X     332 

Howard,  Nathan.,  whose  widow  and  extx.  married 

Richard  Kennard.  X     331 

Hall,  Joshua,  whose  wife,  Margaret,  was  widow  and 

extx.  of  John  Isacks.  X     333 

Halloway,  John,  and  Martha,  his  wife,  widow  and 

extx.  of  Samuel  Vines.  X     349 

Isacks,  John,  whose  widow  and  extx.  married  Joshua 

Hall.  X     333 

Dorsey,  John,  A.  A.  Co.     In  account  is  following 

item:     "Major  Edward  Dorsey,  Mr.   John 

Dorsey  and   Thomas  Blackwell   and   Sarah, 

his  wife,  do  make  choice  of  following  persons 

to  make  equal  division  of  estate  late  John 

Dorsey's."  X     314 

Tawney,  Michael,  departed  this  life  May  22,  1692.  Xa  3 
Underwood,  Anthony,   St.  M.'s  Co.,  whose  widow 

and  extx.  married  Charles  Carroll.  X     329 

Vines,  Samuel,  Calvert  Co.,  whose  vsddow  and  extx. 

married  John  Halloway.  X     349 

Warner,  Samuel,  and  his  wife,  extx.  of  Francis  Dor- 

rington,  Calvert  Co.  X     482 

Gibson,  Miles,  Baltimore  Co.,  inventory  shows  one 

case  of  knives  and  forks.  Xllla       56 

Patterson,  Jane,  A.  A.  Co.,  South  River.  XI       44 

1693-4  Liber      Page 

Askew,    Richard,    Baltimore    Co.,    married    Mary, 

widow  of  Edward  Reeves.  X     336 

Abbot,  George,  his  widow  and  admx.  married  John 

Holfworth,  Calvert  Co.  XII     127 

Account  shows  five  children  not  married,  but 


NOTES    FROM    THE    EARLY   RECORDS    OF    MARYLAND.         385 

also  says  "Jolin  Mackdowell  married  one  of 

same."  Xllla     230 

Barnett,  William,  his  widow  and  admx.,  Alice,  mar- 
ried   Watkins.  X     441 

Beedle,  Edward.  XII     139 

Bootheby,  Edward,  his  wife,  Elizabeth,  was  widow 
and  admx.  of  Nathaniel  Utie,  also  widow  and 
admx.  of  Henry  Johnson.  XII     145 

Booker,  John,  Ann,  his  wife,  widow  and  extx.  of 

■  Eichard  Price.  XII       14 

Cox,  Charles,  St.  M.'s  Co.,  Elizabeth  Talbot  was 

admx.  XII       62 

Curtis,  Michael,  and  his  wife,  Sarah,  extx.  Justinian 

Gerard.  XII       63 

Collett,  John,  late  Baltimore  Co.,  admx.  Elizabeth 
Gibson,  widow  of  Miles  Gibson  and  formerly 
widow  of  Henry  Hazlewood.  XII     149,  157 

One  of  heirs  of  above  Collett  was  Elizabeth 
Dawkins,  late  Elizabeth  Gouldsmith.  XII     149 

Three  sons — Henry,  William  and  John  also 
heirs.  XII     150 

Dunderdall,  William,  Talbot  Co.,  adms.  were  Robert 

Roberson  and  Margaret,  his  wife.  XII     132 

Drew,  Anthony,   his  wife  was  niece  of  N'athaniel 

Utie.  XII     146 

Dawkins,  Elizabeth,  see  Gouldsmith,  under  Collett 

administration.  XII     149 

Edmonds,  Elizabeth,  wife  of  Richard  Edmonds, 
widow  of  Miles  Gibson  and  formerly  widow 
of  Henry  Hazlewood,  Baltimore  Co.  XII     151 

(To  he  Continued) 


386  MAEYLAND   HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

CALVERT  FAMILY  MEMORABILIA^ 

Feom  Hearne's  "  Remarks  and  Collections/"  Volume  XI. 


1732.  Julj  8.  (Sat.)  Yesterday  after  my  country  walk 
called  upon  me  Philip  Harcourt  Esq.  formerly  Gentleman  Com- 
moner of  Worcester  College)  with  his  quondam  Tutor  Mr. 
Roger  Bourchier,  Fellow  of  Worcester  College.  I  had  not  seen 
Mr.  Harcourt  for  many  years  before.  He  told  me  that  my  in- 
genious friend  the  Hon.  Benedict  Leonard  Calvert  Esq.,  Gov- 
ernor of  Maryland,  died  in  his  return  from  thence  on  the  20th 
of  May  or  else  the  20th  of  June  last  (but  he  thinks  the  former) 
and  was  coflSned  and  cast  into  the  sea,  for  which  I  am  extreme 
sorry.    He  was  born  Sep.  7,  1700. 

Aug.  7,  (Mon.)  My  friend  the  Hon^^«  Benedict  Leonard 
Calvert  Esq.,  died  June  1st,  1732,  old  stile,  of  a  Consumption, 
in  the  Charles,  Capt.  Watts  commander,  and  was  buried  in  the 
Sea.  When  he  left  England  he  seemed  to  think  indeed,  that  fie 
was  becoming  an  Exile,  and  that  he  should  never  see  his  native 
Country  more;  and  yet  neither  myself  nor  any  else  could  dis- 
swade  him  from  going.  He  was  as  well  beloved  as  an  angel 
could  be  in  his  Station  (he  being  Governour  of  Maryland),  for 
our  plantations  have  a  natural  aversion  to  their  Govemours,  upon 
account  of  their  too  usual  exactions,  pillages  and  plunderings; 
but  Mr.  Calvert  was  free  from  all  such,  and  therefore  there  was 
no  need  of  complaint  on  that  score;  but  then  it  was  argument 
enough  to  be  harassed,  that  he  was  their  Governour,  and  not 
only  such,  but  brother  to  Lord  Baltimore,  the  Lord  Proprietor 
of  Maryland,  a  thing  which  himself  declared  to  his  friends,  who 
were  likewise  too  sensible  of  it ;  and  the  same  may  appear  also 
from  a  speech  or  two  of  his  on  occasion  of  some  distraction, 
which  tho'  in  print  I  never  yet  saw.  I  had  a  sincere  respect  for 
him,  and  he  and  I  used  to  spend  much  time  together  in  search- 
ing after  curiosities  &c.,  so  that  he  hath  often  said,  that  'twas  the 
most  pleasant  part  of  his  Life,  as  other  young  Gentlemen  like- 

*  For  extended  biography  of  Benedict  Leonard  Calvert  see  this  MagazinCj 
HI:  191,  283;  and  for  other  Calvert  Memorabilia  see  vol.  x,  372  and  xi,  282. 


CALVEKT  FAMILY  MEMORABILIA.  387 

wise  then  in  Oxford  have  also  said,  that  the  many  agreeable 
hours  we  used  to  spend  together  on  the  same  occasions  were  the 
most  entertaining  &  most  pleasant  part  of  their  Lives.  As  Mr. 
Calvert  &  the  rest  of  those  young  Gentlemen  (several  of  which 
as  well  as  Mr.  Calvert  were  of  noble  Birth)  used  to  walk  &  divert 
themselves  with  me  in  the  country,  much  notice  was  taken  there- 
of, &  many  envyed  our  happiness.  When  Mr.  Calvert  was  at 
Rome,  he  was  once  secured  from  insults,  if  not  mischieffs,  by 
the  advice  of  a  particular  friend,  an  English  gentleman,  then  at 
Rome.  Mr.  Calvert  had  been  one  of  the  Communion  of  the 
Church  of  Rome,  which  being  too  well  known  in  that  City,  he 
was  more  indiscreet  than  one  would  have  expected  from  one  of 
his  excellent  sense  and  caution,  in  his  commerce  with  the  Jesuits 
and  others  of  the  English  College  there,  which  was  the  more 
dangerous,  as  divers  do  not  doubt  to  give  out,  that  the  inhabit- 
ants of  Italy  in  general  scruple  not  the  use  of  the  stiletto,  poison 
(fee,  where  they  entertain  a  prejudice.  Mr.  Calvert  designed  to 
write  a  description  &  history  of  Maryland,  for  which  he  had 
suitable  abilities,  &  I  doubt  not  but  he  made  good  Progress  there- 
in. He  wrote  me  a  long  letter  from  thence,  dated  at  Annapolis, 
March  18,  1728/9,  in  which  are  several  particulars  relating  to 
the  Island,  and  at  the  same  time  sent  me  Holdsworth's  Muscipula 
in  Latin  and  English,  translated  by  R.  Lewis,  and  dedicated  to 
Mr.  Calvert.  'Twas  printed  at  Annapolis  that  year,  &  is  one  of 
the  first  things  ever  printed  in  that  Country.  Mr.  Lewis  was 
then  (&  perhaps,  if  living,  may  be  still)  a  schoolmaster  at  An- 
napolis, and  formerly  belonged  to  Eaton. 

Sept.  6,  1732  Heame  to  Rawlinson. 

Mr.  Calvert  was  my  intimate  friend  and  Acquaintance,  and 
we  used  to  spend  much  time  together  (hardly  a  day  failed) 
when  he  was  in  Oxford.  .  .  I  disswaded  him  from  going  as 
much  as  ever  I  could,  having  a  great  fear  upon  me,  that  I  should 
never  see  him  more  when  I  parted  with  him  at  the  Angel  Gate 
at  Oxford.  .  .  He  was  sensible  from  what  I  have  heard  him 
say  more  than  once,  that  he  should  live  but  a  short  life.  I  much 
lament  his  loss,  and  ever  longed  to  have  a  sight  of  him  again. 
He  died  in  my  debt  a  guinea  for  a  copy  of  Thomas  Elmham  in 


388  MARYLAND   HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

large  Paper,  which  was  sent  to  Charles  Lowe,  Esq.  near  West- 
minster Abbey  on  Feb.  20,  1727,  Tuesday,  but  now  I  suppose 
this  little  sum  of  money  is  lost,  Mr.  Lowe  being  (as  you  know) 
dead  also.  .  .    —  [p.  106.] 

Mar.  29.  (Thur.)  [1733]  I  was  told  last  night  by  Mr. 
Crowe  of  Univ.  Coll.  that  my  late  friend  the  Hon.  Benedict 
Leonard  Calvert  Esq.,  left  a  great  many  curiosities  behind  him, 
and  that  they  are  in  the  hands  of  his  brother,  Cecil  Calvert  Esq., 
born  Oct.  1,  1702. 

The  said  Mr.  Crowe,  a  young  Gentleman,  is  Brother  in  law  to 
the  said  Ben.  L.  Calvert  by  the  same  Mother,  who  was  a  very 
fine  Woman. 

Mrs.  Jane  Calvert,  sister  of  B.  L.  Calvert,  now  the  wife  of 
Mr.  Hyde  of  Kinston  Lisle  in  Berks,  was  born  Nov.  13,  1703. 
She  hath  half  a  douzen  children  by  Mr.  Hyde,  as  Mr.  Crowe 
told  me  last  night. 

Mr.  Crowe  insinuated,  as  if  several  of  Mr.  Calvert's  collec- 
tions and  papers  were  proper  to  be  printed.  I  have  a  very  good 
letter  of  Mr.  Calvert's,  that  he  wrote  to  me  from  Maryland, 
March  18,  1728-9.  I  think  it  fit  to  be  printed  at  some  time  or 
other. 

Mr.  Crowe  told  me,  at  my  asking,  that  Mr.  Calvert  made  no 
will,  at  least  if  he  did,  they  could  not  find  it.  —  [p.  179.] 

April  4.  (Wed.)  My  Lady  Baltemore,  mother  of  my  late 
friend  the  Hon.  Ben.  L.  Calvert  Esq.  got  her  death  by  a  bout 
of  dancing.  She  was  a  very  fat  woman,  and  very  tall  (above 
six  foot  high)  and  very  handsome,  yet  withall  very  nimble  and 
active,  &  using  great  agility  that  night  in  dancing,  tho'  she  went 
to  bed  extraordinary  well,  and  slept  extraordinary  well,  yet  an 
alteration  followed  next  day,  and  she  continued  languishing  more 
than  a  month,  &  then  died.  So  I  was  told  last  night  by  her  son 
(by  her  second  marriage)  Mr.  Crowe,  a  Commoner  of  Univ. 
College,  who  added,  her  Epitaph  was  made  by  Ben,  before  men- 
tioned, but  that  it  being  too  long  by  much  for  the  marble,  it  was 
shortened,  &  being  so  shortened  'tis  now  upon  the  monument. 
She  died  in  the  42  year  of  her  age.  I  have  an  account  of  her 
before.  —  [p.  181.] 


THE    CALVEET    FAMILY.  389 

THE  CALVERT  FAMILY 

John  Bailey  Calvekt  Nicklin 

Addenda  et  Coerigenda 

PabtIV 


DESCENT  OF   THE   TITLE    (aCTUAL  AND  "  DE   JUKE.") 

(See  Chart  Pedigree.) 

Sir  George  Calvert,  Knight,  was  created  (bj  King  James  I.) 
Baron  (i.  e..  Lord)  Baltimore  of  Baltimore,  County  Longford, 
Ireland,  in  1625 ;  he  died  15  April,  1632,  and  was  succeeded 
(Governor  the  Honorable  Leonard  Calvert  being  his  second  son) 
by  his  eldest  son,  Cecil  Calvert. 

Cecil,  second  Lord  Baltimore,  b.  1605;  d.  1675;  m.  1627, 
Lady  Anne  Arundell  and  was  succeeded  by  his  only  surviving 
son,  Charles  Calvert  I. 

Charles,  third  Lord  Baltimore,  b.  1637 ;  d.  1715 ;  married  four 
times  and  was  succeeded  by  his  only  surviving  son  (by  his  second 
wife,  Mrs.  Jane  Sewall,  nee  Lowe.),  Benedict  Leonard  Calvert  I. 

Benedict  Leonard,  fourth  Lord  Baltimore,  b.  1679 ;  d.  1715 ; 
m.  1698,  the  Lady  Charlotte  Lee  and  was  succeeded  by  his 
eldest  son,  Charles  Calvert  11. 

Charles,  fifth  Lord  Baltimore,  b.  1699;  d.  1751;  m.  1730, 
Mary  Jannsen  and  was  succeeded  by  his  only  surviving  son, 
Frederick  Calvert. 

Frederick,  sixth  and  last  Lord  Baltimore,  b.  1732 ;  d.  1771 ; 
m.  1753,  the  Lady  Diana  Egerton  and  died  without  lawful  issue, 
when  the  title  (wrongfully)  became  "extinct"  (1771).  The 
heir,  however,  was  George  Calvert,  Esq.,  of  "  Deep  Hole  Farm," 
Prince  William  County,  and  "  The  Horse  Shoe,"  Culpeper 
County,  Virginia,  who  was  heir-male  of  Governor  the  Honorable 
Leonard  Calvert  (supra),  as  follows: 

Leonard  Calvert  (d.  1647),  second  son  of  the  first  Lord  Bal- 
timore, was  Governor  of  Maryland,  1634-1647;  m.  Anne  Brent 
(1642)  and  left  an  only  son, 


390  MABYLAND   HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

William  Calvert  (d.  1682),  Deputy  Governor,  etc.;  m.  Eliza- 
beth Stone  (dau.  of  Governor  William  Stone)  and  left  as  his 
heir  (his  other  sons  having  died  without  issue  male)  his  son, 

George  Calvert  Esq.,  who  m.  Elizabeth  Doyne  and  left  as  his 
heir  his  eldest  son, 

John  Calvert  Esq.  (d.  1739),  who  m.  Elizabeth  Harrison  of 
Virginia  and  left  as  his  heir  his  eldest  son, 

George  Calvert  Esq.  (d.  1782)  (supra),  of  '^  Deep  Hole 
Farm  "  and  "  The  Horse  Shoe,"  etc.,  de  jure  seventh  Lord  Bal- 
timore, being  the  heir-male  of  Governor  the  Leonard  Calvert 
(q.  v.).  At  his  death  the  claim  descended  to  his  elder  son,  by  his 
first  wife  (Anne  Crupper), 

John  Calvert  Esq.  (d.  1790),  of  "Hunting  Ridge,"  Balti- 
more County,  Md.,  de  jure  eighth  Lord  Baltimore.  At  his  death 
the  claim  descended  to  his  only  son,  by  his  first  wife  (Sarah 
Bailey), 

Cecilius  Calvert  Esq.  (d.  1852),  de  jure  ninth  Lord  Balti- 
more; he  married  his  first  cousin,  Anne  Beck  Calvert,  dau.  of 
his  uncle,  George  Calvert  Esq.,  Jr.  (1744-1821),  and  left  as  his 
heir  his  eldest  son  (Ziba  Calvert  Esq.,  being  the  third  son), 

John  Calvert  Esq.  (d.  1846),  de  jure  tenth  Lord  Baltimore; 
he  died  unmarried  and  left  as  his  heir,  his  brother, 

George  Calvert  Esq.  (d.  1865),  de  jure  eleventh  Lord  Balti- 
more; he  m.  Willie  Anne  Woods  and  left  as  his  heir  his  eldest 
son, 

John  Strother  Calvert  Esq.  (d.  1886),  de  jure  twelfth  Lord 
Baltimore ;  he  died  unmarried  and  left  as  his  heir  his  brother, 

George  Washington  Calvert  Esq.  (d.  1913),  de  jure  thirteenth 
Lord  Baltimore ;  he  died  unmarried  also  and  left  as  his  heir  his 
brother, 

Benjamin  Franklin  Calvert  Esq.,  of  Willows,  California,  de 
jure  fourteenth  Lord  Baltimore.  As  he  has  no  issue,  his  heir  is 
his  first  cousin,  James  Madison  Calvert,  of  Hunnewell,  Mo., 
eldest  son  of  the  late  Ziba  Calvert  (q.  v.)  and  grandson  of 
Cecilius,  de  jure  ninth  Lord  Baltimore.  He  is  therefore  heir- 
presumptive  to  the  Barony,  if  restored. 


THE    CALVERT    FAMILY. 


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392  MARYLAND    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 


Corrections 

Two  deeds  recently  sent  me  from  Prince  William  County, 
Virginia,  indicate  that  the  wife  of  John  Calvert  (d.  1739), 
George^,  William^,  Leonard^,  George^,  Leonard^,  John^,  was 
Jane,  and  not  Elizabeth,  Harrison.  The  first  deed  speaks  of 
"  Burr  Calvert  alias  Harrison,  son  of  Jane  Harrison  .... 
of  Westmoreland  County,"  and  the  second  (dated  1739), 
"  between  Thomas  Calvert  alias  Harrison,  and  Sarah  his  wife, 
and  John  Carr  ....  lands  in  Prince  William  County  left 
by  Burr  Harrison  between  George  Calvert  alias  Harrison,  Burr 
Calvert  alias  Harrison,  and  Thomas  Calvert  Harrison."  This 
would  also  indicate  that  there  were  only  three  sons,  instead  of 
five  or  six,  although,  of  course,  there  may  have  been  more  than 
tradition  to  supply  the  data  of  the  other  children.  (See  Deed 
Book  D.,  pages  .7-8,  Manassas.)  There  may,  however,  have 
been  more  than  one  marriage  between  the  Calverts  and  Harri- 
sons in  Virginia. 

Page  52,  line  4.     Read  degree,  not  degrete. 

Page  55,  line  36.     Read  Philipson,  not  Philipsin. 

Page  57,  line  20.     Read  Oct.,  13.,  1731,  not  1751. 

Page  57,  line  22.     Read  Cecilius,  not  Cecelius. 

Page  57,  line  3.     Read  Epsom,  not  Epson. 

Page  58,  line  22.  The  matter  beginning  "  Before  his  mar- 
riage "  and  ending  "  who  lived  at '  Mt.  Airy,'  "  properly  belongs 
to  a  footnote  to  follow  after  line  4,  ending  "  riotous  living,"  as 
it  does  not  pertain  to  Frederick,  Lord  Baltimore,  but  to  his 
father. 

Page  58,  line  32.     Read  d.  s.  p.  1.,  not  d.  s.  p.  1. 

Page  58,  line  33.     Read  Epsom,  not  Epson. 

Page  191.  The  order  of  the  children  of  the  Hon.  William 
Calvert  was  inverted  for  the  first  two,  as  Elizabeth  was  the 
eldest  child,  not  Charles.  Read,  therefore:  i.  Elizabeth,  b.  1662. 
ii.  Charles,  b.  1664;  etc. 

Page  191,  line  32.  Read:  iii.  William,  b.  1666;  d.  s.  p.  m., 
etc. 


THE    CALVEKT   FAMILY. 

Page  192,  line  21.  Read:  i:  Charles  (?),  d.  s.  p.  m.,  the 
interrogation  point  indicating  the  doubt  as  to  his  paternity  as 
referred  to  on  pages  317-318. 

Page  195,  line  23.  The  complete  issue  of  George  Calvert  and 
Willie  Anne  (Woods)  Calvert  is  as  foUovt^s : 

i.     John  Strother,  b.  1836;  d.  1896,  unmarried. 

ii.     George  Washington,  b.  1838;  d.  1913,  unmarried. 

iii.     William  Wood,  ib.  1840;  d.  1908,  unmarried. 

iv.     Sarah  Anne,  b.  1842;  d.  1899;  m.  1869,  her  cousin,  Samuel  Ralls 

Calvert   (q.  v.). 
V.     Mary  Elizabeth,  b.  1844;  d.  s.  p. 
vi.     Ziba  Jesse,  b.  1846;  d.  1903,  unmarried, 
vii.     Benjamin   Franklin,  b.  iSept.   27,   1850;    heir  to  the  Barony  of 

Baltimore, 
viii.     James  Gabriel,  b.  1852;  d.  s.  p.  m.  1885. 
ix.     Susan  Catherine,  b.  1853;  d.  1886. 
X.     Elvira  Jane,  b.  1856;  m.  1877,  her  cousin,  John  Quincy  Calvert 

(q.v.). 
xi.     Martha  Virginia,  b.  1858;  d.  1879. 
xii.     Edward  Green,  b.  1860;  d.  u. 

Page  197,  line  4.  The  Catherine  Anne  (b.  Feb.  4,  1892; 
d.  May  12,  1914)  here  mentioned  as  a  daughter  of  James 
Madison  Calvert  and  his  second  wife,  Catherine  Anne  Taylor, 
is  in  error  as  this  was  the  second  wife  herself.  She  was  born 
Feb.  4,  1852,  and  died  May  12,  1914,  leaving  no  issue. 

Page  199,  line  12.     Read :  John  Twohig,  not  Twohis. 

Page  203,  lines  1-2-3-4  belong  after  line  13  as  wife  of  Fred- 
erick Strother  Emery.  Read:  Frederick  Strother  Emery,  b. 
Aug.  6,  1874;  m.  Aug.  23,  1904,  the  Countess  Elsa  von  Moltke. 
V.  Samuel  Church  ISTicklin,  etc. 

Page  203,  line  15.     Read:  Lucy  Crane  Nicklin. 

The  first  seventeen  lines  of  page  203  were  so  mixed  up  that 
it  is  thought  advisable  to  give  them  in  their  correct  order,  which 
is  as  follows: 

ii.     Elizabeth  Catherine  Nicklin,  b.  Nov.  29,  1833;  d.  Sept.  10,  1910; 

m.  Jan.  9,  1851,  Espy  Connoly. 
iii.     Martha  Virginia  Nicklin,  b.  March  9,  1836;  d.  May  22.  1838. 
iv,     Mary  Marshall  Nicklin,  b.  Jan.  19,  1838;  d.  May  28,  1921;  ra. 

March  15,  1866,  John  Nelson  Emery. 


394  MAEYLAND   HISTOEICAL    MAGAZINE. 

ISSUE: 

,1.     Joseph  Emery,  b.  June  24,  1868;  d.  Aug.  11,  1868. 

2.  Mary  Virginia  Emery,  b.  Nov.  1.  1869;  m.  Aug.  22,  1899, 

kPaul  Browne  Patterson. 

3.  Frederick   Strother   Emery,  b.  Aug.  6,   1874;   m.  Aug.  23, 

1904,  Elsa,  daughter  of  Count  and  Countess  Max  voa 
Moltke. 
V.    (Samuel  Church  Nicklin,  b.  Feb.  18,  1840;  d.  Sept.  29,  1911;  m. 
Sept.  7,  1865,  Harriet  Utley. 
23.       vi.     John  Bailey  Nirklin  II.,  b.  Aug.  5,  1843;   d.  May  6,  1919;   of 
■v^^hom  later, 
vii.     Lucy  Crane  Nicklin,  b.  April  25,  1846;  d.  Oct.  2,  1846. 
viii.     Laura  Pendleton  Nicklin,  b.  Sept.  5,  1848;   d.  April  10,  1872; 
m.  1870,  Dr.  Charles  B.  Ansart;  s.  p. 
ix.    rwiilliam  Fuller  Nicklin,  b.  March  11,  1852;  d.  Feb.  18,  1858. 

Page  203,  line  37,  add  (to  record  of  Colonel  Benjamin  Pat- 
ten Nicklin,  U.  S.  A.)  :  Member  of  the  Society  of  the  Cincinnati 
in  the  State  of  Virginia. 

Page  318,  line  5.     Eead  1668,  not  1669. 


PROCEEDINGS  OF   THE  SOCIETY 


March  14,  1921. — Regular  monthly  meeting  with  President 
presiding. 

The  following  persons  were  elected  to  membership : 

Mrs.  Cavendish  Darrell,  Julien  L.  Bowdre,  Jr., 

Mr.  John  E.  Beatty,  Joseph  D.  Chesney, 

Edward  McColgan,  Mrs.  Samuel  A.  Tubman, 

Edwin  S.  Hoskins,  Miss  Jessie  Black, 

James  Baily,  Mrs.  Frank  P.  Scrivener, 

Rev.  Benjamin  T.  Hynson,  Mrs.  George  Dowell, 

Harold  H.  Sims,  Associate,  Daniel  Henry, 
Miss  Mary  C.  Oursler,  Assoc, 

Mr.  David  Ridgely  Howard  (to  life  membership). 

The  President  stated  that  he  had  received  a  letter  from  Mr. 
Blanehard  Randall,   Chairman  of  the  Maryland  League  for 


PEOCEEDINGS  OF  THE  SOCIETY.  395 

National  Defense,  turning  over  to  this  Society  the  balance  of 
funds  on  hand  on  finishing  the  work. 

Vice-President  Thorn  reported  that  the  Committee  on  the 
Shot  Tower  had  met  and  conferred  with  the  Mayor,  asking  him 
to  urge  the  Park  Board  either  to  purchase  or  to  condemn  the 
Shot  Tower  and  land  adjacent  and  use  it  as  a  park  or  civic 
center.  He  said  that  the  Mayor  seemed  to  think  favorably  of 
this.  President  Harris  stated  that  he  had  received  a  letter  of 
thanks  from  Mayor  Broening  in  reply  to  his  letter  expressing 
the  hope  that  the  above-mentioned  plan  would  be  carried  out. 

Under  the  head  of  ISTecrology  the  death  of  Miss  Sarah  Rich- 
mond and  Mrs.  Rosabella  Sadtler  was  reported. 

The  President  then  called  attention  to  the  notice  sent  out 
to  the  members  for  this  meeting,  stating  that  a  resolution 
would  be  presented.  Thereupon  General  Lawrason  Riggs  sub- 
mitted the  following: 

*'''  Resolved^  That  His  Honor  the  Mayor  be  requested  to  sub- 
mit to  the  Municipal  Art  Commission,  for  its  consideration, 
the  advisability  of  relocating  the  statue  of  General  Lafayette 
now  proposed  to  be  placed  immediately  south  of  the  Washington 
Monument." 

A  discussion  followed,  Mr.  Thomas  C.  Corner,  Mr.  Francis 
B.  Culver  and  several  others  speaking  in  favor  of  the  resolution. 
A  division  being  finally  called  for,  the  resolution  was  adopted 
with  a  vote  of  35-3. 

The  President  then  stated  that  Mr.  Dielman  would  speak 
on  the  ISTeeds  and  Policy  of  the  Society. 

Mr.  Dielman  said,  in  part : 

"  It  will  probably  surprise  many  of  you  to  know  that  should 
this  Society  be  compelled  to  liquidate,  the  contents  of  this 
building  would  bring  under  the  hammer  an  amount  probably 
in  excess  of  one  million  dollars.  It  is  an  assured  fact  that  no 
other  historical  society  in  all  these  United  States  has  any  such 
collection  of  source  material  as  that  in  our  possession,  and  but 
few  of  them  have  anything  comparable  to  it. 

"  For  instance,  in  manuscript  material,  aside  from  the  origi- 


396  MARYLAND   HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

nal  Archives  now  in  course  of  publication,  we  have  the  Calvert 
papers,  never  adequately  treated;  the  correspondence  of  the 
Executive  Department  from  1767  to  1867,  a  huge  mass  of 
material  comprising  many  thousands  of  uncalendared  letters 
and  documents ;  the  Red  Books,  the  Black  Books  and  others  of 
this  series,  consisting  of  personal  and  oflScial  letters  of  the 
Colonial  and  Revolutionary  period;  the  Carroll,  the  Dulaney, 
the  Scharf,  the  Warden,  the  Williams  and  other  collections 
which  have  hardly  been  touched.  A  number  of  these  collections 
are  practically  unknown  except  as  collections  and  it  is  necessary 
to  withhold  them  from  use  on  account  of  the  risk  of  damage 
from  promiscuous  handling  in  their  present  condition.  This 
item  alone  represents  years  of  labor  in  calendaring,  cataloguing 
and  mending,  at  the  hands  of  specially  qualified  persons." 

Judge  Trippe,  on  behalf  of  the  Committee  on  Addresses  and 
Literary  Entertainments,  moved  that  a  vote  of  thanks  he 
extended  to  Mr.  Dielman.    The  motion  was  adopted. 

Dr.  Charles  Baldwin  suggested  that  a  vote  be  taken  on  Mr. 
Dielman's  suggestion  that  Governor  Ritchie  be  requested  to 
purchase  out  of  the  Contingent  Fund  the  books  referred  to  by 
Mr.  ]Dielman,  and  Mr.  John  L.  Sanford  suggested  that  Mr. 
Dielman  be  requested  to  reduce  his  remarks  to  writing  and 
that  copies  be  printed  and  sent  to  the  members. 

It  was  moved  and  carried  that  the  Secretary  communicate 
with  the  Governor,  stating  the  facts  in  reference  to  the  valuable 
books  for  sale  and  ask  that  he  consider  purchasing  them  from 
his  contingent  fund. 

There  being  no  further  business  the  meeting  adjourned. 


April  11,  1921. — The  regular  monthly  meeting  of  the 
Society  was  held  tonight  with  the  President  presiding. 

The  Secretary  stated  that  he  had  communicated  with  Gov- 
ernor Ritchie  in  regard  to  purchasing,  out  of  the  contingent 
fund,  the  manuscripts  mentioned  in  the  minutes  of  the  last 
meeting,  and  read  a  letter  from  the  Governor  which  stated  that 
at  the  present  time  there  were  no  funds  available,  but  that  he 


PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  SOCIETY.  39T 

would  consider  the  matter  again  toward  the  end  of  the  year, 
and  if  no  funds  were  then  available  perhaps  he  would  make 
provision  in  the  next  budget. 

Mr.  Dielman  announced  that  the  Library  Committee  of  the 
Peabody  Institute  had  authorized  that  out  of  the  "Reverdy 
Johnson,  Jr.,  Fund  "  a  cable  be  sent  to  England  requesting  that 
these  documents  be  sent  on  approval,  with  a  view  to  possible 
purchase.  The  President  expressed  the  thanks  of  the  Society 
to  the  Peabody  for  their  action  in  the  matter. 

The  following  persons  were  elected  to  membership: 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Key  Compton,     Mr.  Frank  C.  Norwood, 
Rev.  John  ISTesbitt,  Mrs.  W.  W.  Spence,  Jr. 

Mr.  Michael  J.  Sullivan,  Mr.  Reuben  Foster, 

Dr.  W.  W,  Davis,  Mr.  Frederick  Foster, 

Mr.  Cleveland  P.  Manning,        Mr.  Joseph  P.  Smythe, 
Mr.  Albert  H.  Buck,  Mr.  Francis  E.  Pegram, 

Mr.  Charles  L.  Hutchins,  Mr.  Walter  L.  Clark, 

Miss  Louise  C.  Osborne  Haughton^ 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  C.  Burnett  Torsch, 
Dr.  Henry  Maynadier  Fitzhugh. 
Dr.  W.  H.  DeCoursey  Wright, 
Mr.  John  T.  Landis — Assoc. 
Miss  Pearl  B.  Kimble — Assoc. 

The  President  then  announced  that  Father  O'Donovan  would 
submit  a  minute  on  His  Eminence,  the  late  James  Cardinal 
Gibbons. 

Father  O'Donovan  then  offered  the  following  minute: 

"  Whereas,  Divine  Providence  has  closed  in  death  the  long, 
wise  and  virtuous  earthly  life  of  His  Eminence,  James  Car- 
dinal Gibbons,  Ninth  Archbishop  of  Baltimore;  and 

"  Whereas,  it  was  in  this  City  of  Baltimore  that  he  was  born. 
July  23,  1834^  and  died  March  24,  1921,  and  having  here  been 
baptized  a  Christian,  ordained  a  priest,  consecrated  a  bishop, 
and  given  the  cardinal's  biretta  of  the  Holy  Roman  Church ;  and 


398  MARYLAND    HISTOKICAL    MAGAZINE. 

"  Whereas,  he  spent  just  one-half  of  his  earthly  life,  to  wit^ 
forty-three  years,  as  Archbishop  of  this  see,  wielding  an  influ- 
ence almost  world-wide  at  times,  planning  and  executing  many 
good  deeds  for  his  fellow-man ; — 

"  Therefore,  Be  it  Resolved,  that  the  Maryland  Historical 
Society  records  with  a  deep  sense,  the  loss  to  this  City  and 
State  of  him  who  was  in  the  best  and  truest  sense  one  in  belief 
and  practice  with  Lord  Baltimore's  principles  of  religious 
liberty  and  good  will  to  all  men. 

"  Born  near  what  is  now  Gay  and  Lexington  Streets,  bap- 
tized in  the  Cathedral,  because  of  the  ill-health  of  his  father 
the  family  took  a  sea-voyage  to  Ireland,  where  Mr.  Gibbons 
died.  Mrs.  Gibbons  and  her  children  sailed  for  America,  but 
were  shipwrecked  on  the  Bahamas,  before  they  finally  reached 
New  Orleans.  There  James  Gibbons  conceived  the  idea  of 
studying  for  the  priesthood,  first  at  St.  Charles  College,  Mary- 
land, and  later  at  St.  Mary's  Seminary,  Baltimore.  After 
being  ordained  priest  1861,  he  served  seven  years  in  Baltimore, 
and  in  1868  was  consecrated  Vicar-Apostolic  of  ISTorth  Caro- 
lina; in  18Y2  Bishop  of  Richmond,  Virginia,  and  in  1877 
Archbishop  of  Baltimore. 

"ITot  only  did  those  of  his  own  faith  hold  him  dear  as  their 
father  in  Christ,  but  many  Protestants  and  even  Jews  esteemed 
him  as  a  kindly  gentleman,  who  never  gave  unnecessary  offence, 
a  searching  student  of  the  writings  of  many  men,  and  a  sympa- 
thetic friend  of  every  class,  all  deepened  and  tempered  exquis- 
itely by  his  spiritual  training  under  the  French  Fathers  of  St. 
Sulpice  of  Baltimore,  broadened  and  mellowed  by  his  native 
and  inherent  benevolence,  and  sympathetically  adjusted  and  co- 
ordinated through  considerable  travel  in  our  own  and  foreign 
lands,  and  made  concrete  and  practical  through  his  wide  ac- 
quaintance with  many  of  the  strongest  and  wisest  personages 
of  American  and  European  nationalities. 

"  If  the  best  Marylanders  are  those  who  practice  the  motto 
of  our  State,  then  Cardinal  Gibbons,  whose  tireless  strength  in 
*  Manly  deeds  '  tempered  with  kindly  '  "Womanly  words  '  were 


PEOCEEDINGS  OF  THE  SOCIETY,  399 

SO  well  known  to  his  fellow-citizens,  was  in  truth  a  real, 
historical  Marylander. 

"  And  while  on  the  one  side  his  eminent  position  as  a  Prince 
of  the  Holy  Roman  Church  admitted  him  to  the  loftiest  com- 
pany of  several  Popes,Presidents  of  our  beloved  Country,  Em- 
perors and  Kings  and  Queens  of  other  realms,  yet  on  the  other 
hand  he  was  a  daring,  ceaseless  friend  of  the  Knights  of  Labor, 
and  of  all  sons  of  toil,  even  the  dusky  negro,  in  this  our  South- 
land, where  his  field  of  labor  in  the  Vineyard  of  the  Lord  had 
cast  his  lot  for  a  long  lifetime. 

"  With  a  curious  love  for  the  young,  as  the  altar-boys  and 
news-boys,  as  well  as  for  the  aged  and  broken,  as  the  charges 
of  the  Little  Sisters  of  the  Poor ;  with  a  noble  record  of  shep- 
herd-life searching  for  the  ignorant  members  of  his  flock  in 
ISTorth  Carolina  and  Virginia ;  as  well  as  a  delight  in  the  com- 
pany of  the  first  families  of  cultured  Marylanders ;  with  an  ex- 
perience that  had  led  him  down  through  those  trying  days  of  the 
War  of  the  Confederacy,  Reconstruction  under  the  carpet-bag- 
gers, expansion  into  the  '  Golden  West,'  our  War  with  Spain  and 
late  World  War;  having  seen  General  Jackson,  having  walked 
a  mourner  behind  the  corpse  of  President  Lincoln,  having 
offered  invocations  at  the  conferring  of  the  Sword  on  the  victo- 
rious Admiral  Dewey,  having  been  tendered  a  reception  in  our 
armory  in  1911  the  like  of  which  was  never  seen  in  our  coun- 
try, whereat  as  guests  were  the  then  President  of  the  United 
States,  the  Past  President,  the  Vice-President,  the  Secretary 
of  State,  the  Chief  Justice  of  the  Supreme  Court,  Senators  and 
many  of  the  fathers  of  our  country,  having  successfully  com- 
batted  and  overthrown  that  German  propaganda  called  Cahen- 
slyism,  having  presided  over  the  Third  Plenary  Council  of 
Baltimore,  having  been  the  Chancellor  of  the  Catholic  Univer- 
sity at  Washington,  as  well  as  having  saved  it  from  financial 
collapse,  no  wonder  if  he  should  be  called  and  remembered 
chiefly  as  a  man  of  affairs. 

"  Nevertheless  from  a  busy  life  he  used  his  spare  hours  so 
profitably  as  to  write  his  kindly,  erudite,  practical  '  Faith  of 
6 


400  MARYLAND   HISTOEICAL   MAGAZINE. 

Our  Fathers/  done  during  his  residence  as  a  missionary  bishop 
in  ]^orth  Carolina  from  1868  to  1872.  Following,  more  than 
a  dozen  years  later  (1889),  came  'Our  Christian  Heritage' 
intended  to  lead  men  of  any,  or  no  faith,  '  amid  the  encircling 
gloom '  to  believe  in  things  fundamentally  religious  and  spiri- 
tual. Still  later,  Moses-like,  for  the  young  Levites  of  the 
Clergy  chiefly,  he  wrote  '  The  Ambassador  of  Christ,'  and 
finally,  as  a  child  of  his  old  age,  embodying  his  reminiscences 
and  experiences^  too  precious  to  be  lost,  appeared  his  '  Retro- 
spect of  Fifty  Years.' 

"  In  both  words  and  deeds,  in  young  and  old  age,  a  sweet, 
gentle  wisdom  and  human  kindness  pervaded  all  that  was  his. 

"  Blessed  with  good  health  and  alert  senses,  though  always 
of  a  frail  physique,  fond  of  walking  and  manly  sports,  he  was 
likewise  an  admiring  reader  of  the  classics  and  nobler  writings 
of  our  mother  tongue.  For  over  four-score  years  his  was  a 
*  Mens  sana  in  corpore  sano.'  For  ripe,  sage  wisdom,  breadth 
and  balance  of  judgment,  gentleness  and  mercy  in  administer- 
ing justice,  above  all  for  constant  exemplification  of  the  most 
needed  virtue  of  a  Christian  character,  he  was  a  charming 
exemplar. 

"  For  an  abiding,  deep-rooted  faith  in  the  teachings,  as  well 
as  for  a  sustaining  hope  in  the  rewards  for  loyal  service  to  his 
Master,  and  for  a  fond  love  for  the  uplifting  life  of  virtue  in- 
culcated and  fostered  by  the  Church  of  God,  especially  depre- 
cating the  evils  of  divorce,  he  was  always  and  everywhere  a 
devoted  herald. 

"  For  the  world  at  large  he  was  a  leader  in  republican  prin- 
ciples of  liberty  without  license ;  for  all  religious  men  he  exem- 
plified the  broadest  charity ;  for  us  Americans  and  Marylanders 
his  good  deeds  and  informing  writings  should  long  be  pondered, 
applied  to  and  re-lived  in  our  lives." 

Mr.  Wtilliam  P.  Ryan,  in  seconding  the  motion  to  adopt  the 
Minute  presented  by  the  Rev.  Louis  O'Donovan,  commemora- 
tive of  His  Eminence,  the  late  James  Cardinal  Gibbons,  asked 


PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  SOCIETY.  401 

the  privilege  to  briefly  express  his  own  estimate  of  this  truly 
great  and  estimable  man. 
Mr.  Ryan  spoke  as  follows: 

"  The  death  of  His  Eminence,  James  Cardinal  Gibbons,  is, 
as  I  see  it,  an  irreparable  loss.  The  position  he  held  through 
his  long  and  remarkable  life  was  truly  unique.  The  greatest 
Churchman  in  Catholic  Christendom  and  exercising  the  great- 
est influence  for  good  in  civic  affairs  of  any  private  citizen  in 
America. 

"  He  was  in  fact  the  good  shepherd,  and  in  the  broadest  and 
highest  spiritual  sense  of  real  christian  charity  all  the  sons  of 
men  were  embraced  in  his  sheepfold.  He  believed  that  '  Other 
sheep  I  have  that  are  not  of  this  fold:  them  also  I  must  bring 
and  they  shall  hear  my  voice  and  there  shall  be  one  fold  and  one 
.shepherd.' 

"  A  Prince  of  the  Church  he  was  in  piety  an  exemplar  to 
all  his  clergy;  and  in  humility  both  of  thought  and  deed  a 
model  for  all  the  faithful.  A  profound  and  learned  expositor 
of  the  Sacred  Scriptures,  as  exemplified  in  his  '  Faith  of  Our 
Fathers,'  '  An  Ambassador  of  Christ,'  and  '  Our  Christian  Heri- 
tage,' he  lived  the  gospel  he  preached  and  walked  in  the  foot- 
steps of  his  Divine  Master. 

"A  wise  and  safe  statesman,  he  was  not  swayed  by  partisan 
rancor,  although  he  never  failed  to  raise  his  voice  and  give  his 
counsel  when  America  or  its  institutions  were  imperiled.  He 
believed  that  righteousness  exalteth  a  nation  and  he  felt  that 
under  God's  providence  ours  was  the  greatest  and  best  govern- 
ment upon  the  earth,  and  he  leaves  us  as  the  most  profoundly 
mourned  man  of  his  generation.  All  the  creeds — Jew  and 
Gentile — all  Americans  of  all  parties  who  love  their  native 
land  are  uncovered  at  his  tomb  and  with  our  own  stricken 
people  of  Baltimore  sincerely  grieve  for  our  greatest  and  best 
loved  citizen." 

Mrs.  Anna  L.  Sioussat  then  presented  a  collection  of  framed 
views  of  Sulgrave  Manor,  on  behalf  of  the  family  of  the  late 
Mrs.  T.  Harrison  Garrett  with  the  following  remarks: 


4:02  MAEYLAND   HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

"  In  presenting  on  behalf  of  the  family  of  the  late  and  la- 
mented Mrs.  T.  Harrison  Garrett,  these  views  of  Sulgrave 
Monor  to  the  Maryland  Historical  Society  it  would  seem  well 
to  refer  to  the  notable  occasion  which  they  represent. 

"Mrs.  Garrett  was  sent  as  Special  envoy  from  the  National 
Society  of  the  Colonial  Dames  of  America  to  report  upon  the 
possibilities  of  a  safe  place  of  deposit  in  Sulgrave  Manor  House, 
^Northampton  Shire,  for  the  portrait  of  Col.  Washington  pre- 
sented by  the  National  Society  to  the  British  Peace  Commis- 
sioners on  the  occasion  of  the  celebration  of  one  hundred  years 
of  peace  between  the  two  English-speaking  peoples. 

"  The  portrait  was  that  painted  by  Charles  Wilson  Peale  of 
'  Young  Mr.  Washington '  in  the  uniform  worn  during  the 
French  and  Indian  War  as  a  Colonel  in  His  Majesty's  forces. 
He  wears  on  the  breast  of  his  long  waistcoat  the  silver  gorget  in 
evidence  that  he  was  on  duty  in  active  service.  The  original 
is  at  Washington  and  Lee  University,  Lexington,  Virginia. 

"  Mrs.  Garrett  arrived  in  London,  July  29,  1914.  Her  visit 
had  been  anticipated  by  a  cable  written  to  the  Earl  of  Plym- 
outh, Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Memorials,  and  upon 
sending  her  credentials  to  the  Hotel  where  the  Commission  was 
sitting,  she  was  notified  that  on  the  next  day  the  ceremonies 
would  take  place  of  the  transfer  from  the  British  Commission 
who  had  purchased  the  Manor  House  with  ten  acres  of  ground 
surrounding  it,  to  the  hands  of  the  Anglo-American  Committee, 
its  permanent  custodians. 

"  Mrs.  Garrett  accordingly  went  down  in  the  special  train 
with  a  goodly  company,  among  whom  were  Lord  Shaw  of  Dum- 
fermline,  Earl  Spencer  of  Althorpe  with  Mr.  Perris,  the  Secre- 
tary, and  other  members.  On  their  way  home  after  the  cere- 
monies and  inspection  of  the  Manor,  they  were  entertained  at 
Althorpe  by  Earl  Spencer  and  so  ended  a  memorable  day  for 
them  and  for  us. 

"  It  affords  us  profound  pleasure  thus  to  indicate  the  im- 
portance of  the  visit  which  those  photographs  portray  and  to 
record  our  lasting  appreciation  of  the  steadfast  devotion,  the 


PKOCEEDINGS  OF  THE  SOCIETY.  403 

unfailing  generosity,  tlie  patriotic  ardor  for  Nation  and  her  be- 
loved State  of  Maryland  of  Mrs.  Garrett,  so  well  known  to  you, 
her  fellow  workers  and  fellow  citizens.  This  presentation  is 
made  at  the  request  of  John  Garrett  and  Robert  Garrett,  Esq." 

The  President  thanked  Mrs.  Sioussat  and  stated  that  proper 
acknowledgment  would  be  sent  to  the  donors. 

The  Recording  Secretary  presented  on  behalf  of  Mr.  C.  T. 
Williams  a  collection  of  the  mounted  clippings  from  the  daily 
papers  upon  the  death  of  Cardinal  Gibbons.  These  were 
accepted  with  thanks. 

The  President  presented  on  behalf  of  Miss  Elizabeth  Wood- 
ville,  executrix  of  the  estate  of  Miss  Susan  Williams,  four 
mourning  rings  of  the  Williams  and  Cook  families,  a  minia- 
ture of  Otho  Holland  Williams  and  the  wedding  ring  used  by 
both  General  Williams  and  his  son  Elie  Williams. 

Mr.  Dielman  presented  on  behalf  of  Miss  Ella  Mackubin  a 
collection  of  the  papers  of  the  Patapsco  Female  Institute. 

Dr.  Henry  J.  Berkley  presented  certain  letters  of  Chancellor 
Theodoric  Bland  upon  the  Constitution  of  the  United  States 
and  read  sketches  of  Thomas  Stockett  Alexander  and  of  John 
Harwood  Alexander. 


NOTES,  BOOKS  RECEIVED,  ETC. 


History  of  the  Evangelical  Lutheran  Synod  of  Maryland,  1820- 
1920.  By  Abdel  Ross  Wentz.  Together  with  a  brief 
sketch  of  each  congregation  of  the  synod  and  biographies 
of  the  living  sons  of  the  synod  in  the  ministry.  Printed 
for  the  Synod  by  the  Evangelical  Press,  Harrisburg,  1920. 
8vo.,  641  pp.,  illustrated  profusely  with  portraits,  etc. 

The  Maryland  Synod,  as  it  is  commonly  known,  has  played 
an  important  role  in  the  church  history  of  the  state  for  a  cen- 
tury past,  and  the  above  volume  both  attractive  in  appearance 


404  MARYLAND   HISTOEICAX   MAGAZINE. 

and  informative  in  a  high  degree,  briefly  chronicles  the  chief 
events  connected  therewith. 

It  may  be  noted  that  the  first  Lutheran  congregation  in  Mary- 
land was  that  at  Monocacy  a  few  miles  north  of  the  present  city 
of  Frederick,  it  having  been  visited  by  a  Lutheran  minister  as 
early  as  1733.  In  Baltimore  the  Lutherans  had  no  regular 
pastor  until  1755,  while  in  Georgetown  the  oldest  congregation 
was  organized  in  1769. 

The  extensive  and  varied  biographical  material  also  pre- 
sented make  this  work  of  interest  to  a  wide  circle  of  readers,  as 
many  of  the  characters  described  were  leaders  in  fields  of  activ- 
ity outside  of  the  Lutheran  church. 

Rev.  Jno.  G,  Morris,  for  instance,  was  a  striking  character 
who  left  a  distinct  impress  as  Librarian  of  the  Peabody  Insti- 
tute, as  President  of  the  Maryland  Historical  Society,  and  as 
a  scientist  of  note. 

The  Revs,  J.  Daniel  Kurtz  and  Benjamin  Kurtz  were  both 
prominent  figures  in  Baltimore  towards  the  middle  of  the  last 
century;  and  Rev.  J.  G,  Butler  of  Washington  was  later  like- 
wise a  man  worth  while  on  the  Maryland  soil  loaned  by  the 
state  to  the  Federal  Government. 

Rev.  Dr.  Wentz,  as  author  and  compiler  of  the  above  His- 
tory, has  done  his  work  excellently  well,  and  the  volume  in 
question  everywhere  gives  evidence  of  his  great  assiduity  in  the 
collection  of  material  and  of  his  literary  skill  in  handling  it 
when  collected. 

This  volume  is  one  which  any  Marylander  may  well  feel 
proud  to  owTi. 

Geoege  C.  Keidel. 

Library  of  Congress, 
Washington,  D.  C. 

Letters  of  the  Continental  Congress,  Vol.  1.  Edited  by  Edmund 
C.  Burnett.  Washington,  D.  C.,  Carnegie  Institution, 
pp.  572. 

This  volume,  the  first  of  a  series  of  six  is  an  invaluable  con- 
tribution to  the  history  of  the  American  Revolution,  covering 
the  period  from  August  29,  1774  to  July  4,  1776.  The  editor 
says  in  his  preface :  "  The  purpose  of  the  present  collection  of 
letters  and  other  writings  of  members  of  the  Continental  Con- 
gress is  to  supplement  the  journal,  to  expand  the  meagre  record 
so  far  as  possible,  by  bringing  together  in  one  place  whatever 


NEW    BOOKS    RECEIVED^    ETC.  405 

information  touching  the  proceedings  of  Congress  may  have 
come  down  from  those  who  took  part  in  them." 

The  McCarthy's  in  Early  American  History.  By  Michael  J. 
O'Brien.     I^ew  York,  1921. 

This  is  a  painstaking  attempt  to  chronicle  various  branches 
of  this  family  in  the  United  States  in  the  seventeenth  and  eigh- 
teenth centuries.  A  part  of  chapter  four  is  devoted  to  the 
McCarthy's  in  Maryland.  The  book  will  doubtless  prove  to  be 
of  use  to  genealogists. 

The  Czechs  {Bohemiatis)  in  America;  a  study  of  their  national, 
cultural,  political,  social,  economic  and  religious  life.  By 
Thomas  Capek.     Boston,  1920. 

The  scope  of  this  volume  is  indicated  in  its  title.  Beginning 
with  Augustine  Herrman  (whose  portrait  appears  as  the  fron- 
tispiece) it  sketches  the  careers  of  prominent  Czechs  who  have 
distingished  themselves  in  various  sections  of  the  country.  The 
volume  is  illustrated  and  has  a  serviceable  index. 

Our  Rifles.     By   Charles  Winthrop   Sawyer.     Boston,    1920. 

$4.50. 

This  volume  is  the  third  in  the  "  Firearms  in  American 
History  Series,"  and  covers  the  period  from  1800  to  1920. 
Profusely  illustrated,  a  valuable  and  interesting  work.  The 
opening  paragraph  is  peculiarly  pertinent  at  the  present  time: 
"  Now  comes  again  the  ancient  propaganda,  spread  by  a  vicious 
few,  of  international  disarmament  and  everlasting  peace.  This 
pernicious  doctrine,  as  old  as  nations  themselves,  and  now  pro- 
claimed anew  on  the  one  hand  by  those  who  are  educationally 
or  mentally  defective,  and  on  the  other  by  seekers  of  gain  who 
are  knaves,  is  dangerous  to  all  nations  and  especially  menacing 
to  the  strength,  the  safety,  and  even  the  existence  of  our  own 
United  States." 

Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days;  Classic  Horse-matches  in 
America  before  the  Revolution.  By  Francis  Barnum 
Culver.    Baltimore.    $3.50. 

The  book  is  full  of  interest  to  all  lovers  of  the  horse,  and  is 
a  valuable  contribution  to  the  history  of  a  most  lively  phase  of 
colonial  life  as  well  as  an  authoritative  work  of  reference.  The 
general  reader  and  the  modern  sportsman  alike  will  find  in 
"  Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days  "  an  agreeable  addition  to 


406  MARYLAND   HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

their  libraries  that  will  afford  at  tiie  same  time  delight  and 
profit. 

Smith  College  Studies  in  History.     Vol.  vi. 

'Nos.  1  and  2  contains  "  Le  dernier  sejour  de  J.-J.  Rousseau 
a  Paris,  17Y0-1778/'  by  Elizabeth  A.  Foster,  Ph.  D. ;  Ko.  3 
contains  "Letters  of  Ann  Gillam  Storrow  to  Jared  Sparks," 
ed.  by  Prances  Bradshaw  Blanshard,  A.  M. 

Transactions  of  the  Royal  Historical  Society.    4th  Series. 

Volume  III  contains  the  Presidential  Address  by  Sir  0.  W. 
Oman,  "  East  and  West  " ;  "  British  and  Allied  Archives  dur- 
ing the  War  " ;  "  The  Voyage  of  Pedro  Teixeira  on  the  Amazon 
from  Para  to  Quito  and  back,  1637-1639,"  by  Rev.  G.  Edmun- 
son ;  "  The  English  in  Russia  during  the  second  half  of  the 
16th  century";  by  Mildred  Wretts-Smith ;  "Unpublished 
documents  relating  to  Town  life  in  Coventry,"  by  M.  Dormer 
Harris ;  "  The  Black  Death  in  Wales,"  by  William  Rees ;  "  The 
Commons  Journals  of  the  Tudor  Period,"  by  J,  E.  Neale. 

Collected  Poems  of  Thomas  E.  Pope.     Baltimore,  1916. 

Journal,  Missouri  Constitutional  Convention  o/  1875.  2  vols. 
Columbia,  Mo.     1920. 

A  Register  of  the  Ancestors  of  Dorr  Eugene  Felt  and  Agnes 
(McNulty)  Felt.  Compiled  by  Alfred  L.  Holman,  Chi- 
cago, 1921.     Privately  printed. 

Afidreiv  Meade  of  Ireland  and  Virginia.  By  P.  Hamilton 
Baskervill.     Richmond,  Va.,  1921. 

Tyler  s  Quarterly  Historical  and  Genealogical  Magazine  for 
January  1921. 

It  contains  a  sound  editorial  on  "  Propaganda  in  History  " ; 
"  Charles  City  County  Petitions  " ;  "  James  City  County  Pe- 
titions " ;  "  Record  of  the  Smith  Family  "  (of  Essex  County, 
Va.)  ;  some  minor  contributions  and  Historical  and  Genealogi- 
cal notes. 

Historical  Society  of  New  Mexico,  Publication  No.  23. 

It  is  devoted  to  "  Addresses  delivered  at  the  Ceremonies 
incident  to  the  Dedication  of  the  Cross  of  the  Martyrs,  Sep- 
tember 15,  1920." 


NEW  BOOKS  EECEIVED,  ETC.  407 

!N'oTEs  AND  Observations  on  the  Eleventh  Month 


"Novemher  often  proves  an  intemperate  Montli,  the  Earth  and 
Trees  now  are  wholly  unclothed,  and  the  Country-man  having 
sowed  his  Wheat  and  Rye,  generally  forsakes  the  Fields,  and 
spends  his  time  at  the  Barn  and  at  the  Market.  A  good  Fire 
begins  to  be  welcome.  And  as  the  Farmer  in  Pennsilvania  is 
busie  at  threshing  his  Corn,  &c.,  so  the  Planter  in  Maryland 
and  Virginia  must  observe  his  times  in  Curing  &  Packing  his 
Tobacco,  and  begins  to  hearken  for  l^ews  from  Europe  in  hopes 
for  a  good  Market  for  his  Merchant  enriching  Weed.  Now 
Hospitality  and  good  ^Neighborhood  is  in  fashion  in  Maryland, 
especially  where  there's  store  of  strong  Liquors." 

— Daniel  Leed's  Almanack  for  1693  (William  Bradford, 
Philadelphia,  1693,  p.  25). 

[Contributed  hy  Albert  Cooh  Myers."] 


IITDEX  TO  YOLUME  XYI 

(Names  of  Authors,  Titles  of  Contributed  Papers  and  Original  Documenta 
in  small  capitals;  book  titles  noticed  or  reviewed  are  in  italics.) 


Abbot,  George,  384. 
Abbott,  George,  138. 
"Abbott's  Forest,"  138. 
Abby  Island  Creek,  211. 
Acheson,  Mildred  Carter,   Viscount- 
ess, 316. 
Adams,  Elizabeth,   197. 
Henry,  8. 

John,   197,  340,  342,  349. 
John  Quincy,   332. 
Margaret   (Calvert),  197. 
Mariah,   197,    198. 
Adderton,  Jeremiah,   191. 

Mary     (Neale)     Egerton, 
191. 
Addison,   Eleanor    (Smith),    141. 

Elizabeth    (Tasker),   189. 
John,  283. 
John,    Col.,    115. 
John,  Capt.,  108,109,110. 
Rebecca,  283. 
Thomas,  Col.,   189,  361. 
"Addition,"  245. 

"Addition  to  Herbert's  Care,"  231. 
"Addition  to  Hood's  Haven,"   248. 
Admiralty  Court,  343. 
^'Adventures    Addition,"    144,    147, 

148. 
After  Story  of  the  Good  Intent, 

60. 
Air's  Ford,  248. 
Alexander,  Mrs.  — ,  11. 

Anne   (Fowke),  12. 
Hannah    (— ),   369,   370. 
John   Harwood,    403. 
John  Henry,  74. 
Mark,  147. 
Robert,    12,    261  ff.,    341, 

349. 
Thomas,   369,   370. 
Thomas   Stockett,  403. 
Allen,  Andrew,  272. 
Anne,   3. 

Jasper,  283,  287. 
John,  Capt.,   106. 
John,  Sir,  3. 
Lucy  Anne,  199. 
Marv,  283.  287. 
William,   383. 


Allin,  Caroline  (Fowke).  15. 

Charles,  M.D.,  15. 
Ambrose,    Margaret    Worrall,    289, 
292. 

Richard,  289. 
Anderson,  Ellinor    (— ),  373,  376 
John,  287,  289. 
Mary,  287,  289. 
Andrews,  Christopher,  289,  291. 
"Andrews  Lott,"  132. 
Ansart,  Charles  B.,  M.  D.,  203,  394. 
Laura      Pendleton      ( Nick- 
lin),  203,  394. 
"Aquilla's    Inheritance,"    138,    139. 
"Arabia  Petrea,"   130. 
Archer,    George,    M.  D.,     105,     129, 
131,    132,    133,    138,    142, 
143,  144. 
Henry  W.,   138. 
Humphrey,  283. 
Mabell,   283. 
Margaret,  283. 
Ark  and  Dove  Society,  64. 
"Arlington,"  315. 
Armistead,  Mary  Walker,  200. 
Arnold,  Benedict,  193. 
Harvey,   16. 

Sarah    E.     (Fowke),    Moon, 
16. 
Arundell,  Anne,  Lady,   55,   389. 

Thomas,  Sir,  55. 
Asbeston,  Isabelle,  296. 
Mary,   296. 
Rebecca,  296. 
William,   296. 
Winnifred,  296. 
Ashcom,  Samuel,  379. 
Ashmore,  Walter,  130. 
Ashmore's  Mill,  253. 
"  Ashmore's  Retirement,"   130. 
Askew,  Richard,   384. 

Mary    ( — )    Reeves,   384. 
Askin,  Anne,  198. 

Aspinwall,     Elizabeth      ( — ),     373, 
377. 
Henry,  Capt.,  373,  377. 
"  Associators'  Convention,"  181. 
"  Auchentorolv,"   214. 
Avalon,  Md., '238,  257. 

409 


410 


MARYLAND   HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 


Avalon,  Newfoundland,  52. 
Ayres,  Anne   (  — ),  Earle,  295,  296. 
John,  295,  296. 

Bache,  Alexander  D.,  322,  323,  324, 

325. 
Back  River,  242. 
Back  River  Neck,  127. 
Badger,  George  Edmond,  171. 
Bagby,  Amos,  297. 
Ursula,  297. 
Bailey,  George,  230,  245. 
Helen,  194,  201. 
Helen    (Newsome),    194. 
John,   194. 
McLain,  243. 
Sarah,   194,  390. 
Baill,  John,  283,  284. 

Rebecca,  283,  284. 
Baily,  James,  elected,  394. 
Baker,  Elizabeth,  380. 
Hugh,  374. 
James,  234. 

John,  207,  229,  244,  380. 
Maurice,  244. 
Susan,   13. 

Thomas,  373,  375,  379. 
VWilliam,  244. 
William   G.,  Jr.,   66. 
Zebediah,  244,  245. 
"  Baker's  Delight,"  248. 
"iBald  Friar  Ferry  House,"  253. 
Bald  Friar  Ford,  252,  253. 
Baldwin,    Charles,    Dr.,    396. 

Charles  Gambrill,  elected, 

63. 
Mrs.     Charles     Gambrill, 
elected,   63. 
Bale,  Anthony,  245. 
Hannah,   218. 

Thomas,    140,    218,    222,    224. 
Baltimore.     See  also   Calvert. 
Baltimore,    Anne     (Arundell)     Cal- 
vert,  lady,  389. 
Anne       (Mynne)       Cal- 
vert, Zarfy;  53,  54,  391. 
Benedict    Leonard    Cal- 
vert.    4:th     lord,     56, 
57.   181,   389,   391. 
Cecilius      Calvert,      2d 
lord.    23,    24,    53,    54, 
55,   189,   389,   391. 
Charles       Calvert.       M 
lord,  56,  57,  127,  180, 
183,     185,     188,     255, 
317,  318,  389,  391. 
Charles      Calvert,      5th 
lord,    313,    314,    317, 
389,   391,   392. 


Baltimore,     Charlotte     (Lee)     Cal- 
vert,  lady,  57,   389. 
Lady     Diana     Egerton 

Calvert,  389. 
Frederick    Calvert,    6th 
lord,      58,      59,      193, 
389,   391,    392. 
G«orge      Calvert,       \st 
lord,  51,  52,  53,  389, 
391. 
JaJie      ( Lowe )      Sewall 
Calvert,  lady,  55,  56, 
388,  389. 
Joane       ( — )       Calvert, 

lady,  55. 
Joanna     (Hawksworth) 

Calvert,   lady,   53. 
Margajet     ( Charleton ) 

Calvert,   lady,   56. 
Mary      (Darnall)      Cal- 
vert, lady,  56. 
Mary     ( Janssen )     Cal- 
vert,  lady,  58. 
Baltimore  City,  117,  2i5,  216. 
Baltimore    Company,    46,    219,    224, 
225,  226,  227,  228,  229,  234,  235. 
Baltimore    Co.    Furnace,    228,    229, 

239. 
Baltimore    County,    110,    126,    362, 

368. 
The    Baltimobe    County    "Gakbi- 

SON  "      AND      THE      OlD      GaBBISON 

Roads.     William  B.  Marye,   105, 
207. 
Baltimore     County     Rangers,     105, 

110,  112,  115,  123,  209. 
Baltimore    Iron    Works    Company, 
219,  224,  225,  226,  227,  228,  247. 
Baltimore  Town,  213,  214,  216. 
Banks,  Ann  (Dennis),  379. 
Anne,  373. 
Mary,    56. 

Thomas,    290,    373,    379. 
Barberton  Manor,  26,  28. 
Barbier,   Luke,   Dr.,   279,   280. 
B'arden,  Charles,  295. 

Elizabeth    (— ),   295. 
Barley,  James,  244. 
"Barley  Hills,"  224. 
Barnes,  Elizabeth.  280. 
Ford,   252. 
Grace,  280. 
"Barnes's  Delight,"  2,52. 
Barnett,  Alice    (— ),  385, 

William,  385, 
Barney,  Joshua,   Comm.,  Snuff-box, 

66. 
Barren  Hills,  238. 


INDEX. 


411 


Bartlett,  Elizabeth,  369. 

Mary    (Fowke),   14. 
Sarah,  13. 
Baskerville,  P.  Hamilton,  406. 
Bassett,  Margaret    (— ),  296,  297. 

Thomas,  296,  297. 
"  Batchellor's  Good  Luck,"   137. 
Battaile    Creek,  Calvert  County,  188. 
Battle  Town,  110. 
Baxter,  Hannah   ( — ),  371. 

Hannah    (  — )    Furbey,   372. 
Thomas,  371,  372. 
Bayley,  George,  194. 

John,  292,  294. 
Magdalen,  292,  294. 
Mary,   3,   4. 
Sarah    (Maclane),    194. 
William,  3,  4. 
Bayne,  Anne    (  — ),  380,  381. 

Catherine    (Fowke),    12. 
Mrs.   Elinor,   383. 
Ellsworth,  12. 
John,  380,   381. 
Beagen,  Mrs.  H.  J.,  202. 
Beall,  Ninian,  Major,  128. 
"Beall's   Camp,"   128. 
Bear  Cabin  Branch,   132,   133,  135, 

142. 
"Bear  Hills,"  226. 
"Bear  Neck,"  141,  142,  143,  149. 
"Bear  Ridge,"  142,  143. 
Beatty,  Charles,  265,  267. 

John  E.,  elected,  394. 
Beauchamp,  Arabella,  2. 

John,  2. 
Beck,  Anne,  390,  391. 
Lewis,  284. 
Eichard,  284. 
Beckwith,  — ,  289. 

Barbara,  289. 
Charles,   289,    379. 
Elizabeth,  283. 
Elizabeth    ( — )    Skinner, 

287,  289. 
George,  283,  289,  379. 
Margaret,  283,  289,  379. 
"Bedford  Resurveyed,"  213. 
Beedle,  Edward,  385. 
Beetenson,  Edmund,  292,  295. 

Lvdia    ( — )    Watkins, 
292,  295. 
Bengar,  Katharine    ( — )    Chadwell, 
284,   292,   294. 
Robert,  294. 
Ben  jar,  see  Bengar. 
Belair    Road,    118,    143,    144,    145, 
146,  147. 

10 


Bell,  Prances,  197. 
"Bell's  Mill,"  140. 
Belt,  John,  244. 

John,  Jr.,  230. 
"Ben's  Run,"  245. 
Bend,  W.  B.,  322. 
Bennet,  Disborough,  290. 
Mary    (— ),  290. 
Vachel   Baseman,  259. 
Bennett,   Hannah,   369. 

John,  371. 
Bennison,  Richard,  380,  382. 

Susan    (  — ),   380,  382. 
Benson,  Elizabeth   (  — ),  295,  296. 

John,   295,  296. 
Benton,  Thomas  Hart,  158,  175. 
Berkley,  Henry  J.,  M.D.,   66,  403. 
Berry,  Ann    (  — )    Wynne,  373,  379. 
Ben,  13. 
Enoch,   13. 
James,  373,   379. 
Judith    (Fowke),   13. 
Susannah    (Berry),   13. 
Besson,  Hester    (— ),   292,  295. 

Thomas,  292,  295. 
Best,  Anne    (  — ),  288. 

Edward,  288. 
Bigbee,  Archibald,  194. 

Lydia   (Calvert),  194. 
Bigger,  Anne,  283,  286. 

James,    373,    377,   380. 
John,  283,  286. 
Margrett,   373,   377,   380. 
Biggs,  Seth,  359,  360. 
Binley,  Stephen,  373,  377. 
Birch,  Henrietta    (Calvert),   195. 
Bird,  Elizabeth   ( — )   Lewis,  295. 

John,  295. 
Bird  River,   149. 
Biscoe,  Elizabeth,  315. 
James,  374,  377. 
Sarah,  374,  377. 
Bishop,  Benoni,  283,  285. 
Sarah,  283. 
Sarah  Hancock,  285. 
Black,   Jessie,    elected,    394. 
Van  Lear,  65,  66. 
Mrs.  Van  Lear,  67. 
"Black  Walnut  Neck,"  224. 
Blackfan,   John,   296,   298. 

Mary       ( — )      Manning, 
298. 
Blackiston,  Ebenezer,  290,  291. 

Mary    (Calvert),  Lady, 

56. 
Nathaniel,    Gov.,    187. 
Nehemiah,    355,    358. 
William,  Sir,   56. 


412 


MARYLAND   HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 


Blackwell,  Sarah    (  — ),  3S4. 

Thomas,    384. 
Blagg,  Abraham,  27. 
Edward,  27. 
Margaret    (Jones),  27. 
Blake,    Mrs.    Alphonsa,    327,    328, 

329,  330. 
Bland,  John  R.,  65. 

Theodorick,  74,  403. 
Blaney,  Lewis,  373,  377. 
Blanford,  Tabitha   (— )    Mills,  287, 
288. 
Thomas,  287,  288. 
Blangey,  Lewis,  290. 

Mary    (  — )    Bennet,  290. 
Blooded   Eorses   of   Colonial   Days, 

Culver,   405. 
Bloomfield,  John,  279,  280. 
Blunt,  Anne,  279. 

Anne  Nash,  281. 
Grace    (Harrington),    282. 
Richard,   279,   281,  282. 
Boden,  John,  244. 
Bodkin,  James,  371. 
"Bold  Venture,"   117. 
Bond,    Eleanor     (Gwin),    221,    222, 
223,   224,   225. 
Peter,    222,    223,    224,    225, 

227,  236. 
Thomas,  140,  214. 
William,   222,   231,   234. 
"Bond's  Addition,"  236. 
"Bond's   Increase,"   227,   236. 
"Bond's  Interest,"  236. 
Bonnam,  Anne   (— ),  380,  382. 

William,  380,  382. 
Booker,  Ann   ( — )    Price,  385. 

John,  385. 
Boorman,  James,  382. 

William,   382. 
Bootheby,  Edward,  385. 

Elizabeth       (— )       Utie 
Johnson,  385. 
Bordley,  Thomas,  366,  367. 
Boring,  John,  290,  291. 
Boucher,  Rev.  Jonathan,  7. 
Bouchet,  Charles  J.,  67 
Bouchier,  Roger,  386. 
Bouldon,  Alexander  J.,  148. 
Boulton,  Daniel,,  293. 
Bourman,  Anna    ( — )    Staples,  380, 
382. 
Robert,  380,  382. 
Bowdre,  Julien  L.,  Jr.,  elected,  394. 
Bower,  Christopher,   114. 
Bowin,  William,  375. 
Beach,  Elias,  22. 
Bowline,  John,  375. 


Boyce,  Heyward  E.,  65. 
Roger,  134,  135. 
"Boyces,"  134,  135. 
Boyd,  Anne,  279. 

Anne  Neale,  279. 
Bozman,  John  Leeds,  334. 
Bradford,   Francis    (Fowke),    13. 

John,   367,  368. 
Bradley,  Robert,  368. 
Bradshaw,  Anne,  3,  4. 

Isabel  (Kinnersley ) ,  3,  4. 
John,  3,   4. 
Bragg,  Margaret,  198. 
Brasseur,   Benjamin,   280,   285. 

Martha,   280,  285. 
Braxton,  Carter,  342. 
Brazier,   Elizabeth    (Fowke),   12. 

Zechariah,   12. 
Bread,   Jane    ( — )    Matthews,    283, 

285. 
Brent,  Ann    (— )    Brooke,  373. 
Anne,   190,  389,  391. 
Anne    (Calvert)    Brooke,  190. 
Elizabeth    (Reed),   190. 
Fulke,    190. 
(Giles,  190. 
Hannah,  192. 
Henry,   190. 
Hewn,  373. 
Margaret,    190. 
Mary,    190. 
Richard,  190. 
Brerewood,    Charlotte  (Calvert),  57. 
Francis,  57. 
Thomas,   57. 
"  Brewoode  and  Gunston,"  3. 
Brice,  Sarah,  244. 
Bridgeforth,  Sarah  A.  (Fowke),  15. 
Bridges,  Josiah,   111. 
Bridgewater,  Scrope  Egerton,  duke 

of,  58. 
Bright,  Cecily   (— ),  296,  298. 

Thomas,   296,   298. 
Brightwell,     Richard,     Capt.,     107, 

108,  110,   111,  115,  125. 
Brinson,  John,  283. 

Thomas,  286. 
Bristol    (ship),  361. 
Britain  Ridge  Forest,  118,  119. 
Broad,  Barbara    ( — )    Garrett,   116. 

Thomas,  116. 
Broad  Creek.  120,  130,  131. 
Broad  Run,   140. 
Broadnox,  Mary,   297. 
Brockhurst,  William,  370. 
Broening,  William  F.,  Mayor,  395. 
Brooke,  Ann  ( — ),  373. 


INDEX. 


413 


Brooke,  Anne  (Calvert),  190. 
Baker,  190,  290,  373. 

—  (Eden),  lady,  58. 
Dorothy,  382. 
Elinor    (Hatton),  25. 
Elizabeth   (Thompson),  188. 
James,   382. 

John,  283. 

Rebecca    (Isaack),  283,  285. 

Robert,  188. 

Roger,  382. 

Thomas,  Major,  25,  189. 
Brooklandville,  136. 
Brooks,  John,  145. 
"Broomes  Bloom,"  140,  143. 
"  Brotherly  Love,"  243. 
Brown,  Alexander,  6,  9. 

Ann    (  — ),  374,  376. 

—  (Clarkson),  279,  280. 
Dorothy,  2. 

Elizabeth    (Smith),   199. 
Enoch,   199. 

Francis    (Fowke),   12. 
Gustavus,  Dr.,  12. 
John,  279,  280. 
John,  Sir,  2. 
Katharine,  292,  295. 
Kirk,  68. 

Nicholas,  374,  376. 
Peregrine,  114,  292. 
Browne,  B.  Bernard,  M.D.,  66,  78, 
259. 
Joshua,  244. 
P.  J.,  220. 
Thomas,  127. 
Browning,  John,  58. 

Louisa    (Calvert),   58. 
Buchanan,  Andrew,  261. 

Eleanor,  214,  228. 
George,    Dr.,    214,    228, 

230. 
James,  166. 
John,  62. 
Buck,  Albert  H.,  elected,  397. 

John,  147. 
Buckall,  Mary   (— )  IWheelock,  283, 

287. 
Bucknall,  Mary   (— ),  373. 

Thomas,   373,   375. 
Bunbury,  Anne,    12. 

Thomas,  12. 
Burbram,  John,  140. 
Burdett,  Sarah,   11. 
Burgess,  Anne,  280. 

Anne  Fisher,  282. 
William,     141,     142,    280, 
282. 


Burgess's  Branch,  141,  143. 
Burnell,  Mrs.  Jane,  367. 
Burnett,  Edmund  C,  404. 
Burrus,  Catherine  Julia    (Pearce), 
321. 
J.  L.,'  M.  D.,  321. 
Busey,  Paul,  374. 

Susannah,  374. 
Bush  River,  132,  138,  139. 
Bush  River  Neck,  211. 
Butler,  — ,  156. 

Elizabeth    (Wroth)    Mynne, 

54. 
Henry,   214,   215,   217,   218, 

230,  232,  245. 
Irwin  E.,  64. 
J.  G.  Rev.,  404. 
Nicholas,    54. 
Butter  am,  William,  128. 
Buttram,  Jane    (— ),  373,  378. 

Nicholas,  373,  378. 
Bynam's  Run,  128,  140. 
Byrne,  Michael,  148. 

Cabbin  Branch,  141. 
Cage,  John,  293. 

Susannah    (— ),   293. 
"Calarney,"    128. 
Calhoun,  John  C,  335. 
Calvert  see  also  Baltimore,  lords. 
The  Calvert  Family.   John  Bailey 
Calvert  Nicklin,  50,  189,  313,  389. 
Calvert      Family      Memorabilla., 

386  ff. 
Calvert,  Ada    (Fairfax),   193. 
Albert,   196. 

Alicia    (Crossland),   51. 
Alonzo  Pulliam,  197. 
Amanda  Carr,  200. 
Amanda  (iHenniman),201. 
Amelia  Isabella,  316. 
America  Virginia,   196. 
Anna  Maria,  200. 
Anne,  54,  56,  57,  191,  194, 

195. 
Anne      (Arundell),      Lady 

Baltimore,    55,    389. 
Anne    (Askin),   198. 
Anne  Beck,   390,   391. 
Anne  B.    (Mosby),  201. 
Anne     (Brent),    190,    389, 

391. 
Anne   (Crupper),  193,  197, 

390. 
Anne  Frances,  201. 
Anne    (Jennings)    Norman, 

201. 
Anne    (Mynne),  391. 


414 


MARYLAND   HISTOEICAL    MAGAZINE. 


Calvert,    Anne    Nancy    Beck,    198, 

390. 
Anne    Nancy    Beck     (Cal- 
vert), 198,  390. 
Anne    (Notley),    192. 
Anne  Strother,  199. 
Anne  Wolseley,  55. 
Ariana,   Sl^. 
Barbara,  57. 
Barbara    (Kirke),    191. 
Benedict,  50,  58,  313,  314, 

317,  318. 
Benedict  Leonard,  Gov.,  5i7, 

317,   386,   387,   388,   391. 
Benjamin,   201. 
Benjamin     Franklin,     195, 

390,   391,   393. 
Bernard  Carson,   196. 
Bernard   Yancey,   201. 
Burr,   193. 
Caldwell  Carr,  200. 
Caroline,  58. 
Caroline  Maria,  315. 
Catherine,   198. 
Catherine    Ann     ( Taylor ) , 

196,  393. 
Catherine  Anne,    197,    393. 
Cecil,  56,  201. 
Cecilius,  57,  193,  195,  19S, 

315,  388,  390,  391. 
Charles,   56,   58,    191,    192, 

315,  335,  392,  393. 
Charles,     Gov.,     252,     314, 

317,    318. 
Charles      Baltimore,      316, 

317. 
iCharles  Benedict,  316,  317. 
Charles  Leonard,   196. 
Charlotte,  57. 
Charlotte  Auofusta,  317. 
Charlotte    Augusta     ( Nor- 

ris),  316. 
Charlotte       (Lee),       Lady 

Baltimore,   57,   389. 
IClare,   56. 
Cornelia IRussell  (Knight ) , 

317. 
Cornelius,  192. 
Diana  Egerton,  lady,  389. 
Delia,   195. 
Dorothy,   54. 
Edward,    199. 
Edward  Green,  393. 
Edward  Henry,   57,  315. 
Edward   Pendleton,    199. 
Eleanor,  314. 
Eleanor   Gibson,   316. 
Eleanor    (Macubin),   316. 


Calvert,  Elizabeth,   54,  56,  58,   191, 

192,    193,    195,    196,    198, 

199,   201,   3)15,   318,   371, 

392. 
Elizabeth    (Biscoe),   315. 
Elizabeth      (Calvert),     58, 

314,  318. 
Elizabeth      (Doyne),     192, 

390,  391. 
Elizabeth   (Harrison),  193, 

390,  391. 
Elizabeth  Lovell,   200. 
Elizabeth    Lovell     (Carr), 

200. 
Elizabeth  Priscilla,   199. 
Elizabeth    Stewart,    317. 
Elizabeth   Stone,    191,  318, 

390,  391. 
Ella,   316. 
Elvira,  196. 

Elvira    (Calvert),    196. 
Elvira,  Jane,  393. 
Elvira  Jane  (Calvert ) ,  393. 
Emily,  196. 
Emily   Catherine,   196. 
Eugenia  Stier,  316. 
Frances   Dorothy,   58. 
Frances    (Seyboldt),   316. 
Frances    (Tabor),  199. 
Francis,  54,  192. 
Gabriel,   195. 
George,  54,  56,  m  ff.,  315, 

318,   389,    390,   391,   392, 

393. 
George,  Jr.,  190,  193. 
George   Edward,  201. 
George    Henry,    315,     316, 

317. 
George  Ralls,  Judge,   199. 
George     Washington,     195, 

390,   391,   393. 
Gettie,   195. 
Grace,  54. 

Grace    (Crossland),  51. 
Hannah,  195,  19'8. 
Hannah    (Brent),   192. 
Hannah    (Neale),   192. 
Helen,  55. 

Helen  Chapman,  315. 
Hellen    (Bailey),   194,  201. 
Henrietta,   195. 
Henry,   54. 

Henry  Joseph  Albert,  316. 
Hester  Virginia,  317. 
Jacob,  196.   197. 
James,   192. 
James   Gabriel,  393. 
James  Lockhart,  199. 


INDEX. 


415 


Calvert,  James   Madison,   196,  390, 

391,  393. 
Jane,    57,    193,    198,    371, 

388. 
Jane    (Harrison),   392. 
Jane   (Lowe)   Sewall,  Lady 

Baltimore,    56,   389. 
Jane     (Portlow),    57,    193, 

198. 
Jane    (Sewall),  317. 
Jeremiah  Strother,   198. 
Jesse,  204. 
Jesse  B.,  204. 
Jessie,  201. 
John,  51,  55,  192,  193,  194, 

195,    198,   201,   315,   390, 

391,  392,  393. 
John  Jett,  201. 
John  Quincey,   196,  393. 
John  Ralls,   201. 
John    Strother,    195,    199, 

390,  391. 
Joseph,   192. 
Joseph  Carr,  200. 
Jules  van  Havre,  316. 
Julia,  316. 

Katherine  Kennerley,    199. 
Landon  Ralls,  200. 
Laura    (Hunt),  316. 
Leonard,  315. 
Leonard,   Gov.,  23,   50,  51, 

154,    519,     189,     190,    389, 

390,  391. 
Lillie  May,  196. 
Louisa,  58. 
Lucy,  199,  202. 
Lydia,    194,   198. 
Lydia   (Beck),  199. 
Lydia    (Beck)    Ralls,    197, 

201. 
Margaret,  197. 
Margaret    ( Charleton )    La- 
dy Baltimore,   56. 
Margaret   (Lee),  57. 
Margaretta,  50. 
Mariah,   198. 
Marie  Louise,  315,  316. 
Martha,  199. 
Martha  Frances,  199. 
Martha  Virginia,  393. 
Mary,    51,    56,     19'2,     194, 

199. 
Marv  Anne,  196,  198. 
Mary   (Banks)   Thorpe,  56. 
Mary   (Calvert),  192. 
Mary       (Darnall),      Lady 

Baltimore,   56. 
Mary    (Deatherage),   193. 


Calvert,  Mary  Elizabeth,   196,  393. 
Mary    (Ferguson),  196. 
Mary    Frances     (Hughes), 

201. 
Mary    Frances     (Jenkins), 

199. 
Mary  Howson,   191. 
Mary    (Jannsen),    313. 
Mary       ( Jannsen ) ,     Lady 

Baltimore,  58,  389. 
Mary     Landon    Armistead 

(Rosser),    200. 
Mary  Malisa   Taylor,    196. 
Mary  Rosser,  200. 
Mary    ( Strother )    Deather- 
age, 198. 
Mary  Virginia,  201. 
Mary     Wade      (iStrother), 

198. 
Mathew      James      Preston 

Hughes,  201. 
Nancy    (Beck),  391. 
Nancy  Beck,   195. 
Nancy  Beck  (Calvert),  195. 
Obed,  193,  204. 
Olivia  Jane,  200. 
Patsey,    199. 

Philip,  51,   55,   315,   317. 
Priscilla    (Smither),    198. 
Ralls,  197,  198,  199. 
Rebecca,  314. 
Rebecca    (Calvert),   314. 
Rebecca    (Gerrard),  318. 
Richard,  191. 
Richard    Creagh    Macubin, 

317. 
Robert,    192,   315. 
Robert  Singleton,  200. 
Rosalie  Eugenia,  315,  316. 
Rosalie     Eugenia    (Stier), 

315. 
Rosalie  Eugenia  Stier,  317. 
Samuel,  196. 
Samuel     Ralls,     195,     19€, 

199,  201,  393. 
Sarah,   191,   192,   194,   195, 

198,  392. 
Sarah  Anne,  195,  201,  393. 
Sarah      Anne      (Calvert), 

195,  196,  393. 
Sarah    (Bailey),  194,  390. 
Sarah  Elizabeth,  196. 
Sarah    (Harrison),    193. 
Sarah  Hunt,  199. 
'Sarah  Virginia,  196. 
Susan   Catherine,   393. 
Susan  Gertrude,  196. 
Susan  Sophia,  199. 


416 


MARYLAND   HISTOEICAL    MAGAZINE. 


Calvert,  Thomas,  192,  193,  392. 
Thomas  Hughes,  201. 
IWalter,   201. 

William,     190,     191,     192, 
193,   297,   315,   318,   390, 
391,  3^2. 
William    Lancelot    Stroth- 

er,  199. 
William  Norris,  316. 
William  Wood,   393. 
Willie  Anne   (Woods),  195, 

390,  393. 
Ziba,  195,  390,  391. 
Ziba  Jesse,  393. 
Ziba  Milton,   196. 
Calvert  Arms,  50. 
Calvert  City,  Texas,  192. 
Calvert  County,  Md.,  362,  368. 
Calvert's  Bay,  191. 
"Calvert's  Eest,"   191. 
Cammell,  Elizabeth    (— ),  370. 

John,  370. 
Camp  Chapel  Road,  146. 
Campbell,  — ,  173. 

OB.  U.,  332. 
Duncan   G.,   316. 
Ella    (Calvert),  316. 
Cannon,  William,  252. 
Canon,    Henrietta     ( — )     Swanson, 
297,   298. 
Thomas,  297,  298. 
Capek,  Thomas,  405. 
Carberry,  John  Baptist,  383. 
Carleton,  Thomas,  285,  286. 
Carmeday,  Ann    (— ),  374,  378. 

William,  374,  378. 
Carmichael,  William,  Sr.,  327. 
William,  Jr.,  327. 
Carnan,  Christopher,  113. 
Carney,  Baltimore  Co.,  Md.,  143. 
Carpenter,  Thomas,  Capt.,  361. 
Carr,  Delia    (Strother),  200. 
Elizabeth  Lovell,  200. 
John,  392. 
Joseph,  200. 
Carrington,  Henry,  244. 
Carroll,  Charles,  383,  384. 

Charles,  Dr.,  67,  240,  241, 

243,   254,   258. 
Charles,  of  Annapolis,  224, 

225,  226,  228,  229. 
Charles,  of  Cnrrollton,  119, 
127,  215,  216,  219,  220, 
221,  225,  226,  228,  231, 
242,  301,  302,  303,  305, 
308,  309,  312,  313,  346, 
347,  349,  350. 
Charles,  harrister,  67,  139, 


209,   225,   226,  239,   245, 
248,  262,   263,   264,   265, 
277,   340,   346,  347,  349, 
350. 
Daniel,  226,  228,  301,  302, 

'304. 
James,  134,  222,  224,  225, 
226,   227,   234,   235,   236, 
237. 
John,  Bp.,  305. 
iMartha     ( — )     Underwood, 

383,  384. 
Mary    (Darnall),  301. 
Nicholas,  236,  237. 
Nicholas  C,   226. 
Polly,   301,   302,   303,   305, 
311,  312. 
Caeeoll  Papees,  29. 
Carroll  Park,  235,  239. 
"  CarroUton,"  307. 
Carse,  Robert,  119. 
"Carses  Forest,"   119,  136,  137. 
Carter,  Charles  Henry,  315. 

John  Tasker,  219,  220. 
Mildred,   316. 

Rosalie   Eugenia    (Calvert), 
315. 
Carvill,  Thomas,  371. 
Cary,  W.  Gibson,  316. 

Wilson  M.,  27. 
Case  of  the  "  Good  Intent,"  60. 
Cassey,  Elizabeth  ( — )  Bar  den,  296. 

James,  295. 
Cater,  Miss  — ,  16. 
Catherine    (ship),   362. 
Catholics    in    Maryland,    362,    363, 

364. 
Caton,  Isabel    (Chaffers),    300. 
John,  299. 
Joseph,  300. 
Louise,  312. 
Mary,  312. 

Polly    (Carroll),   311,   312. 
Richard,   299  jf. 
Richard,   Dr.,   301. 
Robert,  299. 
Thomas,  299. 
Walter  de,  299. 
William,  300. 
Catonsville,  Md.,  304,  305,  307. 
Catonsvtlle   Biographies.     George 

C.  Keidel,  299. 
Cator,  Franklin  P.,  65. 
Catterton,  Frances,  380. 

John,  380. 
Cavendish.  Anne,  56. 
Cecil,  Joshua,  132. 
Cecil  County,  Md.,  362. 


INDEX. 


417 


"Cecilia  Adventure,"  132. 
"Cedar  Hill,"  11. 
"Cellsed,"   136. 
Chadbourne,  William,  280. 
Chadwell,  John,  284,  292,  294. 

Katharine  (— ),  284,  292, 
294. 
Chaffers,  Isabel,  300. 
Chamberlain,  John,  134,  135. 
Chamberlaine,  James  Lloyd,  261. 
Chambers,     Ezekiel     Forman,     151, 
154,     156,     161,     168, 
332. 
Magruder,   157. 
Chamblin,    Olivia    Jane     (Calvert) 
200. 
William,  200. 
Champe,  Solomon,  383. 
"Chancellor's  Point,"  51,  64. 
Chandler,  Ann    ( Thoroughgood ) ,  6. 
Anne,   5,  9,   11. 
Elizabeth  (— ),  371,  372. 
"George,   12. 
Job,  4,  5,  6. 
Mary,   379. 
(Richard,  8,  371,  372. 
Chapline,  Isaac,  Capt.,  51. 
John,   51. 

Mary   (Calvert),  51. 
William,  51. 
Chapman,  Barbara  ( — ),  374,  375. 
Charles,  375. 
J.  G.,  335,  337,  338,  339. 
John,   15,   139. 
Eichard,    374. 
Sallie    (Fowke),   15. 
"Chapman's   Fellowship,"    139. 
Charles    I,    king   of    Crreat   Britain, 

364. 
Charles  II,  king  of  Great  Britain, 

57. 
Charles    County,   Md.,   8,    107,    108, 

109,  362,  368. 
Charles's  Eun,  227,  228,  229. 
Charleton,  Margaret,  56. 

Thomas,  56. 
Chase,  Samuel,  261,  263,  264,  267, 

276,  340  j5f. 
"  Chatsworth,"   215,    248. 
Chestnut  Eidge,    139. 
Chesney,  Joseph  D.,  elected,  394. 
Chester    (frigate),  357,   359. 
"  Chew's  Vineyard,"   259. 
Chincoth,  Eichard,  135. 
Chisholm,      Medora      Jessie      May 
(Fowke),  16. 
W.  W.,    16. 
Christeson,  Elizabeth,  292. 


Christeson,  Elizabeth   ( — ),  292. 

Wenlock,  292. 
Christian,  John,   212. 
"Christian's   Deary,"   212,   213. 
"Christopher's  Camp,"  141,  143. 
Chumbly,     Barbara      ( — )      Culles, 
374. 
Francis,   374. 
Church    of    England    in    Maryland, 

182. 
Churchville,  138. 
Cilley,  Jonathan,   152. 
Clagett,  Mary,   280. 
Claiborne,  William,  23. 
Clark,  J.  H.,   174. 
Samuel,  147. 
Walter  L.,  elected,  397. 
"Clark's  Chance  Enlarged,"  148. 
Clarke,  J.  L.,  Capt.,  74. 

John,   280,   281,   376. 
Mrs.  John  Elly,  281. 
Eichard,  357,  358. 
Clarkson,  Miss,  280. 

Eobert,  279,  280. 
Clay,  Henry,  158,  335. 
"Cleehill,"   130. 
Clements,   John,   292. 

Mary    (Derumple),  293. 
Cleverly,  Ann,  374. 

Thomas,  374. 
Clift,  Eliza   (Fowke),  14, 
Clifton  Park,  114. 
Clipsham,     Susannah     ( — )      Cage, 
293. 
Thomas,  293. 
Clock er,  Daniel,  383. 

Patience    ( — ),  383. 
Cloud,  Mary,  198. 
Cochrane,    Caroline    (Toney),  200. 
Caroline  Toney,  200. 
John,   200. 
Cockerell,  Ann,  374. 
John,  374. 
Cockey,  John,  136. 

Thomas,   248. 
William,    135. 
"Cockey's  Folley,"  135. 
"Cockey's  Eegulation,"  248. 
"  Cockey's  Trust,"  135,  136. 
Coiners,  Elizabeth,  4. 
"  Cold  Comfort,"  254. 
Cole,  Ann   ( — )   Medley,  286. 
Anne,  284. 

John,  116,  118,  119,  218,  242, 
Mabella,  2. 

Margaret    (— ),  374,  378. 
Margaret   ( — )   Eochford.  292. 
294. 


418 


MARYLAND   HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 


Cole,  Ralph,  Sir,  2. 

Robert,   284,   2&6. 
Skipwith,  252. 

William,  292,  294,  374,  378. 
William  R.,  64. 
"Cole's  Addition,"  118,  119. 
"Coles'  Adventure,"   214,  218,  219. 
"Cole's  Chance,"  242. 
"Cole's  Choice,"   118. 
"Cole's  Harbour,"  215,  216,  242. 
Colegate,  Richard,   368. 
"Colegate's  Creek,"  215. 
Collett,  Elizabeth   (  — ),  293. 
Henry,  385. 
John,  385. 
William,  385. 
CoUett's  Creek,  242. 
Collier,  John,  380,  381. 

Sarah  (  — ),  380,  381. 
Colonel    Geibabd    Fowke.     Gerard 

Fowke,   1. 
"Colonial   Church  Silver   of  Mary- 
land," 74. 
Colston,  George  A.,  66. 
Comagys,  Cornelius,  290,  291. 

Mary      ( — )      Kenneday, 
290,  291. 
Combes,  Abraham,  371,  372. 

Margaret     ( — )     Fishwick, 
371,  372. 
"  Come-by-Chance,"  120. 
Committee     of     Accounts     Journal, 

1708,  366,   367. 
Compton,  Key,  elected,  397. 

Mrs.  Key,  elected,  397. 
ConeStoga  Road,  258. 
Confederate  Soldiers'  Home,  Pikes- 

ville,  Md.,  205. 
Conkling,  William  H.,  Jr.,  elected, 

63. 
Connoly,  Elizabeth  Catherine  (Nick- 
lin),  203,  393. 
Espy,  203,  393. 
Conory,  Edward,  284,  285. 

Mary,  284,  285. 
Constable,  Henry,  297,  298,  380,  382. 
Katharine     { — )     Rigby, 
297,  298,  380.  382. 
Contee,  John,  Col,  359,  360. 
Continental     Congress,    Letters    of 

the  — .     Burnett,  404. 
Continental  Money,  269,  270. 
Coode,  John,  367. 

William,  180. 
Cook's  Tavern,  249. 
Cooke,  Anne,  371. 

Edward,  288,  289,  295. 
Elizabeth,  281,  284. 


Cooke,  Katharine    ( — )    Winsmore, 
288,  289,  295. 
Ralph,  370. 
Thomas,  371. 
Coonan,  Edward  V.,  219,  236. 
Copas,  John,  113. 
Copidge,  Edward,  290,  291. 
Copley,  Lionel,  Gov.,  181,   186. 

Thomas,  19,  20,  22. 
Cornell,  Joseph,  374,  379. 

Margaret      ( — )      Worrall, 
374,  379. 
Corner,  Thomas  C,  65,  395. 
Corwin,  Thomas,  155,  162,  165,  167. 
Cosden,  Alphonso,  374. 
Elizabeth,  374. 
Elizabeth    (Thompson) 

Brooke,    188. 
Margaret,   374. 
Thomas,   188,   374. 
William,  374. 
Cotton,  Jane  Baldwin.  Notes  from 
the  Early  Records  of  Maryland, 
279,  369. 
Cotton,  Andrew,   191. 
Joane,   191. 
Verlinda,   191. 
William,    D.D.,    191. 
Coulter,  Mathew,  213. 
Council     of     Safety,     1776,     262  jgp., 

343^. 
"  Counterscarpe,"  119. 
Court  of  Admiralty,  343. 
Court  Road,  135,  146,  147. 
Coventon,  Anne    ( — ),  297. 

Nehemia,  297. 
Covington,  Thomas,  367. 
Cowen,  John,   141. 
Cox,  Charles,  385. 
Coxe,  Anne  (Calvert),  195. 
David  J.,  Capt.,  195. 
Crabb,  Thomas,  368. 
"Craddock  place,"  214. 
Crane,  Lucv,  203. 

William,   153. 
Cranford,  Martha    (  — ),  374,  375. 

Nathaniel,  374,  375. 
Craver,  George,  198. 

Jane    (Calvert),  198. 
Crawford,  James,  141. 
Crayker,    Mary    ( — )    Sealev,    374, 
378. 
Samuel,  374,  378. 
Credwell,  George,  288,  289. 

Mary   (— ),  288,  289. 
Creswell,  141. 

Crewe,     Charlotte     (Lee)     Calvert, 
lady,  57. 


INDEX. 


419 


Crewe,  Christopher,  57. 
Crisfield,  Arthur,  321,  324,  325. 

Charlotte    Augusta    Len- 
nox   (Pearce),  321. 
J.  W.,  321. 
Crittenden,  John  J.,  163,  167. 
Croft,  Anne   (  — ),  374,  377. 

Robert,  374,  377. 
Cromwell,  Joseph,  214. 

Oliver,   229,    238. 
Thomas,   117,  213. 
Cromwell's  Bridge,  134,  135,  143. 
"Cromwell's  Island,"  213. 
Crook,  James,  126. 
Crooke,  John,  374,  377. 

Sarah   (— ),  374,  377. 
Crooked  Lane,  242. 
Croshaw,    Elizabeth     ( — )     Russell, 
297,  298. 
William,    297,    298,    371, 
372. 
Crossland,  Alicia,  51. 
Grace,   51. 
Joanna      ( Hawkswor  th ) , 

51. 
Roger,  51. 
Thomas,  51. 
Crowe,  — ,  388. 

Crowley,   Anne    ( — )    Wilson,    292, 
295. 
iBryan,   292,  295. 
"Crowley's  First  Venture,"  247. 
Croxall,  Richard,  123. 
Cruikshank,  Dr.,   153. 
Crupper,   Anne,    193,    197,   390. 

Gilbert,   193. 
Cub  Cabin  Branch,    133,    141,    142, 

143. 
"  iCub  Hill,"  141,  142,  143,  144. 
CuUes,  Barbara    ( — ),  374. 

Charles,   374. 
Culling,  Thomas,  137. 
Culver,    Francis    Barnum,    66,    395, 
405. 
Henry,  384. 

Rebecca    (— )    Finch,    384. 
Cumming's  New  Buildings,  249. 
Cupper,  Dorothy,  3,  4. 

John,  3. 
Curtis,  Michael,  385. 

Sarah    (— ),  385. 
Custis,  Daniel  Parke,  314. 

Eleanor    (Calvert),   314. 
Eleanor  Parke,  314. 
Elizabeth   Parke,   314. 
George    Washington    Parke, 

315. 
.John  Parke,  Col.,   314. 


Custis,  Martha,  314. 

Martha  Parke,  314. 

Mary  Anne  Randolph,  315. 
The  Czechs  {Bohemians)  in  Amer- 
ica.   Capek,  405. 

Dabney,  Susannah,  193,  198. 

"  Danby  Wiske,"  51. 

Dandy,  Robert,  284. 

Daniel,  Thomas,  375,  377. 

"  Daniel's  Whimsey,"  247. 

"  Darbyshire,"  117,  213. 

Dare,  Nathaniel,  368. 

"Darley  Hall,"   114,  117,  118,   119. 

"  Darley  Path,"  118,  119. 

Darnall,  Mrs.,  381. 

Elinor     (Hatton)     Brooke, 

25. 
Henry,  Col.,  25,  28. 
John,    144,    147,    374,    375, 

383 
Mary,'  56,  301. 
Ralph,  56. 

Rebecca   (— ),  374,  375. 
Susannah   ( — ),  383. 
"Darnall's   Camp,"    143,    144,    146, 

148,  149. 
"  Darnall's  Sylvania,"  143,  146,  147, 

148. 
Darrell,    Mrs.    Cavendish,    elected, 

394. 
Dartmouth,  Lord,  264,  270. 
Davis,  — ,  283,  284. 

Abigale,  295. 
Eliza,  280. 
Elizabeth,  284,  374. 
Gregory,  121. 
Humphrey,  296. 
Jefferson,  171,   172,   173. 
.John,  281,  282. 
Mary,  281,  282. 
Rebecca  (— ),  Baill,  283, 

284. 
Robert,  374. 

W.  W.,  Dr.,  elected,  397. 
Zoe  Ammen,  317. 
Davison,  Miss  C.  V.,  75. 
Dawkins,  Elizabeth,  385. 
Joseph,  375. 
Margaret,  375. 
Walter,  Judge,  67,  68. 
Dawson,  Elizabeth,  59. 
Dav,  Edward,  370,  371. 

Jane     ( — )     Walker, 
370,  371. 
Deacon,     Mary      (Neale)      Egerton 
Adderton  van  Swearingen, 

191. 
William,  191. 
Dead  Run,  120,  243. 


420 


MAEYLAISTD  HISTOEICAL    MAGAZINE. 


Deane,    Sarah     (— )     Warrin,    290, 
292. 
William,  290,  292. 
Deatherage,  Mary,  193. 

Mary  (Maddox),  194. 
Mary    (Strother),    198. 
Robert,  193,  194,  198. 
Deaver,  Antell,  141. 
Declaration    of    Independence,    264, 

347,  348,  353. 
Declaration    of    the    Delegates    of 

Maryland,  348. 
Deep  Creek,  126. 
"Deep  Hole  Farm,"  193,  197,  198, 

389,  390. 
"Deep  Run,"  136. 
Deer  Creek,  118,  128,  129,  130  flf. 
"  Deer  Creek  Road,"  137. 
"Deer  Park,"  213. 
Deering's  Cove,  240. 
Defence  (ship),  269. 
Delaplaine,  Edward  S.     The  Life 

of  Thomas  Johnson,  260,  340. 
Delaplaine,  Edward  S.,  elected,  63. 
"  Delaware  Bottom,"  253. 
Delaware  Falls,  253. 
Delaware  Falls  of  Patapsco,  208. 
Delaware  Indians,  252,  253. 
"  Delphian  Club  Records,"  74. 
Dely,  Bryan,  371. 
Demmett,  Thomas,  218. 
Demmitt,  John,  214. 
Demondidier,  Anthony,  254,  257. 
Dennis,  Ann,  379. 

Samuel  K.,  66. 
Dent,  Elizabeth    (Fowke),  4,  5,  11. 
John,  261. 

John,  Gen.,  350,  351. 
Rebecca  Addison,  283. 
Thomas,  283. 
William,  4,  5,  11. 
Denton,  Henry,  115. 
James,  284. 
Derrick,  Mary,  22. 
Derumple,  Mary,  292,  293. 
de  Vere,  Alice,  2. 

Sir  Baldwin,  2. 
"Devil's  Dancing  Ground,"  211. 
"Devil's  Woodyard,"  211. 
Deye,  Thomas  Cockey,  302. 
Dick,  Elisha  Cullen,  M.  D.,  319. 
Hannah  (Harmon),  319. 
Dickerson,     Caroline     Hewlett 
(Fowke),  16. 
William  H.,  ]6. 
Dickinson,  Hyram,  129. 

John,  340,  342,  349. 
Dielman,  Louis  Henry,  66,  76,  395, 
396,  397. 


Dillon's  Field,  249. 

Dines,  Mary  (— ),  293,  294. 

Thomas,  293,  294. 
Dinwiddle,  Elizabeth,  12. 
Dipper  Creek,  127. 
"Discovery,"  224. 
Divers,  Annanias,  147. 
Dixon,  Thomas,  374. 

Sarah  (— ),  374. 
Dogwood  Branch,  230. 
Done,  John  H.,  156. 
Patrick,  373. 
Donley,  Mary  Anne  (Sharp),  196. 

Taylor  Mason,  196. 
Donnavan,  Darby,  371. 
Dooley,  John,  141. 
Dorchester  County,  Md.,  362. 
Dorrell,    Christian     ( — )     Petersen, 
375,  377. 
Nicholas,  375,  377. 
Paul,  383. 
Dorrington,    Dorothy     ( — )     Robin- 
eon,  280,  281. 
Francis,  384. 
Dorsey,  Edward,  Major,  384. 
John,  147,  384. 
John  L.,  334,  335. 
Vernon  M.,  64. 
"  Double  Run,"  144,  149. 
"Doughoregan  Manor,"   127. 
Dover  Road,  257. 

Dowell,  Mrs.  George,  elected,  394. 
Doxey,  Thomas,  281,  282. 
Doyne,  Elizabeth,  192,  390,  391. 
Drew,  Anthony,  380,  385. 
Druid  Hill  Park,  120. 
Duane,  James,  342. 
Dublin,  Harford  Co.,  130,  131. 
Duck  Creek,  127. 
Duke,  Christopher,  145. 
"  Dukes  Pallace,"  145. 
Dulany,  Daniel,  the  elder,  179,  226, 
228 
Lloyd',  43,  44. 
Waiter,  45. 
Dttlany  Papers,  43. 
"  Dulany's   Park  Resurveyed,"  134. 
Dulany's  Vallev  Turnpike,  135. 
Dunderdall,  William,  385. 
Dunham,  Francis  Lee,  M.  D.,  64. 
Dunken,  Jane   ( — ),  380. 

Patrick,  380. 
Dunmore,   John    Murray,   4:th   earl, 

270,  276,  277,  351. 
Dunn,  Joana  ( — ) ,  290,  292, 
John,  253.  296. 
Robert,  290. 
Duram,  Alice  ( — )  Furnace,  370. 
Richard,  370. 


INDEX. 


421 


Durand,  Eliza  Davis,  280. 

William,  280. 
Durbin,  Samuel,  137. 
Duvall,  Richard  M.,  64,  65,  66. 
Dysor,  Philip,  383. 

Eager,    Mary    ( — )    Bucknall,    373, 

375. 
Earle,  Anne  {— )  Ayres,  295,  296. 
Swepson,  66. 
Thomas,  295,  296^ 
Earpe,  Thomas,  244. 
Eastham,  Susan,  202. 
Eaton,  William,  297. 
Ebden,  William,  239. 
Eccleston,  John  B.,  Judge,  161. 
Eden,  Caroline  (Calvert),  58. 

Robert,    Gov.,    58,    262,    263, 
264,  270,  279,  340,  342. 
Timothy  Calvert,  Sir,  58. 
William,  264,  270. 
Edloe,  Jeane,  284. 
Joseph,  284. 
Edmonds,    Elizabeth     ( — )     Hazle- 
wood  Gibson,  385. 
Richard,  385. 
Edmondson,  Joseph,  2. 
Edwards,  Ann,  284. 
Anne,  5. 
Hannah     (— )     Pot,    284, 

286,  288,  297,  298. 
Moses,  111. 
Richard,  297,  298. 
"  Edwards'  Enlargement,"  113. 
"Edwards'  Lott,"  113. 
"Edwards'  Run,"  113. 
Egerton,  Charles,  8r.,  191. 
Charles,  Jr.,  191. 
Diana,  Lady,  58,  389 
Mary   (Neale),  191. 
Scrope,    Duke    of    Bridge- 
water,  58. 
Egremont,  Charles  Wyndham,  Earl, 
59. 
George     Francis    Wynd- 
ham, Earl,  59. 
"  Elio  Carroll,"  121. 
Eliot,  Lawrence,  56. 

Margaret      (Charlton)      Cal- 
vert, 56. 
Elk  Ridge  Landing,  230,  231,  234. 
Elk  Ridge  Road,  235,  240,  241. 
Elledge,  Joseph,  117. 
Ellicott,  Andrew,  246,  248,  249. 
John,  246,  248,  249. 
Joseph,  246,  248,  249. 
Nathaniel,  246,  248,  249, 
Ellicott  City,  244,  246,  258,  259. 
Ellicott's  Lower  Mills,  244,  246, 


Ellicott's  Mills,  227. 

Ellicott's    Upper    Mills,    245,    246, 

248    249. 
Elliott,  Henry,  290,  291. 

Jane    (— )    Half  head,    290, 
291. 
Ellis,  Elizabeth    (  — )    Palmer,  290, 
291. 
James,  375,  379. 
Mary  (— )  Welsh,  375,  379. 
Peter,  290,  291. 
Elly,  —  Clarke,  280. 
John,  280,  281. 
"Ely  O'Carroll,"  119,  136. 
Emery,  Elsa  (von  Moltke)  countess, 
203,  393,  394. 
Frederick  Strother,  203,  393, 

394. 
John  Nelson,  203,  393. 
Joseph,  203,  394. 
Mary    Marshall     ( Nicklin ) , 

203,  393. 
Mary  Virginia,  203,  394. 
Eminson,  Tobias,  244. 
Emmorton,  Md.,  140. 
Emory,  Frederick,  174. 

William  H.,   170,  172,   176, 
177,  178. 
Emson,  James,  374,  375. 

Rebecca    ( — )    Darnall,  374, 
375. 
Endowment  Fund,  69,  75. 
Enoch,  Richard,  126. 
Ensor  family,  116. 
Ensor,  Jane,  119. 

John,  114,  118,  119,  247. 
Errington,  Capt.,  60. 
Estes,  Elizabeth  (Calvert),  201. 

George,  201. 
Eustis,  Elizabeth  (— ),  375. 

James,  375. 
Evans,  Alexander,  323. 
Benjamin,  375. 
Jacob,  120. 

John,  293,  295,  380,  382. 
Margaret,  370. 
Mary  (— ),  375,  380,  382. 
Sarah,  380. 

Sarah  (— )  White,  293,  295. 
Thomas,  380. 
William,  Col,  25. 
"  Everly  Hills,"  128. 
Evinges,    Sarah    ( — )    White,    284, 

287. 
Ewings,  John,  132. 
"  Ewings'  Luck,"  132. 
Extracts      feom      the      Cabboll 
Papers,  29. 


422 


MARYLAND   HISTOEICAL    MAGAZINE. 


Extracts      feom      the      Dulany 

Papers,  43. 
Eyton,  Anne,  3. 

Fairbrother,    Jane     ( — )     Mitchell, 
380. 
John,  380. 
William,  382. 
Fairfax,  Adah,  193. 
Fallon,  William  B.,  elected,  63. 
Falls  Road,  137. 

Fanning,   Jane    (Jean)     ( — ),    375, 
379. 
John,'375,  379. 
Farmer,  Elizabeth,  280. 
Mary,  280. 
Michael,  280. 
Farmer's  Ford,  137. 
"  Feather-bed  Lane,"  210. 
Felkes,  Edward,  143,  144. 
Felks'  Branch,  143,  144. 
Fell,  Edward,  117,  216. 
"Fell's  Footing,"  117. 
Fell's  Mill,  243. 
"Fell's  Point,"  116. 
"Fellowship,"  115. 
Felt,  Agnes  (McNulty),  406. 

Dorr  Eugene,  406. 
Felton,  John,  281,  282. 
Ferguson,  Jane    ( — )    Dunken,  380. 

Mary,  196. 
Ferry  Bar,  215,  243,  245. 
Ferry  Point,  215. 
Fessenden,    William    P.,    177,    178, 

234. 
Finch,  Guy,  384. 

Henry,  384. 
Rebecca,  384. 
First  Cabin  Branch,  136,   138,   139. 

142,  143,  144,  145,  149. 
Fisher,  — ,  280. 

Anne  (  — )  Burgess,  280,  282. 
Henry,  284. 
Katharine.  284. 
Robert,  284. 
William,  130. 
"  Fisher's  Delight,"  130. 
Fishwick,    Edward,    296,    297,    371, 
372. 
Margaret    ( — )    Bassett, 
296,  297,  371,  372. 
Fittes,  Missouri,  16. 
Fitz  Haut,  Piers,  54. 
Fitzgerald,  James,  57. 

Margaret  (Lee)  Calvert, 
57. 
Fitzhugh,  Anne   (Randolph),  315. 

George,    46,    48,    49,    50, 

134. 
Mary  Lee,  315. 


Fitzhugh,  William,  Col,  315. 

Henry     Maynadier,     Dr., 
elected,  397. 
Fitzpatrick,  Benjamin,  177,  178. 
FitzRoy,  Lady  Charlotte,  57. 
Fletcher,  Benjamin,  Gov.,  184. 
Foake,  see  Fowke. 
Fok,  see  Fowke. 
Fookes,  see  Fowke. 
Fooks,  see  Fowke. 
Ford,  Benjamin,  265,  266. 
'•'  Ford  Bottom,"  252. 
'•  Forest  of  Bucks,"  139. 
Fork,  Md.,  210. 

Fork  of  Gunpowder  River,  129,  134. 
Forrest,  Elizabeth,  284. 

Patrick,  284,  286. 
"  Fort  Garrison,"  123. 
Fossaker,  Mary,  11. 

Richard,  Capt.,  11. 
Foster,  E.  Edmunds,  65. 

Frederick,  elected,  397. 

Reuben,  elected,  397. 
Foster's  Fancy,  238. 
Fottrell,  Edward,  Dr.,  216. 
Fouke,  Foulk,  Foulque,  Fouque,  see 

Fowke. 
Fountain  Green,  141. 
Fowke,    Gerard.      Colonel    Gerard 

Fowke,  1. 
Fowke,  Abraham,  7. 

Adam,  4,  5,  11. 

Agnus  (Newman),  3. 

Alice  (de  Vere),  2. 

—  (Allin),  14. 

Ann  ( — )   Chandler,  4. 

Anne,  8,  12,  14,  16. 

Anne  (Allen)  Lady,  3. 

Anne  (Bradshaw),  3,  4. 

Anne  (Bunbury),  12. 

Anne  Bunbury,  15. 

Anne  (Chandler),  5,  9,  11. 

Anne  ( Eyton ) ,  3. 

Anne  (Fowke),  16. 

Ann  (Rogers) ,  14. 

Anne   (Stone),  12. 

Anne  (Thoroughgood) 

Chandler,  5,  6. 
Anphel,  13 
Arabella    ( Beauchamp ) , 

Lady,  2. 

—  (Bronaugh),  12. 
Caroline,  15. 
Caroline  Hewlett,  16. 
Caroline  S.,  16. 
Cassandra   ( Humphristone ) , 

3,  4. 
Cater,  17. 

—  (Cater),  16. 
Catherine,  12. 


INDEX. 


423 


Fowke,  Catherine  Elizabeth,  17. 
Chandler,  6,  8,  11,  12,  13. 
Clarence,  17. 

Dorothy  (Brown) ,  Lady,  2. 
Dorothy  (Cupper),  3,  4. 
Eliza,  14. 
Elizabeth,  4,  5,  11,  12,  13, 

15,  18. 
Elizabeth  (— ),  380,  381. 
Elizabeth  (Coiners),  4. 
Elizabeth  (Dinwiddle),  12. 
Elizabeth  Dinwiddle,  14, 
Ella  Hite,  16. 
Ellen   (Jenkins),  14. 
Enfield,  13. 
Frances,  12,  13. 
Francis,  3,  4,  8. 
Frank  Rede,  3,  4. 

—  (Frazier),  12. 
Frederick,  17. 
George,  13,  14,  16. 
Gustaviis  Ford,  16. 
(Hanitta  Amelia,  16. 
— •   (Hanson),  15. 
Harrison,  17. 
Henry,  Sir,  2,  3. 
Herman,  380,  381. 

—  (Hite),  15. 
Hope(?),  6. 

—  (Hope)  (?),  6. 
Isabel   (West)   Lady,  2. 
James,  17. 

Jane,  12. 

Jane  (Fowke),  12. 

Jane  (Ravnsford),  3,  4. 

Jean,  6,  11. 

John,  3,  4,  13. 

John,  of  Gunston,  3,  4. 

John,  Sir,  2. 

John  Cargill  Allin.  16,  17. 

John  Sidneyham,  13,  14,  16. 

Joseph  Russell,  15. 

Joyce  (March),  4. 

Judith,  13. 

Julienne  Paul,  16. 

Katie,  15. 

—  (Lomax),  11. 
Lucy,  13,  15. 
Lucy  B.,  14. 

Mabella  (Cole)  Lady,  2. 

Marinda,  15. 

Margery  (Smith),  15,  17. 

Marmaduke,  Sir,  2. 

Mary,  4.  5,  11,  13,  14,  17. 

Mary  (Bayley),  3,  4. 

Mary  C.  16. 

Mary   (Fossaker),  11. 

Mary  (Harrison),  12, 

Mary  J.,  15. 


Fowke,  Medora  Jessie  May,  16. 

Mirabell  (Harrison)   Lady, 

3. 
Missouri  (Fittes),  16. 
Nellie,  13. 
Orlando,  Sir,  1. 

—  (Peachy),  13. 
(Penn),  16. 

—  (Price),  17. 

—  (Reeder),  15. 
Richard,  2,  3,  7,  12,  13,  14, 

15,  288.  292. 
Richard   Chandler,    14,    15, 

16. 
Richard  Clarence,  16. 
Richard  S.,  17. 
Robert,  4. 

Robert  Dinwiddle,  13. 
Roger,  3,  4,  5,  10,  12,  13, 

14,  15,  17. 
Roy  Talford,  17. 

—  (Rudd),  14. 
Sallie,  15. 

Sallie   (Hanson),  14. 
Samuel  B.,  14,  16. 
Sarah,  13. 
Sarah  A.,  15. 
Sarah   (Bartlett),  13. 
Sarah   (Burdett),  11. 
Sarah  E.,  15,  16. 
Sarah   (Johnston),  13. 
Sarah  Massilon,  16. 

—  (Stealey),  14. 
Susan,  15,  16. 
Susan   (Baker),  13. 
Susan  C,  15. 
Susan  E.  (Hite),  14. 
Susan  (Hawes),  13. 
Susan  Rosabelle,  16, 
Sxisannah,  12,  13. 
Talbot,  4. 

Thaddeus  Edgar,  17. 
Thomas,  Sir,  2. 
Thomas  Harrison,  13,  14. 
Valentine,  15. 
Verlinda  Stone,  17. 

—  (Weaver) ,  17. 
William,  2,  3,  12,  14.  15. 
William  Augustus,  17. 
William  Chandler,   14. 
William  E.,  16. 
William  Peyton,  16.  17. 
William  Thomas,  16. 

"  Fox's  Old  Mill,"  143,  145. 
Foxcroft,  — ,  264. 
Foxon,  Richard,  280. 
Foy,  Andrew,  191. 

Barbara  (Kirke)  Calvert,  191. 


424 


MAEYLAND   HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 


Francis,    Sarah     ( — )     Siaw,    282, 
284,  286. 
Sarah  Shaw,  282. 
Thomas,  284,  286,  289. 
Francum,  Ann  (— ),  297,  298. 

Henry,  297,  298. 
Frankam,  Annah  ( — ),  288. 

Henry,  288. 
Frankham,  Annah  ( — ■) ,  288. 

Henry,  288. 
Franklin,  Benjamin,  260,  327,  342. 

Mrs.     Benjamin,     elected, 
64. 
Thomas,  241. 
Frazier,  Miss  — ,  12. 
Frederick  Road,  113,  234,  235,  236, 
Frederick  Town,  350,  351. 
Frederick  Turnpike  Road,  234,  235. 
"  Frederickstadt,"  226. 
"Freedom,"  140. 
Freeman,  Francis,  126,  372. 
French,  Michael,  130. 
Frick,  George  Arnold,  66. 
"  Friend's  Discovery,"  120,  143. 
Frisby,  — ,  187. 
Frock,  John,  244. 
Frowicke,  Elizabeth,  54. 
Fulk,  see  Fowke. 
Fuller,  Edward,  375,  378. 
John,  140. 

Sarah  (— ),  375,  378. 
Fulton,  Robert,  337. 
Furbey,  Hannah    ( — )    Baxter,  371, 
372. 
Thomas,  371,  372. 
Furnace,  Alice  ( — ),  370. 

Honora   (  — ),  381,  382. 
Nicholas,  370. 
William,  381,  382. 
Furnace  Creek,  240. 

Gadsden,  Christopher,  340,  342. 
Gale,  Walter  R.,  elected,  67. 
Gall,  George,   Major,   368. 
Gallion,  John,  141. 
Gamball,  William,  379. 
"Gardeson,"    114. 
Gardiner,   Christopher,    248. 

Elizabeth,  22. 

Elizabeth    (Hatton),   25, 
26. 

Elizabeth     (Weire),    27, 
28. 

John,   22,  26,  27,  248. 

Julian,  22,  23. 

Luke,  Capt.,  19  f. 

Richard,   20;5F. 

Thomas,  26. 
Gardiner's  Wading-place,  248. 


Garnett,  see  Gardiner. 
Garrett,  Barbara,  116. 

Dennis,   115,   116. 

James,  281,  282. 

Johanna  (Peake) ,  281,  282. 

John,  403. 

Robert,  403. 

Mrs.     T.     Harrison,     401, 
402,  403. 
Garrettson,  Ruthen,  293. 

Semelia   (— ),  293. 
Garrettson  Road,   147. 
"Garrison,"    105,    106,    110,    116  f., 

131  yf. 

Garrison  Avenue,  120. 

"Garrison   Forest,"    117,    120,   215, 

216. 
"Garrison    Ridge,"    117,    120,    121, 

146,  230. 
Garrison  Road,   105,   113,  117,  123, 
128,   129,  130,  135,  137,  146,  147, 
148. 
Garrison  Roads,  105  J^.,  207  if . 
Garrison-Deer  Creek  Road,  139. 
Gaskin,  James,  244. 
Gates,  Mrs.  Florence  J.,  elected,  63. 

John,  244. 
Gay,  Nicholas  Ruxton,   135,  212. 
George  III,  Idng  of  Gt.  Britain,  347. 
George,  William,  370. 
"Georgia,"  222,  224,  225,  226,  227, 

228,  236,  239,  240. 
"(Georgia  Plantation,"  224. 
"Gerar,"  129. 
G«rard,  Justinian,  385. 
German,  Sir  George,  270. 
Germantown,  146,   149. 
Gerrard,  Elizabeth,  318. 
John,  318. 
Rebecca,  314,  318. 
Thomas,  380,  381. 
Gest,  Richard,  232. 
Gibbons,    James,    Cardinal,    64,    70, 

397,  398,  399,  400,  401. 
Gibbs,  Anne   (  — )   Best,  288. 

John,  288. 
Gibson,  Elizabeth    ( — )    Hazlewood, 
1385. 
'Hannah,  290,  292, 
Miles,  384,  385. 
"Gibson's  Park,"  140. 
"Giles    and    Webster's    Discovery," 

130. 
Gill,  John,  224,  240,  374,  375. 
"Gill's  Outlet,"  224. 
Gilterope,  James,  375,  376. 

Lucy    (— ),  375,  376. 


INDEX. 


425 


Gist,  Christopher,   211,   240. 
Kichard,  117,  120,  215. 
Gittings,  James,  Jr.,   134. 
John,   289,  290. 
Margaret      (Stagg),     289, 

290. 
Mary,  280. 
Philip,  289. 
Thomas,   134,  135. 
Glenn,  John,  Judge,  321. 
Godscrosse,  Alice,  280. 

Charles,  280. 
James,  8r.,  280. 
James,   Jr.,  280. 
John,  280. 
Sarah,  280. 
Goldsborough,  Phillips  Lee,  66. 

Robert,      261,      277, 
341,  345. 
Goldsmith,  George,  288. 

Johannah     ( — )     Wells, 

288,   289. 
Mary,  288. 
Samuel,  288,  289. 
"Good  Hope,"   143,   144,  146,  148. 
"Good  Intent,"  60. 
Goodman,  Mary  C.  (Fowke),  16. 

P.  H.,  16. 
Goodwin,  Lyde,  241,  243. 

William,  134. 
Goodyere,  Joane  (Haute),  53. 

Thomas,  53. 
Goose  Creek,  127. 
Gore,  Capt.,  361. 

Gorly,  Barbara  ( — )  Chapman,  374, 
375. 
John, '374,  375. 
Gorsuch,  Anne,  113. 

Charles,  113,  222,  229. 
Lovelace,  113. 
Richard,  113. 
Robert,  113. 
Thomas,  119. 
"Gorsuch,"  226. 
Gorsuch's  Point,  215. 
Gosnell,  Maurice,  244. 
Peter,  244. 
William,  244. 
Gott,  Henry,  290,  291. 
Mary  (— ),  291. 
Gough,  Harry  Dorsey,  147. 

Hester    (Larkin),  293,  370, 

372. 
William,  293,  294,  370,  372. 
Gouldsmith,  Elizabeth,  385. 

George,  Capt.,  127. 
"  Gouldsmith's  Rest,"  127. 
Goulson,  Alice  Grodscrosse,  280. 


Govanstown,  120. 
''  Governor's  Fields,"  191. 
Graves,  William  J.,  152. 
Graveyard  Branch,  137,  138. 
Gray,  Albert  W.,  328. 
John,  375,  377. 
Mary,  375,  377. 
Great    Falls    of    Gunpowder    River, 
120,  129,  134,  135,  136,  137,  138, 
143,  144,  145. 
Green  Catherine   (Calvert),  198. 
Helen  (Calvert),  55. 
Henry,  198,  375,  376. 
Robert,  242. 

Samuel,    210,    220,   221,   227, 
231,  254. 
"  Green  Coat  Branch,"  130. 
"  Green  Coat  Cabin,"  132. 
Green  Coat  Cabin  Branch,  130,  131, 

133,  135. 
"  Green  Coat  Hill,"  131. 
"Green  Coat  Run,"  130. 
Green  Spring  Ave.,  136,  137. 
Green  Spring  Valley,  136,  137. 
Greenbury,  Charles,  Col.,  368. 

Nicholas,  Col.,  108,  110, 
112. 
Greene,  Thomas,  Gov.,  22. 
Greenfield,  Thomas,  Col.,  359,  360. 
Thomas  Truman,  367. 
Greenway,  William  H.,  65,  79. 
Greer,  John,  144,  145,  146,  147. 
Gresham's  College,  140. 
Greville,  Kathrine,  190. 
Grey,  Elizabeth    (Woodville),  54. 
Griffin,  Lewis,  293,  294. 

Sarah  (— ),  293,  294. 
Griffith,     Elizabeth     (— ),    Tassell, 
290,  291. 
Henry,  290,  291. 
Grimes,  Anne  (Fowke),  14. 
Groome,  Sybile   ( — )   Jowles,  291. 

William,  291. 
Grose,  Anne  (— ),  281,  282. 
John,  281. 
Roger,  281,  282. 
Grosise,  Elizabeth,  281. 
Frances,  281. 
John,  281. 
Roger,  281. 
William,  281. 
Grover,  John,  296,  297. 

Katharine    ( — )    Wynnall, 
296,  297. 
Grymes,  — ,  193. 

Jane      (Calvert)      Maddox 
Settle,  193. 
Gudgeon,  John,  140. 
Guernsey  (ship),  360. 


426 


MARYLAND   HISTOBICAIi    MAGAZINE. 


Guinne,  Susanna    ( — )    Neale,  284, 

286. 
Gunpowder  Falls,  134. 
Gunpowder  Neck,  140, 
Gunpowder  Pines,  148. 
Gunpowder    River,    120,    129,    142, 

145. 
"Gunston,"  11. 
Guybert,  Joshua,  367. 
Guyther,  Elizabeth  Davis,  284. 

Owen,  284. 
Gwin,  Eleanor,  221,  222,  223,  224. 

Richard,   220,   221,   222,  223, 

257. 
Thomas,  117. 
Gwinn,  John,  374. 
Gwinn's   Falls,    113,    120,    124,    130, 

208,  220. 
Gwinn's  Little  Falls,  220,  221. 
"Gwins   Run,"   218,   219,   220,   221, 

222,  235. 

"  Hab-Nab-at-a- Venture,"    120. 
Haeket,  Alice    ( — )    Skidmore,  293, 
295. 
Theopilis,   293,   295. 
Haile,  Nicholas,  120. 
Hale,  Nicholas,   116,  120,  243. 
"Hale's   Folly,"  243. 
Hales,  Elizabeth,  59. 

Sophia,   59. 
"Hales  Fellowship,"   120. 
Halfehead,  Jane    ( — ),  290,  291. 

John,  290,  291. 
Hall,  Charles,  244. 

John,     137,     138,     140,     141, 

263,   361,   380,   381. 
Joshua,  384. 

Margaret    ( — )    Isacks,  384. 
Mary,  297,  298. 
Richard,  297,  298. 
Sarah      ( — )      Collier,     380, 
381. 
"Hall's  Rich  Neck,"  138. 
Halloway,  John.   384. 

Martha    ( — )  Vines,    384. 
Hal  ton,  Edward,  221. 
Hambleton,  — ,  156. 
Hambrick,    Mariah     (Adams,     197, 
198. 
Mariah     (Calvert)     My- 
ers. 198. 
Nimrod,  Sr.,  197,   198. 
Nimrod,   Jr.,    198. 
Hamilton,     Alexander,     Gen.,     158, 
159,   160. 
J.  C,  160. 
John,  371,  372. 


Hamilton,  Robert,  372. 

iWilliam,   230,  245. 
Hammond,  John,   244,  252. 

Mary    (  — )    Roper,  291. 
Thomas,   Major,  233. 
William,  118,  207,  225, 
230,   234,  240. 
Hammond's  Ferry  Road,  240. 
Hamond,   Elinor,  282. 
Hampstead,  Mary  Reevely,  286. 

William,   286. 
Hance,  John,  285,  287. 

Mary    (— )    Kellett,  376. 
Sarah   ( — )    Waring,  287. 
Hancock,  Benjamin,  283,  285. 

John,   271,  273,  274,  275. 
Sarah,  283,  285. 
Hand,    Mary    Virginia     (Calvert), 
201. 
William,   201. 
Hands,  Thomas  B.,  263. 
Hang  Gold   Branch,    149. 
Hanson,  John,  214. 

Jonathan,   215,   216,   242. 
Mary,  215,  245. 
R.  E.,  67. 
Sallie,   14,  15. 
"Hanson's    Mill,"    214,    215,    245, 

246. 
"Hap  Hazard,"  247. 
"Happy  Be  Lucky,"  247. 
HarcouJt,  Philip,  386. 

Sir  Symon,  360. 
Hardman,    Capf.,    352. 
Harford,  Frances  Mary,  59. 

Henry,  59. 
Harford  County,  130. 
Harford  Road,   117,  142. 
Harford  Run,  114,   118,  242. 
Hargist,  Ann,  375. 

William,  375. 
Harmon,  Hannah,  319. 

Jacob,   319. 
Harpe,  Joseph,  244. 
Harper,  George  Houston,  64. 
Robert  Goodloe,  307. 
Harrington,  Charles,  285. 
iGrace,  282. 
Mary  Stockley,  285. 
Harriot,  Oliver,   142,   144,   149. 
Harris,  Elizabeth,  371. 

[Elizabeth    (— ),  297. 
Jackline    ( — )    Moore,   285, 

286. 
W.  Hall.,  65.  394,  395. 
William,  371,  372. 
Harris's  Creek,  242. 


INDEX. 


427 


Harrison,  Benjamin,   193,  204,  342. 
Daisy  Hope,  204. 
Elizabeth,   193,  390,  391, 

392. 
Elizabeth    ( — )     Benson, 

295,  296. 
Jane,  392. 
John,  373,  375,  379. 
John,  Sir,  3. 
iMary,  12. 
Mary     (  — ),     373,     375, 

379. 
Mary     Jane     (Lattner), 

204. 
Mirabell,  3. 
Richard,  295,  296. 
Sarah,  193,  297,  298. 
Thomas,  12. 
Thomas  Calvert,  392. 
William  Cole,  Ma j. -Gen., 
204. 
Harrod,  Oliver,  149. 
Harrys,  Loyd,  230. 
Harwood,   Capt.,  293. 
Hatton,  Elinor,  25. 

Elizabeth,  25,  26. 
Richard,  25. 
Samuel,  380,  381. 
Thomas,  25. 
Haudecour,  C.  F.,  138. 
Haughton,  Louise  C.  Osborne,  elect- 
ed, 397. 
Haute,    Elizabeth  ( Frowicke ) ,  Ladi/, 
54. 
Elizabeth    (Woodville),  54. 
Joane,  53. 
Thomas,  Sir,  54. 
William,  54. 
Hawes,  Alexander,   13. 

Lucy   (Fowke),  13, 
Susan,   13. 
Hawkins,  Anne    ( — ),  291. 

Elizabeth      ( — )      Eustis, 

375. 
Elizabeth     ( — )     Wynne, 

370,  371. 
Henry,  370,  371. 
John,  375. 
Ralph,   288. 

William,   288,  '291,   372. 
Hawksworth,  Joanna,  51. 
Hayden.  William  M.,  65,  79. 
Hayes,  Ida  Helen   (Soothoff),  203. 
James,  203. 

Lucy  Ware    (Webb),   202. 
Margaret   Anne   Peele,   203. 
Rutherford   B.,   202. 

11 


Hayman,  Elene,  381. 
Henry,  381. 
Hays,  John,  113,  114. 

John  Coflfee,  Col.,  199. 
Susan  Sophia  (iCalvert),  199. 
Haystack  Branch,  134. 
Hazlewood,    Elizabeth    ( — )    Collet, 
293. 
Elizabeth    ( — )    Gibson, 

385. 
Henry,  385. 
Head,  Calvert,  196. 

Sarah    Elizabeth     (Calvert), 

196. 
William  D.,    196. 
Hearne,  Thomas,  cited,  386. 
Heaton,  John,  195. 

Sarah    (Calvert),   195. 
Hedge,  Thomas,  114,  119,  214,  217. 
Hedger,  Robert,  19,  20. 
Helfrich,  Mrs.  Samuel,  elected,  63. 
Helm,  Anna   (Parish),  247. 
Mayberry,  246,  247. 
"Helmore,"  135. 
"Helmore's  Addition,"   135. 
Hemsley,  Philemon,  369. 
Henley,      Barbara       (Hungerford), 
Lady,  58. 
Sir  Robert,  58. 
Henry,  Daniel,  elected,  394. 

Joseph,    322,   323. 
Herbert,  Eleanor,  231. 
Herring  Run,  118,  242. 
Herrman,  Augustine,  405. 
Hersey,  Sarah  Wliite,  202. 
Hewitt,  Ann,  5. 

Charles,  251. 
William,  5. 
Hewlett,  Hanitta  Amelia    (Fowke), 
16. 
Sarah    (Fowke),    13. 
William  H.,  16. 
Heyley,    Mary     ( — )     Conory,    284, 

285. 
Hickman,  W.,  pub.,  67. 
Higgins,  Mary    (— ),  381. 

Michael,  381. 
Hill,  Clement.  26.  28,  246. 

Elizabeth    (Hatton)    Gardiner, 

26. 
Joseph,  367,  368. 
"Hill  Top,"  11. 
"Hills  of  Poverty,"  129. 
Hinson,  Anne    (— ),  293,  295. 
John,  285. 
Thomas,  293.  295. 
Hinton,  Alice    (— ),  376,  378. 
Thomas,  376,  378. 


428 


MARYLAND   HISTOEICAL    MAGAZINE. 


Eistory  of  the  Evangelical  Luther- 
an Synod  of  Maryland,  1820-1920. 
Wentz,    403. 
Hitchcock',  Mary  (— ),  375,  376. 

William,  375,  376. 
Hite,  Susan  E.,  14,  15. 
Hobson,  Mrs.  EfEe  Sargent,  elected, 

63. 
"  Hockley,"  239. 
Hockley  Forge,  238,  239. 
"  Hockley-in-the-Hole,"  239. 
Hoffman,  David,  321. 

Mrs.  K.  Curzon,  74. 
Holfworth,  John,  384. 
Holland,  Francis,  379. 

Hannah     ( — )     Alexander, 

369,  370. 
Richard,  369,  370. 
Eosalie      Eugenia       ( Cal- 
vert), 316. 
Sarah  (— ),  379. 
W.  W.,  Dr.,  316. 
William,  Col,  137. 
Hollingsworth,  Henry,  Lt.-Col.,  267. 
Katharine   Kennerly 
(Calvert),    199. 
Hollis,  Elizabeth  (Russell),  296. 

William,  296. 
Hollyday,  James,  261,  263,  264,  277, 

278,  340,  345,  347. 
Holman,  Sarah,  381. 
Homes,  Philis   (  — ),  289. 

Thomas,  289. 
Honey   Gold    (llorney   Gold,   Horn- 
gold,   Honeygo)    creek,    147,    148, 
149. 
Hood,  Benjamin,  248. 

James,  247,  248,  249. 
Robert,  282,  285,  286. 
"  Hood's  Haven,"  248. 
Hood's  Mills,  248.  249. 
Hooe,  Robert  T.,  261. 

Anne  (Fowke),  12. 
Hooker,  Thomas,  106. 
Hookstown,  213,  215,  219. 
Hooper,  George,  381. 

Henry,  Brig.-Gen.,  260. 
Mary   (  — )'  Clagett,  280. 
Richard,  280. 
Robert,  281. 
Sarah   (  — ),  381. 
Thomas,  282. 
William,  342. 
Hope,  Charlotte,  59. 
Elizabeth,  59. 
Richard.  8. 
"  The  Hope,"  214,  217,  218. 
Hopewell  Creek,  127. 
"Hopewill,"  126. 


Hopkins,  Anne,  381. 

Anne   ( — )    Coventon,  297. 
Joseph,  Capt.,  381. 
Judith,  381. 
Phillip,  297. 
iSarah  (— ),  381. 
Hopper,   Philemon    B.,   Judge,    168, 

169. 
Horner,  William,  Dr.,  6,  11. 
Horriss,  Mary  ( — ),  376. 

Thomas,  376. 
«  The  Horse  Shoe,"  193,  389,  390. 
Horsehead  Branch,  209. 
Horsley,  Joseph,  288. 

Rozamond  (— ),  288. 
Horton,  Edward,  220. 
Hoskins,  Edwin  S.,  elected,  394. 

Lawrence,  376,  378. 
House,  Ursula   ( — )   Bagby,  297. 

William,  Jr.,  297. 
Houston,  Sam,  163,  169. 
Howard,    MoHenby.      Some    Early 

Colonial  Marylanders,  19,  179. 
Howard,  Benjamin,  328. 

Cornelius,  214,  234. 
David  Ridgely,  205,  394. 
Edmond,  209,  244,  245. 
Henry,  371.  372. 
John,  224,  328. 
John  Eager,  152,  328. 
Joshua,  117,  119,  210. 
Lemuel,  132. 
McHenry,  66. 
Nathan,  384. 
Ruth  (Teal),  244,  245. 
"  Howard's  Chance,"  224. 
"Howard's  Fancy,"  210. 
"Howard's  Square,"  119. 
"  Howard's  Timber  Neck,"  243. 
Howes,  Phillis    (— ),  288,  291,  292. 

Thomas,  288,  291,  292. 
Howison,  see  Howson. 
Howson,  Mary,  191. 

Robert.  191. 
Hubbard,  John,  296. 

Margaret     ( — )     Leekins, 
296. 
Hutchins  (Houchins),  William,  247. 
Hughes,  Mary  Frances,  201. 
Humphristone,  Cassandra,  3. 

William,  3. 
Hungerford,  Barbara,  58. 

Sir  Edward,  58. 
Hunniman,  Amanda,  201. 
Hunt,  Laura,  316. 

Susanna,  285. 
Susanna  Keene,  285. 
William,  285. 
Wornell,  369. 


INDEX. 


429 


Hunter,  Susan  Maria,  202. 
"  Hunting  Ridge,"  201,  243,  390. 
"Huntingdon,"  113. 
Huntington,  Comm.,  358,  360,  361. 
Hurd,  Andrew,  119,  218. 
"Hurd's  Camp,"  119. 
Husband,  Mary  ( — ),  375. 

William,  375. 
Hutehins,  Charles,  Col,  108,  109. 

Charles  L.,  elected,  397. 
Hutchins's  plantation,  247. 
Hutchinson,  William,  109,  110. 
Hyde,  Henry,  57. 

Jane  (Calvert),  57,  388. 
John,  57. 
Hynson,  Eev.  Benjamin  T.,  elected, 
394. 

Henry  Parr,  M.  D.,  elected, 
63. 
Iglehart,  James  D.,  M.  D.,  66,  67. 
"Indian   Cabbin  Neck,"   127. 
"Indian  Cabin  Cove,"  128. 
Indian  Ford,  251. 
Indian  Fort  Branch,  127. 
Indian  Island,  253. 
"Indian  Old  Fields,"   129. 
"Indian  Quarter,"  127. 
Indian  Road,  229,  230. 
Indian  Wills  Cabin  Branch,  129. 
Ingersoll,  C.  J.,  333. 
Ingerson,  Daniel,  383. 

Seth    (  — ),  383. 
Ingle's  Rebellion,  23. 
Inglish,  Dennis,  374,  376. 
Ingram,  John,   144. 
"Iron  Works  Landing,"  229,  230. 
Isaack,  Edward,  283,  285. 

Rebecca,   283,  285, 
Isacks,  John,  384. 

Margaret   ( — ),  384. 
"The  Island,"  117. 
Israel,  John,  240,  244. 
Iverson,  Alfred,  169. 
"  Ivy  Hills,"  236. 
Jackson,   Andrew,   80,   333,   334. 

Anna  Calvert,  20O. 

Anna  Maria,  200. 

Anna     Maria      (Calvert), 
200. 

Caroline      Toney       (Coch- 
rane), 200. 

Churchill  Calvert,  200. 

Edward,  D.  D.,  200. 

Edward  Calvert,  200. 

Elizabeth    (Wilson),  200. 

George  Calvert,  200. 

Henry  Melville,   200. 

Isaac,    222. 


Jackson,    Mrs.    John    Joseph,    299, 
300. 
Josephine  (Ross),  200. 
Margaret,  379. 
Margaret    (Kemp),   200. 
Marshall  Parks,   200. 
Olive  Caldwell,  200. 
Rebecca    (Lloyd),   200. 
Samuel  Keerl,  Dr.,  200, 
Thomas,  379. 
Violet  Lee    (Pace),  200. 
William   Congreve,  200. 
James,    Anne    ( — )    Lowder,  291. 
Ellinor    (  — ),  376. 
Richard,  376. 
Sarah  "(— )   Stevens,  370. 
Thomas,  370. 
Walter,    144. 
James     Alfred     Pearce.      B.     C. 

Steiner,  319. 
James  Alfred  Peiabce.    Some  Let- 
ters from   Correspondence  of  — , 
Ed.   by  B.  C.  Steiner,  150. 
"James'  Run,"  138,  139. 
Janssen,  Abraham,  57. 
Mary,  58,  389. 
Stephen  Theodore,   58. 
Sir  Theodore,  58. 
Jarrett,  Abraham,  129. 
Jarvis,  Mary,  376. 

Robert,  376. 
Jay,  John,  158,  159,  160,  342,  349. 
Jefferson,  Thomas,   342,   347. 
Jenifer,  Daniel,  262,  263,  275,  276, 

326,  329. 
Jenifer's  Branch,  141,  143. 
Jenkins,  Ellen,  14. 

Francis,  Col.,  360. 
IMary   Frances,   199. 
Jennings,  Anne,  201. 
Jett,  Hannah  (Calvert),  195. 

John,   195. 
Joce,  Anne,  376,  378. 

Thomas,   376,   378. 
Johnson,  Albert,  376. 

Anthony,  229. 
Baker,   267. 

Elizabeth   (— )   Utie,  385. 
Henry,  385. 
James,  267,  351. 
Jeremiah,    375,    376. 
John,  297,  381. 
Leonard,   Capt.,   376. 
Lucy  ( — )   Gilterope,  375, 

376. 
Peter,  285,   286. 
Reverdy,  154. 
Roger,  267. 


430 


MARYLAND   HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 


Johnson,  Sarah  (  — ),  285,  286. 
Thomas,  134,  135,  137. 
Thomas,       Gov.,       260  ff., 

340  ff. 
William  Cost,  335. 
"Johnson's  Ford,"  137. 
"Johnson's  Interest,"  229. 
Johnston,  Albert  Sidney,  Col.,   176, 
177,   178. 
Christopher,    M.D.,    112, 

188. 
Enfield    or    Anphel 

(Fowke),  13. 
Gabriel   Jones,    13. 
Katharine    Kennerly 

(Calvert),   199. 
Richard,  Capt.,   16. 
Sarah,    13. 
Sarah Massilon  (Fowke) , 

Treanor,    16. 
Thomas   D.,   Col.,    199. 
Johnstone   Harriet    (Lane),    202. 
Jolly,  Edward,  285. 
Jones,  Ann    ( — )    Weaver,  383. 

Anne    (Gorsuch)    Todd,    113. 
David,  242. 
David,  Capt.,   113. 
Edward,  370,  372. 
Elizabeth       ( — )       Steevens, 

282. 
Elizabeth  (  — )  Vaughan,  381, 

383. 
Ellinor    (— ),  378. 
George,  27. 
Honoria,  27. 

Katharine    (— ),  376,   379. 
Margaret,  27. 

Mary    ( — )    Davis,  281,  282. 
Mary     ( — )     Hitchcock,    375, 

376. 
Morgan,   281.  282,   284. 
Moses,  376,  379. 
Philip,  376. 
Philip,  Cap.,  229,  230. 
Richard,    117,   282,   368,   378, 

381,  38.3. 
Robert,  373. 
Susan   ( — ).  376. 
Thomas,  132. 
William,  375,  376. 
Jones  Falls,  105,  113,  118,  136. 
Joppa  Road,  144,  145,  146,  148,  210, 

215,  242. 
Joppa  Town,  148. 
Jordan,  Mrs.  Mary  W.,  74. 
Jowles,  Henry,  29i. 

Henry  Peregrine,  367. 
Sybile    (  — )  Groome,  291. 


Joy,  Martha  ( — ),  376. 

Peter,    376. 
Judwins  Falls,  124,  208. 

Kaine,  William,  285. 
Kaylor,  Daniel  Pringle,  203. 
Eliza,  203. 
John,  198. 

Sarah  (Calvert),  198. 
Sarah  McBryde,  203. 
Keene,  Susanna,  285. 
Keidel,  George  C.    Catonsville  Bio- 
graphies, 299. 
Keidel,  George  C,  404. 
Keith,  Sir  William    (Gov.  of  Pa.), 

252. 
Kellett,  Christopher,  376. 

Mary  (^)  Hance,  376. 
Kemp,  Marguerite,  200. 

W.  Thomas,  63. 
"  Kemp's  Run,"  242. 
Kennard,  Richard,  384. 

Sarah  ( — )  Hopkins,  381. 
Kenneday,  James,  290,  291. 

Mary  (  — ),  290,  291. 
Kennedy,  Anthony,  324. 

John  Pendleton,  332,  335, 
336. 
Kensey,  Hugh,  224. 
Kent,  Henry,  Jr..  280,  285. 

Martha  (Brasseur),  280,  285. 
William,  376. 
Kent  County,  Md.,  362,  367. 
Kerr,   John   Leeds,   U.    S.    Senator, 

334. 
Keyser,  Capt.,  189. 
Kimble,  Pearl  B.,  elected,  397. 
"  Kindness,"  114. 
King,  Henrv,  111. 

J.  Bittle,  155. 
King  William's   School,  Annapolis, 

187. 
Kingsville,  Md.,  210. 
Kinnersley,  Isabel,  3,  4. 
'■Kiplin,"  51. 
Kirk,  John,  253. 
Kirke,  Barbara,  191. 
Martin,  191. 
Mary,  191. 
Knight,  Cornelia  Russell,  317. 
Knolls,  John,  19. 
Knowles,  John,  19,  20. 
Krebs,  William  George,  321  n. 
Kurtz,  Benjamin,  Rev.,  404. 

J.  David,  Rev.,  404. 
Kynnersley,  see  Kinnersley. 

Ladd,  Richard,  288. 

Rozamond  ( — )  Horsley,  288. 


INDEX. 


431 


Lafayette,     Marquis     de.       Statue, 
Washington    Square,     Baltimore, 
Md.,  395. 
Laird,  Martha  J.,  321. 

William  H.,  D.  D.,  321. 
Lake  Eoland,  120. 
Lancaster  Forge,  137. 
"  Land  of  Nodd,"  140. 
Landis,  John  T.,  elected,  397. 
Lane,  Darby,  244. 

Elizabeth    Taliaferro    ( Strib- 

ling),  202. 
George  Steptoe,  202. 
Harriet,  202. 
Margaret   ( Evans ) ,  370. 
Mary  Newton,  202. 
Samuel,  370. 
Samuel,  Major,  370. 
Lang,  Susan  C.   (Fowke),  15. 

Theodore  F.,  Dr.,  15. 
Larkin,  Hester,  293,  294. 

John,  106,  376. 
Larkins,  John,  291. 
Larsh,  Valentine,  243. 
Latane,  John  H.,  66. 
Latham,  Nellie  (Fowke),  13. 
Latrobe,  John  H.  B.,  307,  310. 
Lattner,  Mary  Jane,  204. 
Law,  Elizabeth  Parke  (Custis) ,  314. 

Thomas,  314. 
Lawrence,    Thomas,    Sir,    185,    186, 

360,  363. 
Lawson,  Alexander,  247. 
"Lazaretto,"  215. 

Lazenby,     Charles     Calvert,     Capt., 
317. 
Mrs.  Margaret,  317. 
Leakin,  Rev.  Dr.  George,  105. 

J.  Wilson,  65. 
Lee,   Charles,    Gen.,   270,    271,    272, 
342. 
Charlotte,  Lady,  57,  389. 
Charlotte    (Fitz   Koy),    Lady, 

57. 
Edward  Henry,  Earl  of  Lich- 
field, 57. 
Elizabeth  Collins,  63. 
Harry,  Gen.,  316. 
Margaret,  57. 

Mary    Anne    Eandolph     (Cus- 
tis), 315. 
Philip,  368. 

Richard  Henrv,  340,  343. 
Robert  Edward,  Gen.,  205,  315, 
316. 
Leed's  (Daniel)  Almanack  for  1693, 

407. 
Leekins,  John,  296. 

Margaret  ( — ),296. 
Legg,  James  C,  68. 


Leidgett,  Julian  ( — ),  373. 

Thomas,  373. 
Letters  of  the  Continental  Congress, 

Burnett,  404. 
"  The  Level,"  254. 
Lewes,  Edward,  247. 
Lewis,  Abigail   (  — ),  376,  378. 

Eleanor  Parke  (Custis),  314. 
Elizabeth  (  — ),  295. 
Henry,  376,  378. 
Henry,  M.  D.,  293,  295. 
Henry,  Jr.,  293,  295. 
James,  376,  378. 
Katherine,  376,  378. 
Lawrence,  314. 
Richard,  387. 
Lexington,  Anne  (Fowke),  14. 
Libby,  Mrs.  Augusta  M.,  65. 
Liberty  Road,  120. 
Library    Association    of    Baltimore, 

305. 
Lichfield,  Edward  Henry  Lee,  Earl 

of,  57. 
The    Life    of    Thomas    Johnson. 
Edward     8.     Delaplaine,     260  ff., 
340  ff. 
Lightfoot,  Thomas,  143,  145. 
Lile,  Mary  ( — )   Farmer,  280. 
Lilly,  Henry  Walter,  Dr.,  317. 

Hester    Virginia     (Calvert), 
317. 
Lincoln  Highway,  128. 
Lindsav,  Anne   (Calvert),  194. 

'William,  Capt.,  194. 
Lindsev,  Jane   (— )   Potts,  380,  381. 

Thomas,  380,  381. 
Lingham,  George,  144,  147. 
"  Lingham's  Adventure,"  144,  147. 
Link,  Hannah    (Calvert),  198. 

Peter,   198. 
Linsey,  Katherine    ( — ),  372. 

Thomas,    372. 
List  of  Members,   81. 
"  Litterlouna,"   121. 
Little  Britain  Ridge,  115,  118. 
Little  Creek,  129. 
Little  Deer  Creek,  129. 
Little  Falls  of  Gunpowder,  129,  132, 

138,    139. 
Litton,  Thomas,   137,   141. 
Livingston,  R.   R.,  342. 

William,   342. 
Lloyd,  Edward,  381. 

Eliza    Armistead     (Selden), 

200. 
Hannah,  381. 
Henrietta  Maria,  381. 
Henry,  Gov.,  65. 
John,  200. 


432 


MARYLAND    HISTOEICAX,    MAGAZINE. 


Lloyd,  Maria,  381. 

Mary,  381. 

Philemon,  381. 

Kebecca,  200. 
Loch  Raven,   134. 
Logsdon,  William,  117. 
Lomax,  Miss  — ,  11. 
Long  Bridge,  240. 
Long  Calm,  252. 
Long  Calm  Ford,  145. 
Long  Calm  Road,  145,  146,  149. 
"  Long  Discovery,"  248. 
Long  Green  Run,  145. 
Long  Green  Valley,  134. 
"Long  Island  Point,"   116. 
"Long  Look,"  129. 
"Long  Point,"  242. 
Lords    of    Trade    and    Plantagons, 

1358. 
Lother,  Lucy   (Fowke),  15. 
Louallier,  Louis,  Sr.,  333,  334. 
Louden  Park  Cemeterv,  113. 
Love,  Robert,  139,  140,  141,  143. 
"  Lovely  Hill,"  139. 
Lowder,  Anne   ( — ),  291. 

Edward,   291. 
Lowe,  Anne   (Cavendish),  56. 

Charles,  314,  388. 

Henry,  383. 

Jane,  55,  56,  389. 

Nicholas,   Major,   368. 

Susannah   ( — )   Darnall,  383. 

Vincent,  56. 
Lowndes,  W.  Bladen,  61,  67. 
Luffman,  Marv    ( — ).  372. 

William,    372. 
"Lunn's  Lott,"  214,  215,  216. 
Lustick,  Richard,  22. 
Lux,  Darby,  Capt.,  213. 

William,  215,  247,  248. 
Lynch,  Thomas,  Jr.,   342. 
Lynes,  Philip,  360,  361. 
Lvtfoot,  Thomas,  r06. 
Lytle,  William  H.,  66, 

Macall,  John,  368. 
McBryde,  Henry,  203. 

Mary    (Whitfield),  203. 
Sarah,   203. 
Maccaney,  John,  244. 
McCarthys  in  Early  American  His- 
tory.    O'Brien,  405. 
McClellan,  John,  221,  231. 
William  J.,  66. 
MeClellan's  Alley,  242. 
McClure,  Samuel,  197. 

Virginia  Emma    (Smith), 
197. 


MoColgan,  Edward,  elected,  394. 
MoGregory,  Hugh,  293. 
McGruder,  Mrs.,  11. 
Mackdowell,  Elizabeth  (— ),  382. 
Henry,  382. 
James,   382. 
John,  385. 
McKean,  Thomas,  342. 
Mackeye,  Elizabeth    (— ),  286,  287. 

John,   286,   287. 
Mackfarland,  Alexander,  382. 

Elizabeth  ( — )  Selley, 
382. 
Mackie,  Ebenezer,  61,  62. 
Mackinze,  John,  244. 
Macknemara,    Sarah     ( — )     Grifl&n, 
293    294. 
Timothy,  293,  294. 
Mackubin,  Eleanor,  316. 

Zac,  247. 
Maclane,  Hector,   194. 
Sarah,   194. 

Sarah    (Morgan),    195. 
Macnamara,  Michael,  217. 

Thomas,  114,  115. 
McPike,  John,  129. 
"McPike's  Reserve,"  129. 
MacTavish,  Charles  Carroll,  305. 

John,  306. 
Macubin,  Ella,  403. 

Hester    Ann     (Worthing- 

ton),  316. 
Richard  Creagh,  Dr.,  316. 
Zoe  Ammen,  317. 
Maddock,    Annah     ( — )     Frankum, 
288. 
Anne    (— ),  298. 
Anne     ( — )     Francum, 

297. 
Edward,  288,  298. 
Henry,   297. 

Margery       ( — )       Stone, 
298. 
Maddox,  Jane,  194. 

Jane  (Calvert),  193. 
John,  Capt.,   193. 
Marv,  194. 
Sarah,  194. 
Madison,  James,  159. 
Magrouder,  Samuel,  373. 
Magruder,  James  M.,  63. 
"Maiden's  Choice,"  112,  113. 
Maiden's  Choice  Run,  227. 
"Maiden's  Mount,"  252. 
"  Majors  Choice,"  140. 
Manning,  Cleveland  P.,  elected,  397. 
Joseph,  296,  298. 
Mary  (— ),  296,  298. 


INDEX. 


433 


Manning,  Priscilla,  378. 
Mansfield,  Edward  D.,  150,  151,  321. 
March,  Joyce,  4. 

Richard,  4. 
Marriartee,  Daniel,  368. 
Marsh,  John,  244. 

Thomas,  135. 
Marshall,  John,  158. 
Marsham,   Anne    (Calvert)    Brooke 
Brent  Tasker,  190. 
Richard,  190. 
Martin,  John,  298. 
Mary,  298. 
Sarah,  316. 
Martindale,     Ruth  .  { — )     Vaughn, 

298. 
Mary,  Queen  of  England,  180,  181, 

182,  184. 
Marye,  William  B.    The  Baltimore 
County  "  Garrison  "  and  the  old 
Garrison  Roads,  105,  207. 
Maryland,    Boundary    line    of,    357, 

358,  366. 
Maryland  Church  Plate,  74. 
Maryland  Convention,  1776,  341  ff. 
Maryland,  Independence  of,  341  ff. 
Maryland  Institute,  164,  165. 
Mason,  Anne   (— ),  294,  295. 
George,  11. 
James  M.,  11. 
Mary  (Fowke),  11. 
Miles,  294,  295. 
Massie,  Elizabeth  (Adams),  197. 
John  William,  198. 
Lewis  David,  197. 
Margaret  (Bragg),  198. 
Margaret      Elizabeth,      197, 

199. 
Mary '(Cloud),  198. 
Mary  Virginia,  198. 
Thomas  Bernard,  198. 
Mathews,  Catherine    ( Calvert) 
Green,  198. 
Jacob,  198. 
Matthews,  Edward  B.,  66. 
Jane,  285. 
Jane  Bread,  283. 
Thomas,  8. 

Thomas,  Dr.,  283,  285. 
Matson,  John,  244. 
Maxwell,  James,  Col,  107,  140,  368. 
Mayer,  Brantz,  157. 
Meade,  Andreio,  of  Ireland  and  Vir- 
ginia.    Baskerville,  406. 
Meade,  William,  Rev.,  68. 
"  Meadow  Land,"  130. 
Medley,  Anne  (  — )  Cole,  284,  286. 
John,  284,  286. 


Meigs,  William  M.,  333. 

"  Mercantile    Library    Association," 

164. 
Mercer,  Jean  (Fowke),  6,  11. 
Mercier,  Cardinal,  port.,  70. 

John,  224. 
Meredith,  Samuel,  134,  135. 
"  Meredith's  Ford,"  120,  134,  135. 
Meridale,  Thomas,  296. 
Merikin,  Hugh,  372. 
Merrick,  William  D.,  336. 
Merryman,  Gittings,  129. 
Michael,  Elizabeth  ( Thoroughgood ) , 
6. 
John,  Capt.,  6. 
"  Michael's  Addition,"  144. 
"  Michael's  Chance,"  144,  148. 
Middle  Branch,  117,  220. 
Middlefield,  Martha,  285,  286. 
Thomas,  285,  286. 
Middletown,  Md.,  342. 
"Milford  Haven,"  121. 
"  Mill  Haven,"  224,  228. 
Mill  Run,  138. 
Miller,  Theodore  Klein,  64. 

William,  247. 
Miller's  Ford,  247. 
Millington  Lane,  234. 
Mills,  Tabitha   (— )    Blanford,  287, 
288 
William,  287,  288. 
Missouri  Constitutional  Convention, 

1815,    Journal,  406. 
Mitchell,  Anne  Bunbury    (Fowke), 
15. 
Charles  S.,  Col.,  15. 
Elizabeth   (— ),  382. 
Elizabeth      (Fowke),     15, 

18. 
Ignatius,  15. 
Jane   (  — ),  380,  382. 
John,  382. 
William,  380. 
Moale's  Point,  238,  243. 
Moltke,    Elsa    von,    Countess,    203, 

393,  394. 
Molton,  Mathew,  141. 
"  Mondawmin,"  221. 
"  Monk's,"  214. 
"  Monmouth  Green,"  224. 
Moon,  Sarah  E  (Fowke),  16. 
Moore,   Jackline    ( — )    Harris,   285, 
286. 
-lames.  285,  286. 
]\foore's  Mills,  216. 
Morgan,  Alice   ( — ),  283. 
Jarvis,  283. 
iSarah,  195. 
Thomas,  Capt.,  195. 


434 


MAEYLAND   HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 


"  Morgan's  Delight,"  120. 
Morough,  John,  377. 
Morrah,  Ansjius,  375,  377. 
Morrice,  Robert,  372. 
Morrill,  Justin  S.,  165. 
Morris,   Caroline   Maria    (Calvert), 
315. 
E.  W.,  163. 
John,  373,  376. 
John  G.,  Rev.,  404. 
Robert,  285,  286,  342,  352, 

353. 
Sarah    ( — )    Johnson,  285, 

286. 
Thomas  Willing,  315. 
Mosby,  Anne  B.,  201. 
Mosse,  Elizabeth,  293. 

Richard,  293. 
"  Mt.  Airy,"  313,  314,  317,  318. 
"Mount  Clare,"  224,  225,  227,  235, 

241. 
"  Mount  Dillon,"  304. 
"  Mount  Gilboa,"  246. 
"Mount  Oigan,"  i]9. 
"  Mount  Royal,"  216. 
Mountenay,  Alexander,   118. 
"  Mountenay's  Glade,"  118. 
"  Mountenay's  Neck,"  118. 
Mountenay's  Run,  114,  118,  242. 
Moy,  Elizabeth  (— ),  285. 

Richard,  285. 
Murphy,  Ann   (Edwards),  284. 
Daniel,  284. 

Mary  (— )  Gray,  375,  377. 
Patrick,  375,  377. 
Murray,  James,  120. 

Josephus,  119,  210. 
"  Murray's  Farm,"  210. 
Musgrove,  Anthony,  244. 
"  My  Lords  Gift,"  141. 
Myers,  Albert  Cook,  407. 
Jacob,  198. 

Mariah  (Calvert),  198. 
Mynes,  Marjory,  373. 

Robert,  373. 
Mynne,  Anne,  53,  54,  391. 

Elizabeth    (Wroth),  53,  54. 
George,  53,  54. 

Nash,  Anne,  281. 

Anne  Blunt,  279. 
Neale,  Anne,  281. 

Anne   (Boyd),  279. 

Clarke,  288. 

Elizabeth,  200. 

Elizabeth   (Calvert),  191. 

Hannah,  192. 

James,  382. 

James,  Capt.,  191. 

John,  279,  281. 


Neale,  Jonathan,  286, 
Margaret,  280. 
Mary,  191. 
Rachel,  288. 
Rebecca,  280. 
Samuel,  280. 
Susannah,  284,  286. 
William,  284,  286. 
Necker  Road,  145. 
Neilson,  George,  311. 
Nelson,  John,  128. 

Mary  Jane,  202. 
Nesbitt,  Rev.  John,  elected,  397. 
New  Mexico,  Historical  Society  of, 

406. 
New  Port,  Baltimore  Co.,  Md.,  141, 

142. 
New  Scotland,  109. 
"New   Town,"   220,   221,    222,    223, 
224,  225,  226,  227,  231,  235,  236, 
257. 
Newman,  Abraham,  282. 
Agnus,  3. 

Anastasia   ( — ),  377,  378. 
Elinor  Hamond,  282. 
George,  377. 
John,  3,  117. 
Richard,  377,  378. 
William,  383. 
Newsome,  Helen,  194. 
Newton,  Sarah,  291. 
Nicholas,  S.  S.,  Judge,  333. 
Nicholson,  Capt.,  272,  353. 

Francis,    Gov.,   112,   183, 

184,  185,  186,  187. 
Hester    (Larkin)    Gough, 

293,  370,  372. 
Nicholas,   294,   370,    372. 
NiCKLiisr,    John    Bailey    Calvert. 
The  Calvert  Family,  50,  189,  313, 
389. 
Nicklin,  Benjamin  Patten,  64,  203, 
394. 
Benjamin  Strother,  202. 
Catharine  Thornton   (Pen- 
dleton), 202. 
Cecilius  Calvert,  202. 
Daisy    Hope     (Harrison), 

204. 
Dwight  Pendleton,  203. 
Eliza   (Kaylor),  203. 
Elizabeth  '(Calvert),    199, 

201. 
Elizabeth    Catherine,    203, 

393. 
Harriet  (Utley),  203,  394, 
Jacob  Richards,  202. 
John  Bailev,  201,  202,  203. 
394. 


INDEX. 


435 


Nicklin,   John  Bailey   Calvert,   Lt., 
204. 
Joseph,  199,  201. 
Joseph,  M.   D.,  201. 
Joseph  Marshall,  201,  202. 
Laura  Pendleton,  203,  394. 
Levi  Orme  Connor,  202. 
Lucy  Crane,  393,  394. 
Margaret    Anne    Peele 

(Hayes),  203. 
Margaretta  (Shriver) ,  202. 
Martha  Anne,  199,  202. 
Martha     (Eichards),    201. 
Martha  Virginia,  203,  393. 
Mary  Jane   (Nelson),  202. 
Mary  Marshall,  203,  393. 
Mary  Newton  (Lane),  202. 
Samuel  Church,  203,  393, 

394. 
Samuel  Strang,  204. 
Sarah     White      (Hersey), 

202. 
Susan  (Eastham),  202. 
Susan     Maria     (Hunter), 

202. 
William  Fuller,  203,   394. 
William   Henry  Harrison, 
202. 
"  Nodd  Forest,"  140. 
Norman,  Anne  (Jennings),  201. 
Norris,  Charlotte  Augusta,  316. 
Isaac  T.,  66. 
Sarah  (Martin),  316. 
William,  316. 
"  North  Carolina,"  213. 
North  Point  Road,  215. 
Norwood,  Edward,  239. 

Frank  C,  elected,  397. 
Notes,  Books  Received,  etc.,  403. 
Notes  from  the  Early  Records  op 
Maryland.      Jane   Baldwin   Cot- 
ton, 279,  369. 
Notley,  Anne,  192. 

Thomas,  255. 
Nottingham  Iron  Works,  147. 
Nussum,  see  Newsome. 
Nuthall,  James,  373,  377,  380. 
Nuthalls,  Elias,  289. 

O'Brien,  Michael  J.,  405. 
O'Daniel,  Thomas,  284. 
O'Donovan,  Louis,  Rev.,  397,  400. 
Officers'  Fees.  29,  30,  363. 
Offley,  Anne  (Osborne),  5. 

Robert,  5. 

Sarah,  5. 
Ogg,  George.  214,  223,  231. 
Old  Conestoga  Road,  258. 
Old  Court  Road,  117,  211,  212,  229, 
230,  251,  259. 


"  The  Old  Ford,"  236. 

"  Old  Forge  Pool,"  227. 

Old  Forge  Road,  146,  147,  148. 

Old  Frederick  Road,  235,  245,  246, 

248,  249. 
Old  Garrison  Road,  231,  235. 
Old  Indian  Road,  120,  122,  126,  209, 

230,  250,  251,  257,  258. 
Old  Joppa  Road,  145,  146,  148. 
Old  Manor  Road,  134,  135. 
Old    Saint    Paul's    Church,    Balto, 

Md.,  215,  216. 
Old  York  Road,  134,  135. 
Oldton,     Anne      ( Gorsuch )      Todd 
Jones,  113. 
John,  Capt.,  llOj^.,  Ulff., 

207  ff. 
Mary,  113. 
Mary  (  — ),  113. 
"Oldton's  Fellowship,"  115. 
"Oldtons  Garrison,"  117,  120,  122, 

123,  136. 
Onion,  Stephen,  130. 
"Orange,"  118,  226,  242. 
"  Oregon  Run,"  129. 
Organ,  Mathew,  119,  128. 
Orrouch,  James,  293. 
Orruck,  James,  294. 

Mary  (— )  Ricks,  294. 
Osborne,  Ann,  5. 

Ann   (Hewitt),  5. 
Edward,  Sir,  5. 
Oulton,  see  Oldton, 
Our  Rifles.     SaAvyer,  405. 
Oursler,  Mary  C,  elected,  394. 
"  Ousley's  plantation,"  109. 
Outwater,  Mrs.  Vera  L.,  198. 
Owen,  Jane,  286. 

Richard,  286. 
Owin,  Richard,  371. 
Owings,  Joshua,  229. 

Samuel,  209,  214. 

Paca,  Aquila,  368. 

John,  207,  229. 
William,  Gov.,  61,  261,  277, 
278,  340,  341,  345,  349,  350. 
Pace,  Elizabeth  (Neale),  200. 
James  Baker,  200. 
Violet  Lee,  200. 
Page,  — ,  151. 

William  C,  65,  79. 
Pagon,  Robinson  C,  64. 
Painter,  Nicholas,  294. 
Palmer,    Barbara    (Villiers)     Coun- 
tess, 57. 
Elizabeth  (— ),  290,291. 
William,  290,  291. 
Palmer's  Island,  256. 


436 


MARYLAND   HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 


Papists    in   Province   of   Maryland, 

1708,  362. 
"  Paradise,"  252. 
Parish,  Anna,  247. 

Edward,  220,  231,  233. 
John,  233,  243. 
William,  215,  231,  232,  233. 
«  Parish's  Fear,"  247,  248. 
"Parish's    Range,"    120,    220,    231, 

232,  233,  247. 
Parker,  Elizabeth,  290. 

Mary  (— )  Gott,  291. 
Thomas,  290,  291. 
William,  294,  372. 
Parkinson,  Joseph,  224. 
Parnassee,  Robert,  372. 
Parneser,  sec  Parnassee. 
Paston,  Anne    (Calvert)    Somersett, 
56. 
Jane   (Sewall)    Calvert,  55. 
John,  55. 
William,  56. 
Patapsco  Falls,  130. 
Patapsco  Female  Institute,  403. 
Patapsco  Ferry,  215. 
Patapsco  Upper  Hundred,  230. 
Patterson,  Jane,  384. 

Mary  Virginia  (Emery), 

203,  394. 
Paul  Browne,  203,  394. 
Peabody,  George,  76. 
Peabody  Fund,  76. 
Peabody  Institute,  397. 
Peach  Bottom,  252. 
Peake,  George,  281,  282. 
Johanna.  281.  282. 
Mary,  281,  282. 
Pean,  James,  292,  294. 

Magdalen   ( — ),  294. 
Pearce,  Catherine  Julia,  321. 

Charlotte   Augusta   Lennox, 

321. 
Daniel,  367. 
Gideon,  319,  320. 
James,  320. 

James  Alfred,  150  if.,  319  f. 
James  Alfred,  Judge,  64,  66, 

321. 
Julia  (Dick),  319,  320. 
Lydia,  286,  287. 
Martha  J.   (Laird),  321. 
Mary  Clementine,  322. 
Matilda  C.  (Ringgold),  321. 
Ophelia,  320. 
Thomas,  286,  287. 
William,  320. 
Pearle,  Elizabeth  ( — )  Warren,  377, 
379. 
William,  377,  379. 


Pearson,  Symon,  128,  132,  140,  143. 
Peaseley,  Anne  (Calvert),  54. 

William,  54. 
Peck's  Branch,  219,  222. 
Peddler  Branch,  252. 
Peeters,  Maria  Louise,  315. 
Pegram,  Francis  E.,  elected,  397. 

William  M.,  Major,  68,  69. 
Pegrane,  James,  377,  378. 
Peirpoint,  Charles,  244. 
"Pemblicoe,"    114,    119,    213,    214, 

217,  218. 
Pendleton,  Benjamin,  202. 

Catharine  Thornton,  202. 
Edmund,  Judge,  202. 
Elizabeth     (Strother), 
202. 
Peters,  Richard,  Judge,  159,  160. 
Peterson,  Andrew,  375,  377. 

Christian    (  — ),  375,  377. 
Peticoat,  William,  229,  230. 
Petticoat,  John,  244. 
Peyton,  Henry,  12. 

Susannah   (Fowke),  12. 
Phelps,  William  W.,  177,  178. 
Penn,  — ,  16. 

John,  243. 
William,  366. 
Pennington,  Josias,  311. 

Mrs.   William    C,    302, 
303. 
Pennsylvania,     Boundary     line     of, 

357,  358,  366. 
Pepper,  Elijah,  195. 

Elizabeth  (Calvert),  195. 
"  Perry  Hall,"  144,  147. 
Peter,  Martha  Parke   (Custis),  314. 

Thomas,  314. 
Philadelphia    Road,    118,    145,    146, 

215,  242. 
Philips,  James,  367,  368. 
Philipsin,  Anne,  55. 

Barbara    (Sandys),  55. 
Miles,  55. 
Phillips,  Elizabeth   (Fowke),  13. 
John,  282. 
William,  Col,  13. 
"  Phillipsburg,"  226. 
Philpott,  Brian,  247. 
Phipps,  Elizabeth,  284,  286. 

Henry,  284,  286. 
Pickett,  Heathcoat,  146,  148,  149. 

William,  148,  149. 
Pierce,  Franklin,  165. 
Pike,  William,  290,  291. 
Pikesville.  Md.,  117,  213. 
"  Pimlico,"  217. 

Pimlico  race  course,  114,  117,  217. 
Piney  Glade,  147. 


INDEX. 


437 


Piscataway  Indians,  109,  255,  256. 
"  Piscataway  Manor,"  191. 
Pitts,  — ,  155. 

Plater,  George,  278,  340,  345. 
Pleasants,   J.    Hall,   M.D.,    66,    67, 

235. 
Plot,  Elizabeth,  372. 

William,  372. 
Plowman,  Jonathan,  61,  62. 
Plum  Tree  Run,  140. 
Pogans  Run,  128. 
Pollard,  Mary  (— ),  379. 

Richard,  379. 
Pontany,  Edward,  247. 
Poore,  Ben  Perley,  cited,  325. 
Pope,  Thomas  E.,  406. 
Popejoy,  William,  117. 
"  Poplar  Neck,"  140. 
Poplar  Spring,  249. 
Poppleton,  T.  H.,  235. 
"  Poppleton's   Plan   of   the   City  ol 

IBaltimore,"  1817,  240,  241. 
"  Porter's  bar,"  51. 
Portlow,  Jane,  201. 
Post,  Ella  Kite  (Fowke),  16. 

R.  E.,  16. 
Pott,  Hannah    (— )    Edwards,  284, 
286,  288,  297. 
John,  288,  297,  298. 
Potter,  Jane  (Bower),  114. 

Richard,  114. 
Potts,  Jane  (  — ),  380,  381. 

Robert,  380,  381. 
Poultney,  William,  116. 
Powell,  George,  374,  377. 
John,  373. 

Julian    ( — )    Leidgett,  373. 
Powers,  James  Leake,  199,  202. 

Lucy  (Calvert),  199,  202. 
Martha     Anne     (Nicklin), 

199,  202. 
Martha  Anne  Nicklin,  202. 
Pratt,  — ,  157. 

Henry,  383. 
Preston,  Alexander,  209. 
James,  128. 
Thomas,  Capt,  140. 
Price,  Miss  — ,  17. 

Ann   (— ),  385. 
John,  Col,  25,  217. 
Richard,  385. 
Stephen,  128. 
Zachariah,  17. 
"  Price's  Chance,"  129. 
"  Price's  Good  Will,"  128. 
Priest,  Charles,  374,  377. 
"  Priest's  Ford,"  137. 
Prince   Georges    County,   Md.,    362, 

368. 
Pritchett,  Samuel,  291. 


Proceedings    of    Conventions,   cited, 
345,  346,  348,  349. 

Proceedings  of  the  Society: 

December  13,  1920 63 

January  10,  1921 64 

February  14,  1921 66 

Annual  Meeting 69 

March  14,  1921 394 

April   11,   1921 596 

Protestant  Revolution,  180,  183. 

Provincial  Records,  354. 

Pulton,  Ferdinand,  20. 

Purviance,    Samuel,    270,    271,    272, 
274,  277,  278. 

"  Quarter,"  244. 

Quartley,  Mrs.  C.  E.,  205. 

Queen  Anns  County,  Md.,  362,  367, 

368. 
Quigley,  Charles,  371. 

Radcliflfe,  George  L.,  65. 
"  Ragland,"  230,  245. 
Ragland  Rolling  road,  230. 
Ralls,  Lydia,  195. 

Lydia  Beck,  195,  197,  201. 
Ramsey,  William,  383. 
Randall,  Benjamin,  377,  378. 
Blanchard,  394. 
Christopher,  215,  229,  240, 

242,  244,  245,  246,  377. 
Johanna  ( — ), 377. 
Roger,  246. 
Randolph,  Anne,  315. 

Anne  C,  329. 
"Rangers'  Forest,"  120,  121,  122. 
Rangers'  Road,  142. 
Raven,  Jane  ( — ),  286. 

John,  286. 
Rawles,  Elizabeth  (— ),  290,  291. 

William,  290,  291. 
Rawlings,  Daniel,  229. 
Raynsford,  Jane,  3,  4. 

John,  3. 
Read,  William  George,  322. 
Reade,  George,  Capt.,  281. 

Joane,  281. 
"  The  Red  House,"  249. 
Red  Run,  209. 
Reed,  Elizabeth,  190. 
Giles,  190. 

Katherine   (Greville),  190. 
Susan  (Fowke),  16. 
Mrs.  William,  66. 
Reeder,  Richard  Robbins,  15. 
Reevely,  Mary,  286. 
Reeves,  — ,  297,  298. 
Edward,  "584. 

Henrietta      ( — )      Swanson 
Canon,  297,  298. 


438 


MAEYLAND   HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 


Reeves,  Mary  ( — ),  384. 
Reisterstown  Turnpike,  213,  214, 
Relay,  238,  257. 
Remington,  Miss  Caroline,  66. 
Reports  of  Committees: 

Addresses 79 

Art  Gallery 204 

Athenaeum  Trustees 72 

Finance   75 

Genealogy  and  Heraldry 78 

Library    73 

Membership 78 

Publication 76 

Treasurer 71 

"  The  Reserve,"  245. 
Ricaud,  James  Barroll,  168,  169. 
Rich,  Mary,  Lad)/,  53,  54. 
Richard,  Lord,  53. 
Robert,  Earl  of  WarwicTc,  54. 
"  Rich  Level,"  254. 
"  Rich  Neck,"  243. 
"  Rich  Neck  Level,"  254. 
"  Rich  Point,"  137. 
Richards,  James,  213. 

Martha,  201. 
Richardson,  John,  114. 

Mark,  140,  382. 
Susannah  ( — ),  382. 
Thomas,  Col.,  106,  107, 
108,     120,     129,     141, 
142,     144,     145,     149, 
254. 
"  Richardson's  Outlet,"  129. 
Richmond,  Sarah,  395. 
Ricks,  Jolm,  293,  294. 

Mary  ( — )  Orruck,  294. 
Ridgely,  Charles,  240,  241,  243. 

Charles,  Gen.,  134,  148. 
John,  241,  247. 
Martha,  370. 
Robert,  370. 
Ruxton  M.,  65,  231. 
Ridgely's  Cove,  240,  243. 
"Ridgely's  Delight,"  240,  241,  243. 
Rigbie,  James,  380,  382. 

Nathaniel,  Col.,  253. 
liigby,  James,  297,  298. 

Katharine     ( — )     Constable, 
297,  298. 
Riggs,  Clinton  L.,  65,  79. 

Lawrason,  Gen.,  395. 
Rignall,  John,  286. 
Ringgold,  Josias.  Jr.,  322. 

Mary  Clementine  ( Pearce) , 

322. 
Matilda  C,  321. 
Richard  W.,  321. 
Samuel,  351. 
Risteau,  George,  212. 


Risteau,  Isaac,  134,  135. 

John,  Capt.,  211,  212. 
Ritchie,  Albert  C,  Gov.,  396. 
Robbens,  Thomas,  368. 
Roberson,  Margaret  ( — ),  385. 

Mary     (— )     Dines,    293, 

294. 
Robert,  385. 
Roberts,  Edward,  225. 
John,  147. 

Thomas,  111,  112,  124. 
Robertson,  A.  H.,  Dr.,  17. 
Jack,  15. 

Katie  (Fowke),  15. 
Verlinda  Stone  (Fowke), 

17,  18. 
William  Augustus  Fowke, 
18. 
Robinson,  Caroline  S.  (Fowke),  16. 
D.  W.,  16. 
Dorothy        ( Dorrington ) , 

280,  281. 
George,  383. 
Henry,  280,  281. 
John,  369. 
Mary  (— ),  369. 
William,  282. 
Roohford,  Margaret   (— ),  292,  294. 

Michael,  292,  294. 
Rock  Run,  252,  253. 
Rockwell,  Julius,  164. 
Rockwood,  Edward,  373. 

Elizabeth  ( — )  Aspenall, 
373. 
Rodney,  Daniel,  342. 
"  Roger's  Inspection,"  216. 
Rogers,  Anne,  14. 

John.    261,    267,    277,    341, 

343. 
William,  212,  216,  246. 
Roland's  Run,  120. 
"Rolling  House,"  137. 
Rolling  Road,  118,  119,  210. 
Romney  Creek.  126,  127. 
Rookard.  Sarah  (Calvert),  194. 
Rookwood,  Edward,  377. 

Elizabeth      ( — ■)      Aspin- 
wall,  377. 
Roper,  Alice  ( — )  Morgan,  283. 
Marv  (— ),  291. 
Philip,  116. 
Thomas,  291. 
"  Roper's  Range,"  254. 
Rose,  John,  381. 
Mary,  381. 
Rosser,  Joseph  Travis,  200. 

Mary    Landon    Armistead, 
200. 


INDEX. 


439 


Rosser,  Mary  Walker,  Armistead), 

200. 
Ross,  Joseohine,  200. 
Rosson,    Anne    Francis     (Calvert), 
201. 
Charles  H.,  201. 
Rousby,  Barbara  ( — ),  377. 

John,  377. 
Rowland,  Grace  ( — )  Williams,  371. 
Kate  Mason,  6. 
Lawrence,  371. 
Rowlandts,  Margery    ( — )    Warren, 
295. 
Humphrey,  295. 
Robert,  294. 
Roy,  Sarah  (Fowke),  13. 

Wiley,  13. 
Royal    Historical    Society.      Trans- 
actions, 406. 
Ruhy  (frigate),  357,  359. 
Rudacill,  John,  199. 

Mary      Catherine       (Cal- 
vert), 199. 
Rudd,  Miss  — ,  14. 
Rumley  Creek,  127. 
Rumsey,  Ann,  286. 

Anne  (— )   Bigger,  283. 
Benjamin,  261. 
James,  283. 
Rush,  Anna  Melvina   (Smith),  197. 
Benjamin,  M.  D.,  197. 
John  Hangar,  197. 
Russell,  Elizabeth,  296. 

Elizabeth  (— ),  297,  298. 
Richard,  281. 
Sara,  281. 
Thomas,  297,  298. 
Rutledge,  Edward.  342. 

John,  342. 
Ryan,  William  P.,  400,  401. 
Ryder.  Jane,  281. 
Rye,  John,  Dr.,  282,  285,  286. 
Rynders,  Capt.,  165. 
"  Sacaweykitt,"  23,  24. 
"  Saccawakitt,"  23,  24. 
Sadtler,  Mrs.  Rosabella,  395. 
St.  George,  Richard,  50. 
St.  Gregorie  Manor,  21. 
"  Saint  James  Park,"  222,  224. 
St.  John's  College,  Annapolis,  186, 

187. 
St.  Lawrence  Creek,  21. 
Saint  Mary's  City,  Md.,  64,  107,  116. 
"  Saint  Mary's  Bow,"  216. 
St.  Mary's  County,  Md.,  362,  367. 
Saint  Paul's  Church    (P.  E.),  Bal- 
timore, 215,  216. 
Saint  Peter's,  Md.,  107. 
St.  Richard's  Manor,  23. 


St.  Stevens  Creek,  21. 
Salter,  John,  368. 
Sandys,  Barbara,  55. 
Sanford,  John  L.,  66,  396. 
Saunders,  Edward,  128. 
Rebecca,  116. 
Savage,  Eleanor,  236. 

Eleanor   (Gwin)  Bond,  223. 
Hill,  223,  236. 
Savin,  Elizabeth  ( — )  Cammell,  370. 

William,  370. 
Saw  Mill  Race,  227. 
Sawyer,  Charles  Winthrop,  405. 
Scayman,  George,  236. 
Scott,  Christian  ( — )  Stearling,  378. 
Cuthbert,  383. 
Daniel,  128. 
John,  134,  378. 
Scrivener,  Mrs.  Frank  P.,  394. 
Scudmore,  Abigail,  382. 
Thomas,  382. 
Scutt's  Level  Branch,  209,  251. 
Sealey,  George,  374,  378. 

Mary  (— ),  374,  378. 
"  Seamore's  Adventure,"  237. 
Sears,  Thomas  E.,  66. 
"Secret  Committee,"  261. 
"Sedgley,"  140,  141,  143. 
Selden,  Eliza  Armistead,  200. 
Selley,  Elizabeth  (— ),  382. 

Matthew,  382. 
"Seised,"  120. 

Seneca  Indian  Road,  207,  253. 
Seneca  Indians,  237,  254,  255,  256, 

257,  258. 
Seneca  Road,  254,  257,  258,  259. 
Seney,  Robert  W.,  64. 
Sergeant,  Jonathan  Dickinson,  342. 
Settle,  Jane,  194. 

Jane  (Calvert)  Maddox,  193. 

John,  193. 

John  Calvert,  194. 

Sarah  (Turner),  194. 
Sewall,  Henry,  M.  D.,  55,  56. 

Jane,  55,  317. 

Jane   (Lowe),  56,  389. 

Jane  Lowe,  55. 

Jane     (Lowe)     Lady    Balti- 
more, 55. 

Nicholas.  Major,  379. 
Sewell,  Joshua,  229. 

Philip,  244. 
"Sewell's  Fancy,"  148. 
Seybolt,  Frances,  316. 
Seymour,  Charles,  duke  of  Somerset, 
59. 
John,  Gov..  354)9=, 
Shadwell,  sec  Cbarlwell. 
Shankes,  John,  254,  255. 


440 


MARYLAND    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 


Sharp,  James  W.,  196. 
Mary  Anne,  196. 
Mary  Anne    (Calvert),    196. 
Shaw,  John,  282,  284,  286,  289. 
Joyce  (— ),  289. 
Martha  (— )  Middlefield,  285, 

286. 
Nicholas,  285,  286,  289. 
Sarah    (— ),    282,    284,    286, 

289. 
William,  289. 
Shelby,  Alfred,  199. 

Martha  Frances    (Calvert), 
199. 
Shelmerdine,     William     Woodville, 

299. 
Shepherd,  Mrs.  F.  Byrne,  63. 
Sheppard  and  Pratt  Hospital,  120, 

143. 
"  Sheppards  Adventure,"  127. 
Shepperd,  Rowland,  127. 
Sheridine,  Thomas,  240. 
Sheridine,  Jane   ( — )    Butram,  373, 
378. 
Jeremiah,  373,  378. 
Sherman,  John,  340. 
"  Shewan  Cabin  Branch,"  129. 
Shewell,  Joseph,  244. 
Shot  Tower,  Baltimore,  Md.,  67,  395. 
Shriver,  Alfred  Jenkins,  64. 

Margaretta,  202. 
Sidwell,  Eoger,  290,  291. 
Sill,  Howard,  65. 
Silly,  Matthew,  371. 
Sim,  Thomas,  61. 
Simmons,  Charles,  128. 
Sims,  Harold  H.,  elected,  394. 
Sinclair,  Joseph,  294. 
Sioiissat,  Mrs.  Anna   L.,   401,   402, 

403. 
Sisson,  Lucy  B.   (Fowke),  14. 
Skeeman,  George,  236. 
"Skeeman's  Venture,"  236,  237. 
Skelton,  Anne  (— )  Croft,  374,  377. 

John,  374,  377. 
"  Skeymore's  Adventure,"  237. 
Skidmore,  Alice   ( — ),  293,  295. 
Edward,  293,  295. 
Judith  (Hopkins),  381. 
Skinner,  Anne    ( — )    Trueman,  283. 
Elizabeth  (— ),287,  289. 
Robert,  368. 
Thomas,  287,  289. 
Slade's  Tavern,  134.  135. 
Slaughter,  Mary  (Fowke),  13. 
Slaughterhouse  Run.  118,  123,  250. 
Smallwood,  James,  Col.,  368. 
Smart,  John,  380,  382. 


Smart,  Susan    ( — )    Bennison,  380, 

382 
Smith,  — ,  156,  157. 

Allen,  373,  377. 

Anna  Melvina,  197. 

Anne     ( — )     Bonnam,     380, 
382. 

Anne  (— )  Hinson,  293,  295. 

Anne     Strother      (Calvert), 
199. 

Charles,  142,  145. 

Clara  (Weir),  197. 

Edward,  247,  372. 

Eleanor,  141. 

Elizabeth,  199. 

Frances    (Bell),  197. 

Issachar,  199. 

John,  61,  62. 

John  Perry,  197. 

John  Ralls,  197. 

Lewis  Edward,  197. 

Lucy  Anne  (Allen),  199. 

Margaret  Elizabeth  (Massie) , 
197,  199. 

Margery,  15,  17. 

Mary  Catherine,  199. 

Mary  Elizabeth  Frances,  197. 

Oliver    Hazard    Perry,    197, 
199. 

Philip,  254. 

Richard,  142,  181. 

Robert,  293,  295. 

Robert  Issachar,  197. 

Thomas,  380,  382. 

Virginia  Emma,  197. 

W.  Presoott,  164. 

Walter,  141,  142. 

Walter,  Col,  368. 

William  Bernard,  197. 
Smith   College  Studies  in   History, 

406. 
Sraither,  Gabriel,  195. 

Gettie  (Calvert),  195. 
Priscilla,  198. 
Smoot,  Lewis  Egerton,  64. 
Smyth,  Thomas,  263. 
Smythe,  Joseph  P.,  elected,  397. 
Snow,  John,  225. 
"  Society  of  the  Ark  and  Dove,"  63, 

64. 
Soldiers  Delight,  210,  229,  230. 
Soldiers  Delight  Branch.  209. 
Soldiers  Delight  Hill,  210. 
Soldiers  Delight  Hundred,  209,  230. 
"  Soldier's  Road,"  207. 
Sollers'  Point  Road,  215. 
Some  Early  Colotst:al  ISlARYLAin)- 
ERS.     McHenry  Howard,  19,  179. 


INDEX. 


441 


Some    Letters    from    Coreespond- 
ENCE  OP  James  Alfred  Pearce. 
Ed.  hy  Bernard  C.  Steiner,  150. 
Somersett,  Anne   (Calvert),  56. 

Charles     Seymour,     Qth 

duke  of,  59. 
Clare  (Calvert),  56. 
Edward  Maria,  56. 
Somersett    County,    Md.,    362,    367, 

368. 
Soothoff,  Ida  Helen,  203. 
Sparks,  Anne  C.    (Eandolph),  329. 

Jared,  329,  406. 
"Speedwell,"  145. 

Spence,     Charlotte    Augusta     (Cal- 
vert), 317. 
Lea,  Judge,  161. 
Thomas  Henry,  317. 
Mrs.  W.  W.,  Jr.,   elected, 
397. 
Spencer,  Edward,  209,  210,  259. 
Francis,  287,  289. 
Mary   ( — )    Anderson,  287, 

289. 
Samuel  W.,   156. 
Walter,  286. 
Zachariah,  252. 
Sperna,  Joseph,  294. 
Spernon,   Alice    ( — )    Hinton,    376, 
378. 
Joseph,  376,  378. 
Spesutia  Island,  126,  127. 
Spesutia  Narrows,  127. 
Spicer,  Ellinor  ( — )  Windon,  377. 
Spiller,    Anne    Strother     (Calvert), 
Smith,  199. 
Henry,  199. 
Spinkes,  Enoch,  137. 
Eoger,  145. 
Spracklin,  — ,  286. 

Elizabeth    ( — )    Mackye, 
286,  287. 
Sprigg,  J.,  61. 

Rebecca,  315. 
Thomas,  61. 
Spring  Run,  138. 
Spry,  Christopher,  283,  286. 
Johanna,  287. 
Mary,  287. 
Stabler,  Edward,  Jr.,  65,  79. 
Stafford,  Marv  (— )   Todd,  289. 
Sarah   (  — ),  289. 
William,  289... 
Stagg,  Margaret  ( — )  Gittings,  289, 

290. 
Stanborough,  Tobias,  112. 
Standley,  William,  289,  291. 
Stanesby,  Br.  John,  287,  372. 

Mary   (Spry),  287,  372. 


Stansbury,  Thomas,  Jr.,  135. 

Tobias,   111,  112,  113. 
Stanton,  Blanche  (— ),  373,  377. 

William,  373,  377. 
Staples,  Anna  (  — ),  380,  382. 

Henry,  380,  382. 
Starnborrow,  see  Stansberry. 
Stasely,  James,  369. 
Stealey,  Miss  — ,  14. 
Stearling,  Christian  ( — ) ,  378. 

Thomas,  378. 
Steele,  David,  197. 

Mary     Elizabeth     Frances 
(Smith),  197. 
Steevens,  Elizabeth,  282. 
John,  285. 
Richard,  282. 
Steiner,     B.     C.       James     Alfred 

Pearce,  319. 
Steiner,  B.  C,  ed.     Some  Jjetters 
from    Correspondence    of    James 
Alfred  Pearce,  150. 
Steiner,  B.  C,  64,  65,  66. 
Stephens,  James  C,  221. 
James  M.,  220. 
Stevens,  Gyles,  370. 

Sarah  (— ),  370. 
Stevenson,  Edward,  233. 
John,  61,  62. 
Stevenson  Station,  212,  213. 
Steward,  John,  225. 
Stewart,  Charles,  Dr.,  315. 
David,  Dr.,  314. 
Eleanor    ( Calvert )    Custis, 

314. 
Elizabeth,  315. 
Elizabeth    (Calvert),    315. 
George,  Dr.,  314. 
Mrs.  Henrietta,  322. 
James,  315. 
John,  222,  224. 
Rebecca  (Sprigg),  315. 
Stier,  Henri  Joseph,  315. 

Maria  Louise  (Peeters),  315. 
Rosalie  Eugenia,  315. 
Stinchcomb,  John,  244. 

Nathaniel,  245. 
Stinson,  John,  288. 

Rachel  (— )  Neale,  288. 
Stoakes,  Anne  ( — )  Mason,  294,  295. 

Peter,  294,  295. 
Stockbridge,  Henry,  Judge,   63,  64, 
65. 
Mrs.     Henry,     elected, 
64. 
Stockett,  J.  Noble,  63,  64. 
Stockley,  James,  285. 
Mary,  285. 


442 


MARYLAND    HISTOEICAI.    MAGAZINE. 


Stone,  Anne,  12. 

Elizabeth,  191,  318,  390,  391. 
Margery  (— ),  298. 
Matthew,  298. 

Thomas,   261,   263,   264,  267, 
269,  272  f.,   341,   345,  349, 
350. 
Verlinda  (Cotton),  191. 
William,   Gov.,  23,   191,   390. 
Storey,  Walter,  368. 
Story,  Frederick  W.,  114,  242. 
"  Stout,"  245,  246. 
Straus,  Philip  Gutman,  64. 
Strawbridge,  Honora  ( — )  Furnace, 
381,  382. 
John,  381,  382. 
"Street's  Adventure,"  121. 
Stribling,  Elizabeth  Taliaferro,  202. 
Francis  Taliaferro,  200. 
Olive  Caldwell  (Jackson), 
200. 
Strieker,  George,  Capt.,  265,  266. 
Strother,  Anne,  198. 

Anne  (Strother),  198. 
Benjamin,  202. 
Delia,  200. 
Elizabeth,  202. 
Francis,  193,  198. 
John,  198. 
John,  Capt.,  198. 
Mary,  198. 
Mary  Wade,  198. 
Mary  Willis  (Wade),  198. 
Susannah   (Dabney),   193, 
198. 
Stuart,  J.  E.  B.,  Gen..  68. 

Julia  (Calvert),  316. 
Richard  Henry,  Dr.,  316. 
Sudler,  Cecily  (  — )  Bright,  296,  298. 

Joseph,  296,  298. 
"iSulgrave  Manor,"  401,  402. 
Sullivan,  Michael  J.,  elected,  397. 
Summers,  William,  117. 
Sumner,  Charles,  164. 

Edwin  Vose,  Col,  172,  178. 
Sumwalt  Eun,  113. 
"Sunshine  Avenue."  210. 
Susquehanna  Indians.  254. 
Susquehanna  Road,  257. 
Susquehannah  Ford,  253. 
Susquehannah    Upper    Ferry,    137. 

138. 
Sussex   (ship),  361. 
Sutton,    Hester    (— )    Besson,    292, 
295. 
Thomas,  292,  295. 
Swan  Creek,  126. 
Swann,  Thomas,  Gov.,  154. 
Swanson,  Edward,  282,  297,  298. 


Swanson,  Henrietta  (— ),  282,  297, 

298. 
Swearingen,  Joseph  van,  191. 

Mary    (Neale)    Egerton 
Adderton  van,  191. 
Swingate,  Benedict,  see  Calvert. 
Sydney,  J.  C,  220. 
Symington,  Donald,  67. 

Jack,  67. 
Symonds,  George,  296. 

TaDor,  Frances,  199. 

Talbot,  Dorothy  ( Calvert ),  54. 

Elizabeth,  385. 

Frances,  54. 

Frances  (Talbot),  54. 

George,  55. 

Grace  (Calvert)   lady,  54. 

James,  54. 

Richard,  54. 

Robert,  Sir,  54. 

William,  55. 
Talbott,  John,  236. 

William,  233. 
Talbott  County,  Md.,  362,  367,  368. 
Taney,  Margaret  (Beckwith),  379. 

Michael,  379,  384. 

Roger  Brooke,  307,  313. 
"  Tanyard,"  244,  245. 
Tapnal,  William,  135. 
Tasker,  Anne,  189. 

Anne     ( Calvert )     Brooke 
Brent,  190. 

Benjamin,  226,  228,  254. 

Benjamin,  Col.,  180,  189. 

Benjamin,  Gov.,  188,  189. 

Elizabeth,  188,  189. 

Elizabeth      (Thompson) 
Brooke  Cosden,  188. 

John,  179,  189. 

Thomas,  Capt.,  179  ff. 

Thomas,  Judge,  190. 
"  Tasker's  Camp,"  188. 
Tassell,  Elizabeth  (— ),  290,  291. 

Francis,  290,  291. 
Taylor,  Arthur,  287. 

Catherine  Ann,  196,  393. 

Elizabeth,  287. 

James,  287. 

John.  142.  145.  147,  148,  149, 
287,  293,  378. 

Mary,  287. 

Mary   (— )    Allen,  283. 

Marv  Malisa,  196. 

Priscilla,  378. 

Robert,  283. 

Thomas,  254. 

Zachariah,  337. 
Teal,  Edward,  244,  245. 


INDEX. 


443 


Teal,  Emmanuel,  243,  245,  246. 

Euth,  244,  245. 
"  Teale's  Search,"  246. 
Thorn,  De  Courcey  W.,  65,  67,  395, 
Thomas,  Gen.,  152. 

Alexander,  380,  382. 
Elizabeth     Stewart      ( Cal- 
vert), 317. 
James  W.,  Dr.,  64. 
John,  Col.,  114. 
Mary  (— )  Evans,  380,  382. 
Philip  Francis,  Gov.,  322. 
Richard,  335. 
Kobert,  376,  378. 
William    Douglas    Nelson, 
317. 
"Thomas's  Run,"  137. 
Thompson,  Elizabeth,  188. 
George,  147. 
H.  Oliver,  65,  79. 
Henry  F.,  186. 
Jacob,  177. 
James,  188. 
Michael,  377,  378. 
Robert,  372,  373. 
Sarah    Anne    (Calvert), 
201. 
"  Thompson's  Lott,"  147,  148,  149. 
Thornborough,  Rowland,  120. 
Thorne,  George,  194. 

Jane  (Settle),  194. 
Mary,  194. 

Mary  (Calvert),  194. 
Nicholas,  194. 
Thoroughgood,  Adam,  5,  6. 
Ann,  6. 

Ann    (Edwards),   5. 
Anne,  5. 
Edward,  Sir,  5. 
Elizabeth,  6. 
John,  Sir,  5. 
iSarah   (Offley),  5. 
iSarah  Offley,  6. 
William,  5. 
Thorpe,  Mary  (Banks),  56. 
Three  Branch  Points,  243. 
Three  Pond  Branch,  240,  243. 
Three  Prong  Branch,  240,  243. 
Thurgood,  — ,  55. 

Anne  (Philipsin),  55. 
Thurston,  Thomas,  246. 

Thomas,  Col.,  142,  143. 
William,  143. 
Thurston's  Road,  141.  143. 
Tidings,  Richard,  383. 
Tilghman,  James,  261,  263,  267. 
Lloyd,  156. 

Matthew,  263,  264,  341, 
343,  345,  349. 

12 


"  Timbered  Level,"  209. 
Todd,  Anne   (Gorsuch),  113. 
Mary  (— ),289. 
Sarah,  289. 
Thomas,  289. 
Thomas,  Capt.,  113. 
"  Todd's  Range,"  215,  216,  242. 
Toleration  Act,  1649,  182. 
Tolley,  Walter,  134,  135,  147. 
"Toms,"  218. 
"  Toms  Choice,"  218. 
Toney,  Caroline,  200. 
Torsch,  C.  Burnett,  elected,  397. 

Mrs.'C.  Burnett,  elected,  397. 
Toulson,  Andrew,  298. 
Tovey,  Samuel,  376,  378. 
Towlson,  Andrew,  297. 
Townhill,  Edmund,  376,  378. 
Towson,  Md.,  120,  135,  146. 
"  The  Tract,"  236. 
"Traymore,"  121. 
Treanor,  Michael  D.,  16. 

Sarah  Massilon    (Fowke), 
16. 
"  Trentham,"  214. 
Treveale,  Mary   ( — )   Luflfman,  372. 

William,  372. 
Trippe,  James  McC,  66,  68,  396. 
Trueman,  Anne,  283. 

Elizabeth,  283. 
James,  283. 
Martha,  283. 
Thomas,  283. 

Thomas,  Major,  254,  255. 
"Truemans  Acquaintance,"  145. 
Tubman,   Mrs.    Samuel   A.,    elected, 

394. 
Tucker,  Anna  Maria  (Jackson) ,  200. 
Robert  J.,  200. 
Thomas,  375,  378. 
William,  244. 
Tuckner,  see  Tucker. 
Tulley,  Edward,  135,  136. 
Turberville,  Gilbert,  286,  287. 

Lydia  ( — )  Pearce,  286, 
287. 
"  Turkey  Cock  Hall,"  120. 
Turner,    Ellinor    ( — )    James,    376, 
378. 
John,  376,  378. 
Sarah,  194. 
Twohig,    Elizabeth    Priscilla     (Cal- 
vert), 199. 
John,  199,  393. 
Twohis,  see  Twohig. 
Tyer,  James,  378. 

Rebecca  (— ),  376,  378,  380. 
Tyler,  Joane  Reade,  281. 
Robert,  368. 


444 


MARYLAND  HISTOEICAL   MAGAZINE. 


Tyler's    Quarterly    Historical    and 
Genealogical  Magazine,  406. 

UUer's  Alley,  242. 
Underwood,  Anthony,  383,  384. 

Martha   (— ),  383,  384. 
Ungle,  Robert,  367,  368. 
"  United  Addition,"  138. 
Unptiblished  Peovinciai-  Records, 

354. 
Utie,  Elizabeth  (— ),  385. 

George,  380,  382. 

Nathaniel,  385. 

Susannah  ( — ),  382. 
Utye,  see  Utie. 

Van  Buren,  Martin,  330,  335. 
Vanderheyden,  Margaret  ( — )  Ward, 
383. 
Matthias,  383. 
Vassall,  John,  Col.,  27. 
Vaughan,  Abraham,  116. 

Elizabeth   (— ),  381,  383. 
Sara  (— )  Russell,  281. 
William,  381,  383. 
Vaughn,  Ruth  ( Martindale ) ,  298. 

Thomas,  298. 
Veazey,  Thomas  W.,  151. 
Vernon,  Capt.,  314. 
Veyney,  Henry,  378. 

Thomasin  (— ),  378. 
Villiers,  Barbara,  57. 
Vincent,  John  M.,  66. 
Vines,  Martha  ( — ),  384. 

Samuel,  384. 
Vowles,   Margaret    ( — )    Cole,   374, 
378. 
Richard,  374,  378. 

Wade,  Mary  Willis,  198. 
Walker,  George,  M.  D.,  215,  216. 
Jane  (— ),  370,  371. 
Susannah,  371. 
Thomas,  370,  371. 
Walker's  Mill,  215,  216. 
Wall,  G«orge,  Jr.,  248. 
Wallis,  Philip,  332. 
Walter,  Christopher,  244. 
Walterlin,  Elizabeth,  281. 
Grace,  281. 
Walter,  281. 
Wamsley,  Martha,  379. 
Thomas,  379. 
Ward,  Henry,  383. 

Margaret  ( — ),  383. 
Warde,  Marv    ( — )    Credwell,    288, 
292. 
William,  289. 
Waring,  Bazill,  287. 


Waring,  Sampson,  285,  287. 

Sarah,  285,  287. 
Warner,  Anne  (Hopkins),  381. 

Samuel,  384. 
"  Warner  and  Hanna's  Plan  of  the 

City  of  Baltimore,  1801,"  242. 
Warren,  Elizabeth  (— ),  377,  379. 
(Humphrey,  294,  295. 
Margery    ( — )    Rowlandts, 

294,  295. 
Thomas,  377,  379. 
Warrin,  Sarah  (— ),  290,  292. 

Thomas,  290,  292. 
Warwick,  Anna  Calvert   (Jackson), 
200. 
James  Burr,  200. 
Washington,  G.  C,  158. 

George,   158,  159,  160, 

314. 
camp  chest,  337. 
portrait ,    by     Charles 
Willson    Peale,    402. 
Martha  Custis,  314. 
Waterlin,  Walter,  280. 
Waterloo  Ford,  259. 
Waters,  Susanna   ( — )    White,  282. 
Waterworth,  Mrs.,  74. 
Watkins,  Alice  ( — )  Barnett,  385. 
Francis,  113,  126,  127. 
James  C,  198. 
Lydia  (  — ),  292,  295. 
Mary  Anne  ( Calvert) ,  198. 
Thomas,  292,  295. 
Watson,  William  H.,  335. 
Watson's  Island,  256. 
Watts,   Ann    ( — )    Carmeday,    374, 
378. 
Richard,  27. 
William,  374,  378. 
Weaver,  Ann  (— ),  381,  383. 

Richard,  381,  383. 
Webb,  J.  W.,  Col,  152.  153. 

Lucy  Ware,  202. 
Webster,  Isaac,  258. 

John,  137,  141. 
"Webster's  Forest,"  141. 
Weems,  — ,  61. 

John,  309. 
Weir,  Clara,  197. 
Weire,  Elizabeth,  27,  28. 
John,  27. 

John,  Major,  27,  28. 
Welch,  Pearce,  136. 
Wells,  Charles,  224,  229,  230,  238. 
George.  287,  288,  289. 
George,  Vol.,  126,  254. 
James,  114,  214. 
Johanna  ( — ),  289. 
John,  223. 


INDEX. 


445 


Wells,  Robert,  287. 
Welnerstone,    Margaret    ( — ),    377, 
378 
Walter,  377,  378. 
Welsh,  Anne  (— )  Grose,  281,  282. 
Daniel,  110,  112. 
John,  281,  282,  375,  379. 
Mary  (— ),  375,379. 
Pierce,  121. 
Wentz,  Abdel  Ross,  403. 
West,  —,61. 

Isabel,  2. 
John,  253,  368. 
John,  Sir,  2. 
Joseph,  Dr.,  16. 
Robert,  138,  252. 
Susan  (Fowke),  16. 
West  Glade,  123. 
Western  Falls  of  Patapsco,  208. 
Western  Glade,  211. 
Western  Run,  123,  213. 
Westport,  254. 
^'Westwood,"  138. 
Wharton,  Dabney  M.,  D.  D.,  320. 

Ophelia   (Pearce),  320. 
Wheeler,    Elizabeth     (Cooke),    2.81, 
284. 
George,  198. 
James,  376,  379. 
James  R.,  205. 
Lydia   (Calvert),  198. 
Samuel,  281,  284. 
Wheelock,  Edward,  283,  287. 

Mary  Buckall,  283,  287. 
Whelan,  Hester,  59. 
Whetstone,  Mary,  287. 
Niome,  287. 
Stephen,  287. 
Whetstone  Branch,  117. 
Whetstone  Neck,  117. 
Whicherly,  Jane   (Jean)    ( — )   Fan- 
ning, 375,  379. 
Thomas,  375,  379. 
Whipps,  John,  244,  245. 
White,  Ambrose,  8r.,  295. 
Ambrose,  Jr.,  295. 
Grace,  295. 
Gustavus,  289. 
Guy,  284,  287,  293,  295. 
James,  282. 
John,  290,  292,  313. 
P  h  i  1  i  3     ( — )     Homes     or 

Howes,  289. 
Sarah    (— ),   284,   287,   293, 

295. 
Stephen,  291. 
Susanna  ( — ),  282. 
Thomas,  Col,  144. 
Wrixam,  295. 


"Whitehaven,"  110, 
Whitfield,  Mary,  203. 
Whittington,  John,  369. 

William,  Col,  361. 
WicKs,  Anna,  377,  378. 
Joseph,  377,  378. 
Widows  in  Maryland,  369  ff. 
Wilkinson.  William,  368. 
William  III,  king  of  Great  Britain, 

180,  181,  182,  184. 
Williams,  C.  T.,  67,  403. 
Charles,  198. 
Elie,  403. 

Elizabeth  (Calvert),  198. 
George  Weems,  66. 
Grace  (  — ),371. 
James,  371. 
Jane  (— ),292. 
Joseph,  369. 
Louisa  Steuart,  68. 
Mary  ( — )  Robinson,  369. 
N.  Winslow,  66. 
Otho  Holland,  73,  403. 
Owen,  244. 
Susan,  403. 
U.  F.,  151,  152. 
William,  246,  292,  376. 
Willing,  Thomas,  342. 
Willmot,  John,  232,  247. 
Wilmott,  Richard,  134,  135. 
Wills,  Catherine  Elizabeth  (Fowke), 
17. 
Francis  R.,  Dr.,  17. 
Marcus,  15. 
Mary  J.  (Fowke),  15. 
Wilson,  Anne  (— ),  292,  295. 
Benjamin  Kidd,  134. 
Elizabeth,  200. 
J.  Appleton,  51. 
James,  342. 
N.,  15. 

Susan  (Fowke),  15. 
William,  292,  295. 
Winder,  Levin,  Gov.,  337. 
William  S.,  337. 
Windon,  EUinor   ( — ),  377. 

Thomas,  377. 
Windsor  Mill  Road,  220,  246,  247, 

248. 
Winsmore,    Katharine     ( — ),    288, 
289,  295. 
Robert,   Dr.,   288,   289, 
295. 
Winters    Run,    125,    128,    130,    132, 

133,  140. 
Winthrop,  R.  C,  163. 
Wise,  Henry  A.,  152,  153. 
"Wiske  alias  Danby,"  51. 
Wodsworth,  Richard,  287. 

Susanna  ( — ),  287. 


446  MARYLAND    HISTORICAL    MAG^INE. 

Wolseley,  Anne,  55.  Wright,  W.  H.  De  Coursey,  M.  D., 

Thomas,  Sir,  55.  elected,  397. 

Wood,  James,  195.  William,  372,  373. 

Sarah  Anne  (Calvert) ,195.  Wroth,  Elizabeth,  53,  54. 
Wooden,  John,   220,  231,  232,  233,  John,  Sir,  53. 

234,  247.  Lawrence  C,  66. 

Solomon,  247.  Mary    (Rich)    Lady,  53,  54. 

Woodensburg,  210.  Thomas,  Sir,  53,  54. 

Woodruff,  D.  W.,  16.  Wyndham,    Charles,   Earl  of  Egre- 
SusanRosabelle  (Fowke),  mont,  59. 

16.  Frances    Mary    (Har- 

Woods,  Willie  Anne,  195,  390,  393,  ford) ,  59. 

Woodson,  Marenda  (Fowke),  15.  George      Francis,      Uh 

Stephen,  15.  Earl  of  Egremont,  59. 

Woodville,  Elizabeth,  54,  403.  William   Frederick,   59. 

Richard,  54.  Wyne,  Elizabeth  ( — ),  370. 
Wootten,  Simon,  287.  Francis,  370,  371. 

Susanna  (— )  Wodsworth,  Wynne,  Anne  ( — ),  373,  379. 
287.  John,  373,  379. 

Workman,  Anthony,  290,  292.  Wynall,  John,  296,  297. 

Joane    (— )    Dunn,   290,  Katherine  (— ),  296,  297. 

292.  Wythe,  George,  342. 
Worrall,  Margaret,  289,  292. 

Rob?rTl74"379^^^*  ^ates,  Rebecca  (-)  Tyer,  378,  380. 
yxr    +1,-   ^^'^^"^  "^it'  '*'^-  Robert,  378,  380. 

Worthington, -,  61.  Yeat,  John,  244. 

NE     15     '  ^^°'  Semelia   (— )   Garrettson,  293. 

Samuel,  368.  Young,  Jacob  256. 
Sarah  E.  (Fowke),  15.  ^^^^'P^'^'- ,    .    ,-t 

Worthington  Valley,  257.  ^^7  ^??^^f]'  ■^'• 

Wouenshens,  Hannah,  247.  Nathaniel,  247. 

Wright,  Arthur,  292,  295.  Samuel,  359. 

Jane  •Ryder,  281. 

Solomon,  369.  Zachiah  Swamp,  255,  256. 

Thomas,  281.  Zone,  James,  383. 
William,  144.  Patience  (— )   Clocker,  383. 


^^7^ 


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