iCt"
'^^-^'l
■t^^'Jn?:
iJI'
t:
•!U!-f^-
M
3%p
••-'■.*'#
i^'^A"
^^^:;-^-^
^^l^^^i
y^f^^A/^A
^^n^f^f^
Ef/?w^^^
H
w
1
1
kl
i
l^it//
>^w,
!WKHh>
f7//,
/^ o A' ^
^^^^:^-^i
'' TH^^2^£?^^.:^%^r^
^^ •
THE ROLL
ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICUNS
OF LONDON;
COMPRISING BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES
OV AIL THE EMINENT PHYSICIANS, WHOSE NAMES AEE BECOEDED IN THE ANNAIS
PKOil THE FOUNDATION OF THE COLLEGE IN 1518 TO ITS EEMOVAl
IN 1825, FEOM WAEWICK LANE TO PALL MALL EAST.
Ey WILLIAM MUNK, M.D., P.S.A.,
FELLOW OF THE COLLEGE, ETC., ETC., ETC.
fe'
SECOND EDITION, REVISED AND ENLARGED.
VOL. L, 1518 TO 1700.
LONDON:
PUBLISHED BY THE COLLEaE, PALL MALL EAST.
MDCCCLXXVIII.
l^All Siffhts reserved.^
R
775
/ n^
Ewrrkon and Sons, Frinters in Ordinary to Ser Majesty, St. Martin's Lane.
PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITIOK
The present edition of " The Roll of the Royal College
of Physicians," appears as did the work originally, in
compliance with a vote of the College. At the sug-
gestion of my colleagues the work has been extended
and brought down to the 25th June, 1825, on which
day the present edifice in Pall Mall East was formally
opened. The period now comprised in ' ' The Poll " is more
than three hundred years, and the number of physicians
who in that time have obtained from the College their
highest and often sole authority to practise physic has
been more than seventeen hundred. The names of
all these physicians appear in " The Poll," and such in-
formation as I have been able to collect concerning
them will be found in the following pages. In many
instances such information consists of no more than a
name and a date, but in the majority of them, and in
the case of all, who were in any degree celebrated, I
have been able to supply a biographical sketch more or
less full. In doing so, I have looked first and princi-
pally to contemporary accounts ; and in the Annals of
the College, in Harney's Pustorum Aliquot Peliquise
(one of the most interesting MSS. in the College), and
in the Harveian Orations, I have found a large amount
of reliable information, of which I have made the freest
use. To the authorities specified in the preface to the
first edition, I owe much of the new matter now added
to the work, whilst as respects several of the lives in
the third volume, I am indebted to the '' Lancet " and
h 2
IV PREFACE.
the " Medical Times and Gazette :" the biographical
articles in both of which journals are generally so com-
plete and accurate as to leave nothing to be desired.
But my use of them has been limited by the space at my
disposal, and the necessity I was under of maintaining
a certain proportion between the several sketches.
In a lono- series of short articles on men of one call-
ing and pursuit, for the most part educated alike, and
then entering on the exercise of a profession, the
highest duties of which are performed in the privacy
of the sick chamber and by the side of suffering hu-
manity, where the tenor of life is necessarily but little
varied, affords but few opportunities for remark, and
rarely furnishes any extraordinary incidents, there must
be similarity which by repetition soon amounts to
monotony. This I have found it impossible to avoid.
The more successful a physician is, the more he is
engaged in the best duties of his office, the less is
there to meet observation or to court publicity, and
the less material, therefore, for biography. " The phy-
sician's part," says Johnson, " lies hid in domestic
privacy, and silent duties and silent excellencies are
soon forgotten." '""
Tc the Treasurer of the College, Dr. F. J. Farre, and
to the Registrar, Dr. Pitman, I am indebted for much
valuable assistance. Dr. Farre has most kindly and
liberally met all my wishes in regard to the work as it
now appears, has aided me with much valuable infor-
mation, and has often lessened and removed difficul-
ties that have occurred to me in its progress through
the press. To the sound judgment and correct taste of
Dr. Pitman I have often had to appeal, and always with
* Life of Sir Thomas Brown, M.D., of Norwich,
PREFACE. V
advantage to my reader, and satisfaction to myself;
and liis ripe knowledge of the College and its affairs
has been unreservedly communicated to me whenever
I have had occasion to seek it.
I have also to express my obligations for assistance
and for information that I covild not otherwise have
obtained, to Miss Elliotson of Clapham, and Miss Edith
H. Willson of Kauceby Hall, co. Lincoln ; to the Right
Beverend Edward Parry, D.D., bishoj) of Dover ; the
Eev. J. Bouse Bloxam, D.D., of Beeding Priory, Sus-
sex ; the Bev. Maurice Philip Clifford, D.D., of Golden-
square ; the Bev. William Wigan Harvey, B.D., rector
of Ewelme, Oxfordshire ; the Bev. Charles BestBobin-
son Norcliffe, M.A., of Petergate house, York ; the
Bev. Octavius Ogle, M.A., of Oxford ; the Bev. Allan
Buttress, M.A,, of Brain tree ; Sir John Eardley-Wil-
mot, bart. ; Sir Walter Farquhar, bart. ; B. Pelham
Warren, esq., ofWorting house, Hants; and Frank
Bede Fowke, esq. ; — and among members of my own
faculty, to Sir Thomas Watson, bart., M.D., F.B.S. ;
Sir George Burrows, bart., M.D., F.B.S. ; James Ar-
thur Wilson, M.D. ; F. Bisset Hawkins, M.D., F.B.S. ;
Alexander Tweedie, M.D., F.B.S. ; Bobert Nairne,
M.D. ; George Edward Paget, M.D., F.B.S., Begins
Professor of Physic in the university of Cambridge ;
Alfred Lochee, M.D., of Canterbury ; Alfred Swaine
Taylor, M.D., F.B.S. ; Samuel Wilks, M.D., F.B.S. ;
Robert Martin, M.D. ; Beginald Southey, M.D. ; W.
Tilbury Fox, M.D. ; Edward Liveing, M.D.; Bobert
James Lee, M.D. ; John Sykes, M.D., F.S.A., of Don-
caster ; and Aquila Smith, M.D., M.B.I.A., King's
Professor in Trinity college, Dublin.
I may mention in regard to the arrangement fol-
VI PREFACE.
lowed throughout the following pages, that in order to
bring my record in accord with the printed annual
lists of the Fellows, Candidates, Licentiates, &c., of the
College, I have been obliged to enter each individual
at the date of his admission to the highest order in the
College to which he ever attained. Thus a Fellow ap-
pears at the date of his admission as such, no matter
when he first joined the College as Candidate, Inceptor
Candidate, or Licentiate ; and one, originally an Extra-
Licentiate, who subsequently became a Licentiate, in
which class he remained to the last, will be found
entered at the date of his admission as licentiate.
Those members who, on the 25th of June, 1825, when
*' The Roll " terminates, had already joined the College
and were in progress towards the fellowship or any other
class than that to which they had then attained, will
be found at the date of their admission to the precise
order to which they had arrived on the 25th June,
1825.
The Vignettes on the three title pages represent;— in
vol. 1, the emblems of government and honour, viz., the
Statute Book and Seal, the Caduceus and the Cushion
on which they severally repose ; " Virtutis Insignia," in
the words of their inventor, Caius, which are placed in
front of the President at all comitia, as is also the
Mace of silver-gilt, given by Dr. Lawson, in 1684 : — in
vol. 2, a view of the former College in Warwick-lane,
taken from the south side, and showing three sides of
the quadrangle of which that edifice consisted : — in
vol. 3, a view of the present College in Pall Mall East,
as it appeared at its opening, and before the roadway
and pavement had been raised to its present level.
While the following work was passing through the
PREFACE. VU
press two fellows of the College mentioned in the third
volume, have died.
Dr. Francis Hawkins (vol. iii, p. 286) died on the
13th December, 1877, in the eighty -fourth year of his
age. Dr. Hawkins possessed a highly-cultivated mind,
was full of information, and a sound classical scholar ;
he was a genial and entertaining companion, most
courteous in his bearing, and esteemed by aU who
knew him for the high tone of thought and feeling
that marked every action of his life.
Dr. James Blundell (vol. iii, p. 180) died on the 15th
January, 1878, aged eighty-seven. He had long retired
from the practice of his profession, and having for several
years withdrawn himself from association with his medi-
cal brethren, was but little known to the present gene-
ration of physicians. Dr. Blundell died very wealthy ;
more so indeed than any physician of whom we have
record, his personalty being sworn under £350,000.
W. M.
40, FiNSBDRY Square,
May, 1878.
PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION.
It was not without hesitation that I assented, at the
suggestion of some of my colleagues in the College of
Physicians, to the publication of the present work.
The origmal MS., in three large volumes, was com-
piled without any view to publication. It was under-
taken with the hope of supplying a want I had myself
experienced ; and each volume, as it was completed,
was presented to the College, and deposited in the
Library for the use of the Fellows. The first volume,
which comprised the period from the foundation of the
College to 1600, was placed in the Library in March,
1855 ; the second volume, from 1601 to 1700, in De-
cember, 1855 ; and the third volume, from 1701 to
1800, in June, 1856. On the 9th of November, 1860,
I received a letter from the Treasurer of the College,
Dr. Alderson, informing me that a wish had been ex-
pressed by some influential Fellows of the College for
the publication of "The Roll;" and at the Comitia
Majora Ordinaria of the 22nd December, 1860, it was
ordered to be printed at the expense of the College.
It is in obedience to this vote of the College that the
work now appears.
Such additional information as I have since col-
lected, and it amounts to at least a third part of the
whole work, has been incorporated with the original
MS. ; and I shall be more than satisfied if " The Roll,"
as it now appears, does not disappoint the expectations
of my colleagues, or prove devoid of interest to those
PREFACE. IX
who have the welfare of the medical profession at
heart, and are desu'ous of obtaining more information
than has hitherto been obtainable concerning that
learned and venerable institution, The Royal College
of Physicians of London, the precursor and exemplar
of all the other medical corporations in the United
Kingdom.
I cannot permit these volumes to go forth without
an apology for the absence of formal quotation, or at
the least of more precise acknowledgment than ap-
pears in the body of the work, of the sources whence
I have derived my information, and even, in many
instances, the actual words in which it is conveyed.
The MS. as originally compiled was not, I have stated,
intended for publication ; and with the view of econ-
omising space in a record already inconveniently large,
and of preserving unbroken the thread of the narrative,
my authorities, except on disputed points, or where I
had simply transcribed a memoir, were omitted. I have
attempted, but in vain, to supply this omission : for,
having destroyed in 1857 most of the memoranda upon
which my sketches were founded, I find myself now
unable to trace many of them to their respective
som-ces. To Wood's "Athena3 Oxonienses," Watt's
" Bibliotheca Britannica," Ward's " J jives of the Gres-
ham Professors," Hutchinson's " Biographia Medica,"
Aikin's " Biographical Memoirs of Medicine," *' The
Catalogue of Oxford Graduates," the " Graduati Can-
tabrigienses," the " List of Edinburgh Medical Gradu-
ates," the various " County Histories " and " Biograph-
ical Dictionaries," and that invaluable repertory of
biographic lore " The Gentleman's Magazine," I have
been largely indebted.
X PEEFACE.
To the President of the College of Physicians, Dr.
Mcavo, I have to offer my thanks for the invariable
kindness and courtesy I have experienced from him,
whenever I have had occasion, in the preparation of
this work, to seek his counsel or aid.
To my friend and colleague, Dr. Alderson, the Trea-
surer of the College, I am under deep and lasting obli-
gations. His minute and accurate knowledge of all
that concerns the endowments and property of the
College of Physicians has been placed unreservedly at
my command, and has thus saved me from omissions
and errors into which, without his aid, I should inevit-
ably have fallen. In his official capacity of Treasurer
lie has cordially seconded all my wishes in regard to
the form and arrangement of the work as it now
appears, and he has placed me under the additional
obligation of reading the sheets in their passage
through the press, and of favouring me with numerous
suggestioES and corrections.
From the late and present Registrar of the College,
Dr. Francis Hawkins and Dr. Pitman, I have received
every assistance which their official position enabled
them to supply. Without their conseot and co-opera-
tion, the original MS. could not have been compiled,
nor the present work completed. To their courtesy 1
owe an unrestricted access to the Annals of the Col-
lege, and all the other important documents confided
to their custody. To Dr. Hawkins, however, my obli-
gations are of a more special character. From first to
last he has evinced a kindly interest in my labours ; he
has assisted me whenever I have had occasion to seek
his aid, and it has been often ; and the information he
is known to possess on all that relates to the past
PREFACE. XI
history and present state of the College of Physicians,
indisputably more extensive and accurate than is
possessed by any other person now living, has been
imparted with a readiness and courtesy which have
made my communications vnth him among the most
agreeable of my reminiscences connected with the pre-
paration of ''The Koll."
To Charles Henry Cooper, Esq., F.S.A. of Cam-
bridge, the learned author of the "Athense Canta-
brigienses," now in course of pubhcation, I beg to
express my thanks for the courtesy and promptitude
with which he has replied to my numerous inquiries
respecting the medical graduates of that university,
and yet more for his kindness in supplying me with
the sheets of his valuable — I might almost say national
— work as they have been struck off.
For other assistance in the preparation of this and
the following volumes, I am indebted to Archibald
Billing, M.D., F.RS. ; James Yonge, M.D. of Ply-
mouth ; George Burrows, M.D., F.R.S. ; Eobert
Nairne, M.D. ; William Emmanuel Page, M.D. ;
Henry Jeaffreson, M.D. ; Alexander John Suther-
land, M.D. ; John Webster, M.D., F.RS. ; William
Richard Basham, M.D. ; Thomas Shapter, M.D. of
Exeter; and Joseph C. Cookworthy, M.D. of Ply-
mouth. And lastly, to two esteemed personal friends
now passed away, the Pvev. Philip Bliss, D.C.L.
of Oxford, and the Eev. George Oliver, D.D. of
Exeter.
W. M.
April 20th, 1861.
" Quis tandem me reprehendat, aut qiiis mihi jure siiccenseat,
si, quantum ceteris ad suas res obeixndas, quantum ad festos
dies ludorum celebrandos, quantum ad alias voluptates, et ad
ipsam requiem animi et corporis conceditur temporum : quantum
alii tribuunt tempestivis conviviis; quantum deni que alese, quan-
tum pilse ; tantum mihi egomet ad lisec studia recolenda sump-
sero ?" — Cicero pro Arcliia Poeta.
CONTENTS OF VOL. I.
PAGE
Abbott, Richard
. 308
Baronsdale, William .
Adams, Kichard
. 512
Bartholomew, John .
Aderly, Samuel
. 3Gy
Bartlet, Nathaniel
Adye, Edward .
. 204
Bartlot, Richard
Alder, Peter
. 502
Barwick, Peter .
Allen, John
. 485
Baskerville, Sir Simon
Allen, Thomas .
. 361
Bastwick, John .
Alston, Sir Edward .
. 202
Bate, George
Alvey, Thomas .
. 389
Bateman, John .
Andrews, Richard
. 154
Bathurst, John .
Augustinis, Augustin de
. 33
Bathurst, Thomas
Anthony, John .
. 185
Bayley, Walter .
Argall, Samuel
. 334
Baynard, Edward
Argent, John
. 112
Beare, George .
Arris, Thomas
. 342
Beauvoir, Gabriel de .
Aschton, Peter
. 34
Beech, Aadi-ew .
Atfleld, John
. 369
Bell, Edward .
Atkins, Henry
. 93
Bennet, Christopher .
Atkinson, Christopher
. 87
Beutley, Thomas
Atslowe, Edward
. 66
Bernard, Francis
Aiibert, Mauritius
. 197
Betou, David
Austen, Wilham
. 276
Betts, Edward .
Ayres, Thomas .
. 497
Betts, John
Bidgood, John .
Babbiugton, William .
. 240
Bille, Thomas .
Baber, Sir John .
. 277
Billers, William .
Bacon, Matthew
. 333
Bird, Thomas
Baden, Andrew .
. 515
Bhtckburne, Richard .
Bagaley, William
. 389
Blackmore, Sir Richard
Bainbridge, John
. 175
Blysse, John
Baines, Sir Thomas .
. 301
Boet, Gei'ard
Balle, Peter
, 335
Bond, Joseph
Banister, John .
. 104
Bostock, Charles
Barber, Gabriel .
. 398
Botterel, Thomas
Barbon, Nicholas
. 345
Botterell, Thomas
Barksdale, Franc
.is
. 275
Bourne, Henry .
XIV
CONTENTS.
PAGE
PAGE
Bowie, George .
. 332
Carte, John
. 368
Bowne, Peter
. 177
Carter, Nicholas
. 343
Brady, Robert .
. 418
Castle, John
. 401
Bredwell, Stephen
. 107
Catcher, Richard
. 218
Bree, Thomas
, 433
Cavendish, Henry
. 348
Briggs, WiUiam .
. 424
Celerius, Daniel .
. 112
Bright, WilHam .
. 337
Chaniberlen, Hugh
. 504
Brinslcy, Robert
. 315
Chamberlen, Peter
. 194
Brock, Francis .
. 268
Chambre, John .
. 10
Brooke, Hnmplirey .
. 368
Champion, Thomas .
. 337
Broom, Philip .
. 276
Charles, John
. 360
Broimart, John .
. 175
Charles, John
. 481
Brown, Richard .
. 390
Charleton, Walter
. 390
Browne, Edward
. 372
Chauncey, Tchabod .
. 354
Browne, Galen .
. 197
Chauncey, Isaac .
. 415
Browne, Lancelot
. 86
Chauncy, Robert
. 520
Browne, Thomas
. 274
Christopherson [John]
. 24
Browne, Thomas
. 306
Clamp, Richard
. 305
Browne, Sir Thomas .
. 321
Clark, Abel
. 518
Bruce, David
. 297
Clark, John
. 346
Buck, John
. 433
Clarke, James
. 357
Bulkelej, John .
. 430
Clarke, John
. 180
Burgess, John .
. 32
Clarke, John, junior .
. 234
Burgess, John .
. 216
Clarke, Thomas .
. 273
Burnett, Alexander .
. 334
Clarke, Timothy
. 315
Burnett, William
. 410
Clarkson, William
. 103
Burwell, Thomas
. 315
Claypool, John .
. 388
Burwell, Thomas, junior
. 377
Clement, John .
. 25
Butler, James
. 475
Clement, WUliam
. 146
Butler, Nicholas
. 409
Clench, Andrew .
. 419
Butt, Jeremiah .
. 401
Clerk, Josiah
. 379
Butts, Sir Williain .
. 29
Clerke, Henry .
. 358
Coates worth, Caleb
. 478
Cade, Salisbury .
. 510
Cockburn, William
. 507
Cadyman, John .
, 228
Cogan, Thomas .
. 366
Cadyman, Sir Thomas
. 199
Colbatch, Sir John
. 517
Caius, John
. 37
Coldwell, George
. 58
Caldwell, Richard
. 59
Cole, William .
. 509
Callow, Comehus
, 473
Coles, Thomas .
. 405
Campbell, John .
. 519
Coleston, Joseph
. 331
Carr, John .
. 359
Colladon, Sir John
. 321
Carr, Richard .
. 470
Colladon, Sir Theodore
. 451
CONTENTS.
XV
PAfiE
PAOE
Collier, Abel
. 357
Darell, Nicholas
. 398
Collins, John
. 158
Darnelly, Richard
. 434
Collins, Samuel .
. 264
Davies, Thomas .
. 107
Collins, Samuel, junior
. 355
Davison, Thomas
. 496
Connor, Bernard 0' .
. 514
Davys, Nicholas .
. 348
Conquest, Charles
. 470
Dawes, William .
. 436
Conway, William
. 122
Dawk ins, William
. 422
Conny, Robert .
. 497
Dawson, Edward
. 218
Conyers, William
. 274
Dawson, Thomas
. 402
Coo, Abner
. 269
Deantry, Edward
. 332
Cook, John
. 438
Deighton, John .
. 351
Cooke, James
. 357
Delaune, Paul .
. 170
Cooper, Edmund
. 267
Delaune, William
. 84
Cooper, Edward
, 348
Dennis, Isaac
. 426
Corembek, Martin
. 55
Denton, William
. 327
Cornish, William
. 438
Devis, Edmund .
. 511
Corsellis, James .
. 344
Dew, George
. 485
Cosens, Ezecliiah
. 194
Dew, Richard
. 85
Coughen, John .
. 366
Dey, Joseph
. 243
Coward, William
. 512
Dickinson, Edmund .
. 394
Cox, Nehemiah .
. 475
Diodati, Theodore
. 169
Coxe, Daniel
, 409
Diodati, Theodore
. 333
Coxe, Thomas .
. 247
Disbrowe, James
. 477
Coysh, Elisha .
. 367
Dixon, Jarvis
. 206
Craige, John
. 116
Dodding, Edward
. 86
Craige, John, junior .
. 170
Domingo, Jacob .
. 123
Crawley, Robert
. 274
Donatus, Mauritius .
. 35
Crichton, John .
. 512
Dorchester, The Marquis o
P . 281
Cromer, Walter .
. 31
Downes, John .
. 369
Crooke, Charles .
. 303
D'Oylie, Thomas
. 95
Crooke, Helkiah
. 177
Drake, Roger
. 239
Croone, William
. 369
Draper, John
. 170
Croydon, Thomas
. 280
Drury, Francis .
. 266
Crull, Jodocus .
. 497
Dufray, John
. 478
Curtis, Thomas .
. 481
Duke, Edward .
. 336
Cyprianus, Abraham .
. 519
Dumoulin, Lewis
. 227
Dunne, William .
. 102
Dacres, Arthur .
. 354
Dunning, Henry
. 518
Dale, Robert
. 314
Dynham, Edward
. 228
Dalmariis, Caesar a
. 53
Dalton, Robert .
. 59
Edmond, Joseph
. 388
Daquet, Peter .
. 56
Edwards, Richard
. 308
XVI
CONTENTS.
PAUE
Eedes, Francis .
. 396
Galloway, John .
Eglcnby, .
. 475
Ganton, Robert .
Elkin,
. 189
Garcnciercs, Theophilus
Elliott, John
. 474
Gan-ett, John
Elwin, Edward .
. 122
Garth, Sir Samuel
Emily, Edward .
. 244
Gay, William
Encolius, Nicolas
. 24
Gaylard, Joseph
Eut, Sir George .
. 223
Gelsthorp, Edward
Etwall, John
. 477
Gelsthorp, Peter
Eyre, [William]
. 178
Gerard, Peter
Geynes, John
Farmery, John .
. 96
Gibbons, Richard
Feak, John
. 389
Gibbons, William
Fenton,
. 188
Gibson, Thomas .
Field, Eichard .
. 446
Giffard, John
Fielding, Robert
. 346
Giffard, Roger .
Finch, Su- John .
. 298
Gifford, Thomas
Fiucte, Thomas .
. 29
Gilbert, Wilham
Firmin, Nathaniel
. 389
Gilboume, Thomas .
Fisher, John
. 347
Gill, Thomas .
Fleming, George
. 502
Glisson, Francis
Find, WilUam .
. 148
Glisson, Henry .
Fludd, Robert .
. 150
Glover, John
Fludd, Thomas .
. 107
Goddard, Jonathan .
Fogarty, WiUiam
. 337
Goddard, William
Forster, Richard
. 74
Gooch, Thomas .
Fortescue, Nicholas .
. 351
Good, James
Fowke, Phineas .
. 417
Goodall, Charles
Fox, Simeon
. 147
Goodman, Henry
Fox, Thomas
. 184
Gordon, Sir John
Fraiser, Charles .
. 432
Gould, William .
Fraizer, Sir Alexander
. 232
Goulston, Theodore .
Francis, John
. 22
Gourdan, Aaron
Francis, Thomas
. 61
Gourdon, Dennis
Francklin, Richard .
. 306
Gray, Robert
Frankland, Thomas .
. 382
Greaves, Sir Edward .
Freeman, William
. 30
Grent, Thomas .
Frier, John
. 319
Grew, Nehemiah
Fryer, John
. 31
Grier, David
Fryer, Thomas .
. 72
Griffith, John .
Fuller, Thomas .
. 400
Griffith, Richard
Griffiths, Andi'ew
CONTENTS.
XVU
PAGE
PAGE
Groenveldt, John
. 429
Hispanus, Petrus
. 25
Grooinbridge, John .
. 518
Hoarc, WUham .
. 298
Grynder, Eobert
. 347
Hobbs, Thomas .
. 433
Guersie, Balthasar
. 57
Hodges, NatJianiel
. 361
Guide, Phaip .
. 429
Hodson, Eleazer
. 172
Gurden, Sir John
. 473
Holsteine, Daniel
. 230
Gwinne, Matthew
. 118
Holt, .
. 388
Gwyn, Thomas .
. 31
Hood, Thomas .
. 112
Horseman, Oliver
. 494
Hacker, Francis .
. 437
How, George
. 453
Hales, Jolin
. 277
Howell, John
. 53
Hall, Thomas .
. 87
Howorth, Theophilus
. 303
Halsey, WUUam
. 307
Hoy, Thomas
. 503
Halsewell, Nicholas .
. 22
Huicke, Robert .
. 32
Halsou, John
. 421
Hull, Peter
. 478
Harney, Baldwin
. 153
Hulse, Edward ,
. 397
Hamey, Baldwin, junior
. 207
Hungerford, John
. 473
Hammond, Joliu
. 147
Hunt, Stephen .
. 503
Hammond, Edmund .
. 518
Hutton, John .
. 481
Harding, Edward
. 302
Huys, Thomas .
. 49
Harper, John
. 509
Hyll, Alban
. 51
Harrell, Christian
. 452
Han-is, Richard .
. 342
Inglet, Richard .
. 298
Harris, Walter .
. 423
Harrison, John .
. 460
Jackson, Elihu .
. 510
Harrison, Lancelot
. 347
Jackson, Wdham
. 272
Harrison, Lancelot
. 474
Jacob, Robert .
. 88
Harrey, William
. 124
James, John
. 87
Haslam, Hugh .
. 223
James, John
. 415
Havers, Clopton
. 477
Jameson, Thomas
. 360
Havesius, William
. 331
Jeesop, Joseph .
. 114
Hawes, William
. 331
Jeesop, Thomas .
. 74
Hawley, Richard
. 201
Jewett, John
. 295
Haworth, Samuel
. 416
Johnson, Christopher.
. 76
Hawys, John
. 496
Johnston, Nathaniel .
. 453
Heame, Thomas
. 123
Johnstone, William .
. 435
Herring, Francis
. 116
JoUie, Samuel .
. 426
Hewes, Edward .
. 478
Jolly, Samuel
. 405
Hickes, Ralph .
. 495
Jones, Edward .
. 410
Hill, John . . . .
. 297
Jones, John
. 476
Hincktew, Henry
. 180
Jordan, Edward
. 113
Hinton, Sir John
. 329
JoyUffe, George .
. 280
xviii
CONTENTS.
PAOE
King, Sir Edmund
. 448
Manship, John .
King, John
. 246
ilarbcck, Roger .
King, Thomas .
. 336
Margetson, Thomas .
Kippen, Andrew
. 221
Marshall, Thomas
Kirle, Thomas .
. 297
Marshall, Thomas
Knight, John (?)
. 388
Marshall, WiUiam
Marshe, John
Lake, Thomas .
, 100
Martyn, John
Lamy, Nicholas .
. 239
Master, John
Lane, Josiah
. 306
Master, Richard
Lang, Zurishaddeus .
. 317
Maucleer, Joseph
Langdon, Michael
. 396
Mawe, Nicholas
Langham, Sir William
. 332
Mayerue, Sir Theodore de
Langton, Christopher
. 51
Meara, Edmund
Langton, Thomas
. 82
Mendez, Ferdinando .
Lavme, Paul de .
. 170
M'erref/t, Christopher
Laune, WiUiam de
. 84
Metcalfe, Adrian
Laurence, Thomas
. 347
Meverell, Andrew
Lawrence, Anthony .
. 396
Meverall, OthoweU .
Lawson, John .
. 367
Micklethwaite, Sir John
Le Feure, Joshua
. 454
Midgley, Robert
Le Fevi'e, Sebastian .
. 433
Miller, Christopher
Le Fevi-e, Sebastian Gomba
ult . 479
MiUington, Sir Thomas
Leman, Robert .
. 421
MiUs, Walter ,
Lempriere, Nicholas .
. 337
Mills, Walter ,
Lenthall, Thomas
. 248
Milne,
Leverett, William
. 58
Moesler, Adam .
Linacre, Thomas
. 12
Moesler, John Christopher
Lister, Edward .
. 104
Moleyns, James
Lister, Martin .
. 442
Molins, Lewis
Lister, Sir Matthew .
. 123
Moore, John
Livermore,
. 405
More, Thomas .
Llewellyn, Martin
. 293
Morelli, Henry .
Lodge, Thomas .
. 155
Moresse, N .
Lopus, [Roderigo]
. 69
Morley, Christopher Love
Lower, Richard .
. 379
Morris, Claver .
Ludford, Simon .
. 64
Moms, Samuel .
Luke, John
. 63
Morton, Charles
Morton, Richard
Maccolo, John .
. 179
Moulin, Lewis du
Man, Thomas
. 344
Moundeford, Thomas
Manlove, Timothy
. 509
Muffett, Thomas
PAGE
308
75
280
402
368
358
158
428
410
52
480
216
163
337
471
258
J55
332
172
237
476
89
363
317
426
485
193
343
193
227
174
343
432
35
450
431
388
502
398
227
103
91
CONTENTS.
XIX
PACE 1
PAGE
Mulslier, William . .
. 266
Parker, William
. 331
Mullins, James .
. 193
Parsons, Arthur
. 432
Musgrave, William
. 486
Pattison, Thomas
. 154
Peachi, John
. 430
Napier, Sir Richard .
. 328
Pechey, John
. 433
Napier, Eobert .
. 329
Penny, Thomas .
. 82
Needham, Caspar
. 357
Pepys, Thomas .
. 302
Needliam, Waller
. 472
Percival, Thomas
. 122
Nerill, Ilerman
. 3G9
Perrot, Richard .
. 360
Nicholas, Denton
. 516
Person, John
. 34
Nichols, Charles
. 476
Petty, Sir William .
. 270
Nicholson, John
. 493
Phillipi, Mark Antony
. 199
Nicoll, Henry
. 433
Pickering, Benjamin .
. 272
Nisbett, Henry .
. 266
Pierce, Robert .
. 479
Nones, Hector .
. 54
Pitt, Robert
. 445
North, James
. 485
Poe, Leonard
.149
Novell, Thomas .
. 402
Pope, Gabriel
. 109
Nowell, John
. 100
Powell, John
. 481
Nurse, Thomas .
. 230
Powell, Wnham
. 197
Pratt, John
. 252
Oade, John
. 292
Preest, Robert .
. 98
Oakes, Edward ,
. 303
Primrose, James
. 197
Ogle, Nicholas .
. 518
Pringle, John
. 307
Oldis, Valentine
, 415
Proctor, Henry .
. 422
Oliver, William .
. 493
Prujean, Sir Francis
. 185
OHphant, Laurence .
. 484
Prujean, Thomas
. 279
Osbourne, John .
. 97
Otthen, Hippocrates d'
. 98
Quartermaine, WiUiai
n . .304
Owen, George .
. 36
Oxenbridge, Daniel .
. 193
Radcliffe, John .
. 455
Oyston, James .
. 234
Ramesey, Wilham
. 303
Ramsey, Alexander
. 174
Packer, John
. 360
Randall, Thomas
. 86
Paddy, Sir William .
. 100
Rand, James
. 406
Paget, Nathan .
. 243
Rand, Samuel
. 201
Palmer, Joshua .
. 429
Rant, William .
. 217
PalmcT, Richard
. 110
Raven, John
. 168
Palmer, Thomas
. 473
Rawlins, Thomas
. 121
Palmer, WiUiam
. 497
Raymond, Daniel
. 176
Paman, Henry .
. 446
Reading, Thomas
. 234
Panton, Charles
. 438
Regimorter, Assuerus
. 235
Parker, WiUiam
. 296
Rhamneirus, Martin
. 86
XX
CONTENTS.
Ebead, Alexander
Eicbardson, Edward
Kidgley, Tliomas
Kidley, Humphrey
Eidley, Mark
Eingall, "William
Eobinson, John .
Eobinson, Eichard
Eobinson, Tancred
Eogers, George .
Eogers, George .
Eogers, Samuel .
Eoiston, John .
Eolfe, Thomas .
Eose, PhUip
Eossington, George
Eufine, James .
Eugeley, Luke .
Saintbarb, William
Salmon, Peter .
Sampson. Henry
Saunders, Patrick
Saunders, William
SaTorie, Eobert .
Scarburgh, Sir Charles
Scott, Eichard .
Seaman, Paul
Selin, Daniel
Sheaf, Thomas .
Shereman, Eobert
Sherewood, Eeuben
Short, Eichard .
Short, Thomas .
Sibbald, Sir Eobert
Sisterton, Eobert
Skinner, John .
Skinner, Stephen
Slare, Frederick
Sloane, Sir Hans
Smith, Edmund
Smith, George .
PAfiE
183
307
180
490
106
273
401
442
409
163
316
519
34
493
485
514
393
267
270
223
410
178
520
266
252
100
314
115
222
116
98
516
377
439
518
333
335
433
460
205
305
Smith, Henry
Smith, John
Smith, Eichard (Cantab.)
Smith, Eichard (Oxon.)
Smith, Eichard ,
Smith, William .
Smith, William .
Smythe, John .
Soame, Barnham
Southcott, John
Sowray, Eichard
Spencer, Samuel
Spicer, Eichard .
Spinowski, Christopher Crell
Sprackling, Eobert
Stance, William
Stan dish, Ealph
Stanley, Henry .
Stanley, Nicholas
Stansby, Henry .
Stepbens, Philip
Stokeham, William
Str other, Edward
Strachie, Eobert
Stubbs, Ealpb .
Stubbs, Samuel .
Sutton, Thomas
Swale, Eobert
Swale, Eobert .
Swan, William .
Sydenham, Thomas
Sydenham, William
Sylvestre, Peter .
Symings, John .
Tannor, [John] ,
Tarchill, John .
Taylior, Eichard
Taylor, Arthur .
Taylor, Stephen .
Temple, Benjamin
Terne, Christopher
CONTENTS.
PAGE
Thomson, Samuel
. 227
Walker, Thomas
Thorius, Eaphael
. 109
Waller, Robert .
Thomer, Samuel
. 292
Walsh, Thomas .
Thorpe, John
. 240
Warder, John .
Tichburne, Henry
. 334
Warner, Edward
Timme, Thomas
. 334
Warner, John .
Tivell, John
. 479
Warner, William
Torlesse, Richard
. 387
Warren, Edward
Towgood, Matthew .
. 511
Waterhouse, Thomas .
Trapham, Thomas
. 345
Watson, Praise .
Trench, Edmund
. 245
Webb,
Trevor, Richard
. 308
Wedderbourne, Sir John .
Triste, John
. 252
WeUman, Simon
IVistram, Andrew
. 355
WeUwood, James
Turberrille, Thomas .
. 510
Welstead, Greorge
Turner, Greorge .
. 89
Wendy, Thomas
Turner, John
. 199
Westwood, Samuel
Turner, Peter
. 84
Wharton, Thomas
Twine, Thomas .
. 108
Whistler, Daniel
Twysden, John .
. 319
Whitaker, WiUiam
Tyson, Edward .
. 426
WhitehiU, Nathaniel
Whitmore, Humphrey
Uleter, Timothy Van
. 344
Whittaker, Robert .
Upton, Francis .
. 479
Wilby.John
Wilkinson, Ralph
Vasseur, Lewis le
. 430
WLUcock, Thomas
Vaughan, WilUam
. 397
WiUiams, Sir Maurice
Vaux, Sir Theodore de
. 332
WUUams, Thomas
Vavasour, Thomas
. 56
WUlis, Thomas .
Vermuyden, Charles .
. 308
WUloughby, Percival
Vertey, WiUiam
. 368
WUson, Edmund
Victoria, Ferdinand de
. 21
WUson, Edmund
Vodka, Alexius .
. 147
WUson, Thomas
Vodka, Alexius .
. 193
WUson, Thomas
Windebanke, John
Wadeson, Robert
. 245
Windet, James .
Waldegrave, Sir WiUiam
. 335
Winston, Thomas
Waldo, Daniel .
. 485
Wisedom, Gregory
Waldron, Thomas
. 351
Witherley, Sir Thomas
Wale, Grdes
. 57
Wittie, Robert .
Walker, George .
. 66
WiveU, Henry .
Walker, Gregory
. 268
Woodcock, Samuel
XXI
XX u
CONTENTS.
PAGE
PAGE
Woodgate, Samuel
. 442
Wright, Laurence
. 181
Woodroffe, Timothy .
. 268
Wright, Robert
. 235
Woodward, George .
. 484
Wright, Thomas
. 388
Woolastou, John
. 516
Wyard, Peter .
. 228
Woolfe, Thomas
. 292
Wyberd, John . . •
. 269
"Worth, John
. 518
Wotton, Edward
. 27
Yardler, John ,
. 350
Wotton, Henrj .
. 70
Yaxlej, Robert .
. 22
Wrench, Robert
. 366
Yerbuiy, Henry
. 295
Wright, Bernard
. 307
ROLL
OF THE
ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS
OF LONDON.
Henry the Eighth, with a view to the improvement
and more orderly exercise of the art of physic, and the
repression of irregular, unlearned, and incompetent
practitioners of that faculty, in the tenth year of his
reign founded the Royal College of Physicians of
London. To the establishment of this incorporation
the King was moved by the example of similar institu-
tions in Italy and elsewhere, by the sohcitations of at
least one of his own physicians, Thomas Linacre, and
by the advice and recommendation of his chancellor,
Cardinal Wolsey.
By the terms of the Letters Patent constituting the
College, dated 23rd September (1518), John Chambre,
Thomas Linacre, and Ferdinand de Victoria, the King's
physicians, Nicholas Halsewell, John Francis, and
Kobert Yaxley, physicians, and all men of the same
faculty, of and in London and within seven miles
thereof, are incorporated as one body and perpetual
Community or College. To this was added the power
of annually electing a President, that of perpetual suc-
cession, and the use of a common seal, with the hberty
of holding lands whose annual value did not exceed
twelve pounds. They were permitted to hold assemblies
and to make statutes and ordinances for the government
V^OL. r. B
2 ROLL OF THE [l518
and correction of the College, and of all who exercised
the same faculty in London and within seven miles
thereof, with an interdiction from practice to any
individual, iniless previously hcensed by the President
and College. Four persons were to be chosen yearly
(Censors), to whom was consigned the correction and
government of physic and its professors, together with
the examination of all medicines and the power of
punishing offenders by fine and imprisonment, or by
other reasonable ways. And lastly, the members of
the College were granted an exemption from summons
on all assizes, inquests, and juries in the city and its
suburbs.
The text of the Letters Patent is as follows : —
" Henricus Dei gratis, Pex Anglise et Francise, et
Dominus Hibernise, omnibus ad quos prsesentes hterse
pervenirent, salutem. Cum regii ofl&cii nostri munus
arbitremur ditionis nostras hominum felicitati omni
ratione considere ; id autem vel imprimis fore, si im-
proborum conatibus tempestive occurramus apprime
necessarium duximus improborum quoque hominum,
qui medicinam magis avaritise su£e caus4, quam idlius
bonae conscientiae fiduci4, profitebuntur, unde rudi et
credulse plebi plurima incommoda oriantur, audaciam
compescere : Itaque partim bene institutarum civita-
tum in Italic, et aliis multis nationibus, exempluni
imitati, partim gravium virorum doctorum Johannis
Chambre, Thomas Linacre, Ferdinandi de Victoria,
Medicorum nostrorum, Nicholai Halsewell, Johaimis
Francisci, et Pob, Yaxley, Medicorum, ac prsecipue
reverend issimi in Christo patris, ac domini Dom.
Thomae tituU Sanctae CeciHae trans Tiberim sacro-
sanctae Romanae ecclesiae presbyteri cardinalis, Ebora-
1518] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 3
censis archiepiscopi, et regni nostri Angiise cancellarii
charissimi, precibus inclinati, Collegium perpetuum
doctonim et gravium virorum, qui medicinam in urbe
nostra Londino et suburbiis, intraque sept em millia
passu Lim ab eS, urbe quaquaversus publice exerceant,
institui volumus atque imperamus : Quibus tum sui
honoris, tum publicse utilitatis nomine, curse (ut spe-
ramus) erit, malitiosorum quorum meminimus insci-
tiam temeritatemque, tarn exemplo gravitateque sua
deterrere, quam per leges nostras nuper editas ac per
constitutiones per idem Collegium condendas, punire :
Quae quo facilius rite peragi possint memoratis docto-
ribus Joan. Chambre, Thomse Linacre, Ferdinando de
Victoria, Medicis nostris, Nicbolao Halsewell, Johanni
Francisco, et Rob. Yaxley, Medicis, concessimus quod
ipsi, omnesque homines ejusdem facultatis de et in
civitate prsedict^, sint in re et nomine unum corpus et
communitas perpetua sive Collegium perpetuum ; et
qu5d eadem communitas sive Collegium, singulis annis
in perpetuum ehgere possint et facere, de communitate
ilM aliquem providum virum, et in facultate medicinae
expertum, in Prsesidentem ejusdem Collegii, sive com-
munitatis, ad supervidend' recognoscend' et gubernand',
pro illo anno, Collegium, sive communitatem prsed' et
omnes homines ejusdem facultatis, et negotia eorun-
dem. Et quod idem Prsesidens et Collegium, sive com-
munitas, habeant successionem perpetuam, et commune
sigillum negotiis diet' communitatis et Prsesidentis in
perpetuum serviturum. Et quod ipsi et successores
sui in perpetuum sint personam habiles et capaces ad
perquirendum, et possidendum in feodo et perpetuitate
B 2
4 ROLL OF THE [1518
terras et tenementa, redditus, et alias possessiones
quascunque.
" Concessimiis etiam eis et successorlbus suis pro
nobis et hseredibus nostris, qu5d ipsi et successores
sui possint perquirere sibi et successorlbus suis, tara
in dict^ urbe quam extra, terras et tenementa quas-
cunque aunuum valorem duodecim librarum non exce-
dent' statuto de alienatione ad manum mortuam non
obstante. Et quod ipsi per nomina Praesidentis et
Colleofii seu communitatis facultatis medicinse Lond'
placitari et implacitari possint coram quibuscunque
judicibus in curiis et actionibus quibuscunque. Et
qubd praed' Praesidens et Collegium, sive communitas,
et eorum successores, congregationes licitas et honestas
de seipsis ac sbat' et ordinationes pro salubri guberna-
tione, supervisU; et correctione Collegii seu communi-
tatis praed', et omnium hominum eandem facultatem
in dict^ civitate, seu per septem milliaria in circuitu
ejusdem civitatis exercen' secundum necessitatis exi-
gentiam quoties et quando opus fuerit, facere valeant
licite et impune, sine impedimento nostri, haeredum, vel
successorum nostrorum, justiciorum, escaetorum, vice-
comitum, et alior' ballivor' vel ministror' nostror' haered'
vel successor' nostror' quorum cun que. Concessimus
etiam eisdem Praesidenti et Collegio, seu communitati,
et successoribus suis qubd nemo in dicta civitate, aut
per septem milliaria in circuitu ejusdem, exerceat
dictam facultatem, nisi ad hoc per diet' Praesidentem et
communitatem, seu successores eorum, qui pro tempore
fuerint, admissus sit per ejusdem Praesidentis et Collegii
literas sigilio suo communi sigillatas, sub poena centum
1518] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 5
solidoiiim pro quolibet mense, quo non admissus eandem
facultatem exercuit, dimidium inde nobis et haered' nos-
tris, et dimidium dicto Prsesidenti et Coll' applicandum.
" Praeterea volumus et concedimus pro nobis et suc-
cessoribus nostris (quantum in nobis est), quod per
Prsesidentem et Collegium prsed' communitatis pro
tempore existen' et eorum successores in perpetuum,
quatuor singulis annis eligantur, qui habeant supervi-
sum et scrutinium, correctionem et gubernat' omnium
et singulor' dictae civitatis Medicorum utentium facul-
tate medicinae in eadem civitate, ac aliorum Medicorum
forinsecorum quorumcunque facultatem ill am medicinae
aliquo modo frequentantium et utentium intra eandem
civitatem et suburbia ejusdem, sive intra septem milli-
aria in circuitu ejusd' civitatis, ac punitionem eorund'
pro delictis suis in non bene exequendo, faciendo, et
utendo ilia ; necnon supervisum et scrutinium omnimo-
darum medicinarum, et earum reception' per dictos
medicos, seu aliquem eorum hujusmodi, ligeis nostris
pro eorum infirmitatibus curandis et sanandis, dandis,
imponendis, et utendis, quoties et quando opus fuerit
pro commodo et utilitate eorundem ligeorum nostrorum,
ita qu6d punitio hujusmodi Medicorum utentium dicta
facultate medicinae, sic in praemissis delinquent' per
fines, amerciamenta, et imprisonamenta corpor' suor' et
per alias vias rationab' et congruas exequatur.
" Volumus etiam et concedimus pro nobis, haeredibus,
et successoribus nostris (quantum in nobis est), qubd
nee Praesidens, nee aliquis de Collegio praed' Medicorum,
nee successores sui, nee eorum aliquis exercens facul-
tatem illam, quoquo modo in futur' intra civitatem nos-
6 ROLL OF THE [1518
tram prsed' et suiburbia ejusdem, seu alibi, summoneantur
aut ponantur, neque eoriim aliquis summoneatur aut
ponatur in aliquibus assisis, juratis, inquestis, in-
quisitionibus, attinctis, et aliis recognitionibus intra
dictam civitatem, et suburbia ejusdem, imposterum,
coram majore ac vicecom' seu coronatoribus dictse
civitatis nostrse pro tempore existen', capiendis, aut per
aliquem ofEciarium seu ministrum suum, vel officiarios
sive ministros suos summonend', licet iidem jurati,
inquisitiones, seu recognitiones, summon* fuerint super
brevi vel brevibus nostris, vel hseredum nostrorum, de
recto ; sed quod dicti magistri, sive gubernatores, ac
communitas facultatis antedictse et successores sui, et
eorum quilibet dictam facultatem exercentes, versus nos
liseredes et successores nostros, ac versus majorem et
vicecomites civitatis nostrse prsed' pro tempore existen',
et quoscunque officiarios et ministros suos, sint inde
quieti et penitus exonerati in perpetuum per prsesentes.
" Proviso qubd literse nostrse seu aliquid in eis con-
tent' non cedent in prejudicium civitatis nostrae Lond'
seu libertat' ejusd'. Et hoc absque fine seu feodo pro
prsemissis seu sigillat' prsesentium nobis facienda, sol-
venda, vel aliqualiter reddenda aliquo statuto, ordi-
natioue, vel actu in contrarium ante hsec tempora facto,
edito, ordinato, seu proviso in aliquo, non obstante.
In cujus rei testimonium has literas nostras fieri fecimus
patentes. Teste me ipso apud Westmonasterium,
23 die Sept', an' reg nostri 10."
' Per ipsum Regem,
Et de data prsed' auctoritate pari/
Tunstall.
loiSj ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIA:SS. 7
The haste or neghgence with which these Letters
Patent were prepared left theu' meaning in many
respects ambiguous, and hable to misconstruction,
whilst the plans which they sanctioned, having probably
been laid down in theory only, were found inadequate
to the end for which the foundation was designed. To
obviate these inconveniences the Letters Patent were
confirmed by Statute 14, Henry VIII. By that statute
it was further granted that the persons named m the
Letters Patent, with two others of the said community,
to be chosen by themselves, should be called Elects,
who should yearly appomt from amongst themselves a
President. In case of a vacancy of an Elect, occur-
ring by death or otherwise, it was to be filled up by the
survivors within thirty or forty days after, by the
admission of one of the most cunning and expert men
in London, to supply the number of eight, after an
examination and approval by the supervisors mentioned
in the Letters Patent. It was also enacted that no
person except a graduate of Oxford and Cambridge,
without dispensation, should be permitted to practise
physic throughout England, unless he had previously
obtained letters testimonial under seal, of his having
been examined and approved by the President and
three of the Elects.
The words of the Statute are as follows : — •
" In the most humble wise shew unto your Highness
your true and faithful subjects and Hegemen, John
Chambre, Thomas Linacre, Ferdinandus de Victoria,
your Physicians, and Nicholas Halsewell, John Frances,
and Kobert Yaxley, and aU other men of the same
faculty within the City of London, and seven miles
about. That where your Highness (by your most gra-
cious letters patent, bearing date at Westminster the
twenty-third day of September, in the tenth year ot
8. ROLL OF THE [1518
your most noble reign) for the commonwealth of this
your realm, in due exercising and practising of the
faculty of physic, and the good ministration of medi-
cines to be had, hath incorporate and made of us, and
of our Company aforesaid, one body and perpetual
commonalty or fellowship of the faculty of physic, and
to have perpetual succession and common seal, and to
choose yearly a President of the same fellowship and
commonalty, to oversee, rule, and govern the said
fellowship and commonalty, and all men of the said
faculty, with divers other liberties and privileges by
your Highness to us granted for the commonwealth of
this your realm, as in your said most gracious letters
patent more at large is specified and contained, the
tenour whereof folio weth in these words."
{The Charter of \0 Hen. YIIL to the College is here
set out.)
" And forasmuch that the making of the said corpo-
ration is meritorious and very good for the common-
wealth of this your realm, it is therefore expedient and
necessary to provide, That no person of the said politic
body and commonalty aforesaid be suffered to exercise
and practise physic, but only those persons that be
profound, sad, and discreet, groundedly learned, and
deeply studied in physic."
2. " In consideration whereof, and for the further
authorizing of the same letters patent, and also enlarging
of further articles for the said commonwealth to be had
and made : Pleaseth it your Highness with the assent
1518] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 9
of your Lords spiritual and temporal, and the commons
in this present Parliament assembled, to enact, ordain,
and stablish, That the said corporation of the said com-
monalty and fellowship of the faculty of physic aforesaid,
and all and every grant, article, and other thing con-
tained and specified in the said letters patent, be
approved, granted, ratified, and confirmed in this pre-
sent Parliament, and clearly authorized and admitted
by the same good, lawfid, and available, to your said
body corporate, and their successors for ever, in as
ample and large manner as may be taken, thought, and
construed by the same.
" And that it please your Highness, with the assent
of your said Lords spiritual and temporal, and the
commons in this your present Parliament assembled,
further to enact, ordain and stablish that the six persons
beforesaid in your said most gracious letters patents
named as principals and first-named of the said com-
monalty and fellowship, choosing to them two more of
the said commonalty, from henceforward be called and
clepyd Elects ; and that the same Elects yearly choose
one of them to be President of the said commonalty,
and as oft as any of the rooms and places of the same
Elects shall fortune to be void by death or otherwise,
then the survivors of the said Elects, within thirty or
forty days next after the death of them, or any of them,
shall choose, name, and admit one or more, as need shall
require, of the most cunning and expert men, of and
in the said faculty in London, to supply the said room
and number of eight persons, so that he or they that
shall be so chosen be first by. the said survivors strictly
10 ROLL OF THE [l518
examined after a form devised by the said Elects, and
also by the same survivors approved.
3. " And where that in dioceses of England out of
London it is not light to find alway men able to suffi-
ciently examine after the statute such as shall be ad-
mitted to exercise physic in them ; that it may be
enacted in this present ParHament, That no person
from henceforth be suffered to exercise or practise in
physic, through England, until such time as he be ex-
amined at London by the said President, and three of
the said Elects ; and to have from the said President or
Elects, letters testimonials of their approving and ex-
amination, except he be a Graduate of Oxford or Cam-
bridge, which hath accomplished all things for his form
without any grace."
To the Roll of Physicians who have issued from the
College thus constituted, I now proceed : —
John Chambre, M.D., the first in order of the six
physicians specially mentioned in the letters patent
of Henry VIII for the foundation of the Royal
College of Physicians (>{ London, is remarkable rather
for the position there assigned to him than for his
services to the infant institution, in the management
and success of which he does not appear to have been
warmly interested. Though surviving the foundation
of the College for more than thirty years, I meet with
him but once as elected to any office, namely, to that
of Censor, in 1523.
Dr. Chambre was a native of Northumberland, and
was designed for the priesthood in early life. In the
Church, unlike his distinguished colleague Linacre,
who received ordination when of middle age, he ob-
1518] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 11
tained preferment before lie attached himself to the
study of medicme. Of Chambre's family nothing is
known. In 1492 he was elected to a fellowship of
Merton College, Oxford ; and aoout that time was pre-
sented to the church of Tychmarsh, in Northampton-
shire. Having taken the degree of M.A., he, in 1502,
travelled through Italy, and studied at Padua, where he
graduated in physic ; and, on his return to England,
became the King's physician. In 1508 he was pre-
sented by the widow of Lord Scrope to the church of
Bowden, in Leicestershire ; and he became canon of
Windsor in 1510. In 1522 he obtained the prebend
of Combe and Harnham, in the church of Sarum ; and
in 1524 was collated to the archdeaconry of Bedford.
Two years afterwards he was elected warden of Mer-
ton college, to which he was a benefactor On the
29th of October, 1531, he was incorporated doctor of
physic at Oxford : "a certificate of it," says Wood,
"was sealed with the university seal, the 16th No-
vember following, and forthwith sent to him." In
1536 he subscribed to the Articles of Faith, in a
convocation of the clergy, as clean of the collegiate
chapel of St. Stephen's, Westminster. In 1544 he
resigned the wardenship of Merton, and in 1545
the treasurership of the cathedral church of Bath and
Wells, of which he had also been possessed. He
held hkewise the archdeaconry of Meath, from which
he was exempted residence by letters patent of
Henry YIII, on account of his attendance on the
King in quality of physician. He succeeded Linacre
in this station when the health of the latter precluded
his residence at court ; and was the messenger to
him of the King's pleasure, that his translation of
*' Galen's Method of Healing " should be dedicated to
Henry
Dr. Chambre stood high in the estimation of his
sovereign, of which his plurahties in the Church may
be received as proof He appropriated a portion of
his wealth to the Church, from which he had obtained
12 EOLL OF THE [1518
it, by building cloisters to his collegiate cliapel at an
expense of 11,000 marks. This splendid act of libe-
rality was done at a time when benefactions to the
Church were growmg out of use.
With his medical qualifications we are acquainted
only from a MS. Pharmacopoeia of plasters, spasma-
draps, and unguents, in which are several recipes which
he composed jointly with Dr. Butts, Dr. Cromer, and
Dr. Ang, principally for the King's use."^^ The mode in
which these medicaments are directed to be prepared is
very complicated, and, like all the prescriptions of the
sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, they contain,
amongst a few efficacious articles, many which are
foreign if not useless to the purposes for which they
are designed.
Dr. Chambre died in 1549, having outlived the five
other physicians specified by name in the charter of
the College, and was buried in the church of St. Mar-
garet, Westminster, having lived to see the destruc-
tion of the buildings wliich he had reared at such great
cost, and the appropriation of the revenues of his
deanery to the augmeni-ation of the royal purse, t
Thomas Linacre, M.D. — This distinguished scholar
and physician, the founder and first President of the
College of Physicians, was born at Canterbury. The
names of his parents have eluded research, and the
time of his birth is uncertain— it probably took place
A.D. 1460. His first instructions m grammar were
obtained at the school of the monastery of Christ-
church, Canterbury, then presided over by William
Selling. In 1480 Linacre was removed to Oxford,
and in 1484 was elected a fellow of All Souls' coUege.
With Cornelio Vitelli for his master, he applied him-
self assiduously to the study of Greek, and laid the
foundation for that perfection in it which he so amply
* Sloane MSS. British Museum, No. 1047.
t Vide Wood's Fasti Oxon. aud the Life of Tlios. Linacre, by
J. N. Johnson, M.D. London, 8vo. 1835.
1518] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 13
displayed at a later period of his life. About the
year 1485 he travelled into Italy with his former
master, Selling, who had been appointed ambassador
from Henry VII. to the court of Kome. The two
friends parted at Bologna, Linacre remaining there
for a time to avail himself of the instructions of the
celebrated Politian. He next passed on to Florence,
where he was honoured by the countenance of Lorenzo
the Great, who associated him with his two sons
Piero and Giovanni as their companion, and granted
him permission to attend the instructions of their
preceptors. Amongst these was the learned Greek,
Demetrius Chalcondylas, under whom Linacre per-
fected the knowledge he had obtained at Oxford under
Vitelli. After a residence of more than twelve months
at Florence, Linacre left that city for Rome, and there
laid the foundation of a firm and lasting friendship
with another eminent scholar, Hermolaus Barbarus.
From Home he proceeded to Venice, and from Venice to
Padua. At the former he became acquainted with
Aldus Minatius, the learned printer, and at the latter,
then the most celebrated school of physic in the world,
he took the degree of Doctor of Medicine with the
highest applause.
On Linacre's return to England he immediately
revisited Oxford, to renew his studies and enjoy the
privileges which the tenure of his fellowship still
supplied. His degree of doctor was confirmed to him
at home by an act of incorporation immediately after
his arrival. It is asserted that this act of incorpo-
ration by his own university was followed by a
similar act at Cambridge, a statement which receives
some weight from his subsequent foundation at that
university of a lecture, for which he made a pro-
vision equal to that for his corresponding institution
at Oxford.
About the year 1501 he was summoned from Oxford
to the court, to undertake the ofiice of preceptor and
physician to Prince Arthur; and to these duties is
14 ROLL or THE [1518
said to have been added the still more impoi-tant
charge of the King's (Henry VII.) health, in the
capacity of domestic physician. The death of the
prince allowed Linacre to enter on the practice of his
profession unfettered by the obligations which his
office of tutor had laid upon him. That he had
entered on the public exercise of it seems probable
from a letter of Erasmus, who, having availed himself
of his skill whilst in England, wrote to him from Paris
in 1506 describing his complaints, lamenting the want
of his usual advice, and earnestly requesting him to
remit a former prescription, from which the writer had
derived great benefit, but which the phannacopoJist
had neglected to return.
The interval between the death of Prince Arthur and
the accession of Henry VIII. Linacre so ardently de-
voted to the practice of his profession, and the studies
connected with it, that his friends complained to him of
a too rigid economy in the distribution of his time,
and urged him to occasional relaxation by a mutual
intercourse and epistolary communication.
The accession of the new King seems to have occa-
sioned a temporary alteration in Dr. Linacre's views,
for he returaed about this time to his residence at
Oxford, where he read a Shagglyng lecture — an insti-
tution of which the origin is involved in equal obscurity
with the name. He was soon, however, honoured w^ith
the appointment of physician to the King (Henry VIIL),
resided occasionally at court as the guardian of his
Majesty's health, and maintained a literary intimacy
with the most eminent characters by whom it was
adorned. Linacre had now reached the highest point
of professional fame, and to his care was committed the
health of the foremost in the church and state. Amongst
these were Sir Reginald Bray, knight of the garter and
Lord High Treasurer, to whose wiU he was a sub-
scribing witness in 1503 ; Wolsey, cardinal of St.
Cecilia ; with William Warham, the primate, and
Eichard Fox, privy seal and bishop of Winchester, to
I'jlS] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 15
both of whom he has gratefully acknowledged his obli-
gations.
We have now to regard. Linacre in a new character,
and to exhibit him at an age past the meridian of life,
devoting himself to the study of theology, and the
duties of the priesthood. These occupations were ad-
mitted by the Church as compatible with the practice
of medicine (though not of surgery) ; and the union
had prevailed for several centuries, thus giving to the
ecclesiastics of the middle ages a similar power over
the bodies, as their more legitimate office had given
them over the minds and conscience of mankind. In
examming the motives of this choice, it would seem
that he was guided less by the expectation of dignity
and preferment than by the desire of retirement, and of
rendering himself acquainted with those writings ^vhich
might afford him consolation in old age, and relief from
the infirmities which a life of assiduous study and
application had tended to produce. The precise time
of Linacre's ordination, or from whose hands he received
it, has not been discovered ; certain passages in his
letters dedicatory seem to point to Warham or Wolsey
as the bishop by whom he was ordained. The register
of the former, about the period when it was most likely
to have occurred, is altogether silent on the subject.
His ordination probably took place in or about 1509,
for in October of that year he was collated by the
primate Warham to the rectory of Merstham, in Kent,
from which he derived no emolument, as he resigned it
a httle more than a month from his collation. B)'
whatever causes this resignation was induced, it was
followed in December of the same year by his mstalla-
tion into the prebend of Easton-in-Gordano, in the
cathedral church of Wells, and in the year 1510 by an
admission to the church of Hawkhurst, in Kent, on the
presentation of the abbot and convent of Battle, which
he held till the year 1524. An interval of seven years
elapsed before he was further advanced : he was nomi-
nated in 1517 to a canonry and prebend in the colle-
16 ROLL OF THE [1518
giate cliiircli of St. Stephen's, Westminster, vacant by
the death of Andrea Ammonio, apostolic prothonotary
and papal collector in England. In the following year
he became prebendary of South Newbold, in the church
of York, which preferment he held for the short period
of six months only, being succeeded on the 23rd of
April, 1519, by Kichard Sampson, afterwards bishop of
Chichester. He probably resigned this stall on receiv-
ing the more dignified and lucrative appointment of
precentor of the same cathedral, to which he had been
admitted on the 9th of April preceding, and for which
there is sufficient reason to beheve he was indebted to
Wolsey, to whom about this time he dedicated his
translation of " Galen on the Use of the Pulse." This
dignity was also resigned in November of the year of
his admission. In addition to the appointments men-
tioned, he had the rectory of Holsworthy, in Devon-
shire, which was given him by the King in 1518 ; and
in 1520 he obtained the rectory of Wigan, in Lanca-
shire, which he appears to have held till his death.
Why these preferments were accepted, and why so
speedily resigned, it is difficult to divine, since the
expenses of institution must have exceeded the profits
which were derived from them during the period of
possession. My late veiy learned friend, the Keverend
George Oliver, D.D., the author of the " Monasticon
Dioecesis Exoniensis," in a letter to me dated Exeter,
2nd December, 1854, explains the matter thus: "In
ancient times," says he, "the clergy applied them-
selves not a little to medicine, and such as gained
celebrity were pretty certain of being retained by the
nobility and the court, and w^ere loaded with Church
preferments. This arose to a very great abuse. These
doctors on resigning a benefice often obtained, with the
connivance of the bishops, an annual pension from the
succeeding incumbent. The Crown was satisfied with
these arrangements, as it was a saving to the royal
purse ; but religion and the poor, who looked up natu-
rally to the Church for relief, were the sufierers."
1.318] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 17
The most magnificent of Llnacre's labours was the
design of the Royal College of Physicians of London
— a standing monument of the enlightened views and
generosity of its projector. In the execution of it
Linacre stood alone, for the munificence of the Crown
was hmited to the grant of letters patent ; whilst the
expenses and provision of the College were left to be
defrayed out of his own means, or of those who were
associated with him in its foundation. In the year
1518, says Dr. Johnson,'"' when Linacre's scheme was
carried into effect, the practice of medicine was
scarcely elevated above that of the mechanical arts ;
nor was the majority of its practitioners among the
laity better instructed than the mechanics by whom
those arts were exercised. With the diffiision of
learning through the republics and states of Italy,
establishments solely lor the advancement of science
had been formed with success ; but no society devoted
to the interests of learning yet existed in England
unfettered by an union with the hierarchy or exempted
from the rigours and seclusion which were imposed
upon its members as the necessary obligations of a
monastic and rehgious life. The wealth which the
prelates of the middle ages derived from the church
had reverted to it in the creation of numerous colle-
giate establishments with endowments of the most
ample and liberal kind. In reflecting on the advantages
which had been derived from these institutions, Lin-
acre did not forget the impossibility of adapting rules
and regulations which accorded with the state of
society in the middle ages, to the improved state of
learning in his own, and his plan was avowedly
modelled on some similar community of which many
cities of Italy afforded an example.
" The wisdom of Linacre's plan," wrote Dr. Friend,
" speaks for itself. His scheme without doubt was
not only to create a good understanding and unanimity
among his own profession, which of itself was an ex-
* Life of Linacre, 8vo. London, 183-5.
VOL. I. C
18 ROLL OF THE [1518
cellent thought, but to make them more useful to the
public ; and he imagined that by separating them from
the vulgar empirics and setting them upon such a
reputable foot of distinction, there would always arise
a spirit of emulation among men hberally educated,
which would animate them in pursuing their inquiries
into the nature of diseases and the methods of cure,
for the benefit of mankind ; and perhaps no founder
ever had the good fortune to have his designs succeed
more to his wish."
Of the new Collegre Linacre was the first President,""'
an office he continued to hold till his death on the 20th
October, 1524,-|- The meetings of the College were
held at his house, situated in Knight-rider-street, t
which, from the time of Linacre until the year 1860,
continued in the possession of the College, when it
was taken under the provisions of a recent Act of
Parliament, to provide '^ a site for Her Majesty's
Court of Probate, and other courts and offices." It
was given during Linacre's life-time, and was cer-
tainly not bequeathed by will, as has usually been
supposed.
Linacre was buried in St. Paul's cathedral, in a spot
chosen by himself, and expressly specified in his will.
His grave was unmarked by any memorial for many
years, nor was the neglect supplied until 1557, when
Dr. Caius, then President of the College, gratefully
erected a monument to him at his private cost, with
the following inscription :
Thomas Ltnacrus, Regis Henrici VIII. Medicus. Vir et Gr^ce et
Latine, atque in re niedica longe eruditissimus : Multos state sua lan-
guentes, et qui jam animam desponderant, vita^ restituit ; Multa
Galeni opera in Latinam linguam, mira et singulari facundia vertit :
Egregium opus de emend ata structura Latini sermonis, amicorum
* For List of Presidents, see Appendix.
t " 1524 Vicesimo Octobris moriebatur Thomas Linacrus,
Presidens. Is done dedit Collegio primam faciem seu partem
cedium snarum in locum Comitiorum et BibliothecEe." Annales.
J For Sites of College, see Appendix.
1518] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 19
rogatu, paulo ante mortem edidit. Medicinse studiosis Oxoniaa
publicas lectiones duas, CantabrigiEe unam, in perpetuum stabilivit.
In liac urbe Collegium Medicorum fieri sua industria curavit,
cujus et Pr^sidens proximus electus est. Fraudes dolosque mire
perosus ; fidus amicis ; omnibus ordinibus juxta clarus ; aliquot
annos anteqnam obierat Presbyter f actus. Plenus annis, ex hac
vita migravit, multum desideratus, Anno Domini 1524, die 20
Octobris.
Vivit post funera virtus.
Thomj; Lynacro clarissimo Medico
Johannes Caids posuit, anno 1557.
" The character of Linacre," writes Dr. Johnson, " has
been drawn in high but not undeserved terms, by those
who were best qualified to give an opinion of his
merits. It has been questioned whether he was a
better Latinist or Grecian, a better grammarian or
physician, a better scholar or man for his moral quali-
fications. For his accurate skill in the Greek and
Latin tongues, in other sciences, and in his own pro-
fession, he was esteemed the ornament of his age.
By his endeavours Galen speaks better Latin in the
translation than he did Greek in the original ; and
Aristotle shines not more in his Attic than in his Latin
garb.
" Linacre selected for his models in composition the
works of Quintilian and Aristotle, rather than those of
Cicero, at least his orations and other rhetorical works.
His style is remarkable for its elegance, propriety, and
conciseness. Erasmus has found fault with him for
being too elaborate ; and Sir John Cheke has censured
him for not being Ciceronian enough in his style, and
represents him as, out of some morose humour, an
enemy to that author ; at the same time, however, he
could not refrain from doing justice to his character
for medical knowledge, on which he passes a high
encomium.
" That Linacre was of a great natural sagacity and
of a discerning judgment in his own profession, we
have the concurrent testimony of the most knowing
of his contemporaries. In many cases, which were con-
sidered desperate, his practice was successful. In the
c 2
20 ROLL OF THE [1518
case of his friend Lilye, he foretold his certain death
if he submitted to the opinion of some rash persons
who advised him, and prevailed with him to have a
malignant strumous tumour in his hip cut off, and his
prognostic was justified by the event.
" In private life he had an utter detestation of every
thing that was dishonourable ; he was a faithful friend,
and was valued and beloved by all ranks in life. He
showed a remarkable kindness to young students in
his profession ; and those whom he found distinguished
for ingenuity, modesty, learning, good manners, or a
desire to excel, he assisted with his advice, his interest,
and his purse.
"'In short' (to use the words of Dr. Friend), 'he
was, in his own time, reckoned by the best judges a
man of a bright genius and a clear understanding, as
well as of unusual knowledge in different parts of
learning ; and his works, which are now extant, will
fully satisfy us that he deserved this character. He
was one, who, both living and dead, by his writings
and benefactions, has done great honour not only to
his profession but also to his country.' "
In fine, it was said of Linacre, that no Englishman
of his day had such famous masters, namely, Deme-
trius and Politian, at Florence ; such noble patrons,
Lorenzo de Medici, Henry VII, and Henry VIII ;
such high-born scholars, the Prince Arthur and the
Princess Mary of England ; or such learned friends,
for amongst the latter were to be enumerated Erasmus,
Melancthon, Latimer, Tonstal, and Sir Thomas More.
It yet remains to give some particulars of the lec-
tures Linacre founded at the two universities, the
letters patent for which received the sign manual but
eight days before his decease, namely, on the 12th
October, 1524. By this document a licence was
granted to himself, his executors and assigns, to found
three separate lectures, to the glory of God and the
true art of medicine, for the relief of the fallen and the
increase of the whole realm. Two of them were to be
1518] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 21
appropriated to Oxford, and one to Cambridge ; and
they were to be distinguished by the name of " Ly nacre's
Lectures." In the 3rd Edward VI, Cuthbert Tun-
stall, Bishop of London, the sole surviving trustee
appointed by Linacre, assigned two of the lectures to
Merton College, Oxford, and one to St. John's College,
Cambridge. The office of the two Oxford professors
was to explain or comment on certain parts of Hippo-
crates and Galen ; that of the Cambridge professor to
explain the treatises of Galen " De Sanitate Tuenda"
and " De Methodo Medendi," as translated by Linacre,
or those of the same author " De Elementis et Sim-
pJicibus."
Linacre's translations, which were numerous, are as
follows : —
Proclus — De Sphaera, 1499.
Galen — De Sanitate Tuenda, 1517.
„ Methodus Medendi, 1519.
,, De Temperamentis, 1521.
,, De Naturalibus Functionibus, 1523.
,, De Pulsnum nsu, 1623.
,, De Symptomatibus, lib. iv. ; De Symptomatum Differentiis,
lib. i. ; et De Causis, lib. iii. 1528.
His philological works were the following : —
Rudimenta Grrammatices.
De Emendata Structura Latini Sermonis.
Linacre's will, dated 19th June, 1524, was proved in
London 18th July, 1825. A bust of Linacre, in bronze,
by Sir Henry Cheere, is in the library of All Souls'
College, Oxford. His portrait in the Censor's Koom is
a copy from an original picture in Kensington Palace.
It was painted in 1810 by Mr. William Miller, the
College bedell, an amateur artist of considerable merit.
The Life of Dr. Linacre has been admirably written
by a late Fellow of the College, Dr. J. Noble Johnson,
to whose work (8vo. Lond. 1835) I am indebted for
most of these particulars.
Ferdinand de Victoria, M.D. — But few traces of
22 ROLL OF THE [1518
this physician have reached us. He was, says Wood/"*
physician to Henry VIII and the Queen Consort,
doctor of physic beyond the seas, and was incorporated
in the same degree at Oxford in October, 1520. He
was Censor of the College of Physicians in 1523, and
must have died in the early part of 1529, for on the
16th April of that year Dr. Thomas Fincke was named
Elect in place of Dr. de Victoria, deceased.
Nicholas Halsewell, M.D., was of All Souls'
College, Oxford, of which society he was elected a
fellow in 1468, He was proctor of the university in
1480, and eventually a doctor of medicine. His arms
were formerly in the windows of the cloister of All
Souls, t He must have died about the same time as
Dr. de Victoria, for his place of Elect was filled up on
the same 16th April, 1529, by the appointment of
Dr. John Clement.
John Francis, M.D. — The only mention I find of
him in the Annals is as Consiliarius, in 1523. The
date of his death is uncertain, but I am satisfied he
was not alive in 1541. The records for the preceding
ten years are so defective, that he may have died at
any period between 1531 and 1541.|
EoBERT Yaxley, M.D., is the last-named of the six
physicians specified in the College Charter. Concerning
him, I can only state that he twice filled the ofiice of
Consiliarius, namely, in 1528, 1526, and was certainly
not living in 1541. The variation in the orthography
of names in the fifteenth and early part of the six-
teenth centuries renders it difficult to identify the
* Fasti Oxon. vol. i, p. G62.
t Wood's " History of the Colleges and Halls," by Gutch, p. 305.
X " Ab anno D'ui 1531 ad 1541 quid actum sit in collegio, quis ei
prsesidebat, qui consuluerunt, qui censores fuere non extat : nisi
quod interea temporis assumpti sunt in collegium, anno 1536
Joanes Fryar, Jo' Surges, et Rob. Huyc, doctores." — Annales i.
1523] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 23
individuals mentioned ; but this must have been the
same physician who, under the name of Yakesley, we
find mentioned as follows in a M8. volume, in the
Cotton Library, of extracts from an original book of
accounts of Henry VIII. : " 23 Henr. viij, Feb. 1.
In reward to Dr. Yakesley and another physitian,
iiij li."
Note. — The before-mentioned physicians were the
first six Elects, to which, by the statute 14 Hen. VIII,
they were to add two others. This was done 12th
March, 1523, by the election of Hichard Bartlot, M.D.,
and Thomas Bentley, M.D. " 1523, 12 March. Sex
ill is prioribus electoribus asciti sunt ex prsescripto Par-
Ijamenti alii duo, Hichardus Bartlot, Thomas Bentiey."
EiCHARD Bartlot, M.D. — Being then master of
arts and a fellow of All Souls' College, he was in 1503
admitted bachelor of physic at Oxford. On the 3rd
November, 1508, he supplicated to proceed in physic,
"but whether," says Wood,'"' '*he was admitted, or did
really proceed, does not, by the neglect of the Regis-
trar, appear." He was the first Fellow admitted into
the College of Physicians, but the date of bis admission
is not recorded. He was appointed Elect in 1523; was
six times Consiliarius : viz. 1526, 1529, 1530, 1541,
1545, 1546; Censor in 1542 ; and he filled the office of
President, in 1527, 1528, 1531, 1548. He died m
1556-7, at his house in Blackfriars, London, and was
buried in the church of St. Bartholomew the Great,
Smithfield. " This good and venerable old man," says
Dr. Caius, " very famous for his learning, great know-
ledge, and experience in physic, died in the eighty-
seventh year of his age, at whose funeral the President
and College attended ; it being the first time that the
statute book of the college, adorned with silver, was
carried before the President."!
* Fasti Oxon, vol. i, p. 647.
t " Richardus Bartlot, Doctor et Elector, bonus et venerandus
3
24 ROLL OF THE [1523
Dr. Bartlot left a basin and ewer of silver to All Souls'
College, and not long before his death was a contri-
butor, with Sir W. Petre, Sir J. Mason, Bishop Pole,
and others, to the building' of the warden's new lodod no^s.
He possessed lands in Cadesdon and Denton, Oxford-
shire, and Edg'ware, Middlesex ; the last named he
granted to All Souls' College, by his deed dated 7th May,
2 & 3 Philip & Mary, in consideration that daily masses
should be celebrated in the chapel for the souls of him-
self, of his wife Anne, &c. The salary of the cele-
brating priest was 20d. per week, or 5s. 8d. per month.
[John] Christopherson. — The surname of this
physician appears in the Annals at this place as of one
admitted a fellow of the College. He must be John
Christopherson, M.D., who died in 1524, and was buried
in St. Mildred's, Poultry.
Thomas Bentley, M.D., was of l*^ew College, Oxford,
and proceeded doctor of medicine in June, 1518. The
date of his admission as a fellow of the College of
Physicians is not recorded, but his name foUows imme-
diately after Dr. Christopherson. He was Elect and
Censor in 1523 ; Consiliarius, 1527, 1528 ; President,
1526, 1529, 1530. The time of his death is nowhere
recorded. His name is not in the hst of Elects for 1541,
but as I have before stated, the records for the previous
ten years are so defective, that he may have died at any
period between 1531 and 1541.
Nicolas Encolius, M.D. — Of this physician I can
only state, that he was already a Fellow of the College
in 1523; that he was Consiliarius in 1527, 1528;
senex, doctrina et longo medicinae usu insignis, duodec. calend.
Febmarii, liora tertia bene mane obiit diem, anno astatis suse octo-
gesimo septimo, sepultus decirao calend. ejusdem mensis, in ciijus
pompa f unebri gestatur primo est ante Presidentem Liber Statuto-
rum argento ornatus. Inbumatns est autem apud S. Bartholomaeum
Majorem." Annales, vol. i.
1.326] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 25
Censor and Elect 1542. The place of Elect vacant by
his death was filled in 1552 by the appointment of
Thomas Wendy, M.D.
Petrus Hispanus and John Bartholomew. —
These two names appear at this place in the Annals.
They were Fellows of the College, which is all I can
find concernino^ them.
John Smythe, M.D. — Appears as a Fellow of the
College 22nd September, 1526. He was dead on the
12th January, 1531, when his death is thus noticed:
" et suffecti Electores Ed. Wotton et W. Freeman
in locos demortuorum Thomae Fincke et Joannis
Smythe."
John Clement, M.D. — Of the birth-place, parentage,
or early education of this learned and conscientious
physician but httle is known. There are g^rounds to
believe that he was born in Yorkshire. He was
certainly educated at Oxford, but in what house is not
known. It was his good fortune at an early period to
make the acquaintance of Sir Thomas More, who took
him into his family, made him tutor to his children, and
treated him with a kindness almost paternal. About
the year 1519 he was again at Oxford, and settled in
Corpus Christi College, having been constituted
Cardinal Wolsey's rhetoric reader m the university,
and soon afterwards professor of Greek. These offices
he filled with a success and reputation unequalled in
the schools on any former occasion. His friend and
patron. Sir Thomas More, writes of him thus: "Clemens
meus Oxonii profitetur, auditorio tan to quanto non ante
quisquam. Mirum est quam placeat et deametur
universis. Quibus bonse literse propemodum sunt invisse
tamen ilium charum habent, audiunt, et paulatim
mitescunt. Linacer, qui neminem ut scis temere
probat, tamen illius epistolas sic effert atque admiratur
ut ego quoque, qui unice homini faveo, propemodum
26 ROLL OF THE . [1528
tamen tarn cumulatis Jaudibus ab illo viro cono-estis
invideam."""
It does not appear that up to this period his studies
had been directed to any particular profession, but he
now devoted himself entirely to the pursuit of medical
knowledge. Thus More, in one of his epistles (anno
1521 or 1522), mentioning Lupset as professor of lan-
guages at Oxford, says, " Successit enim Joanni de-
menti meo, nam is se toto addixit rei medicse."
On the 1st February, 1528, Clement was admitted
a Fellow of the College of Physicians. On the 16th of
April following he was admitted an Elect " in loco
E-ic. Halsewell demortui ;" and he was one of the
physicians sent by Henry YIII to Wolsey, when he
lay languishing at Esher, in 1529, He was Consiliarius
inl529, 1530, 1531, and 1547. In 1544 he was elected
President.
Sincere and constant in his attachment to the Church
of Rome, in whose communion he had been born and
nurtured, he left his native country soon after the
accession of Edward VI., and retired to Louvaine. In
the Annals, anno 1551, is the following entry : " Post-
ridie Divi Thomae Apost. electus est in numerum
Electorum Tho. Huys, vice doctissimi viri Joannis
dementis doctoris, Lovanii peregrinantis religionis
gratia." Some circumstances must have rendered him
peculiarly obnoxious to the Court, as he was, with
some others, exempted from a general pardon granted
by Edward in 1552. It was. Wood thinks, during his
continuance, abroad on this occasion, that he took the
degree of doctor, a supposition clearly inadmissible, for
I find him as early as the 16th April, 1528, mentioned
in the Annals as then a doctor of medicine.
The death of Edward and the accession of Mary
led him once more to England, and his return is thus
recorded : — " 19 Mart. 1554. — Quo tempore in comitiis,
primo post reditum Louvanio, apparuit Joannes Clemens,
* Tres Tliomao, auctore Th. Stapleton, 12mo. Colon. Agripp. 1612,
in Vita Thomse More.
1528] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 27
doctor et elector, cujus reditu fortuna efFectum est, ut
sint electores novem." Age and infirmities now over-
took him, and, notwithstanding he was elected Censor
in 1555, and Consiliarius again in 1556, 1557, 1558,
the College, at the comitiamajora, he\d 20th May, 1555,
accorded to him the following exemption : — '' Jo. de-
menti Doctori data facultas est, ut pro arbitrio accedat
ad Collegium, tum propter senectutem turn propter
adversam valetudinem, nisi cum electio Praesidentis
aut gravis aliqua causa aut honor Collegii postulat."
On the accession of Queen Elizabeth he again left
England and retired to Mechlin, where he Hved and
practised for many years. Dying 1st July, 1572, at
his residence in the Blocstrate, in St. John's parish,
Mechlin, he was buried the following day in the
cathedral church of St. Kumbold in that city.
Dr. Clement married, about the year 1526, a lady
named Margaret Giggs, who had been educated among
Sir Thomas More's ciiildren, and in great part by
Clement himself Pits calls her "Maro-aritam illam
quam inter iilias suas, tanquam filiam, educari fecerat
Moras." She was in truth a very accomplished scholar,
was little inferior to her husband in a knowledge of
the learned languages, and she gave him considerable
assistance in his translations from the Greek. She
shared his joys and troubles for more than forty-four
years, and died in July, 1570. In an epitaph which
Dr. Clement wrote for her monument, among other
subjects of praise, he mentions her teaching her sons
and daughters Latin and Greek.
Dr. Clement was the author of " Carmina et Epi-
grammata, lib. i.," and of " Translations of the Epistles
of St. Gregory Nazienzen," of the " Homilies of Nice-
phorus Calixtus," and of the " Epistles of Pope Celestin
to Cyrillus, bishop of Alexandria."
Edward Wotton, M.D., was born in the city of
Oxford, being the son of Richard Wotton, superior
28 ROLL OF THE [l528
bedel of the university. He was educated in the
grammar school adjoining Magdalen college, of which
society he was subsequently made semi-commoner or
demie, and fellow, as Wood conceives, after he had
taken his degree of B. A. By the favour of bishop Fox,
the founder, he was in 1520 made socius compar of
Corpus Christi College, with leave to travel into Italy
for three years. There he applied himself to the study
of physic, and at Padua took the degree of doctor. On
his return he w^as appointed Greek reader of his college,
and on the SrdMarcli, 1525, was incorporated doctor of
his faculty at Oxford. Soon afterwards he removed to
London, was admitted a Fellow of the College of Phy-
sicians 8th February, 1528, and was appointed physician
to the King (Henry VIII). He served all the offices
in the College; was . Consiliarius 1531, 1547, 1549;
Elect 1531, on the death of Dr. Fincke ; Censor 1552,
1553, 1555; President 1541, 1542, 1543. He died
5th October, 1555, set. 63, and was buried in St. Alban's
church, Wood-street, Cheapside.
Dr. Wotton seems to have been the first of our
English physicians who particularly applied themselves
to the study of natural history. He rendered himself
famous by a work on this subject entitled, " De Dif-
ferentiis Animalium, lib. x," Paris, 1552. Of this work
Gesner, in the preface to his " Historia Avium," ex-
presses the following opinion : " Edoardus Wotton,
Anglus, uuper de Animalium Differentiis libros decem
edidit ; in quibus, etiamsi suarum observationum quoad
historiam nihil adferat neque novi aliquid doceat,
laude tamen et lectione dignus est, quod pleraque
veterum de animalibus scripta ita digesserit ac inter
se conciharit ut ab uno fere authore profecta videantur
omnia : stylo satis sequabili et puro, scholiis etiam ac
emendationibus utilissimis adjectis, et quod priusquam
ad explicandas singulorum naturas accederet, qua3
communia et in genere dici poterant doctissime expo-
suerit." This account, though drawn by a friendly
hand, is not essentially different from the sentence o^'
1529] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 29
Haller : " ab eruditione magis quam ab ipsarum rerum
cognitione commendatus."*
Thomas Fincke, M.D., would seem to have been
admitted a Fellow of the College on the same day as
Dr. Wotton, viz., 8th February, 1528, and on the
16th April in the same year was appointed an Elect.
He did not long survive, for on the 12th January, 1531,
his death is mentioned iu the Annals, and his place of
Elect supplied by Dr. Wotton.
Sm William Butts, M.D., was educated at Gon-
ville Hall, Cambridge, of which he became a Fellow.
He proceeded B.A. 1506, M.A. 1509, and M.D. 1518.
Wood tells us that in 1519 was "a supplicat made
that William Butts, doctor of physic, of Cambridge,
might be incorporated, but whether he was so or not
I cannot find." In 1524, he took a lease of St. Mary's
hostel, Cambridge, so that he was probably tlie prin-
cipal of that house. He was admitted a Fellow of the
College of Phywicians 9th November, 1529, " sed ea
coDditione admissus est ut juret in honorem, perpetui-
tatem et observationem Statutorum Collegii," and,
although high in the estimation of his colleagues,
seems never to have filled any collegiate ofiice. He
was physician to Henry VIII, whose confidence he
enjoyed in a remarkable degree ; and he seems to
have been favourable to the Keformation. He was
the friend of Wolsey, Cranmer, and Hugh Latimer,
and the warm patron of Cheke and Thirlby. He was
knighted by Henry VIH, under the title of Sir William
Butts, of Norfolk, is immortahsed by Shakspeare, in
his play of Henry VIII, and his portrait is in Holbein's
picture of the delivery of the Charter to the Barber
Surgeons. He had an extensive grant of abbey lands,
36 Henry VIII, and dying, 17th November, 1545, was
buried in Fulham Church. His altar- tomb, on which
* Aiken's Biographical Memoirs of Medicine. 8vo. London
1780.
30 ROLL OF THE [1529
was his portrait in brass, clad in armour, bore the fol-
lowing inscription : —
Epitaphium D. Gulielmi Buttii, Equitis Aurati
et Medici Regis Henrici Octavi, qui obiit a.d. 1545, 17 Novemb.
Quid Medicina valet, quid honos, quid gratia Regum :
Quid popularis amor, mors ubi saeva venit ?
Sola valet pietas quae structa est auspice Cliristo :
Sola in morte valet, castera cuncta flaunt :
Ergo milii in vita fuerit quando omnia Christus :
Mors niihi nunc lucrum vitaque Christus erit.
Sir William Butts is characterised in the Annals
as '^ vir gravis, eximia literarum cognitione, singular!
judicio, summa experientia, et prudenti consilio,
doctor."
William Freeman, M.D.- — Being then master of
arts, he was, on the 21st July, 1523, admitted
bachelor, and on the 7th July, 1526, doctor of medi-
cine, at Oxford. Dr. Freeman was admitted a Fellow
of the College of Physicians 9th November, 1529, and
in 1531 was appointed an Elect. He served the office
of Consiharius in 1541, 1544, 1548, 1549 ; was Presi-
dent in 1545, and was re-elected in 1546. His last
year of office as President is marked by the grant of
arms to the College from Christopher Barker, Esq.,
Garter King of Arms.""' Dr. Freeman was dead on the
31st March, 1550, when his place of Elect was filled
by the appointment of Dr. Huyc.
John Blysse, M.D. was of Merton College, Oxford.
B.A. 19th June, 1507. In the catalogue of fellows of
that college he is styled " medicus et astronomus
* " Vicesimo Septembris bujus Prgesidentis anni, qui anno erat
Domini 1546, exacto jam 1545, quo incepit pr£esidere, is Pr^sidens
Will'mus Freman, Richardus Bartlot, Joannes Clemens, et Ed-
wardus Wotton obtinuerunt a Joanne Barker seu Gartero Armorum ^
Rege, insignia Collegio ; manum videlicet e nube demissam, eegri 1
brachium complectentem, dimidiatas irides per ambitum, et in imo .;
malum granatum, ut in ejus Uteris testimonialibus ad hoc con-
scriptis, videre licet." — Anna:^es, i.
I
1530] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 31
quam doctus," Being then M.A. (the date of which is
not recorded) he was admitted bachelor of medicine
4th April, 1525, and doctor the following day. He
was admitted a Fellow of the College of Physicians 9th
November, 1529.
Thomas Gwyn, M.D.— Of All Souls' College, Oxford,
M.D. 13th February, 1528, was admitted a Fellow of
the College of Physicians the 11th April, 1530, an
Elect 1541, and Censor the same year. He was dead
on the 3rd July, 1542, when his place of Censor was
filled by the appointment of Dr. Pichard Bartlot,
whilst the office of Elect was supplied on the 22nd
December, 1542, by the appointment of Dr. John
Burgess.
Walter Cromer, M.D.— Admitted a Fellow of the
College nth April, 1530, Elect 1541, Censor 1544.
He was dead in 1547, for in that year I meet with the
following record : " In locum defuncti Doctoris Cromer
sufFectus Elector est Johannes Iryar."
Dr. Cromer was, I believe, physician to Henry VIII,
for, in conjunction with Dr. Chambre, Sir William
Butts, and Dr. Ang, he drew up the MS. now in the
British Museum (Sloane MS. No. 1047) of medicines
for the King's use,
John Fryer, M.D. — Born at Balsham, Cambridge-
shire, was educated at Eton, and elected thence to
King's College, Cambridge, in 1517. He was A.B.
1521, and A.M. 1525. On the 5th November, 1525,
he was incorporated at Oxford, being one of three
masters of arts who had been preferred to Cardinal
Wolsey's college in that university. Proving how-
ever violent Lutherans, they were one and all obliged
to leave it. " Jolm Fryar," says Wood, " was upon
account of religion committed prisoner to the master
of the Savoy, where he did much solace himself with
playing on the lute, having good skill in musick, for
32 ROLL OF THE [1536
which reason a friend of his would needs commend
him to the master of the Savoy, but he answered,
* Take heed, for he that playeth is a devil, because he
hath departed from the Catholick faith.' Afterwards
he was set at liberty, and, travelling beyond seas, re-
turned to that rehgion wherein he was educated, was
made doctor of physick, and after his return settled in
the parish of St. Martin Outwich, in Bishopsgate-street,
London, where dying in the winter time, anno 1563,
he -was buried in the church there." Thus far Wood.
He graduated M.D. at Padua, and probably was incor-
porated on that degree at Cambridge. Dr. Fryer was
admitted a FeUow of the College of Physicians in 1536,
was Censor in 1541, 1553, 1554, 1555, 1559; Elect,
1547; Consiharius, 1548, 1555, 1556, 1557, 1558, 1559,
1560 ; and President, 1549, 1550. Eventually he was
again imprisoned, and on this occasion not for
Lutheranism but for Cathohcity. Shortly aiter his
liberation in the beginning of August, 1563, he con-
tracted the plague, and died of it on the 21st October,
as did also his wife and some of his children. Tliis
event is thus recorded in the Annals: "Restitutus
libertati est Joannes Fryer Dr. principio Augusti, qui
paulo post peste obiit 21 Octobris, anno 1563, una cum
uxore et liberis aliquot."
John Burgess, M.D., admitted a Fellow of the
College in 1536, was elected Censor and Elect, 1543;
Consiliarius, 1544, 1545, 1546 ; and President, 1547.
Dr. Burgess was dead on the 30th March, 1550, when
his place of Elect was filled by the appointment of
Dr. Caius.
Robert Huicke, M.D. — A native of Berkshire ;
he was A.M. of Oxford, and a Fellow of Merton
College in that university, but proceeded doctor of
medicine at Cambridge in 1538. He was admitted
principal of St. Albans Hall, Oxford, 10th March,
1534-5, but soon after relinquished that office. Ad-
153G] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 33
mitted a Fellow of the College of Physicians in 153G,
he was Censor in 1541, 1556, 1557, 1558, 1559 ; was
named an Elect in 1550 ; was President in 1551,
1552, 1564; and Consiliarius in 1553, 1559, 1560,
1561.
Dr. Huicke was physician to Henry VIII. and Queen
Katharine Parr. Edward VI, by letters patent dated
4th July, 1550, appointed him his physician extra-
ordinary, with the annual stipend of fifty pounds. He
was also one of the physicians to Queen Elizabeth,
before whom he took a part in the Physic Act kept at
Cambridge 7th August, 1564, Her Majesty jesting
with him when he desired her licence. He also
disputed in the Physic Act before the Queen at
Oxford, 5th September, 1566, and on the following day
was incorporated M.D. in that university.
Dr. Huicke was not happy in his domestic life, but
the fault seems to have rested with himself. In March,
1546-7, there was an appeal against the definitive sen-
tence of Dr. John Croke, in a suit of divorce between
Dr. Huicke and Elizabeth his wife. Dr. Croke having
given sentence in favour of the wife. Dr. Huicke was
the appellant. Examinations respecting the dispute
between him and his wife were made by the Privy
Council at Greenwich, 11th and 12th May, 1546. The
Lords, after hearing both of them face to face, wrote
thus to Secretary Petre : " AVe never in all our liefes
harde matier that more pitied us : so much cruel tie
and circumvencion appered in the man, so little cause
minstred by the woman."'"'
AuGUSTiN DE Angustinis, M.D., was a Venetian,
and was admitted a Fellow of the College about the
year 1536. He was Censor subsidiarius in 1541, 1542;
Censor in 1543, 1544. He was domestic physician
to Cardinal Wolsey ; and in the Cottonian M.S. Titus
B. I. fol. 365, there is a letter of his to Thomas Crom-
well, requiring speedy medical assistance, apparently
* Cooper's Athenae Cantab., vol. i, pp. 224, 554.
VOL. I. D
34 ROLL OF THE [1542
for Wolsey. It is dated Esher, 19tli January, 1529-
30. The letter is so badly written, as far as penman-
ship goes, that it would be difficult to give an exact
transcript of it. Angustin begs in it that Master Butts
and Master Walter may be sent down as soon as pos-
sible, adding in Latin, " Hes multum urget. Prudenti
et amico pauca." He wishes leeches, hungry ones, to
be procured, and desires that Master Balthasar, or, if
he cannot or is unwilling, that some other person may
be sent who understands to put them on. He adds,
again in Latin, " periculum est in mora," and signs,
Aug. de Ang. It is not known in what year Dr. Ang.
entered the Cardinal's service, but he was certainly
acting in that capacity before the 7th January, 1523,
under which date he is mentioned in Sanuto's diaries.
He, with Dr. Chambre, Dr. Butts, and Dr. Cromer,
was the author of the volume of Becipes, Sloane MS.,
British Museum, 1047. He was doubtless, therefore,
one of the physicians to Henry VIII.
John Person. — The two following entries are all I
can collect of this Fellow of the College. 25th Junii,
1541. Among the Censors of the year, "Joannes
Person Licentiatus qui a Linacri tempore inter CoUegas
fuit." This is the first time his name appears in the
Annals, but it is clear it should have done so long before.
" 18th Feb. 1559. Decessit ex hac vita Joannes Person
Licentiatus, et sepultus est apud S. Botolphum xix.
ejusdem mensis, Londini."
John Boiston, M.D., was admitted a Fellow of the
College of Physicians 3rd April, 1542, and appointed
Censor in 1544.
Peter Aschton, M.D., was admitted a Fellow of the
College 3rd April, 1542, and was appointed Censor
in 1543. In the grant of arms to the College by
Christopher Barker, Garter, 20th September, 1546,
he is twice mentioned as " Maister of the Chauncerv."
1542] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 35
Dr. Aschton was the son of Peter Ascliton, of Old Wes-
ton, CO. Huntingdon, was in holy orders and became
rector of the church of Houghton and Witton, in Hun-
tingdonshire, and, as is stated in the pedigree of his
family, " one of the Masters in Chancery in the time of
Henry VIII.""
Mauritius Donatus, M.D. — His admission as a
Fellow of the College, on the 3rd April, 1542, is all
that appears concerning him.
Thomas Bille, M.D., of Bedfordshire, B.A., 1524-5,
was soon afterwards elected fellow of Pembroke Hall,
Cambridge. He commenced M.A. 1528. Being a
medical student, he had leave from his college in 1530
to travel for three years and a quarter, and again in
1531 for two years more. He took the degree of M.D.
at Pavia, and was incorporated at Cambridge in 1534.
He was one of the physicians to Henry VIII. and
Edward VI., from the latter of whom, on the 26th
March, 1546-7, he received a grant of one hundred
pounds per annum. We find him specially called in to
attend the Princess Elizabeth at Cheshunt in 1549.t
Dr. Bille's name appears for the first time in the Annals
of the College of Physicians on the 30th September,
1543, the day for the annual election of officers, amongst
whom he stands as junior Consiliarius and senior
Censor. Dr. Bille obtained from St. John's College,
Cambridge, a lease of their estate at Heigh am. This
lease was granted during the mastership of Dr. William
Bille, who is said to have been a younger brother of
the physician.
N. MoRESSE, M.D. — The precise place of this phy-
sician in the series of members is uncertain. His name
appears for the first time in the Annals as Censor in
1544.
* Nicholl's Leicestershire, vol. iv, part 1, p. 370.
t Athenae Cantab., vol. i, p. 98.
D 2
36 ROLL OF THE [1545
George Owen, M.D., was born in tlie diocese of
Worcester, and educated at Oxford. He became pro-
bationer fellow of Merton College in 1519, and took
hip, degree of doctor of physic at Oxford in 1527. Soon
after his graduation, he was appointed physician to
Henry VIII., in which office he also served Edward
VI. and Queen Mary. He was admitted a Fellow
of the College of Physicians 25th June, 1545 ; an
Elect 1552, in place of Dr. John Chambre deceased ;
and on the 2nd October, 1553, was elected Presi-
dent, to which office he was re-appointed the fol-
lowing year. His station at court, and the testi-
mony of respectable contemporaries, sufficiently as-
sure us of his high character in the profession ; but
few particulars of his life are recorded. He was one of
the subscribing witnesses to the will of Henry VIII.,
who left him a legacy of one hundred pounds. It
has been said that Edward VI. was brought into
the world by Dr. Owen, who is reported to have per-
formed the Caesarian operation on his mother. From
this circumstance, whether truly or falsely related, we
may conclude him to have been a practitioner in mid-
wifery, as weU as in physic. In the 1 Mary he was
instrumental in obtaining an Act for the confirmation
and enlargement of the powers of the College. Some
time after, upon occasion of a difference between the
College of Physicians and the University of Oxford
concerning the admission by the latter of Simon Lud-
ford and David Laug-hton to the deofree of bachelor of
medicine, Cardinal Pole, then chancellor of the
university, compelled that body to cojisult with Dr.
Owen and Dr. Thomas Huys, the Queen's physicians,
" de instituendis rationibus quibus Oxoniensis academia
in admittendis medicis uteretur." An agreement was
in consequence made, which the chancellor approved
and ratified by his authority. We learn little further
concerning this eminent physician, except that he
enjoyed for several years before his death divers lands
and tenements near Oxford, which had formerly
1545] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 37
belonged to religious houses, and were conferred upon
him by the favour of Henry VIII. and Edward VI.
It may therefore appear strange, that one of his
descendants should be condemned to death in the year
1615, for maintaining the legality of killing a prince
excommunicated by the Pope.
The death of Dr. Owen, which took j^lace from an
epidemic intermittent fever, is thus recorded by Dr.
Caius : — " G-eorgius Owen, regius medicus et doctor
Oxon. obiit die xviii, Octobris (1558), et sepultus est
apud S. Stephanum in Walbroke Londoni, xxiv. ejus-
dem mensis.""" He was the author of a treatise
entitled
A Meet Diet for the New Ague set forth by Mr. Owen. Fol.
Lend. 1558.
John Caius, M.D. was the son of Robert Caius
of Norwich and Alice (WodaneU) his wife, and was
born in that city 6th October, 1510. After receiving
his rudimentary education at a school in his native
city, he was, on the 12th September, 1529, transferred
to Gonville hall, Cambridge. He appears in the first
instance to have turned his attention to divinity, as
before he was twenty-one years old he translated from
Greek into Latin two works on prayer, and from
Latin into English the paraphrase on St. Jude by
Erasmus, of whose treatise, " de Vera Theologia," he
also made an epitome. His father died in 1532, and he
took the degree of A.B. 1532-3. He was appointed
principal of Physwick hostel 12th November, 1533,
and elected a fellow of GonviUe hall 6th December in
the same year. He commenced A.M. 1535, and on
25th October in that year, with the master and other
fellows of Gonville haU, subscribed the submission to
the King's injunctions. In 1539 he set out for Italy
and studied physic at Padua under John Baptist
Montanus, the great medical teacher of his time.
Whilst at Padua, Caius lodged in the same house with
* Aiken's Biographical Memoirs, p. 68.
38 ROLL OF THE [1547
the celebrated anatomist Vesalius, and pursued his
anatomical studies with an ardour equal to that of his
companion. On I8th May, 1541, he took the degree
of doctor of medicine at Padua, being at the same time
public professor of Greek in that university, a salary
for which, or for public lectures on the Greek text of
Aristotle, which about this time he delivered in con-
junction with Realdus Columbus, was paid by certain
noble Venetians. In 1543 he made the tour of the
greater part of Italy, visiting all the most celebrated
libraries, and collating MSS., principally with the view
of giving correct editions of the works of Galen and
Celsus. Keturning to England, he was, on the 22nd
December, 1547, admitted a Fellow of the College of
Physicians, an event thus recorded by himself in the
Annals : — " Vicesimo secundo Decembris, in comitiis
cooptatus est, Joannes Caius, doctor Patavinus, Nor-
vicensis, in Collegium ; lectis prius literis testimoni-
alibus universitatis Patavinse, de gradu doctoratus sui,
qui fuit anno domini 1541, Mail xiij." On the 30th
March, 1550, on the death of Dr. Burgess, he was
appointed an Elect, and Consiharius in that and the
following year. In the Annals for 1552, occurs the
following (to me) inexplicable memorandum: "Junii
XXV. In frequentiss, comitiis lectae sunt secundo
literse testimoniales nobilissimse academige Patavinse de
doctoratu Joannis Caii doctoris." At the next quarterly
comitia he was elected Censor and Consiharius. Of his
medical career up to this period but little is known
with certainty. He is believed to have practised his
faculty at Cambridge, Norwich, and Shrewsbury, in
the last-named of which towns he is said to have been
sojourning in 1551. when the sweating sickness broke
out there. In the following year (1552, having then
taken up his permanent abode in London) he published
an account of that disease in Enghsh, which he after-
wards improved and translated into Latin. He was
physician successively to Edward VI., Mary, and
Elizabeth ; but from the office of physician to the last
1547] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 3.9
he is said to have been removed in 1568, in consequence
of his adherence to the Koman Catholic faith.
In 1555 Dr. Caius was appointed President of the
College of Physicians, and was annually re-elected to
the year 1560 inclusive. Towards the end of this
period his time and attention were much occupied
with the magnificent design he had long had in view,
and upon which he was then engaged, of enlargino- and
augmenting the resources of the college at Cambridge
in which he had been educated. The annual election
of officers at the College of Physicians was in 1559
postponed to so late a period as the 22nd December,
mainly on account of Dr. Caius's absence at Cam-
bridge. He himself records this circumstance in the
Annals, as follows : '* Ante eum diem xxij. eJectio
esse nulla potuit, quod die quo ex statuto esse debuit
PrsRsidens Cantabrigise erat, tractandis, componendis,
et ornandis CoUegii sui rebus et negotiis. At post
reditum, variis suis cuj usque negotiis ita distract!
erant Electores, ut citiiis ad electionem sufficiens
eorum numerus in unum congregari nequebat."
He was succeeded as President by Dr. Pichard
Masters, and on the 17 th October, 1561, handed
over to his successor the whole of the College funds,
amounting to 55^. 135. Sd. The sum he had received
six years before, on his election as President, was, he
tells us, thirty-eight shillings and six pence only ; and
during his tenure of office the ornaments or insignia
of the President had aU been procured. We find
him re-appointed President in 1562, and again in
1563, when he makes the following entry : " Absoluta
et perfecta sunt Statuta et eleganter transcripta. His
et multis aliis gestis, sed paucioribus quam par est,
propter pest'Bm plebiscitum et Prsesidentis absentiam,
constituendo quae ad sedificationem Collegii sui perti-
nebant. Ut reversus est Prsesidens, et ad sesquiannum
officio hie suo functus est, 12 Maii, 1564, id resignavit,
et reddita 22 Junii omnium ratione restitutisque
omnibus, quietem jam et immunitatem petiit, turn
•40 ROLL OF THE [1547
propter senium, turn propter multitudinem negotiorum
Cantabrigise, quibus turn premebatur, praecipue vero,
quod per septennium et amplius functus Prgesidentis
officio est, gravibus suis laboribus et magno dispendio.
Quod tamen eo sequius tulit quod CoUegii honori
atque commodo, Collegis contentioni fuit." It would
almost seem that the Fellows feared the College could
not proceed in its functions without the assistance of
Dr. Caius, for, notwithstanding the above appeal, we
find him elected President for the ninth and last time
in 1571. On the 15th November, 1572, in considera-
tion of his age, engagements elsewhere, and long and
valued services to the College, he was excused from
further attendance, except at the quarterly comitia,
or on occasions when any very extraordinary or im-
portant business was under discussion.
Dr. Caius, in anticipation of his death, the very
day of which he is said to have foretold, caused his
own grave to be made in the chapel of Caius College
on the 2nd, 3rd, and 4:th of July ; and died at his
house in the parish of St. Bartholomew the Less,
London, as he had predicted, on the 29th July, 1573,
aged sixty-three. His body was, on the Tuesday after
his death, removed from London, in order to its
sepulture in the college chapel, pursuant to his testa-
mentary directions. It was met at Trumpington Ford
by the master and fellows of his college, and the
vice-chancellor, doctors, and others of the university,
by whom it was conducted into the town in honour-
able procession. On the following day, after a sermon
in the university church, his remains were consigned
to the tomb. Upon his monument in the college
chapel, in place of an epitaph, there is merely in-
scribed—
Vivit post funera virtus.
Fui Caius.
-^tatis suse Lxiij. Obiit xxix Julii, a.d, 1573.
The eminent services rendered by Dr. Caius to the
College of Physicians, and his claim to the respect
1547] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 41
and gratitude of all interested in its honour and
welfare, are thus recorded by Dr. Goodall : " He was
the first inventor of those ensigns of honour by
which the President of the College is distinguished
from the rest of the Fellows ; the account of which
he has thus entered in his Heg-ister : ' Ante hunc
annum nulla, a CoUegio condito, reddita ratio fuib
acceptorum et expensorum, nullave solennis ratio
instituendi aut honorandi Prsesidentem, pulvmari,
caduceo, libro, et sigillo, aut excogitata aut usitata ;
uUave deponendi munus et officium, primusque hos
h on ores et excogitavit Caius et usus est. Neque certe
inanes sunt honores isti. Nam caducseus, sive virga
argentea, regendum significat mitius et clementius,
contra quam solebant olim, qui virga regebant ferrea,
prudenter autem regendum, agendumque doceat ser-
pentes, prudentise indices. Sustineri autem istis
modis Collegium indicant insignia Collegii in summo
posita. Jam vero cognitione Collegium fulciri indicio
est liber, cujus etiam summum occuj)ant eadem in-
signia. Quod autem pulvinar honoris honestamentum
sit, et sigillum fidei signum et firmamentum, nemo est
qui nescit. Vocentur haec virtutis insignia.' He
hath left behind him a book, written with his own
hands, of the College Annals,""* bearing date anno
Domini 1555, and ending anno Domini 1572 ; which
book was the first that was ever wrote of their affairs,
and is managed with that excellent method, clearness
of style, and fulness of matter, that all the memorable
transactions of the College are there to be found
entered in their due time and order. I cannot, there-
fore but heartily wish, that he may ever continue an
exemplar to all succeeding Registers of this royal
foundation. He was so eminent a defender of the
College rights and privileges, that there happening,
in the reign of Queen Elizabeth, to arise a difference
betwixt the physicians and surgeons, whether the
.* For an account of the Annals, see Appendix.
42 ROLL OF THE [l547
surgeon might give inward remedies in the sciatica,
French pox, or any kind of ulcer or wound, &c.. Dr.
Caius was summoned (as President of the College) to
appear before the Lord Mayor and others of the
Queen's delegates, before whom he so learnedly de-
fended the College rights and the illegality of the
surgeons' practice in the forementioned cases, against
the bishop of London, master of the rolls, &c. (who
brought many arguments in behalf of the surgeons),
that it was unanimously agreed by the Queen's Com-
missioners, that it was unlawful for them to practise
in the forementioned cases. He was so religious in
observing the statutes of the College that, tliough old,
he durst not absent himself from the College's comitia
without a dispensation which he hath entered after
the following manner, in the conclusion of his Annals :
' Decimo quinto Novembris, an. Dom. 1572. Visum
est Praesidenti et ca3teris Electoribus praesentibus
omnibus in his Comitiis, concedere Joanni Caio Doc-
tori propter senium, et alia Collegii negotia perfuncta
laboriosius per anteacta tempora, liceat abesse a
Comitiis et convocationibus omnibus praeterquam
ordinariis quae celebrant ur in fine trimestris cuj usque
spatii, si in urbe fuerit et per valetudinem liceai, et
eis in quibus gravia Collegii tractantur negotia.'"
No sketch of Dr. Caius would be complete without
a particular mention of his munificent foundation at
Cambridge. On the 4th September, 1557, he ob-
tained the letters patent of Philip and Mary, by which
Gonville hall was refounded as Gonville and Caius
college, he being declared a co-founder with Edmund
Gonville and William Bateman, bishop of Norwich. The
new foundation was to consist of a master and twelve
fellows ; ten of the latter are named in the charter, and
Dr. Caius was empowered to nominate the other two, as
also twelve scholars. He was also authorised to frame
statutes, and to grant lands not exceeding a stipulated
value. He subsequently endowed the college with the
manors of Croxley, Hertfordshire, the manors of Euncton
1547] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PIIYSICIAXS. 43
and Holme, Norfolk, and the advowsons of Runcton,
Holme, and Wallington, in that county ; also the
manor of Bincombe, with the advowson, and Woo-
bourn, in the county of Dorset. He enlarged the
site of the college, and built an additional court, as
also the three singular gates respectively inscril)ed to
Humility, to Virtue and Wisdom, and to Honour. He
also gave plate, money, books, and other things, and
framed an elaborate code of statutes for the govern-
ment of the society. He was incorporated M.D. in
1558, and on the 24th January, 1558-9, was prevailed
upon, though not without reluctance, to accept the
office of master of the college, then vacant ; but,
whilst he held that position, he declined to receive
the stiuend and emoluments.
One incident of a painful cha^racter which occurred
at Caius College, only a short time before Dr. Caius's
death, must not be passed by unnoticed. He re-
tamed in his college certain books and vestments,
which had been used in the Koman Catholic ser-
vice. This came to the knowledge of Dr. Sandys,
bishop of London, who wrote on the subject to Dr.
Byng, the vice-chancellor of the university, whose
proceedings appear in his report to Lord Burghley,
the chancellor, dated 14th December, 1572: "I am
further to give your honor advertisement of a greate
oversight of D. Caius, who hath so long kept super-
stitious monumentes in his college, that the evill
fame thereof caused my lord of London to write very
earnestly unto me, to see them abolished. I coufd
hardly have been persuadid that suche thinges by him
had been reservid. But, causing his owne company to
make searche in that college, I received an inventory
of muche popishe trumpery — as vestmentes, albes,
tunicles, stoles, manicles, corporas clothes, with the pix
and sindon and canopie, beside holy water stoppes
with sprinkles, pax, sensars, superaltaries, tables of
idoUes, mass bookes, portuises, and grailles, with other
suche stufFe, as might have furnished divers massers at
44 ROLL OF THE [1547
one instant. It was thought good, by the whole con-
sent of the heades of howses, to burne the books,
and such other thinges as served most for idolatraous
abuses, and to cause the rest to be defacid ; whiche was
accomplished yesterday, Avith the wilUng hartes as
appeared of the whole company of that howse." Dr.
Caius's own account of this scandalous outbreak of
fanaticism is subjoined. "An. 1572, 13th Decemb.
Discerpta, dissecta, et lacerata prius, combusta sunt
omnia ornamenta Collegii hujus, privata authoritate
Tho. Bynge Procan. (ut ipse dicebat) nee seque invisum
erat illi quicquam, quam nomen et imago Christi
crucifixi, B. Marige et S. Trinitatis, nam has indignis
niodis tractavit dissecando, et in ignem projiciendo,
et abominandi titulis et epithetis prosequendo. Nee
hoc factum est, nisi instigantibus quibusdam male
affectis sociis, quorum a.lii rem procuraverunt convivio,
alii, ne conserventur, aut noctu sustollantur, pervigiles
extitejnint. Sed ex his alios Deus morte sustulit, alios
aliis rnodis subdnxit, non sine ignominia. Ut celarent
tamen culpam suam, dissimularunt sedulo, et omnem
culpam in Dimsdallum quendam Pensionarium Collegii
nostri transtulerunt, cum tamen ipsi omnis male
authores extiterunt. Ad hoc protuerunt foco, ut
multum defatigate comburendo, ab hora 12 ad tertiam,
idem Tho. Bynge, Joan. Whitgift Prsefectus Coll. Trin.
et Gul. (Bog.) Goade Prsefectus Coll. Begalis. Pos-
tremo, quse combuere nequiverunt, malleis contuderunt
et violarunt, et tantus erat illis fervor in religionem, ut
nee beneficia' personarum, nee gratia in Academiam,
sedificio et aeditis libris suadere potuit moderationem.""^^
Dr. Caius resigned the mastership of his college in
favour of Thomas Legge, A.M., 27th June, 1573.
From his countrymen in general, and from the
medical profession in particular, Dr. Caius has another
and lasting claun to respect, in the fact that he was
the first to introduce the study of practical anatomy
* AtlienEe Cantab., vol. i, pp. 313, 314.
1547] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIAXS. 45
into this country, and the first publicly to teach it,
which he did in the hall of the Barber Surgeons, shortly
after his return from Italy : an honour originally (1
believe) claimed for him bv Sir Georcre Baker, Bart.,
M.D., in his Harv^eian Oration for 1761, and established
on very satisfactory evidence in the " Commentarius de
Joanne Caio, anatomise conditore apud nostrates,"
published by Sir George, as an Appendix to the
Oration.
The intellectual acquirements of Dr. Caius were in a
marked degree those which characterised the period
during which he flourished. Like his distinguished
predecessor Linacre, whose character he held in the
highest esteem, and upon whose example he has been
thought to have modelled himself, Dr. Caius was a pro-
found classical scholar, and devoted much of his time
to the study of the best Greek medical authors. His
writings, which were very numerous, establish his claim
to the reputation of a linguist, a critic, a physician, a
naturalist, and an antiquary."" His accurate knowledge
of the Greek and Latin languages, and his critical
abiUties, are amply evinced by his translations, anno-
tations, and the multitude of books, of which he gave
corrected editions. His earliest hterary effort was the
translation of certain devotional works from the Greek,
and he next employed himself in annotating the post-
humous Latin works of his friend Frammingham.
These, with the works themselves, were lost during
Caius's absence in Italy. While there he wrote com-
mentaries upon Galen's treatises, " de Administra-
tionibus Anatomicis " and " de Motu Musculorum,"
which, with a corrected edition of the originals, and
other works of the same author, he printed at Basil,
in 1544. The correction and elucidation of the works
of this great physician seemed to be an object, of all
others, the most interesting to him. To this end,
* The Life of Caius, by Aikin, is the most complete I have met
with. To it 1 have been much indebted, and in what follows I have
done little moi'e than condense his narrative.
46 ROLL OF THE [1547
Cains employed incredible labour, in collating MSS.
and comparing parallel passages ; and his industry and
sagacity were attended with such success, that he not
only gave much more correct editions of many of Galen's
works than had before appeared, but recovered some
that had been long in obscurity and neglect. He like-
wise restored the Hippocratic treatise, " de Anatomia,"
the substance of which had been concealed under
another title ; and that " de Medicamentis," never before
printed. That a profound and critical knowledge of
Greek was requisite in the execution of these attempts
is obvious, and it is probable that no scholar in Europe
was at that time superior, or perhaps equal, to him in
this respect. To the Latin medical writers he also
devoted much attention. Celsus was the companion of
his tour through Italy, and, by a collation of several
printed copies with the MSS. at Florence and Urbino,
he was enabled to make large emendations, not only of
that author, but also of Scribonius Largus. These he
enriched with annotations ; but it does not appear that
they were ever committed to the press.
Another subject for which Caius was w^ell qualified
gave occasion to his latest critical performance. This
was the genuine pronunciation of the Greek and
Latin languages. It is certainly extraordinary, • that
so soon after the revival of letters in this kingdom, we
should have departed in our pronunciation of the
learned languages, from those who were our masters
in them. With regard to Latin we stand alone, and
in opposition to every other European nation, in our
manner of pronouncing the vowels. Caius, by a long
continuance abroad, and connection with foreign lite-
rati, was led to prefer their method. As to Greek, he
wished to have it pronounced after the manner of the
modern Greeks, and not ac-cording to that introduced
by Sir John Cheke. His treatise on this subject was
not printed till the year after his death, and was
reprinted with some other of his minor works by Dr.
Jebb in 1729.
1547] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 47
Caius's intimate acqaaintance with the works of
Galen supplied him with all the medical knowledge
of the sixteenth century, which, it is well known, was
circumscribed within the limits of that physician's
voluminous writings. For him Gains entertained the
profoundest esteem and veneration, and from a person
thus prepossessed in favour of a particular master we
are not, perhaps, to expect many new observations or
discoveries in his profession. His works in medicine
will, upon the whole, confirm this remark. His anno-
tations on the Greek and Latin medical classics, are
understood to have been almost exclusively philo-
logical ; and his own treatise, " de Medendi Me-
thodo," a general system of the practice of physic,
drawn up during his abode in Italy, is confessedly
formed upon the principles of Galen, and of his own
teacher, Montanus. He claims the merit of arrang-
ing, selecting, and clothing in more correct language
the ideas of his preceptor ; but he also asserts that some
things in the work are entirely his own — " nam ut
plura Galeno quam e Montano accepta sunt, ita quse-
dam ex nostra officina (ut de me modestius loquar)
certe promanarunt." His account of the sweating
sickness, or, as he named it, the Ephemera Britan-
nica, is however indisputably original. He had wit-
nessed the disease in 1551, and carefully studied it;
and his treatise concerning it, in English, though hastily
drawn up, will bear comparison with the best medical
writings of the sixteenth century. " Although," says
Hecker,'"^ " judged according to a modern standard, it
is far from being satisfactory, yet it contains an abund-
ance of valuable matter, and proves its author to be a
good observer."
As a naturalist, Gains appears in a very respect-
able light. In the accuracy, extent, and originality
of his information, in several departments of natural
history, he had no equal among his cotemporaries
* " Epidemics of the Middle Ages." Sydenham Soe., 8vo. Lon-
don, 1844, p. .302.
43 ROLL or THE [1547
in this country, and but few superiors on the con-
tinent. He was a correspondent and intimate friend
of Gesner, who, in the preface to his " Icones Ani-
rnaUum," styles him a man of consummate erudition,
judgment, fidelity, and diligence ; and in an epistle
to Queen Elizabeth bestows upon him the epithet
of " the most learned physician of his age." For
Gesner's use, he drew up short histories of certain
rare animals and plants, which were transmitted
at different times, and inserted in the great natu-
ralist's works. At his request, Caius composed a
treatise on British dogs, which Gesner's death in
1565 prevented him from using. It was improved,
enlarged, and published by Caius himself, in 1570.
The method adopted in this work seemed so judi-
cious to Mr. Pennant, that he inserted it entire in his
" British Zoology ; " and, according to this respectable
authority, all of our physician's descriptions of animals,
are proofs of his great knowledge in this branch of
natural history.
Caius, at an early period, evinced a propensit}' for
antiquarian studies. About the time he left Cambridge,
he projected a history of his native city, Norwich, but
was prevented by other occupations from executing his
design. This taste he resumed in after life. The
occasion was as follows : — Queen Elizabeth paid a visit
to Cambridge in 1564, when the public orator, in a
speech before her Majesty, extolled the antiquity of
that university, to the prejudice of that of Oxford.
This incited Thomas Key, a fellow of All Souls' College,
Oxford, to vindicate the honour of the seminary to
which he belonged in a publication, wherein he asserted
that it was founded by some Greek philosophers, com-
panions of Brutus, and was restored by Alfred about
the year 870. This was too great a triumph to be
borne by the Cantabrigians ; and accordingly Dr. Caius,
at the instigation of Archbishop Parker, steps forth,
and in a learned dissertation, to which he affixed the
signature of " Londinensis," asserted the antiquity of
1550] 110 YAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 49
his own university, and called in qviestion that of
Oxford. With all the forms of antiquarian certainty
and precision, he establishes its foundation by one
Cantaber, 394 years before Christ, and in the year of
the World 4300 and odd. Thus, after defeating the
Oxford claim from the companions of Brutus, yet
allowing them an origin as far back as Alfred, he gains
a priority of time to Cambridge of 1267 years! This
was first printed in 1568, and re-published in 1574,
with the addition of a History of the University of
Cambridge in two parts ; one giving an account of its
origin, ancient state, and the foundation of the several
colleges ; the other containing a complete description
of it, as it existed in his own time. Another of his
antiquarian works, " De Antiquis Britannige Urbibus,"
was left in MS, at his death, and is now apparently
lost.
There are three portraits of this distinguished phy-
sician at Caius College, Cambridge, but not one in the
College of Physicians. One, on panel, is dated 1563 ;
another, a profile, supposed to represent him in his
forty-third year ; and the third is believed to have been
taken about 1719, from his corpse, when casually
exposed to view during the execution of repairs in the
College Chapel. For a complete list of Dr. Caius's pub-
lished and unpublished r/orks, I must refer to Cooper's
Athense Cantab, vol. i, p. 315, et seq.
Thomas Huys, M.D., was a doctor of medicine, of
Merton College, Oxford, of February, 1548, and was
admitted a Fellow of the College of Physicians 25th
June, 1550. In 1551 he was appointed ConsiUarius,
and the same day (postridie divi Thomse Ap.) an Elect,
in place of Dr. Clement, then at Louv^aine, as the
Annals say, " religionis gratia." He was continued
Consiliarius, and also made Censor the three following
years, when his name, except as an Elect, disappears
from the list of officers. His death is thus recorded :
" 5 Augusti, 1558, Thomas Huys, regius medicus et
VOL. I. K
50 ROLL OF THE [1551
Elector, vir doctus et singularis hamanitatis, morie-
batiir liora sexta a prandio, et sepultus est apud S.
Albanum Londini, octavo ejusdem mensis."
Thomas Wendy, M.D., was educated at Gonville
Hall, Cambridge. Having taken his degree of M.D.
abroad, he was incorporated thereon at Cambridge,
in 1527. He obtained the appoiiitment of physician
to Henry VIII., who, in 1541, granted him the manor
and rectory of Haslingfield, Cambridgeshire, part of
the possessions of the dissolved monastery of St. Mary
at York. He attested the will of that monarch, to-
gether with Dr. George Owen and Dr. Thomas Huicke.
They each received a legacy of one hundred pounds.
He was appointed physician to Edward VI. 13th
March, 1546-7, with an annuity of one hundred pounds,
and also acted in the same capacity under the queens
Mary and Elizabeth. Dr. Wendy was one of the
attesting witnesses to Queen Mary's will. On 11th
November, 1548, he was appointed one of the commis-
sioners to visit Cambridge and Eton. He was admitted
a Fellow of the College of Physicians 22nd December,
1551. " Undecirao calend. Januarias, hoc est postridie
divi Thomse Apostoli, plenis sufPragiis admissus est in
collegium Thomas Wende, doctor Cantabrigiensis, vir
egregius atque doctus." He became an Elect in 1552.
His death, which happened in 1560, is thus recorded
in the Annals : " Thomas Wendeus regius medicus, ex
collegio Gonevilli et Caii in universitate Cantabrigise
doctor, setate, doctrina, gravitate, et pradentia insignis,
anno setatis suae sexagesimo prime, mortem obiit Londini
xj. Maii, hor4 secunda matutina, anno Domini 1560, et
sepultus est Haselyngfeldi (prope Cantabrigiam) oppidi
eodem mense." He was buried with heraldic attend-
ance in the church of Hashngfield on the 27th.''''' To his
memory was erected in that chiu^ch an altar-tomb,
bearing this inscription :
* Cooper's Achenae Cantab., vol. i, p. 205.
1552] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 51
" Here lieth
Thomas Wendye, Doctor in Phesicke,
and was buried the xxvij. daye of Maye, 1560."
Alban Hyll, M.D., a native of Wales, was educated
first at Oxford, and secondly at Bologna, where he
applied himself to the study of physic, and took his
degree of doctor of medicine. He was admitted a
Fellow of the College of Physicians 23rd March, 1552,
was Censor, 1555, 1556, 1557, 1558; Consiliarius,
1555, and Elect, 1558. Wood tells us that "he be-
came famous in London, not only for the theoretic, but
for the practical part of physic, and that he was much
beloved and admired by Dr. John Fryer and Dr. John
Caius." Bassianus Landus, of Placentia, styles him
" Medicus nobilissimus atque optimus et in omni lite-
rarum genera maxime versatus," and Wood tells us
"that he wrote several things on Galen, which are
printed and by others cited."""" Dr. Hyll died 22nd
December, 1559 (not, as Wood says, 26th December),
and was buried in St. Alban's, Wood-street, Cheapside,
near to his friend and colleague Dr. Wotton. Dr. Caius
records his death thus: "22 Dec. 1559, horA, post
meridiem quarta, bonus atque doctus vir, Albanus
Hyllus ex Electoribus unus, obiit mortem, sepultusque
est apud S. Albanum Londini, 26 ejusdem mensis."
Christopher Langton, M.D., probably a native of
Yorkshire, was educated at Eton, and elected thence
in 1538 to King's College, Cambridge, where he pro-
ceeded A.B. 1542-3. He stands in our Annals as a
doctor of medicine of Cambridge, and was admitted a
Fellow, 30th Sej)tember, 1552; but on the 17th July,
1558, in the presidency of Dr. J. Caius, was expelled,
and, as the following extract from the Annals shows,
on ample professional and moral grounds. " 1558,
xvii. Julii. Christopher Langton exclusus est coUegio
ob temeritatem, levitatem, et stultam content ionem
suam cum collegis in visitationibus aegrotantium, prse-
* Athenag Oxon., toI. i, p. 99.
E 2
52 ROLL or THE [1558
sentibus arbitris, contra statuta collegii, etiam ter
culpre admonitus : obque van am gloriam et superbiani
quibus passim utitur, et se ridiculum praebet omnibns,
contra honorem collegii : et qiiasdem incontinentiEe
notas, quas omitto." His moral character, says Mr.
Cooper,* must have been very bad, as on 16th June,
1563, he was, for his incontinency, carted through
London in ridiculous attire. He died in 1578, and was
buried in the church of St. Botolph, Bishopsgate,
London. He was the author of —
A very brefe treatise ordrely declaring the principal partes of
physick, that is to say: — Thynges natural!, Thynges not natural!.
Thynges against nature. Lond., 8vo, 1547.
An introduction into physicl^e, with an universal dyet. Lond.,
8vo, 1547.
Treatise of Urines, of all the colours thereof, with the medicines.
Lond., 8vo, 1552.
RiCHA-KD Master, M.D., a younger son of Robert
Master, of Streetend in Willesborough, Kent, was
educated at Oxford, and became a fellow of All Souls'
College. About the year 1539 he accepted a benefice
in the Church of Eno^land, but soon afterwards re-
signed to the patron, because he was not well qualified
for the function of a good clergyman, and from his want
of sufficient acquaintance with the word of God and of
the duties connected therewith, and also because
popery, however it was abolished in name, stiU
flourished here in reality. He then apphed himself
to the study of physic, and proceeded M.B. at Oxford
in June, 1545. About 1549 he was seized with a
fever, which confined him to his bed for more than
eighteen months. He was carried in a litter into Kent
for a change of air and scene. Whilst there he had a
quartan ague of three months' continuance. He pro-
ceeded M.D. at Oxford 9th Mav, 1554. Admitted a
Fellow of the College of Physicians, I7th March, 1553 ;
he was Censor in 1556, 1557, 1558, 1560 ; Elect in
* A.thense Cantab., vol. i, p. 397.
1553] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 53
1558; Consiliarius, 1564, 1583; and President 1561.
On the 26th June, 1559, he was constituted physician
to Queen Ehzabeth, with the yearly fee of £100,
besides bouche of Court and all other advantages.
Wood"' tells us that "on 14th March, 1562, he was in-
stalled prebendary of Fridaythorpe, in the church of
York, being about that time physician of the chamber
to Queen Elizabeth." He was incorporated at Cam-
bridge on his doctor's degree in 1571 ; and, according
to Mr. Cooper,t died about the close of 1587, in the
enjoyment of a high reputation for professional skill.
Henry Stansby, M.D. — A fellow of Jesus College,
Cambridge, in or soon after 1530, was subsequently
fellow of Michaelhouse, and proceeded M.D. at Cam-
bridge in 1540, having no doubt previously graduated
in arts. On the dissolution of that college, he obtained
an annual pension of five pounds. He was admitted a
Fellow of the College of Physicians 21st December,
1553.|
John Howell, M.D. — On the 21st December, 1553,
being then a bachelor of medicine, he was admitted a
Fellow of the College of Physicians, on the under-
standing that he should within a given period take his
degree of doctor. He neglected to do this, and was
excluded the College on the 7th January, 1555. On
the 22nd July following he proceeded M.D. at Oxford,
as a member of All Souls' College ; and on the 29th
January, 1556-7, upon his humble petition to that
efPect, was reinstated in his former position as a Fellow.
Dr. Howell died 3rd March, 1559, and was buried at
St. Alphege by Cripplegate two days later.
C^SAR A Dalmariis, M.D., was a native of Tre-
vigni, in Italy, the second son of Peter Maria a
Dalmariis, of that city, doctor of laws, but descended
* Fasti Oxon., vol. i, p. 710. f Atliena; Cantab., vol. ii, p. 20.
X Cooper's Athena3 Cantab., vol. i, p. 545.
54 ROLL OF THE [1555
from those of his name hving at Fuejus, or Cividad del
Fruili, on the confines of Italy. He was a doctor of
medicine of Padua, and settled in England in 1550,
and was pliysician to the Queens Mary and Elizabeth.
He was admitted a Fellow of the College of Physicians
27th April, 1554 ; and was chosen Censor 11th October,
1555, in place of Dr. Edward Wotton. On the 21st
May, 1561, he purchased of the son of Balthasar
Guersie, M.D., to be mentioned hereafter, an estate
which had been granted to him by letters patent of the
21st April, 1539, therein described as "the neat house
and gardens late part of the dissolved priory of St.
Helens, and situated within the close of the said
priory." There Dr. Caesar fixed his abode, and dying
in 1569 was buried in the chancel of the church of
St. Helen's, Bishopsgate. Among the Sloane MSS, in
the British Museum is a volume of recipes inscribed
" Ex Manuscriptis D. D™ Csesar excerpta/' 1683, con-
sisting of two hundred and forty pages, which Sir Hans
Sloane had thought of sufficient interest and importance
to be himself at the pains of transcribing. Dr. Caesar's
son, Julius Caesar, doctor of canon law, was afterwards
master of requests, judge of the admiralty in the reign
of Elizabeth, chancellor and under-treasurer of the
exchequer, master of the rolls, and privy councillor to
James I and Charles I.^'
Hector Nones, M.B., is described in the Annals as
a Spaniard and a bachelor of medicine, but of what
university is not recorded. He was admitted a Fellow
of the College 5th July, 1554; and was Censor 1562
and 1563. On the last day of February, 1587-8, he
was exempted from attendance at the comitia ; and in
the list of the College for 1589 has "peregrinus"
against his name. In the Annals he is generally called
Dr. Hector.
John Symings, M.D., was educated at Oxford, but
* Wood's Fasti, vol. i, p. 738 and 753.
1556] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 55
ill which college or hall, Wood says, he could not dis-
cover. He graduated at Bologna ; and on 1 4th July,
1554, was admitted to, or incorporated on, the same
degree at Oxford. He was admitted a Fellow of the
College of Physicians 18th October, 1555 ; was Censor
1556, 1557, 1558, 1559, 1560, 1561, 1564; Elect 20th
November, 1558, in place of Dr. George Owen, deceased ;
Consiliarius, 1562, 1563, 1570; pro-President, 1564;
and President iu 1569 and 1572. He died 7th July,
1588, at his house in Little St. Barthomolew's, Smith-
field, and was buried in the church there.
Martin Corembek, M.D., a doctor of medicine of
Bologna, incorporated at Oxford, was admitted a Fellow
of the College 10th January, 1555-6. He was never
appointed to any college office, and there is reason to
believe that he practised in Norfolk, probably at Nor-
wich. At any rate. Dr. Walker, one of our Fellows,
was summoned to appear before the College, to answer
several things objected against him by Dr. Corembek,
he (Dr. Walker) having examined and admitted some
physicians in Norwich and Norfolk, and extorted above
two hundred marks from several empirics in those parts,
whom he had licensed to practise. Dr. Walker was
fined for not appearing, and letters were written by the
College to Dr. Corembek, to authorise him to cite those
empirics to appear before the College, in order to their
due punishment.*
* 1570, Mail ii. Decretum est, ut Dr. Walker, in Collegium accer-
seretur, ad respondendum iis, qn?e illi objicerentur, de examinatione
et admissione medicorum Norvici et in Norfolcia ; sed recusavit
venire, admonitus per bedellum. (Annales, i. p. 51.)
1570, Junii xxvj. Martinus Corimbecke affirmavit, D. Georgium
Walker sibi corrasisse ex empiricis ultra ducentas marcas argenti,
et hoc se probaturum coram in Collegio post festum S. Michaelis
pollicetur. (p. 62.)
1570, X. calend. Januarii. Decretum est, ut Georgius Walker, Dr.,
unus ex Collegis, afficiatur poena quadraginta solidorum, quod accer-
situs a D. Syminges prsesidente auno superiori, et a nobis postea hoc
anno per bedellum, ad Collegium venire recusavit, accusatus repe-
tundarum et pecuniae extortse ab indoctis quibusdam empiricis.
56 noLL OF THE - [1556
Peter Daquet, M.D., ^Yas a doctor of medicine of
Bologna, incorporated at Oxford. He was admitted a
Fellow of the College iTtli January, 1555-6, and was
Censor in 1562 and 1563.
Ralph Standish, M.D., of St. Nicholas hostel,
Cambridge, A.B. 1542, A.M. 1547 ; appears to have
been one of the registrars of the court of chancery
1549, served the office of proctor of the university of
Cambridge 1551-2, and commenced M.D. 1553. On
the 5th November, 1556, he w^as licensed by the College
of Physicians to practice for one year only, in virtue of
a bye-law which had been passed the previous year.*
In the May following (1557) Dr. Standish accompanied
Nepeja, the Czar's ambassador to King Edward VI, on
his return to Russia, where he was most graciously
received. He dined several times with the Czar, and
received from him presents of sables, seventy roubles in
money, and a horse to ride about the town.t He
probably remained some years in Russia.
Thomas Vavasour, M.D., was a pensioner of
St. John's College, Cambridge, and proceeded A.B.
1536-7. He afterwards migrated to some other col-
lege, and probably took further degrees at Cambridge,
although the same are not recorded. He was one of
the disputants before the visitors of the university
25th June, 1549, on that occasion maintaining tran-
substantiation, and the sacrificial character of the mass.
quibus medicmam factitandi facultatem concessit. Literte eodem
tempore commuiii concensu scriptce sunt ad 1). Martinum Corinbec,
qui snpradicto D. Walker hoc crimen objiciebat, authoritasq. illi
concessa est, ut prgedictos empiricos indoctos curaret ad Collegium
transmittendos, quo pro meritis supplicio afl&ciantur. (p. 53.)
* Anno 1556. Anno snperiori decretum fuit, ut si quos doctrina
et probitas commendarent, facultate quidem donentur exercendi
medicinam ad certos annos, etsi ad annos quatuor non exercuerint
medicinam ex statute.
t British and Foreien Medico- Chirurgical Review, No. Ix, Oct.,
1862, p. 290.
1556] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 57
He took the degree of doctor of medicine at Venice,
and on the 20th November, 1556, received a licence
from the College of Physicians, to practise that faculty
for two years. He was complained of for harbouring
Campion the Jesuit, 1572. Grindal, archbishop of
York, writing to Lord Burghley, 13th November,
1574, refers to Dr. Vavasour, who, he says, was an old
acquamtance of his lordship, and had been tolerated in
his own house at York, almost three-quarters of a year,
till the archbishop and the lord president of the North
committed him to a solitary prison in the queen's castle
of Hull. The archbishop says, that the doctor was the
same man he had been, especially in his younger years,
sophistical, disdainful, and. eluding argument with
scoffing, when he was not able to solve the same with
learning.^''
Giles Wale, M.B., a native of Somersetshire, and a
bachelor of medicine of Oxford of 13th March, 1555,
was on the 11th December, 1556, admitted a Fellow of
the College of Physicians, He died, as we learn from
the Annals, on the 26th October, 1558, "apud S. Wyl-
fred, in A verb in."
Balthasar Guersie, M.D., an Italian, who had been
surgeon to Queen Katharine of Arragon, and was
naturalised 16th March, 1521-2, took the degree of
bachelor of medicine at Cambridge about 1530. He
was also surgeon to Henry VIII., and in 1543 was
engaged in collecting accusations against archbishop
Cranmer. He was, by special grace, admitted M.D.
at Cambridge in 1546. He was excepted out of the
act of general pardon 7 Edward VI., being therein
described as " Balthaser Guarsy, surgenn." He was
admitted a Fellow of the College of Physicians 22nd
December, 1556, but died soon afterwards, and w^as
buried 10th January, 1557-8.t
* Cooper's Athense Cantabi-igienses, vol. i, p. 327.
t Cooper's Athenae Cantab, vol. i, p. 173.
o8 ROLL OF THE [1559
George Coldwell. — The following is the only
entry in our Annals concerning him : " 1557, Jan.
29th. Georgius Coldwell, Northamptoniensis, exami-
natus et approbatus est, priiis in universitate Canta-
brigise, gi'atia sen dispensatione admissus ad praxin,
nullo gradu insignitus, probus tamen atque doctus."
From the Athenae Cantab, (vol. ii, p. 209) we learn,
that he had in 1542 a grace to be M.B., conditionally
on his being examined and approved of, by the doctors
in that faculty. The grace states, that he had studied
physic nine years, and practised in London and else-
where. It seems that he subsequently settled at
Northampton, and was residing there in 1596.
James Good, M.D., was born at Dimock, in Glou-
cestershire, and educated at New College, Oxford,
where he proceeded doctor of medicine, 2Gth June, 1560.
He was, while yet only a bachelor of medicine, admitted
a Fellow of the College of Physicians, viz., 13th March,
1559. He was elected Censor and Elect the same day,
14th October, 1560, and was Consiliarius, 1564, 1569,
1570, 1571, 1572. "He was imprisoned," says Wood^
" in 1573 for holding secret correspondence by letters,
with Mary, Queen of Scots." Dr. Good married Joan,
daughter of Edward Glinton, Alderman of Oxford. He
died in 1581, aged 54, and was buried at West Drayton.
His portrait was extant in 1805 ;'" and then in the
possession of Mr. John Simcoe, of Warwick Street.
William Leverett was an Extra Licentiate, and
the first of that grade admitted by the College, or
rather, by the Elects. He is thus described in the
Annals: "1559, Aprilis 17. WilP Leverett, Lincol-
niensis, ex Grantham oriundus, vir probus et doctus,
examinatus, approbatus, et facultate donatus exercendi
medicinam, per quae loca solebat, ante admissionem
* Gent. Mag., vol. Ixxv, part ii, p. 625.
1559] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 59
suam." He practised at Newark, in Nottinghamshire,
and was buried in the church of that town, wliere he is
thus commemorated :
Anuo Domini 1579, Maii 17, get. suae 68.
Here lyetli buried the body of
WilUam Leveret, Physician,
thrice Alderman of this town,
who increased, by the good help of the
Right Honourable Henry Earl of Rutland his lord and patron,
the Corporation of the same town.
He was of godly life,
zealous in God's religion,
and a benefactor to the poor,
whose soul resteth with Christ Jesus in heaven.
KoBERT Dalton, another Extra Licentiate, admitted
3rd December, 1559, " vir gravis, spectabilis, et doctus,
facultatem habuit (3 Dec. 1559) exercendi medicinam,
in patri^ sua, hsec est dioecesi Dunelmensi."
EiCHARD Caldwell, M.D. — This worthy benefactor
of the College was born in Staffordshire, about the year
1513. He was educated at Brasenose College, Oxford,
of which house he was afterwards a fellow. He took
the degree of A.B. 20th July, 1533 ; A.M. 12th March,
1538 ; entered on the study of physic, and in the thirty-
second year of his age became one of the senior students
of Christchurch, a little after its last foundation by
Henry VIII. He took the degree of doctor of medicine
9th May, 1554, and was examined, approved, and ad-
mitted a Fellow of the College of Physicians on one and
the same day, viz., 22nd December, 1559. The Annals,
under this date, speak of him as follows : " Qui Pdchardus
Caldwell propter doctrinam, gravitatem, et probitatem,
eodem die, et iisdem comitiis examinatus, approbatus,
et in Collegium cooptatus est." He was appointed
Censor the very day of his admission mto the College,
and again in 1560, 1561, 1564; Elect, 27th January,
1560; Consiliarius, 1562, 1563, 1569; and President
in 1570, "His affections," says Dr. Goodall, "were
GO ROLL OF THE [l559
such to the College, that he, with the Lord Lumley, in
the twenty-fourth year of Queen Elizabeth's reign, pro-
cured Her Majesty's leave, under the broad seal, to
found a surgery lecture in the College, and to endow
it wdth forty pounds per annum, which is laid as
a rent-charge, upon the lands of Lord Lumley and
Dr. Caldwell, and their heirs for ever. The words of
the letters run thus : ' Solvend. eidem Prsesidenti, et
CoUegio seu Communitati, et successoribus suis annu-
atim, a,d usum lectoris artis seu scientise chirurgise,
infra do mum sive Collegium Medicorum Londin. in
perpetuum alend. et manutenend. juxta ordinationes
et statuta, dicti Joannis domini Lumley et Richardi
Caldwell, in medicina doctoris, fact. &c.' 'J'his gene-
rous and noble gift of Dr. Caldwell's and the Lord
Lumley's w^as so highly resented by the College,
that immediately letters were drawn up and pre-
sented to both of them by the President, Dr. Gifford,
wherein they did not only acknowledge their great
obligations due for this so honourable and generous
a donation, most thankfully by them accepted, but as
a testimony thereof did immediately decree that one
hundred pounds should be forthwith taken out of their
public stock, to build the College rooms more ample
and spacious, for the better celebration of this most
solemn lecture.'
On the 15th November, 1572, Dr. Caldwell by a
vote of the College was excused from attendance at
the comitia. He died in 1584, and was buried in
St. Benet's Church, by St. Paul's Wharf. C;imden, in
his " Annals of the lieign of Queen Elizabeth," gives
the following sketch of this worthy man : " Hoc anno
fato functus R. Caldwallus, e collegio ^nei Nasi, Oxon.
medicinse doctor, qui, ut de repub. bene mereretur,
(adscito in partem honoris Barone Lumleio) lectionem
chirurgicam, honesto salario, in Medicorum Collegio
Londini a Thoma Linacro fundato, instituit. Jux-
taque ad S. Benedict, inhumatur, monumento laqueis,
plintheis, et carchesiis, scanjno Hippocratis glosso-
15G0| ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. Gl
comiis, et aliis chiriirgicis, et Oribasio et Galeno
machinamentis exornato." ''"
Wood tells us, that lie wrote several pieces on sub-
jects relating to his profession, but does not specify
what they were. He mentions, however, a work
written bv Horatio More, a Florenthie physician, en-
titled " The Tables of Surgery, briefly comprehending
the whole art and practice thereof," which Dr. Cald-
well translated into English, and published in London
in 1585.
Thomas Francis, M.D., a native of Chester, edu-
cated at Christ Church, Oxford. " After he had taken
the degree of M.A. (says Wood) he applied his studies
to the theological faculty, but the encouragement
thereof being in these days but little, he transferred
himself to the school of physicians, and, with the con-
sent and approbation of l)r. Wryght, the vice-chan-
cellor, was entered on the physic line 4th August,
1550. In the year after I find him supplying the
place and office of the King's professor of physick, being,
I presume, only deputy of Dr. John Warner." On the
9th March, 1553, he was admitted M.B., and M.D. 9th
May, 1554. He was admitted a Fellow of the College of
Physicians 21st October, 1560, at the comitia specially
convened for that purpose. He is termed in the
Annals " Vir probus atque doctus, et eadem universitate
(Oxon.) prselector publicus medicinse." He was Censor
in 1561, 1562, 1563, 1564; was provisionally named
Elect 30th September, 1562, in place of Dr. John
* " Vir singular! eruditione inclytus, inclytum quoque favoris et
aestimationis Collegarum exemplum, quern unus, idemque dies, cau-
didatum, socium, et censoi'em salutavit dignifesimum. lb illo Praslec-
tiones chivurgicse nobis decretse fuerunt : nee id quidem incommodo
consilio, quippe cum nihil magis medendi artem conferat quam
naturse contemplatio et ejus solertiae in istiusmodi morbis sanandis,
quae sensibus apprime objiciuntur; noluit vir doctissimus ut a
scientia nostra earum rerum coguitio secerneretur a quibus prima ni
originem duxit medicina." Oratio Harveiana habita 18 Oct.,
1722. Auctore Henrico Plumptre, p. 14.
G2 ROLL OF THE [15G0
Clement, a second time gone abroad ; but was definitely
appointed to that office 12tli May, 1564. He was Pre-
sident of the College in 1568, and Consiliarius in 1571.
Wood tells us that he succeeded Hugh Hodson in the
Provostship of Queeu's College in 1561, and that he
was subsequently physician to Queen Elizabeth, and
much respected by her.
John Geynes, M.D., was a doctor of medicine of
Oxford 5th July, 1535, and was admitted a Fellow of
the College of Physicians 15th November, 1560. The
year before his admission as a Fellow, he was cited
before the College for impugning the infallibility of
Galen. On his acknowledgment of error, and humble
recantation, signed with his own hand, he was re-
ceived into the College. This incident, curiously
illustrative of the state of medicine in this country
at that time, although already cited by Sir George
Baker and Dr. Francis Hawkins in their respective
Hnrveian Orations, is so interesting in an historical
point of view, that I append in a foot-note the chief
particulars.'"' The temporary heresy of Dr. Geynes
* 1559, Decembris xxii. Prfficeptum est Joani Genes gratioso
alioqui et non imprudenti viro, ut scripta Collegio exhibeat omnia
ea Galeni loca (intra mensem nnum) quibus eum errasse, et vulgo
et apud doctos ac etiam coram universe Collegio in solennibus
comitiis congregate dicere homiuem non pudebat.
15G0. Anno snperiori, mense Decembris, imperatnm est Joanni
Geynes medico, nt in quibus jDublice dicere solebat, Galenum errasse,
referente venerabili viro Tboma Wendeo, medico Regio, et ipsoetiana
Geyno coram universo Collegio palam affirmante ea proferret. Quod
tamen cum honestis rationibus facere recusaverit, coactus est per
officiarium vicecomitis Londinensis, jubente Pr^esidente, id prsestare,
aut in carcerem deduci, &c. Suas autem partes cum nequibat Geynes
defendere, clareque deprebendebat suam, non Galeni, culpnm fuisse,
honestissime sese dedidit, et errorem agncvit poenitentia ductus, se
vana proposuisse ; diligentius non circumspexisse ; Galeni, loca ex-
quisitius non contulisse ; ejus sensum non indngasse; sententiam
non intellexisse ; verba fideliter non citasse ; reverentia in Galenum
non usum esse, et eum falso accusasse. Quod etiam confirmavit
subscriptione sua in baec verba: "Ego Jobannes Geynes fateor
Galenum in iis, quas proposui contra eum, non eri'asse."
15G1] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 63
was forgotten ns soon as forgiven. He was forthwith
appointed to offices of dignity and trust in the (College,
was Censor in 1561, 1562, 1563, and was named Elect
30th September, 1562, in place of Dr. John Fryer,
" carcere religionis suae causa." Dr. Geynes, as I find
in the Annals, died of the plague on the 23rd July,
1563.
John Warner, M.D., was a native of Middlesex,
educated at All Souls' College, Oxford. Being then
M.A., a fellow of his college, and one of the proctors
of the university, he was, 30th June, 1529, admitted
M.B. and at the same time was licensed to practise by
the university. He proceeded M.D. 5th July, 1535,
and the year following was made warden of All Souls',
being about the same time appointed by Henry VIII
his first professor of physic at Oxford. He ceased to
be warden of All Souls' during the reign of Queen
Mary, but resumed his office as such in November,
1558.'" Dr. Warner was admitted a Fellow of the
College of Physicians 17th October, 1561, and is styled
by Dr. Caius " vir senior, doctus, et probis moribus."
" He was," says Wood, " a learned man of his time, but
published nothing, and was a great intruder into
ecclesiastical benefices and dignities. In 1541, or
thereabouts, he became one of the first prebendaries
of Winchester Cathedral ; in July, 1547 he was made
Archdeacon of Cleveland, and soon afterwards Arch-
deacon of Ely. In 1559, being then prebend of Ulf-
corab, in the church of Sarum, he was made Dean of
Winchester." Dr. Warner died at his house in War-
wick Lane, London, 21st March, 1564, and was buried
in the chancel of the church of Great Stanmore, Middle-
sex. The church has disappeared, and there is now
only one tombstone remaining in the middle of a field
as a record of its existence.
John Luke. — A faculty was granted him by the
* Wood's Attenee Oxon, vol. i, p. 675.
r.4 ROLL OF THE [15G1
College of Physicians, 22nd December, 1561, to treat
diseases of the eye, but he was strictly limited to
the use of external means. " Concessa est facultas
Joanni Luke, oculari medico, ut oculis medeatur, sic
ut externis tantum medicamentis utatur, et non
internis, nt nee clysteribus, nee purgation ibus, nee
syrupis, nee id genas ahis rebus, quae intro in corpus
assumuntur, neque in urbe Londino, neque in subur-
biis, neque per ambitum septem milHariorura, nisi cum
consilio alicujus docti et experientis medici, ex Collegio
accersiti. "
Simon Ludford, M.D. — A curious history is con-
nected with this physician, which affords, as Dr. John-
son in his Life of Linacre justly says, a proof of the
anxiety of the members of the College to fulfil the
intentions of the founder, and to discharge the obli-
gations to which they had bound themselves on their
admission.
The university of Oxford had admitted Simon Lud-
ford, originally a Franciscan friar, and afterwards an
apothecary in London, and David Laughton, a copper-
smith— two ignorant, unlettered, and incompetent per-
sons— to the honours of the baccalaureate in medicine.
The College reproved the university by letter, recom-
mending that the vote which conferred the degrees
should be rescinded, and advising a more cautious
conduct in the future dispensation of them. With the
former the university did not think it fit to comply,
and the College was meditating further proceedings,
when the inquisition of Cardinal Pole, in 1556, for the
reformation of religion and faith, and the correction of
collegiate abuses, enabled them to prosecute their
appeal with more effect. The College immediately laid
their complaints before the visitors, to whom they gave
the following specimen of Laughton's pretensions :
" Cujus infantia cum suggessit, ut quomodo corpus
declinareter, exigeremus, respondit, hie, hcec, et hoc
corpus, accusative corporem," adding " egregius certe
I
15G3J ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 65
ex universitabe, medicus cui humaDa vita committe-
retur." The visitors interdicted the university from a
repetition of this Jicence, and provided that a certain
course of study should be followed by each candidate
previously to his incoi'poration. The coppersmith
appears to have abandoned the further honours of the
profession ; but his colleague, whose pretensions at that
time were not a degree higher, was not to be so easily
diverted from his purpose, and, when he found the
doors of congregation in one university closed against
him, betook himself to Cambridge, with the hope of
prosecuting his claim with better success. Here, how-
ever, a remonstrance from the College awaited him, and
he failed in liis purpose, as he justly deserved to do,
with the following character as his herald : " Illud
scimus, imperitiorem multo, multo indoctiorem esse
hominem, quam ut medici nostri, aut vel infimo in
medicina gradui respondere uUo modo possit. Hiijus
inscitise periciilum fecimusin CcUegio nostro, 17 calend.
Marcii, anno 1553, sessione habita ejus rei gratia. Quo
sane tempore non aliud elucebat prseter csecam audaciam :
nam rei medicinse studium, nee philosophise, nee libe-
ralium scientiarum vel gustus quidem aut levis tinctura,
nee vel puerilis msediocritas in respondendo nobis
hominem commendabant, si quid in nobis est judicium.
Eam ob rem communibus suffraa^iis et concordi omnium
consensu indicatum est, ne admitteretur." This corre-
spondence occupied several months, and occurred during
the presidency of Dr. Caius, of whose zeal it deserves
to be recorded. Notwithstanding all this, Ludford
was afterwards, 26th June, 1560, admitted doctor of
medicine at Oxford, and a Fellow of the College of
Physicians 7th April, 1563. "In Comitiis extraor-
dinariis, ascriptus est in Collegium Simon Ludforde,
Bedfordiensis, medicinse doctor Oxon." This, with
the fact that he was Censor in 1564, 1569, 1572,
would seem to prove that the deficiencies above men-
tioned had been overcome by close and successful
study.
VOL. I. F
66 ROLL or THE [1567
George Walker, M.D., was born in the town of
Cambridge, in 1533, and is believed to have been a son
of Henry Walker, M.D., regius professor of physic in
the university. He was educated at Eton, and elected
thence to King's College, Cambridge, of which he was
admitted scholar 14th August, 1549. He was never
fellow of that college, whence he seems to have
migrated to Corpus Christi College in 1552. He pro-
ceeded A.B., 1553-4 ; A.M., 1557 ; and M.D., 1564.
When Queen Elizabeth visited Cambridge, in August,
1564, Dr. Walker was one of the repliers in the physic
act which was kept before Her Majesty.'" The date of
his admission as a Fellow of the College of Physicians is
not recorded ; but it must have been about the year
1567. He was one of the Elects, but when appointed
is uncertain. He was dead on the 29th November,
1597, when Dr. Thomas Langton was chosen Elect in
his place. I have already mentioned Dr. Walker, when
speaking of Dr. Corembek (p. 55), as having assumed
improper powers in Norfolk, having been summoned
before the College, proving contumacious, and having
in consequence been fined.
Edward Atslowe, M.D., was educated at Win-
chester and New College, Oxford. Being then M.A.
and fellow of his college, he was, on the 22nd August,
1554, actually created doctor of physic, in the house of
Dr. Henry Baylie, situated in the High Street, leading
to the Quadrivium, by Dr. Thomas Francis and him,
the said Dr. Henry Baylie, by virtue of a commission
directed to them by the venerable convocation. He
was one of four (three of whom were doctors of medi-
cine) thus created, because appointed by the Convoca-
tion to dispute before Queen Elizabeth, when she came
to be entertained by the academicians in the beginning
of September of this year.t The date of Dr. Atslowe's
* Athense Cantab., vol. ii, p. 230.
t Wood's Fasti Oxon., vol. i, p. 727.
15G9] ROYAL COLLEGE OF niYSICIANS. 67
admission as a Fellow of the College of Physicians is
not recorded, but it mnst have been at some period
between 1565 and 1569.'"' He was Censor in 1569,
1570, 1571; Elect, 12th November, 1572; and Con-
siharius, 1572, 1583. Dr. Atslowe, who was married
at Stoke Newington, on the 2nd November, 1573, to
Frances Wingfield, was dead 28th May, 1 594, when his
place of Elect was supplied by the election of Dr. Chris-
topher Johnson, another distinguished Wykehamist.
Dr. Atslowe was a zealous Catholic, and warmly,
attached to the cause of the unfortunate Mary Queen
of Scots. He suffered imprisonment for designing
means for her escape ; and in a letter of Tliomas
Morgan to the Queen of Scots we read, '' I hear that
Dr. Atslow was racked twice, almost to death, in the
Tower, about the Earl of Arundell his matters, and
intention to depart England." The Earl, who died in
1595, settled an annuity on the doctors widow.
BiCHAED Smith, M.D. (Oxon.), was a doctor of
medicine of Oxford, and a Fellow of the College of
Physicians, admitted about the same time as Dr.
Atslowe. He was Censor in 1569, 1570, 1571, 1572;
Consiliarius, 1581 ; and, with the exception of the
two years, 1583 and 1588, was annually re-appointed
until 1594. He was also an Elect, but the date of
his appointment I do not discover. He retired into
the country in 1601, as we learn from the following
entry, 3° Aug., 1602: "In istis comitiis, cseteris
omnibus sociis semotis, D. Prsesidens, Dr. Baronsdale,
Dr. Marbeck, Dr. Langton, quatuor nimirum Electi,
eligebant Dr. Atkins pro Electo, in locum D"' Smith,
qui nuper reliquit banc civitatem, et discessit cum
pannis ut loquuntur, et tota familia in alias partes
lad been
ijus regni, et jam abfuit per integrum annum."
Dr. Smith, who was a zealous Catholic, had
* The Annals for 1565, 1566, 1567, and 1568 are M^anting.
Spaces are left vacant for tliem by Cains.
F 2
68 ROLL OF THE [1569
an active opposer of tlie Reformation, and upon that
account was obliged to leave England. He must have
done so prior to the above entry in our Annals ; for we
learn from Dodd'"" that he was already settled at
Douay in July, 1602. There he was visited, on the
23rd of that month, by his nephew and namesake,
Dr. Richard Smith, subsequently the celebrated bishop
of Chalcedon. Our physician did not long survive his
exile, for his reverend nephew, who, during his stay
at Douay, had I'ead lectures on controversy in the
English college, abruptly broke them otf upon his
uncle's death and set out for England 14th January,
1603.
Richard Smith, M.D. (Cantab.) — Another physi-
cian of the same name as the preceding, but educated
at Cambridge. He was born in Gloucestershire, was
admitted a scholar of St. John's College, Cambridge, on
Dr. Key ton's foundation, in 1555, and a fellow on the
Lady Margaret's foundation 1557—8. He proceeded
A.B. 1556 ; AM. 1560 ; M.D. 1567. The date of his
admission as a Fellow of the College of Physicians I
cannot recover. He was Censor 1569, 1570, 1571,
1572 ; Consiliarius, 1581, 1582, 1584. 1589, 1590, 1591 ;
President, 1585, 1586, 1587, and 1588. He was dead
in 1599 ; for, under date 13th July (if that year, I read,
" Dr. Browne, Regineus Medicus, eligitur in Electum,
in locum venerandi viri D"^ Smith, Cantab., Reginei
Medici, nuper defuncti."
Roger Giffard, M.D., was the son of Ralph
Giifard, of Steeple Clay don, co. Bucks, by his wife
Mary, daughter of Sir Eflward Chamberlain, of Wood-
stock, CO. Oxford. As a bachelor of physic of the 23rd
July, 1563, sometime fellow of Mert on College, Oxford,
now or lately fellow of All Souls' College, he was, on
the 30th August, 1566, actually created doctor of that
* Churcli History, vol. ii, p. 155.
1570] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 69
faculty by Drs. Walter and Henry Baylie, by virtue of
a commission directed to them by the venerable con-
vocation. This Dr. GifFard, adds Wood/"" was after-
wards President of the College of Physicians, and physi-
cian to Queen Elizabeth.
When admitted a Fellow of the College does not
appear, but he was Censor, 1570, 1571, 1572; Con-
siliarius 1585, 1586, 1587, 1591 ; President, 1581, 1582,
1583, and 1584. He died of haematemesis 27th January,
1596-7, and was buried in the parish of St. Bride's,
Fleet Street.
[RoDERiGo] Lopus (or Lopez). — The Christian name
of this physician, and the date of his admission as a
Fellow of the College, are not recorded. On 13 th
January, 1569-70, he was selected to read the Ana-
tomy lecture at the College, but declined the duty, and
paid the fine.t As early as 1567 Dr. Lopus was phy-
sician to St. Bartholomew's Hospital, and a resident
officer there; for between 1567 and 1575 there are
various orders in the journals of the hospital for repair-
ing his house and gardens, and to " board his parloure,"
in consideration that he should be " more painful " in liis
care of the poor. He had forty shillings a year, which
with liis house and a certain allowance of " billetts and
* Fasti Oxon, vol. i, p. 727.
t " Eodem die (xiii Januarii, 1569) placuit Collegio viro Lopus
admoneatur ut proxime ordine humanum corpus secet publice in
Collegio ita postulantibus secandi vicibus quod si recusasset prae-
senti pecunia numeraretlibras iiij. Qui per Bedellum insequenti die
admonitus, recusavit.
" Decretum quoque est eodem die ut aBatomia publice adminis-
tretur in Collegio statim post sessiones Judicum proximas ante
Pascha nisi pestis qu.se tunc grassabatur prohiberet et ne tuto eo
tempore conveniremus in causa sit.
" Eodem die constitutum est etiam ut D. Smytlie, Oxoniensis
proximam Anatomiam in Collegio publice administret si D. Lupus
secundo recusaret.
" 1569. XV Marcii decretum est ut ob pestem differatur publica
corporis humani dissectio in aliud tempus constituendum per Pre-
sident : et alios collegas."
70 ROLL OF THE [l57l
coales," were given to him for a salary.""' Dr. Lopus
was absent from England in 1589, and his name does
not subseqnently appear in our Annals, Is not this
the same person as Dr. Koderigo Lopez, who was phy-
sician to the Queen's household, and was hanged in
1594 for conspiring to poison Her Majesty ?
Henry Wotton, M.D., was the son of Edward
Wotton, M.D., a Fellow of the College, who died in
1555. Henry Wotton was a student of Christchurch,
Oxford, proctor of the university, Greek reader and
fellow of Corpus Christi College, and proceeded M.B.
1562; M.D. 12th July, 1567. He was admitted a
Candidate of the College of Physicians 12th May, 1564,
a Fellow 18th January, 1571-2, and was Censor in
1581 and 1582. In 1584, when Dr. Turner resigned
his appointment of physician to St. Bartholomew's
hospital, the College memorialised the treasurer and
governors in favour of Dr. Wotton ; with what success
is not recorded in the Annals, and thus far I have
been unable to discover from other sources. " 1584,
Decemb. xix. Decretum est liis comitiis, ut literse
qusedam petitorise in gratiam ac favorem D. Wootton
scribantur, ad rectores et magistros Hospitii S. Bar-
tholomaei, in hanc sententiam ; scilicet, quoniam
D. Turner, illius hospitii jam medicus, intra hos paucos
dies munus illud sua sponte relicturus est, idcii'co
rogare nos, ut- D. Wootton, tum quia vir doctus est,
et in medicina bene exercitatus, tum quia unus est
ex nostri Collegii Societate, ad nostram petitionem in
dicti Turneri locum subrogetur."
To the Right Worshipful the Aldermen and Governors of
the Hospitall of St. Bartholomew.
Right worshipfull,
Understanding that Mr. Dr. Turner is resolved to depart vsrith the
Physitian's roome of the Hospitall of St. Bartholomew, and of this
* Sir James Paget's Records of Harvey, 8vo, Lend., 1846, p. 25.
1572]
ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 71
his resolucion liath ^iyen warning unto your Wisedorns : We, as
well for the charitable care that we have for the batter f arnishino-
of your said Hospitall in that behalf, as also for some other good
respects, have thought good to co'mend unto you for the same
purpose Mr. Dr. Wootten, a man very well learned, one of this
Society and Company, borne within the city, and of long and good
practice in the same. Of whom, if at our request it shall please
you to make good liking, we doubt not but that the sequale itself
will right well declare how good and convenient a choice you have
made therein. We are not herein to press yo'' Wisedoms any further
than may stand with yo"" good pleasure. But yet if this our honest
motion may take place, we shall think ourselves well respected, and
that you have had a good regard both of us and our priviledges in
placing none other there but such as is of our Society, and therefore
will be most ready and willing in what we may to requite yo""
curtesies. And for so much as that place hath oftentimes great
and strange accidents and divers cases of importance not elsewhere
usuall, if this our said College and Fellows male be admitted to the
same, we will be ready from time to time as occasion shall serve in
all such matters of difficulty and moment, to allowe and impart unto
him our best advice and conference — a matter to the poor sick and
diseased of no small co'modity and comfort. And, albeit so noble
and well governed a city as this is, is rather to give than take
example by any other whatsoever, yet whereas in all other hon'''®
cities and towns in all Europe, where the like hospitalls are main-
tained, the Physitian is always provided out of the body of the
Society and College of the Physitions of the same city, we leave the
consideration of this their discreet and hon*"'® dealing herein to be
rather thought upon and considered by yo'' Wisedoms than of us to
be further urged. And so comit yo' Worships to the good govern-
ment of the Almightie.
At our College this vij. of January, 1584.
Yo'' Wor'ps assured Friendes,
The President and Society of the
College of Physitions.
William Baronsdale, M.D., was born in Gloucester-
shire, and educated at St. John's College, Cambridge, of
which house he was one of the senior Fellows. He
proceeded A.B. 1554-5; A.M. 1558 ; M.D. 1568; was
four years bursar of his college, and twice held Linacre's
lectureship. He was a I'ellow of the College of
Physicians, but of the date of his admission I can fur-
nish no particulars. He was Censor in 1581, 1582,
1583, 1584, 1585; Elect, 5th February, 1587; Con-
siliarius, 1588, 1601, 1602; and President for eleven
72 ROLL OF THE [l572
consecutive years, namely, from 1589 to September,
1600, when he was succeeded by Dr. Gilbert. He was
the first Treasurer of the College, and was appointed
to this newly cx'eated office 14th November, 1583, and
continued to hold it until September, 1586. He was
re-appointed in 1604, 1605, 1607. Dr. Baronsdale was
dead 17th June, 1608, when he was succeeded as Elect
by Dr. Moundeford.
Thomas Fryer, M.D., was a son of Dr, John Fryer,
a former Fellow of the College, who died of the plague
in 1560. Our present physician was educated at
Trinity College, Cambridge, and proceeded A.B. 1557,
A.M, 1561. He then visited Italy, and graduated
doctor of medicine at Padua. He was admitted a
Fellow of the College of Physicians in 1572, and served
the office of Censor in 1583 and 1584. At the close of
1594 he was exempted from attendance at the College
unless specially summoned. " Decemb. xiii. Petit
Dr. Frier ut secum dispensetur pro sua preesentia in
istis nostris conventibus, tum ratione setatis suae, turn
propter aUas rationes, Collegio non ignotas. Concessa
est ista petitio, sed ea lege ac conditione, ut quoties
prsemonitus et accersitus fuerit per Prsesid. propter
aliqua graviora Collegii negotia, non recuset ullo mode
interesse." His age could scarcely have been the real
ground of exemption, for he survived this entry nearly
thirty years. The other reasons, not unknown to the
College, would seem to have been of a temporary
character, for we meet him again as Censor in 1604,
Elect 22nd December, 1603, and Consiharius in 1607,
1608, 1609, 1611, 1619,1620,1622. We learn from
Wood'" that he was incorporated doctor of physic at
Oxford, 28th February, 1623, and dying about two
months after his incorporation, was buried in the
church of St. Botolph, but in which of the parishes of
that name Wood was unable to discover. It was most
* Fasti Oxon., vol. i, p. 844.
1572] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 73
probably at St. Botolpli's, Aldersgate Street ; his two
sons, who will have to be mentioned hereafter, having
lived in Little Britain, within that parish.
Dr. Fryer was a sincere and consistent member of
the Church of Home. In Kempe's Loseley MSS. p. 249,
we read that "Thomas Fryer, of London, doctor of
physic, has compounded with Her Majesty for a certain
yearly sum not to come to church." A document inti-
tuled, " A note of several livings of such recusants
now remayninge in the Countie of Surrey, as are of
habilitie, and of such Sommes of Monie as they offer
to pay yearlie into her Majesties receipt, set down
under their hands the 9 March, 1585," shows that many
Catholics were wilhng to purchase similar permission
at the sacrifice of a fourth part of their yearly incoAne,
if their own statements of the amount might be con-
sidered under such circumstances to be tolerably cor-
rect. Certificates from the churchwardens to the
justices that certain individuals have conformed, by
attending divine service in the parish church, are at
this period not unusual.
Whereas Thomas Fryer, Doctor of PLisicke, dwellinge within the
Cytye of London, ys required by yo'" I're of this instante to be before
yone at Dorkinge on Thurseday nowe nextcominge as touchinge his
not cominge to churclie : It may please yowe to be advertised that
the sayd M"" Fryer hath been allreddye called before the M"" of the
Rolls and Sir Owen Hopton, knighte. lieutenante of the Tower, Com-
missioners appoynted for the same cause, within the cyttie of London,
and the countye of Middlesex, before whom he hath compounded and
agreed to paye unto her Ma"*^ a certain yearely sura of money for his
not cominge to churche, as by the certyficate thereof delyvered unto
the Lordes of her Ma'''^^ pryvie councell dothe appeare, w'ch by the
commaundement of the M"" of the Rolls I am willed to signifie unto
yo"" Masterships,
At London, the xvij*** of Maye, 1586.
Yo' W''shippes humbly to com'aunde,
Henry Clekke,
The Clarke of the Peace in the
Countye of Midd.
To the Right Worshippful S"" Will"" More, &c.
Dr. Fryer, at the time of his death, was possessed
of the manor of Harlton, Cambridgeshire (which he
74 ROLL or THE [1575
had purchased of the Barnes family), as appears from
the monument to his memory in that church.
Richard Forster, M.D., was a son of Laurence
Forster, of Coventry, and was educated at All Souls'
College, Oxford, as a member of which house he pro-
ceeded M.B. 10th June, 1573, and M.D. the 2nd July
following. He is styled by Camden " nobiHs mathe-
maticus." There is no note in the Annals of his exami-
nations or admission as a I'ellow of the College of
Physicians, but the latter must have taken place about
the year 1575. He was Censor in 1583, 1584, 1585 ;
Elect 20th March, 1591-2, in place of Dr. Walter
Bayhe; Consiharius 1592, 1593, 1594, 1595, 1596,
1597, 1599, 1605, 1606, 1607, 1610, 1614; Treasurer,
1600; and President, 1601, 1602, 1603, 1604, 1615.
Dr. Forster was the first appointed Lumleian lecturer,
and held that office until 1602, when he was succeeded
by William Dunne, M.D. He died (as we are informed
by Wood''"') at London, 27th March, 1616, being then
President of the College, " to the great reluctancy of
all who knew the profound learning of the person."
Dr. Forster was the author of — -
Ephemerid.es MeteorologicEe, ad annam 1575 secundum positum
Finitoris Londoni. 8vo, Lond., 1575.
Thomas Jeesop, M.D., was probably a son of John
Jeesop, rector of Chickerel and Upway, who was buried
at Gillingham, co. Dorset, 29th April, 1582. Our
physician was educated at Merton College, Oxford,
of which house he was a fellow, and proceeded M.D.
21st November, 1569. He subsequently became a
Fellow of the College of Physicians, and an Elect
23rd January, 1588-9. On the 25th February,
1596-7, the College recommended him to the Gresham
trustees for the professorship of physic in Gresham col-
lege. He left London in 1601 or 1602, as we learn
from the following passage in the Annals : 1602,
* Fasti Oxon., vol. i, p. 736.
1578] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 75
August xii : — " His Uteris lectis statim itum est ad
electionem Electi, in locum D""'^ Jeesop, qui jam dudum
discessit cum pannis, ab hac civitate." He had retired
to Gillingham, of which parish his brotlier, John
Jeesop, B.D., was the vicar. Dying there in 1615,
he was buried in the parish church, where, on the
north side of the chancel, is a monument with two
cumbent effigies of Dr. Jeesop and his brother. The
inscription, which is not on stone, but merely on
plaster, painted black, with gilt letters, is now (1861)
deficient in many parts. It is given by Hutcliins'"' as
follows : —
Thomas Jesope, armlger, in medicinis Doctor, pacis
justiciarius in hoc com. Dor., terrarum publicarum
hujns parochige pene exeptaram recuperator ;
Scliolaribus collegii Mertonieusis Oxon. benefactor;
Fratribus pater ; honestis amicus ; pauperibus
beneficus ; sepultas 18 die Mensis Octobris annoque
Domini 1615.
KoGER Marbeck, M.D., was the son of John Mar-
beck, organist of Wmdsor. He was educated at
Christchurch, Oxford, of which he was afterwards a
canon. He became provost of Oriel in 1564, and was
admitted M.D. 2nd July, 1573. We meet with him as
a Fellow of the College of Physicians about the year
1578. He was the first Registrar of the College, and,
having then filled that office for two years, was, on the
3rd November, 1581, elected for hfe. " Eodem die,
una voce et pleno cum consensu Rogerum Marbeck
registrarium Collegii, sive annalium scriptorem, jam
tertio eligerunt, et diu'arite vita sua naturali confirma-
runt." He was to have forty shillings a year, paid
quarterly, with a fee of 3s. 4c?. on the admission of
every Fellow, Candidate, or Licentiate, and a hke fee
of Ss. 4cZ. from every one fined by the President and
College, or by the Censors. The duties of his office he
performed with the greatest care and diligence, as the
* Dorset, vol. iii, p. 214.
76 ROLL OF THE [1580
annals themselves sufficiently testify. Dr. Marbeck
was Censor in 1585, 1586 ; Elect, 28th July, 1597, in
place of Dr. Johnson, deceased; and Consiiiarius, 1598,
1600, 1603, 1604. He was physician to Queen Eliza-
beth, and, dying in July, 1605, was buried in St. Giles,
Cripplegate, on the 5th of that month. Dr. Marbeck
accompanied the Lord High Admiral Howard in the
expedition against Cadiz in 1596. In the British
Museum there is a beautifully written MS. entitled
A briefe and true Discourse of the late honorable Yoya.ge into
Spaine ; and of the wynning, sacking, and burning of the famous
Towne of Cadiz there ; and of the Miraculous Overthrowe of the
Spanish N'avie at that time. With a Reporte of all other Accidents
thereunto appertayning. By Dr. Marbeck, attending upon the
Person of the Righte Hon. the Lorde Highe Admirall of England
all the Tyme of the said Action.
Cheistopher Johnson, M.D., "a most excellent
Latin poet, philosopher, and physician," says Anthony
Wood,"'' " was born at Kiddesley, in Derbyshire, edu-
cated in Wykeham's school, Winchester, made per-
petual fellow of New College, Oxford, in 1555, left it
after he was M.A., and in 1560 became chief master
of the said school in the place of Thomas Hyde, where,
by his industry and admirable way of teaching, were
many good scholars sent to the universities. All the
time that he could get at vacant hours he spent upon
his beloved study of physic, w^hich he practised in the
city of Winchester, but not to the neglect of his school.
At length, taking the degree of doctor of that faculty
(23rd June, 1571), he shortly after resigned his school,
and, repairing to London, practised with good success
in the parish of St. Dunstan's in the West." Dr.
Johnson was admitted a Fellow of the College of
Physicians about the year 1580 ; was Censor in 1581,
1582, 1583, 1587, 1589, 1590, 1591, 1592, 1593 ;
Elect, 28th May, 1594 ; Consiiiarius, 1594, l.'?95, 1596 ;
Treasurer, 1594, 1595, 1596. He died in the beginning
of July, 1597, in St. Dunstan's above mentioned, and
* Athenae Oxon., vol. i, p. 251.
1580] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIAXS. 77
was buried, Wood thinks, in that parish. He died
wealthy ; left several sons and daughters behind him ;
and Mr, John Heath, his son-in-law, a student in
physick, his executor, who had all his physical and
philosophical books, and succeeded him in his practice.
His poetical writings are as follows : —
Ortns atque vita Gulielmi Wykehami Wintoniensis Episcopi.
Ranarum et Murium pugna, Latina versa donata ex Homero.
4to. Lond. 1580.
Custodum sive Prsesidum Collegii Winton. Series.
Didascalorum Collegii Winton. omnium Elenchus.
In this he wrote thus of himself :
tJItimu.s hie ego sum, sed quam bene quam male nolo
Dicere ; de me qui judicet, alter erit.
His successor in the school, Thomas Bilson, subse-
quently bishop of Worcester, and then of Winchester,
added —
Ultimus es ratione loci, re primus, lohnson,
Sed quis, qui de te judicet, aptus erit :
Tam bene, quam nuUus qui te praecesserit ante,
Tarn male, posteritas ut tua pejus agat.
Tanner'^'' says of him, " poetis omnibus cosetaneis facile
antecelluit."
To Dr. Johnson's pen we also owe —
Counsel against the Plague, or any other infectious disease. 8vo.
Lond. 1577.
Question : Whether a man for preservation may be purged in the
Dog-days or no ? Printed with the Counsel.
William Gilbert, M.D., was born in 1540, and was
a son of Jerom Gilbert, recorder of Colchester, Essex.
Woodt is anxious to claim him among the worthies of
Oxford, and says, " He was educated in both the
universities, but whether in Oxon. first or in Cambridge
I cannot justly tell. Afterwards," continues Wood,
and the statement has been copied by Aikin and Hut-
chinson, " he travelled beyond the seas, where, I
* Bibl. Brit., 442. f Athense Oxon., vol. i, p. 276.
78 ROLL OF THE [1580
presume, he had the degree of doctor of physick con-
ferred upon him." Our Annals show that he was a
doctor of medicine of Cambridge ; and I learn from
Mr. Cooper, the learned author of the " Athense Can-
tabrigienses," tliat he was really of St. John's College,
in that university ; that he proceeded B.A. 1560 ; was
elected fellow of St. John's, 21st March, 1560-61;
M.A. ]564:; M.D. 1569; and senior fellow of his college
21st December, 1569.
Dr. Gilbert settled in London about 1573; was
admitted a Fellow of the College of Physicians, but
at what precise period is not recorded ; and practised
with so much reputation and success that he was
appointed physician to Queen Elizabeth. The vacan-
cies from the duties of his profession he employed in
philosophical experiments, particularly relative to the
magnet ; and his results were so important that Galileo
himself spoke of him as " great to a degree which might
be envied." It was, indeed, by the perusal of Gilbert's
book '' De Magneto," that Galileo was induced to turn
his mind to magnetism.'"" In his experiments Dr. Gil-
bert was assisted by a pension from the Queen, a cir-
cumstance, says Aikin, which deserves mentioning to
her honour, the rather as she was accounted sparing of
pecuniary favours, especially in the encouragement of
literature. Dr. Gilbert was Censor in 1581, 1582,
1584, 1585, 1586, 1587, 1589, 1590; Treasurer from
1587 to 1594, inclusive, and again from 1597 to 1599;
Consiliarius, 1597, 1598, 1599; Elect, 3rd March,
1596-7, in place of Dr. Gifford, deceased ; and finally
President in 1600.
On the death of Queen Elizabeth, Dr. Gilbert was
appointed physician to her successor, James I. He did
not long enjoy that honour, and dying a bachelor, 30th
November, 1603, aged 63, was buried at Colches-
ter, in the chancel of the church of the Holy Trinity,
* So says "The Times," May 20, 1876, p. 6, " Loan Collection of
Scientific Apparatus."
1580] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS, 79
where a handsome monument to his memory bears the
following inscription :
Posuerunt hunc tiimulum Ambrosins et Gulielmus Gilberd,
in memoriam pietatis fraternge
GuLiELMO Gilberd seniori Armigero et Medicinae Doctori,
Hie, primfBvus filius Hieronimi Gilberd Armigeri,
natns erat villte Colcestrige,
studuit Cantabrigiee Artem Medicam,
summis laudibus pariq. fselicitate, per triginta plus annos Londini
exercuit,
Hinc Aulam accersitus in snmmum Reginee Elizabetliae favorem
receptus f uit,
cui, nt successori Jacobo, servivit Arcliiatros.
Librum de Magnete apud Exteros celebrem
in rem Nauticam composuit.
Obiit anno Redemptionis Humanae 1603, Novembris ultimo,
astatis suee 63.
By his will he gave his whole library, globes, instru-
ments, and cabinet of minerals to the College of Physi-
cians. His portrait by Hardmg, formerly in the picture
gallery at Oxford, was engraved by Clamp. He was
the author of
De Magnete, Magneticisque Corporibus, et de Magno Magneto,
Tellure, Pkysiologia nova. Fol., Lond., 1600.
Lord Bacon mentions this work in many places with
applause ; and in reference to it Mr. Hallam writes as
follows: "The year 1600 was the first in which
England produced a remarkable work in physical
science, but this was one sufficient to raise a lasting
reputation to its author. Gilbert, a physician, in his
Latin treatise on the magnet, not only collected all the
knowledge which others had possessed on that subject,
but became at once the father of experimental philo-
sophy in this island, and by a singular felicity and
acuteness of genius the founder of theories which have
been revived after the lapse of ages, and are almost
universally received into the creed of science. The
magnetism of the earth itself, his own original hypo-
thesis ' nova ilia nostra et inaudita de tellure sen-
tentia,' could not of course be confiimed by all the
experimental and analogical proof which has rendered
80 ROLL OF THE [1580
that doctrine accepted in recent philosophy, but it was
by no means one of those vague conjectures that are
sometimes unduly applauded when they receive a con-
firmation by the favour of fortune. He relied on the
analogy of terrestrial phenomena to those exhibited by
what he terms a terella, or artificial spherical magnet.
What may be the vahdity of his reasoning from experi-
ment, it is for those who are conversant with the sub-
ject to determine, but it is evidently by the torch of
experiment that he was guided. A letter from Edward
Wright, whose authority as a mathematician is of some
value, admits the terrestrial magnetism to be proved.
Gilbert was also one of our earliest Copernicans, at
least as to the rotation of the earth, and with his usual
sagacity inferred, before the invention of the telescope,
that there are a multitude of fixed stars beyond the
reach of our vision.""" Thomson, the historian of the
Royal Society, terms this work of Gilbert's on the
magnet " one of the finest examj^les of inductive philo-
sophy that has ever been presented to the world." The
following work did not appear till long after Dr. Gil-
bert's death :
De Mundo nostro sublunari Philosophia nova : published in 4to.
Amst., 1651, from a MS. in tlie library of Sir William Boswell,
Knight.
There is in it an address to the reader and a dedication
to Henry Prince of Wales by the editor William Gilbert,
of Melford, the author's brother. He observes it may
appear odd to some that his brother was of the same
name as himself, and informs the reader that such was
sometimes the practice in England.
Walter Bayley, M.D. — " The son of Henry Bayley,
of Warnewell, in Dorsetshire, Esquire, was born at
Portsham, in that county, educated at Wykeham's
school, Winchester, admitted perpetual fellow of New
College, Oxfoi'd, after he had served two years' proba-
* Introduction to the Literary History of the Fifteenth, Six-
teenth, and Seventeenth Centuries, vol. ii, p. 233.
1581] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 81
tion, took the degrees in arts, entered upon the physick
line, M.B. 21st February, 1557, M.D. 25th May, 1563,
was admitted to practise his faculty whilst proctor of
the University in the year 1558, and about that time
was made prebendary of Dultingcote, alias Dulcote, in
the church of Wells, which he resigned in 1579. In
1561 he was made the Queen's professor of physick,
and at length became physician to Queen Elizabeth,
and much resorted to for his practice."'" Dr. Bayley
was admitted a Fellow of the College of Physicians
about the year 1581 ; was named an Elect 10th June,
1584 ; CoDsiliarius, 1588 ; and, dying 3rd March, 1592,
aged 63, was buried in the inner chap3l of New College,
Oxford, where he is commemorated by the following
inscription :
GuALTEEUS turaulo dormit Bail ae us in isto,
Cui Doricastrensis patria fundus erat.
Wicchamicis didicit juvenis quam sumptibus artem,
Grandior hanc lector regius edocuit.
Fama virum evexit, Reg'ina accivit ad Aulam
Jungeret ut Medicis Elizabetha suis ;
Hie tria lustra egit longe illustrissiinus, amplo
Et celebri, quantum dat Medicina, loco.
Charus erat multis, dum vita mane bat, et idem
Deflendus multis, vita ubi fugit, erat.
Obiit 3° Martii anno salutis
Humana? MCCCCCLXXXXIl ^tatis suae 63°.
Posuit Gulihelmus Bailey filius
Amoris et pietatis monumentum.
He was the author of
A Brief Discourse of certain Medicinal Waters in the county
of Warwick, near Newman. 12mo. Lond. 1587.
A Discourse of Three Kinds of Pepper in Common Use. Svo.
J 588.
A Brief Treatise of the Preservation of the Eyesight. 12mo.
1G16.
Directions for Health, Natural and Artificial, with Medicines for
all Diseases of the Eyes. 4to. 1626.
Explicatio Galeni de potuconvalescentium et senum, et prsecipue
* Wood's Athense Oxon., vol. i, p. 224.
VOL. I. G
82 ROLL OF THE [1581
de nostr^e Ala? et Birife paratione. MS. formerly in the library of
Robert Earl of Aylesbury.
Thomas Langton, M.D., was educated at Cambridge,
and proceeded A.B. 1566, A.M. 1570, M.D. 1577. He
was admitted a Fellow of the College of Physicians
22nd December, 1581 ; and on the 12th November,
1585, was appointed Registrar ijvo tempore, in the
absence from town of Dr. Marbeck. He was Censor in
1586, 1596, 1598, 1601 ; Elect, 29th November, 1597,
in place of Dr. Walker, deceased ; Consiharius, 1600,
1601,1602, 1603; Treasurer, 1601, 1602; President,
1604, 1605, 1606. He died shortly after his last elec-
tion as President, and was succeeded in that office, on
the 25th October, 1606, by Dr. Henry Atkins.
Thomas Penny, M.D., was of Trinity College, Cam-
bridge, as a member of which house he proceeded A.B.
1551, A.M. 1559. He received ordination in the Church
of England, and on the 2nd March, 1559-60, became
prebendary of Newington, in the church of St. Paul's.
He was sworn fellow of his College in 1560. Having
been appointed to preach one of the Spital sermons in
1565, Archbishop Parker objected to him, believing him
to be ill affected to the estabhshment. Soon afterwards
he travelled into various parts of Europe, residing for
some time in Switzerland, where it is supposed he was
at the death of Conrad Gesner, in December, 1565, and
it has been conjectured that he assisted Wolf in arrang-
ing the plants and memorials of their deceased friend.
He also visited the island of Majorca. Mr. Cooper,
from whose Athense Cantabrigienses, vol. ii, p. 78, I
derive the above, thinks it probable that he took the
degree of M.D. abroad. He was practising physic in
London in January, 1570-1, when he came before the
comitia minora for examination, but at that time failed
to satisfy the Censors of his fitness to practise. He
must have done so, however, at a subsequent period,
although there is no record of it in the Annals, nor of
1532] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 83
his admission as a Fellow of the College, which he cer-
tainly was in 1582. On the 25th May, 1577, he with
eight others subscribed a letter to Thomas Cartwright,
commending his conduct with respect to ecclesiastical
matters. About the close of the same year he was
deprived of his prebend for non- conformity. Dr. Penny
married Margaret, daughter of Jolm Lucas, Esq., of
St. John's, near Colchester, Master of Requests to
Edward VI. She died in November, 1587, and was
buried in the church of St. Peter-le-Poer.'"' Dr. Penny
died in 1589. He " was indubitably a man of great
attainments in the natural history and especially the
botany of his time." Gerard styles him " a second
Dioscorides for his singular knowledge of plants."
" That he had diligently searched both the northern and
southern parts of England is manifest from the variety
of rare plants discovered by him, and communicated to
Lobel and Gerard. He was personally known to Gesner
and Camerarius, and frequently supplied them with
rare plants. There seems to be no doubt that he was
also intimate witli Crusius, w^hom he furnished with a
variety of curious articles, inserted in his R-ariores and
in the Exoticae. Dr. Penny brought from Majorca the
hypericum balearicum, which Crusius named myrtocis-
tis Pennsei, after him, as he did a gentian, now the
swertia perennis. The same of the geranium tubero-
sum. The corn us herbacea, that beautiful native of the
Cheviot Hills, was first revealed to the curious by this
industrious naturalist. He was also one of the first
Englishmen who studied insects. "t He left behind
him certain entomological collections, which with those
of Gesner and Dr. Edward AVotton, formed the basis of
Mufiet's Theatrum Insectorum. He was the author of
Latin verses on the restitution of Bucer and Fagius,
1560; Letters to Camerarius, 1585. Li Trew's collec-
tions.
* Seymour's Survey of London, vol. i, p. 378.
t Athense Cantabrig., vol. ii, p. 78.
G 2
84 ROLL OF THE [1582
Peter Turner, M.D,, was the son of Dr. William
Turner, the medical dean of Wells, one of the most
original botanists of his age. Our present physician
was a master of arts of Cambridge, and a doctor of
medicine of Heidelberg, incorporated on that degree
at Cambridge in 15 7.5, and was admitted a Licentiate
of the College of Physicians 4th December, 1582.
Dr. Turner held the appointment of physician to
St. Bartholomew's Hospital ; and on his resignation of
that office, in 1584, the College, by a formal act,
solicited the treasurer and governors in behalf of
Dr. Wotton. We learn from Wood"'' that Dr. Turner
took his degree of doctor at Heidelberg, in 1571 ;
that he was subsequently incorporated in the same
degree at Cambridge, and that on the 10th July, 1599,
he was incorporated at Oxford as he had stood at
Heidelberg and Cambridge. He remained a Licentiate
of the College to the time of his death, which happen-
ing 27th May, 1614, at the age of 72, he was buried
in the chancel of St. Olave's Church, Hart Street. His
monument there was thus inscribed :
Memoriae Sacrum Pet. Tuenero, Gulielmi Turneri patris inclyto
filio, probitatis ac eruditionis fama, illustriq ; Medicinse Doctor!
peritissimo ; quem Cantabrigia alnit, Heidelbrigia Doctoris insigni-
bus honoravit, Oxonium cobonestavit, Pascba Turnera conjux
moestissima seternum pietatis, amoris ac doloris sui Monumentu
L. M. P. Henricus Parreus Episc. Wigorniensis, Paschse Tur-
nerae frater, mceroris consors, piis defuncti manibus, hoc Epicedium
parentavit. Obiit Mail 27 anuo Dom. 1614. -5^tatis suae 72.
Gregory Wjsedom, who, so far as I can gather,
was not a graduate either in arts or medicine, was on
his humble petition admitted a Licentiate 4th Decem-
ber, 1582.
William Delaune was a French Protestant clergy-
man (verbi Dei prsedicator), who had been compelled
to leave his native country on account of his religion.
He was summoned before the College of Physicians
* Fasti Oxon., vol. i, p. 7S1.
1582] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 85
7th December, 1582, for practising medicine in Lon-
don without a hcence. Admitting his practice, but
stating many extenuating circumstances, the consi-
deration of his case was postponed to a subsequent
occasion. On 22nd December, 1582, he presented a
lengthy and humble petition for a licence to practice
medicine. From his memorial, which is transcribed
at length in the Annals, we learn that he had studied
medicine for eight years at Paris and Montpelier,
ujider Duretus and Rondeletius ; that he had for a
leng-thened period practised physic without a single
complaint against him ; that he had a large family
wholly depending upon his exertions, and that his
only resource for the support of himself and them was
the practice of his adopted profession. These facts
seem to have influenced the College. He was called
in, examined, approved, and admitted a Licentiate the
same day, viz., 22nd December, 1582. He practised
in London, and I find him mentioned as one of three
Licentiates who attended, on 18th April, 1603, in the
body of the College hall to hear the Statutes read.
He was buried at- St. Anne's, Blackfriars, 19th Feb-
ruary, 1610, and was the author of
Institutionis Christianse Religionis a Joanne Calvino conscriptee
Epitome. Per Gail, Launeum in Eccles. Gallicana Miuistrum.
8vo. Lond., 1583.*
E-iCHARD Dew. — I am not sure whether he ought
to be considered as one of the College, whether, in
fact, he ever took up his abode in London, and was
admitted. The following is the only entry I can find : —
" 1582, Dec. xxii. Eichardas Dew, Oxoniensis, exami-
natus est, omniumque consensu approbatur. De quo
conclusum est, ut quamprimum hue accesserit ut hie
habitet, et commoretm", in permissorum numerum
cooptetur observatis illis conditionibus quae a permissis
observari debent."
* An English translation by Christopher Fetherstone, Minister
of the Word of God, was published at Edinburgh, 8vo., about 1685.
86 ROLL OF THE [1584
Martin Ehamneirus, M.B., a Spaniard, a native
of Cordova, and a bachelor of medicine, was admitted a
Licentiate 3rd April, 1584.
Lancelot Browne, M.D., was a native of York,
educated at Cambridge. He was matriculated as a
pensioner of St. John's College in May, 1559, proceeded
A.B. 1562-3, and commenced A.M. 1566. In 1567 he
was elected a fellow of Pembroke Hall, and in 1570
was licensed by the university to practise physic. He
took a leading part in the opposition to the new statutes
of the university in 1572, and was one of the proctors
of the university in 1573.* He was created M.D. in
1576 ; was admitted a Fellow of the College of
Physicians, 10th June, 1584 ; w^as Censor, 1587, 1590,
1591, 1592, 1594, 1595 ; Elect, 13th July, 1599 ; Con-
siliarius, 1604, 16()5. Dr. Browne was first physician
to Queen EHzabeth. In 1580 he presented to the
vicarage of Houghton, co. Norfolk. He was certainly
dead on the 11th December, 1605, when Dr. Craig was
appointed Elect and Dr. Atkins Consiliarius in his
place. Dr. Browne's daughter was the wife of Harvey.
Edward Dodding, M.D., was born in Westmorland,
and educated at Trinity College, Cambridge, of which
house he was a fellow. He proceeded A.B. 1562, A.M.
1566, had a licence from the university to practise
physic 24th January, 1572-3, and was created M.D. in
1576. In the following year he appears to have been
in practice at Bristol, Dr. Dodding was admitted a
Fellow of the College of Physicians 25th June, 1584.
He was buried at St. Dunstan's in the West, 11th
April, 1592. In the State Paper Office there is a
MS. from his pen, being a Report in Latin of the sick-
ness and death at Bristol of the man brought home by
Captain Frobisher from the north-west, 1577.
Thomas Randall, M.D., a native of Huntingdon-
* Cooper's Athenae Cantab., ii, p. 421.
1585] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 87
shii'e, was educated at St. John's College, Cambridge.
He was A.B. 1560 ; was elected fellow of his College
21st March, 1560-1 ; proceeded A.M. 1564, became
senior fellow of St. John's 29th November, 1569, and
M.D. 1577. He was Linacre's reader in 1576. Dr.
Randall was admitted a Fellow of the College of
Physicians 25th June, 1584, but never filled any office
in the society. He was probably dead in 1589, his
name being absent from the list of that year.
John James, M.D., was a native of Hampshire,
educated at Trinity College, Cambridge, of which house
he was a fellow. He proceeded A.B. 1567, A.M. 1571,
M.D. 1578. On the 21st September, 1578, he entered
himself on the physic line at Leyden, and graduated
doctor of medicine there, as he had previously done at
Cambridge. He was admitted a Candidate of the
College of Physicians 2nd January, 1582, a Fellow
25th June, 1584, and was Censor in 1588, 1591, 1594,
He represented St. Ives, co. Cornwall, in the parliament
which met in November, 1585, and Newcastle-under-
Lyne in that which met in February, 1592-3. He was
appointed physician to the Queen's household in Novem-
ber, 1595, and died about 26th January, 1600-1. The
university of Leyden was founded in 1575, and Dr. James
is not only the first graduate of that university who
appears in our Annals, but the first Englishman whose
name was inscribed in the Album Studiosorum of the
College there.
Thoivias Hall, M.D., was a native of Kent, educated
at Broadgates Hall, Oxford, where he took the degree
of M.D. 11th July, 1581. He was admitted a Can-
didate of the College of Physicians 4th September,.
1584, a Fellow 12th November, 1585, and served the
offi.ce of Censor in 1586, 1587.
Christopher Atkinson, M.D., a native of London,
88 ROLL OF THE [158G
and a doctor of medicine of Oxford of 8tli July, 158.5,
was, after the usual examinations, admitted a Licen-
tiate of the College of Physicians 22nd December,
1585.
Robert Jacob,""' M.D., was born in London and
educated at Trinity College, Cambridge, of which he
was a fellow. He proceeded A.B. 1769, A.M. 1573;
graduated M.D. at Basle, and was incorporated on
that degree at Cambridge in 1579. He was admitted
a Licentiate of the CoUege of Physicians 21st May,
1585; a Candidate 12 th November, 1585; and a
Fellow 15th March, 1586. He was one of the physi-
cians to, and was held in the highest esteem by, Queen
Elizabeth, who, when solicited to send a physician to
the Russian court, selected Dr. Jacob as being well
skilled in female complaints, the Queen having herself
often benefited by his advice. Her Majesty assures
her beloved sister, the Czarina, that Dr. Jacob knew
more about the situation of lying-in women than even
the midwifes themselves.
The Queen's letters in her physician's favour are
entered at length in the Annals. To the Czar she
says . — " Noluimus vel non parum provida esse salutis
tuae, vel negligenter honoris nostri, quin virum tam
probitatis laude insignem, qu^m cognitionis in re me-
dica ususque laude commendatissimum, ad te mitte-
* This physician is called by Dr. Goodall, in his Epistle Dedi-
catory to Dr. Whistler, Dr. Robert James, on the supposition, as I
suppose, that his name in the Annals and in the letters of Queen
Elizabeth, to be mentioned presently, had been translated (as was
then customary) into Latin. In this, however, Dr. Goodall was
mistaken. Our physician was entered at Cambridge and graduated
there as Robert Jacob ; was known, and is still remembered, in
Russia as Dr. Jacob, and is so mentioned by the late Sir George
Lefevre, M.D., in his "Sketch of the Origin and Present State of
Medicine and of Medical Institutions in Russia." There was, more-
over, a Fellow of the College, John James, M.D. (p. 87), contem-
porary with Dr. Jacob, who invariably appears in the Annals as
Dr. James, and whose name would, as the senior, probably have
appeared in the Latin garb rather than the junior.
1586] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 80
remus ; eaque propter e domesticis e nostris ex eoruni
numero qui corporis salutisque nostrae, secundiini
Deura, custodes sunt, Robert um Jacob in medicina
doctorem, virum literatum, artis suae peritissimum,
morum honestate probatissimum ad te mittimus, non
quia libenter eo careremus, sed quoniam tibi, tanquam
nobis, volumus et cogitamus facere bene. Eum, ut
pari cum gratia a nobis accipias, et honore merito pro-
sequaris, etiam atque etiam rogamus." To the Czarina
she says : — " Non solum obstetricem expertam et peri-
tam misimus, quae partus dolores scientia leniat, sed
medicum etiam nostrum, qui nostram valetudinem
curare solebat, prsedictum D. Jacobum una amanda-
mus, hominem vobis antea cognitum, fide plenum, ut
medica arte, in qua excellit, obstetricis actiones dirigat^
et vestrse valetudini fideliter inserviat."
Dr. Jacob went out in 1581 in one of a fleet of mer-
chantmen which Jerom Horsey was conducting from
England to Russia. He was maintained by the Russian
Company for some months, until Ivan Vassilievitch
appointed him a regular stipend. Dr. Jacob it was
who recommended Lady Mary Hastings to the Musco-
vite Prince for his seventh wife. Happily for the lady
the Czar died before the conclusion of the strange
matrimonial negotiations, which were begun with the
sanction of Queen Elizabeth.'"' Dr. Jacob returned to
England very soon after the death of Ivan.
Christopher Miller, a native of Norfolk, appa-
rently not a graduate, but possessing a hcence ad
practicandum from the University of Cambridge, 1561,
was on the 18th July, 1586, admitted an Extra-Licen-
tiate : " Licentia exercendi medicinam per universam
AngHam concessa Christophero Miller, una cum sigillo
Collegii et subscriptione."
George Turner, M.D., was born in SufPoJk, and
* "British and Foreign Medico- Cliirurgical Review," October,
1862, p. 291.
90 ROLL OF THE [1588
matriculated as a sizar of St. John's College, Cam-
bridge, in November, 1569. He was admitted a
scholar on Beresford's foundation 9th November, 1570,
and proceeded A.B. 1572-3, A.M. 1576. His degi-ee
of doctor of medicine was taken in some foreign uni-
versity.''^ He was admitted a, Candidate of the College
of Physicians 4th September, 1584, a Fellow the last
day of February, 1587-8 ; was Censor in 1591, 159-2,
1597, 1606, 1607, and was appointed an Elect 12tli
August, 1602. For this office it would seem he had
been considered by the College ineligible, but the diffi-
culty was got over by the following letter : —
To our very loving Friends M'' D"^ Forster, President of tlie
Physicians in London, and to the rest of the Electors.
After our very hartie commendations.
Whereas we are given to understand that there is an Elector's
place void in your Society, and that usually heretofore choyce hath
been made of the senior being equall in degrees with the rest :
These are therefore to pray you (now at your election) to admytt
M"" D'' Turner, who is now the senior, into that place, and not
to exclude him by preferring his junior, seeing we are informed
that there is no other exception to be taken bat. his backwardness
in religion, in which he is no way tainted for malice or practice
against the State, and therefore may receive this favor, seeing he is
for his knowledge and practice so well esteemed by divers noble-
men and others in this place, and her Majestic herself, as it were
to be, wished he might not be so disgraced, especially seeing his
election as we are informed is not against the Statute, and that it
may be God may open his eyes hereafter to see his error, which we
do wish with all our hearts. And so not doubting of your kind-
nesse herein, we very heartily commyt you to the protection of the
Almighty.
From the Court at Otelands, this 11*'' of August, 1602.
Yo^ very loving Friends,
J. Stanhope.
Ro: Cecyll.
" His Uteris lectis, statim itum est ad electionem
Electi in locum D. Jeesop, qui jam dudum discessit
cum pannis ab hac civitate. Et, unanimi omnium Elec-
torum consensu, D' Turner eligitur pro Electo in locum
prsedicti D"' Jeesopi."
* " Venet " is against his name in the College list for loOT.
1588] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 91
On the 27th November, 1607, he was by a special
grace permitted, " certis de causis," to resign the office
of Censor, to whicli he liad been elected on the 30th
September preceding. He was appointed Treasurer in
1609; but, dying " Calendis Martiis, 1609-10, Dom"
Praeses crumenam protalit a D^ Turner nuper defunct.
Thesaur. rehctam ; in qua numeranti xxiii. librae et vi.
solidi cum libro computi privato ; pecunicis et computum
futuro Thesaurario traditurus."
Thomas Muffett, M.D. — Wood'" supphes us with
the following account of this physician : — " He was
born in London, in or near St. Leonard's, Shoreditch,
as I conceive, because his name and relatives lived in
that parish. After he had been educated in grammar
learning in that city, he spent some time in this Uni-
versity (Oxford), afterwards travelled into divers coun-
tries in Europe, where he became known to the most
eminent men, especially physicians and chemists, and
was doctorated m physick in some noted university in
his travels. After his return, he fell into very great
practice within the city of his nativity, become much
honoured and beloved by Peregrine Bertie, Lord Wil-
loughby of Eresbie, and esteemed the famous ornament
of the body of physicians, and the true pattern of all
poHte and solid literature. In his latter days he lived
much at Bulbridge, near Wilton, in Wilts, as a retainer
of the Pembrochian family, from which he had a yearly
pension allowed to him to his last day, mostly by the
favour of that incomparable lady Mary, Countess of
Pembroke. He concluded his last day towards the
later end of Queen Elizabeth, and was, as I have been
credibly informed by one or more ancient men that
belonged to the said family, buried at Wilton."
From the Athense Cantabrigienses and the Col-
lege Annals, I gather that Dr. Muffett was matri-
culated in May, 1569, as a pensioner of Trinity College,
Cambridge ; that, migrating to Caius College, he pro-
* Athense Oxon., vol. i, p. 200.
92 ROLL OF THE [1588
ceeded A.B. 1572—3, and, returning to Trinity, that he
commenced A.M. in 1576. On quitting Cambridge, he
went abroad and became acquainted with many distm-
guished physicians and alchemists. He graduated doctor
of medicine at Basil in 1578, "De Anodinis Medicamentis
Theses in Medicor. Basiliens. Gymnasio propositse ;"
and was incorporated at Cambridge 27th October,
1582. In that year he accompanied Peregrine Bertie,
Lord Willouofhbv, when he carried the Order of the
Garter to Denmark. Dr. Mulfett resided for a time at
Ipswich, but soon settled in London. He was admitted
a Candidate 22nd December, 1585, and a Fellow of the
College of Physicians the last day of February, 1588,
in which year, at the general election of officers, he was
appointed Censor. In July, 1586, he was in medical
attendance on Anne, Duchess of Somerset, widow of
the famous protector, and he and Dr. Penny attested
her will. He was also with her in her last illness. In
1591 he accompanied the Earl of Essex in his expedi-
tion to Normandy. He represented Wilton in the
parHament of 24th October, 1596. The latter part of
his life was spent at Bulbridge, near Wilton. He died
there in 1604, and was buried in Wilton Church.
Dr. Craig was admitted a Fellow 25th June, 1604, "in
loco D"* Muffet nuperrime defuncti."
He has written, says Wood —
De Jure et Prgestantia Chemicorum Medicamentorum, dialogus
apologeticus. Francof. 1584.
Epistolse quinque Medicinales.
Most of which were written to one whom the author
calls Philalethes, a German chemist.
Nosomantica Hippocratea ; sive, Hippocratis prognostica cuncta,
ex omnibus ipsius scriptis methodice digesta. Francof. Bvo. 1588.
Health's Improvement, or rules comprising and discovering the
nature, method, and manner of preparing all sorts of Food used in
this nation.
This was corrected and enlarged by Christopher
Bennett, M.D. Lond. 4 to. 1655.
1588] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 93
MufFett also enlarged and finished " Insectorum
sive Minimorum Aniraalium Theatrum, olim ab Edw.
Wotton, Conrado Gesnero, Thomaque Pennio inchoa-
tum," which book the author leaving behind him in MS.
at his death, it came some years after into the hands
of Sir Theodore de Mayerne, M.D., who published it in
foHo, London, 1634.
Henry Atkins, M.D. — This distinguished physician
was the son of Richard Atkins, of Great Berkhamp-
stead, CO. Hertford, gent., and was born in 1558. Being
then A.M. of Oxford, he was, on the 4th February,
1586, admitted a Licentiate of the College of Physicians ;
a Candidate, 22nd February, 1586 ; and a Fellow (being
then doctor of medicine of Nantes) the last day of
February, 1588. At the annual election of officers, the
year of his admission as a Fellow, he was appointed
Censor; and was repeatedly re-elected, viz., 1589,
1590, 1592, 1593, 1594, 1595, 1596, 1597, 1599, 1600,
1602, 1603, 1604. On the 3rd August, 1602, he was
named Elect ; and Consiliarius, 1606, 1612, 1613, 1615,
1618, 1623, 1626, 1627, 1628, 1630, 1631, 1632. On
the death of Dr. Langton, then President, he was, 25 th
October, 1606, elected to that office, which he again
fiUed in 1607, 1608, 1616, 1617, 1624, 1625. We
gather from the Annals some interesting particulars of
this active and popular physician. He went in the
naval expedition of 1597, in the capacity of physician
to the Earl of Essex. " 1597. Junii xxv. Dr. Nowell
elect us est et jurat us Censor in absentia D"^ Atkins
qui in ista navali expeditione in Hispaniam medicus
nobilissimo comiti Essex : assignatus est." The doctor
proved, however, so bad a sailor, and suffered so severely
in the Channel, that he was obliged to 'he put on shore.
The College, under these untoward circumstances, was
commanded by the queen to select another member of
their society, and the choice fell on Dr. Moundeford.
" 1597. Julii xxvi. Consultatur de medico ad nobil-
issimum comitem Essex : mittendo ex mandatu regineo,
94 ROLL OF THE [1588
in locum Doctoris Atkins, qui reversus ad Plymouth
ex jactatione maris, et vi tempestatis, graviter et
periculose pegrotabat ; et per sufFragia majoris partis
Dr. Moundeford nominatur et eligitur ad negotium."
For the appointment of physician to the lord high
admiral Howard, there were many aspu^ants amongst
the Fellows. Of these, the most conspicuous were
Dr. Browne and Dr. Marheck, both of whom, if we
may judge from their conduct, made certain of the
appointment. The former was one of the Censors, the
latter the Registrar ; and each made his arrangements
in case of being selected. " 1596. Aprilis v. lisdem
Comitiis conclnsum est, ut si Dr. Browne proficiscatur
cum classe regia illi in officio Censoris succedat
Dr. Langton, et si Dr. Marbeck proficiscatur cum eMem
classe Dr. Wilkinson illius locum occupet donee rever-
tatur." The hopes of Dr. Browne, however, were
doomed to be disappointed, and Dr. Marbeck was
selected — whether by the queen, the admiral, or the
College, I have no means of determining.
Dr. Atkins from the first stood high in the esteem
and confidence of James I ; and is said to have been
offered by his Majesty the first baronet's patent on the
institution of that order in 1611 — an honour which he
thought fit respectfully to decline. He was one of the
principal physicians to that monarch ; and, as we learn
from the Annals, was one of those deputed by his
Majesty, m 1604, to fetch his younger son, subsequently
Charles I, then an infant, from Scotland. " 1604.
Maii iv. Dr. Browne designatus est Censor in locum
D™ Atkins, profecti in Scotiam, Regis nostri mandatu
pro regis fiholo in Angliam deducendo."
The presidency of Dr. Atkins was marked by the
publication of the first London Pharmacopoeia, which
appeared in 1618.
Dr. Atkins closed an active and useful hfe at his
house in Warwick Court, London, 21st September,
1635, and was buried inCheshunt Church. His monu-
ment therein bears the following inscription : —
1588] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 95
Henry Atkius, D"". in Physique, Physician in Ordinary for the
space of 82 years to king James and king Charles : was the son of
Richaid Atkins of Great Barkhamstead in this co. of Hertford
Gent, and dyed anno 1635, aged 11 , and lyeth here interred in this
vault, which hee caused to bee made anno 1623, for himselfe and his
only wife Mary, whom he then buryed heere, aged 56, whoe was
daughter of Thomas Pigot of Dodershall in the co. of Bucks, esq.
They had issue only one son. Sir Henry Atkins, Knt. who, dwelling
at Clapham, in the county of Surry, died anno 1638, aged 44, lyes
there buried by his owne appointment.
Dr. Atkins died, says Hamey, " agris numraisqne
dives." He bequeathed to our College one hundred
pounds, which was paid by Sir Henry Atkins, upon
whom three of the senior fellows were, 6th March,
1635, deputed to wait and present the thanks of the
whole Society."'
Thomas D'Oylie, M.D., was descended from an old
family long resident in Oxfordshire. In 1563 he was
elected probationer fellow of Magdalen College,
Oxford ; and after taking his degrees in arts, A. B.
24th July, 1564, A.M. 21st October, 1569, and the
bachelorship in physic (anno 1571), he went abroad,
and proceeded M.D. at Basle. Returning to England,
he settled in London ; was admitted a Licentiate of the
College of Physicians 21st May, 1585 ; a Candidate,
28th September, 1586 ; and a Fellow, the last day of
February, 1588. He was incorporated at Oxford on
his doctor's degree 18th December, 1592. I meet with
him as Censor in 1593, 1596, and 1598. He died in
March, 1602-3, and was buried on the 11th of that
month in the Church of St. Bartholomew the Less*, in
Smithfield. The burial register styles him doctor of
physicke to this hospital. He was physician to St.
Bartholomew's Hospital. Wood tells us that " he had
* " Dr. Atkins Collegii socius e< SEepius pr^eses agris nummisque
dives decessit 21 Septem. 1634, cujus filius, vir census equestris
centum librarum dono paternam oblivionem sarciens in pensili
nostra benevolorum tabella, memoriam defuncti redintegravit."
Bustorum aliquot Reliquiae authore Baldviuo Harvey, M.D.
OG ROLL OF THE [l588
a chief hand in a book entitled ' Bibliotheca Hispanica,'
containing a grammar and dictionary in Spanish, En-
glish, and Latin; Lond., 4to., 1591, which was pub-
lished by Rich. Percyvall, gent., who had another hand
in it.
Ralph Wilkinson, M.D., was born in Essex, and
educated at Trinity College, Cambridge, of which
house he was a fellow. He proceeded A.B. 1562-3 ;
A.M. 1566; M.D. 1573; was admitted a Candidate
of the College of Physicians 22nd December, 1586 ;
and a Fellow the last day of February, 1588. He was
Censor in 1588, 1589, 1593, 1594, 1596, 1597, 1605,
1608 ; Treasurer, 1593 ; Elect, 6th August, 1605, in
place of Dr. Marbeck, to whose office of Registrar he
was, at the general election of 1605, appointed for a
fixed period of three years. Dr. Wilkinson was Con-
siliarius in 1608, and died in the summer or autumn of
1609, when his place of Elect was supplied by the
appointment of Mark Ridley, M.D. Dr. Wilkinson
was physician to St. Bartholomew's Hospital, and was
succeeded in that office by the immortal Harvey.
John Farmery, M.D., was born in Lincolnshire,
and bred at King's College, Cambridge, as a member
of which he proceeded A.B. 1564-5 ; A.M. 1568. On
the 4th February, 1586, he had a licence to practice
from the College of Physicians ; was admitted a Candi-
date within a few days, viz., 22nd February, 1586, and
a Fellow the last of February, 1588, with an injunction
to take the degree of doctor of medicine within two
years. This he did at Leyden, and, as we read in the
Annals, "ultimo Septembris, 1589: Literae testimo-
niales D"' Farmery, pro suo doctoratu, habito in Acade-
mia Leidse vel Lugdunensi Batavorum, in his Comitiis
publicantur et leguntur." The date of his death
escapes me, but on the 27th February, 1592-3, his
widow, Ann, was married at St. Mary, Aldermanbury,
to Edward Lister, M.D. Dr. Farmery is supposed by
1588] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 97
Mr. Cooper* to have been the author of " A Method of
Measurhig and Surveying of Land," pubhshed by
J. F,, practitioner in physick, Lond., 1589 ; and of a
" Perpetuall Prognostication of the Weather," by J. F.,
8vo, Lond., 1590.
John Osbourne, M.D., was a native of Gloucester-
shire, a master of arts of Oxford, and a doctor of
medicine of Leyden. On the 27th February, 1582, a
licence "ad practicandum in medicina per universum
Anglise regnum " was granted by the University of
0:?:ford, under seal to John Osborne, M.A. Being then
M.A. only, notwithstanding he had been practising
physic for more than ten years, he was, on the 25th
June, 1587, admitted a Candidate; and on the 8th
March, 1588, a Fellow of the College of Physicians,
" cui injunctum est ut intra biennium gradum docto-
rates suscipiat." He took his degree at Leyden ; and
at the comitia held 24th March, 1588-9, his letters
testimonial to that effect were presented and publicly
read to the College. Woodt says, "On the 11th of
the said month of July (1588), supplicated to be incor-
porated one John Osbourne, doctor of physick of
Leyden, whose grace being granted simjolicrter, I there-
fore think that he obtained his option." His name is
not in the list of the College for 1595. Presumedly he
was then dead.
Richard Taylior, M.D. — A Londoner born, a
bachelor of arts of Corpus Christi College, Cambridge,
of 1576, and a doctor of medicine of Basil — was admitted
a Licentiate of the College of Physicians, 9th April,
1582; a Candidate, 22nd December, 1585; and a
Fellow, 8th March, 1588. For repeated acts of con-
tumacy to the College he was, on the 8th May, 1590,
declared by the President, Dr. Baronsdale, expelled
from his Fellowship : " e societate CoUegii expulsus, et
* Athenae Cantab., vol. ii, p. 98.
t Fasti Oxon., vol. i, p. 762.
VOL. I, H
98 ROLL OF THE [1589
non alio loco liabendus, qiiaiu ille qui omnibus Collegii
privilegiis est penitus deprivatus." On the 30th Sep-
tember, 1591, having made his humble submission and
apology, he was reinstated in his Fellowship.
Reuben Sherewood, M.D., was a native of Cam-
bridgeshire, educated at Eton, whence he was elected
to King's College, Cambridge, in 1558. He proceeded
A.B. 1562, A.M. 1566, was proctor of the univer-
sity 1569 ; and on the 28th August, 1570, was
enjoined by his college to divert to the study of physic.
On the 2nd December following: he obtained leave of
absence for a year, during which time he was to receive
all college emoluments. In 1571 he was appointed
to the mastership of Eton school, and about the same
time resigned his fellowship at King's College.'^" He
was created M.D., 1581. He was admitted a Candi-
date of the College of Physicians 22nd December, 1584 ;
and subsequently became a Fellow, but the date of his
admission is not recorded. He practised many years at
Bath, with the highest success and reputation ; and
dying there in 1598, left behind him the character of a
ripe scholar, an excellent physician, and an eloquent
man.
Robert Freest, M.D., a native of Middlesex,
educated at Peterhouse, Cambridge, where he pro-
ceeded A.B., 1570, A.M., 1573, and M.D., 1580, was
admitted a Candidate of the College of Physicians 22nd
December, 1582. In 1589 he was associated with
Drs. Atslow, Browne, and Farmery in preparing the
formulae of syrups, juleps, and decoctions for the Phar-
macopoeia. There is httle doubt, therefore, that at
that time he was a Fellow of the College, though I
can find no note of his admission as such.
Hippocrates D'Otthen, M.D.— A physician of this
venerated name, styled in the Annals " vir doctus et
* Athense Cantab., vol. ii, p. 269.
1589]
ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 99
practicator bonus," was admitted a Licentiate 4th July,
1589. "In Collegio, prsesentibus Dom, Prses. D''°
Atkins et D'"" James, aderat Hippocrates et admissus
est ad praxin." His real name was Hippocrates
D'Otthen. He was a doctor of medicine of the univer-
sity of MontpeHer, and was incorporated on that
degree at Oxford, 12th June, 1609. He died 3rd
November, 1611, and was buried in the church of
St. Clement Danes, where he was commemorated by
the following inscription : —
Here lieth the body ot Hippocrates de Otthen, nobly descended
from the noble family of the Otthens out of Holsatia, Doctor of
Physick in the university of Mountpelliers in France, and most
worthily incorporated in the university of Oxford. After his first
coming' into England with his father (who was the Emperor's
physician, and sent for over by Queen Elizabeth), he was desired by
the Earl of Leicester himself to pertain unto him, in whose service
(for many years both at home and abroad in the Low Countries with
his Lord) he performed such worthy parts as well in his own faculty,
as being employed in other laudable services, that Her Majesty and
the State took especial note of his worth. After the decease of the
Earl, he was in the same esteem and regard with the Earl of Essex,
and by Her Majesty commanded to attend upon him in the wars of
France, and afterwards in his prosperous voyage to Cadiz. Returning
home (hoping to retire himself to his owji practice and a more private
life) he was again commanded to go as Physician in service into
Ireland, with the Lord Mountjoy (afterwards Earl of Devonshire),
her Majesty's Lieutenant in that kingdom. But returning again into
England with his Lord, in the beginning of his Majesty's reign, he
continued not long, but went as Physician with the Earl of Hart-
ford, his Majesty's Ambassador unto the Arch-duke of Austria and
Burgundy in that honourable imployment ; and so, returning again
into England, he spent the residue of his years with his dear and
most vertuous wife Mistress Dorothy Drew, daughter to Master
Roger Drew, of Densworth in Sussex, Esq. in great bliss and
happiness. And, being a most zealous and penitent Christian, full
of years, and, unto his last gasp, of perfect memory, he ended his
pilgrimage here on earth, and with alacrity of spirit surrendred liis
.soul into the hands of his Creator, 13th November, 1611. For
whose love and memory his late wife (the now lady and wife unto
Sir Stephen Thornhurst, of Kent, the most worthy and valorous
Knight,) hath caused this ruonument to be erected.
H is rehct. Lady Dorothy Thornhurst dying 1 2th June,
1620, aged 55, was buried in Canterbury Cathedral,
where there is a monument to her memory.
H 2
100 ROLL OF THE [1590
Thomas Lake, M.D., was born at Smarden, in Kent,
and was the son of James Lake, by his wife Katherine,
dano^hter and heiress of Stephen Bishop of Wrotham.
He was matriculated as a pensioner of Christ's College,
Cambridge, 8th March, 1557-8, proceeded A.B. 1561,
A.M. 1564, M.D. 1571, and was admitted a Licentiate
of the College of Physicians 8th May, 1590. Dr. Lake
was member for the port of Hastings in the parliaments
which met 8th Ma_y, 1572, 23rd November, 1585, and
29th October, 1586. Li the latter year articles were
exhibited against him to Lord Burghley, and there is a
lettei" from him to that nobleman wherein he complains
of his enemies and entreats his lordship's good opinion.'^''
He resided in Fetter Lane, and was buried at St.
Dunstan's in the West, on the 26th September, 1595.
John Nowell, M.D., a native of Sussex, a master of
arts of Oxford, and a doctor of medicine of Leyden,
was admitted a Licentiate of the College of Physicians
21st May, 1585. We learn from Wood, that "on
27th June, 1585, he supplicated to be incorporated at
Oxford on his Leyden degree, but whether he had his
option appears not." On the 8th May, 1590, he was
elected, and on the 18th admitted a Fellow. He was
Censor in 1601 ; after which I discover no mention of
him in the Annals.
PiCHARD Scott, on the 25th September, 1590, was
licensed by the College to practise " in mitioribus
morbis, quamdiu bene et honeste se gesserit, et accer-
siverit in gravioribus morbis aliquem Collegarum." He
was probably a native of Essex, educated at Jesus
College, Cambridge, A.B. 1586, A.M. 1590.
Sir William Paddy, M.D., was a native of Mid-
dlesex, educated first at Merchant Taylor's school, and
subsequently at St. John's College, Oxford, whence he
passed over to Leyden and there proceeded doctor of
* Atbenas Cantab., vol. ii, p. 192.
159l] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 101
medicine. He was examined at the College of Physicians
for a licence, and approved 23rd December, 1589, but
was not sworn and admitted a Licentiate until the 8th
May following (1590). He was admitted a Fellow 25th
September, 1591. "He stands in the public register
of the university," says Wood, " as twice incorporated
at Oxford, viz., 22nd October, 1591, and 11th July^.
1600." HewasCensor in 1595, 1597, 1598, 1599, 1600,
Elect 25th October, 1606, in place of Dr. Langton,
deceased; was Consiliarius 1615, 1619, 1621, 1622,
1624, 1629, 1630, 1631, 1633, 1634; and President
1609, 1610, 1611, 1618.
We are told by Wood that Sir William was esteemed
one of the prime physicians of his time ; was physician
to king James I, from whom he received the honour
of knighthood, and was highly valued by the chief
men of his faculty, especially by Sir Theodore de
May erne, then confessedly at the head of his profession
in London.
Of the esteem in which he was held by his colleagues
in the College, our Annals afford abundant proof. One
instance may suffice. In 1614, when some members
of the College had been required to find arms, Sir
William Paddy, accompanied by the registrar, Dr. Lister,
was deputed to appear on behalf of the College before
the Lord Mayor, the Recorder Sir Henry Montague,
and the Court of Aldermen, and plead in vu'tue of
certain Acts of Parliament complete immunity for all
the Fellows, Candidates, and Licentiates from the
charge of service for men or armour. Sir William
argued the point at considerable length, and with so
much effect, that the Recorder was convinced, and the
immunity claimed was judicially confirmed. A correct
Catalogue of the Members of the College, Fellows,
Candidates, and Licentiates, then forty-one in number,
was requested by the Court, lest others, not of the
College, should claim a privilege to which they were
not entitled.
Sir William Paddy died in December, 1634, and was
102 , ROLL OF THE [1592
buried in the chapel of St, John's college, Oxford,
where a monument has the following inscription : —
Memorise Sacrum
GuLiELMi Paddj;i, animas incoraparabilis, hujus Collegii
Commensalis, doctoratu in Medicina, equestris dignitatis
splendore ornati : quorum utrique major ipse splendor.
Vixit annos Lxxx, quando vita, quam tamdiu arti suae debuit,
satiatus : vice tot animarum, quas ipse morti eripuerat,
tandem poscitur ; mortem tamen et tunc qua licuit
elusit, vitfeque studuit, quam noluit naturae, vel ultra
arti sujB nisi benefaciendi, debere; Bibliothecam libris adeo
instruxit, ut Bodleianam tantum non provocare posset ;
Organa pneumatica, quae preces chbIo solennius
commendarent, sacravit ; h'bras cidciodcco in chorum
erogandas legavit, cum ipse jam CEelestem chorum esset
aucturus : Insuper cio libras in studiosorum dedit
alimenta : cum. ea fecisset, quibus quantuscunque
angustus est tumulus, Magnee Britanuias salus mundura
pro sua arte jussit, bene valere nobisque, quibus adeo
benefecit, reliquit tamen ploi-are.
Obiit Decemb. anno salutis mdcxxxiv.
Sir William left to the College of Physicians twenty
pounds, which was paid in March, 1635. His portrait
in his doctor s robes is at St. John's College, Oxford,
to which it was presented by William Gibbons, M.D.,
a fellow of that house, and of our own College.'"
William Dunne, M.D., was born in London, and
was the youngest son of Robert Dunne, by his wife,
Anne Branche. He was educated at Exeter College,
Oxford, and proceeded M.D. 21st July, 1582. He was
admitted a Licentiate of the College of Physicians
* " Gulielmus Paddy, eques auratus, medicus, socius, ac Collegii
aliquoties Prseses senectam diem obiit anno 1634, sub iuitium De-
cembris. Vir quern Lipsius, Thorius, Mayernius, extra temporis
injuriam, editis elogiis posuerunt. Ille sua ad Brunium medicum
nostratem, Harvcei socerum, epistola cum Paddseus Leydae pro-
motus ad suos reverteretur : Thorius in suis de Pseto : ac May-
ernius novissime in elegantissima pr^fatione ad Muffetti Insecta :
quemque merito suo Parens mens dilexit, coluitque ac in mutuis
colloquiis prgedicare solebat unice." Bustorum aliquot Reliquiae,
authore Bald. Harney, M.D.
15y2] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 103
23rd December, 1589, and a Fellow 7tli April, 1592.
He was Censor in 1603, 1604, 1605, 1606, and was
certainly dead on the 16th May, 1607. He was
appointed Lumleian Lecturer in December, 1602, and
he held that office until his death.
William Clarkson, M.D., a student of Broadgates
Hall, Oxford, was, on the 13tli July, 1590, admitted
M.D. as a member of St. John's College in that uni-
versity. He was admitted a Fellow of the College of
Physicians 26th June, 1592, but never filled any col-
legiate office, and was probably dead in 1615, as his
name is not to be found in the list for that year.
Thomas Moundeford, M.D., was a younger son of
Sir Edmund Moundeford, of Feltwell, co. Norfolk,
knight. Of his general or medical education I can
recover no particulars. Being then a doctor of medicine
of Cambridge, he was, on the 9th April, 1593, admitted
a Licentiate, and on the 29th January, 1593-4, a
Fellow of the College of Physicians. He was Censor
in 1595, 1600, 1603, 1604, 1606, 1607, 1608 ; Elect,
17th June, 1608, in place of Dr. Baronsdale, deceased ;
Treasurer, 1608; Consiliarius, 1610, 1616, 1618, 1620,
1626, 1627, 1628, 1629; and President, 1612, 1613,
1614, 1619, 1621, 1622, 1623.
Dr. Moundeford's death took place in Philip Lane,
London, in the house of his son-in-law. Sir John
Bramston, lord chief justice of the King's Bench, he
being then 84 years old and blind ;'"' but the date of
his death does not appear. He was certainly dead
22nd Deceml)er, 1630, when Dr. Fox was named Elect
in his place. His grandson, Sir John Bramston, .K.B.,
characterises him as " a learned and eminent man in
that profession (of phisick) as any in that time."t
* "Autobiography of Sir Jolm Bramston," printed for the
Caraden Society, 1845, p. 15.
t Ibid. p. 7.
104 ROLL OF THE [1594
Edward Lister, M.D., was one of a family whence
sprung four distinguished physicians, viz., the subject
of our present notice. Sir Matthew Lister, to be here-
after mentioned, Martin Lister, M.D., and Joseph
Lister, M.D. Dr. Edward Lister was born at Wake-
field, in Yorkshire, and educated at Eton, whence he
was elected in 1574 to King's College, Cambridge, and
proceeded A.B. 1579, A.M. 1583, M.D. 1590. He was
admitted a Licentiate of tlie College of Physicians 9th
April, 1593, and a Fellow the 30th September, 1594.
He was Censor in 1598, 1599, 1601, 1602, 1610, 1614 ;
Elect 2nd April, 1610; Consiliarius, 1611; Treasurer
from 1612 to 1618 inclusive. He was one of the
physicians in ordinary to queen Ehzabeth and James I.
I)r. Lister on the 27th February, 1592-3, married at
St. Mary, Aldermanbury, Ann, the rehct of John
Farmery, doctor of physick. Dr. Lister died 27th
March, 1620, and was buried at St. Mary's, Alderman-
bury, on the 31st of that month. His wife had been
buried there 11th November, 1613.
John Banister was born of parents of good condi-
tion, but in what part of the kingdom they lived we
are not informed. He studied at Oxford, and even-
tually entered on the physic line. Aiken says he took
a bachelor's degree in medicine in 1573. In July of
that year he certainly obtained a licence to practise
from the university of Oxford, and, settling about that
time at Nottingham, resided there for several years,
and was in great repute both as a physician and
surgeon. His fame appears to have been at the highest
point about the middle of queen Elizabeth's reign.
He removed to London, and on the 15th February,
1593-4, in obedience to her Majesty's letters to that
effect, was licensed by the College of Physicians to prac-
tise under the restrictions to be presently mentioned,
Elizabeth B. By the Queen,
Trustie and wel beloved, We greet jou well, Whereas we are
credibly informed tliat our well beloved subject, Jobn Banister,
1594]
ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 105
gent., hatli of long time practised the art of Chirargerie in sundry
places of this our realme, and also in some service upon the seas,
and for his honestie and skilfaluess therein was heretofore enter-
tained by our late coosens and counsellours — the Earles of Warwick
and Leycester ; and understanding that in the exercise of his science
he hath always jointlie used the art of Physick with Chirurgerie,
and that with such discretion and profit, that there hath not been
made any complaint against him, but on the other side divers
reports that he hath doone very much good to many persons, and
especially in and about our citie of London, where he desireth to
end his old yeares in quietness, as I trusteth he shall do, unles he
happen to be molested by any of your College by reason of his said
practice. In respect of the good report which we have had of his
sufficiency and honestie, and for the speciall favour we beare to all
men of skill, experience, and good behaviour, we have thought
good to require you forthwith, upon the rescript hereof, to take
order in yo'' College that the said John Bauister may be by you and
the College licensed and tolerated to practise the science of Physick
and Chirurgerie, without any yo"" interruption, molestation, or suite,
so long as you shall not fiud any just and apparent cause to the
contrary. Whereof we doubt not he will alwayes have an especial
care.
Given under o'' Signet at o"" manner of Otelands, the xxviii. day
of Julie, iu the xxxv. yeare of our Reigne.
J. Wood.
"Quibus lectis, visum est imiverso Collegarum
coetui, ut respectu iliarum literarum a sua Majestate
scrip tarum tarn gratiose et favorabiliter, permittere-
tur prsedictus Joannes Banister ad praxin : ea tamen
adjecta conditione, ut in omni graviori morbo, et
pleno periculi, unum aliquem ex societate Collegii ut
adjutorem sibi in ilia curatione accersat et adjungat."
When or where he died is now unknown, but it was
probably in London, as there was a long memorial of
him in the church of St. Olave's, Silver-street.
Banister was a voluminous writer, and to him we owe
the following works :
A needful, new, and necessary Treatise of Chirurgerie, briefly
comprehending the general and particular cure of Ulcers. Lond.
8vo. 1575.
The Histoiy of Man, sucked from the Sap of the most approved
Anatomists. Nine Books. Lond. fol. 1578.
Compendious Chirurgery ; gathered and transcribed especially
out of Wecker. Lond. 12mo. 1585.
106 ROLL OF THE [1594
Antidfjtaiy Chirurgical ; containing a variety of all sorts of Medi-
cines, &c. Lond. 8vo. 1589. These were collected into six books,
and printed (after his death) in London. 4to. 1683.
Mark Ridley, M.D., was the son of Lancelot Bidley,
rector of Stretliarn near Ely, and was baptized there in
1559. He was educated at Clare Hall, Cambridge, as
a member of which he proceeded A.B. 1580, A.M.
1584. As a master of arts he was admitted a Licen-
tiate of the College of Physicians 25th September,
1590. We gather from the Annals that on the 7th
April, 1592, he had already taken the degree of doctor
of medicine in his own university, but he was not ad-
mitted a Fellow of the College until the 28th May,
1594. Immediately aft(T this he proceeded to Kussia
as physician to the English merchants trading there,
and chief physician to the Czar, Bovis Godunoif. For
the latter office he was chosen by Lord Burghley, who
recommended him as a man learned and expert in his
profession. He became a great favourite at the court,
and remained in Btissia four years. After the death of
his royal patient, he was recalled by Queen Elizabeth,
and permission was granted him to return to his native
country by the Czar's successor, who, at the tune of
taking leave of Dr. Eidley, gave it to be understood,
that if in future any English physician, apothecary, or
other learned personage should desire to come to Bussia,
he might depend upon a kind reception, due main-
tenance, and a free permission to return hom.e. On
Dr. Ridley's return to England, he fixed himself in
London; was appointed Censor in 1607, 1609, 1610,
1611, 1612, 1613, 1615, 1618 ; Elect, 20th September,
1609, on the death of Dr. Wilkinson ; Treasurer, 2nd
April, 1610, and again in 1620 ; Consiliarhis, 1612,
1613, 1614, 1616, 1617, 1621. He was dead on the
14th February, 1623-4, when Dr. Gwinne w^as named
Elect in his place. An engraved portrait of Dr. Bidley
is extant. We have from his pen —
A Short Treatise of Magnetical Bodies and Motions. 4to. Lond.
1G13.
1595] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 107
Animadversions on a late work, entitled Magnetical Advertise-
ment : or Observations on the Nature and Properties of the Load-
stone. 4to. Lond. 1617.
Thomas Davies, M.D., a Londoner, was educated at
Christ's College, Cambridge, as a member of wliioh he
proceeded A.B. 1580, A.M. 1584, M.D. 1591. He was
admitted a Licentiate of the College of Physicians
27th June, 1593, and a Fellow, 2nd August, 1594.
He was Censor in 1603, 1604, 1611, 1613, and died
just before St. Bartholomew's day, 1615. Dr. Davies
was appointed on the 5th June, 1607, to succeed
Dr. Dunne as Lumleian lecturer, and he held that office
to his death, when he was succeeded by Harvey. He
was buried at St. Dunstan's in the West, 20th August,
1615.
Stephen Bredwell, a native of Oxford, and a
student of medicine (in medicina studiosus), but not a
graduate, having been twice examined, was, on the
2nd August, 1594, admitted a Licentiate. He took
the oath of allegiance to the King at the College as
Mr. Bredwell, 11th January, 1610-11. We have from
bis pen
Helps for Suddain Accidents endangering Life. 8vo. Lond.
1633.
Physick for the Sicknesse commonly called the Plague. 4to.
Lond. 1630.
Thomas Fludd, M.D., was a native of London, and
a doctor of medicine of Cambridge. He came before
the CoUege on the 17th October, 1595, and was
granted a qualified licence to practise. " Tho. Fludd,
Londin. D. in Medicina Cantabrig examinatur. Fa-
tetur ingenue se non Jegisse Galen um, aut ullam illius
partem. Injunctum est illi, ut legat Gal. de Elementis,
de Temperamentis, de ISaturalibus, Facult., de usu
Partium. Interim non prohibetur omni modo a praxi,
sed tam favorabiliter agitur cum illo, propter illam
quam in eo videbamus modestiam, ut quodam modo
108 EOLL OF THE [1596
permittatur illi ad tempus practicare, ea tamen lege,
ut in omni cum graviore accersat sibi unum aliquem
ex Collegis."
Thomas Twine, M.D., was the son of John Twine,
of Canterbury ; and was admitted a scholar of Corpus
Christi College, Oxford, 6th July, 1560. He was A.B.
18th April, 1564, and became probationer fellow of
his college 9th November following. He proceeded
A.M. 10th July, 1568, when, applying himself to me-
dicine, he removed to Cambridge, and continued there
for a time, but eventually settled at Lewes, where
his friend and patron, Thomas, Lord Buckhurst, resided,
and where he practised his profession with the greatest
success. He was admitted M.B. at Oxford, 10th July,
1593, and shortly afterwards proceeded M.D. at Cam-
bridge. He became a Licentiate of the College of
Physicians, 7th May, 1596 ; but, as far as I can gather,
was never admitted to the Fellowship, notwithstand-
ing the intercession of his patron, Lord Buckhurst,
and the decision of the College that he should be so
received as soon as the statutes would permit. " 1595,
April. Ad instantiam honoratissimi viri D. Buck-
hurst concessum est a CoUegio, D. Twine ut cooptetur
in Collegium, quamprimum id commode potest fieri,
juxta formam statutorum, et interea ut admittatur
more permissorum, eo favore, quo hactenus excipimus
sui similes."
Dr. Twine died at Lewes, 1st August, 1613, aged
70, and was buried in the chancel of St. Peter's and
Mary's Westout, in that town. A brass plate was
soon afterwards fixed against the chancel wall, with the
following inscription : —
In obitum Clarissimi viri Thomae Twynne,
Artiura et Medicinae Doctoris,
Quondam Socii C.C.C. in Universitate Oxon.
Videi'at Hippocrates extinctum funere Twynum,
066aq[ue sub tenui pulvere tecta solo :
1596J ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. lOli
Nunc mihi pro morbis (inquit) curisque levandis
Istius ex sacro pulvere, pulvis erit ;
Mortuus expellet morbos, in pLiarinaca versus,
Et cinis in cineres iste valebit, ait.
Quo minus hie superest medicus magis undique regnat
Morbus, et ultoreni gaudet abesse suum :
Scilicet liic tegitur Twynnus, qui noster alumnus,
Heu jacet hie seecli flosque decusque sni.
Orba suo Medico Sussexia languet, et anno
Hoc prope fatali quo perit ilia perit.
Tam clarum ingenio Medicum (mihi crede) virumque,
Quern tulit haec setas, vix dabit ulla sequens.
** Dr. Twine," says Wood,'" " was the friend of Dee
and Allen, and was no less eminent in his time as an
astrologer than a physician." He was a voluminous
wiiter and translator, but most of his works, being
astrological, need not here be enumerated. He trans-
lated the 11th, 12th, and 13th books of Virgil's ^neid
to complete the work commenced, but left unfinished,
by Thomas Phaer. This was published by Dr. Twine
in 1584, "and proves him," sa;ys Wood, " to have been
a tolerable English poet." His strictly medical publi-
cations are —
New Counsel against the Plague. 8vo. Lond. Translated from
Peter Drouet.
Physick against Fortune, as well prosperous as adverse. 8vo.
Lond. 1579. Translated from F. Petrark.
Gabriel Pope, M.D., a native of Kent, and a doctor
of medicine of Leyden, was admitted a Licentiate of
the ColJege of Physicians 3rd (September, 151)4, and
a Fellow 13th July, 1596. He was Censor in 1614.
His name is not in the complete list of the College
for 1628.
Paphael Thorius, M.D,, a Pelgian born, who had
spent some time at Oxford, where he made considerable
progress in the study of medicine, but took no degree,
navmg passed over to Leyden, graduated there, and,
returning to this country, settled in Liondon. He was
* Athenae Oxon., vol. i, p. 32'J.
110 ROLL OF THE [1596
summoned before the College of Physicians for illegal
practice, was fined, and then, undergoing the usual ex-
aminations, was approved, and on the 23rd December,
1596, admitted a Licentia,te. Wood''' tells us "that
he practiced his faculty with good success, and was in
his time accounted Coryphaeus Medici Gregis, and, as a
physician famous, so no vulgar poet. The works that
he hath written are many, but none were published till
after his death, the titles of some of which follow : —
Hymnns Tabaci sive de Paeto, libri duo. Lond. 8vo. 1627.
Cheimonopegnia. Lond. 1627.
Epistolse duffi de Isaaci Casauboni Morbi Mortisque Causa. At
the end of Casaubon's Epistles, as published bj Grouovius, 4to.
16B8.
'•' In the first of Charles I., when the plague raged in
London, he acted more for the public (by exposing his
person too much) than his own dear concern. Where-
fore, being deeply infected with that disease, he died
of it in his house in the parish of St. Benet Fincke,
in July or August, 1625, but where he was buried I
know not, unless in the church or churchyard of that
parish."
Richard Palmer, M.D., was born in London, and
educated at Cambridge. As a member of Christ Col-
lege he proceeded A.B. 1579, when, removing to Peter-
house, he commenced A.M. 1583. He was admitted
a Licentiate of the College 9th April, 1593, being then
only master of arts. Where or when he graduated
M.D. is not stated. He was admitted a Fellow 25th
February, 1596-7 ; was Censor 1599, 1600, 1605, 1608,
1611, 1612, 1616, 1617, 1619; Elect 9th April, 1616,
in place of Dr. Forster, deceased; Treasurer, 1621 to
1624 inclusive; Consiliarius, 1624; President, 1620.
He was certainly dead on the 19th April, 1625.
Dr. Palmer must have stood high in the estimation
of his contemporaries, for he and Dr. Giftbrd were
called to prince Henry, the eldest son of James I.,
* Athena3 Oxon., vol. i, p. 422.
1597] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. Ill
when the physicians in attendance were at variance
as to the treatment. The particulars are curious, and
may be here inserted from the " Desiderata Curiosa."
I may premise that Sir Theodore de Mayerne was first
physician to the King and Queen, and possessed of
their entire confidence. Dr. Atkins was also physician
to the King, and had recently been President of the
College, Dr, Hamond was physician in ordinary to the
prince himself, and Dr, Butler, who was famed as much
for his eccentricities as his skill, had been summoned
from Cambridge where he resided.
" 6th November, 1612. Dr. Atkins, a physician of
London, famous for his practyce, honestie, and learn-
inge, was sent for to assiste the rest in the cure. He
(the Prince) got worse, whereupon bleedinge was again
proposed by Dr. Mayerne and the favourers thereof,
alledging that in this case of extremity they must (if
they meant to save his life) proceed in the cure as
though he was some meane person. This was not
agreed to, and next day the physicians, chirurgeons,
and apothecary es seemed to be dismayed as men per-
plexed, yet the most part were of opinion that the
crisis was to be seene before a final dissolution. This
day a cock was cloven by the backe, and applyed to the
soles of his feete. But in vayne. Shortly after it was
announced that all hope was gone. His Majesty then
gave leave and absolute power to Dr. Mayerne to do
what he woulde of himselfe without advice of the rest ;
but the doctor did not, it seems, like this, for hee,
weighing the greatness of the cure, and the eminencye
of the danger, would not for all that adventure to doe
anythinge of himself Mdthout the advice of the rest,
saying that it should never be said in after ages that
he, had kylled the kynge's eldest sonne. Bleeding was
again proposed by Mayerne, but Drs. Hamond, Butler,
and Atkins could not agree about it, instead of which
they doubled and tripled the cordials. Then came to
assist the rest Dr. Palmer and Dr. GiflPard, famous phy-
sicians for their honestie and learninge. The result of
112 ROLL OF THE [1597
this consultation was dlascordium, which was given in
the presence of many honourable gentlemen." The pre-
scription, however, was of no avail, and the unfortunate
Prince died shortly after.
Daniel Celerius, a German, who is styled in the
Annals " Vir doctus et modestus," was admitted a
Licentiate 3rd June, 1597.
Thomas Hood, M.D., was educated at Trinity Col-
lege, Cambridge, of which house he was a fellow. He
proceeded A.B. 1577-8, A.M. 1581, and in 1585 had a
licence to practise physic from the university. In
1590 he was residing in Abchurch Lane, London.'^'
Subsequently he took the degree of doctor of medi-
cine, but in what university is not stated. He was
cited before the College, and having been examined by
the President and Censors, and approved, was admitted
a Licentiate 5th August. 1597. He was better known
as a mathematical lecturer and teacher in London, than
as a physician. He was the author of —
The Use of tte Celestial Globe in Piano, set foorth in two Hemi-
spheres, &c. 4to. London, 1590.
Pet. Ramas his Geometric translated. 8vo. London, 1590.
The Use of the Jacob's Staffe. To this is annexed
The Use of the Crosse Stafffi. 4to. London, 1590.
The Use of both the Globes, Cselestiall and Terrestriall, most
plainly delivered in forme of a Dialogue. 8vo. London, 1592.
The Mariner's Guide, set forth in form of a Dialogue, wherein
the Use of the plain Sea Card is briefly delivered. 4to. London,
1592.
A Regiment for the Sea, containing verie necessary Matters for
all sorts of Men and Travellers, with a Discourse touching the five
several Wayes to Cattay. 4to. London, 1596.
The Making and Use of the Geometricall Instrument called a
Sector, whereby many necessarie Geometricall Conclusions may be
mechanically performed with great expedition, ease, and delight.
4to. Loudon, 1598. •
John Argent, M.D., was a native of Essex, bred at
Peterhouse, Cambridge, as a member of which he pro-
* AthenaD Cantab., vol. ii, p. 270.
1597] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 113
ceeded A.B. 1591. On the 25th February, 1596-7,
he was admitted a Licentiate, and on the 26th July,
1597, being then, as our Annals state, a doctor of
medicine of Cambridge, he was elected, and on the
16th September next ensuing actually admitted, a
Fellow of the College of Physicians. He was Censor
in 1601, 1602, 1605, 1606, 1607, 1610, 1612, 1614,
1616, 1619 ; Elect, 10th April, 1620, on the death
of Dr. Craige, senior; Consiliarius, 1623, 1634, 1635,
1636, 1637, 1639; and President, 1625, 1626, 1627,
1629, 1630, 1631, 1632, 1633. Dr. Argent died and
was buried at Broxbourne, in Hertfordshire, in May,
1643, to which place he had retired some years pre-
viously."""
Edward Jordan, M.D., was born at High Halden,
CO. Kent, in 1569, and was educated at Oxford, pro-
bably at Hart hall. He took his degree of M.D. at
Padua about the year 1591 ; was admitted a Licentiate
of the College of Physicians 7th November, 1595 ; and
a Fellow 22nd December, 1597. He subsequently
removed from London to Bath, where he spent the
remainder of his life; and, dying 7th January, 1632,
setat. 63, was buried in the Abbey church of that city.
Guidott terms him a learned, candid, and sober physi-
cian, and our Annals mention his examinations with
the highest encomiums. He was the author of —
A briefe Discourse of a Disease called the Suffocation of the
Mother, written upon occasion which hath beene of late taken thereby
to suspect possession of an evill spirit, or some such like super-
* Dr. Harney supplies us with the following sketch of Dr. Argent :
" Fuerat magnum Collegii nostri columen, aptusque adeo rebus
gerendis, ut pulvinaris honore reliquisque praesidendi omamentis
octies insignitus sit ; fuerat moderatione summa et ratione, simulque
statutorum religiosus vindex : fuerat idem dignitatis medicae cultor
minus negligens, postremusque Praesidum cum Foxio, qui in equis,
cum ephippiis suis, segrotos invisebant. Fuerat denique raemor
istius intervalh, quod ab negotiis hujus vitae, meditatio mortis sibi
vendicat ; eoque rus se contulerat, septem minimum annos ante
excessum, ibidemque sepnltus est."
VOL. I. I
114 ROLL OF THE [1598
naturall power, wherein is declared that divers strange actions and
passions of the body of man which in the common opinion are
imputed to the Divell have their true natural causes, and do accom-
panie this disease. 4to. Lond., 1603.
A Discourse of Natural Baths and Mineral Waters. 4to. Lend.,
1631.
Joseph Jeesop, M.D., was born at Sutton, co. Kent,
about 1561, educated at Eton, and elected thence to
King's College, Cambridge, in 1579 ; and as a member
of that house proceeded A.B. 1583, and A.M. 1587.
Being then, as our Annals state, a doctor of medicine
of Cambridge, of more than four years' standing, he
was, on the 22nd December, 1597, admitted a Fellow
of the College of Physicians. He probably died before
St. John Baptist day, 1604, for his name is not in the
College list of that date.
John Giffard, M.D., a native of Wiltshire, pro-
bably educated at Winchester, and a master of arts of
Oxford, was on the 8th May, 1598, admitted a Licen-
tiate of the College of Physicians, and on the 7th
December, 1598, was created doctor of medicine at
Oxford, as a member of New College. He was admitted
a Fellow of the College of Physicians on the 22nd of
the same month (December, 1598) ; was Censor in
1602, 1609, 1617, 1620, 1621, 1622, 1625 ; Elect, 10th
April, 1620, on the death of Dr. Lister; Treasurer,
1626, 1627, 1634, 1635, 1637, 1639, 1640 ; Consilia-
rius, 1632, 1633, 1635, 1636, 1637, 1639, 1640, 1641,
1642,1643, 1644, 1645, 1646; and President, 1628.
He died at an advanced age in 1647, and was buried in
the chancel of the parish church of Hornchurch, Essex,
on the 27th September in that year. Dr. Giffard was
the intimate friend and physician of Camden, the anti-
quary, and attended him during two very severe
illnesses — the one in 1609, the other in 1620. Both
were attacks of hsemoi'rhage, the latter hseraoptysis,
which went to such an extent that he was left (as we
axe told) in a manner dead and deprived of all sense.
1599] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 115
Dr. GifFard took from him seven ounces of blood, and
cured him of that attack ; but he was seized with
paralysis, 16th August, 1622, and, never recovering
from its effects, died very shortly after.'"
Thomas Gooch, M.D., a native of Suffolk, and a
doctor of medicine of Basle, of six years' standing, was
examined, approved, and on the 25th June, 1599,
admitted a Licentiate of the College of Physicians,
'* sed cum certis quibusdam conditionibus," the nature
of which is not specified in the Annals. Dr. Gooch
probably practised his profession in Norfolk. Among
the benefactors to the Children's or Boys' Hospital at
Norwich, we read, "1631. Tho: Gooch, M.D. of
Hellesden, gave lOOl. and another 100/. after the death
of Mary his wife."
Daniel Selin, M.D., was a Londoner, educated at
Magdalen College, Cambridge. He proceeded A.B.
1579, A.M. 1583; then removed to Christ's College,
and commenced M.D. as a member of that house,
1591. He was admitted a Fellow of the College of
Physicians 3rd July, 1599, but never filled any col-
* Dr. Harney draws Dr. Giffard's character in the following
words. "In vitae institute, sociis snis se semper digne dedit: senes
juvenesque reverentia et dignatione, atque omnes singalari modestia
devinciens : quippe ut raajorum natu famam sacrosanctam habebat :
ita juniorum laudes quam masime auctas cupiebat. Utque ipse
olim senum consilio atqne authoritate nixus faeliciter emerserat, ita
senex demereri juventutem, judicabat gratitudinis esse suae atqne
hnmanitatis. Hinc accersitus ad eegi^um, ne tyronis quidem medici
prius vocati operam, ullo unquam indicio visns est levare ; nee
officiose redire solitns nisi soUicitaretur : nee de industria preevertere
adventura alterius, aut mox agenda praspropere suggerere, quasi
socii opella facile cavendum esset, preeterquam ad scribendum ; aut
denique ullo modo per artes ab arte alienas, subdole laudem
lucramque aucupari ; quinimmo ne juvenis ullius opem, post suam
senis desiderari stomachabatur, noverat res ejusmodi rarius expendi
ad trutinam rectse rationis didicerat dudum, quam obstetrix aliqua,
compotrix nutrixve, quam ancillula aliquando, vel anicula momenta
versent horum negotiorum."
I 2
116 ROLL OF THE [l599
legiate office. He died, as we learn from the Annals,
on the 19th March, 1614-5.
Francis Herring, M.D., a native of Nottingham-
shire, educated at Christ's College, Cambridge, pro-
ceeded A.B. 1585, A.M. 1589. On the 3rd July, 1599,
being then a doctor of medicine of Cambridge of two
years' standing, he was admited a Fellow of the College
of Physicians. I meet with him as Censor in 1609,
1618, 1620, 1623, 1624, 1626, 1627. He was named
an Elect 5th June, 1623, in place of Dr. John Frier,
deceased, and himself dying in the early part of 1628,
was succeeded as Elect by William Clement, M.D. He
was the author of —
Poema Gratulatorium in Ingressum R. Jacobi, 4to. Lond.
1603.
A Modest Defence of the Caveat given to the Wearers of Im-
poisoned Amulets, or Presei'vatives from the Plague. 4to- Lond.
1604.
Preservatives against the Plague, or Directions and Advertise-
ments for this time of Pestilential Contagion, &c. 4to. Lond.
1605.
Pietas Pontificis. 4to. Lond. 1606.
Robert Shereman, M.D., was born in Essex, and
educated at Trinity College, Cambridge, as a member
of which he graduated A.B. 1579, A.M. 1583. On the
2nd April, 1599, being then a doctor of medicine of
four years' standing, he was admitted a Licentiate of
the College of Physicians, and a Fellow the 7th Sep-
tember following.
John Craige, M.D., was born in Scotland, and was
the third son of the eminent lawyer. Sir Thomas
Craige, of Eiccarton, whose treatise De Feudis is
considered one of the noblest monuments of the legal
literature of Scotland. He graduated doctor of medi-
cine at Basle, settled in his native country, and
became first physician to James VI of Scotland.
Dr. Craige accompanied that monarch to this country,
1604] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 117
on his accession to the throne of England, and was
here continued in the same office. On the 2nd April,
1604, he appeared before the College in his capacity of
physician in ordinary to the King, was examined,
approved, and elected a Fellow, and was promised admis-
sion as snch on the first vacancy that occurred. He
was at the same time sworn, and allowed all privileges,
as if already admitted. On the 25th June, 1604, on
the death of Dr. MufFett, he was actually admitted.
Dr. Craige was incorporated at Oxford, on his doctor's
degree, 30th August, 1605 ; was named an Elect
11th December, 1605 ; was Consiliarius in 1609 and
1617 ; and was certainly dead on the 10th of April,
1620, when Dr. Argent was chosen an Elect in his
place.
Dr. Craige was probably the person who gave
Napier of Murchieston the first hint which led to
his great discovery of logarithms. Wood"" tells us, that
" one Dr. Craig, a Scotchman, coming out of Den-
mark into his own country, called upon John Neper,
Baron of Murcheston, near Edinburgh, and told him,
among other discourses, of a new invention in Den-
mark (by Logomontanus as 'tis said), to save the
tedious multiplication and division in astronomical
calculations. Neper being soHcitous to know further
of him concerning this matter, he could give no other
account of it, than that it was by proportional num-
bers, which hint Neper taking, he desired him at his
return to call upon him again. Craig, after some
weeks had passed, did so, and Neper then showed him
a rude draft that he called ' Canon mirabilis Logarith-
morum,' which, with some alterations, was printed in
1614."
Dr. Craige attended king James I. in his last ill-
ness, but gave great offence at court, as we learn from
bishop Burnet, for entertaining and giving free ex-
pression to the opinion that his royal patient had been
poisoned. The facts as recorded afibrd a curious
* Athenae Oxon. vol. i, p. 469.
118 ROLL OF THE [1604
instance of the officious interference of friends in
medical affairs, and may be here inserted. " The
duchess of Buckingham^ the Tuesday before the king
died, would needs make use of a receipt she had ap-
proved, but, being without the privity of the physi-
cians, occasioned so much discontent in Dr. Craige,
that he uttered some plain speeches, for which he was
commanded out of court ; the duke himself, as some
say, complaining to the sick king of the words he
spoke." This aifah- gave rise to a notion that the
king had been poisoned, and Mr. Mead, in a letter to
Sir M. Stuteville, says, " I am told for certain that
Friday at night, 'till the hour of his death, his tongue
was swoln so big in his mouth, that either he could
not speak at all or not to be understood. Certain it
is that this plaster gave great ofience to the king's
physicians, and gave rise to a variety of reports."
From the account given of the plaster in the " Auli-
cus Coquinaria3," it was obtained from a country
doctor, who was not aware that it was intended for the
king. The examination of his majesty's body pre-
sented some curious appearances, and led to some
amusing remarks. Upon opening the head it was
found so very full of brains that they could not keep
them from spilling, " a great mark of his infinite
judgment ; " but " his blood was wonderfully tainted
with melancholy, and the corruption thereof was the
supposed cause of his death."
Matthew Gwinne, M.D., was born in London, but
descended from an ancient family in Wales, He was
educated at Merchant Taylors' school, and in 1574
was elected a scholar of St. John's College, Oxford, of
which house he afterwards became perpetual fellow.
In 1582 he was made regent master, and was appointed
to read lectures on music. He was chosen junior
proctor in 1588, and in September 1592, was the first
replier in a disputation held at Oxford for the enter-
tainment of queen Elizabeth. Having studied medicine
1604] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 119
ten years, he proceeded M.B. 17th July, 1593, and
the same day was actually created M.D. by virtue of
two letters from the chancellor of the university,
Thomas Sackville, lord Buckhurst. In 1595, by
leave of his college, he attended Sir Henry Unton,
ambassador from queen Elizabeth to the French court,
in quality of his physician.
On the foundation of Gresham college, Dr. Gwinne
was chosen its first professor of physic, he being one
of two nominated by the university of Oxford, and
having a further recommendation from the lord chan-
cellor Egerton. At the commencement of the lectures
in Michaelmas term, 1598, he began with an oration
in praise of the founder and the institution, which
with another, delivered m Hilary term following, on
the same subjects, was afterwards printed. Dr. Gwinne
was admitted a Licentiate of the College of Physicians
30th September, 1600 ; Candidate 25th June, 1604 ;
and Fellow, 22nd December, 1605. He was Censor
in 1608, 1609, 1610, 1611, 1616, 1620; Registrar,
22nd December, 1608, and again in 1627 ; Elect, 14th
February, 1623-4. He was appointed physician to
the Tower in the beginning of 1605. In August of the
same year, James I. with his queen and the whole
court, visited Oxford, and were entertained for three
days with academical exercises of all kinds. Among
the rest the two foUowing medical questions were pro-
posed for disputation.
" An mores nutricum a pueruhs cum lacte imbi-
bantur ? Negatur."
" An frequens suffitus nicotianse exoticae sit sanis
salubris ? Negatur."
The respondent was Sir William Paddy, the king's
physician, and the opponents Dr. Gwinne and others.
The king's inveterate dislike to tobacco is well known,
and Dr. Gwinne was politic enough to express his
sentiments fully upon that subject, when the trial of
skill was over. In the evening of the same day, a
Latin comedy, entitled " Vertumnus, sive annus re-
120 ROLL OF THE [1604
currens," written by Dr. Gwinne (and published by
liim in 1607), was acted at Magdalen College.'"' Dr.
Gwinne, in September, 1607, resigned his professorship
at Gresham college, probably upon marriage. After
this he continued to practise physic in London with
great reputation. In 1620 he was appointed one of
the commissioners for garbling tobacco — for the king,
full of suspicions of the weed, and attentive to the
health of his subjects, caused directions to be drawn
up for picking and sorting this commodity — in which
one of the faculty was, among persons of other pro-
fessions, to be concerned. Dr. Gwinne died in the
parish of St. Mary Magdalen, Old Fish Street, and as
Wood correctly states, in 1627, not as Ward would
have us believe, in or after 1639, and the time of his
death must have been October, or the early part of
November, for, at the general election for that year
(30th September, 1627) Dr. Gwinne was appointed
Registrar, and on 20th November, 1627, Dr. Fox was
appointed to that office '^ in locum defuncti D"^
Gwinne." The following works of Dr. Gwinne, in
addition to the two already mentioned, namely the
Vertumnus, and the introductory lectures at Gresham
college, are still extant :
Epicedium in obitum illustrissimi herois Henrici Comitis Der-
biensis. Oxon. 1593.
Nero, Trageedia nova. Lond. 1603.
Oratio in Laudem Musices, in Ward's Lives of the Gresham
Professors.
* " Vertumnus sive annus recurrens, Oxonii, 29 Augusti,
Anno 1605, coram Jacobo Rege, Henrico Principe, proceribus a
Johannensibus in scena recitatus, ab uno scriptus phrasi comica
prope tragicis senariis 4to. 1607." Malone in his notes to Macbetli
gives a curious account of a long search for the origin of the
Shakspeare idea of the witches in Macbeth, and finds it in this
interlude : he adds, " to the Latin play of Vertumnus by Dr.
Matthew Gwinne which was acted before the king by some of the
students of St. John's, we are indebted for the long sought for
interlude performed at St. John's Gate, for Dr. Gwinne has
annexed it to his Vertumnus."
1G05] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 121
Aurum non aurum, sive Adversaria in assertoren Chemi» sed
verse Medicinae desertorem, Fran. Anthonium, Lond. 1611.
Verses in English, French, and Italian.
A Book of Travels.
Letters concerning Chymical and Magical Secrets.
Ward gives the following summary of Dr. Gwinne's
character. " He was a man of quick parts, a lively
fancy, and poetic genius, had read much, was well
versed in all sorts of polite literature, accurately
skilled in the modern languages, and much valued
for his knowledge and success in the practice of
physic. But his Latin was formed upon a wrong
taste, which led him from the natural and beautiful
simplicity of the antients into points of wit, affected
jingle, and scraps of sentences detached from the old
authors, a custom which at that time began too much
to prevail both here and abroad. And he seems to
have contracted this humour gradually, as it grew more
in vogue, for his ' Oratio in Laudem Musices ' is not
so deeply tinged with it as his ' Orationes duse,'
spoken many years afterwards in Gresham college."
Thomas Rawlins, M.D., was a doctor of medicine
of Cambridge (Clare Hall), of 1599, and was admitted
a Licentiate of the College of Physicians 17th March,
1600. Having refused to pay the annual fees due to
the College, he was, on the 31st January, 1601-2,
interdicted practice. He soon, however, made his sub-
mission, and was admitted a Candidate some time in
1604, and a Fellow 22nd December, 1605.'"'"
* A difficulty had existed as to his admission to the fellowship,
hut this was removed by the following letter from the Archbishop
ol Canterbury :
" To my very loving friends, Mr. D. Langton, presid. of the
College of Phisitions, and the rest of the fellowshipp. — After my
very hearty com. Whereas I have heertofore written unto you,
that you should be very carefull whome you did hereafter admitt
into yo'" Societie, and that in no wise they should be either popish
Recusants or schismatical persons, w*^** I still insist upon, requiring
you to be careful in that behalfe ; yet, forasmuch as Mr. Rawlins,
whom I named in my former letter, hath since given me good
122 ROLL OF THE [1606
Edward Elwin, M.D., was born in Norfolk, and
educated at Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, of
which society he was elected a fellow in 1586. He
proceeded A.B. 1583-4, A.M. 1587, M.D. 1595, and
resigned his fellowship in 1598. He was admitted a
Licentiate, 20th December, 1602 ; a Candidate, 5th
October, 1604; and a Fellow of our College, 22nd
December, 1605. In 1609 he held the appointment of
physician to the royal household.
Thomas Percival was an Extra- Licentiate of the
College, but the date of his letters testimonial is not
recorded. He was summoned before the College 6th
July, 1606, for practising in London, when he pro-
duced his licence from the President and three Elects,
and was ordered to present himself at the next comitia.
There is no record of his having done so, and, as he
is not again mentioned in the Annals it is probable
that he forthwith returned to the country.
William Conway, M.D., a doctor of medicine of
Caen, in Normandy, who had some time before ob-
tained letters testimonial as an Extra-Licentiate (but
when is not stated and I meet with no earlier men-
tion of him), was summoned before the Censors' board,
1st August, 1606, and admonished to desist from
practice in London. Dr. Conway was incorporated
doctor of medicine at Oxford 14th July, 1612.
satisfaction in those things whereon I grounded my first dislike of
him, I can be contented that, notwithstanding my said former
letter, you do now show unto him yo'" lawfuU favour as his meritts
in his profession shall require. Aud, least the said Lre. remaining
in yo"" custody might be a staine heerafter to his reputation, I pray
you send the same unto me againe by this bearer, without any
farther publishing thereof : and keep this my second letter as a
testimony of my duty in requiring yo"" care as is aforesaid. And
so, referring the premises to yo'' grave consideration, I com'itt you
uuto the tuition of Almighty God. At Lambeth this xith of
Decemb. 1605.
" yo"" very loving frend. R. Cant."
IGOG] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 123
Jacob Domingo, M.D., was cited before the College
Gth December, 1605, for practising in London, when
he produced his letters testimonial as an Extra-Licen-
tiate. He appeared before the Censors' board, 5th
September, 1606, and having been examined and
approved, was admitted a Licentiate at the comitia
majora of the 1st October following.
Thomas Hearne, M.D., was a native of Lincoln-
shire, educated at Brasenose College, Oxford, as a
member of which he proceeded master of arts. He
graduated doctor of medicine at Padua (probably
incorporated at one of our own universities), was ad-
mitted a Candidate 25th June, 1604, and a Fellow of
the College 20th October, 1606. He was Censor in
1609. His name is often spelt Heron.
Sir Matthew Lister, M.D., was born at Thornton,
in Yorkshire, and educated at Oriel College, Oxford,
of which house he was a fellow. He took the degree
of doctor of medicine at Basle ; was incorporated at
Oxford, 15th May, 1605, and at Cambridge in 1608.
He was admitted a Candidate of the College of Phy-
sicians the 25th March, 1605, and a Fellow the 5th
June, 1607. He was Censor in 1608, and was ap-
pointed an Elect 10th May, 1625. Wood incorrectly
states that he at length became President. He was,
continues Wood, a retainer to Mary, the incomparable
Countess of Pembroke, whose estates he managed for
her best advantage ; physician to Anne of Denmark,
the consort of king James I, and physician in ordinary
to king Charles I, from whom he received the honour
of knighthood, at Oatlands, 11th October, 1636. Sir
Matthew Lister lived to extreme old age ; but several
years before his death, which occurred in December,
1656, get. 92, he had given up practice, left London,
and retired to Burwell, near Louth, in Lincolnshire,
where he was buried.'"
* " Matthgeus Lister, eques auratus et medicns celeberrimus,
124 ROLL OF THE [1607
William Harvey, M.D. — This distinguished phy-
sician, the greatest physiologist the world has seen,
and the brightest ornament of our College, was the
eldest son of Thomas Harvey, of Folkestone, Kent,
by his second wife, Joan, daughter of Thomas Halke,
of Haslingleigh, in the same county."" He was born at
Folkestone on the 1st or 2nd of April, 1578. His fathert
was a yeoman," yeoman Cantianus," in substantial cir-
cumstances, and brought up a large family, ten in
number, five of whom became merchants of note and
substance in the city of London. Our future physician
was placed, when ten years of age, at the Grammar
school of Canterbury, and there imbibed his preliminary
knowledge of Latin and Greek. In May, 1593, being
urbe et praxi relicta ; rus, otii honesti causa, concessit. Ibi nona-
gesimum vitae annum attigit, eamque demum Burwellas, in agro
Lincolniensi, satur omnium, omniumque in hoc libello, natu maxi-
mus finiit, decimo nono calend : Januarii 1656." Bustorum
aliquot Reliquiae authore Bald : Harney.
* H. B. Wilson's History of the Parish of St. Laurence
Pountney, 4to. Lend., 1831, where, at p. 228, there is a pedigree
of the Harvey family.
t Thomas Harvey, of Folkestone, the father of the discoverer of
the circulation of the blood, was born in 1549, and died 12th June,
1623, aged 74. He married first Jane, daughter of William
Jenkins, by whom he had an only child, a daughter, Julian, who
became the wife of Thomas Cullen, of Kent. Their two sons are
mentioned in their uncle, Dr. William Harvey's, will, and are left
one hundred pounds apiece. Thomas Harvey married secondly, on
the 21st January, 1576-7, Joan, the daughter of Thomas Halke,
of Haslingleigh, co Kent, and had by her seven sons and two
daughters, of whom the physician was the eldest. She died long
before her husband, on the 8th November, 1605, and is buried in
Folkestone church. On the flagstone over her is a brass, with the
following inscription :
A.D. 1605, Nov. 8. Dyed in ye 50th year of her age,
Joan, wife of Thomas Harvey : mother of 7 sons and 2 daughters.
A goodly harmless woman, a chaste loveing wife,
a charitable quiet neighbour, a cofertable friendly matron,
a prudent diligent huswife, a careful tender harted mother,
deere to her husband, reverensed by her children,
beloved of her neighbours, elected of God,
whose soule rest in heaven, her body in tliis grave,
to her a happy advantage, to hers an unhappy loss.
1607] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 125
then 16 years of age, he was entered a pensioner of
Caius College, Cambridge. "Gul. Harvey, filius
Thomae Harvey, yeoman Cantianus ex oppido Folkston,
educatus in ludo literario Cantuar. natus anDos 16,
admissus pensionarius minor in commeatum scholarium
ultimo die Maii, 1593." (Eeg. Coll. Caii Cantabr.) He
took the first degree in arts in 1597, and, having
selected physic for his profession, left Cambridge about
the year 1598, and, travelling through France and
Germany, betook himself to Padua, then the most
celebrated school of medicine in the world, Fabricius
ab Aquapendente was then professor of anatomy ; John
Thomas Minadous, professor of medicine, and Julius
Casserius, professor of surgery. The lectures of these,
and of the other eminent men who then adorned that
noble school, Harvey attended with the utmost dili-
gence. From the first he attracted the marked notice
of his teachers, who, high as was the estimate they
had formed of his abilities and attainments, were never-
theless surprised at the accuracy and extent of know-
ledge which he evinced in the examinations preparatory
to his doctor's degree, This was conferred upon him
25th April, 1602, and his diploma, which is among the
MSS. of the College,'"' bears the following extraordinary
terms of approbation ; "in quo quidem examine adeo
mirifice et excellentissime se gessit, talemque ac tantam
ingenii, memorise, et doctrinae vim ostendit, ut expec-
tatione, quam de se apud omnes concitaverat, longis-
sime superata, a prsedictis exc"^^ doctoribus unanimiter
et concorditer, cunctisque sufFragiis, ac eorum nemine
penitus atque penitus discrepante aut dissentiente, nee
hesitante quidem, idoneus et sufficientissimus in artibus
et medicina fuerit judicatus."
Harvey then returned to England, was incorporated
at Cambridge, and, settling in London, in November,
1604, married a daughter of Dr. Launcelot Browne, a
fellow of the College, and physician to queen Eliza-
* It was presented to the College by Mr. Beauvoir, of Canter-
bury, 30th September, 1766.
12G ROLL OF THE [1607
betli. He was admitted a Candidate of the College of
Physicians 5th October, 1604, and a Fellow 5th June,
1607. On the 25th February, 1608-9, having been
strongly recommended by the king (James I.), by
Dr. Atkins, the President, and several senior fellows
of the College, Harvey was elected physician to St. Bar-
tholomew's hospital. The appointment at this time
was by way of reversion, and was to take effect on th©
resignation or decease of Dr. Wilkinson, who then
filled that office. Dr. Wilkinson died in the following
summer, and Harvey was formally installed in the
active duties of his office on the 13th October, 1609.
He was Censor in 1613, and again in 1625, 1629.
In 1615 (the week after St. Bartholomew's day) he
was appointed Lumleian lecturer, an office then held
not for a definite period only, but for life. Harvey
commenced his lectures in April, 1616, and is generally
supjDosed to have expounded on this occasion those
original and complete views of the circulation of the
blood, which have rendered his name immortal.
Harvey's MS. notes of these lectures " Prselectiones
anatomicse universales per me Gulielmum Harveium^
medicum Londinensem, anatom. et chirurg. professor.
Anno Dom. 1616, setatis 37 : prselect. April, 1617,"
are in the British Museum. "''■ It was not, however,
until 1628 that he gave his views to the world at
large, in his celebrated treatise entitled "Exercitatio
Anatomica de Motu Cordis et Sanguinis :" 4to. Francof.
ad Moen., having then, as he states in the preface,
for nine years and more, gone on demonstrating the
subject before his auditory^at the College of Phy-
sicians, illustrating it by new and additional argu-
ments, and freeing it from the objections raised by
the skilful among anatomists. He continued his lec-
* This MS. was in the British Museum in 1766, when Dr. Law-
rence wrote the Life of Harvey prefixed to the College edition of
Harvey's works, but it had long been mislaid, as was stated by
Dr. Willis in 1847, and by Dr. Rolleston in his Harveian Oration
of 1873, pp. 70, 71, and has only recently been recovered.
1607] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 127
tnres for many successive years ; in 1630 and probably
in 1631 they were interrupted by his attendance on
the Duke of Lenox '' in his travels beyond the sea."
They were undoubtedly so ' for some consecutive years
anterior to the surrender of Oxford to the parliamen-
tary forces (July, 1646), when Harvey was in close
attendance on the king, and was, moreover, engaged
in the performance of his duties as warden of Merton
College. To Harvey the College of Physicians stands
indebted, for enforcing, by expensive legal proceedings,
the due payment of the lecturer's salary from the
heirs of Lord Lumley. Under date 24th November,
1640, I find the following entry in the Annals : —
" Dr. Harvey petit licentiam, ut, nomine CoUegii,
hasredes et successores illustrissimi Baronis de Lumley
in jus vocaret, pro recuperando salario chirurgico et
anatomico, ab eodem Domino concesso. Data est
venia," The political disturbances of the time, and
Harvey's absence with the king, probably prevented,
his carrying out his object. The next memorandum
having reference to this subject is the following : —
" Maii ultimo, 1647. A letter was read from Dr. Har-
vey, where he desired the College to grant him a letter
of attorney to one Thomson to sue for the anatomical
stipend. It was presently generally granted, and
shortly after sent him under the common seal." From
a MS. of Dr. Goodall's in the College,'" we gather that
Harvey expended at least five hundred pounds in
various suits on this subject, which, however, was not
finally settled till some time after his death, and then
at the expense of Sir Charles Scarburgh, his successor
in the lectureship.
Soon after Harvey's election as Lumleian lecturer
he was appointed physician extraordinary to James I.
The exact date of this appointment is not known, and
the statement made in most of the biographies of this
distinguished man rests on a letter from the king to
Harvey himself, dated 3rd February, 1623, in which
* MS. No. 178, f. 9.
128 ROLL OF THE [1607
it is spoken of as a thing foregone — that had taken
place some time before. Greater precision than this
is, however, attainable, and we may affirm without
hesitation that the appointment was already made in
1618. In that year the " Pharmacopoeia Londinen-
sis " was first published, and Harvey's name appears as
"Medicus Regius juratus." In 1623 (3rd February)
the king, as a mark of singular favour to Harvey,
gave him permission to consult with the ordinary
physicians concerning his health, and promised to
constitute him one of that number on the first
vacancy, which, however, did not take place for some
years, not until long after the death of James, and
when his son Charles I. had already occupied the
throne for some five or six years. Harvey was named
Elect 3rd December, 1627 ; Treasurer of the College
in 1628, and was re-elected in 1629 ; but on the 3rd
December of that year he resigned this office, having
been commanded by the king to attend the young
Duke of Lenox in his travels on the continent.
" 1629, Dec. iii. Hoc ipso die, congregatis Electis
in sedibus D. Harvey Thesaurarii, post splendidum
convivium, D''. Harvey petiit veniam abdicandi se
munere Thesaurarii, propter necessariam profectionem
mandatam ipsi ab Rege in partes transmarinas. Ita
ex consilio et consensu D. Prsesidentis et Electorum
accepta est renunciatio ejus." On the 21st January
following he announced his approaching departure to
the president and governors of St. Bartholomew's
hospital, who thereupon appointed a deputy to per-
form the physician's duties during his absence. Harvey
was probably absent from England about a year, or
rather more, and almost immediately after his return
was sworn in as physician in ordinary to the king
and to the kingr's household. I see in the Annals
under date 22 December, 1630, "cum Dr. Harvyejam
sit factus Medicus Regius ordinarius eoque nomine in
Collegio sit supernumerarius," and on the 4th April,
1631, that he had just then been appointed "Medicus
1607] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 129
Kegius pro hospitio regio/' and Sir James Paget, in his
" Records of Harvey," gives an extract from the
Journals of St. Bartholomew's hospital, 25th April,
1631, in which he is described as "late sworne Phi-
sicon in ordinary for his Ma'^ Household, w"' the yerly
stipend thereunto nowe belonginge,"'"'
Harvey's duties at court interfered with his attend-
ance at Saint Bartholomew's, and on the 19th January,
1632-3, the hospital court deputed Dr. Andrewes
(physician in reversion) to supply his place, it being
distinctly understood that Harvey should not thereby
be prejudiced in his yearly fee, or in any other respect
whatsoever. Harvey, as we learn from Aubrey, accom-
panied Thomas Howard, earl of Aiundel, in capacity
of physician, in the extraordinary embassy to the
emperor in 1636. He returned with the ambassador
at the end of the year, and was thenceforward fully
occupied by his attendance on the court. I meet with
but few notices of him in the Annals for some years
after this period, with none indeed but those ah-eady
* The following was copied by Mr. Peter Cunningham from the
Letter Book of the Lord Steward's Office : — " Charles R. Whereas
wee have beene graciously pleased to admit Doctor Harvey into
the place of Phisicon in Ordinary to our Royal Person our will
and pleasure is that you give order for the set'ling a dyett of
three dishes of meate a meale with all incidents thereunto belong-
inge upon him the said Doctor Harvey and the same to begin
from the seaventeenth day of July last past and to continue
during the time that the said Doctor Harvey shall hould and
enjoy the sayd place of Physicon in ordinary to our royall p'son :
for w*^^ this shal be your warrant. Given at our Court at White-
hall the vjth of December 1639. To our right trustie and wel
beloved Councillors Sir Henry Vane and Sir Thomas Jermyn
Knts Treasurer and Comptroller of our Household or to either of
them."
" In the same Collection of Letters and Warrants is a contem-
porary copy of a Royal Sign Manual Warrant, addressed to the
Comptroller of the Household, and dated ' at our manor of York
25 Sepf 1640 ' by which the King gives £200 a year to D"" William
Harvey for his diet. This was given in lieu of the three dishes
which in those troublous times were not easily obtained. York,
and 1640, and Charles I suggest a thousand reflections to the
reader of English history."—" Gent. Mag., 1850," p. 136.
VOL. I. K
130 ROLL OF THE [l607
quoted, having reference to his suit at law with the
heirs of Lord Lumley.
Harvey followed, for a considerable time, the for-
tunes of his master Charles I. ; was with him at the
battle of Edgehill 23rd October, 1642, and during the
engagement, as we are told by Aubrey, the prince and
the duke of York were committed to his care, when
" he withdrew with them under a hedge and tooke out
of his pocket a booke and read. But he had not read
very long before a bullet of a great gun grazed on the
ground neare him, which made him remove his station."
Harvey accompanied the king to Oxford after the
battle, and was there incorporated doctor of medicine,
7th December, 1642. In 164.5 he was, by the king's
mandate, elected warden of Merton college, in place of
Nathaniel Brent, who had withdrawn himself from the
office, had left the university, and taken the covenant.
This preferment, says Aiken, was merited by Harvey,
not only on account of his fidelity and services, but his
sufferings in the royal cause, for during the confusions
of the times his house in London was plundered of its
furniture, and, what was a much heavier loss, of his
papers, containing a great number of anatomical obser-
vations, particularly with regard to the generation of
insects. This was an irretrievable injury, and extorted
from him the following pathetic but gentle complaint : —
" Atque hsec dum agimus, ignoscant mihi niveee animse,
si, summarum injuriarum memor, levem gemitum effu-
dero. Doloris milii hsec causa est : cum inter nuperos
nostros tumultus, et bella plusquam civiha, serenissimum
regem, idque non solum senatus permissione, sed et
jussu, sequor ; rapaces qusedam manus non modo gedium
mearum suppellectilem omnem expilarunt, sed etiam,
quae mihi causa gravior querimonise, adversaria mea,
multoram annorum laboribus parta, e museo meo sum-
manarunt. Quo factum est, ut observationes plurimae,
prsesertim de generatione insectorum, cum reipublicae
literarise, ausim dicere, detrimento, perierint." Harvey
did not long possess the wardenship of Merton, for on
1G07] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 131
the surrender of Oxford to the Parliament, in July,
1646, he left the university, making way for the resto-
ration of Brent, and returned to London. He was now
68 years of age, and seems to have withdrawn himself
from practice, and from all participation in the royal
cause. He became the guest of one or other of his
brothers, now men of wealth and high standing in the
city, and it was at the country house of one of them,
that Dr. Ent visited him at Christmas, 1650, and after
much solicitation obtained from him the MS. of his
work on the generation of animals. " I found him,"
says Ent, " in his retirement not far from town, with a
sprightly and cheerful countenance, investigating, Uke
Democritus, the nature of things. Asking if all were
well with him — ' How can that be,' he repUed, ' when
the State is so agitated with storms, and I myself am
yet in the open sea ? And indeed,' added he, ' were not
my mind solaced by my studies, and the recollection of
the observations I have formerly made, there is nothing
which should make me desirous of a longer continuance.
But, thus employed, this obscure life and vacation from
public cares, which disquiet other minds, is the medi-
cine of mine.' " Ent goes on to relate a philosophical
conversation between them, that brought on the
mention of his papers on Generation, which the
public had so long expected. After some modest
altercation, Harvey b^^ought them all to hun, with
permission either to publish them immediately, or to
suppress them till some future time. "I went from
him," says Sir George Ent, " like another Jason in
possession of the golden fleece, and when I came home
and perused the pieces singly, I was amazed that so
vast a treasure should have been so long hidden, and
that, while others with great parade exhibit to the
world their stale trash, this person should seem to
make so little account of his admirable observations."
The work was published by Ent, the following year,
under the title of " Exercitationes de Generatione Ani-
malium, quibus accedunt qusedam de Partti, de Mem-
K 2
132 ROLL OF THE [1607
branis ac Tumoribus Uteri, et de Concept-,ione." 4to.
1651. This with his great work de Motu Cordis et
Sanguinis ; his two Disquisitions to Riolanus ; a short
report of the post 'mortem examination of Thomas
Parr ; ^' and a few letters to Caspar Hofman, Slegel,
Nardi, Morison, and Horstius in explanation or defence
of his views, comprise the whole of Harvey's published
w^ri tings. But he is stated on good authority t to have
written —
Observationes de nsu Lieiiis,
Observationes de Motu locali,
Tractatum Pliysiologicum,
Observationes Medicinales,
De Amore, Libidine, et Coitu Animalium,
none of which are known to be now in existence. They
were probably either lost when their author's lodging
in Whitehall was plundered during the civil wars, or
destroyed when the College of Physicians, to whom
Harvey bequeathed all his " bookes and papers," was
burnt in the great fire of 1666.| There are, however,
two unpublished MSS. of Harvey's in the British
Museum. One of these, the " Anatomia Universa,"
comprising notes for his Lumleian lectures, has been
already alluded to. The other MS. entitled by Sir Hans
Sloane, " Gulielmus Harveius de Musculis, Motu locali,
&c.,"§ is possibly the same as the " Observationes de
Motu locali " mentioned above. Of it an interestino-
account has been given by the present Kegius Professor
of Physic at Cambridge, Dr. Paget, in his " Notice of
* This account first appeared in the Treatise of John Betts,
M.D., " de Ortu et Natura Sanguinis." 8vo. Loud. 1669 ; the MS.
having been presented to Dr. Betts by Mr. Michael Harvey, nephew
of the author, with whom Betts was on terms of intimacy.
t Guilielmi Harveii Vita, prefixed to the College edition of
Harvey's works. 4to. Lond. 1766, pp. xxxi-ij.
X In the inventory which Dr. Merrett, the then Library keeper,
gave in on the 22nd October, 1667, of the things saved from the
fire, there is no mention of any MSS., and the few books then in
his custody are specified.
§ No. 486, in Ayscough's Catalogue.
1607] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 133
an Unpublished Manuscript of Harvey," 8vo. Lond.
1850.
From this period to the time of his death, the chief
object which occupied the mind of Harvey was the
welfare and improvement of the College of Physicians.
At an extraordinary comitia, held 4th July, 1651, the
President, Dr. Prujean, read to the assembled felloAvs,
from a written paper, the following proposition : " If
T can procure one that will build us a library, and a
repository for simples and rarities, such a one as shall
be suitable and honorable to the College, will you
assent to have it done, or no, and give me leave, and
such others as I shall desire, to be the designers and
overlookers of the work, both for conveniency and
ornament ? " This offer was too handsome to meet with
other than immediate acquiescence, and, as the Annals
express it, " super hac re prompte grateque itum est
ab omnibus in suffragia." Whether m the course of
building the name of the illustrious benefactor tran-
spired we know not, but on the 22nd December, 1652,
and before the works were completed, the College tes-
tified then- regard for Harvey, in a manner as honor-
able to themselves, as it must have been gratifying to
him. They voted the erection of his statue""' in their
hall, with the following inscription : —
GULIELMO HaRVBIO,
Viro monumentis suis immortali,
hoc insuper Collegium Medicorum Londinense
posuit.
Qui enim sanguini motum
ut et
Animalibus ortum dedit, meruit esse
stator perpetuus.
On the 2nd February, 1653-4, by the invitation of
Dr. Prujean the President, and Dr. Smith one of the
Elects, to whom had been confided the superintend-
* It was as we learn from Harney in the cap and gown of his
degree, " statua ejus pileata et togata, marmorque incisum^ epita-
phium, in suo apud nos, musseo." — Bustorum aliquot Eeliqui^.
134 ROLL OF THE [1607
ence of the works, the fellows attended at the College,
when the doors were thrown open, and Harvey, re-
ceivmg his assembled colleagues in the new museum,
made over to them, on the spot, the title-deeds and his
whole interest in the building.
" Die 2° Feb. 1653-4 (qui sine piaculo Fastis
nostris eximi nequit,) convenimus omnes, invitatu
j)ris Prujean Praesidis, et D"^ Smith Electoris : no-
bisque apertse sunt valvee in novum Harvsei Musseum.
Ubi munificentissimus senex, praesentia sua, gravique
ac grata oratione, testatus benevolentiam, et omnia
fausta precatus non dubitavit sese, uno momento,
exuere, nobisque illud integrum, condignaque supel-
lectili ornatum, dare ac dicare, quod vix aliquot annis,
in summa impensarum promptitudine, et quotidiana
operarum copia, ad culmen perductum est. Meri-
tissime ergo, postquam dixisset, adsurrexit ei clarissi-
mus noster Prseses, et verbis qusBsitissimis, cum
honorifica mentione D™ Harney, gratias eidem, om-
nium Collegarum nomine, retulit habuitque. Quem
statim excepit, cui id muneris a Prseside datum,
D' Ent ; qui, qua facultate pollet, commodissime quae
cogitet, exprimendi ; rem ita totam verbis assecutus
est, ut, illo audito, Prytanaei nostri splendor et sta-
bilitas : Prujeani et Smithi nostri suada et cura :
Harvaei nostri sumptus studiumque : et Hamaei vestri
substratum solum, quantumvis caeco illucessere po-
tuissent : oculis, inquam, omnes tantisper haud
gravate carere potuissemus ; dum ad animum cuj us-
que per aures tarn plana ac plena mearet declamante
illo gestorum narratio ; nisi quis forsan, ad volupta-
tem augendam et ad fidem potius in miniis consueta
operis praestantia firmandam, quam ad rei intellectum,
alteram sensuum testem desideraret." This important
addition to the C(jllege was, as we learn from Aubrey,
" a noble building of Poman architecture (of rustic
work with Corinthian pilasters,), comprising a great
parlour, a kind of convocation room for the fellows to
meet in below, and a library above." On the outside.
1607] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 135
on the frieze, in letters three inches long, was this
inscription, " Suasu et cura Franc. Prujeani Prgesidis
et Edmundi Smith Elect : inchoata et perfecta est hsec
fabrica a.d. mdclii."
On the 30th September, 1654,'"' the College, in recog-
nition of their obhgations, elected Harvey, in his
absence, to the office of President, and, proroguing
the comitia to the following day, deputed two of the
Elects, Dr. Alston and Dr. Harney, to wait upon him
and inform him of his election. " Every act of Harvey's
public life that has come down to us is marked," as
Dr. Willis observes, *' not merely by propriety but by
grace." Harvey attended at the adjourned meeting,
and in a handsome speech returned thanks for tbe high
honour which had been done him, but respectfully
declined the office on account of his age and intirmities ;
at the same time he recommended the re-election of
Dr. Prujean, under whose auspices the affairs of the
College had greatly prospered, a suggestion which was
at once unanimously compHed with. Dr. Prujean,
immediately after his election, nominated Harvey one
* Non multo post, quantumvis absens, nominatur D*^. Harvey,
inq : prassiclem eligitur, plurium tamen votis quam vocibus ; cum
ob viri grandem Eetatem, voluntatemque alias perspectam, irritum
fore hunc conatRm non unus cognosceret. Nee ultra itum est hodie :
placuit solum quid actum, esset, significere revocatis Sociis ; quique
id facerent D""' Harvey legare D''®* Alston et Hamey : nee solvere
comitia sed in proximum diem Jovis prorogare.
Quo tempore, supra prius recensitos comparuerunt D'"^^ Harvey
et Salmon : sed distinebantur alibi D"* Goddard, King, Stanley,
Merrett, D' Wright fiduciariam ut ante, sedem occipat et Socii reli-
qai suam : quibus omnibus Harvseus, serena f route gratias egit
coUatae in se uuperae dignitatis, qua se renunciatum non magis
Collegii hujus prgesidem, quam medicorum omnium apud Anglos
principem, gratissime agnoscebat. Deprecari tamen boc manus ob
valetudinem ac ^tatem prsecipue ; obnixeque rogare, ut, si D""* Ex-
prseses ad id exorari posset ilium denuo in pr?esidem, eligerent, ut
cujus bortatu et consilio bactenus, usus esset in I'ebus Collegii
augendis ; eodem gaudere imperioque ejus liceret, donee reliqua,
qu£e priora (volente Deo) sequatura mox essent, in commune com-
modum stabilirentnr. Sic rursus preesidis officium in D''"" Prujean
omnium calculis devolvitur." Annales, 30° Septemb., 1G54;.
136 ROLL OF THE [1607
of the Consiliarii, an office which he did not refuse to
accept, and to which he was re-appointed in 1655 and
1656.
Harvey still retained his Lumleian lectureship, the
duties of which he conscientiously discharged to the
last. His life, already prolonged beyond the span
allotted to man, and liis waning powers yet further
broken by repeated and severe attacks of illness, warned
him of his approaching end. He had lived to see his
grand discovery of the circulation of the blood univer-
eally accepted, " and inculcated as a canon in most of
the medical schools of Europe ;" and he is said by
Hobbes to have been " the only one that conquered
envy in his lifetime, and saw his new doctrine every-
where established," " Har veins solus quod sciam, doctri-
nam novam superata invidia vivens stabilivit." Harvey
now prepared for the great change awaiting him, and,
m July, 1656, resigned his lectureship, took his leave
of the College, and, in so doing, manifested the same
zeal for its prosperity as had marked the whole of his
former life. On this occasion he put the crowning act
to his munificence by giving to the College in perpetuity
his patrimonial estate at Burmarsh, in Kent, then
valued at 56^ per annum. " Com. minora extraord.
xxviii. Julii, 1656. Nam quatridub ante, munificus
senex Dr. Harvey, fastis nostris honorifice semper com-
memorandus, prsemissa eleganti oratione, patrium
prsedium (quod illi hsereditate obvenerat) Collegii usi-
bus in perpetuum addixit ; oblatis earn in rem instru-
mentis publicis. Prselegendi quoque munus (quod
multis annis summo cum honore obierat) in D'^™ Scar-
burgh transtulit ; totumque insuper sodalitium, una
cum amicis aliquot aliis, magnifico epulo excepit.
Eoque nomine, in illius laudem a D^ Prseside D^® Alston,
atque etiam a D''® Emilie et D"^^ Scarburgh, concmne ac
nervose peroratum est."
Harvey did not long survive ; but, worn down by
repeated attacks of gout, died 3rd June, 1657.'"' His
* Hamey thus quain." records this event: " Guilielnii Harvjei
1607]
ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 13 7
body was followed far beyond the city walls by a large
number of the Fellows of the College,'" " He was
buried," says Aubrey, " in a vault at Hempstead, in
Essex, which his brother Eliab had built ; he was lapt
in lead, and on his breast, m great letters, his na.me,
Dn. William Harvey, "t On a tablet in the church
we read as follows : —
GULIBLMUS HaRV^US,
Cui tam colendo Nomini assurgtint omnes Academise ;
Qui diurnum Sanguinis Motum post tot Annorum
Millia primus invenit ;
Orbi Salutem, Sibi Immortalitatem
Consecutus.
Qui ortum et generationem Animalium solus omnium
a Pseudophilosophia liberavit:
Cui debet
quod sibi innotuit humanum Genus, seipsam Medicina.
Seren Majest. Jacobo et Carolo Britannorum Monarch is
Archiater et clarissimus,
Collegii Med. Lond. Anatomes et Chirurgiae Professor
assiduus et felicissimus :
Quibus illustrem construxit Bibliothecam
suoque dotavit et ditavit Patrimonio.
Tandem
post triumphales
contemplando, sanando, invenieudo
sudores,
varias domi fb risque statuas,
quiim totum circuit Microcosmum
Medicinse Doctor et Medicorum,
improles obdormivit
III Junii anno Salutis mdclvh, ^tat. Ixxx,
annorum et famse satur.
Resurgemus.
fortunatissimi anatomici desiit sanguis moveri tertio Idus Junii,
'57 cujus alioqui perennem motum in omnibus verissimeasserverat."
Bustorum aliquot Reliquire.
* " Comitia solenuia trimestria 25° Junii, 1657. Monentur Socii,
ut togati prosequi velint exequias funeris D"* Harvrei, postero die
celebrandas."
t Attention having been directed to the condition of Harvey's
tomb and remains at Hempstead, the College, at the comitia majora
extraordinaria, held the 13th May, 1859, deputed two of the Fellows,
Dr. Richard Quain and Dr. Stewart, to make all necessary inquiries
138 ROLL OF THE [1607
In his will Harvey yet farther testified his affection
for the College. " Touching my bookes and house-
holdstuffe, pictures, and apparell, of which I have
not already disposed, I give to the Colledge of Physi-
cians aU my bookes and papers, and my best Persia
long carpet, and my blue satin imbroyedyed cushion,
respecting the same, and to report thereon to the College. These
gentlemen visited Hempstead, on Thursday, 9th June, 1859, and .
from their report, which was read to the College on the 14th July
following, I extract the following interesting particulars : —
" We found that the tomb, which contains the remains of Harvey,
is a large apartmfent, the ceiling of which is raised a few feet above
the floor of the church. In this chamber we found forty-six coffins
placed on the floor, more or less ii'regularly. Light and air were
freely and abundantly admitted to the vault by three open-grated
windows. The leaden coSin which contains Harvey's remains we
found placed in the more distant part of the vault, in the centre of
a row of twelve other coffins, all similar in form and structure.
The coffin of Harvey, easily recognised by his name, which appears
in raised letters in the usual situation, is placed immediately beneath
one of the open windows. The coffins placed in this row are all
peculiar in shape ; they most closely resemble Egyptian mummy
oases, even to the extent of presenting a delineation or mask of the
features. Several of these cases or coffins have collapsed in part,
leaving a concave or well-like upper surface. This is the case in a
marked degree in the coffin of Harvey. The result has been, that
the rain, beating through the open window, exposed to the south-
east, has accumulated in the well-shaped hollow on the upper sur-
face, and passed thence into the coffin through a fissure situated
towards the feet. At the time of our visit, certainly the lower third,
and most probably the whole coffin, was filled with dirty water.
The attendant told us that, to the best of her belief, the coffin had
been in its present state for many years.
" With a view to remedying this state of things, which should no
longer be suffered to exist, we recommend that means be taken to
remove the water ; that the coffin be repaired, and that, being
removed to a less exposed situation in the vault, it be inclosed in an
open stone case."
The President, Dr. Mayo, in compliance with a vote of the
College, having communicated the substance of the report to the
present representatives of the Harvey family, requested that the
College of Physicians might be permitted to undertake the duty of
adopting the measures therein recommended for the better preser-
vation of the remains of their great benefactor. Such permission
was withheld, and, after some considerable delay, Dr. Mayo was
informed that the necessary repairs had been carried out by the
family.
1607] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 139
one pair of brass and irons, with fireshoveJl and tongues
of brasse, for the ornament of the meeting room I
have erected for that purpose. Item, I give my velvet
gowne to my lo. friend Mr. Doctor Scarburgh, desiring
him and my lo. friend Mr. Doctor Ent to looke over
those scattered remnants of my poore librarie, and
wliat bookes, papers, or rare collections they shall
thinke fit to present to the Colledge, and the rest to
be sold, and with the money buy better."
" In person," says Aubrey, who knew him well,
and was one of those who bore his coffin into the
vault at Hempstead, " Harvey was not tall, but of the
lowest stature ; round-faced, olivaster (like wainscot)
complexion, little eye- — round, very black, full of
spirit — his hair black as a raven, but quite white
twenty years before he died."
" The private character of this great man,"' says
Aiken,'" " appears to have been in every respect worthy
of his public reputation. Cheerful, candid, and up-
right, he was not the prey of any mean or ungentle
passion. He was as little disposed by nature to
detract from the merits of others, or make an osten-
tatious display of his own, as necessitated to use such
methods for advancing his fame. The many antago-
nists whom his renown and the novelty of his opinions
excited were in general treated by him with modest
and temperate language, frequently very different from
their own ; and while he refuted their arguments, he
decorated them with all due praises. He lived on
terms of perfect harmony and friendship with his
brethren of tlie College, and seems to have been very
little ambitious of engrossing a disproportionate share
of medical practice. In extreme old age, pain and
sickness were said to have rendered him somewhat
irritable in his temper ; and as an instance of want of
command over himself at that season, it is related
* Biographical Memoirs of Medicine in Great Britain. 8vc.
Loncl. 1780, p. 298.
140 ROLL OF THE [1607
that in the paroxysms of the gout he could not be
prevented from plunging the affected joint in cold
water ; but who can think it strange that when his
body was ahnost worn down, the mind should also be
debilitated ? It is certain that the profoundest vene-
ration for the Great Cause of all those wonders he was
so well acquainted with appears eminently conspicuous
in every part of his works. He was used to say that
he never dissected the body of any animal without
discovering something which he had not expected or
conceived of, and in which he recognised the hand of
an all-wise Creator. To this particular agency, and
not to the operation of general laws, he ascribed all
the phenomena of nature. In familiar conversation,
Harvey was easy and unassuming, and singularly clear
in expressing his ideas. His mind was furnished with
an ample store of knowledge, not only in matters
connected with his profession, but in most of the
objects of liberal inquiry, especially in ancient and
modern history, and the science of politics. He took
great delight in reading the ancient poets, Virgil in
particular, with whose divine productions he is said
to have been sometimes so transported as to throw
the book from him with exclamations of rapture. To
complete his character, he did not want that polish and
courtly address which are necessary to the scholar who
would also appear as a gentleman."
" Harvey, in his own family circle, must have been
affectionate and kind — characteristics of all his brothers
— who appear to have lived together through their
lives in perfect amity and peace. But our Harvey's
sympathies were not limited to his immediate rela-
tives : attachment, friendship was an essential ingre-
dient in his nature. His will, from first to last, is a
piece of beautiful humanity, and more than one widow
and helpless woman is there provided for. He seems
to have been very anxious to live in the memory of his
sisters-in-law and of his nephews and nieces, whose
legacies are mostly given to the end that they may
1607] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 141
buy something to keep in remembrance of him. We
cannot fancy that Harvey was at any time very eager
in the pursuit of wealth. Aubrey tells us that ' for
twenty years before he died he took no care of his
worldly concerns ; but his brother Eliab, who was a
very wise and prudent manager, ordered all, not only
faithfully but better than he could have done for Jjim-
self,' The effect of this good management was that
Harvey lived, towards the end of his life, in very easy
circumstances. Having no costly establishment to
maintain, for he always lived with one or other of his
brothers in his latter days, and no family to provide
for, he could afford to be munificent, as we have seen
him, to the College of Physicians, and at his death he
is reported to have left as much as twenty thousand
pounds to his faithful steward and kind brother Eliab,
who always meets us as the guardian angel of our
anatomist; in a worldly and material point of view.
Honoured be the name and the memory of Eliab
Harvey for his good offices to one so worthy ! Though
of competent estate, in the enjoyment of the highest
reputation, and trusted by two sovereign princes in
succession, Harvey never suffered his name to be
coupled with any of those lower grade titles that were
so freely conferred in the time of the First and Second
Charles. When we associate Harvey's name with a
title at all, it is with the one he fairly won from his
masters of Padua ; by his contemporaries he is always
spoken of as Dr. Harvey ; we, in the present day,
rightly class him with our Shakespeares and our
Miltons, and speak of him as Harvey. Harvey, indeed,
had no love of ostentation or display. The very build-
ings he erected were built at the suggestion and under
the auspices of others."
" In Harvey the religious sentiments appear to have
been active ; the exordium to his will is unusually
solemn and grand. He also evinces true and elevated
piety throughout the whole course of his work on
Generation, and seizes every opportunity of giving.
142 ROLL OF THE [1G07
utterance to his sense of the immediate agency and
omnipotence of Deity. He appears, with the ancient
phikisophers, to have regarded the universe and its
parts as actuated by a Supreme and all-pervading
InteUigence. He was a great admirer of Virgil, whose
religious philosophy he seems, also, in a great measure,
to have adopted. Upon the purely Deistic notions of
antiquity, however, Harvey unquestionably ingrafted
the special faith in Christianity. In connexion with
the subject of the term of utero-gestation, he adduces
the highest recorded examples as the rule, and speaks
of ' Christ, our Saviour, of men the most perfect ; ' and
in his will he further ' most humbly renders his soul
to Him that gave it, and to his blessed Lord and
Saviour Christ Jesus.' "''"
The fine portrait of Harvey, by CorneHus Jansen, in
the library, engraved by Hall, closely corresponds to the
former part of Aubrey's description above quoted. It was
one of two portraits saved from the great fire of 1666.
The bust, which is also in the library, is supposed to
be by Scheemakers ; it was presented by Dr. Mead,
1st October, 1739 ; and in the College, in Warwick
lane, was supported on a bracket which was inscribed :
Hanc Magni illius Gulielmi Harveii senis octogenarii imaginem,
qui sanguinis circuitum pi-imus monstravit, medicinamque rationa-
lem, instituit, ad picturam arclietypam, quam in suo servat museo,
effictam, honoris causa liic ponendani curavit Richardus Mead,
Med. Reg. a.d. 1739.
On the 25th June, 1659, the College voted the
erection of a tablet to his memory : " Destinatur om-
nium sufir-agiis, D. Harvseo tabula honoraria, juxta
statuam ejus appendenda." The statue and inscription
were destroyed in the great fire ; but a copy of the
latter, on copper, was placed in the College in Warwick
lane, and is now in the lecture theatre at Pall Mall
East. It conveys so much information that, though
long, it ought not to be omitted :
* Willis's Life of Harvey, prefixed to his ti'anslation of Harvey's
Works for the Sydenham Society, p. Ixxvi.
1607]
PtOYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 143
GULIELMUS HaRV^US,
Anglus natu, GalHee, Italias, Germanise hospes,
ubique amor et desiderium,
quem omnis terra expetisset civem,
IVJedicinae Doctor, Coll Med. Lond. Socius et Consiliarius,
Anatomes, Chirurgiseque Professor,
Regis Jacobi Familiae, Caroloque Regi Medicus,
gestis, omissisque honoribus, clarus,
quorum alios tulit, oblatos renuit alios,
omnes meruit.
Laudatis priscorum ingeniis par,
quos honoravit maxime imitando,
docuitque, posteros exemplo,
nullius lacessivit famam,
veritati studens magis quam glorise ;
banc tamen adeptus
industria, sagacitate, successu nobilis.
Perpetuos sanguinis sestus circulari gyro,
fugientis, seque sequentis,
primus pi-omulgavit mundo.
Nee passus ultra mortales sua ignorare primordia,
aureum edidit de ovo atque pullo librum
albfe gallinge filium.
Sic novis inventis Apollineam ampliavit artem,
atque nostrum Apollinis sacrarium augustius esse
tandem voluit.
Suasu enim et cura DD. Dni Franc Prujeani Praesidis
et
Edmundi Smith Electoris
An MDCLIII.
Senaculura, et de nomine suo Museum horto superstruxit,
quorum alteram plurimis libris et instrumentis cbirurgicis,
alteram omnigena supellectili ornavit ac instruxit,
MediciuEe patronus simul et alumnus.
Non bic anbela substitit berois virtus, impatiens vinci,
accessit porro munificentiEe decus :
suasu enim et consilio D'" D'''^ Edv. Alstoni Prsesidis
Anno MDCLVI.
rem nostram angustam prius, annuo lvj. lib. reditu auxit,
paterni fundi ex as.se basredem Collegium dicens,
quo nihil illi clarius, nobisve honestius :
unde sedificium sartum tectum perennare ;
unde Bibliotbecario bonorarium suum, suumque Oratori
quotannis pendi :
unde omnibus Sociis annuum suum convivium,
et suum denique (quot menses) conviviolum Censoribus parari,
jussit.
144 ROLL OF THE [1G07
Ipse etiam pleno tlieatro gestiens se Haereditate exuere,
in manus Preesidis syBgrapliam tradidit :
interfuitq' orationi veterum benefactorum, novorumque illicio
et pliilotesio epiilo ;
illius auspicium, et pars maxima ;
hujus conviva simul et convivator.
Sic postquam satis sibi, satis nobis, satis glorise,
(amicis solum non satis, nee satis patrise), vixerat,
Cffilicoluru atria subiit
Jun : iii. MDCLVil.
Qnem pigebat superis reddere, sed pudebat negare.
Ne mireins igitur, Lector,
si quern marmoreum illic stare vides,
hie totam implevit tabulam :
abi et merer e alteram.
In 1 766 the College published a noble edition in quarto
of Harvey's works, Guilielmi Harveii Opera Omnia a
Collegio Medicorum. Londinensi : edita mdcclxvi. It
was edited with great care and accuracy by Dr. Aken-
side, the poet, and has prefixed to it an elegant life of
Harvey, in very choice Latin, from the pen of Dr. Thomas
Lawrence.
The College of Physicians possess some interesting
memorials of Harvey, two of which may be mentioned.
One, the whalebone probe or rod, tipped with silver,
with which he demonstrated the parts, in his Lumleian
lectures at the College. The other, consisting of six
tables of wood, upon which are spread the difFerent
blood-vessels and nerves of the human ijody, carefully
dissected out. These were probably prepared by
Harvey himself, and are presumed to have been used
by him in his lectures. They had long been carefuUy
kept at Burley-on-the-Hill, the seat of the earls of
Winchelsea, one of the ancestors of whom, the lord
chanceUor Nottingham, had married the niece of
Harvey. They were presented to the College in 1823
by the earl of Winchelsea, who expressed a hope that
these specimens of the scientific researches of Harvey
might be deemed worthy of their acceptance, and
thought that they couM nowhere be so well placed as
in the hands of that learned body, of which he had
1G07]
ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 145
been so distinguished a membei\"' They are carefully
preserved in the library, in glazed cases, in the centre
of the north gallery. Beneath them is the portrait of
Harvey ; above them is a marble tablet with the follow-
ing inscription from the pen of Dr. Francis Hawkins.
Tabellis hie positis affixi manent vasorum nervorumque
* 24tli March, 1823.
The following letter from my Lord Wiiichelsea, together with
the answer by the President, were read to the College :
Sir, South Street, Feb. 22, 1823.
I have in my possession some anatomical preparations which
belonged to the late Dr. Harvey, which I have great pleasure in
offering through you to the College of Physicians, in the hope that
they will consider them as worthy of their acceptance, and thinking
that these specimens of his scientific researches can be nowhere so
well placed as in the hands of that learned body of which he was
so distinguished a member.
I have the honor to be, Sir,
Your most obedient humble servant,
WiNCHELSEA.
To Sir Henry Halford, Bart.,
President of the Royal College
of Physicians.
My Lord, March 24, 1823.
I am desired by the Fellows of the Royal College of Physi-
cians assembled, to make their most respectful acknowledgments
to your Lordsliip, and to express their thanks in the strongest terms
for one of the most gratifying and valuable presents which the
College has ever received.
They trace, my Lord, in these interesting remains the first
steps by which physic was elevated to the dignity of a science ; and
though experience has made great improvements in the art of pre-
serving such curious and instructive objects, yet, viewed as speci-
mens of the earliest anatomical preparations ever made to illustrate
one of the most important discoveries ever disclosed to mankind
for its benefit, by the great master himself, who first expounded the
circulation of the blood, these relics are invaluable in the eyes of
the College, and will be preserved doubtless to the latest period of
their possible duration with religious care.
I am, my Lord,
with most respectful attachment,
your lordship's faithful servant,
Henry Halford,
President of the Royal College
To the Earl of Winchelsea, of Physicians.
VOL. I. L
146 ROLL OF THE [1608
rami, manu ipsius Harveii nostri ut omnino credibile est,
e corpore humano excisi ociilisque accurate siibjecti.
Comes Honorabiliss : de Winchelsea et Nottingham
Harveiorum sanguine oriundus, Tabellas has Harveianas
Collegio Reg. Medicorum Lond. A.S. mdcccxxiii
Henrico Halford Baronet to Prseside D.D.D. ut iis de-
mum custodibus committerentur quorum ex cathedra
sanguinis cursum perpetuo circuitu mirabihter actum
repertor ipse diserte docuit.
The life of Harvey has been often written — in the
General Dictionary, Historical and Critical, foho, Lond.,
1738 ; by Dr. Lawrence, in choice Latin, prefixed to
the College edition of Harvey's works ; by Aiken,
" Biographical Memoirs,'^ &c. ; and, lastly and most
ably, by Dr. Willis, jDrefixed to his translation into
English of Harvey's works, published by the Sydenham
Society. To each of these I have been largely in-
debted in the compilation of the precedmg sketch.
"William Clement, M.D., was educated at Trinity
College, Cambridge, and as a member of that house
proceeded A.B. 1590, A.M. 1594. On the 6th No-
vember, 1596, being then 27 years of age, he was
entered on the physic line at Leyden. He was a
doctor of medicine of Padua, was admitted a Licentiate
of the College of Physicians 6th September, 1605, a
Candidate 8th January, 1605-6, and a Fellow 5th June,
1607. He was Censor 1612, 1622, 1628, 1630, 1633;
was named an Elect 29th March, 1628, in place of
Dr. Herring, deceased ; and on the 3rd December,
1629, succeeded Dr. Fox as Registrar — an office which
he held till his death, on the 12th May, 1636.
Dr. Clement was physician to Christ's hospital.'"
* " Dr. Clemerit, socius, et seniornm non postremus, dolium
(quo suo fato, nescio) rimosum nactus potius quam vacuum, ten-
uioribus accensenclus, obiit 12 Maii, 1636." Bustoruxa aliquot
Reliquiae authore Bald : Hamej.
1608] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 147
Alexius Vodka, a Pole. He was admitted an Extra-
Licentiate 4th February, 1607-8, being licensed for
the counties of York, Lancaster, and other parts beyond
the Trent. He practised in the city of York, resided
in St. Saviour's parish, and was buried there 5th Sep-
tember, 1644. His wife, " M''^- Vadcoe/' had been
buried there 25th February, 1635-6.
John Hammond, M.D., was the son of John Ham-
mond, LL.D., a master in Chancery, commissary to
the dean and chapter of St. Paul's, and chancellor of
the diocese of London. He was educated at Trinity
College, Cambridge, and proceeded A.B. 1573-4,
shortly after which he was elected a fellow of that
house. He graduated A.M. in 1577, and on the 30th
August, 1630, was incorporated at Oxford, being then,
according to Wood, a doctor of medicine of Cambridge.
Dr. Hammond was physician to James I, and to his
eldest son, the prince Henry, the latter of whom he
attended in his last illness. He was admitted a Fellow
of the College of Physicians, 13th May, 1608. Henry
Hammond, the learned theologian, was the son of our
physician.
Simeon Fox, M.D., was the youngest son of John
Fox, the martyrologist, and was born in the year
1568, in the house of the duke of Norfolk. He was
educated at Eton, and at the age of 14 was elected to
King's college, Cambridge, of which house he subse-
quently became a fellow. He graduated A.B. 1587,
A.M. 1591, when, applying himself to the study of
medicine, he travelled into Italy, and proceeded doctor
of medicine at Padua. Keturning home he entered
upon military service, and was with Sir John Norris
and the earl of Southampton, in Ireland and the
Netherlands. In the last named he is said to have
been taken prisoner, and to have been detained for a
time at Dunkirk. He reached London in 1603, and
shortly afterwards commenced the practice of his
L 2
148 ROLL OF THE [IGO8
profession. Dr. Fox was admitted a Candidate of
the College of Physicians 30th September, 1605, and
a Fellow 25th June, 1608. He was Censor in 1614,
1620, 1621, 1623, 1624, 1625, 1631, 1632 ; Registrar
20th November, 1627, on the death of Dr. Gwinne ;
Treasurer 3rd December, 1629, on Harvey's resigna-
tion of that office; Anatomy Reader, 1630; Elect
22nd December, 1630, in place of Dr. Moundeford,
deceased; President 1634, 1635, 1636, 1637, 1638,
1639, 1640; Consiliarius, 1641. Dr. Fox concluded
an active and useful life on the 20th April, 1642, and
was buried in St. Paul's on the 24th of the same
month, close to the grave of Dr. Linacre.'" By will,
he bequeathed to the College 40^., to which his
nephew added another sixty, making together one
hundred pounds. On the 22nd December, 1656, the
College, on the proposition of Dr. Hamey, unani-
mously voted the erection of a marble bust to his
memory in the Harveian museum, on the pedestal
supporting which there was engraved, " Simeoni Fox,
suo ssepiiis Praesidi et Benefactori, hunc locum dedit
Collegium."t That statue was destroyed in the great
fire. A portrait of Dr. Fox was formerly in the College.
It was one of two pictures saved from the fire of 1666,
but has disappeared.
William Flud, M.D., of Oxford, was admitted
* Dr. Fox occupied tlie College House, " 1642 Apr. xxiv. In
^dibus Collegii celebratse erant exequiae E.V. Dni D™ Foxii,"
Annales.
t Dr. Hamey, in his Bustorum aliquot Reliquiee, gives us a long
and interesting account of his friend and colleague, Dr. Fox, the
concluding portion of which is all that my limits permit me to
transcribe :
" Patuit totum Foxium ad honesti normam factum esse, gravem
sine morositate, religiosum sine superstitione, magnificum sine
luxu, munificum sine commeraoratione, nitidum sine curiositate,
facundum sine tsedio, prudentem sine fraude, amicum sine fine,
opulentum sine injuria, caslibem sine mollitie, historicum sine
studio partium, poetam sine nugis, oratorem sine calamistris,
philosophum sine sophismatis, et medicum denique sine omni his-
trionia."
1609] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 149
a Candidate of the College of Physicians 25th June,
1608.
Leonard Poe, M.D., appears in our Annals as a
doctor of medicine of Cambridge. He had a mandate
22nd July, 13 James I, to be created M.D., but there
is no record of his having been actually admitted.
He had much of the habits and manners of an empiric,
for many years practised in London without a licence
from the College, and was in consequence rightly
suspected by his more orthodox professional brethren.
He had many influential friends among the aristo-
cracy, who interested themselves warmly in his behalf
and made frequent application to the College authori-
ties for his admission as a Licentiate, or that his
practice without a hcence might be tolerated. At
length, on the 13th June, 1596, the College, at the
earnest entreaty of the earl of Essex, granted him a
special but carefully worded hcence. He was per-
mitted to treat venereal, cutaneous, and calculous
diseases, gout and simple tertian ague ; but in all
other fevers, and in all severe diseases, he was bound
by the terms of his hcence to call to his assistance a
member of the College. For a time this seems to
have satisfied him ; but on the 31st January, 1605-6,
he made application to have his restrictions removed,
and prayed for a general licence. This, however, was
then refused ; but on the 11th December, 1606, letters
in his behalf having been received by the College from
the earls of Suffolk, Northampton, and Salisbury, his
licence was enlarged, and all former restrictions re-
moved. On the 26th June, 1609, having then received
the appointment of physician to the royal household,
and bringing letters from four distinguished noblemen
of the court, recommending him for admission as a
fellow, he was elected as such, and on the ensuing 7th
July (1609) actually admitted. So far as I can dis-
cover, he never held any office in the College, and left
no writings behind him. He was dead on the 4th
150 ROLL OF THE [1609
April, 1631, when Dr. Alston was elected a fellow in
his place.
Robert Fludd, M.D., or, as he styled himself in
Latin, Robertus de Fluctibus, was the second son of
Sir Thomas Fludd, treasurer of war to queen Ehza-
beth, and was born in 1574 at Milgate, in the parish
of Bearsted, Kent. He was entered at St. John's
college, Oxford, in 1591, and, having taken the de-
grees in arts, A.B. 3rd February, 1596-7, A.M. 8th
July, 1598, applied himself to medicine, and spent
almost six years in travelUng through the principal
countries of Europe. It was probably during these
peregrinations that he imbibed a taste for the Rosi-
crucian philosophy, of which he was ever after a most
strenuous supporter, and indeed almost the only one
who became eminent for it in this kingdom. On his
return to England, he accumulated his degrees in phy-
sic, proceeding M.D. as a member of Christchurch
16th May, 1605. He came before the College of
Physicians for examination in the early part of 1606.
His second examination, 7th February, 1605-6, does
not appear to have been altogether satisfactory to the
Censors, as is evident from the following memo-
randum : — " Secundo examinatur, atque etiamsi plene
examinationibus non satisfaceret, tamen judicio om-
nium visus est non indoctus, permissus est itaque illi
medicinam facere." With a large share of egotism
and assurance, a strong leaning -to chemistry, a con-
tempt of Galenical medicine, and let us hope a sincere
belief in the doctrines of the Rosie cross, absurd as
these are represented to have been, he seems to have
startled the Censors by his answers Avithin the College,
no less than by his conduct out of it, and was for some
time in constant warfare with the collegiate authori-
ties, and an object of deserved suspicion to his seniors
in the profession. On the 2nd May, 1606, there is the
following entry in the Annals : — " Delatum est ad
Collegium D"" Fludd multa de se et medicamentis suis
\
1609] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 151
chemlcis prsedicasse, medicos autem Galenicos cum
contemptu dejecisse ; Censores itaque in hunc diem
citari eum jusserunt. Interrogatus an id verum esset,
quod objectum est, confidentissime omnia negabat, et
accusatores requirebat ; qui quoniam non comparebant
dimissus est cum admonitione, ut modeste de se et
sentiret et loqueretur ; Socios autem Collegii reve-
reatur. Et ciim persolvisset pensionem a statutis
prsescriptam, admissus est in numerum Permissorum."
In the latter part of 1607 lie applied to be admitted a
Candidate and was thrice examined, viz., 7th August,
9th October, and 22nd December. On the latter day
we read, " D"" Fludd, examinatus, censetur dignus qui
fiat Candidatus." His evil star, however, again pre-
vailed, as we see from the following : — " 21 Mar.
1607-8. D"" Fludd, qui jam in Candidatorum nume-
rum erat cooptandus, tam insolenter se gessit, ut omnes
offenderentur ; rejectus est itaque a D° Prgesidente
cum admonitione, ut sibi, si sine Licentia practicare
pergeret, diligenter caveret." ■ On the 20 th September,
1609, he was admitted a Fellow of the College. He was
Censor in 1618, 1627, 1633, 1634.
" Dr. Fludd (says Aiken) was a very voluminous
writer in his sect, diving into the furthest profundities
and most mysterious obscurities of the Kosie-cross,
and blending in a most extraordinary manner di-
vinity, chemistry, natural philosophy, and meta-
physics. Such a vein of warm enthusiasm runs
through his works that we may readily suppose him
to have been a believer in the mystical jargon of his
system. He is said to have used a kind of sublime
unintelligible cant to his patients, which, by inspiring
them with greater faith in his skiU, might in some
cases contribute to their cure. There is no doubt, at
least, that it would assist his reputation, and accord-
ingly we find that he was eminent in his medical
capacity. His philosophy, however, whether owing
to the dawning of a more enlightened period in this
island, or a less natural taste for such abstruse specu-
152 ROLL OF THE [1610
lations in his countrymen, was received with less
applause at home than abroad. The celebrated Gas-
sen dus had a controversy with him, which shows at
least that he was not considered an insigfnificant
writer. As the Kosicrucian sect is now entirely ex-
tinct, I shall not trouble the reader with the long list
of his works given by Wood. They were mostly
written in Latin, and the largest of them, entitled
* Nexus utriusque Cosmi,' has some extremely singular
points in it which are only to be understood by a
second-sighted adept."'" Dr. Fludd died at his house
in Coleman-street, London, 8th September, 1637,
whence, attended by an officer or herald of arms, his
body was conveyed for burial to his native place,
Bearsted, Kent. His monument (which was after his
own design) is just within the communion rails. There
is a bust of him reading, and below the following in-
scription : —
Sacrum memoriae. ^
Claris : Doctissq : Viri Roberti Fludd P
alias " de Fluctibus " utriusq Medicinae
Doctoris, qui post aliquot annorum
perigrinationem. quam ad recipien-
dum, ingenii cultum in transmarinas
regiones fajliciter susceperat, patrige
tandem restitutus et in celeberrimi
Collegii Medicorum Londinensis
Societatem non immerito electus
vitam morte placide commutavit
viii die mensis vii'^'"'^ A Dni mdcxxxvii
setatis suae lxiii.
* Dr. Harney gives a sketch of this eccentric member of the
faculty in the following words : — " D"^ Flud, Collegii socius, splen-
dide satis vixit desiitque Septemb. 8, 1637. Is, praster morem
Collegarum, amanuensem domi et pharmacop^um semper aluit;
hunc medicamentis interdiu componendis difFerendisque, ilium ante-
lucanis cogitationibus excipiendis ; quorum altero invidiam sibi
non parvam conflabat : lucubrationibus autem, quas solebat edere
profussissimas, semper visus est plus sumere laboris, quam popu-
lares nostri volebant fructum, qui hunc fere negligebant prae legendi
taedio et pr^judicio quodam oleum perdendi operamque, ob caba-
1am, quam scripta ejus dicebantur olere magis quam peripatum ; et
ob ferventius hominis ingenium in quo plerique requirebant judi-
Misterium
Cabalisticum.
^
1610] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 153
f Magnificis hsec non sub odoribus nrna vaporat
{ Crypta tegit cineres nee speciosa tuos
Philosopbia J Quod mortale minus tibi te committimus unum
Ingenii vivent bic monumenta tui
Nam tibi qui sirailis scribit moriturq sepulchrum
Pro tota eternum posteritate facit.
Sacrf
<
Hoc monumentum Thomas Fludd Gore Courts
in Otbam apud Cantianos Armiger in felicissimam
charissimi Patrui sui Memoriam erexit die x
Mensis Augusti MDCXXXViii.
And on the flagstone covering his remains —
In Jesu qui mihi omnia in vita resui^gam.
Under this stone resteth ye body oi Ro-
-bert Fludd Doctor of Phisicke who chan-
-ged this transitory hfe for an immortal
the viii day of September a.d. mdcxxxvii
being LXiii yeares of age, whose monument
is erected in this chancell according
to the form by him prescribed.
There is extant a portrait of Dr. Fludd, engraved by
Cooper.
Baldwin Hamey, M.D., was born at Bruges in
1568, and studied at Leyden, where he was matricu-
lated 28th April, 1586, and where, after an unusually
extended course of study, he took the degree of doctor
of medicine with the highest applause. About this
time, the professors in that university were requested
to select from among their graduates a fitting person
for the office of physician to the Muscovite Czar, Theo-
dore Ivanowitz, and they nominated Dr. Hamey, who,
by the advice of his teachers and friends, was induced
to accept the appointment. He proceeded to Russia,
where he remained five years, and performed the
arduous and responsible duties of his office to the entire
satisfaction of the Czar. He returned to Holland in
1598, married at Amsterdam, and soon afterwards
settled in London. On the 12th January, 1609-10,
he was admitted a Licentiate of the College of Physi-
cians. Dr. Hamey died 10th November, 1640, of a
154 ROLL OF THE [1610
pestilential fever, "pleniis annis, honore. et amore,"
and on the 12th was buried in the church of Allhallows,
Barking, where a monument, with the following inscrip-
tion, from the pen of his distinguished son, Baldwin
Harney, M.D., wa^ soon afterwards erected : —
D. 0. M.
S.
Baldvinus Hamet,
post adeptum, summo cum honore,
apud Lugdunenses in Batavis,
supremum medicinae gradum :
post superata prima praxeos pericula,
tanta cum dexteritate et favore in Magni Muscovitarum Ducis
aula,
ut fegerrime dimitteretur,
dimissus semel iterumque per amplissimos legatos repeteretur :
post transactos apud Londinensis, non minori fidelitate quam
fselicitate,
quadraginta duos in eadem arte annos :
post totam vitam suam,
ciim morum simplicitate,
tum linguarum literarumque varietate nobilitatam :
tandem morti, de qua innumera prius tropaoa reportaverat,
in qualecunque trop^um, confecta eetate, cessit,
anno a se nato 72, in Christo 1640 :
tribus ex unica et unice dilecta uxore sua, Sara Oeils, relictis
liberis,
qui pietatis ergo lioc monumentum utrique Parenti posuerunt.
Dr. Hamey by his will left to the College twenty
pounds. His portrait, by Cornelius Johnson, was extant
in 1733, and then in the possession of his great-grand-
son, Ralph Palmer, of Little Chelsea, Esq.
Thomas Pattison, M.D., of Peterhouse, Cambridge,
A.B. 1594, A.M. 1598, M.D. 1606, was admitted a
Candidate of the College of Physicians 1st July, 1608,
and a Fellow 2nd April, 1610. He was Censor in
1617, and was certainly dead on the 28th November,
1622, when another fellow was elected in his place.
EicHAUD Andrews, M.D., was educated at Merchant
Taylors' school, and in 1591 was elected probationary
1610] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 155
fellow of St. John's college, Oxford, where he proceeded
M.B. 1st June, 1607, M.D. 1st June, 1608. He was
admitted a Candidate of the College of Physicians, 3rd
November, 1609, and a Fellow, 2nd April, 1610.
Dr. Andrews was Censor in 1613, 1617, 1619, 1621,
1629, and died, as we learn from Harney, 25th July,
1634. He was named physician to St. Bartholomew's
Hospital, 25th April, 1631, but his appointment was
to take effect only on the death or resignation of
Dr. Harvey.
" Curia tent' Lune xxv*^^ die April anno D'ni 1631, &c., &c.
Dr. Andeewes. — It is granted that Richard Andrewes, D' in
Physick, shall have the reversion, next avoidance and place of
phisic'on to tliis hospitall, after the death, resignac'on, or other
departure of D"" Harvey, now phisic'on to this hospitall, late sworne
phisic'on in ordinary for his Ma'^ Howsehold, w"^ the yerly stipend
thereunto nowe belonginge."*
Dr. Andrews did not live to succeed Harvey in this
office. He died on the 25th Jiily, 1634. "He had
improved himself much," says Wood, " in his faculty
during his travels beyond the seas," which afterwards
made him highly esteemed among learned men and
others, t
Thomas Lodge, M.D., was descended from a family
in Lincolnshire. He was educated at Merchant Taylors'
school, and in 1573 was entered a scholar of Trinity
college, Oxford. After he had taken the first degree
in arts, 8th July, 1577, he proceeded to London, asso-
ciated much with the poets of his day, became a fre-
quent writer, and, as Wood says, " was esteemed the
best for satyr among Englishmen. At length, his mind
growing more serious, he studied physic, for the im-
provement of which he travelled beyond the seas, took
the degree of M.D. at Avignon, and on the 25th Octo-
* See Records of Harvey, by James Paget, Lond. 8vo. 1846.
t " Doctorem Andrews scientia medica victuq ac cultu egregium
Collegam et Gulielmi Paddgei continuum maximeq familiarem mors
occupavit 25 Junii 1634." Hamey's Bustorum aliquot Reliquiae.
156 ROLL OF THE [1610
her, 1602, was incorporated at Oxford. He then
settled in town, and became much frequented in pra,c-
tice, especially by the Il<)man Catholics, of which
number he was by many suspected to be one, and was
as much cried up to his last for physic, as he was in his
younger days for his poetical fancy." Dr. Lodge was
admitted a Licentiate of the College of Physicians, 9th
March, 1609-10, and on the 1st January, 1611-12,
with other Licentiates, took the oath of allegiance to
the king at the College. His religion, probably, was
the cause of his not having been admitted a Candidate
or Fellow, to which his incorporation at Oxford would
otherwise have given him a claim. He resided first in
Warwick-lane, but shortly before his death, which
occurred in September, 1625, he had removed to the
parish of St. Mary Magdalene, Old Fish- street. He
was a very prolific writer, as may be seen from the fol-
lowing list given by Wood : —
Alarum against Userers, containing tried experiences against
worldly abuses. Lond. 4to. 1584.
History of Forbenius and Prisaeria, with Truth's Complaint over
England.
Enphues' Golden Legacy, found after his death in his cell at
Silexedra, bequeathed to Philautus' Sonnes, nursed up with their
Father in England. Lond. 4to. 1590.
The Woundes of a Civil War, lively set out in the true tragedies
of Marius and Scilla. Lond. 4to. 1594.
A Fig for Momus.
Looking-glass for London. An historical comedy.
Liberality and Prodigality. A comedy.
Lady Alimony. A comedy.
Luminalia. A maske.
Laws of Nature. A comedy.
Assisted in the six last by Robert Greene, A.M. Cantab, who is
accounted the half author of them.
Treatise of the Plague, containing the nature, signs, and acci-
dents of the same. Lond. 4to. 1603.
Countess of Lincoln's Nursery. Oxon. 4to. 1622.
He translated —
Josephus, History and Antiquities of the Jews. Lond. Fol. 1602.
The Works, both moral and natural, of L. A. Seneca. Lond.
Fol. 1614. He likewise published a treatise in defence of plays,
and certain pastoral songs and madrigals.
i
IGll] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 157
Theodore Goulston, M.D., was the son of William
Goulston, rector of Wymondham in Leicestershire, but
was born in the county of ^Northampton. He became
probationer fellow of Merton college, Oxford, in 1596,
and having taken the degrees in arts, A.M. 8th July,
1600, he applied himself to the study of physic, and
practised for a time, with considerable reputation, at
Wymondham and its neighbourhood. At length,
having taken his doctor's degree at Oxford, 30th
April, 1610, he removed to London, was admitted a
Candidate of the College of Physicians 22nd Decem-
ber, 1610, and a Fellow 29th December, 1611. He
was Censor in 1615, 1616, 1625,1626. Dr. Goulston
resided in the parish of St. Martin's, Ludgate-hill, and
was in great esteem, as well for classical learning and
theology as for the practice of his profession. Wood
says, " He was an excellent Latinist, and a noted
Grecian, but better for theology, as it was observed by
those that knew him."'" Dr. Goulston died 4th May,
1632, and by his wiU bequeathed to the College 200^.
" to purchase a rent-charge for the maintenance of an
annual lecture, to be read within the College some time
between Michaelmas and Easter, by one of the four
youngest doctors of the College. A dead body was, if
possible, to be procured, and two or more diseases
treated of, upon the forenoons and afternoons of three
successive days." Dr. Goulston published —
Yersio Latina et Paraphrasis in Aristotelis Rhetoricam. Lond.
1619.
Aristotelis de Poetica liber : Latine conversus et analytica
methodo illust. Lond. 1623.
After Dr. Goulston's death, his friend, Thomas
Gataker, B.D., published his
Versio, vari« Lectiones, et Annotationes Criticas in opuscula varia
Galeni. Lond. 1640.t
* " Dr. Gulston, Collegii socius, Graecarum literarum et anatomiae
proferendae cura ac liberalitate perpetua, insignis occubuit Anno
1632." Harney Bustorum aliquot Reliquiee.
t Wood's Athenae Oxon.
158 ROLL OF THE [1613
Dr. Goals ton had married Helen, the daughter of
George Sotherton, a citizen of London and member of
parliament for London."" She survived him, and dying
25th August, 1637, was buried with great pomp at
St. Martin's, Outwich, by the Heralds. Her funeral
certificate is at the College of Arms.
John Collins, M.D., was a native of SuiTey, edu-
cated at St. John's college, Cambridge, as a member of
which he graduated A.B. 1595-6. He was elected a
fellow of his college on lady Margaret's foundation,
7tb April, 1598, and proceeded A.M. 1599, M.D. 1608.
He was admitted a Candidate of the College of Phy-
sicians the day after Palm Sunday, 1611, and a Fellow
7th May, 1613. He was Censor in 1615, and Anatomy
Lecturer in 1624. His name is amongst the socii
ahsentes in the list for 1630. At that time he was
probably at Cambridge, in which university he was
regius professor of physic. Dr. Collins died in Decem-
ber, 1634. To St. John's college he bequeathed all his
books, and one hundred pounds for the purchase of
more.
Henky Smith, M.D., of Cambridge, was admitted a
Licentiate of the College 3rd December, 1613.
John Marshe, M.D., a doctor of medicine of Franeker,
in West Friesland, of 1596, was admitted a Licentiate
of the College, 22nd December, 1613.
Sir Simon Baskerville, M.D., was the son of
Thomas Baskerville, an apothecary of Exeter, and was
baptised at St. Mary Major's church in that city, 27tli
October, 1574. His father gave him the best education
his native city could supplj', and at the age of 18 he
was entered at Exeter college, Oxford. There he out-
shone most of his competitors, uniting with indefatigable
industry brilliancy of genius and solidity of judgment.
He is saidf on the first vacancy to have been elected
* Seymoui''s Survey of London, vol. i, p. 381.
t Biographia Britannica.
1615] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 159
fellow of his college, and this before he had taken his
first degree in arts, which was in consequence post-
poned till the 8th July, 1596. In 1606 he was chosen
senior proctor of the university, and then devoting
himself to the study of physic accumulated his degrees,
and proceeded doctor 20th June, 1611. He seems to
have practised at Oxford for two or three consecutive
years with considerable applause, but then removed to
London, and having undergone the usual examinations,
and, as our Annals express it, being " valde appro-
batus," was admitted a Candidate 18th April, 1614,
and a Fellow of the College 20th March, 1614-5. He
was Censor in 1615, 1618, 1619, 1621, 1633, 1635,
1636; Anatomy Reader, 1626; Consiliarius, 1640.
The fame he had acquired at Oxford preceded him to
town, and heralded him to the court of James 1, who
appointed him one of his physicians. King Charles I
employed him in the same capacity, and at Oxford
conferred upon him the honour of knighthood. With
such distinction the road to affluence lay open to him,
and so lucrative was his practice that he acquired the
name of Sir Simon Baskerville the Rich. He was con-
siderate and liberal in his profession, to the clergy and
inferior gentry, insomuch that, as Prince relates on the
authority of Lloyd, " he would never take a fee of an
orthodox minister under a dean, or of any suffering
cavalier in the cause of Charles I under a gentleman of
an hundred a year, but would also with physic to their
bodies generally give relief to their necessities." Sir
Simon Baskerville died in July, 1641, aged 68, and was
buried in old St. Paul's, where there was soon after-
wards placed a mural monument, with the following
inscription : —
Near this place lyetli the body
of that worthy and learned gentleman
Sir Simon Baskerville, knight, and Doctor in Physick,
who departed this life the fifth of July, 1641, aged 68 years.*
* " Simon Baskervile, Collegii nostri Socius, vita fuit et vultu
prorsus liberali, medicusque ac philosophus eximius : quo nomine
IGO ROLL OF THE [1615
Thomas Winston, M.D., was born in 1575, and
educated at Clare hall, Cambridge, of which house he
was a fellow. He took the degree of M.A. in 1602,
and then went abroad for improvement in physic. He
attended the lectures of Fabricius ab Aquapendente
and Prosper Alpinus at Padua, and those of Caspar
Bauhine at Basil. He graduated doctor of medicine at
Padua, and on his return to England was, in 1608,
incorporated on that degree at Cambridge. He was
admitted a Licentiate of the College of Physicians 9th
March, 1609-10, Candidate 10th September, 1613, and
Fellow 20th March, 1614-15. I meet with him as
Censor in 1622, 1623, 1624, 1630, 1631, 1632, 1634,
1635, 1636, 1637, and on the 20th May, 1636, he was
named Elect in place of Dr. William Clement, de-
ceased.
Dr. Winston was chosen professor of physic in
Gresham college 25th October, 1615, and retained his
office until 1642, during which period he acquired a
handsome fortune. He then, by permission of the
House of Lords, went over to France, and this without
having settled his affairs or provided for the security of
his estate. The cause of this hasty departure seems to
have been some apprehensions from the Parliament,
whose party then began to prevail, and whom he had
probably offended by the discovery of some secrets
entrusted to him. Dr. Harney says he withdrew him-
self " prae metu Angerona3 ssepius Isesse et jam poenas
minitantis." His professorship at Gresham college
thus becoming vacant. Dr. Paul de Laune was chosen
in his place after he had been six months absent. Dr.
Winston remained abroad about ten years, and having
by the interest of his friends accommodated matters
Gulielmus Laud, arctiepiscopus Cantuariensis, eum valetudini sute
praefecit. Rex autem, iu Bibliotheca Oxoniensi, tanquam in acie
sui generis instructissima, eundem in Eqnestrem ordinem cooptavit :
et amici denique mortuum 5 Julii, 1641, erecto in aversa parte septi
supra summum altare monumento marmoreo, magnifice ad D.
Paul: sepeliverunt." — Bustorum aliquot Reliquiee: auctore Baldv.
Harney, M.D.
1615] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 161
with the persons in power, returned to England in
1652, and was restored to his professorship and estate.
Of this affair, Wliitelocke, in his " MenKnrs," gives the
following account. " July 10, 1652. Dr. Winstone,
a physician, in the begin ning of the late troubles, by
leave of the House of Lords went over into France,
and there continued until very lately that he returned
into England. In his absence, none being here to look
after his business for him, his estate was sequestered
as if he had been a delinquent, and his place and lodg-
ings of physic professor in Gresham college were taken
from him, though he had never acted anything against
the Parliament, but had been out of England all the
time of the troubles. Whereupon application being
made to the Committee of Sequestrations, an order was
procured for his being restored to his place and lodg-
ings in Gresham college, and the sequestration of his
estate, which was 500^. per annum, was taken off."
From the expression " had never acted anything
against the Parliament," explained as this is by the
words of Harney, it would appear, as Ward'"' observes,
that his offence had consisted in words only and not in
actions. At the time of his leaving England he was,
as before stated, one of the Elects of the College, and
his place having been forfeited by absence, he was, as
we see from the following entry, rechosen in June,
1653 : "Anno 1653, Jun. 25. D"" Winston per mortem
D"' Gierke in Electorum ordinem, quo diu moratus in
Galliis exciderat, restitutus est." Dr. Winston did not
long survive this favourable change in his circum-
stances. He died on the 24th October, 1655, being
then 80 years of age. He was much valued as a
gentleman and a scholar, and was termed by Meric
Casaubon " the great ornament of his profession."t
* Lives of the Gresham Professors.
f " Erat Winstonus fabri lignarii filius ; e solido quidem ligno,
sed valde nodoso, nee unquam satis affabre dedolato. Mature
raedici locum, in Londinensium collegio Gressaniensi obtinuit, ubi
in tanto emporio, res literaria, ita viget coliturque ut solent
VOL. I. M
1G*2 ROLL OF THE [1616'
Dr. Winston did not publish anything ; but after his
death a treatise appeared, entitled, " Anatomy Lec-
tures at Gresham college, by that eminent and learned
physician, Dr, Thomas Winston," 8vo. Lond. 1659.
The editor supposes, from certain expressions, that
these lectures were also read by the author in his
appointed course at the College . of Physicians. They
comprehend an entire body of anatomy, with the im-
provements down to Ms own time, which include the
discoveries of Harvey, and were considered the most
complete and accurate then extant in the English
language.
Edmund Wilson, M.D., was the second son of the
Rev. William Wilson, D.D., canon of Windsor, and rec-
tor of Cliffe, in Kent, who died 14th March, 1615, and
was buried in St. George's chapel, Windsor. Dr. Ed-
mund Wilson was educated at Eton, and at King's
college, Cambridge, and in that university proceeded
plerseqae arbores exoticjB, in alieno solo ; ad pompam nimiruni
magis famamque quam ad fructum. Tali quadam ratione ibidem
Winstonus per spatium duarura admoduin indictionum, artis
nostras professor audiit ; ac inter practicos urbis celebriores
habitus est : commendabant eundem porro semper decorus commo-
dnsque vestitus et tonsura gravis, fuitque hujusmodi, in ordine
nostro, ut artem suam nee depreciaret adulatoriis officiis erga
segrotos, nee turpi reverentia cuiuscunque Pharmacopoei. Hoc
genus hominum uni solum se ad dixit, ac heriliter imperavit, caste-
rorum odium ferens, contemnens, superansquL' quod dum seriiis
observarnnt reliqui Socii passim hodie in re valetudinis ; divisum
imperium Pharmacopasus habet cum Medicis " *****" Ut
igitur ad Winstonum revertamur ; si omnes illius exemplo, mantis
operam in praxi, ad unumr estrinxissemus, hodie cum pancioribus
saltem hostibus conflictaremur ; qui, ut ob vagum sui usum, nullo
non loco, nidulantur ; ita e loco quovis dissito, obtentu alicujus
necessitudinis, nostris bonis impune imperant longoqae usu, vicatim
ita invaluerunt ut jam sine specie alienee injuriee nobis in nosme-
tipsos non liceat esse justis, contra vim tanti mali potuisset dudum
exemplar defuncti, nobis alicui fuisse subsidio ; quinimmo hodie
porro solo merito et memoria sui tam utilis documenti; potuisset
Winstonus, qui alicubi totus sepultus jacet, etiamuum superesse in
nostro Collegio ac in aliqua classe benefactorum nostrorum collo-
cari." Bustorum aliquot Reliquiae authore Bald. Harney.
1616] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 163
doctor of medicine. He was incorporated at Oxford,
12th July, 1614 ; was admitted a Candidate of the Col-
lege of Physicians, 22nd December, 1615, and a Fellow
the same day.'" On the 18th December, 1616, Dr.
Wilson was installed canon of Windsor, but because he
was not ordained priest within a year following, he was
deprived, and Dr. Godfrey Goodman succeeded, being
installed 20th December, 1617. Dr. Wilson practised
his faculty for a few years at Windsor, but subse-
quently removed to London, was Censor in 1623, and
Anatomy Reader in 1630. He died in the parish of
St. Mary-le-Bow, in September, 1633, having been a
donor of many books to the library of Lincoln college,
Oxford. Dr. Harney says of him, " Syphar hominis,
nee facie minus quam arte Hippocraticus, nee facultate
magis quam religionis titulo Celebris, excessit vita mense
Septembri anno 1633."
George Rogers, M.D,, was the second son of Francis
Rogers, of Dartford, co. Kent. He was educated at
Catherine hall, Cambridge, as a member of which he
proceeded A. B. about 1603; A.M. 1606. He studied
for some time at Leyderi, and was entered on the
physic line there 27th September, 1609, being then 25
years of age. He graduated doctor of medicine at
Padua, 17th December, 1612; was admitted a Candi-
date of the College of Physicians 9th April, 1616 ; and
a Fellow 26th June, 1616. Dying in November, 1622,
he was buried at St. Dunstan's-in-the-West, on the
18th of that month.
Sir Theodore de Mayerne, M.D., was the son of
Lewis de Mayerne, a French Protestant, celebrated for
* "1615. Postr: Diji. ThoniEe. Dr. Edmundus Wilson ter
examinatus, Candidatus eligitur singulis suffragiis, et astrictus jura-
mento fidelitatis in Regem, et dein Candidati in Collegium.
" la est electas itidem in Socium CoUegii, astrictus juramcnto
Socii, dein admissus." Annales, iii, p. 56.
M 2
164 ROLL OF THE [1616
his historical writings. Our physician was born at
Geneva, 18th September, 1573, and had for his god-
father Theodore Beza, after whom he was named.
Having been instructed in the rudiments of learning at
his native place, he was transferred to the university
of Heidelberg, where he remained several years. Hav-
ing fixed on physic for his future profession, he removed
to Montpelier, and there pursuing his medical studies,
proceeded M.B. in 1596, and M.D. in 1597. He then
removed to Paris, where he gave lectures on anatomy
to the young surgeons, and on pharmacy to the
apothecaries. The latter of these subjects led him to
treat of chemistry, to which he had paid particular
attention, and as in his medical practice he made con-
siderable use of chemical remedies, he was soon looked
upon as one of the most strenuous supporters of this
then recent innovation. While this brought him into
favour with Riverius, first physician to Henry IV. of
France, who by his recommendation procured Dr.
Mayerne's appointment as one of that king's physicians,
it likewise drew upon him the enmity of the faculty of
Paris, who manifested their attachment to Galen by an
indiscriminate abuse of all who attempted to introduce
modes of practice not mentioned in his works. Querce-
tanus was joined with May erne as the object of their
attack; and in 1603 one of the body wrote a book
against these heterodox brethren, entitled " Apologia
pro Medicina Hippocratis et Galeni, contra Mayernium
et Quercetanum." To this Mayerne published au apo-
logetical answer, and the Galenists not only replied,
but proceeded to thunder an academical interdict
against the two delmquents. The favour of the king,
however, rendered this a hnitum fuhnen with respect
to Mayerne, for his majesty having, in 1600, appointed
our physician to attend the Duke de Rohan in his em-
bassies to the couits of Germany and Italy, he dis-
charged his office with so much reputation that he
rose high in the king's esteem, and was promised
great advantages, provided he conformed to the church
1616] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 165
of Kome. This, notwithstanding the persuasions of
the Cardinal du Perron, he refused to do : the king,
nevertheless, would have appointed him his first phy-
sician, had not the queen (Mary de Medicis) inter-
posed to prevent it. Mayerne continued in the office
of physician in ordinary to the king until the year
1606, when he sold his place to a French physician.
In the early part of this year he must have come
over to England, was appointed physician to Anne of
Denmark, the queen of James I, and as sucli was
incorporated at Oxford on his Montpelier degree, 8th
April, 1606. There is some uncertainty as to liis
movements for the next four years. It seems certain,
however, that he l"eturned to France, and there re-
mained till after the assassination of his master,
Henry IV., on the 1.4th May, 16 JO, soon after which
he was called back to England by letters under James
I.'s own hand, who also sent a person to conduct
him over. On his arrival the king honoured him with
a private audience, appointed him first physician to
himself and to the queen, and from this period to his
death, Dr. Mayerne appears to have been considered
one of the first physicians in the kingdom. He was
certainly in England in 1612, and, as has been before
stated,"^^" was then, with many others, in professional
attendance on the king's eldest son, Henry prince of
Wales. On the 25th June, 1616, he was proposed
and unanimously elected a Fellow of the College of
Physicians, and was admitted 5th July folio wiug, at
an extraordinary Comitia, specially convened for that
purpose, t In 1618 he was deputed by the College to
write the dedication of the first Pharmacopoeia to the
king. In that year he was sent into France by king
James, about some affairs of importance ; but, being
* Vide Dr. Palmer, p. 111.
t " Causa congregationis ut admittatur Dr. Theod. Mayerne, de
quo multa benevole Ds. Prteses. Is primo pra3seus pr^stitit jura-
mentum fidelitatis erga regem, regestario prselegente ; turn iu sta-
tuta nostri Collegii, et admissus est Socius." — Annales, iii, 60.
166 ROLL OF THE [1616
suspected of a design to embroil affairs in tliat king-
dom, he was peremptorily commanded to leave it. In
July, 1624, he received the honour of knighthood
from the king, and in August of the same year wrote
a letter to his colleagues, the ordinary physicians to
the king and prince, acquainting them that, as he was
going to be absent, probably for some time, from his
duty at court, and this with the permission of the
king, he thought proper to select for their perusal
certain forms of prescription, and methods of practice,
of which his experience had taught him the efficacy in
the disorders to which his illustrious patients were
most liable. Certain prudential rules for their conduct
are prefixed, which show the man of sense and liberal
sentiments, but might, perhaps, be thought somewhat
assuming and officious, considering the persons to
whom they were addressed. It does not appear where
he went at this time, nor how long he was absent.
On the accession of Charles I, he was appointed first
physician to the king and queen, and rose still higher
in authority and reputation during that reign. To
him we owe the introduction of calomel into medical
practice, and the invention of the black wash.'" We
do not hear how he disposed of himself during the
civil commotions which raged in the latter part of his
life. He, doubtless, adhered to the royal cause, for he
was appointed nominal first physician to Charles II
after the execution of his father. At length, full of
years, wealth, and reputation, he died at Chelsea, 22nd
March, 1654-5, the immediate cause of his death being,
it is said, bad wine, which he had been drinking
in moderation with some friends at a tavern in the
Strand. He was interred in the church of St. Martin's-
in-the-Fields, where the bodies of his mother, first
* " Theodorus Mayerne Regis Jacobi et Caroli Primi Arcbiater,
memoria certe quam maxime dignus est, of calomelanos inven-
tnm, remedmm quo qnotidie domantur morbi atrocissimi." Oratio
Harveiana habita die 18° Octobris, 1775, auctore Donaldo Monro,
M.D.
1616]
ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 167
wife, and five of his children had been deposited. His
monument bore the following inscription : —
Ita semper valeas Lector,
ejus venerare mnnumentum, per quein
tarn multi valuerunt.
Qui nunc cinis est hoc marmore conditus,
nuper fuit ingens ille
Theodorus Maternius,
Magnum nomen,
Alter Hippocrates, Orbi Salutifer,
Sfficuli sui Decus,
Anteactorum Pudor,
Futurorum Exemplar :
Periti^ in re medica incomparabili
scientiseque naturae arcanorum
profundissimfe, accesserat incredibilis
politicarum rerum usus,
prudentia, facundia, ingenii
lepos usq. ad miraculum ;
Erant vivi sermones meree gratis,
sententise gemmae concilia oracula ;
Eminebat vero
tenax sanioris pietatis professio
et vindicatio. Non alius apud
Reges ingenua IIAPPHSIA
foelicior, aut proceribus merito
acceptior, aut tenuibus opem
f erre paratior ; inter diversos
Personarum gradus et varias
temporum vices ubique idem suiq. similis,
sajDiens, commodus, fortis, inconcussus,
ut genio suo turn res tum homines
ipsamq. adeo Fortunam subjecisse videretur.
Quid de Mayernio plura ?
Mayernium dixeris, omnia dixeris.
Anima CEelo, ossa buic tumulo,
nomen immortale fames
relinquuntur.
Lector vive et vale.
Qui SEepe in mortem solers sua tela retorsi,
Morborum ad curas ipsa venena trahens,
Vel moriens similem per Christum exerceo praxin,
Quaeq. est mors aliis, est medicina mihi.
The only work that Sir Theodore Mayerne pubHshed
was the Apology before mentioned, *' Apologia, in qua
videre est, inviolatis Hippocratis et Galeni legibus,
168 ROLL OF THE [1616
Kemedia Cliemice prseparata, tuto usurpari posse.
Kiipel. 1603." He left his library, containing many
M8S., to the College of Physicians, Some of these
were published by Dr. Thomas Shirley, and others by
Sir Theodore de Vaux, Mayerne's godson, and an
honorary Fellow of the College, In 1701 Dr. Joseph
Browne brought out in a goodly folio, " Mayernii Opera
Medica, complectantia Consilia, Epistolas et Observa-
tiones, Pharmacopoeiam, variasque Medicamentorum
formulas. Lond." The printing, unfortunately, is
extremely incorrect ; the work, however, is most
amusing, and affords a good idea of the duties of a
fashionable physician in the early part of the seven-
teenth century, A fine portrait of Sir Theodore
May erne is in the College.'"'
John Kaven, M,D, — A native of Suffolk ; educated
at Trinity college, Cambridge, as a member of which
he proceeded A,B. 1603; A,M. 1607; M.D. 1614.
He was admitted a Candidate of the College of Phy-
sicians 9th April, 1616, and a Fellow 5th July, 1616 ;
was Censor in 1622, 1626 ; and Anatomy Reader in
1631. Dr. Raven was physician to the queen of
James I. He quitted London in 1636, on account of
the plague which was then raging, and withdrew to
his native place, Hadleigh, in Suffolk, where he died,
and was buried on the 5th October, 1636 : ''Octobris
5, Johan'es Raven, Medicinse Doctor ex Collegio Lon-
* Yir census equestris inter Anglos, ac inter Allobroges Albonas
Baro, inque Aula Britannica plus decies quatuor annis Areliiatro-
rum comes excessit 22 Martii 1664-5. Erant mehercule plurima,
quae Majerniiim ad hoc fastigii evexerunt. Eruditio, sagacitas,
religio, comitas et Materia Medico singularis peritia, cum linguae
Latinae pura promptaque copia in illo eminebant ; inde obvenit in
consultationibus (ubi Medici virtus apprime elucessit) se semper
ut daret cum admiratione : etenim colligebat statim quid esset in
morbo sciendum a-gendumque * * * * Denique has dotes
Mayernii comitabantur constantia, candor et summe benevolus
gratusque in nostrates vivos mortuosque animus. Bustoruni
aliquot Reliqui^ authore Baldvino Harney.
1616] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 169
dinensi, hue secedens propter pestem Londinii obortam,
intra domu quonda patris suamque, in eodem in quo
prima lueem viderat eubiculo, anima Deo reddidit. Ex
testament 0 legavit pauperibus avi sui eleemosjnariis
50 li. Sepultus est (ita statuente E-ectore) intra can-
cellos, per hseredem filium marmore tegendus." No
monument is now in existence.'"''
Webb, M.D. — I am not sure whether Dr.
Webb is to be regarded as admitted by the College to
practice. He came before the Censors in December,
1616, being then a doctor of medicine of Padua, of
twelve years' standing ; was examined, approved and
told to get incorporated at one of the English univer-
sities. He does not appear to have done so ; and,
under date 7th April, 1626, I read, "Dr. Webb, a°
(ut ait) 1603 Patavii et hlc se prius exaiatum jam diu :
sed ex Actis non apparet. HH nomine poense impo-
nitur, ut solvat annuatim 4 li. incipiendo ad festum
D. Joan. Baptistae proximum, quod referunt D' Cen-
sores ad D"^™ Prsesidentem." He was a Poman Catho-
lic, and was returned as such to the parliamentary
commissioners by the College, 29th March, 1626. He
resided in Black and White court. Old Bailey ; and
in the complete list of the College for 1628 is one of
six (some of whom were undoubtedly Members) ranged
immediately under the Permissi, with the heading
^' Sub nomine poense solventes."
Theodore Diodati, M.D,, was of Italian extraction,
but born at Geneva. He graduated doctor of medicine,
at Leyden, 6th October, 1615, and was admitted a
* " Dr. Raven," writes Harney, " specie, amictu, praxi, reique
domesticae lautitia e Collegis preestantioribus, vivere desiit circa
finem Septembris 1636, faraa non omnino integra, ob secundas
parijm secunde, ne dicam turpiter, sollicitatas nnptias : prtedamque
postea, spectante et vapulante corvo, aufurente frigilla." The
precise occurrence \a which Harney here alludes is mentioned in
" The Diary of John Rous," p. 34, Camden Society, to which I
refer those of my readers desirous of fuller particulars.
170 ROLL OF THE [1G16
Licentiate of the College of Physicians 24th January,
1616-7. He was buried in the church of St. Bartho-
lomew-the-Less, on the 12th February, 1650-1.
John Craige, Jun., M.D., was the son of Dr. John
Craige, a Fellow of the College, and physician to
James I, and to his successor, Charles I, both before
and subsequent to his accession to the throne. Being
then physician to the king, he was proposed and
elected a Fellow of the College of Physicians, 3rd M
December, 1616, but was not sworn and admitted ^
until June, 1617. Dr. Craige stands among the Socii
Absentes in 1630, but he was again in London in 1637.
He died in January, 1654-5, and was buried in the
church of St. Martin 's-in- the -Fields.'"
John Draper, A.M. of Trinity college, Cambridge,
A.B. 1595, A.M. probably of 1599, was admitted a
Licentiate of the College of Physicians 4th July, 1617.
Paul de Laune, M.D., was a native of London ; a
brother of Gideon de Laune, a noted and wealthy
apothecary in the city of London, whose bust is at
Apothecaries' Hall ; and a relative of Dr. Argent, an
influential Fellow of our own College. He was edu-
cated at Emmanuel college, Cambridge, as a member of
which he proceeded A.M. about the year 1610. Being
then a master of arts of Cambridge of five years'
standing, and a doctor of medicine of Padua of 13th
October, 1614, Dr. de Laune, on the 8th of September,
1615, presented himself before the Censors' board for
* Harney, iu his " Bustorum aliquot Reliquiae," speaks tlius of
Dr. Craige and his father, before mentioned (page 116) : — " Joannes
Craic senior juniorque Patria hie et ille Caledonius uterque insti-
tuto medicus et dignitate Archiater. Ille Regis Jacobi, hie Caroli
cum principis turn regis. Ille electorum primus post Prsesidem,
hie primus ab illis in nostrse Pharmacopffiise prima editione. Ceetera
me latent, prseter ultima junioris qui rure senectam diem obiit
mense Januarii 1654—5."
1618] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 171
examination, when he was told to get incorporated.
He was incorporated at Cambridge on the 19th
January, 1615-6, and having subsequently undergone
the usual examinations was admitted a Candidate of
the College of Physicians 25th June, 1616, and a
FeUow 21st April, 1618. Dr. Laune was for many
years in Ireland, in the capacity of physician to the
viceroy ; but the dates of his appointment or return I
cannot discover. He was appointed an Elect 24th
May, 1642, and was senior Censor in 1643. We learn
from Harney that he read in his turn the anatomy
lecture at the College, and in 1642 or thereabouts,
when Dr. Winston fled to the continent, by the interest
of Thomas Chamberlane, one of the most influential
members of the Mercers' Company, was appointed pro-
fessor of physic in Gresham college. He performed
the duties of his ofiice in a manner so creditable to him-
self and satisfactory to the electors that, to use the
words of Hamey, " nemo Winstonum requireret, nee
quenquam curatorum poeniteret suflecti in illius locum
Launei." He was one of three physicians who on the
27th June, 1643, in compliance with an order from Lent-
hall the Speaker of the House of Commons, were recom-
mended by the College to attend in a medical capacity
the army under the earl of Essex. Dr. Laane's long
residence in Ireland proved a bar to his success as a
practitioner at home ; and from Hamey we learn that
his practice was very limited. He was a man, how-
ever, of inexpensive habits, and his salary and lodg-
ings at Gresham college were suflicient to meet all
his wants. The return of Dr. Winston, in 1652, and
his restoration to the Gresham professorship, proved
a severe blow to Dr. Laune. His means of support
were wrested from him, and this by a man with an
ample fortune, to whom in adversity and trouble Dr.
Laune had proved a warm and constant friend. Under
these circumstances, though then a septuagenarian,
he accepted from Oliver Cromwell, in 1654, the ap-
pointment of physician -general to the fleet, and in
172 ROLL OF THE [IGI8
this capacity was at the taking of Jamaica. Thence-
forward nothing was ever heard of him. According to
Harney, he died in December, 1654 : " Mense Decem-
bri, 1654, morte mortisque hora incertis." The fleet on
its return was unable to give any definite information
concerning him, and the general impression at the time
was that he had perished in Jamaica.
Eleazee, Hodson, M.D., was born in Durham and
educated at Cambridge, where he graduated master
of arts. He was incorporated on that degree at
Oxford, 12th July, 1608, and then travelling into
Italy, took his degree of doctor of medicine at Padua
30th June, 1612. He was incorporated at Oxford on
his doctor's degree 2nd January, 1615-6, was ad-
mitted a Candidate of the College of Physicians 25 th
June, 1616, and a Fellow 21st April, 1618. He was
Censor in 1629, 1631, 1634, 1635, 1636, 1637, 1638,
was appointed Pegistrar 13th January, 1636-7, and
Elect 22nd September, 1637, in place of Dr. Fludd,
deceased. He died on the 19th January, 1638-9.
Wood says, " he was eminent for his practice in the
city of London, and died in the parish of St. Stephen's,
Coleman street."""
Othowell Meveeall, M.D., was born in Derby -
* Dr. Harney, in his Bustoriam aliquot ReliquiEe, gives the fol-
lowing sketch of this physician : — " Dr. Hodson, medicus Nosoconiii
Divi Thomge, in atrophiam sensim incidit, desiitque marcescere, 1 9
Januavii, 1638-9. Vir vultu animoque alacri ; prudentia, lingua-
rumque ac artis peritia, paucis suorum secundus. Domo et equo
semper pnlchris gaudens, inque intimis D"^ Fox, cui olim in Italia,
postea in Collegio, sa3pe in praxi, semper in ccelibatu socius. Qui
me primus amice ad examen subeundum, invitavit, Censor, proba-
vit, amicitiamque deinceps coluit. De reliquo ; pecunise accumu-
landje nee intempestive satagens negligensve ; eoque nee obrutus
negotiis nee vacuus ; hoc, y iri merita non patiebantur : illud, ipse
cavit de industria ; septimanas aliquot a3stivas rusticandi certus, et,
hac ipsa in re, imitandi suum Foxium. Moriturus denique, simili
beneticentia3 temperameuto usus est adversus Collegium ; simili
erga hteredem ; cujus rem familiarem luculenter amplificasse con-
stitit, substitisse tamen citra invidiam."
1(U8] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS, 173
shire, and descended from an old family long settled
in that county. His early education was had at home,
whence he was transferred to Christ's college, Cam-
bridge, and whilst there narrowly escaped being buried
alive. The facts are stated at length by Hamey in his
Bustorum aliquot Keliquise, and I append them in a
note.''^ Having taken the first degree in arts, he passed
over to Leyden, and there proceeded doctor of medicine,
2nd October, 1613. He was incorporated at Cam-
bridge on his doctor's degree 15th March, 1615-6, was
admitted a Candidate of the College of Physiciaiis
25th June, 1616, and a Fellow 21st April, 1618. He
was Censor in 1624, 1626, 1627, 1632, 1637, 1638,
1639, 1640 ; was appointed Elect 8th February, 1638—
9, Registrar, 1639, 1640; Anatomy E-eader, 1628;
President, 1641, 1642, 1643, 1644 ; Treasurer again in
1645; Consiliarius, 1645, 1646, 1647. Dr. Meverall
died 13th July, 1648, aged 63, and was buried in the
church of St. Lawrence Jewry. He bequeathed to the
College, by will, the sum of 40Z., and to each of his
more intimate friends among the Fellows a gold ring,
on which was engraved, " Medici morimur, medicina
perennis."t
* After recording Dr. Meverall's death, and burial at St. Lawrence
Jewry, he proceeds : " Condito jam excellentissimo viro nihil
pra^ter solenne illud ILICBT, et postremum illud SALVE et VALE
videatnr dicendum ; restat tamen inter hoec novissima novum quid,
et notatu dignum, socio huic nostro, quadraginta minimum annos,
a morte (ut credebatur) obita sepulturam hodiernam obtigisse. Tot
ante lustra Cantabrigise, in collegio Christi, de Meverello concla-
m.atum est ; ibi grabato suo sublatum est cadaver, stratumque
humi sua3 paulo post sandapilas tradendum ; ibi pro more loci, ob
liberatam ergastulo suo animam, actee sunt Deo gratige, atque
inter hos demum ritus, deploratus noster, sub instrata lodicula
motare palpitando visus est ; perculsis spectatoribus et tantuni non
exanimatis, qui hunc dudum animam egisse prgepropere officiosi
judicaverant. Dixisse externa ope defectum, interna quadam vir-
tute se ipsum suscitasse, in prsevium faustumque omen alios olim
suscitandi ; et corpora cassa, f ugitivis spiritibus revocatis, arte sua
animandi."
t " Dedit hunc nobis comitatus Darbiensis ubi Meverellorum
nomen, multos ante annos, generose audiit, et per connubia, eques-
174 ROLL OF THE [1618
Alexander Ramsey, M.D., a native of Angusshire,
in Scotland, and a doctor of medicine of Basil of 16th
February, 1610, was admitted a Candidate of the
College of Physicians, 9th February, 1616-7, and a
Fellow 21st April, 1618. In the list for 1635 he is
described as one of the physicians to Charles I.
John Moore, M.D., was a Licentiate of the CoUege,
tribus familiis non semel innexum est. Noster antem, parentum
cura ac indolis boBitate, domum suum literarum gloria cumulavit.
Cui rei tot annos, olim Cantabrigiee ; tot Leydse in Batavis in-
cubuit : unde anno hujus seculi decimo-tertio doctoratus lauream,
reportavit : octavoque supra decimum, perspecta morum probitate
et pensitata scientia Doctorum Londinensium consultissimo ordini
inscriptus est. Cujus ille deinceps decus auxit, columenque exstitit,
ac tandem omnibus muneribus functus, summa mentis aequabilitate
desideratissimus reliquit. Et, velut in illo csetu babuit, qui Collegae
sui, quique amici excessum meritissime dolerent : ita etiam in
propria familia, qui avum, socerumque ac patrem, quaeque mari-
tum veris lachrymis ultra solennia luctus imitameuta complorarent.
Sic fuit noster Meverellus. Sic ilium in recen'i jactura quasi
diluto lacbrymis atramento utcunque adumbravimus.
Verumenimvero tarn arctae et diuturn£e amicitias non bene con-
venit cum tam exili rerum commemoratione. Ejusmodi amicum
exprimere oportet, non obiter delineare ; ejusmodi virum posteri-
tatis interest nosse : nimirum, quam sibi semper in rebus sacris
constiterit : quam semper habuerit purum animum insanientis
omnis sapientise quam non illi f uerit pro larva Religio, sed ad vitse
usum recte instituendum, et pro fine ipso bonorum socioi'um etiam
interest meminisse, cum in culpam, tum exemplum, quam ille more
Lonestum haberet, suas sibi apud segros servare partes, suasque
sacrorum mystis illibatas amandare : quamque ex pietate, nihil aliud
quEereret lucri, prater internnm setemumque. Et, ut requeat
Ottevelli benevolentia in abactum Regem, conscio me, et consorte,
sine periculo nominari : hie tamen prse impietate non debet reti-
ceri. Vos me securum prasstabitis dilectissim^e musaei mei latebraa
et temporum incliuatione poterit hoc factum olim celebrari : non
sine honore defuncti ubi constiterit Collegam nostrum, nullo Sacra-
mento, nulloque honorario, vere Regium, succurrendo Regi fuisse
medicum, nee sine gloria ipsius Artis ac emolumento Collegii : ubi
ut totius nomine nihil hactenus peceatum aut novatum est : sic
etiam sperandum, laudi aliquando fore, et lucro, quod caute spretis
direptionis necisque minis, non unus inter nos inventus sit im-
motte erga justum Dominum fidelitatis, sub alioi-um severe usur-
pata dominatione. Sic Deum, atque regem, divulso nulla novitate
obsequio, coluit Meverellus." — Bustorum aliquot Reliqnia) authore
Baldviuo Harney M.D.
1618] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 175
but I have not succeeded in finding a note of his
admission : it must have been, I believe, about the
year 1618. He was returned by the College to the
parliamentary commissioners as a catholic, 29th March,
1626 ; and in the Hst for 1628 is the first named of
six, most, if not all, of whom were catholics, who stand
immediately below the Permissi with the heading,
" Sub nomine poense solventes." He died in Novem-
ber, 1641.*
John Brouuart, M.D., a native of Brussels, was
entered on the medical line at Ley den, 6th April, 1607,
being then 25 years of age. He graduated doctor of
medicine at Leyden, and was admitted a Licentiate
of the College of Physicians 6th November, 1618. He
died in December, 1639.t
John Bainbridge, M.D., was the son of Bobert
Bainbridge, of Ashby de la Zouch, by his wife Ann,
daughter of Bichard Everard, of Shenton, co. Leicester,
and was born at Ashby in 1582. He was educated at
the grammar school of Ashby, whence he was trans-
ferred to Emmanuel college, Cambridge, under the^
tuition of his kinsman, Dr. Joseph Hall, afterwards
bishop of Norwich. He took the degrees in arts and
medicine, A.B. 1603, A.M. 1607, M.D. 1614. He then
returned to his native county, where he practised
physic, and kept a granmiar school. He next removed
to London, and was admitted a Licentiate of the
College of Physicians 6th November, 1618. In the
* " Dr. Moore," says Harney, " ritus moresqne antiquos novis,
vitam coelibem conjugali, facetias austeritati, praxin aulicam urbanse,
atque seternitatem denique cteteris omnibus grandeevus preetulit,
exeunte mense Novemb. 1641."
f "Dr. Brouart, Belga, obiit mense Decembri, 1639. Hie Lon-
dinam venit cum Mayerniu ; m.edicinam faciendi obtinuit licentiam ;
uuam atque alteram uxorem duxit, et cum neutra bene convenit.
Mors interea vicissim, sine partium studio, litem diremit ; modo
marito, modo uxore superstite. Cavit enim f ortuna ne plus alterutri
favisse videretur ; dum neutri superesse sineret, unde posset alte-
ruter gloriari." — Bustorura aliquot Reliquiae, auct. Baldv. Harney.
176 ROLL OF THE [I6I8
following year he published " An Astronomical De-
scription of the late Comet, from the 1 8th November,
1618, to the 16th December following." 4to, Lond.,
1619. This introduced hun to the notice of Sir Henry
Savile, who was then founding the astronomical pro-
fessorship at Oxford, and who at once appointed
Dr. Bainbridge to that office. He thereupon removed
to Oxford, was entered as a master commoner of
Merton college, and on the 7th July, 1620, was incor-
porated doctor of medicine as he had stood at Cam-
bridge. In 1635 he was appointed by Merton college,
superior reader of Linacre's lectures. Dr. Bainbridge
died on the 3rd November, 1643, at his house in
Oxford, opposite the church of Merton college. His
body was removed thence to the public schools, where
an oration in praise of the deceased and of his attain-
ments having been pronounced, he was borne to the
church of Merton college, and buried close to the high
altar. His epitaph there is as follows : —
Si cupias viator, quis et quantus hie jacet,
alibi qu^ras oportet, dicere satis nequeo ;
Britannia tota viri famam non capit ;
Ne caetera tamen ignores, in rem tnam pauca hsec accipe.
Johannes Bainbeidgius
Vir fam£e integerrimse, et doctrinee incomparabilis,
Medicine Professor et Matheseos ;
Morborum tarn felix expngnator novornm,
qnam sagax indagator sydernm ;
Quern primum Astronomiee Professorem
et dignum Savilio CoUegam
in Matliematicis Praslecturis, quas magnifice erexerat,
prudens iLominnm et librorum sestimator elegit
Savilius :
Quern Cantabrigise educatum
Aoademia Oxoniensis benigne fovit ut suum,
defunctum publice deflevit ut par utriusque ornamentum;
qui Scaligerum felicius correxit,
quam Scaliger emendavit
tempora,
in non levem literarum jacturam immaturus obiit,
MDCXLIII.
Abi jam, ctetera qugere vel ab exteris.
Daniel Eaymond, a native of Essex, and a student
1620] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 177
of medicine, " medicinae studiosus," was admitted an
Extra-Licentiate, 22nd February, 1618-9. At the time
of his admission, he was practising with much repute
in the county of Surrey.
Helkiah Crooke, M.D., was born in Suffolk, and
admitted a scholar of St. John's college, Cambridge, on
Sir Henry Bilhngsley's foundation, 11th November,
1591. He proceeded A.B. 1595-6, then visited Ley den,
and was entered on the physic line there 6th November,
1596. He returned to Cambridge and graduated M.B.
1599, M.D 1604. He was admitted a Candidate of
the College of Physicians 25th June, 1613, and a Fellow
21st April, 1620; was Censor in 1627, 1628, 1629,
1630, 1631 ; Anatomy Reader, 1629 ; and on the 25th
May, 1635, resigned his fellowship, as he was then
going to retire into the country. Dr. Crooke was
governor of Bethlem hospital in 1632, and is the first
medical man who is known to have been at the head of
that mstitution. ■"" He was the author of —
'MiKpoKoa/iinr/pa(/)ta : A Desci'iption of tlie Body of Man, together
with tlie Controversies thereunto belonging, collected and translated
out of all the best authors of anatomy. Fol. Lond. 1616 — 2nd ed.
Fol. Lond. 1631.
An Explanation of the Fashion and Use of Three-and-Fifty
Instruments of Chirurgery. Fol. Lond. 1631.
A small whole-length portrait of Dr. Crooke, by
Droeshout, is prefixed to the second edition of his
Anatomy.
Peter Bowne, M.D., was a native of Bedfordshire,
and in April, 1590, was admitted a scholar of Corpus
Christi college, Oxford, of which house he was after-
wards elected a fellow. After taking the degrees in
arts, he applied himself to the study of medicine, and,
accumulating his degrees, proceeded M.D. 12th July,
1614. He was admitted a Candidate of the College
of Physicians 24th January, 1616-7, and Fellow 21st
* Journal of Mental Science, vol. xxii, p. 2L9.
vol. I. N
178 ROLL OF THE [1620
April, 1620. Wood says "that he practised physick
in the great city, and was much in esteem for it in
the latter end of king James I and beginning of king
Charles I." Dr. Bowne had quitted London on the
3rd March, 1623-4, when Dr. Spicer was admitted a
fellow in his place. He was the author of a small
work entitled
Pseudo-Medicorum Anatomia. Lond. 4to. 1624.
Patrick Saunders, M.D., a doctor of medicine of
Franeker, of 28th August, 1619, incorporated at Oxford
2nd December, 1619, was admitted a Candidate of the
College of Physicians, 30th September, 1620. He re-
sided in the parish of Great St. Helen's, Bishopsgate/""
and died in 1638.
[William] Eyre, M.D. — Dr. Goodall supphes us
with the following account of this physician : " Dr.
Eyre was cited before the College for practising physic
in London without a licence. Upon his appearance
he gave no satisfaction to the President and Censors,
wherefore they ordered his prosecution at law, and had
a verdict against him de praxi illegitimd, upon which
he applied himself to the College, begged their friend-
ship, and promised submission. Then he was examined
by the President and Censors, but not giving satisfac-
tion of his ability for practice, he was rejected, and
about two years after summoned to give an account
by what authority he practised physic in London. He
replied that he practised in the country, and not in
the city, but thought he might, as being born here.
But the pra(5tice being proved against him, the Censors
told him they would sue him de praxi illegitimd pro
ann. But he paying twenty pounds de praxi prceteritd
to the Treasurer of the College, the Censors let fall
this suit. But he being after guilty of ill practice
(which was proved against him), the Censors unani-
mously fined him ten pounds, and ordered his imprison-
* Fasti Oxon. vol. i, p. 835.
1620] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 179
ment, which latter was dispensed with upon condition
that he would at the next pubhc comitia own his ob-
ligations to the President, Censors, and College for
this their favour, which he readily promised and per-
formed, both in person and writing, paying Hkewise
the fine imposed upon him. After this was examined
in order to his admission into the College, which ex-
amination being passed, he was required to take great
care and caution in his practice, and in diflScult cases
to call to his assistance some of his colleagues."'"' He
was examined 7th May, 1619, and 2nd June, 1620,
and admitted a Licentiate in September, 1620.
Is this the same person who stands thus recorded
by Woodt among the incorporations at Oxford in
1608 : " July 8, Wdl. Eire (Eierus) Doct. of Phys. of
Leyden ? " If so, he was born in London, and on the
12th June, 1596, when he entered on the physic line
at Leyden was 29 years of age.
John Maccolo, or McKulio, M.D,, a native of
Edinburgh, and a doctor of medicine of Franeker, of
twenty-four years' standing, was, on the 25th June,
1621, being then physician in ordinary to the kiDg,
admitted a Fellow of the College without examination.
Dr. Maccolo did not long survive, and dying in the fol-
lowing year, was buried in the church of St. Margaret,
Westminster, where a monument was erected with the
following inscription : —
D.M.M.S.
Joannes Mackulio
Scoto Britannns
Magni Hetruriee ducis
Archiater quondara ;
Dein
Magnge Britanniae Regis.
Medicus, Medicorum sui seeculi
-(Esculapius, Therapentioes
* Historical Account of the College's Proceedings against Empi-
ricks, p. 376.
t Fasti Oxon. vol. i, p. 803.
N 2
180 EOLL OF THE [1622
promus-condus, conditumque prodigium
Mortales, liuic Cippo, in spem
Resurrectionis, vitgeque melioris
Reliquit exuvias
ReparataD salutis 1622
^tatis su£e 46.
He was the author of " latria Chymica, exemplo
therapeise Luis Venerese illustrata." 12mo. Loud.
1622.
Henry Hincklow, M.D., was born in Lancashire,
and on the 21st June, 1617, being then a bachelor of
medicine, but of what university is not stated, was in-
scribed on the physic line at Leyden, where he gradu-
ated doctor of medicine the same year. He was ad-
mitted a Licentiate 22nd December, 1621.
Thomas Ridglry, M.D., a native of Staffordshire,
educated at St. John's college, Cambridge, as a mem-
ber of which, he proceeded A. B. 1596-7, A.M. 1600,
M.D. 1608, was admitted a Candidate of the College
of Physicians in June, 1617, and a Fellow 28th No-
vember, 1622. He was Censor in 1628, 1633 ; and
was chosen an Elect 2nd September, 1641, but re-
signed that office 24th May, 1642. He died, an octo-
genarian, 21st June, 1656, and was buried in the
church of St. Botolph, Aldersgate.*
John Clarke, M.D., was born at Brooke Hall,
Wethersfield, county Essex, an estate which had been
in his family for many generationsf, and was educated
at Christ's college, Cambridge. As a member of that
house he proceeded A.B. 1603, A.M. 1608, M.D. 1615,
* Dr. Harney says of him: — "Medicus bonus musicnsque, lin-
guceque Latinas t'acultate vir prasstans, adebque sincerus, ut juxta
fidem antiquam parsemiamque cum illo secure posses in tenebris
micare. Haec erant, quibns se oblcctabat, quibus in sinu gaudebat,
suosque eximie ditabat ; casteris, quibus vulgus dives audit, iusuper
habitis ; denique certus vulgo recepta negligendi, animo suo, salva
legum religione, in omnibus obsequebatui'."
t Morant's Essex, vol. ii, p. 372.
I
1622] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 181
was admitted a Candidate of the College of Physicians
30th September, 1617, and a Fellow, 28th November,
1622. He was Censor in 1639, 164U, 1641, 1642, 1644 ;
Elect, 2nd September, 1641 ; Consiiiarius, 1642, 1643,
1644, 1650, 1651, 1652; Treasurer, 1643, 1644; and
President, 1645, 1646, 1647, 1648, 1649. Dr. Clarke
purchased the reversion of the manor of Wethersfield,
which descended to his son and heir, Joseph Clarke, of
Lii)coln's-inn, Esq. He died 30th April, 1653, and was
buried in the church of St. Martin, Ludo-ate. His
portrait is at the College. It was presented in 1709
by his grand-daughter, Ann, the daughter of Sir John
Micklethwaite, M.D."''
Laurence Wright, M.D., a native of Essex, was
the third son of John Wright, of Wright's bridge, near
Hornchurch, and of Gray's-inn, esquire, by his second
wife, Bennet, the daughter of Laurence Blaseby, of
London, merchant. He was matriculated a pensioner
ofEmmanuel college, Cambridge, in March, 1607-8, and
as a member of that house proceeded A.B. 1609, A.M.
1613. He was entered on the physic line at Leyden
22nd August, 1612, being then twenty-two years of
age ; but he graduated doctor of medicine at Padua, and
was incorporated on that degree at Cambridge in 1618.
* "Johannes Clarkius electus est medicorum prceses, nullo ex-
prjesidum in vivis praster unum Meverellum valetudinarium, hunc
Magistratum quiuqui-plicavit atque illo spacio Triggium agyrtam
ad cansam coegit, vicitque. Idem Pharmacopceiam nostram curavit
recudendam ; opusque gnaviter urgente ipso, et Collegis, serio
exequemtibus ; mihique sigillatim prseter csetera, data cura novandi
tituli, et scribendaB epistoJEe cum epilogo ad lectorem ; merito prs©
muneris, sui excellentia, primum in hac recenti editione obtinuit
locum, qui nullum in priori habuerat ; et, ut in Regestro nostro
praesens ubique legeretur et, presses qui prius, in eodem praa muniis
mediis rarissime occurrebant : me deniqne eodem tempore ad prses-
tandum Sociorum sollenne pensum anatomicum evocavit. Sub tinem
antem anni quinquagesimi, dignitate hac cessit et vita sua, vix
elapso post, triennio. Defunctum prosecuti sunt Collegffi^, debito
honore, et latis longisque fasciis e syndone donati ad singulorum
pileos e domo sua ad Divi Martini Ludgate, deduxerunt." — Bus-
torum aliquot Reliquiae, authore Baldv. Harney.
182 ROLL OF THE [1622
Dr. Wright was admitted a Candidate of the College
of Physicians, 22nd December, 1618, and a Fellow,
22nd December, 1622. He was Censor in 1628, and
was again appointed to that office 8th February, 1638-9,
in the vacancy occasioned by the death of Dr. Hodson.
He was named an Elect 24th May, 1642 ; Consiharius,
1647, and again in 1650, whence he was annually re-
elected till his death from a quartan ague, on the 3rd
September, 1657. He was buried, as was his wife Mary
(a daughter of John Duke, M.D., of Colchester), in the
church of South Weald, co. Essex, and is there com-
memorated by the following brief description :
" Here lie buried the bodies of
Laurence Wrigbt Doctor of Physick
and Mary Lis Wife.
He died 3 Oct. 1657 aged &1
She 16 Feb. after."
Dr. Wright'" was physician in ordinary to Oliver
* " Ille, prse omnibus Soclis, strenuus cumulandis nummis, et
mercandis agris, illisque prsecipue, quorum, antiquos dominos, dira
sorte reos illibata adversus Regem fidei, honesta redimendse vitse ac
libertatis cupido adigebat ad infesta ilia dispendia coactee venun-
dationis. Huic compendiario ditescendi studio accedebat lucrum
famigeratae sanctimoniEe, quibus simul, evasit Collegarum locuple-
tissimus. Illi, qui fidunt physiognomis, et signaturis (ut vocant),
credunt, sestimabant medium utriusque manus mendosum digitum,
tantas facultates Laurentio nostro portendisse, quippe digitus hie et
ille, inferiori suo articulo, curtus, strigosus et immobilis ; duobus
autem reliquis, milvini instar rostri, rigide incurvus, nihil dextra
sinistrave arreptum, elabi noctu diuve, videbatur pati. Yerum alii,
praeter omen prtesagi istius mendi in corpore, arbitrabantur mon-
struosius quid esse debere in illius animo, qui, in tantis opibus, non
dubitaret vim omnem honesti, turpi parsimonia proculcare, quod
tum liquido parere dixerunt ; ciim, nostro post infandam Regis
easdem, posito sub hasta Collegio, non solum e symbolis esse re-
cusaret, in eo redimendo : verum etiam plenis Comitiis insultarefc
redempturis, totuspue esset in hirciscendo reliquo tantuli peculii,
cum manifesto discrimine solvendae societatis, tantis fundatoribus,
nixaB, tot privilegiis auctse, totque librorum authoribus nobilitatse,
et contra omne scelus munitse nostris omnium sacramentis. Sed
pudet horum : nee miniis piget meminisse ejusdem in Graecis
Latinisque Uteris, rebusque anatomicis, peritae ; nequando neophyto
alicui heec lecturo vilescant deinceps Musee ; cognito, sine solida
1624] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 183
Cromwell, and to the Charter-liouse, to which he was
elected 25th May, 1624, but he resigned that oj05ce in
1643, and on the 21st March, 1651-2, was chosen a
governor of that institution.
EiCHARD Spicer, M.D., was born at Exeter, and
was the fourth son of Christopher Spicer and Ehzabeth
(Symons) his wife. He was educated at Exeter col-
lege, Oxford, took the degrees in a,rts, and attaching
himself to the study of physic, accumulated his degrees
therein, proceeding M.D. 27th May, 1622. He was
admitted a Candidate of the College of Physicians 25th
June, 1623, and a Fellow 3rd March, 1623-24. He
was Censor in 1630, 1632, 1634, 1635, 1636, 1637,and
died on the 11th May, 1640.
Alexander Rhead, M.D., a Scotchman, and, as
Wood says, " a brother of the Barber Chirurgeons," in
whose hall he had dehvered lectures on anatomy and
surgery, was on the 29th May, 1620, actually created
doctor of medicine at Oxford, in the house of convoca-
tion, by virtue of letters from king James I. Having
undergone the examinations at the College of Physi-
cians, he was, on the 22nd December, 1621, admitted
a Candidate, and a Fellow 3rd March, 1623-4, about
which time, he was incorporated at Cambridge. Dr.
E/head died about the middle of October, 1641, and
was a liberal benefactor to the College, bequeath-
ing to it by wlLL lOOl. to ornament the Anatomical
Theatre.'" Wood, from the fact of his bequeathing
200^. and all his books to Marischal college, Aberdeen,
eruditione, in nostra facultate, versutia quadam ad tantas facilitates
perveniri posse." — Bustorum aliquot Reliquiae, auct. Baldv. Harney.
* Dr. Harney, recording his death, says — " Natione Scotus at
Collegii nostri Socius, in chirurgicis et anatomicis sibi praecipue
placuit, eoque nomine Chirurgorum sodalitio prasfuit aliquamdiu,
profuitque ac nostrum theatrum, quod iisdem exercitiis dedicatur,
beneficentia sua moriturus, aptius ornatiusque reddidit, circa Idus
Octobris, 1641."
184 ROLL OF THE [1624
infers that he had been there educated. Dr. Rhead's
works are —
A Description of the Body of Man, by artificial figures repre-
senting the Members, &c. Lond. 8vo. 1GI6.
Chirnrgical Lectures of Tum)urs and Ulcers. Lond. 4to. 1635.
Treatise of the first part of Chirurgery, which teacheth reunition
of the parts of the body disjointed. Lond. 4to. 1638.
TreaHse of the Muscles of the Body of Man. Lond. 4to. 1637.
The Manual of Anatomy, or the Dissection of the Body of Man.
Lond. 12mo. 1638.
Approved Medicines and Remedies for the Diseases of the Body
of Man, &c.
Thomas Grent, M.D., a doctor of medicine of
Oxford (New college), was admitted a Candidate of
the College of Physicians 10th April, 1620, and a
Fellow 28th May, 1623. He was physician to St.
Thomas's hospital, and physician to either the king or
queen, but I am not sure which. He died 11th De-
cember, 1649, in great poverty. The College, at the
comitia majora extraor dinar ia of 13th December, 1649,
voted to his widow a moiety of the profits to accrue
from the second " London Pharmacopoeia : " *' Halfe of
the money due for the ' Dispensatory ' was by the
Colledge given to Mrs. Grent, in regard of her husband
Dr. Grent, his great poverty at his death." '"''
Thomas Fox, M.D., was a grandson of Fox the
martyrologist, and a nephew of Simeon Fox, M.D., a
distinguished fellow and president of the College before
* Dr. Harney draws anything but a pleasing picture of this physi-
cian : '^ Vixit sine seniorum gratia, et, quod facile sequitur, sine
juvenum reverentia. Nee felicitate usus estmajore apud cives ; ciira
enim ibi Nosocomii Divi Thomse esset medicus, idque munus obtinu-
isset non Curatorum suffragiis, sed ex improvise, per Regis mandatum
(qnod facile erat impetratu, pro gratia, qua apud Regem erat Comi-
tissa Denbighiana, et qua vicissim apud illam, affinem suam et
pridem heram Doctoris hujus uxor,) accidit, ut ejus loci Praefectis
miniis acceptus esset, et prseter modicum Hospitii salarium, vix
quicquam ultra lucraretur : non quod eximie illiteratus esset, sed
(ut ajebant) insulsus ; non quod indiligens. Bed modi nescius, et
bJateraudo proximus futilitati."
1625] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 185
mentioned.'"' From Samuel Fox's MS. Diary in the
British Museum, we learn that Thomas Fox was the
eldest son of Samuel Fox, that he was born on Shrove
Sunday, February 14, 1591, at Havering in the Bower,
in the King's house, and that his sponsors at the font
were Sir Thomas Heneage, Sir John Leveson, and my
Lady Finch. On the 19th June, 1607, he was matri-
culated at Magdalen hall, Oxford ; he became demy of
Magdalen college in 1608, proceeded A.B. 10th June,
1611, A.M. 5th July, 1614, was elected fellow of his
college in 1618, was junior proctor 20th June, 1620,
and bursar 1622-1625. On the 2nd November, 1615,
he was allowed to divert to medicine, being one of the
six Magdalen college fellows who are allowed to go out
in law or physic. He proceeded M.D. at Oxford, but
the date of his degree is not stated, and on the 25 th
June, 1623, he was admitted a Candidate of the Col-
lege of Physicians, t
John Anthony, M.D., was the son of Francis
Anthony, M.D., a noted empirick of his time, the in-
ventor and vendor of the so-called " Aurum Potabile,"
against whom as may be seen in Dr. Goodall's book, the
College carried on a long course of judicial proceedings.
John Anthony, the subject of our present notice, was
educated at Pembroke college, Cambridge, as a member
of which he graduated M.B. 1613, M.D. 1619. He
lived in Bartholomew's-close, succeeded to the more
reputable part of his father's practice, and was admitted
a Licentiate of the College in 1625. He died 28th
April, 1655, aged 70, and was buried at St. Bartholo-
mew's the Great, Smithfield ; was the author of
Lucas Redivivus, or the Gospel Physician. 4to. Lend. 1654.
Sir Francis Prtjjean, M.D. — Tins distinguished
physician was born in Essex, and educated at Caius
college, Cambridge. He was matriculated a sizar of
* Vide p. 147, ante.
f Information from the Rev. J. R. Bloxam, D.D.
186 ROLL OF THE [1626
that house in April, 1610, proceeded M.B. 1617, and
had a grace for M.D. in 1621, but was not admitted
under it. In virtue of another grace he was admitted
M.D. in 1625. Dr. Prujean was admitted a Licentiate
of the College of Physicians 22nd December, 1621 ; a
Candidate, 22nd December, 1622 ; and a Fellow the
day after Palm Sunday, 1626. The early years of his
professional life were spent in the country ; in the year
1630 he appears among the Socii absentes, and in 1637
is one of the Socii in longinquis partibus, his place
of abode being then Lincolnshire, " in agro Lincoln."
Shortly after this he must have settled in London. I
meet with him as Censor in 1639, and again in 1642,
1643, 1644, 1645, 1646, 1647 ; Registrar from 1641 to
1647 inclusive ; Elect, 2nd November, 1647 ; President,
1650, 1651, 1652, 1653. In 1654 Harvey was elected
President, but excusing himself on account of age and
mfirmities. Sir Francis was, on his advice, chosen for
the fifth time. He was Treasurer from 1655 to 1663 ;
Consiliarius, 1656 ; and thenceforward uninterruptedly
to his death on the 23rd June, 1666."" He was knighted
by Charles II, 1st April, 1661. Sir Francis Prujean
was buried at Hornchurch, Essex. The office of com-
posing his epitaph was assigned by vdll to Dr. Hamey,t
who gives it at length in his " Bustorum aliquot
Reliquiae."
Feanciscus Peujean,
M"^® Doctor et Eques Auratus,
heic sepultus est.
* Harney, then Registrar of the College, records his services as
follows : " Summatim, post factas sedes Collegii proprias : post
extructam instructamque Bibliothecam : post anctum interea sera-
rium : et post exactum in re medica moderanda quinquennium,
Maoistratu cessit solenniter D"" Prujean Preeses, Octob. 1, 1655."
f In Sir Francis Prujean's will, dated 23rd April, 1666, we read :
" My body I leave to the earthe from whence it came, to bee in-
terred in Hornechurch neere my late deceased wife, and to have a
decent monument made for myself and late wife and sonne, Thomas
Prujean, deceased, with such inscription as my worthy friend Dr.
Harney shall think fitt."
1626] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 187
Vir medicina; dogmaticse, et empiricEe
juxta sciens.
Et
ad lianc Artem suam paulo severiorem temperandam,
indeptus, lusus vice, liberalem
prorsus, Penicelli, Torni,
ac Jjjrad peritiam.
Interea
ipse Medicorum Londinensium presses diu et princeps,
unigenitum filium, raro exemplo, Collegii sui
habuit socium : cujus post demortui, et
curp matre, heic conditi, jacturara
resarcivit utcunque spes duorum
superstitum nepotum, quos Avus
supremis tabulis, in spem majorem,
agris, nummis, libris et eemeliis
abunde ditavit.
Summatim cupis habere Lector omnia ?
quae, in Pr^<jeani nomine, primam facit Prwdentia syllabam :
Haec porro, in tola honiinis vita, utramque fecit paginam.
Denique
inter promptissima obsequia secundae uxoris snas,
nobilissimee e Gorgiorum gente matronae,
pridie D. Baptistae, anno 1666,
placide exspiravit.
Una qnidem morte, totiesque fugata, tum demum factus minor,
cum autumni ferme septies deni, virtutem pristinam
exhausissent.
Nee vere minor : cum mox secutos Urbis deflagrationis
tot diros dies, quasi usus morte, evaserit.
Sir Francis Prujean was a man of elegant tastes,
of varied and extensive acquirements, and was re-
spected and trusted equally by the public as by his
own profession. We are told by Pepys, " Diary, 24th
October, 1663," that he acquired great honour by his
attendance on Catherine, the queen of Charles II, in
a severe attack of spotted fever, and that her majesty's
recovery was universally ascribed to a cordial pre-
scribed by him at a critical moment, " which in her
despair did give her rest and brought her to some hopes
of recovery." Of his tastes and amusements we gain
some insight from a passage in Evelyn's Diary, 9th
August. 1661 : "^^ I went to that famous physician. Sir
Francis Prujean, who showed me his laboratory, his
workhouse for turning, and other mechanics ; also
188 ROLL OF THE [1626
many excellent pictures, especially the Magdalen of
Caracci, and some incomparable ijciysages done in dis-
temper. He played to me likewise on the polythore,
an instrument having something of the harp, lute, and
theorbo, by none known in England, nor described by
any author, nor used but by this skilful and learned
doctor," Keverting to our former authority, Pepys,
we learn that Sir Francis's second marriage, with a
widow,'" took place about a year only before his death,
that " he died very rich, and had for the last year
lived very handsomely, this lady bringing him to it.
He was no great painstaker in person, yet died very
rich, and, as Dr. Clarke says, was of very great judg-
ment, but hath writ nothing to leave his name to
posterity." Sir Francis Prujean's portrait, probably by
Streater, painted in 1662, is in the College. It was
purchased in 1873 of Miss Prujean, a direct and it is
beHeved the last surviving descendant of Sir Francis.
Fenton was a surgeon, who, after examina-
tion by the Censors, received a Hcence to administer
internal medicines in surgical complaints. t I cannot
recover the precise date of such hcence, but it was
apparently granted in the early part of 1626. At any
rate, Mr. Fenton was present at the College with the
Licentiates, to hear the statutes read on the 22nd Decem-
ber, 1626, and he took the oath of allegiance to the
king at the College on the 2nd November, 1627.
Thomas Gilbourne, M.D., a doctor of medicine (of
what university is not recorded in our Annals), was
admitted a Licentiate of the College of Physicians 7th
July, 1626. He died towards the end of August, 1638,
as I learn from Hamey, who adds.. " ille in vultu gestu-
que, quam in recessu, plus habebat."
* The Lady Margaret, daughter of Edward Lord Gorges, and
relict of Sir Thomas Fleming. They were married at Westminster,
1:3th Feb. 1664-5. After the death of Sir Francis, she married Sir
John Maynard, knt. serjeant-at-law.
t Vide vnfra, p. 183. Mauritius Aubert.
1627] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 189
Elkin, A.m., a master of arts of Cambridge
of three years' standing, was admitted a Licentiate of
the College 3rd February, 1626-7.
John Bastwick, M.D., was born at Writtle, in
Essex, in the year 1593. He was entered at Emmanuel
college, Cambridge, in May, 1614, but continued there
for a short time only. Leaving Cambridge without
any degree, he travelled for several years upon the
continent, and divided his time between the schools
and the camp. On the 14th January, 1614, he was in-
scribed on tlie philosophy line at Leyden, and he re-
turned there some years later and entered himself on
the physic line. On the 13th January, 1622, he pro-
ceeded doctor of medicine at Padua. Keturning to
England, he married a daughter of Dr. Leonard Poe,
a P'ellow of the College, and physician to the king's
household. On the 15th February, 1624-5, he was ad-
mitted an Extra-Licentiate of our College, and settled
at Colchester, where he practised physic for a time.
It is probable that he soon left Colchester and removed
to London, for on the 4th May, 1627, after the usual
examinations before the Censors, he was admitted a
Licentiate.
Apparently not satisfied with his progress in the
profession, and being a man of strong zeal and warm
imagination, he applied himself to writing, more par-
ticularly against Popery. About the year 1633, he
printed in Holland his " Elenchus Reh'gionis Papis-
ticse," together with " Flagellum Pontificis et Epis-
coporum Latialium." The bishops of the Church of
England conceiving themselves calumniated, our author
was brought before the High Commission Court, and
on the 12th February, 1633, was lined 1,000/., sentenced
to be excommunicated, debarred the practice of physic,
his books to be burnt, to pay the costs of suit, and to
remain in prison until he made his recantation. The
College proceeded to carry out one part of the sentence,
and revoked his licence to practice, as we see from the
190 EOLL OP THE [lG27
following memoi'andum : — " 1634, February 18. It
was proposed by Mr. President to the Censors whether
Dr. Bastwick having been lately censured for misde-
meanour and insolence in the High Commission Court,
and thereupon committed to prison, should not be de-
barred practice. The Censors taking due notice of his
misdemeanour and evil carriage in the Court have re-
voked his licence, and have declared hun not to be per-
mitted to practice."
Dr. Bastwick was imjorisoned in the Gatehouse, but
his violent temper would not permit him to be quiet.
During his confinement he wrote " Apologeticus ad
Prgesules Anglicanos," &c., or an apology for him-
self, addressed to the bishops ; and another entitled
" Letany," wherein he grossly reflected on the bishops,
taxed them with an inclination to Popery, and ex-
claimed against the severity and injustice of the High
Commission's proceedings against him. This led to
further proceedings, and on the 11th March, 1637, an
information was exhibited against Bastwick, Henry
Burton, B.D., and William Prynne, a barrister-at~law,
in the Star Chamber, by the Attorney-General, for
writing and publishing seditious, schismatical, and
libellous books against the hierarchy and the Church.
They were served with subpoenas returnable immedi-
ately, but refused to appear unless they were allowed
access to counsel. This being granted, they prepared
theu' answers ; but that of Dr. Bastwick was of such a
character, that even his own counsel refused to sign
it. One passage in particular, quoted by Whitelocke,
was so objectionable, that the doctor's own friends
begged of him to expunge it. This he obstinately
refused to do, and after much hagghng with the court,
and even a threat to expose the infamous proceedings
against him, through the whole length and breadth of
the Christian world, sentence was about to be passed.
Bastwick hereupon made some remarks, and in his per-
oration, alluding to the punishment which he was aware
was designed for him, expressed himself in the follow-
1G27] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 191
ing extraordinary terms : — " I shall presume to say
unto your honours, as Paul spake unto the Centurion.
What said he ? ' Would you whip a Roman ? ' So,
my good lords, let me say unto your honours, What !
will you cut off a true and loyal subject's ears for doing
his duty to his king and country ? Will you cut off
a scholar's ears, will you cut off a doctor of physic's
ears, able to cure lords, peers, kings, and emperors ?
Will you cut off a Christian's ears, will you make curs
of Christians, my lords ? Will you cut off a catholic,
apostolic, a Roman's ears V Then, brethren and fathers,
what an age do we live in, that we must thus be exposed
to the merciless fury of every malignant spirit ! " This
appeal had no effect in mitigating the sentence. Bast-
wick, Burton, and Prynne were censured as scandalous,
seditious, and infamous persons, and condemned in a
fine of 500Z. each, to stand in the pillory, and there to
lose their ears, and to perpetual imprisonment in three
remote places of the kingdom. They were set in the
pillories in Palace-yard, Westminster, 30th June, 1637,
when Bastwick made a very odd speech, which is given
at length by Fuller. Soon after he was sent to Laun-
ceston castle, Cornwall, Prynne to Caernarvon, and
Burton to Lancaster castle. But even at these dis-
tances they found means to maintain a correspondence,
and to have some of their more virulent writings dis-
persed in London, whereupon the court saw fit to
remove them to a greater distance. Bastwick was sent
to St. Mary castle, in the Scilly Isles, Prynne to Jersey,
and Burton to Guernsey, where they were strictly in-
terdicted from communication with anyone. The pun-
ishment was generally considered exorbitant, and alto-
gether disproportionate to their offence. On the meet-
ing of Parhament, in 1640, a petition was presented to
the House of Commons, wherein it was requested that
the justice and rigour of their sentence might be re-
viewed and considered, and their persons brought from
those remote and desolate places they were confined in,
to London, that so they might be able to facilitate or
192 .. ROLL OF THE [1627
attend to their own business. Upon this, the House
ordered that they should be removed from the " foreign"
prisons they were in, to the places to which they were
first committed, and for that purpose warrants were
signed by the Speaker to the governors and captains
of the several castles, to bring them in safe custody to
London. Bastwick landed at Dover, 4th December,
had his charges born all the way to London, was
loaded with presents, and received everywhere by vast
numbers of people, with wonderful acclamations of joy.
As he approached Southwark he was met by great
crowds of Londoners with boughs and flowers, and con-
ducted by them to his lodgings in the City. The 21st
February following, the House of Commons declared
that the several proceedings against him were illegal,
unjust, and against the Hberty of the subject ; that the
sentence passed upon him be rescinded, his fine re-
mitted, and he himself restored to his profession ; and
that for reparation for his losses, he ought to have
5,000^. out of the estates of the archbishop of Canter-
bury, the High Commissioners, and those lords who
had voted against him in the Star Chamber. The Col-
lege of Physicians, on the 18th December, 1640, rein-
stated him in his position as a Licentiate, "^^ but the
ensuing confusion of the times prevented the payment
of the 5,000Z. We find, however, that in 1644 his wife
had an allowance ordered for her own and her husband's
maintenance, and on the 24th December, 1648, there
was a debate about ordinances for him to have repara-
tion for the illegal sentence against him in the Star
Chamber. What became of him after that is not
known. It is generally thought that he returned to
Colchester. t He died apparently in London. Smith|
records his burial on the 6th October, 1654.
* " D. Presidens et Censores judicabant D. Bastwick in locum
quern habuit in Collegio et ad libertatem praxios restituendum ; et
amota superiorum censura pro restituto habendum et accipiendum
apud omnes Socios, Candidates et Licentiates." — Annales, Decemb.
xviii, 1640.
t Biographia Britannica. X Obituary.
1G27] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 193
Alexius Vodka, M.D., a Scotchman born, and a
doctor of medicine, but of what university is not stated,
Avas admitted an Extra- Licentiate of the College on
the 29th June, 1627. He practised at York, and mar-
ried Ellen, daughter of Sir George Palmer, of Naburn.
She was buried at St. Saviour's, York, 8th November,
1661 ; he at the same place 14th May, 1666.
Adam Moesler, a German (natus Stetini in Pome-
riana Germania), and apparently not a graduate, was
admitted an Extra-Licentiate of the College 11th Sep-
tember, 1627.
James Moleyns or Mullins was a surgeon. On the
24th September, 1627, he was hcensed by the CoUege
to administer internal medicines in surgical diseases.
Mullins was the leading lithotomist of his time, and
held the special office of " surgeon for the stone " to the
two royal hospitals of St. Bartholomew and St. Thomas.
The engagement between him and the governors of St.
Bartholomew's, dated 20th January, 1622—3, defining
his duties, &c., is given by Sir James Paget, Bart., in
his Records of Harvey, 8vo. Lond., 1846, p. 30. He
died in 1686, and was buried in St. Bride's, Fleet-
street. His monument there describes him as " Master
of Chirurgery" and "servant to their Majesties K.
Charles II and K. James II."'"
Daniel Oxenbridge, M.D., was born in Surrey,
and educated at St. Peter's college, Westminster,
whence he was elected, in 1589, to Christ church, Ox-
ford. He accumulated his degrees in physic, proceeding
M.D. 23rd May, 1620. He settled in the first instance
at Daventry, in Northamptonshire, and practised there
for a time, but subsequently removed to London, was
admitted a Candidate of the College of Physicians in
August, 1626, and a Fellow 22nd November, 1627.
* Stow's Survev of London, by Strype. Fol., Loud., 1 722, vol. i,
p. 266.
VOL. I. O
194 ROLL OF THE [1627
He married Katherine, daughter of Thomas Harby, of
Adston Northants, a sister of Sir John Harby, knight
and bart., one of the commissioners of Customs, and
died, as we are told by Harney, on the 24th August,
1642.
EzECHiAH CosENS, M.D., of Christ's college, Cam-
bridge, A.B. 1615, A.M. 1619, M.D. 1626, was ad-
mitted a Candidate of the College of Physicians 22nd
December, 1627.
Peter Chamberlen, M.D., was the son of Peter
Chamberlen, a surgeon, who practised in the city of
London. He was educated at Merchant Taylors' school,
and graduated doctor of medicine at Padua, on the 16th
September, 1619; was incorporated on that degree at
Oxford, 26th June, 1620, and at Cambridge in 1621.
Dr. Chamberlen was admitted a Candidate of the Col-
lege of Physicians 6th July, 1626, and a Fellow (though
not without some misgivings on the part of the Col-
lege) on the 7th April, 1628.'" On the 23rd November,
1659, for repeated acts of contumacy, he was, by a vote
of the College, dismissed from his Fellowship : " decreto
Collegii, in Collegii societate locum amisit." " Dr.
Chamberlen," says Tanner, " was aHve, but crazy, 7th
November, 1682." His reputation as a practitioner
must, however, have been considerable, for it reached
even to Ilussia, and attracted the attention of the
Czar, who wrote with his own hand a letter to Charles I,
begging him to allow the doctor to enter his service,
understanding that he was willing to do so. Great
preparations were made for his reception at Archangel,
* Dr. Cliamberlen -was elected a Fellow 29th March, 1628, under
which date I read : " Turn actum est, de electione Socii in locum
vacantem, et eligitur Dr. Chamberlen per majorem partem sufira-
giorum ; sed decernitur ut voce Pra^sidentis admoneatur graviter
de commutanda ratione vestitus, quo nimis levi et aulicee juventuti
similiori utebatur : neq. prius admittatnr, quam se consuetudini
Collegii et Collegarum decenti et modesto se assuefacerit." — An-
nales, iii, 181.
I
1G27] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 195
which was then the way from London to Moscow ; but
a letter arrived from the king, excusing himself for
refusing the Czar's request, upon the grounds that, as
a native Russian, Dr. Ehnston, had been studying
medicine in England, and had returned to his own
country, so was he capable of filling the office of body
physician to the Czar. Dr. Chamberlen was exten-
sively engaged in the practice of midwifery, and at one
time attempted, in direct opposition to the wishes of
the College of Physicians, to obtain from the crown
authority to organize the female practitioners in that
department into a company, with himself at their head,
as president and examiner. He survived until 22nd
December, 1683, and was buried at the church of
Woodham Mortimer, co. Essex, where he is commemo-
rated by a monument, with the following inscription :
Here lyes y® body of Doctor Peter Chambei'len, who was born on
tbe 8th of May, 1601, and died on the 22nd of December, 1683,
being aged 82 years, 7 months, and 14 days. He had 2 wives, and
by y'' first, Jane Middleton, had 11 sons and 2 daughters, and
amongst them 45 grandchildren and 8 great-grandchildren, whereof
were living at his death 3 sons, viz., Hugh, Paul, and John, and his
2 daughters and 20 grandchildren, and 6 great-grandchildren. By
y® second, Ann Harrison, he had 3 sons and 2 daughters, whereof
only Hope was living at his death, who hath erected this monument
in memory of his father.
The said Peter Chamberlen took y® degree of Doctor in Physick
in severall universities, both at home and abroad, and lived such
above three score years, being Physician in Ordinary to three kings
and queens of England, viz.. King James and Queen Anne, King
Charles y^ first and Queen Mary, King Charles y® Second and
Queen Katherine, and also to snme foreign princes, having travelled
to most parts of Europe, and speaking most of the languages. As
for his religion, was a Christian, keeping y® commandments of God
and faith of Jesus, being baptized about y® year 1648-, and keeping
J* seventh day for y® Sabbath above 32 years.
To tell his learning and his life to men,
Enough is said by here lies Chamberlen.
Death my last sleep, to ease my careful head ;
The grave my hardest, but my easiest bed.
The end of sorrow, labour, and of care ;
The end of trouble, sickness, and of feare.
Here I shall sin no more ; no more shall weep ;
Here's only to be found a quiet sleep.
o 2
196 ROLL OF THE [1627
Death's but onr night ; my life hath many seene ;
My life brought death ; death brings me life again.
Seeds rise to trees ; hearbes rise again from seed ;
Shall bodies, then, of men obtain worse speed ?
We daily dye, entomb'd in sleep and night;
But in the morning we renue our light.
Hence spring my joyes and comforts evermore ;
I cannot feele but what Christ felt before.
We now believe, and heare, and talk by guess ;
Then I shall see, and what I see possess.
And when I wake, wrapt in eternal light
Of God and Christ, I know no more of night.
Crown'd with eternal glories, ever blest,
Oh ! happy rest that brings me all the rest.
Bodies calcined to jemms like stars shall sing,
Ravish'd with joyes and praises of my King.
Praised be God my Saviour, praise His name ;
Angels and saints sing vpith me of his fame.
These verses were found made, written, and ordered by Doctor
Peter Chamberlen, here interred, for his epitaph.
Dr. Chamberlen was a voluminous writer ; we have
from his pen —
A Paper delivered in by Drs. Alston, Hamseus, Bates, and Mickle-
thwaite, together with an answer by P. Chamberlen. 4to. Lond.
1648.
The Poor Man's Advocate ; or, England's Samaritan, &c. 4to.
Lond. 1649.
Master Blackwell's Sea of Absurdity concerning Sprinkling,
calmly driven back. 4to. Lond. 1650.
The Disputes between Mr, Crawford and Dr. Chamberlen at the
house of Mr. William Webb. 4to. Lond. 1652.
A Discourse between Captain Kiffin and Dr. Chamberlen about
Imposition of Hands. 4to. Lond. 1654.
Legislative Power in Problems. Folio. Lond. 1659.
The Sober Man's Vindication, discovering the true cause and
manner how Dr. Chamberlen came to be reported mad. Folio.
Lond. 1662.
Vindication of Public Artificial Baths. 4to. Lond. 1648.
A Voice in Rhama, or a Cry of Women and Children. 12mo.
Lond.
To my Beloved Friends and Neighbours of the Blackfriars. Lond.
Folio.
And from his papers — •
The Accomplished Midwife ; subsequently enlarged, and often re-
printed.
Dr. Chamberlen purchased the manor house of Woodham
1629] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 197
Mortimer hall, near Maldon, co. Essex, where a curious
collection of midwifery instruments, and among these
the forceps, was accidentally discovered about the year
1815. They are now in the possession of the Medico-
Chu'urgical Society.
David Beton, M.D., a Scotchman, a doctor of medi-
cine of Padua, and physician in ordinary to king
Charles I. was on the 3rd June elected, and on the 25th
June, 1629, actually admitted, a Fellow of the College
of Physicians. Tn 1630 his name is among the iSocii
absentes ; but he was again in London in 1637. He
was in attendance on the court at Berwick, where he
died after a week's illness, and was buried in the church
there 10th July, 1639.'"
Galen Browne, A.M. — A master of arts of Trinity
college, Cambridge, of 1608, was admitted an Extra
Licentiate, 24th August, 1629. He was a son of
Dr. Lancelot Browne, a fellow of the college, and physi-
cian to queen Elizabeth, and a brother-in-law of the
great Harvey, who in his will leaves him twenty pounds
a year for life.
Mauritius Aubert. — A Frenchman, who held the
office of principal surgeon to the queen, was examined
on the 26th November, 1629, and a Hcence granted him
to administer internal medicines in the treatment of
surgical diseases. " Mauritius Aubert, natione Gallus,
primus Chirurgus Begineus, petiit fieri sibi Licentiam,
exhibendi interna medicamenta in casibus chirurgise,
eadem libertate et forma, qua indultum est D". Fenton
et D° Moulins Chirurgis."
William Powell, a native of Somersetshire, then
practising at Taunton in that county, was admitted an
Extra-Licentiate 27th November, 1629.
James Primrose, M.D., was born in France of Scotch
* Memorials of Harvey, by J. H, Aveling, M.D. Svo. Lond.
1875, p. 9.
198 ROLL OF THE [1629
parents. He was educated at Bordeaux, where he
graduated master of arts, but proceeded doctor of medi-
cine at Montpelier, and was incorporated at Oxford in
March, 1628. He was admitted a Licentiate of the
College of Physicians lOtli December, 1629. He was
married in 1640 at the Walloon church in London, to
Louise de Hankmont.^^" " This learned doctor, says
Wood, was the son of Dr. Gilbert Primrose, a Scotch-
man, was born in the city of St. Jean d'Angely, in the
province of Xantoigne in France, and afterwards lived
and practised his faculty at Hull, in Yorkshire, where,
and in most parts of that country, he was esteemed an
eminent physician." Dying in December, 1659, he was
buried on the 20th of that month at Holy Trinity
church, Hull. Dr. Primrose was a voluminous writer,
" contentiosus veterum defensor," says Haller, and from
the first opposed himself to the teaching of Harvey. He
had been a pupil of E-iolanus, professor of anatomy in
the university of Paris, and had doubtless listened
to his master's demonstration of the absurdity of the
Harveian doctrine of the circulation. On settling in
England, he set himself down, by way apparently of
attracting attention to himself and of exercising his
ingenuity, to try the question, not by fact and experi-
ment, but by the precepts he had imbibed from his
teacher and the writings of the ancients. The essay of
Primrose, Exercitationes et Animadversiones in librum
Gulielmi Harvsei, &c., may be regarded, says Dr. Wil-
lis,t "as a defence of the physiological ideas of Galen
against the innovations of Harvey. It is remarkable
for any characteristic rather than that of a candid
spmt in pursuit of truth ; it abounds in obstinate de-
nials, and sometimes in what may be termed dishonest
perversions of simple matters of fact, and in its whole
course appeals not once to experiment as a means of in-
vestigation." Harvey, of course, deigned him no reply.
* Burn's History of the French, Walloon and other foreign Pro-
testant Refugees. 8vo. Lond. 1846, p. 32.
t Life of Harvey, p. 42.
1G30] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 199
Among Dr. Primrose's numerous publications the follow-
ing, as the most important, may be enumerated : —
Exercitationes et Animadversiones in librum Gulielmi Harvaei de
Motu Cordis et Circulatione Sangainis. 4to. Lond. 1630.
Academia Monspeliensis descripta. Ejusdem laurus Monspeliaca.
Ad Thomam Claytonum apud Oxon. Reg. Prof. Oxon. 4to. 1631.
Animadversiones in J. Waleei Disputationem quam pro Circula-
tione Sanguinis proposuit. 4to. Amst. 1639.
Animadversiones in Theses quas pro Circulatione Sanguinis in
Academia Ultrajectensi D. Henr. le Roy disputandas proposuit. 4to.
Leidae, 1640.
Antidotum adversas spongiam venenatam Henr. Regii. 4to.
Leidse, 1640.
De Vulgi in Medicina Erroribus, Libri iv. Lond. 12mo. 1638.
Translated into English by Rob. Wittie, Doctor of Physick of Hull.
8vo. Lond. 1651.
Aphorismi necessarii, nee non questiones qusedam, ad doctrinam
Medicinse acqairendam perutiles, &c. 4to. Lugd. Bat. 1647.
Enchiridion Medicum practicum de Morbis Communibus. 8vo.
Amstel. 1650.
Ars Pharmaceutica methodus brevissima de eligendis et compo-
nendis Medicinis. 12mo. Amst. 1651.
De Mulierura Morbis et Symptomatis Libri v, in quibus plurimi
tam veterum turn recentiorum errores breviter indicantur et ex-
plicantur. 4to. Roterod. 1655.
Destructio Fundamentorum Vopisci Fortunati Plempii. 4to.
Roterod. 1657.
De Febribus. Lib. iv. 4to. Roterod. 1658.
Partes Duae de Morbis Puerorum. 12mo. Roterod. 1659.
John Turner, M.D., a doctor of medicine of Leyden,
born at Middleburg in Germany, though of English
parents, was admitted a Licentiate 4th June, 1630.
Mark Antony Phillipi, A.M., a native of Venice
and a master of arts, who had left his country on
account of his religion, " qui hue confugit, religionis
gratia," was admitted an Extra-Licentiate 8th October,
1630.
Sir Thomas Cadyman, M.D., was born in Norfolk,
and educated at Trinity college, Cambridge, where he
proceeded A.B. 1605-6, A.M. 1609. He graduated
doctor of medicine at Padua in March, 1620, passed
his examinations before the Censors of the College of
200 ROLL OF THE [1630 »
Physicians in May and June, 1623, and at the comitia
major a of June 25 th was ordered to get incorporated
at one of our own universities : " monetur ut prius
incorporatus alterutra in academia nostrate, turn redeat
cum gratia." Whether he was so or not does not ap-
pear. For some unexplained reason, but probably his
religion (he was a Catholic), his admission to the Col-
lege was postponed for more than seven years. In
1626 he was Hving in Fetter-lane, and was returned to
the parhamentary commissioners by the College as a
"papist," and in the list for 1628 he appears, with
many others, as " nee permissi nee solventes." On the
3rd December, 1630, he was admitted a Licentiate of
the College, and within three weeks from that time,
namely, 22nd December, 1630, being then physician in
ordinary to the queen (Henrietta Maria), was admitted
a Fellow. He was appointed Anatomy lecturer in
1649 ; but, as we learn from Hamey, performed the
duties of that office in a manner neither creditable to
himself nor worthy of the College. He became an
Elect 25th June, 1650, and died 2nd May, 1651.'''^ In
* " Thomas Cademan eques auratus, medicus regineus et collegii
socius, sed tarn rarus in collegio, ut nostrum aliquibus, bimis
quandoque et trimis, vix facie tenus esset notus. Interim dum
Priami regnum (ut ita loquar) staret corporis cultu praeminebat :
spectandus etiam eqao et puero, qui illi erat ab equo, ille insultare
solo, et gressus glomerarare superbos didicisse : his f uste feroculus
et ornatus institutis, rursum prorsum. currendo, preeludere vide-
batur elegant! Ephippiario. Sed rebus nostris indies in deterius
ruentibus, Regina, in patriam profuga, et Rege vim passo a larvato
carnifice : Collega noster minori curatura ad nos subinde visere, et
prgetermissam anatomici preelectoris vieem non vocatus ambire ;
PrEeses annuit ille ad prsestitutum tempus accinctus venit et spera
sui, palam inexerciti minime frustratur. Illud visum est ineptius,
et, ex ignorantia incertum, an de industria : occupasse semel a
prandio sedera suam, non exspectato Praeside, nee prsesente sociis ;
et recluso ostio, sivisse servos, famulos, pueros, pedissequos et
de plebe infercire nostros cuneos, atque ibi habuisse misere
jocularem lectionem. Post ilium diem equitem nostrum non vidi,
prius antem parum novi : et emortuum esse citius quoque intellexi
quam de morbo, cui ille admodum sexagenarius succubuit, spacio
post Anatomise exercitium triduanura vix triple." Bustorum ali-
quot Reliquiae auth : Balv : Hamey.
1630] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 201
the Library of the R)yal Medlco-Chirurgical Society is
a MS. of Sir Thomas Cadyman's,
De Signis Morborum tractatus : Opus posthumum cura Thomas
Clargicii :
with a dedication to Henrietta Maria, Queen of
Charles I.
Samuel Rand, M.D., was a native of Durham, the
son of James Rand, A.M., vicar of Norton in that
county, by his wife Margery, daughter of Edward
Banckes, rector of Long Newton. He was baptized
18th August, 1.588, and educated at Christ's college,
Cambridge, where he was admitted a pensioner in
July, 1606. He proceeded A.B. 1609-10, A.M. 1613.
On the 2nd September, 1616, he was entered on the
physic line at Leyden, but he graduated doctor of
medicine at Groningen. Doubtless he was incorpo-
rated on this degree in one of our own universities,
and probably in Cambridge. He was admitted a Can-
didate of the College of Physicians 6th July, 1626,
and a Fellow 22nd December, 1630. At this time he
must have been residing, and therefore probably prac-
tising his faculty, in London ; but before long he re-
turned to the north of England, and settled at New-
castle or its neighbourhood. He held the office of
" town physician " at Newcastle, but was displaced
21st April, 1642, and re-admitted in 1652. On his
death, soon after this, his nephew, William Hilton,
claimed 320^. of arrears due from the corporation. In
September, 1644, Dr. Rand was appointed master of
Greatham hospital by the Parliament, " for his good
services and great losses by the enemy." He was
buried at Gateshead 8th March, 1653-4.
Richard Hawley, M.D., was a native of Middlesex,
a fellow of Merton college, Oxford, and as a bachelor
of medicine, but of what university is not stated, was
on the 25th June, 1627, being then thirty-four years of
age, entered on the physic line at Leyden, where he
202 ROLL OF THE [1631
graduated doctor of medicine and was incorporated on
tiiat degree at Oxford 1 1th July, 1627. He was admitted
a Candidate of the College of Physicians 10th Decem-
ber, 1628, and a Fellow 22nd December, 1630. He
died, as we learn from Hamey, 30th April, 1636.
Sir Edward Alston, M.D., a native of Suffolk, was
educated at St. John's college, Cambridge, as a member
of which he proceeded A.B. 1615, A.M. 1619, M.D.
1626. He was incorporated at Oxford 10th July,
1626; was admitted a Candidate of the College of
Physicians 10th December, 1628, and a Fellow 4th
April, 1631. He was Censor in 1642 ; Elect, 9th Au-
gust, 1648 ; Treasurer, from 1640 to 1654 inclusive ;
Consiliarius, 1653, 1667, 1668 ; and President for twelve
consecutive years, viz., from 1655 to 1666, both in-
cluded. Being President of the College at the Resto-
ration of Charles II, he on the 3rd September, 1660,
kissed hands in his official capacity, and received the
honour of knighthood.
The affairs of the College had in the political disturb-
ances of the times fallen into great disorder. The funds
were well nigh if not quite exhausted ; the lectures
were suspended ; a large number of physicians were
settled and practising within the liberty of the College
without a licence ; and the examination of apothecaries'
apprentices, which for many previous years was rigor-
ously enforced, had been discontinued. Sir Edward
Alston, as President, exerted himself actively in the
correction of these abuses. With the view of bringing
within the pale of the College those practising without
its licence, and at the same time of improving the
finances of the Institution, he suggested in 1664 the
creation of Honorary Fellows : " 1664, Sept. 1. Com.
Maj. Extraordinariis. Resarciendis Collegii impensis,
firmandseque ejusdem auctoritati, consultum videbatur,
viros doctos, gravesque, Doctorattis laurea ornatos, in
Collegium nostrum, Sociorum Honorariorum titulo, ad-
sciscere. Placuit itaque omnibus hsec sententia : Quo-
1631] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 203
niam in urbe liac complures Doctores medici, turn set ate
et moribus graves, tnm dignitatis ac literarum fama
celebres reperiuntiir, quos examinationi publicse sisti
durum videtur, et tamen in Collegii nostri communita-
tem admitti commodum fuerit ; ideo statuimus et ordi-
namus, ut quicunque ejusmodi tesserae videbuntur, con-
sentientibus in id Sociorum plurimorum in Comitiis
Majoribus sufFragiis, Sociorum Honorariorum nomine
insigniantur ; medicinamq. intra civitatem banc ej usque
regiones amburbicas faciendi libertate aliisque privile-
giis gaudeant, quibus Socii, Candidatique extra Colle-
eium legitime fruantur."
" Anno 1664, Sept. xvj. Statutum de admittendis
Sociis Honorariis, sponsioque ab iis danda, praelegun-
tur, et plurimorum sufFragiis sanciantur."
In sequel to this statute, upwards of seventy phy-
sicians, many of whom, however, as will be seen here-
after, were resident in the country, and not in town,
were, ere the close of the year, elected Honorary Fel-
lows. The objects aimed at by the new regulations
were fully attained. All physicians f)^actising in Lon-
don were thus brought into the College, and the
finances of the Corporation were so much augmented,
that, as we are informed by Hamey, they were tiien in
a more prosperous condition than at any former period
in the history of the Institution. Misfortunes, how-
ever, of a severe character were in store. , In 1665,
when the plague was raging in London, the President
and most, if not all, the College officers retired for
safety into the country. During their absence the
College was broken into, and the treasure chest, con-
taining the whole of the College funds, now greatly
augmented by the contributions of the Honorary Fel-
lows, was robbed of its entire contents.'" In the fol-
* " 1665 Junii xxvi. Subito post, pestifera lues densissima strao-e
grassatur et complura hominum millia demessuit : sequutumq. nobis
est aliud maguum incommodum. ISTam postquam, Thesaurarii
potissimum suasu et consilio, supellectilem argenteam, mimraosq.
longo tempore corrasos, cist^ ferreEe in u^Edibus Collegii concre-
204
flOLL OF THE
[1631
lowing year the College, and the whole library, with a
few unimportant exceptions, were destroyed by the
great lire.'" Sir Edward Alston was still the President.
He entered warmly into the arrangements for rebuilding
the College, counselled liberality to his colleagues, and
by his own munificent promises encouraged them to
more ample contributions. At this point a difterence
unfortunately occurred among the Fellows as to the
site of the new building. Sir Edward not only took,
but by his conduct in and out of the College gave
offence to his colleagues, and at the general election
next ensuing Dr. Glisson was elected President. Sir
Edward thereupon revoked his promised subscriptions,
and died shortly afterwards at his house in Great St.
Helen's, Bishopsgate, on the 24th December, 1669.
Sir Edward Alston was fortunate in his professional
career, and accumulated an ample fortune. He married
his eldest daughter to a son of Sir John Langham, and
gave her a handsome dower. His youngest daughter
he married to a son of Sir Harbottle Grimston, endow-
ing her with the same sum he had given to the elder,
and when, shortly afterwards, she became a widow, Sir
Edward gave her an additional 10,000?. as a portion on
marrying into the family of the duke of Somerset. Sir
Edward Alston was the author of "A Collection of
Grants, &c., to the College of Physicians." 4to. Lond.
1660.
Edward Adye, A.M., a native of Essex, educated at
Emmanuel college, Cambridge, as a member of which
he proceeded A.B. 1624-5, A.M. 1628, was admitted
an Extra-Licentiate 7th September, 1631. He prac-
didimus, occlusisq. probe foribus, omnia in tuto fore arbitrati sumus ;
crescente plurinmm Libitinae censu, ipse sedium custos, Dr. Merrett,
sibi familiaeq. suae cavens, rus secedit; intereaq. aerarium nostrum,
mille circiter librarnm pretii, a Lavemione nescio quo, prorsus ex-
pilatum est."
* " 1666 2do Septembris, exortum est ingens, nee fando anditum
antehac incendium quo Urbs propemodum tota, ipsumq. adeo Col-
legium, cum maxima Bibliothecae parte, conflagrarunt." — Annales.
1632] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 205
tised in his native county, but in which part of it I am
unable to discover.
Edmund Smith, M.D., was born in London, and edu-
cated at Caius college, Cambridge, of which house he
was matriculated a pensioner in December, 1613. He
proceeded A.B. 1617-8, A.M. 1621 ; and on the 3rd
February, 1626-7, was admitted a Licentiate of the
College of Physicians, with the promise of being ad-
mitted a Candidate without further examination, when
he had taken his doctor's degree at Cambridge. This
he did in 1627, and on the 10th December, 1628, was
admitted a Candidate of the College, and a Fellow on
the 25th June, 1632. He was Censor in 1638, 1639,
1641, 1650, 1651, 1652, 1653; was appointed an Elect,
25th June, 1650 ; and died of pleurisy at his house in
Shoe-lane, on or about the 1 5th February, 1653-4, aged
fifty-four ; surviving for a fortnight only the opening of
the Harveian Museum, of which he had been one of the
most active promoters and supervisors ; and to whom
the munificent founder did due honour in the inscrip-
tion he caused to be inscribed on the building : " Suasu
et cura Franc. Prujeani Praesidis et Edmundi Smith
Elect : inchoata, et perfecta est hsec fabrica." Dr. Smith
left to the College 20/., which was paid on the 14th
June, 1654.*
* Dr. Harney represents him as an amiable, estimable, and learned
physician. He says : " Vere dignus Rege medicus ; ad quern iden-
tidem transcurrisse, et afSicto Carolo toties fortunas suas vitamque
postposuisse in confesso est : non minus dignus Collegio Socius,
cujus commodis et honori juxta cum fidelissimis semper invigilavit,
et cum Prujeano, prae ceeteris eminuit in Harvaei promovenda,
augenda atque adornanda erga nos munificentia. Moribus praeterea
vere niveis adversus omnes Socios ; seniores colens ea reverentia, qua
se aHquando senior cuperet a junioribus haberi ; juniorum autem
famee ita favens, ut semper meminisset tyrocinii sui ; cujus aetatis
quorundam invidiam ut olim senserat gravem, ita nunc omnem viro
hberali indignam esse et turpem censebat." * * * " Yirum
toroso vegetoque corpore, frugali vita, annos quatuor admodum, et
quinquaginta natum, facieque et cssarie multo pauciores praefer-
entem, tam ex improvise, simul et semel fatiscere ! Anhelosus
certe citra noxam pro aeris vicibus, din fuerat ; sed hoc Febiuario
206 ROLL OF THE [1632
Jauvis Dixon, a native of Doncaster, and a practi-
tioner in tiiat town, " after due examiDation and admo-
nition given to him that he should follow his study, be
careful of his practice, and in difficult cases should call
some learned physician to counsell," was admitted an
Extra-Licentiate 9th November, 1632.
Sir Maurice Williams, M.D., was born in London,
and educated at Oriel college, Oxford, of which house
he was elected a fellow in 1620. He took the degree
of doctor of medicine at Padua, and was incorporated
thereon at Oxford, 27th October, 1628. He was ad-
mitted a Candidate of the College of Physicians, 13th
August, 1629 ; and, as we learn from Wood, resigning
his fellowship at Oriel in 1631, then took up his abode
in London, and was admitted a Fellow of our College,
15th April, 1633. In the College list for 1637, he stands
among the ^' Socii in longinquis partibus," being then
in Ireland in the capacity of physician to the viceroy,
from whom he received the honour of knighthood. He
was Censor in 1648, 1649, 1655; Anatomy Reader,
1648 ; Elect, 16th May, 1651 ; and Consiliarius, 23rd
October, 1657, in place of Dr. Wright, deceased. In
June, 1655, he was married at St. Andrew's, Holborn,
to Jane Mawhood. Wood tells us that he died at his
house within the parish of St. Anne's, Blackfriars, in
the beginning of the year 1658. and was there, as he
supposes, buried.'"
Biibilo prseter solittim cselo, repente f actus est asthmaticus; ac irruente
una ferino catarrho confestim via spiritus preeclusa est et cordis
flammula extiiicta oleo alioqui et ellychnio abunde suppetente.
Hoc modo, vis fati inobservabilis abstulit eum nobis, cujus \'irtutes
promereri, viresque promittere multo longiorem vitam videbantur.
Nos autem (quod unum superabat) preestituto die, tristes funeris
exequias, solenni habitu, selectisque sex, qui honoris ergo, lacinias
emortualis straguli tesseris gentilitiis ornati, manibus suis sustine-
rent, ex gedibus nostri collegii ad sacellum Mercerum, proseeuti
sumus et sine concione ad Cbristianissimam normam ritualis nostri,
hodie fere antiquitati depositum cadaveris, terrae gremio, singulari
desiderio, mandavimus, conscientia amicorum, quodvis aliud pree-
conium superante."
* Dr. Harney supplies us with the following sketch : " Mauritius
1G33] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 207
Baldwin Hamey, Jun., M.D., the most munificent
of all the benefactors of our College, was the son of
Baldwin Hamey, M.D., already mentioned, who died in
1640, and bequeathed to the College 20l. The subject
of our present notice was born in London on the 24th
April, 1600, and received his rudimentary education at
one of the public city schools. In May, 1617, he was
entered on the philosophy line at Leyden, the college
in which his father had been educated, and resided
there many years, availing himself of the very full
curriculum of classical, philosophical, and medical studies
then taught in that distinguished university. Hamey
himself tells us'"' that he was first sent to Leyden, and
then to Oxford ; the date of his admission to the latter
was, as we learn from Wood, 1621, when " he was ad-
mitted a student into the public library." He returned
to Leyden in August, 1625, and there proceeded doctor
of medicine, the 12th August, 1626. t Dr. Hamey then
passed on into Germany, France, and Italy, making
some stay at each of the universities of Paris, Mont-
pelier, and Padua, availing himself of every opportunity
of improvement, and seeking the acquaintance of the
most celebrated scholars and physicians. He married
Anna Petin, the daughter of a considerable merchant
of Botterdam, a person of " great politeness and discre-
tion, well skilled in several languages, and of great
judgment and parts." Dr. Hamey was incorporated at
Oxford on his Leyden degree, 4th February, 1629-30 ;
was admitted a Candidate of the College of Physicians,
Williams, sedulus literatus elegansque medicus, ac in Hibemia
ejusdem illustrissimo Proregi StraiiordiEe Comiti gratiosus non e
multis. Ab illo, omnibus in valetudine sua moderanda preelatns est ;
ab eodem, censu equestri decoratns, donatusque affine sua in uxorem :
Tanto Mgecenati annos septemdecim superfuit : casus interim tanti
hgei'ois ita memor semper et misertus, ut tamen pr^e erecto animo
miserum eundem luctuosum Domini damnosumque fatum reddere
nequiverit. Denique Idus Maii utrique lethales ; Comiti quartus,
Equiti tertius."
* Bustorum aliquot Reliquias.
t Theses Inaugurales de Angina, 4!to. Lugd. Bat., 1626.
208 ROLL OF THE [1633
28th June, 1630 ; and a Fellow, 10th January, 1633-4.
I meet with him as Censor in 1640, 1642, 1643, 1644,
1646, 1648, 1652, 1654; Eegistrar, 1646, and again
1650 to 1654 included; Elect, 1st March, 1653-4;
Consiliarius, 4th June, 1658, in place of Sir Maurice
Williams, deceased, and thence on to 1666 ; Treasurer,
1664, 1665, 1666. Dr. Hame}^ delivered the anatomical
lectures at the College in 1647, and acquitted himself
in a manner highly satisfactory to his hearers. His
relative and biographer, Mr. Palmer, tells us''' that " in
these lectures appears such a noble spirit and ardour of
science and ingenuity, that the anatomist seems to con-
tend with the wit, the Grecian and Latinist with both,
which shall excell. His instructions in them were as
entertaining, as advantageous and improving to his au-
ditors ; wherein are discernible a thorough intimacy
with the writings of the ancient philosophers, orators,
historians, and poets, as well as the capital writers in
all the branches of physic, both Greek and Latin, and
he so blends their sayings with the matters he treats of,
that one would think those very passages to have been
written by them for the very purpose he designs them."
The MS. of these lectures, in the writing of Dr. Hamey,
is in the possession of the College, to which it was pre-
sented by Dr. Monro.
Dr. Hamey, by a sedulous course of study, and a
masterly comprehension of the two great authorities in
physic, Hippocrates and Galen, had fitted himself for
that success in practice which marked his future career.
* MS. Life of Hamey in the College. This MS. was presented
to the College by Mr. Gundry, of Richmond, whose note to Sir
Henry Halford, dated 20 November, 1824, is now before me. In it
Sir Henry adds, " Mr. Gundry has delivered the Antimonial cnp to
Mr, (Sir Henry) Ellis, and requests the acceptance of it by the
College." This refers to the Antimonial cup now in the College,
which belonged to Hamey. Mr. Gundry's wife, whose maiden
name was Palmer, was thought to be the last of the elder Dr.
Hamey's descendants. So said Mr. Ellis of the British Museum in
a letter to Sir Henry Halford, dated 15th November, 1824, but I
may state that the blood of the Hameys still exists in the Ella-
combes of Clyst St. George, co. Devon, and of Bitton, co. Gloucester.
1633] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 209
As a faithful member of the church of England, and a
devoted royalist, he was dismayed by the political events
which marked the early years of his practice, and at one
time, though then getting into full professional employ-
ment, had serious thoughts of quitting London. At
this juncture a circumstance occurred which determined
him to remain in town. " It pleased God," writes Mr.
Palmer, " to visit him personally, at this unhappy junc-
ture, with a severe fit of illness, a peripneumonia, which
confined him a great while to his chamber, and to the
more than ordinary care of his tender spouse. During
this affliction he was disabled from practice, but the very
first tune he dined in his parlour afterwards, a certain
great man in high station came to consult him on an
amorous case, ' ratione vagi sui amoris,' says Dr. Hamey,
and he was one of the godly ones too of those times.
After the doctor had received him in his study, and
modestly attended to the long rehgious preface, with
which he introduced his ignominious circumstances, and
Dr. Hamey had assured him of his fidelity, and given
him hopes of success in his affair, the generous soldier
(for such he was) drew out of his pocket a bag of gold,
and offered it all, in a lump, to his physician. Dr.
Hamey, surprised at so extraordinary a fee, modestly
declined the acceptance of it, upon which the great man,
dipping his hand into the bag, grasped up as much of
his coin as his fist could hold, and generously put it into
the doctor's pocket, and so took his leave. Dr. Hamey
returned into his parlour to dinner, which had waited
for him all that time, and smiling, whilst his lady was
discomposed at his absence so long, emptied his coat
jDocket into her lap. This soon altered the features of
her countenance, who, telling the money over, found it
to be thirty-six broad pieces of gold. At which she
being greatly surprised, confessed to the doctor that
this was surely the most providential fee he ever re-
ceived, and declared to him that she, during the height
of his severe illness, had paid away (unknown to him)
on a state levy, towards a public supply, the like sum
VOL. I. P
210 ROLL OF THE [1633
in number and value of pieces of gold, lest under the
lowness of his spirits it should have proved a matter of
vexation, unequal to his strength at that time to bear ;
which, being then so remarkably reimbursed to him by-
Providence, was the properest juncture she could lay
hold on to let him into the truth of it. Dr. Harney,
highly commending her prudence in this piece of con-
duct, as well as mindful religiously of this tenderness of
Providence over him, again fluctuating as he was till
now between his stay in or departure from the populous
and turbulent, but wealthy city, hence took courage
and resolution to stand the hazard of the times ; ' hoc
in faustum inter pretatus omen,' says Hamey, ' heic ma-
nendi et medicae artis prgestiturse temporum injuriis.'
The recovery of this patient brought many more of the
same cast, so that the committees for public levies were
seldom without one or another of them, who always,
when Dr. Hamey appeared upon their summons thither,
feigned some near relative's or friend's extreme illness,
for which he was immediately dismissed with content-
ment, as the lawyers say. And the more to serve his
purpose, he thought it sometimes necessary to move
with the stream, and went to hear, what he hated — a
barber perhaps, or a cobler hold forth ; but always took
care that his servant should carry for him an Aldus
edition of Virgil upon vellum, in binding and bulk re-
sembling an octavo Bible, to entertain himself with, or
a duodecimo edition of Aristophanes, canonically bound
too in red Turkey leather, with clasps, resembling a
Greek Testament."
Hamey 's sympathies, though he was practising among
the leadmg men of the Commonwealth, and basking in
their favour, were wholly with the exiled royal family.
He remitted to Charles II several sums of money during
the hardships of his exile. " I have," says Mr. Palmer,
" a receipt by me under kmg Charles the Second's own
hand, all written by himself at Breda, in which for a
blind he makes the money received of B. P. H. i.e.
B. 11. P. — Baldwin Hamey, physician." On the Pes-
1633] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 211
toration, Dr. Harney presented to the king a valuable
relic of Charles I, a diamond ring, which had been
plundered from the royal martyr, on which was cu-
riously cut the arms of England, Scotland, France, and
Ireland, and had cost the doctor 500/, Charles II, in
recognition of these services, and of Dr. Harney's
eminence in the profession, ofiered him a knighthood,
and the appointment of physician in ordinary to him-
self, honours which our physician begged permission
respectfully to decline. Dr. Harney was then getting
into years, and had for some time contemplated retiring
from practice. This he did in 1665, removing to Chel-
sea the year before the great fire, and thus saving his
library, MSS., and household furniture.
Inheriting a good patrimony, possessing for many years
a large and lucrative practice, having no family, but few
personal wants, and careful, though not parsimonious,
in his domestic expenditure, Dr. Hamey accumulated
abundant means for the exercise of his very benevolent
and charitable disposition. He was a liberal benefactor
to many poor but deserving scholars ; he assisted largely
in the repau's of the old metropoHtan church of St.
Paul's ; of that of AUhallows, Barking, where his pa-
rents were buried ; of his own parish church, St. Cle-
men t's-in-the-East ; and to the restoration of St. Luke's,
Chelsea. To the last-named he contributed between
three and four hundred pounds, besides givicg the
gi*eat bell, upon which he caused to be cast the follow-
ing inscription : —
Baldvinns Hamey, Pkil-Evangelicus Medicus, Divo Lucas Medico
Evangel. D.D.D.
In gratitude for these benefactions. Dr. Adam Little-
ton, at that time rector of Chelsea, appended to his
Latin dictionary some verses in praise of our physician.
But the College of Physicians was the chief object of
Dr. Harney's sohcitude and care ; he vies, indeed, with
his contemiporary Dr. Harvey in the frequency, and
rivals him in the extent, of his benefactions to the in-
p 2
212 ROLL OF THE [1633
stitution. In 1651, when the spoliation of church pro-
perty commenced, the College was situated in Amen
corner, on ground belonging to the cathedral church of
St. Paul. It was thus liable to confiscation at any mo-
ment. Dr. Harney at this juncture, with a generosity
which does him immortal honour, redeemed the pro-
perty out of his own private purse, and forthwith made
it over in perpetuity to his colleagues. His munifi-
cence on this occasion was gracefully acknowledged by
Dr. Prujean, the President, at the opening of the new
Harveian Museum m February, 1653-4. It is further
explicitly recorded in the following extract from the
Annals : " 1651, Septemb. 12. Baldvinus Hamey,
Baldvini filius, avertendo cuivis illiberali domino, has
sedes CoUegii, in communi "sectione bonorum Ecclesise,
sub hast4 positas, tempestive redemJt : easdemque, ne
cujuspiam superstruendse munificentise deesset, vivens
adhuc valensque, Sociis suis in perpetuum donavit,
anno 1651." To give more public expression to their
sense of gratitude for his benefactions to the College,
the assembled Fellows, at the quarterly Comitia, held
the 1st October, 1658, unanimously voted the erection
of a tablet to Dr. Harney's honour in the Harveian
Museum : " Omnibus Collegis prsesentibus, bonum fac-
tum visum est, ut, in gratitudinis testimonium. Tabula
Marmorea in honorem D"^ Hamsei (utpote insignis Be-
nefactoris) in Bibliotheca Harveiana extruatur."
Dr. Hamey contributed liberally to the fund for re-
building the College after the fire of 1666, and in addi-
tion, at his own sole cost, amounting, as Mr. Palmer tells
us, to some hundreds of pounds, wainscoted the Coenacu-
lum with fine Spanish oak, with fluted pilasters, orna-
mented capitals, an elegantly carved cornice, and his
coat of arms and crest finely cut, immediately over the
entrance.* A portion of this wainscoting was removed
* Under his arms was the following inscription : —
Hoc totnm opus intestinum, beuevolis
Sumptibus senioris nostri Collegas Baldvini Hamey,
Bald, fil., acceptum ferimus.
1633] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 213
from Warwick lane to the present College in Pall Mall,
and adds greatly to tlie ornament of the Censors' room.
The last act of Hamey's benevolence to the College was
similar to, and in imitation of Harvey. In 1657 Hamey
had purchased the estate and manor of Ashlins, near
Great Ongar, in Essex, which, on the 13th May, 1672,
he settled on the College of Physicians, in trust for cer-
tain purposes to be presently mentioned. The settle-
ment was made revokable at Dr. Hamey's pleasure, but
by his last will and testament he confirmed it to the
College for ever. The objects he had in view in this
donation were the following : to increase the salaries of
such of the physicians to the three royal hospitals who
should be chosen in obedience to the nomination of the
College ; to double the premium to the Harveian orator,
and to furnish certain gratuities to the President, Elects,
and Fellows ; whilst the remainder was to be applied to
the general purposes and advancement of the College.
Dr. Hamey died at his house at Chelsea, on the l4th
May, 1676, aged 76, and was buried on the 18th, just
within the chancel of Chelsea church. By his own di-
rection he was buried ten feet deep ; his body was en-
veloped in fine linen cloth, wrapped round and round
over it, and it was consigned to its mother earth, with-
out lead to enclose or vault to receive it. Over him
was placed a black marble slab, upon which was cut,
by his own direction, simply this, " When the breath
of a man goeth forth, he returneth unto his earth,"
(Psalm cxlvi, v. 4), with his name and the date of his
death. Some years afterwards, the inscription having
been obliterated, a mural monument of black marble,
with gilt letters and moulding, and his arms properly
emblazoned, was placed close by it, with the following
inscription : —
M.S.
In ipso Ecclesiee adyto
sub lato raarmore juxta deponitur
Baldvinus Hamey, M.D.
Academiee Lugdunensis Batavorum, Oxoniensis Anglorum.
Collegiique Medicorum Londinensis, deliciae, decus, et desiderium,
214 ROLL OF THE [1633
eniditorum olim. asylum, facultatis lumen, vera encyclopaedia,
ex animo phil-evangelicus Medicus, Anglus.
Obiit 14 Mail, anno restaurate Salutis 1676, setatis 76.
The College, in memory of his benefactions, caused
the following to be entered in the Annals : " 1676.
Julii xiij. Sciant posteri, qu5d Baldvinus Hamseus,
Baldvini filius, Musarum ac Apollinis, dum viveret,
dellciae erat : tarn sciens Latinse linguae ; non ipsum
Latium magis Latinum fuerat : tam Grsecse, non ipsse
Athense magis Atticee. Moribus ac vivendi regul^
ad amussim compositus. Olim diuque hujus Collegii
Socius, tandem seepius Censor, denique Regestarius,
Prsesidis munus ssepius oblatum, semper noluit. Equi-
tis aurati a Regia potestate non semel obtinendum
titulum cum gratiis non voluit ; ne Doctoratus excellen-
tiam contaminaret : acceptis simul ac repudiatis honori-
bus inclytus. Sub hasta Collegium iniquitate temporum
positum pater hie, non sibi, sed Collegio, magno impen-
dio redemerat, postulante necessitate in omnibus sump-
tibus faciendis public8B utilitati, cum primis magnificum
se ostendebat, Totum Coenaculi nostri intestinum opus
tam ornate tam affabre extructum, propriis sumptibus
consummavit. Supremis tabulis Collegium nostrum
lautissimorum duorum praediorum hseredem reliquit, ne
vita nimium desideraretur."
*' As to his person," writes Mr. Palmer, " Dr, Hamey
was but of low stature yet of a comely mien and his
aspect engaging. He had full beautifull and black eyes
wherein sat majesty and gracefulness in conjunct do-
nainion, his hair was black which he always wore, nor
long, nor short but not curling. He had a well turned
face and a very gracefull elevation in the carriage of his
head easy and free too without stiffness or affectation and
every feature of his countenance was good. Dr. Hamey
was a faithfull son of the Church of England as by law
established, a lover of the laws and constitutions as
well as the prosperity of his country, a- most dutyfull
subject, a faithfull friend, and a most charitable man."
A bust of Hamey, executed at the expense of the
i
1633] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 215
College, was placed there in 1684, but has long dis-
appeared: "1684. Postr. Palmarum, Effigies capitis
D™ Hamsei, e marmore affabre exculpta, Cohegii sumptu
comparata, in memoriam inamortalem beneticiorum a
tanto viro societati prsestitorum, senatui offerebatur.""'"'
Harney, though he wrote largely, I believe published
nothing but his inaugural dissertation at Leyden, on
quinsy. An essay from his pen, " On the Oath of Hip-
pocrates," was printed in 1688, after the doctor's death,
by his friend Dr. Adam Littleton. His remaining MSS.
are all in the possession of the College of Physicians.
They are —
Bustorum aliquot Reliquiae ; ab anno 1628, qui milii primus fuit
conducti, seorsim a Parentibus, non inauspicato, bospitii :
a series of sketches of his contemporaries, which has
been of great assistance to me in the preparation of this
volume.
Universa Medicina :
a small folio in double columns — being an epitome of
his knowledge and reading on medical subjects.
Notes and Criticisms on Aristopbanes. —
Dr. Atterl)ury, bishop of Kochester, to whom these
notes were submitted, thought so favourably of them,
that at his suggestion they were offered to Kuyster,
who was engaged in bringing out an edition of Aris-
tophanes in Holland. Kuyster's work had already
gone to press, and was so far advanced that he could
then make no use of them. The MS. was, therefore,
returned to Mr. Palmer, who then presented it to the
College. The half-length portrait of Dr. Hamey,t in
his 74 th year, with the heads of his two favourite
* In tbe Treasurer's book, under date 1684, April 12tb, I read —
" D"" Harney's bead of marble 50.00.00
Porter tbat brougbt it .... 00.05.00"
t Baldwinus Ham^us, vir omni laudum genere praestantissimus
qui summas ingenii dotes, liberalibus discipliiiis excoluerat, qui non
solum medicinam sed omnes ApoUineas artes feliciter excercebat ;
216 ROLL OF THE [1634
authors, Hippocrates and Aristoplianes, before him, now
in the library of the College, was painted by Snelling,
and, I believe, presented by Mr. Palmer,
William Goddard, M.D., a native of Norfolk, and
a doctor of medicine of Padiia, incorporated at Oxford
in July, 1634, was admitted a Candidate of the College
of Physicians 1st August, 1634, and a Fellow ten days
after, viz., 11th August, 1634. He was Censor in 1638,
1641, 1644. On the 23rd November, 1649, having
been contumacious, and refusing to attend at his place
in the College, though repeatedly summoned by the
President, he was, by a vote of his colleagues, dismissed
from his fellowship : " decreto Collegii, in CoUegii so-
cietate locum amisit." Dr. Goddard carried the matter
into the Court of King's Bench, but was defeated, and
judgment given in favour of the College.
John Burgess was the son of Dr. John Burgess, in-
cumbent of Sutton Colefield, in the county of Warwick,
and practised in his native place, being then advanced
in years — " vir venerabilis." He was admitted an Extra-
Licentiate 22nd August, 1634.
Nicholas Mawe, M.D., a native of Suffolk, was
educated at Peterhouse, Cambridge, of which he was
matriculated a pensioner in July, 1619. He proceeded
qui omnibus Collegii officiis, honeste et cliligenter perfunctus, supre-
mum detrectavit : hujusmodi viro liberali, sapiente provide, indige-
bant res nostree tunc temporis concuss^ per duas calamitates,
omnium maximas ; Bellum civile, bonis artibus semper infestum et
incendium vorax quod nos, atque nostros concives pariter afBixerat,
et cum sacris non pepercerit gedibus, nostras etiam prostravit lares :
hisce malis succurrens Hamgeus, non solum nos suis adjuvabat
opibus, sed subsidium satis magnum a benevolo cive impetravit,
Collegium sub hasta positum sua redemit pecunia, coenaculum orna-
vit, nostreeque simul existimationi et aegrotorum saluti seqae pros-
piciens, nosocomiorum Medicis, e gremio hujus Collegii eligendis,
Btipendia ampla locavit, et parvi faciens beneficia a se vivo tributa,
post mortem nos prsediorum suorum hasredes reliquit. Oratio
Harveiana die xviii Octobre a.d. 1729 habita auctore Jobanne
Arbuthnot p. 17.
1G34] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 217
A.B. 1622-3, A.M. 1626, M.D. 1634, and was admitted
a Candidate of the College of Physicians, 15th Septem-
ber, 1634.
William E,ant, M.D., was the son of Humphrey
Rant, of Norwich, notary pubhc, by his wife Katha-
rine, and was born in that city in 1604. He was edu-
cated at Caius college, Cambridge, and as a member of
that house, proceeded M.B. 1625, M.D. 1630. He was
admitted a Candidate of the College of Physicians 30th
September, 1633, and a Fellow 30th September, 1634.
He delivered in October, 1639, the first course of Gul-
stonian lectures, " de morbis partiura quibus op time
doctissimeque se gessit."'"" I meet with him as Censor
in 1640, 1645, 1647, 1650. He retired into the country
shortly before his death, which took place from maras-
mus on the 15th September, 1653.t Dr. Rant be-
queathed to the College six Arabic books, which were
delivered by his brother in February, 1655-6. He
was buried at Thorp Market, co. Norfolk, where on a
large black marble tomb is the following inscription : — -
This stoBe covers the dust of
William Rant, Doctor of Physick,
and Fellow of the College of Physicians of London,
who, after that he had there exercised his art
with much honour and success for full twenty years,
upon the 15th day of September, 1653,
and in the forty-ninth year of his age,
finished the race of his life at Norwich,
where he first took breath to run it.
Under this stone also do lye the ashes of his dear wife, Jane, third
daughter of Sir John Dingley, knt. of Wolverton, in Hampshire.
She ended her life on the 11th of June, 1656. They left issue
William and Jane.
* Annales, x, Oct"«- 1639.
t " Vir procerus macerque," writes Harney, "ac sestuantis adeo
pulmonis, ut labia plerumque spumarent inter loquendum. De reli-
quo, nemo Socius tanti habitabat ; nemo duxit tarn bellulam uxo-
rem ; nemo, prae tot librorum comparandi cura, et proprio de novo,
compingendi more tarn instructam atque elegantem bibliothecam
habuit : nemo denique suo tempore, prse scitamentis culinariis et
arte opsodsedalica tana dubie nos excepit."
218 ROLL OF THE [l634
Richard Catcher, M.D., was born in the county of
Middlesex, and educated at Peterhouse, Cambridge.
He proceeded A. B. 1615-6; A.M. 1619; was licensed
to practise by the university in May, 1624 ; and was
created M.D. by royal mandate, 14th December, 1624.
He was admitted a Candidate of the College of Physi-
cians 2nd November, 1633 ; and a Fellow 22nd Decem-
ber, 1634. He died of dropsy, after a protracted ill-
ness, on the 1st June, 1651, aged 56, and was buried
the following day at St. Bartholomew the Less. By
his will he bequeathed to the College 251. which was
paid on the 22nd December, 1651.'"
Edward Dawson, M.D., was a native of Lincoln-
shire, educated at (>>xford, where, as a member of Lincoln
college, he proceeded M.B. 1621, M.D. 21st June, 1633.
He was admitted a Candidate of the College of Physi-
cians 15th September, 1634; and a FeUow 22nd De-
cember, 1634. He did not survive twelve months, as
we learn from Hamey, who thus writes : " Doctor Daw-
son, quem morum candor plurimis commendaverat, quern
doctrina Censoribus repetitis examinationibus nuper-
rime probaverat, deficit 16th December, 1635."
Francis Glisson, M.D., was the second son of Wil-
liam Glisson, of Pampisham, co. Dorset, and was born
there in the year 1597. He was admitted at Caius
college, Cambridge, in 1617, proceeded A.B. 1620-1,
A.M. 1624, and was incorporated at Oxford on the last
degree 25th October, 1627. He then applied himseF
to the study of physic, graduated M.D. at Cambridge
* " Vir multimodis beatus : cognitione linguarum et literarum,
quibus a parvulo initiatus est : dein uxore, materf amilias ornatissi-
ma; uec inulto post filio, unico quidem, sed jam pubere, erudito et
apprime obsequente. Beatus denique (ut minora transeam) tam^ re
labore parta, qnam relicta. Ipse interim nunquam domi forisve sor-
didus, omnis etiam doli purus, prseter molestum ilium nimis pronse
aliquando suspicionis. In summa, Regi suo, inter paucos, fidelis,
et pro sorte sua, munificus : talis etiam suo medicorum Londipen-
sium Collegio." — Hamey.
1635] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 219
in 1634 ; was admitted a Candidate of the College of
Physicians 15th September, 1634, and a FeUow 30th
September, 1635. In 1636 he succeeded Dr. Ralph
Winterton as Regius professor of physic at Cambridge,
and continued to hold that office to the time of his
death in 1677. In 1639 he was chosen anatomy reader
by the College, and acquired much reputation by his
lectures de mo7'bis partium. He was Gulstonian lec-
turer in 1640, was named an Elect 15th November,
1655 ; was Censor in 1656 ; President, 1667, 1668,
1669 ; Consiliarius, 1666 and again from 1670 to his
death. He died on the 14th October, 1677, aged 81,
and was buried in St. Bride's church, Fleet street.
For some years after Dr. Glisson's appointment to
the Regius professorship, he resided at Cambridge ; but
during the civil wars retired to Colchester, where he
practised with great reputation. He was in that town
at its memorable siege by the Parliamentary forces in
1648, and was the person selected on more than one
occasion to solicit favourable terais from Lord Fairfax.
Shortly after this he must have come to reside in Lon-
don— he was certainly resident here in 1650, and thence-
forward took an active part in the affairs of the Col-
lege. Dr. Glisson was one of that small but illustrious
body who instituted a weekly meeting in London for
the purpose of promoting inquiries into natural and ex-
perimental philosophy ; and which, after the Restora-
tion, being augmented by the accession of several emi-
nent persons, at length issued in the institution of the
Royal Society, of which Dr. Glisson becanie, of coin-se,
a member. He was one of the first of that group of
English anatomists who, incited by the great example
of Harvey, pursued their inquiries into the human
structure, as it were in concert, and with an ardour
and success that has never been surpassed. Of these,
none exceeded Dr. Glisson in judgment and accuracy.
Boerhaave styles him, " Omnium anatomicorum ex-
actissimus ; " and Haller, speaking of one of his books,
says, " Egregius liber, ut solent hujus viri esse."
220 ROLL or THE [1635
His first work, " De Eachitide, seu Morbo Puerili/'
published in 1650, deserves particular notice. The pre-
face mentions that the folloM^ing Fellows of the Col-
lege— Drs. Glisson, Sheaf, Bate, Regemorter, Wright,
Pagett, Jonatlian Goddard, and Trench, members of a
private society for the improvement of themselves and
their profession, communicated to each other written
observations concerning this new disease. From these,
It was thought proper to make extracts, and compose
an express treatise on the subject, the care of which
was unanimously delegated to Drs. GKsson, Bate, and
Begemorter. The plan at first agreed on was, that each
should take a separate part of the work and complete
it. But on Dr. Glisson finishing his, which contained
an investigation of the cause of the disease, to the satis-
faction of the other two, but w^ith many opinions pecu-
liar to himself, they changed their design, and com-
mitted to him the planning of the whole work, that all
its parts might be congruous and dependent on each
other. This Glisson accepted, on the condition that they
would assist him still, with their advice and judgment,
and contribute their own observations. His next work,
"De Hepate," was pubhshed in 1654. In it he gives an
account of the cellular envelope of the vena porta, so
much more accurate than any which had been published,
that his name thenceforward has been insejDarably con-
nected with it, under the designation " Glisson 's cap-
sule." Glisson's third work, " Tractatus de Natura Sub-
stantiae energetica, seu de Vita Naturae, ejusque tribus
primis facultatibus, Perceptiva, Appetitiva et Motiva,
naturalibus," was published in 1672. It is a profound
and laborious performance, in the very depths of the
Aristotelian philosophy, with all its numerous divisions ;
and, though in a system and manner now obsolete, de-
serves admiration as an extraordinary effort of the un-
derstanding in a man of an advanced age. He dedi-
cates it to Anthony Ashley, Earl of Shaftesbury ; and
in the epistle dedicatory mentions having been for seve-
ral years physician to that nobleman and his family, and
1635]
ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 221
acknowledges the obligations he was under to him for
his patronage and assistance in several difficulties he
had met with. His last work, " De Yentriculo et In-
testinis/' appeared in 1677, the year of his death.''' A
portrait of Dr. Glisson, evidently taken when he was-
advanced in years, is in the Censor's room.t
Andrew Kippen, a practitioner at Wendover, in
Buckinghamshire, and, as far as I can learn, not a gra-
duate in medicine, was admitted an Extra-Licentiate 1st
December, 1635,
* For the greater part of this sketch, I am indebted to Aiken's
Biographical Memoirs.
t "Hie, primaria organorum vitalium functione ab Harveio expli-
cata, duo alia organa, functionibus naturalibus preecipue destinata,
Harveio dnce, statuebat explicanda. Hie hepatis structuram tam in-
ternam quam externam mira quidem solertia patefecit. Hie vaginam
portae, sive capsnlam^ ejus communem prius detexit, explicavit,
nominavit. Neque minore hie acumine minutissimas ventriculi et
intestinorum fibras indagavit ; functionibusque illorum viscerum
penitus investigatis, modum parandi chyli, sicut antea secernendae
bills pari eruditione atque elegantia demonstravit. Hie denique,
eam fibrarum animalium proprietatem, quae facit ut eae sine sensu
irritentur, primus notavit et nominavit : eam ipsam proprietatem
quam doctissimus Hallerus, physiologus horum temporum longe
prsestantissimus experimenta Glissoni ulterius prosequendo, summo
judicio plenius exposuit ; summaque modestia philosopho omnino
digna, philosophorum judicio nuper commendavit : eam profecto
proprietatem, quam in fibris quibusdam animalibus, quemadmodum
in materia universa gravitatem, inesse docuit vir solertissimus ; qua
proprietate patefacta, quamplurima in animalibus tam vivis quam
mortuis (paivo/neva (nulla antecedentium physiologorum inroOeaec ex-
plicata, aut explicanda) perspicue Hallerus, Glissono monstrante
viam, nunc explicavit. Hucusque Socii ornatissimi, Glissonum nos-
trum doctrina solummodo et scientia medica excellentem vidimus :
hucusque ilium Harveii vestigiis insistentem et physiologiam, patho-
logiamque studiosissime persequentem adniirati sumus. Nunc viri
magni humanitatem atque fortitudinem in arte exercerida intueamur.
Peste enim hanc urbem eo tempore depopulante innumerabilibus,
Reipublicse causa, periculis sese objicere vir fortis non timuit ; mor-
temque ipsam pati maluisset, quam suis miserrime circum circa
decumbentibus opem non tulisse. 0 admirandum hominis virtutem !
0 incredibilem prorsus humanitatem ! 0 fortitudinem supra
humanam ! " Oratio Harveiana festo Divi Lucae habita, A.D.
MDCCLV a Roberto Taylor, M.D., p. 15-17.
222 ROLL OF THE [1637
Thomas Sheaf, M.D. of Pembroke college, Cam-
bridge, A.B. 1624-5, A.M. 1628, M.D. 1636. He was
admitted a Candidate and Fellow of the College of Phy-
sicians on the same day, viz., 10th July, 1637. He was
Gulstonian lecturer in 1641, Censor in 1643, and died,
as we are told by Hamey, on the 7th August, 1657, aged
about 50, having shortly before read the anatomy lec-
tures at the College with considerable applause.
John Bathurst, M.D., was born in Sussex, and was
the second son of Dr. John Bathurst, of Goudhurst,
CO. Kent, by his wife, Dorothy, daughter of Edward
Maplesden, of Marsden, a captain in the navy. He was
admitted a sizar of Pembroke college, Cambridge, in
December, 1614, and proceeded A.B. 1617-8, A.M.
1621, and M.D. 1637. He was admitted Candidate
and Fellow of the College of Physicians on the same
day, viz., 22nd December, 1637. Dr. Bathurst was
Censor in 1641 and 1650, was named Elect 9th July,
1657, in place of the immortal Harvey, and died, ac-
cording to Hamey, 26th April, 1659, aged 52.'""
Wood tells us he was incorporated master of arts at
Oxford, 1st February, 1642-3 ; that he was elected a
burgess for Bichmond, in Yorkshire, to serve in the
Parliament called by Oliver Cromwell in 1656, and also
for that called by Bichard Cromwell in 1658. Dr.
Bathurst was physician to the Protector, and also to
the Fanshawe family ; and it was on the strength of his
medical certificate that Cromwell, over-ruling Sir Harry
Yane's objections, obtained at the council chamber the
order for Sir Bichard Fanshawe's liberation from his im-
prisonment at Whitehall. Dr. Bathurst married Eliza-
beth, daughter and co-heiress of Brian Willance, Esq., of
Clint, Yorkshire, and had by her a numerous family,
the eldest of whom was Christopher Bathurst, M.D.
* Joannes Batlmrst medicus prudens doctnsque defecit 26 Apri-
lis 1659, annos natus quinquaginta duos et par coEetaneorum cele-
berrimis in arte nostra rite exercenda. Bustorum aliquot Reliquiae
auth. Bald: Hamey.
1G39] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 223
Hugh Haslam was in extensive practice in Essex,
*' ex comitatu Essex, et ibidem bene et multum exer-
citatum in raedicina facienda," and was admitted an
Extra-Licentiate 9th February, 1638-9.
Peter Salmon, M.D., was the second son of Robert
Sfdmon, of Leigh, co. Essex, esq., master of the Trinity
house in 1617, by his wife Martha Andrews. He was
born at Leigh and educated at Eton, whence he pro-
ceeded to King's college, Cambridge, in March, 1618-9.
He graduated A.B. 1622-3, A.M. 1626, and had a li-
cence from the university to practise in 1632. He took
his degree of doctor of medicine at Padua, 4th Sep-
tember, 1630, and was incorporated at Oxford on his
doctor's degree, 9th July, 1633. He was admitted a
Candidate of the College of Physicians 8th April, 1639,
and a Fellow 18th June, 1639. Dr. Salmon married
Joanna, daughter of John Goodlad, of Leigh, and had
by her four daughters. He resided in the parish of St.
Martin's-in-the-Fields, and died in 1675. His will,
bearing date the 29th March, 1675, was proved the 18th
November following. Dr. Salmon died possessed of a
handsome property inlands, tenements, and personality,
the larger portion of which he gave by will to his
daughters. He gives to the redemption of three slaves
in Tunis or " Argier" or elsewhere 30/., viz., lOl. apiece
for their discharge and freedom ; if not within the space
of four months, then to the setting free of six men pri-
soners ; three out of the Marshalsea and three out of
the King's Bench in Southwark, " such as lie upon exe-
cution at least six months."
Sir George Ent, M.D., was the son of Josias Ent, a
Belgian merchant of substance and standing, who had
fled from the Netherlands on account of his religion and
settled at Sandwich, co. Kent. There his son George,
the future physician, was born on the 6th November,
1604. He received his early education at a school at
Rotterdam, under James Beckman, and in April, 1624,
was admitted at Sidney Sussex college, Cambridge. He
224 ROLL OF THE |_1G39
proceeded A.B. in 1627, A.M. in 1631. He spent five
years at Padua, then the most celebrated school of medi-
cine in the world, and took his degree of doctor of medi-
cine there 28th April, 1636. He was incorporated on
that degree at Oxford, 9th November, 1638. He was
admitted a Candidate of the College of Physicians 8th
April, 1639, and a Fellow 25th June, 1639. On the
10th February, 1645-6, he married at St. Olave's, Jewry,
Sarah, the daughter of Dr. Meverall (p. 172), of St.
Lawrence, Jewry, He was Gulstonian lecturer in 1642.
Dr. Ent was Censor no less than twenty-two years ;
and with three exceptions, viz., 1650, 1652, and 1658,
from 1645 to 1669 ; Eegistrar from 1655 to 1670 ; Elect,
1st October, 1657 ; Consiliarius, 1667, 1668, 1669, and
again from 1676 to 1686 included; President, 1670,
1671, 1672, 1673, 1674, 1675; again, in place of Dr.
Micklethwait, deceased, I7th August, 1682 ; and for the
last time, 24th May, 1684, in place of Dr. Whistler,
deceased. He dehvered the anatomy lectures at the
College in 1665, and on this occasion was honoured by
the presence of Charles II, who knighted him in the
Harveian Museum after the lecture. This solitary in-
stance of such an honour conferred within the walls of
the College stands thus recorded in the Annals : —
"1665, Aprilis 13, 14, 15. Praglectiones anatomicse
habitse sunt in Collegio a D''® Ent, visumque est D""
Regi iisdem ultimo die interesse. Ubi postquam a D°°
Prseside, Eduardo Alston, et prselectore D'"® Ent summse
gratise Regi clementissimo actae, CoUegioque eo nomine
gratulati essent : placuit Regi D''"™ Ent, in ipso musaeo
Harveiano, equestri dignitate ornare."*
Sir George Ent was one of the original fellows of the
Royal Society, and is named in the charter one of the
first council.
Sir George resigned his place of Elect 4th October,
1689 ; and dying a few days after (13th October, 1689),
* The MS. of these Lectures, " Prselectiones anatomicae habitse
in ^dibus Collegii Medicorum," Lond., 1665, is in the College
library.
1639]
ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 225
in his 8 5 til year at St. Giles in the Fields, was buried
in the church of St. Lawrence Jewry.* At a time when
* " In Collegium Medicorum Londinense paulo post admissus ita
se gessit, ut omnes homines mores ejusamabilesdiligernnt, ingeniuni
admirarentar. In Censores Collegii, penes quos judicium de medi-
cinam facientibus atque de medicamentis leges nostrae esse volunt,
saepe cooptatus est : quge magna significatio fuit qualem doctrina et
moribus college Entium experti essent. Regestarii in eodem col-
legio munere quindecim annos ita f anctus est, ut nullius diligentia
in actis collegii annalium libro inscribendis, magis spectata fuerit,
omnes antecessores sermonis elegantia facile superaverit. Exponendae
anatomise praefectus de corporis humani fabrica multa cum laude
disseruit, adeo ut ejusdem preelectioni cuidem rex Carolns secundus
interesae non dedignatus Entium, postquam perorasset, equestri
dignitate decoraverit doctum et eloquentem virum quanta faceret
notum esse cupiens. Entio postea, cum omnium electorum suffragiis
collegio tnedicorum Londinensi praefectus esset, singulis annis exeun-
tibus in alteram annum prorogata est auctoritas, donee tandem
post sex annos, senectutem atque valetudinem causatus, ut collegii
habenas diutius moderaretur exorari noluit. Post exutam collegii
praefecturam in otio jucundissimo annos quatuordecim vixit, stu-
diisque literarum ad extremiim vitae tempus senectutem suaru oblec-
tavit. Obiit antem mortem die mensis Octobris decimo tertio, anno
salutis nostrge mdclxxxix cum annos fere sex supra octoginta vixis-
set. In Apologia pro sanguinis circulatione, breviter atque
dilucide, multo sale multisque facetiis inspersis, ostendit quantulum
virium haberet, quidquid tanto hiatu in Harveium Parisanus effu-
disset. Nihil certe tarn dissimile quam Entius Parisano ; non igitur
mirum, si hominem in physica omnino rudem doctus, si infantem
eloquens, si pinguem et tardum acer et subtilis facile vicerit. Praeter
Apologiam pro sanguinis circulatione, Animadversiones in Thrns-
toni librum de respirationis usu primario edidit. Cum enim ea,
quae de illo argumento disputaverant, Entius et Thrustonus, hie
omnium eruditorum judicio subjici voluerat, ei morem Entius libenter
gessit et multa insuper reposuit, quibus Thrustonum sententiae suse
confirmandge non satis fuisse convinceret. In ilia disputatione
quaestionem sine iracundia et pertinacia, ut inter aequos verique in-
veniendi cupidos agitatam habemus : et licet, quod summum rei
spectat, Entium causam pejorem sascepisse confiteamur ; id tamen
profecto huraanae est imbecillitatis, ut aegerrime opiniones, quibus
adolescentes imbuti f uerimus, senescentes dediscamus ; maxime de
iis rebus, de quibus, baud absurde in utramque partem disputari
possit. Praeter opera modo memorata, superest anatome ran»
piscatricis ; observationes etiam ponderis testitudinis in autumno
terram subeuntis, cum ejusdem ex terra verno tempore exeuntis
pondere comparati per plures annos repetitae ; praelectiones etiam
anatomicEe manu scriptae quae Oxonii in museo Ashmoleano asser-
vantur ; epistolae praeterea et orationes elegantes Entii ipsius manu
VOL. I. Q
226 ROLL OF THE [1639
all educated men spoke Latin, and most of them with
facility, Ent was renowned beyond all his contem-
poraries for the ease and elegance with which he did so.
He was *' a good scholar, a respectable anatomist, con-
versant with physical science generally, acquainted with
all the leading men of letters and science of his time,
and in particular enjoying the friendship of William
Harvey."""' His first literary production was his
" Apologia pro Circulatione Sanguinis, contra ^milium
Parisanum." 8vo. Lond, 1641, in which he learnedly
defended Harvey against his opponent, and gave a
rational account of the operation of purgative medi-
cines. " Nothing, indeed," to quote Dr. Lawrence, " can
be more unlike than Parisanus and Ent ; and it is not
wonderful, therefore, that one utterly ignorant of phy-
sical science, confronted by one thoroughly conversant
therein — that one, without power of utterance, opposed
by one gifted with eloquence — that one, sluggish and
inert, in the hands of one active and full of energy,
should be effectually vanquished and overcome. "t The
original MS. of this treatise, in Sir George's handwriting,
is in the possession of the College, to which it was
presented 2nd December, 1748, by Francis Pigott, esq.,
A.M., fellow of New college, Oxford. To Sir George
Ent we are mainly indebted for Harvey's work, "de
Generatione Animalium," the MS. of which he obtained
with some difficulty from the great anatomist, about
Christmas, 1650 ; and, with the author's permission,
pubhshed it the following year, in quarto, with a
letter dedicatory to the President and Fellows of the
College, explaining the circumstances under which it
had been confided to him. Sir George's last pubhcation
scriptse penes Franciscum Pigottnm medicinee doctorem Oxoniensem.
Atque lisec panlo quidem uberius quam argumenti nostri ratio
postulare forsitan videatur de Entio, verse physiologise propugna-
tore Harveiique amico conjunctissimo, haud ingrata lectori dixisse
speramus." Harveii Vita, auctore Thoma Lawrence, M.D., 4to.
Lond. 1766, p. viii.
* Life of Harvey, by Robert Willis, M.D., p. xlvi.
t Willis's Life, p. xlvi.
1G39] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 227
was his '* Animadversiones in Malachiae Thrustoni, M.D.
Diatribam de Respirationis iisu primario/' 8vo. Lond.
1672. His collected works, "Opera omnia Medico-
Pliysica," were published at Ley den, in 1687.
Lewis du Moulin, M.D., was a doctor of medicine
of Leyden, incorporated first at Cambridge, 1 0th Octo-
ber, 1634, and secondly at Oxford, 14th July, 1649.
He was admitted a Licentiate of the College of Physi-
cians, 7th February, 1639-40. "Dr. Molins, or Du
Mouhn, was a Frenchman born, the son of the famous
Peter du Moulin, a French protestant, and was lately,"
says Wood, " established Camden's professor of History
in this university, by the committee of Parliament for
the reformation thereof. After the restoration of his
Majesty he was turned out of his professorship by his
Majesty's commissioners for regulating the university.
Whereupon, retiring to the city of Westminster, he
hved there a most violent nonconformist. He was,"
continues Wood, " a fiery, violent, and hot-headed Inde-
pendent,— a cross and ill-natured man ; and, dying
20th October, 1680, aged 11 years, was buried within
the precincts of the church of St. Paul, in Covent
garden, in the parish of which he had before lived
several years." We have from his pen —
Oratio Auspicalis, cui subjuncta est laudatio Clarissimi viri Gul :
Camdeni, dicente Lud. Molinseo, Prof. Hist. Camd. et M.D. 4to.
Oxon. 1652.
Thomas Bird. — He practised in the county of Essex,
had studied medicine " in florentiss. Acad. Valle Gole-
tano," but was not, so far as I can gather, a graduate
in either arts or medicine. He was admitted an Extra-
Licentiate of the College of Physicians 7 th February,
1639-40.
Samuel Thomson, M.D., was a son of Wilham
Thomson, of Westbury, co. Wilts, and was educated
at Magdalen hall, Oxford, where he took the degrees in
arts, and then applying himself to medicine, came be-
Q 2
228 ROLL OF THE [1640
fore the College of Physicians, and on the 13th April,
1640, was admitted an Extra-Licentiate. On the 5th
August, 1644, it was agreed at a meeting of the Censors
board, that at the instance of Dr. Child, a letter should
be sent to the mayor of Rochester, to testify that Mr,
Samuel Thomson is a man licensed to practise physic
by the College. He was created doctor of physic at
Oxford, 14th April, 1648 ; and was the author of
Exercitations and Meditations upon some Texts of Scripture.
8vo. Lond. 1676.
Peter Wyard, M.D. — A doctor of medicine, of
Anjou, of 12th January, 1636, was admitted an Extra-
Licentiate of the College 23rd April, 1640.
John Cadyman, M.D. — A Londoner and a doctor
of medicine of Bonn, was admitted an Extra- Licentiate
of the College of Physicians 1st May, 1640. On the
22nd June following he was recommended by the Col-
lege, in sequel to an application from the earl of
Northumberland, for appointment to the office of physi-
cian to the army.
Edward Dynham, M.D. — A Londoner born, was
entered on the physic line at Leyden, 15th December,
1637, being then twenty-three years of age, and gra-
duated doctor of medicine at Montpelier, 19th March,
1639. He was admitted an Extra-Licentiate of the
College of Physicians 5th May, 1640, and was incorpo-
rated at Oxford on his doctor's degree 3rd April, 1641.
George Bate, M.D., was the son of John Bate of
Barton, in Buckinghamshire, and was born at Maids
Morton in that county. He became one of the clerks
of New college, Oxford, in 1622 ; was transferred thence
to Queen's college for a time, and eventually entered at
St. Edmund's hall, as a member of which house he pro-
ceeded in arts;— A.B. 28th April, 1626 ; A.M. 22nd
January, 1629. He took his degree of bachelor of
medicine 1st March, 1629 ; had a hcence to practice
1640] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 229
from the university ; and did so in and around Oxford
for some years, especially, as "Wood says, " among pre-
cise and puritanical people, he being then taken to be
one of their number." He proceeded doctor of medi-
cine, 7th July, 1637 ; continued to practise with con-
siderable eclat at Oxford whilst the court was there ;
but when his Majesty and his cause declined, retired to
London. He was admitted a Candidate of the College
of Physicians 30th September, 1639 ; and a Fellow
25th June, 1640. Amidst all the mutations of those
changeful times, and whether Charles I., Cromwell, or
Charles II were in the ascendant. Dr. Bate always con-
trived to be the chief state physician. Wood tells us,
that on his removal to London he closed with the times
for interest sake, became physician to the Charterhouse,
and at length chief physician to Oliver CromweU whilst
he was general, and afterwards when protector, and did
not stick (though he pretended to be a concealed royal-
ist) to flatter him in a high degree. Upon the restora-
tion of king Charles II. anno 1660, he got in with the
royal party (by his friends' report that he, by a dose
given to Oliver, hastened him to his end), was made
physician to the king, and a fellow of the Koyal Society.
Dr. Bate served the office of Censor in 1645, 1646,
1648 ; was named an Elect 23rd October, 1657 ; de-
livered the anatomy lectures at the College in 1666 ;
and dying at his house in Hatton garden, 19th April,
1669, aged 60, was buried at Kingston-upon-Thames.
In the chancel of the church there is a monument with
the following inscription : —
Spe Resurrectionis felicis heic juxta sita est Elizabetha conjux
lectissima Georgii Bate, M.D., Car. II., Med. Primarii qui cineres
suos adjacere curavit ut quiunanimes * * * * vixeraat quasi
uni corp * * * condormientes una resurgant. Mortem obiit
7™°. April, 1667, ast 46, ex hydrope pulmonum funesta Londini
conflagratione accelerat * * Obiit ille 19 April, 1669 eetatis
suse 60.
His published works are —
The Royal Apologie ; or. The Declaration of the Commons in
Parliament, 11th February, 1647, canvassed. 4to. Lond. 1648.
230 ROLL OF THE [1641
Elenclius Motuum nuperorum in Anglia, simul ac Juris Regii ac
Parliamentarii hrevis Narratio.
Harney, in tiis sketch of Dr. Bate, throws a doubt on
his title to the authorship of this work : " Jam quoque
vendicat sibi Elenchum nostrorum nuper motuum, edi-
tum haud ita pridem tacito authore habitumque Ri-
chardi Oweni Theologi ob Hnguse elegantiam. Libellum
hunc placet nostro recudere, auctum nomine suo et ap-
pendice multum dissimili stih." This work, by whom-
soever written, was scrutinised by Robert Pugh in his
" Elenchus Elenchi : sive Animadversiones in Georgii
Batei, Cromwelli paricidae aliquando protomedici, Elen-
chum Motuum nuperorum in Anglia. Parisiis, 1664."
Daniel Holsteine. — A student of medicine of the
university of Wittemberg, practising his faculty in the
county of Worcester, was admitted an Extra-Licentiate
of the College of Physicians 5th February, 1640-1.
Thomas Nurse, M.D., was matriculated at Oxford as
a member of Lincoln college 5th May, 1615, and as of co.
Leicester. He took his degree of bachelor of medicine
20th November, 1626, had a licence from the university
to practise, and was, on the 8th February, 1640-1, ad-
mitted a Licentiate of the College of Physicians. He
proceeded doctor of medicine at Oxford 13th July, 1641,
but was never admitted a Candidate or Fellow. He was,
according to Wood, an eminent physician of his time,
and was of great practice in the city of Westminster,
especially after his Majesty's restoration. He died 9th
June, 1667, aged sixty-nine years, and was buried on
the 12th of that month in the east cloisters of the
abbey church of St. Peter's, Westminster, where he is
commemorated by the following inscription : —
Hie jacet Thomas Nurse, M.D.
Vide spectator, hoc spectaculum ;
Judica, sed ut te judicaberis.
Discede et cogita.
Ob : Anno Dom. 1667
Mensis Jun : die 9, aetatis suee 69.
1641] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 231
His will dated 1 March, 166 J -2, with a codicil dated
24 December, 1662, was proved 25th June, 1667, by
his rehct Susan and his son Walter. In it he states
tliat his tombstone with the above inscription was
already prepared and paid for at a stone-cutter's in St.
Andrews, Holborn/'''
Percival Willoughby was a son of Sir Percival
Willoughby, of Wollaton, co. Nottingham, and was edu-
cated at Oxford, where he took the degree of bachelor of
arts. Settling at Derby, he soon obtained the respect
and esteem of all classes, and on the 20th February,
1640-1, being then in full practice " in villa et comitatu
Derbiensi, et alibi, in medicina bene et multum exer-
citatus," he was, after the usual examination, admitted
an Extra-Licentiate of the College of Physicians. Dying
at Derby on the 2nd October, 1685, aged eighty-nine,
he was buried in St. Peter's church in that town. On
the south side, within the altar rails, is a marble stone
with the following inscription : —
Hie jacet corpus
Percivalli Willoughby, M.D.
filii Percivalli Willoughby de Wollerton
in comitatu Nottingham : militis :
obiit 2 die Octob: anno salutis 1685, aetatis sujb 89.
And upon a gravestone near it —
Hie jaeet Elizabetha, uxor Pereiva : Willoughby, gen : filia Fran-
ciseiCoke de Trusley milit : ipsa obiit 15 Feb. 166G, aetatis su£e Q7 .
An exquisitely written MS. entitled, " The Country
Midwife's Opusculum or Vade Mecura," by our physician,
is now in the possession of J. H. Avehng, M.D.
William Stanes, M.D., a native of Essex, was matri-
culated a pensioner of Emmanuel coUege, Cambridge, in
December, 1629 ; proceeded M.B. 1635, M.D. 1639 ; and
was admitted a Candidate of the CoUege of Physicians
23rd December, 1639, and a FeUow 20th October, 1641.
* Chester's Westminster Abbey Register, p. 166.
232 ROLL OF THE [1641
He was named an Elect 4th June, 1658, and was Censor
in 1666, 1670, 1677 ; Registrar, 1670, 1671, 1672, 1673;
Consiliarius from 1669 to 1679 inclusive. He died 11th
February, 1679-80, aged seventy, and was buried at
Waterbeach, co. Cambridge. His memento is as fol-
lows : —
Here lyeth interred the body of
William Stane Dr. in Physick,
one of the Fellows and Elects
of the Colledge of Physitians in London,
who died the 11th of February 1679
aged 70.
His widow, Dorothy, was a benefactor to Water-
beach.*
Sir Alexander Fraizer, M.D., a Scotchman, and a
doctor of medicine of Montpelier, of 1st October, 1635 ;
incorporated at Cambridge 9th March, 1637 ; was ad-
mitted a Candidate of the College of Physicians 30th
March, 1640, and a Fellow 23rd November, 1641.t He
was admitted an Elect 26th July, 1666, " on account of
his services to the College," as our Annals express it ;
the statute limiting the election to Englishmen, "qui
natione sint Angli," having on this occasion been re-
scinded for that purpose.
Sir Alexander was physician in ordinary to king
Charles II and was much trusted by him in a political,
no less than in a professional capacity. The knight's
fortunes were, indeed, from an early period, more or less
intimately connected with the royal family. His cha-
racter, however, was never of the highest, and he was
very unceremoniously mentioned by Sir John Denham,
in "A Dialogue between Sir John Pooley and Mr. John
* Clay's Waterbeach, pp. 44 and 79.
t " Dr. Carolus Scarburgh (rebus Collegii ita efflagitantibns)
eligitur in Socium, absente contra statuta Collegii totum, sine venia
impetrata, biennium D^". Frasier. Ilac tamen lege ac conditione, ut
prsedicto D". Frasier nihil de honore detrahatur; sed ut eidem
reduci, rationemq. absentiaj reddenti, a Praeside et Censoribus
approbandam locus pristinus et ordo de integro restituantur."
Annales, iv, 23.
I
1641] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 233
Killigrew." Sir Alexander Fraizer was in attendance
on the royal family at St. Germaine's in 1651 and 1652,
as we gather from a letter of Sir Edward Hyde to Sir
E/ichard Browne (6th August, 1652), and from a volume
of tracts in the British Museum, quoted by Mr. Bray
in his edition of " Evelyn's Diary," Clarendon writes
thus — " I am glad you have so good a correspondent
as Dr. Fraizer, who is grown, God knows why, an abso-
lute stranger to me : he is great with Lord Gerard and
Mr. Attorney, but he will speedily leave us and go for
England, which truly I am sorry for, for the king's
sake ; for no doubt he is good at his business, other-
wise the maddest fool alive." At the Restoration he
returned to England, and adapting himself, without
hesitation or scruple, to all the wants and wishes of the
court, attained to a degree of influence with the king,
unequalled, perhaps, in the history of the profession.
Thus, Pepys'"' writes, " Dr. Pierce tells me, when I was
wondering that Fraizer should order things with the
prince in that confident manner, that Fraizer is so
great with my lady Castlemaine and Stewart, and all
the ladies of the court, in helping them to slip their
calves when there is occasion, and with the great men
in curing them, that he can do what he pleases with
the king in spite of any man ; and upon the same
score with the prince — they all having more or less
occasion to make use of him." Of the degree in which
he was supported by the king, some idea may be
formed from the following passage from the same
authority :t " One Sir Edmund Bury Godfrey, a wqod-
monger and justice of the peace, in Westminster, having
two days since arrested Sir Alexander Fraizer, one of
the king's physicians, for about 30/. in firing, the
bailiffs were apprehended, committed to the porter's
lodge, and there, by the king's command, the last night
severely whipped, from which the justice himself vei^j
hardly escaped — to such an unusual degree was the
* Diary, 19th September, 1664.
t Diary, 26th May, 1669.
234 ROLL OF THE [1642
king moved therein. But he now hes in the lodge
justifying his act, as grounded upon the opinion of
several of the judges, and among otheis of my lord
chief justice, which makes the king very angry with the
chief justice as they say — and the justice do lie and
justify his act, and says he will sufier in the cause for
the people, and do refuse to receive almost any nou-
rishment." Sir Alexander Fraizer died 3rd May, 1681.
James Oyston, A.M. A master of arts of Edinburgh,
possessing a licence from the archbishop of York, dated
18th June, 1636, to practise in his diocese ; and another
from Thomas Burwell, vicar-general of the bishop of
Durham, dated 20th December of the same year, ac-
cording him the same privilege within the limits of that
prelate's jurisdiction ; was admitted an Extra- Licentiate
of the College of Physicians 20th February, 1641—2.
Thomas Reading, A.M. of King's college, Cam-
bridge, A.B. 1629-30, A.M. 1633, was, on the 3rd
March, 1641-2, admitted an Extra-Licentiate.
John Clarke, Jun., M.D., was the son of Dr. John
Clarke, a fellow of the college before mentioned. On
the 1st June, 1639, being then twenty -five years of age,
he was entered on the physic hue at Leyden, where he
took his degree of doctor of medicine. He passed his
three examinations at the College of Physicians in the
spring of 1641, but was not admitted a Candidate till
the 22nd October, 1642. In the interval he had, I
suspect, been incorporated at Cambridge. Dr. Clarke
did not long survive his admission to our College, as
we learn from the following note by Dr. Hamey :
" Doctor Clarke, junior, Johannis nostri filius, excedendo
e vita, priusquam e Candidatis excesserat, parentum
atque amicorum de se spem omnem frustratus est, sub
initium Septembris, 1643."
Charles Bostock, M.D., was on the 13th May,
1639, inscribed on the physic line at Leyden, being
I
1G43] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 235
then thirty years of age. He proceeded M.D. at Oxford
as a member of Christ Church, 9th June, 1640, and was
admitted a Licentiate of the College of Physicians, 4th
August, 1643.
AssuERUS E,EGiMORTEE,, M.D., was born in London,
of foreign parents, and was baptized at the Dutch
church, 6th January, 1615, He was educated under
the celebrated Thomas Farnaby, and then proceeded to
Leyden, where he took .the degree of doctor of medi-
cine 11th February, 1635; (Diss. Med. Inaug. de Febri-
bus intermittentibus.) He was incorporated at Oxford,
29th March, 1636 ; was admitted a Licentiate of the
College of Physicians, 30th September, 1639 ; a Candi-
date, 22nd December, 1642 ; and a Fellow 11th Novem-
ber, 1643. He was Gulstonian lecturer in 1645, and
Censor in 1649, Wood tells us that "he lived and
practised in Lime-street during the reign of Oliver,"
Dr, Pegimorter contributed largely to the Tractatus
de Pachitide, which was brought out by Dr, Glisson in
1658, and died 25th November, 1650. He bequeathed
to the College twenty pounds.'"
PoBERT Wright, M.D., was born in London. Hav-
ing had the misfortune, while yet a youth, to lose both
his parents, and to be left perfectly destitute of means,
he entered the service of Dr. Fludd (Pobertus de Fluc-
* Harney supplies us with the following sketch of his life : " Aha-
suerus Regimorter, Ambrosii theologi filius. Memini qnanti illura
faceret olim in schola sua Ludimagistrorum decus Farnabius.
Legi de eo encomia professorum Leydensium, cum ibi ad gradum
Doctoratus promoveretur. Audivi quam apte responderet Censori-
bus nostris ciim hie, de novo, examen medicum pro more esset
subeundum. Ipse interfui, ciim arduam imprimis illam, de capita
telam ad normam Gulstonianam solertissime in nostro theatro per-
texeret. Non pauci novimus cujus eruditioni Tractatus de Rachi-
tide acceptum ferat, quod prater caetera non solsecizet. Omnes
novimus, quam nuUi coaetaneo in praxi cederet, quam comis etiam
et probus, quam sedulus et sobrius, quamque gratus esset novissime
in Collegium, beneficio, nee invidendo, nee ullius decessorum se-
cundo, spectata aetate."
236 ROLL OF THE [1643
tibiis), the Kosicriician philosopher and physician, in
Coleman-street, City. Here he was chiefly engaged as
amanuensis ; but, having some spare time, he devoted
it to the study of languages and philosophy. On the
death of Dr. Fludd, in 1637, he was commended by
certain friends to the notice of Dr. Fox, at that time
President of our College, who, seeing in the young
man promise of future excellence, and pitying his for-
lorn condition, generously took upon himself the charge
of his maintenance and education. The latter. Dr. Fox
himself superintended, directing him first to botany,
and then to anatomy, human as well as comparative.
In these studies he made most rapid progress ; and so
gratified wa^ his patron, Dr. Fox, with his young friend
smd protege, that on his death, in 1642, he bequeathed
to him the amount necessary for his admission to the
CoUege of Physicians. For the rest, and for the fur-
ther direction of his studies, he was confided by Dr.
Fox to the good offices of Dr. Hamey, who sent Mr.
Wright to Leyden, where he was permitted, by the in-
tercession of Dr. Hamey and other influential persons
to present himself at once for examination, and pro-
ceeded doctor of medicine 11th September, 1642. (D.M.I,
de Lpe Venerea.) He passed his examinations at the
Censors' board in the autumn of the same year, and
having been incorporated at Cambridge, on his Leyden
degree, 1 5th February, 1642-3, he was admitted a Can-
didate of the CoUege of Physicians 6th March, 1642-3,
and a FeUow 11th November, 1643. This promising
physician was named Gulstonian lecturer for 1647, but
did not Hve to perform the duties of that office, and
died 16th September, 1646.'"'
* Dr. Harney's account of his fi'iend is so interesting and in-
structive, that the following extract, though long, will not be out of
place : " Reversus (a Leida) continuo petit Cantabrigiam, confir-
mando Doctoratus titulo ; mox etiam Londini, causa subeundi
examinis Censorum, nomen dat Collegio : quibus omnibus rite
peractis, conducit aedes, vale me et vade, satis lautas, belleque
instruit, semitamque pristinam anatomicEe industriae et famge insis-
tit; nee multo post Annam Boteler, Thomae et Gulielmi, Equitum
1643]
ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 237
Sir John Micklethwaite, M.D., was the son of
the Kev. Thomas Micklethwaite, rector of Cherry
Burton, co. York, and was baptized at Bishop Burton,
on the 23rd August, 1612. He was entered on the
physic line at Ley den, 15 th. December, 1637, and gra-
duated doctor of medicine at Padua, in 1638. He was
admitted a Candidate of the College of Physicians 22nd
October, 1642, and a Fellow 11th November, 1643.
He was incorporated at Oxford, on his doctor's degree,
14th April, 1648. He occurs as Gulstonian lecturer in
1644; Censor, 1647, 1649, 1651, 1656, 1658, 1662,
Auratorum, filiam et sororem ambit ducitque, filiamque cognomi-
nem ex ilia suscipit, fidejubente uxore mea in baptismo. Interea
nomen ejus., supra annorum sortem, per urbem crebrescit, et a Chi-
rurgis in praslectorem anatomicum, et a Collegio nostro ad prgelec-
tionem Gulstonianam eligitur a quo etiam in Harvaei professoris
anatomic! locum destinatur. Praxi etiam abundare coepit, specio-
sus ipse, comis, lepidus, nitidus, sedulusque et gnarus, praesertim
ob prosectionum peritiam, qua non solum bene audiebat, sed etiam
in segrorum morte, ne male audiret satis cavit, aperto mox cadavere,
et patefacta adstantium oculis necessitate moriendi. Qua nonnun-
quam de causa, licet juvenis, facilius quam seniorum doctissimi,
querimonias orborum evasit : hi enim saepe, pree dolore, rationi non
auscultant, cum interim oculis suis abrogare fidem non soleant, et
prse anatomici spectaculi admiratione, nescio quo abrepti, ejalare
desinant. Eadem etiam non raro de causa, licet prius non admotus
curee laborantium, accersitur tamen postea, ubi de causa morbi me-
dicis aut amicis minus constabat, ad def unctorura anatomen. Et hac
denique causa paulatim cum primariis medicis adbibetur in consul-
tationem, obvia prorsus illatione : ilium tantopere in omne morborum
genus cadaveribus versatum, momentum aliquod aiferre posse, ad
eruendum effectum, si non ad profligandum : unde contigit, ut vix-
dum trimulus Doctor (quodmihi sine arrogantia dictum esse voluit)
mille admodum Coronatus annuo spacio lucraretur. Verumenim-
vero, tot quotidie obeundis, totque cum expectatione non parva sus-
ceptis negotiis, hinc stimulante gloria, illinc invitante auro, corpus
nostri nuper Collegse plurimum attritum est, accedente in cumulum
intestino malo, perpetua valetudine uxoris, qua paucissimae quas
somno tribuere solebat horas plerumque interturbabantur, cum gravi
illius incommode, quem semper obnoxium maciei, et non ita pridem
tabi, refici non minus somno oportuisset quam cibo. Tam imbecilli
tororum vallo munitum, decimo Septembris, anno bujus saBculi 46,
acutissima febris oppugnat, vim suam virusque prodens, oborto iu
sinistra axilla tumore, et sexto post die, irritis auxiliaribus amicorum
copiis, expugnat, tam exsucco corpore, cum quovis antidoto, prorsus
imparl tantae bostis impressioni."
238 ROLL OF THE [lG43
1663 ; Elect, 27tli May, 1659 ; Treasurer, from 1667 to
1675 ; and President from 1676 to 1681. He T^as ap-
pointed assistant-physician to St. Bartholomew's hos-
pital, 26th May, 1648 ; and physician, 13th May, 1653.
He was one of the physicians in ordinary to king
Charles II., from whom he received the honour of
knighthood. " He was," writes Dr. Goodall, " a man
of great eminency and reputation in his profession, es-
pecially amongst the nobility, and persons of the best
quality in court and city. His piety towards God, and
charity to the poor, was very exemplary; and, therefore,
no wonder that his death was so universally lamented.
I had the honour and happiness to be so intimately ac-
quainted with him, that I cannot give him a less cha-
racter than what the learned Dr. Caius hath given of
Dr. Butte : ' Vir gravis, exrmia literarum cognitione,
singulari judicio, summa experientia, et prudenti con-
silio doctor.' He died in 1682, of an inflammation and
gangrene in his bladder, in the 70th year of his age,
and was buried in the parish church of St. Botolph's
Aldersgate ; at whose funeral attended Sir George Ent,
the Prseses natus of the College, with the rest of the
members, in their formalities." On his monument was
the following inscription :
M. S.
Heic juxta, spe plena resurgendi, situm est
depositum mortale
Joannis Micklethwaite Militis,
Serenissimo Principi Carolo Secundo a Medicis,
Qui, cum primis solertissimus, fidissimus, felicissimus,
in Collegio Medicorum Londinensium
lustrum integrum et quod excurrit
Pr£esidis provinciam dignissime ornavit ;
Et tandem emenso setatis tranquillas studio,
pietate sincera,
inconcussa vitse integritate,
benigna morum suavitate,
sparsa passim philantbropia
spectabilis,
miserorum asylum,
maritus optitnus,
parens indulgentissimus,
1646] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 239
suorum luctus,
bonorum omBium amor et deliciae,
septuagenarius senex,
cselo maturus
fato non invitus cessit
IV tal. Augusti, Anno Salutis mdclxxxii.
Ctetera loquantur
Languentium deploranda suspiria,
Viduarum ac Orphanorum
propter amotum Patronum profundi gemitus,
Pauperumque,
nudonim jam atque esurientium
importuna viscera.
Monumenta, hoc marmore longe perenniora,
mcErens posuit pientissima conjux.
The fine portrait of Sir John Mickleth waits, in the
College dining-room, was presented by Sir Edmund
King, M.D., an honorary Fellow of the College on the
3(Jth September, 1682.
Roger Drake, M.D., was of Pembroke college, Cam-
bridge, A.B. 1627-8, A.M. 1631. He w^as entered on
the physic line at Leyden, 2nd August, 1638, being
then thirty years of age, and studied under Vorstius,
Heurnius, and Waleus. He graduated doctor of medi-
cine there in 1639, D. M. I. de Circulatione Sanguinis,
in which, to use the words of Dr. Eobert Willis/'" " he
had the honour of appearing as the enhghtened advo-
cate of the Harveian views," and was coarsely attacked
for so doing the following year by Dr. Primrose. Dr.
Drake appears in our Annals as a doctor of medicine of
Cambridge, and as such was admitted a Candidate of
the College of Physicians 22nd December, 1643. He
resigned his Candidateship 27th November, 1646. He
was the author of " Medicinse Doctoris Vindicise." 4to.
Lond. 1641.
Nicholas Lamy, M.B., was a Frenchman, and a
bachelor of medicine, of Pembroke college, Oxford, of
10th July, 1631, having before that time spent seven
years in the study of physic at the university of Caen,
* Life of Harvey, p. xliv.
240 ROLL or THE [1646
in Normandy. He was admitted a Licentiate of the
College of Physicians 5th December, 1644.
John Thorpe, A.M. — A master of arts, of Lincoln
college, Oxford, of three j^ears' standing, was, on the
3rd July, 1646, admitted a Licentiate of the College of
Physicians.
William Babbington, M.D. On the 28th August,
1 643, being then thirty-eight years of age, and a bachelor
of arts, but of what university does not appear, he was
entered on the physic Hne at Ley den, and graduated
doctor of medicine at Franeker, 30th April, 1644. He
was admitted a Licentiate of the College of Physicians
]lth September, 1646.
Jonathan Goddard, M.D., was the son of Henry
Goddard, a wealthy ship-carpenter, of Deptford, and
was born at Greenwich in or about the year 1617. He
was entered a commoner of Magdalen hall, Oxford, in
1632 ; and, after staying there three or four years, left
the university without taking any degree. He then
travelled for a time upon the continent, and on his
return proceeded M.B. 1638, M.D. 1643, at Cambridge,
as a member of Catherine hall. He was admitted a
Candidate of the College of Physicians 22nd December,
1643, and a Fellow 4th November, 1646. He read the
Gulstonian lectures in 1648 ; was Censor in 1660, 1661,
1664, 1665, 1666, 1668, 1670, 1672; and was named
Elect 7th March, 1671-2. For some few years after his
admission to the College he practised in London, but
was then appointed first physician to the army, and in
that capacity accompanied OHver Cromwell to Ireland
in 1649, and to Scotland the following year, returning
to London with Cromwell after the battle of Worcester,
September, 1651. He was appointed warden of Merton
college, Oxford, 9th December, 1651 — "auspiciis par-
liamentariis, sed nunquam socius vel scholaris fuit," —
says Wood ; and was incorporated M.D. in that uni-
IG4G] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 241
versity i4th January, 1651-2. Cromwell was then
chancellor of Oxford, and returning to Scotland in order
to incorporate that kingdom into one commonwealth
with England, he appointed Dr. Goddard, with four
others, to act as his delegates in all matters relating to
grants or dispensations that required his assent. This
document bore date 16th October, 1652. His powerful
patron having dissolved the Long Parliament, called a
new one in 1653, named the Little Parliament, wherein
the warden of Merton sat sole representative of the
university, and was appointed one of the council of state
the same year. Such a series of honours and favours
bestowed by the protector, whose interests Dr. Goddard
constantly promoted, could not fail of bringing him
under the displeasure of Charles II. who, shortly after
the Eestoration, removed him from his wardenship,
by a letter dated 3rd July, 1660, and, claiming the
right of nomination during the vacancy of the see of
Canterbury, appointed another warden. The new war-
den was Dr. Edward Keynolds, then chaplain to the
king, and soon after bishop of Norwich, who was ap-
pointed expressly as successor to Sir Nathaniel Brent,
no notice being taken of Dr. Goddard. Driven thus
from Oxford, he removed to Gresham college, where he
had been chosen professor of physic 7th November,
1655. Here he frequented those meetings which gave
birth to the Royal Society ; and upon its establishment
by royal charter in 1663, he was nominated one of the
first council. Owing to the great fire of 1666, which
consumed the Royal Exchange, our professor with the
rest of his brethren, had to remove from Gresham col-
lege, to make room for the merchants who assembled
there. In 1671 he returned to his lodgings in the col-
lege, where he continued prosecuting experiments in
philosophy till his death.'"' Dr. Goddard was a good
practical chemist and the inventor of certain volatile
* Dr. Seth "Ward, afterwards bishop of Salisbury, who knew Dr.
Goddard well testifies to bis extensive learning, professional skill,
generous disposition, and benerolence to all good and learned men.
VOL. L R
242 ROLL OF THE [1646
drops, the Guttse Goddardianse vel Anglicanse, as they
were termed on the continent, long in great repute and
commended by Sydenham, who gave them a preference
over all other volatile spirits whatsoever, for " ener-
getically and efficaciously attaining the end, for which
they are applied." Dr. Goddard is said also to have
made with his own hands the first telescope ever con-
structed in this country. He was accustomed to meet
a select number of friends at the Crown tavern, in
Bloomsbury, where they discoursed on philosophic sub-
jects. Returning thence, in the evening of 24th March,
1674-5, he was seized with an apoplectic fit, which was
almost immediately fatal. He was buried in the middle
of the chancel of Great St. Helen's Bishopsgate. Dr.
Goddard was a warm supporter of the rights of his
order, and a fearless exposer of the abuses of apothe-
caries. He was the author of —
Observations concerning the nature and similar parts of a Tree.
Fol. Lond. 1664.
The Fruit Tree's Secrets. 4to. Lond. 1664.
A Discourse concerning Physick and the many Abuses thereof by
Apothecaries. 8vo. Lond. 1668.
Discourse setting forth the unhappy condition of the Practice of
Physic in London. 4to. Lond. 1669.
Besides these, several papers of his are to be found in
the " Philosophical Transactions." *
In the treatise " In Ismael BulHardi Asti'onomise Philolaic^e fnnda-
menta, Inquisitio brevis." 4to. Oxon. 1653, which Ward dedicated
to Dr. Goddard when warden of Merton college, he writes : — " Tu
in omni literarum genere excellens, in physica rerumve naturalium
cognitione profundissime versatus, in rebus chymicis Collegii Me-
dicorum Londinensis judicio peritissimus, in linguis eruditis omni-
bus accurate doctus, quinetiam in medicina practica prseclarus at-
que felicissimus, in rebus civilibus summa prudentia atque integri-
tatis g]oi"ia clarissimus. Etiam in mathematicis teipsum maxime
cum laude exercuisti. Diu est, ex quo telescopia prasstantissima
primus, quantum ego scio, Anglorum ipse fecisti. Nempe, tu laminas,
globulos, instrumenta omnia, sumptu tuo parasti, tu operarios con-
duxisti ; tu opus universum consilio, ingeiiio, atque mathematica-
rum artium scientia juvasti et gubernasti. Neque rerum jucun-
dissimarum praxi contentus, ea, qu^ a communi hominuui sensu
remotioree sunt geometria atque astronomia, speculatus es." Ward's
Gresham Professors, p. 271. * Wood's Athenae Oxon.
1G46] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 243
Nathan Paget, M.D., was the son of the Rev.
Thomas Paget, incumbent of Blacklej and rector of
Stockport, in Cheshire, but was born in Manchester.
He was a master of arts of Edinburgh, was entered on
the physic line at Leyden 25th November, 1638, being
then twenty-three years of age, and proceeded doctor
of medicine there 3rd August, 1639, He was ad-
mitted an Extra-Licentiate of the College of Physicians
4th April, 1640 ; was incorporated at Cambridge on his
Leyden degree 3rd June, 1642 ; and then settling in
London, was, after the usual examinations before the
Censors, admitted a Candidate 17th October, 1643 ;
and a Fellow 4th November, 1646. He was elected
Censor 3rd May, 1655, in place of Dr. Christopher
Bennet, deceased, and again in 1657, 1659, 1669, 1678;
Elect, 8th May, 1668. He delivered the Harveian Ora-
tion in 1664, and was dead on the 21st January,
1678-9, when Dr. Witherly was named Elect in
his place. By his will (proved 15th January, 1678),
dated 7th January, 1678, after other bequests to his
relatives, he leaves to the College of Physicians 20Z.
per annum for upwards of thirty years, being a portion
of the amount accruing from certain messuages in Petty
France, Little Moorfields, during the assignment of his
lease. Dr. Paget was the intimate friend of Milton,
and cousin to the poet's third wife, Elizabeth Minshall.
By will, he leaves her a bequest.
Joseph Dey, M.D. — A native of Norwich, educated
at Caius college, Cambridge, as a member of which
house he proceeded A.B. 1632-3, AM. 1636 ; but a
doctor of medicine of Padua of the 26th February,
1642; was admitted a Licentiate of the College of
Physicians 26th July, 1645. Having in the interval
been incorporated at Cambridge, he was, 4th Novem-
ber, 1646, admitted a Candidate.
Gerard Boet, M.D. — A native of Gorcum, in Hol-
land, was entered on the physic line at Leyden, 21st
June, 1628, being then twenty -five years of age, and
R 2
244 ROLL OF THE [1647
graduated a doctor of medicine there, the 3rd July,
1628. He was admitted a Licentiate of the College of
Physicians 6th November, 1646. He was the author of
a small work on the natural history of Ireland ; '^ Ire-
land's Natural History, published by Samuel Hartlib,"
8vo. Lond. 1652, a translation of wliich into French
appeared at Paris, in 1666.
Edward Emily, M.D., was descended from the old
family of his name seated at Helmdon, in Northamp-
tonshire. He was entered on the books at Leyden 8th
October, 1640, being then twenty-three years of age,
and he graduated doctor of medicine there the 10th
November, 1640. He was admitted a Licentiate of the
College of Physicians 25th June, 1641. Having, on
the 12th February, 1641-2, been incorporated at Ox-
ford, he was admitted a Candidate 22nd December, 1643,
and a Fellow 8th May, 1647. He wasGulstonian lecturer
in 1649, and Censor 1652 and 1653. He delivered the
first Harveian oration in 1656, but was indiscreet in his
language, and gave some offence to his colleagues.''^ He
was physician to St. Thomas's hospital, and dying in
November, 1657, barely forty years of age, was buried
at St. Olave's, Silver-street. He had married Elizabeth,
the only surviving daughter of John MiUington, of
Wandsworth, gentleman, and left by her an only son,
John, who became a distinguished merchant in the city.
Wood records, but on what authority he omits to
mention, that Dr. Emily "in 1652 or 1653 held up
his hand at the bar, at an assize held in Oxon, for coyn-
* " Comitia Minora Extraordinaria, 28 Julii, 1656. Ibique D"
Emilie id culp^ datum est, quod in nupera Oratione inaugurali
publice in Collegio habita acriiis quam decuit in rem militarem de-
clamasset ; adeoque praesens Reip : regimen collutulatum esset. D''
Emilie autem nihil a se male animo dictum aiErmabat, idque fide
optima profitebatur. Perlecta est in eum finem illius oratio : atque
porro placuit, ut eadem denuo a censoribus et D'® Bate ac D^^
Staynes perlustraretnr.
" Videbatur etiam consultum, tit in posterum nulla hujusmodi
Oratio habeatur in Collegio, nisi quam, mense saltern antea, Prteses
et Censorum aliquis perlegerint atque approbaverint." — Annales,
iv. 67.
1648] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 245
ing ; but, being freed, he went to London, and practised
his faculty in the parish of St. Olave's, Silver-street."
The dates, as extracted from our Annals, and the esteem
in which he was held by his colleagues to the last,
scarcely tally with Wood's statement.'""
William Smith, of Midhurst, co. Sussex, was ad-
mitted an Extra- Licentiate 18th June, 1647.
Robert Wadeson, M.D., was born in Richmond-
shire, and educated at St. John's college, Cambridge,
as a member of which he proceeded A.M. 1639. He
was admitted a fellow of St. John's, on Lady Margaret's
foundation, in 1639 ; and on the 2nd January, 1645-6,
was admitted a Licentiate of the College of Physicians.
Having proceeded doctor of medicine at Cambridge in
1647, he was admitted a Candidate 16th July, 1647.
Dr. Wadeson was, on the 13th October, 1648, incorpo-
rated at Oxford on his doctor's degree.
Edmund Trench, M.D., was a native of Norfolk, and
a doctor of medicme of Bourges of 12th March, ]638 ;
incorporated on that degree at Oxford 15th April,
1648. He was admitted a Candidate of the College of
Physicians 22nd December, 1643, and a Fellow 26th
June, 1648. He read the Gulstonian lectures in 1650,
and was Censor in 1650, 1655, and 1658. He died
late in December, and was buried at All Hallows,
Staining, 5th January, 1669-70.
* " Edvardus Emilie vix quadragenarius pridie Idus Novemb fu-
nera clausit sociorum hujns Anni (1657) et in ^de D. Olavi, Silver
street coBditus est. Defuncti lectum prasliicentibus funalibus, eo
proseqnebantur, prseter alios, Cicestrensis (ut sunt tempora) sine
Episcopatu, Episcopus et totnm medicum Collegium. Morborum
erat indagator sagax, eventus provisor anxius, et medendi f selix quod
publice testatum fecit saepissime in D. Thom^ cui prseerat, noso-
comio. Proxime etiam se dederat egregie in defungendo munere
susceptge prosectionis Gulstonianae ; ubi obiter de Atomis agebat
nom minus erudite quamde Anatomicis. Summum ; nikil illi, praster
tempus defuit ad magnum decus in arte nostra adipiscendum ; nee
potuit non ampla messis sequi hujusmodi herbescentem segetem."
— Bustorum aliquot Reliquiae, auth. Baldv. Hamey.
246 ROLL OF THE [1649
John King, M.D. — A Londoner by birth, was en-
tered on the physic hne at Leyden 16th February,
1629, being then twenty-four years of age. He gra-
duated doctor of medicine at Leyden in 1638, was in-
corporated at Oxford 14th January, 1640-1, and was
admitted a Candidate of the College of Physicians
22nd December, 1643 ; and a Fellow 9th August,
1648. He was Censor in 1651 and 1659 ; was named
an Elect, in place of Dr. Stanes, deceased, on the 3rd
March, 1679-80, and died from jaundice 28th October,
1681.
Edmund Wilson, M.D., was born in Oxfordshire,
and educated at Emmanuel college, Cambridge, where
he proceeded bachelor of medicine 9th April, 1638. He
took his doctor's degree at Padua in January, 1641-2 ;
was incorporated at Oxford 10th October, 1646; and was
admitted a Candidate of the College of Physicians 4th
November, 1646 ; and a Fellow 15th June, 1649. He
was Censor 1654, 1656, and delivered the second Har-
veian oration, that of 1657, when more judicious or
more fortunate than his predecessor in office. Dr. Emily,
p. 244, he seems to have satisfied all his hearers. The
oration was delivered only a few days after Harvey's
death, and the orator took occasion to refute the rumour
which was then gaining credence with some persons,
that Harvey, to escape the pangs of dying, had hastened
his own end by an opiate. Dr. Wilson died on the 7th
August, 1657, a few weeks only after delivering the
oration."" Wood believes him to have been the author
of
Spadacrene Dunelmensis ; or, a short Treatise of an Ancient
Medicinal Fountain or Vitrioline Spaw near the city of Durham.
Together with the Constitutional Principles, Virtues, and Use
thereof. 8vo. Lond. 1675.
The Spirit of Salt, with the true Oyle or Spirit of Sulphur. 4to.
Lond. 1666.
* " Vir prorsus gnavus, et supra aetatem prudens, et praeter vulgi
medicorum mores, humaniorum literarum studiosus sciensque, quod,
ut alias, ita proxime ostendit Harvaei die anniversai'io • quo nemini
1649] KOYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 247
Thomas Coxe, M.D., was born in Somersetshire, and
educated at Emmanuel college, Cambridge, where he took
the two degrees in arts, A.B. 1634-5, A.M. 1638. He
then travelled into Italy, and at Padua proceeded doc-
tor of medicine 12th December, 1641. He was admitted
a Licentiate of the College of Physicians 13th June, 1 646 ;
but, getting incorporated at Oxford 15th October, 1646,
he was on the ensuing 4th November admitted a Can-
didate, and a Fellow 25th June, 1649. He was Censor
in 1652, 1667, 1671, 1674, 1675 ; Harveian orator, 1660 ;
Elect, 29th April, 1675 ; Treasurer, 1676 to 1680 ; Con-
siliarius, 1680, 1683 ; President, 1682. He was one of
the original fellows of the Royal Society. Dr. Coxe,
who had been physician to the Parliamentary army,
fell at length into pecuniary difficulties, and if Wood's
statement is to be accepted, put himself in prison to
compound for his debts. He died "apudPortum Iccium"
in 1684-5.'" Was not he the author of "A Discourse
wherein the interest of the Patient in reference to
Physick and Physicians is soberly debated," 18mo.
Lond. 1699? It was Dr. Coxe who persuaded Sydenham
to devote himself to medicine.
Henry Stanley, M.D., was the son of Henry Stan-
ley of Chichester, gent., by his wife Aim, daughter of
William Madgick of Southampton, gent., and was edu-
cated at New college, Oxford ; but was a doctor of medi-
cine of Padua of 10th July, 1637 ; incorporated on that
degree at Oxford 2nd April, 1641. He was admitted a
Licentiate of the College of Physicians 3rd July, 1646 ;
a Candidate 22nd December, 1646 ; and a Fellow 7th
December, 1649. He was Censor in 1653 and 1669.
Dying 24th February, 1671, he was buried at Little
priorum vel orationis elegantia vel doctrina cessit, nulloque pri-
orum minus acres aculeos auditoribus infixit, ad benefaciendum, et
per virtutis templum, ut olim, ad illud honoris perveniendum." —
Harney, Bustorum aliquot Reliquiae.
* " Thoma Coxe, M.D. qui aere alieno obreptus in Galliam pro-
fugit 1684, apoplexia extinctus ibidem ignobili funere sepultus est."
— Dr. Middleton Massey's M.S. notes to his copy of the Pharma-
copasia Londinensis.
248 ROLL OF THE [l649
Gadesden, co. Herts, where there is a monument with
the followmg inscription : —
Henr : Stanley, M.D.
celeberrimi utriusque Coll :
Novi primum in Univ : Oxon :
Medicorum deinde in civitate Lond :
ob: 24 Feb: 1671.
Dr. Stanley bequeathed to the College fifty pounds,
which was received 1st October, 1672.
Christopher Bennet, M.D., was the son of John
Bennet, of Baynton, in Somersetshire, and became a
commoner of Lincoln college, Oxford, in Michaelmas
term, 1632. He proceeded A.B. 24th May, 1636,
A.M. 24th January, 1639, and then entered on the
study of medicine, but did not take a degree in that
fe,culty in his own university. He was incorporated at
Cambridge, on his master's degree, 5th February, 1645—
6, and was admitted a Licentiate of the College of Phy-
sicians, 11th September, 1646. He took his degree of
doctor of medicine at Cambridge in 1646, as a member
of Catherine hall ; was admitted a Candidate of the
College 16th July, 1647, and a Fellow 7th December,
1649. He was Censor in 1654 ; and dying, as we are
told by Hamey, of consumption, 30th April, 1655, was
buried in St. Gregory's church, by St. Paul's. His
portrait was engraved by Pombart. Dr. Bennet was
the author of the well-known and often-quoted
Tbeatri Tabidorum Vestibulum ; sen Exercitationes dianocticag
cum bistoriis demonstrativis, quibus alimentornm et sanguinis vitia
deteguntur in plerisque morbis. Lond. 1655.
He also corrected and enlarged Dr. MuflPett's work.
Health's Improvement, &c. 4to. Lond. 1655.
Thomas Lenthall, A.M., was originally of Christ
college, Cambridge, and proceeded A.B. as a member
of that house in 1632-3 ; immediately after which he
was elected a fellow of Pembroke college, and com-
menced A.M. 1636. He was ejected from his fellow-
ship in 1642, and commencing practice in Essex, was
IG49] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 249
admitted a Licentiate of the College of Physicians 11th
December, 1649.
Daniel Whistler, M.D. — A son of William Whist-
ler, of Elvington, in the parish of Goring, Oxfordshire,
but born at Waltharastow, was educated at the free
school of Thame, and admitted probationer fellow of
Merton college, Oxford, in January, 1639. He took
his first degree m arts, and then obtaining leave from
his college to travel, passed over to Holland, and on
the 8th August, 1642, was entered on the physic line,
at Leyden. He proceeded A.M. at Oxford, 8th Febru-
ary, 1643-4, then returned to Leyden, and there took
the degree of doctor of medicine 19th October, 1645.
His inaugural dissertation on this occasion — "De morbo
puerili Anglorum, quam patrio sermone indigense vocant
* the Eickets' " — is worthy of notice, it being the earliest
printed account we have of that disease, having pre-
ceded the elaborate work of Dr. Glisson by nearly five
years. Dr. Whistler^s essay was originally in quarto,
but was reprinted in octavo, and published in 1684, the
year after the author's death. Returning to England,
Dr. Whistler got incorporated at Oxford, on his doctor's
degree, 20th May, 1647 ; and coming before the College
of Physicians, was admitted a Candidate 16th July,
1647, and a Fellow 13th December, 1649. He was
chosen Gresham professor of geometry, 13th June, 1648,
and resigned his office (on marriage), 7th August, 1657.
" Afterwards," says Wood, " he submitted to the power
of the Visitors appointed by Parhament; kept his fel-
lowship, though absent, became superior reader of
Linacre's lecture, but read not, because he was prac-
tising his faculty in London ; and in 1653 he went, as
chief physician, to the embassy made by Bulstrode
Whitlocke into Sweden."
On his return, he showed himself an active member
of the College. He delivered the Harveian oration for
1659; was Censor, in 1657, 1662, 1663, 1667, 1671,
1672, 1673, 1674, 167.5, 1676, 1679, 1680; Registrar,
250 ROLL OF THE [1G49
1674 to the 26th June, 1682 ; Elect, 13th June, 1676,
in place of Dr. Harney; Treasurer, 1682; and, in an
evil hour, was elected President in 1 683. Dr. Whistler's
character will not bear examination ; and it would have
been well for the interests of the College had he not
been admitted to some, at least, of the places of trust
he was elected to fill. His manners were agreeable,
and he shone particularly in society ; yet it is but too
evident that duty, honour, and probity weighed but
lightly with him. Samuel Pepys speaks of him " as
good company, and a very ingenious man ;" and his con-
temporary diarist, Evelyn, terms him " the most face-
tious man in nature." His duties as Registrar he sys-
tematically neglected ; and our Annals, especially during
the latter period he held the office, are in perplexing
and inextricable confusion. Wood says, " he married
a rich widow, and his practice for many years before
his death brought him 1,000/. per annum, yet he died
very much in debt, and worse than nothing." This event
took place the 11th May, 1684, from malignant fever,
with peripneumony, in the year of his Presidency, and
he was buried in the north aisle of Christ church, New-
gate-street.
Dr. Whistler took advantage of his position as Pre-
sident to defraud the College over which he presided ;
but in what precise manner, or to what extent, is not
recorded.
" 1684. Maii xiij. Comitiis Extraordinariis, Con-
sultatio fuit, de peculatu insigni Danielis Whistler,
Prsesidis nuper defuncti, assistenti amplissimo ac pru-
dentissimo viro, Joanne Cutlero, Baronetto.
"1684. Maiixxiv. Comitiis Privatis. Nihil actum
prseterea de rebus Doctoris Whistler, nisi quod ejus
nummi, vasa argentea et id genus pretiosa, coram Prse-
side, Joanne Cutlero Baronetto, D''® Scarburgh, D""®
Witherley, D^^ Collins, Sen., D'"^ Rogers, D""^ Milling-
ton Eq. Aurato, in loco tuto reponebantur, donee alter
testamentarise procurationi praepositus advenerit D"""^
Lowther."
1649] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 251
I do not meet with any further distinct references to
this disgraceful affair ; it became, however, pubHcly
known, and was mentioned in some of the Harveian
orations.'^' I am disposed to infer from these, and some
subsequent entries in the Annals, that Sir Johii Cutler
reimbursed the College either of the whole or a part of
its loss. He certainly lent a considerable sum of money
to meet pressing claims upon the Institution, to which
he had akeady proved himself a liberal friend. A
portrait of Dr. Whistler is in the College, in company
too good for his deserts. It was given by Mr. Boulter,
to whom thanks were voted 26th June, 1704.
Sir John Wedderbourne, M.D., was a doctor of
medicine of the university of St. Andrew s, incorpo-
rated at Oxford 9th April, 1646, by virtue of the Chan-
cellor's letters to that effect, which represent him as
" one of his Majesty's physicians in ordinary," and ''a
gentleman of known learning and vast experience,"
Woodt says, " He was originally a professor of philo-
sophy in the said university (St. Andrew's), but that
being too narrow a place for so great a person, he left
it, travelled into various countries, and became so cele-
brated for his great learning and skill in physic, that
he was the chief man of his country for many years
for that faculty. Afterwards he received the honour of
knighthood, and was highly valued when he was with
the Prince in Holland, in 1646 and 1647. At length,
though his infirmities and great age forced him to
retire from public practice and business, yet his fame
contracted all the Scotch nation to him. And his
noble hospitality and kindness to all that were learned
and vui:uous, made his conversation no less loved than
liis advice was desired." Sir John Wedderbourne was
admitted a Licentiate of the College of Physicians 14th
December, 1649.
* In that namely of 1707, by Dr. Walter Harris, and of 1721,
by Dr. John Hawys.
f Fasti Oxon, vol. ii, p. 735,
252 ROLL OF THE [1650
John Pratt, M.D., was educated at Emmanuel col-
lege, Cambridge, as a member of which he proceeded A.B.
1632-3, A.M. 1636, M.D. 1645. He subsequently be-
came a fellow of Trinity college, and was admitted a Can-
didate of the College of Physicians, 22ndDecember, 1649.
John Triste, A.M., a master of arts of Lincoln col-
lege, Oxford, was admitted a Licentiate of the College
of Physicians 7th June, 1650.
Sir Charles Scarburgh, M.D., was born in Lon-
don, and educated at St. Paul's school and at Caius
college, Cambridge, where, having taken the first de-
gree in arts (1636), he was chosen a fellow, and pro-
ceeded A.M. in 1639. He then took pupils, but de-
voted the whole of his spare time to mathematics and
medicine : the latter he had determined should be the
business of his life, the former he regarded as the best
preparative thereto. In the prosecution of his mathe-
matical studies, he made the acquaintance of Bishop
Seth Ward, then of Emmanuel college, whose studies
were directed to the same subject. They mutually
assisted each other, took Oughtred's " Clavis Mathe-
maticus" for their guide, and, meeting with some in-
surmountable difficulties in that work, they determined
to make a joint visit to the author, then at his living
of Aldbury, in Surrey. Mr. Oughtred received them
most kindly, treated them with great politeness, and in
a short time fully resolved aU their difficulties. The
two friends returned to Cambridge complete masters of
the work, and were the first to read lectures upon it in
the university. In the civil wars, Mr. Scarbiu-gh was
a sufferer for the royal cause, and was ejected from his
fellowship at Caius. He thereupon withdrew to Ox-
ford, entered himself at Merton college, then presided
over by the immortal Harvey, obtained the friendship
of that great man, and rendered him considerable assist-
ance in the preparation of his work " de Generatione
Animalium." On the 23rd June, 1646, he was created
1G50] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 253
doctor of medicine at Oxford, by virtue of letters from
the chancellor of the university, wherein it was stated
that "he was master of arts of Cambridge of seven
years' standmg and upwards ; that he was spoiled of his
library in the beginning of these troubles ; and after-
wards, for his conscience, deprived of his fellowship at
Cambridge." His letters testimonial from Harvey
stated that he was well learned in physic, philosophy,
and mathematics. He was incorporated at Cambridge
on his doctor's degree in 1660 ; and he was one of the
original fellows of the Royal Society.
Dr. Scarburgh then removed to London, was ad-
mitted a Candidate of the College of Physicians 25th
January, 1647-8, and a Fellow 26th September, 1650.
He was Censor in 165.5, 1664, 1665; Elect, 2nd No-
vember, 1677, in place of Dr. Glisson ; Consiliarius,
1684, 1685, 1686, 1688, 1689. In 1658 he was spe-
cially deputed by the President to introduce the Mar-
quis of Dorchester, on his admission as a Fellow of the
College. This he did in an elegant Latin speech, as
honourable to his own scholarship and good taste, as it
was complimentary to the Marquis and gratifying to
the College. Dr. Scarburgh's reputation was by this
time established. He had for many years read the ana-
tomical lectures at Surgeon's hall with great applause,
and he was about this period appointed first physician
to king Charles II. by whom he was knighted 15tli
August, 1669. He attended the king in his last illness,
and left behind him a full and interesting account of
that illness in MS. The MS. is at the Society of Anti-
quaries, No. 206. Sir Charles was also physician to
James II. both before and after his accession to the
throne ; was physician to the Tower, and to king Wil-
liam III. The friendship commenced, at Oxford with
Harvey was continued to the end of his life ; and when,
on the 28th July, 1656, Harvey presented to the Col-
lege the title-deeds of his paternal estate in Kent, and
resigned his Lumleian lectureship, he transferred that
office to Sir Charles Scarburgh. " Prselegendi quo-
254 ROLL OF THE [1G50
que munus (quod multis annis summo cum honore obi-
erat) in D""^"" Scarburgh transtulit." In his will Harvey
makes affectionate mention of his friend, and leaves
him his velvet gown and surgical instruments. ''Item,
I give my velvet gowne to my lovinge friend M'' Doctor
Scarburgh ;" — " and to D'' Scarbrough aU my httle sil-
ver instruments of surgerie."
Sir Charles Scarburgh resigned his place of Elect
22nd December, 1691, and dying 26th February, 1693-
4, was buried at Cranford, Middlesex, where his monu-
ment, on the north side of the chancel, bears the fol-
lowing inscription : —
Hie jacet Carolus Scarburgh,
Eques Auratus, Medicinae Doctor,
serenissimo Regi Carolo, necnon Jacobo secnndo,
ac etiam Reginae Marine, Danise Principibusque Archiat :
Anglorum inter Medicos Hippocrates,
inter Mathematicos Enclides,
suavissimis moribus indutns, omnibus affabilis,
cunctis vitae ofEciis aequabilis,
civis, maritus, pater, amicus optimus.
To whose pious memory this marble monument is set up by Lady
Scarburgh, relict to Sir Charles Scarburgh, who by no violent dis-
temper, but by a gentle and easy decay, departed this life in the 79th
year of his age, 26 Feb. 1693.
Sir Charles Scarburgh is mentioned by Oughtred in
the third edition of his " Clavis Mathematica, Oxon,
1652," in the following comphmentary terms : " Accessit
et alter hortator vehemens D. Car, Scarburgh medi-
cinae doctor, suavissimis moribus, perspicatissimoque
ingenio vir ; cujus tanta est in Mathesi solertia, et
supra fidem felix tenaxque memoria, ut omnes Euclidis,
Archimedis, aliorumque nonnuUorum ex antiquis pro-
positiones recitare ordine et in usum proferre potis sit."
His love for mathematics continued to the last, and he
accumulated a library so valuable, as to have been con-
sidered deserving of incorporation with the King's li-
brary at St. James's. Evelyn writes thus (Diary, 10th
March, 1695) : "I dined at the Earl of Sunderland's
with Lord Spencer. My Lord showed me his library.
1G50] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 255
now again improved by many books bought at the sale
of Sir Charles Scarburgh, an eminent physician, which
was the very best collection, especially of mathematical
books, that was, I believe, in Europe ; once designed
for the King's library at St. James's ; but the Queen
dying, who was the great patroness of that design, it
was let fall, and the books, were miserably dissipated."
A catalogue of the library was issued in 1695. *' Bibli-
otheca Scarburghiana ; a catalogue of the incomparable
Library of Sir Charles Scarburgh, M.D. , containing a
very curious and scarce collection of Greek classics." 8vo.
On the fly leaf of the copy belonging to Heber is the
following note : " A noble collection of Greek and mathe-
matics ; an immense proportion printed on large paper."
R. Heber.
Sir Charles Scarburgh was the author of " Syllabus
Musculorum," which was often reprinted ; of " A Trea-
tise upon Trigonometry ;" " A Compendium of Lily's
Grammar ;" and " An Elegy upon Mr. Abraham Cow-
ley." His son, Charles Scarborough, D.C.L., Oxon,
jjublished in folio in 1705, from his father's MSS. " An
English translation of Euclid's Elements," with excel-
lent explanatory notes.
A portrait of this distinguished physician exists (or
did exist) at Temple Newsome, in the parish of Whit-
church, CO. York. And there is another at the Hall of
the Barber Surgeons, which has been engraved.
Adrian Metcalfe, M.D. — A native of Lincolnshire,
and a doctor of medicine of Oxford of 6th May, 1645,
was admitted an Extra-Licentiate of the College 3rd
December, 1650.
Thomas Wharton, M.D., was the only son of John
Wharton, of Winston, co. Durham, by his wife Elizabeth,
daughter of Roger Hodshon. He was born at Winston,
in 1614, baptised in August of that year, and educated
at Pembroke hall, Cambridge. Thence he removed to
Trinity college, Oxford, being then tutor to John Scrope,
256 ROLL OF THE [1G50
the natural and only son of Emanuel earl of Sunder-
land. When the Civil War commenced Mr. Wharton
removed to London, and studied physic under Dr. John
Bathurst, a Fellow of the College, and physician to
Oliver Cromwell. In 1646, when Oxford had surren-
dered to the Parliamentary forces, Wharton returned
to his college, and, on the 7th May, 1647, was actually
created doctor of medicine, in virtue of letters from the
Parhamentary general. Sir Thomas Fairfax, which
stated that he had for some time been a student in the
university, and had afterwards improved his time in
London, in the study of all parts of physic. Having
obtained his d(^gree. Dr. Wharton returned to London,
was admitted a Candidate of the College of Physicians
25th January, 1647-8, and a Fellow 23rd December,
1650. He was incorporated at Cambridge, on his
doctor's degree in 1652. He was Censor m 1658, 1661,
1666, 1667, 1668, 1673. Of Dr. Wharton's merits as
an anatomist it would be difficult to speak too highly.
Boerhaave held him in the highest estimation, and thus
describes him : " Eminentissimus anatomicus, gravissi-
mse auctoritatis in anatomia, et house fidei laudisque
optimse, non magnus ratiocmator sed unice fidens cul-
tro anatomico."'" To Dr. Wharton's honour be it re-
corded, that he was one of the very few physicians who
remained in London, and in the exercise of his profes-
sion, during the whole of the plague of 1666. On the
first appearance of that disease, he determined, after
mature consideration, to remain at his post and attend
to his own patients, as well as to the poor of St.
Thomas's hospital, of which he was physician. When
the disease was reaching its height, and the mortality
had become excessive ; when a panic had seized on
most of the profession, and the great majority were
hurrying with their families for safety into the country,
Dr. Wharton's resolution for a moment wavered ; but
he was induced to persevere in the line of duty by
* Methodus Studii Medici edidit Haller, 4to. Amst., 1751. Vol.
i, p. 418.
1650] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 257
a promise from Government, that would he persist in
attending the Guards, who, as fast as they fell ill, were
sent to St. Thomas's hospital, he should receive the first
vacant appointment of physician in ordinary to the
King. Soon after the plague had ceased, a vacancy in
the promised office happened, and Dr. Wharton pro-
ceeded to court to solicit the fulfilment of the engage-
ment. He was answered that his Majesty was under
the necessity of appointing another person his physi-
cian ; but, to show his sense of Dr. Wharton's services,
he would order the heralds to grant him an honourable
augmentation to his paternal arms. From Dr. Wharton's
notes in a diary preserved in the family, it appears that
he had to pay Sir William Dugdale a fee of 10^. for this
augnientation (a canton or, in the dexter quarter), the
sole reward which Dr. Wharton received for his services.
Dr. Wharton had married Jane, daughter of William
Ashbridge, of London ; and dying at his house in
Aldersgate-street, 14th November, 1673, in the sixtieth
year of his age, was buried in St. Michael's Bassishaw,'"
where a tablet bears the following inscription to his
memory : —
Siste pedem viator, quisquis es, ac venerare.
Thomee Wharton, M.D., C.R.M.L.S.
quod fait mortale heic juxta- situm est ;
qui Winstoniae apud Dunelmenses natus,
Cantabrigiffi apud Pembrochianos educatus,
non ipsius natalis soli, non academiEe,
sed in commune humani generis commodum,
natum se educatumq : f actis comprobavit.
Vir Justus, probus, pius, omnimoda eruditione cseteris hominibus hac
solumraodo conditione impar quod omnes sui sseculi medicos facile
antecelluerit. Grassante infami ilia Londiniis Peste, hoste infensis-
sima, anno mdclxvi. rebus ad Triarios jam plane perductis, recep-
tusq : aliis canentibus, fixis aquilis adbaesit immotus, saluti public^e
* " 14 Nov. 1673. Circa meridiem noctis obiit Tbo: Wharton,
Med: Doct: apud sedes suas in Aldersgate street, fama optima :
sepultus in minis ecclesise S*^*' Michael : Bassishaw ubi quondam
inhabitavit, die Jovis, Nov: xx. — De religione hujus medici fama
diversa." Smith's Obituary, p. 100.
VOL. I. S
258 ROLL OF THE [1G51
velle asserens prospicere, aliens appetentem, suae profusnm. Natus
An. MDCXIV. Obiit MDCLXXIII.
Dr. Wharton was the author of —
Adenograpliia, seu Descriptio Glandularum totius corporis. 8vo.
Lond. 1656 —
reprinted at Amsterdam in 1659 — a work of great
merit, and giving a far more accurate description of
the glands and their diseases than had then appeared.
Dr. Wharton's son and heir, Thomas Wharton, M.D.,
of Old Park, Durham (an estate purchased by his father
in 1670), was born in 1669, and died in December, 1714.
The portrait of Dr. Wharton, by Vandyck, now in the
Censors' room, was presented 30th September, 1729,
by the doctor's grandson, George Wharton, M.D., the
Treasurer of the College.
Christopher Merrett, M. D. , was bom on the 1 6th
February, 1614, at Winchcombe, co. Gloucester, and
in 1631 was admitted a student of Gloucester hall,
Oxford ; whence, after he had continued about two
years, he removed to Oriel college, and, as a member
of that house, proceeded A.B. 24th January, 1634 ;
M.B. as a member of Gloucester hall, 30th June, 1636 ;
and was actually created doctor of medicine 31st Janu-
ary, 1642-3. He was admitted a Candidate of the Col-
lege of Physicians 30th September, 1648 ; and a Fellow
16th May, 1651 ; was Gulstonian lecturer in 1654 ;
Censor, 1657, 1658, 1660, 1661, 1662, 1663, 1670;
and was expelled from his fellowship 25th June, 1681.
The circumstances which led to his expulsion were as
follow. Dr. Merrett was a friend of Harvey, and at
the opening of the Harveian library and museum, 2nd
February, 1653-4, resided, or was about to reside, in
the College house in Amen-corner ; the lease of which,
for 21 years, at an annual rent of 20l., was provisionally
conceded to him 4th April, 1653, and finally concluded
and ratified under the College seal, 10th February,
1653-4. Merrett, as it seems on the admission of all
parties, was nominated library keeper by Dr. Harvey,
1G51] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 259
a position for which he was well qualified by his resi-
dence on the spot, and his general attainments as a
man of science. No doubt can be entertained that the
College cordially acquiesced in the nomination, although
no special mention of it occurs in the Annals ; and no
time was allowed to elapse ere an adequate acknow-
ledgment was made of his services. Within little more
than four months from the opening of the library, viz.,
on the 26th June, 1654, the College, at a Comitia Majora
Ordinaria, came to the following resolution : " That Dr.
Merrett, in recompense for his pains for looking to the
new library, shall from the present 26th June, 1654, be
discharged from paying any i ent for his dwelhng-house,
from all quit-rent also, and taxations for the College,
till such time as provision be made for him by some
other equivalent way, he keeping in the interim the
house in repair, and observing such statutes as shall be
made concerning the aforesaid library." This arrange-
ment, so far as the contradictory statements before us
enable me to form an opinion, was satisfactory to all
parties, and remained undisturbed till after the de-
struction of the College and library, in the great fire of
1666, notwithstanding that Harvey, in making over
his paternal estate to the College, 21st June, 1656,
made special provision for, and defined the duties of,
the Librarian. The salary allowed him under Harvey's
deed of gift was 20Z. per annum ; the same sum which,
as we have above seen, the College had already accorded
to Dr. Merrett. The duties of the office, the mode of
election, &c., are thus defined : " Whereas the said Wil-
liam Harvey hath erected the said building for a Hbrary,
and hath at his own charge furnished the same with
books and otherwise as aforesaid, he, the said William
Harvey, doth intend, and hereby declare, that there
shall for ever hereafter be a Keeper of the said library,
who shall have a dwelling withm the said College, and
shall take the charge of all the books, pictures, statues,
presses, carpets, and other utensils which are or shall
be placed in the said library, and take care that the
s 2
260 ROLL OF THE [l^^l
same be cleansed, swept, and preserved from dust or
misusage. And that the said Keeper shall from time
to time be named and chosen by the President, the two
eldest Censors, and all the Elects for the time being of
the said College, or the greater number of them, and
shall likewise be removable at their pleasure. And that
the said Keeper, so to be from time to time named and
chosen, shall give security to the said College for his
due and faithful performance of the said place and
office." I have quoted these directions at length, as
they bear strongly on the subsequent dispute between
Dr. Merrett and the College. How the ordinary duties
of the office were performed by Merrett we have no
means of determining ; but it seems clear that the Col-
lege had good grounds for complaint that so few of the
books and other valuables were saved from the fire. In
Goodall's "Collection of College Affairs," MSS. No.
178, now in the library, is a copy from the list given
in to the President by Merrett, dated 22nd October,
1667, of books, &c., belonging to the College, saved
from the fire, and then in his custody.
After the fire, the College, for a consideration of
550/., resigned to the dean and chapter of St. Paul's
the lease of the ground in Amen-corner, on which the
College had been situated ; but in doing so, they
awarded to Dr. Merrett 50l. of that sum, in con-
sideration of the loss he had sustained, and on con-
dition that he should resign his lease held under the
College from the 10th February, 1653-4: "Feb. viij.
166y. Visum etiam D" Merrett 50 libras ex pecuniis
a Decano et Capitulo Divi Pauli solvendis largiri, modo
tamen syngrapham qua sedes Collegii ipsi locabantur
restituit." Tliis amount, as we see from the folio wino-
memorandum in the Annals, was paid him "14 Febru-
arii, 1669-70. Prsesentibus D° Preeside D'^ Geo. Ent,
D''*' Staynes, &c., &c. Decanus et Capitulum Divi Pauli
solverunt, ex pacto, libras quingentas et quinquaginta,
quarum quinquaginta in commodum D"^ Merrett, con-
ditione prsedicta, cesser unt."
1651] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 261
With the destruction of the College and the loss of
the library, it seemed to the authorities that there
were no longer duties to be performed by a hbrarian,
and, as a necessary consequence, no services to be re-
munerated. Dr. Merrett thought, or affected to think,
differently ; he represented himself as appointed for
life ; and, expressing his readiness to perform such
duties as might be yet pertaining to the office, claimed
from the College the stipend awarded by Harvey's
deed. The College resisted this demand, and at a sub-
sequent period Merrett brought the question to issue in
the Court of King's Bench. At what period he first
ma.de a formal claim, I am unable to discover : but, as
he was appointed Censor in 1670, it was not, probably,
till after that period. On the 22nd December, 1676, he
desired permission to transcribe Harvey's deed of gift,
but the sanction of the College was refused. Up to
this time he had retained in his possession, or had se-
creted, the whole of the College property saved from
the fire, and he was now threatened with legal proceed-
ings if he did not give it up : *' 1676. Decembris 22.
D"" Merrett veniam postulavit instrumentum Harvaei
transcribendi, quo prsedia paterna dono dedit Collegio
Medicorum Regali Londinensium, sub certis conditioni-
bus observandis. Omnium fere suffragiis, uno vel al-
tero exceptis, denegatum est. Etiam a multo maxima
parte suffragatum est, ut nisi brevi libros Collegii, quos
penes se habet, Collegio reddat, sine mora libellus in
ibro Cancellarise exhiberetur nomine Collegii contra
eurn, de inquirendo ubi ubi sunt libri, cseteraque Col-
legii qualia-quantaque bona ejus fidei concredita, et ju-
ramento saltem se purgaret."
On the 1st February, 1680, Merrett applied to the
King's Bench for a mandamus, calling on the College to
show cause why he was not continued in his office ; why
his salary was in arrear ; and why he should not be re-
instated. To this, the College gave in a lengthy but
complete and conclusive return, to which Merrett (4th
June, 1681), rejoined in a bill of exceptions, which,
2G2 ROLL OF THE [l651
however, was not regarded by the Court, and judgment
was given in favour of the College. The documents
are too leng-thy for insertion here, but they may be seen
in Goodall's MS. already quoted.
On the 30th September, 1681, Dr. Merrett was ex-
pelled from his Fellowship."" The reasons and prece-
dents on which the College proceeded, are given at
length in the following paper, which I take from Good-
all's MS. p. 18 :—
" The reason of Dr. Merrett's expulsion : being de-
clared by the President of the College, Sir John Mickle-
thw^aite, non Socius, September 30, 1681.
'"' Dr. Merrett having four times (in a loyal manner)
been summoned by the beadle of the College to be pre-
sent at their public meetings, refused to come without
acquainting the President, Consiliarii, and Censors W' ith
the cause of his absence ; which contempt of his, being
contrary to the statutes of the College, and destructive
of the very being of the Society, as may appear by the
following statute — ' Quoniam autem complures legitime
a Prseside per Bedellum admoniti, Comitiis prsedictis
interesse vel negligunt vel aspernantur, quo fit, ut saepe
inviti fiunt conventus, reliquique Socii Prsesidis monitis
obtemperantes frustra negotia sua privata negligunt :
propterea statuimus et ordinamus ut si quis Socius prae-
dicto more admonitus, ad stata ComitiaMajoraaccedere
recusaverit, quaterque hoc pacto continue deliquerit,
nee interea temporis absentiae suae causam Prsesidi aut
Proprsesidi cum Consiliariis et Censoribus approbandum
reddiderit, alius (quamprimum commodum videbitur
Collegio) in ejusdem locum sufficiatur ' — it was, accord-
* " Quo tempore D^ Merrett e Collegio expellebatur, et non So-
cius a PraBside coram (sufeagiis rite collectis) pronunciatus est.
Quod per bedellum admonitus et accersitus ad stata Comitia Majora
accedere spernarit ; quaterque hoc pacto continuis vicibus ita deli-
querit, nee interea temporis absentiee suse causam Prsesidi aut Pro-
prsesidi cum Consiliariis et Censoribus approbandum reddiderit, ut
statuto de Comitiorum ratione obstringebatur. Vide caput septi-
mum de Comitiorum ratione, &c. Et istud actum fuit non sine ex-
emplis, ut e Collegii Anualibus liquet."
1G51] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 263
ingly, proposed by the President in a full College, upon
the 30th of September, 1681 (Dr. Merrett being there),
whether for this contempt of his in refusing to appear,
upon lawful summons, contrary to the express words of
the foremen tioned statute, he should not be declared
7ion Socius ; and upon a full debate of the whole Society
it was carried in the affirmative, and he, accordingly, at
the College table, in the face of the whole Society, was
declaredby the President non Socius, and so dismissed
the Society. We find in our Register books precedents
of the like nature ; as, in page 21, it is thus entered :
' Dr. Chamberlain is to be sent to by the President to
satisfy the College concerning his long absence, and to
give his answer on Wednesday se'nnight.' Page 25,
November 23, 1649, there is this entry : ' D'' Chamber-
lain et D'' Goddard sen'', decreto Collegii, uterque in
CoUegii Societate locum amisit.' Page 76, October,
1660 : 'In Comitiis Majoribus D"" Goddard sen*' postula-
vit sibi locum in Collegio restitui, quern jampridem
Collegarum sulfragiis amiserat, ita.que eo nomine, quod
per biennium peregre commoratus esset sine Prsesidis
venia. Res in ulteriorem consultationem dilata est.'
Page 77, 24 December, 1660; 'In Comitiis Majoribus,
expetuntur Sociorum prsesentium sententise, num D''
Goddard, sen', loco in Collegio, e quo jam pridem exul-
asset, restituendus videatur, itumque est omnium cal-
cuHs in contrarium. Ille tamen sedem denegatum in-
jussus occupat, illicoq. solvuntur Comitia.' Page 77,
February 26, 1660-1 : ' Actum est de negotio D"' God-
dard ante annos complusculos Socii hujus Collegii, — de
quo in Societatum nostram restituendo, cum mandatum
e suprema Curia accepissimus, consilium initum est, quid
responsi redderemus, visumque tandem est, rem totam
in causidicos referre.' " Thus far Goodall
Merrett now again appealed to the Court of King's
Bench, and obtained a mandamus, to which the College
made their return. Judgment was once more given in
favour of the College, and tlie power of expulsion from
the Fellowship was thus established.
264 ROLL or THE [1651
Dr. Merrett died at his house in Hatton-garden 19th
August, 1695, and was buried twelve feet deep, we are
told by Wood, in the church of St. Andrew's Holborn.
He was one of the original fellows of the Royal Society,
and contributed several papers to the " Philosophical
Transactions." He translated into Enghsh the "Ars
Vitriaria " of Neri, and published the following separate
works : —
Catalogus Librorum, Instrumentorum, &c. in Museo Harveiano.
4to. Lond. 1660.
Self- Conviction ; oi% an Enumeration of the Absurdities and Rail-
ings against the College of Physicians. 4to. Lond. 1670.
The Accomplished Physician, the Honest Apothecary, and the
Skilful Chirurgeon. 4to. Lond. 1670.
Some Observations concerning the Ordering of Urines. 8vo.
Lond. 1682.
A Collection of Acts of Parliaraent, Charters, Trials at Law, and
Judges' Opinions ; containing those Grants to the College of Phy-
sicians, London, taken from the Originals, Law-books, and Annals.
Commanded by Sir Edward Alston, Knt., President, and the Elects
and Cer.sors. Made by Christopher Merrett, Fellow and Censor.
4to. 1660.
This was the basis or exemplar of Dr. Goodall's
larger and well-known work on the same subject.
A Short "View of the Erauds and Abuses committed by Apothe-
caries in relation to Patients and Physicians. 4to. Lond. 1669.
Pin ax Rerum Naturalium Britannicarum, continens Vegetabilia,
Animalia, et Fossilia, in hac Insula reperta. 12mo. Lond. 1667.
Samuel Collins, M.D., was a son of Daniel CoUins,
sometime fellow of King's college, Cambridge, and vice
provost of Eton. Our physician was born at Tring in
Hertfordshire and educated at Eton. He was ad-
mitted a scholar of King's college, Cambridge, in 1634,
a fellow of that house, 1637. He proceeded A. B. 1638,
and on the 1st June, 1639, being then twenty- two
years of age, was entered on the physic line at Leyden.
He proceeded master of arts at Cambridge in 1642,
and, as such, was admitted a Licentiate of the College
of Physicians 5th August, 1644. On the 14th Octo-
ber, 1648, it was agreed that the examinations he had
passed for Licentiate should serve him for Candidate. He
1651] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 265
graduated M.D. at Cambridge 4th October, 1648, and
on the 27th July, 1649, was admitted a Candidate of the
College of Piiysicians, and a Fellow 25th June, 1651.
Dr. Collins was incorporated at Oxford, on his doctor's
degree, in May, 1650 ; and about that time was, by the
favour of the visitors, elected fellow of New college.
He settled in London, was appointed Censor in 1659,
1669, 1679; was Harveian orator in 1665, and again
in 1682, Gulstonian lecturer in 1675, and Registrar
from June 26, 1682, to his death, which occurred in
the summer (sub medium Junii writes D''. Middleton
Massey), of 1685. He was buried at Cowley, Middle-
sex, on the 11th June.'''
* This Samuel Collins, M.D., is not to be confounded as I, fol-
lowing Wood and other authorities, did in the former edition of
The Roll, with another Samuel Collins, M.D., who was for many
years physician to the Czar, and the author of a history of Russia.
He was the eldest son of Samuel Collins, vicar of Braintree, in
Essex, was admitted of Corpus Christi college, Cambridge, in 1635,
but took no degree in that university. He is supposed to have
graduated at Padua, and was incorporated at Oxford 5th May,
1659. He was for some years at Moscow, in the capacity of phy-
sician to the Czar. Of all the physicians who had then been known
in Russia, D"". Collins is reputed to have been, without exception,
the most celebrated. He accompanied the Imperial commissary
Grebdon to Moscow, who had been sent to Holland and other coun-
tries to procure celebrated men for the Czar's service. He prac-
tised eight years at the Iraperial court and received great honours
and rewards. Shortly after his return from Russia, he visited
France, and died at Paris 26th October, 1670, in the 51*' year of
his age. He is commemorated by the following inscription at
Braintree Church :
This grate was ordered to be set up by the last will and testa-
ment of Samuel Collins, late D''. in Physick, eldest son to M"'. Samuel
Collins, here under buryed, who served about eight years as principall
Physician to the Great Czar, or Emperor of Russia, and after his
returne from thence — taking a journey into France dyed at Paris,
Ocf. 26, 1670, being the 51^' year of his age.
Mors requies perigrinantibus.
The year after his death there appeared from his pen " The His-
tory of the Present State of Russia in a Letter to a Friend at
London : written by an Eminent Person residing at the Great
Czar's Court of Muscovy for the space of nine years. Illustrated
with many copper- plates." 8vo. Lond. 1671.
266 ROLL OF THE [1653
Richard Gibbons, M.D., was the second son of
Thomas Gibbons, of Westcliffe, co. Kent, who, having
purchased the manor and advowson of Kingston, Kent,
in 1647, of Sir Anthony Aucher, of Bishopsbourne,
settled it on our physician in the following year (1648).
Dr. Gibbons was a graduate of Padua, of 1645 ; in-
corporated at Oxford, 21st January, 1651-2 ; and was
admitted a Candidate of the College of Physicians 25th
June, 1652.
Henry Nisbett, M.D., was a doctor of medicine of
Padua ; and on the 31st January, 1643-4, was actually
created doctor of medicine at Oxford, by virtue of letters
from the chancellor of the university. He was ad-
mitted a Candidate of the College of Physicians 25th
June, 1652.
George Welstead, A.B. — A bachelor of arts, of
Cambridge (Trinity college), of 1641-2; was admitted
an Extra^Licentiate of the College of Physicians 25th
October, 1652„
William Mulsher, A.M., was admitted a pensioner
of Clare hall, Cambridge, 20 July, 1633, under M^ Oley,
and as a member of that house proceeded A.B. 1637—8,
A.M. 1641. He was admitted a Licentiate of the Col-
lege of Physicians, 22nd December, 1652 ; and died at
his house in Aldersgate-street, 15th December, 1654.
Francis Drury, a native of Sussex, apparently not
a graduate in arts or medicine, was admitted an Extra-
Licentiate of the College 25th February, 1652-3.
Bobert Savorie. — The character of his special licence,
if such it may be termed, will be best understood from
a transcript of the testimonial granted to him by the
President and Censors. It is recorded at full length
in the Annals : " Bee it known to all whom it may
concerne, y* the President and Censors of the Colledge
1G53] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 267
of Physicians, London, having had severall addresses
made unto them by Robert Savorie, and some questions
proposed unto and resolved by him, have thought fit
(by reason he may be useful to the Commonwealth) to
give him leave to practise with distracted people, and
in some other particular maladies then mentioned, he
promising to call to his assistance in difficult cases some
of the CoUedge, and behaving himself well in all. In
witnesse whereof, by appointment of the forementioned,
I have hereunto set my hand the 23 rd of March,
1652-3,"
Edmund Cooper, M.D., of Clare hall, Cambridge,
1650, was admitted a Candidate of the College of Phy-
sicians 4th April, 1653. On the 27th May, 1659, I
find the following note : " Dr. Cooper ultro professus
est, nolle se uJterius ambire Collegii societal em." Dr.
Cooper's admission at Clare hall 1st July, 1650, was
irregular. He was not adniitted of that college until
after he had taken his doctor's degree, and there is
nothing in the records at Clare hall to indicate to what
college or university Dr. Cooper had previously belonged.
It may be to none, for just at that time degrees were
very irregularly conferred, especially on noted Puritans
or men of interest with the parhament. Dr. Cooper
eventually diverted to the church and became the incum-
bent of Woodmancote, Sussex. In the parish Register
is the following note: "A.D. 1666 Edmund Cooper,
Dr. of Physic, parson of Woodmancote by the gift of
God and of Edward Lord Hyde, Lord High Chancellor
of England, and of Oxford, earl of Claringdon."'"'
Luke Ruoeley, M.D., of Christ's college, Cambridge,
A.B. 1634-5, A.M. 1638, M.D. 1646. He was admit-
ted a Candidate of the College of Physicians 2nd No-
vember, 1649, and a Fellow 24th September, 1653. His
death is thus recorded in the " Flying Post " of Sep-
* Palm's Stifford and its neighbourhood. 4to. Lond. 1871.
p. 162. Note.
268 ROLL OF THE [1653
tember 5th, 1697 : " Dr. Luke Rugeley, a very eminent
and famous physician, died at his house, in Bloomsbury-
square, the beginning of this week, in the 81st year of
his age, and has committed his choice secret of curing
sore eyes to a surgeon of this city, for whom he had
an entire affection."
Timothy Woodroffe. — A native of Oxfordshire, ad-
mitted an Extra-Licentiate of the College of Physicians
3rd December, 1653. He was, as I gather from Wood,
sometime of Magdalene college, Oxford, and subse-
quently practised physic at St. Alban's, Hertfordshire.
Francis Brock, M.D., was admitted a pensioner of
Emmanuel college, Cambridge, 19th March, 1637-8,
and, as a member of that house, graduated A.B. 1641-2.
Beinovingto Peterhouse, he proceeded A.M. 1645, M.D.
1653, and was admitted a Candidate of the College
of Physicians, 22nd December, 1653. He died, accord-
ing to Smith's Obituary, p. 56, about the 15th Sep-
tember, 1662.
Gregory Walker, A.M., was born in Nottingham-
shire, and admitted at Corpus Christi college, Cam-
bridge, in July, 1632. He proceeded A.B. 1635-6, and
removed to Jesus college, as a member of which he
commenced A.M. in 1639. He was elected a fellow of
Jesus college in 1642, and was admitted an Extra-Licen-
tiate of the College of Physicians 22nd December, 1653.
John Wiley, M.D., was a bachelor of medicine of
Cambridge, of 1638, but proceeded doctor of medicine
at Oxford, as a member of Merton college, 16th No-
vember, 1646. He was admitted a Candidate of the
College of Physicians 22nd June, 1650, and a Fellow
1st March, 1653-4.
Will [AM Whitaker, M.D., was a doctor of medi-
,cine of Franeker, incorporated at Oxford 13th June,
£ I
1654] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 269
1653. He was admitted a Candidate of the College of
Physicians 26th June, 1654. " He was/' says Wood,
*' for several years in good repute for his learning in the
parish of St. Andrew, Holborn, but died in the parish
of St. Clement's Danes in the month of December, or
beginning of January, 1670." He was the author of —
The Tree of Life, or the Blood of the Grape. 8vo. London,
John Wyberd, M.D. — Wood informs us that he was
the son of Walter Wyberd, of Tackley, co. Essex ; that
he became a commoner of Pembroke college, Oxford, in
1638, but left it when the troubles began in England.
We know that he then travelled on the continent, that
he was entered on the medical line at Leyden 20th Oc-
tober, 1642, being then twenty-four years of age, and that
he took the degree of doctor of medicine at Franeker in
July, 1644. He was incorporated at Oxford, on his
doctor's degree, 26th May, 1654, and was admitted a
Candidate of the College of Physicians (his examina-
tions having been passed shortly before his incorporation)
on the 26th June, 1654. Wood represents him as well
versed in some parts of geometry, and as the author of
Tactometria, or Tetagmenometria, or the Geometry of Regulars
practically proposed. 8vo. London.
Abnee, Coo, M.D., was admitted a pensioner of
Trinity college, Cambridge, in July, 1623, and, as a
member of that house, proceeded A.B. 1626-7, A.M.
1630. He had a licence to practise from the univer-
sity in 1632, shortly after which he graduated doctor
of medicine at Pheims. He was incorporated at Cam-
bridge on his doctor's degree in 1645, and was admitted
a Licentiate of the College of Physicians 26th June,
1654.
Thomas Gifford, M.D., was born in London 20th
January, 1609-10, and graduated doctor of medicine
at Leyden in May, 1636. He was incorporated at Ox-
ford 20th May, 1642, and was admitted a Candidate of
the College of Physicians 30th September, 1654. He
270 ROLL OF THE [lG54
died in 1669, and was buried in the church of Sutton-
at-Hone, co. Kent, where the following memorial of him
yet remains : —
Hie jacet
Thomas Gifford, in medicinis doctor:
qui nomnt eum non potuerunt satis sestimare,
qui non sestimarunt nunquam satis cognoverunt.
Natus 20 die Januarii, 1609 ;
sepultus 5*° die Octobris, 1669.
William Saintbarb, M.D. — A doctor of medicine
of Caen in Normandy, was admitted a Licentiate of the
College of Physicians 30th September, 1654. He was
dead on the 30th September, 1659, when the College
voted 51. for his children who had been left in poverfcy.
Sir William Petty, M.D., was the son of Anthony
Petty, a clothier, of Romsey, in Hampshire, where he was
born 16th May, 1623. He was educated at the gram-
mar-school of his native town, and whilst there acquired
a competent knowledge of Greek, Latin, and French, as
well as of those subjects in which he afterwards excelled,
and upon which his reputation rests, namely, arithmetic,
practical geometry, dialling, and the astronomical part
of naviofation. At the ao^e of fifteen he was removed
to the university of Caen, in Normandy, and, after some
stay there, returned to England and entered the navy,
but in what capacity is unknown. He did not long re-
main in that service, and> turning his attention to medi-
cine, pursued its study successively at Leyden, Utrecht,
Amsterdam, and Paris. He went to Oxford in 1648,
and was constituted deputy or assistant to Dr. Thomas
Clayton, the professor of anatomy in that university.
Soon afterwards, on a parliamentary recommendation,
he was put into a fellowship of Brasenose college, and
on the 7th March, 1649, was actually created doctor of
medicine, by virtue of a dispensation from the delegates
of the university, who, says Wood, received sufficient
testimonv of his rare qualities and gifts from Lieut. -Col.
Kelsey, the deputy-governor of Oxford garrison.
1G55] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 271
Dr. Petty was admitted a Candidate of the College
of Physicians 25th June, 1650 ; and in the same year,
being then resident at Oxford, was mainly instrumental
in the recovery of Ann Green, who had been hanged in
that city for the supposed murder of her child. On the
1st January, 1650-1, he succeeded his friend, Dr. Clay-
ton, as anatomy professor at Oxford ; and on the 7th of the
following month (February), was, by the interest of Cap-
tain John Graunt, elected professor of music in Gresham
college. In 1 652 he was appointed physician to the army
in Ireland, and was physician to three successive viceroys,
— Lambert, Fleetwood, and Henry Cromwell. On the
14th July, 1655, he was elected a Fellow of the College,
but being away from England, was not actually admitted
until the 25th June, 1658. In January, 1658, he was
elected a member for West Looe, in Cornwall, to serve
in the parliament called by Pichard Cromwell. On the
dissolution of this parliament shortly afterwards. Dr.
Petty went again to Ireland, but returned to England
at the Restoration, was presented to the King, and
knighted by him 11th April, 1661,
Sir William Petty was one of the earliest members of
the Royal Society, and was nominated on its first council.
His studies and labours were directed to science and
political economy rather than to physic, the practice
of which he seems to have relinquished when he left
Ireland shortly after the Restoration. His life aifords
but few incidents of a medical character, and may there-
fore be dismissed briefly in this volume. Those who de-
sire particulars of his celebrated survey of Ireland, of
his inventions, and numerous writings, will find a suc-
cinct account in Wood's Athense Oxon. vol. ii. p. 609.
Sir William Petty died of gangrene of the foot super-
vening on gout, at his house in Piccadilly, 1 6th Decem-
ber, 1687, aged 65, and was buried in the parish church
of Romsey, close by his father and mother. Over his
grave was laid a flat stone, with this short inscription,
cut by an illiterate workman : —
" Here layes Sir William Petty."
272 ROLL OF THE [lG5G
" Sir William Petty," says Wood, " was a person of an
admirable inventive head, of a prodigious working wit,
and of so great worth and learning that he was both
fit for, and an honour to, the highest preferment ! "
His portrait by J. Closterman was engraved by J.
Smith.
Christopher Terne, M.D., was born in Cambridge-
shire, and on the 22nd July, 1647, being then twenty-
seven years of age, was inscribed on the physic line at
Leyden, where he graduated doctor of medicine. He was
incorporated at Cambridge 1st May, 1650, and likewise
at Oxford the same month, was admitted a Candidate
of the College of Physicians 26th September, 1650, and
a Fellow 15th November, 1655. He w^as lecturer on
anatomy at Surgeon 's-h all, and assistant-physician to St.
Bartholomew's hospital, but the date of his election to
these offices I have not been able to discover. He certainly
resigned his appointment at the hospital in the early
part of 1669, Dr. Dacres being appointed, 24th March,
assistant to Dr. Micklethwaite in his place. Dr. Terne
was one of the original fellows of the Poyal Society ;
he resided in Lime-street, City, and died there on the
1st December, 1673.
William Jackson, M.D., was admitted an Extra-
Licentiate of the College of Physicians 22nd December,
1655. He had been educated at University college,
Oxford ; and on the 9th May, 1661, was actually cre-
ated doctor of medicine in that university by virtue of
the king's letters, wdiich stated that his father was D.D.
and sequestered in the late rebellion from about SOOl.
per annum ; that this William was in the old king's
service at Colchester, and in the service of this king.
Moreover, that his near kinsman Colonel Robert Levinz
suffered and was executed by the bloody rebels.^'
Benjamin Pickering, A.B. — A native of Sussex,
* Wood's Fasti Oxon. vol. ii. p. 824.
] (J56j ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 273
and a bachelor of arts of Oxford, was admitted an
Extra-Licentiate of the College 20th May, 1656.
Thomas Clarke, A.B. — A bachelor of arts of Oxford,
was admitted an Extra-Licentiate of the College 19th
June, 1656.
William Ringall, M.D., of Cains college, Cam-
bridge, A.B. 1635-6, A.M. 1639, M.D. 1646 ; was ad-
mitted a Candidate of the College of Physicians 24th
March, 1650-1, and a Fellow 25th June, 1656.
James Windet, M.D. — A doctor of medicine of Ley-
den, of 26th June, 1655, incorporated at Oxford 27th
March, 1656, was admitted a Candidate of the College
of Physicians 25th June, 1656. Wood speaks of him
as " a good Latin poet, a most excellent linguist, a great
rabbi, a curious critick, and rather shaped for the
faculty of divinity than for that faculty he professed."
Dr. Windet resided at Yarmouth, and was the friend
and correspondent of Sir Thomas Brownes^M.D., of
Norwich. " His letters," says Wilkin s, in his Life of
Browne, " are most tedious and pedantic ; written in
Latin, profusely ornamented with Greek, and even
Arabic, but utterly destitute of interest." " He has
extant under his name," continues Wood —
" Acl Majestatem Caroli II' Sylvse du£e." 4to.
De Vita functorum statu, ex Hebrseoruin atque GrEecorum com-
paratis sententiis concinnatus, cum Corollario de Tartaro Apost:
Petri in quern prsevaricatores Angelos dejectos memorat. 4to. Lond.
1663;
and other things which 1 have not yet seen, among
which is the Epist. Dedic. to the most ingenious John
Hall of Durham, set before an edition of Stierius's Phi-
losophy, printed and published by Boger Daniel, printer
to the university of Cambridge, who, having a great
respect for the said Mr. Hall, got Dr. Windet to write
itj whicli being done, Mr. Daniel set his own name to
it, purposing to do honour to that young Gent, of great
vol. I. T
274 ROLL OF THE [1656
and wonderful hopes," Dr. Windet died in Milk-street,
London, 20th November, 1664, and left behind him, at his
death, a quarto MS. containing many of his Latin poems,
which at this day, says Wood, " go from hand to hand,
having been exposed to sale in one or more auctions."'"'
Robert Crawley. — An undergraduate of Trinity
hall, Cambridge, and a practitioner at Luton, Bedford-
shire, was admitted an Extra- Licentiate of the College
of Physicians 11th July, 1656,
William Conyers, M.D., was born 8th March, 1622,
and received his preliminary education at Merchant
Taylors' school, which he left in 1639, when he was
elected a probationer fellow of St. John's college, Ox-
ford. He proceeded doctor of medicine at Oxford, as a
member of St. John's, 6th July, 1653, and was ad-
mitted a Candidate of the College of Physicians 11th
September, 1656. Dr. Conyers was one of the few
physicians who remained in London during the great
plague, devoted himself to the duties of his position
and the succour of the sufferers from that disease, to
which he himself fell a sacrifice.t
George Beare, M.D. — A native of Devonshire,
educated at Exeter college, Oxford, but a doctor of
medicine of Padua of 31st October, 1652, incorporated
at Oxford 18th January, 1655-6, was admitted a Can-
didate of the College of Physicians 11th September,
1656. He practised for a time at Exeter, but then
removed to Barnstaple, where he probably died.
Thomas Browne, M.D., was educated at St. John's
college, Oxford, but took the degree of doctor of medi-
cine at Padua 15th September, 1654. He was incor-
porated on that degree at Oxford 3rd June, 1656 ;
was examined, approved, and on the 11th September,
* Fasti Oxon, vol. ii, p. 790.
t ITodere's Loimolosria.
I
1657] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 275
1656, elected a Candidate of the College of Physicians ;
but then spontaneously declaring himself a member of
the church of Rome, was found to be inadmissible. A
testimonial from the Registrar was granted to him the
5th December, 1656: "Dr. Thomas Browne petiit
Collegii sigillum Uteris suis testimonialibus affigi ; ve-
rum id illi negatum est ; saacitumque porrb, literas
illi concessas ceu privatam Registarii relationem, non
autem ut publicum Collegii testimonium habendas
esse.
Francis Barks dale, M.D., was the son of John
Barksdale, of Newbury, co. Berks, esqr., and on the
11th October, 1633, being then fifteen years of age,
was matriculated at Masfdalen hall, Oxford. He was
appointed fellow of Magdalen college, Oxford, by the
Parliamentary Commissioners, 10th October, 1648, was
bursar 1649 ; vice president 1650.'" He resigned his
fellowship in 1653. On the 8th June, 1649, he was
admitted doctor of medicine in that university by the
favour of Fairfax the general, and Cromwell the lieu-
tenant-general, lately at Oxford, but with this con-
dition, " that he perform all exercises requisite for the
said degree, within a year after his admission.*' He
was admitted a Candidate of the College of Physicians
11th September, 1656.
Theophilus Garencieres, M.D.— a Parisian by
birth, and a doctor of medicine of Caen, in Normandy,
of 27th October, 1634, was examined at the College of
Physicians, for Licentiate, in December, January, and
February, but was really admitted a Candidate on the
23rd March, 1656-7, having been incorporated at Ox-
ford on the 10th of March. Wood, recording his in-
corporation writes thus : " The most famous and learned
Theophilus de Garencieres, of Paris, made doctor of
physick at Caen, in Normandy, twenty years before this
time, was then (March 10th, 1656-7), incorporated
* Information from the Rev. J. R. Bloxam, D.D.
T 2
276 KOLL OF THE [1657
here, not only upon sight of his testimonial letters
(which abundantly speak of his worth) subscribed by
the king of France his ambassador in England, to whom
he was domestic physician, but upon sufficient know-
ledge had of his great merits, his late relinquishing the
Eoman church, and zeal for that of the Reformed.'*
" This person," adds Wood, " who was one of the College
of Physicians at London, hath written —
Angliae Flagellum, seu Tabes Anglica. 24mo. Lond. 1647.
The Admirable Vertues and Wonderful Effects of the true and
genuine Tincture of Coral in Phjsick ; grounded by reason, esta-
blished by experience, and confirmed by authentical authors in all
ages. 8vo. London. 1676.
" He translated into English —
The true Prophecies or Prognostications of Mich. Nostradamus,
Physician to Henry II., Francis II., and Charles IX., Kings of
France, &c. Lond. Folio. 1672.
" Dr. Garencieres died poor and in an obscure con-
dition in Covent garden, occasioned by the unworthy
dealings of a certain knight, which in a manner broke
his heart, but the particular time when I cannot tell."'^'"
He was also the author of —
A Mite cast into the treasury of the famous city of London, being
a brief and methodical discourse concerning the nature of the
Plague. 4to. Lond. 1665.
A portrait of Dr. Garencieres, sitting at a table, by
W. Dolle, is extant. On the print is this distich : —
" Grallia quern genuit, retinetque Brittanica Tellus
" Calluit Hermetis quicquid in arte fuit."
Philip Buoom, A.M. — A master of arts of Cam-
bridge of 1639, was admitted a Licentiate of tlie Col-
lege 4th May, 1657.
William Austen, A.B. — A bachelor of arts of Ox-
ford, practising physic at Cranbrook, Kent ; was ad-
mitted an Extra-Licentiate of the College in May,
1657.
* Wood's Fasti Oxon, vol. ii, p. 791.
1657] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 277
Sir John Baber, M.D., was the son of John Baber,
of the city of Wells, esqinre, and was educated at St.
Peter's, Westminster. Elected tlience in 1642 a stu-
dent of Christchurch, Oxford, he was ejected from his
studentship by the parliamentary visitors, but upon let-
ters from Colonel John Lambert, then crovernor of Ox-
ford for the parliament, was admitted bachelor of medi-
cine 3rd December, 1646. He then travelled on the con-
tinent ; on the 16th June, 1648 being then twenty-eight
years of age, was entered on the physic line at Ley den,
took the degree of M.D. at Angers, 10th November,
1648, and was incorporated thereon at Oxford 18th July,
1650. Dr. Baber was admitted a Candidate of the
College of Physicians 4th July, 1651, and a Fellow
17th August, 1657. He resided in (^/'ovent garden ;
was Censor in 1660, became physician in ordinary to
King Charles II, and was knighted by him 19th
March, 1660. He died in 1703-4, aged 79.
John Hales, M.D. —A Londoner born, was edu-
cated at Christ's college, Cambridge, where he gra-
duated A.B. 1623-4, A.M. 1627. He took his degree
of doctor of medicine at Padua ; was incorporated at
Cambridge in 1651 ; and was admitted a Candidate of
the College of Physicians 22nd December, 1651, and a
Fellow 1st October, 1657. He wap, incorporated at
the sister university of Oxford, 14th July, 1663. Dr.
Hales was dead 22nd December, 1676, on which day
his widow applied to the College for pecuniary relief,
and received five pounds.
Sir Edward Greaves, Bart., M.D., was the young-
est son of John Greaves, rector of Colmore, near Al-
resford, in Hampshire, but was born at Croydon, and
admitted probationer fellow of All Souls college, Ox-
ford, in 1634. Entering on the study of physic, he
proceeded M.B. 18th July, 1640, and M.D. 8th July,
1641. In the following year he passed over to Ley-
den for further improvement in physic. He practised
278
ROLL OF THE
[16
0/
for some years at Oxford, and on the 14th November,
1643, was appomted Lmacre's superior reader of physic.
He is behoved to have been created a baronet by king
Charles I at Oxford 4th May, 1645. Soon after this
he became one of two travelling physicians to Charles
II, Dr. Charleton being the other. When the king's
cause declined, he removed to London, practised his
faculty there and sometimes at Bath, and was admitted
a Candidate of the College of Physicians 4th April,
1653, and a Fellow 1st October, 1657. He delivered
the Harveian oration in 1661, and was one of the phy-
sicians in ordinary to king Charles II. Wood speaks
of him as " a pretended baronet." I am disposed to
believe, despite Wood's sneer, that he was really en-
titled to that dignity, I find him so characteiized in
the Annals : he styles himself baronet on the title-
page of his Harveian oration, the imprimatur of which
is signed by Sir Edward Alston, eq. aur., President,
by Sir George Ent, eq. aur., and by the other three Cen-
sors. Further Thomas Guidott, M.B., of Bath, writing
of him in 1676, says "he is full of honour, wealth, and
years, being a baronet, a Fellow of the College of Phy-
sicians in London, and physician in ordinary to his
Majesty ;" and in the official list of the fellows of the
College prefixed to the Pharmacopoeia Londinensis of
1677 his baronetcy is acknowledged, and he appears as
Edvardus Greaves, Baronettus. The point is of some
interest, as this is the first instance of an English phy-
sician being honoured with an hereditary title.'"
* In the pedigree of his family, as given in Nash's Worcester-
shire, Tol. i, p. 198, I see him styled " Physician to Charles II,
created a Baronet 1645, died 1680 ;" and in a foot note : " This Sir
Edward Graves, Bart., is omitted in all the printed lists of Baro-
nets, except in the 6th edition of Gnillim's Heraldry, part ii, chap-
ter xix, p. 99, col. i. ed. London, where he is made to be the 4.50th
Baronet from the first institution, and placed between William de
Boreel of Amsterdam, and George Carteret of Jersey. Indeed,
Anthony a Wood, in the account of his life, vol. ii, p. 500, saj's he
was a pretended Baronet ; but Dr. Thomas Smith, who compiled
his elder brother John Graves's .(Savilian Professor of Astronomy,
Oxford) life in elegant Latin, and mentions all his brothers, to-
1657] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 279
He was the author of
Morbus Epidemicus Au. 1643 ; or, the New disease, with Signs,
C-auses, Remedies, &c. 4to. Oxon. 1643.
Sir Edward. Greaves died at his house in Coveiit
garden 11th November, 1680, and was buried in his
own parish church (St. Pauls).
Thomas Prujean, M.D., was the only son of Sir
Francis Prujean, M.D., a most distinguished Fellow of
our College, by his first wife, Margaret Leggatt. He
was born in London, and educated at Caius college,
Cambridge, but left the university without taking any
degree. He graduated doctor of medicine at Franeker,
and was incorporated thereon at Cambridge in 1649.
He was admitted a Candidate of the College of Physi-
cians by his father, then President, 4th April, 1653,
and on that day presented to the College a valuable
collection of surgical instruments.'"' He was admitted
a Fellow of the College 23rd October, 1657, and dying
in October, 1662, was buried on the 15th of that
month in the family vault at Hornchurch, co. Essex.
He left two sons. There is a fine portrait of Dr.
Thomas Prujean at St. Thomas's hospital.
He was the author of
Amorata. I'imo. Lond. 1644.
wards the end thereof gives a different account of his promotion to
that honour. Besides, the original patent of creation is said to be
in the family of one Mr. Calfe, of St. Leonard's Forest, in Sussex,
who married one of his daughters. I have seen a letter from Mr.
Le Neve, Norroy King-of-arms, wherein he says that, as Sir Ed-
ward Graves's patent was dated at Oxford, 4th May, 1645, he was
apt to think there was no enrolment thereof, which was the case of
several persons of honour passed about that time, the rolls being
taken into the possession of the parliament. Or, if the patent had
not been seen, he should have thought he had only a ■warrant to be
Baronet, as is the case of the great Courtney of the West."
* 1653, Apr. iv. " D™' Prujean, junior, Collegium donat organo-
theca chirurgica." This curious and probably unique collection of
surgical instruments was lent to the International Exhibition of
1873, and attracted much notice.
280 ROLL OF THE [1658
Thomas Croydon, M.D., was educated at West-
minster, whence he was elected, in 1631, to Trinity
college, Cambridge, of which he eventually became a
fellow. He proceeded A.B. 1635-6, A.M. 1639; was
ejected from his fellowship, when, betaking himself to
Padua, he there proceeded doctor of medicine 30th
October, 1648. He was incorporated at Oxford 6th
December, 1652 ; was admitted a Candidate of- the Col-
lege of Physicians 4th April, 1653 ; and a Fellow 22nd
December, 1657. He was Censor in 1664, 1665, 1668,
1670, 1672.
Thomas Margetson, M.D., was the son of James
Margetson. of the county of York ; and vv^as admitted
a student of Trinity college, Dublin, 5th May, 1647.
He removed to Oxford towards the end of 1650 ; en-
tered at St. Mary hall, and as a member thereof took
the two degrees in arts. He took the degree of bache-
lor of medicine at Montpellier, 10th March, 1656-7,
and eight days later proceeded doctor of medicine in
the university of Orange. He was incorporated at
Oxford, on his doctor's degree, 14th January, 1657-8,
and was admitted a Candidate of the College of Phy-
sicians 5th April, 1658.
George Joyliffe, M.D., was born at East Stower,
in Dorsetshire. In the early part of 1637 he was en-
tered a commoner of Wadham college, Oxford, where
he remained about two years, and then removed to
Pembroke college, as a member of which he took the
two degrees in arts, A.B. 4th June, 1640; A.M. 20th
April, 1643, being about that time a lieutenant for the
king under Ralph Lord Hopton. He then entered on
the study of physic, pursued anatomy with the utmost
diligence, and, " with the help " (as Wood says) " of
Dr. Clayton, master of his college, and the king's pro-
fessor of physick, made some discovery of that fourth
set of vessels, plainly differing from veins, arteries, and
nerves, now called the lymphatics." Of Dr. Clayton's
part in the matter nothing is known ; and Joyliffe, it is
I
I
1658] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 281
admitted, at most but shares the merit of discovery with
two eminent foreign anatomists. It would seem that
the lymphatic vessels were observed at about the same
period (1051 and 1652), and so far as can now be esta-
blished, wholly independently of one another, — by Rud-
beck, a Swede ; by Bartholine, a Dane ; and by our
own Dr. Joyliffe. Rudbeck saw them first in a dog in
January, 1651, and published an account of his obser-
vations in 1653. Bartholine saw them for the first
time, also, in a dog, in December, 1651, and published
about them in 1653. As to Dr. Joyliffe, he, while
examining the spermatic vessels, accidentally observed
the lymphatics, and on the occasion of his going to
Cambridge in the early part of 1652 for his doctor's
degree, before either Rudbeck or Bartholine had made
their discovery public, mentioned his to Dr. Glisson,
then regius professor of physic in that university, one
of the most accurate of anatomists and a most compe-
tent observer. Dr. Joylifte did not publish anything
on the subject, or take any steps to make his obser-
vations known ; but Glisson, in his work " de Hepate,"
which appeared in 1654, gave an account'" of Joyliffe's
discovery, about whicli Dr. Timothy Clark wrote at
some length in the Philosophical Transactions of 1668.t
Having proceeded doctor of medicine at Cambridge in
1652 as a member of Clare hall, Dr. Joyliffe settled in
London ; was admitted a Ca,ndidate of the College of
Physicians 4th April, 1653 ; and a Fellow 25th June,
1658. Dr. Joyliffe lived in Garlick hill ; and, as I learn
from Hamey, died 11th November, 1658, being then
barely forty years of age.
The Marquis of Dorchester, — The following ac-
count of this distinguished nobleman, and liberal bene-
factor of our College, I copy verbatim from a MS. of
Dr. Goodairs, in the College library : —
* Cap. xxxi.
t Thomson's History of the Royal Society, p. 108. ElJiotson's
Human Physiology. 5th edit. 8vo. Lond. 1840, p. 142.
282 ROLL OF THE [1658
" Henvy, lord marquis of Dorchester, earl of Kiiig-
ston-upon-Hull, and viscount Newark, was born at
Maunsfield, in the county of Nottingham, in the month
of March, 1606. His father was Robert Pierrepoint, of
Holme Pierrepoint, esquire, the ancient seat of that
most ancient family, who was created viscount Newark
and earl of Kingston by King Charles I. anno 1633.
His mother was Gertrude Talbot, of the noble house of
Shrewsbury ; and had she been male, had borne herself
that title. From his youth he was always much ad-
dicted to books ; and when he came from Cambridge,
where he was some time of Emanuel college, for many
years he seldom studied less than ten or twelve hours
every day ; so that he had early passed through all
manner of learning, both divine and human, — as the
fathers, councils, schoolmen, casuists, the civil law,
canon law, and was remarkably well-versed in common
law. He had read the whole body of philosophy, mathe-
matics, and physics, which last two sciences took up
many of his latter years. About the year 1656, after
he had for some years, with great application, studied
physic and anatomy, he was desired by the great Dr.
Harvey and some others of that learned body, to honour
the College of Physicians by being a Member thereof,
which he readily embraced, and made a Latin oration to
them in the hall of their College, in praise of that noble
study, and that many princes and great men had highly
esteemed and made profession of it — that for his part he
took it for the greatest honour, next to that conferred
upon him by his late Majesty, to be ranked among them,
— which esteem he continued for that learned body to
his last end ; for he has often been heard to say that he
did believe them to be the learnedest of any in the world
of their profession ; and, as a testimony of his value for
them, he left them perhaps the best library for physics,
mathematics, civil law, and philology in any private
hand in this nation, for a choice collection of books, to
the value of above 4,000/. which he would have given
them the possessior of in his lifetime, and so declared
1658] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 283
to some of the members of that body, if they had then
had a place fit for the orderly disposing of them. He
was earnestly solicited to bestow them npon a college in
Oxford, but he considered that university was sufficiently
stored with books of all kinds, and that this learned
society had lost their library in the dreadful fire of
London, and therefDre he fixed his resolution unalterably
here.
" He was all along most faithful to the Crown, and in
the beginning of the unhappy differences he made divers
speeches in defence of the bishops in the Lords' house
(where he sat as viscount Newark, being called by the
king's especial writ), showing the antiquity and venera-
tion of that order, and that it had been constantly main-
tained in the Christian church ever since the Apostles'
time. In his late Majesty's time he was made a pri\y
councillor at Oxford, and in the year 1645 was created
marquis of Dorchester. Li the year 1G46, when the
rebels were marching to besiege that garrison, being the
head-quarters and constant residence of his late Majesty,
it was debated in council how his Majesty should dis-
pose of himself for his security ; and after divers other
opinions of the council, some for his Majesty's going to
one place, and some to another, this great and wise lord
gave his advice to this effect : ' Sire, I will not advise
your Majesty to any place ; you knov/ best where you
may with safety trust your sacred person ; but this, Sire,
I do advise and beseech, that wheresoever you dispose
of yourself you keep yourself at liberty and free from
restraint, for so long you will never want friends that
will continue loyal unto you ; but if you once lose your
liberty you will be in danger of losing your life, for a
king once made a prisoner is civilly dead.' Within a
few days after this, in April, his Majesty left the city
and retired to the Scottish army, then before Newark ;
and on the last day of this month (which was not above
a week after his Majesty was withdrawn), the rebel
army drew round about it, and closely besieged the
garrison ; when, after about a month's time, it was con-
284 ROLL OF THE [l658
sidered by the council what was to be done, his Majesty
havincr written to them and left the consideration of that
weighty affair wholly to thero, with this intimation, that
he would not have them, nor the soldiers and his loyal
subjects of that garrison, run any unnecessary hazards
in withstanding the enemy, M'hen there was no hopes of
relief. Then did this lord declare his opinion, that he
was for holding that place out to the last man. This,
being publicly known, got him a wonderful reputation
amongst all the officers and soldiers of the garrison, and
the then governor, the brave Sir Thomas Glenham, told
him, that if the rest of the council had been of that
opinion, he would not have suffered the rebels to have
thrown up a shovelful of earth within cannon-shot of the
town ; but he was under the direction of his Majesty's
council, and there was bub one more who concurred in
opinion with this noble lord — they saw all else was lost,
and thought it in vain to run any future hazards, but
surrendered upon articles the Midsummer following,
1646.
'* From Oxford he went into Nottinghamshire, to
take possession of a noble inheritance left him by his
father, the earl of Kingston (slain in the year 1643, in
his Majesty's service near Gainsborough), the greatest
part whereof had been in the enemy's possession from
his father's death until the surrender of Oxford, the
articles thereof admitting all persons of that garrison
to compound for their estates within six months next
following ; and, accordingly, at the utmost point of
time limited, he made his composition, which was set
at 10,000^. This being done, which took him not above
twelve or fourteen days in London, he returned again
into Nottinghamshire, where he continued constantly
at Worksop Manor, a noble seat of the now duke of
Norfolk, then lent to him by the most noble earl of
Anmdel, his great and most intimate friend and rela-
tion (two of his own seats having been ruined by the
rebels), where he constantly remained following his
studies till near about Michaelmas, 1648, when, some
1658] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PH YSICI AJS! S. 285
occasions drawing him to town, he had not been there
above a month when a rumour was spread of bringing
his sacred Majesty up from Windsor to his trial. Upon
this juncture, his grace the then duke of Richmond
came to make him a visit, and to understand what the
marquis's opinion was of that proceeding, first telhng
him it was most certain they would bring his Majesty
to a formal trial. His answer was this : ' Sir, I dread
the consequences of this proceeding ; these men durst
not go so far but with intent to go further. You have
heard, sir, of the saying of Alexander Farnese, prince
of Parma, relating to the duke of Guise and the League
in France, that whoever draws his sword against his
prince, must throw away the scabbard ; and if they
bring our master to his trial they will condemn him ;
and if they condemn him, they will murder him.' The
duke of Richmond was strangely surprised at this opi-
nion, and said it was not possible they could proceed
to that degree of cruelty, but that they would only
show their power what they could do, thereby to drive
on some designs they then had, and for the obtaining
of these ends. Whereupon the marquis replied, ' I be-
seech your grace remember my humble duty to his
Majesty ; I will heartily pray for him, which is all the
service I can now do for him, for I much fear I shall
never see him again ; I will presently get me out of
town, and will not be here in that fatal time.' Which
accordingly he did within a few days retire into the
country, where the next news he heard was the trial,
sentence, and martyrdom of his sacred Majesty ; which,
though he received with horror and amazement inex-
pressible, yet he said, * I much feared they would bring
it to this. They have gone beyond all example, and it
is a barbarism not to be paralleled in any liistory of the
world ; for subjects to bring their prince to a formal trial,
to condemn him, and cut off his head before his own
palace at noonday, and in the face of the sun, was never
yet done in the Christian world.' Upon occasion of
which he would often reflect upon that inhospitable act
'2S6 ROLL OP THE [1658
of queen Elizabeth towards Mary, queen of Scots, which
lie would usually say sullied all the glory of her reign ;
and that this horrid manner of proceeding was copied
from that — as well as the rebellion in England from
that in Scotland — but in all circumstances it far out-
went the original ; ' for,' said he, ' they would never have
dared to have washed their hands in the blood of their
king, if the like had not been done before in the blood
of that sovereign princess,' After this fatal catastrophe,
he found there Avould be no living for him in the coun-
try ; for whilst his Majesty was alive, there was some
respect had towards the nobility ; but now every me-
chanic thought himself as good as the greatest peer.
This caused him to remove to London in November,
1649 ; when, very shortly after, he found himself in an
ill habit of body, caused, as he conceived, by a long
sedentary course of life, and trouble of mind for what
had so lately happened, and the condition the nation
was in. This distemper, at the age of forty-three, put
him upon the study of physic, as soon as he was reco-
vered thereof by the learned Dr. Harvey, Sir Francis
Prujean, Sir Charles Scarborough, and others, who in
a short time brought him to a good state of health
again ; after which he was as curious to preserve it,
abating the violent inclination to his books, continuing
healthful ever after until the time of his death. Though
he fell to this study late, yet no man ever began upon
a better foundation ; for, as I have said, he had gone
through the whole body of all other learning, and was
a very great philosopher ; but now that he was fallen
to the study of physick he pursued it with the greatest
application.
"In September, 1652, he married the lady Kathe-
rine Stanley, second daughter of the noble and most
loyal William, earl of Derby, who, the year before, was
beheaded at Bolton, in Lancashire, for his constancy in
performing his duty to his late Majesty all along in the
first rebellion, and to his present Majesty at Worcester,
near unto which place he was taken prisoner; and
1658] "ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 287
though all endeavours were used by his lady and chil-
dren for the saving of his life, yet nothing would atone
for the loyalty but his head. This alliance of the mar-
quis with a family so great in all respects, rendered
him still more obnoxious to the usurping power, who
now bore hard upon him, insomuch as, on the break-
ing up of the Long Parliament shortly after, and the
coming out of the instrument of government at that
time, they took notice therein of malignant families
(for so they were pleased to term them) matching into
one another, which dart was directly thrown at the
marquis ; but he was full of apprehensions from that
party, and he demeaned himself so that they could lay
no hold on. him. Some time before this there was an
order of the usurping power, that all letters patent for
creating any nobleman after his Majesty left London
should be brought into the Chancery, there to be can-
celled, unless the parties came in and made oath before
a master by such a day, that they could not come to
them, and knew not where they ^v^ere. This put him
to a great plunge ; for, to part with that mark of
honour his Majesty had been so graciously pleased to
bestow upon him, he resolved never to do ; and the
other he could not do. So in this dilemma he found
this expedient. There was one of the masters at that
time he had some knowledge of, and told him he knew
not where his patent was, but was not willing to make
oath, it not being the custom for men of honour to
swear in Chancery, but only to deliver things upon
their honour : and desired him to certify, as though he
had sworn, for which he would give him a good gra-
tuity. The master made very shy of it ; he could not
possibly do it ; he was upon his oath, and a great deal
of that nature. The marquis left him for that time,
and within three or four days sent his secretary to
him. He was still in the same mmd ; it could be
done, but with the hazard of losing his place. The
gentleman then told him there was such a one would
do it for 50/. in gold. ' Will he ?' says he ; ' what a
'288 ROLL OF THE [1658
knave is that : come, bring me the money, and I will
do it/ And by this means he came off at that time.
It may be wondered, that he who had so great honour
and so large a fortune should remain a widower twelve
years, in the most vigorous and best of liis time, nor
can I attribute it to anything but his earnest desire
of knowledge in following of his studies ; and certainly
he was the learnedest man that many ages have pro-
duced of his quality. His first lady was Cecilia, eldest
daughter of the Lord Viscount Banning, a lady of great
virtue and wisdom, by whom he had many children,
sons and daughters, but only two daughters that sur-
vived. She died in the year 1640, and I may confi-
dently say, had he been blessed with a son Uving, he
had never married a second time. By his other lady
he had only one son and one daughter, and they both
died in their infancy.
" He went to attend his Majesty at Dover upon bis
happy and glorious restoration, and shortly after was
sworn of the privy council, in which he continued till
the year 1673, when they were dissolved by his Ma-
jesty, and a new one chosen, all along attending con-
stantly to the business of the Lords' house and the
council table when he was in or near London. But
now age had so prevailed upon him that he rarely
stirred out of his house, expressing much trouble that
he was not able to return the visits of all those per-
sons of honour that came to see him. He was for
his temper the obhgingest friend and severest enemy
that ever met in one man. When he espoused an inte-
rest he would never relinqmsh it ; but then he was
likewise very careful that the cause should be just.
On the contrary, where he had an enmity, it stuck
close upon him, and (which is not so well to say, but
with a regard to truth) he seldom relinquished it.
This can have no manner of excuse, but that it com-
monly so happens in minds highly sensible of honour,
of which no mortal man ever had a greater esteem.
His course of life was so regular, that he who had noted
J
1658] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 280
it but one day might, at a thousand miles' distance,
know how he employed himself every hour of it, unless
extraordinary business diverted him. He was constant
to his times of eating, a.nd never, or very rarely, drank
between his meals ; if he did, 'twas for necessity ; and
I believe the person lives not that can say. in forty
years he ever saw him drink part of a bottle of wine
from his table at meals, where he was always pleasant,
but his conversation so grave, that an obscene word
was never heard to come from him ; and as his latter
time was, so was his youthful. He never was delighted
with those pleasures and recreations that almost all
young noblemen and gentlemen affect ; but all was
swallowed in study, so that he might, as properly as
any man, be called a devourer of books. What Seneca
said in general, might in part of the sentence be very
properly applied to the marquis of Dorchester : ' Cogita
qudm diu eadem feceris mori velle, n(;n tantum fortis,
aut miser, sed etiam fastidiosus potest ;' — a man would
die though he were neither valiant nor miserable, only
of a weariness to do the same thino- so often over and
over ; for in the end he grew weary of books, saying
often there was nothing new to him, and, indeed, of all
things else, having tired all those about him with read-
ing to him.
" I must not omit the honour he did the common
law. Somewhat before he entered into the Society of
the Physicians, he was admitted of Gray's Inn — I mean
of the bench — performing his exercises of reading in
the hall before his admission, and giving the benchers,
barristers, and students of that inn of court a noble
dinner at the same time.
" When he began to decline, his motion was quick
towards his place of rest, as all bodies are the nearer
they approach their centre ; and an unhappy accident
in May, not above five or six months before his death,
might accelerate it. In the morning, as soon as he was
out of bed, he did often use to take a cordial electuary
of his own prescribing ; and at this time calling hastily
VOL. I. U
290 ROLL OF THE [1658
for it, his stomach not being very well, the woman that
kept it, amongst many other things of this and the
like kind, by her over-diligence and haste mistook the
gallipot, and instead thei'eof brought a pot of the ex-
tractum cardiacum, an excellent medicine taken in a
due proportion ; but he took so large a dose of it, that
liis physicians judged he had taken near 100 grains of
opium, which is one ingredient that medicine is com-
pounded of. Within less than a quarter of an hour he
grew heavy and dozed, and so into a dead sleep. This
mistake was not discovered for three hours ; when pre-
sently his coach was sent from Highgate, where he was
then at his house, for Sir John Micklethwaite and Dr.
Browne, with an account of this accident, who pre-
sently repaired to him, and found him in all appearance
never to be recovered ; the medicine was dispersed into
tlie habit of his body, and they thought he would de-
part in this sleep ; but using their utmost endeavours,
by forcing down something to make him vomit, and a
clyster into his body, he did evacuate plentifully down-
wards, and after twenty-four hours came somewhat to
himself again, and in three or four days' time to good
understanding. And though he got over this very well,
seemingly, yet he never remembered he had taken the
medicine, nor was sensible of the operation it had had
upon him ; and I verily beheve it so altered the habit
of his body and constitution, that it hastened his end
in November following. By being rubbed with a bag
of salt (for he had used, many years, friction over all
his body when he arose in the morning), a little skin
not bigger than a threepence was rubbed off his left
heel, and in two or three days' time the humours flow-
ing down to that part caused an mflammation, and in
less than a week's time such a swelling, that his leg
became as big as an ordinary man's body. All endea-
vours were used by physicians and surgeons to put a
stop to it, but nothing would avail ; it gangrened and
mortified, and by degrees striking higher, he died the
8th of December, 1680, at his house in Charterhouse-
1058] ROYAL COLLEaE OF PHYSICIANS. 291
yard. Thus ended this great lord, who was truly so
in all respects, and merits a just volume to set forth
his praises. He lay in state for some time after his
death, and was then carried to his ancient seat of
Holme Pierrepoint, near Notti^igham, where he was
interred among-st his ancestors. He was the eldest of
six sons, and survived them all, having almost attained
the age of 74 years." Thus far Goodall.
I need only add in addition, that the marquis of
Dorchester on the 9 th April, 165 T), gave to the college
lOOZ. to augment the hbrary ; that he was elected
and admitted a Fellow of the College of Physicians on
the 22nd July, 1658, and that he was introduced with
an elegant speech from Dr. (afterwards Su' Charles)
Scarburgh : " IlKistrissimus vir Marchio Dornavise pro-
ponitur eligendus Socius honorarius, omnesque Socii
prsesentes in illius admisaionem Isetis animis suffragan-
tur. Mox Dr. Scarburgh, a Prseside ad id muneris de-
signatus, tum illius virtutes animumque vere nervicum,
turn honorem hoc facto in Societatem nostram coUatam
eleganti oratione extulit. Ipseque marchio artis me-
dicse prsestantiam decusque, ac laudem sibi a Collegio
concessam, brevi quidem sed nervosa oratione apert^
professus est. Simul statutis nostris nomen suum ad-
scripsit ; poUicitusque est, se Collegii statum ac dig-
nitatem sartam et tactam j)ro viribus conservaturum ;
tandemque bellaria in prsesentes omnes liberalissime
effudit."
A portrait of the marquis is over the great door
leading into the library, and there is a fine bust of him
in the hbrary itself The portrait was painted for and
at the expense of the College in 1691, "to remain in
our College as a monument of our gratitude and vene-
ration of his memory."*
The following publications of the marquis of Dor-
chester are still extant : —
* Mr. Treasurer, November 11/91.
I entreat you to take into your custody the picture of our
noblest benefactor tbe Marquiss of Dorchester, to remain in our
u 2
292 ROLL OF THE [1659
A speech spokeu in tlie House of Lords concerning the Right of
Bishops to sit in Parliament, May 21, 1641.
Concerning the Lawfulness and Conveniency of the Bishops
interfering in Temporal Affairs, May 24, 1641.
Speech to the Trained Bands of Nottinghamshire at Newark,
July 13, 1641.
Letter to John Lord Roos (his son-in-law), February 25, 1659.
John Oade was admitted an Extra Licentiate of the
College 12th August, 1658.
Samuel Thorner, A.M. — A master of arts of Mag-
dalen college, Oxford, was admitted an Extra Licen-
tiate of the College of Physicians 4th September, 1658.
John Southcott. — A native of Devonshire, who had
studied medicine at Ley den, where he was entered 6 th
August, 1649, then aged twenty-eight, and apparently
not a graduate in either arts or medicine, was admitted
an Extra Licentiate 14th January, 1658-9.
Gabriel de Beauvoir, M.D., was a native of
Guernsey, and a doctor of medicine of Padua of
October, 1648. He was incorporated at Oxford 27th
January, 1652-3, and was admitted a Candidate of the
College of Physicians 25th June, 1653, and a Fellow
27th May, 1659. He wiis appointed physician to the
Charterhouse 15th May, 1656, on the resignation of
Dr. George Bate, and was himself succeeded in that
office 2nd July, 1673, by Dr. Castle.
Thomas Woolfe, M.D., was a doctor of medicine of
Padua, incorporated at Oxford 14th May, 1653. He
was admitted a Candidate of the College of Physicians
College as a monument of our gratitude and veneration of his
memory ; and at the same time to pay to the painter 5/. for the
same, and 25'?. for the frame, receiving his acquittance.
I am, Sir,
Your affectionate friend and humble servant,
W. Charleton.
To my worthily honor'd friend. Dr. Burwell,
Treasurer of the Royal College of Physicians.
I
1659] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 293
24tli September, 1653, and a Fellow 27th May, 1659.
He died 14th October, 1677.'"
Martin Llewellyn, M.D., was born in London on
the 12th December, 1616, and on the 22Dd was baj)-
tized at Little St. Bartholomew's, Smithfield. He was
educated at St. Peter's, Westminster, and in 1636 was
elected a student of Christ church, Oxford. " He took
the two degrees in arts, that of master being completed
in 1643, at which time he was bearing arms for his
Majesty, and was at length a captain. In 1648 he was
ejected by the visitors appointed by parliament, so that
afterwards going to the great city, he then prosecuted
liis genius as much to physic, as before it had to poetry.
In 1653 he obtained the favour of the men in power
then in the university to be admitted doctor of physic,
and so consequently took the oaths that were then re-
quired, and afterwards became Fellow of the College of
Physicians." (He was admitted a Candidate 24th Sep-
tember, 1653, and a Fellow 27th May, 1659.) "In
1660 he was sworn physician to his Majesty, at that
time newly returned to his kingdom, and in the same
year was made principal of the hall of St. Mary the
Virgin, and one of the commissioners appointed by the
king for regulating the university of Oxford, in which
office he showed himself active enough. In 1664 he
left the university, and, settling with his wife and
family at Great Wycombe, practised his faculty there,
was made a justice of the peace for the county of Buck-
ingham, and in 1671 was elected mayor of the town.
He wrote —
Men Miracles : a Poem. Divers Poems. Satyrs. Elegies. Divine
Poems. Printed 1656. 8vo.
Verses on the Return of King Charles II., James Duke of York,
and Henry Duke of Gloucester. London. 1660. Folio.
Elegy on the Death of Henry, Duke of Gloucester. Lond. 1660.
Wickham Wakened ; or, the Quaker's Madrigal, in rhyme dogrell.
4to. 1672.
This was written while he was mayor of Wycombe,
* " Qui tabe oppressus lucis hujus usuram amisit 14 Oct., 1677."
Dr. Middlcton Massey's MS. notes to Pharm. Lond.
294 ROLL OF THE [1659
against a practitioner of physic who was a Quaker, and
took much from his practice. He died on the 17th
March, 1681, and was buried in the north aisle of the
chancel of the church of Great Wycombe. Over his
grave is the following inscription : —
Hie jacet
Maetinus Llewelyn, eruditus Medicinje Doctor,
ex ^de Cliristi olim alumnus,
sa3viente Civilis belli incendio
(dum Oxonium prgesidio muniebatur)
coborti Academicorum fideli Prffifectus erat
adversus ingruentum Rebellium ferociam :
posteaquam sereniss : Carolo secundo inter j urates medicus
et Colleg. Med. Lend. Socius,
Aulfe Sanctfe Marias dudum Principalis,
dein bujusce Comitatus Irenarcba necnon municipii bujus semel
Prsetor,
Reo-ise autboritatis et I'digionis Eccles. Angflias
legibus stabilitEe strenuus assertor,
inconcussus amator,
celeberrimus insignis poeta,
qui res egregias et sublimes
pari ingenio et facundia depinxit.
Bino matrimonio ftelix septem liberos superstites reliquit,
Lastitiam et Martinum ex priore,
Georgium, Ricardum et Mauritium, Martbam et Mariam ex
posteriore,
uuper amantissima coujuge, Georgii Long de Penn Generosi filia.
Heu ! quam caduca corporis bumani fabrica,
qui toties morbos fugavit,
ipse tandem morbo succumbit anbelus,
doctorum et proborum maximum desideriuni.
Obiit xvij. Martii mdclsxxi., annoque ffitatis Ixvj.*
Robert Strachie, M.D., was a doctor of medicine of
Cambridge, of 6th July, 1658, and was admitted a Can-
didate of the CoUege of Physicians 25th June, 1659. I
can recover no particulars of his career. He was buried
in the church of Bishop's Stortford, co. Hertford, where
his memento may be read as follows : —
Sub boc marmore
reconditum est quod mortale fuit
Robert: Steachie, M.D.,
qui sexto id. Deoembris, anno millesimo septingentesimo quarto,
* Wood's Atbenae Oxon.
165y] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 295
diemm satur, quippe aBiios natus 84,
migravit ex hac vita in beatiorem.
A. R. ex sorore proneptis et hferes H. P.
His son Charles, also a doctor of medicine, bad long
preceded him to the grave. He died 23rd February,
1687, and was buried in the church of All Saints,
Cambridge. In the nave there was the following in-
scription : —
Hie jacet Carolus Steachie, M.D., filius unicus Roberti Strachie,
M.D. Obiit 23 Feb., 1687.
John Jewett, M.D. — A doctor of medicine of Trinity
college, Dublin, of 12th October, 1657 ; incorporated at
Cambridge, 9th July, 1658 ; was admitted a Candidate
of the Koyal College of Physicians 25th June, 1659.
Henry Yerbury, M.D., was the son of Edward Yer-
bury, of Trobridge, gent., and on the 20th May, 1642,
being then fourteen years of age, was matriculated at
Magdalen hall, Oxford. He was elected a demy of
Magdalen college in that university in July, 1642, pro-
ceeded A.B. 7th February, 1645-6, was elected proba-
tioner fellow in 1647, but was ejected therefrom by the
parliamentary visitors in 1648. He then proceeded to
the continent, applied himself to the study of physic,
and graduated doctor of medicine at Padua 11th April,
1654. He was incorporated at Oxford, on his doctor's
degree, 20th January, 1658-9, and also at Cambridge
in 1668 ; and was admitted a Candidate of the College
of Physicians, 25th June, 1659. On the restoration of
Charles II he was reinstated in his fellowship at Mag-
dalen college, and probably withdrew from the practice
of physic ; for I meet with a note in the Annals (23rd
December, 1678), of his formal renunciation of claim to
the fellowship of our College : " D"*. Yerbury jus suun
ad Societatem renunciante, Uteris scriptis et manu D'■'^
Charlton traditis, &c." He died at Oxford, 25th March,
1686, and was buried in the ante-chapel of Magdalen
college, near the north door, where there is a monument
to his memory, with the following inscription : —
296 ROLL OF THE [1660
H. S. E.
Hexricus Yerburt, M.D.
Hajus Collegii Socius,
Vir natalibus jnxta atq. indole generosus.
Securi percusso Rege Carolo,
barbariem, quae Monarcbiam invaserat, exosus,
laltro se in exilium contiilit ;
ubi Venetiis statim inter Proceres,
Paduae inter Medico? inclaruit,
ab utrisq. ita dilectns,
Tit redux in patriam ad tot amicos
exnlasse deniqne videretur,
nisi snperstitisset insigne istud
Magdalen£e simul et Academife oruamentum
Reverendus prseses Doctor Oliver,
cujus consuetudine vivus olim iuexpletus,
ut quam primtim licuit mortuus frueretur,
juxta ejus exuvias suas recondi jussit
Anno salntis mdclxxxvj. -(9^]tatis lxiiij.
William Parker, M.D. — A native of Suffolk, who,
on the 15th April, 1655, being then twenty -five years of
age, was entered on the physic Hne at Leyden, a,nd a
doctor of medicine of Padua of 4th February, 1657-8 ;
incorporated at Oxford; 24th June, 1659 ; was ad-
mitted a Candidate of the College of Physicians 30th
September, 1659.
Philip Stephens, M.D., was born at Devizes, co.
Wilts, and educated at Oxford. He was originally of
St. Alban's hall, but ultimately was made a fellow of
New college by the visitors. He proceeded doctor of
medicine at Oxford, 16th February, 1655, being then
principal of Hart hall, and was admitted a Candidate
of the College of Physicians, 30th September, 1659.
Dr. Stephens died in London shortly after the resto-
ration of Charles II. He was, conjointly with William
Browne, the author of
Catalogus Horti Botanici Oxoniensis, alphabetice digestus, etc.
cui accessere Plants minimum sexaginta suis nominibus insignita;,
quae nullibi nisi in hoc opusculo memorantur. 8vo. Oxon. 1658.
This work was founded on Jacob Bobart's " Cata-
logus Plantarum Horti Medici Oxon," published in 1648.
IGGO] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 297
Thomas Williams. — A practitioner of Eltham (me-
dico-chirurgiam Eltham in comitatu Cantii exercens),
was admitted an Extra Licentiate of the College 11th
February, 1659-60.
John Hill, M.D., was a fellow of All Souls college,
Oxford. Accumulating his degrees, he proceeded doc-
tor of medicine 2nd July, 1659. He was admitted a
Candidate of the College of Physicians 16th April,
1660.
Thomas Kirle was admitted an Extra Licentiate of
the College of Physicians 21st April, 1660.
Andrew Beech, M.D.^ — A native of London, and a
doctor of medicine of Padua of 30th December, 1657 ;
incorporated at Oxford 27th March, 1660 ; was ad-
mitted a Candidate of the College of Physicians 1st
October, 1660.
David Bruce, M.D., was the son of Andrew Bruce,
D.D., principal of St. Leonard's college in the university
of St. Andrew's. He was there educated, and admitted
to the degree of master of arts. He then travelled into
France, studied physic for many years in Paris and
Montpelier, and being prevented by the plague from
going into Italy and taking a degree at Padua, he
went for a time to Lyons, and thence to Valence in
Dauphmy, where he graduated doctor of medicine 7th
May, 1657. He was incorporated at Oxford 12th April,
1660, and on the following 24th December was admit-
ted a Candidate of the College of Physicians. He was
pliysician to the duke and duchess of York, " Aftei-
some years of attendance," says Wood,'"' " being wearied
by the Court toil, most of the service lying on him,
because of his great-uncle Sir John Wedderbourne's
infirmity, the other physician to their royal highnesses,
he retired from that employment, as Sir John had done
a year before, and at length, after many peregrinations,
* Athenae Oxon.
298 ROLL OF THE [l 660-1
finally settled himself at Edinburgh." He was one of*
the original fellows of the Royal Society.
William Ho are, M.D. — A doctor of medicine of
Cambridge, of 3rd July, 1660 ; was admitted a Can-
didate of the College of Physicians, 24th December,
1660. On the 20th May, 1663, be was declared one
of the original fellows of the Koyal Society.
KiOHARD Inglet, A.M.- — A master of arts of Exeter
college, Oxford ; was admitted an Extra-Licentiate of
the College of Physicians 22nd February, 1660-1.
Sir John Finch, M.D., was the son of Sir Heneage
Finch, recorder of London, the brother of Thomas earl
of Winchelsea, by his first wife, Frances, daughter of
Sir Edmund Bell, of Beaupre hall, co. Norfolk, knight.
He was born about the year 1626, and received his
early education at a school in the parish of All Saints,
Oxford, kept by Mr. Edward Sylvester, and when
about fifteen years of age was admitted a gentleman
commoner of Balliol college. In due time (22nd May,
1647) he took his degree of bachelor of arts. He left
Oxford the following year, and removing to Christ's
college, Cambridge, commenced A.M. in 1649, when
attaching himself to the study of physic, he proceeded
to Padua, wliere he ultimately took the degree of doc-
tor of medicine. He was appointed English consul at
Padua ; and, according to Wood, " was preferred by all
the Italians and Greeks (though he himself much op-
posed it) to be syndick of the whole university, an
honour no Englishman ever had before. In contem-
plation and memory of his excellent government, they
set up his statue in marble, and the Great Duke (in-
vited by the fame of his learning and virtues) did make
him the public professor at Pisa, all princes striving
who should most honour a person (so vastly above his
years) so knowing and so meritorious." On the resto-
ration of king Charles II, Dr. Finch returned to Eng-
land ; and on the 1st March, 1660-1, in virtue of the
IGGO-l] ROYAL COLLEGE OF THYSICIANS. 299
folio winoc vote, was admitted an Extraordinary Fellow
of the College of Physicians : " 1660-1. Februarii
xxvi. Ob prseclara Doctoris Harvei, nobis niinquam
sine honore nominandi, ejusque fratris germani Eliabi,
in Collegium merita, placuit Sociis omnibus prsesenti-
bus (prseterquam quatuor) D''^"' Joannem Finch et D'"'""
Thomam Baines (Patavii doctorali laurea ornatos) ad-
aucto tantundem, in eorum gratiam, Sociorum niimero,
in CoUeofium, seu Socios Extraordinarios, adsciscere : ea
tamen lege ac conditioue, ne res haec facile in exemplum
trahatur."
"1660-1. Martiij. Admittantur jam Socii Extra-
ordinarii Dr. Joannes Finch et Dr. Baines."
Dr. Finch was presented to king Charles II by the
lord chancellor, the earl of Clarendon, on the 1 0th June,
1661, when his Majesty, in recognition of his services
abroad, conferred upon him the honour of knighthood.'"
He was declared a fellow of the Royal Society 20th
May, 1663. In 1665 he proceeded to the court of the
grand duke of Tuscany, as minister from the king of
Great Britain ; and proved himself so dexterous in that
capacity, that towards the end of 1672 he was sent as
* On the 26tli June, 1661, in virtue of a grace passed the year
before, Sir John Finch and his friend Dr. Baines were created doc-
tors of medicine at Cambridge. The entry in the register of the
university is so honoi'able to them both that it ought not to be
omitted. " Cum vir eximie nobilis Johannes i'inch, eques auratus
et Pisse, magni ducis Hetruriee professor publicus, et dignissimus
etiam vir Thomas Baynes, duodecim abhinc annis admissi fuerint
apud nos Cantabrigienses ad gradum magisterii in artibus et pos-
tea in exteras regiones profecti, diuque apud Patavinos commorati,
non sine summo eorum applausu, et Anglicani nominis honore
gradum doctoratus in medicina ibidem adepti sint; in patriam
demum reversis superiori anno iisdem gratia concessa est, ut hie
apud nos admitterentur ad eundem gradum, statum et honorem,
quibus apud Patavinos prius insigniti fuerant. At vero cum ipsi-
met in personis propriis ob importuna negotia, quibus impliciti et
detenti sunt adesse non possiut : Placet itaque vobis, ut vir nobilis
Johannes Finch admissionem suam recipiat ad dictum gi'adum sub
persona Doctoris Carr in medicina doctoris ; — et Thomas Baynes
suam itidem sub persona Johannis Gostlin inceptoris in medicina ;
et ut eorum stet eisdem pro completis gradu et forma."
300 ROLL OF THE [l 660-1
ambassador to Constantinople. Sir John returned to
England, and died in London on the 18th November,
1682, aged tifty-six. His body was taken to Cam-
bridge, and interred near his bosom friend. Dr. Baines,
in the chapel of Christ's college, where there is the fol-
lowing inscription to their joint memory.
Effare Marmor.
Cuja sunt beec duo quae sustentas Capita ?
Duorum amicissimorum. quibus Cor erat unum, unaq. Anima;
D. JoHANNis FiNOHii et D. Thomje Baixesii,
Equitum Auratorum,
Virorum omnimoda sapientia, Aristotelica, Platonica, Hippocratica,
rerumque adeo gereudarum peritia plane summorum,
atque hisce nominibus, et ob prajclarum immortalis Amicitiae
exemplum,
sub amantissimi tutoris Henrici Mori auspiciis,
hoc ipso in Collegio initae,
per totum Terrarum orbem celebratissimorum ;
hi mores, heec studia, hie successus, Genus vero
si quaeris et Becessitudines,
horum alter D. Heneagii Einchii Equitis Aurati Filius erat,
Heneagii vero Finchii Comitis Nottingharaiensis Frater,
non magis Juris quam Jnstieise Consult],
Regiee Majestati a Consib'is Secretioribus, summique
Angliae Cancellarii,
viri prudentissimi, religiosissimi,
eloquentissimi, integerrimi,
Priucipi, Patri^, atque Ecclesiffi Anglicange charissimi,
ingeniosa, numerosa, prosperaq. prole, prge caeteris
mortalibus felicissimi :
Alter D. Johanuis Finchii, viri omni laude majoris,
amicus intimus,
perpetuusq. per triginta plus minos annos
fortunarum et consiliorum particeps,
longarumq. inter exteras nationes itinerationum
indivulsus comes :
Hie igitur peregre apud Turcas vita functus
est, nee prius tamen quam alter
a Serenissimo Rege Anglite per decennium Legatus
praeclare suo functus est munere,
tunc demum dilectissimus Bainesius suam et amici
Finchii simul animam Byzantii efflavit
die v. Septembris, H. III. P.M., A.D."^MDCLXXX. a^t. suae LIX.
Quid igitur fecerit alterum hoc corpus anima eassum rogas ?
Ruit: sed in amplexus alterius, indoluit, ingemuit,
ubertim flevit,
tutum in laclirymas, nisi nescio quoe utriq. anima^
1661]
ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 301
relliquiae cohibuissent, defluxuriyn ;
nee tamen totus dolori sic indulsit nobilissimus
Finchius,
quin ipsi quae incumberent solerter gesserit
confeceritq. negotia,
et postquara ad Amici pollincturam quce spectai*ent
curaverat,
visceraq. telluri Byzantinee, addito marmore, eleganter
a se pieq. inscripto coramiserat,
cunctas res suas sedulo paravevat ad reditum in
optatani patriam,
corpus etiam defuncti amici a Constantinopoli usque
(triste, sed pium officium) per longos maris tractus,
novam subinde salo e lachrymis suis admiscens salsedinem,
ad sacellum hoc deduxit,
ubi funebri ipsum oratione adhibita, moestisque sed
dulcisonis threnodiis,
in hypojgfeum tandem sub proxima area situm,
commune utriq. paratum bospitium, solenniter
honorificeque condidit.
Haec pia Finchius officia defuncto amico prsestitit,
porroq. cum eo in usus pios
quater mille libras Anghcanas huic Christi CoUegio
donavit,
ad duos Socios totidemq. Scholares in CoUegio alendos,
et ad augendum libris quinquagenis reditum
Magistri annuum ;
cui rei ministrandse riteq. finiundae Londini
dum incumberet,
paucos post menses in morbum incidit, febriq. ac pleuritide
maxime vero Amici Bainepii desiderio adfectus et afflictus,
inter lacrymas, luctus, et amplexus charissimorum
dieum obiit,
speq. beatas immortalitatis plenus, pie ac placide in
Domino obdormivit
Die xviii. Xovemb. H.IT. P. M. A.D. MDCLXXXII. £et. suae LVI.
Londinoq. hue delatus, ab illustrissimo D. Domino Finchio
Heneagii Comitis Nottinghamiensis Filio primogenito
aliisq. ejus filiis, ac necessariis comitantibus
eodem in hoe Sepulchre, quo ejus amicissimus heic conditus
jacet :
lit studia, fortunas, consilia, imo animas vivi qui
miseuerant
iidem suos defuncti sacros tandem miseerent cineres.
Sir Thomas Baines, M.D., was the intimate and life-
long friend of Sir John Finch, M..D., just mentioned,
with whose history that of our present physician is in-
302 ROLL OF THE [1661
separably counected. He was born about the year
1622, was educated at Christ college, Cambridge, under
Henry More, and took the degree of A.B. in 1642,
A.M. in 1649, but graduated doctor of medicine at
Padua, and was incorporated on that degree at Cam-
bridge in 1660. On the 8th March, 1660, he was
chosen professor of music at Gresham college in place
of Sir William Petty. He was admitted, in company
with Sir John Finch, an Extraordinary Fellow of the
College of Physicians on the 1st of March, 1660-1. He
was one of the original fellows of the Koyal Society.
In the capacity of physician he accompanied Sb John
in his diplomatic career, first to Tuscany and then to
Constantinople, and before he left England received
from Charles II the honour of knighthood. Dying at
Constantinople on the 5th September, 1680, aged 59,
he was buried in that city, whence, however, his re-
mains were removed by Sir John Finch on his return
to England, and finally deposited in the chapel of
Christ's college, Cambridge.
Edward Harding, A.M., a master of arts of Christ
church, Oxford, was admitted an Extra-Licentiate of
the College of Physicians 1 2tli April, 1661. He prac-
tised at Northampton ; and in St. Peter's church in
that town, upon a stone near the steps of the altar, is
his memento, as follows : —
Edvard : Harding, Med : Professor,
percharus vixit,
desideratus obiifc Mar : 8, 1679.
Thomas Pepys, M.D., was educated at St. Peter's
college, Westminster, whence he was elected in 1641 to
Trinity college, Cambridge. He was elected fellow of
Trinity in 1649, took the degree of master of arts at
Cambridge in 1647, and on the 20th May, 1649, being
then twenty-seven years of age, was entered on the
physic line at Leyden, but he grad\iated doctor of me-
dicine at Padua, 25th August, 1651. He was incorpo-
rated on the latter degree at Oxford, 20th May, 1653,
16G1] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 303
and admitted ad eundeni at Cambridg'e in 1664. Dr.
Pepys was admitted a Candidate of the College of
Physicians 25th June, 1661. His legacy to the Col-
lege of ten pounds was received 3rd July, 1673.
Edward Oakes, a student of medicine from Har-
vard college, Cambridge, New England, wj>s admitted
a Licentiate of the College of Physicians 25th June,
1661. He is doubtless the " Mr. Oakes, a physician
dwelling in Shadwell, who after the fire of London
gave evidence before a Committee appointed by Par-
liament to inquire ' touching the insolency of Popish
priests and Jesuits, and the increase of Popery.'"""'
Charles Crooke was admitted an Extra-Licentiate
of the College of Physicians 13th July, 1661.
Theophilus Ho worth, M.D., a doctor of medicine
of Magdalene college, Cambridge, of 3rd July, 1661,
was admitted a Candidate of the College of Physicians
25th July, 1661. He was incorporated at Oxford on
his doctor's degree 8th July, 1668.
William Pamesey. M.D. — Of this prolific writer I
can recover but few particulars-. He was certainly of
Scotch extraction. His father probably came to Eng-
land in the suite of James I, as he held some appoint-
ment in the bed-chamber and privy-chamber of that
monarch, as he did also in that of his son and successor,
Charles I. Both father and son would seem to have
suffered in their fortiuies, for their loyalty — a fact to
which the attention of Charles II is pointedly directed
in the dedication of one of the works mentioned be-
neath. Dr. Pamesey was admitted an Extra-Licentiate
of the College of Physicians 31st July, 1661. He was
already a doctor of medicine of Montpelier, when, in
June, 1668, he was created doctor of medicine at Cam-
bridge by royal mandate. He evidently practised for
some time in London, but in 1668, when his Elmin-
* Malcolm's Londinum Redivivura, iv, p. dii.
304 ROLL OF THE [1661
thologia was published, was settled in Plymouth. At
that time he held the appointment of physician in ordi-
nary to Charles II. Watt (Bibl. Brit.) gives the fol-
lowing list of his publications : —
Christian Judicial Theology vindicated and Demonology con-
futed. Lond. 1651. 12mo.
Vox Stellarum, or Astrological Predictions for the year 1651.
Lond. 1652. 12mo.
A short discourse of the Eclipse of the Sun, March 29, 1652.
Lond. 1652. 12mo.
Astrologia Restaurata, or Astrology Restored : in foure bookes.
Lond. 1653. Folio.
Man's Dignity and Perfection vindicated, wherein is demonstrated
that the Soule of man is extraduced and begotten by the parents.
Lond. 1661. 12mo.
A Discourse of Poysons. Lond. 1663. 12mo.
E\/niv6o\o^/ta : or Physical Observations concerning Worms in
Men's Bodies. Lond. 1668. 8vo.
The Gentleman's Companion, or a Character of true Nobility.
London, 1672. 8vo.
William Quahtermaine, M.D., was the son of Wal-
ter Quartermaine, of Shaffington, Bucks, gent. ; and on
the 10th October, 1634, being then sixteen years of
age, was matriculated at Oxford as a member of Brase-
nose college. Eventually he removed to Pembroke col-
lege, as a member of which house he proceeded doctor
of medicine 23rd June, 1657. He came before the
Censors' board for examination 4tli December, 1657,
and 8th January, 1657-8, and was approved on both
occasions. He did not appear for his third examination,
and was never admitted a Candidate. This was pro-
bably owing to his being engaged in his professional
capacity with the fleet ; for we learn from Pepys, that
the doctor was his guest on board ship 24th May, 1660.
Dr. Quartermaine, soon after this, was appointed one of
the physicians in ordinary to Charles II, and as such
was admitted a Fellow of the College of Physicians 30th
September, 1661. He was one of the earliest fellows of
the Royal Society, and was buried at St. Martin 's-in-
the-Fields 11th June, 1667.'"
* Col. Chester's Westminster Abbey Registers, p. 154.
1GG2] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 305
George Smith, M.D., was the second son of John
Smith, of Nortli Nibley, esquire, sheriff of Gloucester-
shire. He was e(Uicated at Queen's college, Oxford,
and as a member of that house proceeded master of arts.
Devoting himself to physic, he visited the continent for
improvement, and on the 24th December, 1658, gra-
duated doctor of medicine at Padua. He was incor-
porated at Oxford on his doctor's degree 21st May,
1661, and was admitted a Candidate of the Colleofe of
Physicians the 30th September following. He was one
of the early fellows of the lioyal Society.
Dr. Smith died at Topcroft hall, co. Norfolk, 15th
August, 1702, and was buried in the church of Topcroft,
where there is the following memorial : —
" Here lies buried
Dr. George Smith, Dr. of Physick.
He was son of John :^mith, Esq. of North Nibley, in Gloucestershire;
he died in Topcroft Hall, the 15th August, 1702.
He had two wives, Mary, daughter of David Offley, of London, Esq.
by whom he had one son, Offley Smith ;
and Anne, the daughter of Williain Chilcott,
of Isleworth, in Middlesex, Esq., by whom he had no issvie."
Richard Clamp was a practitioner at Lynn, in Nor-
folk, "medicinam factitans in urbe Linne Regis," and was
admitted an Extra-Licentiate of the College of Physi-
cians 1 1th October, 1661. He survived to a ripe old age,
and dying 18th August, 1696, aged 79, was buried in
St. Margaret's church, Lynn. The monument to his
memory bears the following inscription : —
" M. S.
RiCHARDi Clamp, generosi,
viri tarn pietate quam animi candore satis noti omnibus :
qui variis pr^elibatis Unguis
et ipsius naturas arcanis non inscrutandis
(proprio stimulante genio)
in totam mathematicam et rem medicam penetravit,
quarum praxi feliciter operam dedit.
Anno jam tandem lxxix peracto,
altiora petens, in ceelos migravit Aug. xviii. mdcxcvi."
Thomas Bathurst, M.D. — A doctor of medicine of
VOL. I. X
306 ROLL OF THE [lGG2
Leyden of the 2nd July, 1(359, incorporated at Oxford
17th March, 16G1, was admitted a Candidate of the Col-
lege of Physicians 25th June, 1662. Wood'"" says " he
was afterwards a knight, and, I think, a Fellow also of
the College of Physicians." I have searched carefully
for a note of his admission as such, but have not been
able to find it.
KiCHARD Francklin, M.D., of Queen's college, Ox-
ford, was actually created doctor of physic, 29th No-
vember, 1660, being, as Woodt says, " put in among the
rest, although no sufterer for the royal cause." He was
admitted a Candidate of the College of Physicians 25th
June, 1662, but never, I believe, reached the fellowship.
Dr. Francklin held the office of physician to the Tower ;
and, as we learn from Smith's Obituary, was buried 5th
September, 1672.
Thomas Browne, A.M., a master of arts of Oxford,
but of what college is not recorded in the Annals, and
a practitioner at Stamford, Lincolnshire, was admitted
an Extra-Licentiate of the College of Physicians 23rd
August, 1662.
JosiAH Lane, M.D., a master of arts, and at one time
fellow of Corpus Christi college, Oxford, and then prac-
tising physic at Wallingford, co. Berks, was admitted an
Extra-Licentiate of the College of Physicians 23rd Au-
gust, 1662. On the 28th August, 1663, being then thirty
years of age, he was entered on the physic line at Leyden,
and he graduated doctor of medicine there 27th May,
1664 (D.M.L de Cholera Morbo).
EoBERT Sprackling, M.D., was descended from a re-
spectable family settled at St. Lawrence and Pamsgate,
in the isle of Thanet. He was educated at Cambridoe,
and, as a member of Peterhouse, proceeded master of
* Fasti Oxon. vol. ii, p. 819.
t Fasti Oxon. vol. ii, p. 811.
1662] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 307
arts, on which degree he was iucorporated at Oxford
1 3th July, 1658. He graduated doctor of medicine at
Anjou, 12th August, 1661 ; was admitted ad eimdem Sit
Cambridge, 28th June, 1662 ; and a Candidate of the
College of Piiysicians 30th September, 1662. In sequel,
as we learn from Wood, to some diiferences between his
father and mother — the latter of whom was made away
with — Dr. Sprackhng became discontented and un-
happy, sought refuge in the church of Rome, and, re-
tmng to Preston in Lancashire, practised with con-
siderable success among the members of his own com-
munion. Wood affirms that he led a drunken and de-
bauched life. Be this as it may ; he eventually seceded
from the faith of his adoption, and was reconciled to
the Established church. Dying shortly afterwards at
Preston, about the year 1670, he was there interred.
He was the author of
Medela Ignorantiae ; or a just and plain Vindication of Hippo-
crates and Galen from the groundless Imputations of M. IS", wherein
the whole Substance of his illiterate Plea, entitled " Medela Medi-
cine," is occasionally considered. Lond. 1665.
William Halsey, of Luton, Bedfordshire, was ad-
mitted an Extra-Licentiate of the College of Piiysicians
4th October, 1662.
Bernard Wright. — A practitioner at Basingstoke,
" apud Basingstoke chirurgo-medicus," was admitted an
Extra-Licentiate of the College 4th October, 1662.
Edward Pichardson, A.M. — A master of arts of
Emmanuel college, Cambridge, was admitted an Extra-
Licentiate of the College of Physicians 10th November,
1662. On the 2nd April, 1664, beitjg then forty-seven
years of age, he entered himself on the physic line at
Leyden.
John Pringle, A.M., of the university of St. An-
drews. He was admitted an Extra-Licentiate of the
College 10th November, 1662.
X 2
308 ROLL OF THE [lGG3
Richard Edwards. — A practitioner at Bridgnorth
in Shropshire, was admitted an Extra-Licentiate of the
College 19th December, 1662.
Robert Waller, M.D.— On the 17th July, 1650,
being then thirty years of age, he was entered on the
physic line at Leyden, where he graduated doctor of
medicine, and on that degree was incorporated at Cam-
bridge in 1652, He was admitted a Candidate of the
College of Physicians 24th September, 1653, and a Fel-
low 22nd December, 1662.
Charles Vermuyden, A.B., of Christ church, Ox-
ford, of June 14th, 1661, was admitted a Licentiate of
the College of Physicians 22nd December, 1662.
John Manship, A.M.— A master of arts of Lincoln
college, Oxford, was admitted an Extra-Licentiate of
the College 5th June, 1663.
Richard Trevor, M.D., of Merton college, Oxford,
but a doctor of medicine of Padua of 24th December,
1658, incorporated at Oxford 12th November, 1661,
was admitted a Candidate of the College of Physicians
25tli June, 1663. " This well-bred gentleman," says
Wood,"'' " who was son of Sir John Trevor, and younger
brother to Sir John Trevor, who was made secretary of
state in the latter end of October, 1668, after his re-
turn from his embassy to France, died near the Temple
gate on the 17th July, 1676, and was buried in the
chuT-ch of St. Dunstan's-in-the-West, Fleet-street."
Richard Abbott, M.D., was born in London, and
on the 2nd January, 1662, being then forty-one years
of age, was inscribed on the physic line at Leyden, pre-
paratory to his taking his degree of doctor of medicine
in that university, which he did on the 17th of the
same month. He was admitted a Licentiate of the
College of Physicians 25th June, 1663.
* Fasti' Oxon. vol. ii, p. 819.
1663] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 309
Thomas Sydenham, M.D. — The personal history of
this great man is involved in unusual obscurity. The
earliest biographical notices we have of him are singu-
larly scanty ; and of the additions subsequently made,
many, undoubtedly, have been the result of misappre-
hension, and others are as clearly apocryphal. Flow
little is really known of Sydenham's personal histor}',
may be seen from Dr. Gordon Latham's admirable Life
of this great practical physician.
Thomas Sydenham was born at Winford Eagle in
Dorsetshire, in 1624, and was the son of William Syden-
ham, by his wife Mary, daughter of John Geffery, of
Catherstone, in the same county. In 1642, at the
age of eighteen, he was entered a commoner of Magda-
len hall, Oxford. He left the university, however,
shortly after his admission, and it is generally admitted
he did so for military service, and that on the side of
the Parliament, a cause warmly espoused by all his
family. About the year 1646, being then in London,
on his way to Oxford, with the intention of renewing
his studies, but without any settled views as to a pro-
fession, Sydenham met with Dr. Thomas Coxe, then in
attendance on his brother, William Sydenham, and by
the advice of that physician was induced to apply him-
self to medicine. He returned to Magdalen hall, was
actually created bachelor of medicine, 14th April, 1648,
without having taken a degree in arts, and was soon
after put in by the visitors, as a fellow of All Souls
college, in place of an expelled royalist. He appa-
rently remained at Oxford, in the enjoyment of his fel-
lowship, for some years, though he is stated, on doubtful
authorit}', to have visited Montpelier, If he really did
so, it was 23i^obably, as Dr. Gordon Latham thinks, dur-
ing a long vacation.
Sometime previous to 1661, but the precise period
is uncertain, Sydenham removed to town, and settled
in Westminster. He presented himself before the Cen-
sors of the College of Physicians in the spring of lf)63 ;
was examined 24th April, 8th May, and the 5th June,
310 ROLL OF THE [1663
and was admitted a Licentiate 25th June, 1663. In
the early part of the year 1666 Sydenham came before
the pubhc as an author, in a work entitled " Methodus
Ourandi Febres, propriis observationibus superstructa. "
This was favourably noticed in the Philosophical Trans-
actions ; was the same year reprinted at A msterdam ;
came to a second edition, amended and enlarged by a
distinct essay on the plague, in 1668 ; and reappeared
much enlarged, and on a more comprehensive plan, in
1676, under the title of " Observationes Medicse circa
Morborum Acutorum Historiam et Curationem." Other
treatises followed, which will be specified in the sequel.
On the iTthofMay, 1676, Sydenham proceeded doctor
of medicine at Cambridge, as a member of Pembroke
college ; his reason for doing so in that university,
rather than at Oxford, being probably, as suggested
by Dr. Latham, that his eldest son had two years pre-
viously been admitted a pensioner of Pembroke. Syden-
ham, through a considerable portion of his life was a
great sufferer from gout, to which were superadded the
torments of renal calculus, wdiich, in its turn, led to
copious ha3maturia. He died at his house in Pall Mall
29th December, 1689, aged 65, and was buried in St.
James's church. A tablet with the following inscrip-
tion was there erected by the College of Physicians in
1810:—^'
Prope hunc locum sepultus est
Thomas Sydenham,
Medicns in omne fevum nobilis.
]Satus erat a.d. 1624,
Vixit aunos 65.
Deletis ceteris monumenti vestigiis,
* 1809, September 30. A motion was made and seconded, " That
it be referred to the College officers, with the addition of Dr. Heber-
den, to consider of the propriety of placing in St. James's chui'ch
some memorial of the late Dr. Sydenham, who was buried in the
south aisle of that church, and had formerly a stone placed on the
pavement to mark the place of his interment, but wliich by time
has been obliterated ; and during the repairs of the building, a few
years ago, has been entirely lost," which passed in tlic affirmative.
1G63] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 311
ue rei memoria interiret,
hoc marmor poni jussit Collegium
Regale Medicorum Londinense, a.d. 1810,
op time m.erito.
Sydenham left three sons, the eldest of whom, Wil-
liam, became a physician, and a Licentiate of the Col-
lege. For his use and guidance Sydenham drew up
the " Processus Integri."
Scanty as are these particulars, they constitute the
whole on which reliance can be placed. Sir Richard
Blackmore's oft-quoted anecdote, of Sydenham's re-
commendation of Don Quixote as the best book for a
student of medicine, I have purposely omitted, believ-
ing it to be utterly valueless. Another statement,
coming to us on the authority of Dr. Harris, and pur-
porting to give Sydenham's reason for not writing on
diseases of the head, I have little hesitation in placing
in the same category, I cannot, however, allow Dr.
Lettsom's remarks on Sydenham's position in the Col-
lege of Physicians, that of a licentiate and not of a
fellow, to pass without comment or animadversion.
Sydenham had the degree of bachelor of medicine
conferred upon him in 1648, but did not proceed doc-
tor till after a lapse of eight and twenty years— namely,
on the 17th May, 1676 — a fact which, of itself, may be
regarded as conclusive, that his mind, engrossed in the
diligent observation of disease, laid but little store on
academical or collegiate honours. Long ere Syden-
ham settled in London, he was of sufficient standing at
Oxford to have proceeded doctor ; he was content, how-
ever, with the minor degree, and, as such, was, by the
statutes of the College of Physicians, inadmissible as a
Candidate, and, a fortiori, as a Fellow. The licence
was all the College could grant him ; and that, as we
have seen, he received 25th June, 1663. Up to the
year 1676, then, tlie College, supposing them so in-
clined, could not, by their bye laws, have admitted
Sydenham a fellow ; and even at that period the initi-
ative must have been taken by him, and a re-examina-
1
312 llOLL OF THE [l 6(13
tion submitted to. This, from ths facts above stated,
we may well imagine he declined to do ; and a careful
examination of the Annals enables me positively to
assert that he never sought admission to the fellow-
ship. His waning health may, perhaps, have been one
reason. Tlie year after he took his doctor's degree he
sujffered more severely than at any prior period. " For
the first three months of the year 1C77," says Dr.
Latham, " Sydenham was prevented practising by a
severe attack of the gout and liaematuria ; the three
next months he passed in the country for the sake of
recruiting ; in autumn he returned to London." m
Equally unable am I to discover any grounds for the m
assertions of Dr. Lettsom as to the envy and enmity §
of the Fellows, and their attempts to banish Sydenham
from the College. That >Sydenham had opponents, and
even enemies, among his cotemporary physicians, his
own reiterated statements forbid us to deny. There is,
certainly, no reason to suppose that such feelings at-
tached peculiarly to the Fellows of the College,— much
less that it influenced them in their collegiate capacity.
On the contrary, whenever Sydenham is mentioned in
the Annals, it is in terms of respect and esteem. On
the 7th October, 1G87, application was made for per-
mission to print a second edition of the " Schedula
Monitoria." The entry on this occasion shows none of
those feelings which have been attributed to the Col-
lege by Dr. Lettsom ; indeed, the word " lubentissime"
is peculiar ; neither it, nor a word of equal force, being
met with in reference to the works of any of his co-
temporaries : " Dr. Sydenham, Schedulse suae Monito-
risB cum additionibus secundam impressionem medi-
tatus, bil'hopolam Dominum Kettleby ad Censores
misit ab ill is licentiam imprimendi impetratum, quam
lubentissime accepturus erit, modo, uti fas est, Sche-
dula ilia Censoribus ante diem Veneris sequentem per-
legenda tradatur." That Sydenham's position then, as
a Licentiate, a circumstance which has given rise tc
such varied comment in modern times, was due to him-
IGGo] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 313
self alone, seems clear from tlie facts above adduced ; a
conclusion borne out by Sir William Browne, who, inti-
mately acquainted with some of Sydenham's cotempo-
raries, and not improbably personally known to the
great physician's son, William Sydenham, may be pre-
sumed to have had good grounds for the following state-
ment. Speaking of the order of Licentiates, he says,
" It was a title high enough to content the great
Sydenham, our British Hippocrates, to his death. Nor
did he think it an indignity to his doctor's degree, or
to the university that conferred it ; nor did he chuse
to exchange it for a higher — so remarkable was his
modesty as well as his ability — although our Society
woidd have received with open arms one who was so
great an ornament to it even as a Licentiate — one who
must have added lustre even to its highest himours."'""
In the College there are three portraits and a fine
bust of Sydenham. The portrait in the Censors' room
was presented to the College 19th October, 1747, by
Sydenham's grandson, and was painted by Mary Beale,
an artist of considerable reputation towards the end of
the 17th century, one of whose sons studied physic
under Sydenham himself, and subsequently practised
with reputation as a physician at Coventry. t The second
portrait was presented by Sydenham's son, William
Sydenham, M.D., in June, 1691. The third, very infe-
rior to tlie other two, was given by Mr. Bayfordin 1832.
The bust was erected at the expense of the College, in
obedience to the following vote : "30 September, 1757.
The College agreed to erect a busto of Lr. Sydenham in
their Csenaculum, the exjDense not to exceed one hun-
dred pounds, and appointed a committee to take care of
the business. The Committee to be the President (Dr.
* Vindication of the Royal College of Physicians, p. 17.
t " 1747, Nov. 6. Dr. Harding having on the 19th October last
(being the day on M'hich the Harveyan Oration was spoken) bought
an original picture of Dr. Thomas Sydenham, drawn by Mrs. Mary
Beale, as a present to the College from his grandson, Mr. Theophilus
Sydenham, the same was that day accepted, and Dr. Harding de-
sired to return thanks for the College."
314 ROLL OF THE [1664
Reeve), the Treasurer (Dr. Wilbraham), the Registrar
(Dr. Lawrence), Dr. Askew, and Dr. Akenside."''^
It now remains to enumerate Sydenham's writings.
The " Observationes Medicae," his largest work, I have
already mentioned. A MS. supposed to be the original
in Enghsh of the Observationes Medicse, is in the Col-
lege. It was presented by Mr. Paul Vaillant 17th
November, 1795.t
Epistolffi ResponsoriEe duse. Prima de Morbis Epidemicis ab Anno
1675 ad Annum 1680, ad Robertum Brady, M.D. Secunda de Luis
Venerese historia et curatione, ad Henricum Paman, M.D. Lond.
8vo. 1680.
Dissertaiio Epistolaris ad Gul. Cole, M.D. de Observationibus
nuperis circa Curationem Variolarum Confluentium, necnon de Affec-
tione Hysterica. Lond. 8vo. 1682.
Tractatus de Podagra et Hydrope. Lond. 8vo. 1683.
Schedula Monitoria de Novas Febris ingressu. Lond. 8vo. 1686.
Processus Integri in Morbis fere omnibus curandis. (A posthumous
publication.) 12mo. Lond. 1693.
Sydenham's collected works have been repeatedly pub-
lished. The last, and by far the best edition, is that by
Dr. Greenhill, issued by the Sydenham Society in 1844.
Robert Dale, A.B. of Magdalen college, Oxford,
and a practitioner at Stourbridge, Worcestershire, was
admitted an Extra- Licentiate of the College 1st Octo-
ber, 1663.
Henry Goodman, A.B. of Peterhouse, Cambridge,
practising at Lewes, Sussex, was admitted an Extra-
Licentiate 25th February, 1663-4.
Paul Seaman, A.B. of Emmanuel college, Cam-
* In the Treasurer's book I read : £ s. d.
1758, Nov. 18. To Mr. Wilton for the marble busto
of Dr. Sydenham and putting it up in ihe great
room .. .. .. .. •• .. /300
To ditto for the model of the said busto . . . . 5 5 0
t " 1795, Nov. 17. The President (Sir George Baker) commu-
nicated his having received an original manuscript in English of
the Medical Observations of Dr. Sydenham from Mr. Paul Yaillant,
and the thanks of the College were directed to be sent to him for
this present." Annalcs, vol. svi, p. 182.
1G64] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 315
l)ridge, practising at Colchester, was admitted an Extra-
Licentiate of the College of Physicians 22nd April, 1664.
Robert Brinsley, M.D., the son of John Brinsley,
the ejected minister of Great Yarmouth, was educated
at Emmanuel college, Cambridge, proceeded A.B. 1656,
A.M. 1660, and was admitted an Extra-Licentiate of
the College of Physicians 6th June, 1664. He prac-
tised in his native town, Yarmouth, and proceeded
doctor of medicine at Leyden in 1668 (D.M.I, de Scor-
buto. 4to), being then thirty years of age.
William Swan, A.B. — A bachelor of arts of Cam-
bridge, educated at Emmanuel college, and then prac-
tising at Chadwell, Essex, was admitted an Extra-
Licentiate of the College of Physicians 6th September,
1664.
Timothy Clarke, M.D. — A doctor of medicine of
Balliol college, Oxford, of 20th July, 1652, was ad-
mitted a Candidate of the College of Physicians 26th
June, 1654, and a Fellow 20th October, 1664. On the
death of Dr. Quartermaine, in 1668, he was appointed
one of the physicians in ordinary to king Charles II,
and on the 12tli November in that year his Majesty
called on the College to grant Dr. Clarke the usual
privileges of his position. He was in consequence ap-
pointed an Elect on the first vacancy, namely 24th
January, 1669-70, in place of Sir Edward Alston, de-
ceased. He was incorporated at Cambridge oji his doc-
tor's degree in 1668. Dr. Clarke was one of the original
fellows of the Eoyal Society, and in the charter consti-
tuting that body is named one of the council.
Thomas Burwell, M.D., was a son of Edward Bur-
well, of Bougham, co. Suffolk, gent., by his wife Mary,
daughter of Jeffery Pitman, of Woodbridge, in the
same county, and was baptized at Woodbridge, 20th
April, 1626. He was educated at Peterhousc, Cam-
316 ROLL OF THE [1664
bridge, of which society he became a fellow. He was
entered on the physic line at Ley den 3rd May, 1651,
graduated doctor of medicine in that university, and
was incorporated on that deo^ree at Cambridore in 1653.
He was admitted a Candidate of the College of Phy-
sicians, 22nd December, 1653, and a Fellow 20th Oc-
tober, 1664. On the 15th September, 165U, being
then " of Allhallows Stayning, London," he married at
Frampton, co. Dorset, Jane Haughton, of that parish,""'
and about the year 1665 settled at Dorchester, in the
same county. There he practised for several years. Li
the year 1677 Thomas Burwell, M.D., describing him-
self of Dorchester, gives an account of himself and
family, which is entered in the Heralds' Book.t His
wife died in 1679, and was buried at Frampton. In
1683 he returned to London, and having by long ab-
sence lost his position as a fellow, was on the 25th June
restored to it.| He was appointed an Elect 3rd July,
1684, in place of Dr. Whistler, deceased ; was Censor
in 1684, 1689, 1695, 1696 ; Registrar 23rd July, 1685
to 1688; Consiliarius, 1689, 1694, 1695, 1696, 1698,
1699 ; Treasurer, 1690 and 1691 ; President, 1692 and
1693. Dr. Burwell resigned his place of Elect 5th De-
cember, 1701. He died 30th January, 1701-2, and
was buried at Woodbridge, Suffolk, 4th February,
1701-2.
He was the author of
Some Papers writ in 1664 in Answer to a Letter concerning the
Practice of Physick. 4to. Loud., 167U.
George Pvogers, M.D., was a son of George Rogers,
of the city of London, M.D., a Fellow^ of the College
before mentioned, who died in November, 1622. In
1635, being then about seventeen years of age, he was
admitted a commoner of Lincoln college, Oxford, and
* Hutchin's Dorset, vol. i, p. 353.
t D 28, folio 60.
;J: 1683, Juuii XXV. D" Burwell gratia concedebatur pinst'num
in Collegii Societatis locum obtinendi, modo Sociorum uumerus non
sit corapletus, alioqui, quampi-inuim corum aliquis defecerit.
IGG4] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 317
as a member of that house proceeded A.B. 24th January,
1G38; A.M. 4Lh December, 1G41 ; M.B. 10th Decem-
ber, 1G42. He then went mto Italy, studied at Padua,
and at the same time held the office of Eng-Hsh consul
in that city.'"' He took the degree of doctor of medi-
cine at Padua, and, returning to England, was incor-
})orated at Oxford 14th. April, 1648. He was admitted
a Candidate of the College of Physicians 31st March,
LG54, and a Fellow 20th October, 1664. I meet with
him as Censor in 1676 ; Harveian Orator, 1681 ; Elect,
5th Septembei', 1682; Treasurer, 1683, 1684, 1685;
Consiliarius, 1687 ; and President, 1688. He resigned
his office of Elect, on account of age and infirmities,
11th December, 1691, and, dying in 1697, was buried
at Ruislip, in Middlesex, where he is commemorated by
the following inscription : —
Here lyeth y® body of
George Rogers, D"" of Pbysick,
■who married Elizabeth, y° eighth daughter of John Hawtrey, Esq.,
of RisHp, in the county of Middlesex,
and had by her three daughters, intei'red in this chancel,
and three sons surviving, George,
Thomas, and John.
He departed this life
22nd January, Anno Dom. 1697, aged 79.
Walter Mills, M.D., a Londoner. On the 31st
March, 1643, being then twenty years of age, he was in-
scribed on the physic line at Leyden, where he gradu-
ated doctor of medicine, and was incorporated on that
degree at Oxford, 13th June, 1653. He was admitted
a Candidate of the College of Physicians 31st March,
1654, and a Fellow 20th October, 1664.
ZuRiSHADDEUS Lang, M.D., was born in London 29 th
March, 1619, and on the 1st May, 1647, was entered on
the physic line at Leyden. He graduated doctor of
medicine at Padua in October, 1649 ; was incorporated
at Oxford 9th February, 1653-4 ; and was admitted a
* Evelyn's Diary, anno 1665, and Aug. 1-5, 1682.
:U8 ROLL OF THE [l6G4
Candidate of the College of Physicians 26th June, 1654 ;
and a Fellow 20th October, 1664. In 1690 he purchased
the lordship of Bacons thorp, in the county of N^orfolk,
and dying there 8th June, 1692, set. 73, was buried in
the parish church, where a monument commemorates
liim thus : — -
Hie jacet raortale depositum Zurishadd.ei La\g, M.D.
de parochia S. Brigidae, alias St. Bride's, Londini,
Socii CoUegii Regalis Medicorum Londinensiam,
et hujus ecclesiae parochialis Patroni.
jSTatus in parochia Catlierin£e Christi alias S. Katherine's Creed
Churcli, Londini, 29 die Martii, a.d. 1619. Denatus in villa Bacons-
thorpe in comitatu Norfolcise 8 die Junii, A.D. 1692. Vixibannos 73,
menses 2, dies 9. Johannes Lang, proles unica, moeroris ergo posuit
Augusti 24, 1698.
His son, John Lang, of Baconsthorpe, esquire, died in
September, 1754, and left great part of his estate to the
E,ev. Mr. Girdlestone, rector of the church.
John Betts, M.D., was the son of Edward Betts by
his wife Dorothy (Venables). He was born at Win-
chester, and educated at the collegiate school there,
whence he was elected, in 1642, a scholar of Corpus
Christi colleo^e, Oxford, He took his des^ree of A.B. 9tli
February, 1646; but, being ejected by the parliamentary
visitors in 1648, applied himself to physic, and accumu-
lating his degrees, proceeded doctor of medicine 11th
April, 1654. He was admitted a Candidate of the
College of Physicians 30th September, 1654, and a
Fellow 20th October, 1664. He was a member of the
church of Bome, but whether by birth or conversion does
not appear. His position in the College would seem to
have been influenced by his religious opinions, and the
varying tendencies of the times in which he lived.'"'
Dr. Betts was Censor in 1671, 1673, 1685, 1686, and
was named an Elect 25th June, 1685. He was one of
the physicians in ordinary to Charles II. On the first
* " Joannes Betts qui ob suam in Pontificis Romani superstitione
contumaciam, Collegio exclusus fuit anno 1679, sed 1684 resti-
tutus." Dr. Middleton Massey's MS. notes.
1(jG4] royal college of physicians. 319
of July, 1689, he was returned to the House of Lords
as ''a Papist;" and on the 25th October, 1692, was
threatened with the loss of his place as an Elect, if he
chd not take the oath of allegiance to the King. He did
not take the oath, but was not disturbed in his position,
probably on account of his age. Dr. Betts was dead on
the 15th May, 1695, when Dr. Hulse was named an
Elect in his place. He was buried at St. Pancras.""
He was the author of —
De Ortu et IS'atura Sanguinis. 12mo. Lond. 1669. Anatomia
Thomse Parri, annum centisimum quinquagesimum secundum et
novem menses agentis ; cum clarissimi viri Galielmi Harvaei, ali-
oramque adstantium medicorum regiorum observationibus.
John Twysden, M.D. — A native of Kent, and a doc-
tor of medicine of Angers of 1646, incorporated at Ox-
ford 6th November, 1651 ; was admitted a Candidate
of the College of Physicians 22nd December, 1654 ; and
a Fellow, 20th October, 1664. He was the author of
the following works : —
Medicina Veteram Vindicata ; or, an Answer to a Book entitled
Medela Medicinee. Lond. 8vo. 1G66.
Answer to Medicina Instaurata. Lond. 8vo. 1666.
The Use of the Great Planisphere, called the Anulemma, in the
Resolution of some of the chief and most useful Problems of Astro-
nomy. Lond. 4to. 1685.
John Frier, M.D,, was a grandson of John Fryar,
M.D., who died of the plague 21st October, 1563, and a
son of Thomas Frier, M.D., who died in 1623, both of
whom were Fellows of the College of Physicians, and
have been already mentioned. The subject of our pre-
sent notice was a doctor of medicine of Padua of 6th
April, 1610, and was admitted a Candidate of the Col-
lege of Physicians 25th June, 1612. He lived in Little
Britain ; and on the 29th March, 1626, was returned to
the parliamentary commissioners, by the College, as " an
avowed or suspected Papist." This was probably the
reason he was not admitted a Fellow, as it was without
* Lysons's Environs, vol. iii, p. 354.
320 ROLL OF THE [lGG4
doubt the cause of bis brother, Thomas Frier, M.D.,
having beeu refused admission as a Candidate. More
than half a century elapsed ere Dr. John Frier moved
from the rank of Candidate. In December, 1864, when
Honorary Fellows were first created, he was placed at
the head of the list. He did not long survive, but died,
as we learn from "Smith's Obituary," at his house in
Little Britain, on the 12th November, 1672, at the
patriarchal age of 96. His portrait was painted and en-
graved by R. W hite.
If Lysons is to be believed. Dr. Frier sullied his fair
fime by an act of gross dishonesty : " The Manor of
Harlton, co. Cambridge, was purchased of the Barnes
family by Thomas Fryer, M.D., who died in 1623, as
appears by his monument in Harlton Church. His son
Henry, by his last will, bearing date 1631, left this
manor and all his other estates, subject to a perpetual
annuity to Mary Wollascot and her heirs, to charitable
uses, without specifying how they should be disposed
of, with the exception of 35/. per annum appropriated
to the poor of Harlton, and some smaller sums to cer-
tain parishes in London. Mr. Fryer, very soon after his
will, was killed in a duel at Calais; and his elder brother,
John Fryer, M.D., who had been disinherited by his
father, having secreted the will, kept possession of the
estates as heir-at-law, and it was not till after his death,
in 1672, that the will was discovered. By a decree of
the Court of Chancery, made in the year 1676, the
whole of the estates were vested in the governors of
Christ's Hospital for the benefit of that noble establish-
ment, subject to the payment of the specific sums men-
tioned in Henry Fryer's will.""
Dr. Thomas Frier, above mentioned, a brother of Dr.
John Frier, was a doctor of medicine of Padua, of 19th
March, 1614. He was examined at our College on the
lOtli November, 1615, and approved for the first time,
but was not again examined till the 6th December,
1622, Tmder which date I find the following entry :
* Ljsons's Cambridgesh're, p. 206.
1G64] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 321
"Comparuit Doctor Thomas Frier, junior, examinandus,
ut petit, in Candidatum ut avus, pater, frater : exami-
natus ita respondit ut singulis D.D. Censoribus appro-
baretur, pro 2'"** examinatione," On the 19th December
he was again examined : " Comparuit Dr. Friar 3*'° ex-
aminandus. Interrogatus a Prseside et tribus Censori-
bus approbatus pro tertia vice." At the Comitia Majora
next ensuing (22nd December, 1622), he was proposed
bj the President for admission as a Candidate, but on
being ballotted for, was refused : " Dr. Thomas Friar,
jun'', a Domino Prseside proponitur pro Candidato, sed
a majore parte prgesentium, fabis rejicitur — fidehtatis
tamen erga Regem deposcens juramentum suscipit 30
Jan" sequent." On this 30th January, 1622-3, a final
but unsuccessful effort was made for his admission :
" Dr. Thomas Frier jun'" iterum a Prseside propositus,
negatur fabis xj. sed juramentum fidelitatis sponte sus-
cipit.'' Of his subsequent career I can recover no par-
ticulars.
Sm John Colladon, M.D., was a doctor of medi-
cine of Cambridge of 23rd November, 1635, and was
elected an Honorary Fellow of the College of Physicians
in December, 1664. He was naturalized 14 Charles II,
and was one of the physicians to the queen.
Sir Thomas Browne, M.D. — This learned physician
and distinguished writer was descended from an ancient
family settled at Upton in Cheshu-e. He was the son
of Mr. Thomas Browne, an eminent London merchant,
by his wife Anne, the daughter of Paul Garraway of
Sussex, and was born in the parish of St. Michael, in
Cheapside, 19th October, 1605. He was educated at
Winchester, whence he was removed, in the beginning
of 1623, to Oxford, and entered a fellow-commoner of
Pembroke college, then called Broadgates hall. He
proceeded A.B. 31st January, 1626-7 ; A.M. 11th June,
1629 ; and then, devoting himself to medicine, practised,
as we are told by Wood^ for some time in Oxfordshire.
VOL. I. Y
322 ROLL OF THE [1664
He next accompanied his step-fatlier, Sir Thomas But-
ton, to Ireland ; subsequently he proceeded to France,
studied for a time at Montpelier, and then, making the
tour of Italy, and residing some time at Padua, on his
way home visited Holland, and at Leyden took the de-
gree of doctor of medicine in 1633. He then settled as
a physician at Shipden hall, near Halifax, and in his
leisure hours began the work, " Heligio Medici," which
has immortalised his name. In 1636, on the invitation
of Sir Nicholas Bacon, and other influential persons in
the county of Norfolk, and at the strong recommenda-
tion of his former tutor, JJr. Thomas Lushington, rector
of Burnham Westgate, he settled in Norwich, and on
the 11th July following (1637), was incorporated at
Oxford on his doctor's degree. In 1641 he married
Dorothy, the fourth daughter of Edward Mileham, esq.,
of Burlingham St. Peter, by which union his connec-
tions in the county were greatly extended, his wife's
family being numerous, and allied to several families of
note in Norfolk. The publication of an unauthorised
and very imperfect edition of his " Religio Medici," in
1642, and yet, more, the appearance of a corrected edi-
tion, published under his own auspices, at once brought
him into public notice. From the first he acted on the
principle which he was wont to impress on others,
" secretum medicorum est judicium,"'"' His reputation
at Norwich rose to the highest pitch, and for many
years he engrossed the whole of the professional confi-
dence and emoluments of that city and neighbourhood.
Editions of the " Beligio Medici " appeared in rapid
succession, and his fame, both at home and abroad, was
fidly maintained by the publication of other treatises,
which, if not equal to his first work, were, nevertheless,
highly creditable to him as a scholar, a critic, and a
gentleman. In December, 1664, he was elected an
Honorary Fellow of the College of Physicians, as a per-
son '• virtute et literis ornatissimus," and on the 28th
* Wilkin's Life of Sir Thomas Browne, vol. i, p. ^^7.
1064] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 323
September, 1671, he received the honour of knighthood
from Charles II, then on his way through Norwich.
Sir Thomas Browne died on his birthday, 19th Octo-
ber, 1682, aged 11 , and was buried in the church of St,
Peter's Mancroft, Norwich, where a monument with
the following inscription was soon afterwards placed by
his widow :
M.S.
Hie situs est
Thomas Browne, M.D.
et Miles.
Anno 1605 Londini natus,
generosa familia apud Upton in agro Cestrensi oriundus,
Schola primam Wintoniensi,
postea in Coll : Pembrok :
apnd Oxonienses, bonis literis
baud leviter imbutus ;
. in urbe hac Nordovicensi Medicinam,
arte egregia et felici successu, professus,
scriptis, quibus tituli, Religio Medici,
et Pseudodoxia Epidemica aliisque
per orbem notissimus.
Vir pientissimus, integerrimus, doctissimus.
Obiit Octobris 19, anno 1682.
Pie posnit masstissima Conjux
D*^ Doroth Br.
Near the foot of this pillar lies
Sir Thomas Browne, knight,
and doctor in physick,
author of Religio Medici and other learned books,
who practised physick in this city 46 years,
and died October 19, 1682, in the 77th year of his age.
In memory of whom,
Dame Dorothy Browne,
who had been his affectionate wife 41 years,
caused this monument to be erected.
On the 10th December, 1840, a letter from Mr. Ro-
bert Fitch was read at the Society of Antiquaries, giv-
ing an account of the discovery of the remains of Sir
Thomas Browne, in the church of St. Peter's Mancroft,
together with an impression of the coffin-plate, which
bears the following inscription :
Amplissimus Vir D'us Thomas Browne, Miles, Medicinae Dr. Annos
natus 11 . Denatus 19 die Octobris anno D'nj 1682, hoc loculo in-
dormiens. Corporis spagyrici pulvere plumbum in aurum convertit.
Y 2
324 ROLL OF THE [1664
The coffin, which the inscription so quaintly describes
as converted into gold, was found actually converted
into carbonate of lead, a transition unusual for a period
so comparatively short as 160 years. The bones were
in good preservation, — the forehead low, the head long,
the brain copious, and the hair profuse. The colour of
the last corresponded with the portrait of Sir Thomas,
which is preserved in the vestry room of the church.
" Of the brilliant qualities of the mind of Sir Thomas
Browne, the reader may judge by consulting his works.
For an account of his minute peculiarities we are in-
debted to the hand of friendship, Mr. Whitefoot, who
knew him intimately, says, his complexion and hair
were like his name, brown, his stature moderate, his
habit of body neither fat nor lean. In his clothing he
had an aversion to all finery, and aftected plainness both
in the fashion and ornament. He kept himself always
very warm, and thought it most safe so to do, though
he never loaded himself with such a multitude of gar-
ments as Suetonius reports of Augustus, enough to'
clothe a good family. He was never seen to be trans-
ported with mirth or dejected Tvith sadness. Always
cheerful, but rarely merry ; seldom heard to break a
jest, and when he did he would be apt to blush at the
levity of it ; his gravity was natural, without affec-
tation. Parsimonious in nothing but his time, whereof
he made as much improvement with as little loss as any
man in it ; when he had any to spare from his prac-
tice, he was scarce patient of any diversion from his
study, so impatient of sloth and idleness that he would
say he could not do nothing. He understood most of
the European languages, Latin and Greek critically,
and a httle Hebrew. He went to church constantly
when he was not prevented by his practice, and never
missed the sacrament of his parish, if he was in town
(Norwich). He read the best English sermons he could
hear of, and delighted not in controversies. He might
have made good the old saying, ' dat Galenus opes' had
he lived in a place that could have afforded it, but there
1664] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 325
was small scope at Norwich to acquire great professional
gains." From the examination of his different works,
all exhibiting very great talent, ingenuity, and acquire-
ment, he will appear to have fully merited the distinc-
tion conferred upon him by the College of Physicians
when they chose him an honorary fellow of their body ;
and to have abundantly deserved the character given of
him on that occasion — virtute et literis ornatissimus —
eminently embelhshed with literature and virtue. But
it is not, continues Dr. Macmichael,""" on the praises of
others, but on his own writings that he is to depend for
the esteem of posterity, of which he will not easily be
deprived, while learning shall have any reverence among
men ; for there is no science in which he does not dis-
cover some skill, and scarce any kind of knowledge,
profane or sacred, abstruse or elegant, which he does not
appear to have cultivated with success. However, if
his style has great excellencies, it must be allowed that
it is not without its fiaults. The pen of Johnson has
characterized it as " vigorous, but rugged ; learned, but
pedantic ; deep, but obscure," with other pointed anti-
theses, in a manner not altogether free from the defects
which he is himself reprehending. " He fell into an
age," continues Johnson, " in which our language began
to lose the stability which it obtained in the time of
Elizabeth ; and was considered by every writer as a sub-
ject on which he might try his plastic skill by moulding
it according to his own fancy. Milton, in consequence
of this encroaching licence, began to introduce the Latin
idiom ; and Browne, though he gave less disturbance to
our structures and phraseology, yet poured in a multi-
tude of exotic words ; many indeed useful and signi-
ficant, which, if rejected, must be supplied by circum-
locution, such as ' commensality' for the state of many
living at the same table ; but many supeifluous, as ' a
paralogical ' for an unreasonable doubt ; and some so
obscure that they conceal his meaning rather than ex-
plain it, as ' arthritical analogies' for parts that sei-ve
* Lives of British Physicians, 2nd edition. 8vo. Lond. 1857, p. 80.
326 ROLL OF THE [1664
some animals in place of joints. His style is indeed a
tissue of many languages — a mixture of hetero_2:eneous
words, brought together from distant regions, with terms
originally appropriated to one art and drawn by violence
into the service of another. He must, however, be con-
fessed to have augmented our philosophical diction ;
and in defence of his uncommon words and expressions,
we must consider that he had uncommon sentiments,
and was not content to express in many words that idea
for which any language could supply a single term. But
his innovations are sometimes pleasing and his teme-
rities happy ; he has many ' verba ardentia ;' forcible
expressions, which he would never have found but by
venturing to the utmost verge of propriety ; and flights
which would never have been reached but by one who
had very little fear of the shame of falling."*
The College of Physicians possesses a good portrait of
this distinguished physician. Although I can find in
the Annals no mention of the donor, we shall not, pro-
bably, be far from the truth, if we attribute it to Dr.
Edward Browne — Sir Thomas's son — a distinguished
Fellow and President of the College.
The following is a list of Sir Thomas Browne's more
important writings :
Religio Medici. 8vo. Lond. 1642.
Pseudodoxia Epidemica ; Enquiries into very many received Tenets
and commonly presumed Truths, or Enquiries into vulgar and
common Errors. Folio. Lond. 1646. Sixth edition, 1672, 4to.
Hydriotaphia ; or. Urn Burial. A discourse of the Sepulchral
Urns lately found in Norfolk. 8vo. Lond. 1658.
The Garden of Cyrus ; or, the Quiucuncial Lozenge, or Network
Plantations of the Ancients, artificially, naturally, and mystically
considered, with sundry Observations. 8vo. Lond. 1658.
Certaine Miscellaneous Tracts. 8vo. Lond. 1680.
Others of his writings were not published until after
his death, viz. :
Repertoi'ium of the Antiquities of the Cathedral Church of Nor-
wich.
* Johnson's Life of Sir Thomas Browne.
i
1664] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 327
An Account of some Urns, &c., fennel at Brampton in Norfolk,
anno 1667.
Letters between Sir William Dugdale and Sir Thomas Browne of
Norwich, M.D.
Lastly, in 1716, there was published in 12mo.' —
Christian Morals, by Sir Thoraas Browne, of Norwich, M.D.,
printed from the original MSS. by John Jeffery, D.D., Archdeacon
of Norwich.
Sir Thomas Browne's collected works have been seve-
ral times published. The last and best edition (with a
very complete biographical memoir) is that by Simon
Wilkin, Esq., in 4 vols. 8vo. Lond. 1836.
William Denton, M.D., was the youngest son of
Sir Thomas Denton, of Hillesden, in the county of
Bucks, knight, high sheriff of the county in 1599, and
member of Parliament for Bucks in 1603, 1614, and
1620. Our physician was baptized at Stowe in Novem-
ber, 1605, and was educated at Magdalen hall, Oxford,
as a member of w"hich he proceeded doctor of medicine,
10th October, 1634. He was admitted an Honorary
Fellow of the College of Physicians in December, 1664.
Dr. Denton was physician to Charles I and Charles II.
He died in March, 1691, in the 86th year of his age, at
Hillesden, where a monument to his memory is thus in-
scribed :
Near this place lies interred
Dr. William Denton,
youngest son of Sir Thomas Denton, of Hillesdon, knight.
He was physician to King Charles I and II.
He married Catherine,
daughter of Bostock Fuller, of Tandridge Court,
in the county of Surry, esquire,
by whome he had Anne, his only daughter and heir,
the wife of Sir Edward Nicholas, knight.
Principal Secretary of State to King Charles I and II.
He died in March, 1691, in the 86th year of his age,
blessed with that happy composition of body and mind,
that preserved him chearfull, easy, and agreeable to the last,
and endeared him to all that knew him.
He was the author of —
328 ROLL OF THE [1664
Horffi SnbsecivEe ; or, a Treatise showing the original grounds,
reasons, and provocation necessitating our sanguinary Laws against
Papists made in the days of Queen Elizabeth, and the gradations by
which they ascended into that severity. 4to. Lond. 1664.
The Burnt Child dreads the Fire; or, an Examination of the
merits of the Papists relating to England : mostly from their own
pens, in Justification of the late Act of Parliament for preventing
Dangers which may happen from Popish Recusants. 4to. Lond.
1675.
Jus Caesaris et Ecclesige vere dictae Anglise. Folio. Lond. 1681.
A half-length portrait of Dr. Denton, in the full
dress of his degree, with hair very long and loose, is at
Middle Clay don Louse, Bucks."" ^|
Aaron Gourdan, M.D., was born in Hampshire, and
on the 19th June, 1627, being then a bachelor of arts,
was admitted of Jesus college, Cambridge, as a member
of which he proceeded A.M. He was admitted a fellow of
Queen's college, 11th January, 1630-1, but had already
vacated that office in October, 1633. He graduated doctor
of medicine at E-heims in April, 1634. On the 7th No-
vember, 1640, having then been practising for four years
and a half in London without a hcence, he was cited
before the College and admonished. He was elected
an Honorary Fellow in December, 1664.
Sir Kichard Napier, M.D., was educated at Wad-
ham college, Oxford, and as a member of that house
proceeded bachelor of arts 4th December, 1626. On
the 31st December, 1627, he was actually created master
of arts in the house of Convocation, by virtue of the
chancellor's letters, which stated that he was a kinsman of
the duchess of Richmond, and a person well deserving in
all that is necessary in a gentleman and scholar. He re-
moved fromWadham to AUSouls college, and waselected
a fellow of tliat house. He was created doctor of medi-
cine at Oxford, 1 November, 1642, and about the same
time had the honour of knighthood conferred upon him.
He was incorporated on his doctor's degree at Cam-
* Lipscomb's Bucks, vol. i v 185 and iii, p. 17.
1664] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 329
bridge in 1663, and was admitted an Honorary Fellow
of the College of Physicians in December, 1664. Wood'^'
says, " He was one of the first members of the Royal
Society, a great pretender to virtu and astrology ; made
a great noise in the world, yet did little or nothing to-
w^ards the public. He died in the house of Sir John
Lenthall, at Bessill's Lee, near Abingdon, in Berks, I7th
January, 1675, and was buried on the 19th in the church
of Linford, Bucks, the manor of which did belong to
him ; but after his death his son Thomas sold it for
19,500/. or thereabouts. The said Sir Pdchard drew up
a book containing a collection of nativities, which is now
in MSS. in the hands of Elias Ashmole, Esq." In 1652
he gave to tlie College library the Greek Commentators
on Aristotle, in thirteen volumes splendidly bound.
Robert Napier, M.D., was the eldest son of Sir
Robert Napier of Linton, by his first wife, Ann Tyring-
ham.t He was a doctor of medicine of Padua of 29th
August, 1662 ; and was admitted an Honorary Fellow
of the College of Physicians in December, 1664. Dyingin
1670 he was buried on the 6th October at Great Linford.
Sir John Hinton, M.D. — On the 6th February,
1634, Dr. Hinton, being then a doctor of medicine, of
what university is not stated in the Annals (but pro-
bably of Leyden, where on the 10th April, 1633, he was
entered on the physic line being then thirty years of
age), and a practitioner in midwdfery, presented himself
at the Censors' board, but was not examined, as he had
not then been engaged in practice for the statutable
period of four years. " Comparuit coram Censoribus
Ds. Dr. Joan. Hinton, qui se obtulit examinationi. Ve-
rum cum per statuta CoHegii compertum sit neminem
posse examen subire qui non prius exercuerit praxin
per annos quatuor, quod rogatus profiteri nolebat, idee
tunc examinatus non est. Verum ciun se tam lubenter
* Fasti Oxon, vol. ii, p. 712.
t Hutchin's Dorset, vol. iv, p. 268.
330 ROLL OF THE [l664
examinandum prsebuisset, et quod exerceat artem ob-
stetricatus reipublicse perquam necessariam, D Prsesi-
dens et Censores lubenter ei gratiam libere practicandi
concedunt usque dum per statuta Collegii examina-
tionem subire poterit. Et insuper banc ei indulgent
gratiam ut ciim fuerit examinatus pro Candidatu, se-
nioris Candidati locum ipso facto obtinebit non aliter
quam si prius fuisset examinatus." On the 7tb No-
vember, 1640, he appeared at the College, and pre-
sented letters from the earl of Dorchester, testifying
that he had been appointed physician to the Queen.
Sir John Hinton and his family were eminently loyal,
and took an active part in the exciting events of their
time. One of his brothers was killed at the isle of
E,hee, another was miserably wounded and permanently
disabled in the rebellion, and a third served the royal
cause in a civil capacity to the end of his life. Our
physician began his political career by promoting a
petition for peace to the Long Parliament. For this
he was repeatedly examined before the House of Com-
mons, and ere long found it necessary to fly from his
family and home. He joined the king at York, marched
with the army to Beverley, Hull, and Nottingham, and
was present and engaged at the battle of Edge hill.
Accompanying the army to Oxford, he was there created
doctor of medicine 1st November, 1642, and about the
same time was honoured by the king with the appoint-
ment of physician in ordinary to his eldest son — the
future Charles II. By the king's command he attended
the queen, then " great with child and w^eake, having
fitts of the mother and a violent consumptive cough,"
to Exeter, where she gave birth to the princess Hen-
rietta. He attended the queen in her confinement, and
shortly afterwards saw his royal patient into Cornwall
and safely embarked for France. Dr. Hinton was for
some time at the Hague, in the suite of Charles II.
On his return to London he was placed in confinement
and frequently examined, but (to use his own words)
" by the means and intercession of some zealous women,
1664] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 331
my patients," was at length liberated, but still closely
watched, until the restoration. He was knighted by
Charles II, and w^as appointed physician in ordinary to
the king and queen. He was admitted an Honorary
Fellow of the College in December, 1664. The chief
events of Sir John Hinton's life are detailed in a " Memo-
rial " presented by him to the king (Charles II) in 1679.
He concludes it as follows : — " Thus, Sir, did I spend
the principall part of my dayes and youth in the ser-
vice of y' Ma*'® and y'" Royall Father, att my own ex-
pence, by w'^'^ means and being engaged for severall of
y"" friends in the warrs and afterwards, I did contract
a debt of severall thousand pounds w''^ I have bin
forced to pay out of my owne labour. All w'^^ with ut-
most humility I lay before y"" Ma"*" confidently believing
that y'' Ma"® doth looke upon me as a faithfull subject
and carefull servant, and if it shall gratiously please y*"
Ma*'® to give some refreshment to mee in my last dayes,
by y'' favour to myself or children, I shall with much
satisfaction lay do wne my head in peace and cheerefully
leave them to endeavour y' Ma*'®' service as I have done
before them." I fail to recover the date of his death.
Joseph Coleston, M.D., of Padua, of 31st Decem-
ber, 1642, was admitted an Honorary Fellow of the
College of Physicians in December, 1664.
William Havesius, alias Hawes, M.D. — A doctor
of medicine of Padua of 12th January, 1644 ; incor-
porated at Oxford 8th July, 1663 ; was admitted an
Honorary Fellow of the College of Physicians in De-
cember, 1664.
William Parker, M.D., was a master of arts of
Oxford, incorporated on that degree at Cambridge in
1620, and a doctor of medicine of Bourges, of 27th
February, 1633-4. He was admitted an Honorary
Fellow of the College in December, 1664. One Wil-
332 HULL OF THE [1664
liarn Parker, doctor of physick of , in Kent, mar-
ried circa 1652 Judith, the second daughter of Roger
Beckwith of Oldboro', co. York, Esq.'"" Whether this
refers to the present William Parker, or to the Can-
didate of the College before mentioned (p. 296), is
doubtful.
Edwaed Deantry, M.D. — A doctor of medicine of
Oxford, but of what college or year I cannot discover ;
was admitted an Honorary Fellow of the College of
Physicians in December, 1664.
Sir William Langham, M.D., a Londoner born, of
Emmanuel college, Cambridge, A.B. 1645, was entered
on the physic line at Leyden 13th November, 1647,
being then twenty-two years of age, and graduated
doctor of medicine at Padua. He was incorporated at
Cambridge 22nd June, 1652, and was admitted an
Honorary Fellow of the College of Physicians in De-
cember, 1664.
Edward Warner, M.D., of Emmanuel college,
Cambridge, A.B. 1634, A.M. 1638, and a doctor of
medicine of Padua, of 14th May, 1648 ; was admitted
an Honorary Fellow of the College of Physicians in
December, 1664.
Andrew Meverell, M.D., was educated at Trinity
college, Cambridge, as a member of Avhich house he
proceeded A.B. 1641, A.M. 1645, M.D. 6th July,
1652. He was admitted an Honorary Fellow of the
College of Physicians in December, 1664.
George Bowle, M.D. — A doctor of medicine of
Leyden of 26th September, 1640 (D.M.I, de Vertigine),
was admitted an Honorary Fellow of the College in
December, 1664.
Sir Theodore de Vaux, M.D., was the son of
* Dugdalc's Visitation of Yorkshire, anno 1665.
1664] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 333
Thomas de Vaux, esq., of Covent garden, and was born
about the year 1628. He was a doctor of medicme
of Padua, of 30th October, 1655 ; and was admitted an
Honorary Fellow of the College of Physicians in De-
cember, 1664, He was incorporated at Oxford 5th June,
1668 ; was a fellow of the Royal Society, physician to
king Charles 11. and to Katharine the queen dowager.
He died in 1694, and was buried at Isle worth, in the
south aisle of which there is a monument with tlie fol-
lowing inscription : —
" Here lyeth the body of
Sir Theodore de Vaux, Kn*,
Physician in Ordinary to the late king Charles II.
and to Catlierine, Queen Dowager,
Fellow of the Royal Society,
and son and heir of Thomas de Vaux, Esq., of Covent Garden.
He died May 26, 1694,
anno getatis 66.
As also Judith de Vaux, his second wife, is interred here."
Sir Theodore de Vaux was the godson of, and was
named after. Sir Theodore de Mayerne, some of whose
writings he edited.
Theodore Diodati, M.D., was born in Geneva, and
on the 19th January, 1643, being then twenty-five years
of age, was entered on the physic line at Leyden, and
graduated doctor of medicine there 4th February, 1643.
He was admitted an Honorary Fellow of the College of
Physicians in December, 1664.
Matthew Bacon, M.D. — A doctor of medicine of
Padua, of 15th October, 1642 ; was admitted an Hono-
rary Fellow of the College of Physicians in December,
1664.
John Skinner, M.D. — A doctor of medicine of Ox-
ford (Magdalen hall), of 22nd May, 1647; was admitted
an Honorary Fellow of the College of Physicians in
December, 1664.
334 ROLL OF THE [1664
Thomas Timme, M.D.— A doctor of medicine of Cam-
bridge, of 3rd July, 1647, was admitted an Honorary
Fellow of the College in December, 1664.
Alexander Burnett, M.D., was a doctor of medi-
cine of Cambridge, of 1648 ; and was admitted an
Honorary Fellow of the College of Physicians in De-
cember, 1664. Dr. Burnett resided in Fenchurch-street,
and was the ordinary medical attendant of Pepys the
diarist. From his Diary we learn that Burnett died
of the plague 25th August, 1665. From the subjoined
statement, contained in a letter from Tellison to Dr.
Bancroft, it would appear that he fell a victim to his
own zeal, or, as some may perhaps think, to his teme-
rity : " Dr. Burnett, Dr. Glover, and one or two more
of the College of Physicians, with Dr. O'Dowd, who
w^as licensed by my lord's grace of Canterbury, some
surgeons, apotliecaries, and Johnson the chemist, died
all very suddeidy. Some say (but God forbid that I
should report it for truth) that these, in a consulta-
tion together, if not all, yet the greatest part of them,
attempted to open a dead corpse that was full of the
tokens, and being in hand with the dissected body,
some fell down immediately, and others did not outlive
the next day at noon."
Samuel Argall, M.D., was a native of Essex. On
the 27th August, 1644, being then twenty-three years
of age, he was entered on the physic line at Ley den, and
he graduated doctor of medicine at Padua 15th October,
1 649. He was incorporated at Oxford 1 1th March, 1651,
He was admitted a Candidate of the College of Physi-
cians, after the usual examinations, 25th June, 1652;
and was nominated and admitted an Honorary Fellow
in December, 1664.
Henry Tichburne, M.D. — A doctor of medicine of
Padua of 28th July, 1656 ; was admitted an Honoraiy
Fellow of the College of Physicians in December, 1664.
1664] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 335
Sir William Waldegrave, M.D., was one of a
family lono^ settled at Chewton in Somersetshire. He
was a doctor of medicine of Padua of 12th March, 16.59 ;
and was admitted an Honorary Fellow of the College
of Physicians in December, 1664. He was created a
Fellow of the College, by the charter of James II, anno
1686 ; but was not, so far as I can gather, present, and
admitted as such at the Comitia Majora Extraordinaria
of 12th April, 1687, which was specially convened for
the reception of the Charter and the admission of those
who were thereby constituted Fellows. Sir William
Waldegrave was, on the 1st July, 1689, returned to
the House of Lords by the College as a " papist," in
common with several other physicians. He was phy-
sician to the queen of James II, and, as we learn from
Bishop Burnet, was hastily summoned, along with Dr.
Scarburgh, to her Majesty, in 1688, shortly before the
birth of the prince of Wales, when she was in danger
of miscarrying.
Peter Balle, M.D., was entered on the physic line
at Leyden 13th January, 1659, being then twenty years
of age, and graduated doctor of medicine at Padua, 30th
December, 1660. He was admitted an Honorary Fel-
low of the College in December, 1664. Dr. Balle was
one of the original fellows of the Boyal Society.
Stephen Skinner, M.D., was born in Middlesex ;
and in 1638, being then about sixteen years of age, was
entered a commoner of Christ church, Oxford. Ere he
could take a degree, the rebellion commenced ; when
he left Oxford, and, proceeding to the continent, ap-
plied himself diligently to the study of arts and phi-
losophy. About 1646 he returned to England ; and,
the garrison of Oxford having that year surrendered to
the Parliamentary forces, he once more proceeded to
the university, and accumulated his degrees in arts,
that of master l^eing completed 10th November, 1646.
He then returned to the continent, visited France,
336 EOLL OF THE [lGG4
Italy, Germany, the Netherlands, &c., and studied for
a time at Leyden, where he was entered on the physic
line 4th November, 1653. Upon the renovation of the
university of Heidelberg by Charles Lewis, elector pala-
tine, he was there created doctor of medicine. He was
incorporated at Oxford on his doctor's degree in 1654,
and was admitted an Honorary Fellow of the College
of Physicians in December, 1664. Shortly after his in-
corporation at Oxford, he settled at Lincoln, where he
practised for several years with great success. " He
was," says Wood, " a person well versed in most parts
of learning, understood all books, whether old or new,
was most skilful in the Oriental tongues, an excellent
Grecian, in short, a living library. He died at Lincoln,
of a malignant fever, 5th September, 1667, and was
buried in the cathedral church of that city." Dr. Skin-
ner's published works were all etymological. A list of
them is given by Wood.'"'
Thomas King, M.D., was educated at Brazenose col-
lege, Oxford, and on the 22nd September, 1648, being
then twenty years of age, was entered on the physic
line at Leyden. As a master of arts and member of
Brazenose, then in actual service for the king in Oxford,
he was admitted bachelor of medicine 29th December,
1650. He did not proceed doctor of medicine until
1656, and was admitted an Honorary Fellow of the
College in December, 1664.
Edward Duke, M.D., was the third son of George
Duke, of Wandsworth, by his wife Catherine, daughter
of Bichard Braham. As a member of Gloucester hall,
he was created doctor of medicine at Oxford, 9th
August, 1660, and was admitted an Honorary Fellow
of the College of Physicians in December, 1664. Dr.
Duke married Elizabeth, daughter of Bobert Talmach,
of Helmingham.t
* Athense Oxon. vol. ii, p. 287.
t Suckling's Suffolk, vol. ii, p. 186.
i
1664] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 337
Edmund Meara, M.D., was the son of Dermitius
Meara, M.D., an Irish physician, and an author of some
reputation, who certainly practised for a time at Or-
mond, but subsequently, I believe, removed to Dublin.
The subject of our present notice was born at Ormond,
and graduated doctor of medicine at Rheims in 1636.
He practised at Bristol with great success. Dr. Meara
was admitted an Honorary Fellow of the College of
Physicians in December, 1664. He was the author of
Examea Diatribae Thomae Willisii Doctoris Medici et Prof. Oxo-
niensis de Febribus : Cui accesserunt Historiae aliquot Medicse rari-
ores. 12ino. Lond. 1665.
Thomas Champion, M.D., was admitted an Honorary
Fellow of the College in December, 1664. He is stated
in the Annals to have been a doctor of medicine of
Oxford of 21st July, 1644, but I can find no mention
in Wood's " Fasti " of his admission to the doctorate.
He is known to have been created bachelor of medicine
at Oxford 31st January, 1642-3.
William Bright, M.D. — A doctor of medicine of
Padua of 29th March, 1658, incorporated at Oxford
10th July, 1661, was admitted an Honorary Fellow of
the College of Physicians in December, 1664.
Nicholas Lempriere, M.D., was the fourth son of
Hugh Lempriere of Jersey, by his wife Elizabeth, daugh-
ter of Edward Dumaresque, and was of Caius college,
Cambridge, M.B. 1636, but a doctor of medicine of the
university of Caen in Normandy, of 11th October, 1639,
and was admitted an Honorary Fellow of the College
of Physicians in December, 1664.
William Fogarty, M.D. — An Irishman, and a doc-
tor of medicine of Angers of 27th June, 1644, was ad-
mitted an Honorary Fellow of the College in Decem-
ber, 1664. He was buried at St. Andrew's, Holborn,
vol. i. z
338 ROLL OF THE [lGG4
"from Newgate," says the Register, 7tli December,
1678.
Nicholas Stanley, M.D., was the son of the Rev.
Edward Stanley, D.D., head master of Wykeham's
school, Winchester. Dr. Nicholas Stanley was a fel-
low of New college, Oxford. He was entered on the
physic line at Leyden 10th August, 1654, beino- then
twenty-five years of age, and graduated doctor of medi-
cine in that university. He was incorporated on that
degree at Oxford 4th August, 1660. He was admitted
an Honorary Fellow of the College of Physicians in De-
cember, 1664. He practised with distinguished success
at Winchester, and, dying there in 1687, was buried in
the cathedral.
His son, of both his names, was also a physician,
and practised at Winchester. His monument in the
cathedral there bears the following inscription : —
NiCHOLAus Stanley, M.D.
obiit 6*° Septembris, a.d. 1710,
et suge a3tatis 52.
Abi Lector.
Hoc breve mihi sufficit epitaphiuin et placet si legas,
nee tui jam sis imraemor sepulchri.
Thomas Willis, M.D., was the son of Thomas Willis,
of North Henxsey, near Abingdon, by his wife Rachel
Howell, of an ancient family in Berkshire, and was born
27th January, 1621, at Great Bedwin, in Wiltshire. He
was educated by Mr. Edward Sylvester, a schoolmaster
of some reputation in the parish of All Saints, Oxford,
and in 1636 was entered at Christ church. He pro-
ceeded A.B. 19th June, 1639 ; A.M. 18th June, 1642 ;
and about that time bore arms for the king. He then
devoted himself to the study of medicine, and took his
degree of bachelor of medicine 8th December, 1646.
Entering on the practice of his profession, he regularly
attended the weekly market at Abingdon ; took a house
opposite Merton college, and at once appropriated one
of the rooms to the performance of divine service. There
1664] ROYAL COLLEGJE OF PHYSICIANS. 339
Mr. John Fell, afterwards dean of Christ church, whose
sister Dr. Willis had married, Mr. John Dolben, after-
wards archbishop of York, and Mr. llichard Alhstry,
subsequently provost of Eton, read the liturgy, and
administered the sacrament accordin_^ to the rite of
the church of England. In 1660, shortly after the Re-
storation, Dr. Willis was appointed Sedleian professor
of natural philosophy, in place of Dr. Joshua Cross,
ejected; and on the 30th October of the same year
(1660), was created doctor of medicine. He was one
of the early fellows of the Royal Society, and was
elected an Honorary Fellow of the College of Phy-
sicians in December, 1664.
In 1666 Dr. Willis, on the invitation of Dr. Sheldon,
archbishop of Canterbury, removed to London, and took
up his abode in St. Martin's-lane. The reputation he
had acquired at Oxford preceded him to town, and at
once introduced him to an extensive and lucrative prac-
tice : " in a very short time," says Wood,"" "he became
so noted and so infinitely resorted to for his practice,
that never any physician before went before him, or got
more money yearly than he." Dr. Willis, if not the
regular physician to the Duke of York, afterwards
James II, or to some members of his family, was cer-
tainly consulted on the state of health of the male chil-
dren of that prince by his first wife, all of whom were,
it seems, suffering more or less from disease originating
in the amours of their father. Dr. Willis spoke his
mind freely, but by doing so gave great offence, and was
never afterwards consulted. Bishop Burnet writes thus :
" The children were born with ulcers, or they broke out
upon them soon after, and all his sons died young and
unhealthy. This has, as far as anything that could not
be brought in the way of proof, prevailed to create a
suspicion that so healthy a child as the pretended prince
of Wales could neither be his, nor be born of any wife
with whom he had lived long. The violent pain which
his eldest daughter had in her eyes, and the gout which
* Athense Oxon, Vol. ii, p. 402.
z 2
340 ROLL OF THE [1664
early seized our present queen, are thought the dregs of
a tainted original. Willis, the great physician, being
called to consult for one of his sons, gave his opinion in
the words, ' mala stamina vitse,' which gave such offence
that he was never called for afterwards."
Dr. Willis died at his house in St. Martin 's-lane, 11th
November, 1675, and was buried in Westminster Abbey.
His monument bears the following inscription: —
Siste, properes licet quisquis es, Viator
Ne posthac doleas te tantiviri sepulchrum imprudeutem prseteriisse
Cujus forsan beueficio debetur quod ipse ad sepalclH'um
nondum perveneris.
Magnus lioc tuinulo Willisius conditur :
Celeberrimus ille Thomas Willisius, M.D.
ex ^de Christi Philosophise natui^alis
in florentissima Oxoniensi Acaderaia Professor, et non tantum
Carolo II '^"Rege sed et Europee universae,
Princeps Medicus.
Cujus laudes sane non capit sepulchrale marmor
Quibus orbis ipse vix sufficit.
In Arte Medica et Philosophia natural!
Exercenda, excolenda, promovenda quautopere inclaruerit
Norunt omnes turn exteri quam nostrates
Alterum testabuntur morbi innuraeri mirum in modum profligati.
Alteram arte non mediocri facta experimenta
Utrumque doctissimsB ipsius lucabrationes hodie attestantur
I^eque minus in pietate fuit insig-nis quam ingenio et eiuditione.
Regi in nequissimis temporibus fidelis
Ecclesise etiam oppressce obsequentissimus,
Quam non modo affectu dilexit, sed munificentia locupletavit
Fortuna adversa inconcussus :
Affluente eximie temperans.
In summa doctrine gloria humilis et modestus.
Pecunia eroganda in pauperes effusissimus
In suorum gratiam, frugi et providus
In se solumraodo parous.
Labori et vigiliis (heu ! nimis) indulgens ;
Quibus factum est ut aliorum vitam producendo suam
contraxerit
E vivis enim excessit pleuritide confectus
. / Atatis 63.
^"""^^ I Nati Christi, 1675.
" He left behind him," says Wood, " the character of
an orthodox, pious, and charitable physician ; and some
1GG4] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 341
years before his death he had settled a sum on the
church of St. Martin s-in-the-Fields, for the daily read-
ing of prayers early and late to such servants and people
of the parish who could not, through multiplicity of busi-
ness, attend the ordinary service." " Though Willis w^as
a plain man," continues Wood, " a man of no carriage,
little discourse, complaisance, or society, yet for his deep
insight, happy researches in natural and experimentaJ
philosophy, anatomy, and chemistry, for his wonderful
success and repute in his practice, the natural smooth-
ness, pure elegancy, delightful unaffected neatness of
Latin style, none scarce have equalled, much less out-
done him how great soever." It is admitted, however,
that Dr. Willis's method of procedure in his inquiries
and in his writings was unfortunate for his reputation.
Instead of busying himself in observation and experi-
ment, he was exercised in framing theories. " Hence
it is," says Hutchinson,'"' " that, while his books show
the greatest ingenuity and learning, very little know-
ledge is to be drawn from them, very little use to be
made of them ; and perhaps no writings which are so
admirably executed and prove such uncommon talents
to have been in the writer, were ever so soon laid aside
and neglected as the works of Dr. Willis." Dr. Willis's
writings are as follows :
Diatribae duge Medico-philosophicae, quaram prior agit de Fer-
mentatione sive de motu intestino particularum in quovis corjoore ;
altera de Febribus sive de motu earundem in sanguine animalium.
HagEe Comitis, 1659 ; to whicli was appended, Dissertatio Epistolaris
de tJrinis.
Cerebri Anatome Nervorumque descriptio et usus. Lend. 8vo.
1664. With which was printed, De Ratione Motus Musculorum.
Pathologiee Cerebri et Nervosi Generis Specimen ; in quo agitur
de Morbis Convulsivis et de Scorbuto. Oxon. 4to. 1667.
Affectionum quae dicuntnr Hystericae et Hjpochondriacfe Patho-
logia Spasmodica, vindicata contra. Responsionem epistolarem Nath.
Highmore, M.D. Lond. 4to. 1670. To which were added, Exer-
citationes Medico-Physicffi duse : 1. De Sanguinis Ascensione : 2.
De Motu Muscular! .
* Biographia Medica, 2 vols. 8vo. Lond. 1799. Vol. 2, p. 484.
342 ROLL OF THE [1664
De Anima Brutorum, qure Homiuis vitalis ac sensitiva est, Exer-
citationes dua?; prior Ph^siologica, ejusdem naturam, partes, poten-
tias et affcctiones tradit ; altera Patliologica, morbos qui ipsam et
sedem ejus primariam nempe Cerebrum et Nervosum Genus afficiunt,
oxph'cat ; eorumqne Thei-apeias instituit. Oxon. 4to. 1672.
Pharmaceutice Rationalis ; sive Diatriba de Medicamentorum
Operationibus in Corpore Humano. Oxon. 1674.
Most of the above have been translated into English,
and Willis's collected works have been several times pub-
lished. The Amsterdam edition, by Professor Blasius,
4to. 1682, is incomparably the best. Dr. Willis's por-
trait, by Yertue, was engraved by Knap ton.
Richard Harris, M.D. — A doctor of medicine of
Padua, of 14th February, 1G48, was admitted an Hono-
rary Fellow of the College of Physicians in December,
1664.
Thomas Arris, M.D., was the eldest son of Edward
Arris, of London, a very distinguished surgeon, who was
Serjeant surgeon to the king, and in 1651 master of
the company of Barber Surgeons, who gave to the Com-
pany 510/. for the use of the public anatomy lectures on
the muscles ; and whose portrait, as one of their most
munificent benefactors, is in the hall. Thomas Arris
was educated at Brazenose college, Oxford ; he accu-
mulated his degrees in medicine, proceeding doctor
10th August, 1651, being licensed to do so by an order
from the committee for regulating the university, which
stated, among other things, that he was of thirteen
years' standing in the university, and was well affected
to the Parliament and present government. He was
incorporated, on his doctor's degree, at Cambridge in
1657 ; and in 1661 was chosen burgess for St. Alban's.
In December, 1644, he was elected an Honorary Fellow
of the College of Physicians.
Arthur Taylor, M.D., of St. John's college, Cam-
bridge ; A.B. 1637; A.M. 1641; and M.D. 1657;
was admitted an Honorary Fellow of the College of
1GG4] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 343
Physicians in December, 1G64. Dr. Taylor practised
at Winchester, and died tliere in 1G74.
Nicholas Carter, M.D., was matriculated as a
sizar of Clare hall, Cambridge, 17th December, 164G.
He graduated A.B. 1648-9, became fellow of his col-
lege shortly after, A.M. 1G52, M.D. per literas Kegias,
13th January, 16G4, and was admitted an Honorary
Fellow of the College of Physicians in December, 16G4.
Edward Gelsthorp, M.D., of Caius college, Cam-
bridge, 10th October, 16G3, was admitted an Honorary
Fellow of the College in December, 1GG4.
Henry Wivell, M.D., was of Christ's college, Cam-
bridge, M.D. 1st July, J GG2 ; and was admitted an Ho-
norary Fellow of the College in December, 1G64. He
was doubtless the Henry Wivell, doctor of physic, sixth
son of Sir Marmaduke Wivell, of Constable Burton,
knight and baronet, mentioned in Dugdale's Visitation
of Yorkshire, anno 1GG5.
Henry Glisson, M.D., was a son of William Glis-
son, of Rampisham, co. Dorset, and a doctor of medi-
cine of Cambridge, and was admitted an Honorary
Fellow of the College of Physicians in December, 1GG4.
He was brother to Dr. Francis Glisson, before men-
tioned.
John Christopher Moesler, M.D. — A doctor of
medicine of Cambridge, of 5th December, 16G4, was
in the same month admitted an Honorary Fellow of
the College of Physicians. The mandate for his degree
at Cambridge, dated 23rd November, 16G4, states that
he had been physician to the army of Charles I in Ire-
land.
Thomas More, M.D., was the second son of Samuel
More, of Linley, co. Salop, and was of Catherine hall,
344 ROLL OF THE [1664
Cambridge, A.B. 1649, A.M. 1656. He was a doctor of
medicine of Padua, of 18tli August, 1659, and was ad-
mitted an Honorary Fellow of the College of Physicians
in December, 1664. He died unmarried in August, 1697,
aged 69, and was buried in the church of Chilham, co.
Kent.
Thomas Man, M.D., was educated at Jesus college,
Cambridge, of which house he was a fellow. He gra-
duated doctor of medicine at Utrecht, 17th December,
1661, and was admitted an Honorary Fellow of the
College of Physicians in December, 1664. He died in
1690, and his memorial is in the church of Wollaton,
CO. Notts, against the north wall of the nave. It con-
sists of a scroll with a grotesque head, and an urn
with flame issuing from it. The inscription is as fol-
lows : —
Near unto this place
lyeth interred the body of
Thomas Man, doctor of physic,
and fellow of Jesus college, in Cambridge,
who died Anno Dom. 1690.
The parish register records his burial thus : —
" 1690. Thomas Man, medicinae D"", sepultu.s fuit vigesimo quarto
Septembris."
Timothy Van Uleter, M.D., was a bachelor of
arts of Cambridge, of 1650 (Magdalen college), and a
doctor of medicine of Caen, of 9th October, 1664 ; and
was admitted an Honorary Fellow of the College of
Physicians in December of the same year.
James Corsellis, M.D. — On the 24th November,
1649, being then only sixteen years of age, he was ma-
triculated at the university of Leyden, where he gra-
duated doctor of medicine 13th October, 1659. He was
admitted an Honorary Fellow of the College of Physi-
cians in December, 1664.
16G4] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 345
Thomas Trapham, M.D., was the son of Thomas
Trapham, surgeon-in-chief to Ohver CromwelL Dr.
Trapham was educated at Magdalen college, Oxford.
He had been demy of that college from 1G54 to 1661,
but in the last named year retired to Magdalen hall,
and as a member of that house proceeded master of
arts 14th May, 1661. He entered on the physic line
at Leyden, 1.5th February, 1663, and obtained his de-
gree of doctor of medicine at the university of Caen
17th October, 1664. He was admitted an Honorary
Fellow of the College of Physicians in December of the
same year. He was married on the 21st January,
1667, at Stoke Newington, to Mrs. Susannah Coxe.
Subsequently to this he went to Jamaica, and is sup-
posed to have been swallowed up by an earthquake in
that island in 1692. He was the author of
A Discoii]-se of the state of Health in the Island of Jamaica ;
with a provision therefor, calculated from the air, the place, and
the water, the customs and manner of living, &c. Lond., 8vo, 1679.
Nicholas Barbon, M.D. — A Londoner born ; was on
the 2nd July, 1661, being then twenty-four years of age,
entered on the physic line at Leyden. He graduated
doctor of medicine at Utrecht, I7th October, 1661, and
was admitted an Honorary Fellow of the College of
Physicians in December, 1664. He died in 1698. Dr.
Barbon was M.P. for Bramber ; the originator of fire
insurance companies ; and a v^iter on the currency.
John Glover, M.D., was probably born in America.
He was certainly educated in Harvard college. New
England, where he graduated bachelor of arts. As a
doctor of medicine of Aberdeen, of May 15th (Idibus
Mails), 1654, he was admitted an Honorary Fellow of
the College of Physicians in December, 1664. Dr.
Glover died of the plague, in 1665, under the circum-
stances I have mentioned when speaking of Dr. Alex-
ander Burnet.
34G ROLL OF THE [16G4
Samuel Woodcock, M.D.,was born in London, and
on the 16th August, 1655, being then twent3'-four
years of age, was entered on the physic line at Leyden.
He graduated doctor of medicine at Caen, 15th Novem-
ber, 1656; c\nd was admitted an Honorary Fellow of
the College of Physicians in December, 1664.
John Clark, M.D. — A doctor of medicine of Oxford
(Trinity college), of 2nd August, 1660, was admitted
an Honorary Fellow of the College of Physicians in
December, 1664.
Humphrey Whitmore, M.D. — " On the 9th Febru-
ary, 1648," says Wood, " he was actually created doctor
of medicine at Oxford, as a member of St. Mary's hall,
in virtue of letters addressed to Convocation by Fairfax,
the Parliamentary general, which stated that he was a
physician of note and eminence in those cities and towns
where he had lived, and that he had been a member of
both universities." He was admitted an Honorary Fel-
low of the College of Physicians in December, 1664.
Eobert Fielding, M.D., was educated at Balliol col-
lege, Oxford, of which society he was a fellow. He
was ejected from his fellowship by the Parliamentary
visitors in 1648 ; but proceeded doctor of medicine at
Oxford, as a member of Balliol, 14th December, 1653.
Dr. Fielding was admitted an Honorary Fellow of the
CoUege of Physicians in December, 1664. He prac-
tised in the city of Gloucester, where he was held in
much estimation, especially with the royalists, by whom
he was nominated alderman and mayor of Gloucester.
On the 2nd October, 1662, "R, Fielding appeared be-
fore Lord Herbert, Sir Robert Atkins, and others, the
Commissioners appointed under the Great Seal upon
the Kestoration to inquire into Corporations, and took
the formal oath then required, that the ' solemn league
and covenant was not binding.' By an order of the
Commissioners, ' Eobert Fieldinge, Dr. of physicke,'
1GG4] ROYAL COLLEGE OF THYSICIANS. 347
was put and placed into tlie office of alderman in the
pla(je of Lawrence Singleton, late one of the aldermen
of the said city, and the order proceeds to declare that
he should be the senior alderman of the city, and should
take his place accordingly. At Michaelmas, 1G64, he
was elected mayor of Gloucester."""'
John Fisher, M.D., was educated at Cambridge,
where he took the two degrees in arts, but was created
doctor of medicine at Oxford, 12th March, 1660. He
was admitted an Honorary Fellow of the College of
Physicians in December, 1664, and died in 1682.
Lancelot Harrison, M.D., was educated at Jesus
college, Cambridge, and as a member of that house pro-
ceeded A.B. 1637-8, A.M. 1641, and M.D. by mandate
1661. In 1662, he petitioned for the place of physician
to the queen, stating that he had hazarded life and estate
in the service of the king and other persons of quality.
He M-as elected an Honorary Fellow of the College of
Physicians in December, 1664, and was living at Faver-
sham in 1670.
EoBERT Grynder, M.D. — A doctor of medicine
" Academise Yalentise in Delphinatu," of 26th Septem-
ber, 1651, was admitted an Honorary Fellow of the
College of Physicians in December, 1664.
Thomas Laurence, M.D., was the son of a London
apothecary, and was entered at Merton college, Oxford,
in 1649. He remained there about two years ; but
being compelled to leave, on account of some extrava-
gancies, retired to St. Alban's hall, and, as a member
of that house, proceeded master of arts 28th June, 1655.
He graduated doctor of medicine at Padua, and was
admitted an Honorary Fellow of the College of Physi-
cians in December, 1664.
* Information from R. H. Frjer, Esq., Town Clerk of Gloucester.
348 ROLL OF THE [l6G4
Nicholas Davys, M.D.^A native of Devonshire ;
on the 11th April, 1637, being then twenty-two years
of age, he was inscribed on the physic line at Leyden,
in which university he graduated doctor of medicine.
He was incorporated on that degree at Oxford, 7th
August, 1660 ; and was admitted an Honorary Fellow
of the College of Physicians in December, 1664.
Edward Cooper, M.D. — A doctor of medicine of
Cambridge, was admitted an Honorary Fellow of the
College of Physicians in December, 1664.
Dennis Gourdon, M.D. — Of this and the two fol-
lowing phj'sicians I can recover no particulars. Dr.
Gourdon was admitiecl an Honorary Fellow in Decem-
ber, 1664.
Thomas Wilson, M.D., was, on the 25th February,
1650, being then twenty-six years of age, entered on
the physic line at Leyden. He was admitted an Ho-
norary FeUow of the College in December, 1664.
Henry Cavendish, M.D., was admitted an Hono-
rary Fellow of the College of Physicians in December,
1664.
John Bidgood, M.D., was the son of Humphrey Bid-
good, an apothecary of Exeter, and was born in that
city 13th March, 1623. At a fitting age he was sent
to Exeter college, Oxford, and shortly afterwards had
the misfortune to lose his father by poison. The
draught, prepared by his own servant, Peter Moor, was,
we are told by Prince, intended, not for him, but for
his wife. For this crime the villain was deservedly exe-
cuted at the Magdalen gallows in 1641. Shortly aftei"
this, Mr. Bidgood was elected a fellow of his college ;
and in 1647, without having taken a degree in arts,
was actually created bachelor of medicine. The uni-
versity v^^as now becoming too hot for the friends of
1664] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 349
legitimate government; and Bidgood was, in 1648, re-
moved from his fellowship by the Parliamentary visi-
tors : first, for non-submission, and secondly, for drink-
ing toasts to the confusion of reformers. He then
proceeded to Italy, studied for a time at Padua, and
having there taken his degree of doctor of medicine,
returned to England, and commenced practice at Chard
in Somersetshire ; but after a few years' continuance
there, settled in his native city, Exeter. His scientific
reputation had preceded him ; and though his manners
were haughty, morose, and repulsive, the skill he was
known to possess, his minute attention to the symp-
toms of every case submitted to him, and his accuracy
in diagnosis — " Bigodi sagacitatem et in diagnosticis
peritiam " — made his advice eagerly sought for, far and
near.
Dr. Bidgood was incorporated doctor of medicine at
Oxford, 20th September, 1660 ; and was admitted an
Honorary Fellow of the College of Physicians in De-
cember, 1664. He contributed 100/. towards the build-
ing of the college in Warwick lane ; and by the Char-
ter of James H. anno 1686, was created an Ordinary
Fellow, but was not present at the Comitia Majora
Extraordinaxia, of 12th April, 1687, specially called
for the reception of the Charter, and the admission of
new Fellows, and was never, as I infer, actually ad-
mitted as such. In August, 1662, Dr. Bidgood is met
with as a magistrate for the county of Devon. Prince,
who knew him weU, assures us that he reahsed a splen-
did fortune, represented by Wood as between 25,000/.
and 30,000/. He purchased the barton at Bockbeare,
Devon, still in the possession of his family ; and in the
'* Act Book " of Bishop Lamplugh, p. 137, it is recorded
that his lordship, on the 14th October, 1680, confirmed
to the doctor, his heirs and assigas, the north aisle of
the p Irish church of Bockbeare. Dr. Bidgood died at
his house in the cathedral Close, Exeter, 13th January,
1691, in the 68th year of his age. " Shortly before his
death," says Wood, " he desired pardon of the whole
350 ROLL OF THE [1664
world, and especially of several persons with whom he
had any animosity/' The doctor died a bachelor, and
left the bulk of his property to his kinsman, Humphrey
Bidofood. He was buried in Exeter cathedral near the
Lady chapel. The spot is indicated by the following
inscription : —
Here Ijeth tlie body of John Bidgood, Doctor of Phjsick, wlio
■was born the IStb March, 1623, and died the 13th January, 1690 ;
who, by education, study, and travel rendered himself one of the
most accomplished and beneficial physicians of his age.
His heir, Humphrey, soon after erected to his me-
mory a monument of blue marble, with the following
epitaph : —
Memorise
JoHANNis Bidgood, M.D.
Hac civitate iii. id. Martii nati
CIOICOXXIII.
Denato vero Idibus Januarii cioiocxc.
S.
Quern, si Ai*tis Medicaj
Anglicanique nominis
decus et ornamentum,
si Hippocratem, Galenum,
istiusve seeculi ^sculapium
dixeris,
verecunde dixeris viator.
John Yardley, M.D., was inscribed on the physic
line at Leyden 10th September, 1661. I fail to dis-
cover where he graduated. He was admitted an Hon-
orary Fellow of the College of Physicians in December,
1664. He J)^'flctised for several years at Bishop's Stort-
ford ; and, dying 29th October, 1697, aged 60, was
buried in the parish church, where a monument to his
memory bears the following inscription : —
Hie juxta situs est Johannes Yardley, M.D.
qui, postquam varias Europse regiones
perlustraverat, in patriam redux, omni
literarum genere abunde instructus,
in hoc demum oppido artem medicam
per plures annos cum laude
et f'eliciter exercuit :
1 66 5 J ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 351
Ob. 29 Octob. A.D. 1697, fet. sute GO.
Eodem tegitur sepulchre Alicia,
quod illi semper in votis f uerat ;
uxor erat raerito dilectissima,
mulier omni virtu turn gen ere ornata.
Ob. 10 Decemb. 1712, a3t. suae 65.
Ex bis orti sunt quatuor ; Alicia,
Elizabetha, Johannes, Carolus,
e quibus tres infantes sepulti jacent.
Johannes Yardley, M.D. filius eorum
unicus superstes, monumentuna hoc,
pro pietate sua erga parentes optimos,
poni curavit.
Nicholas Fortescue, A.B. — A bachelor of arts, of
Oriel college, Oxford, of May 19th, 1663 ; was admitted
an Extra- Licentiate of the College of Physicians in
May, 1665.
John Deiohton, an undergraduate of Trinity col-
lege, Oxford, then practising at Bristol, was admitted
an Extra-Licentiate of the College of Physicians 17th
June, 1665. One of his name, and a practitioner of
medicine, probably our Extra-Licentiate, is commemo-
rated in St. Nicholas church, Gloucester, thus —
John Deighton, of this citj, gent.
practitioner in physick and chirurgerj,
died 31st October, 1676, sat. 71.
Thomas Waldron, M.D., was the son of Thomas
Waldron, of Tenbury, co. Worcester, and on the 14th
November, 1634, being then fifteen years of age, was
matriculated at Balliol college, Oxford, and proceeded
doctor of medicine 4th July, 1653. He was admitted a
Candidate of the College of Physicians 9th April, 1655,
and a Fellow 26th June, 1665. He was incorporated
at Cambridge on his doctor's degree in 1668. Dr. Wal-
dron was physician in ordinary to Charles 11. and liis
household, and, dying on the 5th February, 1676-7,
was, as we learn from the register of Westminster
Abbey, buried, there on the 14th of that month. His
352 BOLL OF THE [1665
estate was administered to in the court there of the
Dean and Chapter 9th March following/"
Peter Barwick, M.D., was the son of Mr. George
Barwick of Wetherslack, co. Westmoreland, by his wife
Jane Barrow, and was born there in 1619. He was
educated at the grammar school of Sedburgh, co. York,
under Mr. Gilbert Nelson, whence at a fitting age he
was transferred to St. John's college, Cambridge, as a
member of which he took his degree of bachelor of arts
3rd December, 1642. In 1644 he was nominated to a
fellowship at St. John's, by Dr. Matthew Wren, bishop
of Ely, then a prisoner in the tower of London ; and
about the same time became private tutor to Mr. Ferdi-
nand Sacheverell, a Leicestershire gentleman. In 1647
he returned to Cambridge, proceeded master of arts,
and then applied himself to the study of physic. How
he disposed of himself for some few years after this is not
recorded, but it is assumed by his biographers, that he
was in the service of his sovereign, since it is certain he
was at Worcester in 1651, where he had access to
Charles II., who evinced a high sense of the fidelity of
his family. He was created doctor of medicine at Cam-
bridge, 3rd July, 1655, and on the 22nd December,
1655, was admitted a Candidate of the College of Phy-
sicians. Settling in St. Paul's churchyard shortly
afterwards, he married the widow of an eminent mer-
chant and a near relation of archbishop Laud. Dr.
Barwick soon got into good practice, and added much
to his reputation by the publication of a very j ud icious
defence of Harvey's doctrine of the circulation of the
blood. On the Restoration, in 1660, he was appointed
physician in ordinary to the king; and on the 26th June,
1665, was admitted a Fellow of the College. Dr. Bar-
wick's house in St. Paul's churchyard having been de-
stroyed in the great fire of 1666, he removed to West-
minster, where he continued to practice for many years
* Chester's Registers of Westminster Abbey, p. 190.
1665] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 353
with great eclat. He was Censor in 1674, 1684, 1687;
Elect, 26th March, 1685 ; and resigned that office, on
account of ill health and impaired sight, on the 6th
November, 1691. Dr. Barwick deserves honourable
mention as one of the few physicians who remained in
London and pursued the practice of their profession
during the plague of 1665. He is represented as a
very diligent physician, remarkably successful in the
treatment of small-pox and most kinds of fever. He
was kind to all who had suffered for the royal cause, to
which he was through life ardently devoted. With a
view to its service, he, in 1671, drew up in Latin, which
he wrote with unusual elegance and purity, the life of
his brother, Dr. John Barwick, dean of St. Paul's, and
deposited it, and the original papers in support of the
facts therein mentioned, in the library of St. John's
college, Cambridge. It was published with the follow-
ing title : —
Vita Joannis Barwick, S. Pauli Londini Decani, cum Appendice
Epistolarum. 8vo. Lond.
Dr. Barwick, beconaing totally blind in 1694, and
suffering very severely from stone, dedicated the re-
mainder of his life to the consolations of religion, and
the conversation of a few esteemed and intimate friends.
His sufferings from stone became more and more severe ;
towards the end of August, 1705, he was seized with
vomiting and purging, followed by an intermittent
fever, and this, in turn, by sudden and copious haemor-
rhage, which terminated his life 4th September, 1705,
in the 8 6th year of his age. Dr. Barwick was buried
in the church of St. Faith, beneath St. Paul's Cathedral.'"
" He was a man of a very comely person, equally re-
markable for the solidity of his learning and for a wonder-
ful readiness as well as elegance in expressing it. His
piety was sincere and sublime, his reputation absolutely
unspotted, his loyalty exemplary, and his modesty
almost without example. In all stations of life he was
* Vide Biograpliia Britannica.
YOL. L 2 A
354 ROLL OF THE [1666
admired and beloved, and he was of a cheerful and
serene mind in all situations. He was happy in the
universal approbation of aU parties, as he was himself
charitable to all, and never vehement but in the cause
of truth. He left an only daughter who married Sir
Kalph Button of Sherbourne, bart."
Arthur Dacrks, M.D., was the sixth son of Sir
Thomas Dacres, of Cheshunt, knight ; and was bap-
tized at Cheshunt, co. Herts, 18th April, 1624. He
was matriculated a pensioner of Magdalen college,
Cambridge, in December, 1642, and as a member of
that house proceeded A.B. 1645. He was chosen
fellow of Magdalen college 22nd July, 1646, commenced
A.M. 1649, and proceeded doctor of medicine 28th July,
1654. He was admitted a Candidate of the College of
Physicians 22nd December, 1655 ; and a Fellow 26th
June, 1665. He was Censor in 1672 ; and was elected
assistant physician to St. Bartholomew's hospital 24th
March, 1669. Dr. Dacres was ap})ointed Gresham pro-
fessor of Geometry 20th May, 1664, but resigned that
office on the 20th March following. He died in Sep-
tember, 1678.
IcHABOD Chauncey was the second son of Mr.
Charles Chauncey, at one time minister of Ware in
Hertfordshire, of whose sufferings in the High Com-
mission Court, Rushworth, in his " Historical Collec-
tions," has preserved a particular account. He was
suspended by Archbishop Laud, for refusing to read
the " Book of Sports," and having suifered for non-
conformity, by fines and imprisonment in his own
country, became an exile in New England. He ar-
rived there in 1638 ; and upon the removal of Mr.
Dunster, was made president of Harvard college, in
which office he continued till his death, 2nd February,
1671, leaving six sons, all bred to the ministry, and all
(if we may credit Mather''") inheriting from their father
* History of New England, b. iii, p. 140.
1667] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS, 355
a taste for and skill in medicine. Two of thena com-
bined the two professions. Ichabod, the subject of our
present notice, was entered a student of Harvard col-
lege in 1651. Coming to this country, he acted for
some time as a minister in the capacity of chaplain to
Sir Edward Harley's regiment at Dunkirk ; but, hav-
ing been silenced by the Bartholomew Act, he devoted
himself to medicine, and was admitted an Extra-Licen-
tiate of the College of Physicians 13th October, 1666.
He settled at Bristol, where he was indicted 9th April,
1684, under the Act of 35th Elizabeth, and sent to
Newgate ; and on the 15th of the same month sentence
of banishment was passed upon him, when he was made
to swear " that he would depart this city and nation
within three months from this port and no other, and
never return without the King's leave." He is said to
have been " very cheerful under all, though he had
been about four months in Newgate already," In obe-
dience to the sentence he left Bristol, and anxious to
utihze his banishment proceeded to Leyden, and on
the 29th September, 1684, entered himself on the
physic line there. He returned, however, to Bristol in
1686, and resumed the practice of his profession, and
dying there on the 25th July, 1691, aged 56, was buried
in St. Philip's church in that city.
Edward Warren was matriculated a sizar of Trinity
college, Cambridge, in December, 1649, and as a mem-
ber of that house proceeded A.B. 1652, A.M. 1656.^
He was admitted an Extra-Licentiate of the College of
Physicians 31st July, 1667. He practised at Col-
chester.
Andrew Tristram. — A native of Staffordshire, and
an undergraduate of Emmanuel college, Cambridge ;
was admitted an Extra-Licentiate of the College of
Physicians 5th November, 1667.
Samuel Collins, M.D., was of Trinity college, Cam-
2 A 2
356 ROLL OF THE [1668
bridge, and as a member of that house proceeded A.B.
1638-9, A.M. 1642. He graduated doctor of medi-
cine at Padua 25th August, 1651 ; was incorporated at
Oxford, 8th April, 1652, and at Cambridge, 2nd July,
1673. He was admitted a Candidate of the Colleofe of
Physicians llth September, 1656 ; and a Fellow, 25th
June, 1668. He was Censor in 1671 ; again on the 3rd
December, 1673, in place of Dr. Wharton, deceased; and
in 1678,1680,1681,1690, 1691,1693,1694, 1697, 1698,
1699, 1700, 1701 ; and, finally, on the 15th May, 1707,
in place of Dr. Charleton, deceased. He delivered the
Gulstonian lectures in 1675, was anatomy reader in
1684, and on the 10th September, 1694, was appointed
Lumleian lecturer in place of Sir Charles Scarburgh,
deceased, an office which he retained to his death. He
was constituted an Elect 4th October, 1689, to supply
the vacancy caused by Sir George Ent's resignation ;
was Consiliarius in 1692, 1693, 1696, 1697, 1700, 1701,
and from 1705 to 1709; President, 1695 ; and he died
on the llth April, 1710, being then in the 93rd year of
his age. Dr. Collins was an accomplished anatomist,
and stood foremost among his cotemporaries, whether
at home or abroad, in his knowledge of comparative
anatomy. His great, and, I believe, only work, em-
bodying a full report of his own original investigations,
and entitled " A system of Anatomy, treating of the
Body of Man, Beasts, Birds, Fish, Insects, and Plants,"
was published in London, in two folio volumes, in 1685.
It is often referred to by Boerhaave and Haller, the
latter of whom writes thus of the author and his work :
"Anatomen comparatam amavit ut ipse de se fatetur,
hinc magna pars operis in zootome versatur, cujus prse-
cipuus certe auctor est ; et avium pisciumque imprimis
copiosissimas figuras dedit, ad Peraltianum fere morem.
Ex homine icones pauciores sunt. Anatomen practi-
cam interponit, et physiologiam, anatomen, atque path-
ologiam conjungit." And again : " Vastum opus, par-
cius est in hominis anatome, in comparata uberius."'"
* Hallei^'s Biblioth. Anatom., vol. i, p. 715.
16G8] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 357
Dr. Collins's portrait, engraved by W. Fai thorn, is pre-
fixed to his Anatomy.
Abel Collier, M.D., was educated at Peterhouse,
Cambridge, where he matriculated as a pensioner in
March, 1645-6, and took the degree of bachelor of arts
in 1649 ; when, applying himself to the study of medi-
cine, he proceeded to Padua, and there took his degree
of doctor of medicine 14th January, 1654-5. He was
incorporated at Oxford on the 31st October following ;
was admitted a Candidate of the College of Physicians
11th September, 1656 ; and a Fellow 25th June, 1668.
His widow paid to the College on the 14th December,
1672, her husband's promised subscription of 20^. to-
wards the building of the college in Warwick-lane.
James Clarke, M.D. — A doctor of medicine of
Cambridge, of 26th September, 1657, was admitted a
Candidate of the College of Physicians 22nd December,
1657, and a Fellow 25tli June, 1668. Dr. Clarke was
dead on the 30th September, 1671, when Dr. Thomas
Allen was admitted a Fellow in his place.
James Cooke was admitted an Extra-Licentiate of
the College 7th December, 1668. He practised at Shep-
ton Mallet in Somersetshire.
Caspar Needham, M.D., was matriculated a sizar
at Peterhouse, Cambridge, in July, 1641, and took
the two degrees in arts, A.B. 1644, A.M. 1648 ; and
then, going to Oxford for the sake of the public library,
was incorporated, on his master's degree, 11th July,
1655. He proceeded doctor of medicine at Cambridge
in 1657 ; was admitted a Candidate of the College of
Physicians 22nd December, 1657 ; and a Fellow 22nd
December, 1668. Dr. Needham was one of the early
fellows of the Royal Society. He was Censor in 1673
and 1677 ; and dying on the 31st October, 1679, aged
57, was buried in the church of St. Bride's Fleet-street,
against the south wall of which was his memento : —
358 ROLL OF THE flG69
In meditullio liujus Terapli
jacet mortale depositum
Casperi Needham, Med. Doctoris,
qui scientia, pietate, beneficentia clarus,
suis charus,
priucipibus ac prtesulibus gratus,
amicis atque egenis desideratissimus.
Obiit 31 Octobris 1679,
tetatis 57.
William Marshall, M.D., was matricula,ted a sizar
of St, John's college, Cambridge, in December, 1637 ;
and as a member of that house proceeded A.B. 1640-1.
He was A.M. probably in 1644, and M.D. 7th July,
1652. He was admitted a Candidate of the College
of Physicians 5th April, 1669. We have from his pen —
Answers upon several Heads of Philosopby. 8vo. Lond. 1670.
Henry Clerke, M.D., was the son of Thomas Clerke,
of Willoughby, co. Warwick, esquire, and was educated
at Magdalen college, Oxford, of which house he was a
fellow. He accumulated his degrees in physic, pro-
ceeded M.D. 27th May, 1652, and was incorporated at
Cambridge in 1673. He was admitted a Candidate of
the College of Physicians 5th April, 1658, and a Fellow
25th June, 1669. He was admitted a fellow of the
Royal Society, 7th November, 1667. Dr. Clerke suc-
ceeded Dr. Pierce as president of Magdalen college,
Oxford, in 1672 ; and dying at Gaw thorp hall, Lanca-
shire, the seat of his son-in-law, Sir Pichard Shuttle-
worth, 24th March, 1686-7, was buried with his ances-
tors in the church of Willoughby, Warwickshire, where
a monument was erected, bearing the following inscrip-
tion : —
Spe felicis resnrrectionis
Henricus,
Thomse Clerke de bac villa generosi e regions tumnlati filins,
Collegii Beatse Marife Magdalense Osonii nuper socius,
Medicinfe Doctor
et in eadem Academia per decennium prjelector Anatoraia3 pnblicus;
e Societate tarn Regia quam Medicorum apnd Londinenses ;
Academiae demum "Vice- Can eel larius
1670] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 359
et per quindecim annos prseses Collegii Magdaleneasis,
cui pacem diu desideratam restituit.
Tot muneribiis perfunctus,
C£elo tandem maturus,
hie inter avos, atavosque
exuvias reponi vokiit
annos salutis 1687, getat, 68.
The monument was restored a few years since at the
expense of Magdalen college, of which Dr. Gierke is
considered for many reasons to be a great benefactor.
The doctor's portrait is in the President's lodgino-s,
Magdalen college.
EoBERT Whittaker. — A native of Lancashire, who
practised at Healey, in that county, was admitted an
Extra-Licentiate of the College of Physicians, 30th
June, 1669. He was a Puritan, and is frequently men-
tioned by Calamy.
Thomas Waterhouse, M.D. — A Londoner born ;
was on the 17th February, 1653, entered on the physic
line at Leyden, being then twenty-eight years of age.
He graduated doctor of medicine at Leyden, 3rd Au-
gust, 1655 ; was incorporated at Oxford, 1st December,
1669 ; and was admitted an Honorary Fellow of the
College of Physicians 22nd December, 1669. He prac-
tised in Exeter, and probably died in that city in the
early part of the eighteenth century.
John Griffith. — An undergraduate of St. John's
college, Oxford, was admitted an Extra-Licentiate of
the Koyal College of Physicians 1st February, 1669-70.
John Garr, M. D., was matriculated a sizar of Christ's
college, Cambridge, in December, 1646, and as a mem-
ber of that house proceeded M.B. 1652, M.D. 10th July,
1657. He was admitted a Candidate of the College of
Physicians 5th April, 1658 ; and a FeUow, 8th Febru-
ary, 1669-70.
3G0 ROLL OF THE [1671
John Packer, M.D. — A doctor of medicine of Padua,
of 16th January, 1655 ; incorporated at Oxford 19th
February, 1656 ; was admitted a Candidate of the Col-
lege of Physicians, 25th June, 1659 ; and a Fellow 8th
February, 1669-70.
Richard Perrot, A.M. — A native of Yorkshire, and
master of arts of Cambridge, and formerly fellow of Sid-
ney Sussex college, was admitted an Extra-Licentiate
of the College of Physicians, 18th May, 1670. In
Thoresby's Museum was a MS. " de Morbis Humani
Corporis," by Kichard Perrot, Licentiate in Physick,
" a book of useful recipes and medicines."'"
Peter Gerard, M.D., of Brasenose college, Oxford,
A.B. 11th April, 1662; A.M. 18th January, 1664;
M.D. 8th July, 1669 ; was admitted a Candidate of
the College of Physicians, 26 June, 1671.
Thomas Jameson, M.D., was the son of the Rev.
Thomas Jameson, rector of Shubbington, Bucks, but
was born at Bicot, in Oxfordshire. He was educated
at Wadham college, Oxford, of which house he event-
ually became a fellow. He proceeded bachelor of medi-
cine at Oxford 12th October, 1664, and doctor of medi-
cine 9th July, 1668. He was admitted a Candidate
of the College of Physicians, 26th June, 1671. Dr.
Jameson published anonymously, at Oxford, in 1665, a
small work, entitled " Artificial Embellishments ; or,
Art's best Directions how to preserve Beauty or pro-
cure it." The author's name becoming known by the
indiscretion of his pubhsher, he was much ridiculed, and
got the sobriquet of "Artificial Embellishments." He
removed from Oxford to London, and thence to Paris,
where he died in the month of July, 1674.
John Charles, M.D., was matriculated a pensioner
of Trinity college, Cambridge, in July, 1657, and as a
* WMttaker, Thoresby's Leeds. Appendix, p. 87.
1671] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 361
member thereof proceeded M.B. 1661 ; M.D. 3rd July,
1666. He was admitted a Candidate of the College of
Physicians 26th June, 1671.
Thomas Allen, M.D., was matriculated a pensioner
of Trinity college, Cambridge, in December, 1648, but
migrated to Caius college, of which he became a fellow.
He proceeded bachelor of medicme 1654 ; doctor of me-
dicine 5th July, 1659 ; was admitted a Candidate of
the College of Physicians 30th September, 1659 ; and a
Fellow 30th September, 1671. He was Censor in 1674,
1679, and 1682 ; was incorporated at Oxford 13th July,
1675; and died of dropsy in 1684.'" Dr. Allen was
physician to Bethlem hospital, and to his credit let it
be recorded, that he refused to accede to a proposition
which had met with general approbation at the Royal
Society (of which he was himself a fellow), to make the
first experiment of the transfusion of blood in this
country " upon some mad person in Bedlam."
Nathaniel Hodges, M.D., was born at Kensington,
13th September, 1629, and was the son of the vicar of
that place, Dr. Thomas Hodges, afterwards dean of
Hereford. He was educated at St. Peter's, Westmin-
ster, whence he was elected in 1646 to Trinity college,
Cambridge, but in 1648 was appointed by the parha-
mentary visitors a student of Christ church, Oxford.
As a member of that house he took the two degrees in
arts, A.B. 13th February, 1651 ; A.M. 31st May, 1654 ;
when, turning his attention to physic, he accumulated
his degrees therein, proceeding doctor of medicine 20th
June, 1659. Settling in London, he was admitted a
Candidate of the College of Physicians 30th Septem-
ber, 1659, and a Fellow 2nd April, 1672. He was
Censor in 1682, t and Harveian Orator in 1683. Dr.
* Dr. Middleton Massey's MS. additions to Pharm. Lond.
t Dr. Hodges, in the year he was Censor, gave to the College a
fire engine : — " 1682. Dec. xxii. Machina D.D. Hodges hydraulica
ad incendium extinguendum in bonam partem a Societate accipie-
3G2 ROLL OF THE [1672
Hodges acquired a great name among the citizens of
London ; for when Sydenham and almost all the other
physicians fled from the metropolis during the plague,
he remained at his post and continued in unremitting
attendance on the sick. He himself was twice attacked
with the disease. During the latter part of his life he
received a regular stipend from the city of London, for
the performance of his charitable office. Latterly, Dr.
Hodges fell into reduced circumstances, was confined in
Ludgate prison for debt, and died there 10th June,
1688.''" He is commemorated in St. Stephen's church,
Walbrook, by a monument bearing the following in-
scription : —
Disce dies numerare tuos, nam prseterit aetas
Furtivo pede, sinceram fugit umbra quietem,
Quserens m^ortales nati ut succambere possint,
batur, quindecim libris de subscriptione sua eo nomine illi con-
cessis."
* " Dnm paste gravi inclementer bujus civitatis afflictas domus
omnis funebri fere ploratu resonaret, et plurimi homines spe vitae
destituti, morbo intenti misere decubuerint, eodemque saepe in dor-
mitorio mortuus alter, ingemens et alter suspirio mortis, lugubri
spectaculo et modis plane miserandis animas efflarent. Tristes beec
rerum facies a medendo plurimos et ab segrorum ministerio quam
plures absterrebat at non Hudgesio, non Glissono aliisque nostratibus
prostravit penitus spem, attamen non sine gravissimo ipsorum sane
mutuo affecta animos quidem erexit ut humanorum atrocissimum
malorum Pestis averteretur suis remediis opem ferendo eegros bilari
vultu invisendo et suavitate verborum eos demulcendo et vota
operamque siippliciis muliebribus praestantiorem pro hominum sani-
tate faciundo. Hodgesius insuper ad novos casus veterum con-
siliorum rationibus prodesse volens, aureum de Peste tractatum in
posterorum usum conscripsit ex quo innotesceret, quemadmodum
ventures id genus morbos medicamine oppugnare conveniret. Quales
io-itur et a nobis non ipse niereatur lionores qui tot subiit pericula,
qui tantis sese objecit discriminibus, qui tarn gravia et injucnnda
propter bumanitatem perpessns est, qni tantas demum molestias
propt3r benevolentiam sastentaverat. Hie tamen idem, heu ! sicut
in depictis tabellis Belisarius, observatum sese, ab amicis desertum
et inopiae miseriis adopertum, advesperascente jam ^ata, taudem
experiebatur. Sed moribunda libertate publica alget inter homines
ino-enii aut virtutis amor." Eulogium Medicum sive Oratio Anni-
versaria Harvaeana habita die xviii Oct. 1760, Auctore Richardo
Brocklesby, pp. 10 and 11.
1G72] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 363
A tergo lictor, dum spiras victima mortis ;
Ignoras horam qua te tna fata vocabunt ;
Marmora dum spectas, perit irrevocabile tempus.
Hie jacet in tumulo Nathaniel Hodges, medicus,
In spe caelorum, nunc terr^ filius, olim
Qui fuit Oxonii, scriptis de peste superstes.
Natus Sept. 13, a.d. 1629.
Obiit 10 Junii, 1688.
Dr. Hodges was the author of —
Vindieiae Mediein^ et Medieorum : an Apology for the Profession
and Professors of Physic. Lond. 8vo. 1660,
AoifioXo^jta, sive Pestis nuperae apud Populum Londinensium
grassantis Narratio Historica. 8vo. Lond. 1672 ;
a translation of which into EngUsh, by Dr. John
Quincy, aj^peared in 1720. In 1721 was published,
Svo. Lond. —
A Collection of very valuable and scarce Pieces relating to the
last Plague in 1665 ;
among which is —
An Account of the first rise, progress, symptoms, and cure of the
Plague, being the Substance of a Letter from Dr. Hodges to a
person of quality. Dated from his house in Watling Street, 8th
May, 1666.
This narrative is valuable, and is the most authentic
account of the Great Plague which we possess.
Sir Thomas Millington, M.D., was born at New-
bury, CO. Berks, in 1628, and was the son of Thomas
Millington, of that town, esquire. He was educated
at Westminster school, and elected thence, in 1645, to
Trinity college, Cambridge. He graduated A.B. in
1649 ; but then removed to Oxford, and there proceeded
A.M., on which degree he was incorporated at Cam-
bi'idge in 1657. He was elected a fellow of All Souls
college ; and proceeded doctor of medicine at Oxford
9th July, 1659. He was appointed Sedleian professor
of natural philosophy in 1675, and entered on the du-
ties of his office 12th April, 1676. He held the pro-
3G4 ROLL OF THE [lG72
fessorsliip as long as he lived, but generally performed
the duties of it by deputy. He was admitted a Can-
didate of the College of Physicians 30th September,
1659 ; and a Fellow 2nd April, 1672. He was knighted
in 1679. T meet with Sir Thomas Millington as Censor
in 1678, 1680, 1681, 1684; Harveian Orator, 1679;
Treasurer, 1686 to 1689; Elect, 11th December, 1691 ;
Consiliarius, 1691, 1695; and President, from 1696 to
his death, on the 5th of January, 1703-4.
Few physicians have been more respected in their
day than Sir Thomas Millington. His praises have
been sung by Garth, in his " Dispensary ; '"''' and Syd-
enham speaks of him in terms of the highest respect.
The death of this distinguished physician is thus re-
corded in our Annals: "Jan. 5, 1703-4. This day,
about four in the afternoon, departed this life that ex-
cellent person Su" Thomas Millington, in the 75th year
of his aofe, and the seventh of his continued President-
ship of this College. Bred at Westminster school ;
afterwards fellow of All Souls college in Oxford, and
the great ornament of both ; Sedleian professor of na-
tural philosophy in that university ; and, whilst he dis-
covered to his auditors, in his admirable lectures from
that chair, the more secret methods of nature, he, to-
gether with Bishop Wilkins, Mr. Boyle, Dr. Wallis,
Sir Christopher Wren, Dr. Willis, and other ingenious
persons, there laid the first foundation of the Boyal
Society. Admitted afterwards into the College of Phy-
* He is the Machaon of the Dispensary, and is addressed by
Stentor (Dr. Goodall) as follows : —
" Machaon, whose experience we adore,
Great as your matchless merit, is your power.
At your approach the baffled tyrant, Death,
Breaks his keen shaft and grinds his clashing teeth.
To you we leave the conduct of the day,
What you command your vassals must obey.
If this dread enterprise you wou'd decline,
We'll send to treat and stifle the design ;
But if my arguments had force, we'd try
To humble our audacious foes or dye."
(Canto V.)
1672] EOYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 365
sicians, London, he soon became the dehght of it ; affable
in his conversation, firm in his friendships, dihgent and
happy in his practice, candid and open in consultations,
eloquent to an extraordinary degree in his pubhc
speeches ; being chosen President, his behaviour was
grave, tempered with courtesy, steady without obsti-
nacy, continually intent on tlie good of the College,
which, by his prudent conduct, he redeemed from the
greatest part of a very heavy debt.'" Being made first
physician to their Majesties king William and queen
Mary, and afterwards to her present Majesty queen
Ann, he discharged that duty with great skill, diligence,
and affection . Some five years before his death he was
cut for the stone in the bladder, which operation, and the
whole course of the cure, he bore with admirable piety
and exemplary courage. At length, worn out with
little but constantly-returning fevers, and a nervous
asthma, he piously and quietly paid his last debt to
nature. Thus died this great person, but the memory
of his virtues never can." Sir Thomas was buried on
28th January, 1703-4, in the Wentworth chapel of
Gosfield church, Essex, where there was formerly a
handsome monument to his memory. It was destroyed
some sixty years since by persons who broke into the
church and tore up the brass. Some coats of arms re-
main. There is nothing but these to identify the monu-
ment, which is of Purbeck marble. The College possess
a good port}:ait of this worthy physician.
* 1701. Dec. xxij. " The College owing to my Lord Radnor
and Mr. Bolter as executors to Sir John Cutler, the sum of about
£7,000 ; Sir Thomas Millingtou, then President, after much solici-
tation, by his prudent and winning manner of address to the Earle
and Mr. Bolter, gott all the same to be remitted for the sum of
£2,000, which he himself, without the knowledge of the College,
generously laid down and afterwards took only the bond of the
College for that sum : by which means he redeemed the College and
gave it a prospect once more of a future prosperity : for this gene-
rosity of his to this College, as well as his prudent and discreet
government thereof, he ought never to be foi'gotten, but tp live in
its Annals to all succeeding generations." Annals.
366 ROLL OF THE [l673
John Smith, M.D., was born iii Buckingliamshire,
and entered a commoner of* Brasenose college, Oxford,
7tli August, 1647. He took the degree of bachelor of
arts 7th February, 1650-1 ; master of arts, 27th June,
1653 ; and then, entering on the study of medicine,
proceeded M.D. 9tli July, 1659. He was admitted a
Candidate of the College of Physicians 22nd December,
1659 ; and a Fellow, 2nd April, 1672. Dr. Smith died
at his house in Great St. Helen's, Bishopsgate, in the
winter of 1679, and was buried in the parish church.
He was the author of
The Portrait of Old Age, wherein is contained a Sacred Anatomie
both of Soul and Body, and a perfect account of the infirmities of
age incident to them both ; being a Paraphrase upon the six former
verses of the 12th chapter of Ecclesiastes. Lend. 8vo. 1666 —
some account of which may be seen in the " Philoso-
phical Transactions," No. XIV, p. 254.
John Coughen, A.M. — A master of arts of King's
college, Cambridge ; admitted an Extra-Licentiate of
the College 19th July, 1672.
BoBERT Wrench, M.D., of Emmanuel college, Cam-
bridge; M.B. 1662 ; M.D. 26th November, 1670; was
admitted a Licentiate of the College of Physicians 1st
October, 1672.
John Galloway. — A native of Scotland ; admitted
an Extra-Licentiate 21st January, 1672-3. On the
15th August, 1675, and then twenty-six years of age,
he entered himself on the physic line at Leyden. Whe-
ther he graduated there does not appear.
Thomas Cogan was entered at Clare Hall, Cam-
bridge, 26th June, 1663, but apparently left the uni-
versity without taking a degree. He was admitted
an Extra-Licentiate of the College of Physicians 28th
June, 1673.
1673] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 367
John Lawson, M.D., was born in London, and ad-
mitted a pensioner of Queen's college, Cambridge, 12th
November, 1648, as a member of which house he pro-
ceeded A.B. 1652, A.M. 1656. He graduated doctor
of medicine at Padua in 1659 ; and was admitted ad
eundem at Cambridge in the course of the same year.
He was admitted a Candidate of the College of Phy-
sicians 16th April, 1660 ; and a Fellow 10th July,
1673. He was Censor in 1676 ; Elect, 11th December,
1691, in place of Dr. George Rogers, resigned; Trea-
surer, 1692 and 1693; President, 1694; Consiliarius,
1701, 1702, 1703, 1704. Dr. Lawson was an accom-
plished scholar and good linguist, well versed in Arabic,
Coptic, and other oriental tongues.'" He died 21st
May, 1705.
The mace of silver-gfilt now carried before the Presi-
dent was given by Dr. Lawson in 1684 : " Postridie
Palmarum. Baculum certe regium, propriis impensis
fabricatum, virgulse argentese loco coram Prseside ges-
tandum, CoUegio consecravit vir doctissimus, vereque
generosus, Ds. Joannes Lawsonus, in medicina doctor
Celebris, inclytique hujusce Collegii Socius dignissimus."
Elisha Coysh, M.D.— a doctor of medicine of Ox-
ford (Pembroke college), of 30th June, 1657, was ad-
mitted a Candidate of the College of Physicians 1st
October, 1660 ; and a Fellow 3rd December, 1673. He
was Censor in 1676, and died in 1685. Dr. Mortont
styles him " vir integerrimus et medicus expertissimus."
Dr. Coysh had a suburban residence in Swaine's Lane,
Highgate, to which he at times rethed. He did so in
1665-6 during the plague, and, as we read in the Court
Rolls of the Manor of Cantelows, " was very famed for
his medical practice and advice in cases of that dread-
ful malady, and was much resorted to at this his copy-
hold residence."
* Greenhill's Art of Embalming, p. 123.
I De Febi'ibus, cap. vi, p. 43.
368 ROLL OF THE [1674
Humphrey Brooke, M.D., was born in London, and
educated at Merchant Taylors' school, whence he was
elected scholar of St. John's college, Oxford, of which
society he subsequently became a fellow. He took the
degree of A.B. 22nd April, 1640 ; M.B. 8th December,
1646; and M.D. 19th January, 1659. He was incor-
porated at Cambridge on the last-named degree in 1684.
Dr. Brooke was admitted a Candidate of the College of
Physicians 24th December, 1660; and a Fellow 13th
April, 1674. He was Censor in 1675, 1680, 1681, 1684,
1692 ; Elect, 16th June, 1687 ; Consiliarius, 1693 ; and
dymg the ix. of the Calends of December, 1693, aged
76, was buried in the church of St. Andrew Undershaft.
Dr. Brooke was the author of —
A Conservatory of Health, comprised in a plain and practical Dis-
coui'se upon the Six Particulars necessary for Man's Life. 12mo.
Lond. 1650.
William Vertey. — Admitted an Extra^Licentiate
30th April, 1674.
John Carte, M.B., was admitted an Extra-Licentiate
of the College of Physicians 7th May, 1674. He prac-
tised at Manchester, where, as I learn from Hunter's
"" Hallamshire," p. 274, he was " in high reputation."
He was the son of John Carte, rector of Hans worth,
and was educated at Cambridge, where he graduated
bachelor of medicine. He married Sarah, a daughter
of Andrew Moorwood, of the Hallows, in the parish
of Dronfield. His daughter by that marriage, and
co-heiress, Mary, became the second wife of Thomas
Waterhouse, M.D., of Sheflaeld.
Thomas Marsh ali^ was admitted an Extra-Licen-
tiate of the College 30th September, 1674.
Bobert Swale, M.D. — A doctor of medicine of
Padua, was admitted an Extra-Licentiate of the Col-
lege of Physicians 30th September, 1674.
1675] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 369
Samuel Aderly was admitted an Extra-Licentiate
3rd December, 1674.
John Atfield, M.D., was born at Hampton, and
educated at Balliol collecre, Oxford ; but graduated
doctor of medicine at Caen 2nd July, 1657 ; and was
incorporated on that degree at Oxford 4th March, 1661.
He was admitted a Candidate of the College of Physi-
cians 25th June, 1662; a Fellow, 29th March, 1675;
and was Censor in 1683,
John Downes, M.D., was born in Warwickshire, and
on the 15th July, 1659, being then thirty-two years of
age, was entered on the physic line at Leyden, where he
graduated doctor of medicine 26th July, 1660 (D.M.I,
de Affectione Hypochondriaca). He was incorporated
at Oxford 7tli December, 1661 ; was admitted a Candi-
date of the College of Physicians 22nd December, 1662,
and a Fellow, 29th March, 1675. He was named an
Elect 29tli December, 1693, in place of Dr. Charleton,
who had then left London ; and was himself dead on the
17th October, 1694, when Dr. Torlesse was appointed
in his place. Dr. Downes was admitted a fellow of the
Royal Society 12th December, 1667, and was physician
to Christ's hospital. He married Christian Gale, de-
scribed in the marriage licence 29th July, 1671, as of
Putney, Surrey, spinster, aged about twenty-six. She
died before her husband. In the letters of adminis-
tration C.P.C. granted 8th November, 1694, to his
daughter Christian, wife of Thomas Turberville, doctor
of medicine. Dr. Downes is described as late of St. Dun-
stan's in the West, widower.'"
Herman Nevill. — A native of Oxfordshire ; ad-
mitted an Extra-Licentiate 28th June, 1675.
William Croone, M.D., was born in London, and
educated at Emmanuel college, Cambridge, where he
* Col. Chester's Collections.
VOL. I. 2 B
370 ROLL OF THE [1G75
was admitted a pensioner 13tli May, 1647. He gradu-
ated A.B. 1650 — tlie following year was elected a fellow
of his College, and he commenced A.M. in 1654. He
was chosen professor of rhetoric at Gresham college in
1659, and shortly after this was appointed secretary of
the Royal Society, which then held its meetings at
Gresham college, where Croone, as one of the profes-
sors, had apartments. In 1663 he was created doctor
of medicine at Cambridge by royal mandate. He was
admitted a Candidate of the College of Physicians 25th
June, 1663 ; a Fellow 29th July, 1675 ; and was Censor
in 1679. Dr. Croone was appointed lecturer on anatomy
at Surgeons' hall in 1670, and then resigned his pro-
fessorship in Gresham college. He was one of the ori-
ginal fellows of the Royal Society. He died of fever 12th
October, 1684, and was buried at St. Mildred's in the
Poultry, in a vault of the Lorymer family under the
communion table. On a floor stone was an inscription
commemorating John Lorymer, Esq., and Frances his
wife, with the following : —
Here also is buried
Dr. CroTine, one of the fellows of the Royal Society,
and of the College of Physicians in London,
who died the 12th October, 1684,
and left behind him his sorrowful v,'idow,
Mary Cronne, daughter of the said John and Frances Lorymer :
which said Mary afterwards intermarried with
Sir Edwin Sadlier, of Temple Dinsley, in the county of Hertford,
Bart. ;
and lyes interred here. She died 30th September, 1706.
Dr. Croone contributed to the Philosophical Transac-
tions some curious and original observations, " de Ovo,"
long before Malpighi's book on that subject appeared,
and anticipating many of the statements made therein.
He also published a small treatise —
De Rations Motus Musculorum. 12mo. Amst. 1676.
Dr. Croone left behind him a plan for two lectureships
which he had designed to found ; one to be read before
the College of Physicians, with a sermon to be preached
1675] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 371
at the cliurch of St. Mary-le-Bow ; the other to be de-
livered yearly before the Eoyal Society iipoD the nature
and laws of muscular motion. But, as his will contained
no provision whatever for the endowment of these lec-
tures, his widow (a daughter of Alderman Lorimer, of
the city of London, who subsequently married Sir Edwin
Sadher, Bart.) carried out his intention, by devising in
her will the King's Head tavern, in Lambeth-hill,
Knight Rider-street, in trust to her executors, to settle
four parts out of five upon the College of Physicians, to
found the annual lecture, now called the Croonian lec-
ture ; and the fifth part upon the Boyal Society. To
obviate some difficulties in carrying out the intentions
of the testatrix, the premises, by indentures of lease and
release dated 29th and 30th of April, 1729, were, in pur-
suance of a decree of the Court of Chancery, conveyed
to the College of Physicians, in trust, to perform Lady
Sadlier's will. The property was let by the College in
1789, on a building lease of ninety-nine years. Lady
Sadlier also founded an algebra lecture at each of the
colleges at Cambridge, seventeen in number ; that at
Emmanuel college — where Dr. Croone was educated —
being endowed with 60/. per annum, those at the other
colleges with 40/. The fine portrait of Dr. Croone in
the Censors' room, painted by Mary Beale, was presented
to the College 13th June, 1738, by his relation and god-
son Dr. Woodford, Regius Professor of Physic at Ox-
ford.''^
* It was accompanied by the following, wliicli is entered at length
in the Annals : —
Insignissimo Preesidi
Egregiisqne Sociis Collegii Reg: Med: Lend.
Collegis meis perquam. dilectis
Salutem.
En ! vobis hanc tabnlam, formam verana
Externam viri admodum docti exhibitem,
Manu perita Dnae Mariae Beal accurate
depictum transmittendam curavi : Quippe
Titi a Parentibus meis accepi
sic oculos — sic ora ferebat
Dnus Gxilielmns Croone M.D.
2 B 2
372 ROLL OF THE [1675
Edward Browne, M.D., was the eldest son of Sir
Tliomas Browne, M.D., the author of the " Beligio
Medici," and was born at Norwich in 1644. He was
educated at the free school of Norwich, and on the
27th October, 1657, was entered at Trinity college,
Cambridge, where he proceeded bachelor of medicine in
1663. In the autumn of that year he returned to Nor-
wich, and there, under his father's directions, pursued
his studies in medicine and natural philosophy. In the
following year he commenced his travels, first spending
a short time in London among his relations and friends,
and at this period he seems to have formed his first
acquaintance with Dr. Terne, whose daughter he after-
wards married. From London he proceeded to Paris,
and thence to Italy, visiting Genoa, Home, Naples, Bo-
logna, Venice, and Padua, returning to Paris through
Montpelier. He travelled in company with Sir Wil-
liam Trumbull, afterwards Secretary of State, Sir
Samuel Tuke, Sir Christopher Wren, and other dis-
tinguished characters. At Paris he made the acquaint-
ance of Guy Patin, one of his father's earliest critics,
who received him with great urbanity, and spoke in the
most courteous terms of his father. A portion of this
tour has been printed at the end of the folio edition of
his travels ; the whole is preserved in his journal.
(MSS. Sloane, 1906.)
AflB.nis et susceptor mens ad sacrum fontem
Collegii nostri olim. Socius dignissimus
Anatomicus celeberrimus
Motuum. musculorum indagator acerrimus
UniversEe naturalis scientise peritissimus
nee non ob beneficia in Collegium nostrum erogata
perpetuo colendus.
Dignemini, ora, hoc pignusculum Amoris mei
erga vos ipsos, hoc Pietatis mese erga suscep-
torem monumentum benigne ex me accipere
et afiige facere parietibus Coenaculi Collegii nostri
in perpetuam Croonii memoriam
Ita vovet Gul: Woodford Med: Prof. Reg. Oxon
et Coll. Reg: Med: Lond. Socius
Dabam Oxonii pridie Nonas Mail
Anno MDCCXXXVIII.
1675] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 373
On his return to England he went to Oxford ; was
incorporated, on his bachelor's degree, 19th June, 1666 ;
and proceeded doctor of medicine, as a member of Mer-
ton college, 4th July, 1667, on which degree he was
incorporated at Cambridge in 1670. In 1667 he was
elected a fellow of the E-oyal Society, and on the 1 6th
of March following (1668) was admitted a Candidate of
the College of Physicians.
In August, 1668, he commenced those travels which
contributed so much and, on the whole, so justly, to
his reputation : " For though " (says Mr. Wilkins, to
whose account I am indebted for nearly the whole of
this sketch) " he did not inherit his father's high mtel-
lectuahty, he was, like him, ardent in the pursuit of
knowledge, and strongly attached to the studies to
which he made his travels principally subservient ; and
his literary attainments, as might be supposed, were
considerable. But, above all, he was an accui-ate ob-
server, and a veracious narrator of what he met with.
He was, in short, a conscientious traveller, not supply-
ing from imagination what was wanting in the reality.
His pen was under the guidance of his senses, not car-
ried away by his fancy. Hence, notwithstanding the
somewhat contemptuous terms in which his travels are
mentioned by Dr. Johnson, who neither understood nor
cared for the subjects on which Browne wrote, he ac-
quired by his work, and has retained to the present
day, a character for which travellers are not proverbial,
viz., that whatever he has related may be received with
imphcit confidence. Having embarked at Yarmouth
14th August, he landed at Rotterdam, and thence pro-
ceeded through Delft, the Hague, Leyden, and Haar-
lem to Amsterdam ; tlirough Utrecht, Breda, and Dort
to Flushing, and up the Scheldt to Antwerp, Brussels,
and to Aix-la-Chapelle, which he reached on the 7th
October. From Aken he went direct to Juliers, and
onwards along the Bhine to Mayence, Frankfort ; and
thence, through Darmstadt, Heidelburg, Batisbon, and
Lintz to Vienna, which he reached 20th November.
374 • ROLL OF THE [l675
There he passed the winter of 1668-9, visiting and ex-
amining every object within and around it worthy of
his notice, and making excursions in various du-ec-
tions. Very early in the spring of 1669 he started
through Baden to Mannersdorf, across the Newsidler
Sea to Raab and Komora, and thence, after visiting
the marble quarry at Dotis, he went to Leopoldstadt,
to the gold and silver mines of Cremnitz, Newsol, &c.,
and returned to Vienna in the middle of April. His
next excursion was through Styria, Carinthia, &c., to
see the Zirchnitzer lake and quicksilver mines at Idria,
whence, after again visiting Padua, he returned to the
imperial capital at the close of July. His List tour was
to the Ottonian court, which was then held at Larissa
in Thessaly. Tliis occupied from the 1st September to
the end of October^ w^hen he regained Vienna to take
a final leave of it. Early in November he started on
his journey homeward through Prague and Dresden, at
which latter city he took particular notice of the king
of Saxony's collections both in natural history, me-
chanics, and the fine arts. He then visited the 'silver
and sulphur mines of Freiburg, and, after passing
through Leipsic aod Magdeburg, he embarked at
Hamburg, and reached England at the close of 1669."
Dr. Browne soon proceeded to London, where, after
some hesitation, he determined to fix his permanent
residence. On the 30th April, 1672, he married Hen-
rietta Susan, the daughter of Dr. Christopher Terne, a
Fellow of our College, residing in Lime -street. There
Dr. Browne lived till the decease of his father-in-law,
31st December, 1673, soon after which he removed to
Salisbury-court, Fleet-street.
In the summer of 1673 he went over to Germany
with Sir Joseph Williamson and Sir Leoline Jenkins,
the English plenipotentiaries who were sent to Cologne
to negotiate a treaty of peace between England, France,
and Holland. This, although but an excursion of plea-
sure, probably enabled him to make some valuable ad-
ditions to his circle of influential and titled friends.
1675] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 375
Having terminated his travels (which he never sub-
sequently resumed), he brought out his first account
of them, in quarto, under his father's advice ; and four
years afterwards published a second collection.
On the 14th June, 1675, Dr, Browne was chosen lec-
turer at Surgeons' hall; and on the 29th July, 1675,
was admitted a Fellow of the College of Physicians.
He was Censor in 1678, 1683, 1685, 1686, 1698, 1699,
1701 ; Elect, 29th December, 1693, in place of Dr.
Brooke, deceased; Consiliarius, 1694, 1697, 1698, 1699,
1700 ; Treasurer from 1694 to January 22nd, 1703-4 ;
when, on the death of Sir Thomas Millington, he was
elected President, an office which he continued to hold
to his death, on the 28th August, 1708. This event
occurred in his 64th year, after a short illness, at his
seat at Northfleet, near Gravesend, and is thus re-
corded in the Amials : " This day. Dr. Edward Browne,
after having sat President of this College for four years
and a half successively, departed this life. He was the
worthy son of the famous Sir Thomas Browne, author
of the ' Behgio Medici,' who he imitated in the genteel -
ness of his humour, learning, and manner of practice.
He died at Northfleet, an estate of his in Kent, which
he has bequeathed between the College of Physicians
and St. Bartholomew's hospital, in case of failure of
issue to his son, Dr. Thomas Browne, and his daughter
Brigstock."
Dr. Browne was buried in the church of Northfleet,
where a monument with the following inscription was
erected to his memory : —
H. S. E.
Edwardus Browne Nordovicensis, M.D.
Thomee Browne militis et medici celeberrimi
Filius, patre non indignus.
Quippe qui in Arte sua usque adeo excelluit
ut Regi Carolo II''"
e medicis primariis fuerit unus,
et Coilegii Medicorum, quod est Londini,
summa cum. laude profuerit.
Qui etiam scriptis suis,
(in qaibus Itinera sua per praecipuas Europse regioiies,
376 ROLL OF THE [1675
et res ubique notatn digniores,
pulchre pariter ac fideliter descripsit,)
magnam ab omnibus literatis inivit gratiam.
De ceeteris animi dotibus, si qusei'as,
cum sum.ma eruditione parem semper modestiam conjunxit;
laudi ac dignitati hand nimium,
pecunise ac divitiis parum aut nihil studuit,
aliis vero qnam maxirae potuit benefacere :
hsec res ei sumnia? fuit voluptati.
Qnam non tantnm snornm privato commodo,
vernm etiam pnblica) ntilitati consnlnit,
verba ex testamento infra descripta
preeclaro erunt docnmento.
Obiit vicesimo octavo die mensis August!
Anno Domini mdccviii. JBtatis LXCiiii.
Then follows the passage from his will.
I need only add, that Dr. Browne was physician to
St. Bartholomew's hospital, to which office he was
elected 7th September, 1682, in place of Dr. Mickle-
thwaite, deceased ; and that he was one of the physi-
cians in ordinary to king Charles II., who paid him
the high compliment of saying, " he was as learned as
any of the College, and as well bred as any at court."
Dr. Browne was in high esteem with the aristocracy.
He attended the celebrated earl of Rochester, at Wood-
stock park, in his last illness in 1680, and was the ordi-
nary medical attendant on the marquis of Dorchester —
a patron and amateur of the profession, and a Fellow
of our College — who had long been his warm friend, to
whom he dedicated his first travels in 1672, and with
whom he had sufficient influence to prevail on his lord-
ship to bequeath his valuable library to our College.
Dr. Browne's published writings are as follows : —
A Translation of a Discourse of the original Country, Manners,
Government, and Religion of the Cossacks, with another of the
Praecopian Tartars, and the History of the Wars of the Cossacks
against Poland. 12mo. Lond. 1672.
A brief account of some Travels in Hungaria, Styria, Bulgaria,
Macedonia, Thessaly, Austria, Servia, Carynthia, Camiola, and
FriuK. 4to. Lond. 1673.
To an edition published in 1677, he added an account
of several travels through a great part of Germany, and
in 1685 it was reprinted in folio as —
1675] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 377
A brief account of some Travels in divers parts of Europe, &c., &c.
This was translated into French and recommended
by Du Fresnoy ; and in 1696 it was translated into
Dutch by Jacob L. Dirkx. Dr. Browne translated the
Life of Themistocles in 1G83, and that of Sertorius in
1684, for the edition of Plutarch's Lives, published in
5 vols. Svo. Dr. Browne's portrait was in the collection
of the earl of Buchan and has been engraved.
Thomas Burwell, Jun., M.D., was the son of Tho-
mas Bur well, doctor of laws and chancellor of the diocese
of Durham, by his wife Ann, daughter of Seth Chap-
man, and was baptised at St. Mary-le-Bow 26th No-
vember, 1633, He was educated at Trinity hall, Cam-
bridge, as a member of which house he proceeded
bachelor of medicine by royal mandate 1662, doctor
of njedicine 7th July, 1668. He was admitted a Can-
didate of the College of Physicians 30th September,
1668, and a Fellow 29th July, 1675. He was dead on
16th October, 1677, when Dr. Francis Eedes was ad-
mitted a Fellow in his place.
Thomas Short, M.D., was born in Suffolk, and was
the son of the Eev. William Short of Fasten in that
county. He received his early education at the gram-
mar school of Bury St. Edmund's. He was admitted
at St. John's coUege, Cambridge, 25th February, 1649,
and as a member of that house proceeded A. B. 1653;
was created M.D. by mandate, 26th June, 1668 ; ad-
mitted a Candidate of the CoUege of Physicians 22nd
December, 1668 ; and a Fellow 29th July, 1675. Dr.
Short was a Boman catholic, and, as we are informed
by Wood,'"' got into very extensive practice after Dr.
Lower espoused the Whig cause. Lower, it seems, had
succeeded to extensive business on the death of Dr.
Willis, so that in 1675 " he was esteemed" (to use the
words of Wood,) " the most noted physician in West-
* Atbente Oxon. vol. ii, p. 652.
378 ROLL OF THE [1675
minster and London ; and no man's name was more
cried up at court than his. At length, upon the break-
ing out of the Popish plot in 1678, he closed with the
Whigs, supposing that party would carry all before
them. But, being mistaken, he thereby lost much of
his practice at and near court, and so consequently his
credit. At that time a certain physician, Thomas Short,
a Roman catholic,"" struck in, carried all before him
there, and got riches as he pleased ; but he dying in
the latter end of 1685, most of his practice devolved
on Dr. Radcliffe." Dr. Short, who is represented by
Doddt as in all respects a person of singular parts and
merit, actually died 28th September, 1685, and was
buried in the entrance to St. James's chapel. His
merits as a physician are certified to as on the all suffi-
cient testimony of Sydenham, who dedicated to him the
Tractatus de Podagra et Hydrope. Bishop Burnet
gives countenance to the opinion that Dr. Short met
with liis end by unfair means. " Short," he says,
" another physician who was a Papist, but after a form
of his own, did very much suspect foul dealing (in the
death of Charles II.) and he talked more freely of it
than any of the Protestants durst do at that time. But
he was not long after taken suddenly ill upon a large
draught of wormwood wine, which he had drank in the
house of a Popisli patient that lived near the Tower,
who had sent for him, of which he died. And, as he
said to Lower, Millington, and some other physicians,
* Allatum fuit et coram Prgeside ac Censoribus perlectum, mag-
natum in superior! prassentis Parliamenti domo cougregatorum, de-
cretum, sive Senatus-coasultam de distinguendis et ejiciendis e Col-
legio omnibus iis qui fidei Romanse non renunciaverint.
Ordinatum ac statutum ut Bedellus quamprimum mifctatur ad
D. D. Joan. Betts et Thomam Short Collegii Socios et papismi
suspectos ; qui iis nomine ac authoritate praesidis imperet ut Conii-
tiis Majoribus 14 die prgesentis meusis celebrandis adsint, deque fide
sua testimonia i*equisita exbibeant.
Comitiis Aprilis trimestribus 14° Apr : 1679. Comparuit D.
Short. Ob defectum justi numeri Statuti pro pleuo Collegio disces-
sum est.
t Church History, voL iii, p. 460.
1675] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 379
he believed that he himself was poisoned for iiis having
spoken so freely of the king's death."
JosiAH Clerk, M.D., of Peterhonse, Cambridge, as
a pensioner of which he was matriculated in December,
1656, and proceeded M.B. 1661, M.D. 3rd July, 1666,
was admitted a Candidate of the College of Physicians
26th June, 1671, and a Fellow 29th July, 1675. He
was Censor in 1677, 1692 ; was named Elect, 16th
April, 1694, in place of Sir Thomas Witherly, deceased ;
was Harveian orator in 1708 ; Consiliarius 1707, 1709,
1710, 1711, 1712; and was elected President, in place
of Dr. Edward Browne, deceased, 13th September, 1708,
being re-elected at the general election of ojfficers on the
30th of the same month. For some reason not stated,
he was prevented performing the duties of his office,
which he therefore resigned 18th December, and Dr.
Goodall was appointed 23rd December, 1708 : —
" 1708, December 18. Dr. Josiah Clerk having not
acted as President since the 28th of November, he de-
clared he could not farther serve the College in that
place ; wherefore Dr. Collins, being the Praeses Natus,
was requested by the Elects to act according to the
statutes.
" 1708, December 23. Dr. Josiah Clerk, the former
President, declared that for several reasons he could
not serve the rest of the year in that office ; upon which
the Elects withdrew, and chose Dr. Charles Goodall to
be President for the rest of the year, who named Dr.
Collins and Dr. Clerk his Consiliarii."
Dr. Clerk was appointed Treasurer 16th April, 1709,
and retained that office as long as he lived. His death
is thus recorded in the Annals : " Upon the 8th of
December, 1714, Dr. Josiah Clerk departed this life :
an industrious physician and Prseses Natus. He died
in the 75th year of his age."
Dr. Clerk's portrait is in the College.
K/iCHARD Lower, M.D., was born at Tremere, near
380 ROLL OF THE [1675
Bodmin, Cornwall, about the year 1631, and educated
at Westminster school, whence he was elected in 1649
a student of Christ church, Oxford. As a member of
that house he proceeded A.B. 17th February, 1652-3,
A.M. 28th June, 1655, and then, under the able guid-
ance of Dr. Thomas Wilhs, devoted himself to the study
of medicine, assisting his master in his numerous dissec-
tions of the brain and nerves, preparatory to the great
work on that subject which he was then meditating. ■^'''
For the anatomical as distinguished from the physiolo-
gical and speculative parts of Willis's treatise, '' de
Cerebro," and they are in fact the only portions of the
work that are now of any vahie, it has always been un-
derstood that we are indebted to Lower. Lower pro-
ceeded doctor of medicine, accumulating his degrees
26th June, 1665, then practised his faculty at Oxford,
and in the same year published a defence of Dr. Willis's
work on fevers — -
* Willis's obligations to Lower were great, and he tlius hand-
somely acknowledges them in his preface : "At vero huic operi ac-
curatius perficiendo, cum mihi nee otii, ac forsan, e proprio marte,
non virium satis suppeteret anxiliares aliorum manus accessere
non erubescebam. Atque medici hie imprimis doctissimi et ana-
tomices summe periti Domini Richardi Lowee, ope ac socia usus
sum opera ; cujus sane et cultelli et ingenii aciem mihi in corporum.
prius abditorum tum fabrica, ti^m muniis melius indagandis, emolu-
mento fuisse lubens agnosco Quare hoc comite et coadjutore
ascito, nulla fere dies sine administratione quadam anatomica tran-
sibit ; ita ut, brevi temporis spatio de cerebro, ejusque intra cranium
appendice, nihil non plane detectum et nobis intime perspectum
videretur. Posthsec cum pensum longe difficilius Nevporoju^lav sci-
licet aggrederemur ; tunc plurimum emicuit viri hujus solertia
plane admiranda nee non indefatigabilis industria, nulloque obice
sistendus labor : nervi enim cnjusque, utat minuti, ac intra alia
corpora immersi ac varie impliciti, divaricationes omnes quaquaver-
sus oberrantes, exactissima indagine prosequutus, adeoque ramorum
et propaginum cujusque paris longe lateque diffusorum labyrintos
evolvens ; eorundem uti et multorum sanguiductuum schemata,
sive iconas, cujusmodi in hoc tractatu prostant ichnographicas,
propria manu exaravit, quas quidem ut sine falsi crimine aut erroris
labe fideles prorsus ac emendatissimge prodierint, id egit, ut vix
ullam tabula contineat lineolam aut levissimum ductum cujus con-
formatio et exacta habitudo non plurium animalium, earn ob causam
mactatorum, indiciis comprobata fuerint."
1675] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 381
Diatribae ThoiBfB Willisii, M.D. et Prof. Oxon. De Febribus Vindi-
catio, adversns Edm. de Meara Ormoudiensem Hibern. M.D. 8vo.
This was followed, in 1669, by his
Tractatus de Corde, item de Motu et Galore Sanguinis et Cliyli
in eum transitu.
This work, the most complete that has appeared on the
subject, attracted much notice, in consequence of the
chapter on transfusion of blood, which the author had
practised at Oxford in 1665, and subsequently on an
insane person before the E-oyal Society, of which body
he was admitted a fellow 17th October, 1667. About
this time Dr. Lower removed to London, probably at
the instigation of his friend and patron Dr. Willis, then
in very full business. He was admitted a Candidate of
the College of Physicians 22nd December, 1671, and a
Fellow 29th July, 1675. He settled first in Hatton-
garden, then removed to Salisbury-court, Fleet-street,
went thence to Bow-street, and finally fixed himself in
King-street, Covent-garden. Dr. Lower soon got into
very good practice, and on the death of Dr. Willis, in
1675, was (as we are told by Wood,) esteemed " the
most noted physician in Westminster and London, and
no man's name was more cried up at court than his."
He is believed to have been the type of the physician
who takes part in the dialogue of Henry Neville s " Pla-
to Pedivivus," as one who relieved his abstruser studies
by conversations in politics. On the breaking out of
the so-called Popish plot in 1678, Dr. Lower espoused
the Whig cause, believing that it must henceforward be
predominant. In this supposition, however, he was
mistaken, and he lost most of his practice about the
court, and suffered considerably in reputation. Dr.
Lower died at his house in King-street, Covent-garden,
17th January, 1690-1, of a cold contracted in extin-
guishing a fire which had broken out in his chamber
chimney. His body was carried to Cornwall and in-
terred in the church of St. Tudy, near Bodmin, in which
parish he had purchased an estate some years previously.
382 ROLL OF THE [1675
By his will he gave 1,000/. to St, Bartholomew's hos-
pital; 500/. to the French Protestant Refugees; 500/. to
the Irish Protestant Pefugees; 50/. to the poor of the
parish of St. Paul's, Covent-garden ; and 40/. to the poor
of the two parishes in Cornwall where he had land.
In addition to the two works above named, Dr. Lower
pubHshed —
Dissertatio de Origiue CatarrM et de VenKsectione. 8vo. Lond.
1672.
Thomas Frankland, B.D.^ — ^A disgraceful history is
connected with this person. Frankland was a native
of Lancashire, educated at Brasenose college, Oxford.
He took the first degree in arts, was elected fellow of
his college in 1654, and proceeded master of arts 28th
June, 1655. In 1662 he was appointed one of the proc-
tors of the university, and the year after, being then in
holy orders, was, to use the words of Wood, " with
much adoe, his grace being denied three times, admitted
to the reading of the sentences. Afterwards he applied
his studies to the faculty of piiysic, settled in London,
and pretended to be a doctor of that faculty, of Oxon,
when he was in the company of Cambridge men, and to
be a doctor of Cambridge when in the company of Ox-
ford men. At length, being a candidate to be Fellow
of the College of Physicians, which he could not be
without being doctor, he produced a forged certificate
or diploma to attest that he was doctor of that faculty,
and thereupon he was at length admitted a Fellow of
the said College, and afterwards was Censor thereof."
Thus far Wood. From the Annals I gather that he
represented himself to the College as a doctor of medi-
cine of Oxford, of 10th October, 1667 ; that he was
examined 30th September, 24th November, and 8th
December, 1671 ; was admitted a Candidate 22nd De-
cember, 1671, and a Fellow 29th July, 1675 ; and that
at the general election next ensuing he was appointed
junior Censor. Frankland is represented by Wood as
a haughty, turbulent, and disagreeable man, much dis-
1675] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 383
liked by the College generally, but more especially by
the juniors, some of whom, that he had more parti-
cularly offended, having a suspicion that he was an im-
postor, and no doctor of medicine, made private appli-
cation to Dr. James Hyde, king's professor of physic,
and Mr, Benjamin Cooper, the registrar of the univer-
sity of Oxford, begging them to search the registers
and certify whether he had ever taken the degree of
doctor of physic therein. Reporting that he had not
done so, the former applicants addressed a letter to the
vice-chancellor, doctors, proctors, and masters of the
university, acquainting them with Frankland's forgery,
and begging the authorities to certify to the President
and Commonalty of the College of Physicians that he
was no doctor of their university. This they did by
the following instrument under the university seal, and
dated 15th November, 1677 : —
Cancellarins, Magistri et Scliolares Universitatis Oxoniensis omni-
bus, ad quos hoc prsesens scriptum pervenerit, salutem in Domino
sempiternara. Cum communi fa.ma atque sermone, literisque etiam
clarissimorum IVledioorum e celeberrimo Collegio Lond : nobis inno-
tuerit, quendam Tbom. Franckland, Collegii ^nei Nasi nuper
Socium, dolo malo s^pius jactitasse, se ad gradum Doctoris in
Medicina apud nos faisse promotum, et instrumento publico in
pragdicti gradus suscepti contirmationem a nobis autlientic(3 dona-
tum : idcirco (ne bujusmodi rumores in Academise debonestamentum,
ant aliorum quorumcunque fraudem et prgejudicinm dintius emana-
rent) Nos, Registris Universitatis prsedictse (in quibus majora
negotia inseruntur, et honor Academicns in singulos moribus et
scientia dignissimos collatus describitnr), diligenter prius inspectis
et examinatis, significamus, et tenore preesentium, Omnibus, quorum
interest, notum facimua prsedictum Tho. Franckland, in f requenti
congregatione Magistrorum Regentium 2"*^° die mensis Julii Anno
D"' 1663 habita, ad gradum Baccalaurei in Sacra Theologia fuisse
admissum, et ex eo tempore nullum gradum Academicum apud nos
suscepisse, neque Diploma aliquod communi nostro sigillo munitum,
alterius cujuscunque gradus collationem attestans eidem fuisse con-
cessum, uUibi in Registris nostris extare per prtesentes etiam tes-
tatum facimus. In quorum omnium majorem fidem et plenius tes-
timonium, sigillum universitatis Oxon.- commune, quo in similibus
utimur, prassentibus apponi fecimas. Datum in domo nostrse Con-
vocationis 15° die mensis JSTovemb. Anno D'ni 1677.
This document was laid before the College, by Dr.
384 ROLL OF THE [l675
Cliarleton, 22nd December, 1G77, the proceedings on
which occasion stand thus recorded in the Annals . "Dr.
Charleton libellum ab Academia Oxoniensi ostendit,
quod Tho. Frankland non in Doctoris gradum in medi-
cina sed tantum Baccalaurei in theologia ibidem sus-
cepisset 2 Juhi, 1663, et hoc ratum fuit per diploma
sub sigillo magno, Nov. 15, 1677. Dr. Frankland in-
crepuit D. Allen, D. Brookes, D. Law son, D. Atfield,
D. Alvey, seque jus Togse suae in Curia Cancellarise
jurejurando defensurum asserebat ; illosque tantorum
criminum accusare potuisse, quibus e Collegio meritb
excludi mereantur, si ei paucis auscultare dignaremur.
Dr. Frankland ut secederet jubetur. Res tota Cen-
soriis Comitiis proximo insequentibus delata est ; quibus
ut Electores intersint, de hoc negotio amplius delibera-
turi oratum est.
"Comitiis Minoribus, 4to. Jan", 1677.
" Moniti sunt adessent Electores, cum Censoribus ad
consultandum de rebus arduis cum Prseside. Pensitato
diu multumque casu, D. Frankland monebatur a pub-
licis omnino Comitiis abesse, donee specialiter per Be-
dellum admonitus et accersitus fuerit."
Frankland's declaration that he woidd justify his right
to the doctor's gown by oath in Chancery, and the diffi-
culty which the College felt in dealing with the trans-
action at this time, was, doubtless, in consequence of his
having got incorporated as a doctor of medicine at Cam-
bridge, the year before his forgery had been discovered.
Wood says that, by the connivance of the seniors of the
College, Frankland continued afterwards among them,
but lost much of his credit and practice. This inter-
pretation can scarcely be admitted. It is true that a
considerable time elapsed ere he was removed from the
Fellowship, but as soon as the evidence against him
was completed there was no unnecessary delay.
Frankland's grace, as put up at Cambridge, was as
follows : " Placeat vobis ut Thomas Frankland, Mecli-
cinse Doctor, sit hie apud nos, iisdem anno, ordine et
gradu quibus est apud suos Oxonienses. Lect. et con-
1675] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 385
cess. 28 Feb. 1676. Concordat cum originali. Ita tes-
ter Matth. Whinn Not. Pub. ac Almse Universitatis
Cantab. Registarius Principalis." To this attested copy
Dr. Brady adds the following : " As to Mr. Franckland,
if he be not a doctor at Oxford he is none here, for he
was only admitted ad eundem gradum, honorem, et dig-
nitatem, quo fuit apud suos Oxonienses. His Oxford
diploma I saw, and had it in my hand ; it was signed
in the bottom with Dr. Hyde's hand, who was then
physic professor, which I took notice of, it not being
usual with us.''
A committee of investigation was now appointed,
and they gave into the College the following report :
" The committee for College affairs having thoroughly
considered and debated the power and right given to
the College by his Majesty's late royal patent (which
doth will and grant to the President and Fellows, that
they may at any court summon, hear, and admonish
any of the said Fellows, Elects, and Censors for cause
of evil government, non-residence (otherwise than as
aforesaid), or for misbehaving themselves in their re-
spective place, or any other just and reasonable cause,
from time to time to expel and amove any of the same
Fellows, Elects, or Censors from his or their respective
places in the same College, as likewise the great reason
and force of the following statute : ' Statuimus et ordi-
namus, ut si quis criminis alicujus gravioris ac publici
reus, aut vitio aliquo insigni infamis fuerit, ablegetur a
Collegio ; ne, si retineremus talem, videremur aut vir-
tutem contemnere aut eodem morbo laborare ;' and the
faith every Fellow hath given the College, that they
will use their best endeavours ' ut honos Collegii sartus
tectus conservetur, nee unquam consilium aut familiari-
tatem inibunt cum aliquo, qui studet verbo vel facto
Collegii statuta labefactare ; sed in omnibus quae ad
honorem et utilitatem Collegii spectant, consilio, ope,
et auxilio juvabunt,') are of this opinion (humbly sub-
mitting it to the sense of the hon''''' Board), that Mr.
Frankland, being summoned the next Comitia Majora,
VOL. I. 2 c
386 ROLL OF THE [1675
and having the following crimes proved against him,
should forthwith be expelled from the Fellowship he
formerly possessed in the College.
" The crimes wherewith he is charged and offered to
be proved are the following, viz. : —
"1st. His forging the diploma and seal of the uni-
versity of Oxford to entitle himself to the degree of
doctor of physick, whereby he was admitted candidate
and fellow of the College of Physicians, contrary to the
express words of the statutes : ' Si quispiam Clericus
aut sacris initiatus a.dmitti cupit in Collegium aut per-
mitti ad praxin, multo minus id illi concedetur,' he
being at that very time bachelor of divinity.
" 2. His offering to justify his right to his gown by
oath in Chancery after this forgery, detected and proved
under the seal of the university of Oxford.
" 3. His imposing on the university of Cambridge by
the same counterfeit diploma, and procuring thereby an
admission in eundem gradum, and this after the afore-
said detection by the College.
" 4. His violating his faith given to the College for
the preservation of its honour and interest by clandes-
tine compacts with notorious empiricks, receiving seve-
ral sums of money from them for his connivance and
forbearance of prosecuting them, and giving assurance
to some, or at least one of them, that he would so use
his influence with the College as to make him an Honor-
ary Fellow ; all which are notoriously contrary to the
faith given and trust reposed in him by this honour-
able Board. For which flagitious crimes and the reasons
premised, this Committee do desu-e that, upon due
proof thereof, the College would forthwith determine
whether they do agree with the committee in their
opinion now read."
On the 26th June, 1682, the College unanimously
voted his ejection : '' Omnium concensu, Tho. Frank-
land, ob ignominiosa crimina ab eo perpetrata, non
Socius a Praeside indicebatur." Frankland died in the
Fleet prison about Midsummer, 1690, and was buried
1G75] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 387
in the church of St. Vedast, Foster-lane, Cheapside"''"
Frankland is said to be the author of the Annals of
king James and king Charles I, folio, Lend., 1681.t
Richard Torlesse, M.D., was descended from an
old Berkshire family. He was entered at St. John's
college, Oxford, as "of founder's kin," in 1653, and
proceeded doctor of medicine, as a member of that
house, 19th June, 1666. He was admitted a Candidate
of the College of Physicians 1st October, 1672, and a
Fellow 29th July, 1675. He was Censor in 1694, 1695,
1696, 1700, 1701, and was named Elect, in place of
Dr. Downes, deceased, 17th October, 1694. Dr. Tor-
lesse resided in Budge-row, in the parish of St. An-
tholins, and was physician to St. Thomas's hospital,
where his name might be seen among the " benefactors
towards the new building and adorning of this hospital,
which was begun in the year 1693," as the donor in
1694 of 30/. About that time St. Thomas's hospital
was under an engagement with the Government for the
care of sick and wounded seamen, who were sent there,
and it is stated that owing to some neglect of duty or
breach of contract in this matter Dr. Torlesse was very
heavily fined= This may partly account for the fact
that as he advanced in years he fell into great poverty,
and on the 12th September, 1705, "The President pro-
posed to all the members the case of Dr. Torlesse, who
had fallen into poverty, and it was agreed that the
Beadle should go to every member of the College, to
collect their charity for him." On the 21st Septem-
ber, 1708, he resigned his place of Elect. Dr. Torlesse
married Bridget, the youngest daughter of Christopher
Browne, esquire, of Tolethorpe, Stamford, by Eliza-
beth, daughter of Sir Edward Harrington, of Ridling-
ton, bart., and left by her two sons, Christopher and
Anthony. In 1717 his widow married again. |
* Vide Wood's Atliense Oxon., vol. ii, p. 648 ; and Goodall's Col-
lection of College Affairs, MSS., p. 30.
t Notes and Queries, 5 S., iii, p. 335.
X Information from Edward Living, M.D.
2 c 2
388 ROLL OF THE [1676
John Claypool was admitted an Extra-Licentiate
22nd January, 1675-6.
Thomas Botterel was admitted an Extra-Licentiate
of the College 22nd January, 1675-6.
(John?) Tannor was admitted an Extra-Licentiate
of the College 3rd February, 1675-6. He would seem
to have been the author of —
The hidden Treasure of the Art of Physick fully discovered. In
four books. 8vo. Lond. 1672.
Thomas Wright was admitted an Extra-Licentiate
4th February, 1675-6. He was a native of Maidstone
and practised in that town.
(John?) Knight, M.D. — The following is the only
entry in the Annals concerning him :■ — " 1675—6. Mar.
20. Dr. Knight, E,egi Serviens ad Chirurgiam, et jam
gradu doctoratus Kegiis mandatis oriiatus, petiit Li-
centiati privilegia, quod Regise Majestati rem gratam
fore a.ffirmaverat, non denegatum est." This was John
Knight of Caius College, Cambridge, A.B. 1622, A.M.
1626, M.D. 1669. He gave or left to Caius college a
considerable number of heraldic MSS. enumerated in
Bernard's General CataWue of MSS.
"&'
Holt was admitted an Extra-Licentiate of
the College of Physicians 20th April, 1676.
Joseph Edmond was admitted an Extra-Licentiate
of the College of Phj'sicians 27th April, 1676.
Samuel Morris, M.D., was born in Essex, and edu-
cated at Magdalen hall, Oxford, as a member of which
he proceeded bachelor of arts in 1662. He was entered
on the medical line at Leyden 4th July, 1668, being-
then twenty-five years of age, and he graduated doctor
1676] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 389
of medicine in that university. On the nomination of
the prince of Orange, he was incorporated on that
degree at Oxford 20th December, 1670. Dr. Morris
was admitted a Candidate of the College of Physicians
26th June, 1671 ; and a Fellow 26th June, 1676.
John Feak, M.D., was born in London, and on the
13th August, 1669, being then twenty-six years of
age was entered on the physic line at Leyden. He
graduated doctor of medicine there 20th August, 1675,
and was admitted a Licentiate of the College of Phy-
sicians 26th June, 1676.
Nathaniel Firmin, A.B. — A bachelor of arts, of
Caius college, Cambridge, of 1667 ; was admitted a
Licentiate of the College of Physicians 26th June,
1676.
William Bagaley was admitted an Extra-Licen-
tiate of the College of Physicians 12th July, 1676.
Thomas Alvey, M.D., was the son of a London
merchant, and was educated at Merton college, Oxford,
of which house he became probationary fellow in Janu-
ary, 1663. He proceeded A.B. 11th November, 1662 ;
A.M. 14th May, 1667; M.B. 22nd June, 1669; and
M.D. 1st July, 1671. He was admitted a Candidate
of the College of Physicians 22nd December, 1673 ;
and a Fellow 30th September, 1676. He was Censor
in 1683 ;'" Harveian Orator, 1684 ; and was appointed
an Elect 21st January, 1703-4. Dr. Alvey was cer-
tainly dead 21st May, 1704, when Dr. Goodall was
named Elect in his place. He was the author of a
short tract, entitled
* In the year of his Censorship he gave to the then new College in
Warwick-lane a Turkey carpet. " 1683, Oct. v. Comitiis Cens :
Quando tapetem Turcicum a Smyrna allatum eorum naensas inster-
nendum Dr. Alvey, dono daturum se promisitet paulo postbenigne
praestitit."
390 ROLL OF THE [1676
Dissertatiuncula Epistolaris, unde pateat Urinae Materiam potius
e sero Sanguinis quam e sero ad Renes transmitti. 4to. Lond. 1680.
Richard Brown, M.D., was educated at Queen's
college, Oxford, but graduated doctor of medicine at a
foreign university, probably Leyden, for he was ad-
mitted on the physic line there 20th Septemberj 1675,
being then fifty years old. He was admitted a Licen-
tiate of the College of Physicians 30th September, 1676.
We have from his pen —
Medica Musica ; or, a Mechanical Essay on the Effects of Singing,
Music, and Dancing on Human Bodies : with an Essay on the Na-
ture and Cure of the Spleen and Vapours. 8vo. Lond. 1674.
De Principiis, in quo Principia Veterum evertuntur, et Nova sta-
biliuntur. 12mo. Lond. 1678.
Prosodia Pharmacopseorum, or the Apothecary's Prosody. 12nio.
Lond. 1685.
English Grammar. 12mo. Lond. 1692.
The General History of Earthquakes. 8vo. Lond. 1694.
Walter Charleton, M.D., was the son of the Rev.
Walter Charleton, rector of Shepton Mallet, in Somer-
setshire, and was born in the rectory house of that
parish 2nd February, 1619. After receiving a good
preliminary education, under his father's immediate su-
perintendence, he was sent to Magdalen hall, Oxford,
where he became the pupil of Dr. Wilkins, afterwards
bishop of Chester ; and, under his able guidance, made
great progress in logic and philosophy, and was noted
for assiduous application and extensive capacity. He
applied himself to medicine ; and on the breaking out
of the civil war, when Charles I retired to Oxford,
Charleton though then only twenty-two years of age,
(" vir proculdubio doctus et in suafacultate clarus," are
the words of his grace) was created doctor of medicine
(16th January, 1642-3) ; and soon afterwards appointed
physician to the King. When the royal cause became
desperate. Dr. Charleton removed to London ; and on
the 8th April, 1650, was admitted a Candidate of the
CoUege of Physicians. He was one of two travelling
physicians to Charles II, Sir Edward Greaves, Bart.,
1676] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 391
being the other, and was appointed physician in ordinary
to the King while in exile, an honour he retained after
the Restoration. He was one of the original fellows of
the Royal Society. In December, 1664, Dr. Charleton
was elected an Honorary Fellow of the College of Phy-
sicians ; and on the 23rd January, 1676-7, was admit-
ted an Ordinary Fellow. He was Anatomy reader or
Gulstonian lecturer (I am not sure which) in 1679 ;
and on this occasion dehvered the first lecture in the
new (or Cutlerian) theatre in Warwick-lane.'"' He was
Harveian Orator in 1680; Censor, 1677, 1682; Elect,
1686 ; ConsiJiarius, 1687 ; President, 1689, 1690, 1691.
Shortly after this, Dr. Charleton's circumstances being
straitened, he left London and retired to Jersey. On
the 29th Decernber, 1693, his place of Elect was de-
clared void by his absence, and Dr. Downes appointed
in his stead. At this point all tlie biographical notices
I have met with cease ; for, though they are correct in
fixing the period of his death some fourteen years later,
they are altogether silent as to the intervening period.
The CoUege Annals, however, enable me to supply this
deficiency. It is clear that Dr. Charleton, after an ab-
sence of a few years only, returned to London, appa-
rently from Nantwich, where he was living when Wood
wrote. t He was senior Censor for nine consecutive
years, from 1698 to 1706, both included; was re-ap^
pointed Elect on the first vacancy, viz., 5th December,
1701, in place of Dr. Bur well, resigned; was Consili-
arius 1702, 1703, 1704, 1705, 1706 ; again Harveian
Orator in 1702 and 1706 ; and on the 6th December of
the same year, 1706, was appointed Harveian librarian,
with a salary of 20l. per annum. Dr. Charleton died
* " 1678-9, Jan"" xxi. Dr. Charlton jussus est anatomicam
lectionem celebrare Comitiis indictivis peractis preesentem terminum
sequentibus : quod manus summa cum laude perfecit state tempore,
et Theatrum Cutlerianum primus bonis auspieiis inauguravit, pras-
fata prius, a Preeside consummatissimo, oratione nervosa inau-
gurali."
t " Hodie vivit et valetudine fmitur juxta N^antwich in agro
Cestriensi." Hist, et Antiq. Univ. Oxon,
392 ROLL OF THE [1676
of a lingering illness, 24th April, 1707, in the 87th year
of his age. He is represented by his contemporary,
Wood, as " a learned and an unhappy man, aged and
grave, yet too much given to romances." He wsiS a
very voluminous writer ; and the following is, I fear,
but an incomplete list of his published works : —
Spiritus Gorgonicus, vi sufi saxipara exntus, sive de causis, signis
et saBatione Lithiaseos, Diatriba. 8vo. Lugd. Batav. 1650.
A Ternary of Paradoxes : Of the Magnetic Cnre of Wounds :
Nativity of Tartar in Wines : the Image of God in Man: written
in Latin by John Baptist van Helmont ; translated by W. Charle-
ton. 4to. Lond. 1650.
The Darkness of Atheism dispelled by the Light of Nature. A
physico-theological treatise. 4to. Lond. 1652.
The Ephesian and Cimmerian Matrons : two remarkable examples
of the Power of Love and Wit. 8vo. Lond. 1653.
Physiologia Epicuro-Gassendo-Charltoniana ; or, a Fabrick of
Natural Science erected upon the most ancient hypothesis of Atoms.
Folio. Lond. 1654.
Epicurus : his Morals. 4to. Lond. 1655.
The Immortality of the Human Soul, demonstrated by reasons
natural. 4to. Lond. 1657.
CEconomia Animalis : novis in Medicina hypothesibus superstructa
et mechanice explicanda. 12m,o. Lond. 1658.
The Natural History of Nutrition, Life, and Voluntary Motion,
containing all the new discoveries of Anatomists. 4to. Lond.
1658.
Exercitationes Physico-Anatomicce de Q^lconomia Animali. 8vo.
Lond. 1659.
A Character of His Most Sacred Majesty Charles the Second, King
of Great Britain, France, and Ireland, Defender of the Faith, &c.
4to. Lond. 1660.
Exercitationes Pathologicae ; in quibus Morborum pene omnium
natura, generatio, et causae ex novis Anatomicorum inventis sedulo
inquiruntur. 4to. Lond. 1660. '
Chorea Gigantum, or the most famous Antiquity of Great Britain,
Stonehenge, standing on Salisbury Plain, restored to the Danes.
4to. Lond. 1663.
Disquisitiones duae Anatomico-physicse : altera Anatome Pueri
de cselo tacti ; altera de proprietatibus Cerebri humani, 8vo. Lond.
1664.
Gulielmi Ducis Novicastrensis Vita. Folio. Lond. 1668.
Onomasticon Zoicon, plerorumque Animalium differentias et no-
mina propria plui'ibus linguis exponens. 4to. Lond. 1668.
Two Philosophical Discourses : the first concerning the different
Wits of Men- the second concerning the Mystery of Vintners. 8vo.
Lond. 1668.
1676] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 393
De Scorbuto liber singularis : Cui accessit Epipboneina in Medi-
castros. 8vo. Lond. 1671.
The Natural History of the Passions. 8vo. Lond. 3674.
Enquiries into Humane Nature, in six Anatomy Prelections in
the new Theater of the Royal College of Physicians in London. 4to.
Lond. 1680.
The Hannony of Natural and Positive Divine Laws. 8vo. Lond.
1682.
Three Anatomy Lectures, read in March, 1682, in the Anatomie
Theater of His Majesty's Royal College of Physicians in London.
4to. Lo^d. 1683.
Inquisitio Physica de Causis Catameniorum et Uteri Rheuma-
tismo. 8vo. Lond. 1685.
Dr. Chai4eton also printed his two Harveian ora-
tions, and published a translation of some of the writr
ings of Van Helmont. His portrait is in tlie College,
and there is another in the Gallery at Oxford.
Benjamin Temple. — This unfortunate man was born
at Barton, co. Nottingham ; and on the 30th March,
1677, at which time he had been practising physic for
three years at Wigan in Lancashire, was admitted an
Extra-Licentiate of the College of Physicians. Shortly
after this, being on his way to Holland to improve
himself in his profession, he met with the duke of
Monmouth, who engaged him as his physician and sur-
geon in an expedition intended, as he was informed, to
seize some of the West India islands. He knew nothing
of the duke's treasonable design of invading England
till they had been some time at sea. He was taken
prisoner at the fight of Sedgemoor 5th July, 1685, was
brought to trial at Dorchester in September, and being
found guilty was sentenced to be executed, with eleven
others, near the spot where Monmouth had landed. He
resigned himself to his fate, and was executed at Lyme
Regis, CO. Dorset, 12th September, 1685.'"
James Rufine, M.D. — On the 6th June, 1667, being
then eighteen years of age, he was entered on the philo-
sophy line at Leyden, and there he graduated doctor of
* Toulmin's Taunton, p. 536.
394 ROLL OF THE [1677
inedicine 6th May, 1671 (D.M.I, de Passione Cseliaca).
He was incorporated at Cambridge 5th June, 1674 ;
was admitted a Candidate of the College of Physicians
30th September, 1674, and a Fellow 9th April, 1677.
Dr, Kufine was one of four Fellows whose name was
omitted from the charter of king James II.
Sir Thomas Witherley, M.D., was a doctor of
medicine of Cambridge of 1655, and was elected an
Honorary Fellow of the College of Physicians in De-
cember, 1644. On the 9th April, 1677, being then
physician in ordinary to the king, he was admitted a
Fellow, and was named an Elect 21st January, 1678-9.
He was Censor in 1683 ; President, 1684, 1685, 1686,
1687 ; and Consiliarius, 1688 and 1692. Sir Thomas
Witherley died 23rd March, 1693-4.
Edmund Dickinson, M.D., was the son of the Rev.
William Dickenson, rector of Appleton in Berkshire.
He was educated at Eton, and was sent from there to
Merton college, Oxford. He took the two degrees in
arts, A.B. 22nd June, 1647, A.M. 27th November,
1649, and then, applying himself to medicine, accumu-
lated his degrees therein, and proceeded doctor 3rd
July, 1656. The year previous he had pubhshed his
Delphi Phoenicizant/es. Oxon. 12ino. 1655 ;
a very learned work, in which he attempts to prove
that the Greeks borrowed the story of the Pythian
Apollo, and all that rendered the Oracle of Delphi
famous, from Scripture, and the book of Joshua in par-
ticular. This work procured him much reputation at
home and abroad, and Dr. Sheldon, afterwards arch-
bishop of Canterbury, is said to have had so high a sense
of its value that he recommended its author to attach
himself to divinity and take orders. In place of divinity
Dr. Dickinson applied himself to chemistry, and even-
tually became the highest authority on that subject in
this country. About the year 1662 he left liis college,
167 7 J ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 395
took a house in the High-street, Oxford, and for a time
practised with much reputation in that city. Dr. Dickin-
son was elected an Honorary Fellow of the College of
Physicians in December, 1664 ; and, having removed to
London, was, by the earl of Arlington, lord chamberlain
to Charles II, whom he had recovered from a serious
illness, introduced to the king, who made him one of his
physicians in ordinary, and physician to the household.
As the king was a lover of chemistry, and some pro-
ficient therein. Dr. Dickinson, from his knowledge of
that science, grew into great favour, which favour lasted
to the end of Charles's reign, and that of his successor
James II, who continued him in both places. Dr. Dick-
inson was admitted a Fellow of the College 9th April,
1677. Upon the abdication of James II., our physician,
being old and much troubled with stone, retired from
practice, but still continued to apply himself to study.
He had long meditated a system of philosophy, not
founded on hypotheses or even experiment, but chiefly
deduced from principles collected from the Mosaic his-
tory. This appeared in 1702 under the title of
Physica Vetus et Vera, sive Tractatus de Natural! Veritate Hexse-
meri Mosaic!.
Dr. Dickinson died of stone in the bladder 3rd April,
1707, in the 86th year of his age, and was buried in the
church of St. Martin's-in-the-Fields, where a monument
to his memory bears the following inscription : —
Hie subtus jacet Machaon alter
Edmundus Dickinson, M.D.
Olim apud Mertonenses celeberrimEe
Academic Oxoniensis,
Deinde in Collegium Medicorum Londinen :
Socius ;
Tandem Medicus Regius a Regibus Carolo et Jacobo Secundis
cooptatns.
Literato effulsit orbe minores non inter ignes,
Graecus, Hebraeus, Arabs,
Ingenio, Lingua, Docti'ina,
Antiquas Mythologise veritatis
(Pytbonica licet obvolut^ caligine)
indagator nunquam Orientalis literaturse
396 ROLL OF THE [1677
splendore non nitens.
Artem Medicam scriptis expolivit,
inveutis locupletavit,
et, quod raro, Medicus stabilivit Theologum,
Theologus Medicum,
variis ita se probavit modis dignum
Apolline filium.
0 Mors ! quanta tibi vis,
cum nee bonitas neq: mores valent,
sed omnium versatnr urna :
At qualis Victor cum Palmti non sit integra?
Resurget enim immortalis,
' et te (quam viveus toties fugavit)
tandem, Christo Duce, devicta
vivet vigeatq:
Vixit octogenarius sup: ob: diem tert: Aprilis 1707.
He was also the author of
Diatriba de N"o8e in Italiam adventu : ejusque nominibus ethnicis :
nee non de origine Druidum. 8vo. Oxon. 1655.
Epistola ad Theodoruni Mundanum de Qaintessentia Philoso-
phoi-um, cum Mundani Responsis. 8vo. Oxon. 1686.
Michael Langdon. — A naval surgeon (chirurgus
navalis), practising at Launceston, in Cornwall, was ad-
mitted an Extra-Licentiate of the College of Physicians
21st September, 1677. He died 3rd August, 1709, and
was buried in the parish church of St. Mary Magdalene,
Launceston. His monument is in the church. Above
the inscription are the arms of Langdon ; a chevron
between three bears' heads erased, impaled with cheeky
and a chief argent.
Francis Eedes, M.D., was educated at St. Peter's,
Westminster, and elected thence, in 1656, to Christ
church, Oxford, where he took the two degrees in arts,
and then applying himself to medicine, accumulated his
degrees therein, proceeding doctor 4th Jtdy, 1674. He
was admitted a Candidate of our College 25th February,
1674-5 ; and a Fellow 16th October, 1677. He died of
asthma in 1683.
Anthony Lawrence, A.M. — A native of Glouces-
tershire, and a master of arts of Oxford (Oriel college),
1677] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 397
of 4th July, 1674 ; was admitted an Extra-Licentiate
of the College of Physicians, 2nd November, 1677.
William Vaughan, M.D., an Englishman born, on
the 17th July, 1668, being then twenty years of age,
was entered on the physic line at Leyden. He studied
there for nearly three years, and graduated doctor of
medicine therein 1671. He was incorporated at Cam-
bridge 4th July, 1674 ; was admitted a Candidate of
the College of Physicians 30th September, 1674 ; and a
Fellow 25th March, 1678. On the 17th August, ] 676,
he married at Romford, Ann Newton, of Pomford, spin-
ster. He lost his place as a Fellow by long absence
from town,'" but on the 10th April, 1704, was restored,
and was elected Censor in 1704, and Elect 31st May,
1707. He died, as I learn from the Annals, 4th July,
1712.
Edward Hulse, M.D., was'a native of Cheshire, ori-
ginally of Emmanuel college, Cambridge, as a member of
which he commenced A.M. 1660, but from whence he
was ejected for nonconformity soon after the restora-
tion. On the 4th July, 1668, being then thirty- two
years of age, he was entered on the physic line at Ley-
den, where he graduated doctor of medicine, and was
incorporated at Oxford 20th December, 1670, on the
nomination of the prince of Orange, to whose court he
was then physician. He was admitted a Candidate of
the College of Physicians 22nd December, 1675 ; and a
Fellow 22nd December, 1677. He was Censor in 1682,
1691, 1697, 1699; Elect 15th May, 1695; Harveian
Orator 1704 ; and Treasurer from 10th April, 1704 to
the 16th April, 1709.t The Annals record his death
as follows: — "Upon the 3rd of December, 1711, Dr.
* "lOth April, 1704. It being proposed that Dr. William Vaughan,
formerly a Fellow residing in this city, but long absent, should be
put in the same place as before : it was ordered that he should be
in the same place he had before leaving the town, which was next
befoi'e Dr. Hulse, and he took his place accordingly."
t 1709. April 16. " The former treasurer, Dr. Edward Hulse, had
398 ROLL OF THE [1678
Edward Hidse, Fellow, Elect, and late Treasurer of
the College, a person of great skill in the practice of
physick, departed this life in his 81st year." He mar-
ried Dorothy, daughter of Thomas Westrow, esq. and
had by her, among others, a son, Edward, who became
a distinguished physician, and was created a baronet in
1739.
Gabriel Barber, A.M. was educated at Corpus
Christi college, Cambridge, of which house he was a
fellow. He proceeded A.B. in 1 671, A.M. in 1675, and
was admitted an Extra-Licentiate of the College of Phy-
sicians, 7th June, 1678.
Nicholas Darell, M.D. was a doctor of medicine of
Cambridge, per Literas Regias of 1678, and was ad-
mitted a Candidate of the College of Physicians 30th
September, 1678.
Richard Morton, M.D., was the son of a clergy-
man, bom in the county of Suffolk, and was entered
first at Magdalen hall, Oxford, whence he removed to
New colleo^e. He proceeded bachelor of arts 30th Jan-
uary, 1656 ; master of arts 8th July, 1659. Ere he had
taken his master's degree, he was appointed chaplain
of New college, and subsequently he filled a similar
office in an old and highly respectable family in Wor-
cestershire. Having embraced the principles of the
Nonconformists, he found it advisable after the restora-
tion of Charles II. to abandon the profession of divinity,
and adopt that of medicine. He was created doctor of
medicine at Oxford, 20th December, 1670, on the
nomination of the prince of Orange ; and then, settling
in London, was admitted a Candidate of the College of
Physicians 20th March, 1675-6, and a Fellow 23rd
the unanimous thanks of the Boai'd for his good administration of
the College money, by which he was enabled to discharge £300 of
the debt of the College, and he being desirous to lay down that
office, the President proposed Dr. Clerk to be Treasurer."
1G78] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 399
December, 1678. He was incorporated at Cambridge,
on his doctor's degree, in 1680. Dr. Morton was one
of four fellows whose names were omitted by the Char-
ter of James II. anno 1686 ; but he was restored to his
position in 1689, on the recommendation of a committee
of old and new Fellows, who had been nominated by the
College to compose the differences engendered by that
Charter. Dr. Morton was Censor in 1690, 1691, 1697 ;
and died 30th August, 1698.'"' He was buried in the
middle aisle of Christ church, Newgate-street, 7th Sep-
tember, 1698. The flag stone over him bears his arms
and the following inscription :— -
H. S. J.
Richardns Mortonus M.D.
Coll: Med: Lond : Socius
Obiit XXX August 1 salutis MDCXCVIII
Anno J Eetatis LX.
His wife and daughter are also commemorated.
Dr. Morton resided in Grey Friars-court, Newgate-
street. His portrait, by B, Orchard, was engraved by
W. Elder. Dr. Morton's works — which for many years
enjoyed a high reputation, are still often referred to,
and have been several times reprinted on the Continent
— are as follow —
Phthisiologia, seu Exercitationes de Phthisi, tribus libris compre-
hensee, totumque opus variis bistoriis illustratum. 8vo. Lond. 1689.
* Medicus cujus memoriam (verbo absit Invidia) non satis colu-
isse nos videmur, Ricardus Mortonus; vir nequaquam praetereundus ;
qui, etsi tbeoria nimis generali deceptus malignitatem ubique odora-
tus fuit, atque, in spiritibus sustentandis nimis ssepe occupatus, a
vero medendi scopo aliquando aberravit ; in quibusdam tamen fe-
bribus continuis, quarum cnm Intermittentibus necessitudinem pri-
mus nostratium feliciter adhibuit. llle enim corticem Peruvianum,
quo nunc tam graves expugnamus morbos, medicis tunc falso dam-
natum, regnoque pulsum, examinavit, absolvit, reduxit. llle novum
mundum hoc cortice in Europam transmisso, novum morbam, quem
exeunte sseculo penultimo in eam transmiserat, non leviter compen-
sasse, primus indicavit. Hunc, cujus in artem medicam merita
theoriffi illius vel inimicissimi non fateri nequeunt, nos, quorum est
omnia sua cuique tribuere, sequissimis laudibus celebremus. — Oratio
Harveiana anno mdcclv. habita auctore Rob. Taylor.
400 ROLL OF THE [1678
Pyretologia, sen Exercitationes de Morbis Universalibus Acutis.
8vo. Lond. 1692.
Pyretologiffi Pars altera, sive Exercitatio de Febribus inflamma-
toriis universalibus. 8vo. Lond. 1692.
Thomas Fuller, M.D., was born at Rosehill, co.
Sussex, and educated at Queen's college, Cambridge, as
a member of which he proceeded bachelor of medicine
in 1676; and on the 10th February, 1678-9, was ad-
mitted an Extra-Licentiate of the College of Physicians.
He proceeded doctor of medicine, at Cambridge, in 1681.
Dr. Fuller settled at Sevenoaks, in Kent, where he was
greatly esteemed by the rich, and adored by the poor,
to whom he was an especial benefactor, and a zealous
assertor of their rights, having not long before his death
prosecuted the managers of a considerable charity given
to the inhabitants of the town by Sir William Senoke,
and obliged them to produce their accounts in Chan-
cery, and to be subject for the future to an annual elec-
tion. By an epitaph in Sevenoaks church, it appears
that Dr. Fuller was born 24th June, 1654 ; that he
married Mrs. Mary Plumer 23rd September, 1703; and
that he died 17th September, 1734, in the 81st year of
his age, and made the following tetrastic for himself —
Ante obitum felix cantabo epicedia nostra ;
Octoginta annos sum passus tristia terr»,
Mors dabit his finem : niecnra laetamini amici,
yEternum posthac CEelorum. leeta tenebo.
Dr. Fuller's medical publications were —
Pharmacopoeia Extemporanea. 8vo. 1702.
Pharmacopoeia Bateana. 12mo. 1718.
Pharmacopoeia Domestica. 8vo. 1723.
Exanthematologia; or, an Account of Eruptive Fevers. 4to. 1730.
He was also the author of
Introductio ad Prudentiam ; or, Directions, Counsels, and Cau-
tions tending to prudent Management of Affairs in Common Life.
Compiled for the use of the Author's dear son, J(ohn) F(uller).
12mo. 1727.
Introductio ad Prudentiam ; or the Art of right Thinking, assisted
and improved by such notions as Men of Sense and Experience
1679] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 401
have left us in their writings, in order to eradicate Error and plant
Knowledge. 12nio. 1731.
Adigies, Proverbs, Wise Sentiments, and Witty Sayings, Ancient
and Modern, Foreign and British. 12mo. Lond. 1732.
Dr. Fuller's death was prematurely recorded in the
** Gentleman's Magazine " for 1731. The good old doc-
tor, then far advanced in years, had probably at that
time a serious illness; but he survived till 17th Sep-
tember, 1734, when another mistake was made by all
the newspapers, he being then represented as the author
of the *' Medicina Gymnastica." That work was not
his, but the production of Francis Fuller, A.M., of St.
John's Cambridge, who died in June, 1706.''' Dr.
Fuller's portrait by J. Tymewell was engraved by G.
Vertue.
John Castle. — A native of Oxfordshire, was ad-
mitted an Extra-Licentiate 4th March, 1678-9.
John Eobinson, M.D., was admitted an Extra-
Licentiate of the College of Physicians 17th June,
1679. Subsequently he obtained a doctor's degree;
where, I have not been able to discover, but probably
at Leyden or E/heims, for one of his name, an English-
man, then twenty-three years of age, was inscribed on
the medical line at Leyden 7th May, 1678.
Jeremiah Butt. — A native of Gloucestershire, and
not a graduate, at least in medicine ; was admitted a
Licentiate of the College 30th September, 1679. He
was dead on the 25th June, 1694, when his widow ap-
plied " to be forgiven a debt on bond her husband
owed to the College." Her request was granted. He
was buried at Stepney.
Stephen Taylor was admitted an Extra-Licentiate
of the College of Physicians 10th October, 1679. He
seems to have practised at York.
* See Nichols's Literary Anecdotes.
VOL. I. 2d
402 P.OLL OF THE [IGSO
Thomas Dawson, M.D., was of Jesus college, Cam-
bridge, as a member of which he proceeded M.B,
1664 ; and M.D. 9th July, 166.9. He was admitted a
Candidate of the College of Physicians 22nd December,
1679. Dr. Dawson died in 1682, and was buried in
the church of St. Alphage Cripplegate.
Thomas Marshall. — A.dmitted an Extra-Licentiate
of the College, 10th March, 1679-80.
Robert Swale, M.D. —A doctor of medicine of
Padua, of July, 1665 ; was admitted an Extra-Licen-
tiate of the College of Physicians ] 0th March, 1679-80.
Thomas Novell, M.D., was created doctor of medi-
cine at Cambridge, by royal mandate, in 1676. He was
admitted a Candidate of the College of Physicians 20th
March, 1675-6; and a Fellow 5th April, 1680. He
died in prison in 1686.'"
Charles Goodall, M.D., was born in Suffolk. He
was a doctor of medicine of Cambridge, of 26th No-
vember, 1670, probably incorporated on a like degree
from Leyden, conferred immediately before, for he is
known to have been entered on the physic line there
21st June, 1670, being then twenty-eight years of age.
He was admitted a Candidate of the College of Phy-
sicians 26th June, 1676 ; and a Fellow 5th April, 1680.
He was Gulstonian lecturer in 1685 ; Harveian orator,
1694 and 1709 ; Censor, 1697, 1703, 1705, 1706 ; Elect,
21st May, 1704, in place of Dr. Alvey, deceased ; Con-
siliarius, 1708 ; and was el(^cted President 23rd Decem-
ber, 1708, when Dr. Josiah Clarke desired to be removed
from the duties of that office. Dr. Goodall continued
to preside over the College till his death, an event which
stands thus recorded in our Annals : " Dr. Charles
Goodall, President of this College, departed this life at
* " Tho. Novell M.D. qui asre alieno graviter obstrictus atque in
carcerem conjectus inibi naturge debitum solvebat 168G." Dr. Mid-
dleton Massey's MS. Notes.
1G80] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 403
Kensington the 23rd of August, 1712. He was an en-
tire lover of the College, and indefatigable in studying
its prosperity, as appears from his works." He was
physician to the Charterhouse, to which office he was
appointed 28th April, 1691. He was buried in Kens-
ington church ; and on the floor of the south aisle was
a slab thus inscribed —
Hie situs est
Carolus Goodall, M.D.
Coll. Med. Prseses nuperrimus,
Suttonensis liospitii Londineusis ipse Medicus.
Ob: Aug: vicesimo tertio. 1712.
Haller'"' attributes to Dr. Goodall a publication, " de
Cortice Peruviano et ejus usu," probably an inaugural
dissertation at Leyden, but neither name of place nor
date are given.
Dr. Goodall is the Stentor of Garth's Dispensary.
He was one of the most ardent and untiring supporters
of our College, and his whole life, so far as we are able
now to judge, was devoted to its service. His work,
" The Eoyal College of Physicians of London, founded
and established by Law, as appears by Letters Patent,
Acts of Parhament, Adjudged Cases, &c. ; and an His-
torical Account of the College's proceedings against
Empiricks and unlicensed Practisers in every Prince's
reign from their first incorporation to the Murther of
the Royal Martyr King Charles the First," published
in 4to. 1684, was, as we learn from the epistle dedi-
catory to the lord keeper Guildford, undertaken with
the encouragement, if not at the actual request, of the
College. For this he had already shown his quali
fications, by the publication, in 1674, of a work written
in defence of the College,t " against a bold and impu-
dent Libell, published with design to expose that
learned body to contempt." We meet in the Annals
* Biblioth. Botanica. Vol. i, p. 581.
t " The College of Physicians vindicated against a pamphlet
entitled the Corner Stone, &c. ; and the true state of Physic in the
Nation faithfully represented." 8vo. Lond.
2 D 2
404 ROLL OF THE [1680
with frequent mention of Dr. Goodall's services to tlie
College, and I transcribe them as an inducement to
others to follow in his steps : —
" 1684 Novembris die vii. Candidissiraus vir Carolus
Goodall, M.D. qui de Collegio suis improbis laboribus
optime promeritus est, Librum suum, cui titulus habe-
tur ; Collegium Regale, Medicorum Londinensium j ure
et legibus sancitum et stabilitum, una cum Juris Con-
&ultorum peritissimorum sententiis de negotiis ad Col-
legium spectantibus, eidem codici annexis, conventui
obtulit. Insuper Annales Collegii binis voluminibus
in folio inclusos, ab anno millesimo quingentesimo
quinquagesimo quinto usque ad annum millesimum
sexcentesimum quadragesimum septimum, propriis
sumptibus, rite et pulchre ex archetypis exaratos,
elencbis etiam utilibus baud omissis, eidem Concilio
con seer avit, denique hosce tres libros in Censorum et
Delegatorum usus perpetuo cessuros exj)ectat exoptat-
que.
" 1685 Pridie Calendas Octobris. In Comitiis hisce
magnas quid em agere gratias Dhus Prseses, Doctori
Goodall, viro prae aliis totius Collegii publici ingenii, qui,
animi discruciatus ob nonnullorum nuperam administra-
tionem malam, Collegii hujus rationes recte colligendo,
tam debitores quam creditores examinando, scriptiones
etiam cogitate perlegendo, multa sciscitando, plurima
transcribendo, fere omnia denique perlustrando, non
prius triennium jam vel privato suo sumptui non con-
temnendo, vel sibi suoque labori improbo pepercit,
quam reculam banc nostram publicam a nefandis autho-
ribus rnille quasi calamitatibus obrutam aliquo saltem
mode emergentem viderit — quare non magis Prsesidis
exemplo quam ipsius justitise ergo, et gratitudinis de-
bitae similes itidem gratise illi, jam a singulis etiam
Sociis prsesentibus habebantur, et in perpetuam rei
memoriam hisce Fastis inscribendge agnoscebantur."^"
* Of Dr. Goodall's merits as a man and practical pliysician, we
have the all-sufficient testimony of the great Sydenham, -who, in his
dedication of the Schedula Monitoria to Goodall, expresses himself
1680] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 405
Dr. Goodall's portrait, presented bjhis widow in 1713,
is at the College, and to Dr. Goodall himself we are
indebted for the portraits of Henry VIII. and Cardinal
Wolsey now in the Censors' room : ''July 12th, 1706.
Dr. Goodall having in his possession two ancient pic-
tures of Henry VIII. and Cardinal Wolsey, the first
founder of the College, and both benefactors, presented
them this day to the College to be hung up there, for
which generous present the President and Censors gave
him thanks."
Samuel Jolly, of Pendleton, in Lancashire, was ad-
mitted an Extra-Licentiate 10 th April, 1680.
LiVERMORE was admitted an Extra-Licen-
tiate about this time, but the date of his examination
and of his letters testimonial is not recorded. . Under
date of 18th May, 1688, I find the following entry :
" Mr. Liver more, proof being made that he formerly had
a licence to practise without the city, from Sir John
Micklethwaite, then President, and others then Elects,
as was acknowledged this day by Sir Thomas Witherley
himself (the President), it was consented that, having
lost these letters testimonial by fire, he should have
them renewed." He was probably John Livermore, of
Sydney college, Cambridge, A.B. 1667, A.M. 1671.
Thomas Coles, of Salisbury, was admitted an Extra-
Licentiate of the College, 15th June, 1680.
William Warner, M.D., was born in the parish of
St. Olave's, Southwark, 4th August, 1640, and educated
thus : " Obsecro Te, Humanissime Vir, ut Tractatulum hunc aequi
bonique consulas, quo testatum esse volui quanto Te honore prose-
quor ; quod pariter faciunt etiam ii omnes quibus longe minus
quam m.ihi perspecta est virtus Tua : neque jure merito existimare
quis potest, me (qui Tui nullatenus indigeo,) Tibi assentari, ciim
palam protitear, quod, sicuti in ea quam exerces Arte nemini secun-
dus sis, (ut modeste loquar) ita morum integritate honestateque un-
dique absolutissima, omnes fere quorum ego consuetudine unquam
usuB fuei'im superes."
406 ROLL OF THE [1680
at Merchant Taylors" school, which he left in 1657, when
he was admitted probationer fellow of St. John's col-
leofe, Oxford, as a member of which he proceeded A.B.
30th April, 1661 ; A.M. 5th July, 1664; and then, ac-
cumulating his degrees in medicine, proceeded M.D. 6th
July, 1676. He was admitted a Candidate of the Col-
lege of Physicians 30th September, 1676 ; and a Fellow,
25th June, 1680.
James Band, of Colchester, was admitted an Extra-
Licentiate of the College of Physicians 5 th August,
1680.
Nehemiah Grew, M.D., was the son of Obadiah
Grew, a celebrated Nonconformist divine, and was born
at Coventry, about the year 1641.'''" He was educated
at Pembroke hall, Cambridge, as a member of which he
proceeded bachelor of arts in 1661. His medical edu-
cation was probably had in one of the continental uni-
versities, apparently Leyden, for he is known to have
been a dilio-ent student of Drelincurtius and de la Boe
Sylvius, and to have been entered on the physic line
there in July, 1671. Having taken a doctor's degree,
when or where I fail to discover, but if at Leyden,
almost immediately after the date just given, he re-
turned to England. He is said to have settled for a
time at Coventry, but he soon removed to London.
Haller styles him " industrius ubique natures observa-
tor," and he truly deserves that character. As one of
the most laborious and accurate observers of the seven-
teenth century, and the founder of structural and phy-
siological botany, Dr. Grew deserves a fuller notice
than my space permits. He began to turn his atten-
tion to the anatomy of plants as early as the year 1664,
and was led to do so by his previous study of human
and comparative anatomy. Considering that both plants
* He inscribed his name in the Album Studiosorum of Leyden,
on the 6th July, 1671, being then thirty years of age. " 1671. Jul.
6. N^ehemius Grrew Warwicensis Ano-lus 30 M. Cand."
1680] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 407
and animals " came at first out of the. same Hand, and
were therefore the contrlv^ances of the same wisdom,"
lie inferred that they would disclose analogous struc-
tures. In 1670 he put an essay on this subject into
the hands of his brother-in-law, Dr. Henry Samp-
son, who showed it to Mr. Henry Oldenburg, at that
time secretary to the Royal Society, by whom it was
handed to Dr. Wilkins, the bishop of Chester, who read
the manuscript to the Royal Society. That learned
body highly approving of the paper, ordered it to be
printed, and on the 30th November, 1671, admitted
Dr. Grew a fellow of the Society. On the death of Mr.
Oldenburg, in 1677, he was appointed to succeed him
in the office of secretary. At the suggestion of Dr.
Wilkins, Dr. Grew was appointed in 1672 to the newly
created office of " Curator to the Society for the Ana-
tomy of Plants," and in the course of his duties as such,
drew up a series of original and carefully considered
essays, which were read at intervals to the society.
These were collected, and with the portion issued in
1671, were published in a folio volume by order of the
society, in 1682. They constitute the work known as
"The Anatomy of Plants with an Idea of a Philosophical
History of Plants." Sprengel calls it '' opus absolutum
et immortale." "It contains," writes Dr. Thomson,""
" a great deal of valuable and important matter, and
has always been in high estimation and referred to as a
classical work on the subject." The nature of vegeta-
tion and its processes seem to have been unknown
when Grew began his investigations. It is remarked by
Mr. Hallam,t that " no man, perhaps, who created a
science has carried it further than Grew ; he is so close
and diligent in his observations, making use too of the
microscope, that comparatively few discoveries of great
importance have been made in the mere anatomy of
plants since his time." Grew was the first to describe
* " Hisfcorj of the Royal Society." 4to. Lond. 1812, p. 44.
t Introduction to the Literature of Europe. 5th Edition. Loud.
18.!>5. Vol. iv, p. 354.
408 ROLL OF THE [1680
the tracheae of plants ; but his great discovery was that
of the sexual system in plants ; — that the sexual system
is universal in the vegetable kingdom, and tliat the
dust of the antherse is endowed with an impregnating
power. Of Dr. Grew's merits as a physician but little
is known. He was the first to obtain sulphate of mag-
nesia (under the name of " bitter purging salt") from
the Epsom waters, to investigate its action and recom-
mend its employment in the treatment of disease, which
he did in a special treatise in 1697. Dr. Grew was ad-
mitted an Honorary Fellow of the College of Physicians,
30th September, 1680, and died suddenly on the 25th
March, 1712, aged seventy.'" His portrait by R. White,
is at the hall of the Barber Surgeons. It was engraved
in 1700, and is prefixed to his Cosmologia Sacra. Be-
sides the Philosophical Transactions, from January,
1678, to February, 1679, which he edited, Dr. Grew
published —
The Anatomy of Plants begun, witli a general account of Vege-
tation grounded thereon. Bvo. Lond. 1672.
The Anatomy of Roots. Bvo. Lond. 1673.
An Idea of a Phytological History of Plants, together with a Con-
tinuatioa of the Anatomy of Plants prosecuted upon Roots. Fol.
Lond. 1673.
The Anatomy of Trunks, with an account of their Vegetation
grounded thereon. Bvo. Lond. 1675.
Experiments on the Affusion of sevei^al Menstruums upon all
sorts of bodies. 12mo. Loud. 1675.
Museum Regalis Societatis. A Catalogue and Description of the
* " Doctrina atque scientia rerum naturalium inclaruit !N^ehe-
miah Grew socius hujus Collegii per totam Europam celeberrimus.
Innatus in illo fuit cognitionis amor et scientias ; diuque et sedulo
in contemplandis naturee rebus versabatur ; structuram plantarum
quam accuratissime retexuit; deque natura succorum ac salium in
plantis et de earum gustu atque colore quam optime disseruit ; fa-
bricam intestinorum et glandularum in animalibus mira sagacitate
aperuit ; res omnes raras et admirandas in repositorio Societatis Re-
giaB descripsit ; et ex rebus creatis et imprimis ex structura atque
fabrica animalium Magnum Rerum Creatorem existere quam pul-
cherrime demonsti'avit ; ornamentum ac decus fuit et patriae et Col-
legio nostro." Oratio Harveiana habita 18 Octobris 1775 ; auctore
Donaldo Monro, M.D.
1680] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 409
Natural and Artificial Rareties belon^ng to the Royal Society, with
a Comparative Anatomy of Stomachs and Gats. Folio. Lond.
1681.
The Anatomy of Plants, with an Idea of a Philosophical History
of Plants. Folio. Lond. 1682.
A Treatise of the nature and use of the Bitter Purging Salt.
12mo. Lond. 1697.
Tractatus de Salis Cathartici Amari in Aquis Ebeshamensibus
et hujusmodi aliis contenti, natura et usu. 8vo. Lond. 1698.
Cosmologia Sacra ; or, a Discourse of the Universe, as it is the
Creature and Kingdom of God ; chiefly written to demonstrate the
truth and excellency of the Bible, which contains the Laws of his
Kingdom in this Lower World. Folio. Lond. 1701.
John" Windebanke, M.D., was the fifth, but f(airth
surviving son of Sir Francis Windebanke, secretary of
state to Charles I. He was baptized at St. Margaret's,
Westminster, 11th June, 1618, and was matriculated
at Oxford as a member of New college, of which house
he subsequently became a fellow. In due course he
took the two degrees in arts, but was actually created
doctor of medicine 5th April, 1654, in virtue of the
chancellor's (Oliver Cromwell's) letters, which stated
that "since he hath left the university he hath spent
some time in foreign parts in the study of physic, and
hath been a practitioner in that faculty for some years
with much credit and reputation." Dr. Windebanke
practised at Guildford, Surrey, and was admitted an
Honorary Fellow of the College of Physicians 30th Sep-
tember, 1680. He was buried on the 16th August,
1704, in the south cloister of Westminster abbey. His
will, wherein he is described as of St. Martin's-in-the-
Fields, is dated l7th February, 1703-4, and was proved
15th August following.'"
Nicholas Butler, M.D. — A doctor of medicine of
Cambridge (per Literas Hegias), of 17th June, 1670 ;
was admitted an Honorary Fellow of the College of
Physicians 30th September, 1680.
Daniel Coxe, M.D. — A doctor of medicine of Cam -
* Chester's Westminster Abbey Registers, p. 254.
410 HOLL OF THE [1680
bridge (per Literas Hegias), of 1 669, was admitted an
Honorary Fellow of the College of Physicians 30th
September, 1680. He died 19th January, 1729-30,
aged 90.
John Master, M.D., was educated at Christchurch,
Oxford, and, accumulating his degrees in physic, pro-
ceeded M.D. 4th July, 1672. He was the intimate
friend of Dr. Thomas Willis, and assisted him in the
dissections necessary for the preparation of his work
" de Anima Brutorum," in the preface to which he is
characterised as " vir doctissimus ac intimus amicus
mens, artis medicse et anatomise peritus." He likewise
assisted Dr. Willis in the Pharmaceutice Rationalis.
He was admitted an Honorary Fellow of the College of
Physicians 30th September, 1680.
William Buunett, M.D. — A master of arts of Aber-
deen, incorporated, as our Annals state, on that degree
at Oxford, 6th June, 1661, and a doctor of medicine of
Anjouof 8th August, 1663 ; was admitted an Honorary
Fellow of the College of Physicians 30th September,
1680.
Edward Jones, M.D. — A dqctor of medicine (but of
what university is not stated in the Annals), was ad-
mitted an Honorary Fellow of the College 30th Sep-
tember, 1680.
Henry Sampson, M.D., was the son of Mr. William
Sampson, " a religious gentleman," of South Leverton,
Nottinghamshire. He received a good preliminary edu-
cation at Coventry, whence he was transferred to Pem-
broke hall, Cambridge, where he took the two degrees
in arts, and was elected a fellow of his college. Having
served various offices in his college, he was, after a feAv
years, presented to the living of Framhngham. While
Sampson was at Framlingham he published an edition
of Thomas Parker's " Methodus Gratise Divinae," and
there, and also at Coventry, where Sampson often otli-
1680] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS, 411
ciated for Dr. Obadiah Grew, he preached " with great
acceptance," and m both places acquired a reputation
which was long remembered. But this was in the time
of rebelUon and the protectorate ; and when Cliarles II
returned, bringing conformity and uniformity in his
train, Sampson's conscience compelled him to forsake
all and begin the world anew. He now turned his
thoughts to physic ; and, going first to Padua, and
afterwards to Leyden, at the latter proceeded doctor of
medicine 12tb July, 1668. (D.M.I, de celebri Indica-
tionum fundamento, contraria contrariis curari. 4to.) He
then settled in London, and on the 30th September,
1680, was admitted an Honorary Fellow of the College
of Physicians. His practice is said to have been exten
sive, but confined almost entirely to a particular class
of persons, the connections of those who, like himself,
had been ejected by the Bartholomew act. Sampson
not merely regretted the times gone by, but determined
to vindicate them. He set himself to collect materials
for a history of Puritanism and Nonconformity ; and as
he passed day by day from house to house of his ejected
friends and patients, he gathered up facts, and tales,
and anecdotes, many of which he intended to use in his
meditated book. He entered these materials in his
diaries, together with the register of his medical prac-
tice ; recipes for potions and plasters, blisters, and black
draughts, stood side by side with pious reflections, witty
repartees, and curious histories, medical, theological,
and biographical. These books would now be inva-
luable, but they are not known to exist. Some volumes
of them were handed over to Calamy, who explained
Sampson's scheme, and used his materials in the abridge-
ment of "Baxter's Life and Times." 2 vols. 8vo. 1713,
and afterwards in the "Nonconformist's Memorial."
Some extracts from others of Sampson's diaries found
their way into the possession of Ralph Thoresby. The
latter were bought at the sale of Thoresby 's MSS., and
now form part of the Birch or Additional MSS., British
Museum, 4460. Sampson was singularly unfortunate
412 ROLL OF THE [1680
in his literary designs. Whilst at Cambridge, he made
some collections for a history of the eminent men of
that university ; but these, hke the former, have long
been lost."^''
Dr. Sampson died 23rd July, 1700, aged 71, and was
buried at Clayworth, Nottinghamshire, where a monu-
ment to his memory presents the following inscrip-
tion : —
Henbicus Sampson,
LevertoniEe ad Austrura natus,
CoventriEe bonis literis et Unguis institatus, *
Aulse Pembrocliiauae apud Cantabrigienses Socius,
Lugduni Batavorum in Medicina Doctor creatus,
Collegii Medicorum quod Londini est Socius llonorarius :
Theosophise qus6 primo pura inde et pacifica studiosus :
Donee
una cum senecta asthmate etiam saevo,
tanquam mari turbido, jaetatus, quassus, fractus,
Clawortlium tandem appulit et portum invenit,
ubi exuvias deposuit;
ossa scilicet juxta Filii ossa sita.
Alteram sui partem, qase nee carnem habet nee ossa,
immortalitatem spirantem, Patri spirituum,
qui solus immortalitatem babet, sursum redidit,
Die 2.3 Julii, Anno Domini 1700, eetat. suae 71.
In memoriam tam cbari capitis
hoc marmor moerens posuit
Conjux viduata tedis
Anna Sampson.
John Garrett, M.D., came before the College of
Physicians in 1679, without a degree in medicine ; and,
after the usual examinations, was, on the 22nd Decem-
ber, admitted a Licentiate. In the following year he
was created doctor of medicine at Cambridge (per
Literas Regias), and on the 30th September, 1680, was
admitted an Honorary Fellow. He died 8th August,
1683, aged 50, and was buried at St. Dunstan's in the
East, where a monument to his memory bears the fol-
lowing inscription: —
Hie juxta sepultus jacet Johannes Garrett
in florentissima Academia
* Gent. Mag. for April, 1851.
1680] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 413
Cantabrigiensi Medicinae Doctor
Qui dura vitalem sortitus est Eclampslm
in artem medicam discendo
Therapeuticamq : felici cum successu
(favente Arcliiatro Cselesti) exercendo
triginta quinque transegit annos
verum enimvero cum ad quinquagesimum
^tatis attigisset inevitabili fato
suam passus est eclipsin sive bioljchnii
extinctionem, animamque fide Christiana
Deo datori exbalavit
die octavo Mensis Augusti, Anni MDCLXXXIII.
Thomas Gibson, M.D., was born at Bampton in
Westmorland. He graduated doctor of medicine at
Leyden, 20th August, 1675, and was admitted a Licen-
tiate of the College of Physicians 26th June, 1676. He
is stated in the Annals to have been created doctor of
medicine by the archbishop of Canterbury, 16th May,
1663, and to have been admitted ad eundem, at Cam-
bridge, 5th October, 1671. His incorporation at Cam-
bridge is not recorded in the " Graduati Cantabrigien-
ses." He was admitted an Honorary Fellow of the
College of Physicians 30th September, 1680. Dr. Gib-
son was appointed physician-general to the army on the
21st January, 1718-9; and dying on the 16th July,
1722, aged 75, was buried in the ground adjoining the
Foundling hospital, belonging to St. George the Martyr,
Queen's-square. He married to his second wife Anne,
the youngest daughter of Pichard Cromwell, the short-
lived Protector. She died 7th December, 1727, set. 69.
Dr. Gibson was the author of —
The Anatomy of Humane Bodies epitomized. 8vo. Lond. 1682 ;
a work very popular in its day, and which ran to at
least seven editions. It was really only a new and
augmented edition of Read's book on that subject, but
as Haller'" says, containing "niliil de suo."
Robert Wittie, M.D. — A native of Yorkshire, the
only son of George Wittie of Beverley, esquire, by his
* Biblioth. Anat., vol. i, p. 688.
414 ROLL OF THE [1680
wife Anne (laughter of William Howard of Theme in
the same county, was baptised at St. Mary's, Beverley,
14th November, 1613. He was a doctor of medicine
of Cambridge (King's college), incorporated at Oxford
13th July, 1680. Dr. Wittie practised for some few
years at Hull, but in 1665, wdien Dugdale made his
visitation of the county, he was residing and practising
as a physician in the city of York. From MSS. in the
possession of his descendants it would seem that he was
settled at York in December, 1651, and that he lived
in the parish of St. Martin's, Coney-street, where his
mother was buried 2nd December, 1675. On his re-
tirement from the active exercise of his profession Dr.
Wittie removed to London; and was admitted an Hono-
rary Fellow of the College of Physicians 30th Septem-
ber, 1680. He died in October, 1684. His will, in
which he describes himself as " of the parish of St. Mi-
chael Basse Shaw," was dated 5th October, and proved
23rd October, 1684. He had married Mary the second
daughter of Henry Hall of East Billing, co. York, es-
quire. His portrait, engraved by Cross, is prefixed to
his translation of Primrose's Popular Errors in Physick.
4to. 1651. He was the author of the following works : —
The Antimoiiial Cup twice cast. Translated from J. Primrose.
12mo. Lond. 1640.
Scarborough Spaw ; or, a description of the Nature and Virtue of
the Spaw at Scarborough, in Yorkshire. — Treatise of the Nature
and Use of Water in General, and the several sorts thereof, as sea,
rain, snow, pond, &c. — A short discourse concerning Mineral Waters,
especially that of the Spaw. 8vo. Lond. 1G60.
These three are generally found in one volume. A
second edition, " corrected and augmented throughout
the whole, together with an historical relation of cures
done by the Waters," appeared in 1667. Its publica-
tion occasioned a bitter controversy on the subject of
the mineral waters of Scarborough, which was kept alive
for several years afterwrtrds. The chief antagonists of
Dr. Wittie were Dr. William Simpson, a physician at
Wakefield, and Dr. George Tunstall, of Durham. The
1680] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 415
work on Scarborough Spa was published also in Latin,
by the author, under the title of
Fons Scarburgensis, sive Tractatus de omnis Aquarum Generis
Orisfine et Usu. Lond. 8vo. 1678.
Pyrologia Mimica: or, an Answer to Hydrologia Ctemica of
William Simpson, in defence of Scarborough Spaw, wherein the
five mineral principles of the said Spaw are defended against all his
objections. Lond. 8vo. 1669.
Gout Raptures ; or, an Historical Fiction of a War among the
Stars, wherein are mentioned the seven planets, the twelve signs of
the zodiack, and the fifty constellations of heaven mentioned by the
ancients. Lond. 8vo. 1677.
A Survey of the Heavens : a plain description of the admirable
fabrick and motions of the heavenly bodies, &c. Lond. 8vo. 1680.*
Valentine Oldis, M.D. — A doctor of medicioe of
Cambridge, per Literas Regias, of 6th October, 1671 ;
was admitted an Honorary Fellow of the College of
Physicians 30th September, 16h0, He died in 1685,
aged sixty-five, and was the author of —
A Poem on the Restoration of King Charles. Folio, 1660.
John James, M.D. — A doctor of medicine of Cam-
bridge, of 4th October, 1678 ; was admitted an Hono-
rary Fellow of the College 30th September, 1680.
Isaac Chauncey was the eldest son of Charles
Chauncey, president of Harvard college. New England,
by his wife Catherine Ay re. He was born the 23 rd,
and baptized at Ware, co. Herts, 30th August, 1632.
He was not more than three years of age when his
father removed to New England. He was entered a
student of Harvard college m 1651, but completed his
education in England, at Oxford, where he took the de-
gree of master of arts. Some time before the Restora-
tion he was presented to the living of Woodborouo-h iij
Wiltshire, where he continued till the Act of Uniformity
ejected him in 1662. After this he removed to And over,
where he was pastor of a congregational church ; and
* For much of the information concerning Dr. Wittie I am in-
debted to John Sykes, M.D., of Doncaster. ,
416 ROLL OF THE [1680
about the same time, viz., 5th July, 1669, was admitted
an Extra-Licentiate of the College of Physicians. Hav-
ing quitted Andover some time after the recalHng of
king Charles's indulgence, he came to London with
the design of acting chiefly as a physician ; and on the
30th September, 1680, was admitted a Licentiate of
the College. In October, 1687, he was appointed pastor
of an Independent meeting-house, in Bury-street, St.
Mary Axe. In this office he continued fourteen years,
and resigned his charge 15th April, 1701, having dur-
ing the whole period been also engaged in the practice of
medicine. Finally, he was chosen tutor of a new aca-
demical institution of the Nonconformists of the Con-
gregational persuasion, over which he presided till his
death, on the 28th February, 1712."""
Praise Watson, M.D., was educated at Jesus col-
lege, Cambridge, and admitted an Extra-Licentiate of
the College of Physicians 22nd January, 1675-6. He
took the degree of doctor of medicine, at LTtrecht, 2nd
August, 1667 ; and on the 30th September, 1680, was
admitted a Licentiate of the College.
Edward Bell, A.M. — A master of arts of Edin-
burgh, of 22nd April, 1676, who had studied medicine
at Leyden, where he was entered 12th July, 1677, was
admitted a Licentiate of the College of Physicians 30th
September, 1680.
Samuel Haworth. — A native of Hertfordshire ; " e
comitatu Hertfordise, Cantabrigiensis olim de collegio
Signeo," was admitted an Extra-Licentiate of the Col-
lege of Physicians 12th October, 1680. There are
grounds for believing that he became bachelor of
medicine at Cambridge and doctor of medicine at
Paris. t He was one of the physicians to James II
* Wilson's History of Dissenting Churches and Meeting Houses,
voh i, p. 289.
t 1863. Aug. iii. Ds Sa Haworth comparens, se Doctoratus
1680] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 417
when duke of York, and he attained aome notoriety
in his day as a curer of consumption by a special
method of his own. We have from his pen
AvOpoiroXo^fia, a Philosophical DLscourse concerning' Man, being
the Anatomy of his Soul and Body. 8vo. Lond. 1680.
The true method of curing Consumptions, wherein the vulgar
method is discovered to be useless and pernicious, &c. 12mo.
Lond. 1682.
Description of the Duke's Bagnio, and of the Mineral Bath and
New Spa thez'eto belonging. 8vo. Lond. 1683.
Phineas Fowke, M.D., was born in Yorkshire. He
was the son of Walter Fowke, Esq., of Brewood and
Little Wirley, M.D., by his first wife Mary, relict of Wil-
ham Thornton and daughter of the Rev. Thomas Mickle-
thwaite, rector of Cherry Burton, co. York. He was
baptized at Bishop Burton 7th January, 1638-9. Ad-
mitted at Queen's college, Cambridge, 21st April, 1654;
he graduated A.B. 1657-8, and on the 26th March,
1658, was admitted a fellow of that house. The books
of the college record his re-election and re-admission as
a fellow on the 23rd August, 1660, an ofiice which he
retained until 1684, when he vacated it by his marriage
on the 2nd June, 1684, at St. Mary's Salop, to Sarah,
daughter of Sir Vincent Corbet, bart. He proceeded
A.M. 1661 and M.D. 1668, was admitted a Candidate
of the College of Physicians 23rd January, lQ>7Q-7, and
a Fellow 12th November, 1680. Dr. Fowke practised
for some years in London, but eventually withdrew to
his seat. Little Wirley hall. His wife did not long
survive. She was buried at St. Chad's, Salop, 6th De-
cember, 1686. The doctor himself died at Little Wir-
ley on the 21st January, 1710, aged 72, and was buried
in the church of Brewood on the 26th. He is com-
memorated, however, on his wife's monument in St.
Chad's, Shrewsbury.
gradum Lutetise Parisiorum adeptum nee non diploma inde nactum
esse affirmabat quinetiam medicinse Baccalaureum apud Cantabri-
gienses olim extitisse.
VOL. I. 2 E
418 ROLL OF THE [1680
KoBERT Brady, M.D., was born at Denver, in the
county of Norfolk, and educated at Caius college, Cam-
bridge ; as a member of which he proceeded bachelor of
medicine in 1653, and was created doctor, per Literas
Kegias, 5th September, 1660. In 1669 he was elected
master of Caius college, in pursuance of a mandate from
king Charles II ; shortly after this was appointed keeper
of the records in the Tower of London; and in 1677
was promoted to the Eegius professorship of medicine
at Cambridge. He was admitted a Fellow of the Col-
lege of Physicians 12th November, 1680. He was phy-
sician in ordinary to king Charles II and king James II;
and was one of those who, on the 22nd October, 1688,
gave in their depositions concerning the' birth of the
prince of Wales. Dr. Brady died 19th August, 1700,
aged 73, and was buried in the church of Denver, co.
Norfolk, where there is a black marble slab with the
following inscription : —
Depositum
RoBEETi Bkady, M.D.
serenissimis principibus Carolo et Jacobo 2"^"^ Medici Ordinarii,
Regii apud Cantabr: Medicinse professoris,
Collegii de Gonville et Caius 40 circiter annos
Custodis vigilantissimi et benefactoris mnnificentissimi,
qui, postquam rem medicam et historicam,
summa diligentia et fide,
tam praxi quam scriptis feliciter exornaverat,
apud suos Denverienses, ubi primum hauserat spiritum,
■altimum clausit diem Aug: 19, A°. Dom. 1700, aetat: suae 73.
Dr. Brady was the friend of Sydenham, and to him
the first of the " Epistolse Kesponsorise " was addressed.
He is, however, better remembered as an historian than
a pliysician, and in that capacity was deserving of the
highest praise. Hearne, the Oxford antiquary, writes
thus : " Rob. Bradius plerisq. omnibus sequioris sevi
historicis nostris Anglicanis sit anteferendus.'' He was
the author of^ —
An Introduction to the Old English History. Lond. Folio. 1684.
True and exact History of the Succession of the Crown of Eng-
land, collected out of records and the best histories. Folio. 1684.
1680] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 419
An Historical Treatise on Cities and. Boroughs. Folio. Lond.
1690.
An Inquiry into the remarkable instances of History and Parlia-
ment Records u.sed by the author [Stiliingfleet] of the Unreason-
ableness of a New Separation on account of the Oaths. 4to. Lond.
1691.
A Complete History of England, from, the first entrance of the
Romans unto the end of the reign of King Richard II. 2 vols.
Folio. Lond. 1700.
Dr. Brady devised a considerable paternal estate to
Caius college, and 500/. towards the purchase of a per-
petual advowson.
Andrew Clench, M.D., was created doctor of medi-
cine at Cambridge, by royal mandate, 29th March,
1671 ; and was admitted a Candidate of the College
of Physicians 22nd December, 1677 ; and a Fellow 23rd
December, 1680. Of his professional career I am un-
able to recover any particulars. Dr. Clench was ad-
mitted a fellow of the Royal Society 22nd April, 1680.
He was, as we learn from Evelyn (Diary), barbarously
murdered, under circumstances of great atrocity, in the
month of January, 1691-2. " This week," writes he,
" a most execrable murder was committed on Dr.
Clench, father of that extraordinary learned child
whom I have before mentioned. Under pretence of
carrying him in a coach to see a patient, they strangled
hiin in it ; and, sending away the coachman under some
pretence, they left his dead body in the coach, and
escaped in the dark of the evening." A man of the
name of Harrison was convicted of the murder and
executed.
The account given by Evelyn of Dr. Clench's extra-
ordinary son is so interesting that I make no apology
for extracting it : —
" 27th January, 1688-9. I dined at the Admiralty,
where was brought in a child not twelve years old, the
son of one Dr. Clench, of the most prodigious maturity
of knowledge, for I cannot call it altogether memory,
but something more extraordinary. Mr. Pepys and
2 e 2
420 ROLL OF THE ' [1680
myself examined him, not in any method, but promis-
cuously, with questions which required judgment and
discernment to answer so readily and pertinently.
There w^as not anything in chronology, history, geo-
graphy, the several systems of astronomy, courses of
the stars, longitude, latitude, doctrine of the spheres,
courses and sources of rivers, creeks, harbours, emi-
nent cities, boundaries and bearings of countries, not
only in Europe, but in any other part of the earth ;
which he did not readily resolve and demonstrate his
knowledge of, readily drawing out with a pen anything
he would describe. He was able to repeat not oirly the
most famous things which are left us in any of the
Greek and Roman histories, monarchies, republics, wars,
colonies, exploits by sea and land, but all the sacred
stories of the New and Old Testament, the succession
of all the monarchies — Babylonian, Persian, Greek,
Koman ; with all the lower emperors, popes, heresi-
archs, and councils, what they were called about, what
they determined on in the controversy about Easter ;
the tenets of the Gnostics, Sabellians, Arians, Nesto-
rians ; the difference between St. Cyprian and Stephen
about rebaptization ; the schisms, &c. We leaped from
that to other things totally different — to Olympic years
and synchronisms ; we asked him questions which could
not be resolved without considerable meditation and
j udgment ; nay, of some particulars of the civil laws,
of the digest, and code. He gave a stupendous account
of both natural and moral philosophy, and even in meta-
physics.
" Having thus exhausted ourselves rather than this
wondrous child, or angel rather, for he was as beautiful
and lovely in countenance as in knowdedge, we concluded
with asking him if, in all he had read or heard of, he
had ever met with anything which was like this expe-
dition of the Prince of Orange, with so small a force to
obtain three great kingdoms without any contest. After
a little thought he told us that he knew^ of nothing
which did more resemble it than the coming of Con-
1681] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 421
stantine the Great out of Britain, through France and
Italy, so tedious a march, to meet Maxentius, whom he
overthrew at Pons Milvius with very little conflict, and
at the very gates of Rome, whicii he entered, and was
received with triumph, and obtained the empire not of
three kingdoms only, but of all the known world. He
was perfect in Latm authors, spake French naturally,
and gave us a description of France, Italy, Savoy, Spain
anciently and modernly divided, as also of ancient
Greece, Scythia, and northern countries and tracts. We
left questioning farther.
" He did this without any set or formal repetitions,
as one who had learned things without book, and as if
he minded other things, going about the room and toy-
ing with a parrot there, and, as he was at dinner {tan-
quam aliitd agens, as it were), seeming to be full of
play, of a lively, sprightly temper, always smiling and
exceeding pleasant, without the least levity, rudeness,
or childishness.
"His father assured us he never imposed anything
to charge his memory by causing him to get things by
heart, not even the rules of grammar ; but his tutor
(who was a Frenchman) read to him first in French,
then in Latin ; that he usually played amongst other
boys four or five hours every day, and that he was as
earnest at his play as at his study. He was perfect in
arithmetic, and now newly entered into Greek. In
sum, horresco 7'eferens, I had read of divers forward and
precocious youths, and some I have known ; but I never
either did hear or read of anything like to this sweet
child, if it be right to call him child who has more
knowledge than most men in the world. I counselled
his father not to set his heart too much on this jewel.
Tmmodicis hrevis est cetas et rara senectus."
EoBERT Leman, of Oultou, in Norfolk, was admitted
an Extra-Licentiate of the College of Physicians 27 th
June, 1681.
John Halson, of Colyton in the county of Devon,
422 ROLL OF THE [1682
was admitted an Extra-Licentiate of the College 27th
October, 1681.
Samuel Stubbs, of Leeds, was admitted an Extra-
Licentiate of the College of Physicians 27th October,
1681.
Henry Proctor, of Abbot's Langley in Hertford-
shire, was admitted an Extra-Licentiate 8 th November,
1681.
William Dawkins, M.D., was educated at St.
John's college, Cambridge, as a member of which he
graduated M.B. 1674, M.D. 1679. He was admitted
a Candidate of the College of Physicians 30th Septem-
ber, 1679, and a Fellow 12th April, 1682. He was
Gulstonian lecturer in 1684, and Censor in 1685 and
1686. Dr. Dawkins died under very painful cii^cum-
stances, as we learn from the following entry in the
Annals : —
" 1690, Januarii 17. Circa idem tempus Dr. Gu-
lielmus Dawkins, vir singulari eruditione, structure
corporis eleganti, moribus suavissimis, praxi in medi-
cina felicissima, diem supremum obiit, sed adeo vehe-
menter egenus, ut cum res nulla domi suppeteret, de
publicis Collegarum et amicorum suorum sumptibus
Januarii 25 elatus est. Toto vitse curriculo se ingens
exemplar human se fragilitatis ostendit, in ipso pene ar-
ticulo mortis, aut citius (uti adfirmabant circumstantes
omnes) Chris tiange paenitentise ; et, ut uno verbo com-
plectar omnia, is erat de quo vere dici potuit, nullum
abfuisse numen prseter solam prudentiam." He was
buried at St. Katherme's, Leadenhall-street.
Joseph Bond, M.D. — On the 20th September. 1674,
being then twenty-six years of age, he was entered on
the physic line at Leyden, and before the end of that
year he graduated doctor of medicine at Groningen.
Dr. Bond was admitted an Extra-Licentiate of the Col-
1682] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 423
lege of Physicians 17th August, 1682, and practised at
Chard^ in Somersetshire.
John Tarchill, a native of Somersetshire, was ad-
mitted an Extra-Licentiate of the CoUeofe 17 th Auofust,
1682.
Walter Harris, M.D., was born in the city of
Gloucester in 1647, and educated at Winchester school,
whence he was elected to New colleo^e, Oxford, of
which society he was subsequently a fellow, lie pro-
ceeded bachelor of arts 10th October, 1670. Havinof
embraced the doctrines of the church of Home, he, in
1673, resigned his fellowship at New college, devoted
himself to medicine, went over to the Continent, and on
the 20th July, 1675, proceeded doctor of medicine at
Bourges in France. In the following year Dr. Harris
settled in London, and commenced practice chiefly
among the members of his adopted church. When, in
consequence of Oates's plot, in 1678, all Catholics were
ordered to leave the metropolis, he seceded from the
church of Rome, and published a pamphlet entitled
A Farewell to Popery. 4to. Lond. 1679.
Dr. Harris was incorporated on his doctor's degree at
Cambridge in 1679 ; was admitted a Candidate of the
College of Physicians 5th April, 1680 ; and a Fellow
30th September, 1682. He was Censor in 1688, 1698,
1700, 1704, 1714 ; Elect, 28th June, 1705, in place of
Dr. Lawson ; Harveian orator in 1699, again m 1707,
1713, and for the fourth time in 1726 ; Treasurer, 1714,
1715, 1716, 1717: and Consiliarius from 1711 unin-
terruptedly to his death, which occurred in Ped Lion-
square, 1st August, 1732. Dr. Harris was appointed
Lumleian lecturer 23rd October, 1710, and held that
office as long as he lived. Most of the works, to be
presently mentioned, consisted of the substance of the
lectures he had delivered at the College. At the Re-
volution he was, on the recommendation of archbishop
424 ROLL OF THE [1682
Tillotson, appointed physician to king William III. Dr.
Harris's published works were as follow : —
Pliarmacologia Anti-empirica ; or, a Rational Discourse of Reme-
dies, both Chemical and Galenical. 8vo. Lond. 1683,
De Morbis Acutis Infantum. Svo. Amstel. 1698.
De Morbis aliquot Gravioribus Observationes. 8vo. Lond. 1720.
De Paste Dissertatio, cui accessit Descriptio Inoculationis Vario-
larum. Lond. 1721.
Dissertationes Medicse et Chirurgicse. Svo. Lond. 1725.
Andrew Griffiths, M.D. — A master of arts of
Christchurch, Oxford, of 30th June, 1679, who had
studied physic at Ley den, where he was inscribed 29 th
March, 1680, and then practising at Shrewsbury (" de
villa Salopise et ibidem bene in praxi medica exercita-
tus ") ; was admitted an Extra-Licentiate of the College
of Physicians 18th December, 1682. He proceeded
doctor of medicine at Cambridge, as a member of Mag-
dalen college, in 1686.
William Briggs, M.D., was the son of Augustine
Briggs, an alderman of Norwich, who represented that
city in four parliaments. Our physician when thirteen
years of age was sent to Corpus Christi college, Cam-
bridge, and placed under the care of Dr. Tenison, after-
wards archbishop of Canterbury. He proceeded bachelor
of arts in 1666 ; was elected a fellow of his college in
1668 ; took his degree of master of arts in 1670 ; and
on the 26th October of that year was incorporated at
Oxford on his master's degree. He then travelled for
some time upon the continent, and ultimately proceeded
doctor of medicine at Cambridge, 30th July, 1677. Dr.
Briggs was admitted a Candidate of the College of Phy-
sicians 5th April, 1680, and a Fellow 22nd December,
1682. He was Censor in 1685, 1686, 1692. He was ap-
pointed one of the physicians to St. Thomas's hospital in
1682, and was one of the physicians in ordinary to king
William III. Dr. Briggs died 4th September, 1704,
at Town Mailing, in Kent, and was buried there on the
11th. He had married Hannah the only daughter and
heiress of Edmund Hobart, of Holt, in the county of
1683]
ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 425
Norfolk, esquire, and in Holt church a cenotaph to Dr.
Briggss memory was erected in 1737 by his son, Henry
Briggs, D.D., rector of that parish and chaplain in ordi-
nary to the king. It is thus inscribed —
Virtus est Dei.
This tablet is erected to the Memory of
William Briggs, M.D.,
Physician in Ordinary to King William the III,
Fellow of the College of Physicians in London,
and of the Royal Society.
He was born at N^orwich,
being son of Augustine Briggs, Esqr.,
four times Member of Parliament for that City,
descended from an ancient family of that name at Salle in this
county.
He was admitted into Corpus Christi College in Cambridge
at thirteen years of age under the care of
Dr. Tenison, afterwards Archbishop of Canterbury,
where he was chosen fellow,
and had the tuition of a good number of pupils,
discharging that trust with honour to the College.
After he had improved himself by his travels into foreign countries,
being well versed in most parts of learning, he settled at London,
where he practised with great success,
and soon became very eminent in his profession.
He was particularly famous for his exquisite skill in difficult cases
of the eye,
and published two valuable treatises upon that subject.
He died September the 4th, 1704, aged 62,
at Town Mailing, in Kent, where he lies interred,
leaving three children, Mary, Henry, and Hannah.
Dr. Briggs was the author of some interesting papers
in the " Philosophical Transactions," and of
Ophthalmographia, sive Oculi ejusque Partium Descriptio Anato-
mica : cui accessit Nova Yisionis Theoria. 12mo. Cantab. 1676.
" The hypothesis of vibrations as an explanation of
the phenomena of nervous action," writes Dugald Stew-
art, " first attracted public notice in the writings of Dr.
WilHam Briggs. It was from him that Sir Isaac New-
ton derived his anatomical knowledge ; along with
which he appears plainly from his Queries to have im-
bibed also some of the physiological theories of his pre-
426 ROLL OF THE [1683
ceptor.""^^ Dr. Briggs' portrait, by R. White, was en-
graved by J. Faber.
Isaac Dennis. — A native of Poictiers; was admitted
an Extra-Licentiate of the College of Physicians 9th
February, 1682-3.
Samuel Jollie, of Pendleton in Lancashire, was ad-
mitted an Extra-Licentiate of the College 12th March,
1682-3. He was buried in the chapel of AtterclifiPe,
near Sheffield, where there is the folio wins; memento : —
Hie site sunt i-eliqni^ Samuelis Jollie, nuper AttercliflBensis Medici.
Transiere patres, simul et nos transibimas omnes ;
At cseli patriam, qui bene transit, liabet.
Amoris et mortalitatis hoc Mvrj^ocvi'oi' T. J. a.d. 1701.
(The initials are those of Timothy Jollie the Presbyterian minis-
ter of Sheffield, noticed in Hunter's Hallamshire, 1819, p. 165.)
Walter Mills, M.D., was of Christ's college, Cam-
bridge, as a member of which house he proceeded
bachelor of medicine in 1675, and doctor of medicine
in 1680 (July 7th). He was admitted a Candidate of
the College of Physicians 30th September, 1680, and a
Fellow 2nd April, 1683. He was admitted a fellow of
the Koyal Society 1st November, 1682, and he died
7th January, 1725-6.
Edward Tyson, M.D., was born, according to some
accounts, at Bristol, according to others at Clevedon,
CO. Somerset ; but was descended from a family which
had been long settled in Cumberland. He was educated
at Magdalen hall, Oxford, as a member of which he
proceeded bachelor of arts 8th February, 1670 ; master
of arts, 4th November, 1673. His degree of doctor of
medicine he took at Cambridge, in 1680, as a member
of Corpus Christi college. Dr. Tyson was admitted a
Candidate of the College of Physicians 30th September,
1680, and a Fellow 2nd April, 1683. He was Censor
* Dugald Stewart's Philosophical Essays. Collected works by
Sir William Hamilton, Bart., vol. v, p. 11.
1683] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 427
in 1694, and held the appointments of physician to the
hospitals of Bridewell and Bethlem, and of anatomy
reader at Surgeons' hall. He was a fellow of the Royal
Society, contributed several valuable papers to the
" PhilosojDhical Transactions," and was the author of
the following works : —
A Philosophical Essay concerning the Rhymes of the Ancients.
4to. Lond. 1669.
Several Anatomical Observations. Lond. and Oxf. Folio. 1680 —
1705.
Phocsena ; or, the Anatomy of a Porpess, with a Discourse con-
cerning Anatomy, and a Natural History of Animals. 4to. Lond.
1680.
Cariqueya, sen Marsupiale Americanum ; or, the Anatomy of an
Opossum. 4to. Lond. 1698.
Ourang Outang, sive Homo Sylvestris : or, the Anatomy of a
Pigmie, compared with that of a Monkey, an Ape, and a Man : with
an Essay concerning the Pigmies of the Ancients. Folio. Lond.
1699.
Vipera Caudisona Americana; or, the Anatomy of the Rattle
Snake, &c.
Dr. Tyson died 1st August, 1708, aged 58, and was
buried at St. Dionys Backchurch. His monument
therein bears the following inscription : —
M. S.
Edwardi Ttson, M.D.
ab antiqua familia in agro Cumbriae oriundi,
viri omni eruditione atq. doctrina, in illis
imprimis studiis, qu£e Medicum aut instruunt
ant ornant, praestantissimi,
in arte anatomica plane singularis.
Collegii Medicorum Londin: et Societ: Reg: Socius fuit,
in Aula Chirurgorum per annos complures Praglector Anatomicus,
in hospitio mente captorum ad mortem usq. Medicus fidelissimus.
Omni vitae munere laudabiliter defunctus,
Pietate erga Deum, Amore in Consanguiueos,
Fide in Amicos, Liberalitate erga Egenos,
Animi candore, Morumq. suavitate inter omues,
SempiterniB Glorias commendatus,
Morte obiit repentina j. Aug. a.d. mdccviii. annos natus lviii.
Dr. Tyson is the Cams of Garth's "Dispensary,"
and is thus described : —
428 ROLL OF THE | 1683
Slow Carus next discover'd his intent,
With painful pauses mutfring what he meant ;
His sparks of life, in spite of drugs, retreat
So cold that only calentures can heat.
In his chill veins the sluggish puddle flows,
And loads with lazy fogs his sable brows ;
Legions of lunaticks about him press,
His province is lost Reason to redress.
So, when perfumes their fragrant scent give o'er,
Nought can their odour like a jakes restore.
When for advice the vulgar throng, he's found
With number of vile books, besieged around.
The gazing throng acknowledge their surprise,
And deaf to reason, still consult their eyes.
Well he perceives the world will often find
To catch the eye is to convince the mind :
Thus a "weak state by wise distrust inclines
To numerous stores and strength in masfazines.
So fools are always most profuse of words.
And cowards never fail of longest swords.
Abandoned authors here a refuge meet,
And from the world to dust and worms retreat.
Here dregs and sediments of auctions reign.
Refuse of fairs and gleanings of Duck-lane ;
And up these walls much Gothick lumber climbs,
With Swiss philosophy and Runick rhymes ;
Hither, retriev'd from cooks and grocers, come
M works entire, and endless reams of Bl — m.
Where would the long neglected C s fly.
If bounteous Carus should refuse to buy ?
But each vile scribbler's happy on that score —
He'll find some Carus still to read him o'er.
Dr. Tyson's portrait is in the College. It was pre-
sented by his great nephew, Richard Tyson, M.D., 25th
June, 1764.
Christopher Crell Spinowski, M.D. — A Pole, and
a doctor of medicine of Leyden of 6th July, 1682 ; was
admitted a Licentiate of the College of Physicians 2nd
April, 1683. He dropped the name of Spinowski, and
appears in the College list as Christopher Crell. He
has verses with this signature prefixed to Sydenham's
Processus Integri, published in 1695.
John Martyn, A.M., of Pembroke college, Oxford,
1683] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 429
A.B. 21st October, 1675 ; A.M. 13th June, 1678 ; was
admitted a Licentiate of the College of Physicians 2nd
April, 1683.
Joshua Palmer, M.D., a native of Leicestershire,
the son of Archdale Palmer, Esq., of Wantage, in that
county, and sheriff of Leicestershire in 1641, and a stu-
dent of Catherine hall, Cambridge, was entered on the
physic line at Ley den, 21st May, 1681, and graduating
doctor of medicine there 2nd July, 1682 (D.M.L de
Medicamentorum Sudoriferorum natura operatione et
usu. 4to.) ; was admitted a Licentiate of the College of
Physicians 2nd April, 1683.
Philip Guide, M.D. — A Frenchman, and a doctor of
medicine of Montpelier ; was admitted a Licentiate of
the College of Physicians 2nd April, 1683. He was
the author of
Observations Anatomiques faites sur plusieurs Animanx, au sortir
de la Machine Pneumatique. 12mo. Par. 1674.
Du Mai Venerien. Svo. Par. 1676.
Vertus du Vin Rouge et du Quinquina. Svo. Par. 1699.
An Essay concerning Nutrition in Animals. Svo. Lond. 1699.
Warning to Patients. Svo. Lond. 1710.
John Groen veldt, M.D. — A native of Daventer, in
Holland, was educated partly in his native country,
then under Zypseus at Louvaine, and in Paris. He was
entered on the physic line at Leyden 13th September,
1667, being then twenty years of age ; he graduated
doctor of medicine at Utrecht, the 18th March, 1672 ;
and was admitted a Licentiate of the College of Physi-
cians 2nd April, 1683. He is remembered for his con-
test with the College, and his commitment to Newgate
by the Censors' board for mala praxis in the internal
administration of cantharides. The circumstances are
fully detailed in the Annals, but are too lengthy for
insertion here. Dr. Groenveldt, or Greenfield as he
styled himself in England, was the author of a small
treatise on his favourite medicine —
430 ROLL OF THE [16S3
Tutus Cantharidurn in Medicina usus internus ;
which was translated into Enghsh, with additions by
John Marten, surgeon. This came to a second edition
in 1715, the first having, I believe, been published in
1705 or 1706. We have also from his pen
Uissertatio Lithologica, variis Observationibus et Figuris illus-
trata. 8vo. Lond. 1687.
Practica Medica. 8vo. Francof. 1688.
A Discourse ou the Gout. 12mo. Lond. 1691.
Treatise of tbe Stone and Gravel, with a Treatise on Stone-
breaking Medicines. 8vo. Lond. 1712.
Fundamenta Medicine, Scriptoribus tarn inter antiquos quam
receutiores deprompta. 8vo. Lond. 1715.
The Rudiments of Physic clearly and accurately described and
explained in the most easy and familiar manner by way of dialogue
between a physician and his pupil. 8vo. Lond.
Lewis Le Vasseur, M.D. — A Parisian, and a doctor
of medicine of Montpelier, of 12th January, 1654 ; was
admitted a Licentiate of the College of Physicians 2nd
April, 1683. We have from his pen
De Sylvano Humore triumvirali epistola. 12ino. Pai'is. 1668.
John Bulkeley, A.B. of St. Alban's hall, Oxford, of
6th May, 1671 ; was admitted an Extra-Licentiate of
the College of Physicians 21st June, 1683. He prac-
tised at Stapenhill in Derbyshire.
John Peachi, M.D. — A doctor of medicine of Caen in
Normandy ; was admitted an Extra-Licentiate 26th
July, 1683. He was the author of
Collection of Acute Diseases. 8vo. Lond. 1692.
Collection of Chronical Diseases. 8to. Lond. 1692.
Promptuarium Praxeos Medicae, seuMethodusMedendiPrescriptis
Medicorum Londinensium concinnata, et in ordinem alphabeticum
redacta. 8vo. Amst. 1694.
A Complete Herbal of Physical Plants. 8vo. Lond. 1694.
The London Dispensatory. 8vo. Lond. 1694.
The Storehouse of Physical Practice. 8vo. Lond. 1695.
Plain Introduction to the Art of Physic. 8vo. liOnd. 1697.
On the Diseases of Infants and Children. 8vo. Lond. 1697.
1683]
ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 431
A Treatise on Apoplexy and Convulsions. 12mo. Lond. 1698.
On the Diseases of Women. 8vo. Lond. 1706.
Claver Morris, M.D., was the son of the rev. Wil-
liam Morris, A.M., rector of Maiiston, co. Dorset ; and,
being then a master of arts of New Inn hall, Oxford, of
19th June, 1682, he was, on the 4th August, 1683, ad-
mitted an Extra-Licentiate of the College of Physi-
cians. He proceeded M.B. (at Oxford) 5th May, 1685,
and M.D. 6th July, 1691. Dr. Morris practised at
Wells, CO. Somerset, and died there on the 19th March,
1726, aged 67. His monument bears the following in-
scription :
Hie jacet
Claverus Morris M.D. in a^o Dorset:
ex ingenna familia oriundus :
Quern si noveris, virum noveris viator
facilem, jucundum, perurbanum,
in rebus suscipiendis cautum et sagaceni
in agendis pariter auimosum,
ex propositi subactis afifectibus
tenacissimum.
Ortlaodoxi patris filius orthodoxus
a patre Gulielmo A.M. rectore de Manston
in bello civili propter Regem multa passo
didicit Regem et Ecclesiam unice amare
nullius non artis liberalis facile prineeps (?)
ad inferioris etiam not^ disciplinas
eleganter se demisit ingenium ejus versatile
non desultoriiim
Musices quippe cum paucis *****
Chymicorum etiam arcana scrupulosissime perquirebat
cum AnatomiaB et Herbarise veritate insudasset.
Ita instructus pbilosophiam
quam certissima Matheseos experimeutorum ope
assecutus est vitse negotiis et quotidiano usui
feliciter accommodavit.
Praecipue vero in divino medendi arte
exercitatus cum intima nature adyta
acumine sibi proprio penetrasset ;
remedia contra morbos graviores
suam non minus ec laudem quam aliorum salutem
a seipso excogitata, affabre elaboravit :
his animi dotibus lucem et ornamentum
addidit pietas instar Phcebi et eluxit
cum ***** successibus gegrotos reperceret
et nube latuit cum pauperibus
432 ROLL OF THE [1684
ea munera donaret ejus dextera quorum
sinistra nunquam fuit conscia,
qui negotiis religioni, honori inserviens
in terra nobis vixit; in caslo vivit sibi.
67 annos natus denatus
Martii 19° 1726.*
Arthur Parsons, M.D., was educated at Corpus
Christi college, Oxford, where he proceeded i\.B. 26th
October, 1675, A.M. 22nd February, 1678. He then
visited Holland, and on the 13th February, 1675-6
bemg then twenty-one years of age, was entered on the
medical line at Leyden. He returned to Leyden in
October, 1677, and on the 6th April, 1678, obtained
the degree of doctor of medicine at Groningen (D.M.I.
de Calculo Kenum et Vesicae. 4to. 1678). He was
admitted an Extra- Licentiate of the College of Physi-
cians 17th March, 1684, Accumulating his degrees,
he proceeded doctor of medicine at Oxford on 9th No-
vember, 1693. Dr. Parsons practised at Taunton.
Charles Fraiser, M.D., was educated at St. Peter's
Westminster, and, in 1667, was elected thence to Tri-
nity college, Cambridge, of which society he eventually
became a fellow. He proceeded A.B. in 1670, A.M.
1674, and was created M.D. by royal mandate in 1678.
He was physician in ordinary to king Charles II, and
as such was admitted a Fellow of the College of Physi-
cians the day after Palm Sunday, 1684.
Henry Morelli, M.D., an Italian and a doctor of
medicine, but of what university is not stated, was ad-
mitted a Licentiate of the College 25th June, 1684.
He was a Poman catholic, and suspicions appear to
have existed as to his antecedents or objects in coming
to this country, for, under date of 5th February, 1682-3,
I meet with the following entry in the Annals : "Dr.
Morelli, Italus natione, jusjurandum de Eegis primatu
se dedisse, necnon de fide sua et vera alJegantia erga
* The inscription is very illegible, and the above is probably
in some parts incorrect.
HiH 1 I i{,()YAi. <!(»Li,i';(;io ov ni yskji anm. iXi
\U)(r\;\.]i] IVr;i,j(;.s(.;i,l-('m, jx^r I »-(!ii;i,r(;Ii;i,niin (Iiioniin (xiHtl-
Tnoniiiin prob.'iviL ; ;i,ss(;nii(, (jLi.-un mc iiiiii(|ii;uri sacor-
(lol.io a,(l(li(jtiuri, 8cd rriodiciiujo a jiivoiiLuLo oponirn iia,-
vas,S(!.
.John I>()(!K, lonnctly of Ma,;^(la,l('ji collcn-c^, ('a,!n-
l)ri(l<^n(, bill;, so liu- as I ca-ri. diHcovcr, not a, f^i-a,(liia,(;() in
oitlier arl/S or- tnodicIiKi, was a,dinlLl(!d a,n I^]xLra,-IJccri-
tiatc of the (Joll<'«^n! of riiyHi'^iaiiH 25111 didy, l()H4.
Thomas I)I{|';I';, of IJm; connly ol" Warwick', wa„s a,d-
rnitUid an l^iXlra-LicoiiljaLc of (Jk; ( /oIIom(; of" l*liy.si(;ia,ii,s
2i)d S('.j)i,(uril)(sr, UiHL
IfKNifV Ni(!()hL, A.M., wart educa,l(!d a,l. Pjiunanucl
collo^o, (J'arnhr'idf^c, of wliicli lioas(5 lio was a, follow.
ITc procoodiid A.P>. 1072, A.M. 1070, a,nd was adrniLlod
an Extra,- LicoritiatL' of i;li(! ('oll(;n-(; of IMiysicians, .'■)Lli
l)(!f;(urd)(;r, I0H4.
John l?K(;iii';y, A.M., was the son of William F^;(•ll('y,
oCCliichostcr, ^rc'ut. ; and on the 22nd March, n;7I 2,
bein^ tlion sixteon years of a^(}, was nia,tri(;ulat(;(] at
Oxford, as a rnornhcr of Now Inn liaJl. Ilo j^radua,t(,'d
A.R 29th Novombor, 1075 ; A.M. lOtli Juno, I07H;
and waH admitted a, Licentiate of the College of Physi-
cians, 22nd !)('C(3rnlK;r, I0H4.
TiloMAH lloi'.i'.s was a,dinittod a, LicciiilJaXo of tlio
College of IMiysicaans 22nd l)(M;(;rnbor, 1084.
SlOMAS'l'lAiN Lm Fkvim-;, M.I). — A l^'rr i)(;lnna,n, a,nd a,
doctor (>f ni(.'di('in(! of Anjoii ; was a/hnittcd a, Licentiate
of the College 22nd Decernljor, I0H4.
F\ll<:i)li\i\('K Si>Al{,K, M.I), wa,s horn in NorlJia,ir)[)ton-
shire ; and created (locator of medicine, aJ, Oxford, '.ith
September, 1080. Jle was achnitted a Icllow of the
Koyal Socicily, I 0th J)o(;(!irr])(jr followiriLC. Ilo was ad-
mitted a Caiididate of the College of Physicians 25th
VOL. I. 2 F
434 ROLL OF THE [1G85
June, 1681 ; arid a Fellow 25th June, 1685. He was
Censor in 1692, 1693, 1708 ; was named Elect, in place
of Dr. Edward Browne, deceased, 21st September, 1708;
and was Consiliarius from 1716 to his death, which oc-
curred 12th September, 1727, in the 80th year of his
age. He is commemorated by the following inscription
in the large cemetery adjoining the churchyard, Green-
wich : —
Hie reliquias snas deponi voluit,
Fredericus Slare, M.D.,
peritissimus, benignus, piuF,
Collegii Regalis Medicorum Socius, Senior Elector,
RegiiB Societatis socius,
Societatis de Promovendo Evangelio in Partibns Transmarinis
socius,
necnon unus ex illorum communitate,
qui se sponte sua et pro viribus devinxere ad doctrinam
et virtutem Cbristianem nbique terraruna, adjuvante Deo,
promovend.
Obiit 12° Septembris a.d. 1727, setatis sua? 80™"
Juxta fratrem doctissinium jacet hie soror ejus dilectissima Do-
mina Jane Slare, quae obiit 4*° die Aprilis, 1734, aetatis suse 80.
Dr. Slare is commended by Haller'" for his original
researches in chemistry, ^' chemicus, vir insignis, et pro-
priis nixus inventis." He was the author of —
Experiments and Observations upon Oriental and otber Stones,
"whicli prove tlieni to be of no use in physic : Gascoigne powder
examined, censured, and found imperfect ; with a Vindication of
Sugars against the censure of Willis and common prejudices. 8vo.
Lend. 1715. " Egregius liber," writes Haller.
Essay on the Pyrmont Waters. 8vo. Lond. 1717.
EiCHARD Darnelly, M.D., was educated at St.
John's college, Cambridge, as a member of which house
he proceeded M.B. 1674, M.D. 5th July, 1681. He
was admitted a Candidate of the College of Physicians
26th June, 1682 ; and a Fellow, 25th June, 1685. He
was Censor in 1709, and died 11th January, 1733,
having for several years previously withdrawn from
practice, and resided at Stanmore, Middlesex. Towards
the end of his life he fell into pecuniary difficulties, and
* Biblioth. Medicinae Pract., vol. iii, p. i>07.
1685] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 435
was imprisoned in the Fleet, when he petitioner! the
College for aid. On the 25th June, 1731, it was "or-
dered that the beadle of the' College do go to every fel-
low, candidate, and licentiate of the College and collect
what they think fit to contribute upon this occasion."'"'
John Bateman, M.D., was educated at Merton col-
lege, Oxford, of which house he was a fellow. He took
the degree of master of arts 14th May, 1667 ; and then,
accumulating his degrees in medicine, proceeded M. D.
24th May, 1682. He was admitted a Candidate of the
College of Physicians, 30th September, 1682 ; and a
Fellow, 25th June, 1685. He was Censor in 1687,
1690, 1691, 1703, and for the ten consecutive years,
from 1706 to 1715; Registrar, 1691, and again from
1702 to 1715 inclusive : Elect, 21st September, 1708,
in place of Dr. Torlesse, resigned; Consiliarius, 1713,
1714, 1715; President, 26 th March, 1716, and was re-
elected in the years 1716, 1717, 1718. He died 17th
September, 1728. Dr. Bateman was a most amiable
man, much esteemed by his contemporaries, and was
generally supposed to be the Celsus of Garth's Dispen-
sary.
William Johnstone, M.D. — A native of Warwick-
shire, and a doctor of medicine of Anjou ; incorporated
at Cambridge 16th December, 1682 ; was admitted a
Candidate of the College of Physicians 2nd April, 1683,
and a Fellow 25th June, 1685. He was Censor in 1688.
Dr. Johnstone left London for his native town, War-
wick, but at what period I cannot discover, and prac-
* Dr. Darnelly's Peiition stated, " that he had followed his pro-
fession for a long- course of years with the utmost application, and
thereby supported his family, but by reason of some misfortunes
happening to him in African stock in the year 1720, and the decay
of his practice, he is unfortunately run in debt to the amount of
£550 and. upwards, and is confined a prisoner in the Fleet ; that he
has several children unprovided for, and his house and lands at
Stanmore, in Middlesex, is charged with a debt of £400, besides
£40 due thereon for interest, and praying such charitable assistance
and relief as shall seem meet to the College."
2 F 2
436 ROLL OF THE [1685
tised his profession there for many years. He died 22nd
November, 1725, aged 82, and was buried in the church
of St. Mary, Warwick, where a monument bears the
following inscription : —
Hunc prope locum in sepulcliro jacet
Gulielmus Jolinston M.D. Coll. Reg. Lond. Med. Socius Senior
Vir probns, Justus, honestus, verus charitatis cultor
Amator gratitudinis, constantis memorise.
Qu£e plura cupis benigna loquatur fama.
Obiit 22 die Novembris Anno Dom 1725.
^tat: sufB 82.
In eodem sepulchre, conditur Anna uxor ejus
quse censum trium millium centumq plus
minus librarum, quem moriens reliquit
universum (debitis suis et legatis prius subactis)
in opportunum egenorum subsidium, testamento
suo, erogatum voluit ;
quo fundos suos omnes elocatos una cum bonis
qusecunq: ei suppetebant, personalibus prime
quoque tempore vendendos et pecunia inde
accrescenti, fundos liberos in comilatu sitos
Warwicensi emendos mandavit.
Quorum, uti et omnium, quas apud Warwicenses
habuit, domorum reditus annuos panperibus
hujus Burgis fidei commissariis siugulis annis
distribuendos in perpetuum legavit
Obiit quarto die Aprilis Anno Dui 1733
setat suaB 84.
William Dawes, M.D., was entered on the physic
line at Leyden, 12th July, 1680, being then twenty-five
years of age, and before the end of the year graduated
doctor of medicine there (D.M.I, de Variolis). He was
incorporated at Cambridge in July, 1681 ; but the
" Graduati Cantabrigienses " represents him as M.D. of
1 682 by royal mandate. He was admitted a Candidate of
the College of Physicians 2nd April, 1683 ; and a Fel-
low, 25th June, 1685. He was Censor in 1689, 1693,
1695, 1696, 1710, 1711 ; Elect, 12th May, 1710 ; Con-
siliarius, 1710. He was appointed President 11th Sep-
tember, 1712, and continued in that office till 26th
March, 1716, when he tendered bis resignation, having
in January preceding withdrawn himself from town, in
consequence of the embarrassed state of his affairs : —
1685] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 437
*' 1716. Feb. 10. Comitiis Censoriis. Dr. Harris,
Prseses Natus. The President havinof withdrawn him-
self by reason of the disorder of his private affairs, so
that he could no longer serve the College in that post,
Dr. Harris was desired to write to him to desire him to
send the resignation of his Presidentship as soon as he
could."
" Ordered, That the Treasurer do present two guineas
to young Mrs. Dawes for securing the President's keys,
and the Annals of the College."
On the 26th March, Dr. Dawes' resignation, dated
20th March, 1716, was read and accepted, and Dr.
Bateman thereupon appointed to succeed him. His
resignation of the office of elect was accepted 1st June,
1716. Dr. Dawes had retired to Guernsey, and died
there 9th March, 1733.
Thomas Gill, M.D., was the son of Philip Gill, of
Edmonton, M.D., by his wife Elizabeth, daughter of
Thomas Bateman, of Thrapstone, co. Northampton, esq.
He was a doctor of medicine of Cambridge of 5th July,
1681 ; was admitted a Candidate of the College of
Physicians 30th September, 1683 ; and a Fellow, 25th
June, 1685. He was Censor in 1689, 1695, 1696, 1706,
1709, 1710, 1712, 1713; Registrar from 1692 to 1701
inclusive; and Elect, 20th December, 1711, in place of
Dr. Hulse, deceased. Dr. Gill's death stands thus re-
corded in the Annals : "Upon the 5th July, 1714, Dr.
Thomas Gill, Elect of the College, departed this life.
A man of great skill in physick and surgery ; of great
truth and integrity, and a constant and faithful friend
to the interest of the College to his dying day." Dr.
Gill was buried at Edmonton on the 9th of July. His
portrait by T. Murray, was engraved by J. Smith, in
1700.
Francis Hacker, of Nottingham, was admitted an
Extra-Licentiate of the College of Physicians 8th Jan-
uary, 1685-6.
438 IIOLL OF THE [1686
Nathaniel Bartlrt was admitted an Extra-Licen-
tiate 15th February, 1685-6. He practised at Ware-
ham, CO. Dorset.
John Cook was admitted an Extra-Licentiate 24th
February, 1685-6. He practised at Newbury in Berk-
shire. .
William Cornish. — A student of medicine of Ox-
ford (de Oxonio medicinse studiosus) ; was admitted an
Extra-Licentiate of the College 24th February, 1685-6.
Charles Panton, A.B., was the son of Bichard Pan-
ton, a physician of Bath Easton, county Somerset, and
was born there 23rd April, 1662. He was educated at
Lincoln college, Oxford, and as a member of that house
proceeded bachelor of arts 19th June, 1682. He was
admitted an Extra-Licentiate of the College of Physi-
cians 24th February, 1685-6, when he settled in his
native place, and succeeded to the practice of his father,
who had died the previous autumn. There he continued
till his death, on the 30th August, 1711, aged fifty.
Both father and son are commemorated by raonuments
in the chancel of Bath Easton church —
Epitapliium
in funus Domini Richardi Panton,
eximii peritissiniique niedici ;
Qui desiit mori decimo sexto die
Septembris, Anno Domini 1684.
Alter en Hypocrates jacet inferiore sub nrna,
Qui modo Pantonine gloria stirpis erat ;
-^gros sanavit non solum, sed furiosos
Ingcnio veteri redidit ille viros.
Nobilis ars, fortuua, genus, patientia, virtus,
Singula- sunt paucis, sed data cuncta tibi.
That to our Extra-Licentiate is near to the above,
and bears the following inscription : —
Juxta hie jacet corpus
Caroli Panton, generosi,
Richardi Panton et Marise uxoris ejus filii primogeuiti,
dim e collegio Lincoln: iu academia Oxoniensi ;
1G86] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 439
ubi ex illo fonte illusfcrissimo
omnium, artium et reram uberrima cognitione affluente,
assidue se studiis imbuendo plerisque rebus,
preecipLie vero medicinalibus,
admodum. eruditus esset.
llle Ceciliam, Jacobi Self de Beauacre iu agro "Wilton, armigori
filiatn, uxorem duxit,
ex qua natse sunt ei quataor filiae.
Amans erat maritus, indulgensque pater,
bjnus viciuus, vir Justus, in pauperas benigaus,
vereque pius domi, et ecclesiEe Dei venerator.
Natus in hac parochia de Bath Easton,
vicesimo tertio die Aprilis AP D'ni 1662 ;
denatus vero ibidem tricesirao die Augusti A° D'ni 1711,
et tetatis suse 50.
Sir Robert Sibbald, M.D., was the son of David
Sibbald, keeper of the great seal under chancellor Hay,
and was born near Leslie, in Fifeshire, about the year
L643. He was educated at the university of St. An-
drew's, after which he travelled for improvement in
France and Italy, and tlien going to Leyden was
entered on the physic line there 28th April, 1660.
He graduated doctor of medicine at Leyden in 1661
(D.M.T. de variis Tabis speciebus). On his return
to Scotland he settled as a physician in Edinburgh,
and through the interest of the earl of Perth was
nominated physician and geographer to Charles II,
from whom he received the honour of knighthood,
and a commission to write the history of that king-
dom. He it was who first suggested, and was mainly
instrumental in obtaining, the foundation of the Col-
lege of Physicians of Edinburgh, of which college he
was appointed president 4th December, 1684. During
his year of office the Pharmacopseia Edinburgensis was
compiled and the first edition published. In 1685 Sir
Robert Sibbald applied himself to the establishment of
a medical school in Edinburgh, and was the first ap-
pointed professor of medicine in the university of that
city. His appointment to the ofiice bears date 5th
March, 1685, and he was formally installed and ad-
mitted to the exercise of that charge on the 25th next
440 ROLL OF THE [1686
eiisuinor. Sir Kobert Sibbald was the most learned
antiquary in Scotland, and had hved a course of philo-
sophical virtue, but in great doubt as to revealed reli-
gion. Bred in the kirk of Scotland, he was ostensibly
a member of that communion, but was at length pre-
vailed upon by the earl of Perth to join the church of
Kome. The grounds upon which he had done so ap-
pearing to him on further examination unsatisfactory,
he quitted Scotland for a time, and withdrew to Lon-
don, where he entered on a course of theological study
of some months' duration. In sequel thereto, he re-
nounced the church of his adoption, and then, return-
ing to Scotland, published his recantation openly in
a church. His religious versatility, and some other
causes, brought upon him the sarcasms of the Jacobite
physician Archibald Pitcairne, whose Dissertatio de
legibus Historise Naturalis, Edinb., 1696, contains an
unreasonably severe criticism of Sibbald. In imitation
of his friend, Sir Andrew Balfour, M.D., Sibbald had
collected an extensive museum of Scotch antiquities
and of such natural curiosities as were indigenous or
were calculated to throw light upon the natural his-
tory of the kingdom. This collection he presented to
the university of Edinburgh in 1697 under the modest
title of "Auctarium Musei Balfouriani e Museo Sib-
baldiano/' as if had been only an appendix to Dr. Bal-
four's. The catalogue of the collection compiled by
the donor and printed at the expense of the university
was dedicated to the magistrates and citizens of Edm-
burgh as a testimony of gratitude for the honours
which had been conferred upon him. Sir Bobert Sib-
bald, whose benevolence was equal to his industry, be-
queathed to the university of Edinburgh a valuable
collection of portraits, comprising Charles I and II,
James II, who, when duke of York, was a great pa-
tron of Sibbald ; James Drummond, earl of Perth, in
his robes as chancellor of Scotland ; one of, perhaps
his earliest patron, Drummond of Hawthornden ; Sir
George Mackenzie, the founder of the library of the
1686] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 441
Faculty of Advocates, and some others.'" Sir Robert
Sibbald, as pbysician to James II, on the 29th March,
1686, during his retirement in London, was admitted
a Fellow of the College of Physicians here. He died
about 1712 ; and was the author of
Scotia Illustrata, sive Prodromus HistoriEe Naturalis Scotiae. Fol.
Edin. 1684.
Phalainologia Nova : sive Observationes de rarioribus quibusdam
Balaenis in Scotise littus nuper ejectis. 4to. Edin. 1692.
Auctariam Masei Balfouriani ; sive Enumeratio et Descriptio
Rerum rariornm tam naturalium quam artificialium quos R. Sib-
baldus Acad: Edinb. donavit. 8vo. Edin. 1697.
Memoria Balfourianae. 12mo. 1699.
ReguliB bene et salubriter vivendi. 8vo. Edin. 1701.
The Liberty and Independence of the Kingdom and Church of
Scotland. 4to. Edinb. 1702
Commentarius in Vitam Georgii Buchanani. 8vo. Edin. 1702.
De Gestis Gulielmi Valine, Herois Scoti, Collectanea Yaria. 8vo.
Edin. 1705.
In Hippocratis Legem, et in ejus Epistolam ad Thessalum Filium,
Commentarii. 8vo. Edin. 1706.
Historical Inquiries concerning the Roman Monuments and Anti-
quities in the North part of Britain called Scotland. Fol. Edinb.
1707.
A Letter to Dr. Archibald Pitcairn. 8vo. Edinb. 1709.
Miscellaneae quEedam eruditse Antiquitatis quse ad Borealem Bri-
tanniae majoris partem pertinent. Fol. Edin. 1710.
The History, Ancient and Modern, of the Sheriffdoms of Fife
and Kinross. Fol. Edinb. 1710.
The History, Ancient and Modern, of the Sheriffdoms of Lin-
Kthgow and Stirling. Fol. Edinb. 1710.
Account of the Writers, Ancient and Modern, printed, and MSS.
not printed, which treat of the Description of Scotland. Fol.
Edinb. 1710.
Vindicife Prodromi Naturalis Historise Scotiee. Fol. Edinb.
1710.
Description of the Islands of Orkney and Zetland. Fol. Edinb.
1711.
Introductio ad Historiam Rerum a Romanis Gestarum, in ea
Borealis Britannias parte, qute ultra Murum Picticum est. Fol.
Edin. 1711.
Portus Colonias et Castella Romana ad Bodotriam et ad Taum.
Fol. Edin. 1711.
* Bower's History of the University of Edinburgh. 2 vols. 8vo.
Edin. 1817.
442 ROLL OF THE [1686
Samuel Woodgate, M.D., of Emmanuel college,
Cambridge, A. B. 1678, was on the 27th April, 1682,
entered on the physic line at Leyden, and was admitted
an Extra-Licentiate of the College 2 3rd September, 1686.
He was created M.D. by royal mandate 1693.
KiCHARD Robinson, M.D., was admitted a Candidate
of the College of Physicians 30th September, 1680, and
in the following year was created doctor of medicine at
Cambridge, by royal mandate. On the 30th Novem-
ber, 1681, he was admitted a fellow of the Koyal So-
ciety. On the 13th April, 1685, there is in the Annals
the following entry : " Richardus Robinson, rogans ut
in Sociorum numerum asciscatur, quatenus Candida-
torum senior (deficientibus nonnullis haud ita pridem)
quia nunquam in academia uUa institutus et educatus
fuerat, quod vel maxim e requirunt literse nuperte Regiae,
a Collegii societate abdicatur." Dr. Robinson was
created a Fellow of the College by the charter of James
II, and was admitted as such 12th April, 1687."" He
died 30th January, 1732-3, being then the senior fellow
of the College.
Martin Lister, M.D., was a nephew of Sir Matthew
Lister, M.D., an influential Fellow of our College, be-
fore mentioned. He was born at Radcliffe, in Buck-
inghamshire, about the year 1638, and at a fitting age
was sent to St. John's college, Cambridge, as a member
of which he took the first degree in arts, in 1658. In
1660, immediately after the Restoration, he was by
mandate of king Chaiies II made a fellow of his college.
* " 1G87, Aprilis xii. Hodie diploma Regium Jacobi Secundi,
Regis nostri serenissimi et potentissimi, illatum fuit, et a Preside,
reliquisque Sociis praedictis, togatis solenniter acceptum. Qui omnes,
pr^eunte postea viatore sen bedello, recta via sese in Theatrum
reciperunt. Ubi eleganfci oratione priiis habita a Preeside : is ipse
pi'imiim, prout cautum. erat a diplomate, a duobus electis, D''® Charl-
ton et D'*^ Rogers juratus est, postea ab ipso similiter oranes offi-
ciales. Tandem ad epulas ovantes omnes festinabant, quibus caute
sed et sobrie transactis Rex singulis cyatliis bibebatur." — Annales,
V. 36.
1687] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 443
He proceeded master of arts in 1662, and then, applyino-
himself to physic, travelled into Irance for improve-
ment. E-eturning home in 1670, he settled at York,
and there practised with great reputation for many
years. Whilst at York he availed himself of everj^
opportunity his professional avocations would admit of
investigating the natural history and antiquities of the
county. These pursuits brought him acquainted with
Mr. Lloyd, keeper of the Ashmolean museum at Oxford,
an institution which Dr. Lister enriched with several
altars, coins, and other antiquities, together with a large
number of valuable natural curiosities. He also sent
several observations and experiments on various branches
of natural philosophy to Mr. Lloyd, who, communicating
some of them to the Royal Society, Lister was there-
upon recommended and elected a fellow. His book on
conchology, " Historia, sive Synopsis Methodica Con-
chyliorum," published in 1685, formed a new era in the
science, and contributed chiefly to give celebrity to its
author. It contains very accurate figures of all the
shells known in his time, amounting to upwards of a
thousand, audit deserves to be recorded that they were
all drawn by his two daughters, Susannah and Mary
Lister. " This work of Lister's," says Dr. Thomson,
" notwithstanding the progress which the study has
since made, still retains its value, and is indispensable
to the student of conchology."'" Dr. Lister was also
one of the first in this country to study the economy of
the spider tribe, and there are various papers by him on
this subject in the Philosophical Transactions, contain-
ing many original and very interesting observations con-
cerning them. He contributed about forty papers in
all to the Philosophical Transactions. Of these the
most valuable was one on Geology in 1683 (vol. xiv) ;
speaking of which, Sir Charles Lyell says : " Dr. Lister
was the first who was aware of the continuity over
large districts of the principal groups of strata in the
British series, and who proposed tlie construction of
* Thomson's History of the Royal Society. 4to. Lond. p. 83.
444 ROLL OF THE [1687
regular geological maps."""" Resolving by the advice of
some of liis friends to remove to London, he was created
doctor of medicine at Oxford 5th March, 1683, the chan-
cellor himself recommending him as "a person of ex-
emplary loyalty, of high esteem among the most eminent
of his profession ; of singular merit to that university
in particular, having enriched their museum and library
with presents of valuable books, both printed and in
manuscript, and of general merit in the literary world
by several learned books which he had published." Dr.
Lister was admitted a Candidate of the College of Phy-
sicians 25th June, 1684 ; was created a Fellow by the
charter of king James II, and was admitted as such 12th
April, 1687. He was Censor in 1694. In 1698 Dr.
Lister attended the earl of Portland in his embassy
from king William III to the court of France. Of this
journey he published an account containing observations
on the state and curiosities of Paris, which was ridiculed
by Dr. William King in " A Journey to London." In
1709, on the indisposition of Dr. Hannes, Dr. Lister
was appointed one of the physicians in ordinary to queen
Anne, and retained that office till his death on the 2nd
February, 171 1-2. t He was buried in the church at
Clapham, where there was formerly a monument bear-
ing the following inscription : —
Near this place is buried the body of
Martin Lister,
Doctor of Physick, a Member of the
Royal Society, and oue of
Queen Ann's Physicians,
who departed this life,
the second day of
February, l'/ll-12.
Dr. Lister was the author of the following works : —
* Geology, vol. i, p. 45. 3rd edition.
t " Vir in indagando ardens et laboriosus potissimum quidem in
testaceis animalibus et insectis ; tamen ut etiam artem clinicam
exerceret, ad hypotheses easque subinde minus probabiles pronus."
Haller Biblioth. Medic. Practical, vol. iii, p. 290."
1687] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS 445
Historia Animalium Anglic. Tres Tractatus de Araneis — de
Coclileis turn terrestribus turn fluviatilibus — de Cochleis Marinis.
4to. Loud. 1678.
Appendix in Historiara Animalium Anglige. 4to. Ebor. 1681.
Letters and divers other Mixt Discourses in Natural Philosophy.
4to. Lond. 1683.
De Thermis et Fontibus Medicatis Angliae. 8vo. Lond. 1684.
Exercitationes et descriptiones Thermarum ac Fontium Medica-
torum Anglic. 12nio. Lond. 1686.
Sex Exercitationes Medicinales de quibusdam Morbis Chronicis.
8vo. Lond. 1694.
Exercitatio Anatomica in qua de Cochleis maxime Terrestribus et
Limacibus agitur. 8vo. Lond. 1694.
Dissertatio Anatomica de Buccinis Fluviatilibus et Marinis. 8vo.
Lond. 1695.
Exercitatio Anatomica Conchiliorum Bivalvium utruisque Aqute.
Huic accedit Dissertatio Medicinalis de Calculo Humane. 4to.
Lond. 1696.
A Journey to Paris in the year 1698. 8vo. Lond. 1699.
Dissertatio de Humoribus in qua veterum ac recentiorum Medi-
corum ac Philosophorum opiniones et sententise examinantur. 8vo.
Lond. 1709.
And in 1705 Dr. Lister edited an edition of Apicius
CsbHus —
De Opsoniis et Condimentis sive Ai'te Coquinaria. 8vo. Lond.
1705.
This is now scarce, 120 copies only, it is said, having
been struck off.
KoBERT Pitt, M.D., was born at Blandford, in Dor-
setshire, and educated at Wadharn college, Oxford, of
which he became a scholar in 1670, and a fellow in
1674. He proceeded A.B. 12th October, 1672; A.M.
4th July, 1675; M.B. 14th May, 1678; and M.D.
16th February, 1681. On the 20th December, 1682,
Dr. Pitt, being then professor of anatomy at Oxford,
was elected a fellow of the Royal Society. He was
admitted a Candidate of the College of Physicians
22nd December, 1684, was created a Fellow by the
charter of king James II, and was admitted as such at
the Comitia Extraordinaria of 12th April, 1687. Dr.
Pitt was elected physician to St. Bartholomew's hos-
pital 23rd February, 1697, in place of Dr. Bernard, de-
446 ROLL OF THE [1687
ceased, and himself resigned that office, and was suc-
ceeded by Dr. Levett, 29th April, 1707. He was Cen-
sor in 1687, and 1702, and died 13th January, 1711-2.
He was the author of —
Crafts and Frauds of Pliysick Exposed. 8vo. Lend. 1702.
To tbe third edition of this work was added a new preface, explain-
ing to the meanest capacities the controversy between the Physi-
cians of the Dispensary and the Quacks, supported by their physi-
cians and others who fence under them. Sm. 8vo. Lond. 1703.
The Antidote ; or the Preservative of Health and Life, and the
Restorative of Physick to its Sincerity and Perfection. 8vo. Lond.
1704.
The Frauds and Villanies of the common Practice of Physic de-
monstrated to be curable by the College Dispensary. 8vo. Lond.
1705.
Richard Field, M.D. — A doctor of medicine of
Cambridge (Sidney Sussex college), of 1683 ; was ad-
mitted a Candidate of the College of Physicians 13th
April, 1685. He w^as created a Fellow of the Col-
lege by the charter of king James II, and was admitted
as such 12th April, 1687.
Henry Paman, M.D., was the son of Robert Pa-
man, of Chevington, co. Suffolk, gent., and on the 22nd
June, 1643, being then in his eighteenth year, was ad-
mitted a sizar of Emmanuel college, Cambridge, under
the tutorship of Mr. Sancroft, afterwards archbishop
of Canterbury. On the 22nd July, 1646, he removed
to St. John's college, of which society he became a fel-
low. He took the two degrees in arts, and on the 11th
July, 1655, was incorporated at Oxford on his master's
degree. He proceeded doctor of medicine at Cam-
bridge, and was elected an Honorary Fellow of the
College of Physicians in December, 1664. He was
incorporated doctor of medicine at Oxford 13th July,
1669 and was appointed public orator at Cambridge in
1672. On the promotion of archbishop Sancroft to
the see of Canterbury in 1677, Dr. Paman quitted Cam-
bridge and resided with the archbishop at Lambeth, in
the capacity of companion. On the 21st June, 1679,
1687] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 447
he succeeded Dr. Mapletoft as professor of physic in
Gresham college. He was admitted a fellow of the
Royal Society in 1678. Having been created a Fellow
of oiu" College by the charter of king James II, he was
admitted as such 12th April, 1687. He delivered the
Harveian oration in 1688. In June, 1689, he resigned
his professorship at Gresham coUege, and towards the
end of that year, upon the removal of the archbishop
from the archie piscopal see, he removed to Covent-
garden, where he died in June, 1695, in his seventieth
year, and was buried on the 8th of that month, in the
parish church of St. Paul's. Dr. Paman was the friend
of Sydenham, and to him the great physician addressed
the second of the "Epistolee Responsorise,'' that, namely,
"de Luis Venereae Historia et Curatione."
William Stokeham, M.D., was born in Nottingham-
shire, and educated at Queen's college, Cambridge,
where he was admitted a pensioner 25th May, 1653,
but he took his degree of doctor of medicine at Padua
10th August, 1671. On the 30th September, 1680,
being then physician in ordinary to either the king or
queen, but I believe the former, he was admitted an
Honorary Fellow of the College of Physicians. He
was created a Fellow of the College by the charter of
king James 11 and was admitted as such 12th April,
1687. He died 15th April, 1698, aged sixty-three.
His monument in St. Paul's, Covent-garden, was thus
inscribed—
S. M.
Gqlielmi Stokeham, Medicine Doctoris,
Natus est in Comitat: J^ottingham ;
Cantabrig'iEe primis literis imbutus est,
Patavii Medicine Doctor factus est.
Syndicus electus et Statua donatus est.
Ad SUDS reversus inter primos facillime inclaruit,
et medendi artem in liac Civitate
per triginta annos optimo cum successu exercuit, adornavit.
Decimo quinto die Aprilis, Anno Salutis 1698 et eetatis susa 63°,
longiori ab omnibus exoptato illi fato vita functus est.
Marmor hoc propriis sumptibus erectum
moesta Conjux,
gvatitudiiiis ergo dicat, consecrat.
448 ROLL OF THE [lG87
Sir Edmund King, M.D., was bred a surgeon, and
had applied himself with some success to the study of
chemistry, a circumstance which recommended him to
the favour of king Charles II. He was created doctor
of medicine by the archbishop of Canterbury ; and was
incorporated on that degree at Cambridge in 1671. On
the 12th January, 1676-7, he brought letters from the
king to the College, soliciting admission as an Honorary
Fellow"'" (Literis Regiis postulaverit Socii Honorarii pri-
vilegium), which was then accorded him. Sir Edmund
King was admitted a Fellow of the College, 12th April,
1687, having been so created by the charter of king
James II. Sir Edmund left behind him the reputation
of being at the same time an excellent anatomist, a good
surgeon, and an accomplished physician. Dr. Willis,
to whom he rendered important assistance in the pre-
paration of the two works, " de Anima Brutorum," and
the " Pharmaceutice Eationalis," styles him "medicus
* " To our trusty and well beloved the President and Censors of the
Colledge of Physicians, in our City of London, and all others
whom it may concern.
" Charles R. Trusty and well beloved, we greet you well.
"Whereas our trusty and well beloved Edmund King, D"" in physick,
hath given us soe good proofe of his experience and skill, both in
anatomy and other parts of physick, y* we have caused him to be
sworne one of ourowne Physicians, to attend our person; and being,
therefore, willing to bestow upon him a further mark and testimony
of our approbac'on, and the esteeme we have of his industry and abili-
tyes, by making him member of our Colledg of Physicians in o"" City
of London, We have thought fit to signify our pleasure unto you
therein, and doe hereby, in an especiall man'er, recom'end him,
the sayd D"" Edmund King, unto you ; that, upon the receipt of
these our letters you doe forthwith admitt him Honorary Fellow of
our said Colledge of Physicians, to have, receive, and enjoy all pri-
viledges, benefits, and advantages belonging to the place and dig-
nity of an Honorary Fellow, in as full and ample manner as any
other person hath or doth enjoy the same, notwithstanding any
other letters or orders of us to the contrary, with which we are
pleased to dispense in this behalfe. And soe we bid you farewell.
Given at our Court at Whitehall, the 20th day of January, 1676, in
the 28th yeare of our reigne.
" By his Ma"«^ com'and.
" H. Coventry.
1687] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 449
eximius et exercitatissimus anatomicus," Some papers
from his pen are to be seen in the " Philosophical Trans-
actions," containing "Some Observations on Ants," "The
Animalculse in Pepper," and " Transfusion of Blood."
Sir Edmund King is chiefly remembered in the present
day for his decision and promptitude in bleeding king
Charles II on his own sole responsibihty, when that
monarch was struck with apoplexy on the morning of
Monday, 2nd February, 1684. This bold act was ap-
proved by the other physicians on their arrival ; and
Sir Edmund King was ordered 1,000^. by the Privy
Council, which, however, was never paid him. Sir
Edmund married, 20th June, 1666, at St. Andrew's,
Holborn, Hebecca Polsted, of St. Sepulchre's. He died
at his house in Hatton-garden, 30th May, 1709, aged
80 ; and left to the College by will the portrait of him-
self by Sir Peter Lely, which now graces the dining-
room. This has been engraved by Williams ; and at
its foot he is described as the person "qui prsesenti
animo (ope divina) sereniss: regem Car. II a morte subi-
tanea dexterrime eripuit Februarii 2, 1684."
Francis Bernard, M.D. — Of the early history of
this learned physician I can obtain no particulars. He
was created doctor of medicine by the archbishop of
Canterbury (Sancroft), 6th February, 1678, and was
incorporated on that degree at Cambridge, 11th April,
1678. He was elected an Honorary Fellow of the Col-
lege of Physicians 30th September, 1680 ; and having
been created a Fellow by the charter of king James II
was admitted as such 12th April, 1687. Dr. Bernard
was appointed assistant physician to St. Bartholomew's
hospital, 20th November, 1678, and subsequently be-
came physician thereto. He died 9th February, 1697-8
and was buried in St. Botolph's, Aldersgate.
Heic juxta situs est
Franciscus Bernard, M.D.
egregium sui seculi Decus,
hujus Civitatis Delicise nuper,
VOL. I. 2 G
450 BOLL OF THE [1687
nunc Desiderium ;
quippe qxLSS suspexit vivum,
plorat mortuuni,
eum utiqne optimum et in omni re literaria
versatissimum,
quem summa et pene carta
Artis Medic£e scientia
undique comprobata feliciter
merito commendavit omnibus.
Obiit septuagenarius
Feb. 9, 1697-8.
Conjux mcerens posuit.
Dr. Bernard, who was physician in ordinary to king
James II, was a man of learning, well versed in literary
history, and an excellent judge of the value of books.
He accumulated a most valuable library, "the best
collection of scarce books which had then been seen in
this country." They were sold by auction in 1698.
Christopher Love Morley, M.D., was entered on
the physic line at Leyden, 18th February, 1676, being
then thirty }'ears of age, and he graduated doctor of
medicine there in 1679. He was admitted an Hono-
rary Fellow of the College of Physicians 30th Septem-
ber, 1680. He was created a Fellow of the College by
the charter of 1686 ; and was admitted at the Comitia
Majora Extraordinaria of 12th April, 1687. His name
was ordered to be withdrawn from the annual College
list of 1700, in compliance with his own wish."" He
was the author of a small treatise —
De Morbo Epidemico Annorum 1678-9, Narratio. 8vo. Lond.
1680.
Collectanea ChemieaLeydensia, a C. L. Morley edita. 4to. Lagd.
Bat. 1684.
Edward Baynard, M.D., was a doctor of medicine,
of what university is not stated, but probably of Ley-
* " Comitiis Censoriis Ordinai'iis Maii iii. 1700. Dr. Christoplier
Love Morley having desired by the Beadle that he might not be
any more summoned to the Colledge, because he could not act, as
not having taken the oaths required by the Government, therefore
his name was ordered to be left out of the Catalo"'ue."
1G87] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 451
den, as we know he was entered on the physic hne
there 25th May, 1671, being then thirty years of age.
He commenced the practice of his profession at Preston,
in Lancashire, but ultimately removed to London. He
was admitted an Honorary Fellow of the CoUege of
Physicians the day after Palm Sunday, 1G84. Created
a Fellow by the charter of king James IT, he was ad-
mitted as such 12th April, 1G87. Dr. Baynard was
the Horoscope of Garth's " Dispensary." He was the
author of —
Health : a Poem, shewing how to procure, preserve, and re-
store Health. To which is annexed the Doctor's Decade. 12mo.
Lond. 1719.
The History of Cold Bathing, both ancient and modern. 8vo.
Loud. 1706. 6th edition, edited by Sir John Floyer, M.D. 1725.
Sill Theodore Colladon, M.D., vv^as a son of Sir
John Collado, or Colladon, M.D., before mentioned in
this volume, p. 321 ; and was na.turalized here 14 Car.
II. Our present physician was created doctor of me-
dicine at Oxford, 20th December, 1670, and was ad-
mitted an Honorary Fellow of the College of Physi-
cians 25th June, 1685. He was constituted a Fellow.
of the College by the charter of king James II, and
was admitted as such at the Comitia Majora Extraor-
dinaria of 12th April, 1687. Dying in 1712, he was
interred in the burial ground of Chelsea Hospital.
Richard Blackburne, M.D., was born in London,
and educated at Trinity college, Cambridge, as a mem-
ber of which he proceeded A.B. in 1669. He was
entered on the physic line at Leyden 23rd May, 1676,
being then twenty-four years of age, and he gradu-
ated doctor of medicine in that Liniversity. He was
admitted an Honorary Fellow of the College of Phy-
sicians 25th June, 1685. Created a Fellow of the Col-
lege by the charter of king James II, he was admitted
as such at the Extraordinary Comitia of 12th April,
1687. Dr. Blackburne practised durmg the season at
2 G 2
452 ROLL OF THE [1687
Tunbridge Wells.''' He was Censor in 1688. He was,
we learn from Wood, the author of a short account of
the celebrated Thomas Hobbs, of Malmesbury, under
the title of
Yitie Hobbianae Auctarium.
Christian Harrell, M.D. — A doctor of medicine,
but of what university is not recorded, was elected an
Honorary Fellow of the College of Physicians, 25th
June, 1685, He was created a Fellow by the charter
of king James II, and was admitted as such 12th April,
1687. He was one of the many physicians who were
in medical attendance on Charles II in his last illness.
In Sir Charles Scarburgh's MS. report of that illness,
Dr. Harrell's name is variously and always misspelt.
Harrell too was physician to Nell Gw^n, and attended
her in her last illness. t
Simon Wellman, M.D., was the second son of Simon
Wellman, of Taunton, esquire, and was matriculated
at Exeter college, Oxford, 28th March, 1653, and ad-
mitted a demy of Magdalen college in 1655. He pro-
ceeded A.B. 13th October, 1656, A.M. 1658, and was
elected probationer fellow of Magdalen in 1658, but
resigned his fellowship in 1661. On the 30th Septem-
ber, 1661, he was admitted a Licentiate of the College
of Physicians. He was incorporated at Cambridge on
his master's degree, as a member of Trinity college,
1686, and in the same year proceeded doctor of medi-
cine at Cambridge, as a member of Christ college.
Having been created a FeUow of our College by the
* Britton's Memoir of Aubrey. 4to. Lond. 1845, p. 17.
t Among the curious papers recently discovered on the shelves
of Messrs. Child and Co., bankers, in the room over Temple Bar,
vpas the following receipt : —
" Received by the hands of Mr. Child the summe of one hon-
dert and nine pound yn full of all remedes and medecins delivered
to Mrs. Ellin Gw-yn deceased — I say received by me this 17th of
November, 1688. Christianus Han-ell. £109 00 00."—" Times "
Newspaper of March 1, 1875.
1687] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 453
charter of king James II, he was admitted as such 12th
April, 1687. He died ia 1707, without surviving issue,
and bequeathed his estates and property to his elder
brother Isaac.
George How, M.D., was born in Scotland, and on
the 8th September, 1677, being then twenty-two years
of age, and a master of arts, but of what university is
not stated, was entered on the physic hne at Ley den,
where he graduated doctor of medicine, and was ad-
mitted a Licentiate of the College of Physicians 30th
September, 1679. He was created a Fellow by the
charter of king James II, and as such was admitted
12th April, 1687. Dr. How was Censor in 1707. He
died 22nd March, 1710, as we learn from the following
memorandum in the Annals : " This day (22nd March,
1709-10) Dr. George How, Fellow of the College, and
an industrious and eminent practiser of physick, died
suddenly, walking in the Poultry," He was the Querpo
of Garth's " Dispensary," and is thus described : —
To the design shrill Querpo did agree,
A zealous member of the faculty.
His sire's pretended pious steps he treads,
And where the doctor fails the saint succeeds.
A conventicle flesh'd his greener years,
And his full age the righteous rancour shares.
Thus boys hatch game eggs under birds of prey.
To make the fowl more furious for the fray.
Nathaniel Johnston, M.D., was born in 1627, and
was the eldest son of the Rev. John Johnston, rector
of Sutton on Derwent. He was a doctor of medicine,
but of what university is not stated ; was created a
Fellow of the College of Physicians by the charter of
James II, and was admitted as such. 12th April, 1687.
He practised for many years at Pontefract, co. York,
and was an indefatigable antiquary. He devoted about
thirty years to amassing materials for the illustration
of the antiquities and natural history of Yorkshire.
His attention to these subjects diverted him from his
454 ROLL OF THE [1687
profession, and his practice at Pontefract having rapidly
diminished, he removed to London in 1686, where he
died in much poverty in 1705. The greater part of
his collections, extending to ninety-seven folio volumes,
descended to his grandson, the Rev. Henry Johnston,
rector of Whilton, Northamptonshire, and were sold
after his decease, in 1755, to Richard Frank, Esq. Dr.
Johnston had married Anne, daughter and co-heu-ess of
Richard Cudworth, of Eastfield, co. York, and by her
had four sons, the eldest of whom, Cudworth Johnston,
M.D., born 21st September, 1654, was an eminent phy-
sician of the city of York. Pelham Johnston, M.D.,
his son, and grandson, therefore, of Nathaniel Johnston,
M.D., will be mentioned in the 2nd volume.
Robert Gray, M.D., was elected an Honorary Fel-
low of the College of Physicians in December, 1664.
He was constituted a Fellow of the College by the
charter of king James II, and Avas admitted as such at
the Comitia Majora Extraordinaria of 12th April, 1687.
The College having been required by the House of Lords
to give in a list of such of their members as were
" Papists, reputed Papistp^, or criminals," we find in the
return dated 1st July, 1689, Dr. Gray's name under
the head of " criminals or reputed criminals." One of
both his names, and probably our present Fellow, was
town's physician of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, having suc-
ceeded Henry Atherton, M.D., in that office. He must
himself have died, says Brand (Newcastle, vol. ii, p.
363), before March 31st, 1701, when a motion was
made to appoint another to succeed him.
Joshua Le Feure, M.D., was admitted a Licentiate
of the College of Physicians, 22nd December, 1684,
was created a Fellow by the charter of king James II,
and was admitted as such 12th April, 1687. He was
one of the many physicians in attendance on Charles II
in his last illness.
Thomas Walsh, M.D., was created a Fellow of the
1687] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 455
College by the charter of king James II, and was ad-
mitted as SQch 12th April, 1G87.
John Eadcliffe, M.D., was the son of George Rad-
cliffe, by liis wife Anne Loader, and was born in 1650,
at Wakefield, in Yorkshire, and received his prelimi-
nary education at queen Elizabeth's free grammar school
in that town. When fifteen years of age he was sent
to University college, Oxford, as a member of which he
proceeded bachelor of arts 29th October, 1669. He
subsequently removed to Lincoln college, was elected
to a fellowship there, and took his master of arts de-
gree 7th June, 1672. He then devoted himself to me-
dicine, but seems to have studied in an irregular and
superficial manner. He had but few books, and it was
his boast to Dr. Bathurst, president of Trinity college,
that a few phials, a skeleton, and an herbal, constituted
his library. The writings of Dr. Thomas Willis, then
at the summit of his reputation in London, were those
which Radcliffe chiefly studied ; and, if we may credit
contemporary accounts, his medical reading scarcely
extended beyond them. He took the degree of bache-
lor of medicine 1st July, 1675, and at once commenced
practice in Oxford. About this time Dr. Marshall, the
rector of Lincoln college, opposed his application for a
faculty place in that college, which would have served
as a dispensation from taking holy orders, which the
statutes, if he retained his fellowship, required him to
do. This opposition, engendered by some witticisms
Radcliffe had pointed at the rector, did not, however,
divert him from his intention. His reputation as a
physician was rapidly extending ; his practice was al-
ready considerable, and the church was incompatible
with the views such a beginning had engendered. He
therefore resigned his fellowship in 1677, but was de-
su-ous of keeping his chambers at Lincoln, and being
allowed to reside there as a commoner. To this also
Dr. Marshall refused to accede, whereupon Radcliffe
quitted the college, and took lodgings in the city. He
456 ROLL OF THE [1687
proceeded doctor of medicine 5th July, 1682, and in
1684 removed to London, and settled in Bow-street,
Covent-garden. At this period. Dr. Lower, who had
done a most extensive practice, and who resided in
Covent-garden (King- street), was still alive, but had
fallen into disfavour and lost much of his business in
consequence of his espousal of the Whig cause. Dr.
Short, as we are told by Wood, had in great measure
succeeded to Lower's place and practice ; but his death,
in 1685, left the ground open, and RadcUffe, being then
just settled on the spot, at once came into large and
lucrative employment.
In 1686 the princess Anne of Denmark made him
her physician, and this before he had joined the Col-
lege of Physicians, of which he was created a Fellow
by the charter of king James II, and as such was ad-
mitted 12th April, 1687. After the Revolution he was
often sent for by king Wilham III and the great per-
sons about the court. In 1694 queen Mary caught the
small-pox and died. " The physician's part," says
bishop Burnet, " was universally condemned, and her
death was imputed to the negligence or unskilfulness
of Dr. Badcliffe. He was called for, and it appeared
but too evidently that his opinion was chiefly considered,
and most depended on. Other physicians were after-
wards called, but not till it was too late." The facts,
as thus stated by the bishop are incorrect, and the in-
ference unjust to the physician. The truth is, Badclifle
was caUed in at too late a period to be of any service ;
he condemned the means that had been employed in
the queen's case, and declared that " her majesty was
a dead woman, for it was impossible to do any good in
her case, when remedies had been given that were so
contrary to the nature of the distemper ; yet he would
endeavour to do all that lay in his power to give her
ease." Soon after this he lost the favour of the princess
Anne, by neglecting to obey her call, and another phy-
sician was chosen in his place. In 1699 king William,
after his return from Holland, sent for Badcliffe, and,
1687] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 457
showiDg him his swollen ankles, while the rest of his
body was emaciated, said — " What think you of these?"
" Why truly/' replied Radcliffe, " I would not have
your Majesty's two legs for your three kingdoms "—
which freedom lost the king's fa.vour, and no interces-
sion could ever recover it. When Anne came to the
throne, the earl of Godolphin used all his endeavours
to reinstate Radcliffe in his former position of first
physician, but the queen would not be prevailed upon,
alleging that Radcliffe would send her word, as he had
done before, " that her ailments were nothing but
the vapours." Still he was consulted in all cases of
emergency; and, though not admitted as the queen's
physician, he received large sums for his prescriptions.
In 1713 he was elected member of Parliament for the
town of Buckingham, when he withdrew from practice,
recommending all his patients to Dr. Mead. In the
last illness of queen Anne, Radcliffe was sent for from
Carshalton, whither he had retired, but answered he
had taken physic, and could not come. The queen died
in August, 1714, and Radcliife on the 1st of November
following ; his death, it is said, having been hastened
by dread of the populace, who were incensed against
him for his neglect of the queen.
It is difficult to form a correct estimate of Radcliffe's
attainments as a physician. That he was no scholar,
and had but httle acquaintance with the literature of
his profession, is universally conceded. Opinions vary,
however, in respect of his qualifications as a practical
physician. That he was an acute observer of symptoms,
and in many cases was peculiarly happy in the treat-
ment of disease, well authenticated instances forbid us
to deny. In the early part of his medical career he was
perpetually a,t warfare with his professional brethren;
and our Annals testify how frequently he was at issue
with the authorities of the College. His contemporaries
regarded him as an active, ingenious, adventurous em-
piric, whom constant and extensive practice had brought
at length to some skill in his profession. Dr. Mead,
458 ROLL OF THE [l687
who knew him but a few years before his death, and
whose opinion may have been unconsciously influenced
by the patronage Radcliffe was bestowing on him, says,
" he was deservedly at the head of his profession, on
account of his great medical penetration and experi-
ence." Whatever may be the judgment we form of
Dr. E-adclitfe's medical attainments and position, he
presented some traits of character which merit our
'.varmest approbation. He was steadfast in his friend-
ships, was a liberal benefactor to many in poverty and
distress, had a great respect for the clergy, and by his
will evinced, as Oxford attests, a truly magnificent re-
gard for the advancement of learning and science. He
left his estate in Yorkshire to University college, in
trust for the foundation of two medical travelling fel-
lowships, and for the purchase of perpetual advowsons
for the members of that college. He left also 5,000^.
for the enlargement of the buildings of University col-
lege, 40,000/. for building a library, 150?. per annum
for the librarian, and 100/. per annum for the purchase
of books. To St. Bartholomew's hospital he bequeathed
500/. a year " towards mending their dyette, and the
further yearly summe of 100/. for ever for buying
hnnen." His estates in Buckinghamshire, Northamp-
tonshire, and Surrey were left to his executors in trust
for charitable purposes, as they should think best.
The Badcliffe infirmary and observatory were built from
these funds. And from the same fund the trustees
voted 2,000/. towards the building of our present Col-
lege in Pall Mall East.""^
* " Quid sedula et attenta potuit observatio, nos docuit Sjden-
hamus ; a Radclivio autem discimus quid promptum atque celere
ingenium, quid ab acuto homine fieri possit natura usuque sagaci.
In liac tanta obscuritate rerum, in liac nostra tarn multiplici tarn
recondita, subtilique arte ita versatus, ut cseteros omnes pr^iret,
medicorum sui temporis facile princeps atque tyrannus. De in-
stantibus verissime judicabat, de fnturis tarn callide conjiciebat ut
infirmus quisque sibi diffidens languentes oculos in hunc unum con-
verteret, qui omnem expediret morbi causam eventusque secundaret
adeo ut aegri fiducia et medici anctoritas in faniam ejus junctis viri-
1(387]
ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 459
Dr. Radcliffe died on the 1st November, 1714, and
his body lay in state at his residence until the 27th
November, when it was removed to Oxford. Another
lying in state took place there, and a very imposing
ceremonial was observed at his fmieral. He was buried
in St. Mary's church, near the north-west corner of the
present organ gallery. A few years since (about 1820),
the situation of his grave in St. Mary's was not very
precisely known, but on opening one near the supposed
spot, a brick grave was discovered, wliich proved to be
that of Radclitie, by the evidem^e of a gold coffin-plate,
the simple inscription of which was forthwith copied
and engraved on the marble stone, immediately over
the place. It is as follows : —
John Radcliffe, M.D.
Died November the 1st, 1714,
in the 65th year
of his age.
A splendid portrait of Dr. E-adcliflPe, by Sir Godfrey
Kneller, is in the library. It was presented in 1764
by Dr. Jenner."'"' The gold-headed cane presented to
bus conspirarent. Callidum omne atque quaestuosiam exosns, uon
fortuose sed hominibus inserviit ; pauca, sed necessaria imperavit,
neque minimis quibnsque inbisrens, vultu oculis compositis singula
ssepe soepius notans atque introspiciens, scienti^ perspicacioris
nomen, nngis captavit. Mores hominum iitcunque dissimulates
aut celatos, vimque omnem humanas naturae nemo melius detexit
intellexitve, nemo tanto cum sale atque libertate notavit. Fama
prseter caeteros egregia, illis, quos fulgoi'e suo urebat minus forsan
acceptus ; quos vero priBcellenti ingenio extinxit vivus, iis sopita
cum morte iuvidia splendorem et dignitatem attulit, quod ipse sus-
tinuit decus, posteris facile adimplendum negotio relinquens. Aca-
demiae, nbi enutritus erat, memor usque discipulus, subsidia ibidem
locavit ne quid adjumenti ad artem nostram sive provehendam sive
ornandam emergentibus ingeniis deesset ; et ne in publicis operibus
aggrediendis sibi dispar videretur, tarn cospta ingenti molimine
assurgit Bibliotheca dignum tanti viri mausoleum." Oratio
Harveiana 18 Oct« 1737: auctore Jacobo Monro, M.D., p. 18.
* " 1764. Apr. 16. Dr. Gisborne having acquainted the College
that Doctor Jenner had made them a present of the late Doctor
Radcliifc's picture which Dr. Radcliffe had given Doctor Jenner's
father, Dr. Gisborne was desired to return the thanks of the
Collee-e."
4G0 ROLL OF THE [1687
the college by Mrs. Baillie, originally belonged to Rad-
cliffe.
John Harrison, M.D,, of Cambridge by royal man-
date 1682, was created a Fellow of the College of Phy-
sicians by tlie charter of king James II, and was ad-
mitted as such at the Comitia Majora of 12th April,
1687.
Edward Betts, M.D., was the son of Dr, John Betts,
a Fellow of the College before mentioned. He was
created a Fellow of the College of Physicians by the
charter of James II, and was admitted as such at the
Comitia Majora Extraordinaria of 12th April, 1687.
Dr. Betts died 27th April, 1695, and was buried in the
churchyard attached to the old church of St. Pancras.
His gravestone bore the following inscription : —
Hie jacet sepultus
Edvardus Betts, M.D.
Colleg'd Medicorum Londin. quondam Socius
prseclari viri Johannis Betts, M. Doetoris
ejusdem Collegii quondam Pr^sidis filius.
Ob. die 27™° mensis April. Anno Salutis mdcxcv.
C. A. R. I. P.
Sir Hans Sloane, Bart., M.D., was born at Kille-
leagh, in the north of Ireland, on the 16th April, 1660.
Though a native of the sister island, he was of Scotch
extraction ; his father, Alexander Sloane, having been
the head of a colony of Scots settled in Ulster by James
I. From a very early age he evinced an inclination for
the study of natural history and medicine, which was
strengthened by a suitable education. When about
sixteen years of age he was attacked by a spitting of
blood, which threatened to be attended with consider-
able danger, and interrupted the regular course of his
application for three years. He had already learned
enough of medicine to know that a malady of this na-
ture was not to be suddenly removed, and he prudently
abstained from wine and other stimulating liquors. By
1687J ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 461
strictly observing this regimen, which he in some mea-
sure continued ever afterwards, he was enabled to pro-
long his Hfe beyond the ordinary limits, presenting an
example of the truth of his favourite maxim — that so-
briety, temperance, and moderation, are the best and
most powerful preservatives that nature has granted to
mankind,'" To improve himself in his profession, he
proceeded to France, where he attended the lectures of
Tournefort on botany, and those of Duverney on ana-
tomy ; and on leaving Paris went to Montpelier, where
he studied more particularly the several branches of
natural history. Having taken the degree of doctor
of medicine in the university of Orange, he, in 1684,
returned to Loudon, and was admitted a fellow of the
Royal Society. Being introduced to Sydenham, that
great physician took him into his house, gave him in-
struction and encouragement, and recommended him
in the strongest manner to practice. Dr. Sloane was
created a Fellow of the College of Physicians by the
charter of James II, and was admitted 12th April, 1687.
His love of natural history induced him the same year
(1687) to accept the appointment of physician to the
duke of Albemarle, then going out as governor of Ja-
maica. The duke's death, shortly after reaching the
island, limited Dr. Sloane's stay there to fifteen months ;
but so indefatigable was he in the pursuit of the ob-
jects he had in view, that had he not, in the language
of his French eulogist, converted, as it were, his minutes
into hours, he could not have made those numerous
acquisitions which contributed so largely to extend the
knowledge of nature ; while they laid the foundation
of his future fame and fortune. Several circumstances
concurred to render this voyage of Dr, Sloane to Ja-
maica peculiarly successful to natural history. He was
the first man of learning whom the love of science alone
had led from England to that part of the globe, and,
* Weld's History of the Royal Society, vol. i, p. 450 ; a work
to which I am indebted for many of the particulars in the above
sketch.
4G2 ROLL OF THE [l687
consequently, the field was wholly open to him. He
was already well acquainted with the discoveries of the
age. He had an enthusiasm for his object, and was at
an age when both activity of body and vivacity of mind
concur to vanquish difficulties. Under this happy co-
incidence of circumstances, it is not strange that Dr.
Sloane returned home with a rich harvest. In fact,
besides a proportional number of subjects from the ani-
mal kingdom, he brought from Jamaica and the other
islands they touched at, not fewer than eight hundred
different species of plants — a number far beyond what
had ever been brought by any individual into England
before.'" He returned from his voyage on the 29th May,
1689, and settling in London soon became eminent.
In 1693, Dr. Sloane was elected secretary of the
Royal Society, and in that capacity revived the print-
ing of the Transactions, which had for a short time
been suspended. He continued to superintend, their
publication till 1712. In 1696 he published his " Ca-
talogus Plantarum qu9s in Insula Jamaica sponte pro-
veniunt aut vulgo coluntur ; cum earundem synonymis
et locis natalibus ; adjectis aliis quibusdam quae in
insulis Maderse, Barbados, Nieves et Sancti Christopheri
nascuntur." Svo. pp. 232. " In this volume, however
small in bulk, yet vast in labour, there is a circum-
stance much to the credit of the author. It is the care
which he has taken to consult every possible resource
in order to discriminate his plants and avoid an unne-
cessary multiplication of species by describing that as
new, which was before known. So numerous a set of
synonyms had never been inserted in any local cata-
logue, and Sloane greatly enhanced its value by a most
conmiendable addition, having, with incredible labour,
referred to every traveller of note ' for all the vege-
tables renowned for utility in medicine, arts, or oeco-
nomy."'f The arrangement followed in this catalogue
* Pulteney's Historical and Biograpliical Sketches of the Pro-
.gress of Botany in England. 2 vols. 8vo., Lond., 1790; vol. ii,
p. 681. t Pnlteney ut supra, p. 72.
1687] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 463
is nearly that of Ray, with whom and Robert Boyle he
had been on habits of friendly intimacy from his first
coming to London. To Ray he had already commu-
nicated his MSS. for the use of that author's third vo-
lume of the History of Plants. On the 1 9th July, 1701,
having been then a considerable benefactor to the Bod-
leian library, he was created doctor of medicine at
Oxford. The first volume of his great work, that on
which his I'eputation as a natural historian was founded,
appeared in 1707, with the title — "A Voyage to the
Islands of Madera, Barbadoes, Nieves, St. Christoj)her's,
and Jamaica ; with the Natural History of the Herbs
and Trees, four-footed Beasts, Fishes, Birds, Insects,
Reptiles, &c. To which is prefixed. An Account of the
Inhabitants, Air, Water, Diseases, Trade, &c., of that
place, with some relations concerning the neighbouring
continent and islands of America." Folio. The second
volume was not published till 1725. The reputation
he acquired by the first volume was manifested by his
election, in 1708, to a vacant seat among the few
foreign members of the French Academy of Sciences.
In 1712 he was elected vice-president of the Eoyal
Society.
In the meantime he had been steadily rising in pro-
fessional reputation. Queen Anne frequently consulted
him, and on the accession of king George I, he was ap-
pointed physician-general to the army, and in 1 7 1 G
created a baronet. Sir Hans SJoane, who had served
the ofiice of Censor in 1705, 1709, 1715, was on the
1st June, 1716, named an Elect of the College, in place
of Dr. Dawes, resigned; and on the 1st October, 1719,
was elected President, an office to which he was an-
nually re-elected till 1735, when he was succeeded by
Dr. Pellet. In 1727, Sir Hans was elected to succeed
the immortal Newton in the presidential chair of the
Royal Society, and in the same year was appointed
first physician to king George 11. In 1740 he resigned
the chair of the Royal Society, and retired to Chelsea,
where he had purchased an estate. There he enjoyed
464 EOLL OF THE [1687
in peaceful repose the remains of a well-spent life, still
continuing to receive, as he had done in London, the
visits of scientific men, of learned foreigners, and of
the royal family ; and, what is still more to his praise,
he never refused admittance nor advice to rich or poor,
who came to consult him, concerning their health. Sir
Hans Sloane died at Chelsea, on the 1 1th January, 1753,
in the 92nd year of his age.
The monument to his memory m Chelsea churchyard
bears the following inscription : —
In menioiy of
Sir Hans Sloane, Bart.
President of the Royal Society and of the College of Physicians,
who, in the year of our Lord 1753, the 92nd year of his age,
without the least pain of body ;
and with a conscious serenity of mind,
ended a virtuous and beneficent life.
This monument w^as erected by his two daughters,
Elizabeth Cadogan and Sarah Stanley.
Sir Hans Sloane was for many years physician to
Christ's Hospital, to which he was elected in 1694. He
continued to discharge the duties incident to his office
until 1730, when age and infirmities compelled him to
resign it. During the whole of this period he never
retained his salary, but always devoted it to charitable
purposes. He was one of the warmest supporters of the
Foundling hospital, the plan for the management of
the children in which was drawn up by him. He com-
municated several papers on medicine and natural his-
tory to the Philosophical Transactions, and pubHshed a
small pamphlet, which for many years was in great esti-
mation, "On Sore Eyes."
Sir Hans Sloane is said to have been tall and well
made in his person ; easy, polite, and engaging in his
manners ; sprightly in his conversation, and obliging to
all. To foreigners he was extremely courteous, and
ready to show and explain his curiosities to all who
gave him timely notice of their visit. He kept an
open table once a week for his learned friends, particu-
larly those of the Royal Society. He was a governor
1G87] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 4G5
of almost every hospital in London ; and to each after
having given an hundred pounds in his lifetime, he left
a more considerable legacy at his death. In the exer-
cise of his function as a physician he is said to have
been remarkable for the certainty of his prognostics,
and the hand of the anatomist verified in a signal
manner the truth of his predictions relating to the seat
of diseases. By his practice he not only confirmed the
efficacy of the Peruvian bark in intermittents, but
extended its use to fevers of other denomina,tions, to
nervous disorders, and to gangrene and haemorrhages.
The sanction he gave to inoculation, by performing that
operation on some of the royal family, encouraged and
much accelerated its progress throughout the kingdom.""
Sir Hans Sloane's claim to the gratitude of this
country for founding our national museum, is too well
known to require more than a passing notice in this
place. By his will, bearing date 20th July, 1749, he
expressed a desire that his collection in all its branches
might be kept and preserved together after his decease,
and he bequeathed it to the public on condition that
twenty thousand pounds should be paid to his family —
a sum which is said to have scarcely exceeded the in-
trinsic value of the gold and silver medals and the ores
and precious stones in his collection, for in the will he
declared that the first cost of the whole amounted at
least to fifty thousand pounds. His hbrary, consisting
of 4,100 manuscripts and upwards of 50,000 volumes
(but this number is thought to be much exaggerated), f
was included in this bequest. Application was directed
to be made to Parhament by his executors, in further-
ance of the object he had had so much at heart. Hap-
pily for the cause of literature and the honour of the
country. Parliament accepted the trust on the required
conditions, and the whole of Sir Hans Sloane's fine coUec-
* Pulteney ut supra.
t Handbook to the Library of the British Museum, by Richard
Sims, of the Department of Manuscripts. 12mo. Lond. 1854,
p. 4,
VOL. I. 2 H
400 ROLL OF THE [1687
tion of books, manuscripts, prints, medals and coins, seals,
cameos, drawings, and pictures became the property of
the nation, and formed the nucleus of the British
Museiun.'"' To the site of the British Museum, then
known as Montague-place, the collections were removed
from Chelsea during the years 17d6-7, and it w^as to-
wards the close of the latter year that the public were
first admitted to their inspection and use. Sir Hans
Sloane's gift, under certam conditions, of the Botanical
garden at Chelsea to the Apothecaries' company, and the
wise rules he laid down for its management, was at the
same time a proof of his munificence, and of his con-
tinued love of a science which had engaged his attention
from his earliest years. The intentions of the donor have
been faithfully and liberally fulfilled by the Company,
who expend a large sum annually w^ith no other view
than the promotion of botanical knowledge, more es-
pecially in the cultivation of curious and rare plants.
In 1748 they erected in front of the greenhouse a
statue of Sir Hans Sloane, by Rysbrach, at a cost of
280/., with this inscription : —
Hansio Sloane Baronetto, Archiatro
Insignissimo Botanices Fautori
Hoc, Honoris Causa, Monumentum
Inque Perpetuum Ejus Memoriam
Sacrum voluit
Societas Pharmacopceiorum Londinensis.
* Sir Hans Sloane died, as we have seen, 11th January, 1753,
and in the month of June of the same year an Act was passed " For
the purchase of the Museum or Collection of Sir Hans Sloane, and
of the Harleian Collection of Manuscripts ; and for providing one
general repository for the better reception and more convenient use
of the said collections ; and of the Cottonian Library and of the
additions thereto." By the same Act a board, cousisting of forty-
two trustees, was appointed for putting the same into execution.
At a general meeting of this body, held at the Cockpit, at White-
hall, on the 3rd April, 1754, it was resolved to accept of a proposal
which had been made to them of the " capital Mansion House,
called Montague House, and the freehold ground thereto belonging,
for the general repository of the British Museum, on the terms of
ten thousand pounds." Sim's Handbook to the Library of the
British Museum. Post 8vo, Lond. 1854, p. 2.
1687] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 467
Sir Hans had married in 1695, Elizabeth, the
daughter of alderman Langley of London. She died
in 1724. By her he left two daughters, who married
into the noble famihes of Stanley and Cadogan. A
portrait of this distinguished physician painted by
Thomas Murray is in the College."""
Sir Eichard Blackmore, M.D., was the son of
Robert Blackmore, an attorney, and was born at Cor-
sham. He received his rudimentary education at a
country school, whence he was removed to St. Peter's,
Westminster. He was entered at St. Edmund's hall,
Oxford, 19th March, 1668; and jDroceeded A.B. 4th
April, 1674, A.M. 3rd June, 1676. He is said to have
been engaged for some short time as a schoolmaster, a
circumstance with which he was in after life often re-
proached, t He travelled for a time upon the continent,
* "adalterumPrsesidem dignissiraum qui turn nostras turn
RegiEe societati multos annos preef uit, nunc transeamus ; ad clarissi-
mum Sloanium, quern jam postremum celebraturi sumus : medicum,
queni, etsi floruit apud sasculum prius, nuperrime tamen e Collegio
ereptum flemus : medicum, tanta cequanimitate insignem (qua nihil
in medicina facienda magis necessarium, nihil ad longam medici
vitam magis confert) quanta infirmioi'em, per assiduos medendi
labores ad longissimam senectutem sustentavit valetudinem. Et
senectutis profecto tranquillitatem eo magis optandam riddiderant
ei longus labor et studium, quae eam a multis retro annis pr^ecesse-
rant, quod Bibliothecam et Repositorium (non dicam Regia, sed
Regiis omnibus prsestantiora) quibuscum senex quotidie delectare-
tur, ei comparassent. Neque minorem in Thesauris liisce testa-
mento legandis erga patriam quam erga familiam suam manifesta-
vit caritatem. Cum enim pretiosiores essent quam qui sine injuria
privata dari, et sine publica, pretio suo, emi possent, eos quidem
Patriae suae, conditionibus neque Familise neqae Nationi sua3 inju-
riosis, legavit : asquum, ut opinior, ratus, doctam illam gentem, quae
facultates ad eos congerendos ei ministraverat, famam ac utilitatem
ab iis expectandas, in omne asvum possidere. O senem omnino
beatum ! Qui senectutem otiosam atque placidam ; vitam longam
et felicem ; mortem denique, subitam nee improvisam nactus es."
Oratio Harveiana festo Divi Lucae habita A.D. MDCCLV. a Ro-
berto Taylor M.D. p. 39-40.
t " By nature form'd, by want a pedant made
" Blackmore at first set up the whipping trade
" Next quack commenced ; then fierce with pride lie swore
" That toothache, gout and corns should be no more.
2 H 2
468 ROLL OF THE [1687
for improvement in physic ; visited Italy, and took his
deofree of doctor of medicine at Padua. Keturnino^ to
England, he settled in London ; was created a Fellow
of the College of Physicians by the charter of king
James II, and was admitted as such at the Comitia
Majora Extraordinaria of 12th April, 1687. He evinced
an early attachment to the principles of the Revolution,
a ftict which recommended him to the notice and favour
of king William III, who, in 1697, appointed Dr.
Blackmore one of his physicians in ordinary, and sub-
sequently conferred on him the honour of knighthood.
He was Censor in 1716 ; and was named an Elect 22nd
August, 1716, m place of Dr. Colebrook, deceased. Sir
Richard Blackmore resigned his office of Elect, 22nd
October, 1722; about a year before which he had re-
tired into the country. He died at an advanced age 9th
October, 1729, and was buried at Boxted, Essex, in
the church of which there is an elegant mural monu-
ment bearing a long inscription to the memory of his
wife, Dame Mary Blackmore, and of liimself That to
Sir Richard Blackmore is as follows : —
M. S.
Richardi Blackmore Equ. Aur:
et M.D.
Liber ad ^thereas duni spiritus avolat oras
Sanguinis hie recubat corpus inane meum
Judice sed Christo tandem redeunte resurgens
(Id spero) vitam non moriturus agam.
Tu quoque quge dormis taciti Collega sepulchri
et dudum Consors cliara cubilis eras
Emergens meum situi clangore tubente
Tu scandes socia regna beata fuga
Dumque arces ceeli Christum resonare docemus
Fundimus et Patri cantica sacra Deo
Pectora pr^edulcis saturabit nostra voluptas
Quae Suit aeternum pura et amore Dei ^t: 76
Ob: Octob 9, 1729.
Sir Richard was a very voluminous and discursive
writer, in prose and verse, on religion, history, and
" In vain his drugs as well as birch he tried
" His boys grew blockheads and his patients died."
1G87] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 469
medicine. Leaving untouched tlie disputed question
of his claims to the character of a j^oet, and making no
mention of his writings in other departments of science
or hterature, I proceed to give a Hst of his medical
pubHcations : —
A Discourse on tlie Plague, with a prefatory account of Malignant
Fevers. 8vo. Lond. 1720.
A Treatise on the Small Pox, and a Dissertation on the Modern
Practice of Inoculation, 8vo. Lond. 1723.
A Treatise on Consumptions and other Distempers belonging to
the Breast and Lungs. 8vo. Lond. 1724.
A Treatise on the Spleen and Vapours, or Hypochondriacal and
Hysterical AiSections ; with three Discourses on the Nature and
Cure of the Cholic, Melancholy and Palsy. 8vo. Lond. 1725.
A Critical Dissertation on the Spleen. 8vo. Lond. 1725.
Discourses on the Gout, Rheumatism, and King's Evil. 8vo.
Lond. 1726.
Dissertations on a Dropsy, Tympany, the Jaundice, Stone, and
Diabetes. 8vo. Lond. 1727.*
Sir Kichard Blackmore's portrait, by Colsterman, is
at the College. It was presented by Richard Almack,
esqr. in 1863.
Tancred Robinson, M.D., was the second son of
Thomas Robinson, esqr., and his wife Elizabeth,
daughter of Charles Tancred, of Arden, co. York, esqr.,
and was educated at St. John's college, Cambridge, as
a member of which house he proceeded M.B. 1679. In
company with the future Sir Hans Sloane he now
visited France, and with him attended the lectures of
Tournefort and DuYerney at Paris. He then visited
Italy, and, returning to England in 1684, graduated
M.D. at Canibridge in 1685. He was created a Fellow
of the College of Physicians by the charter of king
James II and was admitted 12th April, 1687. He
was Censor in 1693 and 1717 ; was named an Elect in
place of Dr. Cole, deceased, 16th October, 1716; and
was Consiliarius from 1727 to 1745. He resigned his
place as an Elect 12th August, 1746. Dr. Ptobinson
was admitted a fellow of the Royal Society 1st December,
* Biographia Britannica, vol. ii.
470 ROLL OF THE [1687
1684, and was the author of several papers in the
"Philosophical Transactions," and of " Two Essays ; the
first concerning some errors about the Creation and
Flood ; the second, concerning the use and progress of
Fables and Romances." 8vo. Lend. 1695. Dr. Robinson
died at a very advanced age, 29th March, 1748. He
was an accomplished botanist, and the intimate friend
of Kay, who styled him " Amicorum Alpha." He was
physician in ordinary to George II.
Richard Carr, M.D., was educated at Magdalen
college, Cambridge; and proceeded A.B. 1670, A.M.
1674. Applying himself to the business of tuition, he
was appointed master of the grammar school of Sai&on
Walden in 1676, but resigned that office in the early
part of 1683, proceeded to Leyden, and on the 1st June
in that year was entered on the physic line there. He
proceeded M.D. at Cambridge in 1686. He was created
a Fellow of the College of Physicians by the charter of
king James II, and was admitted as such 12th April,
1687. Dying in September, 1706, he was buried on
the 29th of that month, in the church of St. Faith, under
St. Paul's cathedral. He was the author of
Epistolae Medicinales variis occasionibus scriptse. 12mo. Lond.
1691.
Charles Conquest, M.D., was created a Fellow of
the College by the charter of king James II, and was
admitted as such at the Comitia Majora of 12th April,
1687. He died of a fever induced by drinking some
strong wine immediately after the use of the hot baths
at Bath ;''" and was buried in the abbey church of that
city 20th September, 1693.
Richard Griffith, M.D., was educated at Eton, and
chosen thence a fellow of King's college, Cambridge ;
" but was entered as a new comer and feUow of Uni-
* Edward Bernard, M.D. Letter on Hot and Cold Baths. 8vo.
Lond. 1722, p. 322.
1G87] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 471
versity college, Oxford," says Wood,"" "on one and the
same day, in the jDlace of Ezra Tongue, anno 1654.
Afterwards he took the degrees in arts (A.B. 7th July,
1657, A.M. 3rd May, 1660), and intended to be a
preacher ; but, being not minded to conform, he left the
college, applied his mind to pliysick, and went to Leyden
in Holland, where he took the degree of doctor of that
faculty." Our Annals, however, represent him as a
doctor of medicine of Caen in Normandy, of 12th June,
1664. He was admitted an Honorary Fellow of the
College of Physicians in December, 1664 ; and having
been created a Fellow by the charter of king James II,
was admitted as such 12th April, 1687. He was Censor
in 1688, 1690 ; and Registrar for the year 1690. Dr.
Griffith was the author of a pamphlet entitled,
A la Mode Phlebotomy, no good fashion ; or, the copy of a Letter
to Dr. Hungerford (of Reading), complaining of and instancing in
the phantastical behaviour and unfair dealings of some London phy-
sicians, when they come to be consulted withal about sick persons
living at a distance from them in the country. Whereupon a fit
occasion is taken to discourse of the profuse way of Blood-letting,
formerly unheard of, though now-a-days so mightily in request in
England. 8vo. Lond. 1681.
Ferdinando Mendez, M.D., was a Portuguese Jew.
When Catharine of Braganza was on her way to Eng-
land to become the wife of Charles II, she was attacked
during her journey through New Castile with erysipelas,
and Mendez, who was physician to king John IV of
Portugal, was sent to her assistance. He gained such
favour in the sight of the princess, that she made him a
member of her household, and desired him to accompany
her to England and settle here.t Dr. Mendez reached
this country 25th October, 1669, and was appointed
physician in ordinary to the queen. He had a daughter,
Catherine, born about 1678 in the royal palace of Somer-
set house, and the queen, from whom she was named,
* Fasti Oxon., vol. ii, p. 805.
t Sketches of Anglo-Jewish History, by James Pacciotto. 8vo.
Lond. L875, p. 44.
472 ROLL OF THE [1G87
was pleased to be her godmother."''' Dr. Mendez was
one of the many physicians in regular attendance on
Charles II in his last illness. He was created a Fellow
of the College of Physicians by the charter of king
James II, and was admitted as such 12th April, 1687.
He died m 1725.
Walter Needham, M.D., was a native of SmTey,
educated at Westminster school, whence he was elected
to Trinity college, Cambridge, in 1650. He proceeded
doctor of medicine, as a member of Queen's college, 5th
July, 1664 ; and was admitted an Honorary Fellow of
the College of Physicians in December, 1664. Prior to
this he had been invited to practise at Shrewsbury ; but
after a short stay in that town was attracted to Oxford
by the fame of its anatomical school. He there attended
the lectures of Willis, Lower, and Millington, and then
removed to London ; was admitted a fellow of the Royal
Society, 6th April, 1671, and on the 7th November,
1673, was appointed physician to the Charterhouse.
Dr. Needham lived in Great Queen-street, and not in
the Charterhouse, as by the rules of the foundation he
ought to have done. He was created a Fellow of our
College by the charter of king James II ; was admitted
12th April, 1687 ; and dying on the 16th April, 1691,
was buried obscurely at St. Giles-in-the-Fields ; " exe-
cutions," as Wood tells us, "being out to seize both
body and goods." In Sydenham's epistle dedicatory to
Dr. Mapletoft, allusion is made to their common friend-
ship for Dr. Walter Needham, and he is styled " tam
medicse artis quam rei literariae decus et laus." He
was the author of a standard work —
Dissertatio Anatomica de Formato FcBtu. 8vo. Lond. 1667,
reprinted shortly afterwards at Amsterdam, and again
by Mangetus, in his " Bibliotheca Anatomica," and cha-
racterised by HaUert as " egregius liber et per experi-
* Gent. Mag. for 1812, vol. Ixxxii, part i, p. 22 et seq.
t Boerhaave Method Studii Medici. Vol. i, p. 391.
1687] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 473
menta natus." A paper of his is to be seen in the " Phi-
losophical Transactions ;" and Birch, in his " History of
the Royal Society,"' gives a dissertation from his pen on
the blood, bile, lympli, and other animal fluids.
Sm John Gordon, M.D.— Of this physician I have
failed to recover any particulars save that, haviog been
created a Fellow of tlie College by the charter of king
James II, he was admitted as such J 2th April, 1687;
and served the office of Censor in 1689. His name is
spelt in various ways in the Annals — Gourden, Gurden,
Gordon.
John Hungerford, M.D., was created a Fellow of
the CoUege by the charter of king James II and was
admitted as such at the Comitia Majora Extra ordinaria
of 12th April, 1687. Dr. Hungerford was probably the
person to whom Dr. Richard Griffith (p. 470) addressed
his "Ala Mode Phlebotomy, no good fashion ; " 8vo.
Lond. 1681, and if so, he practised at Reading.
Thomas Palmer, M.D., was the son of Sir William
Palmer, of Hill, co. Bedford, by his wife, Dorothy
Bramston. He was educated at Eton ; proceeded thence
to King's college, Cambridge, of which he became a
fellow; took his degree of bachelor of arts in 1666, and
was created master of arts in 1669, per Literas Regias,
upon the visit of the prince of Tuscany to Cambridge.
He then applied himself to physic, traveUed for some
years upon the continent ; visited Leyden, and entered
himself on the physic line there 16th AjDril, 1676, but
took the degree of doctor of raedicme at Padua, and,
returning to this country, proceeded M.D. at Cambridge
2nd February, 1683. He was admitted a Candidate of
the CoUege of Physicians 22nd December, 1683 ; and,
having been created a Fellow by the charter of king
James II was admitted as such at the Comitia Extra-
ordinaria of 12th April, 1687.
Cornelius Callow, M.D., was created a Fellow of
474 ROLL OF THE [1687
the College by the Charter of king James II and was
admitted as such 12th April, 1687.
RiCHAUD Smith, M.D., was the son of William Smith,
M.D., of Prince's Kisborough, co. Bucks, and was edu-
cated at Merton college, Oxford, where he proceeded
A.B. 20th June, 1667, A.M. 8th June, 1670. He
studied for a few months at Leyden, and was entered
on the physic line there 13th August, 1674. He took
the degree of doctor of medicine at Utrecht in January,
1675, and was incorporated on that degree at Oxford,
25th June, 1678. He was created a Fellow of the Col-
lege by the charter of James II and was admitted as
such 16th June, 1687. He practised at Aylesbury, and
dying in January, 1714, was buried at Din ton, co.
Bucks, on the 25th of that month.
Lancelot Harrison, M.D., was the son of Lancelot
Harrison, M.D., of Faversham, an Honorary Fellow of
the College before mentioned (vol. i, p. 347). He was
admitted a pensioner of St. John's college, Cambridge,
7th May, 1670, being then nmeteen years of age. As
a member of that CoUege he proceeded A.B. 1672-3,
A.M. 1676. He was a doctor of medicine of the uni-
versity of St. Andrew's, and was incorporated on that
degree at Cambridge, in 1683. He was admitted a
Candidate of the CoUege of Physicians, 22nd December,
1683. Created a Fellow by the charter of king James
II, he was admitted as such 25th June, 1687.
John Ei-liott, M.D. — A doctor of medicine of Cam-
bridge (by royal mandate) of 1681 ; incorporated on
that degree at Oxford, 11th July, 1683 ; w^as created a
Fellow of the College of Physicians by the charter of
king James II, and was admitted as such 25th June,
1687. At the general election of ofBcers for that year
he was appointed Censor. Dr. Elliott was one of two
(Dr. Gray, before mentioned, being the other), who,
on the 1st July, 1689, were returned to the House
1687] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 475
of Lords by the College as " criminals or reputed crimi-
nals."
Eglenby. — I met with him as a Licentiate of
the College, but I have not succeeded in finding a record
of his admission as such. He resided in Broad Street,
and in the College list'" stands immediately above Dr.
William Sydenham.
William Sydenham, M.D., was the eldest son of
Dr. Thomas Sydenham, the English Hippocrates ; and
it was for his instruction and guidance in practice that
his distinguished father compiled the '' Processus Ente-
gri in Morbis fere omnibus Curandis." The history of
Dr. William Sydenham is veiled in even greater obscu-
rity than his father's. All we know is, that he was ad-
mitted a pensioner of Pembroke college, Cambridge, in
or about the year 1674; that he left Cambridge without
takuig a degree in either arts or medicine ; that he pro-
ceeded doctor of medicine in some foreign university,
and was admitted a Licentiate of the College of Physi-
cians 29th November, 1687. He must have died about
the year 1738. His name disappeared from the College
list of 1738 ; but stands at the top of the Licentiates in
that of 1737.
Dr. William Sydenham was the author of —
Compendium Praxeos Medicee Sydenham!, in usnm quorundam
commodiorem, cum nonnullis passim emendationibus atque tandem
Formulis aliquot Medicamentorum additis, ex autographo Autoris
peritissimi. Editum a Gulielmo Sydenliamo, M.D. Thomse filio
natu maximo. 12mo. Lond. 1719.
James Butler, M.D. — A doctor of medicine of the
university of Orange, was admitted an Extra-Licentiate
of the College 21st December, 1687.
Nehemiah Cox, M.D. — A doctor of medicine, but of
what university is not stated, was admitted an Hono-
rary Fellow of the College of Physicians 22nd Decem-
* Annales V, ad finem ante indicem.
476 BUI.L OF THE [l687
ber, 1687. He married Margaret, the second daughter
of Edmond Portman, of London, gent., and dying the
11th August, 1688, was buried in Bunhill-fields.
Robert Midgley, M.D., was educated at Christ col-
lege, Cambridge, as a member of which he proceeded
M.B. 1676, M.D. 1687. He was admitted a Candidate
of the College of Physicians 22nd December, 1687. He
was the author of —
A Treatise of Natural Philosophy freed from the Intricacies of
the Schools. IBino. Lond. 1687.
John Jones, D.C.L., was the son of Matthew Jones,
of Pentrick, in Glamorganshire, and was educated at
Jesus college, Oxford, of which society he became a
fellow. He proceeded A.B. 5th April, 1666 ; A.M. 11th
May, 1670; B.C.L. 9th July, 1673; D.C.L. 21st July,
1677. He had a licence ad practicandmn from the
university of Oxford, 25th June, 1678, and for some
years practised as a physician at Windsor. He was
admitted a Licentiate of the College of Physicians 22nd
December, 1687. Dr. Jones subsequently became chan-
cellor of the cathedral church of Llandatf. Whilst hold-
ing that office he published an extraordinary and per-
fectly unintelligible book, containing 371 octavo pages
of small print, entitled, —
The Mysteries of Opium revealed, by Dr. John Jones, Chancel-
lor of Llandaff, a Member of the College of Physicians in London,
and formerly Fellow of Jesus College in Oxford. Svo. Lond. 1700.
He was also the author of-—
Novarum Dissertationum. de Morbis abstrusioribus Tractatus pri-
mus, de Febribus intermittentibus. 8vo. Lond. 1G83.
De Morbis Hibernorum et de Dysenteria Hibernica exercitatio
medica. 4to. Lond. 1698.
Charles Nichols, M.D. — A bachelor of arts of Cam-
bridge of 1647 (Peterhouse), and a doctor of medicine,
of the university of Caen, in Normandy, of 19th May,
1679 ; was admitted a Licentiate of the College of Phy-
sicians, 22nd December, 1687.
1688] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 477
Clopton Havers, M.D., was educated at Catherine
hall, Cambridge, but left the university without taking
any degree. He was admitted an Extra- Licentiate of
the College of Physicians 28th July, 1684. On the
15th December, 1686, he was admitted a fellow of the
Eoyal Society. Having graduated doctor of medicine at
Utrecht, 3rd July, 1685 (D.M.I, de Eespiratione), he
settled in London, and was admitted a Licentiate of the
College 22nd December, 1687. He died in April, 1 702,
and was buried on the 29 th of that month at Willingale
Doe, in Essex. His funeral sermon, preached by Lilly
Butler, D.D., minister of St, Mary, Aldermaiibury, was
printed in London, in quarto, the same year, and dedi-
cated to Mrs. Dorcas Havers, his widow. Dr. Havers
was a minute and very accomplished anatomist. His
*' Osteologia Nova ; or, some new Observations of the
Bones, and the parts belonging to them," 8vo. Lond ,
1691, was long a standard work. It was translated at
Amsterdam, in 1721, and came to a second edition in
this country in 1729. Dr. Havers edited "The Ana-
tomy of Man and Woman, from Spacher and Remme-
lin," foL Lond. 1691 ; and published in the "Philoso-
phical Transactions " " An Account of an Extraordinary
Bleeding from the Lachrymal Gland, and some Obser-
vations on the Concoction of Eood."
James Disbrowe, M.D., but of what university is
not recorded, having undergone the three examinations
— the third on the 7th January, 1687-8, and been ap-
proved— was admitted a Licentiate of the College of
Physicians, but when does not appear. It was, pro-
bably, at the Comitia Majora Ordinaria, next ensuing,
namely, on the day after Palm Sunday, 1688. Was
he the James Disbrowe who was created master of arts
at Cambridge, in 1672, by royal mandate ?
John Etwall, A.M. — A bachelor of arts of Trinity
college, Oxford, of 26th May, 1685 ; was admitted an
Extra-Licentiate of the College of Physicians 18 th May,
478 ROLL OF THE [1688
1688. As a member of St. Mary's hall, he proceeded
master of arts 5th July, 1688.
Peter Hull was admitted an Extra-Licentiate of
the College of Physicians 29th May, 1688.
Henry Bourne was admitted an Extra-Licentiate
of the College 29th May, 1688.
Edward Hewes, M.B. — He appears in the annals
as a bachelor of medicine of Cambridge, was examined
4th May, 18th May, and 1st June, 1688, and approved
on each occasion. He was, apparently, admitted a Li-
centiate of the College in June, 1688, but the fact is
not recorded in the Annals.
John Dufray, M.D., was a native of Tours, and a
doctor of medicine of Montpelier, of 1668. He was a
French protestant refugee, who, as the Annals say,
" lost all he had by the persecution in France." He
applied to the College on tlie 5th June, 1688, praying
" to be examined and admitted, and to have his sub-
scription money forgiven, which was readily agreed on,
in favour to such a distressed protestant." He was
admitted a Licentiate of the College, 1st October, 1688 :
*' Viro eruditissimo Doctor! Dufray e Gallic ob Pefor-
matse Religionis professionem fugienti, post tres exami-
nationes approbate et hodie in ordinem Licentiatorum
admisso, solutiones CoUegio debitse charitatis ergo, ne-
mine contradicente, remittuntur."
Caleb Coatesworth, M.D., formerly a surgeon, but
then disfranchised of his company, was, on the 1st Oc-
tober, 1688, admitted a Licentiate of the College of
Physicians. He was created doctor of medicine by Til-
lotson, archbishop of Canterbury, 3rd March, 1692, and
was admitted a fellow of the Poyal Society in 1718.
He was physician to St. Thomas's hospital, and died
2nd May, 1741, having amassed between one and two
1689] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 479
hundred thousand pounds, 'the greater part of which
he left to his wife, who, surviving him only a few hours,
died intestate.
Sebastian Gombault le Fevre, M.D., a native of
Orleans, and a doctor of medicine, but of what univer-
sity is not stated, was examined by the Censors 6th
July, 3rd August, and 14th SeptemlDer, 1688, approved
on each occasion, and I beUeve admitted a Licentiate
of the College in 1688, probably on the 1st October.
His admission is not recorded in the Annals, but he
siofns the statutes as a Licentiate.
John Tivell was admitted an Extra- Licentiate of
the College in 1686. Two years after, viz., on the 21st
December, 1688, having brought an instrument proving
his disfranchisement from the Apothecaries' company,
he was subjected to the usual examinations by the Cen-
sors' board, and admitted a Licentiate.
Robert Pierce, M.D.- — A commoner of Lincoln col-
lege, Oxford, was actually created doctor of medicine at
Oxford 12th September, 1661. He was constituted a
Fellow of the College of Physicians by the charter of
king James II, and was admitted as such 19th March,
1688-9. He practised with distinguished reputation
at Bath ; and, having reached nearly 100 years of age,
died there in June, 1710. He was the author of
The History and Memoirs of the Bath from 1653 to this present
year 1697. Bristol. Printed for H. Hammond, bookseller at Bath.
12mo. 1697.
Francis Upton, A.M., of Pembroke college, Oxford,
A.B. 3rd December, 1678, A.M. 4th July, 1681 ; wa.s
admitted a Licentiate of the CoUege of Physicians 25th
March, 1689. He died 3rd September, 1711.
David Grier was admitted a Licentiate of the Col-
lege 25th March, 1689.
480 ROLL OF THE [1G89
Thomas Botterell was a Licentiate of the College,
but I have not been able to find a note of his admission.
In the College lists he stands immediately above Dr.
Maucleer, where I have therefore placed him. He
was probably the Thomas Botterell who was admitted
an Extra-Licentiate 22nd January, 1675-6. It is at
least certain that the Extra- Licentiate was practising
in London November 4th, 1681, under which date there
is the following entry in the Annals : — " Bedellus
jyj^trum. ]^otterel citare jussus est coram Prseside et Cen-
soribus Comitiis eorum proxime insequentibus ut com-
pareat ibidem responsurus quare intra civitatem medi-
cinam exerceat cum tantum extra ei permissum fuerat."
Joseph Maucleer, M.D., was a French protestant
refugee, and a doctor of medicine of Montpelier, of
1681. He was proposed for examination and admis-
sion without fees, by Dr. Charleton, 1st March, 1688-9 ;
and, having passed the usual examinations, was ad-
mitted a Licentiate of the College, in forma pauperis,
8th June, 1689, under which date there is the following
entry: " Dr. Mauclare was presented to the College by
Mr. President (Dr. Charleton) and Dr. Colladon, as of
their knowledge a protestant fled from France for his
religion. He brought his diploma from Montpeher,
but some of the College moved that hereafter, at least,
if any name himself a protestant who comes to be ad-
mitted into the College, he should bring certificates of
his being such. However, upon the testimony of Mr.
President and Dr. Colladon, Dr. Mauclare was accepted
to be admitted in foimid p)auperis, and was balloted
for, there being two negatives, the rest afiirmative. He
was this day admitted Permissus intra Urbem, and
promised to pay future fees, if able.''
William Smith, of Portsmouth, was admitted an
Extra-Licentiate of the College of Physicians 11th
October, 1689. He held for many years a distinguished
position in Portsmouth ; was an alderman of the town ;
1G90] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS, 481
and dying 4tli February, 1733, left his dwelling-house
for a grammar-school, and 100^. per annum to endow it.
Thomas Curtis, of Ashford, Kent, was admitted an
Extra-Licentiate of the College of Physicians 11th
October, 1689. He practised for a time at Tenterden,
but subsequently removed to Sevenoaks, and was re-
siding there when he published his
Essays on the Preservation and Recovery of Health. Svo. Lond.
1704.
John Charles, M.D., was a native of Montpelier,
and a protestant who had fled his country on account
of his religion. He was entered on the physic line at
Leyden 30th June, 1670, being then thirty years of
age, and he graduated a doctor of medicine at E,heims
30th December, 1671. He was admitted in formd
pauperis a Licentiate of the College in 1689. I do not
find the record of his admission, but he signed the
statutes, and is in the list of Licentiates in 1693.
John Powell, of Cowbridge, Glamorganshire, for-
merly of Jesus coUege, Oxford ; was admitted an Extra-
Licentiate of the College of Physicians 8th September,
1690.
John Hutton, M.D., was a doctor of medicine of
Padua, and first physician to king William III. As
such he was admitted a Fellow of the College of Phy-
sicians 30th September, 1690, under wdiich date his
liberality and good wishes towards the College are thus
recorded : " Eodem die, iisdemque Comitiis Majoribus,
insignissimus vir. Dr. Johannes Hutton, medicus E-egis
Gulielmi primarius, in Sociorum numerum ad missus
est, locusque illi conceditur qui de jure ad ilium perti-
nuit. Is vero, ne tam insignem honoris tesseram in-
grato animo accipere videretur, summum auri satis
honorificum dono dedit CoUegio : promisitque insuper
(si ex voto succederent omnia quod futurum minime
VOL. I. 2 I
482 ROLL OF THE [1G90
desperabat) se grandioris pretii muniis in posterum
largiturum." Dr. Hutton was incorporated doctor of
medicine at Oxford 9th November, 1695. He was ad-
mitted a fellow of the Eoyal Society 30th November,
1697. He accompanied William III to Ireland, and
was with him at the siege of Limerick, and at the battle
of the Boyne.
Egbert Ganton, of Kingston-upon-HuU, was ad-
mitted an Extra-Licentiate of the College of Physicians
4th October, 1690. He practised with reputation and
success at Hull, but was prematurely cut off, and dying
on the 19th March, 1697, aged thirty-eight, was buried
by his own directions " in the Quire yard of St. Trinities
in that town,'' where he was commemorated on a grave
stone as follows : —
Robertas Ganton
hie conditur.
Vir magnae probitatis et industrise ;
multarum scientiarum peritus,
et rei medicEe peritissimus.
Obiit 19 Martii 1697.
Anno setatis su£e 38.
His wife Susannah, daughter of Eobert Fairburn, of
Heddon, alderman and merchant adventurer of HuU,
had preceded him to the grave. She died 22nd Febru-
ary, 1696, in the forty-second year of her age. By her
he left a son William. From his will made on the 17th
March, 1697-8, two days before his death, and proved
a month later, 19th April, 1698, he seems to have mar-
ried again. By it he leaves to his wife 400Z., and to
his son William, the house in the High-street, in which
he lived, and the residue of his estate, appointing him
executor, and committing him to the guardianship of
his loving friend, Mr. Nathaniel Lambe, preacher of
God's word. He adds " I give to the poor of this town
to set them on work (if an act of Parliament be made
to that purpose, within two years next after my decease),
the sum of thirty pounds."'"
* Information from Jolin Sykes, Esq., M.D., of Doncaster.
1691] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 483
James Wellwood, M.D.— A doctor of medicine, but
of what university is not recorded ; and physician in
ordinary to the king and queen (William and Mary) ;
was admitted a Fellow of the College of Physicians 22nd
December, 1690. His admission is thus recorded :
"Dr. Jacobus Wellwood, Eegis et Eeginse communis
medicus, petiit se ex more admitti in numerum Sociorum
CoUegii Medicorum Lond. Quo tempore Prseses (Dr.
Charleton) infit orationem, in qua singulare hominis in-
genium, eruditionem, et supra omnia acre animi judicium
de rebus arduis, ac cognitu difEcihbus, miris laudibus
prsedicabat. Qua peractc\, lectisque pubKce Uteris ali-
quot fidem facientibus loci quern apud Regem tenuerat,
ab omnibus lubentissime acceptus est." Dr. Wellwood
was Censor in 1722 ; and was named Elect 23rd Octo-
ber, 1722, in place of Sir Richard Blackmore, who had
retired into the country. Dr. Wellwood died at his
house in York -buildings, near the Strand, 2nd April,
1727, and was buried in No. 2 vault of St. Martin's-in-
the-Fields. He is the author of the well known and
valuable
" Memoirs of the most Material Transactions in England for tlie
last hundred years preceding the Revolution in 1688."
Richard Sowray, A.B., was the son of Richard
Sowray, of the city of York, by his wife Mercia Morton.
He was born in the parish of St. Martin's, Coney-street,
and baptized there 3rd July, 1664. Educated at St.
John's college, Cambridge, he proceeded bachelor of
arts in 1685, and was admitted an Extra-Licentiate of
the College of Physicians 16th January, 1690-1. He
settled in his native city, and dying in February, 1708,
was buried in the church of St. Mary, Castlegate, in the
north aisle of which there is a mural tablet, with the
following inscription : —
Near this place lieth interred the body of
Richard Sowray of this parish Bachelor of Physick
who departed this life on ye 27 February 1708
in the 45th year of his age.
2 I 2
484 ROLL OF THE [1691
He was Wice married, and Abegail, his second wife, daughter of
Thomas Dickinson, of Kireby hall, in the county of York, esquire,
in memory of her dear and loving husband, hath erected this
monument.*
Peter Gelsthorp, M.D., was born in London, and
was the son ol Peter Gelsthorp, a respectable apothe-
cary in the city. He appears in the " Graduati Can-
tabrigiensis " as a bachelor of medicine of Gains college,
of 1684 ; but in our Annals is said to have been a
doctor of medicine of Utrecht of the 3rd March, 1687
(D.M.I, de Variolis, 4to.), incorporated at Cambridge
6th June, 1688. He was admitted a Candidate of the
College of Physicians 1st October, 1688, and a Fellow
the 6th April, 1691. Dr. Gelsthorp was for some time
" physician to the sick and wounded men put on shore
from their Majesties' service at the port of Deale,"t an
office he had recently resig-ned in the spring of 1692.
Dr. Gelsthorp married Elizabeth, the daughter of Sir
John King, knt., and dying at his house in Hatton
Garden in June, 1719, was on the 18th of that month
buried at St. Andrew's, Holborn.
Samuel Spencer was admitted a Licentiate of the
College of Physicians 6th AjDril, 1691.
George Woodward. — A bachelor of arts (probably
of Exeter college, Oxford, of the 16th October, 1683),
practising at Plympton, in Devonshire, was admitted a
Licentiate of the College 27th April, 1691.
Laurence Oliphant was born in Scotland, and on
the 3rd December, 1687, being then twenty-eight years
of age, was entered on the physic line at Leyden. He
was admitted an Extra-Licentiate of the College 29th
May, 1691.
* The parish register records his burial on the 19th February, so
that the stone-cutter probably put 27 for 17.
t Annals, vi, 21st March, 1691-2.
1692] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 485
Philip Rose was admitted a Licentiate of the Col-
lege 25th June, 1691. He was living in April, 1728,
when it was thought fit and ordered that Dr. Kose be
forgiven twelve pounds he owed to the College.
John" Warder was admitted an Extra-Licentiate of
the College of Physicians 29th December, 1691.
George Dew was admitted an Extra-Licentiate 8th
January, 1691-2. He practised in Berkshire.
Daniel Waldo, of Norwich, was admitted an Extra-
Licentiate of the College 26th January, 1691-2. He
was the son of John Waldo. He practised as a physi-
cian at Bombay, and died at the Cape of Good Hope,
on his voyage home, about March, 1712-3.'"
Milne, M.D., but of what university is not
stated, was admitted an Extra-Licentiate of the College
of Physicians 9th February, 169 l-2.t One James Milne
was created doctor of medicine at Cambridge (Comitiis
Eegiis), 1690.
James North. — Admitted an Extra-Licentiate of the
College of Physicians 6th September, 1692.
John Allen, M.D. — A doctor of medicine, but of
what university I have not been able to discover, was
admitted an Extra-Licentiate of the College of Physi-
cians 13th September, 1692. He practised with much
reputation at Bridgewater, co. Somerset, and died there
16th September, 1741. The doctor was an ingenious
man, and in 1730 had letters patent granted him for
three inventions, viz., the navigating a ship in a calm ;
the improvement of an engine to raise water by fire ;
* Notices of the Family of Waldo, p. 37.
t Although I find no mention of him in the Annals, he is stated
iu the Treasurer's books to have paid on the above date the fees for
an Extra- Licentiate.
486 ROLL OF THE [1692
and a new method of drying malt. In " Brice's Weekly
Journal" (an Exeter paper), of February 3, 1726-7, we
read that " Dr. Allen, a noted physician of Bridge water,
has invented and perfected a chariot which goes on steel
springs, and is drawn by two horses, having a door be-
hind, will hold four persons beside the coachman, nor is
Hable to be overturned, but will travel with a pair of
horses sixty miles a day, with as much ease as a com-
mon chariot with six can twenty, carrying the same
number of people." Dr. Allen was the author of —
Synopsis Universe MedicinEe Practic86, sive Doctissimorum Viro-
rum de Morbis eorumque Causis ac Remediis Judicia. 8vo. Lond.
1719,
a work of considerable utility, and much esteemed about
the middle of the last century, which was reprinted at
Venice in 1762, and a translation of which "Abrege de
toute la Medicine Pratique " appeared at Paris in three
volumes, duodecimo, in 1728. The fifth edition ap-
peared at Amsterdam in 1730. He also pubhshed
Specimina Icnograpliica ;
being essays on his patented inventions. A copy of this
he had the honour of presenting to the king in May,
1730. His engraved portrait by G. Yander Gucht is
extant, but is rarely to be met with.
William Musgrave, M.D., was the third son of
Richard Musgrave, of Nettlecombe, in the county of
Somerset, esquire, and was born 4th November, 1655.
He was educated at Winchester, whence he proceeded
to New college, Oxford. He passed one session at
Leyden, and was entered on the physic line there 28th
March, 1680. PeturDing to Oxford he was admitted
bachelor of civil law 14th June, 1682. He removed to
London before he had taken a degree in medicine, and
distinguishing himself greatly by his knowledge of
natural philosophy and physic, was elected a fellow of
the Poyal Society. He was appointed secretary to
that Society in 1684, and in this capacity edited the
1692] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 487
" Philosophical Transactions" from No. 167 to 178 in-
clusive. On his retirement from office in December,
1684, he was presented by the society with a hand-
some service of plate. He retiu-ned to Oxford, and on
the 8th December, 1685, was admitted bachelor of me-
dicine by decree of Convocation. He practised his
faculty for a time at Oxford, and proceeded doctor of
medicine 6th July, 1689.
Dr. Musgrave was admitted a Candidate of the Col-
lege of Physicians 22nd December, 1690, and a Fellow
30th September, 1692. In 1691 he settled at Exeter,
where he practised for thirty years with great success
and reputation. His house was in St. Lawrence parish,
at the head of Trinity -lane, now called Musg^rave -alley
after him, for in it he restored and enlarged the chapel
of the Holy Trinity, which, had fallen into a state of
dilapidation. Dying on the 23rd December, 1721, he
chose a grave in the cliiurchyard of St. Leonard's (out
of the city), " because he was of opinion that the burial
of the dead in cities was unwholesome for the living,"
an example worthy of imitation. Such is the memo-
randum in the register of that parish. Doubtless for
the same reason his wife Philippa, daughter of William
Speke of Jordans near White Lackington, who died fuU
six years before him, had been buried there. Their
altar tomb at St. Leonard s bore the following inscrip-
tion : —
Depositum
Willielmi Musgrave Med: Doct:
Richardi Musgi'ave de Nettlecombe
in comitatu Somerset: filii natu tertii
nuper e Novo Collegio Oxon:
e Regia Societate ; Coll: Regali
Medicorum Londinensi :
Practici Exoniensis non infelicis
Natus est 4*^ Nov^ a.d. 1655. Obiit 23 Dec^ 1721
Hie jacet etiam uxor ejus
Philippa, WilHelmi Speke de
Jordan prope White Lackington filia :
Qu^ obiit Nov 14 1715, aetatis suae 55.*
* The altar tomb erected to Dr. Musgrave's memory in St.
488 ROLL OF THE . [1692
When Dr. Stukoley visited Exeter, 19th August,
1723, he saw hi the garden of his friend Dr. William
Musgrave (son of the subject of this sketch) what I
myself saAV in 1853, in the same place and in excellent
preservation, the colossal head of the empress Julia
Domna (consort to Lucius Septimus Severus, who died
at York a.d. 211), dug up at Bath, M'hich our physician
had called Andromache. " It is the noblest relique of
British antiquity of this sort that we know ; it is 21
inches from the top of the attune to the chin, and be-
louged to a statue of 12 feet proportion." In the same
place is the inscription of Camilius — a tribute of grati-
tude to the memory of a benefactress, and still perfectly
distinct.
In 1703 Dr. Musgrave published a treatise " de
Arthritide Symptomatica," 8vo., printed at Exeter by
Farley; and in 1708, " de Arthritide Anomala," from
the press of Farley and Bliss. His work on the epitaph
of Julius Vi talis, an inscription discovered at Bath in
1709, entitled " Julii Vitalis Epitaphium cum Com-
mentario," was published at Exeter in 1711, and was
highly commended by Walter Moyle. He next printed
" de Legiouibus Epistola," addressed to Sir Hans
Sloane, Bart. ; and in 1713, " de Aquilis Bomanis
Leonard's churchyard, now dismantled and its panels let into the
vestry walls, was a fine specimen of allegoric sculpture. " The
four sides," wi'ote the late Dr. Oliver, " were enriched with marble
sculpture, emblematical of Dr. Musgrave's antiquarian researches.
In the first panel was a reclining female figure, near her another
erect pointing to Mercury with his Caduceus : behind Mercury ap-
peared a venerable sage. In the second panel, a man extended on
the ground held up a mask, above an angel on the wing exhibited
' the ring.' In front a pyramid, at whose base was attached a plume
of feathers ; on the opposite coi'uer a dragon was seen issuing from
its den. In the third, Time with his feet chained, was seen holding
a chart of Belgium, and looking back on fragments of medallions
and inscriptions ; one of the latter is of Julius Vitalis, a Belgian
and stipendiary of the XXth legion. And lastly, in the fourth
compartment, a female seated points to a scroll held up by a man
preparing to use the implements of writing. On a table stands the
figure of Mars armed with a spear."
16.^2] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 489
Epistola," addressed to Gilbert Cuper, consul at Deven-
ter, who had affirmed that the Roman eagles were of
massy gold or silver, while our author maintained that
they were only plated over. Moyle confirms this last
opinion by several arguments. In 1715 Dr. Musgrave
published
Geta Britannicus : accedit Domus Severianee Synopsis Chronolo-
gica : et de Icuncula quondam M. Regis -^Ifridi dissertatio :
being observations on a fragment of an equestrian stone
statue found near Bath, which the doctor believed to
have been set up in honour of Geta, after his arrival in
Britain, together with a chronological synopsis of the
family of Severus ; and a dissertation upon a piece of
Saxon antiquity found at Athelney in Somersetshire,
being the amulet of king Alfred tlie Great,
Dr. Musgrave's great work, however, was the
Antiquitates Belgicas, pr^cipue Romanae, figuris illustratse :
in four volumes, 8vo., printed at Exeter in 1711, 1716,
1719, 1720; being an account of that part of South
Britain formerly inhabited by the BelgsB, comprehend-
ing Hants, Wilts, and Somersetshire. For this work,
king George I graciously presented the author with a
diamond ring, " annulum aureum adamante ornatum,"
which the JHeralds' college allowed him to adopt for
the family crest, by their grant bearing date 6th August,
1720. Dr. Musgrave contributed some papers to the
" Philosophical Transactions." He also left behind him
in MS. a treatise —
De Arthritide Primigenia et Regulari,
which was published many years afterwards (1776) by
his relative, Dr. Samuel Musgrave.
By his wife Philippa Speke, Dr. Musgrave left an
only son, William, educated at King's college, Cam-
bridge, as a member of which he proceeded M. B. in
1718. He settled as a physician in Exeter, but did
not long survive, and dying in November, 1724, was
490 ROLL OF THE [1692
buried on the 24th of that month in his father's vault
at St. Leonard's.
For many of the particulars in this sketch I am in-
debted to the kindness of my learned friend the late
Very Hev. George OHver, D.D. of Exeter.
Humphrey Ridley, M.D., was the son of Thomas
Ridley, of Mansfield, co. Nottingham; and in 1671,
being then eighteen years of age, was admitted a stu-
dent of Merton college, Oxford. " He left the univer-
sity," says Wood, " without taking a degree, and went
to Cambridge, where (as I have heard) he was docto-
rated in physic." He really graduated doctor of medi-
cine at Leyden. He was admitted on the physic Hne
there, 4th September, 1679, and immediately afterwards
was admitted to his degree (D.M.I, de Lue Venerea),
and was incorporated at Cambridge in 1688. He was
admitted a Candidate of the College of Physicians
30th September, 1691 ; and a Fellow, 30th Septem-
ber, 1692. He was Gulstonian lecturer in 1694, and
performed the duties of his office "to the honour of
the College, to the establishment of his own reputa-
tion, and the general satisfaction of the learned audi-
tory." He died in April, 1708, and was buried at St.
Andrew's, Holborn, on the 9th of that month. Dr.
Ridley was the author of —
The Anatomy of the Brain, containing its Mechanism and Phy-
siology ; together with some new Discoveries and Corrections of
Ancient and Modern Authors upon that subject. 8vo. Lond. 1695.
Observationes Medico-Practicee et Physiologicae de Asthmate et
Hydrophobia. 8vo. Lond. 1703.
William Gibbons, M.D., was born at Wolverhamp-
ton, and was the son of John Gibbons, esq., who died
in 1693, and is buried in the church of St. Mary, War-
wick, by his wife, Ehzabeth, daughter of Roland Frith,
of Thorns, gent. He was educated at Merchant Taylors'
school, and at St. John's college, Oxford, as a member
of which he proceeded A.B. 2nd May, 1672 ; A.M. 18th
March, 1675; M.B. 10th July, 1679; and M.D. 9th
1692] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 491
May, 1683. He was admitted a Candidate of the Col-
lege of Physicians 30th September, 1691 ; and a Fellow
30th September, 1692. He was Censor in 1716, and
was one of the few Fellows of the College who opposed
the establishment of the Dispensary, and was in conse-
quence severely handled by Garth, under the sobriquet
of Mirmillo. The passage, though long, may be here
inserted, as it aflbrds some insight into Dr. Gibbons'
history : —
'Tis with concern, my friends, I meet yon here ;
No grievance you can know, but I must share.
'Tis plain my interest you've advanced so long ;
Each fee, tho' 1 were mute, would find a tongue.
And in return, tho' I have strove to rend,
Those statutes, which on oath I should defend.
Such arts are trifles to a generous mind, —
Great services as great returns should find.
And you'll perceive this hand, when glory calls.
Can brandish arms as well as urinals.
Oxford and all her passing bells can tell
By this right arm what mighty numbers fell ;
While others meanly ask'd whole months to slay,
I oft dispatch'd the patient in a day.
With pen in hand, I pushed to that degree,
I scarce had left a wretch to give a fee :
Some fell by laudanum, and some by steel.
And death in ambush lay in every pill ;
For, save or slay, this privilege we claim, —
Tho' credit suffers, the reward's the same.
And tho' the art of healing we pretend.
He that designs it least, is most a friend :
Into the right we err, and must confess
To oversight we often owe success.
Poetic licence has here been urged to its extremest
limits ; and it is but fair to Dr. Gibbons' memory to
adduce the sober, and doubtless more correct, estimate
of his character, as drawn in the Harveian Oration of
1729 : "Ecquis enim majori eruditionis aut honestatis
cujuslibet laude, societatem banc unquam exornavit,
quam Gulielmus Gibbons ? Prsesignis ille senex ; in
artis professione candidus et apertus ; in studiis inde-
fessus ; literarum et literatorum et suorum Oxonien-
sium amantissimus ; in praxi pietatis et medicinse simul
492 ROLL OF THE [1692
exercitatlssimus ; erga pauperes maxime beneficus, in
toto vitse cursu vere Christianus ; moribus antiquis,
hoc est optiinis, et quo vix superiorem, inter eos quibus-
cum inclaruit, repertum iri confido, paucissimos certe
pares." — P. 13.
Dr. Gibbons is said to have been the first to recom-
mend the mineral water of Hampstead, once in consider-
able request, and we are told by Mr. Wadd, " Mems.
Maxims, and Memoirs," p. 148 — but I do not know on
what authority — that he was the person who first in-
troduced mahogany. "The doctor's brother, a West
India captain, brought over some of this wood as bal-
last, when the doctor was building a house, thinking it
might be of use, but the carpenters found it too hard
for their tools. Soon after, Mrs. Gibbons wanting a
candle- box, the doctor called on a cabinet-maker, and
ordered it to. be made of the mahogany, for which strong
tools were expressly made. The candle-box was finished
and approved ; a bureau was then made, of which the
colour and pohsh were so pleasing, that he invited his
friends to come and see it. Among these was the
ducliess of Buckingham, who ordered a similar piece of
furniture, and the wood shortly after came into general
use." This, however, does not bring us nearer the origin
of the name, which Johnson confessed his inability to
discover, notwithstanding that the wood, as he admits,
was then but of recent introduction. Dr. Gibbons died
25th March, 1728. To his native town he was a hberal
benefactor. On a tablet in the front of the organ-loft
of Wolverhampton church is the following inscription : —
Memorandiiin.
That eminent physician
D''. William Gibbons,
late of London, a native of this town,
among other generous benefactions,
by his last will left to the Charity School
(which he amply contributed to in his lifetime)
the sum of five hundred pounds,
Anno Domini 1728.
His portrait, in his doctor's robes, is in St. John's col-
1692] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 493
lege, Oxford. It was presented by his widow, Elizabeth
Gibbons, in 1729. To St. John's college he left one
thousand pounds.
John Nicholson, M.D., was educated at St. John's
college, Cambridge, and graduated bachelor of medicine
in 1683. He was admitted a Licentiate of the College
of Physicians 22nd December, 1687 ; and, proceeding
doctor of medicine at Cambridge in 1692, was admitted
a Candidate 30th September, 1692.
Thomas Rolfe, M.D.— On the 28th April, 1691,
being then twenty-seven years of age, he was inscribed
on the physic line at Leyden, where he soon afterwards
graduated doctor of medicine. He was admitted a
Licentiate of the College of Physicians 30th September,
1692.
William Oliver, M.D. — Of the education, general
or medical, of this physician, I can recover few particu-
lars. He was descended from the old and very respec-
table family of his name, settled at Trevarnoe, co. Corn-
wall. He was entered on the physic line at Leyden,
17th December, 1683, aged twenty-four years. The
first occasion on which we meet with him in a profes-
sional capacity is as one of the surgeons to the duke of
Monmouth's invasion of England in 1685. He was
present at the fight of Sedgemoor, but, more fortunate
than his colleague, Benjamin Temple (p. 393), escaped
from the field with the duke, lord Grey, and a few others,
whom he accompanied for about twenty miles in their
flight. He then concealed himself among his friends,
and planned his escape to the continent. After the
Bloody Assize, he travelled in disguise to London, in
company with no less a personage than judge Jeftrey's
clerk, to whom he had been recommended by a tory
gentleman who had afforded him shelter. On reaching
London, he made a rapid escape to the continent, and
retired to Holland, whence he returned to England as
an officer in William Hi's army in 1688. Being then a
494 ROLL OF THE [l692
master of arts, but of what university is not stated, lie
was, on the 30th September, 1692, admitted a Licen-
tiate of the College of Physicians. He was physician
to the Red Squadron, having, along with Dr. Alvey,
been recommended for that appointment by the Col-
lege 27th April, 1693. In 1702, he settled as a phy-
sician at Bath, and on the 5th January, 1703-4, was
admitted a fellow of the Royal Society. He remained
at Bath until 1709, when he was appointed physician
to the hospital at Chatham, and in 1714 to the royal
hospital at Greenwich. He died 4th April, 1716. The
cliief events of his life are recorded in the following in-
scription on his monument in the abbey church at
Bath :—
In memory of
William Oliver, M.D., F.R.S.
He was descended from tlie family of Trevarnoc,
in the co. of Cornwall.
While he was prosecuting the study of physick in foreign universities,
the miseries of his country called aloud for deliverance.
He was ambitious of contributing his mite to so great a work.
He came into England, an officer in king William's army, in 1688 ;
he was appointed Physician to the Fleet in 1693 ;
and continued in that station till the year 1702,
He was appointed Physician to the hospital
for sick and wounded seamen at Chatham, 1709 ;
and in the year of 1714
he had the pleasure to have his old fellow sailors committed to his
care,
he being then appointed Physician to the Royal Hospital at
Greenwich,
in which honourable appointment he died a bachelor, April 4th, 1716.
His love to this city, where he practised physic many years, appears
in his writings.
He was the author of
An Essay on Fevers. 12mo. Lond. 1704.
A Relation of a very extraordinary Sleeper at Tinsbury, near
Bath ; with a dissertation on the doctrine of Sensation, the Powers
of the Soul, and its several Operations. 12mo. Lond. 1707.
A Practical Dissertation on the Bath Waters. 8vo. Lond. 1707.
Oliver Horseman, M.D. — A native of Rutlandshire
and doctor of medicine of Leyden, of 19th September,
1692] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 495
1680 ; was admitted an Extra-Licentiate of the College
of Pliysicians 2nd September, 1682. He subsequently
settled in London ; and, having undergone the usual
examination before the Censors' board, was admitted a
Licentiate 30th September, 1692. Dr. Horseman re-
sided in Hatton-garden, and dying there 24th Novem-
ber, 1717, was buried at St. Andrew's, Holborn, on the
29th of that month.
The grant of arms to the College from the Heralds'
college had been lost, probably in the confusion conse-
quent on the Great Fire, and was recovered by purchase,
by Dr. Horseman, who presented it to the College 25th
June, 1695.
Ralph Hickes, A.M. — A native of Yorkshire, a
bachelor of arts of Oxford, and a master of arts of Cam-
bridge (Jesus college), of 1681 ; was admitted a Licen-
tiate 30th September, 1692.
William Gould, M.D., was born at Farnham in
Surrey; and in 1672, being then eighteen years of age,
was elected a scholar ; and in July, 1676, a fellow of
Wadham college, Oxford. He proceeded A.B. 18th
May, 1675 ; A.M. 29th January, 1677 ; M.B. 24th May,
1682 ; and M.D. 2nd July, 1687 ; was admitted a Can-
didate of the College of Physicians 30th September,
1691 ; and a Fellow, 8th November, 1692. He was
Censor in 1708 and 1712, and dying at Hatton-garden,
in January, 1713—4, was buried at St. Andrew's, Hol-
born, on the 27th of that month.
Dr. Gould was the Umbra of Garth's " Dispensary :"
Nor must we the obsequious Umbra spare,
Who, soft by nature, yet declared for war ;
But when some rival power invades a right.
Flies set on flies, and turtles turtles fight.
Else, courteous Umbra to the last had been
Demurely meek, insipidly serene.
With him the present still some virtues have,
The vain are sprightly, and the stupid grave ;
The slothful negligent, the foppish neat,
The lewd are airy, and the sly discreet ;
49 G ROLL OF THE [1692
A wren an eagle, a baboon a beau, —
Colt a Lycurgus, and a Pliociau, Rowe.
Thomas Davison, A.M., was the eldest son of the
Rev, Thomas Davison, A.M., fellow of St. John's college,
Cambridge, and vicar of Norton in the county of Dur-
ham. Our physician was educated at St. John's col-
lege, Cambridge, of which house he too was a fellow,
and proceeded A. B. 1684, A.M. 1688. He was admitted
an Extra-Licentiate of the College of Physicians 16th
December, 1692, and practised for many years with
credit and success in the city of Durham. Dying at
Old Elvet, 30th April, 1724, he was buried at St.
Oswald's, Durham, where he is commemorated by the
following inscription : —
Thomas Davison, medicus,
eximie in arte sua peritus,
nee minori fide maritus, pater, amicus optimus,
qui postquam infirma valetudine diu conflictatus esset,
placide obdormivit, Apr: 30, a.d. 1724,
set. suae 60.
Thomas Willcock, a native of Aberdeen, was ad-
mitted an Extra-Licentiate of the College 21st Decem-
ber, 1692.
John Hawys, M.D., was educated at Corpus Christi
college, Cambridge, of which house he was a fellow.
He proceeded A.B. 1677 ; A.M. 1681 ; M.D. 1688 ; was
admitted a Candidate of the College of Physicians 22nd
December, 1691 ; and a Fellow, 22nd December, 1692.
He was Censor in 1704, 1724, 1725, 1728, 1732; was
named an Elect 26th November, 1718 ; delivered the
Harveian oration in 1721 ; and was Consiliarius in
1732, 1733 and 1734. Dr. Hawys died 19th May, 1736.
Thomas Walker, M.D. — A native of York, was on
the 30th September, 1687, being then twenty-two
years of age, entered on the physic line at Leyden,
where he graduated doctor of medicine 8th April, 1688
(D.M.I. de Hydrope intercute seu Anasarca. 4to.). He
1693] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 497
was admitted a Licentiate of the College of Physicians
22nd December, 1692.
JoDOCUs Crull, M.D. — A native of Hamburgh, a
doctor of medicine of Leyden of 1679 {D.M.I, de Me-
dicamento Veterum universali), and a doctor of medi-
cine of Cambridge (by royal mandate) of 7th August,
1681, was admitted a Licentiate of the College of Phy-
sicians, 22nd December, 1692. He had been admitted
a fellow of the Royal Society 30th November, 1681.
We have from his pen- —
The Ancient and Present State of Muscovy, containing an Account
of all the Nations and Territories under the Jurisdiction of the
present Czar. 2 vols. 8vo. Lond. 1698.
A Continuation of Puffendorf's Introduction to the History of
Europe. 8vo. Lond. 1705.
Antiquities of the Abbey Church of Westminster. 8vo. Lond.
1711.
Thomas Ayres was admitted an Extra-Licentiate of
the College of Physicians 23rd December, 1692.
William Palmer, M.D., was the third son of AVil-
liam Palmer, esq., of Wanlip, in the county of Leices-
ter, by his first wife Elizabeth, daughter of William
Danvers, of Swithland. He was entered on the physic
line at Leyden 18th October, 1689, being then twenty-
four years of age, and graduated doctor of medicine
there 8th May, 1692 (D.M.I. de Atrophia). He was
admitted an Extra- Licentiate of the College of Phy-
sicians 2nd March, 1692-3.
Robert Conny, M.D., was born at Pochester, and
was the son of John Conny, a surgeon, and twice mayor
of that city. He was educated at Magdalen college,
Oxford, and as a member of that house proceeded A.B.
8th June, 1676 ; A.M. 3rd May, 1679 ; M.B. 2nd May,
1682 ; and M.D. 9th July, 1685. He was admitted a
Candidate of the College of Physicians 21st March,
1691—2 ; was immediately afterwards appointed, by the
VOL. I. 2 k
498 ROLL OF THE [1693
Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty, physician to
the sick and wounded put on shore at Deal ; and was
admitted a Fellow of the- College the day after Palm
Sunday, 1693. He contributed some papers to the
" Philosophical Transactions," and is said to have im-
proved the operation of lithotomy — " artem lithotomise
amplificavit et perfecit." Dying 25th May, 1713, aged
68, he was buried in Rochester cathedral, where there
was erected a monument to his memory, with the fol-
lowing inscription : —
Viri ornatissimi Roberti Conny, apud Oxonienses suos Doctoris
in Medicina gradu honestati, apud Londinenses CoUegii Regalis
Medicovtim sodalitio adscript]', Jolaannis Conny, Cliirurgi, hujus
civitatis bis Majoris, filii imici, Roberti Conny de Godmanchester in
agTO Huntingtoniensi gen: nepotis, bine infra depositee sunt exuvias
— quern vivum omnes amabant, fovebant, amplexabuntur — vita de-
functum nunc merito lugent : Etenim is erat qui candore, urbani-
tate, benevolentia, hospitio, morum facilitate, omnes sibi devinxerat:
omnibus dum "saxit charus, commodus, jucundus, omnibus sui de-
siderium moriens reliquit. Artis Medicse non inauspicato operam
navavit, quam per XL annos feliciter exercuit, aliis quana sibi uti-
lius, omnes enim demereri maluit quana merendi mercedem referre.
Uxorem duxit Franciscam, Ricbardi Mauley de Holloway Court,
Arm: filiam,
■>„ oc > die Man A.D. mdccxiii. ^t. < ^o
llle vero 25 J \Qg.
The doctor's portrait is on the staircase of the Bod-
leian library, Oxford, and there is another in the presi-
dent's lodgings, Magdalen college.
Sm Samuel Garth, M.D. — The life of this estimable
man has been so often written, and is of such easy access,
that I shall limit myself almost entirely to a mention of
those incidents in his career which refer to the College
of Physicians. Sir Samuel was the eldest son of Wil-
liam Garth of Bolam in the county of Durham ; and
w^as educated at Jngleton, whence, in 1676, being then
in the seventeenth year of his age, he was admitted to
Peterhouse, Cambridge, as a member of which he pro-
ceeded A.B. 1679 ; A.M. 1684. On the 4th September,
1687, he was entered on the physic line at Leyden. He
1693] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 499
proceeded M.D. at Cambridge 1691. Dr. Garth was
admitted a Candidate of the College of Physicians 25tli
June, 1692; and a Fellow 26th June, 1693. He de-
livered the Gulstonian lectures in 1694, " de Respira-
tione ;" which were so highly approved, that he was
called on by the President and Censors to publish them,
which he promised to do in Latin, but I believe did not.
He gave the Harveian oration in 1697 ; and was Censor
1702. On the accession of king George I he received
the honour of knighthood, was appointed physician in
ordinary to the king, and physician-general to the
army. Sir Samuel died, after a short iUness, 18th
January, 1718-9, and was buried at Harrow-on-the-
Hill. He and his wife Martha, daughter of Sir Henry
Beaufoy, of Emscote, Warwickshire, are buried in the
chancel under the communion table, with the following
rude inscription to mark the sjDot : —
In this Vault Lies the Body of ye
Lady Garth late wife of Sir Samuel
Garth Knt. who dyed ye 14th of May
in ye year 1717
Sir Samuel Garth
Obiit Jan^ the 18th 1718.
They left an only daughter, who married Colonel
William Boyle, a younger son of the honourable Colonel
Henry Boyle.
The College of Physicians at the time of Garth's ad-
mission to its fellowship, was engaged in the charitable
design of prescribing for the sick poor gratis, and of
furnishing them with medicines at prime cost. The
charity was begun by an unanimous vote of the College
on the 27th July, 1687,'''' directing aU the members of
* 1687. Julii 27. A Collegio RegaU Medicorum Londinensium,
conspirantibus in id omnium sulfragiis edictum hodie et decretum
est, ut quoties Pauper ahquis in parochia aliqua intra Londinum
et septem circa milliaria, hora quavis commoda sese sisterit coram
quovis nostrum socio scilicet socio honorario, candidato aut licentiato
ilK in proximum habitanti, petens medicum consilium, id ab eo
prompte satis referat idque precariae.
500 ROLL OF THE [1693
the corporation to give when desired, their advice gra-
tuitously to all the neighbouring sick poor within the
city of London or seven miles around. And with the
view of rendering this vote more effectual, it was de-
termined on the 13th August, 1688, that the laboratory
of the new college in Warwick -lane should be fitted
for preparing the medicines, and the room adjoining
for a repository. But this measure gave offence to
many apothecaries, who found means to raise a party
in the College against it. On the day after Palm Sun-
day, 1694, the College in full Comitia passed a resolu-
tion enjoining strict obedience from all its members to
the order of 1688. Despite of this, a heavy and inte-
rested opposition still clogged the progress of the
charity, and at the Comitia Majora Ordinaria of the
22nd December, 1696, a proposition was made and
adopted for establishing the dispensary by voluntary
subscriptions from the Fellows, Candidates and Licen-
tiates of the College, no less than fifty- three of whom
joined by their subscriptions and a public document in
this benevolent scheme. Garth, who from his admis-
sion into the College had warmly approved of the new
charity, detesting the action of the apothecaries and of
some of his own brethren in this affair, resolved to ex-
pose them in his admirable satire " The Dispensary,"
a poem full of spirit and vivacity, and on which his re-
putation in the present day chiefly rests. The sketches
of some of his contemporary physicians are severe and
biting — they are interesting to us at the present time
as giving us an insight we could not otherwise obtain
into their history and manners, and though doubtless
exaggerated by the licence conceded to poetry, must
have been true to nature, or the work would not have
obtained such an immediate and extensive popularity.
As regards mere personal matter, much of the original
interest of the satire is now lost and need not be re-
gretted, *' but the soft Ovidian verse — the elegant
imagery with which the author has adorned a subject
by no means promising, and the fresh, buoyant spirit
1693] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 501
which pervades the whole — establish ' The Dispensary '
as a classic." The first edition came out in 1699, and
went through three editions in the course of a very few
months. In 1706 he brouo-ht out the sixth edition
much improved, with several descriptions and episodes
never before printed. It has been said that " the
public gained and lost by every edition — gained what
the author added, and lost by whatever he expunged."
We hear of but little opposition to the dispensary after
the appearance of Garth's poem. The charity seems to
have continued its benevolent work down to 1724, when
the portion of the College which had been assigned to
it, was appropriated to other wants and purposes of the
institution.""
The year 1700 presents an incident in Garth's life
which did him everlasting honour. He it was who
stepped forward to provide a suitable interment for the
neglected corpse of Dryden, which he caused to be
brought to the College in Warwick-lane, where it lay
in state for ten days. He proposed and encouraged
by his own example a subscription for defraying the
expense of a funeral ; he pronounced an eulogium in
Latin over the great poet's remains ; and then attended
the body from the College to Westminster abbey, where
it'^was interred between the graves of Chaucer and of
Cowley, Permission to bring the poet's body to the
College was sought from the Censors' board 3rd May,
1700, and stands thus recorded in the Annals : " At
the request of several persons of quality that Mr. Dry-
den might be carried from the College of Physicians to
be interred at Westminster, it was unanimously granted
by the President and Censors." Garth was a member
of the Kitkat Club, which included all " the talents "
* 1725. June 25. A motion being made " that in consideration of
the expiration of the lease to the Dispensary at Christmas last, a
Committee be appointed to cojisider and determine what is proper
to be done with that part of the College commonly called the ante
library, and the musenm over it; and to give directions for the
altering and fitting them up in such manner that they may be an
addition and ornament to the College library." Annals.
502 KOLL OF THE [1693
of the Whig party. He contributed the verses in-
scribed on the drinking glasses of the club : and these
were printed in Dryden's Miscellanies.
Besides " The Dispensary," Sir Samuel Garth pub-
lished, in 1715, a short poem entitled " Claremont,"
and an edition of Ovid, translated into English. This
was in 1717, and was his last literary production; to it
he prefixed an excellent preface, in which he not only
gives a general idea of the whole work, and points out
its principal beauties, but shows the uses of the poem,
and how it may be read to most profit.
An excellent portrait of Garth, by Sir Godfrey Knel-
ler, is in the College. It was presented by Dr. Charles
Chauncey in 1763, and has been engraved.
Peter Sylvestre, M.D. — A French protestant re-
fugee from Orange, and a doctor of medicine, but of
what university is not stated ; was admitted a Licen-
tiate of the CoUege of Physicians 26th June, 1693.
Peter Alder, M.D., was admitted an Honoraiy Fel-
low of the College about this time, but I have not suc-
ceeded in finding a note of his admission. He is the
junior honorary feUow in the printed list of the CoUege
dated 6th October, 1693. ^
Charles Morton, M.D., a native of Devonshire,
then twenty-three years of age, was on the 15th Jan-
uary, 1683, admitted on the physic line at Leyden,
where he graduated doctor of medicine 27th April,
1693 (D.M.I, de Corde). He was admitted a Licen-
tiate of the College of Physicians 30th September,
1693, and died 3rd January, 1731.
George Fleming, M.D. — A Scotchman, and a doc-
tor of medicine, of Utrecht, of 22nd June, 1689 ; was
admitted a Licentiate of the College 30th September,
1693.
Barnham Soame, M.D., was educated at St. John's
1693] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICLVNS. 503
college, Cambridge, as a member of which he proceeded
A.B. 1681; A.M. 1G85; and on the 22nd December,
1687, was admitted a Licentiate of the College of Phy-
sicians. Having taken his degree of doctor of medicine
at Cambridge (7th July, 1692), he again underwent
the usual examinations before the Censors' board ; was
admitted a Candidate of the College 22nd December,
1692; and a Fellow 22nd December, 1693. He de-
livered the Gulstonian lectures in 1695.
Thomas Hoy, M.D., was the son of Clement Hoy,
and was born in London. Educated at Merchant Tay-
lors' school, he was, in June, 1675, elected a scholar,
and subsequently fellow of St. John's college, Oxford,
as a member of which he proceeded A.B. 12th May,
1680; A.M. 17th March, 1683; M.B. 27th April, 1686;
and M.D. 3rd July, 1689. He practised for a time at
Warwick ; was admitted a Candidate of the College of
Physicians 22nd December, 1693 ; and was made Ptegius
professor of physic at Oxford in 1698. He died, accord-
ing to Wood, in Jamaica, probably in 1718. He trans-
lated several Greek and Latin works into English, and
was the author of
Agathocles, the Sicilian Usurper. A Poem. Lond. 1683.
Thomas Sutton, M.D., of Corpus Christi college,
Oxford; A.B. 2nd May, 1683; A.M. 28th February,
1686 ; M.B. 17th December, 1688 ; and M.D. 7th July,
1692 ; was admitted a Candidate of the College of Phy-
sicians 22nd December, 1693.
Stephen Hunt, M.D., was admitted an Extra-Licen-
tiate of the College 15th February, 1688. Some time
afterwards he underwent the necessary examinations at
the Censors' board, and was admitted a Licentiate of
the College of Physicians 22nd December, 1693. He
graduated doctor of medicine at Cambridge, as a mem-
ber of Caius college, 3rd July, 1694, and on the 2nd
February, 1694-5, presented himself for examination in
504 ROLL OF THE [lG94
order to his admission as a Candidate, but the Presi-
dent having been informed that he had taken priests'
orders, he was deferred to the next Censors' board. He
did not then appear, and he is not further mentioned.
Joseph Gaylard, M.D. — A native of Exeter, was
entered on the physic hne at Leyden, 23rd April, 1683,
being then twenty-six years of age. He graduated
doctor of medicine at Leyden, 20th June, 1688 ; was
incorporated at Cambridge 5th July, 1693 ; and was
admitted a Candidate of the College of Physicians 2nd
April, 1694. He was, I believe, one of the three sur-
geons to the duke of Monmouth, in the rebellion of
1685, on the failure of which he seems to have escaped
to the continent.
Hugh Chamberlen, M.D., was the eldest son of
Hugh Chamberlen, M.D. He was born in 1664, and
educated at Trinity college, Cambridge, of which house
he was a fellow commoner. He graduated A.M. per
Literas Regias 1683, and on the 30th October, 1684,
was settled at Leyden, and entered on the physic line.
He was created doctor of medicine at Cambridge (Co-
mitiis Regiis) 8th October, 1689. Dr. Chamberlen was
admitted a Candidate of the College of Physicians the
day after Palm Sunday, 1693 ; and a Fellow 2nd April,
1694. He was Censor in 1707, 1718, and 1721, but re-
signed that office, on account of ill health, 14th Febru-
ary, 1722. Dr. Chamberlen was the most celebrated
man-midwife of his day, and his name is inseparably
connected with the obstetric forceps, subsequently much
improved by Smellie and others. '''' He published a trans-
* To the Chamberlens, several of whom practised midwifery with
success arid reputation, we are indebted for the invention of the
obstetric forceps, "a noble instrument," says Chapman, which has
probably saved more lives than any mechanical invention ever made.
Its value in this respect is evidently alluded to by Bishop Atterbury
in the above inscription to the memory of Dr. Hugh Chamberlen.
To which of the family the invention is really due, it is perhaps
impossible now to determine. The fact that the instrument was
1694]
ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 505
lation of Mauriceau's Midwifery, a work once in great
request, and republished as late as 1755. He was
also the author of a small work entitled —
Queries relating to the Practice of Physick. 18mo. Lond. 1694.
In 1723 Dr. Chamberlen attended bishop Atterbury,
in the Tower, in the place of Dr. Friend, himself a pri-
long kept a secret by the inventor and his relatives, has thus far
rendered impenetrable the obscurity which veils its early history-.
Dr. Hugh Chamberlen, in the translator's address to the reader,
prefixed to his version of Mauriceau's treatise " On the Diseases of
Women with Child and in Childbed, as also the best means of helping
them in natural and unnatural Labours," says in reference to the
forceps which he nowhere names as such or describes, " My father,
brothers, and myself (though none else in Europe, as I know)
have by God's blessing and our industry, attained to and long
practised a way to deliver women in this case, without any preju-
dice to them or their infants ; tho' all others being obliged for want
of such an expedient to use the common way do and must endanger,
if not destroy one or both with hooks. By this manual operatiori
a labour may be dispatched (on the least difficulty) with fewer pains
and sooner to the great advantage and without danger, both of
woman and child." " I will now take leave," continues he, " to
offer an apology for not publishing the secret I mention we have
to extract children without hooks where other artists use them ;
viz. — there being my father and two brothers living that practise
this art, I cannot esteem it my own to dispose of it nor publish it
without injury to them and I think I have not been unserviceable to
my own country, althoughldo but inform them that the forementioned
three persons of our family and myself can serve them in these ex-
tremities with greater safety than others." The balance of evidence
as to the actual inventor of the forceps is, perhaps, on the whole, in
favour of Dr. Peter Chamberlen, a Fellow of the College, and very
eccentric man, before mentioned, p. 194, who died in 1682, possessed
of the estate of Woodham Mortimer hall, Essex, where a curious col-
lection of midwifery instruments, and among these the forceps, was
accidentally discovered about the year 1815. They were found under
a trap-door in the floor of the uppermost of a series of closets, built
over the entrance porch. In the space between the flooring of this
closet and the ceiling below, was found, among a number of empty
boxes, a cabinet containing old coins, trinkets, letters, and some
obstetric instruments. These instruments were given to Mr. Car-
wardine by the lady of the mansion, and presented by that gentle-
man to the Medico- Chirurgical Society, where they are now pre-
served. The letter accompanying this interesting donation, toge-
ther with figures of the instruments found, may be seen in the 9th
volume of the Transactions of the Society.
506 ROLL OF THE [1694
soner there. He died in 1728, and a noble monument
was erected to his memory in Westminster abbey by
the duke of Buckingham, The long Latin epitaph, the
production of bishop Atterbury, which records, besides
his skill, his benevolence, liberality, and many other
amiable personal quahties, is as follows : —
Hugo Chambeelen,
Hugonis ac Petri utriusque Medici
Filius ac Nepos :
Medicinam ipse feliciter excoluit et egregie honestavit,
ad summam quippe Artis suae peritiam,
summam etiam in dictis et factis fidem,
insignem mentis candorem,
morumque suavitatem adjunxit ;
ut, an langnentibus, an sanis acceptior esset,
an medicus, an vir melior,
certatum sib inter eos,
qui in utroque laudis genera primarium fuisse
uno ore consentiunt.
Nullam lUe medendi rationem non assecutus,
depellendis tamen puerperarum periculis,
^et avertendis infantium morbis,
operam praecipue impendit ;
eaque multoties cavit,
ne illustribus familiis eriperentur hteredes unici,
ne patri^ charissimae cives egregii ;
universis certe prodesse quantum potuit, voluit ;
adeoque distracta in partes Republica
cum iis a quorum sententia discessit
amicitiam nihilominus sancte coluit,
artisque suae prgesidia lubens communicavit.
Fuit Hie
tanta vitee elegantia ac nitore,
animo tarn forti tarn que excelso,
indole tam propensa ad munificentiam,
, specie ipsa tam ingeuua atque liberali,
ut facile crederes
prosapiae ejus nobilem aliquem extitisse auctorem,
utcunque ex praeclara stirpe veterum Comitum de Tankerville
jam a quadragentis Ilium annis ortum nescires.
In diversa quam expertus est Fortunae sorte,
quod suum erat quod decuit semper tenuit ;
cum magnis vivens baud demisse se gessit,
cum minimis non aspere, non inhumane ;
utrosque eodem bene merendi studio complexus,
utrisque idem agque utilis ac cbarus.
Filius erat mira in Patrem pietate,
I
1694] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 507
pater filiariam amantissiimas quas quidem tres habuit,
unam e prima conjuge,
duas ex altera, castas, bonas, matrum simillimas ;
cum iis omnibus usque ad mortem, conjunctissime vixit :
tertiam. uxorem sibi superstitem reliquit.
Ad bumaniores illas ac domesticas virtutes tanquam cumulus accessit,
rerum Divinarum amor non tictus,
summa Numinis ipsius reverentia ;
quibus imbuta mens, exuvias jam corporis depositura,
ad superiora se erexit,
morbi diutini languoribus inf racta permansit ;
et vitam tandem minime vitalem,
non dissolute non infructuose actam,
morte vere Christiana claudens,
ad patriam cselestem migravit; obiit 17 Junii, a.d. 1728,
annis sexaginta quatuor expletis ;
provectiori setate sane dignus,
cujus ope effectum est,
ut multi non inter primos pene vagitus extincti
ad extremam senectutem possint pervenire.
Viro integerrimo, amicissimo,
ob servatam in partu vitam,
ob restitutam s^pius et confirmatam tandem valetudinem,
Monumentum hoc Sepulchrale
ejus eflfigie insig-nitum posuit
Edmundus Dux Buckinghamiensis,
appositis hie inde statuis
ad exemplum marmoris antiqui expressis,
qu£e et quid ab illo preestitum sit
et quid Illi redditum licet
adhuc debetur posteris testatum faciant.
William Cockburn, M.D. — A native of Scotland,
a master of arts of Edinburgh, and a doctor of medi-
cine (I believe of Leyden, for he was inscribed on the
books of that university as a student of physic 29th
May, 1691, being then twenty- three years of age), was
admitted a Licentiate of the CoUege of Physicians 2nd
April, 1694. He was physician to the fleet under Sir
Charles Wager. Dr. Cockburn was appointed physician
to Greenwich hospital in November, 1731. He died
in November, 1739, aged 70, and was buried on the
24th of that month in the middle aisle of Westminster
abbey. Dr. Cockburn was twice married — first in 1698
to Mary de Banddissin, of St. James's, Westminster,
widow, who died 5th July, 1728, aged 64 ; — and se-
508 ROLL OF THE [1694
condly, on the 15tli April, 1729, to Lady Mary Feild-
ing, eldest daughter of Basil, fourth earl of Denbigh.
The journals of the day described Dr. Cockburn " as
an eminent physician, immensely rich ; " " but he ap-
pears," says colonel Chester,'" " to have been estimated
differently in social life." In the " Autobiography
and Correspondence of Mary Granville, Mrs. Delany,"
edited by Lady Llanover (1st series, i, 209), he is bluntly
called " an old, very rich qua(;k," and his second wife
unkindly stigmatised as "very ngly." Mrs. Delany
gives the following account of his second courtship.
" He went one morning to make a visit, and found
Lady Mary weeping. He asked her what was the mat-
ter. She said her cu'cumstances were so bad she could
no longer live in town, but must retire into the coun-
try : she was not anxious about leaving London, but
regretted some friends she must leave behind. He said
' Madam, may I hope I am one of those 1 ' ' Certainly,'
says she, ' doctor, for you have always shown us great
friendship.' ' Then, madam,' says he, ' if an old man
and 50,000Z. can be acceptable to you, you may put off
your journey whenever you please.' She did not long
demur, and after ten days' courtship they were married.
Nobody blames the lady, the man is called ' an old fool.' "
Dr. Cockburn's will as of St. George's, Hanover-square,
dated 4th December, 1738, was proved 12th December,
1739, by his friends, Richard Shelley, esq., and James
Cockburn, esq., secretary to the duke of Argyle. He
was at the head of the medical department of the navy,
was in large practice in London, and was physician to
dean Swift. f Dr. Cockburn was a voluminous writer,
and most of his works ran to several editions. Those
of which I have been able to collect an account are as
follow : —
^conomia Corporis Aniinalis. 8vo. Lond; 1695.
* Westminster Abbey Registers, p. 353.
t Edinburgh Medical and Surgical Journal for August, 1876,
p. 150.
1G94] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 509
The Nature and Cure of Distempers of Seafaring People : with
Observations on the Diet of Seamen in H.M. Navy. 12mo. Lond.
1696.
An Account of the Nature, Causes, Symptoms, and Cure of the
Lues Venerea. 8vo. Lond. 1710.
The Symptoms, Nature, Cause, and Treatment of a Gonorrhea.
8vo. Lond.
The Nature and Cure of Fluxes. 8vo. Lond. 1701.
Sea Diseases ; or, a Treatise of their Nature and Causes. Also,
an Essay on Bleeding in Fevers. Svo. Lond. 1696.
An Answer to Dr. Freind on Mistakes imputed to Dr. Le Clerc.
Svo. Lond. 1728.
Danger of improving Physick. 8vo. Lond. 1730.
John Harper was admitted an Extra-Licentiate of
the College of Physicians, 17th May, 1694.
Timothy Manlove was admitted an Extra-Licentiate
of the College 1st June, 1694.
William Cole, M.D. — A doctor of medicine of Ox-
ford (Gloucester hall), of 9th July, 1666, was admitted
a Candidate of the College of Physicians 26th June,
1693 ; and a Fellow, 25tli June, 1694. He was named
an Elect 9th October, 1712. Dr. Cole practised during
the early part of his career at Worcester, and it was
during his residence there that Sydenham addressed
to him his " Dissertatio Epistolaris." He settled in
London in 1692. He died 12th June, 1716, aged 81,
and was buried at Allesley, near Coventry, where a
floor stone in the north aisle of the church bears the
following inscription : —
Here lieth the body of
William Cole, doctor of physick,
who departed this life the 12th day of June,
anno dni 1716 aged 81:
And also of Jane, his wife, who departed this life the First day of
February, anno dni. 1724, aged 85.
Here, also, lies the body of Jane Cole, their daughter. She died
January 3, 1733, aged 70.
Here, also, lies the body of Ann Cole, their daughter, who departed
this life November ye 25th, 1759, aged 89.
510 ROLL OF THE [1694
Dr. Cole is said to have been " learned without osten-
tation, and polite without affectation." His portrait by
K White was engraved in 1689. It bore the folio wmg
lines : —
Sic micat ore salus, ocnlis sic mentis acumen.
Ut dubites quis sit, Colus an Hippocrates.
He was the author of tlie following works : — •
De Secretione Animali Cogitata. 8vo. Oxon. 1674.
A Physico-Medical Essay, concerning the late frequency of Apo-
plexies ; with a general Method of Prevention and Cure. 8vo. Ox-
ford. 1689.
Novfe Hypotheseos Febrium Intermittentium Symptomata expli-
canda Hyjiotyposis. 8vo. Amstel. 1698.
De Mechanica Ratione Peristaltici Intestinorum Motus. 8vo.
Lond. 1693.
Consilium JEtiologicum de Casu quodam Epileptico, annexa Dis-
quisitione de Perspirationis insensibilis Materia et peragendae Ha-
tione. 8vo. Lond. 1702.
Salisbury Cade, M.D. — A native of Kent, was ad-
mitted a Licentiate of the College of Physicians 25th
June, 1688. He proceeded doctor of medicine as a
member of Trinity college, Oxford, 9th July, 1691 ; was
admitted a Candidate of the College of Physicians 26th
June, 1693 ; and a Fellow 25th June, 1694. He was
Censor in 1716 and 1719. Dr. Cade was physician to
St. Bartholomew's hospital. He died 22nd December,
1720.
Thomas Turberville was admitted a Licentiate of
the College 25th June, 1694. He married Christian,
the daughter of John Downes, M.D., before-mentioned.
Nathaniel Whitehill was admitted an Extra-Li-
centiate of the College 30th June, 1694. He practised
at Wantage, in Berkshire.
Elihu Jackson was the son of Henry Jackson, a
quaker, of Kirk Burton, near Huddersfield, and was
born there 27th December, 1669. He was admitted an
Extra- Licentiate of the College of Physicians 7th July,
1694] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS, 511
1694, and at that time, according to the Annals, was
" of Hull," but he soon removed to Doncaster, where
he was for many years in the enjoyment of an extensive
medical practice. In 1695 he married, at East Retford,
Catherine, the daughter of Mr. John Vickers, an attor-
ney, at Doncaster. Soon after this, he conformed to
the church of England, and was baptised at Doncaster,
1 1th May, 1698. He died in 1730, and was buried in
Doncaster church on the 12th December, 1730. His
memorial, merely his name and the year of his death,
was in the church, which was destroyed by fire in 1853.
He built Wooldale-hall, in his native parish (Kirk Bur-
ton), and at one period of his life resided there for some
time. There is extant : —
The Perfect King; an Essay translated from the French of
M. Chansierges, with I^otes and an Index. By Elihu Jackson,
M.D. 8vo. Lond. 1726.*
Edmund Devis, M.D. — A native of Warwickshire,
and a doctor of medicine of Utrecht of 15th March, 1692
(D.M.I, de Passione Iliaca, 4to.) ; was admitted a Li-
centiate of the College of Physicians 1st October, 1694.
Matthew Towgood was the second son of the Eev.
Matthew Towgood, clerk, who was minister of Helper-
ton and Semly, co. Wilts, about the year 1669. Of
the preliminary or professional education of our physi-
cian I am unable to recover any information. He does
not appear to have had a degree either in arts or medi-
cine. He was admitted an Extra-Licentiate of the Col-
lege of Physicians 29th November, 1694, and was then
practising at Lyme Ptegis, co. Dorset. Subsequently
he removed to the neighbouring and larger town of
Axminster, co. Devon, where he practised many years.
Dying there, he was buried, 29th September, 1715, in
the Dissenters' meeting-house in that town. His eldest
* Information from John Sykes, M.D., of Doncaster — An account
of Jackson's family aud descendants is to be seen in Morehouse's
History of Kirk Burton.
512 ROLL OF THE [1695
son, John Davie Towgood, M.D., practised as a phy-
sician at Tiverton.
EiCHARD Adams, M.D., a native of Harden, co.
Hereford, was first of St, John's college, Oxford, as a
member of which he took the degree of A.B. 23rd
March, 1671 ; but then removed to All Souls, and pro-
ceeded A.M. 16th October, 1675; M.B. 11th Decem-
ber, 1679 ; M.D. 9th July, 1684. He was admitted a
Candidate of the College of Physicians, 22nd December,
1694, Dr. Adams succeeded Dr. Levett as principal
of Magdalen hall, Oxford, and dying on the 5th Jan-
uary, 1715-6, was buried in the church of St. Peter-in-
the-East, Oxford, where he is commemorated by the
following inscription : —
Depositum
Richardi Adams, M.D.
de Marden iu Cora: Hereford:
quondam. Socii Coll: Omn: Animarum.
dein Aulse B. Marine Magdalenae Principalis ;
Unius etiam e quinque Commissionariis quibus Regnante Anna
Nantorum ^grotantium et Sauciorum cura fait demandata
Vixit Annis LXiv Obiit v Jan mdccxv.
John Crichton, M.D., was born in Scotland, and on
the 1st March, 1688, being then twenty-five years of
age, was entered on the physic line at Leyden. He
graduated doctor of medicine at Bheims 22nd July,
1688. He was admitted a Licentiate of the College
22nd December, 1694.
William Coward, M,D., was born at Winchester,
and educated at the collegiate school in that city.
Going thence to Oxford, he was admitted a commoner
of Hart hall in May, 1674, and a scholar of Wadham
college in 1675. As a member of that house, he pro-
ceeded A.B. 27th June, 1677. In 1680 he was chosen
a fellow of Merton college, and took his degrees as fol-
lows : A.M. 13th December, 1683; M.B. 23rd June,
1685 ; and M,D. 2nd July, 1687. He settled for a
1695] ROYAL COLLEGE OP PHYSICIANS, 513
time at Northampton, but removed to London in 1694,
and was admitted a Candidate of tlie College of Phy-
sicians 5th July, 1695. Dr. Coward was more devoted
to literary and metaphysical pursuits than to medicine.
Haller'"' dismisses him summarily as " non utilissimus
scriptor." In 1682 he translated into Latin, Dryden's
" Absalom and Achitophel," which, however, did not
much contribute to his fame, as it was surpassed by the
rival translation of Atterbury. On his arrival in town
he attracted considerable notice by his work entitled
" Second Thoughts concerning the Human Soul," in
which, with great learning and metaphysical knowledge
he united sentiments which were repugnant to the
opinions of the best divines. This book, as well as
another entitled " The Grand Essay," in defence of it,
not only drew the attacks of several writers, but the
animadversions of the House of Commons, which on
the l7th March, 1704, ordered the book to be burnt by
the common hangman, as containing doctrines contrary
to the Articles of the Church of England, and opposed
to the Christian reliafion. Dr. Coward remained a
Candidate of the College to the last ; and died in 1725,
having, it is said, resided for some years at Ipswich.
His professional writings were—
De Fermento Volatili Niitritio Conjectura. 8vo. Lond. 1695.
Alcali Vindicatum ; or, an Enquiry into the fallacious Reasons of
a late Essay touching Alcali and Acid. 12mo. Lond. 1698.
Remediorum Medicinalium Tabula. ISmo. Lond. 1704.
Opthalmiatria, qua accurata et Integra Oculorum male Affec-
torum instituitur Medela. 8vo. Lond. 1706.
William Gay, of Westmorland, was admitted an
Extra-Licentiate of the College of Physicians 17th
September, 1695. On the 28th September, 1699, being
then thirty years of age, he was entered on the physic
line at Ley den, and on the 14th December in the same
year graduated doctor of medicine at Utrecht (D.M.I.
de Chylosi Isesa. 4to. Traj. ad Ehen. 1699). •
* Biblioth. Med. Pract. vol. iv, p. 177.
VOL. I. 2 L
514 HOLL or THE [1696
George Rossington was admitted an Extra-Licen-
tiate of the College 3rd January, 1695-6. He prac-
tised at St. A] ban's Hertfordshire.
Bernard O'Connor, M.D., was descended from an
ancient family, and was born in the county of Kerry,
about the year 1666. He studied at the universities
of Montpelier and Paris, but took the degree of doctor
of medicine at Rheims 18th September, 1691. In Paris
he met with the two sons of the High Chancellor of
Poland then on the point of returning to their own
country. They were entrusted to O'Connor's care, and
he travelled with them, first into Italy. At Venice he
was called to attend William Legge earl of Dartmouth,
then seriously ill with fever ; and, having recovered his
patient, accompanied him to Padua. Thence he passed
through Bavaria and Austria, down the Danube to
Vienna, and after some stay at the court of the em-
peror Leopold, passed through Moravia and Silesia to
Cracow, and thence to Warsaw. He was well received
by king John Sobieski, and in the beginning of 1694,
being then only twenty-eight years of age, was ap-
pointed physician to his Majesty. His reputation at
the Polish court was great, and it was deservedly raised
by his accurate diagnosis in the case of the king s sister,
the duchess of Bedzevil. This lady was treated by her
physicians for an ague, but O'Connor insisted that she
had abscess of the liver, and that her case was desperate.
His prediction made a great noise among the court,
more especially when it was justified by the event, for
she died within a month ; and upon examination of the
body, his opinion of her malady M^as fully verified. Dr.
O'Connor did not remain long at Warsaw ; but having
obtained the appointment of physician to Teresa Cuni-
gunda, who had been espoused by the Elector of Bavaria,
by proxy, in 1694, and was about to leave for Brussels,
he accompanied the princess on her journey. Arrived
at that place, he took leave of the princess, and passing
through Holland, reached England in February, 1695.
1696] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 515
He stayed but a short time in London, and then went
to Oxford, where he deHvered. a few lectures on ana-
tomy and physiology. In his travels he had conversed
with Malpighi, Bellini, Redi, and other celebrated phy-
sicians, and of their commcmications had made a proper
use. In these lectures he explained the new discoveries
in anatomy, chemistry, and physic in so clear a manner
that they added greatly to his reputation. This was
still further increased by his pubhshing, during his
sojourn at Oxford, " Dissertationes Medico-Physicse de
Antris Lethiferis ; de Montis Yesuvii Incendio ; de Stu-
pendo Ossium coalitu ; de Immani Hypogastri Sarco-
mate." Many very curious questions are therein dis-
cussed, and several curious facts related, which prove
the author to have been a man of much thought and
observation, as well as of great reading and general
knowledge. In the summer of 1695 he returned to
London, where he read lectures as he had done at Ox-
ford ; was elected a fellow of the Royal Society ; and on
the 6th April, 1696, was admitted a Licentiate of the
College of Physicians. In 1697 he published his "Evan-
geHum Medici seu Medicina Mystica de suspensis Na-
turae legibus sive de Miraculis." This little work, which
contained sixteen sections only, made a great noise, and
was reprinted within the year. The author acquired
reputation for learning and ingenuity, but his religion
and orthodoxy were called in question. He subsequently
pubhshed " The History of Poland," in two volumes,
containing much novel and interesting information.
Dr. O'Connor died of fever, 30th October, 1698, when
he was little more than thirty-two years of age, and was
buried at St. Giles's-in-the-Fields. His funeral sermon
was preached at St. Giles, by William Hayley, D.D.,
rector of the parish and chaplain in ordinary to the king.
It was published in 1699.
Andrew Baden, M.D., was born in Wiltshire, and
on the 5th July, 1683, was admitted a pensioner of
Queen's coUege, Cambridge, as a member of wliich he
516 ROLL OF THE [1696
proceeded A.B. 1686, A.M. 1690. He was examined
at the Censors' board for Licentiate on the 3rd April,
8th May, and 5th June, 1696, and approved. There
is reason to believe that he was actually admitted a
Licentiate of the College, but I can discover no record
o£the fact. He proceeded M.D. at Cambridge in 1697.
Denton Nicholas, M.D., of Trinity college, Oxford,
A.B. 26th May, 1685 ; A.M. 25th February, 1687 ;
M.B. 13th November, 1691; M.D. 7th March, 1694;
was admitted a Candidate of the College of Physicians
30th September, 1695 ; and a Fellow 22nd December,
1696.
John Woolaston, M.D. — A native of London and
a doctor of medicine of Utrecht of 1692 (D.M.I, de
primis Vitse staminibus, 4to.) ; incorporated, according
to our own Annals, at Cambridge, 4th July, 1693 —
thouo;h I find no notice of him in the " Graduati Can-
tabrigienses ; " was admitted a Candidate of the College
of Physicians 22nd December, 1696.
KiCHARD Short, M.D., was descended from a Suffolk -
family, but was actually born in London, and was the
son of Thomas Short (presumably the Fellow of the
College before mentioned, p. 377), and his wife Eliza-
beth Cresner. When twelve years of age he was sent
to the English secular college at Douay, where he ar-
rived 20th May, 1682. Having completed his humani-
ties at Douay, he returned to England, and was ad-
mitted a fellow of Magdalen college on the displacement
by James II of the protestant fellows, who refused to
submit to the king's visitorial power. On the restora-
tion of the protestant fellows. Short returned to Douay,
where he arrived 16th November, 1688. Having spent
two years there in the study of philosophy, he set out
for Montpelier, in order to study physic. There he
proceeded doctor of medicine 26th March, 1694, and
then passed on into Italy, to perfect himself in his pro-
1696] ROYAL COLLEGE OP PHYSICIANS. 517
fession. Keturning homewards, he passed some months
in Paris, intent on the study of anatomy and operations.
Settling in London, he was admitted a Licentiate of
the College of Physicians 22nd December, 1696, " be-
came a noted practitioner, and had a special regard for
the poor, whom he attended in cellars and garrets, rot
only in quality of physician, but occasionally adminis-
tering to them both as to their temporal and spiritual
necessities. His zeal at last in visiting the poor having
prejudiced his health, he was cut off in his prime about
the year 1708."""*
Sir John Colbatch was bred an apothecary, and in
that capacity practised for some time at Worcester, of
the companies of apothecaries and mercers of which city
he was a freeman. Bringing proof of his disfranchise-
ment, dated 23rd May, 1696, he was examined, and
admitted a Licentiate of the College of Physicians,
22nd December, 1696. He was knighted by George I
5th June, 1716, and died at an advanced age 15th
January, 1728-9. He was a voluminous writer, but
not of the highest class —
" When the enervate aim
" Beyond their force, they still contend for shame;
" Had Colbatch printed nothing of his own
" He had not been the Saffold o' the town ;
" Asses and owls, unseen, their kind betray
" If these attempt to hoot, or those to bray."t
The following list of his writings is the best I can
supply : — ■
The New Light of Chirurgery. 12mo. Lond. 1695.
Physico-Medical Essays concerning Alkali and Acid in the case
of Distempers. Svo. Lond. 1696.
On the Causes, Nature, and Cure of Gout. 8vo. Lond. 1697.
Extraordinary Cure of the Bite of a Viper by Acids. Svo. Lond.
1698.
A Collection of Tracts Chirurgical and Medical. Svo. Lond. 1700,
* Dodd's Church History, vol. iii, p. 460,
t " Dispensary," Canto V.
518 HOLL OF THE [1697
A Scheme for Proper Methods to be taken should it please Grod
to visit Tis with the Plague, 8vo. Loud. 1721.
Observations on the Scheme lately published. 8vo. Lond. 1721.
A Dissertation concerning Mistletoe, a remedy in Convulsive Dis-
tempers. 8vo. Lond. 3rd Edition, 1723.
Colbatch's Legacy ; or, the Family Physician. 8vo. Lond. 1733.
Nicholas Ogle, M.D. — A Northumbrian, then
twenty-four years of age, was on the 7th September,
1695, entered on the physic line at Leyden. He gradu-
ated doctor of medicine at Utrecht 25th May, 1696
(D.M.I, de Asthmate. 4to.), and was admitted an Extra-
Licentiate of the College of Physicians 7th May, 1697.
William Billers was admitted au Extra-Licentiate
of the College 7th May, 1697.
John Worth. — ^A native of Oxfordshire, was ad-
mitted an Extra-Licentiate of the CoUege of Physicians
7th May, 1697.
Edmund Hammond, A.M. — A native of Norfolk, of
Christ's college, Cambridge, A.B. 1662, A.M. 1673;
was admitted an Extra-Licentiate of the College of
Physicians 21st June, 1697.
Robert Sisterton. — A practitioner in Northumber-
land ; was admitted an Extra-Licentiate of the College
28th June, 1697.
Henry Dunning.— A native of Dorchester, I believe
practising in that town ; was admitted an Extra-Licen-
tiate of the College of Physicians 28th June, 1697.
John Groombridge, A.M., of Trinity college, Cam-
bridge, A.B. 1681, A.M. 1685 ; was admitted an Ex-
tra-Licentiate 22nd July, 1697. He practised at Cran-
brook, CO. Kent.
Abel Clark, A.M., the son of Abel Clark, of Jersey,
was admitted a chorister of Magdalen coUege, Oxford,
1700] ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 519
in 1676. He was matriculated there 30th April, 1680,
being then sixteen years of age, and proceeded A.B. 4th
February, 1682-3, A.M. 26th October, 1686. He en-
tered on the practice of physic at Witney, Oxfordshire ;
and was admitted an Extra-Licentiate of the College
of Physicians 4th July, 1698.
Abraham Cyprianus, M.D. — A native of Amster-
dam, a doctor of medicine of Utrecht of 1684 (D.M.I,
de Carie Ossium, 4to.) ; and for a time professor of
anatomy and surgery in the university of Franeker,
was admitted a Licentiate of the College of Physicians
30th September, 1699. He was admitted a fellow of
the Royal Society 11th December, 1700. Haller calls
him "Celebris lithotomus.""" He died 26th April, 1718,
and was the author of
Oratio in Chirurgiam. Fol. Franeker. 1693.
Epistola ad Tho. Millington Historiam exhibens Fcetus hnmani
salva matre ex tuba excisi. 8vo. Leidas. 1700.
Samuel Kogers was admitted an Extra- Licentiate
of the College October 10, 1699. He practised at
Bristol.
Samuel Westwood was admitted an Extra-Licen-
tiate of the College l7th November, 1699. He had
studied at Leyden, where he was inscribed on the
physic line 1st March, 1697, being then twenty-two
years of age, and he practised at Oundle.
John Campbell. — A native of Glasgow, practising
in the county of Warwick ; was admitted an Extra-
Licentiate of the College of Physicians 22nd February,
1700. Did he not subsequently graduate doctor of
medicine at Utrecht, (D.M.L specimina continens expo-
sitionis mechanicse Actionum Natural ium in Homine.
4to. 1705.)?
Ralph Stubbs, an undergraduate of Oriel college,
* Meth: Studii Med: vol ii, p. 760.
520 llOLL OF ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. [1700
Oxford, practising at Keading, was admitted an Extra-
Licentiate of the College of Physicians 16th May, 1700.
Thomas Wilson, an Irishman, from Antrim, was ad-
mitted an Extra-Licentiate of the College of Physicians
28th June, 1700. He practised at Devizes.
PoBERT Chauncy, " of New England," practising at
Bristol, was admitted an Extra-Licentiate of the Col-
lege of Physicians 28th June, 1700.
William Saunders, of Bishop Stortford, Herts, was
admitted an Extra-Licentiate of the College 6th July,
1700. Dying at Bishop Stortford in Apr5, 1717, he
was buried there the 1 6th of that month.
Edward Strother, an undergraduate of St. John's
college, Cambridge ; was admitted an Extra-Licentiate
of the College of Physicians 1st October, 1700. He
practised at Alnwick in Northumberland.
END of first volume.
Sarrison and Sons, Printers in Ordinary to Her Majesty, St. Martin's Lane.
J
' r y V IF I,' Y y ,■
s; «r
<^A^
hkLLLrrf
-^.^S
hU^..
R
113
R75
1878
v.l
Biological
8c - Medical
Reference
Royal College of Physicians of
London
The roll of the Royal Colleg(
of Physicians of London. 2d
ed., rev. and enl.-
PLEASE DO NOT REMOVE
CARDS OR SLIPS FROM THIS POCKET
UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO LIBRARY
5^
"' <^
r-!*',
*|;^i^
Live Music Archive
Librivox Free Audio
Metropolitan Museum
Cleveland Museum of Art
Internet Arcade
Console Living Room
Books to Borrow
Open Library
TV News
Understanding 9/11